Prachin Bharat Varsh Part 05

Author(s): Tribhuvandas Laherchand Shah
Publisher: Shashikant and Co
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032487/1

Page #1
prAcIna bhAratavarSa bhAga pAMcamo lekhaka : Do. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAhe gAyA geiTa roDa, prakAzaka : zazikAnta enDa ku. rAvapurA kAra sAme, 6 DeA de zI .

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tA majjhimo vvia varaM dujjaNasuaNehiMdohiM viNa kajjam / jaha diTTho tavai khalo tahe a suaNo aisanto // nRpati hAla gAthA saptazatI - 3 / 47 madhyama sAcA mAnavI, sajjana-durjana nA cahuM, durjana phrence dAjhavuM, sajjana nA dIThe jatuM. viviktavarNAbharaNA sukhazrutiH, prasAdayantI hRdayAnyapi dviSAm / pravartate nAkRtapuNyakamaNAM, prasannagambhIrapadA sarasvatI // kirAtArjunIya - 14/ 3 spaSTa akSarAthI alaMkRta, karNapriya, vairIonAM hRdayane pazu AnaMda bakSanArI ane prasannagaMbhIrapa6 cukta sarasvatI puNyahInAne prApta nathI thatI.

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0OOOOOOO000 00000000000 1000000000 @ @ @ viSaya saMkalanA *** pRSTha 1 1 mudrAlekha 2 viSaya saMkalanA 3 citra 4 nAmAbhidhAna 5 mudraNa nivedana . ... 6 granthanI yAdi ... ... 7 TUMkAkSarI samAja . . 8 TUMkAkSaramAM sUcavAyela pustake .... 9 nAmanA saMpUrNa sUcana sAthe upagamAM levAyela grantha 10 prastAvanA - - - - 11 prakAzanuM nivedana... . . 12 citra paricaya 13 granthanA khaMDa, pariccheda tathA viSayenI sUci @i0000-tni tri ~~00000000 - 00000007009 see 0000000000, O roja

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AkRti naM. 2 ] sAMcI stUpa--zrImahAvIranuM nirvANasthAna [ paricaya pRSTha 309, 314, 318, 329, 33-8 | | malaii namonamaH || hAthIguphAnA pravezadvAre ubhA karela hAthI AkRti naM. 3 ]. [ paricaya pRSTha 333-4; 45-63

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I. sa. pU. 900 thI I. sa. 100 sudhInA eka hajAra varSano prAcIna bhArata varSa cAra vibhAgamAM jela paNa pAMca vibhAgamAM pragaTa thayelA bhAga pAMcamo ati prAcIna zilAlekha-sikkAo ane pramANabhUta ItihAsavettAonA AdhAra ApI aitihAsika daSTie lakhela taddana navIna hakIkta sAthe [ A pustaka para sarva prakAranA haka prakAzakoe potAne svAdhIna rAkhyA che.] lekhakaH tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAha ela. ema. enDa esa. prakAzaka: zazikAnta enDa kuM. gAyA geITa ) vaDAdarA rAvapurA, vaDodarA roDa , TAvara sAme [ 13

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prathama AvRtti prata 1250 chUTaka kiMmata prathama bhAga rUA. 5] dvitIya bhAga rUA. lA tRtIya bhAga rUA. 6DA caturtha bhAga rUA. dhru paMcama bhAga rUA. 3 kula rUA. 36 ma. sa. 2467 vikrama saMvata 1990 I. sa. 1941 AkhA seTanA 3. 243 mudrasthAna : Aditya mudraNAlaya * rAyakhaDa * amadAvAda mudraka : maNilAla pu. mistrI, khI. e.

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- - - - - paMcama vibhAga khaMDa agiyAra - - - - samA t - - Is Junior -

Page #9
TUMkAkSarI samaja a. adhyAya 5. pRSTha A. A. AkRti pra. praka. prakaraNa - I. ItyAdi prastA. prastAvanA I. sa. IsavIsana pro. prephesara I. i. pU. IsavIsananI pUrve bhA. bhAga, bhASAMtara upe. upaghAta ma, saM. mahAvIra saMvata khe. khaMDa mi. misTara gu. va. so. gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITI vi. vigere amadAvAda vi. saM. vikrama-saMvatsara TI. TIkA athavA TippaNa saM. saMvata -saMvatsara che. phekaTara naM. naMbara . A. D. IsavIsana pari. pariccheda, pariziSTa B. C. IsavIsana pUrve 5. paMDita P. N. (phUTaneTa) TIkA pArA.. Intro. (inTroDakSanI prastAvanA }pArAgrApha, pArigrApha P. (peija) pRSTha pu. pustaka Prof. (prophesara)-adhyApaka 5. prAcIna bhArata varSanA sUcavela bhAga Vol. (vaeNlyuma) pustaka, bhAga je je pustakonA AdhAro TAMkyA che temanA TUMkAkSaronI naidha pu. 1 thI 4 sudhImAM je aneka pustake nihALavA paDyA che temanI yAdI tyAM Apela che. A pAMcamA vibhAgamAM je viSayonuM nirUpaNa karatAM pu. 1 thI 4 sudhImAMnA havAlo ApavA paDayA che. tyAM te asala pustakanAM nAmono nirdeza na karatAM, prAcIna bhAratavarSa pu. 1, 2, 3, 4 juo: evA TekA isArAja karyA che; kemake asala nAma jaNAvavAthI nAhaka pustakonI nAmAvaLI moTI thaI jAya temaja je carcA, dalIle ke samajUtI ame amArA taraphathI pu. 1, 2, 3, 4mAM raju karIne nirNA bAMdhyA hoya tenI sahAya levAnI nirarthakatA ubhI thaI jAya. A be kAraNuthI atre raju karelI nAmAvaLA kadAca TUMkI paNa dekhAze. TUMkAkSaramAM sUcavAyela pustake a. hi. I. te ahIM hIsTarI opha InDiA i hika ke InDiyana hIsTarIkala kavArTala E. H. I. J -vIsenTa smItha I. H. . 1 e. I. enhAnTa IrAjha (sara kanIMgahAma) A. sa. . I. AkalojIkala sarve InavesTarna InDiyA e. I. enzanTa iMDiyA (Do. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha A. sa. sa. I. ,, , , sadhana , e. I. epIgrAphika inDika e. ke. I. enzanTa keInsa opha inDiyA kanIMgahAma e. hi. I. okasapharDa hIsTarI opha inDiyA I. ke. I. pu. skrInsa koraporeTama InDikama hujha 0. H. I. I ke. su. po. che e. inDiyana enTIkavarI ka. su. su. )kalpasUtranI sukhabodhikA TIkAnuM bhASAMtara I. A. "

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ke hi. I. | kacchIja hIsTarI oNpha je. I. sa. 1 dhI sTaDIjha Ina jainIjhama ina C. H. I. J inDiyA je. saM. I. A sadhana inDiyA (prA. rAva). ke. zA. hi. I. te kembrIja zAI hIsTarI je. sA. saMzo. jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka R. S. H. I. J opha InDiyA prA. bhA. 1 prAcIna bhArata varSake. . re. . keInsa eNpha- dhI AMdhra prAcIna bhA. Do. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha kRta C. A. R. DInesTI (pro. resana) bha. bA. vR. bhA. bharatezvara bAhubalI vRttike- A. re. pra. ,, prastAvanA bhASAMtara ke. I. e. ) keInsa oNpha enzanTa bhA. prA. rA. te bhAratanA prAcIna rAjavaMza-- ke. e. I. I InDiyA (sara kanIMgahAma) bhA, prA. rAjavaMza I (vizvezvararAya rAu) ke. I. kronolojI opha InDiyA - bhA. pA. li. bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA (mIsIsa Dapha) (ga. hI. ojhA) ja. . hi. pI. so. dhI jarnala opha dhI AMdha bhA. saM. I. bhAratane saMkSipta ItihAsa J. A. H. R. S. I hIsTarIkala rIsarca sosAITI (pra. bAlakRSNa) ja. e. bI. pI. se. ) dhI jarnala opha dhI orisA- J. O. B. R. S. | bihAra rIsarca sosAITI bhAM. a. azakyaritra (De. bhAMDArakara) ma. sA. iti. mairya sAmrAjyanA itihAsa ja. . . . e. sa. 1 dhI jarnala opha dhI be be J. B. B. R. A. S. I benca eNpha dhI royala (AcArya vidyAbhUSaNalaMkAra) eziyATika sosAiTI re. ve. va. ii rekarDajha oNpha dhI vesTarna varlDa ja. re. e. se. beM. 1 dhI jarnala opha dhI phrAyala R. W. W. (revaraMDa esa. bIla) J. R. A. S. B. J eziyATika sosAITI oNpha se. bu. i. sekreDa bukasa oNpha dhI IsTa beMgAla hA. je. hArTa oNpha jenIjhama ja. mU. bhA. bha. jagannAthanI mUrti ne bhAratanuM hi. I. I. A. ) hIsTarI opha dhI inDiyana bhaviSya H. I. E, A, | enDa isTana AkAMTecara ja, ra. e. sa. dhI jarnala opha dhI royala (jemsa phargyusana). J. R. A. S. eziyATika sAITI opha hiM, hI, hi. I. 1 dhI hindu hIsTarI oNpha laMDana H, H, i inDiyA (e.ke.majamudAra) nAmanA saMpurNa sUcana sAthe upayogamAM levAyela grantho anekAnta (mAsika) airIya brAhmaNa grantha . abhidhAna ciMtAmaNi (zrI hemacandrAcArya) kathA sarita sAgara (semadeva) amarakeza kalyANa (hiMdI-mAsika) ayodhyA tIrtha (5. chArAma zarmA) khAchI IskrIpzansa (sTAIna kenAu) arthazAstra (cANakya) gAthA saptazatI azokanA zilAlekha upara daSTipAta (IndravijayasUri) gujarAtI (sAptAhika patra) InDiyana kalcara (mAsika-kalakattA) caturvizatI prabaMdha uvAsaga dazA cAmuMDarAya purANa enelesIjha opha dhI bhAMDArakara insTITayuTa jena jayoti (sAptAhika) enzanTa gorI oNpha inDiyA jaina dharma prakAza (mAsika) enzanTa hIsTarI opha dhI Deksa (jI. je. TuvIla) jaina satya prakAza (mAsika)

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jaina yuga (mAsika) jena (sAptAhika) jaina siddhAMta bhAskara (raimAsika) jene enTIkarI jena kAlagaNana (muni kalyANavijayajI) jainIjhama (glejhenepa) joDaNIkeza (gujarAta vidyApITha) DAinesTIjha opha dhI kalI eja (pArjITara) tIrthamALA trizaSThi zalAkA puraSa caritra (zrI hemacandrAcArya) divyAvadAna dIpavaMza nirayAlI . pariziSTa parva (zrI hemacandrAcArya) paMca siddhAMtikA purANa brahmAMDa masya mArkaMDeya buddhiprakAza (gu. va. se.) buddhisTIka IDiyA (rIsa DevIsa) kahata kathA (guNaya) bRhatsaMhitA bhAgavata bhArahuta stUpa (janarala kaniMgahAma) bhItsA (sAMcI) sUpa (janarala kaniMgahAma) mathurA enDa Isa enTIvITIjha mathurAne siMhadhvaja (indravijayasUri) mahAkSatrapa rAjA rudradAma ( , ) mahAvIra caritra (zrI hemacandrAcArya) mahAbhArata mahAvaMza mAlavikAgnimitra mudrArAkSasa rAjataraMgiNI rUlarsa opha iDiyA sIrIjha-azeka lokavibhAga samaMta prasAdikA saMskRta-aMgrejI zabdakoza (. viliyamsa) siMhAlIjha kronIkasa sudarzana vibhAsa (cInAI granthane anuvAda) sUtrakRtAMga svama vAsavadattA harSa caritra harTa opha jainIjhama (je sTIvansana) yuga vAyu viSNu prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi (merUtuMgari) prabhAvaka caritra : prajJApanA sUtra prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM siMhAvakana (indravijayari)

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prasta e pustaka bahAra paDavAnA aMtaragALe je prazno-TIkA-carco upasthita thaI hAya che temAMthI mukhyanA khulAsA ApavAnA rIvAja atyArasudhI rAkhyA che. paraMtu pustakane aMte eka svataMtra vibhAge ja A sarva praznonuM digdarzana kareluM hAvAthI, A pustake uparanA niyamanA bhaMga thayela dekhAze. prastAvanA have A pAMcamA bhAganA deha vize be zabdo kahIzuM. amArI ema mAnyatA che ke, AMdhravaMzanA itihAsa meLavavA hajI sudhI joI e teTalA prayatna karAyeA ja nathI eTale svAbhAvika che ke, te vaMzanI svataMtra hakIkata A pustakamAM raju karAyalI che te pramANamAM adyapi kayAMya pragaTa thayelI najare paDaze nahIM. A abhiprAya vyakta karI ame garva dhAraNa karavA mAMgatA nathI paNa vidvAnAnuM dhyAna kheMcavA mAgIe chIe ke, uttarahiMdanA itihAsanA adhAra ukelavAmAM atyAra sudhI jema parizrama teoe uDAvyeA che, tema have pachI dakSiNahiMdanA itihAsanA ukelamAM paNa temanA parizramanA pravAhe-dhAya vALatA rahe; pariNAme sakaLa bhAratadezanA itihAsa jANavAnuM bhAratamALaaAne sadbhAgya prApta thAya. AMdhraprajAnA itihAsa mATe AkhA ce agiyAramA khaMDa svataMtrapaNe rAyo che. tenA cauda pariccheda pADyA che. prathamanA cAra paricchedamAM temanAM, jAti, kuLa, utpatti, vaMza, samaya, saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI, anukrama, upanAmeA-birUddo i. i.nI prAthamika samajUti ApavAmAM AvI che. te pachInA emAM-pAMcamA ane chaThThAmAM-je je zilAlekhA AMdhrapatie peAte kAtarAvyA che athavA kAI ne kAI rIte temanI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA lAgyA che te te sarve saMkSiptamAM utArIne, jarUra lAge teTalI temanI samajUti ApI che. te pachInA ATha paricchedyamAM -sAtathI cauda sudhImAM-trIse AMdhrapationAM jIvanavRttAMta jeTalAM zeAdhI zakAyAM teTalAM varNavyAM che. ane sauthI chevaTe, prazastimAM upara jaNAvyA pramANe "prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM" prakAzana thavA mAMDayuM tyArathI, je kAI carcA-TIkA ke prazno ( rUmarUmAM, vRttapatrAmAM athavA tA prakAzana rUpe) upasthita thayA amane jaNAyA, te sarvemAMthI mukhya ane mahattvanA hatA tenA khulAsA joDavAmAM AvyA che. dhArUM chuM ke tethI te te praznakAranA mananuM samAdhAna thaI jaze. 2

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prathamanA cAra pustakamAM navIna hakIkata tA bharelI hatI ja, paraMtu A pAMcamAmAM tA tethIye vizeSa navIna che. eTale TUMkAmAM TUMkA ullekha karavA jatAM paNa, prastAvanAnuM kada vadhI javAnI bIka rahe che; jethI sArA rastA e che ke, caude paricchedanA AraMbhamAM utArela saMkSipta sAra vAMcI javA vinaMti che. mAtra khAsakhAsa be traNa khAkhatA upara lakSa doravuM rahe che tenA ja khyAla atra ApIzuM. (1) AMdhravaMzanA sthApaka zrImukhanA samaya, mAtapItA ane kuLane lagatI hakIkata taddana Azcaryamugdha kare tevI lAgaze. (2) zakasaMvatanI sthApanA I. sa. 78mAM zAlivAhana rAjAnA haste karavAnI manAI che te maMtavyamAM paNa ghaNI rIte sudhArA karavA ceAgya jaNAze. (3) maitraka, traikUTaka ane cAlukayavaMzenI utpattinuM joDANa guptavaMza sAthe hovAnuM puravAra karI batAvyuM che jethI te sarvanA samaya vize paNa navIna ja prakAza paDatA jaNAze (4) prAcIna samaye rAjAe vaccenAM yuddhone rAjadvArI dRSTie je jovAtuM rahyuM che temAM paNa pheraphAra karIne kevaLa dhArmika dRSTithI nihALavAnuM batAvAyuM che. eTale paNa bhAratIya itihAsanuM kalevara badalAI jatuM dekhAze. (5) te ja pramANe (sudarzana taLAva ane hAthIguMphrA AdinA) zilAlekhA, (samrATa priyadarzinanA) khaDaka lekhA ane (AMdhrapatinA) dAnapatrA paNa dhArmika gAravatA jAhera karatA batAvAyA che; eTale rAjyanuM temaja prajAnuM mAnasa rAjyalAbha ane dravyalAbhane badale AtmIya bhAvanAthI pASAyaluM tathA te ja mArge vahetuM jatuM dekhAze. AvA AvA prakAranA navIna tattvA pragaTa thatAM jaNAyAM che; je sarvenAM navIna daSTikANathI abhyAsa karavAnI khAsa AvazyakatA have ubhI thatI jaNAya che. phrIne jaNAvavAnI eTale ja pu. 4nI prastAvanAmAM je zabdo meM uccAryA che te rajA lauM chuM ke "bhUtakALanA vidvAnA bhUla khAya ja nahIM, te vadhe che athavA vadhA che te sarvadA jaDamezalAka ja rahevuM joIe i. i. prakAranuM mAnasa have palaTA mAMge che." ATalI vinaMti karI A prastAvanA samApta karUM chuM. vAdarA, rAvapurA vasaMtapaMcamI vikramArka 1997 vidyopAsaka tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha

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prakAzakonuM nivedana dareka vakhatanI peThe savA varSane badale A vakhate aDhI varSe pustaka bahAra paDe che. tenuM kAraNa amArI ALasa nathI, paraMtu vacce iMgrejI zreNinA traNa pustaka prakaTa karavAM paDayAM hatAM. gujarAtI zreNinuM A pustaka aNadhAryuM nIvaDayuM che. tethI te neMdhAyelA grAhakone mAtra baMdhAmaNa kharca laIne bheTa tarIke ApyuM che. atra gujarAtI zreNI saMpUrNa thAya che. eTale agAuthI thanAra grAhakane je sagavaDatA apAtI hatI te have pAchI kheMcI levAmAM Ave che. jethI pAMce pustakanI chUTaka kiMmata rUA. 30) che te Akho seTa kharIdanArane 20% kamizanathI eTale rUA. 24)mAM apAze. chatAM kacavATa na utpanna thAya mATe AvatA cha mAsa sudhI-eTale tA. 1-7-41 sudhIAkhe saTa kharIdanArane rUA. 22AmAM ApavAnuM cAlu rAkhIzuM. laDAIne aMge jema aneka cIjonA bhAva vadhI gayA che tema prakAzana aMge paNa sthiti thaI gaI che. amAre keTaloka bojo upADavo paDavo che paraMtu vidyApracAranA mULa AzayanI sarakhAmaNImAM tene a95 gaNIe chIe. potAnA dezanA uddhAra mATe tene khare ItihAsa jANavAnI atI upayogitA te sarva kaI svIkAre che ja. paraMtu moTe bhAga ema mAne che ke, ati prAcIna ItihAsanA jJAna karatAM, tAtkALika pUrvanA ke bahu baso cAra varSa pUrvanAnI khAsa jarUra gaNAya; eTalA mATe ke banne samayanI tulanA karI, temAMthI agatyane sAra tAravI zakAya. jyAre zAsa, bhAga jemAM ame paNa saMmata chIe--evuM mAnavuM che ke, najIkanA karatAM vizeSa prAcIna samayane ItihAsa jANavAthI ja phAyado laI zakAya; kemake jema sarakhAmaNIne samaya najIka, tema banne vaccenA muddAo ati sUkSama rahe, eTale jema tAravaNI karavAmAM muzkelI tema tene upAya zodhavAmAM paNa kaThiNatA; ane vizeSa upayogI tatva je phaLapariNAma, tenI te saMbhAvanA paNa pAchI ja. A sarva vighanAM nivAraNa mATe, sarakhAmaNI karavA dhArela be samayanA ItihAsa mATe vizeSa aMtara javuM rahe. jema aMtara vizeSa tema pariNAma vadhAre phaLadAyI nivaDavA vakI rahe. eTale ja je prAcInatama samayane pramANabhUta itihAsa meLavI zakAya tema che tene ame pasaMda karyo che. ApaNA dezanA khAsa abhyAsIo te, bIjA viSayanA pramANamAM Ame ochA che ja, temAM je samaya ame hAtha dharyo che te mATenA te ghaNAe ochA ja. A kAraNathI bahAranA vidvAnanA caraNe amAruM maMtavya dharavA, vizeSa prabaLa IcchA thaI AvelI. te mATe utAvaLa karI aMgrejI zreNinuM kAma hAtha dharyuM. devage laDAI phATI nIkaLI ane amArA te prakAranA pracAra kAryamAM vidhra ubhAM thayAM; kemake sarakAre paradeza jatAM AvatAM sarva sAdhane upara aMkuza mUkI dIdhAM che. eTale hAla te te kAma tyAMthI ja aTakayuM che. paraMtu himata che ke, te bAjune mArga ughADo thatAM ja, aTakI paDeluM kArya AgaLa dhapAvIzuM ane paramAtmAnI kRpA haze te manadhAryuM pariNAma meLavIzuM. vizeSa kAMI kahevApaNuM rahetuM nathI. je je graMthane, sAdhanone I. I.no kiMcita yA moTA pramANamAM A prakAzana paratve upayoga karAyo hoya te sarvane aMtaHkaraNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnIe chIe. eja vinaMti sevake vaDodarA : rAvapurA zazikAnsa enDa ku. nA, 19: vasaMta paMcamI yathAghaTita

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citra paricaya nIcenA varNanamAM prathamane AMka citranI saMkhyA sUcaka che, bIjo AMka te citrane lagata adhikAra kayA pAne A pustakamAM utAryo che te batAvavA pUrata che; sarva citrane saMkhyAnA anukrama pramANe goThavyAM che. tethI kayuM citra kayA pAne che te sahelAIthI zodhI kaDhAya tema che. keI citra tenI kaI viziSTatAne aMge ADuM avaLuM mUkavuM paDayuM hoya ke eka karatAM vizeSavAra raju karavuM paDayuM hoya te te hakIkata tene paricaya ApatAM jaNAvyuM che. AgaLanI peThe A pustakamAM paNa cine traNa vargamAM goThavavAmAM AvyAM che. (1) sAmAnya citro (2) paricchedanAM mathALAMnAM zobhanacitro (3) ane rAjya vistAra batAvatA tathA anya aupadezika nakazAo. prathamavarge 19, dvitIye 14 ane tRtIye 8 maLI kula 41 citro raju karyA che. prathama ApaNe sAmAnya citronuM varNana karIzuM. (4) sAmAnya citro AkRti varNana nabara pRSTha 1 kavara kaHpavRkSa athavA ka95dramanuM citra che. tene paricaya pu. 2, pR. 28 mAM apAI gayo che. te joI levA vinaMti che. 2 309 sAMcI stUpanA ghumaTanuM dazya che. tene keTaleka paricaya pu. 2 mAM pR. 29 ane AgaLa upara Apela te vAMcI levA sAthe A pustake pR. 309, 314, 317, 329 tathA 337-38 apAyela varNana joDIne vAMcavA vinaMti che. samagra vAMcanathI pAkI khAtrI thaze ke sAMcItUpa atyAra sudhI manAI rahyuM che tema bauddhadharmanuM smAraka nathI ja. paraMtu te jaina dharmanA aMtima tIrtha kara zrI mahAvIranA dehane agnidAha dIdhe te upara caNAyeluM samAdhisthAna che. 3334 rAjA khAravele kotarAvela hAthIguMphAnA pravezadvAre ubhA karAvela hAthInuM 345-6 citra che. tene paricaya pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 36 mAM apAya che tathA vizeSa adhikAra A pustaka Apyo che. khAtrI thAze ke lekha khAravela rAjyanA samayane che jyAre pravezadvArane hAthI samrATa priyadarzinanA samayane che. A uparathI vizeSa purA e maLI rahe che ke khAravela pite priyadazinane puregAmI , nahIM ke jema manAI rahyuM che tema

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AkRti varNana 13. naMbera pUrNa pAzcAddagAmI. vaLI priyadarzina samrATanuM oLakha ciha-mahora chApa hastAkSaranI maheranuM cinha hAthI hatuM te paNa sAbita thaI jAya che. 6-7 308-9 amarAvatI stUpanA pradezamAMthI khedatAM maLI AvelI be mUtio che. prathama najare jotAM ja te mUrtio jainadharmanA 23mA tIrthakara zrI pArzvanAthanI hovAnI khAtrI thAya che. eTale A amarAvatI stUpa pote paNa jainadharmanuM samAraka hovAnuM puravAra thAya che. keTaleka paricaya pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 38-39 mAM Apyo che te vAMcI javA vinaMti che. 8-9 337-8 AkRti naM. 6-7 nI peThe A be caraNapAdukAo paNa amarAvatI stUpanA khodANamAMthI maLI Avela che. tene lagatuM varNana pu. 4 AkRti naM. 2, 3 tathA 40-41 mAM apAyuM che. vaLI vizeSa adhikAra A pustake pR. 307-8 upara lakhAya che eTale anya kAMI lakhavAnI AvazyatA rahetI nathI. 10 306 rAjA khAravele bennAtaTanagare baMdhAvela mahAvijaya prAsAda-amarAvatI thI tRpanuM A citra che. sarva adhikAra pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 37 nIce pR. AgaLa 316 thI AgaLanAM pRSTha apAI gayo che. vizeSa lakhavA jevuM rahetuM nathI chatAM je cagya lAgyuM te A pustake pR. 306 thI AgaLamAM ApavAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI A pradeza upara AMdhrapatienuM kevuM prabhutva hatuM tene khyAla A pustake pR. 72 thI 74, 169 thI 174 ane pra. 225-26 sudhI paNa chuTochavAye apAya che. 11 307 jagannAthapurInA maMdiramAM sthApita thayela trimUtinuM citra che. AvuM eka bIjuM citra sAMcI stUpavALI jagyAmAMthI maLI AvyuM che. eTale sAbita thAya che ke, A bane-jagannAthapurI ane sAMcInA sthAne eka ja dharmanAM pratIka rUpe che. varNana pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 42 taLe ane je kAMI bAkI A pavA yogya hatuM che A pustake pR. 307-mAM ApavAmAM Avela che. 12 307 triratna tarIke oLakhAvAtAM cinha rUpe che. pu. 4 mAM AkRti naM. 43 mAM tenuM varNana apAI gayuM che. pharIne vAMcI javA vinaMti che. 13) pu. 2mAM mauryavaMzIya samrATa azakavardhana tathA priyadazinanAM herAM che. te bane 14) AkRti vyaktio ItihAsanA abhyAsakene eTalI badhI paricita che ke, te naM. 20 vize lakhavAnI kAMIpaNa jarUriAta ja lekhI na zakAya. mAtra mane je tathA 27 bhinnatA mAluma paDI che tene khyAla ja Apa rahe che. te mATe pu. 2mAM temanAM jIvana caritra najara taLe kADhI nAMkhavA bhalAmaNa karavI rahe che. 15. pu. 1mAM mathurA, sAMcI ane bhArahUta stUpanAM teraNanAM dazyo che; tathA mathurAmAMthI (16) AkRti maLI Avela pUjA karavA mATe eka paTa che. te sarvanuM varNana 5. 1mAM

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AkRti varNana naMbaeNra pRSTha. 17) naM. 31 pR. 16 nIce tathA tenA citra paricaya varNanamAM apAyuM che. vizeSa 18I 32, 33 paricaya A purata ke AkRti naM. 2, tathA atre darzAvela pR. 313-15 tathA 34 ane te uparAMta nIcenI AkRti naM. 1nuM varNana vAMcIne sarakhAvI jevAthI maLI raheze; A sarva mArakene bauddhadharma sAthe saMbaMdha che ke jainadharma sAthe saMbaMdha che te svayaM siddha thaI jAya che. A traNe bhinnabhinna sthaLe AvelAM siMhastaMbha che. sarakhAmaNI karI zakAya mATe atre raju karavAmAM AvyA che. te sarvane mukhyapaNe paricaya te temane lagatAM citihAsika varNane jyAM Ave che tyAM karAve che, jemake naM. 1lvALA mathurA siMhastaMbhane pu. 3mAM AkRti naM. 2 tathA 26mAM; naM. 20vALA sAranAthastaMbhane pu. 2mAM AkRti naM. 35 taLe temaja pu. 1 AkRti naM. 17mAM; ane naM. 27vALA sAMcItaMbhane pu. 1 AkRti naM. 26 nIce paricaya apAyela che, tethI atra te utAravAnI jarUriyAta rahetI nathI. mAtra upara varNavAyalI sarva AkRtione samagrarIte paricaya rAdhI zakAya te mATe temane na ekatrIta karIne raju karAI che. (ba) zebhana citranI samaja ekAdazama khaMDa prathama pariccheda -kRSNa ane godAvarI nadIonA vaccenA pradezanA Arya rAjA, tyAMnA anAryo sAthe, lagnagraMthIthI joDAI saMbaMdhI bane che. Ama virUddha prajAe eka thaI pragati sAdhe che. rAjA khArela zrImukhane mArI haThAvI dakSiNamAM kADhI muke che. dvitIya pariccheda-rAjyanI hAthaNI mahAnaMdane rAjyane cagya puruSagaNI tenA upara kaLaza DhaLe che, joke te naMdane rudraputra hato. A bAbata vidvAnamAM bhAre vivAda ane uhApoha macAve che. tRtIya paricheda -prajA rAjyagAdI badalAvAthI sthaLAntara kare che. garIba ke tavaMgara sarve pitApitAne nAno moTo khaTale laI eka gAma choDI bIje gAma pahoMcI jAya che. nAga prajA ane rAjane dabadabo te vakhate bhAre hatA, caturtha pariracheda -atyAre bhale khaMDera che paraMtu prAcInakALe amarAvatI killAthI rakSAelI eka suMdara nagarI hatI. priyadarzina, zAtakaraNine tenA lazkara sAthe nasADI mUke che. agnimitra pataMjalinI madada 2che che ne pataMjali agnimitra pAse yajJa karAve che. paMcama pariccheda -rAjA zilAlekho kotarAvI ItihAsane amaratva Ape che. ne bhUta ane bhaviSyanI kaMIka avanavI svaprasRSTimAM rAcate ubhe che. dUra cAlyA jatA musAphare A vahetA ItihAsanA pratika thatA adaSya thAya che,

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paSama pariccheda -ANI paNa ItihAsanA amarapATa samA zilAlekhe kotarAve che. prAcIna bhAratavarSa baLa, zIla, vaibhavane vidyAkaLAthI guMjato hato. soma paricheda -rANI nAganikA lagnagraMthIthI joDAya che. rAjakumAra sagIra uMmarane hevAthI rANI rAjyakArobAra jAte saMbhALe che. pitAne nahi, paNa naMdanA kumArane gAdI maLI tethI zrImukha dakSiNa tarapha pitAnA baLa sAthe cAlyo jAya che ne tyAM rAjyasattA sthApe che. aSTama paricheda -bilADInA mukha jevA AkArane AgaLa hatA. akasamAte paDI javAthI rAjakumAra stanapAna karatAM ja ghavAya che ne tethI tene karUNa aMta Ave che. AthI nirdoSa bilADIonuM AvI bane che. paradeze sAthenA saMbaMdhe te cAluja hatA ne keI kALanA pravAsIoe bhAratanA prANa ane zaktinAM muktakaMThe guNagAna karyA che. kumArI saMghamitrA dharmapracArArthe vahANumAM besI paradeza gaI hatI. navama pariccheda -rAjA priyadazine pitAnAM sagAMvahAlAM je sthaLe maraNa pAmelAM, te sthaLanuM smaraNa rAkhavA tyAM nAnA khaDakalekhe ubhA karAvelA. tivalakumAra badamAzonA kAvatrAne bhega banI mAryo jAya che. rAjA zAtakaraNi pataMjali mahAzayane mAna ApI mitra banAvI mahadusthAne sthApe che. - dazama pariccheda -rAjA agnimitra ane mAlavikAnAM lagna, ItihAsanA eka mahatvanA banAvanA samaraNamAM hAI ciraMjIva che. nahapANanA jamAI rUSabhadatta nAzikanAM tIrthasthAne jItI laI tyAM sudhI devaja pharakAvelo. vikramAdityanA parAkramathI yavanasenA hArI ne deza temanA trAsathI mukta banyo. ekAdazama paricheda --rAjA zAlIvAhana parAkramI hatuM, te paNa tene sAhitya prema eTaleja tIvra hatuM. te laMkA jItI laIne tyAMnI rAjakumArI paraNyo hato. zAlIvAhana dharmapremI paNa tevo ja hatuM. teNe pAlItANAmAM puSkaLa devadevAlaye baMdhAvI dharmadevaja pele. dvAdazama paricheda --itihAsanAM smaraNacinha samI pagalIone nava yuvAna yuvatI aMjali arpe che. ne ugatA kALa tarapha phALe bharato yuvAna cAlI nIkaLe che. trayodazama paricheda --plecchanA trAsathI bacAvanAra mahApuruSane janma eka vicakSaNa banAvanuM kAraNa banI jAya che. gaMgAjaLamAM snAna karatI eka suMdara bALA sAthe nAgakumAra mugdha bane che ne kuMvarano janma thAya che. te mahApuruSa dharmano temaja dezano uddhAra karI ItihAsamAM amara thAya che. rAjA hAla, mATInAM ramakaDAMthI sainya racanA karate ne te ramakaDAM jIvatAM svarUpa dhAraNa karatAM duzmanonAM kALa banI jatAM. caturdazama paricheda --mahArAjyanI paDatI vakhate adhera bhayAnaka hoya che. nAnAM nAnAM rAjyo utpanna thAya che. baLavA thaI nAnAM ravataMtra saMsthAno jAmI jAya che. ne potapotAnA nAnA nAnA kaTakAomAM saMteSa laIne eka bIjA sAthe samajuti rAkhI svataMtra rAjya vyavahAra calAvuM che. .

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4 | (g) nakazAne lagatI samaja 1 313-15 AkRti naM. 4 tathA 5 janarala kaniMgahAmanA "bhArata sUpa" nAmaka pustakamAMthI utAravAmAM AvyA che temAM A.4, bhArahUta ane rUpanAtha je pradezamAM AvyA che te sthaLane nakazo che. gaMgA nadInI zAkhArUpa eka nadInA tIrapradezamAM A banne sthaLo Avela che. bannenI vacce paMdara-vIsa mAIlanuM aMtara saMbhave che. jI. AI. pI. relavenA jabalapura ane satanA sTezana vacce temanAM sthAne che. rUpanAthanA sthaLe samrATa priyadazine zilAlekha ubhe karAvI potAnI mahera chApa samAna hasti ketarAvela che. tyAM jenenA bAramA tIrthakara zrI vAsupUjyanuM nirvANa thayela che; tathA tenI ane jabalapuranI vaccenA A pradezamAM prAcIna samayanA aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarInuM sthAna Avela che jenA khaMDiyara adyapi bhUgarbhamAM daTAyelAM paDI rahyAM che. A sarva hakIkata pu. ramAM priyadazinanA vRttAMte jaNAvela che. vizeSa je kAMI che te A pustake caMpAne lagatuM varNana pR. 319 thI 25 temaja pu. 1 pR. 76 thI 78 sudhImAM apAyuM che te vAMcI mAhitagAra thavA vinaMti che. bhArahUta vize nIce AkRti naM. naM. 5mAM juo. 2 314 bhArahUtane lagate paricaya pu. 1-2mAM jyAM te stUpanuM varNana lakhAyuM che tyAM apAI gayela che temaja A pustake pR. 213 thI 15 tathA 326-28 sudhImAM paNa apAyela che. A sthAne jenenA 24mA tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIrane jJAnaprApti thaI hovAthI te dharmanA custa anuyAyI be rAjavI-kezalapati prasenajIte ane magadhapati ajAtazatrue-pitAnI bhakti darzAvatAM aneka da kotarAvyAM che. 69 govaradhanasamayane lagate nakaze che; jyAM kSaharATa nahapANanA samayanA tathA AMdhrapatioe ubhA karAvelA nAsika, nAnAghATa junera, kaherI kAle I. InAM zilAlekha tathA trirazima ane rUkSa-rathAvarta nAmanA parvate, temaja paiTha (paiThaNa)-rAjanagara AveluM che, te badhAM sthAne vyakta karate A nakaze pustakanA aMtarvaNaneja apAyo che. te te sthAnanA varNana sAthe paricaya meLavI le, mukhyatayA paMcama ane SaSTama paricchede lekhane paricaya karI levAthI samajUti maLI raheze. 5

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Aha nA varNana 22 4 149 23 5 161 24 6 188 magadhapati naMda bIjAnI zukrANI peTe janmela jayeSTha putra-zrImukhane samAjapravRtta viSama sthitine lIdhe rAjyahaka paDatuM mUkI, dakSiNa hiMda-mazALa tarapha-cAlI nIkaLavAnuM thatAM, AraMbhe kevaLa nAnA vistAra uparaja adhikAra jamAvI saMtoSa le paDa hatuM te darzAve che. ane te pachI svabaLe mArga mokaLA karate tathA potAnuM sAmrAjya sthApate mAluma paDe che. uttara hiMdamAM magadha samrATa biMdusAra rAjya paM. cANakyanA maraNa bAda avicArI rAjanItine lIdhe phATI nIkaLelA baLavAne pariNAme naM. 4 AMdhrapati mallikazrI varasatazrI zAtakaraNie AMdhra sAmrAjyane vistAra dakSiNe hiMdamAM keTalo vadhArI mUkyo hato tene khyAla Ape che; tathA biMdusAra pachI gAdIe AvanAra azakavardhanane gRhakaleza aMge, temaja rAjyanI viSama paristhitine aMge, vArasAmAM maLela saMkucita rAjyahadane sAcavI rAkhavAmAMja jIvana vyatIta karavuM paDayuM hatuM te sAbita thAya che. samrATa priyadarzinanA samaye magadha sAmrAjya sarvoparI utkRSTa sthAne pahoMcyuM (juo pu. 3mAM tene nakaze) hovA chatAM, tenA vArasadAre dharmajhanunI temaja tuMDamIjAjI rAjanIti grahaNa karavAthI kevI rIte sAmrAjya ekadama bhAMgI paDayuM hatuM, tathA tenI pAchaLa rAjalagAma saMbhALanAra zuMgavaMzI rAja amala ke hAlakaDolaka sthitimAM pasAra thaye jato hato tene acche khyAla ApavA sAthe, dakSiNa hiMdamAM paNa majabUta hAthe kAma laI zake tevA be traNa nRpatio thayA hovA chatAM, temane svagRha sAcavI rAkhavA jevI nItija akhatyAra karI saMtoSa le paDayo hato te darzAve che. zuMgavaMzI amalanA aMte rAtrI divasa ujAgarAmAM divase pasAra karI, kSaharATa nahapANanA rAja amalamAM kAMIka "hA-A-za" bhegavI rahela tathA nirAMte dhaMdhedhApa khelI rahela prajAmAM, pAche zaka prajAne amala AvatAM, hatheLImAM jIva laIne saghaLo samaya je pasAra karavo paDato hato temAMthI zakAri vikramAditya-gardabhIle, naM. 17 AMdhrapatinI kumaka laI sArAye uttara hiMdamAM zAMtinuM sAmrAjya sthApyuM hatuM tathA prajAe te banAvanI khuzAlImAM tenA nAmane saMvatsara calAvI kRtajJatA batAvI aNapheDana karyuM hatuM, te sthiti uttara hiMdanI jema batAvI Ape che, tema dakSiNa hiMdamAM te, kema jANe

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AkRti nA varNana naM. naM. pRSTha 26 5 7 . 18 kAMI ja banavA na pAmyuM hoya ane sarvatra zAMti ane zAMtija vyApta thaI rahelI hAya te pramANe, naM. 7 thI 17 AMdhrapatinA rAjaamalanI sthitinuM darzana thayA kare che, te bAda uttara hiMdamAM gardabhIlavaMzI vikramacaritranA parAkramanA pratApe, TheTha kAzmirasudhI jema rAjyasattA dRDha karI zakAI hatI, tema dakSiNa hiMdamAM paNa tevAja pramaLa pratApI ane vIrazirAmaNI rAjA hAla naM. 18 AMdhrapatinA samaye, peAtAnA AkhAye vaMzanA trIse rAjAo karatAM, rAjya vistAra vadhavAnI sAthe siMhaladvIpamAM paNa tenI hAka vAgI rahI hatI te khatAvavAmAM AvyuM che. 13-14 kAInI sthiti sarvadA, uccazikhare TakI rahetIja nathI paricchede ane TakI rahe teA pachI duniyAnuM jIvana nirasa banI jAya. eTale kAMI uMcuM nIcuM thavA jevuM kudarata karyAM ja kare che. AMdhravaMzanA lalATe te niyama anubhavamAM utaravAnuM nirmANa thayuM dekhAya che. prathama tA eka pachI eka evA anukrama, teja ane chAyArUpe, keTalAMka varSa sudhI naM. 19 thI 24nA rAjya daramyAna pravatatA rahe che ane na. 25 ane 26nA amala khatama thatAM, uttara hiMdanA avaMtipati caNuvaMzIonA DALeA dakSiNa hiMda tarapha utarI paDatA dekhAya che. pariNAme mahArASTranA uttara bhAga khAlI karI temane vizeSa dakSiNatara haeNThI javuM paDayuM hoya ema samajAya che (juo pu. 4mAM kaniSka bIjAnA nakaze). ane aMte hiMdabharanA--make sArIye duniyAnA savarAjavaMzeAmAM 688 varSa jeTaluM dIgha tama AyuSya lAgavI AMdhravaMzane ItihAsanA paTa uparathI sadAne mATe vilIna thavuM paDayuM che. 234

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anukrama viSaya pUrNAMka viSaya paSTaka ekAdazama khaMDa paMcama tathA SaSama paricacheda prathama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) 1 thI 45 lekhenA bhAvArthamAM paDatA matazatavahana vaMza athavA zAtavaMza bhedanA khulAsA A vaMzane apAyelA sAta nAmanI noMdha 2 te sarvanA ekatra sArarUpe racelAM be keSTa ke 126 (1) temAMnA prathama nAma AMdhrane lagatI samajUti 2 (2) dvitIya nAma aMdha saptama pariccheda , , 6 (3) tRtIya zAta ane zata viSenI ,, , 8 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) (4) caturtha zAtavahana vizenI samajUti ,, 9 (1) rAjA zrImukha zAtakaraNinuM jIvana vRttAMta 136 (5) paMcama zAtakaraNi y , 13 adharAjyanI sthApanA, kula, jAti tathA (6) SaSama zAlivAhana vaMza I. nI mAhitI (7) saptama AMdhrabhutya , , 17 (2) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi 147 dvitIya pariccheda vadatazrI zAtakaraNi 15ra zatahavana vaMza (cAlu) aSTama pariccheda tenA samayanI carcA tathA nirNaya 22 zatavahana vaza (cAlu) rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvaLI tathA (3) zrIkRSNa pahele; vAsichiputra 156 rAjyakALa viSe (4) vasatazrI malika zAtakaraNiAkhA vaMzanI kepTakAkAre vaMzAvaLI viliyakurasa 158 tRtIya pariccheda (5) pUrNasaMga mADhariputra navama paricacheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) AMdhaprajAnI utpattinuM varNana judI gAdI ane vaMza sthApavAnAM kAraNo 53 mI zilAlekhanAM kAraNu tathA samaya 170 AMdhone lagato ItihAsa - 59 (7) vAsiddhiputra zAtakaraNi-zatavahana sAtama 182 caturtha paricacheda dazama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) zatavAhana vaMza (cAlu) rAjagAdInAM sthAna vizenI hakIkata 68 (8) laMbedara (9) Apilika (10) Avi 194 temanAM nAma, ane dharmavizenI keTalIka (11) medasvAti pahelo 194 samajAti ja dharmanuM mahatva ane prakhyAlekhana 196 46

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pRSThaka viSaya paSaka 199 20 viSaya (12) saidAsa urphe saMghasvAti trayodazama paricheda (13)medasvAti bIjo (14) mRgendra (15) zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) svAtikarNa 201 (19) maMtalaka (20) puridrasena (21) suMdara (rara) ' (16) mahendra dIpakarSi gautamIputra 209 cakera ane (23) zIvasvAti 256 ekAdazama pariccheda zakasaMvata ane zIvasvAti saMbaMdhe samAlocanA 258 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) zakasaMvatanA saMbhavitapaNuM vizene khyAla 264 (17) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi; ariSTakaNuM 213 vastusthiti tyAre zI rIte dhaTAvI zakAya ? 268 tenA jIvananA rasamaya banAvonuM varNana 215 caturdazama paricheda bhinnabhinna upanAma-birUdanA bhedanI samajUtira18 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) amarAvatInuM AyuSya tathA paracuraNa bAbato 225 (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi ane (25) catrapaNa vAsiddhiputra 274 dvAdazama pariccheda gadaMbhIla ane zatavAhana vaMzanA saMbaMdhanI zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) samajUti 279 (18) vAsiddhiputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI pahelo (25) gautamIputra yajJazrI urphe pulumAvI bIje 281 (27) zIvathI vAsiSThiputra (28) zivadha uphe hAla zAlivAhana 232 gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI vAsiddhiputra rAjyavistAra ane navanarasvAmi vize 234 ane (30 thI 32) chellA traNa rAjAo 283 rAjA hAla ane kuMtala vizenI oLakha 237 keTalIka paracuraNa bAbate ane puravaNI 285 rAja hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti 238 "prAcIna bhAratavarSane aMge uThela carcAnA zakasaMvata ane tenA saMbaMdha vizenI ane praznonA khulAsAo 290 vidhavidha daSTi 246 samayAvaLI, cAvI, zuM ane kayAM. cUo,tathA kadaMba sAthenI AMdhranI graMthI 25 zuddhipatraka I. I.

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bh h h h h dvipatraka AmAM muphanA doSane ke joDaNInI azuddhine samAveza karyo nathI. azuddha dezanuM dezame pUrvathI pazcimathI 8 2 13 zAtarAjAra3 zAtarAja 13 1 30 saMvata 199NanA saMvata 1985nA 24 1 dastsd lasted 25 2 11 I. sa. pU. ra77 26 2 33 pR. 0 upara A rie AgaLa upara 29 1 16 vaMza je vaMzaje vaMza je vaMzaje gAthAsaptati gAthAsaptazatI saMgrahakartA 416 53 1 15 413 thI 378 415 thI 372 54 1 13 prathamanA pahelAM 57 2 2: pR. 13 TIka . 47. 5. 13 eka naM. 49 58 1 2 samo samajo 71 1 4 I. sa. pU. 80 i. sa. pU. 47 pu. 1mAM 11 ApaNe pu. 1mAM ApaNe 72 1 26 joi gayA chIe joI gayA chIe TIka naM. 1 lekha . paNa 100 2 30 pR. 43 TI. naM. 21 5. 5ra TI. naM. 24 102 1 2 TI. naM. 30 TI. na. 22 to have required to have reigned 106 2 15 gAthAsaptatI bRhatakathA 114 1 28 TI. na. 12 TI. na. 19 115 1 0 129-148 129-138 brAhmI sAthe ' bhASA sAthe 456 m m ` my - -

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pU. ma pR. 122 1 15 1rara 2 G 122 kuTaneTa (22) 123 2 lo 124 124 129 131 8 133 1 144 2 chellI 16 1 2 28 166 2 167 2 27 167 2 30 185 1 32 28 1 21 211 2 9 2 11 8 . - 16 14 29 2372 241 1 248 2 250 1 12 302 1 28 300 1 21 318 ra 19 334 1 20 pR. 2 thI 80 sudhI bevaDA naMbaranA pRSThanA mathALe 213, 15 nA mathALe 244, 45, 37, 9 nA mathALe azuddha kaniSka ApaNA pU. 3 pracamanI lAina AkhIne cha AkhI kADhI nAkhavI pu. 3 pR. 183 pitAnA 261 + 9 = 270 gAthA saptatA I. sa. pU. 298 i. sa. 146 pR. 4, pR. 11-12 381-317 = 54 I. sa. pUra rAjyakALanA 256 i. sa. pU. 418 STikarNa 444 ane 544 ma. saM. jyAM jyAM kathAsaritsAgara prasiddha 232 nivruta siriyAnA lekha naM. 19 415 thI 42 anusAra aSTamakheDa ekAdaza ekAdazama zuddha kaniSka ApaNA pU. 4 dAmane peAtAnI.........sAbita thAya che. ( ATalI be lAina rAkho ) pR. 2 pR. 183 peAtAnA 249 + 9 = 258 gAthA samata I. sa. pU. 300 i. sa. parada pR. 4, pR. 51-para 301-317 = 54 ma. sa. umaranA 270 i. sa. pU. 47 ariSThakanuM i. sa. pU. 83 ane aMte } i. sa. 17 tyAM tyAM mRtakathA prasiddhi 226 niyukta sAiinanA lekha naM. 1 tathA 19 417 thI 415 sAra ekAdazamakhaMDa ekAdazama dvAdazama

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------------------ ekAdazama khaMDa ---------------------------------------------

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prathama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza athavA zAtavaMza TUMka sAra- caMdravaMzI rAjAone je judA judA sAta nAmothI ItihAsakAroe oLakhAvyA che te nAmonI zuddhi azuddhi batAvavAne sevela prayatna- (1) prathama nAma aMdha (2) ane bIju nAma AMdhra che, temAM aMdha zabda pradeza vAcI che chatAM tenI adyApi paryata nirdiSTa thayela hada anizcita che tethI, temaja AMdhra zabda prajAsUcaka che tethI, A vaMzane AMdhravaMza kahI zakAya, paraMtu aMdha na kahI zakAya; tenI sAbitI mATe batAvela aneka zilAlekhI ane sikkAi purAvA tathA dalIle- L (3) zata-eTale 100; A sAlamAM te vaMzanI utpatti thavAthI te rAjAo zAta paNa kahevAtA ema batAvelA zAstrokta tathA aneka vidha purAvA-A 100 ne AMka kayA saMvatane heI zake tathA te uparathI temanA dharma upara paDato prakAza-(4) zAta vahana, zatavahana; ane zAtavAhana, zatavAhana-AmAM zata ane zAtanI samajUti, upara naM. 3mAM apAI gaI che. bAkI rahetA zabdamAM, vahana ane vAhananI batAvavAmAM AvelI zaddhi azuddhi-lagabhaga dazeka vidvAnonA vicAro TAMkI A viSaya karAyela hovAthI temAMthI ubhI thatI rasamayatA (5) zatakaraNi, zAtakaraNi-temAM naM. 4 nI peThe prathamAkSaro zata ane zAta chebAkI raheto zabda karaNi athavA te uparathI AnumAnika kaNi; emAMthI kayo vyAjabI che, te temanA jIvanavRttAMta uparathI vicArAyuM che, paraMtu te e ke baMdhabesatA thatA na hovAthI tenA zabda ukelamAM kAMI khalanA thavAnI vakkI che, athavA zuM zabda hoI zake tenAM kAraNa batAvI karelI carcA-(6) zAlivAhana, zAlavAhana tathA zAlavAna-A zabda te vaMzanA sarva rAjAone lagADI zakAya ke temAMnI kevaLa ekAda vyaktine ja (7) tathA aMdhabhUtyane ke AMdhrabhUtyane upayoga paNa naM. 6 nI peThe amuka aMze maryAdita che ke vyApaka che, tenI karelI carcA-vidvAnoe aMdhabhutyanA ane zuMgabhUtyanA besArela arthamAMthI, dalIlapUrvaka batAvI Apela samajUti chevaTe uparanA sava' vivecanane tAravIne Apela TuMka sAra.

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rAtavAhana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza prathamamAM AMdhra zabda tapAsI le sugama thaI bhinna bhinna graMthakAroe A vaMzane je zabdothI paDaze eTale tenI ja vicAraNA karIzuM. tenuM vivecana oLakhAvyo che temAM nIcenA mukhya najare paDe che karatAM mazahura ItihAsakAra vinseTa smitha lakhe che (2) aMdha (1) (3) zAta athavA zata (4) ke, Andhra nation, a Dravidian people zAtavAhana, zatavahana ke zatavAhana (5) zAlivAhana, now represented by the large popuzAlivAhana ke zAlavAhana ane zAlavAna (6) zatakaraNi lation, speaking the Telugu language, athavA zatakaraNi (7) ane AMdhrabhRtya athavA occupied the deltas of the Godavari aMprabhutya. and the Krishna on the eastern side A zabdamAMthI kayA vAstavika rIte A vaMzanI of India and was reputed to possess sAthe joDI zakAya tevA che tathA zAmATe joDI zakAya a military force, second only to that tema che teno vicAra karIne kaMIka chevaTa upara je at the command of the Prasii ChanApaNe AvI zakIe to AkhAye vaMzanA itihAsa dragupta Maurya-je prajAne meTa samuha upara kaIka ane prakAza paDe tema che. ane tema vartamAnakALe telugu bhASA bole che, te asala gaNAtI thatAM, tenA pratyeka bhUpatinA vRttAMta AlekhavAno DravIDIananA pratinidhirUpa che; AMdhraprajA paNa te baje bahudhA ghaNo ja haLa thaI paDavA paNa saMbhava vIDIana ja che. temaNe hiMdanA pUrva kinAre Avela che. A kAraNathI te viSayanI vicAraNA prathama godAvarI ane kRSNa nadI vaccenA duAbamAM thANuM hAtha dharIzuM. jamAvyuM hatuM. vaLI temanuM rAjakIyabaLa-lazkaranI (1) AMdhra pUrNatAnI dRSTie-prAsI caMdragupta mauryanA lazkara upara darzAvelA sAta nAmo jema zata athavA karatAM ja mAtra utaratuM bIje naMbare hevAnuM gaNAtuM zAta, zatavAhana athavA zAtavAhana, zAlivAhana hatuM. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, mairya caMdraguptanA zAlivAhana, zatakaraNi athavA zAtakaraNa, aMdhrabhutya samaye AMdhraprajA bahu jorAvara gaNutI hatI ane athavA AMdhrabhutya, ema babe nAmanuM joDakuM gaNAvAyuM temaNe godAvarI ane kRSNa nadInA mukha vaccenA che tema aMdha ane apranuM paNa eka yugmaja lekhavavuM duAbavALA pradezamAM ja saMsthAna jamAvyuM hatuM. A joItuM hatuM. paraMtu tema na karatAM bannene judA pADI sarvane sAra e thayo ke AMdhra nAmanI te eka batAvavA paDayA che te paNa sakAraNa che te vAMcaka prajA ja che. vaLI temane maLatA ja abhiprAya De. pAte ja svataH temanA zIrSaka nIce jaNAvelI psana nAmanA eka bIjA vidvAna dharAvatA jaNAve hakIkata' uparathI samajI zakaze. che ke: "The earliest mention of the (1) AmAMnA "AMkanI" vigata mATe AgaLa upara che, eTale svAbhAvika rIte siddha thaI gayuM ke, rAjA zrImukhane "ema" zabda juo. samaya caMdragupta mauryanI pUrve hatA. jayAre pAchA ene (2) a. hi. I. bIjI AvRtti, pR. 206. e ja vidvAne rAjA zrImukhane, zuMgavaMzI puSyamitrane braha (3) vIDIana prajAnA pratinidhirUpa che ema pote spatimitra TharAvIne temane samakAlIna TharAvI rahyA che. bAlyA che paraMtu A pramANe mAnI levAnuM koI kAraNa eTale ke zrImukhane, caMdragupta maurya pachI keTaleya kALe thayelA jo ke darzAvatA ja nathI. puSyamitrane sahamayI banAve che. A badhuM kevuM asaMgata che. (4) caMdraguptanA samaye AMdhraprajAnuM baLa bIje naMbare te sthiti ja batAve che ke, temanI mAnyatA-zrImukhane zugavaMzI gaNAtuM hatuM. eTale caMdraguptanA samayanI pUrve AMdhraprajAnI puSyamitranA samakAlIna paNAnI (juo. pu. 4mAM khAravelanuM utpatti thaI hatI eTale te A u5rathI siddha thayuM. tema vRttAMta pR. 25-66) kheTA pAyA upara racAyelI che. bIjI bAju aMbavaMzanA sthApaka tarIke zrImukhane gaNAvAya (5) ke. A. re. prastAvanA pa. 15.

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- - - - prathama pariccheda ] zatavahana vaMza [3 Andhra seems to occur in a passage godAvarI nadIo vacce Avela telugu dezanuM saMskRtamAM of Aiterreya Brahaman (B. C. 500 apradeza athavA AMdhra prajAne pradeza kahevAya che." composition date roughly ) in which temanuM kathana taddana spaSTa che kayAMya zaMkAne sthAna nathI they are enumerated among the tribes eTale tapAsavuM rahe che ke aMdhradeza ane AMdhraprajAne of South India. Their home then, as sabaMdha hovAne zI rIte mAnI levAmAM AvyuM che. in later times, was no doubt the jo ke "aMdha' zabda vizenI vicAraNuM ApaNe have Telugu country on the eastern side pachInA zIrSaka taLe karavAnA chIe, eTale tyAM te of India between the rivers of Kri- saMbaMdhI vistRtapaNe jaNAvIzuM chatAM atra prazna upashna and Godavari-erIya brAhmaNa nAmano sthita thayo che te saMkSiptamAM paNa jaNAvavuM paDaze ja. graMtha jenI racanA I. sa. pUrve 500 AzaremAM thayAnuM majakara mi. ressane je aMtarIya brAhmaNa graMthane gaNAyuM che tenA eka vAkayamAM AMdhranuM nAma pahelI racanA samaya i. sa. pUrve 500 Azarene jaNAvyA ja vAra va5rAyuM jaNAya che. temAM tene dakSiNa hiMda- che. eTale te samaya sudhI "AMdhra" nAmathI AMdhra mAMnI aneka jAtiomAMnI eka tarIke lekhAvI che. nAmanI prajA ja samajAtI hatI. aMdha nAmane kaI pAchaLanA samayanI peThe te samaye paNa temanuM vatana deza hato ke nahIM te temAMthI nIkaLatuM nathI. temaja pu. hiMdanA pUrva kinAre Avela kRSNa ane godAvarI 1, pR. 49mAM jaina ane bauddhagraMtha pramANe AryAvartI nadIonI vaccenA telugu dezamAM hatuM te nizaMka che." dezanA je 25-25 deze kahevAtA hatA temanAM ATale darajaje A banne vidvAno ekamata thatA nAme ApyAM che temAM paNa pradezanuM nAma najara jaNAyA kahI zakAze, ke AMdhra nAmanI eka prajA che paDatuM nathI eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke, te samayanA ane temanuM asala vatana hiMdanA pUrva kinAre kRSNa vaidika, baiddha ane jena ema traNe saMpradAyanA keIpaNa ane godAvarI nadInA DeTA (duAba)vALA pradezamAM graMthakArane "aMdhaza" e zabda paricita hato ja nahIM, hatuM, teo DevIDIana prajAnA aMza samAna che; tathA paraMtu pelo prakhyAta cinAI musAphara mi. hyuena vartamAnakALe temanA dezane ane temanI bhASAne telugu zAMga jyAre hiMdamAM Avyo tyAre je 80 rAjyo nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. paNa temAM kayAMya vidyamAna hatAM temanAM nAma teNe jaNAvyAM che temAM e ullekha karAyo nathI ke te AMdhra prajAnA dezane aMdhradezanuM nAma jarUra dekhAya che ja ( juo 5 1 aMdhradeza paNa kahevAtuM hatuM, chatAM pAchaLanA vidvAna pU. 64); jethI mAnavuM rahe che ke, I. sa. pUrve 500 mi. kaeNpsana AgaLa jatAM potAnA pustakamAM jaNAve ane I. sa. 6nI sadI vaccenA agiyAra varSanA che ke "Andhra Desa or the country gALAmAM keIka samaye te "aMdhaza'ne lagatI mAnyatA of the Andhras is a sanskrit name for pravezavA pAmI haze. kayA kAraNathI tema banavA pAmyuM the Telugu country lying between the haze te je ke jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI paNa banavA rivers Krishna and Godavari-kRSNa ane joga che ke, vyAkaraNanA niyamAnusAra, aMdha dezamAM (6) yugapurANamAM A rAjAone " zAta" nAmathI (mAruM TIpaNa; pAzcAtya vidvAnoe AvI rIte aneka aMbedhyA che. (juo pu. 4, pR. 19-20mAM buddhiprakAza- ThekANe kAraNa ApyA vinA anumAna karI besADI dIdhAM mAMthI karelAM avataraNe). che ne tevAM kathanane satya nirNaya tarIke bIjA vihAra (7) "ha" e nizcayakAraka zabda to temaNe vAparyo e svIkArI lIdhAM che. A paNa eka jAtanI baliche paNa sarakhA uparanI TIkA, naM. 5 nuM lakhANa.) A hArI ja ne ?) pramANe mAnI levAnuM temaNe koI kAraNu ja batAvyuM nathI, (8) jue ke, A. ke. prastAvanA 5, ,

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zatavahana vaza [ aSTama khaMDa je prajA vasatI hoya tene "AMdha' kahevAya ane laIne karavAmAM Avyo dekhAya che. prajAno deza te aMpradeza kahevAya A pramANe kadAca bIjI rIte vicAratAM paNa temane aMdhrapati tarIke banavA pAmyuM hoya. kahI zakIe tema nathI jaH aMdhrapati eTale aMdha - A bAbatamAM sAMpradAyika graMtho uparAMta te dezane rAjA; eTale zabdArtha pramANe te emaja thayuM prajAnA rAjAo pote ja potA mATe athavA te ke, te vaMzanA rAjAnA adhikAramAM sarvadA saMpradeza mayanA anya rAjAe temane mATe, zuM kahevA mAMge jaLavAI rahelI ja hovI joI e; ane aMdhrapati che te paNa ApaNe tapAsavAnuM rahe che. AvI tapAsa zabda vAparanAra vidvAnI mAnyatA pramANe aMdha mATenA sAdhanomAM zilAlekho ane sikkAo ja deza to tene ja kahI zakAya che ke je pradeza kRSNa vizeSa vizvasanIya che. AmanA pitAnA zilA- ane godAvarI nadInA mukha vaccene duAba banI lekhemAM mukhyatayA nAsika, nAnAvATa, junnara, rahyo che. paraMtu ItihAsa ApaNane zikhavI rahyo che kaherI AdinA gaNI zakAya temaja anya rAjavI- ke te pradezaupara te, jema A vaMzanA rAjAonI enAmAM, cakravata khAravelano hAthIguMphAvALo gaNAya. sattA e samaye jAmI paDI hatI tema temanA ja temaja sikkAomAM paNa temanA pitAnA nAmavALA jIvanakALamAM teja prAMta upara cakravartI khAravela ane lekhI zakAya. A sarva zilAlekhe ane sikkAone cabraNavazI rUdradAmana AdinI sattA paNu jAmavA ukela jyAMsudhI vartamAnakALe jaNAya che tyAMsudhI pAmI hatI. tethI aMdhrapati eTale pradezanA kaImAM paNa aMdha ke tene lagatuM adha, AMdhratyAH adhipati jevuM vyApaka artha banAvatuM koI saMbodhana, ke AMdhrapati jevuM kaMI paNa nAma athavA vizeSaNa A AMdhraprajAnA rAjavIo mATe vAparavuM vyAjabI joDavAmAM AvyuM hoya ema dekhAtuM nathI. temaNe gaNI zakAya nahIM. bAkI AMdhraprajAnA rAjavI, evo pote pitA mATe te zata, ke tene ja maLatAM sAta bhAva darzAvatuM AMdhrapati nAmanuM birUda temane lagADaane zatavahana ke zAtavAhana jevAM tathA sAta ke vAmAM ane temanA vaMzane AMbavaMza kahevAmAM kAMIja sAtakaraNi" jevAM ja birUdI lagADayAM che. jyAre ayukta gaNI zakAya nahIM. khAravela jevAe temane mAtra sAtakaraNinA uparamAM je ApaNe jaNAvyuM ke A vaMzanA nAmathI ja saMbodhyA che. matalaba e thaI ke A rAjAonI rAjya hakumatamAM aMdhradeza sarvadA raho vaMzane aMta, je I. sa.nA trIjA saikAnI madhyamAM nathI. te mATe temane sarvadA ane sarvathA aMdhrapati A gaNAya che tyAMsudhI te temane keAI e aMdhra kahI zakAya tema nathIH tevI ja rIte te paristhitimAM dezanA rAjA eTale aMdhapati tarIke athavA to rahenAra eTale ke aMdhadeza upara Adhipatya bhogavanAra aMdhabhatyAka tarIke varNavyA ja nathI dekhAtA. tAtparya rAjA khAravelane ke cajharvazI rUdradAmanane athavA e thayo ke I. sa. nA trIjA saikAthI mAMDIne mi. te te kALa pachI je anya rAjavaMzIe te mulakanA yuenasAMga I. sa. nA chaThThA saikAnI AdimAM jyAre svAmI banI beThA hatA temane keAIne aMdhrapati hidanA pravAse AvyA, te be vaccenA lagabhaga traNaso tarIke, athavA tene ja lagatuM nAma joDI batAvIne ItivarSanA gALAmAM ja aMdhrapati ke aMdhabhatyAH (AMdhrapati hAsakAroe paNa saMbodhyA nathI ja. eTale spaSTa " ke AMdhrabhUtyAra) e zabdano prayoga game te kAraNone thAya che ke aMdhadezane ane AMdhraprajAne asalanA (9) Ane lagatI vizeSa hakIkata te zabdanI vicAraNu karatI vakhata jaNAvAze; tyAMthI joI levI. (10) uparanI TIkA naM. 9 juo. (11) jue pu. 4 pR. 277mAM hAthIguphA lekhanI sarva paMktionuM avataraNa; khAsa karIne paMDita pAMcamI.

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prathama pariccheda ] samaye prAcIna itihAsakArAnI mAnyatA pramANe krAi pazu matalakhanA, kAryakaraNane-saMbaMdha nahAtA ja; paraMtu pAchaLathI ja A banne nAmeAne arasaparasa bheLavI nAkhavAmAM AvyA dekhAya che. vizeSamAM ke, aMgrejI itihAsakArAe bhale banne zabdone yathArtha svarUpamAM samajIne ja upayAga karyo haze, paraMtu tenA vAcakane A zabdanA gUDha rahasyanI ke temAM rahela tAratamyanI barAbara samaja rahI nahIM haiAya eTale ekanI jagyAe khIjo zabda lakhavAmAM tathA vAcavAmAM ( uccAra karatAM) vAparyoM gayA heAya ema paNa banavAjoga che, aMdeza ane AMdhraprajAne kAMI saMbaMdha na hAvAnuM atyAra sudhI tA rAjakIya dRSTie ja eTale ku rAjyAdhikAranAM sUtra grahaNa karyAnI apekSAe ja ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe, paraMtu mi. repsana sAhe uDAvela praznanA, te prajAnA utpatti sthAna tarIkenA che. eTale temanuM kahevuM ema che ke aMdha dezamAM je prajAnuM saMsthAna heAya tene AMdhra kahevAya. A mAnyatA saMsthAnanI utpattisthAna tarIkenI kharAkhara che ke kema te have tapAsIe. zatavahana za aMdhradezane lagatI vizeSa hakIkata te| have pachI AvavAnI che. atre mAtra ApaNA khapocuM ja vivecana karIzuM. DaoN. raeNpsane AMdhraprajAnI utpatti tarIke jo ke kRSNA ane ge|dAvarI nadInA mukha vaccenA pradeza, aterIya brAhmaNa graMthanA AdhAre anumAna karIne jaNuAnyeA che paraMtu temanA mata sAthe anya vidvAne saMmata thatA hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. DaoN. vI. esa. sukhathaMkara nAmanA vidvAna jaNAve eka "Their orignal home was in Bellary district=temanuM mULa vatana elArI jIllAmAM hatuM. A abhiprAyane maLatA ja mata enelIsIjha Ak dhI bhAMDArakara insTITayuTa pu. 1. pu. 22 te AgaLa (Analysis of the Bhan .. (12) A ke. hi, iM. pR. pa8. (13) ja, khAM. spre, rA. e. seA. 1927, pR. 45 ane AgaLa. [ pa darker's Institute, vol. I, Pp. 22 and seq.)mAM kahevAtA AMdhravaMzI rAjAonA utpatti sthAna vize-On the home of the so-called Andhra kings nAmanA lekhamAM darzAvAyala che, jyAre anya sthaLe13 jaNAvela che ke, * Their original home was not Andhra desa. They did not hail from the east--In the version of the origin of the dy nasty given in Kathasarit-sagar, the founder of the dynasty is said to have been born at Paithan; even the language of their inscriptions is some kind of proto-Maharastri with no affinity with the Telugu, the language of the Andhras-temanuM mULa vatana aMdhradeza nahAtA ja. teo pUrvamAMthI utarI AvyA nathI14. kathAsarita sAgara nAme graMthamAM A vaMzanI utpati viSe je AkhyAyikA utArI che temAM A vaMzanA sthApakanA janma paiThaNumAM thaye hAvAnuM jaNAvyuM che. uparAMta temanA zilAlekhAnI bhASA paNa keTaleka darajje mahArASTrIyanA namunArUpa che. temaja AMdhraprajAnI bhASA ne telugu gaNAya che tenI sAthe kAMI ja saMbaMdha vinAnI dekhAya che. ATaluM jaNAvIne peAtAnA abhiprAya vyakta karI de che ke "These facts fully justify the conclusion that Satavahans were not Andhras=AvA purAvAthI saMpUrNa rIte nyAyapuraH sara Thare che ke, zAtavAhana (nAmanA rAjA) AMdhra prajAmAMnA nahAtA ja15". ATalA lAMkhA tArA te lekhaka mahAzaye zAtavAhana rAjAne AzrayIne lakhyA dekhAya che. ema temanA ja zabdothI spaSTa thaI jAya che. eTale dekhItuM che ke temane abhiprAya AMdhraprajAnA vatanane aMge je sthiti pravartatI hAya (14) majakura pustaka pR. 49. (15) sarakhAvA pR. 9 thI AgaLanuM lakhANa ane tenI TIkAo.

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zatavahana vaza [ aThThama khaDa bhAMDArakara sAheba lakhe che ke17 "It must have at the early period comprised Jaipur and part of Vizagapatam district of the Madras Presidency, along with some conterminous districts of Central Provinces; and it is not at all impossible that it may have also included the southern parts of the Nizam's dominions and the Kistna and Godavari districts, corresponding to modern Telingana18=madrAsa ilAkAnA jayapura ane vijhAgApaTama jIllAnA gheADA bhAga uparAMta, tenI sarahade aDeAaDa Avela madhya prAMtanA keTalAka jallAonA temAM (aMdhradezamAM) pUrva samaye samAveza patA haze; ane ema banavuM paNa amaMbhavita nathI ke nijhAmI riyAsatanA dakSiNa bhAgane tathA jene vartamAnakALe telaMgaNu kahevAmAM Ave che tevA, kRSNA ane gAdAvarI jIllAone paNa temAM samAveza karI devAtA hAya." peAtAnA abhiprAya A pramANe vyakta karatAM temaNe kAI anya purAvAnA AdhAra levA karatAM, svamaMtavya ja raju karyuM hAya, ema temanA zabdogArathI samajAya che. eTale te upara ApaNe kAMI nukatecInI karavI rahetI nathI; paraMtu mAlUma paDe che ke rAjA zrImukha, jene A AMdhravaMzanA sthApaMka gaNavAmAM Ave che, tenA rAjyavistAranI parisImA upara, peAtAnI najara TheravIne ja temaNe upara pramANe aMdhradezanI sarahadanuM nirmANa karyuM dekhAya che. jyAre rAjA khAravelanA hAthIguphAnA lekhavarNana uparathI ApaNane bhALa thAya che ke, te samayanA arasAmAM ja majakura rAjA zrImukhanI utpatti thaI hatI ane temanA kathana pramANe ja, jo vastusthiti hoya tA te sarva pradeza AMdhraprajAnI rAjahakumatamAM ja gaNavA rahe; paraMtu te ja zilAlekhanA adhyayana uparathI te 6 ] tene anulakSIne sarvanAze uccArAyA che ema teA na ja kahI zakAya. paraMtu AMdhraprajA ane zAtavAhana-zatavahana eka ja che--athavA bahu teA prathama sthiti prajAnA aMza tarIke lakhAi che ema jyAre ApaNe "zatavahana" zabdanA vivecana karatI vakhate sAbita karI batAvIzuM tyAre mAnavuM paDaze ke temanA abhiprAya vAstavika che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, temanA mata pramANe AMdhraprajAnA utpatisthAna tarIke aMdezane gaNI nahIM zakAya. A pramANe AMdhraprajAnA rAjAonI rAjakAraNamAM maLelI sattAprAptinI dRSTie, temaja temanA utpatisthAnanI dRSTie, ema baMne rIte tapAsI jotAM have sAbita thai gayuM ke, aMdezane ane AMdhraprajAne krAi jAtane saMbaMdha nathI ja. AgaLanA trIjA paricchede paNu Aja hakIkata vistArapUrvaka samajAvavAmAM AvI che. bhUlavuM joituM nathI ke A pramANenA nirNaya je ApaNe derI batAvyA che, te tA mAtra e traNa vidvAnAnA matanI khArIka tapAsa karyAM bAda ane te paNa temaNe mAnI lIdhelA utpattisthAnanA sthaLanI vicAraNA bAda karI batAvela che parantu amArA mate te AMtraprajAnuM utpatisthAna ja aMdhradezane khadale kyAMya anya bhUmimAM16 chUpAyeluM paDayuM che. te AMdhraprajAne ane aMdezane paNa krAi prakAranA saMbaMdha hAi na zake ema vaLI era vizeSa aMze puravAra thai jatuM dekhAze. (ra) adha uparamAM AMdhra zabdaviSenuM vivecana karatAM, e eka vidvAnAnAM kathananA AdhAre ema jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, aMdra te dezavAcaka zabda che ane te dezanuM sthAna kRSNA ane gAdAvarI nadInA mukha vaccenA DaeNTAvALA pradeza gaNAtuM hatuM. tenA anusaMdhAnamAM je kAMi vizeSa jANavAmAM AvyuM che te have raju karIzuM. aMdhradezanI mAhitI ApatAM DaoN. DI. Ara. (16) jIe pu. 1, na khIjAnuM ane navamAnuM jIvanavRttAMta. (17) jIe bhAM. . pR. 34. (18) ja, khAM, e. rA. e. seA. 1927 pR. 49,

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prathama paricchedra ] ema khulle che ke, temAMnA dhaNAkharA bhAga kayAranAe rAjA khAravelanA adhikAramAM AvI paDayA hatA. eTale evA anumAna upara AvavuM rahe che ke, aMdezanI temaNe dArI batAvela hada kharAkhara nathI. ane te anumAnane jo vizeSa laMkhAvIe te, ema paNa kadAca sAra kADhI zakAya ke, AMdhraprajAnuM utpattisthAna paNa te pradezamAM nahIM AvatuM hAya. AtA utpatti thayAnI najare ApaNe tapAsa karI che, chatAM jo tevA pradeza (aMdhrapradeza) upara temaNe hukumata calAvI hAvAnI daSTie vicAra karAtA hAya, te| paNa te muddo vyAjakhI TherAvI zakAya tema nathI. A vize eka vidvAne jaNAvyuM che ke19 "The mere mention of certain kings in the Puranas as Andhras and their identity with the names of the Satavahan kings as given in their epigraphic records cannot justify an inference that the Satavahanas were originally rulers of the Andhara Desha-purANAmAM keTalAka rAjAAnA kevaLa ullekha AMdhra tarIke karAyA hevAthI, temaja lekhAmAM temane zatavAhana rAjA tarIke oLakhAvyA heAvAthI evuM anumAna nyAyapUrvaka na ja kahI zakAya ke zatavAnA mULe aMdradeza upara rAjasattAdhArI hatA. zatavahana za eka vakhata amArI peAtAnI mAnyatA paNa evI baMdhAI hatI ke mahAbhAratamAM jene daMDakAraNya kahevAmAM AvyuM che, te araNyanA pradeza ja A AMdhraprajAnI utpatti sthAnavALA aMdhrapradezanA amuka bhAga haze ane te mAnyatAnA AdhAre tenI catuHsImA nIce pramANe kalpI hatI. uttare sAtapuDA parvata, dakSiNe tuMgabhadrA nadI, pazcime saghAMdrivALA lATa-parvatA ane [ 7 pUmAM eka siddhi lITI ke jenA uttara cheDA haidrAkhAdanA caMdAzaherathI AraMbhI dakSiNe kaDappAzahera sudhI laMkhAvI zakAya. eTale ke vidvAnee kRSNA ane gAdAvarInA mukha vaccenA duAmane te pradeza batAvyeA che tenI paNa pUrvathI ArabhIne, pazcima ghATa vaccenA sadhaLA vistAranA temAM samAveza thatA kalpyA hatA; kemake A araNyamaya pradezamAM khIceAkhIca vrukSA tathA vanarAjI AvI rahela heAvAthI temAM sUryanAM kiraNAnA bhAgye ja praveza thaI zakatA hatA. tethI divase paNa, AkhA araNyamAM aMdhakAranuM ja darzIna thayA karatuM hatuM; eTale tevI bhUmine baMdhare kahevAmAM kAMi vAMdhA jevuM naja lekhAya ane pachI jema aneka dRSTAMtamAM banatuM AvyuM che tema, A a~Sa zabdamAM kALakrame parivartana thatAM aMdhra zabda thavA pAmyA haiAya. paNa vizeSa abhyAsathI jyAre jANuvAmAM AvyuM ke, aMdezane ane AMdhraprajAne utpattinA sthAna paratve kAMI saMbaMdha ja nathI, temaja mahAbhAratanA samaye aMdradeza jevA zabda ja astitvamAM nahAtA, tyAre te kalpelI mAnyatAne tyAga karavA paDayA hatA. DaoN. khullura nAmanA vidvAnanuM maMtavya eka ThekANe20 raju thayuM che temAM nIce pramANe zabdo che-- " The place~names in Ganjam and Vigianagaram districts are to be regarded as Andhra colonies of East Deccan=gaMjAma ane vijayAnagara jIllAnA keTalAMka sthAnAnAM nAmeA ( evAM che ke jema ) ne AMdhraprajAnAM pUrve dakSiNamAMnA vasAhata sthAneA gaNI zakAya." matalaba ke temanuM maMtavya upara TAMkela, DA. bhAMDArakara sAhebanA kathana sAthe ceADeka aMze sAmya dharAvatuM dekhAya che. vaLI ( mA. viliyamsa kRta ) saMskRta-IM grejI zabdASamAM aMdra zabdanI vyAkhyA karatAM nirdeza (19) A Apu' vAkaya AgaLa upara AvavAnuM che tyAM tenA AdhAra jaNAvyA che. (20) A vAkya upara amArA vicArA AgaLa upara darzAvavAnA che (jIe "AMdhraprAnI utpatti vize "vALe| pArigrApha ). (21) jue. pu, 4, pR. 19 (temAM gu x va x sA.nA buddhiprakAza 1928, pu. 76 pR. 98nA utAra ApyA che te avataraNanA zabdo A pramANe che. " kaliMgapati zAtanI bhUminA bhUkhyA, te zAtAmAM uttama rAjA") vaLI jIe ja, AM. huM. rI. seA. pu. 2, bhAga 1 pR. 5-6,

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zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa che ke " The name of people (probably ema have vAcaka vargane spaSTapaNe samajAze. modern Telangana ); name of dynasty; (3) zAMta ane zata a man of law caste (The offspring of "zata" saMskRta zabda che. tene artha sogaOne a Vaideha father & Karwar mother, hundred thAya che. ane vyAkaraNanA niyamAnusAra who lives by killing game)-(1) prajAnuM nAma je purUSa zatavaMzane hoya te zAMta kahevAya che, jema che (ghaNuM karIne vartamAna telaMgaNa); (2) eka vaMzanuM videhadezane purUSa vaideha ane magadhano mAgadha kahevAya che nAma che: (3) zadajAtinI eka vyakti (jene pitA tema, pu. 4 mAM gardabhIlavaMzanuM varNana ApatAM ApaNe | vatanI che ane mAM kAravAra pradezanIce jaNAvyuM che ke, kalAkAe urjanapati rAjA gaMdharvache ke je zikAra karIne nirvAha calAve che ) " senane harAvIne tyAM svazAsana sthApita karyuM hatuM. (athavA jene ApaNe pAradhi athavA vAdharI kahIne temanA chellA rAjAe zakAri vikramAdityanA hastathI oLakhIe chIe te prakAranI prajA)=matalaba ke parAjaya pAmyA bAda, dakSiNanA svAmI zAMta rAjA aMdha zabdane temAM prajA vyakti ke vaMzadarzaka darzAvela sAthe yuddha karyuM hatuM, jemAM te zakarAjAnuM mRtyu che, nahIM ke sthAnadarzaka; paraMtu jyAre "vartamAna thayuM hatuM tathA te bAda daza varSe A zAta rAjaya tailaMgaNa" evA zabdathI spaSTIkaraNa karyuM che ane paNa maraNa pAmyo hato. A kathana varAhasaMhitAnA aMte tailaMgaNa zabda te pradezavAsI che tyAre bhramaNuM joDelA yugapurANanA adhyayanamAMthI uddharAyuM che. te utpanna thAya che ke, aMdrane temaNe dezavAcaka to nahIM uparathI sAbita thAya che ke te samaye, eTale I. sa. dhAryo hoya! paNa khulAse karI zakAya ke, telaMgaNa pU. 57 mAM je rAjAo dakSiNapati hatA temane dezamAM vasatA loke (People ) ne aMdha kahevAmAM zAta kahIne bolAvatA hatA ane uparamAM te zabdanI Ave che, tevI temanI kahevAnI matalaba paNa hoya. je vyAkhyA ApI batAvI che te uparathI samajAya game te arthamAM ho, chatAM temanA kahevAno Azaya che ke A vaMzane (zAtavaMzI rAjAone ) so varSanA samajI javAya tema che ja. AMka sAthe kAMIka saMbaMdha che che ne che ja. A pramANe A pramANe bhinna bhinna vidvAnonAM matadarzana eka hakIkata thaI. karyo. te uparathI ema sahaja tarI Ave che ke, teo bIjI bAju kaliMgapati rAjA khAravelanA hAthIsarva arasaparasa sahamata thatA nathI. eTale temanA guphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke teNe potAnA rAjyAkathana uparathI aMdradezanuM sthAna nizcayapUrvaka TharAvI rohaNa pachI bIje ja varSe (tene rAjyAbhiSeka ma. zakIe te sthitie ApaNe hajI pahoMcyA chIe, sa. 98mAM thayAnuM puravAra karyuM che23 eTale te hisAbe ema kahI zakAya tema nathI. temaja aMdhraprajAnA 98+1=ma. saM. 100 mAM A banAva banyo kahI vivaraNa karatI vakhate joI gayA chIe ke temanI zakAze), zrImukha zatakaraNi upara ekadama caDAI utpaninA sthAnavize paNa haju ApaNe anizcita karIne muzikanagara sudhI pAcho haThAvI dIdhA hatA. dazAmAM ja chIe. A prakAranA saMjogomAM, " aMdhra" kahevAno Azaya e che ke, zrImukha zatakaraNie tAjeane " Adha" banne zabdone, anya zabdayumenI taramAM ja pitAnI svataMtratA jAhera karIne rAjanagaranI peTa sAthe na joDatAM, chUTA pADIne ja darzAvavAnI sthApanA mATe tathA rAjyanuM kAMIka sImAbaMdhana karavA amane jarUra dekhAI che ane te vyAjabI ja che mATe, khAravelanA rAjapradeza upara AkramaNa laI javA (22) pu. 4, pR. 20 TIkA naM. 22 ane 24. pu. 271; tathA teja pustake pU.378 uparanI samayAvALImAM (23) jIo pu. 4mAM rAjA khAravelanuM jIvanavRttAMta, I. sa. pU. 42 = ma. saM. 98vALA banAvanuM nirUpaNa.

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prathama pariccheda ]. rAtavAhana vaMza mAMDayuM hatuM. jethI rAjA khAravele te zAtakaraNinI zata zabdane paNa lAgu paDe che, ema vAcaka mahAzaye kAMI paNa paravA karyA vinA 4 ke khulAso pUchavAmAM samajI levA vinaMti che. ane saMdezA calAvavAmAM samayanI barabAdI karyA vinA, (4) zAtavahana ane zatavahana tene dAbI devA mATe tAbaDatoba pratikArarUpe humalo athavA karyo hato. A uparathI samajAze ke zrImukhe pitAne zAtavAhana ane zatavAhana vaMza ma. sa. 100=I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM sthApIne 25 pR. 6mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, zAtavahana ane AMdhra svataMtratA jAhera karI hatI. A pramANe bIjI eka bIjAnA aMza rUpe che temaja uparamAM zata ane sthiti che. zAtanuM vivaraNa karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, te banne eka uparanI baMne sthitinuM ekIkaraNa karatAM samajAze ja rUpamAM gaNI zakAya tema che ane tenuM vivecana ke purANakAroe te vaMzanuM nAma je zata, athavA to zAtavahana zabda karavAmAM Avaze. tadanusAra atra te zAta (so nA AMka saMkhyA sAthe saMbaMdhavALa) pADayuM zabdanuM-zabdayugmanuM-spaSTIkaraNa karIzuM. che tathA te vaMzanA rAjAone zAta (so nA varSamAM vahana eTale vahevuM,=flowing, running or sthApita thayela vaMzanA) nAmathI varNavyA che te beginning to run evo artha thAya che, te vAstavika che. tathA te zabdano marma paNa upara uparathI zatavahananA AkhA zabdano artha "that pramANe samaja rahe che. one (family or dynasty) whose running A "zata" zabdanI sAthe "vahana' zabda has been in the year of 100; or the joDavAthI zatavahana thAya che ane zAtanI sAthe vahana family which has begun to run from joDatAM zAtavahana thAya che. temAM vahana eTale vahetuM the 100th year=evI vastu (kuTuMba, vaMza) ke thayela, gatimAM Avela, astitvamAM Avela, evo jenA vahananI Adi "sa'mA varSathI thaI che. eTale artha thAya che. pariNAme jevo bhAvArtha zata ane zAMta ke je vaMzanI zarUAta so mAre 6 varSathI thaI che evo zabdano thAya che. tevo ja ane tene anurUpa artha thayo kahevAya. ane te yathAyogya lAge che, jethI zatavahana tathA zAtavAhanane paNa thAya che. jethI hAla sAra e thAya che ke, "vahana' zabdane sthAne (pachI tarata te zabdano viSa adhikAra atra na lakhatAM, te zatavahana hoya ke zatavahano hoya to te te eka ja te zabdanA nirUpaNa karavAnA sthaLe karIzuM. ane tyAM zabda che. paheluM ekavacana che, bIjuM bahuvacana che) darzAvavAmAM AvatI sarva hakIkata, A zata tathA keTaleka ThekANe je "vAhana" zabda joDAyelo najare paDe (24) ke. hi. I. pR. 600-Kharvel in the 2nd varSano puravAra thayo che eTale sAra e thayo ke zAtavahanayear of his reign sent a large army to the vaMzI rAjAo 112nI pUrve sattA upara AvI gayA hatA.) West, disregarding sat-karni and in his (26) A ekasamuM varSa kayA saMvatsaranuM hatuM te vaLI fourth year humbled the Rashtrikas=zAtakaraNInI bIjo prazna che, tenuM vizeSa vivecana, A AMdhavaMzI rAjAparavA karyA vinA rAjA khAravele potAnA rAjyanA bIjA nA dharma vizenI carcA Avaze tyAre karavAmAM Avaze. varSe pazcima tarapha meTuM sainya me kahyuM, ane cothA varSe atra eTaluM jaNAvI daIe ke tene lagatA isArA pu. 1mAM rASTrikone parAjIta karIne namAvyA. samayAvaLI pR. 401 upara, I. sa. pUrve 427 zrImukhe (25) ja. ba. baM. ro. e. se. pu. 8, pR. 239 aMpradeza sthApyo tenI pRSTha saMkhyA jaNAvI che temAM ane AgaLa. (A lekha uparathI phalita thAya che ke, navamA ApyAM che, tevI ja rIte pu. 4mAM pR. 378 uparanI I. naMdanA samaya pUrve zAtavahana kuTuMba, paiThaNamAM rAjaamala sa. pU. 4ra7nI sAlamAM nirdiSTa karelAM pRSTho upara tathA karatuM hatuM. navamAM naMdano samaya ma, saM.112thI 15543 pu. 2-3mAM chuTuchavAyuM prasaMgopAta jaNAvAyuM che. '

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10 ] che, temAM lahiyAna athavA lekhakanA hastadeSa ja saMbhave che. bAkI IMgrejI lakhANamAM Satavahan lakhyuM hAya tenA uccAra teA zatavahana paNa karAya che. temaja zAtavAhana ane zatavAhana paNa karI zakAya che. eTale temAM te eka sarakhuM ja che. alabatta eTale darajje te azuddha ja kahI zakAya ke, mULa zabda upara bArIka dhyAna ApyA sivAya game tevI rIte uccAravAnA rUpamAM lakhyuM javAyuM che. kahevAnI matalaba e thaI ke, jema 'aMdra' ane 'AMdhra' zabdanuM arasaparasa sthAna arvAcIna pustakAmAM devAi jAya che tevI ja rIte A 'vahana' ane 'vAhana' zabdanuM sthAna paNa apAi jAya che. zatavahana za vAhanane arthe te| jamIna upara AvavA javA mATe vaparAtuM sAdhana; gADI, gADuM--Vehicles, Conveyances ItyAdi rUpe thAya che ane tene 'zveta' joDavAthI evA ja phalitArtha cAze ke, one who has 100 conveyances can be styled a Satavahan=jenI pAse se| jeTalI saMkhyAmAM vAhana hoya tene zatavAhana kahevAya. ane A pramANe ja artha karavA joIe evA Azaya jo lekhaka dharAvatA hAya te kahevuM paDaze ke, temaNe zatavAhanavaMzI rAjAonI sAmAjIka temaja Arthika sthitine bahu ja halakA vicAra khAMdhyA che athavA tA tevI sthitinI rajuAta karIne vAcakanA mana upara uttama asarane badale taddana ulaTI ja asara nIpajAvI che; kemake vartamAnakALe paNu ucca koTinA eka rAjavIne tyAM, sA vAhana jeTalI samRddhi sAmAnya rIte tA hAya che ja; jyAre te vakhatanA moTA meTA zAhasAdAgarA ke jeo atyAranA rAjavI karatAM aneka rIte vizeSa zrImAna hatA, temane tyAM paNa tevI (27) A vahana, ane vAhana zabda upara kAi bhASAzAstrI vizeSa prakAza pADe evI vinati che. (28) pu. 1, pR. 243 upara DhAMkeluM geApALamAMnuM sthAnaka vAMco. [ aThThama khaDa samRddhe keTalAya guNI vipulapaNAmAM DhAi zake te sahaja kalpanAmAM utare tema che, tyAre tenI sarakhAmaNImAM eka mahArAjyanA samrATanI teA vAta ja zI ? A pramANe badhI paristhiti nihALatAM 'vAhanane' badale 'vahana' zabda ja sAcA hAya ema phare che ane "se nI29 sAlamAM sthApita thayela" vaza e artha sUcavavA ja 'zatavahana' zabda vaparAyA che ema dekhAya che. jyAre haiM. repsana evA mata dharAve che ke,30 'Satavahan is the term being the name of the clan to which the ruling family belonged=zataddana zabda te jAtivAcaka nAma che. jemAM te vaMzanA rAjakartAe thayA che" matalaba ke, temanA maMtavya pramANe zatavahana te jAtinuM nAma che. eka ThekANe 1 'zatayAna' zabda paNa vaparAye mAluma paDe che. temAM yAna zabda dhAtu yAM' che ane teneA artha to go=javuM, evA cAya che. eTale yAnanA artha gatisUcaka thayeA kahevAya. ane 'vahuna'nA paNa tevA ja che eTale 'zatayAna'nA aM paNu 'zatavahana'jevA ja thayeA gaNAya. a (29) 'zAtakaraNi' rAbdanA arthamAM paNa A pramANe goTALA thayela che te AgaLa upara samAvavAmAM AAvaro. upara pramANe zatavahana zabdanA artha temAM AvelA aMzAnI vyutpanyAnusAra ApaNe gAThavyA kahevAze. paraMtu te vaMzanA rAjAee pAte ja pAtAnA zilAlekhAmAM kayA zabdo vAparyAM che tathA te vize anya lekhake zuM vicArA dharAve che te paNa ApaNe tapAsavuM joI e. (1) eka lekhaka32 jaNAve che ke, Thus the first name given in the Puranas, viz. Simuka or Sisuka is named in an early inscription as Simukha Satavahano=A pramANe purANAmAM jenuM prathama (30) juo ke. AM. re. prastAvanA pu. 1panuM TIpaNuM na. 1. (31) jIe ja. pro. e. za. e. se, pu. 9, pR. 149 upara kAlikAcAnI kathA varNavI che te prasaMganuM varNIna (32) ja, AM. hiM, ri, sA. pu. 2. bhAga 1, pR. 61 ane bhAgaLa,

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prathama pariccheda ]. zatavahane vaza [ 11 nAma (prathama rAjA tarIkenuM nAma) zimuka athavA have been a contemporary with zizuka ApyuM che tene eka junA zilAlekhamAM Nanda=pachIthI rAjA tarIke rAjyAbhiSeka karavAmAM zimukha zatavAhane 33 tarIke saMbodhyo che. Avyo hato ane pratiSThAnapura eka mAletujAra (2) gautamiputra zAtakaraNinI mA evI, rANIzrI zahera banavA pAmyuM..(pR. 138). bRhatkathAmAM je baLazrIe nAsikane zilAlekha, je pitAnA putranI zAtavAhana rAjAnuM nAma levAyuM che te rAjAnaMdane yazagAthAne amara karAvate ketarAvyo che. temAM teNIe samakAlIna thayo haze." zabdo vAparyA che ke Restored the glory of (5) bIje eka ThekANe 7 vaLI ema jaNAvAyuM Satavahanas zatavahana rAjAonI kIti pharIne che ke, Majority of the inscriptions are ujajavaLa banAvI (jevI hatI tevI karI dIdhI). found at Nasik; their earliest inscrip (3) vaLI bIjA eka vidvAne potAnA vicAro tion at Nanaghat in Western India, nIcenA zabdomAM jaNAvyA che--khAravela kaliMgAdhi- their earliest coin in West India; patinA samayamAM mahArAjA zAtakaNi pazcimamAM hatA. they are referred to all along in the zilAlekhomAM emanA vaMzanuM nAma zAtavAhana che. epigraphic records, not as Andhras but jene prAkata ane saMskRta granthomAM zAlavAhana as sktavahanas=zilAlekhone meTo bhAga kahevAmAM Ave che. zAtavAhanano prathama zilAlekha nAsikamAMthI maLI Ave che; temane sauthI prathama I. sa. pU. 200 varSanA akSaromAM lakhAyelA nAnAdhATa zilAlekha, pazcima hiMdamAM Avela nAnAlATane che (nAsika pradezamAM) maLI AvyuM che. A vicAra ane sauthI prathamane sikko (paNa) pazcima hiMdane darzanamAM bIjI Tio sAthe ApaNe saMbaMdha nathI che. (A) sarva prakAranA lekhamAM, sarvatra temane eTale te vize mauna sevIe. atra to eTaluM ja sAtavAhana tarIke ja oLakhAvela che nahIM ke jaNAvavAnuM rahe che ke, A vaMzane mATe zatavahana ke AMdha tarIke. zatavAhana temAMthI kayo zabda vaparAyo che. . ' (6) tyAre ke. hi. I. mAM pR. 531 upara tenA (4) vaLI anyatra ema lakheluM nIkaLe che ke, lekhaka ema jaNAve che ke earliest known Satavahan was afterwards installed coins bear the name of a king Sata as king and Pratishthanpur became who is probably to be identified with a rich city--(p. 138). The Satavahan Satakarniaj-111i ayril FX orell mentioned by the Brhatkatha must te upara te zAtarAjAnuM nAma lakhAyeluM che ane | (33) A vAkayamAM zilAlekhanA AdhAre kahe che ke, (36) A upathI samajAya che ke rAjanaMdanA samaye zAtavAhane rAkha che, jyAre ke. hi. I. . 598mAM (hAlanA vidvAne je ema mAnI rahyA che ke pramukha sAtajaNAvAya che ke, zilAlekhamAM rAtavahana je zabda ja nathI. karaNi-zAtavAhana vaMzane sthApaka ane mULa puruSa-te, (A uparathI ema lAge che ke, kavacita kaI zilAlekhamAM zuMgavaMzI puSyamitrane samakAlIna hato. tene badale) paNa tavahana zabda vaparAI gayo haze je A bemAMthI eka sAtavAhana rAjAonI hayAti hatI evI mAnyatA dharAvatI lekhakanI daSTi bahAra cAlyuM gayuM haze.) hatI. (pu. 4mAM khAlanA samaya nirNaya upara AvavAne (74) jIo jaina sAhitya saMzAdhaka pu. 3, khaMDa 4. je be Dajhana jeTalI dalIla ApaNe ApI che tathA te bAda 5. 373. prasaMgopAta vaLI be traNano umere karyo che temAM A eka - (35) ja, bo. che. . e. sa. pu. 10 pR. 12 vaLI vizeSa samAveza karavo rahe che. De, bhAjadAna lekha). . (37) ja, vyo, baM. 2. e, se, 19ra7, pR. 4

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12] vicAra tenI oLakha zAtakaraNa tarIke vadhAre saMbhavita che. (7) mi. repsane upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe eka ThekANe zatavahanane jAti tarIke eLakhAvI che, jyAre bIje ThekANe 8 temaNe judA ja darzAvyA dekhAya che tyAM temanA zabdo A pramANe che-- The later members of the Shatavahan dynasty continued to rule over the Eastern Provinces=zatavana vaMzanA pAchyA rAjAe pUnA prAMte upara rAjya amala calAvatA rahyA hatA, matalaba ke A ThekANe temaNe zatavahana te jAtine ale vaMza tarIke oLakhAvyA che. rAtavahana vaza (8) eka lekha439 vaLI ema abhiprAya darzAvyA che ke "Shatavahan became a family name afterwards=vaMzanuM nAma zatavahana tA pAchaLathI paDayuM hatuM " eTale temanA mata ema thAya che ke te vaizanuM nAma prathama kAMIka bIjuM hatuM paraMtu pAchaLathI zatavahana joDavAmAM AvyuM che. (9) tyAre mi. vinsenTa smitha tA sAph sA zabdomAM jaNAvI de che 340 " The Andhra kings all claimed to belong to the Satavahan family and many of them assumed the title or bore the name of Satkarni=sadhaLA AMdhra rAjAe zatavahunavaMzI hAvAnA dAvA karatA ane temAMnA NAe zAtakaraNi nAmanuM birUda athavA teA upanAma dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. eTale ke AMdhraprajAnA sadhaLA ja rAjAone zatavahunavaMzanA kahevAya che, parantu te badhA zata- karaNa naheAtA kahevAtA, temAMne meTA bhAga alabatta zAtakaraNinA birUdathI oLakhAtA hatA kharA. (10-11-12)abhidhAnaciMtAmaNI nAme granthamAM sAtam rttapulam vAna caNya ti=jene vAhananuM sukha ApavAmAM AvyuM che te sAtavAhana '' A artha 66 (38) jIe. kA, AM. re, prastAvanA pR. 42 pAri grApha pa2-53. [ aThThama khaDa pR. 13 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe sAmAnya rUpaneA dekhAya che. kalpapradIpakAra evA artha besADe che ke sanotera vAnArthavAj jo sAtavAna kRti=sadhAtu ''dAna'' nA arthamAM hAvAthI leAkamAM sAtavAhana evuM nAma paDayuM che! A paNa sarva sAmAnya artha che. emAMthI ekanA maMtavya pramANe evA kAI viziSTa prasaMgane laine ' zAtavahana ' jevuM nAma lagADavAmAM AvyuM heAya ema khulatuM nathI. kathAsaritsAgaranA kartA je vicAra raju kare che, te jo ke kAMIka viziSTa che kharA, parantu temAM eTaluM badhuM agAMbhiya nathI dekhAtuM ke jethI te vaMzanI viziSTatA upara prakAza pheMkAya. temaNe jaNAvyuM che.--'zAtenA casmAr DhoDamUta tamAm tama zAtathAnam nAnA cAra kAjena rAjye dhanam vaizyazcAta nAmanA yakSe upADayezana uThAvyA tethI tevuM 'zAtavAhana' nAma karyuM ane amuka samaye tene rAjya upara mesAryA. (13) prabaMdhaciMtAmaNibhASAMtara, amadAvAda mudrita, (1909) pR. 37 mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, te (zAlivAhana) kuMbhArane ghera rahI mATInA dheDA, hAthI, manuSya vigere tarehavAra jAtanAM ramakaDAM karavA lAgyA, tethI tenuM nAma zAtavAhana evuM paDayuM. eTale temanA mata pramANe teA, rAjA hAla zAlivAhana ekalAne ja zAtavAhana kahI zakAya; A hakIkata pustakIya che jyAre uparamAM joI gayA chIe ke zilAlekhamAM te tenA pUrvanA keTalAya rAkhtane zAtavAhana kahevAmAM AvyA che; ane zilAlekhA purAvA vizeSa mAnanIya kahevAya. uparanAM avataraNo bhale bhinna bhinna maMtavyeA rajI karatAM dekhAya che, parantu temAMnA moTA bhAganA pradhAna sura ema nIkaLatA kahI zakAze ke A vaMzanuM nAma zatavahana athavA zAtavahana hAvAnuM vyAjakhI che. paNa vahanane badale vAhana zabda joDavA te azuddha zabdaprayoga gaNAya, jethI 'zatavAhana ke zAtavAhana'nuM nAma te vaMzane ApavuM te anucita gaNuAze. eTale (39) ja, e. cheM. rA. e. sA. nyu sIrIjha pu.3 pR. para. (40) a. hiM. iM. trI AvRtti pR. 208.

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prathama pariccheda ] zatavahana vaMza [ 13. je eka be sthaLe 41 "vAhana' zabdavALe ja prayoga ane te uparathI karaNi thAya. eTale jeNe kAryo karyA che karAvavA prayatna sevAya che. [bIje paNa kadAca te te. eTale ke je vyaktie amuka prakAranAM se kAryo karyo pramANe thayuM haze. temaja zatavahana te AMdhraprajAno che te purUSa, evo bhAvArtha thAya; pachI te kAryo eka aMza che (AgaLa juo trIjA parichedanI (a) kevAM hovAM joIe (A) athavA to tenAM karatAM hakIkata) evuM mArA vAMcavAmAM je AvyuM che tenIja e pAMca ochAM vadhAre karyA hatAM ke kema (I) temaja gaNune ahIM mAtra karI che] te keTale darajaje vyAjabI tevAM kAma karanAra mAtra Adi purUSa ja hatA ane te gaNuya te vicAravuM rahe che. uparathI tenA vaMzavALAe te sAmAnya nAma-birUda be zabdano samAsavAcaka zabda na vAparatAM, eka apanAvI lIdhuM hatuM ke (u) zatakaraNi nAma dhAraNuM zata zabdano ja prayAga karavo hoya te, te vaMzane karatI dareka vyakita AvAM parAkrama karyA bAda ja te zatavAhana vaMza ane tenA rAjAone zAta rAja birUda pitAnA nAma sAthe joDatI hatI; A prakAranA kahI zakAze. matalaba ke zatavahana te napuMsakaliMga ane badhA prazno gauNa thaI jAya che. paraMtu AkhA zAta te puliga jAtinA zabda lekhI zakAze. vaMzamAMthI keIe paNa jamAnAnuM dhyAna kheMce tevA (5) zatakaraNi athavA zAtakaraNa se te zuM, paNa tethI be pAMca ocho athavA te mR. 1 upara A vaMza mATe vaparAtA je nAmonI tene badale eka sAmaTAM aneka tarIke jene gaNI nAmAvaLI ApI che temAM 5 muM nAma zAlivAhananuM zakAya, evAM paNa kArya karyo hoya tevuM temanAM jIvana ane 6 huM zatakaraNinuM lakhAyuM che. paraMtu hakIkatane caritramAMthI dekhAI AvatuM nathI. eTale karaNi kArya aMge zatakaraNi vizeSa upayogI temaja vadhAre mahatva karanAra tarIkenA bhAvArthamAM te zabda yojAyo hevAnI dharAvate zabda hovAthI tenI vicAraNuM prathama hAtha vicAraNuM choDI devI rahe che; bIjo zabda karNi dharavAnuM yogya lAgyuM che. hoya te, karNakAna; ane zatakarNa eTale so kAna samAsanA padaccheda karatAM temAMthI be zabdo jene che te so kAna, eTale manuSyamAtrane jema be nIkaLe che. eka zata ane bIjo karaNi; pachI zata- kAna hoya che tema A purUSane se jeTalI saMkhyAmAM karaNi che ke zAtakaraNi che, te bemAMnA bhAvArthane kAna hatA tema nahIM, paraMtu jenI sevAmAM, laIne, temanA vaMzanA nAma upara kAMI vizeSapUrNa rAjakAraNamAM paDelA ane vizvAsapAtra gaNI zakAya ? asara thatI nathI. alabatta eTaluM kharuM che ke ApaNe tevA, aneka purUSo hoya ke jeo potAnAmAM rAjya te jema bane tema je zabda zabda hoya tene ja sthApita karela vizvAsane aMge mahatvapUrNa ane upayoga karatAM rahevuM joIe. temAM zatano artha so javAbadArI bharelAM kAryo karI zake; (hundred) eTaluM nirvivAdita che; ane bIjo vizvAsu mANase pachI cAhe te meTA hodedAro hoya zabda je karaNi che tene keTaleka ThekANe karNinA rUpamAM ke cAhe te hodAvinAnA sAmAnya prajAjana heya. Ane paNa lIdho che. je karaNi hoya te kR karavuM, te dhAtu; maLatA bhAvArthamAM DevI. esa. sukhathakare43 enelI (41) "jaina yuga" nAmanuM mAsika saMvata 1955nA (42) laMkAdhipati rAvaNane daza mAthA havAnI je daMta mArca-eprIlane aMka, temAM "dakSiNamAM jainadharma' nAmane kathA cAle che te hakIkata sAthe Ane sarakhA ( saMbhava lekha chapAya che. che ke mAthuM to eka ja haze, paraMtu je sarva alaMkAre gaLAmAM buddhiprakAza, pu. 82 sane 1934, prathama aMka: temAM paherAtA hoya temAM paDatAM pratibiMbane lIdhe te dekhAva zrIyuta dha4. munazIjIno kSatrapa saMbaMdhI lekha che tyAM anya jenArane lAgatA hoya.). temaNe "zatavahana zabda lakhe che, (4) jue majakura pustaka, 5. 21 ane AgaLa

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14 ] zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa sIjha opha dhI bhAMDArakara InsTITayuTa nAmanA pustakamAM vAstavika rIte te upanAmane artha "je rAjAne tyAM "On the homes of the so called ekase to nakarI bhare che=jene bAtamI meLavavAnA Andhras=kahevAtA AMdhranA mULa vatana vize" so dvArA che" e thAya che. zIrSaka nibaMdhamAM vicAro darzAvyA che. tyAM temaNe A pramANe "sa data athavA bAtamI me zatakane arthaone having hundred ears se dArae ghaTanA keTaleka darajaje zAtakaraNanA karyo che; eTale ke A king who has hundred nAmane baMdhabesatI jaNAya che ane te suMdara tathA ears, meaning who has a hundred karNapriya hoI AlhAdajanaka paNa kahI zakAya tevI spies to work for him-je rAjavIne se che. paraMtu "karaNi" zabdanI peThe, AvI hakIkata paNa kAna che, arthAta jenI sevAmAM se jeTalI saMkhyAmAM A vaMzanA koI rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM kyAMya vAMcavAmAM dUta (hamezAM) kAma karavAne tatpara hoya che. eka AvI nathI. jethI hAla te eTaluM ja uccArI zakAze anya graMthakAre44 paNa A matalabane ja artha sUcavyA ke vyutpatti AdhAre A zabdanA arthane ukela keAI hoya ema dekhAya che. alabata temAM temaNe A rIte ANI zakAtuM nathI. bAkI te zodhakhoLane AMdhraprajAne kai bhUpatine zatakaraNi nathI jaNavyo viSaya ja evo ajaba che ke temAM anumAna ane paraMtu eka magadhapatine lagatI te hakIkata che. temanA kalpanAno Azraya lIdhA vinA cAlatuM nathI ja. zabda A pramANe che-2 certain Chera king bIjA prakAre vicAra karIe. jo "zatavahana' paid a friendly visit to the king of jevA ja bhAvArthamAM "zatakaraNi" zabda vaparAyAnuM Magadh. It gives the name of the mAnavAmAM Ave to A vaMzanA dareke dareka rAjavIne Magadha king on the banks of the te birudathI saMbodhavAmAM kAMI harakata jevuM na ja Ganges as (ahIM tAmila bhASAnA zabdo lakhela lekhAya. paraMtu teoe katarAvelA zilAlekhamAM A che), which would mean "Hundred vastusthiti lakSamAM rAkhIne kAma levAyuM hovAnuM Karnas" and it was a translation of khulatuM nathI. thoDAkae ja zAnakaraNi zabda joDe che. the Sanskrit title of Satakarni. Sans- jyAre 'zatavahana' zabda zilAlekhamAM kayAMya vaparAya krit scholars have however misread najare paDato nathI; eTale ke manaphAve tema kAma levAyuM the name of Satakarni instead of hoya evuM dekhAya che. chatAM A zabdonI vaparAza Satakarni; the epithet evidently mean- mATe eka samAdhAne ema ApI zakAya tema che ke ing "a king who employed hundred vahana zabda, action=kAryane anulakSIne vaparAya che spies" or had one hundred sources of eTale te napuMsakaliMga darzaka che ane tethI bhUpatio information=kai cerApati mitrabhAve magadhapatinI pitAno vaMza darzAvavAmAM tene vAparI zake che. jyAre mulAkAte gayA hatA. tenA varNanamAM gaMgAtaTanA te karaNikartAne anulakSIne hAvAthI puligavAcaka che magadhapatinuM nAma (kaI tAmIla bhASAnA zabda ahIM jethI bhUpatie potAnI jAtanI oLakha mATeja lakhela che) ApyuM che. jeno artha "se karNa" thAya te vAparatA dekhAya. AvI sthitimAM rAjA pitAne che. zatakaNi (nAmanA) saMskRta birUdane, te anuvAda saMbaMdhatI vakhate, phalANuM zatakaraNi ema vizeSapaNe che. paraMtu saMskRta bhASAnA paMDitoe te zatakaraNi kahI zake, paraMtu jyAM vaMzanuM ja nAma batAvavuM hoya zabdane badale zAtakaraNi zabda vAMcI lIdhuM che. tyAM zatavahana zabda vApare. matalaba ke rAjA potAnA (4) jai. sa. I. 5, 120,

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prathama pariracheda ] rAtavAhana vaMza [ 15 nAma sAthe khAlI zAtavahana zabda na joDI zake. paraMtu 5Na vaMzanuM nAma che ema dhArI levuM te doSapAtra che. kalANa zatavahanavaMzI ema vizeSaNanA rUpamAM te te vaMzanA keTalAka bhUpatioe ja zatakaraNinuM nAma zabda pitAnA nAmanI pUrve joDI zake; jyAre dhAraNa karyuM hatuM, temaja ke. hi. I. mAM pu. zatakaraNi zabda to temanA nAmano eka aMza hovAthI 1, pR. 598 upara evo nirdeza karavAmAM Avyo che nAmanI AgaLa ke pAchaLa kAMI paNuM pheraphAra vinA ke, Following forms are found in paNa lagADI zake che. jo ke vinsenTa smithanA nIcenA various inscriptions, Satakani, Satazabda 45 thoDA ghaNA aMze yathAsthita ane ucita kani, Sadakarni, Sata, Sata and Satis mAnavA jevA che, "The Andhra kings all bhinnabhinna zilAlekhomAM nIce pramANe zabdonAM rUpAMclaimed to belong to the Satavahan to mAlama paDayAM che, sAtakaNi satakaNi, sadakani, family and many of them assumed sAta, sata ane sati (TIppaNa-A rUpAMtaravALA the title or bore the name of Sata- zabdomAM kyAMya satavahana zabda paNa nathI.48 vaLI te karni. They are consequently referred bemAMthI ekenA koI vika95vALA zabdo paNa nathI, to by one or other of these designa* eTale spaSTa thAya che ke te rAjAo pote, uparamAMnA tions without mention of the personal zabdothI ja potAne saMbodhatA hatA ane te zabdAja name of the monarch etc. etc.-AMdhra temanAM upanAma hoI zake, anya<< zabdo temanA prajAnA saghaLA rAjAo zatavahana vaMzanA kahevAtA vaMza ke jAtidarzaka hovA joIe ema A uparathI ane temAMnA ghaNAe zatakaraNanuM nAma athavA te samajI levuM rahe che.) birUda paNa lagADayuM che. AthI karIne potAnuM eka (vizeSa TIpaNu-zilAlekhamAM ke sikakAlekhamAM vyaktigata rAjA tarIkenuM nAma uccAryA sivAya, upa- zatavahana zabda nathI dekhAte. temAM to mAtra kSataranA bemAMthI ekAda upAdhi lagADIne paNa pitAne karaNine maLatA ja zabdo che; temaja zatakaraNine tathA saMbodhatA dekhAya che." (TIppaNa-bane upAdhi eka zatakaNine artha besAratAM ema jaNAvyuM che ke zata sarakhI rIte lagADI nathI zakAtI. zuM bheda rahI zake eTale so, evA bhAvArtha yukta karaNi ke kaNi zabda che. tene khulAso ApaNe uparamAM ApI dIdho che. A bemAMthI eke zabda sAthe te artha vaTAvI zakAta bAkI zatavahana te vaMzanuM nAma che ane zatakaraNi te nathI. tyAre prazna e ubhave che ke, khuda rAjAoe pote vyaktigata birUda che. eTaluM vAstavika che, jyAre je zabda vAparI batAvyo che te zuM khoTo? tema to ja. . eN. ra. e. sa. nA vidvAna lekhakanuM banavA yugya ja nathI, kemake lakhANanA ja zabdo che, vaktavya tadana spaSTa che ke It is wrong to kAMI anumAnika upajAvI kADhelA nathI. eTale eka suppose that Satakarni was a family sthiti kalpI zakAya ke, lakhANanA zabdo ukelavAmAM ja like Satavahana. The name kayAMya zaratacUka ke bhUlathApa paDI gaI hoya. tenI Satakarni was assumed by.some kings khAtrI karavA-Ama belavA mATe amAre pite te sarva of the dynasty=zatavahananI peThe zatakaraNi jAte nihALI levA joIe, paraMtu ame lipivizArada (45) juo a. hi. I trIjI AvRtti pR. 208. (48) sarakhA u5ramAM TIka naM. 27. (46) jue majakura pustaka sana 19ra7ne aMka (49) sarakhAvo uparamAM TI. naM. 9 tathA pR. 9 5. 81 TI. naM. 125. upara "zatavahana' zIrSakavALI hakIktanA AraMbhamAMnuM (47) cAtavahanane sthAne khare zabda zatavAhana joIe. vAkaya.

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16 ]. zatavAhana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa na hovAthI te kAma lipi upara choDI daIne, te karIne vaparAtuM najare paDe che. A AkhA vaMzanI saMbaMdhamAM kAMIka sUcanA karavAnuM ja yogya dhAryuM che. nAmAvali haju sudhI zuddha thaIne bahAra pADavAmAM te nIce pramANe che. AvI nathI paraMtu je aneka paurANika granthanI zata eTale so vaLI A vaMzanI Adi se meLavaNI karIne zrIyuta pAchaTare je truTita avasthAmAM varSamAM ja thaI che ema nizaMka rIte darzAvAyuM che; tema paNa taiyAra karI batAvI che te tapAsatAM upara pramANe zAhanano artha paNa te svarUpe ja ghaTAvI zakAya che. ja sAra nIkaLe che jyAre jaina sAhitya graMthomAM te eTale zatakaraNimAM jema zata ane kR zabdone samAveza teTalI hade pahoMcavA jevI sthiti paNa raju karAI thayelo che ane temAMnA ke dhAtu uparathI karaNa ane dekhAtI nathI. eTale hAla te ApaNe pAITara sAheba te bAda karaNi zabda yojAya che, tema kRne badale su kata nAmAvaline ja najara AgaLa rAkhIne kAma levuM dhAtu hoya to te uparathI prathama saraNa ane te bAda paDe che. matalaba e thaI ke, jene rAjA hAla tarIke saraNi zabda nIpajAvI zakAya che; jema vahana eTale oLakhAvAya che tenuM ekalAnuM ja A birUda che. te vahevuM. gatimAM AvavuM ema thAya che, tema ru uparathI rAjA hAlane keTalAka zAla paNa kahe che. ane jema prathama saraNa eTale saravuM, gatimAM AvavuM, thAya che ane A vaMzanA rAjAne zata zabdanI pAchaLa vahana nAmane saraNa karanAra te saraNi kahevAya. je uparathI se mA pratyaya joDIne zatavahana kahevAnI prathA paDI che, tema varSamAM saraNa karanAra te zatasaraNa TharAvI zakAya. mata- A sAlanI saMgAthe paNa te zabda joDIne zAlivAhana laba kahevAnI e che ke, jema zatakaraNi zabda vAparI ke zAlavahana zabda banAvI dIdho dekhAya che. eTale zakAya tevI ja rIte A zatasaraNi paNa vAparI zakAya, bhale zAlivAhana zabda banI gayo kharo, paraMtu bhUlavuM paraMtu zatakaraNine artha jyAre saMbhALyuM nathI, tyAre joituM nathI ke zatavahana te te AkhA vaMzanuM nAma A zatasaraNi artha yathAyogya ane baMdhabesata thaI che ane te vaMzanA sarva rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM vAparI rahe che. eTale mULa zabda zatasaraNi50 vaparAyo hoya zakAya che. jyAre A zAlivahana nAma te mAtra eka paraMtu pAchaLathI aneka kAraNone laIne jema aneka rAjA pratye ja vyaktigata rIte vAparavA jevuM banI kissAmAM khalanAo pravezavA pAmI che, tema AmAM rahe che. jo ke A hAla rAjA thayA bAda te vaMzamAM paNa banavA pAmyuM hoya; jenA pariNAme te zabda keTalAka rAjAo thayA che temane varNavatAM keTalAka zatakaraNi vacAta banI gayo hoya evA anumAna graMthakAre zAlivAhanavaMzI rAjAo tarIke upadeza che, upara javAya che. A anumAna upara javAne bIjuM paraMtu tema karatAM kAMI AdhAra ke pramANu batAvAyAnuM kAraNa e paNa che ke, jema zatakaraNi zabda tenA thatA dekhAtuM nathI tema sarvathA te zabdano prayoga cAlu ja artha pramANe akAraNa thaI jAya che tema tene upaga rakhAyo che ema paNa nathI. ane tema che te tene karanAra paNa khoTI AtmaprazaMsAmAM utarI ja dekhAya sarvathA aMgikAra karAyAnuM to mAnavuM ja kayAM rahe che? che. jyAre zatasaraNi zabda, arthamAM temaja upayogamAM, eTale ApaNe te prazna upara bahu mAthApheDamAM utaravA bane rIte nirAbAdha sthitimAM rahete jaNAya che. kAraNa nathI. (6) zAlivAhana, zAlavAhana athavA zAlavAna chatAM eka bIjI rIte A zAlivAhana zabda jyAM sudhI tapAsa karI zakAya che tyAM sudhI AvuM vaparAte dekhAya che. temAM tene eka saMvatsara tarIke birUda vaMzanA mAtra ekaja rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM khAsa pIchANavAmAM Ave che ane zaka zAlivAhana athavA (50) A zabda zataraNi hoya ke pachI tene kAra upADI tye ane te upara prakAza pADe ema ja anusarata kaI hoya, te prazna te viSayanA jANu- vinaMti che.

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prathama pariccheda ] zAlivAhanane zaka, evA svarUpamAM vaparAyA kare che. A zaka saMvatsavizenI keTalIka samajUti ApaNe pu. 4 mAM pRSTha 95 ane AgaLa upara varNavI gayA chIe. vaLI je kAMi vizeSa sucavavA jevuM che te rAjA DhAkSanA jIvanane sparzatuM hovAthI tenA dhRttAMtamAM jaNAvavAmAM Avaze eTale ane te paratve mauna ja sevIzuM. zatavahana za (7) aMdrabhRtya athavA AMdhrabhRtya A samuhazabdanI . vyutpatti karatAM, e zabdo temAMthI chUTA paDe che. aMtra athavA AMdhra ane bhRtya; samAsanI rUie temaneA be prakAranA a nIpajAvI cakAya che. temane tatvArthasamAsa gaNIe teA "aMtraH eva bhRtya " lekhAya eTale ke, aMdhra (jAti, vaMza ke deza je kahA te) ke AMdhra prajAnA je rAjA te pote ja anya bhUpatinA bhRtya eTale sevaka; arthAt khaMDiye rAjA hAya. (ra) ane bahuvrIhisamAsamAM jo tene laie te aMsabhya; " ema lekhavuM rahe; jene artha evA thAya ke, AMdhrajAtinA purUSa te rAjA pAte, ane tenA hAtha taLenA anya rAjA te tene tAmedAra athavA khaMDiyA rAjA; matalaba e thaI ke, pahelA samAsanA artha pramANe, AMdhrapati Ate ja sevaka thaye| jyAre khIjA samAsa pramANe AMdhrapati te tyAM anya rAjA sevaka thayA kahevAya. te zabda vAparanAre kaye| Azaya lakSamAM rAkhyA hAvA joie te ApaNe tapAsIe. tihAsane kahA ke samasta vizvanA kahA, pazu eka evA niyama gaNuAya che ke sarvadA ekane eka sthiti kAInI rahetI nathI. eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke kAInI rAjasattA avicaLa rahI paNa nathI, nathI ane rahevAnI paNa nathI; jethI eka sArvabhAma rahetI [ 17 rAjAnA Azraye, eka samaye je rAjAe paDiyA tarIke hAya che tene teja rAjAe hamezAM khaMDiyA tarIke rahetA ja nathI. have jo A niyamAnusAra uparamAM jaNAvela che arthAMmAMthI khIjo artha laI e te bhratyAH zabdomAM aneka vyaktie AvI jAya, temaja aneka prakAranI paristhitinuM sUcana temAM karAI jatuM kahevAya.pa1 ane AvI sthitinA prayAgA itihAsamAM AlekhAyAnuM jaNAyuM nathI.52 eTale e sAra upara AvavuM rahe che ke nRtya zabdanA prayAga hamezAM pahelA arthamAM ja karAtA AvyeA hAvA joie. jethI aMdrabhRtya eTale AMdhraprajAnA rAjA, te pote ja anya kAI sArvabhAma sattAnA Azraye hatA evA bhAvArtha thayA kahevAya. (51) nIce na. 52 jue (52) AgaLa upara "a prabhRtya 'nI samajUtI ApatAM sAbita karavAmAM Avaze ke, A AMdhrapatie judAjudA samaye, naMda ane mau vaMzI rAjA jevA ke mahAnada, cadragupta, biMdusAra, priyadarzi`na I. ne tAbe hatA. khaDiyA hatA khIjI rIte vicAratAM paNa A sthiti ja vadhAre baMdhabesatI manAya che. ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke pUrvanA samaye gaNurAjya paddhati hatI te kALe rAjAone bhUmiprAptinA bahu me1Dha lAgyA nahAtA. jyAre teone kAI pradeza upara caDAI karavAne prasaMga upasthita thatA tyAre vijetA rAjA, parAjItanA mulaka kAMI peAtAnA sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI letA nahi, paNa parAjItane peAtAnA bhRtya tarIke-khaMDiyA tarIkete peAtAnI AmnAyamAM che eTaluM kabUla karAvIne tenA mULa pradeza upara zAsana karatA ja mUkI devAmAM AvatA. eTale eka rAjA eka kALe eka sArvabhAmanI sattAmAM hoya ane khIje kALe vaLI bIjAnI sattAmAM cAlye| jAya tA, te sArvabhAma sattAnI pherabadalI pramANe temanA nAmanI paNa pherabadalI karyA karavI paDe ane pelA Azrita rAjAnI sAthe vAraMvAra joDavAmAM AvatA zabdo paNa aneka thaI paDe. pachI te| AvA aneka zabdo kheDavAthI te chatAM temane naMdanRtya, kAie mauryanRtya, ke vyaktigata nAma sAthe bhRtya zabda joDI caiMdraguptabhRtya, biMdusArabhRtya, i. thI saMkhAyA nathI [pu. 2 sikkA na'70, TI. naM 145 sarakhAve] tethI spaSTa thAya che ke aneka prakAranI sthiti pravartI gayela hAvA chatAM upara jaNAvyA pramANe te zabda vaparAyAja nathI,

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zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa Azrita vyakitane oLakhavI paNa bhAre paDe temaja je taddana svataMtra hoya te to te zabdane tyAga kare. itihAsamAM paNa aneka prakAranI gUMcavaNo ubhI tAtparya e thayo ke jema zatavahana ane zatakaraNi thayA kare. eTale A baMne prakAranI viSamatA TALavAno zabda te vaMzanA samasta rAjAo mATe jI zakAya tema satara mArga e ja kahevAya ke, parAjIta rAjAnA nAmanI che, tevI sthitimAM AMdhrabhAtya zabda nathI. tene sAtheja bhatya zabda lagADavo; eTale rAjakAraNanI upayoga mAtra parimita pramANamAM ja karI zakAya tevo daSTie tenuM sucana paNa thaI gayuM kahevAya che. kayo rAjA bhRtya hato tenuM varNana ke khyAla temaja vijetAne te potAnA nAmanI ke kAtinI kAMI ApavAnuM atre Avazyaka nathI. te te ogaLa upara paDI ja nahotI jethI tenA nAmano nirdeza karAvavAnI "AMdhrabhatyAH"nA zIrSaka taLe temaja pRthaka pRtha AvazyakatA paNa rahI na kahevAya. paraMtu jyAre te rAjAnuM varNana karatI vakhate joI zakAze. chatAM atre Adhina-parAjIta rAjA svataMtra thaI jAya tyAre pele eTaluM to jaNAvI zakAya che, je samaye A vaMzanI satya nAmano zabda ja kADhI nAMkhavAmAM Ave. eTale utpatti thaI te samaye gaNarAjya taMtranI sthiti pravartatI tenI palaTAyelI rAjakIya avasthA tarata parakhAI hatI. tethI karIne sArvabhauma sattA to mAtra nAmano ja jatI gaNAya. A pramANenI sthiti sikkAcitro adhikAra bhogavatI hatI. A sthitimAMthI pheraphAra uparathI paNa samajI zakAya che ane teja karIne caMdragupta mauryanA mukhya maMtrI paMDita cANakaye, sthitine atyArasudhI pragaTa thayelA ane ItihAsamAM kendrita rAjyatva sthApana karavAnA keDa sevyA hatA. nedhAyelA rAjAonAM vRttAMta uparathI paNa samarthana te pitAnA prayAsamAM keTaleka aMze phaLIbhUta paNa thayA maLatu dekhAya che. eTale ApaNe tene svIkArI laI, hatA. paraMtu meTAM moTAM rAjyo te navIna yojanAnA pahelA samAsa pramANe bhatya zabdano artha niSpanna amalamAM sapaDAyAM hatAM. eTale caMdraguptanA samayathI thata gaNI tene kabUla rAkho rahe che. AnA daSTAMta be prakAranI rAjyavyavasthA cAlu thaI hatI. A tarIke ApaNe zuMgabhatya (juo pu. 3 mAM) rAjAnuM sthiti TheTha mahArAjA priyadarzinanA aMta sudhI nabhI vRttAMta TAMkI batAvIzuM. temaja A AMdravaMzIonA rahI hatI. te bAda maurya sAmrAjyanI paDatI thavA keTalAkanuM jIvanavarNana AgaLa upara karavAmAM Avaze mAMDI te sAthe akendrita rAjyatvane nAza thayo ane te uparathI khAtrI baMdhAze. kendrita vyavasthAne pAyo majabUta thato gaye. eTale vadhAre spaSTIkaraNa karavAnI jarUra jaNAya te mahArAjA priyadarzinanA maraNa paryata-A vaMzamAM kahIe ke, bhUtya eTale sevaka, e artha levAthI te paNa mRtyatva rahyuM hatuM ane pachI teo tadana pite kaIka anya sarvopari sattAne tAbe hato ema svataMtra banavA pAmyA hatA. A gaNatrIe ma. saM. sUcana thayuM kahevAya; bIjuM, tAbedAra hevAnI sthiti 290=I. sa. pU. ra37mAM samrATa priyadarzinanuM maraNa te kAMI kaI vaMzanA ke dezanA dareka rAjAnA kama- thayuM tyAM sudhImAM satavahanavaMzanA cha bhUpatio54 thaI nazIbe nirmANa thayelI na ja hoya, eTale AkhA gayA hatA ane sAtamAnA rAjaamalane moTo bhAga vaMzanA je ekaMdara rAjA hoya temAMthI amuka tAbedAra vyatIta thaI gayA hatA. eTale AdinA sAta rAjAke khaMDiyA heI pitAne tya" lakhI zake, paraMtu mAMthI haju kaIne aMdhabhatya tarIke sabaMdhAvavAnI (53) juo pu. 2mAM sikrAcitronI samajutI. savaLI dazanI paNa kahI zakAya tema che paraMtu A bAbata AgaLa avaLI bAju upara zA mATe te kotaravAmAM AvatAM hatAM u5ra carcavAmAM Avaze. tenAM kAraNa. (55) juo AgaLa upara tenuM varNana. (5) judI judI kakSAthI A saMkhyA che, sAta temaja

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prathama pariccheda ] manazIkhI vaheAravI paDe. vaLI A AMdhraprajAnA mulaka, sArvabhauma avaMtipati mauya samrATanA rAjapATathI dUra Avela hatA eTale priyadarzinanA maraNu bAda tarata ja teo svAdhInatA meLavavAmAM phatehamaMda nIvaDayA hatA; jyAre zuMgavaMzI puSyamitra teA khuda mauryasamrATanI nekarImAM ja gUMthAyA hatA eTale tene svataMtra thavAne lagabhaga traNa dazakA sudhI rAha jovI paDI hatI. jethI AMdhrabhRtya zabdanI trupti thayA bAda lagabhaga 32 varSe zuMgavaMzI rAjAene zIrethI bhRtyanuM kalaMka bhUMsAvA pAmyuM hatuM-jeneA samaya ApaNe i. sa. pU. 204nA TharAvyA che. (jIe pu. 3, pR. 404) amArI samaja pramANe AMtyanA artha ame upara pramANe samajAvyeA che. paNa eka bhAinI sAthe carcA thatAM evA khulAsA maLyA hatA ke, bhRtya eTale sevaka, tevA amAM te zabda vaparAyA che. eTale AMdhrabhRtya=AMdhraprajAnA sevaka; rAjA pote prajAnA sevaka gaNAtA heAvAthI prajA upara temanI saMmati pramANe rAja calAvatA hatA jethI peAtAnI laghutA, viveka, namratA dAkhavavAne ja te zabdaprayAga karAya che. pUrvakALe tevI rIte sudAsajevA dhaNA bhUpatie tevAM nAmeA peAtAnI sAthe joDI batAvyAM che. A khulAsA eka rIte kADhI nAMkhavA jevA teA nathI ja, chatAM dIrdha vicAre te TakI zake tema paNa nathI. kemake, tevI rIte te sarva vaMzanA sarva rAjAne bhRtyA kahI zakAya. paNa eka e vaMza (zaMga ane AMdhra) sivAya kAie te prayAga karI khADayA nathI. vaLI temaNe pete ja tenA upayAga karyo haiAta tA tA -hajIe ApaNe temanI namratAnA svIkAra karI leta. paraMtu A zabdane temane mATe, keTaleya kALe thayela itihAsakArAe ja joDI dIdhA che. vaLI te vaMzanA sarva rAjAone sadAkALe te vizeSaNa lagADavAmAM paNa nathI AvyuM. te| zuM evA phalitArtha uThAvavA rahe che ke, amuka vakhate te rAjA prajApremI hatA--prajAsevaka tarIke rAja karatA hatA ane amuka vakhate prajAne pIDA rAtavahana vaza (56) jIe ja, A. hi. rI. se. pu. 2, bhAga 1, [ 19 karatA hatA athavA tA prajAnI IcchAnI avagaNanA karatA hatA ? matalaba kahevAnI e che, Ave atha barAbara baMdhabesatA nathI. e te jema kAI rAjA potAnuM nAma 'chatAri' kahevarAve chatAM haiAya Darapeki ane DarakaNa, tenI peThe thayuM. mATe te a amane barAbara lAgatA nathI. uparanuM spaSTIkaraNa thavAthI, zRMgabhRtya ane AMdhrabhRtyane bhAvA have kharAkhara samajI javAyeA haze. chatAM eka lekhake, AMdhrabhRtyanA je artha khaDutrIhi samAsa tarIke karAya che te grahaNa karyAM che ane dRSTAMta tarIke jaNAve che kupara "The Pallavas were also called Andhrabhratyas, that is the servants of the Imperial throne reigning in the country by name of Andhra-pallavAjhane paNa AMdhrabhRtyA kahevAya che, eTale ke AMdhradezamAM je zAhI sarakAra rAjya calAvatI hatI tenA tee tAmedAra hatA.". temanuM A kathana vicAravA jevuM che. ApaNe te pAva rAjAonA itihAsathI vAkegAra nathI eTale tenI satyAsatyatA vize kAMI paNa uccAravAnI sthitimAM nathI ja. A "aMdhabhRtyA" zabda bAbatamAM eka noMdhavA jevI khInA e thai dekhAya che ke, jainasAhitya graMthAmAM A zabdaprayAga kyAMya vaparAyeA hAya ema jaNAtuM nathI jyAre paurANika graMthAmAM tevuM dekhAya che. eTale vidhAtAe "Andhrabhratyas of the Puranas=purANamAMnA AMdhrabhRtyAjha" AvA zabdo je vAparyA che te kAMIka hetupUrvaka lakhyA haze ema zuM tyAre samajI levuM? upasaMhAra je sAta zabdothI A vaMzane vidvAnAe eLa khAvyA che, te sarvanuM vivecana uparamAM apAI gayuM che; te uparathI nipajatuM pariNAma TUMkamAM nIce pramANe kahI zakAze. temaja vAcakavargane pazu have pR. 65,

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29 ] zatavahana vaMza [ aSTama khaMDa khyAla AvI jaze ke kayo zabda keTale aMze zuddha (5) zatakaraNi Adi; te paNa zatavahana zabda vA azaha che. vaLI A vaMzAnuM varNana karavAne tathA je ja bhAvArtha kheMce che. parantu phera eTalo che ke keTalIka gUMco ukela karavAne te hakIkatamAMthI zatavahana te vaMzasUcaka che jyAre zatakaraNi te vaMzanA maLeluM jJAna ApaNane kevuM upayogI thAya tema che te purUSa AzrayI che. jo ke pAchale bhAvArtha paNa paNa ApoApa samajI zakAze. ' saMpUrNapaNe tevI rajuAta karato nathI eTale je navI (1) aMdha-te dezavAcaka che. jenI sImA adyApi sUcanA ApaNe ubhI karI batAvI che te pAchI paryata ati anizcita sthitimAM che. "zatavahana" ne tatsama zabdarUpe che. mA (2) AMdhra-jAtivAcaka zabda che. paraMtu samajAya (6) aMdhabhUtya-keTalAke te zabdane samasta vaMzanA che ke aMdha ane AMdhra banne zabda IgrejImAM eka ja purUSone AzrayIne vAparatA jaNAya che. paraMtu rIte (Andhras) lakhAtA temaja bolAtA hovAthI vAstavika rIte AdinA cha-sAta athavA bIjI eka gatAnugatikapaNe arasaparasa vaparAI rahyA che. apekSAthI daza purUSo mATeno ja te zabda che; teTale - (3) zata ane zAta; temanA uddabhavane samaya darajaje tene vaparAza parimitakSetrI che. sUcavatA te zabdo che. (9) zAlivAhana-A zabda te uparanA naM. 6 (4) zatavahana Adi zabda-temanA uddabhavanA karatAM paNa vizeSa parimitabhAva sUcaka che ane te kevaLa samaya uparathI paDela temanA vaMzane nAma batAve che. eka ja vyaktine nirdeza karatA jaNAya che.

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dvitIya pariccheda zatavahunavaMza athavA zAtavaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra--bhAratIya te zuM, paraMtu sarvadezIya itihAsamAM paNa, sattA-samayanI STie prathama pada bhogavanAra A zatavahanavaMzanI adyatana anizcita mAlUma paDelI sthitithI batAvelA zeAca-- te bAda tenA samayanI Adi ane aMtanA tAga lAvavA batAvelI kAzISa-- chevaTe vidhavidha dRSTie nakkI karela temanA samaya ane rAjAonI sakhyA--te pratyekanA samayanI vigatAnI lIdhela khArika tapAsa ane temanI batAvelI satyatA-- ane temaja rAjAonA traNa vibhAgeA pADI--AMdhrabhRtyA, AMdhrapatie zaka rAjAe--darekamAM karavA ceAgya marAmatanI dalIlapUrvaka batAvelI sUci tathA te AdhAre gAThavI ApelA rAjAonAM nAmeA ane rAjyakALa; chevaTe ubhI karI ApelI zAkhAce vaMzanI vaMzAvaLI--

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22 ] zatavahana vaMzane samaya [ aSTama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) kaI paNa pustakamAM nedhAyelI upalabdha thatI ja nathI. atyAra sudhImAM cAra pustake ApaNe A prAcIna haju A saMbaMdhamAM je kAMi thoDI ghaNI saMtoSa levA bhAratavarSane aMge lakhI cUkayA chIe. temAM Azare jevI sthiti mAlama paDe che te e ja ke, A vaMzanA 18thI 20 vaMzAnuM varNana Apa keTalAka rAjAonA zilAlekho tathA sikkAo maLI teno samaya vAmAM AvyuM che. temAM sAthI Ave che, ke jene Azraya laIne temane aMge prApta | nAnAmAM nAno avaMtipati zaka thatI anya truTaka hakIkatone 'vyavasthita banAvavA rAjAone rAjavaMza cAlo samajAya che. jene samaya prayAsa uThAvavo hoya te uThAvI zakAya tema che. temAM A papA vasA che tyAre isasImAM cAra keTale daraje saphaLa thavAya che te nirALo prazna che. pAMca vaMza lagabhaga ekabIjAnI aDoaDa AvIne paraMtu kudaratane niyama che ke, je prayatna karavAmAM ubhA rahe che, jemake kezaLapatine, vatsapatino, Ave che, bhale pahelIvAre ekadama suMdara pariNuma ane zizunAgavaMzIo ke jeo magadhapati hatA temano: upajAvI na zakAya, paraMtu pahelIvAra jeTalA aMze A traNe vaMza 730 thI 340 varSa sudhI potapotAnA te theye pahoMcI zakAyuM hoya, tene avalaMbIne pharIne pradezamAM hakumata upara rahyA hatA. temaja cakravaMzI AgaLa mahenata karavAmAM Ave to te dizAmAM vizeSa * avaMtipatioe paNa lagabhaga teTalo ja samaya ne vizeSa pragati jarura sAdhI zakAze; ane ema adhikAra bhogavyo che, paraMtu haju sudhI kaI paNa ke karatAM ekadA te kArya saMpUrNatAnI hade pahoMcI jaze ja. vaMze 350 varSa sudhI rAjavahIvaTa calAvyo hovAnuM A niyama dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ApaNe paNa ApaNo noMdhAyuM nathI. jyAre A zatavahanavaMza ke jenuM vRttAMta zatavahanavaMza 'rana vanAta adano prayAsa A kAryamAM Adaravo rahe che. lakhavAne ApaNe hAla udyama sevI rahyA chIe, te prathama ApaNe temanA samaya vizene mudo hAtha 350 varSa te zuM, paraMtu tethI paNa lagabhaga bevaDa dharIzuM. samaya paratve be bInA zodhavI paDaze. eka samaya sudhI rAjyAdhikAra bhogavavA bhAgyazALI nIvaDayo vazanA AraMbha kALa ane bIje temanA aMtane samaya. che. eTale saMdeharahita ema kahI zakAze ke ApaNe prathama temanA AraMbhakALanI tapAsa karIe. A prathama tema ALekhavA dhArela eka hajAra varSanA kALamAM je koI vaMzanA Adi purUSa tarIke rAjA zrImukhane sarva lekhakee paNa vaMze dIrdhamAM dI kALaparyata rAjasattA bhogavI ane itihAsakAroe lekhabhe che teTale aMze hoya te kevaLa A pravazaja che. eTaluM ja nahi sarva ekamata che. paraMtu tenA samaya vize ghaNo matari paNa, adyApiparyata sarva pradezanA itihAsamAM je je dekhAya che. keTalAke,-bake kahe ke moTAbhAge-tene rAjavaMzo noMdhAyelA dekhAya che te sarvemAM paNa A zata- IMgavaMzI puSyamitrane samakAlIna TherAvIne tenA vaMzanI vahana vaMzane naMbara, ekadama prathama ja Avate jaNAya sthApanA I. sa. pUnA bIjA saikAmAM nakkI kare che, che. chatAMye dilagIrI upaje tevI bInA e che ke, chatAMye varSanuM nakakIpaNuM to batAvatA nathI ja, jyAre tenA samayanI ke tenA rAjAonAM nAmanI ke temanA keTalAka zaMkAzIla hAIne jaNAve che ke, "with anakamanI ke temanI ekaMdara saMkhyAnI ke temanA regard to the Andhras, the more pratyekanA rAjakALanI cokkasa ane vizvasanIya mAhitI certain evidence of inscriptions assigns (1) A viSayanI keTalIka chaNAvaTa pu. 3mAM puSyamitrana nahIM, paraMtu zramukhane samaya te puSyamitranI pUrve lagabhaga vRttAte tathA pu. 4 mAM rAjA khAravelanA vRttAte aneka dalIlo be aDhI sadI uparano che. ApIne karI batAvI che. aMte sAbita karyuM che ke, puSya. (2) ke, hi. I. pR. 522. mitra ane rAja kImukha kadApi samasamayI hatA ja mahI na jAya

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dvitIya paricheda ] zatavahana vaMzane samaya [ 23 them to a period which is in flagrant mAnyatA vizenA-pAyAnuM caNatara ja jyAM khasI contradiction to the position which jAya che, tyAM pachI te upara bAMdhala sarve anumAnarUpI they occupy in the Puranas=zilAlekhI imArata paNa DagamagI jAya te dekhItuM ja che. A purAvo je vadhAre cokkasa gaNAya che, te AMdhranI saMbaMdhamAM have vizeSa uhApoha na karatAM eTaluM ja bAbatamo evo samaya batAve che ke je sthiti-samaya jaNAvIzuM ke pu. 4mAM rAjA khAravelanA rAjyAraMbhanA temanA mATe purANamAM AlekhAyAM che tenAthI ekadama samayane nirNaya je ApaNe ma. sa. 98=I. sa. pU. viruddha janArAM che." matalaba ke, purANonI hakIkatene 42mAM karI batAvyo che tathA jene ja AdhAra laIne, AdhAre je samaya vidvAnoe goThavyo che te hAthIgakAmAM darzAvela samayaaMtaranI gaNatrIthI rAjA samaya temanA ja zilAlekhAne AdhAre goThavAtA zrImukhane samaya eTale ke tenA vaMzanI Adi-ma. e. samayanI sAthe leza paNa baMdha besato nathI. 100=I. sa. pU. 427mAM TharAvI che, te taddana satya amArUM pitAnuM ema mAnavuM thAya che ke, purANanI che tathA saMdeharahita che ema hAla te mAnavuM ja hakIkata to sAcI ja che paraMtu temAMthI tArI kaDhAta raheze. vaLI A se nA AMka uparathI temanA vaMzanuM samaya ja khoTo che; vAstavika rIte purANanI ane nAma kema zatavahana pADavAmAM AvyuM che tathA temane lekhanI hakIkata to eka ja sthiti darzAve che, zA mATe "zAta rAjAo' kahIne saMbodhAya che, te sarva ekabIjAnA samarthanarUpa che. paraMtu purANamAMnI je sthiti AgaLanA parichede spaSTatApUrvaka jaNAvI hakIkatane mULa pAyA tarIke svIkArIne teo AgaLa dIdhI che. eTale have te vize jarAe zaMkA uThAvavA vadhavA maLyA che te maLapAyAnA svIkAramAM ja temanI jevuM rahetuM ja nathI. jethI temanA vaMzanI Adina galatI thayelI che ane tethI ja teone sarva hakIkatamAM samaya nizcita thaI gaye kahevAze. have te vaMzanA asAme najare paDatuM jaNAya che. eTale sAro rasto e aMtanA samayano vicAra karIzuM. kahevAya che. purANone doSa kADhavA karatAM temaNe pite ja "DAinesTIjha eNka dhI kali eIja" nAme pote mULa pAyA vize nirNaya bAMdhavAmAM kAMI skUlanA karI lakhela pustakamAM (juo tenAM pR. 36 tathA 71) mi. cheke kema tenI tapAsa prathama khAsa karIne hAtha dharavAne pATare je aneka paurANika graMthonuM pate saMzAdhana prAraMbha kare. amAruM A kathana rAjA khAravelanA hAthI- karyuM che. teno AdhAra TAMkIne sAra rUpe pate jaNAve che guMdAnA lekhavALA magadhapati haspatimitra ke jene ke A vaMzanA 30 rAjA thayA che tathA temane ekaMdara teoe rAja puSyamitra dhArI lIdhA che tene aMge thAya rAjyakALa 460 varSane kahevAya che. majakura abhiche. A mado khUba jhINuMvaTathI lagabhaga be Dajhana prAyane samarthana ApatAM. ke. hi. I. lekhake 5. 318 dalIlo ApIne ame pu. 4mAM pR. 252 thI 266 upara jaNAvyuM che ke, A dynasty of 30 kings sudhImAM cha che tathA te bAda paNa je be cAra who ruled over Magadh during a sthAne A hakIkatane puSTi maLatI dekhAI che tyAM te period of 460 years=jemaNe 460 varSa jeTalo vize isAra karI batAvyuM che. eTale have siddha thayuM kALa magadha upara rAjya karyuM che tevA 30 rAjAonA gaNAze ke rAjA puSyamitra ane magadhapati bRhaspati- vaMza"; eTale ke mi. pAchaTaranirNita 460 varSanA mitra kadApi eka hoI zake tema che ja nahIM. ane tema samayane temaNe kabalo te che ja; uparAMta vizeSamAM thI eTale te bena-zrImukha ane puSyamitrane-samakAlIna umeryuM che ke, A rAjAonI hakamata magadha deza upara lekhI zakAya tema paNa nathI. A pramANe temanA kathananI hatI. ke te vize temaNe AdhArano nirdeza karyo (3) 460 varSamAM sarvasamaya paryata tenI hakamata hatI ke amuka varSa pUratI ja hatI te che ke spaSTapaNe temAMthI maLatuM

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- - 1 24 ] zatavahana vaMzane samaya [ aSTama khaMDa nathI eTale teTalo bhAga mAnI levAne ApaNuM paNa tarI Ave che. chatAM dhIrajathI je tapAsa aMtaHkaraNa acakAze kharuM). tevI ja rIte anya samartha karAya to teno ukela hAtha lAgI jAya paNa kharo. itihAsakAra mi. vinsenTa smitha (juo 3jI AvRtti. upara jaNAvela vidvAnoe saMmati darzAvela 460 mAM pR. 212) paNa jaNAve che ke According varSanA samayane jo ApaNe svIkArI laIe te, to Puranas the dynasty lastsd for tenA AraMbhakALanA samayane I. sa. pU. 4ra7 ne 450-56-60 years=purANagraMthe pramANe A (upara juo) TharAvatAM. A vaMzane aMta I. sa. vaMza 450-56-60 varSa paryaMta cAlyo che. vaLI eka pU. 4ra7 + 460=I. sa. 33nA arasAmAM anya sthAne (jIo eziyATIka rIsarca pu. 9, pR. A mAna rahe che. paraMtu temanA zilAlekho 100) paNa te ja matalabanuM lakhANa che. It lasted ane sikkAo jotAM te, A upara darzAvela 456 to 458 years= (vaMza) 456 thI 458 I. sa. 33no AMka kayAM kayAMya pAchalI varSa sudhI cAlyo che. A pramANe A cAre vidvAne paDI jato dekhAya che. eTale evA anumAna upara te vaMzano ekaMdara rAjyakALa 45thI 460 jaNAvI javuM rahe che ke, jema aneka bAbatomAM banatuM AvyuM rahyA che. jyAre mi. pAchaTare te vaMzanA pRthaka che tema, purANakAronuM kathana te sAcuM ja haze paraMtu pRthaka rAjAonAM nAmo tathA temanA rAjyakALanA je temanA kathananuM daSTibiMdu ApaNane samajAyuM na hovAthI, AMkaDA UtAryA che teno saravALo karatAM to te samaye kaIrIte tenI gaNatrI levI tene pa lagAvI zakatA nathI. 363 varSano ja thAya che. A viSayanI caco, ja. eTale hAla te te bAbata mulatavI rAkhavI ThIka paDI, bAM. bR. ra. e. sa. 1927nI sAlanA, pu. 3, dakSiNa hiMdanA ItihAsanA eka viziSTa abhyAsI bhAga 2mAM, kone cha bAI ema. DaphamAM tathA ja, ane graMthakartAe, pitAnA vicAraA bAbatamAM bi. o. pI. se. 5.3 5, 246thI 262 sudhImAM jaNAvatAM lakhyuM che ke "On the decline (not karAI hoya ema dekhAya che. paraMtu darekamAM meLa khAte the end) of Andhra Dynasty about nathI. keImAM nAmanA pheraphAro najare paDe che te vaLI the year 302 A. D., for there is a koInA kramamAM phera dekhAya che, to vaLI keAImAM coin of a Satvalan king bearing that pratyekane rAjakALanA samayamAM phera paDe che. A date=I. sa. 382nI AsapAsa kemake te tArIkhapramANe dareka rIte cUMthaNa mAlama paDe che. eTale ke vALa satavahanavaMzI rAjAne sikkA maLe che. Ama A kArya vizeSa kaThIna hoya, ema upara Tapaka jotAM vaMzanI paDatI (aMta nahIM) thavAthI" eTale temane nathI paraMtu temaNe magadhapati tarIke rAjya kyuM che eTaluM merates 29 kings=masyapurANanAM kathana, anya te teo cokkasapaNe jaNAve che ja, (zA AdhAre A kyana sAdhana dvArA prakAzita hakIktane ghaNuM ja maLatAM Ave che. uccArAyuM che tene nirdeza karyo nathI). masyapurANamAM A vaMza ekaMdare 460 varSa cAlyAnuM ane (4) A aMkanI sArthakatA kaI rIte vyAjabI kare tema temAM 29 rAjA thayAnuM jaNAve che. che te bAbata AgaLa upara lakhIzuM. (19 rAjA vizenI (5) jue . sa. I. pu. 2, pR. 76. hakIkata juo). (6) paDatI dazA eTale bhagavAna tene aMta ja samajAya ke. A. re. pU. 25, pArI. 32-statements con- kemake paDatI dazA eTale khaMDiyApaNuM temaja mahatvatAnI tained in the Matsya-puran are remarkably nistejatA; ene artha te chagyA na jIvyA te badhuM ja in accordance with the facts as known from sarakhuM gaNAya che. eTale mULa zabda "paDatI' hovA other sources. The Matsya gives the total .chatAM tenA anuvAdamAM meM (aMtazaba) jevo bhAvArtha period of the dynasty as 460 years and enu- batAvyo che.

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dvitIya paricheda ] zatavahana vaMza [ 25 kahevuM ema che ke, zatavahanavaMzI rAjAne koI sikko thoDAMka varSe temane mahArASTrane mUlAka khAlI karI ja 2i i. sa. 302 sudhInA maLI AvyuM che jethI mAnavuM paDa hato te anizcita che. paraMtu vizeSa sattAvAra rahe che ke tyAM sudhI to te vaMzanI haiyAtI hatI ja. I. sa. anya pramANe na maLI rahe tyAM sudhI mAnavuM rahe che 302 pachI A vaMza khatama thaI gayo gaNAya. A ke A Izvaradatta ja temane dUra haThAvI dIdhA hatA. hisAbe tene aMtarama. saM. 57+302=929 mAM matalaba ke, je AMdhrapatione I. sa. 147 mAM thayo jaNAze ane tenI Adi ma. saM. 100mAM thayela che ca9Ne gujarAta khAlI karAvarAvyuM hatuM te ja ca9NajethI AkhA vaMzano sattAsamaya lagabhaga 829-100 kSatrapanA eka saradAre, pAchA temane pIcho pakaDIne I. =29 varSa gaNavo paDaze. jyAM purANakArane 46 0 sa. 261mAM vizeSa dakSiNamAM tuMgabhadrA nadI taTe vijaya varSa te vaMza cAlyo havAne mata ane kyAM A 729 nagaramAM haThI javAnI pharaja pADI hatI. sAra e thayo ke varSa sudhI cAlyAne mata? chatAM jo A pramANe ja AdhavaMzanI paDatI I. sa. 261 sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. vastusthiti hoya to, jarUra sikkAI purAvAthI kAI ane I. sa. 261=ma. saM. para7+261788 gaNAya; vizeSa majabUta AdhAra gaNAtA na hovAne kAraNe vaLI temanI Adi ma. saM. 100mAM thayAnuM noMdhAyuM ApaNe tene mAnya rAkhavI paDaze paraMtu te mahAzaye che. te hisAbe temane sattAkALa ekaMdare 788-100 te sikkAnuM nAma temaja temAM kaI sAla asala =688 varSane kahI zakAze. ApaNI gaNatrI A pramANe akSaromAM jaNAvela che, te muddA upara prakAza pADela na thAya che. paraMtu purANakAre darzAvela mata je kaccha hovAthI, temane maLatA thavAmAM thoDoka saMkeca bhogava rAkhIe to temanA kathana pramANe to AMdravaMza 450thI paDe che. jyAre bIjI tarapha sikkAnA AdhAre cakaNavaMzI 460 varSa cAlu rahyo gaNAya che. vaLI ApaNane kSatraponA itihAsa paratve ApaNe jANuM zakyA chIe ke jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke purANomAM AMdhra te samayanA AMdravaMzI bhrapatine saurASTra tathA gujarAtamAM ane AMdhrapati evA be zabda prayogo va5rAyA che. harAvIne avaMtipati cakraNe i. sa. 141-ramAM tenI temAMnA AMdhrabhatyAnuM birUda (juo uparamAM pR. 20) paDatInI Adi karI che. vaLI kALe karIne A caTTaNa- samrATa priyadazinanA maraNa bAda (I. sa. pU. 25) vaMzI kSatrapamAMnA AThamA dAmasena ane navamA yazo- eka rIte to baMdha thayuM che, chatAMye je AMdhrapati samrATa dAmananA rAjyakALa vaccenA I. sa. 261 thI 264 priyadarzinanA maraNa samaye gAdI upara hato tenuM sudhInA (juo pu.3, pR. 383) traNa varSanA gALAmAM, maraNa I. sa. pU. 224mAM thayuM che (juo vaMzAvaLI dakSiNa hiMdanA temanA sUbA Izvaradatta Amire svataMtra AgaLa upara), eTale vyavahAra rIte te rAjAnA banI pitAnA saiphUTakavaMzanI sthApanA karI che ane maraNa bAda ja svataMtra AMdhrapatio thayA gaNAya. AMdhrapatione vizeSa dakSiNamAM hAMkI kADhayA che. A have je AMdhrapationo rAjyakALa 469 gaNIe Izvaradate ja temane hAMkI kADhayA che ke te pahelAMthI te I. sa. pU. 224 mAM 460 umeratAM I. sa. 236 | (8) jue pu. 4, pR. 16 tathA pu. 3, 5. 405 gaNI zakAya tene ja, purANakAroe aMtano samaya gaNA paLa DeluM kASTaka; temAM bIjuM Asana pAzcAtya kSatrapAnuM hoya to, I. sa. pU. 427thI mAMDIne te 570 varSa cAle ane pAMcamuM Asana AMbapationuM che, temAM sIdhI gaNAze. ane vAraMvAra AMkaDAonI thatI galatI je prAcIna rITI derIne samaya paranI tulanA karI batAvI che. itihAsamAM najare paDe che tevo akasmAta A hakIkate te jAe. paNa thavA pAmyo hoya te kadAca 57 ne sthAne 470 | (8) nIcenI TIkA naM. 15 juo. noMdhAI gayA hoya! zuM A pramANe banavA pAmya che! 9) ne A 14 mAMthI AmanI paDatIne samaya je (10) jue u5ranI TIka naM. 9,

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26 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ amakhaDuM karavAmAM, prathamamAM prathama suvyavasthita kheDANa je kAie karyuM heAya, te te mi. pATara che. temaNe potAnA 'DAInesTIjha opha dhI kalI eInDajha'mAM, pR. 36 tathA 71-72 upara, aneka purANAnI hastalikhita pratA meLavIne AMdhravaMzI rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI upajAvI kADhI che. temaja kA. AM. rU.nA kartA Rs1. rUpsane ane mi. vinsenTa smithe paNa, A dizAmAM ThIkaThIka prayatna karyAM che. chatAM amArI najare temAM aneka sudhArA sudhI cADhyA kahevAro, jyAre uparamAM te ApaNe tene I. sa. 261 sudhI11 cAlyA haiAvAnuM anumAna darzAvyuM che. paraMtu sAthe sAthe ema jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke, Izvaradatte temane hAMkI kADhayA te pUrve temane mahArASTra khAlI karavuM pAyuM hatuM ke kema te anizrita che. eTale purANakAranuM kathana--temanA kathananuM dRSTi biMdu satya tarIke svIkAravA samajavA mATe, AMdhra patinuM chevaTa i. sa. 236mAM laI javuM rahe che ane nizcitapaNe ema mAnavuM paDero ke AMdhravaMzanA aMta-sUcavavAne sthAna raheluM najare paDe che. kyAM kyAM te mATe avakAza che te meAdhama jaNAvavA karatAM prathama temaNe karelA nirNayanI ApaNe noMdha laIe ane tenuM avalaMbana lai temAM karavA joItA sudhArA mATe dalIlapUrvaka sUcanAo17 raju karIe. temaNe je vaMzAvaLI tAravI kADhI che te kiMcita pheraphAra sAthe (bIjA vidvAnAnA maMtavyanI meLavaNI karIne) A pramANe cheHvarSe tene badale kahA ke paDatI-sAthe Izvaradatta Abhira patinA saMbaMdha je kalpyA che te kadAca kharAkhara haze. AkhIye carcAnA sAra e nIkaLyA ke, zatavahana vaMzanA prAraMbha ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. 427 mAM ane tenA aMta i. sa. 161 mAM AvyA che eTale tanA sattAkALa 420+261=68812 varSa saMkhAyA che. vaLI AkhAye satavahana vaMzanA avibhAga pADavAmAM AvyA che. pahelA vibhAga AMdhrabhRtyA tarIkenA che. tenA rAjyakALa 203 varSanA ane khIjo vibhAga AMdhrapatinA, tenA 460 athavA 485 varSanA che. AMka nAma 7 jyAM sarva kAMI aMdhArAmAM DAya tyAM game tevA prayatna karAya chatAM ekadama phaLIbhUta thavAtuM nathI. tema saMzAdhana kAyA~ ja evuM che ke, dhImedhIme ekane eka bAbatamAM maMDyA rahIe teA kALa jatAM, kAryAM game tevuM kaparUM hAya tAye tenA uDDala AvI jAya che ja. eTale ApaNe paNa dhIrajathI AgaLa vadhavuM rahe che. nAmAvaLI ubhI karavAmAM 3 AMkasaMkhyAnuM nirmANa temanI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI tathA rAjyakALa (11) i. sa. 78 ane 103 (caTTaNa'rAnI sthApanAne kharA samagra)nI vaccenA 25 varSInA phera jespaSTa bhAse che te A 236mAM umeratAM 261 AvI rahe che. (12) nIce pU. 31, TI. naM. 21 mAM 661 lakhyA che: ahIM 663 Ave cheH A be varasanA phera eTalA mATe che ke judA judA vibhAge nAnA varSoM DhAMca tene Akhu mavAmAM Ave che temaja i. sa. pU. ane 4. sa. nA AMka nAma ( 1 ) zrImukha ( 2 ) kRSNa ( 3 ) 12 zrI sAtakarNI (zrI mallika), 10 (4) pUrNAMbhaMga (5) skaMdhastaMbhI 18 ( 6 ) zAtakaraNa (7) lakhAdara ( 8 ) Apilika 56 18 (divilaka) 12 ( 9 ) medhasvAti 18 (10) svAti 18 varSa : 23 10 (11) skaMdasvAti (12) mRgeMdra (mRgeMdra svAtikarNa) 3 (13) kuMtala (kuMtala zAMtakaraNa) 8 (14) svAtivarNa (15 pulAmAvi 1 (padumAna) 36 (16) ariSTakaNuM 25 5 (17) hAla (18) maMtalaka urphe pattazA 5 varSAmAM khAda karatAM judI ja patie kAma levAya che tene laine, A phera paDayA samajavA. bAkI tA 661 sAcA aMka jAve. (13) AmAMnI keTalIka dalIlA, AdhArA tathA purAvA pu.. 4para nAmAvaLI ane vaMzAvaLI ApatI vakhate tyAM utAryA che, tathA keTalAka te te rAjAonAM vRttAMtamAM apAyA che te tyAMthI joi levA.

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dvitIya pariccheda ] AMka nAma varSa (19) purikasena (puriMdrasena) 21 (20) suMdara zAtakaraNa 1 (21) cakAra huM mAsa (22) zIvasvAti 28 (23) gautamIputra (24) pulAmA (24) zAtakaraNa 29 21 28 tathA rAjyakALa [ 27 varSe kAIpaNa birUda rahita, ema be prakAranA rAjA tarIke eLakhAvyA che eTale ApaNe paNa temane anukrame 3 29 t 10 7 (zIvazrI pulAmA) cha AMdhrabhRtyA ane AMdhrapati tarIke eLakhAvIe te sathA ucita ja lekhAze; jethI AkhA vaMzane ApaNe e vibhAgamAM vaheMcI nAkhavA paDayA che ema samajavuM raheze. bIjI hakIkata je samayane lagatI che te paNa be vibhAgamAM ja vaheMcI nAMkhavI paDaze kemake, jyAre temanA vaMzane ja e vibhAge chUTA pADayA che tyAre temanA samaya nirmANa mATe paNa e vibhAga karavA ja me rahyA. vaLI vizeSa AvazyaktA tA eTalA uparathI phrIsI Ave che ke, AkhAvaMzanA sattAkALa ApaNe lagabhaga 663 varSanA sAbIta karI khatAnyeA che tyAre purANakArA tA tene mAtra 460 varSanA ja heAvAnuM jaNAve che; chatAMye pAITara sAheba, jemaNe purANA uparathI badhuM moMdhI karIne tAravaNI karI che ane jemaNe tene AdhAre ja kAma lIdhe rAkhyuM che, temaNe ja nAMdhI khatAvela AMkanA kula saravALA tA 460te badale 481 varSanA thAya che. eTale ke A sarve prAthamika najare jue tene paNa temAM aneka prakAranI asaMgatatA dekhAI Ave che. matalaba ke ALakha ane samaya--e baMne prakAre vicAraNA karatAM siddha thAya che ke rAjAonI nAmAvaLamAM kayAMka bheda pAyala haze; tethI tapAsa karavI rahe che ke, kayA vibhAgamAM 29 rAjAe thayA hatA ane kayA vibhAga 460 varSa paryaMta sattA upara rahyo hatA athavA tA kAI vaLI trIjuM ja tattva temAM dhusI gayuM che ke kema ? prAcIna samaye samasta bhAratavarSamAM gaNarAjya athavA akendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanA pracalita DhAvAthI, parAjita rAjAne khaMDiyA-bhRtya DhAvAnuM kabUla karAvIne tenA rAjyAsane tene punaH sthApita karavAmAM AvatA hatA; jyAre samrATa priyadarzinanA maraNu bAda-I. sa. pU.nI khIjI sadInA aMta khAda, svataMtra rAjyatva athavA kendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanA sthApita thavA lAgI hatI, eTale parAjIta rAjAnuM rAjya vijetAnA rAjya sAthe bheLavI devAmAM AvatuM hatuM, jethI khaMDiyApaNuM adazya thaI te sarva rAjA AMka nAma (25) zIvazrI (26) zIvaskaMdha (27) yajJazrI. (28) vijaya (29) caMdrazrI (30) pulAmAna kula varSa 481 uparamAM ApaNe pratyeka rAjavInI traNa khAkhatA vicAravA mATe darzAvI che. eka temanA anukrama AMka, bIjuM temanuM nAma ane trIjI temane zAsanasamaya. A traNe muddA zeAdhavAnI jarUra che. eka pachI eka laI ne vicArIe. kADhI paraMtu pArthaTara sAhebe je nAmAvaLI upajAvI che temAM AMka saMkhyA 30 nI lakhI che. khArikAIthI nihALatAM, 24 ane 25 nI vacce 24A nA AMka che eTale tene gaNatrImAM letAM te saMkhyA 31 nI caze. athavA jo 30 nI ja saMkhyA kAyama rAkhavI hoya teA, 24 vALuM nAma, 24 ke 25 mAnA, khIjA nAma tarIke lekhavuM paDaze. paraMtu temaNe teA purANAnA AdhAre te saMkhyA trIsa ke ekatrIsane badale ulaTI ekanI echI khatAvIne te 29 hAvAnuM darzAvyuM che eTale vAraMvAra jema banatuM AvyuM che tema, atre paNa purANakAranA te kathananuM dhyeya kAMI anya ja hAvuM oie. jethI mAnavuM rahe che ke, samagra samuhe 30 ke 31 ne badale AkhA vaMzane temaNe be vibhAgamAM vaheMcI nAMkhyA DhAvA joie; jemAMnA eka vibhAge 29 nI saMkhyAnA samAveza thai jatA hAya ane khIjA vibhAge krAi anya saMkhyA tenAthI taddana alaga ja hAya. A anumAnane e hakIkatathI TakA maLatA jaNAya che. eka temanI oLakhanA aMgenI che ane khIjI temanA samayanA aMgenI che. oLakha saMbaMdhamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, temaNe keTalAkane AMdhrabhRtyA tarIke ane keTalAkane

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28 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa pitApitAnA rAjya vistAramAM svataMtra banI rahetA; priyadarzinanA maraNa pUrva-akendrita rAjyatvanI bhAvanAne je kera paDato te eTalo ja ke hArI jatA rAjAno lepa thayo te pUrve-lagabhaga sAta rAjAo thai rAjayavistAra pitAnI hAranA pramANamAM ane gayA che ( AgaLa upara nAmAvaLI je goThavI karavAmAM AvatI sulehanI zaratene Adhina rahIne batAvI che te juo.) temAMthI prabhutyA ane AMdhrateTalA aMze saMkucita banatA hatA. A paristhitino pati tarIke kaNa kaNa gaNAya te benI vacce kAMIka khyAla ApaNe pR. 18 thI 20 sudhImAM spaSTapaNe (demarcation line) bheda pADI batAve AMdhrabhUtyA zabdanuM vivecana karatAM ApI gayA chIe. jarA kaThIna che, kemake je samaye A rAjyapaddhati temaja AgaLa upara prasaMgopAta ApavAmAM paNa nAbuda thavA mAMDI che tyAre teno amala kAMI ekadama Avaze (khAsa karIne zAtakaraNi chaThThA ane sAtamAnA thavA nahote mAMDayo; temaja samrATa priyadarzinanA rAjya vRttAMtamAM). A niyamAnusAra AMdravaMzI rAjA- maraNa samaye je zAtakaraNi gAdi upara hato te emAM paNa be varga haiyAtI dharAvatA hatA. eka pote A baMne padane bhogI paNa thayo che. eTale AMdhrabhUtyA ane bIje svataMtra AMdhrapatie. tene AMdhrabhUtyamAM lekho ke AMdhrapatimAM lekha purANakAre 29 rAjAo hovAnuM je jaNAvyuM te prazna thAya che. AvI paristhiti hovAne aMge che temane AMdhrapati tarIkenuM birada apyuM che. jyAre keTalIka apekSAe AMdhrabhAtyAnI saMkhyA 6 thI 15 A vaMzanA Adi purUSane temaja te bAda zayela 10 sudhI 16 paNa gaNavI rahe che. (je AgaLa keTalAka theDAone-sAtakaraNi kahIne temaNe be- upara AMdhrabhUtyAne pArigrApha samajAvIzuM). A dhyA che. A birUdanI satyatA temanA pitAnA hisAbe banne varganA maLIne ra9 + 7 thI 10 =36thI zilAlekha ane sikkA upara kAtarAvela nAma upa- 39 rAjAe thayo kahevAze. rathI paNa ApaNane maLI Ave che, eTale samajAya kITajharADa hola (Fitzerald Hall) nAmane che, jemane purANakAre adhapati kahIne saMbodhyA vidvAna AMdhrapati rAjAonI saMkhyA mAtra 19nI che te, ApaNane upara samajAvela vyAkhyA pramANenA ja kahe che. te kathana paNa eka rIte vicAravA svataMtra adhipatio ja haze ane gaNarAjya cogya che. teno ukela amArI matithI nIce pramANe paddhatinA kALa daramyAna je AMdhravaMzIo thaI gayA e rIte ApI zakAya che. (1) eka e ke itihAsanA teo sAtakaraNi athavA to temanA rAjyatvanA jJAnathI ApaNe ema te jANIe chIe ke, mobhA pramANe adrabhUtya ke sAmAnya zatavahanavaMzI AMdhrapatiomAM eka e prabaLa pratApI ane ItyAdithI oLakhAvatA haze. A uparathI eTale parAkramI rAjA thaye che ke jeNe "zakasaMvata' ( juo sAra nIkaLe che ke, samrATa priyezananA maraNa bAda 5. 4 pR. 99 tathA A pustake AgaLa upara) je AMdhrapati thayA hatA temanI saMkhyA 29 hatI, pravartAvyo hato. eTale tenA uddabhava sudhInA rAjAevuM purANakAro jaNAve che.14 jyAre samrATa mAMdhatA tarIke ane te Ata thaze, (14) bIjI rIte paNa 29 nI saMkhyA batAvI zakAya sAthenI saMkhyA 7 nI kahevAya. jyAre vacce naM. 4 no rAjA che te mATe juo nIcenI TIkA ne. 19 nuM mULa che te be vakhata gAdIe AvyuM che eTale tenuM nAma be lakhANuM, vakhata gaNue to tenI saMkhyA 8nI kahevAze. (15) zAtakaraNinI saMkhyAne AMka 7 ne che; te (16) uparamAM 6, 7 ane 8ne khulAse A AMdhrapati tarIke paNa gaNAya tema che. eTale tene nAbara bAda che, jyAre 9 ane 10nA AMkanA khulAsA mATe nIcenI karIe to te sivAyanA 6 AMdhrabhRtya kahevAya ane tenI TIka naM. 8 juo..

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dvitIya pariccheda ] . tathA rAjyakALa, [ 29 zaka saMvatanA sthApakanA vaMza tarIke oLakhAvI kathanano sAra e nIkaLe che ke, rAjA apilaka . zakAya. A pramANe banavA pAmyuM hoya te kAMI sudhInA nava rAjAone18 bhulyA kahevA joIe ane ayogya paNa nahIM kahevAya. A gaNatrIthI uparanI te bAda 10 mAM rAjAthI mAMDI 28-30 sudhInA 29nI saMkhyAmAMthI prathamanA 10 ne AMdhrapati 19 rAjAone AMdhrapati kahevA joIe, ane gaNavA ane zeSa rahetA 17 athavA pAchaLanA 10ne te bAda to temane rAjanagaranuM mukhya mathaka je zaka saMvata sthApakanA vaMzajo kahevA. A pramANe paiThaNa hatuM te tyajI daIne tuMgabhadrA nadInA taTa AMdhrapatinA be vibhAga pADatI vakhate paNa je upara vijayanagara AsapAsanA nAnA pradezanA eka muzkelI AMdhrabhutya ane AMdhrapatinA bheda pADatA nAnA jAgIradAra tarIke jIvana gujAravuM paDayuM hovAthI, jaNAI hatI te ADI AvI ne ubhI rahe che. kemake na to temane AMdhrapati tarIke oLakhAvavA. rahe 19mA AMdhrapatine rAjyakALa keTaloka pasAra thaI ke na te temane bhAratIya pradezanA moTA rAjavaMzanA gayo hato tyAre ja zaka pravartAvavAno prasaMga prApta rAjavIo tarIkenI gaNanA karavI rahe. eTale temanA thayo hato eTale tenuM nAma paNa banne vibhAgamAM kahevA pramANe AkhA vaMzanA 9 + 19 = 28 noMdhavuM paDaze. (2) bIjI rIta e ke-(ane je vadhAre aThThAvIza ja rAjA gaNavA joIe. temAM paNa prathamanA vajanadAra kahI zakAya tema che kemake te sthiti sikkA navamAMthI cothA naMbaravALe rAjA be vakhata gAdI uparathI sAbita thaI zake che, ) A AMdhruvaMzanI upara ArUDha thayela hovAthI te saMkhyAmAM ekanI paDatI avaMtIpati mahAkSatrapa rAjA cappaNanA vaMza je vRddhi karI AMdhrapationI saMkhyA 28ne sthAne 29nI I. sa. 236no AsapAsamAM te vakhatanA paiThaNapatine paNa gaNI zakAya ke je pramANe purANakAronuM harAvIne dakSiNamAM haThI javAnI pADela pharajane kahevuM thatuM hatuM ane jene ukela uparamAM 19 ApaNe samayathI gaNavI rahe che. te rAjAne AMka naM. 28 thI anyathA sUcavyA che. 30 che. (juo AgaLa uparanI nAmAvalI). A phITajharAlDa sAhebanA kathana uparathI eka bIjI 28 mAMthI 19 ne bAda karIe te huM Avaze ane vastusthitine ukela paNa maLI Ave che ke je te rAjA apilakane che. eTale phITajharADa sAhebanA rAjapaddhatinuM dhoraNa cAlyuM AvatuM hovAnuM tathA (17) sikAnA abhyAsathI mAluma paDe che ke mAMDa- ekane vadhAre karIe te apilakano AMka 10 mAM Avaze. lika paNuM (Semi-dependent)te TheTha zikArI vikramA. ane uparanA naM. 4nA rAjavInuM nAma bene badale eka dityanA samaya sudhI (I. sa. pU. 57) gheDe ghaNe aMze vakhata ja gaNAya te AdhatyAnI saMkhyA nI kahevAze, cAlu ja rahyuM che. temAMya AMdravaMzI rAjAonA sikkA- paraMtu AMdhasatyAnI saMkhyA 7 nI ja hoya te 19 AmAMthI " hajainanuM cinha" nAbuda thayuM che eTale te AMdhapati gaNatAM je rAjAne caThaNu vaMzIe harAvyA tene darie pratyanuM birUda vikramAdityanA samakAlina naM. naM. 28 ApaNe lekhAvyo che tene badale tene 26 me karo 17 AMdhrapati sudhI cAlu hatuM ema kahI zakAya. (bIjI paDaze. ane te hisAbe AkhIye TharAvelI vaMzAvaLImAM bAjI ema paNa lAge che ke hajainanuM cinha te A naM. 7 thI 28 sudhImAM kaIka be rAjAne kamI karavA paDaze. rAjAonuM mitrAcArIdarzaka che. nahIM ke mAMDalikapaNAnI saMkhyA kamI karavA chatAM samayanuM aMtara te (naM. 7 thI sthiti sUcavatuM.) 28 sudhInuM) kAyama ja raheze. eTale be rAjA kamI thatAM (18) A gaNatrIe nava AMbabhratyA kahevAya, te bAkInA rAjyakALanA varSamAM pheraphAra karavo raheze. A pheraphAra mAMye naM. 4 vALo bhUpati be vakhata gAdIe Avyo che. ariSTAkarNa ane naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNinI vaccenA gALAmAM ane te be vakhatanI vacce eka anya rAjavInuM rAjya daza ja karavo raheze. tenuM kAraNa AgaLa upara jaNAze. varSa cAlyuM che. eTale te hisAbe je AMka saMkhyAmAM () jIo u5ramAM TI. naM. 14,

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30 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa anya aitihAsika paristhiti atyAra sudhI ApaNe nAnA putra taraphathI nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM rAja karatI manAvatA AvyA chIe, te sarvane samarthana maLI rANI nA nikAnA pati tarIke je yajJazrIne jatuM puravAra thaI jAya che. jemake, rAjA apilakanuM oLakhAvyo che te ja vyakti che, tenuM vizeSa varNana maraNa I. sa. pU. 195mAM thayAnuM ApaNe vaMzAvaLImAM tenA rAjyAdhikAre batAvIzuM). te vakhatathI A prAMta darzAvyuM che. te samaye avaMtipati tarIke zregavaMzI upara avAranavAra AMdhavaMzanuM. naMdavaMzanuM ane mauryaagnimitranuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. teNe vidarbhapatine vazanuM sArvabhaumatvapaNuM badalAtuM rahyuM che. chevaTe harAvIne tenI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM zaMgavaMzI agnimitranA tAbe te pradeza Avyo che. hatuM. A vidarbhapati kadAca AMdhrapati apilaka (A badhI hakIkata pratyekanA sikkA uparathI sAbita pote paNa hoya athavA to tenA hAtha taLeno keAI karI zakAya che). agnimitranA maraNa bAda zuMgasubo jene mahArathI birada apAtuM hatuM ane A vaMzanI paDatI thatAM ane te samaye kendritabhAvanAnI prAMta upara AMdhrapati taraphathI hakumata calAvate have saMpUrNapaNe sthApanA thaI javAthI "bhratyA" kahevarAte paNa hoya. eTale sIdhI ke ADakatarI rIte zaMga- vavAnI prathA baMdha paDI gaI che ane AMdhrapatie vaMzInA khaMDiyA tarIke AMdhrapatioe potAne bhatyA svataMtra vaMzanA bhUpatio tarIke oLakhAvavA maMDayA jAhera rIte svIkAryA hatA. A vastusthiti kema che. matalaba ke A gaNatrIthI Apilaka te chelle ja banavA pAmI hatI tenuM anusaMdhAna paNa atre saMkSi- AMdhrabhUtya hatA. dazamA naMbaravALA rAjA AvI samAM jaNAvI daIe eTale barAbara samajI zakAze. prathama AMdhrapati hatA, ane je naM. 28nA rAjAne A vidarbhaprAMta upara magadhapati tarIke naMdavaMzanI mahAkSatrapa caMNunA vaMza je I. sa. 236 AsapAsa sattA cAlatI hatI ane te pradezauparanA sagAne harAvyA che te aMtima AMdhrapati hato. mahArathI nAmathI saMbodhAto hato. (juo pu. 1 mAM uparamAM judI judI rIte je samajAtio ane naMdavaMzanuM vRttAMta tathA pu. 3 mAM agnimitrane vRttAMta). ukela karI batAvyA che tene samagra rIte TuMka sAra naMdavaMzI rAjA mahApa athavA naMdabIjAnA maraNa samaye A pramANe karI zakAze. AkhA vaMzanA traNa vibhAga rAjagAdI mATe jhagaDe ubhe thayo hato temAM chevaTe (1) AMdhrabhUtvA (1) AMdhrapati (3) ane zaka kSatriyANI putrone magadhapati banAvavAmAM AvyA hatA rAjAo. prathama vibhAgamAM cha rAjAone pUro amala eTale tenA thakANIputro ane sAtamAnA meTo bhAga; athavA sAta rAjAo. je kSatriyANIputro karatAM umare moTA hatA, teo pitAne thayela anyAya batA dvitIyamAM sAtamAne thoDo bhAga, te pachI aDhAra vavA khAtara magadhano tyAga karIne cAlI nIkaLyA hatA. pUro amala ane ogaNIsamA meTo bhAga athavA temAMne eka zrImukha tarIke je itihAsamAM prasiddha vIsa rAjAo; ane tRtIyamAM egaNIsamAne thoDo thayo che ane A AMdravaMzanA sthApaka che tenA putra bhAga tathA bIjA dasane saMpUrNa amala eTale kula gautamIputra yajJazrIe prathama A vidarbhaprAMta upara potAnI agiyAra rAjAo. ane sarva vibhAge ekaThA karIne sattA sthApI hatI tathA tenA sUbA-mahArathI-nI putrIne lekhavA heya te 7 19 10 - pite paraNyo hato. te gautamIputra bIjo koi nahi paNa rAjAonI saMkhyA 6 + 1 + 18 + 1 - 10 = 36 pelA nAnAghATanA zilAlekhavALI tathA pitAnA be chatrIsa thaI gaNAze. bA-0mAM be (20) athavA vadhAre nahIM te vaidika dharmAnuyAyInA vaDA zayanA Azraya taLe vaidika dharma aMgikAra karyo hato. A tarIke zRMgapatione kabUla rAkhyA tarIkenI oLakhANa paNa sthiti keTalIya vakhata sudhI, ema kaho ke lagabhaga 75 varSa gaNAya; kemake, AMdhrapatioe, kamA rAjAnA samayathI sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. (A badhuM varNana te te rAjavInA pitAne kuLadharma je jaina hatuM te badalIne pitajalI mahA- vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate temaja dharmakrAMtinA pArigrAphe lakhIzuM.

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dvitIya pacchida ] temanI AMkasaMkhyA A pramANe nakkI TharAvyA bAda have temanA-traNe vibhAgeAnA-samaya vicArIzuM. te khAda te sarve rAenAM kramAnukrama tathA pratyeka rAjAonA rAjyakALa keTalA varSa cAlyeA hateA tenI carcA karIne nirNaya bAMdhIzuM, eTale AkhAye vaMzanI saMpUrNa vazAvaLI ubhI thaI gaNAze. vibhAgavAra samaya--(1) zata zabdanuM vivecana karatAM joi gayA chIe ke, A vaMzanI sthApanA rAjA zrImukhe ma. saM. 100 I. sa. pU. 427mAM karI che, temaja A AMdhrabhRtya zabdanA vivecanamAM joi gayA chIe ke samrATa priyadarzinanA ma. sa. 290mAM nIpajelA maraNu khAda rAjA zAtakaraNi svataMtra thayA hatA paraMtu peAte ma. sa. 301mAM maraNa pAmyA che. eTale jo tribhRtyA zabdanI yathArthapaNe vicAraNA thAya te| te ma. sa. 100thI 290 sudhI = 190 varSa sudhI ja te sthiti cAlI kahevAya. paraMtu vyavahArika gaNunA karavAmAM Ave tA. 301 sudhI eTale 201 varSe paryaMta te sthiti pravartI rahI hatI ema gaNavuM paDaze. (2) AMdhravaMza athavA svataMtra AMdhrapationA rAjyakALa purANukAranA matathI 456 thI 460 varSa cADhyA che. kAryanI saraLatA mATe 46 nA AMka mAnya karI laie. eTale jo zabdArtha pramANe gaNatrI karAya teA tenI Adi, uparanA prathama vibhAge jaNAvyA pramANe ma. sa. 20mAM lekhavI paDaze ane tenA aMta 290+460= ma. sa. 750=I. sa. (750 -paracha)223mAM gaNAze athavA tA 301+46 0= ma. saM. 761 mAM21=I. sa. 235mAM gaNavI paDaze. vAstavikapaNe teA haMmezAM vyavahArane ja mAna ApavuM rahe che eTale tenA aMta 235mAM ja AvyA hatA ema gaNIne ja ApaNe kAma laizuM. (3) have rahyo trIne vibhAga 4 rAjAone zakasaMvatanI sthApanA I. sa. 78mAM thaI che ane uparanA dvitIya vibhAgamAM svIkAra karI gayA pramANe tene aMta I. sa. tathA rAjyakALa [ 31 235mAM lekhIe te 235-78=150 varSa paryaMta te cAlyA gaNAze. paraMtu jema dvitIya vibhAge vyavahArikapaNAthI gaNanA karavAnuM DahApaNabharyuM mAnyuM hatuM, tema atra paNa jo tema karIe te zaka saMvatsaranI sthApanAnA samayathI tene hisAba mAMDavAne badale tenA pravartakanA maraNu nIpajayA pachI gaNavA rahe; ane tenuM maraNu atyAre jaNAyuM che (jIe tenuM vRttAMta) te pramANe te saMvatanI sthApanA thayA bAda ceAthe ke pAMcame varSe thayuM heAvAnuM jaNAya che. te uparathI i. sa. 83mAM zakarAjanI Adi gaNavI rahe ane aMta 235mAM gaNatAM te vibhAganeA sattAkALa 153 varSanA lekhAze. A pramANe traNa vibhAganA sattAkALa nakkI thai gayA. have temanA kramAnukrama ane pratyekanA rAjyakALa vicArIe eTale ke jene sAdI bhASAmAM vaMzAvaLI kahevAya che temAM gAThavIe. (1) tenI sthApanA 100mAM ane aMta 761mAM thayA gaNIe teA tene samagra kALa 761-100661 varSanA vaMzAvaLI geAThavavAnuM kArya tA sarve karatAM ati kaThina ja che; temAMye je je granthakartAe prayatna karI joyA che temAMnA kAryanuM pariNAma kAine maLatuM ja nathI AvatuM, eTale vaLI te kArye vizeSa kaThina ane che. chatAM uparamAM sAbita karI gayA pramANe te vaMzanA ekaMdara rAjyakALa tathA saMkhyA ApaNe jANI cUkayA chIe, eTale te AdhAre AgaLa vadhavAne dhaNuM sUtara thai paDayuM samajAya che. taduparAMta ApaNe rAjAonI oLakhanA traNa vibhAgA suvyavasthitapaNe ane keTalIka hakIkata sAthe nakkI karI zakayA haiAvAthI, vizeSa anukULatA sAMpaDI gayelI dekhAya che. jo ke ApaNA prayAsa sa`thA svIkArya ja thaI paDaze ema te atyAre na ja kahI zakAya, chatAM eTaluM jarUra dhArI zakAze ke atyAra sudhI AdarelA sarva prayAgAmAM ApaNe tAravI kADhela hakIkatanuM sthAna ekadama uMcu gaNavA yeAgya tA thaze ja. ATaluM prastAvika vivecana karI have ApaNA prayatnamAM AgaLa vadhIye. lekhAya. sarakhAve! uparamAM TI. na. 120

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3ra ]. rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa A kAryamAM paNa prastutapaNe ApaNe sthApita je traNa vibhAgonI carcA upara karI gayA chIe karela dhoraNa anusAra mi. pAchaTare taiyAra karelI tenA sAra tarIke, kASTakanA rUpamAM utArI laIe ke. ane pR. ra6 upara utArelI nAmAvaLIne ja ava. jethI tenA upara vAraMvAra najara rAkhIne dalIla laMbana levuM sugama thaI paDaze. prathamamAM ApaNe tene karI zakAya. vibhAga rAjAnI saMkhyA | ekaMdara rAjyakALanAM varSa || ApaNA mi. pArjITaranA ApaNA materasa | mi. pArjITaranA mate | | mate 1 thI 6 = 6 (a) AMdhrabhutya (A. I) AMdhrapati 1353 34625 2014 460 26 7 thI 30 = 25 | (2) athavA (a) AMdhrabhRtya 1 thI = 6 (A) AMdhrapati 7 thI 23 = 17 | (I) zaka sthA5ka rAjAo / 24 thI 31 = 8 | (3) athavA (a, A, I) Akho 1 thI 31 zata-zatavAhana vaMza. = 31 13523 22827 11828 201 3089 15ra 30 48131 663 32 have ApaNe pAchaTara sAhebe karAvelI kramAvaLI ane samayAvaLImAM sudhAraNA karavAnuM kArya vicArIe. prathamanA vibhAge (juo 1) temanA mata pramANe cha puruSa thayA che ane ApaNuM mane sAta thayA (22) ApaNu matanIce jaNAvelI sarva hakIkata, (28) pR. 21nI vaMzAvaLImAMthI naM. 24 thI chevaTa paramAM sAbita karI gayA chIe te pramANe samajI levI. sudhInA rAjAonA sattAkALano saravALe 118 Avaze: (23) prathamanA cha bhUpatinA rAjyakALane saravALe che; [ane naM. 23, 27, 28 TIkAone saravALe 481 AvI 23+10+10+18+1856=35 raheze. tevI ja rIte naM. 23, 25 no saravALe paNa 81 (24) juo pR. 31 nuM lakhANa. AvI raheze. sarakhA nIce TI. na. 31] (25) kula 481 varSa lakhyAM che temAMthI TI. naM. 23nA (29) upara naM. 26 TIkAnA 160 varSanA be bhAga 135 varSa bAda jatAM 346 raheze. pADavAnA che. zakarAjAono kALa 152-3 varSane ApaNe (26) A 460 (purANakAranA matane svIkAra karIe gaNAve che (juo nIce TI. naM. 30) eTale bAkI chIe tethI) ane tenI uparanA 21 je ApaNe lakhyA 108 rahyA. che te, bene saravALe karatAM 661 Avaze (juo nIcenI (10) TIka naM. 26 nA 460 mAMthI TI. na. 2nA 308 sImA na. 02 tathA tene uparanI TIka naM. 21 sAthe sarakhA) jatAM bAkI 152 rahe, juo pR. 31 nuM lakhANa. (27) pR. 26 nI nAmAvaLImAMthI naM. 7 thI 20 (31) jIo uparanI TI. naM. 28 no pAchalo bhAga. sudhInA rAjyakALano saravALo karatAM 228 Avaze. (32) paranI TI. naM. 26 ta5 26 jue.

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dvitIya pariccheda ] tathA rAjyakALa | [ 33 che; tema temanA mate temane samagrakALa 135 varSanA varSane 30 seMdhAyo che ane zrIkRSNanA maraNa bAda ane ApaNA mate 201 varSanI che. matalaba ke rANI nAganikAno jayeSThaputra gAdIpati baeNnyA che. vaNI gaNatrIthI saMkhyAmAM ekano ane samayamAM ATalI hakIkata uparathI sAra e nIkaLe che ke, rANI 96 varSano vadhAro thAya che. tenA kALAnI vaheMcaNI nAganikAno cha putra jyAre karIne gAdIe beThA tyAre A pramANe karI zakAya che. rANI nAganikAe kAta- tenI umara 8 + 1 = 18 varSanI hatI. have je rAvela nAnAdhATanA prakhyAta zilAlekha uparathI33 pAITara sAhebanI nAmAvalI pramANe tene mAtra 10 samajAya che ke te kotarAvAyo te samaye pote vidhavA varSanuM ja rAjya samapae te tenuM maraNa 18+10=28 hatI ane pitAnA banne bALake avayaska hevAthI varSanI umare thayuM gaNavuM paDaze. te ayogya dekhAya che. temanA nAme te pote rAjakArabhAra calAvatI hatI. A paraMta mi. sane Apela (jIe uparamAM TI. ne. samaye zrImukhanA bhAI-(eTale ke pitAnA, sasarAnA 35) eka graMthakardInI dhAraNuM pramANe A ibhAI ane patinA kAkA)-zrIkRSNa tenA hAthamAMthI putranA phALe jo 56 varSa lekhIe to te ucita ja rAjanI ' lagAma kheMcAvI laI gAdI pacAvI pADI gaNAze. A pramANe 56 varSa gaNatAM (26-10 tA. hatI. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, rAja zrImukha pAchaTare gaNAvyA ja che eTale) 46 varSane pharI ane zrIkRSNanA rAjyakALa vacce rANI nAganikAnA nIkaLI gayo, have bAkI rahyo (66-46) 20 ne patine, eTale rAjA zrImukhanA putrane, rAjaamala phera; ane te ApaNe sahelAIthI rANI nAganikAnA cAlyo hato. tenuM nAmaThAma ApaNane haju sudhI pati yajJazrIne nAme caDAvI zakIzuM. A pramANe rAjA jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM nathI. paraMtu tenA siddha34 uparathI paNa sAta thayA ane rAjyakALa paNa 201 varSane te pArakhI zakAya tema che. temAM tenuM nAma "gautamIputra thaI rahyo. A rIte prathama vibhAganuM samArakAma pUruM yazrI" ApeluM che. eTale hAla turata ApaNe paNa thayuM gaNAze. tene yajJazrI nAmathI ja oLakhAvIzuM. A pramANe have bIjo vibhAga tapAsIe. pAITara sAheba chanI saMkhyAmAM ekane vadhAre thatAM, sAtanI saMkhyA banA mAnavA pramANe 17 rAjAo ane temane samaya AvI rahe che. have 66 varSanA samaya vize vicAra 228 varSano che jyAre ApaNuM mate 19 rAjA karIe, mi. resane je nAmAvalInI sarakhAmaNI karI (17)28 ane 308 varSane rAjyakALa che. matalaba ke batAvI che temAM malika zatakaraNInA phALe 56 varSa saMkhyAmAM be rAjAo ane samayamAM 80 varSane lakhyA che35 jyAre mi. pAITare mAtra tenA nAme vadhAre ApaNA maMtavyAnusAra che. tenI marAmata10 varSa ja noMdhyA che. bIjI bAju nAnAghATanA vahecaNI nIce pramANe karI zakAya che. pu. 4 mAM zilAlekhamAM AlekhAyela hakIkatane 36 vicAra jagAvI gayA chIe ke, gardabhIlavaMzI ujanapati karIe chIe tyAre samajAya che ke rANI nA nikAnA zakAri vikramAditye paiThaNapatinI sahAya laI je zaka pu, temanA pitAnA maraNa samaye bALavayanA (moTe rAjAne harAvIne gAdi laI lIdhI hatI, te zaka rAjAe ATha varSane ane mAne cha varSane) hatA; tethI zrIkRSNa parAjaya pAmavAthI gusse thaIne vikramAdityanA sahAyaka 'gAdI pacAvI pADI hatI ane tene rAjyakALa 10 paiThaNapatine pIcho pakaDayo hato. paraMtu tenI sAthenA (33) jue che. A. ke. prastAvanA pR. 50 (34) jue pu. 2 sikkA naM. 69, 71, 72 I. (35) juo ke. A. 2, mAM Apela kASThaka pR. 68. tathA mIsIjha meka Dapha racita kronolojI (36) pariccheda 5, lekha naM. 1 (37) ko. A. ke. pR.68 ne kaThe, AMka naM. 2, temAM A rAjA kRSNanA phALe 18 varSa noMdhAyA che. (38)vikalpa 17 saMkhyA rAkhI zakAze; AgaLa jue.

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34 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI " [ aSTama khaMDa yahamAM te zakarAjA maraNa pAmyo hato ane te bAda jyAre pu. 4mAM gardabhIla vaMzanI vaMzAvaLI uparathI dasa varSa paThaNapati sAta rAjAnuM maraNa nIpajayuM hatuM. rAjA vikramAditya zakArino samaya paNa lagabhaga te ja : eTale sara e thayo ke, zakAri vikramAdityanI jIta, batAvAyo che. kahevAno matalaba e che ke, itihAsanI tenuM urjanapati banavuM ane zakarAjAnuM mRtyu; A traNe sAthe jainagranthanI hakIkata maLatI thaI jatI dekhAya banAve eka pachI eka ema anukramavAra lagabhaga che. temaja vaidikamatanA yugapurANamAM ALekhAyelI eka ja samaye banavA pAmyA che; jyAre rAjA zAtanuM karAjA ane paiThaNapati rAjA zAtanA yuddhanI maraNa zakarAjAnA maraNa bAda daza varSe thayuM che. temAM, kathAno samaya (pu. 4. pR. 19 TI. na. 10) paNa te ItihAsa ApaNane zIkhave che ke prathamanA traNa kALanI ja sAkSI pUre che. A pramANe jaina tathA banAve ma. . 470=I. sa. pU. 57 mAM banI gaya vaidikagranthonI hakIkatane ItihAsane Teke maLe che. che, te hisAbe rAjA sAtanuM maraNa ma. sa. 470+ eTale e sarvenI satya ghaTanA tarIke ja gaNatrI karavI 10=480=I. sa. pU. 47mAM banyAnuM noMdhavuM paDaze. A rahe che, jethI ujajainapati vikramAditya ane paiThaNapati pramANe eka vAta nizcita thaine khIle baMdhANI. bIjI sAhityapremI rAjA zAlivAhanane, samakAlinapaNe ke bAju jaina sAhityagraMthamAM ema jaNAvAyuM che ke, nikaTasamayI puravAra karyA bAda, eTaluM ja tapAsavAnuM ujainapati vikramAditye pAlItANAnI yAtrA karI hatI rahe che ke, je rAjA zAta ma. saM. 480 mAM (zaka ane pAdaliptasUri nAmanA AcAryanA (jemane samaya rAjAnA mRtyu bAda daza varSa) maraNa pAmyo che ane vikrama saMvata 1 athavA tenI AsapAsane kahevAya jeNe zaka prajA sAthenA yuddhamAM zakAri vikramAdityane vapaNAmAM keTalAMka79 dhArmika kAryo tyAM karAvyAM madada karI hatI, te ja rAjA sAhityapremI zAlivAhana hatAM. vaLI jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke paiThaNapati hato ke tenI pAchaLa AvanAra te hatA. gAthAsaptati rAjA zAlivAhane paNa eka bIjA jainAcArya nAme nAmane je grantha hAtha lAgyo che te AdhAre spaSTa zrI AyaMkhapuTa, tathA uparokta pAdalipta ane temanA thAya che ke te prakhya kartA, hAla rAjA mahAvidvAna ziSya nAgArjunanI rAhabarImAM zrI zatruMjayanI yAtrA sAhityapremI ane kavi paNa hato. uparAMta te mahA karIne keTalAMka dhArmika kAryo karAvyAM che temaja A parAkramI paNa hate.40 A rAjA hAlane jaina graMthomAM paiThaNapati sAhityapremI ane mahAparAkramI hatuM. eTale zAlavAhana (apabhraMzamAM hAla) zAlavANa ityAdi jaina granthamAM lakhAyelA A prakAranI matalabanA nAma apAyuM che. jyAre zikAri vikramAdityanA sahAbane nivedana uparathI evA sAra upara AvavuM paDe yakane tevuM koIpaNa upanAma, eALakha ke vidvatAdarzaka che ke A badhA janAcAryo temaja rAjA vikramAditya upAdhi apAyAnuM hajI sudhI ke anyamAM jaNAvAyuM ane sAhityapremI paiThaNupati rAjA zAlivAhana eka nathI, eTale zaMkArahita mAnavuM paDe che ke, zakAri bIjAnA sahamayI che athavA te ekadama nikaTanA vikramAdityane sahAyaka rAjA zAta bIja ane A saMmayavatI che. A vakhate jainAcArya sihasarinI sAhityapremI rAjA hAla paNa bIjo: ane uparamAM zAsanasattA cAlatI hovAnuM noMdhAyuM che ke jemane kahI gayA chIe ke, A rAjA kAM te vikramAdityane samaya ( juo paricacheda 5 lekha naM. 13) samakAlIna hatA athavA te ati nikaTavartI hato. ma. saM. 471 thI 548 = I. sa. pU. 56 thI eTale siddha thayuM che ke, zakAri vikramAdityane sahAyaka I. sa. 22 sudhInA 78 varSane kahevAya che, rAjA zAta te prathama he joIe ane tenI pachI (3) A bAbatanA isArA temanAM jIvana caritra ApavAmAM AvyA che, te juo. (40) A badhuM vattAMta tenA jIvanacaritramAM lakhAvAnuM che. te tyAM juo.

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dvitIya pariccheda ]. tathA rAjyakALa [ 35 tarata ja A sAhityapremI rAjA hAla gAdie beTho, have ApaNe jarA pAchA mULa hakIkata upara vaLIe. ho joIe. have mi. pAITare ApelI (uparamAM uparamAM sAbita karI gayA chIe ke hAla rAjAnuM pR. 27) nAmAvalI tapAsIzuM to jaNAya che ke rAjA gAdIe AvavuM ma. saM. 480 (I. sa. pU. 47) che hAla purogAmI je nRpati che tenuM nAma ariSTakarNa ane gautamIputra naM. 2vALAnuM maraNa ma. sa. 610mAM che ane tenuM rAjya paNa lAMbo samaya cAlyuM che. che eTale ke te benI vaccenuM aMtara 130 varSanuM paDe eTale sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke te parAkramI che. jyAre pR. 27mAM jaNAvyA pramANe te mAtra 81 ane baLavAna haze ja, jethI teNe ujainapati vikra- varSanuM ja che. A uparathI samajAya che ke, mi. mAdityane kumaka dIdhI hoya te paNa banavA yogya ja pAchaTaranA kathanamAM kayAMka 49 varSane (130-81= che. A uparathI have eTale ApaNe cokkasa kahI 49) sudhAro mAMge che. temAMye rAjA hAla ane gautamIvAkayA kahevAIe ke rAjA ariSTakarNa ja zakAri vikra- putra sudhInAM rAjAnAM nAma, temanA anukrama tathA mAdityanI madade gayo hato ane teNe pAITara varSasaMkhyA, sarve granthomAM eka sarakhAM ja che eTale sAhebanA kahevA pramANe 25 varSa rAjya bhogavyuM che. temAM kAMI ghaTADo ke vadhAre karavAnuM ApaNe icchita tene samaya ma. sa. 455 thI 40 I. sa. nathI dhAratA. tethI je 49 varSane umere karavo rahe pU. 71 thI 46 sudhI gaNo rahe che ane tenA che te AkhAye kALo rAjA hAlane nAme ja ApaNe maraNa bAda tarata ja rAjA hAla ma. sa. 480 mAM caDAva rahe che, kAraNa ke ApaNe tenA jIvana gAdIe beTho che. vRttAMtathI jANIe chIe ke te bahu nAnI umaramAM bIjI hakIkata ema nIkaLe che ke gautamIputra gAdIe Avyo hato. vaLI AvA parAkramI ane zAtakaraNIe (pR. 27 vazAvaLI, AMka naM. 23) vaibhavazALI rAjAnuM rAjya kevaLa pAMca varSanuM ja cAyuM pitAnA rAjyakALa 18mAM varSa (pariccheda 5, lekha hoya te taddana kalpanAtita kahevAya. eTale banavAjoga naM. 7) nahapANa kSaharATanA vaMzajone harAvI pitAnA che ke lahiAnI bhUlane lIdhe ke jANuM joIne teNe kuLanI lupta thayelI kIrti pAchI meLavI hatI (paMcama vAparela deDha DahApaNane lIdhe, teNe 54-55 varSane paricacheda, lekha ne. 8) teNe te vakhate zakasaMvatsara badale chelle cAra-pAMcano AMkaDo kAyama rAkhIne, calAvyo che. tene samaya i. sa. 78 = ma. saM. mAtra prathamane AMkaDo je pAMca hato te urADI dIdho 527+ 78 = 605 che. A pachI pite varSa lAge che. have ApaNe te AMka sudhArIne be pAMcaDA jIvaMta rahIne maraNa pAmyo che eTale ke tenuM rAjya tarIke paMcAvanane gaNI tenA rAjyAbhiSekane ma. sa. 22 varSa cAlyuM che tathA ma. saM. 610 mAM teno aMta 480 thayela naMdhavo tathA tenuM maraNa ma. saM. 544 Avyo che. te hisAbe teno amala ma. saM. 188thI -5mAM gaNavuM te vyAjabI kahevAze. 610 = 22 varSane cokkasa thayo gaNI le rahe che. eTale AMdhrapati rAjAonA A bIjA vibhAge (1) vizeSa zodhakhoLa AdhAre amane ema jaNAyuM re. e. se. 1928, nyu sIrIjha, 5. 3; mi. baplene che ke nahapANane harAvanAra ane zakapravartaka rAjA, bane judI lekha) paraMtu amArI tapAsane lIdhe temAM pheraphAra karavo paDaze. ja vyaktio che. temAM zakapravartakane AMka gaNavo hoya to paNa ahIM I. sa. 78nA AMkane tethI karIne koI bAdha na, 23 Avaze. chatAMye atra TAMkelI hakIkatamAM ApaNI AvatuM nathI. gaNatrIne vAMdho Avato nathI. (vaLI nIcenI TI. 42 juo.) (43) rAjA hAlanAM varSa 5+ ane te pachInA anukrame (42) nahapANane harAvanAra tathA rANI baLazrInA putra 5+21+1+6 mAsa + 28 ane 21 = kula saravALo 81 tarIke, A rAjAne mAnI laIne (uparamAM TI. naM. 41 juo) varSa. (jo ke AmAM paNa keTalIka vigatonA AdhAre pheraphAra A kathana tenA lekhake jaNAvyuM che (jue ja. che. che. kara paDe che, paNa te bahu nacha ).

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== = = 36 ] rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI [ aSTama khaMDa mi. pAchaTare je 17 rAjA ane 228 varSa lakhyAM phALe 12 ane 2 varSo noMdhAyAM che. jo A baMne umere che temAMnA uttara bhAge eTale rAjA hAlathI zarU karIne karIe te rAjAnI AMkasaMkhyA pUrepUrI thaI jaze. gautamIputra sudhI sAta rAjA thayAnuM ane 130 varSane uparAMta temanA sthAnanuM nirmANa paNa te purANonA samaya hovAnuM sAbita thaI cUkayuM; jethI have A abhiprAya mujaba ja rAkhIzuM. paraMtu khUTatAM 32 vibhAge 19 rAjA 4 ane 308 varSa je gaNavAmAM varSane badale caudanI ja pUrNi thavAthI bAkI 18 ne che, temAMthI bAra rAjA ane 178 varSano samaya vadhAre te sUcava rahe cheja. athavA te, AvI ravAnuM ja kArya bAkI rahyuM gaNAze. have pR. 27 rAjAnA khAte sarva purANa ekamata thavAthI tenA uparanI nAmAvalI tapAsIzuM te laMbodarathI ariSTa- phALAnA 12 kAyama rAkhIe te medhAsvAti karNa sudhInA (naM. 7thI 16 sudhInA) daza rAjAo5 bIjAne phALe bAkInA 20 (32 12=20) vIse ane temanA rAjyakALe 146 varSa46 gaNAvyAM che. TharAvavA rahe che. banavAjoga che ke jema aneka eTale khUTatAM 32 varSa (178-146=32), bAkI ThekANe lahiAe be AMkaDAnI jagyAe ekanI ja rahetA be rAjAonA phALe caDAvavA raheze. te A noMdha lIdhI che ne bIjAne urADI dIdho che, tema AnA pramANe sUcavI zakAze. judA judA purANomAM je kissAmAM paNa 2049ne badale 2 nI ja noMdha rAkhI nAmAvalI ApavAmAM AvI che, temAM keIkamAM47 0 ne kamI karI dIdho hoya; A kapanAnA baLe Avi ane meghAvA4i8nAM nAmo najare paDe che, ApaNe medhAsvAtine 20 varSa samApazuM. jo ke A jyAre koIkamAM te nAma nathI; jemAM che temAM te benA vibhAganA sarve maLIne bAre (athavA dasa gaNo te (4) AMdhrapatinI 19 saMkhyA che ane bIjI rIte 17 146 varSa Avaze. athavA bIjI rIte paNa 17 tathA 19 paNa kahI zakAze, kemake AMdhrapatine prathama rAjA jene karI zakAya tema che te mATe juo upara naM. 45. AMka 8 gaNAya che tene badale, Aka7 vALA zAtakaraNie (47) juo ke. . re. pR. 68 mAM paNa AnA paNa amuka varSa mATe svataMtratA dhAraNa karI hovAne lIdhe utArA apAyA che. tene paNa AMdhrapatinI nAmAvalImAM te gaNI zakAya ja, (48) A be nAmamA eka meghAsvAti te darekamAM che tevI rIte chelle AMdhrapati jene zakapravartaka rAjAnA je AMka 11ne che. ahIM je na hovAnuM ame jaNAvyuM vibhAgamAM gayo che tene paNa AMdhrapatinA vibhAge gaNI che te bIje medhAsvAti samajavo, jeno AMka 13 mo che. zakAya; matalaba ke prathama ane aMtima, banene A madhyama matalaba ke AkhA vaMzamAM be medhAsvAti gaNavAnA che. vibhAge gaNIe, te jene ApaNe 17 gaNyA che tene ja (49) A medhAsvAtinA khAte 20 ne sthAne 22 varSa 19 paNa gaNI levAya ane tema thAya te saMkhyAnI vadhaghaTa hovAM joIe. eTale jema rAja hAlana khAte 65 hatA paNa karavA jarUra paNa nathI rahetI. (sarakhAvo uparanI TIkA naM. chele pAMcaDA rakhAyo che prathamane AMka urADI dIdhuM che, 18ne pAchalo bhAga.). tema ahIM paNa 20 (be AMkaDA hovA chatAM) ne sthAne eka (45) A pramANe daza rAjAe; uparAMta AMbabhatya AMkaDe rAkhI bIje kamI karI devAyo hoya. sAta gaNIe, eTale 17 thayA ane zaka saMvatsara (khAsa sUcanA:-A nAma sAthe, varSanI saMkhyAmAM phAve pravaryAbAda be rAjA thayA che ke jemanI pAsethI cakkare te 20 rAkhe ke 22 rAkhe; ane tethI kamI ke vadhAre rAkhe keTalAka mulaka jItI laI dakSiNamAM hAMkI kADhayA che. eTale paraMtu naM. 7 thI 16 sudhInA ariSTakarNa sudhInA jIvanamAM te baMne umeratAM 19 thaI rahe che. A pramANe be traNa rIte ke rAjakAraNane agatyatA dharAvatA banAva banyAnuM noMdhAyuM 17 temaja 19 nA AMkane meLa meLavI zakAya che. jaNAtuM nathI eTale te hisAbe game tenAM ochAM vadhAre (41) te dezanA rAjayasattAnI saMkhyA anukrame A kare tepaNuM harata AvatI nathI; chellI ghaDIye maLI pramANe che:- AvelI sAmagrI vaDe temanAM anukrama ane rAjyakALamAM ( 18, 12, 18, 18, 7, 7, 8, 1, 36 ane 25= amAraja pheraphAra karavo paDayo che. (juo pR. 38nuM lakhANu)

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dvitIya paricheda ] tathA rAjyakALa [ 37 tema) rAjAonA hisse kaI mahatvapUrNa etihAsika gaNAvyA che te, je A vaMzano aMta I. sa. 235mAM banAva banyAnuM haju sudhI jaDI AvyuM nathI, eTale ke temano rAjyakALa 661 varSa sudhI cAlyAnuM TharAvIe anumAna ke kalpanA karavAmAM, ApaNe koI jAtanI to ja; paraMtu pR. 25 upara jaNAvyA pramANe je najIvI ke gaMbhIra prakAranI, ekAda kasura karI jatA aMta I. sa. 261mAM AvyAnuM eTale ke AkhA heIzuM to paNa, ItihAsanI dRSTie keIne bahu anyAya rAjyakALa 688 varSa laMbAye hevAnuM gaNIe to vaLI karavA jevuM to thatuM nathI ja. bI1 261-25=36 varSane gALo puro paDaze. AvI rIte be vibhAgane sudhAro karavAnI marAmata te mATe eka ja rasto rahe che te e ke, je 36 saMpUrNa thatAM have trIje vibhAga je zakasaMvatanA sthApaka rAjAe gayA che tene badale traNa umerI 39 gaNavA pachInA rAjAono che, jene TUMkamAM ApaNe zaka jethI 10+29=39nI saMkhyAno meLa50 pUro thaI rAjA tarIke saMbodhIzuM, temane che. temAM pArjITara rahe. paraMtu I. sa. 261nI sAlamAM aMta Avyo sAhebanA jaNAvyA pramANe 8 rAjA ane 119 varSano hoya ema mAnavAnuM kAraNa rahetuM nathI. eTale te amala Ave che. jyAre ApaNI gaNatrIthI 10 rAjA ka95nA hAla to paDatI ja mUkavI rahe che. jyAre ane 15ra varSano kALa che. paraMtu A AkharI kALa 261nA aMtanI mAnyatAne mAtra kalpanA ja TharAvavI rAjadvArI dRSTie tadana zUnyavata hovAthI, temAM paDe che tyAre pR. 25 upara jaNAvyA pramANe eka sudhAro karavAno prayAsa Adaro yA nahIM, paNa badhuM vidvAne je I. sa. 702nI sAla arpaNa karI sarakhuM ja che. chatAM te khADo pUravo ja hoya to, A dIdhI che te to vaLI vizeSa vicAraNIya prazna thaI be chevaTanA rAjAne rAjyakALa 33 varSa (15ra ApaNI paDavo joIe.] gaNatrInAM che temAMthI 119 pATara sAhebanI upara sUcavela traNe vibhAgIya sarva sudhArAvadhArAne gaNatrInAM bAda karatAM)no TharAva. TIpaNa : ApaNI suvyavasthita goThavatAM nAmAvalIne je sora ane gaNatrIe je 15 varSa A trIjA vibhAganA vaMzAvaLI, ubhAM thayAM che te nIce pramANe banela (1) AkhA vaMzanA 36 rAjAo : ma. saM. 100 thI 761 = I. sa. pU. 427 thI 235 sudhI. 661 varSa 39 rAjAo : ma. saM. 100 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 4ra7 thI 261 sudhI. (2) AMdhrabhatyA2- 7 rAjAo H ma. saM. 100 thI 301 =I. sa. pU. 4ra7 thI 225 = 201 varSa 9 rAjAo : ma. saM. 100 thI 331 =I. sa. pU. 427 thI 195 = 231 , (3) AMdhapatio - 32 rAjAo : ma. saM. 301 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 225 thI 261 =487 , 30 rAjAo': ma. sa. 331 thI 788 = I. sa. pU. 195 thI 261 = 416 , (50) a. hi. I. trIjI AvRtti. 5. 212 - (51) te mATe AgaLa upara "rAjadhAnInuM sthAna" vALe The number of kings appears to be correctly pANigrApha jue. stated (in Puranas) as having been thirry= (52) A AMka ja khare TharAvo rahe che. purANamAM rAjAonI saMkhyAne 30 kahI che te barAbara (atyAre pUrve lakhela A vaMzanA ke cakaThaNuvaMzIonA samajAya che. (TIpaNu-nava AMbabhatyA apilaka sudhInA + samakAlInapaNAnA kASTakamAM je pheraphAra dekhAya te vizeSa 30 abapatio= 39 ekaMdara thayA.) adhyayananA pariNAma rUpe samajI levuM).

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rAjAonI saMkhyA, nAmAvalI I 93 38 ] temAMthI jAheAjalAlI bhAMgavatA-- (a) vazALImAMthI naM. 8 thI 28 sudhInA 20 + egaNatrIsamA gaNA te = 21 (A) naM. 10 thI 29 sudhInA 18 + sadara ( 4 ) naM. 8 thI 28 (6) A pramANe bhinna bhinna vidvAnanA maMtavyane anusarIne, ghaTatA pheraphAra karIne te vaMzanA rAjAnI AMkasaMkhyA, temane anukrama tathA nAma, temaja rAjyakALa ApaNe gAThavI nAMkhyA che. paraMtu te ja pramANe sarvathA che ema teA ame paNa kahevAne taiyAra nathI. eTaluM ja mAnI levAnuM ke, vizeSa adhyayanane aMga tathA anya mAhitI maLatI rahI che tene anusarIne, ame je kAMi pheraphAra sUcavyeA che, te je zeAdhI karIne nIce joDela patrakamAM darzAvyeA che, te pR. 26mAM batAvelA patraka karatAM bhaDakAvanArA na samajAya temaja vinA kAraNe ubhA karAyA na lAge, teTalA khAtara ja uparanA sarva prayAsa karAyala che. vaLI vidvAne!e paNa je je aptiprAyA uccAryA che, te temane je je sAdhana sAmagrI maLI hatI, te AdhAre ja hatA; chatAM temAM sudhArAne sthAna che evuM te temanA kathana uparathI paNa sUcana nIkaLe che. eTale ApaNe yathAzakti prayAsa karI je sUjhayuM te sUcavyuM che. vizeSa zeAdhakhALathI vaLI je jaNAya te vicAraka (53) uparanI TIkA naM. para pramANe, [ aSTama kheDa naM. 10 thI 28 = 19 (vaccenAM be nAma nathI maLatAM te kADhI nAkhIepa te) 18 + 1 = 19 (vaccenAM be nAma nathI maLatAM te kADhI nAkhIe te) 16 + 1 = 17 vAcakavarga, janatAnI jANa mATe prakAzita karaze evI abhyarthanA che. amArA namra abhiprAya pramANe, prathamanA naMbara 7 vizenA tathA naM. 17 ane 18nA anukrama ane rAjyakALa lagabhaga ceAsa ja che. uparAMta vaccenA naM. 8 thI 16 sudhInA navanA samagra rAjyakALa taddana sAcA ja che, paraMtu temanAM pratyekanAM nAma, anukrama ke rAjyakALanA darzanamAM pheraphAra saMbhavita che. naM. 19thI aMta sudhInA rAjavInI saMkhyAmAM, anukramamAM temaja zAsanakALanA varSadarzanamAM, ame prApta thatI sAmagrIne anulakSIne pheraphAra karyo che eTala zakya che ke, te traNe muddAne aMge ceDA theADA sudhArA thavA pAme paNa kharA. chatAM tenuM mULa zarIra aiti Asika dRSTie emane ema jaLavAyaluM ja rahevA pAmaze evI umeda che. amArI taraphanA ATalA vaktavya sAthe AkhI vaMzAvaLI je amArI dhAraNA pramANe geAThavAI che te A nIce rajI karI che. * uparanI TI. na. 49 nA pAlai| bhAga jue.

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dvitIya pariccheda ] satavahana vaMzanI zedhita vaMzAvaLI [ 39 naMbara nAma ma. saM. thI ma. sa. | 7 I. sa. pU. thI| | dharma | | I. sa. pU. | vizeSa hakIkata '. hA , - zrImukha (vAsiSThIputra) 100-113 | 13 ! 4ra7-414 jaina A vilivAyakurasa 2 | yajJazrI (gautamIputra) 113-144 315 414-383 viviyakurasa : - nAsikanI pazcime paiDamAM gAdI karI. rANI nAganikAne pati kadAca gAdI juneramAM karI heya. naM.20 chinnAno zilAlekha rANI nAganikAno putra-sagira caMdragupta zeDo mulaka bacAvI pADayo chatAM, pitAnuM aMtaHkaraNa doSita hovAthI te muMgo rahyo hato. varasat zrIzAtakaraNi 144-145 1bhA. 383-382 zrIkRSNa pahelo 145-154 105 382-373 (vAsiSThIputra) , , T 3 | malika zrIzAtakaraNi, 154-210 | 56 | 373-317 , vAsiSThIputra vilivayakarasa rANI nAganikAne putra; umara lAyaka thatAM pharIne gAdI upara Avyo. jenA rAjya jaina sAhityamAMnA bhadrabAhu varAhamihiranI tiSa vidyAnA jJAnanI koTinA prasaMga banyA hatA. 5 pUrNatsaMga - 210-28 | 18 317-299 (mADharIputra)56 AnA rAjyakALa vize SaSThama pariccheda lekha naM. 30 jue. pratiSThAnapura)mAMthI gAdI pheravI, enATaka-amarAvatImAM laI gayA. kaliMgapati banyo hato. 54) zilAlekha naM. 20 nuM varNana, SaDama pariccheda juo. (ke. A. 2. pra. pR. 39). Two of the Pulumavi's predecessors seem to have borne the title of Vilivayakura in the district of Kolhapur=pulamAvInA be pUrvajoe kaeNlahApura jIllAmAM vilinAyakura'nAM biruda meLavyAM hatAM, ahIM mulumAvI eTale naM. 18 samajo ane naM. 2 tathA naM. 9 vALAnAM paNa te biruda samajavAM. tathA temanA rAjyo tyAM sudhI vistaravA pAmyAM hatAM ema samajavuM. (55) ja, ba. . . (navI AvRtti) 5. 3, 5, 53:-Simukhwas succeeded by his younger brother Krsna, who ruled for 18 years=zimukha pachI tene bhAI kRSNa gAdIe beThA hatA. teNe 18 varSa rAjya karyuM che; purANakAra vaMzAvaLI ApI che ke, A. 2. pra. pU. 68) temAM ghaNA pheraphAro karavA paDayA che. aDhAramAMthI 10 kaSNunA khAte rAkhI 8 gautamIputramAM laI javA paDayA che. (56) ke. A. 2. 5. 27, pAra. 35-His (Vasisthiputra vhivayakor) (coin Nos. 57 & 59)

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40 ]. zatavahana vaMzanI zadhita vaMzAvaLI [ aSTama khaMDa naMbara nAma ma. saM. thI ma. sa. thai I.sa. pU.thI | | 1 '| I. sa. pU. vizeSa hakIkata 6 aMdhastaMbha-kRSNa raje ra28-246 1LA 299-282 | jaina (gautamIputra) vilivAyakurasa(?) - priyadazine kaliMganA yuddhamAM prathama harAvela te: bIjI vakhate tenA putra naM. kane harAjo. vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNi, 246-32 56 282-225 vaidika pataMjalibhakta upara naM. 6 nI hakIkata juo. be azvamedha karyA hatA. laMbedara 302-320 18 | 225-207. 9 | Apilika-Apilaka | 320-332 | 12 | 207-195 | Avi-AvI 332-344 12 195-183 I. sa. pU. 196 (pu. 3, | pR. 93) vidarbhanA saradAranI | putrI mAlavikAne zuMgapati agnimitra para. 1157 mesvAti pahelo:8 344-382 38 | 183-145 prathama jene kAlikarizyAmAvaidika (pannAkAra) jaina AcArye pachIthI pratibadhI jana banAvyo : jaina ! A kAlisUri zuMgarvazI baLa mitra bhAnumitranA mAmA thatA hatA jemane bhara comAse avaMti choDI, dakSiNamAM AvavuM paDayuM hatuM. 12 saudAsa-saMdhasvAti | 382-411 29 | 145-116 jaina nahapANu kSatrapa ane rUSabhadattanA hAthe hArI gayo te. lekha naM. 31-35. position as predecessor to, Mathariputra (5 36) and Gautamiputra (6 37)=mAtharIputranI (pArA 36) tathA gautamIputra (pAra naM. 37)nI pUrve thaI gayA tarIkenI sthiti vAsiSThIputra viliyAkuranI gaNavI. (tenA sikkA naM. 57 ane 59 juo). (57) naM. 11 thI 16 sudhInA anukrama tathA rAjyakALane aMge karavA paDela pheraphAra mATe juo TI. naM. 49 pAchalo bhAga, (58) Igapati odraka ane bhAga (balamitra bhAnumitra)nA samakAlina.

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dvitIya pariccheda ] nakhara nAma * 13 | medhavAti khIjo 16 | mahedra-dIpakaNi (naM. 15 nA moTA putra ane na. 18 nA pitA) rANI sUbhadrA (vAsiSThIgAtrI) 18 zatavahana vazanI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI 14 mRgendra - 15 svAtikra -- rANI 435-45ra khaLazrI (gautamagAtrI) ma. sa. thI ma. sa. hAla zAlivAhana vAsiSThIputra zAtakara;i pulumAvI; kuMtala; naM. 16 mA putra ane naM. 15 nA pautra. na. 17nA bhatrIjo. 411-414 17 ariSTaka riktavadeg 455-480 vikRSNa, temikRSNa gautamIputra zAMtakari; naM. 15nA putra, na. 16mA nAnA bhAI tathA naM. 18nA kAkA. varSe 414-435 21 3 116-113 17 452-455 3 i. sa. pU. thI i. sa. pU. (59) jAma TI, na. 49 nA pAlllA bhAga 113-92 92~35 05-02 25 02-40 480-545 655947-4. sa. 18 dharma jaina "" .. 39 "" [ 41 vizeSa hakIkata nahupAhunA pradhAna ayame jene hAra khavarAvI hatI te lekha naM. 35. gAdI aMtaraMjikAmAM hAvAnuM (sthAnanI khAtrI nathI) saMbhave che je vartamAna aura gAbAdanI AsapAsamAM haze; kadAca varazula ke amarAvatI paNa hAya. gAdIsthAna mATe na. 13 mAM juo. gAdityAga karyAM. saMbhave che ane kadAca dIkSA paNa lIdhI hAya. (juo zilAlekha na. 8 -whose son is living te A putra samajavA). vikramAdityanA zakAri sahAyaka ane Restored the glory of forefathers vALA nAsika zilAlekhanA mukhya saMcAlaka. gaI bhIlavALA kAlisUri bIjAnA samakAlIna. saMbhava che ke, naM. 17 gAdIe beThA pachI naM. 18 nA janma thayA haze. jainAcArya pAdaliptasUri, ane nAgArjunanA samakAlIna. mauya caMdragupta samrATavALA sAMcInA stUpamATe dAna denAra.

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re ] zatavAhana vaMzanI zAMdhita vasAvalI [ aSTama meM naMbara. nAmuM | ma. sa. thI lai i. sa. thI | dharyuM ma. sa. " [11] | : sa. vizeSa hakIkata 19 | maMtalaka | parisena sa. I. sa. 545-557 | 8 | 18-26 | 553-559 6 26-32 | suMdara zAtakaraNi 558-559 6 mAsa 32-32 , | 22 | cAra 559-162 3 562-605 43 72-35 , 35-78 vaidika () zIvasvAti jenA prasaMgamAM daivI saMyoga banyo che paNa vastu zaMkAspada lAge che. zaka pravartaka che. sa. 78 = ma. sa. 605. (). - I. sa. 105mAM saurASTra lIdhuM. 24 gautamIputra zAtakaraNi 65-626 21 8-99] , catrapaNa vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNideg 26-649 23 99-1rara , nAnAvATavALA.zilAlekha naM. 18. (60) ja. . . . . . navI AvRtti pu. 3. 5. 80-It is worthy of note, however that the Vayugurana mentions a Satakarni after Pulumayi and this probably refers to Vasisthiputra Satakaroi of the Nanaghat inscription (C. A. R. Insc. 18). Pandit Bhage wanlal, who discovered this inscription regarded Chatrapana Vasistliputra Satakarni mentioned therein as the immediate successor of Pulumari=AMdhavA lAyaka che ke, vAyupurANamAM aMkamAvI pachI (eka) zAtAraNinuM nAma Ave che ane te nAnApATa lekha (ke. . 2. na. 18)vALa vAsiSIpatra zAtakaraNi hovAnuM veze che. paMDita bhagavAnalAla che jemaNe A (nAnAdhATana) zilAlekha zodhI kADhaye che, teo temAM jaNAvela catrapaNu vasiSIputra zAtakaraNine pulamAvInI pachI tarata ja gAdIe AvyAnuM mAne che. amAruM TIpaNuAmAM pulamAvI je lakhela che te naM. 18 vALA rAjA hAla jaNa. benA samaya vacce lagabhaga eka sadInuM aMtara zake che, paNa temaNe lipi ukela upathI nirNaya karavAmAM bhUla khAdhI khAya che ema che. bulare darzAvela nirNaya parathI samajAya che. ] Ibid pp. 81:-The name Vasisthiputra Satakarni indicates that the king was identical with the king referred to in Kanheri inscription (c. A. R. no. 22) vAsiSIputra zAmaNi nAma ja kahI Ape che ke, ke, . 2. naM. 22) kanDerInA lekhamAM jaNala suna je te che.

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dvitIya pacchika ] nakhara 26 27 29 nAma 3. 31 32 pulumAvI bIjo 1 gAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa rAtavahana vaMzanI zAdhita vaMzAvaLI ma. sa. thI I.sa. thI I. sa. ma. sa. 28 zivaska dha(gautamIputra?) 707-714 yajJazrI zAtakaraNi (vAsiSThIputra ) zivazrI(vAsiSThIputra!) 680-707 traNa rAjAra }4-680 31 714-744 varSa 744-78. 27 . ey Azare 35 122-153 vaidika () 153-180 180-187 187-217 dha 217-2para "" 33 "" [ 43 vizeSa hakIkata jenA kAThiyAvADamAMthI sikkA maLe che. * naM. 21 nAsika tathA naM. 22 ane 23 kanherI lekhavALA caNunA samakAlIna. caoNuvaMzI kSatrapAe dakSiNanA uttara bhAgamAMthI haTAvI dIdhA jethI vanavAsaoN- vijayaMtanagaravALA pradezamAM rAjagAdI laI gayA. (61) pu. 4 mAM A vaMza ane caNava'zIonA samakAlinapaNe batAvela kASTakamAM je pheraphAra dekhAya te vizeSa adhyayananuM pAima samajavuM. (62) A rAjAonAM nAma kA. ma. 2, pra. pR. 42mAM zrIrUdra, zrIkRSNa bIjo ane zrIcaMdna bIe; evI rIte nAMkhyA che. sAthe TIkA karI che ke 'Eastern division'; eTale ke AMdhrarAjya e bhAgamAM vaheMcAi gayuM hatuM temAMnI pU bhAgamAM rAja karatI zAkhAnAM A nAmeA che. jyAre ApaNe dakSiNamAM rAja karatI zAkhA sAthe nisbata gaNAya. mATe te nAmeA ahIM lakhyAM nathI paNa khAlI rAkhyAM che. tathA ta yAre AnyA te cokkasa na hovAthI, aMdAjI samagra nAMkhyA che,

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rIta che tRtIya pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra-aMdha ane AMdhra zabdanI vizeSapaNe ApelI samajUtI-AMdhra prajAnI utpatti para karela laMbANathI carcA; pariNAme te vaMzanA sthApakanA mAtA, pitA, jJAti, samaya tathA sthAna upara pADela prakAza mULa vaMzamAMthI tenA sthApake pitAnI zAkhA jUdI kema pADI tenAM kAraNanI lIdhela tapAsa tathA te uparathI tarI AvatA keTalAya navIna muddAonuM Apela nirUpaNa -IphavAku vaMzI temaja brAhmaNa gotrI vyaktione kayA varNamAM samAveza karI zakAya, te bAbatamAM tathA nAgara, khatrI ane kSatriya Adi zabda bAbatamAM keTalAka vidvAnoe raju karelAM maMtavyo AMdhrabhatyA ane AMdhra tarIke oLakhAtA rAjAo vacce Apela taphAvata tathA ItihAsamAM kone kone ane kayA samaye te birUda joDI zakAya tene karelA vivAda ane tenI spaSTatA karI batAvavA ApeluM kaSTaka--zaMgabhutya ane AMdhrabhutya zabdanI karela sarakhAmaNa

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tRtIya pariccheda ] sthitinI samAlocanA zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) evo zabda joDI kaDhAyo dekhAya che. eTale zaMkA uparanA prathama paricchede pR. 1 thI 8 sudhImAM rahita thaI cUkyuM ke, te vaMzane aMdhadeza sAthe vadhAre AMdha ane aMdha zIrSakanA vivaraNamAM ApaNe batAvI nahI te utpattinA sthAnanI rUie kaI rIte saMbaMdha gayA chIe ke -- nathI, nathI te nathI ja. (1) aMdha zabda dezavAcaka che ane tenI hastI aMdha zabdanI vicAraNuM A pramANe thaI rahI I. sa. nA trIjAthI chaThThA saikA tene te mULamAMthI ja dAbI devAI che. have A sthitinI vacce thavA pAmI hoya ema saMbhave zabda vize vicArIe. te zabdanuM prathamadarzana purAsamAlocanA che (juo pR. 4), vaLI aMdhradezanI Nika graMthomAM thayuM dekhADayuM che, jo ke te graMthanA hada bAMdhI batAvavAmAM paNa sarva nirmANa viSe lekhaka (mi. repsana) pote zaMkAspada vidvAno ekamata thatA nathI (juo pR. 8). che, chatAM dalIlanI khAtara mAnI lo ke, temanI (2) AMdha zabda prajAvAcaka che, ane te zabdanuM mAnyatA sAcI ja che, paNa te zabda vahelAmAM prathama darzana mi. sananA jaNAvyA pramANe erIya vahele I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI ke chaThThI sadImAM ja brAhmaNa nAmanA granthamAM thayuM che. A granthanuM nirmANa vaparAto zarU thayo hato eTale te nakkI thayuM ja. ane I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadImAM thayAnuM manAyuM che graMthakArane anyathA lakhavAnuM koI kAraNa hoya ja zuM? (juo pR. 3). " tema vaLI ApaNe paNa A vaMzanI AdI ma. saM. (3) A vaMzanA rAjAoe aneka zilAlekha 427mAM eTale I. sa. nI pUrve pAMcamI sadImAM thayAnuM kotarAvela che temaja sikkAo paDAvyA che. chatAM ekamAM pUravAra karyuM che. eTale A baMne vastu svataMtrapaNe temaNe potAnAM nAma sAthe, aMdha ke AMdhra-te bemAMthI astitvamAM AvelI chatAM eka bIjAne Take batAvatI eka zabda joDe nathI (juo pR. 12 tathA 16). AvI gaI che. eTale te sthitine ApaNe hAla te upara batAvela traNa kathanane prathama darzanIya zaMkArahita satya tarIke svIkArI levI rahe che. tyAre parAvA tarIke lekhI te upara have vivAda karIe ke prazna e thAya che ke, te vaMzanA rAjAoe zA mATe temAMthI koI sthiti prApta thAya che kharI? ApaNe te zabdano upayoga potAnA nAma sAthe karavAne joI gayA chIe ke A vaMzanI sthApanA ma. sa. 100= durasta dhAryuM nathI ? zuM temAM temane hINapata lAgatI i. sa. pU. 4ramAM thaI che jyAre "aMdha' zabda jene hatI ke bIjI koI avakaLA temAM samAyelI hatI? dezamucaka gaNyo che tenuM astitva ja che. sanI 3jI te ApaNe jovuM rahe che. temAM uMDe utaravA pUrve je ane chaThThI sadInI vacce thayuM batAvAya che. vacce vidvAnonAM kathanAne Azraya laIne ApaNe "AMdhra" thaeluM mAnavAne badale, vahelAmAM vaheluM vaparAyAnA zabdane prajAvAcaka TharAvyo che tenI tapAsa prathama lai samayanI gaNanA laIe paNa I. sa.nI trIjI levI rahe che. zatAbdI to kharI ja, matalaba ke, te vazanI utpatti a. hi. I. nuM avataraNa (juo pR. 2) kahe che thayA bAda lagabhaga sAtasothI ATha varSe athavA ke, "je prajAne mATe samUha-telugu bhASA bole che have ApaNe jANItA thayA chIe ke te vaMzano aMta paNa te asala gaNAtI vIDIananA pratinidhirUpa che . sa. 235mAM AvI gayo hato eTale te samaya AMdhraprajA paNa te DevIDIana ja che I. I." A bAda ja te zabda vaparA zarU thayo che. A uparathI zabdo bArikIthI tapAsatAM mAlUma paDe che ke, majakura puravAra thAya che ke, te vaMzanI utpatti te eka bAju vidvAne AMdhra prajAne bhale vIDIana kahI dIdhI che rahI, paraMtu aMta AvI gayA bAda ja, 'apradeza" paraMtu tenuM vidhAna uccAravAne temaNe kAMI kAraNuM

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AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ aSTama khaMDa rajI kya lAgatAM nathI. tevI ja rIte ke. . re.nA Andhras (juo pR. 5)=zatavahana vaMza AMdhraprajA vidvAna lekhakanA zabdo (jAo pR. 3) paNa nahotI eTale ke temane eka rIte AMdhraprajA kahI emaja bole che ke, "tene (AMdhrane) dakSiNa hiMdamAMnI paNa na zakAya (3) The founder of the aneka jAtiomAMnI eka tarIke lekhI che. pAchaLanA dynasty was born at Paithan (juo samayanI peThe, te samaye paNa temanuM vatana...telugu pR. 5)-te vaMzano mULa puruSa paiThaNamAM ja hatA. dezamAM hatuM I. I." eTale ke, temaNe (purANanA (eTale ke Adi purUSanuM janmasthAna paiThaNamAM kharuM, kathananA AdhAre) AMdhane eka jAti tarIke oLakhAvI paraMtu tethI tenI utpatti paNa paiThaNamAM hatI ema na ja che kharI, paraMtu tenA sthAna mATe purANanA kathananA kahevAya. kemake garbhavatI strIo prasUti vakhate pitAnA AdhAre temanuM maMtavya nathI thatuM, tyAM te pite ja sAsarethI mahiyaramAM ghaNI vakhata jAya che, eTale bALakanuM pitAnuM anumAna karI vALyuM che ke, "pAchaLanA janmasthAna te tenI pedAzanuM sthAna na gaNAya. vaLI samayanI peThe, te samaye paNa temanuM vatana telugu ahi te paiThaNa batAvyuM che je dakSiNa hiMdanA pazcima dezamAM hatuM." matalaba ke resana sAhebe paNa AMdhra- bhAgamAM AveluM che; jyAre aMdezane sarva vidvAnoe prajAne telugu dezanI prajA tarIke-utpattinI daSTie dakSiNa hiMdanA pUrva bhAgamAM mAnya che), A pramANe vicAratAM-TharAvavAne kAMI AdhArapUrvaka vAta karI mULa graMtho uparathI avataraNa karAyelA akSare sAvanathI. A pramANe banne vidvAnonAM kathananI bArika cetI pUrvakanA utagAra kADhe che. A badhuM kahevAne tapAsa letAM, te AdhArarahita puravAra thatAM dekhAyAM tAtparya eTalo ja che ke, AMdhra zabda prajAsUcaka che. che. bAkI eTalo te jarUra te bannenA kahevAmAMthI vaLI te prajAne dakSiNa hiMda sAthe pAchaLathI saMbaMdha sAra nIkaLe che ja ke AMdhraprajAne "telugu deza-telugu jeDAyo samajAya che paraMtu temanI utpattinuM sthAna bahu bhASA bolatI prajAnA deza sAthe' pAchaLathI eTale anizcita dekhAya che. bAkI te vaMzanA rAjAoe temanI utpatti thaI gayA bAda (pachI thoDe kALe ke te nAmathI pitAne oLakhAvyA nathI. eTale ke, ghaNu lAMbe kALe te prazna bIjo che) nikaTa saMbaMdha tAravavA karAvelI hakIkatamAMthI haju ardho bhAga ja joDAyo hato ja. ane banavAjoga che ke te vakhate ApaNe zodhI zakayA chIe. bAkI rahela bhAganI tapAsa jevI sthiti hatI tevI ja sthiti tenI pUrvanA bhUta- have karIe. kALamAM paNa haze evuM ka9pI laIne ja temaNe varNana mi. rasane, jeNe eka aThaMga sikkAzAstrI tarIke karI dIdhuM hoya. A jo ke ApaNuM tattvagrahaNa che. sArI nAmanA meLavI che temaNe prathama " AMdhra paraMtu te vAstavika dekhAya che, kemake prAcIna samayanA jAtiyAH" evA zabdo bhAratIya granthonA AdhAre athavA to tenA ja avataraNa- AMdhra prajAnI lakhIne temanI utpatti vize rUpe je zabdo, lakhAyA che te te saMbhALapUrvaka ja uccA- utpatti vize pitAnA vicAra jaNAvyA rAyA lAge che. jemake (1) The Home of the che ke. The four Pued Andhras (opal Y.4)=s&ald Built ranas, which have been independently prajAnuM vatana=(eTale ke jene AMdhra prajA kahevAya che; examined, agree in stating that the paraMtu temane ja AMdhra prajA kahI zakAya ke kema te first of the Andhra kings rose to pozakAspada che) (2) Satavahanas were not wer by slaying Susherman, the last (1) chatAM khUbI e che ke, koI nAmAMkita anya vidvAno paraMtu) te AdhAravinAnuM hoya te, sarve tene vadhAvI le che. lakhe(AdhArasahita hoya to te kAMI bolavApaNuM hoya ja nahIM, (2) ke, A. 2. pU. 64,

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AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize tRtIya pariccheda ] of the Kanvas. In three of them he is called Shimukh; in the fourth he is simply described as a strong Sudra, Vrshalo Bali '' (The commentator reas a proper name)=je cAra gards Bali paurANika graMnthA svataMtra rIte tapAsI jovAyA che te sarve ekamata che ke, kannavaMzanA chellA purUSa suzarmanane mArI nAMkhIne AMdhrapatiomAMnA prathama puruSa sattA upara AvyA che. temAMnA traNa graMtheAmAM tenuM (prathama purUSanuM) nAma zimukha jaNAvyuM che jyAre ceAthAmAM tene mAtra kRSalekhali =halakI jAtanAM zUdro tarIke varNavyA che (atra TIkAkAra baline vizeSanAma tarIke lekhe che) A vAkyamAMnI anya hakIkatA sAthe atyAre ApaNe saMbaMdha nathI eTale te javA daIzuM. je jANavAnuM che te eTaluM ja ke, AMdhrapatinA prathama puruSanuM nAma zimukha hatuM ema traNa paurANika graMthA kahe che. ane cAcA ema kahe che ke te purUSa atyaMta zUdra jAtine (3) AA cAra purANAnAM nAme A pramANe che. matsya, vAyu, viSNu ane bhAgavata, AgaLa upara juo. (4) A zabdanA sAmAnya artha zuM karAya che ane kharo aM zuM thaI zake te mATe caMdragupta mauryaMnA vakhate pu. 2 pR. 140, TI. naM. 26 tathA rR. 171, TI. naM. 29 juo [ nAgapura yunivarsiTIvALA preA, DAkTara eca. sI. zeTha jaNAve che ke, Likely the word VoSal which perhaps originally meant, one beloning to a non-brahmanical and heretical sect; te ja vidvAna vaLI jaNAve che ke, I suggest that Vrsal as used in connection with Chandragupta is the sanskritised form of 'Basileus (Prakrit form of which will be Basal) which was the Greek equivalent of Rajan (king) ]. (5) videha dezanA rahIza te vaideha kahevAya. zabdakoSakAranuM kahevuM ema che ke, rAjA zrImukhane| pitA videha dezanA vatanI hatA. pu. 1mAM vizALA nagarInuM varNana Apela che. te dezane videha kahetA ane tenA te samayanA rAnanuM nAma ceTaka hatuM, ema jaNAvyuM che. te badhA licchavI jJAtinA kSatriya hatA. licchavI jAti paNa strIcha kSatri [ 47 hatA. matalaba ke zUdra jAtimAM paNa atyaMta nIca kATIne lekhavyo che. A uparathI eTaluM cesa thAya che, ke purANanA maMtavya pramANe AMdhra te jAti paratve nAma lAge che. ane tevI zUdrajAtimAM rAjA zimukha janmyA hatA. pro. viliyamsanI saMskRta-aMgrejI DikSanerImAM AMdhra zabdanI vyAkhyA ApatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, a man of low caste (the offspring of a Vaideha father and Karwar mother, who lives by killing game)=halakA varNanA puruSa (jenA mAbApamAM, pitA videhadezanA vatanIpa che ane mAtA kAravAra pradezanI athavA karavara jAtinI che. je pAranA dhaMdhA karI peTa gujArA kare che). jo ke hajI ApaNe rAjA zrImukhanA mAbApa kANu hatA tenI zodha calAvavI rahe che, paraMtu uparanA kacanamAMthI ema sAra nIkaLatA jaNAya che ke, tene pitA videhadezanA (mukhyatve karIne tenI rAjadhAnI vizALAnagarI che tene) vatanI hatA ane enI mAtA canI aDhAramAMnI eka peTA jAti hatI. kahevAnI matalama e che ke, AvI kSatriyannatinA purUSa ane kavara jAtinI mAtAnA peTe janmela evA je purUSa te AMka. ( tyAre te AMtra, e kAi amuka jJAtinuM nAma ja tharyuM; kAI paNa zUdra jAtinuM sAmAnya nAma nathI ). sarakhAve pR. 6; tathA AgaLanA pRSThanuM lakhANa. AmAM 'kAravAra mAtA'nA artha e rIte besADI zakAya. kAIkavAra (muMbaI ilAkAnA eka pradeza jemAM kAravAra nAmanuM zahera Avela che sarakhAveA AgaLamAM AvatuM vana; khelagAma, dhAravADa, kAlhApura vagere meTAmeTA nagaro jyAM Avela che ane je pradezamAMthI cuTukAnaMda, mULAnaMda vagerenA sikkA maLI AvyA che tathA je pradeza upara kabajAtinA purUSAnI rAjasattA cAlyAnuM itihAsa jaNAve che te) nI vatanI evI mAtA, (2) karavara jAtimAM janmelI evI mAtA ke je karavara jAti haMmezAM pAradhinI peThe pIonA zikAra karIne peTa gujArA calAvatI hatI. paraMtu mane ane bhegA karIe tA, kAravAra gAmamAM rahetI ane pAridhanA dhaMdhA karatI tethI karavarInA nAmathI oLakhAtI, evI drajAtinI mAtAteNInA peTa tenA janma thayA hatA ema kahevuM thayuM. (6) ju uparanI TIkA naM. paneA uttarabhAga,

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AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize 48 ] muMbaI ilAkAnI DeDa dakSiNamAM Avela evA kAlhApura rAjyanA pradezanI kAika zUdrajAtimAM janmelI hatI. A pramANe dUra dUra paDela purUSa ane strInuM milana kayI rIte thavA pAmyuM hatuM athavA tevA strIpuruSanuM yugala te karyuM hatuM, tenI tapAsa karatAM vaLI je dekhAI Ave te kharUM. parantu rAjA zimukhanA tathA tenA vaMzajonA je sikkAo hAlamAM ApaNane prApta thayA che, temAM tIra kAmaThuM (Bow and arrows)-jene kahevAya tevI AkRti kAtarAyalI spaSTapaNe dekhAya che. eTale upara darzAvelI hakIkatane samarthana maLatuM hoya evuM sahaja anumAna dArI zakAya che. vaLI eka lekhaka, jemaNe khAsa karIne dakSiNa hiMdanA itihAsanA ja abhyAsa karIne graMthalekhana karyuM che te jaNAve che ke,7 There was also a Nandaraja of Kalinga, from whom some four Kshatriya clans of Andhra-desh are descended; so says a Telugu version=telugu sAhityamAM ema jaNAvAyuM che ke, kaliMgadezanA kAika naMda nAme rAjA hatA, jemAMthI aMdhradezanI kSatriya prajAnI cAra jAtinA udbhava thayA gaNAya che. eTale telugu sAhityane AdhAre lekhaka mahAzaya ema kahevA mAMge che ke aMdhradezamAM kSatriya prajAnA je cAra vibhAgA thayA che tenI (7) jai. sa. d. bhAga 2, pR. 4, TI. naM. 1. (8) dakSiNahiMdanI mukhya bhASAnuM mULa DrAviDiyana sTIka (Dravidian Stock ) gaNAya che. tenI cAra rAAkhA che (1) telugubhASA je hAla nijhAmI rAjyamAM kheAlAya che athavA je pradezane tenI khelAtI bhASA uparathI tela gaNu pradeza tarIke oLakhAvAya che te (2) tAmila-je madrAsa ilAkAmAM meATAbhAgamAM khelAya che te (3) kenerIjha-je hAla mahIsura rAjyamAM tathA muMbai ilAkAnA kAnArA prAMtamAM khelAya che te (4) ane malAyama-je hiMdanA ekadama dakSiNa. mAM madurA,kepa kAmeArIna,kAcIna, malakhAra i.mAM bAlAya che te. ATalA vana uparathI samajAze ke, jene adhra pradeza tarIke oLakhAvyeA che te dezanI bhASA telugu che. teja telagubhASAnA sAhityaAdhAre AMdhraprajAnI utpatti jaNAvAI [ aSTama khaDa utpatti kaliMgapati rAjA naMdamAMthI thavA pAmI che. Ama jaNAvatAM kSatriya jAtanA cAra vibhAgeA kayA? kaliMgapati naMdarAjA kaye|10 ? te e muddA viSe kAMI sphATa karyo nathI. parantu AgaLa jatAM temaNe je vAkaya lakhyuM che, te uparathI ApaNane panA doDAvavAne puSkaLa khaLa maLI jAya che. temanuM kathana A pramANe che.11-The Andhras of the the Talevaha river (referred to in the Jataka stories of the sixth century B. C.) the contemporaries of Kharvel must likewise have been Jains, as also the Nagas, in alliance with them and the Sendraka-Nagas in alliance with the Kadambas. Very little is known about these Andhras, except they were immigrants into the lands inhabited by the Kalingas and the Telingas. Whether they belonged to the Satvahan clan or not, is difficult to determine=talevAha nadI (taTe vaselI) AMdhraprajA (jemanuM varNana12 i. sa. pU.nI chaThThI sadInI jAtaka kathAomAM Ave che.) je khAravelanA samayanI 13 che te paNa jainadharmI ja haze;14 jevI rIte nAga che eTale te abhiprAya vizeSa vajanadAra gaNavA rahe che. (9) jIe nIcenuM TI, na, 19, (10) jIe nIcenuM TI. na. 26 (11) jIe te ja pustakramAM bhAga 2, pR. 74. (12) je AMdhraprananuM varNana i. sa. pU.nI chaThThI (athavA pAMcamI) sadImAM racAyalI kathAomAM nIkaLatuM DhAya tene (tenA AdharAnta zrImukhane) samaya te puSpamitra zRMga patineA eTale i. sa. pU.nI bIjI sadIne kahevAya ke ApaNe TharAvela i. sa. pU.nI pAMcamI sadIne kahevAya ? (13) khAravelane samaya paNa A uparathI (jIe uparanI TIkA naM. 12) i. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadI nA puravAra thAya che. (14) atra AMdhraprAne jainadharmAnucAyI kahI che. ApaNe

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dvitIya paricheda ]. AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ 49 majApa tathA temanI sAthenI suMdraka nAgaprajA jainadhama ja hatI (2) tevI ja rIte nAga, seMdrikanAga, tathA temanI sAthenI kadaMbaprajA 17 (jainadhamAM che)18 ane kadaMba prajA paNa jenadhamAM hatI (3) A badhuM tema; (chatAM) AMdhra vize te kAMI ja jANavAmAM varNana I. sa. pU.nI chaThThI sadI (Azare)mAM racAyelI AvyuM nathI. sivAya ke kaliMga9 ane teliga dezanA jAtaka kathAomAM apAyela che. (4) jema anya vatanIo je bhUmi upara vasela hatA te dezamAM teo leke kaliMga ane teliMga dezamAM AvI vasyA hatA mAgatuka tarIke 20 AvI rahyA hatA. teo zatavahana tema AMdhraprajA paNa bahArathI AvIne tyAM vasI kuLanA hatA ke kema teno nirNaya karavo kaThina che." hatI(eTale ke te dezanI mULa vatanI teo nahotA) eTale temanuM kahevuM ema thAya che ke (1) jema khAra- (5) A AMdhraprajA te zatavAhana vaMzavALA ja hatA ke ela na hato tema tenI samakAlina AMdhraprajA paNa kema te vize nirNa karavAnuM kAma ati muzkela che. paNa te ja matane maLatA chIe ema AgaLa upara purAvA (2) Kotas of Dhanya Kataka= dhAnya kaTanI ApIne sAbIta karIzuM. khAla ane Ama prajA bane kaTaprajA. jenaSama che. (3) Pusapaties of Bezwada ( Oxalsh? (15) nAgaprana eTale naMdavaMzI kSatriyo kahevAnI pUsApati prajA) and Pusapadu (pU56) of Vijamatalaba che. zizunAgavaMzI te moTA nAgavaMza ane naMda- yanagar (khArale je dehasaMdhAta toDayAnI-athavA traNanI vaMza te nAno nAgavaMza (io pu.1mAM varNana) A uparathI saMkhyAmAM kAMIka teDayAnI je hakIkta hAthIguphA lekhamAM naMdane TAmAM nAgavaMza paNa kahevAya che. tenI prajA te paMkti 11mAM jaNAvI che te A pradezane lagatI hakIta haze nAgakana athavA zizunAga ane naMdavaMzI sarva kSatriyonI ema paNa amAruM mAnavuM thAya che. sarakhA pu.4, pR. 299 prajAne paNa nAgavaMzI kahI zakAya. nI hakIkta). (16) uparanI nAgaprajAno koI vizeSa bhAga haze. amuka (8) Kosars = slu? Horl. navanI kSiAe te karate hoya athavA amuka pradezamAM te (5) Vadgus = vaDagu prajA. vasI rahI heya jene lIdhe AvuM khAsa nAma apAyuM lAge che. Ama lakhIne umeryuM che ke, All these were (17) A u5rathI sAbita thayuM che, kadaMbajhA mULe te shaivites. Some of them ( or perhaps all ) nAgamano aMza ja che (ApaNe paNa pu. 1mAM naMdivardhana may have been Buddhits or Jains during the tame A prakArano ullekha karyo che). satavahan period = A sarve zaivamAga prana hatI. (18) A sarvaprajA jainadhamI hatI ema pu. 1mAM temAMnA keTalAka (balake sarva) zatavahananA rAjyakALe bauddhazizunAga ane naMdavaMzI rAjAonA dharma vizenuM varNana dhamI ke jainadhamI haze.(amAruM TIppaNa-Atavahana prAnA karatAM sAbita karI gayA chIe. Adi samaye rAjA pote ja jainadharma pALatA hatA eTale 19) upara traNa prajAnAM nAma ApI gayA chIe jevI temanI jAtavALA sarva jainadhamI ja hatA. AgaLa jatAM temAMnA ke, nAga, seMdrakanAga, ane kadaMba; jyAre ahIM AMdha jaNAvyuM keTalAke vaidikamata grahaNa karyo hato, paraMtu kadApI bauddha eTale lekhaka mahAzayanI gaNatrI pramANe kSatriyanA cAra te teo thayA ja nathI. eTale uparanI sarve kSatriya jAtio vibhAge rAjanaMdamAMthI durbhAgyA che te A cAra vibhAgo moTAbhAge jaina hatI ane thoDA samaya mATe vaidika hatI). ja hovA joIe. (juo uparanI TIkA naM. 9) paraMtu A (20) AgaMtuka tarIke AMdhane lekhyA che eTale ema - lekhake, te ja pustakamAM pR. 20 thI 25mAM 5 clans of thayuM ke jema talavAha nadInI AsapAsa bIjI prajA AvI Andhra Rajputs or Kshatriya clans = AMdha vasI hatI tema AMdhraprajA paNa bahArathI AvIne te pra puta athavA kSatriyavarNanI pAMca jAtio, evA zabda zamAM vasI hatI. temanI utpattinuM sthAna ahIM nahotuM khIne nIce pramANe temanAM nAma lakhyAM che. . (sarakhAvo 5. 1thI 8 sudhImAM pradeza ane AMdhraprajanI ' (1) Kakatiyas of warrangul = vAMgaLanI utpati vize anya vidvAnonA vicAra ).. pratiya mana. (ra) jIe 05ranI TI. naM. 12.

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50 ] eTale ke jaeNma zatavatanavaMzI AMdhraprajAmAM gaNuAya che, tema ahIM vasI rahelI AMdhraprajA pazu temane ja lagatI hatI ke kema te kahevuM muzkela che. matalaba ke AMdhra zabda, mAtra satavahanavaMzI mATeja vaparAya che. ema nathI, paraMtu temAM tA anya prajAnA paNa samAveza thai zake che. eTale AMdhaprA te sAmAnya nAma thayuM ane tene eka aMza te zatavana vaMza ( sarakhAvA pR. . nuM lakhANu; temaja ( lakhANu; temaja uparamAM TI. naM. 5 mAMnI 5 mULa dvakIkata che. A pramANe pAtAne lagatI azakayatA- muzkelInuM varNana karIne, 3 teja pustakamAM DA. khulla jevA bhASAzAstrInuM thatuM maMtavya temanA ja zabdomAM jaNAve che. Dr. Buhler is of opinion that it was the Kadamba script that , latterly developed into the Telugu- Kanarese or Andhra-Karnata variety of south Indian alphabets. This lends colour to the suggestion that the AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize (22) jai. sa. i. pu. 1, pR. 576 (23) A hakIkruta gAmaTezvaranI mUrtinA samayaniya mATe kadAca upayogI thavA sabhava che. to power the Abhiras, or Kalachuris or (24) DaoN. byulare batAvela vicArAmAMthI te| atra evuM tAravI kaDhAya che ke, prathama krarda'khalipi hatI te mAda AM, telagu, nArI vagere bI thai che athavA kiSi AdhAre prajAnAM nAmeA gaNAvIe te kadaMbapraznamAMthI, AMdhra from the style of Man-vyas gotra, Haritiputra Haihayas, the Rastrikutas and the Kadambas. On the ruins of whose power the Chalukyas (please note they are not Chaulukyas) claim to have built up the empire and they seem to be direct followers of Kadambas, as is manifest ane dakSiNa hiMdanI bIka praznanA bava thacA gaNAya che. etc. which they have adopted from their Kadamba predecessors; for, as far as can be gathered from inscriptions, the Ka dambas were the earliest south Indian Dynasty to adopt this style=". sa. 302nI AsapAsamAM kaeNmaNaeN te sAthenA mALA rAjyatana rAkhanA sikko maLe che) khAvAnI paDatI thatAM abhirA athavA lacurIo athavA DhaMDhamAtra, rASTro ane bA sattA upara AvyA kha re sattAnI paDatI thatAM, (ka) A viSaya uparanA amArA vicAro mATe bru pU. 25 tathA tenAM TIpA. (kha) AmAM teA kema jANe kada khaprA sauthI chevaTa AvI paraMtu AgaLa jatAM lekhaka mahArAya peAtAne krUratA vicArA jaNAvatAM dardIbanuM nAma chelluM rAkhIne kAMIka geATALe ubhA karI detA jaNAya che ( jo temaja DrAya tA kAMIka sudhAro avA jarUrI che). (mAra DIjha-A viSaya ane cavAmAM amArA deza, dakSiNa hiMdanI prajananAM dhama tathA sAmAjIka prathAonA viSayamAM, te lekhake rantu karelA vicAra pakSI je prakAza paDe che, te darzAvavAno che.) [ ma khaDa Andhra and Kadambas together contributed to the earliest growth of the fine arts and culture of these Andhra and Karnata provinces=3. jIddAranA mata prema thAya che ke, kadaMbazipino pALathI vikAsa thatAM telagu-maeNnArI athavA AMdhra-karNATa jAtanI dakSiNa dvindanA mULAkSarAnI jAta thavA pAmI che. A uparathI pelI sUcanAne samarthana maLe che ke, AMdhra ane kadaMba prajAe bhegA maLIne, aMdha Ane kaTa prAMtAnAM mara kArIgarI ane saMskRtinA pAgasamayI vikAsamAM moTA hissA arpaNa karyAM che." kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, dakSiNa hiMdanA AMdhra ane karNATa pradezanI lalitakaLA ane saMskRtinI je atyAre ekAma prazaMsA thai rahI che te aMdha ane kadaMba pratnae ja sAdhI hatI; A baMne prajAnI mULa lipi kakha hatI, je dhImedhIme vikasita thaI ne vartamAna sthitie paheAMcavA pAmI che, eTale TraMkamAM kaheA tA, dakSiNa hiMdanAM lAlitya ane saMskRti3 sarva, prajA tarIke lekhAvA teA kara4 temaNe lakhyuM che ke (jIe majakura pustaka, pR. 76 ) "On the decline of Andhra dynasty about the year A. D. 302 ( for their is a coin of a Satavahan king bearing that date) came in

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dvitIya paricheda ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ 51 ane AMdhra prajAne, ane lipi tarIke lekhAve to te kevA prakAra haze te bhale ApaNe zodhavuM rahe che. kadaMba lipine ja AbhArI che. A niSkarSanuM temaja mi. remsane TAMkela paurANika jenIjhama Ina sadharna inDiyAnA vidvAna lekhake hakIkatanuM ane mi. viliyamsanA saMskRta aMgrejI zabdadakSiNa hiMdanA potAnA khAsa abhyAsane aMge je kASamAM apAyelI vyAkhyAnuM, ema sarvanuM ekIkaraNa hakIkata tAravI kADhI che ane jenA keTalAka utArA karatAM sahaja jaNAI Ave che ke zatavahanavaMzI AMdhaApaNe atre TAMkI batAvyA che tathA te upara prakAza prajAnI utpatti zuddha 5NunI dRSTie jotAM kSatriya mAtApADatAM TIppaNo ame je lakhyAM che te sarvane sAra pitAmAMthI udabhavI nathI dekhAtI. tema e paNa spaSTa joIzuM to e ja niSkarSa nIkaLe che ke, zatavahanavaMzI thAya che ke, pitA te uttara hiMdanI kSatriya jAtimAne prajAne kaIne kaI rIte, kadaMba temaja uttara hiMdanI ja hato paraMtu mAtA bhadrANi hatI; je haju sudhI maurya tathA naMdaprajA sAthe saMbaMdha hovo joIe. pachI nizcita nathI thatuM te, keNa pitA ane kSatriyanI kaI cAluyAega sAmrAjaya jamAvyuM hoya ema lekhAya che. che. je zabdanizathI cAlukaya saMskRti uttama rIte eLakemake potAnA pUrvaja evA kadaMbAe vAparelo mAnavyAsa khAya te ranamaH zivAya siddhanamaH athavA 3jhanamo nArAya: gotra, haritiputra I. paddhatine anusaravAthI teo kadaMbamAMthI che; ziva ane nArAyaNa lakhavAnI paddhati, mULamAM khAsa sIdhA utarI AvyA hovAnuM samajAya che; kAraNake A karIne dakSiNahiMdanI ane pittana: zabdathI nirdiSTa thatI paddhati je kaI dakSiNanA hiMdIvaze prathamamAM prathama vAparI bauddhaca paddhati mauryanacha athavA uttarahiMdanI che. (naM. 5 hoya to kadaMbaprajA ja che ema zilAlekhamAMthI tAravI zakAya che." ane 6nAM TIpaNe tathA A lekhake pote darzAvela vicAronuM vaLI AgaLa jatAM pR. 80 upara lakhe che, ke The ekIkaraNa karatAM samajAze ke A sarva prajA jainadhamI ja formula which expresses Satavahan culture saMbhave che. temAM paNa zatavahanavaMzanI utpatti mauryana ane best is fua af: the formula which expresses uttarahiMdanI temaNe je ke meghamaNe jaNAvelI che paraMtu itihA sanA abhyAsathI have ApaNe jANItA thayA chIe, ke temanI Chalukya culture best is a zivAya, sikaM nama: utpattinuM mULa naMdavaMzI prajAmAM samAyeluM che. eka bIjA or a an: 2177907: Shaivism and Narayanism muddA upara vAcakanuM dhyAna deravAnuM che. temaNe ahIM cAlaare said to be particularly of south Indian kaya zabda vAparyo ja che. eTale ke cAluyajhana dakSiNa origin while Buddhism expressed by siddhanama: hiMdanI che. jyAre caulakaya-rAjaputaprana te uttarahiMdanI che. is Mauryan and north Indian=je zabdanirdezathI temano udabhava te I. sa.nA chaThThA saikAmAM Abu parvata upara zatavahana saMskRti uttama rIte oLakhAya che te uddhanamaH agnihotrI kSatriyanI cAra zAkhA utpanna thaI che te hoya tevo bhAsa thato dekhAya che. A mATe uparamAM kareluM jainane badale bauddha hovAnuM vidvAnoe manAvyuM che tema amArUM TIpaNu vAMce kharI rIte te kadaMbamAMthI uparanI A vidvAne paNa tenuM anukaraNa karIne te zabda vAparyo che. sarva prajA udbhavI che. paraMtu have ApaNe puravAra karI cUkyA chIe ke te jaina (ga) dhyAna rAkhavuM ke caulukayo nathI lakhyuM paraMtu saMskRtinAM ghAtake che. cAlakaya lakhyuM che. | (cha) mairyana sikkAomAM je Moon on the Hill, (dha) eTale ema thayuM ke, mULa kadaMbo hatA. temAMthI Abhira, Swastika, Chaitya=DhagalIo upara caMdra, svastika, caitya kalacarI, cAlAka, rASTrakaTa, heyAjha I. utpanna thayA che. I. ketarAyela che te badhAM 5. jayasvAlajIe have jana(ca) bauddha ne badale jaina zabda joIe. kemake bauddhamAM dhamAM hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. (juo pu. 2 sikkAvarNane, trIjA I siddha zabda ja nathI te jainane pAribhASika che: paricchedanAM aMte; temaja sikrAcitranA varNanamAM dhArmika vaLI bIjI atyAra sudhI uttarahiMdanI sarva saMsakRti ja cinho sabaMdhI ame ApelI samAti),

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para ] AMdhra prajAnI utpatti vize [ aSTama khaMDa jatino tathA mAtA zadrANi te te kaI jAtinI ane pitA videhadezane vatanI hatA. jenIjhama ina sarSane kayA pradezanI; jo ke temano samaya nakkI karI cUkayA iDiyA telugu sAhitya AdhAre jaNAve che ke, dakSiNa chIe. zatavahanavaMzanI Adi I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM che hiMdanI kSatriya prajAnuM mULa kaliMgapati keI naMda nAmanA eTale tenA AdipuruSa rAjA zrImakhano janma to rAjAmAM samAyeluM paDayuM che; vaLI samaya paNa nizcita te pUrve ja thaI gayo kahevAya. je te vaMzanI sthApanA thaI cUkI che eTale have to je tapAsavuM rahe che te karatI vakhate tenI umara kamamAM kama 25-30 lekho te eTaluM ja ke I. sa. pU. 450thI 460 sudhImAM koI tenA mAtApitAne lagnasaMbaMdha paNa I. sa. pU. 4ra7 evA naMda rAjA thaye che ke je videhane rahIza hoya pahelAM 30 varSe eTale I. sa. pU. 457mAM athavA ane jenA vRttAMtathI ApaNe itihAsamAM ema pAke to 45thI 460nA dazakAmAM thayo hovo joIe. pAye jAhera karI zakatA hAIe, ke jeNe zANi sAthe ATalI sAmagrI ApaNI pAse taiyAra thaI gaI che. lagna karyuM hoya temaja pite kaliMgapati banyo hoya ke * have tenuM avalaMbana laine AgaLa vadhIe. kahevAtuM hoya. naMdavaMzI rAjAonAM vRttAMtathI ApaNe saMskRta-aMgrejI zabdakeza ema kahe che ke, tene kayAranA jANItA thaI cUkayA chIe ke teo nAga sAmAjIka ane be aMta paNa jatA hatA. potAnA samayano kahevAya; jyAre cAlukaya prajAnuM mULa te TheTha che. kahevAya che, ane kalacurIoe paNa sAmAjIka saMbaMdha joDasa. pUrvenA samayamAM samAyeluM che. matalaba ke cAlaka ane vAnI te prathAnuM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM eTale temanuM kahevuM caulukaya banne judA che. A prazno AgaLa paNa ame chayA ema thAya che ke, pUrva samaye jyAre jUti ( atyAranI che, juo.). jAti jema kahevAya che tema) nAmanI saMsthA jevuM nahotuM vaLI AgaLa pR.83 upara potAnA vicAro jaNAve che tyAre, rAjakartAe potAnI hArajItane aMge athavA to "Social unions and fusions are always attem- anya kAraNathI nIpajatA potAnA hedI ane adhikAranI pted to safeguard their political power. mahatvatA jALavI rAkhavAne aMge, paraspara sAmAjIka ane Evidence of this is found in Visnakund, kauTuMbika saMbaMdha jeThatA hatA. potAnA kathananA temaNe eka Kadamb-Satakarni, who must have been a be daSTAMta paNa raju kyAM che. uparAMta ApaNe paNa atiprince born of the Satakarni and Kadamb hAsika daSTie purAvAmAM upayogI thAya tevAM thoDAM union; similar relations the Satavahanas are vadhAre raju karIzuM. jemake, kezalapati prasenajIta sAthe said to have contracted with the Pallavas magadhapati zreNika ane tenA putra anatAe je and the Nagas; the Kalachuris also followed lagnasaMbadhe; navamA naMda ane mairya caMdragupta azodhana this tradition of social union = sAmAjA lagna ane selyukasa nikeTe: samrATa priyadarzIne kaliMgapatine ane saMbaMdhe haMmezAM potapotAnI rAjakIya sattA nibhAvI be vAra javA dIdhA hatA te hakIkta ( ghAlI jagADAnA rAkhavA mATe jatA hatA. daSTAMta tarIke vikharukaMDaja, kadaMba- zilAlekha) rAja zrImukhe potAnA putra cattI sAthe vidazatakaraNijha I. samajI levA. AmAMne kadaMba- zatakaraNi bhaMnA keIka mahArathInI putrI nAganikAne paraNAvI hatIH te zatakaraNa ane kadaMba vacce thayela lagnasaMbaMdhathI utpanna zugapati agnimitre vidarbhapatinI kuMvarI mAlavikA sAthe thayela kumAra saMbhave che. te prathAne anusarIne rAtavahana kareluM lagna; I. I. aneka dRSTAMta itihAsamAMthI jaDI Ave prajAe paNa pallavAra ane nAgaprajA sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhyAnuM tema che. (ja) sarakhA cuTukAnaMda ane mULAnaMdanA sikkA pu. rAjAne paraNAvI devAnuM manAvyuM che ane te upara amArA 2 mAM tathA 1mAM naMdIvardhana rAjya temanI hakIkata. vicAro darzAvyA che te hakIkta sAthe sarakhAvo. juo (4) pu. 4mAM rUdradAmananA varNane pR. 208 thI AgaLa paMcama pariccheda lekha naM. 17. juo. jemAM kanDerInA zilAlekha AdhAre vidvAnoe kaI (2) pR. 1mAM naMdivardhana rAye pahalava, kadaMba vagerene anere zabda mAnI laine rUdradAmane potAnI putrI zatakaraNi saMbaMdhane ame joDI batAvyA che te hakIkata sAthe A sarakhA,

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judI gAdI ane tharAsthApavAnAM kAraNeA dvitIya pariccheda ] prAnA nakharA che. A prajA maMtrijI nAmanA kSatriyanA aDhAra je peTA vibhAgeA che temAMnI eka gaNAya che. saitri kSatriye! asalamAM videhadezamAM janmI karIne, cAre taraph rAjya hakumata calAvatA calAvatA phelAtA gayA che. eTale naMdavaMzanA rAjAAne videhI kahI zakAya. temaja naMdavaMzanA adhikAramAM videhadeza AvI paNa paDayA hatA; eTale rAjya hakumatane aMge paNa temane videhapati athavA videhI kahI zakAya ja. A pramANe eka hakIkatanA meLa tA besI gayA; paNu naMdavaMzamAMnA kayA rAjA te hajI zodhavuM rahe che. te vaMzanA itihAsathI jANyuM che ke temAM nava rAjAe thayA che. cha aa nAmanA ja hatA khAkInA traNa pratApI ane vaibhavazALI nIvaDayA che. temanAM nAma, naMda pahelA, naMda bIjo ane naMda navameA. temAM navamA naMdanA samaya I. sa. pU. 413thI 378nA TharAvAyA che, temaja vaLI khIjI hakIkata tenA vize ema nIkaLe che ke te pote zUdra rANInA peTe janmyA hatA parantu zUdrANIne paraNyA hatA ema nathI. jyAre ahIM teA peAtAne zraddhANu vere paraNyAnA muddo che eTale cyA e kAraNe tenuM nAma khAda karavuM rahe che. pachI rahyA e naMda naMda pahelA ane bIjo. AmAMnA pahelA naMda vize jANI cUkayA chIe ke teNe dakSiNa hiMdanA amuka pradezA jItI laI (jIe pu. 1 tenuM vRttAMta) magadha sAmrAjya vadhArI mUkayuM hatuM ane tethI teNe nadivardhana nAmanuM birUda prApta karyuM hatuM, temaja tenA uttarAdhikArI tarIke tenA putra naMda khIjAne paNa dakSiNu hidanA prAMtAnA adhikAra maLyA ja hatA. eTale A aMte naMdarAjAne dakSiNupati kahI zakAya tema cheja. tema pahelA naMdanA samaya I. sa. pU. 472 thI 456= 16 varSanA ane khIjAne samaya i. sa. pU. 456thI 428=68 varSanA jaNAvyA che. eTale samayanI dRSTie (25) jue uparamAM zata ane zatavahanavaMzanI hakIkata (26) sarakhAveA uparamAM pR. 48 TI naM. 10 (27) A lagna tA naMdanavamA (zUdrANIyA kumAra)nuM ane brAhmaNukanyA vacce hatuM. ane tene samaya nada trIjo jene kALAzekanI upamA ItihAsavido ApI rahyA [ 53 (450 ane 460nA dazakAnI gaNatrIe) je ke banne naMdane te hakIkata sparzI zake tema che. paraMtu drANi sAthe lagna karyAnI hakIkata tA mAtra naMda khIjAte ja lAgu paDatI itihAsamAM noMdhAyelI che. eTale spaSTapaNe kahI zakAze ke rAjA zrImukhanA pitA te anya koI nahi paNa te naMda bIjo ja hatA.26 naMda bIjAnA rAjyakALa 456thI 428 te jaNAvAyA che. eTale lita thAya che ke I. sa. pU. 456 thI 450 sudhInA peAtAnA rAjyakALanA prathamanA cha varSamAM ja taMda khIjAe zrImukhanI mAtA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. A pramANe zatavahanavaMzI rAjAonI utpatti saMbaMdhanA samaya, prAraMbha, tenA mAtapitA kANu ityAdi, aneka aNuzAkhyA praznonA nikAla lAvI cUkayA kahevAIzuM. uparanA pArigrAfe joi gayA chIe ke rAjA zrImukha peAte magadhapati naMda bIjAne putra thatA hatA. AvI rIte magadhapati rAjAne kumAra hAvA chatAM teNe dakSiNa hiMdamAM jaI ne peAtAnAM svataMtra rAjya ane vaMza zA mATe sthApavAM pAyAM te eka prazna ubhA thAya che. pu. 1 mAM naMda khAnuM vRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, tenuM maraNu jyAre nIpajyuM tyAre, kAne gAdI ApavI te prazna ubhA thayA hatA. chevaTe TharAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ke kSatriyANI peTe janmela kuMvarane magadhapati tarIke jAhera karavA. te ja pramANe naMda 8mAnuM maraNu thatAM ane te paNu aputra hAvAthI tene te ja prazna pAchA upasthita thatAM TharAvAyuM hatuM ke, rAjyanI hAthiNI jenA zIraupara pANInA kaLaza DhALe tene gAdI suprata karavI. te samaye naMdakSIjAnA kANIjAyA putranA lagnanAravaradhADA tyAMthI nIkaLatA hatA eTale te vararAjAne eka prakAranA rAjA tathA rAjacinha che ane tenuM kAraNa zUdrANInAM lagna karyAnuM jaNAve che tenA maraNa bAdanA che, matalaba ke te bAda paNa vaNatara lagnanI chUTa hatI. eTale mAtra vaNatara lagnathI ja kALAzeka nAma devAyuM hatuM te phalita thatuM nathI. te upanAma ja tenuM nahAvuM ema A uparathI sAkhita thAya che. . judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNA

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54 ] judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNe [ aSTama khaMDa jevAM chatrayukta rAjyanI hAthaNIe tenA zIre tarIke rAja karatI hatI tyAre rAjyanI lagAma kheMcavI kaLaza DhoLI kalanI mALA paherAvI hatI. pariNAme lIdhI hatI ane amuka varSaparyata pote ja gAdIpati tene magadhapati navamA naMda tarIke jAhera karavAmAM banI beThe hato. eTale siddha thAya che ke, kumAra Avyo hato. ATalI hakIkata ApaNane prApta thaI zrImukha ane kumAra kRSNa, te baMne naMda bIjAnA zadvANI cUkI che. have tapAsIe ke temAMthI atra sparzatI koI peTe janmela putra hovA joIe. A baMne bhAIo hakIkatano ullekha maLe che ke kema ? rAjakumAra hovA chatAM, kevaLa zukrANu peTe janmela 'jayAre kSatriyANa putrone gAdIe besADavAnuM TharAvAyuM hovAthI temane rAjyAdhikAra na soMpAyo eTale apache tyAre svayaMsiddha thAya che ke koI anya kumArane mAnita thayAM jevuM lAge te samajI zakAya tema che. hakka vadhAre majabUta hovo joIe; paraMtu koIka ane pachI te, pitAthI nAnAbhAIne magadhapati nImakAraNasara tenI gyatA rAjyaniyama pramANe amAnya vAmAM AvatAM, tenI AjJAmAM rahevuM te potAnA darajajAne thatI hovI joIe. tema bIjI bAju ema kahevAyuM halakuM lAgatAM teo magadhane tyAga karI anyatra cAlI che ke (uparanA pAne jIo) rAja naMdabIjAe javAne nirNaya kare te paNa svAbhAvika che. AvA gAdIe AvatAM prathamanA pAMca cha varSamAM ja eka saMjogomAM teo mUkAyAthI, naisargika che ke teo potAne zaddha jAtinI kanyA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM ane te je sthAnethI Azraya maLI rahe tema dhAratA hoya te rANInA peTe zrImukhano janma thayo hato. A be bAju javAne ja vicAra kare. sAmAnya niyama e che hakIkatane sAthe joDatAM evo sAra kADhI zakAya che ke, ke, pitAnA pitRpakSathI taracheDAyelo kAI paNa purUSa, kumAra zrImukhanI umara, rAjA naMdabIjAnA kSatriyANI AvA samaye potAnA mAtRpakSa tarapha ja najara nAMkhe temaja zadrANI peTe janmela sarva saMtAnamAM, sauthI moTI che. eTale kumAra zrImukha ane kRSNa pitAnI mAtAnA hovI joIe ane tethI gAdIpati tarIkeno teno haka mahiyara tarapha prayANa karI gayA hoya ema samajI levuM sarvoparI hevo joIe. paraMtu tene janma zadvANuMnA rahe che. temanI mAtAnA mahiyaranuM sthAna kai dizAe peTa thayela hovAthI, rAjyanA pracalita dhoraNAnusAra AvyuM hatuM te haju ApaNe zodhI kADhavuM rahe che. tene adhikAra sAMpavAnuM ayogya lAgatAM. rAjakarma- kumAra zrImukha rAjA banyA pachI tenI rAjakIya cAriomAM te prazna vicAraNIya thaI paDayo hato ane kArakIrdinuM sthAna dakSiNa hiMdamAM ja banava tenAthI nAnA paraMta kSatriyANa peTe utpanna thayela hoya ema itihAsa upara dRSTipAta phekatA tarata kumArane gAdI soMpAI hatI. A pramANe eka vastu ja dekhAI Ave che. eTale prathama dRSTie jaNAI sthiti thaI. bIjI sthiti ema che ke, rAjA naMda Ave che ke, magadhanI bhUmine tyAga karIne te dakSiNa bIjAnuM rAjya aThThAvIsa varSa cAlyuM che ane gAdIe hiMda tarapha ja vaLyo hovo joIe. vaLI hAthIguphAne besatAM prathamanA pAMca cha varSamAM ja teNe zraddhANI sAthe lekha jAhera kare che ke, teNe rAjA khAravelanA kaliMga lagna karyuM che tathA kuMvara zrImukhano janma thayo che. deza tarapha humalo karyo hato paraMtu tenA hAthe zikasta eTale rAjA naMda bIjAnA maraNa samaye ma. sa. 99= khAvI paDI hatI ane haThI jaIne TheTha nAsika pAsenA I. sa. pU. 429mAM zrImukhanI uMmara lagabhaga 25thI DuMgarALa pradezamAM Azraya levo paDyo hato. tema vaLI 27 varSanI hovI joIe ema phalita thAya che. vaLI jANavAmAM AvyuM che ke AMdhrapati rAjA zrImukhanA itihAsanA pramANuthI AgaLa upara kahevAmAM Avaze anajonI rAjagAdI mukhya aMze godAvarI nadInA mULa ke kumAra zrImukhane eka bIjo bhAI kRSNa nAme hato, pAsenA pradezamAM hatI. A sarva hakIkatathI e ja sAra jeNe zrImukhanAputra gautamIputrayajJazrInI vidhavA rANI upara AvavuM rahe che ke, rAjA zrImukhanI mAtAnuM nAganikA pAsethI, jyAre bALaputra taraphathI rIjeTa mahiyara dakSiNa hiMdanA keIka pradezamAM ja AvI rahyuM

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dvitIya pariccheda ] hAvuM joI e. ATaluM nakkI thayuM. have AgaLa vadhIe. rAjA zrImukhanI mAne itihAsakArAe karavara jAtinI TharAvI che. (jue uparamAM pU. 47 tathA tene lagatI TIkA naM. panuM lakhANa) tenA artha ema esAravAmAM AvyA che ke, kAMtA te dakSiNa hiMdanA-DekkanamAM--AvelA judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNA kAravAra jIllAnI vatanI hAvI joIe athavA tevA nAmanI krAI jAtivizeSa ja hAvI joIe ke je potAnA peTagujArA paMkhIe pakaDI28 tenA vijya upara ke bhakSaNa karI calAvatI haze. tema vaLI A pradezamAMthI rAjAnaMdanA nAma sAthe, kema jANe kAMIka saMbaMdha-rAjakIya ke kauTuMbika-dharAvatA na hoya tevAM nAmayukta rAjAonAM-jemake cuTukAnaMda, mULAnaMda i.nA sikkAo maLI AvyA che eTaluM ja nahIM, parantu te sikkAnAM bAhya brATa, te uparanAM cinhA,29 tenI ibArata Adi, dhaNe aMze A zrImukhavaMzI rAjAeAnA sikkAne maLatAM Ave che. A sarve paristhiti uparathI evA cItAra AvI jAya che ke, te rAjA paNa rAjA zrImukhanI sAthe sagapaNa saMbaMdha dharAvatA heAvA joIe ane temanuM mULa vatana temanA sikkA jyAMthI maLI Ave che tevA kAnArA jIllAnA pradezamAM ja AvyuM hovuM joie. eTale ApaNe je evA anumAna acavA nizcaya upara AvIe ke, zrImukhanI mAtA kAnArA jIllAnI-kAravAra zaheranI athavA AsapAsanA pradezanI--vatanI hatI tathA cuTukAnaMda mULAnaMda vagere te ja jAtivizeSanA sabhyA hatA, teA satya sthitithI vegaLA jatA rahyA chIe ema gaNAze nahi. have sarva khinA spaSTa rIte puravAra thaI gaI kahevAze ke rAjA zrImukhanA mAtApitA kANu hatA ? tenI mAtAne zUdrANI zA mATe kahevAmAM Ave che? tenuM mahiyara kayAM hatuM? tene zA mATe magadha cheDIne (28) nIcenI TIkA 29 jIe. (29) jIe pu. ramAM sikkA AkRti na. 49, 50, 51, para; ane temane AkRti naM. 53, 54thI AgaLanA sikkA sAthe sarakhAve. A sarvemAM tIrakAmaThAnI nizAnI che. tIrakAmaThuM te [ 55 paradeza nIkaLavuM paDayuM hatuM ? tathA zA mATe teNe dakSiNa hiMdamAM ja vasavATa karyAM hatA ? temaja cuTukAnaMda vagerenA saMbaMdha zrImukha sAthe kuvA haiAvA joIe ? ATaluM zodhI kADhayA pachI, je keTalAka prazno vidyAtene muMjhavI rahyA che tenI tapAsa paNa hAtha dharavAnuM mana thai jAya che. rAjA zrImukha ane zatavahunavaMzI anya rAjAenA rAjyavahIvaTa, gAdAvarI ane kRSNA nadInAM mULa je pradezamAM Avela che evA nAsika, jIntera-kanherI nAnAbrATa Adi sthaLa vistAramAM Avela hatA, tyAMthI temanA aneka zilAlekhA ane sikkAo maLI AvyA che. zilAlekhamAM-nAsika naM. 2 tarIke jete vidvAnA oLakhAvI rahyA che-zrImukhanI janmajAti upara prakAza paDe tevA akSarA kAtarAyelA che. temAMnA e zabda prayAga upara vidvAnanuM khAsa dhyAna kheMcAyuM che. prathama (1) "eka amahanasa" che ane (2) khIje "khatiyadmapamAnamadana" che. A bAbatanI hamaNAM chellI tAjetaramAM ja kalakattAthI pragaTa thatA, 'inDiyanakalcara' nAme trimAsikanA 1938 nA pu. 5. AMka naM. 1 julAInA patramAM pR. 16 thI 23 sudhI je. sI. dheAza nAmanA vidvAne samIkSA karI batAvI che. tenA sAra temanA ja akSarAmAM prathama kahI daie; ane te bAda temanA vicArAnI saMgatatA ke asaMgatatA, ApaNe puravAra karelI tapAsanA pariNAma sAthe sarakhAvIzuM, mi. je. sI. dhAze dArelI samIkSAnA AraMbhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "Scholars not at one about the caste of the Satavahanas. Prof. H. C. Ray Chaudhari thinks they are Brahamans. While Prof. D. R. Bhandarkar has are zikArI-pAradhinA vananI sthiti sUcave che. jIA uparanI TIkA naM. 28. AgaLa upara A pariccheda TAMkela ke hi. iM. pR. 30nA lakhANa sAthe sarakhAve.

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56 ] judI gAdI ane vazasthApavAnAM kAraNeA [ aSTama aDa taken pains to prove that they karI nAMkhI hatI tema; sAme pakSa ema kahe che ke te are non-Brahamans. Both the scholars pramANe sarvathA hAtuM nathI; ema teA rAnta mahAnaMdanI have mainly relied on the same evi-zUdrANI peTe janmela mahApadma 32 paNa zudra hevA dence, though interpreting differently chatAM pRthvIne nakSatriya khanAvI dIdhI hatI.33 eTale to arrive at their respective conclusions srAhmaNa ja kSatriyanA vinAza ke nAza kare evA nirdhAra =zatavahanAnI jAti (nA prazna) vize vidvAneA ekamata na karI zakAya. jethI 'ekabrahmanA' artha bhrAhmaNu na yatA nathI. pre. eca. sI. rAyacaiAdharI temane karatAM, unique votary of Subramanya= brAhmaNA dhAre che, jyAre prA. DI. Ara. bhAMDArakare suSumanyA ananya bhakta haiAya te ane suthAmaNya amapUrvaka sAbita karyuM che ke teo abhrAhmaNu hatA. eTale warrior god Kartikeya=kAtikraya deva baMne vidvAnAe mukhya tathA eka ja (tene te ja) purAvA sarIkhA je heAya tevA purUSaH evA arthamAM te zabda upara AdhAra rAkhyA che; jo ke peAtAnA anumAna vaparAyela che. peAtAnA kathananA samarthanamAM jaNAve che dvAravAne temaNe (te zabdone) artha judA ja30 ke, manusaMhitAmAM jene 'kSata' kahIne uddezyA che. esA) che. " (Kshatru of Manu is a mixed lowcaste, born of Sudra father and a Kshatriya-mother=manunA kSata, te zatru pitA ane kSatriya mAtAthI zatpanna thayela jAti che te vartamAnakALanA pratiya (khatarI) jevA che ane A jAti TheTha alekajhAMDara dhI greITanA vakhatathI cAlI AvyAnuM dekhAya che, tevI ja rIte brahmarSi ane rAjiSa zabdo paNa vaparAyA che. temAM RSi eTale khAsa brAhmaNu jAtivizeSa ema che ja nahIM. tyAre eka pakSa vaLI kahe che ke, temanA mAtAnAM nAma che. jevAM ke gautamIgAtra, vasiSTagautranAM che, te sarva brAhmaNa DhAvAnuM siddha thAya che. te AkhAye lekhamAM utaravAnI AvazyakatA nathI, parantu temAMnI keTalIka dalIlA evI che ke saMzAdhakanI apekSAe temAMthI ghaNI ja vigato jANavA jevI che tathA saMzodhana kArya kevA prakAranuM che tenA sArA jevA khyAla paNa te uparathI baMdhAi zake che. eTale tevI lIlA TUMkamAM rajI karIzuM.-brAhmaNa che ema puravAra karanAra pakSanI dalIla che ke "bamahanasa" ane 'tiya dRzyamAnamardana" (kSatriyanA harSI kahetAM madanuM mardana, kahetAM nAza karanAra) A zabda brAhmaNa je hAya tene ja lAgu pADhI zakAya, jema parazurAme nakSatriya pRthvI (30) AvAja mata ja, e. bre. rA. e. e (navI AvRtti pu. 3 nA lekhakane che, (jIe te lekhamAM pR. 52) (31) je keTalAka vidvAneA evA matanA dekhAya che ke, ekaja purAvA hAca te tenA a` jhudA judA heAi na rAke temaNe A hakIkata lakSamAM levA yAgya che; ekaja purAvA chatAM bhinna mata badhAyAnA eka nahIM paNa aneka raSTAMtA maLI zake che. (jemake pu. 1mAM avaMtipatinI vaMzAvaLI TharAvatAM pariziSThapakAranI traNa gAthAo; haeNmacadrasUrinA zabdo uparathI temane jaina ke ajjaina TharAvatA vidvAneAnA matA; khatiyadRpamAnamana rAkhtanA artha mATe nIce TI. na. 40 nuM lakhANa I. 4.) (32) jIe pu. 1 naMdanavamAnuM vRttAMta: ahIM phera eTale ja che ke, ApaNe jene mahApadma hyo che. tene temaNe mahAnaMda lakhyA che ane jene ApaNe mahAna da lakhyA che tene temaNe mahApadma gaNAvyA che. nAma ulaTA sulaTI thayA che. khAkI hakIkata saCthA ekaja che. nAmanI mArAmArImAM bahu na utaratAM temane naMdRbIjA ane na navame evA saMkheAdhanathI ja eLakhIe eTale badhuM barAbara samajI levAze. naMdekhIjAnI zUdrANI peTa naMdanavamA janma thayA hatA ane teNe ja kSatrIyAnI katala karI nAMkhI hatI eTaluM jaNAvavAne Azaya che. r (33) nue viSNupurANa 4; 24. (34) A mAnyatA keTale darajjo khATI che te AgaLa upara sikrAcitrAnA AdhAre puravAra thaI zake che ( juo rAjA zrImukhanA varNane tenA kuTuMbane lagatI hakIkatavALA pArigrApha )

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tRtIya paricheda ] judI gAdI ane vaza sthApavAnAM kAraNe [ 57 tyAre sAmo pakSa kahe che ke, ema te IkvAkuvaMzIomAM (Naga-girls)also=rANI nAganikA 8(nAgakanyA paNa kSatriyo ane brAhmaNa che;35 evuM jaNAvI che) nuM nAma svayaM sAkSI pUre che ke, teo nAgakanyAo sAmo prazna uThAve che ke, if they were Braha- sAthe lagna karatA hatA. vaLI bIjAM dRSTAMta paNa nIce mans, why did they not mention their pramANe Ape che; jema rAkSasa brAhmaNe hoya che patronymic=jo teo brAhmaNa ja hatA te teo (mArkaDeya purANamAM) tema gujarAtamAM nAgara brAhmaNonI pitAnA pitRpakSanA gotrano uccAra kema nathI karatA ? utpatti paNa tevI ja kahevAya che; descendants tyAre prathama pakSa vaLI uttara vALe che ke, Saliva- of Brahmins by Naga-girls=nAgakanyA han (Sesh, the king of serpants begot sAthe brAhmaNanA lagna thavAthI utpanna thayelAM pharajaMde; Salivahan on a Brahman girl=brAhmaNa (na-gara=poisonless) ane Now if these kanyA sAthe zeSa nAmanA sapanA rAjAe saMbhoga Nagar-brahmins, who were the offkaryAthI je putra utpanna thayo te) zAlivAhana ja kahe- springs of a Naga and a Brahmin-girl, vAya che ane he must go by his mother's could be Brahmans, there could be caste of BrahmanetethI tenI oLakha tenI no objection to the Satavahans being mAtAnI brAhmaNajAtivALI ja hovI joIe. A Brahmans with similar legendary pramANe mAtRpakSIya gotranA joDANano itihAsa Ape origin=je tethI nAgapitA ane brAhmaNa kanyAnA 39 che jyAre mAtRpakSanA gotra joDavAnuM kharuM kAraNa te karade evA nAgarabrAhmaNane brAhmaNa kahI zakAya te samaye eka rAjA aneka gotranI rANIo para che, to te ja pramANe jenI utpattirUpa daMtakathA che, evA hato ane tethI aneka rANIo peTe thatAM saMtAnonI zAtavAhanone brAhmaNo kahevAmAM vAMdho zuM hoI zake? oLakha mATe temanI mAtAnA gotrono ullekha karAte A pramANe mi. ghoze pitAnA taraphathI uparanA baMne hato3) ema kahI samarthanarUpe daSTAMta Ape che ke, vidvAnonAM maMtavya upara savaLI avaLI dalIla ApIne The name of the queen Naganika za Gosolymi oreloj 3,80 "To sum up (Naga girl) shows that they married Prof. Bhandarker has failed to addu (35) majakura pustaka ane nibaMdha pR. 22-In fact (37) juo pu. 2 pR. 13 TIkA naM. 47 it is not true that all the descendants of (38) nAganikAnA nAmathI ja nAgakanyA kahevA mAgatA Ukshavaku were Kshatriyas. There were hoya to te, agnimitre je mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM Brahmans also among themekharI rIte jotAM ane je nAganikAnA pitApakSanI ja kanyA hovA saMbhavita satya nathI ke IkvAkuvaMzI sarva kSatriyo che. temAM te che (juo uparamAM pR. 52 ) tene paNa nAgakanyA kahevI brAhmaNo paNa che. rahe che. temaja maheMdra, sureza, kumAra ItyAdinAM nAma vALAone 36) zAlivAhana nAmano rAjA te A vaMzanI paNa IMdrAdi devatA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA kahevA paDaze. utpatti thayA bAda lagabhaga sADAcArase varase thayo che ane (39) ahIM ApaNe nAgarabrAhmaNanI utpatti kema thaI te nAma te mAtra eka ja vyaktine lAgu paDe che (juo tenI carcAmAM utaravA nathI mAMgatA. paraMtu uparanA vAkayamAM 5ramAM pR. 16 ) to tene A vaMzanI utpattinI daMtakathA brAhmaNapitA ane nAgakanyAthI temanI utpatti jaNAvI che sAthe zI rIte joDI zakAya? jyAre A vAkayamAM nAgapitA ane brAhmaNukanyAmAMthI tema A daMtakathA jenI sAthe joDAyalI che te to vaLI temanI utpatti kahe che ema heraphera thatI hakIkata upara ja zAlivAhana rAjAnIye pAchaLa thayo che tene zAlivAhana dhyAna kheMcIe chIe. sAthe saMbaMdha 5NuM kayAM che? (juo tenuM vRttAMta AgaLa upara). (40) majakura pustaka pR. 23.

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58 ] judI gAdI ane vaMzasthApavAnAM kAraNe [ aSTama khaMDa ce a single piece of evidence which (2) khatiya-dapamAnamadana=kSatriyonA madane nAza goes against the possibility of the karanAra; artha to temaNe je karyo che te ja ApaNe Satavahanas being Brahman; on the karIe chIe; chatAM kSatriyanA madane toDanAra, brAhmaNa other hand their Brahamanic metro- ja hovo joIe ema nathI. paraMtu kSatriyANInA nymics go positively to show that peTe janmela kuMvaro, je magadhapati nImAyA hatA tathA naMda they were Brahmans. Their legendary bIjAthI naMda AThamA sudhI jeo oLakhAya che, temanAM origin also points to this. Possibly gAdIe AvavAthI prajA tathA amaladAromAMnA kSatrio, they were Brahmans. Possibly they bahu bejavAbadAra vartana batAvI rahyA hatA. eTale were Naga-Brahamins without gotra. navamo naMda je zANI jAyo hato jene ApaNe The Ikshavaku kings of South India mahAnaMda kahyo che ane purANomAM mahApadya kahyo che, teNe were the Brahaman descendants of magadhasAmrAjyanI lagAma hAtha letAM ja uparokta IkshavakusArarUpe jaNAvavAnuM ke, zAtavAhane kSatriyanuM kuLa-gumAna toDI nAMkhavAne kamara kasI hatI brAhmaNo hatA. tenI zakyatAnI virUddha janAro eka (juo pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta). teNe kSatriyonuM nikaMdana paNa purAvo raju karavAne prophe. bhAMDArakara niSphaLa thayA kaDhI nAMkhyuM hatuM, je kRtyane aMge navamAnaMdane khatiyache. ulaTA temaNe joDelA mAtRpakSIya brAhmaNagAtrAthI te dapamAnamadana nAmanuM vizeSaNa joDAyuM che. teo sAhmaNa hatA ema vizeSa saMbhavita thatuM jAya che. (3) analama-pratiloma lagna vize ApaNe kAMIja daMtakathA pramANenI temanI utpati paNa A vAtanI sAkSI kahevApaNuM nathI. ane prakAranAM lagna jema atyAre pUre che. ghaNuM karIne teo gAtra vinAnA nAga-brAhmaNe ja thAya che tema te samaye paNa thatAM ja hatAM. koI kALe hatA. dakSiNa hiMdanA IkvAkuvaMzI rAjAo IkvAkuvaMzI ekanuM pramANa, bIjA samaya karatAM vizeSa ke ochuM rahe brAhmaNonI olAda ja che." ame te ahIM majakura che eTaluM ganImata samajavuM. be vidvAnonI mAnyatA ane te upara trIjA vidvAna (4) zatavahana ane zAlivAhana zabdanI utpatti lekhake dalIlo ApIne samIkSA calAvI che tene TUMka vize ApaNI mAnyatA je che, te uparanA paricchedamAM sAra ja raju karyo che. temAMthI koNa sAcuM ke khoTuM te te zabdanI nIce vaNavI batAvI che. tene nirNaya ApavAnuM kAma amAruM nathI; te te vAMcaka (5) pitRgAtrone sthAne mAtRpakSanA gotro varga kahI zakaze. amAre batAvavAnuM che te eTaluM ja ke, pite zA mATe joDatAM, tenuM spaSTikaraNa paNa ApaNe je dalIlone temaNe pratyeke Azraya lIdho che te keTale batAvI gayA chIe. vidvAnee daMtakathAnA AdhAre daraje vAstavika kahI zakAya tema che. tene vivAda pitAne manaphAvatI dalIla upADIne purANanA akSaronA A pramANe samo: artha besAravA prayatna sevyo che. jyAre ApaNe zilA(1) eka bahamanasa=eka brAhmaNa tarIke artha lekha ane sikkAlekhanA AdhAronAM paNa samarthana grahaNa karyo che tema nahi; paNa je brahmacarya pALe te lIdhAM che. sarvanuM tela karIne vAMcakee pitapatAne baMbhaNa kahevAya che. jIo pu. 2, pR. 249 uparanI sama- nirNaya karI levA rahe che. jatI tathA samrATa priyadarzinanA zilAlekhomAM paNa have chevaTamAM purANamAMnA eka be vAkayonI AvA ja arthamAM te zabda vaparAyo che. te ApaNe samajutI ApI, AMdhraprajAnI jAti-utpattirUpa A priyadarzinanA jIvana vRttAMtanuM pustaka lakhavAnA chIe viSaya baMdha karIzuM (1) vAyu, matsya ane viSNu temAM batAvavAmAM Avaze. purANomAM temane (zatavAhanane) AMdhajAtiyA= of (41) pa. 4-7 jue.

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CMW tRtIya pariccheda ] AMdhrabhune itihAsa the same caste as the Andhrass) ja tenI vaparAza thayelI jaNAya che eTale kalpanA AMdhanI jAtinA ja kahIne saMbodhyA che; eTale ke thAya che ke, te bannene (AMdhratyA ane purANene) AMdhajAti paNa judI ane zatavahana paNa judA. kAMIka saMbaMdha hovo joIe. purANonI athavA te (2) The Bhagvat calls them Vrashal arvAcIna vaidikagraMthonI racanA I. sa.nA trIjA thA or Sudra bhAgavatamAM temane vRSala athavA zadra saikAmAM thayAnuM sAmAnya rIte manAya che. paraMtu te tarIke saMbodhela che ane viSNu purANamAM balipucaka pUrve paNa tenA AdhAra ane kIrtine ujavaLIta kara(zrImukhane) kahevAmAM Avyo che.44 A vRSala zabda nArA aneka maharSio ane AcAryo thaI gayA che 5. cANakaye kharI rIte kevA bhAvArthamAM vAparyo hato jemAMnA eka pataMjalI mahAbhASyakAra vizvavikhyAta te ApaNe maurya caMdraguptanA jIvana vRttAMta lakhatAM manAya che. temanA samaya mATe vidvAnanAM maMtavyamAM kahI gayA chIe. (juo pu. 2. pR. 140 tathA 171) bhinna mata che paNa ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe temaja balipuchaka paNa lagabhaga tevAja bhAvArthamAM (juo pu. 3mAM zuMgavaMzanI hakIkata) ke vaparAto dekhAya che. zodhanakAryamAM maMDI rahenArane astitva I. sa. pUrvanI bIjI zatAbdImAM mUkI zakAya ATalI mAhitI kadAca upayogI thAya evA AzayathI che. A pataMjalI mahAtmAe vaidikamatAnuyAyI ane jaNAvI dIdhI che. - tenA pracAraka tarIke jabaradasta nAmanA meLavela uparamAM mR. 1thI AgaLa, AMdhrabhAtyA zabdano kahevAya che. te hakIkata atra ApaNe siddha karI batAartha samajAvavAmAM Avyo che ke jema keTalAka vavAnI che, te uparathI ema paNa batAvI zakAze ke vidvAno tenA banne zabdone temaNe te samayanI dhArmika krAMtimAM jema anupama phALe AMdhrabhUtyone chUTA pADI, bahabrihisamAsanA purAvyo che tema rAjakIya krAMtimAM paNa nAne sUno si rUpamAM artha besAravAnA matavaDaLa bhAga bhajavyo nathI. eTale temanI keTinA anya bhAga bhajaLyA nathI. eTale temanA koTinA thayA che, te pramANe yathArtha nathI mahApurUSo sAthe tulanA karavAnuM banI zake te hetuthI parantu tatvArthasamAsarUpe te heI apratyA temanA jIvananI kAMIka jhAMkhI karAvavI upayogI eTale AMdravaMzI rAjAo pote ja anya bhUpationA thaI paDaze. khayiA hatA e bhAvArthamAM te zabdano upayoga karIne temano janma dakSiNahiMdamAM godAvarI ane kRSNa Avyo che. A vyAkhyA pramANe A vaMzamAM kyA nadInA mULa pAsenA pradezamAM thayo hovAthI temane kyA rAjAo AMdhrabhutyA tarIke oLakhAvAyA che te dakSiNa hiMdavAsI kahI zakAze. pite uMmare pahoMcI, hakIkatamAM utaravA pahelAM, A zabdane lagate anya kAMIka prabhAva pADavA jevI zakti dharAvatA thayA te ItihAsa jANI levAnI jarUra che. vakhate dakSiNahiMda upara, AMdhavaMzI sAtamA rAjAnuM eTaluM te cakkasa jaNAyuM che ke kaI prAcIna ne uttarahiMdamAM eTale ati upara mauryavaMzI sArvabhauma itihAsakAroe temaja jena ke bauddhagraMthomAM A samrATa mahArAjA priyadarzinanuM rAjya cAlI rahyuM hatuM zabdano prayoga karyAnuM najare paDatuM nathI. kevaLa purANamAM teNe AMdhruvaMzI sAtamAM rAjA zatakaraNine kaligabhUmi (42) majakura pustaka pR. 23mAM A zabda che jayAre karela vAkaya; uparAMta bhAgavata skaMdha 12, adhyAya 1, ApaNe Ane artha bIjI rIte karI batAvyA che (juo loka 20 paramAM 5. 48). () viSNupurANa, ce aMza, 24 adhyAya, (43) bhA. prA. rAjavaMza 5. 2, 5, 156 tathA juo 44 hekauparamAM 5, 40mAM ke. A. ke. nA pU. 64mAMthI avataraNa (45) juo 5, 40 upara ApelI vaMzAvaLI,

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60 ] * AMdhrabhune itihAsa * [ aSTama khaMDa upara mahAna yuddhamAM46 jabarI zakasta khavarAvI hatI ne bhatyapaNAnI rAjyaprathAne nAza pataMjalI mahApariNAme pitAne khaMDiyo banAvyo hate. A viSaya bhASyakAranA samayathI athavA kaho ke temanA vidyaApaNe majakura AMdhrapatinuM varNana karatAM vistArathI mAnapaNAne abhAva thayA bAda thayo che eTaluM jyAre samajAvavo paDaze. jethI atra teno ullekha kare ja siddha thayuM tyAre prazna e thAya che ke, te pUrve tenuM basa gaNAze. A samaye rAjyabaMdhAraNa evA prakAranuM astitva hatuM ke kema? ane hatuM ke, je sAtame cAlI rahyuM hatuM ke, mAMDaLika rAjA bhale eka rIte, AMdhrapati zAtakaraNi pataMjalI bhagavAnane samakAlIna Ama jotAM tAbedAra jevI sthitimAM dekhAto. chatAM hatA te pita, temaja tenI pUrvanA chae AMdhrapatie. potAnA dezapara te tadana svataMtra vahIvaTa karI zakato rAjakIya darajaje svataMtra hatA ke keIna mAMDaLikapaNe ane jarUra paDaye amaka paddhatie tene potAnA svAmI hatA ane hatA te keTalA samaya mATe? I. I. te gaNAtA samrATanA kAryamAM sahakAra ApavAnuM zuM ApaNe jANI levuM joIe. pheDavuM paDatuM. AvI rAjyapaddhatimAM mAMDaLika rAjAnI A vaMzano Adi purUSa rAjA zrImukha hato paristhitine pataMjalI bhagavAne mUH tarIke gaNAvI temaja te magadhapati naMdabIjAno zANI peTe janmela dekhAya che. eTale je rAjA bIjA sArvabhaumane mAMDa- patra thatA hatA. te pramANe meTa hovA chatAM tene magadha Lika hoya tene oLakhAvavAne pataMjalI mahAzaye ne ALakhAvavAne patalA mahAzaya nRtya pati thavAno haka jhUMTavI levAyo hato. te sthitithI zabdano upayoga karyo dekhAya che. pite vaidikamatanA ApaNe have mAhitagAra thayA chIe. tyArapachI hovAthI kevaLa purANomAM ja "AMdhrabhUtya ane guMga- teNe zuM pagalAM lIdhAM te ApaNe tapAsIe. zilAmRtyazabdo najare paDe che. uparAMta je prakAranI lekhI purAvAthI jaNAyuM che ke, tene eka nAne rAjakIya krAMti temaNe upADI hatI, tene pariNAme bhAI kaNa nAme hate. dekhItuM ja che ke, jema atyAra sudhI cAlI AvatI paddhatimAM jabaradasta palaTe zrImukhane haka uce mUkavAmAM AvyA hatA tema kRSNanA thaI javA pAmyo hata; eTale je svataMtratA koIpaNa hakano paNa te ja pheja thavAne nirmAyale hatA. eTale mAMDaLika rAja svadeze bhegavI rahyo hato te naSTa thaI bane bhAIone svapitAnA mulakamAMthI rUsaNuM laIne gaI hatI ane tenA kapALe kevaLa tAbedArInuM ja karajayAtapaNe nIkaLI javuM paDayuM hatuM ane te sthitimAM laMchana dareka prakAre cuMTatuM thayuM hatuM. athavA tema nahIM pitAnA mosALa tarapha-muMbaI IlAkAnA kAnaDA jIllA te tene tyAga karI rAjakIya kSetramAMthI sadAne mATe taraka-javAno mArga temane hitakara mAlUma paDayo hato khasI javuM paDatuM hatuM. matalaba ke pataMjalI mahI- (je bInAnuM varNana uparamAM AvI gayuM che). magadhanI zayana javA sAthe bha tya" nAmanI paddhatine paNa lepa hada choDIne kaye mArge tyAM javuM sulabha ane sutara karI nAMkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. 'bhUtya' zabdano prayoga thaI paDe. te ja prazna temane vicAravAno hato. kaliga koNe karyo, zAmATe karyo ane keTalA kALa sudhI te raste thaIne utare te tyAM khAravela urphe bhikhurAjanuM vaparAzamAM rahevA pAmyo tathA amuka pustakAmAM ja rAjya khUba joramAM tepI rahyuM hatuM. eTale potAnA mAtra zA mATe tenuM darzana thayA kare che te sarva hakIkta jevA haDadhUta thayelA ane lagabhaga nirAdhAra jevA ATalA vivecanathI have spaSTa samajavAmAM AvI thaI paDelAne, koI sabaLa rAjavInA pIThabaLa vinA gaI haze. anya bhUpatino mulaka vIMdhIne pasAra thavuM, te leDhAnA (46) juo samrATa priyadarzinane khaDaka lekha naM. ullekha. temAM jaNAvyuM che ke, dakSiNApathanA svAmIne potAnA 13; temAM kaliMgadeza uparanI tenI chatanuM varNana karavAmAM bAhubaLe be vakhata jItI laI, najIkanA sagapaNanI gAMThathI AvyuM che; tathA sarakhA sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAne tene joDayA hatA tathA te kAraNathI jIvate choDI mUkayo hate.

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tRtIya pariccheda ] caNA cAvavA jevuM hatuM. eTale magadhanI hadanI pazcima dizAethI (ke lagabhaga jyAM AgaLa caMdraguptamArye pazu peAtAnI gAdInI sthApanA karI hatI) utarIne javAnuM yathAyAgya lAgyuM haze. temaja magadhanA rAjakarmacArIoe paNa tema karavAnI ja salAha ApI hAvI joie kemake, te mAjInA mulaka badhA peAtAnI mAlikInA ja hatA; temaja te banne bhAI e bhale zUdrANInA kumAro hatA paraMtu Akhare te| te - tAnA sagata rAjAnA putrA ja hatA temaja rAjapATa upara temane haka paheAMcatA ja hatA. je bhAvidhi temanI virUddha na paDI heAta tA . temanA ja abhiSeka gAdI upara thAta ane temanA ja caraNAmAM te sarvene peAtAnAM zIra jhUkAvavAM paData. eTale ke magadhapati tarIkeno rAjyahaka temanA nAbUda karI naMkhAyA haiAvA chatAM, rAjaputrAne zAthe tevA mAnamaratabAthI temane vidAya cavAnI sarve jogavAI karI ApI haze ema ApaNe svIkArI levuM joie ja; balke kahe ke, rAjakumAra tarIke magadhasAmrAjyanI hakumatamAMthI theADA ghaNA pradeza rAjabhAga nimitte kADhI ApyA paNa haze. eTale temaNe magadhanI hadanI lageAlaga Avela pradeza jene ApaNe vartamAnakALa, revAkuMdelakhaMDa rAjyanA saMsthAna ane madhyaprAMtanA mahAkeAzaLa tarIke oLakhI rahyA chIe, te bhUminI potAnA hissA mATe mAMgaNI karelI hAvI joie, balke temane te pradeza Apela hAvA joIe. A sthitimAM kumArazrImukhe svataMtra rIte potAnA vaMzanI sthApanA jo kAi rIte karI ja hAya, tA madhyaprAMtanA pUrva bhAgamAM karIne temAMnI krAIka anukULa jagyAne rAjanagara tarIke pasaMda kareluM hAvuM joie. (A viSayanI vicAraNA AgaLa upara ApaNe karavAnA chIe). khIjAM te, te khAjI tene kAMI karavA jevuM hatuM ja nahIM; kemake sarva zAMtamaya vAtAvaraNa hatuM. vaLI AMdhrabhRtyAnA itihAsa (47) rAjA zrImukhanI umara A vakhate lagabhaga 32nI AsapAsanI hatI ane rAnna khAravelanI mAtra 26nI ja hatI. ( hAthIguphAne lekha juo ) eTale enI vacce chathI ATha varSanA taphAvata hatA; vizeSa mATe [ 1 magadha taraphathI ja tene te bhUmineA kabajo maLyA hatA. eTale becAra mAsa jeTalA vakhatamAM sarva prakAranA ThIka ThIka baMdobasta karIne pAte vizeSa bhUmi jItavAnA ane rAjyanA vistAra vadhArI devAnA mArga grahaNa karavA tatpara banyA. svAbhAvika che ke prathama dRSTie tenI abhilASA, je bAjI rAjakIya sthiti kAMika DAmADALa jevI dekhAtI hAya te bAju ja paDe. ane te bAju atyAreM potAnI pUrva-dakSiNa hade Avela kaliMgarAjyavALI ja hatI; kemake turatamAM ja tyAM khAravela-bhikhkhurAja gAdIe AvyA hatA ane potAthI nAnI uMmaranA hAI 47 tyAM tene potAne jIta maLavAnA vadhAre suMdara saMyAgA dekhAtA hatA. eTale potAthI bane teTaluM vizeSa sainya ekaThuM karI, pUrva taraphanA mArga teNe lIdhA ane kaliMga upara caDAI lai gayA. jevI tenA AkramaNanI khabara khAravelanA kAne paDI ke teNe paNa kAMipaNa vilaMbha vinA tenA sAmane karavAne prayANa AdaryuM ane zAtakaraNinI kiMcita mAtra paNa paravA karyA vinA dhasArA lai jai, evuM te zaurya dAkhavyuM ke zrImukhane pAchuM huThI javuM paDayuM. khAravele paNa aMtima hada sudhI tene pIchA cheDayA nahIM. aMte rAjA zrImukha' jyAre pAdhyeA haThatA haThatA nAsika sudhI pahoMcyA ane saMghAdriparvatanI othe jatA rahyo; eTale khAravelane kAi upAya hAtha na rahevAthI pAchA pharyA ane nijhAmI rAjyavALA sarvAM bhAga kaliMgasAmrAjyamAM bheLavI daIne peAte svastha banyA. kahe che ke rAjA khAravela pAchA pharyAM tyAre teNe kAMIka rASamAM AvIne A muzkanA (nijhAmI rAjyanA) keTalAka bhAga khALI nAMkhyA hatA.48 A pramANe zrImukhanI rAjakIya sthiti thai javAthI eka rIte tene rAjA khAravelanA khaDiyA thai gayela kahevAya; kemake tenA ja hAthe thappaDa khAdhI che ane tenA ja hAthe pU. 54 jue. (48) A badhI paristhiti hAthIguphAnA lekhanI trIjI ceAthI paMktithI spaSTapaNe samajI zakAze (jIe pu. 4mAM tenuM jIvanacaritra).

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62 ] AMdhrabhune ItihAsa [ aSTama khaMDa parAjIta thayo che, paraMtu bIjI rIte tene khAravelane putra vikragrIva Avyo che. eTale 392 sudhI gautamImAMDalika na ja kahI zakAya kemake rAjA khAravele bhale putranI svataMtratA upara kaI rIte trApa paDI hoya ke tene pAcho haThAvI dIdho che ane tenA mulakano kabaje tene keIe chaMcheDavAno prayatna karyo hoya evuM dekhAtuM paNa meLavI lIdhuM che paraMtu jyAM sudhI banne jaNa nathI. tema sAmA uThIne teNe potAnA be paDozI sAmasAmAM AvIne eka bIjAne najare paNa paDayA rAjyomAMthI keI upara AkramaNa karyuM hoya evuM nathI tema kaI dUta ke saMdezavAhaka dvArA koI jAtanI paNa dekhAtuM nathI; joke prathamanuM rAjya je magadhanuM suleha ke saMdhI karavAno lezamAtra prayatna karyAnuM paNa hatuM te eka rIte to tenA kAkAnuM ja (mahAnaMda te naMdajaNAyuM nathI tyAM sudhI rAjA zrImukha parAjaya pAmyo bIjAne putra-tema gautamIputrane pitA zrImukha, te paNa hovA chatAM ane keTalAka mulaka gumAvI beTho havA mahAnaMdane ja eTale naMdabIjAno ja putra hata-bhale chatAM taddana svataMtra rahevA pAmyo che eTaluM to kahevuM bane judI judI kANInA peTe janmyA hatA paraMtu paDaze ja. eTale tenA sikkAmAM potAne je viliyarasa oramAna bhAIo to kharA ja ne! te gaNatrIe vIravalaya dhAraNa karanAra49 tarIke oLakhAvyo che kAkA lekhAya ja) hatuM. joke rAjyakAraNamAM eka bIjAthI te eka rIte tene svataMtra khavAsa batAve che. A chUTA paDyA bAda AvA kauTuMbika saMbaMdha tarapha bahu sthiti teNe potAnA mRtyasudhI TakAvI rAkhI dekhAya che. lakSa rakhAtuM nathI ja, chatAM e paNa kabUla karavuM ja tenI gAdIe I. sa. pU. 414mAM tene putra gautamI- joIe ke gautamIputra yajJazrI e baLavAna rAjA putra yajJazrI (rANI nAganikAnA pati) Avyo che. tene nahatA ke keInI madada vinA magadha jevaDA mahAna rAjaamala I. sa. pU. 414 thI 384 sudhInA 30 pradezanA rAjavI sAme ekalA paDe svabaLa upara jhajhumI varSano gaNAya che. te vakhate be paDozI rAjyomAMnA zake. eTale teNe sAmo humalo laI javAno prayatna eka magadha upara naMdanavamAnuM rAjya (I. sa. pU. Adaryo nahoto. tema bIjI bAjunA kaliMgapati tarapha 415 thI 32 = 43 varSa) ane bIjA kaliMga paNa mITa mAMDI zake tema nahotuM. kemake eka te upara, cakravartikhAravelanuM rAjya (I. sa. pU 429 khAravela jyAre ugato hato tyAre ja, pitAnA pitA thI I. sa. pU. 393) sudhI tapI rahyuM hatuM. AmAMne , rAjA zrImukhane teNe je mahAna apamAnamAM nAMkhI magadhapati te, pitAnA rAjyamAM je khaLabhaLATa tenA devA jevI hAra khavarAvI hatI te tenA smaraNamAMthI purogAmI naMda thI 8 sudhInA rAjaamalamAM jAmI paDayo khasavA nahI pAmI hoya, tema bIjI tarapha te samaya hatA te dAbI devAmAM ane astavyasta sthitine zAMta bAda te rAjA khAravelanI jAhojalAlI ane prabhAva paNe goThavI sarva bAjI sudhArI levAmAM rokAyo hato. uttarottara dIna para dIna vadhatAM ja cAlyAM hatAM. jyAre eTale ceDA vakhata sudhI te tenA taraphathI pitA pote te je sthitimAM gAdIe Avyo hato tene upara humalo karavAmAM Ave e AMdhrapatine bhaya ja tevo ja lagabhaga rahevA pAmyo hate; eTale te benI nahe tema bIjI bAju khAravele potAnA rAjya vacce mukAbalo karavA jevuM ja nahotuM. A pramANe kALanA pUrvArdhanA paMdareka varSe rAjakAraNamAM paDI khUba tenI tathA tenA AsapAsanA be mahAna rAjAnI kIrti, dravya ane rAjyavistAra meLavI sanyasta dakSA paristhiti hatI. evuM I. sa. pU. 392mAM khAravelanuM gujAravAnuM mana upara lIdhuM hoya evuM tenA jIvana- maraNa nIpajyuM ne vakragrIvano amala zarU thayo ke vRttAMta uparathI tarI Ave che, ane pachI I. sa. pU. prathama te magadhapatie ja mAthuM ucakaryuM. rAjA vakahara-3mAM tenuM maraNa thavAthI tenI gAdIe teno grIvane bhale mahAna sAmrAjyane vArase tenA pitA (49) A pramANe artha thatahevAnuM ApaNe karAvyuM che. (juo pu.ramAM sikkAne 56,58nA varNane ApelI samAti),

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tRtIya pariccheda ] AMdhrabhAno itihAsa taraphathI maLe hatA, paraMtu pite vaibhavavilAsI tathA laI, tenA kAkAjI (gautamIputra yajJazrInA kAkA ane saMdaryane ja sodAgara hevAthI rAjakAjamAM jhaLakI uThe rAjAzrImukhanA nAnA bhAI)kRSNa pitAnI ANa pheravI tevo parAkramI nahoto eTale tenA rAjyanA dakSiNane vALI hatI. A vaMzanA je sikkA maLI AvyA che bhAga dhIme dhIme svataMtra thaI gayo hato. pariNAme tenuM (juo pu. 2 AkRti naM. 70 tathA TIkA naM. 146) rAjya nAnuM thavA lAgyuM hatuM. jethI mahAda magadhapatine te uparathI, temaja rANInA nikAvALA nAnAdhATane kaliMga patine je Dara rAkhavo paDato hato tenuM eka zilAlekhathI A sthiti kalpI zakAya che. jo ke teNe kAraNuM ochuM thaI gayuM hatuM. te dura thatAM ja, mahAnaMde kharA hakadAra hakka DUbAvI dIdho hato chatAM bIjI gautamIputra AMdhrapati upara caDhAI karI hoya ema koI jAtane, uparI rAjya ke prajA taraphane khaLasamajAya che. A laDAIne samaya ApaNe cokkasa karI bhaLATa thavA pAmyo nathI, eTale samajavuM rahe che ke nathI zakatA; paraMtu I. sa. pU. 390 thI 384 teNe magadhapatinA-mahAnaMdanuM tathA caMdraguptamairyanuM pas sudhInA cha varSanA gALAmAM te hovAnuM saMbhave che. jo temanA samayaparatvenuM-khaMDiyApaNAno svIkAra karI 384mAM ja Thare te te yuddhamAM gautamIputranuM maraNa lIdhe haze. eTale sAra e thayo ke, gautamIputra yajJazrI thayuM hatuM ema mAnI levuM raheze. paraMtu te pUrve amuka samaya sudhI svataMtra hato, paraMtu uttarAvasthAmAM laDAI thaI hoya to temAM gautamIputra parAjaya pAmyA thoDAMka varSo sudhI te mAMDaLika hatA; temaja rAjA kRSNa che ane mahAnaMdanuM mAMDalikapaNuM kabUlI lIdhuM che ema pitAnA AkhAye samaya paryata mAMDaLikapaNe ja hato ane svIkAravuM paDaze. je sikkAo ApaNane upalabdha thayA rANI nAganikA kahe ke tene sagIra putra kahe, te paNa che te ane tene ukela, je sAcAM hoya te bIjI mAtra daseka mahinAnI avadhisudhI mAMDalikapaNe rahyo hato. sthitimAM te mUkAyo hato ema kahevuM paDaze. tenA upara darzAvela rAjA kRSNanuM rAjya daseka varSa maraNa samaye tenA be putro haiyAta hatA.para meTAnI cAlyuM che. I. sa. pU. 383 thI 373 sudhI. tenI umara ATha varSanI ane nAnAnI cha varSanI hatI. A pachI pelI vidhavA rANInAganikAnA jyeSTha putranepramANe te banne putro sagIra hevAthI, temanI vatI vasata zrI malvika zrI zItakaraNano amala pAcho. temanI vidhavA mAtA, rANInAganikAe rAjyanI cUMsarI zarU thayo che. tenuM gAdIe AvavuM be traNa kAraNathI mAthe upADI lIdhI hatI. A bejo teNIne asahya thayuM saMbhave che (1) rAjA kRSNa pite ati vRddha thaI thaI paDayo hoya ke duHkhanI mArI prajAnuM hita gayo hato eTale kudaratI mete te maraNa pAmyA hoya saMbhALI zakI na hoya-paNa teNI pAsethI rAjya khUMcavI kemake lagabhaga 65-68nI umare54 te pahoMcyo hato (50) juo pu. 2 sikkA AkRti naM. 69. zrIkRSNanA rAjyane aMta 373mAM AvI gayo hoya ema gaNatrI (51) juo sikA citra naM. 70 (ukela sAco hoya parathI nIkaLe che. chatAM gaNatrI hamezAM kAMI sAcI paDatI nathI ja te naM. 71nA sikkAnuM vAMcana khATuM Thare che, ane eTale ahIM saMbhavitapaNe manAvyuM che. keI sikko je pravacana sAcuM hoya te, sarva cinha ane ghoDAnAM cihane maLI Ave te nakkI karI zakAya ke kaI sthiti hatI. , ukela je pramANe karAto Avyo che te beTa che. bemAMthI eka bIjI sthiti e paNa che ke, caMdragupta samrATa banyo vastu-kAM ukela ane kAMte vAMcana-sAyI che ane bIjI te pahelAM, pote jyAre nAnA pradezano rAjA hatA tyAre, mulaka vastu khATI che. meLavavAnI tene tamannA hatI; te samaye A kRSNa AMdhrapati ' (52) jue rANI nAganikAe ketarAvela nAnAdhATana sAthe yuddha karIne tene mArI nAMkhyA paNa hoya ( juo zilAlekha (pAMcamA paricachede lekha ne. 1). pu. 2 mAM 373nI samayAvaLI) (5) caMdraguptanuM khaMDiyApaNuM svIkAryAne saMbhava nathI (5) dhImukha karatAM tene be varSe nAne gaNIe, te ja, kemake te I. sa. pU. 372mAM samrATa banyo che jyAre hiMsAbe 14 varSane kahyo che. pramukhane janma I. sa. 5.

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64 ]. AMdhrabhUtyane itihAsa [ aSTama khaMDa (ra) pote 18 varSano thayo hato (potAnA pitAnA pAMDayArAjAnA mUlaka sudhI potAne vijayake vagaDAvI maraNa samaye 8 varSano hata + 10 mAsa tenI vatI dIdho hato. eTale A malikazrIe potAnA rAjyatenI mAtAe hakumata calAvI + 10 rAjA kRSNane kALanA prathamanAM lagabhaga aThThAvIsa varSa mAMDaLipaNe sattAkALa Takayo che = 19 varSa) eTale rAja calA- gALyAM che ane uttarAvasthAne lagabhaga teTaleja vavA jevaDI pukhta umarano thayo hato. paraMtu A kALa-bIja aThThAvIsa varSa-anya rAjAone teNe kAraNa saMbhavita nathI kemake te samaye 14 varSanI mAMDaLika paNe rAkhyA che. vaye 5 pAkI uMmara (Limit of Majority:) malikazrI vadasanA maraNa samaye magadhamAM samrATa gaNAtI hatI (3) A samaye ja mahAnaMdanA rAjyano azokanI aNu phelAI rahI hatI. samrATa azokanI aMta, caMdraguptanuM samrATa thavuM ane cANakyanuM mahAmaMtrI traNe avasthAnI rAjakArakIdine samaya (4 varSa pada I. thavA pAmyAM hatAM. eTale mahAnaMda rAye pitAne rAjyAbhiSekanI pUrvanA + 24 varSa samrATa tarikenA+ 13. je anyAya thayela samajAyo hato tathA gAdI khAI varSa kuMvara priyadarzinanI sagIra avasthAmAM rITa besavI paDI hatI temAMthI nyAya meLavavA jevo avasara tarIkenA) 41 varasano che; temAMnA prathamanA bAreka prApta thayo che tevI samajaNathI, pite sarva sattAdhIza varSa (I. sa. pU. 33 thI 318 sudhI) A mallika pAse kesa raju karyo hoya. A traNamAMthI game te zrIe nihALyAM che. te bAda tenI gAdie tene putra kAraNa banavA pAmyuM hoya ke traNemAM thoDA thoDA aMze mArIputra AvyA hatA. tenuM rAjya Asare 18 varSa zakayatA:6 hoya paraMtu eTaluM kharuM che ke te pote cAhyuM che. eTale tenA AkhAye rAjya amala pharIne AMdhrapati banavA pAmyo hato ne teNe mArya azokanI jIvana avasthAmAM ja, pasAra thavA pAmyo samrATane mAMDalikapaNe aMgikAra karyuM hatuM. A tenuM che. jyAre azokanuM jIvana, uttarahiMdamAMnI pitAnI mAMDaLikapaNuM caMdraguptanA AkhA samaya paryaMta cAlu rahyuM tAbedAra sarvaprajAmAM thatA baLavAo dAbI devAmAM, hatuM. te bAda samrATa biMdusAranA rAjaamale jyAM temaja alekjhAMDaranA maraNa bAda tenA vArasadAra selyusudhI 5. cANakyanuM netRtvapada jArI hatuM tyAMsudhIye kasa nikeTare hiMda upara lagabhaga je ba malika zrI prabhatya hato ja; paraMtu jyAre dakSiNamAM humalo karyA hatA tene mArI haThAvavAmAM, temaja pitAnA anya rAjAoe magadhapatinI ANa pheMkI devA mAMDI gRhakaMkAsamAM, eTaluM badhuM parovAI rahevA pAmyuM hatuM ke tyAre A mallikazrI zAtakaraNIe paNa pitAne tene pitAne uttarahidane je mulaka pitA taraphathI svataMtra hAtha ajamAvavA mAMDe hato (I. sa. pU. vArasAmAM maLyo hato tene sAcavI rAkhavAmAM japatAnuM 345 thI 340 AsapAsamAM) ane magadhanI ANa- sarvasva mAnI levuM paDayuM hatuM. mAMthI svataMtra thatAM dakSiNanAM nAnAM nAnAM rAjyone sthiti pravartI rahI hatI te tarapha uMcI AMkha karIne pitAnA sAvalaimatvamAM lAvI mUkyAM hatAM. tathA pitAnA jevA paNa te pAmyo nathI. eTale mADharIputre potAne rAjyanA aMta sudhI nabhAvye rAkhyAM hatAM. vaLI teNe maLela vArasAnA sarvapradeza upara-kaliMga suddhAMta taddana Aja pramANe pUrvane kaliMga jItI laIne dakSiNamAM svataMtra rAjakartA tarIke ja57 pitAnuM jIvana vyatIta 458mAM ane kRSNane 456mAM thayAnuM gaNAya; zodhatAM prathamanuM kAraNa utpAdana che ane bIju tenuM samarthaka che. jaNAyuM che ke caMdragupta sAthenI laDAImAM te maraNa pAmyo paraMtu mahAbaLavAnapaNue temAM bhAga bhajavyo che (juo lAge che (juo tenuM vRttAMta). uparanI TI. 53 ane tene lagatu pu. 2 mAM I. sa. pU. (55) juo dRSTAMta mATe, rAjA zreNika, priyadarzina 373 samayAvaLInuM lakhANa.) ItyAdinAM jIvanacaritra. (57) pu. 2 sikkAcitra AkRti naM. 59 juo. () paheluM ane trIjuM vadhAre saMbhavita che temAM paNa

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- = vatIya pariccheda ] AMdhrabhUtyane ItihAsa karyuM hatuM. tenuM maraNa I. sa. pU. ra9mAM thayuM hatuM. mahera pADI punarapi tene adhikArapade sthApita karyo te bAda tene putra zaitamIputra aMdhagupta chaThTho hato. A banAvano samaya I. sa. pU. 281 che. AMdhrapati tarIke Avyo hato. te gAdIe beThe tyAre pite gAdI upara Avyo tyArathI lagabhaga 45 varSa paNa svataMtra ja hatA. temaja samrATa azoke priyadarzinane sudhI-jyAre samrATa priyadarzinanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. rAjyalagAma saMpI (I. sa. pU. ra90) tyAMsudhI, 236-7mAM thayuM tyAMsudhI-te tene khaMDiye ja rahyo tathA te bAda pAMceka varSaparyata priyadarzine uttara hiMda che. te bAda mauryavaMzanI paDatI thatI cAlI che eTale paranA mulaka upara prayANa karyuM rAkhyuM hatuM tyAMsudhI, AMdhrapatioe svataMtra banI AMdhrabhatyAnuM kalaMka bhUMsI tenI svataMtratA jaLavAI rahI hatI ja. paraMtu jevI nAMkhyuM che. jethI A sAtamA AMdhrapatinA uttara priyadarzine dakSiNa hiMda jItavAne najara mAMDIne prayANa jIvananA 11 varSo (I. sa. pU. 236 thI 225 sudhInA) AdaryuM ke prathama jhapATe ja A chaThThA AMdhrapatinI svataMtrapaNe gayAM kahevAya, eTaluM ja nahiM balake potAnA svataMtratA haNAI gaI hatI (I. sa. pU. 284-5) purogAmI (naM. 4 AMdhrapati) ane pitAnA jeTalo ja ane potAnI putrI, samrATa priyadarzinane paraNAvI, saMdhi lAMbo kALasadhI rAjapada bhogavanAra mahilaka zrI karI levI paDI hatI. jo ke priyadarzine pote, anyatra sadasatanI peThe, keTalAka anya rAjavIone te pitAnA amalamAM mukela rAjanIti pramANe. ahIM paNa jItela sArvasva to vAvavAne bhAgyazALa zo e sava pradezaupara tene teja bhUpatione pitAnuM uparI (A hakIkata tenA jIvanavRttAMtamAM savistara "apAze). paNuM kabUla karAvIne rAjyAdhikAre punaH sthApita karyo tenA maraNa samaye je ke pataMjalI mahAzaya hatA ja58 eTale A chaThThA AMdhrapatie 299thI jIvaMta hatA ja, paraMtu te samayasudhImAM rAjyatvanI 284 sudhInAM 14-15 varSa svataMtra adhikArapatra ake drita bhAvanA je cAlI AvatI hatI te lagabhaga ane bAkInAM cAreka varSa priyadarzinanA mAMDaLikapaNe0 adazya thaI javA pAmI hatI. eTale A pArigrAphanA gujArI 18 varSa rAjaya bhagavyuM hatuM. uparI bhAge jaNAvAyuM che tema, AMdhrabhUtyAne zabda- chaThThA aprapatinI gAdIe tene putra vasiSThaputra prayoga paNa purANomAMthI adazya ' thaI gayA che ema zAtakaraNI sAtamA AMdhrapati tarIke Avya; te kahI zakAya. chatAM pataMjalI mahAzayanA dhArmikapadeza Avyo tyArathI mAMDalikapaNe ja hato. paraMtu yuvAna ane pramANe vartatA zuMgavaMzI avaMtipatioe paNa, temaNeja uchaLatA madano hovAthI mAMDaLikapaNe phagAvI devAne prarUpIta rAjya vyavasthA calAvye rAkhI hatI. eTale talapApaDa rahyA karato jethI teNe priyadarzinanI sAme mAthuM tenI sAme mAthu je kItra nI zAya che eka rIte kahI zakAya ke zuMgavaMzI samrATa agnimitre ucakaryuM hatuM. eTale tene mada utAravA samrATa priya- potAne sArvamatva sacita bIjo azvamedha yajJa Adaryo dazinane ajoDa ane adITha evuM bhayaMkara mahAyuddha tyAMsudhI parAjIta rAjAone khaMDiyA tarIke rAkhavAnI A kaliMgapati sAthe khelavuM paDayuM hatuM ane prathA theDe ghaNe aMze cAlu rahI hatI. jethI karIne mAMDalikapaNunI chApaupara vadhAre joradAra sikkA A vastusthiti tyapaNunI gaNatrInA siddhAMta tarIke (58) jue sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti pu. 2 tathA che temAM prathama vakhata te uparanI TI. naM. 58 vALo ane jamAM ane jaina sAhityagraMthamAM saMgratinuM jIvanacaritra. bIjI vakhata te A prasaMga samajavo. abhyAsane pariNAme (59) juo sikkA AkRti naM. 80. samajAya che ke, tenI kanyA nahIM paNa tenI bena lIdhI che. (60) juo sikA AkRti naM. 63, 64. (63) jIo sikkA citra naM. 65 tathA naM. 74, 75 (61) jIo samrATa priyadarzinanA dhaulIgauDAvALA (jarA rokAspada che.) khaDakalekhanI hakIkta. (14) juo pR. 30 u5ra rAjaonI saMkhyA gaNA(2) jIo dhaulI jAgauDAno khaDakalekha tathA sudarzana vavAmAM apilakane AMdhrabhUtyAmAM karAvavA vALI yuktine taLAvanI prazasti; be vakhata jIvate javA dIdhe je kaho ullekha

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* ] AMdhrabhRtyAnA itihAsa [ jIma khaDa atra mAnya rahe tevI nathI krama jItelA rAjA keTalA vakhatasudhI te sthitimAM rahevA pAmyA hatA tathA enA mulaka ja emaNe te sAmrAjyamAM yAranAyakAnA tyA te hatA te sarva hakIkata mArI tapAsamAM bheLavI levA mAMDayA hatA. jeTalI AvI te kahI batAvI che. ekI vakhate jonArane te khyAlamAM AvI jAya te mATe tene eka kADhArUpa utArI batAvuM chuM. A pramANe " AMdhrabhRtyu " zabda vaDe AMdhravaMzIemAMthI kyA rAjA samajI zakAya ane te pratyeka sAtamA rAjAthI mAMDIne rAjA hAla sudhI rAjyavyavasthA bahu asthira cAlatI hatI. joke zuMgavaMzI samrATAe, temaja nahapANu kSaharATa avaMtipatie, AMdhravaMzIone harAvI harAvIne teAkhA pAkarAvI hatI paraMtu A samaye parAjIta rAjAonA mulaka, vijetA rAjA potAnA rAjyamAM bheLavI letA hAvAthI parAjItAne " mRtya " zabda lagAMDI zakAya nahIM, eTale atra darzAvela sAta rAjyanA rAjaamala sudhI ja mAMDaLikapaNAnI "bhRtyA" kahevaDAvavAnI prathA sacavAI rahI hatI ema gaNavuM rahe che. AMka rAjAnuM nAma kAnA mAMDaLika 1 2 | gotamIputra yajJazrI 3 rAjA zrImukha vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNi 4 vasaMta zrI vasiSThaputra (sagIra avasthAmAM) kRSNa vasiSThaputra vasata zrI mallikazrI (uMmara lAyaka thayA khAda) rANI nAganikAnA putra 5 | maDhArIputra 6 | utamIputra kRSNa skaMdhagupta zAtaNi vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNa urphe pulumAvI rAjya amala 13 varSa I. sa. pU. 427 thI 413 30 varSa 413 thI 390 = 23 varSa | svataMtra samaya 22 30 10 mAsa 383 thI 382 = 10 mAsa | magadhapati mahAnaMda urphe navamA naMdA 10 varSe 382 thI 372 = 10 varSI | magadhapati navamA naMdanA 54 372 thI 357 = 15 350 thI 44 = 344 thI 318 = 18,, 18 pa,, 390 thI 383 = 7 varSa | magadhapati mahAnaMdanA 13 {} 236 thI 229 = 54 229 thI 225 = 12 "" 318 thI 299 299 thI 285 = 14 varSe | svataMtra 285 thI 281 = 4 Z o | OM "" 281 thI 236 = 45 varSa 4 22 eka rIte taddana svataMtra ja; bIjI rIte khAravelanA 22 "" mairyavaMzI caMdraguptanA biMdusAranA taddana svataMtrapaNe " taddana svataMtra samrATa priyadarzinane samrATa priyadarzinane svataMtrapaNe sArvabhaumapaNe

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caturtha pariccheda zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) saMkSipasAra-AMdhrapationI rAjagAdinAM sthaLa vize, je aneka nAme bolAya che, te darekanI zakayAzakyatA vize karela carcA-tathA kayuM sthaLa samayAnukULa te sthAna jogavatuM hatuM tene Apela khyAla- A vaMzanA sarva rAjAo, pitAnAM nAma sAthe, sarva sAmAnya vizeSaNe joDatAM havAthI UbhI thatI muzkelIne Apela citAra-chatAM temAMthI jene ukela mAtRgotranA baLathI karI zakAya che tenI Apela samajAti-bhinna bhinna samaye kyA rAjAo, karyo dharma pALatA, te muddo samajAvI, temaNe jyAre parivartana kareluM tyAre kevA saMyogo hatA ane kevI rIte temane paristhitine anukULa thavuM paDyuM hatuM tene Apela khyAlane te prasaMge thayela dharmakrAMtine aMge, prajA upara nIpajelI asaranuM karela varNana-rAjakAraNamAM thayela krAMtinuM kiMcidaMze Apela varNana chevaTe A krAMtimAM mukhya bhAga bhajavanAra " bhagavAna pataMjalinI, ane tevI ja rIte bIjA prakhyAta thayelA rAjakarmacArI pa. cANakyanI, karelI sarakhAmaNI-

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68 ] rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ aThThama khaDa zatavahunavaMza (cAlu) jyAM AMdhravaMzanI sarva sthitinA mAvaLI, vaMzA vaLI I. sarva vastu ja aMdhArAmAM paDelI che tyAM rAjapATanAM sthAna vIzenI mAhitI rAjagAdInAM sthAna pazu saMdigdha ja dekhAya temAM vize Azcaryajanaka kAMI na ja kahevAya. vaLI AkhA vaMzanuM AyuSya ane janmyA hatA. maMtrImaMDaLe kSatriyANIjAyAnA ja adhikAra gAdI upara hAvAnuM TharAvyAthI e meTA putrA (temAM paNa moTA zrImukha, ane khIje kRSNa nAmathI itihAsamAM je AMdhrapati tarIke prakhyAta thayA che te) e rUsaNuA laine magadhanI hada che|DI (uparanA paricchedajI ) pitAnA rAjyanI hadamAM anyatra vasavATa karI bhAgya ajamAvavAnuM upADI lIdhuM hatuM. viMdhyAcaLa parvatanI hAramALA jyAM pUrva dIzAmAM pUrI * tene je rAjakIya palaTAmAMthI pasAra thavuM paDayuM che te jotAM paNa sahaja samajI zakAya tema che ke, tene rAjapATa vize aneka ra'gaDhaga sahana karavA paDayA haze. te vize aneka sthAne sUcavAyAM che. jevAM ke dakSiNanAM paiThaNu-pratiSThAnapura, jIngera, samudrataTa upara AveluM seAparakanagara, cAMdA-caMdA ( varADa jIllA ), nijhAmI rAjyamAM AvelAM cittura ane varaMgula tathA amarAvatI, ane muMbaI IlAkAnI TheTha dakSiNumAM Avela tuMgabhadrA nadInA taTapradezamAM AveluM vijayanagara. A pramANe cha sAta sthAne lekhAyAM che paraMtu kayA ane kema saMbhavita che tenuM vivecana kAI sthAna upara carcAyuM dekhAtuM nathI mATe te viSaya ApaNe atra grahaNa karIzuM. thai jAya che tathA jyAM the|DAka sapATa pradeza che ane jyAM hAla cheATAnAgapuravALA bhAga Avela che tyAMthI dakSiNa tarapha te utaryAM. te samaye tAjetaramAM pAsenA kaliMgadeza upara rAjA khAravelanA rAjyAbhiSeka thaI gayA hatA. vaLI khAravelanI uMmara paNa zrImukhakaratAM keTalIe nAnI hatI(jue uparamAM pU. para) temaja kaliMga karatAM magadhanuM sAmrAjya vistAravaMta hovAthI zrImukhane vizeSa pramANumAM rAjyasaMcAlananI tAlima maLI gaI hatI. AvAM anekavidha saMyeAgA peAtAnI tarapheNamAM che ema mAnI, zrImukhe khAravelanI hada upara ja AkramaNu laI javAnuM pasaMda karyuM hatuM (jIe hAthINuMkA lekha). paraMtu khAravela gAdIpati hatA, eTale vizeSa sAmagrIne svAmI hatA jyAre zrImukha peAte sthAna vagarane ane eka kumAra mAtra ja hatA eTale khAravelanI sAme TakI zakayA nahIM ane pAchA haThI haThIne viMdhyAcaLanA dakSiNa pradezanI samAna lIMTIe, TheTha nAsika sudhI jatA rahevAnI pharaja paDI hatI. peAtAnA svataMtra jIvananA AraMbhanA prathama pagathiye ja AvA nirAzAmaya anurahe che. tethI teneA ahIM ullekha karavA paDayA che. (*) jema na, 1mAM jaNAvela caDhDhAe nadIonA saMgama uparanuM sthaLa che teja mazAle A cinuranuM sthAna paNa gAdAvarI ane purohita (jaina ane jaina nadInA saMcAgathI banavA pAmI che)nA sIMgama upara hAvAthI sabhAkhya sthAna tarIkenI gaNanAmAM AvI gayuM hAya. uparanI TIkA naM. 1 ane nIcenI TIkA naM. 8 sAthe sarakhAvA. tathA pu. 1, pR. 157 TI. na. 25 jI. magadhapati naMdujAnuM maraNu ( jue pu. 1mAM teneA adhikAra) ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pUrve 427mAM nIpajyA bAda, kANu magadhanI gAdIe AvI zake te prazna upasthiti thayA hatA; kemake tene putrA te| lagabhaga navanI saMkhyAmAM te samaye haiyAta hatA. paraMtu sauthI meATA e ane sauthI nAnA ema maLI kula traNa putrA zUdrANI peTe ane bAkInA cha kSatriyANI peTe (1) A zahera varADa jIllAmAM Avela varSA ane paina nadInA sa`gama upara Avela che. rAjagAdInA eka sthAna tarIke amarAvatI paNa lekhAya che (jIe nIcenI TIkA na. 2) eTale A sthAna sAthe bheLavI devAmAM AvyuM dekhAya che. nIcenI TIkA na'. 6 tathA 8 sAthe sarakhAvA. (2) amarAvatI nAma levAya che tene vidvAna e, macprAMta-varADa jIllAmAM Avela amarAvatI lekhavyuM che, paraMtu te vAstavika nathI. te amarAvatI, jenuM sthAna dhanakaTAnA pradezamAM Avela OM (jIe pu. 1, pR. 153mAM tenA adhikAra) te samajavuM (3) rAtavahana va'zIonuM tIdhAma A sthAne hatuM (jIe AgaLa pAMcamA paricchede na. 13nA lekha)

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[ 9 caturtha paricheda ] rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize bhava maLavAthI, vizeSa prayatna karavA agAu kaIka sthAna vAyavya khUNe paMdara vIsa mAIlanA aMtare Avela che. upara sthita thavAnI jarUriyAta tene lAgI hatI. eTale eTale ke tene nAsikanI pazcima dizAe AveluM pradezamAM ja prathama rAjapATa sthApI dIdhuM. gaNI zakAya. matalaba ke Pyton nAsika zaheranI sAmAnya mAnyatA pramANe tene paiThaNa nAmathI oLa- pUrvamAM che ane Peint nAsikanI pazcimamAM che. hAthIkhavAmAM Ave che. guphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, A yuddhamAM zrImukhanI paiThaNa nAmanAM be sthAna A pradezamAM Avela che. puMTha TheTha nAsika sudhI pakaDI hatI ane tyAM nAsI eka auraMgAbAda zaherathI dakSiNe lagabhaga 25-30 javAnI pharaja pADI hatI. eTale spaSTa thAya che ke, govadha, samaya zrImukhe je Azraya lIdhe heya te pUrva dizAmAMthI AvatA khAravelanA humalAnI sAmI bAjue, eTale nAsikanI pazcime ja lIdhe have joIe. matalaba e thaI ke, zrImukhe phaLIyA pitAnA rAjavaMzanI gAdInA sthAna tarIke maMgaLAcaraNamAM Paint ne pasaMdagI ApI hatI. A paTane paiThaNa nAmathI sAmAnya rIte vartamAnakALe oLakhavAmAM Ave che. jyAre prAcIna samaye tene pratiSThAnapura nAmathI saMbodhavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. vaLI A zahera DuMgarALa pradezamAM Avela hovAthI temaja surakSita heIne tathA trirazima jevA pavitra tIrthadhAmanI taLeTI jevuM hovAthI rAjasthAna mATe vizeSa yogya paNa hatuM. jyAre pracalita mAnyatA nAsikanI pUrve 100 mAIle Avela paiThaNu Pytonne lagatI che. Pasthan (juo ke. A. ke. pra. pR. 39, pArA 48) on the Godavari in the Nizam's mAIle Avela che. te Pyton tarIke nakazAmAM darzAvAyuM dominions the ancient Pratisthanpur che ane godAvarInA tIra pradezamAM ja AveluM che. is in Jain legend the capital of king paraMtu auraMgAbAda zahera, nAsikathI pUrva dizAmAM laga- Salivahana and his son Sakti-kumara bhaga 80-100 mAIle hevAthI, Pyton ne paNa ( 57, Nos. 1 & 3) nIjhAmI rAjya, godAvarI nAsikanI pUrvamAM lagabhaga 100 mAIlanA aMtare ja nadI upara Avela paiThaNa, (jene) jaina daMtakathAAveluM gaNavuM paDaze. jyAre bIjuM sthaLa, Peint sAhityamAM purANuM pratiSThAnapura (kaheluM che te) zAlikahevAya che je nAsika jIllAmAM ane nAsika zaherathI vAhana rAjAnI ane tenA putra zaktikumAranI" (juo ( tyA ? nahamaws - 2 : mAM meM (4) jaina daMtakathAmAM paiThaNa-pratiSThAnapura lakhyuM che teTaluM (5) A vyaktinI oLakha mATe pAMcamA pario sAcuM che paraMtu ke, A. re.nA lekhake je sthAna levAnuM ke, A. re.nA sUcita sarva zilAlekha sabadhI carcA karI kAryuM che tevuM vidhAna kaI jainadaMtakathAmAM che te jaNAvyuM che, tyAMthI naM. 3nA nAsika zilAlekhe joI levI. deta te vadhAre upayogI thAta,

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70 ] rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ aSTama khaMDa pArA pa7 zilAlekha naM. 1 ane 3) rAjagAdinuM killo, ke je zahera paNa AMdhrapationI eka samaye sthAna hatuM. matalaba ke hAla pravartI rahelI paiThaNa rAjadhAnI hovAnuM manAyuM che-A sarve sthAne evI (Pyton) vizenI mAnyatA karatAM, rAjadhAnInuM zahera nadIonA saMgama upara AvelAM che ke, jeonA uccAra piTha (Peint) hovA vize vizeSa zakyatA jaNAya che. ane paristhiti jotAM te banenI saMbhAvanA vize kadAca samudrataTavALA pradezamAM AveluM sopArA- mizraNa karI devAyuM hoya ema samajAya che. temaja A traNe supArka nagara (jyAM priyadarzinanA nAnA khaDaka lekhanA sthAne, prAcIna samayathI jANItI ane pavitra evI thoDo bhAga maLI Avyo che te) paNa saMbhave che. godAvarI ane kRSNa nadI upara-athavA tenI zAkhAo kAMI vizeSa pUrA nathI eTale tenI vicAraNuM choDI upara-Avela hovAthI paNa kaIne kaI prakAre eka daIzuM. keI saMzodhakane te dizAmAM prayAsa karavo ghaTe sthAna bIjAnI jagyA pUravAne upayogI thaI paDayuM te karI zake teTalA pUratuM nAma darzAvyuM che. hoya ema dekhAya che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, junera tathA caMdA ane cinaranAM sthAna vize:- cAMdAzahera ke cinuranA killAne rAjagAdInA sthAna Adi rAjA zrImukha ane tenA putra gatamIputra yajJazrInA tarIke svIkArI levAne bahu majabUta Teke maLatuM hoya rAjya daramyAna (bemAMthI konA samaye-te viSaya tevI paristhiti nathI dekhAtI. temanA vRttAMtamAM carcavAmAM Avaze) varADa jIllo ane cinura zahera killA yukta sthAne hAIne haju madhyaprAMtavALo pradeza jItI levAmAM Avyo hato eTale tenI zakyatA rAjanagara tarIke lekhI zakAya tema che. ja nahIM, paNa jyAM sudhI I. sa. pU. 100nA arasAmAM paraMtu tene samarthana ApanArI anya hakIkata jyAM te samayanA AMdhrapati vidarbhapati pAsethI zregavaMzI sudhI maLI Ave nahIM tyAMsudhI tenuM sthAna zakyatAnI samrATa agnimitre yuddhamAM te pradeza jItI lIdhe tathA kakSAthI AgaLa laI javAya tema nathI. bAkI killAne sulehanAmAnI eka zarata tarIke te vidarbhipatinI kuMvarI yuddhasamaye vyuharacanAnA eka-sthAna tarIke lekhAvatAM mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM tyAMsudhI, te saghaLo pradeza tene hakka jarUra gaNAvI zakAze. banavA joga che ke I. AMdhrapatinA svataMtra adhikAra taLe ja hato. A gALe sa. pU. 57mAM atipati evA zakaprajAnA je saradArane lagabhaga aDhI sadIne kahI zakAze. caMdA-cAMdA zahera zakAri vikramAditye parAjaya (juo pu. 4 mAM tenA varADa jIllAmAM moTuM zahera che. vaLI vartamAnakALe jyAM vRttAMte ) pamADayo hato tathA jeNe, A vikramAdityane amarAvatI zahera AveluM che tenI najIkamAM ja te AveluM yuddhamAM madada karI pitAne harAvavAmAM mukhya phALo che tema amarAvatIne paNa AMdhrapationI jAhojalAlI noMdhAvanAra AMdhrapati (juo ariSTakarNanA vRttAMte)nI sAthe saMyukta thayelI vAMcavAmAM Ave che. uparAMta A pUTha pakaDI hatI ane jeNe jaMgalAcchAdita pradezamAM cAMdAzahera ane AMdhrapationuM samRddhiyukta uparokta sAmano karyo hato paraMtu pitAnuM maraNa thayuM hatuM tenI amarAvatI, e banne zaheranAM sthAna tathA cinurane sAthenA yuddhanuM sthAna A cinurakile ke AsapAsanuM (9) karyuM amarAvatI ? varADa chalAnuM ke anya koI caMdAnuM sthAna, nadIonA saMgama upara che; paraMtu kharI sthaLa te nAmanuM hatuM. A mAhitI meLavavAnI kaDAkuTamAM vastusthiti zedhALane aMge jyAM sudhI kaLAi na hoya tyAM utAryA sivAya, TharAvI devAyuM lAge che ke te varADanuM ja hovuM sudhI, ekabIjA sthAnane rAjapATa tarIke gaNI levAnI joie. (vizeSa mATe juo nIcenI TIkA . 10) zakyatAne lIdhe ja A pramANe banyuM dekhAya che. . (7) kharI rIte caMdA ane amarAvatI te be zaheronuM (8) uparanI TIkA naM. 1 tathA * vAMce. banne sthAne nahIM, paraMtu rAjapATa tarIke je eka anya nagaranI saMbhA- namAM paina, vaina, (penagaMgA, vainagaMgA) temaja paina ane panA lekhAya che te cinura nAmanA zaheranuM sthAna ane vainathI yukta banelI purahita,

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caturtha paricacheda ]. rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize [ 71 hoya. zakAri vikramAdityanI kamake janAra AMdhrapati pasaMda karI le che tema. te samayanI AMdhrapatie. A ariSTakarNanI AMka saMkhyA lagabhaga soLamI che. AMdhrapati kSaharATa prajAnA saradAra sAthenA cha varSanA yuddha cothAthI mAMDIne soLa sudhInA rAjya amale I. sa. pU. daramyAna (juo pu. 3. nahapAnuM vRttAMta jenA 25 thI I. sa. pU. 37 sudhInA traNa varSamAM zilAlekhamAM 40-41 ane 46 nA AMke mAluma uttarottara dezavRddhi vadhatI ja cAlI hatI. alabatta, vacce paDayA che) A pradezamAMnA bhinna bhinna sthaLone DAMka varSa jyAre kSaharATa bhUmaka ane nahapANane Azraya lIdho che. tathA AvAM kAraNane lIdhe ja amala cAlato hato tyAre-AMdhrapatione pitAnA vijetA pakSone yuddhanI jItanA smAraka tarIke junera, rAjapATanuM sthAna, paiThapradeza-dakSiNa hiMdane pazcima kaherI I. sthaLAnA zilAlekha ubhA karAvavAnA prasaMge bhAga choDI daIne, pUrva bhAgamAM haThI javuM paDayuM hatuM " sAMpaDayA heya ema dhArI zakAya. vizeSa adhyayanathI A ceDAM varSane samaya bAda karatAM, dakSiNa hiMdanA ema samajAyuM che ke, junera ane tenI AsapAsa sarva uttarapradezamAM AMdhrapationuM jora ja jAmI paDayuM pradeza jItavA mATe nahapANanA samaye AMdhrapatio sAthe hatuM. eTale pitAnA rAjyapradezamAMnA cinurakillA je yuddha khelAyAM che, te rAjapATanuM sthAna prApta karavA jevA surakSita sthaLe teo duzmanane haMphAvavAne sAmane ke tevAM anya rAjakIya kAraNasara nahatAM ja; kemake kare te banavA thAya ja che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e thAya (1) te samaye jamIna meLavavAno lobha eTalA badhA che ke, cinarane kiTale te rAjagAdInuM sthAna saMbhavatuM pramANamAM ke raNasaMgrAma karI manuSyasaMhAra vALavA mATe nathI paraMtu lazkarI najare eka upayogI ja saMbhave che. upayukta thaye naheto (2) vaLI te pradezamAM AMdhra jema cinuranuM samajAya che tema juneranuM sthAna pationuM rAjapATa nahetuM. teTalA mATe mAnavuM rahe che ke paNa te ja prakAranuM lAge che. vizeSamAM kadAca banavA tyAMthI tene khaseDIne kyAranuMe pUrvabhAgamAM, kRSNa uke yogya che ke te rAjapATa thavAne bhAgyavaMta banyuM bennA nadInA, kaTaka eTale pANIthI vartulAkAre gherAI , paNa hoya. kemake, I. sa. 5. 114nI AsapAsa, jatA evA, bennATaka pradezamAM laI javAmAM AvyuM avaMtipati nahapANa tenA jAmAtra rUSabhadeva tathA mahAnuM hatuM. nahapANanI laDAIno samaya I. sa. 5. 114nA maMtrI ame, te samayanA AMdhrapati sAthe vAraMvAra yuddha arasAne che jyAre bennATaka pradezamAM rAjadhAnI to kheDI te pradezano kabajo meLavavAne tanatoDa mathAmaNuM gaiAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakarINanA ja samaye ke tenA karI hatI ema zilAlekhI sAbitI maLe che. paraMtu ane rANInAganikAnA putra malikazrI zAtakaraNinA zaika ane jAnane ubhayanI nikaTatAne jyAre vicAra samaye eTale ke i. sa. pU. 414 thI 360 sudhInA karIe chIe tyAre evA vicAra upara avAya che ke, arasAmAM laI javAmAM AvI che. te pradezamAMthI te jo rAjanagara tarIke janerano svIkAra thayo hoya te, rAjAnA sikkAo paNa maLI Ave che, je A pramANe jema yuddhamAM zikasta pAmate eka pakSa pAcho haThata ja sthiti hoya te AMdhrapatio sAthenA nahapANanA haThatA pitAnA sthAna tarIke, najIkanuM surakSita sthAna yuddhone rAjakIya svarUpa ApI zakAya nahIM. temaja (9) rANIzrI baLakIe pote kotarAvela zilAlekhamAM, round about Amravati, while all the " Bow potAnA kuLane lAgela kalaMka teNInA putra joI nAMkhyAnuM and Arrow" coins come from Western India jaNAvyuM che te A haThI javAnA prasaMgane manAvAya che. =mAre anubhava ema kahe che ke, Adhava zI sikkAo pUrva (10) c. A. I by Cunningham pp. 108:- hiMdamAM amarAvatInI AsapAsathI maLI AvyA che jyAre So far as my experience goes, all the coins tIrakAmaThAMvALA sarva sikakAe pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI, of Andhras are found in Eastern India, AvyA che. A kathanathI nIcenI hakIkata sAbita thaI jAya che,

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rAjagAdInAM sthAna vize 72 ] rANIzrI khaLazrIe zilAlekhamAM kAtarAvela peAtAnA kuLane lAgela kalaMkane tenA putra gaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNa e dheAI nAMkhyAnA prasaMgane je rAjakIya raMge raMgyA che. te paNa vAstavika nathI. ( sarakhAvA paMcama paricchedne zilAlekha naM. 14 nI hakIkata). parantu jema samrATa priyadarzine pote dhArmika kAraNasara zilAlekhA kAtarAvyAnuM puravAra thaI gayuM che, temaja caRRNuvaMzI kSatrape je pramANe jasadaNa, muLavAsara ane junAgaDha mukAme (jIe paricchede chaThThA zilAlekhA naM. 38 thI 42 ) svadharmanAM tIrthasthaLeA pratye premabhAva khatAvI-tyAM dhArmika kAryo karyAMnA ullekha karatA gayA che, tema priyadarzina ane rUdradAmananA samayanI madhye gALe thayelA evA AMdhrapati ane nahapANavaccenAM yuddhanA kAraNamAM pazu, rAjadvArI karatAM dhArmika kAraNa hAvAnI gaMdha hAvAnuM vizeSa manAya che je AgaLanA paMcama paricchede zilAlekha naM. 13nA varNanathI ane tenI TIkAomAM Apela spaSTikaraNathI sAbita thaI jAya che. matalaba ke, temanA te samayanA yuddhamAM rAjakIya hetu nahAtA; tethI rAjapATa cheADavuM paDayAne ane kalaMka lAgyAnI hakIkatane saMbaMdha nathI; teja pramANe jIngeraupara rAjanagaranA sthAna tarIke krAi samaye pasaMdagI utarI paDI heAya ema paNa mAnavAne kAraNa nathI. nirdiSTa karela cha sthAnamAMthI bAkI rahetA varaMguLa ane amarAvatIne have vicAra karIe-pu. 1 mAM 11 ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke jyAM kRSNAnadI *gALa upasAgarane maLe che tyAM tenA mukhathI lagabhaga 25 mAIla upara ane jyAM hAla ejhavADA nAmanuM (1) amarAvatI zahera pUhiMdamAM AvyuM che, nahIM ke madhyaprAMtamAM ke varADamAM. (2) AMdhravaMzanA Adi purUSa ke jeNe tIrakAmaThAnuM cinha vAparyuM che tenuM rAjya kevaLa pAzcama hiMdamAM maryAdita thaI rahyuM hatuM. (3) AdipurUSanA pachInA rAjAoe te cinhanA tyAga karyA hatA ane temanA sikkA pUhiMdamAMthI sadhaLA maLI Ave che eTale temanuM rAjapATa amarAvatI nagaranI [ aThThama khaMDa gAma AveluM che tyAMthI--AgaLa, prAcIna samaye vANijayamAM meTuM dhIkatuM eka baMdara AveluM hatuM. kRSNA nadInuM khIjuM nAma veNA-ennA che, ane tenA taTa pradezamAM A nagara AveluM hAvAthI tenuM nAma ennAtaTanagara paDayuM hatuM. temaja tenI AsapAsanA pradeza A ennAnadInA jaLathI saMtASAtA rahetA hAi te bhUmine bennAkaTakanA nAme eLakhavAmAM AvatI hatI; vaLI tyAMnI jamIna ati phaLadrupa hAine dhana, dhAnyanA bhaMDArarUpa hAvAthI tene dhanakaTaka-dhAnyakaTakanA pradeza paNa kahevAmAM AvatA hatA. uparAMta A dhAnya kaTakanA pradezamAMthI atyAre khAdakAma karatAM je ma vihAra ane caityAnAM avazeSo maLI AvatAM rahyAM che. te uparathI te sthAnaupara prAcIna samaye kAI meTInagarI AvI rahI. hAvI joie tenI khAtrI pazu maLatI jAya che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, kheAdakAmathI maLelAM avazeSa| paNa ApaNA anumAnane samarthana ApatAM jaNAya che. magadhapati biMbisAra pote gAdIe AvyA te purve ennAtaTanagaramAM ja e traNa varSe (I. sa. pU. 582-3) kumArAvasthAmAM AvIne rahyo hatA, temaja kaliMgapati samrATa khAravele peAtAnA rAjyakAle 13 mA varSe(I. sa. pU. 416) mahAvijaya12 nAme prAsAda 3pa lAkhanA dravya kharca karIne aMdhAvyA hatA (jue. pu, 4 mAM tenuM vRttAMta). te uparathI phalita thAya che ke I.sa.pU.nI chaThThI ane pAMcamI sadImAM ennAtaTanagara tenI jAheAjalAlInI parikASTA bhogavI rahyuM hatuM. tema AMdhrapatine-khIjAthI seALamA sudhInA-samaya I. sa. pU. 415 thI I. sa. pU. 50 sudhInA noMdhAyA che. vaLI khAravelanA rAjyanA aMta AsapAsanA pradezamAM thayuM hatuM. vizeSa hakIkata mATe Aja pAgriAphe AgaLa juo. (11) tue majakura pustaka pR. 162 tathA TIkA naM. 37, (12) kA. AM. re.mAM ApeluM 45 zilAlekhanuM varNana ApaNe pariccheda pAMcamAmAM utAryuM che te vAMceA eTale khAtrI thaze-vasiSThIputra svAmi zrI pulumAvI records a gift to the Amravati Tope (line 2; mahAcaitya = the great chaitya ).

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caturtha pariccheda ] rAjagAdInAM sthAne vize [ 73 I. sa. pU. 792mAM ane tenA vazanA aMta I. sa. mata TAMkI batAvyo che ke G. J. Dubrevil 5. 360 AsapAsamAM Avyo che. tethI mAnavAne remarks in his Ancient History of kAraNa maLe che ke te benI vaccenA 30-32 varSanA the Deccan. "When the Kshaharatas gALAmAM ja te pradeza upara mairyavaMzI samrATanI sattA occupied North Deccan, the capital sthapAI hatI. paraMtu jyAre samrATa al lord of the Satavahanas was probably kALe I. sa. pUrve 347 nI AsapAsa baLavA jagA- Amaravati on the lower course of the vIne dakSiNahiMdanI aneka sattAo svataMtra thaI beThI Krishna-kSaharAToe jyAre dakSiNa hiMdane uttara hatI te arasAmAM dakSiNanA AMdhrapatioe pitAnA bhAga jItI lIdhuM hatuM tyAre zatavahanavaMzI rAjArAjyano vistAra ati vipulapaNe vistArI mUkayo nI rAjagAdI, savasA kaSNA nadInA mukha pAse hato ane AvaDA moTA vistAravata sAmrAjya upara AvelI amarAvatI nagarI hatI". eTale ke mI. hakumata bhogavavAne TheTha pazcimanA bhAgamAM-paiThemAM- DubrevIlanA mata pramANe nahapANu kSaharATe ane tenA rAjagAdI rAkhavA karatAM, pUrvanA bhAgamAM tevuM ja kaI jamAI rUSabhadatta tathA mahAamAtya ayame zatavahana jabaradasta moTuM, vepAramAM AgaLa paDatuM, khIlatuM ane vazIone harAvyA hatA te bAda, A zatavahana sarva prakAranI anukULatAvALuM nagara maLI AvatuM hoya rAjAonuM rAjapATa amarAvatI nagare laI javAmAM te tyAM rAjagAdI pheravI nAMkhe, athavA to varSanI AvyuM hatuM. ane A amarAvatInuM sthAna kRSNa amuka kALa tyAM beThaka rAkhe che te taddana yogya kahe- (enA) nadInA mukhanI lagabhaga AveluM che. che. vAya. eTale sAbita thAya che ke, AMdhrapationI bhAu dAjI (ja. ba. . . e. sa. pu. 8, 5. rAjadhAnI tarIke amarAvatInuM je nAma levAyuM che te 239) jaNAve che ke, Padumavi is called varADa prAMtamAM AveluM vartamAna amarAvatI nahI13 Naravara-swami (a new king) & he paNa bejhavADA najIka je amarAvatI14 nAmanuM gAmaDuM has also the title of the swami of AveluM che te ane tenI AsapAsano pradeza, je Bennakataka...Bennakataka is I (Dr. prAcIna samaye bennATaka (varNana mATe pu. 1, pR. Daji) believe identical with Warrangul, 150-62 jAo) kahevAtA tathA jenuM mukhya zahera the capital of the Teligana or Andhra bennAtaTanagara hatuM te pradeza gaNAto hato. vaLI = padumAvIne naravara-svAmI (no bhUpati ) tarIke A pradezamAMthI aneka AMdhrapationA sikkAo maLI eALakhAvAya che. vaLI tene bennATakanA svAminuM Ave che te hakIkatathI paNa ApaNuM A varNanane birUda paNa maLela che-mArI (De. dAjI) dhAraNuM pramANika Teke maLato rahe che ema nirvivAditapaNe pramANe telIMgaNa athavA AMdhanI rAjadhAnI varaMgula kahI zakAze. mi. vI. esa. bakhale nAmanA vidvAne (je kahevAya che) te ja bennATaka che. ja. bAM. eN. ro. e. se. sana 1928 ( navI vaLI janarala kaniMgahAma pitAnA keInsa opha AvRtti) mu. 3mAM zatavahana vaMzanI hakIkatane lagatA InDiyA nAme pustakamAM pR. 108 upara lakhe che ke, lagabhaga 50 pRSThano eka moTo lekha lakhyo che. All the coins of Andhras are found temAM temaNe jI. je. Devila nAmanA vidvAne lakhela in Eastern India round about AmraenzanTa hisTarI opha dhI Dekkana nAme pustakano vati while all the Bow and Arrow coins pArigrApha tathA uparanI TIkA ( 3) upara TIkA na. 10mAM TakeluM sara kaniMgahAmane kAInsa opha inDiyAnA pu. 108vALuM vAkya juo. 10 (1) jIo nIce naM. 12 sarakhAve.

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74 ] rajAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelIo vize [ aSTama khaMDa come from Western India=AMdhrapationA bAda, teone haThI jaI tuMgabhadrAnadInI AsapAsa sarva sikkAo pUrvahiMdamAM amarAvatInI AsapAsa- vasavAnI jarUra paDI hatI. te samaye tyAM rAjagAdInI mAMthI ja maLI Ave che jyAre tIra ane kAmaThAvALA sthApanA karavI paDI hatI. saghaLA sikkAo pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI Ave che." AkhI carcAne sAra e thayo ke, AMdhrapatinA AmAMnA bIjA zabdo upara TIkA karavAne avakAza lagabhaga 700 varSa jeTalA dIrdha rAjaamalamAM, gAdInAM nathI. paraMtu eTaluM sApha jaNAya che ke amarAvatI sthAna tarIke mukhyapaNe traNa sthAne ja hisso purAvyo nagara hiMdanA pUrva bhAgamAM AvyuM che ane tyAM che. zarUAtamAM piMTha (paThaNa), te bAda varaMgula-amaAgaLathI AMdhrapationA sikkA maLI Ave che rAvatI, ane chevaTe vijayanagara; temAM piMTha ane amarAeTale A nagara temanA rAjaamalamAM mahattvane vatIe sAmrAjyanI jAhojalAlInA palaTA pramANe bhAga bhajavI rahyuM hatuM. rAjapATanuM svarUpa paNa badalAvyA karyuM haze tevuM samajAya A kathanathI amarAvatInA sthAna saMbaMdhI ApaNI che, jyAre vijyanagare to mAtra AthamatI dazAmAM ja mAnyatAne samarthana maLatuM kahI zakAze. paraMtu te potAnuM jIvana pUruM karyuM lAge che. keTalo kALa sudhI rAjanagara tarIke TakI rahevA pAmyuM bhAratIya itihAsanA paTa para aneka rAjavaMzIo hatuM tenA samaya paratvene ja taphAvata che. temanA mata thaI gayA che. paraMtu A zatavahanavaMzIomAM kayo pramANe nahapANanA samaya bAda eTale I. sa. pU. rAjA keTalAmo haze ane tene 114nA arasAmAM amarAvatI nagare rAjagAdI laI rAjAonI oLa- ane bIjAne zo saMbaMdha haze te javAmAM AvI hatI jyAre ApaNA mate mahAnaMdanA khamAM paDatI zodhI kADhavuM jeTaluM muzkela banI samaye I. sa. pU. 415nA arasAmAM ke chevaTe samrATa muzakelIo rahyuM che teTaluM koI anyavaMzI biMdusAranA rAjya amale I. sa. pU. 347nI vize rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM banyuM nathI. AsapAsanA samayathI temanI gAdI A sthAne tenAM be traNa mukhya kAraNa che. AvyAnuM samajAyuM che. A be mAnyatAmAM kaI eka te A rAjAoe je zilAlekho kotarAvyA vizeSa vajanadAra che te viSaya atyAre asthAne che. che ke sikkAo banAvarAvyA che temAM sarvee pitAnuM paraMtu AgaLa upara, AMdhrapationuM vRttAMta lakhatI vyaktiyukta nAma ja Apela nathI. jyAM juo tyAM, vakhate tenI carcA jarUra karavAmAM Avaze. potAnI janetAnA gotranI ja mAtra oLakha ApIne have savAla e rahe che ke, varasula rAjanagara ane bahu te te sAthe pitAnA vaMzanI oLakha je hatuM ke amarAvatI u benAtaTanagara rAjapATa hatuM. zatavahana ke zAtakaraNi tarIke seMdhAI che te zabdanA banAM sthAna jotAM banne te kArya mATe lAyaka che. nAmano ullekha karI batAvIne ApI che; jemake varaMgulanI tarapheNa ke virUddha janArI koI dalIla ke gautamIputra yajJazrI, vaziSThaputra yajJazrI, I. I. athavA purAvA amArI pAse nathI eTale te bAbatamAM vizeSa tethI vizeSa oLakha kayAMka apAI hoya te gautamIputra belavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. yajJazrI zAtakaraNI; jyAre raDavAkhaDayA ekAda be | vijayanagara bAbatamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, AMdha kissAmAM teoe pitAnI oLakha ApavA mATe kaIka sAmrAjyanI jyArathI paDatI AvavA mAMDI hatI-- prakAranuM upanAma ke birUda joDI batAvyuM che, jemake eTale ke avaMtipati cavhaNa ane tenA pautra rUdradAmane viviyakurasa ane pulumAvI zItakaraNi. paraMtu A AMdhrapatio pAsethI dakSiNano ghaNo bhAga chatI vAcakavRMda samajI zakaze ke, 35-40 jeTalAM purUSane lIdho hato tyArathI, eTale ke te vaMzanA sattAvIzamAM AvAM sAmAnya vizeSaNo ke zabdo vaDe ekabIjAthI nRpati pramAvI trIjAnA samayathI ane I. sa. 143 nizcayapaNe pArakhI kADhavA atikaThina kArya che. A

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caturtha paricacheda ] rAjAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelIo vize [ 75 pramANenI oLakhaprathAmAM, muzkelInuM eka mukhya kAraNa lagabhaga barAbara hovA chatAM, tenuM joDANa karavAmAM che. bIjuM kAraNa, temanA samasamayI je anya vya- AgaLa pAchaLano saMbaMdha vicArAyA vinA ja cakAM ktio anya pradeza upara rAjakartA hovAnuM jaNAvAyuM besArI devAyuM hoya che. jemake rUdradAmane pitAnI che temanA samaya paratve kAMI nizcita thaI zakAyuM nathI; putrIne zAtakaraNI rAjAne paraNuMvI hatI. A vAta te che; jemake nahapANa, rUSabhadeva vageree je zAta- kevI rIte mULamAM pAyA vinAnI ja heIne hAsyAspada karaNI sAthe yuddha khelyAM che temanA samayano AMka banI rahela che te ApaNe pu. 4 pR. 212-13 mAM 40 thI 46 mAtra jaNAvAya che. paraMtu te kayo saMvata samajAvI gayA chIe tathA pariccheda 5mAM lekha naM. che tenuM dhoraNa nakkI karAyuM nathI. ka95nAthI goThavI 17 mAM samajAvAze eTale vizeSa vivecananI atra jarUra lIdhuM che ke te zaka saMvata haze jethI tene I. sa. rahetI nathI. 7840 i. sa. 118 nA arasAna gaNI kADhayo upara pramANe mukhya lekhI zakAya tevAM traNa che. jyAre kharI rIte tene samaya (juo . 3 mAM kAraNomAMnuM ekAda, to te vaMzanA rAjAoe ja pUrepUruM nahapANanuM vRttAMta) I. sa. pU. 114 che eTale ke, spaSTIkaraNa karI batAveluM nahIM hovAne pariNAme kalpanAthI goThavela samaya karatAM lagabhaga savAbase banavA pAmyuM che, jyAre bIjA be, cUnAdhikapaNe aDhI varSa pUrvene che. te ja pramANe cakkaNa ane saMzodhana karatAM ApaNe batAvelI utAvaLane lIdhe khAravelanA samaya paratve banyuM che. cakkaNa sAthe temaja vaidika ane zrAddha sAhityane ja AdhAra laIne joDAyala AMka 42-5ra ane tenA pautra rUdradAmana ApaNe AgaLa vadhye gayA chIe paraMtu te samayanuM sAthe eka kara che. tene paNa zaka saMvata mAnI laI trIjuM sAhitya-jaina hatuM tenI kevaLa avagaNanA ja 78+4=I. sa. 120 ne kALa hovAnI gaNatrI karI rahyA chIe tene lIdhe banavA pAmyAM che. A karAvAI che, jyAre kharI rIte teno samaya 103+4= kathananI satyatA te rAjAonAM sikkAcitro uparathI I. sa. 145 no che (juo pu. 4). tevI ja rIte ApaNane maLI Ave che. jemake vasatazrI zAtakaraNI, khAravelanI bAbatamAM paNa banavA pAmyuM che. te te viliyakura zAtakaraNI, mADharaputra zAtakaraNI, cUTakAbRhaspatimitra ane rAjA zrImukhano samakAlIna hevA naMda ane mULAnaMda I. nA sikkAo jotAMveMta temane chatAM, A bRhaspatimitranI oLakhane kyAMya patto prAcIna samayanA havAnuM dekhAya che chatAM kalpI kADhela na lAgavAthI, bRhaspati te puSyanakSatranuM bIjuM nAma samayanI gaNatrI sAthe meLavavA jatAM te sarva asaMgata che, mATe bRhaspatimitra te puSyamitra che ema TharAvI, jaNAyuM che. paraMtu jaina sAhityanI madada levAthI ame zaMgavaMzI puSyamitrano samaya je I. sa. pU. 180 te kevaLa itihAsakAra ane lekhaka tarIkenI niSpakSaAsapAsane che. te A khAravelano ane zrImukhano vRttithI ja kAma lIdhe gayA chIe, chatAM pUrvabaddha TharAvAyo che. paraMtu A kalpanA kaTale darajaje bhramaNA- vicAronA abhyAsIone pitAnA pUrvagraha hevAne janaka che te puSyamitra (juo pu. 3) ane khAravelanAM badale temAM jainadharma pratye amAruM pakSapAtapaNuM dekhAyuM vRttAMta (Ao pR. 4) ApaNe sAbita karI batAvyuM che. je sthiti sAbita thAya te kharI amane te mATe che. matalaba ke khAravelano samaya I. sa. pU. 4ra9no aphasosa ke dilagIrI upajatI nathI. amAre te che. A uparathI jaNAze ke tenA samayanI bAbatamAM pharaja ja bajAvye javAnI che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che paNa lagabhaga aDhI varSanI bhUla karavAmAM AvI che. ke jyAre sarva kathanane cAre taraphathI vicArI jotAM je A pramANe muzkelInuM bIjuM kAraNuM thayuM. tyAre trIjI amuka anumAna upara atyAre avAya che te bhale kAraNa zilAlekhenA ukelamAM thatI galatInuM che. A atyAranI sthitimAM anumAna rUpe ja gaNAtA rahe kAraNa svabhAvika che. paraMtu keTalIka vakhata te ukela chatAM kALa gaye te nizcayarUpe ane kharI hakIkata

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76 ] mAtaMgotranI oLakhathI maLelI sahAya [ aSTama khaMDa rUpe ja TakI raheze ema amAruM aMtaHkaraNa kahe che. nAganikA pAsethI-teNInA sagIra putra taraphathI jyAre jAma uparanA pArigrAphamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, zAtakaraNI te rAja calAvI rahI hatI tyAre-rAjya khUMcavI laIne rAjAoe potAne mukhyapaNe mAtRgotrathI oLakhAvela pote gAdIpati banI beTho hato. A hakIkatathI spaSTa hovAthI temane ekabIjAthI thayuM ke, yajJazrI jyAre gautamIputra che tyAre tene pitA mAgetranI e- tAravI kADhavAmAM ApaNane ghaNI jenuM nAma rAjA zrImukha che te tathA tene kAke ane L. LakhathI maLelI muzkelIo anubhavavI paDe che. zrImukha bhAI rAjAzrIkRSNa, caitamIputra na ja hAI sahAya chatAM temAMthI je amuka siddhAMta zake. temaja rANI nA nikAno putra vasatazrI paNa kA upajAvI kaDhAya ane te siddhAMtane gautamIputra na ja hoI zake, ane A rAjA zrIkRSNa AzrayIne kAma levAmAM Ave che, mAtRgotranI oLakha tathA vaddasatazrI pitAne (juo temanA sikkAo paNa keTaleka aMze ApaNane ApaNuM kAryamAM madadarUpa pu. 2) vasiSThaputra tarIke jaNAve che eTale ApaNuM nIvaDI zake ema dekhAI AvyA vinA rahetuM nathI. siddhAMtane anusarIne te vAjabI Thare che. A ja atra te kevI rIte banavA pAmyuM che te hakIkata, niyamAnusAra nikaTasamayI gautamIputrono ane tyAre gotrano prazna upasthita thayo che tyAre sAthe sAthe vasiSThaputrono sagapaNuM saMbaMdha joDI kADhavAmAM atyAre, vicArI laIe. ApaNe phaLIbhUta thaI zakIe evI AzA jema vartamAnakALe banatuM Ave che tema prAcIna uddabhave che. ane kahetAM khuzI upaje che ke te pramANe samaye paNa e niyama paLAto hate ema spaSTa thAya vartavAthI aneka ThekANe gUcane nikAla karI zakAya che, ke eka purUSa pitAnA gotranI kanyA sAthe lagna paNa che ja. tenAM dRSTAMtamAM naM. 16, 17 tathA 18 granthIthI joDAtA nahIM. eTale ke vasiSThagotrI purUSa rAjAone, temaja naM. 24 ane 26mA rAjAone hoya te vasiSTagotrI kanyAne paraNato nahIM; jethI te paraspara saMbaMdha ane temanA rAjyAnuzAsanane anukrama rANInA peTe thayela saMtAna pitAne vasiSThaputra kahI goThavavAmAM thaI paDela anukuLatA kahI zakAze. na ja zake. matalaba e thaI ke pitA ane putra je uparamAM joI gayA chIe ke, A vazane sthApaka pitAne mAtRgotranI oLakha ApIne saMbodhavA rAjA zrImukha, te magadhapati naMdabIjAnI zukrANI peTe IcchatA hoya te te bane moTebhAge eka ja gotra janmela putra hatA. paraMtu rAjasaMbhavI na zake. eTale ke jo pitA vasiSThaputra heya dhArmika krAMti dvArA kAraNasara tene magadhapati te teno putra banatAM sudhI vasiSThaputra sivAyano ja thavAne hakka chInavI levAtAM hoI zake, pachI bhale te maitamIputra hoya ke mArI putra rUsaNA laI te pitAnA nAnAbhAI ne laIne dakSiNa hoya tene bAdha AvI zakatuM nathI. A eka tarapha cAlI nIkaLyo hate. naMdavaMzI rAjAe jainasiddhAMta thayo. matAnuyAyI hatA eTale A zrImukha paNa te ja dharma - A siddhAMtane lakSamAM rAkhIne keTalIye sthitino pALatA hoya ema mAnI levAmAM kAMI ayukta kahevAze ukela5 lAvI zakAya che. jemake,-ema kahevAyuM che ke nahi. vaLI tenA sikkAcihna uparathI sAbita thAya che (paMcama paricchede lekha na. 1nuM varNana) rANI nAganikAne ke te jainadharma ja pALatA hatA. A pramANe eka pati gautamIputra yAthI hato ane A gautamIputra sthiti thaI. vaLI pairANika graMthonA AdhAre jANavAmAM thAkInA kAkAnuM nAma kRSNa hatuM ke jeNe rANI Ave che ke, A vaMzanA amuka rAjAonA (Ao (15) pu. 2 pR. 12 TIka naM. 43 mAM buddha bhagavAna prazna carcavAmAM Avyo che tenI sarakhAmaNI kare. ne gautamabuddha zAmATe kahevAmAM AvyA che tene lagate

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caturtha paricheda ] dhAmika krAMti . 7nuM vRttAMta) samaye, jyAre mahAbhASyakAra pataMjalI nahi hatI e puravAra thaI jAya che. matalaba e thaI mahAzaya thayA hatA tyAre teo vaidika matAnuyAyI thayo ke, prathamanA sAte rAjA jainadharmAnuyAyI ja hatA eTale hatA; temaja bIjI hakIkata ema paNa jAhera thaI A sAtamA rAjAnA samaye jyAre bhagavAna pataMjalIne che ke, uparanA banAva banyA pachI keTaleka kALe A udaya thaye che tyAre ja teNe dharmane palaTo karyo zatavahanavaMzamAM eka rAjA thayo hato ke jeNe vaidika ho ema mAnI levuM rahe che. te mATe nIce pramANe dharma aMgIkAra karI, zakazAlivAhana nAmano saMvata saMyege vahetA hovAnuM ka9pI zakAya che. ' pravartAvavA mAMDayo hato, A hakIkata jo yathArtha hoya A sAtamA AMdhrapatinA jIvana vRtAMtathI (juo te-je ke A rAjAonA sikkAo je je prakA AgaLa upara) sAbIta thAya che ke te ati vicilaNa zamAM AvyA che tathA temane ukela je prakAre karI svabhAvanA ane mahatvAkAMkSA dharAvatA rAjavI hatA, zakAya che. ke karI zakIe chIe te jotAM, tene puSTi vaLI bahu ja nAnI vaye gAdI prApta thavAthI lagabhaga maLatI hoya evuM dekhAtuM nathI chatAM paurANika graMthomAM 55-56 varSa paryata rAjya bhogavavA te bhAgyazALI varNavAyelI aneka aitihAsika binAe satya hovAnuM thayo che. A vaccenA gALAmAM, tenI juvAnIno kALa, ApaNe vAraMvAra jotA ane puravAra karatA AvyA ke je vakhate manuSyane sAmAnyapaNe unmAdanuM ghena chIe, te sthiti lakSamAM letAM, A dharma palaTAnI caDI Ave che te gaddhApacIsIne samaya, tene magadhahakIkatane paNa satya na hovAnuM mAnavAne kAraNa nathI. pati samrATa priyadarzinanA mAMDaLikapaNamAM gALavo pAyo eTale-jarUra mAnavuM ja rahe che ke, A rAjAoe hate. samrATa priyadarzane ubhA karAvela zilAlekhathI pitAne bApIke dharma jaina saMpradAyano hato temAM be suvidita thAya che ke, pitAnI hakumatanA sarva pradezanI vakhata palaTa karyo hato. eka pataMjalI bhagavAnanA samaye raiyata, svadharmanAM vidhividhAna ane anuSkAne koI ane bIjo zakapravartaka rAjA zAlivAhananA samaye; paNa jAtanA aMtarAya vinA pALatI rahe tenI khAsa atra ApaNe have e tapAsavuM rahe che ke, A pramANe kALajI teNe batAvyA karI che, eTaluM ja nahi. sthiti kema thavA pAmI hatI. paraMtu je koI dharmapalaTo karI pitAnA jainadharmamAM maLI AvatA sikkAonA AdhAre AMdhrabhUtyA AvavA tatpara hoya tene Aste Aste te dharmamAM BNa ane svataMtrapaNe vartatA AMdhrapati kaNa te daDha karavAne, prayatna AdarI dharmasahiSNutA paNuM batAvI darzAvanAra je kaTho ApaNe pR. 66 upara joDayo che. eTale priyadarzinanuM maraNa thatAM sudhI-A samaye . che tethI joI zakIe chIe ke, prathamanA sAta sAtamA AMdhrapatine gAdIe AvyAM 45 varSa vItI rAjAomAMthI, pahelo, bIjo, ane pAMca-e traNa gayAM hatAM, tyAMsudhI zAtakaraNI rAjAne dharma saMbaMdhamAM rAjA pitAnA AkhAye rAjaamala daramiyAna tadana UMcA nIcA thavAne kAMI kAraNa maLyuM na hatuM. paraMtu svataMtra ja hatA jyAre bAkInA cAra-trIje, cothe, tenI sAhasika vRttine lIdhe, manamAM evA vicAra AvyA chaThTho ane sAtama-thoDo vakhata svataMtra ane thoDo karatA hatA ke, zuM mahArAjA priyadarzina prajAvAtsalya vakhata mAMDaLikapaNe rahyA che; ane je mAMDaLikapaNuM batAvI dharmasahiSNutAthI kAma laine sarva prajAne temane zire ceTiyuM che te paNa magadhapati naMdavaMzI- potAnA dharmamAM laI zake che. te sivAya prajAne mauryavaMzIonuM. A banne vaMzanA samrATo raMjIta karavAnA anya rastA nahIM ja hoya ? temaja paNa jainadharmija hatA, eTale mAMDaLikane pitAnA zuM A ekalA jainadharmamAM ja tevI zakti bharelI sArvabhaumarAjAone dharma svIkAravo paDato hate athavA che ane bIjA dharmamAM tevuM kAMI nahi heya? A svIkAra paDe tevo niyama kabUla rAkhIe te paNa pramANenA vicAre tenA manamAM ghoLAyA karatA hatA. teone svIkRta dharmane palaTa karavAnI jarUra paDI A samaye samasta bhAratavarSamAM be ja dharmane pracAra

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78 ] dhArmika krAMti thai rahyA hatA, eka jaina ane bIjo vaidika, trIjo bauddhadharma hatA kharA, parantu tenA anuyAyI bahu jIja hatA11, kemake samrATa biMdusAranA samaya sudhI rAjadharma jaina hatA. paNa tenI pAchaLa azeAkavardhana gAdIe AvatAM, teNe khApIkA dharma badalIne bauddha dharma aMgIkAra karyA hatA, eTale tenA rAja amala daramyAna ja mAtra bauddhadharmanA pracAra ThIkaThIka thavA pAmyA hatA. paraMtu tenA maraNa bAda priyadarzite gAdIe esIne pAchA peAtAnA vaMzaparaMparAnA jainadharmanI eTalI te| moTA pramANamAM udghASaNA gajAvI mUkI. hatI ke, bahumata teA zuM, paNa prAcIna samayathI cAlyA AvatA vaidikamata paNu ekavAra teA zUnyavata 17 banI gayA hatA. temAM paNu bauddhamatane, rANI tiSyarakSitAnA kaluSita ane kalaMkita jIvanathI je phaTakA paDayA hatA te, prajAnA manamAM tAjo ramI rahyA hatA eTale tenA dharmAcAryAe moTAbhAge bhAratadezane thADA samaya mATe te rAmarAma ja karavA paDayA hatA. jethI rAjA zAtakaraNIne potAnI dharmA- kAMkSAne sateja karI pASavI rahetI ja hoya teA "kevaLa vaidika mata tarapha ja najara dADAvavAnuM rahetuM hatuM. A dharmapracAranA prayAga AdaravAmAM ane tene sAMgApAMga utaravAmAM jo krAi dharmopadezakanI sahAya levI paDe tA te pAte paNa kAI rIte gAMjyuM| na jAya tevA, temaja paDakhe ubhA rahenAranuM vahANa bharadariye jhUkAvI mUkI dai rakhaDAvI mUke tevA, paNu na ja heAvA joie. AvA prakAranI eka vyakti tenA rAjyamAMthI tene sAMpaDI gaI. A vyaktinuM nAma itihAsamAM mahAbhASyakAra bhagavAna pataMjalI tarIke ja amarapaNe nAMdhAI gayuM che. A pramANe sAnuM ane sugaMdha maLyAM tA kharAM, paNa jyAM sudhI prayAga karavAnA yoga prApta ja (16) arvAcIna itihAsakAronI je ema mAnyatA 'dhAI che ke baudharmAM ja pracalitapaNe vistaryA hatA te bhUla che; kemake temanuM je matanya baMdhAyuM che te samrATa aza|nA zilAlekhA ane temAMthI niSNane ALekhela tenA jIvanavRttAMta uparathI; paNa jayAre te zilAlekhA samrATa priyadani urphe rAjA sa'pratinA ane jainadharmAMnA heAvAnuM [ aThThama khaMDa na thAya tyAMsudhI vicArI rAkhelA aneka prayatnA vize niSphaLatAnAM vAdaLA paNa caDI Ave. A arasAmAM mahArAja priyadarzinanuM maraNu nIpajyuM (I. sa. pU. 236) ane AMdhrapati zAtakaraNIne sarva daravAjA meAkaLA thayA. teNe pataMjalI mahAzayane rAjapurAhitapade sthApI dIdhA ane temanI sahAyathI vaikimatanA pracAra dakSiNa hiMdamAM-potAnI raiyatamAM ekadama karavA mAMDayA. sAthe sAthe te dharmanAM anuSThAneAne paNa rAjadarabAramAM baDI dhAmadhUmathI karAvavA lAgyA. temanuM prathama kAya azvamedhayajJa karavAnuM hatuM ke jethI dezaparadezamAM peAtAnI kIrti prasare temaja pAte cakravartI jevA prakhaLa pratApI che tenI udbhASaNA paNa thaI jAya. AthI karIne azvamedhayana ke jemAM aneka pazuenAM jIvananAM balidAna devAya che tevI prANIhiMsA, je I. sa. pU. 600nA saikAmAM brAhmaNupaDitA sakaLahiMdamAM sarva pradezanA kSatriya rAjA pAse vijayaprAptinA prasaMgeAe mukhyapaNe karAvatA hatA ane jenI kamakamATI varNavI jAya tevI na heAvAthI, zrImahAvIra ane zrImuhRdeva nAme e dharmapravartakAe te yajJA baMdha karAvavA mATe pAtAnuM AkhuM jIvana tanatADa mahenata karI kamarakasI suyaza meLavyeA hatA, te baMdha paDela yajJA pAchA rahI rahIne sADAtraNase| varSe sajIvana thavA pAmyA hatA. A pramANe te pAtAnI hakumatamAM-dakSiNa hiMdamAM chUTe hAthe ane edhaDakapaNe vaidikamatane pracAra karyo jatA hatA teTalAmAM uttara hiMdamAM paNa tene mATe anukULa kSetra ughaDI paDayuM. mahArAjA priyadarzinanI pAchaLa tenA jyeSTha putra vRSabhasena atipati thayeA hateA. teNe peAtAnA pitAnA rAjaamala daramiyAna, hiMdanI pazcime Avela agAnistAna ane balucistAnavALA prAMtA upara sAbita thaI rahe che, tyAre te sa` mAnyatAnA palaTA ja karavA paDaze. AthI karIne bauddhadharmInA nuja anucAyI hatA tevA zabdo atyAre lakhavA paDayA che. vaLI nIcenI TIkA naM. 17nuM lakhANa tathA pu. 4, pR. 157mAM hiM, hiM, 702-3 vALu' ApeluM avataraNa sarakhAvA. (17) uparanI DhIkA na'. 16 vAMcA.

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caturtha pariccheda ]. dhArmika kAMti [ 78 sUkhApaNe vahIvaTa calAvyo hato (juo pu. 3). tyAMnI vaLI te avaMtipati Aghe pAcho thaI mAthuM ucakavA prajA sAthenA sahavAsamAM ghaNuM varSe gALela hovAthI jevuM na kare mATe, pitAnA sAgarita ane dharmAnuyAyI te jalada prakatino ane ugra svabhAvano banI gayo puSyamitra nAmanA brAhmaNane, 19 arvatinA sainyapati hato. eTale gAdIe besatAM veta. pitAnA pitAnI tarIke niyata karato Avyo. uparAMta sarvanI Toce caDe mAphaka potAnI prajAne dharmanA aMkuza taLe rAkhavAnI tevuM bIjuM kArya e karyuM ke, avaMtimAM ja teNe bIjo ane temane cAha meLavavAnI utkaMThA ane ulaTamAM azvamegha yajJa karyAra0 tathA te sthAne eka vijayateNe dharmadhapaNuM dhAraNa karI lIdhuM hatuM ane rAja- staMbha ubho karI te saghaLuM kharca tyAMnI prajA pAsethI sattAno upayoga karI trAsa vartAvavA paNa mAMDayo vasula karyuM. 21 A pramANe pitAnA svabhAvanuM kahe, hatA. jethI prajA uzkerAI gaI hatI. bIjI bAju ke dharmAbhimAnane kaho ke pite. je prayoga Adaryo tenA bhAIbhAMDuomAM ane kuTuMbIomAM paNa tenA hatA tenI saphaLatAnI khumArInuM kahe, paNa tenuM svabhAvane lIdhe vikhavAde praveza karyo hato jenA digdarzana sarvaprajAne karAvyuM. te bAda potAnA jIvatarane pariNAme temanAmAM tIvra kusaMpa jAmI gayo hato ane dhanya mAnate pukita hRdaye, ane uchaLatI chAtIe, jema jema taka maLatI gaI tema tema teo potAnI sattA abhimAnapUrvaka svadeza tarapha pAcho vaLyo hato. paraMtu taLenA mulake pacAvI svataMtra thavA maMDayA hatA. Ama varSa deDha varSamAM ja pote kALanA mukhamAM jhaDapAIne bevaDI trevaDI kSati lAgu paDavAthI, je mauryana sAmrAjyanI adazya thaI gayo. * mahArAjA priyadarzinanA samaye hAkala vAgI rahI hatI A prakAre prathama dharmakrAMtino AraMbha sAtamAM teja sAmrAjyanI kevaLa pAMca sAta varSanI avadhimAM rAjAnA adhikAra thaye hato. AdaryA adhUrAM kema ekadama paDatI dazA AvI gaI. prAsaMgika rIte prApta rakhAya; ne rahe te eTale kAcA kahevAya ne ! rAjA thayela AvI senerI takane lAbha rAjA zAtakaraNIe zAtakaraNi je pAtAnA jamaNA hAtha samAna hato tarata ja lIdhe ane avaMti upara caDAI karI. rAjA tenA maraNathI purohita paMtajalI pite ekalavAyA vRSabhasena marAyo. tenI jagyAe tenA bhAIne gAdIe jevA thaI gayA. paraMtu uparokta ukti anusAra esArI, je avaMtino pote mAMDaLika hato te ja hiMmata hAre tevA nahotA. eTale temaNe bIjA rAjAne avaMtipatine pitAno mAMDaLika banAvyA.18 A paNa sahAyaka tarIke dhAravAnI vicAraNA karavA mAMDI. samayanI eka balIhArI ane vicitratA ja kahevAya ne! Avo rAjA, zAtakaraNInA gAdI vArasa karatAM temanA (18) A samaya sudhI akaeNkita bhAvanAnuM prAbalya had Satkarni proclaimed his suzerainty by the cAlatuM hatuM ema samajAya che. nahIM to teNe potAnA performance of the horse-sacrifice; and on sAmrAjyamAM te mUlaka meLavI lIdhuM hota. one of these occasions at least, the victory (19) puSpamitranuM janmasthAna je dakSiNa hiMdamAM pataM thus celebrated must have been at the jalI mahAzayanA janmasthAnavALA ane paiThaNa pAsenA expense of the sungas=samajAya che ke A azvamegha godAvarI nadInA muLa tarIke gaNAtA pradezamAM gaNAya che te cA karIne zAtakaraNae be vakhata pitAnuM sArvabhaumapaNuM vastu A hakIkatanI khAtrI Ape che. AthI siddha thAya che. jAhera karyuM hatuM. ane temAMthI kamatImAM kamatI eka vakhate ke; vaidikamatano punarUddhAra godAvarI nadInA pradezamAMthI thayo che. to sarva kharca IMgavaMza pAsethI lIdhuM dekhAya che. [ amAruM - A pradezane dakSiNagauDa-goDa-gAna kahe che, jyAre TippaNa-kharI rIte zuMgavaMzI te kevaLa karatA kAravatI ja bihAramAM Avela pAlavaMzI rAjAonA mulakane pUrvagauDa vyakti hatI bAkI rAja karatA te mauryavaMzI ja hatA.] kahevAya che (juo pu. 2. 5. 7ranI hakIkata).. () A hakIkatanI pratIti te vijayastaMbhanA zilA(20) c.HI. pp. 530-1:Twice it appears lekha uparathI maLe che.

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80 ] dhArmika kAMti [ aSTama khaMDa manathI avaMtino senApati puSyamitra vadhAre kiMmatI keTalIka peDhI sudhI UMDAM javA pAmyAM hatAM: A lAgyo. e kAraNathI, eka to sainyapati eTale sattA pramANe eka sthiti thaI. bIjI bAju ema jaNAyuM dhikArathI kAma levAno prasaMga prApta thAya che te kArya che ke, (juo pR. 39 uparanI nAmAvalI) A paNa karI zake ane bIjuM e ke, avaMtinuM sthAna vaMzanA 24 mA rAjA (bIjI gaNatrIe 26mAM rAjA) te samaye hiMdanA sArvabhAmatvanuM ziromaNI gaNAtuM. gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe vaidikamata aMgIkAra karI vaLI puSyamitra potAnA bALasakhA jevo hato, eTale pitAno zaka pravartAvyo hato (AgaLa upara tenuM pataMjalI mahAzaye sthAnAMtara karI pratiSThAnapurathI avaM- vRttAMta juo), eTale ema sAbita thAya che ke, A timAM nivAsasthAne sthAyuM. krame krame puSyamitra, tenA putra zatavahanavaMzI rAjAo je mULe jainadharmI hatA, temanA agnimitra ane pataMjalInI tripuTIe, mairyavaMzI sAtamAM rAjAe dharmapalaTo karI vaidikamata svIkAryo nAmadhArI samrATa upara kAbU meLavI, rAjasUtro hAtha hatuM. temAM pAchA pheraphAra thaIne vacagALAnA je karI, tenA aMtIma rAjA bahadurathanuM kevI rIte kAsaLa 17 rAjA thayA hatA. (26-7=19 ane bIjI gaNakADhI nAMkhyuM te sarva jANItI vAta che (juo pu. trIe 23-7=16) temAMnA keIkathI pAchA jainadharma 7, prathama pariccheda). te bAda be azvamedha karavAmAM svIkArI levAyo hato. A pheraphAra kyAre, kenA AvyA hatA (A badhA mATe pu. 3mAM agnimitranuM vakhatamAM ane zA kAraNe thavA pAmyo hato te ApaNe vRttAMta juo). A pramANe prathama dharmakrAMtinuM svarUpa tapAsavuM rahe che. jANavuM. pu. 3 pR. 113-14mAM zuMgavaMzI rAjA baLaprathamanI dharmakrAntino AraMbha dakSiNa hiMdamAM mitra bhAnumitranuM jIvanavRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che zAtakaraNi rAjAnA samaye thayo hato paraMtu tene ke tene bhANeja baLabhAnu je vaidikamatAnuyAyI hatA. pracAra, vistAra, sthiti ane purabahAra te zuMgavaMzI tene tenA saMsArI pakSe thatA mAmA evA kAlikaamala taLe avaMtinA pradezamAM ja thayo hato ema sUri 22 ke jeo jananA eka mahAyuga pradhAna jevA kahI zakAze. ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke, puSyamitra hatA, temaNe svahaste dIkSA ApI jainamuni banAvyA ane pataMjali bannenAM janmasthAna dakSiNa hiMdamAM hatA. A katyathI rAjA bhAnumitre pitAnA mAmA hatAM paraMtu saMyogavazAta uttara hiMdamAM temanuM sthA- kAlikasUri upara khUba krodhita thaIne, varSARtunuM nAMtara thayuM hatuM jyAre temanI lAgavaga tathA sagapaNa cAturmAsa hovA chatAM, temane te samaye avaMti pradezanI saMbaMdha (pu. 3. pR. 109nI hakIkata ) dakSiNamAMnA hada choDI devAno hukama pharamAvyo hato. jethI A, hAIne vaidika dharmano pracAra tyAM paNa cAlu ja rahyo jainAcArye dakSiNane pratiSThAnapUre jaI sthiti karI hatA. tema zAtakaraNe sAtamo rAjA pote vaidikamatAnu hatI. je samaye tyAM rahyA te daramyAna, pitAnI vidvatAthI thAyI thayA bAda tenA vaMzajo paNa te ja dharmamAM rakta tathA aneka sadaguNothI tyAMnA rAjA prajAnAM thaI gayA hatA eTale tyAMnI prajAmAM te dharmanAM mULa mane AkarSI lIdhAM hatAM ane temane jainadhamAM banAvyAM (22) A kAlisUrinI paTTAvaLI jainamatamAM nIce pramANe nIkaLe che. zrImahAvIranI (9) mATe Arya mahAgiri ane (10) mIpATe Arya suhasticha (je samrATa priyadarzina urphe saMpratinA dharmagurU hatA. ma. saM. 246 thI 292, I. sa, pU. 281thI 235 sudhI=46 varasa. temanAmAMthI judI zAkhAmAM (11) guNasuMdarasuri ma. saM. 21-335 I. sa. pU. (236-192)=44 (12) kAlikasUri uphe zyAmAcArya ma. sa. 335thI 376=41 varSa (i. sa. pU. 192thI 151) keTalAkanA mate ma. saM.386 ane 396 sudhI temane samaya gaNAya che.

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pariNAma caturtha pariccheda ] dhAmika krAMti [ 81 hatAM. A hakIkata sAhityamAM khUba jANItI che. dharma rAjyadharma tarIke jAherajalAlI bhogavI lIdhI che, teno samaya3 ma. sa. 35=I. sa. pU. 15ra gaNAya jyAre samayanI gaNatrIe AkhA zatavahanavaMzanA 675 che. te samaye (pR. 40nI nAmAvaLI jotAM) AMka naM. varSanA gALAmAMthI (I. sa. pU. 4rathI I. sa. 261 agiyAravALA paiThaNapati medasvAti pahelAnI ANa sudhInA)-jainadharme banne vakhata maLIne lagabhaga 425 vartI rahI hatI. eTale phaLItArtha e thayo ke naM. 7 thI varSanuM ane bAkInA 250 varSa sudhInuM vaidika dharmo naM. 11vALA rAjAnA samaya sudhI zatavahanavaMzI mane bhagaLyuM kahI zakAya. rAjAo vaidikamatAnuyAyI banI rahyA hatA. ane A AgaLanA pArigrAphamAM joI gayA pramANe agiyAramA rAjAthI mAMDIne 23 mA rAjA gautamIputra A dharmakrAMtine uddabhava che ke dakSiNa hiMdamAM ane zAtakaraNIe pAche jyArathI vaidikamata svIkArI zaka rAjA zAtakaraNInA adhikArapravartAvyo, tyAMsudhInA bAra rAjAoe jainadharma dharmakAMtinuM pradezamAM thayo hato. paraMtu tenA pALyo hato ema svIkAravuM paDaze. A sthiti temanA utpAdakanAM sthaLAMtara, lAgavaga, sikkAo (juo pu. 2 mAM sikkAcitro) uparathI sattAdhikAra ane kuTuMba saMbaMdhane sAbIta thAya che temaja temanA jIvanavRttAMta (juo lIdhe uttara hiMdamAM paNa tene praveza thavA pAmyo AgaLa) uparathI paNa spaSTa thAya che. eTale te hato. temaja dakSiNahiMda ane uttarahiMdanA rAjapramANe satya vastusthiti pravartamAna hatI ema kabula kartAnA A baMne vaMzonI sattA eTalA bahoLA pramA- * rAkhavuM paDe che. mAM pharI vaLI hatI ke tenAM pariNAma sArA ne. 27vALA zivasvAti zAtakaraNInA samaye je bhAratavarSane zeSavAM paDayAM hatAM. eTale A krAMtinA dhArmika krAMti pAchI thavA pAmI hatI ane rAjadharma pariNAmanA varNanane AlekhavAno avakAza bhAratatarIke vaidikamatano svIkAra thayo hato. te sArIe ghaTanA dezanA ItihAsamAM aneka ThekANe maLI rahe chatAM te vibhatinA vaNIne lakhAvAnuM vadhAre yogya hoIne tene udbhava dakSiNamAM thayela hovAthI te dakSiNa atra ApaNe mulatavI rAkhIzuM. mAtra eTaluM ja pradeza upara sattA bhogavatA rAjyanA adhikAra samaye jaNAvavuM jarUrI che ke naM. 23 vALAnA adhikArathI ja tenuM Alekhana gya kahevAya. te gaNIe atre vaidikamatane je sthAna maLyuM hatuM ke, A vaMzanA tenuM varNana ApIzuM. aMta sudhI cAlu rahevA pAmyuM hatuM. | sAmAnya samajI zakAya tevuM che ke, jyAre dharmaAkhI carcAno sAra e thayo ke vaMzanI AdithI kAMti thAya che tyAre, pUrve thayelI sattAe dharmanAM je je naM. 7 sudhI eTale I. sa. pU. 42thI 230=e sadInA smArako-nAnAM yA meTAM, prasiddha ke aprasiddha ubhAM rAjyakALa sudhI jainadharmane rAjyadharma tarIke svI- kayAM hoya che te sarvene athavA to temAMnA moTAbhAgane kArAyo hato. te bAda naM. 10 sudhI vaidika dharmanuM navI jamAvatI sattA bhAMgI teDI vikRta karI nAMkhe jora jAmyuM hatuM. pAchuM na. 11 thI naM. 22 sudhI che athavA bane te tene vinAza karI nirmULa karavA Azare I. sa. pU. 16 thI I. sa. 78 sudhInA sudhI paNa taiyAra thaI jAya che. A siddhAMtAnusAra, savAbase varSa jainadharma paLAvA mAMDyo hato ane jyAre krAMtine samaya Avyo che tyAre eTale ke naM. naM. 23nA rAjyaamale pharI ekavAra vaidikamate unA, naM. 11 nA, ane naM. 23 nA rAjya amale, upara potAnI sattA jamAvI hatI te aMta sudhI cAlu rahI jaNAvelA prakAre, dharmasmArakAne sahana karavAne prasaMga hatI. A pramANe be vAra jenadharmo ane be vAra vaidika upasthita thaye hato ema svIkArI levuM paDaze. jayAM | (23) jue uparanI TI.naM. 22 11

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dha krAMtinuM pariNAma 86 ] sudhI khAce vaMzanA ItihAsa upara aMdhakAranA pALa patharAi rahyAM hatAM tyAMsudhI tA kAI prakAranI sthiti jANuvAmAM AvI zakI naheAtI. parantu jema jema ukela thatA jAya che te prakAza paDatA jAya che tema tema te vakhatanI sthitinuM bhAna thatuM dekhAya che. naM. 7 nA samaye kevI sthiti thavA pAmI hatI tene krAMika khyAla amane sAMpaDela che eTale atre tenuM ja varNana ApavAmAM Avaze. bAkInA be prasaMgAnuM myAna AApavAnuM kArya saMzASaka vidyAnA upara cheADIzuM. [ ekAdazama khaDa jevuM samrATanuM maraNa thayuM ke tenA svabhAve mAjA mUkI ane te kharA svarUpe pragaTI nIkaLyeA. te teNe svadeza karela prathama azvamedhathI ane tyArabAda karela ati uparanI caDAIthI tathA tyAM karela bIjA azvamedha yajJa I. che. kAryathI pratyakSa thAya che. paraMtu vizeSa svarUpamAM te kAMi kare te pUrve tene peAtAnI rAja- dhAnImAM pAchuM pharavuM paDayuM hatuM ne tevAmAM te te maraNa paNa pAmI gayA. vaLI tenA maraNa pachI bhagavAna pataMjalIe antimAM sthAnAMtara karyuM hatuM eTale dharmakrAMti karavAnuM bIDuM zuMgavaMzI samrATAe ja jhaDapI lIdhuM hAya ema dekhAya che. zuMgavaMzI amala antimAM thaye te pUrve mau vaMzI samrATa priyadarzine jainadharmanA ghotakarUpa, aneka kAryo karAvyAM hatAM te ApaNe pu.ramAM tenuM vRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. temAM mukhyapaNe zilAlekhA, staMbhalekhA, stUpe, pracaMDakAya mUrti, jainamaMdira, upAzrayeA, ane jAtajAtanI mUrti gaNI zakAze. A kAryamAM paNa mukhya vadhArUpa te mUrti ane maMdiza ja gaNAya kemake jo temanuM astitva rahevA devAmAM Ave to, te bhaviSyanI prajAne dAravaNIrUpa thai paDe. eTale zuMgavaMzI rAjAeAnA amalamAM, temAM ce. mukhyatve karIne samrATa agnimitre peAtAnI sattAnA pradezamAM, jyAM jyAM A vastuo joI tyAM tyAM tene nAza karavAnuM munAsakha dhAryuM. ane maMdirane toDI nAMkhI jarUra jaNAyA pramANe tenAM thoDAMka avazeSa| svadharmanAM devAlaye bAMdhavAnA upayeAgamAM paNa lIdhAM. uparAMta je mUrtio hatI tene sthAnabhraSTa ane khaMDita karI Ama tema cAre tarapha rajhaLatI rakhaDatI nAMkhI dIdhI. jyAre jainaprajAe svadharma rakSaNArthe maMdirAne upADI te| na zakAya parantu temAMnI mUrtione jyAM jyAM phAvyuM tyAM jamInamAM bhaMDArI dIdhI ane ma`zine khAlI ubhAM rahevAM darda, thatA julamathI acavA mATe te pradezanI hRda maDI hIjarata karI vALI. A uparathI samajAze ke mevADa ane zilAlekhamAM kAtarAyelI laDAInuM varNana tenA sAkSIrUpa che. Adi rAjA zrImukhathI mAMDIne TTAnA aMtasudhI jainadharma ja rAjadhama hatA ema teonA sIkkA uparathI spaSTa thAya che. temaja sAtamAnA 56 varSa jeTalA lAMbA kALamAMthI prathamanA 45 varSa ke jyAM sudhI, samrATa priyadarzinanA khaMDiyA tarIke te hatA tyAMsudhI, teNe paNa jainadharmAnuM vadhate oche aMze pAlana karyuM hAya ema saibhave che (jIe pu. 2mAM sikko, A. naM. 62) tyAra pachI tene dharmapalaTA karavAnuM zuM kAraNu maLyuM haze tenA patto lAgatA nathI. banavA joga che ke, jyArathI teNe dhAlI-jAgIDAnA zilAlekhavALA sthAne kaliMganI bhUmi upara samrATa priyadarzinanA hAthe hAra khAdhI ane tenA jevA jainadharmanA prakhara hiMmAyatI ane ajoDa samrATanA hAthe ja svasainyanI khAnAkharAbIra4 thatI dekhI, tyArathI rAjA zAtakaraNanA manamAM ThasI gayuM haze ke hiMsA ane ahiMsAnI pIsUkI tA, mAtra svArtha na sadhAye| ha|ya tyAMsudhI ja kAma karatI lAge che, bAkI rAjakAraNamAM tene bahu sthAna lAgatuM nathI. AvA vicArAne tenI mahatvAkAMkSArUpI svabhAvikavRttie ane ucharatI vayamAM vyavahAranA anubhavapaNuAnI khAmIe, vArisiMcana paNa kadAca karyuM haraze. parantu pote parAjita thayalahAvAthI ane visAnudivasa vadhAre ne vadhAre sattAzIla anya jatA priyadarzinanI sAme phrIne hathiyAra upADavA jevI sthitimAM na heAvAthI mUMge moDhe parAdhIna avasthA nibhAgye jatA hatA. (24) pu. 2mAM pR.312 varNana jue. dhaulInagauDAnA

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caturtha pariccheda ] dhamatinuM pariNAma [ 83 mALavAne pradeza ke je upara zuMgavaMzIonI sattA dIdhA che. chatAM staMbhalekha uparanI siMhAkRti te jainaja jAmI paDI hatI, tyAM kayA kAraNasara ke prAcIna dharmanA ja cihanarUpa hevAthI, tene utArI laI pheMkI samayanA jainamaMdira temaja akhaMDita jainamUrtie devAmAM AvI hatI. tevI ja rIte Tosa athavA maLI AvatAM nathI. paraMtu rAjaputAnAne pradeza- samAdhigrahe paNa ukhALIne jyAM suvarNamudrA, pataruM vartamAnakALane, jodhapura, jesalamIra ane bIkAnera ke rekha, dravyAdi saMgrahita dekhAyuM tyAMthI te sarva upADI rAjyavALo bhAga athavA aravallInA DuMgaranI lIdhuM. A kAraNathI avani pradezamAM Avela bhisA pazcima bhAga-ke jyAM puSyamitra-agnimitranI ane sAMcInA saMkhyAbaMdha stUpo lagabhaga jevI ne tevI hakamata nahotI, tyAM hajI paNa rAja saMprati-priya sthitimAM jaLavAI rahela najare paDe che. pustakadarzinanA banAvela purANa jaina maMdiranAM darzana thAya bhaMDAro hatA te bALI nAMkhyA hovA saMbhave che. A che. A kAraNane lIdhe ja mALavAnI bhUmimAM jyAM pramANe jainadharmanA ajIva athavA jaDacihanAnI bAda tyAM asthavyastha sthitimAM aneka khaMDita mUrtio sthiti thaI rahI hatI. jyAre sajIvamAM je sAdhugaNa maLI Ave che. pASANunI mUrtiomAMthI kAMI maLavAnuM kahevAya che temane paNa raMjADavAmAM pAchI pAnI rAkhI na hovAthI upara pramANe tenI dazA karI nAMkhI hatI nahatI. jevAM rAjya taraphanAM raMjADa ane damana dekhAvA jyAre raca ke suvarNanI pratimAo hatI tene gaLAvI lAgyAM ke keTaleya sAdhuguNa mALavAnI hada choDIne nAkhI tathA anya kiMmatI khajAne vecI nAMkhI AsapAsanA rAjaputAnA ane gujarAta-saurASTranAM dravya upArjana karI rAjakoSamAM padharAvI dIdhuM hatuM. Ama rAjyomAM Azraya levA utarI paDaye; ane je sthiratA karavAmAM be hetanI siddhi thaI hatI; eka dharmasmArakanuM karI rahyA hatA temano ziraccheda karI naMkhAyo eTale astitva mITAvI nAkhyuM kahevAya ane bIjuM vAraMvAranA sudhI ke jyAre raDo khaDayo bhikSuka paNuM hAtha yuddha ane azvamedha yajJo karavAthI dravyahAnI je thai nahoto lAge tyAre tero pITAvyo ke je koI hatI tenI khUTa De ghaNe aMze purAI paNa jAya. maMdira zramaNa-sAdhunuM mAthuM lAvI Apaze tene se suvarNa ane mUrtinI A dazA karI nAMkhI, paNa zilAlekha ane mahAra-dinAranuM inAma ApavAmAM Avaze. A staMbhalekhamAMthI kAMI prApti thavAnI na hovAthI temaja kAraNane lIdhe rAjA saMprati pachI lagabhaga doDhasoka lekhamAM sAmAnya upadezanAM to ja nirdiSTa thayela varSone 27 jainAcAryane itihAsa taddana aMdhakAramaya28 hovAthI, rAjanagaranI samIpe ane potAnI najaranI bhAse che. temaja anya pradezamAM je utarI paDyA sAmasAma hovA chatAM temane teNe aNusvastha rahevA hatA temAMnA keTalAye29 zAMti prAptinA nimitte koDa (25) vAlIara rAjayamAM Avela devagaDha pAsenAM ane ItihAsane badale ujavaLa itihAsa kema nathI kahetA te AburoDanAM khaMDiyare A samaya bAdanA kahI sakAze. zaMkAnA nivAraNamAM kahevuM paDaze ke, uparanA prasaMge priyatene samaya I. sa. nI pAMca, cha ke sAta sadIne dharAya che. darzinanI rAjanIti, je sarvadharma pratye sahiSNutA darzAva(26) pu. 3. 5. 97, 98. nArI hatI tenuM sucana kare che tathA priyadarzina ane tenA (27) juo pu. 3. pU. 83, 86nI TIkAo. pachInA samayanA 25-30 varSano citAra Ape che eTale te (28) eka sthiti yAda ApavAnI jarUra lAge che ke vakhatane ItihAsa jarUra ujavaLa che ja. paraMtu ApaNe aMdha saMprati rAnanA samaye, ane temanA dharmAcArya Arya. kAramaya je kahyo che te tenI pachI turtAmAM Avato samaya gaNasuhasticha tathA temanA ziSya supratibaddhanA amalanA vAno che. eTale ke priyadarzinanA ane suhastichanA maraNa pUrvArdhanA samaye, aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAo nIkaLI paDelI bAdaneja samajavo rahe che. dekhAya che te uparathI koinA manamAM zaMkA udabhavaze ke, (29) A vakhate mahAvIranI pATe suthita ane jyAM AvI sthiti pravatI rahI che, tyAM aMdhakAramaya supratibaddha nAmanA AcAryo hatA. temaNe paNa A pramANe

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84 ] dharmakrAMtinuM pariNAma [ ekAdazama khaMDa vAra sarimaMtranI upAsanA sAdhavA mAMDI hatI. te adhikAra jevA samuha dekhAI rahyA hatA. jethI te uparathI kaiDinya zAkhAnI utpatti thaI kahevAya che. sAmrAjyanI paDatI dazA dekhI, aMdara aMdara laDI rahelA eTale A kaDinya zabda je keTalAka70 zilAlekhamAM tevA nAnA nAnA samuhavALA adhikArIone jItI maLI Ave che te A samaya bAda lakhAyo hovo laI, pitAnI sattA jamAvavAnA hetuthI keTalAya joIe ema A uparathI phalita thAya che. ATalAM paradezIoe hiMdanA vAyavya khUNethI humalA karavA damana chatAM tene kALaje ThaMDaka vaLI nahatI. paraMtu mAMDayA hatA [ juo pu. mAM paradezI AkramaNakAronuM eka ghamaMDI pitAnI icchA saMpUrNa karavA jatAM varNana, khAsa karIne DimeTrIasa ane minenTaranuM jema jema AvaraNo ane vidane ADe AvatAM jAya vRttAMta]. A humalAno pratikAra karIne TakI rahevA che, tema tema "kudarata ja tene tevAM kAryomAMthI hAtha mATe athavA te humalAne AvatAMja khALI rAkhavA mATe uThAvI laI nivRtta thavAnuM jaNAve che " te savaLe je kAMI sthiti ubhI thavI joI e te sthiti je artha levAne badale, jema te potAnA AraMbhela kAryamAM upajAvI hoya to te A samrATa agnimitranI rAja gAMDAtara banI AgaLa dhapAvye jAya che tema A samaye nItine ugra hAthe kAma levAnI paddhatine tathA ane agnimitre, prathama mathurAnA pradeza upara hallo karI pitAne azvameghayajJa dvArA cakravartI samAna jAhera karavAnA tyAMno kALajane suvarNamaya vaeNDavA svapa31 (Vodva dhoraNane ja AbhArI hatI. eTale eka vakhata te mArastupa) tathA tyAMnuM zrIkRSNamaMdira teDI pADayAM mAra karI AvatA paradezIonA humalAne agnimitre hatAM ane tyAMthI upaDI chevaTe, pATalIputramAM suvarNanI stabhIta karI dIdhA ja hatA. keIne avaMtinA te zuM, sAta TekarIo AvelI sAMbhaLI te meLavavA ane paNa keTalAye mAIlenA vistAra sudhInI jamInanA pitAnI dravyabhUkha saMtoSavA te nagara tarapha upaDe hato. paDakhe paNa AvavA dIdhuM nahotuM. joke tenA maraNa bAda paraMtu tyAM tenuM maraNa nIpajyuM hatuM. A sarva pacAseka varSe te vazanI pAchI paDatI thatAM. te ja hakIkata pu. 3 mAM tenuM vRttAMta lakhatAM varNavI batAvI paradezIonA hAthe khuda avaMtinI gAdIno ja adhiche eTale atre lakhavA jarUra nathI. kAra hastagata karI levAyA hatA. AvI sthiti prApta - pati pataMjali tathA iMgavazI rAjAonI dharma thatAM ja prajAne harahaMmezanuM jIvana zAMtimAM pasAra bhAvanAnA tIvra amalathI, bhale jainadharmane asahya karavAno avasara sAMpaDayA hatA. ane dharmakrAMtinI rIte khamavuM paDayuM che ane teTale aMze te sthitine asara adazya thavA mAMDI hatI.33 te vaMzanA rAjAonI dharmakrAMtinI kALI bAjunA uparamAM varNavyA pramANe uttarahidanI sthiti pariNAmarUpe gaNI zakAze; chatAM tenAthI bIjI avaLI hatI. jyAre dakSiNahidamAM zuM sthiti pravartI rahI eTale tenI ujvaLa bAju paNa che jeno ullekha haze teno khyAla paNa TUMkamAM jANI levA jarUra che. paNa ahIM kare ja rahe che. samrATa priyadarzinanA sAmAnya kalapanA te ema karI zakAya che ke, dakSiNamaraNa bAda tenA vaMzajomAM ubharI nIkaLelA kusaMpane hiMdamAMthI ja A dharmakrAMtine janma thayo hato mATe lIdhe, sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA paDI jaI nAnA nAnA tyAM to uttarahida karatAM vizeSa svarUpamAM tenAM sAdhanA karI hatI jethI teo kauDinya kahevAyA che. (32) agnimitra jevA vaidikamatavALAnA hAthe jyAre (30) "bhArahUta stUpavALuM sara kaniMgahAmanuM pustaka. A maMdirane tathA jainadharmane nAza thayo che tyAre mAnavuM rahe (31) A Tepa bhAgI nAkhyA bAda 60-65 varSe tenI che ke A kRSNamaMdira jainadharmanuM maMdira hovuM joIe. puna:pratiSThA te takhatanA mathurAnA mahAkSatrapa rAjupulanI (33) sarakhA pu. 3mAM kSaharATa nahapANane rAjyapaTarANIe karAvI hatI. te mATe juo pu. 3mAM tenuM vRttAMta, amala

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caturtha paricacheda ]. rAjakIya krAMti [ 85 2 ciko najare paDavAM joIe, paraMtu rithati tethI hoya. paraMtu spaSTa thAya che ke rAjyaprakaraNamAM mAthuM ulaTI ja hatI. tyAM te tadana zAMtimaya ja vAtAva- mAravAne temaNe prayatno te karelA hatA ja, jemAMnA raNuM dekhAtuM hatuM kemake zAtakaraNInA maraNa pachI je thaDAkano nirdeza ApaNe atra karIzuM. rAjAo gAdIe AvyA che, te ekarIte to zAMtimaya (1) azvameghayajJanuM punarsarjana temaNe je karyuM jIvana gALanArAja dekhAyA che. vaLI teoe vaidika- che-karAvyuM che, tene Azaya ja e che ke gaNataMtra dharma aMgIkAra karI lIdhela hato eTale avaMtipati rAjyanI 5ddhati, je lAMbA vakhatathI te samaya paryaMta taraphanI kAMI bIka jevuM ja nahotuM, ane bIjuM vizeSa cAle AvatI hatI teno nAza karI eka ja rAjA sabaLa kAraNa to e hatuM ke pataMjali purohita je hathu sattA sthApIne, sArvabhaumatvanuM birUda dharAvatA kaI prabaLapaNe preraNuM reDanAra puruSa tyAM udabhavyo eka cakravartI jevA samrATanI chatrachAyA nIce sarva nahe. bhUmine mUkI devAya. eTale ja atyArapUrvenA samrATe joke - A pramANe dharmakrAMti vizene khyAla je mane agnimitranA sArvabhauma 5NunI sarakhAmaNImAM Takkara baMdhAyo hato tenuM vivecana karavAmAM AvyuM che. have rAja- jhIle tevA, badhe tethI paNa mahAna sattAzALI hatA, kAraNamAM zuM zuM krAMti thaI rahI chatAM teo akendrita bhAvanAthI rAjya calAvatA rAjakIya hatI tenuM thoDuMka varNana karIzuM. AvelA heIne te paddhatino ja nAza karI kendrita kAMti jema dharmakSetramAM krAMti nIpajAva- bhAvanAnuM rAjya sthApana karavAnA keDa che. pataMjali vAnA keDa bhagavAna pataMjaline sevI rahyA hatA. (daSTAMtamAM nIcenI kalama 7 juo.) jAgyA hatA tema rAjakIya kSetre paNa jAgyA hatA ema (2) puSyamitra-agnimitranA hAthe ja marya samrATa samajAya che. kemake akendrita bhAvanA je adyApi brahadrathane ziraccheda karAvIne potAnI kAryasiddhinuM paryata cAlI AvatI hatI, ane jene toDI pADavAne maMgaLAcaraNa karyuM hatuM (juo nIcenI kalama - 4) paMDita cANakaye paNa prayAsa AdarI joyA hatA chatAM (3) koI rAjyanA bhUpatine harAvIne tene phaLIbhUta thayA nahotA tene jaDathI DAMbhavAne azvamedhayAnI mAMDaLika banAvI jatA karI devAne badale, tenA prathA dAkhala karI hatI ke jethI sarva sattA pradezane potAnI bhUmi sAthe bheLavI devAnAM pagalAMne eka samrATamAM sthApita thaIne kendrita bhAvanAnA maMDANa paNuM agnimitranA rAjyathI ja thavA pAmyuM che. pariNAmarUpa tene cakravartI je banAvI zakAya. paraMtu vidarbhapati-patAne svadharma hato ke nahi tenI paravA dekhAya che ke temAM, te pahelA kSetramAM jeTalA daraje karyA vinA tenI kuMvarI mAlavikAnuM pANigrahaNa karIne phAvyA hatA teTalA aMze A bIjA kSetramAM phAvyA jamIna paNa je laI lIdhI che te A prakAranuM nathI. pachI tenuM kAraNa, rAjakIya DahApaNane abhAva dRSTAMta gaNAze. hoya ke eka vakhata rAjanIti AdaryA bAda tenuM phaLa (4) dakSiNApathanA svAmI evA AMdhrapatio cAkhavAno samaya AvI pahoMce te pUrve temanuM ava* jeo mAMDaLikapaNe hovAthI potAne mathAH (mAMDaLikatva sAna thayuM hatuM te heya, ke bhAgye temane yArI na ApI darzAvatuM birUda) zabda joDatA hatA (juo AMdhrabhUtyA (34) A kAraNathI ja priyadazine keTalAye rAjAone eTale agnimitra 5chI aDhIse ke traNa varSe thanAra rAjA jItI lIdhA hovA chatAM temanA pitAnA rAjaye punaHsthApita rUdradAmananA samaye tene punaHsthApita karavAne prazna ja rahe te karyA hatA (jIe pu, ramAM sudarzanataLAvanuM pariziSTa tathA nathI. A hakIkatathI spaSTa thAya che ke te prazasti rudradAmana 5. 4mAM 5. 109 upara kalama cethI). aMgenI nathI paNa priyadarzinane sparzatI ] AvI paddhatine nAza agnimitranA rAjayathI thaye che.

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- - pataMjali ane keTalyanI sarakhAmaNI [ ekAdazama khaMDa zabdanA adhikAravALuM varNana) temane evA prakAranI pa jhaLakI uThavA mATe puruSArtha te karelA hatA ja. cAlabAjAno upadeza devAyo che ke jethI tevuM birA prAcIna samayanA je mahApuruSonAM nAme prohita TaLI jAya. Aja rItie zaMgabhatyA zabdane pAchale ke paMDita tarIke khyAti pAmI jaLavAI rahyAM che bhAga lupta thaine kevaLa zRMgapati ja banI rahe tevuM temAM pANini, kaTalya uke pagaluM paNa temanA upadezathI bharAyuM hoya ( juo pataMjali ane kaiTa- cANakaya ane pataMjali e traNa upadanI kalama naM. 2) ema dekhAya che. lyanI sarakhAmaNI vyakitaonAM nAma agrapade (5) uparanAM dRSTAMte te je najare tarI Ave - birAje che. A traNe janmathI che tevAM kahI zakAya. paraMtu temanA sikkAo je brAhmaNa hatA, saMskArita hatA, ane vidyAsaMpanna thavA sAMpaDI Ave che te vizeSa purAvArUpa kahI zakAta. pAmyA hatA. temaja bhAgyavazAta IrSyA upajAve tevA jo ke zuMgavaMzanA rAjya amala purvanA temaja te pachInA gayA hatA tene potA rAjadarabArI mAnane paNa traNe ja prApta karI aneka sikkAo maLI Ave che paraMtu dilagIrInI zakyA hatA. paraMtu temAMnA 5. pANini kevaLa vidyAvAta che ke, zuMgavaMzI rAjAone koI sikko hajI vilAsI ja rahevAthI temanuM nAma vizeSapaNe sAhityanA upalabdha thayo nathI. banavAjoga che ke tevA sikkAo kSetramAMja pradipta thavA pAmyuM che. jyAre bAkInA be kadAca karatA paNa haze, paraMtu temanI oLakha te prakAre jaNAe rAjakAraNamAM paNuM jhaMpalAvyuM hovAthI. te thayela nahIM hovAthI ApaNane te nathI maLatA evuM bannenAM jIvanane rAjadvArIpaTa paNa lAge che. vidhAna karavuM paDe che. 3pamarahuma paMDita jayasvAlajIe A bane jaNa-cANakaya ane pataMjali lAM keTalAka sikkAne puSyamitra-agnimitranA hovAnuM lagabhaga 80 varSa sudhI AyuSya bhogavavA bhAgyazALI jaNAvyuM che paraMtu te binA haju nizcitapaNe thayA che. banne mahattvAkAMkSI hatA. temaja rAjyanA svIkArAyelI nahIM hovAthI, temaja amane pitAne mukhya saMcAlaka ane mukuTadhArI rAjA upara, bane paNa tenI khAtrI thaelI na hovAthI tene AdhAra jaNAe pitAno prabhAva prabaLapaNe jamAvyA paNa atre raju karyo nathI. hatA. alabatta, ekanA kissAmAM rAja jainamatAnuyAyI ( A pramANenI anekavidha saMbhAvanAothI mAne- have jyAre bIjAnA kissAmAM rAjA vaidikadhama hato. vAne kAraNuM maLe che ke, temaNe rAjakIya krAMti ekamAM rAjA pite, eka ziSya je laTuM banI rahyo karavA purUSArtha te AraMbhela hatA japaraMtu dharmakrAMtinA hatA tyAre bIjAmAM rAjAne anukuLa thaIne teNe pitAne kAryamAM svazaktine aparimita vyaya thavAthI dharmaprema vartavuM paDatuM hatuM. banne jaNa agragaNya rAjakarmacArinA to te dharmajhanananA svarUpamAM pheravAI gayo lAge che pade birAjIta thayA hatA, chatAM pataMjali mahAzayamAM ane e te niyama ja che ke, eka vakhata paga manavRtti upara saMyama nahatA, jyAre cANakya lapasyo te kayAM jaIne ubhA rahevAze tene nirNaya mahAzaya te kAryamAM paNa kuzaLa hatuM. eTale, jyAM karI zako te kAI viralApurUSanA lalATe ja lakhA- vicAra karI 5galuM bharavAne samaya Avato tyAM pavana eluM hoya che eTale pataMjali mahAzayanA kAryo pramANe pITha pheravI jANavAmAM paNa te e hatuM. A rAjakIyapaTa dhAraNa karavAne badale, dhArmika raMgathI prakRtine saddaguNa kahe ke duJNa kahe, paNa tene lIdhe te raMgAya vizeSataH dekhAI Ave che. chatAM eTaluM eka moTAmAM moTA rAjanItinI padavI prApta karI svIkAravuM ja paDe che ke temaNe baMne viSayamAM praddhi- zake che. bAkI bane jaNAe gaNataMtra rAjya paddhati (35) A pAMcamI kalama je vakhate lakhAI hatI te prasaMga jyAre AvyuM che tyAre temanuM zarIra paDI gayuM hovAthI khate paMDita hayAta hatA paraMtu A pustaka chapAvavAne ahi marahama zabda vAparyo che,

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caturtha pariccheda ] pataMjali ane kaiTalyanI sarakhAmaNI teDI nAMkhI, ekaMkita bhAvanA piSAya te-eka ja mAM rAjamArga bhUlI jatA dekhAya che ane je uddezane rAjAnA chatrarUpa-adhikAra sthApavAno prayAsa sevyA temaNe sAdhyatarIke AgaLa dharyo hoya che tene badale hatA ja. te kAryamAM banne jaNA niSphaLa ja nivaDayA dharmajhanunane navo ja lebAza kema jANe pite paherI che. chatAM cANakaye potAnI uttarAavasthAnAM keTalAMka lIdho hoya te dekhAva karAI javAya che. bAkI varSo sanyasta dazAmAM gALavAnuM munAsaba dhAryuM hatuM je AtmasaMyama jALavI zakyA hota te, je darzanajyAre pataMjalijI jIvanaparyata karmacArI tarIke ja pracAra mATe temaNe bhekha lIdhe hato tene kAMIka vicarI rahyA che. topaNa cANakajIe prajAjIvananA ora ja opa ApI zakyA hota. vidyA ane sAhityanA kSetramAM paM. pataMjaline ghaDataramAM ati ujavaLa ane mahatvano bhAga bhajavyo che jyAre pataMjali te dizAmAM bilala zunyavata ja cANakaya karatAM agrasthAna apAyuM che paNa te yogya ja che ke kema te hajI eka prazna lekhAya. kemake cANakaye mAluma paDayA che. alabatta, temaNe svAzrita rAjAnI pravRttimAM ja racyApacyA rahevAnuM durasta dhAryuM che. judAM judAM nAme aneka kRtio racelI che paNa te badhI hajI prakAzamAM nathI AvI. temanuM arthazAstra 5. cANakyajIne, prajAjanAthe AdareluM ke I. kArya, pitAnA uddezathI virUddha jatuM ane pariNAme ne kAmazAstra ajaba grantho chatAM temanuM abhyAsakSetra - ochuM hoI pataMjaline je kIrti mahAbhASya apAvI pitAnI apakIrti samAna thaI paDavAnI bhIti jevuM che tevI cANakyane hajI nathI maLI. uparAMtamAM lAgatuM ke tarata upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe te pITha rAjakIyakSetramAM te evA apUrva svarUpamAM prakAzela pheravI detA. vaLI kema jANe keAI vacalo mArga kADhI che ke temane pataMjalinI jema sAhityakAranI daSTie batAvavA puratuM ja potAnuM vartana che, tevI rItathI hajI tapAsAyA ja nathI. hajI tapAsAyA ja nathI. rAjyavahIvaTane 5Na dhArAdhoraNasara ane suvyavasthita upara jaNAvyA pramANe baMnenAM jIvana calAvavAnA niyamo ghaDI batAvyA che. AvuM temanuM rAja- hovAne lIdhe ApaNe je paM. cANakayane dIrdhadaSTithI nItizAstra aghatana paryaMta "kauTalanA arthazAstranA" kAma karanAra ane 5. pataMjaline tAtkAlikabuddhithI nAmathI vikhyAta thayeluM che. jyAre pataMjali mahAza athavA saMkucitadaSTithI kArya karanAra tarIke oLapitAno Azaya paripUrNa karavAnA ulAsamAM ne ullAsa- khAvIe te te anucita nahi ja gaNuya.

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pramANa Wr, naE , ke 55 4 . daka paMcama pariccheda keTalAka aitihAsika zilAlekha TUMkasAra-etihAsika vastu tAravavAmAM zilAlekho ane sikakAo ati mahattvane bhAga bhajave che te nivivAdita che. AMdhruvaMzane ItihAsa saMkalita karavAmAM je je zilAlekha ane sikakAo upayogI nIvaDayA che tene abhyAsa, teTalA mATe prathama jarUriyAtane lekhAya. temAMthI sikakAone lagatI mAhitI pu. 2mAM ati vistArapUrvaka lakhAI gaI che. ahIM zilAlekha saMbaMdhI hakIkatane paricaya karAvavAnI AvazyaktA che. Ama te, jyAM jyAM hakIkata lakhavAmAM Ave tyAM tyAM tenA purAvA tarIke ja, tevA zilAlekhone ke temAM AlekhAyela vastune je nirdeza karAya te paNa puratuM lekhAya, paraMtu keTalIka vakhata eka ja zilAlekhane AdhAra aneka vakhata ane keTalIka vakhate eka hakIkata mATe aneka zilAlekhane AdhAra levo paDe che tyAre te sthAne badhAnA utArA karavAthI pustakanuM kada vadhI jAya; vaLI evuM paNa bane ke, upayogI thAya teTalA ja akSare ke vAkanA utArA ApyA hoya chatAM ye, AgaLa pAchaLanI samajAtI meLavavA mATe. AkhAne AkhA lekhamAMnI vastu raju karavAnI jarUriyAta to ubhI rahI jAya cheja. A badhI muzkelIne teDa kADhavA mATe, jema sikakAonuM varNana jAduM pADayuM che tema zilAleone paNa judA ja tAravI svataMtra paricachede carcavA, ane jyAM jarUra jaNAya tyAM mAtra tenI AMka saMkhyAne AdhAra batAve te zreyaskara jaNAyuM che. tenA be pariccheda atra karavAmAM AvyA che. dareka zilAlekhamAM, je je hakIkata upayogI nIvaDavA vakI lAgI che, tenuM akSarazaH TAMcaNa pro. rezmananA, AMdhruvaMzanA sikakAne lagatA pustakamAMthI (Coins of the Andhra Dynasty) prathama aMgrejImAM utAryuM che. te bAda tenuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara karyuM che. te pachI, tene lagatuM vivecana majakura graMthakAre uparokta graMthamAM je karyuM hoya te te aMgrejI zabdomAM utArI tene anuvAda karI batAvyo che. ane chevaTe, uparanI saghaLI hakIktane lagatA amArA vicAro darzAvyA che.

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paMcama paricheda ] zilAlekha [ 89 ATalI prastAvanAthI vAcakane sarva vastune tarata khyAla AvI jaze ke A paricchedamAMnI saMkalanA kayA dhoraNe karavAmAM AvI che. vaLI AMdhavaMzanI hakIkata hovA chatAM,. jema resana sAhebe nahapANa, rUSabhadatta, rUdradAmana AdinA vRttAMta upara prakAza pAtharatA zilAlekhane paNa joDavAnuM yathAgya lekhyuM che tema ame paNa tevA zilAlekho utAryA che, kemake tema karavAthI AMdhrapationI bAbatanI muzkelIne ukela jema AvI jAya che tema, A vadhArAnA lekhomAM AvatA rAjapatione aMge paNa thatuM jatuM dekhAya che. zilAlekha uparanA lekhanA samaya para temaNe pra. pR. 19, naM. 1-nAnAghATa pArA 21 mAM Do. myularane mata TAMkIne jaNAvyuM che ke. A. re. prastAvanA pR. 45, pAri. 57:- ke, According to the epigraphical evi The inscription is a record of dence, those documents may be placed sacrifices performed and of donations a little but not much later than Asoka's made, to the sacrificing Brahmans. It and Dasaratha's edicts. But what, in is set up by Queen Naganika, the my opinion, most clearly proves that wife of King Sri-Satakarni, acting they belong to one of the first Andhras apparently as regent during the mi during the mi- is that their graphic peculiarities fully nority of her son, Veda Sri=> 4511 agree with those of the Nasik ins. karavAmAM AvyA, tathA yajJo karanAra brAhmaNane je cription No. 1 of Kanha or Krsna's dAna devAyuM tene lagatI neMdha A zilAlekhamAM karavAmAM reign=zilAlekha uparanA akSaro jotAM tene samaya AvI che. tenI kartA rANI nAganikA che; rAjA azoka ane dazarathanA lekho karatAM jarAka moDozrIzAtakaraNinI te rANI hatI ane banavAjoga che ke, paNa ati meDo te nahIM ja-kahI zakAze; paNa mArA pitAnA sagIraputra vedazrInA samaya daramiyAna teNue (. repsananA) mata pramANe te spaSTapaNe AMdhruvaMzanA vAlIpaNe kAma karyuM hatuM. AdipurUSonA hovAnuM jaNAya che, kemake te akSaranAM lekhamAM je rAjavaMzI vyaktionAM nAme AvyAM vaLAMka vagere kaha urphe kRSNanA rAjaye kotarAvela che temanAM sagapaNane lagato kaTho A pramANe nAsika zilAlekha naM. 1 nA akSaro sAthe saMpUrNa rIte temaNe banAvyo cheH maLatA Ave che. matalaba ke, myulara sAhebanA matathI rAyA simukho zAtavAhane kaLalAya-mahAraThi pote judA paDIne ema jaNAve che ke, nAnAghATa aMgiya kulavadhana lekhanA akSaro jotAM. tenA kartAne samaya rAjA kRSNanA mahAraThitranekayire samayanI lagabhaga ja che. dakSiNApathapati = devI nAganikA vaLI A zilAlekha paratve, anyatra (juo, ja, siri zAtakani | che. . ra. e. se. navI AvRtti, pR. 3, pR. 47) A pramANe TIkA lakhelI maLe che. The inscripvedasiri zati-sirimata tion at Nanaghat is by the queen of Satkarani, the third king of this dynasty (1) A nAme mATe, SaSama paricade, juo, 12 hakusiri

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jA ke , *,* * - - - - * * * * zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa (A. s. W. I. 5, pp. 68), who according carya pALe te thAya che. pachI te purUSa game te vargane heya. to Bullerd's inscription, was the son eTale ke, je tapazcaryA kare, amuka vRtta niyamo pALe of Simukha. The alphabet of Nanaghat tevA purUSe mATe te dAna karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che; ane agrees with that of Hathigumpha (J. tethI yajJAdi eTale hiMsAmaya pravRtti lekhavAnI nathI B. 0. R. S. III. P. 112). This justifies paraMtu AtmakalyANanI pravRttiomAM je racyA pacyA the identification of Satakarni men- rahetA hoya temanA nibhAva mATe dAna karyuM hatuM ema tioned therein with Satakarni of samajavuM rahe che. Nanaghat, that is No. 3, of Pargiter's lekhamAMnI hakIkatane samaya I. sa. pU. 383 list=nAnA ghATane zilAlekha A vaMzanA trIjA rAjA kahevAze jyAre lekha ketarAvAya che I. sa. pU. 372 (A. sa. 9. i. pu. 5, pR.68) zAtakaraNinI rANIne athavA te bAda-eTale benI vacce 10-12 varSanuM che; buhalaranI samajUti pramANe te rAjA zrImukhane aMtara che. putra thAya che. nAnApATa zilAlekhanI lipi. hAthI- devI nAganikAnA pitA vize adharvazI rAjAonA zaMkAnI lipine maLatI Ave che (ja. bi. o. pI. itihAsane je ke siddho saMbaMdha na ja kahI zakAya, se. pu. 7, pR. 112). A uparathI puravAra thAya che paraMtu temanA nAma sAthe je upanAmAM joDAyala najare 5. temAM lakhela zAtakaraNi ane nAnAvATavALA zAta- paDe che temAMthI keTalIka etihAsika vastu upara prakAza karaNi banne eka ja che, jeno naMbara pAITare Apela paDe che. mATe tenI carcA atra karavI Avazyaka lAgI che. kASTakamAM trIje makA che." A phakarAmAM traNa cAra (1) kaLalAya mahAraThi vize ke. A. 2. pArA pramANe apAyA che. ne sarvanA AdhAre evo avani 26mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, jema maisuranAM cittalarga nIkaLe che ke rANI nAganikAe lakhela nAnAghATano jIllAmAMthI maLI Avela sikkAomAM (juo pu. 2 zilAlekha, teno akSaro jotAM zrImukhane putra rAjA AMka naM. 47, 48) sadakana kaLalAya mahArathi zabda zAtakaraNi, ke jeno naMbara pAITara sAhebe taiyAra mAlUma paDe che tema, ahiM te ja pramANe AkhuM upanAma karele keSTakamAM trIje darzAvI che, tene ja che. tevuM joIe. (2) aMgikulavadhana (saMskRta) aMgiya vaLI te ja lekhake AgaLa jatAM (ja. meM. che. phaLavardhana lekhavuM. temAMnA aMga zabdane trikaliMga ra. e. sa. pu. 3. 1928, pR. 83) Nanaghat samuhamAM gaNutA aMga, raMga ane kaliMga dezamAMnA Inscr. by mother Nagarika is dated in aMgadezanI amuka prajAnAM kula tarIke gaNAvyo che. the 13th year (regnal year) of Vasi- } ahol ai zio fald 7eld viale Tellside sthiputra=mAtA nAganikAe nAnAghATanA zilA- bhAgalapura ane meM gIra jIllAnA amuka pradezamAM ja lekhane, vasiSThaputranA (rAjya) 13mA varSe ketarAvyAnuM gaNAvyuM che. paraMtu ApaNe pu. 1mAM aMgadezanuM varNana jaNAvyuM che. [amAro vicAraH-samaya paratve Do. karatAM. tathA pu. 3 mAM agnimitre vidarbhapatinI kuMvarI repsananA ane brAM, che. ra. e.so. nA jaranalanA mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM tenI carcA karatAM sAbita lekhakanA mata sAthe ame maLatA thaIe chIe paraMtu karyuM che ke, prAcIna samaye vidarbha prAMtavALA bhAgano yajJa karanAra tarIke brAhmaNane je temaNe lekhAvyA che -hAlamAM jene ApaNe varADa prAMta kahIe chIe tene tema nathI. maLa zabda "bamaNa' che ane teno artha "brahma samAveza aMgadezamAM thatuM hatuM ane rANI nAganikAne 2) je ke lekhake kAMI purAvo Ape nathI lAgatA upara vasatInA vRttAMte jue, paraMtu A hakIkata satya lAge che. tenA AdhAra mATe AgaLa

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paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekhA pitA RNu A sthAnane ja adhipati hatA te thaIe chIe. ] ApaNe gautamIputra yajJazrInuM varNana karatAM joi laizuM. matalaba ke mahAraDiene aMgadeza sAthe ja saMbaMdha hatA. tevI prajAnA mukhya nAyakane aMgiyakulavardhana tarIke upanAma joDAya te te ayukta na ja gaNAya. (3) traNakiyarA-nA prathama padanA artha vize jo zaMkA batAvI che paraMtu tenA artha saMskRtanA trAtAzrInuM zabda jevA thAya ema sUcavyuM che. uparanAM traNe upanAmAnAM vivaraNa uparathI have samajAze ke, cuTukAnaMda ane mULAnaMda ke muMDAnaMdane jema ApaNe naMdavaMzI rAjAemAMthI utarI AvelA saradArA gaNAvyA che tema A aMgadezanA mahArathIone paNa aMgavaMzI rAjAemAMthI utarI AvelA saradArA tarIke lekhavA rahe che. [ 91 naM. 2--nAzika race; (kA. AM. re. pra. pR. 46 pAri. 27) king Krisna of the Satavahana undated=zAtavAhana kuLanA rAjA kRSNaH tArIkha vinAnA (lekha che) naM. 3--nAsika (krA. . OM. pra. pR. 46):-- Possibly containing the name of king Sakti-Sri=dhaNuMkarIte temAM rAjA zaktinAma AveluM che: akSarA bhUMsAI gaelA che. jethI saMzayAtmaka che. paraMtu mi. sTenArTa suggests that the reading may have been Ma. hahakusiri [nati]ya Bhatapalikaya=By Bhaipalika[grand-daughter] of Maha-hakusiri=mahAhakusirinI pautrI bhaTipAlikAe A lekhanA samaya pra. pR. 19 pAri.22 mAM DaoN. abyularanA matathI mauryavaMzI aMtima rAjAone ke zuMgavaMzanI Adine lekhyA che, paraMtu pArA. 23 mAM DaoN. rUpsana peAtAnA mata jaNAvatAM lakhe che ke, The names and the order of succession of the first three Andhra kings are correctly given by the Puranas, viz. (1) Simuka, (2) Krsna, (3) Sri Satakarni. It is probable, too, as stated both in the Bhagavata and in the Visna Purana, Krsna was the brother of Simuka=AMdhravaMzanA prathamanA traNa rAjAonAM nAma ane anukrama, purANAmAM lakhyA pramANe zuddha ja che. taduparAMta, bhAgavata ane viSNu purANamAM jaNAvyA A hakusiri mATe khulAsA karatAM DaoN. rUkhsate zilAlekha naM. 1mAMnA kAThAvALA satihAsira dhArI laI pArA. 25, pR. 20mAM lakhyuM che ke, It is quite possible that Sakti-Sri may have come to the throne subsequently and that he may be identified with the Maha-Haku Siri the great Sakti Sri," who is mentioned in an undated inscription at Nasik. It is possible also, as Buhler has suggested, that he may have been the historical of the Sakti-lkumara of Jaina legend= tadna saMbhavita che ke, pachIthI zaktizrI gAdIe beThe hAya. tene mahAhafisira mahAna zaktizrI tarIke oLakhI zakAze, ke jenuM nAma samaya darzAvyA vinAnA nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM jaNAvAyuM che. ane jema DaoN. byulare sUcavyuM che te pramANe banavAjoga che ke jaina daMtakathAvALI zaktikumAra nAmanI aitihAsika asala vyakti paNa te ja hAya. matalaba ke uparanA naM. 1 zilAlekhavALA zRti-sirimata hayusarane ane A naM. 3 vALA nAsikanA lekhamAMnA mahAhakusirane eka mAnI lIdhA che. vaLI te uparathI evuM anumAna pramANe kRSNe te zimukhaneA bhAi ja seAvasA saMbhave che"AryuM che ke, sirimata hukusiri peAtAnA bhAi veda[DaoN. repsananA mata sAthe sarvathA ame maLatA sirinI pAchaLa gAdIe AvyA. hAya; ane chevaTe

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hara ]. zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa che. myulare (zilAlekhanA akSaronI khUbIone lIdhe) haku-zakti, hAla zAla (zAta); vaLI te ja niyama jaina daMtakathAmAM varNavela zaktikumArane A mahahaku pramANe hirU zrI, hATakaNizatakaraNiH matalaba ke siri tarIke oLakhAvela che, te matane pote svIkAravA hakasiri nAmanI vyaktine zAtavAhana vaMzI mahAzaktitatparatA batAvI che. zALI hAla zAtakaraNi jevA hovAnI kalpanA [ amAruM TIppaNa-naM. 1 lekhavALA hasirine nIpajAvI kADhI che ]. kharI rIte koI saMbaMdha ja nathI kemake te bannenA akSaro ja taddana bhinna prakAranA che, je De. resane naM. 4-bhisA-sAcI ane enArthe kabUla karyuM che. vaLI ekane hasirinA Topa naM. 1. ( janarala kaniMgahAmanA sAdA nAmathI oLakhAvela che, temaja ApaNe AgaLa bhilyATasa nAmanA pustakamAMthI pR. 214, 264, upara joI zakIzuM ke te gAdIpati banyo ja nathI; pleITa 19) eTale "mahA' ke tevuM koI biruda meLavavA bhAgyazALI che. A. 2. pR. 47 tathA pArA 29 pR. 23ne paNa te kayAMthI thAya? jyAre mahAhasiri nAmanI sAra e nIkaLe che ke, "The inscription as it cult at det les or 40 291 2423 421- stands in Cunningham's eye-copy kramo karela hovAthI "mahA' upanAma paNa meLavyuM hatuM is evidently incorrect=je pramANe kaniMgahAme ema kahI zakAya. uparAMta tene samaya paNa (juo AMkhethI joIne te zilAlekha utArI lIdho che te TIkA naM. 1) I. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadInA aMtanI dekhItI rIte azuddha che ane tene sarakhAvI joIne lagabhaga eTale ke I. sa. nI prathama sadInA prAraMbhamAM pharI tapAsavA jevuM kaMI sAdhana na hovAthI bIje AvI jAya che. temaja tene jaina sAhityamAM ghaNuM koI rasto nathI. temAM rAjA vasiSThIputra zItakaraNi mahatvanuM sthAna maLyuM hovAnuM paNa samajAya che. rAjya keIe dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che; ane "Dr. A mahAhasirimAMnA "ha" akSara upara Do. Buhler, indeed proposed to identify 92212 Asi 328i ovelloj 038 In the Dra- him with Sri-Satkarni of the Nanavidian Prakrit of the Andhras, ha= ghat and Hathigumpha inscriptions Skt. Sa. Thus Haku=Sakti, Hala=Sala on the ground that the alphabet of (Sata); probably also Hiru=Sri, Hata- the Bhilsa inscr. showed similar cha. kam=satakarni; 4ilHon sila 1142 mulle racteristics=1414125 212 dienaldi Corella bhASAmAM haza (saMskRta) thAya che, te niyama pramANe lekhamAM nirdiSTa zAtakaraNine De. myulara A (3) jene samaya (uparamAM zilAlekha naM. 1 juo) vAhana zabdanuM vivecana tathA AgaLa upara hAla azonA rAjyakALa pachIne ke, zuMgavaMzanI Adine eTale rAjAnuM vRttAMta. I. sa. pU. bIjI sadIne, mAnya che, (6) nAnAdhATanA be zilAlekha che. eka rANI nAganikA emAM mahAhasirinI pautrIne lagatI hakIkta che eTale, vALa (juo uparamAM naM. 1 vALA) tathA bIje catrapaNu be peDhI thaI kahevAya, jethI A zilAlekhane samaya I. sa. pU. zAtakaraNIne (juo nIce na, 18 vALe). A bemAMthI ko nI prathama sadInA aMta lagabhaga mAne che (juo ke. kahevAno bhAvArtha che te spaSTa karyuM nathI. paraMtu "vAsiSThaputra A. re. pR. 46mAM naM. 3 zilAlekha uparanI TIkA). zAtakaraNi zabda laIne vAta karAya che eTale, naM. 18 vALe (4) ke. A. ke. pR. 20. TI. naM. 3 juo. samaja rahe che; paraMtu nAnAghATa ane hAthIguphA banneno (5) jue uparamAM prathama pariccheda zata ane zAli sAthe nirdeza karAya che jayAre te banne sthaLane sAmAnya meLa

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--- - -- - - paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekha . [ 93 vasiSThaputra tarIke oLakhAvavAne kharekhara rIte middle of the first century B. C.=bhikSA sUcavyuM che, kAraNa ke, bhillAlekhanA akSaromAM (majakura TopsamAMnA sAMcI naM. 1 TopanA (naM. 346) eka lekhanA akSara jevI ja) khUbIo dekhAya che." pachI lekhamAM zAtakaraNirAye dAna dIdhAnI noMdha che. je pitAno svataMtra mata darzAvatAM jaNAve che ke, "If vizeSa cokasAIthI oLakhI zakAtuM nathI paraMtu this identification could be established savisA te AMdhraja haze. lekha upara miti lakhI nathI we should have good reason although paNa sthApatya-niSNAtonA meTAbhAgano e mata che not conclusive reason for believing ke tene samaya mukhyatve I. sa. pUrvanI pahelI sadInI that Bhilsa (Vidisa) the capital of Hyal 3. the province of East Malwa (Akara) [amAruM maMtavya-akSaranA vaLAMka tathA lakhavAnI was in the possession of the Andhra rabaDhabathI je ke keTalAka aMze upayogI anumAna at a date (c. 168 B. C.) when it is tAravI zakAya che kharuM paraMtu te sarvathA AdhAra generally supposed to have belonged mUkavA lAyaka ane majabUta nIvaDatuM nathI. kemake to the Sunga dynasty=jo A oLakha temAM to dezIya pheraphAra paNa bhAga bhajave che temaja kabUla rakhAya te ApaNe jarUra mAnavuM paDaze, jo ke ketaranAra salATa-kArigaronI kuzaLatA upara paNa nirNayAtmakapUrvaka te nahIM ja--ke I. sa. pU. 168nA AdhAra rakhAya che, ane tethI ja uparamAM (juo arasAmAM pUrva mAlavA (Akara) pradezanI rAjadhAnI zilAlekha naM. 1 tathA naM. 3) De. myulare derelA bhitsA (vidizA) nagarI AMdhraprajAnA kabajAmAM hatI; anamAna uthalAI jatAM mAluma paDayAM che. - jyAre sAmAnya rIte ema manAya che ke, te te vaLI bhillAnagarI AMdhaprajAnA tAbAmAM gaI zaMgavaMzIonI rAjyasattAmAM hatI." matalaba ke hoya evuM anumAna derAI javAya che tema paNa keTalAka aMze De. myulara sAhebanA matane mAnya banavA pAmyuM nathI. kemake temanA pitAnA jaNAvyA rAkhavAne lalacAya che kharA. paraMtu sarvathA mAnI pramANenA samaye te te pradeza upara zuMgavaMzanI sattA ja levAne je muzkelI jaNAya che tenuM darzana paNa karAvatA cAlI rahI hatI. ane jo A zilAlekhamAM varNajAya che. A lekhanA samaya paratve ke. hi. I. pR. vAyalI hakIkata te samaya sivAyanI Thare, topaNa 533mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, An inscription (no. kahevuM paDaze ke avaMti pradeza upara kadApi paNa 346) on one of the Bhilsa Topes, AMdhradezano hakumata sthapAI ja nahatI (je ApaNe Sanchi No. 1, records a donation temanAM vRttAMta uparathI joI zakIzuM). eka vakhata made in the reign of a Satkarni, AMdhrapati zAtakaraNIne mAtra te pradeza upara kAMIka who cannot de identified more preci- adhikArasUtra jamAvavA jevo prasaMge upasthita thayo sely but who must certainly have, hato (juo naM. 7nA vRttAMte) paraMtu te samaye akendrita been an Andhra. The inscription is bhAvanA(Decentralization)nI paddhatie rAjya ated, but there is a now general vahIvaTa cAlato hovAthI tene te pradeza choDIne cAlyA concensus among archeologists that AvavuM paDayuM hatuM. it probably belongs to about the vAstavika rIte to, bhisATopamAMthI upasthita upajAve tevuM te,AMdhruvaMzI Adi purUSamAM ja zAtakaraNi che. naM 1 nAnAdhATane samaya I. sa. pU. cothI sadImAM jAya che. ane naM. 18 nAnAdhATana i. sa. nI bIjI sadIne che. banne vacce lagabhaga cha saikAnuM aMtara che,

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94 ] zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa thatI hakIkata ema banavA pAmI che ke, je vAsiSThaputra hakIkatane samarthana maLe che. eTale te prasaMgane satya zAtakaraNIno temAM ullekha karAyo che te rAjA hAla ghaTanArUpa gaNe rahe che. vaLI uparokta zAtakaraNine zAtakaraNi che. tene pulumAvI tarIke tema ja vasiSTha samaya che. repsana pote ja ghaNe AgaLa (De. myulara patra zAtakaraNi tarIke paNa oLakhAvavAmAM Avela sUcita I. sa. pUnI cAra sadIvALA nAnAghATa che. (pu. 2 mAM tenA sikkAo tathA A pustaka ane hAthIguphAnA samaya karatAM) laI jatA dekhAya aAgaLa upara tenuM vRttAMta juo). tene samaya I. sa. che. te hakIkata "On the whole, it appears pU. ne, aMta ane I. sa.nI Adine che. A rAjAne more probable that Bihler was mistemaja tenI pUrvenI be traNa peDhIvALAne, avaMti taken in assigning so early a date pati gabhilavaMzIo sAthe mitratAnI gAMTha baMdhAI to this inscr, and that this king VahatI, jethI arasparasanI bhIDamAM madade AvIne ubhA sisthputra Sri Satkarani is to be rahetA hatA. temAMnA eka prasaMganuM varNana zakAri identified with one of several SatavikramAdityanA vRttAMte ( jIo pu. 4 mAM ) karavAmAM karnis who appear later in the PurAvyuM paNa che. ane bIjo prasaMga gardabhIlavaMzI apic lists=ekaMdare vizeSa saMbhavita ema lAge che ke vikramacaritranA rAjya amale upasthita thayA hatA. myulara sAhebe A zilAlekhane samaya eTale badhe tenuM kAMIka svarUpa jainasAhityamAMthI labdha thAya che. vahele TharAvavAmAM bhUla khAdhI che. vaLI pukANakAronI prasaMga ema hato ke bane rAjavaMzIo temanA dharma- nAmAvaLImAM je keTalAka zItakaraNIe chevaTane tIrtha zatruMjaya upara-je saurASTramAM AveluM che-tyAM bhAgamAM jaNAvyA che temAMnA ekAdane AvAsikaamuka dhArmika kAryanA aMge gayela che. vaLI pu. 1 putra zAtakaraNI tarIke oLakhI zakAze." A pramANe mAM sAbIta karI gayA chIe ke avaMtine A temanA zabdothI sarva sAbita thAya che. bhilsA nagarIvALA pradeza jenadharma sAthe mukhyatve saMbaMdha dharAvato che. temaja pu. 2 mAM kahevAyuM che ke naM. 5 tathA naM. 6-bane kaherI mauryavaMzI samrATa caMdragupta je paNa jainadharma pALa bane mArI putra svAmI zakasenanA che ane hatA, teNe A ja sAMcI Topa naM. 1nI cAre bAju tenA rAjyakALanA 8mA varSe, grISmaRtunA dazamAM goLAkAre rahela gavAkSamAM dIpamALA pragaTAvavA eka divase ketarAyelA che. moTI rakamanuM dAna karyuM che. matalaba ke sAcI ane A mArI putra vize ke. A. 2. pAro 36 mAM ane bhillAnagarInI bhUmi jainadharmanA eka prabhAvika vivecana karyuM che je ApaNe AgaLa upara utArIzuM. tIrtharUpa che. eTale, A zilAlekhamAM ullekhAya paraMtu te pahelAnA be pArA-naM. 34, 35, mAM temaNe rAjA zAtakaraNi paNa tyAM Avyo hoya ane teNe gautamIputra zAtakaraNi vize kAMIka prakAza ApatuM vA tenI preraNAthI AnaMda nAmanA kArigare majakura vivecana karyuM che te prathama tapAsI jaIe. dAna dIdhuM hoya te banavA yogya che. A pramANe nahapANanA sikkA upara je gautamIputra zItazilAlekhI hakIkatane jainasAhitya graMthamAM varNavAyalI karaNie, pitAnuM maheruM paDAvyuM che. tene nahapANane ' (7) je ke zilAlekhamAM to koI kArigare dAna ApyAnuM Azraye te kArigara ha; athavA zAtakaraNinI preraNAthI ja jaNAvyuM che. paraMtu "zAtakaraNi rAja" evA zabda che. te dAna devAyuM hoya-game tema, paNa phalitArtha e kare jyAre zAtakaraNinuM rAjya te avaMtimAM thayuM ja nathI eTale rahe che ke te samaye te kArigara temaja rAjA zAtaraNi bane tenA nAmano ullekha karanArane udeza e che ke, tenA jaNAnI te sthaLe hAjarI hatI.

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zilAlekhA paMcama pariccheda ] vijetA lekhIne, tenA ja nAmadhArI gautamIputra vilivAyakuranI oLakha ApatAM jaNAvyuM che ke,... "which cannot be absolutely proved of the great Gautamiputra Satakari, the conqueror of Nahapana with the Gautamiputra; Vilivayakura of the coins found at Kolhapur...The evidence of re-struck coins shows that this king was preceded in this district by (1) Vasisthiputra; Vilivayakura, and (2) Mathariputra; Sivalakura= kAlhApuramAMthI maLI AvatA sikkAvALA gautamIputra visivAyapura, te ja pelA nahapANa upara jIta meLavanAra mahAna gaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNa haze ke kema te saMpUrNa rIte pUravAra thaI zakatuM nathI......(paraMtu nahapANunA mahArA upara) karIne chApa pADela sikkA uparathI sAbIta thAya che ke, A pradeza upara (krIne chApa pADela) gaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNi rAjAnI pUrve (1) vAsiSThIputra viLivAyapura ane (2) mADharIputra sivalakuranI sattA thaI gaI hAvI joie. " matalaba ke napANanA siSThAcitra sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvanAra gAtamIputra paNa judA ane gaiAtamIputra viLivAyapura te paNa judI; A pramANe dhvani nIkaLatA dekhAya che kharA (8) kharI rIte tene nahapAnA peAtAnA vijetA lekhavAnA nathI. paraMtu nahapANa je kSaharATa jAtineA hateA, ane jenA rAjye tenA jAmAtR, zaka rUSabhadatte gautamIputra thAtakaraNinA pUrvajone hAra khavarAvI hatI; te prasaMganuM vera vALavA, te kSaharATa ane zaka jAtinuM nikaMdana gautamIputre kADhI nAkhyuM hatuM. tenuM mAhAtmya sUcavavA ja, nahapAnA sikkAne AcchAdita karatuM peAtAnuM maheArUM khatAvyuM che. AnuM vana ApaNe, rANIzrI khaLazrInA zilAlekhanuM vivaraNa karatI vakhate jaNAvIzuM. juo AgaLa upara na, 17 mA AMdhrapatinuM vRttAMta, {e) Re_struck=phIne chApa pADela evA atha thAya kharA, paNa temaNe sarakhAmaNI je re-struck coinsnI karI che te ja khATI che. [ pa ane tema hAya tA te be bhinna bhinna vyakti gaNAya. jyAre vAsikhriputra viLivAyapura ane mArIputra sivalapura nAmanI e vyaktio thaI che. te uparanA banne gaiAtamIputrAnI pUrve thaI che ema mAnavuM rahe che. ATaluM lakhANa pArA 34 mAM che. pachI pArA 35mAM vAsikhriputra viLivAyapura vize jaNAve che ke, "his position as predecessor of Mathariputra and Gautamiputra=mAraputra ane gAtIputranI pUrve tenuM (vAsikhriputra viLivAyapuranuM) sthAna gaNuvuM rahe che. eTale ke, prathama vAsiptiputra, pachI mArIputra ane chelle gAmiputra. ATaluM lakhyA pachI pArA 36 mAMnA mAharIputra zakasena (kanherInA zilAlekhavALA) te ja 'Mathariputra Sivalkura of the Kolhapur coins=kAlhApura pradezamAMthI maLI AvatA sikkAvALA mArdariputra sivalakura che, ema jaNAvI pArA 37mAM lakhe che ke, If the identification of the Gautami putra Vilivayakura with the great Gautamiputra Satakarani may be assumed, the re-struck coins would prove that he was the successor of Mathariputra-gAtamIputra viLivAyakurane jo mahAna gAmiputra zAtakaraNa tarIke TharAvIe tA,10 uparA nahapANanA maherA upara gautamIputre peAtAnuM maherUM kAtarAvyuM che: over-struck kahevAya. jyAre A traNe aMdhapatie eka khInnane maLatA Ave evA ja (jue kA. . . pR. 87, pArA. 70) sikkA paDAvyA che jene resembling kahI zakAya, nahIM ke re-struck; eka rIte re-struck kahevAya, kemake eke je paDAvyA, tenuM anukaraNa khIjAe karIne te sikkA pharIne pADavA, AvA a`mAM laie tA, eTale ke over-struck ane re-struck coinsnI sarakhAmaNI karavI te barAbara nathI. chatAM khUkhI e thai che ke, te anumAna sAcuM paDayuM che ane tethI ja A vAca atre utAravuM paDayuM che. (10) ahIM je ane tA, eTalA mATe lakhyA che ke uparamAM 34 pArA pramANe temaNe ane gautamIputrane bhinna

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zilAlekha . [ ekAdazama khaMDa [ uparI maherAnI chIpavALA sikkAthI sAbIta thAya che ke, tAbenA gavaradhana pradezanA adhikArIne vaijayaMti gAme te gautamIputra vilivAyakura, te mATharipatranI pAchaLa jIta meLavIne paDela lazkaranI chAvaNImAMthI evI gAdIe Avyo che. eTale je pArA 34, 35, 36 ane matalabanuM pharamAna kare che ke, atyAre pUrve je kSetra 37 nI sarva hakIkatanuM ekIkaraNa karIe te, te cAre nahapANunA jamAI rUSabhadattanI mAlikInuM hatuM te vyaktiono anukrama A pramANe Ave che. saithI havethI, trirazmi parvata upara rahetA tapasvIo mATe prathama vAsiddhiputra viLivAyakura, te bAda mADharipatra juduM rAkhavuM." A uparathI ema phalitArtha thAya che zivalakura ane te bAda gautamIputra viLivAyakura urphe ke, pitAnA rAjyakALanA 18mAM varSa pahelAM, govaradhana mahAna gautamIputra zAtakaraNi. jIllA pradeza upara bennATakanA adhipati gautamIputra | [ApaNe je vaMzAvaLI dvitIya paricchede ubhI zAtakaraNInI sattA jAmI paDI hatI ja. ane tyAMnA karI batAvI che temAM uparanA traNe rAjAonuM sthAna sUbA upara, je kSetranuM utpanna bIjA upayogamAM anukrame, naM. 4, 5, ane 17 rAkhyuM che, ane je atyAra sudhI levAmAM AvatuM hatuM te havethI trirazmi bane gautamIputrane bhinna gaNavAnuM TharAvAya te uparamAM parvata upara je tapasvIo AtmadhyAnamAM nimagna jaNuvyA pramANe temanA naM. 4, 5, ane 17 naMbara rahe-rahetA-temanA nibhAva mATe upayoga karavAnuM kAyama rAkhI gautamIputrayajJazrI mATe navuM sthAna temaNe pharamAvyuM che. ATale sudhI ame De. rasananA zodhavuM raheze. je aneka hakIkatathI sAbita thAya che mata sAthe saMmata thaIe chIe paNa temaNe je ema ke te naM. 2 vALo aMdhapati hato.] . jaNuvyuM che ke "There can be little doubt in any case, that it indicates the naM. 7-nAsika recent transfer of the government in gautamIputra zAtakaraNi. 18 muM varSa comAsAnI the Nasik dist. from the Ksaharatas RtunuM bIjuM 5khavADiyuM, prathama divasa. to the Andhras=kaI paNa rIte zaMkArahita che lekhamAM bIjI aneka vastu samAyelI che. atre ke, nAsika jIllA uparanI3 hakumata havethI (A ApaNe khapajogInuMja vivecana karIzuM temAM "Gauta- pharamAna kaDhAyuM tyArathI) kSaharAnA hAthamAMthI nIkaLIne miputra Sri Satkarni, lord of Bena- AMdhranA hAthamAM AvI che." eTale kema jANe te kataka in Govardhana sends from bhUmi zAtakaraNinA adhikAramAM hamaNAM tAjetaramAM ja the camp of victory of the army at AvI hoya. tema nathI. paraMtu 'Lord of the Vaijayanti an order to the effect that Bennakatak in Govardhana=5114841Hi a certain field formerly in the jenI sattA sthapAI cUkI che evA bennATakanA possession of Rsabhadatta (Nahapan's bhUpati gautamIputra'; A zabdathI sUcita thAya che ke, son-in-law) shall be secured to the sattA te keTalAya samaya pUrve temane maLI gaI che. monks of the Tri-rasmi Mountain= paraMtu majakura kSetranI utpannanA upayogane niveDe bennATakanA adhipati gautamIputra zAtakaraNi, pitAnA AvI rIte karavA pUratuM ja A pharamAna kaDhAyuM che. bhinna lekhavyA che ja. (13) zilAlekhamAM jaNAvela govadhanane prAMta ane (11) A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, rUSabhadattano samaya, trirasima parvata-bannenuM sthAna vartamAnakALanA nAsika gautamIputra zAtakaraNinI pahelAMne gaNo rahe che. sarakhA jIllAmAM AveluM heine, atra nAsika chalo lakhAyuM nIcenI TIkA 14 tathA 26. dekhAya che. (12) ke. A. 2. , pR. 48, (14) uparanI TIkA . 11 tathA nIcenI TIkA naM. 26,

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paMcama pariccheda ]. zilAlekho [ 97 eka bIjI hakIkata khAsa jaNAvavAnI ke, nAsikamAM varSa, grISmaRtu, bIjuM 5khavADiyuM, 10mA divase temaja zilAlekha maLI Avyo chemATe A jagyA upara ja lekhano bIjo bhAga-24mA varase. coma zaka ane kSaharATanI sAthe yuddha thayuM hatuM tathA temane cothuM pakhavADIyuM, 5mA divase; ema lakhela che. uparanA parAjaya pamADI khAnAkharAbI karI naMkhAI hatI ema lekha naM. 7mAM jaNAvela kSetravahivaTanA anusaMdhAnamAM ja samajavAnuM nathI. temaja je sAlamAM A lekha ketarAvyo A lekhanI hakIkata che. ke. . re. pra. pR. 48mAM teja sAlamAM yuddha thayuM hatuM ema paNa lakhavAnuM nathI. De. repsana jaNAve che ke, "This is an order matalaba ke sthAna ane samaya bane para A lekhane of the king to be communicated to saMbaMdha nathI. sthAna paratve eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke, jo Syamaka, the minister in Govardhana, aMtima yuddha atra thayuM hota te purANakAre kaliMgabhUmi in the name of the king Gautamiputra upara zAta rAjA sAthe yuddha thayAnuM ane temAM zakarAjA and of the king's queen-mother, marAyAnuM tathA nIca, ane adhama zakano saMhAra vaLI whose son is living. The name of this gayAnuM je lakhyuM che te khoTuM thaI jAta. kharI rIte kaliga queen, Bala-Sri is known from her bhUminuM yuddha ja cheluM che (juo te mATe naM. 17nA inscription dated in the year, 19th vRttAMte) tema tene samaya paNa I. sa. pU. 57-6no che. year of the reign of her grandson paraMtu yuddhane banAva pUre thayo ke tarata ja lekhaketara- Pulumavi (inscr. no. 13)=gavaradhana pradezanA vo joIe e kAMI niradhAra nathI ja. te mATe tene sUbAne Adeza karatuM rAjAnuM A pharamAna che. rAjasamaya maLavo joIe bIjI aneka rAjadvArI pravRttimAM mAtA, jene putra haiyAta che teNInA, ane rAjA joDAvuM thaI jAya eTale te sarvamAMthI phArega thavAya tyAre maitrIputranA nAmathI (A pharamAna kaDhAyuM che). A ja AvuM dAna devAnuM temaja lekha ketarAvavAnuM sUjhe. rAjamAtAnuM nAma baLazrI che, ema teNInA pitra tethI ja teno samaya cAreka varSa Aghe lAyAnuM jaNAya pulumAvI (juo nIcene lekha naM, 13)nA rAjyakALa : che. A kapanAnA anumAnane tenA pitAnA zabdothI 19mA varSe kotarAyela lekha uparathI samajAya che. ja majabUtAI maLe che, "teNe bennATakane svAmi hukama upara jaNAvelI sarva hakIkata amAre mAnya che. pharamAve che." evA zabdo je lakhAvyA che tethI spaSTa kevaLa je traNacAra mudA khAsa dhyAna kheMcavA gya thai jAya che ke, govaradhana prAMtaupara tene svAmitvato che tenI carcA karIzuM. pharamAna karanAra rAja gAtamIkeTalAya vakhata agAuthI prApta thaI gayuM hatuM. temaja putra ane tenI mAtA baLazrI che. uparAMta lakhyuM che ke anya sthAnethI vijayanI chAvaNImAMthI beThA beThA hukama tene putra haiyAta che. eTale ema sAra nIkaLe che ke kADhe che eTale bIjI pravRttimAM pote joDAyo hato rANI baLazrIne be putro hatA. jemAM eka gautamItenI paNa pratitI thaI jAya che. A pramANe naM 7nA putra gAdIpati che ane bIjo putra to che, paNa te gAdIe lekhane tathA temAM darzAvelI sAlane, zaka prajAnA nika nathI, paraMtu haiyAta che. te maitamIputra karatAM meTe paNa dana-sthAnane tathA samayane, lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. che15 chatAM game te kAraNasara lekha ketarAvatI vakhate autamIputranA rAjyanA 24mA varase) gAdI upara naM. 8-nAsika birAjamAna thayela nathI;16 bake jeNe 24 varasa gautamIputra zAtakaraNine, pitAnA rAjya, 24mAM pahelAM gAdI tyAga karI dIdhuM hovAthI A nAne (15) je nAnA putra hoya che, tene ullekha karavAnI (19) A meTA putra zA mATe gAdI u5ra nathI Avyo bIlakula jarUra raheta nahIM; athavA jarUra paData to bIjA te hakIkta mATe tenuM jIvanavRttAMta jue. koI zabdo va5rAyA heta. - 13

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zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa putra gatamIputra zAtakaraNi gAdIe beTho che. A lekha paratu tenuM rAjya tarata samApta thAya che ema uparanA kotarAvyA pachI rAjA gautamIputra keTalAM varSa jIvyo pArigrAphamAM lakhI gayA chIe eTale pitAnA rAjahaze te spaSTa thatuM nathI. paraMtu tenA nAmane samaya nagarathI beThA beThA athavA AkharI maMdavADamAM dharmAdA nidarzana karatA kAI bIjo zilAlekha ke sikko maLI tarIkenA dAna mATe19 te hukama pAThavyo haze ema AvatA nathI, eTale jema vidvAnoe TharAvyuM che tema samajAya che. vaLI A anumAnane che. te bAda thoDA samaye ja (ane AgaLa upara jaizuM repsananA zabdothI samarthana maLe che. teo lakhe20 ke temaja banavA pAmyuM che) tenuM maraNu nIpajyuM hatuM che ke " it is quite possible that some ema mAnI levuM rahe che. te bAda rANI baLIne cause, such as failure of health pautra rAjA pulumAvI gAdIe Avyo che ane in his later years, may have led to tenA rAjyakALa 19mA varase, nIce lakhelA zilAlekha the association of queen Bala-Sri in naM. 13nI hakIkata banI che, je khuda rANI baLIe the government=taddana saMbhavita che ke, tenI svapreraNAthI18 kotarAvI dekhAya che. (rAjA gautamIputranI) jiMdagInA pAchalA varSomAM, banne . 7 ane naM. 8 lekhenuM sthaLa nAzika ja bagaDatI tabiyata jevA keI kAraNane lIdhe, rAjyache ane hukama pharamAvanAra paNa baMnemAM rAjA gautamIputra vahIvaTamAM rANIzrI baLathInI sahAya levI paDI haze." zAtakaNi ja che, chatAM je vastu samajavA jevI rahe che. resananA uparanA vAkyamAMnA prathamArtha sAthe ame che te nIce pramANe che. naM. 7mAM, rAjA pite vaijayaMti maLatA thaIe chIe. paraMtu uttarArdha sAthe saMmata thaI gAme mukAma nAMkhI paDela che ane tyAMthI govaradhana nathI zakatA, kemake rANI baLazrIe rAjavahIvaTa prAMtanA pitAnA adhikArIne hukama kare che eTale pitAnA hAthamAM lIdhAnuM anya pramANa maLatuM nathI. spaSTa thAya che ke, te samaye rAjA pote paNa laDAInI kadAca ema kahevAmAM paNa Ave ke "whose son doravaNI karatA hatA. temaja, je sthAne lekha katarAto is living' zabdo, jIvaMta rAjAnI TUMkI thatI hoya tyAM taratI vakhate rAjAnI upasthiti hovI ja jatI jIvanadorInA, aMtima samayasUcaka che. eTale joIe ema nizcitapaNe mAnI levAnuM nathI. rAjAnuM rAjyavahIvaTa calAvavA mATe kausila jevuM kAMI taMtra nAma te mAtra sattAdhikAra sUcavavA pUratuM ja hoya che. nImyuM hoya ne temAM rANI baLazrIne sAmela rAkhI naM. 7no samaya,rAjyakALanA 14mA varSane che jayAre hoya. paraMtu A bemAMthI eka kAraNa saMbhavita naM. 8ne samaya 24mA varSane che. benI vacce 6-7 lAgatuM nathI. kAraNa ke jIvaMta rAjA pratye-udezIne varSanuM aMtara che. naM. 7mAM jaNAvela hukama choDatI je te zabda vaparAyA heta te, vAkyanI racanA ja vakhate rAjA caMtimAM beTho che jyAre naM. 8mAno karI gaI hota. 21 vaLI kaeNsiMla jevuM taMtra ja Adeza karatI vakhate pote kayAM che te jaNAyuM nathI. nImavAnI jarUra nahatI, kAraNa ke kumAra pulumAvI 17) eTale A gautamIputrane putra, ke uparamAM jaNAvela (19) jema hiMduomAM atyAre, maraNa samaye dharmAdA moTAputrano putra, te hatuM eTaluM tapAsavuM rahe che. paraMtu je devAno rivAja che tema te samaye paNa haze ema samajAya saMgamAM "haiyAta putra" ane bIjI hakIktane ulekha che, kemake A hukama kADhavyA pachI taratamAM tenuM maraNa nIpajayuM thaye che tathA rAjA gautamIputranuM maraNa tarata ja thayuM che te che. A hukama tenI mAe, rAjAnA nAmathI kADhayAnuM je badhuM jotAM, pelA moTA haiyAta putrane ja putra gAdIe lakhyuM che te A anumAnane samarthana kare che. AvyA che ema samajavuM rahe che. (20) ke, A. re. pa. pU. 48. (18) A lakhavAnA kAraNa mATe AgaLa juo. (21) jemake

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pacama pari de ]. zilAlekha [ harTa je gautamaputranI pAchaLa gAdIpati thayo che te pite gAmanI baMkSIsanuM te pharamAne che." pukhta uMmarane hatuM temaja te nisaMzaya vArasadAra bhAvArtha saMbaMdhI amAre kAMI lavaleza sUcavavAnuM paNa karI cUkayo je hatA. A sarva hakIkata tenA nathI. naM. 7mAM lakhela pharamAne pachI be ja pakhavRttAMtathI jANavAmAM Avaze. AvA saMjogone lIdhe ja vADiye-eka mahine-A naM. 9 nuM pharamAna che, eTale A samaye rAjavahIvaTamAM kaI prakArano khAsa hisso tene Adeza paNa vaijayaMti mukAmethI nIkaLyuM hatuM rANI baLazrIe lIdho hovAno amAre InkAra kare ema samajavAnuM che ane te pramANe ja sarve viThAnenuM paDayo che tathA teNe ja svapreraNAthI te hukama kaDhAvyo mAnavuM thayuM che. jyAM amAre mataphera thAya che te mATe hoya ema lakhavuM paDayuM che. ane tethI ja teNIe In nIcenI sUcanA karIe chIe. eTaluM te spaSTa che ja - the name of king Gautamiputra rAjA ke, naM. 7 nuM sthaLa nAsika ane na. 9 nuM kAle che. gautamIputranA nAme evA zabda vAparyA che. je bane ke pAse che, paraMtu te samaye te bannene ApaNuM anumAnane samarthana Ape che. samAveza bhinna bhinna nAmanA prAMtamAM karAte hato. nAsikavALAM prAMtanuM nAma gavaradhana ane kAlenuM mAmA naM. -kAle jaNAvyuM che. mAmaDine badale mAmAla paNa vicAryuM che rAjA gautamIputra zAtakaraNi, pitAnA rAjye athavA kahe ke, ketarAyela akSaramAM kAMIka pheraphAra 18 mAM varSe comAsAnI RtumAM, zuM 5khavADiyuM dekhAya che (pachI te pheraphAra mULethI ja cAlyo Ave ane prathama divase. che ke RtunI asarathI nIpaje che, ke kArigaranAM te lekhanI matalaba A pramANe che. 23 "It hathiyAranI cAlAkInuM pariNAma che, te nirALo prazna places on record an edict sent to the che). paraMtu akSaranA ukelamAM AvA aneka prakAranI minister in charge of Mamada (line 1) gu naDatI hovAthI amAruM ema anumAna thAya che or Mamata (line 2). no doubt the name ke, mAmADane sthAne manamADa (jema hAlamAM te pradeza of the Ahira in which Karle was pAse manamADa gAme, jI. AI. pI nuM manamADa jaMkazana situated......The edict grants to the che tema) haze. tathA varakanI guphAne sthAne A monks living in the caves of Valaraka "IlorA"nI guphA kahIe chIe tevuM sthAne sUcavata the village of Karajaka in the Mamala koI zabda haze. A zabda sUcavavAnuM khAsa projana district=mAmADa (pakti 1) ke mAmAla (paMkti 2) e che ke, rAjA gautamIputra dAnakartA che. dAnane hetu upara adhikAra bhegavatA pradhAnane karAyela hukamanI guphAmAM rahetA tapasvI muni ane RSione upatemAM noMdha che; je-jIllAmAM kAle AvyuM che tenuM ja kArArthane che, vaLI rAjA pote jainadharmI che (juo tenuM kharekhara A (mAmADa) nAma che-valurakanI guphAomAM varNana ane sikkAcitra) temaja kAle ane irAnI vasatA tapasvIone mAmAla jIllAmAM AvelA karajaka24 guphAomAM jainasaMpradAyane lagatAM daryo kotarAyelAM (a) In the name of the king Gautamiputra, zabda ja puratA che. but by the queen-mother or by king's (22) A zabda batAve che ke kasilane vahIvaTa mother,=gautamIputranA nAme paNa rAjamAtAe athavA nahato ja. rAjAnI, mAe. (23) ke. A. 2. pra. pR. 49, (b) whose son is living=jene putra hayAta che. (24) jI. Ai. pI. relavenuM hAlanuM karajata sTezana AvA zabdo lakhavAnI ja jarUra na hota, mAtra (a) vALA vALuM sthAna haze ke ?

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100 ] adyaparyata jaLavAI rahelAM najare paDe che. AvAM anekavidha kAraNathI upara jaNAvyA pramANe sUcanA karavAM paDe che. lipi vizArA A upara lakSa Apaze evI vinaMti che. zilAlekhA [ ekAdazama kha'Da lAkha dravya kharacIne kRSNA nadInA kinAre ennAtakanagare je mahAcaitya prasAda baMdhAvyA hatA (vizeSa hakIkata mATe jIe pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta) te samajavAnA che. adyaparyaMta AnI eLakha kAI vidvAne ApyAnuM amArA jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. pu. 4mAMnuM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate ame je anumAna deryuM hatuM te paNa sadhaLI paristhitithI vAk thaIne svataMtra rIte ja doryuM hatuM. amArA te anumAnane ahIM varNavelA A amarAvatI stUpanA zilAlekhathI samarthana maLe che eTale have te hakIkata, satyaghaTanA tarIke puravAra thAya che, erissA sarakAra taraphathI kaligadezanA ItihAsane lagatuM pustaka hAla je lakhAI rahyuM che tenA vidvAna saMpAdaka DaoN. pAMDayAe, samrATa khAravelanA caritra ane hAthIguMphAnA lekha upara avanavA prakAza pADayA che temaNe amane A bAbata e eka patra lakhyA hatA parantu A purAvA tyAM sudhI amane maLI AvyA nahAtA. eTale amArA pu. 4nuM lakhANa joI levA vinaMti ja mAtra karI hatI.para`tu AlekhathI have sAbita thayuM ke rAjA zAtakaraNa vasiSThaputra ane kaliMgapati eka ja saMpradAyanA hatA-eTale ke banne jainadharma pALatA hatA. A hakIkata zAtakaraNinA sikkAethI paNa puravAra thaI che. amarAvatI stUpane naM. 10amarAvatI bhUMsAi gai che. vasiSThaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI; varSanI sAla (jIe te viSaya)27 atyAra sudhI bauddhadharmanA smAraka tarIke lekhAvAya che te bhUlabhareluM che; temaja A amarAvatI urphe ennAtaTanagaranI (jIe uparamAM) jAheAjalAlI I. sa. nau prathama sadI sudhI tA jaLavAI rahelI dekhAya che. have eka muddo ane te bAda A lekhanI vigata baMdha karIzuM. vidvAna lekhake je jaNAvyuM che ke, "The present edict was also issued by Gautamiputra Satakarni as a result of his victory over Nahapan=nahapANa upara vijaya meLavyAnA same ja gaiAtamIputra zAtakaraNie vartamAna pharamAna paNa kADhayuM hatuM." matalaba OM naM. 7 ane naM. 9nA lekhA nahapANune pa jItyAbAda tarata kAtarAvyAnuM teo mAne che. kharI hakIkata tema nathI. nahupANu teA kayArA marI paNa gayA che. te bAda keTalAMya varSe tenI kSaharATa prajA 6 upara A zAtakaraNie jIta meLavI che, ke jenA smAraka tarIke te lekha kAtarAvyA che. eTale ke kSaharATa napANu uparanI jIta nathI, paraMtu te je prajAnA hatA tevI kSaharATa ane tene maLatI anya prajA upara jIta meLavI hatI ema lekhavAnuM che. Records a gift to the Amravati Top [ line 2; mahacitya=the great caitya ]= amarAvatI TApane bakSIsa ApyAnI noMdha che (paMkti 2, mahAcitya=mahA caitya). lekha vize nAMdhavA jevuM nathI. ahIM je mahAcaityane bakSIsa ApavAnuM lakhyuM che, te kaliMgapati khAravele hAthIguMphAnA lekhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe 35 (25) sarakhAvA uparanI TIkA na'. 14 tathA 26. (26) A bannene samaya (temanA vRttAMte jue) sarakhAvavAthI khabara paDaze. [nahapANunuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 74 mAM che; ane gautamI -- naM. 11--12 nAsika anne vasiSThapatra svAmIzrI pulumAvInA che pahelAmAM khIjAM varSa, ziyALAnuM ceAthuM pakhavADiyuM, chaThTho (AThama) putra zAtakaraNinI jIta i. sa. pU. para-53 mAM che. kadAca tethI paNa betraNa varSAM AgaLanI che; eTale e vacce lagabhaga 20-22 varSInuM aMtara che ]. (27) sarakhAvA pu. 1, pR. 312 DhIkA na . 78,

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paMcama pariccheda ] divasa. tathA khIjAmAM chaThThuM varSa, nALAnuM pAMcamuM pakhavADiyuM (pahelA) divasa. A banne lekha vize khAsa lakhavA jevuM nathI. naM. 11mAM svAmizrI ane puchumArka zabdo che jyAre naM. 12mAM zrI pulumAyI che. paraMtu A pheraphArA kAMi aitihAsika hakIkatane sparza karatA nathI eTale te upara carcAnI jarUra nathI. zilAlekhA naM. 13--nAsika vAsiSThIputra zrI pulumAvI, 19 muM vaSa~, unALAnuM bIjuM pakhavADiyuM, ane teramA divasa. A zilAlekha ati mahattvapUrNa che. kAraNa ke temAM gautamIputra zAtakaraNanA tathA tenI pAchaLa gAdIe besanAra vAsikhriputra sAtakaraNanA jIvana upara khUba khUba prakAza paDe che ane te paNa te bannenI aMtaranI sagI thatI eka vyakti taraphathI kAtarAyala che eTale (28) dakSiNApathezvara ane dakSiNApatimAM zuM phera che, kANa mATuM gaNAya tenI carcA mATe AgaLa upara agiyArame pariccheda jue. (29) jaina sAhityamAM "rANAzrI maLazrI"nI sabhAmAM (4. sU. su. TI. pR. 128) ke rAjadarabAramAM amuka vAda thayA evA ullekhA Ave che. te rANAneA ane A rANImAtA khaLazrIne! samaya lagabhaga eka Ave che. ane A jaina matAnucAyI, prabaLa bhAvanAzALI ane lAgavaga dharAvatI vyaktinA sAnidhyamAM carcA thAya te paNa suyaeNAgya lAge che. hAla tA ATalI sUcanA karI, vizeSa zeAdhana upara te hakIkatane cheDI devI rahe che. (30) jyArathI caMdragupta samrATa dIkSA laine, temanA gurU zrIbhadrabAhu sAthe dakSiNamAM vihAra karI gayA che, tyArathI A geAdAvarI ane kRSNA nadInA mULavALA pAtIya pradezamAM, jaina sAdhuonI sthiti vizeSa thavA mAMDI che, tethI ja jainadhamI nahapANa ane rUSabhadatte, jInaeNra, paiThaNa, nAsika, kanherI Adi temanAM tItha dhAmAthI bharacaka evA A pradeza meLavavA vAra'vAra yuddho khelyAM che. vaLI sarakhAvA caturthAM paricchede rAjagAdInA sthAnavALI hakIkatanuM vana tathA pu. 4, 5, 217nI hakIkata tathA pu. 3nA aMte [ 101 vizvasanIya mAhitIrUpa gaNuAya tema che. te vize DaoN. rUpsana lakhe che ke "This is an inscription of Queen Gautamiputra Bala-Sri, the mother of Gautami Sri-Satakarni and the grandmother of Pulumavi, the Lord of Deccan......It records the donation of a cave by Queen BalaSri to the Buddhist monks of the Bhadavaniya school dwelling on mount Trirasmi, and of the gift of Pulumavi of the village of 'Pisajipadaka' for its support=gaitamIputra zrI zAtakaraNanI mA, ane dakSiNApathezvara28 pulumAvInI pitAmahI-dAdI, rANI gautamI khaLazrIne 29 A lekha che...temAM trIrasmi zRMga upara rahetA 'bhadAvanIya'21 saMpradAyavALA bAh32 sAdhuone rANI khaLazrI taraphathI guphAnI bheTa apAyAnI, Abhira ane trikUTaka rAjAonuM vRttAMta zrIbhadrabAhu pachI dasamI peDhIe thayela zrIvajrasvAminuM svargagamana (juo nIcenI TIkAna. 37) tathA te bAda thayela keTalAka AcAryanA vihAra pradeza A trirazmi pa`ta samajAya che ane tethI ja te samaye jaina matAnucAyIo A sthAnane pavitra gaNI ati mahatva ApatA dekhAya che. (bhadrakhAhu ane temanI peDhI mATe nIcenuM vRkSa ane te pahelAMnI peDhI mATe pu. 2, pR. 30, TI, na. 126 jIe) (31) rAjA zAtakaraNanA dharmAM jaina che. eTale A bhaThThAvanIya ' zabda paNa tenA dharmane lagatI koi zAkhAneAja saMbhave che. se. yu. i. pu. 12 mAM Ane lagatA nAmA pre|. jekeAkhIe ApyAM che te jue, jaina vidvAnA A khAkhata tapAsa kare evI vinaMti che. athavA tenA ukelamAM kAMi heraphera thai hAya te| te tapAsI jovuM rahe che. amane kAI jAtanI mAhitI na heAvAthI kAMi cAsa karI zaktA nathI. (32) vidvAnAe pAtAnI mAnyatA zabda ja vAparye rAkhyA che. vAMcakAne have thatI jatI haze ke, te zabdamAM pheraphAra ubhI thatI jAya che. pramANe bauddha dhIme dhIme khAtrI karavAnI jarUriyAta

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* sara * . 102 ] zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa tathA tenA nibhAva mATe 'pisAjIpadaka' nAme 3 gAmaDuM lekhanA hArda vize ATalI sAmAnya carcA karIne pulumAvIe bakSIsa ApyAnI noMdha karI che." ATaluM have tenI aitihAsika bAju tarapha vaLIzuM. De. lakhIne granthakartAe rANIbaLazrInA putra zaitamIputranA resane jaNAve che ke, "The great historical putra tarIke vAsiddhiputra zrI pulumAvIne jaNAvatA keTha importance of the inscription consists batAvyo che. paraMtu ApaNe AgaLa upara sAbita in the information which it gives as karIzuM ke vasiSThaputra te gautamIputrano putra nathI. paraMtu to the extent of Gautamiputra's tenA meTAbhAIno putra eTale bhatrIjo thAya che. dominion and the events of his reign= bAkI rANI baLazrIno pautra thatA te vAta te barA- te lekhanuM mahAna aitihAsika mahattva, zaitamIputranA bara ja che. bIjI hakIkata e che ke, jyAM tyAM sAdhuo rAjyanA vistArane lagatI tathA tenA rAjyanA anya ane tapasvIo mATe kaI gAmaDuM (gAmaDAnI pedAza) banAvone lagatI je mAhitI temAM apAI che tene paNa sAthe sAthe bakSIsa ApyAnI je vAta zilA- lIdhe che. A paratve pitAnA vicAra saMkSiptamAM lekhomAM vicArapUrvaka jaNAvavAmAM Ave che te (pra. pR. 31, pAri 4ra juo) jaNAvI dIdhA che ke, sAbitI Ape che ke, prAcIna samaye rAjakartAo In Queen Bala-Sri's inscription GaupitAne dharma pratye kevAM prema-kALajI ane dhagaza tamiputra is styled king of the dharAvatA hatA (pu 2mAM sikkA prakaraNe darzAvelI hakI- following countries -Asika, Asaka, kata sAthe sarakhA). tema e paNa spaSTa thatuM jAya Mulaka, Suratha, Kukura, Aparanta che ke, pUrvakALe RSimunIo ke AtmacintanArthe Anupa,Vidarba,Akara,Avanti (p. xxxiii); talasatA abhyarthIjane, vasatImAM-saMsAramAM rahelA Gautamiputra is further styled lord manuSyanA saMsargamAM nahAtA rahetA paNuM girizikhara ane of the following mountains:-Vindhya, guphAo jevA ekAMta ane nirjana sthaLomAM ja rahe- aksvat or Rksa Paripatra, Sahyadris, vAnuM pasaMda karatA hatA tathA temane nibhAvavA Krishnagiri, Maca, Sristana, Malaya, mATe be vasatI ke prajA upara nahIM paNa rAjya Mahendra, Setagiri and Cakora rANI upara ke rAjakta upara ja raheto hate.. baLazronA zilAlekhamAM nIce jaNAvela pradezanA (8) dina 453-470=17 (1) zrI bhadrabAhu ma. sa. 156 thI 170 (2) sthUlibhadra 170-215=45 . (9) siMhagiri 470-548=78 (3) Arya)mahAgiri (4) (Aya) suhasti 25-245=30 245-292=47 (samrATa priyadarzinanA gurU) (10) vaja 548-584=I. sa. 21 thI 57=36= (zakAri vikramAditya tathA tenA pachI traNe rAjAnA samakAlina; janma che. sa. pU. 31) (33) nIcene zilAlekha naM. 14 juo. (34) jainadharmanA tIrthakaronA mekSasthAne paNa A kAraNathI ja pArvatIya pradezamAM AvyAM samajavAM (juo pu. 1 pR. 76 TI. naM. 13 tathA sarakhAvo pu. 2 mAM priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekhevALAM sthaLa. (35) ke. A. re. pra. pR. 50. (36) A pradezanA tathA parvatanAM keTalAMka nAma bhaM. (5-6) (Arca)susthi ane (Arya)sapratibaddha ( bane maLI ra92 thI 37684 ) (7) IMdradina 376-453=77

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- - paMcama paricheda ] zilAlekha [ 103 rAjavI tarIke gautamIputrane saMbo che-asika, sent the extent of his empire, the asaka, (azvaka), mULaka, suraTha,(saurASTra) kukura, aparAMta, names of the mountains mentioned anUpa, vidabha (vidarbha), AkAra, avaMti (pra. pR. 33 more adequately vindicate his claim juo);te uparAMta gautamIputrane nIcenA parvatano svAmI to be called the Lord of the Daccan hevAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM che; vidhyA, rUkSavata 37 urphe rUkSa, (Daksinapathapati) the heriditary title pAripAtra, sahyAdri, kRSNagiri 30, maca, zrIstana, malaya, of the Satavahana dynasty=joke lekhamAMnAM mahendra, seDhagiri (tagiri ke zreSThagiri) ane cakora." sthaLonAM nAmo uparathI gautamIputre meLavela chanI 39 A pramANe lakhIne potAne svataMtra abhiprAya darzAvatA nedha nIkaLe che ane te uparathI kaI paNa rIte hAya tevA udagAra (jIe pR. 36) kADhe che ke "While tenA sAmrAjyanuM mApa nIkaLI zakatuM nathI, chatAM the place-names in the inscription je parvatAnAM nAmane nirdeza karAyo che te uparathI thus merely record the conquests of to tene je dakSiNApathapati (ke je upanAma zAtavahana Gautamiputra and in, no way repre* vaMzanuM ja che) kahevAmAM Ave che te dAvo vizeSa spaSTa goLamAM jANItA che ane keTalAMka saMzodhana mAge che. ghaNAnI bhajavatAM, potAnA mitra evA gabhIlavaMzI bhUpationI oLakha pu. 2 mAM priyadarzinanA vaNane sudarzana taLAvanI kumake rahIne laDo che eTale teno carA ane bhUprAptino prazastimAM, tathA pu. 4 mAM rUdradAmananA vRttAMtamAM apAI lAbha, te gabhIlAnA nAme caDAvAya che (jIe 5. 4mAM gaI che tyAMthI joi levI. temanuM vRttAMta. A vaMzanA ane gardabhIlavaMzI sikkAomAM bAkI je upayogI nathI te mUkI dIdhAM che. tema keTa- avaMtinuM cross & balls vALuM cinha paNa A kAraNane lAkanI mAhitI maLatI nathI athavA to zaMkAya che. lIdhe ja che, tathA saurASTranI bhUmimAMthI gautamIputranA (37) ka. sU. su. 130:-pite eTale vajasUri (juo upara sikkAo je maLI Ave che te tathA sAMcI stupa upara TI. naM. 30) sAthe rahelA sAdhunI sAthe rathAvarta parvata upara zAtakaraNi lekha paNa A kAraNane lIdhe che. juo uparamAM jai anazana karI devaloke gayA (sopAraka nagaramAM pote lekha naM. 4nuM varNana; te sarva A sthitinI sAbitIrUpa sthiti karIne rahyA hatA tenA anusaMdhAnamAM uparanuM vAkya samajavuM.) sarakhA nIce TI. 40. ucArAyuM che. eTale ke tyAMthI pite rAvarta parvata upara (40) u5ra nirdiSTa thayela sthaLanAM-pradezanAM nAme jegayA che. jethI samajavuM rahe che ke, A parvata sopAraka nArane to turata lAgaze ja ke tenuM sAmrAjya uttara hiMdamAM nagaranI bahu najIkamAM haze. vaLI rAjA hAla zAlivAhananA paNa vistareluM hovuM joIe, chatAM tema nathI banavA pAmyuM te vRttAMta tenI dhArmika pravRttivALA pArigrAphe juo. mATe ja A udgAre sAkSIrUpa samajavA. (uparanI TIkA (38) ko. o. re. pR. 33-The Black Moun- 39 sarakhA). tain, which is mentioned in the Kanheri insc- (41) AkhA zAtavAhana vaMzanuM temaNe kahI dIdhuM che te ription and from which, no doubt Kanheri vyAjabI nathI. Ama bAlavAne temaNe je ke kAraNuM batAvyuM che takes its name=kALAparvata, jenuM kaherI lekhamAM varNana cheuparanA lekha naM. 1, tathA A naM. 13 nA lekhamAM te apAyuM che (juo A. sa. ke. IM. 5.5 5. 79 TI. naM. zabda vaparAyo che, temane pulumAvI vAsiSThaputranA saMbaMdhamAM 15 tathA pR. 84 TI. 24) ane je uparathI kaherInuM nAma dakSiNapathezvara paNa vaparAya che. paraMtu kharI hakIkata e (juo nIce zilAlekha naM. 22) paDayuM hoya ema zaMkArahita che ke, naM 1 ane 13vALA zAtavAhana vaMzIo tevA parAkramI lAge che. thayA hatA temaja temanA sAmrAjyano vistAra paNa AkhA uparanI TIkA naM. 30nI hakIkta sAthe sarakhAve. dakSiNa hiMdamAM prasarI rahyo hato ane tethI ja mAtra be (39) ekarIte kahIe te A jIte teNe meLavI paNa cAra jaNAne ja te upanAma ApI zakAya tema che, nahIM ke kahevAya, paraMtu te laDAiomAM teNe svataMtrapaNe bhAga nahIM dareke darekane.

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104 ] zilAlekho [ ekAdazama khaMDa paNe dekhAI Ave che." seMdhAvavo paDe tema che. (1) prathama to pulumAvI te vaLI AgaLa jatAM pAri. 45mAM vasiSThaputra zAta- gautamIputrane putra (upara TI. na. 17 tathA pR. 97nI karaNinI kArakIrdinuM varNana karatAM kahe che ke "Gau- hakIkata) nathI paNa bhatrIje thAya che. paraMtu te muddo tamiputra Sri-Satakarni, was succeed- kAMI gaMbhIra nathI. (2) pulumAvInuM rAjaya te lagabhaga ed by his son Vasisthiputra Sri-Pu- 65 varSa sudhI cAlyuM che (juo vaMzAvaLI) paraMtu lumavi who is known to have required ahIM ochAmAM ochuM 24 varSa44 cAlyAnuM jANuMfor at least 24 years..whom Rudra- vAyuM che eTale ApaNe khAsa virodha uThAvavAnuM daman (inscr. dated Saka 72=A.D.150) prayojana nathI ja. bAkI gautamIputra zAtakaraNine twice in fair fight completely defeated. rAjyakALa 24 varSe pUro thayo hato eTaluM satya che. It is significant that in this inscription (3) rUdradAmane be vakhata harAvyAnI vAta-sudarzananA the terrtorial titles which Gautamiputra taLAvanI prazasti uparathI upajAvI kADhI che. pu. 2, won by his conquests are not inherited pR. 397-7 ane pu. 4mAM pR. 208thI 169 sAbita by his son who is simply styled 'Lord karI gayA pramANe te sarva hakIkata te samrATa priyaof the Deccan (Daksinapathesvara)= darzinanI yazagAthArUpe lakhAI che. rUdradAmanane temAM gAtIputra42 zrI zAtakaraNinI pachI teno putra saMbaMdha nathI. vaLI te prazastimAM ke. . 2.nA vasiSThaputra zrIpulumAvI gAdIe beThe che. teNe ochAmAM utArAmAM 72nI sAlane AMka paNa nathI paraMtu mULa ochuM 24 varSa rAjya karyuM che-jene be vakhata khullA e. I. pu. 8mAM che. eTale ke temaNe te rUdradAmananA yuddhamAM saMpUrNapaNe rUdradAmane harAvyo hate (zilAlekhanI anya lekhamAMnA AMka sAthe ghaTAvIne lakhI dIdhI che sAla zaka hara=I. sa. 15)...khAsa nedhavAlAyaka chatAM rUdradAmananI hayAtino te samaya heIne ApaNe che ke pote meLavela chatane lIdhe gautamIputre je svIkArI laIzuM. paraMtu rUdradAmanane samaya I. sa. 150 upanAme birada-prApta karyA hatAM te A zilAlekhamAM nathI tene samaya te pacIsa varSa moDe che (juo pR. 4 tenA putrane lagADavAmAM43 AvyAM nathI, tene to mAtra tenuM vRttAMta) te temanA jaNAvyA pramANe pelA grIka dakSiNApathezvara ja kahIne saMbodhe che. bhUgoLavettA TelemIne ca9NanA samakAlIna tarIke gaNauparanA kathanamAM aneka hakIkatane virodha ApaNe vAthI sAbita karI zakAya che. chatAM itihAsamAM jyAM (42) A nAmavALI vyaktione naM 17 ane naM 18 me nathI karatA, ghaNAM nAme ekaThA karavAthI je vistAra dhArIne lakhANa karyuM che. paraMtu have ApaNane mAhitI maLI bane, tenA karatAM ye ghaNe meTe vistAra kevaLa eka nAmathI rahI che ke, eka nAmanI aneka vyaktio thaI che te pachI paNa sUcavI zakAya che. naM. 17ne badale naM. 24 ke 26 kAMna heca temaja naM. 18 vaLI dakSiNapati ane dakSiNApathezvara vacceno bheda ne sthAne naM. 25 ke 29 kAM na hoya. (sarakhA nIcenI keie ukelI batAvyuM nathI eTale temanI sarakhAmaNI TIkAo naM.43 tathA 44) jo ke rUdradAmanane lagatI hakIkata te asthAne che (sarakhA uparanI TIkA 42 tathA nIcenI .44) nIpajAvI kADhelI have puravAra thaI che eTale atre je vicAre (44) 24 varSa che eTale ahIM naM. ra6neja lekhavAne darzAvAyA che te bahu mahattvanA nathI karatA. naM. 17, 18nA che, vaLI naM. 24, 25 ane 26vALAmAM paNa gautamIputra jIvanacaritre karela vivecanathI spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, A vAsiSThaputra ema, keI uparano ke koI pAchaLane che, te ja naM. 13no lekha naM. 17, 18 nA AMdhrapatine AzrayIne ja pramANe naM. 27, 28 ane 29nuM. paNa che. vaLI te sarvene lakhAyala che. samaya caThaNa ane rUdradAmananA samasamI tarIke paNa che. (43) ghaNAM nAmevALA khAtenI jIta meLavI tethI te eTale kayo kANu, te nakkI karavuM jarA muzkela che.

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paMcama paricchedna ] zilAlekhA ceAkasAInuM tattva na heAya tyAM 25-30 varSanuM aMtara calAvI laI zakAya tevuM gaNAya che. te hisAbe rUdradAmananA samaya I. sa. 150ne kabUla rAkhatAM paNa vastusthitinA meLa khAya tema nathI. kemake A vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNanuM maraNa ja (jIe vaMzAvaLI) rUdradAmananA samaya pahelAM lagabhaga se| va` upara thaI gayuM che. eTale tenI sAthe yuddhamAM utaravAnI kalpanA ja vaMdhyAputra jevI kahevAya. rUdradAmanane dakSiNanA svAmI evA AMdhrapati sAthe yuddhamAM utaravuM paDayuM che, paNa te vyakti ja anya che. matalaba ke AkhAye rUdradAmanane prasaMga ja45 taddana upekSA karavA yeAgya che. (4) sauthI vizeSa vAMdhA paDatI bAbata have Ave che. gautamIputrane rANIzrI khaLazrIe dakSiNApathapati (kA. AM. re. pR. 36; tathA uparamAM pR. 103) ane vasiSThaputrane dakSiNApathezvara (kaiA AM. re. pR. 38; tathA uparamAM pR. 104) kahIne saMkheAkhyA che.A baMne zabdAmAM dakSiNApatha sAmAnya zabda che; uparAMta ekamAM pati ane khIjAmAM Izvara zabda samAsarUpe joDavA che. pati zabdathI kevaLa svAmitva sUcavAya che jyAre Izvara zabdathI mAlikI, meATAI, caDiyAtApaNuM batAvavA uparAMta pUjyabhAva paNa darzAvAya che. matalaba ke dakSiNApathapati karatAM dakSiNApatyezvaranA hAdo dhaNA prakAre caDhiyAtA che, chatAM keA. AM. rai nA vidvAna lekhake utaratA46 gaNAvyA che. samajAya che ke, A samAsanA artha rUdradAmananI hakIkata sAthe meLA khAtA karavA pUratA ja temanA uddeza haze. bAkI ApaNe A banne kAkA-bhatrIjA-bhUpationAM vRttAMtamAM sAbita karI ApIzuM ke, bhatrIjo aneka rIte kAkA karatAM caDhiyAtA ja hatA ane rANI khaLazrIe apelAM birudA yeAgya ja hatAM. (45) rUdradAmane peAtAnI putrI zAtakaraNa vere paraNAvI hatI evI je mAnyatA pracalita che, tenuM vana AgaLa, lekha na, 17 mAM Avaze. eTale atre te hakIkata uccArI nathI. (46) joke aMgrejI anuvAda karatAM te temaNe banne ThekANe Lord of DeccanRRkSiNapati ja karyA che, paraMtu bannenAM 14 [ 105 naM. 14--nAzika vasiSThaputra zrI pulumAvI, rAjyanA 22mA varSe, unALAnuM (?) pakhavADiyuM sAtamA divasa. This is a continuation of the last, Pulumavi the Lord of Navanagar (Navanara-Swami) sends an order to his minister in Govardhana that the village of "Sudasana' (Skt; Sudarsana) given to the monks on the date men* tioned in the last inscription, shall be exchanged for the village of 'Samalipada' 'Sudarsana must therefore be another name of the village of Pisajipadaka= chellA (lekha)nA anusaMdhAnamAM A lekha che. navanara svAmi47 -(navanarapati athavA nagarapati) gAradhana prAMtanA peAtAnA sUbAne pharamAve che ke, AgaLanAM lekhamAM darzAvelI mitie sAdhuone je sudarzana gAma apAyuM che tene badale sAmalIpada gAma have ApavuM. te uparathI samajAya che ke, pIsAjIpadakanA gAmaDAnuM khIjuM nAma sudarzana heAvuM joI e. AmAM pIsAjIpadaka (jue naM. 13nA lekha)nuM khIjuM nAma sudarzana hatuM ema spaSTapaNe samajAya che. te uparAMta je ApaNe carcA karavA yeAgya muddo che te pulumAvInA upanAmane lagatA ja che. DaoN. bhAudAjI (ja. mAM. eM. rA. e. sA. pu. 8. pR. 139) tathA DaoN. khaSle (ja. mAM. . rA. e. seA. 1928, nyusIrIjha, pu, 3,) DaoN. repsananA matane maLatA thaI te jaNAve che ke, navanara eTale navuM nagara che vasAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM tenA svAmI tene kahevA. evI jIvana vRttAMtanuM varNana karatAM A vAta temaNe spaSTa karI nAMkhI che. (47) zilAlekhamAM mULa navanara zabda che. temAM navanagara lakhela nathI. navanagara tA vidvAnoe madha besatuM karavAnuM yeAjela che.

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106 ] zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa gaNatrIthI te muddo samajAve che ke, nahapANu kSaharATanA AvatA patine A nava purUSe kaI rIte jItavA samaye aMdhapatione rAjagAdInuM sthAna choDI devAnI detA nathI ane rAjAnI AbarUne UMcIne UMcI ja karaja pADI hatI eTaske vijetAoe te rAjagAdInA rAkhyA kare che; jema akabara zahenazAhanA darabAre spAnane bhAMgI toDI nAkhyuM hatuM paNa pAchaLathI bIrabala ToDaramala, abulaphajhala Adi hato, tethI jyAre A pradeza chatI laIne nagarane suMdara karIne prAcIna samaye avaMtipati ane gvAliyarapatinA samasavane saNI baLazrInA putra-pautre rAjagAdI darabAre bANa, mayura, bhavabhUti, vAcaspati ItyAdi asalanA sthAne lAvyA tyAre teNe te nagarIne nava (navuM) hatA, tethI pUrve kAlidAsa, bhAsa ityAdi hatA, tema nagara evuM upanAma ApyuM hatuM. eka rIte A sucanA zakAri vikramAdityanA darabAre paNa sAta ke nava mahAvadhAvI levAmAM kAMI vAMdhA jevuM nathI lAgatuM; paraMtu purUSo zobhatA hatA tevI daMtakathA pracalita che. vaLI kevaLa ATaluM ja kAraNa zilAlekhamAM tene navanara ApaNe jANIe chIe ke vikramAditya gardabhIlasvAmi tarIke oLakhAvavAne pUratuM gaNI zakAya ke kArine ane tenA vaMzajone, dakSiNapati zatavahanavaMzI kema? te muddAno vicAra karIe chIe tyAre vizeSa sAthe mitratA cAlI AvatI hatI ane tene aMge UMDANamAM utaravAnI jarUra paDe che ja. eka to eja rAjadvArI kSetre paNa madade AvIne ubhA rahetA hatA. prama prathama uThe che ke, zuM vijetAe rAjanagarane te amarakeSakAre rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane vikramAdityanI phoDIne veravikhera karI nAMkhyuM hatuM kharuM? kAMI pUrA upamA ApI che tathA kavi guNADhya gAthAsaptati nAme nathI ja mAtra kalpanA ja karI lIdhI che. vaLI bIjuMgraMtha racIne pitAnA piSaka bhUpatine vikramanI sAthe uparokta hAra khamI lIdhA pachI keTalAya gumAvela sarakhAvyo che. A badhAM daSTa ame upara sUcavyuM mulaka temaNe pAcho hastagata karI lIdhA hatA; eTaluM ja che tevA rAjya darabAre poSAtA navaratnAnI prathA cAlI nahi paraMtu gumAvela karatAM adhika pramANamAM na AvatI hovAnI mAnyatAne vizeSapaNe majabUta banAve paNa meLavI lIdho hato ane potAnI jAhojalAlImAM che. ane rAjAo AvI rItie potAnI AbarU paNa ora vRddhi karI dIdhI hatI. eTale nagara vasAvavA tathA kIrti dezaparadezamAM phelAtI javAne ati utsuka ke samAvavA jevuM eya rakhAyuM hoya te banavA yogya rahetA hatA tathA temAM pote abhimAna paNa dharAvatA nathI. chatAM TharAvo ke, jema sADAtraNa maNanI eka manuSya hatA. eTale pulumAvI zItakaraNie paNa teja prathAnuM dehamAM navaTAMka jeTalA nAkanI kiMmata vadhAre aMkAya anukaraNa karyuM hoya to temAM kAMI Azcarya jevuM nathI. che tema. aneka pradezonI chatanI sarakhAmaNImAM rAja- ane ApaNe tenuM jIvanacaritra lakhatAM joIzuM ke A pATanuM sthaLa nAnuM hoya te paNa tenI kiMmata aneka pulumAvI ghaNuM ja sAhitya ane kaLArasika rAjA gaNI vizeSa lekhavI joIe ja. kabUla. paraMtu bhUlavuM hato eTale ke te tevI rIte vidyAne uttejana Apo, joItuM nathI ke lekha ketarAvanAre te "navanarasvAmi' eTaluM ja nahi paNa svataH pote paNa graMtha racIne zabda ja lakhyo che. nahIM ke "navanagara svAmi'--eTale mUkate gayo che. tethI AvA vidyAvallabha rAjA pitAne te lakhavAmAM vizeSa hetu rahyo hoya ema samajAya che. navanara svAmi tarIke oLakhAvavA mATe manamAM amArI mAnyatA che ke nava eTale navuM nahi paNa abhakhAra rAkhyA kare ane enI prasiddha karavA lekhamAM saMkhyAvAcaka zabda le ane nara eTale nararatna- tathA prakAranI oLakha karAve te samajI zakAya tema narapuMgava. eTale navanararUpI ratnAe jene svAmi che. eTale " nagarasvAmi 'ne badale. jema lekhamAM tarIke kabUlyo che te nara pati; jenA rAjadarabAramAM "navanarasvAmi " lakhyuM che temaja tene ukela nava vidvAne sabhAmAM hAjara rahI keI paNa praznane karavAne che. ukela lAvavAmAM tatpara rahe che athavA bahArathI

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paMcama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 17, naM. 15-kale its exact purport is uncertain. The vasiSThaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI, 7muM varSa queen's name is missing but she is unALAnuM pamuM pakhavADiyuM. prathama divase. described as "Queen of Vasisthiputra The inscription records the dopa- Sri Satkarni, descended from the tion to the monks of Valuraka of a family of Kardamaka kings, she was village by so and so=amuka mANase vAlurakanA almost certainly also described as sAdhuone kaI gAma bakSisa ApyAnI hakIkata A [the daughter] of the Mahaksatrapa lekhamAM noMdhI che, vAlurakanA sthAne IrAka-IlarA- Rudra. There can be little doubt that elorAnI guphA tarIke jene ApaNe vartamAnakALe the Vasisthiputra here mentioned is oLakhIe chIe ke je guphA te samaye mAmADa- Pulumavi and the Mahaksatrapa-Rudra manamADanA AhAra prAMtamAM gaNAtI hatI (u5ramAM is Rudradaman=lekha tUTaka dazAmAM che, ane lekha naM. 9) te kahe che ema samajavuM. eTalI teno uddeza acesa che. rANInuM nAma guma thayuM che ja sUcanA amAre karavAnI che. paNa tene kAradamaka rAjakuTuMbamAMthI utarI AvelI ane vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNinI rANI tarIke oLakhAvI naM. 16 kAle * che. ghaNuMkharuM nakkI ja che ke teNIne mahAkSatrapa 2nI vasiSThaputra zrIpulumAvI, 24muM varSa, ziyALAnuM [putrI) tarIke ja oLakhAvI che. e paNa nisaMdeha trIjuM pakhavADiyuM, 3jo divasa. che ke, atra darzAvela vAsiSThIputra te pulumAvI che temAM pote je kArya 21mA varase karyuM hatuM tene ane mahAkSatrapa rUdra te rUdradAmana che. - ullekha che. A AMka 21ne je che tene De, khulare A kathanamAM amAre je me virodha karI rahe prathama 31 tarIke vAMcyo hato, paNa 24mA varSe je che te, vidvAnoe kevI kalpanAnA ghaDA daiThAgyAM che e hakIkatanI noMdha levAya che tene samaya tenI pUrvene ja bAbatane che. vidvAno kare te sarva mAnya thaI jAya hoya, pAchaLano saMbhavI zake nahi te spaSTa che ane ane keI navo ugato ke aparicita lekhaka te pramANe te pramANe have sudhAre thaI paNa gayo che eTale te kare te tene sarva tArI ja pADavA maMDI paDe che, saMbaMdhI kAMI kahevApaNuM rahetuM nathI. A prakAranI manodazA pravarti rahI che. upara ame je zabdo TAMkyA che te akSaraza che temaja tene lagatuM zilAlekha naM. 17 vivecana (juo uparamAM TIkA naM. 49) je karela che paNuMkarIne vAsiSThIputra zrIpulumAvInI rANIno ja te sarva ame barAbara vAMcI joyuM che. chatAM kayAMya A che. miti vinAne che. kathanane pUravAra karI Ape tevI hakIkta jaNAvI ja De. resane A pramANe noMdha lakhIja8 - nathI. alabatta saMbhave che ke, lekhane mULa utAre The inscription is fragmentary, and jyAMthI levAya che tyAM tenI carcA karAI hoya (48) ke, A. 2. pra. pR. 51, tathA pArA naM. 46, lekha naM. 24, 26, 27 ane 28 juo, 47 pR. 38, 9, (50) byulara; A. sake. I. pu. 1, pR.78 heTha (49) kadaMba ane rAtavahana kuTuMbo vacce lagnagraMthI 51, 11; vaLI sarakhA. I. e. pu.12(1883) pR. 273. lAMbA samayathI racAtI Avela che te mATe pR. 52 TI. naM. [pAchaLathI che e. pu. 12 jeI vALyuM che. temAM lakhyA 14nI peTA kalama cha, ja, jAo tathA AgaLa uparanA pramANe ja, lekhanI lipi ukela karI zakAtuM hoya te

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zilAlekhA 108 ] te te ApaNe tapAsavI rahe che. eTaluM jaNAvI A lekha paratve je zabdo che. eM. pu. 12mAM mULa tarIke ApavAmAM ApyA che ane je ame TI. naM. 50mA akSarazaH utAryA che te saMbaMdhI amArA vicAra jaNAvIzuM. prathama tA teneA artha eTalA ja thAya che ke, vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNinI rANIe, ke jeneA janma kAradamaka vaMzamAM thayA che ane je mahAkSatrapadra--nI putrI thatI hatI teNe-amuka kArya karAvyuM. A vAkaya khIjo zabda je kArddamaka che tene mulatavI rAkhI, trIjo rAkhta je mahAkSatraparUdra--che tenI carcA karI levI keTaleka aMze sugama paDe tema che te prathama hAtha putra,khIjo kArahamada ane trIjo mahAkSatrapadra; eka pachI eka zabdo vize ApaNe vicAra karIe. AmAM vAsiSThaputra sAthe tenI vizeSa eLakha mATe pulumAvI jevuM kAi upanAma joDeluM dekhAtuM nathI. mAtra tene sAdA nAmathI ja eLakhAvyA che. parantu vidvAnanuM mAnavuM che ke, "There can be little doubt that Vasisthiputra here mentioned is Pulumavi and the Mahaksatrapa Rudra is Rudradamana=kicit ja zaMkAspada che ke (arthAta lagabhaga ceAsa ja samajavuM rahe che ke) atra darzAvela vAsiSThaputra te puchumAvI che ane mahAkSatrapa rUdra te rUdradAmana che." AmAM temaNe vAsiSTha putra ne pulumAvI tarIke oLakhavAne kAMi dalIla ke AdhAra batAvyA nathI. chatAM carcAnI khAtara banne prakAre lakhAyelA te bhUpatione ApaNe tapAsI javA joI e ja. ane tevAM nAmeA teA nAmAvila jotAM naM. 18 25, 26, 27, ane ra9 vALAnAM dekhAya che. temAM naM. 26 vALAnuM upanAma pulumAvI che kharUM, parantu te gautamIputra che, jyAre ApaNe te vAsiSThaputranI ja vicAraNA karavAnI che eTale tenA tyAga karavA rahyo. tema naM. 18 ane 2pavALAnA samaye mahAkSatrapa pIdhAraka caNu vaMzIone oLakhAvavAmAM Ave mAMnA traNa akSare vivecana mAMgI le che. eka vAsiSTha-dharIe. AmAM rUdra--nI pAchaLa akSarA uDI gayA che eTale mahAkSatraparUdra--tI peAtAnI ja putro kahevAne ke mahAkSatrapa phdra--nA kAi amaladAra i. nI putrI kahevAne bhAvArtha che te kalpanAnA prazna Thare che. jo mahAkSatrapanI ja putrI TharAvAya teA prathamAkSara jenA rUdra... che tevuM nAma, jema rUdradAmana che tema lagabhaga te ja samaye pacIsa pacAsa varSanA gALAmAM thayela evA drasiMha ane rUdrasenanAM nAme paNa vicAramAM levAM joie ja ane amaladAranI putrI hAvAnI gaNanA vicAravAnI hoya teA, pu. 3. pR. 380mAM jaNAvI gayA pramANe mahAkSatrapa izvaradatta je Abhirapati hateA tathA zilAlekha naM. 39mAM jaNAvyA pramANe siMha mahAkSatrapanA sainyapati bhUti je Abhirapati hatA tevAne paNa vicAramAM levA ja rahe che. vaLI caNuvaMzanA saradAra evA izvaradatta Abhirane mahAkSatrapapada jema lAgyuM che tema rUdrabhUti sainya pati pazu te ja vaMzane saradAra heine tene paNa mahAkSatrapanuM upanAma joDI zakAya che. matalakha ke mahAkSatrapa rU...nI vicAraNA game te prakAre, mahAkSatrapa tarIke athavA tenA amaladAra tarIke, karA tApaNu rUdradAmananI sAthe drasena, rUdrasiha temaja drabhUti jevAne pazu zuM vicAravA joItA nathI ? have pelA mulatavI rAkhela 'kArahamaka' zabda laIe. [ ekAdazama khaDa che paraMtu te vaMzanI utpati ja naheAtI thai eTale te vaMzanA bhUpationA samakAlInapaNe vAsiSThaputra thayAnuM vicAravuM ja rahetuM nathI jethI temane paNa khAda karavA ja rahyA. eTale kevaLa na. 27 ane 29 vALI e vyaktinA ja vicAra karavA rahyo. (ame tenA abhyAsI nathI eTale mAtra sUcanA karavA sivAca khIjI karI na zakIe) vidvAnee TharAvela hakIkata naM. 25 tathA 26 naMbaranA rAjAne hajI lAgI zake, nahIM ke atre thavAtA naM. 18 rAjApulumAvIne ] te zabdo A pramANe che:-vAlichIputrasya zrI zArUkrnnisy devyA kAraddaddamaka vaMza prabhavAyA mahAkSatrapa ru putrA dhyAna rAkhavuM ke AmAM pulumAvI vAsiSThaputra kayAMya nathI; temaja rUdra nathI paNa (prathamAkSaraja) che,

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paMcama paricheda ] zilAlekhe [ 109 te to eka vaMzanuM nAma che te vize vidvAnoe evI najare paDe che. eTale je mahAkSatrapa rUka...zabdanI kalpanA besArI che ke "(She, the daughter of ane A kAraThamaka zabdanI vicAraNAnA pariNAmanuM Rudradaman) may have been indebted samIkaraNa karIzuM, te videzI evA rUdradAmananI putrI to the mother for this distinction= karatAM te teNI mahAkSatrapa rudrasiha athavA rUkasenanA teNInI (rUdradAmananI putrI tarIkenI) A oLakha koI saradAra, evA mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUti Abhira jevA teNInI mAne laIne hoya." A pramANe kalpanA daDA- nAmadhArI hindunI ane kadaMba prajAnI putrI thatI hatI vavAnuM temaNe koI paNa kAraNuM ApyuM nathI. paraMtu tevuM anumAna vadhAre yogya gaNAze. ane A pramANe saMbhavita che ke, jema AMdhrapatie potAnA mAtula nakkI thatAM prathama zabda je vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi che. gotra (Metronymics) uparathI pitAne oLakhA- te naM. 27 ke 29 mAMthI kone AzrayIne vaparAya vatA hatA tema teNIe potAne oLakhAvI hoya. have joIe eTaluM ja ApaNe vicAravuM ane zodhI AMdhrapatioe tema karyAnA te zilAlekhI ane kADhavuM rahe che. temAM naM. ra7no samaya I. sa. 153 thI sikkAI pUrAvAo che eTale temanI bAbatamAM tema 180=27 varSano ane naM. 29no I. sa. 187thI kahevAnuM ApaNane sthAna che. jyAre rUdradAmananI putrInI 217=30 varSano che ane rUkasino I. sa. 206thI ke AkhAe ca9NuvaMzanI bAbatamAM tema banyuM hovAno 222=16no che. jethI naM. 28vALo pite. te rUdraeke rakhaDayo paNa daSTAMta TAMkI zakIe tevuM siMhane samasamayI thayo kahevAya. eTale AkhI dekhAtuM nathI. vaLI kAraThamaka zabda cakaNavaMza jevA carcAno sAra e thayo ke "rUdrasiha mahAkSatrapanA kadaMba videzIvaMza ke olAda sUcavatuM nAma hoya tenA jAtinA Abhira senApati rUdrabhUti (ke prathamAkSara karatAM hiMdI Arya prajAnuM nAma hovA vize saMbhAvanA rUdra hoya tevA nAmavALA)nI putrI je AMdhrapati naM. 29 : che. banavAjoga che ke mULe kadaMba zabda ja hoya paraMtu vALA vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNinI rANI thatI hatI lekhanA ukelamAM ke kAtaranAranI bekALajIne lIdhe ke teNe amuka prakAranuM dAna karyuM hatuM." vAstavika havAmAnathI thayala asarane lIdhe, have te kAraddhAmaka sthiti A pramANe che ane te ja kharuM che; kemake vaMcAtuM hoya ane ApaNe jANI cUkayA chIe ke cAre taraphane ItihAsa A hakIkatane eka rUpa banAvI kadaMba nAmanI prajA maLe to licchavI kSatriyone eka Ape che jyAre atyAra sudhI manAI rahelI sthiti vibhAga che ne tene sthAna paNa A dakSiNa hiMdanA Apa ApasamAM aneka rIte athaDAI jatI dekhAya pazcima kinArAnA pradezamAM che. vaLI teo AMdhrapati che ane vijJAnoe pote derela eka vakhatanA anumAnane sAthe lagnagraMthIthI joDAyelApara hevAnAM aneka dRSTAMte kevaLa majabUta banAvavA mATe ja keTalIka kalpanAo ghaDaye (51) A kAraddhamaka-kama zabda upara TIkA karatAM I. e. ke pachI anumAna karavAne amukane haka che ane bIjAne nahiJ , 5.12.5. ra74, 2. naM. ramAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "A locality (para) A vicAra te ame svataMtra anumAnathI ja karelo called Kardamila is known from the Maha hatA. paraMtu tene lekha naM. 24, 26, 27, 28nI hakIkatathI bharat. Kardamaraya occurs in the Raja, have samarthana maLI jAya che. vaLI parika mAM pU. 13, Tarangini either as the name of the title of TI, naM. 21nI kuTa noTa vAMco. a son of Kshemgupta =kaImIla nAmanA eka sthaLane khAsa karIne je. I. sa. nA vidvAna lekhake social mahAbhAratamAM ullekha Ave che. rAjataraMgINamAM kaImarAjAnuM unionssAmAjIka graMthI vizenAM avataraNe TAMkayAM che te nAma kSemaguptanA putra ke tenA koIka khitAba tarIke Ave che." vAcI jevAthI khAtrI thaze ke kadaMba ane zAtakaraNi kaTuMba lagna [amAre TippaNa-kAraddhimaka, kardamIla ane kaImarAjA zabdane graMthIthI joDAyAM hatAM ja. tene jIvate jagato daSTAMta A je saMbaMdha hoya te kAM kadaMba nAma sAthe saMbaMdha na gaNAya lekha na. 17 samaja.

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zilAlekhA 110 ] kADhI dekhAya che. A lakhavAmAM amAre koine utArI pADavAnA Azaya nathI. je sUcavavAnuM che te eTaluM ja ke saMzodhana viSayamAM dareka vidyArthIne phAve te prasiddha ka aprasiddha-amuka prakAranI keTalIka chUTAya che ja. pachI kAInA upara kArya e alaTita zabdo vAparavA kai rASa karavA te teA peAtAnI jaga udhADavA barAbara lekhavI rahe che. A pramANe badhuM nakkI thaI javAthI eka e khInA upara vAcakanuM lakSa kheMcavuM yeAgya lAge che, te jyAre prasaMga AvyA che tyAre sAthe sAthe jaNAvI laIzuM. A uparathI samajAze ke, rUdradAmane e vakhata AMdhrapatine harAvyA hatA paraMtu najIkanA sagA heAvAthI tene jIvatA javA dIdhA hatA; evI je mAnyatA manAi rahI che te taddana nirAdhAra che. vaLI Abhire, eka bAju jema caRNuvaMzInA saradArA-tAkarA hatA, tema khIjI bAju AMdhrapati sAthe sagapaNanI gAMThathI joDAtA paNa hatA. ane trIjuM e ke, naM. 29nA rAjyakALa sudhI dareka AMdhrapatinI hakumatamAM uttarAttara, vArasAmAM cAlyA AvatA pradezanA dhaNA kharA bhAga jaLavAi rahevA pAmyA hatA athavA jo khasavA pAmyA hAya te paNa ahu jIja,eTale rUdradAmananA samayamAM avaMtinA ttAbe bahubahu tA gAdAvarI nadInA mULavALAnAsika vALA-bhAga sudhI ja hada AvIne aTakI rahI heAya ema mAnavuM thAya che. ane mAnavuM rahe che ke, kSatrapa vaMzInA A aMtima prAMta upara, drasiMhanA samaye rUdra [ ekAdazama khaDe bhUti Abhira jevA sUbAnI sattA heAya; ane dAmasenanA samaye Abhira Izvaradatta sUkha pade haiAya. A Izvaradatta jema I. sa. 261mAM peAtAnA kSatrapa saradAranI jhu'sarI phgAvI dIdhI hatI tema te samayanA naM. 32 vALA AMdhrapati pAsethI paNa, keTalAka mulaka paDAvI lIdhe| hatA. ane ema karI, geJadAvarI nadInA mULavALA bhAgamAM, peAtAnA traikUTakavaMzanI sthApanA karI dIdhI hatI. eTale ke uttaramAM caNuvaMzInuM sAmrAjya ane dakSiNe AMdhrapatinuM evI rIte enI vacce, jene hAlanI bhASAmAM Buffer state kahevAya che tevuM pAtAnuM rAjya teNe upajAvI kADhayuM hatuM. A uparathI eka khIjI vastu paNa spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, caNavaMzanI sattA nAsikanI dakSiNe kAi samaye paNa laMbAI nahAtI; ane jyAre laMbAI ja nathI tyAre AMdhrapati sAthe yuddhe caDavAnA, harAvavAnA ane be vakhata jIvatA cheADI devAnA prasaMganI tA vicAraNA ja karavAnI kayAM rahe che? bAkI AMdhrapatione sagapaNa saMbaMdha thayA hatA te caNavaMzIo sAthe nahi, paNa hiMdu gaNAtA evA kabajAtinA kSatriye ke jee Abhira banI gayA hatA temanI sAthe. matalaba ke AMdhrapatieJanI paDatI thavA pAmI hatI te kharI rIte na. 28 pachI ja eTale I. sa. 220 bAda samajavI. A hakIkatathI virUddha jatAM je anumAnA kaeN nivedane ApaNe atyAra agAu karI dIdhAM hAya te paNa have sudhArA mAMge che ema A uparathI samajI levuM.

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7 . (aa, SaSThama pariccheda keTalAka aitihAsika zilAlekha (cAlu) naM. 18. nAnAghATa gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi thadho che. AkhAye vAsiSThIputra catra paNa (phaNa) zAtakaraNi, 13muM vaMzamAM eka ja catrapaNu nAmane rAjA thayA che eTale varSa ziyALAnuM 5muM pakhavADiyuM, 17mo divasa. tene oLakhavAmAM kAMi muzkelI paDe tema nathI (ApaNe khAnagI arpaNa karyAnI hakIkatavALA lekha che batAvelI vaMzAvaLImAM juo naM. 25 ane 26), eTale tene vicAra mahattvanuM nathI. paraMtu rAjA vAsiSThaputra catrapaNanI oLakha kAMI cokhavaTa karI naM. 19-amarAvatI zakAtI nathI ema jaNAvIne paDita bhagavAnalAla IdrajI rAjAzrI zivamaka zAta (siri sivamata sada), jemaNe A lekha pAchaLa bahu zrama uThAvyo che temaNe miti vinAne. derelAM anumAna uparathI ke. A. nA lekhaka sAra kahI The inscription is fragmentary and batAve che ke "The Pandit supposed this its purport uncertain. The king may. king to be the successor of Pulumavi possibly be the Siva-Sri-Satakarni of and he (Chatrapana) was the father of the coins which are found in this Gautamiputra Sri-yajna-Satkarani= region. The epigraphy shows that he piDitajI A (catrapaNu) rAjAne pulumAvInI pachI must belong to a late period=zilAlekha gAdIe Avyo hovAnuM mAne che (tathA vAsiSThIputra) tuTaka sthitimAM hoI tene Azaya nakkI thaI zakatA catrapaNa te, gautamIputra zrIyajJazAtakaraNine pitA nathI. banavAjoga che ke te pradezamAM je zivazrI te ho." kahevAno matalaba e che ke (zilAlekha zAtakaraNinA sikkA maLI Ave che te ja A heya. naM. 1thI 17 sudhImAM je pulumAvI vAsiSThIputranI zilAlekhanA akSara jatAM tene samaya pAchaLanA tavArIkha noMdhAI che tenI pachI tarata ke thoDe chete hovAnuM samajAya che. batAvyuM nathI) A nAnAdhATanA lekhavALa vasiSThI- temaNe ane rAjAnI ane tenI pAchaLa AvatA putra catrapaNuM prathama che ane pachI tene putra zrIcaMdra zAtinI oLakha vize pAri. 4hmAM je vivecana 1) paranuM saMzodhita vaMzAvaLI detAM samajAya che ke lAgala ja thayuM nathI paraMtu thoDAka varSane aMtara paDeluM che

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|---- 112 ] zilAlekha * [ ekAdazama khaMDa karyuM che tathA jesikkAono saMdhyAre temaNe A pradezamAMthI jaDI AvyAnuM temaNe neMdhyuM che te sthAne che te tapAsI jotAM, temaNe dorelAM anumAnathI amAre jotAM, temaja te sikkAnI sarva paristhiti jotAM, jUdu paDavuM thAya che. temaNe sikkAone, vaMzanA samaya ne, 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrIne te lAgu paDatuM varNana paratve je pAchaLanA vakhatanA jaNAvyA che tene jaNAya che. ane che paNa temaja. paraMtu tema sAbita badale te vaMzanI AdinA rAjAone lagatA heAya karavAmAM eka ja muzkelI naDe che. te tenA rAjyakALanA evuM spaSTa thAya che. uparAMta janarala kaniMgahAmane bhegavaTA saMbaMdhI che. purANakAre je samaya nAMkhyA che abhiprAya je TAMko che temAM to zrIcaMdra zAtine te sarvano hisAba karIne ApaNe prathamanA traNa badale 'vasatasa' zabda cokhkho lakhyo che. ane rAjAone rAjyakALa 23+20+10mAsa+1 =ekaMdare A nAma rANI nAganikAnA putranuM che (juo je 14 varSa lagabharga TharAvyuM che (juo dvitIya uparamAM lekha naM. 1).eTale sara kaniMgahAmanA maMtavyathI paricchede tenI carcA) te kAyama rAkhIne evI rIte amane samarthana maLe che ema thayuM. A pramANe jyAM pAchA gaThavavo paDaze ke, A gautamIputra yajJazrIne temanI dalIlano mULa pAyo ja hacamacI jAya che kALe kamamAM kama chinnA lekhamAM jaNAvyA pramANenA tyAM vizeSa carcAmAM utaravuM nirarthaka che. mAtra eTaluM 27 varSa AvavAM ja joIe. bIjI bAju rAjA kRSNa jaNAvIzuM ke A lekhano naMbara je temaNe 19 mo rANI nAganikA pAsethI rAjya paDAvI lIdhuM che te - Apyo che tene badale have ApaNe naM. 1 nI pAchaLa hakIkata, temaja tenA khAte purAkAre 18 varSa mane na. 2 Apavo rahe che. jethI rAjA vasata- caDAvyA che te hakIkata, temaja tenA rAjyanI paDakhe ja zrInA rAjya vistAra (naM. 1 nAnAghATanuM sthAna rAjA caMdragupta cANakayanI madada laIne mauryavaMzanI je pazcima kAMThe che ane A amarAvatInuM sthAna hiMdanA sthApanA (I. sa. pU. 382 mAM) karI che ane dasa pUrva kAMThe che) ApaNane tarata khyAla AvI zakaze varSa bAda magadhane samrATa banyo che te; ema (juo tenuM vRttAMta). sarva sthiti ane saMgono vicAra karatAM te dareka rAjAone phALe anukramavAra 13+1+1-10mAsa+ naM. 20 chinnA (cinA) 9=54 varSa A pramANe TharAvIe te sarvane nyAya zrIyajJa zAtakaraNi gautamIputra. 27muM varSa, ziyALAnuM maLI ja dekhAze. mAtra zrImukha jevo sAhasika kayuM pakhavADiyuM, pama divasa. puruSa, jeNe vaMzanI sthApanA karI che ane kevaLa 32 khAnagI bAbatano che. chinnA gAmaDuM kRSNa jIllAmAM varSanI uMmare gAdIe Avyo che tene phALe mAtra 13 AveluM che. tenuM vivecana karatAM ke. . re. pArA 56 varSa ja rahe che. eTale ke 40thI 45 varSanuM AyuSya mAM jaNAvela che ke, "According to the Mat- bhogavI tene maraNa pAmyo gaNu te ThIka nathI lAgatuM. sya Purana, his accession should be dat- paraMtu je saMyogomAM ane mAnasika bojA vacce ed 14 years after the close of Puluma- tene magadhanA sAmrAjyane chelA praNAma karI cAlI vi's reign=masya purANa pramANe pulumAvInA rAjya nIkaLavuM paDayuM che tathA navI jIMdagInA maMgaLAcaraNamAM amala pachI 14mA varSe te gAdIe Avyo noMdhI ja khAravela jevA cakravartInA hAthathI jabaradasta zikasta zakAze." temanI A mAnyatA naM. 28 mA rAjA tarIke khAvI paDI che tene vicAra karatAM samajAya che ke, tene heya te barAbara che. paraMtu tenA sikkA je pAchaLanI jIMdagImAM ghaNuM ja bhagna hRdyathI kAma levuM (2) pu. ramAM eka naM. 6-18 (temaNe pR. 29 che; ane sara kaniMgahAme potAnA ke. e. I.mAM pleITa 1ramAM upara naM. 117 ane 5. 32 upara aMka naM. 125 lakhyA tene naM. 14 ApyA che.).

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SaSama pariccheda ]. zilAlekha [ 113 paDayuM levuM joIe, ane pariNAme nAnI vaye ja maraNane a sum of money put out at interest bheTavuM paDayuM hoya te banavA joga che. eTale upara and revenue derived from a field in pramANe je raste te cAre Adi rAjAonA rAjyakALa the village of Mangalsthana, the moparatve TharAvavAno vicAra rakhAyo che te baradAsta lAge che. dern Magathan=je rakama vyAje devAI hatI bIjI tarapha gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, je tenuM tathA jene vartamAnakALe magathana (kahevAya che) u rAjAzrImukhane putra thAya che, te tenA pitAnI 40- . maMgaLasthAna gAmaDAnA khetaramAMthI je vasulAta 45 nI uMmaranA hisAbe, gAdIpati thaye tyAre lagabhaga utpanna thatI hatI tenuM dAna kRSNazela ( kanDagiri, 20 thI 25 nI uMmaranI vacce ja joIe. te kaherI) upara rahetA sAdhuone ApavAnAM saMbaMdhamAM gaNatrIe tenuM rAjya 31 varSa sudhI cAlyu hovAne mAnI hakIkata che. levAmAM kAMI pratibaMdha jevuM jaNAtuM nathI. kRSNagiri-kanhagiri-kaherI mATe uparamAM (TI. . naM. 30 tathA tenI hakIkata) jaNAvI gayA chIe. te naM. 21-nAsika samaye vyAje rakama mUkAtI hatI te hakIkata A gautamIputra svAmI yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, 7muM varSa, uparathI spaSTa thAya che (juo pu. 2 caMdraguptanA ziyALAnuM trizuM 5khavADiyuM, 1 prathama divase. vRttAMte, arthazAstranA utArA). Records the completion and donation to the monks of a cave by the naM. 23-kaherIH wife of a certain of his officials=tenA gautamIputra sviAmI zrIyag] zAtakaraNi varSanI rAjayanA keI amaladAranI (savasA, mukhyasenApatinI) dha evAI gaI che, unALAnuM pAMcamuM pakhavADiyuM, patnIe, ekAda guphA saMpUrNa banAvIne sAdhuone AMka ukalata nathI. rahevA mATe dAnamAM ApyAnI nedha karelI che. khAsa khAnagI dAna karyAnuM lakhyuM che=A private bIjo muddo kAMI seMdhI rAkhavA je dIsato nathI. dedication. paraMtu A tathA AgaLanA bemAM eTale naM. 22 ane 23 zilAlekhamAM rAjAnAM nAmanA zabda je lakhAyA naM. 21, 22 ane 23 nA zilAlekhothI je che te khAsa samajavA jevA che. tenI carcA naM. 23nA eka bAbata upara dhyAna kheMcAI jAya che te. varNanamAM karavAmAM Avaze. gautamIputra zrIyajJa zAtakaraNie dhAraNa karela "svAmI'. nAmanA upanAmane aMge che. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjAone naM. ra2-kaherI : ATalA badhA zilAlekho ane sikkAo mAluma gautamIputra svAmI yajJazrI zAtakaraNi, 16muM varSa paDayA che, paraMtu keIe "svAmI' pada pitAnAM nAma 19(?) pakhavADiyuM, pama divasa. lekhanI matalaba mATe sAthe joDayAnuM jaNAtuM nathI. A prathama ja vAra teo lakhe che ke, Granting to the monks najare paDe che. temAM zuM Azaya samAyelo haze te living on the Krsna-Saila (=Kanhagiri, upara vicAra karatAM, cakravaMzI rAjAomAM. amuka Kanheri) endowments consisting of samaya sudhI saLaMga peDhI cAlI AvI dekhAya che, pachI (3) sarakhA pu.3, rUSabhadatta, nAsika zilAlekha naM 33 lekhe dara seMkaDe lakhyuM che te hakIkta. (ke. A. 2. pR. 58)mAM dAna ApavAnuM ane at the (4) A varSanA AMka mATe AgaLa upara hakIkata rate of 1 percent her mensem=dara mAse rAma eka jue. : mAmaLa para nIta 15

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zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa amuka varSano khAMco paDe che. vaLI te bAda "svAmI" che. uparAMta temAMnA chellA daza varSa (I. sa. 14rathI birUda dhArI rAjA Ave che. temAM keTalAke mahAkSatrapa 15ra sudhI) tene avaMtinA rAjA tarIke, ane te puda 5NuM lIdhuM che ane pachI temano vaMza nAbuda thaI pUrve I. sa. 132thI 14ra sudhInA dazeka varSa jAya che, te kisso yAda Ave che. pu. 4 mAM A sudhI mathurApati kuzanavaMzI rAjAnA mahAkSatrapa tarIke caNavezIonA vRttAMtamAMpa uparanI sthiti vize sattAdhikAra hovAnuM paNa sAbita karI dIdhuM che. vaLI ema khulAso karavAmAM Avyo che ke, te rAjAonI TolemI jevA grIka bhUgoLavettAnA AdhAre che. resane hakamata te cAlu hatI ja paNa temanA vijetA je jaNAve che ke Another statement of savaMzI avaMtipatio hatA temanA kAMIka ardhakhaMDiyA Ptolemey, which would seem to indi2107 ou fulani a $141 Bal MUDA 243401 cate that Pulumavi and Chastan, the tanna nAnA sattAdhArI rAjA hovA joIe, te te grandfather of Rudradaman were consthiti ahI saMbhave che ke kema? vaLI te samaye eka temporaries=TelemInA eka bIjA kathana uparathI pakSe cappaNuvaMzIonI hakIkata hatI je pote paradezI ema jaNAya che ke, rUdradAmanane pitAmaha-dAdA cappaNuM jevA hatA ane bIje pakSe guptavaMzI hiMdIo hatA; tathA pulumAvI samasamayI thatA hatA. A hakIkata paNa te A vakhate te paristhiti jevuM kAMI hatuM ke kema? ApaNe cappaNu saMvatanI Adi je I. sa. 103 thI AvA prazno udabhave che. tene javAba paNa itihAsane thatI TharAvI che, tene samarthana Ape che. A pramANe mAMthI ja maLI rahe che. cappaNanA nAma sAthe joDAyelA sarva vAto jotAM mAluma paDe che ke, jema dakSiNamAM tenA thakanA chellAmAM chello AMka (je ke nizcaya- pulumAvInI sattA hatI tema uttara hiMdamAM kuzanavaMzI pUrvaka ukela lAvI zakAyuM nathI paraMtu tenI pAchaLa samrATanA, mahAkSatrapa camhaNanI ane pachI tenI ja, gAdie AvanAra tenA pAtra mahAkSatrapa rAjA - paraMtu svataMtra avaMtipati tarIkenI sattA hatI. eTale dhamanano) nAnAmAM nAno AMka-para no che; tene cakkaNanA "svAmi' padanI vaparAza para je be prasaMge vicA tyakALano aMta samaya karAvIne ane te saMvatanI vAno prazna udabhaLyo hato te banne sthiti A Adi I. sa. 78 mAM thayelI mAnIne, vidvAne e samaye vartamAna havAnuM samajAya che. caSThaNane samaya I. sa. 130 mAM khatama thato jyAre paristhiti hovAne A pramANe madhama gaNAvyuM che. jyAre ApaNe (pu, 4 juo) tenA nikAla AvI gayo che tyAre te samaye rAjakIya zaka saMvata 49-50 mAM tenuM mRtyu nIpajeluM gaNIne sthitine cokkasapaNe kAMI ukela thaI zake tema che ke tathA tenA zakanI Adi I. sa. 103mAM thayela TharAvIne kema te have joIe. gatamIputra yajJazrI-pulumAvIne tene samaya I. sa. 15ramAM pUre thayAnuM jaNAvyuM samaya I. sa. 173 thI 161ne ApaNe TharAvIe (5) pu. 4, 5, 192, TI, naMbara 12. sarakhAvo pu. 3 (7) jue che. A. ke. pra. pR. 39. 5, 195thI AgaLa; nahapANu mahAkSatrapa paNa svAmI kahe. (8) TolemI nAmane bhUgoLazAstrI hiMdamAM AvyA hatA. vAya che te hakIkata. teno samaya i. sa. 139 thI 65no noMdhAyo che. te pahelAne (6) ja. . . . e. se. navI AvRtti pu. 3, paNa haze. matalaba ke teNe pitAnA samayanI ja noMdha karI 5. 48:- We shall have to place Pulumavi, che eTale temAM jarA paNa bhUla thavA saMbhava nathI. TolemI, who was a contemporary of Chasthana long caThaNa ane pulumAvI traNe samakAlIna gaNAze. after A. D. 130=je pulumAvIne caNuno samakAlIna (9) vizeSa samarthana ApatA purAvA te pu. 4 mAM gayA che tene samaya I. sa. 130 pachI ghaNe dara mUkavo tenA vRttAte ja apAI gayA che. ane vizeSa tarIke paDaze (sarakhAvo nIcenI TI. 7). lekhavAno che.

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* * * * * * - - - - - - pachama pariccheda ] zilAlekhe I ! 115 chIe, ane ca9Na-mahAkSatrapa tarIkene 132 thI zilAlekhano AMka bhale nakkI thatuM nathI chatAM ane 142 ane avaMtipati tarIkane 14ra thI 15ra- mAna karavAne kAraNa rahe che ke tene AMka paNa vadhAremAM gaNAvyA che. jyAre uparanA traNa zilAlekhanI miti- vadhAre 19 ja (122+19=141) he joIe emAM 7; 17 ane trIjAmAM meghama varSanI eka ke je samaye (I. sa. 142mAM) mahAkSatrapa cakkaNe saMkhyA sUcavI che; eTale pulumAvI gautamIputranA rAjya- pite svataMtra sattAnAM sUtra grahaNa karyA hatAM. je kALanA samayanI gaNatrIe te traNene AMka I. sa. teNe A pradeza pitAnA adhikAramAM lIdhuM ke te pachI 140-150, 129-148 ane anizcita varSa Avaze; rAjA pulumAvIne adhikAra ochA thaI gaye kahevAya, tema itihAsa paNa e hakIkata spaSTa kahe che ke, ca9Ne tenuM ardhasattAdhIza jevuM khaMDiyApaNuM paNa jatuM rahyuM rAjapUtAnA bhAgamAM prathama adhikAra bhegavyo che ane kahevAya. teNe lagADavA mAMDala "svAmI" upanAma pAchaLathI kAThiyAvADamAM bhagavyo che. jyAre sikkA. paNa adazya thaI gayuM kahevAya ane atyAra sudhI te enA abhyAsathI mAlama paDe che ke 1deg and since vaMzanI hakamata je kAThiyAvADa, gujarAta ane dakSiYagna Sri's coins are found in Ka NamAM avAranavAra jAmI rahI hatI te hamezane mATe thiawar, he must have been the last I. sa. 142 bAda, trirazmizaMga ane kaherI parvatanI king of the dynasty to rule over these dakSiNathI zarU thatI gaNAtI thaI gaI kahevAya. provinces=ane jyAre yajJazrInA sikkAo kAThi- I. sa. 142 bAda I. sa. 15ra paryata 10 yAvADamAMthI maLI Ave che tyAre ema sAbita thAya varSa sudhI ca9Na jIvato rahyo che. tyAM sudhImAM teNe che ke A prAMta upara rAjya calAvanAra te vaMzane te A zAtavAhana vaMzIonI pITha pakaDI hatI ke sukhe " chelle ja bhUpati hovo joie. A badhI vAtano meLa rahevA dIdhA hatA tene nikAla je ke pulumAvInA tyAre ja UtarI zakaze ke jyAre ApaNe ema TharAvIe vRttAMta karavA yogya viSaya gaNAze. paraMtu ApaNI ke, rAjA gautamIputra upara kAMIka uparI darajajAne maryAdA lagabhaga I. sa. 100 AsapAsa staMbhI jAya adhikAra cavhaNe bhogavyo hato. je be lekhane samaya che ane viSaya evo che ke ItihAsanA te bhAga upara nizcita che tene nirNaya te emaja karI zakAya che, prakAza pADe Avazyaka ja che eTale jyAre zilAlekhane ke caThaNe pote I. sa. 132mAM mahAkSatrapa thayo te lagatI carcA upADAI che tyAre sAthe sAthe te pUrve eTale kuzAna vaMzanA kSatrapa tarIke ja adhi- muddo paNa vicArI laIe. kAra bhegavyo haze ane pachI 132mAM mahAkSatrapa saurASTramAM Avela giranAra parvatanI taLeTImAMnAM banyo ke tarata teNe potAnA sidhA adhikAramAM teNe sudarzana taLAvanI prazastine je bhAga3 rUdradAmane te mulaka laI lIdhe he joIe; jyAre trIjA ketarAvyo che temAM 72 nI sAlane AMka che, paNa | (10) ja, . . . e, se. navI AvRtti pu. (13) bhAga zabda lakhavAnuM prayojana e che ke, AkhI , 5, 84. prazasti kidAmananI yazagAthA batAvatI vidvAnoe mAnI (11) nIcenI TI. 12 sAthe sarakhA. che jyAre amArA mate ema che ke, je mulakonI nAmAvalI (12) A uparathI ema paNuM sAbita thaI jAya che che te chata te prathamamAM samrATa priyadarzine karelI che. paNa ke, je saurASTra upara gabhIlavaMzIonI sattA jAmI hatI pote tenA jevo parAkramI che ane temAMnA keTalAka pate te, temanI paDatI vakhatanA kALe aMdhavaMzIoe kabaje karI paNa meLavyA hatA ja, evuM darzAvavA pUratuM ja bhAga, teNe lIdhe hatA te samaya (I. sa. 107 thI 132 sudhI umerAvyo chevizeSa khulAsA mATe pu. 2nA aMte sudarzana kahevAya); ane pAchaLathI A saurASTadeza caThaNe jItI taLAvanuM pariziSTa tathA pu. 4mAM rUdradAmananuM vRttAMta, 5 206 thI 26 sudhI juo) . lIdhe hate.

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* *.. 116 ] zilAlekha [ ekAdazAma khaMDa je pradezanI TIpa ApI che temAM, dakSiNa ke mahArASTranA rAjAo paNa zAtavahanavaMzI zAtakaraNi rAjAo sAthe nAmano ullekha ja nathI; eTale samajAya che ke, temanA sikkAnA sadazyapaNAthI spaSTa thAya che) raktaI. sa. 175 (72103) sudhI teNe ke ca9Ne te graMthIthI joDAyela hovAthI, temane paNa temanI sAthe ja tarapha mITa mAMDI lAgatI nathI; ane zatavahanavaMzanI dakSiNa tarapha nIkaLavuM paDayuM hovuM joIe. uparokta je vaMzAvaLI ApaNe goThavI dIdhI che te upara dRSTi zAtavahanavaMzIo jabarajasta ane svataMtra rAjyapade pheravIzuM te svIkAravuM paDaze ke rAjA pulumAvI tathA virAchata thaI gaela hovAthI, temanI gaNatrI svataMtra tenI pachI AvanAra zivazrIne, avaMtipati taraphathI ane eka alAyadA vaMza tarIke itihAsamAM noMdhAyelI I. sa. 142 sudhI thI 175 sudhI nA 33 varSa sudhI che, jyAre cuTu zAtakaraNio uparanA zAtavahananA kAMI herAnagatimAM mUkavA je banAva banyo nathI. peTAmAM ja rahIne rAjyAdhikAra bhogavatA hovAthI, temanI gaNanA eka khaMDiyA tarIke lekhavAmAM AvI che. naM. 24-karI ApaNo rivAja svataMtra vaMzane ja itihAsa Alekha* [ hAritIputra viSNukaDa-cuTu zAtakaraNi 3 tArIkha vAne hevAthI, A cAre zilAlekhanI hakIkatamAM guma thaI gaI che. uMDANe utaravAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. paraMtu atra eka muddAthI ja teono ullekha karavAnI jarUra lAgI che , A naM. 25-navAsI ke temAMthI eka, lupta thaIne paDI rahela aitihAsika - hAritIputra viSNukaDa-cuTu kulAnaMda zAtakaraNi, tattvanI beja maLI Ave che, je nIce pramANe jANavI. 12muM varSa, ziyALAnuM 7muM 5khavADiyuM, prathama divasa. pu. 1mAM zizunAgavaMzI udayAzvanAM samaye tenA putra anurUdhe sainyapati naMdivardhananI madadathI dakSiNa naM. 26-malavalI hiMda jItI lIdho hato tyAre tyAM rAjya hakumata calA. (maisura rAjyanA zimogA tAluke) hAritIputra vavA svakSatriya baMdhuone saradAra tarIke nImavA paDayA viSNukaDa cuTu zAtakaraNi, prathama varSa, unALAnuM hatA, tathA anya kSatriye tyAM jaIne vasavATa karIne bIjuM pakhavADiyuM, prathama divasa. sAmAnya prajA paNa banI hatI, temAMnA kadaMba eka hatA. temaNe aparAMta gaNAtA pradezamAM paga jamAvyo naM. 28-malavallI hate; kaho ke temanI nimaNuka karavAmAM AvI hatI. (maisura rAjyanA zimagA tAluke), nAma nahiM jyAre A cuTu gaNatA kSatriyanA sikkA mukhyapaNe darzAvela kadaMbarAjAne, tArIkha vinAne che. dakSiNa kAnArAmAMthI-aparAMtanA dakSiNethI-maLI Ave, che eTale sAbita thAya che ke, temanuM prathama sthAna - A cAre zilAlekhamAM cuTu-cuTukaDAnaMda rAjAnA (jyAre naMda bIjAnA samaye, eTale ke uparavALA nAma sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI vyaktiono ullekha thaye ko AvyA hatA te bAda) kAnaDA jIllAmAM ja hovuM che ane A cuMTu rAjAo, temanA sikkAonA joIe. have jyAre A zilAlekhathI sAbita thAya abhyAsathI ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke teoche ke, kadaMbee cuTu upara jIta meLavIne banavAsImaLe to magadhapati naMdavaMzI rAjAonI sAthe saMbaMdha vijayaMtapura kabaje karyuM hatuM athavA kahe ke pitAnA dharAvatA hovA joIe. paraMtu jema zAtavahanavaMzano rAjyano vistAra dakSiNasudhI vadhArI mUkayo hato Adi rAjA adANIne peTe janmela hovAthI tiraskAra tyAre anumAna karavuM rahe che ke, cuTu zAtakaraNionI pAmyo hato ane pariNAme magadhamAMthI tene vidAya laI madade, temanA svataMtravaMza rUpe gaNAtA zAtavahanavaMzI dakSiNamAM sthAnAMtara karavuM paDayuM hatuM, tema A cuTu zAtakaraNi baMdhuo AvyA nahi heya, ane A -

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* SaSama paricheda ] zilAlekhe [ 117 pramANe vastusthiti kyAre banI zake ke, kadaMba,14 hAritIputra zivaskaMdavarmana cuTue, ane zAtavAhana vaMzIo14 ema traNe judA vaijayaMtIpati ane svataMtrapaNe vartatA rahyA hoya te ja; ane temanAM (jemanI pAsethI kadaMba rAjAe vanavAsI jItI lIdhuM) sthAna vize paNa have ApaNane cokkasa pratIti thaI gaI che ke, kadaMbAnuM sthAna aparAMta pradeze eTale naM. ra7-hAthIguphA sahyAdri parvata (urphe pazcima ghATa) ane arabI (uparanAM varNanamAMthI jene bAda karI rAkhavo samudranI vaccene lAMbe paTTIrUpe pradeza paDI rahyo che tyAM paDayo hato te) khAravela kaliMgapatine (mairya rAjAhatuM, cuTuonuM sthAna, tenI ja dakSiNe Avela paTTI pradeza nA zakanA 165 mA varSe) ane pitAnA rAjyaupara hatuM, jyAre zAtavahanavaMzIonuM sthAna prathama kALanA 13mA varSe. sahyAdrinI pUrvamAM ja hatuM; pachI dhIme dhIme jema teo 165 nA AMkane sthAne 103no AMka hovAnuM majabUta banatA gayA tema, A saghaLe pradeza jItI have sAbita thayuM che tathA maurya rAjAonA zaka= laI tyAM paNa temaNe potAno pagadaMDo jamAvI dIdho marma saMvatane badale te mahAvIra saMvata hovAnuM ApaNe hate. eTale e hakIkata paNa siddha thaI jAya che ke, sAbita karI cUkyA chIe (juo pu. 4mAM rAjA zAtavAhana vaMzIoe pitAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI khAravelanuM vRttAMta) eTale teTalA akSaro ame kesamAM tevAmAM, theDA vakhata sudhI temanI sattA samudra kinAre goThavyA che. bIjI hakIkata savistara pu. 4mAM apAI paTTIvALA pradeza upara nahotI ja. yuTunA sikkAonI che eTale aMhI utAravA jarUra rahetI nathI. rabaDhaba jotAM paNa A hakIkata siddha thAya che ke teo zAtavahana zAtakaraNionA samasamayI ja hatA. naM. 29-talada eka bIjo muddo upayogI che-je ke gauNa che ja maisura rAjya zikArapura tAluke kadaMba rAjA -te paNa jaNAvI daIe; itihAsamAM ane zilA- kAkusthavardhanane, tArIkha vinAne. leomAM mahArathI, mahAbhejI, ityAdi zabdo paNa aneka vakhata maLI Ave che. temanA sagapaNa saMbaMdhI naM. 30-jagayApaTa sUpa (ke rAjakAraNamAM temanA darajajA vize) aneka tarka kRSNa jIllAmAM, jagayA peTa sUpane mADharIputra vitarko bahAra paDe che; jyAre kharI vAta zuM che te A IkSavAkunAma zrI vIrapurUSadattane. 20 mA varSanuM, zilAlekhamAM jaNAvela nAmanuM vaMzavRkSa nIce utAryuM comAsAnuM 8muM pakhavADiyuM, 1 me divasa (vizeSa mATe che te uparathI spaSTapaNe samajI javAze. aSTama paricchede naM. 5 mAM rAjAnuM vRttAMta juo). rAjA hAritIputra A banane lekhone ApaNuM ItihAsane saMbaMdha na cuTukaDAnaMda -- (rANI) mahAbhejI hovAthI paDatA mUkavA paDayA che. zAtakaraNi (mahAbhejI nAmanA saradAro hatA) mahArathI5 --- nAgamUlanikA5 (putrI) naM. 31-nAsika16 te paNa hoddedAra che) | nahapANunA jamAI rUSabhadatta ( uSAvadAta) ne tArIkha vinAno. (14) A saMbaMdhamAM De. myulara kevo mata dharAve che paNa vize anumAna bAMdhavAne derI jAya che. (pariccheda te mATe uparamAM pR. 50, TI. na. 24 juo. 7, jIo) pu. 2, pR. 356, TIkA ne, 21 sarakhAvI. (15) uparanA zilAlekha naM. i mAMnA nAma sAthe (16) keA. . pra. 5. 26 sarakhAve. A hoddo tathA AvAM nAma temanA samasamaya

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118 ] zilAlekha | [ ekAdazama khaMDa A lekhamAM traNa vibhAga che: mULa moTA akSarano mAlayAne mALavI prajA vidvAnoe mAnI che, kemake ane saMskRta bhASAmAM che, tenI nIce nAnA akSare bIjA puSkara taLAve jaIne abhiSekanI pAchI hakIkata be che jenI bhASA prAkRta paNa saMskRtane maLatI ja che. temAM karI che. A badhuM anumAna sAcuM Thare te te A bemAMnA pahelA vibhAge rUSabhadatte prathama purUSavAcI karelI ka95nA vAstavika ja che; paraMtu traNa muddAnA huM zabda vAparyo che; jyAre bAkInA bemAM trIjA ane aMge uDI vicAraNA karavI rahe che (1) By the pahelA purUSa tarIke mizra zabdo vAparyA che. order of the lord = pitAnA svAmI (evA mULa saMskRta lekhano Azaya- "The imme- sasarA nahapANu kSatra5)nI AjJA mAthe caDAvavAnuM temAM diate object of this inscription is to lakhe che. uttamabhadrAnI madade javAnuM hajI pharamAna hoya record the construction of the cave in tyAM sudhI ThIka che. paraMtu (2) abhiSeka karAvavAmAM ke which it stands in the Trirasmi Hills karavAmAM, AjJAnI zI jarUra rahe; ane abhiSeka eTale inGovardhana=govaradhana prAMtamAM trIramizagamAM che. remsane ja zaMkA uThAvI che ke (majakura pustake pR. 67) je cakA AvelI che. tenI banAvaTa mATe naidha ne ja "It cannot be determined whether A zilAlekhano mukhya Azaya che." triI razmi parvatanI Rsabhadatta's consecration (Abhiseka) upayogitA vize ApaNe keTaluMka vivecana karI gayA had any special significance or whechIe-zilAlekha naM. 13] ther it formed a part of the ordinary - pelA nAnA akSaravALA bemAMnA prathama lekhamAM pilgrim's ceremonial=e nakkI nathI kahI zakAtuM lakhe che ke-"And by the order of the ke, rUSabhadattanA A abhiSekano koI khAsa artha hato lord, I went to relieve the chief of ke, sAmAnya yAtrALunI vidhimAM te kevaLa eka the Uttamabhadras, who was besiezed aMza ja hate " (3) ane ajamera pAsenuM puSkara for the rainy season by the Malayas; taLAva dhArI lIdhuM che te te te eka ja saMkhyAmAM and the Malayas fled as it were at che jyAre lekhamAM akSaro te Lakes=vadhAre saMkhyAmAM the sound (of my approach) and were taLAvo hoya evuM jaNAvAyuM che (A muddA upara made prisoners by the Uttambhadras. adhyayana karyA bAda vicAra jaNAvIzuM). Thence, I went to the Puskara lakes nAnA akSaravALA bIjA bhAgamAM 4000 kArlAand was consecrated and made dona. 5NanI kimate eka kSetra kharIdI laIne dAna dIdhAnI tion of three thousand cows and a nedha che. jene hetu "Food to be procured village svAmInA hukamathI, pachI huM uttamabhadrAnA for all monks, without distinction = saradArane choDAvavA gaye; jene mAlaya lokee varSA- kAIpaNa bheda vinA sarva sAdhuone kherAka meLavI ' Rtu daramyAna ghara ghAlI baMdhi karI dIdho hato. ApavAmAM" te dravya vAparavA mATenI IcchA pradazita mArA avAjathI tyAM pahoMcatAvAra) kema jANe hAya karelI dekhAya che. ahIM te sAmAnya rIte, keIpaNuM nahIM, tema mAlo nAsavA maMDayA, ane temane uttama bheda vinA sarva sAdhuo mATe dAnanI vAta che eTale bhakoe pakaDI baMdhivAna banAvyA. te bAda puSkara taLAve sAdhune khorAka ApavAnI vAta kaI rIte asaMgata huM gayo, tyAM mAre abhiSeka thayo ane meM 3000 nathI dekhAtI. paraMtu je dharma rUSabhadatta pote pALato gAyo ane eka gAmanuM dAna dIdhuM." A hakIkatamAM hatuM te jenadharmane aMge hoya te be praznonuM spaSTIvizeSa TIkA karavA jevuM nathI, paNa uttamabhadrone karaNa mAMgI le che (1) te vakhate jaina sAdhuonI ajamera pAsenA koI sthAnanI prajA tarIke ane aneka zAkhA, gaNu ane phaLe, paDI gayAM hatAM tene

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- SaSTrama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 119. AzrayIne paNa "bheda vinA sarva sAdhu" zabdane baMdhabesatA nathI. senA/ nAmanA vidvAne "money pravega kadAca karAyo hoya (2) vaLI jaina sAdhue pitA for outside life=bahAranA (maTha sivAya) jIvana mATe ja keie taiyAra karela AhAra kadI bhIkSAmAM mATe upayogamAM levAnuM dravya" A artha karyo che tyAre vaharatA-letA nathI; temAM zAstrokata rIte doSa lekhAya keTalAka vidvAne (bauddha pustakanA AdhAre saMbhave che) che. paraMtu samrATa priyadarzinanA guru Arya suhastijIe e vicAra dharAve che ke, it would seem more ziSya mehane laIne, rAjAnA rasoDe sAdhuo mATe probable that reference is here made taiyAra karAto AhAra grahaNa karavAnI rIta dAkhala to the custom of "Kathin's. e. the karI hatI. A temanA aghaTita kRtya mATe, temanA privilage of wearing extra robes, temAMnA vaDIla gabhAI Arya mahAgirijIe, temane Thapake paNa kaThina vizeSa kapaDAM paheravAno adhikAra (sAdhuone) dIdho hato ane pote judA AcAra pALanAra tarIke je apAya che, te vizenA isAro karAyAnuM vizeSa kTA paNa pAyA hatA. te samayathI samajAya che ke, saMbhavita che." paraMtu kazAnamULane artha kaThina tarIke jenasAdhuomAM teTalA daraje zithilAcAra (rAjapiMDa vidvAnoe je besAryo che te be kAraNane lIdhe banavA vaheravAno) pravezavA pAmyo hato te prasaMganI A joga nathI; kemake (1) kaThina zabda te bauddhasaMpradAyI che yAda Ape che. matalaba ke te prathAne laIne ja jyAre rUSabhadatta jainadharma pALanAra che (2) uparamAM rUSabhadatta sagavaDa utArI lAge che. eka dAnano upayoga ja comAsA daramiyAna kapaDAMnI kharIda karI levAne jaNAvI devA che eTale pharIne naM. 3ra-nAsika te nimitte dAnano upayoga karavAnuM na pharamAve. matalaba rUSabhadatane, varSa nathI. caitra zukalapUrNimAnI miti ke jainasaMpradAya pramANe kuzAnamUlane (ke tenA jevA che--Azaya akase che. lekha bhagnAvasthAmAM che. uccAravALA zabdane; kemake kadAca lipi ukelamAM ke naM. 33nAsika kotaravAmAM bhUla thaI hoya te) artha zuM thAya che te rUSabhadatta, karamuM varSa vaizAkhaH tAjekalamamAM saMzodhakee tapAsa karavI rahe che. 41muM ane 5 muM varSa che. A zilAlekhamAM varSanA je AMka che te kSaharATa paNa teno Azaya "It records the gift of saMvatanA che. bhUmaka ane nahapANa, kSaharATa prajAnA a cave and certain endowments to che te kAraNe, jyArathI bhUmakane saradAra nImavAmAM support the monks living in it during Avyo che tyArathI tenI sthApanA (I. sa. pU. 159) the rainy season=temAM eka guphAnuM, tathA gaNavAmAM AvI che (juo pu. 3mAM temanA vRttAte) varSARtu daramyAna temAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva eTale te gaNatrIe 42muM varSa = I. sa. pU. 117 mATenI rakamanuM dAna karyAnI noMdha che." temAM 2000 samajavuM rahe che. karSApaNu dara mahine dara seMkaDe laTakAnA hisAbenuM 240 vyAja je thAya, te 20 sAdhu mATe darekane 12 lekhe, naM. 34-nAsika comAsA daramyAna kapaDAMnI kharIda mATe vAparavAne nahapANanI dIkarI ane rUSabhadattanI patnI dakSanirdeza karela che. tevI ja rIte bIjI rakamamAM rRTakA mitrAne-be lekha sarakhI hakIkatanA che-Records be 1000 nuM dAna karI tenA vyAjanA 90 kuzana the gift of a monk's cell=sAdhuo mATe muLamAM vAparavAnuM lakhyuM che. A kuzana muLane artha guphAnuM dAna karyAne ullekha che. (17) tAje kalamamAM te prathamanA 42mA varSa karatAM, 43) Ave. paNa ahIM ApaNe te vize carcA ochI AMka (eTale 41) saMkhyA Ave ke vadhAre (eTale karavI nathI),

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120 ]. zilAlekho [ ekAdazama khaMDa lagabhaga meTebhAge sAdhu mATe, guphAnuM dAna devAya nahapAnA vatsagotrI sacIva ame dAna dIdhAnI che ane te paNa comAsAnI Rtu mATe; eTale ema noMdha karI che. nahapAnAM birUda be prakAre dhyAna anumAna thAya che ke, comAsAnA varasAdane lIdhe (ane ApavA yogya che. kauTuMbika oLakha tarIkenuM 'kSaharATa' te samaye varasAda kAMI AjanA je parimita nAma mUkI devAyuM che. ane nahapANune mahAkSatrapa je pramANamAM nahote ja Avate, ane temAM paNa parvata kahevAmAM Avyo che tevI noMdha A eka ja che. lekha ane jhADI jaMgalavALo pradeza ke jyAM sapATa jamIna naM. 33mAM (varSa 42muM tAje kalamamAM jarA AghenI bhUmi karatAM sAmAnya rIte vadhAre pramANamAM ja varasAda miti-45muM varSa) tene "kSatrapa" kahevAya che. je kAMI paDe che eTale tenI asara sAdhuo ane tapasvIonAM khAtrIpUrvaka karAvI zakAya te eTaluM ja che ke, 42 kaSa zarIra upara na thAya tenA rakSaNa mATe bhaktajanoe ane 46 varSanI vacce te mahAkSatra5 thayo hato." prathama lakSa ApavAnI pharaja rahetI hatI ema A kSatrapamAMthI mahAkSatrapa kema (pu. 4, pR. 202thI uparathI spaSTa thAya che ). 25) thavAya che, tathA nahapAne tenA pitA bhUmakanI haiyAti daramyAna (40 thI 45 varSa sudhI) kSatrapa, ane naM. 35-junera tenA maraNabAda ATheka mahinAnA gALA sudhI (5ayama, nahapANane pradhAna, varSa 46muM. 45 ke 46 varSa) mahAkSatrapa ane te pachI avaMtinI "Records gifts made by Ayama of gAdIe besatAM rAjA tarIke oLakhAvAya che te the Vatsagotra, minister of the [Raja] hakIkata pu. 3. pR. 195-6 mAM nahapAnuM vRttAMta Mahak satrapa Swami Nahapana. The lakhatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. eTale te pharIne atra titles of Nahapana are remarkable in utAravA jarUra nathI. eTaluM ja jaNAvavuM jarUranuM two ways. The family designation kahevAze ke uparanA bane ThekANe je nirUpaNa karyuM che te 21317191 242 den 21e4 or H 'Ksaharata' is omitted, and this is the R Horg. only occurrence of the litle of * Ma* atra beeka khulAsA, Avazyaka che teja lakhIzuM. haksatrapa' as applied to Nahapana. "mahAkSatrapa'nuM birUda darzAvatuM A ekaja zilAlekharUpI In inscr. No. 33 (Year 42, with later - pramANa che te vyAjabI che, ema have samajAze; kAraNa date, year 45 in postscript) he is ke, mahAkSatrapa pada kevaLa ATheka mahinA ja teNe styled "Ksatrapa'. All that can be in- bhagavyuM che. bIjuM kSaharATa zabda, te kauTuMbika oLakha ferred with certainty is that he nathI paraMtu saMskRtinI prAdezika oLakha che. eTale became Mahaksatrapa between the je pradezamAMthI te prajA AvI hatI ane je bhASA years 42 and 46= rAjA ] mahAkSatrapa svAmI teo belatA hatA te darzAvavA puratI che. eTale (18) kSaharATa prajA je bhASA bolatI tene kharaSTI bolAtI hatI ane vepAra arthe saMbaMdhamAM AvatA pAsenA nAma apAyuM che. A uparathI samajAze ke, keTalAka vidvAne gAMdhAra pradezamAMnI brAhmI sAthe tene ghaNAe zabdo umerAI kharoSThIne mAtra lipi tarIke ja oLakhAvI rahyA che te gayA hatA, je pANininA vyAkaraNathI sAbita thAya che. te ja pramANe vartamAnakALe, sTezana, ejIna che. zabda aMgrejI jema gujarAtI bhASA ane lipi che, tema khareSThI paNa bhASAnA hovA chatAM have hiMdanI aneka bhASAmAM maLI jaIne, bhASA ane lipi che ja. brAhmI mAtra lipi che te bhASA nathI. te te bhASAnA svataMtra zabda thaI gayA che. AvA zabda, khareSThI bhASA hoIne ja, te irAna tathA kabajAmAM have prAMtika nathI gaNavAmAM AvatA.

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SaSTama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 121 nahapAnA aMga sAthe ke tenA vaMza sAthe tene saMbaMdha naM. 38-junAgaDhano ja nathI; tethI A zilAlekhamAM tenuM nidhana bIna rUdradAmanane, mArgazIrSa mAsanA kRSNapakSanI pratijarUrI lAgyuM che. have svAmi zabda vize pu. 3 mAM padAne dhyAna rAkhavAnuM che ke anyamAM jema samaya cakaNavaMzIonA saMbaMdhamAM ane zAtakaraNio vize darzAvAya che tema A zilAlekhamAM kara nI sAla uparamAM zilAlekha naM. 21, 22 ane 23 mAM je darzAvI nathI ja). spaSTikaraNa karAyuM che te niyame, A naM. 35 vALA A lekhane tAtparya eTale te mazahura che ke zilAlekhanI miti, nahapANu mahAkSatrapa hovA chatAMye te Akhe ne Akhe atra utAravA jarUra dhArI nathI. pote svataMtra banIne avaMtino rAjA banyo nahote jyAM amAro mataphera thAya che teja kevaLa a TAMkIne te pUrvenI, eTale ke 45 varSa pUruM thayA pachInA ATha tenI carcA karIzuM. lakhe che ke "But the chief nava mAsanI avadhimAMnI che ema samajavuM. importance of the inscription consists in the information, which it affords as ' na. 36-Sabhadattano samaya vinAno. to the history of Rudradaman and "The immediate object of the ins- the events of his reign=4 auidi ya cription is to record the grant of the mahave te temAM rUdradAmanane kRtihAsa ane tenA village of Karjika for the support of rAjyanA banAva vize je mAhitI apAI che tene the ascetics living in the caves of lIdhe che;" ema kahIne lakhyuM che ke "He was the Valuraka-a grant which was subse lord of-te (nice jaNAvela) pradezano svAmi hatuM: quently renewed by Gautamiputra Sri tenAM nAmanI TIpamAM pUrvAparAkarAvaMti, anUpa, Anarta, Satatarni (v. gun. No. 9)-lekhanI tAtkAlika surASTra, marU, kaca7, siMdhu-sauvIra, kakara, aparAMta nema, valurakanI guphAomAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva ane niSAda jaNAvyAM che; ane pachI lakhyuM che ke mATe kAIka gAma, dAnamAM devAnI noMdha vize che "And other territories gained by his A dAna pAchaLathI gautamIputra zrI zAtakaraNie karIne valour. He conquered the Yaudhdheyas cAlu karyuM hatuM (uparane lekha naM. 9 juo) and twice defeated Satakarni, the lord karachaka-valuraka vigerenI carcA paNa upara thaI of Daksinapath. He himself acquired gaI che. mukhya vAta ja e che ke sarva lekhonA the name of Mahak satrapa=ane pitAnA dAnanI pAchaLa dhArmika rahasya samAyeluM che, nahIM ke bAhubaLathI anya pradezo meLavyA hatA. teNe yaudherAjakIya 19. yAjhane jItI lIdhA hatA ane dakSiNapathanA svAmi zAtakaraNine be vakhata harAvyo hate. (AthI karIne) naM. 37-kalai mahAkSatrapanuM birUda teNe ApameLe meLavyuM hatuM." A RSabhadattanA putra devaNake, samayanA nirdeza badhuM varNana--pradeza upara meLavela chata-rUdradAmanane vinAne, khAsa jANavA jevuM nathI. nahIM paraMtu samrATa priyadarzinane lAgu paDe che. te (19) pu. 4, pR. 217. chata meLavela karavAthI, Adhrapati naM. 17ne dakSiNApathapati, (20) ke. A. 2. . pU. 60, ane naM. 8 vALAne dakSiNApathezvaranuM birUda lAgyuM hovA chatAM - (21) svAmi eTale temanI mAlikI hatI, eTaluM ja tathA naM. 17 karatAM naM. 18vALo ghaNo mATe rAjavI tho sUcave che; eTale ke pradeza vArasAmAM maLyA hatA, nahIM ke hevA chatAM, lakhAine naM. 17ne mATe mAnI lIdhe che; te kevuM conqueredjItI lIdhA hatA. A pramANe Lord no artha anyAya karanAruM thaI paDayuM che te mATe juo naM. 17nuM vRttAMta) 16

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122 ] zilAlekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa hakIkata (pu. 2mAM sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti vizenA bhAga-jema dakSiNa hiMdamAM palava rAjAo thayA che vivAdamAM pR. 39thI 397 tathA rUdradAmananA vRttAMtamAM tema)ne eka saradAra vizeSa hovo joIe. savizAkha pu. 4, 208 thI 218 sudhImAM) vistArathI spaSTa karI nAma ja batAve che ke te paradezI nahIM paNa Arya batAvI che te tyAMthI joI levI. vaLI amArA maMtavyane prajAne zobhituM nAma che. vizeSa madadarUpa thaI paDe tevA A zilAlekhamAMnAja samaya vize jaNAvavAnuM ke ke. . re.mAM tene zabda upara atra dhyAna kheMcavuM rahe che. teNe yaudhe samaya noMdho rahI gayo dekhAya che. paraMtu mULamAM yAjhane jItI lIdhA hatA ema jaNAvyuM che. A (jIo epI. I. pu. 8, pR. 47. ApaNuM 5. 3, audheyAjha ke ayodhyA je uccAra kare te banne pR. 212) tene AMka 72 lakhe che. vidvAnoe (jAo pu. 1mAM trIjA paricchede ) nuM sthAne yukta Ane zaka saMvata lekhI 72 + 78=I. sa. 150 ne prAMtamAM gaNavuM rahe che. eTale ema artha thayo ke te samaya aryo che jyAre amArA hisAbe te cakaNuM e che , yukta prAMtano svAmI banyA hatA. jayAre itihAsa te zakano AMka che ane te tenA pitA dakSetikanA ema kahe che ke, rUdradAmananI sattA jyAM sudhI rAjyanI zarUAta I. sa. 103 mAM thaI tyArathI avaMti upara hatI tyAMsudhI ane te bAda paNa A yukta- gaNAyo hoIne (pu. 4pR. 188) tene samaya I. prAMta upara, temanA mULa saradAra ane ziratAja evA sa. 175 no gaNa rahe che. kuzanavaMzI kaniSTha bIjAnI ja sattA jAmI paDI hatI. te pachI zuM eka samaye eka ja bhUmi upara be rAjAdhirAjonI ANa pharI rahI hatI ema gaNavuM? matalaba naM. 39-guMdA ke atyAra sudhInI mAnI rahelI mAnyatA bhUlabharelI rUddhasiMha pahelo, varSa 103, vaizAkha zukla paMcamI. che. vaLI kSatrapa uparathI mahAkSatrapa2 pada upara kema guMdA gAma kAThiyAvADanA hAlAra prAMtamAM AveluM caDAya che (pu. 4, pR. 204, TIkA naM. 44) te prasaMganI che. "It records a donation made at the yAda karatAM paNa jaNAI Avaze ke temAM jIta meLa- village of Rasopadra by the Abhira vavAnI jarUra ja nathI. General (senapati) Rudrabhuti=241 [CH? AgaLa jatAM "the work of repairing senApati rUdrabhUtie ropaka gAma dAnamAM ApyAnI the broken dam to be carried, out temAM noMdha karI che." A uparathI spaSTa thAya ke by the minister Suvisakha, the son AbhIra prajAnA saradAre cakaNu kSatrapanI nekarImAM of Kuldipa a Pahlava=gTI gayela baMdhanuM hatA (pu. 3nA aMte 11mA paricchede pR. 374-384) samArakAma, pahalava jAtinA kulepanA putra suvizAkha jemAMnA eka Izvaradatta svataMtra banI pitAne vaMza nAme maMtrIne soMpyuM hatuM ema je lakhyuM che temAM A sthApyo hato. dAnanI vAta che eTale dhArmika kAryane pahalava jAtine parazIyana-vArathIana lekhela che. udeza che e paNa cokkasa che. samaya 103 varSa che amAruM ema mAnavuM che ke te suvizAkha pahadava nahIM eTale I. sa. 206ne gaNo . paNa palava jAti (eTale licchavI kSatriyone eka (22) ApaNI dhAraNA pramANe ja priyadarzinano A lekha hakIkta lekhamAM nahIM ja hoya. mAtra vidvAnoe pitAnI hoya te, priyadarzinane mahAkSatra5 pada lAgyuM kahevAya, te meLe lakhI kADhI che. athavA hoya te, rUdradAmane pitAnI kadApI banavA gya ja nathI. A hakIkata ApaNuM matanI sthitinI cekhavaTa karI batAvI che eTaluM te uparathI virUddha jAya che. paraMtu banavA yogya che ke, mahAkSatrapavALI sAbita thAya che,

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SaSama pariccheda ] zilAlekhe [ 123 - na. 4-junAgaDha. zA mATe A taLAva khodAyuM te je ke jaNAvarUdrasiMha pahelo, sAlane AMka guma thayela che. vAmAM AvyuM nathI, paraMtu ApaNe have sArI rIte caitra zukala paMcamI. jANItA thaI gayA chIe ke (uparanA sarva zilAlekho A lekhamAM zuM hakIkata che tathA tene zuM uddeza juo) prAcIna samaye, rAjakartAne dharma upara ghaNI prIti che te (pu4, pR. 217-18) jaNAvAI gayuM che. rahetI ane tethI dhArmika kAryo karavA mATe talapApaDa atra eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke, anya lekhonI peThe rahetA ane jyAre jyAre te nimitte dAna karatA tyAre A paNa dhArmika kArya nimitte ketarAvela che ane tyAre, bhaviSyanI olAdane te kAryonI yAda ApavA ke. A. 2. nA maMtavya pramANe jainasaMpradAyane lagatA kAje te lekha ketarAvatA. A heta sudarzana te che. samayanuM varSa 40 che eTale lekha na. 38, 38 taLAvanI prazasti pAchaLa paNa rahelo hato te sthAna pramANe te I. sa. 143ne Thare che. giranAra jevA jainadharmanA pavitra tIrtha sthAnanIdhAmanI taLeTIrUpa hovAthI tyAM, jyAre magadhapati caMdragupta naM. 41-mulavAsara samrATa yAtrA karavA Avyo hato tyAre yAtrikone pANI rUdrasiMha pahele, 122muM varSa vaizAkha vada paMcamI. pIvAnI sagavaDatA mATe te taLAva prathama baMdhAvavAmAM A mulavAsara gAma, kAThiyAvADamAM gAyakavADa AvyuM hatuM. pAchaLathI kALakrame jema tene durasta sarakAranA okhAmaMDaLa prAMtamAM AveluM che tenA karAvavAnI jarUriyAta lAgatI gaI tema tenA vArasee taLAva kAMThethI A lekha maLe che. Its purport durasta paNa karAvyuM che. te badhA ItihAsathI ApaNe is uncertain=Azaya anizcita che. varSa 1rara have saMpUrNa rIte mAhitagAra thaI gayA chIe. jema eTale I. sa. 225nuM Thare che. * A sudarzana taLAvanuM sthAna jainaprajAnuM eka mukhya tIrthadhAma hatuM, tema A jasadaNa pAsene pradeza paNa naM. 42-jasadaNa tevuM ja eka agatyanuM jainadharmIonuM tIrthasthAna hatuM. rUdrasene pahelo, 128 (ke 126) muM varSa, bhAdrapada ane tethI karIne cakkaNavaMzI rAjAo jemano dharma vada paMcamIne. paNa jaina hato (juo uparanA lekhe tathA pu. 4mAM This inscription is on a pillar on temanuM vRttAMta) temaNe tyAM yAtrA nimitte jatAM, maryavaMzI the bank of the lake at Jasdan in sannATAnuM sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvyAnuM anukaraNa karI, the north of Kathiawar. It probably ekAda taLAva baMdhAvyuM hoya te vAstavika lAge che. commemorates the construction of a ' A jasadaNanuM sthAna kAThiyAvADanI lagabhaga tank during the reign of Rudrasena= madhyamAM ane coTilAne DuMgara kyAM Avela che tathA kAThiyAvADanA uttara bhAgamAM jasadaNa zaheranA taLA- je bhAgane pAMcAla tarIke oLakhAvAya che tyAM Avela vanA kinAre eka pALiyA upara A lekha ketarAvela che. alabatta tyAM javAno mArga ceTilA thaIne hAla che. rUdrasenanA rAjaye taLAva baMdhAvyAnA smaraNamAM te nathI. paraMtu bhAvanagara relavenI je beTAda-jasadaNa paNakarIne ubhe karAvyo che. matalaba ke taLAva baMdhAyuM lAIna che temAM jasadaNa nAmanuM sTezana che tyAM thaIne che, te samayanI yAda ApatA te lekha che ane tene paNa je gADA raste ceTilethI javAya te pAMca sAta samaya 128 varSa I. sa. 231ne gaNo paDe che. mAIlane ja paMtha rahe che. te pradezamAM ANaMdapura nAme (23) petAnI kIrti vadhAravAno hetu temAM nahata, detAM zikhe, e badhapATha ApavAno hato. paraMtu tene joine bhaviSyanI prajA paNa tevA prakAranuM dAna (24) 5, 3, 5. 183 tathA TIkAe,

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124 ] eka gAmaDuM25 che (juo pu. 2, pu. 185 "zAvatuM chatAM kALanA jhapATAmAM" vALA pArimrAka) A pradeza upara I. sa. 9mI sadImAM (jyAre mULarAja sAlaMkIe A pradeza upara caDhAi karI hatI tyAre) vaDhavANunI--vardumAnapurInA rAjA dhruvasenanI-hakumata cAlatI hatI tethI tene vamAnapura-ANaMdapuranA nAmathI meLakhatA hatA. A ANaMdapura gAme, je zatru Mjya parvata jaina dharmIonuM atyAre mahAtIrtha manAya che tenI taLeTI hatI. A badhuM varNana haDALAnA zilAlekha AdhAre (I. e. pu. 12. pR. 190) lekha lakhIne27 sAbita karI ApyuM che. matalaba ke A jasadaNunA pradezamAM siddhAcaLa parvatanI taLeTI hatI ane tyAM jaina yAtrALuo darzane AvatA hatA. te pramANe caNuvaMzI rAjAe paNa darzane AvyA hAya ane yAtrikAne pANI mATe paDatI hADamArI dUra karavA, rAjadharma tarIke eka vizALa taLAva khAdAvyuM hAya ema mAnavuM rahe che. naM. 43--nAsikanA zilAlekhA It records the investment of two sums of money...for the purpose of providing medicines for the sick among the monks, dwelling in the monastery on Mount Trirasmi=trirazmi parvata uparanA [ ekAdazama khaDa maDhavAsIe sAdhunI davAdArUnI jogavAi karavA mATe dravyanI e rakamA chUTI pADavAnI temAM nAMdha che. dhArmika kArya nimitte dravya kADhayAnA ullekha che. trirazmI parvatanuM sthAna kevuM pavitra ane tIrthadhAma che te uparamAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. peAtAnA rAjye varSa 9muM che. te traikUTaka saMvatsaranuM che (pu. 3, pR. 384) jete vidvAnAe kalacara athavA cedisaMvata tarIke oLakhAvyA che. tenI Adi te tenA pitAnA rAjyAraMbhathI I. sa. 249thI thaI che jyAre A lekhanA samaya peAtAnA rAjye 9mA varSanA hArdane tenA samaya I. sa. 261+ 9=I. sa. 270aa kare che. temAM rAjA dharasene jIta meLavIne azvamedha yajJa Izvarasena varSe 9 muM, unALAnuM ceAyuM. pakhavADiyuM karyAnA tathA kanIyaDAkAsArikA gAma brAhmaNAne dAna terame divasa dIdhAnA ullekha che. matalaba ke rAjA brAhmaNudharmo che.28 ane traikUTaka saM. 207=207+319 i. sa. para6nA samayane che. jo ke zilAlekha na. 43 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe A traikUTaka saMvata vAparanArA rAjAe prathama jainadharmI hatA tathA kalasUri saMvata ja vAparatA hatA. parantu AmAMnA dharasene vaidikadharma . (25) jIe pu. 2, pR. 185 zAsvata chatAM kALanA jhapATAmAM ''vALeA pArigrApha, na. 44--pADI dhanasena rAjA, traikUTaka saMvata 207tA, vaizAkha zukala trayeAdazIne. jainaaAti pu. 1 ( sa. 1988), pauSa aMka 3, pU. 83 thI 88: jainadharma prakAza pu. 45 (sa. 1985), vaizAkha aMka 2, pR. 58 thI 63 I. lekhA. (26) zatruMjaya parvatanuM nAma siddhAcaLa che. tenA 108 zikhare hAvAnuM gaNAya che. raivatagiri (giranAra), kada'bigira, hastagiri, vimalagiri i. nAme A zikharenAM jANavAM. DhaMkagiri (kAThicAvADanA hAlAra prAMtamAM che) ke jyAMthI ghaNAM prAcIna avazeSA ane mUrtie maLI Ave che te paNa 108 mAMnuM eka gizRiMga ja che. tevIja rIte ANuMgiri paNa eka zikhara che; ane teja A ANaMdapuranuM sthAna samajavuM. (8) traikUTavaMzanI be zAkhA-prathama zAkhA caRRNu vaMzanA saradAra tarIke uparanA lekha naM. 43 nI ane A bIjI zAkhA naM. 44 lekhanI. prathama vALA jainadharmI hatA. temanA sikkA citro jue. temaNe samaya darzananI je paddhati akhatyAra karI che te naM, 44thI judI ja paDe che. temaNe I. sa. 249mAM zarU thayela kalasUri saMvata grahaNa karyA che. (27) jIe gujarAta varnAkayulara seAsAiTInA 'buddhi-jyAre A bIjI zAkhA guptavaMzamAMthI judI paDI che eTale temaNe temane ja dharma ane temaneja saMvata aMgIkAra karyA, prakArA' sane 1974mAM AnaMpurane lekha (4, 44 thI 53).

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SaSama pariccheda ]. zilAlekha [ 125 aMgIkAra karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te dharmapalaTo kyAre thayo atyAre te ilAja nathI paraMtu je bIjI AvRtti hatA te spaSTa thatuM nathI. banavAjoga che ke teNe ja karavAno samaya prApta thayo te ATalo sudhAro kare dharmaparivartana karyuM che. te vakhate Avazyaka lekhIzuM. sthAna ane samaya tathA kartAo paratve upara pramANe naM. 45--kaherI sthiti jaNavyA bAda, teone kotarAvavAmAM samAyelA raikUTaka saMvata 245nuM varSa, kartAnuM nAma ApyuM uddeza ane hetu saMbaMdhI vicAra karIzuM te, eke nathI. temAM A kRSNagiri (juo lekha naM. 13 TI. ekamAM-ema kahone ke eka paNa apavAda sivAyanaM. 30thI 32) uparanA mahAna maThamAM eka caityanI turata spaSTa rIte jaNAI Ave che ke, tema karavAmAM kaI sthApanA karyAnI noMdha che, teno samaya 245muM varSa dhArmika kAraNane lIdhe ja skaraNa jamI che. pachI te eTale I. sa. 245+319=564 gaNo rahe che. yAtrikanI agavaDatA dUra karavA mATe hoya che te sthAna upara vasatA RSi-muni ane tapasIone potAnA nitya uparanA traNe lekha (naM. 43, 44 ane 45)ne niyamo pUrNa karavAne madadarUpa thaI paDe tevI anukULatA lagatI vizeSa hakIkata pu. nA aMte 11mA paricchede ubhI karavA mATe hoya, ke chevaTe tenA racanAra-dAna khulAsAvAra samajAvAI gaI che eTale punarukti karI denAranA pitAnA AtmAnA kalyANArthe hoya-paraMta vAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. A prakAranA koIne koI dhArmika saMgomAM tathA prakAranuM dAna devAnuM pagaluM bharAyuM che ema jaNAI A be paricchedamAM sarva maLIne 45 zilAlekha AvyA vinA raheze nahi. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, varNavyA che. temAMnA sthAna ane samaya tathA kartAone temAM dhArmika hetu ja hato, nahIM ke rAjakIya; pachI vicAra karIzuM to lagabhaga 3 bhAga tene kartA rAjA hoya ke samAjanA keAI sAmAnya upasaMhAra zAtakaraNi-zatavahanavaMzI rAjA- gRhastha hoya. rAjA heya,ne pachI teNe amuka pradeza enI kRtie ja rokI lIdho upara jIta meLavIne tenI khuzAlImAM dAna karyuM hoya dekhAya che. paraMtu jo e lekha kotarAvavAnA Azayane ke putrajanmanI vadhAImAM paNa tema karyuM hoya ke paNa sAthe sAthe vicAra karIzuM to te, tethI ye AgaLa potAnA svAmIbhAone saMgha kADhIne yAtrAe gayo vadhIne-kahe ke lagabhaga 9 bhAga-kahevuM paDaze ke A heya-Ama nimittabhUta bhale aneka prakAranAM kAraNo adhavaMzI rAjAo paratve ja temAM hakIkata lakhAI upasthita thayAM heya; paraMtu prAMte, hetu to dhArmika ane che. eTale upara darzAvela hatuthI A zilAlekhAne paranA ke potAnA kalyANArthaja agrapaNe ramI rahyA AMdhavaMzanA varNana sAthe joDavAmAM, ApaNe vicAra na hoya eTaluM nivivAdita dekhAya che. A uparathI karatAM samagra rIte tenI oLakha tathA varNana ApavuM prAcIna samaye prajAnAM-zuM rAjA ke sAmAnya prajAupayogI dhAryuM che tathA koIpaNa vaMzanA rAjavInuM jananAM-mAnasanuM laDhaNa kevA prakAre vahI rahyuM hatuM tene vRttAMta AlekhatAM pahelAM jema temane lagatAM pari. sahaja khyAla AvI jaze. A vastusthitithI cacheda joDI dIdhAM che, te ja pramANe A zilAlekho pAzcAtya vidvAna kevaLa aparicita hevAthI-kahe ke saMbadhI paNa jo vartana rakhAyuM hatuM te vizeSa upa- pitAne maLelA saMskArathI ja anyanI mApaNI karavAnuM kAraka gaNuta ema have manamAM lAgI Ave che. manuSyamAtrane sugama lekhAya che te nyAye-ema mAnI - (29) uparanI TIkA. naM. 28 juo. A arasA. hiMdanA ka9yANIvALA cAlaka ema banne svataMtra thaI gayA mAM, guptavaMzamAMthI valabhIpuranA maitrako temaja dakSiNa jaNAya che,

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126 ] zilAlekhA [ ekAdazama khaDa vAnA prasaMga jo ubhA thAya te temAM rAjakAraNa sivAya anya hetu hAI zake ja nahIM ane tevI kalpanAe ja saurASTramAM Avela junAgaDha-girinagaranI taLeTImAM magadhapati samrATa caMdragupte prathama kheAdAvela sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvavAnI bhAvanA AgaLa dharI dIdhI che, te ja pramANe kSatrapa rUdradAmana ityAdi vizenuM samajI levuM. paraMtu ATalA vivecanathI have vAcakanI khAtrI thaze ke te pramANe banyuM nathI ane tethI ja rAjakIya kalpanA vaDe bAMdhela nirNayAe, AkhA bhAratIya itihAsane kadarUpA citarI batAvyA che. have kayA prakAre tene sudhArAya eTalI ja IcchA ApaNe sevIe. lIdhuM dekhAya che ke kAI rAjakartAne zilAlekha kAtarAva-peSaNu paNa thai jAya ane kadAca vAcakane kaMTALA paNa Ave; tema khIjI khAjI, jo cheADI devAya tA, kharA itihAsa upara je prakAza paDavA joI e te rahI paNa jAya che. temaja temAMthI nIkaLatA medhapATha je ApaNe grahaNa karavA rahe che te visAre paDI jAya che. AthI ema TharAvIe chIe ke hakIkata ja te te rAjAnA vRttAMta AlekhanamAM utAravI te khAkInI, jyAre IcchA vadhe tyAre A pariccheda vAMcIne meLavI levI. hajI eka bIjo mArga laI zakAya ke sarva zilAlekhAmAM varNavAyalI hakIkatane samagrapaNe ane vihaMgadaSTie khyAla AvI jAya te mATe, TUMkamAM tenuM kASTaka banAvIne raju karavuM; je uparathI vastunA citAra paNa AvI jAya ane vistArathI jANavAnI IcchA pravarte tyAre, asala varNana AMkha taLe kADhI paNa levAya. A hetuthI pIstAlIse zilAlekhAnI nAmAvaLI, samaya temaja kartAne lagatI TraMka mAhitI nIce pramANe kASTakavAra joDI cheH Treka mAhitI. lekhAmAM joke ghaNI ghaNI mahatvapUrNa hakIkatAne samAveza karavAmAM AvyeA che ane te sarvene jo tenA nirmAtA evA rAjAonAM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate pAchI yAda karavA mAMDIe, teA eka tA vinA kAraNe piSTa purAvA tathA pramANa I. I. kA. AM. re. pra. pR.45, pAri 57 tathA rR. 19, pAri 21 AMka| samaya tathA sthAna 1 2 3 I. sa. pU. 383; nAnAvATa (gAdAvarI jIllA) anizcita; nAsika | kA. AM. rU. pR. 46, pAri 23; pR. 19, pAri 22-23 i. sa.nI Adine; | kA. AM. rU. pR. 46; nAsika tathA pU. 20, pArA 25 gautamIputra yajJazrInI rANI nAganikAe, peAtAnA sagIra putranA rIjaMTa tarIke, haMmaNeAne dAna dIdhuM che. (baMmaNu eTale brahmacarya pALe te; evA purUSone dAna dIdhuM che eTale ke ahiMsAyukta; nahIM ke yajJa karatAM evA brAhmaNAne eTale hiMsAyukta dAna dIdhuM hatuM ). sagIraputranA samaye banAva banyA che (I. sa. pU. 383) jyAre lekha kAtarAvyA che te putra moTA thai rAjyapade Avye| tyAre, tenA rAjyakALe teramA varSe; eTale I. sa. pU. 371mAM--vizeSa mATe ja, me. hUM. za, e. sA. navI AvRtti pu. 3, pR. 47-83 jue. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjA kRSNanA; je rAjA zrImukhanA bhAi thAya che. zaktizrInA nAmanI pichAna apAi che. daMtakathA pramANe TharAvAya teA (uparamAM dvitIya paricchedanA aMte joDela nAmAvaLI pramANe naM. 23 vALA zivasvAti gAya ane guNapramANe TharAvAya tA, naM. 18 vALA rAjA hAla zAlivAhana thAya (dhaNuM karIne teja Tharaze)

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paSama paricheda ] zilAlekho . [ 127 anizcita; | bhiSmAsa; pR. 214, | vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNinA rAjya kaI kArIgare dAna bhilsA (mALavA) 264, 269; pleITa dIdhAnI hakIkata che. rAjA hAla pulumAvI che. rAjAnI Sanchi Tope No. sAnidhyamAM kotarAyelo hovAthI ane pote tenI raiyata 1; naM. 19H ke. . re. hovAthI zAtakaraNinuM nAma lakhAvyuM samajAya che. pR. 47 ane 23, pAri 29 tathA 57 5-6 I. sa. pU. 309; J. A. re. pR. 27] (pAMcamA) rAjA mAharIputra svAmi zakasene potAnA kaherI | pAri 35 tathA 36 ] rAjyakALe AThamA varSe kotarAvela che. (nAsika jIlle) 7 | I. sa. pU. 54; / ko. o. re. pR. 29, bennATakanA svAmi evA gautamIputra zAtakaraNie | pAri 38: pR. 36, pitAnA rAjya 19mA varSe gAradhana samaya jItI laIne, pAri 43 | hukama kADhayo che ke, rUSabhadatte pUrve je dAna ApyuM ke. A. re. pR. 104;| hatuM te have pote karyuM che ema pheraphAra karo. teNe Had exterminated zakene harAvyA hatA (Destroyed the Sakas the race of and restored the glory of = 2131-1 ors Ksaharatas kADhI nAMkhI ane kIrti pAchI meLavI). naM. 1 vALo ariSTakarNa samajavo. RSi-tapasvIone dAna dIdhAnI vAta che eTale dhArmika tatva ja samajavuM. laDAinuM kAraNa paNa dhArmika dekhAya che, nahIM ke rAjakAya. trirazmi parvatanI pavitratA vizenI vAta paNa samajAvI dIdhI kahevAya; dakSiNApathapatinuM upanAma ApyuM che (sarakhA nIcene lekha naM. 13). | 8 | i. sa. pu. 48: Iko. o. 3. pra. 48ko. naM. 7 lekhanA anusaMdhAnamAM ane potAnA rAjya 24mAM nAsika A. re. pAri 38 varSe, rANImAtA baLazrInA nAme AjJA che. goradhana prAMtanA subA zyAmakane hukama kare che ( eTale pote bennATakamAM beThA beThA AjJA pharamAvI che). vaLI te vakhate pitAne meTabhAI jIvaMta hoya ema paNa nakkI karI che. pitAnI aMtima avasthA hoya ema samajAya che. tethI 10 5khavADiyAnA (pAMca mAsa) AMtare be vibhAge AjJAe karI che. eTale pitAne maMdavADa cha mAsa laMbAyo samajAya che temaja aMtima avasthAe dAna devAno rivAja hato te siddha thAya che. kaisIlane vahivaTa nahote, temaja rANI baLazrIe rAjakAjamAM bhAga paNa lIdhe nathI dekhAto. rAjyanuM ati upayogI eka aMga samAna tene darajajo hato eTaluM spaSTa thAya che.

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128 ] zilAlekho [ ekAdazama khaMDa AMka samaya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANu I.I. TUMka mAhitI. | I. sa. pU. 53; ke. . 2. pR. 49;] uparavALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNIne potAnA rAjya kArle | tathA pR. 29, pAri | 18mA varSe ketarAvela. kArlovALA mAmala (manamADa) (nAsika jIllo) | 38-39 jIllAnI valuraka (ilerA ?)nI guphAmAM vasatA tapa svIonA upayoga mATe, karajaka (karajata ?) gAmanI upaja dAnamAM dIdhI che. naM. 8mAM apAyela dAna pachI be pakhavADIye=1 mAse A dAna devAyuM che. maMdavADanI AkharI avasthAmAM, nahIM ke vidvAne as a result of his victory over Nahapan = nahapANa upara pote meLavela vijyanA smaraNamAM hovAnuM jema lekhAve che tema; kemake nahapANanA maraNa bAda 21-22 varSe A banAva banyo che eTale pachI jIta meLavyAnA smaraNa tarIke saMbhavita ja nathI. anizcita, amarA vAsiSThaputra svAmIzrI pulumAvI-naM. 18vALA rAjA | vatI (bejhavADA hAla zAtakaraNine che. hAthIguphA lekhamAM varNavyA pAse, kRSNalle) pramANe rAjA khAravele je mahAcaitya 38 lAkhanA dravya baMdhAvyo hato (mu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo) te prAsAdane dAna ApyAnI hakIkata che. eTale rAjA khAravela ane A vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI ekaja dharmanA-jainadharmo TharyA; tathA amarAvatInA stupane bauddha dharmane TharAvAya che tene badale have te jaina dharmanuM sthAna Thare che. 1na eka I. sa. pU. ane bIje I. sa. pU. banne vacce cAra varSanuM aMtara che. rAjA vAsiSThaputra 12 45; nAsika | 41; nAsika | pulumAvInA che. khAsa noMdhavA jevuM kAMI nathI. 13] I. sa. pU. 28; ke. . re. pR. 30; | vAsiSThaputra pulumAvInA rAye 19mA varSe, kAtarA| nAsika | pAri 42-44 tatha vanAra dAdI rANI baLazrI che; TheTha dakSiNa sudhI jIta pR. 38, pAri 45 | meLavI lIdhAnuM jaNAya che. (lekha naM. 7mAM gautamI putrane dakSiNApathapati tarIke ane A lekhamAM pulumAvIne dakSiNApathezvara tarIke jaNAvyo che eTale bannenA arthamAM kAMIka phera che te paNa samajAya che. vaLI niM. 9ne samaya gautamIputranuM 19muM varSa che ane A naM. 13ne samaya vAsiSThaputranuM 19muM varSa che. eTale banne lekhanI vaccenuM aMtara gautamIputranA

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'18 : * r : . . " SaSama pariccheda ] zilAlekha [ 1ra0 AkhA rAjyakALa jeTaluM 25 varSanuM thayuM lekhAze). trirazmi upara rahetA tapasvIone dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che. 14] I. sa. pU. 25| jo be. che. je. e. | nAsika se. navI AvRtti pu. | 3, pR. 74; ke. . re. pR. 50 pAri 57 vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI rAce ramA varSe (uparanA lekha pachI traNa varSa); temAM pitAne Lord of Navanara=navapurUSonA svAmI tarIke jaNAve che. eTale siddha thAya che ke dezanI jIta meLavyA bAda ja pite sAhitya kSetramAM joDAyo che. gAthAsamatI graMtha paNa A samaye ja ra gaNo rahe ane navaratno ne pitAnI sabhAmAM sthApyAnuM paNa gaNavuM rahe. navuM nagara sthApI rAjapATanI pheravaNI karI hatI te hakIkata khetI samajavI. pisAjIpadaka (sudarzana) sthAnamAM Avela sAmalIpada nAme gAma bakSIsa devAno hukama pitAnA sUbAne karyo che 15! I. sa. pU. 40: kArle (nAsika jIllo) 16 | I. sa. pU. 23; | | kArla vAsiSThaputra pulumAvI urphe rAjA hAlane; pitAnA rAjyakALe sAtame varSe. temAM vAluraka gAmanuM dAna munione karyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. pulumAvI vAsiSThaputrane, pitAnA rAjya 24mA varSe. pite 21mA varSe je dAna kareluM tenuM smaraNa temAM karAvyuM che.. 17| bane anizcita | ko. o. re. pR. 51, pR. 38-39, pAri 46 ane 47 vAsiSThaputra pulumAvInI eka kadabavaMzI rANIne che. paTarANuM nahIM hoya sAdI rANI haze. bhagnAvasthAmAM hevAthI, tenI matalaba samajI zakAtI nathI. 18 | I. sa. 112; nAnAdhATa vAsiSThaputra catrapaNa zAtakaraNie pitAnA rAjya 13mA varSe, khAnagI rIte kAMIka arpaNa karyAnI hakIkata lakhI che. amarAvatI; (bejhavADA pAse) vasatazrIne kotarAvela che. mIti apAI nathI. bhagnAvasthAmAM hovAthI tenA AzayanI samajaNa paDatI nathI. A uparathI sIddha thayuM ke teNe TheTha bejhavADA sudhIne mulaka kabaje karyo hato.

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zilAlekho [ ekAdazIbha aDa samaya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANa II. TUMka mAhitI. 20] | i. sa. pU. 387; ke. . re. pAri 51) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNine, ra7mA varSe ketachinnA (kRSNa rAyela. khAnagI bAbata che. A uparathI siddha jIlA) thAya che ke, tenuM rAjya TheTha kRSNa chalA sudhI vistarela hatuM. 21 I. sa. 129; gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA rAjya mA varSe nAsika tenA eka saradAra (dhaNuM karIne senApati)nI patnie sAdhuone guphAnuM dAna karyAnI nedha che. 22 | I. sa. 178; gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA rAye 16mA varSe, kaherI parvata upara rahetA sAdhuo mATe khetaranuM tathA amuka rokaDa rakamanuM dAna apAyuM che. 20 I. sa. 141 () gautamIputra svAmIzrI yajJa zAtakaraNi rAdhe 19 () varSe dAna karyuM che. khAnagI dAna saMbhave che. hAritiputra viSNukaDa-cUDha-zAtakaraNitArIkha guma thaI che. banavAsI (2) hAritiputraviSNukuDa-cUTu-kulAnaMda zAtakaraNi-pitAnA kanerA jIllo) rAjya 12mA varSe A lekha moTA maMdiranA kampAunDamAM che. 26] malavalI () hAritiputra viSNukuDacUTu-zAtakaraNine potAnA rAjya (mahisara rAjya) 19 varSacUDha pAsethI kadaMbenA hAthamAM vanavAsI gayAnI noMdha che. 28 malavallo (2) nAma nahIM darzAvela evA kadaMba rAjAne che. (mahisra rAjaya) ne. 24, 25, 26 ane 28; A cAre lekhamAMnA rAjAene ApaNuM samayanA ItihAsa sAthe bahu saMbaMdha na hevAthI tenI vicAraNanI kAMI agatyatA rahetI nathI. I. sa. pU.414; kaliMgapati cakravatI rAjA khAravele pitAnA rAjya hAthIguphA 13mA varSe kotarAvyA hatA. temAM teNe gAdIe beThA (orissA) pachI prati varSe zuM zuM kAryo karyA hatAM tene vigatavAra hevAla Apyo che, jenuM varNana pu. 4 mAM tenA vRttAMte ApaNe karI batAvyuM che.

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baIma padi ] zilAlekha 134 ] 29] mIti nathI; kabarAnA kAsthavardhanane ApaNe nisbata nathI. talaguda (mahisara saye) | anizcita; jagayA. A. sa. saM. I. . 1, 1 mAharIputra IvAku nAma zrI vIrapuSadattana, pitAnA peTa sUpa | pR. 5 (ImpIrIala rAye rabA varSe kotarAvela che. ApaNA samayanI (kRSNa chelle) | sIrIjha) maryAdAmAM AvatuM nathI dekhAte. kadAca naM. 5 vALe mADharIputra paNa hoya; tema Thare te lekhane samaya I. sa. pU. 298 (vizeSa mATe tenuM vRttAMta juo) AsapAsa kahI zakAya. miti nathI; / ko. . re. pR. 56] rUSabhadatta zaka-trirazmi parvata uparanI guphAnI banAnAsika vaTane lagatI hakIkata ApI che. te bAda uttamabhadrone harAvIne puSkara taLAve abhiSeka karAyAnI ane keTalIka gAyonuM dAna karyAnI noMdha che. chevaTe sAdhuo mATe kherAka meLavavA sabaMdhI hakIkta ApI che. 32T miti nathI; rUSabhadattane; kheravikhera sthitimAM maLela che. Azaya nAsika - samajAtuM nathI. 33| I. sa. pU. 117, rUSabhadattane; kAIka saMvatanA 4ra varSano AMka temAM che. | 118 ane 114; guphAmAM rahetA munionA nirvAha mATenI jogavAI karyAnI nAsika hakIkata AlekhI che; vaLI gayA varSe je dAna karyuM hatuM teMmAM vadhAro karyAnuM jaNuvyuM che. chevaTe 45mA varSanI amuka hakIkata ApI che. A pramANe 42, 41 ane 45mAM varSanI traNa hakIkate ApI che. nahapANu pite, leharATa prajAne hAI. teNe pitAnA pitA bhUmakanA rAjyA raMbhathI saMvatasara calAvyo hato te A che. 34| miti nathI; nahapAnI putrI dakSamitrA ane jamAI rUSabhadatta sAdhu nAsika mATe guphAnuM dAna karyAnI hakIkata che. 35] I. sa. pU. 113; nahapANanA pradhAna ayame, amuka saMvatasaranA 4mA junera varSe dAna karyAnI noMdha che. (nahapANune pradhAna che (nAsika) tethI nahapANu je saMvatasara-kSaharATa saMvata vAparatA teja A che ) rUSabhadattane che. paNa samaya ke sthAnane nirdeza karyo nathI. chatAM Apela hakIkatathI, te kAleMgAme lakhAyala hevAnuM nakkI karI zakAya che. temAM valuraka zaMkAnA sAdhu mATe karachaka gAmanuM utpanna, dAna karyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A dAna gautamIputra sAtakaraNIe pharIne cAlu karI ApyuM che (juo lekha naM. 9).

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132 ] zilAlekhe [ ekAdazama khaMDa AMka samaya tathA sthAna purAvA tathA pramANaI I. TUMka mAhitI kale miti nathI; rUSabhadattanI putra devakano che. samaya Apyo nathI tema Azaya paNa samajAtuM nathI. paraMtu bahu upayogI hoya tema dekhAtuM nathI. 38 | I.sa. 175; | ke. A. re. pR. 60, rUdradAmanane-pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta lakhatAM A lekhanI sarva hakIkata jaNAvAI gaI che. ke. A. re.mAM tenI junAgaDha | e. I. pu. 8 pR. 178T sAla 72 vize kAMI ja lakhyuM nathI; paNa mULa pustaka epIgrAphiyA inDikA ke jemAM A lekhanuM paMktivAra vivecana karyuM che temAM 72nI sAla lakhI che. A saMvatane zaka gaNI vidvAnoe kara + 78=150 I. sa.nI sAla TharAvI che. paraMtu te cakraNa saMvata 10mAM (juo pu. 4mAM tenuM vRttAMta ) zarU thayela hovAthI tene samaya I. sa. 175 ApaNe gaNAvyA che. ' i. sa. 206; | rUddhasiMha pahele, saMvatasara 103, tenA rAjya Abhira : | gudA (kAThiyAvADa) senApati rUdrabhUtie rasaprada nAmanuM gAmaDuM kherAta ryAnI hakIkata che. Abhira prajAnuM astitva I.sa.nI bIjI sadImAM thayuM hatuM ema nakkI thayuM. I. sa. 213; rasiMha pahelo-dAna karyAnI hakIkata che. ke. AM. - junAgaDha re.mAM 40muM varSa lakhyuM che, paNa te bhUlathI lakhAyeluM samajAya che, kemake naM. 39mAM tenI sAla 103 apAI che, jyAre pu. 4 pR. 375mAM tenuM rAjya 103 thI 119 nI che eTale samajavuM rahe che ke te AMka 110 haze. te hisAbe ApaNe ahIM 21 I. sa. lakhI che. 41] I. sa. 225; rasena pahela-1raramuM varSa. Azaya anizcita che. muLavAsara paraMtu taLAvakAMThe te lekha ubhe karAyela che eTale " (kAThiyAvADa-okhA) dhArmika Azaya hovo joIe ema dhArI zakAya che. I. sa. 230; rUkasena pahelAne; 126 ke 127mA varSe. taLAva baMdhAvyA jasadaNa vizenI hakIkata che. L. (kAThiyAvADa) I. sa. 258; nAsika Izvarasena Abhira-navamA varSe-trirazmi upara rahetA sAdhuonA maMdavADa samaye upayogamAM levAya tevI rakamanA dAnanI nedha che. kaiTaka (kalacUri saMvata)nI A sAla che jethI 248 + 8 = 258 I. sa.

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SaSTama pariccheda ] 44 | I. sa. 546; pAraDI ( surata jIllA ) 45 I. sa. 44 () kanherI samaya i. sa. pU. 414 uparanA lekhAne samayanA anukrama pramANe gADhavIe teA, nIce pramANe tenI tArIja Avaze. je lekhAnA samaya nizcitapaNe lekhAvI zakAya che tenI ja gaNatrI mAtra lIdhI che. bIjA paDatA mUkayA che. 387 383 zilAlekhA * 113 133 traikuTakarAjA dharasenane--saMvata 207nA che. azvamedha yajJa karI brAhmaNeAte dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata che, tenA sikkAmAM jainadharmI cinho che eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, teNe khApadAdAnA cAlyA AvatA jainadharma tyajI daI vaidikadharma grahaNa karyAM lAge che te azvamedha pazu karyAM samajAya che. kadAca te samaye jabaradasta dharmakrAMti paNa thavA pAmI hAya. kartAnuM nAma nathI. paraMtu 245nI sAla lakhI che. traikUTaka saMvata dhArIne ( naM 43 juo ) tenA samaya 249 + 205 = 454 hamaNAtA TharAvyA che. temAM kRSNagiri ( kALA parvata ) parvatanA kAi maThamAM caityanI sthApanA karyAnI gAMdha che. rAjAnuM tathA sthAnanuM nAma rAjA khAravelane hAthINuMkAne gAtamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNanA chinnAnA gAtamIputra yajJazrInI rANI nAganikAne-rITa tarIkenA-- nAMnAghATanA 309 mADharIputra svAmI zakasenaneA--kanDerInA be lekhA 298 () | mADharIputra ikSvAku zrI vIrapurUSadattanA, jagyApeTanA- 118-110 rUSabhadatta zakanA; lekha tA eka ja che paNa traNa sAlanI vigata ane 114 varNavI che; nAsikanA che. nahapANunA--pradhAna ayamanA; jIntaratA lekhAMka 20 20 1 5-6 30 33 35

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134 J samaya 53 54 48 45 41 40 28 25 129 138 141 (?) 105 20 23 che. sa. 112 | vasiSThaputra catrapaNa zAtakaraNanA 213 225 230 258 456 44 rAjAnuM nAma tathA sthAnanuM nAma gAtamIputra zAMtakaraNanA ( dakSiNApathapati ) nAsikanA kArlenA nAsikA nAsikanA nAsikanA kArlenA nAsikanA nAsikanA kAle sadara sara vasiSThaputra sAtakaraNui-pulumAvIne sadaranA sadaranA sadaranA ( dakSiNApatyezvara tarIke ) sadaranA ( navanarapati tarIke ) sadaranA gItamIputra svAmi zrI yajJa zAtakaraNanA sadara sara mahAkSatrapa rUdradAmananA .. "3 "" zilAlekhA rUdrasiMha pahelAnA 29 sara rUdrasena pahelAnA sadara izvarasena AbhiranA dharasena traikUTakanA kartAnA nAma vinAnai nAnAdhATa nAsika kanherI kanherI junAgaDha guMdA (kAThiyAvADa) junAgaDha mUlavAsara (AkhA) jasaNu (kAThiyAvADa) nAsika pAraDI (surata) kanherI ekAdazama khaMDa ] lekhAMka 7 T 8 11 12 15 13 14 16 18 21 22 23 38 39 4 41 42 43 44 45

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phona sasama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(1) zrImukha-AMdhra sAmrAjyanA sthApaka rAjA zrImukhanI TUMkamAM Apela oLakha-tenI utpattine, mAtApitAne, sagA tathA oramAne maLIne nava bhAIone tathA pratyekanI umarane batAvele khyAla-te ane tenA sahodara kRSNanA janmasthAna vize karelI carcA-LeSTha putra hovA chatAM, potAnA pitAnI gAdI uparane hakka kema DubADavAmAM A ane pariNAme kevAM pagalAM tene bharavAM paDayAM, tene Apela citAra-kayA pradezamAM ane kayAM rAjagAdI sthApI, tene karelA vivAda-tenAM kula, jAti, vaMza ane dharma vize anekavidha purAvAthI karI Apela nirNaya-tenA putra parivAranuM Apela varNanarAjapade AvyA pachI teNe karelA kAmonI Apela vigata-chevaTe tenA samakAlInapaNe puSyamitra hovAnuM vidvAnee je TharAvyuM che, tenI zakayAzakayatA vizenuM karela vivecana (2) gautamI putra yajJazrI-tenA kuTuMba parivAranI karela carcA, ane batAvI Apela umara-mahArathI nAmanA saradArenI Apela oLakha, tathA tenI sAthe kevA saMjogomAM lagna saMbaMdha baMdhAyo hato tenI Apela samajUti-rAjyavistAra tathA rAjanagaranI karelI carcA-vasatazrI-sagIra vayane havAne aMge tenI vidhavA mAtA rANInAganikAe hAthamAM lIdhela rAjasattAnuM Apela varNana, tathA kevA saMjogomAM tene karavo paDela gAdityAga vaLI tene savistRta Apela hevAla

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136 ] tenI uMmara tathA sagAMvahAlAM zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) prathamanA cAra paricchedeAmAM A vaMzanA sarva rAjAonuM vyaktigata jIvana rAjakartA tarIke je kahI zakAya, te sivAyanI sAmAnya hakIkata apAI gaI che. have ApaNe te pratyeka rAjavIonuM jIvana vRttAMta lakhIe. (1) rAjA zrImukha zAtakaraNa A vaMzanA Adi-sthApaka puruSanuM nAma rAjA zrImukha che, tene zilAlekha ane sikkAlekha AdimAM, zimukha zAtakaraNa tarIke paNa saMbeAdhAyA che. zimukha nAma mAtra mAgadhI svarUpa hAya ema dekhAya che; vaLI zAtakaraNa athavA tA kAi vakhata zatavahana vizeSaNa paNa, keTalAka vidvAnA tenA nAma sAthe joDavAne prerAyA che. A zabdonA artha zuM thAya che te prathama paricchede ApaNe savistara samajAvI gayA chIe; te uparathI spaSTa thaze ke, upara nirdiSTa karela game te nAmathI tene saMmeAdhavAmAM Ave tApaNu atihAsika dRSTie kAMija phera paDato nathI. ApaNe tene rAjA zrImukhanA nAmathI ja eLakhAvIzuM. uttara hiMdanA aneka rAjavaMzeA paratve jema anekavizva sAmAnya bAbatanI ApaNe bahu ja Traka mAhitI dharAvatA AvyA chIe--balke kahA ke khIlakula ajJAna chIe, uparAMta je jANIe chIe te paNa vikRta svarUpe-tema dakSiNa hiMda saMbaMdhI paNa teja dazA pravarte che. A sthiti dakSiNu hiMdanA e meTAM sAmrAjyamAMnA ekanuM--karliMganuM vRttAMta, pu. 4mAM ApaNe varNavI gayA chIe, te uparathI vAcakagaNune spaSTa thaI gaI haraze. teja prakAre A khIjA sAmrAjyanI--zatavahanavaMzanI pazu che ema samajI levuM. balake ema kaho ke, A zatavAnavaMzanA keTalAka sikkAo temaja zilAlekhA vAraMvAra maLI AvatA rahe che eTale temAMnA aneka [ ekAdazama khaMDa rAjvIo viSe kAMIkane kAMika mAhitImAM vRddhi thatI rahe che. parantu karliMga sAmrAjyavALA cegni vaMzanI sarakhAmaNImAM-kahA ke samasta bhAratavarSanA rAjakA~ va'zAmAM--A vaMzanA zAsanakALa ati dIrdha hAvAthI, temaja te vaMzanA rAjAenI saMkhyA paNa te pramANe vizALa heAvAthI, chuTI chavAi saMkSipta mAhitI maLela heAvA chatAMye, kAMI ja nathI maLyuM ema kahIe te khe|TuM nathI. A sthitimAM, te vaMzanI, jene ApaNe prAthamika-prastAvika hakIkata kahIe tevI, jemake te vaMzanA Adi puruSa kANu hatA, tenI utpatti eTale tene janma, kayA mAbApane peTe thavA pAmyA hatA tathA kayA pradezamAM, ne kayA samaye te vaMzane udaya thayA hatA, tevA sAmAnya praznaneAmAMnA keTalAeka, jema jema prasaMga AvatA gayA tema tema uparanA chae pira aedamAM pRthaka pRthakapaNe ApaNe nivedita karI gayA chIe. eTale tenuM punarUccAraNa laMbANuthI karavA prayeAjana rahetuM nathI. parantu tenI umara, tenAM sagAMvahAlAM, putraparivAra AdinuM vivecana vagere tenA jIvanapravAha sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatAM ghaNAM tattvA hajI joDavAM rahI gayAM che; te atra tenA jIvananA vyaktigata paricaya ApatAM pUrve varNavavAnAM che. tema karavAmAM, je praznA uparamAM jaNAvAI gayA che tene TuMka sAra atra jaNAvavA Avazyaka che. saMkSiptamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, tene janma magadhapati naMda khIjo, jene ApaNe mahApadma tarIke oLakhAvI rahyA chIe, tenI zuddha jAtinI rANI peTe-zikAra karIne gujarAna calAvatI evI pAdhi vargamAMnI ekAda jAtinI kanyAthIthayA hatA. eTale ApaNe kahetAM, mizravaNunI elAdanA khAnyA che. parantu te banne ekaja nAma heAvAnuM manAyuM che. tethI atra eka nAmanA ja nirdeza karela che. tene zuddha kSatriya na (3) jo AMdhra zabda jAti (?) vAcakra (jIe uparamAM pR. 20) heAya teA, te pAridha vanI eka jAti vizeSa samajavI. pAdhinA tA dhaMdhA ja che, parantu je geAtranI te kanyA che (juo AgaLa upara A paricchede putra piravAravALe tenI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM (1) ke. AM. re. pra. pR. 42, pArI. para:--The fo* under of the line bears the name "Satavahan inscribed over his statue in the Nanaghat cave (Raja Orimukh Satavahano)=nAnAdhATanI guphAmAMnA putaLAnI nIce, te vaMzanA sthApaka tarIke 'zAtavAhana' nAma (rAyA simukha zAtavAhanA) kAtarAvAyuM che. (2) matsyapurANamAM tene zizuka nAmathI paNa eLa-pArigrApha) te ucca brAhmaNagAtrIya samajAya che.

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saptama paricheda ]. zrImukhanI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM [ 137. eka pharajaMda tarIke oLakhAvIzuM. te vaMzanI Adi kuMvara me hai joIe ja ane svAbhAvika niyama mahAvIra saMvata 100 (zata)mAM I. sa. pU. 4ra7mAM pramANe te moTA kuMvarane hakka prathama hovo joIe. thavAthI tene zatavahanavaMza tarIke paNa oLakhAvAyo parantu te samaya sudhI te dAkhale besela nahi che. temaja aneka prasaMge-te vaMzanA rAjAonAM jIvana hovAthI amAtyane ane rAjakAraNamAM paDela anya sAthe joDAyela hovAthI temane AMdhrapati, AMdhrabhatyA, karmacArione A praznane nikAla samAdhAnapUrvaka zAtakaraNi, ItyAdI upanAmo paNa tene lagADavAmAM lAvavA jarUra ubhI thayela. A pramANe bIjI sthiti che. AvyAM che. A pramANe eka vastusthiti hovAne trIjI bAju ema paNa hakIkata che ke magadhanI khyAla apAI gayo che. tema A zrImukhane paNuM gAdIe naMda trIjAthI AThamA sudhInA, mahApAnA keTalAMka upanAme lagADI zakAya tema che. kSatriyANI jAyA kuMvaro AvyA hatA. te sarvenuM eka pachI have ApaNe teno janma kayAre thaye, eTale ke eka maraNa nipajatAM ane temane keIne putra na teNe ma, saM. 100mAM pitAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI hovAthI, pAchA pharIne ekavAra e ja prazna upasthita te samaye tenI uMmara keTalI hatI. te bAda teNe keTalAM thayo hato ke magadhanI gAdI have kAne sAMpavI. te varSa sudhI rAjya karyuM ne keTalI uMmare maraNa pAme, vakhate paNa chevaTe emaja nikAla lAvavAmAM Avyo che. prazno chaNavAno prayatna karIzuM. tema karavAmAM je hatuM ke zukrANIjAyA kumArane svayameva gAdI suprata keTalIka hakIkata jANI cUkyA chIe tenI punarukti karI zakAya tema te nathI ja, kemake tema thAya te paNa kadAca karavI paDaze temATe prathamathI kSamA mAMgI prathama vakhate jene anyAya thaI rahyo hato tevA, rAjA laI e. ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke te naMda bIjAne zrImukhane khoTuM lAge. vaLI A rAjA zrImukha te putra hatA. A naMdabIjAnuM maraNa masaM. 100=I. sa. atyAre kAMIka baLavAna paNa banavA pAmyo hato eTale pU. 4ra7mAM nIpajyuM hatuM. naMda bIjAne aneka rANIo gusse thaIne magadha upara hallo lAvI tyAMnI thaI hatI, temAM kSatriyANI temaja zANI paNa hatI. pahelA rAjyanI DAmADoLa ane dhaNIdhArI vinAnI ane te rANIone kuMvare jamyA hatA. jyAre rAjAnuM sthitimAM gAdI kabaje paNa karI le, tema rAjamaraNa thayuM tyAre kayA kumArane gAdIe besAravo tenI kuTuMbane najIkana keI e besI puruSa nathI ke khaTapaTa jAgI hatI ane chevaTe te praznane ema teDa jene rAjyAbhiSeka karI levAya. AvI paristhitimAM kADhavAmAM Avyo hato ke kSatrANI jAya kuMvarane evuM TharAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ke rAjyanI hAthaNIne gAdIe besAro. A hakIkata ja siddha kare che ke, paMcadivya sAthe zaheramAM pheravavI ane je puruSane mAthe te kSatriyANInA kuMvara karatAM, zakrANu peTe janmela kaI paMcadivya sthApana kare tene rAjyapade sthApita kara. (4) te samaye jAti vizeSa nahotI, eTale pachI jJAtine joIne, pitAnI putrI tene paraNAvI hatI. (4) rAjA zreNika baMdhAraNa jevA zabdanuM paNa astitva nahatuM ja. kevaLa varNa. te vezya kanyA para hato temaja potAnI kuMvarIne mama ane zreNIoja hatI. eTale reTI vyavahAra tyAM beTI vaizyaputra vere paraNAvI hatI. (5) uparokta samaya bAda thoDA vyavahAra je niyama cAlatuM hatuM. tethI AMtaravargIya lagna varSe thayela caMdraguptasamrATanA mAtAnA kuLa vize aneka paNa thatAM hatAM. tevAM keTalAMye dRSTAMta batAvI zakAze (je anumAna pracalita che. (1) biMdasAra paNa brAhmaNukanyA samayanI vAta karI rahyA chIe te ma. sa. 100no che) para che. (7) samrATa azoka vaizya temaja cavana kanyA temAMnA keTalAMka:-(1) rAjA zrImukhane janma bhinna bhinna para che, I. I. I. vaNIya mAbApane peTe thayo hato (2) rAjA naMda bIje, aneka (5) zrImukha pote mahApaputra hato te ApaNe varNamAMnI kanyAo paraNeyo hate. (3) navamA naMdano rAjyA- sAbita karI gayA hoIne ja, A zabda prayoga ahIM bhiSeka thaye te pUrveja, keI brAhmaNazAstrIe tenI ja kuMDaLI karAya che. 18

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138 ] zrImukhanI umara tathA sagAMvahAlAM [ ekAdazama khaMDa te pramANe karatAM, bhAgyavazAta tevA ja purUSanI varaNI meTA kuMvarane gAdIe besAravAne vAMdhe A na ja thavA pAmI hatI ke, je vyakita marahuma rAjA mahA- heya, paratuM AvI muzkelI temane paDI nahatI, pAne kuvaMra ja hato. paraMtu zukrANune peTe janmela temaja temanI uMmara vizene kayAMya eka zabda suddhAMta hiAvAthI jene amAtyaja dezakuLanA vyavahAra pramANe uccArAyo hoya ema vAMcavAmAM paNuM AvyuM nathI. gAdI upara besAravAne acakAtA hatA. matalaba e thaI ulaTuM haju ema vAMcavAmAM AvyuM che-kahevAyuM che ke te ke A vakhate apavAdarUpa gaNAtA mahApadranA prANI, putra sahodaro hatA. ane tevI sthiti heya-bake che jAyA kuMvaraneja gAdI maLI ane te navamA naMda tarIke ja-te dareka vaccenuM aMtara kamamAM kama doDhathI be varasanuM maMgadhapati thayo. A samaye (ma. sa. 112=I. sa. rahevuM joIe. te hisAbe 10-11 varSane umere pR. 415) tenI uMmara 21-22 varSanI hatI ( A karatAM sarvathI moTAnI, ese naMda trIjAnI uMmara pAte badhI hakIkata mATe pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo.) magadhapati banyo tyAre kamamAM kama 24-25nI Asa upara varNavAyelI traNe paristhitine jo ekatrita pAsa hovAnuM Thare che. vaLI ApaNe pUravAra karI gayA karIne graMthozuM te mAlama paDaze ke rAjA mahApadyanuM chIe ke, kamAra zrImUkhanI uMmara nA naMda trIjA karatA maraNa ma. saM. 99-100mAM thatAM, gAdIvArasa mATe prazna maTI ja hatI. eTale sahaja anumAna karI zakAya che udbhavyo hato tevo karIne naMda AThamanA maraNa bAda ke tenI uMmara 2-28 varSanI balake tethI paNuM upasthita thayA hatA. ane bane samaye rAjA mahApadmanA vadhAre haze ja, vidvAnoe tenI uMmara lagabhaga 35-36 je kamArane gAdI suprata karavAmAM AvI hatI. alabatta varSanI TevI che te kAMI baTuM nathI. paraMtu teo kayA prathamanA avasare (ma. sa. 100mAM) kSatriyakuvaranI purAvAnA AdhAre te nirNaya upara AvyA che te varaNI thaI hatI jyAre dvitIya avasare (ma. saM. avasara (ma. e. jaNAyuM nathI eTale tenI tapAsamAM utarI zakAya tema 113mAM) ddhANI tanaya upara pasaMdagI utArI hatI. nathI. mATe saraLa mArga e ja che ke te benI vaccenAA ane prasaMga vaccenuM aMtara tera varSanuM che. eTale 2 thI 30 vaccenA-mArga akhatyAra karo ane navame naMda pote jyAre gAdIpati thayA tyAre 21-22 tenI uMmara batrIsanI TharAvavI. varSane je hato (juo pu. 1) te, potAnA pitAnA A sarva hakIkatano sAra (rAjA zrImukhanAM sagAMmRtyu samaye-kahetAM, pote gAdIe beThe te pUrve tera vahAlAM tarIke) e thaze ke, rAjA mahAparvane sauthI varSe navathI daza varSano hato tema kahI zakAya. ane meM putra dvANIne peTe thaye hatuM, te bAda cha putra naMda trIjAthI ATha sudhInA cha e rAjA, bhale mahA- kSatriyANI peTe janmyA hatA, te pachI eka putra padmanA kSatriyANI peTe janmela kuMvara hatA paNa (navame naMda) zUka rANInA peTe janmyA hatA. eTale navamAM naMdathI umaramAM meTA te hatA ja; eTale 11 ke rAjA naMda bIjAne ATha putro thayA hatA tathA kSatriya varSathI moTA hatA ema sAbita thaI gayuM. have je ane zuddha jAtinI rANIo paNa hatI. atra eka chae kumAre bhinnabhinna mAtAnA udarathI janmyA hoya bIjo prazna uThe che ke zrImukhanI ane navamAM naMdanI-te te te te sarvenI uMmara vaccenuM aMtara, bilakula na bannenI mAtAne zadvANa te kahI che paraMtu te eka ja paNa hoya ane hoya kharuM. je aMtara na ja hoya vyakti che ke bhinna bhinna te kaLAyuM nathI. jo ke, te temAMnA sarvathI moTAnI uMmara 11-12 ke baha te pu. 1 mAM ApaNe ema sAbita karI gayA chIe ke 13 varSanI AsapAsamAM hoya. ane je ke te uMmara te te bane badI rANIo hatI. temaja rAjA zrImukhane samaye pAkI (major) gaNAtI hatI eTale temAMnA eka sahedara zrIkRSNa nAme hatA ( juo uparamAM nakI che ke, kRSNa te zrImukhane bhAI hate. 9) ke. . 2 pArA-23 ;-It is probable that kirina was the brother of Srimukha R1921

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anya vicAravA yAgya prazna sakSama paricchedra ] pR. 91, lekha naM. 2.) eTale tene paNa mahApadmane kuMvara ja gaNavA rahe. A pramANe rAjA mahApadmane ekaMdare navaputrA ane ochAmAM ochI traNa rANIe eka kSatriya ane je zUdra jAtinI thai, ane te sarvenI gaNanA rAjA zrImukhanA sagAMvahAlAmAM paNa karAvavI rahI. rAjA zrImukhanI uMmara ApaNe 32 varSanI TharAvI che ane tenuM rAjya 13 varSa cAlyuM heAvAnuM sAbita pu. 1. naMdivardhana rAjye ) naMdapahelAe dakSiNa hiMdanA prAMtA jevAke, aparAMta ane tenAthI paNa dakSiNa tenuMAvela bhUmine pradeza jItI lIdhA hatA eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke, A sarva pradezA phAve tA pAte svahaste chatI lIdhA hoya ke peAtAnA yuvarAjanI saradArI taLe sainya mAkalIne te jItI lIdhA heAya, paraMtu jItI lIdhA hatA teTaluM nakkI che. A e sthitimAMthI vadhAre saMbhavanIya te ema lAge che ke, yuvarAjane ja tyAM mAkalyA haze. teNe te jItI laine tyAMja rahevAnuM pasaMda karyuM lAge che, balke kaheA ke jema mauryavaMzI samrATe e jItelA pradezAmAM peAtAnA sagAMone sUbA tarIke nImavAnA rIvAja pADayA hatA, tema A naMdivardhane paNa te prathAnuM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM. matalakha e thaI ke, naMdivardhana rAjAe jema potAnA kSatriya baMdhuo-licchavI jAtinA kardama, pallavA, celAo i. i. (jIe pu. 1. tevuM vRttAMta) ne rAja hakumata calAvavA naumyA hatA tema mauryavaMzIoe tenuM anukaraNa karyuM hatuM. uparAMta rAjA maMdivardhane vizeSatA e karI lAge che ke peAtAnA te jJAtibaMdhu saradArAne pRthaka pRthaka pradeza upara sattAdhikAre sthApIne, te sarva upara dekharekha rAkhavAne peAtAnA yuvarAjane niyukta karyAM hatA. A kAraNathI ja cuTukAnaMda-mULAnaMda ( naMdarAjA sAthe sagapaNanI gAMThavALA che evA bhAvArthasUcaka nAmeA) nAmanI vyaktiAnA, te te pradezamAMthI sarva sattAdhIzapaNe heAya evI sthiti darzAvatA, sikkA maLI Ave che. yuvarAja mahApadmanuM gAdIsthAna kAlhApura ke tenI AsapAsamAM haze ane tyAM A zUdrANI kanyAnA rUpathI mAhita thai-jema akre vidizAnA vaizya zreSThinI rUpavatI lagnanA kAraNane lIdhe purANakAroe je 'kALAroAka"nuM birudru ApI dIdhuM che te kevuM asthAne che te A uparathI samajAze. khIjI rIte paNa tene kALAzeAka nathI kahI zakAtA te mATe pu. 1mAM mahApadmanuM vRttAMta jIe, 39 nI vaMzAvaLI tathA thAya che ( e pR. ( pR. 112 mAM lekha naM. 20 nuM vivecana) eTale AyuSya 45 varSanuM thayuM ane tenA saheAdara kRSNane pAMceka varSe nAnA mAnIe te| tenI uMmara, rAjA zrImukha jyAre gAdIpati thayA-eTale ke ma. saM. 100 mAM peAtAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI-tyAre satAvIsa varSanI gaNavI paDaze. ane te hisAbe zrImukhanA ane zrIkRSNanA janma anukrame Ja. saM. 68 (I. sa. pU. 459) ane ma. sa. 73 (I. sa. pU. 454) mAM thayAnuM gaNavuM raheze. uparanA pArigrAphe joi gayA chIe ke rAjA zrImukhanA janma ma. saM. 68=I. saM. pU. 459 mAM thayA hatA. teneA janma te sAlamAM anya vicAravA thayA che eTale tenI mAtAe yAgya prazna garbha dhAraNa karyAnA kALa tathA teNInuM mahApadma sAthe lagna thayAne kALa, doDheka varSa pahelAMnA eTale I. sa. pU. 460-1 tA gaNavA paDaze, te paNa tenI umara-rAjyapade AvyA tyAre-32 varSanI gaNIe chIe tyAre-paraMtu vidvAneAe pAMtrIsa uparanI jema umara AMkI che tema TharAvIe teA, tenI mAtAnuM lagna hajI paNa cAreka varSa vaheluM eTale I. sa. pU. 464-5 mAM thayAnuM lekhavuM raheze. A emAMthI game te samaya lyA, paraMtu eTaluM ceAkkasa che ke, A samaye (i. sa. pU. 465 thI 461 sudhI) magadhapati tarIke te rAjAnaMdi varSana--naMdapahelAnI ANuA pravartI rahI hatI, kAraNake tenuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 456 mAM thayuM che. eTale [ 19 sAra e thayA ke, yuvarAja mahApadma potAnA pitAnI haiyAtimAM A zUdrANI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. kAM magadhapatinA yuvarAjanu sthAna pATaliputra ? ane kayAM A zakANInuM vatana muMbai ilAkAnA kAnArA jIllAmAM ? te enA meLa kema khAdhA te prazna vicAravA rahe che. ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke (juo (7) arokanA samaye paNa jJAti jevuM baMdhAraNa naheAtuM ane eka khInna kanyA letA detA hatA. teA mahApadmanA samaye te tevA lagna paratve kAMI khAdha paNa na hoya te dekhItuM ja che. muke cheAza paNa nahAtA. eTale mahApadmane kevaLa AvA

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140 ] rAjakIya paristhiti ane AMdhrarAjyanI sthApanA [ ekAdazama khaMDa kanyA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM tema-teNI sAthe lagna karyuM dazA vadhAre javAbadAra hatI. dakSiNahiMdane pazcima hatuM. pariNAme rAjA zrImukha ane kRSNa nAme be kinAro je ke, dekhItI rIte magadhanI ANumAM ja putro teNIne thayA hatA. hatA, paraMtu te upara hakumata calAvavA naMdavaMzanA A banne putrone janma, kAravAra jIllAmAM ja saradAre-Azrita vagere jevA ke, mULAnaMda, cUTakAnaMda, thayo hato ke magadhanI bhUmi upara, te nakkI karavAnI dhuLAnaMda I.8 nimAyA hatA. temane paNa jamAnAnI sAmagrI prApta thaI nathI. paraMtu yuvarAja mahApadrane tAsIrane lIdhe rAjalebhane pAsa to lAgyo ja hatuM, tarata ja-deza jItIne TUMka samayamAM ja-svadeza pAchuM eTale teo bhale ughADI rIte magadhapatinI sAme baMDa pharavuM thayuM hoya to putrane janma magadhanI bhUmi uThAvI nahotA zakatA, chatAM manamAM te evA samaupara thayo gaNAze; paraMtu jo te pradezamAM yuvarAjanA samI rahyA hatA ke, jarA jeTaluM kAraNa maLatAM adhikAra-sUbApade-rahIne rAjyAdhikAra calAvyo heya svataMtra banI javAne taiyAra thaI beThA hatA. tevAmAM ane rAjA naMdivardhananA aMtakALe ja magadha tarapha ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM rAjA mahApAnuM prayANa karavuM paDayuM hoya te, putrone janma dakSiNa maraNa nIpajyuM ane manamAnatA saMjoge temane maLI hiMdamAM temanA mosALamAM ja thayo hovAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. gayA. AgaLanA pRSTha jaNAvI gayA pramANe, - pu. 1 mAM sAbita karAyuM che ke, magadhapati naMda rAjA naMdabIjAne naveka putro hatA temAM sauthI moTA pahelAnuM rAjya samasta bhAratavarSamAM tapavA pAmyuM be-zrImukha ane kRSNa-tathA sauthI nAne eka (je hatuM ane tethI ja itihAsa- navamA naMda urphe mahAnaMda tarIke magadhapati banavA pAmyo rAjakIya paristhiti kAroe tenuM nAma, vardhana- che te) maLI traNa kuMvaro zukrANI peTe, ane vaccenA ane AMdhra vadhAranAruM evo zabda joDIne cha kuMvara kSatriyANI peTe janmyA hatA. te samayanA rAjyanI sthApanA naMdivardhana-naMdavardhana pADayuM che. niyama pramANe dvANI jAyA kuMvarane gAdI suprata tenI gAdIe AvanAra teno karavAnuM vidhAna nahi hovAthI, moTA hovA chatAM putra, nada bIjAe u mahApu paNa magadha sAmrA- prathamanA be yuvAne hakka DUbADI daIne. kSatriyajyanI, tene te sthiti thoDAka apavAda sivAya lagabhaga jAyAone gAdIe besADavAmAM AvyA hatA. A jALavI rAkhI hatI; je apavAda banavA pAmyo hato rithatine lIdhe, rAjyamAM hohA vadhI gayo hato temaja te A pramANe hato. naMdivardhananA uttarakALe, hiMdanA ghaNI avyavasthA thaI paDI hatI. A takane lAbha pUrva kinAre Avela kaliMga upara tenA rAjakartA cedi laI pelA saradAre je pazcima kinArA upara kevaLa vaMzanA eka avazeSe-kSemarAje-pitAnA vaMzanI punaH magadhapatinA sUbAnI hakumata tarIke ja, hakumata calAvI sthApanA karI hatI. teNe dhIme dhIme pitAnI sattA rahyA hatA teo svataMtra banI gayA tathA teoe pitamajabUta banAvI hatI eTaluM ja nahi, paNuM tenI pitAnA rAjavaMza sthApI dIdhA. eTale rAjA mahApAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra vRddhirAje, pitAnA pAnA maraNa pachI thoDA samayamAM ja kema jANe yuvarAja bhikharAjanI saradArI nIce lazkara mokalI Akhe ya dakSiNahiMda magadha sAmrAjyamAMthI khasI kaligadezanI dakSiNe Avela, pUrva hiMdane sarva dariyA gayo hoya tevI sthiti ubhI thavA pAmI hatI. mAtra kinAre kabaje karI lIdho hate. matalaba ke AkhA ye uttarahiMda ja kharI rIte magadhanI saMpUrNa ANumAM dakSiNahiMdane pUrva kinAro cedivaMzanI sattAmAM cAlyo hato. jo ke tyAM paNa khaLabhaLATe dekhA to dIdho ja gayA hatA, jyAre pazcima kinArA upara magadhapatinI hato. paraMtu rAjakarmacArIonA majabUta hAtha ane ANa pravartI rahI hatI. A sthiti nIpajAvavAmAM rAjya calAvavAnI dUraMdezIthI badhuM ThIka ThIka jaLavAI rAjA mahAnaMdanI nirbaLatA karatAM, zAMticAhaka mane- rahyuM hatuM. A pramANe uttara ane dakSiNahiMdamAM

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saptama pariccheda ] rAjakIya paristhiti ane AMdhrarAjyanI sthApanA [ 141 rAjakIya vAtAvaraNa jAmI paDayuM hatuM. sthiti haju prApta karI zakyo nahato. eTale vicAra - have jyAre kaMvara zrImukha ane kRSNanA hakka upara karyo ke, potAnA mosALa evA dakSiNa mahArASTranA tarApa paDI tyAre temane mana paNa magadhamAM rahevuM kenerA jalA sudhI 10 pahoMcI jaI tyAMnA cuTukAnaMdaapamAnajanaka lAgyuM hatuM. paraMtu uttarahiMdamAM te mULAnaMda vagerenI kumaka ane sahAnubhUti meLavI laIne magadhanI sattAno koraDo vAgI rahela hovAthI, potAnI pachI AgaLa vadhavuM te ThIka che, pote atyAre jyAM kAMI kArIgIrI phAve tema nathI evuM vicArI, temaNe varADa prAMtamAM AvIne ubho che tyAMthI pUrva tarapha dakSiNahiMda tarapha utaravA dhAryuM. temAM bevaDI murAda prayANa karIne, varSabharamAM ja tAjetaramAM kaliMgapati hatI. eka e ke, dakSiNamAM magadhanI sattA sAme banI beThela rAjA bhikhurAja upara hallo laI jaI khaLabhaLATa je jAgyo hato teno lAbha uThAvAya ane tene harAvIne pote sarva sattAdhIza dakSiNApathapati bIjI e ke pitRpakSathI duHkhiyAruM baneluM mANasa banI besavuM te ThIka. bhikhurAje atyAre 27mAM saMkaTa samaye AzvAsana meLavavA jema mAtRpakSanA varSamAM praveza karyo hato, jyAre pite tenA karatAM Azraye javA utkaMThA dharAve che, tema potAnA mosALamAM pAMca sAta varSe meTo paNa hatA. bIjI bAju paNa javAya tathA tyAM jaI temanI madada meLavI bhikhurAje, yuvarAja tarIke mAtra daza varSanI ane pitAno rAjakIya hetu siddha karI zakAya. A pramANenA rAjakartA tarIke kevaLa savA varSanI ja-maLIne ekaMdare bevaDA AzayathI temaNe dakSiNane mArga lIdho hato. bAreka varSanI ja rAjya calAvavAnI-tAlIma lIdhI dhanA rAjasattAdhIzoe kAMIka madada paNa karI hatI tyAre pite magadhapatinA yuvarAja tarIke keTalAMya ApyAnuM kahI zakAya. kAraNa ke jo magadhamAM ja teo vadhAre varSanI tAlIma lIdhI hatI. uparAMta kaliMga rahe te niraMtara muzkelIo ubhI karyA kare ne TharI ThAma karatAM anekagaNuM samRddhivAna ane mahatvanI dRSTie besavAno vAro na AvavA de. dakSiNamAM utaravAne be ucca gaNAtA magadha sAmrAjyanA aMgata purUSa tarIke mArga kahevAya. cheka pUrvamAMthI utarI. kaliMgane vIMdhIne rAjakhaTapaTa ane paTutA-kauzayamAMthI soMsarA pAra avAya paNa tyAM te rAjA bhikhurAja urphe khAravelane utaravAne jAti anubhava lIdhuM hatuM. jethI pote sAmano karavo paDe tema hatuM. jyAM pitAne paga mUkavAne dareka rIte bhikhurAja karatAM sarasAI bhogave che eTale paNa sAMsAM hoya (kemake temAM te tene magadhanI bhUmi tene jItI levAnuM bahu kaThina kArya nathI. A vicAra uparathI ja sAmano karavo paDe) tyAM sAmano karAya AvatAM, te mArga prathama grahaNa karavA tatpara banyo zI rIte ? eTale zrImukhe te mArga mUkI daI, buMdelakhaMDa- ne pitAthI jeTaluM baLa ekaThuM thaI zake teTaluM ekatrita revAnI hadanA raste, madhyaprAMtamAMthI soMsaravA utarI karI, kaliMganI pazcima bAjuethI humale zarU karyo. varADa prAMtamAM thaIne mahArASTramAM javAno mArga lIdho. prathama to rAjA khAravele A humalAnI bahu darakAra na vacce AvatI thoDI ghaNI pRthvIne mAlika paNa banyA.9 karI. paraMtu jyAre mAluma paDayuM ke temAM pite moTI paraMtu rAjyanI sthApanA karI, bhUpati banavA mATe bhUla khAdhI che eTale teNe paNa evI jabarajasta taiyArI rAjyagAdInuM nirmANa karI sattA jamAvavA jevI karI ane pote ja lazkaranI saradArI laIne e (8) jue pu. ramAM pU. 102- upara sikrAcitra ne. 49-5ranAM varNana. (9) AgaLa upara hakIkta juo. (10) juo tRtIya paricchede tathA pu. 2-5. 110 TI. baM, 130 (11) bhikhurAja . sa. pU. 4ra9ma. saM. 98mAM gAdie beThe tyAre pacIsa varSano hato (juo hAthIguphAna zilAlekha-pu. 4mAM tenuM jIvanavRttAMta) ane A banAva ma.. saM. 100 = I. sa. pU.4ra7mAM, eTale tenA rAjyanA bIjA varSe baje che tethI 25+2=27 varSanI tenI uMmara lakhI che

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--- ------ 3 1 - - - - - - - - - rAjya sthApanA pachI ' [ ekAdazama khaMDa chApA mAryuM ke zrImukhane pAchA haThI javuM paDayuM tathA hatI tethI tenuM lehI keTaleka aMze ukaLI paNa AvyuM nAsatA zrImukhanI pUTha pakaDI ane rastAmAM AvatuM hatuM, jethI eka yuvAnanI peThe kAma karavAne utsAhI sarva pradeza bALI nAMkhyo (juo hAthIguphAne zilA- rahyA karato hato chatAM, prathama kavale makSikA jevuM, lekha). chevaTe zrImukhe lAcAra banI, pazcima ghATamAM TheTha khAravelanI sAthenA yuddhamAM anubhavavuM paDayuM hevAthI, godAvarI nadInA taTa pradeze AvelA nAsika pAsenI hamezAM bahu vicArIne AgaLa dhapavAne guNa keLavI bhUmine Azraya lIdhe. eTale vizeSa pUMTha pakaDavI zakayo hato. tethI tenA jIvanamAM jyAM ne tyAM nirarthaka lekhI, potAnuM mAMDaLikapaNuM svIkAravI (2) savArI laI jaI AkramaNa karyAnA prasaMge bhikhurAja svadeza pAcho pharyo. zrImukhe A vibhAgamAM ubhA thaela najare paDatA nathI. jo ke te AvelA paThane 2 ke jurane surakSita jANI-banAvIne potAne hamezAM "vilavayapura" nA upanAmathI ja tyAM potAnI rAjagAdI sthApI. A pramANe AMdhra saMbodhate dekhAya che eTale anumAna karavuM rahe che ke rAjyanI sthApanA ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. 427 mAM teNe pitAnA rAjya amalanA bAkInA sarva samayamAMnAsika jIllAmAM thaI. A samaye samasta bharata- tere varSamAM-kayAM ya hAra khAdhI nahi hoya athavA te khaMDamAM akeMdrita rAjya-gaNarAjyanI pRthA cAlatI gajA uparAMtanuM pagaluM bharI nAzI vahorI lIdhI hevAthIAMdharAjyane samAveza kaliMgasAmrAjyamAM nahi hoya. bahabahu te nAnI nAnI caDAI karI, gaNI zakAya nahi. paraMtu kaliMgapatie AMdhrapatine rAjya vistAramAM saMgIna umere ja karyA karyo haze. cikarata ApelI hevAthI, te tene khaDiyo gaNI pUrva taraphanA kaliMga prAMta upara rAjA khAravela jIvato zakAya ane teTale darajaje zrImukhane AMdhrabhatya4 jAgate beThA hatA eTale te bAjune te vicAra tarIke lekha rahe che. paNa kaho nahi hoya. bAkI saMbhava che ke, dakSiNamAM jema rAjadvArI zetruMjanI aneka ramata ramI te pitAnA mazALa evA kolhApuranI sarahada sudhI prAMta rIDhorama thaI gayo hato tema jIvananI aneka lIlI sUkI kabaje karI, tyAM sudhI Adhipatya meLavyuM hoya, temaja joI lIdhela hovAthI mahatvakAMkSA uttaramAM je varADa prAMta ane madhyaprAMtamAMthI pite mArga rAjya sthApanA upara saMyama rAkhatA paNa zIkhyo kADhI rahyo hato, te bhUmipaNu pitAnI sattAmAM lAvI hatA. eTale pite gAdI upara zakyo hoya; jo ke tema banyAnA koI saMgIna pUrAvA Avyo tyAre jo ke uchaLatA maLatA nathI balake te pradeza tenA putra-gautamIputra lehIne-gaDhApacIsInI umarano te nahote ja, chatAM yajJazrInA samaye AMdha sAmrAjyamAM umerAya heya e ekadama zAMta paDI gayela lehIne paNa nahe. vaLI vizeSa saMbhavita dekhAya che. eTale sarva paristhiti je saMyogomAM tene pitRbhUmine tyAga karavo paDayo jotAM ane tenA sikkA je pradezamAMthI maLI AvyA (12) A rAjagAdInuM sthAna, nAsikanI pUrve AveluM azvamegha thavA mAMDayA tyArathI eTale ma. saM. 345 pachIthI ja Pyton=peTana (vidvAnee A sthAna gaNAvyuM che) kahevAya gaNI zakAze. kenAsikanI pazcime AveluM PaintpeMTa kahevAya te vizenI (14) sarakhA uparanI TI. naM. 13 (je upasthI mAluma samajUti mATe caturtha paricade juo. junnaranI hakIkata paNa paDaze ke ma. saM. 345 sudhI zRMgabhUtya zabda paNa vaparAzamAM tyAMthI ja joI levI. hata) tathA pu. ramAM pR. 114 TI. naM.145; tathA khulAsA " (13) A samaya ma. saM. 100no che jyAre gaNa mATe pu. 1, pR. 154, TI. naM. 13 ane pR. 390 TI. naM. rAjyanI pRthA nAbuda karavAnAM prathama pagalAM bharanAra, caMdragupta 47 jue. mauryane pradhAna cANakya che; jene samaya A pachI 50-60 (15) A zabdanA artha mATe pu.2.pU. 106-8mAM sikkA paNa che. A prathAne sadaMtara nAza te iMgavaMzI amale naM. 5thI 58 sudhInA varNana ane tene lagatI TIkAo vAMca,

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saptama paricheda ] kula jAti ane vaMza vize vadhu prakAza ( 143 che tene anusarIne vicArI jotAM, tenA rAjyanI prajAvAcaka che tene jAti sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. tyAre sImA bahuM ja chUTathI AMkIe toye, uttare muMbaI prazna thAya che ke A prajA kaI jAtinI hatI. ApaNe ilAkAmAM navasArI jIlle, dakSiNe tuMgabhadrAno kAMThe, pu. 1 mAM zizunAgavaMzanI hakIkata lakhatAM jaNAvI pazcime arabI samudra ane pUrvamAM pazcimane ghATa- gayA chIe ke teo saMghIjI-jI nAme eka kSatriya saMvAdri parvata oLaMgIne tenI aMDeeDa 40-50 samuhanI je aDhAra jeTalI licchavI, malla, zokaya mAIlano lAMbI paTIe Avele pradeza-ATalI ja kadaMba, pAMDayA, collA, mairya, palava I. I. zAkhAo sImA gaNI zakAya. hatI temAMnI male nAme jAtinA kSatriya hatA. AgalA paricchedamAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, A eTale ke zizunAga pite tathA tenA vaMzaja, rAjA rAjAo AMdhra jAtinA hatA; ane AMdhra te prajAnuM biMbisAra-zreNika Adi sarve, malla jAtinA kSatriya nAma che jyAre tenA vaMzanuM nAma kahI zakAya. vaLI zizunAga vaMza ane naMda vaMza baMne eka kula, jAti ane zatavahana hatuM. vaLI zatavahanane ja jAtinA kSatriyo hatA. paraMtu, ekano-zizunAgane - vaMza vize vadhu prakAza anusarIne, teone zAMta rAjA vaMzavela temaja janasaMkhyA bahoLI hovAthI tene meTA paNa kahevAmAM Ave che temaja nAgavaMza kahevAto, jyAre nadano vaMzavela ane janateo pitAne zAtakaNi tarIke oLakhAve paNa che. saMkhyA pahelAnA pramANamAM nAnI hovAthI tene nAno A zabda kAMIka vizeSa vivecana mAMgI le che. nAgavaMza paNa kahevAya che. matalaba ke baMne vaMzanA AMdhra zabdane, jAti ane prajA ema be bhinna rAjAo-zizunAgavaMzI ane naMdazI-malajAtinA arthavALA nAmo lAgavAthI kAMIka gerasamajutI thavA kSatriya che. vaLI rAjA zrImukhanI utpatti vagereno saMbhava che. ahIM prajA-jene aMgrejImAM Nation- itihAsa AlekhatAM (juo trIjA paricache) Class kahevAya che te arthamAM vaparAya che. jAti sAbIta karI gayA chIe ke te, magadhapati bIjA naMda eTale Caste (jJAti) ke Stock, (Akho varga- urphe mahApAno putra hatA. eTale rAjA zrImukhane tathA sama) evA arthamAM nathI vaparAyo. te nIce Apela tenA vaMzajone paNa naMdarAjAonI peThe malla jAtinA ja thoDAka vivecanathI spaSTa thaze. Nation zabdane kahI zakAze. pachI bhale nadavaMzI rAjAe zuddha kSatriya mukhya sthAna paratve saMbaMdha hoya che; bhale pachI te lohImAMthI uddabhavyA hoya ane zrImukha vagere mizra khaMDa, IlAke ke prAMtane anusarIne nAma apAyuM hoya; olAdanA pariNAmarUpe heya. paraMtu temane mala jemake khaMDane AzrIne European, Asiatic, jAtinA kahevAmAM jarAye saMkeca anubhavo paDe tema ilAkAnA AzrIne Bengalis, Madrasis, prAMtane nathIja. A ApaNA kathanane vaLI e uparathI samarthana AzrIne Gujaratis, Deccanis; I. I. zabda maLe che ke rAjA zrImukhanI bIjI peDhIe thanAra vaparAya che, chatAM turata ja samajI zakAya che ke tevAM nAmane eTale ke tenA putranA putrane-pautrane, AMdhrapatinI vaMzAtenI aMdaranA nAnA vADA sAthe, samuha sAthe (jevAke, vaLImAM cothA naMbaranA rAjAne-(juo dvitIya pariccheda brAhmaNa ke kSatriya; hiMdu, zIkha ke musalamIna I.) pR. 26) purANakArae vasatazrI, malizrI zAtasaMbaMdha heta nathI; eTale ke jAti zabda te, eka karaNi tarIke oLakhAvyo che. have samajAze ke prajAnA (Nation) nAnA nAnA samuha (game te kAraNe zAmATe A rAjAo potAnA nAma sAthe malla tevA samuhane goThavavAmAM AvyA hoya te judI ja athavA malika zabda joDavAne vAjabI hatA. AkhI vastu che) vAcaka che. matalaba ke prajA (Nation) bahu carcAne sAra e thayo ke, AMdhra nAmanI prajAnA vizALa svarupasUcaka che. jyAre jAti tenI piTAmAM aneka samuhe-ekamomAne male jAtino paNuM samAI jatA zabda che. have samajAze ke AMdha zabda eka ekama hatuM. eTale ke rAjA zrImukhanA vaMzane

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144 ] tene vaMza ane dharma [ ekAdazama khaMDa ApaNe AMdhraprajAnA malajAtinA kSatriya (bhale mizra joDavAmAM AvyuM che, temAM kAMIka khAsa viziSTa ja olAdanA) tarIke oLakhAvo rahe che. samAyelI hovAnuM anumAna thAya che. bIjI bAju jAtinA vivecana pachI have kula zabdane lagatuM samayAvalInA AdhAre ema puravAra thayuM che ke te vivecana paNa karIzuM. kaLo pravAha hamezAM zukra-vIryane sene AMkaDo bIjA keI saMvatane nathI paNa A anusarIne ja lekhAya che. eTale te niyama pramANe, yuganA jainadharmapracAraka aMtima tIrthakara zrImahApUrvajonuM je kuLa heya, teja saMtationuM lekhanuM rahe che. vIranA mokSatIthinA saMsmaraNamAM sthapAyela saMvatsarane ane teTalA mATe rAjA zizunAganuM, rAjA zreNikanuM che. te prazna e thAya che ke A zatavaMzI rAjAone rAjA naMdanuM temaja rAjA zrImukhanuM-sarvanuM eka ja kuLa zrI mahAvIra sAthe zo saMbaMdha hatA ke teo tenA kahI zakAya. temAM rAjA zreNikane ApaNe vAhIkakuLamAM saMvatsarane mAnya rAkhe tathA tenI sAthe potAnA vaMzanuM utpanna thayele jaNAvyo che (juo pu. 1, pR. 275, nAma joDavAmAM pitAne ja bhAgyazALI samaje. teno TI. naM. 47 ) eTale uparanA niyamane anusarIne A javAba sIdhe ane sAdo e che ke, teo zrI mahAvIranA sarva rAjAone "vAhIkakaLamAM" janmelA kahevAne kAMI anuyAyI hatA eTale ke teo jainadharma pALatA hatA. pratibaMdha naDatA nathI. jethI sAbita thayuM ke rAjA vaLI A bAbatane TekArUpa, sikkAonI sAkSIo zrImukhanuM "vAhIkakuLa" gaNavuM joIe. paNa che. rAjA zrImukhanA pUrva ja evA zizunAga jAti ane kuLa vizenI samajUti ApyA pachI vaMzI temaja naMdavaMzI rAjAone dharma paNa jainadharma vaMzane lagatuM vivecana karavuM joIe. paraMtu tenuM hatuM, te pu. 1 mAM temanAM varNana karatI vakhate anekaspaSTIkaraNa have pachInA pArigrAphamAM AvatuM hovAthI vidha purAvAthI ApaNe sAbita karI ApyuM che. tema A tyAMthI joI levA vinaMti che. rAjA zrImukha tathA tenAM vizajonA je sikkAvarNano * zata, zatavahana, ane zAtakaraNi I. zabda A pu. 2 mAM joDavAmAM AvyAM che te uparathI paNa vaMza sAthe joDavAnuM zuM mahAmya che te sarva vivecana vizeSa samarthana maLatuM rahe che, ke teo jainadharma ja prathama paricchede jaNAvavAmAM hatA. vaLI A vaMzanA keTalAya rAjAnA samayamAM je tene vaMza AvyuM che tathA prasaMgopAtta avAranavAra dharmanimitte dAna devAyAM che ane ane dharma anya ThekANe karelAM spaSTIkaraNathI jeno ullekha zilAlekhomAM temaNe karI batAvyo che che ke, A vaMzanI te paNa sAkSI pUre che ke, teo vaidika dharmo nahotA Adi so=100=zata "mAM thaI che. tethI tene rAtta paranta jainadharmAnayAyI hatA. uparAMta, AgaLa upara vaMzA kahevAmAM AvyuM che. tenA rAjAne purANakAranA 17 temanuM varNana karavAmAM Avaze evA ariSTakarNa ane kahevA pramANe zAta kahevAyA che.tathA te vaMzano pravAha- hAla zAtakaraNi jene-sAmAnya janatA rAjA zIla vahana sonI sAlamAM thayo hovA mATe tenuM bIjuM u zAlIvAhana tarIke oLakhAve che tevA rAjAoe nAma " zatavahana" vaMza paNa paDayuM che. te ughADI rIte jainadharmanA vidhAnamAM prarUpelAM dhArmika A vaMzanI Adi sAthe keI anya arthasUcita kAryo vagere paNa karelAM che. alabatta ema paNa nahi, paNa kevaLa tene samaya darzAvatuM vizeSaNa je banavA yogya che ke, chaso sAta varSa jeTalI A vaMzanI (16) keTalAka vidvAne temane brAhmaNa tarIke lekhe che (17) jue pu. 4. pR. 19 TI. naM. 10 tyAre keTalAka agrAhmaNa lekhAve che. A saMbaMdhI keTalIka (18) pu. 2mAM sikrAcitra naM. 56thI 84 sudhInAM carcA, kalakattAthI pragaTa thatA dhI IMDiyana kalcara nAmanA varNana tathA TIkAo vAMce. tramAsikamAM (pu. 1, aMka 1, sane 1938) ApI che. juo (19) A pustakamAM pAMcamA tathA chaThThA paricachede juo. tenuM vivecana ApaNe uparamAM 5, 55-58mAM karyuM che. (20) pu. 3, 5.51-5ra juo.

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[ 145 -- ---- -- -- - - - saMsama pariccheda ] tene vaza ane dharma 'sakhI haiyAtI daramiyAna tenAM saghaLA rAjeoe ekane bauddhadhama saMsthAone dAna dIdhAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te te ekaja dharma sarvadA anusaryo nahi hoya. ane te paNa bhAratavarSanA sarvapradezI rAjakartAo upara jenadharma evA kALe ke jyAre bhAratanI pRthvI upara aneka je prabhAva pADayo hato tenAthI atyArasudhInA lekhake jAtanAM parivartano vAraMvAra thayAM karatAM hatAM. bahudhA kevaLa ajANuM hovAthI, jaina zabdane badale eTale te samayanA bhAratavarSanA traNe-hiMdu, jaina ane jyAM ne tyAM temaNe bauddha zabda ja vAparye rAkhyo che bauddha-dharmoe pitapatAnA bhakati nIpajAvyA hoya; te vastusthiti vAraMvAra yAda AvyA kare che. vaLI chatAM pUrAvAnA AdhAre je hakIkata ApaNe AgaLa "zrImukha" ane "simukha' zabda ja evA che ke, te upara varNavavAnA chIe, tethI eTaluM ja phalitArtha jaina paribhASAnA zabdo tarIke 24 vaparAyA hovAnI thAya che ane jainadharma-te bee ja chApa pADe che. matalaba e thaI ke, zatavaMzI rAjAe pitAne kAbu te rAjAo upara meLavyo hato. pitAne, zatazrI ane vAdazatazrI jevA zata zabda sAthe eTale ala hisTarI opha InDiyAnA lekhake saMkaLAyelA koI paNa birUda ane upe "It is curious fact that although Andhra vAmAM je magarUrI lekhatA hatA temAM temane potAnI ins were officially Brahamanical dharmabhAvanA saMyukta thayelI dekhAtI hatI. vaLI ke. hiM. Hindus, most of their donations were I. nA lekhake pR. 571 upara "Their Satvahans made to the Buddhistic institutions= earlist coins bear the name of a king AzcaryakAraka che ke AMdhrapatie sattAvAra rIte Sata=temanA (zAtavAhananA) ekadama purANa bAhmaNadhama hiMduo hovA chatAM, temaNe ghaNAMkharAM sikkAomAM zAte nAmanA keIrAjAnuM nAma chetarAyeluM dAna te bauddhadharmI saMsthAone ja karelAM che" AvA che kharuM" AvA zabdo je lakhyA che tene marma paNa A vicAra ja jaNAvyA che te kAMika samIkSA mAgI le che. hakIkatamAM ja samAI jAya che. jo ke temaNe te kevaLa zreSamate haikhaka mahAzaye sarva AMdhrapatione brAhmaNa zAta zabda ne aMgeja ane kadAca eka rAjAne aMge ja dhamAM TharAvavAne pitAne je je pramANo maLyAM hatAM te vicAra darzAvyA lAge che, paraMtu vastusthiti ja e sarvane ke temAMnA thoDAMkano ullekha karyo hota te te hatI ke, Adi rAjAone pitAnA kuLadharma upara tapAsI jovAnI ApaNane anukuLatA maLata; chatAM vizeSa abhimAna hatuM ane te samayanI praNAlikA jyAre tema nathI je thayuM tyAre ApaNe hAla te eTaluM ja pramANe svadharma mATe marI phITavAne teo utsukatA paNa manya rAkhI zakIzuM ke, ApaNA maMtavyapramANe, dharAvatAM hatA. A sthiti khAsa karIne Adi ja rAjAe vaidika matAnuyAyI banyA hatA temanA rAjAoe pitA sAthe joDalA birUdemAM spaSTa rIte vizenA je purAvAo vagere, te lekhaka mahAzayanA taravarI Ave che. vAMcavI ke jANavAmAM AvyA hovA joIe tathA paraMtu, AgaLa jatAM jema jema rAjakrAMti ane dharmate uparathI ja sarvanI bAbatamAM te sthiti banI rahI krAMti thavA pAmI che tema tema te zata-ane zatavahana hevAnuM temaNe ka9pI lIdhuM hovuM joIe. bAkI temaNe je zabda vaparAza, sarvathA ke keTaleka aMze kamI thata (2) sarakhAvo pu. 1, pR. 4thI 6 sudhInuM varNana. khelI gAthAo. (22) juo vinseTa mithakRta trIjI AvRtti. pR. 210. "kAI aneruM jaga nahIM, e tIrtha tAle. (23) A kathananI aneka sAbitio mATe pu. 2mAM ema pramukha, hari AgaLa zrIsimaMdira3 bele." pR. 15 thI 132 sudhInuM varNane tapAsI jevuM. 1. pitAnA mee. 2. IMdra pAse. 3. mahAvideha tereja sarakhAvI jenAmAM gavAtA stavananI nIce Ale. kSetre birAjI rahela jainanA vidyamAna tIrthakara.

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146 ] jatA dekhAya che. ane tene ja maLatA rAtAni ke rAsiyAna jevA zabdo vaparAtA thavA mAMDayA che. A krAMtie mukhyapaNe e vakhata thavA pAmI che. tenuM varNana sAtamA ane trevIsamA rAjAnA vRttAMte karavAmAM Avaze. te uparathI ApaNe karelA uparanA kathananI satyAsatyatA vizenA khyAla vAcakane AvI jaze. kuTTuba parivAra [ ekAdazama khaDa che (juo pR. 137). eTale tenuM AyuSya 80 varSanuM gaNavuM paDaze. paraMtu rAjA zrImukhanuM AyuSya tA 45 varSanI AsapAsanuM ja pUravAra thayuM che (juo uparamAM pR. 112). rAjA zrImukhanA putra peAtAne gautamIputra yajJazrI jaNAve che eTale artha evA thayA ke rAjA zrImukha pAte gaiAtamIgAtranI kanyA paraNyA hatA. tema rANI nAganikAnA putra je pAchaLathI vAtazrI nAme ceAthe AMdhrapati thayeA che te peAtAne vAsiSThaputra jaNAve che eTale rANI nAganikA vasiSThIgAtranI kanyA Dare che, tema rAjA kRSNa ane zrImukha peAtAne (jIe temanA sikkAo) vAsiSThaputro tarIke oLakhAve che eTale temanI mAtA jo ke hatI pAradhijAtanI zudrANI, chatAM vAsiSThagAtrI hAvAthI, teNInuM gAtra teA uttama prakAranuM hAvAnuM ja samajavuM rahe che. A pramANe parageAtrI kanyA sAthe lagna saMbaMdha joDAtA heAvAthI, vAsiSThaputra hAya te gItamagAtranI kanyA paraNatA, ane gautamIputra hoya te vAsiSTageAtrI kanyA sAthe lagna karatA ema sAbita thAya che; jethI AkhAye vaMzamAM aneka gaitamIputro ane vAsiSThaputro heAvA chatAM temane anukrama ane sagapaNasaMbaMdha zodhI kADhavAmAM ApaNane je keTalIka saraLatA thaI paDe che tenuM A dRSTAMta samajavuM. vaLI eka rAjA je zUdra kanyA sAthe lagna karatA te kuTuMba parivAra uparamAM eka pAriAphe tenAM sagAMvahAlAMnuM varNana karatAM, tenAM mAtapitA bhAIe vagerenI hakIkata jaNAvI che. parantu tenA putra ke pautrAdinI hakIkatane jarA jeTalA paNa sparza karAyA nathI. te atre karavA vicAra rAkhyA che. caturtha paricchede varNavelA rANI nAgAnikAnA zilAlekha naM. 1thI spaSTa thAya che ke, rAjA zrImukhane eka putra hatA. tenuM lagna aMgiya phulavana kAi mahArathInI putrI nAganikA vere thayuM hatuM ane tenAthI be putro--vadazrI tathA hukuzrI nAme thayA hatA tathA zilAlekha naM. rathI samajAya che ke, rAjA zrImukhane kRSNa nAme eka nAnA bhAi hatA. rANI nAganikAnA pati-rAjA zrImukhanA putranuM nAma zuM haze te kayAMya spaSTapaNe jaNAvAyuM nathI paraMtu tenA sikkA uparathI ApaNe jANI zakIe chIe ke tenuM nAma yajJazrI gautamIputra hAvuM joie (jIe tenA vRttAMte). A yajJazrI gautamIputra ma. sa. 143= I. sa. pU. 384mAM maraNa pAmyA (jIe paricchedajAtibheda paratve naheAtA; jemake . ApaNe upara joi gayA pramANe zrImukhanI mAtA hatI zabda, paraMtu tenuM mahiyara te ucca geAtrI ja hatuM. eTale puravAra thAya che ke, te vakhate je varNAzrama pADavAmAM AvyA hatA te janmane lAdhe naheAtA, paraMtu jIvananirvAhanA Avazyaka dhaMdhAone lIdhe paDAyA hatA, jethI game te gAtrIe hAya te game te dhaMdhAmAM paDI zakatA. lagna prasaMge je jovuM rahetuM te mAtra geAtra karyuM che te ja, nahi ke varNa kayA che te. zrImukhanI rANInuM nAma, ThAma, ke te AnI putrau hatI che. kAMI jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. te gautamagAtra kuTuMbanI kanyA hatI eTaluM ja hAla teA mAluma paDayuM che. atyAra sudhInI mAnyatA pramANe hAthINuMkAnA khIjo-vaMzavRkSa) tyAre tenA banne putro anukrame ADaM ane cha varSanA haivAnuM jaNAvyuM che; jethI bALa putranI vatI, vidhavA rANI nAganikAe rAjalagAma hAtha dharI hatI. A hisAbe gautamIputranA jyeSTha putranA janma ma. saM. 135i. sa. pU. 392 ane nAnAnA janma ma. saM. 137=4. sa. pU. 390 gaNI zakAya. rANI nAganikA pAsethI, rAjA zrImukhanA bhAi kRSNe athavA rANI nAganikAnA kAkAsasarAe game te kAraNe rAjapATa paDAvI lai pAte gAdI pacAvI pADI hatI. ane dazeka varSa rAjya karI ma. sa. 153-4 I. sa. pU. 373mAM maraNa pAmyA hatA. jyAre ApaNe tene janma ma, sa. 73=I. sa. pU. 454 kalpI lIdhA

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sasama paricheda ] samakAlIna kaNa kaNa? [ 147 zilAlekhanA AdhAre zuMgavaMzanA puSyamitranuM nAma thayela samaya atre nIce utArIzuM. - bRhaspatimitra gaNI laI, tene (1) magadhapati bRhaspatimitra; I. sa. pU. 417-415 samakAlIna keNa harAvanAra rAjA khAravelane, =2 varSa (pu. 1. pR. 393) keNu? samakAlIna lekhAvyo che. ane (2) kaliMgapati khAravela; I. sa. pU. 429-393 bIjI bAju, rAjA khAravele =36 varSa (pu. 4. pR. 375) zrImukhane paNa harAvela hovAthI tene tene samakAlIna (3) zuMgavaMzI puSyamitra; I. sa. pU. 226-188 gaNAvyo che. chevaTe bhUmitinA niyame, khAravela, =38 varSa (pu. 2. pR. pu. 404) puSyamitra urphe bRhaspatimitra ane zrImukha-te traNene (4) AMdhrapati zrImukha; I. sa. pU. 42-414 samakAlIna TharAvI, traNamAMnA puSyamitrane samaya I =13 varSa (A pustake pR. 39) sa. pU. 188 je kAMika vizeSa ekasAI bharela 25 (2) gautamIputra yajJazrI athavA yajJazrI mAlama paDela hovAthI, te traNene samaya I. sa. pU. nI gautamIputra bIjI sadIne jAhera karyo che. AmAMnA khAravela ane mi. pAjiTaranI gaNatrI mujaba rAjA zrImukhanI puSyamitranA jIvanavRttAMte lakhAI gayA che. tyAM gAdIe tene bhAI kRSNa beThA che. paraMtu upara sAbita karI batAvyuM che ke prathama te temanI bhUmikA | pR. 33 mAM sAbita karI gayA rUpe puSyamitrane je magadhapati bahaspatimitra tarIke kuTuMba parivAra mujaba taratamAM te zrImukha TharAvyo che te ja bhUlabhareluM che. ane jeno pAyo ja ane umara pachI tene putra ja gAdIe khAmIvALo tenA upara caNAyelA anumAnarUpI ImA Avyo che. eTale ApaNe naM. ratamAM khAmI na hoya te te azakya ja che. eTale 2 nA rAjA tarIke zrImukhanA putrane lekhavyo che. vaLI pachI A rAjAonA samasamIpaNe hovAnI AkhI ye upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe tenuM nAma yajJathI gautamIka95nA paDI bhAMgI che; bAkI bahaspatimitra ane putra ane tenI rANInuM nAma nAganikA hatuM. khAravela te samakAlIna kharA, paraMtu temanA kALa saMbhava che ke tene anya rANI paNa haze (juo sAthe ke jIvana sAthe puSyamitrane leza paNa A pArigrAphe AgaLa upara) tathA jyAre tenuM maraNa saMbaMdha ja nahe. thayuM tyAre tene eka ATha varSane ane bIjo che. te ja pramANe pu. 1 mAM jyAre dhanakaTakanuM varNana varSane maLIne be putro hatA. ATaluM tenA parivAra karavAmAM AvyuM che tyAre, kevI rIte mArI macaDIne vize jaNAvI tenI uMmara bAbatanI carcA karIzuM. vAkyanA anarya upajAvI kADhI, puSyamitrane rAjA SaSTama paricchedezilAlekha ne. 20 mAM jaNAvAyuM zrImukhane samasamayI batAvavAmAM Ave che tene lagato che te pramANe, jyAre te gAdIe beTho hato tyAre kAMIka isAro karyo paNa che; ne ema paNa kahI devAmAM tenI uMmara 20 thI 25 varSanI hatI. ane 31 AvyuM che ke, vizeSa hakIkata zrImukhanA varNane ApIzuM. varSanuM rAjya bhagavyuM che te hisAbe tenuM AyuSya have badhIye vyaktionA samaya jyAre nakkI thaI lagabhaga 50 thI 55 varSanuM kalpI zakAya che. eTale cakyA che tyAre saheje samajI zakAya tevuM che ke, koNa te gaNatrIe tenuM maraNa ma. sa. 143 keno samakAlIna hoI zake. karIne pAchI gerasamajAti 384 thayAnuM ane tene janma ma. sa. 93=I. sa. thavA na pAme, te sArU te cAre rAjakartAone nizcita pU. 434 nI AsapAsa thayAnuM ka95vuM rahe che. jyAre (25) "vizeSa cokasAIbharela" zabda eTalA mATe lakho anya traNanA samaya je kapI lIdhA che tenI sarakhAmaNImAM, paDyo che ke, te samaya paNa tana satya te nathI ja, paraMtu mukhyamitrane samaya kAMIka vadhAre pramANu che khare,

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148 ] bIjI khAju tenA be putronA janmanI sAla anukrame ApaNe i. sa. pU. 392 ane 390 (jIe pu. 146) mAM TharAvI che. eTale tenA artha e thayeA ke, jyeSTha putra janmyA tyAre tenI uMmara 42 varSanI AsapAsa hatI. A hakIkata ja ApaNane nIce jaNAvyA pramANenA aneka prazno vicAravA dhasaDI laI jAya che. (1) zuM 42 varSanI uMmare ja tene putra prApti thaI hatI; ke anya krUrajaMdo thayA hatA paNa maraNu pAmyA hatA; ke sAmAnya gaNAtI yuvAnavaye ja tene jyeSTha putra lAbhyA hatA. parantu maraNa samaye peAtAnI uMmara 50 varSa karatAM ghaNI nAnI hatI (2) zuM tenA jyeSTha putranI janetA, rANI nAganikA sivAya anya rANI na hatI? athavA hatI te temAMnI kAIne peTe putraratna janmyuM ja naheAtuM ke, putro janmIne maraNa pAmI gayA hatA? ke rANI nAganikA khudane paNu, agAu putro teA janmyA hatA parantu te sadgata thai gayA hatA (3) rANI nAganikAnA jyeSTha putra te prathama ja putra jo hAya tA zuM teNInA lagna thayA bAda ghaNA varSe tenA janma thayA hatA ema gaNavuM, ke sAmAnya gaNunA mujaba pukhta yuvAna vaye teNIne putra prasabhyA hatA paNa teNInuM lagna ja rAjA yajJazrI sAthe, mATI vaye thavA pAmyuM hatuM-eTale ke rAjA yajJazrInI aneka rANImAMnI te eka hatI. A prakAranA ane tene lagatA, temaja tenI rANI ke rANIo ane putrone lagatA aneka prazno upasthita karI zakAya tevA che. parantu te kALe aneka rANIo karavAnA rivAja cAlatA hatA te jotAM, ane jeTalAM pharajaMde janme te sadA jIvatAM ja rahevAM jeie evA kAMi niyama gaNAtA nathI te hakIkata mahArathInI oLakha (26) kevaLa AMdhra sAmrAjyamAM ja A prakAranA amaladAro hatA ema nathI. AgaLa uparanA varNanathI samajAze ke, AvuM te dareka rAjyamAM khanatuM AvyuM che. paraMtu eTaluM cAkkasa che ke, te upara khAsa vizvAsu ane rAjakuTuMba sAthe sakha'dha dharAvatI vyaktione ja mukhyapaNe nImavAmAM AvatI. (27) cuTukAnaMda ane mULAnaMdanA sikkAe A jAtanI [ ekAdazama khaDa khyAlamAM rAkhatAM, temaja te vakhate gAdIe. AvanAra bhUpatinI uMmara paNa kamamAMkama 13-15nI tA rakhAtI ja hatI te jotAM, temaja yajJazrInA pitA rAjA zrImukhanI uMmara maraNu, samaye lagabhaga 45 varSanI hatI te jotAM, e ja anumAna upara AvavuM paDe che ke, rAjA yajJazrI gAdIe AvyA tyAre, tenI uMmara 20 thI 25nI hAvI joie, tene nAganikA sivAya anya rANIe paNa hovI joIe; ane rANI nAganikA sAthenuM lagna, pAte gAdIe kheThA pachI, lAMbhAkALe thayuM hAvuM joI e. upara nirdiSTa karyA pramANe jo rANI nAganikA sAthenuM lagna lAMkhAkALe thayuM che teA prazna e udbhave che ke tema thavAnuM kAraNa zuM ? A mATe nIcenA pArAmAM jue. paMcama paricchede nAnAdhATavALA zilAlekha naM. 1 mAM jaNAvI gayA pramANe rANI nAganiphA, aMgadezanA kAI mahArathInI putrI mahArathInI oLakha thatI hatI. jethI aa. AM. 2. nA lekhake pR. 21, pAri. 27 mAM lakhyuM che ke, "Maharathies and Mahabhojakes were evidently high officers of the state, probably viceroys in the Andhra em* pire. They are often intimately connected by family ties with the ruling sovereign=mahArathIo ane mahAbhAjakAjha dekhItI rIte AMtrasAmrAjyanAra6 mATA hACAdArIe temAM ye vAisarAya jevI padavI dharAvatA hatA." vaLI rAjA zreNikanA vRttAMte jaNAvI gayA chIe ke tenI teAkarImAM A sAkSI rUpa gaNavA ke, A raeN.nA lekhakane je TIkA karavI paDI che (jIe pAra. 140) ke Ujjain symbols are only found on coins of Satvahan family but not on those of Chutu dynasty=ujjainanA sAMke tika cinhA kevaLa zatalahanavazI sikkAo upara ja rRkhAya che, nahi ke cuvaMzanA sikkAo upara (lekha, mahAzayane

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samama, pariccheda ] rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara [ 149 keI nArAcika nAmanI vyakti hatI, (juo pu. 1, pR. eka ja bhUmi uparanA mahArathI birUda dhAraka sadAranA 258) temaja paM. cANakyanA samaye arthazAstranI kuTuMbamAM banavA pAmyA hovAnI zakyatA batAve che keTalIka khUbIonuM varNana karatAM (juo pu. 2. pR. ane tethI te satyaghaTanA tarIke ja ApaNe lakhavI 213) jaNAvAyuM che ke, te samaye lazkaranI caturvidha rahe che. jema agnimitre paNa svahaste mahArathI racanAmAM, pAyadaLa, hayadaLa, hastidaLa, temaja rathanA- parAjaya karI kanyA meLavI che tema yajJathI pote paNa daLane paNa samAveza thato hato. AvA rathadaLanA svabaLe ja te deza upara hakumata bhogavavA mahArathIne judAM judAM jutha upara nImavAmAM AvatA amaladArone harAvIne nAganikA sAthe lagnagraMthIthI je mAMnA keIkane "mahArathI 28 nAmathI oLakhavAmAM joIe. A sthitimAMthI apekSita khulAso maLI rahe AvatA hatA. A sarva hakIkatathI evA anumAna che ke, zAmATe nAganikA ane yajJazrInuM lagna pitAnA upara javuM paDe che ke, mahArathI nAma, kAMI eka ja rAjyAraMbha thayA pachI keTalAMya varSe thavA pAmyuM che vyaktinuM, eka vaMzanuM, eka kuLanuM, eka pradezanuM ke temaja A pradeza yajJazrIe pote ja29 svabaLe eka prAMtanuM nAma nathI paNa eka prakAranuM hoddAsUcaka jItI lIdho che. AkhA ye zatavahanavaMzano itihAsa.eTalo badhe aneka pradezamAM ane aneka samaye hoI zake che, jethI aMdhakAragrasta che ke temAMthI ekadama tana satyapUrNa temanI vizeSa oLakha karAvavA sArU mahArathI uparAMta hakIkata tAravI kADhavI. te ati sAmAnya rIte anya vizeSaNa jovAnI jarUriyAta rahe. rAjyavistAra muzkela ane gajA uparAMtanuM kArya atyAre ApaNe I. sa. pU. cothA saikAnI tathA ane rAjanagara che, chatAM yatna karavo te ApaNuM te samaye kahevAtA aMgadezanI-vartamAnakALe kahevAtA kAma che; ane prayatna karanArane madhyaprAMta ane varADanI tathA eka kALe vidarbhaprAMta paramAtmA sahAya kare che te uktinA jore ApaNe tarIke oLakhAtA pradezanI-vArtA karI rahyA chIe. AgaLa vadhIzuM. ne temAM rAjA yajJazrIe te pradezanA adhikArI upara saMzodhana kAryamAM hamezAM prathama te AnumAnika chata meLavI, tenI putrI sAthe lagna karyAnI hakIkata taja ubhAM karavAM rahe che, paraMtu anumAnAne cAre. che. A putrInuM nAma nAganikA jaNAvAyuM che. bAjuthI teLIjeI, kaTIe caDhAvavAmAM aneka tevI ja rIte, A samaya pachI deDhaeka varSanA gALA prakAranI uNapa ADI Ave che ane tethI tevA prayatna bAda, zRMgavaMzI agnimitre paNa Aja pradezanA keI karavA chatAM, pAkA nirNaya upara te AvI zakAtuM ja adhikArIne harAvI tenI putrI mAlavikA sAthe lagna nathI. Avo anubhava ApaNane sekaTisa eTale hyuM hovAnI binA ItihAsanA pRSTa upara noMdhAyelI caMdraguptane mAnI levAmAM ane azAka te ja priyadazinA che (pu. 7, pR. 92 tathA TI. naM. 32). A baMne prasaMganA ema TharAvavAmAM pUrNapaNe thayo hato, paraMtu jevI te samaya, pRthA tathA vijayamAM meLavelI kanyAonAM nAme uNapane eka bAju mUkI daIne, samayAvaLIne kahe vacce eTaluM badhuM sAmya dekhAya che ke, te banne banAvo ke gaNitazAstrathI AMkaDAo ubhA karIne-Azraya yuTavaMzIo svataMtra rAjA hovAno khyAla rahevAthI A (28) SaSama parike pR. 117 vRkSa-kaTho ApyA che te zabdo uccAryA che, bAkI to teo kevaLa meTA hodedAre sarakhAvo. hatA. jethI temane avaMti sAthe koI levAdevA ja nahatI), (29) pR. 70 upara prazna thaye che ke A pradeza prAMtika sattAdhizane potAnA prAMta jogA sikkA pADI levAnI zrImukhe jItela che ke yajJakIe tene khalAse ahIMthI sattA paNa pUrvakALa hatI tenA A purAvArUpa che, meLavI levAya che,

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150 ] rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara [ ekAdazama khaMDa lIdhe ke, ApaNane khare mArga jaDI Avyo ne ApaNe navamAnaMdanuM rAjya; 112-155=43 varSa karelI bhUlano pazcAttApa karavo paDayo. kahevAnI matalaba ) ane cedivaMzIomAM e che ke, jyAM viSama mArgamAMthI rasto kADhavAne heya che khAravelanuM rAjya; 98-134=36 varSa ane tyAM hajAro anumAna karatAM, je AMkaDArUpI tavArIkha vakagrIva (khAravelaputra)nuM 134-152=21 ane sAlavArInI madada levAmAM Ave che te pachI AvA varSa cAlyuM hatuM. purAvAnI saMkhyA bhale mAtra eka ke be ja hoya, topaNa rAjA yajJazrInA sikkAo madhyaprAMtanA bihAravALA tenA upara ApaNe nirbhaya rIte ubhA rahIne kAma cAMdA jIllAmAMthI temaja dakSiNa hiMdamAM godAvarI ane karI zakIe chIe. jyAre A anupama siddhAMta kRSNa nadIvALA prAMtamAMthI maLI Ave che. eTale ApaNI pAse paDayo che tyAre zAmATe hAtha dharela sahaja kapanA karI zakAya che ke, madhya prAMta, vaDakeyaDAna-yajJazrIe potAnA jIvanamAM meLavela vijayana- nIjhAmI rAjyanA AkhAye bhAga, uparAMta muMbaI IlAukela karavAmAM te siddhAMtano lAbha na uThAvo? ane kAne mahArASTrane kaTaleka bhAga, teNe potAnI sattAmAM sAbhAge ApaNI pAse tevA sAlavArInA AMkaDA ANyo hovo joIe. prazna e che ke, kayo bhAga majuda paNa che. kayAre ne kevA saMjogomAM teNe jItI lIdho haze. kayA prakAranA AMkaDA upayogI nIvaDavA saMbhava rAjA khAravelanA hAthIguphAnA lekhanI cothI che te cUMTI kADhavAmAM yajJazrInA rAjyanI AsapAsanI paktithI ( juo pu. 4, pR. 277) jANI cUkyA bhUmi upara, je je rAjakartAnI ANa phelAI rahI hatI chIe ke pitAnA rAjyakALanA bIjA varSe ( ma. saM. tenA jIvanane lagatA AMkaDA, sauthI prathama darajaje 98+2=100) rAjA zrImukhane teNe harAvyo hata; meLavI levA joie ke jene anusarIne, yajJazrInA tathA te ja lekhanI chaThThI paMktithI jaNAya che ke, jIvanabanAvane goThavI zakAya; tathA te banAvo kema khAravele sarva rASTrI ane bhejakane pitAnA banavA pAmyA haze tenI vicAraNuM ubhI karI temAMthI rAjyanA cothA varSe ma. saM. 102 mAM harAvyA hatA. sAra tAravI levAya. AvA rAjakartAomAM uttare, naMda A zabdothI be hakIkatanI pratIti thAya che. eka vazIo ane pUrvamAM cedivaMzIo che. pazcime te khuda te rASTIke ane bhejake te samaye AMdhrapatinA yajJazrInI sarahada ja ghATa ane samudra sudhI laMbAI hatI tAbe nahetA ja; temaja AMdhrAjha, rASTrikAjha eTale te bAbatano to vicAra ja karavo raheto nathI; ane bhejakAjha traNe svataMtra prajAo hatI. temAMnI jyAre dakSiNa taraphanI hada anizcita hovAthI, temaja te pAchalI be prajAnA prAMtone rAjA khAravele ma. uparano kAbu cedivaMzI rAjA khAravelo hato ema tenA saM. 102 mAM jItI lIdhA hatA. A rASTrane jIvanavRttAMtathI jANI cUkyA chIe. eTale te divaMzIne malaka mahArASTramAM ane bhojakone varADa jIllAmAM vicAra dakSiNa temaja pUrvadizAne aMge paNa karavAne (ke. hi. i. nA pR. 60 0mAM jaNAvyA pramANe) gaNAya karyo che; eTale cAre dizAnA praznano ukela lAvavAmAM che. eTale rASTrIne ane bhejakene ma. sa. 102 la saravALete naMdavaMza ane divaMza-kevaLa be bAda, jyAM sudhI rAjA yajJazrIe jItI lIdhA nahatA tyAM vaMzanI ja vicAraNA karavI raheze. ATalI prastAvanA sudhI, teo khAravelanA ke tenA vaMzajone tAbe hatA ema karyA bAda have saMgIna bhUmikA upara javAne pagalI siddha thayuM. temAM paNa rAjA khAravela te mahAparAkramI bharIzuM. rAjA hato ane teNe te yajJazrInA pitA zrImukhane " yAzrInuM rAjya ma. sa. 113-144=31 varSa harAvIne sakhta phaTake mAryo hato eTale yajJazrIe, vAyuM che eTale te samaye tenA samakAlina tarIke bhale pitAnA pitAne thayela apamAnane badale vALavA (1) naMdavaMzIomAM- IntajArI sevI ja heya, paraMtu khAravelanA jIvaMtakALa

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sasama pariccheda ] rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara [ 151 sudhI te pratye durlakSya sevyuM hevuM joIe ema sahaja paNa banavA gya che; ke yajJazrIe prathama, A nijhAmI kalpanA karavI rahe che. tyAre teNe A prAMte jItI lIdhA rAjyavALo bhAga jItI lIdhI hoya ane te bAda kayAre? bIjI bAju ApaNane kahevAmAM AvyuM che varADa prAMtavALo bhAga hoya. paraMtu je tema banavA ke, rAja yAzrIne rANI nAganikAnA peTe je jyeSThaputra pAme to rAjA khAravelanI jIvanta avasthAmAM tema jamyo hato te tenA maraNa samaye ATha varSano hato banyuM hovAnuM noMdhavuM paDe. jo ke te samaye khAravelanA eTale ke teno janma ma. sa. (143-8) 135 mAM rAjyakALanI astadazA hatI. jethI tema banavuM paNa thayo hate. have je rANI nAganikAne lagna pachI saMbhavita che. chatAM vadhAre saMbhava khAravelanA maraNa taratamAM ja garbha rahyo hoya (je vadhAre saMbhavita che. bAda ja A sarve banyuM hovAnuM ka95vuM te yogya lAge juo, pR. 148) te rAjA yajJazrI sAthenuM teNInuM che. eTale rAjA yajJazrInI dakSiNanI chatane samaya lagna vahelAmAM vaheluM ma. saM. 133-4 mAM thayuM hovuM e saM. 135=I. sa. pU. 392 ne TharAvIzuM. gaNAya. tema A hakIkata paNa siddha thayela che ke rAjA have joI zakayA chIe ke, pite ma. saM. 113 mAM khAravelanuM maraNa ma. sa. 134 mAM thayuM hatuM ane gAdIe beThA hatA ane pitAnA pitAnA rAjyano tenI gAdIe tene putra vikragrIva Avyo hato. A vAraso meLavyuM tyAre bahu nAnA pradezane rAjavI hatA. rAjA viSayavilAsI, svecachAcArI ane svairavihArI hato te bAda lagabhaga 20-21 varSe ma. saM. 133 thI 5 (jIo pu. 1. pR. 367 tathA pu. 2. mR. 198). eTale sudhImAM teNe rAjyane vistAra vaNe vadhArI dIdho hato banavA yogya che ke, rAjA yajJazrIe khAravelanA maraNa ane teTalA pradeza upara nava daza vadhu varSa rAjya bAda taratamAM ja ke, tenA rAjyakALanI AkharamAM calAvI ma. sa. 147-4=I. sa. pU. 384-3 mAM madhyaprAMta ane bihAra challo cedivaMzanI sattAmAMthI te maraNa pAmyo hato. eTale je, rAjA zrImukhane jItI lIdho hoya ane te chatyAnI eka nizAnI ApaNe prabhUtya gaNAvatA hoIe to, yAtrIne tarIke te prAMta upara hakamata bhogavatA mahArathInI paNa tenA rAjyakALanA 31 varSamAM prathamanA 20 putrI nAganikA sAthe lagna karyuM hoya. A pramANe varSa AMdhrabhAtya ane bAkInA daza varSa svataMtra AMdhasatyaghaTanA banI lAge che. tAtparya e thayo ke rAjA pati tarIke lekhAvo rahe che. yazrIe ma. saM. 133-4=I. sa. pU. 394-93 mAM rAjya vistArane viSaya nakkI karI lIdhA bAda A prAMta jItI lIdhA hatA tathA nAganikA sAthenuM have rAjanagaranA sthAnanI carcA karIzuM. tenA pitAnuM tenuM lagna paNa te samaye ja thayuM hatuM. rAjanagara paiTha hatuM te siddha karI cUkayA chIe. tenuM rAjA vakrIva pAsethI eka vakhata madhyaprAMta ane sthAna rAjyanA eka khUNe dekhAya che. kadAca nAnA varADa jevA pradeza jItI lIdhA pachI, dakSiNanA nijhAmI rAjyane te egya ane anukULa gaNI zakAya. paraMtu rAjyavALA bhAga jItI levAmAM yajJazrIne bahu khoraMbhe jyAre yajJazrIe rAjyano vistAra eTalo badhe vadhArI nAkhavA jevuM kAMI ja na lAge; kemake parAjIta thayela dIdhA che tyAre rAjanagarane, tene te ThekANe eka khUNAhamezAM lavAmAM DhIlo paDI jAya che ane eka vakhata mAM ja rahevA dIdhuM haze ke te pheravIne rAjyanA keI hatAza thayo ke tenA hRdaya upara tenI chApa sakhta madhyasthAne lAvavAmAM AvyuM haze, te prazna vicAraNIya AghAta pahoMcADe che. eTale eka vakhata vijetA thaI paDe che. rAjanagaranI carcA karatAM (juo pR. 68 banelA yajJazrIe. parAjIta cedipati pAsethI nijhAmI thI AgaLa) varaMguLa-amarAvatIvALA pradezamAM, AMdhra rAjyavALA bhAga paNa taratamAM ja khUcavI lIdhe heya. sAmrAjyanI rAjadhAnI koI vakhata hovAnuM jaNAApaNe tene samaya I. sa. pU. 397-ra=ma. saM. vevAmAM AvyuM che. te te samaya zuM atyArano ja 134-5 noMdhIe te khoTuM nahi gaNAya. bIjI rIte hatuM ke kema, te zodhavuM rahe che. yajJazrIe jIta.

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pa2 ] meLavyA pachI lagabhaga nava daza varSa rAjya calAvyuM che eTale jIta meLavyAnA ullAsamAM, rAjapATanI badalI karI levA mATe te pUratA samaya lekhI zakAya. parantu tenA samaye te pheraphAra banI zakayA na hAvA joie, tenAM kAraNa A pramANe che. (1) jo varMguLane ja rAjapATa DarAvavuM heAya te tenuM sthAna paNa paiThanI peThe eka khUNe ja paDI jatuM kahevAya. ulaTuM jainagara killAthI temaja parvatanI hAramALAthI surakSita heAI te, varaMguLa karatAM vadhAre nirbhaya ane yAgya lekhAya (2) jo amarAvatIne rAjapATa TharAvAya te, tenuM sthAna vartamAnakALanA ejhavADA zahera najIka hAine, tyAM sudhIteA mulaka teNe kabaje meLaLyeA gaNavA paDe; jyAre tenI jItane pradeza [ kRSNA nadInA ceThaka bhAga sudhIja ( paMcama pariccheda lekha naM. 20) teNe jIta meLavI che. eTaluM jaNAyuM che] tyAMsudhI laMbAyA hAya evA pUrAvA maLatA nathI. (3) parantu A bejhavADAvALA-dhabakaTaka-ezAkaTakane mulaka yajJazrInA putra vasatazrI mallika zAtakaraNIe jItI lIdhe hatA ( pu. 2, sikkA naM 67-68) ema siddha karI zakAya che. uparAMta prakAranI sthitimAM rAjA yajJazrIe potAnA rAjanagaranuM sthAna pheravyuM nahi haiAya ema svIkAravuM rahe che. rAjyavistAra ane rAjanagara [ ekAdazama eDa jene lIdhe tene gAdI uparathI amuka samaya mATe khesI javuM paDayuM che, te te prasaMgeA rAjakAraNanI dRSTie ati upayAgI heAvAthI taraheADI zakAya tema nathI. eTale kharA ItihAsa samajavA mATe tenuM jJAna paNa jarUrI che. temaja samayanI saLaMgatA jALavavA mATe paNu, tenuM nAma yathAsthAne mUkavuM ja joIe. vaLI vadasInA rAjyane AraMbha thaI gayA tyAre bhaviSyanA AgAramAM zuM bhareluM che te kASTanAthI bhAkhI zakAya tema na gaNAya; uparAMta eka vakhata rAjyArabha thaI gayo eTale tenA nAmanI ANu te cAlu thai gaI, pachI bhale te TUMka mudatanI hAya ke lAMbI, parantu tenuM nAma tA rAjA tarIke cAlu thaI gayuM ja gaNAya. AvA vividha muddAthI ApaNe vadasatazrInuM nAma upara mUkavuM paDayuM che. chatAM AMkanI gaNatrIe guMcavADe ubhA na thAya te mATe vadasatazrIne! sattAkALa e vakhata thayA hAvA chatAM, te ekaja vyakti haiAvAthI, saMkhyAnI gaNatrIe tene eka ja lekhI gU cavADA aTakAvavA prathamanA vadasatazrIne nabara vinA rAkhI, kRSNa naMbara trIjo ane bIjI vakhatanA dasatazrInA nakhara ceAthA lekhIzuM. vasaMtazrI zAtakaraNi purANakArAe rAjAvaLImAM (jue pR. 26) prathama kRSNane ane pachI vadasazrIne mUkayA che. kadAca evI bhAvanA heAya ke, vadasatthInuM rAya bahudhA te kRSNa pachI ja khIlI uThayuM che. mATe te anukrama dhAraNa karave jyAre kharI rIte yajJazrInA maraNa pachI tarata tenI vidhavAe peAtAnA sagIra bALaka vakrasInA nAme duvA pheravIne rAjalagAma potAnA hAthamAM lIdhI che, te thADA samaya te pramANe cAlyA pachI rAjA kRSNa gAdI upara AvyA che--teNe paNa dazeka varSa sudhI rAja karyuM che ane te bAda vaLI skrIne vadasatazrInA rAjyanA AraMbha thayA che. A pramANe bhale prathama mAtra thADAja vakhata vadasatazrInuM rAjya cAlyuM che paraMtu teTalA samayamAM paNa je je banAvA banavA pAmyA che ane saMzodhita karelI samayAvaLI pramANe (jIe pR. 39) yajJazrI pachI vadasatazrInuM rAjya kevaLa 10 mAsa jeTalA TUMka samaya sudhI cAlI, ma. sa. 146mAM khatama thayuM batAvyuM che. te bAda, tenA taraphathI rAjya calAvatI tenI vidhavAmAtA rANI nAganikAe ja kAtarAvela lekha (jIA paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1 ane 2) uparathI samajAya che ke, teNI pAsethI rAjalagAma tenA kAkAjI sasarA kRSNe khUMcavI lIdhI ThaMtI. paNa kayA saMjogAmAM tema banavA pAmyuM hatuM te jaNAvAyuM nathI, eTale te zodhI kADhavuM rahe che. te mATe pAchA ApaNe pR. 150 upara TAMkela AMkaDAnI madada levI paDaze. yajJazrI ma. saM. 144mAM maraNa pAmyA te vakhate magadhanI gAdI upara navamA naMda hatA ane lagabhaga 11 varSa sudhI te pramANe sthiti TakI rahI che. temaja kaliMga upara vakragrIvanuM rAjya sthApita thayuM hatuM ane tenuM rAjyapada paNa lagabhaga 11 varSa sudhI ja cAlyuM

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sasama pariccheda ]. varasatazrI zAtakaraNi [ 153 che. sAra e nIkaLe che ke ma. sa. 144 ane te pachI naMdavaMzI ane mauryavaMzI rAjAonuM khaMDiyApaNuM svI11 varSe eTale ma. saM. 155nA AMka sAthe uparanA kAryuM che. AmAMye vasatazrIne lAMbA vakhata mATe baMne banAvo koIka ne koIka rIte saMkaLAyelA dekhAya yavana prayANa nA sthAne saMbhave chepote ja che. ApaNane itihAsa zIkhave che ke, ma. saM. 155mAM lAMbA vakhata mATe gAdI upara rahyA hoya; parantu (juo pu. 2 mAM mauryavaMzanI hakIkata) caMdragupta nAme atyAre to mAtra bA-1 varSa sudhI rahela tenA eka vyakitae. mahAnaMdane harAvIne magadhanI gAdI adhikAra vizenI ja vicAraNA cAlI rahI che. eTale hastagata karI hatI ane te kAryamAM kaliMgapati vakra- tene choDI daIne, kevaLa rAjA yajJazrIe je thoDIka grIvanI madada lIdhI hatI. paraMtu pAchaLathI madada meLavyAnI madata mATe khaMDiyApaNuM-tyapaNuM svIkAryuM che tene ja zaratonuM pAlana karatI veLA evA banAvo banavA pAmyA vicAra karavo rahyo. A pramANe A pArigrAphamAM hatA, ke kaliMganA dezaupara paNa teja mauryavaMzI caMdra- jaNAvelA je koI muddA tapAsIzuM to e ja sAra gamanA AdhipatyanI asara pahoMcavA pAmI hatI. nIkaLaze ke, ma. sa. 144 thI 146 sudhImAMnA TUMka eTale ema spaSTa thayuM ke ma. saM. 155nA banAvamAM samayamAM caMdraguptanAmanI vyakitae hiMdI ItihAsamAM je cadragasa nAmanI vyaktie ja mukhya bhAga bhajavya rasa lIdhe che. tenA upara ja vasaMtazrIne gAdIethI che. have zodhavuM rahe che ke, A caMdragupta kayAMthI uta- uThI javAnA prasaMgane mukhyataH sabaMdha hovo joIe. bhavyo ane te ma. saM. 155mAM, eTalo badho kema pu. 2, pR. 199 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke, caMdragupta prakAzamAM Avyo ke teNe magadha ane kaliga jevA ma. sa. 145 mAM ke te arasAmAM (pitAnI sALa moTAM be sAmrAjyane dhaNadhaNAvI mUkayA-baMnene potAnI varSanI uMmare-cANakyanI madadathI) aMga ane veza sattAmAM laI lIdhA. A badhuM zI rIte banavA pAmyuM dezanI vaccenA pradezamAM, ke jyAM hAlanuM revA rAjya hatuM tenI tavArIkhamAM je utarI zakAya to, kadAca te ane chattIsagaDha tAlukAvALo bhAga che (pu. 2, pR. samayanA traNa sattAdhIza rAjakatoomAMnA ukta bene 24 nI sAmenI AkRti naM 5) tyAM rAjAnaMdanA mUlakane vane, bAkI rahetA trIjA evA AMdhrapatine lagatI kaMTIne-bhAMgIne pitAnA rAjayanI sthApanA karI hatI. hakIkata tAravI zakAya; ane pariNAme atihAsika eTale ema sAbita thayuM ke, A bhAga upara sAmagrInI truTIo dekhAya che te saMdhAI javA 5Na pAme. prathama (caMdragupta te bhAga bathAvI pADayo te caMdraguptano janma ma. saM. 100=I. sa. pU. agAu) naMdarAjAnI sattA hatI, jyAre uparamAM ApaNe 397 mAM thayAnuM (rU. 2, pR. 154) temaja teNe kahI gayA chIe ke te bhAga upara eka veLAe to. mairyavaMzanI sthApanA ma. sa. 146=I, sa. pUrve mahArathInI sattA hatI jene yajJazrIe harAvIne tenI 381-2 mAM karyAnuM-eTale pote rAjapade AvyAnuM putrI nAganikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. A mahArathIo (pu. 2, pR. 146) ane magadhasamrATa ma. sa. 155 joke potAne aMgakuLavardhana lekhAve che. parantu aMgadezanA = I. sa. pU. 37ra mAM banyAnuM (pu. 2, pR. 146) A bhAga upara, yajJazrIe mahArathIne harAvyo te sAbita karavAmAM AvyuM che. eTale tenA jIvananA samaye rAjA khAravelanuM ane te pUrve naMdavaMzanuM-magadhanuM A traNa samaya sAthe rAjA yajJazrInA maraNa pAmyAnI adhipatipaNuM ja hatuM, ke je Adhipatya naMdivardhananA ma. sa. 144nI sAla tathA vadasatazrIne ma. saM. samaye vadhAre majabUta banyuM hatuM. eTale vAstavika 146 mAM uThADI mUkavAmAM Avyo hate (pR. 37 tathA rIte te, te mahArathIo magadhanA ja sUbAo hatA. y. 15ra) te be banAvo sAthe koI saMbaMdha che ke kema paranta mahApadma urphe naMda bIjAnuM mRtyu ma. sa. 100 te tapAsavuM paDaze. vaLI pu. 2 mAM sikkA prakaraNe =I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM thatAM, je rAjadvArI parivartana naM. 56, 50, 67, 68nI hakIkata tathA AgaLa ApeluM magadhane aMge thayuM hatuM tene lIdhe, te samayathI mAMDI varNana tapAsIzuM te jaNAya che ke, rAjA yajJazrIe atyAre ma. sa. 144 sudhInA 40-45nA varSanA thoDIka mudata mATe, temaja vadavatazrIe lAMbI mudata mATe, gALAmAM. A vibhAga upara vAraMvAra mAlikInI phera 20

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vasatazrI zAtakaraNa [ ekazana khaMDa badalI thavA pAmI hatI. have tyAMno-magadhano mAmalo 30 hatA) bhAIo thatA hatA, jyAre vartamAna adhapati ( rAjA mahAnaMLuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM ane tene banela vasatazrI te, bhatrijA (zrImukha te bhAI ane gAdie beThA kee-32 varSa thaI gayAM hatAM31 tethI) tene putra yajJazrI eTale bhatrije)ne paNa putra thato hate. vadhAre majabUta ane saMgIna banI gayA hatA. eTale mahAnaMdane bhAI tarapha vizeSa pakSapAta rahe te dekhItuM che. uparAMta vadasatazrI sagIra vayane hevAthI eTale maLelI takano lAbha levA teNe kamara kasI heya tenI vidhavA mAtA rAjya calAvatI hatI. ane teNInI to kAMI asaMbhavita nahatuM ja. tethI banavA yogya che. umara paNa bahubahu te pacIsa varSanI AsapAsa hatI ke rAjA mahAnaMde, pitAnI sattAmAMthI khasI gayelA ane eTale teNIne rAja5Tu kahI na zakAya. A sthitino pachI anukrame khAravela tathA AMdhrapatine tAbe gayela lAbha uThAvI, kRSNa potAnA bhAI evA magadhapati mahAA sava mUlaka, yazrInA uttarakAne tenA paMjAmAMthI naMdanI pAse AkhA kesanI rajuAta karIne uparAMta punaH meLavI lIdhA hoya, ke jenuM sUcana ApaNane rAjA kRSNanI tarapheNanI eka vastu paNa che-je tenA pu. 2, sikkA naM. 56nA varNanamAMthI maLI rahe che. vRttAMte jaNAvavAmAM AvI che) potAnI tarapheNamAM cukAdo kahevAno matalaba e thaI ke rAjAyajJazrI pita, jIvananA meLavI lIdho hoya te kAMI asaMbhavita nathI; ane rANIaMte mahAnaMdane khaMDiye banyo hovA saMbhava che ane nAganikAe samaya oLakhI, pitAne kaI baLavAnanI tema bane te, varasatazrI paNa te ja dazAmAM gAdie sahAya nathI ema mAnI. muMge moDhe badhuM sahana karI lIdhuM Avyo gaNAya. A pramANe eka vastusthiti thai. bIjI paNa hoya. A pramANe je paristhiti amane sUjhI tene bAju ApaNe jAtie chIe ke (pR. 137) mahAnaMda, khyAla Ape che. vaLI sarva banAvone vihaMgadaSTie zrImakha ane kaSNa-A traNe mahApa urphe naMda bIjAno khyAla AvI zake mATe te pratyekanA samayanI noMdha putro hoIne (bhale bhinnabhinna mAtAnA udare jamyA TUMkamAM ApIe: ma. saM. I. sa. pU. je pradeza upara caMdragupta pitAnI gAdI prathama jamAvI hatI te naMda 100 sudhI 427sudhI bIjA urphe mahApAne tAbe hate. 102 425 A pradeza rAjA khAravele jItI lIdho. A samaye magadhaupara naMda trIjAthI AThamAnA aMta (ma. saM. 100 thI 112) sudhI rAjakIya vA-vaMToLa jAmI paDa hatA. 134-5 393-2 A pradeza kaliMganI sattAmAMthI, yAzrIe AMdhrarAjyamAM bheLavI lIdho. thagzrI svataMtra banyo. 142-3 385-4 pAcho A pradeza naMda navamAe urphe mahAnaMde yajJazrI pAsethI jItI lIdhuM. yajJazrI bhatya banyA gaNAya. 143-4 384-8 yAthInuM maraNa thatAM, tene putra vadasatazrI naMdavaMzanA bhUtya tarIke AMdhrapati banyA. 14-5 383-2 vasatazrInI virUddha cukAde meLavI, yajJazrInA kAkA kRSNa AMdhrasAmrAjyanI gAdI bacAvI pADI. 2. i. sa. bA urphe mahArAvale jItI lIdhA (30) ma, saM. 100thI mAMDIne magadhamAM kevI aMdhAdhuMdhI potAnA saradAroe tenA hukamanI kevI avagaNanA karavA pravatI rahI hatI te mATe pu.1mAM naMdavaMzane vRttAMta juo. mAMDI hatI (pu. 1mAM tenuM vRttAMta juo) tathA pitAne (35) mahAnaMdanaMda navame ma. saM. 152mAM gAdIe nakSatrathI pRthvI karavA (u52mAM pU. 59) kevA upAya levA beTho che ane atyAre varNavavA prasaMga 144mAM banyA paDayA hatA, te sarva sthitine vicAra karatAM tenI DAmADoLa che tethI 32 varSa lekhAvyAM che. sthitine khyAla AvI jaze. eTale A sthiti maTI jatAM (2) pote kevA saMjogomAM gAdIe beTho hato tathA te saMgIna banyA hovAnuM ja mAnavuM rahe.

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Y In This in aSTama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra-(3) zrIkRSNa pahele; vAsiSThaputra-pitAne haka na hovA chatAM, je saMgomAM teNe gAdI bathAvI pADI che temAM nimittabhUta banela avasaronI Apela samIkSA-A nAmanA be rAjAo thayA che te tattvanI, sikakA AdhAre thayela zene Apela hevAlakhA de te paDe te kudaratI nyAye tenA jIvananA aMte ubhe thayela prasaMga (4) vasiSThaputra valsatazrI; malikazrI zAtakaraNitenA nAma sAthe mallikazrI zabda zA mATe joDAyo che tenI Apela samAja temaja viliya zabdanA arthanI Apela mAhitI -tenI uMmara tathA tenA parivAra vize karelI carcA-tenA rAjyanI cArapAMca viziSTatAona Apela uDato paricaya tene rAjyavistAra kevA kevA prasaMge ane kevI kevI rIte vadhavA pAmyo hato tenuM vistArapUrvaka ApeluM varNana-tenI mAtA rANI nAganikAe ketarAvela nAnAghATanA zilAlekhane nizcita karI Apela samaya (5) pUrNasaMga urphe mAharIputra zivalakurasa-tenAM nAma ane birUda upara pADela prakAza-te samaye AkhA bhAratamAM zuM sthiti pravartI rahI hatI tenA khyAla sahita tenA rAjyanI vRddhine Apela che te bAba-eka mazahura paradezI elacInA zabda AdhAre tenA sainyabaLanI lIdhela tapAsa, tathA pUrvApara temAM zuM zuM pheraphAro thavA pAmyA che tene Apela kAMIka khyAla-puSyamitra te zrImukhane samakAlIna nathI tathA caMdragupta te se ksa nathI; A banne hakIkatane vadhu Apela akeka dRSTAMta-rAjapATanAM sthAna temaja paiTha ane amarAvatI nagarI vizenI lIdhela tapAsa ane chevaTe nizcita karI Apela bane sthaLanI jAherajalAlIne samaya

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156 ] zrIkRSNanI oLakha ane umara [ ekAdazama khaMDa - zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) jyAM AMdhrapatinA ane kaligapatinA mulakanI aDoaDa (3) zrIkRSNa pahele; vAsiSThaputra AvI rahI hatI tyAM teNe lUMTaphATa karI, thoDIghaNI jamIna purANakAronA kahevA pramANe (pR. 26nI nAmAvalI) kabaje karI, pitAne ane caMdraguptane rahevA mATe sthAna rAjA zrImukha pachI tene bhAI kRSNa gAdIe Avyo utpanna karyuM. A samaye pelI vRddhA ane khIra khAtA tenA hatuM paraMtu pUrvanA prakaraNomAM bALakavALA banAva (pR. 2, pR. 166) banavAthI 5. tenI oLakha sAbita karI gayA pramANe have cANakayane potAnI bhUla samajAI. eTale vyavasthAane umara nakkI thaI gayuM che ke zrImana pUrvaka halA karavA mAMDayA. dhIme dhIme te vAta magadhapati pachI te tene putra yAthI Avyo mahAnaMdane kAne paDI eTale teNe pitAnA vairIne hato ane te bAda tene sagIra putra vadasatazrI beTho udaya thaI gayo che tathA 5. cANakya pitAnuM dhAryuM hato. A vasatazrI bALaka hovAthI tenI mA, rANI karaze te zuM pariNAma AvI zakaze, tene aMdAja kADhI nAganikAe rAjalagAma hAthamAM lIdhI hatI. paraMtu lIdhA. joke kaliMgapatinA rAjyanI hada 5Na tyAM kevA saMyogomAM tene uThI javuM paDayuM hatuM te sarva Avela hatI, chatAM tenA peTanuM pANI hAle tevuM nahetuM, vigata, uparamAM lakhI gayA chIe eTale atra pAchI kemake prathama te te bhegavilAsI hevAthI bahu utAravI jarUranI nathI. mAtra je hakIkata nathI jaNAvAI kALajIvaMta paNa naheAte, tema che. cANakyane kAMI tenI tene ja ullekha karIzuM. sAthe verajhera jevuM nahotuM ke tenI prajAne raMjADe. rAjakAraNamAM InsApha, AMkhazarama ke, sagAnA ulaTuM te mahAcatura ane rAjakIya kSetre kema kAma saMbadha karatAM svArthanI daSTie vizeSa kAma levAmAM levuM temAM paTu hovAthI, tene krodhita thavAnuM kAraNa Ave che te udhADI vAta che; ane tethI ja rAjA ApavAmAM jANI joine dUra dUra rahevAnuM pasaMda mahAnaMda magadhapatie kRSNane pakSa laI kharA hakkadAra karatA hatA. kaliMgapatinI prajA, 5. cANakarSanI ane vasatazrInA haka upara tarApa pADI hatI, tene je ke pelA vATapADu kumAra caMdraguptanA raMjaDathI mukta che kAMIka citAra apAI gayo che. paraMtu vizeSa spaSTI- ane tema karavAmAM kAMIka uDI bAjI ramAtI hevI karaNanI apekSA rahe che. naMda navamAnA bALakaputro taraphathI joIe, te samAcAra paNa mahAnaMdane pahoMcI gayA apamAnita thatAM, naMdakuLano nAza pate na kare tyAMsudhI hatA. eTale pelI raMjADavALI sarahadanA tribheTAe magadhanI bhUmine tyAga karyAnuM tathA zikhA chUTI rAkhI joDAtAM traNa rAjyomAMthI bAkI rahelA AMdhrapatine je karavAnuM che. cANakaye paNa lIdhAnI hakIkata, tenuM jIvana- kAMIka yukitathI pitAnA pakSamAM joDI zakAya te mana vRttAMta lakhatAM pu. 1 mAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. te phAvate dAva ramI zakAya ema rAjakIya kSetraja ramavAmAM vAtane lagabhaga paMdareka varSanAM vahANAM vahI gayAM hatAM. pAvaradhA banelA mahAnaMde nihALI lIdhuM. A vakhate eTale ke je mayurapaSakanI bALAnA garbhanuM teNe rakSaNa me. saM. 15nI sAla ane AMdhrapatitarIke pelA bALaka karyuM hatuM ne putrarUpe je jamyo hato te caMdragupta atyAre vasatazrInI ghoSaNuM cAlI rahI hatI. temAM bALaka tane janma ma. sa. 130 mAM hovAthI jAo pu. taraphathI sahAyanI AzA te zuM rAkhI zakAya paraMtu 2-pR. 154 atyAre) ma. sa. 144mAM paMdara varSane tenI rIjeTa tarIke kAma calAvatI vidhavA mAtA thayo hato. paM. cANakayane te A vAtanI caTapaTI rANI nA nikAnI uMmara paNa bahu bahu te 25-27 lAgI hovAthI vismaraNa thAya tevuM ja nahotuM. tethI varSanI, jene gaddhApacIsIno samaya kahevAya temAMthI teNe mayurapaSakanI bALAnA mAtapitA pAse AvI, pasAra thatI hatI. vaLI teNIne rAjakAraNano bilakula pitAne Apela vacana pramANe te putra soMpI devAnI paricaya nahe. jethI teNInA taraphathI paNa joIe mAMgaNI karI. pachI tene sAthe rAkhI magadhabhUminI sarahada, tyAre ane joIe teTalI saMtoSakAraka kamaka maLI rahe

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aSTama pariccheda ] zrIkRSNanI oLakha ane umara [ 157 ke kema te vize anizcitatA mAlama paDatI hatI. eTale che. eTale svabhAvikarIte ja e anumAna karI zakAya saghaLI paristhitine vicAra karIne teNe pitAnA ke te rAjA, atyAre jenuM varNana karI rahyA chIe oramAna bhAI zrIkRSNa je atyAre jIvaMta hatA, te ja, zrIkRSNa hovo joIe. paraMtu te sikkAmAM temaja bacapaNamAM magadhanA darabArane ane pAchaLathI apAyelA anya varNanane jyAre vicAra karIe chIe vaDIlabaMdhu rAjA zrImukhanA ane bhatrIjA yajJazrInA hAtha tyAre tarata te anumAnathI AghA khasI javuM paDe che. taLe AMdhadarabArane anubhava laI je atyAre moTI temAM hAthI che ane te paNa savaLI bAjue ja che, umare pahoMcI gayo hato, tenA tarapha tenI madada meLavavA eTale tarata ja ApaNI najara samakSa samrATa priyadarzina mITa mAMDI. kamAra kRSNa (bhale vRddha thavA Avyo hato taravarate dekhAya che, jeno samaya to A zrIkRSNanA paNa gAdIpati na hovAthI rAjakuTuMbanA mANasane kumAra samaya karatAM haju ghaNo pAchaLa che. tema sikkAmAM citra kahIne ja saMbodhAya che)ne te eka bAju oramAna karavAnI paddhati tarapha najara kheMcIe chIe te tene bhAI ne bIjI bAju bhatrIjAno putra, ema banne bAju svataMtra rAjA ne lekhatAM priyadarzinane tAbene lekho sagAM hovAthI, prathama te taTastha rahevAnI IcchA thaI paDe che. A pramANenI be sthitine vicAra karatAM Ave te dekhItuM che; paraMtu jyAM svArthanI gaNanA ApaNuM dhyAna samrATa priyadarzine ketarAvela dhaulIAvIne ubhI rahe tyAM to bhAInI tarapha UbhA rahevAnuM jAgauDAmAM varNavelI pelI paristhiti tarapha taratamAM jAya , mana thAya ja, kemake tema karatAM pote eka bAjI eka che. temAM spaSTa jaNAvela che ke teNe AMdhrapatine harAvI, ugatA mahAsAmrAjyano svAmI bane che tathA bIjI aMtarano te sage thatuM hovAthI be vakhata jato karyo bAju, bIjA mahAsAmrAjyanA rAjakartAnI maitrI ane hato. eTale kahapanA thaI ke zuM te lekhamAM varNavela prIti saMpAdana karI zake che. eka kAMkare be pakSI AMdhrapati te A ja vyakti haze ke? paraMtu pR. 38 mAravAne-eka dAve be sogaThI mAravAna-avasara mAMnI nAmAvaLI tapAsatAM tarata te bheda kADhI nAMkhavo maLata hevAthI, gerainsApha thato hovA chatAM, bhAInA paDyo. priyadarzinano samakAlina zrIkRSNa te gautamIputra pakSe aMte joDAvA kabUla thaze. Ame vasaMtazrI ane che, jyAre atra jenuM varNana cAle che te kRSNa te vAsiSarANI nAganikA mahAnaMdanA khaMDiyA jevA te hatA ja, putra che. matalaba ke kRSNanAmanA banne rAjavIe bhinna temAM rAjakIya paristhiti jyAre badhI samajANI bhinna vyaktio karI: jethI A vAsikapatrakRSNa tyAre pote sarva rIte asahAya che ema teNIne lAgyuM. samayanI gaNatrIe prathama thayela-hevAthI tene zrIkRSNa teNIe pote ja AMdhrapatinI gAdI khAlI karI kRSNane pahelo ane priyadarzinanA samakAlinapaNe thayela mArga mokaLo karI Ape. eTale kevA saMjogomAM zrIkRSNane bIjA kRSNa tarIke oLakhAvo rahe che. kumArakRSNa AMdhrapati banyo hato tathA pele nAnA- rAjA zrIkRSNa pahelo Azare ma. sa. 73mAM dhATano zilAlekha rANI nAganikAnA hAthe jyAre jamyo hovAnuM (pR. 139) jaNAvAyuM che. temaja ma. sa. lakhAyo tyAre temAM potAnA hRdayanI hAyavarALa 145mAM gAdIe AvyA. ane ma. sa. 155mAM ThAlavIne, potAnA kAkAsasarA mATe ghaNujanaka zabdo maraNa pAmyAnuM (pR. 39) sAbita thAya che eTale te kema vAparavA paDayA hatA ItyAdi hakIkata, keTale aMze hisAbe lagabhaga 72 varSanI uMmare rAjA banyAnuM ane vyAjabI che te sarve bAbatano vAcakane pUrepUro khyAla 82 varSanI uMmare te maraNa pAmyAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. tenI AvI jaze. A pramANe rAjA kRSNanA svabhAvanI rANI ke putra parivAra vize keI jAtanI mAhitI maLatI oLakha thaI. have bIjI rItanI oLakha ApIe. nathI eTale te vize mauna ja sevavuM paDe che. - pu. 2, pR. 112 upara sikko naM. 63, kaIka magadhapati mahAnaMdanA pakSamAM rAjA zrIkRSNa bhaLI zrIkRSNa sAtakaraNine che. tenuM prAptisthAna caMdAchalle gayAnuM uparanA pArigrApha jaI gayA chIe. bhaLatA

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158 ] zrIkRSNanuM anya vRttAMta [ ekAdazAma khaMDa bhaLI te javAyuM ane pote mahAsukhI thaze ema 155=I. sa. pU. 381thI 372 sudhI bhogavyA karyo dhAreluM. paraMtu te AnaMda ke sukha pachI jyAre tene temaja paM. cANakyane lAgyuM ke have anya vRttAMta tenA nasIbamAM bahu cIrakALI potAnI gaNanA eka sArA rAjapatine yugya thaI thavAne sarajAyelAM nahotAM. kudaratane cUkI che tyAre tarata ja medAnamAM ughADA paDIne AgaLa anyAya tarapha hamezAM kaDavI najara hoya che tethI te mane vadhavAnuM teoe ucita dhAryuM. eTale sauthI pahelAM, rAjA tema calAvI letI nathI. AthI prathama to rAjA kRSNanA zrIkRSNa upara ja hallo laI gayA ane A laDAImAM pakSamAMthI rANI nAgarikAnA pitRpakSane-mahArathIo rAjA zrIkRSNa mAryo javAthI, caMdragupta pite magadhasamrATa vALA-mULagAdI tarapha aNagamo vadhate gayo ane banyo hato te pUrve, te pite AMdhrapati banyAnuM kahI bIjI bAju, caMdragupta je eka rIte mahAnaMdane pratipakSI zakAya. temaja akeMdrita rAjya-gaNarAjyanI vyavasthA hato te havethI rAja kRSNano paNa pratipakSI thayo. cAlu hovAthI-AMdhrano kharo hakadAra vadasatazrI je alabata, mahAnaMda eka moTo samrATa hatA ane caMdragupta atyAre aDhAramAM varSamAM pravezI cUkayo hato, tene punaH bahu ja nAnA pradezano mAlika hatA. paraMtu bhUlavuM te sthAna upara teNe sthApita karI dIdhA. eTale joituM nathI ke mahAnaMda jeke kRSNanI peThe ekadama AMdhrapati je mahAnaMdane bhatya kahevAto hato te havethI vRddhAvasthAmAM naheAte pravezyo, mAtra dazeka varSe ja tenAthI caMdraguptano bhUtya kahevAvA lAgyo. nA hatA chatAM, jyArathI magadhanuM sukAna teNe hAtha rAjA zrIkRSNane ATalA rAjadvArI jIvana sivAya lIdhuM tyArathI ghaNe khare samaya rAjyane suvyavasthita anya kAMI banyuM hovAnI mAhitI maLatI nathI. karavAmAM guMcAyelo rahyA karato hato. prathama te ghara temaja je zilAlekha (paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 2) AgaLanA rAjakarmacArI gaNAtA kSatriyone daMDita tene maLI Avyo che temAM teNe kAMIka dharmanimitte karI tene AkhA magadhane lagabhaga nakSatriya karI dAna karyAnuM jaNAyuM che te sivAya tenI jIMdagImAM koI mUkavo paDayo hato ane te bAda pazcimanA saghaLA sAmAjIka banAva banyo hovAnuM paNa jaNAyuM nathI. mulakane zAMta karI, dUra paMjAbamAMthI ANelI viThA- eTale ApaNe tenuM vRttAMtaAlekhana baMdha karavuM paDe che. nanI pelI tripuTInA matsarane lIdhe mAnasika ukaLATa (4) varasatazrI malika zrIzatakaNi-vilivaya paNa vaherI levuM paDe hata-ke jethI keme karyA kurasa vAsiSThaputra ra ane mananI zakti meLavavA jevI sthitimAM te naM. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrI ane rANI nAgaAvI zake nahote, eTale akALe vRddhatvane pAmI nikAne je putra sagIra vayane hatA ane uparanA prakaraNe gayo hato. matalabake atyAre rAjadvArI kSetre be pakSo jene ApaNe na. 3vALA rAjA baMdhAI gayA jevuM thayuM hatuM. ekapakSe mahAnaMda ane tenI oLakha zrIkRSNanI pUrve, naMbara ApyA zrIkaNuM pahelo ane bIjApakSe caMdragupta. prathama pakSamAMnA tathA nAme vinA vadasatazrInuM nAma jaNAvI zrIkRSNanI sthiti paNa pitAnA sahapakSI mahAnaMdanI gayA chIe, te have pukhta vayane peThe AMtarakalaha ane manaduHkhane lIdhe ati DAmADoLa thaI gayo hata; temaja gAdI upara kharo haka tene banI javA pAmI hatI. eTale bIjApakSe rahela caMdraguptane pahoMcatA hatA eTale agAunI mAphaka vidhavA mAtAnI svecchAe banne bAjue-eka bAju magadhanI ane doravaNI sivAya te svataMtra rIte AMdhrapati tarIke bIjI bAju AMdhanI-jyAM lAgaphAve tyAM avAranavAra hakumata calAvatA have nImAyo hato. pite vadasatazrI hale laI jaI, mulakane jItI laI rAjyanI jamAvaTa kema kahevAtuM hatuM ane temAM malikezI nAma zA karavAnI anakaLatA maLI gaI hatI. AvI suMdara takano uparathI umeravAmAM AvyuM hatuM te sarva varNana lAbha leNe lagabhaga AThathI nava varSa-nma. sa. 146thI prasaMgopAta 5. 14mAM jaNAvI gayA chIe. bAkInAM * * *

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aSTama richeda ] tenI umara tathA parivAra me birUda, vilizyakurasa ane vAsiSThaputra je joDAyAM mAtA rANuM nAganikAnAnA gotranI ApaNane bhALa che tenI samajUti ja are ApavI rahe che. thAya che. vaLI te paddhati tenA pitA, dAdA ane anya vibhivayakurarsa viliva ane kurasa evA zabdane vaMzajoe lagADelA AvA gotrIya nAme ukela anale che. AmAMnA 'kara'ne saMskRta kulI' zabdane lAvavAmAM cAvIrUpa thaI paDe che. te hakIkta darzAvavA aMza lekhI tene koI eka peTAjAti vizeSanA sabhya pUrato ja ahIM ullekha karavo Avazyaka lAge che. tarIke keTalAka vidvAne gaNAve che. jo te artha barAbara vadasatIne lAgatI na hovA chatAM paNa, tenuM nAma heta te, te upanAma te AkhAye vaMzane lAgu paDatuM je eka zilAlekhamAM labdha thayuM che, temAM eka bAbata sAmAnya gaNAta ane tethI sarva rAjAe potAnuM jaNAvelI hovAthI te upara atra lakSa kheMcatA jarUra nAma sAthe saMyukta karatA, paraMtu te sthiti najare nathI lAge che, pariccheda pAMcamAmAM zilAlekha naM. 1 nuM pAtI. A hakIkata ja pUravAra karI Ape che ke te varNana karatAM vidvAnone mata TAMkI jaNAvAyuM che ke zabdane, jAti ke tenA peTA vibhAga sAthe saMbaMdha ja vadasatazrIne be varSe nAno eka bhAI hatA, jenuM nAma nathI. paraMtu eka ThekANe jema anya graMthakAra jaNAve hasiri hatuM. A hakusirine (A. sa. ke. I. pu. che tema, vilivaya eTale vIravilaya jeNe dhAraNa karyA 6 mAM pR. 62, TI. naM. 1) DaoN. myulara sAhebe, che tevo purUSa tene kahevAya. matalaba ke teNe evI bhAva- jainagraMthamAM prakhyAti pAmelA "zaktikumAra" tarIke nAthI-abhimAnathI, potAnI bhUjA upara vala oLakhAvyo che. paratu te upanAma te A vaMzanA eka dhAraNa karyA che temaja garbhita rIte Ama janatAne tethI mahAparAkramI evA rejA hAla zAlivAhananuM che. te kevI AhavAna Ape che, ke koI mAyanoputra bahAra paDI rIte banavA yogya che, tenI samajutI ApaNe prathama tenA upara jIta meLavaze tyAre ja e valaya. pita paricchede lekha naM. 3mAM ApI che. matalaba ke je utAraze. eTale ke A zabdano artha khAsa viziSTa guNa lekhamAM A be kumAranAM nAmo ApyAM che temanA dharAvanAra (endowed with special quali- samayane nirNaya karanArAoe gothuM khAdheluM hovAthI fication) tarIke karAya che ane tethI ja teno temaNe A zaktikumArane anya vyakti dhArI lIdhI upayoga mAtra amuka vyakitaoe amuka prasaMge ja che. A hakusirinuM nAma ke nizAna itihAsamAM karyo che. amAruM ema mAnavuM che ke jyAre A kyAMya noMdhAyuM dekhAtuM nathI, eTale tenuM maraNa thaI rAjAe kaI rAjAthI parAjIta thaI tenA khaMDiyA gayuM haze evA anumAna upara javuM paDaze. eTale "bhatyA"nI kakSAmAM rahetA tyAre teo A padane ma. sa. 145mAM pitAnA pitAnA maraNa samaye tyAga karatA paratu jevA te rAjAnI dhUMsarI phagAvI tenI umara ATha varSanI hoI tene janma ma. sa. daI karIne svataMtra banatA ke te padane pAchuM dhAraNa karatA. (uparamAM pU. 146 ) A siddhAMta vaDe keTalAka sikkAnI (pu. 2, pR. 106 tenI umara tathA hevAnuM ApaNe karAvyuM che. eTale thI AgaLa jIo) oLakhano tarata nIkAla paNa parivAra jyAre te A bIjI vakhata ma. ANI zakAya che. saM. 155mAM gAdIe beThe tyAre pate vAsiSThaputra kahevarAve che, te arthamAM kaI 14 varSane hati ane 56 varSa rAjya karI ma. saM. khAsa navInatA to nathI ja. paraMtu te kathanathI tenI 210 I. sa. 317mAM maraNa pAme che te gaNatrIe (1) ke, A. 2 prastAvanA pR. 87:-kura=( @kr=kula) vilivay, Shival etc. "vizivAya ane zivala kula', tribe jema mihirakalamAM bahuzrIhI samAsa che tema rAjakuMvara. visivAra-prince belonging to the tribe of (2) ka. sa. sa. TIkA 5. 52.

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160 ] tenA rAjyanI viziSTatAo [ ekAdazama khaMDa temanI uMmara 74-75nI kahI zakAze. eTale tene uparane putrajanmavALo prasaMga banyA che. bahu tyAre rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 381thI 317 sudhI 54 varSano tene samaya ma. sa. 157 kahI zakAze. kadAca be hevo joIe. varSa AghopAcho tene samaya TharAvAya to paNa ati tenI rANI ke putraparivAra vize koI jAtanI upayogI nathI ja; kemake te putranuM maraNa nIpajI mAhitI nathI. paraMtu tenI gAdIe AvanAra je cUkayuM hatuM eTale tene aitihAsika mahatva ApavA putra thatA hoya te mAharIgAtra sivAyanA eka bIjo jevuM rahetuM ja nathI. paraMtu bhadrabAhu ane varAhaputra paNa tene thayo hovAnuM jainamathe uparathI jaNAya mihira ke jemaNe varAhasaMhitA nAme jyotiSazAstrane che. temAM A pramANe lakhAyala che. "pratiSThAna nAmanA graMtha race hato temanA samayanuM A kathananagaramAM varAhamihira ane bhadrabAhu nAme be brAhma- mAMthI sUcana maLI rahe che, te eka ati e dIkSA lIdhI. tyAM bhadrabAhasvAmIne AcArya upayogI vastu che. A bhadrabAhusvAmI maoNya caMdraguptanA padavI maLyAthI varAhamihirane gusso AvyA. tethI gurU hatA ke jemanI pAse teNe potAne ujanImAM lAdhelAM pite brAhmaNane veza laIne 'varAha saMhitA' banAvIne soLa svapna kahI varNavyAM hatAM ane je uparathI temaNe lakAnAM nimitta joIne AjIvikA calAvavA bhaviSya bhAMkhI batAvyuM hatuM (pu. 2, pR. 193); lAge.eka dahADo rAjAne ghera putra AvavAthI A uparathI rAjA caMdragupta (ma. sa. 169=I. sa. pU. varAhamihire tenuM se varSanuM AyuSya kahyuM. tethI sarva pa8) dIkSA laI potAnA gurU tathA aneka zrAvaka ane leke tathA yogI vagere rAjA pAse jaIne chokarAne sAdhusamudAya sAthe dakSiNamAM vihAra karyo hato. tyAM AzIrvAda ApavA lAgyA. paNa bhadrabAhasvAmI nahI zravaNabelagola tIrthanI najIkamAM lekhaNuvRttathI gurU gayAthI varAhamihira jainenI niMdA karAvavA lAgyA. bhadrabAhasvAmIe ma. sa. 170=I. sa. pU. 357 mAM pachI bhadrabAhusvAmIe zrAvakane kahyuM ke AjathI dehatyAga karyo hato. A badhA banAve tathA temane sAtame divase A rAjAnA kuMvaranuM bIlADIthI mRtyu thaze. samaya arasaparasa maLI rahe che jethI tene kharI pachI rAjAe sava bIlADIone gAmamAMthI kADhI etihAsika ghaTanAo tarIke ja lekhavI rahe che. mUkAvI. tepaNuM sAtame dahADe te dhAvato hato te vakhate AkhA zatavahanavaMzamAM trIsa uparanI saMkhyAmAM bIlADInA AkAravALo kamADane AgaLIo tenA rAjAo thayA che temAM 50 varSa uparAMtanuM rAjya para akasmAta paDavAthI te mRtyu pAmyo. tethI jeoe bhagavyuM che tevA traNa bhadrabAhasvAmInI prazaMsA tathA varAhamihiranI tenA rAjyanI cAra rAjAo thayA che. temAMnA sarva jagAe thavA lAgI." A uparathI viziSTatAe eka A vasatazrIne gaNo rahe samajAya che ke, bhadrabAhusvAmIne AcAryapada (ma. che. A eka viziSTatA che. bIjI . 156 I. sa. pU. 371) maLyA pachI taratamAM viziSTatA e che ke, sarva rAjAe ekaeka vakhata ja (3)ka. sU, su. 5. 125-1, zilAlekho tathA pracaMDakAya je mUrtio, tyAM temaja anya (4) bIjo prasaMga paNa bhadrabAhusvAmI ane varAha- sthaLe ubhI karAvI che te ubhI karAvavAmAM kayAM kAraNe mihiranI jJAnaparIkSA banI gayA hatA. paraMtu tene ane nimittabhUta che, teno ItihAsa ApaNe pu. 2 mAM, te saMbaMdha nahi hovAthI tene sparza karavA jarUra rahetI nathI. mUrtionuM varNana karatAM Apyo che, eTale khAtrI thAya (5) A badhA banAvo eTale caMdragupate dIkSA levI che ke te banAvo banyAnuM satya kare che. vaLI eTaluM te tathA bhadrabAhusvAmIzrInuM dakSiNamAM javuM; I. I. ne kabUla karavuM ja paDaze ke, pustakIya AdhAra hoya ke na hoya, tAMbarIya jainagraMthomAM ullekha thayela na hovAthI, keTalAka paraMtu zilAlekha ane mUrtio jyAM mejIda sAkSI pUrI kalpita mAne che, paraMtu samrATa priyadarzine te pradezamAM rahI hoya, tyAM zaMkAnuM sthAna zI rIte maLI zake ! '

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* aSTama pariccheda ] vAsatazrIne rAjya vistAra [ 161 gAdIe birAjavAne bhAgyazALI thayA che tyAre vasata- tera varSe paNa A rAjA makSikazrInA rAjyajIvananAM vakhata gAdIe AvavAne avasara prApta thayo svataMtrapaNe ja vyatIta thavA pAmyAM hatAM. A rItie che. pachI A avasarane subhAgya, durbhAgya ke kamabhAgya tene traNa traNa samrATanuM mAMDaLikapaNuM sevavuM paDayuM game te kahe te judI vastu che. trIjI viziSTatA e che ke, hatuM. A pramANe tenA rAjyanI cAra viziSTatAo AvA dIrdhavahIvaTI rAjakartAomAM sauthI vizeSa zAnti- samajI levI. priya rAjaamala je keIne nivaDe hoya te A eka bAju kahevuM ke tenuM rAjya ekadama zAntimaya vasatazrIne ja che. sAdhAraNa rIte tenuM rAjya evI navayuM che ane bIjI bAju rAjya vistAra ' nI saraLatAthI nirvahana thavA pAmyuM che ke temAM kaI hakIkata lakhavI, ke jeno artha banAva ja banyo nathI ema kahIe te paNa cAle. rAjya vistAra sAmAnya rIte evo ja karI cethI ane sarvathI moTI viziSTatA e che ke, teNe zakAya, ke tenA rAjyanI hada, je jeTalA samrATonuM mAMDalikapaNuM svIkAravuM paDayuM hatuM, tene potAnA pUrvaja pAsethI vArasAmAM maLI hatI, eTale ke tene mAthe jeTalA dhaNI thayA hatA teTalA temAM kAMIka vadhAro ke ghaTADo thaye have joIe ja; koI rAjavIne mAthe thayA nathI. jyAre te prathama ane jyAre A prakAre vadhaghaTa thAya tyAre svAbhAvika ja gAdIe beTho hato tyAre teno svAmI magadhapati mahAnaMda che ke tene koIne koI prakAre koi rAjavI hate, bIjIvAra jyAre te gAdipati banyA tyAre utaravuM ja paDayuM heya; ane yuddha karavuM paDayuM eTale caMdragama hato. tenI pachI bidasAra samrATa thayo eTale zAntino bhaMga thayo ja kahevAya. A badhAM siddhAMta te teno svAmI thayo. paraMtu biMdusAra rAjya, jyArathI kharA to che ja. paraMtu evuM kAMI sarvathA niraMtara satyaja 5. cANakayae-i. sa. pU. 350 AsapAsavAnaprastha nathI ke, yuddha vinA rAjayanI vadhaghaTa na ja thaI zake. svIkAryuM ane te sthAne navo maMtrI pradhAnapade A vastutaH sthiti ema banavA pAmI hatI ke, rAjA tyArathI, magadha sAmrAjyamAM je cArekora baLavA jevI vasatazrInA pitAnA maraNa samaye jeTalA mulaka sthiti thaI rahI hatI te samaye eTale Azare I. sa. pU. AMdhrapatinI ANamAM hato teTalA mulaka te tene 347mAM AMdhrapati paNa svataMtra thaI gayo hato. te vArasAmAM maLyo hato ja. vacce rAjA zrIkRSNanA rAja TheTha pitAnA maraNaparyata I. sa. pU. 317 sudhInA 30 amalanA dasamAM varSanA aMte jeke caMdraguptanI sAthenA varSa sudhI svataMtra ja rahyo hato. biMdusAranA maraNa bAda yuddhamAM tenuM maraNa thayuM hatuM tethI madhyaprAMta ane teno putra azakavardhana magadhapati banyo hato ane bihAravALe AMdhrasAmrAjayane keTalAka mulaka caMdraguptanA tenA samaye paNa I. sa. pU330thI 317 sudhInA hAthamAM gayo kahI zakAya, paraMtu adrita bhAvanAnI tera varSaparyata-joke A vaksatazrI jIvate ja hato chatAM paddhatine lIdhe, khaMDiyApaNAne svIkAra thavAthI, kRSNanI samrATa azokanA rAjyanI chAyA tene sparzI zakI pAchaLa AvanAra tarIke malika vasatazrIne pAchA surata nahotI. baheke A vasatazrInI pAchaLa gAdIe Ava- thaI gayo hato. eTale vAstavamAM sthiti e pravartatI nAra tenA putrane paNa azakanI chAyA gherI zakI kahI zakAya ke vasatazrI tenA pitAnA maraNa samaye nahatI, je tenA vRttAMta uparathI jANI zakAze. jeTalI bhUmivistArane dhaNI hato, lagabhaga teTalI ja matalabake samrATa azokanA samakAlina tarIkenAM chellAM pRthvIno atyAre pharIne gAdIe beThe tyAre paNa hato. (6) ema paNa banavA pAmyuM hoya ke, atiupayogI paristhiti jotAM ema ja sAra nIkaLe che ke tene rAjyaamala banAvo te banI rahyA hoya, paraMtu tenI noMdha ja maLI zAntithI ja pasAra thaI gayo hate. zakatI na hoya. A pramANe banavA lAgyA che, paraMtu sadhaLI 21

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162 ]. nAnAghATanA lekhano samaya ekAdazama khaMDa have te caMdraguptanuM rAjya zarU thaI gayuM hatuM ane tenuM dakSiNane tathA tenI lagolaga Avela keTalAka bhAga ja, mAMDalikapaNuM kabUlI levAyuM hatuM eTale-Status A sAsatazrInI ANamAM AvavA pAmyo haze eTaluM quo-nI sthiti ja caMdraguptanA rAjyanA aMta sudhI ja hAla te svIkArI laIzuM. kAraNake tenA sikkA pUrva (ma. sa. 169=I. sa. pU.358) jaLavAvavA pAmI hindamAMthI maLI Ave che, jethI keInsa opha hatI. te pachI biMdusAra Avyo tyAre paNa tenI te ja iDiyAmAM tenA kartA janarala kaniMgahAme pR. 108 paristhiti TakI rahevA pAmI hatI kemake pUrvArdha samaye upara "All the coins of Andhras are 5. cANakya, rAjanA sukAna pade cAlu ja hato. paraMtu found in Eastern India round about jevI teNe rAjakAjamAMthI ma. saM. 177-I. sa. pU. Amraoti, while all the bow and arrow 050mAM(pu. 2. pR.218-9) nivRtti lIdhI ane maraNa coins come from Western India= pAmyo che. navA pradhAnanA vahIvaTa daramyAna AkhAye AMdhrapationA sarva sikkAo pUrvahiMdanA amarAmagadha sAmrAjyamAM baLavo phATI nIkaLavA jevI sthiti vatInI AsapAsanA pradezamAMthI ja maLI Ave che. thaI paDI hatI. temAMye uttara hiMdaupara biMdusAre jyAre tIra ane kAmaThAMvALA sarva sikkAo pitAnA yuvarAja dvArA tathA avaMtinA sUbApade pazcima hiMdamAMthI maLI Ave che". sthApita karela potAnA putra azokavardhana dvArA, haju A pramANe je zabdo uccAryA che tene bhAvArtha jevo te paNa kAbU meLavI rAkhyo hato. paraMtu dakSiNa ApaNe darelA anumAnanA pratikarUpa samajavA. hiMdane potAnAM bhAgya upara choDI dIdhuM hatuM-kaho ke choDI tAtparya e thayo ke rAjA malika vadasatazrInA devuM paDayuM hatuM. tene lIdhe A samaye rAjA vasatazrI rAjaamala daramiyAna AMdhrapatinuM sAmrAjya dakSiNa mahilakazrI sAtakaraNinI zAtipriya rAjanItine lIdhe hidanA AkhAye bhAgamAM, nahIM to chevaTe TheTha dakSiNane pitAnI sarahadane aDoaDano eTale bejhavADAnA- bhAga choDI daIne, baMne samudrataTa vaccenA pradezamAM betrAkaTaka-amarAvatInA pradeza upara tene adhikAra jAmI paDayuM hatuM ane te 5Nu yuddha laDayA vinA (pu. 2. sikkA naM. 67-68 tathA A pustake, ane manuSyasaMhAra karyA vinA banavA pAmyuM hatuM paricacheda lekha naM 19 juo) vinA mahenate maLI ema samajavuM rahe che. gayA hatA; athavA kahe ke, te pUrva kinArAnA samudrataTa vAsaMtazrInI mAtA rANI nAganikAe nAnAvATane sudhInA prAMtanA nAnA nAnA saradAre to AMdhrapatinI (juo paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1) zilAlekha ANAmAM kayAranAye AvatA rahyA hatA ja paraMtu kRSNa kotarAvyo che temAM pitAnI nadInI dakSiNathI mAMDIne kanyAkumArI sudhIna-eTale jene nAnAghoTanA eALakha tathA be putronAM nAma vartamAnakALe celA, pallava ane pAMDavA rAje kahevAya lekhane samaya sAthe dAna ApyAnI vigata che temanI ANavALA vistAra paNa have varasatazrInA ke kAtarela che. temAM samayadarzaka AMka tenA putranA tAbAmAM AvI gaye; kAnA vakhatamAM tema sUcavela nathI paraMtu, ja, be. che. 2. e. se. sane banyuM te nakkI kahI zakAya tema nathI bAkI bemAMthI 1928, pR. 3 navI AvRtti pR. 83 upara lekhake ekanA tAbe TheTha kanyAkumArI sudhIno mulaka tene, vadasatazrInA rAye 13mA varSe kotarAvyAnuM AvI gayo hato teTaluM te cokkasa che ja. chatAM jaNAvyuM che. A anumAna upara AvavA mATe jyAre anizcitapaNAne aMza, vacce DokiyuM karI rahyo che temaNe kAI dAkhalA ke dalIlo ApyAnuM jaNAtuM tyAre te sadhaLA pradeza have pachInA rAye nathI paNa banavAjoga che ke nAsikane zilAlekha eTale vasatazrInA putranA rAye AdhasAmrAjyamAM vasatazrIno che ane te paNa rANI nA nikAe ja bhaLavA pAmyo hato ema kalpI laI, mAtra kRSNA nadInI katarAvela che. temAM pitAnA koka sasarA zrIkRSNa rAja

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aSTama pariccheda ] pUtsaMganAM nAma, birUda, umara, I gAdI jhUMTavI lIdhAne ullekha karela che. matalaba ke abhiprAya darzAvyo che (juo pu. 2 mAM uparanAM nAsilekhamAM zrIkRSNano nirdeza karela che jyAre nAnA sikkAvarNana ) temAMthI evo sAra nIkaLe che ke teo ghATanA lekhamAM kRSNanuM nAma ja nathI lIdhuM. eTale vasatazrInI pachI anukramavAra eka pachI eka AMbanAsika lekhano samaya prathama thayo ke jyAre teNIe pati banyA che. ane pratyeke aDhAra varSa sudhI rAjya sagIra kamAranI vatI rAjalagAma hAthamAM lIdhI hatI. karyuM che. A sarvane zodhI karIne tathA anya rAjavIA sthiti lagabhaga eka varasa rahI hatI. pachI daza varSa nAM gotra vagere maLI AvyAM che tene saMkalita zrIkRSNane vahIvaTa cAlyo hato ne te bAda vaLI karIne. vadasatazrInA pachI gAdIe AvanArane vasatazrInuM rAjya gatimAna thayuM hatuM. eTale samajI pUrNatsaMga mADharIputra zivalakurasa tarIke tathA te pachI zakAya che ke, nAsika ane nAnAvATanA zilAlekha vacce, AvanArane kaMdhasthaMbha (purANakAranA mate, pR. 26 ) kamamAM kama 11-12 varSanuM aMtara gaNAvAya che. have gautamIputra vilivA kurasa urphe kRSNabIjA tarIke temAMya nAnAghATavALA lekha jo vasatazrIe bIjI TharAvavA paDayA che. temaja kRSNabIjAne pUrNIsaMganA vakhata rAjyAraMbha karyo te pachI tarata ja rANI putra tarIke lekhavyo che. A badhAM upanAmanA artha nAganikAe kotarAvyo hoya, to bAra varSanuM aMtara vizenI samajutI agAu apAI gaI che eTale pharIne barAbara che. paranta ochAmAM ochuM eka varSa gayA tenI carcA karavAnI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. bAda karAvyo hoya te, 13 varSanuM aMtara gaNavuM vAjabI have umarane prazna vicArIe-pAMcamA ke chaThThAnI kare che. AvI gaNatrIthI te 13 nI sAla vidvAnee umara vize kyAMya spaSTIkaraNa karAyuM hoya ke zabdoccAra mUkI che ke kema tenI khAtrI karavI rahe che. hAla paNa thayo hoya evuM vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI. mAtra tarata te ATalo khulAse ganImata lekha rahe che. je kahevAyuM che te eTaluM ja ke pratyekanuM rAjya 18-18 (5) pUNesaMga urphe mAharIputra; zivala kuraza varSa cAlyuM che. eTale temanI uMmara vize pAke pAye pAITara sAhebe zrImalika pachI pUrNasaMganuM nAma nirNaya karavAnuM ati muzkela che; chatAM kAMIka aMdAja (pR. 26) jaNAvyuM che, paraMtu te jarUra kADhI zakAya teTalI sAmagrI ApaNI pAse tenAM nAma, birada, enI vaccenA sagapaNa saMbaMdha paDelI che ja. umara, I vize taddana cUpakI sevI che. varasatazrInuM AyuSya 74-75 varSanuM ApaNe sAmAnya niyama e gaNAya che ke jeI gayA chIe temaja e 5NuM joI gayA eka pachI anya AvanArane mATe bIjo koI jAtane chIe ke, tenA putranuM maraNa je bIlADInA saMbaMdha hovAnuM varNana apAyuM na hoya, te temane pitA- bhUkha ketala bAraNAne AgaLI paDavAthI thayuM putra ja mAnI levA rahe che. te pramANe pUrNIsaMgane paNa hatuM tenI aMdAjI sAla ma. sa. 156 pachI ekAda mallikazrInA putra tarIke ja ApaNe lekhIzuM. tema varSamAM ja che, ke je samaye tenI potAnI umara 20 pUrNatsaMganuM upanAma mAharIputra hatuM tevuM paNa kyAMya thI 21 nI hevAnuM gaNI zakAya tema che. te gaNatrIe nIkaLatuM nathI. paranta mADharIputrano eka sikko (pu. 2 jo te putra jIvanta heta te, vasatazrInA maraNa samaye 5. 11 AMka naM. 59) maLI Avyo che temAM tene tenI uMmara vadhAremAM vadhAre 52-53 nI hoI zakata, vaLakurasa " ApyuM che vaLI eka bIje parantu jyAre te putra to maraNa ja pAmyo che tyAre sikako (pu. 2, 5. 112, AMka naM. 63) rAjAzrI anya putra je te bAda avataryo hoya ane te ja A kaccha zAtakaraNine maLI Avyo che. A baMnene lagatAM pUrvotkaMga hoya, te ye vadhAremAM vadhAre 40 thI 50nI cinha tathA AnuzaMgika anya sAmagrInuM vivecana uMmarane gAdIe Avyo gaNAya, ne temaja banavA karIne janarala kaniMgahAme ane che. rekhane je pAmyuM che ema mAnI levAmAM jyAM sudhI tenI viruddha

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164 ]. mArI putra vize eka anya khulAse [ ekAdazama khaMDa anya koI pUrAvo nathI maLI AvatA, tyAM sudhI ke 18 vALA kaI rAjA sAthe nisabatta gaNAya nahIM; kAMI khoTuM paNa nathI thatuM. vaLI teNe 18 varSa rAjya paNa keka anya ja te vyakita hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe. bhagavyuM che tathA tenA rAye je sAmrAjyavardhaka A mAnyatAthI ja chaThThA paricchede ame zera karela banAva banavA pAmyA che te jotAM paNa, gAdIe che. paraMtu vicAratAM ema lAge che ke, jyAre A Avyo tyAre tenI uMmara 50 nI AsapAsa aTa- amarAvatI ane jagayA peTavALA pradeza upara naM. 5, kaLavAnuM saMbhavita manAya che. A hisAbe tenuM AyuSya 6 ane 7vALA rAjAonI sattA paNuM jAmavA pAmI paNa lagabhaga tenA pitAnI peThe 60 thI 70 varSanI hatI, te naM. 5 ne rAjA jenuM nAma mAharIputra de pahoMcatuM dekhAya che. ATalI sAmagrI purANamAM noMdhAyuM che ane sikkAmAM jene mAharIputra taiyAra thaI che te te uparathI teno rAjyakALa I. sa. zivalakurasa lekhAyo che, teja vyakita A jaggayApU. 317 thI 299 18 varSa sudhI cAlyuM hovAnuM peTavALo mADharIputra IkvAku nAma zrI vIrapurUSadata kAM ane tene janma Azare i. sa. pU. 364 thI na hoya ? kAraNa ke tene sattA pradeza maLI rahe che, 369 mAM thayAnuM lekhavuM paDaze. mADharIputra nAma maLI rahe che, zrI vIrapurUSadatta ane purANa graMthe zedhIne mi. pAITare je vaMzAvaLI zivalakurasa upanAma paNa vIralayadhAraka ane guNabanAvI che te AdhAre ApaNe atyArasudhI A rAjA vizeSa vizeSaNa maLI rahe che. je kAMI vicAraNuM mAgI mArI putranA hise 18 varSa tevo zabda che te 'IvAkunAmavALo zabda ja che. mArI putra vize rAjya bhogavyAnuM nevyuM che. A nAma dekhItI rIte bhale kSatriya jAtisUcaka haze, eka anya khulAse paraMtu eka vizeSa hakIkata che paraMtu anubhava kahe che ke, te nAma te brAhmaNomAM mAlUma paDI che te upara vAcaka paNa (pR. 57, tathA tenI TI. naM. 35) maLI Ave varganuM dhyAna kheMcavA vinA rahI zakAtuM nathI. che. vaLI A zatavahanavaMzInI utpatti bhale sudrajAtinI uparamAM chaThThA paricchede jagyayApeTa stupa (kRSNa rANuthI utpanna thayela putrathI banavA pAmI che, chatAM jIllo) naM. 30 ne lekha che. temAM mArI putra ikvAku pitA zuddha kSatriya che temaja teonAM lagna gautamanAma zrI vIrapurUSadatta potAnA rAjyakALe 20 mA gautrI, ane vasiSTagotrI kanyAo sAthe thayela jaNAyAM varSe te kotarAvyAnuM lakhela che. te lekhanA varNanamAM che. eTale sahaja anumAna karI zakAya che ke, IvAka ApaNe e zera mAryo che ke, tene samaya ApaNI nAma paNa A rAjAo sAthe joDavAmAM kAMI bAdha Ave maryAdA bahAra hovAthI paDatuM mUkIe chIe. tevuM gaNuya tema nathI. A sarva muddAnI gaNatrIe jyAre teja lekhanuM maLa varNana ArkIolojIkala sarve A lekhane ketarAvanAra, te naM. 5 vALA mArI putra opha sAutha inDiyA (ImpIrIyala sIrIjha) pu. 1, TharI zake che; ane tema thAya te tene rAjyakALa je pR. 5 mAM apAyuM che, te vAMcI jotAM ema samajAya 18 varSane gaNAvyo che tenI hada vadhArIne ochAmAM che ke, amarAvatInA stUpamAM rAjA pulumAvI ane echI 20-21 varSanI lekhavI rahe che. tema karavAthI ane yajJazrInA kAtarAvela zilAlekha che. eTale ema je pheraphAra samagra nAmAvaLImAM karavo paDaze te naM. sAbita thayuM ke te banne bhUpALanI sattA A prAMta 3 thI 7 sudhInA rAjAnA samayane aMgeja kare pradeza upara hatI kharI. AmAMne pulumAvI te naM. 5Daze. kayAM ane keTale phera kare, te saMzodhake vicArI 18 vALA rAjA hAla ane yajJazrI te naM. 17vALa leze. ahIM te ApaNe eTaluM ja kahI zakIzuM ke, ariSTakarNa gautamIputra sAmAnya rIte samajI zakAya jo uparano nirNaya kAyama kare te mAharIputranAM tema che; ane teja pramANe hoya te jagayApeTanA vizeSaNarUpe beeka upanAme vadhAre maLyAM gaNAze. zilAlekhamAM nirdiSTa thayela mADharIputrane A naM. 17 jyAM sarva aNuzaLyuM ane aNaprIchavuM ja paDayuM

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aSTama pariccheda ] pUNesaMgane rAjya vistAra [ 165 hoya che, tyAM kiyuM mArIne bahAra kheMcI kADhavAnuM paNa sarva vakhate aphaLa javAthI kaMTALIne chevaTe I. sa. kArya, samayanA AMkaDAnuM avalaMbana pU. 704mAM tene azokavardhana sAthe salAha karavI paDI rAjya vistAra jeTaluM suMdararIte ane saMzaya- hatI. A sarva vRttAMta ApaNe pR. 2 mAM pR. 275 rahita karI Ape che, teTaluM kArya I. upara jaNAvI gayA chIe. eTale atre te tenA eke vastu karI nathI ApatuM; te ApaNe pR. 149-50 niSkarSa rUpe eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM ke I. sa. pU. 304 - upara jaNAvI gayA chIe. atra paNa pharIne te ja sudhI azakavardhananuM citta, te selyukasanA vAraMvAra thatA siddhAMtane anusarIne kAma levuM Avazyaka lAge che. te humalAne khALavAmAM ja parovAI raheluM hatuM. jethI samayanI peThe atyAre paNa, pUrvanI be ja sattA sarve dakSiNa hindamAM zuM banI rahyuM hatuM te jANavAnI paNa jyAM hiMdustAnamAM jAmI paDI hatI. trIjI je kaliMganI tene paDI na hoya tyAM saMbhALapUrvaka jovAnI te kayAMthI sattA hatI tene lepa thaI gayo hato, jemAMthI thoDoka ja kurasada maLe tevuM dhArI levAya? A takane lAbha bhAga, vadasatazrI malika zAtakaraNinA vRttAMte jaNavyA pUrNotsage saMpUrNapaNe lIdhe ane kaliMgadezane je kAMI pramANe teNe potAnA AdhasAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdho bhAga hajI magadhamAM rahevA pAmyA hatA te save AMdhra hatA. eTale ahIM paNa be nRpatinA samayanI ane sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhe. pariNAme sthiti evI thaI temanAM jIvana caritromAM banelA banAvanI, sarakhA- rahI ke viMdhyAcaLa parvatanI uttaranA sarva pradeza upara maNI ja karavI rahe che. temAMnA (1) magadhasamrATa - eTale ke pUrvamAM mahA nadI ane pazcime narmadA nadI-te tarIke-azokanuM I. sa. pU. 330 thI 28941 varSa; baMnenI uttaranA hinda upara, magadhanI ANuM ane te (2) ane bIjA AMdhrapati tarIke-pUrNatsaMga pitAnuM- nadIonI dakSiNanA sarva pradezaupara, TheTha kanyAkumArI 317 thI 299=18 varSa rAjya cAlyuM che. sudhI aprapatinI ANu, gAjI rahI. A kathananA azekanuM jIvanacaritra lakhatI vakhate sAbita satyanI pratiti tarIke ApaNI pAse pUrAvo paNa mojuda karI gayA chIe ke jyAre te gAdIe Avyo tyAre che. pu. 2, pR. 27ramAM jaNAvAyuM che ke samrATa azeke sArAye bharatakhaMDamAM biMdusAranI nabaLAIne lIdhe, ane I. sa. pU. 313mAM (330-17) potAnA rAje 5. cANakayanA sthAne AvanAra pradhAnanI rAjanItine sattaramAM varSe, trIjI bauddhadharma pariSadamAM upasthita laIna, baLavA jevI sthiti thaI rahI hatI. temAMthI thavA, je bauddha bhikSuone silAnamAMthI teDAvyA hatA, uttarahindamAM zAnti phelAvavAnI prathama jarUriyAta, temanI rUbarUmAM pATalIputra nagare pitAnA putra mahendra azokane gAdIe besatAM veMta lAgI hatI; kemake ane putrI saMghamitrAne bauddha dIkSA ApyA bAda, temanI hindanuM hArda te ja vibhAga hato. temAMye hindanI sAthe pAchA silena javA, mahAnadInA mukha AgaLanA sarahadane daravAje AvIne paradezIoe tenAM dvAra dariyA taTethI teNe temane vidAya ApI hatI; Ama karakhakhaDAvavA mAMDayAM hatAM. je alekajhAMDara dhI greITa vAne kAraNa e hatuM ke te nadInA mukhanI dakSiNe Avela eka vakhata I. sa. pU. 327mAM hindamAM AvIne mulaka samrATa azokanI ANamAM nahotuM ane je para pitAnA deza pAchA pharatAM 323mAM maraNa pAmyo hato, rAjyanI hadamAM pravezAya te navuM junuM thaI paDe, eTale tenI pAchaLa gAdIe besanAra tarIkenA hakkanA kajIyA ja svarAjanI chellAmAM chellI hade AvIne aTakavuM paDayuM thoDA ghaNA patAvIne, tenA saradAra selyukasa nakaTare hatuM ane tyAMthI ja vahANamAM temane besArI saphara yavana rAjyanI rAjalagAma hAtha dharI hatI; tene saphaLa IcachI lIdhI hatI. ATalA vivecanathI have paNa hindanI rasALa bhUmine pitAnA saradAranI peThe vAcakone khAtrI thaI gaI haze ke, A pUrNIsaMganA svAda cAkhavAne meha lAgyo hato. eTale lagabhaga rAjyaamale sarva dakSiNa bharatakhaMDane pradeza samAI bArathI aDhAra vakhata hinda upara caDI Avyo hato. jato hato. A pramANenI sthiti meDAmAM meDI

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AMdhrapatinuM sainyabaLa [ ekAdarAma khaMDa I. sa. pU. 312 sudhImAM eTale ke potAnA rAjyanA pelA mahAvicakSaNa rAjanItijJa 5. cANakaye samrATa prathamanA pAMcamA varSa sudhImAM (I. sa. pU. 01thI 312 caMdraguptanA rAjyakALe prayAsa seveluM hatuM, tene paNa sudhImAM) upajAvI kADhI hatI. kadAca te pUrve paNa te kiMcita khyAla (pu. 2, pR.213) ApaNe laI lIdho che. pramANe banI rahyuM hoya paraMtu ema kahevAne ApaNI te sarvanA tAratamya tarIke ApaNe eTaluM ja kahI zakIe pAse kaI pUrA nathI. vaLI tenuM rAjaya aDhAra varSa chIe ke, prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM jegama lazkarI aMganA cAhyuM che, tethI AvaDA moTA sAmrAjyaupara te cAra vibhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pAyadaLa, hayadaLabAda teNe bIjAM tera varSa sudhI hakumata bhogavIne deha azvadaLa, gajadaLa-hastidaLa ane rathadaLa. lazkarI najare cheDe hatA ema jANavuM rahe che. A uparAMta eka tenA sthAvaraaMga tarIke moTA moTA nagarane temaja anya pUrAvo paNa che te nIcenA pArigrAphathI jANa. rAjadhAnIne, killA ane keTathI susajijata banAvI atyAranA vidvAno bhale mAne ke na mAne paNa, pudevAmAM AvatA, uparAMta vizeSa surakSita banAvavA te 1 mAM ApaNe jaNAvyA pramANe rAjA bibisAre, jema keTane pharatI cAre bAju, vizALa khAI khAdI rAkhatA; sAmAjIkakSetre zreNIbaddha sudhArA ane jarUra paDaye, A khAIne pANIthI athavA AMdhrapatinuM dAkhala karIne zreNIka nAmanuM saLagatA aMgArAthI bharavAnI vyavasthA paNa karI sinyabaLa birUda pitA mATe meLavyuM hatuM rAkhatAM. AvI khAInI laMbAI-pahoLAI tathA UMDAInuM tema, lazkarI viSayamAM paNa sudhArA zuM pramANa hoI zake tene khyAla (pu. 1, pR. 303-4) dAkhala karI tene zreNibaddha vyavasthA karI hatI. te ApaNe ApI gayA chIe. atre to eTaluM ja jaNAvavuM hakIkata sAbita paNa thaI gaI che. A vyavasthAnA Avazyaka che ke, je jamAne ane je rAjya AvAM paripAkarUpe teja zreNikanA pautra udayanabhaTe TheTha dakSiNa- sAdhanasAmagrI vasAvI rAkhavAnI goThavaNa karI rAkhatAM hinda jItI lIdhA bAda AgaLa vadhI silena paNa haze. temanAM sAdhano kevAM vipula hovAM joI e; karyo hato te tenA jIvana vRttAMte jaNAvyuM che. temanI kAryazakti ane buddhikauzalya kevuM hovuM joIe vaLI te ja udayananA mukhya senAdhipati tarIke nAmanA tathA te samayanuM IjanerI vijJAna kaI kakSAe pahoMceluM meLavela naMdavardhana uphe naMdapahelAe, kevI rIte samasta hovuM joIe, tathA te te vibhAgI-vijJAnanI zAkhAmAM bhAratavarSa jItI laI eka chatrachAyA-under one vartamAnakALe ApaNe AgaLa vadhyA chIe ke kema te umbrella-taLe rAjya calAvyuM hatuM, te paNa pu. vicArI laI te sarvanI sarakhAmaNI karavI ke jethI ApaNu1mAM tenA vRttAMte varNavI gayA chIe. A sarva ne pUrvanI prajAnA jJAnane khyAla AvI zakaze. astu. lazkarI yojanA, je pramANe saphaLa thatI joI e uparamAM TAMkela sarva rAjavIonAM-TheTha zreNikathI chIe te rItie, tenA mULa yojaka rAjA zreNikanA mAMDI caMdragupta sudhInA be varSa sudhInA samaye, lakaranIbuddhicAturyanuM-athavA tenA sahAyaka mukhya maMtrI sainyanI racanAnI tapAsa karIzuM to jaNAze ke temAM. tarIke kAma karI rahela tenA putra abhayakumAranI cAre aMgonAM tattva samAyelAM hatAM ane tyAMsudhI daradaza vicArazaktinuM, athavA tethI paNa AgaLa hiMdustAna keIi paradezI humalAne bhegA thai paDayuM vadhIne kahevAya to banne jaNue, pitAputra-rAjA nahatuM. tyArapachI bidusAranA amalanA aMta bhAgamAM ane mahAmaMtrIe jemanI pAsethI AvI vyavasthA grIka bAdazAha alekajhAMDara dhI greITa hiMda 5ra : karavAne preraNA meLavI hatI te mahApurUSanI (jIe prathama AkramaNa karyuM hatuM ane pazcima hiMdamAMne thoDAka pu. 1, pR. 267-9) agAdhazaktinuM ja, kAMIka aMze bhAga chatI laI tyAM pitAnA saradAro dvArA lagabhaga ApaNane bhAna karAve che. A vyavasthAne punaH navA pAsadI sudhI (. 2, pR. 227-243) rAjavyavasthA svarUpe, te samayanI jarUriyAta pramANe goThavavAne, karI hatI. pAchaLathI temane pagadaMDe azakavardhananA

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[160 aSTama pariccheda ]. AMdhrapatinuM sainyabaLa samaye samULage kADhI naMkhAye hatuM. paraMtu jyAre mairya samrATa hatA ane bIjo naMbara AMdhrapatine temanA saradAra selyukasa nI keTegarane I. sa. pU. 704mAM hatA. A elacInA nedhAyelA zabdo upara ApaNe azekavardhana sAthe suleha karI samAdhAna karavuM paDayuM tyAre je anya upayogI TIkA karavAnI che te svataMtra rIte ane tenI rUIe, te saradAranI putrI azokavardhana vere nIcenA pArigrApha ApIzuM. atyAre te rAjya vistArane paraNAvI paDI hatI. vaLI A yavana rANIne pATali- aMge sainyabaLanI paristhiti tapAsatA hovAthI, te putramAM adhAmuM na lAge te sArU pitRpakSa taraphathI eka praznane vaLagI rahIne ja ApaNe vicAra darzAvIzuM. grIka elacInI nimaNUka paNa karavAmAM AvI hatI. pu. 2 mAM sAbita karavAmAM AvyuM che ke, azaka (pu. 2, azokanuM vRttAMta juo). A elacInuM nAma ane priyadarzina ane bhinna bhinna vyaktio che. megesthinIjha hatuM. A goThavaNane pariNAme hiMdI eTaluM ja nahIM paNa azokanI pachI turata ja priyadarzina lazkaramAM temaja vasulAtI khAtAmAM kAMIka pazcimanI- magadhanI gAdIe beThe che tathA azoka dade thAya che grIkanI paddhatinuM mizraNa thavA mAMDayuM hatuM. ane ane priyadarzina tene pAtra thAya che. samrATa azokane samajAya che ke, lazkarI vibhAge catuSThayojanAmAMthI samaya I. sa. pU. 330-28941 varSane che ane rathavALo aMtima vibhAga kadAca baMdha karavAmAM AvyuM priyadarzinane samaya I. sa. pU. 289 thI 235=54 hato. nizcitapaNe je ke uccArI zakIe tema te varSane che. A priyadarzine kaliMga dezamAM AvelA nathI, paraMtu A mi. megesthinI potAnI DAyarImAM dhaulI-jAgauDAnA khaDakalekhamAM kotarAvyuM che ke, potAnA hiMdIsainya vize TIkA karI je zabdo lakhI kADhayA rAye navamA varSe (i. sa. pU. 280)mAM teNe A che temAM ratha vize kAMI IzAre karela na hovAthI A pradeza kaliMgapati zAtakaraNi pAsethI jItI lIdhA hatA pramANenuM anumAna karI javAya che. temanA zabdo ane tene be vAra laDAImAM harAvyA hatA. paraMtu te A pramANe che:-"The Andhra territory banne arasparasa nikaTanAM sagAM thatAM hovAthI te sthAna included 30 walled towns, besides upara temane punaHsthApita karyA hatA. zatavahanavaMzI-have numerous villages and the army con- pachInA eTale-chaThThAnA vRttAMte ApaNe joI zakIzuM ke, sisted of 100,000 infantry, 2000 be vAranI laDAImAM prathama vakhate tene chaThThI zAkaraNa cavalry and 1000 elephants.........and sAthe ane bIjI vakhate sAtamAM zAtakaraNi sAthe was reputed to possess a military force, laDavuM paDayuM hatuM. vaLI priyadarzine dakSiNa hiMdamAM hAlanA second only to that at the command haisura rAjya Avela hasana jIllAmAM cittaladurga of the king of the Prasi Chandragupta tAluke traNa lekha-(brahmagiri, siddhAgiri I.) ubhA Maurya=AMdhranI sattA pradezamAM asaMkhya grAmo karyA che. temAM potAnA rAjyakALanA tetrIsamA varSano uparAMta, gaDhAMkita 30 nagaro paNa hatAM. tenA (32 ne aDadho==rA eTale I. sa. pU. 256no) lakaramAM 100,000 padAtio, 2000 ghoDesvAro ullekha karyo che. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke ane 1000 hastio joDAyelA hatA..ane I. sa. pU. 280 thI 256 sudhI te dakSiNa hiMdamAM ema kahevAtuM hatuM ke, pUrva pradezanA rAjA caMdragupta priyadarzinanI ANa vartI rahI hatI. paraMtu te samaye mauryanI AjJAmAM je sainya hatuM tenAthI bIje naMbare akendrita bhAvanA pramANe rAjyavyavasthA thaI rahI A (AMdhrapatinuM) gaNAtuM hatuM." matalaba kahevAnI hatI tethI, te te pradezanA rAjavIne pitAnA khaDiyA e che ke, te vakhate lazkarI baLamAM prathama naMbara (bhUtya) tarIke punaHsthApita karI, cAce jatI rAjya (7) a. hiM. I. trIjI AvRtti. 5. 206;

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= 168 ] megesthenIjhanA zabdothI uddabhavatA vicAre [ ekAdazama khaMDa vyavasthAmAM koI jAtanI Dakhala nAMkhavAmAM AvatI itihAsavidda mi. vinsenTa smithe je lakhyA che te nahotI. eTale zilAlekhanA purAvAthI sAbita thaI sadAbarAja pR. 167mAM ApaNe utArI batAvyA che gayuM ke, cha tathA sAtama AMdhrapati samrATa priya- tenA upara ApaNe je TIkA karavAnI hatI te atre darzinanA amuka samaya mATe khaMDiyA hatA ja. vaLI jaNAvavAnuM tyAM AgaLa sUcana karyuM che, eTale te temanA sikkAo kRSNAnadInA mukhamAM temAMthI tathA prakaraNa have hAtha dharIzuM. samudrataTa-kerAmAMDala kesTavALA pradezamAMthI maLI Ave temAMnA bIjA zabdo sAthe ApaNe saMbaMdha nathI. mAtra che. te uparathI samajAya che ke te sarva pradeza upara AdimAM The Andhra dynasty (AMdhravaMza) ane temanI sattA paNa hatI ja. bIjI rIte samajavuM rahe che aMtamAM the Prasii Chandragupta Maurya ke, jyAre AvA parAjIta rAjAo bhale rAjyavyavasthA (pUrvapradezanA rAjA caMdragupta maurya) evA je zabdo calAvye jAya che, paraMtu ""tyAM=khaMDiyA" hovAthI jaNAvela che te vize ja kahevAnuM che. prathama "AMdhruvaMza" temane amuka prakAranuM-bhale nAmane haze, paNa hoya te 5rave kahIzuM. jyAre megerathenIjhe A zabda vAparyA kharuM ja-baMdhana hoya ja; jethI karIne teo svataMtra che ane tenuM varNana karyuM che, tyAre eTaluM to sAbita thaI rIte vata na zake. eTale ke chaThTho AMdhrapati I. sa. cUkayuM ja gaNAya che, tenA samaye (i. sa. pU. 304mAM) pU. 280mAM samrATa priyadarzinano khaDiyo banyo, te te vaMzanuM lazkarIbaLa teTalI kakSAe pahoMcyuM hatuM ja. pUrve ja te pradezano svAmI thai cUkayo hovo joIe. bIjI hakIkata ema paNa samajavI rahe che ke, jyAre vaLI pAMcamA AMdhrapati mADharIputranA sikkAthI (pu. te samaye evaDo moTo ane prabaLa darajajo dharAvato 2, pR. 110 AMka 59) temaja chaThThA AMdhrapatinA AMdhavaMzano gaNAvyo che tyAre te sthitie pahoMcatAM sikkAthI (pu. 2, pR. 112 AMka naM. 63) samajAya pahoMcatAM paNa tene keTalo samaya vyatIta thaI gayo hovo che ke, banne bhale pratApI puruSa thayA che, paraMtu joIe. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, AMdhruvaMzanI AvI pAMcame vizeSa prabaLa ane parAkramI hatuM. eTale jAhojalAlIne samaya jyAre i. sa. pU. 304mAM teNe ema ja anumAna karavuM rahe che ke, A pradeza upara noMdhyo che tyAre te vaMzanI Adi te keTalAye varSo prathama sattA, pAMcamAM AMdhrapatinA samaye ja thavA pahelAM thaI gaI gaNavI joIe. bIjI bAju, ItihAsa pAmI hovI joIe. vaLI pAMcamAnA samaye ja saMyoga bApAkAra jAhera kare che ke, AMdhavaMzane AdipurUSa rAjA sAnakALa hatA te ApaNe pR. 165mAM puravAra karI zrImukha hatA. eTale siddha thaI gayuM ke zrImukhane samaya gayA chIe eTale svIkAravuM rahe che ke, pAMcamAe I. sa. pU. 304 pUrve ghaNu ghaNAM varSo upara thaI gayo I. sa. pU. 312 sudhImAM te pradeza jItI lIdhA che. paraMtu hAlanA itihAsakAro hAthIguphAnA rAjA hatuM. te bAda chaThThAnI sattA te pradeza upara svataMtra khAravelanA zilAlekhamAMnI amuka patino bhAvArtha rIte thoDo vakhata jAmI rahI hatI paraMtu. I. sa. pU. besArIne evuM mAnatA thayA che ke zuMgavaMzI puSyamitra 280nI sAlamAM priyadarzinane khaMDi banatAM, tenI (jenI haiyAtI I. sa. pU. 188 temaNe noMdhI che) ane sattAmAM teTale darajaje kApa paDa hatA. rAja zrImukha tathA khAravela-badhA samasamayI hoI pATaliputra darabAre yavanapati selyukasa nIkaTAre temane samaya paNa che. sa. pU. 108ne ja gaNo. A pitAnI putrInI sAthe je mege- mAnyatA upara kAMI paNa TIkA karavAnI AvazyakatA megesthenIjhanA sthanIjha nAmane elacI mokalyo rahetI nathI. vAcaka pite ja vicArI zake tema che. zabdothI udabhavatA hatA, ne jeNe AMdhrapatinA have bIjA zabda "pUrva pradezanA rAjA caMdragupta vicAro lazkarIbaLano citAra ApatuM mauya" je lakhAyA che te paratve ApaNA vicAra varNana karyuM che tene lagatA zabdo, jaNAvIe. prathama darajaje ApaNe svIkAra karI laIe ala hisTarI opha inDiyAnA lekhaka pelA prakhyAta ke, A zabdo mi. smithanA uccArela che. temaNe te

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aSTama pariccheda ] pAuM rAjapaTa vize zabdo megespenIjhanI DAyarImAMnA asala tarIke lIdhA karavAmAM vidvAnoe bhUla khAdhI che. amArA mata pramANe che ke svamati anasAra bhAvArtha-anuvAda tarIke lakhyA se keTasa eTale caMdragupta nahIM paNa caMDAzoka-seDezaka, che te ApaNe jANatA nathI. paraMtu eka javAbadAra senDazisa eTale azoka jene kahevAmAM Ave che te vyakti tarIke temaja kALajIvALA pUrNa abhyAsI azokavardhana pate samajavo ane tenA janma samaye upara ane ItihAsanA pariziyana vRttivALA purUSa tarIke varNavelA sarva banAva banavA pAmyA hatA (juo pu. vinsenTa mithanI je khyAti jAmelI che te jotAM 2 mAM azokanuM jIvana caritra). sahaja dhArI zakAya che ke, bhalene zabdo asala tarIke caturthaparicchede rAjanagaranA sthAna vize carcA karIne na hoya ane anuvAdarUpe ja hoya, chatAM tadana vicAra ApaNe evuM anumAna dorI batAvyo che ke, te mATe ane AdhArapUrvaka te lakhAyelA hovA ja joIe. traNa sthAne ja dIvo karI zake eTale te uparathI je ghaTanA ghaTAvAya, tene aitihAsika pAchuM rAjapATa tema che. paiTha, varaMguLa-amarAvatI satya tarIke svIkArI levAmAM jarAye kSobha pAmavAnuM vize ane vijayanagara. temAMnuM vijayarahetuM nathI. A zabdo kema jANe megesthenIjhanA mahe nagara che, jyArathI te vaMzanI be mAMthI ja nIkaLyA hoya ema dekhAya che; vaLI vicAra zAkhA paDI gaI tyArathI eka zAkhAnuM rAjanagara darzAvavAne sAmAnya niyama te e che ke, je potAnA thavA pAmyuM hoya ema spaSTapaNe dekhAya che. jyAre samaye eTale ke potAnA rAjAnA amala daramyAna paiTha to asalathI ja gAdinuM sthAna haze ane varaMguLa tathA banela banAvanuM varNana kaThuM paDatuM hoya te, " ApaNuM amarAvatI (baMne sthaLo rAjanagaranAM gaNuya ke te rAjAnA vakhate" ke tevuM ja bhAvArthasUcaka keI vizeSaNa bane pAse pAse hovAthI, temAMnuM eka ja pATanagara jeDIne te bolavuM joIe; tene badale ahIM to hatuM ane bIjuM te, nAmanI pUrI mAhitI na hovAthI megeccenIjha pote varNana kare che chatAM, " ApaNe mAtra karipatarIte ubhuM karI vALyuM che; game te sthiti rAjAnA samaye" zabda na lakhatAM, koI trIjA purUSanA hoya. ApaNe salAmata rasto grahaNa karI bannene sAthe samayane ja kema jANe varNana lakhato na hoya tema joDI dIdhAM che) to samaya jatAM jyAre vizeSa vistAravaMta "pUrvapradezanA rAjA maurya caMdragupta"nuM nAma spaSTapaNe pradeza upara svAmitva maLyuM tyAre rAja calAvavAnI batAvyuM che. jeno artha te e thavo rahe che ke, anukULatA sAcavavA mATe pheraphAra karI pasaMda karavAmAM megesthenIjha ane caMdragupta baneno samaya niranirALa AvyuM haze evuM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. uparAMta A che eTaluM ja nahI, paNa caMdragupta te megesthenIjhana rAjAonA zilAlekha tathA sikkAo je adyatana purAgAmI ja gaNu rahe. A pramANe khuda megesthenIjhanuM prApta thayA che temAMnA AdirAjAonA keTalAka maMtavya thayuM kahevAya. jyAre vidvAnonI vartamAnakALe dakSiNahiMdanA pUrva taraphanA vibhAgamAMthI maLI AvyA mAnyatA evI che ke, je magadhapati paMjAbanI eka che tyAre keTalAka pazcima taraphamAMthI paNa maLI AvyA saritAtaTe elekajhAMDara dhI greITane maLyo hato tenuM che. tevI ja rIte madhyama ane aMta vibhAgI rAjAonI nAma sekeTasa hatuM, tene ja selyukasa nikeTare potAnI bAbatamAM paNa banavA pAmyuM lAge che. eTale evuM putrI paraNAvI hatI ane tenA ja darabAre megesthanIjha kAMIka anumAna doravuM paDe che ke, vAraMvAra rAjanagaranuM elacI tarIke rahyo hato ane saDakaTasa nAmanI sthAna-paiTha ane varALa ke amarAvatI-pheravavA jarUra paDI vyaktinuM hiMdInAma caMdragupta hatuM. matalaba ke caMdragupta ane hovI joIe. pachI te rAjakIya kAraNane lIdhe hoya megeDyenIjhane vidvAno samakAlina gaNAve che jyAre ke havAmAnane lIdhe hoya ke tethI 5Na nirALA kAraNane megasthanIjha khuda pote caMdraguptane pitAno purogAmI kahe che. lIdhe heya te judI vastu che. ApaNe te bAbatamAM te sAcuM keNu? ke pachI sekeTasane artha caMdragupta UMDA UtarIne kAMI nizcayapUrvaka uccAraNa karI zakavAnI 22

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170 ] sthatimAM nathI. eTale hAla te A pramANe sArarUpe jaNAvIne, kayuM sthAna kayA rAjAnA samaye, rAjapATa tarIke mAnya rahyAnuM vizeSa saMbhavita che te jo zeAdhI zakAya teA tema karavA kAziSa karIzuM. pAchuM rAjapATa vize AdipurUSa zrImukhe peMThamAM ja gAdI karI hatI te sarvamAnya ane suviddita che eTale tenI carcA karavI nirarthaka che, paraMtu tyAMthI varaMguLa-amarAvatImAM gAdI prathama kayAre laI javAmAM AvI te vivAdabharyuM dekhAya che. atyAre vidvAneJanA moTA bhAganI mAnyatA ema baMdhAI che ke, rANI baLazrIe je nAsikane lekha kAtarAvyA che ane temAM (caturtha paricchede lekha naM. 7) gautamIputre .. [ ekAdazama khaDa pU. 114nA, ane nirmULa karAyAnA eTale amarAvatImAMthI pAchI peMThamAM rAjagAdI AvyAnA samaya i. sa. pU. 13ne, gaNAze paraMtu ApaNe nIcenA pArAmAM sAbita karIzuM ke te mAnyatA bhUlabharelI che. jyAre e vacce kAi paNa prakAranI laDAi jAge che tyAre te kevaLa paisA (jara ) ke sattA ( jamIna ) meLavavA mATe laDAya che evI atyAre je mAnyatA duniyAbharamAM phelAi rahI che, tevuM prAcInakALe nahetuM ja. te ApaNe pu. 1, pR. 7 mAM "jara, jamIna ane jorU te traNe kajIyAnA chevALI je ukti vaparAvA lAgI che, te traNe vastunA samaya paratve, teja pRSNe TIkA naM. 11 mAM vizeSa spaSTikaraNa karI batAvyuM che. je uparathI samajAze ke prAcIna samaye laDAI e pradhAnapaNe jorU nimitte ja thatI hatI. jamIna sattAbhUkhanuM kAraNa tA pAchaLathI temAM umerAyuM che. tenA samaya vahelAmAM vahelA kA tAye i. sa. pU. nI prathama sadIthI I. sa. nI khIjI sadI mUkI zakAya, ane A samaya paNa uttara hiMda vize ja samajavA rahe che ke jyAM paradezIo sAthenA saMparkane lIdhe tevI bhAvanA kAMIka utAvaLe pravezavA pAmI hatI. jyAre dakSiNa hiMda tA AvI athaDAmA ane paradezIonA humalAthI keTalAya vadhAre lAMbA vakhatasudhI tadna alipta rahevA pAmyA hatA; jethI tyAM tevI bhAvanAneA udaya tethI paNa meADA thavA pAme te dekhItuM che. ApaNe atyAre dakSiNa hindane ja prazna vicArI rahyA chIe, eTale kabUla karavuM rahe che ke nahapANe ke tenA pradhAne dakSiNa hinda upara je samaye (i. sa. pU. nI khIjI sadImAM) jIta meLavI hatI te samaye kAMi jamInanI bhUkha naheAtIja. parantu zilAlekhavALA chaThThA paricchedanA upasaMhAramAM jaNAvI gayA pramANe, dhArmika kAraNanA pariNAmarUpa te hatI. vaLI ApaNA A kathanane bIjI aneka rIte TekA paNa maLI rahe che; jemake (1) I. sa. pU 114nI pahelAM keTalAya vakhatapUrve thayela zatavahana vaMzIonI sattA pUrva hiMdamAM jAmI paDI hatI, te ApaNe teonA zilAlekha ane sikkAethI (pu. 2 mAM tRtIya pariccheda ane A pustake pAMcamA tathA chaThTho pira . destroyed the Sakas and restored the glory of " zabdo (lekha naM. 33-35) vAparyA che tenA artha ema besAryAM che ke, nahapANanA samaye tenA jamAI rUSabhadatta tathA pradhAna ayame zatavahanavaMzI upara jIta meLavI (jue lekha naM. 35) tyAM dAna dIdhuM che te eTalA mATe ke (1) jIta karyAMnuM smaraNu-smAraka paNa rahe; (2) tema ja te jagyA prathama zatavahanavaMzIonA kabajAmAM hatI tene-khake rAjagAdI khesavIne cheDI daine dezanA kAI ajJAtasthaLe bhItaramAM laI javI paDI hatI te prasaMga, parAjItapakSane eka moTA kalaMkarUpa gaNAtA rahI sAkSI ApyA kare; (3) tathA A lAgela kalaMka parAjIta pakSamAMnA eka rAjavI gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe gAdIpati banyA bAda svaparAkramathI, pelA vijetA pakSavALA nahapANu kSaharATanuM ane rUSabhadattazakanA svadharmIonu ( nAsika lekha naM. 7mAM jaNAvyA pramANe harAvIne ) jaDamULathI nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhyuM hatuM jethI te kalaMka nirmULa thayela gaNAya. (4) vaLI rAjagAdI je ajJAtasthaLe lai javAmAM AvI hatI tene pAchI asalanA sthAne, tyAMthI thayela bhAMgatoDa samarAvI karIne tema ja te nagarane tadana navuM svarUpa ApIne te laI AvyA hatA ema batAvI zakAya. A pramANe badhA prasaMga gAThavI kADhayA che; chatAM kabUla rAkhIe ke A pramANe ja kharI sthiti hatI, tA zatavahanavaMzIne lAgela kalaMkanA athavA peMThathI gAdI khaseDIne amarAvatI lar3a javAnA samaya i. sa.

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aSTama pariccheda ] pAchuM rAjapATa vize [ 171 cachedathI) jANI zakyA chIe. eTale lagabhaga ekasAIthI tIrthadhAmarUpe mAne, te samajI zakAya tevuM che. A kahI zakAze ke, temaNe rAjya calAvavA sugama thaI prakAre upara nirdiSTa thayela traNe, temaja anya purAvAthI paDe te mATe paiThaNamAMthI kayAranI gAdI pheravIne te sAbita karI zakAya che ke trirazmi zRMgavALA pradezanI pradezamAM lAvI mUkI hatI. ane jo temaja hatuM te pachI laDAIo pAchaLa, rAjakIya nahIM paNa spaSTapaNe dhArmika I. sa. pU. 114 mAM nahapANe jIta meLavavAthI ja Azaya ja rahela hatA. eTale rAjakIya kAraNe -eTale rAjadvArI kAraNane lIdheja-temane rAjapATanuM laDAio laDAyI hovAnI mAnyatA pheravavI rahe che. * sthaLa pheravavuM paDayuM hatuM te prazna ApoApa uDI have pAchA ApaNe mULa viSaya upara AvI jaIe. jAya che. (2) vaLI nahapANa-RSabhadatta ane ame, jyAre paiThamAMthI amarAvatI pradezamAM gAdI pheravyAnuM nAsika, kaherI kArlA ane junnara I. I. vALA i. sa. pU. 114mAM nahIM, paNa te pUrvenA samaye thayuM je pradezamAM zilAlekho kotarAvyA che te sarva pradeza hovAnuM dekhAya che tyAre, tema kyAre banavA pAmyuM hovuM godAvarI chalAno che. A samaye tene govardhanarAmaya joIe te prazna paNa aitihAsika daSTithI ja ukela tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Avato hato ke jyAM trirazmi mAge che. A nakkI karavA mATe, kyA kyA zotaparvatanA girizaMgo AvelAM che. A parvata upara karaNinA vakhatamAM te pradeza, pAsenA rAjavIonI aneka RSi, munio ane tapasvIe guphAomAM vasI, khAsa karIne kolagapatienI-kemake, amarAvatIvALA svAdhyAya karI, Atma kalyANa sAdhatA hatA ane bhAga je kRSNa jIllA tarIke oLakhAvAya che te temane te kArya karatAM chatAM udaranirvAhanI jarAye sAmAnya rIte kaliMganI ANamAM ja raheto Avyo aDacaNa ke muzIbata na paDe te mATe, rAjAo tathA che-evI paristhiti ubhI thavA pAmI hatI ke jyAre, janasamAja aneka prakAre dAna ApI te banne pitA teo potAnA rAjyano vistAra vadhAravAne zaktiupara vahorI letA hatA. A vizenI khAtrI zilA- vAna thayo hoya ! te mudo vicAra paDaze. prasaMgolekhamAM AlekhAyelI hakIkata niHzaMkapaNe ane spaSTa pAta ApaNe te kahI paNa gayA chIe, chatAM samagra paNe ApaNane karI Ape che. (3) trirazmi parvatane rIte eka ja sthAne tenI tapAsa karavI ThIka paDe mATe bIjuM nAma rakSavata (rayAvarta) urphe rUkSa hevAnuM pharIne yAda ApIe. te nIce pramANe - samajAya che ke jyAM te samayanA aneka jaina sAdhuo (1) magadhapati naMda navamAnA samaye I. sa. 5. anazana karI svarge gayAnuM jaina sAhitya graMthamAM 415nI AsapAsa; te vakhata zrImUkha zAtakaraNinA jaNAvAyuM che. vaLI ApaNe sikkAothI tathA anya rAjyane aMta ane gautamIputra yajJazrInA rAjyanI purAvAthI. eTaluM te jANI cUkayA chIe ke nahapANa Adine samaya gaNAze. vigere (pu. 3mAM tenuM vRttAMta) temaja zanavahanavaMzI- (2) kaligapati khAravelanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. AmAMnA keTalAya rAjAo (pu. 2 temanA sikkA tathA 392mAM nIpajyuM tyArathI mAMDIne I. sa. pU. 360mAM A pustake temanAM jIvanavRttAMta juo) jainadharmanuM tenA cedivaMzane aMta Avyo tyAMsudhInA 30-32 yAyIo hatA. eTale teo sarve pitAnA dharmanA varSane gALe; A vakhate magadhapati tarIke caMdragupta anuSThAna karatA RSi-muni-sAdhuonI sarva prakAranI samrATa ane thoDA samaya mATe tenA putra biMdusAranA sagavaDatA sAcave, temaja te sthAnane ati pavitra rAjayane prathama bhAga hovAnuM gaNAze ane AMdhrapati (9) pR.103 TIkAna, u7 thI jaNAze ke vajasarirathA- samrATe jaina dIkSA laI dakSiNa hiMdamAM potAnA guru sAthe varta upara svarge gayA che. tevI ja rIte temanA parivAramAM vihAra karyo hato tyArathI dakSiNa hiMdane A bhAga eka vasenasUri paNa gayA che. are kaho ke, mArca caMdragupta tIrthasthAna tarIke ati khyAtimAM AvI gayA hatA,

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172 ]. pAchuM rAjapATa vize [ ekAdazama khaMDa tarIke, gautamIputra yAtrAno pAchale bhAgazrIkRSNane sAbita thAya che ke, vasatInA rAjaamale ja A A samaya ane varasatazrInA rAjya prathamanAM amarAvatIvALo bhAga-prathamamAM prathama AMdha sAmrAjyamAM 10-12 varSa jeTalo bhAga rokAela gaNAze. Avyo hato. te pradezamAMthI tenA maLI AvatA (3) I. sa. pU. 347 AsapAsa ne te bAda; sikkAthI te vAtane puSTi paNa maLe che. chatAM prazna e te samaye biMdusAranA rAjaamalano pAcho bhAga ubho thAya che ke, teNe mulaka jItI lIdhe-tAbe karyotathA azokane rAjaamala gaNAze. eTale gAdI paNa pheravI nAMkhI ema to na ja kahI upara pramANe traNa samaye, rAjakrAMti thaI hatI zakAya; kemake tevA pheraphAranI agatya jaNAtAM, temaja ema samajAya che. temAMnI prathama veLAe gautamIputra teno amala karatAM karatAM paNa keTalAMya varSa vItI yajJazrI bhale pitAne vilivAyakurasa lekhave che, paraMtu jAya ja; eTale ApaNe vasatazrIne badale tenA putra tenA koI zilAlekha ke sikkA evI bAbatanI khAtrI mAharIputranA samaye rAjagAdI pheravyAnuM nizcitapaNe nathI ApatA ke kRSNA nadIvALA prAMta tenA tAbAmAM mAnIe te tadana sahIsalAmata mArga lIdhe gaNaze.. Avyo hoya. bIjA samaye caMdragupta samrATane prabaLa AkhIe carcAno sAra e thayo ke - pratApI amala cAlu hato. teNe to ulaTuM kaliMgapati- (1) zrImukhe I. sa. pU. 4ra7 mAM piThamAM gAdI khAravelanA vaMzane paNa harAvI dIdhuM hatuM eTaluM ja karIne vaMzanI sthApanA karI hatI. nahIM paNa tenA vaMzane aMta AvatAM, TheTha dakSiNe (2) ane mADharIputra zAtakaraNIe I. sa. pU. kanyAkumArI sudhIne mulaka magadha sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI 317 AsapAsa (athavA tethI paNa vahelI je hoya dIdhuM hatuM. eTale vacce Avato kRSNA nadIvALA te vadasatazrIe I. sa. pU. 347 bAda ja) amarAbhAga to tenI ANamAM ja rahI javA pAmyo hato vatImAM gAdI pheravI nAMkhI hatI. amarAvatImAMthI te sahaja samajI zakAya tevuM che. ane te bAda pAchI paiThamAM kyAre lAvavAnI jarUra paDI hatI te bisArane rAjyaamalanI zarUAtamAM 5. cANakyanI muddo have vicArIzuM. daravaNI hevAthI sAmrAjyanI sthiti majabUtapaNe I. sa. pU. 317thI mAMDIne Asare ame varSa TakI rahI hatI. eTaluM ja nahIM paNa AMdhrapatine sudhI eTale ke I. sa. pU. 114nA arasAmAM jyAre ulaTA magadhanA "bhratyA" tarIke rahevuM paDayuM hatuM, eTale avaMtipati nahapAze AMdhrapatine raMjADavA mAMDayA rAjyavistAra vadhAravAnI temanI sthiti thavA pAmI tyAM sudhImAM, keIe paNa temanA sAmuM joyuM hoya hoya te te vicAra ja kyAM kara rahe che? A tevuM itihAsanA pRSTha noMdhAyuM jaNAtuM nathI; kemake pramANe prathamanA banne samaya bAda jatAM, mAtra te kALa magadhapati azokapachI samrATa priyadarzine trIjAnI ja vicAraNA karavI rahe che. te vakhate paM. gAhI ja avaMtimAM ANI hatI eTale ke, magadhane cANakyanuM maraNa thaI gayuM hatuM ane magadha sAmrAjya badale have avaMti sAmrAjyanI hAkala vAgavA mAMDI yAM ne tyAM baLavA jevI sthiti thaI javA pAmI hatI. A priyadarzine je ke dakSiNa hiMdanA nAkA hatI. eTale samajI zakAya tema che ke, vadasAtamI sudhInA pradeza pitAnI sattAmAM Aryo hato, paraMtu malikazrI zAtakaraNie kRSNanadInA mukhavALe bhAga te akendrita rAjyanI bhAvanAvALo hovAthI teNe tAbe pitAnI sattAmAM laI lIdhuM hoya. A viSenI ThIka- karela sarva mulakanA rAjavIone temanA mULa sthAne ThIka carcA ApaNe pR. 64-65 upara paNa karI punaHsthApita karI dIdhA hatA. eTale tevA saMjogomAM cUkyA chIe ke je sthitine lIdhe samrATa azoka- AMdhrapatie bhale bhatyA kahevAtA hatA paraMtu temane vadhanane, silona jatA bAda sAdhanA maMDaLane rAjagAdI pheravavI paDI hatI ja. priyadazina pachI mahAnadInA mukha pAsethI vidAya devI paDI hatI. eTale mairyavaMzanI paDatI thavA mAMDI hatI ane te bAda

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aSTama paricheda ] pAchuM rAjapATa vize [ 173 zaMgavaMzanI sattA avaMtipati tarIke daDha thaI hatI. cAlI lAgatI nathI; chatAM jyAre naM. 23 pachI ne. 24 temano itihAsa jANI cukyA chIe ke temanI sattA gAdIe Avyo ane tenuM maraNa paNa I. sa. 99mAM uttarahiMdamAM ja prasarI rahI hatI. te bAda nahapANa nIpajatAM naM. 25 vALo catrapaNu vAsiSThaputra zAtakSaharATana rAjaamala 40 varSa sudhI avaMti upara karaNI AMdhrapati tarIke Avyo, tyAre teNe jera TakavA pAmyA hatA. tenA samaye AMdhrapatinI sAthe pakaDayuM lAge che, kemake A samaye avaMti ane TA bakheDA thavA pAmyA hatA ane nAsika jIllAnI saurASTra upara je gardabhIlo hakumata calAvatA hatA keTalIka jamIna temane gumAvavI paDI hatI teTaluM kharuM te nabaLA mAlUma paDayA che (juo pu. 4 temanAM (jIe tenA vRttAMte-tathA zilAlekha naM. 03-35), vRttAMta). eTale I. sa. 105nA arasAmAM paiThapati parantu rAjanagara amarAvatIvALuM sthAna to tadana catrapaNe, pAsene gujarAta tathA tenI joDAjoDane nirbhaya ja rahevA pAmyuM hatuM. eTale tyAM sudhI rAjagAdI sorASTravALo pradeza gardabhIlo pAsethI jItI laI, tene te ja sthAna upara hatI ema nirvivAditapaNe AMdha sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhe samajAya che. (juo sAbIta thaI gayuM gaNAze. lekha naM. 18). gujarAta ane sairASTra A nahapANa pachI avaMti upara gardabhIla vaMzanI avasthAmAM lagabhaga I. sa. 142 sudhI rahevA pAmyAM sattA AvI che. temanI sAthe zatavahanavaMzIone gADha che. teTalAmAM (juo naM. 25nA sikko . 76) te mitrAcArI hovAthI, temanI sattA upara bIlakula kApa daramiyAna naM. 25 nI jagyAe tenA putra naM. 26 nuM paDavA jevuM bane te asaMbhavita che, ulaTuM prasaMgopAta rAjya zarU thaI gayuM hatuM ane samajAya che ke te, Arma zAtavahanavaMzIo gardabhIlone rAjakAraNamAM jarUra kAMIka moTI uMmare ja gAdIe AvyAM hatA ane paDatAM, paDakhe ubhA rahyAnAM dRSTate noMdhAyAM jaDI Ave gardabhIlo nabaLA hovAthI koI tene chaMcheDe tevuM rahyuM che. tema vaLI bane jainadharma pALatA hatA eTale paNa nahetuM; jethI tenuM rAjya kAMIka lAMbuM ane nirbhaya rIte kAIne eka bIjA upara AkramaNa laI javAnuM kAraNa cAlavA pAmyuM hatuM. vaLI lagabhaga 60-65 varSanI maLavA zakya nathI. A sthiti emane ema naM. 23 upara jaIda paNa thaI gayo hato. teTalAmAM gardabhIla vALA zIvAsvAtinA AraMbhakALa sudhI TakI rahevA pAsethI avaMti paDAvI laI, avaMtipati tarIke mahApAmI dekhAya che. tene janma daMtakathA pramANe daivI kSatrapa caSThaNa sattAdhIza banyo hato. teNe rAjApada dhAraNa saMyogamAM thayela hovAthI tenA samaye jabaradasta karIne gujarAta ane saurASTrane je bhAga pUrve dharmakAMti thaI hovAnuM lekhavuM rahe che (juo AgaLanA avaMtinA tAbe hatA te AMdhrapati pAsethI jyAM sudhI parima naM. 7 nuM jIvanavRttAMta) ane tethI rAjyadharma choDAvI lIdho tyAMsudhI paNa AMdhrapatione piMThamAMthI tarIke vaidika dharma svIkArAyo che. jethI svabhAvika gAdI pheravavAnuM kAraNa maLyuM nahatuM ja. paraMtu caThaNanI che ke, je mitrAcArI gardabhIlapatio sAthe zAta- jagyAe mahAkSatrapa rudradAmane AvyA ane ne. 25nuM vahanane cAlI AvatI hatI temAM bhaMgANa paDavA sthAna naM. 26 vALAe lIdhuM ke tarata ja, rUdradAmane lAgyuM hatuM. eTale saMbhavita che ke, A zIvAsvAtie saurASTranI uttare Avela kacha paNa jItI laI pote gAdI amarAvatImAMthI khaseDIne, gardabhIlanI sarahada yuvAna, mahattvAkAMkSI tathA parAkramI hovAthI dakSiNanI upara humalo laI javAne sagavaDa paDe te hetathI, bannenI jIta meLavavA pitAnuM sarva lakSa ApavA mAMDayuM, ane hadanI bane teTalI najIkanI jagyAe, paNa pitAnI temAM khUba phAvyo paNa lAge che. laDAImAM I. sa. 155 hakamatamAM gaNAya tema, pAchI paMThamAM ANI haze paraMtu te AsapAsamAM hArI javAthI paiTha khAlI karIne pAchA samaye mahAprabhAvazALI ane parAkramI gaIbhIlo gAdI dakSiNamAM TheTha tuMgabhadrA nadInA kAMThe, vaijayaMtI urphe upara hevAthI, A zatavahanavaMzInI bahu kArigIrI vijayanagaramAM naM. 27 AMdhrapatine pitAnI rAjagAdI

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174 ] pAchuM rAjapaTa vize [ ekAdarAma khaMDa sthApavI paDI hatI. te bAda te AMdhrapationI lAvavI paDI. eTale amarAvatIe lagabhaga cAra sadI paDatI ja thavA mAMDI che. balake je avazeSa bhUpati sudhI rAjanagara tarIkenuM sthAna zobhAvyuM gaNAya. rahyA hatA temAM paNa be phAMTAo paDI gayA che, je banavAjoga che ke, te samaye paNa, saMyoganI anukULatAe pUrva ane pazcimanI zAkhA tarIke ItihAsamAM prasiddhine avAranavAra peTha javuM AvavuM thatuM haze, paraMtu gAdI sthAna pAmyA che. ApaNe te vAta sAthe nisbata nathI. je to amarAvatI ja hatuM. kahevAnuM che te eTaluM ja ke, paiThamAMthI gAdI Asare (4) chevaTe paiDamAMthI rAjapATa I. sa. 155 I. sa. 155 bAda thoDA ja samayamAM uThAvI levI AsapAsa haMmezane mATe khasI javA pAmyuM che. eTale paDI che. AkhAe vivecanane sAra A pramANe bIjI vakhata paiThanagare lagabhaga pANIsadI ja jAhekarI zakAze - , jalAlI bhogavI che. paraMtu banne vakhata maLIne paiTha (1) paiThamAM rAjagAdI, I. sa. pU. 427mAM nagare 11+70=180 athavA bahu to baso varSa rAjA zrImukhe karI. sudhI rAjanagaranuM bahu mAnavaMtu pada dhAraNa karI rAkhyuM (2) te bAda rAjavistAra vadhavAthI I. sa. pU. hatuM, jyAre amarAvatIe te tethI bamaNuM eTale 317nI AsapAsa, naM. 5 vALA rAjAnA samaye cAraso varSanI mudata sudhI te mAna bhegavyuM che. paraMtu amarAvatImAM gAdI laI javAI eTale ke paiThe 110 varSa zAtavahananI Adi tathA aMta, banne vakhate piMThamAM ja sudhI rAjapATanuM mAna bhogavyuM. gAdInuM sthAna hovAthI, ItihAsamAM sAmAnya rIte (3) te bAda naM. 23nA samaye I. sa. 70 AMdhrapatione, paiTha-paiThaNavAsI athavA tenuM purANuMnAma AsapAsa, pAchI rAjagAdI paiThamAM, nahIM ke rAjavistAra pratiSThAnapura hovAthI, te nAmathI ja oLakhAvavAmAM ghaTavAne lIdhe paraMtu rAjakIya sagavaDatA sAcavavA mATe AvyA kare che.

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- 1 J:TLJIghaily''''ke, navama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(6) gautamiputra sakaMdhastaMbha uphe kRSNabIje tenA samaya ane uMmaranI karelI carcA-priyadarzine ubhA karela maskinA zilAlekhanA kAraNanI tathA sAthe sAthe tenA samayanI ApelI samajUti-tathA tenA nAma sAthe tene kalpI zakAte saMbaMdha-priyadarzina sAthe ubhI thayelI athaDAmaNanA kAraNanI Apela vigata, tathA nIpajela pariNAmanuM karAvela digdarzana- (7) vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi urphe zatavahana sAtamo tenAM nAma, uMmara tathA parivAra vize karelA vivAda-pitAnA pUrvajonA paLAyA AvatA dharmamAM teNe karela palaTo ane ubhA thayela saMgonuM kareluM vivecana; te uparathI teNe daraveluM pitAnuM zeSa jIvana-te samaye thayela dharmakrAMtinuM vigatavAra Apela varNana ane temAMthI pariNamela rAjakIya banAvenuM lIdhela avalekana-zAtakaraNi vaMzamAM vaparAyala keTalAMka vizeSa upanAmenI Apela samajUti-tenA rAjya vistAranuM Apela : varNana ane priyadarzine pitAnA zilAlekhamAM vAparela (Bordering lands) bAraDarIMga lenDajhavALA zabdane atyAra sudhI cAlI Avate artha, ke bramajanaka che tene Apela khulAse-tenA rAjyanI eka sarvopari viziSTatAnuM ApeluM rahasya-tenI ane paMDita pataMjalinI baMdhAyelI mitrAcArIe parasparamAM bhajavela bhAga ane keTalIka tulanAnuM varNana

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176 ] gautamIputranAM samaya, nAma, tathA umara [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaza (cAlu) (6) gaitamIputra saMdharastaMbha urphe kRSNamIjo sarve purANAmAM tene samaya 18 varSanA ApyA che. eTale ApaNe temAM pheraphAra karavA kAraNa rahetuM nathI. te hiMsAme tene samaya I. sa. tenAM samaya, nAma, pU. 299 thI 281=18 varSane tathA mara gaNavA rahe che. jo ke keTalAka vAsiSThaputra che te darzAvyuM . hAta paNa tema karAyuM nathI; uparAMta naM. 3 vALAnA samaye priyadarzinane urdUbhava paNa thayA nahAtA. A be saMyeAgane lIdhe naM. 3vALA kRSNanA A sikko na heAvAnuM nakkI karavuM paDayuM. pachI priyadarzinanA samakAlinapaNAye krANu kANu thayuM hoya te zodhI kADhavA tarapha dhyAna dorAyuM. te samaye naM. 6 ane naM cha vALA e bhUpati ja thayA che. temAM naM. 7 vALAnuM nAma paNa spaSTa rIte vAMsiputra kAraNavazAt te AMkane eka varSa vahelA moDA karI 300 thI 282 athavA tA AtakaraNa ja sarva ThekANe lakhAyAnuM jaNAyuM che eTale 299 thI 280 sudhIne TharAvavA ane tema karavAthI pUrve thaI gayalAnA samayamAM paNa yathAyeAgya sudhArA vadhArA karI levA, prathama jarUriyAta lAgI hatI. paraMtu aneka vicAraNAnA aMte ( satara varSa upara ceDA mahInA lekhI aDhAra varSa rAjya cAlyAnuM gaNI 29 thI 282-1 nA samaya ja pArka paNe mAnavAnuM TharAvavuM paDayuM che. je hakIkata AgaLa upara AvavAnI tene paNa bAkAta karavA paDayA. pachI naM, 6 ekalAnI ja vicAraNA karavI rahI ane te upanAma tenuMja heAvAnuM lagabhaga dareka rIte suyeAgya lAgyuM che; kemake priyadarzita rthana maLe che ( jenI hakIkata AgaLa ApavAmAM kAtarAvela dhaulI-jAgauDAnA lekhathI paNa tene samaAvI che), sikkAmAM hAthI pazu che, tenA maraNanA samayane meLa paNa khAtA jAya che, tema maskinA zilAlekhanuM sthaLa tathA alhAbAdanA staMbha lekhamAM ) che eTale ahIM mAtra tenA ullekha karIne ja AgaLa vadhIzuM. tenI uMmara vize kayAMya sUcana thayAnuM jo ke vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI paraMtu sarva paristhitinA vicAra karatAM te pazu gAdIe mAnyeA haiAya tyAre 40-45 nI uMmaranA heAvAnuM samajAya che. eTale tenuM AyuSya 60 varSanI lagabhaganuM gaNavuM rahe che. krAMtarAyalI hakIkata paNu, te kalpanAne majabUtI ApatI dekhAya che. AvAM anekavidha kAraNAne lIdhe naM. 6 vALAnuM nAmaja kRSNa hAvAnuM nizcitapaNe TharAvavuM paDayuM che. vaLI te ja nAmanA eka rAjA AgaLa thaI gayA haiAvAthI AnuM nAma kRSNakhIjo rAkhavuM joie te dekhItuM ja che. uparAMta eka. pachI eka gAdie AvatA rAjAo, sAmAnya rIte pitA-putranA sagapaNe ja joDAyalA hAya che, ane pitA je gAtranI kanyA paraNe te ja geAtranI kanyA,putra banatAM sudhI paraNI zakatA nathI; kemake tema karavA jatAM, putrane tenI mAtRpakSanA sagAinI gUcamAM AvI javuM paDe che. A e prakAranA niyamane dhyAnamAM rAkhIne ema TharAvavuM paDayuM che ke, naM. 5 vALA jyAre mADharIputra . che ane naM. 7 vALA vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi che, tyAre A naM. 6vALAne A vaMzanA aneka anya bhUpationI peThe gautamIputra zAtakaraNa tarIke lekhavAmAM kAMi ayukta nahIM jaNAya. temaja naM. 3 vALA tene nAmerI vAsiSThaputra lekhAya che tyAre A dvitIya nAmadhArIne pUrvanAthI alaga pADavAne gautamIputranuM upanAma tenuM ullADuM nAma skaMdhastaMbha hatuM ja, kemake sarve purANA te vize saMmata dekhAya che. jyAre gautamIputra ane kRSNavALAM nAma, ame saMjogAdhina joDI kADhamAM che te A pramANe che. pu. 2mAM tRtIya paricchede sikkA naM. 62 nuM varNana ApyuM che. te uparathI samajAya che ke, temAM samrATa priyadarzinanuM sAMketika cihna je hAthInuM hatuM te savaLI khAju kAtarAyuM che. eTale rAjA kRSNa te priyadarzinanA bhRtya kare che teTaluM 'cesa thayuM. pachI eTaluM ja vicAravuM rahyuM ke te kRSNe krANu ? naM. 3 vALAnuM nAma paNa te ja che, te A kRSNa vaLI kANu ? jo naM. 3 vALeA ja kRSNa kahevAmAM tAtparya haiAta tA tenuM vizeSaNa je

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navama paricacheda ] maskinA zilAlekhanuM kAraNa [ 177 joDavuM vadhAre anukULa lekhAya tema che, ke jethI je krodha pAmavAnuM kAraNa na maLyuM heta te, jema anya oLakhamAM paNa sagavaDatA sacavAya che. kevA saMjogomAM ThekANe "reinstated-punaH te sthAne sthApita karyA" tenAM nAma jaDI AvyAM che tene khUlAso have samajAI zabda vAparyA che tema atra paNa teja zabdo vAparIne gayo haze. saMtoSa pAmata; eTale ke dehAMtadaMDa ApavAnI jayAre pote tenuM nAma kRSNa kema paDayuM hoya te vize vicAra IcchA vyakta karI che tyAre teNe vAparelA A karatAM eka bIje aitihAsika prasaMga paNa yAda Ave che. zabdothI, zAtakaraNie karela dagAnI gaMbhIratAnuM mApa sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti ke je samrATa priyadarzinanA paNa kADhI zakAya che (A prasaMga zuM hoI zake te bhAI zAlizake kAtarAvyAnuM ApaNe have sAbita karI ApaNe have pachI jaNAvavAnA chIe ); ane ApaNe AvyuM che. temAMnI hakIkata tathA khuda priyadarzine jANIe chIe ke keTalIka vakhate vyaktionA upakotarAvela ghelI-jAgauDAnA zilAlekhanI hakIkata- nAmo tenAmAM rahela guNane AzrayIne joDAI kADhela A prakAre babe zilAlekhamAM varNavAyelI hakIkata mAMthI hoya che. kRSNa eTale kALu-raMgamAM kALuM tema bhAvathI ekaja dhvani nIkaLate jaNAya che ke, priyadarzine ane apekSAthI paNa kALuM; eTale meluM, kapaTabhareluM, "without treachery, after throughly kALuM jenuM vartana che te purUSa, te jANu. jo ke conquering Satakarni, he let him go A te tenA saMbaMdhamAM banela banAva uparathI ApaNe alive owing to close relationship=kaI kalpanA upajAvI kADhI che paraMtu eka rIte te sAcI paNa prakArano dago phaTake ramyA vinA, priyadarzine TharatI nathI kemake, tenuM kRSNa zatakaraNi evuM nAma zAtakaraNine saMpUrNa rIte jItI lIdho hato, chatAM ke upanAma vaparAyuM che te to teNe pote ja vAparyuM che, ghaNa ja nikaTanA sagapaNane lIdhe tene jIvate javA tenA karatAM anya koIe vAparyuM hota to, tene dIdhA hatA." eTale evI matalaba thaI ke pote je prakAre ApaNe jarUra vathANuor: tathAnAmAni gaNI leta; eTale laDAI laDayo che tene mATe priyadarzine "without bahu bahu te ApaNe cAnAmAni tathALaka tarIke treachery=dagophaTake karyA vinA" zabda vAparyo A prasaMgane je kevaLa lekhAvI zakIe. che, paraMtu sAmA pakSe eTale zAtakaraNie dagophaTake samrATa priyadarzinanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che karyo have joIe ema tenA kahevAne tAtparya thAya ke nAnA yA moTA khaDakalekho kAIne kAInA samAdhiche. vaLI A hakIkata sAcI hovAnuM tenA ja zabdothI sthAne sUcavavA pUratA che. temAMye pUravAra thAya che, teNe cekhuM jaNAvyuM che ke rAjA maskinA zilA- pitAnA dharmanA mahApurUSa evA zAtakaraNie laDAImAM ramela ramatathI pite eTale lekhanuM kAraNa tIrthakara je sthaLe nirvANapadane badho krodhAnvita thayo hato ke, je sagapaNa ADuM ne pAmyA che, tyAM moTA khaDakalekha AvyuM hota to jarUra tene dehAMtane pamADayo heta. ane pitAnA kuTuMbIjane je sthaLe maraNa pAmyA - (1) vadhAre uMDA abhyAsathI have te mAlUma paDayuM chesAthe mahAkSatrapa rUdradAmanane saMbaMdha hovAnuM manAI gayuM che. ke, pu. 2, sikkA naM. 64) teNe pote ja gautamIputra tarIke tema. rUdradAmanano saMbaMdha eTalA pUrate khare ke, teNe te ja patAne oLakhAvyo che jethI ApaNuM anumAna have satya sthAne samrATa priyadarzinanI sarakhAmaNImAM pitAne mUtAM hakIkta tarIke sAbita thaI jAya che. potAnA taraphathI prazaMsA karatAM vAkyo uccAravAM paDyAM che (2) A sthiti paNa e ja khAtrI karI Ape che ke, (A hakIkata pu. 2 mAM sudarzana taLAvanA pariziSTamAM sudarzana taLAva ane dhaulIgauDAnA lekhanI hakIkta sAthe tathA pu. 4 mAM rUdradAmananAM jIvanavRttAMte ghaNuM ja spaSTa priyadarzinane ja saMbaMdha che, nahi ke jema sudarzananI prazasti rIte sAbita karI batAvI che).

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18 ] - marikanA zilAlekhanuM kAraNa [ ekAdazama khaMDa hoya tevA sthAna upara, nAnA khaDakhale teNe ubhA ekIkaraNa karatAM spaSTa thaI jAya che ke, priyadarzina karAvyA che, je sthAne tenA dharmanA chellA tIrthaMkara ane zAtakaraNi vacce makisthaLe (ke AsapAsa) yuddha zrI mahAvIrane potAnI jIvaMta avasthAmAM aneka ramAyuM haze, jemAM priyadarzinanuM aMgata mANasa maraNa muzkelIo-jaina paribhASAmAM upasargo kahevAya che te- pAmyuM haze. vaLI te maraNa nIpajAvavAmAM zAtakaraNie bhogavavI paDI che, te sthAna upara staMbhalekha ubhA bhayaMkara rIte koIne koI jAtanI prapaMca jALa pAtharI karAvI tenI Toca upara zrI mahAvIrane oLakhAvatuM hevI joIe. ATaluM nakkI karyA bAda te aMgata saNuM je ciha-laMchana-siMha che te gAThavyuM che. A pramANe keNa hoI zake te prazna vicAro rahe che. ApaNe sAbita karI batAvyuM che. A kathanathI eTaluM pU. ramAM azAkavardhana ane priyadarzinanAM ! pratipAdita thayuM ke, maskisthaLane lekha nAnA khaDakAkAre lakhatAM vidhavidha kalpanA karIne, te te samrATanA kaI hoI te sthAna upara priyadarzinanuM koI aMgata saguM putra ke bhAI hovAnuM nAma sUcavyuM che. paraMtu atra maraNa pAmyuM haze. A sthAnanI jagyA vartamAnakALe varNavAyelI hakIkata uparathI samajAya che ke, temAM nijhAmarAja, rAyapura jIllAmAM AvelI che; jema te azokavardhananA keI sagAM karatAM priyadarzinanuM saguM ja samaye zAtakaraNinA rAjya vistAramAM tene samAveza saMDovAyeluM hovuM joIe. te te saguM karyuM haze ? alhAbAda thata hatuM, tema te samaye zAtakaraNine tAbe kaliMgadeza kauzaMbInA staMbhalekhamAM kuMvara tivala ane cArUvAkInAM paNa hato, tethI temane kaliMgapati paNa kahevAmAM nAma Ave che. priyadarzinanA kuTuMba parivAranuM varNana AvatA. matalaba ke maskinuM sthaLa ane kaliMgadeza- karatAM pu. 2, pR. 296 ane tenI TIkAomAM ApaNe bane zAtakaraNinI sattAmAM hatA. kaliMgadezamAM Avela isAre paNa karyo che ke, AvAM nAma jotAM te, teo dhaulI-jAgauDAnA zilAlekhamAM, priyadarzine be vakhata dakSiNanA svAmI AMdhrapatinI bahena ane tene putra zAtakaraNine harAvyAno je ullekha karela che, temAM hovAnuM saMbhavita che. vaLI vidvAnanuM maMtavya thayuM che eka prasaMga upara jaNAvela maskinA sthaLe banyo ke (smitha azaka, pR. 198, TI. naM. 33) A kumAra hevAnuM, ane bIjo kaliMganI bhUmi upara banyo tivalanuM maraNa nIpajyuM hovuM joIe, kemake te gAdI hovAnuM, mAnavuM rahe che. kaliMganI bhUmi upara zA mATe upara Avyo nathI. A badhA saMyogo evA anumAna yuddha thayuM hatuM te AgaLa upara varNavavAnuM che eTale upara laI jAya che ke, maskinA sthaLasAthe priyaahIM te maskine aMge ja banela hakIkata jaNAvIzuM. darzinanI rANI cArUvAkI ke kumAra tivalane jarUra sabaMdha Ane vicAra karatAM, gata pArigrAphe tenuM nAma kRSNa hovo joIe. A anumAnane vaLI bIjI rIte puSTI kema pADavAmAM AvyuM haze te bAbatane IsAra karI gayA maLe che. priyadarzina-urphe saMpratie potAnI kRtiochIe te prasaMga smaraNamAM tarI Ave che. te prasaMgane mAMnI keTalIkamAM tenA kartA tarIke potAnuM nAma ApyuM samrATe rAjaprapaMca tarIke lekhAvyo che tathA pote che, jyAre keTalAkamAM pitAnuM nAma jaNAvyuM ja nathI; krodhamAM tene mArI nAMkhyo hota, paraMtu aMgata saMbaMdhane ane teno khulAso karatAM ame ema jaNAvyuM che ke, lIdhe jIvatA mUkI dIdhAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM che. bIjI samrATa azoka jyAM sudhI jIvatA hatA tyAM sudhI bAjI maskinA sthaLe kaI aMgata saMbaMdhIjananuM maraNa (I. sa. pU. 271=ma. saM. 256 pitAne rAjyakALe nIpajyuM hovAnuM jaNAvI gayA chIe. A badhAnuM 19 varSa bAda) teNe je karAvAyuM che temAM, pitAnA (3) jyAM yugapurANanA AdhAre (juo pu. 4mAM pR.20, uparathI temane rAjya vistAra nakI karIne pUravAra karyuM che ke, TI. na. 22) kaliMgapatine 'zAta' tarIke oLakhAvyo che. vaLI kaliMgadeza temane tAbe hatA, tethI zAta rAjAone kaliMgaA na, 4, 5, 6, 7 I. rAjAonA maLI Avela sikkA pati paNa kahevAmAM AvatA hatA.

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navama paricacheda ] maskinA lekhane samaya [ 179 dAdA azoka pratyenI mAnamaryAdA sAcavIne, kartA tarIke prasaMge ItihAsamAMthI jaDI Ave che. pitAnuM nAma jaNAvyuM ja nathI, paNa dAdAnA maraNa bAda A dhastaMbhane rAjyaamala ra99thI 282-1 ja teNe pitAnuM nAma kartA tarIke dAkhala karyuM che; ane sudhIne gaNAvyo che. ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke tenA pUrAvAmAM kahI zakAze ke saMpratie potAnA uttarahiMdamAM te samaye samrATa dAdAnI haiyAtimAM eTale pitAnA rAjyakALa cha varSa maskinA lekhane azokanuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. bAda, sAtathI AThamA varSe (juo khaDalekha naM. 1.). samaya azokane rAjyanI tathA gRhakalekaroDonI saMkhyAmAM mUtio bharAyelI hovA chatAM, eke zanI aneka jaMjALane lIdhe upara tenuM nAma dekhAtuM nathI. mAtra zoTsa e uttarahiMdamAM ja gUMcavAI rahevuM paDayuM hatuM, jethI dakSiNachaThThIvibhaktino prayoga karIne thoDI jagyA khAlI mUkI hiMdamAM zuM banI rahyuM hatuM te AMkha UMcI karIne dIdhI che ne tene khulAso karatAM ame (pu. 2, pR.42) nihALavA jeTalI paNa. tene paDI nahatI. eTale tenA ema jaNAvyuM che ke, nattA, vaMga, UMtra ke uttarAdhikArI rAjyano I. sa. pU. 289mAM aMta Avyo ne samrATa athavA tenA ja bhAvArthavALA zabda te ThekANe adhyAhAra priyadarzina gAdIe AvyA tyAMsudhI te aMdhastaMbhane rakhA hovo joIe. te anumAnane have ave kaI AMgaLI cIMdhI zakayuM nahotuM. tema pripradezane vaNavAyelA prasaMgathI majabUtI maLI jAya che; kemake pitAnA rAjya amalanA prathamanA 290thI284 sudhInA maskinA yuddhano samaya samrATa azokanA cha varSa. uttarahiMda ane hiMdanI bahAranA mulakapara jIta jIvanakALe ja banI gayA che, ne temAM aMgata sagAnuM meLavavAmAM pasAra karyA hatA, te pu. ramAM jaNAvI maraNa nIpajyuM hovAthI, niyama pramANe priyadarzine gayA chIe. eTale 284nA aMta sudhI paNa skaMdhapitAnuM nAma jaNAvavA upekSAvRtti ja sevI che. staMbhanuM svataMtrapaNuM ekadhAruM jaLavAI rahyuM hatuM. have AkhIye carcAne niceDa e kahevAze ke, rANI cArUvAkI priyadarzine dakSiNahiMda jItavA tarapha lakSa deDAvyuM ane ke kumAra tivalanA maraNanA sthAne samrATa priyadarzine te kArya paNa aDhIvarSamAM teNe saMpUrNa karyA hovAnuM maskinA lekha ubho karAvyo che. tenA zilAlekha uparathI jaNAya che. eTale spaSTa thaI * A nirNayamAMthI be peTA savAla uThe cheH (1) jAya che ke, 284thI mAMDIne 282-1mAM skaMdhastaMbhanuM sagAnuM maraNa paheluM thayuM ane pachI zAtakaraNi sAthe maraNa nIpajyuM che, tyAMsudhInA gALAmAM ja tene priyapriyadarzinane yuddha AdaravuM paDayuM che ke, yuddha zarU thayA dazananI sAthe yuddha karavAnuM ane pariNAme tenA bAda laDAImAM maraNa thayuM che. (2) zAtakaraNi pitAnAM bhatya banavAnuM thayuM hoya; tema tenA skaMdhastaMbhanA sikkA sagAM (rANInuM maraNa thayuM hoya te bahenanuM, ane paNa samarthana kare che ke, te samrATa priyadarzinane khaMDiyo kumAranuM maraNa thayuM hoya te bhANejanuM)nuM maraNa nI thayo hato. have vicArIe ke A prasaMga, kema ane jAvavA kAvataruM kare kharuM? bemAMthI eke praznane lIdhe, kyAre, ubho thavA pAmyo hato? ApaNe karela mULa nirNayane japhA pahoMcatI nathI; priyadarzinanA kaliMganA zilAlekhathI jANI cUkyA chatAM uThela praznone uttara vALavAmAM koI ja vAMdho chIe ke teNe be vakhata zAtakaraNine jItyo hato ne dekhAtuM nathI ke, yuddha zarU thayA bAda sagAMnu maraNa sagapaNane lIdhe jIvato javA dIdho hato. A lekhamAM thayuM hovuM joIe. temaja bahena ke bhANejanuM maraNa AlekhelI hakIkata tenA rAjya navamA varSe eTale nipaje evuM kAvatru racavAne rAjakIya khaTapaTamAM I. sa. pU. 281mAM banavA pAmI che. prazna e vicAravA mANasanuM aMtaHkaraNa bahu khatuM hetuM nathI. evA ghaNuM rahe che ke, A yuddhamAM je zatakaraNine harAvyuM che 4) AgaLa upara na. 7 nA vRttAMte te sAbita karAyuM che te juo,

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180 ] uparanA prasagA banavAnAM kAraNa [ ekAdazama khaMDa tene ja khIjI vakhatanuM yuddha gaNavAnuM che ke te sivAya jethI uzkerAIne krodhamAM priyadarzine pharIthI caDAI e yuddha thai gayAM hatAM, te AtA trIjuM gaNavAnuM che ? karI, temAM paNa skaMdhastaMbhane harAvyA. A vakhata vaLI uparanA pArAmAM jaNAvyuM che ke, zAtakaraNitA kAvatrAnI zikSA karavA mATe tene mArI ja skaMdhastaMbhanuM maraNu ja 282-1 mAM nIpajyuM hatuM te| nAMkhata paraMtu, najIkanI sagAine lIdhe jIvatA mUkI tenuM maraNa thayuM te yuddhane lIdhe ke kudaratI kAraNe ? A dIdhA; I. sa. pU. 282nI AdimAM. karmasaMyeAge te pramANe bhinna bhinna muddA vicAravA paDaze. yuddhanA khAda thADA vakhatamAM I. sa. pU. 282nA aMte kudaratI pariNAmamAM tA jIvatA javA dIdhAnI hakIkata spaSTa rIte tenuM maraNu nIpajyuM; eTale tenI gAdie I. darzAvelI che eTale tenuM maraNa kudaratI saMyeAgeAmAM ja sa. pU. 282nA aMte naM. cha vALe gAdI upara AvyeA. thayuM gaNavuM paDaro. mAtra ane prasaMganI ( tenA mara- teNe paNa priyadarzinane caDAI karavAnuM kAraNa ApyuM (zuM NunI ane kaliMganA yuddhanI) sAla 281 nI maLI kAraNu te AgaLa joizuM eTale phIne laDAI thaI). gaI che te teA kAkatAliya nyAye banavA pAmyuM lAge A vakhate kaliMganI bhUmi upara yuddha khelAyuM, jene che. A pramANe eka vAtanA praznanA phaDacA thai gayA. natIjo naM. chanI hAramAM AvyA. teNe khaMDiyApaNuM have e yuddha thayAM ke traNa te muddo vicArIe. game svIkAryuM ane samrAT priyadarzine yuddhanA saMhAranuM dasya teTalAM yuddha thayAM mAne, te ye te sarvenA samaya te khamI na zakavAthI, vinA kAraNe manuSyahatyA na karavAnuM 284 thI 282 sudhInA aDhI ke traNa varSanAM vRtta lIdhuM. A rIte sarva praznane tADa je sugamamAM. gALAmAM ja che eTaluM tA nakkI che ja. vaLI priya-sugama rIte kADhI zakAya te pramANe kADhI khatAnyeA che. darzinanA vRttAMtathI jANItA thayA chIe ke, dakSiNanI sAra e thayeA ke, maskinA lekha je kAraNane laIne jIta pUrI karyA bAda te atimAM AvI gayA hatA ubhA karavAmAM AvyA che te prasaMga i. sa. pU. 282 ne pachI pharIne kaliMgamAM javuM paDayuM hatuM. eTale arthamAM banavA pAmyA hatA. vaLI jyAre sudarzana taLAvanI e thayA ke, zatakaraNanI sAthe thayela judAM judAM prazastimAM ane kaliMganA lekhamAM, e vakhata zAtayuddhanI vacce kAMika yuddhavirAmanA samaya paNa thavA karaNane harAvIne jIvatA javA dIdhAnI hakIkata darzAvAi pAmyA hatA. vaLI svabhAvika che ke, eka yuddhane khIjA che, tyAre mAnavuM raheze ke sudarzana taLAvaneA baMdha je yuddhathI chUTuM pADavA mATe--chUTA tarIke gaNutrImAM levA priyadazinanA bhAI zAlizuke saurASTranA sUbA tarIke mATe--paNu kAMIka samaya yuddhavirAma tarIke pasAra thavA ja samarAjyeA che tene samaya paNa I. sa. pU. 282 joie; teA AvI rIte jyAM yuvirAmanA samayanI bAdanA ja ane liMganA yuddhanA samaya paNa I. sa. gaNunA karavAnI hAya tyAM e aDhI varSAmAM jema pU. 282 khAdanA ja puravAra thaI jAya che. ane teTalAM yuddha ochAM thayAnuM ja mAnavuM paDe. jethI traNane badale e yuddha ja thayAM hAvAnuM mAnavuM rahe; paNa kaliMgalekhamAM tA sAk jaNAvyuM che ke pUrve khe vakhata jIvatA javA dIdhA hatA. eTale ke traNa vakhata yuddha thayuM hatuM. A badhI hakIkatanA kharAkhara meLa jAmI zake te mATe ema TharAvavuM rahe che ke, paheluM yuddha I. sa. pU. 284nA aMte thayuM gaNavuM. te khAda cha mAsa te avaMti gayA; i. sa. pU. 283 nI AdimAM. daramiyAna kAvatrAnA bhAgamAM maskinA sthaLe kumAra tivalanuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 287nA aMte thayuM, gata pArigrAphe e aDhI varSamAM samrATa priyadarzinane kaliMgapati rAjA zAtakaraNa naM. 6 ane naM. 7 sAthe traNa jeTalAM yuddha laDavA paDavAnI uparanA prasaMgeA hakIkata lakhatAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, banavAnAM kAraNa tenAM kAraNanI samAlAcanA have pachI laIzuM. eTale jyAre kAryanA itakhAkha devAyA che tyAre sAthe sAthe tema thavAnAM je kAraNeA upasthita thayAM hAya tenI tapAsa pazu laie. eka siddhAMta tarIke puravAra karI devAyuM che ke,

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navama paricacheda ] uparanA prasaMge banavAnAM kAraNa [ 181 pUrvanA samaye je laDAIo ubhI thatI hatI temAM mukhyatve samayasudhI AMdhrapatio paNa jainadharma pALatA hatA karIne bhUmi meLavavAne lAbha rahetA nahe te ane ema temanA sikkAcitranA AdhAre, zilAlekhanI tethI ja laDAInA pariNAme, parAjIta pakSane pAchI varNavAyelI hakIkata AdhAre, temaja anya aitihAsika tenI gAdI suprata karI devAtI hatI. A pramANe gaNu sAmagrIthI pUravAra thaI gayuM che, eTale priyadarzinane rAjyanI-athavA kahe ke tene maLatI evI akeMdrita ane zAtakaraNine kaI rIte dhArmika matabheda thavAne bhAvanAnI paddhati cAlu rahI hatI ane tene lIdhe ja, ke mana duHkha pAmavAno prasaMga ubho thAya tevI sthiti je zilAlekho kotarAyalA dekhAyA che temAM paNa nahotI. chatAM jyAre rAjA kaMdhastaMbha upara priyadarzine rAjakAraNanA mudA dRSTie paDatA nathIparaMtu jyAMne treachery=chaLakapaTa-kAvavuM karyAno Aropa mUkyo tyAM amuka prakAranuM dAna devAyAnI athavA te yAtrikonI che ane kumAra tivaranuM mRtyu nIpajAvyuM che, tyAre ane AtmasAdhana karatAM RSimunionI sagavaDatA banavAgya che ke kAMtA gRhakaleza ke aMdara aMdaranI sAcavyA pUratI ja bInAo vAMcavAmAM Ave che. khaTapaTa jAgI hovI joIe athavA te priyadarzine priyadarzinanA lekho-khaDaku ke staMbha uparanA-mAM paNa AMdhrapatine have khaMDiya-bhatya banAvela hovAthI, tenAM te prakAranI bhAvanA ja taravaratI daSTisamIpa dekhAyA kuLAbhimAna ane svataMtratAne kSati pahoMcelI samajI, kare che. ATaluM lAMbuM vivecana karavAnI jarUra eTalA ja naM. 6 AMdhrapati temAMthI mukta thavAne gussAmAM ne mATe paDI che ke uDe uDe paNa maski ane kaliganI gussAmAM na karavAnuM karI besavAne lalacAyo hoya. laDAIone dhArmika hariphAIjanita matsarasAthe saMbaMdha AmAMnuM bIjuM kAraNa vizeSa sabaLa mAnI zakAya hovAnuM jaNAya che. tema che. pariNAme bIjI vAranuM yuddha ubhuM thayuM hatuM priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekhathI jaNAyuM che ke, rAjyA- ne temAM paNa zAtakaraNi hArI javAthI te vize bhiSeka pachI be aDhI varSathI ja tene svadharma upara kapAyamAna banyA hatA; parantu priyadarzine te guno prIti lAgavA mAMDI hatI ane kamekrame, sAmAnya mApha karI, jIvate mUkI tenA rAjapade punaHsthApita karyo vyakti na rahetAM upAsaka banI, pUrNa utsAhathI tenA eTale kAMIka ThaMDo paDayo kharo, chatAM vRddhAvasthAne lIdhe pracAra mATe satata udhamI rahyA karate, ne navA varSa hoya ke babe vakhata pitAnI murAdamAM hAra khAdhI bAda te te kharo zraddhALa-aMdhazraddhAvALuM nahi-banI tethI lAgela AdhAtane lIdhe hoya ke baMnenuM ekatrita gayo hato. eTale ke tenA jIvananA palaTAno prAraMbha pariNAma hoya. paNa te maraNa pAmyo. eTale yuvA rAjApade AvyA pachI tarata ja thavA pAmyo che. bIjI putra-naM. 7mAM zAtakaraNie. pitAnA ghavAyelA kuLA.. bAjI ema sAbita thayuM che ke, rAjAone jItI bhimAnano ane potAne bhegavavA paDela badanAmI tenI kanyA sAthe pote athavA potAnA kuTuMbane keAI sAthe mAnahAnine badale levAnuM gAdIe besatAM ja sabhya lagnagraMthIthI joDAtAM. A pramANe I. sa. pU. vicAryuM lAge che, te mATe yuddha karavuM ja rahe, paNa te 284mAM (rAjyAbhiSeka pachI cha varSa ke te bAda) zAta- mATe kAMI kAraNa to ubhuM karavuM joIe. eTale pitAnI karaNi naM. 6ne jItIne, tenI kanyA pote paraNyo hato sattAmAM Avela kaliMga prAMta-ke jyAM sametazikhara ane saMbhava che ke ekAda varSamAM te rANIne putra paNa nAme jANItA thayela jainadharmanA pavitra tIrthanI taLeTI prasavyo hate. A rANInuM nAma cArUvAkI ane putranuM te samaye AvI hatI (juo pu. 1 pR. 166) tyAM nAma tivara hovAnuM have ApaNe TharAvyuM che. A jatAM yAtrikone herAnagati karavA mAMDI.ke A hakIkata 5) kAvatra karavAno Aropa naM. 7nA rAjA upara na paNa hoya tema tAlIma paNa na maLI hoya eTale baMne DhoLAya tema saMbhava nathI kemake te te haju ugatA juvA- ja te lAgu paDe che. nIyA hatA eTale rAjyamAM racAtA dAvapecathI mAhitagAra (6) pitAne kuladharma je jaina hatA temAMthI have teNe

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182 ] zatavahana sAtamAne parivAra [ ekAdazama khaMDa priyadarzinane kAne jatAM, teno dharmaprema uchaLI zAtakaraNi nAmathI oLakhAve che. tema zatavahana paNa uThayo ne kaliMganI laDAI jAgI. zAtakaraNi sAthe pitAne kahI zake che. eTale kevaLa A be zabdathI (alabata, A samaye naM. 7 vALo rAjA hatA) trIjuM kAI nRpatinI khAsa oLakhANa ApI zakAya tema yuddha thayuM temAM sAtakaraNinI sakhta hAra thaItema nathI ja. tema mAnulapakSanA gotra uparathI je nAma priyadarzinanA sainyanI paNa jabarI khuvArI thaI. A keTalAkanI sAthe joDavAmAM Ave che, te paNa amuka vakhate raNakSetre banne pakSanAM mANasonAM zaba, aMga- rAjAne AzrayIne ja vaparAyuM che evo nirNaya karavAne chedana pAmelAnAM taraphaDiyAM tathA haiyAphATa rokakaLa najare ApaNane upayogI thaI zakatuM nathI; kemake rAjakuMvara nihALI, priyadarzinanuM kumaLuM hRdaya eTaluM to dravita jevI vyaktino lagnasaMbaMdha te, ucca gaNutA kuLAmAM thaI gayuM ke te ja kSaNe, manuSyahatyA karanArI ane ja joDavAnuM bane ane tethI amuka getramAMthI nirarthaka mAnahAnI vaherI letI laDAI jIdagIparyata ghaNI kanyAo ghaNuM kuMvarane paraNAvavAmAM AvI nahIM laDavAnI pratijJA karI vALI. (juo tene dhaulI zake. pariNAme je putrane janma eka ja gotranI jAgauDano zilAlekha). A lekhanane sAra e che ke, kanyAothI thayA hoya te sarve te gotrI kanyAnA putra maskinA banAvanA kAraNamAM kaluSita, sAmAjIka mano- tarIke ja saMbodhI zakAya. eTale tevI vyaktio te vRtti, tathA mizrita dhArmika kuLAbhimAna hovAnuM ane aneka thaI zake che. alabatta zatakaraNi ane zatavahane kaliganA yuddhamAM kevaLa dharmadreSa hovAnuM jaNAya che. zabda karatAM, keTaleka aMze te vizeSatA dharAvatuM gaNAya (7) vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi urphe zatavahana sAtame kharuM; paNa ekadama nizcayAtmakapaNe saMbodhatuM athavA bIjA rAjAonI peThe AnAM nAma sAthe aneka vyAkaraNamAM jene vizeSanAma kahI zakIe tevuM te te upanAma joDAyela najare paDatAM nathI eTale darajaje na ja kahI zakAya. eTale ja A vaMzanA pratyeka rAjAne tenA jIvana vRttAMtanA banAve oLakhavA mATe khAsa zabda kayA va5rAyA haze te nAma, umara ane pArakhI kADhavAne muMjhavaNa paDatI tapAsavuM rahe che. A rAjAonA sikkA nihALIzuM parivAra nathI. jethI karIne hAla te te darekanA nAma sAthe uparanA traNa zabdA (zatakaraNi. tene nAmAvalinA krama pramANe zatavahana ane mAtAnA gotrIka nAma) sivAya sAtamAM zatavahana tarIke ane mAtalagotranA nAma keIkane kaIka nAma joDavAmAM AveluM hoya che. eTale uparathI vAsiSThaputra tarIke ja oLakhIzuM. paranta tene ema mAnavuM rahe che ke AvA vadhArAnA zabdomAMnA rAjyakALa je dIrdhakALa sudhI cAlyo che te jotAM, keIka, vizeSanAma tarIke hovAM joIe. ATaluM jANI temaja tenI sAhasika vRtti, ane koI ne kAMI karI lIdhA pachI je sarve sikkAo ekaThA karIne tene anyathI judA paDI AgaLa AvI nAma kADhavAnI bArIka abhyAsa karAya, tathA je zabdo sAmAnyarUpe tenI hAMza jotAM, tenA jIvanavize je kAMI pari. ke guNavAcaka jevA dekhAtA hoya ane ghaNI vyaktimitapaNe upalabdha thayuM che. te che ke sarakhAmaNImAM enAM nAme sAthe joDAyA hoya, tevAne bAda karatAM kAMIja nathI ema kahIe te cAle chatAM banavAjoga zeSa rahetA zabda, vizeSanAma tarIke vaparAyA hovAnuM che ke, tenA sikkAo vize vizeSa abhyAsa karavAthI nakkI thai jaze. A kAma mATe te sikkAne jaththo navI mAhitI maLI jAya. paNa bahoLo joIe ane tenI lipi ukelano sAmAnya rIte A vaMzane dareka rAjA pitAne abhyAsa paNa joIe. A prakAranuM kAma bhale kaMTALA khasavA mAMDayuM hatuM; dhImedhIme tene tyAga karavA sudhInuM gayo hato je tenA jIvana caritra uparathI jaNAya che. pagaluM paNa bharyuM hatuM, jenA pariNAme te jainadhamalI banI () pu. 2. pR. 356 TI. naM. 22 juo

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navama paricheda ] zatavahana sAtamAne parivAra [ 183 bhareluM che temaja ati khaMtathI ane khAsIthI ja AvRtti, pR. 186) "that they are parsonal karI zakAya tevuM che, chatAM ItihAsanI dRSTithI ghaNuM ja names=te te vyaktigata nAma che. A kathano mahatvanuM che. kAraNa ke tevA aneka parAkrama, je eka keTale darajaje nyAyazIla che tene ghaTasphoTa thaI jaze. rAjAnuM nAma bIjAnI sAthe sAmyatA dharAvatuM hovAthI, A uparathI samajI zakAze ke sikkAnA uMDA anupahelAne badale bIjAnA nAme ke ulaTA sulaTI caDAvI zIlananI je kayAMya ati jarUriyAta hoya to te devAya che ane eka pachI eka AdarelI bhUla, aneka AMdravaMzI rAjAo saMbaMdhamAM ja spaSTapaNe dekhAI Ave. bhalanI janmadAtA thaI paDe che, te sthitine kaI che. amane pitAne jAti anubhava thayo che ke je kALe aMta Avato ja nathI ane Ayade Akho nirNaya thaDA samaya pUrve karAyo hoya are kaho ke chApIne itihAsa ja tenA vikata svarUpe janatA samakSa emane jene svIkAra prakaTa paNa karI devAyo hoya te ja pAcho ema keTaloka kALa cAlyA kare che. A pramANenA vadhAre abhyAsanA pariNAme pheravI nAMkhI 8 taddana daSTAto eka nahIM paNa aneka che. A vaMzanA ja ghaNuM ulaTa dizAmAM jato, jAhera karavo paDe che. prasaMgane rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM atyAra sudhI banavA pAmyuM che. lIdhe jarA ADaphaTe paDIne paNa sikkAnA abhyAsa jemake naM. 2nA yajJazrI gautamIputrane naM. 29 tarIke viSe ATaluM vivecana karavuM paDayuM che te mATe vAcakanI lekhAya che. temaja naM. 4 ane ne. khA rAjAone kSamA cAhI mULa viSaya upara pAchA AvI jaIe. paraspara gaNAvAyA che. tema vaLI AgaLa jatAM sAbIta eka pachI eka gAdIe AvatA rAjAo, karavAmAM Avaze ke naM. 17 ne naM. 26 tarIke ane pitAputra tarIkeno ja saMbaMdha dharAvatA hoya to trIjI ke naM. 18 ne naM. 25 ke na. 29 tarIke gaNAvI javAyuM cothI peDhIe Avate rAjA, ati nAnI umare rAjache. tevI to eka nahIM paNa aneka khalanAo thai pade AvavA bhAgyazALI thAya che. evo niyama (5. gaI che. temAM keIne deSita TharAvavAnuM ApaNe praya- 1, pR. 88) sakAraNa ane sabaLa dekhAya che. tadanu jana nathI. dareka prayAsa karanAre to zubha azayathI sAra sAtame zAtakaraNi paNuM, jyAre gAdIe pitAnA samaya ane zaktine bhoga ApIne ja kAma Avyo tyAre nAnI umarane ja hato. lagabhaga 20 karyuM che. chatAM paNa AvI truTi sAdhananA abhAve varSano hatA; jethI 56 varSa jeTaluM lAMbu rAjya je rahI javA pAmI che te have sudhArI levAnI bhogavI zako che. eTale tenuM AyuSya 75 varSanuM khUba khUba AvazyaktA che. tema thaze tyAre ja ItihAsa aMdAjI kahI zakAze. te samaye teTaluM ja AyuSya pitAnA kharA, nirmaLa tathA vizuddha svarUpamAM khIlI niyama tarIke thaI paDayuM hatuM. tenA pradAdA naM. 4 nIkaLate karAmalakavad daSTi samIpa taravarata thaze ane vALA malikazrI zAtakaraNi juo ke, dAdA naM. 5 che. phesana jevA abhyAsIne je uccAravuM paDayuM che juo, ke naM. 6 vALo pitA juo, ke tene ja samake (ke. A. re. pR. 86, pAri. 70) "Andhra kAlina mahA pratApI samrATa priyadarzina juo, te kings were known by different names sarvee lagabhaga 70-70 varSanAM AyuSya bhogavyAM in different districts of their own em- che; eTale naM. 7 nA saMbaMdhamAM kAMI Azcarya pAmavA pire=AMdhrapatiene pitAnA ja sAmrAjyanA judA jevuM nathI banyuM. jAdA prAMtamAM judA judA nAme oLakhavAmAM AvyA tenA parivAramAM, tenI pAchaLa gAdIe besanArane che." jyAre vinseTa smitha (juo a. hi. I. trIjI putra lekhAya te hisAbe, tene eka putra hatA ema kahevuM (8) AvA duSTAte pu. 2 mAM sikkAvarNanamAM ghaNuye AvRtti vakhate sudhArI levAmAM Avaze. najare paDayAM che. je prasaMga ubho thayo to A sarvene navI

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184 ] joie. rANI saMbaMdhI kAMI mAhitI maLatI nathI, paraMtu eka bahena hatI ema pUravAra thayuM che; jete gata nRttAMte jaNAvyA pramANe priyadarzina sAthe paraNAvavI paDI hatI. A lagna I. sa. pU. 284mAM thayuM che. te kALe lagnanI uMmara 13-14 varSanI gaNAtI hatI eTale, jyAre I. sa. pU. 281mAM te gAdIe beThA tyAre, A tenI bahenanI uMmara 16 varSanI kahevAya. matalabake pote moTA hatA ane bahena nAnI hatI. A sivAya tene khIjAM keTalAM bhAIbhAMDuM hatAM te jaNAyuM nathI. tenI mAtA vAsiSTageAtrI kanyA hAvAthI te peAtAne vAsiSThaputra tarIke eLakhAvatA hatA. naM. 7 zAtakaraNanA jIvana ane dha palaTA [ ekAdazama khaDa A vakhate paMDita pataMjalInA janma+ (I. sa. pU. 275) thaI cUkyA hatA. are kaheA ke te vaidika dharmazAstramAM pAraMgata banI sArI nAmanA paNa meLavI cUkyA hatA. eTale temane rAjapurAhita pade (pu. 3, pR. 12, TI. naM. 41) sthApI temanI salAha pramANe AgaLa vadhavAnA teNe prayatna zarU karI dIdhA. maMgaLAcaraNa tarIke peAtAnA bApIkA jainadharma tyaja vaidikamatAnuyAyI banyA; paraMtu jyAMsudhI priyadarzinanI taiyAti hatI tyAMsudhI kAMi kArIgara phAve tema naheAtI, kemake divasAnudivasa tene sitArA caDaye jatA hatA. eTale peAtAnA rAjyanI AdimAM, priyadarzinanI kIrtine TapI jai AgaLa vadhavAmAM tene sugama hatuM tenA karatAM have vizeSa duSkara mAlama paDatuM hatuM. eTalAmAM I. sa. pU. 236mAM priyadarzinanuM maraNa thayuM. have tene mArga niSkaMTaka thayela jaNAyA. A vakhate tenI uMmara joke 60 ka tenAthI paNa vadhAre thavA pAmI hatI; paraMtu pataMjalI mahAzaya 40 varSanI lagabhagamAM hatA, eTale temanI preraNA aTakI paDe tema naheAtuM. prathama, dakSiNamAM peAtAnI ANavALA pradezamAM ja temaNe dharmapracAra karI dIdhA ane kahevuM paDaze ke temAM temane ThIkaThIka yaza pazu maLyA dekhAya che. temAM puSyamitra zRMga nAme je pAchaLathI vakhaNAyA che temanA pitA ityAdi brAhmaNAnAvaidika kuTuMene-sAya maLatAM era vadhAre prAtsAhana maLyuM hatuM. A sarva phatehathI uttejIta banI, pataMjalI mahAzayanI salAhathI, peAtAneA yaza ciraMjIvI karavA prathama azvamedha (I. sa. pU. 230 AsapAsa) karyAM. uttaradimAM-kahe ke avaMtimAM--priyadarzinanI gAdIe tenA jayeSThaputra vRSabhasena AvyA hatA te paNa panI uMmara teA vaTAvI gayA hatA; paraMtu tenA sarva samaya, peAtAnA pitAnA rAjyakALe, akdhAnistAna ane bahucistAna taraphanA pradezanA sUbA tarIke pasAra karela hAvAthI tenI vRttiomAM vIratA AvavAne badale udAmatAnA ja bharayuvAnImAM gAdIe AvavAthI tenAmAM yuvAnIne mada paNa te tema meATA sAmrAjyanA svAmI thaye hAvAthI rAjamada paNa hatA. temAM vaLI kAMika parAkramI ane sAhasikavRttinA haiAvAthI, te pote harALamAM AvavAne thanathanATa karI rahyo hatA. temAMye rAjakIyakSetre ajamAvavuM dhAreluM tenuM joma teA gAdIe besatAM prathama ja varSe samrATa priyadarzananA hAthe, dakhAi javA pAmyuM hatuM. eTale prathama kavale makSikA jevuM apazukana thatAM, te raste AgaLa vadhavAmAM tenA paga DhIlA paDI gayA hatA, chatAM hiMmata hArI jAya tevA nahAtA. eTale yaza khATavAnA rastA zodhavA maMDayA. priyadarzine peAtAnI dhArmika sahiSNutAvRttithI sArI jagatane cAhu saMpAdana karI lIdhA hatA. eTale tenA ja pagale, paNa kAMika judI pravRttimAM jo jhaMpalAvAya teA Ama janatAne peAtAnuM sAmarthya batAvI zakAze, evA vicAre, te vakhatanA priyadarzinanA jainamata sivAyanA bIjo dharma je vaidika hatA tenuM zaraNuM levA, ane te dvArA Ama janatAnuM zreya sAdhI, peAtAnuM manaphrAvatuM karavAnA nizcayavALA thayA. karmasaMyeAge tenA matane puSTi ApanAra eka vyakti paNa maLI AvI. jIvana ane dharmapalaTA (9) pu. 3mAM anumAna khAMdhIne ApaNe temanuM maraNa 180mAM 90 varSoMnI 'mare thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che, eTale temane janma te gaNatrIe i. sa. pU. 270mAM thayA gaNavA rahe. paraMtu pu. 3, pR. 73, TI. 32mAM eka graMthakArane AdhAra sAMpaDayA che temAM 17pa mAM jaNAvyuM che. eTale te vadhAre majabuta gaNIne tenA janma 275mAM thayAnuM gaNyuM che,

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navama paricacheda ] dharmakrAMti [ 185 aMza vizeSa pramANamAM joDAyela hatA. tene paNa potAnA vidizA nagare-bIje azvameghayajJa karAvyo; tathA tyAM pitAnA yazane TapI javAnI hoMza hatI, eTale pagalAM I. sa. pU. 226mAM zilAlekha ubho karI 12 temAM mAMDayAM. janatAnI dhArmikavRttine uttejate ane poSato potAnI yazagAthA AlekhAvI tathA meLavela yazane ' te khare,paraMtu jyAM pitAnuM manadhAryuM na hatuM tyAM sahiSNutA kalagI paherAvavA, te vakhatanuM sarva kharca vidizAnI prajA dAkhavIne dhImethI ane kaLathI kAma levAne badale sattAnA pAsethI (pu. 3. pR. 74) vasula karAvyuM. ke. hi. InA madamAM tapI jaIne kAma laI leto. pariNAme atyA- lekhake pU. 530-1 upara "Twice it appears cAra karI javAta eTale lekaprIti ghaTavA mAMDI, bIjI had Satkarni proclaimed his suzerainty bAja tenA AvA svabhAvane lIdhe tenA bhAI bhAMDa- by the performance of the horserUomAM paNa akAro thavA mAMDaye hato. adhurAmAM pUruM sacrifice and on one of the occasions teo rAjabhagrasta thatA jatA hatA eTale rAja- at least, the victory thus celebrated kuTuMbamAM kusaMpe jora pakaDayuM ane eka pachI eka must have been at the expense of the teo svataMtra banI mULa gAdIthI chUTA paDavA mAMDavyA. Sungas=ema samajAya che ke, zAtakaraNie potAnuM pariNAme mAtra pAMca sAta varSa upara ja-priyadarzinanI sArvabhaumatva darzAvavA be vakhata azvamedha karyA hatA samaye-avaMtinI je meM phATatI hatI, te A vRSabhasenanI ane kamamAM kama temAMthI eka vakhate to vijayotsava dhamadha ane avicArI vRttithI taddana parihAsya banI zuMga prajAne kharca ujavAbo hata" AvA zabdo gaI hatI; tema tene sattA pradeza paNa ati maryAdita je lakhyA che te temane saMganI pUratI mAhitI nahIM banI gayo hato. A takano lAbha levA dakSiNapati hovAne lIdhe thavA pAmyuM che ema samajavuM. staMbha sAtakaraNinuM mana thayuM, kahe ke tema karavA salAha ubho karAvyA uparAMta, avaMtipati pitAnuM mAthuM UMcuM maLI. teNe avaMti upara halle karyo ane svabhAvika karavA na pAme mATe, puSyamitrane mukhya javAbadAra rIte temAM tenI chata thaI. eTale te samayanI rAja- vyakti tarIke tyAM nImI dIdho ane chevaTe pite nIti pramANe 10 vRSabhasena pAse hAra kabUla karAvI, je svasthAne dakSiNamAM AvI pahoMcyo. ekAda varSamAM avaMtine pote khaDiyo tya hatuM, te ja avaMtipatine eTale I. sa. pU. ra25mAM pitAnuM maraNa nIpajyuM. ulaTa pitAne bhatya-khaDiye-banAvI, I. sa. pU. A pramANe zAtakaraNi dakSiNapati naM. 9nA rAjyakALa, 20nI AsapAsa dakSiNamAM pAcho AvI pahoMcyo. pitAnA hAthe be azvamegha-eka dakSiNamAM ane bIje jyAM beeka varasa thayAM nahi hoya, tyAM avaMtipati avaMtimAM-thayAnuM tathA pitAnA bApike jainadharma tyAga vRSabhasenanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 227mAM nIpajyuM, eTale karyAnuM varNana samajI levuM. yAM gAdI mATe jhaghaDA thavA mAMDayA. aMte dakSiNapati mauryavaMzI samrATono kaLadharma-bApadAdAne dharmazAtakaraNi pitAnA vizvAsu ane vaidika matAnuyAyI jena hatA, chatAM azokavardhane temAMthI judA paDIsaradAra pelA puSyamitra sAthe avaMti pahecI gayo. bauddhadharma svIkArI-bhAta pADI vRSabhasenanA putra (ke bhAI)ne bhUtya banAvI, gAdI upara hatI, tenA kAraNamAM tene nArIbesArI, tyAM potAnA vijayacihana tarIke rAjanagare moha hato. jo ke temAMthI calita (10) jema kaliMgapati khAravele I. sa. pU. 418mAM pU. 200-2mAM karyuM samajavuM. magadhapati bRhaspatimitrane harAvyA chatAM magadhanI gAdI (11) banavAjoga che ke, kadAca paMDita pataMjalI paNa para rahevA dIdho hato, ane mAtra potAnA page namAvyo A samaye sAthe gayA hoya. hata, tema zAtakaraNie paNa avaMtipati vRSabhasenane I. sa. (12) juo vidizA-sAMcisvapa,

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keTalAMka upanAmAnI samaja 186 ] thAya tevA keTalAka banAvA pAchaLathI banavA pAmyA hatA, paraMtu potAnA jIvanakALasudhI te nabhAvye gaye| hetA. matalaba ke bauddhadharma te samaye lagabhaga 35 varSa sudhI rAjadharma tarIke rahevA pAmyA hatA. jyAre A sAtakaraNae, potAnA kuLadharma tyajI dIdhA hatA paraMtu temAM nArImeAhane badale rAjakIya kSetre jhaLakI uThavAnI vRttirUpa tenuM uddabhava kAraNa hatuM. A samaye parivartana pAmela vaidikadharma, azAkanA vakhatanI mAphaka 35 varSa jeTaluM paNa AyuSya dakSiNunA darabAre joke nIbhAvI zakayo nathI, chatAM kahevuM joie ke avaMtimAM lagabhaga eka sadI sudhI teNe potAnA vijayaokrA vagaDAvavA jArI rAkhyA hatA. avaMtimAM azAka pachI priyadarzina AvatAM, teNe kuLadharma pA| punarjIvita karyAM hatA eTaluM ja nahIM paraMtu sarva jainadharmI rAjAonI(tenI pUrvenA ke pAchaLanA, are kaheA ke TheTha atyArasudhInA)-sarakhAmaNImAM teNe potAnA naMbara pahelo ja nAMdhAvI dIdhA hatA. tenI pAchaLa AvanAra saMtAneAnA avicArIpaNAne lIdhe pAchA jainadharma jo ke thADA akhe paDavA mAMDayo hatA ane zAtakaraNie vijayastaMbha rApyA bAda tene taddana lopa thavAnI bhItI rahetI hatI, chatAM nabaLA nakhaLA mauryarAjAoe jematema karIne te TakAvI rAkhyA hatA. bAkI mauya pachI jevA zRMga rAjaamala avaMtimAM thayA ane 5. pataMjalInI-gurUdevanI-rAja purAhita tarIke sthApanA thaI ke vaidikadhama pAchA khUba prakAzamAM AvavA lAgyA hatA. samrATa agnimitranA samaye te pUrNakaLAe pahoMcyA hatA ane te bAda zuMgavaMzanI paDatI dazAmAM tenI paNa paDatI dazA AtmAnuM dekhAya che. eTale tyAM avaMtimAM lagabhaga eka sadI jeTalA samayasudhI vaidikadharmane rAjadharma hAvAnuM mAna maLI rahyAnuM kahI zakAya. ane temAM pataMjalI mahAzayanI padharAmaNI ane Ama janatAne temaNe pAyelI preraNA ja mukhya kAraNurUpe kahI zakAya, jyAre dakSiNamAM judI ja sthiti parivartavA pAmI hatI. dakSiNApathapati zAtakaraNuinuM maraNu i. sa. pU. 236-5 mAM thatAM tenI gAdIe tenA putra laMkhAdara [ ekAdazama khaDa ane te bAda AvI-Apilika i. cAreka rAjA AvyA che. temanA rAjyakALa vize jo ke purANathaiAmAM bahu vAMcavAmAM nathI AvatuM paraMtu jaina graMthAmAM kAMIka hakIkata je maLI Ave che te AdhAre kahI zakAya che ke, tyAM dakSiNamAM jainazAstro ane siddhAMtamAM pAraMgata utarelA evA ane padmavaNAkAranA birUdathI prasiddha thayelA (jemaneA samaya ma. x 335 thI 37=41 varSa cheH i. sa. pU 192thI 151) te samayanA yugapradhAna, nAme kAlikasUri U~ zyAmAcArye svaupadezathI jainadharmanI sArI sevA bajAvI hatI. A kAlikasUri teja samajavA ke je zuMgavaMzI baLamitra bhAnumitranA saMsArapakSe mAmA thatA hatA tathA jemanI pAse temanA bhANeja bhAnuminne dIkSA levAthI teNe ati (khaLamitra) kApAyamAna thaine kAInuM paNa sAMbhaLavAnI darakAra karyA vinA, bhara cAmAse temane atimAMthI kADhI mUkayA hatA te jemaNe dakSiNamAM Azraya lIdhe| hatA. (jue, pu. 3, pR. 113). eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke A AMdhra rAjavIonA samaye, rAjadharma tarIke kadAca vaidika mata zithila avasthAmAM rahevA pAmyA haze. parantu te bAda te dakSiNapati pAchA jainadharmamAM dahe thaI gayA dekhAya che; te TheTha naM 23nA samaye jI jabarajasta dharma krAMti thavA pAmI che tyAM sudhI. tAtparya e thaye| ke, AMdhrapatiomAM dharmakrAMti e vakhate thavA pAmI che. prathama veLA zAtakaraNa naM chanA rAjya amale pAchaLanA bhAgamAM ane khIjI veLA naM. 23vALA zivasvAtinA rAjyanA AraMbhamAM bAkInI khIjI vastune khyAla cAthA paricchede pR. 64thI 68 sudhImAM apAI gayA che, tyAMthI joi levA vinaMti che. paradezI rAjakartAomAMnA keTalAkane jema kSatrapa ane mahAkSatrapa jevAM upanAmA joDavAmAM AvyAM che ane tethI tevA zabdanA prabhAvakeTalAMka upanAmAnI adhikAra ke mahAtmya vize krAMika samaja jANavAnI AvazyakatA haiAvAthI ApaNe tenI samajUti ApavI zatavahanavaMzI zAtakaraNI rAjAe keTalAMka upanAma joDAyAM che ke paDhI che, tema A sAthe paNa evAM

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navama paricheda ] keTalAMka upanAmonI samaja (187 jenI kAMika samajUti ApavAnI jarUriyAta lAge che. sudhI teo mRtyapaNe na hoya tyAre tyAre ja, ane je ke gautamIputra vAsiSThaputra Adi mAtRgetrika zabdonI teTale teTalo samaya ja, teo te upanAma dhAraNa karI tathA khaDiyApaNuM svIkAratAM bhaya zabda lagADAtAnI zake. AthI karIne samajI levuM ke, je kALe teo keTalIka mAhitI prasaMgopAta apAi gai che. eTale svataMtra hatA tyAre uparanAM birUda potAnAM nAma ahIM te pAchI na utAratA pu. 4, pR. 1thI 20 sAthe lagADatAM, ane je kALe teo khaMDiyA banI jatA tathA 50-51 ane A pustake pR. 32 tathA 69 mAM ja tyAre te birUda kADhI nAMkhatAM. A siddhAMtane anusarIne. Apela koTho vAMcI javA bhalAmaNa che. eTale tyAM . kaye rAjA keTalI vakhata uparamAMnuM birUda dhAraNa karI hakIkata nathI apAI teno ullekha atra kara rahe che. zake te spaSTa thaI jAya che. ApaNe paNa AMdhrabhutyA - bhatyA zabda saMbaMdhamAM eTaluM vizeSa zodhI zakAyuM zabdanuM vivecana karatI vakhate, te khUlAso ApI zakyA hatA ane pR. 32 tathA 66 mAM jyAM jyAM che ke koI satavahanavaMzI rAjAe te zabda potAnA svataMtra" hAyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, tyAM tyAM sAthe sAthe nAmanI sAthe zilAlekhamAM ke sikkA uparanA akSa temanI vIratAsUcaka upanAmo paNa joDI dIdhAM heta, romAM vAparyo nathI. banavA joga che ke tema karavuM paraMtu prasaMga upayukta na thayo hovAne lIdhe ApaNe te pitAne apamAnajanaka lAgyuM hoya paraMtu temanAM sikkAonI avaLI ke savaLI bAju uparanI je prakAre kArya UbhuM rAkhyuM hatuM, je have kahI zakIe chIe; athavA piSTapeSaNane deSa TALavA ema paNa jaNAvI zakIe, ke citro pADavAmAM AvyAM che ane tene ukela tathA tyAM Apela patraka sAthe nIcenuM patraka joDIne vAMcavuM. marma samajAyA che. te uparathI paristhiti samajI levAya che ke amuka kALe, amuka rAjA, amuka samrATanI |AMka birUdaka sAbitIne purA AjJAmAM haze. A badhuM varNana pu. 2mAM, te te rAjAnA sikkAvarNane savistara samajAvavAmAM AvyuM che, viliyakurasa pu. 2, sikko naM. 58 eTale tyAMthI joI levA vinaMni che. 2 viliyakurasa pu. 2, sikko naM. 59 uparanAM birUde uparAMta, vidivayakurasa, viliya birUda vinA pu. 2, sikko naM. 69 kurasa tathA zivalakarasa nAmanAM birUdo paNa sikkA birUda vinA pu. 2, sikko naM. 70 uparathI temAMnA keTalAkane saMyukata thayelAM dekhAya che. tene khAsa artha ke heta zuM haze. te che ke spaSTa birUda vinA sikko nathI thayuM nathI paraMtu te sarve eka ja bhAvArthasUcaka birUda vinA pu. 2, sikko naM. 67-68 vizeSaNarUpe hevAnuM mAnI levAyuM che, eTale ApaNe sadara pu. 2, sikkA naM. 71-72 paNa te matane vaLagI rahI che. teno artha amArI sama vidivayakurasa pu. 2, sikko . 57 jaNa pramANe "vIravalaya dhAraNa karela che jeNe-evA zivalakurasa pu. 2, sikko naM. 59 AzayavALo thAya che, jethI te pada dhAraNa karanAra ema uSazuM karato mAnavo paDaze ke A valayo-bAjubaMdha birUda vinA pu. 2, sikko naM. 60 teNe pitAnuM bAhubaLa sUcavavA bAMdhyAM che mATe kaI birUda vinA pu. 2, sikkA naM.63,64,66 paNa tenI sAthe laDAImAM utarI, tene jItIne te 7 | sadara pu. 2, sikko naM. 62 utarAvI zake che. matalaba ke A birUde tenI pitAnI pu. 2, sikko naM. 73 svataMtratAne vijyAMke vagaDAvavA rUpe che; ane tema hovAthI, jyAre jyAre ane jeTalA jeTalA samaya sArvabhauma tarIke pu. 2, sikko na. 61 (13) A prama hA vadhAre anuzIlana mAge che,

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188 ] rAjya vistAra ane sImAspati rAjye samajavuM rahe che ke A samayapachI khaMDiyApaNuM lagabhaga adRzya jevuM thaI gayuM hAvAthI A birUda paDatuM mUkAyuM che; paraMtu keMdrita bhAvanApaNe rAjya lAvavAnI prathA saMpUrNapaNe amalamAM Avela na hAvAthI kevaLa sikkAcitra purANI Dhabe citrAyAM karAtAM hatAM; jyAre agnimitra rAjye azvamedha karAyA ne teNe sArvabhaumatvanI gheASaNA karI tyArathI akeMdrita bhAvanAne amala thaI cUkayA gaNAya. eTale tyArathI tA sikkAcitrAmAM savaLI avaLI bAjune je mahimA hatA te paNa sarvathA adRzya thaI gayA samajavA. tenA prapitAmaha malika zrI zAtakaraNInA rAjyathI, je mATe vistAra AMdhrapati tarIke vArasAmAM tenA dAdA pAMcamA zAtakaraNIne tathA te bAda pAche| tenA pitA chaThThA sAtakaraNIne maLI AvyeA hateA te ja, A naM. 7 rAjAne paNa uttarAttara vArasAmAM maLyo hateA. phera eTalo ja hatA ke tenA dAdA pAMcamA zAtakaraNI A sarva pradeza upara taddana svataMtrapaNe svAmitva dharAvatA hatA jyAre te svAmitva tenA pitAnA uttara jIvanamAM gumAI javA pAmyuM hatuM. joke te samaye gaNataMtra rAjyanI vyavasthA cAlatI hAine, vijetA rAjAnuM mahArAjA priyadarzinanuM-mAMDaLikapaNuM svIkArI levAthI potAnA sarva pradeza upara chaThThA sAtakaraNine kula mukhatyAra tarIke punaH sthApita karI devAmAM Avye hatA. te ja pramANe A sAtamA zAtakaraNae paNa gAdI upara besatAM mahArAjA priyadarzinanA sArvabhaumatvane svIkAra karela heAvAthI, tene paNa tenA pitAnI peThe sarve adhikAra sAthe te sarva pradeza upara rAjA tarIke niyukta karavAmAM AvyA hatA. jainasAhitya graMthAmAM spaSTapaNe ullekha karAyA che ke, mahArAjA saMpratie aneka padabhraSTa rAjAone temanA mULasthAne pAchA sthApyA hatA. kahevAnA tAtparya e che ke, AnA mulaka dakSiNadinA AkhAye dvIpakalpa upara pharI varSeA hateA. mAtra be nAnA pradeza, maheATA raNamAM jema jaLAzaya AvI rahe tema, A dvIpakalpamAM AvI - rAjya vistAra ane sImA- spezita rAjyo [ ekAdazama khaDa rahyA hatA. AmAMnA ekanuM nAma cAlA ane khIjAnuM nAma pAMDyA rAjya hatuM. temanA celArAjyanA te samaye vistAra keTalA haze te kahevAne kAMi ApaNI pAse pramANu puraskara mAhitI nathI. paraMtu tenI rAjagAdI kAMcI-kAMjIvarama hatuM ane pAMDyA rAjyamAM, dvIpakalpanA aMte je nAnA trikANAkAra pradeza che te jemAM madurA, tricinApalI che. zaherA Avela che tenA samAveza thatA hatA. A be rAjyAnI sImA khAda karatAM, zAtakaraNanI hada kayAMsudhI AvIne aTakI jatI hatI te cAkkasapaNe kahI zakIe tema nathI, chatAM je samudrataTane adyatana kareAmAMDala kinArA tarIke eLakhavAmAM Ave che te pradezamAMthI tenA sikkA maLI AvatA heAvAthI, tyAMsudhI teA tenA rAjyanI hada lakhAtI heAvI joie eTaluM siddha thaI zake che. dakSiNa hiMdI dvIpakalpamAMnA A ceAlA ane pAMmAnA rAjye| A zAtakaraNanI sIdhI chAyAmAM hAvAnuM gaNI zakAya ke teo mahArAjA priyadarzinanI hukumatamAM hatA ema gaNAya te, nathI itihAsa uparathI barAbara jANI zakAtuM ke nathI mahArAnta priyadarzine ubhA karAvela zilAlekhamAM Apela varNana uparathI samajI zakAtuM; kemake temAM te aMdhradezane-Bordering landssImAMta prAMtA tarIke saMkheAdhyA haiAvAne AbhAsa thAya che chatAM, celA ane pAMDayAne svataMtra adhikAra prAsa thayA heAya tevA vartAva dekhAya che. jo sImAMtanA artha rAjya vistAranI aMte sImAupara Avela prAMtA, ema karIe te te yathAsthita nathI lAgatA, kema ke pazcime aMdhadeza ane pUrve kAreAmAMDala kinArAupara te zAtakarrANunI sattA nizcitapaNe sAbIta thAya che ja. eTale vacce AvatA ceAlA rAjyanI sthiti tA, eka suDInA khe pAMkhIyA vacce AvatI seApArInA jevI khanI rahe, pachI tene (Bordering) sImAMta kahevAya zI rIte? khIjI bAju mahArAjA priyadarzine hiMdamAM temaja hiMdanI bahAra, uttare tibeTa ane turkasthAna sudhI tathA pazcime DeDa siriyA sudhI je digvijaya meLavyeA hateA tene lagatA sarva khyAna upara uDatI najara pheMkIe chIe, tyAre evA ja nizcaya upara AvavuM rahe che ke teNe

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navama pariccheda ] sarvoparI viziSTatA [ 189 dakSiNahiMdane koI paNa pradeza pitAnI ANuM bahAra vaparAza thayela che. A uparathI bIjo sAra e paNa rahevA dIdho hevo na joIe. chatAM je pradeza potAnA kADhI zakAya che ke, te samaye ekadama cokhkhI rIte adhikAramAM hevAnuM zilA lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che temAM nirmaLa rAjataMtragaNanI vyavasthA pracalita hevAnuM paNa aMpradezanI dakSiNe Avela keralapura, celA, pAMDayA, nathI karI zakatuM, tema gaNataMtra rAjyapaddhatino taddana nA InAM nAma Ave che. eTale ke temane potAnI sattAmAM thaI gayo hato ema paNa nathI kahI zakAtuM; matalaba ane sIdhA amala taLe hovAnuM lekhave che, jyAre ke kedrita ane akeMdrita rAjya vyavasthAnI vacce vacce Avela aMdhradezane Bordering tarIke lekha transitional period=gALe te samaye vartatA che. A uparathI samajAya che ke, Bordering eTale hato. A pramANenI rAjavyavasthAnI aTapaTI goThavaNe sImAMta, pitAnA rAjyanI sImAnI aMtima hade-evA cAlatI hovAne lIdhe, sAtamAM zAtakaraNinI sattA arthamAM nahi, paraMtu potAnA rAjyanI hadamAM aDoaDa samasta dakSiNa hiMdanA dvIpakalpa upara cAlatI hatI, Avela athavA smazAne rahela koI bIjuM rAjya ema kahevAmAM paNa ApaNe satyathI bahu vegaLA javAnuM vacce AvatuM na hoya tema; jene conterminous jokhama kheDatA nathI. tema pitAnA sidhA kAbuvALA kahI zakAya. sarva paristhitinuM samIkaraNa karatAM evA pradezanI dRSTie ja bolAya te, dakSiNahiMdane trikasAra upara AvavuM paDe che ke, celA ane pAMDayA nAne mulaka, evA pAMDavA rAjyane tathA anya nAnA rAjyanA saradAre paNu, keralapura, satyapuranI peThe, celA rAjyane pradeza bAda karatAM, zeSa dakSiNahida mahArAjA priyadarzinanA kauTuMbika purUSo hevAthI, upara tene adhikAra hato ema uccAravAmAM paNa temanA upara sIdhI hakumata tenI cAlatI hatI, jyAre kAMI khoTuM dekhAtuM nathI. aMdhrapati anya rAjakuTumbane lagatA hevAthI tenA tenuM nAma dakSiNahiMda uparanA tenA kAbu mATe upara potAne sIdhe kAbu nahoto; parantu gaNataMtra rAjya AgaLa paDatuM gaNAya ke nahIM te prazna bhale vivAdAjevI rAjapaddhati cAlu hovAthI tene mAMDaLika banAvI, spada rAkhIe chatAM, uttarahidamAM teNe je parAkrama nirALo adhikAra bhogavavA devAmAM AvatuM hatuM. A karI batAvyuM che tevuM te eka paNa aMdhrapatinA phALe pramANe jyAre Bordering eTale sImAMta=(ter- neMdhAyuM nathI eTale teja tenA rAjyanI khAsa viziminating at the border, situated final chatA lekhI zakAze. te mATe nIceno pAricAka vAMce. at the border ema nahIM, paraMtu close AkhAye zatavahana vaMzamAM lagabhaga trIseka rAjAo to, surrounded by or conterminous balake tethI paNa be cAranI saMkhyAmAM vadhAre-thayAnuM with) sImAne sparzatA evA arthamAM vaparAto kahI zakAze. chatAM jemanI mahAdekhAya che, tyAre e paNa spaSTa thAya che ke, Bor- | sarvoparI parAkramIomAM gaNanA karI zakAya dering countriesnI pelI pAra, tenuM svAmitva viziSTatA tevA to svabhAvika rIte AMganahatuM paNa mAtra mitratA ja hatI, e je artha LIne Terave lekhAvI zakAya teTalA atyAre vidvAno karI rahyA che tema samajavuM rahetuM pAMca cha ja che. vaLI sAmAnya mAnyatA e che ke, nathI. tenuM svAmitva to sarvatra hatuM ja, pachI tene jema koI rAjAnuM zAsana lAMbuM tape, tema te vizeSa Bordering kahe ke outside the border kahe parAkramI saMbhave. A niyamAnusAra traNeka rAjAo ke game te nAma Ape, paraMtu rAjavahIvaTanI prathAmAM ja evA pAkyA che ke temano zAsanakALa 50 varSanI phera hatuM eTalA pUratuM ja sUcana karavA mATe te zabdanI hada paNa oLaMgI gayo che. chatAM kahevuM paDaze ke, te para (1) jue pu. 2, 5, 308, 311 357, 358 ane 359 tathA tenI TIkAo.

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190 ] sarvoparI viziSTatA [ ekAdazama khaMDa. uparAMta traNacAra evA bhUpALo paNa thavA pAmyA vALA gautamIputra tathA naM. 18 vALA rAjA hAle che, ke jemane rAjyakALa bhale aDadhI sadInA karatAM uttara hiMdanA rAjakartA avaMtipatio evA pitAnA ocha-bake aDadhA jeTalo ja eTale pA sadInI mitro sAthe rahIne, yuddhamAM sakriya bhAga bhajavyo che AsapAsa jarA vadhAre ke kamI-cAvyo che te paNa, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa uttarahiMdamAM rAjamahemAna teonAM nAmo, pelA pahelA vargamAM mUkayA che te mahA- tarIke rahI amuka samaya (pu. 3 mAM gardabhIla vaMzanI bhAgyazALIonAM karatAM, kAMI ochAM yazasvI ane hakIkata juo) ArAma ane vaibhavamAM pasAra paNa prabhAvazALI te nathI ja. temaNe paNa pitAnA vaMzane karyo che. tema vaLI naM. 25 vALA chatrapaNe te saiArASTa ati ujavaLa banAvavAmAM yathAzakti phALA arpaNa ane gujarAta jevA uttarahiMdanA prAMtamAM (SaSTama karyo che ja. AvA 5 sadI sudhI rAja bhagavata paricachede lekha naM. 18) rAjaya paNa calAvyuM che, narezamAM, naM. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrIne, naM. 17 chatAM upara darzAvela sAmAnya niyamane anusarIne vALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNi ariSTakarNane tathA naM. ApaNe kahevuM paDayuM che ke temane uttarahida sAthe 24 vALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNine ane naM. 25 vALA saMbaMdha nahoto. jayAre A sAtamA zatakaraNie je vasiSThaputra chatrapaNu zatakaraNine, mukhyapaNe mUkI ke utarahiMdamAM rAjya paNa nathI karyuM, tema naM. 17 zakAze. paraMtu aDadhI sadIvALA je traNa nRpatioe ane 18 mAnI peThe rAjavaibhavamAM samaya pasAra paNa pitAne zAsanakALa itihAsanA pAne amara karAvyo nathI karyo, chatAM tene uttara hiMda sAthe ati saMparkamAM che temanI viziSTatAo te jadI ja bhAta pADI Avela lekho paDyo che; kAraNa ke teNe uttarahiMda batAvanArI dekhAya che. temAMnA pahelAnI-mallikazrI upara be be vakhata caDAI laI jaI, DolatI evI zAtakaraNinI-viziSTatAonuM varNana, uparamAM tenA maurya sAmrAjyanI-avaMtipatinI sattA sAme paDakAra jIvanavRttAte AlekhAI gayuM che. trIjA ane chellA jhIlyo hato. eTaluM ja nahIM, paraMtu bIjI caDAI evA hAla zAlivAhananuM khyAna tenA vRttAMte lakhAze. veLAe te, koIe paNa ItihAsamAM nathI karI jyAre vacalA ane bIjA evA zAtakaraNi sAtamAnuM batAvyuM tevuM karI batAvIne-je sattAdhIzano pati vRttAMta te atyAre tenA rAjya vize jyAre ApaNe khaDiyo hato te ja sattAdhIzane jItI laIne pitAne belI rahyA chIe tyAre ja kahevuM yathAsthAne gaNAze. khaMDiyA banAvI dIdhA hatA; uparAMta pitAnuM sArva sarva bhaNelAonI ane vidvAnI e ja mAnyatA matva prajA pAse paNa kabUla karAvI lIdhuM hatuM baMdhAyelI che ke AMdhrapatio eTale dakSiNahiMdanA ja ane A sarva vijayamALAnA mukuTamAM kIrtivata bhUpatio. temane uttarahiMda sAthe saMbaMdha ja na hoI phumatuM umeravA, te khaDiyA nRpatine aMkuzamAM rAkhavA, * zake. alabatta, keTaleka aMze A abhiprAya sakAraNa pitAnA saramukhatyArane-Dictatorne-senAdhipati che ja. sAmAnya rIte viMdhyAcaLa parvatane ja, uttara nImI dIdho hato. A prakArane vijaya meLavavAmAM ane dakSiNa hiMdanI sImA AMkate lekhAya che; chatAM bhale tene bhUjAbaLarUpI parAkrama bahu pheravavuM paDayuM tene oLaMgIne uttare Avela varADa ane madhyaprAMta na hoya, ke rAjaramatanI zetrajamAM kauzalya-paTutA upara, jemanI sattA jAmI hoya tene paNa uttarahiMdanA vAparavI paDI na hoya, paraMtu mAtra saMgAe ja zAsaka tarIke na lakhavAnI prathA paDI javAne lIdhe. yArI ApI hoya-are kahe ke-mAtra azva deDAvate ame paNa te ja nyAye A vAkya uccArIe chIe; ja nagara praveza karIne gAdI kabaje karI lIdhI heya kemake naM. 2 vALA gautamIputra yajJazrIne sattA pradeza chatAM, vijaya te vijaya ja kahevAya. kahevAnI matalaba kAMIka uttarahidamAM thavA pAmyo hato chatAM tene e che ke teNe mairya samrATa-avaMtipati upara potAnuM uttarahiMda svAmI nathI kahevAte; temaja naM 17 rAjakIya Adhipatya meLavyuM hatuM ane je te sama

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navama pariccheda ] manI rAjaprathAe, rAjya vyavasthAe--tene aTakAvyA na hAta te| peAtAne avaMtipati tarIke nahera paNa karI dIdhA hata. A prasaMga zuM hatA ane kevI rIte anavA pAmyA hatA, te sarva hakIkata uparanA khe pArAmAM-pR. 184 thI 190 sudhI lakhAI gaI che. tyAMthI vAMcI levA vinaMti che. tenA rAjyanI khAsa sarvopari viziSTatA je gaNAya tevI che te tenI avaMti upara A caDAI tathA vijaya arpatI yazagAthA lekhavI rahe che. pataMjalI mahArAya ane rAjA zAtakaraNi paDita pataMjalInI eka rAjanItijJa tarIke ke mahAvidvAna tarIke je nAmanA pracalita thaI che temanA samaya zuMgavaMzI avaMtipatinA rAjapataMjalI mahAzaya amale che tathA temaNe peAtAnuM ane rAjA jIvana temanA Azraye pasAra karela zAMtakaraNa heAvAthI temanuM sthAna paNa avaMti pradeza ja mukhya aMze gaNAya che. temaja A hakIkata itihAsamAM eTalI badhI prasiddha thayelI che ke ApaNe temanuM jIvanavRttAMta te sthAne ja vizeSata: AlekhavuM paDayuM che. chatAM pu. 3 mAM temanA jIvana paricaya ApatAM hakIkata zodhaI che ke, temanA janma dakSihiMdamAM, geAdAvarI nadInA mukhapradeza gaNAtA evA gAvaradhanasamayanA krAika gAme thayA hatA. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, temanA kIrtikaLazanuM sthAna bhale uttaraviMdamAM hatuM, paraMtu udbhavasthaLa te dakSiNahiMdamAM ja hatuM. uparAMta temanA rAjadvArI jIvananA temaja vidyAsaMganA Ara bha paNa dakSiNahiMdamAM ja thayA hatA ane te paNa A rAjA sAtamA zAtakaraNanA rAjya amaleja tathA tenA ja pASaNa ane prAtsAhanathI. A hakIkata eTalI badhI jANItI thai nathI eTale tene lagatuM varNana atra hAtha dharavAnI jarUriyAta lAgI che. OU dharmakrAMti karavAmAM pe. pataMjalInA ane A rAjAne kuvA sumeLa jAmyA hatA tenA ThIkaThIka citAra uparamAM (15) emAMthI rAna sAtakaraNa mULe te jainadharmI hatA parantu kevA sAMcAgamAM teNe dharmapalaTA karyAM hatAM [ 191 ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe eTale carvitacUrNa karavAnI jarUra nathI. parantu eTaluM kahevuM Avazyaka che ke, je rAjakIya ane dhArmika krAMti karavAnuM ceTaka, A rAjA ane tenA pureAhitane vaLagyuM hatuM te, te baMnenAM kAMika darzAkhAra temaja mahattvAkAMkSI svabhAvane anusarIne ja hatuM. irSAkhArI eTalA darajje kahI zakAya ke, mahArAjA priyadarzina, have sAbita karAyuM che tema eka custa jainadharmI rAjA hatA; vaLI rAjakunehathI teNe te dharmanA pracAra, pazcime 3 misara ane siriyA sudhI, uttare tibheTa, khATAna ane cinAi turkasthAna sudhI ane dakSiNe 3 siMhaladdIpa sudhI karyAM hatA. tema peAtAnA rAjaamala paNa evI ja zIphatathI calAvyA hatA ke rAjaprakaraNane dha`thI alagI alaga ja rAkhye gayA hatA. chatAM peAtAnI prajAne moTA bhAga jainadharmane anusaratA khanI javA pAmyA hatA. sArAMza ke mahArAjA priyadarzinanI dharmaviSayaka temaja rAjakIya viSayaka nIti, ema banne, bhalabhalAne mana eka rabA-khiyANA samAna thai paDI hatI. eTale sa` kAine manamAM ema svabhAvika rIte ja thaI AvatuM che ke, ApaNA hAthamAM ja rAjyanI lagAma Ave teA, ApaNe paNa kAM te ja pramANe zakti phAravI na zakIe te tenA jevA suyaza meLavI na laie ? Ave prasaMga mahArAjA priyadarzinanA maraNu khAda tarata ja, A rAjA ane pureAhitanI joDIne sAMpaDI AvyeA hatA. A baMne15 vedAnuyAyI hatA. eTale priyadarzine jema jainadhamanA yaza jagaAzkArA karI batAvyA hatA, tema A vedAnuyAyI yugmane svadharmanA pracAra karI khatAvavAnA kADa ugI Ave te svabhAvika che ane ugI AvyA paNa hatA ja. parantu kamanasIbe je kuneha priyane vAparI hatI te te batAvI na zakavAthI, suyaza AMdhavAne khale keTalIka apakIrti temaNe vaheArI lIdhI hatI, A mATe te kAryane ApaNe irSAkhArI kahevI paDI che, chatAM rAjA tenuM varNana uparamAM apAI gayuM che. ahIM dharmapalaTA thayAM bAdanuM varNana che, eTale vedAnuyAyI hateA ema lakhyuM che.

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12 ] pataMjalI mahAzaya ane rAjA zAtakaraNi [ ekAdazama khaMDa sAtakaraNi mahAparAkramI hevAthI te sthiti jALavI potAnA manorathe ghaNe aMze amalamAM mUkAvI zakyA rAkhavAne zaktivata thayA hatA; paNa tenuM maraNa tarata hatA, je ApaNe pu. 3mAM puSyamitra-agnimitranA nIpajayuM ane tenI gAdIe je AvyA te tevA prabhAva- vRttAMtathI jANI cUkyA chIe. zALI na hovAthI DhIlI derI mUkI ane prajAne yatheccha cAlavA dIdhI, eTale tyAM punaHzAMti sthapAI A pramANe dharmaviSayaka harIphAImAM mahArAjA gaI che, je ApaNe AgaLanA paricchede nihALIzuM. priyadarzinanI ane rAjakIya viSayanI harIphAImAM pa. jyAre pataMjalI mahAzayane, "hAryo jugArI bamaNuM rame cANakayanI nItinI tulanA karavAmAM ane banI zake tenA jevo ja ghATa thayo hatA; kemake eka bAju te banne viSayamAM temanA uparIpade birAjavA mATe zAtakaraNinA gata thayA bAda, tenA pharajaMdonI prajAnI paMDita pataMjalie pitAnI sarva zakti upayogamAM lai, sAthe kaDaka hAthe kAma levAnI azakti pragaTa dekhAtI AkAza ane pAtALa eka karavAmAM bAkI rAkhI hatI eTale pitAnuM mana dhAryuM karI zakAya tema nahotuM. nahotI. paraMtu jeTalA pramANamAM temanAmAM zakti paraMtu bIjI bAju avatimAM potAnA sAgrIta puSya. ane utsAha bharyA hatAM, teTalA pramANamAM je kuneha mitranuM jera vizeSane vizeSa jAmatuM jatuM hatuM eTale ane dIrdhadaSTipaNe kAma levAnI paddhati akhatyAra tyAM pitAne khela vinAsaMkecebalka tenI madadathI karI hata, te atyAre temanA saghaLA prayAso je vizeSa prabaLatAthI khelI zakAze tevuM dekhAvAthI pitAne duniyAnI najare IrSyA ane adekhAiprerita dekhAI vasavATa temaNe tyAM pheravI nAMkhyo hato; tathA teo gayA che, teNe ora ja svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM heta.

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ujAsa - zvAsa Adara TI" ((((((I dazama pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra-(8) laMdara (9) Apilika-Apilaka (10) ane Avi-A traNenA rAjya ke I sabaLa mudde nedhA jaDatA na hovAthI traNenA ekatrita ApelAM vRttAMta- (11) meghasvAti pahelo-uparanA traNa ane A cothAnA rAjyakALa sudhI dakSiNanA darabAre rahI gayela vaidika dharmanI asara-vaLI jainAcArya kAlikasUrinA hAthe pratikAra thatAM, janama AgaLa tarI Avyo hato tenuM dRSTAMta sAthe Apela varNana-A graMthanA AlekhanamAM vAraMvAra dharmanA mahAsya upara varNana karela hovAthI, vidvAnoe lekhakane dhamadha ane svadharma pratye pakSapAti lekhela che; paraMtu te samayanA rAjAe dharmarakSA mATe kevA marI phITatA hatA tathA te uparathI temanAM jIvane kevAM raMgAyelAM rahetAM. tene khyAla . jyAMsudhI Ave nahIM tyAM sudhI, khare ItihAsa paNa aMdhArAmAM rahevA pAme ane rahevA pAmyo ja che te sthitine zilAlekha vigerenAM dRSTAMte sAthe Apela citAra-vaLI dharma zabdanA uccAra mAtrathI ja bhaDakI na jatAM, te samayanI ane vartamAnakALe karAtA tenA artha vaccenI manAI rahela, vyAkhyAne batAvela marma (12) sAdAsa urphe saMghasvAti-naM. agiyAramAnI peThe AnA rAjya paNa cAlela dharmayuddhane Apela khyAla-jethI kSaharATa nahapANa ane rANI baLazrInA putra tathA pautranA rAjya ketarAyala lekhane maLI Avate-ukela-tathA atyAra sudhI itihAsamAM thaI paDela vikRtine maLI AvatA citAra - . (13) meghasvAti bIje (14) ane mRgeMdra-temaNe calAvela taTasthapaNe rAjyaamala (15) svAtikarNa-tenI rANI baLathIne Apela paricaya; tathA teNIne naM. 16, 17 ane 18 mA AMdhrapati sAthe puravAra karI Apela sagapaNa saMbaMdha-tathA purANaka ane jaina graMthamAMnI hakIkatothI ane purAvAthI, sAbita karI Apela ApaNAM anumAne tathA anya etihAsika ghaTanAo- . (16) dIpakarNa; dIpakaNi-zAmATe teNe gAdI tyAga karyo hate tathA rANabaLazrInAM lAgavaga ane prabhAvane lIdhe rAjyamAM kevA kevA prasaMge banavA pAmyA hatA, tenuM kAMIka ApeluM varNana- 25

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194] labedara, Apilika ane Avi [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) nahotuM ema kahIe to cAle. naM. 10nuM rAjya I. sa. (8) laMbodara (9) Apilika-Apilaka pU. 196-5 mAM AraMbhAyuM, tyAM sudhI vidarbha-virAraprAMta (10) ane Avi AkhAye AMdhrapatine tAbe ja hato. pachI teNe kAMI naM. 7 sudhInAM rAjAonAM jIvana vize prakAza kAraNa ApyuM hoya ke te pradeza upara zAsana calAvatA pADavAmAM ke saMpUrNa te na ja kahI zakAya. chatAMye tenA mahArathIo-sUbAe kAMI kAraNa ApyuM hoya, paraMtu ThIkaThIka pramANamAM sAmagrI maLI AvI che jethI te avaMtipati rAjA agnimitrane yuddhamAM utaravAne prasaMga darekane chUTA pADIne ApaNe varNana karI batAvyuM che. ubho thayo hato. A kAraNe rAjakIya hevA karatAM paraMtu naM. 8thI 15 sudhInA ATha rAjAe saMbadhI matabheda hovAnuM vizeSataH jaNAya che. A yuddhane aMte bahu ja juja mAhitI maLI AvatI hovAne lIdhe, AMdhrapatine keTaloka pradeza gumAvavo paDayo cheuparAMta, koIka ThekANe be ke traNane ekaThA paNa nAMdhavA paDayA mAlavikA nAmanI kanyAne paNa lagnamAM devI paDI che che jyAre keTalAkane mAtra pAMcapaMdara lITImAM ja patAvI (A kanyA tenI ja hatI ke pelA mahArathInI, te cokkasa nAMkhavA paDayA che. A dhoraNane anusarIne ne.. ka thatuM nathI). A sivAya bIjo koI aitihAsika prasaMga ane 10 rAjAone ekatra rIte lIdhA che. ' noMdhavA yogya maLI AvatuM nathI tethI temanAM vRttAMta temanA keI vize, jene khAsa mAhitI kahI zakAya baMdha karIe chIe. tevI prApta thatI nathI ja, paraMtu saMgAnusAra-Anu. (11) meghasvAti pahele paMgika ekAda viSaya je maLI AvyA che, tenuM kAMIka kALa gaye. agnimitranI gAdIe tenA pautra vivecana karIzuM. naM. 7nA rAye jaNAvI gayA chIe baLamitra-bhAnumitranAM rAjya pradipta thayAM hatAM. teo ke, uttarahiMdamAM zRMgavaMzI amalataLe tema ja dakSiNa paNa pitAnA pitAmahanI peThe custa vaidikadhamAM hatA. hiMdamAM, zatavahanavaMzInI ANAmAM-hakumatamAM vaidika A bAju AMdhrapati tarIke medhasvAti pahelo Avyo matane rAjadharma tarIke svIkAravAmAM Avyo hato. temAMye hato. te paNa kharuM kahIe to jeke vaidikamatane ja zaMgavaMzIo pote ja brAhmaNakuLamAM janmela hovAthI pakSapAti hatA, chatAM jainadharma pratye dveSadhArI nahe. temaNe te dharmane custapaNe vaLagI rahIne sArI rIte jema baLamitra bhAnumitrane saMyukta rAjakALa 30 AgaLa vadhAryo hato, jyAre AMdhrapatio pite varSano hato, tema A medhasvAtine rAjakALa paNa kSatriyotpanna gaNAtA heine, temane potAnA pUrvajonA lagabhaga teTale ja dIrgha samayI balake vizeSa laMbAyalA dharmane prathama daraje mAna ApavuM rahetuM hatuM. temAMye hato. paraMtu medhasvAtinuM rAjyazAsana eka rIte vizeSa naM. 7 vALAe bhale parivartana karela hatuM, chatAM te paNa prabhAvavaMtu nIvaDayuM hatuM. kemake, baLamitra urphe oddaka ane eka bhale bahu najIkana,-pUrvaja te gaNAya ne (6)eTale bhAnumitra urphe bhAga-bannee saMyukta rAjya bhale 30 jema tenA tarapha pUjyabuddhi rAkhavAnuM Avazyaka gaNAya, varSa karyuM che, paraMtu prathaka rIte to darekane phALe paMdara paMdara tema vizeSa bhUtakALI pUrvajo pratye paNa mAnabuddhi te varSa ja kahI zakAze. vaLI teonA rAjya paMjAba taraphanI dharAvavI ja rahe; jethI anne varNavatAonI sthiti jarA sarahada taraphathI, paradezIonA humalAne je pravAha Dhacupacu ne DAmADoLa jevI rahetI hatI, eTale teo satata cAlyo Avo hato tene lIdhe, temane ghaNAkharo zuMgavaMzIonI peThe custa vaidikamatAnuyAyI nahotA. paraMtu samaya temanI sAthe yuddha karavAmAM ke tenI rUkAvaTa ayogAnusAra te dharma pratye jema kheMcAye jatA hatA, tema karavAmAM ja vyatIta thaye jatA hatA. eTale temane rAjyanI jainadharmanI avagaNatA paNa karI zakatA na hatA. pariNAma zAMti jALavI rAkhavAmAM samaya maLatA nahotA. vaLI e AvyuM hatuM ke uttarahiMdamAM dharmanimitte je kAMIka paradezIo sAthenA yuddhamAM joDAvAthI temanAM akALa mRtyu damana calAvAye jatuM hatuM, temAMnuM dakSiNahiMdamAM kAMIe thavA pAmyAM hatAM. A sarva kAraNone laIne temane rAjaya

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dazama pariccheda ] laMdara, Apilika ane Avi kALa, prajA kalyANanI daSTie zunyavata lekhIe te amarAvatI ke varaMguLamAM hovAnuM ApaNe jaNAvI lekhAya te hato. jyAM prajAkalyANa tarapha upekSAvRtti gayA chIe. kAlikasUri tyAM pahoMcyA. joke tyAMye sevAtI rahetI hoya, tyAM prajAmAM dharma pracAra vize bahu rAjadharma tarIke vaidika dharma ja paLAto hato, paraMtu paDI hovAnuM mAnI levuM, te jarAka vadhAre paDatuM gaNAya. avaMtipatinI peThe custapaNuM nahotuM; tema prajA sAthe eTale agnimitra karatAM baLamitra-bhAnamitranA rAjya rAjya bahu ja ekhalAsabharyo vartAva calAvyuM jatuM vaidikamatane ochuM piSaNa maLyuM hatuM ema kahI hatuM; tema avaMtinI aDoaDa evuM bIjuM kaI rAjya zakAze. paraMtu jyAre ApaNane kahevAmAM Ave che ke nahotuM ke tyAM jaI pite Azraya laI rahe; vaLI takSilAnA yena saradAra enTIolasidAse avaMti- AMdhrapatione mULa bApike dharma te cena ja hato. pati evA kAziputra bhAgarAjAnA dharma pratye sahAnubhUti AvAM anekavidha kAraNene vicAra karI-samayadharma darzAvavA, eka moTo stUpa, sAMcI-ujjainanI nagarIe oLakhI-temaNe dakSiNa tarapha ja vihAra karyo hato ne dAnamAM ubhe karAvyo hato (pu. 3 pR. 111). tyAre pitAnuM zeSa comAsuM tyAM vyatIta karyuM hatuM. ApaNe mAnavAne kAraNa maLe che ke, rAjA bhAgane svadharma ahI AMdhrapatinA rAjanagaranuM nAma varaMguLa-amarApratye anupama mamatA hevI ja joIe. A hakIktane vatI jaNAvyuM che, paraMtu jaina sAhityamAM (bha. bA. puSTi e uparathI pAchI maLe che ke, rAjA bhAge . bhA. pR. 187) "pratiSThAnapuramAM comAsuM rahevA pitAnA bhANeja baLabhAnune, potAnA mAmA kAlika gayA...tyAM zAlivAhana nAme rAjA rAjya karate sUrie jyAre jainadharmanI dikSA ApI tyAre krodhamAM hatA." A pramANe zabda che. atra jema zAlivAhana ne krodhamAM-banne pakSe, eka pakSe sago bhANeja ne bIjA rAjA hAlanuM nAma asaMgata che paraMtu zatavahanavaMzI pakSe sago mAmo hovA chatAM, eTale ke banne pakSa rAjA samajo rahe che, tema pratiSThAnapura te prasiddhapaNe tarapha samadaSTi keLavavAnI hovA chatAM, bhara comAse rAjanagara hatuM evA khyAlathI lakhAI gayuM samajavuM; jaina sAdhuone vihAra karavAno niSedha karAyelo che jyAre kharI rIte te amarAvatI nagara lakhAvuM joIe. evuM jANavAmAM AvyuM. chatAMe avaMtinI hada choDI je pramANe A kathAnuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che te devAno rAjahukama pharamAvyo hato. A kAlikasUri jaina- uparathI tathA te samayanA prAsaMgika anya vivecanethI dharmanA eka mahAsamartha AcArya-yugapradhAna-te tenuM nAma aMtaraMjiko (juo AgaLa naM. 16 nA samaye gaNAtA hatA; temane yugapradhAna tarIke varNanamAM rANu baLazrInI samakSa thayela vAdanuM varNana) samaya jainasAhitya pramANe ma. sa. 735thI 376 hovAnuM samajAya che. A nAma varaMguLa mATe vaparAyuM I. sa. pU. 192thI 15=41 varSane gaNAve che. haze ke amarAvatInuM bIjuM nAma haze ke, varaMguLa yAM rAjahakama thaye tyAM tene mAne dIdhA sivAya amarAvatI vane kAI trIjI ja nagarI haze te eka chuTake ja nahIM. eTale kAlikarie lAcArIthI dakSiNa saMzodhanane viSaya che. amAruM aMgata maMtavya e thAya tarapha prayANa kareluM. A samaye AMdhrapatienuM rAja che ke, amarAvatI nagarInuM paryAya vAcaka nAma aMtapATa paiThaNamAM na hovAne badale bennATaka prAMta, raMjikA hovuM joIe. tyAM sthiti karAyA bAda ekadA (1) kAIkanA mata pramANe temano samaya 386-396 (3) chatAM bIjo prasaMga je ubho thayo che te vakhate sudhI paNa che. banavA joga che ke kadAca 376 ne badale te rAjA hAla zAlivAhananuM ja rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. AvI temane jIvanakALa 10-20 varSa vadhAre laMbA hoya ane rIte aneka banA ekanA samaye thayA hovA chatAM tethI A samaya noMdha paDa hoya. bIjAMnA rAjya thayAnuM noMdhAI javAyuM che. (juo nara, . (2) juo bha, bA, 2. bhA, 5, 187. 16nuM vRttAMta)

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dharmanuM mahatva ane graMthAlekhana [ ekAdazama khaMDa paryuSaNa nAme jenenuM mahAparva AvyuM tyAre rAjAe keTalAya bhAgane jainadharmamAM sthira karyo hato. A temanA pUchayuM ke "he svAmI, paryuSaNa parva kaye divasa karazuM! prayAsane, naM. 7 zatakaraNi ane pachInA samaye thayela gurUe kahyuM, bhAdaravA sudi paMcamIne divase. bhUpatie dharmakrAMtinA pratyAghAta tarIke-action ane reaction pUchyuM, paMcamIne divase te ahi Idramahatsava thAya -lekho hoya to paNa lekhI zakAze. rAjA meghasvAtinA che mATe jo tenI (paMcamI) pahelAM ke pachI, paryuSaNa maraNa bAda tene putra saudAsa urphe saMdhasvAti gAdIe mahotsava thAya te huM paNa te divase tapa-niyama AvyuM che. jinAlayamAM echava pramukha karAvuM. gurUe kahyuM. ApaNuM A graMthamAM I. sa. pU. 900 thI I. bhAdaravA zadi pAMcama pachI eka pahore paNa e sa. 100 sudhInA lagabhaga eka hajArathI agiyArase paryuSaNa utsava na thavuM joIe, paNa te pahelAM varSano itihAsa Alekhe che. kara heya te thAya. ASADha comAsAnA (ASADha dharmanuM mahatva ane te vakhatanI AryasaMskRti ane zuda pUnamathI) eka mAsa ne vIsa divasa (pacAsa graMthAlekhana atyAranI AryasaMskRtimAM mahAna divasa) vIte chata, paryuSaNa karavAnuM bhagavAne pharamAvyuM parivartana thaI gayuM che ema che. rAjAe AcAryane vacana mAnya karyuM. tyAre saue sarva kAI svIkAre che. jene artha ema karI zakAya uttaravAraNa karyA. sarva zrAvakee paNa AcAryane ke, te vakhatanI prajAnAM mAnasa, raheNIkaraNI, rAjanA saMmata evuM saMvatsarI parva kAlikAcAryanI sAthe cothane AcAravicAra tathA sAMsArika vyavasthA ane jIvana divase karyuM" kahevAno matalaba e che ke kAlika vagere sarvanI paristhitimAM ati vipulapaNe pheraphAra sarinA upara pramANenA upadezathI, rAjA zatavahana thaI gayA che. pachI te pariNAma-parivartana, sudhArAmAM jainadharmamAM daDha thaye tathA paryuSaNa parvanI ArAdhanA, ke kudhArAmAM, sukhamAM ke du:khamAM, athavA sArAmAM te samaya sudhI je bhAdrapada zudi pAMcamanA divase ke naThArAmAM, ke sarva mizritapaNe thavA pAmyuM che, te thatI hatI te pheravIne bhAdrapada zadi 4nA divase te prazna bhinna che; paraMtu thayuM che eTale te nizcita che ja. nagaranA zrAvake sAthe teNe karI ane te bAda te Ama chatAM graMtha AlekhanamAM ame je kAMi dhAraNa pramANe karavAno rivAja pracalita thayo. A kAlika- ke paddhati prahaNa karI che tene kayAsa, mApa, mulyAMkana, sari evA jabaradasta gItArtha ane zAstra nipuNa vAcakavargane keTaleka bhAga, vartamAna kALanA dhoraNe karI hatA ke temanA jJAnanI cikitsA idradeve karI hatI nAMkhe che tethI amane alpAMze duHkha te thAya che ja ane saMtuSTa paNa thayA hatA. A kAlikarie pavannA paraMtu tethI nirAzA sevI amAre amArA kAryamAM nAmanA AgamasatranI racanA karela hovAthI jaina pAchI pAnI bharavI te yogya nathI lAgatuM. eka itisaMpradAyamAM "payavajJAkAra" tarIke oLakhAyA che. vaLI hAsakAra tarIke amAre te pu. 2nA mukhapRSTa upara je samajAya che ke atyArasudhI punamiyA mahinAnI zleka TAMkI batAvyo che. tevI niSpakSapAta vRttithI ja gaNatrI thatI hatI je AgaLa jatAM, zakAri vikramA kAma levuM ghaTe che ane te ja pramANe lIdhe gayA chIe dityanA nAmano vikrama saMvatsara sthApita thatAM tenI khAtrI ApIe chIe. A bAbatane sUcana amAsAMta mahinAmAM pheravAI gayelI che. ame lagabhaga dareka pustakanI prastAvanAmAM karyuM che upara nirdiSTa karAyela IsArAthI phalita thAya che ja, chatAM avAranavAra je TIkAo ane avakanArA, ke. I. sa. pU. 150 sudhI zatavahana vaMzIo vaidika. janatAnA vicAra jANavAnI amane taka maLI che temaja dhamAM rahyA haze. tyAra bAda ke te arasAmAM jenA keTalAka vidvAnonA rUbarU paricayamAM AvatA temanA cAryanA upadezathI pAchA teo jainadharmAsakata banavA taraphanA udagAro zravaNa thavA pAmyA che, te uparathI pAmyA hatA. temaja A AcArya dakSiNanI prajAnA samajAya che ke, haju te gerasamajUti dUra karAvavAnI

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dazama pariccheda ] dharmanuM mahatva ane graMthAlekhana " [ 197 AvazyatA dekhAya che ja nahIM te je zuddha AzayathI vavA pratye ja keMdrita banI rahetuM. temane mana, Arthika graMtha lakhavAne preraNA thaI che te mAryo javAnI lAbha ke parasparanA AcArAtpanna bhedamAMthI nIpajatA bhIti rahe che. jhagaDAo, te manuSyajIvana barabAda karavA mATe ke ene amAre bacAva karavA mATe A kathanane DhAla gumAvanArUpa gaNAtuM. eTale ja dravyasaMcaya karavA mATe tarIke maherabAnI karIne koI na lakhe, paraMtu jyAM vartamAnakALe jema manuSya dareka prakAranI yuktiprayukti vastusthiti ja tevI dekhAtI hoya tyAM bicArA vApare che, tevA prakArano udyama sevavAmAMthI te kALe lekhakane doSa zA mATe devo ghaTe? amArI khAtrI cheteo dara ne dUra bhAgatA rahetA. teone mana, dharma ke, amArA sthAne anya koI heta te te paNa te ja e te eka amulya, virala ane durlabha vastu ja pramANe varNana karata. alabatta, zabda ane vAkya- lekhAtI. dharma rakSaNane mATe jIMdagInuM balidAna paNa racanAmAM phera paDe, paNa tethI kAMI vastunuM svarUpa badalI tuccha lekhatA. sAmAnya manuSyanI paNa AvI manodazA jatuM te na ja gaNAya. amAre be muddA upara vAcaka jyAM rahelI hoya tyAM kSatricita bhUpationI dazAnI mahAzayanuM dhyAna doravuM rahe che. eka dharma zabdanA te vAta ja zI karavI ? teo svajIvana uparAMta, mahatvane aMge, ane bIjuM jena zabdanA arthane mATe. potAnA rAjapATa ane sarvane paNa hoDamAM mUkI prathama dharma zabda laIe. te zabdanA gUDhArtha devAne tatparatA dAkhavatA. AvI sthitivALAne, ane rahasya vize kAMI paNa atra uccAravuM te ApaNe vartamAnakALe karAtI dharmazabdanI vyAkhyAnA arthamAM kSetranI bahAra ja gaNAya. atra to ApaNe cetavaNI laI jaI ApaNuM trAjavA-kATalAMthI toLavA besI rUpe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke vartamAnakALe jema dharmane, jaIe, te pachI arthane anartha ja thAya ke bIjuM prajAnA eka bhAgane bIjA sAthe athaDAvI mAravAnA kaMI ? kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, dharma zabdanuM mahatva kAryamAM, hathiyArarUpe upayogamAM levAI che tevA bhAvamAM atyAre pravartI rahelI manodazAthI AMkavAnuM nathI ja; te samaye teno upayoga ja thato nahoto. eTale kemI ane je ATaluM samajAze te, te vakhatanA rAjavIo bhedabhAva ke uzkeraNInA rUpamAM tene kadApI lekhAte potAnA dAnapatro, ane zilAlekhamAM je kAMI dAna detAke nahote. atyAre sarva kAryanuM mUlyAMkana, Arthika zabdono ullekha karatA, tene marma paNa tarata spaSTagaNutrie aMkAtuM hevAthI, dareke dareka vastunI kiMmata paNe samajI javAze; tathA yuddho khelavAmAM paNa tenA rUpiyA AnA pAInA hisAbe ja makAya che; ane jema nimittarUpa dhananI ane yazanI teone lAlupatA hatI ke eka vastunI kimata vizeSa rUpiyAmAM aMkAya tema temAM kevaLa dharmarakSaNanI bhAvanA ja rahelI hatI tenI upayogitAnuM dhoraNa vizeSapaNe lekhAtuM rahe che. te paNa ApoApa samajI zakAze. sikkAcihano A badhI adhibhauktika dazA sUcave che. te Aloka paNa A vAtanI puSTi pUre che. paricheda pAMca jIvananI ahika manovRttinI parAkASTA sUcave che. ane chamAM varNavelAM sarva zilAlekho paNa te ja jyAre prAcIna samaye dharmane, Aloka jIvana sAthe vAtanI sAkSI rUpe dekhAze. te ja pramANe, ame paNa je aMtaraMga saMbaMdha nahote lekhAto. tene te vizeSapaNe vastusthitine yathArtha citAra na ApIe te eka paralokajIvana sAthe. tenA utkarSa-apakarSanA kAraNabhUta itihAsakAra tarIke ame paNa amArI pharaja adA lekhI anusaravAnuM lekhAtuM ke jethI mANasanuM A karavAmAM pazcAta rahI gayA gaNAIzuM. ane tethI ja saMsAranuM AkhuM jIvana, jema bane tema AtmakalyANanA vAraMvAra, temanI dhArmikavRttine pratibibata karavAne mArgarUpe vahe, tathA jene saMgoe yArI ApI heya amAre Azraya levo paDe che, nahIM ke koI teo sAthe sAthe paramArca paNa karyuM jAya. paraMtu sarvanuM anya AzayathI. lakSyabiMdu sva temaja paranA AtmAne uccagAmI bane- dharmazabdanuM mahattva samajAvyA bAda have, jena

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198 ] dharmanuM mahatva ane graMthAlekhana zabdane artha kAMIka aMze samajAvIzuM. jenazabda, jAya che, ke dareke dareka mANase jaina thavAne prayatnazIla jI=jItavuM, uparathI yojAyo che. jeNe jIta meLavI banavuM ja joIe; je jeTale darajaje potAnA aMtaranA che tene na kahevAya ane je jInane anusare che jene duzmanone haNI zake, teTale darajaje te jaina thayo kahevAya. kahevAya. A pramANe tene vyutpatti artha thAya che. jenane keIjJAti, varNa, ke AjIvikAnuM sAdhana meLavatAM ATale daraje sarvasaMmata hakIkata che. paNa chata zenI? sAdhana jevA, kRtrimabhedanuM baMdhana paravaDI zake ja nahIM. zA mATe? kemanI upara ? tene yathArtha ne samajavAthI uparanI vyAkhyA te, zAtiparatve vANiyA, brAhmaNuM, gerasamajUti ubhI thAya che. A bAbatane khulAse nAgara, khristi, I; ke, vaNaparatve kSatriya, zaka, vaizya, kiMcideze ApavA prayatna karIe. kenI upara? duzmana I. I.; ke AjIvikA prAptinA bheda jevA ke, mecI, upara; zA mATe? AtmakalyANa mATe; AtmAnA kuMbhAra, telI, bhaMgI ke khATakI I. I. bhedane, jaina utkarSa mATeH zenI chata? hathiyAravaDe meLavelI nahIM, banavAne kaI prakAranI aTakAyata mUkatA ja nathI; tema paraMtu kharA aMtaHkaraNanI, ane mananA saMyamavaDe meLavelI vartamAnakALe upasthita thaI gayela dharmabhedo mATe paNa, chata; kemake hathiyAra vaDe jIta meLavavAmAM te hiMsA jena zabdane kharI rIte lAgatuMvaLagatuM nathI. temAM te - pradhAnapaNe rahelI che, jyAre mana upara saMyama rAkhIne vaidikadharmanuyAyI paNa AvI zake che. eka musalamAna baMdhu jIta meLavavAmAM kaSAyono nigraha keLavAya che. tema ja paNa AvI zake che, temaja pArasI bhAIone, khristIduzmana eTale kAMI dekhItA duzmane nahIM ke jeo baMdhune, samAjIsTane, zikha, kabIrapaMthIne, rAmAnuM lAkaDI, lAThI, talavAra, baMdUka laIne sAmA dhasI AvI jamane, liMgAyatane I. I. sarva keIne paNa samAveza ApaNe dekhIe tema ApaNI sAme ghA karI zake che; thaI zake che. matalaba ke jaina zabdane. duniyAdArInA paraMtu AtmAnA duzmano, ke jemanI saMgatithI AtmA vyavahArane aMge tathA samAja vyavasthAne aMge, je kRtrima pitAnI uccagati sAdhI zakato nathI; pitAnA-nija. bheda pAchaLathI ubhA thavA pAmyA che, temAMnA keInI svarUpamAM ramaNa karI zakato nathI. arthAta je duzmano sAthe saMbaMdha che ja nahIM. tene kevaLa aMtarAtmA. aMtaranI tene bAdhaka thaI aTakAva nAMkhyA kare che-jevA ke, IrSA, Urmio, manuSyanI manovRtti, hRdayanA bhAva I. sAthe ja verajhera, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, matsara, ItyAdi saMbaMdha che.samrATa priyadarzinanA zilAlekhone, staMbhalene kaSA; ke je vyavahAramAM vyabhicAra, rIcapATI, 5NuM uDANamAM utarIne nihALIzuM te amArA A degephisAda I. I. rUpe pragaTapaNe dekhA daI rahyA che. kathanano marma tarata samajI javAze. eTale ja te sarvane, A badhA aMtaranA duzmane kahevAya che. bAhiranA jema vizvabaMdhutvanI bhAvanA pragaTa karatA lekhavAmAM duzmanane haNavAmAM-te upara jIta meLavavAmAM-te Ave che-AvyA che, tema jainadharma vAstavikarIte te hiMsAne Azraya levo paDe che, jyAre aMtaranA duzmanone sakaLa vizvamAM, pachI te manuSya, deva, nArakI ke tiryaMca, kharA karI, jIta meLavavAmAM ke saMpUrNapaNe haNavAmAM, (jenA bheda pazu, pakSI Adi kahI zakAya che) nine AtmasaMyama keLavavo rahe che ane temAM jarAye jIva hoya, athavA sAmAjIka vyavasthAne aMge, zeTha ke hiMsAne sthAna rahetuM nathI. matalaba ke bahAranA duzmanone nokara hoya, pati ke patnI hoya, rAjA ke gulAma haNavAnuM kArya hiMsAmaya che jyAre aMtaranA zatrune heya, ke te prakAranA aneka bheda mAne keI haiya, to haNavAnuM kArya tadana ahiMsAmaya che. A svarUpamAM je paNa te sarva pratye, baMdhutvanI bhAvanA piSavAne ja jana ane senane kharA artha samajavAmAM Ave to, nideze che. paraMtu kevaLa te zabdano artha. vartamAnakALa je anartha ke gerasamajUti ubhI thavA pAme che te jema amuka prakAranA AcAra AcaranArane ja ke tevA ApoApa nirmaLa thaI jaze. upara pramANe artha mAbApane peTe janma dhAraNa karavAne lIdhe ja tene vIkAratAM, te paNa spaSTapaNe ane svayaMsiddha thaI jaina lekhavAmAM Ave che tema saMkucita arthamAM kadApi

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dAma praoika ] prAcIna samaye vAparavAmAM AvatA ja naheAtA. jema A pArigrAphanI AdimAM AryasaMskRtinI thai paDelI avadazAnuM sUcana karavAmAM AvyuM che, tema A banne zabdonI paNa dazA thaI paDI che ema ja samajavuM rahe che. " eka bIjI paristhiti paNa ceAkhavaTa mAMgI le che. jyAre jyAre ema jAhera karavAmAM Ave ke, amuka rAjA ke vyakti jainamatAnuyAyI hatA, tyAre tyAre kAie ema samajI levuM nahIM, ke te anyaHmata mATe tiraskAra dharAvatA hatA athavA teA vAcakavargamAM ame tevI buddhi utpanna karavA te zabdo vAparyo che. kharI rIte te atyAranI peThe, te samaye ATalA badhA vADA ane dharmanA bhede| hatA ja nahIM. eTale, jyAM "mUruM nAsti kutaH zAlA "tI ukti pramANe dharmapratye abhAva ke ghRNA upajAvavAnA vicArane sthAna ja rahetuM nathI, tema, vaidikadharma ane jainadharma evA zabdo vAparavAmAM AvyA hAya te paNu, tenA sarva AcAra vicAranA bheda darzAvavA mATe vaparAyA che ema samajavAnuM nathI. tevA bheda varNavavAnuM kAma itihAsakAranuM hAi zake ja nahIM. te tenA viSayathI para che. vaLI vaidikadharmanA aneka tapa, japa, saMkhyA sAmagrI ane vidhividhAnamAM paNa manevRtti upara saMyama keLavavAnuM hAya che ja, jenA samAveza jainadharmamAM paNa thai zake che ja; (uparamAM ApaNe jaNuAvI gayA chIe tema). eTale khAtrI thaze ke vaidikadharmanI mahattA ochI AMkavAnI ke tenI kAI rIte avagaNanA karavAnI tema hAI zake ja nahI. kevaLa eTaluM ja dhAravAnuM che ke, jyAM vaidikadharmanA ullekha karAyA haiAya tyAM, tenI kreTalIka kriyA, jevI ke azvamedhayajJa che. i. jemAM hiMsApradhAna sthiti pravartamAna hAya che te sthiti sUcavatA ja te zabda prayeAga karAyA haiAvAnuM samajavAnA che. chatAM amAre te 'jaina' zabda vAparavAnA paNa Agraha nathI. te zabdathI kAi paNa prakAranI gerasamajUti ke anartha ubhAM thatAM hAya tA, te jagyAe te bhAvane saMpUrNa paNe samajAvI zake tevA anya phrAI zabda vAparavAnI sUcanA karavAmAM Ave te, te pramANe sudhArA karavAne paNa darekapaLe taiyAra ja chIe. saudAsa urphe sa`ghasvAti [ 199 A pramANe dharma ane jaina zabdanuM mahAtmya sama javAthI, khAtrI rAkhuM chuM ke vAcakavarga, meM jaina mAbApane peTe janma lIdhA heAvAthI, huM vartamAnakALe jaita kahevarAvI zakuM chuM, tethI meM jainadharmanA pakSapAta karIne jyAM te tyAM tenA guNagAna gAyAM karyA che tevuM dhArI na mese. itihAsa AlekhanamAM pakSapAta karavA poSAya ja nahIM. ane jo karavAmAM Ave te te ughADA paDI jaine aMte beAbarUne pAme che. (12) saudAsa urphe saMghasvAti medhasvAti bAda tene putra saudAsa urphe saMdhasvAti AMdhrapati thayA che. tenA rAjyakALa daramiyAna vizeSa banAvA banyA . hAvAnuM nAMdhAyuM nathI. mAtra je ekAda e anyAnuM samajAyuM che tenI hakIkata jaNAvIzuM. te keTalI uMmaranA gAdie beThA hatA tenA ullekha maLatA nathI. paNa anumAna karI zakAya che ke, te AdheDavayA. 40 uparanA hevA joie. naM. 8, 9 ane 10nA rAjAonA rAjyakALa zAMtithI pasAra thayA gaNI zakAya; tema ja te veLAnA mAnavIonAM AyuSya, sAmAnya rIte zAMtimAM jIvana gaLAyuM hAya teA, 60-70 varSa hAvAnuM teA dekhAya che, eTale A rAjAe moTI uMmare gAdIe eThA hovAnuM ane tema chatAMye teoe sAmAnya rIte 12 thI 18 jeTalAM varSa rAjya bhAgavyAnuM dhArI zakAya che. te ja niyame naM. 11 vALA medhasvAti paNa je AdheDavaye bhUpati banavA pAmyA hAya ane tenuM rAjya 38 varSa jeTalA lAMkheAkALa cAlyuM heAya chatAMye naM. 12 vALA bhUpati jyAre gAdIe AvyA tyAre, tenA pitA karatAM paNa uMmare meATA ja hAvA joie. vaLI A naM. 12nuM rAjya pAchuM 29 varSa jeTaluM ThIkaThIka laMkhAyuM che, eTale tenA putra naM. 13 gAdIe AnyA haiAya tyAre naM. 12 karatAM uparanA niyame vizeSa vRddha thaI gayeA hAvA joie. A pramANe mAtra kalpanA ja karavI rahe che. kAi pramANabhUta purAveA nathI maLatA, paraMtu naM. 13nuM rAjya je kevaLa traNeka varSa cAlyuM hAvAnuM noMdhAyuM che tathA tenA jIvanamAM je mahAna rAjakIya prasaMga banavA pAmyA che tenuM samIkaraNa karavAmAM Ave che, tyAre upara dvArelA ApaNA anumAnane puSTi maLI rahe che. eTale

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saudAsa . saMghasvAti 200 ] [ ekAdazama kheDa DhArelA anumAnamAM kAMika satya svIkAravuM rahe che. naM. 12nA samaya i. sa. pU. 145 thI 116=29 varSanA TharAvavA paDayA che. jyAre atipati nahapANA samaya I. sa. pU. 114 thI 74nA TharAvAyA che. tema zilAlekha naM. 31 thI 35 (jIe pariccheda 5 ane 6)thI mAhitI maLe che ke, kSaharATa napANanI vatI tenA jamAi zaka rUpavadAte, nAsika-kAle -kaherIvALA gAdAvarInadInA mULavALA geAvaradhana prAMtamAM, AMdhrapati upara keTalIka jatA meLavI che. A yuddhane samaya, madhya dezAdhipati bhramaka kSaharATanA aMta ane (jIe pu. 3, pR. 141nI sAmenuM patraka) nahapANanA rAjyanI AdinA che; vaLI naM. 12vALA AMdhrapatinA rAjyanA aMtane samaya paNa teja che. A vakhate tenI uMmara, upara lakhI gayA pramANe ati vRddha thai gaI hovI joie. eTale anumAna thAya che ke, vRddhapaNAne lIdhe paNa tene zikasta khAvI paDI hAya. atyAre tArAjAene peAtAne, yuddhanA medAne utaravuM nathI paDatuM, paraMtu te kALe, te niyama pramANe hatuM ke kema te kahI zakAtuM nathI. jo ke rUSabhadate tenA sasarA nahapANu taraphathI, temaja pradhAna ayame tenA rAjA nahapANu taraphathI, temaja skhA zyAmake, rAjA gautamIputra zAtakaraNa taraphathI, laDAImAM pATha bhaja vyAnuM noMdhAyuM che; paraMtu tethI sarvathA evA niyama nathI ja karI zakAtA ke rAjA pAte paNa sainyanI dAravaNI krAI kALe nahAtA ja karatA. ulaTa evAM paNa dRSTAMte maLI Ave che ke, jyAM khuda, rAjA ke tenA yuvarAja meAkhare rahIne dhUmyA hAya. vaLI eka khIjI sthitinA khyAla karavA paNa atra Avazyaka che. nahapANa ane rUSavadatta A pradeza upara je caDhAi laI AvyA che temAM mAtra rAjakIya hetu samAyelA nahAtA; eTaleke kevaLa rAjya vistAranI dRSTi ja temAM rahI nahetI. paraMtu hakIkata ema che ke, trirazmi parvatavALA A sarva pu. 3, temanAM vRttAMto) dharma jaina hatA. uparAMta A pArvatIya pradezane rathAvata-rUkSa-nAmathI oLakhavAmAM AvyA che ( jue zilAlekha naM. 13). eTale svabhAvika che ke, jyAre nahapANu pAte Ave jabaradasta rAjavI banyA che tathA avaMtipati thayela hAvAthI sarva bhAratamAM avala darajjAneA bhUpAla lekhAya che tyAre, temaja jyAre te samayanA dareka kSatriya rAjavIne dharmarakSaNanI ke dharmAMnnatinI vAta teA jIvananA eka mahAna lahAvArUpa thaI paDelI gaNAya che tyAre te pote paNa svadharma tIrthane peAtAnI sattAmAM meLavavAne kAI jAtanA prayatnanI . uNapa na ja rahevA de te samajI zakAya tevuM che. te AzayathI ja (jIe pu. 3, pR. 217) A yuddho vizeSataH AdaravAmAM AvyA hatA; te pratipakSe, te vakhataneA sattArUDha AMdhrapati pote paNa,, jo ke tenA ja svadharmI hatA. parantu te vaMzanA pUrva rAjavIee dharmaparivartana karI vALyuM hatuM, eTale tevA saMjogA kadAca punaHrUpasthita thAya, te tIrthadhAmane sahana karavuM paDe tenA karatAM kAM peAtAnA rAjyamAM te pradeza na bheLavI deva, evA vicAra manamAM dharAvatA hatA, eTale jema napANane Azaya svatIrthaM svasattAmAM meLavI levAnA hatA, tema pratipakSe rAjA saudAsa AMdhrapatine Azaya paNa svatIrthanA rakSaNanA hatA. dharmatI anyane tAme hAya, tApaNu kSatriyA potAnI sattAmAM levAnA jyAre svadha lekhe che tyAre ahIM te| dha tIrthane peAtAnI sattAmAMthI sarI jatuM aTakAvavAnuM ja hatuM. eTale yuddhamAM caDavAnuM kArya AMdhrapatie, prathamathI ja ke hArajevuM dekhAtAM pAchaLathI pazu, peAtAnA zIra upara upADI lIdhuM hoya te zakaya che. tema nahapANe te paNa, peAtAnA yuvarAja jevA jamAine ja te caDhAinuM te kAae sAMpela che. A pramANe banne pakSe rAjavIe pote ja, nahIM ke sainyapatinA upara sa. bhAra mUkI vistAra, tenA dharmanuM eka pavitra tIrthadhAma hatuM (juechane, medAne paDayA hatA. temaja yuddhanA pariNAme lekha naM. 13 tathA TIkAe khAsa karIne naM. 25). vaLI ApaNe pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke, kSaharATa prajAne, nahapANane tathA zaka prajAne-rUSabhadatta Adine (jIe jIta meLavIne vijaya meLavanAra pakSe, je prakAre dAna dIdhAnI hakIkata lekhamAM kAtarAvI che te paNa ApaNA kathanane vizeSa samarthana Ape che. eTale A sarve

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dazama pariccheda ] meghasvAti bIjo tathA mRgeMdra [ 201 paristhiti vicAratAM, rAjA dAse pote ja yuddhamAM NAme nIpajavA pAmyuM hatuM te nakkI kahI zakAtuM nathI. bhAga lIdho hoya ane laDatAM laDatAM, hAra khAdhI hoya tenA maraNa pAmavAthI tenI gAdIe tene putra mRgeMdra ke tenuM maraNa nIpajavA jevuM vadhAre mAThuM paNa banI Avyo che. javA pAmyuM heya-game te saMyogo ubhA thayA hoya (14) mRgeMdra paranta A arasAmAM tenuM maraNa thavAthI tenI gAdIe teno samaya ApaNe I. sa. pU. 113 thI 2 teno putra medhasvAti bIje Avyo dekhAya che. ane sadhInA 21 varSano TharAvyo che. A AkhAye samaya rAjakIya dRSTie thoDIka ja jamIna gumAvI hatI chatAM avaMtinI gAdIe, nahapANanuM rAjatva jhaLakI rahyuM hatuM. dharmatIrtha gumAvyAne A banAva vizeSa kalaMkarUpa A nahapANe gAdIe AvatAM veMta "rAjA" pada dhAraNuM lekhAvA che. A jItathI bahubahu te nahapANane karIne je svadharma tIrthanuM Adhipatya meLavI levAnI tAbe thoDAka corasa mAIlane ja vistAra javA pAmya IcchA jAgRta thayelI te taratamAM pUrI karI nAMkhI hatI. gaNAze. vaLI vidvAnonuM je mAnavuM thAya che ke, A te bAda vizeSa bhUmi meLavavAnI IcchA karI nahotI. chatathI AMdhrapatine pitAnuM rAjanagara tyajI devA jevI temaja tAjetaramAM avaMti jItI lIdhela hovAthI, te nAlezI vahorI levI paDI hatI te te mAtra ka95nA ja pradezamAM ja eTaluM badhuM kAma paDayuM hatuM ke temAMthI phurasada che; je ApaNe zilAlekhI pUrAvAthI pUravAra karI meLavavA jevo samaya paNa rahyo nahote. A be kAraNane ApyuM che. matalaba ke kalaMka lAgyuM che te cokkasa che lIdhe, teNe AMdhrapatinI bhUminI bhItaramAM pravezavAnuM paraMtu tenA kAraNarUpe je kalpanA khaDI karAI che te choDI dIdhuM hatuM. eTale AMdhrapatine uttara dizA taraphathI kapoLakalpita ja che; kemake rAjapATa to TheTha naM. 4thI nizcitatA maLI gaI hatI. tema pitAnA rAjyamAMthI, zAtakaraNinA samayathI bennATaka nagare ja sthApita pazcime je thoDo pradeza-govaradhana samayavALA bhAgathaI cUkyuM hatuM. kamI thaI gayo hato, te sivAya dariyAsudhI te bAju, - A sivAya anya kaI banAva tenA rAjyakALe ke pUrva bAja.kAI anya rAjasattA nahatI ke te taraphathI banyA hovAnuM jaNAyuM na hovAthI tenA putra megha humalo AvavAnI tene bIka rAkhavI paDe. tema dakSiNamAM svAti bIjAnuM varNana karIzuM. paNa koI tene raMjADe tevuM nahotuM ja, kemake tyAMnAM (13) meghasvAti bIje nAnAM nAnAM rAjyo te pitAnA tAbAmAM ja hatAM. naM. 12nA varNanamAM jaNAvyA pramANe te chatAMye jo temAMnuM koI svataMtrapaNe vartatuM hoya teya pitAnI gAdIe beThe tyAre temanA karatAM paNa vizeSa temAMnA keInI tAkAta nahotI ke evaDA moTA umarano hato. eTale dhArI zakAya che ke lagabhaga 50nI rAjyanA svAmI upara caDAI laI javAnI himata kare. uMmare pahoMcyo haze. A sthitino lAbha laI, nahapANanA A pramANe cAre dizAethI humalo AvavAne bhaya jamAI rUSabhadAte atyAre pUrve nAsika jIllAnAM keTalAMka nirmaLa thayela hovAthI teNe zAMtipUrvaka ja rAjya tIrthadhAmo meLavavAnuM je bAkI rAkhyuM hatuM te kAma calAvyuM lAge che. eTale keAI bIje mahatvane banAva je nahapANa avaMtipati banyuM ke bIjA ja varase, tenA na banyo hoya tyAM sudhI tenA vize nedhavAnuM kAMI pradhAna athavA sUbA ame upADayuM hatuM. (i. sa. pU. rahetuM nathI. tenA rAjyanA aMta I. sa. pU. 92 mA. 113.) ane lekha naM. 35mAM jaNAvyA pramANe te pradeza nIpajatAM tenI gAdIe tene putra svAtikarNa AvyA nahapAnA rAjyamAM umerI devAmAM Avyo. meghAtine samajAya che. maraNa te bAda taratamAM nIpajyuM che; pachI te laDAImAM (15) svAtikarNa laDatAM laDatAM nIpajyuM hatuM ke hArathI lAgela AghAte zAtakaraNi rAjAonA itihAsanA nirUpaNamAM je tenI vRddhAvasthA upara kAtila phaTake lAgavAnA pari- keTalAka zilAlekha ane sikkAo upayogI nivaDayA

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ra02 ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-pautrano paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa che temAM rANI nAganikA ane rANI baLazrInA hatA. ATaluM jANI lIdhA pachI e tapAsavAnuM rahe ' nAmavALAe bahu agatyano bhAga che ke, A naM. 15ne, ane tenI pachI AvanAra naM. 1 rANu baLazrI tathA pUrAvyo che. temAMnA rANI ne, rANI baLathI sAthe zuM sagapaNa saMbaMdha hatA e tenA putra-pautrane nAganikAnA nAma sAthe sAbIta karI zakAya. eTale naM. 15 thI 18 sudhInA paricaya yukta thayelane paricaya, ApaNe rAjAonAM paraspara sagapaNa vize paNa ghaTasphoTa thaI naM. 2, 3, 4 ane 5 gaye kahevAze; tathA rANI baLazrIe ketarAvela zilArAjAonAM vRttAMta lakhatI vakhate karAvI gayA lekhamAMnI kaI hakIkata kone lAgu pADI zakAya che te chIe. have rANI baLazrInA zilAlekhono paricaya 5NuM svayaMsiddha thaI jaze. karAvavAne avasara najIka AvI pahoMcyo che ema ne. 15 thI 18 sudhInA paraspara saMbaMdha vicAravAne amAruM mAnavuM thAya che. paraMtu tenI oLakha ApatAM Adhunika itihAsamAMthI te kaI sAmagrI labhya thatI pahelAM, te pitAne gautamIputranI mA ane vAsiSThaputranI nathI dekhAtI. paraMtu paurANika graMthane AdhAre, amadAdAdI tarIke je oLakhAvyA kare che tathA banne jaNA vAdanI dhI gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAiTI taraphathI pragaTa eka pachI eka gAdIe beThA hovAnuM temAM jaNAve thatA 'buddhiprakAza' nAme sAmayikamAM, pR. 82, aMka 1 che, te te banne rAjavIonuM sthAna kyAM che, te ApaNe mAM pR. 48 thI 55 sudhI zrIyuta dhanAlAla caMdulAla nakkI karavuM Avazyaka che. A samaya pUrve jema, tevI munazIjIe "pazcima bhAratavarSanA zaka kSatrapa" nAmane nAmadhArI vyaktio thaI gaI che tema have pachI paNa thaI -zirSakano eka lekha lakhyo che. temAMthI upayogI che; pR. 39-43 upara ApelI nAmAvaLI uparathI samajI keTalAka mudA tAravI zakAya che. lekha te zakazakAya che ke, have pachImAM tevAM cAra jeDakAMo gAdI kSatrapane AzrayIne lakhAyo che ane temAMnA vicAro upara besavAne bhAgyazALI thayAM che. naM. 17. 18 vALuM, aghapi je keTalAMka vidhAne A kSatra ane zaka naM. 24, 26 vALuM, naM. 26, 27 vALuM ane naM. 28, prajAne aMge pracalita thai rahyAM che tene anulakSIne 29 vALuM. A cAramAMthI kayuM joDakuM, rANI baLazrInA vivAda sAthe potAnA vicAro anumAnarUpe jaNAvAyA putra-pautravALuM gaNavuM joIe te ApaNe prathama nakkI che paraMtu te sarva sAthe ApaNane nisabata nathI. vaLI karI vALavuM joIe. atyAre naM. 15nA rAjAnuM temAMnA keTalAka, kayAM kayAM sudhAravA yogya che te have varNana karI rahyA chIe. jyAre te cAre jeDakAMmAM A pUrvenA cAra vibhAgonA jJAnathI vAcakavargane samajI joDAyelAne naMbara te, tenA karatAM vizeSano che. eTale zakAya tevA paNa che; eTale tene AgaLa lAvavAnI temane vize jyAre kAMika mAhitI dharAvatA thaI jaIe jarUriyAta jaNAtI nathI. paraMtu je kAMI vizeSa tyAre ja kahI zakAya ke, rANI baLathInA putra-pautra prakAza pADe tevuM lakhANa che, teTalInAM avataraNa koNa hatA. tethI sArA mArga e che ke, teno nirNaya tarIke ane te paNa tenA sArarUpe ja atre prathama karavAnuM kArya AgaLa upara mulatavI rAkhavuM. ane atra TAMkI batAvIzuM; ane te bAda te u5ra ghaTatuM vivecana te nirNaya grahaNa karIne-jANI laIne-AgaLa vadhavAne karI temAMthI zuM satya che te ApaNe tAravI laizuMka AraMbha karI devo. eTale jaNAvavAnuM ke naM. 17 vALA (1) (buddhiprakAza, 5, 51mAM lakhyuM che ke:) baLazrIne putra ane naM. 18 vALe tene pautra thatA vikramAditya nAmane rAjA hate..e rAjA zAtavAna (4) zAtavAhana ke sAtavahana nAma to ghaNe ThekANe maLI kahIe te cAle, lekhake tema karavAnuM kAraNa raju karyuM hota Ave che, te upara prathama paricchede ApaNe carcA paNa karI te ati upayogI thAta. hastaSa thayo te lAgatuM nathIja che, parantu "sAtavahAna ' zabda te aparicita ja che ema kemake te zabda vAraMvAra temaNe vAparyo che,

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dazama paricheda ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ ra03 vaMzane hato. vikramAdityanA pitAnuM nAma mahendra hatuM, e che ke A vikramazaktine janma sAmAnya saMyogane enA putranuM nAma kuMtala hatuM. emadeva (kathAsarita Adhina nahI paraMtu devanI prasAdIrUpa hato. sAgaranA kartA)no vikramAditya, te kuMtala zAtakaraNi [ amAruM TippaNa-A ple kaI jAtanA hatA, ane purANamAM mahendra bane eka ja lAge che, temanuM sthAna kyAM hatuM I. I. temane lagatI kAI (brahmAMDapurANa). kuMtalanI paTarANI malayadezanI rAjakanyA hakIkata, te samaye je rAjyo dakSiNamAM astitva malayavatI hatI, dharAvatAM hatAM, temAMnA keAInA rAjya nIkaLatI nathI. sAra-mahendrano putra vikramAditya ane teno paraMtu eka saMbhavita bInA e che ke, A samayanI putra kuMtala; ane tenI aneka rANIomAMnI paTarANInuM pUrve ceDA kALe, utarahindamAM kSaharATa ane inDo nAme malayavatI. jyAre brahmAMDapurANanA AdhAre sithiane prajAnuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM. teo AcAra- somadevanuM mAnavuM ema che ke, A traNe vyaktio- vicAre hiMdu jevA banI gayA hatA, chatAM teo paramahendra, vikramAditya ane kuMtala-eka ja che. dezI hovAthI temane kadAca zleSTha gaNAyA hoya ane (2) AgaLa jatAM rAjAkuMtalanA samaye kavi temanI sattA sairASTra jevA dUra dezamAM ane tyAMthI guNADhaya nAmano je graMthakAra hatAteNe bahatkathAmAM AgaLa vadhI godAvarI nadInA mULavALA pradezamAM keTaleka varNana A rAjAnI utpatti vize ApyuM jAmavA pAmI hatI eTale temane AzrayIne uparanuM che. te vizeno utAro ApIne potAnA vicAro kathana thayuM hoya, te te paNa mAnya rahe tema nathI. jaNAvyA che ke "hindu devatAo yavanonA kemake teone rAjaamala te have baMdha paDIne temanA *(slecchanA) amAnuSika kRtyothI trAsI uThayA hatA. sthAne gaIbhIlavaza jevA taddana hiMdu dekhAtA rAjAo teo hiMdu saMskRtino uccheda karI rahyA hatA. brAhma- sattA upara hatA. eTale jyAre uttarahidamAM ke dakSiNamAM ne yajJa Adi kriyAmAM aneka jAtanA vidma karatA. mleccho dekhAtA nathI tyAre teo AvyA kyAMthI? A badhA kathI kaMTALI devatAo ziva pAse gayA. AgaLa jatAM ApaNane patto lAge che ke, naM. 18 vALAe | yavanonA nAza sArU vIrapurUSanI mAgaNI karI, siMhaladvIpa upara caDAI karIne te deza jItI lIdhA zivajIe devatAonI prArthanAne svIkAra karyo. zive hato, eTale te siMhaladvIpanI prajA mleccha hAya-kemake mahendra ane saubhadrAne tyAM vizalazIla (vikramazakti, purANumAMnA rAkSase ane daityane A bhUminA vatanI nAmanA putrane janma Apo"--tAtparya ema thAya gaNAvyA che-ane temaNe paDozanA hiMdadezanI prajAne che ke, te samaye pleonA trAsane lIdhe hiMduo raMjADavA mAMDI hoya; ane te uparathI purANamAM varNavele kaMTALI gayA hatA jethI devatAdvArA zivajI pAsethI sarva prasaMge upasthita thavA pAmyo hoya; te banavA varadAna meLavatAM, rAjA mahendranI rANI saubhadrAnA peTa' joga che ane te pramANe ja banavA pAmyuM che te eka ati parAkramI vidramazakti nAme putra sAMpaDayo ApaNe AgaLa upara joIzuM. matalaba ke A hakI- - hatA; ke jeNe bhaviSyamAM temane A plecchanA trAsathI katamAM satyAMza che kharuM.] mukti apAvI hatI. eTale temanA kahevAne tAtparya (3) vaLI AgaLa jatAM lakhe che ke -"vikramazaktine (5) ja. che. eN. , e. so. (navI AvRtti) pU. pramANe sAtavAhanane janma cAra varSanI kumArI kanyAnA 3, pR. 52 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke "One traditional acco. peTe thayo hovAnuM nIkaLe che, bIja (AkhyAyikA) pramANe unt says that the satavahan was born tenI utpatti keI cakSane lIdhe thayelI manAya che. [amAruM from a virgin aged four years; another tra- TippaNa:-A saMbaMdhI vizeSa mATe juo naM 23 mAM ces his descent to a yaksha=eka lekavAtha rAjAnuM varNana).

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204 ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa traNa mukhya rANIo hatI; dakSiNApathanI, sihalamalayanI koI moTA rAjAne mAMDalika thaI rahyo hoya; A pramANe ane kaliga dezanI kalIMgasenA. kuMtala, rAjyamaitrI ane sthiti banavA pAmI nathI ema A gardabhIlavaMza rAjanItinI daSTie, lagnagraMthIthI baMdhAyo hato, temAM ane inDopAthiana rAjAe saMbaMdhIno itihAsa malayavatI paTarANI hatI. zurA zAtakaNie ApaNane bApakAra jAhera kare che. eTale ema mAnavuM bhAratavarSanA gauDa, karNATa, lATa, kAzmira, siMdha rahe che ke, jema kavionA bAbatamAM sadA banatuM vidhyAcalanA bhIla rAjA ane pArazIka dezanA AvyuM che tema, asvAminI yazakItinuM varNana karavAmAM rAjAone harAvIne namAvyA hatA...potAnA rAjAnI atra paNa atizayokti karI nAMkhelI hovI joIe. prabhutA ane cakravata padanI kItine javalaMta karavA, eTale teTaluM ja kamI karI naMkhAya, to evI sthiti haju kavie rAjAne vikamAdityanuM birUda ApI tenA maMjUra rAkhI zakAya, ke je samaye zAtakaraNinuM sArvauravamAM vadhAro karyo che. vikramAditye bhAratavarSanA bhaumatva dakSiNahida upara pharI vaLyuM hoya, te ja samaye, rAjAone harAvI mAMDalika banAvyA. e pachI eNe uttarahiMda upara avaMtipatinI sattA TheTha kAzmira sudhI ujajana pATanagaramAM vijaya samAraMbha karyo hata"... jAmI paDI hoya; uparAMta A banne rAjavIone temanA kahevAne sAra e che ke, vikramazakitane traNa evAM maitrI ane ekhalAsa jAmyAM hoya ke jema pote rANIo hatI, temAM malayakumArI paTarANI hatI. A svarAjya karI zake, te ja pramANe bIjAnA rAjyamAM zurA rAjAe aneka deza jItI lIdhA hatA. tenA AvA vinA saMkoce AvAgamana karI zakatA hoya. tema itihAsa parAkramane lIdhe kavie tene vikramAdityanuM birUda ApyuM che. ApaNane jAhera kare che ke, avaMtipati vikramacaritranuM A vikramAdityane tAbe dhaNA mAMDalika rAjA hatA. rAjya eka vakhate kAzimara sudhI phelAvA pAmyuM hatuM ja pachI rAjAe ujanamAM (aMvatinA rAjanagara) pitAno (juo pu. 4, tenuM vRttAMta); ane have pachI naM. 18 nA kAti samAraMbha karyo hato. matalaba ke te avaMtipati rAjyavistAre sAbita karIzuM ke AkhA dakSiNahiMda banyuM hatuM. [ amAruM TippaNa-je rAjA eka bAju upara tenuM zAsana patharAI paDayuM hatuM. vaLI jainauttara hiMdamAMnuM kAzmira jItI le, ane bIjI bAju sAhityanA AdhAre ema paNa prasaMgopAta jAhera karI dakSiNahiMdanA siMhala ane malaya prAMte jIte, tene cUkyA chIe (juo pu4, pR. 35, 51, para) ke te sakaLa hindane cakravatI ja gaNo rahe. eTale A banne rAjavIoe saurASTramAM temanA tIrthasthAna svAbhAvika rIte te avaMtipati te banI gayo ja pAlItANuM upara ekatra thaI janAcAryonA netRtaLe gaNo rahe. parantu prazna e che ke, Avo jabarajasta amuka prakAranAM dharmakAryo karAvyAM hatAM. vaLI sAMcIkhupa AMdhrapati, je sakaLa hindano svAmI banI besI zake. (bhillAsa pR. 154)mAM dIpake pradipta karavA, jema tene lagatuM ItihAsanA pAne kAMI paNa kiraNa noMdhAyA caMdragupta maurye moTI rakamanI bheTa karI hatI. tema rAjA vinA kema paDayuM rahe? bIjuM, je samayanI A hakIkata zAtakaraNie staMbha ubho karAvI amuka dAna dIdhuM che. che te samaye te itihAsanA jJAnathI ApaNe jANItA eTale purANakAre avaMtimAM-ujainInA pATanagara-vijaya thayA chIe ke, uttarahindamAM thoDo vakhata gardabhIla staMbha ubho karAvyAnuM je lakhyuM che te vAta paNa barAbara vaMzanI ane te bAda InDopArthiyana rAjAonI maLI rahe che. A pramANe purANakAranI, jainasAhitya hata sthApita thaI hatI tathA avaMti upara saghaLo graMthanI, kavisaMthakAranI, itihAsanI, bhilyATomsanI, vakhata gardabhIla vaMzIonuM ja rAjya jhaLakI rahyuM hatuM. ema sarvanI hakIkata ekabIjAne puSTikAraka thaI paDe ane e te sarvamAnya siddhAMta che ke eka vakhate che. mAtra arasaparasanI kArya nirUpaNanI sAMkaLanA maMkeDa eka ja pradeza upara, be vaMzanA rAjavIonI sattA jyAM sudhI tUTaka ne chUTaka paDayA hatA tyAMsudhI, saLaMga hAI na ja zake, sivAya ke eka nAno rAjA. bIjA prasaMgane ukela jaDI Avato nahoto; athavA te.

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dazama pariccheda ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrano paricaya [ 205 kaIka ThekANe asatyatA ke atikti pravezI gaI che, paraMtu tenA jIvanavRttAMte joI zakAze ke te AMka haze ke kema tevA prakAranI zaMkA udabhavyA karatI hatI ATha nathI paNa sATha che, ke tethI paNa vadhAre che. te have sarvathA lopa thaI jAya che, temaja ApaNI zraddhA (5) ujajainapati caSThaNa hatA; tene zaka jAtine TharAvyo majabUta thAya che ke, pUrvakathita sarva hakIkata satya ja che.] che tathA teno samaya 75 thI 83 gaNAvyo chetene (4) AgaLa jatAM pR. 5ra upara lakhe che ke:- kuMtale harAvIne pote avaMtipati banyo che. A sarva "paMDita jayasvAlajI, kathAsaritasAgaramAMthI sAta- hakIkata, kevaLa goThavIne besatI karavI paDI che kemake, vAhanavaMzanI hakIkatano AdhAra laIne etihAsika pu. 3mAM pR. 46 nI pachI coDela patrakathI khAtrI ghaTanAnuM dahana A pramANe kare che. purANa pramANe thaze, tathA AgaLa kuMtalanA vRttAMtathI joI zakAze sAtavAhana zrImukanI (zizuka matsya pu.) paMdaramI peDhIe ke prathama te te caThaNane samakAlina ja nathI, skandasvatI thayo, tene putra maheMdra (mRgendra svastikarNa) eTale harAvavA karavAnI vAta ja uDI jAya che. zAtakaNi hato. tene putra kuMtala ghaNo ja parAkramI vaLI cavhaNane samaya te I. sa. 75-83 jevo rAjA thayo. I. sa. 75-83. e kALe ujjainamAM ja nathI te te I. sa. 150 jeTale dUra che. cachana rAjya karatA hatA. e zakakSatrapane Adi rAjA cappaNuM zaka jAtine paNa nathI. (juo pu. 4. tenA hato. zAtakaraNie zakane harAvyo ane ujana sudhI vRttAMte) tema kuMtala to zuM paNa koI AMdhrapati sAtavAhana sAmrAjyanI ANa vartAvI. kathAsarita avaMtipati ja thayo nathI ( juo pR. 203-4). sAgaramAM A laDAI lATadezamAM (gujarAtamAM) thaI hatI. vaLI uparanuM sarva lakhANa graMthanA AdhAre che. jyAre ema varNana uparathI mAhitI maLe che."--kahevAno sAra zilAlekhI pUrAvo (rANu baLazrIne nAsikano e nIkaLe che ke, zAtavAhana vaMzanA sthApaka rAjA lekha; paMcamaparicchede naM. 7) te ema jAhera kare che ke, zimukhathI paMdaramI peDhIe skandasvatI nAme rAjA thayo. gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe zakaprajAne mAtra harAvI che tene putra maheMdra urphe mRgendrasvatikaNuM, tene putra kuMtala; eTaluM ja nahI, paNa tene te jaDamULathI nAza ja karI (eTale ke 17me rAjA thaye) te atiparAkramI hatA. nAMkhyo che. eTale je caSThaNa ane gautamIputra teNe ATha varSa rAjya karyuM che. te vakhate ujajainapati vacce yuddha thayuM hoya te, cappaNanuM to temAM maraNa ja ca9Na hatA. te zakajAtino caTTaNa, kSatrapavaMzane AdipurUSa nIpajayuM kahevAya. jyAre itihAsa kahe che ke tema te hatuM. tene zAtakaraNikuMtale harAvyo. A laDAI thayuM nathI, kemake ceSThaNe avaMtipati banIne keTalAya gujarAtamAM thaI hatI. pachI zAtavahAna rAjA varSa rAjya karyuM che. uparAMta tene vaza paNa lagabhaga avaMtipati thayo. traNaso varSathI vadhAre samaya sudhI cAlu rahyo che. eTale [amAruM TippaNa-(1) sarvatra zAtavahana zabda caSThaNa ane gautamIputra samakAlina hevAnuM TharatuM lakhela mAlUma paDe che, tema karavAnuM kAraNa mAlUma nathI. vaLI graMthamAM kaI ThekANe cakkaNu zabda ja paDatuM nathI. (2) paMdarame AMka je temaNe skanda lakhe nathI te te TIkAkAroe goThavI ja dIdho svatIne Apyo che te mULa pustakamAM lakhela nathI jaNAya che, ane kharI vAta che paNa temaja. bIjuM, lAgate, mAtra TIkAkAre ja goThavI dIdho che. eTale te cavhaNanI vAta je satya ja hoya te, cakkaNuM pote bahu vajanadAra nahIM gaNAya. (3) skandasvAti, 5chI paNa avaMtipati rahe ane tene vijetA gautamIputra maheMdra urphe mRgendrasthAtikarNa ane pachI kuMtala-A anukrama zAtakaraNi paNa avaMtipati bane; eka sAthe be paNa pR. 203 nI TIkA (1)mAM lakhyA karatAM heraphera avaMtipati thAya evuM bane kema ! vaLI dhAre ke cakaNe mAluma paDe che. eTale ke gaNatrI vinA kAma levAyuM zAtakaraNinA khaMDiyA tarIke rAjya karyuM hatuM te tema dekhAya che. (4) ATha varSane samaya kuMtalane lakhyo paNa banyuM nathI; kemake teNe te avaMtinA mahAkSatrapa

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206 ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrano paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa ane rAjA tarIke jIvana gALyuM che, ema tenA sikkA baLathIne putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi hato. te bAda uparathI siddha thAya che. A sarva hakIkatathI eTaluM ja rANI baLathIne paitra vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNa thaye, jene mAnavuM rahe che ke A pramANe aneka asaMgata banAvo bIjuM nAma rAjA hAla zAtavAhana hatuM. eTale dekhItuM pUrvathI cAlI AvatI mAnyatAne baMdhabesatA karI devAyA che ke pitAne rAjA ati parAkramI heI, pUrve thaelA che. bAkI zatavahanavaMzI gautamIputra zAtakaraNie zakAri vikramAdityanI sAthe tenI tulanA karI zakAya gujarAtanI bhUmi upara laDAImAM zakaprajAne harAvavAmAM te mATe kavie tene paNa vikramAdityanA birUdathI bhAga lIdhe hatA, temaja je rAjA (zakAri vikramAditya) oLakhAvyo che. chatAMye jema zabda lakhAyA che, tema sAthe yuddhamAM joDAIne zakalekene teNe harAvyA zatavahanavaMzI anya vikramAditya kahevAno Azaya hatA te rAjA pote ja avaMtipati banavA pAmyo hate - je kavino hoya, te te paNa rAjA hAlanA taratanA (juo pu. 4, pR.20 upara vAyupurANano utAro) pUrva ja evA, A gautamIputra zAtakaraNa naM. 17 teTaluM satya che kharuM. vALAne ja lAgu pADI zake tema che. kemake teNe zakAri (5) vaLI AgaLa jatAM lakhe che ke:-" A vikramAdityane zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM madada karI hatI zAtavahAna kuLamAM, e pUrve vikramAdityanA birUdavALo eTaluM ja nahIM, paNa jayAre te zaka prajAne rajA koI parAkramI rAjA thayela. e uparathI kavi potAnA svataMtra yuddhamAM tenI sAthe pAchaLathI utaryo hato tyAre zarA rAjAne vikramAdityanA birUdathI oLakhAve che. paNa tene harAvIne mArI nAkhyA hatA. uparAMta aneka tAtparya e ke A zurA rAjAnuM nAma te vikramAditya jIta meLavI (juo tenA varNana), vikrama baLa ane nahetuM ja, paraMtu tenI pUrve eka vikramAditya thaI gayo Aditya-sUrya, baLamAM sUrya samAna eTale mahAbaLavAnanI hata, tenI tulanA karI zakAya, mATe te kavie potAnA kaTimAM gaNAya tevo parAkramI, pitAne pUravAra karI rAjAne vikramAdityanA nAmathI oLakhAvyo che. batAvyo che. eTale prAcIna samaye lekhake ati [ ApaNuM TIppaNa-amarakeSakAra jevI samartha utsAhamAM AvI jaI, svaprazasita bhUpationI sattAnA AdhAre (juo pu. 4, pR. 34, TI. naM. 10 tathA zlAghAnA atirekamAM AvI jaI, atizayoktibharyA pR. 66 ane anya pUrAvA uparathI) ApaNe jaNAvI gayA zabdo jema vAparI jatA hatA tema kavi mahAzaye che ke rAjA hAla zatavahanane vikramAdityanA nAme paNa vAparyA hoya tema banavA joga che. bemAMthI game eALakhAvAyo che; eTale jyAre kavie potAnA A te rIte vikramAdityanI sarakhAmaNI karI hoya, paNa rAjA hAlane vikramAdityanuM birUda ApyuM che tyAre ema dareka rIte vastusthiti eka ja hakIkata pUravAra kare paNa siddha thaI gayuM che ke, rAjA hAlanI pUrve eka che. A anumAnane amarakeSakAranA zabdathI samaanya vikramAditya thaI gayo hato. ane kharI sthiti rthana maLe che. pu. , pR. 34, TI. 1mAM Hala ane te ja pramANe che. jyAre bIjI bAju zilAlekha naM. Sudrak ne ApaNe je eka tarIke gaNAvyA che tene 7 tathA pR. 205nA ApaNA TippaNathI jANI cUkayA badale amarakeSakAre lakhyA pramANe, te be zabdanI chIe, ke rANI baLazrInA putra gautamIputre zakAri vaccenuM alpavirAma kAyama rAkhI, rAjA hAlanI pUrve thaka vikramAdityane zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM khUba agatyano thaya gaNI, banne rAjAne judA mAnIe, te zadraka eTale bhAga lIdho hato, temaja putra gautamIputranA maraNa bAda gautamIputra zAtakaraNine paNa vikramAditya zabda lAgaze. paitra vasiSThaputra gAdIe AvyuM hatuM. eTale A kemake, ja, A. li.rI. so.nuM kathana joke zakArine bane kathananuM samIkaraNa karatAM ema sAra nIkaLaze ke AzrayIne tyAM lakhAyuM che chatAM thoDA pheraphAra sAthe te zakAri vikramAditya gardabhIlavaMzI hatA (juo pu. 4, caitamIputra zAtakaraNine paNa lAgu paDe che ja. matalaba tenuM vRttAMta). tenA madadagAra ane samakAlInapaNe rANI ke amarakezikAre jaNAvela rAjA hAlanI pUrve thayela

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rANI maLazrI tathA tenA putra-pAtranA paricaya dazama pariccheda ] te zUdraka vikramAditya ja che. vaLI jyAre hAla vikramAdityanI pUrve zakAra vikramAdityane thai gayela mAnyA che. temaja hAla vikramAdityanA pUrvaja evA gautamIputra zAtakaraNane ja te zakAra vikramAdityanA madadagAra ane samakAlina tarIke manAvyeA che, tyAre e phalita thAya che ke, hAla vikramAditya ane zakAra vikramAditya banne samakAlInapaNuM jIvaMta rahyA nahi ja hAya; ane kadAca jIvaMta rahevA pAmyA hAya, te paNa zakAri vikramAdityanI umara rAjA hAlavikramAditya karatAM, ghaNI ghaNI meATI ja hAvI joIe. ] A pAMce avataraNAnA tathA te upara karela vivAda ane TIppaNune ekaMdara sAra have nIce pramANe nAMdhI zakAzeH-(1) rAjA maheMdra ane rANI saiAbhadrAnA putranuM nAma kuMtala zatavahana. (2) teNe siMhala-malaya taraphanA mlecchAne saMhAra karIne te rAjAnI malayavatI kuMvarI vere lagna karyuM hatuM. A malayavatIne pAchaLathI paTarANIpade sthApita karavAmAM AvI hatI. (3) A kuMtalarAjA ati parAkramI hAI, tenI pUrve thayela vikramAdityanI sarakhAmaNI karI zakAya te mATe tenA kavie tene vikramAdityanuM birUda joyuM che. (4) A kuMtalanA janma daivIsaMyAgamAM thayA hatA. (5) A putranuM nAma vikramazakti paNa kahevAya che. (6) A vikramazaktine aneka rANIe kadAca haze parantu mukhyapaNe traNu jANItI thayela che. (7) vikramazakitae avaMtimAM smAraka ubhuM karAvyuM che tathA dAna dIdhuM che; tathA te atipati ane kAzmirapati vikramacaritranI sAthe maitrI-graMthIthI joDAyala hatA. tenI sAthe sArASTramAM khUba chUTathI pharyAM dekhAya che. (8) paM. jAyasvAlajIe A kuMtalane nAme je ATha varSa lakhyA che, te kadAca purANika nAmAvaLane lIdhe A (6) zUdra eTale vazamAM janmela, AMdhrapatinI utpati zudra kanyAnA peTe thayelI che mATe eka-rIte te vazane zudraka gaNI zakAya, ane te vazamAM thayela vikramAditya te druka vikramAditya: jyAre gabhIlavaMzI vikramA [ 207 banavA pAmyuM hoya; parantu kuMtala jevA parAkramI rAjAneA zAsanakALa kevaLa AThe ja varSanA na kapI zakAya. Ane badale 60 ke 68 ke tenI lagolamane rAjyakALa haze athavA 8 varSa ja heAya te! te kuMtalanA pitAneA rAjaamala banavA joga che. (9) gaitamIputra zAtakaraNie--rANI maLazrInA putra-zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM gardabhIlavaMzI vikramAdityane yuddhamAM madada karI hatI. eTale bannene samakAlIna kahI zakAya. (10) A yuddha gujarAtanI bhUmi upara laDAyuM hatuM. (11) rANI maLazrInA pAtranuM nAma rAjA hAlavakramAditya hatuM. e zakAra vikramAdityanA samakAlIna tarIke na hAi zake; ane kadAca hAya tApaNa zakArinI uMmara ghaNI ja meTI hAya ane rAjA hAlanI ghaNIja nAnI hAya. (12) rAjA hAla ane caNu samakAlInapaNe nathIja jethI te baMnene yuddha thavuM taddana asaMbhavita che tema caRNu te zaka prajAmAMnA paNa nathI. A pramANe naM. 17 tathA 18 vALA rANI maLazrInA putra gautamIputra ane pautra vAsiSThaputra zAtakarrANunA jIvananI keTalIka upayeAgI mAhitI ApaNe meLavI zakavyA chIe. have A naM. 15 mA rAjA svAtikarNane tathA rANI khaLazrInA putra ane pautrane, zuM sagapaNu saMbaMdha hAI zake te vicArIe. eTale AkhI sAMkaLa ubhI karAyAnI sthitie ApaNe paheAMcI zakIzuM. A mATe ApaNe te bannenA zilAlekhA, je pariccheda pamAmAM utAryA che tenA AdhAra ja levAnA che, temAM paNa khAsa karIne naM. 8 nA AdhAra. te zilAlekhanuM vivecana karatAM ApaNe batAvyuM che ke, temAMnI vastu gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA rAjyanA ra4me varSe kAtaravAmAM AvI tyAre rANI khaLazrIneA mATe putra-athavA gautamIputrane meTA bhAi-jIvatA hatA. A moTA putra (pR. 97, TI. naM. 16) gAdI uparathI phArega thai gaye! ditya te zakAra vikramAditya: banne vikramAditya samakAlIna hAine temane eLakhavA mATe A vizeSaNa joDavAmAM kadAca AvyuM. sabhave che.

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208 ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa che tathA A lekha kotarAvyA pachI thoDA ja vakhatamAM beThA hatA. gAdI upara vadhAre majabUta haka te bhAInA gautamIputranuM maraNa nIpajyuM hatuM ane tenI pAchaLa karatAM putrane vadhAre gaNAya. jyAre ahIM te pitAnI peilA moTAbhAIne putra (pR. 98, TI. naM. 17) gAdIpati gAdIe putra na besatAM, kAkAnI gAdIe bhatrijo beTho banyo che. te sarva hakIkata temAMthI sUcita thatI che. A sarva paristhiti saMpUrNa ukela mAge che. tene batAvI ApI che. vaLI . 17vALA rANI baLazrIne ukela paNa " whose son is living=jene putra putra, ane ne. 18 vALA pautra thAya che te sthiti hayAta che" evA zabdo zilAlekhamAM je ketarAvyA che ApaNI jANamAM kayAranI e Avela che. eTale sAra e temAMthI maLI Avate samajAya che. haiyAta batAvAyelA A thayo ke, naM. 18 vALA naM. 17 no putra nathI paNa tenA rAjAe gAdItyAga karyo che te tenI rAjakIya bInamoTAbhAIne putra hovAthI bhatrijo thatuM hatuM. tyAre lAyakAtane aMge (nIce juo) karyo nathI ja lAgate. prazna e thAya che ke, te moTebhAI eTale naM. 18 ne tema putranI sthiti te samaye nahIM hoya paNa pitA koNa hato ane te meTo hovA chatAM gAdIe pAchaLathI janma thayo lAge che-ema samajavuM rahe che, kema beThe nathI; athavA beThe hato te zA mATe teNe nahIM te tene ja gAdI maLI cUkta. vaLI whose gAdityAga karyo hato. ja. . hi. ri. se. pu2, bhAga son is livingo ullekha, zilAlekha jevA rAjakIya 1, pR. 64 upara lakhyuM che ke "Hala Satavahan paristhiti sUcavatA agatyanA dastAvejamAM karavAmAM was the son of Dipakarni=hAla zAtavAhana, Avyo che. eTale dekhAya che ke, te samaye paNa te dIpakaraNino putra thato hato." A uparathI siddha rAjakAraNane aMge thatI vATAghATo ane vicAraNAmAM thAya che ke naM. 18 vALA rAjA hAlavikramAdityanA tenI haiyAti upara khAsa lakSa rAkhavAmAM AvatuM pitAnuM nAma dIpakarSi hatuM. tema purANanA AdhAre hatuM ja. eTale gAdI upara cAlyo Avato tene haka ApaNe je nAmAvalI ubhI karI zakyA chIe te kAyama rAkhIne, rAjA banela tenA bhAinA maraNa pAmyA uparathI samajI zakAya che ke, naM. 17 vALA gautamI- bAda, tenA putrane pAchI gAdI suprata karavAmAM AvI che. putranuM nAma aSTikarNa che, vaLI naM. 15 vALAnuM nAma vaLI rAjA hAlanA janma vize ApaNe joI gayA svAtikarNa che. eTale A sarva, karNa--karNi aMtyAkSara chIe ke (pR. 207 sAra naM. 4) te daivI saMjogamAMvALAM nAmo eka bIjA pratye ati sAmya dharAvanAra kAMIka asAdhAraNa saMgamAM-thayo che. A uparathI dekhAya che. tethI anumAna karavAne lalacAIe chIe sAra ema kheMcI zakAya che ke, rAjA hAlanA pitAe ke, naM. 15 vALA pitA thatA hatA, tene rANI baLathI athavA gautamIputranA moTAbhAIe gAdItyAga karyo peTe be putra thayA hatA, jemAMnA moTA putranuM nAma tyAre, hAla rAjAne janma nahetA paNa pAchaLathI dIpakarNi ane nAnAnuM nAma arijakarNa hatuM. moTo thayo che. gAdItyAga thayo te samaye te garbhamAM hatuM ke putra potAnA pitAnI pAchaLa gAdIe Avyo hate. lAMbe kALe janmyo hato te nakkI karavAnuM jo ke eTale tene naM. 16mo AMdhrapati kahI zakAya. teNe sAdhana maLatuM nathI. paNa gAdItyAga samaye ja garbhamAM kAMIka kAraNasara gAdityAga karyo hato jethI nAno bhAI hoya te teno janma, tenA kAkA gAdIe besavA bAda gAdIe beThA hatA. vaLI nAnA bhAIne rAjyaamala AThanava mahinA sudhImAM ja thaI ja joIe. eTale zarU thaIne pUro thayo tyAMsudhI lagabhaga pele mATe te gAdIe beThe tyAre tenI uMmara tenA kAkAnA bhAI jIvato rahyo hato; ane nAnAbhAInA mRtyu rAjyakALa jeTalI moTI (temAMthI garbhakALa bahu bahu bAda, te moTAbhAIne putra gAdIe Avyo hato. te ATha mahinA bAda) 25 varSanI gaNavI rahe. paraMtu prazna pAcho e ubhe thAya che ke, jyAre moTA bhAIe teno janma pitAnA gAdItyAga karyA pachI keTaleka kALe, gAdI choDI dIdhI tyAre nAnA bhAI zA mATe gAdIe thayA hoya te teTalA varSanI nAnI umare te gAdIpati

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dazama pariccheda ] rANI baLazrI tathA tenA putra-patrane paricaya thayo gaNAze. vaLI uparamAM kahI gayA chIe ke, teNe ariSTha naM. 17 AMdhrapati tarIke ANa karavI hatI. gAdItyAga je karyo che te rAjakIya geralAyakAtanA te gAdIe beThA pachI ( ATha nava mahinA bAda ke pariNAmarUpe nahotuM ja; eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, jarA lAMbA kALe, te nakkI thayuM nathI) moTAbhAIne sAmAjIka ke saMsArika sthitinuM te pariNAma hovuM tyAM putrajanma thayo hate. (4) paraMtu te mATe joIe. bIjI bAju ema pUravAra thayuM che ke A thaIne rAjalagAma hAtha dharavA jevaDo thAya, tyAM sudhI rAjAo te samaye jena dharmAnuyAyI hatA. je temaja ane pachI te pote maraNa pAme tyAMsudhI, naM. 17 hoya to evI sthiti kalpavI paDe che ke, kAM teNe vALAe rAjya calAvyA karyuM hatuM. (5) te bAda dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane jema samrATa caMdragupta maurya moTAbhAIno putra naM. 18 AMdhrapati tarIke gAdIpati rAjapATane tyAga karI, dIkSA laI dakSiNahiMdamAM thayo hato. (6) naM. 17 vALAnuM zilAlekhamAM sUcaveluM potAnA guru sAthe cAlI nIkaLyo hato chatAM tenA bIjuM nAma gautamIputra zatakaraNi, ane ne. 18 : putra biMdusAre pitAnA nAme eka rIte kahIe te bIjuM nAma vasiSThaputra zAtakaraNi hatuM. (7) vaLI A rAjakArabhAra calAvye rAkhyo hato, (pu. 2, pR. 204) naM. 18 vALA rAjA ati nAnI uMmare gAdIpati tema ahIM paNa moTAbhAIe dIkSA lIdhA bAda ane banyo hovAthI temaja daivI saMgamAM tene janma thayo tenA putrane prasava thayo na hovAthI rAjalagAma nAnA hovAthI. te ati zuravIra nIvaDayo che tathA sAmAnya bhAIe hAthamAM lIdhI hatI ane te bAda putrajanma rIte ghaNA lAMbA kALa rAjya bhegavI zakayA che. thayo hato. eTale taratamAM nAnAbhAIe gAdI khAlI na uparanA sati anumAna sAthe pR. 207mAM nirNata karatAM jyAre pite maraNa pAmyo tyAre pelA moTA- karelA 12 anumAnane ekatrita karavAthI, naM. 15, bhAInA putrane gAdIe besAravAmAM AvyuM hatuM; 16, 17 ane 18 vALA rAjavIonAM jIvanacaritra athavA bIjI rIte ema paNa banyuM hoya ke taratamAM vize aneka mAhitI ApaNane maLI jatI kahevAze. te dIkSA na letAM saMsAranI udvignatAthI kaMTALI kevaLa sivAya anya koI hakIkata naM. 15 vize maLI AvatI rAjakAjamAMthI ja moTAbhAIe nivRtti lIdhI hoya ane nathI. eTale tenuM varNana khatama karI have naM. 16 nuM vAnaprastha dazAmAM rahyA hoya. AvI sthitimAM rAjA jIvanavRtAMta AlekhavAnuM kAma hAtha dharIzuM. hAlano janma, moTAbhAInA gAdItyAga pachI keTaleka (16) mahendra; dIpakaNi; gautamIputra kALe thayo gaNavo raheze. tenA gAdItyAga karavAmAM svAtikarNa ane rANI baLathInA be putromAMthI game te saMyogo taratamAM ubhA thayA hoya, ane te bhale A naM. 16 vALo meTA hatA. jema rANI baLazrIne zodhakhoLane aMge have pachI jANavAmAM Ave. paraMtu nAnA putra maM 17 vALA gAtamiputra zAtakaraNi eTaluM te vadhAre saMbhavita dekhAya che ke moTAbhAIe kahevAya che, tema A naM. 16 vALAne paNa maitamIputra gAdItyAga karyo hato ane rAjA hAlano janma te zAtakaraNi kahI zakAya. phera eTalo ja che ke naM. 17 bAda thayo hato, jethI nAnAbhAI-gautamIputrane vALAnuM kharuM nAma ariSTa karyuM hatuM jyAre naM. 16 rAjalagAma hAtha dharavI paDI hatI. vALAnuM nAma dIpakarSi hatuM. uparAMta purANa granthanA eTale AkhIe carcAno sAra e Avyo jaNAvyA pramANe tenuM nAma mahendra tathA tenI rANInuM kahevAze ke (1)ne. 15 vALA svAtikarNa te pitA nAma subhadrA hovAnuM samajI zakAya che ane temanA thAya tenI rANI baLathI peTe be putroja janamyA peTe rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane janma thayo che. A hatA. (2) meTA putra dIpakarNi, potAnA pitAnI saghaLuM vRttAMta naM. 15 nA vRttAMte jaNAvI gayA chIe gAdIe naM. 16 tarIke AMdhrapati banyo hato. paNa eTale anna utAravA jarUra rahetI nathI. teNe gAdItyAga karavAthI ane te samaye tene koI putra tene rAjyakALa nAmAvalImAM ApaNe 3 varSane na hevAthI (3) tenI jagyAe, tenA nAnAbhAI ane naM. 17 ne 25 varSane TharAvyo che, jyAre rA

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mahendra dIpaNa gautamIputra 210 ] purANakAranA zabdonAM je pAMca avataraNA 'buddhidara prakAza'mAM jaNAvelI hakIkata (pR. 202-7) uparathI utAryA che temAM AThe varSa lakhyA che: eTale pAMca varSa ApaNe je AchAM AMkayA che te kadAca, na. 17 nA 25 varSamAMthI laI levAya teAye naM. 17 nA, ke naM. 16 vALAnA rAjadvArI jIvana vRttAMtamAM kAMI phera paDatA jaNAtA nathI. tema naM. 17 nA kALe 25 varSa je ApaNane kamula rAkhavA paDayA che, te paNa purANAmAMnI hakIkatane saMteASavA khAtara ja che. game tema gaNA, chevaTe bannenA (naM. 16 te 17 tA) samagrakALa 28 varSanA lekhA parantu Akhare naM. 17 nuM mRtyu te sa. pU. 47 mAM thayAnuM ja noMdhavuM paDaze. hAla tA atihAsika anya prasaMge dhyAnamAM laI tena. 16 nuM rAjya je I. sa. pU. 70 thI 72 sudhI nA traNa vanuM TharAvyuM che. tene ja mAnya rAkhIzuM. peAte jIvyA tyAM sudhI rAjapATa na bhAgavatAM, vacce ja gAdIethI uDI gayA hatA ane te samaye tene putra na heAvAthI, tenA nAnAbhAi ariSTakarNane gAdIe esADavAmAM AvyA hatA. parantu pAchaLathI tenA putraneA janma thavAthI, ariSTakarNanA maraNu bAda, te putrane te gAdI seApAi hatI. A mahendranA putrane rAjyAviSeka thayA bAda, 19 varSa sudhI eTale I. sa. pU. ra9 sudhI (jIe zilAlekha naM. 8) rANI khaLazrInI haiyAtI hatI ja. tema vaLI teNIe zilAlekhAmAM je prakAre zabdo kAtarAvyA che te uparathI samajI zakAya che ke teNI rAjyakArabhAranA saMcAlanamAM ghaNA agatyane bhAga bhajavatI hatI ane tethI nAnAM moTAM kAryomAM tenI salAha paNa pUchAtI hAvI jAI e. naM. 16 nA gAdItyAga samaye naM. 17ne ja gAdI ApavI ane te pachI naM. 18 nA rAjyAbhiSeka karavA, te aMte prasaMge paNa teNInI salAha pramANe ja kAma levAyuM hAvuM joIe evA anumAna karavAmAM kAMi adhaTata gaNAze nahIM. jo ke vidvAnAe, teNInA naM. 8 nA zilAlekhamAM 'whose son is living'ne artha evI rIte esAryA che ke, rAjA te vakhate gaMbhIra mAMdagIne bichAne paDelA haiAvAthI, rIjansI vahIvaTa jevI vyavasthA teNIe karAvI hatI ane pote pramukha jevA [ ekAdazama khaDa taddana rahIne kAma calAvatI hatI. paraMtu te sthiti kalpanAmaya ja ApaNe jaNAvI che (jue pR. 208 tathA TIppA ane TIkAo); kemake te zabdo prathama teA naM. 17 te lAgu ja paDatA nathI, uparAMta naM. 19 vALA pukhta uMmaranA thaI gayA hateA, temaja rAjakArabhAra calAvI zake teTalI umare paNa paheAMcI cUkayA hatA. AvAM mukhya e kAraNane lIdhe temaNe doreluM anumAna bahu TakI zake tevuM lAgatuM nathI. chatAM eka sthitimAM tema paNa banavA yeAgya lAge che; je emake, gAdIvArasa pukhta vayane hAvA chatAM IrAbhiSikata teA na ja gaNAya. eTale deravaNI tarIke, temaja rAjA maMdavADamAMthI mukata banI ArAgya thAya tyAMsudhI, bIjA prakAranI kAi gaDabaDa saDabaDa thavA na pAme tevI takedArI rAkhavA pUratIye paNa, eka karatAM vadhAre vyakitaenA saMyukta kArabhAra jevI vyavasthA karAya te IcchanIya che. vaLI naM. 17 vALAnA vArasadAra naM.18nI umara lagabhaga 24-25nI AlekhIne ApaNe A badhA udgAra kADhI rahyA chIe. parantu jainasAhitya graMthAmAM (prabaMdhaciMtAmaNI bhASAntaramAM zAlivAhana prabaMdha jue ) thI evA anumAna lai javAya che ke, naM. 18vALA zAlivAhana jyAre gAdIe AvyA che tyAre mAtra 13-14 varSI ugatI vayane juvAnIyA ja kema jANe hAya nahIM ? je ke te umara paNa te samaye teA pukhta umaranI ja lekhAtI hatI. chatAM rAjya vahIvaTamAM te khIna anubhavI ja kahevAya. eTale rAjakArabhAranI nirmaLatA mATe tathA ekane mAthe sadhaLeA kheAja ekadama AvI na paDe te sAcavavA mATe, kAunsIlanA vahIvaTa yeAjAya te te ayeAgya paNa nathI. ane A pramANe zAlivAhana hAlarAjAnI-naM. 18nI-uMmara gAdIe besatI vakhate jo kavaLa 13-14 varSInI ke tenI AsapAsanI TharAvAya, te tenA janma tenA pitA naM. 16 vALAnA gAdItyAga pachI, temaja naM. 17nA rAjyAbhiSeka pachI ATheka mahinAnA gALAmAM je kalpI levA paDayA che tene badale naM. 17nA rAjyakALanA madhyabhAge lagabhaga laI javA paDaze. matalaba e thaI kahevAze ke naM. 16 vALAe bhale rAjapATane tyAga karyo hatA

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dazama pariccheDha ] mahendra dIpaka parantu saMsAramAM te joDAyalA rahyo ja hatA. sAcI sthiti zuM hatI te pAke pAye kahI zakAya tevI sAmagrI hAla te! ApaNe dharAvatA nathI eTale te viSaya bhaviSya upara cheADI devA paDaze. rAjavahIvaTamAM rANI maLazrInI kevI lAgavaga cAlatI hatI te vize keTaleka aMze jainagraMthamAM maLI AvatA eka khInna prasaMga upara amArI najara paDe che. te A pramANe che. jainasaMpradAyamAM jAyalA nava nihvavamAMthI, chaThThA rAhagupta vairAzikanA varNana adhikAre evuM lakhAyuM che ke, teNe dakSiNadezanI aMtaraMjIkAnagarInA rAjA, rANA baLazrInA darabAramAM (sarakhAvA pR. 19panuM varNana) pAtAnA gurUe khatAvela amuka muddA upara prathama teA peAtAnA harIphane vAdamAM jItI lIdhA hatA. paraMtu te chatanA samAcAra rAgupte gurU pAse jAhera karatAM, kAMika aMze jainadharmanI ANu uparavaTa kathana thaI gayeluM temane lAgyuM. eTale rAhagupte kSamA mAMgI, mithyA duSkRta kahI AvavA gurUe sUcavyuM. chatAM kSamA yAcavAne badale, pete sAcA ja che evuM pratipAdana karavAne teNe gurU sAme paDakAra jhIlyeA; ane A banne gurU ziSyanA vAda pelA rANAbhaLazrInI samakSa cha mahinA sudhI cAlyeA. chevaTe guru jItyA ane rAhaguptane jenee saMdhabahAra mUkayA. ATalA varNanathI rANA maLazrInI nyAyaHpuraskara kAma levAnI zakitanuM tathA jainadharma uparanA tenA jJAna ane prabhAvanuM mApa kADhI zakAze. savAla e rahe che ke, 'rANAbaLazrI' ema je lakhAyuM che te zuddha che ke azuddha heAi tene badale 'rANI maLazrI' hAvuM joIe. Ane niveDA lAvavAnuM paNa jarA kiThana thaI paDayuM che, kemake keTalAka jainagraMthAmAM (ka. su. su. e. TIkA; pR. 128)mAM tene samaya ma. saM. 444=i. sa. pU. 26 ApyA che jyAre vizeSabhAge tene samaya ma. saM. 544=i. sa. 74 lekhAvyA che. AMka saMkhyA 544 ne badale 444 lakhavAmAM kAI ne hastadeSa paNa saMbhavI zake che ane AvA tA hastadAya karyAMnA aneka dRSTAMtA ane jaina tathA vaidikadharmanA granthAmAM prAcIna samaye thayAnAM maLI paNu Ave che. vaLI tenA vanane aMge je hakIkata lakhavAmAM AvI gautamIputra [ ra11 che, che te jotAM paNa kayA AMkaDA sAcA te zodhI kADhayuM ekadama bhAre thaI paDe tema che. chatAM 444 nA eka tarapha DhaLavAnuM kAraNa e che, ke ekanA rAjye banelA banAva khIjAne nAme caDAvAI gayAnuM ghaNI vakhate banyuM che. jema ke rAjA zAlivAhananA rAjye kAlikasUri na thayA heAvA chatAM (jue pR. 195 upara) tenA rAjye thayAnuM lakhI gayA che. jyAre ahIM rAjA zAlivAhananuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM chatAM rANA baLazrI lakhAyuM che. eTale hAla to te prazna vizeSa saMzAdhana thavA upara cheADI daie. paraMtu jo te AMka ma. saM. 444=4. sa. pU. 26nA Thare, teA naM. 18nA rAjyakALanA I. sa. pU. 47thI I. sa. 18 sudhInA 65 varSa nAMdhAyA te gaNatrIe tenA 21mA varSe, upara pramANe ziSya vacce vAda thayAnuM mAMdhavuM paDaze; vaLI ApaNe zilAlekha naM. 8 thI jANI cUkayA chIe ke naM. 18nA rAjye 19mA varSa sudhI te rANI khaLazrI haiyAta paNa hatI ja ane tenI ja AjJAthI te lekha kAtarAyA che; eTale teNInA sAnidhyamAM majakura vAda thayAnuM zakaya paNa che. A pramANe aneka muddAothI rANI khaLazrInAM lAgavaga ane jora naM. 16thI 18 sudhInA AMdhrapatinA samaye hAvAnuM jANI zakAya che. A sthiti jotAM naM. 17nA maMdavADa samaye teNIe kaiAsila vahivaTa sthApyA heAya te banavAjoga paNa che. naM. 16vALA dIpakaSNuinuM maraNa kayAre nIpajyuM te kahI zakAya tema nathI. paNa peAtAnA nAnAbhAInA rAjyanA 24mA varSa sudhI (zilAlekha naM. 7-8 juo) =i. sa. pU 48 sudhI te jIvaMta hatA eTaluM ceAsa che. eTale jo te 25 varSanI uMmare gAdIe AvyA gurU hAya tA, lagabhaga para varSa uparanuM AyuSya teNe bhogavyuM tuM ema lekhAze; tema rANI khaLazrInu maraNu ochAmAMochI gaNatrIe upara jaNAvyA pramANe, jo tenA pAtra naM. 18nA rAjye 21mA varSeI. sa. pU. 26mAM thayuM hAya tA teNInA pati naM. 15 vALA svAtika I. sa. pU. 92mAM jyAre gAdIpati thayA tyAre teNInI uMmara (naM. 16 vALAnI umaranA hisAkhe) Azare pacIseka varSanI lekhavI raheze. aTale teNIne janma i. sa. pU. 117mAM thayAnuM nAMdhavuM paDaze. A gaNutrIe teNIe 90 upara varSanuM AyuSya bhogavyuM gaNuArI,

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I. tia * : ekAdaza pariccheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra-(17) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi urphe ariSTakarNa-tenAM vividha nAmane tathA umarane Apela khyAla-zakaprajA sAthe tene laDavAM paDela be yuddhanAM sthAna sAthe Apela samajUti tathA te bannene TharAvI Apela samaya-kArUnI laDAInA sthAnane karela nirNaya-je zaka prajA (zAhI prajA)ne vivaMsa teNe karI nAMkhyAnuM kahevAya che te prajA vize ApelI keTalIka mAhitI tathA tenA samayanI karelI carcA-pUrvajane lAgela kalaMka dhoI nAMkhI, kItine punaH ujajavaLa karI batAvI che temAM samAyela suhAne batAvele marma, tathA te sAthe rAjakAraNanuM nimitta nahatuM tenuM samajAvela rahasyagautamIputra vilivAyakurasa, gautamIputra yajJazrI ane gautamIputra zAtakaraNi vaccenA bhedanI parakha tathA te mATenAM Apela kAraNe sahita dalIla-dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNapathezvara vacce batAvela taphAvata tathA kayA AMdhrapatine te banne birUde lAgu paDe che tenI Apela samajUti-AMdhrapatione kaliMgapatio paNa kahetA te kayArathI ane zA mATe, tenuM Apela vistRta varNana-zatavahanavaMzI vAsiSThaputra tarIke oLakhAtA rAjAo sAthe joDAyelAM lagabhaga cha sAta birUda ane te darekane samajAvelo bheda-amarAvatI pATanagaranAM sthAna ane AyuSyane karele vivAda tathA atyArasudhI taddana aMdhArAmAM paDI rahela tenI jAhojalAlIne Apela citAra-gautamIputre dhAraNa karelI nItinAM keTalAka rAjasUtro-aMtima samaye temaNe dIdhelAM dAnanI ane karelI sIla vahIvaTanI sthApanA vizenI carcA

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ekAdaza pariccheda ] ariSTakarNanAM nAma tathA umaranI mAhitI [ 213 zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) vaparAyAM hoya. jyAre A rAjAnA zilAlekha ane (17) gatamIputra zAtakaraNi urpha ariSTakarNa sikkAomAM che, tene tenI mAtAnA gotra uparathI naM. 15 vALA vAtikarNa ane tenI gautamI gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA sAmAnya nAmathI ja oLa khAvavAmAM Avyo che. gotrI rANI baLazrInA be putromAM A nAne putra thato hato. pitAnA moTAbhAI teNe zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM zakAri vikramaTUMka paricaya evA naM. 16 vALA dIpakaNie dityane madada ApI hatI. A uparathI, zaka prajAnA nAma tathA rAjagAdI choDI dIdhI te samaye hArI gayA bAda te zakane rAjA, je nAsI chUTayo umara teno putra keAI haiyAta na hovAthI, hatA teNe, pAchuM joituM baLa meLavI A madada karapitAnI mAtAnI salAhapUrvaka nAra AMdhrapati upara, vaLato humale vera vALavA karyo teNe gAdI saMbhALI lIdhI hatI. tenuM rAjya I hatI. te samaye AMdhrapatinA tAbAmAM kaliMgadeza sa. pU. ra thI 47 sudhI 25 varSa cAlyAne noMdhAyuM che. hAvAthI yugapurANamAM tene "kaligapati zAta" tarIke ke. A. 2. mAM pR. 66 upara je AMdhrapati koSTaka varNavyA che. te nIcenA zabdothI spaSTa thAya che. utArAyuM che temAM bhagavatapurANanA AdhAre A rAjAne (juo pu. 4 pR. 20 pakti 7) " pachI te dhanane nAma aniSTakarmana jaNAvyuM che. aniSTa eTale naI chavA lAbho bhaMDAIne bharela, pApI mahAbaLavAna zaMkapati cogya ane karma eTale kArya, matalaba ke, na IcchavAyogya kaliMgarAja zAtanI bhUmine bhUkhe, kaligadeza para kArya karanAre tene kahyo che. eTale samajAya che ke A caDAI karI jIva kheze. ane bhAleDAMthI saMgrAmamAM rAja jaina matAnayAyI hovAthI (jAo pR. 2 sikkA aMga veDhAI jaI sarve dhIca, adhama zakAne saMhAra naM. 75) tene dharmanA kAraNe purANakAroe AvuM nAma vaLaze te niHsaMzaya che. pachI te zAMtimAM uttama kadAcadaI dIdhuM haze. chatAM nyAya khAtara kahevuM paDaze ke rAjA, pitAnI senAthI pRthvI hastagata karI dasamuM yugapurANamAM tene uttama rAjA lekhI tenA zauryanI varSa jIvatAM maraNa pAmaze. " AmAM varNavela banAva prAMsA karI che. eTale samajavuM rahe che ke, bhagavata- I. sa. pU. 57 ke te bAda thoDA mAsamAM banyo purANanA zabdo kadAca dhamaSane lIdhe hoya ane yuga. hevAnuM noMdhAyuM che. (juo pu. 4 zakAri vikramAdityanuM purANanA teNe karela kAryane aMge hoya. vaLI teNe vRttAMta) eTale te hisAbe dasa varSa pachI. I. sa. zakaprajAne harAvavAmAM zakAri vikramAdityane madada pU. 47 mAM A kaligapati zAta rAjA ariSTakarNanuM karIne tenA jeTaluM ja parAkrama dAkhavela hovAthI, mata zAMtipUrvaka thayuM che ema pUravAra thAya che. vaLI zakAri vikramAdityane bheda batAvavA, adraka vikrama saM. 16 vALo rANI baLazrIne moTA putra hoIne, ditya (zUdra vaMzamAM thayela hovAthI) nuM nAma amara Azare I. sa. pU. 75 mAM jyAre te gAdIe beThe kozakAre tene apyuM che (juo pR. 206). tema bhAratakA tyAre tenI umara 25 varSanI gaNAI che eTale A prAcIna rAjavaMza pu. 2, pR. 169 mAM tene rikatavarNa nAnA putranI be traNa varSa nAnI lekhI, tene tathA viSNu nAmathI oLakhAvyo che. saMbhava che ke janma I. sa. pU. 97 nA arasAmAM noMdhIzuM ane A nAme tenA zarIranI cAmaDInA raMgane laine te hisAbe I. sa. pU. 47 mAM tenA maraNa samaye = (1) gu. va. so. nuM buddhiprakAza pu. 76, pR. 88; pu. 4, pR. 19 upara ApaNe utAryuM che.) temAM pR. 20, lekhaka marahuma divAna bahAdara kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruve paMkita 12 "pachI te zAntimAM uttama rAjA" vALA zabdo, mAkhyAna rUpe Apela che (A vyAkhyAnanuM vAkaya lakhyA che te atra Apela hakIkata sAthe sarakhA ,

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214 ] zaka prajA sAthenAM ariSTakarNanA yuddhane samaya [ ekAdazama khaMDa te Azare 50) varSano hovAnuM dhArIzuM. A pramANe vaLI gayo hato tethI te yuddhane ja ApaNe te aMtima * tenAM nAma tathA umara vizeno khyAla samajI le. yuddha lekhIzuM. e vastune svIkAra karyAne artha ema rAjA gautamIputrane zaka prajA sAthe be vakhata thayo ke kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha paheluM hatuM. bIjI yuddha thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. eka vakhata zakAri vikramA- bAju ema kahevuM ke kaliMgabhUminA yuddhamAM zakapatinuM dityanI madadamAM rahIne ane to maraNa nIpajavA pAmyuM hatuM; te prazna uThaze zaka prajA sAthenA bIjI vakhata svataMtra rIte zaka- ke eka vakhata marI gayA bAda zakAri sAthenA yuddhonA samaye patinI sAthe, kaliMganI bhUmi bIjA yuddhamAM pAcho zakapati Avyo kyAMthI ? upara (juo pu. 4, pR. 20) kAMI zakapati ke anya koI uparI amaladAra athavA tenI najIkamAM; ke je laDAImAM zakapatinuM maraNa sivAya ekalI prajA potAnA nAme ke jokhame to nIpajyuM che tathA dhIca, adhama, zaka prajAne saMhAra laDayA na ja kare. eTale zakAri sAthenA yuddhane vaLI gayo che. A be yuddhamAMnuM kayuM paheluM thavA aMtima dhAravAnuM mithyA che. bIjI rIte paNa te mudo pAmyuM hatuM te zodhI kaDhAya te, itihAsanI keTalIka puravAra karI zakAya che. zakaprajAnA ItihAsa uparathI ghaTanAo je tenA rAjyavize banI hovAnuM manAyuM (pu. 4 mAM juo) samajAya che ke teo IrAna taraphathI che, te upara sAro je prakAza paDe che. rANI baLa- utarI AvyA hatA ane varSARtu besI javAthI zrInA lekha (juo lekha naM. 13) uparathI samajAya thoDA vakhata sudhI saurASTramAM sthiratA karI rahyA che ke teNe Restored the glory of his fore- hatA. pachI RtunI anukULatA thatAM temaNe yuddha fathers & destroyed the sakas=(taNe) laDavA mAMDayuM hatuM; have je zakAri sAthenuM yuddha pitAnA pUrvaje gumAvelI kIrti punaH saMpAdita karI chelle ja gaNavuM hoya te svAbhAvika rIte mAnI hatI ane zakaprajAno vidhvaMza karI nAMkhyo hato. levuM ja paDaze ke kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha prathama eTale ke te laDAImAM teNe zaka prajAno khoDo kADhI teo laDayA hatA. vicAro ke saurASTramAMthI nIkaLIne nAMkhyo hato ane te bAda zakaprajAnuM nAma meTe bhAge prathama gujarAta ane mALavA upara halle laI javAnuM itihAsamAMthI adazya thaI gayuM hatuM ema kahevAnI temane sugama paDe ke, dezanA eka nAkethI-pazcimethI matalaba che. A hakIkatane, teNe zaka prajA sAthe laDelA nIkaLI bIje nAke-pUrve AvI rahela kaliMgasudhI ane uparamAM jaNAvelA be yuddhanI sAthe sarakhAvIzuM, pahoMcI javuM sUgama paDe. vaLI trIjo muddo e che ke te tarata ja spaSTa thaI jaze ke, je yuddhamAM punaH prajA hiMdamAM je utarI AvI hatI te mALavakIrti saMpAdita karela che te kaliMganI bhUmi upara patie karela anyAyanuM nivAraNa karavA ane kAlikalaDAyala bIjuM yuddha ja hovuM joie. kAraNa ke temAM sUrinA teDAvyAthI, nahIM ke kaligapatie karelA kaI ja zakapati pite maraNa pAmyo che tathA yugapurANamAM anyAyathI ke jenuM kAMI mULe nathI tema saMbaMdha paNa karela varNana uparathI ema paNa jaNAya che ke te ja nathI. A prakAranI traNatraNa taraphanI vastusthiti yahamAM ghaNA zakano ghANa vaLI gayo che. tathA eka nihALatAM cakkasa thAya che ke, zakAri vikramAditya vakhata zakapati ane tenI zakaprajA nAza pAmI sAthenuM yuddha prathama che ane kaligabhUmi uparanuM yuddha jAya tyAre ja te adazya thaI gaI kahevAya. eTale te chelluM che. pahelAnA samaya I. sa. pU. 57 che sAbita thaI gayuM ke kaliganI bhUmivALuM yuddha zaka eTale bIjAne samaya, te bAda thoDA mAse=I. sa. prajAnA astitva mATenuM aMtima hatuM. dalIlanI pU. 56 ne TharAvavo paDaze. khAtara ema koI prazna kare ke, zakAri vikramAditya pR. 4, pR. 82, TI. 70mAM sUcanA karI che ke, sAthe khelAyela yuddhamAM paNa agaNita zAkano ghANa zakAri vikramAditya sAthe zaka prajAne je laDAI thaI

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ekAdaza pariracheda ] kArUranuM sthAna [ 215 hatI te sthAnanuM nAma kArUra hatuM ane A kArUra kayAM be pakSa vacce yuddha jAme, tyAre dekhItuM ja che ke, te AvyuM te saMbaMdhI amArA vicAra beunA lazkarane bheTe vaccenA pradezamAM ja thAya. temAM kArUranuM sthAna pu, pamA jaNAvIzuM. atre ApaNe paNa dakSiNahiMdavALe pakSa humalo karanAra che eTale zakaprajA sAthenA yuddhanI vAta te potAnA sthAnathI ghaNo ja AgaLa vadhI Avelo karI rahyA chIe. temanI sAthenAM banne yuddha A gautamI- mAnavo rahe. jyAre bacAvapakSane avaMtivALo samuha putra zAtakaraNi laDayA hatA. temAMnA ekamAM pote svataMtra bahu thoDI majala karI Ave, tyAMja duzmanane maLI rahIne ane bIjAmAM zakAri vikamAdityanI sAthe ja mAnavo rahe. A siddhAMta dhyAnamAM rAkhIne madadamAM rahIne laDe hate. svataMtra yuddha kaliMga bhUmi je kArUranA sthAna vize je sarva maMtavyo thaI rahyAM upara thayuM hatuM (juo upara pAri.) ane zakAri che teno vicAra karIzuM to, kAMIka pAke pAye nirNaya sAthe maLIne laDAyaluM yuddha kArUra mukAme hatuM. ATale upara AvI zakAze. A viSaya para pu. 4mAM sudhInI hakIkata puravAra karI gayA chIe. A kArUra aSTamakhaDe keTalIka vicAraNA karI, keTalAMka sthAnI gAma kaLyAM AvyuM te ja have zodhavuM rahe che. azakyatA joI lIdhI che eTale te cheDI daIzuM. eTaluM nakkI thaI gayuM che ke, A yuddhamAM laDanAra atre te zakya sthAnonI ja vicAraNA karavI rahe che. eka pakSe je zakaprajA hatI temAM temane madadagAra zAhI tevAM sthAnomAM eka maMdira che. ke te vize paNa rUSavadAttavALI hindI zakaprajA, athavA tenA saMbaMdhamAM pu. 4, pR. kara, TI. naM. 4ramAM jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke, rahelA kSaharATe ke tevI ja paradezI prajAnA kTAchavAyA maMdasora vartamAnakALanA ratalAma zahera pAse AveluM aMze, temaja rUSabhadatte pitAnA sasarAnA rAjyakALa che, eTale ke avaMtinI uttara dizAe; jyAre ApaNe daramiyAna ajamera najIkanA puSkara mukAme jItelA uparanA siddhAMta pramANe te laDAinA sthAnanI jagA uttamabhadra kSatriyo I.-AvI bhinnabhinna prajAno banelo avaMtinI dakSiNe AvavI joIe. ema cepyuM samuha hatuM. A sarvanuM sthAna-mukhya mathaka avaMti- jaNAvyuM che ane kalpanA karatAM siddhAMta vadhAre ujaina prAMtamAM hatuM; jayAre bIjA pakSe vikramAditya majabuta gaNAya che. mATe maMdasoranuM sthAna je kevaLa gardabhIla ha. pelI prajAnA hAthe potAnA pitA kalpanAne lIdhe ubhuM karyuM che teno tyAga karavo paDaze. gAMdharvasenanI hAra (jIo pu. 4 pR. 14) thatAM, te eTale have kevaLa eka ja sthAna vicAravuM rahe che. baMdhusahita dakSiNAdhipatinA Azraye jaI rahyo hato. evI sUcanA maLI che ke mahunI dakSiNe viMdhyA avaMtimAMnA zakaprajAnA rAjaamalanA sAta varSa parvatamAM jyAM purANI mAhiSmatInagarInuM sthAna che sudhI (I. sa. pU. 64thI 57 sudhI) teo dakSiNanA tyAM AgaLa A kArUra AvyuM hatuM. A sUcanA AMdhrapatinA Azraye rahI joitI sAmagrI ekaThI ApaNA siddhAMtane sarva rIte saMtoSatI mAlama paDe che karI, avaMti Upara potAnA pitAnI gAdI zaka eTale te ApaNe vadhAvI laIzuM. A mAhiSmatIne pAsethI pAchI meLavavA halo laI AvavAnA hatA. sthAna ghaNuM karIne narmadA nadInA uttara kinAre che. matalaba e thaI ke, eka pakSa avaMti tarapha hato ane pachI tyAMja ApaNe paNa kArUranuM sthAna TharAvavuM ke, bIjo pakSa dakSiNahindamAM hatA. eTale jyAre A tApI nadI ane narmadA nadInA vaccenA pArvatIya (2) AdhAra maLI Ave to vadhAre sArUM. tapAsa karavAne maMtavya paNa TAMkayAM che tathA jaNAvyuM che ke, A laDAI kAma lAge mATe ahiM nirdeza ja karI lIdho che. lATadezamAM thaI hatI. buddhiprakAza" pu. 81, aMka 1; purANa AdhAre eka lekha kathAsaritasAgara pramANe paNa kArUnI laDAI lATadezamAM rA. i. caM. munazIe lakhyuM che temAM paMDita jayasvAlajInA thavAnuM jaNAya che.

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216 ] pradezamAM TharAvavuM, te te mAtra paMdara vIsa mAila Adhe pAsenA ja prazna rahe che. jyAM meATI ne meTI bhUlA paNa cAlI jatI heAya che ane lAcArIpaNe calAvI laIe chIe, tyAM ATaleA nAnA phera kAMI visAtamAM lekhAve na joIe. sAra e thayeA ke kApharanuM sthAna jyAM narmadAnadI khAravANI saMsthAnamAMthI pasAra thAya che tyAM athavA tenA kinArAthI gheADe dUra AveluM hAvuM joIe ane tyAM I. sa. pU. 57mAM A laDAI thaI hatI. zAhI vaMzanA ANelA aMta tathA samaya uparanA e pArAmAM zakaprajAnI sAthenA anne yuddho; (1) kAphara mukAme I. sa. pU. pachamAM zakAra sAthe madadamAM rahIne ane (ra) khIjAM ligabhUmi upara zakati ane tenA maLatiyA zakaprajAnA sainya sAthe I. sa. pU. 56mAM svataMtra rIte, gautamIputre laDayA hAvAnuM sAbita thai gayuM che. have eka trIjA muddAnI vicAraNA hAtha dharIzuM. nAsikanA zilAlekha naM. ( paMcama paricchede juo )thI ApaNane nAta thAya che ke ennAkaTakanA svAmI gautamIputra A vakhate vaijayaMti jItIne tyAM peAtAnA lazkara sAthe mukAma karI rahyo che. tyAMthI geAvaradhana prAMtanA peAtAnA sUbAne hukama pharamAve che ke rUSabhadatta je dAna ApyuM hatuM te have pote ApyuM che ema pheraphAra sUcavatI nAMdha karavI. AnA samaya peAtAnA rAjye 18 muM varSa che eTale ke 54 i. sa. pU.; A lakhANathI traNa cAra bAbatanA pATha ApaNane maLe che. (1) I. sa. pU. 54mAM pote ennAkaTakanA rAjakartA hatA. eTale ke tenI rAjagAdI ennAkaTakanI amarAvatI nagare I. sa. pU. 54nI paNa pUrve kayAranIce sthapAi gai hatI. (2) peAte rAjA hatA chatAM lazkaranI saradArI laine yuddhamAM medAne paDatA ane jIta meLavavAmAM sahAyarUpa thatA. (3) pote vaijyaMtimAM beThA che te geAvana prAMtanA sUbAne hukama Ape che eTale ema paNa sAbita thaI gayuM. ke te prAMta paNa i. sa. pU. 54mAM tenI hakumatamAM zAhI vaMzanA ANelA aMta tathA samaya [. ekAdazama khaDa tA hatA ja. (4) paNa rUSabhadatte trirazmi parvatanA tapasvIo mATe je dAna kareluM hatuM te pheravavA jevI sthitimAM te te samaya sudhI AvyeA nahAtA; jyAre kAi evI sthiti atyAre ubhI thavA pAmI hatI ke jene lIdhe te have AvA pheraphAra karavA zaktivAna banyA hatA. atra ApaNe A naM. 4 vALI sthitine vicAra karavAnA che. lekha naM. 31thI 35 sudhI nAsikanA pAMca zilAlekhAthI jANI zakAyuM che ke rUSabhadatte tyAM I. sa. pU. 118thI 113 sudhInA pAMca varSomAM kAMIne kAMI dAna karyuM che. tema nahapANanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM pUravAra karAyuM che ke A sthAna upara tenI AjJAthI ja tenA jamAi rUSabhadatta caDAI laI gayA hatA te te pradeza jItI lIdheA hatA. eTale ke A dAna karanAramAM napANu ane rUSabhadattanAM nAma joDAyalAM che. temAMnA eka, nahapANa te I. sa. pU. 74mAM maraNa pAmI cUkayA hatA. eTale tenA nAmanI bahu paravA karavA jevuM rahyuM nahAtuM. parantu rUSabhadatta jIvatA hatA. te jyAM sudhI te jIvatA hAya ane tenA upara jIta na meLavI zakAya, tyAMsudhI tenuM kareluM dAna pheravavA jeTalA adhikAra paNa peAtAne kayAMthI hAya, ema gautamIputranuM mAnavuM thatuM hAya te yathAyeAgya che. A rUpabhadatta ke tene zAhIvaMza I. sa. pU. 74mAM nahapAnA mRtyu bAda, saurASTramAM rAjasattA bhAgavatA hatA ema pu. 3 nA dazamA paricchedamAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. tenI sattA kaDedhaDe I. sa. pU. 65 sudhI tA saurASTramAM pelI zaqaprajA, zakasthAnamAMthI AvIne kAlikasUri sAthe utarI tyAMsudhI hatIja. te khAda A* zakaprajAe avaMti jItI lIdhuM ne tyAM rAja karavA mAMDayuM. tathA chevaTe A zakapati pAsethI zakAri vikramAditye avaMtine pradeza i. sa. pU. 57mAM jItI lIdhe| tyAMsudhI paNu, saurASTapati tarIke zAhIvaMza cAlu ja hatA. alabatta, rUSabhadatta pote gAdIpati hatA ke tenA putra devaNuka te prazna judI che. parantu zAhIvaMza paNa zakaprajAnA eka aMza hAine zakaprajAnuM astitva hatuM ema kahI zakAya ja. A

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] kalaMka ke ujavaLatAne gAdI sAthe saMbaMdha nathI [217 pramANe eka sthiti thaI. jyAre upara pR. 216 naM.1mAM eTale A prasaMga zAtavahana vaMzane kalaMka samAna hatA. kahI gayA chIe ke I. sa. pU. 54nI pahelAM, gautamI- paNa te bAda rANI baLazrInA putra gautamIputra zAtakaraNIe putre potAnA sUbAne rUSabhadattanuM nAma pheravI nAkhavAne kSaharaTi ane kaprajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhI, janA hukama Apyo che. temAM trIjI bAjue e hakIkata che. paiThaNane samarAvIne navuM nagara banAvI, pite rAjagAdI ke gautamIputre zaprajAne kaliMganI bhUmi upara I. sa. pAchI tyAM lAvyo hato. A banne kAryane te vaMzanI pU. 56mAM harAvI khalAsa karI nAkhI hatI. matalabake gayelI kIrti punarjIvita karyA samAna gayuM che. A A traNe banA zilAlekha AdhAre nirdhArita hovAthI ane prasaMge keTaleka aMze satya che chatAM. te sAthenAM nizaMka ja gaNavAnA che. temaja te sarvane samaya kAraNo to kAlpanika joDI kaDhAyala samajAya che. I. sa. pU. 57 thI 54 sudhInA 3thI 3 varSanA . naM. 12 ane 13nA jIvana vize lakhatAM ApaNe gALAne ja che. temAMye lekha naM. 7 mAM jaNAvyA batAvI gayA chIe ke hAra je khAvI paDI che te pramANe zakaprajAno. sAthe sAthe kSaharATa ane yavana kalaMka to che ja, parantu te samaye temane tyAMthI gAdInuM ItyAdine saMhAra paNa vaLI gayo che. eTale zakAri sthAna pheravavuM paDayuM nathI. kemake te pUrve keTalAMya vikramAdityanA yuddhane aMge ane kaliMgabhUmi upara varSothI pATanagara te amarAvatImAM laI javAmAM thayela yuddhane aMge ja, sthitine nirNaya karavA ApaNe AvyuM hatuM. eTale je kalaMka samAna hatuM, te te mAgatA hoIe te, I. sa. pU. 56mAM ja zaka prajAne temanA pavitra tIrthasthAne gumAvavAM paDayAM hatAM tene aMta AvI gayo gaNavo paDaze. paraMtu nAsikanA lIdhe hatuM. matalaba ke te lAgela kalaMkanA kAraNarUpa zilAlekhamAMnI hakIkatane paNa, sughaTita rIte sAMdhavA rAjakIya tattva karatAM dhArmika tattva hatuM. jyAre kItine mAMgatA hoIe to, rUSabhadattanuM nAma jyAre I. sa. pAchI ujajavaLa banAvavAnA kAraNumAM, je prajAnI 5. 54 sudhI nAbuda nathI ja thayuM, tyAre teno vaMza hAthe mULamAM mAra khAvo paDayo hato, te ja prajAne ke te pote tyAM sudhI jIvato che, ema gaNIne zAhI harAvIne nirmaLa karI nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. teTale vaMzanI sattAne aMta I. sa. pU. 54 mAM AvyAnuM aMze barAbara che. paraMtu te thayela chatanA pariNAme eka vikalpa tarIke ApaNe mAnI levuM rahe che. je rAjapATa punaH te pradezamAM lAvavAmAM AvyuM ke pu. 3, pR. 360 ane 372 mAM ApaNe kahyuM che hatuM te vAstavika nathI. te aneka draSTAMtathI sAbita ke rUSabhadattanuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 58mAM thayuM hatuM. ane te karI zakAya che. (1) prathama te jyAM rAjapATa khasebAda devaNukanI sattA jAmI hatI tathA tenuM maraNa I. sa. DavuM ja paDayuM nathI tyAM pAchuM te sthAne lAvavAne mana pU. 5ramAM thatAM te zAhIvaMzane aMta AvI gayo hato. upasthita thato nathI. (2) lekha naM.13mAM "navanarasvAmI' eTale A pramANe tyAM have sudhAro karavo rahe che. lakhela che. te sthAne "navanagara" banAvIne je artha lekha naM. 13 mAM zatavAhana vaMzanI kIrtine besAra paDayo che te artha ja, eka vakhata pUrve karela gAtamIputre punaH ujajavaLa ne je ullekha che tene bhUlane sAcI TharAvavA mATe kalpanAthI upajAvI vidvAnoe ema ghaTAvyo che ke, nahapANanA samaye kADhavo paDela che. A hakIkata ApaNe te lekhanuM varNana rUSabhadatta tathA pradhAne ame te karatAM saMpUrNapaNe samajAvI che. (3) te pradezanA aneka kalaka ke ujavaLa vakhatanA zAtakaraNine harAvIne sthAne. rUSabhadata temaja zAtavAhana vaMzavALAe, je tAne gAdI sAthe nAsika ane tenI AsapAsane prakAranAM dAna ApyAM che te noMdha uparathI, zaMkAsaMbaMdha nathI mulaka jItI lIdho hato. temaja rahita temaja taddana spaSTa rIte samajI zakAya che ke, te pradezamAM AveluM pATanagara tene rAjakAraNa sAthe aMza mAtra paNa saMbaMdha nathI. paiThaNa khAlI karI javAnI temane pharaja pADI hatI. kevaLa dhArmika hetu ja te pAchaLa samAyeluM che. (4). 28

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gautamIputra zAtakaraNa eka ke bhinna bhinna 218 ] vaLI rUSabhadatte jIta meLavI che te agAu, jema keTalAya samayathI te dezamAM gAdI pheravavAmAM AvI che, tema rUSabhadattanA pakSa upara sAmI jIta meLavyA bAda keTa lAya varSAMsudhI rAjanagara te pradezamAM lAvavAmAM ja AvyuM nathI. eTale rAjapATane khaseDavAne ane krI lAvavAnA prasaMgane te hArajItanI sAthe kAI paNa prakAre lAgatuM vaLagatuM ja nathI. (5) temaja je pradezanA vistAra zAtavAhanavaMzane I. sa. pU. 114 nI AsapAsamAM gumAvavA paDayA che, te te temaNe I. sa pU. 57 thI 54 sudhImAM A prajA upara jIta meLavI, te pUrve ja pAchA meLavI lIdhA hatA. kemake jyAre i. sa. pU. 57 mAM gautamIputra zAtakaraNa pAte, lazkarane laIne zakAra vikramAdityanI madadamAM kArUra mukAme thayela yuddha laDavA mATe nIkaLyA che, tyAre nAsikavALA pradezamAM thaine ja tene pasAra thayAnuM samajavuM rahe che. ane jo te peAtAne tAbe na heAya tA zuM vinA harakate temAMthI nIkaLI zake kharA ? tethI puravAra thAya che ke, gumAvela pradeza tA zAtavAhanavaMzIee kayAranA meLavI lIdhe hatA ja. eTale te pradezanI khATa kaeN punaH prAptine paNa kalaMka ke yazanI nirmaLatA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. [ ekAdazama khaMDa 38-39 mAM ( nAsika zilAlekha naM. 7, pR. 47ne havAlA ApI ) gautamIputra vilivAyakurasane uddezIne jaNAvyuM che ke "The edict is to the effect that a certain field upto the present time in the possession of Rsabhadatt shall be secured etc......adyApi je rUSabhadattanA nAma upara hatuM te havethI (bIjAne nAme) laI levAnI matalakha darzAvatI hakIkata lekhamAM che." eTale A pAchaLanA vAkayathI samajAya che ke te banne gautamIputrane temaNe eka mAnI lIdhA che. A banne kathanamAM ApaNane jo ke thADAka pheraphAra tA dekhAya che para Mtu temaNe nizcayapaNe kAMi jaNAvela nahIM hAvAthI te upara ApaNe bahu nukatecenI karavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. have ApaNe svataMtra hakIkata ke anya purAvAthI tapAsI joI e ke te banne vyaktie eka ja che ke bhinna bhinna che. amArA mata pramANe te banne bhinna ja lekhavI rahe che kAraNa ke (1) ekane gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa kahevAya che jyAre bIjAne gautamIputra zAtakaraNa evA sAdA nAmathI ja saMkheAdhAya che. eTale ke nAmamAM ja prathama daro tA phera che. (2) yajJazrI zAtakaraNinA kAI paNa sikkAmAM (jIe sikkA naM 64,69) caherA kAtarAyalA nathI kevaLa akSare| ja lakhela che. jyAre gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA sikkAmAM (jIe sikkA naM. 75) caherA che, tema akSarA paNa che. eTale pu. 2, pR. 54 mAM jaNAvyA A prakAranA vividha khulAsAthI have vAcakane khAtrI thai haze ke je pramANe vastusthiti hAvAnuM samajAi rahyuM che tathA samajAvavAmAM AvyA kare che te pramANe che ja nahIM. tenuM svarUpa taddana juduM ja che. paMcama paricchede, zilAlekha naM. 5-6 (kanherI)nuM vivecana jotAM mAlUma paDe che ke kA. AM. re. pusta-pramANe yajJazrInA samaya, pAzcAtya prajA sAthe Arya prajA kanA kartA DaoN. repsana sAhebane saMsargamAM AvI te pahelAne Thare che jyAre gautamIgAtamIputra vili- prathama najare, gautamIputra yajJazrI putra zAtakaraNanA saMsargamAM AvyA pachInA kare che. vAyakurasa ane vilivAyaphurasa ane nahapANunA ane tema karatAM ane zAtakaraNanA samayanI vacce paNa gAtamIputra zAta- mahArA upara karIne chApa pADa-ghaNA aMtara paDI jaze. (3) naM. 2 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe karaNa eka kenAra pelA gautamIputra zAtakaraNa gautamIputra zAtakaraNanA samaya pAzcAtya prajAnI bhinnabhinna anne eka ja hAvA vize zaMkA ubhI thaI che ema jAhera karyuM che. paraMtu temaNe potAnA pustakamAM ja pR. 29 pAri sAthe saMsa mAM AvyA pachInA je Thare che tenI sAbitI paNa ApaNane temanA sikkAcitrAmAMthI upalabdha thAya che; kemake nahapANunA caherA upara gautamIputre peAtAnI (3) ja. mAM. haiM. rA. e. seA. 1927, pu. 3, pR. 73 tathA a. hiM. IM. trIjI AvRtti pR. 21; (Nahapan coins were restruck by Gautamiputra=nahupANanA sikkA upara gautamIputre pharIne chApa marAvI che.)

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ekAdazama pariccheda . gautamIputra zAtakaraNi eka ke bhinnabhinna [ 219 chApa paDAvI che. tema zilAlekhamAMthI paNa teja sthiti to the Andhras=IpaNa rIte zaMkArahita che puravAra thaI jAya che. kemake nahapANanA samakAlIna ke, nAsika jIllA uparanI hakumata havethI (A rUSabhadatte ApeluM dAna (juo lekha naM 7) te potAnA pharamAna kADhayuM tyArathI jene samaya ApaNe I. sa. nAme pheravavAnI AjJA pharamAve che, jethI sUcIta pU. 54 TharAvI Ape che. juo uparamAM pR. 216, thAya che ke pote rUSabhadattanI pAchaLa thayo che. naM. 1 vALo pATha) kSaharAnA hAthamAMthI nIkaLIne eTale ke nahapANa prathama thayo che ane pachI gatamI- AMdhranA hAthamAM AvI che." A pramANenA kathanathI putra thayI che; jyAre gautamIputra yajJathI nahapANunI temanuM maMtavya ema thatuM jaNAya che ke kSaharATa prajAnA pUrve thayo che, (4) ekamAM caherA jevuM kAMI ja nathI hAthamAMthI tarata ja te bhUmi AMdhraprajAnA hAthamAM jyAre bIjAmAM nahapAno cahero hato ane te upara AvI gaI hatI. jyAre ja. baoN. baeN. ra. e. se. nA gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA akSaro lakhAyA che. (5)ekamAM mata pramANe te "This proves conclusively tIra kAmaThA jevAM cihyo che , A zatavAhanavaMzI that Nahapan and Gautamiputra were AdinA rAjAonA sikkAcihno jevAM gaNAyAM che not contemporaries but were separated eTale te prAcIna samayanAM che, jyAre bIjAmAM cahere by a very long perid=A uparathI chevaTe pADela che je arvAcIna paddhatinI nizAnI rU5 gaNAya phalita thAya che ke nahapAnuM ane gautamIputra sahache. (6) ekanA sikkAmAM ujenanuM cinha ja nathI, samayI to nahotA ja paraMtu te baMne vacce ghaNuM lAMbA tyAre bIjAmAM te prathama najare caDI Ave tevI kALanuM aMtara paDI gayuM hatuM." A lekhake gautamIputrane rIte kotarAyeluM che. AvAM AvAM aneka pramANethI samaya I. sa. 78 gaNuvyo che. eTale ke temanA joI zakAya che ke te banne nAme judI judI vyakti- maMtavya pramANe lagabhaga doDhaso varSanuM aMtara kapAyuM nAja saMbhave che. che. A pramANe eka pakSanI mAnyatAthI nahapAyuM baMne gautamIputra bhinna bhinna sAbita thayA pachI ane gautamIputrane lagabhaga samakAlInapaNe lekhAvAya have temanA samayano vicAra karIe. prathama gautamIputra che jyAre bIjA pakSanI mAnyatAmAM deDha varSane zAtakaraNino samaya vicArI laie. nAsika zilAlekha AMtara batAvAya che. bemAMthI pAchaLanA pakSanI mAnyatA naM. 7 thI spaSTapaNe ane zaMkArahIta sAbita thaI upara vicAra karatAM dekhAya che ke tene bahu mAnya jAya che ke te, nahapANu ane rUSabhadattanI pAchaLa thayo rAkhI zakAze nahIM, kemake doDha varSa jeTalA samayamAM che. vaLI kyAre nahapANanA caherAvALA sikkA upara keTalAya rAjAne rAjaamala cAlI gayA hoya ane tenuM pitAnuM nAma paDAvyuM che tyAre sikkA lekhathI paNa teTalA samaya sudhI nahapANanA maheravALA sikkAo te hakIkata siddha thaI gaI lekhAya ja. paraMtu nahapANathI vaparAzamAM rahevA pAmyA paNa na hoya ke jethI tenA upara tarata pAchaLa tene samaya che ke thoDA kALe che te, gautamIputra pitAnuM mAruM paDAvI zake. A mAnyatA uparanI hakIkatathI puravAra thayuM na gaNAya. je ke ke. baMdhabesatI thatI nathI lAgatI sivAya ke, bhaviSyamAM A. 2, pR. 48mAM " There can be little amaka pramANe banavAnuM che mATe nahapAno sikko doubt in any case, that it indicates jANI joIne amuka vakhata sudhI saMgrahita karI recent transfer of the Government in rAkhyA hoya. tema banavuM asaMbhavita che. A sthiti the Nasik dist. from the Ksaharatas jotAM, bIjA pakSanI mAnyatA karatAM, pahelAM pakSanI * (4) juo paMcama paricachede lekha naM. 7 nI hakIkata tathA tenI TIkAo, (5) jue navI AvRtti pu. 3, 5. 65,

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220 ] dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvarane bheda [ ekAdazama khaMDa mAnyatA tarapha vadhAre pasaMdagI utaratI gaNAya. chatAM ane gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi te banne judI ja vyasamayanI cokhavaTa to temAMthI paNa tAravI zakAtI ktio che; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa te baMne vaccenuM aMtara nathI ja. paraMtu have ApaNane jyAre baMnenA samayanI pUre- lagabhaga cAra sadI jeTaluM paDI gayuM che. eTale teo pUrI ane nizcayapaNe jANa thaI gaI che, tyAre kahI bahu najIkanA paNa na gaNI zakAya che, jethI azoka zakIe chIe ke nahapAnuM zAsana I. sa. pU. 114 ane priyadarzinanA kissAmAM jema banyuM che tema temane thI 74=40 varSanuM hatuM ane temAM paNa tene sikko arasaparasa ekabIjAnA sthAne bhUlathI goThavAvI A pradezamAM je moDAmAM moDo calaNamAM mUkAyo heya devAmAM Ave. paNa tenI samaya I. sa. pU. 74ne kahevA paDe; jyAre eka bIjI vastusthiti vicAratI rahe che. upagautamIputre A prAMta upara I. sa. pU. 57 pahelAM jIta mAM te yajJazrI gautamIputranI vicAraNuM zilAlekhane meLavI hatI. eTale je vahelAmAM vahele pitAne cahero AdhAre ja ApaNe karI che. paraMtu pu. 2 mAM sikkApaDAvyo hoya te paNa tenI sAla I. sa. pU. 57nI citra naM. 64-65nA adhikAre Apela varNanathI ema hoI zake. jethI AvI bevaDI chApavALA sikkA- samajAya che ke naM. 6 vALa dhapati paNa yajJazrInA ne AMtara eAchAmAM ochA 74-57=17 varSane nAme oLakhAto hato. jo ke tenA nAmane kaI ane vadhAremAM vadhAre 114 (nahapANanA rAjyAbhi- zilAlekha maLI AvatuM nathI eTale te pramANamAM kathI)-47 (gautamIputranA maraNa sudhInA)=67 varSane te acokkasa kahI zakAya. chatAM ye sikkAmAM jyAre kahI zakAya. A banne rAjavInA sikkAnA samaya spaSTapaNe nAma lakhAyuM che ane anya prAsaMgika paratvenI vicAraNAne prasaMge upasthita thatAM, eka ADa- hakIkatane lIdhe tene naM. 6 vALo TharAva paDe che tyAre, prazna rUpe uparanI carcA karI nAMkhI che. paraMtu khare te kabula rAkhI tenA samaya vize vicAra karI le mana te gautamIputra zAtakaraNInA samayane lagatA ja rahe che. teno samaya I. sa. pU. 299-281=18 varSane hato ane rAjyakALa ApaNe (dvitIya paricchede eTale naM. 2 pachI eka sadI pachIne gaNaze ane jAo) I. sa. pU. 72thI 40=25 varSane TharAvyo che. te hisAbe be vaccenuM aMtara cAra sadIne badale traNa have gautamIputra yajJazrIne samaya vicArIe. je sadInuM lekhAze. paraMtu tethI karIne je sAra uparamAM nAmAvaLI pariccheda bIjAmAM ubhI karI batAvI che ApaNe derI kADhe che temAM kAMI jUnAdhika thatuM te uparathI naM. 2 ane naM. 26 vALAo A nAme nathI ja. oLakhAvavAno hakka dharAvatA kahI zakAya. paraMtu gatamotrI rANI baLazrIe potAnA putra naM. gautamIputra zAtakaraNi naM. 17 vALAnI sarakhAmaNImAM 17vALA zAtakaraNinI ane patra naM. 18vALA vAsi4je yajJazrInI vicAraNA karavAnI heya, te te tenA putra pulumAvI zItakaraNanI prave thayelAnI ja hoya, eTale naM. 26 ne ApaNe dakSiNApathapati ane oLakha ApatA je aneka bAda karavo paDaze. pachI te mAtra naM. 2 vALo ja dakSiNApathezvarane zilAlekhe ApaNane smRtinA rahyo ane teno samaya I. sa. pU. 414-381 no bheda vArasA tarIke ApyA che temAM che. eTale A banne gautamIputra (naM. 2 ane 17 naM. 7 nAsikano vadhAre upayogI vALA)nI vaccenuM aMtara lagabhaga cAra sadI jeTaluM hovAthI temAM Apela vRttAMtanI madada laIne A paDI gayAnuM kahI zakAze. pArigrAphamAM vivecana karavA mAMgIe chIe. naM. 7mAM A uparathI siddha thaI gayuM ke zilAlekha naM. pitAnA putrane dakSiNApathapati ane naM. 13mAM 5, 6, ane 7 mAM nirdiSTa thayela ane rANI baLathInA pitAnA pAtrane dakSiNApathezvara kahIne saMbodhyA che. putra tarIke prakhyAti pAmela gautamIputra zAtakaraNi, banne lekhe pratyekane rAjya 18mA varSe kotarAvelA

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] dakSiNapathapati ane dakSiNapathezvarane bheda [ 221 heIne bannenA samaya vacce naM. 13nA rAjyakALa A nirNaya-abhiprAya zA mATe temane Apa jeTaluM aMtara che. eTale teno hisAba karIne naM. 7nA paDayo haze te ApaNe kahI zakIe tema nathI; te lekhano vakhata I. sa. pU. pa3 ane naM. 13nA enA artha vacce zuM marma che evuM temanA jevA vidvAna lekhane I. sa. pU. 28 ApaNe ne che. atra samajI na zake, tema paNa na kahI zakAya. paraMtu te baMnenA birUda vacce zuM taphAvata che tenI carcA karIzuM. temaNe lakhela zabda jarA bArIkAIthI ane vicAra naM. 17 vALA aneka dezane svAmI hatA. tenAM pUrvaka vAMcIe chIe te "territorial titless nAmanI eka moTI hAramALA ApavA uparAMta temAM prAdezika khitAba-hAdAone lIdhe teozrI potAne AvatA aneka parvatanA nAmanI paNa alagAra rANI anumAna doravAne lalacAyA hoya ema dekhAI Ave zrIe ApI che. jethI upara Tapake jonArane te che. jo ke te bAbatamAM pAchI pitAnA vicAro e ja khyAla AvI jAya che ke aho, A rAjAne jaNAvatAM lakhe che ke, while the place name tAbe keTalI ye pRthvIne vistAra haze. jyAre naM. 18ne in the inscription thus merely record lagatAM varNanamAM rANIzrIe kaI pradeza ke parvatanAM the conquests of Gautamiputra and nAma paNa ApyAM nathI, tema koI prakAranuM lAMbuM in no way represent the extent of lAMbuM vivecana paNa karyuM nathI. mAtra tene dakSiNa- his empire=jo ke lekhamAnAM sthaLonAM nAme pathezvara kahIne upade che. bane birUdano aMgrejI. uparathI gatamIputre meLavela che tenI noMdha nIkaLe che mAM anuvAda karatAM "Lord of the Deccan" ane te uparathI kaI paNa rIte tenA sAmrAjyanuM tarIke De. repsane temane jaNAvyA che tathA te bAbatano mApa nIkaLI zakatuM nathI. eTale ke temaNe prAdezika pitAno abhiprAya vyakta karatAM kahyuM che ke vistArane khyAla paNa rAkhela che ja. chatAM tyAre "It is significant that in this inscrip- AvA zabda kema uccAravA paDayA che ! dekhAya che tion the territorial title which Gauta* ke "conquest=chata' zabdane lIdhe A badhI bhAMja, miputra won by his conquests are gaDa ubhI thaI lAge che. mULa lekhamAM kayAMya "chata" zabda not inherited by his son, who is sim- lakhyo ja nathI. tyAM mAtra "svAmIja lakhela che ply styled "Lord of the Deccan" eTale ke te pradezane te mAlika hate. khAsa hakIkata (Daksinapathesvara) khAsa noMdhavA lAyaka nIcenA pArigrAphamAM puravAra karI dekhADI che. te pradeza che ke, pote meLavela chatane lIdhe gaiAtamIputre je pradezane pote jItyA hatA, paNa tene vArasAmAM maLyA lagatAM upanAmobirUda prApta karyA hatAM te, A hatA. mAtra je teNe mahatvanuM kArya karI batAvyuM hatuM zilAlekhamAM tenA putrane lagADavAmAM AvyAM nathI; te, zaka ane kSaharATone harAvI karIne, pitAnA pUrvatene to mAtra dakSiNapathezvara ja kahIne saMbo che." jenI AbarUne lAgela kalaMka dhoI nAkhyuM hatuM te ja; eTale ke temanI mAnyatA pramANe dakSiNApathezvara ane teTaluM smAraka jALavI rAkhavA pUrato ja zilAnAne hodo che jyAre dakSiNApathapati mATe che lekhano hetu che. have A uparathI samajAze ke, athavA bahu bahu to kadAca sarakhA darajaje gatamIputrane zA mATe dakSiNApathapati tarIke baLabaMne hoya, paraMtu dakSiNApathezvarane darajajo meTe heya zrIe oLakhAvyo che. jyAre tenA patra vAsiSThaputra ema te temanuM mAnavuM jarAye thatuM nathI ja. pulumAvIe te pitAne je pRthvI uttarottara pUrva samajAvavAmAM Avaze. 6) jIo paMcama pariccheda lekha na, 13. () vaLI naM. 18mAMnA rAjyavistAramAM A bAbata

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222 ] kaliMga deza paNa AMdhrapatine tAbe hatA [ ekAdazama khaMDa taraphathI-ahIM kaho ke naM. 17vALA maitamIputra upara jIta meLavI", pitAnuM khaDiyApaNuM kabUla karAvIne taraphathI-vArasAmAM maLI hatI, temAM svaparAkramathI tene punaHsthApita karyo hate. chaThThA pachI sAtamAne jItI laI umero karyo hato. te eTale sudhI ke rAjaamala Avyo. tene paNa potAnA rAja amalanA dakSiNahiMdano je keTaleka bhAga atyAra sudhI koI lagabhaga poNA bhAga sudhI, tene te sthitimAM pasAra AMdhrapatine tAbe Avyo na hato te paNa chatI karavo paDyo hato, paraMtu jevuM priyadarzinanuM maraNa lIdhe hatA ane te uparAMta siMhaladvIpa paNa meLavI thayuM ke tarata teNe khaMDiyApaNuM phagAvI daI svataMtrAdhikAra laI tyAM pitAno jhaMDo pharakAvyo hato. tethI ja jamAvI pADayo che. tyArathI te svataMtra kaligapati kahevarAteNIe pitAnA pAtrane dakSiNApathezvara kahIne vAyo che. A samayathI mAMDIne naM. 17 sudhInA AMdhrasaMbodhyo che. eTale ApaNe paMcama paricachede lekha patinA AdhipatyamAM te pradeza uttarottara utarI Avyo naM. 13nI hakIkatamAM je jaNAvyuM che ke "A che. eTale te sarvane kaliMgapati tarIke saMbodhI zakAya. be zabdomAM dakSiNApatha sAmAnya zabda che. uparAMta te ja pramANe yugapurANamAM paNa zAtavaMzI rAjAone ekamAM pati ane bIjAmAM Izvara zabda samAsarUpe kaliMgapati kahyA che. (juo pu. 4, pR. 20mAM buddhi joDayA che. pati zabdathI kevaLa svAmitva ja sUcavAya prakAzane utAro-kaliMgarAja zAta-evA zabdo che, jyAre Izvara zabdathI mAlikI, moTAI, caDiyAtA- lakhyA che). eTale je ema kahIe ke, TheTha cheDenA thoDAka paNuM batAvavA uparAMta, pUjyabhAva paNa darzAvAya che. bhAga sivAya AkhuM dakSiNahinda AMdhasattAmAM ja hatuM matalaba ke dakSiNApathapati karatAM dakSiNApathezvarane to te khoTuM nathI. AthI vAstavika dekhAze ke zAri hodo ghaNA prakAre caDiyAte che." te sarva kathana vikramAditye naM. 17vALA AMdhrapatinI kumaka zaka prajAne barAbara che ema A uparathI samajI levuM. harAvavA je mAMgI hatI te AvaDA moTA sAmrAjyanA sAmAnya rIte e ja khyAla baMdhAI gayo che dhaNInA manathI evaDuM moTuM kArya kAMI nahotuM, sivAya ka, AMdhrapati ke zAtavAhana vaMzanI sattA pazcima ke, temAM pitAno svArtha kaI rIte sadhAtA hindanA dariyA kinAre, bahubahu athavA to lokakalyANanI bhAvanA vinAno te prayAsa kaliga deza paNa te godAvarI nadInA mukha pAse hoya. ApaNe jotA AvyA chIe ke sAmAnya rIte AMdhrapatine tAbe AvIne aTakI jatI hatI. AMdhrapatioe. vidhyAcaLa parvata vadhIne uttara tenI uttare eTale ke je bhUmine hindamAM AvI, jarA jeTalIe bhUmi meLavavA temaja vartamAnakALe madrAsa ilAkAne te upara pitAnuM svAmitva nibhAvI rAkhavA prayatna gaMjAma challo ane uttarasarakAra tarIke oLakhAvAya Adaryo nathI; hA kahI zakAya ke kevaLa naM. 7vALo che te te anya rAjAnI hakumatano pradeza ja gaNate. avaMti sudhI doDI AvyA hatA ane te vakhatanA mauyajyAre madrAsa ilAkAnA A bhAgane paNuM bAkAta rakhAya vaMzI atipatine teNe namAvyo hato. temAM paNa dezajIte che tyAre tenI ye uttare Avela orissA prAMtanI hada meLavavA karatAM dharmapracAranI bhAvanA mukhyapaNe rahI te Ape Apa temAMthI bAda tarIke ja rakhAtI gaNAya, hatI. te ApaNe tenA vartana uparathI joI zakyA paraMtu vAstavikapaNe tema hatuM ja nahIM. naM. 4, 5 ane chIe, kemake teNe mairyavaMzI bhUpatione ja pAchuM 6ThThA AMdhrapatinA vRttAMte pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke avaMti saMpI dIdhuM hatuM. mAtra potAnuM varcasva jALavavA A badhI jamIna temane kabajAmAM hatI. temaja naM. 6 pUrateja eka mANasane-puSyamitra senAdhipatine-tyAMnI samaye samrATa priyadarzine te samayanA AMdhrapati darabAramAM te mUkato AvyA hatA. AvI rIte parApUrvathI (8) juo priyadanine dhaulI jagauDAne zilAlekha pu. 5. 212, DhI, naM. 12 temAMnuM varNana.

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] vAsiSThIputra ane tenAM vizeSaNe [ 223 pitAnA vaDIloe akhatyAra karelI rAjakAraNanI vikramAditya pAsethI meLavI nathI. te hakIkata paNa tenA paddhati je cAlI AvatI hatI te vinA kAraNe naM 17 pitAnA zuddha AzayanI pratiti pUre che; ane eTaluM vALa tyAga kare te samajI zakAya nahIM. eTale te kharuM ja che ke, niSkAmavRtti hamezAM kIrtine vizeSa zakArinI madade utaravAmAM, je be kAraNe ApaNe dUragAminI karI zake che. ATaluM laMbANa vivecana eTalA uparamAM lakhI gayA chIe temAMnA eka kAraNo- mATe karavuM paDayuM che ke pUrve rAjAonA manamAM kevI pralobhano mULe abhAva ja hato. pachI bIjuM kAraNuM bhAvanAono vAsa thaI rahyo hato tene vAcakavargane je lokakalyANanI bhAvanAne rahyuM. tenAthI prerAIne te khyAla Ave tathA hAlanA bhUpatione te uparathI zakAri sAthe joDAyo hato ane zaka prajAno kaccara- bodhapATha maLI Ave. A pramANe naM. 17 vALA AMdhaghANa kADhI teNe nAsikalekha naM. 7mAM ketarAvyA patine tAbe je mATe pradeza gaNAto hato te teNe pramANe "Restored the glory of=punaH kIrti jItIne kAMI meLavyo nahote, ema have siddha thayuM. saMpAdana karI hatI." matalaba ke AMdhrapatio kharI rIte matalaba ke De. resane jIta tarIke jene gaNI kADhI che kaliMgapatio paNa hatA. nahapAnA samaye AMdhrapati- te pramANe nahotuM. paNa rANI baLazrIe jaNAvyA pramANe e ja thoDoka pradeza gumAvyo hato te to nAsikanI te pradezano te svAmI ja hato. eTale AgaLanA pAricAke pAseno hato. tene kAMI kaliMga sAthe saMbaMdha nahote. dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNApathezvaranA arthane marma tethI kAMI kaliMgapati tarIkenuM temanuM birUda kheMcAI jatuM temane barAbara nahIM samajAyAne prazna e uThAvAyo na kahevAya. vaLI te bhAga temanA sAmrAjyanA ekaMdara hato tene paNa svaye atra sphoTa thaI jAya che. temaja vistAranA samA bhAga jeTaluM paNa thatA nahote. zAta rAjAone kaliMgapati je kahevAya che tene, rANI matalaba ke teTalo nAne pradeza khAvAthI temane kAMI baLazrIe ke tarAvela zilAlekhathI samarthana maLI jatuM moTI khoTa jatI nahotI, paraMtu pitAnA dharmanA pUravAra paNa thaI jAya che. mahA pavitra tIrtha sthaLo temAM cAlyA jatA hevAthI, A vaMzamAM jema aneka gautamIputro thayA che tema ane te samayanA rAjAo temane lagADAtA dharmapratipALa aneka vAsiSThaputro paNa thayA che. gautamIputro vizenI zabdanA artha pramANe ja-dharmanA mahAna rakSake keTalIka oLakha ane carcA gaNatA hovAthI, teTalA nAnA zA pradezanI khoTa vAsiSThIputra agAu apAI gaI che. atra paNuM, pitAnA vaMzane kalaMka samAna lekhatA hatA. A ane tenAM vAsiSThIputrane prazna chaNI laIe. kalaMka nirmaLa karavAnA uddezathI, temaja avaMtinI vizeSaNo amAro dAvo nathI ke, ame prajAne temanA zakapatio taraphathI je du:kho ane je vicAra atre jaNAvavAnA jI hADamArI bhogavavAM paDatAM hatAM tathA temAMthI chIe te taddana bhUla vinAnA che athavA te saMpUrNa ja temane mukti apAvavAnI prajAkalyANanI bhAvanAthI ja che. paraMtu zilAlekha temaja sikkAonA-bArIka naM. 17vALA AMdhrapati zakAri sAthenA yuddhamAM, zaka- abhyAsa sAthe anya etihAsika banAvonI meLavaNI prajAnI sAme ubho rahyo hato ane temAM yaza paNa karIne je nirNaya upara ame AvI zakayA chIe meLavyo hato. A yuddhamAM yaza meLavI ApyA bAda paNa teja mAtra raju karela che. eTale te viSayamAM uMDA teNe karela madadanA badalAmAM, leza paNa jamIna utaranArane te bahu madadarUpa jarUra nivaDaze eTaluM ame (9) Aja pramANe sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAM, je teNe chatamAM meLavyA hatA evuM samajI levAthI keTalA pradezane rUdradAmana svAmI hatA, eTale ke tenI hakamatamAM ADA raste utarI javuM paDayuM che, te have A uparathI kayAranAe uttarottara vArasAmAM AvI gayela hatA, tene barAbara samajI zakAze.

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224 ] vAsiSIputra ane tenAM vizeSa [ ekAdazama khaMDa bhArapUrvaka kahI zakIe chIe. tyAre sugamatAne sthAne ulaTI vikaTatA ubhI thAya che. je nAmAvalI dvitIya paricchede zodhI karIne A traNa pulumAvImAMthI haju naM. 26 mATe sAruM jaNAvI che, temAM vAsiSThaputra sAthe nIce pramANenAM che ke te gautamIputra che, jyAre naM. 7 ane 18 to upanAma-vizeSaNo athavA oLakha ApatA zabdo ane vAsiSThaputra che. vaLI bane bahu ja dIrdhakALI rAjajoDAyA dekhAya che. (1) vilivAya kurasa (2) vidivaye kartA che. uparAMta banne ghaNI yazasvI kArakIrdi bhogavI karasa (3) vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNi (4) pulumAvI (5) gayA che. eTale te baMne ekamekathI oLakhI kADhavAne catrapaNa (6) yajJazrI zAtakaraNi vAsiSThIputra. jema mArga ati vikaTabharela thaI paDe che. chatAM kahevata che AmAMno catrapaNa zabda kevaLa naM. 25ne ekalAne ja ke koI kArya evuM nathI ke jene pAra pAmI na zakAya. lAgela che tema yajJazrI vAsiSThIputra paNa (yajJazrI gautamI- mAtra tenI pAchaLa civaTAithI ane kharA jIgarathI putrathI nirALA paDI jAya che tethI tathA) kevaLa naM. 28ne maMDayA rahevuM joIe. tevI rIte A be rAjAonA ekane ja joDAyela hovAthI te bene oLakhI kADhavAne jIvanamAM je aneka banAvo banI gayA che tene barAbara jarA paNa muzkelI naDe tevuM nathI. te ja rIte vibhivAya smaraNa karI rAkhIe, to te ApaNane mArga mokaLo kurasa vAsiSThIputra paNa (vilivAya gautamIputrathI judo karI ApavAmAM bahu ja kImatI madada pUrI pADe che. paDI jAya che tathA) kevaLa naM. 1 ne ja lAgu paDatA naM. 6 ane 18 vacceno marma samajavA mATe naM. 7vALo hovAthI (jIo sikkA naM. 67-68) tene oLakhI samrATa priyarzinane samakAlIna hato, tenA ja hAthe kADha saraLa che. joke vibhivayakarasanI sAthe kRSNa mAra khAdho hato. tene khaMDiyo paNa ghaNI vakhata bIje ke te prakAranuM bIjuM oLakha ApatuM nAma joDA- sudhI rahevA pAmyo hato, I. I. aitihAsika banAyala kayAMka dekhAya che, paraMtu tethI te sthiti vizeSapaNe vonI mAhitIe sAre phALo pUrAvyo che; sAthe sAthe spaSTa thaI jatI gaNAya eTale tenI gaNatrI nirarthaka priyadarzinanuM sAMketika cihna hAthI hatuM te vigate paNa che. vaLI viliyakurasa te paNa kevaLa naM. 4nuM ja upanAma sahAya ApI che. eTale A sarva hakIkatanA jJAnathI hAI tene kisso paNa mUMjhavatA nathI. A pramANe naM. 7nA sikkA tarata oLakhIne judA pADI zakAya che. chamAMthI cAra vizeSaNono nikAla sahelAIthI ANI A pramANe naM. 18 ane naM. 7 vAsiSThIputra pulumAvIne zakAya tevA che. bAkInA benI-vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNi marma ukelAI gayo che. alabatta, jyAM sudhI eka ja tathA pulumAvInI-ja carcA karavA jevuM rahe che, nAmadhArI paNa judIjudI vyaktionA jIvanabanAvanI A upanAmavALAM traNa rAjAo che. eka naM. mAhitI na hoya ane kevaLa nAma mAtrathI ja temanuM 7na, bIje naM. 18no ane trIjo naM. 26no. A sthAna ke samaya nakkI karavAM hoya, to ghaNI rIte gothAM traNe sAthe pulumAvI zabda lAgela che. A pulumAvIne khAvAM ja paDe che ane chatAMye sAcA nirNaya upara artha zuM thatuM haze tenI pUrI mAhitI amane nathI apAye kharuM ke na paNa avAya. jemake, ja. meM. beM. paraMtu te medhasvAti ane kRSNanI peThe vizeSa nAma hovA . e. sa. pu. 8, pR. 237 (lekhaka DaoN. bhAudAjI) saMbhava che. teTale darajaje te nAma joDAvAthI sugamatA jaNAve che ke, "We have long and valuthaI paDe che. vaLI samajAya che ke sAMpratakALanI peThe able inscriptions of Gautamiputra who prAcInakALa, pulumAvI prathama, dvitIya ke tRtIya ema has hitherto been looked upon as the lakhavAnI paddhati nahotI. ahIM prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya father of Pulumavi as wrongly stated pulumAvI ema ApaNe lakhyA che ke, temanA samayanA in the Puranic list, Gautamiputra anukramane lIdhe samajI levo. eTale zilAlekhamAM ke however appears from one of the Nasik sikkAmAM kayAMya meghamaja pulumAvI zabda najare caDe inscriptions to have been the son of

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- - ekAdazama pariccheda ] amarAvatInuM AyuSya [ 225 Plumayi=ApaNane aitamIputra vizenA lAMbA rahyAM che. ke jarAka sthaLAMtara thaI gayuM che jemake pATaliane kimatI zilAlekho maLyA che jene (autamIputrane) putranuM paTaNA, mathurA I. I; AvAM prAcIna rAjagAdInAM purANonI nAmAvalImAM khoTI rIte darzAvyA pramANe sthAnamAMthI keTalAMkanAM vRttAMta ochA vadhatA aMze yogya palamAvInA pitA tarIke atyArasudhI eLakhAvya sthAne varNavAyAM che, jyAre keTalAMkanI khAsa viziSTatAche. paratu aitamIputra to nAsikanA eka zilAlekhamAM ene ame tadana alaga pADI temano svataMtra paricaya pulumAvInA putra tarIke dekhAya che." matalaba ke pairANika paNa karAvyo che. A svataMtra paricayamAM. sAMcI-vidizAne graMthanI nAmAvalImAM gautamIputrane palamAvInA pitA prathama pustake, temaja pATaliputra, mathurA ane takSilAne tarIke oLakhAvyo che jayAre nAsikanA zilAlekhamAM tRtIya pustake vRttAMta lakhavAmAM AvyA che. jyAre atra pulumAvInA putra tarIke gaNAvyA che. amArA mate, AMdhrapatinA eka evA rAjanagaranuM varNana karavA dhArIe bane ja sAcA che. ekakenuM kathana khoTuM nathI. De. chIe ke te vize vAcakavarganA moTebhAge lagabhaga zUnya bhAudAjInA khyAlamAM je pulumAvI nAmanA rAjAo jevuM ja sAMbhaLyuM haze. A nagaranuM nAma che amarAvatI. eka karatAM vizeSa thayA che e hakIkata AvI hota caturtha paricchede rAjanagaranAM sthAnanI caco to vicAra bIjI ja rIte vyakta karyA hota. DokaTara karatAM be sthAnane vizeSa mahattva apAyuM che; ane bhAusAhebe je nAsika lekhanI vAta karI che te aSTama paricachede te baMne-paiThaNa ane amarAvatI-e saMbhava che ke naM. 6 ane naM. 7 AMdhrapatinI bAbatane keTalo vakhata pATanagara tarIkenuM mAna bhegavyuM hatuM hevo joIe, jyAre purANamAM nirdiSTa thayela pelA tenI carcA karI batAvI che. temanuM paiTha-paiThaNa te na, 17 ane 18 vALAe che. (alabatta naM. 17 hajI sudhI kAMI thoDI ghaNI pitAnI prAcIna gIravatA, vALA naM. 18 no kAko thAya che paraMtu, eka pachI jAnA purANA keTa ane bAMdhaNI rUpe, batAvatuM najara eka AvanAra benI vacce sAmAnya rIte pitAputrano paDe che. paraMtu amarAvatI kyAM AvyuM, te hakIkata saMbaMdha ja lekhAya che te gaNatrIe temaNe putra jaNAvyo paNa jayAM sAmAnyataH aMdhArAmAM paDI hoya, tyAM tenA dekhAya che). e daSTie banane mAnyatA satya ja che. avazeSanI ane bhavyatAnI nizAnIo jaLavAI rahI prAcInakALe ghaNAMye sAmrAjya thaI gayAM che. che ke nahIM te mane vicAravAnuM sthAna ja kayo rahe temAMnA keTalAkanAM rAjanagaro evI rIte tadana che? upalakapaNe tenuM thoDuMka varNana pu. 1 mAM te vakhatanA adRzya thaI gayAM che ke, tene bhAratIya soLa rAjyomAMnA 11mA ghanaTabennATakane amarAvatInuM nathI nAma nizAna jaDatuM ke itihAsa ApatAM lakhAI gayuM che. tenA saMkSipta AyuSya nathI te saMbaMdhI kAMI patto sArarUpe jaNAvI daIe ke tenuM sthAna, hAlanA madrAsa lAgate. jema ke siMdhu- IlAkAmAM kaNAnadInA mukhathI pravAhamArge bhItaramAM saivIranuM vItabhayapaTTaNa, aMgadezanI caMpAnagarI, i. 25 mAIla Asare AgaLa vadhatAM, jyAM bejhavADA I. jyAre keTalAMka rAjanagara evI rIte bhAMgItUTIne zahera AvyuM che te pradezamAM che. amarAvatI nAmanuM nAmazeSa thaI gayAM che ke, je temanI jAhejalAlInuM eka gAma atyAre tyAM astitva dharAve che. A smaraNa ApaNane karAvavAmAM na Ave te te vidyamatA vidyamatA amarAvatI jema bejhavADAnI najIka che tema varaMguLa para khaMDiyAne temanA dhAravAmAM ghaNuM ja saMkeca khamavo zaheranI paNa najIka che. te uparathI zodhapaDe. jemake, kosaMba (kaizAMbI); sAMcI, (vidizA); khoLamAM macI rahelA keTalAka vidvAnoe, amarAbekhAra (vaizAlI); jyAre keTalAMkanA sthAna lagabhaga te ja vatIne badale vAMguLane... ekadA pATanagara hovAnuM (10) ja. ba. baM. ra. e. sa. 1928, navI Avati 5. 3. mi. bakhaleno lekha juo tathA ja, be. eN. ro. e. se, pu. 8 mAM Do. bhAudAjIne lekha pR. 239 juoH -Bennakatak is, I believe identical with

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226 ] * amarAvatInu' AyuSya lekhAvyuM che. para'tu amArI mAnyatA ema che ke hAla jyAM amarAvatI gAma che te ja kharUM sthAna hAvuM joie. temaja te nagaranA vistAra paNa anya rAjanagarAnI peThe dhaNA mAilAmAM patharAyala hevAthI te samaye tene pathArA ejhavADA taraphanI dIzA karatAM, varaMguLanI dIzA tarapha vizeSa pramANamAM haze. tenA khaDiyAmAMthI je moTA stUpa maLI AvyA che tenuM varNana pu. 1 mAM lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, vidvAnee tene auddhadharmanA smArakarUpa jAhera karyo che jyAre amArI mAnyatA pramANe tene jainadharmanA prabhAvaka rUpa jaNAvyeA che. vaLI pu. 4 mAM kaliMgapati khAravelanuM jIvanacaritra lakhatAM je hAthIguphAnA zilAlekhane lIdhe tenI kIrti sArI viduSI duniyAmAM jhaLakatI ane amara banavA pAmI che, tenI sattare (17) paMktinA ukelamAM sudhArAne kayAM kayAM sthAna che te sArI rIte phoDa pADIne vistArapUrvaka dalIla sahIta ApaNe samajAvyuM che. temAM paNa khAsa karIne te caturtha vibhAge pU. 316thI 320 sudhI sarva vAMcI javA bhalAmaNu che.hatA. teneA TUMkasAra e che ke rAjA khAravele sADIADatrIsa lAkha dravya kharaca karIne je mahAvijaya-mahAcaitya nAme prAsAda baMdhAvyA hatA te ja A amarAvatI stUpa che. A amarAvatI stUpanA prathama saMzodhaka karnala mekenjIe [jIe A. sa. sa. I. pu. 1; nyu ImpIriyala sirijha pu. 6, 1882. pR. 23] tene jainadharmanA dyotakarUpa uccAryAM hatA, paraMtu pAchaLathI vidvAnAe te matane uthalAvI nAkhI A dharmanA jaNAvyA che. te sthAne lakheluM amAruM maMtavya, hAthIguMphAnA ukelamAMthI maLI AvatI anya aitihAsika sAmagrI uparathI, tathA karnala mekendrae je pustaka bahAra pADayuM che tenA vAMcana uparathI, tathA dhanakaTaka pradezanI samayeAcita bhegI thayela ghaTanA ane vastuvarNana uparathI, mAtra kalpanA karIne ame bAMdhyuM hatuM. te khAda lagabhaga varSa uparanA samaya vyatIta thaI gayA che, daramiyAna Warrangul, the capital of Telingana or Andhra=hu' dhArUM chuM ke ennAkaTaka te ja tela gaNu athavA [ ekAdazama khaMDa kahevAne su thAya che ke te amArI kalpanAne TakA ApanArA zilAlekha rUpI-pUrAvA maLI AvyeA che. tenuM varNana uparamAM paMcama paricchede lekhana. 10mAM ka|. . . nA AdhAre ApavAmAM AvyuM che. emAM A stUpane na'. 18vALA AMdhrapati>> meTI rakamanI bheTa dharyAnuM kahyuM che. eTale te uparathI sAbita thAya che ke te rUpanuM mahAtmya I. sa. nI Ada sudhI pUrepUrUM jaLavAi rahyuM hatuM. temaja naM. 18 vALA rAjA paNa khAravelanA jevA ja dha premI hatA. A vAta ahIM raho; have ApaNe te amarAvatInA AyuSya upara AvIe. pu. 1mAM rAjA zreNika-iibasAranA vRttAMtathI jANI cUkayA chIe ke, te gAdIe paNa naheAtA AgyeA te pUrve-i. sa. pU. 583mAM,rIsAine te ennAtaTa nagare cAlyeA gayA hatA. tyAM e aDhI varSa rahyo hatA ane eka zrRSTinI sunaMdA nAme kanyAne paraNyA hateA. teNInA peTe magadha mahAmaMtrI abhayakumAranA janma thayA A zreSTie-zreNikanA sasarAe--te nagaranA rAjadarabAre je paradezI sAdAgarA mAla vecavA AvyA hatA tenA saLe! mAla ekalA hAthe mUlya cUkavIne kharIdI lIdhA hatA. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke, je nagare te samaye paNa, AvI samRddhivALA gRhastha zreSTie aneka saMkhyAmAM vasatA thai gayA hatA tathA je sthaLa vyApAranuM meTuM sthaLa banI rahyuM hatuM temaja aneka vaNujhArI seAdAgarA, vahANAmAM mAla bharI avAranavAra tenA kAMThe utaratA hatA, athavA TUMkamAM kahIe ke jyAM ceryAsIbaMdaranA vAvaTA pharakI rahyo hatA, tevA nagaranI sthApanA, nahIMtAye e traNa sadIthI tA thai gai hAvI joIeja. eTale ke I. sa. pU.nI navamI sadI gaNIzuM. tenI paNa pahelAM banavA pAmyuM hatuM ke nahIM te nakkI karavAnuM, ke jhAMkhA aMdAja karavA jeTaluM paNa ApaNI pAse sAdhana nathI. eTale ATalA anubhavathI ja saMtASa aMdhanI rAjadhAnI vara'guLa che,

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ekAdazama paricheda ] kAma karavAnA keTalAMka tenAM sUtra [ rara7 pakaDIzuM. tyArathI mAMDIne A naM. 18nA samaya sudhI paraMtu na hovA kAMI kAraNa nathI. chatAM pote jyAre te pUrNa bhapakAmAM hatuM eTaluM cokkasa thaI gayuM. te rAjApade pacIsa varSa jeTalI mudata sudhI rahyo che tyAre samaya bAda jyAre tene vinAza thayo athavA te paDatI paNa pitAnI pAchaLa potAnA putrone hakka ja joIe, zarU thaI te ApaNA kSetrabahArano viSaya thaI jAya che. tevo kaI jAtano kadAgraha na sevatAM, kharA hakadAra meTAeTale anya zodhakanA hAthamAM te prazna mUkI aMtamAM bhAInA putrane ja gAdI suprata karavA dIdhI che. AvuM kArya jaNAvIzuM ke, jema pATaliputre traNeka sadI jeTaluM tathA hRdayanI vizALabhAvanA sivAya zI rIte banI zake ? mathurA ane takSiAe agaNita varSonuM AyuSya bhogavyuM rAjyabha kAMI nAnIsUnI bAbata nathI gaNAtI. che, tema amarAvatIe paNa hajAro varSanuM bhogavyuM che. jyAre I. sa. pU. haramAM te AMdhrapati banyo parantu AMdhrapatinA rAjanagara tarIke teNe je samaya mATe tyAre avaMtinI gAdIe tAjetaramAM ja gardabhIla mAna bhagavyuM che, te to temanA sAta varSa jeTalA rAja Avyo hato. te vakhate saMjoga evA hatA ke lAMbA rAjyakALamAMthI mAtra cAra sadI jeTalAja che kSaharATa nahapANa aputra maraNa pAmavAthI tenI gAdie ane te viSaya aSTama paricchede carcAI gayuM che. caDI besavAnI ghaNAnI jhaMkhanA hatI. temAMye avaMti tenA mATenA je zilAlekho maLI AvyA che te deza jevuM samagra bhAratanuM nAka eTale saheje baMdhAnA uparathI te mahAparAkramI, goravAnvIta ane dareka rIte manamAM galagaliyAM thAya ja. A sthAna rAjA gardabhIle pahocate havAne tarata khyAla te tarata mATe to hAtha karI lIdhuM hatuM ane prajAne kAma karavAnAM keTa- Ave che. paraMtu tenA hRdayanA umeda hatI ke paradezI rAjA karatAM svadezI rAjAnA lAMka tenAM sUtro keTalAka guNa tenA jIvananA banA zAsanamAM vizeSa sukha bhegavAze. paraMtu putranAM lakSaNa vomAMthI je tarI Ave che tenuM pAraNAmAMthI jaNAya te kahevata pramANe, gabhIla rAjA varNana to temAM apAyuM na ja hoya, amane je becAra jyAre ahaMkArI, viSayalaMpaTa, jIddI ane keAInuM paNa guNo tenAmAM dekhAya che tenuM varNana atra karIzuM. na mAnanAro lAgyo, tathA julama gujAravAmAM pAchuM prathama to gAdI upara tene hakka ja nahote vALI joyA vinA temaja nyAya ane anyAya jevuM kemake tenAthI meTobhAI hato te te vakhate haiyAta hato. kAMIpaNa vicAryA vinA eka ja lAkaDIye sarva hAMkato chatAM jyAre te moTAbhAie gAdIne tyAga karyo tyAre lAgyo, tyAre avaMtinI prajA hIjarata karI dakSiNa paNa, te bhAinA putrane ja gAdI maLavI joIe, tarapha utaravA lAgI hatI. te vakhate jo ariSTakarNa cchiA ane bhAvanA teNe piSelI. paranta te AMdhrathatie-A naM. 17 vALA maitamIputra-dhAryuM vakhate putrajanma nahIM thayela hovAthI gAdInI heta, te bhAratanA mukuTa samAna lekhAtI avaMtinI gAdI sahIsalAmatI sAcavavA temaja potAnI janetA- sahaja vAramAM teNe bacAvI pADI hota. vaLI tema karato mAtA-rANI baLazrInI salAha ane AgrahathI ja teNe aTakAvavAmAM uttarahiMdane inDopArthiana zahenazAha rAjapada dhAraNa karI lIdhuM hatuM ema dekhAya che. A ajhIjha paNa tene ADo Ave tema nahotuM. eTale sthiti mAnavAne kAraNa e maLe che ke, jyAre ne cAre tarapha tene manadhAryuM karI levAmAM phAvaTa Ave tyAre kAMI rAjakAjamAM jarUra ubhI thatI ke rANI tevuM ja hatuM. chatAM teNe je nispRhatA batAvI che te baLazrInI salAha pramANe te vartata mAlama paDe che. vaLI nirlobhavRtti vinA kadApI banI zake tevuM nathI ja. potAne putra hato ke nahIM te jo ke jaNAyuM nathI. tema kAInA gharamAM vinA kAraNe-ke bolAvyA vinA (11) potAnA pUrvajone lagADeluM kalaMka joI nAkhavAne baLazrIe je A kalaMkanI vAtane zilAlekhamAM AgaLa karI prasaMga hato chatAMye tenuM mana bahu talasI nahetuM rahyuM. batAvI che te tenA uddagAra che, nahIM ke rAjA ariSTakarNanA, tene mana te te kAraNa paNa svArthamaya lAgatuM hatuM. rANuM

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228 ] kAma karavAnAM keTalAMka tenAM sUtra [ ekAdazama khaMDa mAthuM na mAravAnA siddhAMtane apanAvyA vinA te AkhA bhAratanA nakazAe juduM ja svarUpa dhAraNa sthita nibhAvI zakAtI nathI. kadAca ema kahevAya ke karyuM heta ! paraMtu AvI kaTokaTIbharyA samaye paNa gadaMbhIla karatAM pote be varSa moDo gAdIe Avyo teNe pote ghaDelA amuka niyama pramANe ja kAma lIdhe che, eTale jema gardabhIlane rAjakaratAM thoDAM ja varSe rAkhyuM hatuM. A siddhAMtane mUrkhAibharelo kaherA ke thayAM hatAM, ne prajA tenA julamathI trAsI UThI hatI, zANapaNayukta kahevA, te to kevaLa bhaviSya ja kahI tema ariSThakarNane paNa thoDA ja varSa thayAM hatAM eTale zake. chatAM kahevuM paDaze ke, jyAre gardabhIla rAjA trAsa veThatI prajAne hAtha jhAlavAne te zaktimAna zakarAjAne hAthe mAra khAine avaMtinI gAdI khAlI na gaNAya. A niyama prajAnuM dila jyAre sAtha karI nAsI gayo tyAre tenA putrane vicAra thayela ke ApavAnuM na hoya tyAre lAgu paDe kharo. paNa atre AvA kaparA kALe kayAM jaIne Azraya meLave che kemake to prajA uThIne jyAM sAmI cAye AvatI hoya uttara hiMdamAM te paradezI rAjya cAlatuM hatuM tyAM bIjuM jovAnuM ja zuM hoya? chatAM carcA khAtara ane dakSiNamAM A bematalabI ane beparakhAIkabula rAkho ke tene hiMmata nahIM hoya mATe avaMti bharela rAjA hatA. paraMtu dezI ane hiMdI evA rAjAnA upara caDI javAne hilacAla karI nahotI. jo ke manane palaTo koI paNa rIte karI zakAze ja. evI A kAraNa satya nathI kemake avaMti sAmrAjya karatAM dhAraNathI teo dakSiNa tarapha vaLI nIkaLyA hatA. A samaye AMdhra sAmrAjya moTuM hatuM; eTale tAkAta A bAju avaMtimAM sAta varSa zaka rAjAe julama ke hiMmatano savAla ja nahoto. paraMtu jyAre A karavAmAM gujAryA tyAre bIjI bAju dakSiNamAM AvI gardabhIlane ja sajA karavA, jainAcArya kAlikasUrie rahelA gardabhIlakumAroe A svadezAbhimAnI kahe uThIne madada levA mATe bahAra najara doDAvI, tyAre ke svadharmAbhimAnI kahe athavA prajAnA sukhadu:khane svadharmI ane badhI vAte pahoMcatA evA A pitAnAM mAnI lenAra kaha-evA rAjAne kharI sthinajIkanA ja AMdhrapati pAse kAM temaNe Tela na nAMkhI ? tithI vAkephagAra karI, rAjyabhane khAtara nahIM vaLI gaIbhIlane uThADIne zakarAjAo avaMtipati banyA paNu zaraNe Avela prajAno uddhAra karavAmAM ja rAjavI che. temaNe ekaMdare sAta varSa rAjya bhogavyuM che. te sAta dharmanAM gaurava ane prabhutva samAyelAM che ema samasAta varSanA vahANA vahI gayA bAda jyAre pAchI te jAvI taiyAra karavAmAM gALyAM hatAM. kahevata che ke, je ja prajA pitAnA rAjAnA julamathI jAna parezAna banI thAya te sArAne mATe, pApa pIpaLe caDIne pokAre che. svataMtratA meLavAne taiyAra banI beThI hatI eTaluM ja te pramANe aMte rAjA ariSTakarNanuM kALajuM pIgaLyuM ane nahIM, paNa avatinA sArA sArA zeTha zAhukAro prajAne trAhI trAhI thatI tathA sarva vAta hada oLamAtRbhUmino tyAga karI AMdhrarAjyanI hadamAM AvI gAtI joI tyAre teNe zastra sajyAM ane yuddhanI bherI vasyA hatA ane tenA rAjyane AbAda tathA vaibhava- vagaDAvI raNakSetre kudI paDaze. dakSiNamAMthI uttarahida vaMtu banAvI mUkayuM hatuM, tyAre paNa zuM te potAnI tarapha cAlI nIkaLyo. avaMtipati zakarAjAne samAprajAnI madade caDavAnuM DahApaNuyukta dhArate nahIM hoya ? cAra pahoMcADayA eTale te rAjA paNa sAmane jhIlavAne A sarva saMyoga evA hatA ke, teNe nispRhIpaNAno bahAra paDe. sAmasAmI dIzAe prayANa karatAM, narmadA athavA koI bIjAne gharamAM ApaNe zA mATe mAthuM ane tApI nadI vaccenA lATapradezanI bhUmi upara, kArUra mAravuM-je pramANe vartamAnakALe amerikA taTastha mukAme tumulayuddha maMDAyuM. baMne pakSe aneka manuSyano saMhAra vRtti dAkhave jAya che tema (alabatta taTasthapaNAnI vaLI gayA. paraMtu 'satyanI jaya ane pApanA kSaya vyAkhyAmAM te samayane AjanI vacce phera che khara) te nyAye gardabhIlakumAra vikramAditya ane AMdhrapati te niyamane custapaNe vaLagI rahyo na hota to ariSTakarNanA pakSano vijaya thayo, jyAre sAmA pakSe zaka

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A :* *,* * * ekAdazama pariccheda ] aMtima samaye dAna ane kosIla vahIvaTa [ 229 prajAne-tamAM anya paradezIo paNa hatA te sarvane- e sAmrAjyanA samrATone ekaThA thatAM nihALavAnuM- moTI saMkhyAmAM kaccaraghANa vaLI gayo. yuddhanA aMte ane chevaTe sAMbhaLavAnuM-paNa saubhAgya prajAne vikramAditya, zakArinA birUda sahita avaMtipati banyo koI bhUminA itihAsamAM noMdhAyAnuM jANyuM che ? ane moTA paNa avyavasthita sAmrAjyano dhaNI kahe eTale ja amAruM kahevuM thAya che ke A sarva pariNAma vAyo. je sAmrAjya dhIme dhIme teNe zAMtimaya karI rAjA ariSTakaNe dhAraNa karelI taTasthAnI-kAInA nAMkhI, hareka prakAre ISya upajAve tevuM mArgadarzaka ane gharamAM mAthuM na mAravAnI-dhAraNa karelI nItinuM ja manavAMchita sukhadAyI banAvI dIdhuM. jyAre potAnA samajI levuM. upakAraka evA ariSTakane maLela bhUmine aDadhe- jema zakAri vikramAditye pitAnA jIvanamAM aDadha hisso levA Agraha karyo tyAre aDadhe to aneka prajopayogI kAryo nispRhIpaNe karyA che tema zuM paNa kiMcita ke talabhAra paNa jamInanI icchA A AMdhrapatie paNa aneka rIte nispRhA keLavI karuM to to mAtAnI kakhaja lAje ne ?12 tathA batAvelI hovAthI temaja pote parAkramI hovAthI tene lAbhanI khAtara ja laDAI vahorI lIdhI hatI e paNa keTalAke vikramAditya lekhAvyo che te akAraNa baTTo ja lAge ne? tamAruM kAma thayuM ane prajA sarva nahIM ja gaNAya (juo pR. 206). vAte sukhI thaI eTale mane AkhI duniyAnuM rAjya - jema teNe koInA rAjyamAM nakAmuM mAthuM na mAramaLI gayuM ja samajuM chuM, mAre mana rAjapATa meLavyA vAnI nIti grahaNa karI hatI, tema jyAM jarUra paDe tyAM karatAM paNa prajAnAM aMtaHkaraNanAM AzIrvAdanI kiMmata bIjAne vizvAse kAma choDI na detAM "Apa mUA vadhAre che. AvA hadayoddagAra kADhavA te-zuM mArdavAnI vinA svarge na javAya te kathanAnusAra pote ja yuddha sAthe niHspRhatAno pUrAvo nathI A patA ? A caDate; ane lazkaranI saradArI laI,13vijayamALA pramANe AMdhrapatie ghaNo ghaNo Agraha chatAM kAMIja paherI, kIti varIne pAcho vaLI Avato. A pramANe grahaNa na karyo tyAre bicAre kAri te zuM kare ? tenAmAM aneka guNe bharelA hatA te savanuM varNana teNe potAnuM sarvasva tenA caraNe dharI, AMdhrapatinA karatAM, nAhaka pRSTo bharAI jAya mATe mukhya mukhya kuTuMba sAthe mitrAcArInI evI gAMTha majabUta karI mUkI eka bene paricaya karAvI have AgaLa vadhIzuM. ke jyAM koI paNa lokopayogI to zuM paraMtu rAja tenA nAme karAyelA zilAlekha naM. 8 (juo yogya ke AtmakalyANanA utkarSanuM kArya hoya to paMcama paricacheda) uparathI samajavAmAM Ave che ke, paNa tenI salAha, madada, ane sAthamAM bhaLyA sivAya potAnA rAjyanA 24mA varSe te kare ja nahIM; ane tethI ja te banne rAjavInA aMtima samaye dAna te bahu mAMdo paDI gayo lAge kuTuMbane, svadharma tIrthasamA saurASTranI bhUmi uparanA ane kauMsIla che. A bimArI ochAmAM ochI zatruMjaya giranAra Adi tIrthadhAmamAM bheLAIne kAma vahIvaTa chaeka mAsa laMbAI dekhAya che; karatAM joIe chIe. temaja avaMtinA gRhaAMgaNa evuM teNe cha cha mahinAne aMtare jevA sAMcInA pradezamAM paNu, AMdhrapatine (naM. 17nA pitAnA sthAna upara eTale pATanagara-bennATaka gAdIvArasa naM. 18 vALAne) tIrthAvataM sakarUpa stUpane nagare beThA beThA, nAsika chalAmAMnA pitAnA tIrthadAna dai bhakti darzAvato nihALIe chIe. A dhAmavALA prAMtanA sUbAne hukama karyo che te uparathI pramANe jyAM mitrAcArI jevuM nathI hatuM, tyAM kadApi jANI zakAya che. A uparathI tenA cAritrya upara, (12) AvA putra mATe rAhubaLathIne zuM che saMtoSa karatAM vizeSa paDatA lakhAvyA hatA tepaNate ochA ja kahevAta ! thAya ! tene mATe zilAlekhamAM je akSare ketarAvyA che tenA (13) jIo zilAlekha naM. 18

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230 ] aMtima samaye dAna ane kauMsIla vahIvaTa [ ekAdazama khaMDa, temaja te vakhatanA hiMdumAnasanI vRtti upara tathA rIta ke manu IcchA batAvyA karatAM kudarata upara phaLanuM rivAja upara paNa keTaleka prakAza paDatA dekhAya che. pariNAma cheDI de, to temane vizeSa lAbha maLe che. eTale tenA cAritryane aMge ke, te pote aMtima ava- rAjA ariSTaka je zubhakAryo karI batAvyAM che temAM sthAe saMsAranI anya jaMjALAmAM mana parovavA adhika sukha meLavavAnI bhAvanAno abhAva lekha karatAM, paralokamAM sukha meLavavAnI IrachAe tathA rahe che. vaLI te niSkAma vRttivALA hovAnuM jANItuM svAtmAnA kalyANArthe dharmapratye vizeSa valaNa batAvato che. eTale paNa saMbhavita che ke, teNe je dhArmika sthAne dekhAya che. AmAM cokhkhI IchA to na ja kahevAya; ke anya rIte dAna dIdhAM che te kevaLa udAsIna bhAvekemake teto sakAma nijAnuM aMga banI jAya che; ane phaLanA pariNAmanI IcchA rAkhyA vinA ja-ApyAM tema thAya te zubhakAryanI phaLaniSpatti mATe pote ja che ema siddha thAya che. A pramANe tenA cAritrya hada bAMdhI dIdhI gaNAya. jyAre kudaratI niyama to e vizenI tathA hiMdamAnasa kevuM hoya che tenI mAhitI gaNAya ane te ja yathArtha che ke, koI paNa kALe kareluM maLe che. temaja hindu rIti, nIti ane vyavahAra kevAM kArya zubha yA azubha, aphaLa jatuM ja nathI ane tenuM hoya che tene paNa pUrA maLe che. vaLI vartamAnakALe kaLa-tenuM pramANa-aka95nIya che. jyAre akalpanIya keLavaNI lIdhelA keTalAya vidvAna AvI dAna devAnI che tyAre tenI parimitatA-pariNAmanI hada to-na ja prathAne vahema, aMdhazraddhA ke dravyano vyartha vyaya karyAnuM, bAMdhI zakAya. eTale ke kudaratI rItie tenI hada ja tathA tene Adhunika kALe ja pravezelI gayAnuM jaNAve che, nathI. paraMtu ApaNe manuSyaprANI zaMkAzIla banIne teo paNa ekadama keIne Astika nAstikano ka dRSTithI adhirA banI jaIne tenI hada IlkAba ApavA karatAM, pote ja AvA zilAlekhI bAMdhI daIe chIe, jethI banemAM arasaparasa virodhaka pUrAvAthI vadhAre vicAra karatA thaze. sthiti upaje che. vaLI svAbhAvika e che ke, denAranI kausIlano vahIvaTa nImyA saMbaMdhI amArA vicAre icchA vizeSa ApavAnI hoya chatAM lenArane ochuM ja te zilAlekhanuM hArda samajAvatAM ja paMcama paricachede joItuM hoya, to denAra teTalethI ja aTakI jAya che. jaNAvyA che. eTale vizeSa lakhavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. ane hada karatAM vizeSa levAnI IcchA ja lenAra ahIM AgaLa tenuM varNana paNa pUruM thAya che. keTalIka dharAve che, te te tene maLavAnuM ja nathI. pariNAme hakIkata je naM. 18nI sAthe saMkalitapaNe jaNAvavA lenArane hamezAM ochuM ja maLe che. matalaba e thaI jevI che te naM. 18mAM jaNAvIzuM.

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dvAdaza paricheda zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAra -(17) rAjA hAla; tenAM nAma, upanAma (birUda), umara tathA kuTuMbIjanane Apela Treka paricaya-tenA rAjyanI keTalIka viziSTatAonI tAravI kADhelI TIpa-sarva adhapatiomAM teNe pitAnA rAjyane vistAra prathama naMbare kevI rIte A hato ane temAM tene kevA saMjogoe yArI ApI hatI tenuM ApeluM varNana-navanara svAmInAnA birUdane artha "navanagara svAmI tarIke adyApi paryata lekhAvAya che te yathAyogya che ke kema! tenI karela carcA ane sAhitya pratye teNe darzAvela premane kAMIka Acho pAtaLo Apelo khyAla-purANamAM nirdezela kuMtala ane rAjA hAla, eka che ke bhinna, tenI Apela dalIla saha vigate rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti, ane tenA dharmanI ApelI samajUtI tathA vividha sthAne teNe karAvela kAryonI lIdhela nUdha; te sarvane karAvI Apela samaya-prAcIna kALe varaghana samayamAM Avela sthitinI arvAcIna sthAna sAthenI karelI sarakhAmaNI ane te uparathI nItarI AvatI beeka tadana navI vAto tathA tene nicoDa-tUpa ane staMbha nirmANamAM rahela muddAone samajAvela bheda; tathA tenI pArakha mATenI batAvelI cAvI-zaka kayAre pravartI zake ane zaka zAlivAhana je kahevAya che te yogya che ke kema ! tathA zAlivAhana rAjAne zakasaMvatsara sAthe saMbaMdha-A praznonI karela DIka carcA-kudaratI siddhAMtane niyama eziyA ane yuropamAM sarakhApaNe lAgu paDe che ke nahIM ? tathA eka mahAna avatArI purUSanuM yurepamAM thayela prAgaTaya-cUDha, kadaMba, mahAbhejI Adi keTalAka zabdanA saMbaMdhamAM ApelI mAhitI

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ra3ra ] vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI udde zAlivAhana [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahanavaMza (cAlu) ane vikalpa 78 varSanI umare, deha choDe che. tene (18) vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi; pulumAvI bIjA rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 47thI I. sa. 18 sudhImAM lekhAze. uphe hAla zAlivAhana etihAsika daSTie adyapi aMdhakAramAM paDela bahupatnIvRttavALA te jamAnAmAM, tathA AvaDe A zAtavAhanavaMzI rAjyamAM sauthI vadhAre jANItuM moTA sAmrAjyanA bhAvanAzALI ane zUravIra rAjAne nAma itihAsakArone to zuM, aneka rANIo hoya te samajI zakAya tevuM che. tenI tenAM nAma, birUde, paraMtu sAmAnya prajAne paNa je aneka rANImAMnI kevaLa traNathI cAranI oLakha umara tathA anya thayuM hoya te, te A rAjA tathA nAma jaNAyAM che. (1) eka sihala-malayadezanI paricaya hAla zAlivAhananuM che. tenAM rAjakanyA malayavatI (2) bIjI kaliMgadezanI kaliMga kAraNa paNa che ja; je tenA caritra senA, ane (3) trIjI dakSiNapathanI, tene pradeza nirUpaNathI ApaNe jANIzuM. atre ApaNe tenAM ke nAma ApavAmAM AvyA nathI. uparAMta jANavAmAM vidhavidha nAmo je ItihAsanA pAne AlekhAyelAM AvyuM che ke "kuMtala rAjyamaitrI ane rAjanItinI agyuiM che ke kutala roja najare caDI jAya che tenI tathA tenAM kAraNonI sama- dRSTie lagnagraMthIthI aneka pradeza sAthe baMdhAyo jutI ApIzuM. hato." eTale aneka deze teNe jItyA hatA temAMnA tenA pitAnuM nAma mahendra dIpakaNi ane mAtAne keTalAkanI kuMvarIone te paraNyo hovo joIe. nAma subhadrA hatuM. te pR. 207mAM jaNAvAyuM che; vaLI jaina sAhityagraMtha uparathI samajAya che ke tene te naM. 17 no bhatrijo thato hato tathA zilAlekha caMdralekhA nAme strI paNa hatI. jyAre paurANIka graMthomAM uparathI jenuM nAma ati prakhyAti pAmeluM che te jaNAvAyuM che ke tenI paTarANInuM nAma malayavatI rANIbaLathIno pautra thato hato. A sarva vigata paNa hatuM. eTale je pilI padminI caMdralekhAne sarva zANIprasaMgopAtta jaNAvavAmAM AvI che. tenA pitAe gAdI- othI zreSTha gaNavAmAM Ave to saMbhava che ke te ja tyAga karyo tyAre teno janma thayela nahote jethI tene paTarANI hoya ane tenuM bIjuM nAma malayavatI paNa kAke gAdIpati banyo hato. tenA kAkAe rAjalagAma hoya. vaLI ja. A. hi. ra. sa. pu. 2, bhAga 1 hAthamAM lIdhA pachI, teno janma cha ATha mahinAmAM pR. 66mAM rAjA hAlane siMhalapati sItAme ane thayo hoya te lagabhaga 24 thI 25 varSanI umare tenI gAMdharva rANI nAme zarazrInI putrI lIlAvatI gAdIe Avyo gaNAya. paraMtu jema keTalI AkhyAyI- vere paraNyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. saMbhava che ke uparamAM kAomAM jaNAvAyuM che tema, te bAda thoDA vakhate jene malayavatI kahI che te ja A lIlAvatI haze. janmyA hoya te lagabhaga tera varSanI umare (ma-layavatI ne lIlAvatI tarIke vaMcAI gaI haze). gAdIe Avyo gaNAya. AvI nAnI umare gAdI tene putro keTalA hatA tenI saMkhyAno nirdeza thayela maLedevI sogamAM janma thAya, bIjI sarva rIte vAMcavAmAM Avyo nathI, paraMtu sAmAnya niyama sukhI hoya, temaja moTA sAmrAjyane dhaNI hAya pramANe tenI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra te jayeSThaputra ja chatAMye anyanI sarakhAmaNIe rAjadvArI jIvanamAM hoya. te gaNatrIthI naM. 19 vALA matalakane jIvaMta koI prakAranI athaDAmaNa bhogavavI na paDI hoya- putromAM jayeSTha kahevAya. sivAya vadhAre hovAnuM paNa matalaba, ke niSkaTaka ane nirUpAdhimaya jIdagI saMbhavita che. ane pote 80-98 varSanI umare maraNa gALavI paDI heya-te lAMbu AyuSya bhogavavA pAme pAmyo hovAthI svAbhAvika kalpanA karI zakAya che temAM kAMI AzcaryakAraka nathI. uparanAM kAraNe teNe ke matalaka paNa meTI-lagabhaga 60 uparanI-umare ja lagabhaga 65 varSa rAjya karI, eka daSTie 90 varSanI gAdIe Avela haze. temaja teNe kevaLa ATha varSanuM

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] rAjya bhAgavyuM hovAthI ApaNe darela anumAna satya hAvAnuM paNa Thare che. A pramANe tenA kuTuMbanA paricaya jANavA. have tenAM nAma ane birUdAnuM vivecana karIzuM. tenI mukhya viziSTatA . tenAM prasiddha birUdA, rAjA hAla, athavA hAla vikramAditya, zAla ane rAjA zAlIvAhana hAvAthI tenI oLakha te samajUti ApavA jarUra rahetI nathI chatAM uparanA paricchede prasaMgavazAta mAhitI apAi che. uparAMta purANAmAM tene kuMtala athavA kuMtalazAtakaraNi ane vikramazakti nAme paNa oLakhAvyA che. Ane lagatAM paurANika avataraNA pR. 202 thI 207 sudhImAM utArIne tene lagatI carcA karI batAvI che. eTale punarUccAranI jarUra nathI. sAhityeka birUdA sivAyanA, zilAlekhA ane sikkAomAM je jaNAyAM che te A pramANe che. vilivAyakurasa, pulumAvI, vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNi, dakSiNApatyezvara, zakti kumAra ane mahA hasara. AmAMnA prathama traNanI samajuti rR. 224 upara ane dakSiNApatyezvaranI mAhitI pR. 221 upara ApI dIdhI che. have bAkI e rahyAM. zaktikumAra ane mahAhari; tene lagatuM vivecana paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 1 ane 3 mAM apAyuM che. tyAM AvelI khIjI vigatA sAthe saMbaMdha na hovAthI nukatecInI karIzuM nahIM. atra mAtra eTaluM ja jaNAvIzuM ke temAM vidvAnee jenA vize IzArA karyAM che, jaina sAhityane havAlo ApyA che, akSarAnA pheraphAro thavA viSe niyame batAvyA che tathA chevaTe nAmanI meLavaNI karI ApI che, te varNanavALI vyakita samajI zakAya che ke rAjA hAla-zAka-zAlivAhana che. A vaMzanA 30-31 rAjAomAMthI naM. 4, 7 ane 18 naMbaravALAenAM rAjye, 50 varSa upara cAlyA ha|vAthI te traNanA eka varga judA banAvyeA che. vaLI temAMnAM naM. 4 ane 5 nA varNana AlekhatI vakhate tenA rAjyanI je keTalIka viziSTatAo hatI tenuM darzana karAvyuM paNa che. sAthe sAthe te banne rAjavIne 3. tenI mukhya viziSTatAo [ 233 aMge je khAsa ekeka viziSTatA hatI te upara khAsa lakSa paNa deravAmAM AvyuM che. te niyamane anusarIne te varganA A chellA bhUpati naM. 18vALAnI je viziSTatAo che, teneA khyAla atre ApIzuM. pahelI viziSTatA e che ke, A varganA traNemAM paNa lAMbAmAM lAMthu zAsana A nRpatinuM che. uparanA menepratyekanA rAjyakALa 56 varSanA hatA. jyAre A trIjAne, te AMkaDA uthalAvIne lakhatAM 65 varSe Ave tevaDA dIrdhakAlIna hatA. khIjI viziSTatA e che ke tenA janma daivI saMyeAgamAM thayA che jene lagatA varNananA utArA pR. 202thI AgaLa lakhavAmAM Avela che. trIjI e che ke pAte sAhitya zokhIna heAvA uparAMta kavi paNa hatA. ane kahevAya che ke gAthAsati nAmanA graMtha racanAra A rAjA peAteja hatA. sAmA nya rIte paMDitAne ane sAkSarAne pASavA tathA vidyAne uttejana ApavuM, te rAjadharmanuM eka aMgaja lekhAya che. A pramANe vikramAditya, bhAjadeva, yovarmana Adi aneka rAjAee peAtAnA rAjadarabAre prAcIna samaye paMDitAne pAdhyAnA, deza paradezanA vidvAnA vaccenA thatA vAdavivAdeAmAM pramukhasthAne besIne nirNaya ApyAnA, ane chevaTe mahAnaMda-navamAnaMda jevAe vidyApIThe| sthApIne Ama prajAne banatI rIte saMskArI banAvI uccagAmI banAvavAnA, paNa dRSTAMtA itihAsanAM pAne caDI cukayAM che. chatAM rAjavIe pote ja graMthakAra tarIke AgaLa paDIne nAmanA kADhI hoya tA AnA jeve, ke maDApacIsI ane suDAmahe terInA kanheM rAjA ga`bhIla vikramAditya jevA, rAceAkhaDayA mAtra ekAda ja dAkhalo nIkaLI Avaze. cAyuM.e ke teNe hiMdanI bahAra dakSiNe jaIne siMhaladvIpa upara paNa jIta meLavI hatI. prAcInakALanA AkhA itihAsamAM temAMye je samaya ApaNe grahaNa karyAM che te hajAra ke agiyArase varSamAM-kevaLa e bhUpatioe ja siMhalane jItI lIdhA dekhAya che. pahelo rAjavI hatA zizunAgavaMzI magadhapatirAjA uddayAzva ane khIjo che A zatavAhanavaMzI AMdhrapati rAjA hAla; ane A bemAM paNa rAjA DhAlane zIre vizeSa yaza arpavA

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234 ] tene rAjyavistAra tathA te saMbaMdhI anya mAhitI [ ekAdazama khaMDa paDe che. te eTalA mATe ke, udayA, pite lazkaranI anya mAhitI vistAranI bhItaramAM AvI jato saradArI laIne siMhala upara caDAI nahote laI gayo, pradezanAM ane parvatAnAM nAma jyAre rAjA hAla khuda pote caDhAI laI gayo hoya ema ApyAM che. te uparathI naM. 17 ane 18nA rAjyane samajAya che. A kAraNane laine bhale vistAranI saMkSipta ane uDate khyAla AvI jAya che ja. eTale dRSTie, udayAzva, naMdivardhana ke caMdragupta karatAM rAjA ahIM te na lakhatAM, je kAMI vizeSa jANavA gya hAlanuM rAjya kayAMya nAnuM hatuM chatAM, dakSiNApathezvaranuM che te samajAvIzuM. upanAma rAjA hAlane ekalAne ja lagADAya che. upara naM. 17 karatAM naM. 10no vistAra vizeSa hate varNavelI cAra viziSTatAomAMnI, trIjI-cothIne lIdhe e nirvivAda che ja; kemake ne 18 vALAe malaya jevo paNa tenuM nAma che ke AgaLa tarI Ave tevuM gaNAya dakSiNahidano ane siMhala jevo hiMdanI dakSiNe paNa chatAM, amArI mAnyatA jeno nirdeza have karIe hiMdanI bahAra Avela, evA mulaka upara prabhutva chIe te pramANe, tenuM nAma te sarva karatAM mekhare meLavyuM hatuM. paraMtu naM. 18 ne lagatA je paurANika mUkAvA yogya gaNAvuM raheze. tenuM nAma zAtavAna, graMthonA utArA ApaNe pR. 202thI 207mAM ApI ne zAlivAhana lekhAtuM hoIne, tenI sAthe zaka zabda chevaTe pR. 207 upara je bAra muddAo sArarUpe kADhI joDI, je zakazAlivAhana nAmano saMvatsara hiMdanA batAvyA che temAM sAtamo muddo rAjA zatakaraNine keTalAka bhAgamAM pracalita thayo che. tene aMge amArA avaMtimAM smAraka ubhuM karato batAvyo che. bIjI A kathanano sAro che. koI rAjAnA jIvana sAthe bAju ApaNe naM. 7 vALA zAtakaNinA rAjyavRttAMte saMbaMdha dharAvatA amuka kAryane lIdhe, tenA rAjyanA ema batAvI gayA chIe ke, AkhA zAtavahanavaMzI Adi ke aMtanA varSa sAthe joDIne tenA nAmane rAjAomAMthI avaMti jItI lIdhAnuM mAna, je kaI saMvatsara pracalita thAya te te sahaja samajI zakAya paNa rAjAne phALe jatuM hoya to te kevaLa A tema che ane vAstavika paNa che; paraMtu I. sa. 78thI ekane ja che. jethI zaMkA uThe che ke, paurANika graMthamAM prAraMbha thatA lekhAtA zaka saMvatsaranA varSane, A rAjA ApeluM A saghaLuM varNana kAM naM. 18ne badale naM. hAlanA rAjyakALanAM Adi ke aMta sAthe koI paNa kane lAgu na pADI zakAya ?kemake banne jaNA vAsijAtane saMbaMdha na hovA chatAM, te saMvatsaranA praNetA ' chaputra che, tema pulumAvI paNa che. vaLI pacAsa uparAMta tarIkane yaza tene phALe caDhAvI devAya te eka aho- varSanAM rAjya bhogavyAM che, tema parAkramI ane mazahura bhAgya ja lakhAya ne! A sthitimAM aneka saMvatsara paNa che. AvI ane A uparAMtanI vigate bannene pravartake karatAM paNa Ano naMbara ekadama agrapade lAgu paDe tevI sAmAnya che. te praznanuM samAdhAna mUkavo rahe che. Ane lagato vizeSa adhikAra AgaLa karavA mATe thoDIka jhINI bAbata ta; upara AvavAnuM che jethI ATalo nirdeza karIne ja paDaze. kharI vAta che ke bannee uttarahidamAM atre ApaNe aTakIzuM. A pramANe tene rAjyanI (viMdhyAcaLa parvatanI uttare) praveza karyo che ja. eTaluM ja pAMca viziSTatAo je amArI najare caDI gaI te nahIM paNa avaMtipradezamAM bannee dhArmika smAraka vAcakavRMda samakSa dharI batAvI che. paNa ubhAM karAvyAM che. temAM zuM zuM taphAvata che te | pR. 221 upara naM. 17 ne dakSiNApathapati temaja ApaNe AgaLa upara naM. 18nI dhArmika vRttivALA naM. 18 ne dakSiNApathezvara zA mATe kahevAmAM AvyA pArigrAphamAM jaNAvavAnA chIe, paraMtu rANabaLazrInA che tenI vigata samajAvatAM, temaja lekha uparathI samajAze ke, jenAM sthAne nakkI nathI teno rAjyavistAra zilAlekha naM. 13mAM rANI- karAyAM te sivAyanA, uttarahiMdamAM gaNI zakAya tevA tathA te saMbaMdhI baLazrIe naM. 17 nA rAjya dezomAM surASTra, Akara, avaMti ane vidarbha tathA

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navanasvAmI ane sAhitya zAkha ekAdazama paricchedra ] parvatAmAM pAripAtranAM nAmeA paNa gaNAvyAM che; je sarva tenA putra ane pautranA svAmIpaNAmAM hatAM. uparAMta purANagraMthanA varNanathI jaNAya che ke naM. 18vALAe kAzmira ane sidha sAthe paNa saMbaMdha bAMdhyeA hateA. A pramANe kevaLa bhUmipratyenAM ja nAmamAtranuM avalekana karIzuM te paNa tAravI kaDhAze ke, naM. cha vALAne surASTranI bhUmi upara paga mUkavAnuM paNa kadApi banyuM nathI. kemake lATa ane surASTra te samaye samrATa priyadarzinane tAme hatA, ane tenI sAthenI kaliMganI laDAimAM pAte hArI javAthI kriyA banyA hatA. jyAre surASTranI bhUmi upara naM. 18vALAe gardabhIlavaMzI zakAri vikramAditya sAthe te tIrthabhUmi upara jaI aneka dharmakAryo karyA' che. A pramANe purANu ane jainasAhityanAM kathanane paraspara majabUtI maLatI [ 235 rIte teA naM. 18 ne ja vadhAre baMdhaesatuM thaI jAya che. naM. 17vALAne je pradeza vArasAmAM maLyA hatA ane te pAA naM. 18ne maLavA pAmyA hatA. te zilAlekha naM. 13 uparathI siddha thaI gayuM che. te uparathI samajAya che ke maisura rAjyanI dakSiNahada atyAre je gaNAya che, athavA te| jyAM samrATa priyadarzinanA zilAlekhA ubhA che tyAM sudhIteA mulaka ja temane maLyA haze eTale jene malaya-malakhAra kahevAya che te tathA tenI dakSiNunA trikaNAkAra pradeza ke je pAMDayA rAjya tarIke itihAsamAM oLakhAvAyuM che temA keTalAka bhAga tathA hiMdunI dakSiNe Avela siMhaladvIpa ATalA mulaka naM. 18vALAe, purANIkatra thAmAMthI upalabdha thatI bAtamI pramANe tathA ja. AM hI. rI. seA. mAM thayela nAMdha pramANe (jIe AgaLa pAne) caDAi laI javAnA kAraNamAM rAjakIya karatAM dhArmika tattva ja vadhAre hovAnuM purANIka hakIkata uparathI khulluM dekhAya che (vizeSa hakIkata dhArmika pravRttinA pArigrAphe jIe). A jIta teNe peAtAnA rAjyanA 19mA varSe ke te pUrve ekAda varSe meLavI lAge che. te uparathI tene dakSiNApathezvaranuM upanAma joDAyuM che. (jIe lekha naM. 13) eTale teneA samaya ApaNe I. sa. pU. 28nI lagabhagane teAMdhIzuM. dekhAya che. vaLI kAzmira jevA deza upara paNu ga-svaparAkrame meLaLyeA lAge che. joke, A pradeza upara bhIlavaMzI rAjAonI sattA jAmavA pAmI hatI; ane A zatavahanavaMzIone gabhIlavaMzI sAthe je mitrAcArInI gAMTha lAdhI hatI tene lIdhe teo kAzmira sudhI laTAra mArI AvyA hAya to te banavA joga che. jyAre naM. 7 nA samaye kAzmiranA pradeza samrATa priyadarzinane tAbe heAvAthI tenI sAme mAthu. uMcakI zake tevuM hatuM ja nahIM. eTale sAbita thAya che ke naM. 7 vALAne kAzmira sAthe kAI prakAranA saMbaMdha ja nahotA. A pramANe bhUmi saMbaMdhI prazno vicAratAM, jema sarva kathana naM. 18ne ja lAgu paDatuM dekhAya che, tema daivIjanmanI hakIkata, mAtApitAnAM nAma, guNADhaya kavinuM samakAlinapaNuM, navanagara-navanara svAmI tarIke zilAlekhamAM pragaTa thayela hakIkata i. i. aneka khAkhatA paNu naM. 18nI tarapheNamAM ja lakhAyAnuM sAbita karI zakAya tema che. eTale have nirvivAditapaNe siddha thaI gayuM samajavuM, ke avaMtimAM smAraka ubhuM karAyAnI hakIkata naM. 7 ane naM. 18 annene lAgu paDatI hAvA chatAM, AkhuMye varNana samagra zilAlekha naM. 14 je tenA rAjyanA 22mA varSanA lekhAvAya che temAM tene 'navanarapati' tarIke oLa khALyeA che. eTale tene samaya i. sa. pU. 25ne gaNAze. lekhamAM zabda cAkhe ceAkhkhA navanarapati hAvA chatAM tene navanagara pati eTale navA zaheranA svAmI evA arca dhaTAvavAmAM AvyA che. kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, Navanara another name of Paithan= paiNunuM bIjuM nAma navanara (che); eka khInna lekhakara (1) ja, kheAM. eM, rA. e. se, navI AvRtti pu. 7 3. 75. navanarasvAmI ane sAhitya zAkha (2) ja. e. cheM. ra, e. se. pu, 8, pR. 279 bhAudAjInA lekha,

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navanasvAmI ane sAhitya zAkha 236 ] mAzraye jaNAve che ke "Padumavi is called Narvar swami (a new king) & he has also the title of the Swami of Benakataka= padumAvIne naravarasvAmI (navA rAjA) kahevAya che ane te uparAMta enAkaTakanA svAmInuM birUda te dharAve che." A pramANe je kAlpanika ghaTanA ubhI karAI che te ApaNe lekha naM. 14nA varNanamAM jaNAvI dIdhI che. paraMtu tyAM ApelI samajuti uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke navanara eTale "rAjadarakhArane zAbhAve tevA navanI saMkhyAmAM mahApuruSA" tenA AvI rahyA hatA athavA teA ubhA karavAmAM AvyA hatA. A pramANe te nava purUSAne poSaka hAvAthI navanarasvAmI kahevAtA hatA. matalakha ke teNe peAtAnI pravRtti I. sa. pU. 25 mAM sAhitya tarapha vALI hatI. athavA ApaNe kahI. zakIe ke sihaladIpanI jIta I. sa. pU 28 mAM saMpUrNa karyAM bAda, pote sAhitya tarapha citta vALyuM hatuM ane traNeka varasamAM te eTale sudhI AgaLa vacce| hatA ke peAtAne tyAM, vidyAnA vividha kSetre sArI pratiSThA dharAvatA nava vidvAneA meLavI zakayA hatA jene lIdhe tenI kIrti ddigaMtavyApI banavA pAmI hatI. jethI tenI dAdImAe zilAlekhamAM uccAryAM pramANe te navanarasvAmi tarIke oLakhAvA mAMDaye hatA. temaja jainasAhitya graMthamAM paNa lakhAyuM che ke, zAlIvAhane prAkRta gAthAone eka prakhyAta graMtha racyA che. jainA ene peAtAnA cAra [ ekAdazama khaDa authology of erotic verses (Saptas. ti) professes to be the composition of Hala and is ascribed by tradition to Salivahan, another form of Satavahan= premaviSayaka (saptati nAme) je kAvyanA graMtha che te rAjA hAlanI petAnI kRti hoya ema kahevAya che, ane leAkavAyakA pramANe te zAlivAhana apara nAma zAtavahanane nAme caDAvAI che; vaLI khIjA lekhakepa evI teAMdha karI che che ke That Hala by virtue of his political greatness as well as literary merits=rAjA hAle je rAjakIya mahattA tathA sAhityamAM praviNatA meLavI hatI tene lIdhe Hala is thus not only a great patron of letters but also a warrior who defeated the Sinhalese= rAjA hAla A pramANe vidvAnane mahAna Azraya ApanAra ja kevaLa hateA ema nahIM paraMtu eka TA ceddo paNa hatA jeNe siMhAlIne parAjIta karyA hatA. tyAre eka anya lekhaka te saptati vize ema abhiprAya dharAve che ke It is possible that the collection is due to some court's poet but is known as the work of Hala=saMbhavita che ke te (AkhAya) saMgraha kAI rAjakavie karyo haze paNa tene hAla (rAjA)nI kRti tarIke pIchAnavAmAM AvyA che. matalaba ke keTala kanA mate, te gAthAsati-saptati nAmanA graMthanA racayatA rAjA hAla pote che jyAre keTalAkanA mate, te graMthane (vikramAditya, zAlivAhana, muMja ane bheja) vidvAna rAnaemAM gaNanA kare che. tathA jainasAhityakartA kAI tene rAjakavi che. A pramANe judA judA saMzAdhaka pu. 3, bhAga khIjo, pR. 171mAM pazu tenI sAhatyapASaka vRtti saMbaMdhI ThIkaThIka udgArA kADhyA che. vaLI arlI hisTarI eka inDiyAnA mazahura graMthakartA mi. vinsenTa smitha kaheche ke, The (3) jainIjhama khAI glAjhAnepsa, TrAnsaleTeDa khAca jainadhamAM prasAraka sabhA (bhAvanagara pru. 64). (4) jue trIjI AvRtti pR. 208, vidvAnAnI mAnyatA che. chatAM te graMthanI racanA tathA samaya sAthe jarUra tene kAIne kAI prakAranA saMbaMdha hatA eTaluM te nirvivAda che ja, buddhiprakAza (dhI gujarAta varnAkayulara seAsAyaTInuM (5) ja, A hrI. se|. pu. 2. bhAga 1 pR. 65 (6) ja. be, tre. . e. se. (navI AvRtti) pu. 3. pu, pU .

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ekAdazama paricheda ] rAjA hAla ane kuMtalanI oLakha [ 237 mukhapatra) : 2 aM. 1, pR. 48 thI pa5mAMnA kavi (guNADhaye) rAjAne vikramAdityanuM birUda ApyuM pairANika graMthanA AdhAre hatuM. (cothuM avataraNa) skandasvatI-tene putra mahendra rAjA hAla ane lakhAyelA eka lekhanA pAMceka (mRgendra svatakarNa) zAtakaNi ane tene putra kutala kuMtalanI oLakha utArA ame pR. 202 thI ghaNo ja parAkramI (A vAkaya marahuma paMDita jAya 207 sudhI TAMkyA che. temAMthI svAlanuM che. temaNe saMzodhita karIne lakhela che. jyAre ekadama chevaTe bAra mudAono sAra kADhIne batAvyo upara kausamAM A pramANe ja bIDela vAkya saMzAyAtmaka che ke rAjA vikramAditya zAlivAhananuM ja bIjuM lakhyuM hatuM. have samajAze ke te paNa barAbara ja che) nAma kuMtala hatuM. eTale ke purANa graMtha pramANe (pAMcamuM avataraNa)-kavie pitAnA sUra rAjAne; zAlivAhana rAjAnuM nAma kuMtala hatuM ema siddha thAya A sarva vAkAne arasaparasa goThavavAthI tAtparya che jyAre jaina sAhitya graMthonA varNana uparathI nIkaLe che ke, rAjA mahendra ane saubhadrAne putra kuMtala e dhvani nIkaLe che ke kuMtala rAjA zAlivAhana jevA zAtakarIzuM ane samakAlIna kavi guNADhaya; kutala parAkramI kharo paraMtu tene samaya zAlivAhana pachI parAkramI hato tene traNa rANIo hatI I. I; A che. turataja pAchaLa che ke AMtaro mUkIne che te spaSTa avataraNanAM bIjA kathanamAM kadAca atizayokti thatuM nathI. paraMtu zAlivAhana ane tala bane bhinna mAnI laIe paraMtu ATaluM to satya ja che ke kavi bhinna vyakti che ema spaSTa jaNAya che; A bane guNADhaya rAjA kuMtalanA samakAlIna hato ke jeNe vicAronuM samAdhAna nIce pramANe karAya che. kathAsaritsAgara nAmano graMtha lakhyo hato. eTale jenA purANika utArAmAM paNa kayAMya (eka apavAda samakAlina tarIke kavi guNADhaya pUravAra thAya te ja che. paNa te sabaLa nathI tethI gaNatrImAM lIdhA nathI) rAjA katala ane temanA ja prazaMsaka kavi guNADhaya thayo. cekhuM to lakhela ja nathI ke katalanuM bIjuM nAma ema nirvivAda paNe kahI zakAya. jainasAhitya saMzodhaka 5. zAlivAhana hatuM. paraMtu vAkAne arasaparasa goThavavAthI 3 aM. 2, pR. 171mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke "rAjAnI vidvata By rule of Axiom=siddhAMtanA niyamothI te tathya sabhAmAM pAdaliptasUri (taraMgavatI kathAnA kartA) eka kADhI zakAya che; te vAkayo ja ame vAcakavRMda pAse pratiSThita kavi hatA. vaLI bahatakathAnA kartA guNADhaya tenI svayaMvicAraNuM mATe raju karIe chIe. paNa A hAla rAjAnA upAsIta kavi hatA. Ama (paheluM avataraNa)-vikramAdityanA pitAnuM nAma paricaya kuvalayamALA kathAnI prazastimAM Ave che, mahendra hatuM- somadevane vikramAditya te katala zAtakaraNi A rAjA zAtavAhana vaMzI kavi hatA emaNe prAkRtaane purANamAM mahendra banne eka ja lAge che- gAthA keza athavA gAthAsati nAmanI kRti racI A vAkyane apavAda ane saMzayAtmaka rUpe gaNI ApaNe che " A avataraNamAMthI te ApaNe joIe che baha AdhAra lIdho nathI paraMtu najaramAM to rAkhyuM che). te karatAM aneka jAtanA khulAsA maLI Ave che ane katalanI paTarANI malayadezanI rAjakanyA malayavatI sarva hakIkata taddana spaSTapaNe ja karI batAvI che eTale hatI. (bIjuM avataraNa) rAjA kuMtalanA samaye kavi kaI vAkyane dviartha ubho paNa thato nathI ja. vaLI guNADhaye bahatkathAmAM jaNAvyuM che-mahendra ane saubhadrAne jena sAhitya graMthanI hakIkatamAMthI nIkaLatA sUra tyAM vizalazala vikramazakti) nAmanA putrane janma pramANe je kuMtala nAme vyakti judI ja hoya toye thaye-(trIjuM avataraNa) vikramazaktine traNa mukhya te rAjA hAlanI pAchaLa thayelI gaNAya, nahIM ke tenI rANuo-dakSiNApathanI, siMhalamalaya ane kaliMgadezanI pUrve. athavA upara Takela purANunA zaMsayadarzaka pahelA emAM malayavatI paTarANI hatI-pitAnA rAjAnI avataraNa pramANe kuMtalane kadAca vikramAdityanA putra prabhutA ane cakravartI padanI kIrtine javalaMta karavA tarIke lekhAvIe te te vikramAditya rAjA hAlanI

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= = 238 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa tarata ja pAchaLa nAmAvalImAM daSTigocara thavo joIe. tenA pitAnA nAme karAyo hoya. game tyAM galatI thaI paraMtu purANika nAmAvalImAM te ( juo pR. 26 ) hoya paraMtu rAjA hAla-kuMtalanuM rAjya kamamAM kAma rAjA hAlana naMbara 17 ane kuMtalano naM. 13 me 15 thI (be pAMcaDAthI lekhI) mAMDIne, 68 sudhI (eka mi. pAITare ne vyo che. eTale ke hAla rAjA karatAM AThane AMka ne bIje no meLavIne) vadhAremAM vadhAre kayAMya puragAmI jaNAvyo che. tema koI anya kuMtalane huM joIe. (A samayanA nirNaya mATe, vaMzAvalInI rAjA hAlanI pAchaLa thayela no ja nathI. bhale zuddhinI vigate juo pR. 35 tathA pR. 36 mAM TI. purANika nAmAvaLImAMne anukrama satya na hoya, paraMtu naM. 48) A pramANe rAjA kuMtala athavA kuMtala eka ja thayo che ane te paNa rAjA hAlana zAlivAhana ane tenA rAjakALanI dIrghatA vizenI purogAmI che-pazcAta thayela nathI eTaluM te kharuMjane. carcA jANI levI. A sarva hakIkatathI sAbita thAya che ke rAjA kuMtala vidvAnI mAnyatA ema baMdhAI gaI che ke, te ja hAla zAlivAhana samajo. katalane, zAlivAhana zilAlekha kotaravAmAM nimittabhUta rAjakIya dRSTi ja pote ja karAvavAne badale purANIka nAmAvalI pramANe ' hovI joIe ane tethI sudarzana puragAmI TharAvavAmAM mAtra eka ja vAMdho Ave che, rAjA hAlanI dhArmika taLAva baMdhAvavAmAM tenI praza tyAM kuMtalane ATha varSa ane rAjA hAlane pAMca varSa ja pravRtti ane dharmanI sti upara madAra bAMdhI caMdragupta noMdhyA che jyAre ApaNe zAlivAhanane 8 ne badale samajIti maryanA samaye vasulAti paddhati 65 nAMdhI jaIe chIe. kuMtala jevA parAkramI kevI hatI te nakkI karI vALyuM rAjavIne kevaLa ATha varSa ja rAjyasana bhogavavAnuM che. temaja nahapANa ane rUSabhadatta nAzika jIllAmAM subhAgya prApta thAya te barAbara lAgatuM nathI. chatAM je aneka zilAlekha katarAvela che te prAdezikachatane azakayato nathI ja kemake keIne paNa pitAnI zura- rAjakIya svarUpa ApI, zAtavahanavaMzIne gAdI sthAna vIratA batAvavAne kAMI lAMboja kALa vyatIta kare pheravavA paDayAnuM tathA tene anurUpa saMyoga ubhA karavA paDe evuM nirmANa nathI. ema to lAMbA kALavALA mATe. navanarasvAmI zabdane navanagara ke tene ja maLatA uttarahiMdanA inDopArthiane zahenazAha ajhIjha jevA zabda mAnI laI, mULanA rAjanagaranI marAmata karIne pharI niSkrIya jIvana gujAranArA paNa mAluma paDayA che. temaja teja nagare rAjagAdI lAvavAnuM TharAvavuM paDayuM che. A sarva parAkramI ane zuravIra hovA chatAM akasmAtane bhegA thaI hakIkata, AgaLa pAchaLanA ItihAsanI ajJAnatAne zizunAgavaMzI anurUddha jevA mAtra be traNa varSanI lIdhe banavA pAmI che. ApaNe kabUla karIe chIe jIMdagI mANIne adRSya thaI jatA paNa ItihAsamAM te mATe ApaNe keAIne deSa kADhatA paNa nathI. noMdhAyA che. eTale varSanI dIrdhatA sAthe zUravIratAne paraMtu eTaluM te jarUra jaNAvavAnuM ke saMzodhanane saMbaMdha kahI na zakAya. chatAM purANamAM jema rAjakALanI viSaya ja e che ke prathamamAM aneka anumAna karAya gaNanAmAM aneka ThekANe-lAMbe dUra na jatAM A ane pachIthI vizeSa sAmagrI upalabdha thatAM, te zAtavAhana vaMzanI vaMzAvalI ja juone ! temAM paNa anumAne majabUta paNa bane athavA te khoTAM mAluma Akho dazakane AMkaDo uDADI nAMkhI 22 ne badale paDI uDI paNa jAya. AvI sthitimAM, prayatna karanAra 2 ane 56 ne badale 6 naMdhI aneka ThekANe-bhUla saMzodhakasAme jevI tevI bhASA vAparyA karavI temAM karI che tema kAM rAjA kuMtalanA kissAmAM paNa 8 ne badale te, ulaTuM evA zabda vAparanAra poteja ughADe paDI pa8 ke 68 na hoya ane kaMtalanA pitA svAtikarNanA jAya che. zilAlekhanI vigata kadApI TI na ja TharAvAya kALAnA 8 ja kharI rIte hoya; pachI khalanA tarIke mAtra tenA lipi ukelamAM athavA vigatanI samajAtimAM 58mAne 8 kuMtalane nAme caDAvI, bAkIne pAMcaDo pheraphAra thaIne, artha anartha nIpajI jAya che eTale ja

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ekAdazama pariccheda ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti ( 239 upara jaNAvyA pramANe, tema ja prasaMgopAtta cAre pusta- kalaMka dhoI nAMkhyuM hatuM. A hakIkata pR. 217 mAM kamAM sAbita karI gayA pramANe, zilAlekhane rAjakIya samajAvAI gaI che. lekha naM. 7, 8 ane 36thI daSTie kotarAvela na gaNatAM, temAM dhArmika tatva jaNAya che ke, pUrva samaye raSabhadatta Apela dAna na. raheluM che te buddhi prahaNa karIne, teno ukela zodha 17vALA gautamIputre pitAnA nAme pheravAvI nAMkhyuM che. rahe che. zAtavAhana vaMzanA ItihAsa vRttAte A sthiti Ano artha ema thAya ke te baMne purUSo eka ja dharmanA kharI rIte samajAya mATe, tene lagatA sarve zilAlekhone paNa hoya athavA pratipakSI paNa hoya. paraMtu pratipakSI saMgrahita karI, khAsa be (A pustake paMcama ane havA saMbhava nathI, kemake dAna ApavAnI vigatamAM SaSTama) paricachede varNavavAmAM AvyA che. banne jaNAe rUSi-munI ane tapasvIonA hitanI ja - te uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke, jema yAtrAe vAte karyA karI che; pachI keIe zarIra rakSaNa mATe jatAM AvatAM ke putrajanmanA prasaMge ke anya prasaMge kapaDAM ApavAnI to koIe zarIra poSaNa mATe ke anya sAmAjIka kArya nimitte dAna devAnI rUDhI hAla khorAka pUro pADavAnI, ema koIne koI prakAranI dekhAya che tathA koI rAjadvArIjIta maLatAM tenI khuzAlI tapazcaryA tathA saMyama karanAranI suzraSA saMbaMdhI ja darzAvavA ke laDAImAM nIpajAvela hiMsaka kAryo aMge lAgela vigato pragaTa karI che. koIe paNa, eka jaNe karelA pApanA nivAraNa athe paNa dAna devAtAM dekhAya che, tema dAnanI viruddhamAM janArI ke uthalAvI nAkhI, bIjA ja jIvananAM aMta samaye dAna devAnI prathA paNa, atyAranI raste vAparavAnI salAha ApI nathI. vaLI lekhane piThe te samaye paNa pracalita hatI, evuM rAjA maitamI- samaya ketaravAnI-varSa, Rtu, mAsa darzAvatI-paddhati putranA lekha naM. 8 uparathI samajAya che. A pramANe paNa batAve che ke, teo vidhamAM nahIM paNa eka ja aneka kAraNe dAna devAtAM najare paDe che ane te dharma haze. eTale siddha thayuM ke nahapANu kSaharATa, darzAvanArI hakIkata zilAlekhomAM kotarAvAya che. tene jamAI rUSabhadatta tathA zAtakaraNio ekaja dharmo zilAlekha ubhA karavAmAM pUrva samaye kevaLa hatA. bIjI bAju sAMcIbhisAstUpamAM (juo lekha dhArmika dRSTie ja kAma levAtuM hatuM ema pharI na. 4) zAtakaraNanuM nAma saMyukta thayeluM che vaLI te ja ekavAra ulekha karIne, have AgaLa vadhIe; ke A stUpamAM caMdragupta mairyasamrATanuM nAma paNa Ave che. zAtavahanavaMzI rAjAono dharma kayo hato. bane kAryomAM dhamAthe dAna dIdhAnI vigata che. eTale nAzika chalAmAM AvelA zilAlekhonI vigatothI sAbita thAya che ke, caMdragupta mairya ane zAtakaraNi vidita thAya che ke, prathama te jIllA tathA tenAM sthAne svadhamAM hatA. tyAre trIjI bAju pAchI ema zAtakaraNinA tAbAmAM hatAM ane nahapANunA jamAI vigata jAhera thAya che ke, naM. 18mAM pulumAvI rAjA rUSabhadana ane pradhAna ame te jItI laI potAnA zAtakaraNie (juo lekha naM. 10) kaligapati kabajAmAM ApyA hatAM. A pheraphArIne zAtavahanavaMzI- khAravele baMdhAvela mahAtya-mahAvijayane aMge dAna e kalaMkarU5 gayuM hatuM. eTale dAva AvatAM, dIdhuM che. eTale khAravela ane pulumAvI paNa zAtakaraNie te pradeza pAcho meLavI laI lAgela eka ja dhamAM hovAnI khAtrI maLe che. A traNe (7) dhyAna rAkhavAnuM ke sAcI stupa (Tope)nI vAta vastuo judI che. stUpa te dhArmika svarUpa che, staMbha te rAjathAya che. sAMcI staMbha (Pillar)nI nahIM. sAMcI khaMbha kIya svarUpa che. avaMtipati zuMgavaMzI bhAmarAjAnA samaye pelA takSilAnA (8) Ane lagatI vigata A pArigrAphe AgaLa juo. sUbA enTIziyAladAse ubhe karAvI tene arpaNa karyo (9) pu. 1mAM 5, 196 tathA pu. 2mAM jue. pR. 191. hatuM. temAM rAjakIya hetu samAyelo hato (juo (10) juo tRtiya paricacheda TI. 12, 13 tathA tenuM 5. 3, 5. 111). A uparathI samajAze ke stupa ane staMbha asala lakhANa.

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ra40 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa hakIkatanuM ekIkaraNa karatAM sAra e thAya che ke, lekhakanuM kahevuM eTale darajaje sAcuM che ke, prabhAvakanahapANu kSaharATa, rUSabhadatta zaka, caMdragupta maurya, rAja caritra sivAya A hakIkata temane anya ThekANethI hAla-sAtakaraNi pulumAvI ane rAjA khAravela A maLata nahIM; kemake kathAgraMthanA kartAne samaya vikramanI pAMce eka ja dharmAvalaMbI hovA joIe. jema A bAramI sadIno che. eTale sUtragraMthomAM te te heja anumAna ke nirNaya zilAlekhI hakIkatathI tAravI nahIM ane sarva prakAranI hakIkata kAMI eka ja zakAya che tema uparamAMnA rAjAonA je sikkAo graMthakartAo lakhavI joIe evo te niyama heI (pu. 2nA sikkAcitro tathA varNana) prApta thAya che temAM zake ja nahIM. jethI hemacaMdrAcArya jevAnA granthomAM te ketarAvela cihno uparathI paNa e ja vigata puravAra na paNa lakhAyelI saMbhave. ema to hAthIguphAne lekha thaI jAya che. A pramANe zilAlekha ane sikkA ane khAravelavALI hakIkata keAI sUtra kathAsRthAmAM paNa uparathI-ema baMne rIte-je hakIkata arasaparasa nathI, chatAM tene kharA prasaMga tarIke varNavate zilAlekha samarthana karatI mAlama paDe te nizcayarUpe ja ApaNe maLI Avela hovAthI, have satya tarIke svIkAravI paDe mAnavI rahe che. eTalA mATe A pAMca rAjAo, jenuM cheja. matalaba ke game tyAMthI maLI AvatI heya-paNuM varNana atyAre cAlI rahyuM che, te rAjA hAla sivAyanA maLe te che ja ne. kAlpanIka te nathI ja ne; ane te cArenAM vRttAMtamAM jema ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe paNa AThaso varSa upara lakhAyelI che; jyAre te ja tema teo badhA jainamatAnuyAyI hatA. chatAM kiMcideze graMthamAM lakhAyelI anya kathAone svIkArI levAya, paNa zaMkA rahI gaI hoya te tenuM nivAraNa karavA have tyAre temAM lakhAyelI rAjA hAlanI ja kathA na mAnI bAkI rahelA rAjA hAlane lagatAM je bIjA keTalAka levAnuM kAMI kAraNa che? sivAya ke tenI virUddha janArI vizeSa pUrAvA maLI AvyA che te ApaNe ApIzuM. hakIkata raju karI zaktA hoIe te. matalaba ke - A rAjA hAla viSe lakhatAM ja. beM. baM. ro. A jaina graMthamAM varNavelI hakIkatane jyAM sudhI virUddha e. sa. pu. 9 pR. 143mAM jaNAvAyuM che ke "That purAvA nathI maLatA tyAM sudhI te satya tarIke ja lakhavI Shriman Satavahan repaired the Tirtha rahe che. eTale ja vAraMvAra kahevuM paDe che ke, bhArataor sacred place (which cannot be varSanI prAcInatA vize jyAre jyAre kaI paNa made out without having the Prabhavak 343120 429191 9 191 szi 211 2114412 charita) and the Padaliptasuri establis. tyAre, je te samayanA kevaLa vaidika ane brAddha ema bed the standard=zrImAna zatavane te tIrtha e ja dharmanAM pustako jevAze ane trIjA jana pustaathavA pavitra dhAmane jIrNoddhAra karAvyo hato prabhAvaka ke anAdara karAze te keTalIka hakIkatane ekataraphathI ! carita sivAya bIjethI A hakIkata maLI zakata nahIM) ja khyAla Avaze. athavA jema A kissAmAM ane pAdaliptasUrie vaja caDAvyo hato." eTale ke rAjA hAla vize banavA pAmyuM hatuM, tema aneka zAlivAhana hAla rAjAe jyAre tIrtha (zatru jya tIrtha bAbate taddana aMdhakAramAM ja rahI javA pAmaze; ane saMbaMdhI varNana karatAM lakhela che tethI te zatruMjaya A pramANe eka taraphI vastu raju thatAM, meLavAtI samajavAno che) no jIrNoddhAra karyo hato tyAre zrI hakIkata apUrNa paNa rahI jAya ke vikRta svarUpe paNa ubhI pAdaliptasUrie tyAM AgaLa kaIka athavA teNe ja thaI jAya; je sthiti ame AlekhAyelA A 3 samarAvela maMdira upara, dhvajadaMDanuM AropaNa karAvyuM hatuM. bhAratavarSanA cAra-pAMca vibhAganA prakAzanathI khulle matalaba ke rAjA hAla ane pAdaliptasUri baMne sahasa- khullI sAbita thaI jAya che. tethI ja amArA A mayI hatA eTaluM ja nahi, paNa baMne jaNAe eka ja pustaka prakAzane vidvAnone Azcaryamugdha banAvI dIdhA vakhate amuka dharmakriyA karAvavAmAM bhAga lIdho che. che. rAjA hAlanI dhArmikavRttinuM A eka udAharaNa

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- - - - - - - dvAdazama pariccheda] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ra41 prakAzamAM AvyuM. tevA prakAranI eka bIjI vastu gRhasthAvAsI hovA chatAM, gurU pAse vidyAbhyAsa karavA paNa jaina sAhitya graMthamAMthI ja prApta thAya che. majakura nimitte temanI sAthe dezATana ane paribhramaNa karatA lekhanA lekhaka DI. bhAudAjI AgaLa jatAM pR.144mAM hatA. tema karatAM karatAM ekadA, te (gurUziSya) lakhe che ke "In the Prabandha Chinta- saurASTramAM Avela zatruMjaye padhAryA hatA ane upamani of Merutungacharya and Chatur- ramAM varNavela zatruMjayadvAranA ane dhvajadaMDa Arovinshati Prabandh of Rajshekhar, haNanA prasaMge upasthita thayA hatA. jema nAgAjIne another celebrity better known as pAdaliptasUri pAse vidyAbhyAsa karyo hato. tema A Nagarjuna in the Buddhist works, is pAdalipate AyaMkhapuTa(sUri) pAse abhyAsa karyAnuM stated to have been a contemporary kahevAya che. te AyaMkhapusUri 5Na A avasare vihAra of a Satavahan and Padaliptacharya.= karatAM karatAM, tyAM zatruMjaye AvI caDayA hatA. eTale merUtuMgAcAryanA prabaMdha ciMtAmaNI (prathamAM) ane ke khapusUri (Arya khapUTAcArya), pAdalipta ane rAjazekharanA caturaviMzatI prabaMdhamAM eka bIjI mahAna nAgArjuna, ema traNe jaNA ekI vakhate zatruMjaya pAse vyakita ke je bauddha pustakamAM nAgArjuna tarIke ekaThA thaI gayA hatA ane te prasaMge rAjA hAle vadhAre prasiddha pAmela che te (nAgArjuna) koI eka upara nirdaSTa karela dharmakArya karyuM hatuM. A uparathI sAtavAhana rAjA ane pAdalitAcAryanA samakAlInapaNe eTaluM phalitArtha thAya che ke, A cAre vyaktio thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che." eTale temanA kathanano sAra e eka bIjAnI samakAlIna che. bhale samavayaska nathI, che ke je mahApurUSa nAgArjunanuM varNana bauddha graMthomAM kemake Arya khapUTAcArya sauthI vRddha hatA. temanAthI vAraMvAra Ave che te nAgArjuna, prabaMdhaciMtAmaNI nAnA pAdalipta che ane saithI nAnA nAgArjuna che. ane caturvizati prabaMdhamAM jaNAvyA pramANe koIeka saMbhavita che ke kadAca pAdaliptasUrie bahu nAnI vayamAM tavAhana rAjA ane pAdaliptAcAryanA samakAlIna ja-ATha varSanI umare dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane temanI hatA. matalaba ke nAgAna, pAdaliptasUri ane A tIvra buddhi tathA vidyAzakitathI raMjIta thaI gurUmahArAja sAtavAhana rAjA, ema traNe jaNa samasamayI hatA. zrI AyaMkhapuTe, temanI daza varSanI umare ja AcArya A zAtavAhana rAjA ane pAdaliptanI vizeSa padavI ApI dIdhI hatI. AcArya thayA eTale sari oLakha uparanA pArigrAphe apAI gaI che. eTale padAdhikArI banyA gaNAya. ane te avasthAmAM keTalA sAtavAhana rAjA te rAjA hAla zAlivAhana pote ja varSe te jaNAyuM nathI-A nAgArjunane temane bheTe jANuM, jethI nAgArjuna, pAdalipta ane ane thayo hato. eTale sAmAnya rIte kalpI zakAya che tema rAjA hAla, te traNe samakAlIna thayA gaNAya. A gurUnI umara ziSya karatAM moTI haze. paraMtu upara pAdaliptasUri eka rIte nAgAjInanA vidyAgurU kahevAya varNavyA pramANe gurU, evA pAdaliptasUrie jyAre che. sa3 pote jena hovAthI eka sthAne sthira vAso ati nAnI umaramAMja jainadIkSA grahaNa karI che karI zakatA nahotA. eTale A nAgArjana pate tyAre banavAyogya che ke kadAca guru ane ziSya (11) AyaMkhapusUrinuM svargagamana ma. sa. 484=I. thayA bAda cAra varSe thayuM che. A samaye hAlanI umara 5. 43mAM thayuM che. temanI pAse pAdaliptasUrae abhyAsa lagabhaga 20 varSanI che. jyAre ArthakhapuTanuM AyuSya karyo hate. (nAgarI pracAriNI sabhAnI patrikA pu. 10 70 varSanuM gaNAya che. eTale kamaramAM AryakhapuTa ghaNA mAM. 4, pR. 723)=ApaNe rAjA hAlanA samaya I. sa. vRddha hatA. te saheje samajAya che. 5. 47 thI i. sa. 17 navyA che. eTale samajAya che ke (12) u5ranI TIkA juo. vaLI AgaLa pAnAnI AryapuTanuM svargagamana, rAjA hAlane rAjyAbhiSeka hakIkata sAthe sarakhAvo.

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ra4ra ] rAjAhalanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa (nAgArjuna) bane samavayaska paNa hoya; are ethI be banAvo banyAnuM neMdhAyuM che. vAda karavAmAM niSNAta kadAca AgaLa vadhIne kahevAya, te e paNa asaMbhavita evA prakhyAta jaina sAdhu AyakhapuTa, je bhacamAM nathI ke guru karatAM ziSya umaramAM moTo paNa hoya. rahetA hatA temaNe vAdamAM bauddhone jItI lIdhA hatA kemake jANavAmAM AvyuM che te pramANe nAgAjIne ane pAlItANuM rAjyamAM Avela zatruMjayanI nAnapaNamAM ghaNI ghaNI vidyA prApta karI lIdhI hatI sthApanA, (jenonA kahevA pramANe zatruMjaya eka ane AkAzagAminI vidyA mATe te, chevaTe moTI sAdhunI kRti che) karI hatI, jemaNe AkAzamAM umare ja prayAsa karyo hate. matalaba ke pAdalipta uyana karavAnI zakti prApta karI hatI tathA temane ane nAgArjuna vacce gurU ziSyano saMbaMdha hovA eka ziSya jemane suvarNa siddhi maLI hatI. buddhi chatAM, umaranA bheda vize kaI jAtanI rajuAta prabhAvanA A subhAgya vege, vizvanuM sauthI suMdarathaI nathI ke purAvo maLato nathI. vizeSa karIne manohara evuM maMdiranagaramAMnuM eka nIpajAvyuM che" eTalA mATe te banyuM hovAnuM kahI zakAya che ke jayAre matalaba ke I. sa. pU. 56 nI AsapAsa be banAve pAdaliptasUri pate dIkSA avasthAmAM hatA tyAre nAgA- banyA hatA. eka jainAcArya AyakhapuTe bauddhone juna gRhasthAvasthAmAM hatA. kevaLa vidyAbhyAsa arthe ja vAdamAM harAvyA hatA ane bIjo, pAlItANA rAjyanI te gurUnI sAthe bhramaNamAM joDAyA hatA. A kathAnaka hadamAM zatruMjayatIrthanI sthApanA thaI hatI. A zatruMjaya uparathI have spaSTa samajAze ke nAgArjuna paMDitanI tIrthanI sthApanA janakathA pramANe, AkAzagAminI sAMsArika sthiti tathA darajajo kevo hato. bauddhagamAM vidyAmAM niSNAta evA gurU, ane suvarNa siddhimAM nAgArjana paMDitane lagatI je AkhyAyikAone darzana hoziyAra evA ziSya; ema bannenA suyoga thavAthI, karAvAya che tenI khAtrI paNa A uparathI karI zakAze. A thavA pAmI hatI ane je maMdiranagaranI racanA vizvanA yaMkhapaTa AryapAlasa ane nAgArjana) mahApuruSa sauthI manoharamAM manohara evA nagara tarIke thaI che vize lakhatAM, hArTa eka jenIjhamanA kartA je. sTIvansane te A pramANe bane vidyAnA suyoganA prabhAvathI ja pR. 77-78 mAM nIcenA udagAra kADhI batAvyA che. thavA pAmI che ema samajAya che. A kathana tadana Two other events are supposed to spaSTa che eTale vizeSa khulAsAnI AvazyakatA nathI; have happened about this time B. C. paraMtu vAcakavargamAMnA je kAI jaina saMpradAyanI keTalIka 56; the defeat of the Buddhists in a AmanyAthI paricita na hoya tene mATe jaNAvavAnuM great argument by famous Jaina con- ke zatruMjaya tIrthanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI ema je trovertialist, an ascetic called Arya Kha lakhAyuM che te "hArTa oNpha jainIjhama'nA lekhaka pote put, who lived in Broach and the vastusthitinA barAbara jANakAra na hovAthI, bhASAMtarafounding of Shatrunjaya, in the state kAra tarIke A zabda lakhI kADhayA che, bAkI te kharIof Palitana, (Shatrunjaya the Jains sthiti e che ke, zatruMjaya pavata ane tIrtha te kayArasay was built by a monk), who had the nAM astitvamAM hatAM ja paraMtu ekAda be maMdirone power of rising through the air, and jIrNoddhAra karAyAne ja prasaMga te vakhate banyo hato. by a disciple of his, who had the pachI jIrNoddhArane A lekhakanA kathana pramANe sthApanA power of creating gold. This fortunate kaho ke, ja. be. . ra. e. se.nA uparamAM TAMkela junction of talents has resulted in one vAkayanA lekhaka che. bhAudAjInA kathana pramANe of the loveliest temple cities in the repaired=samarAvyAnuM kahe te judI vastu che chato world--A samaye I. sa. pU. lagabhaga 56mAM anya eka sthiti je banI che te raju karI daIe. A

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dvAdazama pariccheda ) jAhalanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ra43 vakhata sudhI pAlItANuM rAjya ke gAmanuM astitva pramANe, buddha bhagavAnanA je paTTadharo gAdIpati banyA nahotuM ja; te vakhate te pradezane saurASTra nAmathI ja che temAMnA eka che. temaja temane samaya paNuM, upara oLakhAtA hatA ane zrInAgAjune pitAnA gurU jaNAvela pAdaliptaziSya nAgArjunanA samayane lagate ja pAdaliptasUrinA mAnArthe A nagara zatruMjaya parvatanI lagabhaga gaNAya che. eTale A bane nAgArjuna (jaina taLeTImAM te vakhate vasAvyuM hovAthI tenuM nAma pAdalipa- ane bauddha sAhityanA) eka ja che ke bhinna, ane sthAna ApyuM hatuM. pAdaliptasthAna zabdamAMthI dhIme eka ja hoya te jainInA gaNAya ke bauddhanA, te mudo dhIme pAlisthAna thaI gayuM ane temAMthI apabhraMza thatAM nakkI karavAnuM kaThinakArya anya vidvAne ukelavA prayatna pAlistAna, pAlitAne ane chevaTe hAlanuM pAlitANA karaze evI prArthanA che. thavA pAmyuM che. matalaba ke zatruMjyanI taLeTImAM A paMca vyaktionAM (pR. 240 juo; kSaharATa, pAlitANuM gAma I. sa. pU. pa6nI AsapAsamAM nahapANa, rUSabhadatta zaka, caMdragupta maurya, rAjA hAla zrInAgArjune potAnA gurU pAdaliptasUrinA bahumAna zAlivAhana ane kaligapati khAravela)nAM dharmatIrthomAMthI tarIke vasAvyuM hatuM. vaLI eka manohara maMdiranagara tarIke je ekamAM zAlivAhananuM nAma joDAyeluM hatuM tenuM tene je ullekha karAyo che te vAkya paNa thoDoka vRttAMta saMkSiptamAM ApyuM che. tene aMge haju sudhI khulAso mAMgI le che. vidvAna lekhake jema mAnI lIdhuM pAzcAtya keLavaNIkAre zrama sevI je maMtavyo bahAra che tema A be gurU-ziSya potAnI vidyA-zaktithI pADyAM che tenAM temaja jaina sAhityagraMthonAM kevaLa * te maMdiranagara banAvI nathI dIdhuM. kharI rIte jaina sAdhuthI avataraNo ja ApaNe tapAsI joyAM che. sAthe sAthe jaina te nagara vasAvavA ke maMdira baMdhAvavA jevI sAvadha graMthonA mULa zo utAravAnuM paNa atra Avazyaka pravRttimAM bhAga ja laI zakAto nathI. paraMtu paMDita dhAruM chuM. mAtra be ja nimnalikhita bleka TAMkIza - nAgAjune gRhasthAvAsamAM hovAthI te pote sarva kAMI zrI sAtavAhanAkhyo bhUpa idaM tIrthamuddaghAra punaH / karI zake che. eTale ja gRharathane zobhe tevuM atra je. zrI pAda liptasari dhvajapratiSThA vyadhAt tatra // kAMI pAdaliptasUrie karAvyuM gaNavAmAM Ave che te (zrI prabhAvaka caratra pR. 74, zloka 84) gurUbhaktine aMge zrInAgArjune karyuM hatuM ema samajI bhAvArtha-zrI sAtavAhana nAme rAjAe A tIrthano levuM. bIjI vAta e che ke, te samayathI ja zatrujyatIrtha (bharUca) punarUddhAra karyo ane temAM zrI pAdaliptasUrie manahara maMdiranagara banI gayuM hatuM ema paNa, mAnI dhajapratiSThA karI. A kalekamAM bharUca zaherane Azrayane levAnuM nathI. te samaye te kevaLa gaNyAgAMThayA ja maMdiro lakhANa che, jyAre ApaNe lekhakenA zabdAdhAre hatAM; paraMtu temanuM anukaraNa karatAM karatAM kALa gaye, zatrajyane aMge teno ullekha karyo che. teTalA pheraphAra eTalAM badhAM maMdiro baMdhAI gayAM ke, vartamAnakALe tene sAthe ApaNe lakhela kathana vAMcavuM. bAkI pAdalipta maMdiranagara tarIke oLakhI zakAya tevuM banI gayuM che ane ane zAlivAhananA samayane aMge ke zAlivAhananI vizvamAM sarvazreSTha manohara maMdira tarIke tenI khyAti dhArmika manovRtti paratve ApaNe je jAhera karela che temAM jAmI paDI che. zatruMjaya pratyenA lekhake vAparela zabdane kAMI pheraphAra thato nathI temaja anya virUddha anumAna A pramANe khulAse jANa. zrInAgArjuna saMbaMdhI baMdhAI jAya tevuM paNa koI prApta thatuM nathI. jaNAvavAnuM ke, temanI vidvattAnI ane maMtravidyAnI saMpar-vikrama-vArakA -jAta-dararAyA 13 aneka rasamayI vArtAo tathA kathAnake kahevAmAM Ave naM 3DhiihUti tartha siriNatuMgamAtirtha || che. temanAja nAmerI eka vyakti, kahevAmAM Ave te (dharmadhalasarinuM zatruMjayaka95) (13) A vAhaDa, siddharAja solaMkI ane kumArapALanA samaye thayela udayanane trIjo putra che tathA dattarAja have pachI

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244 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samati bhAvAcaH-saMprati, vikrama, vAhuDa, DhAla, pAdalipta sUra ane dattarAjA jene uddhAra karanAra che te zrI zatruMjaya mahAtIrtha; AmAM pAdaliptasUri ane rAjA hAlanAM nAma spaSTa rIte zatruMjaye dvAranI sAthe joDAyalAM che eTale ApaNe karela carcAne sarva rIte saMmata che. A zlokamAM rAjA hAlane spamAM uparAMta baM cha paNa keTalIka hakIkata jANavA jevI nIkaLI Ave che; kemake vikrama eTale zakAra vikramAdityane tathA rAjA saMprati (jene ApaNe mAryavaMzI samrATa priyadarzina TharAvyA che) nA paNa jenatIthI-zatrujya sa the saMbaMdha rahevAnuM jaNAvela che. ApaNe svataMtra rIte, te banne rAjavInAM vRttAMte jaNAvI gayA chIe ke tee jainamatAnuyAyI hatA te kacanane have A zlAkathI TakA maLe che. zatruMjya ane sAMcInI hakIkata kahI dIdhI che. tema amarAvatI-mahAcaityanI ghaTanAnuM paNa ADakatarI rIte ceDuMka varNana karI dIdhuM che, have nAsika chalAvALA pradezanI samajUti ApIzuM. te pradeza nAnA nAnA zilAlekhAthI bharacaka paDayA che ema kahevAya / khaTuM nathI, temAM sauthI vizeSa saMkhyAmAM te nAsika zaheranI lagAlaga haiAvAthI tene vidvAneAe nAsika zilAlekhanuM ja nAma ApyuM che. nA.saka sivAya kanherI, nAnAdhATa, jInnera, kArlo AdinA paNu che. eTale A badhA zilAlekhane, sthAnAne, tema ja temAM nirdeSTa karela gAmaDAMne vicAra karIzuM te sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke, lagabhaga 30thI 50 mAilanA gherAvAvALA mulaka te gaNI zakAya; ane tevA pradezamAM AvelA parvatamAMthI keTalAMkanA nAmA RkSa, kRgiri, Adi (jIe pR. 102-103) jaNAyAM che, tema krAinAM nAma aANumAM paNa rahI jatAM haze. athavA te sarva eka sAmAnya meTA parvatanAM zikhara rUpe AvI rahyAM hAya ema paNa bane; ane prAcIna saurASTramAM jema siddhAcaLa urphe vimaLA giri prathama te 108 zikharavALA eka ja girirAja thanAra che. A banne vyaktine atra saMbaMdha nahAvAthI temane lagatuM vivecana karela nathI. | ekAdazama khaDa hatA. paraMtu pachIthI pRthvI upara thatA pheraphArAne lIdhe te sarva zikhare judAM paDI jaI have svataMtra giri tarIke oLakhAvA lAgyA che, tema pUrvasamaye A nAsika jallAnA girirAja paNa prathama eka meTA parvatarUpe ja astitva dharAvatA hoya ane tenAM ghaNAM zikharo hoya; para`tu je samaye nahapANa, rUSabhadeva ane zatavAhanavaMzI rANI khaLazrInA putra-pAtra evA gautamIputra tathA vasiSThaputra thayA te kALe tenuM svarUpa karI gayuM hoya, ane temAMthI kevaLa traNa zikharane eka pata, bIjA sarvathI chUTA paDI gayA hoya te banavA ye gya che. traNa zikharavALA te parvata hovAthI tenuM nAma trima kahevAtuM hatuM; ke jenA uparathI traikUTakarvaranI sthApanA thai che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, sArASTradezane vimaLAcala tathA tenA pRthaka zikharA jema tIrthasthAna tarIke pavitra gaNAya che tema A nAsika jIllAne parvata tathA tenA zikhare vALA AkhA pradezageAvaradhana samaya (jIeA lekha naM. 7, 13 i.) paNa tIrthadhAma tarIke pavitra gaNAtA hatA. eTale ke rUkSa ane kRSNagiri A moTA parvatanAM aneka zikharAmAMnAM menAM nAmeA ja samajavA rahe che. uparAMta naM. 13 lekhamAM je keTalAMka aprasiddha nAma che temAMnA paNa kAika A meATA girirAjanAM aMga-mUMgA saMbhavI zake che. A rUkSanuM pUrUM nAma rathAvarta che. A racAvartane jainasUtra (AcArAMga, niryukti vi.)mAM "rathAvatanagaM" kahyo che. vajrasUrinAmanA jainAcAryanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM te zabda vize 'prabhAvaka caritra,' vi. saM. 1987 mudrita pR. 17 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke, A eka jainanuM prasiddha tIrthaM hatuM. te parvata upara vajrara anazana karI svarge gayA che. kalpasUtranI sukhakheAdhikAmAM (juo pR. 130) te vasUrinA jIvanacaritramAM nirdiSTa thayela che ke, jyAre sApArakanagaramAM te hatA tyAre potAnuM AyuSya kSINa thayela jANI rathAvarta parvata upara jaI anazana karyuM hatuM.14 A kathane sUcave che ke, (14) pu'cama paricchede, lekha na, 13 TI. na', 37 jue.

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------------ --- -- ------- ---------- --------------- - ---- - -------------- dvAdazama pariccheda rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ 245 thAvarta parvata sopArakanagaranI najIkamAM hovo joIe, ApaNe lIdhe che. temaja A kSaharATa tathA zAhItema ja te parvata jainonuM eka pavitratA tuM ja, prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhanAra, ane " Restored the naM. 13 vALA lekhanI hakIkata sAthe upara Takela jainasUtra glory of the Satavahans=zAtavAhananI ane sAhityagraMthenA kathananuM ekIkaraNa karIzuM to kIti punaH ujajavaLa banAvI" evA zabdo A rathAvartaparvata te ja rUkSa parvata che tathA teja lakhAvanAra rANu baLazrInA putra gautamIputra zAtatrirazmi parvatanA eka zaMga tarIke oLakhave rahe che. karoi samaya I. sa. pU. 7ra thI 47 lekha vaLI te parvata janadharmanuM eka pavitra tIrtha paNa hatuM. 15 che eTale te paNa baMdhabesato thaI jAya che. uparAMta upara jaNAvelA pAMca rAjA tathA temanA nAme nahapANa-rUSabhadattanI pachI ja gautamIputrane samaya sAthe saMyukta thayela sthAnamAM Apela varNane ane kare che; jethI nahapANanA maherA upara gautamIputra hakIkata uparathI siddha thaI gayuM che ke, te sarve rAjAe potAnuM mAruM chApI zake che, temaja rUSabhadatte ApeluM janadhamAM hatA temaja te sarva sthAna sAthe jainadharmanI kSetradAna pheravIne gautamIputra pitAnA nAme paNa karI pavitratA ja saMkaLAyelI che. matalaba ke te sthAna zake che. matalaba ke A hakIkatanI satyatA paNa dareka pavitra jainatIrtho hatAM. ATalI vicAraNuM vastu rIte siddha thaI gaI. sthitine aMge thaI. have te sarvano samaya ekabIjAne have sAcInI vicAraNuM karavI rahI. sAMcInA baMdhabesato Ave che ke nahIM te paNa joI laIe. sthAna upara eka staMbha (Pillar) ane eka stUpa prathama zatruMjaya parvatane lagatI hakIkato vicArIe. (Tope) maLIne be vastu che. benI vacce zuM bheda AkhapuTanuM svargagamana ma. sa. 484=I. sa. pU. 43mAM che te ApaNe AgaLa upara samajAvavAnuM che. atra manAyuM che. je temanI pAse pAdalipta abhyAsa karyo tUpane AzrayIne rakhApaNuM kathana che. stUpanAM Ama ane temanI pAse nAgArjune abhyAsa karyo. eTale e to aneka aMge che paraMtu mukhyapaNe be kahI zakAya. badhAne samaya I. sa. pU. 43 thI mAMDIne te bAda 50 eka teno mukhya bhAga je moTA goLAkArarUpe. caNataravarSanA gALAne thayo gaNAya. ApaNe rAjA hAla zAla- kAmanA eka DhagalA-puMja-TekarArUpe hoya che te, ane vAhanane samaya I. sa. pU. 47 thI I. sa. 17nAM bIja, tenA prAMgaNa tarIke cAre tarapha dIvAlarUpe banAvyo che. eTale ke AryakhapuTanuM svargagamana thayA pUrve cAra heya che te, ke jemAM pravezadvArano paNa samAveza thaI varSe rAjA hAlano rAjyAbhiSeka thaI gayo hato. te jAya che. prathama mukhyabhAga sAmAnya rIte eka ja bAda 50 varSanA gALAmAM pAdaliptasUri ane nAgArjuna samaye banAvela hoya che, jayAre dIvAlane pharatA ane tathA rAjA hAla ema traNenAM jIvanakALano moTo bhAga tenA daravAjAo-sihadhArovALo bhAga. kadAca mukhya vyatIta thayo kahevAya-A pramANe sarva ghaTanAno samaya bhAga banAvavAnA samaye paNa ubhA karAyA hoya athavA maLI rahyo. eTale temanAM vRttAMtane satya tarIke svIkArI anya samaye paNa banAvAyA che. eTaluM ja nahIM levuM rahyuM. paraMtu ema paNa bane che ke cAre taraphanA kampAunDanA rathAvarta parvata saMbaMdhI hakIkatamAM nahapANu ane A badhAM bhinna bhinna avayavo heI, bhinna ti bhadatane samaya I. sa. pU. 114 thI 5ra sudhI samaye pRthaka pRthaka vyaktionI kRtirUpe paNa banAvelI (15) A hakIkta pu. 3mAM rUSabhadattanA jIvanavRttAMte caritre paNa A vastune khyAla apAyo che. tema ja Azira IzvaradattanI utpatti tathA vRttAMte samajAvI (16) jue nA. pra. 5. pu. 10, aMka 4, pR. che te tyAM juo. 723; munizrI kalyANavijayajIne "jainakALa gaNanA A pustake rAma parike naM. 12 vALA zAtakaraNinA lekha,

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246 ] rAjA hAlanI dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajuti [ ekAdazama khaMDa hoya che. eTale mukhya ImAratanA ane pharatI dIvAla pachI jaNAve che ke) Mr. Chanda (Memoirs banAvAyAnA samayamAM, ekatA paNa hoya ke bhinnatA paNa of the Arch. Surv. India No. 1, p. 175) hoya; jyAre kaMpAunDanA badhAM aMgo te sAmAnya rIte and Sir John Marshall assign the pRthaka pRthaka samaye ja banAvAyelAM najare paDe che. reliefs on the four gateways of SanparaMtu eTaluM lagabhaga ce sa dekhAI Avela che ke chi to the latter half of the first cenmukhya caNatarakAma ubhuM karavAno samaya sarvathA dIvAla tury=mi. caMdA (memeirsa opha dhI Arki. sarve karavAnA samayanI pUrvene ja hoya che; kemake A stUpo iDiyA. pu. 1, pR. 175) ane sara jona mArazala kAMI ApaNuM grahasthagRhonI peThe. rahevAnAM makAnarUpe sAMcI (skU5)nA cAre pravezadvAra uparanAM zilpane nathI ke, prathama dIvAla ubhI karI cAre taraphanuM rakSaNa I. sa.nI pahelI sadInA madhya samayanA lekhe che." meLavI levuM paDe; jethI mukhya ImAratane aMge upayogamAM dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke, pahelI sadInI madhyakAlIna tI mUkAtI ane ANavAmAM AvatI aneka i. sa. pa7nA samayanI vastu tarIke je nirdiSTa karI che vastuonI nirbhayatA rahe. tema ja kArIgarone kAma te te pravezadvAra ja che; nahIM ke stUpane lagato mukhya karavAne mokaLAza maLe tathA anya prakAranI DakhalagIrIthI puja; eTale stUpa ane tene pharatI dIvAlanA mukti rahe. A stUpe te pu. 2mAM jaNAvavAmAM sarjana nirmANa mATe je siddhAMta ApaNe uparamAM AvyuM che, tema hamezAM maraNanI samAdhirUpe ubhA karAya che. samajAvI gayA chIe te pramANe, mukhya stUpanI tene zAstramAM niSadyA kahevAya che ane vartamAnakALa ImAratanA nirmANa kALa te IsavInI prathama sadInA chatarI' kahevAya che. jyAre cAre bAjunI pharatI dIvAlo karatAM paNa pUrvano ja hoI zake; jema uparanA vidvAmukhya ImAratanA mAtra saMrakSaNarUpe che. eTale svAbhAvika nA pitAne abhiprAya jaNAvyo che. tema tene ja ja che ke, mukhya caNatararUpa pUMja te prathama caNAyela lagabhaga maLate vicAra janarala kanigahAme pitAnA hoya che. kemake, je vyaktinA smAraka mATe te ubhe bhilasATopsa nAme graMthamAM pR. 269mAM vyakta karyo karAya che tenA maraNa pAmyA bAdanI sarva aMtima jaNAya che. temanA zabdo A pramANe che, That kriyAo tyAM ja karAyelI hoya che. eTale te sthAnane the gateways were added in the reign nirmANa prathama bane che ane te bAda ja tenA rakSaNa of Siri Satkarni between the years of mATenI kriyAonuM sarjana vicArAya che. A pramANe 19 & 37 A. D.=zrI zAtakaraNi rAjye I. sa. A stUpa ane tene pharatA prAMgaNanA baMdhAraNa 19 ane 37nI vacce A sihadAronI vRddhi karavAmAM mATenI praNAlikA banI gaI che. tene anusarIne AvI che. A pramANe samayanirNaya TharAvavAmAM temane ApaNe tenA samaya nirNayane vicAra kare rahe che. kAraNe maLyAM che te spaSTapaNe kahevAmAM AvyAM nathI, sAMcI stupamAM je vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNinuM nAma nahi te ApaNe carcA karI zakata. paraMtu eTaluM te vAMcavAmAM Ave che tenA samayane lagatuM vivecana spaSTa thaI zake ja che ke temanA mata pramANe siMhadvArane karatAM, ja. be. . ro. e. se. (navI AvRtti) samaya I. sa. 1thI 37 ne che. amAruM ema mAnavuM pu. 3, pR. 56mAM tenA vidvAna lekhaka jaNAve che ke - che ke rAjA hAlanA samayanI te kRti hoIne tene samaya That this king Vashisthaputri Siri I. sa. 1 ane 17nI vacceno hoI zake. lipinA Satakarni is to be identified with one vaLAMka uparathI nirNaya bAMdhavAmAM jyAre doDha doDha ne of the later Satakarnis=" rAjA vasiSThaputra be be sadInI bhUle thaI jAya che tyAre atre mAtra vIsa zAtakaraNi pAchalA bhAgamAM thayela zAtakaraNimAMnA varSanI gaNatrIne taphAvata e kAMI moTI vastu nathI. ekAda tarIke oLakhI zakAya che, (ATaluM lakhIne matalaba ke, ApaNe je samaya rAjA hAlane harAvyuM.

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dvAdazama paricacheda ] eka be navI vAte [ 247 che te sthApatya, kaLAjJAna ane zilAlekhanA AdhAre karajaka I. nAM nAma vize vinA saMkece tarata kahI satya ja kare che. A pramANe sAMcIne lagatI vicAraNA zakAze ke, te sthaLonAM prAcIna nAmo uccAramAM koI ahIM pUrI thAya che. paNa pheraphAra vinA ke jarAka sthAnika pheraphAra sAthe have rahI ekalI amarAvatI stUpanI vicAraNA. tene te ja atyAre paNa sacavAI rahyAM che. eTale jema temAM to mAtra khAravelanA mahAtyane A vAziSTI- kRSNagiri-kaherI, kArlanI guphAo, sahyAdrInA zikharo putre dAna dIdhuM hatuM eTaluM ja jaNAvAyeluM hovAthI I. I. jaina dharmanAM tIrthadhAma gaNAyAM che tema vartamAnane je sAra kADhI zakAya te e ke, khAravela 5chI zAta- manamADa jIle tathA tenI hadamAM AvelAM lerA karaNi vAsiSThaputra thayo hato paraMtu samayanI cokasAI ane karajata I. gAme jene ulekha zAtakaraNinA ghaDI zakAtI nathI. bahumAM bahu khAravelane samaya zilAlekhamAM dAna ApyA nimite, ke tenuM utpanna I. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadI ke te pUrve hatA eTaluMja meLavavA rUpe thayo che, te sarve gAme namatAvalaMbI kahI zakAyuM. hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe che. are kaho ke A govardhanarAmaya ja A pramANe zilAlekhamAM Avela nAmavALo rAjA (godAvarI nadInA mULa pAseno pradeza) tene laga hAla, I. sa. pU.nI pahelI sadInA prAraMbhamAM thayo hato hato. temaja te dharmanAM sthAnothI jyAre te bharacaka hato tathA te zilAlekhavALA zatru ya ane trirazmi parvatanAM tyAre IlerA ane ajaMTAnI guphAomAM je dAne zRMga-rakSAvarta ane kRSNagiri sahita-sAMcI stUpa vidvAna bauddhadharmanAM kahI rahyAM che te maMtavyonI oLakha tathA amarAvatI stUpanAM sthaLA; te sarva jainadharmanAM ghodhaka karAvavAmAM paNa have pheraphAra thaze ema svIkAravuM rahe. sthAno hatAM; eTalI hakIkata siddha thaI lekhAze. te che. vadhAre nahIM te I. sa.nI trIjI-cothI sadI uparathI ema paNa phalitArtha thAya che ke rAjA hAla pUrvanAM (kAraNa ke te samaye jainetara evA guptavaMzI zAlivAhanane keTalAka vaidika matAnuyAyI hovAnuM je mAne samrATanI sattAmAM A pradeza javA pAmyo hato) che te zilAlekhI pUrAvAthI asatya kahevAze. A mArake te bauddhane badale jainenAM ja kahevAM paDaze. saMbaMdhI vizeSa vivecana AgaLanA paricchede zaka bIjI hakIkata je rajuAta mAMgI rahI che te, zAlivAhanavALA pArigrAphe ApavAmAM Avaze. atra purANanAM kathanane aMge che. pariccheda 10mAM, pR. 202thI ATale IsAro ja basa thaze. 207 sudhI zAtakaraNi hAla rAjAnA mAtapitAnI tathA have jyAre rAjA zAlivAhananA dharma vizenA prAmA- pUrvajanI oLakhano patto lagADavA, purANanAM ava Nika pUrAvA ane hakIkata maLI taraNo ApavAM paDayAM che. temAM eka e prakAre che eka be navI vAto gayAM che tyAre vartamAnakALe cAlI ke, tene janma daivAdhIna saMvegamAM thayuM che. paraMtu te rahelAM eka be anya maMtavyo saMga upasthita thavAnA kAraNarUpa, yajJa karavAmAM vizva upara paNa kAMIka amArA vicAra vyakta karavAnuM karanArA oNcho taraphathI asthi Adi phekAtAM hovAnuM sasthAne gaNAze. ema dhArI te atra raju karIzuM. prathama temaja te vidyAnA nivAraNa arthe zIvajI pAse hakIktanI rajuAta A gautamIputra ane vAsiSThI- yAcanA-prArthanA karavA gayAnuM jaNAvAyuM che. A kathana putranA aneka lekhomAM nirdeza karAyelAM gAmaDAnAM uparathI e khyAla utpanna thAya che ke, Akhoye sthAna para che. je gAmaDAnAM sthAna vize pUrI khAtrI prasaMga vaidikadharmanAM anuSThAnane lagate che, temaja te nathI thaI te vaI daie. te paNa, iluraka, manamADa, sAthe rAjA hAlanA janmane saMkalita karAya che. paraMtu (17) Ane samaya I. sa. pU.nI pAMcamI sadIne che te mATe para tRtIya parike TI. naM. 12, 13 tathA tenuM asala lakhANuM juo,

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248 ] eka be navI vAto [ ekAdazama khaMDa jyAre rAjA hAla to jainadharmI hovAne karI cUkyuM che ke je pheraphAra A pramANe thaI javA pAmyA che tyAre zaMkA ubhI thAya che ke A be vastu zI rIte tenI noMdha uparamAM ApaNe lIdhI kahevAze. sAthe sAthe banavA pAmI haze? saMbhava che ke jemAM aneka vastu- je pheraphAra-gerasamajUti-thavA zakaya che tene atra onI sthiti-sarjana, rakSaNa ke nAza-te te sthAnanA sphaTa karI laIe. pR. 245-6 mAM sAMcI stUpanuM varNana rAjakartAnA dharma upara avalaMbe che, tema atra paNa banavA karatAM jaNAvyuM che ke, te sthaLe stUpa ane staMbha pAmyuM che. kayAre thayuM haze te karavAnuM kArya ApaNe anya ema be vastuo che. A benI samajAti vacce zuM saMzodhake upara choDI daIzuM paraMtu eTaluM cokkasa bheda che te AgaLa upara kahIzuM. te atra samajAdekhAya che ke AvA pheraphAro pAchaLathI thavA pAmyA che. vavA prayatna karIzuM. sUpa staMbha (1) sAmAnya rIte maraNa-samAdhi (jene jaina (1) sAmAnya rIte vijayanA cihnarUpe ubhe saMpradAyamAM niSadyA zabdathI oLakhavAmAM Ave che. karAya che; chatAM kaI vakhate dhAmika svarUpa tenuM hoya juo hAthIguphA lekha)nA smAraka tarIke raca- che kharuM; paraMtu samAdhirUpe to nahIM ja-( priyadarzinanA vAmAM Ave che. staMbho samajavA). (2) jenuM maraNa thayuM hoya tenuM nAma hoya ke (2) mukhyataH vijaya meLavanAranuM nAma hoya ja na paNa heya, kemake tene kIrtinI kAMI paDI nathI hotI. kemake ubhuM karavAmAM pradhAna hetu pitAnI kIrti gAvA mATe ja hoya che. (3) paraMtu dAna denAra, bhakti nimitte kArya (3) vijaya meLavanAra eka ja hoya jethI nAma karato hovAthI, temAM dAna denAra tarIke anekanAM nAma phakta ekanuM ja hoya ane sattAsUcaka AjJAdarzaka hoya. lakhela hoya che.. (4) dAnane hetu darzAvavAmAM dhArmika prasaMga ke (4) vijaya meLavavAmAM pradezanI chata, kaI hetu jaNAvela hoya che. sAthenI laDAI ke koIne koI sAMsArika lAla sAnI yukti hAya. (5) sAla ke samayadarzaka hakIkata bhinna bhinna (5) eka ja sAla ke samaya heya. samayanI (naM. 3 nA kAraNane lIdhe) heya che. benI vacce je mukhya kakSAra amArI najare upara kaIka zAtakaraNie pitAnA samayanA avaMtipati dekhAya che tenuM upara pramANe vargIkaraNa karI batAvyuM upara meLavela jItanAM ane stupa upara paNa zAtakaraNinA che. tene anulakSIne jo sAMcIno stUpa ane staMbhanA nAma hovA chatAM turata tAravI zakAya che ke, staMbha che te kartA tarIke zodha karIzuM te, prathamamAM caMdragupta, naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNinA smArakarUpa tathA i. sa. pU. vAsiSThIputra Adi anekanAM nAme maLI Avaze jyAre 232 no che, jyAre stUpa che te, judA judA samaye staMbhamAM ekalA zAtakaraNinuM ja nAma maLI Avaze. thayelA evA mauryasamrATa caMdragupta I. sa. pU. nI sUpamAM dAnanuM kAraNa darzAvatAM bhinna bhinna muddAo 4thI sadImAM, ane naM 18 vALA zAtakaraNie temaja vastuonuM pradarzana dekhAI Avaze, jyAre I. sa. pU pahelI sadInA pAchalA bhAgamAM tathA khaMbhamAM azvamedha karyAnuM ke prajA upara kara vasUla anya bhaktajanee svadharmapravartaka evA zrI mahAvIranI karyAnuM ItyAdi AjJArUpa ane sattAdarzaka hakIkata maLI maraNa-samAdhi-niSadyA-pratye darzAvelI bhakti nimittanA Avaze. A prakAranI anekavidha cALavaNIthI taMbha dAnanI hakIkatathI bharacaka banela che.

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dvAdazama pariccheda ] sakasthApanA jevA uddabhavaprasaMge - pu. 1. mAM pR. 6 ane pu. 2 mAM pR. 3 upara, putra zAtakaraNie ja pAchAM meLavIne (Restored A saMsAramAM mahApurUSonA uddabhava kayAre thavA pAme the glory of the Satvahanas) zAtavAha che tenuM varNana saMbhavAmi yuge yuge nonI kIrtine ujajavaLatA arpaNa karI hatI jethI te zakasthApanA jevA vAkayanI samajuti ApatAM A prasaMgane teo paNa eka rIte, dhArmika opa ApIne uddabhavaprasaMge patAM kiMcideza karavAmAM AvyuM RNapheDananA nimittarUpa gaNI zake tema hatuM. ane tenA che. vaLI pu. 4 mAM samayanI nAmane saMvatsara cAlu karI deta. paraMtu samajAya kALa gaNanA mATe svataMtra aSTama khaMDa roko che. che ke, uttarahiMda ane dakSiNahiMdanI prajAne-annane . tenA aMte, kaye zaka athavA saMvata uttama kahevAya tenuM te prasaMge lagabhaga eka samaye ja banyA hovAthI, patraka pR. 106 mAM joDayuM che, je uparathI spaSTa thAya keNe zA mATe ane kevI rIte ujavyo-tene bheda paDI che ke dharmapravartakanA smaraNamAM je saMvata cAlu thAya che zake nahIM; ane uttarahiMdanI prajAe saMvatane AraMbha te uttama gaNAya che. temaja bhale rAjAnA nimitte karI dIdhela hevAthI dakSiNanI prajAe te vicAra saMvatano prAraMbha karAya paraMtu rAjAnA karatAM prajA paDatuM mUkI dIdho hoya. athavA te goradhanasamaya pite ja svayaM kuraNAthI potAnA upara te rAjAe karela vALAM tIrtho pAchAM maLI gayAM te eka rIte khuzAlIne mahAna upakAranI jALavaNI mATe jo te AraMbhe, te prasaMga te dakSiNanI prajAne hato ja, temAM ya pUvanA mAlika tenI uttamatA paNa kamI nathI. tenAM dRSTAMta tarIke taraphathI temane kAMI trAsa nahato eTale paNa temane naM. 6 vALo IsavI. naM. 7 no vikrama ane naM 9 traNamukti ujavavAne AnaMda thAya. vaLI rAjyane punaHna zaka-ema traNa saMvata prajA taraphathI sthApIta prApti thaI teTale darajaje tene khuzAlInA prasaMga para ja thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A traNene aMge thoDuM thoDuM paNa tethI prajAne zuM ? rAjya pitAnI khuzAlI vivecana karavAne prasaMga atre upasthita thayo che. zilAlekha katarAvIne pradarzita karI dIdhI, pachI rahyo naM. 7 vALe vikrama saMvata, jyArathI zakAri vikramA- prazna te prajAne ja; temane mana to nahapANuM ane ditye arvatinI prajAne, temanA zaka rAjAnA trAsamAMthI rUSabhadattanuM Adhipatya paNa sarakhuM ja hatuM, tema AMdhramukta karI tyArathI prajAe te RNamuktinI yAdagirimAM, patinuM paNa sarakhuM ja hatuM, kemake te banne svadhAma ja te rAjAnA rAjyArohaNanA dinathI tenA nAmanA saMvatane hatA; ane tethI ja prajAne dhArmika anuSThAne karaprAraMbha karyo. uttarahidane lagatI A bAbata hoIne vAmAM koI jAtano avarodha, pratibaMdha ke muzkelI A saMvata mukhyAMze uttara hiMdamAM ja vizeSa pragati- naDatAM nahotAM. A prakAranI anekavidha muMjhavatI mAna che. have itihAsanA abhyAsathI ApaNe jANI vicAraNAnA aMte dakSiNanI prajAe te prasaMgane yAdagAra cUkyA chIe ke zaka prajAne harAvavAmAM dakSiNapati banAvavAnuM mana upara levAnuM mAMDI vALI emane ema te naM. 17 mA AMdhrapatino paNa hAtha te hate ja eTale prasaMga pasAra thavA dIdhe dekhAya che. paraMtu jyAre ne. te upakAradarzana kevI rIte vaLAya? vaLI bIjI bAju 17nA vArasadAra naM. 18nA rAjA zAlivAhana rAjAe, ema sthiti che ke, zakaprajAno trAsa te uttara- dakSiNa pradezanI prajAne svadharmanI kriyAo karatAM hiMdane hato. nahIM ke dakSiNahiMdane; ane uttarahiMdanI siMhaladvIpa taraphanA oNcho taraphathI naMkhAtA upadravaprajAe to te pheDane karI vALyuM hatuM te pachI mAMthI mukti apAvI tyAre te samajAya che ke dakSiNanI dakSiNanI prajAe zuM karavuM ? tema trIjI sthiti-govaradhana prajAne pitAnI RNamukti mATenI pharajanuM bhAna samayamAM patharAI rahelAM temanAM tIrthasthAne je zaka thavA pAmyuM haze. eTale temaNe pitAnA rAjA prajAe nahapANa ane rUSabhadatta jevAye) khUMcavI lIdhAM zAlivAhananI yAdagirimAM kAMIka karavuM evuM sUjhayuM hatAM te A naM. 17 vALA AMdhapati urphe gautamI - heya. jo te samayathI smArakane AraMbha kare te i. sa. 32

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250 ] zakasthApanA jevA uddabhavaprasaMgo [ ekAdazama khaMDa pU. 28 (juo pR. 244-5)thI ane rAjAnA rAjyA- paDI hatI temAM thoDAka samayathI palaTa thaI zAMtinuM bhiSekathI kare te che, sa. pU. 47thI tenI Adi sAmrAjya patharAvA mAMDayuM hatuM. tema yuropamAM paNa karAya. jyAre uttarahindamAM tevA prasaMganI yAda dharmanA nAme aneka pAkhaMDa vadhI paDyAM hatAM. tyAM paNa I. sa. pU. 57mAM thaI cUkI ja hatI. eTale dakSiNa dharmaviSayaka prakaraNamAM aneka prakAre sudhAraNuM karavAnI hindavALA te khuzAlIne vyakta karavAno amala kare te AvazyakatA tarI AvatI hatI. A viSayane joke uttarahinda ane dakSiNa hindanA saMvatsara vacce kamamAM ApaNuM hiMdI itihAsanA Alekhana sAthe koI saMbaMdha kama 10 varSa ane vadhAremAM vadhAre ra9 varSano ja phera to na ja kahI zakAya. chatAM ADakataruM sUcana karavAnI paDI zake. vastusthiti A pramANe banavA pAmI hatI pharaja paDI che te eTalA mATe ke, kudaratane kAyade ke nahIM te nizcayapUrvaka kahevAne ApaNI pAse koI (saMbhavAmi yuge yuge vALA) kevI rIte ekadhAre sarvatra sAdhana ke purAvA nathI. eTale te prasaMga paNa kaI vyApakapaNe pravarte che tenI khAtrI thaI jAya, tathA hAlanI zakanI pravRtti AdaryA vinA ja sarI javA dIdho haze pAzcAtya keLavaNI prAsAdita prajA A siddhAMta mAnavAne ema samajavuM rahe che. paraMtu eka prazna uddabhave che ke, acakAya che temane kAMIka aMze zAne thAya. tema ja je "zakazAlivAhana" jevo zabda tyAre vaparAzamAM zI prajAnuM zAsana vartamAnakALe hiMda upara cAlI rahyuM che rIte Avyo haze ? hAla to bIjuM kAraNa samajAtuM temanA jIvanane te banAva sAthe kAMIka saMbaMdha hovAthI, nathI. parantu zakAri vikramAdityamAM jema zakAri zabda temane ane ApaNane temAMthI kAMIka zIkhavAnuM maLe eka birUdarUpe vaparAya che tema, zaka zAlivAhana teTale darajaje upakAraka gaNAya; A hetuthI AvI paDela eTale zaka prajAne-mleccha prajAne-vidAravAmAM je prasaMgane vyartha javA na deve joIe ema samajI A zAlivAhane uttama bhAga bhajavyo che te, zakazAlivAhana; viSaya hAtha dharyo che. matalaba ke zaka zabda te vizeSaNarupe joDavAmAM Avyo A samaye I. sa. pU. 4 mAM 17 yuropamAM eka heya; athavA rAjA zAlivAhane karelI-meLavelI aneka mahAna vyaktine janma thayo hato, jemanuM nAma prAdezika jItamAM, A siMhaladIpavALA vijayane prathama atyAre jagamazahura banI rahyuM che te vyakti naMbare mUkAya (crowning success) tema te jarUra anya koI nahi paNa mahAtmA jIsasa krAIsTa kahI zakAze ja. eTale jema addabhunuM kArya karanAra pate. temanA jIvanakALamAM je prasaMge pAchaLathI vize uktimAM kahevAya che ke, "teno to zako vAge banavA pAmyA hatA temAM te vakhatanI rUDhIcusta che tema, A zabda zAlivAhananA nAma sAthe uparokta prajAnA hAthe. tema ja te dharmanA kahevAtA baDakhAMnA zakko-zaka-zAke" jevo bhAvArtha sUcava yukta karI hate, temanA zIre du:khanA je DuMgaro khaDakAye dIdho hoya ke kema? te sthiti eka vakhata vicAra mAMgI gayA hatA, te sarvemAMthI khAzIthI du:kha sahana le che. vizeSa vicAraNuM naM. 23nA vRttAMte ApIzuM. karatAM karatAM, kevI rIte temaNe prajAkalyANArthe zaka zAlivAhana-A be zabdanuM kema joDANa thayuM tene pitAnA jIvananuM balidAna paNa ApyuM hatuM te sarve tAga ja ke adyapi nizcitapaNe maLatuM nathI, paraMtu vRttAMta Adhunika samaye, je je mANase lakhIvAMcI vikrama saMvatanI mAphaka teno pracAra paNa prajAe ja jANe che temane te suvidita che ja. eTale vizeSa karyo che teTaluM cokkasa che ane tethI ja vikrama varNana na karatAM mAtra aMgulI nirdeza ja karIne jaNAsaMvata karatAM tenI uttamatAmAM kaI nyUnatA AvI vavAnuM ke te mahAtmAno dehotsarga thayA pachI temane je jatI nathI. prajAe pIDana karyuM hatuM te ja prajAe, pite vaherI hiMdanI bhUmi upara I. sa. pU. nA aMte 25-50 lIdhela pApane bALI pitAnI vizuddhi meLavAya tathA varSa sudhI je ajoDa ane bephAma azAMti jAmI tenA prAyazcittarUpe pitAnA hRdayamAM te prasaMga hamezAM

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dvAdazama pariccheda ] rAjA hAla ane zaka jaLavAI rahI tenuM smAraka karAya tevA bevaDA hetuthI, temanA nAmane zaka pravartAvavAnuM nirmANa karI lIdhuM. je zakane IsavIsana tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. jyAMjyAM A mahAna payagaMbaranA padakamaLamAM namana karanArI prajA vase che tyAMtyAM te pracalita ja che. A pramANe 50 thI 60 varSanA TUMkA gALAmAM, hiMdI tema ja yure|pI prajAnA jIvananA sadhaLA vyavahArika prasaMga upara asara upAvatA e prasaMge| anavA pAmyA hatA. te paNa kema jANe kudaratanA saMketanI kAMIka alihArI ja na hoya ane A banne bhUminI prajAne krAIka adazya graMthithI saMkalita karatI na hAya tekANe bhAsa karAve che. te e prasaMgaH-(1) hiMdamAM ane yurApamAM thayela viplava; (2) ane banne ThekANe pravartAyalA navIna saMvatsara. ekanuM nAma vikrama saMvatsara ane bIjAnuM nAma IstrInA saMvata. zAlivAhananA saMbaMdha [ 251 zAlivAhana'ne anukULa thAya tema che te tapAsavuM rahe che. zAlivAhana rAjA peAdhe zaka nathI eTale naM.3 bAda, tema zaka rAjAe saMvatsara lAvyeA nathI . eTale naM. 2 khAda; pote vikramAditya zakAra nathI eTale naM. 6 paNa bAda, tema naM. 5 te mAtra varSanA arthamAM ja che eTale tene paNa vavA ja rahe che. eTale have bAkI naM. 1 ane naM.4 vALI ema e sthiti ja vicAravI rahI. sabadha zaka zAlivAhana--athavA zAke zAlivAhana ke rAjA hAla zAlivAhananA zaka-evA bhAvArthamAM je zabda vartamAnakALe vaparAtA rAjA hAla ane jAya che te vAstavika che ke zaka zAlivAhanane kema ! ane hAyA te sAthe rAjA hAlane keTale darajje sabaMdha hA zake, te atra vicAravAnA muddo che. pu. 4 mAM samayanI kALagaNanAnA e pariae dAmAM khUba vistArapUrvaka lagabhaga naveka prakAranA zaka-saMvatanI carcA ApaNe karI batAvI che. temAMnA eka zaka saMvatanI paNa che. te carcAne aMte (jIe pu. 4, pR. 98) ema sAra kADhI batAvyA hatA ke tenA cha artha thaI zake che (1) jema vikrama saMvata, IsuneA saMvata, tema zaka nAmane saMvata 'Saka era" (2) zaka prajAnA (AAkhI zaka prajAneA) saMvata of Saka nation (3) zaka rAjAe sthApela saMvata=by a Saka king (4) kAI paNa saMvatane zaka tarIke sakhAdhAya eTale an era (general term) (5) saMvata varSanA arthamAM, the year in which (6) ane vikramarsavatanuM khIjuM nAma; A chamAMthI kayA artha 'zaka naM. 1mAM zaka saMvatsaranA artha ema thAya che ke, te nAmanA amuka saMvatsara gaNAya paNa tenI sthApanA karI te sAthe tene saMbaMdha nathI; jema vikrama saMvatsaranA sthApaka zakAra vikramAditya che IsvI saMvatane saMbaMdha Isu bhagavAna sAthe che; tema zakasaMvatsara kharA paNa tenI sthApanA kANe karI athavA teA tenI sAthe saMbaMdha kAne gaNI zakAya te adhyAhAra che. kadAca rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane saMbaMdha haiAya ane na paNa hAya. paraMtu eTaluM spaSTa che ke tenA pravartaka te pote nahAtA, jyAre naM. 4mAM te te zakanA pravartaka ja pAte hAya tevA artha thAya che. A khemAMthI naM. 4nI vicAraNA atra karavAnA Azaya che parantu naM. 1 vizenI carcA naM. 23 nA vRttAMta karavAmAM Avaze. naM. 4 pramANe zakanA pravartaka zAlivAhana pAte hAi zake ke nahIM ! pravartananA praznanI carcA karatAM pR. 247mAM tathA pu. 4, pR. 107 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke kAipaNa jAtane zaka pravartAvavAmAM e prakAranA Azaya hAi zake che. rAjadvArI ane dhArmika. rAjadvArInA me prasaMgeA che. ekamAM zakane harAvIne peAtAnA pUrvajanI kIrtine ujjavaLa karavAnuM (joke A prasaMga teA rAjA hAlanA kAkAnI kArakIrdimAM banavA pAmyA che, chatAM rANI khaLazrInA zilAlekhamAM ullekha thayeA haiAvAthI, tene saMbaMdha kAkAne badale bhatrijAnA rAjye banelA gaNA teye) ane khIjAmAM gAdInuM sthAna pharIne junI rAjadhAnIvALA pATanagarane marAmata karI navanagara nAmethI vasAvyAnuM (jue. pu. 4, pR. 107). tema trIjuM ardhuM rAjadvArI, te siMhaladvIpanI caDAi ane meLa

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252 ] viSe kAMika vadhAre [ ekAdazama khaMDa AvyeA hateA. caTue ane e melI jIta ane te ardhuM dhArmika kemake te caDAi hAya ane te teNe siMhaladvIpanA kahevAtA mlecchakaravAmAM dharmanuM rakSaNa karavAnuM hatuM. pu. 4 pR. 108 zaka jevI jAtinA trAsamAMthI prajAne cheDAvI hatI TI. 6ra). jyAre keraLa dhArmika AzayavALA kAmamAM tenA smarUpe-hnarUpe vaparAzamAM Avye DAya. zatruMjaye yAtrA karavA javAnuM, sAMcImAM dAna dIdhAnuM pachI ' zaka zAlivAhana' zabda lakhAtAM lakhAtAM lAMkhe ane trirazminI guphAmAM rahetA saMtenA nirvAhanuM. A kALe tenA marmanuM vismaraNa thatAM, zaka zabdane vizeSaNu pramANe noMdhavA cegya kAryonI saMkhyA thI sAtanIrUpe na lakhatAM, vizeSanAma tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM gaNAya che tema anya taiAMdhAyA sivAyanAM paNa haze. chatAM temAMnuM kAie evuM mahattrakAranuM na kahI zakAya ke jene zakapravartAvavA tarIkenI keATImAM mUkI zakAya. tAtma e ke tene peAtAne zakapravartakanA lisTamAM gaNavI zakAya tema nathI ja. kAryanI vicAraNAnAM aMge A pramANe sAra nIkaLe che. chatAM samayanI dRSTie vicArIe te paNa zakasaMvatane samaya ja I. sa. 78 gaNAya che ane te vakhate te tene maraNu pAmyAne paNa lagabhaga 60 varSa thaI cUkayAM hatAM. matalaba ke, kAryanI dRSTie jo kAI vaNunAMdhAyuM zauryavaMtu ke dhArmika mahatvanuM pagaluM rahI jatuM heAya tApaNuM, tenA samayanI dRSTie te| te tarata najare paDayA vinA raheta ja nahIM. Ama kArya ane samaya banne muddAthI tapAsI jotAM paNu, rAjA hAlane saMvata pravartaka hAvAnuM sAbita thaI zakatuM nathI. AMdhravaMzIo sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatAM aneka nAmeA, birUdo, heddA ApaNA vAMcavAmAM--zilAlekhA, sikkA ke jIvanavRttAMtAmAM cUTue ane kadaMbA AvyAM che. jevAM ke, mahArathI, viSe kAMika vadhAre mahAbhAjI, mahAkSatrapa, viSNukaDa, cU True, kadaMbe, (kAradamaka) vilivAyakurasa i. i. temAMnA keTalAkanI samajUti prasaMga AvatAM apAi gai che, ane keTalAkanI je khAkI rahI che te paNa uparanI peThe chUTaka ApI zakAta, paraMtu zAtavAhanavaMzImAM hAlanI kArakIrdi sarvethI zreSTha hAvAne lIdhe tenA jIvana sAthe khAsa eka e birUdAvALAne saMbaMdha joDAyA heAvAnuM dekhAya che, eTale kAI anyasthAne tenI vicAraNA karavA karatAM A ThekANe ja karI levAya te AnuSaMgika gaNAze ema dhArI A taka hAtha dharIe chIe. rAjA tyAre zI rIte tenA nAma sAthe zaka zabda joDAyA haze ! jema harATa, caNu ane kuzAna saMvatA te te prajAnA bhUpALeAnI amuka rAjadvArI jItane aMge te cAlu karavAmAM AvyA hatA, tema rAjAlanA kissAmAM paNa jo banavA pAmyuM aAta tA, uparAkta saMvatAnI peThe alpa samayamAM ja adazya thai gayA heAta. tenuM dIrghakAlInapaNuM ja batAve che ke (pu. 4, pR. 108) tene kAI dhArmika pravRti sAthe saMbaMdha hAvA joie (AgaLa upara naM. 23nA vRttAMte jue). badhA saMjogenA vicAra karatAM upara pR. 250mAM jaNAvyA pramANe hAla tA eka ja saMbha-AvyAnuM jaNAvAyuM che; tema A kadabaprajA dhra vita kANu dRSTisamIpa najare paDe che ke jema, zAr birUdla gadabhIlavaMzI vikramAdityanuM che tema, atra zAlivAhananI sAthe joDAyala zaka zabda paNa birUda rUpe ja khAsa karIne atre cUTu ane kAdaMba sarakAraza saMbaMdhI ja kahevA mAMgIe chIe. AmAMnA kAdaMba-- kada bane, saMjI kSatriyamAMnA je 18 vibhAgA hatA temAMnA licchavI, mallU, maurya, pallava, cAlA, pAMyA, AdinI peThe-Ane paNa eka tarIke hAvAnuM A paNe pu. 1mAM uddayana bhaTTanA vRttAMte jaNAvyuM che. vaLI A pustake tRtIya paricchede (jue TI. naM. 17) kam prajAne nAga-naMda-prajAnA eka aMza tarIke manAtuM patinI sAthe lagnagraMthIthI joDAtI hAvAnuM zilAle thI (naM. 17) ApaNune jaNAya che. AvAM badhAM pramANaeN thI siddha thAya che ke, mULe tenI utpatti magadhadezanA

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( 253 . dvAdazama paricheda 3 phUTao ane kada viSe kAMIka vadhAre sabIjI kSatriyomAMthI thayelI hovI joIe. paraMtu A rAjAonA tathA koI bedhivezanA sikkAone jyAre udayana bhaTanA putra anurUhe temanA senApati joDI batAvyA che ane evuM nivedana karyuM che ke temanA nAgadasaka sAthe TheTha dakSiNamAM silona upara caDI samayane cokkasa nirNaya karI zakAto nathI. AmAM jaine te magadha sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhuM hatuM tyAre bodhivaMza sAthe ApaNe nisabata na hovAthI tene pAchI vaLatAM, vacce AvatA sarva pradeza upara, pitAnI- choDI daIzuM. cU TuvaMzIomAM dhULA (dhuTukuLa) naMdakSatriyajJAtinA A badhA saradArane pRthaka pRthaka mULAnaMda e nAme (pu. 2, sikkA naM. 49 thI para) adhikAra ApIne sUbA peThe niyukta karI dIdhA hatA. sikkAothI tema, cUTukAnaMda A pustake (lekha naM. 25) kALakrame sthitinuM parivartana thatAM temAMnA keTalAka- ane viSNukuDacadu (lekha naM. 24-16) zilAlekhethI lagabhaga saghaLA ja, eka vakhate sarve nahIM paNa jANItA thayA che. lekhavarNanamAM SaSama paricchede bhinna bhinna vakhate, vaLI eka vakhata svataMtra banI ApaNe temane naMdavaMzIonA saMbaMdhI tarIke ane bese. tyAM bIjAno vaLI rAjaamala zaurya bharele AMdhrapatie sAthe magadhamAMthI utarI AvelA gaNAvyA Ave eTale tenI zaraNAgatimAM cAlyA jAya che. paraMtu pu. 2, pR. 103 mAM temanA sikkaviNane pramANe rAjakAraNaraMganA aneka palaTA bhegavI rahyA sadakanakaLalAya mahArathIne tathA cUM TukaDAnaMdI rAjAhatA. te ja pramANe A kadaMba prajAne paNa samajI no uddabhava eka samaye thayAne jaNAvyo che. levuM. temane je lekhe (pariccheda 6, ne. 24-26- chatAM temanuM mULa te naMdavaMzamAM samAyeluM darzAvyuM che. 27-28) ekadama prAcIna samayanA maLI Ave che game tema, paraMtu temanA sikkAnI banAvaTa, cihnonI te uparathI samajAya che ke teo prathama arabI samudranI sajAvaTa tathA AkRti ane bAhya raMgaDhaMga uparathI kinAre Avela aparAMta nAme oLakhAtA paDDI pradeza tarata kahI zakAya tema che, ke teo zatavahanavaMzI upara hakamata calAvatA hovA joIe, ane prasaMganI AdipuruSanI sAthe koIne koI prakAre joDAyelA anukULatA prApta thatAM, pAsenA pradeza upara AkramaNa karI haze ja. vaLI temanA sikkAmAM ujainInAM cihnane pitAne sattA pradeza vistAryo jatA hatA. A pramANe abhAva hovAthI temaja potAnA nAma sAthe "rA' temanI utpatti I. sa. pU. nI pAMcamI sadInI AdimAM zabda joDatA hovAthI, temanuM svataMtrapaNuM paNa siddha kahevAya. paraMtu dhIme dhIme I. sa. nI pAMcamI chaThThI thAya che; chatAM je pradezamAMthI A sikkA ane lekho bAda tenI gaNanA kAMIka vadhAre sattAzALI rAjakartA maLI Ave che teno vicAra karIe chIe tyAre tarIke thavA mAMDI hatI ane jo bhUlatA na hoIe to teo tadana nAnA vistAranA ja svAmI hoya to garjarezvara solaMkI rAjA siddharAja jayasiMhanI ema jaNAya che. A sarva sthitinuM samIkaraNa karatAM mAtA mayaNalAdevI A kadabavaMzI rAjAonI ja rAja- ema dekhAI Ave che ke, (1) teo zatavahanavaMzI kanyA hatI. te samaye kadaMbAnI rAjadhAnI gekarNapura- rAjA zrImukhanI mAtAnA piyarapakSa-kelahApura, kAravAra, govA baMdare gaNAtI hatI. paraMtu temanI sattAne aMta dhAravADa zaheravALA-kAnArA jIllAnA ja mULavatanI kayAre Avyo te nizcitapaNe kahevA jevI sthitimAM hovA joIe, ane naMda bIjo jyAre A kAravAranI ApaNe nathI. hAla te eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke kanyA sAthe lagna karI, pote teNune magadha tarapha laI ApaNe je samayanuM varNana karI rahyA chIe te kALe gayo haze tyAre teNInAM A sagAMo paNa sAthe teo rAjA hAla zAtakaraNinA zAsanataLe khaMDiyA sAthe gayAM haze; ane magadha gayA bAda tyAMnA 25tarIke gaNutA hatA. 30-varSanA vasavATa daramiyAna kSatriyo sAthe arasahave cUTu saradAre vize be zabdo kahIzuM. ke. parasa lagnagraMthIthI joDAyA haze. A mizraNathI je prajA A. re.mAM tenA kartA che. resane pitAne pustakanA aMte utpanna thaI temaNe naMdavaMzanA sabaMdha sUcaka nAme

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ra54] cuTuo ane kaMda viSe kAMIka vadhAre [ ekAdazama khaMDa dhAraNa karyo ane pitAnA mukhya purUSa evA zrImukhane pramANe teo khaDiyA paNa kahevAya tema svataMtra paNa magadhamAMthI jAkAre maLatAM, tenI sAthe ja pAchI kahevAya. rAjAzrImukhanA ja dharmAnuyAyI hovAthI tenA svavatane utarI AvyA (2, athavA magadhamAM jaIne jevAja sikkA cihno paNa karAvI zake. A pramANe pAchA utarI AvavAne badale pitAnA vatanamAM ja sthira- sthiti hovAthI temanI utpattine samaya I. sa.pUnI vAse paDI rahyA hoya paraMta, zrImukha paiThaNapati banIne pAMcamI sadInI aMtane kahI zakAya. kayAre teonI rAjapada bhogavate thayo tyAre tenI ane tenA kuTuMba svataMtratA nAza pAmI athavA jyAre temane aMta Avyo sAthe (ta pradezane bhANeja kahevAya eTale avAranavAra tene pAke pUrA nAMdhI zakAya tema nathI. paraMtu lekha tyAM to te hoya ja.) lagnagraMthIthI joDAvA mAMDayuM naM. 6thI anumAna karavAne kAraNe maLe che ke, A hoya. bemAMthI prathamanI sthiti vadhu saMbhavita dekhAya cU vaMzane kadaMba rAjAoe jItI laIne temane che. A pramANe teo zatavahanavaMzanA eka rIte bhAyAta mulaka pitAnI sAthe bheLavI daI temano aMta lAvI jevA ja kahevAya. tema te samayanI gaNataMtra paddhati mUkayo haze.

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XXXXX ....... - trAdazama pariccheda zatavahana vaza (cAlu) TUMkasAra--(19) maMtalaka (20) puriMdrasena (21) suMdara (22) ane cakA-A cAramAMthI kAInA rAjyakALe agatyanA muddA nAMdhAyala jaDayA na hAvAne kAraNe temanuM ekatrIta rIte kareluM varNana-- (23) zIvasvAtiH-tenA janma devaprasAdI tarIke lekhAya che. tene lagatI jaina ane vaidika graMthAmAMnI AkhyAyikAnA Apela TUMka paricaya-te uparathI tenA rAjyakALa ane umaranA mAMdhela khyAla-tenA samaye zakasaMvatanI manAyala sthApanA ane te aMge judAjudA muddA upADI karela carcA-jevA ke-(a) zakapravartaka pote hoi zake ke kema tenI tarapheNa ane virUddhanI dalIleA, (A) zakapravartaka keNu ane zA mATe hAi zake tenA niyame (i) zaka saMvatane pravartaka kayA dharmAvalaMbI samajAya che; tenA zilAlekha ane sikkA cihna uparathI upADela vivAda, tathA pravartI rahelI mAnyatAnI batAvela asaMgatatA (ka) zakapravartaka avaizvika hAvA vizenA rajI karela pUrAvAo (kha) zakasaMvata vAstavikapaNe vaparAzamAM AvyA hatA ke phrema (ga) tathA zakazabdanA artha kevA svarUpe levAyeA che tenI ApelI samajUti (gha) te uparathI thayela anarthInI, udAharaNa sAthe batAvela, ceAkhavaTa (ca) thayela gerasamajUtimAMthI bahAra nIkaLavAnI khatAvela cAvI (cha) aneka aitihAsika banAvAvALI ghaTanAnA ukela, satya tarIke kevI rIte thavA zakaya che tenuM dorI Apela rekhAMkana-I. I.

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256 ] zIva svAti; tene rAjyakALa tathA AyuSya [ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) ane te paNa alpa samaya mATe ja; eTale kalpI 19) maMtalaka (ra0) puriMdrasena zakAya che ke A. . 23mo (21) suMdara (22) ane cakera tene rAjyakALa rAjA bahu asAdhAraNa saMgamAM A cAra rAjAone samagra rAjyakALa ApaNe tathA AyuSya gAdI prApta karavA bhAgyazALI 17 thI 1nA varSano gaThavyo che temAMnA ekakenA thayo hovo joIe. anya hakIsamaye koi rAjadhArI agatyatA dharAvato ke eti- kata vizvAsapUrNa maLI na Ave tyAM sudhI eTaluM kahI hAsika noMdha levA gya banAva banyAnuM jaNAyuM na zakAya ke, te naM. 22 ne putra hoI, tenA maraNa bAda hovAthI AgaLa vadhavAnuM ja rahe che. mAtra eTaluM gAdInA hakkadAra vArasa hate. vaLI tenA janma sAthe sAmAnya niyamane AdhAre kahIzuM ke rAjA hAlanI je keTalIka AkhyAyikA saMkaLAyelI jaNAi che te pAchaLa tarata ja maMtalaka gAdIe beThA che. tathA naM. uparathI tene daivaprasAdI tarIke lekhavo paDaze. AvI 22vALA cakAranI pachI naM. 27vALA zIvasvAtI AkhyAyikAomAMnuM purANomAMnuM eka udAharaNa je AMdhrapati banyo che. eTale naM. 19 te, naM. 18no kyAranuMye uddhata karavAmAM AvyuM che tene tathA eka putra ane naM. 23 te naM. 22 no putra thatuM haze! bIjI AkhyAyikAno sAra A pramANe che. vaccenA naM. 20 ne 10 sAthe tathA naM. 22 ne ne. pahelAM dIpakarNi nAme vikhyAta banela eka 21 sAthe ke naM. 19 thI 22 sudhI aMdaroaMdara zuM baLavAna rAjA thaI gaye..... saMbaMdha haze te viSe kAMI jaNAyuM nathI. temaja ana- ...tene svapnamAM bhagavAna zaMkare A pramANe kahyuM: mAna karavAne kAMI vigata hAtha lAgatI nathI. paraMtu tuM jaMgalamAM siMha para beThelA eka kumArane jyAre temano rAjyakALa ati a85 semI nAMdhAyo joIza. tene laI tuM ghera pAchA pharaje ane te tAro che, tyAre eTaluM ja anumAna dorI zakAya ke, naM. putra banaze." 20-21 vALAo bhAIo thatA haze ane naM. 21 A svapnane yAda karate rAjA saharSa banyA. no adhikAra kevaLa cha mAsa paryata nabhI rahyo che kAIka vakhate zikAramAM magna banIne te dUra jaMgalamAM eTale tenuM maraNa akasmAtathI thavuM hovuM joIe. cAlyo gayo, tyAM te rAjAe . kharA bapore padha ane na. 22 vALA kAM teno putra hoya; paraMtu vizeSa sarovaranA tIre tejathI jhaLahaLatA eka siMhArUddha saMbhave to te paNa naM. 20-21nI peThe naM. 19no bALakane joyo. te vakhate svapnane yAda karI rAjAe putra hovAnuM mAnavuM paDe che. game te sagapaNa saMbaMdha jaLa pIvA jatAM siMhane eka bANuthI mArI nAkhI temanI vacce paraspara astitva dharAvatuM hoya, paraMtu bALakane te parathI utArI lIdhuM. te vakhate te siMha teo cAre kevaLa nAmadhArI nIvaDyA che, ane naM. pitAnuM siMhasvarUpa tajI manuSya rUpe pragaTa thayo. 22nA maraNa bAda ne. 23 gAdIpati banyo che. rAjAe tene ema kema banyuM te pUchatAM teNe javAba eTaluM vaMzAvaLIthI cokkasa mAnavuM rahe che. A keH (23) zIvasvAti he rAjA, huM kuberane mitra sAta nAme yajJa uparA uparI cAra rAjAonuM gAdIpati banavuM chuM. pUrve meM gaMgAmAM snAna karatI eka RSikanyAne (1) tene janma devaprasAdita gaNIe to AkhyAyikA (2) yugapurANanI eka AkhyAyikA kevI che te mATe varNita kanyA sAthenuM lagna tenA pitAe karyAnuM gaNavuM paDaze. uparamAM pR.202 thI 207 sudhInA buddhiprakAza' daimAsikaane teNe ja te kanyA sAthe lagna karyAnuM gaNAya che, tenI pAchaLa mAMthI utArelA pAMca phakarAo juo. gAdIe AvanAra naM. 24 janma devaprasAdita gaNavo paDaze. (3) jue 20 kathAsaritasAgara.

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trayodazama pariccheda ] zIvasvAti; tene rAjyakALa tathA AyuSya [ 257 nIrakhelI. te paNa mane joIne kAma viSphaLa banI. kAmathI vihvaLa banelA zeSa nAme eka kaDavAsI meM tene gAMdharva vivAhathI mArI patnI banAvI. te nAgarAje phaMDamAMthI bahAra nIkaLIne, ma prasaMge tenA bhAIone A khabara paDatAM temaNe karIne tenI sAthe baLAtkArapUrvaka ratikrIDA karI. kodhita thaIne amane zrApa Apyo ke, "tame baMne nAgarAjanuM zarIra dhAturahita chatAM bhavitavyatAnA svecchAcArIo siMharUpa banI jAo." te munioe yoge vIryasaMcArathI te vidhavAne garbha rahyo. ne pachI te zApanI avadhI, strIne mATe putrajanma paryata ne pitAnuM nAma darzAvIne "saMkaTanA samaye mAruM smaraNa mArA mATe tArA bANanA AghAta paryata kahI. te karaje' kahI te nAgarAja pAtALalokamAM cAlyo gayo." pachI ame siMhayugala rUpe rahevA lAgyA. te pachI eTale ke pairANikamate A hakIkata naM. 23nA janmane te garbhiNI banIne putrane janma ApanAM paTAI ane jainamate naM. 18nA janmane lAgu paDe che. bIjI gaI. A putra meM anya siMhaNIonA dUdhathI ucheryo vastusthiti ema kahe che ke, je saMvatsara zakasaMvatane ane atyAre tArA bANathI haNAyelo huM paNa zApa nAme pracalita che ane mukhyapaNe dakSiNahiMdamAM, temAM nitukta bane chuM." A uparathI mAnavuM thAya che ke paNa khAsa karIne mahArASTramAM vizeSa jANItuM che tenI te zaMkara bhagavAnanuM kapApAtra che ane tethI tenuM nAma utpatti brAhmaNakuLamAM janmela rAjAthI thavA pAmI che; zIvasvAti baMdhabesatuM paNa gaNAya. jyAre jena- ane brAhmaNakuLa eTale sAmAnyarIte zIvabhakta ja graMthAnA kathanamAMnu avataraNu vAcakanI vicAraNuM te gaNAya. jethI zakasaMvatanI utpatti sAthe baMdhabesatuM mATe raju karyuM che te uparathI, te rAjA hAlane anu- je kaI nAma gaNI zakAya, to te rAjA hAlanA lakSIne hoya ema dIse che. jeno artha A pramANe karatAM rAjA zIvasvAtinuM vadhAre zakya che. trIjI thAya che. sthiti ema che ke zakasaMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78thI "eka vakhate be videzI brAhmaNo tyAM (pratiSThAna thayAnuM manAyuM che, eTale zAlivAhana hAlane badale puramAM) AvIne, pitAnI vidhavA bahenanI sAthe, rAjA zIvasvAtinuM maraNa, te sAlamAM TharAvAya te eka kuMbhAranI zALAmAM rahevA lAgyA. teo bhikSA sumeLa sadhAto jaNAya che.vaLI ItihAsakAroe kIrti mAgIne ane te bhikSA pitAnI bahena pAse lAvI, ujavaLa karyAno paNa gautamIputra rANI baLazrIne tenuM bhojana banAvIne potAnA divasa nirgamana karavA nAsika lekha . 7 (juo paMcama pariccheda) A lAgyA. eka divase temanI te bahena jaLa bharavAne rAjAne AzrayI hovAnuM mAnI laI, te ja hakIkata godAvarIe gaI. tyAM tenuM apratima svarUpa joIne, dhyAnamAM rAkhIne, ema TharAvyuM che ke, te samayanA 4 zIvAsvAti sAthe medhasvAti zabda sarakhAvo. medha- hita mA maceDu sA soviMjhayo ravA karAranAtha svAti jema jainamatAnuyAyI vizeSa saMbhave che tema zIvAsvAti noTAvI jarA | tA: havAmagati nirUdhya marabhale vaidika matAnuyAyI vicArAya, chatAM zIva kalyANa, mekSa vAvazottavANI roSo nAma nAgarAnI hRAArthiva tevA arthamAM jaina dharmamAM te vaparAyaluM joyuM che jethI vidyuta manuSyaaytayA sai paDhAri namohizIvasvAti jaina saMpradAyanuM nAma hovAnuM paNa kahI zakAze. makalayat / bhavitavyatAvilaSitena tasyAH saptadhAtu rhi5. je asala kathana caturvizati prabaMdhamAM A tA itaca rivyApA gurUvAra hAra jamavAnamapramANe che - bhavat / svanAmadheyaM prakAzya vyasanasaGkaTe mAM smare. tatra caikadA dvau vaidezika dvijo samAgatya vidhavayA rityabhidhAya ca nAgarAjaH pAtAlalokagamat / svanA sAkaM kasyacit kumbhakArasya zAlAyAM tsthivaaNsau| (6) juo, ja, . . ra. e. se. (navI AvRtti Swa viSAya dAna vasunanIya tajItANAyana ramavA pu. 3, mi. babbe lekha) " |

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258 ] [ ekAdazama khaDa AMdhrapatie zakaprajAne harAvI, rAjapATa je thADA samaya mATe anyasthaLe khaseDavuM paDayuM hatuM te pAchuM asalanI jagyAe ApyuM hatuM; eka vakhate pheravavuM paDayuM, ane pAchuM te sthAne lAvyA, te khenI vacce je kALa pasAra thaI gayA te daramiyAna, tenI adhipati- zakaprajAe temAM aneka navAjunI karI nAMkhI hatI, jenI marAmata karavI jarUrI hatI. tethI je navuM svarUpa te nagare pachIthI dhAraNa karyuM hatuM tenuM nAma navanagara kahevAyuM. jo ke kharA vijaya teA zakaprajA upara keTalAya vakhata upara meLavI cUkAyA hatA. paraMtu nagaranI durastI karAvatAM cAra pAMca varSanA gALA paDayA heAvAthI, jyAre gAdInI punaHsthApanA navanagare(jete temaNe paiThaNanuM khIjuM nAma apAyAnI kalpanA ubhI karI che) karAi tyAre I. 78tA samaya hateA. te uparathI tenA smAraka tarIke te sAla pasaMda karavAmAM AvI che. A prasaMga sAthe ane A pramANe, zakasaMvatanI utpattinA saMbaMdha joDI kaDhAyA hAya ema vidvAnoe lekhyuM che. AvA bhinna bhinna prasaMgo zakasaMvatanI utkrAMtta sAthe uparanA paricchede ema sAkhita karavAmAM AvyuM che ke 'zakazAlivAhana'nA zabdaprayAgane zakasaMvatsaranI sthApanA sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. kemake bannene samaya ja judo che. tema khIjI bAju ema siddha karavAmAM AvyuM che ke, I. sa. 78 kaiM jyAre zakasaMvatsaranI Adi thayela mAnavAmAM Ave che, te samaye je rAjA AMdhasAmrA jyane vidhAtA hatA teNe, jyAM sudhI itihAsa sAkSI pUre che tyAM sudhI kAi paNa zaka-saMvatanA pravartanamAM jarUrI gaNAtAM e mukhya udbhava kAraNeA-rAjadvArI ke dhArmika dRSTirUpamAMnuM eka, prAdezika vijaya meLavyAnuM ke dhArmika kSetre mahatvanuM kArya karI khatAvyAnuM jaNAyuM nathI, jo ke sAthe sAthe ema paNa kahevAyuM che ke,7 'yudhiSTiro, vima, zAhiyAyanI taso rRpaH sthADhinacAminaMna:| tatatu nApArkuna mUtiH nau vaLI paTele rAhArajA: zvetA | kaliyugamAM, yudhiSThira, vikrama, zAlivAhana thaze; te bAda vijayA saMyukta thayela hAvAthI, mULa AkhyAyikAone ekanebhinaMdana rAjA thaze, pachI nAgArjuna ane chaThTho kahkI. khale banne rAjAe (hAla tathA zIvasvAti) sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI ame gaNI lIdhI che. saMzAdhana thatAM thatAM AkharIye je Thare te kharUM. A rIte zIvasvAtinA janmane paNa devaprasAdita gaNatAM, tenuM AyuSya nAnI umaranuM ayeAgya lekhAze. tethI purANika graMthamAM tene rAjyakALa nAnA lakhela hAvA chatAM, 43 varSa jeTalA dI samayI banAvI tene aMta I. sa. 78mAM laI jave! ane sahIsalAmata lAgyA che. A chae zaka athavA saMvatanA pravartA gaNuAze." eTale prazna upasthita thAya che ke, zuM A parApUrvathI cAlyuM AvatuM kathana barAbara nahIM hAya ! vAraMvAra ApaNe kahetA AvyA chIe ke, jyAre jyAre pUrvAMcAryanuM kathana vartamAnakALanI mAnyatA sAthe meLa khAtuM na dekhAya tyAre tyAre temane ekadama ajJAna TharAvavA karatAM, ApaNI matinI jADathatAne aMge A lekhanamAM temanuM dRSTibiMdu samajAtuM nathI, e vizeSa saMbhavita gaNavuM. A niyama AdhAre A kissAmAM paNa kAM tema banavA pAmyuM nahIM hAya ? jo zAlivAhananA saMbaMdha barAbara joDI zakAtA na hoya teA, je purUSane ApaNe zAlivAhana TharAvIe chIe tene badale anya vyakti ja te hAya, athavA je sthAne anukramamAM tene ApaNe mUkayA che tyAMthI tene khaseDIne i. sa. 78 nI sAlamAM te Ave tema geAThavavA joie. A banne zakapravartana vize tyAre zu? zakapravartana viro tyAre zuM? AkhyAyikA uparathI sAmAnya mata evA baMdhAya che, ke te bahu nAnI umare gAdIe AvyeA che. paraMtu tera caiAda varSInI je yittA te samaye rAjadhurA grahaNa karavAnI manAtI hatI. te umare tene rAjyAbhiSeka thaye: DhAvAnuM mAnI levAya tA tenuM maraNu lagabhaga 60 varSanI umare thayuM gaNavuM paDe che ane sa` saMyeAgAmAM te vAjakho paNa lekhAze. (7) pu. 4, pR. 95: tathA ja. kha, vrUM. ra. e. sA.pu. 10, pR. 127

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zakrapravartana vize tyAre zu? [ 259 upara varNavelI eka prakAranI samasyAnI vicAraNAthI, jema zAlivAhanane padacyuta karI zakAtA nathI tema anya rIte paNa te ja sthitine vaLagI rahevAnuM sAbita karI zakAya che. rANI khaLazrInA zilAlekhathI tenA putrane gaiAtamIputra ane pAtrane vAsiSThIputra tarIke oLakhAvAyA che. sAmAnya niyama evA gaNAya ke putra pachI pAtra ja gAdIe Ave che, chatAM na banavAnuM paNa khatI jAya che. (jema naM. 2 AMdhrapati pachI tene putra na besatAM tenA kAkAnA rAjya amala vacce cAlI gayA che). eTale te sthiti paNa ApaNA lakSa ahAra javI na joie. matalaba ke baLazrInA putra ane pAtra vacce kAI tRtIya vyakti rAjapati tarIke AvyeA che ke nahIM te sthiti paNa vicAravI joie. paraMtu ahIM te zilAlekhanI hakIkatathI ja spaSTa thAya che, ke tenA putra puchI tenA pAtra ja, kAMI aMtara paDayA vinA athavA saLaMga anukrame gAdIe beThA che. tethI rANI aLazrIe pAtAnA putrane zaka prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI "zAtavAhananI kIrtine ujvaLa karanAra" tarIke manAvye che. tema purANakAre paNa prajAnI sAthe yuddhamAM utarIne mArI nAMkhanAra zAta rAjAnuM mRtyu, zAri vikramAditye zakane harAvyA bAda daza varSe thayAnuM jaNAvyuM che (pu. 4, pR. 20). A sa` hakIkata uparathI rANI aLazrInA putra ke jeNe zaka prajAnuM nikaMdana kADhI nAkhyuM ne jenuM maraNu I. sa. pU. 57 (zakAranI jItanA samaya) khAda daza varSe noMdhAyuM che te zAta rAjAne ja zAtavAhananI kIrtine ujavaLa karanAra ane zakAra vikramAdityanA sahAyaka tarIke lekhavA rahe che. ane tene tema gaNI, tenI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanArane- khaLazrInA pAtrane I. sa. pU. 47 thI zarU karI 65 varSInuM rAjya bhAgavI i. sa.18mAM maraNa pAmatA lekhave rahe che. jo Ama thAya tA ja jaina sAhityagraMtheAmAM sUcavelA, AryakhapuTa, pAdaliptAhinA sarva prasaMgAnA samayAnukrama sacavAI jAya che. jema zilAlekhanA (8) vizeSa zilAlekhI purAvA mATe na, 18nA vRttAMtamAM dhArmika pravRtti ane dharmanI samajUtivALA pAyagrApha jIe, yAdazama pariccheda 1 sthitinA vikalpe ApaNe vicArI joie. purANakArAe kavizuNAyanA samakAlIna tarIke athavA tenA AzrayadAtA tarIke jene kuMtala urphe zAlivAhana gaNAvyA che. tene ja ApaNe paNa zAlivAhana gaNAvyA che. vaLI temAM Apela ane eLakhAvela tenA khIjAM sagAM saMbaMdhIte ApaNe paNa te ja nAmathI oLakhatA thayA chIe. eTale sarvenAM nAmaThAma, tathA arasaparasanAM sagapaNa saMbaMdha maLI rahetAM jaNAya che; jethI phrAI anya vyakti tarIke tene gaNI levAmAM Avye| hAya te prakAranI bhUla tA thatI nathI dekhAtI. have tene samaya I. sa. pU. 47 thI I. sa. 18 je harAvyA che tene badale tenA rAjyanA AraMbha ke aMta I.sa.78 mAM thayA saMbhave che ke kema te prazna vicArIe. sAmAnya rIte zakanI sthApanA tenA pravartakanA (jo rAjA `hAya te rAjyakALanA ane dharmopadezaka hAya teA tenA jIvananA ) aMta samaya sAthe ja saMkalita thayela hAya che. eTale te niyamane anusarIne jo rAjAzAlivAhananA rAjyanA aMta I. sa. 78 mAM AvyA hAya te tenuM rAjya 65 varSa paryaMta cAlyuM hAya tA, tenuM gAdIe esavuM I. sa. 16nI AsapAsamAM mAnavuM raheze. ane tema baMdha besatuM karavA mATe, je jainAcAryA, Akhapura, pAdaliptasUri tathA maMtrAdi siddhinA praNetA paMDita nArgAIna ane AkAri vikramAditya temanA samakAlIna tarIke sAhityagra'thAmAM anAyA che, te sarvane mRtyu khAda karIne navI jIMdagI dhAraNa dharatA banAvavA paDaze. jema anavuM azakaya che, I. sa. 78mAM rAjyanA aMtane badale tenuM rAjyArANu gaNIe teA tenuM maraNu 78+65I. sa. 143 mAM thaze. tema thatAM tA, uparamAM je banAvAnI azakayatA darzAvI che te vizeSata: azakaya banI jaze. matalaba ke samayanI gaNutrIe je sthAne ApaNe zAlivAhanane sthApyA che tyAMthI AdhApAchA karavAthI pazu tene zaka saMvatanI sthApanA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA anAvI zakAtA nathI.

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E 260 ] zapravartana vize tyAre zuM ? [ ekAdazama khaMDa purAvAothI A hakIkatanuM maLatA AvavuMpaNuM to na ja banI zakayuM hoya ke, bhaviSyamAM amuka prasaMga. puravAra thAya che, tema naM. 17 ane 10nA sikkAo banI Avaze tyAre A prakAre Ama karavuM che mATe uparathI paNa temane zakAri vikramAdityanA dharmabaMdhu- atyArathI ja rAjA nahapAnA sikkA ekaThA karIne eka ja dharmanA-sahadharmI tarIke temaja avaMtipatio saMgrahI rAkhI muke ? eTale ke sikkAnA samaya sAthe saMbaMdhamAM AvyA hovAnuM sAbita thaI zake che. paratvene vicAra karatAM paNuM ApaNe ALekhelahakIkatane A pramANe eka tarehanA nahIM paNa aneka prakAranA pheravavAnuM azakya che. prasaMgothI-je kAI itihAsamAM jaNAya che te laIne cothI rIta-jema sikkAnA samayanI gaNatrI tapAsI jIo to paNa tene te ja pariNAma AvI tapAsI joI, tema sikrAcitro tapAsatAM paNa tene rahe che. te ja pariNAma Ave che. naM. 17 vALA gautamIputra trIjI rIte tapAsIe-nahapANanA sikkA upara zItakaraNinA temaja naM. 18vALA vAsiSThIputra zAtagautamIputranuM mahoruM pADavAmAM AvyuM che. nahapANanuM karaNinA sikkAomAM je cihno ketarAyAM che te maraNa I. sa. pU. 74mAM siddha thayuM che. jyAre spaSTa rIte jainamatanAM cihno che. ane rANI baLazrInA gautamIputra zAtakaraNi rANIbaLazrInA putrane athavA A putra tathA pautranA zilAlekhemAM je dAna vagere zakane, kSaharATa prajAne (ke je prajAmAM nahapAnI gaNanA apAyAM che te paNa te ja dharmane prabhAva sUcavatI thaI che) satyAnAzavALI pitAnA sAtavAhana vaMzanI vastuo che. tema nahapANu kSaharATa ane rUSabhadatta kItine niSkalaMkI banAvanArane, samaya I. sa. pU. zake je yuddho nAsika prAMtamAM A zAtavAhana 7rathI 47ne (juo 11muM parida) TharAvyo che. vaMzIo sAthe khelyAM che, temanA dharma, ane zilAlekhAmAM eTale ke A be banAva vacce bahumAM bahu AlekhAyelI hakIkatathI spaSTa thaI jAya che, ke teo ra7 varSanuM ane ochAmAM ochuM be varSanuM aMtara paNa te ja dharmanA anuyAyIo hatA. zAtakaraNinA che. eka rAjAnA sikkA calaNamAMthI haju adamya jIvana prasaMganI vAstavikatA paNa sikakAo, zilAlekho thayA na hoya tyAM ja te sarvane ekatrita karI tathA graMthasAhityanA purAvAothI te ja dharmanA hovAnI TaMkazALamAM tenA upara bIjI chApa pADI lIdhI samajI sAbita thaI jAya che. A pramANe cAre bAjuethI. zakAya che. kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, eka prakAranA game te prakAranA purAvA laIne, kaseTIe caDAvI sikkA upara ja bIjA prakAranI chApa pADavI hoya te, juo paraMtu ekane eka ja chevaTa AvIne ubhuM rahe che. te jeTalAmAM pracalita hoya teTalAmAM ja karI levuM eTale nizcayapUrvaka-jarApaNa zaMkArahita-mAnavuM paDe che sUtara che. paraMtu je I. sa. 78mAM zakapravartaka ke je nirNayo upara ApaNe AvyA chIe te zAlivAhanane maraNa pAmelo gaNAya, to tene rAjyA. satya ja che. bhiSeka I. sa. 13mAM ane tenA purogAmIne i. sa. A pramANe samayanI gaNatrIone, anukramanI pU. 12mAM thayuM hovAnuM gaNe raheze. ane te samaye gaNatrIone,ke atihAsika prasaMgo je banyAnuM nakaLI nahapAne to marI gayA paNa lagabhaga 60 thI 65 Ave che te sarvanI gaNatrIone, jaina tathA vidika varSa thayAM kahevAya. te teTalA samayanA aMtare tenA sAhityagraMthomAM varNavAyalI hakIkata sAthe baMdha sikkAo ne vINIvINIne ekatrita karavA ne pachI besato meLa sadhAI jAya che. chatAM vAda karavAnI tenA upara chApa pADavI zakAya che kharI ? vaLI evuM khAtara eka be muddA je taddana azakaya che tenI (9) vartamAnakALe ApaNe anubhava e thAya che ke, eka aMta sudhI bahumAM bahu te cAle che. te bAda tene samayanA sikA tenI pachI gAdIe AvanAranA rAjyanA rAjahukamathI ja pAchA kheMcI levAmAM Ave che,

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tyAre zakapravartaka kANa ane zA mATe? yAdazama pariccheddha ] carcA paNa karI laie ke jethI avanavA vicAra karavAne sthAna rahe nahIM. ApaNane suvidita che ke prAcIna samayanA graMthAmAM phAvetA jaina, vaidika kaeN bauddhasaMpradAyanA lyA-je pramANe varNana karAyAM che, te jevAM che tevAM ne tevAM svIkArI levAM ceAgya tA nathI ja, te tethI ja saMzAdhananA kAryamAM muzkelIe ubhI thayA kare che. e ja pramANe jainasAhityagraMthamAM AzAlivAhana rAjA saMbaMdhI je kathAnakA lakhAyAM che teneA kevaLa vAcanArtha ja karAya. tA evA ni nIkaLe che ke, zAlivAhana rAjA ane kuMtala khanne bhinna vyakti che, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa zAlivAhananI pachI ja kuMtala thayA che tyAre purANakArAnI mAnyatA pramANe ( jue pR. 27 mAM pAchaMTara sAheba zASita vaMzAvaLI) kuMtalanuM sthAna zAlivAhananI pUrve che. ane jyAM mabhinnatA hoya tyAM emane ema te svIkAra na ja karI levAya. temaja kuMtalane zAli vAhananI pAchaLa levA jatAM tenA samakAlika tathA Azrita evA kaviguNuADhatvanuM sthAna pheravavuM paDaze. jyAM ekanuM sthAna dyUta karAya tyAM bIjI paNa aneka asaMgatatA ubhI thAya. eTale pariNAma e Ave ke dharamULathI sarve paristhitine vicAra karavA ja paDe. tene badale te azakayatAnA vicAra karavAnuM mAMDI ja vALavuM te bahetara thaI paDaze. bIjI azakayatA je vivAda khAtara vicAravI rahe che te e ke, sikkA cihno jainamatanAM hAvAnuM je lekhavyuM che ane je uparathI aneka anumAnA tAravIne paraspara maLatAM batAvAyAM che tene badale tene ja vaidika matanA gaNI levAya tA krama ? prathama tA vidvAnane khATA pADayA kahevAze; chatAM saMzeAdhananA viSaya ja eveA che ke, eka vakhata nizrita thayelI vastu, vizeSa sakhaLa AdhArapUrvaka sAmagrInA AviskAra thatAM, pheravAi jAya che tema A sikkAcihna saMbaMdhe vidvAnanuM maMtavya paNa pheravavAne vAMdhA hAi na ja zake. paraMtu te mATe AdhAra ke dalIla teA joie ja ne ? vaLI jo zAtavahana vaMzI sikkAonAM cihnone vaidika TharAvAya te te cihnAnA AdhAre nahapANune, caRNune, rAjIvulane [ 261 i. che. te paNa vaidika ja lekhavA raheze jyAre tenA ja zilAlekhamAM kAtarAyalA zabdo ane hakIkatane laine te temane avaidika kahevA paDe che. A pramANe zilAlekhanI ane sikkAi hakIkatane paraspara virUddha janArI TharAvavAthI aneka muzkelI ubhI thavA pAmaze. te| tevI akalpya muzkelIonA paripAka nipajAvavA karatAM, je azakayatA mAnI levAyA te badhuM banavA pAme che tene ja kAM, paDatI na mUkIe? eTale ke je cihnAne ApaNe jainadharmanAM hAvAnuM manAvyuM che-sAbita karyuM che-te te ja pramANe che tene temaja rahevA daIne AgaLa vadhavuM. A pramANe azakaya vastusthitinA vivAdanuM pariNAma samajI levuM. AkhIye carcAnA sAra e thayA ke zaka saMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78 mAM jema manAI che temaja gaNavAmAM Ave te te sAthe naM. 18 vALA zAli vAhana hAla rAjAne kAI rIte saMbaMdha nathI, parantu zakaya che ke, tenI pachI AvanAra kAI rAjAekadAca naM. 23 mA e-te calAvyo hAya ke tenI prajAe tenA kASTa mahAkAryanI yAdagIrI jALavavA calAvyeA hAya. uparamAM ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke, AkhyAyikAnI rUIe rAjA hAla ane rAjA zivasvAtInA janma sAthe daivI saMyegA joyAelA che. eTale te emAMthI ekane zaka saMvatanA udbhara sAthe . saMbaMdha hAi zake. paraMtu rAjA hAla vize aneka prakAre vicAra karI jotAM, krAi rIte tenA saMbaMdha saMbhavita banAvI zakAtA nathI ja. eTale have vicAra karayeA rahyokevaLa naM. 23 vALA zivasvAtInA janmane. daivI saMyeAgamAM janma thavA te bhAvI kArakIrtinuM pratika teA che ja paraMtu jyAM sudhI tevA banAva kharekhara anyAnuM noMdhAyuM na hAya, ke tema banyuM ha|vAnI zeAdha sAMpaDe nahI, tyAM sudhI kevaLa janma vizenI AkhyAyikA upara ja madAra bAMdhIne saMtASa pakaDI rakhAya nahIM. anAva e prakAranA hAI zake che. rAjadvArI ane dhArmika athavA tyAre zakapravartaka kANu ane zAmATe ?

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262 ] zakasaMvata pravartaka kayA dharmane anuyAyI? [ ekAdazama khaMDa sAmAjIka mizrita dhArmika vidvAnoe rAjadvArI najare rahetuM hoya chatAM, jyAre sarva vidvAna ane graMthakAra A prasaMgane vicArI laI, pR. 207 mAM jaNAvyA zaka saMvatanI sthApanA I. sa. 78mAM rAjA hAla pramANe paiThaNa-navanagaranI sthApanAne zaka pravartakanI zAlivAhananA haste-samayathI thayAnuM bulaMda avAje nimittabhUta mAnyo hato. paraMtu te kevaLa kalpanA ja bAkAra jAhera kare che tyAre tenI avagaNanA che te ApaNe tevA anumAnanA janmadAtA zilAlekha karavI te eka dhRSTatA ja lekhAya; vikramasaMvatsara naM. 14 mAM vaparAyelA zabdono anuvAda karavAmAM paratve jema aghapi phelAI rahelI aneka mAnyatAneje rIte bhUlo thavA pAmI che tene spaSTIkaraNa karatAM jevI ke tenA kartAnA samaya vize temaja eka vakhata samajAvyuM che. eTale zakapravartananA kAraNamAMthI rAja sthApana thayA pachI kema aTakI gayo hato ane vaLI kAraNanA prasaMgane dUra rAkhavo paDe che. pachI vicA. lAMbe kALe sajIvana thayA hatA I. I. sarva-ukela ravo rahyo dhArmika prasaMga. jayAM sudhI mAhitI maLe jaina pramANenI madadathI ANI zakAya che, tema A 1 sudhI te eka ja prasaMga noMdhAyuM che ke jene zaka saMvatasara saMbaMdhamAM paNuM tenA pramANethI thaze saMbaMdha joDI zakAya; ane te prasaMga brAhmaNothI karAtA meLavI zakAze evI umeda ame sevI rahyA hatA paraMtu yomAM siMhaladvIpanA oNcho taraphathI naMkhAtI muzke- temAM phAvyA nathI teTale darajaje dilagIrI darzAvavI lIonA nivAraNarUpe zaMkara bhagavAnanI prasAdIrUpa jeno rahe che. anya vidvAne have A bAbatamAM vizeSa janma thayo hato ane jeNe siMhaladvIpa jItI prakAza pADe eTalI abhyarthanA sAthe viramIzuM. laI tyAMnA ke vacce AvatA pradezamAMnA plene zaka saMvatsaranA pravartaka vize ke tenA samaya vize saMhAra vALI nAMkhyo hato te prasaMga che. have je te banAve ke ApaNe pAke tAga lAvI nathI zakayo paranuM A naM. 23 vALA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvate gaNIe te eTaluM cokakasa che ke, teno te bAda prajA pitAnA dharma vidhAna sukharUpa karI zakasaMvata pravartaka upayoga vartamAnakALe uttara zakatA thayA manAya. A pramANe vastusthiti hovAno kayA dharmano hiMdamAM temaja dakSiNahindamAM meLa utArAya teja naM. 23 vALAne dhArmika trAsa anuyAyI? thato najare paDe che, dakSiNahiMda nivAraNanA smaraNArthe saMvatsaranA pravartaka tarIke lekhI karatAM uttarahiMdano vistAra zakAya; jo ke A banAva te, rAjA hAlanA jIvana moTo che chatAM zakane vaparAza dakSihindamAM vadhAre sAthe saMkalita che ema ApaNe pUravAra karI batAvyuM che ema kahI zakAze. vaLI e mAnyatA evI samajaDa che kemake temAM kuMtalanuM nAma spaSTa che, vaLI kuMtalanA mULa karI besI rahI che ke, uttarahindamAM je samakAlIna tarIke guNADhayane lekhAvyo che ema aneka kuzanavaMzI ke anya paradezIoe AvIne saMvatsara AnuSaMgika purAvAthI niradhAra karI zakAya che temaja calAvyo hato tenI Adi paNa I. sa. 78 mAM ja rAjA kuMtala te hAla zAlivAhananuM bIjuM nAma che thaI hatI ane teone zaka prajAnA aMza tarIke te nakkI che. eTale sarva varNana naM. 23 karatAM naM. eALakhAvI temanAM saMvatane 5NuM zakasaMvatane nAmathI 18 vALA rAjA hAlane ja vadhAre lAgu paDe che. oLakhAvyuM hatuM. eTale phAve to uttara hindane ke eka ja prasaMga kAMI be vyaktine lAgu paDato na ja dakSiNa hindane game tyAMne uddabhavela zakasaMvata hoya, banAvI zakAya. AmAM kharuM zuM che te vizeSa maMthana te paNa-bake baMne ekaja saMvata che eTale tenI Adi ane saMzodhana mAgI le che tyAM sudhI te ApaNe I. sa. 78 mAM ja thayela che. ane A pramANe gaNI zakapUravAra karI rahela bInAne ja satya tarIke svIkArI saMvatano pracAra sArAye bhAratavarSamAM vizeSa pramANamAM levI rahe che. eka vakhate thaI rahyo hato ema jaNAvyuM rakhAyuM ApaNuM maMtavya bhale eka prakAre sAbita thaI che, paraMtu ApaNe sAbita karI karI gayA chIe ke

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vadazama pariccheda ] zakasaMvata pravartaka kayA dharmane anuyAyI? [ 263 ( juo pu. 4, kazAnavaMzanA vRttAMta ) A paradezI utpattine brAhmaNadharma sAthe joDI devAtI hoya te prajAnA saMvatanI Adi I. sa. 103 mAM eTale ke, te anyAya karanArI kahevAze. kemake prAcInakALe dakSiNahidanA saMvata karatAM 25 varSa moDI thaI che; vartamAna samayanI peThe dharmAvalaMbananA kei vADA paDI jethI te baMne saMvatane taddana niranirALA ja mAnavA gayA nahetA ke amuka dharmanuM ja zaraNu amuke svIkAravuM. rahe che ane tema chatAM prAcIna samaye ke atyAre A hakIkata dareka pustakamAM ane temAM khAsa karIne uttarahindamAM pracalita zasaMvatane mAnanArA, bhale pu. 1 ane 2 mAM anekavAra spaSTapaNe ane purAvA kSetraphaLa ane saMkhyAnI draSTie dakSiNadezamAMnA zakane sAthe puravAra thatI ApaNe nihALI che. eTale kevaLa mAnanArA karatAM vizeSa pramANamAM hovAnuM manAyA brAhmaNa kanyAnA peTe janma dhAraNa karela hovAnA kare, chatAM jene kharo zakasaMvatsara kahevAya che tenA kAraNe ja tenA sthApaka vaidika dharmAnuyAyI hatA ema anuyAyIo te dakSiNahindamAM ja vadhAre maLI Ave nizcayapUrvaka TharAvI zakAya nahIM. bIjI hakIkata e che e vAta nakakI samajavI. alabatta, prAcIna samaye nIkaLe che ke, A zakanA sthApaka rAjAe, yajJa karatA kharA zakasaMvatane mAnanArA uttarahindamAM nahIM hoya- brAhmaNone je abhakSya padArthonA ane aspRzya hADaathavA nahIM hatA ema kahIe to paNa cAlaze-chatAM mAMsAdi vastuonA prekSapana karI, asuro tathA vartamAnakALe tyAM vaselI je saMkhyA te zaka vAparatI dAne trAsa ApI rahyA hatA temAMthI mukti apAvI mAlama paDe che te, dakSiNahindanI prajAnA saMparkamAM hatI; tethI tene vaidikamatanA uddhAraka jarUra kahI AvyAnA pariNAmarUpe samajavuM raheze. kharI vAta zakAze. joke A kathana vaidikagraMthAnuM-purANonuM che; che ke saMyukta prAMtamAM, ane temAMye audha ane jyAre jainagraMthamAM tevI koI hakIkata nathI ja eTale alhAbAda, kAzI, banArasavALA pradezamAM teno vaparAza ekadama mAnI levA karatAM, tenA upara vicAra karavAnuM uttarahindanA anya prAMte karatAM vizeSa dekhAya che mAMgI le che. chatAM tene mahatvapUrNa lekhIe te paNa parantu te saMskRta bhASAnAM ane te anvaye paMDitanAM e sAme ema dalIla lAvI zakAya ke, pitAnI prajAne mULa dhAma gaNAtAM sthAnone AbhArI che. A prakAranA koI paNa prakAranA upadravamAMthI bacAvI levI te te sAMpakika ane vidyAviSayI tatvone lIdhe uttara. dareka rAjavIno dharma che. pote kayo dharma pALe che te hindamAM zakasaMvatane praveza thavA pAmyo gaNAze. vastu sAthe tene saMbaMdha hoya yA na paNa hoya. joke, bAkI te tenuM janmasthAna dakSiNahinda ja che ne te vaidikadhama nahoto evo, spaSTapaNe puravAra karate tethI ja tyAM tene vAparanArA vizeSa pramANamAM maLI ApaNI pAse majabUta purA na hoya tyAMsudhI, upara AvatA jaNAya che ema kahevuM paDe che. batAveluM dRSTAMta te pote vaidakI dharmAnuyAyI hevAnuM eka bIjI eka mAnyatA evI prasarI rahela che ke, kAraNa lakhI zakAya che. AvA bhamapAdaka athavA te saMvatsara mukhyapaNe vaidikamatavALA ja-eTale ke saMdigdha ane graMthastha pUrAvA karatAM, vizeSa vizvasabrAhmaNo ja vApare che kemake tenI utpatti te dharmanA nIya evA zilAlekhI ke sikkAI pramANe zuM kahe che anayAyIone ja AbhArI che. A mAnyatA satya che paNa ApaNe tapAsI laIe. je aneka zilAlekho. che ke kema te paNa ApaNe tapAsI laIe. tenI che. resane potAnA pustakamAM utAryA che te sadAbarA utpatti, phAve te rAjA hAla zAlivAhanane aMge ke ApaNe paMcama ane SaSTama paricchede avatarita karyA che. rAjA zivasvAtine aMge thaI hoya, parantu eTale temAMthI to ulaTuM ema pratipAdita thAya che ke, A satya che ke te baMnenA janma sAthe joDAyelI AkhyA- zatavahanavaMzIono kuLadharma jaina hatA. teo vaidika yikAomAM, brAhmaNakuTuMbanI kumArikAne nirdeza matAnuyAyI hovA vize eka paNa muddo temAMthI ze Ave che ja. ATalI hakIkatane lIdhe ja je tenI jaDatuM nathI. uparAMta temanA sikkA uparanAM cihno

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zakasaMvata vaidika hAvA vize anya purAvAo [ ekAdazama khaMDa sAbitIe maLI Ave che. bhinnabhinna vaMzI rAjAoe je aneka zilAlekhA kAtarAvyA che temAM chevaTe mitidarzIna karAvavAnI praNAlikA aMgIkAra karI hoya ema dekhAya che. ane temanI A mitidarzananI paddhatinA khArika nirikSaNa karavAthI te kayA varganA kayA, vaMzanA ke kayA dharmAMnA haze tenI tAravaNI karI zakAya che. (pu. 4, pR. 84thI 85) A khAbatanA IsArA aneka vakhata karavAmAM AvyA che tathA te AdhAre nahupALu, rUSabhadatta, caNu, kuzAnavaMzI rAjA, rAjIvula Adine eka bIjAthI chuTA pADavAne ApaNe zaktimAna paNa thayA chIe. te ja pramANe A zAtavahanavaMzIonA zilAlekhAmAM grahaNa karelI mitidarzananI paddhatie jo tapAsIzuM, teA tarata jaNAI Ave che ke temaNe paNa jainadharmIoe akhatyAra karelI rIte ja kAma lIdhuM che. sarvee sAla, Rtu, mAsa ane pakSa nirdezyA che parantu jema purANAmAM kaliyuganA ATalA varase ke yudhiSThiranA athavA laukika saMvatsaranA phalANA varSe ema lakhAtuM najare paDe che tema A rAjAenA zilAlekhAmAM eka paNa ThekANe lakhAyuM hAya ema jaNAtuM nathI; ane tene badale khIjI kAI judI paDatI rItie kAma lIdhuM hAta te paNa ApaNane anyathA vicAravA mATe eka kiraNa teA maLata jate ? eTale anya paddhatinA abhAve, ApaNe evA anumAne javAne deravAie chIe, ke te pahita vAparanAra anya rAjavIe je matAvalaMbI hatA teja matavALA A AMdhrapatio paNa hAvA joie, vaLI naM. 7 vALA zAtakaraNie dharmapalaTA karyAnA tathA azvamedha karyAnA ullekha teNe ubhA karAvela sAMcI staMbhamAMthI jema maLI Ave che tema A na. 23 vALAe paNa jo dharma parivartana karyuM hota teA tema karyAnuM kAI paNa jAtanuM smaraNa cinha jALavavAne pagaluM bharyuM heta evuM mAnavAne svabhA kAraNa e mATe rahe che ke, dharmapalaTA karanAranA jIvanamAM tene eka khAsa ane viziSTa prasaMga lekha 264 ] paNa zilAlekhanI hakIkatane samarthana ApatAM najare paDe che. jyAre zilAlekha ane sikkAcihno jevA pramANika ane sajjaDa pUrAvA eka ja vastu kathI rahyA hAya, tyAre tenAthI uparavaTa javuM ApaNane zI rIte paravaDI zake? eTale sAbita thAya che ke, zAtavAhanavaMzI rAjAone kuLadharma jaina hatA. temaNe je brAhmaNa prajAne asureAnA trAsathI saMrakSaNa ApyuM hatuM te, kAMtA rAjakartAnI sAmAnya krUraja rUpe hatuM athavA tA graMthamAMhelI hakIkata pakSapAtanA raMgathI camatkArika banAvavAmAM AvI hatI ema mAnavuM rahe che. eka mudde khAsa lakSamAM rahe te mATe atra noMdha karavI joI e. A zAtavAhana vaMzIe mULathI tA jainadharmIo ja hatA, parantu naM. 7 nA rAjyakALe eka jabarajasta dharmakrAMtinuM meA krUrI vaLyuM hatuM te te sthiti keTalAMka varSo sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. vaLI temAM amuka samaye-pacIsa trIsa varSa bAda-kAi jainAcAryanA upadezathI parivartana thaI mULa sthiti AvI gai hatI. te naM. 23nA amala sudhI cAlu rahI hatI. ane teNe vaidikadharma aMgIkAra karI, zakasaMvatanuM pravartana karI rAjadharma tarIke vaidika dharmane sthApIta karyAM hatA. te TheTha zAtavahana vaMzanA aMta sudhI tene te sthiti pravartI rahI hatI. amArI A pramANenI mAnyatA heAvAne lIdhe, atyAra sudhI jyAM jyAM nirdeza karavAnA prasaMga paDayeA che tyAM tyAM evuM ja jAhera karyuM che ke, A rAjavaMzanA rAjyakALe e vakhata dhakrAMti thavA pAmI che; eka naM. 7nA rAjyakALe ane bIjI naM. 23nA rAjyakALe; paraMtu have vizeSa adhyayanane pariNAme, temAM pheraphAra karavAnI jarUra paDe che. dharmAMkrAMti e vakhata nahIM paNa eka ja vakhata thaI hatI. ane te rivartana paNa ekaMdara 350-800 varSanA temanA sattAkALa daramiyAna mAtra 25-35 varSI ja temaNe karyuM hatuM, upalA pAritrAphe rAjA zivasvAtine are kahAne ke tenA rAjavaMzane zilAlekha ane sikkAcihnAM pramANAthI avaidika heAvAnuM ApaNe jaNAvI gayA chIe.vika vaLI bIjI rIte paNa teja hakIkatane samana karanArI zakasaMvata avaidika hAvA vize anya purAvAo

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dazama paricheda ] zakasaMvata hato khare? [ ra65 vAmAM Ave che. vaLI dharmapalaTo karanAra rAjavI kAMI thAya che ke (1) zuM tyAre zakasaMvata vAstavika rIte sAmAnya kaTine purUSa heto nathI. te to aneka cAlyo ja nathI? (2) ke zaka zabdano artha te rIte bahAra paDI Avato tathA mahatvapUrNa, prabhAva asalamAM bIjI koI rIte thatuM hatuM, paraMtu tene vatI ane jhaLakatI kArakIrdine varele rAjapurUSa hoya pAchaLanA lekhake e saMvata zabdanA arthamAM mAnI laI che. temAMya A te, dharmapalaTo karanAra hovA uparAMta muzkelI nIpajAvI dIdhI che ? (3) ane tema hoya te eka zakapravartaka rahyA. A baMne kAryo tenA jIvanane tenuM nirasana zakya che ke? A traNe prazno ApaNe dhanya karanAra-sArthaka-saphaLa banAvanAra gaNAya; jethI eka pachI eka vicArIe. tenI yAdagiri koIne koI prakAre AcaraNamAM mUkayA pahele praznaH-zakasaMvata zuM vAstavika rIte cAlyo vinA tene japa ja na maLe. chatAM jayAre temAMnuM kaI nathI? je je sAhityika temaja aitihAsika sAmagrI nAmanizAna najare paDatuM nathI tyAre vizeSa ne vizeSa amane prApta thaI zakI che tenI carcA-vivAda mAnavuM rahe che ke, teNe dharmapalaTa paNa karyo nahIM vAcaka samakSa dharavAmAM Avyo che; ne te uparathI hoya; tema vizeSa AgaLa vadhIne kahIe ke teNe zaka amArA pramANika mata te emaja thayo che ke je saMvata pravartAvyo paNa nahIM hoya. vaLI A zaka- svarUpamAM (je zAlivAhana rAjAnuM nAma joDIne) pravartana vizenuM vizeSa vivecana AgaLanA pArigrAphe tene pracalita thayela manAyo che te svarUpamAM te karela che). banavA pAmyuM na ja heya, sivAya ke naM- 17, 18nA sAmAnya rIte, vaparAtA aneka saMvatsarAmAM zakanuM yugmamAMthI naM. 18 ne rAjA zAlivAhana tarIke oLapaNa nAma che. te jema pR. 207 upara TAMkela zlokathI khAvIne ame kAma lIdhuM che. tene sthAne . 24. spaSTa thAya che tema pu. 4, 25 nA yugmamAMnA eka tarIke tene lekhAvAya. Ama zakasaMvata pR. 101 upara TAMkala kathanathI karavAmAM zuM zuM muzkelIo Ave che te pR. 237-8 hate kharo? tene samaya i. sa. 78 manA upara samajAvyuM che. eTale te sthiti ame asaMbhavita che te paNa spaSTa che. chatAM A mAnatA hovAthI gaNatrI bahAranI tene TharAvI che. jema paricchede je kAMi carcA ApaNe, uparamAM samayane eka bAju vivAdajanya baMdhAyelI daDha mAnyatA ubhI , heraphera karIne, vigato uthalAvI uthalAvIne ke je kaI tema bIjI bAju, rUDha thayelI ane vyavahAramAM utarelI rItanI zakyatA athavA saMbhAvanA ubhI karI zakAya tevuM mAnyatA khaDI che. ane tene hiMmatapUrvaka anyathA lAgyuM te rIte ubhI karIne, eTale TuMkAmAM ke je kaI TharAvavA jeTaluM sAdhanabaLa ekatrita thayela na hovAthI, daSTibindu dhyAnamAM utaryuM te grahaNa karIne, karI joI tene ukela lAvavAnuM anya upara choDIzuM. che. paratu sarvethI ekaja vAta siddha thatI samajAI odhavazI rAjAo zakasaMvatanA utpAdaka na che ke, je pramANe atyAre mAnyatA pravartI rahI che hovAnuM bIjuM mukhya kAraNa e che ke te sthApana te kaI rIte baMdhabesatI thatI ja nathI. eTale ApaNe thayA pachI temAMnA keI e te zakano upayoga ja karyo bulaMda avAje jAhera karavuM paDayuM che ke, zAlivAhane nathI. ulaTuM vidvAnanedeg lakhavAnI pharaja paDI che ke, ' zaka calAvyo nathI. temaja I. sa. 78 mAM je AMdhra "The later inscriptions of Andhras are pati hato teNe kadAca te zaka pravartAvyo haze paNa dated in regnal years and not in the karavAne tene zuM prayojana maLyuM hatuM te prakAzamAM years of any era= AMdha (patio) ne AvyuM nathI. eTale mahAna prazna e AvIne khaDe pAchaLa vakhatanA zilAlekhamAM, rAjyanA (amuka) (10) ke, A. ke. pR. 26, pAri. 23.

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zakasaMvata hato kharo? [ ekAdazama khaMDa varSe (ketarAvAyo) enI tArIkha noMdhAI che, ane prajAnI marajInI vAta gaNAya. te uttaramAM jaNAvI (paNuM ) phalANuM saMvatanA (ATalA ) varSe ema zakAya ke, prajA te pitAnA upakAranA ahezanane nathI" eTale ke, te vaMzamAM je AMdhrapatie pAchalA badale vALavAnuM bhUlatI ja nathI. ba9ke prajAne tevA saMvauttara bhAgamAM thayA che temaNe kotarAvela zilAlekhamAM lekhanA prasaMganI sAmAnya rIte durlabhatA jyAre varelI, koI zakasaMvatanA varSano ullekha karyo ja nathI. paratu hoya che tyAre rAjakartAe te prasaMgapApta thatAM, ulaTa pitAnA rAjya, ATalAmAM varSe ane A pramANe karyuM 11 vizeSa zorajorathI tenI ugheSaNa karAvarAvavI joIe; ema jaNAvyuM che. A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke, nahI ke tene paDato mUkI pUrvajonA ujavaLa kAryone aMdhAjo naM. 18 ke na 24 ke bhale tenA pachI paNa, jo rAmAM haDaselI daI, pitAnI mahatvatAnuM darzana karAvavuM koIe zakasaMvata pravartAvyo hato, te tenI pAchaLa joIe. ATaluM lakhyA pachI rA. sA. zairIzaMkara gAdIe AvanArA, tenAja putraparivAranI prathama darajaje hIrAcaMda ejhAkata 'bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA' zuM karaja nahotI ke te saMvatsarano upayoga karavo ? vAMcavAnuM thatAM, tenA pR. 170-karane je sAre mAluma jemaNe jemaNe potAno saMvatsara calAvyo che temaNe paDayo te jaNAvIzuM. siMhasUri racita lokavibhAgamAM temaNe te-temaja tenA AkhAye vaMzamAM-jyAM jyAM "380 zaka saMvata"ne maLate ulekha vahelAmAM mitidarzananI jarUra paDI, tyAM tyAM potAnA ja saMvatsaranuM vahelo gaNI zakAya. paraMtu tenI mULa pratamAM kayA nAma daIne kAma lIdhuM che ane temaja thavuM joIe, zabdo che tene patto maLato nathI. eTale te pachInI kAraNa ke temAM potAnA pUrvajone mobhe vadhe che. bIjI noMdha varAhamihiranI paMcasiddhAMtikAmAMthI 427 kadAca tenA bacAvamAM ema dalIla karAya ke vikrama zakanI maLe che. tene vahelAmAM vahelI tarIke lekhavI saMvatsaranI peThe A zaka saMvatsara paNa thoDo vakhata rahe che. jyAre zilAlekhamAM vahelAmAM vaheluM zAka prathama vaparAya haze ane pAchaLathI baMdha thayo haze saMvatano AMka ko maLyo lekhAya te bAbatamAM pitAnuM vaLI thoDe kAle sajIvana thayo haze. uttaramAM jaNAvIzuM maMtavya nIcenA zabdomAM jaNAve che " kAThiyAvADa ke jyAM tenA putra-parivAra ne vAparavAnA mAkA AvyA ane kacchane pazcimekSatranA zilAlekhamAM zakara che tyAM paNa temaNe vAparyo nathI to, thoDo vakhata saMbaMdhamAM ekaluM 312 maLe che." ane pachInA zilAvaparAyo ne pAchaLathI baMdha thayo hovAne prazna ja kayAM lekho vageremAM zakadrupati rAjyAbhiSeka saMvatsara', rahe che? chatAM eka apekSAe, vaparAine baMdha thayA 4, zAka, rAjasaivat vigere zabda che. matalaba ke bAda karIne zarU thayo kahI zakAya tema che-te mATe pustakamAM vahelAmAM vahele vizvAsapAtra AMka 4ra7ne AgaLa jue. bIjI dalIla ema karAya ke rAjA che ane zilAlekha mATe koI nirNaya bodhI zakAtI pite pravartaka hoya te?--eTale ke rAjadvArI kAraNe nathI. ATalA vivecanathI keI khAsa muddo jeke saMvatanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hoya te ?-tenA tAravI zakAtuM nathI, paraMtu amArI mAnyatA che vaMzajoe te prathAnuM anukaraNa karI pitAne saMvata pR. 269-70mAM jaNAvI che ke lukaya vaMze asalano vAparavA joIe. paraMtu prajAe-Adi karI hoya te? zakasaMvata cAlu rAkhyo hato tene TekArUpa A kathana eTale dhArmika athavA ardhadhArmika kAraNane lIdhe nIvaDe che. temaja svataMtra abhyAsa ane citanathI prArambha karAyo hoya te, tene cAlu rAkhavI ke kema te to ame evA nirNaya upara AvyA chIe ke, vikrama (11) AnA udAharaNa mATe chaThThA paricachede zilAlekha ne 18, 21, 22, ane 23 juo. | (12) AnA khulAsA mATe AgaLanI TI. naM, 15 juo, (13) A badhA zabdonA artha vize pu. 4, pR. 95 thI 98 juo tyAM vidhavidha khulAsAvAra samastuti ApI che.

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trayodazama pariccheda ]. zakasaMvata hate khare? | [ 267 saMvatanI peThe A zaka saMvatanI vaparAza paNa, anya bAbata che. eTale temAM to upara jaNAvI gayA pramANe rAjakartAnA amalamAM, temanA pitAnA saMvatsaranI thatI vaMzajone temanA vaDIla janee sthApana karela zaka neja vaparAzane lIdhe, baMdha rahelI (jIo pR. 266); athavA avalaMbavuM joIe ema chAtI ThekIne muktakaThe kahevuM kaho ke "zAsakana saMvata" vALA bhAvArthamAM rA, rAi, 5De che. chatAM eka vastu vicAravA yogya che ke vikrama zA, (not in the sense of a particularly saMvatsaranI peThe zilAlekhamAM athavA to sAhityagraMthomAM named era but in the sense of any vahelAmAM vahelo zaka saMvatane je AMka darzAvAyo hoya te era) zabdathI zayela. paraMtu cAlukayavaMzanA udUbhava karyo che ane temAM kevA zabdo vaparAyA che te nakkI karI sAthe "zakasaMvata'nA (I. sa. 78nI AdivALA ) levAya to kadAca te uparathI kAMIka ora prakAza paDe kharA arthamAM te vaparAto thaye hovo joIe. paNa khare ? - vAdanI khAtara keAI ema paNa dalIla raju kare bIje prazna-ke zaka zabdanA arthamAM heraphera ke, e jyAM niradhAra ja che, ke eka sakasthApakane the saMbhavita che ke? uparamAM eka sthAne ApaNe parivAramAM utarI AvatA sarvee teja zakano Azraya ema joI gayA chIe ke, zaka zabda te upanAmanA levo joIe ? jo ema hoya te mahAvIra saMvatanI rUpamAM vizeSaNa tarIke vaparAyuM lAge che, jema zakAri bAbatamAM ja, temanA parama bhakta samrATa priyadAzane vikramAditya vaparAya che, tema zakazAlivAhana eTale kevaLa eka sahastrAmanA khaDaka lekhamAM ja (ma.saM. 256) je zAlivAhana zaka yavana gaNAtI evI myucacha prajAne te saMvatane Azraya lIdho che, jyAre teNeja ubhA jItI lIdhI hatI te rAjAnuM nAma zakazAlivAhana karAvela anya staMbha ane zilAlekhomAM te prathAne gaNAya; A sivAya bIjo koI artha bese che ke tyAga karIne "amArA rAjyAbhiSeka pachI ATalA varSe kema te have joIe. Ama karavAmAM AvyuM evI rIte kotaravAmAM AvyuM che. tenA judA judA cha artha thAya che tevuM kathana pu. 4, A pramANe ekaja vyaktie be rIte grahaNa karI pR. 98 upara jaNAvyuM che. temAMne cotho (sAmAnya rIte . che. tevAne vaLate uttara ema daI zakAya ke, mahAvIra koI paNa saMvata) ane pAMcamo (mAtra varSanA bhAvArthamAM) saMvata teto eka dharmapracAraka mahAtmAnA smaraNanuM evA be arthane maLato thAya che ane tevA koI bhAvArthamAM. pratIka che ane samrATa priyadarzina te temane eka A zabda AMdhrapatinA saMvata paratve vaparAyo samajI bho ja che. jyAre AMdhrapatinA zakanI bAbatamAM zakAya che. ane te A pramANe, zaka eTale saMvata ane to pravartaka eka vaDa che ane tene (Akano) tyAga zakane pravartAvanAra te rAja; eTaleke dezaka te napuMsakaliMga karanAra tenAja (pravartakanA) kuLamAM utpanna thayela tenAja ane zAka" te puliMga; ane tenI saptamI vibhaktinA putro ane pAtra che. dharmAnuyAyInI eka vAta che rUpamAM zA (in the year of the promulane vaMzajanI bIjI vAta che. jeTalI javAbadArI ane gator of the Saka era) thAya. jene ame sanmAna, eka vaMzajane pitAnA pUjya vaDIla pratye "zAsaka saMvata'nA nAmathI oLakhAvIe chIe (jAo hovAnuM jaNAya che, teTalAja aMze eka dharmAnuyA- AgaLanA pArigrAphe) te svarUpa; matalaba ke, te sthAna yIne potAnA ISTadeva pratye hoya ema mAnI levAne upara je rAjasattAne amala cAlato hato, ane teo kAMIka saMkoca rAkhavuM paDe che. alabatta paralokika je saMvata mAnatA hatA te saMvatanA amuka varSa kalyANanI bhAvanAne vicAra karavo hoya tyAre ISTadeva (Avo prayoga karAya hAya; tenA udAharaNa mATe paNa pratyenI javAbadArI tathA bhakti vizeSa aMze prajvalita AgaLanA pArigrAphe juo). A pramANe sAmAnya thatI haju gaNI zakAya kharI. paraMtu amuka banAva arthamAM te zabda vaparAyela hovAthI aneka muzkelIo banyo hato tenI noMdha karavI-karAvavI te te eka aihika ubhI thavA pAmI che. joke pAchaLanA samaye keTaleka

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268 ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ ekAdazama khaMDa ThekANe, ekalo "zaka' zabda na lakhatAM sAthe sAthe gayo ane lekamAMthI dhArmika bhAvanAno abhAva thate zAlivAhana zabda paNa joDayo hovAthI ghaNI saraLatA ga, tema tema tenI dhArmika mahathaI gaI lekhAya che; jemake harihara gAmamAM maLelA vastusthiti zI tvatA bhUMsAtI cAlI. ne eka vijayanagaranA rAjA bukkarAya pahelAnA zilAlekhamAM rIte ghaTAvI vakhata e paNa AvI pahoMcyo zakasaMvata 1276nI sAthe zAlivAhana nAma joDeluM che. zakAya? ke, teno tadana lepa thaI rAjakIya matalaba e thaI ke AvI rIte jyAM zaka zabdanI mahatvanuM rUpa teNe dhAraNa karyuM. sAthe spaSTIkaraNa karatuM, bIjuM koI vizeSaNa na jyArathI paradezI prajAnA humalA hinda upara thavA mAMDayA lagADayuM hoya, tyAMsudhI zaka zabdano artha upara ne temane saMparka hiMdIone thavA mAMDayo tyArathI dhArmika darzAvela udAharaNa pramANe ApaNane viparIta svarUpamAM bhAvanAnI luptino AraMbha thayo samaja. jema saMparka ghasaDI laI jAya che. vadhAre tema bhAvanAnI luti vadhAre. A niyame te luptine trIjo prazna-je sthitimAM ubhA chIe temAMthI prathama bega uttara hinda banyuM ane pachI dakSiNa hinda. kema mArga kADhavo te prazna pahelAnuM varNana karatAM ja AvA AkramaNa karanArAomAM prathama alekajhAMDara aMtaragata teno upAya batAvI devA che, ke AMdhrapati dhI greTa, pachI enapati DImeTrIasa ne minenDara naM. 17-18nA yugmane anulakSIne je ApaNe kAma atyA- tathA kSaharATe; te bAda inDopArthiane mojhIjha vagere. rasudhI lIdhe gayA chIe tene badale ne. 24, ane 25nuM te bAda kuzanavaMzI ane te bAda cajhaNavaMza yugma dhArIne kAma levAya te ! ane te muddo AgaLanA AvyA che. A sarve paNa, mAtra luMTa laIne ja jyAM paricchede temanuM vRttAMta lakhatAM vicAravAno che. eTale sudhI cAlyA jatA tyAM sudhI te hindu saMskRtimAM phera atra te tenuM mAtra sUcana eka upAya tarIke karIne ja paDayo nahoto. paraMtu jyArathI temaNe sthAyI thaI AgaLa vadhavAnuM rahe che. bIjA praznanA nirasana mATe hindamAM vasavA mAMDayuM tyArathI, je saMskRtinuM-(jema jaNAvavAnuM ke, jema vikramasaMvatsaranI bAbatamAM aneka rAjakartAne rAjyakALa lAMbe tema tenI saMskRtinuM muzkelIo dekhAtI najare paDI che. chatAM kALajIpUrvaka vadhAre jora )-jora vadhAre te jIvaMta rahI, athavA abhyAsa karIne maMDayA rahevAthI, pu. 4, pR. 94mAM tenuM sthAna upara rahyuM. temAM vaLI rAjakartAo hindramAM jaNAvyA pramANe temAMthI nIkaLavAno mArga sUjhI lagnagraMthIthI joDAvA mAMDayA ne temaNe hindI Avyo che tema A zakasaMvatanI bAbatamAM paNa teja saMskRtine apanAvI lIdhI eTale temanI ane hindI niyame kAma levAthI kadAca raste maLI Avaze. bake saMskRtinuM mizraNa thaI gayuM. guptavaMzI rAjAo nepALa vikrama saMvatanA artha vize koI jAtanI muzkelI ke tarathI utarI AvyA tyAMsudhI jaina-saMskRtinuM prA' le saMdigdhatA na hovAthI teno prazna hajIye sUtara hatuM. A pramANe sacavAI rahyuM dekhAya che. jo ke jyAre zaka saMvatana to lagabhaga cha jeTalA artha guptavaMzIone mULa pradeza je nepALa ane himAthatA hovAthI. teno ukela sahelAIthI maLI Avavo layanI TekarIvALo bhAga gaNAya che tyAM priyadarzinanA bhAre samajAya che; paraMtu khaMtapUrvaka satata maMyA jamAI devapALanA gamana pachI, jene dharma jaDa nAkhI rahevAthI tene paNa aMta AvI jazeja. hatI. paraMtu tenA upadezakene tyAM avarajavara priya amAre AdhIna mata ema paDe che ke, jo banavA darzinanA maraNa bAda baMdha thaI gayA hovAthI, anya pAmyuM hoya to zakasaMvatano sthApaka, mULe te jaina dharmanI asara te deza upara paDI hatI. A saMskRtinA dharmaja heya, paraMtu jema jema kALa vyatIta thato Dhaga uparathI temane pazupati tarIke oLakhAvAya che. 14 jIo 2aa, ba, gau, hi. ejhAkRta, bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA pu. 172,

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tradazama paricheda ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ 26. guNavaMzIonI sattA mukhyapaNe uttaramAM, temaja dakSiNa . 73-74 mAM ApyAM che. matalaba ke zAkazabdane hindanA sAmAnyapaNe bahoLA vistAra upara, ThIka mULa Azaya je I. sa. 78 nA samayanirdeza. samaya sudhI jaLavAI rahI hatI. guptavaMzInI A saMskRti tarIke lekhavAne hato. te dhIme dhIme badalAine temanA valabhI saradAro dvArA saurASTramAM paNa pahoMcI zAsakasaMvatanA arthamAM parivartana thavA pAmyo hato. jethI hatI. paraMtu dakSiNanA saradAroe tyAM ja nivAsasthAna karIne je AMka lakhAyo hoya temAM, caTTaNa samaye jALavI rAkhyuM hovAthI dakSiNamAM ja tene pagadaMDa majabUta 17 ne, kSaharATa samaye 159 ne, ane gupta samaye jAmI paDaze. A guptavaMzI rAjaamala rahyo tyAMsudhI- 319 no umero karave paDatA. ane ' zaka' eTale kaho ke ca4Na vaMzanA amalano aMta Avyo tyAMsudhI- " amuka saMvata=The particular era" ne muddo bhale rAjakartAo (jevA ke kSaharATa, kuzAna, ca9Na khasI jaIkaI paNa "saMvata " Any era" nA kSatrapa i.) pitAnA saMvata vAparatA hatA, chatAM svarUpamAM pariNamyo hato ema samajAya che. temAMnA keIe te saMvatanuM nAma AMka sAthe mukhyatayA ApaNe dakSiNahidanI sAthe atyAre nisbata joDI batAvyuM dekhAtuM nathI. 15 eTale je te pradezamAM che eTale tene aMgenI sthitinuM varNana karIzuM. ceSaNajyAre mitidarzaka AMka vaparAto, tyAre te pradezanI vaMzIomAMthI tenA Abhira saradAra Izvaradatte I. sa. zAsakeno saMvata ja tene lekhAte; phAve te pachI rAjAe 261mAM chuTA paDIne pitAne svataMtra vaMza sthA te AMka darzAvyuM che ke prajAe; ane phAve tema hatuM (juo pu. 3, pR. 375-82). zakya che ke, tene AMkanI pUrve zaka zabda lakhyo hoya ke nahIM, te paNa pAchaLathI parAkramI guptavaMzIoe potAnAmAM joDI sarvatra ekaja artha dharAvato hato. eTale ke zaka dIdhA haze. paraMtu jyAre guptavaMzIonI paDatI thatI. zabdano artha tyAMsudhI " zAsakane saMvata " samajAyA cAlI tyAre bhaTTArika nAmanA eka saradAre saurASTramAMkarate. guptavaMzIoe pUrvanA rAjakartAothI chUTA vallabhImAM jema gAdI karI tema bIjA eka saradAre gujapaDIne ane potAnI oLakha tarI Ave te mATe, rAtanA lATa pradezamAM naikuTakavaMza16 sthAya (pu. 3, potAnA saMvatsarane cekasa nAma ApyuM ane te pramANe pR. 37) ane trIjA ekAda saradAra, dakSiNanA. pite jyAM prasaMga lAvyo tyAM, kahe ke rAjakIya kSetre kalyANImAM rAjagAdI sthApI lAge che. eTale ke A AMka saMkhyA pUrve gupta zabda joDo; jyAre prajAne traNenA vaMzanI sthApanA, guptavaMzanI paDatInA samaye. to je cIlo paDI gayo hato temAMthI bahAra nIkaLavuM 25-50 varSanA gALAmAM ja thavA pAmI che tathA te. kaThiNa lAgavAthI athavA to aneka vakhata rAjasattA traNene dharma paNa guptavaMzI ja rahevA pAmyo che. amAruM badalAtI hovAthI, keTalAM dhAraNa akhatyAra karavAM ema mAnavuM thAya che ke, kalyANIne caulukayavaMza te tenI muMjhavaNa thatI hovAthI, mULanI prathAne te vaLagI A guptavaMzanA eka saradAranI zAkhArUpa che ane tenI rahI. temaja vikalpa gupta zabda umeratA paNa hatA. A sthApanA guptavaMzanI paDatInA samaye I. sa. chaThI thayAnAM aneka udAharaNa pu. 4. pR. 83. TI. sadInA prAraMbhamAM ke pAMcamInA aMtamAM thaI che. (15) rA. ba. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcaMda jhA kRta bhAratIya hovAthI teNe vAparela AMka sAthe, zakanI apekSA rAkhelI prAcIna lipimALA, pR. 170 kAThiyAvADane kacchanA pazcima dekhAya che. bAkI teoe zaka zabda nathI vAparyo tenuM kSatranA zilAlekhamAM zakasaMvata saMbaMdhamAM ekaluM "va' kAraNa ame je dorI batAvyuM che te samajavuM, ]. maLe che. [ amAruM TIpaNu-(1) amAruM atra lakhela kathana te (16) pu.3, pR. 384 vaidaka dharasenane samaya je ame svataMtra rIte abhyAsane aMge ja kareluM che. rA. bA. ojhA 207+249=I. sa. 456 gaNAvyo che tene A uparathI sAhebane purA te pAchaLathI maLI Avyo eTale TAMkI sudhArIne 207+319=I. sa. 526 no lekha. batAvyo che. (2) kSatrapane vidvAnoe zAka mAnI lIdhelA

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270 ] vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya? [ ekAdazama khaMDa vallabhIvALAe temaja vaikuTakavALAoe temanA aneka jainamaMdirAe paNa vaidika dharmane svAMga sajI mAlikanA saMvatane ( guptasaMvata I. sa. 319 vALAne ) lIdho hato evuM samajavuM rahe che. Avo dharma palaTa, apanAvI rAkhyo, jyAre cAlukyavaMzIoe, pitAnA hamezA be saMskRtinI athaDAmaNamAMthI ja uddabhave che. asala utpattinA sthaLanI, tathA pachInAM anukrame nepALa, upara kahI gayA chIe ke paradezIonA saMparka vakhate uttarahiMda ane pAchaLathI dakSiNahida ke jyAM sthiratA A pramANe hamezAM banI Ave che. je saMskRtinuM jora dhAraNa karI rahyA hatA tyAMnI-A sarva pradezanI-jaina vizeSa te vadhAre phAvI jAya. upara jaNAvela paradezIo saMskRti thoDe ghaNe aMze jALavI rAkhI hatI, tethI je zaka hiMdamAM AvI TharIThAma beThA ke tarata temaNe hiMdI saMvata mULe jaina hato tene cAlu rAkhyo hato. tethI saMskRtine apanAvI lIdhI eTale saghaLuM hatuM, tevuM ja caulukayavaMzanA Adi purUSomAM jainadharmanAM aMzo pAchuM thaI gayuM ne badhuM thALe paDI gayuM. vaLI traNa jaLavAI rahelA mAlUma paDe che. temaja temane saMsarga, cAra sadI gaI ne arabastAna taraphathI AraonAM ane pAsenA aparAMta pradezanI janadhama kadaMba prajA sAthe temanI pAchaLa pAchaLa aphagAnistAnamAMthI gijhanavIjeDA dekhAya che. vaLI bIjo purA, uparanA caulukaya- enAM ane gherI prajAnAM AkramaNa zarU thayAM. temaNe vaMzIomAMthI utarI Avela gUjarAtanA solaMkIvaMzI joke dhImedhIme kAyamI vasavATa karavA mAMDI hatI; eTale bhupAla karNadevane ane majakura kadaMba rAjAnI putrI darajaje saMskRtinI athaDAmaNa thavAnuM prayojana dUra mayaNallAdevIno lagnasaMbaMdha joDavAmAM Avyo hate. haDaselAyuM, paraMtu temAMnA keTalAke dharmanI ahaMbhAvanA A pramANe dakSiNanA rAjakuTuMbanA dharmasabaMdhI jhAMkhA keLavavI zarU karI dIdhI ane tenA upara rAjasattAnI paricaya samajavo. jema jema vakhata gayo tema tema mahAra pADavA mAMDI eTale saMskRtinI hada saMkocAtI cAlukyavaMzImAMthI rASTrIkavaMza judo paDayo ne teNe gaI ane kemarUpa dhAraNa thatuM gayuM. jenA pariNAme jainasaMskRti jALavI rAkhI; jemAMnA ameghavarSa vagere hiMdamAM be prajA hovAnuM durbhAgya sAMpaDavuM. A pramANenI rAjAonA ItihAsa ati mazahura che. tevAmAM saMskRtinI eka athaDAmaNu dakSiNahiMdamAM bhagavAna dakSiNamAM zrIAdya zaMkarAcAryano uddabhava thayo ne zaMkarAcAryanA samaye thaI hevAnuM zakya che. jenadharmasaMsthAomAM jabaradasta krAMti thavA pAmI. A saMskRti te samaye sAmAnya prajAne pacAvavI kadAca samaye zaka saMvate 9 vaidikapaNuM dhAraNa karyuM dekhAya che. anukala thaI nahIM hoya eTale vaidika saMskRti tarapha maLe zakasaMvatanI utpatti to-tenA pravartakanA janmanI prajAnuM DhaLaNa vaLyuM ne dhIme dhIme te majabUta thatI kathA-brAhmaNa kanyA sAthe saMkalita thayelI ja che, ane gaI. te samaye zakasaMvate pitAnuM bAhya zarIra badalyuM sAmAnya rIte brAhmaNa eTale vaidika dharmAnuyAyI gaNAya, hevuM joIe. eTale zakasaMvata jene mULa have te jethI badhI yuktine suga maLI rahyo. itihAsa kAyama rahe temaja temanuM paNa mana rAjI rahe; ne kaI paNa ApaNane zIkhave che ke, jyAre dharma saMsthAmAM rIte gaMbhIra athaDAmaNa ubhI na thavA pAme te hetuthI, jaba palaTo Ave che tyAre eka dharmanI saMsthAnA zaka zabda kAyama rAkhyo hoya; temaja tene samaya paNa avazeSo bIjAnuM svarUpa pakaDI le che temAM prajA kAyama rAkhI vizeSamAM zAlivAhananuM nAma joDavuM yA na ane rAjA banne hisso pUrAve che. matalaba ke bhagavAna joDavuM te vAparanAranI icchA upara choDayuM hoya. eTale zaMkarAcAryanA samaye ja, zakasaMvate jenamAMthI vaidika pR. 267-8 mAM noMdhyA pramANe zAlivAhana zaka evo khoLiyuM badalI nAMkhyuM gaNavuM. te ja rIte dakSiNahiMdanA je zabdaprayoga maLI Ave che, tenI AsapAsanA (17) rA. ba. gaurizaMkara hI. ojhAkRta bhAratIya prAcIna maMdiranA zilAlekha pramANe zaka sa vata ane yudhiSThira lipimALA jIo "pulakezI bIjanA vakhatanA jaina saMvata vacce 317 varSanuM aMtara che."

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vastusthiti zI rIte ghaTAvI zakAya ? dazama pariccheda ] samaye A prakAranI krAMti thavA pAmI hAya ema gaNavuM paDaze. thI bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryanA samaya zArka 710 742 = 32 varSanA AyuSyane| gaNAya che. vidvAnoe A AMkane zakasaMvatsara tarIke lekhI temane samaya I. sa. 788 thI 82nA TharAjyeA che paraMtu te samaya anyAnI gaNatrIe kharAkhara nathI lAgatA. eTale amArI namrapaNe e sUcanA che ke te AMkane zakasaMvatsara na lekhatAM temanuM mULa je guptavaMza tene ja saMvata lekhavA athavA 18 gaNIne, temanA janmasthAnamAM je saMvata vaparAtA heAya te saMvatamAM te AMkane ghaTAvAya teA badhA virodha samI javA joie. A sUcanA pramANe tapAsI jovA vidvAnAne vinaMtI che. che. [atra amAre eka hakIkata je pu. 4. pR. 102 thI 105 sudhImAM jaNAvI dIdhI che tenA sArarUpe jaNAvavI che; kemake tenAthI zakasaMvatanI utpatti jainamata pramANe che ke vaidikamata pramANe che, te pArakhI kADhI zakAze, tevuM amArUM dhAravuM thAya che. jainasaMpradAyamAM prathama pUrNimAMta mAsa ( pUrNimAe mahine pUrA thAya ane kRSNapakSathI nA mAsa gaNAya te) Solar months nI gaNunA--paddhati hatI; parantu vikrame saMvatsara sthApyA tyArathI amAsAMta 19 ( amAse mahinA pUrA thAya ane zukalapakSathI nave mAsa gaNAya te) Lunar months nI gaNanA dAkhala thaI che. tethI anumAna e thayA ke uttaradinA jetAe vikrama savatsaranI sthApanA thayA bAda, amAsAMtanI gaNanA akhatyAra karI kahevAya. parantu, kuzAna ane caNuvaMzIee jema vikramasaMvata grahaNa karyA nathI tema teNe (18) zAke zabdanI vyAkhyA mATe uparamAM pU.267 jue. (19) jIe pu. 4, pR. 109, [ 201 dAkhala karelI amAsAMta pati paNa dAkhala karI dekhAtI nathI. A bhedane lIdhe saMbhavita che ke DaoNkaTara kIlhArne lakhyuM hazera " dakSiNahiMda karatAM uttarahiMdane zaka lakhavAnI paddhatimAM je phera dekhAya che te dakSiNahiMdamAM vasatA brAhmaNeAnA dharmanI asaranuM ja pariNAma che.'' temanA kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, kSihiMdamAM je zaka lakhAya che te amAsAMta che ane tenuM kAraNa brAhmaNeAnA saMparka che, jyAre uttara hiMdanA zaka pUrNimAMta patine che. A kathana uparathI ApaNe te eTaleA ja sAra kADhavAnA che ke, jaineAnI gaNunA uttaradinAzaka pramANe) pUrNimAMtanI che. A niyama dhyAnamAM rAkhIne dakSiNahiMdamAM vaparAyalA zakanI mitinI gaNutrI tapAsI jozuM te te kayA dharmanA che tenA tarata pattA maLI Avaze. alabatta, eka muzkelI che ke, vikrame amAsAMtanI pati dAkhala karI vALI che, parantu dhyAna rAkhavAnuM che ke, vikramasavatsaranI asara te mukhyapaNe uttarahindamAM ja thai che, nahIM ke dakSiNa hiMdamAM. eTale sevasA te je zaka saMvata i. sa. 78 mAM AMdhrapatie sthApyAnuM kahevAyuM che, tenI gaNanA te jainadharmI hovAthI pUrNimAM patinI ja hovI joI e. jyAre upara batAvI gayA pramANe je zakasaMvata bhagavAna zaMkarAcArya nA samaya bAda vApuramAM AvyA che tenI pati amAsAMtanI che. eTale saMbhava che ke A seTI vaDe baMne zaka pArakhI paNa zakAya. ] zivasvAti vize kAMI anya mAhitI maLela na hAvAthI temaja zakasaMvatane lagatuM je kAMI kahevuM hatuM te saMpUrNa lakhAI gayuM hovAthI A prakaraNa atra pUruM karavAmAM Ave che. n (20) temanA asala zabdo mATe jIe IM. e, pu. 37 pR. 46 tathA ApaNA pu. 4, pR. 102,

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M HH dha caturdazama pariccheda zatavahena vaMza (cAlu) TUMkasAraH--(24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi--tenA vize kAMi jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. (25) catrapaNa vAsiSThIputra--gautamIputra ane vAsiSThIputranA cAra yugalA thayAM che temAM rANI khaLazrInA putrapautranuM yugala kayuM, tenI judA judA cAra muddA ApIne karelI carcA ane temAMthI tAravelA nirNaya--DaoN. myulare ane DaoN. bhagavAnalAle bhinnabhinna rIte karela catrapaNa zabdanA ukela tathA TolemIe peAtAnA samakAlinapaNe A catrapaNane ane RNune gaNAvyA che paraMtu vidvAnane te mAnya nathI, tene kADhI Apela niceADa ane te purANA kathananI tAvI Apela satyatA-gabhIla ane zatavahanavaMzImAM samakAlInapaNe thayela rAjAe vacce mitrAcArInA bhAvAbhAvanuM karela varNana tathA catrapaNe saurASTra ane gujarAtanI bhUmi gardabhIleA pAsethI jItI lIdhI hatI tenA Apela khyAla (26) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa, pulumAvI trIjo--tenI pAsethI caoNe paDAvI lIdhela gujarAta ane saurASTra; ane tene peAtAnA banAvela mAMDalika; judAjudA gautamIputranA zilAlekha ane sikkAomAMthI kayAkAnA, te ALakhavAne batAvelI cAvIo- (27) zivazrI vAsiSThIputra (28) zivaskaMdha gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI vAsiSThIputra zAtakaraNa ane (30 thI 32) chellA traNa rAjAe--A vaMzanI paDatI kema thai tathA caNuvaMzI naM. 3 nA rUdradAmana, naM. 5 nA rUdrasiMha ane naM, 7 nA sena; A traNenA prathamAkSara rUdra hAvAthI kayAM gaDabaDa thavA pAmI che te vize zilAlekhanA AdhAre

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caturdazama pariccheda ] gautamIputra zAtakaraNi [ 273 karelI theDIka carcA; te uparathI AMdhrapatio sAthe joDela AbhiranAM sagapaNa ane cakaNaveza sAthene rAjadvArI saMbaMdha tathA gupta sAmrAjyanI paDatI vakhate Abhiree meLavelI svataMtratA ane purANonA AdhAre A Abhirene vidvAnoe AMdhrapati sAthe joDIne AMdhrabhAtyA TharAvyA che te vize samajAvela bheda-zatavahanavaMzIonI vikalpa TharAvAtI vaMzAvaLIthI puravaNI tarIke batAvelI rUparekhA- [noMdha:A pariccheda lakhAtuM hatuM te tekhate aitihAsika banAvanI anya paristhitine laIne . temanA samayamAM keTalAka pheraphAra karavA jarUriyAta ubhI thaI che. je pramANe sudhAro karIne te vAMcavuM. temane lagatI hakIkata kAyama ja rAkhavAnI che]. I. sa. I. sa. ' (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi 78-109=31 baMne maLIne ]. 25) catrapaNu vAsichiputra 109-137=18 ) 29 varSa (26) gautamIputra yajJazrIzAtakaraNi137-165=58 ] baMne maLIne (27) zivazrI (vAsiddhiputra pulemA)165-181=16 ) 44 varSa A sAtane kadAca AMdhrabhUtyA (28) zivakaMdha 181-188=7 ) baMne maLIne zuM kahevAno Azaya paNu purANa (29) yajJazrI zAtakaraNi vAsiddhiputra188-218=30 [ 37 varSa 2 kArane hAya (30-31-32) traNa rAjAe 218-26143 (ekanA 18 + bIjA benA 25 )

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[ ekAdazama khaMDa zatavahana vaMza (cAlu) (24) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi khAsa tenA jIvanapravAhane aMge nirdeza karI zakAya tevuM kaMi paNa amArA vAMcavAmAM AvyuM nathI eTale te khAkhata taddana mauna ja sevavuM paDe che. je kAMI ullekha karI zakAya te eTaluM ja ke tene rAjyakALa 21 varSa paryaMta cAlye! hAvAnuM kalpI zakAya che ane rANI aLazrIe potAnA putra tathA pautra tarIke eLakhAvela che te yugma karyuM hAvuM joie tenI carcA mulatavI rAkhI turatamAM naM. 17, 18nA joDakAne te svIkArI levAnuM kahyuM hatuM eTale tenA pUrAvA tapAsI te sAbita karavAnuM kAma atre hAtha dharavuM rahe che. rANI khaLazrIe potAnA putrane dakSiNApathapati ane pautrane dakSiNApathezvaranA nAmathI sameAdhyA che ane je pramANe te baMnenuM varNana ApyuM che te tene samaya I. sa. 78 thI 9 sudhInA lakhavA rahe che. pramANe te teo pratyeke 19 varSa uparAMta-mahake 24 have jo zAlivAhana zakanA pravartaka tarIke A naM. 24 vALAne lekhavA hAya ane tenA pitAnA maraNanI sAlathI te zakanI Adi gaNavI hAya tA gautamIputra zAtakaraNane zakapravartaka tarIke ApaNe jAhera karavA rahe che. khIjI vastusthiti e che ke ApaNe naM. 18vALA rAjAne ja hamaNA te| hAla zAlivAhana tarIke oLakhAvyA che. ane te vAsiSTha gAtrI mAtAne peTe janmyA hAvAthI vAsipuitra kahevAya che. matalaba ke ApaNe rAjA hAlane vAsipuitra varSa sudhI ke te uparAMta paNa-rAjyasattA bhAgavI che. temaja teo baMne karmavIrA tathA mahAparAkramI hovAne khyAla te uparathI Ave che. A e sthitine vicAra karavA jatAM, naM. 28, 29 vALuM yugma tA saheje khAda ja thaI jAya che kemake naM. 28 vALAneA rAjyAdhikAra kevA sAta varSanA ja nAMdhAyA gaNavA pAmyA kahyo che jyAre zakapravartaka tarIke je vyakti atra TharAvavI paDe che te gautamIputra che. eTale jo kAI graMthamAM rAjA zAlivAhananuM birUda maLI Ave to, ApaNune nirNaya upara AvavAne ati upayegI muddo maLI AvyA lekhAze. che. bIjuM yugma je naM. 26, 27 vALuM che te upara darzAvelA e muddAmAMthI eka tA jarUra pUrA kare che ja; kemake temaNe 31 ane 27 varSa sudhI rAjapUrA grahaNa karI rAkhI che. parantu temanAM parAkrama vize joitA saMteASa teo pUrA pADI zakatA nathI. kAraNa ke naM. 26nA vRttAMte ApaNane jaNAvavAmAM Avaze tema, atipati caNe tene harAvIne saurASTra tathA gujarAtanA keTalAya bhAga atyaMta sAmrAjyamAM bheLavI lIdhA hatA. matalaba ke parAkrama vizeteA naM. 26 nA pUrAvA khaMDita thai jAya che eTale naM. 26, 27 vALuM yugma paNa bAtala karavuM rahe che. pachI teA kevaLa vicAravuM rahyuM naM. 24 ane 25 mAMnuM yugma tene have vicAra karIe. 274 ] cAra yugmAmAMthI rANI maLazrInA saMbadhI kaNa ? naM. 24 nuM maraNa thatAM tenI gAdIe naM. 25 vALA tenA putra AvyeA che. (25) catraNa vAsiSThaputra zAtakaraNa teneA rAjyakALa ApaNe I. sa. 99 thI 122 sudhInA 23 varSanA TharAvyA che. naM. 17vALA gautamIputra zAtakaraNinuM vRttAMta lakhatAM gautamIputra ane jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, vAsipuitranA cAra nAmanA cAra yugmA thayAM che. yugmamAMthI rANI naM. 17, 18 vALuM eka, naM. maLazAnA saMbaMdhI 24, 25nuM khIjAM; naM. 26, 27nuM trIjuM, ane naM. 28, 29nuM thu; A cAramAMthI A kANu ? (1) uparamAM pR. 73 saratacUkathI na. 25 vALAne caNe harAvyAnuM lakhAyuM che. paraMtu te naM. 26 ne harAvyAnuM (1) rANI khaLazrIe peAtAnA putrane mATe lakhyuM che ke, He had restored the glory of his fore-fathers; A vAkayathI pratIti thAya che ke, yuddha thayuM te pUrve, gautama putranA bApadAdAnI kIrtine apayazarUpI kalaMka ceTayuM hatuM ane te banAva bIjo kAI nahIM paNa itihAsa ApaNune zIkhavI rahyo che jANavuM: balke nabaranI mArAmArImAM na utaratAM, gautamIputra cakSazrIne harAvyAnuM lakhavuM. pachI tenA nabara game te Ape.

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caturda zama pariccheda ] cAra yugmAmAMthI rANI maLazrInA sabaMdhI koNa ? tema, nahupALu, rUSabhadatta ane nahapANu pradhAna ayamanA nAsika tathA junneranA zilAlekhAmAM jaNAvela che te ja che (juo chaThThA paricchede zilAlekha naM. 33 ane 35 tathA pu. 3mAM nahupANunuM vRttAMta tathA nIcenI dalIla naM. 2); jemanA samaya I. sa. pU. 114nA arasAmAM nAMdhAyA che ane te naM. 17, 18 nA pUrvajanA ane temanI peAtAnI lageAlaganA che, jyAre naM. 24, 25nuM yugma tA dhaNuM dUra paDI jAya che. uparAMta naM. 17, 18 vALA tA mahAparAkramI thaI gayA che eTale temanA samaya khAda ane naM. 24, 25 nI pUrve laMchana kadAca lAgyuM hAya teA khanavAyeAgya che. paraMtu naM. 19 thI 23 sudhInA pAMca rAjAomAMnA cAra vize te lagabhaga zUnyAkAra jevI ja sthiti itihAsamAM najare paDe che. joke pAMcame je naM, 23 vALA che tene mahAparAkramI rAjA lekhI saMvatsara pravartAvavA jevI kATIneA gaNAvIne tenA putra naM. 24 vALAe zakasaMvata calAvyA haiAvAnuM manAyuM che. paraMtu naM. 23 tA yugmanI bahAranA che. matalaba kahevAnI e che ke, je kalaMka gautamIputra sAtakaraNaerANI khaLazrInA putre-dhAi nAMkhyAnI hakIkata vicAravI rahe che te, naM. 19 thI 23 sudhInA rAjyakALe banavA pAmI ja nathI. paraMtu naM 17 nA samaya pUrve khanI hAvAnuM cAkkasa thAya che ane tema thayuM che te te kalaMka bhUMsI nAMkhavAnuM kArya naM. 17nA hisse ja noMdhavuM rahe che. (2) rANI aLazrIe zilAlekhamAM spaSTapaNe ullekha karyo che ke tenA putre "destroyed the Sakas and extirpated the Kshaharatas= zakanA nAza karyAM ane kSaharATanuM mULa ukheDI nAMkhyuM hatuM." AmAMthI zaka prajAnA samaya, avaMtipati tarIkenA 4. sa. pU. 64thI 57 sudhIne, tathA hiMdIzaka (Indo-Scythians)nA saradAra jevA rUSabhadattanA ane kSaharATa bhUpati nahupANu avaMtItine samaya I. sa. pU. 114 thI 74 sudhIneA hovAnuM itihAsathI have ApaNe jANI cUkayA che. jyAre naM. 17 te, zAri vikramAdityanI paDakhe ubhA rahI gujarAtamAM kAphara mukAme zaka prajAne harAvatA tathA dakSiNahindamAM kAika ajJAta sthaLe [ 275 chellA zakabhUpati sAthe yuddhamAM utarI bhAlA jevA hathiyArathI vIMdhI nAMkhatA ApaNe vAMcyA che ane tene samaya I. sa. pU. 57 te aneka pUrAvA ApI pUravAra karI apAyA che. tema te samaya Ada krAi ThekANe zaka ke kSaharATa prajAnuM nAma najare caDatuM nathI. vaLI te na. 17 vALAnA rAjyakALanA samayamAM ja I. sa. pU. 57 / samAveza thaI jAya che. tyAre aitihAsika pramANAthI siddha thai jAya che ke AMdhravaMzI bhUpationA zire-lalATe coMTeluM kalaMka nirmULa karavAne yaza na, 17 teja bhAgye sarajAyA hatA. [ kadAca dalIla karavAmAM Ave ke, I. sa. pU. 57 nA arasAmAM zakaprajAnuM nikaMdana nIkaLI gayuM che te te bAda lagabhaga seAeka varSe pAchA caNuvaMzI kSatrapA ke jete vidvAnee zaka tarIke oLakhAvyA che te kayAMthI AvyA? temane saMteASa upaje te mATe jaNAvI zakAya ke, (a) te vakhatanA anya vaMzIonA krAi zilAlekha ke sikkAI ullekhAmAM caNuvaMzIone zakaprajA tarIke uddezI ja nathI. tema caRNuvaMzIee peAte paNa te nAmathI peAtAne sakhAvyA nathI. eTale temane zakaprajA dhArI levI te ja mULe te AdhAra vinAnI vAta che. vaLI nahapANuthI caSThavaMzIo kuvA bhinna pradezI ane bhinna saMskArI che te pu. 3 mAM nahapANunA vRttAMte, tathA pu. 4 mAM caSNunA vRttAMte ApaNe dalIla ApI sAkhita karI ApyuM che. matalaba ke kAI rIte caSTheNune zaka ke kSaharATa prajAmAM teA lekhI zakAya tema che ja nahI. (kha) chatAM mana manAvavA dalIla khAtara-kabUla karI levAya ke te zaka hatA te ema khanavA joga che ke, I. sa. pU. 57 thI I. sa. 103 mAM caNuvaMzIne udaya thayA te vaccenA dADhasA varSanA gALAmAM, zaprajAnA khIne jaththA temanA mULa vatanamAMthI utarI AvyA heAvA joie ema gaNI levuM. (ka) kadAca ema paNu dalIla karAya ke caRNu sivAyanA uttarahiMdanA paradezI rAjAe jevA ke mAjhIjha, ajhIjha, vagere jene ApaNe inDe pArthiana-pahavAjha tarIke oLakhAvyA che tathA kaniSka, huviSNu, vAsudeva Adi ke jemane ApaNe kuzAna tarIke

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- ra76 ] cAra yuemAMthI rANuM baLazrInA saMbaMdhI keNa? [ ekAdazama khaMDa oLakhAvyA che te prajAne, zaka tarIke gaNI levAne naM. 25 vALAe je zakasaMvatano prAraMbha karyo che Azaya hoya te kema? temane uparanI dalIla (a) mAM tene ja uccheda tenI pitAmahI rANI baLazrIe karI jaNAvyA pramANe paNa javAba devAya. uparAMta kahI nAMkhI, 'tenA saMvatanA" ATalAmAM varSe ema na lakhatAM, zakAya ke, te vakhatanI prajA A badhA bheda vadhAre "tenA rAjyakALanA" ATalAmAM varSe evA zabdo samajI zake ke lagabhaga be hajAra varSe thanArA ApaNe lakhAvavAnuM yogya vicAryuM hatuM. bIje kaI hoya te vadhAre samajI zakIe ? (Da) vaLI emane (5havAjho te AvuM vartana kadAca calAvI zake, paNa saMvata pravartaka ane kuzAne no) nAza ja kayAM thayo che. I. sa. rAjA khuda haiyAta hoya, tenI ja hAjarImAM ane pra. pa7 mAM je nAza thaI gayo hota to temane tenI ja vaDavAI-veDavAI to vaDavAI paNa aneka vaMza-pahalvAjhane chele rAjA geDephAranesa I. sa. 45 rAjakAjamAM dIvAdAMDI tarIke AgaLa paDato bhAga sudhI ( juo pu. 3 mAM) ane kuzanavaMzano chelle lenArI ane potAnA ja putra ane pautranI kIrtine rAjA I. sa. aDhIsa sudhI (juo A pAMcamAM pustake) amarapaTo ApanArIrAjamAtAthI AvuM kArya zuM calAvI cAlu ravo dekhAya che, te zuM dekhAya kharo ? A pramANe levAya? ane tethI paNa vadhAre akSamya gaNAya, te pramANe kalpanAthI gabaDAvela goLA sarva ukhaDI javA pAme che.] kAtarAvI zakAya kharuM ke ? A sthiti ja behudI dekhAya (3) kalakano uccheda karyAno yaza te rANI che. matalaba ke naM. 24, 25 vALA yugma sAthe A baLazrIe pitAnA putrane arpaNa karyo che ane je yukti besAravAnuM taddana bemunA saba lekhAya tevuM che. zilAlekhamAM te hakIkta darzAvI che te te teNIe (4) uparanI traNa dalIle zilAlekha AdhAre pitAnA pautranA rAjya 19 mA varSe Ubho karAvyo ApI che. jyAre sikkAI pUrAvA paNa tene samarthana che. ATalI vAta to kharI che ja. have vicAro ke Ape che. nahapANano samaya te I. sa. pU. 114thI A gautamIputra ane vAsidhdhiputravALuM yugma naM 24 nizcita che ja. have jo naM. 17, 18vALuM joDakuM ane 25 mA vALAne che te, ema sAbita thayuM rANIbaLazrInA putra-pautra tarIke lekhIe te. ane lekhavuM paDaze ke, na. 24 vALAnuM parAkrama hatuM ane tenA putrane samaya I. sa. pU. 7ra thI 47 ne te naM. 25 nA samaye teno ullekha karI zilAlekha pUravAra karela che te, baMnenA samayanuM aMtara (nahapAnuM kotarAvAya che. bIjI bAju ema lakhavuM maraNa ane bIjonA udaya) nAnAmAM nAnuM be varSanuM paDe che ke, naM. 24 nA parAkane lIdhe zaka ane vadhAremAM vadhAre (nahapANe yuddha khelAnA samaya saMvata pravartAvyo hato ane te saMvatanI Adi tenA I. sa. pU. 112 TharAvAya che. juo pu. 3 mAM ane maraNanA varSathI-eTale ke naM. 25 nA rAjyAbhiSekathI gautamIputre 19mA varSe harAvyAnuM rANIbaLazrIe gaNavAnuM zarU karavAmAM AvyuM che. je A pramANe lekhAvyuM che ke jene samaya I. sa. pU. 52-3 sthiti hoya to teno artha to ema thayo ke Ave che eTale sikkAo tenA rAjyakALa daramiyAna (2) jema A dalIla I. sa. 78mAM zaka saMvatane sa. pU. 53mAM jaNAvyo che. atranI hakIkata satya samajavI, prAraMbha thayAnI mAnyatA virUddha jAya che, tema naM. 18 kemake i. sa. pU. 57nA yuddhamAM yaza meLavIne tathA zAka vALAe zAlivAhana zaka calAvyAnI virUddha paNa nedhI rAjAne mArI nAMkhIne, zakAri vikramAdityanI madada laI, zakAya tema che. chatAM tema na gaNI zakAya te mATe naM. naM. 17 vALAe saurASTra upara caDAI karI gaNAya ne tyAM ja 18 nA vRttAMte juo. rUSabhadAtta Adine mArI nAMkhI tenA vaMzanuM-zakaprajAnuM (3) naM. 18 ne vRttAMte, A kalaMka bhUMsI nAMkhatuM yuddha nikaMdana kADhI nAMkhyuM gaNAya. Ama karyA bAda nahapANanA i. sa. pU. pa7mAM banyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, jayAre aMta I. sikkA upara pitAnuM mahoruM paDAvyuM che. jethI AvA sikkA

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caturdazama pariccheda ] anya vizeSa mAhitI [ 277 te cAlu rahe ja ane baMdha thAya to paNa 112-para hakIkata eTalI che ke vikrama saMvata ane zakasaMvatanI bAda jatAM) 60 varSanuM Ave che. paraMtu nahapANanA vaccenuM aMtara 135 varSanuM che, temAM vikrama saMvatanI maraNa bAda jabalka te pachI paNa thoDA samaya Adi ApaNe (juo pu. 4, khaMDa 8) I. sa. pU. sudhI te tenA sikkA cAlu rahyA hoya ja; eTale pa7mAM thayAnuM sAbita karI ApyuM che. te hisAbe ke I. sa. pU. 74 athavA 70 nA samayathI I. sa. zakasaMvatanI Adi I. sa. 78mAM gaNI levI rahe. joke pU. 5ra sudhInuM aMtara 10-22 varSanuM ja rahe. A samaya naM. 24, 25 vALAne lAgu paDe che. paraMtu matalaba ke ochAmAM ochuM aMtara be varSanuM ane uparanI je cAra dalIla naM. 17, 18nI tarapheNamAM vadhAremAM vadhAre 20 varSanuM ja gaNI zakAya. have jatI raju karAI che te cAre pAchI A 24, 25nI je naM. 24, 25 vALuM yugma kalaMka nirmULa karanAra virUddha jatI gaNI levI paDaze. uparAMta ema paNa tarIke ane temAMthI naM. 24 ne teNInA putra tarIke kahI zakAze ke zakasaMvatanA sthApaka viSe je mAnyatA lekhIe to tene samaya I. sa. 75 lagabhaga TharAvAya. pravartI rahI che temAMja aneka muzkelIo mAluma eTale ke te benA samayanI vacce aMtara lagabhaga deDha- paDI rahe che jene kAMIka khyAla ApaNe gata paricchede sethI baso varSanuM paDI jaze. bIjI bAju ApaNane ApI cUkyA chIe teno paNa vicAra karavo ja paDaze. sikkAcitrono abhyAsa batAve che ke nahapANanA chatAM evI paNa dalIla lAvI zakAze ke, zAlivAhana caherAvALA sikkA upara gautamIputra zAtakaraNie zakano samaya (gata paricachedamAM vicArAyA pramANe) svahRdayanI tiraskArayukta lAgaNI darzAvavA pitAnuM bhale nakkI na thaI zake; paraMtu te sivAya kAM bIjo ! mahoruM paDAvyuM che. have vicAre ke A pramANe zaka cAlyAnuM gaNI na zakAya? ane tene samaya I. sa. pracalita sikakAcitro upara matadarzana karavAnuM kArya 78mAM TharAvI levAya ? matalaba ke zAlivAhana zaka je 2 thI 20 varSa jeTale gALo hoya te banavA- paNa judo ane I. sa. 78ne zaka paNa jude TharAvo. yogya che ke deDhA baso varSanA aMtaragALe zakya A bAbata vizeSa saMzodhanathI je niveDo Ave te kharo. che? doDhaso baso varSanA gALe te nahapAnA sikkAo ApaNe te A pramANe sUcanA karIne atra aTakIzuM. paNa tenA ja vaMzanI rAjahakamata cAlu rahI hoya A vaMzamAM jema aneka gaiAtamIputro ane vAsiddhite, evA adazya thaI gayA hoya ke game teTalI putro thavAthI muzkelIo ubhI thaI che, tema vaLI mahenata karyA chatAMe maLavA durlabha thaI paDe. tAtparya kAIkanI sAthe temaja taddana e che ke sikkAI purAvAthI paNa siddha thaI zake anya vizeSa ekAkI, pulumAvI zabda joDAela che ke naM. 17, 18vALA yugmanI sAthe ja rANI mAhitI hovAthI temAM vRddhi paNa thavA baLazrIne saMbaMdha hoI zake. pAmI che, tema keTalIka saraLatA upara pramANe cAra dalIla naM. 24, 25nA paNa thaI che ema svIkAravuM rahe che. A paratvene ullekha yugmanI virUddha janArI dekhAya che. jyAre eka ja gata paricchedamAM ApaNe karI gayA chIe. atyAre lIla tenI tarapheNamAM amArI najaramAM Ave tyAM sudhI ATalA varSe paNa jyAre A sthiti pravartI rahI Deka aMze paNa raju karI zakAya tevI che. sarvamAnya che tyAre, pUrve 50-75 varSe te tethI paNa vadhAre saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI maLI AvatA kahevAya; bIjI thAya che ke kalaMka bhUMsI nAMkhavAnuM kArya saurASTranI bhUmi upara hakIkata ema che ke, A jIta naM. 17 vALAnA ogaNIsamA rUSabhadAttanA vaMzajone harAvavAthI thayuM che ane tene samaya I. varSe che, tenuM rAjya 25 varSa cAlI i. sa. pU. 47mAM pUruM sa. pU. 52-3 gaNo rahe che (juo pu.3, pariccheda 10). thAya che te hisAbe paNa sAla maLatI Ave che. eTale cokkasa (4) juo pu. 4, pR. 101

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278 ] anya vizeSa mAhitI [ ekAdazama khaMDa guMcavaNabharI sthiti hovAnuM pa kalpI zakAya che. A maitamIputra yajJazrIne pitA jANa; athavA ApaNe catrapaNuM ane tenA putra gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi je niyama karyo che ke gatamIputrano pitA vAsiddhivize pitAnuM maMtavya darzAvatAM I. sa. 1883 nA putra sAmAnya rIte hoya che, te AdhAre ema kahI InDIyana enTIkarI pu. 12, pR. 272mAM marahuma zakAze ke catura paNa vAsidhdhiputra zAlivAhana te pitA, prAcyavidyAvizArada Do. bhagavAnalAlajI kahe che ke ane gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi te putra; athavA Yagna Shree Satkarni, the princely bIjI rIte goThavIne belIe to A catura5Nane AMka scion or Chaturpana born of the jyAre ApaNe ne. 25 no TharAvyo che tyAre gaiAtamIGautamiqueen=caturapaNu (rAjA) nI gautamI putra yajJazrIne AMka 26 me kahevo paDaze. vaLI TolemI (gotrI) rANInA peTe janmela kuMvara yajJazrI zAta- (Ptolemy) nAmanA prAcIna bhUgoLavettAe pitAnA karaNi"; eTale temanuM kahevuM ema thAya che ke, catuSaNa- samasamI tarIke e pulumAvI ane cakkaNano ullekha catrapaNe rAjAne gautamIgotrI rANI hatI, ane karyo che. teNe Apela vRttAMta uparathI Do. myulare teNIno je putra te ja gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi A pulumAvIne ja catrapaNuM hovAnuM ane caNDaNanA hato. eTale ke catrapaNa pitA ane yajJazrI tene samakAlIna tarIke gaNavAnuM munAsiba dhAratAM jaNAvyuM che putra; AmAMnA catrapaNu zabda upara De. khulhare ke "Under the circumstances the synTIkA karatAM ( juo te ja pRSTha phUTanoTa naM. 1 ) chronism, Pulumavi and Chasthana. orelloj B, "Bhagwanlal's translation were contemporary rulers, which I am Chaturpana does not seem to me prepared to admit, cannot be made acceptable. It is very probable that the basis of chronology=92gfald the word "Chaurchindho or Chaur- nihALatAM, pulumAvI ane ca9Nane samakAlIna gaNavindho" which Hemchandra in his vyA che te hakIkata mAre kabUla che, paraMtu te uparathI Deshikosha mentions as a synonym tene samayanI tAravaNI ubhI karI zakAya nahIM." toll of Salahana denotes the same person= matalaba ke pote TelemInA vAkaya upara bharose rAkhIne De. bhagavAnalAlano anuvAda catura paNa mane mAnya nathI. pulumAvIne ane cakaNune samakAlina lekhavA taiyAra te zabda cauracidho athavA cAraviMdho vizeSapaNe hovAnuM che paraMtu te bannene samaya (eTale cakaNane I. sa. saMbhavita lAge che, jene hemacaMdra potAnA dezIkASamAM 150 AsapAsamAM thayela vidvAno mAne che te) zAlahANanuM bIjuM nAma hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che te ja A temane svIkArya nathI; kemake temaNe to AvAja nAmavyakti lAge che." eTale ke 5. bhagavAnalAlajIe je dhArI anya bhUpatine lipinA abhyAsathI ca9NanA zabdano ukela caturpaNa karyo che te DaoN. khullaranA samaya karatAM judA ja samaye thayAnuM TharAvyuM che mate coracidhe ke cairaviMdhe che. zrI hemacaMdra pitAnA (juo paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 4, 5, I) eTale zabdakeSamAM zAlAhaNa (zAlivAhana joIe) tarIke svAbhAvika che ke te pulumAvInA samakAlina tarIke je purUSane darzAvyo che te ja A purUSa hovAnuM teo caTTaNa na ja AvI zake. ane teTalA mATe ja temaNe mAne che. tAtparya e thayo ke zAlivAhana ne cAra- TolemInuM aDadhu kathana vAjabI TharAvyuM che jyAre aDadhuM ci tarIke zrIhemacaMdra saMbo che te ja A vizvAsapAtra nathI gayuM. paraMtu ApaNe saMgAnusAra (5) A sthiti paMcama paricchede lekha naM 4 nA varNana dhArI levAyo che. uparathI jaNAI Avaze ke ekane badale bIjo kevI rIte (6) jue che. e. pu. 12 (sane 1883) pR. 274.

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caturdazama pariccheda ] gabhIla ane zatavahananA saMbaMdha vize [ 27, kalpanA deDAvIne je anumAna bAMdhIe tenA karatAM eka karatAM vizeSa pulumAvI thayAnuM na dhAravAthI lipi je graMthakAre pitAnA samakAlina tarIke amuka vyakti ukelane lIdhe muMjhavaNa thaI hatI, tema che. resanane tathA hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che te baMne eka ja vakhate temanA mata peThe ca9NavaMzInA saMvatane, I. sa. 78mAM astitva dharAvatA hovAthI tenuM kathana vadhAre vaja- zarU thayAnuM, sarva vidvAne je atyAre mAnI rahyA nadAra gaNAvuM joIe. te sAmAnya niyame je ApaNe che temane paNa, te ja prakAranI muMjhavaNa thaI rahe che. kAma levAnuM dhoraNa rAkhIe te tarata ja jaNAI kAraNake ca9NanuM maraNa tenA saMvatanA bAvana varSanI Ave che ke eka ja pulumAvI thayo hevAne badale AsapAsa eTale 7815ra=I. sa. 130mAM thayAnuM vizeSa pulumAvI kAM na thayA hoya ? ane temAMne anya teo mAne che. paraMtu pu. 4 mAM ApaNe ca9Na saMvatanI pulumAvI caTTaNanA samakAlina tarIke thayo na hoya ? Adi I. sa. 103mAM thayAnuM je sAbita karI Ama karatAM tarataja sarva prakAre dareka dhaDa maLI jAya che. batAvyuM che te pramANe hisAba gaNAze to caSaNa ane TelemInuM AkhuM ye kathana satya hovAnI pratIti I. sa. 52+103=155 AsapAsa maraNa pAmele thAya che. De. repsane paNa te ja pramANe abhiprAya gaNAze, jethI TolemIne samakAlina hovAnuM saheje vyakta karatAM jaNAve che ke9 "Ptolemy at Ale- pUravAra thaI jAya che. ATalA vivAdathI sAbita thaI xandria in 139 A. D. has been living gayuM ke, catrapaNu vAsiddhiputra zatakaNinI pAchaLa after the death of Antonius Pius (161 gAdIe AvanAra tene putra gautamIputra yajJazrI puluA. D.)...Pulumavi & Chasthan were mAvI hato ane vizeSamAM te pulumAvI, Tolemo tathA contemporaries=je TolemI alekajhAMDIA zahe- caSmaNano samakAlina paNa hato. ramAM I. sa. 139mAM hato, te enToniyasa pAyasa ApaNe joI gayA chIe ke zaka prajAe arva(jeno samaya I. sa. 161 che)nA maraNa bAda paNa tipati gardabhIla rAjA gaMdharvasenane harAvI nasADI haiyAta hato. pulumAvI ane cakaNu samakAlina ja mUke tyAre tenA putro madada hatA." eTale ke TelemI pote 139 thI 161 sudhI gaIbhIla ane mATe dakSiNamAM pratiSThAnapura gayA ane te bAda paNa (keTalo vakhata te nathI jaNAvyuM) zatavahananA hatA. tyAMthI madada laIne, vaLato haiyAta hatuM tathA te ane cakaNu samakAlinapaNe vartatA saMbaMdha vize humale karI kArUra mukAme te ja hatA. A vAkayathI eTaluM spaSTa thAya che ke cakaNano zakaprajAno kaccaraghANa vALI samaya paNa lagabhaga I. sa. 139 thI 162 sudhImAM nAMkhyo hate. A badhA uparathI phalita thAya che ke, koIka kALe ja hovo joIe. nahIM te TolemI gaIbhIlavaMzIone AMdhrapati sAthe ghaNI ja mitratA cakaNune pitAnA samasamI tarIke oLakhAvI zake ja hovI joIe. tyAra bAda rAjA hAla vAsiddhiputre nahIM; temaja ja. ba. buM. re. e. so. navI AvRtti bhisA mukAme kAMI dAna karyAnI hakIkata banI che 5. 3, pR. 48mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "We shall tathA jainasAhitya graMthAdhAre saurASTranA zatruMjaya have to place Pulumavi who was a parvata upara bane rAjavaMzIoe sAthe rahIne keTalAMka contemporary of Chasthana long after dhArmika kAryo karAvyAM che. eTale je mitratA prathama A. D. 130=je pulumAvIne caSaNane samakAlina hatI te kALakrame vizeSa gADha paNe pariNamI hatI. gayo che teno samaya I. sa. 130nI pachI ghaNe chatAM prabhAvaka caritra nAme jainasAhitya prasthamAM dara laI javo paDaze." eTale jema Do. byulaharane evI jAtanuM lakhANa maLI Ave che ke, kALa gaye (7)ke. Ara. pAri. 48 tathA chaThThA pari. e lekha naM. 23.

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280 ] gadaMbhIla ane zatavahananA saMbaMdha vize [ ekAdazama khaMDa vikrama rAjAne evI bAtamI koIe ApI hatI ke paraMtu mitrAcArI je pAchaLathI baMdhAI hoya te ene tene je kaMI paNa rAjA taraphane bhaya hoya te kevaLa artha ema karI zakAya ke, rAjA zakArine je madada rAjA hAla zAlivAhanano che. ane A rAjA hAlanI naM. 17 vALA ariSTakarNa gautamIputra (eTale umara te vakhate ugatI juvAnInI-bake bAra tera naM. 18 nA purogAmIe) karI hatI te pAchaLathI varSanI hovAnuM samajAya che. A uparathI vikrama tUTI javA pAmI hatI ane pharI ekavAra rAjA hAlanA rAjAe te zAlivAhana rAjA sAthe yuktithI dastI rAjyakALa saMdhAI hatI. A pramANe banyAno kyAMya sAdhI lIdhI ane eka bIjAe kAInA rAjya upara isAre mAtra paNa thayo hovAnuM vAMcavAmAM AvatuM AkramaNa na karavuM tathA avaMtipatie viMdhyAparvatanI nathI. je ke rAjaya dhUrAvahanamAM tevuM asaMbhavita paNa dakSiNe na javuM ane AMdhrapatie tenI uttaramAM na nathI. paraMtu vicArI jotAM tema banyAnuM zakya nathI, AvavuM, evI matalabanI saMdhI karI. A kathanathI be kemake . 17 nuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 47 mAM thayuM sthiti niSpanna thAya che. eka e ke, rAjA vikrama tyAM sudhI te baMne rAjavaMzI vacce mitrAcArImAM leza ane hAlanI vacce umaramAM ghaNo moTo taphAvata che. mAtra paNa khalela pahoMcyAnuM kalpI zakAtuM nathI ane pahelAnI umara lagabhaga 40 upara varSanI thaI gaI te bAda taratamAM ja hAla rAjAnuM gAdIpati banavuM thayuM che, jyAre bIje haju bAra tera varSano kizora che; che. jyAre peluM bhaviSyakathana-be rAjya vacce athaDAte bAda rAjA hAla gAdIpati bane che ane te bAda, maNa thavAnuM-te rAjA hAla gAdIpati banyo te upara pramANe saMdhi karI teo paraspara mitra bane pahelAnuM kahevAya che. eTale te vAta naM. 17 vALAnI che. ane bIjI e ke rAjA hAlanI sAthe saMdhI kara- jIvaMta avasthAmAM thaI gaNAya jema thavuM azakaya che. nAra vikramarAjA je kArinA nAmathI prasiddha che, te kemake, eka te rAjA hAlanI kumArAvasthA hatI eTale nahIM paNa tenA vaMzane kaI bIje ja vikrama haze. avaMtipatine bhayabhIta kare tevI sthitimAM te nahote A bemAMthI zuM sAcuM hoI zake te tapAsIe. prathamanI ane tema hoya te paNa naM. 17 vALA naM. 18 sthiti tapAsI laIe. temAM jaNAvyA pramANe vikrama vALAne te bAbatanI sUcanA ApI zake che ane naM. rAjAnI tathA hAlanI vaccenI umara vacce ghaNo phera to, 18 vALe te pramANe vartavAne baMdhAyelA ja kahevAya. A te vikramane zakAri vikramAditya letAM paNa maLI rahe che. pramANe pahelo saMga vicAratAM tathA vastusthitinI kemake I. sa. pU. 57 mAM kArUnuM yuddha thayuM te samaye tulanA karatAM rAjA hAla vizenI athaDAmaNuM thavAnuM zakAri vikramanI umara Azare 24 varSanI che ane kathana vAjabI hovAnuM pUravAra thatuM nathI. have bIjI tenI madadamAM utaranAra gautamIputra ariSTakarNanI umara sthiti jemAM gadaMbhIlavaMzI kaI bIjo vikrama thayo hoya Azare 40 nI che (juo ekAdazama pariccheda). ne tenA samakAlina tarIke rAjA hAla thayA hoya te jyAre rAjA hAlanI eka gaNatrIe 15 varSanI ane tapAsIe. bIjA vikrama tarIke te vikramacaritra che. bIjI gaNatrIe traNa cAra varSanI ja che (juo dvAdaza tene samaya ApaNe I. sa. 53 thI 93 ne TharAvyo paricacheda). eTale bane samakAlina che ja. vaLI rAjA che jyAre rAjA hAlanuM maraNa ja I. sa. 18 mAM zakAri jyAre I. sa. 3 mAM 84 varSanI umare maraNa thaI gayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. eTale prAthamika najare jotAM pAmyo che te samaye rAja hAlanI umara lagabhaga 60nI te be vacce samakAlinapaNuM kaI rIte ghaTAvI ane tene rAjyakALa lagabhaga 50 varSa pahoMcyo hato. zakAtuM nathI. vaLI je pAMca cha mahAna vyaktioeTale rAjA tarIke paNa samakAlina che ja. te ja pAdalipta, Arya khapUTa, nAgArjuna, I. juo ekAdazama pramANe jIMdagImAM teoe karela anya kAryomAM eka- paricchede-samasamI hovAnuM te ja jainasAhitya graMtha bIjA sAmela rahyA hovAnuM paNa sAbita thaI zake che. prabhAvakacaritra AdhAre kahevAyuM che. te muddo paNa

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caturdazama pariccheda ] gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi uphe pulumAvI [ ra81 baMdhabesata thatuM nathI. A pramANe aneka rIte gujarAta ane saurASTranA prAMtane paNa samAveza vicArI jotAM bIjI sthitine paNa meLa jAmI zakatA thatA hatA ema gaNavuM rahe che. tathA tenuM maraNa I. sa. nathI. eTale e sAra upara AvavuM rahe che ke, 122 mAM thatAM, tene putra gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtabhaviSyavANInuM kathana nirAdhAra dekhAya che. karaNi gAdIe Avyo tyAre te sarva prAMta tene uparanI carcAthI spaSTapaNe pUravAra thAya che ke, vArasAmAM maLyA hatA. ema paNa samajavuM rahe che. AMdhrapati naM. 17 tathA 18 nA rAjyakALa sudhI te (26) gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaraNa gardabha prakhara mitrAcArInI sAMkaLathI joDAyelA hatA. ura pulumAvI tema te nabhAvyuM paNa jatA hatA. sAmAnya niyama tenuM rAjya ApaNuM gaNatrI pramANe I. sa. pramANe te khAsa kAraNa upasthita na thAya tyAM sudhI 122 thI 157=31 varSa paryata cAlyuM hovAnuM nIkaLe mitrAcArImAM vikSepa paDatuM nathI ja, paraMtu rAjya che. teNe lAMbu rAjya bhogavyuM che eTale baLavAna vacce te sattAlobha tathA bhUmibhUkhanA uddabhavano hAu hovAnuM paNa mAnI zakAya. paraMtu teNe koI pradeza upara satata DAyiAM karate ubho ja hoya che. eTale jyAM caDAI laI jaIne ke chatI karIne pitAnA sAmrAjyamAM sudhI baMne pradeza upara parAkramI ane prabhAvazALI pitAnA pitAnI peThe kAMI umero karyo hovAnuM purUSe rAjayAsana dIpAvatA rahyA hatA tyAM sudhI to noMdhAyuM jaNAtuM nathI. baje vArasAmAM maLelI keTakaI prakAre vAMdho Avyo nahIM. paraMtu sadAkALa te ja lIka bhUmi teNe gumAvavI paDI hoya ema saMgAsthiti cAlu rahevAnuM nirmANa kAMI sarajAyuM hatuM dhIna pUravAra thAya che. chaThThA paricchede lekha naM. 21, nathI. je pakSa vadhAre baLavAna hoya te nabaLA upara 22 ane 23 uparathI samajAya che ke teNe potAnA caDAI laI jAya che. I. sa. 93 mAM vikramacaritranA nAma sAthe 'svAmI' zabda joDayo che. tenA pachInA koI avasAna bAda atinI gAdI upara uttarottara nAma- rAjAe A zabda-upanAma ke birUda tarIke-lagADayo dhArI rAjAo ja AvatA dekhAya che, jyAre dakSiNa- hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. A zabdano artha zuM pathapati tarIke naM. 23, 24, 25 ane 26 ema haze temaja tene kaI rAjadvArI prasaMga sAthe meLa cAre bhUpatio cirasamayI rAjapade cUMTI rahyAnuM haze ke kema te 5NuM prazna uThe che. guptavaMzIonA samajAya che. eTale samajAya che ke I. sa. 93 nA hAthe hAra pAmyA bAda, cazvavaMzIonA uttara bhAgamAM samaya pachI rAjyAdhikAra bhogavatA naM. 25 vALA thaela bhUpationA itihAsathI ApaNe joI zakayA citrapaNanI dADha kAMIka caLavaLI lAge che. teNe prathama chIe, ke temaNe paNa pitAnA nAma sAthe svAmI' viMdhyAparvata oLaMgI, lATano dakSiNa bhAga kabaje karI zabdane upayoga karyo che, ane tene artha ekadama chevaTe saurASTra upara prabhutva meLavI lIdhuM che jene uccakeTinI sattA uparathI ja utarI paDayAno samaya ApaNe I. sa. 105 no aMdAja mUkIzuM. ApaNe batAvyo che. te sthiti atre baMdhabesatI A anumAnane sIdhI rIte (direct) samarthana kare thAya che ke kema te tapAsavA tarapha mana lalacAya che, tevo koI zilAlekha ke groccAra che ke maLatA vaLI A ja samaye avaMti upara ca9NanuM pitAnuM nathI, paraMtu sApekSa (indirect) sikkAI temaja svAmitva jAmatuM jatuM dekhAya che. tema gautamIputra zilAlekha pUrAvAthI te hakIkata pUravAra karI zakAya yajJazrInA keTalAka sikakAo saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI tema che, je ApaNe naM. 26 nA vRttAMte jaNAvavAnA je prApta thayA che te dekhAve prAcIna karatAM chIe. rAjA catrapaNe saurASTra jItI lIdhA pachI arvAcIna havAne vizeSa saMbhava jaNAya che. vaLI karacha tarapha te AgaLa vadhyo hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. jema cakaNavaMzIo jaina dharmAvalaMbIo pUravAra thaI eTale na. 25 nA rAjyAdhikAre dakSiNApatha uparAMta cUkayA che tema A AMdhravaMzIo paNa te ja dharmane

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282 ] te nAmanA rAjAonA sikkAo tathA lekha [ ekAdazama khaMDa 1Ika karo anusaranArA mAluma paDayA che. vaLI saurASTranI bhUmi gautamIputra nAmanA ghaNA rAjAo thaI gayA che. upara ja te jainadharmanAM pavitra sthaLo AvelAM che tevA nAmanA sikakAo tathA zilAlekho paNa aneka temaja te samaye rAjAo je yuddho khelatA te moTe prakAranA maLI Ave che. temAMnA bhAge dharmasthaLa upara pitAno kAbu meLavavAne mATe te nAmanA rAjA. keTalAka sikkAone-gautamI hatA. A sarve paristhiti uparathI sahaja anumAna enA sikkAo putra yajJazrI zAtakaraNi nAmathaI zake che, ke rAjA cappaNe I. sa. 143nI AsapAsa tathA lekho vALAne-ApaNe naM. 2nA avaMtipati banyA pachI saurASTra bhUmi upara caDAI karI TharAvyA che te te vAjabI che. haze. ane AMdhrapati pAsethI gujarAta tathA saurASTrano kemake temAM maitamIputra sAthe rAjJo nuM birUda joDAyeluM tI laI tyAMthI hAMkI kADhayA haze. je uparathI che. temaja zilAlekhamAM (jemake naM. 20 lekha, AMdhrapatione kAbu narmadA ane tApI nadIonI SaSThama paricchede) tAbedArI ke utarate darajajo dakSiNethI zarUAta thavAnI aNIe AvI pahoMcyo sUcavatuM "svAmI " nuM (khulAsA mATe AgaLa gaNAze. temaja rAjadvArI najare teo hAra pAmI gayA juo) birUda lagADela nahIM hovAthI te lekhane paNa hovAthI ke pachI te samayanI keAI paddhati pramANe naM. 2 na hovAnuM TharAvyuM che. A upanAma anya avaMtine khaMDaNI bharavA jevI sthitie AvI gayA koI gautamIputre pitA sAthe joDayuM hovAnuM mAluma hovAthI, temane pitAnA nAma sAthe pele hodo utArI paDatuM nathI. paraMtu jemAM tevuM birUda nathI mAluma nAMkhela sUcavate "svAmI' zabda joDavAnI pharaja AvI paDatuM tene pArakhavAnuM kAma ati muzkela che, tevAmAM paDI hoya. A anumAnane samarthana e uparathI maLI rahe paNa eka evI jAtanA sikkAo che ke jemAM che ke, ja. che. . je. e. so.nI navI AvRttinA prathamanA nahapAnA caherA upara bIjI jAtanI chApa trIjA pustake pu. 84 upara tenA lekhakane jaNAvavuM mArI che. A sikkAo paNa cakkasa rIte naM. 17 paDayuM che ke "and since Yagna Sri's coins vALA gautamIputranA ja TheravI zakAya tema che; kemake are found in Kathiawar he must have have ApaNe tenA jIvanavRttAMtathI vAkepha thaI gayA been the last king of the dynasty to chIe. parantu je sikkAo upara gautamIputrane kevaLa rule over these provinces=ane jyAre mahAruM tathA nAma ja che ane je vizeSa paNe arvAcIna yajJazrInA sikkAo kAThiyAvADamAMthI maLI Ave che jevA jaNAya che (dRSTAMta tarIke pu. 2,sikko naM 76) temane tyAre e sAbita thAya che ke, A prAMte upara rAja adyApi paryata mAhitInA abhAve ApaNe naM. 17 nA calAvanAra te vaMzane te chello bhUpati ja haze." sikkA tarIke jAhera karyA che te have uparanA varNanathI eTale have pUravAra thayuM kahevAze ke AMdhanI sattA- sAbita thAya che ke naM 26nA ja che; jethI atyAra mAMthI khasIne cahnaNanI sattAtaLe A samayathI sudhInI ApaNI mAnyatA pheravavAnI jarUra paDI gaNAze. gujarAta ane koThiyAvADanI bhUmi AvI gaI hatI. A jAtanA sikkAe kevaLa saurASTranI bhUmi uparathI matalaba ke AMdravaMzIonI je sattA vidhyAcaLa ja zA mATe jaDI Ave che tenuM kAraNa ApaNe eALagIne uttaradimAM pravezavA pAmI hatI tenA uparamAM naM. 25 vALAnA jIvanavRttAMte joI gayA upara cappaNe avaMtipati banyA pachI tarata ja kA5 chIe. vaLI karIne jaNAvIzuM ke te bhUmi upara mUkavA mAMDayo hato. badake kaho ke AMdhrapationI mULe gabhIlapationI sattA hatI ane temaNe pitAnA rAjyahada, pUrve jyAM hatI tyAM ja pAchI lAvI mUkI jainadharmanA prabhAvika sthAnanI yAtrika temaja sthAnika hatI ane AgaLa upara jaIzuM tema A samayathI prajAnA vyavahAranI vaparAza mATe ja te sikkAo AMdhrapationI paDatI dazA paNa thavA beThI hatI. calaNamAM mUkyA hovA joIe. tema pote avaMtipati

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tyAre vana lIdhe sima' nuM temaja - kayA te catudazama pariccheda ] aMtima AMdhrapatie [ ra83 hevAthI, te pradezanuM "kosa ane la" nuM . thaI jAya. eTale sAco kayo ne beTa kayo te ( vedhazALA sUcaka ) je cinha che te ' paNa temAM oLakhavuM paNa muzkela bane temaja vikrayanA je ketarAveluM dekhAya che. jyAre te saurASTrane niyamane lIdhe sikkAne pracalita karAyo che te UMdhe prAMta naM. 25 vALA catrapaNe jItI lIdho tyAre vaLI jatAM, dareka prakAranI aMdhAdhuMdhI pravartavA maMDe. svAbhAvika che ke teNe potAnA sikkA tyAM calAvavAnI A prakAranI aneka guMcavaNanI paraMparAnuM sarjana peravI karavA mAMDI haze. te prakAranI goThavaNa pAra thAya. tema bIjI rIte, ApaNe vartamAna anubhava paDI ke kema te atyAre to aMdhArAmAM che kemake tenA kahe che ke, ekanI sattA nAbuda thatAM adhikAre AvatA kei sikkA jaDI AvatA nathI. eTale hAla te kevaLa bIjAnA caherAvALA ja sikakA gatimAM mUkAya e ja anumAna karavuM rahe che ke tenI murAda pAra paDayA che. pachI te navA adhikAre AvatI vyakti, puropahelAM tene maraNa nIpajI cUkayuM hovuM joIe. eTale gAmInA vaMzanI ja hoya, ke kaI prakAre saMbaMdha dharAvyA tema karavAnuM kArya tenA putra ane gAdIvArasa naM. 26nA vinAnI kevaLa te bhUminI pedAza ja hoya, ke chevaTe zire AvI paDayuM haze je teNe amalamAM mUkI batAvyuM bhalene, kaI tRtrIya bhUmithI utarI AvelI anya che. koI prazna karaze ke jyAre eka vaMzanA bhUpatinI vyakti ja hoya. chatAM temAM ekanI AkRti vikata jamIna upara bIjA vaMzanI sattA thatAM A pramANe karI nAMkhavAne leza mAtra paNa prayAsa karato nathI ja, sikkAo vaparAya che tyAre, jema nahapAnA mahera eTale sarva paristhitino vicAra karyA bAda ApaNe upara naM. 17 vALAe pAchuM pitAnuM mahoruM paDAvIne ke prathama dorela anumAnane samarthana maLI rahe che ja, jethI tene amalamAM mUkyA hatA tema thavuM joIe. paraMtu nakkIpaNe kahI zakIzuM ke, je sikkAo sairASTranI A naM. 26 vALAe tema karyuM nathI mATe te sikkA temanA bhUmi uparathI maitamIputranA nAmavALA ane arvAcIna na hovA joIe. tenA samAdhAnamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke jeno dekhAtA caherAvALA maLI Ave che te, uparamAM daSTAMta temaNe AgaLa dharyo che te kAMI eka pradeza carcA karI batAvela na. 26 vALAnA ja ane tyAM upara bIjAnI sattA thatAM, sikkAnI vaparAza thayelanA jaNAvyA pramANe saMgamAM ja ubhA karavAmAM Avela che. dRSTAMta ja nathI. temAM te vijetAnA hRdayamAM, parAjIta rAjA gautamIputra svAmI yajJazrInuM maraNa thatAM pratye je uDe asaMteSa athavA tiraskAra bharAI tenI gAdIe tene putra naM. 27 vALA zivazrI rahyo hato tene vyakta karatI lAgaNIne AvirbhAva vAsiddhiputra Avyo hato. che. jyAre atyAre je prasaMgane ApaNe isAre karI rahyA chIe temAM vijetA pakSane te kaI (ra7) zIvathI vAsiSiputra, (28) zivarka prakArane dhRNAtmaka IrAdo hoya tevuM jaNAvela nathI. gautamIputra (29) yajJazrI zAtakaraNi vAsiSiputra temAM kevaLa prAdezika chatane ja prazna rahela dekhAya (30 thI 3ra) ane chellA traNa rAjAo che, eTale uparAuparI mahoruM pADavAno muddo rahete ja nathI; vaLI je te niyama ja-ke eka vijetAe A chae rAjAonuM caritra ekatra karIne parAjItanA caherAne bhUMsavAne pitAne cahere tenA lakhavAnuM prayojana e che ke, prathama te temAMnA keAInA upara ja paDAvavo evuM-TharAvAya te, eka pradeza upara rAjakALa vize cokkasa mAhitI maLatI nathI tema temAMnA keTalAya nRpationI sattAno hAthabadalo thaI jAya keie zuM zuM parAkrama karyuM hatuM te paNa jaNAyuM nathI che; jethI uparanA niyamane anusarIne caherA paDAvAyA ja eTale teonAM caritramAMthI - vINIne keAine chUTuM karAya te, eka te sikkAo ja dekhAve beDeLa banI pADavA jevuM rahetuM nathI, jethI samagrapaNe lakhavuM jAya ane kayA rAjAnA che te pArakhavA paNa bhAre yogya dhAryuM che.

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284 ] aMtima jema anya vaMzanA itihAsamAM banatuM AvyuM che ke jyAre paDatI dazA Ave tyAre kAMI eka taraphathI nathI AvatI. Miseries never come single 'akarmInA paDI kANAM' te kahevata pramANe cAre taraphathI evI saMkaDAmaNamAM tee AvI paDe che ane rAjyavyavasthAmAM eTalA badhA goTALA ane aMdhAdhUMdhI ubhI thaI jAya che ke, zAMtinA samayamAM je sukhA anubhavAya che temAMnuM kAMi ja najare paDatuM nathI. AvI sthitimAM, nathI tene sukhacena, krU nathI temanI prajAne AnaMda ane rAhata. jyAre temanI sthiti ja AvI thaI paDela heAya tyAM temanA itihAsa vize te| AzA ja zI rAkhavI? AMdhrapati [ ekAdazama khaDa naM. 25, 26nA vRttAMte joI gayA chIe ke temanI dazA ANunAra mukhyapaNe caNu vaMzI ja hatA. prathama dhA caNe poteja mAryA che te temane uttara hiMdamAMthI khasI javuM paDayuM che. joke eka ThekANe ApaNe ema paNa jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke caNe temane paiThaNumAMthI rAjagAdI khAlI karI TheTha dakSiNamAM tuMgabhadrA nadI kinAre vijayanagare te lai javAnI pharaja paDI hatI. tema eka ThekANe ema paNa jaNAvyuM che ke, rUdradAmane temanA upara pUrepUrA hAtha batAvyA hatA. A badhuM pelA sudarzana taLAvanI prazastimAM lakhAyala zabdonA artha, rUdradAmananI tarapheNamAM je karAI gayA che tene laine thayela che. eTale te pramANe pracalita mAnyatA che ema samajavuM rahe che. jyAre A caSNu ane rUdradAmananAM vRttAtamAM te prazastine zaMkAmaya tarIke oLakhAvI che tyAre te upara AdhAra rAkhIne have esI zakAze nahIM. tethI nizrayapaNe nathI kahI zakatA RNane badale rUdradAmanane ja AbhArI heAvuM joie. parantu vinAsaMkrAce te pramANe uccArI zakAya tevI sAmagrI maLI rahI nathI. uparanA sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti sivAya, A rUdradAmananuM nAma jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM hAya tevA kAI zilAlekha amArI mAhItImAM nathI. je eka gaNAya che te paMcama paricchede jaNAvela lekha naM. 17nA kAI vAsiSThaputra rAjAnI kadaMba rANInA kAtarAvela che. paraMtu temAM nathI samaya nirdeza ke nathI tenuM sthAna cAkkasa thatuM. te paNa sudaCna lekhanI paiThe sazaMka che. vidvAnee te lekhamAM Avela rUdra- zabdane rUdradAmana tarIke gaNI laI khIjI aneka rIte zabdAnA arthane vaLAMka ApyA che tenI samajutI mATe jIe paMcama paricchede lekha naM. 17) eTale tenA AdhAre paNa ApaNe AgaLa vadhI zakIe tema nathI. paraMtu jema naM. 17vALAe peAtAnA nAma sAthe svAmInuM birUda joDayuM che tema tenI pAchaLa AvanArAe joDayuM che ke kema ! tene kAMIka patto lAge teA haju anumAna karI zakAya. jyAM sudhI mAhitI che tyAM sudhI tevA zabda lagADayAnA pUrAve nathI. eTale mAnavuM rahe che ke, naM. 27nI pachI AvanAra rAjAe uparanA atipatine kAjI paNa nIkaLI gaye| hAvA joie. eTale kRlitArtha e thAya ke, kAMte rUdradAmane naM. ra7vALA upara jIta meLavIne, naM. 17 kanDerInA tenA lekhavALA sthAnanI dakSiNe haThAvI devAthI tevaDA nAnakaDA rAjyane bhrapati banIne teNe peAtAnA zeSakALa vyatita karyAM hAya athavA teA naM. 2vALAe peAte ja rUdradAmanane harAvIne naM. 26vALA peAtAnA pitAe vIkAreluM svAmitva pheMkI dIdhuM haeNAya. ke, caNe je naM. 26 vALAne saurASTra ane guja-vastusthiti jotAM, jyAre AMdhrapatinI paDatI thavA rAtamAMthI uDAM'gira pakaDAvI hatI te kayAM AvIne aTakI rahI hatI. parantu caNunA rAjyanA TUMka samayamAM ja aMta Avela che tathA tenI gAdIe tene pautra dradAmana AvyA che ane bahu lAMkhe|kALa rAjya bhAgavI rahyo che, eTale kalpI zakAya che ke, jo kAI vizeSa zUravIrapaNAnuM pagaluM bharIne AMdhra-thADA ja varSe patione dUra huThI javAnI pharaja pADI heAya tA lAgI che tyAre prathamanI sthiti vadhAre zakaya lAge che. matalaba e thai ke, caNuvaMzImAMnA naM. 3vALA rUdradAmane, naM 27 vALA AMdhrapatine harAvIne dakSiNamAM haeNDI javAnI pharaja pADI hAvI joie. A hakIkatane samana e vAtathI maLe che ke, rUdradAmana pachInA thayela naM. vALA tenA vaMzajonA samaye I. sa. 261mAM A nAsika jalA upara hakumata

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catudazama pariccheda ] keTalIka paracuraNa bAbate [ 285 bhogavato temane sube Izvaradatta Abhira mahAkSatrapa re. pR. 162 ane 133). jyAre ApaNe nakkI karI banIne svataMtra thaI beThe che (juo pu. 3, pR. 383-6) ApyA pramANe te cappaNu saMvatanI Adi I. sa. eTale sAbita thAya che ke tuM. vALA rUdradAmanathI 103mAM thayelanA hisAbe tene samaya i. sa. 261mAMDIne na. 9tA rAye I. sa. 261 sudhImAM tenA 264 TharAvatAM sarva dhA besI jAya che. eTale upara vaMzamAM thayela keI rAjavIe keIka kALe nAsika jaNAvela vastu aitihAsika ghaTanA tarIke satya jIllAvALo (karInA lekha jyAM Avela che te) pradeza pUravAra thayelI tathA I. sa. ra6ramAM AMdhavaMzane aMta jItI lIdho hovo joIe ja; ane te badhA kSatrapamAM Avyo hovAnuM samajavuM rahe che. rUdradAmana je kaI parAkramI nIvaDyAnuM nIkaLatuM nathI lekha naM. 17mAM kaIka vAsiddhiputranI rANIne eTale A jItano yaza ApaNe rUdradAmananA phALe kAradamaka mahAkSatrapa rUdranI putrI lekhAvI che. tene caDhAvI daIe te khoTuM nahIM gaNAya. A pramANe ukela vidvAnoe ema karyo che nakkI thaI zake che ke, rUdradAmane . 27vALAne parAjIta keTalIka paracuraNa ke te kAradamaka mahAkSatrapa rUka karIne haThAvyA haze ane pachI te prAMta upara adhikAra bAbate eTale cakkaNane pautra mahAkSatrapabhogavavAne pitA taraphathI AbhIrajAtinA sUbAnI rUdradAmana hatuM teNe pitAnI putrI nimaNuka karI haze. bIjI rIte vicAratAM naM. 3thI AMdhrapati vAsiddhiputrane paraNAvI hatI. A ukela kevI niM. 7 sudhInA caANavaMzI kSatramAM naM. 5 vAge rUddha rIte vAjabI nathI tenI carcA paMcama paricchede te siMha tathA naM. 7 vALa rUkasena paNa, naM. 3 vALA lekhanuM varNana karatAM ApaNe savistara karI batAvI rUdradAmana jevA mahAparAkamI thayA dekhAya che. eTale che. eTale te pharIne atra utAravI jarUrI nathI, kadAca temanA rAjyakALe paNa AMdhrapati upara chata paraMtu tene sAra e che ke, vAsiddhiputranI te rANI meLavavAnuM saMbhavita che. ane tema banyuM hoya te naM 27 kaI kadaMbakSatriya saradAranI putrI hatI, te saradAranuM AMdhrapatine harAvyAne badale naM.28ne harAvavAnuM mAnavuM nAma mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUti ke rUdra nAmathI zarU thatA akSarapaDaze. game tema TharAvavAmAM Ave paNa eTalI hakIkata vALuM hatuM. te saradAra te samaye sainyapati hato ane cakkasa che ja ke, nAsika chalAvALo pradeza rASaNa saMbhava che ke jema saikuTakavaMzanI sthApanA karanAra, vaMzIonI hakamatamAM Avyo hato kharo ja. pachI tene Abhira saradAra mahAkSatrapa Izvaradatta, pite caSThaNuvaMzI samaya naM. 3 rUdradAmananA, naM. 5 vALA rUddhasiMhanA ke mahAkSatrapa sUbo hato, tema upara jaNAvela mahAniM. 7 vALA rUkasena pahelAnA rAjyakALe TharAvo te kSatrapa rUbhUti paNa te ja Abhira jAtine saradAra haze. vastu nAkhI che. sAthe eTaluM paNa satya che ke, naM. eTale te samaye Abhira jAtinA saradAre rAjyamAM 7 vALA rUkasena pachI, te vaMzane nabaLe rAjyaamala sUbA ane sainyapati jevA moTA hodAne zobhAvatA thatAM je gaDabaDa thavA pAmI hatI tathA 158thI 160 hatA tathA mahAkSatrapanuM birUda paNa dharAvatA hatA. sudhInA-traNa varSa sudhonA-kevaLa kSatrapanA ja sikkA maLe A vAsiddhiputrane ApaNe naM. 29 vALA AMdhrapati che paraMtu mahAkSatrapanA sikkA maLatA nathI, te samaye TharAvela che eTale mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUtine samaya paNa tenA te AbhirasUbAoe svataMtra banI potAnA TvaTakavaMzanI samakAlIna tarIke I. sa. 200ne TharAvavA paDaze, sthApanA karI dIdhI hatI. joke vidvAnoe A 158 jyAre mahAkSatrapa IzvaradattanuM rAjyazAsana ApaNe 160nI sAlane (jIe ke. A. re. pR. 214) zaka I. sa. 261thI zarU thayAnuM TharAvyuM che. eTale banne saMvata lekhI temAM 78no vadhAro karI I. sa. 236 jaNa vacce jo ke lagabhaga 60-70 varSanuM aMtara 29 gaNavA prayAsa karyo che paraMtu kaI rIte sthi- che. paraMtu eka prajAnA saradAra tarIke ane mahAtine ukela karI zakAya nathI ja. (juo ke. kSatrapa jevA javAbadAra hagha upara birAjavAnA,

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286 ] keTalIka paracuraNa bAbate [ ekAdazama khaMDa samayano niradhAra karavAnI gaNatrInA upayoga mATe rAjyakALanA AraMbhanI sAlathI lekhI, tene saMvata teone samasamayI paNa kahI zakAze. matalaba ke calAvyo che ane tene samaya vidvAnoe I. sa. Abhira jAtinA saradArano caDatIno kALa A samaye 249 noMdhyo che. A sarva carcA pR. 3 ekAjarUra mUkI zakAze. dazama paricchede karI batAvI che. A AbhirapatinI bIjI bAju purANakAro jaNAve che ke ( juo sattA nAsika jIllo ane tenI AsapAsanA pradeza pu. 3; pR. 355, TI. naM. 13) That seven upara vistarAI che. te vaMzane aMta kyAre AvyA Andhra kings sprang from the serva- ane temAM keTalA rAjA thayA te ja ke jaNAyuM nathI. nts of the original dynasty=mULavaMzanA paraMtu eTaluM to ApaNe jANIe chIe ja ke, guptabhUlyomAMthI sAta AMdhrarAjAno uddabhava thayo che." vaMzIo avaMtipati thayA bAda temaNe dakSiNahiMda mULavaMza eTale zatavahanavaMza kahevAno matalaba che. chatavA tarapha dhyAna doryuM hatuM ne temAMnA caMdragupta bIjAe uchuM vikramAditya bIjAe te chatI laIne temAMthI sAta AMdhrapati thayA. A sarva kathana jo potAnA kabajAmAM Apyo hato. tene samaya Azare ke saMdigdha lAge che ane kharekhara zuM matalaba kahe- I. sa. 400no gaNAya che. jayAre dakSiNahiMda teNe vAnI che te samajAtuM nathI chatAM, jema A pustakanA jItI lIdhAnuM nakkI che tyAre samajavuM ja paDaze ke prathama paricachede AMdhrabhutyAnI je vyAkhyA tatvArtha nAsika chalAvALe bhAga te teNe jItI lIdhe samAsanA arthamAM ApaNe samajAvI che te pramANe hato ja ane tema thatAM Abhirapatione paNa jItI keAI uparI sattAnA khaMDiyA evA AMdhrapati tarIke lIdhA kahevAze. sAra e nIkaLyo ke I. sa. 249thI lekhIe te naM. 26vALe AMdhrapati jeNe potAne mAMDIne I. sa. 400 sudhInA Azare 110 varSanA svAmine birUdathI oLakhAvyo che eno artha gALAmAM agiyAra Abhirapati thayA hatA. A ApaNe kAMIka utaratA darajajAno rAjA manAvyo che tene anusaMdhAne paNa sughaTita dekhAya che. prathama AMdhrabhRtya gaNavo ane pachInA bIjA che, jema AMdhrapatimAMthI, rUdrabhUti I. Abhiro-temanA maLIne kula sAta AMdhrabhutyA thayA hatA ema paNa apratyA tarIke gaNAya che, tema Izvaradatta Adi gaNAvI zakAya, paraMtu AMdhrabhatyano artha bahatrihI Abhira caThaNavaMzanA bhaye lekhAyA che. te vaMzanI samAsanA rUpamAM laIne je karavAmAM Ave che, A guptavaMzIoe nAbudI karI nAMkhI eTale vaLI teo zatavahanavaMzI-mULa AMdhrapati-rAjAomAMthI, temanA cappaNarvazInA maTIne pAchA guptavaMzIonA bho bhUtya tarIke sAta puruSo thayA hatA ema phalitArtha thayA. A sthitimAM paNa teo te vaMzanA aMta thAya ane te pramANe artha karatAM, uparanA mahAkSatrapa sudhI rahyA che. ane jyAre teno aMta Avyo tyAre rUdrabhUti jevA sAta AMdhabhatyA thayA hatA ema kahe. te vakhatanA temanA Abhira saradAra dharasene (juo vAne Azaya nIkaLI zake che. A pramANe atra pu. 3, pR. 377 tathA A pustake pR. 268 thI AgaLa) nirdiSTa thayela AMdhrabhatyAne lagatA vAkyane marma ukepAcho svataMtra banI potAnI rAjasattA sthApI che. A lavA pUratuM amAruM sUcana che. pramANe Abhira saradArene lalATe kema jANe bhAratIya vaLI AMdhruvaMzanI paDatI thatAM temAMthI daza Abhira itihAsamAM bhUtyapaNe rahevAnuM ja sarajAyeluM na hoya rAjAo thayA hatA ema ke. . re. mAM kathana tevI vastusthiti najare tarI Ave che. thayuM che. teno bheda amArI samaja pramANe A puravaNI rIte ukelI zakAze. Izvaradatta Abhirapatie pitAnA AMdravaMzIonA itihAsamAM sauthI vadhAre matavaMzanI sthApanA, pitAnA pitA IzvarasenanA bhedavALI je hakIkata meM raju karI che te zakasaMvata

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-- ---------- -- - - - -- [ 287 -- caturdazama pariccheda ]. keTalIka paracuraNa bAbato sabaMdhI che. zakasaMvatane keTalAka taraphathI zAlivAhana (25) gautamIputra yajJa 137 165 28 zaka paNa kahevAya che ane tenI Adi vi. saM. 135 zrI zAtakaraNi =I. sa. 78 mAM thayelI manAtI AvI che. jyAre (26) zAtakaraNi 165 182 17 mArA mata pramANe zakasaMvatane zAlivAhana rAjA vAsiddhiputra sAthe koI jAtane saMbaMdha ja nathI eTale pachI (27) zivazrI pulamAM 182 199 17 tenA samaya paratve te kahevuM ja zuM? zAlivAhanane (28) gautamIputra zAtakaraNi 199 229 30 samaya to vikrama saMvatanA sthApaka zakAri vikramAdityanA (29-30-31) traNa rAjao 229 261 33 samayane ja che ane jenagraMthathI mAluma paDe che ke [neTasa-naM. 25 nI AdInI tathA vaMzanA aMtanI zAlivAhananA saMvatanI Adi ma, saM. 496=vi. saM. sAla lagabhaga nakakI samajavI. bIjI sAle kAlpanika 26 mAM thaI che eTale te hakIkata mArA matane TekArUpa TharAvAyelI samajavI. thaI paDatI jaNAya che. A pramANe mAruM maMtavya che. naM. 26mA rAjAne samaya I. sa. 122-153 paratu sAmAnyapaNe ema mata baMdhAI gayo che (pR. 43) lAge che. paraMtu tenA nAmane zilAlekha ke, zakasaMvata te I. sa. 78 mAM sthApita thayo che maLyo che ne temAM AlekhAyelI hakIkatane AdhAre tenA ane tene sthApaka rAjA hAla zAlivAhana che. amane rAjyanA sAtamA varSathI tene avaMtipati ceSThaNane te mAnavAne koI jAtane pUrA ma nathI. mAMDalika gaNAvavo paDayo che eTale te banAvanA banavA joga che ke, jema aneka hakIkata ekane samayanI gaNatrI laIne naM. 26ne samaya pheravo paDe nAma uparathI utArIne bIjAnA nAme caDAvAI gaI che je I. sa. 137nI 165 TharAvuM chuM. ' che tema, zakasaMvatanA pravartakane aMge paNuM banavA adhabhatyA vizenI keTalIka mAnyatA (je ke pAmyuM hoya. te te jyAre prakAzamAM Ave tyAre kharuM. saMdigdha zabdomAM jAhera thaI che chatAM)nI noMdha cAdamAM paraMtu zakasaMvatana praNetA zAlivAhana ja hoya ne tene paricchedanA aMte meM lIdhI che, te mAnyatA pUrvenA prArambha I. sa. 78 thI ja thayela hoya te pR. 40 paricchedamAM Apela varNana karatAM joke judI paDe che upara Apela vaMzAvaLImAM nIce pramANe pheraphAra karI le. paraMtu ema samajavuM rahe che ke zatavahanavaMzanI jo ke tema karatAM rAjAone anukrama naMbara pheravAze chatAM AdimAM jema sAta AMdhrabhatyA thayA hatA tema aMtamAM je rAjAnuM nAma ApIne tenuM vRttAMta lakhAyuM che tenA paNa sAta thayA hatA. tenI gaNanAmAM samAtI ja nAme te saghaLuM mAnI levAmAM kAMI phera paDavAno nathI. vyaktio judI, paraMtu temanI vyAkhyA to je pramANe vyaktio , samajAvI che te pramANe ja. temAM phera nathI. prathamanA seLa rAjA pR. 37 nI vaMzAvaLI : na. 23thI chelle sudhI A vaMzanA rAjAoe pramANe tyArapachI vaidikamata grahaNa karyo hato evuM vidhAna karAyuM che te (17) ariSTakarNa I. sa. pU. 7ra 47 25 paNa pheravavuM paDaze. temaja rAjA caSmaNane avaMtipati (18) pulumAvI , 47 I. sa. 3 50 thayAnuM I. sa. 143mAM seMdhAyuM che, paraMtu jena(19) maMtalaka i. sa. 3 4 5 sAhityamAM rAjA nAhaDa paramAre jajigasUri hAthe (20) purikasena aMjanazalAkA karAvyAnuM je nIkaLe che ane jenI (21) suMdara 40 11 sAla ma. saM. 670=I. sa. 143 thaI zake che te (22) cakora 40 40 6 mAsa vAstavika ja hoya to, cappaNa mATenI tArIkha I. sa. (23) zivasvAti 78 38 144 ke 45 laI javI paDaze. (24) cannapUNa hAla 78 13 pada ATalA ulekha sivAya bIjI koI noMdha levI vAsidiThaputra rahetI nathI ). 29 21

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prAcIna bhAratavarSa ne aMge uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo saMzodhananuM kArya ja evuM che ke, bhalabhalA nAmAMkita nahIM kahevAya tema anyathA paNa nahIM kahevAya. jyAre vidvAnoe bahAra pADela niNa paNa, anya sAmagrI datakathA haze te khoTI TharAvI zakAze, zilAlekhane upalabdha thatAM pheravAI jAya che. paraMtu tethI prathama ane sikkAlekhana lipittanI madadathI anya ukela nirNayanA sarjanahArane, pate vidyApremane aMge ja zrama karAvI zakAze. tema anya prAdezika ghaTanAomAM eka UThAvyo hovAne lIdhe, koI glAni thatI nathI. ulaTa nAmadhArI vizeSa vyaktionuM astitva sUcavI ke pitAne vizeSa jJAna maLavArya AnaMdita bane che ane tevA ja prakAranuM anya AropaNa karI, mULa hakIktane je sAmagrIe mULa nirNayanuM svarUpa palaTAvavAmAM bhAga AgaLapAchaLa laI jaI zakAze. kevaLa AMkaDAnI bhajavyo hoya che tene jIjJAsuvRttithI tapAsavA maMDI gaNatrIe bAMdhela nirNaya ja eka evI vastu che ke paDe che. itihAsanA saMzodhananA kAryamAM pAMca vastu tene kaI rIte hacamacAvI zakAtI nathI. A bAbatamAM nyunAdhikapaNe upayogI thatI manAI che. (1) daMtakathAo pelA samartha marahuma itihAsakAra mi. vinsenTa smitha (2) zilAlekho (3) sikkAo (4) anya prAdezika eTale sudhI AgaLa vadhIne kahe che ke "A body itihAsanI, vyAkaraNanI, ke anya prakAranI sarakhAmaNa of history must be supported upon a karI zakAya tevI ghaTanAo ane (5) samayadarzaka skeleton of chronology and without AMkaDAo. samayAvaLI. je koI nirNayane uparanI pAMca chronology history is impossible=ativastuone Teke maLI jatA hoya te sarvathA aphara ja hAsanA pUladehane-ImAratane-hamezAM sAlavArInA rahe. paraMtu ochI vadhatI vastuothI ja jo samarthana khAna) AdhAra ho ja joIe. tevI salavArI maLatuM hoya te prathama daSTie kahI zakAya ke, jeTaluM vinA itihAsa ubhe karavo tadana azakya che. A vadhAre samarthana teTaluM vadhAre sAruM. chatAM dareka prakAranI pramANe itihAsa saMzodhanamAM kArya karI rahelI vastuonuM vastunuM mUla eka sarakhuM na hovAthI, vadhAre sajajaDa pArapArika tulanAe mUlyAMkana samajAyeluM gaNAya che. gaNAtI eka vastuno ja ke hoya to paNa te vizeSa A pustaka AlekhananuM kArya hAtha dharyuM tyArathI vajanadAra thaI paDavA saMbhava rahe che. jemake samayadarzaka samayadarzaka AMkaDA upara meM bahu ja moTo madAra AMkaDAothI je nirNaya upara avAya tene, bAkInA bAMdhIne kAma lIdhuM che, ane bAkInA cAra prakAranA cAre prakAranI sAmagrIne Teke hAya yA nahIM, to paNa pUrAvA upara joke AdhAra te rAkhyo che ja harakata nathI AvatI; kemake AMkaDAnI gaNanA gaNita- AMkaDA karatAM ochA ja. jethI karIne je je nirNa zAstra upara che, ne temAM koinAthI paNa mIna ke meSa upara huM AvI zakayo chuM tenA upara cokasAInI karI zakAtuM ja nathI. pAMcane pAMca hamezAM daza ja ane makkamapaNAnI chApa vizeSapaNe darzAvI rahyo chuM. kahevAya. kadApi tene nava paNa na kahevAya, tema agiyAre tema bIjA prakAranA anya pUrAvAnI vizeSa jarUra na

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(290 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna gaNatAM, athavA te atizayokatInA bhayane lIdhe AgaLa jevo gaNavAmAM Ave che. ATaluM kartAne AzrayIne dhapavAnuM ja yogya mAnI lIdhuM che. A prakAranI kArya thayuM. have viSaya paratve jaNAvatAM, tenA paNa be bhAga paddhatine game te nAmathI oLakhavAmAM Ave, paraMtu tema paDAze. eka dAkhalA dalIla sAthe ane bIjo meghama karavA jatAM je bhIti aMtaramAM saceta thaI hatI tenA rIte darzAvAyela. dAkhalA dalIlavALAnA khulAsA radiyA paNa prathama pustakanI prastAvanAmAM jaNAvI AgaLa jatAM ceAthA (4) vibhAge, ane madhamavALAnA dIdhA che. have te pustake bahAra paDI cUkyAM che. A nIcenA prathama (1) vibhAge ja ApyA che. dhAruM chuM abhyAsakonI daSTi te pratye AkarSAI che. akhabAromAM ke te prakAranA mArA vaktavyathI sarvane saMtoSa maLaze. avalokano paNa AvyAM che. tenI saMkhyA 60 uparAMtanI medhama TIkAo A pramANe thaI che - lagabhaga thavA jAya che. uparAMta keTalAka sAthe rUbarUmAM (1) pustaka critically=savaLI avaLI dalIla carcA paNa karI che. jema keTalAMka carcApatre AvyAM che. sahita, taiyAra thayuM nathI. eka gaNatrIe A kathana tema prazno paNa pUchAyA che. je bhIti rAkhI hatI vAjabI che, bIjI gaNatrIe geravAjabI che. te eka yA bIjA svarUpamAM ke vadhate oche aMze vAjabI eTalA mATe ke prathama te AkhuM pustaka kevaLa vAstavika paNa karI che. ucca zikSite mATe ja na lakhatAM, sAmAnya janatA have lekhanakArya pUruM thayuM che eTale TIkAkArone paNa rasapUrvaka vAMce, tevA bane udeza dhyAnamAM rAkhyA praznakArane I. je kaI temAM rasa laI rahyuM hoya che jethI karIne vidvAno, saMzodhanakAryamAM maMDyA temane saMtoSavAne mAre dharma mAnuM chuM. saMtoSa rahenAra tathA ucca parIkSAnA abhyAsIo mATe, pamADavAnI paddhati bAbata, pRthakkaraNa be rIte karI khAsa phUTanoTavALA bhAga ane sAmAnya vAcaka mATe zakAzeH (1) kartAne AzrayIne (2) ane viSayane mukhya lakhANavALA bhAga rAkhe che. temaja vAcana AzrayIne. kartAmAM pAchA be vibhAga (a) te viSayamAM zuSka thaI na paDe te sArU, avAranavAra itihAsane niSNAta gaNAya te (ba) ane aniSNAta eTale madadarUpa thaI paDe tevA nAnA phakarAo, saMvAda ke patrakAra Adi. niSNAtenA abhiprAya jarUra vajanadAra ke daMtakathAonA upayogI bhAge dAkhala karyo che. gaNAya ja, paraMtu teonAM maMtavyo amaka prakAre baMdhAI vaLI jene krITIkalI taiyAra karAyelAM pustake kahegayela hovAthI koI vakhate ekapakSI thaI javA saMbhava thAya che temAM je paddhatie kAma levAyuM hoya che. te che. jyAre patrakAro sAmAnya rIte taTastha daSTivALA anizcita pariNAmadAyI lAgavAthI (juo phakara naM. hovAthI temanA abhiprAya vadhAre niSpakSI lekhavA 2, 10, I.) meM judI ja rIte grahaNa karelI che. rahe che. patrakAromAM lagabhaga sarve ekamatI thayA che. A be dRSTie nihALanArane krITIkalI lakhAyuM nathI jyAre niSNAta evA vidvAnamAMthI lagabhaga aDadho ema dekhAya te svAbhAvika che. Dajhana che temAMthI eke to pustake joyAM ja nathI, pachI jyAre bIjI rIte krITIkala kahI zakAya tema che. vAMcavAnuM te rahyuM ja kayAM, chatAM kahI dIdhuM che ke kemake, atyAra sudhI vidvAnoe savaLI avaLI dalIla pustaka sAruM nathI. tevA ja bIja niSNAte dRSTAMta tathA purAvA teLI teLIne je nirNaya bAMdhyA che tene ke dalIla ApyA sivAya je prakAzanane jAhera rIte meM svIkArI laI temanAthI jyAM jyAM matabhinnatA mane utArI pADayuM che. jyAre eka niSNAta gaNAtI dekhAI. tyAM tyAM ja kevaLa tenA eka be mukhya pUrAvA saMsthAe pustakane dRSTimAM lIdhA sivAya ja, kevaLa (vizeSa na ApavA mATe nIcenI dalIla naM. 2 juo) pakSapAtI vyaktinA kahevA uparathI svataMtra avalokananA I. ApIne te sAbita karI apAI che. vaLI pratyeka nAmathI prasiddha karI dIdhuM che. A traNemAM khUbI e pRSTha navI navI mAhitI ja bharela hovAthI, jemAM khAsa thaI che ke te traNeno darajajo AvA viSayamAM sarvoparI nibaMdha lakhanAra pitAnA viSayane aneka puSTi ApatI

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 291 hakIkata tathA pUrAvAthI bharapUra banAve che, tema A vizeSa mahattva ApavuM rahe che. ane te niyama svIpustakane ja taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che, tenA kadanI kArI laIne meM kAma lIdhuM che. eTale ja jyAM samayakeAI sImA ja na rahe. A be muddA dhyAnamAM rakhAze darzaka eka athavA be jeTalI paNa sAbitI maLI rahI te AkhuMye pustaka, virUddha ane tarapheNanA pUrAvA tyAM kAma pUruM thayAne saMtoSa pakaDI AgaLa vadhavAnuM tapAsIne, temaja samarthana karatA mukhya pUrAvAo durasta dhAryuM che ane jyAM tevI sthiti nathI prApta thaI ApIne, krITIkalI taiyAra karyuM che ema paNa lAgyA tyAM aneka patrakAroe jaNAvyA pramANe 'ample vinA raheze ja nahIM. quotations & discussions=puSkaLa utArA ane (2) pUrAvAo khAtrI karAvI Ape tevI carcAo' karIne, viSayane bane teTale nyAya ApavA (convincing)nathI. Avo mata uccAranAranI gaNatrI prayAsa sevyo che. jo ema hoya ke, pUrAvAnI saMkhyA jema vizeSa tema uparAMta jemanAM jemanAM nAma (lagabhaga aDhI nirNaya paNa vizeSa majabUta; to kahevuM paDaze ke teo kevaLa Dajhana to haze ja) sUcavAyAM, temane khAtrI (convince) bhIMta ja bhUlatA dekhAya che. kemake daMtakathA, zilAlekha, karAvavAnA irAdAthI rUbarU maLavAnI taka paNuM javA dIdhI sikkAnI hakIkata tathA anya aitihAsika samaya nathI. AmAMthI ekAda apavAda sivAyanA saghaLAoe paratvenA aneka prAdezika banAve, game teTalA baMdha- kene koI bahAnA taLe carcA karavAnI vAta ja uDAvI besatA dekhADI zakAtA hoya, chatAM je te sAlavArInA dIdhI hatI. jemaNe icachA batAvI temane, mArI dalIAMkane (chronology) saMtoSI na zakatA hoya, te lethI mAhitagAra thavA mATe pustakanI sagavaDa karI tevA hajAro pUrAvA karatAM samayadarzaka sAbitIo ApI hatI tathA amuka prazna upara vivAda karavAnI kevaLa be cAraja hoya topaNa, tenI nizcitatA vadhAre IchA jaNAvatAM. mArAM pustakamAMnAM tene lagatAM pUcho saceTa kahI zakAze. jemake I. sa. pU. 327mAM batAvI, te mATenI mulAkAtane samaya goThavI lIdhe jyAre elekajhAMDara dhI greITa hiMdamAM Avyo, tyAre hate. AvI traNa traNa mulAkAta sudhI te pustaka magadhapati tarIke je rAjA birAjato hoya te ja teno vAMcyA vinA ja paDayAM rahyAM. chevaTe upalaka dRSTithI samakAlIna hovAnuM gaNI zakAya. pachI te caMdragupta hoya, prazna carco. A vivecana karI keine deSa devAno mAro biMdusAra hoya ke azokavardhana hoya; ane tenuM ja IrAde nathI ja, paraMtu te uparathI manuSya svabhAvanuM nAma sekeTasa gaNI zakAze. paraMtu uccAranI sAmyatA darzana karI zakAya che. ane kAma karanArane kevA kaparA mAnI laI, tene caMdragupta TharAvo ane tene meLa saMgamAMthI pasAra thavuM paDe che tene khyAla paNa utAravA daMtakathAno Azraya levo ane Ama haze ne vAcakavargane Avaze. vaLI eka bIjI jAtano varga tema haze, ke Ama hovuM joIe ne tema hovuM joIe, paNa che. te mATe AgaLa jaNAvelI badhI dalIle. tevI ADI avaLI dalIla karavI te bahu vajanadAra vAMce, temAM paNa khAsakarIne naM. 12nI. nahIM lekhAya. eka bAju daMtakathAnI kiMmata-uparamAM 3. keTalAke svadharmAbhimAnI (fanatic), dharmadha itihAsa racavAnI je pAMca sAmagrIonuM pAraspArika (bigot), haThIle-svamatAgrahI (dogmatic), mulyAMkana dorI batAvyuM che temAM-sauthI utaratI ane turaMgI-terI (fantastic) ane pakSapAtI-ekataraphI samayAvaLInI sauthI zreSTha gaNAvI che, jyAre pAchI (partial) tathA tene maLatAM anya vizeSaNathI teja daMtakathAnA AdhAre moTo madAra bAMdhIne vAda mane navAjavA maherabAnI karI che. jenI pAsenA karyA karo teno artha zuM ? TUMkamAM kahevAnuM ke pUrA- khajAnAmAM jeno vadhAre hoya tenuM dAna te ApI zake vAnI saMkhyA (quantity of evidence) karatAM che, temAM mAre-temaja keIe-vAMdho levAne hAya ja tenA prakAra-jAta (quality of evidence) upara nahIM. paraMtu jaNAvavAnuM ke, koI paNa itihAsakAre,

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292 ] uThela carcAnA ane pu. 2 nI AdimAM-maMgaLAcaraNamAM-je sUtra me TAMkI batAvyuM che, tadanusAra taTastha vRttieja kAma levuM joie ema huM te| mAnanArA chuM. ane te sUtra haMmezAM dRSTisamIpa rAkhIne ja, mArA kAryamAM pravRtta rahyo chuM. paraMtu huM jainadharmAnuyAyI haiAvAthI--temaja je samayanA itihAsa A graMthamAM varNavAyA che te AkhAya samaya, sArAye bhAratavarSamAM, jainadharma pradhAnapade hAine-khaY te rAjadharma thai paDela heAvAthI, tevI sthiti mAre cItaravI paDI che, temAM mArA doSa keTale? athavA AvA AkSepa mUkanArane pUchavAnI rajA lauM chuM ke, je sthiti kAI lekhakane dIvA jevI spaSTa lAge, teM zuM teNe geApathI rAkhIne vAcakanA manaraMjanArthe anyathA lakhyuM javuM? athavA mArI jagyAe kAi anyadharmI-pArasI, khristI ke muslImabaMdhu-heAta tA temane te zuM kaheta ? athavA meM dharmAvezamAM AvI jai, zuM kArya anya paMthane apamAnajanaka ke hiNapata lagADatA zabdo vAparyA che Y "he is not offensive in his language bhASA vAparavAmAM lekhaka krodhI-gunAhita nathI, bhASAmAM ahu saMyama jALavyA che," ema je madrAsanA dhI hiMdu patra ( The Hindu ) spaSTapaNe jaNAvyuM che te zuM khATuM che? chatAM eka vAta teA spaSTa che ke, nirNayA upara AvavAne meM pUrAvA ane dalIlA tA ApyAM ja che, te koi jAtanA AkSepa mUkavA karatAM, kAM tene teo tapAsatA nathI kaiM, sAmI dalIlA ApI khaMDana karatA nathI! te mArga te sarva mATe khullo che ja ! 4. jainadharmanA anuyAyI hAvArthI, tenA pracArakAryalekhI mATe ja A pustakanuM prakAzana meM karyuM che... A dalIlane kAMi uttara ApavA karatAM, uparanI dalIla naM. 3, temaja pu. 2 nA mukhapRSTa lakhela sUtrapATha ja rIpharI vAMcI javA temane mArI navinaMti che. prakSAnA khulAsAo [ prAcIna prastAvanAmAM karela teA che ja paraMtu tene saMpUrNa khyAla A pAMcamAM vibhAge pR 196-99 upara "dharmanuM mahattva ane graMthAlekhana ' zirSaka pArigrAphamAM varNana Apela che (je atre meM utAryuM che) te uparathI AvI jaze. amAre e muddA para vAMcaka mahAzayanuM dhyAna dAravuM rahe che. eka dharma zabdanA mahatvane aMge ane, khIjAM jaina zabdanA arthane mATe. (1) prathama dharma zabda laie--te zabdanA gUDhArtha ane rahasya vize kAMI paNa atra uccAravuM e ApaNA kSetranI bahAra gaNAya. atra te ApaNe cetavaNIrUpe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke, vartamAnakALe jema dharmane, prajAnA eka bhAgane bIjA sAthe athaDAvI mAravAnA kAryamAM, hathiyArarUpe upayAgamAM levAya che, tevA bhAvamAM te samaye tene upayega ja thatA nahAtA. eTale ke kAmIbhedabhAva, ke uzkeraNInA rUpamAM tene kadApI lekhAtA nahAtA. atyAre sarve kAryanuM mUlyAMkana, Arthika gaNutrIe aMkAtuM heAvAthI, dareke dareka vastunI kiMmata, rUpiyA, nA, pAInA hisAbe ja mUkAya che; ane jema eka vastunI kiMmata vizeSa rUpiyAmAM aMkAya tema tenI upacAgitAnuM dhAraNa vizeSapaNe lekhAtuM rahe che. A badhI Adhibhautika dazA sUcave che. te Aleka jIvananI aihIka mane vRttinI parAkASTA sucave che. jyAre prAcIna samaye dharmane AlAkajIvana sAthe aMtaraMga saMbaMdha naheAtA lekhAtA. tene teA vizeSapaNe paraleAkajIvana sAthe tenA utkarSa-apakarSanA kAraNabhUta anusaravAnuM lekhAtuM; ke jethI mANusanuM A saMsAranuM AkhuM jIvana, jema bane tema AtmakalyANanA mArgarUpe vahe, tathA jene saMyeAgAe yArI ApI hAya te sAthe sAthe paramArtha pazu karye jAya. paraMtu sarvanuM lakSyabiMdu, sva temaja paranA AtmAne uccagAmI banAvavA pratye uccagAmI banI rahetuM. temane mana Arthika lAbha, parasparanA AcAra|tpana bhedamAMthI nIpajatA jhagaDA, tA manuSyajIvana barabAda karavA mATe ke e banne gumAvavArUpa gaNAtuM. eTale ja dravyasaMcaya karavA mATe vartamAnakALe manuSya dareka prakAranI yukti prayukti vAparatA dekhAya che, tevA prakAranA udyama [ TIppaNu :~ huM pote jaina matAnuyAyI huM ja, ane teo mane tema hAvAnuM mAne che te jANI magarUra paNa thAuM chuM, joke temanI mAnyatA judA dheAraNe racAlI che, chatAM jaina ane dharma-A banne zabdA artha huM kevA svarUpamAM karI rahyo chuM tene A khyAla ApatuM kAMIka varNana, prasaMgeApAta mArAM pustakanI

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] sevavAmAM te kALe te dUrane dUra bhAgatA rahetA. tene mana dharma e to eka amulya, virala, ane durlabha vastu ja lekhAtI hAI tenA rakSaNane mATe jI MdagInuM balidAna paNa teo tuccha lekhatA. (2) dharma zabdanuM mahattva samajAvyA bAda have jaina zabdanA artha kaMIka aMze samajAvIzuM. jaina zabda, jI=jItavuM uparathIyeAjAyeA che. jeNe jIta meLavI che tene jaina kahevAya, A pramANe tene vyutpatti artha thAya che. ATale darajje sarvasaMmata hakIkata che. paNa jIta zenI? zA mATe ? keAnI upara tene yathArtha na samajavAthI gerasamajutI ubhI thAya che. A bAbatane| khulAsA kiMcIdaaMze ApavA prayatna karIe. krAnI upara ? duzmana upara. zA mATe ? AtmakalyANa mATe; AtmAnA utkarSa mATe; zenI jIta ? hathiyAravarDa meLavelI nahIM paraMtu kharA aMta:karaNanI, ane mananA saMyamavaDe meLavelI jIta. kemake hathiyAravaDe meLavelI jIta meLavavAmAM te hIMsA pradhAnapaNe rahelI che. jyAre mana upara saMyama rAkhIne jIta meLavavAmAM kASAyAnA nIgraha keLavAya che. temaja duzmana eTale kAMi dekhItA duzmanA nahIM ke jee lAkaDI, lAThI, talavAra, baMduka laIne sAme dhasI AvI ApaNe dekhIe tema ApaNI sAme trA karI zake che; paraMtu AtmAnA duzmano, ke jemanI saMgatathI AtmA, peAtAnI uccagatI sAdhI zakatA nathI. arthAt je duzmane tene khAdhaka thaI aTakAva nAkhyA kare che. jevAM ke IrSA, jhera, vera, mAna, mAyA, leba, matsara ityAdI kaSAyeA; ke je, vyavahAra vyabhicAra, ceArIcapATI, dagApIsAda ityAdIrUpe pragaTapaNe dekhAI rahyA che. A badhA aMtaranA duzmana kahevAya che. bahAranA duzmane ne hazuvAmAM, te upara jIta meLavavAmAM tA hiMsAne Azraya levA paDe che, jyAre aMtaranA duzmaneAne khAkharA karI jIta meLavavAmAM ke saMpUNuM paNe haNavAmAM AtmasaMyama keLavavA rahe che, ane temAM jarAye hiMsAne sthAna rahetuM nathI. matalaba ke bahAranA duzmanAne hajuvAnuM kArya hiMsAmaya che jyAre aMtaranA zatrune haNavAnuM kAryaM taddana ahiMsAmaya che. [ 293 A svarUpamAM jo jIta ane jainanA kharA artha samajavAmAM Ave te je anartha ke gerasamajutI ubhI thavA pAme che te Ape|Apa nirmULa thaI jaze. upara pramANe artha svIkAratAM, te paNa spaSTapaNe ane svayaMsiddha thaI jAya che, ke dareke dareka mANase jaina thavAne prayatnazIla banavuM joie. je jeTale darajje peAtAnA aMtaranA duzmaneAne haNI zake teTale darajje te jaina thayA kahevAya. jainane kAI nAti, varNa ke AvikAnuM sAdhana meLavavAnA sAdhana jevA, kRtrima bhedanuM baMdhana paravaDI zake ja nahI. uparanI vyAkhyAthI teA jJAti paratve, vANiyA, brAhmaNa, nAgara, khristI ityAdine; ke varNa paratve kSatriya, zudra, vaizya, ityAdina; ke AjIvikA prAptinA bheda jevA ke meAcI, kuMbhAra, telI, bhaMgI, ke khATakI I. I. bhedone; jaina anavAne kArya prakAranI aTakAyata ja mUkAtI nathI. tema vartamAnakAle upasthita thai gaela dharmabhede mATe paNa jaina zabdane kharI rIte lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. temAM tA vaidIka dharmAnuyAyI paNa AvI zake che. eka musalamAna baMdhu paNa AvI zake che. temaja pArasI bhAione, khristI baMdhunA, samAjIsTAne, zIkhatA, kabIrapaMthanA, rAmAnujamanA, liMgAyatanA I. I. sa` kA` paNa samAveza thaI zake che. matalaba ke jaina zabdane duniyAdArInA vyavahAranA aMge tathA samAjavyavasthAne aMge je kRtrima bhede pAchaLathI ubhA thavA pAmyA che temAMnA krAinI sAthe saMbaMdha che ja nahIM. tene kevaLa aMtarAtmA, aMtaranI urmi, manuSyanI manevRtti, hRdayanA bhAva, i. i. sAthe ja saMbaMdha che. A uparathI vAcakavarganI khAtrI thaze ke pustaka prakAzanamAMnI sarva hakIkata meM tA niSpakSabhAve ja, jevI mane sujhI tevI rajU karI che. temaja jainadharmI gaNAvAne huM mArI jAtane ahe| bhAgyavaMta mAnuM chuM. eTaluM ja nahi paNa umeda dharAvuM chuM ke vAcaka pote paNa A pramANenA mArA vicArA jANyA bAda potAnI jAtane jainadharmAM kahevarAvavAne utsukatA dharAvatA banaze.

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294 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna - pa. pUrvagraha (biassed mind)thI derAIne prakAranI jaDa ghAlI beThelI praNAlikA ja pheravavA jevI pustaka lakhAyuM che...uparanI dalIle zodhavAthI sthiti AvI paDI hoya, tyAM te khUba khUba spaSTI khAtrI thaze ke meM te pUrvagrahathI nahIM, paNa karaNa karatI (verbose), manamAM ThasI jAya tevI niSpakSa rIte rahIne je sthiti mane dekhAI te ja (hammering), ane bhUlI na javAya te mATe punaH jAhera karI che. chatAM vivAda khAtara mAnI lyo ke- punaH jaNAvatI (repitition) paddhati ja asarakAraka pUrvagrahI, durAgrahI, dhamadha ke anya je kAI birUda jaDI ane anivArya lekhavI rahe che. AvatAM hoya te sarvano adhikArI huM chuM chatAM dareka 8. ItihAsa te zAstra (science) ane tattvaThekANe sAkSI pUrAvo to ApyA ja che. tene tapAsya jJAna (philosophy) che temAM daMtakathA; saMvAda, TUcako vinA ke tenI satyAsatyatAno vicAra karyA vinA ja ke anya prakAranA phAlatu-phAphasIyA (redundantje nirNaya pote bAMdhI cUkela che-kahe ke je sthiti matter)ne sthAna ApI na zakAya. A abhiprAya parApUrvathI cAlI Ave che, tene te ja ghareDamAM cAlyA paNa uparanA naM. 6 nI peThe, kapALe kapALe judI javAnuM pasaMda karyA karavuM-pachI pUrvagrahI tathA uparanAM matine viSaya che. vaLI jema keLavaNIno Azaya sarva birUdanA dhAraka kANuM kahevAya ? tathA tenA prakAra, temaja kolejo, hAIskulo ane 6. TAMcaNiyA vRtti dAkhavI che-uttaramAM jaNA- yunivarsiTIe I. nI mAnyatAmAM Adhunika kALe vavAnuM che. je koI vicAra bAMdhavAmAM Ave te mATe mahAna parivartana thaI rahyuM che, tema ItihAsamAM kaI pUrAvA tI ApavI ja joI e. ne apAya to kaheze bAbatano samAveza karavA te prazna rahe che. Science ke krITIkala nathI athavA te gapATA ja mAryA che; ane Philosophy tarIke ItihAsanI vyAkhyA karaane kevaLa, phalANuM phalANuM pustake phalANuM pAnuM nAra paNu, zilAlekhemAM aneka bAbato chetarAyalI juo, ema lakhAya to kaheze ke te te pustaka meLava hovA chatAM jema tene itihAsanA eka apUrva ane vAno samaya ane dravya ame kayAMthI lAvIe ? majabUta pratika tarIke svIkAravA taiyAra rahe che tema athavA to ema paNa kahevAze ke, mULa lekhakano ItihAsanI vyAkhyA karavAmAM paNa kALakrame bhinnatA Azaya pitAthI bhinna haze mATe temAMthI chaTakavA keLavavI ja paDaze. sArU A pramANe bArI zodhI che. A badhI khaTapaTanA 9. daMtakathAne pramANika hakIkata ane pUrAvArUpe upAya tarIke je mULa lekhakanA zabdo ja akSarazaH mAnI lIdhI che...uttara... jyAM kaI prakArane itiutArAya che te TAMcaNiyAvRti dAkhavavAno doSa vahorI hAra sacavAI rahyo na hoya, tyAM daMtakathAo paNa levuM paDe che. AmAM te "muMDa muMDe matirbhinA'-kapALe dIvAdAMDIrUpa thaI paDe che. chatAM tenA upara ja kevaLa kapALe judI mati-no ja nyAya kahevAze. sarva madAra bAMdhI na zakAya. paraMtu tevI kathAmAM 7, lakhANamAM phAlatu zabdo (verbose) temaja jaNAvela hakIkatane je anya sAmagrIthI Take maLI punarUkti, piSTapeSaNa (repetition) bahuja che...kabUla raheto hoya te, pachI tene daMtakathA kahevAya ke karuM chuM; paraMtu tenuM kAraNa e che ke, jema eka sUtragraMtha aitihAsika ghaTatA kahevAya ? hoya ane bIje tenA uparanI vRtti, bhASya ke TIkA nAmacIMdha, ane moTA vidvAnonA graMtha sivAya, rUpe hoya te, te banne graMthanI varNanazailImAM bhinnatA rahe. aprasiddha athavA phAsakusiyA lekhakenA ke pustakanAM vAnI ja. vaLI eka graMtha kevaLa vidvAno mATe ja lakhAya kathanane AdhAra levAya te tenI kiMmata bilakula ane bIjo, vidvAno temaja AmajanatA baMnene udezIne utArI naMkhAya che. paraMtu teo bhUlI jAya che ke, lakhAya, te te baMnenI zailImAM paNa taphAvata rahe ja. jJAna te game tyAMthI paNa grahaNa karavA yogya ja che. te pramANe A pustake thayuM che. uparAMta jyAM, amuka tene kaI sthAna, samaya, ke vyaktine bheda piSAne ja

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe nathI. eTaluM ja mAtra tapAsavuM rahe che ke, uparanA karavAnI Adata hovAthI, koI jAhera takhatA (platpArigrAphamAM jaNAvyA pramANe anya sAdhanathI tene form) upara dekhAva paNa detA nathI. veza paNa tane samarthana maLI rahe che ke nahIM. sAdo rAkhuM chuM. jethI tenI kIMmata, keTa pATaluna ane 10. jyAM ne tyAM, haze, saMbhavita che, (maybe), heTavALAnA manamAM, ochI rahe te dekhItuM ja che. tenI (can); kadAca haze (perhaps); I. I. bhaviSyanA pratIti mane aneka mulAkAta daramyAna hajIe nirNaya upara ne choDatAM, Ama che ja, (it is so), maLatI ja rahe che. tethI kAMI ema na ja kahI zakAya Ama hovuM joIe (it should be thus) i. ke, aMdhArAmAM paDI rahela mANasane jJAna pAmavAno nizrayadarzaka abhiprAya bahu darzAvyA che...uttara...mAro adhikAra ja nathI. anumAna, saMzayAtmaka vigata ke nivedana upara nahIM, eka vidvAne, bIjA vidvAna sAthe carcA karavA paraMtu samayAvaLI jevI aphara (non-changeable) mArI vatI temanI pAse samayanI mAMgaNI karI, te ane atUTa (unassailable) hakIkata upara temane saMbhaLAvI dIdhuM ke, A lapane kayAMthI lAvyA? racAyelAM hovAthI, mane te nirNaya rUpe ja lAgyAM che. be cAranI mulAkAtamAM te jaNAyuM hatuM ke temaNe A uparathI te ulaTuM ema dekhAya che ke, uparanI dalIla pustakanAM darzana paNa karyo nahotAM, te pachI vAMcyAM naM. 1 mAM jaNAvyA pramANe, pustakane koTIkala nahIM hovAnI AzA ja kayAM rahI, chatAM kahevA maMDI paDyA kahenAranI peThe, temane paNa samayAvaLInI (chrono- hatA ke, tamAruM pustaka tadana kharAba che. te te logy) pUrepUrI kimata ja samajAI dekhAtI nathI. prakAzita ja karAvuM na joIe, I. I. vaLI 11. ghaNAM pustakonAM avalokana karyAnuM darzAvatI eka vidvAne kahyuM ke, huM pite rUDhIcusta (orthodox) lAMbI nAmAvaLI ( Bibliography ) ApI hoIne game teTalI dalIlo tame karaze chatAM mAro mata hoya ke tenA utArA ane pramANe ApI khUba pheravavAne ja nathI. vAdavivAda karyo hoya, te ja pustakanI mahattA vadhI medhama thayela TIkAo mukhyatayA upara darzAvela jatI gaNAya ane tevA pustakane ja krITIkala taiyAra koI ne koI vargamAM AvI jAya che. chatAM be traNa karAyAnuM kahevAya; AvI gaNatrImAM ramanArA paNa paDyA evI jAtanI paNa che ke temAM vyaktigata nirdeza paNa che. temane paNa samayAvaLInI kIMmata vize bahu karI zakAya, paraMtu tema karavuM te granthakArane AcAra mAna nathI athavA to prakAra (quality) karatA na gaNAya. tethI atra moghama gaNAtI TIkAnA mathALe ja (quantity) jaththAne vadhAre vajanadAra mAnatA lAge samAveza karI devAnI IcchA thaI AvI hatI. vaLI che emaja lekhavuM raheze. ema thayuM ke, jyAre amuka hakIkata ke prasaMga sAthe 12. "tame te koNa? (who you?) tamAruM tene yukta karAI che tyAre, tene carcArUpe ja mAnI gaja zuM ke AvuM dharamULathI pheravI nAMkhatuM saMzodhanane laIne aMtimabhAge praznonA uttara joyA che temAM kArya hAtha dharI zake ?" evuM kahenArA paNa maLyA che. tene sthAna ApavuM bahetara gaNAze. mAtra tema karatI kharI vAta che; huM koI yunivarsiTI ke kolejamAM prophe. vakhate bane teTalA aMze te vyaktinuM nAma vAparavAthI sara nathI. tema pI. eca. DI; ela,ela. DI. keDI. mAre dUra rahevuM. eTale bane muddA sacavAyA gaNAzelITa. jevI padavI dharAvato nathI. mAtra vaidakIya DIgrI uttara vALIne saMtoSa paNa Apyo kahevAze ane ja meLavI che, ane te lAIna paDatI mUkIne have te mAtra sAmA pratye viveka 5Na jALavya kahevAze. vepArI ja banyo chuM. temAM paNa evA prakArano dhaMdho jyAM AvA prakAranA ane tene maLatA anubhave che ke, Ama janatA sAthe bahu saMparkanI jarUra paNa thatA hoya tyAM keTalAkanuM varNana karavuM. duniyAne rivAja rahetI nathI. vaLI mUMge moDhe (silent-work) kAma ja thaI paDe che ke, je kaI navuM kArya kare tene

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296 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna mAthe prathama ramajhaTa thAya ja. eTale AvA anubhavathI tenA yathAsthAne ja goThavavA rahe che, eTale paraspara mAre nAsIpAsa thavA jarUra nathI. ulaTuM mAruM kArya saMkaLAyela banAve ane vastusthiti paNa, svataH navIna yathArtha ja mane lAgatuM hoya, to temAM maMDayA rahevAnuM svarUpa ja dhAraNa karatAM dekhAya che. AvA saMyogomAM vizeSa ne vizeSa utsAha maLe jAya che. amane paNa te muddo vajanadAra lAgatAM, pUchavAmAM A badhI paristhiti ApaNe dezanA vidvAnonuM Avela aneka praznonA uttara vALavA pahelAM, mAnasa kevuM che teno jhINavaTathI abhyAsa karavA zuM te be maMtavyanI khAtrI karI ApavAnI lAlaca thaI sAdhana pUruM nathI pADatI ? hamezano anubhava ja gaNAya AvI che. jo ke te banne hakIkatane amArA graMthamAM 1-History repeats itself. bane teTalI pramANasara sAbita karI ApI che ja; paraMtu aneka pUrAvA jyAre chUTA chavAyA apAyA hoya tyAre | moghama TIkAkAranuM kArya upara pramANe patAvIne vAcakane ekatrita karavAnuM ane te AdhAre pAke prakSakArone saMtoSavAnuM have hAtha dharavuM rahe che. sarve nirNaya bAMdhavAnuM jarA kaThina thaI paDe; A kAraNathI praznone uttara ApavA jatAM, cata cUrNa ane pIcha jeTale aMze bane teTale aMze te kArya amAre ja paSaNanI sthiti prApta thavA jevuM lAge che. eTale upADI levuM ane bahetara lAgyuM che. vicAra karatAM durasta e lAgyuM ke, jema eka be patrakAre, bemAMthI chelle mu-azoka ane priyadarzana ane temaja dIlhI yunivarsiTInA itihAsanA adhyApaka vyaktio bhinna bhinna che te-sAbita karavAnuM kAma zrIyata DaoN. bulacaMde ane anAmalAI yunivarsiTInA ghaNuM vizALa che. tene mATe to eka svataMtra pustaka ja tevAja heddedAra zrIyuta zrInivAsAcArIe pitAnA lakhAI rahyuM che. te pragaTa thaye tenI khAtrI karI avalokanamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, atyAra sudhI bhAratanA zakAze, paraMtu pahelo mudo-elekajhAMDaranA samakAlIna prAcIna itihAsanA pAyArUpa je be mULabhUta maMtavyo sekaTasane je caMdragupta TharAvyo che, te azokavardhana che-(1) I. sa. pU. 327 mAM alekjhAMDara hiMda che te atra hAtha dharI zakAze. joke te muddo paNa upara caDI Avyo tyAre je magadhapatine seDeTasanuM bIjA mudAnA pAyArUpa hovAthI, tenA mATe lakhAtAM nAma grIka ItihAsakAroe ApyuM che ane jene pustakamAM ApavAmAM Avaze ja; chatAM vAcakavarganI hiMdI itihAsamAM caMdragupta tarIke oLakhAvyo che te keTalIka sagavaDatA sacavAtI hovAthI, ame tene nAnI ane (2) sArA hidamAM patharAyela khaDakale-staMbha pustikAnA AkAre aMgrejImAM bahAra pADe che, jene lekhe AdinA kartA priyadarzinane, maurya samrATa azoka Avazyaka anuvAda atre gujarAtImAM ApIzuM. mAnI levAyo che te bannene-A graMthakartAe (eTale upa2 pR. 289mAM itihAsa ubho karavAne je pAMca | nAkhyA hovAthI, AkhAye itihAsane sAdhanono ApaNe nirdeza karI gayA chIe tene temAM svarUpa pharI jatuM dekhAya che. temanA A abhiprAya prathama ullekha karIne, paraspara temanI keTalI kiMmata sAthe ame keTaleka aMze maLatA thaIe chIe ja. AkArAya te jaNAvyuM che, eTale teTale bhAga chaDI paraMtu jyAM AkhA graMthanAM be hajAra jeTalAM pRSThomAM daIzuM. tene mAtra sAra ja kahI daIe ke te pAMce aneka-bake kahe ke pAne pAne-navI hakIkato ane sAdhanomAMthI sauthI vizeSa AdhArabhUta ane majabUta siddhAMta (theories) bharela hoya tyAM, kevaLa purAvArUpa, to samayanA AMkaDA ja gaNI zakAze. ATaluM uparanI be vastusthitine ja sarva AbhArI gaNI jaNAvyA bAda mULa viSayane hAtha dharatAM kahyuM che ke - na zakAya. tethI vizeSa ghaNAM kAraNo hoya ja. alabatta samrATa azoka te ja priyadarzina che evA nirNaya kabUla karIe ke Akhoye itihAsa saMkalita ane upara AvavAne sarve vidvAnoe nIce pramANe tArIkhane saMgaThita sthitimAM raju karatAM, te be prasaMgone paNa Azraya lIdhe jaNAco che -

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bhAratavarSa ] (1) caMdragupta maurya (I. sa. pU. 325-322thI 301-298 sudhInAM) 24 varSa; temAM alekjhAMDara dhI greITa sAthenuM yuddha 326-25 selyukasa nirkaTAranI caDAI megesthenIjhanuM elacIpaNe AvavuM (3) biMdusAra (I. sa. pU. 301-298thI 273 sudhI) 28 varSa 305 303 uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo gAdIpati thavuM 301-298 (3) azAka (i. sa. pU. 273thI 232 sudhI)41 varSa tenuM gAdIe AvavuM 273 rAjyAbhiSeka 269 kaliMganuM yuddha 261 azAkanuM maraNu 232 (1) AmAM keTaluM satya che te tapAsI joie. A sAlavArI jotAM prathama te e ja khyAla baMdhAya che ke, mauryavaMzanI sthApanA I. sa. pU. 325-22mAM thai che. tene AdhAra grIka itihAsamAM sikandara khAdazAha jyAre hiMda upara caDI AvyA tyAre magadhapatine seMDrekATa tarIke jene eLakhAvyA che tene vidvAnAe kevaLa uccAranA sAmyane lIdhe caMdragupta TharAgyeA che te upara avalaMbe che. A kAMI vajanadAra pUrAvA na kahevAya. ulaTA evA sahara pUrAvA che ke caMdragupta teA tenI mAnI lIdhelI tArIkha I. sa. pU. 322-karatAM lagabhaga 50) varSa pUrve magadhapati banyA hatA, tenAM keTalAMka pramANeA A pramANe cheH-- (1) magadhanI gAdIe naMdavaMza pachI lAgalA ja mauryavaMza AvyA che kemake arthazAstranA raciyatA pelA prasiddha 5. cANakaye naMda chellAne laDAImAM harAvIne caMdragupta maune magadhanI gAdIe besAryA. hatA te hakIkata sarva mAnya lekhAI che. eTale jo naMdavaMzanA aMtane samaya nakkI karAya te| mAvaMzanI AdinA samaya Ape|Apa maLI raheze. purANamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, nA pahelA gAdIe beThA tyAra pachI seA varSe caMdragupta magadhapati thayA che. (i. a pu. 32, pR. 231 jue) eTale ke navaMzanI ane mauryavaMzanI Adi vacce sA varSanuM aMtara che, ane 8 [ 297 A naMdavaMza magadhanI gAdIe zizunAgavaMza pachI tarata AvyA che. vaLI jaina ane bRddha pustakA AdhAre jaNAyuM che ke, zizunAgavaMzI pAMcamA rAjA zreNika urphe biMbisAra, mahAvIra ane yuddhadeva bannenA samakAlIna hatA. vaLI i. e. sana 1914 pR. 133 kahyuM che ke, rAjA biMbisAra yuddhadevanI pahelAM A varSe maraNa pAmyA che. eTale ke biMbisAranI pAchaLa gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra ajAtazatrunA rAjye AThamA varSe yuddhadevanuM nirvANu thayuM che. (I. e. pu. 37, pR. 342; ke hiM. iM. pR. 157: i. e. 1914, pR. 132 ) vaLI sAbita thayuM che ke ajAtazatrunA rAjyakALe khIjA varSe mahAvIra nirvANa pAmyA che. ane mahAvIranuM nirvANu sarvAnumate I. sa. pU. para6-7 TharAvAyuM che [se. mu. che. pu. 22mAM preA. haramana jekAkhI lakhe zvetAMbara ane digaMbara ane I. sa. pU. para6mAM mahAvIra nirvANa pAmyA viSe ekamata che. jIe hA. jai. prastA. pR. 14; hemacaMdra pariziSTaparva pR.37:- vikramasaMvata pUrve 470 varSe nirvANa H 470+57=127; kalpasUtra, sTIvansana kRta, pR. 8 ane 496 : ja. mAM. cheM. rA. e. sA. pu. 9 mAM DaoN. bhAudAjInA lekha : meruttuMganI sthavIrAvalI pR: 149H ja. za. e. sA. anuvAda pu. 3, pR. 358, lekhaka mAIlsa. i. e. pu. 43 (sana 1914) pR. 132, lekhaka DaoN. jAla kArmenTIera I. I.] A sarva AdhAranI gaNatrIe biMbisAranuM maraNu ane ajAtazatrunuM gAdIe AvavuM I. sa. pU. para8 Thare che temaja buddhadevanuM nirvANu i. sa. pU. pura. kare che. vaLI bauddha pustakAmAM (dIpavaMza III, 56-61: mahAvaMza II, 258, ane AgaLaH tathA ja. e. khi. rI. e. pu. 1, pR. 97, TI. naM. 109: I. e; 1914, pR. 33) lakhela che ke zreNIkanuM rAjya para varSa cAlyuM che, eTale ke tenA rAjyanA AraMbha para8-para=pa80 mAM thayA hatA. [vaLI evuM jAya che ke (mahAvaMza IV, 2, 3: divyAvadAna 36 V: bhA. prA. rAjavaMza pu. 2, pR. 30, 31:

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298 ] uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo I. e. 1914, pR. 165) ajAtazatrune pautra rAjA muMda, magadhanI gAdIe yuddha nirvANu khAda 40 varSe thayA che. eTale tene samaya I. sa. pU. 480 thayA. (e. iMDiA pu. 1, pR. 290) tathA] rAjA zreNika ane tenA cAra uttarAdhikArIe maLIne 178 varSa rAjya karyuM che. (e. iM. pu. 1, pR. 197 teTa naM. 33,) eTale tenI matalaba e thaI ke zizunA - vaMzanA aMta 580-108 = I. sa. pU. 472mAM AvyA hatA. [ prAcIna (5) ja. e. bi.rI. seA. pu. 1. pR. 104. TI. 137:-zvetAMbara jaineAnA mata pramANe (harmana jekAkhInuM pariziSTa, prastA. pR. 95) caMdraguptanA magadhapati thavA ane AryasuddhastijInA gaNanAyaka thavA vacce 109-110 varSa gaNAya che. A suhastijI je saMprati rAjAnA gurU hatA temanuM padharapaNuM ma, saM. 265mAM gaNe che. te hisAbe 265-110=ma. saM. 155=I. sa. pU. 372mAM caMdraguptanuM magadhapati thavuM Avaze. vaLI khauddhagraMtha (jue. i. kA. iM. pra. pR. 32 dIpavaMza mahAvaMza ane budhASakRta samaMtaprasAkiAmAM caMdraguptanA 24, biMdusAranA 28-azAka pR. 206, TI. 1) caMdraguptanA 24 ane jainagraMthA tenA 14 varSAM gaNAve che. A naveka varSaneA taphAvata saheje samajI zakAya tevA che, kemake, aiAddha ane paiArANika naMda-graMtha pramANe caMdraguptanuM gAdInazIna thavuM, I. sa. A pramANe pUravAra thayuM ke zizunAgavaMzane aMta I. sa. pU. 472mAM Avyo che. vaLI jaina, bauddha ane paurANika mAnyatA pramANe naMdavaMza ke je tenI pAchaLa AvyA che te 100 varSa paryaMta cAlyA che (iM. e. pu. 32, pR. 231: enzanTa IMDiyA pu. 1, pR. 195, pu. 2, pR. 304, 325) eTale vaMzanA aMta I. sa. pU. 372mAM AvyA kahI zakAze ane te ja varSe` eTale 372mAM caMdragupta magadhapati thayA gaNAze. pU. 381mAM, jo kaiM gaNAyuM che, parantu buddhasaMvatanI gaNanA e rIte karAtI dekhAya che. uttaraviMdamAM yuddhanA nirvANa (I. sa. pU. 543)nA samayathI gaNanA karAya che. eTale 543nI gaNatrIe ane caMdraguptanuM rAjya 24 varSa cAlyuM che. te hisAbe I. sa. pU. 381mAM tenuM gAdIe besavuM, ane 358mAM tenA rAjyanA aMta gaNAze jyAre jaina gaNanAthI I. sa. pU. 37ramAM tenuM magadha samrATa thavuM mAnyuM che te aiAda varSa tenuM rAjya gaNI I. sa. pU. 358mAM aMta gaNe che; bannemAM rAjyanA aMta 358mAM gaNAyA che paraMtu gAdIe besavAnI sAla ekamAM (baiddhamAM) jyArathI te nAnA rAjyaneA svAmI thayA tyArathI (3) janarala kaniMgahAmanA graMthanAnusAra yuddhusaMvata 162=I. sa. pU. 382 mAM caMdragupta rAjA thayeAgaNI che ane khIjAe (jainamAM) jyArathI te magadha che. (jue IM. kA. iM. prastAvanA pR. 4). samrATa thayA tyArathI lekhI che. (4) jaina sAhityAnusAra (pariziSTaparva, sarga 8, A badhI hakIkatathI sAbita thayuM kahevAze ke, pR. 339H enjI. IMDiyA, pu. 1, pR. 200, ke. hi mairyavaMzanI sthApanA I. sa. pU. 381mAM jyArathI IM. pR. 156: I. hi. kavA. pu. 5, 1929 sapTe.caMdragupte rAjya karavA mAMDayuM tyArathI gaNAze. parantu pR. 400) caMdragupte naMdavaMzanA aMta mahAvIra saMvatanA 155mA varSe karyo cheH eTale ke 57-155=. sa. pU. 37ramAM. eTale ke 372mAM te magadhapati anyA hatA. te magadhaneA samrATa nava varSa bAda 372mAM thayA hatA (naMdavaMzane nAza karIne) ane tenA rAjyanA aMta 358mAM AvyA hatA; bIjI bAju alekajhAMDara tA I. sa. pU. 3ra7mAM AbhyA hatA, eTale enA (2) siMhAlijha'kronikalanA kathana pramANe aihusaMvata 162mAM (I. e. pu, 37, pR. 345) caMdragupta rAjA thayA che. A pustakA 543thI yuddhasaMvata gAtA hovAthI 381mAM caMdragupta prathama nAnakaDA saMsthAnanA rAjA thayA ane te samayathI mairyavaMzanI sthApanA thai gaNAya. te bAda nava varSe. teNe naMdane harAvIne magadhanI gAdI I. sa. pU. 372mAM hastagata karI che.

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] samaya vacce lagabhaga 30 varSanuM aMtara paDI jAya che. jethI sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke grIka itihAsakAranA saDrekATasa te magadhasamrATa caMdragupta nathI ja. (jJA) ApaNA A anumAnane anya pUrAvAthI paNa sAbita karI zakAya tema che. (1) alekajhAMDaranuM maraNa I. sa. pU. 323mAM nIpajyuM che. te nisaMtAna heAvAthI tenI gAdIe tena saradAra selyukasa nikaTeTara AvyeA che. teNe 18 varSamAM lagabhaga khAreka vakhata hiMda upara niSphaLa humalAe karyA hatA. aMte thAkIne i. sa. pU. 304mAM tene seIkATasa sAthe saMdhI karavAnI pharaja paDI hatI. A samaye saDrekeTasanA rAjyanuM 26muM varSa cAlatuM hatuM. (a. hi . trIjI AvRtti pR. 119, 196-7, 431 ane 472; prA. huTajhanuM I. kA. IM. pu. 1 prastA. pR. 35) A saMdhInI eka zarata pramANe selyukasane peAtAnI putrIne seDrekeTasa vere paraNAvavI paDI hatI. eka khAjAM kahevuM ke caMdraguptanuM (jemane temaNe seMDUkATasa gaNAvyA che tenuM) rAjya 24 varSa cAlyuM che ne bIjI bAjuM kahevuM ke te seDrekeTasanA 26mA varase selyukase peAtAnI putrI paraNAvI hatI. zuM A kathana asaMbaMdha nathI lAgatuM ? (2) seIkATasanA darabAre megesthenIjhane elacI tarIke 'selyukase mokalyA hatA. have jo seOkATasane caMdragupta laie. teA caMdraguptane amAtya paM. cANakaya ane megesthenIjha ane samakAlIna karyA. A baMne mahApurUSoe te vakhatanI rAjakIya ane sAmAjIka paristhitinuM potapotAnA pustakAmAM (eke arthazAstramAM ane khIjAe peAtAnI DAyarImAM) varNana karyuM che. svAbhAvika che ke te varNanA ekabIjAne maLatAM AvavAM joie. parantu enjI. iMDiyA pu. 2. pR. 402thI 404mAM jaNAvyA pramANe aneka bAbatamAM te bhinna paDI jAya che. (3) vaidika, jaina ane bauddha grantheAmAM caMdraguptanuM vRttAMta maLe che, chatAM ekremAM alekajhAMDaranA nAmane nirdeza thayela dekhAtA paNa nathI. (4) grIka itihAsakArAe, seIkATasanI gAdIe [ ra99 AvanArane amitrazcAta kahyo che (pre. huTajhanuM i. ke. iM. pu. 1. pra. pR. 31 : bilsaTrApsa pR. 92). jyAre jaina graMthakArAe (e. iMDiyA. pu. 2. pR. 257) A birUda saMprAMta urphe priyadarzinanuM gaNAvyuM che. ane caMdraguptanI gAdIe AvanAra biMdusArane tA amitraketu kahyo che. . A badho (5+4=9) carcAnA sAra e thayA ke caMdraguptane samaya I. sa. pU. 381thI 358 che eTale alekjhAMDara I.sa. pU. 327mAM AvyA tyAre te te kyAranA marI gayA hatA. paraMtu tenA samakAlina tarIke jene se'IkATasa lekhanyeA che, te tA caMdraguptanA kAI vArasadAra ja hAvA joie. pachI te tenA putra ke pautra hatA te tapAsavuM rahe che. upara joI gayA chIe ke caMdraguptanA rAjyane aMta I. sa. pU. 358mAM AvyA hatA te pachI tenA putra biMdusAra AvyA tenuM rAjya 28 varSa (vAyupurANanA mate 25 varSa) che eTale i. sa. pU. 330mAM tenA rAjyanA aMta gaNAya. te khAda azoka thayA che tenuM rAjya 41 varSa eTale 330thI 289 sudhI cAlyuM che, eTale sAbita thayuM kahevAze ke alekjhAMDare jyAre 327mAM hiMda upara caDhAI karI tyAre azAka ja magadha samrATa hatA ane tene ja grIka ItihAsakArAnA seIkATasa tarIke oLakhavA raheze. azAka ane priyadarzina anne judI ja vyakti che. prathamanA muddo--mauryavaMzanI sthApanA caMdragupte 382 I. sa. pU. karI hatI. alekjhAMDara 327mAM jyAre hindamAM AvyAM tyAre caMdragupta tA kayAranA marI paNa gayA hatA ane 327mAM magadhasamrATa zAkanuM rAjya tapatuM hAvAthI tene ja seMDrekATasa kahI zakAya. A hakIkata uparamAM sAbita karI devAi che. tevaDI ja mATI bIjI galatI atyAra sudhI thayelI je cAlI Ave che-ke azeAka ane priyadarzina eka che. tene sudhAravAnuM kAma have AraMbhIzuM. seDrekATasane caMdragupta mAnI levAthI bhAratIya ItihAsamAM je khkharaDA vaLAI gayA che tenA karatAM, azeAkane priya darzana TharAvavAthI te anekagaNA vizeSa-kahA ke dhAr

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300 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna anyAya-goTALe ubho thavA pAme che; kemake priya- buddha bhagavAnanA jIvananA mukhya banA, aMjana darzinanI kRtio-zilAlekhe, staMbhalekho, rAkSasI kadanI saMvatanI je sAlemAM banyA hatA tenuM varNana siMhAlIjha mUrtio I. I.ne-azokanI TharAvavAthI, tenA dharmanI kronIkalsamAM nIce pramANe ApyuM che (i. . pu. eTale bauddhadharmanI lekhavI paDI che. jyAre priyadarzina 32, pR. 228):pite jenadhamAM hovAthI te sarva kRtio tenA ja temanI uMmara dharmanA pratikarUpa gaNAya temAM bauddhadharmane lAgatuM vaLagatuM buddhane janma-68 (aMjana saMvata)mAM... 0 na kahevAya. chatAM priyadarzinanA zilAlekho ane staMbha saMsAratyAga 97 (sadara)mAM...29 lekhomAM nirdiSTa karelI vANIne, pitAnI pUrvabaddha thayela , upadezane AraMbha 103 (saMdara)mAM...35 mAnyatAne baMdhabesatI karavAne temanA aneka zabdo ,, jJAnaprApti (nirvANa) 127% (sadara)mAM...59 tathA arthane manaphAvatI rIte maraDavA paDayA che ane ,, maraNuM (parinirvANu) 148 (sadara)mAM...80 svAbhAvika che ke, tema karavA jatAM aneka binapAyA. (uparanI hakIkatane ke. hi. I. pR. 156-7: dAra vastuone Azraya temane levuM paDe che. A I. eN. pu. 37, pR. 34raH tathA I. e. 1914 pramANe nakArAtmaka pUrAvAthI jema azAka ne priyadarzina pR. 13rathI samarthana maLI rahe che). vaLI ApaNe bhinna bhinna vyakti tarIke pUravAra karI zakAya che tema pR. 297 jaNAvI gayA chIe ke rAjA ajAtazatrunA sIdhA pUrAvAthI paNa te sAbita karI zakAya che. ke rAjya bIjA varSe mahAvIra I. sa. pU. 57mAM ane samrATa priyadarzina pate jaina hatA eTale tenI kRtio AThamA varSe buddhadeva maraNa pAmyA hatA. A uparathI jaina dharmanAM prabhAvasUcaka ane smRti darzaka smAraka samajAze ke te banne mahAtmAonA maraNa vacce cihano che. ane tema pUravAra thayuM eTale svarya, AkhAye cha varSa jeTaluM aMtara che eTale buddhadevanuM maraNa I. itihAsane palaTo Apavo paDaze ja. A vastusthiti sa. pU. pa0mAM lekhAze. jethI buddhadevanA jIvana nizcayapUrvaka sAbita karavA mATe, itihAsa sarjananA banAvane ApaNe I. sa. pUnA AMkamAM pheravIe te pAMca sAdhanomAMthI atUTa evA samayadarzaka AMkaDA- nIce pramANe lekhAze. enI madada ja ApaNe laIzuM. sAthesAthe anya i. sa. pU. umara, purAvAnI paNa avagaNanA karIzuM nahIM ja. (1) buddhadevano janma 600 0 | juo enzanTa - priyadarzina ane azoka eka ja vyakti che (2) temano saMsAratyAga 571 29 | IDiyA pu. 2, ema mAnavAne temaNe be mukhya siddhAMta upara vajana (3) prathama upadeza 565 35 | pR. 8 mUkayuM che. eka sekeTasane caMdragupta gaNAvyo che ne (4) temane jJAnaprANI bIje, zilAlekhonI hakIkatone azokanA jIvana vRttAMta (nirvANuM) 542-3 57 ] prAcIna bhAratasAthe maLatI AvatI gaNAvI che. pahele siddhAMta (5 | varSa pu. 2, pR. 8 kevo khoTo che te pUravAra thaI gayuM che. atra bIjA (parinirvANa) para0 80) * mahAne AzrayIne ApaNe carcA karavI rahe che. samrATa nidha--uttarahiMdamAM buddhasaMvatanI gaNanA temanA azoka ddhadhamAM hatuM eTale tenA jIvana upara prakAza parinirvANa-maraNathI ja eTale 520nI sAlathI ane pADavAmAM, bauddha sAhityamAM varNavela banAvIne samaya, dakSiNa hiMdamAM temane jJAnaprAptinA-nirvANanA samabuddhasaMvatamAM nirdiSTa thayela hovAthI buddhasaMvatane yathI eTale 541nI sAlathI gaNAya che. eTale be samaya prathama nakkI karI levuM paDaze. gaNanA vacce 21 varSanuM aMtara rakhAya che. uparamAM * 125 hevA saMbhava che, praphanI bhUla thaI lAge che, te samaye temanI uMmara 57nI lekhavI raheze,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe jJAnaprApti samaye temanI umara 19 varSanI lakhI che bhiSekanI vidhi thaI che. tenA pitAnuM maraNa nirvANa paraMtu 57 hevAnuM vadhAre saMbhavita che. (juo TIkA*) pachI 214 varSe thayuM che. ane te bAda cAra varase eTale 21 varSanA aMtaranA sthAne 23 varSa gaNAze jyAre teNe pitAnA bhAIone zAMta karI lIdhA tathA temane samaya 543 gaNavo paDaze.] tyAre tene rAjyAbhiSeka karAyo che (eM. IrAjhabaddhasaMvatanI tArIkhe A pramANe nakkI thaI kaniMgahAmakata-pR. 34-36) eTale azokano pitA 'gaI. have azokanA rAjyakALanI tArIkha goThavIe. biMdusAra 544-214-330 I. sa. pU. mAM maraNa (1) siMhAlIjha kronIkala jaNAve che ke, buddha pAme ane te bAda cAra varSe 326 mAM ane nirvANa pachI 218 varSe azokane rAjyAbhiSeka rAjyAbhiSeka thayo gaNAya. thaye hato (dIpavaMza VI, 1H I. eN. pu. 32. 5. (6) saMzodhana khAtAnA AsisTanTa DirekaTara 266 I. e. pu. 37, pR. 345H azoka (smItha) janarala mi. pI. sI. mukarajI vizeSa abhyAsanA pR. 209; ja, ro. e. sa. 1932, pR. 285.) pariNAme evA sAra upara AvyA che ke ( I. oM. vizeSamAM kahe che ke, buddhanirvANa pachI 214 varSe pu. 32, pR. 232) I. sa. pU. 329 ane 325 potAnA pitA bisAranI gAdIe azoka beThe. te vacce aMzaka gAdIe beTho hato. pachI cAra varSe eTale 218 varSe tene rAjyAbhiSeka (7) i. e. pu. 32, pR. 342 jaNAvyuM che thayo hato. siMhAlIjhanI gaNatrI dakSiNa hindanI ke, zreNika-biMbisAranA rAjyAbhiSeka ane azokanA paddhatie hovAthI 543-218=325-6 I. sa. pU. rAjyanA aMta vacce 311 varSanuM aMtara che. kahevAnI mAM azokane rAjyAbhiSeka thayo kahevAya. ane teno matalaba e che ke azokanuM rAjya 580-311=269 gAdIe besavuM tathA bindusAranuM maraNa I. sa. pU. -70 I. sa. pU. mAM khatama thayuM hatuM [ kharI rIte 330mAM maraNa thayuM gaNAya. A sAlamAM to azakanuM maraNa thayuM che. jyAre teNe (2) cinAI graMthanA "sudarzana vibhAsa' nAme pitAnA pautrane I.sa. pU. 289 mAM gAdI soMpI anuvAdamAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, (I. e. pu. 37, pR. nivRtti lIdhI hatI. ] 349) azoka bu. saM. 218mAM thaI gayo che. cina, (8) pro. huTajhanA maMtavya pramANe I. ke. I. barmA tathA siMhaladvIpamAM eka ja paddhatie kAma levAtuM (ke. e. i. pu. 1. pR. 85). selyukase pitAnI hovAthI temanA hisAbe paNa azokano samaya 325-6 putrI I. sa. pU. 304 mAM sikreTasane paraNAvI AvI raheze. hatI. se keTasa 330 mAM gAdIe beThA hatA. ApaNe (3) De. kalITa paNa azokanA rAjyAbhiSekanI puravAra karI batAvyuM che ke 330 mAM caMdragupta nahIM miti upara pramANe ja Ape che (i. e. pu. 37, paNa azaka gAdIe Avyo che. eTale siddha thAya che ke, pR. 350). * azoka ja pitAnA rAjyanA 330-30=26mA varSe (4) janarala kaniMgahAma pitAne i. ke. I. selyukasanI putrIne paraNyo hato. (nIce naM. 9 juo). pra. pR. 9mAM lakhe che ke bu. saM. 215thI 256 (9) a. hiM. I. trIjI AvRtti pR. 119, mi. eTale I. sa. pU. 329 thI 284=41 varSa paryata, smitha lakhe che ke, pitAnA rAjya 26 mA varSe te (4 varSa rAjA tarIkenA + 24 samrATanA + 13 yavanarAjanI putrIne paraNyo hato. [ A yavanaputrI rIjaMTanA maLI 41 varSa) azokanuM rAjya cAlyuM che. te ja selyukasanI kuMvarI jANavI). | (5) silena ane barmAnA baiddha sAhityagraMthomAM | sarvano sAra e thayo ke - chellA buddha zAkyamuninuM nirvANa I. sa. pU. 544mAM (a) azokanuM gAdIe besavuM I. sa. pU. 330 noMdhAyuM che. te bAda 218 varSa azakanA rAjyA. (A) tene rAjyAbhiSeka , 326

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302 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna (i) tene rAjyakALa 41 varSane rAjayane keTalAMye varase gAdIe AvyA che. paraMtu naM. 2 ne aMta 289 thaDAka varSaparyata azokanA samakAlIna tarIke rahyAnuM kahI (I) tenuM maraNa 82 varSanI uMmare, 270 zakAze. eTale spaSTapaNe siddha thayuM kahevAze ke teo (u) teno janma (270+82) 35ra azokanA samasamayI nahotA ja. temaja khaDakalekhane [ a. hi. I. nI cothI AvRttimAM mi. barajesa kartA paNa azaka nathI ja; paraMtu tenI gAdIe jaNAve che ke, azeke potAnA jIvananAM aMtima AvanAra anya rAjA he joIe, te nAma priya19 varSo (289 thI 270) nivRtta avasthAmAM dakSina che ema khuda zilAlekhomAM ja jaNAveluM che. ane AtmadhyAnamAM gALyAM hatAM ]. uparanA banAvane eTale azoka pachI gAdIe AvanAra tarIke priyadarzina anukramavAra goThavIe te paNa siddha thaI gayA temaja azoka ane priyadarzina I. sa. pU. tenI uMmara baMne bhinna che ema paNa siddha thaI gayuM kahevAze. (1) azokane janma 352 0 anya lekhothI paNa te ja hakIkata sAbita karI (2) prAMtika sUbApade 330 sudhI 22 zakAya che. jemake sahastrAmanA lekhamAM 250no AMka (3) gAdIpati 330 thI 326 (4varSa sudhI) 26 lakhAyela che. vidvAnoe tene artha ema karyo che ke, (4) samrATapade 326 thI 302 (24 varSa) 50 azoke 256 rAtrI sudhI pUjA bhakti karI hatI, (5) rIjaTa tarIke 302 thI 289 (13 varSa) 63 paraMtu temAM je "viyutha' zabda lakhyo che tene artha (6) nivRttimAM 289 thI 270 (19 varSa) 82 "sadagata pAmela, nirvANu thayela AtmA" e thAya (7) maraNa 270 82 che. teno artha prathama te vidvAnoe "saddagata AtmA - have priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekha naM. 13 mAM je pachI 256 vaSe' emaja karyo hato ane azoka pAMca paradezI rAjAonAM nAma teNe ApyAM che tenA tathA priyadarzina eka ja che e mAnyatAne AdhAre samakAlIna tarIke azAka hoI zake ke kema te ApaNe te AMkane buddhasaMvata 256muM varSa TharAvyuM hatuM kemake tapAsI zakIzuM. (pro. hulTajha i. ke. I. pu. 1) azoka baiddhadharma pALatA hatA. have je tene bu. saM yAda rAkhavAnuM che ke, temaNe azoka ane priyadarzinane paranI gaNatarIe lekhIe te 520-256=364 eka ja vyakti lekhI che. temAM Apela pAMca rAjAonAM Avaze, jyAre azokane maraNa pAmyAne paNa cha varSa nAma:-(1) eTika, siriyAno rAjA (enTi- thaI gayAM hatAM ane 543nI gaNatarI laIe te ekasa pahele, dhI eraTara) I. sa. pU. 280-262 543-256=287 Avaze ke jyAre azake kayAranI (2) turUmaya, ijIptano rAjA (TolemI 2 , nivRtti paNa laI lIdhI hatI. A pramANe bemAMthI philADelasa) I. sa. pU. 285-247 sudhI eke rIte 250no AMka buddhasaMvata sAthe besatA na (3) maka-siriyAne megasa, I. sa. pU. thayo. eTale vidvAne pAchI muMjhavaNamAM paDayA ne temaNe 300-250 upara jaNAvyA pramANe 256 rAtrIpujA-bhaktimAM (4) eNTikinI-mesiDonIyAne enTIgansa gALI hatI evo no artha besArI dIdho. paraMtu geTasa; I. sa. pU. 276-239. kharI hakIkata e che ke A sarva lekho chetarAvanAra (5) alekjhAMDara-epAIrasano alekjhAMDaraH I. rAjA priyadarzina che. te jainadhama hatA eTale te sa. pU. 27ra-255 mahAvIranAsaMvatane mAnate hate. tathA sahasrAma gAme have A pAMce yavanapatinA samaya sAthe lekhamAM 256nI sAla lakhavAno muddo e hato ke, te azokanA samayane sarakhAvIzuM che temAMnA cAra te sthAne samrATa azoka ma. sa. 256mAM maraNa pAmyo (1, 2, 4 ane 5) azoke nivRtti lIdhI te pachI hato, ema priyadarzine jAhera karyuM che. eTale siddha thAya

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ 303 che ke azaka ane priyadarzina bhinna hatA, temaja rAjya 21mA varSe (472-21) 451 mAM pAMDuvAsanuM priyadarzina jaina matAnuyAyI hatA. maraNa thayuM. (I) caMdraguptanA 14mA varSe (382-14) siddhApura, brahmagiri, rUpanAtha I. I. nA anya 368mAM paMkuDaka maraNa pAme. (u) azokanA rAjyAlekhomAMthI paNa te ja hakIkatane samarthana maLI AvatuM bhiSeka bAda 17 mA varSe (326-17) 309 mAM rahe che. temAM spaSTa rIte darzAvAyuM che ke, priyadarzine muTAsiva maraNa pAmyo. (4) ane priyadarzinanA pitAnI 32 varSanI uMmara hatI tyAre te ubhA rAye (jene vidvAnoe azaka gaNAvyo che) 26mA karAvyA che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke teno janma varSe (290-26) 264mAM tisAnuM maraNa thayuM hatuM. I. sa. pU. 303-4mAM thayo hato. (enzanTa iDiyA [dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM ke, tissA nAme be purUSo thayA pu. 2, pR. 256 ane AgaLa) te gaNatrIe tenuM che. eka, azakane bhAI tissA (amane khyAla che 33muM varSa I. sa. pU. 270-1 Avaze. tene mahAvIra tyAMsudhI tenuM nAma tissAM nahIM paNa tiSya hatuM. saMvatamAM pheravI nAkhatAM AbAda 256nI sAla AvI juo prA. bhAratavarSa pu. 2, pR. 261, TI. naM. 63) raheze, je AMka sahasrAmanA lekhamAM paNa jaNAvela ane bIjo siMhalapati hissA. A banne nAmanI che. AthI be vAtanI sAbitI maLI rahI. (1) priya sAmyatAne lIdhe vidvAnoe banene tissA nAmathI darzina jainadharma hato ne teNe ja sarva khaDakalekho saMbedhyA che ne bannenAM maraNa azokanA rAjya thayAnuM taiyAra karAvyA che, nahIM ke samrATa azoke (2) tathA manAvyuM che. temane azokane bhAI te azokanA priyadarzina ane azoka bane jadI ja vyaktio che. rAjya 8mAM varSe (318mAM) maraNa pAmyA che. paNa anya dezone ItihAsa paNa sarakhAvI joIe. siMhalapati rAjA hissA te priyadarzinanA rAjya 26mA mahAvaMza ane bIjA bauddhagraMtho AdhAre nIce pramANe varSa (290-26) 263-4 maraNa pAmela che chatAM. siMhaladIpanA rAjAonI vaMzAvaLI (I. eN. 1914, azoka ane priyadarzinane eka mAnatA hovAthI temaNe pR. 169 TI. 63: ke hi. I. tathA mahAvaMza VII, siMhalapatine paNa azokanA rAjya maraNa pAmyAnuM 51) goThavAya che. jaNAvyuM che. jyAre kharI hakIkata ema che ke, I. sa. pU. I. sa. pU. varSa siMhalapati muTAsIva maraNa pAmyA che, (pu. 2, 5. (1) vijaya para0 482 38 264, TI. naM. 71) tyAre azokanuM rAjaya (rAjyA(2) gALo (inTareganama) 482 481 1 bhiSeka bAda) 17 varSa te cAlI paNa gayuM hatuM ane (3) pAMDuvAsa 481 451 bAkI 20 varSa ja rahyAM hatAM tathA azokanA maraNa (4) abhaya 451 431 20 samaye tissAne gAdIe besI gayA lagabhaga tereka (5) paMkuDaka (lUMTAre) 431 368 64 varSa paNa thaI gayAM hatAM. eTale mAnavuM ja rahe che (6) musATIva 368 309 59 ke rAjA hissAnuM maraNa azokanI pAchaLa gAdIe (7) gALo (InTareganama) 309 307 6 AvanAra priyadarzinanA rAjya 26mA varSe thayuM hatuM.] (8) tissA bIjA dezonA itihAsa zuM kahe che te paNa (9) uttiya 263 253 10 tapAsIe. niliva ane kRminDIAInA staMbhalekhathI uparanI sAlavArI sAthe, magadhapatinI vaMzAvaLIo mAluma paDe che ke priyadarzina, nepALa, bhUTAna, tibeTa sarakhAvatAM, badho meLa paNa maLI rahe che, jemake (a) I. himAlayanI pelI pAranA dezonI mulAkAta lIdhI ajAtazatrunA rAje 8mA varSe (pa28-8) 520 mAM che. vaLI kAzmiranA itihAsathI jANI cUkyA chIe vijaya gAdIe beThe ane udayanarAye 14mA varSe (mAxbhA. pu. 2, pR. 489 ane AgaLa) tyAM (496-14) 482mAM te maraNa pAmyo. (A) nAgadazaka dharmAzAka nAme eka rAjA thayA hatA. mi. TomAsanA

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304 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna kathana pramANe (kaNakRta rAjataraMgiNi-anuvAdaka zake che ke (1) azokanA maraNa pachI turata ja magadha pro. sTAIna) teNe te dezamAM jainadharma dAkhala karyo sAmrAjyanA be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pUrva hato. eTale mAnavAne kAraNe maLe che ke, kadAca je ane pazcima (2) pUrvabhAga upara azokane eka rAjAe A lekhe ubhA karAvyA che tene saMbaMdha hoya. pautra dazaratha rAjya karatA hatA, ne tenuM rAjanagara, vaLI tibeTano nAmAMkita vidvAna paM. tArAnAtha, boTAna pATaliputra hatuM jyAre pazcimabhAga upara azokanA vize lakhatAM jaNAve che ke, saMbAti (saMprati) e te bIjA pautra saMpratine adhikAra hatA ne tenuM rAjanagara deza upara 54 varSa rAjya karyuM che. mahAvaMzamAM A ujenI hatuM (3) tibeTane rAjA bAti (saMpratinuM pradezanA rAjAnI je vaMzAvaLI ApI che temAM dharmA- apabhraMza lAge che, jene smithe, kAzmiranA dharmAzoka zokanuM rAjya 54 varSa cAlyAnuM kahyuM che. A saMbaMdhamAM tarIke oLakhAvyo che, teNe 54 varSa rAjya karyuM mi. vinseTa smithe (azoka pR. 82) TIkA karatAM hatuM, jyAre azake mAtra 41 varSa karyuM che. AthI jaNAvyuM che ke "azakanuM rAjya 54 varSa TharAvIne, vadhAre nahIM te eka vastu te spaSTa thAya che ja ke I. sa. pU. 301-2mAM laI javAthI dekhItI rIte (tibeTano) sabati te kAzmirane dharmAzoka bhale na 48-49 varSa pUrve tene laI javo paDe che." (A hoya, paraMtu te ane azoka bhinna to che ja, kemake varNana mi. smithe, paMDita tArAnAthe karela tibeTanA eke 54 varSa ane bIjAe 41 varSa rAjya karyuM che. rAjakumAra kusthAnanA vRttAMtamAMthI utAryuM che, ane upara TakelI sarva hakIkata ne avataraNanuM pitAne zaMkA lAgavAthI,dekhItI rIte zabda upara khAsa samIkaraNa karIzuM te e ja sAra nIkaLaze ke, azokanuM bhAra mUkayo hoya ema lAge che) eTale ke temaNe rAjya I. sa. pU. 330-289941 varSanuM hatuM; azokane ja dharmAzaka mAnI lIdhuM che. paraMtu bhUlavuM priyadarzina urphe saMprati (saMbAti athavA dharmazAka) joituM nathI ke, azake 41 varSa rAjya karyuM che jyAre teno pautra thato hato ane tenI pAchaLa turata ja priyadarzine 54 varSa karyuM che. A saMbati ane dharmAzAka gAdIe beTho hato tathA 54 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM vize have patto meLavIe. mi. smitha lakhe che ke eTale tene rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 289 thI 235 (azoka pR. 70):-"azekanA maraNa pachI, maurya sudhIne gaNI zakAya. sAmrAjyanA be bhAga pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. pUrva haju vizeSa pUrA joIto hoya te, cinAI bhAganI rAjadhAnI pATaliputra hatI ane tyAM dazarathane tavArIkhanA banAvo tapAsIzuM. pelA nAmAMkita lekhaka adhikAra hato. jyAre pazcimanI rAjadhAnI ujenI mi. rIkahIle vizvabharanI tAjIbImAMnI lekhAtI hatI ane tyAM saMpratino adhikAra hato. magadhanA cInAI dIvAlanA kartA cinAI zahenazAha zihu-vAMga samrATanI nAmAvalImAM saMpratinuM nAma purANakAroe vize keTaluMka varNana ApyuM che. temAMthI mi. smitha mUkyuM paNa che." bIjA lekhaka kahe che ke (mau. sA. eka vAkya utAratAM jaNAve che ke, "te cinAI I. pR. 654) "magadha upara saMpratie rAjya karyA samrATe I. sa. pU. 246-210=36 varSa rAjaya karyuM vizenA pUrAvAne ToTo nathI." vaLI ke hi. I. pR. hatuM, ane 221 mAM zahenazAha banyo hato tathA 166 mAM lakhela che ke, " azokanA bIjA pautra meTI dIvAla bAMdhI hatI. A tArIkho aMdAja kharI saMmatie sovasA ujainamAM rAjya bhagavyuM che. " lAge che kemake azokanuM rAjya I. sa. pU. 273 thI jainagraMtha pariziSTa parvamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, azokanA 242 sudhI cAlyuM che." (azoka, pR. 81). aMdhaputra kuNAlane putra saMprati, azokanI pachI gAdIe uparamAM ApaNe sAbita karI gayA chIe ke beTho hato. eTale ke saMprati azokane pautra thatA hatA. azokane samaya 330-289 no che. paNa jo tene uparanAM sarva avataraNano sAra A pramANe nIkaLI samaya 273 no laIe to teno artha e thayo ke,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 305 zivAMga 24mAM, eTale azoka gAdIe beThA pachI bedila dekhAte te tene sakhta zikSA karavAmAM AvatI. 27 varSe rAjA thayo che. jethI 330 mAMthI 27 varSa keTalAkane zarIranA avayavo paNa gumAvavA paDayA hatA. jatAM. 303 mAM kharI te rIte gAdIe beThe kahevAze A hakIkatathI sahaja kalpanA karI zakAya che ke, teNe ane tenuM rAjya 303-267=36 varSa cAlyuM kahe- kevI jhaDapathI ane priyadarzina taraphathI caDAIne lIdhe vAze. A samaye priyadarzinanuM rAjya cAlatuM hatuM eTale kevI adhikArAIthI, te kAma pUruM karyuM hovuM joIe. te, azokano nahIM paNa priyadarzinano samakAlIna paraMtu khoTAna chatI kAzimarane raste thaIne priyadarzinane gaNAze. vaLI te gAdIe AvyA pachI 246-221=25 svadeza sidhAvato jyAre teNe sAMbhaLyo tyAre tene mA varSe zahenazAha banyo che, jethI tenI kharI TakArAne dama lIdhe haze. pharIne cha varSe pAcho sAla 303-25 278 Avaze. bIjI bAju priya- priyadarzina nepAla gayo tyAre te divAla pUrI thayAne dazine potAnA staMbhalekhamAM jaNAvyuM che, ke teNe 14mA bAreka mahInA paNa thaI gayA hatA; paNa priyadarzinane varSe 290-14=76 mAM nepAlanI prathama, ane te cina dezanI ke tenI divAlanI kAMI paDI ja nahotI bAda cha varSa (pitAnA rAjya 20 mA varSe) 270mAM (tenA kAraNa mATe juo, enzanTa iDiyA, pu. 2 bIjI vAranI mulAkAta lIdhI hatI, ane te samaye teNe pR. 282-86). tene samaya maLyo hota toye caDAI tibeTa, khetAna vagere himAlayanI uttaranA pradezo karI hota ke kema te prazna che. kemake A samaye I. jItI lIdhA paNa hatA. A uparathI spaSTa thaze ke, sa. pU. 270 mAM samrATa azokanI bhara mAMdagInAzihuvAMge samrATapada dhAraNa karyuM te pachI deDha be balka tenA maraNanA-samAcAra maLatAM ja tarata te varSe ja priyadarzine, prathama prayANa te bAju karyuM che. svadeza pAcho pharyo hato. saMbhava che ke cinAI zahenacinAI zahenazAhe te divAla pote samrATa banyA zAhane. pate dIrdhadaSTithI baMdhAvelI divAla hiMdI pachI bAMdhI hatI ke prathamathI ja baMdhAyelI hatI te samrATane analaMghanIya dekhAvAthI caDAI karavAne ekkasa jaNAvyuM nathI. paraMtu je samrATapada dhAraNuM IrAdo paDato mUkAyo haze, evA vicAre saMtoSa paNa karyA pachI ja bAMdhI hoya te ema artha thAya ke, upa hoya. priyadarzina taraphathI cIna upara caDAInI bIkane lIdhe pR. 296 thI 305 sudhI karela carcAnuM yathAsthita tema karyuM haze. ane pUrve baMdhAyelI hoya te, prathama manana karavAmAM Avaze te cokkasa nirNaya baMdhAze ke te lAkaDAnI bAMdhI hevI joIe; kemake hiMda ane (1) seMkeTasa te caMdragupta nahIM paNa azoka hato. cIna vacce, cheka rAjA biMbisAranA samayathI vepA- (2) azokanuM rAjya I. sa. pU. 330 thI rIonI AvajA thayA karatI hatI. temaNe magadhanI 289041 varSa cAlyuM hatuM. alekjhAMDarane te ja maLyA rAjadhAnI pATaliputrane cAre bAju pharatI lAkaDAnI hato. temaja selyukase 304 mAM tene ja pitAnI divAlanI hakIkata sAMbhaLelI paNa hovI joIe. putrI paraNAvI hatI. jethI tenuM anukaraNa karAyuM lekhAya. paraMtu priyadarzine (3) tenI pachI priyadarzina gAdIe beTho hato. jotajotAmAM jyAre tibeTa ane beTAna laI lIdhAM tyAre tenuM rAjya 289 thI 235=54 varSa cAlyuM hatuM tevA samartha AkramaNakArane lAkaDAnI divAlathI khALI ane te azokane pautra thato hato. rAkhavAnuM duSkara lAgavAthI, cinanA bAdazAhe tAbaDatoba (4) sarva khaDakho ane staMbhalekha azoka paththaranI divAlamAM pheravI nAkhavAnuM munAsIba dhAryuM nahIM paNa priyadarzine ja karAvyA hatA. te pote jaina haze. A divAla bAMdhavAmAM akapIta jhaDapathI kAma hovAthI, te lekhomAM jainadharmano siddhAMtonuM nirUpaNa levAyuM che. te kAmamAM lagabhaga cAralAkha mANasone karAyeluM che. atyAre vidvAne tene je bauddhadharmane rakyA hatA. vaLI je kaI majura pitAnA kAmamAM lagatuM mAne che te tadda bhUla bhareluM che. 39

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306 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna ItihAsa sarjanamAM samayAvalI keTalI badhI upa- avalokanamAM phaLaprApti hovA chatAM, te tarapha ke anya yegI thaI paDe che tathA tenI madadathI sekeTasa- kalAkAranuM ane vijJAnIonuM lakSa derAyuM che caMdragaDha, temaja azokapriyadarzina saMbaMdhI cAlI paraMtu, itihAsakAronuM lakSa joIe teTaluM khacAyuM Avela mAnyatAmAM kevA bahoLA pramANamAM palaTo nathI e dekhItuM che. kAraNa game te hoya paNa amArI thaI gayo che te saghaLuM, upara karela carcAthI have najaramAM to tenI alpa saMkhyAne lIdhe ja tema ApaNI samajaNamAM AvI gayuM che. te ja pramANe banavA pAmyAnuM dekhAya che. je sthAne atyAre stUpe itihAsa sarjanamAM eka bIjI aMga je madadarUpa thaI astitva dharAvatA dekhAya che tevAM sthAnenI gaNatrI letAM paDe tema che. chatAM je tarapha joI teTaluM dhyAna sArAye hindamAM mAtra cAranI saMkhyA mArI najare apAyuM nathI tene vivecana atra karavA mAMgu chuM. jema caDe che. tenAM nAma' (1) sAMcI (2) bhArata (3) zilAlekha ane sikkA lekhanuM mahatva aMkAya che tema amarAvatI (4) ane mANikyAla che. jyAre (5) pustakamAM ApelI prazastionuM mUlya paNa lekhAya pAMcamAM sthAna tarIke silenanI eka vakhatano rAjache ane te ja hisAbe temanI madada anivArya gaNAya dhAnI anurUddhapUrano paNa samAveza karI zakAze. che. ATaluM te temAM Avela akSaronI kiMmata pUratuM jyAre stUpo hatA paNa vinAzane pAmyA che tevAM thayuM; jyAre sikkAomAM lekhanA zabdo uparAMta keTalAMka sthaLAnI zakyatAmAM, mathurA, udayagiri (hAthIguMphAnA cihano, do ane mahArAMnI chApa I. hoya che eTale lekha pramANe) ane talIlA maLI traNanI kahI zakAze. te pramANamAM tenI upayogitA vizeSa gaNavI rahe najare paDatA stUpanAM pAMca sthaLAmAM chellAM cAra che. jema sikAmAM che tema, jene Topsa-stA tarIke sthAne ekeka Topa ubhelA dekhAya che. jayAre sAMcI oLakhAvAya che temAM paNa, lekhe ane do keta ane tenI AsapAsanA cAra pAMca mAIlanA vyAsarAyelAM hoya che. eTale temanI kIMmata paNa sikkA vALA gherAvAmAM nAnA moTA maLIne lagabhaga 58 thI 60 jeTalA stUpe Avela che (jue pu.4, pR. 27). jeTalI ja lekhI zakAya, bake keTaleka darajaje vizeSa te sarvemAMthI eka, be ke traNa sivAyanA saghaLA, elapaNa lekhAya. kemake, sikkAmAM tapAsavAnuM kSetra bahumAM bahu to tenI banne bAjune ekatrita karatAM eTale Dokala sthitimAM caNatararUpe moTA guMbajanA AkAramAM vistAra thAya teTaluM ja hoya che, jyAre TopsamAM ane durasta temaja bhagna avasthAmAM, ubhA rahelA dekhAya che. vaLI je apavAdarUpe eka bene jaNAvyA che temAM avalokana karavA mATe to keTalAyegaNuM moTuM ane mukhya guMbajanI AsapAsa cAre tarapha pattharanI divAla vistRta kSetra paDeluM hoya che. vaLI aneka prakAranAM rUpe gaDha-kaMpAunDa bAMdhela che tathA te kaMpAunDane do hovAthI, vadhAre bahoLA pramANamAM sarakhAmaNI dareka dizAe ekeka pravezadvAra-siMhadvAra che. vizeSa karI jovAnuM. tathA te upara citvana ane manane jANavAnI IcchA hoya temaNe te te sthAnanA khAsa karI nirNayo bAMdhavAnuM sugamatA vALuM ane sAnu varNana ApatAM pustake nihALavAM. atra te saMkSiptamAM kaLatA vALuM thaI paDe che. ATalI ATalI rAsano ApaNA upayoga pUratuM ja vivecana karyuM che. 1. A. sa. I. pu. 15. pR. 20:-We know of judI ja bhAtanA (tupA) be prakAranA ApaNe jANIe but two very distinct type of stupas. The chIe. tenAM) sarva sAmAnya dRSTAMta tarIke mANikamAla, more common is exemplified in those of sAMcI, sAranAtha ane silenamAMnA anurUddhapuranA (sva) Manikyal, Sanchi, Saranath and Anuruddhapur kahI zakAze. te (samAM) goLa pharate ceka heAya che in Ceylon, they have a circular basement jenA upara ardha goLAkAre caNelo guMbaja ubhe karela supporting a hemispherical dome etc =kevaLa hoya che.

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ 307 prathama ApaNe naM. 3 vALA amarAvatI stUpanI Stupa was a Buddhist document karnala hakIkata hAtha dharIzuM. A. sa. pI. I. pu. 15 mAM mekenjhInA samaya pachI lAMbe kALe evo anumAna madrAsa ilAkAnA. guMdIvADa ane kaccha jIllAnAM anya karAyo hato ke amarAvatI stUpa bauddhadharmAnuM smAraka zahera sAthe amarAvatIne lagatuM varNana ApavAmAM che." matalaba ke tene bauddhadharmo TharAvo mata paNa AvyuM che; jene lagatI keTalIka hakIkata prA. bhAratavarSa pravartamAna che. paraMtu zilpakaLAnI eLakhanA uMDA pu.4, pR. 317 thI AgaLa, temaja pR. 371 ane abhyAsI tathA te viSaya upara be moTA graMthe pragaTa AgaLamAM utAravAmAM AvI che. temaja te svapanA karanAra mi. jemsa pharagyusana, amarAvatI TApanA mULa zodhaka karnala mekenjhIne vistArapUrvaka hevAla, zilpa-danuM avalokana karI pitAnuM maMtavya vyakta A. sa. I. pu. 1 (nyu impiriala sirijha pu. 6) karatAM jaNAve che (hi. I. I. A. pu. 1, pR. 112) 1882 (mudrita 1887) mAM sarakAre bahAra pADayo "As repeatedly mentioned, there is che. temAM pR. 23 upara lakhela che ke "In the little trace of any image of Buddha inscriptions this building is called the or Buddhistic figure being set up for Mahachaitya or the Great Chaitya= worship, much before the Christian A makAnane zilAlekhomAM mahAtya tarIke oLa- era vAraMvAra (huM) kahI rahyo chuM tema, buddhadevanI ke khAvyuM che" vaLI te ja pustake pR. 1mAM jaNAvelA bauddhadharmane lagatI kAI AkRti-mUrti-pUjA mATe che ke "The inscriptions we have of sthApana karAyAnI leza paNa sAbitI maLatI nathIPulumavi and Yagnashree from Amra. (bake) I. sa. pU. nA samaya pahelAM te vizeSapaNe vati=pulumAvI ane yajJazrInA zilAlekha amarA- (tema banyuM che)" kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke, bauddha vatImAMthI ApaNane maLI AvyA che." AmAMno eka dharmamAM pUjA-bhakti nimitte kaI mUrtinI sthApanA, lekha ke. A. re. mAMthI ApaNe uddhata paNa karyo che I. sa. pU. nA samaya sudhI thayAne temane kiMcitamAtra (juo A pustake, chaThThA paricchede lekha 19) paNa pUrAvo maLyo nathI ema te bhArapUrvaka jaNAve che. A sarvathI khAtrI thAya che ke amarAvatI stUpane eTale je kaMI mUrti I. sa. pU. nA samayanI karI AMdhrapationA samayamAM mahAtya tarIke oLakhavAmAM zakatI hoya te te bauddhadharmanI nathI e ekkasapaNe AvatuM hatuM tathA temaNe potAnA dharma mATe tyAM mAnavuM rahe che. temanA jevA ja bauddha sAhityanA eka keTaluMka dAna paNa karyo che. karnala mekenjhone mata A bIjA aThaMga abhyAsI pro. rIjha DevIjha pitAnA stUpa vize nAMdhatAM temAM lakhela che ke (majakara pu. pR. 3) buddhisTIka iDiyA granthamAM pR.15mAM svataMtra maMtavyarUpe " His own belief that it might be ovela "As usual, the Buddha himJain was credible=d (294) or74 2191121 self is not delineated at the Bharhuta temane mata vadhAre vizvasanIya che" jyAre ke. . stupa=hamezanI peThe, bhArahuta stUpa (nAM do)mAM che. resane te tene jaina matAnuyAyI buddha bhagavAnanI kaI pratikRti-cahere ja kotarAyo hovAnuM jarA vadhAre bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM che. game tema dekhAto) nathI; eTale ke, jema anya ThekANe buddhache, paraMtu jema A be vidvAnoe te stUpane jaina- devanI kaI mUrti ke biba hamezAM kotarAyelI najare dharmo TharAvavAnuM valaNa darzAvyuM che tema (teja pustakamAM paDe che tema bhArahuta stUpanAM dazyomAM banavA pAmyuM 5. 23 upara) jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke "Long nathI. temanI kahevAnI matalaba e che ke, jyAM jyAM after Col. Mackenzie's time, it was buddhadeva ke bauddhadharmane lagatuM smAraka hoya che tyAM tyAM first surmised that the Amravati sarvathA ane sarvadA temanI pratimA ke biba sthApana,

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308 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna karavAno rivAja ja paDI gayela che, chatAM te niyama yalAM najare paDe che paNa mULa svarUpa-jenI pUjA bhakti bhArahata stUpamAM sacavAyeluM dekhAtuM nathI. eTale karavA mATe te Akhoye stUpa ubho karavAmAM AvyA che sAra e nIkaLe che ke, bhArata stUpa bauddhadhama te artirUpe nathI. balka (pR. 4, AkRti naM. 40 tathA smAraka hovA vize temane zaMkA uddabhavI che. atra 41) caraNa pAdukArUpe ja che. eTale upara jaNAvela ApaNe amarAvatI stUpanuM varNana karI rahyA chIe siddhAMta pramANe te te baddhadharmI paNa hoya ane jene jyAre hakIkata bhArahata stUpanI TaMkAI gaI che, tethI dharma paNa hoya. sAthe sAthe yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, te vAcakane te kadAca asaMgata lAgaze. temanA mananuM stUpanI jagyAethI aneka mUrtio paNa maLI AvI karavAne jaNAvavAnuM ke AdhAravALuM vAkya che. temAMnI be (jenuM varNana AgaLanI lITIomAM te, bauddhadharmamAM mUrti karAvavAnI praNAlikA kayAranI apAyuM che) vidvAna zodhake-kahe ke madrAsa sarakAranA thaI lAge che te paratve dhyAna kheMcavA pUratuM ja che, saMzAdhana khAtAe sAcavI rAkhIne raju paNa karI bAkI jyAre temAM bhArahatanuM nAma spaSTapaNe darzAvAyuM dIdhI che. eTale mUrtionuM astitatva paNa kahI che ne tatsaMbaMdhI temaNe potAno abhiprAya jaNAvI dIdho Ape che ke te bauddhadhama stUpa nathI kemake amarAvatI tA. (AgaLa upara) ApaNe jyAre A parigrAphamAM stapano samaya ja I. sa. pU.ne che. joke vidvAnoe tenuM vivecana karIzuM tyAre te upayogamAM laIzuM, ne mahAvijayanA kartA rAjA khAravelana samaya, zuMgavaMzI levAne paNa che. A banne vidvAnone abhiprAyo puSyamitranA samakAlIna tarIke lekhIne I. sa. pU. khUba uMDA abhyAsanA pariNAmajanya hovAthI vizeSa 180no TharAvyo che paNa ApaNI gaNatrIe I. sa. vajanadAra lekhAtA AvyA che ane temanA kahevA pU. 429ne eTale pAMcamI sadIno che. mAnyatAmAM pramANe siddha thAya che ke, I. sa. pU. nA samaye bauddha bhale samaya paratve aDhIso varSane phera che chatAMye te smArakamAM keAI mUrti ke AkAra ketaravAmAM Avato te I. sa. pU.no to che ja ne ? ane uparane siddhAMta nahe. A siddhAMtane uthalAvIne bIjA zabdomAM ja paNa e ja kahe che ke, I. sa. pU.nI je mUrti heya raju karIe te, ema phalitArtha nIkaLe che ke, I. sa. te te boddhanI nahIM paNa jainadharmI ja lekhAya. eTale pU. nA samayanI je kaI mUrti-AkAra ke biba maLI paNa sAbita thaI jAya che ke amarAvatI stUpa jainaAve che te nadharmanI ja che ema samajI levuM. paraMtu dharmane ja che. chatAye zaMkAne jarA paNa sthAna na AkArarUpe na hoya ne kevaLa pAdacitarUpe hoya to te maLavuM joIe te hisAbe vizeSa sAbitI meLavavA jainadharmanuM paNa smAraka hoya athavA dharmanuM paNa hoya. ApaNe nIkaLavuM rahyuM. eTale amarAvatI svapanA mULa zodhaka karnala hAthIguphAna kartA rAjA khoravela che ane teNeja mekenjhInA ane ke. A. re. nA lekhaka De. remsananA A mahAvijayaprAsAda banAvarAvyo che ema svamukhe pR. 307 upara jaNAvela mata pramANe, jainadharmane te te jAhera kare che (juo hAthIguMphA lekha pati 10. svapa hovAnuM jaNAyuM che, chatAM te bahaMmatano paNa A pustake pR. 277) eTale te vastu te nirvivAda ja hovA vize jyAre prazna udbhavyo hato tyAre ApaNe karI che. tema rAjA khAravela pote jainadharma che te paNa anya purAvA zodhavA prayAsa karavo paDayo hato. vidvAnone kabUla maMjUra ja che. eTale te nyAye A vizeSamAM uparanA pArigrAphe je siddhAMta tAravI kADhayo che mahAvija prAsAda-amarAvatI stUpa-jainadharmanuM smAraka te AdhAre A praznane kasI jotAM bahu upayogI nirNaya hovAnI nA) sara ? cUkI gaNAya. chatAM vizeSa jIvate baMdhAya tema dekhAtuM nathI. kharI vAta che ke, amarAvatI jAgato naIto hoya to, te tUSamAMthI stUpanA bAhya ketarakAmamAM AkRtirUpe aneka do je be mUrtio khodakAma karanArA khAtAne maLI (5.4, AkRti 37 tathA A pustakanI chevaTe) kAtarA- AvI che te paNa raju karAI che (pu. 4, AkRti

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bhAratavarSa] naM. 38, 39; vaLI jI A pustakanA aMte ) te anne mUrtie jainadharmAMnA 23mA tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthanI che. tenuM svarUpa mAtra jovAthI paNu, game tevA khIna anubhavI paNa, vinA saMzaya kahI zake tema che ke te pArzvanAthanI che, ane tethI jainadharmInI ja che. A badhAM nivedanathI cAkkasa khAtrI thAya che ke, amarAvatI stUpa kevaLa jainadharmanA pratikarUpa ja che. vidvAne e tene je auddhadharmI jAhera karyAM che te temanA jainadharma viSayaka abhyAsanI khAmIne lIdhe banavA ema samajavuM. A pramANe amarAvatI itihAsa jANavA. uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo [ 309 javA zrImahAvIranA nirvANunI rAtrIe atipati rAjA caMpradyotanuM je maraNa thayuM che tyAMthI ja karI batAvI che. eTale samajavuM rahe che ke temane avaMti sAthe mahAvIranA nirvANunA saMbaMdha che ema batAvavAnA Azaya paNa hAya. vaLI jainatra thAthI eTaluM te spaSTapaNe jaNAyuM che ke, zrImahAvIre peAtAne kaivalyajJAna utpanna thayA bAda, khIje divase gautamAdita ziSyA banAvI je sthaLe gaNadharA nImyA che te tenuM nAma madhyama apApAnagarI hatI. temaja peAtAnA svargavAsa paNa madhyama apApAmAM thayA che. eTale ke gaNadharapadanI sthApanA ane nirvANa pAmavAnuM sthaLa eka ja nagare che. khAramI sadInA racayita, zrIguNacaMdranA mahAvIracaritra pU. 251, prastAva 8 mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, " dvAdaza jojana cheTe rahelI madhyamAnagarI tarapha (zrImahAvIra) lAgyA. pachI jeTalAmAM svAmI madhyamAM nagarIe pahAMcyA nathI teTalAmAM te madhyamAnagarInI najIkamAM rahelA mahAsena udyAnamAM devatAe sameAvasaraNanI racanA zarU karI." A uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke zrImahAvIrane kaivalajJAna utpanna thayA bAda ane prathama dezanA niSphaLa thayA bAda, dvAdaza yAjana vihAra karIne madhyamAnagarIe te paheAMcyA che. tyAM gAma bahAra mahAsena vanamAM te sameAsaryAM che.ra te caturvidhasaMdhanI sthApanA karI che. jainasatyaprakAza, pu. 4. pR. 15 mAM lakhela che ke, "A pAvApurInuM prathama nAma apApApurI hatuM. ahIM zrI hastipAla rAjA rAjya karatA hatA. vIra nirvANu pUrve 30 varSe bhagavAna mahAvIre ahIM padhArI iMdrabhUti-gautama vagere mukhya agiyAra brAhmaNAne pratiaiAdha karI saMdhasthApanA karI hatI. A pachI kharAkhara trIsa varSe aMtima cartumAsa mATe prabhu mahA pAmyuM che. stUpane have tevA ja bIjo stUpa-sAMcInA che te vize vicAra karIe. sAMcInA pradeza ane temAM ubhA karAyelA rUpA jainadharmanA smArakarUpe che ema prAcIna bhAratavarSe pu. 1 mAM pR. 181, pR. 186-92 sudhI ane 195-200 sudhI tathA pu. 2 mAM caMdraguptanA vRttAMte pR. 190-96 sudhI, tathA samrATa priyadarzinanA vRttAMte pR. 371 mAM temaja pu. 4 mAM kuzAnavaMzIonA adhikAre pR. 154; tathA rR. 218-19 temaja pR. 369 thI73 sudhI--ema judA judA prasaMgeA upasthita thatA, aneka sAkSI ane pUrAvA ApI siddha karI batAvyuM che. eTale tenI carcAmAM na utaratAM, te pradezanI mahattA jainadharmanA kayA prasaMga sAthe yukta thayela che te samajAvavA ja atra prayatna karIzuM. jainasAhityanA samartha sAhityakAra ane vivecaka * zrIhemacaMdrasUrie pAtAnA pariziSTaparvamAM, anya kAI pradezanA zAsakeAnI nAmAvaLI na ApatAM kevaLa avaMtinI ja ApI che. te vastu ja batAvI Ape che ke te sthAna viSe temane khAsa viziSTatA darzAvavAnI upayeAgitA lAgI che. temAM paNa tenI Adi, (2) pradyotakSNa priya duhitara vastarAno'tra nanhe / haima tAla bhavanamabhudatratasyaiva rAjJa // ( pUrva meghadUta ) pUrva AMhI harI, udayane (vasarAja) vhAlI pradyota (mahAsena) putrI; te rAjAnuM ahIM vana hatuM. tAlanuM hemavaNuM. [nAMdhaH tathaiva zabda che te, te rAAnI vananI mAlikI uparAMta, te vananuM nAma paNa rAjAnA nAme ja (eTale ke mahAsena rAjA ane e mahAsena vana prAcIna itihAsamAM jANItuM che) hatuM, te sUcavavAne ja vaparAye| lAge che. ]

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310 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna vIra ahIM padhAryA ane temanI prANimAtrane hitakA- nAmathI oLakhavAmAM AvatI hatI. bIjI vAta rINI aMtima dezanA ahIM ja thaI." e che ke te "apApA pAparahita" nagarIe jyArathI vividha tIrthakalpa, pR. 44, siMdhI granthamALAnA mahAvIra jevA parama pavitra vibhUtinA prANa haryA vAcanathI paNa teja abhiprAya upara avAya che. tyArathI pApavALI thaI gaI eTale apApAne badale temaja caMDapradyota avaMtipatinuM kharuM nAma mahAsana hatuM pApApurI. (juo uparanI TIkA . 2,) kahevAI ane te janagranthamAM, temaja kavI bhAsanA "svapnavAsavadatA" kALe karI pApApurIne badale pAvApurI nAma tenuM paDI Adi cothI suprasiddha che. meghadUtanA kartA kAli gayuM. matalaba ke pAvApurI te te lokavAyakAthI paDI dAsa kavie te eTale sudhI jaNAvyuM che ke te gayeluM nAma che. nahIM ke tenuM kharuM nAma. A pramANe caMDapradyota rAjAnI mAlikInuM ja ane ane tenA ja jyAre nakkI thAya che tyAre zrI hemacaMdrasUrie zA mATe nAmanuM vana avaMtimAM hatuM. eTale ke avaMtimAM mahA- kevaLa ati pradezanI ja ane te paNa zrImahAsena nAmanuM vana AveluM che. vaLI traNa varSe upa- vIranA nirvANa prasaMgane joDIne ja nAmAvaLI ApI ranA janaAcAryoe banAvela stavana kahe che ke, che teno garbhita Azaya paNa khule samajI javAya zAsananA nAyaka evA zrI vIra prabhune jyAre kevaLa- che. vaLI graMthArUDha thayela A bInAne nIcenA pArijJAna uparyuM tyAre, rAjA mahAsena (caDapradyota) catu- grAphe jaNAvela zilAlekha temaja anya etihAsika rvidha saMghanI sthApanA karavAne pitAnA nagaranA) pUrAvAthI samarthana maLI jAya che. eTale te hakIkata vanamAM Avyo gayo) hato. matalaba kahevAnI e nakkara satya tarIke svIkAravI ja rahe che. ' paNa mahAsena ane vananuM nAma mauryavaMzI rAjAono kuladharma jaina hato. te paNu mahAsena hatuM. tyAM kaivalya prApta thayA bAda vaMzanA Adi samrATa caMdragupta A sAMcI stUpanI caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA (gaNadharapadanI sthApanAna karatI gavAkSamAM dIvAonI hAramALA pragaTAvavAne, sara prasaMga paNa tenuM eka aMga ja gaNAya che) rAjA kaniMgahAmanA kahevA pramANe eka moTI rakamanuM dAna caMDa protanI samIpe karavAmAM AvI che ane gaNadhara dIdhuM che. (juo pu. 2, pR. 191, TI. 103). jainasthApanAvALuM sthaLa madhyama apAyuM hatuM. eTale sarva sAhitya graMthAmAM (ka. sU. su. TI. pR. 102) jaNIhakIkatanuM samIkaraNuM karIzuM to phalitArtha e nIkaLe vavAmAM AvyuM che ke "jyAre zrI mahAvIra kALadharmane che ke caDapradyota u! mahAsena avaMtipatinI hAjarImAM pAmyA tyAre ekaThA thayela janasamudAye bhAvadIpaka tenA nagaranA mahAsena nAmanA eka udyAnamAM ja (zrImahAvIra pate) adazya thatAM, dravyadIpaka (sAmAMmahAvIre caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA karI hatI. ane nya dIpaka) pragaTAvavA mAMDayA. te divasane dIpotsavI . temanuM nirvANa paNuM te ja nagare eTale te madhyama parva-divALInuM parva gaNavAmAM AvyuM." A hakIkata apApAmAM ja thayuM hatuM. tene te samaye madhyama apApAnA dIpaka pragaTAvavAnA uparanA kAryanuM smaraNa karAve che. (3) malamapAvAdR puDiMva kapAvApura tti nAmaM mArA apAvApurI hatuM. paNa bhagavAnanA kALadharma pAmavAthI, zake saLa pAvApuri tti nAmaMdartha jaina dUdha maTAvIravANI tene pAvApUrI kahI. vaLI vaizAkha suda ekAdazIne divase kAlagao / ittheva ya purie vahasAhasuddhaIkArasIMdivase jaMbhirA gAmathI bAra yojana eka rAtamAM cAlIne bhagavAna jaMbhiagAmAo ratti bArasajoaNANi AgaMtUNa puvvaNhadesa ahI AvelA, ane ahIM AvI temaNe gautama vagerene * pratibaMdha karI dIkSita karelA prANI mAtrane hitakAriNI kAle mahAseNavane bhagavayA goamAI gaNaharA khaMDiagaNa aMtima dezanA ahIM ja thaI. parivuDhA phivizvamAM pramucA =je madhyama pAyAnagarImAM (4) zAsana nAyaka vIrajI, prabhu kevaLa pAyA bhagavAna mahAvIra kALadharma pAmelA te nagarInuM asala nAma saMdha caturvidha sthApavA, mahasena vana Ape che LS

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uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] ane evA anumAna upara ApaNune lai jAya che ke rAjA caMdraguptane Azaya paNa, te stUpanA ja gavAkSamAM dIvA pragaTAvavA mATe dAna devAnA hetu kadAca -te stUpa ja zrImahAvIrane agnidAha dIdhA bAda te sthAne ubhA karAyA hatA-ema dhyAna doravAne hAya. A ApaNA anumAnane pAchuM tene te ja stUpanI hakIkatathI samarthana maLI jAya che. te mULa stUpa je kampAunDamAM ubhA karavAmAM AvyA che tenI AsapAsa e nAnA stUpe caNAyela che. A sthiti ApaNune jainasaMpradAyamAM cAlyA AvatA eka rivAja tarapha dorI laI jAya che. temAM evA niyama che ke, jyAre kAI tIrthaMkaranuM nirvANa thAya che tyAre temanI sAthe anazanavRta AdarI aneka bhavyAtmAe svargavAsane sAdhI le che. te sadgatAtmAonA agnidAha mATe traNa citA racAvAya che (ka. sa. su. TI. pR. 123) eka prabhunA zarIra mATe, eka gaNadharAnA zarIra mATe tathA eka bAkInAM munienAM zarIra mATe. te sarvenAM zarIrAne amuka vidhi pramANe agnidahana karyA bAda citAone ThArIne temanI dADhA tathA bAkInA aMgeApAMgA grahaNa karI jALavI rakhAya che. ane te upara stUpA karAvAya che. AvA stUpane kAryaniSiddha kahevAya che. jenI sAbitI ApaNane hAthINuMkAnA lekhanI paMkti 15thI rAjA khAravele (pu. 4, pR. 304) tevA kAyaniSadhi ubhA * karAyAnI hakIkatathI maLI paNa Ave che. eTale ke graMthanI A hakIkatane zilAlekhanI vAtathI TakA maLe che. A pramANe mukhya sAMcI stUpa ane tenI pAse ubhA karAyelA bIjA nAnA e, ema maLIne traNe stUpA, upara pramANe vaNu vAyalI prathAne mUrtimaMta karatA ane sAbitI ApatA dekhAya che. vaLI khUkhI e thaI che ke, A pradezamAM lagabhaga sATha jeTalA nAnA moTA stUpe hAvA chatAM atyAre leAkavAyakA pramANe te stUpane ja kevaLa " siddakAsthAna " tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che, ane 'siddha' zabda kevaLa jainasaMpradAyanA ja (jIe A pustake pR. 51, TI. 4) che. eTale parApUrvathI utarI AvelI daMtakathA pramANe pazu te sthAna ane stUpane arasaparasa joDI khatAvAyA che. [ 311 vizeSa khAtrI te vaLI ethI maLI rahe che ke, te sthAnamAM je karaDakamAM rakSA sAcavI rakhAI che tenA upara "kaza" zabda kAtarAyalA che. ane e tA jagaprasiddha che ke zrImahAvIra kAzyapageAtrI hatA. eTale A sarva hakIkatathI zaMkArahita pUravAra thaI jAya che ke mukhya sAMcIstUpa je dekhAvamAM sauthI moTA che tathA jene "bhisATApsa' nAmanA pustakamAM tenA kartA janarala kaniMgahAme, sAMcIstUpa naM. 1 (jue. pu. 2 mAM mukhapRSThe citra) tarIke oLakhAvyA che te kAzyapa gAtro zrImahAvIrane agnidAha devAyAnA sthaLe ja ubhA karavAmAM AvyA che. vividhatIrtha kalpamAM paNa zrImahAvIranA nirvANusthAne stUpa ubhA karAyAnuM spaSTa sUcana che. bhUyiSThAzcaryabhUmizcaramajinavarastUpa ramyasvarUpA sApApA madhyamAdirbhavatu varapurI bhUtaye yAntrikebhyaH // vividhatIrthakarUpa 25 [artha--je mahad Azcarya bharelI bhUmi che ane je mahAvIra (carama jInavara) bhagavAnanA stUpavaDe ramya khanelI che evI madhyama apApA, tyAM AvanAra yAtrikAne mATe pacchita phaLa ApanArI nagarI thAe..] A sarve stUpA--jemAMnA e pUravAra karI cUkayA chIe ane vizeSanI vigata have ApavAnA chIejainadharmanA smAraka hAvA chatAM, sAMcI sivAyanA sadhaLe ThekANe akeka guMbajAgRti najare paDe che jyAre sAMcInA sthaLe te lagabhaga 60 jeTalA (pu. 4, pR. 27) che, tenuM kAraNa paNa have samajAya che ke, hAlanI jainaprajAne te pradeza potAnA zAsananAyaka evA zrImahAvIranuM nirvANusthAna heAvAthI, nAnA ke meTA, AkhALa ke vRddha, virati ke avirati, sarvane eka tIrthadhAma jevuM gaNAya che ane peAtAnA jIvananI chellI paLeA te sthAne gALavA icchA dharAve che. eTale ja atipati na heAvA chatAM, AMdhrapati zAtakaraNi (paMcama pariae lekha naM. 4) e atra AvI dAna ApyuM che. tema ja mathurApati kuzAnavaMzI mahArAjAdhirAja vajheSTha paNa, pAte avaMtipati na hovA chatAM, A sthAne AvIne peAtAnA nAmane (pu. 4,

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312 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna pR. 170-3) zilAlekha katarA che. vaLI ApaNe times before the beginning of the jaNAvI gayA chIe ke prAcIna samaye A avaMtinA historical period of India=Azcarya jevuM che pradezanI rAjadvArI najare. ghaNI moTI agatyatA ke, stUpanI, vRkSanI (vidvAne jene bodhivRkSa kahe gaNAtI hatI. ane tethI ja kSaharATa nahapANa tathA che ane jene jene rAyaNavRkSa kahe che te) tathA dharmacakra cakaNuvaMzI kSatrapae avaMtinI gAdI meLavIne "rAjAnuM che. nI pUjAnI spaSTa jevI nizAnIo ochA vadhatA pada dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. paraMtu rAjakIya dRSTie avaMtinuM pramANamAM sarvadharmamAM mAluma paDe che. uparAMta tenI sthAna mokhare gaNAtuM ApaNuM te kathana have pheravavuM rajuAta karatAM zi95do paNa, hiMdanA prAgatipaDaze. kemake te pradeza upara Adhipatya meLavavAnI hAsika yuganI Adi thaI te pahelAM paNa ghaNAM varSothI tAlAvelI temane rAjakIya najare nahotI lAgatI paraMtu (sarvadharmanA) vArasAmAM utarI AvavAnuM dharAya che chatAM to pite jainadharmI hovAthI (pR. 218 tathA te te eka ja dharmanAM hovAnuM mAnavuM rahe che" eTale pratyekanAM vRttAMta juo) pitAnA paramapakArI ane Do. myularanuM kahevuM ema thAya che ke pUjAbhakitanI zAsanAdhiSThAtAnI nirvANabhUmi hAIne tenI haMphamAM AvI AvI rAho bhale ati prAcInakALe hiMdanA * rAtrIdivasa rahevAnI abhilASAvALI dhArmika najarane sarvadharmomAM pracalita dekhAtI haze chatAM te sarvanuM mULa laIne te tAlAvelI sevatA hatA. rAjA nahapANe te eka ja dharmamAM ane te paNa jainadharmamAM ja apAgodAvarInA mULavALe trirazmi parvatano gavaradhanaprAMta yeluM najare paDe che. ane temanA A abhiprAyane meLavavA je aneka yuddho kheDyAM hatAM temAM paNa dhArmika vahelI ke moDI sarvene saMmati darzAvavI ja paDaze. daSTi ja (pR. 101, TI. naM. 30 juo) mukhyatAe have stUpa dharAvatA trIjA sthAnanuM-bhArahatanuMhatI te have barAbara pUravAra thaI jAya che; tema ja varNana ApIe. upara jaNAvyA pramANe sarve sUpa prAcIna samaye rAjAo dharmaparAyaNa jidagI gALavAne jainadharmanAM dyotakarUpa che. pu. 1, pR. 196mAM sAbita tatpara rahetA tathA dharmarakSaNa mATe kurabAnI karI detA karyuM che ke, bhArahuta ane sAMcI tathA mathurAnA tenI sAkSI paNa maLI Ave che (pariccheda dazama stUpatoraNe eka ja prakAranA-kema jANe eka naM. 11nuM vRttAMta). bhale vartamAna vidvAna rAjAonI bIjAnI nakalarUpa-hoIne ( jue A pustakanA aMte ane prajAnI A prakAranI bhadrikatAne game te rUpamAM tenAM citro), tema ja pu. 4, pR. 154mAM mathurA nihALe ke game tevA zabdomAM cItarI batAve, athavA enDa iTasa enTIkavITIjha AdhAre sAbita karI to jenadharmanAM cihnonI oLakha na hovAne kAraNe batAvyA pramANe mathurA jainadharmanuM sthAna hoIne, A temanAM dhArmika smArakone game te dharmanA nAme caDAvI sthaLone paNa teja dharmanA pratikarUpe TharAvyA che. de, chatAM jema Do. myulara jevA vidvAnane paNa bArIka vidvAnoe A bhArahata stUpane bauddhadharmanuM smAraka gayuM nirIkSaNane aMte je uccAravuM paDayuM che ke "It che, paraMtu janarala kaniMgahAma jevA vidvAnanA 'bhArahuta would be surprising if the worship of sUpa' nAmaka pustakanI zabda laIne pu. 2, pR. 69, stupas, of sacred trees, of the wheel TI. 66mAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe te sthaLacitromAM of the law, and so forth, more or bauddhanI jAtakakathAnAM dazyo nathI. A rIte sarva less distinct traces of which are found tarehanA pramANothI nakkI karI zakAya che ke te jainawith all sects, as well as their re- dharmanuM smAraka ja che. vaLI temAM prasenajIta kezaLapati presentations in sculptures, were due ane ajAtazatru magadhapatie bhakitabhAve ubhAM karelAM to one sect alone, instead of being staMbhe AvelA che. A rAjAo nirvivAdIta rIte heir-looms, handed down from remote jainamatAnuyAyI pUravAra thayA che (pR. 1 temanAM vRttAMta

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo : [ 313 juo) temaja teo citromAM bhakita karatAM ane vaMdana mAM tathA pu. 4 mAM cedIdezanuM varNana karatAM pR. karatAM dekhAya che eTale siddha thAya che ke temanA dharmanAM ja 234thI 236 sudhImAM vidhavidha purAvAo (jevA sthAne che. paraMtu ApaNe te atra e jovAnuM che ke, ke enzanTa irAjha bAya kaniMgahAma, prastAvanA pR. te sthaLe jainadharmano yo banAva banavA pAmyo hato 9; ja. ra. e. ba. pu. 21, pR. 257; De. de. ke tene ATaluM badhuM mahatva kema apAyuM che! ra. bhAMDArakarakRta azoka pR. 35 ane temanuM raceluM pu. 4, pR. 304 upara hAthIguphA zilAlekhanuM sabhAparva; Dejha enzanTa iDiyA pR. 14; I. hI. 2 vivecana karatAM jaNAvI gayA chIe ke, jena. ka. 1929nuM pR. 612; ja. bI. e. pI. so. prajAmAM temanA arihaMta-tIrthakaranA dehane jyAM agnidAha 1927, pu. 13, pR. 222; te ja graMthanuM trIjuM pu. devAyo hoya che tyAM-tUpa ubho karavAnI prathA cAlI pR. 482; epIgrAphIkA inDikA, pU. 2, pR. 392) thI AvatI hatI. paraMtu te hAthIguphAnA lekhamAM pati pUravAra karI ApyuM che ke tenI rAjadhAnI vartamAna 14mAM "kAyaniSidI" ane pati 15mAM "arihaMtanI madhyaprAMtanA jabalapura zaheranI pAse jyAM samrATa niSidI" evA be zabdaprayege vaparAyalA dekhAya che. priyadarzinane rUpanAthane khaDakalekha ubhe karAyela jyAre niSidIne vivaraNa karatAM, je. sA. saM. nA vidvAna najare paDe che tyAM hatI (pR. 4, pR. 236. TI. naM. taMtrIe "janmamaraNane vaTAvI gayela kAyaniSidItUpa" 21). kahevAne tAtparya e che ke, mahAkezala urphe evA ja zabdo mAtra vAparyA che; ane A zabdo upara aMgadeza te hAlanA madhyaprAMtavALe ja! lagabhaga sarva pu. 4, pR. 306mAM naM. 94, 95nI TIkAmAM ApaNe pradeza hato ane tenuM pATanagara jabalapurathI thoDe paNa jaNAvyuM che ke, "kevalajJAna jene utpanna thAya che. Avela rUpanAthanA sthAne caMpApurI nAmanA nagare te niyama tarIke hamezAM kSe jAya ja, jethI te jIvane hatuM (AgaLa upara savistara ane dalIleA saMsAramAM janmamaraNa dharavAne phere kare paDate pUrvaka pAchuM varNana ApyuM che te juo.) A caMpAnathI, " A badhAne phalitArtha e thayo ke, niSidI nagarImAM zrImahAvIre dIkSA lIdhA pachInuM bAramuM be prakAranI che. eka kAyaniSidI ke jyAM zarIrane comAsuM (je. sa. pra. pu. 4, pR. 200) karyuM che. je dahana karavAmAM AvyuM hoya ane stUpa ubho karavAmAM bAda-eTale kArtika zukala pUrNimA bAda-vihAra karIne AvyA hoya tevuM sthAna; ane bIjI sAmAnya niSidI chaeka mahinAne kALa temaNe A nagarInI Asa=arihaMtaniSidI, ke jayAM AgaLa te jIva arihaMta pAsanA pradezamAM bhramaNa karyA karyuM che. A cha mAsanA padane pAmyo hoya arthAta jyAM AgaLa temane kaivalya- avadhi daramyAna zrI mahAvIrane kAnamAM khIlA naMkhAyA prApta thayuM hoya ne tRpa ubhuM karavAmAM Avyo hoya che ane tene traNeka mahinA bAda, kharaka nAmanA tevuM sthAna. A pramANe be prakAranAM sthAna upara veze madhyama apApA nagarImAM kheMcI kADhayAne-maLI jainasaMpradAyavALAo prAcIna samaye stUpa racatA hatA be banAvo banavA pAmyA hatA. A sarva hakIkata evo artha niSpanna thayo. A be prakAranA mahAmya jainazAstra pramANita che. chevaTe vaizAkha suda 10 (i. vizeSamAMthI, bhArahata stUpavALA sthAne kayo banAva sa. pU. 568mAM dIkSA-12 varSa I. sa. pU. 556mAM) banavA pAmyo hato te ApaNe have tapAsIe. nA divase pAchalA pahere pitAnI 42 varSanI umare prAcIna samaye mahAkezaLa ucheaMga dezanuM temane kaivalyagAna utpanna thayuM che. tethI te divasanI rAjanagara caMpApurI hatuM. pu. 1 mAM pR. 140-1 dharmopadezanA niSphaLa javAthI rAherAta bArayojanane (4) madhyaprAMtanuM sthAna ja kahI Ape che ke hAlamAM ane A prAcIna samayanI caMpAnagarIne koI saMbaMdha baMgALa ilAkAnA bhAgalapura jIllAmAM Avela caMpAnagarIne ja nathI. 40

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314 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna vihAra karI (uparamAM juo pR. 31) bIjIvAra yojana kahevAya. paraMtu pUrvanA samaye kAM te, jananuM pAchA madhyama apApA nagarIe pote AvyA che ane pramANa anya rIte gaNAtuM hoya athavA te zAstrakAranuM vaizAkha suda 11 nA divase caturvidharmanI sthApanA kathana "bAra jana ja' ema nahIM paNa tenI AsapAsa karI che. sarva kathanane sAra e thayo ke zrI mahAvIre caMpA- eTale ekAda be jana ochuM ke vadhatuM ema kahevAnuM nagarImAM bAramuM comAsuM karyA bAdanA chamAsa jeTalA paNa hoya. game te prakAre lekho paraMtu tethI ApaNuM kALa, tenI AsapAsanA pradezamAM ja vyatIta karyo che. anumAnane kaI rIte te bAdhaka jaNAtuM nathI. eTale chevaTe vaizAkha suda 10 nA kaivalyaprApti thaI che. tathA sAbita thaI cUkayuM gaNAze ke jema sAMcI stUpa zrI vaizAkha suda 11 nA madhyama apAyA (upara pR. 311mAM mahAvIranuM nirvANa sthAna che tema A bhArahuta stUpa sAbita karI gayA pramANe sAMcI-bhisAnagarI) mAM temanuM kaivalyasthAna che. (pu. 3, pR. 305, TI. 91). saMghanI sthApanA karI che. uparAMta sauthI mahatvanI vaLI upara siddha karI gayA pramANe jyAM banne stUpe bInA te e che ke kevalaprAptinA ane saMgha jainadharmanA ja ghAtakarUpa che temaja jenI UMcAI sthApananA sthAna vacce kamamAM kama bAreka yojanAnuM lagabhaga 80 phITa ane pahoLAI 150 phITa gaNAya aMtara hovAnuM spaSTa thAya che. che-tevI A banne ImArato yuganA yuga pasAra thaI upara pR. 317 mAM pUravAra karI gayA chIe ke, gayA chatAM, te banAvanI sAkSI pUratI najare jainasaMpradAyamAM be prakAranA sthAne stUpe racAtA vidyamAna paDI rahI che, tyAM zaMkA uThAvavAne avakAza ja hatA, eka arihatanA kaivalyaprAptinA sthAne, ane kayAM rahe che? ane eTaluM to svIkAravuM ja paDaze ke bIjuM temanA nirvANasthAne. vaLI pR. 311 mAM siddha ka95nAonA aneka geLAe gabaDAvyA karatAM pratyakSa karI gayA chIe ke sAMcI-bhitsA pradezamAM temanuM pramANa jo maLatuM hoya te te vadhAre vajanadAra nirvANa thayuM hatuM ane tethI ja te sthAne sAMcI- lekhAya ja. vaLI vizeSa samarthana ApatI khAtrI te tUpa naM. 1 tarIke jANIto thayela Topa ubho karAyo e uparathI thAya che ke, A bhArahutanA stUpanA che. eTale je temanA kaivalyaprAptinA sthAne paNa sthAnapradezane nakazo (pustakane aMte Apela che) janarala kaI stUpa ubhe karAyo hoya te te stUpa ane A kaniMgahAme je cItarI batAvyo che te, ane jainasAMcI stUpa vaccenuM aMtara, lagabhaga bAreka yojananuM zAstramAM zrImahAvIrane kaivalya upajyAnA sthAnanuM je hovuM joIe. have je bhArahuta stUpanI ApaNe carcA varNana karI batAvyuM che te baMne itekhAba, arasaparasa karI rahyA chIe tenuM sthAna jo tapAsIzuM te, upara Abehuba maLatA Ave che. eTale sarva prakAranI paridarzAvI gayA pramANe caMpAnagarInA (vartamAna kALanI sthitino vicAra karatAM je sAra upara ApaNe AvyA rUpanAtha khaDaka lekhavALA sthAna) pradezamAM ja AveluM chIe te cokkasa ane zaMkArahita ja lAge che. temaja sAMcIthI lagabhaga savAsothI doDhaso mAIlanA A uparathI je bIjo eka sAra kheMcI zakAya aMtare ja AveluM gaNAya tema che. jo ke bArIkAIthI che te paNa prasaMgopAtta jaNAvI daIe; ke, je stupanA mApIe te atyAranA hisAbe te aMtara paMdareka sthAnamAM, bhasma ke zarIranA avayanA keI avazeSa (5) tenA mApa vize babhitsATomsa" nAme pustakamAM tenA feet in diameter-(p. 187 )=dhumaTa-kaLA sahita kartA sara kaniMgahAme pR. 186 upara A pramANe zabdo lakhyA AkhI ImAratanI kula UMcAI ekase phITathI vadhAre hovI che:-The total height of the building including joIe. stupanA bheAMya taLIyAne pharatA, bhAre vajananA ane the cupolas, must have been upwards of samAna aMtare ubhA karela, staMbhene kaTa karela che. te one hundred feet. The base of the Tope is keTanI laMbAI pUrvathI pazcima 144 phITa ane uttarathI surmounted by a massive colonnade, 144} dakSiNa 15 phITanI che. 5, (187).

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 315 jALavI rAkhela mAlama paDe to te samAdhi sthAna sa. I. pu. 15, pR. 20mAM noMdha lIdhA pramANenA samajavuM ane tevuM kAMI na mAlama paDe che te kevaLa bAkI rahetA mANikayAla, sAranAtha ane anurAddhapura jJAnaprAptinuM sthAna samajavuM. | vize ke, pR. 307 upara ApaNe nirdeza karyA pramANe A pramANe aneka stUpomAMnA mukhya traNa- mathurA, udayagiri ane takSilA vizenA stUpane amarAvatI, sAMcI ane bhAratanAM sthAnavALAnAM mahAmya vize jaNAvavAnI atra jarUriyAta dekhAtI prabhAva vizenI oLakha ApI cUkayA chIe. A na hovAthI have ApaNe AgaLa vadhIzuM. naM. 1 vibhAge moghama TIkAne ane naM. 2, keka upakata nirdiSTa, 80mAMnA kyA kyA pradeza, prathama vibhAge meM sthApita karelAM navA siddhAMtamAMnA je jaNAvela AryAvartanA sADI pacIsa dezomAM samAI zakatA be traNa mukhya che ane jenA upara TIkAkAroe pUchelA tenI samaja mATe sarvanA AMka darzAvIne nakazo paNa keTalAka praznonA uttara avalaMbe che, tevAno khulAse saMyukata karela che. A prakAre karela varNanamAM AryAApI gayo chuM. have sIdhA uThAvela zaMkAvALA praznonA vartanA dezomAMnA naM. 2 vALA pAMcAla dezamAM, hayuenauttara ApIza. AvA praznonuM nirAkaraNa karatAM, tene zAMgavALA naM. 16thI 24 sudhInA ane naM. 3vALA be prakAramAM vaheMcI zakAya che. prathamamAM mArA lakhA- kezalamAM naM. 25thI 27 sudhInA pradezane samAveza Nano Agalo pAcho saMbaMdha ke bhAvArtha tapAsyA thate jaNAvyuM che; temAMne 4 naMbarane pradeza kA - vinA athavA te saMbhALapUrvaka vAccA vicAryA vinA ja, kunjane che ane ne. 25ne ayodhyAne che. A na koNa jANe zuM kAraNathI mArA lakhANa pratye pUrva- 25vALAnuM varNana nimnalikhita zabdamAM meM varNavyuM che. graha baMdhAI javAthI ke yenakena prakAreNa sAmAne "[25] naM. 24thI agnikhUNe (pR. 224) 600 utArI nAMkhavAthI potAnI vidvatA tarI AvI gaNAya lI.nA aMtare ane gaMgAnadI oLaMgIne dakSiNe ayotevA khyAlathI ke game te gUDha AzayathI hoya, paNa dhyAnuM rAjya che (mArA matathI tene uccAra lakhANuM karI javAyuM dekhAya che. ane bIjAmAM kharA ayodhyA nahi paNa AyudhdhAjha karavo joIe. abhyAsI yogya jIjJAsAvRttithI kAma levAyuM dekhAya che. kAnapura zaheravALe A pradeza che ke jenA cAbAo A bIjA prakAravALAnA khulAsA ApavAnuM kArya hAtha atyAre mahala jevA pahelavAna gaNAya che). vidvAnee dharavA pUrve prathama vALAe kaI rIte prazno upasthita tene ayodhyA-sAketa gaNyo che, tethI ja muMjhavaNamAM kayo che te jaNAvIzuM. jethI ame upara karelI TIkA paDayA che. jyAre huM dhAruM chuM te pramANe yudhdhAjha keTale darajaje sAcI che te vAMcake svayaM vicArI leze. tarIke tene gaNavAthI badho ukela AvI jAya che. sara (1) prAcIna bhAratavarSanAM pahelA pustake" kaniMgahAme (juo temanI bhUgoLa pR. 385) A sthAnane "bhUgoLanI dRSTie kAMIka paricaya"nA zirSakavALo kAnapuranI vAyavya dizAmAM 20 mAIla aMtare kAnUpura tRtIya pariccheda che. temAM prAcIna samaye, AryAvartanA nAmanuM purANuM zahera Avela che tene oLakhAvela che." je sADI pacIsa deze kahevAtA hatA tene TaMka varNana upara TAMkala avataraNuthI sarva keAI samajI zakaze 5. 46 thI 55 sudhI prathama, ane te pachI revaDa ke naM. 24 pachInA 25mAMnA varNanamAM apAyelA mULa esa. bIla. kRta rekarDajha opha dhI vesTarna varDajhamAM zabdo re. ve. va. mAMthI akSarazaH utArelA che. jyAre Apela 80 pradezanuM varNana pR. 56 thI 68 sudhI te matathI judA paDatA mArA vicAro meM kausamAM ApyuM che. A pustaka, bauddhasaMpradAyI ane pelA lakhyA che. matalaba ke kAnyakujathI dakSiNe gagA prakhyAta yAtrika hayuenazAMge lakhela potAnI hiMdanI nadI oLaMgIne je pradeza Ave tene ayodhyA nAma musApharInA hevAlane aMgrejImAM anuvAda gaNAya che. te che. ve. va, mAM apAyeluM che, jyAre meM tene

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- - 316 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna ayodhyA nahi paNa teno uccAra AyudhdhAjha hovAnuM paNa huM temanA matathI judo paDuM ane tethI ja meM noMdhyuM che tathA tema karavA mATe dalIla ane pUrAvA vivecana karyuM che. chatAM "ayodhyAtIrtha" nAmaka pustakanA paNa ApyA che. vaLI ayodhyA nagarI te sarva kAI kartA sAhityamaniSI paMDita yeSThArAma zarmA nAme , jANe che tema gaMgAnI uttare AvelI che jyAre atre eka vidvAna "jaina" patramAM eka lekha lakhatAM jaNAve ne 25vALA pradezane te, kAnyakuMjanI dakSiNe che ke "che. zAhI graMthanuM manana karatAM ayodhyA (athavA vadhAre spaSTa karIe te agnikhUNe) temaja mATeno e bhAvArtha nIkaLe che ke ayodhyA e vAstagaMgA nadInI dakSiNe hevAnuM te granthamAM kahela che, vamAM ayodhyA nathI paNa AyuddhAjha che" eTale jenuM spaSTIkaraNa karatAM prA. bhA. 1, pR. 78 mAM temanA kahevAnI mataba ema thatI dekhAya che ke, mAre jaNAvavuM paDayuM ke "aMgrejI zabdomAM lakhavAmAM gaMgAnI dakSiNe AvelA naM. 25vALA pradezane ayodhyA AvatI eka prajA che, jenuM nAma AyudhdhA ja che tarIke huM ja oLakhAvI rahyo chuM ane je kharI ane tene prAMta, cInAI yAtrionA lakhavA pramANe ayodhyA nagarI che te mATe mAnya nathI. A pramANe 0-yu-to. kahevAte ane tenI rAjadhAnI Sachi TIkA ane mULa lakhANa vacceno bheda khyAlamAM rAkhyA. hatI. vaLI te sthaLane kAnyakujanA agnikhUNe vinA je mULa granthakAranA zabdo mArA tarIke mAnI (Southeast) AvI rahyAnuM batAvyuM che, jyAre laIne teo potAnA aMta:karaNanA ubharA aneka ItihAsakAroe (re. 2. va. nA lekhake) AyuddhAjhane rIte ThAlavye gayA che; tathA "adhyAtIrthanI oLakha badale ayodhyA gaNIne ( kayAM eka prajAnuM nAma ApatAM keTalAye utArAnAM pAnAMne pAnAM bharIne chevaTe ane jyAM eka zaheranuM nAma) tenA rAjanagarane pote racela 'ayodhyA kA ItihAsa" nAmanI pustIkA (Sachi Saket) TharAvI dIdhuM. kAraNa ke sAketa vAMcavAnI bhalAmaNu jIjJAsu vargane karI che te vAcakate ayodhyAnuM bIjuM nAma hatuM. kayAM sAcI ane kayAM varga samajI zakaze ke AmAM mAre keTale deSa gaNAya ? sAketa? (be zabdomAM koI jAtane meLa khare ?) (2) A ayodhyA zabda saMbaMdhamAM AcAryazrI paNa temanI A bhUla, te uparathIja sAbita thAya vijayendrasUrie paNa pote lakhela "prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM che ke cInAI yAtrikAe sAcIne kAnyakuja (kaneja)nA siMhAlekana" nAmaka pustakamAM uparanIja vidvAna paMDiagnikhUNe hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. jyAre ayodhyA urphe tanI peThe udagAra kADhayA che. te pustakanA pR.107mAM teo sAketa te, kanAjanI uttare keTalAya mAIla upara AveluM pitAne abhiprAya vyakta karatAM jaNAve che ke uparanI che. (kayo agnikhUNo eTale south-east ane kayo hakIkatathI bhAvArtha evA nIkaLe che ke ayAthI A uttara eTale north? zuM uttare AveluM zahera vAstavamAM ayodhyA nathI paNa Ayuddhajha che." uparanA dakSiNe AvyAnuM lakhI zakAya kharuM? temaja South pAritrAkamAM paM. zarmAjIne uttara apAyo che te ja & North te baMne eka kahI zakAya kharAM? matalaba 'atra paNa lAgu paDavAnuM samajI levuM. ke ayodhyA paNa juduM ane AyuddhAjha paNa judAM; (3) A pramANe AcArya mahArAje eka ja ane tethI ja sarva bhUla upasthita thavA pAmI che." ThekANe A vartAva karyo che ema nathI paraMtu, ATalA vivecanathI spaSTa thaze ke naM. 25nA pradezane azokanA zilAlekha upara dRSTipAta" nAmanI je ayodhyA karAvate abhiprAya te mULa lakhANane ja che. eka pustikA temaNe bahAra pADI che temAM paNa | (6) uparanA vidvAne ane AcAryazrIe lakhela zabda AcAryazrIe ja ghaDela che. eTale A bannene kema jANe akSarazaH eka bIjAnI kepI ja dekhAya che. uparAMta "DAkaTara paraspara preraNA na maLI hoya tevo vartAva thaI jate paNa rAhI' zabda je uparanA vidvAne vAparyo che te paNa jaNAya che.

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bhAratavarSa ].. uThela carcAnA ane praznone khulAsAe " [ 327 te ja mizAle kAma lIdhe rAkhyuM che; aneka ema mAruM mAnavuM gaNAve che. have vicAro ke eka vidvAnonA maMtavyo-vidyAnethI huM bhinna mata dharA- vakhata uparanI cAra vastusthiti mArAM maMtavya tarIke vato heI, kevaLa tene uddhata karI mArA pustaka pote lekhAve che ane bIjI vakhate pAchI tenAthI AlekhanamAM te upara meM vivAda karyo che. eTale ke ulTI ja sthiti mArAM maMtavya tarIke teozrI manAvavA uddhata karela maMtavyo mArAM nathI, chatAM tevAM avataraNo maLe che. A badhAmAM zuM samajavuM? ane mArAM mArAM ja vidhAna che ema gaNI te pustikAmAM temaja maMtavya tarIke teo kyAMthI lAvyA ? temanA prakAzita anya graMthomAM, avakAza maLatAM ja (12-13) tevI ja rIte pR. 19 upara De. tenI sArI rIte khabara laI lIdhI che. AvAM cAreka pITarasananuM pR. 30 upara Do. bhAMDArakaranuM, ane pR. dRSTAMta temaNe pustikA bahAra pADI, te arasAmAM ja 50-51 upara De. phalITa AdinuM-ema vidvAnonAM muMbaInA sAptAhika "gujarAtI patra"nA tA. 25- maMtavyo TAMkI te upara meM vivecana karyuM che; te traNe 10-36nA aMkamAM pR. 1593 upara meM TAMkI mata kema jANe mArA ja hoya ? (je ke meM te batAvyAM che. vAcakavargane teno khyAla maLI zake te pAchA temAM sudhArA ja sucavyA che) koI e sArU te patramAMthI tenI nakala atre utAruM chuM - niyama hotuM nathI ke eka jaNe amuka mata darzAvyo (10-11) pR. 497 upara temaNe mAruM maMtavya te ja mata sarvee grahaNa kara ja joIe. are utAryuM che tenA zabdo A pramANe che " atyAra A te prathama darzanI hakIkata cAle che, temAM te sudhI sarvenI mAnyatA ema che, ke azaka ane aneka matamatAMtara najare paDe, paNa keTalIka bAbate priyadarzina te baMne eka ja vyakti che, jyAre mArA to siddha thayelI hoya che ja chatAMye navI hakIkata maMtavya pramANe te banne bhinna bhinna vyaktio lAge upalabdha thatAM te siddha thayelIne paNa pheravavI paDe che ane azoka pachI tenA pautra rAjA priyadarzine che ema gaNIne pote potAne mata darzAvavA maMDI rAjyanI lagAma grahaNa karI che"--"bAda priyadarzina paDayA che. vAstavika te ema kahevAya che, te traNe uphe samrATa saMprati thayo, ema kahIne temaNe priya vidvAnonA matathI judA paDI jema me sudhAre sUcavyA dazina ane saMpratinI abhinatA svIkArI che" eTale temAM teo pote paNa sudhArA sUcavI zake. AmAM ema to teoe svIkAryuM che ke, mAre mata nIce ekalA mane ja udhaDo levAnuM dhoraNa temaNe je svIpramANe ja che. (1) azoka eka vyakti che (2) kAryuM che tene badale je vidvAnanAM maMtavyo che temane priyadarzina bIjI vyakita che. (3) priyadazinanuM bIjuM paNa udhaDA levA hatA. athavA emaja kahevuM joItuM nAma saMprati che. (4) azoka pachI tene pautra priyadarzana hatuM ke Ane artha Amaja thAya che mATe te upara u saMprati gAdIe Avyo che. A pramANe mArA kAI e have sudhAro sUcavavo ja joIe nahIM. matanuM uccAraNa kare che, chatAM pite pR. 36 upara uparanA avataraNathI vAcaka tarata khyAla bAMdhI zakaze jaNAve che ke, "senDekeTasa eTale azoka ema ke, vastusthiti kayAM ne kevI che ! mAnI laIe te azokane lekhaka mahAzaya saMprati (4) ayodhyA zabda upara TIkA karanAra, (1)mAM mAne che." eTale ke azokane huM saMprati mAnuM chuM. darzAvela sAhityamanISI paM. bhechArAma zarmAjIe mArUM vaLI pR. 60 upara lakhe che ke, "lekhake azaka ane kathana TAMkIne tA. 13-2-38 nA "jaina" saMprati (priyadarzina)ne eka gaNa azakane uDADI sAptAhikamAM pR. 161 upara "senAdhipati magendra mUko che eTale ke azoka nAme vyakti nathI thaI" rAjA puSyamitra ane kaliMgAdhipati samrATa mahArAjA (7) A avataraNamAMnA saghaLAM pRSTho uparokata " azo- nA zilAlekhe upara daSTipAtavALI pustikAnAM samajavAM,

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 318 ] khAravela" zirSaka nIce peAtAnA vicAra lagabhaga pAA kAlama bharIne darzAvyA che. temanA mukhya zabdo A pramANe cheH " DaoN. sAhebe ' prAcIna bhAratavarSa 'mAMnA sattAdhIza rAjyA, pR. 105, 170, 324 mAM vedadharmAvalaMbI brAhmaNa rAjA puSyamitrane khArabAra hAthINuMkAnA zilAlekhAne sahArA lai jainadharmAM kSatriya rAjA naMda vaMzamAMnA AThamA naMda' banAvI dIdhA che. je sAhityamAM satyathI vegaLuM che." A zabdo kevA yathArtha che tenI hakIkata tapAsIe. temaNe sattAdhIza rAjyAnA nirdeza karela che. tenuM varNana " prAcIna bhAratavarSa " pustaka 1 lAmAM meM ApyuM che. te pustakanA pR 105, 170 ane 3ra4 mAMthI eka upara A viSayanuM Alekhana ja nathI karAyuM. tyAM tA anya viSayanA adhikAra varNavAye| che. eTale temaNe TAMkela zabdAnI geAta karavI te nirarthaka gaNAya. chatAM temanA lekhanI miti tA. 13-2-38 nI hAvAthI, te mudata sudhImAM prAcIna bhAratavarSanI mArI gujarAtI zreNInA bhAga 2-3 ane aMgrejI zreNI ( Ancient India) prathama bhAga bahAra paDI gayA hatA. temAMnA koImAMthI kadAca utArA levAyA hAya te gaNutrIe majakura traNe pustakeA paNa joI vALyAM; te te te pRSThoe temAM paNa anya viSayeA ja samajAvela dekhAyA. eTale mULa zabdo meM kayA lakhela che ane temanI TIkA keTalI vAjabI che te tapAsavAnA mArA hetu aphaLa thayA. paraMtu temaNe TAMkela zabdanA bhAvArtha te| spaSTa che eTale te upara mArA khulAseA raju karI zakIza, [ prAcIna hakIkata paNa temAM varNavI che. eTale pachI tene te zuM, paNa tenA putrane ke kAi vaMzajate huM jainadharmI TharAvavAnA prayatna karUM te teA, sasalAne ziMgaDA hAvAnuM jaNAvyA jevuM ja lekhAya. chatAMya eka vastu yAda Ave che, te saMbhava che ke tene anulakSIne temaNe " nadavaMzamAMnA AThamA naMda ' evA zabdo lakhyA hAya. hakIkata ema che ke, hAthINuMkAnA lekhamAM kaliMgapati cakravatI khAravele magadhapati bRhaspati mitrane,tathA AMdhrapati zrImukha zAtakarrANune harAvyAnA ullekha che. paraMtu A bRhaspatimitra krANu tenI mAhitI vidvAnAne maLatI na heAvAthI, bRhaspatinuM paryAyavAcI nAma puSpa thaI zake che, mATe bRhaspatimitra ane puSyamitra eka ja vyakita che ema TharAvI dIdhuM che. tathA puSyamitrane samaya I. sa. pU. 188 lagabhaganA hAvAthI khAravela ane zrImukhane samaya paNa te ja pramANe mAnI lIdhA che. parantu bRhaspatimitra, te magadhasAmrAjya upara adhikAra bhAgavI rahela nadavaMzI nava naMda rAjAemAMnA AThamA nada hatA; ne tene rAjyakALa I. sa. pU. 415 thI 412, tene harAvanAra khAravelanA samaya I. sa. pU. 4ra9 thI 393 nA, ane tenA samakAlIna AMdhravaMzanA sthApaka zrImukhane i. sa. 427 thI 414ne che ema te pratyekanAM jIvanavRttAMta lakhatI vakhate aneka pUrAvAo ane pramANA ApI me sAbita karyuM che. matalaba ke mArA maMtavya pramANe khAravela, zrImukha ane AmAnaMda urphe bRhaspatimitra e traNe jaNuA samakAlIna hatA ja, paraMtu puSyamitra teA temanA pachI lagabhaga aDhIsA varSe thayA che. A cAra vyakitaomAMnI, prathamanI traNa jainadharmI che jyAre puSyamitra vaidikadharmI che. eTale ja bRhaspatimitra urphe ADamA me jainadharmI kahyo che ane bRhaspatimitra tathA puSyamitrane bhinna bhinna mAnyA che. chatAM temanI peAtAnI mAnyatAnI peThe huM paNu puSyamitrane bRhaspatimitra je lekhuM chuM tevI kalpanA paM. zarmAjIe ghaDI kADhI che tathA peAtAnA trAjave, khIjAnI mAnyatAnA nyAya upara pramANe tALA kADhyA dekhAya che. krANu vedadharmAvalaMkhI brAhmaNu rAjA puSyamitrane meM kadApI jainadharmI kahyo nathI; eTaluM ja nahi paNu tevA kiMcita prayAsa paNa karyAM nathI. ulaTuM puSyamitranadane zuMgavaMzI gaNAtA heAvAthI tene ekalAne nahiM, paNa tenA AkhAye zuMgavaMzane custa vaidakamatAnuyAyI meM lekhavyA che. temane AkhAye ItihAsa pu. 3 mAM apAyela che. vaLI teNe tathA tenA putra agnimitre paMDita pataMjalinA netRtva nIce azvamedha yajJA pharyonI

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsA bhAratavarSa ] keTalA deASita che te ATalA khulAsAthI vAcaDhDhA svayaM vicArI zakaze. khIjAnI mAnyatAne mArI hAvAnuM mAnI laI je aneka AreApe mArA upara mUkAyA hatA temAMnA namunA tarIke cAra pAMca upara pramANe batAvyA che. je sIdhA savAlarUpe kevaLa abhyAsInI dRSTithI prazno pUchAyA lAge che tenA khulAsA have ApuM chuM. prAcIna samaye aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI hatI. tenA zAsaka rAjA dadhivAhananA samaye kauzaMkhIpati be Dajhana jeTalA khulAsA pUchyA che. temAMnA ghaNA-zatAnika caDAI laI AvyA hatA; teNe te nagarIne "muMbaI samAcAra" patranA tA. 31-8-1937 maMgaLavAranA aMkamAM zrIyut phatehacaMda vIThaladAse lagabhaga kharAnA samAveza pU. A. ma. IndravijayasUrijIe upasthita karelA praznomAM thaI jatA haiAvAthI pRthakapaNe tenA uttara vALavA AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. paraMtu aitihAsika praznane nahIM sparzatA-je eka muddo teoe mArA lakSa upara mUkayo che te mATe temane upakAra mAnuM chuM; ane te aMge khulAsA karavAnI mArI pharaja samajuM chuM. A mudde amArA saMpradAyanA pU. panyAsajI mahArAja kalyANuvijayajI mahArAja paratvenA che. mArA pustakanA trIjo bhAga bahAra paDayA tyAre teozrI bhale panyAsapadavIthI vibhUSita naheAtA. paraMtu viratI-te paNAne pAmela kAi paNa munirAja mATe dareka jainane pUjyabhAva hAvA joie te zaMkArahita che. temAM ye A mahApuruSane bhale meM najare darzana karI vAMghA nathI, chatAM temaNe racelAM aitihAsika pustaka gaveSaNApUrvaka vAMcavAnA lAbha te lIdhA ja che. ane teozrI pratye huM kevA bhAva dharAvuM chuM te temanA mATe pu. 3, pR. 108mAM nimnalikhita mArA zabdothI paNa spaSTa thAya che ja. "AmanuM nAma munizrI kalyANavijaya che. teo RtihAsanA bahu ja UMDA abhyAsI che. jainamuniemAM je krAi gaNyAgAMThavA itihvAsanA abhyAsIe gaNAya che teomAM AmanA darajjo bahu UMcA manAya che". A zabdo vAMcI zrIyuta phatecaMdabhAI pAtAnA manamAM lUMTI tathA bhAMgI hatI. te nagarIne pAchI samarAvI karIne rAjA ajAtazatru-e~ kUNike peAtAnI rAjadhAnI banAvI hatI. A pramANe hakIkata che, te sarvasaMmata che prazna je che te, aMgadezanA ane caMpAnagarInA sthAna viSenA che. mArI mAnyatA pramANe aMgadezanuM sthAna, prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 46 uparanA nakazAmAM batAvyA pramANe, je bhAgane vartamAna kALe madhyaprAMta vALA bhAga kahevAya che ane jene mahAkAzala-- vidarbha tarIke eka vakhata eLakhavAmAM AvatA hatA, pradeza che; jyAre temanI mAnyatA baMgALa IlAkAmAM jene vartamAnakALe bhAgalapura jIllA kahevAya che te jyAM caMpA nAmanuM zahera-gAma AveluM che tene ja aMgadeza ane te ja ca'pAnagarI heAvAnI thAya che. eTale eka vakhata jo aMgadezanuM sthAna nakkI karI zakAya tA rAjanagara caMpAnuM sthaLa te ApoApa siddha thaI jaze. (8) zrIyuta phatehacaMdanA savAlA paNa pU. A. ma. IndravijayasUrijInA praznone tattvamAM maLatA hAI, kema jANe temanA ja taraphanI preraNA maLatAM prasiddha karyA heAya evuM [ 319 thayelI zaMkAnuM nivAraNa thayeluM samajaze temaja mArA kAI zabdathI pU. panyAsajI mahArAjanuM mana duHkhAyuM hAya tA trividhe trividhe temanI paNa kSamA cAhuM chuM. have pU. A. ma. zrI indravijayasUrijIe pUchelA mukhya mukhya praznonA uttaraH-- prazna (1) caMpA navI ke jUnI ? aMgadeza karyAM AvyA ? uttare jaNAvavAnuM ke, prathama ApaNe temanI dalIlA tapAsIe. temaNe pragaTa karelA 'prAcIna bhAratavarSanuM siMhAvalAkana' nAmanA graMthamAM A prazna mATe pR. 33 thI 60 sudhInA lagabhaga 27-28 pRSTha reAkaLyAM che. temAM pRSTha 40 upara vidhAna karyuM che ke--"caMpAnagarI e pUrvamAM AvelA aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI che. jUtI caMpAne sthAne ja dekhAI jAya che. A anumAna sAcuM paDe te upar na 6 nI TIkAmAM 5. zarmAjInI je sthiti che te ja zrIyuta phatehacadanI paNa gaNAvI rahe che.

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uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 320 ] navI caMpA vasAvelI che ane gaMgA nadInA kinArA upara che". A AkhA ye vAkayanA traNa bhAga thAya che. prathamanA e mATe teA, upara lakhyA pramANe banne sahamata chIe. mAtra trIjo bhAga je caMpAnuM sthAna gaMgAnA kinArA upara lekhave che, te bAbata bhinnatA che. caMpAnuM sthAna gaMgAnA kinAre hAvA saMbaMdhI temaNe lagabhaga tevIsa dalIlA raju karI che. te sarve, pustakanA AdhAre ja levAyalI che. eka zilAlekha, sikkA ke samayAvaLAne anusarIne levAi nathI ja teTale darajaje tenA jeTalI vajanadAra na gaNAya ( uparamAM pR. 289 jIe). vaLI temAMteA mATeAbhAga evA pustakAna che ke, jene ApaNe pAzcAtya keLavaNInA hiMdamAM pracAra thayA bAda racyA heAvAnuM kahI zakAya; ne jemAM evAM keTalAMye vidhAnane samAveza karAi gayA che ke, je prAcIna samayane baMdhaesatA thavA mATe kalpanAthI nIpajAvI kADhelAM samajAi zakAya che. mArUM ema nathI kahevuM ke tenI kiMmata nathI ja tenI kiMmata paNu che ja; paraMtu kayAre ke jyAre kAi svataMtra pUrAvA ke AdhAra na heAya tyAre; jethI karIne uparAkata tevIsa purAvAmAMthI pAMcaneja ati prAcIna ane vizvasanIya lekhI, bAkInAne eka bAju mUkI rAkhI zakAze. AvA pAMca" te tapAsatAM, caMpAne gaMgA nadI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA mAtra eka ja pUrAve jenA naM. 6 temaNe ApyA che tene kahI zakAya tevA che. temAM paNa "gaMgA" zabda nathI paraMtu " jAnhavyAM " che. gaMgA nadInuM khIjAM nAma jAnhavI che kharUM, paraMtu te ekalI gaMgAnuM ja nAma heAvA uparAMta bIjI krArya nadIone paNa lAgu paDatuM jaNAya che ke kema, te jovuM rahe che. eTale te upara bahu bhAra mUkavAnuM vAjabI na kahevAya. vaLI naM. 1aa pUrAve temaNe nirayAvali rR. 18mAMthI laine je uSkRta karela che ane " lezeya ampAnagarI teLe havAcharU " zabdo meTA akSare lakhI dhyAna khecyuM che, temAMye gaMgAnadIne ullekha ' [ prAcIna AvyAnuM te| dekhAtuM nathI ja. matalaba ke tevIse pUrAvA temanA matanI puSTi ApavA lagabhaga nirbaLa jevA gaNAze. ulaTuM temAMthI keTalIka evI hakIkata tAravI zakAya che, ke je mArA matane samarthana ApanArI che je ApaNe AgaLa upara joizuM. have aMgadeza vizenI temanI dalIla tapAsIe, jema caMpA vize 23 purAvA AvyA che tema aMgadeza vize paNa 23 purAvA ApyA che. caMpA paratve te pAMca cha ati prAcIna pUrAvA lekhAya tevA hajIye najare paDe che. paraMtu aMgadeza vizenA kAi paNu tevA prAcona nathI ja. kAhIyAna ke hayuenazAMga jevA yAtrikAnA varNanane jarUra prAcIna kahI zakAya paraMtu bhUlavuM joituM nathI ke temane samaya I. sa.nI traNathI cha sadInA che. eTale ke je samayanI ApaNe hakIkata tapAsI rahyA chIe te bAda lagabhaga eka hajAra varSe temanuM astitva Ave che. uparAMta temanA varNanAnAM thayela bhASAMtara uparaja ApaNe AdhAra rAkhavA rahe che, nahIM ke mULa zabdo upara. matalaba ke, te hevAla vizenI je sAmagrI upalabdha thAya che temAM kSati rahelI che ja. saMpUrNapaNe temaja che-- athavA hatuM-ema kahI na zakAya. chatAMye je kAMi maLyuM che tenI upekSA teA na ja karI zakIe. tevIse avataraNA tapAsatAM je kAMI sAra kADhI zakAya tema che te eTalA ja kaeN, aMgadeza pUrva dizAmAM Avela hatA, tenI rAjadhAnI caMpA hatI uparAMta caMpAnA sthAna paratve paNa dizAsUcana thADuM thoDuM che. matalaba ke, temanI mAnyatA je baMdhAI che tene jarUra samarthana maLe che kharuM, paraMtu te te mAre paNa mAnya che. huM paNa ema teA kahuM chuM ja, ke baMgALA ilAkAnA bhAgalapura jillAmAM eka caMpA zahera che ane caMpA aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI gaNAtI hAvAthI tene aMgadeza tarIke oLakhAvAya che. paratu A aMgadeza ane caMpA zahera te navAM vaselAM che. tene junA aMgadeza ane cchedanAM vanamAMthI maLI Ave che; eTale ke A bhASAM (9) hayuena racita pustakAnAM bhASAMtaramAM evI kSatiyA rahI gai che. tenAM dRSTAMtA prA. bhA. pu. 1nA trIjA pari-tarAmAM kSati rahI gaI che te siddha thayela samajavuM,

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 321 jUnI caMpAnagarI sAthe saMbaMdha ja nathI (juo prA. bhA. mATe teNe prathama magadhapati sAthe yuddhamAM utaravuM pu. 1. pR. 114, TIkA 33 vagere). A junA aMga- joIe. tema banyAnuM ItihAsamAM kayAMya zodhyuM deza ane jUnI caMpAnagarInA muddAne nirAkaraNa temaNe jaDatuM nathI. eTale bhAgalapura jIllAvALA sthAnane ApelA 23 pUrAvAmAMnA ekemAMthI prApta thatuM nathI. ApaNI vicAraNAmAMthI tarata bAkAta karI nAMkhavI mAtra haju eTaluM TharAvI zakAze ke phAhIyAnanA samaye- rahe che. A sivAya anya sthAne je ullekha Avate I. sa.nI trIjI cothI zatAbdi vakhate-baMgAla IlA- heya te tenI zodha karavI rahe che. kAvALA aMgadeza ane caMpAnagarInuM astitva thaI (1) pU. A. mahArAjazrIe je 23 pramANa javA pAmyuM hatuM. paraMtu te deza ane sthAna ja, rAjA batAvyAM che temAM naM. 6 DhAmAM caMpAnagarIne dadhivAhana ane rAjA ajAtazatrunA samaye paNa hatAM spaSTa ullekha Ave che. te vize vivecana ema to zodhI kADhavuM ja rahe che. A badhI bhAMjagaDa karatAM pote jaNAve che ke, A kathana naLarAja eka nAmanI be vastuo-jUnI ane navI-hAvAthI adhikAramAM prAcIna saMpAnI bAbatanuM che. kayA ubhI thavA pAmI che ema sahaja samajAya che, eTale prasaMgane te kathana che, te je ke ApaNe kahI A bIjA sthAna kayAM AvyuM te have tapAsIe. zakatA nathI paraMtu ema te anumAna derI zakAya jaina zAstromAM jaNAvAyuM che ke, vatsapati rAjA che ke naLa rAjAno niSadhadeza je hatuM tenuM pANI zatAnike aMgadezanA dadhivAhana upara eka ja rAtamAM 10 rAjya te hovuM joIe. A niSadhadezanuM sthAna caDAI karIne tene harAvyuM hatuM tathA tenI rAjadhAnI vartamAne jhAMsI-vAliyara jyAM Avela che te pradeza caMpAnagarIne lUMTIne bhAMgI toDI nAMkhI hatI. A upa- gaNAtuM hatuM. phalita e thayuM ke, jhAMsI ane gvAliyara rathI samajAya che ke, vatsadeza ane aMgadeza baMnenI hada pAsenuM te sthAna thayuM ane aMgadeza-caMpAnagara pUrva pAse pAse ja Avela hovI joIe; temAM vatsadezanuM dezamAM lekhAya che eTale. jhAMsI-gvAliyaranI pUrve sthAna te vartamAnakALanA alhAbAda-prayAga zaheravALA dizAe temaja paDozamAM te deza AvyAnuM samajAyuM. bhAgamAM nakkI ja che, te vize be mata nathI ja; jethI (2) pR. 4ra upara temaNe TAMkela naM. 11nA mAnavuM rahe che ke, aMgadezanI hada-game te dizAe- pUrAvAmAM A pramANe zabda che. "isa vAte vatsadezane aDIne hovI joIe. paraMtu prAcIna kAzambInagarI meM cappAnagarI, kucha bahuta dUra nahIM graMthomAM pUrvadizAmAM aMgadeza hovAnuM jyAM ne tyAM thI. arU caMpAnagarI ke pAsa gaMgA nadI vahatI hai... varNana AvatuM hovAthI, vetsadezanI pUrva dizAmAM ja nirayAvalikA sUtrameM bhI sApha likhA hai ki caMpAaMgadezanuM sthAna haze eTaluM to nakkI thAya che ja. nagarI ke pAsa gaMgA mahAnadI vahatI hai. isa vAte uparamAM jaNAvela bhAgalapura jIllAvALo pradeza jeke zatAnika rAjA lazkara ke sAtha pahile nAvAmAM besI vasanI pUrvamAM to che ja, chatAM teno svIkAra karavAmAM jamanA nadIme calA. pIche prayAga ke arthAta mukhya bAdha te e Ave che ke, te benI vacce (alahAbAda) ke pAsa jahAM jamanA nadI gaMgA sthaLanuM ghaNuM aMtara AvI jAya che ane je bhUmi mahAnadImeM mIla gaI taba gaMgAnAvA se cala kara vacce Ave che tene magadhadeza kahevAtuM hatuM. eTale caMpAnagarI ke eka hI rAtrImeM pahuca gayA". uparanA dekhItuM ja che ke, jo vatsapatine tyAM sudhI javuM hoya zabdothI nIcenI bAbato samajI zakAya che. (a) te magadhanI bhUmine khUdIne ja javuM paDe. ane te kAbI ane caMpAnI vacce bahu aMtara nahatuM. (10) Itazca pUrva nosainyaiH zatAnIko nizaikayA gatvAruNat purI caMpAM jhaMpAsamasamAgamaH // trizaSThizalAkApuruSa caritra -10 cho. 616 41

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= 3rara ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna (A) caMpAnagarInI pAse gaMgA nadI vahe che eTale sacavAya have joIe evuM anumAna dorI zakAya gaMgA nadI upara ja caMpA che ema niradhAra thata che. chatAM A dezano paraspara saMbaMdha dizAparatve bhale nathI; gaMgAne kAMThe paNa hoya ke bahu najIkamAM paNa hoya na sacavAyo hoya, toye svabhAvika ema te samajI (I) alhAbAdathI caMpA jatAM-nadInA pravAhathI- zakAya che ke lekhakano dRSTikeNa, kAzI-vANurazI eka rAtrI jeTalo samaya lAge che. eka rAtrImAM keTaluM nagarIthI pUrvadizAe jatAM, prathama ja aMgadeza hovAnuM aMtara te samaye jaLamArga kApI zakAtuM te je ke uparanA jaNAvavA pUrata haze kharo. ane tema vadhAre saMbhavita kathanathI tAravI zakAtuM nathI, paraMtu kauzaMbIpati che, kemake uparanA naM. 2mAM TAMkela graMthanuM kathana e zatAnika rAjAne prathama kauzaMbIthI alhAbAda sudhI che ke, kauzaMbIthI caMpAnuM sthAna bahu dUra nathI ja. (28-30 mAIlanuM cheTuM gaNAya che) jato jaNAvyo matalaba e thaI ke kAzInI pUrvamAM lagolaga ja che ane te bAda eka rAtrIno pravAsa lakhyo che. aMgadeza Avela hovo joIe. vaLI kauzaMbIthI caMpA bahu dura nathI ema spaSTa A pramANe traNa purAvA to zrI AcAryajI lakhyuM che eTale A badhA saMgonuM ekIkaraNa karatAM mahArAje batAvelAmAMthI ja tapAsI joyA; jemAMthI kauzaMbIthI caMpA sudhInuM aMtara bahu bahu te 100thI e tAtparya nIkaLyo ke, caMpAnuM sthAna kauzaMbI ke 150 mAIlanuM ja Avaze. A AkhuMye aMtara nadInA kAzIthI bahu dUra nathI ja. vaLI anya pramANo paNa sIdhA ja pravAhamAge hoya, ke amuka aMtara sIdhA joI laIe. A caMpA-tathA aMgadezanA sthAna vize pravAhe hoya ane pachI vAMka levo paDato hoya, ke meM racelA prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 136thI 148mAM, nadIpravAha mUkIne thoDoka bha ga sthaLavATe paNa musApharI tathA A aMgadeza upara cedivaMzI kaliMga pati rAjAkaravI paDatI hoya te judI vAta che. je pramANe nI sattA jAmI paDavAthI tene trikaliMgamAMnA eka zabdo vaparAyA che te jotAM te sIdhA pravAhamAganI bhAga tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Avyo che tethI pu. 1, musApharI hovA karatAM, vAMkavALI athavA thoDI sthaLa- mR. 163thI 177 sudhI karelA tenA varNanamAM, temaja mArga paNa hoya tevI sthiti bhAse che. eTale je cedipati-kaliMgapatinA AkhA vaMzanuM je vRttAMta pu. bIjA prakAre musApharI thaI hoya te, 100-150 4mAM dazamakhaMDe ApyuM che temAM anekavidha prAcIna mAIla karato paNa aMtara ghaTI jAya; jyAre kauzaMbI temaja arvAcIna ane sattAsamAna gaNAtA lekhakenA ane bhAgalapura vaccenuM aMtara ja atyAre nadInA pramANe ApIne, A aMgadeza-ane caMpAnagarInA sIdhA pravAhe lagabhaga 400 mAIla ke tethI vadhu paNa sthAna vize chUTIchavAI paraMtu ghaNI ja upayogI mAhitI thavA jAya che. sAra e thayo ke kauzaMbIthI bhAgalapura ApI che. te sarvanuM atra nirUpaNa karavuM asthAne sudhI na pahoMcatAM, vacce ja bahu najIkanA sthaLe gaNAya. eTale te vAMcI javAnI mAtra bhalAmaNuM ja prAcIna samaye caMpAnagarI hatI. karavI rahe che. chatAM saMtoSa ApavA mATe, vadhAre nahIM (3) pR. 46 upara temaNe kAvyAnuzAsananuM ava- te becAra paNa, khAsa upayogI nIvaDe tevA pramANu taraNa karyuM che tenA zabdo "kAzInagarI-vANurasInI to atra jarUra dharavAM ja rahe che. pelI taraphane pUrva pradeza kahevAya che ane tyAM aMga, (4) prabaMdhaciMtAmaNI bhASAMtara (mudrita,amadAvAda; kaliMga ne kesala vigere deza AvelA che." A 1909) pR. 21mAM jaNAve che ke, "zreNikanA maraNa pramANe che. anukramamAM jaNAvyA pramANe ja kAzIthI bAda teno putra azokacaMdra gAdie AvyA. A pUrvadizAmAM A traNe dezanuM sthAna hatuM ke kema te joke nagarImAM (rAjagRhI) potAnA pitAne kALa thayA spaSTa thatuM nathI, paNa varNana karavAmAM sAmAnya niyama teTalA mATe tene tyAga karI, kauzAMbI nagaranI pAse je pALavAmAM Ave che te jotAM kAMIka anukrama navInacaMpA nAmanI nagarI vasAvI tene potAnI rAja

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe 3ra3 dhAno karI." A zabdomAM te kyAMya zaMkAnuM sthAna ja che. jyAre pAMDavo ane duryodhana vacce hastinApuramAM rahetuM nathI. spaSTa nirdeza karela che ke, caMpAnuM sthAna hariphAI khelAya che tyAre, karNa rAjaputra na hovAnA kauzabInI pAse ja che. kAraNe tene potAne haripha lekhavAnI arjuna nA 5) jyAM jyAM caMpAnagarInA rAjA ajAtazatrunA pADe che; jethI duyodhane turata ja aMgadezanuM rAjya maraNa saMbaMdhI hakIkata jaNAvavAmAM AvI che tyAM tyAM karNane soMpI de che. have hastinApuranuM rAjya magadhanI sarva ThekANe eka ja matalabanuM lakhANa darzAvyuM che ke, pUrva ane pazcime be vibhAgamAM te na ja vaheMcAyeluM tenuM mRtyu caMpAdezamAM ja thayuM che (je dezamAM caMpA- heya; ane pUrva hiMda para te jarAsaMghanuM ja prabhutva nagarI AvelI hoya tenuM nAma caMpAdeza ema kahevAno che. eTale aMgadeza hastinApuranI AsapAsane ke hetu che). vaLI te kudaratI mote nathI mUo paNa samIpano ja pradeza hoI zake; tema tene samAveza paNa vidhyAparvatamAM jIta meLavavA gayo hato tyAM mUo hastinApuranI rAjyasattAmAM thato hovo joIe. che (juo haramana jekebIkata pariziSTaparva, sarga 6. ema hoya to ja duryodhana potAnI marajI pramANe y. 21 ane AgaLa). AmAM vidhyAcaLa parvatanuM aMganuM rAjya karNane soMpI zake. jarAsaMdhanA sAmrAsthAna ja ema sUcave che ke, te caMpAdeza (aMgadezanI jyanI pelI bAjIne pradeza tene kabaje hoya ke te rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI hevAthI aMgadezanuM ja temAM karNane tenI bheTa dharI zake e asaMbhavita jevuM jaNAya sUcana samajavAnuM che) baMgALamAM nahIM, paNa viMdhyAcaLa che. eTale nirvivAda rIte kahI zakAya ke aMgadezanuM parvatanI aDoaDa che, eTale ke jene seMTrala provInsIjha sthAna magadha sAmrAjya ane hastinApuranI vacce ja " kahevAya che te pradeza che. hevuM joIe. (6) aMgapati dadhIvAhana rAjA potAnI rANI (8) zilAlekhathI paNa te ja hakIkatane samarthana padmAvatI sAthe krIDA karavA jatAM hAthI upara besIne maLatuM rahe che. nAnAdhATa lekha naM. 1mAM ( juo paMcama aTavImAM jaI caDe che. te pachI tenA anusaMdhAnamAM paricchede) nAganikAnA pitA mahArathIne aMgiya kuLadaMtapura-kaMcanapura, kaligadeza, vaMzadeza AdinuM vRttAMta vadhana gaNAvavAmAM AvyA che. aMgiya kulavardhanano Ave che; jo bhAgalapuravALo ja te pradeza heta te artha aMgadezamAM je kule-kuTuMba rahetAM hatAM tenI tenI AsapAsamAM AvA nAmavALuM koI sthAna paNa vRddhi karanAra e thAya che. matalaba ke A mahAranathI tema tevuM kaI aTavI paNa nathI. haju tyAMthI thIo temaja mahAjakonuM sthAna, jene hAlamAM - dakSiNa tarapha nIkaLI javAya te kalinanI bhUmi upara varADa kahevAya che ane prAcIna samaye vidarbha kahetA temaja tyAMnI aTavImAM pahoMcAya kharuM. paraMtu te mATe hatA te TharAvAyuM che. agnimitre paNa je saradAranI te magadhadezanI bhUmimAMthI pasAra thavuM ja joIe. putrI mAlavikA sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM te A vidarbha tevuM karyAnuM kayAMya jaNAvAyuM paNa nathI tema paramulakanA prAMtane ja hatA ane saMbhava che ke nAganikA temaja rAjAne kaI bhUpati potAnI bhUmimAMthI emane ema mAlavikA bane aMgiya kulavardhana mahArathIonI pasAra thavA de kharo ke? eTale mAnavuM ja rahe che ke, putrIo hatI. jethI samajAya che ke, vidarbha prAMtaaMgadezanI hada dakSiNe laMbAIne viMdhyAcaLa parvatane varADa prAMta te prAcIna samayanA aMgadezano eka bhAga aDIne AvI rahI hatI. hato. te mATe tyAMnA mahArathIo pitAne agiyakula (7) kAzI ane kauzAMbI pAse aMgadeza, hevAna vardhana kahevarAvatA hatA. purA mahAbhAratamAMthI paNa maLI Ave che. hakIkata uparanI AThe dalIle ane pramANene ekatrita ema che ke, duryodhana hastinApuranA rAjavI che. pAMDavo karIne sAra-niceDa kADhIzuM te A pramANe muddA nIkaLe IndraprasthanA rAjavI che ane jarAsaMgha magadhane samrATa cheH-(1) vatsadezanI rAjadhAnI kauzAMbI ane aMga

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= = 324 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna dezanI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarI vacce aMtara bahu jUja temAM pahelA, aSTApadaparvata upara; naM.12mA caMpApurImAM; che. (2) rAjadhAnIo vacce aMtara che paraMtu te te naM. 22mA giranAra parvata upara ane 24mA pAvApurImAM dezanI hada to ekabIjAne aDIne ja rahelI samajAya che. nirvANa pAmyA che, jyAre bAkI rahetA tenuM nirvANa (3) jene hAla madhyaprAMta kahevAya che te ja mukhyabhAge baMgALAmAM Avela sametazikhara parvata upara che. prAcIna samaye aMgadeza kahevAto. (4) aMgadezanI AmAMnA aSTApadanI taLeTInuM sthAna kAsilekhanA sImAM dakSiNe viMdhyAcaLa parvata pAse aTakI jatI sthaLe, giranAranuM to zaMkArahita ja che, pAvApurI hatI. A nirNaya to badhA graMthamAMnAM vRttAMta, varNana (madhyama apApA tarIke je pAchaLathI oLakhAI che te)nuM ane darzAvAyelA vividha prasaMge uparathI tAravI sAMcI-bhilsA 13 pradezamAM, ane sametazikharanuM dhaulI- kADhelA gaNAze. paraMtu jo tene zilAlekhano ke jaLa- jAgaiDAnA lekhanA sthAne gaNAya che; je sarva hakIkata pu. vAI rahela anya smArakano Take maLe che te vizeSa 2mAM darzAvAI gaI che. kevaLa bAramAM tIrthakaranuM nirvANasaMgIna gaNAze; ane tema thAya to tene acUka rIte sthAna je caMpArI hatI tenA sthAnanuM nirmANa karavuM ja pramANita vastu tarIke ja svIkAravI raheze. bAkI rahyuM. pR. 321-24 sudhI ATha pUrAvAnI carcAnA uparamAM bIjA vibhAge ApaNe puravAra karI aMte ema puravAra karI zakyA chIe, ke jenI rAjadhAnI gayA chIe (Ao pR. 306) ke azoka ane priya- caMpA che tevA aMgadezanuM sthAna kebI ane kAzInI dazina banne bhinna hatA; temAM priyadarzinA pite jainadharmo pUrvamAM, najIka ke aDoaDa che. temaja tenI sarahada hato. eTale priyadarzine ubhA karela sarva nAnA moTA dakSiNamAM laMbAIne TheTha vidhyAcaLa parvata sudhI laMbAI zilAlekho jenadharmanAM smAraka gaNavAnAM che. A hatI. eTale upara darzAvelI sImAvALA aMgadezamAMthI smAraka ubhA karavAmAM teno Azaya e hato ke, je ja priyadarzinano kaI zilAlekha ApaNane maLI Ave moTA zilAlekho che. tyAM tenA janadharmanA mahApuruSo to te sthAne caMpAnagarInuM hatuM ema ApoApa siddha jene kahI zakAya che te tIrthakaronAM maraNa thayAM che thayuM gaNAze. Avo eka lAkha rUpanAthanI che. te ane nAnA zilAlekhe che tyAM tenA pitAnA sagAM. priyadarzanane te che ja, paraMtu tene nAne zilAlekha vahAlAM maraNa pAmyAM che. A hakIkata prA. bhA. pu. tarIke lekhAvyA che eTale ApaNI badhI zarato paLAI 2mAM samrATa priyadarzinane vRttAMte jaNAvI che. tema ja zakatI na gaNAya. chatAM have navA zodhathI mAlUma paDayuM vizeSa vistArapUrvaka, mArA taraphathI priyadarzinanuM che ke, rU5nAthanA lekhanA je traNa cAra TukaDA thaI jIvanacaritra je taiyAra thaI rahyuM che temAM paNa jaNA- gayA che tene ekatrita karatAM, te evo maTolekha vavAmAM AvI che. tyAMthI joI levA vinaMti che. paraMtu thaI zake che ke tyAM paNa giranAra parvatanA lekha jevA, teno sAra atre jaNAvI daIe. tIrthakaranAM ane pharamAne chetarAyAM . temaja hAthInuM cihna paNa pitAnAM sagAMnAM maraNasthAna vacceno bheda pArakhI katarAyeluM mAlUma paDI AvyuM che. eTale lagabhaga nakkI zakAya te mATe, teNe prathama prakAranAM sthAno upara zilA- thaI gayeluM ja gaNavuM rahe che ke, rUpanAtha lekhanI lekho chetarAvIne potAnI sahI sUcavatuM hAthInuM cihya jagyAe ja ke tenI AsapAsamAM ja caMpAnagarInuM mUkayuM che jyAre bIjA prakAranAM sthAnone te cihnarahita sthAna hovuM joIe. vaLI jyAre sarakArI saMzodhanakhAtuM rahevA dIdhAM che. jenonA tIrthakaronI saMkhyA 24nI che. ema jAhera kare che ke, A rUpanAtha ane jabalapuranI (11) jyAM parvata upara nirvANa thayuM hoya tyAM tenI taLeTIe zilAlekha priyadarzine ubho karyo che ema samajavuM, (12) jIo uparanI TIkA naM. 11 (13) A pArvatIya pradezamAM jayAMthI zilAlekha maLI Ave (hAthInA cinhAMti) tyAM tenI taLeTI samajavI,

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 325 vacce prAcIna samaye kAi meTInagarI heAvI joie. te sthiti upajAvI kADhI che te samajavA, prathama mAre ema tyAMnA pradezamAMthI maLI AvatAM avazeSo uparathI mAlUma paDe che. eTale teA pAkApAye-seAvasA-nirNaya ja thai jAya che ke, caMpAnagarI tyAM ja hatI ane tenI traNe utArA ApavA joie ane pachI mArA khUlAsA ApavA joie ke jethI vAstavika sthiti zuM che te vAcaka pAse spaSTa thaI jAya. (pahelA) prAcIna caMpA O nirvANa pAmyA heAvA joie. jo parvata upara ja nirvANuM pAmya hAya teA rUpanAtha lekhanI jagyA te parvatanI taLATInuMja sthAna lekhavuM ane udyAnamAM nirvANa pAmyA hAya tA te sthAna caMpAnagarInA, aMtimabhAganuM ke pAsenA udyAnanuM lekhavuM ke jyAM temane agnidAha devAyA hAya. jema A pramANe pustako caMpAnagarInA sthaLanI ceAkhavaTa karI rahyAM che ane tene zilAlekhA pUrAvAe samarthana ApyuM che, tema prAcIna samaye ubhA karAyela smArakanA paNa te hakIkatane TekA maLI rahyo che. A smAraka bhArahatastUpa samajavA. te sthAna, zrImahAvIranA kaivalya kalyANanuM puravAra karI ApatI vakhate caMpAnagarI A sthaLamAM ja hovA vizenI keTalIka vigata pR. 313-14 upara apAI gaI che. vaLI vizeSamAM 'jaMbhAya--gAmane RRjIvAlikA nadI'vALA zirSakamAM nIce varNavI che te juo. AvI rIte zilAlekhI, smArakarUpI ane pustakAmAMnA-ema sarve prakAranAM pramANeAthI, aMgadezanI caMpApurInuM sthAna prAcIna samaye-dadhivAhana ane ajAtazatrunA samaye-madhya prAMtavALA bhAgamAM ane jabalapuranI pAsenA rUpanAtha zilAlekhavALA sthAne hatuM ema nakkI thayuM gaNI levuM. pAsenA parvata upara ke tenA udyAnamAM, bAramA tIrthaMkarapurInA nAza I. sa. pU. 556mAM thaI gayA khAda lagabhaga trIsa trIsa varSe A rAjA kUNuikavALI caMpAnI sthApanA thaI che (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 139, TI. 22); (bIjo utArA) I. sa. pU. 557mAM vatsapati rAjA zatAnIke, caMpA upara hallA karI bhAMgI nAkhI hatI...eTale ke Azare pacIsa varSe teneA punarUddhAra thayA ema gaNavuM (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 374, TI. 15); (trIjo utArA) vaLI te nagarI sarvathA nAza pAmelI nahAtI, eTale e traNa varSamAM ja tene punarUddhAra karAvI rAjyapATa pheravI tyAM rahevA lAgyA (prA. bhA. 1, pR.296). A traNa utArAmAMthI prathamanA e mArA pustakanI TIkAmAMnA che jyAre chellA mukhya lakhANamAMnA che. temAMnA mATA akSare je zabdo che te temaNe dhyAna khecavA lakhyA samajAya che. mArA khUlAsA e che ke, lagabhaga trIsa trIsa varSe ane Azare pacIsa varSe, A vAkayAzabdomAM bahu asaMgata jevuM nathI ja; kemake ekamAM lagabhaga che te bIjAmAM Azare che. eTale pacIsa ane trIsanI gaNatrI AvI ja rahe che. chatAMye temAM kAMi kaDAkATa samaya darzAvavAnA Azaya nahAtA ja, te tA " lagabhaga ane Azare " zabdo vaparAyA che te uparathI paNa dIvA jevuM spaSTa dekhAi Ave che. trIjA utArAmAM je " e traNa varSamAM ja " lakhAyuM che te paNa vAjabI che. kemake AkhuM kathana rAjA ajAtazatrunA khArAmAM lakhAyuM che. vaLI tenI tarata ja pAchaLa ' punarUddhAra karAvI rAjyapATa pheravI tyAM rahevA gayeA.' lakhAyalA zabdothI tema ja je pArigrAphamAMthI temaNe avataraNa karyuM che te AkhuM vAMcI javAthI spaSTa thaI jAya tema che ke,gAdIe AvyA pachI rAjA ajAtazatrue " e traNa varSamAM ja " caMpAnagarInA punarUddhAra karAvyA che. A zabdone caMpAnagarI kyAre bhAMgI ne kyAre vasI tenA samaya sAthe kAMi ja saMbaMdha nathI; eTale ke * uparanAM e avataraNAthI A trIjA avataraNanA samaya .. ATalA khulAsA caMpAnA sthAna viSe thayA; have tenA samaya vize jaNAvIza. temaNe mArA pustakamAMthI traNeka utArA temanA pustakanA rR. 53 upara nAMkhyA. che ane chevaTe pR. 54 upara peAtAnA abhiprAya jAhera karyA che ke " A traNe virodhI hakIkatA...kayA gaNitanA hisAbathI thaI zake te samajavuM muzkela nathI eTale ke uparanI hakIkata taddana asaMmata che.'' temanA kahevAnI matalaba e che ke te traNe utArAmAM Apela samaya ekabIjAthI bhinna che ane tevuM lakhavAmAM meM mArA peAtAnA ja zabdo khATA harAvyA che. meM pote bhUla khAdhI che ke, pAte kArya paNa agamya kAraNane lIdhe

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3ra6 ]. uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna judo ja paDe te koI paNa samajI zake tevuM ja che. pU. 405thI 381=24 varSa Avaze. | mAruM samajavuM prathama ema thatuM hatuM ke A ava- A badhI sAla pR. 301thI3 05 sudhI puravAra karI taraNomAM moTA akSare TAMkelA zabdo paratve ja temane Apela sAlathI ghaNI judI paDI Ave che te tarata virodha haze. te hisAbe uparanI samajUti ApI che. samajI javAze. matalaba ke, temaNe je samaya mAnya paraMtu samajAya che ke rAjA kRNikane rAjyAbhiSeka je rAkhela che te satya nathI. joke A viSaya upara keTalIye I. sa. pU. 528mAM meM nevyo che temAM paNa temano virodha carcA thaI gaI che ane judA judA vidvAnoe jude jude che. kharI rIte te A praznane ukela, bhagavAna zrI samaya nirNita karI Apyo che chatAM, sarva banAvane mahAvIranA jIvanamAM banelA aneka banAvone paraspara samaya tenAthI saMtoSAtA na hovAthI temAM sudhArAne samaya nakkI karavA upara avalaMbe che eTale zrImahA- avakAza rahe che eTaluM svIkAravuM ja rahe che. vIranuM svataMtra pustaka huM bahAra pADavAno chuM temAM prazna (2):-jaMbhIyagAma ane rijuvAlukA nadIsamAveza karAze. chatAM atre jyAre temaNe prazna upasthita A sthAne bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrane kaivalajJAna karyo che tyAre katipayaaMze te samajAvavA prayatna karIza. prApta thayuM hatuM. meM te sthAnane madhyaprAMtamAM nagAda temaNe nIcenA samaya upara gaNatrI karI che - rAjeye Avela bhArahata gAmane oLakhAvyuM che. jyAre (1) zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANu I. sa. pU. para 7-6 temaNe baMgALa ilAkAmAM hAlanA jenaprajAnA tIrthadhAma (2) zreNikanA rAjyanI samApti eTale rAjA kRNikano - pAvApurI pAse AvyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A saMbaMdhamAM rAjyAbhiSeka I. sa. pU. 55 ke 54 (3) ane temaNe pR. 61thI 76 sudhI 16 pRSTha bharyA che. potAnI kaNikarAe AThamA varSe buddhane nirvANa eTale I. sa. Teva pramANe ADIavaLI ne dhamAM moTAbhAga kADhI pR. 544 ke 4H te hisAbe bIjA aitihAsika nAMkhyo che. jyAre "jebhIyagoma ane rijuvAlikA" prasaMgone samaya temaNe nIce pramANe ja TharAva paDaze:- nadI mATe te kevaLa eka pramANu ja utAryuM che, je (1) buddhabhagavAnanuM AyuSya 80 varSanuM che tethI zabdazaH A pramANe pR. 76 upara che. temano janma I. sa. pU. 624 ke 626 mAM Avaze. " pArzvanAtha hIla (sametazikhara)thI dakSiNa(2) zreNika, bhagavAna buddhathI pAMca varSa nAno pUrvamAM AjI (Ajaiy) nAmanI moTI nadI vahe che eTale tene janma I. sa. pU. 619mAM; ane che. A nadIne eka kAMThe lagabhaga be mAIla upara paMdara varSanI uMmare gAdIe beThe che eTale I. sa. pU. jamazrAma (Jamgram) nAmanuM prAcIna gAma 604mAM Avaze; tyArabAda 311 varSa azokanuM maraNa che. ahi juno killo vagere paNa che. A thayuM che tethI tene samaya I. sa. pU. 293 Avaze. gAma pArzvanAtha hilathI dakSiNapUrvamAM lagabhaga (3) azokanuM maraNa 293mAM gaNAya che, tene pacAsa mAIla eTale pacIseka gAu thAya (ATaluM janma (293582 varSanuM AyuSya hatuM te hisAbe) 375 lakhIne pachI potAnA vicAra jaNAvatAM lakhe I. sa. pU.; tenuM gAdIe besavuM 357 ane rAjyAbhiSeka che)... "eTale evI kalpanA thaI zake che ke, 349 Avaze. A AjI nadI e ja te vakhatanI uju (ju) (4) te hisAbe biMdusArane rAjyakALa I. sa. nadI hoya, ane A jamagrAma e ja te vakhatanuM . pU. 381-353 sudhI=28 varSa Avaze. jaMbhIyagrAma hoya.......... - (5) ane caMdragupta mauryane rAjyakALa I. sa. (prAcIna tIrthamALA saMgraha bhA. 1, pR. 33, TI.) * (14) A traNe samaya mATe paNa mAnya che ema sama. javuM nahIM. prathama barAbara che bIjA trIjAmAM bhinnatA che. atre te temanI gaNatrI kevI khATI che te batAvavA pUratuM ja A vivecana che,

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 327 vAcaka joI zakaze ke A avataraNamAM kaI ThekANe kauzAMbInuM sthAna alhAbAdathI pazcime yamunA nadI jAvAlukA nadI ke saMbhIyagrAmane sAbita karato upara 28-30 mAIle Avela sarva saMmata che ane eka harapha paNa lakhela nathI. chatAM tevA adhakacarA caMpAnuM sthAna ApaNe rU5nAtha lekhavALA sthAnanI ane ekalaDokala purAvA upara ja ka95nAnA taraMge najIkamAM hovAnuM sAbita karI gayA chIe (pR. 321 caDIne potAnA kathanane satya manAvavA teozrI prayatna thI 324 juo ) eTale temanA ja zabdathI sAbita karI rahyA che. AmAM nyAya keTalo gaNAya te te thaI gayuM ke, bhagavAnanuM kaivalyathAne A pradezamAM ja vAcaka svayaM vicArI joze. hatuM, nahIM ke baMgALa jevA dUranA pradezamAM. jo ke meM te bhAratanA sthAnane bhagavAna uparamAM to temanA kathananAM pramANu, temanI virUddha zrI mahAvIranuM kaivalyasthAna hovA vize uparanA pustakanA janArAM batAvyAM. have anya pustakanAM pramANa pramANo ApIne tathA tRpa (jene mApa lagabhaga 80 vicArIzuM. ka. sa. sa. TIkA pR. 91nI paMkti 4mAM phITa uMcuM ane 150 phUTa pahoLuM che tevA jabarajasta lakhyuM che ke, "tyAMthI anukrame kezAbInagarIe prabhu ImAratI kAma) jevA smArakano purAvo ApIne gayA. tyAM zatAnika nAme rAjA hatA. tenI mRgAvatI sAbita karI ApyuM che ja. vaLI vizeSa sAbitI mATe nAme rANI hatI-(5. 14) te vakhate zatAnika temanAja kathanamAMthI prathama utAra laIne ane te rAjAe caMpAnagarIne bhAMgI. tyAMnA dadhivAhana rAjAnI bAda vizeSa maLI AvatA anya pustakanA pramANathI dhAriNI nAmanI strIne tathA vasumatI nAmanI putrIne mArA matane samarthana pUruM pADIza. - keda pakaDI...(5 16) vasumatIne kezabInA coTAmAM (pR. 66) "bhagavAne agiyAramuM comAsuM vaizAlI- lAvIne vecI tene dhanAvaha nAmanA zeThe vecAtI laI, nagarImAM karyuM. te pachI cemAsuM pUruM thaye bhagavAna caMdanA nAma ApIne putrInI peThe rAkhI...(5. 28) sasamArapura AvyA tyAMthI bhAgapura, naMdigrAma, meMDhiya. caMdanAe prabhune aDadanA bAkulA vaharAvyA ne mokSa gAma AvyA ane tyAMthI kauzAMbImAM AvyA. (A lIdhuM. te vakhate tyAM pracadivya pragaTa thayAM. idra paNa temanA zabdathI sAbita thAya che ke meMDhiyagAma Avyo...(. 30) tyAM mRgAvatI mAsInuM maLavApaNuM kauzAMbInI najIkamAM hovuM joIe) AgaLa jatAM te ja thayuM tathA te saMbaMdhI vasudhArAmAM paDeluM dhana zatAnika pRSTa upara pote lakhe che ke,-"caMpAmAM AvyA, tyAM levA Avyo, tene nivArIne dhanAvahane te dhana daIne temaNe bAramuM comAsuM karyuM. e comAsA pachI bhagavAna tathA " A vIraprabhunI pahelI sAdhvI thaze" ema jaMlIyagAma, meMDhiyagAma, chammANi majijhama pAvA kahIne idra pitAne sthAnake gayo. pachI anukrame vageremAM vicarI jaibhIyagAma (RAvAlikA nadI upara) bhikA nAme gAmamAM idra nRtyavidhi dekhADIne kahyuM mAM AvyA tyAM temane vaizAkha suda 6nA divase kevaLa ke ATale divase jJAnanI prApti thaze (pR. 92, 5. 1) jJAna thayuM." [mArI noMdha-uparanA zabdothI paNa e ja tyArabAda meMDhikA gAme camareDhe prabhune kuzaLa pUchayuM samajatI nIkaLe che ke, temaNe noMdhela sarva sthAno ... A sarva zabdothI spaSTa ane zaMkArahita mAlama thAya caMpAnI pAsenA pradezamAM ja AvelAM hovAM joIe. che ke zAMbI ane caMpA najIkamAM che temaja jabhikA ane tema uparanA prathama avataraNamAM te ja meMDhiyagAmano meMTika paNa te dezamAM ja Avela che. AcAryajIe paNa nirdezaka kauzAMbInI najIka ane A dvitiya avataraNamAM aMbika ane meMTika najIka hovAnuM ja (pR. 66)mAM te ja meDhiyagAmane nirdeza caMpAnI najIkamAM Avate jaNAvyuM che. hoine, sahaja anumAna bAMdhI zakAya che ke, caMpA te ja ka. su. su. TI. na pR. 94, 5. 13mAM lakhe ane kauzAMbI temaja upara jaNAvela sarva gAmo ke, vijaya nAmanA muddate jaMbhika nAmanA gAmanI bahAra arasaparasa najIka najIkamAM ja hovAM joIe; temAM Rju pAlikA nAmanI nadIne kAMThe, vyAvRtya nAmanA

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3ra8] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna eka vyataranA devaLanI, nahi ati dUra, tema nahi ati ullekha ja pR. 91thI 94 sudhImAM kayAMya karAyuM nathI. najadIka, sAmAka nAme kuTuMbikanA kSetramAM, sAlanAmanAM eTale vaizAlImAM mAruM karIne "prabhu susumAra nAme vRkSa nIce, utkaTika AsanathI AtApanA letAM thakAM nagara prate gayA tathA tyAM amareMdrano utpAta thayo tyAMthI chano tapa hote chate...kevaLa jJAna ane kevaLa darzana anakrame kazAMbI nagarIe prabhu gayA" evA zabdone prabhune utpanna thayAM. " A vAkayamAM, zrI mahAvIrane AdhAre bAramuM comAsuM kauzAMbImAM thayAnuM meM mAnI kevaLajJAna utpanna thavAnA gAmanI kevaLa nedha ja lIdhuM. te vAtane vaLI puSTi e uparathI maLI gaI ke karI nathI, paraMtu te gAmamAM kayA sthaLe, kaI jagAe, te bAda zatAnike caMpA upara hale karIne bhAMgyAnI. kayA kSetramAM tathA AsapAsa kayAM sthAne hatAM ema dhAriNI ane vasumatI pakaDAyAnI, caMdanabALAe sarva vigatethI darzAvyuM che. ane vAcaka varga kadAca aDadanA bAkaLA paherAvyAnI I. I. prasaMgonuM varNanajoIne ajAyabImAM garakAva thaI jaze, ke te sarva avataraNa pramANe bAbehuba banI gayuM hovAthI, te sthiti atyAre paNa tAdazya svarUpamAM jaLavAI rahI che. sarve bAramuM comAsuM vItyA bAda thayA hovAnuM meM bhAratastupa nAme janarala kaniMgahAme racela pustakamAMthI kalpI lIdhuM ane te ja mAnyatA pramANe prAcInaA sthAnane lagatA je be nakazA citaryo che, te meM bhAratavarSamAM sarvatra jaNAvAyuM che. sAthe sAthe vAcakaA pustakamAM joDyA che te jovAthI mane saMpUrNa umeda varga kapA karIne nAMdhI leze ke A pramANe vigatamAM che ke, mArA kathananI vAcakane saMpUrNa khAtrI thaI jaze. phera paDe che kharo, paraMtu meM raju karela kAI siddhAMta atra A prazna saMbaMdhIno mAro khulAso pUro ke thIyarI badalAI jatI nathI; tethI temanuM kaivalya thaI jAya che. eTale AgaLa vadhavuM rahyuM. te pUrve nyAyanI kalyANaka ke nirvANa kalyANaka te jyAM meM TharAvyuM che khAtara kahevuM joIe ke AcArya mahArAjazrIe bhale tyAM ja rahe che. eTale have to te sudhAro jyAre pustakanI bIjI ADIavaLI noMdha karIne mAruM kathana asatya navI AvRtti karavAno yoga sAMpaDaze tyAre karI levAnuM ja TharAvavA prayatna karyo che, chatAM mArAthI eka khalanA chatAM mArAthI eka khalanA Avazyaka rahyuM gaNAze. je thaI gaI che te tarapha mAruM lakSa daryuM che te mATe prazna (3):-pAvApurI kyAM AvyuM ? A jarUra temano RNI thayo chuM ja. kalpasUtra sukhabodhinI praznanI carcAmAM temaNe pR. 77thI 105=29 pRSTha vRttinuM bhASAMtara nAme pustaka sulabhya hovAthI tene rokayAM che ne tenA sAra, sAMcI ane pAvApurI AdhAra meM vAraMvAra lIdhe che. bhASAMtara hoI temAM evA traNa vibhAga pADayA che. A AkhAye keTalIka bhUla rahI gaI che chatAM maLa hakIkata to prazna, mahAvIra bhagavAnanA nirvANa sthaLa sAthe saMkaLAtemAM barAbara sacavAI rahelI ja dekhAya che. temAM cela che. nirvANasthaLanuM nAma pAvApurI hatuM te mAre zrI mahAvIre dIkSA laIne kevaLa jJAna utpanna thayuM tyAM paNa kabula che. je matabheda che te tenA sthaLa-jagyA sudhInA bAra mAsAM kayAM kayAM karyo, tenuM vRttAMta mATeno che. temanuM kahevuM che ke, "pAvApurI pUrvadezamAM ApavAno prayAsa pR. 81thI 91 sudhI karela che. ahIM bihAra pAse AvelI che. te bihArathI 7 mAIla. pR. 91, 5. 2mAM vaizAlInagarImAM prabhunuM 11muM jaMbhIyagAmathI bAra yojana dUra ane rAjagRhIthI comAsuM thayuM ema lakhyuM che. ane te bAda pR. 94mAM 3 kesa dara AvelI che. zrImahAvIra eka ja rAtrimAM temane kaivalya prApti thaI tyAMsudhInuM varNana karI jaMbhIyagAmathI pAvApurI padhAryA hatA ane tyAM javAyuM che. paraMtu bAramuM cemAsuM kyAM thayuM hatuM tene suMsALa rajajuka sabhAmAM temanuM nirvANa thayuM hatuM." (15) A uparathI te evuM samajAya che ke bhagavAna pote pAmyA pachI turata pahelI rAtrIe uparanA sthAna vacce nirvANa pAmyA, te pUrve eka rAtrImAM jaMbhIyagAmathI pAvApurI bAra yojanane vihAra te zAstra pramANita che. paraMtu sudhInA bAra ejanane temaNe vihAra karyo hato. A nirvANa pUrve AvaDe lAMbA vihAra karyAnuM kayAMya noMdhAyuM kAMIka navIna ja hakIkata raju thaI gaNAya (kemake kevaLa jJAna jaNAtuM nathI

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 329 (juo, temanuM pustaka, pR. 15) jayAre mAruM kahevuM mapAvA ne mahasenavana-baMnene paraspara evI rIte che ke, te sthaLa bhopALa sTeTamAM jyAM bhisA ane saMbaMdha banAvAyo che ke je hakIkata meM sAMcI sAMcIgAmanA pradeze lagabhaga 60 jeTalA stUpe stUpanI carcAmAM upADI che (juo pR. 309 thI 311 AvelA che te pradezamAM che. A pramANe jyAM baMnenI tene puSTI ApanArI thaI paDe che. mAnyatAmAM dizAno ja phera hoya tyAM pitAnI mAnya- prazna (4):-saMcI-sAMcI ke sAcora tAnI sAthe tenI gaNatrI laine sAcora ane sAMcI saMcInagara vize mArI mAnyatA zuM che te huM vize game teTalI vAto karyA kare te tarapha ApaNe prathama TuMkAmAM jaNAvI dauM; jethI khulAsAmAM huM zuM upekSAvRtti ja sevavI rahe che. paraMtu kevaLa je sAra kahevA mAguM chuM te spaSTapaNe samajI zakAya. bhopALa ane sAMcI saMbaMdhI ja che tene sAMcInA praznanI nIce sTeTamAM jyAM bhIsA ane sAMcI tRpe Avela che, mAM Avaze ja. eTale bAkI rahela trIjo (juo prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 188 upara te pradezano vibhAga-(pAvApurInAM sAta ATha pRSTho ApaNe nakazo) te lagabhaga AkhA pradezamAM eka nagarI I. sa. kasI jo rahe che. ahIM paNa temaNe pUrvanA praznonI pUnI chaThI sadImAM AvI hatI. A nagarInA pUrva cheDe peThe 23 purAvA ApyA che. tene be vargamAM vaheMcI hAlanuM bhilsA urphe vidizA ane pazcima cheDe saMcI zakAya tema che. AdinA 1 thI 7 ane chelle 23 hatuM. vidizAmAM vaizyaprajA vasatI hatI. te bahu maLI AThano eka varga; ane vacce rahI gayela 8 samRddhivaMta prajA hatI ane A sthAnamAM zrI mahAvIra thI 22 maLI padarano bIjo varga. pahelA vargamAM nirvANa pAmyA hatA. jyAre temanA zarIrane tyAMthI ajaina graMthanAM pramANa che uparAMta te sarva laga- laI jaIne, saMcIvALA pradezomAM agnidAha devAyo bhaga arvAcIna gaNAya tevA che. vaLI AThamAMthI mAtra ane te upara stUpa racAyA hatA. te samayathI samrATa ekamAM ja pAvApurI be hatI ema lakhANa che. ekamAM priyadarzana sudhInA aDhIse eka varSamAM je je samartha bauddhanI pAvApurInI ja vAta noMdhI che jyAre ApaNe AcAryo vagere thaI gayA paraMtu temanAM zarIra viSaya tapAso che jemanI pAvApurIne; A gaNa- jude jude ThekANe agnisaMskAra pAmelAM, temanAM trIthI te vargane dUra rAkhI mUko paDaze. have bIjA bhakatoe jyAMthI banyuM tyAMthI, temanAM bhasma Adi varganI tapAsa laie. temAMnI paMdare dalIlo jena je sacavAI rakhAyuM hatuM te upADI karIne, zrImahAgraMthanI ja che. temAM naM. 10-11-12 ane 13= vIranA mukhya stUpanI AsapAsa, jyAM ane jevI maLI 4 purAvA "prAcIna tIrthamALAnA" che; tenI jagyAnI anukULatA sAMpaDI, tyAM ane te pramANamAM bhASA ja kahI Ape che ke te bAkI rahetA 11 nAnA moTA pitApitAnA sAmarthya pramANe stUpo purAvA jevA prAcIna zAstragraMthanA nathI; ane Azcarya ubhA karAvI te smaraNa sAcavI mUkyAM. AvA samagra jevuM e che ke, A upara temaNe meTo madAra bAMdhyo saMcaya-samuhane te uparathI saMcIpurI nAma apAyuM hoya. che. chatAM 11 purAvAmAMthI ekamAM paNa, pAvApurInA A gAmane pAchaLathI upara jaNAvyA pramANe kadAca sthaLanI carcA karelI nathI tema koIe tenuM sthAna saMcayapura-saMcayapurI saMcIpurI kahevAyuM hoya athavA (jema AcAryajI mahArAja mAne che tema) pUrva dezamAM satyabhASI AtmAothI te jagyA vasI rahela hovAthI hovAnuM paNa jaNAvyuM nathI. pachI zA AdhAre teozrI tenuM nAma satyapura 5NuM paDayuM hoya. game te zabda hoya. pUrva dezamAM hovAnuM makkamatApUrvaka jaNAvI rahyA che ? te samaye kAMI vartamAnanA jevA vyAkaraNanA niyama ulaTuM naM. 15 ane naM. 19nA purAvAmAM te maji. ghaDAyo nahIM hoya eTale jagaciMtAmaNInI prAkRtagAthAmAM (19) bhUyiSTAzcarya bhUmizvarama jinavara stUpa ramya svarupA- apApA karUpa

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330 ] uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna je nagarane 'saccaurimaMDaNu' zabda karIne nirdezyuM mAnyatAvALA nagarane tapAsI jue che. eTale svAche te A sthAna che. balke, izAna khUNe (vidizAmAM)bhAvika che ke te baMne baMdhakhesatA na ja Ave. have hAvAthI ane te bhAgamAM dhanavAna viSThA rahetA samajAze ke pR. 329 upara je huM kahI gayA chuM ke temaNe hatA tethI "pUrva dizi pAvApurI, rUddhe bharIre, mukti-kahelAM sa` kathanA tarapha upekSAvRtti dharAvavI rahe che gayA mahAvIra tIratha te namuMre ema samayasuMdara te keTaluM vAjakhI che. paraMtu temaNe darzAvelA sAcAra kavie kaDImAM gU thI batAvyuM che. uparAMta pUrva saMbaMdhI daza avataraNAmAMthI bhale mahAvIranA nirvANu dizivALuM pa--vidizAmAM hAvAthI, vidizAnagarI saMbaMdhI kAMI ja prApta thatuM nathI, chatAM naM. 8 vALI nAmathI ja pAchaLathI prakhyAtimAM AvyuM che ane rUSabhapaMcAzikA pU. 16 nI TAMkelI e kaDIthI eTaluM ApaNe jANIe chIe ke te bhissAnuM khIjAM nAma spaSTa thAya che, ke te nagare zrImanmahAvIranuM caitya vidizA paNa che. A uparathI History of fine zAlI rahyuM che. matalaba ke A sAcAranagara zrI Arts in India and Ceylon by V. smith mahAvIranuM eka tIrthadhAma teA che ja paraMtu zrImahA1911, pp. 14. 'The huge mass of solid vIranI kalyANaka bhUmi tA te nathI ja. brick masonary known as the Great Stupa of Sanchi may be his (Asoka= Priyadarsin)=hisTarI epha phAina ArTasa ina InDiyA enDa sIleAna, I. 1911, pR. 14mAM tenA kartA vinseTa smithane lakhavuM paDayuM che ke "IMTAne je gaMjAvara ane nakkara caNela guMbaja sAMcInA meTA stUpa tarIke jANItA thayA che te azAka (jene huve ApaNe priyadarzina TharAvIe chIe te)neA haze.'; (jIe prA. bhA. pu. 2, pR 370-ra tathA tenI TIkA). prazna (5):--cAravADa e ja zauripura ke ? A vize paNa AcAryajI mahArAje lagabhaga paMdara pRSTo rAyAM che te-22-avataraNA ApyAM che. temanuM kahevuM e che ke, zauripuranI sthApanA zauri rAjAe karI che te tenuM sthAna yukta prAMtamAM AgrA najIka zikAhAbAdathI khAra cauda mAIlanA aMtare A sAMcInA stUpA jainadharmanA che ane temAMnA mukhya sAMcI stUpa naM. 117 (Sanchi Tope No. 1) zrImahAvIranA zarIrane agnidAha devAyA te sthAna upara ubhA karAyalA che te sarva hakIkata uparamAM pR. 309 thI 312mAM puravAra karI devAi che. hajIye mArI mAnyatA e che ke, "jayau vIra sacca rimaMDa"mAM je ' saccari'zabda che te A saccapurI-satyapurI ke saMcIpurI ne AzrayIne ja vaparAyala che. jyAre vamAnakALe sAcAranagara je mAravADamAM Avela che tene saccaura tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. AcAryazrI paNu teja mAnyatAnA AdhAre, kema jANe huM paNu temanA matavALA hAu tema, mArI (17) A stupanuM pramANa paNu, bhAradbhuta stUpanA jeva uN ja lagabhaga che. eTale ke lagabhaga 80 phuTa uMcu ane 150 che. te A hakIkata mAre amAnya nathI; temaNe prA. bhA. 1. pR. 50 mAMthI mArUM je avataraNa utAryuM che ja vAkaye ane te ja pramANe mArA mata paNa uccArAyA che tathA te gaNatrIe ja " je samudravijayanA vakhatamAM yAdA mathurA cheDI kAThiyAvADamAM AvyA." AvA zabdo meM lakhyA che, je temaNe svIkAryAM paNa che te teno teAMdha paNa lIdhI che. matalaba ke te zaiAripurane anulakSIne me cAravADanA uccAra karyAM nathI tema te zauripuranI sthApanAnI carcA paNa karI nathI. parantu uparanA zabdomAM je jaNAvAyuM che ke 'kAThiyAvADamAM AvyA' te sthitine anurUpa thatI sthiti batAvatA ja, coravADa-auripura ema kahevAnA Azaya che. atyAre jema iMglAMDanA yA, kembrIja Adi zaheranA vatanIe amerikAmAM jai tyAM navAM vasAhato vasAvIne peAtAnAM mULa vatananAM kuTa paheALuM [A pustakanA aMte citra jue..

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uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] nAme temane oLakhAvI rahyAM che, tema samudra vijayA die kAThiyAvADamAM AvI navuM zaiAripura vasAvyuM, je kALakrame cAravADa nAme prakhyAtIne pAmyuM hatuM ema kahevAne| mAre| Azaya che. ane tethI ja samudravijaya kuLadIpaka zrInemikumAranA jIvanapravAha, tyAM vyatIta thaI rahyo hatA tathA temanuM dIkSAkSetra je giranAravALA pradezamAM gaNAvAyuM che, te paNa tene ja AbhArI che. prazna (6):----rAjA prasenajIta ane pradezI rAjA- pahelAM ApaNe temaNe raju karelAM maMtavyanI tapAsa karI laie. temaNe A vize pR. 161thI 183 sudhI lagabhaga 23 pRSTha| bharyA che ane temAM prAcIna arvAcIna, jaina, ajaina maLI 54 pramANeA avataraNarUpe ApyAM che. peAtAnA maMtavyane sAra pR. 166 upara ApyA cheH (1) krAzalapatirAjA prasenajIta, rAjadhAnI sAvathI ane kaiyAdhipati rAjA pradezI, rAjadhAnI seyatrIya (ra) prasenajItanuM prAkRtarUpa pasenaMda thAya che ane pradezAnuM prAkRtarUpa padesI yA paesI thAya che. temanAM maMtavyane prathama bhAga tapAsIe: temaNe rAjA prasenajItane kAzalapati kahyA che ane te vizeSanAma lekhatA hAya ema sarvatra jaNAvyuM che. jyAre naM. 1panA avataraNanA (pR. 171) zabdo kahe che ke " ajAtazatrunI mAphaka prasenajIta paNa mAnavAcaka nAma athavA teA pada-TAiTala che, je kaiAzalapatie dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. jainAe uvAsagadasAe sUtramAM aparanAma tarIke vAparelA ' jItazatru ' (vijetA= conqueror) zabda tenA vAstavika arthane bilakula spaSTa rIte raju kare che" eTale ke (1) prasenajIta te mAtra mAnavAcaka pada che jethI te nAma anekane lAgI zake (2) kaiAzalati jItazatrune (vijetA= conquerornA) guNahita varNavI, jainasUtrAmAM je nAmathI saMkheAkhyA che tenI vAstavikatA siddha thayelI che ema potAnA abhiprAya jaNAvyA che. TUMkamAM jItazatru rAjAne mahAbaLavAna gaNAvyA cheH naM. 14nA avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, jItazatru kuNAladezanI sAvathInagarInA rAjA hatA...rAjA jitazatru payesI rAjAneA AjJAdhArI khaMDiyA rAjA hatA eTale ahIM 66 [ 331 dra ema batAvAyuM ke payesI (kaikeyapati) moTA hatA ane prasenajIta-jItazatru nAneA hateA...vaLI naM. 49nA avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, setathyanagara kapilavastu zrAvastIne joDanAra mATA rastA uparanA vihAra-sthaLa tarIke ja mAtra mahatvanuM na hatuM, paraMtu kaiAzalanuM eka mahatvanuM zahera paNa hatuM, jyAM pAyAsI (jaina pAyesI) nAmanA rAyala ciknA Azyila heDakvArTasa hatA-- AmAM setavya (seyavIya-rAjA cesInI rAjadhAnI)ne kAzaladezamAM havAnuM jaNAvyuM che, ke je kAzalanA adhipati tarIke prasenajIta-jItazatru hAvAnuM pate mAne che. eTale A avataraNamAM pacesI mATeA ke prasenajIta mATe te vicAravA jevuM thaI paDayuM. prathama te "rAyala cikranA ephizyala heDakavArTasa'vALA vAkayamAM ja " rAyalacik'nA arthamAM gUcavADA cavA jevuM lAgyuM. kAraNake rAyala zabda poteja eka teA u McA darajjo sUcave che ane temAM vaLI sAthe sAthe cik zabda joDAyela hAvAthI, ekadama vizeSa mahattvanI padavIdhAraka te vyakti hAvI joIe evuM anumAna thayuM. vaLI uparanA naM. 14mA avataraNamAM rAjA prasenajItane rAjA yesIneA khaMDiyA heAvAnuM jaNAvyuM che. eTale rAjA payesInA darajajA vize dereluM mArUM badhuM anumAna sAcuM che evI kalpanA thai. parantu tenA mULa lakhANamAM "The official head-quarters of a royal chieftain named Payasi (Jain Paesi) jevA zabda joyA ke tarata vicAra pheravavA paDayA. tene tA chieftain=eka nAnA pradezanA mAlika ja hAya ema jaNAvAyuM che, kAM chieftain zabda ane kayAM cik zabda ? parantu pR. 168mAM TAMkela na. 10nA avataraNamAM In Kosala, king Mahakosala had been succeeded by his son Pasenadi or Prasenajit jevA aMgrejI lakhANanA artha jyAM, rAjA mahAkAzala peAtAnA putra pasenadi kaeN prasenajIta dvArA kAzaLamAM saphaLa thayA hatA, ema karAvyeA hAya tyAM chieftain ane chiefne artha khIjI rIte karAya to bahu Azcarya pAmavA jevuM naja rahe. chevaTe "C

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332 ] ukela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna IMgrejI ke tenA anuvAdamAMthI nipajatA artha anarthanI aneka prakAranA Azaya batAvanArAM te sarve avataraNa mAthAkuTamAM na utaratAM, kahevAnA Azaya tarapha ja che. AvAM kathane upara keTalo madAra bAMdha te vAcaka vaLI gayo. svayaM vicArI joze. A pramANe temanA maMtavyanA * paraMtu A badhuM vivecana karI huM koIne- temano prathama bhAganI tapAsanuM pariNAma samajavuM. ke jemanAM avataraNo TakAyA che te mULa graMthakArone, mArI mAnyatA zI che ne kema baMdhAI che tenuM bemAMthI ekene)-doSa kADhatA nathI. mArI kahevAnI kAMIka prAthamika vivecana samajAvI dauM ke jethI mAruM matalaba e che ke, A graMthakAromAMne moTo bhAga, maMtavya keTale darajaje pramANika che tene khyAla AvI jemaNe pAzcAtya keLavaNInuM jJAna laI, ApaNuM prAcIna- zake. (1) (prA. bhA. 1. pR. 79) kozalanA be bhAga; bhArata vize lakhANa karyA che, eTale jemane huM uttara bhAganI rAjadhAnI zrAvasti ane dakSiNanI arvAcIna granthakAra tarIke vAraMvAra saMbodhuM chuM, te rAjadhAnI ayodhyA. te samayanA rAjavInuM nAma prarsakeTIne che; jethI temano abhiprAya taddana pramANika chata. A uparathI samajI zakAze ke prasenajItane hovA chatAM,-khAsa karIne prAcIna bAbatamAM, ane kozalapati paNa kahevAya tema tenI rAjadhAnI zrAvasti temAM paNa jyAM sarva vastu kevaLa aMdhArAmAM ja paDI paNa kahevAya. (2) A prasenajItane kAzadezanA rAjA rahI che te viSayamAM, bahu vajanadAra gaNavAne badale sAthe ghaNI vakhata laDavuM paDayuM che. A pramANe kyAre eka bAju rAkhI mUkavA mAMguM chuM. banI zake ke, tenA rAjyanI ane kAzIpatinI hada vaLI naM. 50 nA avataraNamAM lakhela che ke, banne aDoaDa AvI rahelI hoya te ja. eTale samajI "kumAra kansapa (kAzya5) ekavAra ghaNuM bhikSao zakAze ke, naM. 1mAM jene dakSiNabhAga kahyo che tenA sAthe saMtavya gayA. payAsI saMtavyanA rAjA hatA. upara tenuM Adhipatya hoya te ja, jethI te pradezane kezalanA rAjA 5sanadIe Apela puSkaLa dravyanA rAjA gaNIne tene ayodhyApati meM kahyuM. A uparathI temaNe upabhega karyo hato. teo nAstika hatA." spaSTa thaze ke tenI rAjadhAnI jema sAvathI che tema eTale ke ahIM pesenadIne kozalapati kahyA che ne ayodhyA paNa kahI zakAya. (3) A prasenajIta prathama vaLI pasIne khaMDiyo rAjA paNa jaNAvyo che tathA bauddha hato te jeTaluM cokkasa che, teTaluM ja te pAchaLathI kumAra kAzyapa (buddha)thI nAstika dharmane arthAta jena thayo te paNa ekkasa che ja. vaLI A vAtane jena jaNAve che. A pramANe TAMkela avataraNomAM zilAlekhanA ane smArakanA purAvAthI (pustakanA bane bhUpatinA adhikAra saMbaMdhI paraspara virUddha purAvA karatAM A purAvo vadhAre majabUta gaNuya ja) janArI mAhitI bharelI che. samarthana maLI gayuM; kemake bhArahuta stUpa jainadharmanA uparAMta cepana jeTalAM avataraNamAMnAM keTalAMka dyotaka rUpa che (pR 313-15) ane temAM rAjA ajAtate (jevAM ke, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31 I.) kevaLa zatru ane rAjA prasenajItanA staMbha che (prA. bhA. pR. 75 pasenadinuM nAma ja sUcavanArAM che, paraMtu tene kezala TI. 13); bIjI bAju jainagraMthomAM rAjA pradezI sAthe zuM saMbaMdha che te temAM kayAMya jaNAtuM paNa nathI. prathama janetara hatA ane tene bauddhagraMthomAM nAstika jyAre koIkamAM bibisAra, prasenajIta ane udayana tarIke saMbodhyo che. eTale siddha thAya che ke, rAjA ema traNene buddhadevanA samakAlina lekhAvI mahAyuddha pradezI dharmAMtara karI jena banyA, te pUrve bauddha hato. pachInI bAvIsamI, trevIsamI ane covIsamI peDhIe A pramANe prasenajIta ane pradezI banenA jIvanathayAnuM jaNAvyuM che. kema jANe A traNe eka ja banAve maLatA AvyA (4) bannenAM sattAsthAna, vaMzanA ane eka ja pradezanA rAjA hovA uparAMta kozala-ayodhyAnA pradezamAM che. paraMtu ko mATe ane eka pachI eka gAdIe AvyA na hoya! A pramANe ko nAno te vize prAcIna graMthakAranAM varNana uparathI

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ 333 anumAna bAMdhavuM kaThaNa thaI paDe che (pR. 331, cAra kaliMganI aMtargata thayela gaNI tenA upara karakuMDanI avataraNonI samIkSA jIe) kemake jene eka vakhata sattA hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. A be kathanamAM phera che ke nAne jaNAve che tene bIjA sthaLe vaLI meTe kema te tapAsIe; nakaze tapAsatAM temanA maMtavyavALo mahArAjAdhirAja paNa jaNAvI de che, eTale te muddo A pradeza, vartamAna kALe pazcima baMgAla ane bihAranI. te bahu vicAraNIya nahote. vaLI te bannene samaya sarahada upara Ave che. prAcIna samaye A pradeza paNa eka ja nIkaLyo. matalaba ke, te bannenAM sthAna upara keTalIka vakhata magadhanI sattA, temaja keTalIka ane samaya paNa eka ja TharyA (5) temAM vaLI nAmano vakhata kaliMganI sattA paNa AvI jatI. keTalIka sAmyatA bhaLI. prasenajIta vizeSa nAma gaNAya che tema vakhata te pradezane prajAvasAhatanI gaNatrIe uDissAmAM hadAsUcaka paNa gaNAya che. eTale prA. bhA. pR. 79. gaNatA, jyAre rAjakIya dRSTie vaLI trikaliganITI. naM. 22 mAM zera mAryo che ke-"pradezI, pasAdi aMtargata samAveza paNa karI devAtA. A pramANe ane prasenajIta A traNa nAmo eka hoI zake ke avAranavAra tenI upara rAjakartAnI sattA jholAM khAyo bhASAzAstrIono viSaya che. teo maherabAnI karatI hatI. A sarva hakIkata aMga-cedi-kaliMga ane karI A muddA upara prakAza pADaze" eTale je mAruM trikaliMganuM varNana karatAM ame sArI rIte chaNI anumAna khoTuM hoya to sudhAravAnuM sthAna rahe che. batAvI che. matalaba ke te samayanI vabhUmivALA ane te hetuthI te hakIkata TIkAmAM dAkhala karI che. pradezane vartamAna pazcima baMgALamAM kahI zakAya kharo, jyAre mArA pitAne mata baMdhAyA hatA te textmAM paraMtu je samayane-karakuMDu kaliMgapatine-ApaNe vicAra jAhera karyo che. karI rahyA chIe te samaye, vAstavika rIte te kaliMganI uparanA saMyogo sAthe pU. AcAryajI mahArAje ANAmAM ja hato. eTale ke bannenI mAnyatA eka ja jaNAvelI hakIkata sarakhAvI javAthI vAcaka pote ja kahevAze. vaLI tyAM urIya bhASA bolatI prajA vasatI khAtrI karI leze ke koNa keTale darajaje vAjabI che. hatI. A prajA saMskRtinI daSTie pADozIo karatAM prazna (7):-vajIbhUminuM sthAna. A saMbaMdhamAM utaratI gaNAtI eTale vyutpattinA artha pramANe tenuM. temaNe daza pRSTha bharyAM che tathA 11 pramANe TAMkIne nAma vajabhUmi sArthaka che ema meM jaNAvyuM. A carcA karI che. jo ke temAMnA keTalAye zabdo tenA pramANe vastusthiti che. have tapAsIe ke temanI vidvAnoe anamAnathI joDI kADhelA dekhAya che. paraMtu TIkAno zeSa bhAga keTale darajaje vAjabI che. te vidvAno prasiddha thaI gayA che, eTale temane anumAna (a) mArA zabdo A pramANe che (prA. bhA. daravAne hakka gaNAya ema AcAryajI mahArAjanuM pu. 1. pR. 165, TI. 44) "zrImahAvIre dIkSA lIdhA mAnavuM thatuM lAge che. khera ! te prazna sAthe mAre atra pachI navamuM comAsuM vajabhUmimAM karyuM hatuM ane te saMbaMdha nathI eTale temaNe karela carcAno khulAsA samaye je rAjA rAja karatA hatA te zrI mahAvIranA ApavA tarapha vaLuM chuM. pitA siddhArthane mitra thatA hatA." A saMbaMdhamAM A vajabhUminA varNanane prasaMga, zrI mahAvIre jaina sAhitya saMzodhakanA vidvAna taMtrI muni jinadIkSA lIdhA pachI navamuM comAsuM kyAM karyuM, ane tene vijayajInA zabdo pu. 3, pR. 37ramAM nIce pramANe kaliMgapati mahArAjA meghavAhana karakuMDanA pradeza sAthe che "jaina sutromAM lakhyuM che ke bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra keTalo saMbaMdha hoI zake, tene aMge ubho thayo che. pite uDIAmAM gayA hatA ane tyAM tenA pitAnA temanA maMtavyano sAra e che ke, pazcima baMgALanA eka mitra rAjya karatA hatA" A uparathI samajI murzidAbAda chalAvALA ke tenI AsapAsanA bhAgane zakAze ke je. sA. saMzodhake paNa kaliMga-uDiA vajabhUmi tarIke oLakhI zakAya. jyAre meM te pradeza tarIke mArA kathanane samarthana ja ApyuM che. jyAre

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334 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna AcAryajIe mArA kathanamAMthI zrI mahAvIre dIkSA lIdhI AcAryajI te mAnyatA mArI hovAnuM TharAvIne TIkA pachI navamuM comAsuM vajIbhUmimAM karyuM hatuM-ATale karavA maMDI paDavA che. bhAga rAkhI, "te rAjA mahAvIranA pitAno mitra thata A traNe khulAsAthI joI zakAze ke temanI ane hato" vALA uttarArdha mUkI daI vAcakanI pAse dharyo mArI vaccenI mAnyatAmAM matabheda che ja nahIM. paraMtu che (juo pR. 186). paraMtu AkhuM vAka utAryuM hota AkhI vAkyane vicAra karavAne badale aDadho bhAga to barAbara sthiti samajAI jAta. choDI devAthI (f)mAM jaNAvyA pramANe, AgaLa pAchaLa (A) vaLI prA. bhA. pu. 1, pR. 166, TI. 44 saMbaMdha vAMcyA ke vicAryA vinA kevaLa eka vAkya mAMnI 60-55 lITImAMnuM kevaLa eka vAkaye temaNe pakaDI levAthI (mA) mAM jaNAvyA pramANe; tathA anya A pramANe mArA zabdonuM utAryuM che, "mArI mati vidvAnanuM maMtavya raju karI te upara huM TIkA karatA anusAra te anArya nahIM paNa vaja, eTale sakhta ke hAu tene paNa mAruM pitAnuM ja maMtavya gaNI va, manodazA bhogavatA manuSyovALI bhUmi evo artha levAthI (3) mAM jaNAvyA pramANe; pite mAruM kahevuM karavo joIe" tene badale AkhIe TIkA naM. 44no barAbara samajI zakyA nathI. pariNAme beTI vyathA tAryo hota to ? temAM je cha paristhitine vahorI laI vAcaka pAse bhramaNAjanaka sthiti rajI lIdhe vajabhUmine kaliMgadezano bhAga mAre gaNo karI dIdhI che. AmAM mAro doSa zuM? po che tathA jemAM ja, o bI. pI. so, pR. 2, prazna (8) -udayana vatsapati ane udAyI magadhapati. bhAga 1, pR. 13ne havAle ApI te pradeza vajabhUmi eka samaye, traNa rAjavIo ekasamA nAmadhArI hovA chatAM, AryAvartamAM zA mATe lekhAtA hatA tene gAdIpati tarIke birAjatA hovA chatAM, temaNe ane vistArapUrvaka spaSTIkaraNa meM karI batAvyuM che te badhuM meM bannee temane siMdhu-sauvIrapati, vatsapati, ane ApoApa samajI javAta. A pradezane anArya gaNA- magadhapati tarIke oLakhAvyA che eTale vAMdhA jevuM rahetuM vyo che evI tathA anya khoTI bhramaNAmAM (vizeSa mATe nathI. nAmanI mArAmArImAM teo utAravA mAMge che, nIcenI 6 juo) vAcakane nAMkhavAnI AvazyaktA mAre tevI IcchA nathI. keIne kAme lagADo ke keAIpaNuM na raheta. mAMthI ocho karo, paNa jyAM sudhI temAMthI keAInA () majakara TIkA naM. 44nI cha paristhitimAMnI adhikAra sUtrane AMca pahoMcatI nathI tyAM sudhI cethInuM vivecana karatAM meM zabdo lakhyA che ke "A bhAMjagaDamAM utaravAnI jarUra jaNAtI nathI. vajIbhUmine artha joke keTalAka graMthakAroe anArya paraMtu je be vAMdhA che temAMne eka, vatsapati deza tarIke karI batAvyo che, paNa mArI mati ana- ane magadhapatinA vArasadAra saMbaMdhIne ane bIje, anusAra te anAya nahIM paNa vaja. eTale sakhta ke kAnuM khUna thayuM che tene. prathamanA vAMdhA bAbatamAM ' vakra, mane dazA bhogavatA manuSyavALI bhUmi e artha temanuM kahevuM e che ke magadhapati aputriyo ja hato karavo joIe. "A uparathI spaSTa thaze ke, te bhUmine ne aputriyo ja maraNa pAmyo che. mAruM ema kahevuM meM anArya kahI ja nathI, paraMtu keTalAka graMthakAra e che ke tene be putro hatA paNa te banne tenI haiyAtimAM ja, tene anArya kahI che; ane tema karavAnAM kAramAM tenA babbe banne putro mahAmArImAM maraNa pAmatAM, tenA khulAsA tarIke peTA TIkAmAM jaNAvyuM che ke "anArya AghAtathI pitA paNa taratamAM ja maraNa pAmyo che deza gaNIne zrAvastinI uttare himAlayanA pahADI- eTale ke traNe jaNa ekadama TUMkA gALAmAM ja maraNuM dezane vajIbhUmi kahevAto hoya evI kalpanA karI che" pAmyA che. AvI avasthAmAM tene aputriyo maraNa matalaba ke himAlayanA pahADI pradezane vajIbhUmi pAmyAnuM kadAca kahI zakAze. eTale magadhapatinA maraNa gaNavAnI paNa vidvAnI mAnyatA che, jyAre vakhate tene koI vArasadAra nahoto eTaluM banene

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo - 33pa kabUla che, jethI moTAbhAgane vireAdha te samAI jAya che. heya evo kayAM niyama che. I. I. to pUchavAnuM ke A paraMtu temanI hamezanI Teva mujaba mArA pustakamAMne zabda baharAne zuM anyAya karatA nathI lAgatA ? thoDoka bhAga vAMcIne pite carcAmAM utarI paDathI lAge che. mAruM ema nathI kahevuM ke bauddhagranthanuM sarva kathana kemake prA. bhA. 1 mAM 318-9mAM "vadhu prakAza"= hamezAM satya ja hoya che; temAM ardhamizrita satya Supplement tarIke varNana joDeluM che temAM A paNa hoya, sApekSa paNa hoya, paraMtu te sarva tapAsavuM badho sphoTa karI batAvyo che. A pRSTa temanI joIe. ema to, temaNe je granthanAM vacana mAnya Adata pramANe kAM temaNe vAMcyA ja nathI athavA rAkhela che temAMthI paNa kayAM asatya kathane nathI maLI te te vAMcyA chatAM paNa AMkha mIMcAmaNuM karyA che. AvatAM. rAjA udAyIne putro hatA ke nahotA e prazna game te sthiti hoya. mAre te te tarapha durlakSa ja upara vadhAre prakAza pADI, baiddhagranthanuM kathane asatya karavuM rahe che. TharAvavA temane mArI vinaMti che; ke je uparathI te magadhapatine aputri mAnavAthI upara pramANe pramANe navI AvRttimAM huM sudhAro karI zakuM. eka rIte carcA baMdha te thaI ja che. paraMtu tethI sthiti vasati udayanane putra hovAnuM temaNe jaNAvyuM e thaI ke, temaNe mAnya rAkhela ekalA udAyIne jeTaluM che jyAre meM aputri jAhera karyo che kemake tene rAjatvakALa che teTale, udAyI+anurUddha ane muMdane pitAne putra na hovAthI, tenI rANI vAsavadattAe eka traNene maLIne ekatra samaya, mAre mAnya che (jo ke bALakane dattaka lIdhe che, je tenI pAchaLa vatsapati temaNe A AMkanI carcA karI nathI) eTale pariNAme thaye che. vaLI A putranuM dattakavidhAna udayananA jIvana udAyInuM maraNa thatAM, zizunAgavaMza pUre thayAnuM ane kALamAM ja thaI gayuM che ane dattakaputrane paNa ekarIte mAnya kahI zakAze. paraMtu temaNe je AdhAre udAyIne te putra ja lekho rahe che te hisAbe, mAro vAMdhe aputriyo hovAnA jaNAvyA che temAM evuM spaSTa kemAM kheMcI levAya te banI jAya che. tevI ja rIte temaNe nathI karyuM ke tene prathamathI putra ja nahatA. jyAre meM vAsavadattAne bAdhikumAra nAme je putra, lagna thayA bauddhagranthonA AdhAra laIne tathA anya AnuSaMgika bAda bIje varSe jamyAnuM jaNAvyuM che te ja putra aitihAsika prasaMgonI carcA karIne, udAyI + banne moTo thaIne gAdIe Avyo che ke kema? athavA tenA putrano sattAkALa sAbita karI batAvI Apo temaNe anya purAvAmAM je naravAhana, vahinara I. I. che. eTale daraje bauddhagranthamAM darzAvAyalI te mAhitI nAmo jaNAvyAM che, te bAdhikumAranAM ja nAma che, ke meM ItihAsanA sarjanane vizeSa upakAraka nIvaDelI thaI jaNAvela dattakaputranuM paNa nAma che, te jyAM sudhI teozrI gaNAya ja. chatAM AgaLa pAchaLa zuM zuM banAvo magadhamAM puravAra na karI Ape tyAM sudhI temanA kathananI paNa ke vatsadezamAM ke sArA hiMdamAM banyA hatA tathA jenI majabUtAI jaLavAI rahetI nathI. ane kayA udayananuM noMdhe laIne kAMIka carcA paNa meM karI che, temAMnA keInI khUna thayuM hatuM te praznanuM chevaTa, A kathane upara ja, leza paNa tapAsamAM utaryA sivAya temaNe ema ja avalaMbAyamAna che. jAhera karI dIdhuM che ke bauddhagranthanI sAlavArI dUSita khUna saMbaMdhamAM-pustakane AdhAra magadhapatinuM che; amuka rAjA pachI gAdIe AvanAra tenA putra ja khUna thayAnI tarapheNa kare che. tenI ma nAMdha 5NuM lIdhI (18) jo ke, ola iDiyA AThamI orIenTala konpharansanA thayA bAda bIje varSe vAsavadattAne eka kuMvarI avatarI hatI." riporTamAM (1938, pR. 486) putrI janmAnuM lakhyuM che. te putra hoya ke putrI, tenI ahIM takarAra ja kyAM che. je zabda A pramANe che "A princess was born to prazna ukela mAMge che te eTalo ja ke, tenA maraNa samaye vasavdatta, a year after the marriage=lagna keAI jIvaMta hatuM ke nahIM.

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336 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ prAcIna che. teozrI A matane vaLagI rahe che. paraMtu pustakanA kAraNathI mAnavuM rahe che ke, khUnathI mAryo gayela purAvAvALI te hakIkata najaramAM rAkhIne paNa vicArI udayana te magadhapati nahIM, paNa vatsapati udayana ja hata" jotAM mane, jyAre anya aitihAsika sAmagrI vizeSa zAM kAraNathI udayana vatsapatinuM khUna thayAnuM huM vajanadAra lAgI, tyAre huM te bAju DhaLate thaye chuM. mAnI rahyo chuM te A uparathI spaSTa thaze. vaLI sAmagrI upalabdha thatAM, ubhA thatA vAMdhAo meM TAMkela zabdo kahe che ke, caMDapradyota ane udayananA rajI paNa karyA che, temAMnA ghaNuMkharAne nIkAla uparamAM jIvanaprasaMgo upara najara rAkhIne ja meM vidhAna karyuM AvI gayo che. bAkI rahelamAMnA AkhA vAkayane, che. paraMtu te bAda te banne rAjya vacce pAchI aDadho bhAga pakaDIne je radiyo Apyo che te te meM mitrAcArI jevuM paNa thaI thayuM che ane tethI vairapaNa jAhera karela che. paraMtu je aDadho bhAga choDI vRttino abhAva paNa thaI gayo gaNAya. chatAM evI ghaNI dIdhuM che tenuM zuM? bAbate pustakanAM pAne noMdhAyA vinA ja paDI rahI temaNe game te kAraNathI javAba vALavAnuM choDI hoya che. temaja rAjyo vacce kharI rIte "maitrI' zabdanI dIdhuM hoya paNa satya nirIkSaka tarIke ApaNe te, kiMmata kevI gaNAya che te paNa jANItuM ja che. eTale temanA khulAsAnI gerahAjarImAM paNa, te muddo majabUta purAvA vinA huM mAro mata pheravavA taiyAra na vicAro ja rahe che. te muddAnA zabdo (juo pu. 1, hou te dekhItuM ja che. ane AcArya mahArAje te pR. 307) A pramANe che. bAbata mULathI ja uDAvI dIdhI che. te pachI zuM "jyAre te (pele apamAnIta purUSa ke jeNe rAjAnuM karavuM? vicAratAM eka rasto jaDI Avyo. jema khUna karyuM che te) vaira levAnuM pagaluM bharavA prerAya che azoka ane priyadarzina, temaja caMdragupta ane seane avaMtirA te bhAvanAne poSI che, tyAre zuM kaTasanI bAbatamAM samayAvalInI madadathI gUMca avaMti rAjyane, vatsanA rAjyanI sAthe aMTasa havA ukelAI hatI, tema atra bane tevuM che ke kema tenI saMbhava che ke magadhanA rAjya sAthe ?" A pramANe tapAsa karavA mAMDI; ne kahetAM khuzI upaje che ke tene meM prazna upasthita karyo che ne tene khulAso karatAM ukela nIkaLI Avyo che ane temAM AcAryazrInA umeryuM che ke, " jayAM sudhI itihAsa sAkSI Ape che matane svIkArate huM thAuM chuM. te nIce pramANe che. tyAM sudhI te A samaye magadha ane avaMti vacce caMDapradyota ane udayananA jIvana kALamAM game bhale maitrI jevuM na hoya, paNa kaleza jevuM kAMI hoya, tevA banAvo banyA hoya te upara ja kevaLa lakSa ApyA tevuM to lezamAtra paNa jaNAtuM nathI. ulaTuM avaMti karyuM che tene badale khUna je banyuM che te te, ane vatsa vacce te khaDAbAkhaDuM cAlyA ja karatuM aMtakALano banAva che eTale te vakhate, te be rAjyo hatuM te tadana dekhItuM che. kemake udayananI mAtA vacce kevI sthiti pravartatI rahI hatI te ja mAtra jevuM mRgAvatI upara avaMtipati caMDapradyote kaDI najara joIe. udayana vatsapatinuM maraNa meM I. sa. pU. rAkhI hatI ane aneka vItake vItADayAM hatAM, ke 490 mAM mAnyuM che (pu. 1, pR. 392) te vakhate athavA jenA pratikAra tarIke rAjA udayane paNa caMDanI putrI te pUrve be pAMca varSamAM avaMtinI zuM sthiti hatI te vAsavadattAnuM haraNa karyuM hatuM. eTale jyAre kicita ja kevaLa vicAravI rahe. te vakhatanA avaMtipati tarIke paNu kAraNuM maLI AvatuM tyAre A be rAjyamAMnuM avaMtisenane (pu. 1. pR. 393) samaya I. sa. pU. koI paNa eka bIjAnI sAme pitAnuM baLa ajamA- 501thI 487 no che; ane A be rAjavI vacce vavAne bhUlI jAya tevuM banatuM nahotuM ja. jethI saMbhava kAMI ja aNabanAva nathI. balake vatsapatinI paTarANuM che ke A kissAmAM paNa, vatsanA darabAramAM apamAna vAsavadattA, avaMtisenanI phaI thatI hatI ane eka pAmelA nokare avaMtine Azraya lIdho hoya... A bIjA arasaparasa sAre ekhalAsa dharAvatA mAlama

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ 337 paDayA che eTale te kAraNa naSTa thaI gayuM. bIjuM bhilsA TopsanA AdhAre meM jAhera karyuM che. jyAre eka kAraNa vicAravA yogya lAgyuM te (pu. 1, pR. 216) AcAryajIe, guptavaMzIya caMdragupta bIjAnA vakhatamAM e ke vAsavadattAe avaMtisenane badale keI ajANyA tenA anuchavI AmrakAIve eka dipaka pragaTAvavA 25 kumArane dattakaputra lIdho hato. tenA karatAM vatsanI thI 100 bhinna bhinna ukela karAya che) dinAra gAdI upara, teNInA bhAInA putra tarIke potAne ApyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. ATalI hakIkata uparaTapake haka vadhAre che ema avaMtisena mAnatA hatA ane jotAM paNa sarva keAI kahI zake tema che ke, banne tethI teNe vatsa upara caDAI karI hoya. A dAnanI vigata judI hovAthI, judA ja prasaMganI vAta sthati khUnanA prasaMga sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvI zake ke kema bane jaNAe kahI che. chatAM vAcaka pAse tenI saMpUrNa te paNa tapAsI levuM ja rahe. prathama to A caDAI vigata raju karuM chuM-(1) sAMcI Topa, jene "mahAvihAra udayananA maraNa bAdanI ane dattakaputra maNiprabha nAmathI AmrakAIve oLakhAvyo che tene mArI samaja gAdIe beThA pachI traNeka varSe thaI che eTale khUna pramANe sara kanigahAme "greITa Topa" naM. 1 kahyo che, sAthe saMbaMdha hoI na zake. tyAre prazna e thAya che tene dAna ApanAra vyaktionAM ane Azaya darzAke, udayane A maNiprabhane dattaka lIdho tyAre vatAM lagabhaga 123 lekho che (juo bhisATopsamAM avaMtisenane khoTuM lAgyuM hoya ane tyArathI tenA upara pleiTasa na. 16-17 ane 18) eTale AcAryajIe vaira thayuM hoya te? tema paNa banavA lagya nathI ke anya dAnane lakSamAM rAkhIne prazna upasthita karyo lAgatuM. kAraNa ke maNiprabhano janma I. sa. pU.Azare lAge che. (2) AmrakA pitAnI zakti pramANe 505 mAM thayo che ne ekAda be varSamAM dattaka paNa levAI eka dIpakanuM ja kharca upADavA jeTalI bhakti batAvI gayo che, ke je samaye avaMtisenane hakka avaMtinI che jyAre samrATa caMdragupta stUpa pharatI khIe gAdI upara lagabhaga svIkArAI paNa gayo hato. kemake gavAkSamAM seMkaDo dIpaka hatA te sarvenuM kharca upADI avaMtisenanA kAkAnA rAjyane lagabhaga AkharI samaya lIdhuM che (3) jethI eke mAtra 25-50 dinAra dAnamAM hato; vaLI kAkAne putra na hovAthI te ja vArasadAra hato. ApyA che jyAre bIjAe tenA karatAM pAMcaso ghaNuM eTale jyAre pote avaMti jevA moTA rAjyano svAmI vadhAre dAna ApyuM che. (4) ekano samaya gupta saM. banavAna hoya, tyAre vatsa jevA nAnA rAjyano 93=I. sa. 43 che jyAre bIjAne I. sa. pU. 365 svAmI banavAnuM pasaMda na kare te dekhItuM ja che. eTale jeTaluM che. matalaba ke banne vacce lagabhaga AThaso tene kheTuM lAgavAno prasaMga banyo ja na kahevAya. varSanuM aMtara che (5) ekanA lekhanuM sthAne kaMpAunDane A pramANe dareka prasaMgane vicAra karatAM avaMti ane pharatI dIvAla upara che, bIjAnuM sthAna te dIvAla upara vatsa vacce I. sa. pU. 490mAM ke te pUrve, be traNa nathI. (6) ekamAM dAna ApanAra guptavaMzIya samrATane varSanA gALAmAM, kAMI jhagaDo havA jevuM lAgatuM nathI. Azrita che bIjAmAM khuda samrATa paDe che. A pramANe eTale vatsapatinuM khUna thayAnuM mAnyuM hatuM te choDI bane dAnanI ane lekhanI bhinnatA hovA chatAM. devuM ja rahyuM. ane vatsapatinuM khUna jyAre nathI thayuM banene eka lekhI vAto karavI te zI rIte maLatI tyAre magadhapatinuM ja khUna thayuM hatuM ema ekkasa Ave; na ja Ave. thayuM gaNAya. chatAM carcA khAtara eka bAragI mAnI lyo ke, banne prazna 9) -sAMcImAM dAna ApanAra koNa? eka ja lekha che. te paNa mULa muddo sAMcIpa' jaina caMdragupta mauryasamrATe sAMcItUpanA ghumaTanI pharatI dharmanA dyotaka rUpa hevAne je huM jaNAvI rahyo chuM gavAkSamAM aneka dIpake pragaTAvavA pacIsa hajAra ane tethI ja caMdragupta samrATe te sthAna mATe dAna dinAranI bheTa ApyAnuM. sara kaniMgahAme racelA ApyAnuM jaNAvyuM che, te hakIkatane kyAM bAda Ave che? 43

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo 338 ] guptavaMzIya samrATa jainetaradharmI hatA tethI temane anujIvI paNa jainetara hatA ema teA AcAryajInuM kahevuM nathI ne? tema hoya to jaNAvavAnuM ke, lekhanA prAraMbhanA "siddham" zabda ja khAtrI Ape che ke tedAna ApanAra temaja dAna ApyAnuM sthAna-ane jainadharmI che. A pramANe temaNe pUchela praznane khulAsA cayA. [noMdha-atra eka khIjI sthiti khAsa dhyAna kheMcavA lAyaka samajuM chuM; tethI jarAka isArA karavA icchA thai che. sArUM thayuM che ke upara darzAvela hakIkata sara kaniMgahAma jevA vidvAnanA nAmathI meM jAhera karI che. paraMtu tevA pratiSThita purUSanuM ke anya koi vidrA nanuM nAma joDAyaluM na heAta, ane kevaLa mArA nAme ja meM uparAkta abhiprAya raju karyo haiAta te| AcAryajI mahArAje je zabdomAM kAma lIdhuM che, te ja zabdo zuM temanI kalamamAMthI nIkaLyA hAta ke? prazna (10):-bAhubaLI-gAmaTezvaranI mUrti. A saMbaMdhamAM temane traNeka vAMdhA che (1) mUrtinuM puruSaliMga meM AcchAdita zAmATe karyuM ? (2) sarva koi te mUrtine bAhubaLIjInI mAne che jyAre huM tene bhadrabAhusvAmInI kahI rahyo chuM (3) ane tene samaya teozrI I. sa. nA dazamA saikAnA kahe che jyAre huM tene priyadarzina samrATa ghaDAyelI ane tethI I. sa. pU. trIjI sadInI kahuM chuM. [ prAcIna khulAsA pu. 3 nI prastAvanAmAM pR. 13 mAM Apela che ke, "gAmaTanI mUrti mULe digaMbara avasthAmAM che, te raju karavA mATe bleka banAvanArane ApatAM temaNe sUcanA karI ke, pustaka tA strIvarganA hAthamAM paNa javAnuM che teA sabhyatAnI khAtara purUSaliMganuM AcchAdana karAyato sArUM. te vicAra susaMgata lagatAM anya cinhA jemane tema rahevA dai blaoNka banAvI chApI kADhayA che. chatAM eka vidvAnane te akSamya lAgavAthI temanA upara vyaktigata me patra lakhIne temane saMtASa ApyA che." dhArA ke temaNe kalpanA karI che tevA viparyAsa karavAne ja mArA IrAdA hAta tA zuM bIjI badhI rIte te mUrtinuM svarUpa pheravI na nAMkhata ! athavA tA teja mUrti pAchI naM. 34 nI AkRti digaMbara tarIke raju karI che te pramANe raju karata ke ? temaja upara lakhyA pramANe te vidvAnane patra lakhata paNa kharA ? A uparathI jaNAze ke zuddha hetuthI ja pagaluM bharAyuM che. (2) temaNe mUrti khAhubaLAnI havAnuM jaNAvyuM che ane mATA bhAganI mAnyatA paNu temaja che. temaNe pu. 2, rR, 378mAM lakhela mArA kA utAryA che te te mUrti priyadarzine banAvyAnuM huM mAnI rahyo chuM tema paNa jANe che. tema te mUrtine caMdragupta samrATanA jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che ema paNa jANe che chatAM lakhI rahyA che ke "e mATe eka paNa purAvA temanI pAse haiyAta nathI." teozrIne vinaMti ke temaNe mArUM lakheluM A banne samrATe nuM jIvanaciratra maherabAnI karI vAMcI javuM. vaLI peAtAnI mAnyatA puravAra karavAne pR. 229 upara lakhe che ke "e mUrti upara je velA vIMTAyala che, mUrtinA DhIMcaNa sudhI rADAe ubhA che ane temAMthI sApa nIkaLatA jaNAya che e badhAne mUrti sAthe ze saMbaMdha che? bhadrabAhunI mUrti mAnatAM e badhAne koI khulAsA DeAkaTara pAse che? ' uttaramAM mAre jaNAvavAnuM ke zuM temanuM ema kahevuM thAya che ke AvI sthiti koI paNa dhyAnastha mahAtmAnI na thaI zake ? dhyAnastha mudrA kevaLa bAhubaLIjI ja dhAraNa karI zake te khIjA na ja dhArI zake ?--AgaLa jatAM A darekanA khulAsA nIce pramANe ApuM chuM. (1) AcchAdana saMbaMdhI temaNe A mUrtinuM citra 1934 nA mArcanA 'eziyA' mAsika pR. 153 mAM AveluM jaNAvyuM che. spaSTa nathI lakhyuM ke prathamavAra te sthAne pragaTa thayeluM temanI najare paDayuM che. parantu lakhavAnA bhAvArtha evA tA thAya che ja ke, kAMtA te samaye athavA bahu tA thADAka samaya pUrveja tevuM kema jANe bahAra paDayuM na hoya ! game te hAya, mAre jaNAvavAnuM ke digaMbara avasthAmAM tevuM citra tA jyArathI epigrAphIyA inDikA pu. 7-8 bahAra paDayuM che tyArathI ja tevuM lagabhaga dekhAya che. eTale temaNe darzAvela vastu mArA khyAla bahAra nathI ja chatAMye je AcchAdana karyuM che te, sahetuka che. tene

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 339 bAhubaLIjInA jIvanamAM banela eka banAva varNana maLI zakI nathI. ATale khulAso te mUrti bAhuvIne, citramAM darzAvela sthiti je thavA pAmI hatI baLIjInI ke bhadrabAhunI hoI zake te vize jANo. tenuM varNana karI ne aMte jaNAve che ke "A rIte (3) have ghaDatarakALa vize kahIzuM. cAmuMDarAya nAmanA e mUrti uparanA badhA dekhAvane sabaMdha muni bAhu- pradhAne I. sa. 978thI 84 sudhImAM pratiSThA karI che balinA jIvana sAthe barAbara baMdha bese che eTale teTaluM kharuM. paraMtu tethI te mUrti ja teNe ghaDAvI hatI e mUrti muni bAhubalinI ja che, nahIM ke bhadrabAhunI" ema siddha nathI thatuM. je te samaye ke AsapAsa -I. I. je pramANe pote AvA nirNaya upara Ave pAMcapaMdara varSe ghaDAI hoya to, pu. jemAM pR. 376mAM che te rIte bIjA akhatyAra kare che te te temane nIcenA traNa prazna meM pUchayA che tenA khulAsA zuM che te rucatuM nathI ja ane ulaTI TIkA karavA maMDI paDe che. maherabAnI karI jaNAve. (a) je te dezamAM tevA kArIgara chatAM mAre te te bAbata vAMdho ja nathI paraMtu uttaramAM hatA te zuM tyAM ja tevA utpanna thayA hatA ke hiMdamAM prathama te dhyAna avasthAnA be muddAo je meM uparamAM anya sthAne temanA gurU ke ziSya jevA paNa hatA. jaNAvyA che te pharI pharIne vicAra upara levA temane (A) je te samaye tevI kaLAthI kArIgare jJAta hatA vinaMti karIza. uparAMtamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, bAhubaLI. te bhAratanA anya dezamAM paNa tevI mUrtio ubhI jIno AkhAye jIvanakALa mArI samaja pramANe paMjAba- te karAya ne ? kemake kaLAnA A namunAnI jagatagAMdhAra ane bahu tyAre prathamAvasthAmAM ayodhyAnA bharamAM jyAre khyAtI thAya tyAre zuM bhAratanA prAMte pradezamAM game che. te teozrI jaNAvavA kRpA karaze tevI kaLAmaya mUtio pitAne tyAM vasAvI levAne ke bAhubaLIjI kayAre dakSiNahiMdamAM vicaryA hatA? pAchaLa rahI jAya kharA ke (pachI game te vyaktinI temane mUrtimaMta khaDA karavAne A pradezamAM zuM prayojana hoya te judo prazna che) (I) mUrtinuM ghaDatara ane udabhavyuM hatuM? te tIrthamAM caMdragupta ane bhadrabAhunI ghaDanArAnI vAta judI rAkho. paraMtu evI kadAvara guphA tarIke oLakhAtI guphA che paraMtu bAhubaLIjInA ane vajanadAra mUrtinI sthApanA mATe je yAMtrika nAma sAthe saMyukta thayela kaI vastu oLakhAvAtI kuneha vAparavI paDI haze, tevI kuneha te samaye kayAMyanathI tenuM zuM kAraNa? vaLI vizeSamAM hamaNAM hamaNAM hiMdanA bhAgamAM-vAparI hevAno keI dRSTAMta ke ullekha bihAranI "arAha orIenTala sosAITI' taraphathI ItihAsamAMthI maLI Ave che ke ? bahAra paDatA jena siddhAMta bhASkaramAM pu. 6 ane A pramANe temaNe ubhA karela traNe praznonA 7 tathA rena enTIkarI' pu. 5 mAM gomaTezvara-bAhu- khulAsA che. ane tenA pratyuttara je na ja vALI baLI ane zravaNabelagolane lagatuM ghaNuM sAhitya zakAya te svayaMsiddha thaI gayuM ke mArAM derela anujudA judA vidvAnoe anekavidha dRSTibiMduthI lakhyuM mAne sAcAM che. mi. rAIsa nAmanA vidvAna je che temAMthI paNa e dhvani nIkaLe che ke bAhubaLI maisura ane karNATaka prAMtanA saMzodhanamAM agrasthAne zabda TheTha 1180 I. sa. sudhI jaNAvavAmAM ja Avyo Ave che, ne A 0 rANAvavAmAM Avyo Ave che. te A mUrtino abhyAsa jeTale bArIkIthI nathI. tema jUnAmAM jUno je lekha zaka parano teNe karyo che teTale bhAgye ja anya vidvAne karyo tyAM gaNAya che temAM bhadrabAhu zabda spaSTapaNe haze, te paNa pitAno abhiprAya vyakta karatAM vade che ke lakhela che. vaLo gomaTezvara ke gamaTa zabdano artha "that these inscriptions are undoubtbAhubaLIjI zI rIte besAravAmAM Avyo che te saMbaMdhI edly of the period when that work paNa patto lAgato nathI. A sthiti che. matalabake je was complete (E. I. VII, p. 108)=jyAre saMpradAyanuM A tIrtha vizeSapaNe manAyuM che te matanA tekAma(pratiSThA) saMpUrNa thayuM tyAra pahelAMnA A zilA vidvAnone paNa saMzodhana karatAM haju barAbara mAhitI lekhe che. matalaba ke mUrtinI pratiSThA thaI te pUrvenA

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340 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna zilAlekhe che. have vicAro ke cAmuMDarAye pratiSThA 147 sudhIne lekha) AcAryajI mahArAje eka vAta karI te samayanA lekho Tharyo ke te pUrvanA; ane lakhI che ke (juo pR. 230) "DokaTara sAhebe e lekho pUrvenA karyA che, je mUrti upara te kotarAyA te mUrti bAbata bIjI eka hasavA jevI kalpanA karI mUrtine samaya kayo ? vaLI jemsa pharagyusana che ke mUrti uparano lekha te pAchaLathI lakhAyela che nAmanA vidvAne pitAnA hisTarI opha InDiyana enDa ane mUrti te rAjA priyadarzine banAvelI che. temanI IsTana ArakaTekacara nAme pustakanA bIjA bhAgamAM A ka95nA sarvathA asaMgata che, kAraNa ke te mATe (laMDana. 1910) pR.48 thI 55mAM pracaMDakAya mUrtio temanI pAse eka paNa pramANa ke purAvo nathI" A vize carcA karIne jaNAvyuM che ke, "Anterior to TIkAne javAba temane mI. rAIsanA ane mI, pharagyuM. any of the colloss at Gwalior or sana ItyAdinA uparanA zabdomAM maLI jAya che ke kema, in the South of India=gvAliyara ke dakSiNa te teozrIja tapAsI leze. vaLI A praznanA have hiMdanI je kaI pracaMDakAya mUrtio che te saimAM pachInA bhAgamAM darzAvelI bInAthI paNa khAtrI karI prAcInatama (bhaMgaDha=alavara rAjyavALI) A mUrti che." leze. A uparAMta mUti upara lekho pAchaLathI ketaalabatta AmAM dakSiNa hiMdanI mUrtino samaya nathI rAyAnI vigata upara pote mazkarI karatA hoya tema jaNAvatA. paraMtu eTaluM te kahe che ja ke bhaMgaDhanI jaNAve che ke-"vaLI, bIjuM e ke temanI e havAI pracaMDakAya mUrti jUnAmAM jUnI che. kahevAne tAtparya kalpanAne svIkAravAmAM Ave te atyAre jeTalI e che ke, cAmuMDarAye mUrti prasiddhimAM ANI che te mUrtio che te badhIya mahAbhAratanI prAcInatA karatAMye pUrvanI paNa ghaNI pracaMDakAya mUrtio che. eTale ke vadhAre prAcIna kahI zakAya kAraNake DokaTara sAhebanI AvA ghaDatarakAmanI kaLA te ghaNuM ghaNuM kALe hatI kalpanA pramANe te dareka mUrti upara le che te badhA te pachI ja adazya thaI gaI hatI. jo turatamAM ja pUchI ja lakhAyA che." AvA temanA zabda upara te kaLAne nAza thayo hota to to hiMdabharamAM tevI kAMIpaNa nakatecInI karavA jarUriyAta rahe che kharI? ghaNI najare paData ja. uparAMta cAmuMDarAye pratiSThA karelI matalabake, zravaNabelagola tIthanI-gamaTezvaranI matinA samaya vize paNa matabheda che. bAhubaLI caritra mUrtinAM nAma. kartA, pratiSThAno samaya, ghaDatarakAma nAme pustakanA 64mA zlokamAM "kalayabda" zabda che vigere sarva hakIkata haju nirNayapUrvaka bahAra paDI tene "ka " vikalpa karIne, tiSazAstranI hoya ema manAtuM nathI ja. ' madadathI zrIyuta zrIkaMTha zAstrI ema. e. nAmanA lekhake ATalA nivedanathI khAtrI thaze ke temaNe rajI ema puravAra karI batAvyuM che ke ( je. e. pu. 5, karela sarve muddA nabaLA che; temaja rojabaroja thayela pR. 114 )" "It is highly probable that saMzodhanathI ajJAta rahIne temaNe carcA karela che. the image of Sri Gomatesvar was mUrtinI uMcAino prazna paNa temaNe carco che, installed in 907-8 A. C=vizeSa saMbhava te temanuM maMtavya (juo pR. 230) ema che ke "pAMcase e che ke, zrI gomaTezvaranI mUrtinI pratiSThA lagabhaga vAMbha uMcAIvALA bAhubaLI muninI mUrti 57 phITa I. sa. 907-8mAM thaI hatI" kahe kayAM cAmuMDarAyanA uMcI hoya te barAbara ucita che, paNa pAMca ke cha nAme I. sa. 978mAM pratiSThA thayAno meLa ! are hAtha uMcAIvALA zrI bhadrabAhu svAmInI mUrti ATalI khuda cAmuMDarAya purANamAM ane temanA gurUzrI nemi, uMcI na ghaTI zake." A avataraNamAMnA niyama vizenI caMdrAcArye racela pustaka uparathI paNa keTalIye zaMkA carcA mulatavI rAkhI, temAMnA zabdonI asaMgatatA ubhI thatI mAlUma paDI che. ( jue che. ke. jI. vize prathama kahI dauM. temaNe lakhela zabdo ema kaMdanakara ema. e. ne je. e. pu. 5, pR. 144thI jAhera kare che ke, bhadrabAhu svAmInI uMcAI pAMca ke

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ 341 cha hAtha hatI. chatAM temaNe A pArigrAphanI AdimAM 26 thI 35 gaNuM ane 1 jeTaluM thayuM. eTale ke zilpaema lakhyuM che ke "vaLI je mUrti bAbata DokaTara kAre mULa zarIra karatAM lagabhaga trIsagaNI nAnI mUrti sAheba potAnI kalpanA doDAve che te mUrtinI uMcAI banAvI che. have A gomaTezvaranA pAdapITha pAse ubhI lagabhaga 57 phUTa che. mUrtinI uMcAI jenI te mUrti rAkhela manuSyAkRtinI uMcAI vize vicAra karIe. je che tenI anurUpa ja hoya evo zi95zA ane niyama pramANe mUrtine pheTogrApha levAya che te rIte jotAM, che. pAMca phUTa uMcA mANasanI mUrti pacIsa ke pacAsa mULa mUtithI lagabhaga chaThThA bhAganI uMcAI te manuSyanI phUTa uMcI na banAvI zakAya. I." ane vicAra temanA che. eTale ke Azare 9 thI 10 phITa te manuSyanI ja che ane prastuta A bane mUrtine anulakSIne ja UMcAI kahevAya. AcAryajI mahArAja A mANasa vize che te nirvivAda che. Azcarya nathI lAgatuM ke pitAnA zuM khulAso kare che? pratiSThA karAvanAra cAmuMDarAyanI vAyanI AdivALA bhAgamAM bhadrabAhunI kAyA pAMca samayano zuM tene lekhave che ke anyathA ? jo cAmuMDa 2 hovAnuM jaNAve che tyAre te ja bhadrabAhu svA- rAyanA samayano gaNe che. temanA ja kathanathI sthApita mInI kAyAne aMtavALA bhAgamAM pAMca ke cha hAtha karela uparanA siddhAMta pramANe, 10 phITanI AkRtijeTalI jaNAve che. zuM kUTa ne hAtha eka sarakhA ja vALA manuSyanuM mULa zarIra Azare 300 thI 350 hovAnuM temanuM kahevuM thAya che? temanI je mAnyatA phITanuM kahevAze. A pramANe cAmuMDarAyanA samaye kAyahoya te bhale, paraMtu sAmAnya rIte samajI zakAya che ke sthiti hovAnuM temane zuM kabUla che? kabUla kare te te kadIkALe manuSyathI hastaSake zaratacUka na tharvI joIe hAsyAspada lAge che kemake te pramANe kaI purAvo evA siddhAMtavAdIthI te AvuM na ja thavuM joIe. nathI; ane nAkabUla hoya te temaNe raju karela game tema thayuM hoya, ApaNe te sAthe bahu nibata mAnyatA kAMte beTI athavA zilpazAstra khoTuM kare che? nathI. have temaNe darelA niyamanI vicAraNA karIe. athavA manuSyAkRtine kAlpanika TharAve che te vinA temanA kahevAno tAtparya e che ke mULa zarIrane prajane AvuM dhatIMga dAkhala karavA mATe temanA mate anurUpa hoya te pramANamAM ja tenI mUrti banAvAya. zilpakAra mUrkha Thare che; ane jo ema kahe ke te samayanA pAMcaso vAMbhanI kAyAvALAnI mUrti pa7 phITa hoya manuSyonI UMcAI to atyAranA jeTalI ja lagabhaga te anurUpa gaNAya. paraMtu pAMca cha hAtha vALAnI mUrti hatI, paraMtu zilpakAre kaI agamya kAraNane lIdhe pa7 phITa jeTalI uMcI na hoya ema teo mAne che; maTI ketarI nAMkhI haze. teye zilpakArane mAthe athavA bIjA zabdomAM teno anuvAda karIe to, pAcho tene te ja doSa AvIne Ubho rahe che athavA maLa zarIra karatAM tenI mUrti nAnA kadamAM karAya te, AcAryajI mahArAjanuM je ema mAnavuM thayuM che ke paraMtu moTA kadamAM na ja karAya. vaLI A gemaTezvaranI mULa zarIra karatAM tenI mUrti haMmezAM nAnI ja hevI mUrti vize sarva keIe emato mata darzAvyo che ke, joIe te mAnyatA khetI kare che. A ATha nava tenAM sarve aMge pAMga pramANa purassara gaNitanA niyame jAtanI sthitimAMthI AcAryajI mahArAjane kaI kabUla banAvela hovAthI ghaNI AkarSaka ane benamuna banI che te pite ja jaNAvaze. che. je bAhubaLIjInI mUrti hovAnuM svIkArIe te, bAkI saMzodhakone anumAna karavAne jema haka temanI kAyA pAMcase vAMbha-dhanuSyanI hAine ( eka hoya che tema mane paNa jo AcAryajI mahArAja ApatA dhanuSya-vAMbhanuM mApa keTalAkanI gaNatrIthI 3 phITa ne hoya te jaNAvavAnuM ke, te AkhIye mUrti samrATa keTalAkanI gaNatrIthI 4 phITanI lekhAya che te hisAbe) priyadarzinanA samaye ja kotarAvelI dekhAya che, kemake 1500-2000 phITa uMcAInI kahevAya; ane mUrti 57 tenI sajAvaTa temaja banAvaTa karanAra (bhadrabAhunI temaja phITanI che. eTale mULa zarIra ane mUrtinuM pramANu pAse rahela manuSyanI) kuzaLa kArIgare te samaye

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nAma---- 34ra ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo [ prAcIna hatA ja. je hakIkata teja ubhA karAvela aneka ubho karI rakhAyo hoya. (1) ekate emane ema staMbhothI tathA sAranAtha pIlarathI sAbita thaI jAya ubho rAkhIne paNa ghaDAya ane (2) tene jamIna upara che. vaLI tenA samaye manuSyanI je sAmAnya ucAI hatI pADIne prathama ghaDI levAya ane pachI ubho karAya. te darzAvavA mATe jIvaMta kadanI (Life-size) AkRti bIjI sthiti saMbhavita nathI kemake jamIna upara UbhI karAvI che. A uparathI siddha thAya che ke AcAryajI lAMbA pADela patthara upara surekha ghaDatara karavuM muzkela mahArAje jema maMtavya raju karyuM che tema, pAMca cha hAthanI che; je ke te muzkelI paNa bahu bhAre na hovAthI ane ucAI te kALe manuSyanI hatI ja. jenA purAvAmAM kArigaro kuzaLa hovAthI pAra utArI zakAya. paraMtu kahevAnuM ke bhagavAna mahAvIranI kAyA, sAta hAtha hovAnuM tevaDA moTA pattharane pAcho ubhA karavA jeTaluM kauzalya jaina zAstramAM prasiddha che. zrI mahAvIra ane bhadrabAhu ke kaLA kayAMthI lAvavI ? tenA karatAM te patthara ubho svAmI vaccenuM aMtara 150 varSanI che eTale banenI rAkhIne ghaDI kADho teja vizeSa sugama kahevAya; bhale UMcAI lagabhaga ekaja sarakhI hoya athavA bahu jarA kharca vadhAre paDe paraMtu teno upAya to sahela bahu to bhadrabAhunI UMcAI saheja nAnI hoya. eTale che. eTale A bIjI sthitimAM samAyelI sarva sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke te staMbhalekhe I. badhI muzkelIono vicAra karatAM, prathama sthiti pramANe jakRtio, jema priyadarzinanI che tema A pracaMDakAya pattharane ubho rAkhIne ja-kAma karAyuM hovAnuM mAnavuM mUrtio paNa tenI ja banAvaTanI che. tema manuSyanI rahe che. pachI savAla e rahe che ke je priyadarzine kAyA paNa te samaye lagabhaga pAMca cha hAthanI hatI. te patthara ghaDAvyo hato, te pitAnI ja haiyAtimAM kAM temaja je sthAne A mati ubhI karavAmAM AvI che tenI pratiSThA na karAvI ? athavA te emane ema ubhI tene AkhAye itihAsa zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI sAthe rakhAI hatI te tevaDI meTI mUrti, lagabhaga hajAra saMkaLAyela hovAthI te mUrti paNa temanI ja che. uparAMta bAraso varSa sudhI kAM keInI najare paDayA vinA ja rahI priyadarzine jema potAnAM sagAMvahAlAMnAM mRtyusthAne gaI ? te pachI TheTha I. sa. nI dasamI sadImAM cAmuMDahiMda bharamAM nAnA khaDakalekho (mAInora roka eDI. rAye tenI pratiSThA karAvI. uttara e che ke, priyadarzine kaTasa) ubhA karAvyA hovAnuM ApaNe sAbita karI anya pradezamAM pracaMDakAvI mUrtio ane staMbhalekho gayA chIe (juo pu. 2 mAM tenuM vRttAMta) tema A ubhAM karAvIne emane ema bhaviSyanI olAda mATe zravaNa belagola tIrthanA caMdragiri pahADa upara potAnA jema mUkI rAkhyA che, tema A mUrtine paNa rAkhI prapitAmaha caMdraguptanuM tathA temanA gurUvarya zrIbhadrabAhu mUkI haze ane pratiSThA karAvavAnI upayogitA nahIM svAmInuM svargagamana thayela hovAthI samrATa priyadarzine lAgI hoya; kadAca karAvI hoya, chatAM jema tenA tevAja khaDakale (siddhAgiri-brahmagirinA) ubhA jIvananA keTalAya banAvo anoMdhyA rahI gayA che karAvyAnuM samajavuM. eTale ADakatarI rIte ane tema A vize paNa banyuM hoya. game te saMjogo arasparasanA purAvathI sAbita thaI gayuM kahevAze ke pratiSThAne aMge banavA pAmyA hoya, paraMtu bArase. caMdragupta maurya dIkSA laIne A pahADa upara pitAnA varSa sudhI te mUrti adazya kema rahevA pAmI teja gurumahArAja sAthe zeSa jIvana gALyuM hatuM. tAjubI bharyuM che. khulAso e heI zake ke priyadarzina AvaDI moTI mUrti zI rIte parvata upara goTha- pachInA koIka samaye dharmakrAMti thatAM, julmagAranA hAthe vavAmAM AvI te praznano khulAso cokkasapaNe Apavo te mUrtinI anupama kaLA ane ghaDatarano vinAza thato jarA kaThina to che ja, chatAM saMbhava che ke, anya aTakAvavA jainadharmAvalaMbIoe tenI AsapAsa, khaDakalekhanI prAptinA sthAnanI peThe, mULe atra meTe mATI, maDuM ke patyare nAMkhIne eka moTA TekarA - pahADa ja haze. pachI tene ghaDI karIne be prakAre jevo dekhAva karI dIdho hoya. A sthitimAM te

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAo [ 343 Tekara-garI je pattharanA Dhaga rUpe-aneka varSo hoya teozrI batAvavA maherabAnI karaze. sudhI paDI rahyo ane atyAre paNa jema koI prati- A gonardI dezanI carcA karatAM temaNe pataMjalinI mAnuM prAgaTaya thatAM, pahelAM kaI bhaktajanane svapna janmabhUmine prazna upADayo che. ane cha kathana TAMkIne Ave che, tema maMtrI cAmuMDarAyane tathA prakAranuM svapna pataMjalinI janmabhUmi gAnanda deza hovAnuM jaNAvI, AvatAM teNe te mUrtine pragaTa karI, tathA dhAmadhUma- bIjA pAMca purAvAthI gona (genaddha)nuM sthAna, pUrvaka pUjAarcana karI prasiddhimAM mukI hatI. A vartamAna mALavAmAM urjana ane jillAnI vacce pramANe cAmuMDarAyane svapna AvyAnuM jaNAyeluM che hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. prathama te pataMjalinA janmatethI ApaNA anasAnane ora pachi paNa maLe che. A bhUmino prazna temaNe ja upADayo kahevAya eTale mArI pramANe mAruM mAnavuM thAya che, bAkI sapATa pradezamAM carcA sAthe saMbaMdha na gaNAya. chatAM temane saMtoSavA mUrti ghaDAI hoya ane te bAda, pahADa upara caDAvIne khulAse ApuM chuM ke, je temaNe sthAna batAvyuM che te goThavavAmAM AvI hoya, te te pattharane nIce pADIne gAna gAmanuM che, nahIM ke gAnanda dezanuM. te pUchavAnuM ghaDI kaDhAyAnI upara varNavelI prathama sthiti karatAM paNa ke, zuM gAma ane pradezane eka gaNo che ? vaLI zuM vizeSa muzkela hovAthI, kalpanAtIta ja TharAvavI rahe gonarda nAmanA be pradeza nathI hatA? che. meM mArA vicAra darzAvyA che. saMzodhako ane prazna (12):-pANini-Arya ke anArya ? abhyAsIo potapotAnA vicAra raju karaze evI prAkabhA. pu. 2, pR. 177 mAM pANini, vararUcI vinaMti che. ane cANakyane lagate eka kaTho meM Apyo che. prazna (11) -pANininI janmabhUmi tathA tenuM temanuM janmasthAnane AzrayIne meM pANinine anArya sthAna ? pradezI, ne bAkInA bene Arya pradezI jaNAvyA che; temanI janmabhUmi jyAM siMdhu nadImAM pazcime kAbula pANini brAhmaNa hovA chatAM meM temane anAryapradezI nadI maLe che tyAM meM batAvI che (prA. bhA. 1, pR. 356 kahyA te teozrIne rucatuM nathI lAgatuM. uttara-prAcIna thI pa8). tenA purAvAmAM, Dejha enzanTa jIogrAphI, pR. samaye AryaprajA ane Aryadeza hamezAM saMskRtine 16 nA zabdo "Panini's birth-place in anusarIne oLakhAtA; tene prajAnA varNa, ke sthAna Gopard country where the river Kabul sAthe saMbaMdha nahotA. AvuM kathana prAbhA. pu. alls into the Indus" TAMkayA che. jyAre AcAryajI 1nI AdimAM pR. 4 upara ja karI vALyuM che. tyAM mahArAjane (pR. 29) mata che ke "pANininI lakhela zabdo A pramANe che:-"uttara ane janmabhUmi gonaI nahIM paNa pazcima gAdhAramAM che" dakSiNa bhAratavarSa, bhale eka ja dezanA aMza hovA ane purAvAo je pAMca cha batAvyA che tene sAra chatAM, je samaye ApaNuM lekhanano prAraMbha karavAne e che ke, "puSkarAvatI prAMtame suvAstu (svAta) nadI che te samaye saMskRtimAM ekabIjAthI taddana bhinna paDI ke kAMTheme lAtura nAmI sthAna pANinikI janma- jatA hatA, ane saMskRtinI apekSAthI uttara vibhAganI bhami thA" AmAM puSkarAvatI te pezAvaranuM ane prajA vizeSa AgaLa vadhela hovAthI tene AryaprajA svAta te kAbUlanuM apara nAma che; ane pizAvara tarIke oLakhAvAtI ane tenI tulanAmAM dakSiNa pAse ja kAbUla nadI siMdhumAM bhaLI jAya che. eTale vibhAganI prajAne anArya prajA kahevAtI. bAkI kharI ke bannenI mAnyatA eka ja thaI gaNAya. phera eTale ja rIte te sakaLa hiMdustAnane ja Aryadeza ane tenI che ke te pradezane mI. DenA zabdone AdhAre meM gona prajAne AryaprajA kahevAno rivAja vizeSa pracalita kahyo che jyAre temaNe te zabda vAparyo nathI. dekhAya hovAthI tenI sarva prajAne AryaprajA ane te sivAyanI che ke te bAbatanI temane mAhitI nathI, chatAM ke anyane anAryaprajA kahevAya ane temanA dezane anArya

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uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo ' 344 ] deza kahI zakAya. uparanA kathananuM spaSTIkaraNa karatAM phUTaneTamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, " AryAvartanA bhinna bhinna vibhAganI dRSTithI A saMmeAdhana ApI zakAya-dhRtara pradezanI saMskRtinI sAthe sarakhAmaNImAM A (Arya) saMkhAdhana vAparI zakAya che." vaLI A mArA kathananI puSTi mATe jaNAvavAnuM ke jainazAstramAM (prajJApanA sUtramAM) kahela che ke " jee haiyadharmathI dUra gayA che ane jemaNe upAdeya dharma prApta karyAM che. tene Arya kahevAmAM Ave che." e ja pramANe sUtrakRtAMga ane AcArAMgasUtramAM paNa jaNAvAyuM che ke " jee sahaiya--tyAjya dharmathI dUra gayA che te A, ane tenAthI viparIta te anAya` ''; eTaluM ja nahIM paNa eka ja pradezanI saMskRtimAM bhinnatA paDatI hAvAthI saMskRta thayela bhAgane AryuM ane asaMskRtane anAryanI gaNatrImAM levAya che. kaeNmpa dezanA aDadhA bhAga A pramANe Arya ane aDadhA anArya gaNAyA che je AryAvartanA ra5A deza kahevAyA che temAMnA aDadhA deza je Arya gaNAvAyA che tenuM rahasya paNa A pramANe jANI levuM. uparathI samajAze ke, Arya-anArya zabdane, kAI sthAna, kuLa, jAti, vaMza ke tevA prakAranA vibhAga sAthe saMbaMdha nathI. kevaLa saMskRtine laIne ja te bheda pADavAmAM AvyA hatA. A vyAkhyA pramANe pazcima gAMdhAra deza ke je pANininI janmabhUmi hatI--athavA samrATa pulusAkInA rAjyanA je bhAga kaejane nAme eLakhAtA hatA tene meM anAryadezamAM lekhavyA che. A [nIcenA avataraNAmAM vidvAnee puSyamitra zRMgane anArya kahyo che tene khulAse| AcAya cha mahArAja zuM karaze ? khANu kavinA kathananA AdhAre purANanI hakIkatane samarthana maLe che ema jaNAvI mi. vinseTa smitha jaNAve che ke (E. H. I. 3rd edi. pp. 198, f.n. 1)-and reviewing the whole army under the pretext of showing him his forces, the base born anarya general Pusyamitra crushed [ prAcIna his master Brihadrath the Maurya= ane tene petAnuM lazkara dekhADavAnuM nimitta darzAvI anArye puSyamitre peAtAnA svAmI mairyavaMzI bRhratha rAjAne mArI nAMkhyA. A khAkhata ja. mAM. haiM. za. e. sa. 1928mAM pR. 45 upara jaNAvAyuM che ke teNe peAtAnA rAjAne mArI nAMkhyA hatA tethI ja nirNayasAgara presamAM 1986mAM chapAyalI ha`caritramAM anArya kahyo che. ] * OU " aze|kanA zilAlekha upara dRSTipAta " nAmanI je pustikA 66 pRSThanI temeAzrIe bahAra pADI che tene aMge have khulAsA ApuM chuM. temAM samrATa priyadardarzananA zilAlekhane AzrayIne ja vivaraNa che. azAkane ane priyadarzinane bhinna bhinna vyakti tarIke huM mAnI rahyo chuM; jethI te zilAlekhA azAkanA bAdharmane sparzavA karatAM priyadarzinanA jainadharmane svadhAre sparzatA che ema puravAra karavuM rahe che. A hakIkata priyadarzinanA samayanuM temaja tenA samagrajIvananuM jyAre yathAsthita ApaNane jJAna maLaze tyAre Ape|Apa spaSTa thaI jaze. atyAre te| eTaluM ja kahI zakAze ke, temaNe azokanA zilAlekha mAnIne bauddhadharmI lekhavyA che ane tene anulakSIne ja dalIlA karI che. eTale dekhItuM ja che ke temanI ane mArI mAnyatAne ekakhIjAte meLa nahIM ja khAya. vaLI temaNe peAtAnI dIlAnA samarthanamAM A zilAlekhAmAM AvatI vastunA ja havAlA ThekaThekANe ApyA che. eTale paNa svAbhAvika che ke mULa pamyA jyAM zilAlekhane zaMkAmaya anAvI devAye, tyAM tenA AdhAra laine carcA karavI te nakAmI ja gaNAya. AvA e traNa kAraNeA ne laine priyadarzinane aMge svataMtra pustaka jyAM sudhI najara AgaLa na dharAya ane temAMnI sarva hakIkatanuM tAlana na karAya, tyAM sudhI khAmeAza dharyA sivAya upAya rahetA nathI. mATe hAla teA eTalI ja vinaMti ke tevuM pustaka huM taiyAra karI rahyo chuM. te bahAra paDe tyAM sudhI rAha jovI. chatAM eka e prazna evA che ke jene paricaya-khulAse -atre karAvavA rahe che. (1)

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] jema sarvatra manAI rahyuM che tema, saMDrUkreATasane temaNe caMdragupta mAnyA che tene (2) ane rUdradAmananA lekha sudarzana taLAvanI prazastinA eka bhAga tarIke je che te paratve. A e viSayamAMthI prathamanA khulAsA mATe, uparamAM pR. 296thI 305 vistArapUrvaka samajUti apAI gaI che. khIjo muddo je. rUdradAmanane lagatA che temAM paNa, azekane jema priyadarzina mAnIne atyAra sudhI kAma levAyuM che tema A lekha rUdradAmananA mAnIne temaNe peAtAnI dalIlA karI che; jyAre te lekhanI vastusthiti ane Azaya ja taddana nirALI hovAnuM huM pratipAdana karI rahyo chuM. eTale temaNe karelI dRlIlAne mArI sAthe baMdhabesatI karI zakAze nahIM. te mATe rUdradAmananA vanavRttAMtane prathama saMpUrNapaNe abhyAsa karavA joie. A viSaya prAbhA. pu. 4mAM pU. 207thI 220 sudhI aneka purAvAo raju karIne chaNI khatAvyo che ne ema puravAra karyuM che ke, prazastine mULa Azaya, samrATa priyadarzine taLAvane baMdha samarAvyAnI noMdha lIdhAnA che; ane rUdradAmane te tevA ja anya prasaMge peAtAnA hissA pUrAvAne, samrATa priyadarzinanAM kAryo sAthe peAtAnA kAnI sarakhAmaNI ja karelI che. A pramANe jyAM AkhI prazastinuM svarUpa ja pharI jatuM heAya tyAM, tenA abhyAsa karyA pachI dIlAmAM utaravAnuM sArthaka gaNAya. mATe atra tenI carcA karavI durasta nathI lAgatI. prazna (13)H-zAkaTAyana ane kAtyAyana-- zAkaTAyana, pANini, vararUci ane pataMjalIA cAra nAmA mazahura che; bIjI bAju zAkaTAyana ane pANini vyAkaraNakArA che. temAM pANininA aSTAdhyAyI vyAkaraNa upara vArtika ane mahAbhASya racAyAM che. vArtikakAra tarIke vararUci kAtyAyana ane bhASyakAra tarIke pataMjalIne manAyA che. A uparathI AcAryaMjI mahArAjanuM ema mAnavuM thayuM che ke, sauthI prathama zAkaTAyana thayA che. te khAda pANini, te bAda varaci ane sauthI chevaTe pataMjalI thayA che. mAre| prazna e che ke, zAkaTAyana ane pANini vacce lAMbe samaya nIkaLI gayAnuM teo mAne che 44 [ 345 badale kAM, samasamayI te banne na heAya? sama paNa eka khIjAnA grantha upara vyakti che temaja eka bIjAnA AdhAra paNa laI zake che. kadAca samasamayI lekhavA chatAMya samavayaska na gaNIe, paraMtu zAkaTAyanane pANini karatAM umaramAM vRddha lekhavAthI athavA bahu te mAtra TUMka samayanA ja purAgAmI gaNavAthI paNu, adhI paristhiti jaLavAi ja rahe che. A pramANe zAkaTAyananA samayanI zaMkAne lIdhe meM prazna upasthita karyo che, nahIM ke temanA vyaktitva paratve jema AcAryajI mahArAje dhArI lIdhuM che tema. vararUci kAtyAyana te pANininI pachI thayA che. Ama AcAryajI mahArAjanuM mAnavuM thAya che. jyAre pANini, vararUci ane cANakyanI tripuTi magadhapati mahAnaMdanA amAtya zakaDALanA samakAlInapaNe heAvAthI sarvene samasamayI hAvAnuM mAruM maMtavya che. A pramANe cAre vyaktie bhinna heAvAnuM mAre kabUla che. je prazna che te temanA samaya paratvenA che. prathamanA traNane samasamayI paNa manAya tema che. bahu tyAre prathamanA zAkaTAyanane umaramAM vRddha athavA TUMka samayanA pUragAmI paNa gaNAya. khAkI, pANini ane varacitA samasamayIja hatA ane sauthI chevaTe pataMjalI thayA che. samayI TIkA lakhI zake [pachI prazna rahyo vArtikakAra krANu ane bhASyakAra kANu ? tathA kAtyAyana ane kAnvAyanavaMzI judA che ke nAmeAccAranI bhUlane lIdhe eka paNa hAvA saMbhava che; ityAdi praznonI zaMkA ane khulAsA vistArapUrvaka samajAvyA che. prAcIna samayanA AvA tA aneka prazno chAi gayA haiAvA chatAM, phera tapAsamAM uthalAi gayelA najare paDe che eTale atra paNa te suddhithI ja raju karAyAnuM samajavuM temAM krAi jAtane matAgraha hAi na zake.] prazna (14):-dhaulI--jAgADA sametazikharathI Azare cArasA mAIla gaNAya che teA pachI ene taLeTI kema gaNI zakAya ? uttara; mULe parvata teA ekaja, paraMtu judA judA bhAganI uMcAi eka sarakhI na heAvAthI,

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346 ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna je bhAga bahu uMcA nahotA, te kALakrame AsapAsanI jJAnaprApti thayA bAda, te hado apa zakAya? vaLI, uMcI thavAthI chaTA hAyA jevA thaI gayA. bhagavata zabdanI vyutpatti, bhagata vALa sahita; ema jethI chUTA paDela avaye svataMtra ane judA nAmathI thAya che temAM bhaganA artha paNa ghaNuM thAya che. te oLakhAtA thayA. [pATaliputra zaheramAM aneka bhavya pachI bhagavatano artha kAM eka ja prakAre mAnI le ? ane gaganacuMbI ImArata hatI tathA gaMgA nadInA [ neTa-eka vAta yAda Ave che. priyadarzinanI taTa upara ja vaseluM hatuM; pAchaLathI te imAratenI mAtAnuM nAma kaMcanamALA (prA. bhA. pu. 2, pR. 288) badhI ucAI te jatI rahI, paraMtu keTalAya kITa mATInAM hatuM te A dazya upara "mAyAdevI' che ke thara thara tenA upara pharI vaLyAM che. te tenuM che te maherabAnI karI lipio tapAsI jaze ]. sthAna-paTaNuM zahera-hajuye gaMgA nadInA taTe ja prazna (16) -mahAkSatrapa rAjA rUdradAmAM nAme 82 mAlUma paDe che. A pramANe, jamIne uMcI nIcI thaI pRSThanI eka pustikA pU. A. mahArAjazrIe bahAra gayAnA ane kalpanAmAM paNa na utare tevA pheraphAra pADI che temAM aMtima bhAge sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti thayAnuM jaNAyuM che. tevI ja rIte rAtre jaya parvata, mULe saMbaMdhe je meM mAruM maMtavya bahAra pADayuM che, tene 80 yojanAnA vistArano tathA aneka zikharavALe "pokaLa vidhAnone prativAda"nAme radiyo ApavA gaNAto hatuM, paraMtu kALakane tenAM ghaNuM zikharo temaNe prayAsa karyo che. te saghaLe vAMcI che. paraMtu chUTAM paDI jaI svataMtra nAme oLakhAtAM thayAM che ane prAcIna bhAratavarSa pu. 2, pR. 393thI 397 upara, tathA tethI ja 80 janano vistAra maTI, have nAno zo pu. 4, pR. 207thI 217 sudhImAM tata saMbaMdhI aneka te thaI rahyo che. A pramANe sametazikharanuM paNa navI dalIlo ane samajUtio meM raju karI che temAMnI samajI levuM ]. eke temaNe lakSamAM laIne teDavAnuM valaNa dAkhavyuM prazna (15):-bhArahutastUpamAMnuM mAyAdevInuM svapna- nathI lAgatuM. mAtra siMhAlekanamAM grahaNa karelI rItIe vALuM dazya ja jUnI cAlI AvatI praNAlikAthI nihALIne, mArAM prathama te adhUrI aitihAsika hakIkatane lIdhe ja vidhAne potAnI virUddha jaNAtAM, chA pramANe bhArahutanA stUpane ddhadharmanA pratika tarIke mAnI kaTAkSa ja karatA jaNAya che. eTale mAre mATe temAMthI levAyo che. te sthAna jenadhamaya hoIne te upara koI muddA upara khulAso ApavA jevuM rahetuM nathI. prasenajIta ane ajAtazatra jevA jena rAjAoe chatAM eka be muddA upara temanuM lakSa kheMcavA jevuM pitAnA dharma pratye pUjyabhAva darzAvatAM smAraka ubhAM lAgatAM te jaNAvuM chuM. karAvyAM che. A saMbaMdhI jayaMka vivecana ApaNe upa- pR. 23 upara hiMdamAM zakalekenuM AvAgamana kyA 2mAM bhArahutastUpa vizenI carcA karatAM karI gayA raste thayuM hovuM joIe tenuM vivecana che. temanA chIe (juo pR.312 thI 15). vizeSamAM jaNAvAnuM matathI amArA saMpradAyanA eka munirAja zrI kalyANake, bhagavAna buddhanI mAtAe svapnAmAM cha dAMtavALo vijayajIne bhinna mata paDate temaNe jaNAvyuM che. tathA sUMDhamAM kamaLa halAvata hAthI joyAnuM jaNAvyuM te upara pate sAmAnya vivecakanA zabdomAM varNana che jyAre A banne sthiti bhArahutavALA dRzyamAM karI aMtamAM jaNAyuM che ke, " eTale mAnavuM paDaze najare paDatI nathI; jethI graMthakartAe paNa te vize ke teo pArasaLa-kArasamAMthI sADIo sAthe amuka zaMkA uThAvI che. "bhagavate ukrati' zabda barAbara che. paraMtu mArga saiArASTramAM nathI AvyA paNa siMdhu nadIne pAra prazna e che ke, koI vyaktine bhagavata-bhagavAna tarIke karI I. sa. pU. 123nI lagabhaga siMdhamAM utaryA kayAre saMbodhI zakAya? zuM garbhamAM utpanna thAya tyArathI, ke ane tyAMthI kacchamAM thaI saurASTramAM AvyA." janma thatAM ja, ke amuka prakAranI tapasyA karIne samAjanA letAM temaNe A pramANe noMdha karI che,

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsA bhAratavarSa ] A saMbaMdhamAM mArUM maMtavya paNa pU. munirAja zrI kalyANavijayajInA matAnusAra che. paraMtu jo te pramANe lakhIne meM bahAra pADayuM heAta teA. uparanA ja zabdamAM peAte vivecana karata ke kema te vicAravA yogya che? A adhikAra temanA che eTale huM te saiAna rahI have khIjo muddo jaNAvuM chuM. temaNe raju karelAM nivedane satya che ke kema tene nirNaya pote ja karI laine jaNAvaze. huM te mAtra tenI sthiti samajAvIza. (1) (pR. 28) caSTananA pitAmaha jhAmeAtika (sametika, csAmeAtika) lakhela che, jyAre (pR. 30) jhAmeAtikanA putra caSTane...(pR. 43) vaMzAvaLamAM jhAmeAtika--caSTana 80-110 I. sa. (putra tarIke); eka sthAne caSTanane putra kahe che jyAre khIje ThekANe pAtra kahe che; AmAM satya zuM ? (2) pR. 47nI vaMzAvaLInI phUTaneATamAM lakhe che ku----" mahAkSatrapa dAmajadazrI prathama ane rUdrasiMha prathamanA rAjya kALanI vaccamAM, Izvarasena (?) Abhira mahAkSatrapanI gAdI upara AvI gayA hatA." AmAM dAmajadazrI pahelAne samaya 150-180 ane siMha pahelAnA samaya 181-188; 191--196 temanA kahevA pramANe Ave che. eTale izvaradatta AbhIrane samaya 180 thI 181 mAM ke bahu tyAre 191 sudhImAM thayAnuM teozrI mAne che. vaLI (pR. 36) lakhela che ke teNe (drasiMhe ) 181-188 sudhI rAjya karyuM che pachI Izvaradatta AbhIra mahAkSatrapa thayeA. teNe 188-190 i. sa. sudhI rAjya karyuM ema lakhyuM paNa che. jyAre DA. rUpsana (kA. AM. rU. pra. pR. 153) ane khIjA vidvAnA tenA samaya i. sa. 236-238 mAne che. (3) (pra. pR. 4) "zaY=AnI judI judI zAkhAo hatI. temAM pazcimI zakarAjAe (vesTarna kSatrapa kahevAnA Azaya lAge che) jaina jyeAtirdhara AcArya kAlakasUri sAthe I. sa. pUrve khIjI zatAbdInI zarUAtamAM sIstAnamAMthI bhAratavarSamAM AvyA. kAlakAcArya jainadharmanI rakSAne mATe temane ahIM lAvyA hatA."-(pR. 4) "zakaleAkeA ujjainanA rAjA ga`bhIlanA vakhatamAM jainadharmanA jyeAtirdhara mahAvibhUti AcArya kAlakara sAthe i. sa. pU.nA bIjA saikAmAM-saikAnI zarUAtamAM (125-15nI vacamAM) bhAratamAM AvyA" [ 347 (mArI noMdha-vesTarna kSatrapAnuM nivAsasthAna karyAM hatuM ane te zaka hatA ke kema i. i. praznanI carcAmAM utaravAnuM nathI paraMtu temanA samaya paratve ja kevaLa dhyAna deAravAnuM che) eTale ke kAlikasUri, ga bhIla rAjA ujjainapati, ane pazcima zakkSatrapAnuM AvavuM; te traNene samaya 4. sa. pU. 120 AsapAsa te TharAve che. (pR. 20). "I. sa. pU. 123nI AsapAsa bhAratavarSamAM ujjainamAM gabhIla rAjA gAdInazIna hatA"- (mArI nedha-A gabhIlanA putra prakhyAta zAri vikramAdityane samaya I. sa. pU. 57mAM suvidita cheH temaja gabhIlecchedaka kAlikasUrine samaya pazu jaina sAhityAnusAra ma. saM. 453= I. sa. pU. 74 jaNAyela che). ( pR. 24) zalAkAnA pravAsa vize jaNAve che ke ''siMdhamAM peAtAne aDDo ane raheThANu sthAyI banAvIne te leAkeA pazcima (pUrva lakhavuM joie) tarapha cAlyA. kacchamAM thaIne teo sArASTramAM AvyA. A kUca teoe ekaja varSamAM khatama karI hatI. ema kALakAcArya kathAnakathI spaSTa thAya che. A samaya I. sa. pU. 110-105 daramyAnanA gaNI zakAya'(pR. 31) "AcAyaeN kAlikasUrinA netRtva nIce zakaleAkA ujjainanI gAdIe AvyA ane cAreka varSa pachI gAdI khAI. te pachI rUdradAmAe lIdhI. eTale caRNu kaccha kAThIyAvADamAM te bahu lAMkhA vakhata rAjA tarIke rahyo. " ( mArI noMdha eTale uparanI I. sa. pU. 115nI sAla kAlikasUrinI letAM 110mAM dAmAnA samaya AvyA ane tenA pitAmaha caSTaSNunA samaya te gaNatrIe te pUrve kamamAM kama 25 varSe =I. sa. pU. 135mAM Ave chatAM) tenA AgaLanA ja vAkaye lakhe che ke lagabhaga I. sa. 80 thI 110 sudhInA manAya che"--(pR. 35 ) upara jaNAve che ke " rUdrana dAmAe i. sa. 130 thI 150 eTale kula vIsa varasa rAjya karyuM hatuM" A badhA samayaneeTale I. sa. nI sAthe I. sa. pU. nA temaja temanI AMka saMkhyAnA meLa zI rIte sAdhI batAvAze ? k (4) (pR. 28) keTalAka vidvAnA bhramaka ane jhAmAtika banne eka ja che ema mAne che ane dalIla rajI kare che ke, jhAmeAtika e zaka zabda che ane temAM 'jhAma' nA artha 'bhUmi' evA thAya che. eTale jhAmA

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uDela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAo 348 ] tikane saMskRta bhASAmAM anuvAdita karavAmAM Ave tA 'bhUmaka' evuM nAma thAya. eTale bhramaka ane jhAmeAtika anne eka ja vyaktinA nAmAMtara heAvA joIe. A upara peAtAnuM svataMtra maMtavya raju karatAM ( pR. ra9 ) jaNAvyuM che ke " vicAra karatAM mane ema lAge che ke jhAmeAtika ane bhramaka banne eka ja hAvA joIe." eTale ke caNunA pitA jhAmeAtika ane bhUmaka eka ja vyakti che. vicArA ke jhAmetika (jhAma+ utika)mAMnA 'jhAmaneA' paryAya, 'bhUmi' che teA, jhAmeAtikanuM nAmAMtara bhUmi+tika=bhUmyutika thAya ke bhUmaka? vaLI jhAmeAtikanA putra caSNunA sikkA ane bhramakanA sikkAo teA jANItA paNa thayela che. jo jhAmeAtika ane bhramaka ekaja hAta te| A sikkAe arasaparasa maLatA Avata ke nahIM? [ prAcIna rAnA siMhujavALI pustikAmAM itihAsanA viSayamAM vartamAnakALe sattAsamAna gaNAtA mAdhuraMdhara evA e pAMca ke dasa paMdara nahIM, paNa trevIsa trevIsa vidvA- " nAnA abhiprAyA meLavIne temaNe raju karyAM che; te sarvane ekaja dhArA abhiprAya vAMcatAM, te bAbatamAM ApaNe hAtha ja dheAI nAMkhavA rahe che. paraMtu te abhiprAyeA meLavavAmAM temaNe evI sIphatathI kAma lIdhuM che ke, itihAsanA viSayathI apara rahela vAcakavargane te sahelAIthI khabara ja na paDe. temaNe prathama te 15-7-37nI mitinA eka chApela paripatra, uparanA trevIsa vidyAneAne pAThavyeA lAge che, ane te paNu evA rUpamAM ke cAlu AvatI mAnyatAnuM svarUpa rajI karatA vAkayamAM ja; ke jene uttara, hA ke nA, jevA gheDA zabdomAM ja athavA tA tevA mitAkSarI vAkacAmAM ja AvI jAya. paripatramAM jo temaNe cAlu mAnyatAthI ulaTa javAmAM, amArI zuM zuM dalIla che athavA amane zuM zuM saMyeAgA maLyA che, teonuM varNana jo karyuM hAta, ke TUMkamAM paNa tenA citAra ApyA hAta, tA tA jarUra te upara vicAra karIne ja tee peAtAnA abhiprAya Apata ( A hakIkata vadhAre spaSTatApUrvaka jarA AgaLa varNavI che te vAMcI AvAM AvAM tA aneka vidhAnA temaNe karela che. uparAMta hakIkatanI evI teA seLabheLa karela che ke, anabhyAsInI najare te ekadama tarI Ave tevI nathI. uparanAM dRSTAMtA mAtra namunA tarIke ja sAdara karyA che. have temaNe pragaTa karelI bIjI pustikA tarapha vaLIe. prazna (17):--tenuM nAma temaNe 'mathurAnA siMhadhvaja' ApyuM che. paraMtu "Mathura Lion capital Pillar" mULa zabda hoine 'mathurAtA siMha-jIe). eTale svAbhAvika che ke, amArA pustakathI staMbha' nAma vadhAre anukULa thaI paDatuM gaNAta. je kAI aparicita che te, jema bhArapUrvaka kahI zake che ke, azeka ane priyadarzina ekaja che eTaleke bhinna nathI; tema A vidvAnoe paNa adyApiparyaMta mAnya rahelI sthitine ja saMmati darzAvI dIdhI dekhAya che. matalabake, trevIse vidvatAnA abhiprAya A siMhastUpa vize kevaLa saMgrAhaka sthitidarzaka che. have ApaNe mULa hakIkata upara AvIe. 'mathurAnA siMhastaMbha"nuM vivecana, amArA trIna pustake ame karyuM che ( bhramaka, nahapALu tathA rAjIbulanAM vRttAMte chUTaka chUTaka IsArArUpe, ane mathurAnagarInA pariziSTa pR. 253thI 263 sudhI kAMika saMkalitapaNe) te vAMcIne temaNe cAreka prazna tAravI kADhI, eka paripatrarUpe bAkI rUdradAmAvALI pustikAmAM jUnI praNAli lagabhaga be Dajhana vidvAneAne meAkalIne javAba meLa-kAe, ke krANu jANe kayA sAdhaneA dvArA (kayAMya bahu byAnuM samajAya che. te upara kAMIpaNa vivecana karavA karatAM, amArA pu. 4nI prastAvanAmAM je vicArA rajI karyA che teja sadAkharA atre utArIzuM; jethI vAcakavargane badhI paristhiti ApoApa dekhAI jaze. te zabdo A pramANe che (pR. 12thI AgaLa): "mayu AdhAra jevuM Apela na heAvAthI) samaya paratve temaNe kAma lIdhuM che, ke jAhera karela vigatAmAM, pAne pAne, pArigrAphe pArigrAphe, ane keTaleka ThekANe teA vAkaye vAkayamAM paristhiti 19sudhArA mAMgI rahI che. kharI vAta che ke paradezI vidyAtA pAsethI prAraMbhamAM AparUdradAmAnI pustikA vize khulAsA karatAM karI batAvyAM che, (19) mAmAMnAM keTalAMka sUcanA ApaNe uparamAM

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bhAratavarSa ]. uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 349 Nane ghaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLyuM che, paraMtu haMmezAM te te haju temanA ja taraphathI A prathamavAra sAMbhateonuM ja mArgadarzana svIkAravuM ane ApaNAmAM to LavAmAM AvyuM che eTale te vize ame mauna ja parAvalaMbana sivAya kAMI che ja nahIM, evI lAcAra sevIzuM) te amArI teozrIne vinamrabhAve vinaMti sthiti sevyA karavI te kayA prakAranuM mAnasa kahevAya ? che ke, ame kayAM AvuM vidhAna karyuM che te maherabAnI uparamAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke praznonA uttara karIne teo jaNAvaze. meLavavA temaNe eka prakAranI siphata je vAparI che bAkI ame jarUra eTaluM to kahyuM che ja, ke tenuM varNana spaSTatApUrvaka AgaLa ApyuM che. te atra have kSaharATa nahapANa pate siMhastaMbhamAM darzAvela mahAsamajAvIzuM. temaNe paripatramAM zuM zabdo lakhyA che kSatrapa rAjulanA samakAlIna che. te mATe, ja. . baM. te ApaNe je ke jANatA nathI. paraMtu temanA patrane re. e. sa. navI AvRtti pu. 7, pR. 61 nuM avajavAba, kalakattA myujhIamavALA The. rAmacaMdrajIe taraNa paNa TAMkI batAvyuM che. (juo pu. 3, pR. 234. tA 24-7-37 nA roja Apyo che temAMthI (tathA TI. naM. 13) ke "It is obvious that NahaDe. bI. e. sAleranA patramAMthI) kAMIka mAhitI pan was a contemporary of Rajuvuladeg maLI jAya che ja. temanA zabdo A pramANe che- the Mahakshatrapa of Mathura dekhItuM "with reference to your letter of the che ke, mathurAne mahAkSatrapa rAjulula ane nahapAyuM 15th Inst, inquiring if the Mathura samakAlIna che' A uparAMta anya aitihAsika Lion capital inscription contains any hakIkata maLavAthI te sarve paristhitine guMthIne ame reference to Jaina affairs or names of anumAna tAravI kADhayuM che; jene cAre taraphathI Nahapan, Bhumak or Nanaka, I have samayanA AMkaDA vaDe samarthana maLavAthI satya ghaTanA to give you a reply in the nagative.. tarIke jAhera karI che. paraMtu pote mudo na samajavAthI -Ape je patra tA. 15mI no lakhela che ane jemAM je ame tyAM paNa na hoIe tevAM vidhAna pUchavAmAM AvyuM che ke, mathurAsiMhastaMbhamAM jainadharma amArA nAme karIne, vAcakone bhramamAM ja nAMkhavA paratve kAMI hakIkata che athavA te nahapANa, bhramaka dhAryuM hoya, tyAM doSa kene? agAu paNa aneka ke nanakamAMthI kAInAM nAma temAM Ave che; te utta- vakhata Aja pramANe temaNe pagalAM bharyA hatAM; ane 2mAM mAre nakAra ja bhaNavo rahe che." matalaba ke te vakhate paNa duHkhita hRdaye amAre jAhera vartamAnabane praznone uttara temaNe nakAramAM ja dIdho che. patramAM tenAM daSTAMta ApIne tenuM satya batAvavuM A patralekhana pU. A. ma. zrIe amArA pustakamAM paDayuM hatuM." darzAvelA vicAra paratve karela che. eTale pite amArA temanI pustikA vize samagra rIte je muddo nAme ema kahevAne mAMge che ke, kema jANe ame evuM kahevAno hato te upara pramANethI samajI levA. have kahyuM che ke, te mathurAstaMbhamAM jenane lagatI hakIkata je vidvAnee abhiprAya ApyA che temAMnA eka be darzAvI che tathA temAM nahapANa ane bhUmakanAM nAma je vadhAre vajanadAra gaNAya che tenI tapAsa karIe. lakhAyela che (nanaka nAma teoe kayAMthI utAryuM? De. thomasa jaNAve che ke:-"Many scholars (20) temanI mAnyatA ema che ke (juo temanI pustikA, nathI (te pachI, ja, be. . . e. se.nA lakhANane mathurAne siMhabraja pR. 19, paMkita 23) vAstavamAM siMha- artha zo ?) AvI te keTalIye ajJAnapUrNa TIkAo temaNe vajanI pratiSThA vakhate nahapANanI hastija hatI nahIM, te karI dIdhI che. paraMtu te ahIM asthAne kahevAya eTale te varSa pachI thayo che. keI vidvAna tene ullekha karatA jaNAvIzuM nahIM.

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350 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ prAcIna hold that Bhumaka was identical Ave che ke teo bhinna che. temaja bannenA samaya vacce with Ysamotika, the father of Chast- lagabhaga be sadI uparAMtanuM aMtara che; kemake nahapANane ana...Nahapana would thus have been samaya I. sa. pU. 114thI 74 che. jyAre cakaNane contemporary with ChasthanasghaNuM I. sa. 112thI 152no che (juo teonAM vRttAMta). vidvAno mAne che ke bhUmaka ane cakaNano pitA sAmetika matalaba ke vidvAnonA abhiprAyo keTalAye vakhata eka ja hatA...A rIte nahapAna ceinane samakAlIna uparanA baMdhAyelA che. tapazcAta keTalIye navI zodhahovo joIe". amAruM TIpaNu-bhUmaka ane sAmo- kheLa thaI rahI che ne te mAnyatAmAM ghaNo sudhArotika eka nathI te ApaNe upara (pR.347-8) batAvI vadhAro thaI gayo che. vaLI TIna ke sAheba lakhe gayA chIe. vaLI nahapANu ane caNa paNuM samakAlIna che ke (pustikA pR. 25) "The Lion capital hoI na zake ema puravAra karI daIe eTale paNa is older than Nahapana=nahapANa karatAM bhUmaka ane jhAmetika jUdA karI jaze. nahapANa ane siMhastaMbha purANa che" (eTale ke siMhastaMbhavALA caThThaNa bane avaMtipati thayA che ne temaNe rAjA tarIke mahAkSatrapa rAvala ane tenI paTarANI pachI keTaleya sikkA paDAvyA che, nahapAnA lekhamAM 41 thI 46nA kALe nahapANa thayo che) A matane maLatI thaIne AMka che ane cappaNano AMka bAvana puravAra thAya che. resana jaNAve che ke (pustikA pR. 29) "Nache. A banne AMkane ekaja saMvatanA tathA De. hapana lived more than a hundred sTIne kAnAnA jaNAvyA pramANe ( Now we know years after the date of the Lion that the western kshatrapas were Capital=A sihastaMbha sthApana karavAmAM Avyo sakas i. e. Iranians and we know tyAra pachI ekaso karatAM paNa vadhAre varSo pachI that the salka word for Bhumiu was nahapANa thayo hato. " A temane abhiprAya vAstavika Yasmahave ApaNe jANIe chIe ke pazcimanA che ke kema te nIcenI hakIkatathI jANI zakAze. kSatrapa zaka jAtinA eTale ke IrAniyana hatA ane nahapANa karatAM rAjulula so varSa karatAM paNa vadhAre ApaNane vidita che ke zaka bhASAmAM "bhUmine mATe varSa pUrve thaI gayo hato ema zA uparathI temaNe yasma" kahe che) te bannene zaka prajAnA saradAra mAnI mAnyuM haze te darzAvAyuM nathI eTale mAnavuM rahe che levAthI, vidvAno temane kAM te samakAlIna thayAnuM ane ke rAvala ane tenA putra sadAsa vizeno tathA bahu te nahapANa pachI turata ja caSmaNane thayela mAne nahapANane, je kaI AMka jaNAyo hoya te be AMkanI che. eka vakhate be avaMtipati naja hoI zake vaccenA gALA tarIke A so varSanuM aMtara gaNI eTale temanuM samakAlInapaNuM te saMbhavita nathI ja. kADhayuM hovuM joIe. kemake vidvAnanI e mAnyatA eTale eka pachI eka rAjA thayAnuM haju mAnI che ke, A sarve paradezI kSatrapa-mahAkSatrapAe uttarazakAya. jo ke tema paNa nathI; kemake prathama te teo hiMdamAM je saMvatano Azraya lIdho che te sarva zaka eka prajAnA ja nathI (jIo prAjhabhA. pu. 7, pR. 217 saMvata che ane tenI Adi I. sa. 78mAM thayelI thI 223 sudhI 9 dalIlethI; pu 4, pR. 199 thI che. temAMye nahapANane AMka 41thI 46nA ane 203 sudhImAM batAvela 10+8+6=14 muddAthI) paNa rAjIvula-sADAsanA 4rathI 79 nA che. jyAre bIjA bhinna hovAnuM puravAra karI batAvyuM che vaLI (nIce graMthakAra jaNAve che ke " It is obvious jIe) teonA sikkA jovAthI paNa turata dekhAI that Nahapan was a contemporary of (21) jIo ja, be. che. re. e, se. navI AvRtti pu. 3, pR. 61.

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bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznAnA khulAsAe [ 351 Rajuvul the Mahaksatrap of Mathura= bauddha ane jainadharmanAM cihana vizenI barAbara mAhitI e to dekhItuM ja che ke, nahapANa te mathurAnA na hovAne lIdhe, jainane bAddha tarIke jAhera karI dIdhA che mahAkSatrapa rAjavalana sahamayI hato." eTale tema atra paNa banyuM hovuM joie athavA te lipi ukeAMkanI gaNatrIe paNa tene patto lAgatuM nathI. jethI lamAM (deciphering) ke tene artha karavAmAM (InterhakIkatanA abhAve te upara vizeSa vicAra karavo preting) galatI thayelI hovI joIe. bAkI nirarthaka che. A pramANe temanA samaya vizenI vicA- amane pUrI khAtrI che ke, mathurA siMhastaMbha te janaraNA thaI. have teo zaka prajAnA ja che ke kema te dharmanI ja kRtirUpa che. vizeSamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, mathurA prazna paNa vicArI laIe. myujhIamane kyureTara rAyabahAdura rAdhAkRSNajI jema mathurA lAyana kepITala pIlara A khareSThI kahe che ke siMhadhvaja pustikA pR. 4, TIkA) "mujhe lipithI bharapUra che eTale rAjIvula tathA tenI paTarANI zuddha hRdayase kahanA paDatA hai ki yaha mathurA jeke kSaharATa prajAnA thayA. tema ja rAjululanA sikkA upara liye prathama naMbara, boddhoke liye dusare naMbara aura paNa kharechI lakhANa che. bhUmaka kSaharATa che (pustikA vaiSNave ke liye tire naMbara hai ! nidAna yahAMke pR. 29 rAyacaudharI vigere itihAsakAroe kSaharATa kaMkAlI TIle se prAcIna zilAlekha aura mUrtimAM vaMzane bhUmaka ane rASTananA pitAmaha jhAmetika banne vageraha jo kucha vastuoM nikalI haiM, unameM sabase bhinna mAnyA che;) vaLI bhUmakanA sikkA upara paNa adhika pAcIna vastu jenAMkI milI hai, tatpazcAta khareSThI lipinA ja akSare che. ane nahapANe te baiThokI. aura sabase pichale samayakI vaiSNAMkI"pitAnA sikkAmAM ja (pu. 2, sikkA naM. 37) kSaharATa tevIja vastusthiti che. sarvathI prAcIna vastuo upara nahapANa" zabda lakhyA che tema Do. resana pite ja jainadharmane ja haka che. eTaluM te suvidita che ke kahe che ke (ke. . re. pra. pR. 37 pari.87) It zrAddhadharmanI jAhojalAlI bhAratamAM I. sa. nI traNa (Ksaharat ) is a family name to which cAra sadI bAda ke tethI paNa meDI thaI hatI, jyAre both Bhumak and Nahapan belonged ApaNe je samayanI atyAre vicAraNuM karI rahyA =kSaharATa kaTuMbanA ja, bhUmaka ane nahapANu bane, chIe te te I. sa. pU. nA samayanI che eTale (nabIrAo) hatA. A pramANe vidhavidha purAvAthI zrIyuta rAdhAkRSNajInA matathI paNa nisaMdeha kahI zakAya sAbita thaI zake che ke, bhUmaka, nahapANa, rAjupula tema che ke, prAcIna samaye mathurA jainadharmAnuyAyInuM ja i. sarve kSaharATa prajAnA saradAro hatA. vaLI A kendrasthAna hatuM; tethI ja mathurA enDa ITasa enTIprajA pite jainadharma pALatI hatI temAM temanA sikkA kavIjhanA AkhAye pustakamAM, jyAMne tyAM te ja khyAla cinhothI (juo pu. 2mAM sikkA varNana) tathA ApaNane AvyA kare che. A sarva hakIkatathI spaSTa nahapAnA zilAlekhothI (juo chaThThA paricchede, thaI jAya che ke prAcIna samayanAM mathurAnAM sarva nahapaNu-rUSabhadattanA lekhe) sAbita thAya che. A smArake jainadharmanAM ja che. tene zrAddha ke vaidikadharma sAthe AkhAye viSaya pu. 3, pR. 243-6 vistArapUrvaka carcA saMbaMdha nathI. je kAMI anyathA lAgatuM hoya te pharIne karIne ame puravAra paNa karI Ape che. have jyAre zedhI javAnI jarUriyAta che. anekavidha pramANathI sAbita thaI zake che ke, AkhI prazna (18):-sarasvatIdevInuM maheNuM-eka bhAInA kSaharATa prajA ja jainadharmAnuyAyI hatI tyAre, tenA nAme temaNe prazna uThAvyo che ke, "mULamAM te sarasvatI saradAra rAjuvulanI paTarANIe pratiSThita karela mathurA devInuM dhaDaja che te kapita mastaka ane jamaNa siMhastaMbha bauddhadharmanuM smAraka kema hoI zake ? eka ja hAthamAM mALA zI rIte AvI." A zaMkAmAM be uttara ApI zakAya tema che ke, jema atyArasudhI mudA samAyelA che; eka dhaDano ane bIje jamaNA

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uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo upara ] hAthamAMnI mALAneA; mALA vize eTalA ja khulAseA devAya ke, asala heAya te ja pramANe phATAgrAphamAM te utare. eTale temAM amArI kAMi bhUla thai naja kahevAya. dhaDa vize jaNAvavAnuM ke pu. 1mAM Acitraraju karAyuM che. tenI prastAvanAmAM pR. 41 upara citra paricayamAMja ame jaNAvI dIdhuM che ke, " citra maLyuM tyAre mAtra dhaDaja hatuM, paNa te samayanA devadevIonAM citra uparathI bAkInA bhAga citrakAra pAsethI upajAvI kADhaye che ' saMbhavita che ke temanA vAMcavAmAM A vAkya nahIM AvyuM hAya. prazna (19):-'aMgadezane dakSiNa hiMdamAM mAnavAmAM AvyA che. " A pramANe mArA taraphathI vidhAna thayAnuM pU. A ma. jaNAve che. (siMhAvalAkana, pra. pR. 14)tA pUchavA rajA lau chuM ke, A vidhAna meM kayA ThekANe karyuM che te maherabAnI karIne teozrI batAve ? ulaTa pAte jyAMne tyAM, aMgadezane pUrvAmAM ane tenI rAjadhAnI caMpAnagarIne dakSiNa dizAmAM AvyAnuM jaNAvatA AvyA che. prazna (20)H-lATadezanI rAjadhAnI kATivarSa hatI ? uttaramAM jaNAvavAnuM ke nIce pramrANe zloka jaina sAhityagraMthamAM lakhAyala mAlama paDe che. bhaMgyA mAsa purI vattAH zrAvastyA ca kuNAlakAH koTIvarSeNa lATAca zvetamyA ketakArddhakAH // 672 triii zahAjI pu. caritra (artha-bhaMgadeza, purIvartA pATanagara sAthene mAsadeza, zrAvastI pATanagarIvALAM kuNAladeza, kATIva pATanagara dharAvatA lAdeza ane zvetAMbikA nagarIvALA ketakArdaka deza) temaNe bahAra pADela aneka pustikAmAM uThAvela praznonA mukhyapaNe javAba ahIM purA thAya che. anya keTalAka prazno kAMtA rajI thayela uttarAmAM aMtargata thaI jAya che athavA tA keTalAka prazno siddhAMta (theories)nA karatAM, kevaLa hakIkata (details), khulAsA (explanations) ane dRSTAMtene (exa [ prAcIna mples) ja sparzatA dekhAyA che jethI tevAne ADI devA paDayA che. samagrarIte temaNe upADela carcAne jo avalAkIe tA sArarUpe mAtra eka prazna ja mAre pheravavA paDayA che (khUna kaiAnuM ? vatsapati udayananuM ke magadhapati udAyInanuM ?-ke jenuM ardhasatya te| meM svIkAreluM ja hatuM). bIjAe vize mAre mArA matane vaLagI rahevAnuM ja thayuM che, chatAM je eka meTA phAyadA thayA che te e ja ke, mane vizeSa sAvadha ane vadhAre ceAkasa thavAnI upayeAgitA mAlUma paDI che. uparAMta eTalA jarUra svIkAra karuM chuM ke, nIce varNavelA khAra deSA temaNe jo vajrayA hAMta tA, temanI pustikAo mane teA vizeSa upakAraka ja nIvaData. ATalI truTio chatAM, temaNe mArAM pustakaiA najara taLe kADhI javA je tasdI lIdhI che te mATe temanA upakAra mAnuM chuM. je bAra deje! mane lAgyA che te A pramANe cheH-- (1) mAruM lakhANa che ke khIjAnuM karela che, te samajyA vinA TIkA karI ayAkhyA ane AyuddhAjhaneA prazna. avataraNa ja che. dA. ta. (2) praznane na sparze tevI vigateAno carcA ubhI karI che. dA. ta. pANininI janmabhUminI carcAmAM pataMjalinI janmabhUminI vAta. (3) ekane eka graMthamAMthI, balke eka ja pRSThamAMthI, eka ja jAtanAM paNa judAM judAM vAkyA utAryA che. dA. ta. udayana vasatinA kumArate aMge tema ja khAravelane aMgenAM avataraNa jue. (4) AgaLa pAchaLane saMbaMdha vicAryA vinA vicAra pragaTa karyAM che dA. ta. vajrabhUmine prazna. (5) mArA lakhela vAkayeAmAMthI uttarArlR pUddha cheADI daine kAma lIdhuM che. dA. ta. caMpApurInA samayanA prazna. (6) meM raju karela dalIle| tapAsyA vinA ja peAtAnA maMtavyane kATale, mArA maMtavyanI tulanA karavA maMDI paDayA che eTale svAbhAvika che ke, bannenAM

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-- - - - - = = bhAratavarSa ] uThela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAe [ 3pa3 maMtavya ekatra naja thaI zake. dA. ta. gomaTezvara te bhAIne vinaMti che. rUSabhadatta ane nahapANu jenadhamAM ane caMpAnagarI, I. nI hakIkata. hatA. temaNe je prakAre dAna dIdhuM che te nimnalikhita (7) avataraNo yatheccha lAgu na paDatAM havA zabdothI khAtrI thaze ke temAM sAdhuo mATenAM annanI chatA, saMkhyAbaMdha utAryo gayA che. dA. ta. aMgadeza pUrva jogavAI karI che jene jaina paribhASAmAM rAjapIMka hiMdamAM Avela che ane tenI rAjadhAnI caMpA che. kahI zakAya che. mAre te vAta kayAM nAmaMjura che? paraMtu temanAM sthAna naM. 31ne lekha:-"Food to be procuvize spaSTatApUrvaka-aMgalinirdeza karatuM avataraNa te red for all monks without distinctions mAlama ja paDatuM nathI. vartamAna alhAbAdanI pUrvane koI paNa bheda vine ApavA mATe." saghaLA pradeza pUrvamAM kahI zakAya; pachI cokkasa sthAna kayAM batAvAyuM kahevAya? naM. 33no lekha -It records the gift (8) mAruM maMtavya na hovA chatAM, pitAnA kATale of a cave and certain endowments to te maMtavyane toLIne mAruM TharAvI dIdhuM che. te pachI support the monks living in it during te upara pite TIkA karye rAkhI che. dA. ta. azokane the rainy season=temAM eka guphAnuM tathA varSo urADI devAnI kalpanA: lATadezanI rAjadhAnI keTI Rtu daramyAna temAM rahetA sAdhuonA nibhAva mATenI varSanI mAnyatA I. rakamanuM dAna karyAnI nedha che. A [amAruM TIppaNa-vidvAnee "to support= (9) mAruM kahevuM zuM che tenI apekSA samajyA vinA ja utarI paDayA che. dA. ta. pANinine anAye nibhAvavAne" artha kapaDA ApavAno karyo che, temaNe dhamAM teone mAnyA che. ane tene lIdhe kaThina kahyo che. te tenI janmabhUmine aMge; nahIM ke tene ane "kazAnamULa" zabdanA . artha besAravA mathAmaNa vyakti tarIke. ema te vidvAnoe zaMga puSyamitrane karI che. paraMtu zAka tathA kSaharATa prajA jainadhyamAM paNa anArya kahyo che tenuM kema? (jIo uparamAM te prazna; hovAthI temaNe svadhAma sAdhuo mATe khorAkanI temAM to bALakavi purANa, harSa caritra ane ja, e. jogavAI karavA mATe (to support) dAna ApyAnuM che. ra. e so. I. I. ema cAra pAMca granthanA lekhavAnuM che. A pramANe artha besAravAthI badhI purAvA paNa ApyA che.) muzkelInuM nivAraNa thaI jaze.] (10) navI zakyatA ubhI karI prazna pUche hoya to tene paNa mAruM maMtavya TharAvI dIdhuM che. dA. ta. A uparAMta keTalIka carcA evA prakAranI che ke zAkaTAyana ane kAtyAyananI carcA. jene prazna tarIke na ja lekhAya chatAM tenA khulAsAnI (11) zAkaTAyananA samaya para zaMkA batAvIne AvazyakatA lAge che. te nIce pramANe jANavI. meM carcA upADI che, te temaNe zAkaTAyananI vyakti avaMtipatinI nAmAvaLI raju karatAM jaina sAhitya vize ja huM zaMkAmaya banyo chuM evuM vidhAna karI granthamAMnI traNa gAthA ApIne tenA artha je atyAra carcA upADI che. sudhI karavAmAM Ave che temAM pAMca sudhArA (prA. bhA. (12) je 23 niSNAtane paripatra mokalyo che pu. 1, pR. 202 thI 210) sUcavyo che te upara temAM mArI dalIle jaNAvyA vinA ja uttara meLa- eka vidvAne potAnA vicAra jaNAvatAM kahyuM che ke, vavA prayAsa sevya dekhAya che. AdhAra eka ja hovA chatAM nirNaya judA judA. A prazna (21):-rUSabhadattanA jamAnAmAM jaina sAdhu- TIkAne javAba, pu. 4 nI prastAvanAmAM mR. 10 ee rAjapIMDa lIdho hato ke kema tenA purAvA mATe eka upara, ekane eka ja purAvAo upara kevI rIte judI bhAIe pUchayuM che. pu. 5 mAM pR. 117-19 sudhI nAsika vAdI kerTanA vidvAna nyAyAdhIsa eka bIjAthI virUddha naM. 31, 32-33nA lekha pragaTa karela che te jovA jatA cukAdA Ape che te sthiti upara dhyAna kheMcyuM 45.

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354 ] uThela carcAnA ane praznanA khulAsAe [ prAcIna hatuM. vizeSamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, ItihAsamAM paNa AvA sAdhana ane paradezI vijetAonA prAcIna itihAsa kissAo aneka maLI Ave che. dA. ta. hAthIguMphA- kathanane AdhAre je ze karI che te ApaNuM ja lekhanI paMkti 11 mAM tamara zabda che (juo pu. dezanA dharmapurANa graMthonI kasoTIe caDAvI javAnI 4, pR. 300. TI. naM. 79) teno temaja zilAlekha jarUra che. Do. tribhuvanadAsanA prAcIna bhAratavarSanA naM. 17 (uparamAM pR. 107 thI 110) mAM kArdamaka graMthe e dizAmAM thatuM kArya che ema mane lAge che. kaTuMbanI rAjaputrI je zAtakaraNi vere paraNAvavAmAM te taddana nirdoSa nathI e huM svIkAruM chuM, pitAnI AvI che tene, artha kevI rIte ghaTAvAyo che, te gaNatrIo, anumAne, mAnyatAo ane zodho saMpUrNa jovAthI khAtrI thAze che ke vastu eka hovA chatAM doSarahita hovAnuM e saMzodhaka bhAI pite paNa kahetA aneka artha ghaTAvI zakAya che. nathI.ItihAsanA viSayamAM temane zabda chelle che bAkI te be vidvAnoe pitAnA vicAre che ema kahevAne temane dAvo nathI... potAnA saMzozabdomAM vyakta karyA che ane je pramANe kharI vastu dhana, mAnyatAo ane anumAnonA AdhAre temaNe sthiti pravartI rahI che temanAja zabdomAM jaNAvIza. darzAvyA che. paraMtu temanA kathananA samIkSake je vAraMvAra uma mAsIkanA, 1937 mArca pR. 212 upara bIjA saMzodhakonA ane lekhakanA AdhAre Ape prAxbhA.nuM avalokana letAM tenA vidvAna samIkSake aMtamAM che te badhA jANe saMpUrNa siddha nirNaya ja hoya jaNAvyuM che ke, "prastuta graMthathI zarU thayelI carcA evuM darzAvavAmAM bhUla kare che. evAM saMzAdhane chevajhIlI laIne navI prApta thayelI dizAmAM vidvAna TanA nirNayo na hoI zake ema chaeN. tribhuvanadAse pitAnI zodhakhoLanuM lakSya deravaze tApaNa De. zAhane potAnA pustakamAM ghaNe sthaLe kahyuM che. ane saMzeprayAsa dhanya banaze ne bhAratavarSanA itihAsanA tUTelA dhita nirNayano pratipakSa paNa temaNe ghaNuM banAvonA maMkoDAne eka navI keDI prApta thaze." temanA Azayane saMbaMdhamAM raju karyo che... khAsa karIne jayAre pAzcAtya maLatuM ja paraMtu vizeSa spaSTapaNe ane vistArathI saMzodhakanA nirNayone ApaNA dharma-purANu graMthanAM ItihAsarasika nAmanA takhallusathI eka vidvAne. kathAnA prakAzamAM kasI jovAnI vadhAre jarUra che muMbainA prakhyAta sAptAhika "dhI gujarAtI mAM tyAre te A prakAranAM saMzodhane, nirNayo. carcAo tA. 16-5-77nA aMkamAM pR. 782 upara pitAnuM I. ne itihAsa mATenuM maMthana kArya ja mAnavuM joIe. maMtavya jAhera karatAM lakhyuM che ke "prAcIna saMzodhakoe e ItihAsanAM prakAzamAM jUnA saMzAdhane pharIthI pitAne je kAMI maLyuM te uparathI tAraNa karI potAnI tapAsavAmAM AvavAM ja joie ane evI tapAsa dhAne itihAsane nAme ThokI besADI che-svataMtra karavAne "prAcIna bhAratavarSa" kArane yatna AdaraNIya aitihAsika saMzodhana mATe hajI bahoLuM kSetra paDeluM che. che... evA eka zramasAdhita kAryane pUrvagrahathI baMdhAIne pAzcAtya saMze dhakee sikolekha ItyAdi bhAratIya nahIM paNa vizALa dRSTithI samabhAve jovuM joIe." pa. je je carcAo mArI najare paDI che tenAM kayeja jaIe chIe tema A kArya meM upADayuM khulAsA vyavahArika rIte atra pUrA thAya che. eTale hatuM ane pUruM karyuM che. sAmAnya niyama e che ke te upara mArA vicAro sAmAnyapaNe raju karIne bAdazA chi sAdarA " eTale ja Isapha basamAM A khulAsA ApavAnuM prakaraNa samApta karIza. varNavelI "citAro ane jAdugara"vALI vArtAmAMnA manuSyanI ja bhUla thAya che. pazupaMkhInI thatI ja nathI. eTale ke manuSyamAtra bhUlane pAtra che. temAM vaLI citArAo jema potAnI sarvAMgasuMdara kRtine eka graMtha lakhavAno A mAro prathama prayAsa hAIne ghaNI moTA zaheranA bharabajAramAM jAhera prajAne truTio ane kSatio rahI gaI haze. jema zarbha abhiprAya meLavavA be divasa sudhI mUkI hatI. prathama kAryomAM aneka muzkelIo AvatAM chatAM te pUruM divase evA zerA sAthe ke, "jene jyAM khAmI lAge

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uDela carcAnA ane praznonA khulAsAo bhAratavarSa ] "" tyAM zAhInuM eka TapakuM karavuM " ane khIje divase evA zerA sAthe ke "jene je bhAga sArAmAM sArA lAge tyAM zAhInuM TapakuM karavuM " ane banne divasanA zerA, ekabIjAthI taddana ulaTI dizAnA sUcita hai|vA chatAM, banne divasanuM pariNAma tA eka dhArUM ja nIvaDyuM hatuM; ke AkhIe chabI kALI zAhInA eka citrapaTa jevI banI gai hatI. tema mArA pustakane nihALatAM paN saMbhavita che ke, kadAca e ja prakAranuM pariNAma Ave. kemake, jyAM viSaya ja evA levAyala che ane, AkhAye pustakamAM atyAra sudhI cAlI AvatI mAnyatAone kAMtA taddana uthalAvI nAMkhavAmAM AvI che athavA teA vadhatA ochA aMze navIna svarUpa ja apAyaluM che, tyAM vAcakAe pAtAnAM pUrvabaddha maMtavyeAne AdhAre mArAM vidhAne kasI na jotAM, jema kArTamAM nyAyAdhizo pote, game teTaluM ane game tevuM, vRttapatromAM vAMcyuM hAya ke peAtAnA mitramaMDaLamAMthI sAMbhaLyuM hAya chatAM te sarve bhUlI ja-with `a clear state of mind-peAtAnI samakSa je jubAnI paDe che tathA carcAo ane dalIlA karAya che te upara ja kevaLa vicAra karIne AkhA mukadamA sArAsAra tAravI kADhe che, tema vAcakagaNane mAre vinaya ane vinayabhAve eTalI ja prArthanA karavAnI ke temaNe paN, AgaluM pAchaluM sarva bhUlI jaI, . je vicAre ane dalIlA meM rajI kayA hAya, te uparathI ja peAtAnA nirNayA khAMdharaze. kahevata che ke, lADumAM keTalA lATa, ghI ke gALa nAMkhyA, ke kema taiyAra karavAmAM AvyeA tenI kaDAkuTamAM na utaratAM lADu khAvAnI sAthe ja ApaNe kAma rAkhIe chIe ane te kharAkhara ganyA thayeA che yA nahi te uparathI tenA tAla kADhIe chIe, tema siddhAMtA rajI karavAnI mArI pati, carcA karavAnI rIta ke dalIle| tALI javAnI zailI tarapha dhyAna na ApatAM, pariNAma vyAjabI che ke nahIM; eTale ke, je siddhAMta (theory) meM pratipAdita karavA prayatna karyo che te kharAkhara che ke nahIM, te ja temaNe tapAsavuM rahe che. ane mane hiMmata che temaja mArA manadevatA sAkSI pUre che ke, jyAre samayanI gaNatrIe ja mukhya bhAge ma kAma lIdhuM che tathA jema gaNitanA eka dAkhale pUrNa thayA khAda, tenA tALA meLavatAM jo badhuM yathA [ 355 "" sthita dekhAya che te tenA pariNAma vize seAe sA TakA te khare| hAvAnI ja khAtrI rahe che, tema meM paNa mArA siddhAMtA meLavI joyela hAvAthI te kharA heAvAnA mane saMtApa anubhavAya che. chatAM A vibhAge AdimAM TAMkelI ukita pramANe " manuSya mAtra bhUlane pAtra che ane tethI ja kAipaNa manuSya peAtAnA dmastha jJAnane aMge paripUrNa hAvAnA dAvA karI zakatA nathI. teTalA mATe, temaja A graMthalekhananA mULa Azaya mArA abhyAsavRttine ja hAte, bhale pU. A. ma. zrI IndravijayasUrijIne tathA temanA sahAyaka zrIyuta kRtecaMdane mArA maMtavyeA jaina saMpradAyanI keTalIka cAlu mAnyatAthI viparitapaNe lAgavAthI, jaineAnI AgevAna gaNAtI saMsthA nAme che. mU. kAnpharansa epIsanuM A khAbata temaNe dhyAna doryuM che, tema huM paNa sAmeA cAlI AvIne, te saMsthAne temaja zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhIne vinaMti karUM chuM ke, te kAi vyakti athavA samiti nImIte, mArAM pustakAnI samIkSA karAve tathA mane rUbarUmAM khelAvI mArA vicArA ane dalIlo sAMbhaLavAnI jogavAi utarAve. te ja pramANe anya vidvAnavarga tathA gujarAta varnAkayulara seAsATI, gujarAtI sAhitya sabhA, kArabasa sabhA, gujarAta rIcarsa insTITayuTa ane dhI mee yunIvarsITI, jevI A viSayamAM rasa lai rahelI saMsthAone paNa savinayaM vinaMti che ke, jyAre huM temanAmAMnA ja eka kSullaka ane bALaabhyAsI chuM tyAre te paNa, mane temaja mArAM pustakAne, tapAse ane jyAM jyAM khAmI, trUTi ke apUrNatA mAlUma paDe tyAM tyAM te sudharAve; ane bhAratavarSanA itihAsane je anyAya atyAra sudhI thaI rahyo che. tene nirmULa prakAzita thayA AMda, eka varSa sudhImAM eTale ke karavAmAM peAtAnA hissA pUrAve. A mArI vinaMti 1941nA DIseMmbaranI 31 sudhImAM jo te jhIlavAmAM nahIM Ave, te me' pratipAdita karela siddhAMtA vyAjakhI che ema mAnI laI, duniyAne jAhera karatA rahuM te tene bALaceSTA ke dhRSNA nahI lekhavAmAM Ave evI umeda dharAvuM chuM. paramAtmA mane sahAya kare te icchA sAthe viramuM chuM. li. vidyopAsaka tribhuvanadAsa la. zAhu

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3pa6 ] [ prAcI samayAvaLI samajUti - (1) dareka banAvanuM varNana kayA pAne che te batAvavA teno AMka sAthe Ave che. chUTa AMka te vAcananA pRSThasUcaka che. kaisano AMka te TIkAnA pRSThasUcaka che. (ra) jyAM eka ja banAvanI be sAla jANavAmAM AvI che tyAM vizeSa mAnanIya lAgI te ahIM jaNAvI che, ane zaMkAzIla lAgI te kaeNsamAM jaNAvI che. ' (3) jenI sAla aMdAjI gaNIne mAtra goThavI dIdhI che te mATe () AvI nIzAnI mUkI che. I. sa. pU. ma. saM. pU. banela banAva tathA A pustakamAM tenuM sthAna 6.00 Azare azvamedha karAtA hatA 78. 600 77 buddhadevane janma 300. 582-3 55-4 rAjA zreNike, kumArAvasthAmAM beeka varSa benAtaTanagare gALyA hatA 72, 226. 580-pa28 53-2 zreNikane rAjyakALa 297. pa71 44-5 buddhadevano saMsAratyAga 300. 568 mahAvIre (trIsa varSanI uMmare) dIkSA lIdhI 313. 565 8 buddhadeve (36 varSanI uMmare) prathama upadeza dIdho 300. 557-6 vatsapati zatAnike caMpA upara hale karI, tene lUMTI tathA bhAMgI 326. mahAvIrane (4ra varSanI uMmare) kevaLajJAna utpanna thayuM. 313; zrImahAvIre caturvidha saMghanI sthApanA karI 314. 543 16 buddhadevanuM nirvANa-jJAnaprApti, 298, 300, 301 (541 bhUlathI : pa44, 301 326) pa28 ajAtazatrunuM gAdIe AvavuM. 297, 303, 326. pa27-6 0 mahAvIranuM nirvANu-zvetAMbara digaMbara mate-297 300, 326. para0 7 ma. saM. buddhadevanuM maraNa-(parinirvANa) 297-300. para-482 7-thI 4pa sinapati vijayano zAsanakALa 303. 556 0 =38 varSa i. pU. pAMcamI chaThThI sadI 500 Azare pAMcamI sadI 482 482-1 481-51 =30 varSa - AMdha zabda vaparAto thayela che. (. resananA mate) 4pa. benAtaTanI jAherajalAlI hatI 7ra. jAtakakathAmAM AMdhranuM varNana Ave che. 48, (48) airiyabrAhmaNa nAmanA graMthanI racanA thaI hatI 3. kadaMba prajanI utpatti 257. silanapati vijayanuM maraNa 303. 45-6 eka varSa sudhI silenamAM rAjAvihoNuM rAjaya 303. 46-76 silenamAM pAMDuvAsanuM rAjya 303. 480 rAjA muMda magadhapati thI 298.

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bhAratavarSa ] 472-456 55-71 naMda pahelAnA samaya 53. =16 varSa 472-37255-155 ekaseA varSa sudhI naMdavaMza cAlye) 298. 100 varSa 402 460 459 456 454 451 55 zizunAga vaMzanA aMta 298. 7 e 1 456-42871-99 73 76 76-96 samayAvaLI 100 427-414 100-113 =13 varSa 425 451-431 =20 varSa 434 Azare 93 gautamIputra yajJazrI (bIjo AMdhrapati)nA janma 147. 431-368 96-159 sileAnamAM paMkuDakanuM rAjya cAlyuM 303. =64 varSa 429 429-393 =36 varSa 427 102 zrImukhanA pitA-mAtAnuM lagna 139 (45thI 450 sudhI; 53) (457; para) (464; 139). zrImukhane janma 139 (458; (63). naMdivardhana urphe naMda pahelAnuM maraNu 139. naMda khIjAneA rAjyakALa 13. [ 357 98 khAravelanA rAjyanA AraMbha 23, 75, (141) 98-134 karliMgapati khAravelaneA samaya 62, 147, 150, 318 (vidrAnAnA mate-188 jue te sAle). zrImukhe potAnA AMdhra vaMzanI sthApanA karI 9, (9), 23, 41, 45, para, 139, 172, 137, 142. naMda bIjAnuM maraNa, 68, 137, 138, 140, 153 (429; 54) rAjA khAravele zrImukha upara caDAi karI tene harAvyeA, 8, (141), 150. AMdhrapatinI gAdI peMThamAM thaI 172, 174 zrImukhaneA rAjyakALa, 39, 66, 147, 318 (vidyAneAnA mate 188; jue te sAle) zrIkRSNa (zrImukhatA bhAi)nA janma, 139, 146, 157 (456; (63). sileAnapati pAMDuvAsanuM maraNu 303. sileAnapati rAjA abhayanA zAsanakALa 303. khAravele rASTrikA tathA bAjakAne jItI lIdhA 150; khAravele raeNvA-buMdelakhaMDavALA pradeza naMda pAsethI jItI lIdhA 154. AMdhrapationA kuLadharma jaina hatA 81. 427 thI 100 thI 230sudhI 297 sudhI 416 111 khAravele peAtAnA rAjye 13mA varSe mahAvijaya prAsAda baMdhAvye 7ra. (mahAvijayanA-amarAvatIneA kharA samaya-pAMcamI sadI 308, (247) 417-15 110-112 magadhapati bRhaspatimitra urphe naMda AThamAnA samaya 318 ( vidyAtAnA maDhe 188-jue te sAthe), 147. =2 varSa 415-772 112-155 navamA naMdanA samaya 53, 62; navamA naMda gAdIe beThA 415mAM, 138, (154) =43 varSa 150, 151.

Page #385
358 ]. samayAvaLI [ prAcIna 417 khAravele bahaspatimitra magadhapatine harAvyo (185) 415 112 navamA naMdanA rAjya rAjyakrAMti thaI 171. AMdhrapatioe gAdI pheravI 74 (moDAmAM moDI 347) (vidvAnonA mate 114). juo te sAle. naM. 4 AMdhrapatinA samaye rAjagAdI amarAvatImAM laI javAmAM AvI 414thI 360 sudhImAM, u1. 414-083 113-144 gautamIputra yajJazrI (naM. 2 AMdhrapati)ne rAjyakALa, 39, 62, 150, rara0. =31 varSa 414 113 gautamIputra yajJazrI gAdIe Avyo 151. rAjA khAravelane hAthIguMphAvALA lekha ketarAvAyo 130. ' 413thI390 114thI137naM. 2 AMdhrapati svataMtra rahyo 66. (392 sudhI svataMtra hato 62). =23 varSa 397 130 caMdragupta mairyano janma 153, 156. 393 rAjA khAravelanuM maraNa 150, 151 ane vakragrIvanA amalanI zarUAta. (32; 62, 73). trIjI ane nI vacce aMdha zabdanuM astitva thayuM samajAya che 45. chaThThI sadI 394 133 maitamIputra yajJazrInuM rANI nAganikA sAthe lagna 151. 393thI372 134thI155 kaliMgapati vakragrIvano zAsanakALa 150. =21 varSa. 394-ka 133-4 gautamIputra yajJazrIe madhyaprAMta tathA birAra jItI lIdho 151. 39-2 134-5 gautamIputra yajJazrI nijhAmI rAjyavALo bhAga jItI lIdhe 151. , revA buMdelakhaMDavALA pradeza kaliMgapati pAsethI jItI lIdho 154. 392 135 zaitamIputra ane rANI nAganikAnA jayeSThaputra (mallikazrI vasatazrI)ne janma * 146, 148, 151. 39rathI760 135thI167 A batrIsa varSamAM kaliMgamAM rAjyakrAMti thaI hatI 171. 390 137 gautamIputra yajJazrI ane rANI nAganikAnA nAnA putrane janma 146, 148, 159, 390thI383 10thI144 gautamIputra yajJazrI (naM. 2. AMdhrapati) navamAM naMdane khaMDiyA rahyA 66. =7 varSa 287 autamIputra yajJazrIno chinnAne zilAlekha naM. 20; 130. 385-4 142-3 autamIputra yajJazrI pAsethI navamAnaMde revAbudelakhaMDa pAcho jItI lIdho 154. 384 143 navamAnaMde gautamIputra yajJazrIne harAvyA 63. autamIputra yajJazrInuM maraNa; 146, 147 (383; 152, 153), (382; 159). 384-3 143-4 vasatazrI navamAnaMdanA khaMDiyA tarIke 154 (383-82; 39, 66) 381; 10 mAsa rAjya cAlI baMdha thayuM 152, 153.) 382thI373 145-154 zrIkRSNa pahele (naM. 3 AMdhrapati)no samaya 39, 157 (383thI373H 63, =10 382thI372.66, 383-2; 154; navamAnaMde zrIkRSNane pakSa laI madada karI 155,

Page #386
bhAratavarSe ] 383 382 144 145 381-358 146=169 caMdraguptamauryanA zAsanakALa. 299 =24 varSa 373 154 373thI3 17 154thI =56 varSa 210 302 155 372thI357 155thI =15 varSa 170 371thI357 156thI =14 varSa 170 301 156 368 360 358 350 zrI bhadrAhu jainAcAryanA samaya (102), 160, je dAna rANInAganikAe 383mAM dIdhuM hatuM tene nAnAdhATavALA zilAlekha kAtarAvAyA 90, 126 (vidrAnAnA mate tenA samaya ceAthI sadI (93). 370Azare 157 naM. 4neA putra, khilADInA AkAravALA AgaLA paDavAthI mRtyu pAmyA. 160, 163. 369thI3 64 158-163 naM. 5mA AMdhrapati pUrNAtsaMganA janma 164. 368thI309 1pa9thI silonamAM musATIvanuM rAva 303 =5 varSe 218 159 167 169 170 357-312 17thI =45 varSe 215 samayAvaLI [ 359 rANI nAganikAe dAna dIdhuM (nAnAdhATanA lekha) 90, 126 (juo 371nI sAlai) caMdragupte mAryavaMzanI sthApanA karI, 112, 153, 298, 299 (381 nAnakaDA rAjyanA svAmI banyA 298, 158; caMdragupte AsapAsane mulaka jItI laI rAjyanI jamAvaTa karI 381-372=9 varSa sudhI 158.) 352 350 AsapAsa 347 AMdhrapati zrIkRSNanA rAjyane aMta (63), 146 (372, 157) naM. 4 AMdhrapati mallikazrI zAtakaraNanA rAjyakALa 39 (371-317 =54 varSa. 160). naMdavaMzanA aMta 298; caMdragupta maiAryasamrATa banyA (63), 153, 298. naM. 4 AMdhrapati mairya caMdraguptanA khADiyA rahyA 66. 347thI317 180 thI =30 varSa 210 350thI344 170thI =13 varSa 183 105 azAkanA janma 302. 177 cAlukyajIe vAnaprastha lIdhuM 161, 162. mallikazrIe (naM. 4 AMdhrapati) AsapAsa dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhA 162. 180 sileAnapati paikuDakanuM maraNu 303 cedivaMzanA aMta 73. samrATa caMdragupte dIkSA lIdhI 160; caMdraguptanA rAjyanA aMta 162, 298, 299. jainAcArya bhadrabAhunuM svargagamana 160. jainAcAya` sthUlabhadrajInA samaya (102). naM. 4 AMdhrapati samrATa biMdusAranA khaMDiyA ratho 66. biMdusAra rAjye rAjakrAMti 172. biMdusAra rAjye khaLavA karI dakSiNamAM keTalAMka rAjyeA svataMtra thayAM 73. mallikazrI svataMtra banyA 161. mallikazrIe rAjagAdI amarAvatImAM pheravI (eka gaNutrIe) 172 ( khIjI gaNutrIe meDAmAM moDI amarAvatImAM gAdI pheravI 74; juo 415-14nI sAthe). mallikazrI svataMtra rahyA 161 (344thI 318=26 varSa 66; 345 thI 340 sudhImAM mallikazrIe svataMtra thavA prayatna karyo 64.)

Page #387
360 ] samayAvatI [ prAcIna 33thI 18 197thI mallikazrI zAtakaraNi samrATa azokane samakAlIna rahyA 64. =12 varSa 209 330 197 biMdusAranuM maraNa 301, biMdusAranA rAjyane aMta ra99; saoNkeTasa gAdIe 33thI326 197-201 azoka gAdIpati 301 [[ beTho 301 330thI289 197-238 azoka vardhanane rAjyakALa 165, 167, 299, 301, 304, 305 (vidvAnonA =41 varSa mate 273 thI 232; juo te sAla nIce) 327 200 alekjhAMDara dhI greITa hida upara caDI Avyo 165, 291, 296, 298, 299 326 201 alekjhAMDara sAthe yuddha ra97. ane rAjyAbhiSeka 301 vidvAnonA mate 269-juo te sAle) 320thI302 201- azokavardhana samrATa tarIke 301. =24 varSe 225 325-322 202-205 vidvAnonA mate mauryavaMzanI sthApanA 297. 325-301 202-226 athavA(322 athavA 298)=24 205-229 vidvAnonA mate caMdragupta mauryavaMzano samaya, 297. 323 alekjhAMDara dhI greITanuM maraNa 165, 299. 318 209 azokanA bhAI tiSya (vidvAnoe tistA nAma ApyuM che)nuM maraNa 303. (vidvAnonA mate 264mAM, juo te sAla) 31thI 210- naM. 5 AMdhrapati pUrNatsaMgano-1 mAharIputrane-rAjyakALa 39, 164, =18 varSa 228 165 (318-299; 66). 317 210 malikazrInuM maraNa 159; AsapAsa naM. 5 AMdhrapati (pUrNasaMge) e piThamAMthI amarAvatImAM gAdI pheravI (eka gaNatrIe) 172, 174 (vaLI juo 414-15 ane 347 nI sAla) 313 214 azoka rAye 10mA varSe trIjI baiddha pariSada; maheMdra ane saMghamitrAnI dIkSA ane saMdhane laMkA taraphanI vidAya 165. 31 sudhImAM 215sudhI naM. 5 mADharIputre dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhuM 166, 168. 312-282 215-245 jainAcArya mahAgirino samaya (12) =30 varSa 309 218 silanapati muTAzIvanuM maraNa 303 mADharIputra (naM. 5 AMdhrapati)no kaherIno zilAlekha 127. 30thI303 218-224 silenamAM arAjakatA 303. 305 304 222 223. selyukasa nikeTaranI hiMda upara caDAI ra97. saMyukasa nikeTare azokavardhana sAthe suleha karI, 165, 167, 299; nikeTare pitAnI putrI azAkane paraNAvI 301, 305; megesthenIjhanI elacI tarIke pATaliputramAM nimaNUka 168; megelvenI AMdhrapatinA sainyabaLanI gaNatrI ryAnI noMdha 168 (megesthenIjhanuM hiMdamAM AvavuM 303; 297).

Page #388
bhAratavarSa ] samayAvaLI [ 361 304-ka 223-4 samrATa priyadarzinane janma 303. 303thIra67 224-260 cinAI zahenazAha zihuvAMgane rAjakALa 305; (vidvAnonA matathI =36 varSa 246 thI 210; 304). 703thI63 224-260 silanapati hissAne zAsana samaya 303. 302thI 289 225-238 azokavardhana rIjaTa tarIke 32. =13 varSa 301thI 273 22-254 vidvAnonA matathI samrATa biMdusArane samaya ra97 (kharA samaya; 358-330 juo te sAla). 300thI250 227-277 sAIrininA rAjA megasane rAjyakALa 302. 290thI285 228-24ra naM. 6 AMdhrapati rAjA skaMdhastaMbhane zAsanakALa 40, 179, 176, 20 =14 varSa (athavA eka varSa AgaLa pAchaLa paNa karI zakAze); (naM. 5 AMdhrapati mADharI putranuM maraNa 299mAM, 65): naM. 6 AMdhrapati svataMtrapaNe 66, 65. 300 227 mADharIputra IkvAkune jaggayA peTa-stUpane lekha 131. 290 237 azoke priyadarzinane rAjyalagAma seMpI 65. (priyadarzinane samaya 289-275 =54 varSa 167, 30, 305) azokanA rAjyano aMta 289, 301, 302 ane priyadarzina gAdIe Avyo 179. 290thI284 237-243 priyadarzine uttara tathA dakSiNa hiMda jItI lIdhA 17ka. 28thI270 238-257 azokanI nivRtti 32. 285thI247242thI 280 IjIptane rAjA turUmaya 302. 285-4 242-3 chaThThA AMdhrapatinI svataMtratA priyadarzine harI lIdhI 65; ane tenI putrIne (athavA naM. 7nI bahenane) paraNyo 184; (285 thI 28104 varSa naM. 6 AMdhrapati, priyadarzinane khaMDiyo 66; 284thI 280=4 varSa 65; 28-1 sudhInA traNa varSanA gALAmAM te khaMDiye banyo 179). 284thI82 243-45 priyadarzina ane AMdhrapatinAM be ke traNa yuddho thayAM 180 (paheluM yuddha 284nA aMte ane bIjuM yuddha 283nI AdimAM). 283() 244(1) kumAra tivaranuM (ke tenI mAtA rANI cArUvAkInuM) maraNa 180. 28raAdi 24Adi naM. 6 AMdhrapatinuM maraNa 18; ne. 7vALe gAdIe beThe 180 (ra81, 184) 28thI25 245-302 ne 7 AMdhrapatine rAjyakALa 40. =56 varSa 28rathIra35 245-292 jenAcArya suhastione (samrATa priyadarzinanA gurUna) samaya (12); (281=47 varSa 235=46 varSa) (80) 28rabAda 245bAda saurASTranA sUbA zAlizuke sudarzana taLAva samarAvyuM 180. 281 246 samrATa priyadarzinanuM, naM. 7 AMdhrapati-kaliMgapati sAthenuM, kaliMganI bhUmi uparanuM yuddha 179. 281thI36 246-291 naM. 7 AMdhrapati samrATa priyadarzinane khaMDiyo rahyo 65, 66; (280; 168) 280 247 zailI-jAgaDAnA lekhane samaya 167,

Page #389
36 ] samayAvALI [ prAcIna 20thI32 254thIra95 vidvAnonA mate azokano samaya 297 (juo 330thI289nI sAla). =jA 28thI271 247-256 samrATa priyadarzinanI ANa dakSiNa hiMda upara cAlu hatI ja 167. 200-262 247-265 siriyAnA rAjA enTikano rAjyakALa 302, 278 249 cinAI rAjA zihuvAMga pote zahenazAha banyo 305. 275Asa. 25raAsa. pataMjaline janma 184. 276 251 priyadarzine potAnA rAjya 14mA varSe nepALanI prathama mulAkAta lIdhI 305: 276thI239 251thI88mesiDonIyAne rAjA enTIganasa uSe eNTikinI 302. 27rathIra 55 255thI272 epAIrasano rAjA alekjhAMDara 302. 273 thI 254 thI vidvAnonA mate azokanuM rAjya 304 (juo 370nI sAla) 24ra (?) 285 (?) 27ra-1 255-6 jagaprakhyAta cinAI divAla baMdhAI rahI 305. 270 256 azokanuM maraNa 302, 305 (269, 301); (271 sudhI azoka jIvato hato 178), (vidvAnonA mate azokanuM maraNa 232; juo te sAla); maisura rAye priyadarzinanA khaDaka lekhano samaya 303; priyadarzine pitAnA rAjya 20mA varSe nepALanI bIjI vAra mulAkAta lIdhI 305. 269 258 vidvAnonA mate azAkane rAjyAbhiSeka 297 (juo 326nI sAla) 264 263 vidvAnonA mate azokanA bhAI tissAnuM maraNa 303 (juo 318nI sAla) silonapati tissAnuM maraNa 303. 263-253 264 thI silAnapati rAjA uttiyano samaya 303. =10 varSa 274 262 265 Arya suhastionuM (priyadarzinanA gurUnuM) paTadhara nimAvuM 298. 261 266 vidvAnonA mate priyadarzinanuM kaliMganuM yuddha thayuM hatuM 297 (juo 281nI sAla). 246-210 281 thI vidva: kAnA mate cinAI zahenazAha zihuvAMgane samaya 304 (kharo samaya =36 317 303 thI 267 juo tyAM). 236 291 samrATa priyadarzinanuM maraNa 78 184; (ra37, 14). 236 rtha 22 291 302 - 9 adhapati svataMtra kahyo 65, 66. * 3 ke 1. 1 - 41 2 376 je. suka baddha ane su sthatane ekatra samaya (1023. =84 varSa 232 295 vidvAnonA mate samrATa azokanuM moju 27 (khare samaya 270 juote sAla). 230 naM. 7 AMdhrapatie pataMjalinA netRtvamAM prathama azvamedha karyo 184. naM. 7 AMdhrapatie vRSabhasena avaMtipatine harAvI pitAne khaMDiye banAvyo ane pote dakSiNamAM AvI pahoMcyo 185, (185).

Page #390
bhAratavarSa ] samayAvaLI . [ 363 rarathI25 ra90thI30ra naM. 7 prapati sArvabhauma tarIke jIvaMta rahe 66. 227 300 avaMtipati vRSabhasenanuM maraNa 185.. 226 301 avaMtimAM bIjo azvamedha karI ne. 7 AMdhrapatie zilAlekha 9mo karyo 185; sAMcI staMbha racA 248. 226thI188 301thI339 zugavaMzI puSyamitrane sattAsamaya 147. =38 varSa rara... 302 naM. 7 AMdhrapatinuM maraNa 185, 186; tenI gAdIe naM. 8 AMdhrapati tarIke laMbedara Avyo 186. 225thI207302thI30 naM. 8 AMdhrapati baMdarane rAyakALa 40. =18 varSa 221 306 vidvAnonA matathI zihuvAMga (pitAnA rAjya 25mA varSe) cinane zahenazAha banyo tathA cinAI divAla baMdhAvavA mAMDI. 304 (juo 27ra-1nI sAla). 207thI 195 320thI332 naM. 9vALA AMdhrapatino sattAkALa 40. =12 varSa raja 323 zuMgavaMzI rAjAonA zirethI "bhRtyunuM kalaMka bhUMsAyuM 19. agnimitranuM mAlavikA sAthe lagna 4; agnimitre vidarbha jItyuM (190; Azare 70) 195 332 rAjA Apilaka (naM. 9 AMdhrapati)nuM maraNa 3 naM. 10 AMdhrapatinA rAjyane AraMbha (196; 194). 195thI183 332thI344naM. 10vALA AMdhrapati rAjA AvinuM rAjya 40. =12 varSa 192thI151 33 pathI376 jainAcArya kAlikasUri-sthAmAcAryane samaya (80), 186, 185, (195; =41 varSa pajavaNukAra (keTalAkanA mate I. sa. pU.131 sudhI te samaya laMbAyo gaNAya che). 199(Azare) 37 agnimitre vidarbha jItyuM ha0 (juo 196nI sAla). 188 339 puSyamitrane samaya vidvAnonA mate 147, 148, 318; vidvAnonA mate khAravelane (juo 42thI393 nIce) tathA zrImukhane (juo 427-414 nIce) ane magadhapati bRhaspatimitra (juo 41pathI412) samaya 18. 183thI145344thI382naM. 11 vALA AMdhrapati medasvAti pahelAnuM rAjya 40. = 38 varSa 182 345 azvamedha yajJa agnimitre karyo tathA adrita bhAvanAne nAza (142). zuMgabhatya zabda A samaya sudhI vaparAzamAM rahyo gaNuya (142). 180 347 puSyamitrane samaya 75; 180 (Azare) pataMjalinuM maraNa (184). vidvAnonA mate amarAvatI stUpane samaya 308 (khare samaya 416 juo). I. sa. pU. bIjI sadImAM pataMjali mahAbhASyakAra thayA 59. 175 35ra eka graMthakartAnA mata pramANe pataMjalinuM maraNa (18); (180nI sAla juo). 159 368 kSaharATa saMvatanI Adi thaI hatI 119, 269. 16thI I.sa. AMdhrapatioe pharIne jainadharmane rAjadharma tarIke apanAvyo 81, 80 sudhI

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364 ] samayAvaLI [ prAcIna 15ra 375 jainAcArye (kAlikasUrie) te vakhatanA AMdhrapatine jainadhama banAvyo 81. AMdhrapatio 150 sudhI vaidikamatAnuyAyIo hatA 196. 151 thI 74 376thI453 jainAcArya IMdradisUrine samaya (102). =37 varSa 145thI116 38rathI411naM. 12 AMdhrapati saudAsanuM rAjaya 40, 200. =29 varSa 118, 117 409, 410 rUSavadArane nAzikane lekha naM. 33; 131; rUSavadAre nAsika jIllAmAM kAMIka tathA 114 tathA 413 dAna dIdhuM che (118-13=pa varSamAM 216). 117 410 rANI baLazrIno saMbhavita janma 211; (maraNa I. sa. pU. 26, umara 40 varSa). 116thI113 411-414 naM. 13 AMdhrapati medasvAti bIjAnuM rAjya 41. - = 3 varSa 114 thI 52 41thI475 rUSavadAranI haiyAtI samajAya che 245. 114 413 nahapANe AMdhrapati upara jIta meLavI 71; vidvAnonA mate AMdhrapatioe gAdInuM sthAna pheravyuM, 74, 170 (kharo samaya 415 juo); nahapANa tathA rUSavadAranuM AMdhrapati sAthe yuddha 75. (vidvAnonA mata mATe juo I. sa. 118) nahapANe AMdhrapatione raMjADavA mAMDavA 17ra. 114nI pUrve 413 pUrve keTalAya varSathI AMdhrapationI sattA pUrva hiMda upara jAmI paDI hatI 170. , amarAvatImAM gAdI AvI gaI hatI 171. 114 thI 74413thI453nahapANano samaya 200, 220, 275. = 40 varSa 113 thI 92 414thI435naM. 14 AMdhrapati mRgeMkane rAjyakALa 41, 201. = 21 varSa 113 414 nahapANanA pradhAna ame nAsika jIllAmAM jIta meLavI 201; pradhAna ayamane jurane zilAlekha 131. 112 415 nahapANe AMdhrapati sAthe kheleluM yuddha-ra76. 430 naM. 17 ariSTakarNano janma 213. 92 thI 75 435thI45ra naM. 15 AMdhrapati svAtikarNanuM rAjya 41, 211. = 17 varSa 83 444 juo I. sa. 17 = ma. saM. 544nI sAla. 75 thI 72 452-455 naM. 16 AMdhrapati mahendra dIpakaNinuM rAjya 41; naM. 16nuM gAdIe besavuM 213 (72thI 70 = 3 varSa: 210). 74thI 65 453thI422 rUSavadAranuM rAjya saurASTramAM kaDedhaDe hatuM 216. 74 453 nahapANanuM maraNa (100), 216, 26 0. 74thI 57 453thI470 jainAcArya dinnasUrine samaya (12). = 17 varSa

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bhAratavarSa ]. samayAvaLI " [ 365 72-47 455-480 naM. 17 AMdhrapati ariSTakarNane samaya 213, 220, 245, 287 : niSkalaMka = 25 varSa kIrti banAvanAra gautamIputra zAtakaraNi AMdhrapati ra60; ariSTakarNa AMdhrapati banyo karamAM 227; (71thI 46-35). 65 462 jainAcArya kAlikari zaka prajAne laIne saurASTramAM utaryA 216. 64-57 463-470 zaka prajAnuM ati upara rAjya cAlyuM 215. = 7 varSa 57 470 dakSiNapati rAjAo zAta kahevAtA hatA. eTale ke zAMta rAjAone tAbe dakSiNa deza hate 8. zakAri vikramAditya zaka prajAne jItI, pote avaMtipati banyA 216, 259; kArUra mukAme vikramAditye zakane harAvyA 70, 214, 216, 218, 280. 5-6 470-1 kaliMgabhUmi upara ariSTakaNa ane zaka prajAnuM yuddha 97, (276); kaliMgapati rAjA zAta sAthe zakapatinuM yuddha 214, 216; kaliMganI bhUmi uparanA yuddhamAM naM. 17 AMdhrapatie zaka prajAne khalAsa karI dIdhI 217 (57; 275). 57 pUrve 470 pUrve zatavahana vaMzIoe je pradeza I. sa. pU. 114mAM gumAvela te naM. 17vALAe kyAranoya jItI lIdho hato 218. pa7thI 21 I.sa. 47thI) jainAcArya sihagirine samaya (12); (56thI I. sa. 22 sudhI; 34). = 78 varSa 548 ] 56 471 jainAcArya Arya khapUTe bharUcamAM baiddhAcAryane vAdamAM chatyA 242; pAlItANAnI sthApanA thaI 242, 243. 54 473 gautamIputrane nAsika naM. 7ne lekha 127 (53; 221); naM. 17 AMdhrapatie gavaradhana samayamAM dAna dIdhuM. 216; nAsika chalA upara AMdhrapatinI hakumata jAmI gaI hatI 219. zAhIvaMzana-zakanA vaMzane-aMta nathI Avyo 217. 54 pUrve 473 pUrve amarAvatImAM gAdI AvI gaI hatI 216. dAna ApanAra tarIke rUSavadAranuM nAma pheravI nAMkhavAno hukama naM. 17 vALAe . tenA pradhAnane karyo hate 217. 53 474 gautamIputre karajata gAmanuM dAna dIdhAno kArlane lekha 128. vidvAnonA mate paiThamAM pAchI gAdI lAvavAmAM AvI 170. para-3 475-4 autamIputranI zaka prajA uparanI chata (100), 276, (276), (277). 52 475 zAhIvaMzano aMta ane rAjA devakanuM mRtyu 217. 479 gautamIputre sUbA zyAmakane hukama karyAne nAsika lekha naM. 8; 127. 47 480 dakSiNapati rAjA zAtanuM (jeNe zakAri vikramAdityane madada karI hatI tenuM) maraNa 34, (46 H 35) 210, 213, 280; rAjA hAlanuM gAdIe AvavuM 35. 47thI I.sa. 480 545 naM. 18 AMdhrapati rAjA hAlane rAjyakALa 41, 232, (241), 245, 259. 18 65 varSa (I. sa. pU. 47thI I. sa. 3=pa0 varSa sudhI pulumAvIne rAjyakALa, 287). 45 ane 482 ane vAsiSThIputra (naM. 18 AMdhrapati)ne lekhe nAsika mukAme 128. 41 486 X

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36 ] 43 *** 25 4 I. sa. pU. 3 10 23 I.sa.pU.nA aMta ane I.sa.Adi i.sa.pU.nA aMte 484 18 18 thI 26 =8 va 21 thI 57 =36 va 427 498 499 26 26 thI 32 =6 varSa 32thI 32 =cha mAsa 502 505 I. sa. Adi ... I. sa. pU. 1 saMdIthI I. sa. 2 sadImAM 01 thI 17 para3 ... para8 thI44 130 544 545 545 thI 553 548 thI 54 553 ... samayAvaLI [ prAcIna jainAcA` pAdaliptasUri tathA temanA ziSya nAgArjunanA samaya 245. jainAcA` AkhapUTanuM svargagamana (241), 245. naM. 18 vAsiSThiputre vAluraka gAmanuM dAna dIdhA nAsika lekha naM. 15; 129. rANI maLazrInI haiyAta A samayasudhI hatI (jIe 117nI sAla) 210. naM. 18 vAsipuitre siMhaladvIpa jItyA 236; vAsiSThaputra pulumAvIne lekha nAsikanA naM. 13; 128, 221. naM. 18 vosipuitra navanarapati kahevAtA hatA 235; teNe potAnI pravRtti sAhitya pratye vALI 236: navanarapati tarIkene nAsikanA lekha naM. 14: 235, 129. vAsipuitranA kArlenA lekha naM. 16nA samaya, dAna dIdhuM hatuM te, 129. zaktikumArane-zAlivAhanane samaya,lekhanI lipinA AdhAreDharAvAyA che. 92,(92) hiMdanI bhUmi upara bephAma azAMti hatI 250. yurApamAM bhagavAna isunA janma 250. sudhInA samaye yuddhadevanI kAI mUrti sthapAyAnuM leza paNa jaNAyuM nathI 307, 308; jo kAI mUrti I. sa. pU. nA samayanI maLI Ave tA te jainadharmanI ja gaNavI rahe che 308. nAsikanA zilAlekha naM. 3; 126. A traNa saikAmAM rAjAonA dIlamAM jamInanI bhUkha ubhI thavA pAmI 170. sAMcI daravAjAnA zilpanA samaya 246 (vidrAnAnA mate pahelI sadIneA madhyakALa I. sa. 19 thI 37). zakAra vikramAdityanuM maraNa 84 varSanI uMmare 280. jainamraMtha AdhAre rANAbaLazrIneA samaya 211, (ma. saM. 444 ane 544 nA AMkane vi. saM. AMka lekhI I. sa. pU. 26 ane i. sa. 74 tarIke pustakamAM lakhI javAyuM che pattu have sudhArIne te ThekANe anukrame i. sa. pU. 83 ane I. sa. 17 vAMcI levuM). rAjA hAla zAlivAhananuM maraNa 280. naM.19 AMdhrapati maMtalakanA rAjyakALa 42 (eka gaNatrIe 3 thI8 sudhI=287). jainAcArya vajrasUrinA samaya (102); (pAdalipta, nAgArjuna ane zAlivAhana nA samakAlIna tarIke; temaneA janma I. sa. pU 31=ma. saM. 496). jainagraMthanI mAnyatA pramANe zAlivAhananA sananI Adi 287. naM. 20 AMdhrapati puriMdrasenanuM rAjya 42 (eka gaNatrIe 8thIraha=21 varSa 287). naM. 21vALA suMdara zAtakaraNanuM rAjya jara; (bIjI gaNatrIe ra9 thI 40 =11 varSa, 287).

Page #394
samayAvaLI bhAratavarSa ] 32thI 35 . =2 varSa 35 thI 78 .. 43 varSa 45. 53 thI 93 . =40 varSa 70AsapAsa ... 75 thI 80 ... =8 varSa 78 thI 99 ... =21 varSa naM. raravALA cAra zAtakaraNinuM rAjaya 42; (bIjI gaNatrIe 40 thI 40 cha mAsa, 287). naM. 23 vALA zivasvAtinuM rAjya 42; (bIjI gaNatrIe 40 thI 4 =38 varSa, 287). inDopAthIana zahenazAha gAMDaphAranesanuM rAjya cAlu hatuM; 276. gardabhIla rAjA vikramacaritrane samaya 280. 99 thI 122 ... =23 varSa 103 rAjagAdI amarAvatImAMthI pAchI paiThamAM . 23 AMdhrapati lA 174. vidvAnonA mate rAjA kuMtalane samaya 205 (ApaNA mate I. sa. pU. 47thI I. sa. 18 juo). naM. 24 vALA gautamIputranuM rAjya 42, 274; (eka gaNatrIe 78thI 109 =31 varSa 273; bIjI gaNatrIe 78 thI 137=19 varSa, 287). vidvAnonA mate cakaNavaMzanI sthApanA thaI (26); (ApaNu mate 103 che juo te. zakasaMvatanI sthApanA samaya gaNAya che 35, 234, 252, 257, 258, 261, 265, 271, 287. zAlivAhana zaka pravartaka (vidvAnonA matathI) 26, 262; vidvAnonA mate paiThaNanuM bIjuM nAma navAnagara paDayuM hatuM, 258; kuzAnasaMvatanI sthApanA uttara hiMdamAM thayAnuM vidvAno mAne che 262. gadaMbhIlavaMzI rAjA vikramacaritranuM maraNa 281. naM. 24 akrapatinuM maraNa 173. naM. 25 AMdhrapati catrapaNane samaya 42; (bIjI gaNatrIe 109thI13=28 varSa 273). kuzAnasaMvatanI sthApanA 263. caSThasaMvatanI sthApanA 269, 275. naM. 25 catrapaNe lATa tathA saurASTra jItI lIdhAM 42, 173, 281. AMdhrapatine tAbe saiArASTra deza hata (115). catrapaNa zAtakaraNinA nAnAvATane-lekha naM. 14ne-samaya 129; I. sa. nI bIjI sadIne samaya vidvAne TharAve che (93). vidvAnonA matathI nahapANarUSavadAranuM yuddha AMdhrapati sAthe 5; (kharA samaya mATe juo I. sa. pU. 114). vidvAnonA mate rUdradAmanane samaya 75 (khare samaya 155; te juo, niM. 26 pulumAvI gautamIputrano samaya 43, 281, 287; (bIjI gaNatrIe 137 thI 165728 varSa; ra33) naM. 26 AMdhrapatinA nAsika lekha naM. 21 no samaya 170. pulumAvI AMdhrapati (naM. 26vALA) tathA caThaNuM mahAkSatrapa samakAlIna tarIke (114) hevA joIe 279 (kharo samaya 155 che (279). 105AsapAsa ... 107thI12 112 118 120 122thI153 =31 varSa 129 130 bAda lAMbe gALe ...

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368 ] samayAvaLI. [ prAcIna caSThaNanA rAjyane aMta (vidvAnI mAnyatA) 114; (khare samaya 15ra che juo te sAla). caNDaNa mahAkSatrapa thayo 115. kuzanavaMzanA mahAkSatrapa tarIke caSThaNane samaya 114, 115. naM. 26 AMdhrapatine (naM. 25 naMbara bIjI gaNatrIe) samaya 273, 287. 132 12thI142 10thI165 .. =28 varSa 139thI165 138 141 () * 142thI15ra ... 143 (670) 143 140thI5 . 155, bhUgoLavettA lemI hiMdamAM A samaya sudhI hato (11), 279. kaherI lekha naM. 22no samaya 130. karInA lekha naM. 23 ne samaya 130. caSThaNa avaMtipati tarIke 114, 115 (caSThaNu mahAkSatrapa vidyamAna che 25). (caThaNa 15ra sudhI jIvaMta che, 115); (143 AsapAsa caSThaNa avaMtipati banyo: 282, 287) (eka gaNatrIe teno samaya avaMtipati tarIke 14pane; 287). jainAcArya jajijagarinA hAthe paramAravaMzI nAhaDe aMjanazalAkA karAvI 287. caSThaNe AMdhrapati pAsethI gujarAta khAlI karAvyuM, 25, 173. avaMtipatioe AMdhrapatine herAna ja karyA nathI 116. rUdradAmanane samaya 75; vidvAnoe 100 thI 150 AMka che (khara 155175 ne tethI paNa upara). vidvAnonA mate rUdradAmananA junAgaDhanA lekhane samaya 104, 105, 132 (kharo samaya 15; juo te). caThThaNanuM maraNa 144 (vidvAnonA mate 130 che). rUdradAmanane samaya (juo pu. 4 tenuM vRtAMta) 150 15ra 155thI175 ... ane te pachI 161 . 157thI180 .. =27 varSa 155AsapAsa ... enTeniyasa pAyasano samaya 279. , naM. 27 AMdhrapati zivazrInuM rAjya 43, 1090 AMdhrapatie tuMgabhadrAkAMThe vijayanagaramAM gAdI karI 173-174, (143; 74). () rUdradAmane AMdhrapatine harAvI paMTha khAlI karI javAnI pharaja pADI 173; (juo 175 nI sAla). kharI rIte rUdradAmane dakSiNa jItavA mana upara ja lIdhuM nathI 116; rUdradAmane sudarzana taLAva samarAvyuM 122, 132. naM. 27 AMdhrapati (bIjI gaNatrIe ne. 26)ne rAjyakALa 273. 175 165thI181 .. =16 varSa 200 (Azare).. 206 206thIrarara . 213 (8) . mahAkSatrapa rUdrabhUtine samaya 285.. rUdrasiMha pahelAe guMdAne lekha ketarAvyA 122, 132. rUdrasiMha pahelAne samaya 109. rUdrasiha pahelAne junAgaDhane lekha 132.

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bhAratavarSa ] 218-261 ... =43 varSa 225 230-1 235-6 samayAvaLI [ 369 AMdhrapati naM. 30-31-3rane ekaMdara rAyakALa 273 (rarathIra61; 287) (217thIra62; 43). rUddhasiMha pahelAne mulavAsarane lekha 123-132. rUsena pahelAe jasadaNane lekha kotarAvyo 123, 132. AMdhruvaMzane aMta 45, 26 (kharI rIte 261-2 joIe; te sAthe juo) caSThavaMzIe naM. 28 AMdhrapatine harAvyo 30. vidvAnI mAnyatA pramANe Abhira-kacUri saMvata 206. agiyAra Abhirapatie thaI gayA 286. 249 239thI400 .. sudhI. 250 sudhI Azare 261-2 ... trIjI cothI sadI 258 261-4, 302 202 pachI .. 319 400 (Azare)... kuzanavaMzanI sattA cAlu hatI, 276 AMdhruvaMzane aMta 26 (keTalAka mate 236 juo te), 285 arvAcIna vaidika graMthanI racanA thaI gaNAya che. 59 Izvarasene (Amire) trirazmi parvata upara dAna dIdhuM. 124, 132 Izvaradatta Abhira svataMtra banyo, 110, 269, 285 caNavaMzI naM. 8-9 rAjAnA vaccagALe Izvaradatta Abhira svataMtra banyo. 25, 285 meDAmAM me A sAlane zatavahanavaMzane sikko maLI AvyAnuM jaNAvyuM che. 24, (50) Abhira, kalacUrio, hai, rASTri ane konI utpatti thaI che ema vidvAnonuM mAnavuM thAya che (50) guptasaMvatanI Adi 269 guptavaMzI caMdragupta bIjAe dakSiNa hiMda jItyuM. 206 vahelAmAM vahele zaka saMvata vaparAyAne pustakIya AdhAra. 266 raikUTaka rAjA dharasenane pAraDIne lekha (456 gaNyA hatA have te AMka sudhAryo che mATe) 124, 133, (269) kaiTakavaMzI koI rAjA kRSNagiriupara maThamAM caitya karAvyAne kaherIne lekha 125 (494? 133) gvAliyara pAsenA devagaDhanA khaMDiyarane samaya (3) kadaMbaprajAnI gaNanA sattAzALI tarIke karAI, 253 bhagavAna zaMkarAcAryane samaya 271 (I. sa. 784thI 820 ?) zakazAlivAhana zabda vijayanagaranA rAjA bujharAye hariharanA lekhamAM vAparyo che. 268 . kSiNa hiMda chatyuM. 286 47. 526 564 pAMca-cha sadI uparanA pAMca-cha sadI 710-74ra zAke . 1276 ...

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viSace che dhI kADhavAnI cAvI. tenI samajaje AMka lakhyA che te pRSThasUcaka che, koMsamAM je AMka lakhyA che te pRSTho uparanI TIkAnuM lakhANa che ema samajavuM. AkhA pustakamAM je vizeSa rasaprada viSaye lAgyA tenI ja neMdha ahIM lIdhI che. vizeSa mAhitI "zuM ane kyAM jevAthI maLI zakaze. ahIM batAvelA viSayanA traNa vibhAga pADayA che. (3) vidyAjJAnane sparze tevA sarva sAmAnya viSayane (ba) sAmAnya jJAna saMbaMdhI (6) ane mukhya bhAge jainadharmane lAge tevA; joke AvA vibhAga mAtra rekhAdarzana jevA ja che, te sarvanI vacce maryAdAnI lITI derI zakAya tevuM te nathI ja. (4) vidyAne lagatA sarva sAmAnya viSayo azokanA samaya sAthe priyadarzine pitAnA khaDakalekhamAM Apela pAMca yavanapationA samayanI karelI sarakhAmaNI. 302 azokanA samayanI badhI carcAne jaNAvI dIdhela saMkSipta sAra, 305 Abhirene purANakAree AMdhrabhUtvA kahyA che tenI samajUti 286, 287 Abhira saMvatanI sthApanA karanAranA ane tenI AdinA samayamAM bhinnatA che tenuM kAraNa 286 abhivaze keTalI vakhata cAlyo ne keTalA rAjA thayA tenI noMdha 286 ItihAsa te zAstra ane tatvajJAna che ne rahevuM joIe evuM mAnasa dharAvanAra pAse mAMgela javAba, 294 uttara ane dakSiNa hiMdanA zaka vaccenA taphAvatanI samajUti, 263 AMdhra zabda prajAdarzaka che, dezavAcaka nathI, tenI sAbitI, 2, 5, 7, 45 AMdhruvaMzanA rAjavIoe pitAnA nAma sAthe kyA zabdo vAparyA che, 4 AMdhrabhAtyano artha tathA te kene lAgu pADI zakAya tenI samajAti 17thI19, 5thI66 AMdhraprajAne kSatriyakuLa sAthe saMbaMdha kevo gaNAya, 139 AMdhrapatinA sainyanI megesthenIse karelI tArIphanuM varNana, 166 AMdhruvaMzanA aMtima nava rAjAnI zuddha karelI vaMzAvaLI, 273 AMdhruvaMzanI paDatI dazAnuM keTaluMka varNana, 284 mAMdhavazanI paDatI karavAmAM rUdradAmanane hisse keTale gaNAya. 284-5 "AMdhrabhRtya" ane "svAmI" birUdanA rAjyanA darajajAne bheda286

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bhAratavarSa ] cAvI AMdhravaMzanI Adi ane aMtamAM sAta sAta AMdhrabhRtyA thayA che tenI samajUti 28 kadaMba, Abhira, haiDeya, rASTrikA, pAva, cUTujha, cAlukyA I. nA saMbaMdha vize pa0 thI para, 116 kaliMgadeza upara AMdhrapatinI sattA hatI ke kema ! ane hatI te kayA kALe 222-3 kuLanI kIrti niSkalaMka thayAnuM gaNAyuM che tene Apela hevAla, 214, 217, 223, 244-1 rAjA kuMtalane rAjA hAlaneA purAgAmI mAnatAM paDatI muzkelIne khyAla 278, 261 kRSNa--gAdAvarInA DelTA sAthe DrAviDiyana prajAnA saMbaMdhu 2, 5, 48 kRSNa nAmanA e rAjA thayA che. tenI oLakha 157, 176 koIpaNa AMdhrapatimAM nahIM, evI rAjA hAlanI viziSTatAnuM khyAta, 235 kharASI bhASA temaja lipi che tenI samaja 120. (120) ga`bhIla ane zatavahana rAjAenI maitrInuM vivecana 280-1 [ A guNAtmya kavinA samakAlIna rAjA kuMtalanAM jIvananI mAhitI 237, 203thIra08 guNADhaya kavine gAtAsaptati ane bRhatkathAne kevA saMbaMdha hAI zake 237 govaradhana prAMtamAM AMdhrapatienI sattA zakaprajAnI sAthenA yuddha pUrve jAmI hatI 218 gautamIputra (vilivAyakurasa, zAtakaraNa ane yajJazrI) traNe bhinna ke eka ja, 218, 220 (aneka) gautamIputrA ane vASiputrAne chUTA pADavAnI cAvI 224 gautamIputra ane vAsinniputranA cAra yugamAMthI rANIzrI khaLazrIvALuM kayuM 274-5 gautamIputra zAtakaraNinA sikkA maLe che te kayA ane tene eLakhavAnI cAvI 282 catrapaNa vAsiSThaputra parAkramI rAjA hatA tenA purAvA 278-9, 281 caNane vidvAnoe zaka mAnyA che temAM temanI ja dalIlathI paDatI muzkelIo 275 caRNanA samaya khoTo TharAvyAthI vidvAnone naDatI muzkelIe 278-9, 285 caNanA samaya kadAca be varSa AdhA paNa laI javA paDe tenuM kAraNa 287 cInAI zahenazAha ane cInAi divAlanA samaya sAthe priyadarzinanuM samakAlinatva 305 caMdraguptanA nakkI karI ApelA samaya 298-9 caMdraguptanA ane alekjhAMDaranA samayanI karelI sarakhAmaNI ra99 caMdragupta, mahAnaMda ane AMdhrapati vacce ramAtI rAjakIya kSetraja, 156 jainadharmanA pracArArthe graMtha lakhyA che tevuM kahenArane ApelI khAtrI 291 TIkAkAro ane praznakArAnA varga pADI temane saMtASavAnuM upADela kArya 290 DrAviDiyana prajAnA vibhAga vizenI mAhitI. (49) daMtakathAnA AdhArane nahivata lekhatAM chatAM, vidyAne pote ja te vAparyo kare che tene vivAda 294 dhArmika kAryane aMge saka pravartAya che te te mInA naM. 18 ke naM. 23ne lAgu paDe che ke 262 naSanara svAmInA arthanI samajUti 236 navanarane badale navanagara vAMcI zuM artha ghaTAvAyeA tathA te sthiti kema udbhavI tenuM varNana 258, 262 nIrakhela pustakanI lAMkhI alagAra tema sArUM tevA vicArakAne javAba 295 nepALamAMnA nigliva ane phaeNminDiyAInA lekhAnA samayanI sarakhAmaNI 304 nahupANe mahAkSatrapapada ATha ja mAsa bhegavyuM che tene zilAlekhI samarthana 120 nahupANanA sikkA upara maheArUM kAtarAvanAra gautamIputra krANu 219-20

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3rDara ] cAvI [ prAcIna naMdavaMza ane AMdhavaMza samakAlIna levA vizenI noMdha (2), (9), 11, (11), 14thI42 naMda bIjAnA samaye varNavyavasthAnI uttamatA jaLavAyAnuM udAharaNa 137-9 naM. 3 AMdhrapatine kevA saMjogomAM gAdI maLI tenuM varNana 156-7 naM. 7 nI aneka viziSTatAomAM utkRSTa kaI tenuM varNana 189-91 naM. 7 ane ne. 18nAM parAkrama ane rAjya vistAranI sarakhAmaNI 234-5 naM. 17 vALAe zAhIvaMzane aMta ANyo te prasaMganuM varNana 216 naM. 17 vALe AMdhrapati zakAri sAthe joDAyo temAM maitrI saMbaMdha uparAMta anya kAraNo. 223 naM. 18 ane naM. 23nA janma, daivI saMgomAM thayA hatA tenI tulanA 257 na, 23 nA daivI janma vizenI AkhyAyikA 256-7 naM. 17 nA vidhavidha nAmano paricaya 213 . 26 nI sattA saurASTra ane gujarAta upara hatI tenA purAvA 282 pallava zabdane pahalava mAnI ke goTALo karAyo che tenuM dRSTAMta 122 (moTI) padavI ane khitAbadhArI sivAya koIthI saMzodhana karI na zakAya te sAcuM ke 295 pulumAvI, ca9Nu ane lemInA samakAlInapaNAnI carcA 114 alamAvI be ne badale eka thayAnuM mAnavAthI vidvAnone naDelI muzkelI 224, 278 pustaka Critically taiyAra thayuM kahevAya ke nahIM, tene khulAse 290 purAvAo khAtrI karAvI Ape tevA che ke kema teno radIya 291 purAvAnI saMkhyA mahattvanI ke tenA prakAra-tenI carcA 291 5. A. bha. zrI IdravijayasUri mArAM pustakanuM avalokana karatAM bAra doSano bhoga banela che tenA karatA udAharaNa sAthe nirUpaNa 352-3 pUrvagrahIta, TAMcaNIyAvRtti, punarUkti, phAlatu zabdo Adi AkSepanA khulAsA 293 prathamaprazna-caMdragupta te sekeTasa kharo ke-te samajAvavAno yatna 297 pracalita mAnyatA pramANe caMdragupta, biMdusAra ane azokanA samaya 297 bIjeprazna-azoka ane priyadarzina eka ke judA-te samajAvavAno prayatna 299 baje lekho (nepALanA) sAthe kAzimarI ane tibeTI graMthano batAvela meLa 304 buddha bhagavAnanA jIvana banAvIne pAyArUpa gaNI tene nakkI karela samaya 300 baddha saMvatanI tArIkha AdhAre azokano nirNita karela samaya 301 bhAratIya ItihAsane palaTo detAM be sUtrone pAyArUpa banAvyA che 296 maskinA zilAlekhanAM kAraNu tathA samayanI carcA 177thI 182 mahArathIo aMgadeza sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatA hatA tene zilAlekhI purA 89, 90, 116, 148 madhyaprAMta, vaDa, nijhAmI rAjya, chatrIsagaDha tAluke I. upara vAraMvAra sattAbadale thayAnI carcA 148thI 154 mahAkSatrapa Izvaradattane samaya khoTo AMkavAthI upajato anartha 285 yavanapatio (priyadarzinanA lekhamAMnA)ne samaya azoka sAthe baMdhabesata thatuM nathI tenuM darzana-303 rAjataMtragaNunI ane adrita bhAvanA vize thoDI samaja 185, 189, 190 3. akSarathI rUdradAmana, rUdrasiMha, rUdrasena, rUdrabhUti i. paNa samajI zakAya 132, 108thI 110 ka, ane kArdamaka zabdo (lekha ne. 17)ne kharA arthane lAgele patte 286

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bhAratavarSa ] . cAvI. [ 373 lATanI rAjadhAnI kaTivarSa ane aMgadezane keTalAka dakSiNa hiMdamAM kahe che tenI carcA 35ra lekhakane, kAmane, dharmane i. pakSapAta heI ja na zake te matanuM kareluM samarthana 291 vasatazrI malika kema kahevAya che tenuM kAraNa 143 vartamAnakALanI piThe prAcIna samaye paNa kasIla vahIvaTa hatuM ke? 229-30 viliyakurasa zabdanA arthanI samaja 159 vidvAnee rAjA hAlane navanagara svAmI TharAvyo che te sughaTita che ke kema? 236, 238 vRSaLa zabdanA artha vizenI samajUti, 47, (47), 59 vaMza (AMdha)ne lagatA tathA anya rIte saMbaMdhamAM AvatA 45 lekhonuM varNana, 80thI 125 vidvAnone maLIne temane pustako vAMcavA ApyA chatAM veThavI paDatI yAtanAo. 295 vidhavidha dezIya purAvAthI azoka ane priyadarzinanI batAvelI bhinnatA 304 zakapravartake-chanI saMkhyAmAM thavAnA che tenuM bhaviSyakathana, 258 zakasaMvata I. sa. 78mAM thayo manAya che teno saMbaMdha ne. 18 ke naM. 23 sAthe? 259 zakapravartaka kene ane zA mATe kahI zakAya tenI carcA 261 zakasaMvatanI utpatti vaidika rAjAe karI kahevAya che te sAcuM che ke? 262-4 zakamavatIka rAjA hAla sAbita thAya te vaMzAvaLImAM thatA pheraphAra, 287 zakAri vikramAditye khalela yuddhavALAM kArUrane sthAnanirNaya 215 zatavahanavaMzanA bhinnabhinna nAmadarzana 1 zatavahanavaMzano samaya tathA rAjAnAM nAma, saMkhyA ane anukramanI carcA 22thI 38 zatavahanavaMzI rAjAnI rodhita vaMzAvaLI 39thI 43 zatavahanavaMza judA paDavAnAM kAraNanI tapAsa, 53 zAlivAhana hAlane I. sa. 78nA zaka sAthe koIpaNa rIte saMbaMdhI TharAvI zakAtuM nathI tenI carcA 259 zA mATe mAnI levAyuM che ke zakasaMvata brAhmaNano ja che. 263-4 zAlivAhana hAla, kono samakAlIna, vikramAdityano ke vikramacaritrano ? 280-2 zAlivAhana zakanI ane vikramasaMvatanI tArIkha ane lagabhaga aDoaDa che tenI noMdha 287 zRMgabhutyA ane AMdhabhUtyAra nA saMbaMdha vize samajUti 30 zilAlekha (45)nI TUMka mAhitI ane samaya darzAvatI berIja 12thrI 134 zilAlekhe ketarAvavAmAM kAraNu-rAjakIya ke dhArmika bhAvanA-zuM hoI zake, 125-6 zrImakhanI utpatti ane sagAMvahAlAMnI samajUti 136thI AgaLa, 140 zrImukha ane khAravelanA samaya upara prakAza pADato banAva, 140-2, 147 zAhIvaMzanA rAjAo keNu tathA kenI sAthe yuddhamAM utarI temane aMta Avyo tenI samaja 216 sarasvatInuM dhaDa joke maLyuM che, chatAM zira sAthe raju karAyuM che tenuM kAraNa-35ra sAhityazokhIna rAjAonI paMktimAM rAjA hAlano darajo, 236 svAmI zabda rAjAo kyAre joDatA hatA tene khUlAso 114 svAmI zabda kayA AMdhrapatithI vaparAyo ane zA kAraNathI, 281 svAmI zabda anya vaMzanA rAjavIe vAparyo che ke? tenI sarakhAmaNI 281-2 svadharmAbhimAnI, tuMDamijAjI ke haThAgrahI Adi AkSepanuM kareluM samAdhAna, ra01

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374 ] cAvI [ prAcIna svamata nizcapUrvaka jAhera na karavo joIe tevI zikhAmaNa denArane be akSara, 295 saMkeTasa te caMdragupta hoI zake ke kema te upara megeDyenIjhanI DAyarI uparathI paDato prakAza, 168 hakasiri keNuM kahI zakAya te vizenI vidvAnI mAnyatA, 91, 92, (92) rAjA hAlanAM birUde, mAtApitA, rANIo tathA AyuSyanI ApelI mAhitI, 232 rAjA hAlanI khAsa khAsa viziSTatAo, 233 rAjA hAlanI pachInA cAra rAjAone paraspara saMbaMdhanI carcA, 256 hiMdI ane yavana rAjakartA uparAMta, silena patinA samaya sAthe paNa azokano samaya baMdhabesato thato nathI. 303 () sAmAnya jJAnane lagatA viSayo amarAvatI be che, tathA te kyAM AvI tenI mAhitI, 68, 70thI 74 azake putra maheMdra . sAdhumaMDaLane orissAmAMthI vidAya ApI hatI tenuM kAraNa 135 amarAvatImAM gAdI keNa laI gayuM ne keTalo samaya TakI rahI tenuM varNana 162-7ra amarAvatI ane paiThaNa-rAjagAdI tarIkenA samayanI tulanA 17ra-4 amarakeSamAM varNavela zaka vikramAdityanI oLakha, 206, (27) amarAvatInA AyuSya ane jAhojalAlInuM varNana 225 amarAvatI sAthe, anya pATanagaranA AyuSyanI sarakhAmaNI 227 avaMtimAM naM. 7 ane naM. 18nA bannenA smArako che, temAM kayuM kAnuM te zedhavAnI rIta 235 ayodhyA ane AyuddhAjhanI carcA karanAranA mananuM kareluM samAdhAna 315-17 ajAtazatranA samayanI carcA tathA tenI ApelI khAtrI, 326 AkhAye AMdhruvaMzanI haiyAtimAM pravartela dhArmika krAMtinuM digadarzana 76thI 84 AdhAra eka chatAM nirNaya judA karAyA che tenuM spaSTIkaraNa 353-4 (*) AraMbhela prayAsane kaI dRSTie jovA joIe tenI be vRttapatroe ApelI zikhAmaNa, 354 Abhira, saikaTake ane cAlakoe vAparela zaka vizenI samaja, 269, (269) AryanA 25 dezamAM pradezanuM nAma nathI tenuM kAraNa 3 itihAsa sarjananI pAMca vastuonAM nAma tathA temanAM mUlyAMkananI sarakhAmaNI 289 itihAsa AlekhanamAM kayuM pramANa aphara gaNAya tenI samaja 289-90 itihAsa sarjanamAM smArakenuM mahattva che chatAM te tarapha batAveluM durlakSa 306 I. sa. 78 pachInA AMdhrapatioe zakasaMvatane upayoga karyo che ke? 266 upanAma ane tenA karAtA ukelanI ApelI samaja 182-7, 187. aMdhrapati zabda zatavahanane lagADI na zakAya tenuM kAraNa, 4 AMdhraprajA ane zatavahana eka ke bhinna tenI samajUti, 6, 11, 12 aMdhradezanI sarahada vizenuM vivecana 6thI 8 AMdhrarAjAone, zAta, zAtavAhana, zAtakaraNi kahevAya che tenuM kAraNa (3), 8thI 16, 213, 222 AMdhrabhutya, AMdhrapati ane zaka sthApaka vizenI carcA 32thI 38 AMdhraprajAnI utpatti zI rIte ane konAthI thaI tenuM vivecana, 47 AMdhrapati brAhmaNa ke abrAhmaNa; tathA khattiyadapamAnamadananA arthanI carcA 55thI 58 (136), (144) dhrapatinA vidhavidha pATanagaranI zakyatAnuM vivecana 68thI 74

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- ' bhAratavarSa ] cAvI " [ 75 AMdhraprajAnAM kuLa jAti ane vaza upara vadhu prakAza 143 AMdhrapati ane gardabhIla rAjAonA nAmanI tathA vRttAMtanI thatI bheLaseLa 204, 206 aMta samaye pUrvakALe paNa rAjAomAM vartamAnakALanI peThe dAna ApavAnI pRtha 229 eka pachI eka AvatA rAjAnA samaya ane sagapaNanA siddhAMta vize khulAso 183, 199 kalekanI nimULatAne prasaMga rAjakIya ke dhArmika gaNAya ? 217-8 kalaMkanI nimULatA sAthe rAjanagaranA pheraphArane saMbaMdha hato ke kema? 217-18 khUna kAnuM thayuM hatuM? udayana vatsapatinuM ke udAyI magadhapatinuM 334 thI 37 govaradhana samaya pradezanI kiMmata rAjavIe zA mATe AMkatA hatA ? 200-1 caSaNa, nahapANa, bhUmaka, dotika viSe vidvAnoe darzAvelA vicAronuM khaMDana 349thI 11 Tae temaja mahArathIono naMda vaMza sAthenA saMbaMdha 90, 91, 116, 148 yue ane kada, AMdhrapati tathA naMdavaMza sAthe kevI rIte joDAyA hatA 2para-4 caMpA (jUnI ke navI)nA vasAhatanA samayanI carcA 325 dakSiNApathapati ane dakSiNapathezvarane arthamAMnA taphAvatanI samajUti, 10 1-4, (121), 128 220, 234-5 dakSiNa ane uttara hiMdamAM ekI sAthe zaka saMvatanA prasaMganI saMbhavitatA 249 dakSiNa hiMdamAM jyAM "zakasaMvata' vaparAyo hoya tyAM ke artha ghaTAvI levAya ? 269 dIvALInA parvanI utpattine itihAsa 311 daMDakAraNya (mahAbhAratanuM) vALA pradezane saMpradeza sAthe saMbaMdha che. dharma ane jena' zabdane tAtvika artha zuM? ane zA mATe vAraMvAra vaparAyA kare che 196-8 dharma palaTa hamezAM be saMskRtinA gharSaNathI janme che tenuM ApeluM varNana 270 navanara ke navanagaramAMthI kayo zabda zilAlekhamAM vaparAyela che ne teno artha 105, 129, 25% naLarAjAnA niSadhadezanA sthAna vizenI mAhitI 321 nAnAghATanA be zilAlekha vizenI samajUti (92), 111 nirvANuM ane kevala sthAna vacce oLakha karavAnI rIta 315 naM. 4 nA rAjyanI viziSTatAnuM varNana 161 naM. 7 nA samaye thayela dharmapalaTe, tenuM kAraNa ane pariNAma 184, 186 naM. 17 mA rAjAe zakarAja sAthe aneka yuddha khelyAM che tenuM varNana 214, 216 naM. 17 nA niSkAmavRttithI kAma levAnAM keTalAka sUtronuM varNana 223, 227 ne. 18 nA janma saMbaMdhI thoDIka caco 208, 210 na. 17 ne rAjyabha kicidaMze paNa nahoto ane saMyoge maLatAM chatAM mITa sarakhI paNa karI nathI tenAM dRSTAMto 227, (227), 229 pataMjali ane kITalyanI sarakhAmaNI 86 pataMjali tathA naM. 7 zAtakaNinI dhArmika dRSTie priyadarzina sAthe ane rAjakIya daSTie paM. cANakya sAthe sarakhAmaNI 191-2 pANininI janmabhUmi vize tathA te Arya ke anArya tenI carcA 343-4 puSyamitrane meM jainadhamAM kahyo che evuM bolanArane Apela khUlAse 318

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376 ] cAvI [ prAcIna puSyamitrane paNa keTalAke anArya kahyo che tenuM rahasya 344 (mArAM) pustakone kaI draSTie vAcakee nIhALavAM tenI meM karelI vijJapti 354-55 punamIyA mAsane badale amAsAMta gaNavAnI avadhi 196 paiThaNa (Pyton) ane paiTha (Paint)nA taphAvata vize. tathA kayuM rAjanagara tenI carcA 69 prasenajIta ane paradezI rAjAne lagatI carcA tathA khulAsA 331-33 (rANI) baLathIne be putro hovA vizenI carcA 97, 98, 127, 208, 211, 227 (rANI) baLathI tathA tenA putra-patrane karAvela paricaya 202thIra 07 (rANI) baLazrInI rAjakIya kSetre lAgavaga hatI tene Apele khyAla 210-1, 195 bennATaka svAmI gautamIputranI rAjapravRtti vize upaja khyAla 96, 97 boDarIMga (Bordering lands) laeNnDajhano artha vidvAno kare che temAM sUcavele phera 188-9 baddha ane anyadharmanAM smAraka keTalAMka gaNAyAM che te kevaLa jainonAM ja che ema Do. bulaharano abhiprAya 312 bhArahatamAM "mAyAdevI'nuM svama karyuM che te "mALAdevI' zabda hovAnI zakyatA 346 mahArathIo potAne aMgIyakulavardhana kahe che tenuM kAraNa 323 manuSyanI uMcAI 7-8 phITa=pA hAtha hatI te mUrtirUpe purA 341-43 mAtRgetranA saMbodhanathI thatA lAbhAlAbhanuM varNana 76 rAjAonI oLakhamAM paDatI muzkelInuM varNana tathA tene ukela 74 rAjakIya krAMtinuM saMkSipta siMhAvakana 85 rAjA tathA prajAnuM mAnasa dunyavI karatAM AtmabhAvanAmAM vizeSa pravRtta rahetuM tenuM vRttAMta 197-8 rUdradAmane zAtakaraNine be vakhata harAvyAnI satyAsatyatAne vAda tathA samaya 104, 107-10, 115, 121 vilivAyarasa, mADharaputra ane gautamIputranA anukramanI carcA 95, 96 vabhInA maitrake e kayA saMvata ane zA mATe calAvyo 270 . vikramAdityanA nAmathI thayela bheLabheLatAnAM draSTAMta 204, 206 vaidika ane jene mAnyatAmAM rahelI sAmAsAmyatAnI samaja 199 vidika dharmanI caDatImAM jainadharmane anyAya karI devAyAnuM udAharaNa 247-8 zaktikamAra ane vikramazakti teja rAjA hAla ane kuMtala--vize ApelI sAbitI 203thI8, : zakasaMvatsarano praNetA rAjA hAla kharo ke? 234 zakasthApana keNa ane kevA saMyogamAM te karI zake tenuM varNana 249, 258, 263 zakazAlivAhana zabdanI vaparAza vize 250 zakapravartaka-saMbhavAmi yugeyuge-arthazAstranuM A vAkya kevaLa hiMda mATe ke yuropa mATe paNa kharuM 250-1 zakazabdanA vidhavidha arthanI samajAti 251, 266-7 zakasaMvata avaidika hovAnA purAvAo 264 zakasaMvatanA kartA ke samayano patto nathI te zaMkA thAya che ke, te zaka haze ke kema tene vivAda 265thI268 zakasaMvata jyAM vaparAyo hoya tyAM kevI rIte kAma levAthI virodha samI jAya 268thI270 zAlivAhana nAma vyaktigata ke vaMzadarzaka-tene khulAso 16 zAtavAhananA janma vize cAlI rahelI AkhyAyikAo (203), 247, 257 zAkaTAyana ane kAtyAyananI ubhI karelI carcA-ulaTA sUlaTI vicArenuM darzana 345-6

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cAvI bhAratavarSa ] [ 377 zilAlekhe kotarAvavAmAM rAjakIya ke dhArmika draSTie kAma levAyuM gaNAya 217, 239 zaMkarAcArya bhagavAnanA janma samaya vizenA vicAra 270-1 sudarzana taLAvanI prazasti sAthe rUdradAmanane saMbaMdha-mULa ke vivecaka tarIke-tenI carcA 346-8 sikkA upara cahero paDAvavAnA niyamone vicAra 283 (ekabIjA) saMvatene judA pADavAnA kAragata thatA niyamone ullekha 264 saMvatanA pravatanane saMskRti sAthe saMbaMdha 268-9, 270 saMskRtinA gharSaNathI ubhI thatI bhaDaka TALavA, rAjakartAoe kaI yukti vAparavI rahe 270 smArakAmAM mukhya je cAra pAMca upayogI che teno karele nirdeza 306 stUpo-be prakAranA-tenuM prAthamika vivecana 306, 313 staSa ane staMbha vizenI pArakhanA niyamo tathA tenI lIdhelI tapAsa 248 rAja hAlano saMbaMdha zakazAlivAhana sAthe ke hoI zake tenI carcA 251-2, 259-60 rAjA hAlanA jIvanamAM zakapravartAvavA yogya saMyogonI tapAsa 251-2 ajaTA guphAmAM jenenuM prabhutva hatuM tenA purAvAo, 99, 107, 118, 128 ajaTA ane irAnI guphApradeza sAthe jenonA saMbaMdha vize 247 apApApurInuM nAma pApApurI kema thayuM tenI ApelI vigata 310 (madhyama) apApA ane mahAsana vana sAthe avaMtipati caMDapradyota urphe mahAsenane saMbaMdha 310 amarAvatI stUpanI viziSTa prakAre tapAsa ane avakane 307. amarAvatI stUpa, jenane ke bauddhane, tenA purAvA ane spaSTIkaraNa 307-8 amarAvatI stUpa jeja sAMcI stUpa che tenI ApelI samajUti 309 avaMtipati na hovA chatAM AdhavaMzI ane kuzanavaMzIoe lIdhelI mulAkAtanuM rahasya, 309 avaMtipati thavAmAM prAcIna rAjAo gaurava mAnatA tenuM kAraNa, 310 I. sa. pU. nI bIjI tathA pahelI sadImAM jaina sAdhuo rAjapiMDathI deSita hatA tenA purAvA 353 ujainImAM koI zAtakaraNie vijayastaMbha repo che evuM kathana che tene ukela 204 pU. A. bha. IMdravijayasUri kahe che ke, jema kaivalyaprAptinA ane saMsthApanAnA sthAna vacce bAra janane vihAra zrI mahAvIre karyo hato tema nirvANa pAmyA pUrve paNa bAra janana vihAra temaNe karyo hato te hakIkata kayAM lakhAI che te jaNAvavA temane AmaMtraNa (328). aMtarajIkA (jaina graMthamAMnI) nagarInA rANa baLathI vizenI kalpanA. 195, 211 AMdhraprajA jainadharmI kahevAtI tenI sAbitI, 50 thI 5ra ane TIkAo AMdhrapatie mukhyabhAge jainadharma pALatA hatA 124, 144 kAyaniSidhi ane arihaMta niSidhinA arthanI samajAti, 313 kAlasInA khaDaklekhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 325 kauzAMbI ane caMpA vacce musApharI karatAM eka divasa ja thAya tevuM kathana 321-22 kauzAMbI ane caMpA bahu najIkamAM hatAM tenA raju karelAM ATha pramANe 321 thI 23 (Aya5) khapUTa ane pAdalipta jaina dharmanI prabhAvanA karavAmAM kharceluM sAmarthya 240-a khAravelanA mahAcaityanuM sthAna bennATakamAM hovAno purAvo 100, 128 khAravelano mahAvijaya ane amarAvatI stupa bane eka che tenI khAtrI 308 48

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378 ]. cAvI [ prAcIna caNDaNavaMzIo jainadharmo hatA tenA zilAlekhI purAvA, 121-124, 125, 132 caMdragupta maurya. AMdhrapatio ane khAravela svadharma hatA tenA purAvA 239. 240 caMpAnagarI (aMgadeza) baMgALamAM nathI paNa sI-pImAM che tenI ApelI sArthakatA 19-21 jainAcArya kAlikasUrie AMdhrapatine pAchA jaina dharmamAM sthira karyA 195-6 jainagraMtha-sAhitya uvekhavAthI aitihAsika anartha thavAne vidvAnoe karela ekarAra241 jainadharmane koI kAma, jAti ke varga sAthe saMbaMdha nathI, tenuM vivecana 292-3 jaMlIyagAma ane rijuvAlikA nadInA puravAra karelAM sthAna 326-28 trirami pradezanI upagitA-rAjakIya ke dhArmika-daSTie tene vivAda 239, 244 trimina parvata ane jaina dharmano saMbaMdha 101 thI AgaLa te TheTha 118 thI 121 sudhI trirAzimanA arthanuM mahAsya ane tenA aMgenuM varNana, 244 trirAzimanA mahAsyanuM sAhityIka samarthana karatAM dRSTAMta 244-5 trikaTa paNa mULe jainadharma pALatA tenA purAvA, 124 (naM. 43 lekha sarakhA 44-45 lekho). vaikuTako pAchaLathI (guptavaMzI asarane lIdhe) vaidika thaI gayA saMbhave che (lekha 44-45 sAthe sarakhAvo. naM. 43 ne lekho) dAnadevAnA nimitta prasaMganuM varNana, 239 dhArmika krAMtimAM jaina ane vaidika AcAryoe Apela phALo 80 thI 84 lI-jAguDAnA khaDakalekhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 324, 345-6 nahapANa-rUSavadatta, tathA zatakaraNio eka ja dharma pALatA hatA 239, 40 nahapANa tathA tenA jamAI rUSabhadAtta vALI zakaprajA jainadharma pALatI hatI tenA zilAlekhI purAvA - 95-7, 117 thI 121, 131 (rANI) nAganikAe nAnAghATa mukAme karelA dAnanI carcA, 87 nAgArjuna bauddha ke jaina te vize keTalIka mAhitI, 241, 243 naM. 4 nA rAja darabAre zrI bhadrabAhunuM sanmAna, 160, (160) (zrI) neminAthanA janmanuM ane temanA jIvanakALanuM sauripura judu, tenI carcA, 330 pAdalipta, nAgArjuna, vikramAditya ane hAlanA saMbaMdha vize 240-2 pAdalipta, khapUTa, ane nAgArjunanA samaya ane saMbaMdhanuM varNana 24-2 pAlitANAnI sthApanA, kyAre, keNe ane kevA saMyogomAM karI 24ra-3 pAvApurInA sthAnanI carcA 328 priyadarzine khaDakalekho, staMbhalekhe ubhA karAvyA che tenAM kAraNuM 178 priyadarzinanA khaDakalenA sthAnanuM dhArmika rahasya 324 (rANu) baLazrI (jaina sAhitya) ane rANI baLathI-eka ke bhinna 101 bAhubaLInI mUrtine bhadrabAhunI havAnA radiyA. 338-40 bhadAyanIya zAkhA bauddhadharmanI ke jaina dharmanI? 101 bhArahuta stUpa ane trirazminA sthAnanI dhArmika dRSTithI tulanA, 312 bhArahuta ane sAMcI stupa vacce bAreka yojanAnuM aMtara hovAthI, paheluM zrImahAvIranuM kaivalya ane bIjuM nirvANa sthAna hovAnI khAtrI 314

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bhAratavarSa ]. [ 379 mathurAne siMhastaMbha, bauddha karatAM jaina dharmI havA vizenuM vive 348 thI 50 mahAkezala ane aMgadenI caMpA nArInI AsapAsa zrI mahAvIre karelA paryaTananuM vRttAMta 313 zrI mahAvIranA kaivalyasthAna, ane bIje divase caturvidha saMsthA5na karyAnuM sthAna, be bAreka yojanAnA aMtaranA zAstrIya purAvA 311, 14, 300 zrI mahAvIranA nirvANa sthAne stupa karAyo che evuM zAstrIya kathana 311 zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANa ane temaNe karelI gaNadharasthApanA, bane madhyama apApA nagarImAM ja thayAM che evuM zAstrokta kathana 339 sajApiMDa ane sAdhuonA saMbaMdha vize vizeSa zilAlekha purAvA 113, 118, 1920, 121. 131 rUpanAthanA khaDakalekhanA sthAnanuM mahatva, 325 Lovest temple city nuM nAma vidvAnoe zAmATe ane kone kahyuM che. 242 vajubhUmi-vizeSaNa ane vizeSanA--te benA bhedanuM tathA sthAnanuM vivecana 333-4 vaddhamAnapura-ANaMdapura ane dhruvasena (jena sAhityamAMnA)ne lagatuM kAMIka, 124 zakasaMvata jaina ke arjana: te jANavA pUrNimAMta ane amAsAMta paddhatinI upayogitA, 271 zakasaMvatanI utpatti jaina hovA chatAM, teNe zAmATe ane kayArathI vaidikarUpa dhAraNa karyuM 270 zatavAhana vaMzanA dharmane lagatI carcA 124, 144 zatruMjaya tIrthanA uddhAramAM rAjA hAla sAthe bIjAM kenAM nAma joDAyelAM che, 244 zilAlekho ubhA karavAmAM rAjakIya nahIM paNa dhArmika dRSTi ja kAraNabhUta rahetI 181 zuMgavaMzI rAjA bhAga-bhAnumitranA dharma jhanunanuM dRSTAMta 196 sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvavAmAM rAjakIya daSTi vidvAno batAve che te vyAjabI che ke, 238 sAMcIno stUpa ane staMbhanA pRthaka aMgenI keTalIka vicAraNA 245-7 sAMcItUpa zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANa sthAna che tenI batAvelI satyatA 310 sAMcI sthaLe caMdragupta dIpaka pragaTAvavA dAna dIdhuM che tenuM samajAveluM mahatva 211 sAMcI stupa jevAja Abehuba bhArahuta rUpanuM varNana 312 sAMcI te saMcI ke sAcera-tene lagatI carcA 329 saccAUri maMDaNanuM sauri kayAM AveluM kahI zakAya 330 sAMcImAM dAna ApanAra koNa? - caMdragupta pote temaja teno Azrita-bane vyaktinA ane samayanA bhedanI carcA 33-8 svani guMbajanA mApane Apela khyAla 314, (14) sAMcI-bhilasA mukAme zAtakaraNie dAna dIdhuM che tene tathA tenA samayane ullekha kara zaja hAlanI dhArmika pravRttinuM karela varNana 278 thI 247 sajA hAlanuM nAma kayA kayA dharmatIrtha sAthe saMkaLAyeluM che, 247, 260 rAjA hAlano dharma jaina hato evA vidhavidha purAvAnI khAtrI, 264

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zuM che ane kyAM ? a. neTa-kesamAM je AMka che te TIpaNane ane kaeNsa vinAne AMka te pRSThano samajo. je AMka bleka TAIpamAM che te prazasti, prastAvanA AdinA yuddha mATe samaja. amarAvatI: (varaMguLa) 39, 41, 68, (68) 70, akabara : 106 (70), (71), 72, (ra), 73, 74, 112, akendrita rAjatva 18, 27, 28, 65. 79, 142, 128, 129, 150, 15ra, 160, 162, 164, 158, 161, 167, 12, 181, 148, 149, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 195, 216, agnihotrI: 51 217, 225, 227, 244, 247, agnimitra 4 (52) (57) 65, 70, 80, 82, amarakeSa: 106, 206, 213. 83, 84, (84), 85, (85), 86, 90, 149, amitraketuH 299. 186, 148, 192, 194, 195. amitraghAta : 299. ajameraH 118, 215. amerIkA 228. ajAtazatru: (52), 297, 298, 300, 303, 312, ameghavarSa : 270. 319. ayamaH 41, 71, 77, 131, 133, 170, 171, ajhIjha: 238, 275. 200, 201, 217, 239, 275. ajhA : (ajajA) 247. AyudhdhAjha : ( ayodhyA) 122, 315, 316, 317. anuddha : 116, 238, 253. aravali : 83. , (pura) : 235, 306, (306), 315. arabisamudra: 117, 143, 253. aniSTha karmanaH 213 araba: 370. anAmalAI yunIvarsITI 296. arabasthAnaH 277. apaH 103, 1213 ariSTakarNa (gautamIputra zAtakaraNI ) 26, (29), aparAnta: 116, 117, 121, 139, 257. 35, (36), 37, 41, 70, 71, 127, 144, apilaka: 29, 30, (37) (65). 190, 208, 209, 210, 213, 217, (227) apApApurIH (310) 228, 229, 280, 287. aphagAnistAna : 78, 184, 270. alhAbAda ne sthaMbha lekha 176, 188, 253. abrAhmaNa : 56, 144. alekajhAMDara : 56, 64, 165, 166, 169, 218, abulaphajhala : 106. 291, 296, 297, 298, 299, 302, 305. araba : 270. alekajhAnDrIyA: 279. arabasthAne 277 avaMtiH 40, 59, 70, 80, 83, 83, 93, 94, abhaya : 303. (94), 103, (103), 110, 114, 116, abhayakumAra : 166, 226. 120, 121, 122, (149), 12, 177, amarAvatIne zilAlekha : 111. 180, 184, 185, 186, 192, 204, 200, amarAvatI stUpa 164. 126, 247. 215, 216, 222, 223, 227, 228, 234, mahAcetya: 244. 235, (239), (248), 249.

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[ 381 bhAratavarSa ]. - zuM? ane kyAM? avaMtipatIH 29, (56) 65, 66, 70, 71, 14, AviH 36, 40, 186, 194. 79, 106, 115, 116, 162, (185), 190; Apilika : jAo apilika 191, 280, 282, 284, 286, 287, 310, AhAra : 107. 311, asaka : (azvaka) 103. Indra, devaH 19. asika 103. IndradinaH (12). azAka, 64, 65, (78), 89, (92), (139), 149, indrabhUtiH 309. 165, 17, 179, 186, 200, 297, 299, InDA-pAyiyana : 204, 227, 238, 275. - 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, InDosIthIyana: 203. 306, 317. IrAnaH 120, 214. azoka vardhana: 52, 78, 156, 161, 162, 167 IlUrA: 10. . 172, 178, 185, 291. IlUraka: 107, 247. azvameghaH 40, 65, 70, (79), 80, 83, 84, IlerA: 99, 219. 85, 143, 152, 185, 148, 199, 264, IsvI saMvata : 251. 318. IvAku: 117, 131, 143, 164. A IkSavAku vaMza 57, (57), 58. kara : 93, 234. Izvaradatta : 25, 26, 108, 110, 122, (245) AkAra : 103. 268, 285, 286. Agama sutra: 196 IzvarasenaH 124, 132, 134, 286. ANaMdapura : 123, 124. ANaMdagiri H (124) ujeni: 29, 33, 35, 148, 15, 204, 205, AnaMda : 94. 215, 219, 253, 304. Anarta H 121. uttamabhadra: (kSatrIya) 118, 131, 215. AnartapuraH (124) uttiya: 303. Apilaka : juo apilaka. uttarahiMdaH 207, 204, 222, 227, 22.. . Apilika 26, 40, 147, 186, 194. udayA 116, 233, 234. Abu (51) (83). udayana bhaTa : 166, (243), 253, 303. Abhira : 25, 26, (51), (101), 108, 109, udayagiri : (235) 306, 315. 110, 123, 132, (245) 269, 285, 286. uSAvadAtaH 117. Arya prajAH 109, 123. Arya khapUTa : 241, (241),242, 245,259,280 enTIAlasIdAsa : 195, (239). Arya-mahAgiri : 80, (1-2), 119. enTIkinI : 302. Arya-suhasti : (80), (83), (12), 119, 298. enTAnIyasa pAyasa : 27. Arya-susthitaH (12) enTIyoka : 302, Arya supratibaddha (102). epAIrasa (elekajhAMDara) 302. AyuddhAjha: 315. elarA: 107.

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38 ] zuM? ane kayAM? 120, 121, 137, 143, 144, 145, 147, aitarIya brAhamaNagrantha : 3-5, 45. 150, 153, 154, 156, 157, 161, 162, A 163, 167, 168, 171, 172, 173, 178, okhA : 113, 132. 181, 143, 148, 149, 190, 194, 195, eka : (48), 190. 199, 200, 201, 204, 205, (27), orIssA : 100. 130, 222. 208, 211, 213, 220. 222, 23, 225, e 226, 258, 259, 264, 265, 256, 267, aMga : 90, 91, 148, 149, 153. (267, 268, 271, (71), ra79, 280, aMdeza : 7, 225, 219, 320. 281, 282, 284, 285, 286, 307, AMdhra : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, (9), 10, 17. 311, 318. 45, (48), 50, (226) . aMdravaMza (2) prajA : 2, (2), 3, 6, (7), 12, 13, 14, aMdhrapati : 4. 17, 19, 45, 46, (48), 49, (49), 50, aMdhazrutya : 2, 17, (17), 18, 51, 58, 82, 93. aMtaraMjikA : 41, 195, 211. AMdhrapati : 4, 17, (16), 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 aMgIyakulavardhana : 09, 90, 91, 146, 150. (29), 30, (30), 31, 2, 35, (36), 37, aMjana saMvata : 300, (37), 40, 54, 5, 62, 63, (63), 64, AMdhra : 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 17, 23, 24, 43, 65, 68, 70, 71, 72, 3, 4, 77, 78, 45, 46, 47, 48, (49), 50, (50), 60, 85, 95, , 104, 106, 107, 19, 69, 73, 96, 143, 150, 157, 160, 110, 121, 137, 143, 144, 146, 178, 219, 148, 153, 154, 156, 157, 161, 162, aMdhavaMza : (9), 18, 22, 25, 28, (29), 30, 163, 164, 167, 171, 12, 173, 178, 31, (50), 59, 66, 68, (71), 89, 90, 181, 183, 148, 149, 190, 194, 195, 91, , (97), 115, 169, 25, 265, 282 199, 200, 201, 204, 205, 207, 208, AMdhravaMzI rAjAo: 12142, 185, 275. 211, 213, 220, 222, 223, 225, 226, AMdhraprajA : 2, (2), 3, 6, 7, (7) 12, 13, 14, 227, 229, 249, 252, 256, 258, 259, 17, 19, 45, 46, (48), 39, (49), 50, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 271, (271), 51, 58, 92, 93. AMdhrapati : ra9, 28, 281, 282, 284, 285, AMdhrabhRtya, H 2, 19, (19), 25, 26, 27, 28, 276, 303, 311, 518. (28), 29, (29), 30, 31, 32, (36), 37 (37), 59, 60, (65), 66, 77, 85, 137, AMdhrabhutya : 2, 18, 19, 5, 26, 27, 28, 29, 142, 151, 187, 273, 286, 287. (29), 30, 31, 32, (35), 37, (37), paha, aMdhrapati : 4, (17), (25), 26, 27, 28, (28), 60, 65, (65), 66, 77, 85, 137, 142, 29, (29), 30, (30), 31, 2, 35 (36), 151, 187, 283, 286, 287. 37, (37), 47, 54, 60, 62, 63, (63), pripati (50). 64, 65, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 64, 77, AMdha sAmrAjya: 142, (148), 148, 151, 161, cha8,95, (95),96,(104), 105, 106, 109, 172, 228, 258.

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6) arativarSa ] zuM? e ke 383 kaliMgapatiH (7), 39, (52), 2, 3, 4, 5, kaDapA zahera: 7. * 73, 100, 117, 139, 153, 156, 171, karNadeva : 270. 162, (185), 213, 222, 223, 229, karNATa, H 50, 204. 232, 239, 243. kathAsarita sAgara : 5, 203. kaliMgAdhipati : 11. kardama : (19) kaliMgane zilAlekhaH 179. : kardamI : (109). kaliMgasenA ; 204, 23ra. kadaMba : (52), (107), (19), kalyANI : (125), 239. 143, 252, 253, 270. kaza5 : 311. kadaMbagiri : 15) kaLalAya mahAraThI H 89, 90, 253. kadaMbajAti : (46), 4 (49), (50), (51), (para), kAkatiya ? (49) 110. kArjika : 121. kadaMba rAjA : 117, 117, 131, 253, kadaMbalipi : 50, (50), (51), (52), kAThThiyAvADa : 115, 122, 123, (124), 265. kArtikeya deva : 56. kadaMbakSatriya H 285. kAnaDA : 10, 116. kanIyaDAkA sArIkA : 124, kaniSTha : 122, 475. kAnArA : 48,55, 116, 139, 25. kAyaniSidhi H 311. kanvavaMza : 47. kanyAkumArI : 162, 165, 167. kAravAra : 8, 47, 15, 111, 2pavuM. kAradamaka: 108, 19, (19), 252. kaccha : 121, 281. kaherI : 55, (101), 115, 200. kAradamaka vaMza : 107, 108. kArUraH 215, 216, 219, 228, 25, 279. kanherI guphAo : 247. karInA zilAlekha : 4, (42), 43, (para), 102, kArlA (kArlo) : 99, 10, 121, 128, 129, (103), 117, 125 127, 130, 133, 131, 132, 134, 1U1, 200, 244. 134, 161, 217, 244, 284, 285. kAlanI guphAo : 247. kagiri 124 kAlikasUrIH 41, 80, (80), 186, 15, 211, 214, 216, 128. karajaka : 99, 128, 131. kAlikAcArya : (10), 196. karajata : (89), 128. kAlidAsa : 106. kanvarajAti : 40, 55. kAzmIra H 204, 235, 303, 34, 35. kalkI saMvata pravartaka : 258. kAzmIrapati : 27. kalacerI : (50), (51), (52), (124), (125, kAzyapagotra: 11. kaliMga : 8, 40, 48, 49, 54, 5, 60, (60). kAzI: 263. 61, 18, 82, 90, 97, 100, 136, 140, kAzIputraH 195. ' - 141, 14, 147, 152, 153, 154, 165. kApaNuH 118, 119. 167, 178, 180, 181, 102, 204, 214. kALAzaka : (53), (139) 215, 216, 217, 235, 237, 297. kALo parvata H (103).

Page #411
384 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [prAcIna kukara 4 103, 121. kezalapati 312, 331. kuNAla : 304. kauDInya : 84, (84) kuMtala : 26, 41, 204, 205, 207, 232, 233, kauzAMbIpatiH 319, 322. 237, 238, 261, 262. kaMbejha : 120, 244. kuMtala zatavahana : 2017. kAMcI-kAjIvarama : 288. kaMtala-zAtakarNI vikramazaktiH hAla vikramAditya : 26, kaMcanamALA : 34 41, 207, 233, 237. kaMcanapura : 323, kuMtala: hAla zAlivAhana : 259, 262: kaMkALItile H 351. kumAra : (57) zrIkRSNa (ka) 26, (33), 54, 63, (63), 64, kumArapALa : (243). (64), 89, 91, 126, 138, (138), 139, kulAnaMda : 116. kurtapa: 122. 147, 141, 146, 148, 152, 158, 161, 162, 164, 172, 176, 178. kuzanamuLa : 119. zrIkRSNa pahele, vAsiSThaputra, vilivAya kurasaH (39) kuzAnavaMza : 114, 162, 262, 264, 268, 269, 66, 76, 156, 157, 163. 271, 275, 276. kuzAna saMvata : 304. zrIkRSNa bIjo H gautamIputra, aMdha sthaMbha H 40, 68, 157, 224. kusthaLa : 304. kepa kemerInaH (48). zrIkRSNa zAtakaraNIH 157, 163. kendrita bhAvanAH 30, 85, 189. kRSNagiri (kaherI) 17, 125, 133, 144, kenerA: 130, 141. - 247. kenerIjha: 49, 50. kRSNa maMdIra : 84. kAcIna : (38) kRSNa zaila : 113. keTa-prajAH (48). kRSNa : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 55, 59, 63, (63), kahApura : (39), (47), 49,95, 139, 142, 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 72, 70, 76, keramAMDala : 168, 188. 89, 91, 100, (101), 112, 117, 128, ketakarSaka H 35ra. 130, 131, 150, 152, 12, 168, 101, kayAdhipatiH 331. 172, 225, 307. keTavarSa : 35ra, 353. kosa ane bola. sikkA cInDa: 283. kaivalya : 313, 326. kevalya darzanaH 328. khatarI : 56. kaivalya prApti H 314. khatiya-dapamAna madana : 55, 56, 58. kevaLajJAna : 313, 326, 327, 728. khaDaka lekha : 305, 313. kebIja : 330. kharaka: 313. kezaba: 225. kharoSTI : (12) kauzAMbI : 178, 25, 321, 323, 324, 327, khAravela : 4, 6, 7, 8, (8), 9, (9), (22), 48, 328. 49, (49), 54, 60, 61, (61), 62, 68, kezalaH (para), 322, 332, 333. 69, 72, 75, 100, 112, 117, 129, kha

Page #412
ga bhAratavarSa ] zuM? ane kayAM? | [ 385 130, 143, 141, 143, 147, 150, 151, godAvarI : 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 54, 55, 59, 153, 154, 168, 171, 172, 185, 226, (68), 69, 70, 79, (101), 110, 126, 239, 240, 243, 147, 308, 311, 318 142, 150, 101, 191, 20, 203, 222, 352. 247, 312. khetAna 305. gonAI (ge) : 79, 204, 343. khATAna : 304. gopAlazreSThI H (10) gemaTa: 339. gomaTezvaraH 338, 339, 341, 353. gardabhIla : 227, 228, 279, 343. govaradhana; (96), 96, 97, 98, 99, 105, 118, gardabhIlavaMzaH 8, 33, 34, 41, 94, (103), 200, 216, 312. 106, (115), 173, 23, 24, 26, govAH 253. 252, 280, 281. gardabhIlavaMzI vikramAditya zakAri : 206, 2017, govaradhana samaya: 127, 171, 191, 201, 244, 247, 249. (207), 215, 249. geDaphAranesa : 276. gardabhIlapati : 282.. autamIgAnaM: 56, 146, 278. gaMdharvasenaH 8, 279. gaNataMtra : 85, 86, 189, 254. autama gotraH 41, 164, 220. gaNarAjya : 27, 142, 158, 181. autamIputra: 11, 27, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, gAthA sAsatiH 34, 106, 129, 233H (39), 40, (40), 42, 43, 54, 62, 63, gijhanavI ? 270. 65, 66, 70, 71, 72, 74, 6, 80, 81, girinagara (junAgaDha)H 126, (98), 99, (99), 100, (100), 102, 103, giranAra H 115, 12, (124), 229, 324, 331 (104), 15, 108, 170, 176, (177), gujarAta : 25, 83, 115, 173, 190, 205, 187, 200, 202, 208, 29, 214, 216, 214, 269, 274, 275, 281, 282, 284. 217, (218), 221, 222, 223, 225, gujarAta rIsarca insTITayuTa = 355. 239, 244, 24, 259, 267, 275, gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAyaTI : 355. 276, 282, 283. gujarAta sAhitya sabhA : 355. gautamIputra: vilivAyakurasa-zrIkRSNa bajeskaMdhasthaMbha gurjarezvara H 253. 157, 163, 176 guNasuMdarasUrI : (80) gautamIputra yajJazrI pulumAvI : 114, 115, 279, guNAya : 106, 203, 235, 237, 259, 261, juo pulumAvI. 262. gautamIputra-vilivAya-kurasaH 94, 6, 172, 218, guMdA : 132, 134. 219, 220, 224. guMdIvADa : 307. autamIputra zrI-zAtakaraNIH 111, 112, 113, guptavaMza : 114, (124), (125), 247, 268, 126, 133, 134, 218, 273, (274), - 269, 271, 281, 337, 338. - 278, 281, 287 juo; zAtakaraNI zrIyaza gokarNapura : 257. gautamIputra

Page #413
386 ] zu ? ane kayAM ? [ prAcIna gautamIputra zAtakaraNI=ariSTakarNa : 94, (95), 6, ca9NavaMza 4, 22, 25,(26), (28), 2930, (37), (96), 97, 98, 100, (100), 101, 104, 43, (43), 72, 114, 114, 121, 123, 121, 127, 128, 131, 134, 176, 190, (124), 124, 268, 269, 271, 275, 281, 200, 25, 206, 207, 213, 215, 218, 284, 285, 312. 219, 220, 227, 249, 260, 273, 274, caSThaNa saMvata : 279, 285. 275, 277, 280, 287. amarendra : 327, 328. autamIputra zakAri vikramAditya : 206. caturvidha saMgha : 314. gautamIputra zIvarkaMdha : 283. caturvizati prabaMdha : 241. autamIputra rANIbaLazrI : 101, 257. cANakya : 18, 19, 64, 85, 86, 87, 112, autamabuddha : (76) (142), 149, 153, 156, 158, 161, gaMgA : 256, 315, 316, 320, 321, 322, 192, 165 166, 172, 192, 297, 299, 346, 342, 345. gaMjAma : 7, 222. cAluko (cauluko) (51), (52), (125) gaMdhAra : 120. cAlukya saMskRti : (51) gAMdhAra 6 339, 343, 344. cAmuMDarAya : 339, 340, 341, 342, 343. gAMdharvasena : 215. cArUvAkI : 178, 179. grIka : 104, 166, 167. citaladurga : 90, 167. grIka ItihAsakAra : 296. catura : 68, (68), 70, (70). grIka elacI : 167. cIna : 301, 305, grIka bAdazAha : 166. cinA : 112. gvAliyara : 83, 106, 321, 340. cinAI turkasthAna : 191. ca cuTu (cU8) : 116, 117, 25, 253. cuTuMkulAnaMda : 116. cakera : 27, 42, 103, 287. cuTukAnaMda : (47) (52) 55, 75, 91, 139, cakravartI : 318. 140, 141, (148), 253. caturapaNuM : 278: cuTukaDAnaMda : 116, 117, 130. catrapaNuH 42, (42), 173, 224, 278, 279, cuTuvaza : (149) 254. 281, 283. cuTuzAtakaraNa : 116, 117, 130. catrapaNa zAtakaraNI vAsiSThaputra : (92), 111, 129, ceTaka : (47) 134, 273, 274, 279, 281. cedIza : 313, 333. catrapaNuM hAla : 287. cedIvaza : 136, 147, 150, 151, 171, 322. caSThaNa : 25, 29, (36), 43, 74, 75, (10) cedIsaMvata : (124) 108, 109, 110, 114, (114) 115, caitya : 51. (115) 116, 122, 132, 173, 205, 207, cairaciMdha : 278. 25, 261, 264, 274, (274) 278, 279, coTIlA : 123. , 281, 282, 287, 347, 348, 350, 351. coravADa : 330, 331,

Page #414
bhAratavarSa ] ceAlA : 139; 143, 162, 128, 189, 252. caulukayavaMza : 266, 269, 270. cauraviMdo : 278. caMpradhAta : 309, 310, 336, caDAzAka : 169. caMdazrI--zrIcaMda : 20, 111, 112. caMdanA : 327. caMdanabALA : 328. caMdAzahera-caMdA--cAMdA : 7, 68, (68), 70, (70), jAnyuAM : 320. 150, 157. caMdra : (51) caMdragupta : 2, (2), (17), 18, 39, 41, (47), (para), 59, 61, 63, (63) 64, (64), 66, 94, (101), 112, 113, 123, 126, (137), (142), 149, 152, 156, 158, 160, (160), 161, 162, 166, 167, 168, 169, 171, (171), 172, 208, 209, 234, 238, 239, 240, 243, 248, 291, 296, 297, 298, 299, 305, 306, 309, 310, 311, 326, 336, 337, 338, 329, 342, 345. caMdragiri : 342. caMdralekhA : 232. caMpA : 319, 320, 323, 324, 327, 328. caMpAnagarI : 225 (313) 414, 321, 322, 324, 325, 352, 353. caMpApurI : 313. zuM? ane karyAM? $9 jagaciMtAmaNI : 329. chatarI : 246. attisagaDha : 153. chatrapaNuM : 190. chammAMNI : 327. chInnAnA zIkhAlekha : 39, 112, 130, 133. cheTAnAgapura : 68. [ 387 jagayApeTa stUpa : 117, 131, 133, 164. jajIgasUrI : 287, jabalapura : 313, 324, 325, jamanA : 321. jamagrAma : 326. jayapura : 6. jarAsaMdha : 323. jAtaka sthAe H 48. ja jasadaNa : 72, 123, 132, 134. jIjasakrAIsTa : 25. jItazatru : 331. jesalimara : 83. jaina : (30), 39, 40, 41, 42, 48, (49), (51), 76, 78, (78), 80, 181, 197, 198, 199, 200, 209, 213, 240, 244, 248, 293, 303. jaina AcArya : 34, 41, 204. jaina dIkSA : (171), 241. jaina maMdIra : 270, (270). jaina dharma : jaina saMpradAya. 3, 39, 81, 82 82, (83), (84), 84, 86, 94, 99, 100, (101), (102), 118, 119, 123, 124, 128, 133, 144, 145, 152, 173, (181), 184, 185, 186, 191, (191), 194, 191, 196, 199, 200, 209, 226, 245, 247, (257), 263, 264, 22, 304, 308, 312, 214, 318, 324. jaina sAdhu : (101), 119, 195, 353. jaina sAhitya : 16, 34, 39, 75, 81, 204, ra10, 211. jaina sUtra : 245. jaina saMskRti : 268, 270. junnera : 4, 39, 55, 68, 70, 71, (101), 131, 133, 142, (142), 171. junAgaDha : 72, 121, 123, 132, 134, 244, 201.

Page #415
388 ] zuM? ane kayAM ? [prAcIna 2 jodhapura : 83. tumaya : 302, jaMbIkA : 327. teliMga : 49. ubhImagAmaH 325, 326, 323, 324, (328). telugu 2, 3, 5, 45, 46, 48, (48), 50, jhArAma zarmA: 316, 317. (50), 51. telaMgaNaH 6, 8, (48) 73, (226). jhAMsI : 321. jhAmetika: 347, 348, 350, 351. tranakayiH 89, 91. trikaliMga : 90, 322. ToDaramala : 106. tricInepalI : 188. TelemI (grIka bhugoLavettA) 104, 114, (114), triramiH 69, 96, (96) 101, 124, 129, 278, 279, 302. 131, 132, 171, 200, 216, 244, 245, 247, 312. DravIDIyanaH 2, (2), 3, 45, (48). trirazmi zRMga: 115, 118, 127. DrImeTrIyasaH 84, 268. raikUTaka : (269) saiphUTaka vaMzeH 25, (101), 110, 124, 132, DhaMkagiriH 124. 133, 134, 244, 26, 270, 285. raikUTaka saMvatsara H 124. taraMgavati : 237. trirAzika : 211. talaguMda: 117, 131. talavAha nadI : 48, (49). dattarAjAH (243), 244. takSilA : 195, 225, 227, (239), 306, 315. dadhivAhanaH 319, 321, 323, 325, 327. tApI : 215, 228, 282. dazarathaH 89, 304. tAmIla : 14, (48). dakSamitrA : 119, 131. tibeTa : 188, 191, 303, 305. dakSiNa hiMda . 3, 24, 29, 46, 48, (48), 50, tiryaMca : 198. (50), (51), para, 53, 54, 55, 59, (60), tivara : 181. 64, 65, 71, 73, 76, 78, (79) 80, tivala H 178. 179, 180. 81, 84, 85, 109, 116, 122, 136, tirakAmaThAM : (sIkkA cinha) 162, 219. 139, 147, 141, 150, 162, (162), tissA : 303. 165, 167, 169, 170, (171), 172, tiSyarakSitA : 78. 179, 148, 149, 199, 191, 194, 204, tIrtha : 245. 209, 211, 222, 234, 257, 262, tIrthaMkara : (102), (15), 177, 178, 324. 263, 268, 269, 270, 271, 275, 286, tIrthadhAma (jaina) 247. 300, 339, 340, 352. turkastAnaH 188. dakSiNa patiH 185, 249. tugabhadrA : 7, 25, 26, 68, 74, 143, 173, dakSiNApatha : 85, 121, 204, 222, 277, 281. 284. dakSiNApathapatiH 89, 101, 103, (10) 105,

Page #416
bhAratavarSa ] * zuM? ane kyAM? [ 389 106, (121) 127 128, 134, 141, 185, betikaH jhAmotika, 122, 347. 186, 216, 220, 221, 222, 223, vajapratiSThA: 243. 224, 274, 281. dakSiNApathezvara H 101,(101), (103),104, (14), nagarapati: 105. 105, 106, (121), 128, 134, 221, nagadaH 326. 23, 237, 234, 235, 274. naka: 349. dakSiNAdhipatiH 215, 220. narmadA nadIH 165, 215, 216, 228, 28ra. dAmajadazrI : 347. navasArI: 143. dAmasena : 25 110. navanagaraH (105, 217, ra35, 238, 251, dinAra: 337. 258, 262. dina (102). navanagarapati : 235. dIpakaNuM : 208, 209, 211, 213, 256. navanara : (105). dihI yunIvarasITI : 296. navanarapati: 135, 104, 235. duryodhana : 323. navanara svAmi : 73, 105, 106, 217, 235, devagaDha: (83). 236, 238, devazuka: 121, 132, 216, 217. nahapANu kSaharATaH 35, (35), 40, 41, 6, 71, devapALa: 268. 72,73, 74, 75, (84) 94, 95, (95), daMDakAraNya : 7. 96, 100, (100), (101), 106, (114), daMtapuraH 323. 117, 118, 11, 120, 121, 128, 131, drAviDIyanaH 92. 133, 170, 171, 172, 173, 200. 201, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 223, 227, dhanAvaha : 327. 238, 239, 240, 243, 244, 245, 249, dhanakaTakaH juo dhAnyakaTaka 225, 226. 260, 261, 264, 275, 276, (276), 27, dharmaH 197. 282, 283, 312, 348, 349, (349), dharmAzoka 303, 304. 350, 351, 353. dharasena (saiphUTaka) 124, 133, 134, (269), naLarAjAH 321. nAgakanyAH (57). 287, dhAnyakaTaka (49), (68), 72, 147, 15ra. nAgArjunaH 41, 241, 242, 243, 245, 258, 259, 280. dhAravADa (47), 253. dhAriNIH 327, 328. nAganikAH 30, 33, 39, (53), 54, 50, 62, dhuTukuLa : 253. 63, (63), 66, 71, 76, 89, 90, (92), 112, 126, 143, 146, 147, 148, 149, dhuLAnaMda: 140, 253. dhaulI jAgaDAne zIlAlekha : (52), (65), 82, 151, 15ra, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159 162, 163, 202, 323. (82), 157, 167, 176, 177, (177), nAgadazakaH 253, 303. 178, 182, (222), 324, 345. nAgapUjAH 48, 4, (49), para, (52), 58, dhruvasena 124. 252,

Page #417
nA 390 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [prAcIna nAgamUlanikAH 117. 138, 139, 147, 143, 144, 150, 15ra, nAgara : 57, 198. 154, 15, 166, 171, 233, 252, 297, nAgarathika : 149, 318. nAgarAja : 257.. naMdavaza : (17), 30, (49), (51), 5, 6, 70, nAgavaMza : (49), 143. 91, 150, 153, (154), 156, 297, 298 318. nAnAghATa zilAlekha : 4, 11, 30, 33, 42, naMdIgrAma : 327. (42), 55, 63, (63), 89, 90, 92, naMdIvardhana, naMda paheleH (52), 53, 116, 139, (92), (93), 94, 111, 11, 126, 129, 140, 153, 166, 234, 103, 134, (136), 149, 157, 162, 163, 244, 323. nArakI : 198. paTaNa: 225, 346. pataMjalI: 30, 40, 59, 60, 65, 70, 78, nArAyaNa: (51). nAsika ane tenA zilAlekhaH 4, 11, 30, 39, [9, (9), 80, 82, 184, (185), 186, 191, 192, 318, 343, 345, 35ra. 41, 43, 54, 55, 61, 9, (69), 73, padumAvI: 73, 236. 89, 91, 96, (96), 97, 98, 99, 100, padmAvati : 323, (101), 110, 113, (113), 117, 119, pannavaNAkAra : 186. 124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, pavannA Agama sutra : 196. 133, 134, 142, (142), 162, 163, paryuSaNa parva : 196. 170. 173, 200, 201, 217, 218, 219, parazurAma : 56. 220, 223, 225, 229, 238, 239, 244, parazIyana : 122. 257, 260, 275, 284, 285, 286, 353. nAhaDa paramAra : 287. pahavAjha : 19, (52), 122, 139, 143, 162, nikaTara selyukasa nI kera : 252, 275, 276. pasAdika ka23. nizliva : 303. pazupati : 268, nijhAmIH 6, (48), 61, 68, 69, 150, 151, pazcima gaMdhAra . 343, 343. 178. pazcimadhATa : 143, 143. niSAda: 121. pazcima baMgALa : 373. niSadha dezaH 321. pazcima bhAratavarSa: 202, 222. niSadhA : 246, 248. pazcima hinda: 162. nepALa: 268, 270, 303, 395. pazcima kSatraH 266, (269), 347, 350. nemIkumAra : 331. pATalIputra : 84, 139, 165, 167, 168, 225, nemIkRSNa : 41. 227, 304, 305, 346. nemicaMdrAcAryaH 340. pANini : 86, (12), 343, 344, 345, 35ra, naMdaH (9), 11, (11), 48, 51, para, (ra), 13, 353. (53), 54, 55, 26, (56), 58, 61, 2, pAdaliptasUrI : 34, 41, 237, 24, 241, (241), 66, 18, 6, 116, 136, 13, (137), 24, 243, 244, 245, 259, 280.

Page #418
bhAratavarSa ] pAdaliptasthAna : 243, pAraDI (surata) : 124, 133, 134. pArathIyana : 122. pArasakuLa (kArasa) : 346. pArasI : 198. pArazIka : 204. pAlavaMzI : (79). pAlitANA pAlItAna : 243. pAlIstAna : 243. pAlIsthAna : 243. pAvA H 327, pAvApurI : 309, (310), 324, 326, 328, (328), 329, 330. pAzcAtya kSetrA : (25). pArzvanAtha : 309. pArzvanAthahIla-sametasIkhara : 326. piyAjIpadaka: 102, 105, 129. pUrNAtsaMga : : 26, 39, 163, 165. pUrNAMmAMtamAsa : 201. purANu : 7, 19, 23, 24, 26, 27, 58, 59. mrahmAMDa : 207. 33 ,, 35 ,, : 34, 204, 242, 243. bhAgavata : 213. matsya : (24), 58. yugapurANu : (3), 8, 34. vAyu : (42), 58. viSNu : : 58, 59, (59). 39 purANakAra H (25), (32). purikasena-puriMdrasena H zu? ane karyAM? purindrasena : 27, 42, 287. purIvartA : 3para. purAhita : (38), 70. pulakezI bIjo : (270). pulumAyI : 101. pulumAvI : (39), 41, (42), 43, 66, (72), 74, 94, 97, 98, 108, (108), 111, [ 391 112, 114, (114), 116, 164, 224, 225, 233, 234, 240, 277, 278, 279, 281, 287, 307. pulumAvI-gautamIputra yajJazrI :-114, 115, 279. pulumAvI-yajJazrI zAtakaraNI gautamIputra : 281. pulumAvI-svAmIzrI zAtakaraNI vAziSTaputra : 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, (108), 128, 129, 134, 220, 221, 224, 239. pulumAvI : hAla. jue hAla pulumAvI. pulusAkI : 344. pulemA zIvazrI vAsiSThaputra : 23, 273, 287. pulAmAna : 27. pulAmAvI padumAna H 26, 74. purvahiMda : 162. purvIparAkarAti H 162. pusapa6 : (49) pusApati : (49) puskara : 118, 131, 215 puskarAvati : 343. puchumA4 : 101. pezAvara : 343. paiTa : (142). paiTha : 39, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 151, 152, 170, 171, 172, 174, 225. paiThaNu : 5, (9) 29, 33, 34, 68, 69, (69) 70, 74, (79) 21, (101) (142) 171, 195, 217, 225, 235, 258, 262, 284. paiThaNupati H 255. paina (68) (70) jaina gaMgA : (70) paurANIka graMthA : 16, 19, 24, 47. puMkuDaka : 303. paMjAba H 158, 169, 194, 338. paMcadivyA : 327, pAMDuvAsa : 303.

Page #419
32 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [ prAcIna pAMDa : 323. baLabhAnuM : 80, 195. pAMcAla H 123, 315. bAhubaLI : 338, 339, 340, 341. pAMDava : 143, 162, 188, 189, 235, 252. baLazrI : 11 (35) 41, (71) 7ra, (5) 97, pAMDavyArAja : 64. 101 (101) 12, 105, 106, 127, 128, prabaMdha ciMtAmaNuM : 241. 170, 195, 202, 206, 207, 209, 210, pratiSThAnapuraH 11, 39. 68, 69 (69) 80, 160, 211, 213, 214, 217, 220, 223, 227, 174, 195, 279. (227) (229) 232, 234, 244, 245, pradeza rAjA=padezI=payezIH 331, 332, 333. 251, 259, 260, 274, 275, 276, 277. prayAga : 321. baLazrI gautamIputraH 257. prasenajIta : para, 312, 331, 332, 333, 346. bIkAneraH 83. priyadarzinaH (17) 18, 19, 25, 27, 28, 31, biMdusAra H (17) 64, 66, 73, 74, 70, (13) 40 (52) 58, 19, 60, 64 (64) 65 (65) 161, 12, 145, 166, 171, 172, 209, 66, 70, 72, 77, 78 (78) (80) 82, 291, 27, 299, 301, (12) (103) 104, (115) 119, 121, bIbIsAra : 72, 143, 226, 297, 305, 332. 149, 157, (160) 167, 168, 172, bIrabalaH 106. 176, 177 (177) 178, 179, 180, 181, bIrAra : 150. 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 148, 191, bIhAra: (9) 151, 161, 328, 333, 339. 192, 199, 235, 244, 248, 267, 268, bukarAya pahelAno zilAlekha : 268. 32, 303, 306, 313, 317, 324 (324) budelakhaMDa : 141. 330, 336, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, buddha : 301, 336. 344, 345, 346, 348. buddha bhagavAna : (76) 78, 243. buddhadeva * 297, 300, 307phatehacaMda : 355. buddha saMvata : 298, 300, 301, 302. rabasa sabhA : 355. che. bulacaMda: 296. phAhiyAnaH 320, 321.. bekhAravaizAliH 225. bejhavADA (49) 2, 73, 147, 128, 129, bANaH 106, 344. 15ra, 162, 225, 226. barmA : 301. bennA (kRSNa) 71, 72. banavAsI : 130. bennA kaTaka: 39, 71, 72, 3, , 7, 127, banArasa : 263. 152, 162, 195, 201, 216, 225, baravANI : 216. (226), 229, 236. balipucchaka : 59. bennAtaTa nagara=amarAvati : 72, 3, 100, 226, balucIstAna : 184. 229. bArabArano zilAlekha : 318. belagAma (47) bahamanasa: 55, 56, 58. belArI : 5. baLamitra : 40 (40) 80, 186, 194, 195. bAdhIkumAra : 335.

Page #420
jAtavarSa ] zuM? ane kayAM?. [ 303 badhirvazaH 253 bhAvanagara : 123. boTAda: 123. bhAsa : 196. baudhadharmasaMpradAya-3 (49), (51), 78, (8) 100, bhikhurAja (khAravela): 14, 141, (141) 142. (101), 119, 145, 165, 185, 186, bhUtAna : 303. 226, 247. bhUmaka kSaharATa : 1, 119. 127, 131, 200, bauddha sAhitya : 75. 347, 348, 349, 350, 351. bauddha sAdhuo: 101, 172, bhisAH 83, 92, 93, 94, 127, 279, 324, baudha : 242. 334, 329, 330, 343, baMgALaH 90, (313), 319, 323, 321, 323, bhIla: 204. 324, 326, 327. bhilsAstUpaH 239. bamana H 58. bhegapura : 327. bRhatkathA : 11, 106, 203, 237. bhoja: 236. bRhaddastha : 80, 85, 344. bhejake : 150.. bRhaspatimitraH 23, 75, 147, 185, 318. bhejadeva : 233. balagiri ane zilAlekha : 167, 303, 342. bhepAla sTeTa : 329. brahmAMDa purANa: 203. bhUtya, dhRtyAH 66, 85, 154, 159, 167, 172, brAhmaNakuLa: 194, 257. 179, 181, 185187, 286. mAhmaNaH 56, 57, (57), 58, 79, 126, 137, bhaMgaDhaH 340. (144), 186. bhaMgadeza : 352. brAhmaNadharmaH 124, 145, 263. saMgI: 196. bAhmI : (120). maka-sIrIyA 302. bhagavata purANa : 213. magadha sAmrAjya : 8, 23, 53, 54, 55, 61, 62, bhaTTAraka: 269. 112, 116, 147, 147, 141, 152, 153, TIparalakA: 91. 154, (154) 157, 158, 165, 172, bhadrabAhuH 39, (101), (12), 160, (160), (185), 252, 253, 254, 298, 305, 338, 339, 340, 342. 321, 323, 333, 376. bhadAyanIya : 11. magadhapati; magadhasamrATaH 14, 23, (24), 30, bharUca : 242, 243. 53, 54, 58, 60, 67, 64, 66, 68, 72, bhavabhUti: 106. 76, 77, 116, 123, 126, 134, 138, bhAga (40), 194, 195, 239. 139, 147, 141, 143, 147, 157, 156, bhAgalapuraH (313), 319, 323, 321, 323, 323. 161, 165, 169, 171, (185) 233, bhAnumitra: 40, (40), 80, 186, 194, 195, 291, 296, 27, 298, 299, 303, 312, bhAradUta : 326. 018, 335, 345, 352. bhAradUta stUpa: 306, 307, 308, 312, 13, magadha mahAmaMtrI: 226. 314, 315, 325, 327, 324, 332, 346. maDApaccIzIH 233. - 50

Page #421
394 ] maH 103. machama pAvA : jIe madhyama apApA maNIprabha : 337. zuM? ane karyAM? matsyapurANu : (24), 58 mathurA 84, (84) 225, 227, 306, 312, 315, 330, 348, 351. mathurApati H 311. mathurA siMhastaMbha : 348, 349, 351. madrAsa H 5, (48) 222, 225, 307. madurA : (48) 188, madhyadezAdhipati : 200 madhyaprAMnta : 5, 70, (72) 141, 149, 150, 151, 161, 190, 313, (313) 319, 324, 325, 326. madhyama apApA : 309, 310, (10) 311, 313, 324, 327, 329. madhyama pAvAnagarI jIe madhyama apApA manamADa H 107, 109, 128, 247. manusaMhitA H 56. maphaH 121. mayaNullAdevI : 253, 270. mayura : 8, 106. mayura pASaka : 156. malakhAra : (48) 23 5. malaya : 103, 204, 204, 207, 233, 234, 235, 237. malayavatI H 203, 204, 207, 232, 237. malAyalama : (48) makSa : 143, 144, 252. mallikazrI jJAtakaraNI, vasata : 26, 33, 39, 64, 65, 66, 71, 143, 152, 158, 161, 162, 163, 165, 172, 183, 184, 188, 190, [ prAcIna mahAkAzala : 61, (313), 319, 331. mahArika : jIe mahArathI mahArathI : 89, 90, 91, 146, 148, 149, 151, 153, 158, 25ra, 253, 323. mahArASTra : 25, 26, 116, 140, 150, 257. mahArAjya : pa. mahAgaMgara : (102), 119. mahAcaitya : 100, 128, 226, 239, 244, 247, 303, 308. mahAnaMdI 172. mahAnaMda (naMda .navamA) : (17), 56, (56) 58, 62, 63, 64, 6, 74, 14, 153, 154, (154), 156, 157, 158, 161, 167, 233, 345. mahApadma (naMda khIjo) : 30, (56) 56, 58, 134, 127, (137) 138, 149, (139), 140, 143, 153, 154. mahAbhArata H 7, (109). mahAbhAjI : 117, 25ra. mahAbhAjaka : 149, 353. mahAvijaya : 226, 239, 308. mahAvijaya prasAda : 72, 226, 239. mahAvideha : 145. mahAvIra : 78, (80), (83) 117, 144, 178, 248, 297, 300, 309, 310, (310), 311, 313, 314, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 333, 334, 342. mahAvIra saMvata H 117, 267, 298, 302, 303. mahAvihAra : 337. mahAsena rAjA: 309, 310. mahAsena vana : 309, (309); 310, 329. mahAhakusarI : 91, 92, (92), 233, mahAkSatrapa : 103, (177), 186, 205, 252, 285, 346, 347, 349, 350, 351. malavalli : 16, 130. maskinA zilAlekha : 176, 108, 179, 180, mahisura : jIe maisura 181, 182. mahu : 215.

Page #422
bhAratavarSe ] mahendra : 41, (57), 103, 165,203, 209, 210, 222, 237. mahendra dIpakarNI : jIe mahendra mahendra zAtakarNI : 201. mAgaSa H 8. mADharIputra : 39, (40), 64, 66, 75, 76, 94, 95, 96, 110, 127, 131, 133, 163, 164, 168, 172, 176. zu? ane kAM ? 200, mALavA : 83, 93, 127, 214. mALAdevI : 346. minenDara : 84, 268. misara : 191. mihirakula : (159). mADharIgAtra H 160. mADharIputra zAtakI; jIe zAtakarNI mADharIputra. mAtharIputra; jue mADharIputra. mANIyAla stUpa: 306, (306), 315. mAnavyAsa gAtra : (51). mAmADa : 99, 106. mAmAla : 99, 128. mAMgIra : 90. mAyAdevI : 346. mAlayaleAkaH 118, mauryaprajA : 11, (51), (142), 143, 2para. mAlavikA : 30, 40, (52), (57), 70, 81, 90, mAyaOvaMza : (17), 30, 51, (51), pa9, 65, 66, 73, 149, 323. mAdeza : 3para. 77, (79), 80, 82, 91, 94, 112, 117, 123, 139, 153, 169, 172, 185, 186, 222, 244, 297, 298, 299, 310, 344. mAya sAmrAjya : 18, 79, 195, 304. maiAya sAmrATa : 19, 64, 85, 167, 239, muMja : 236. muMDAnaMda : 91. muMdra : 298, 335. muMbai ilAkA : 150. mulavAsara (AkhA) : 72, 122, 132, 134. musATIva : 303. murzIdAbAda : 333. suzIkanagara : 8. muLarAja solaMkI 124. muLavAsara : juo mulavAsara muLAnaMda : (47), (para), 15, 75, 91, 139, 140, 141, (148), 253. megasa : 302, megesthinijha : 167, 168, 169, 297, 299. meDhikA : 327. meDhiyagAma : 327. medhavAhana : 333. medhasvAti : 26, 40, 41, 81, 194, 196, 199, 201, 224, (257). medhAsvAti : 36, (36). merUtugAcArya : 241. mevADa : 82, mesIDAnIyA : 302. maisura H (48) 90, 116, 117, 130, 131, 167, 235, 339. maitrakA : (125). mejhIjha : 268, 205. 248, 296, 337, mAya saMvata H 117, maMdasAra : 215, [ 395 matalaka-pattalaka : 26, 232, 256, 287. mhe : 203, 200, 247, 249, 250, 252, 262, 267, 317. mRgendra 2 200, 201. mRgendrasvAtikaNu=moMndra : 26, 41, 201, 237. mRgAvatI : 327, 336. ya yamunA : 320. yavana : (137) 203, 217, 260. vanapati : 168.

Page #423
396 ] = zuM? ane kayAM? [ prAcIna yavanarAja : 301, 302. rAjanagara : 169. yavane rAjya : 165. rAjapiDa : 353. yavanarANIH 167. rAjaputAnA : 115. . yazodAmana : 25. rAjA : 201. yazovarmana : 233. rAjAvulaH (84), 261, 264, 348, 349, yajJazrI : 27, 30, 33, 39, 43, (52), 62,63, 350, 351. 66, 70, 71, 74, 76, 91, 96, 111, rAyapura : 178. 112, 114, 114, 115, 126, 130, 133, rAvaNa (13). 134, 143, 148, 149, (149), 150, rASTi : (9), (50), (51), 150. 151, 15ra, 153, 154, 156, 157, rASTivaMza : 270. 164, 307. rAkSasa : 57. yajJazrI caitamIputra: 146, 147, 158, 171, 172, rA : 253. - 183, 190, (274). raktavarNa : 41, 213. yazrI gautamIputra pulumAvI : 114, 279. sajuvAlikA nadI : 325, 326, 327. vanazrI zaitamIputra vibhivAyakarasaH 95, 6, 12, rUdra mahAkSatrapa : 107, 108, 24 218, 219, 220, 224. rUdradAmana mahAkSatrapa : 4, (51), ura, 74, 75, yazrI zAtakaNuM maitamIputraH juo zAtakaNuM zrIyajJa (85), (103), 104, (104), 105, (105), autamIputra 107, 108, 109, 110, 114, 115, zrIyA zAtakaNuM viziSTaputraH juo zatakaNuM zrIya (115), 121, 122, 126, 132, 134, vAziSTaputra. 173, (177), (223), 284, 285, 345. yAda : 330. rUdradAmAM 346, 347, 348, (348). yuktaprAnta : 330 rUdrabhUti mahAkSatrapa 108, 19, 110. 122, yugapurANa (3), 8, 34, 213, 222. 132, 285, 286. yudhiSThira : 258, 264, rUsena: 108, 109, 132, 134, 285. tharka : 330. rUdrasihaH 108, 109, 110, 122, 123, 132, yoddheyAjha : 121, 122. 134, 285, 347. yonapati : 268. rUpanAthane khaDakalekha : 303, 313, 314, 324, sAmetikaH 347, 350. juo hRtika 325, 327. rUmInDIyA 303. rajajuka: 328. rUSabhadatta zaka : 40, 73, (95), 96, (96), (101) ratalAma : 215. (113) 117, 118, 119, 121, 127, rathAvatanaga : 244. 131, 132, 133, 10, 171, 200, 21, rayAvarta H (13), 11, 200, 244, 245. 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 238, 239, rasapaka: 122, 132. 241, 243, 245, (245), 249, 260, rAjagRhI : 322, 328. 264, 275, (276), (277), 315, 353. rAjataraMgiNi (108). rUSabhadeva 71, 75, 244,

Page #424
bhAratavara]. zuM? ane kayAM?. [ 37 rakSaH kakSa. 103, 171, 20", 244, 245. varADaH (68) 70, (70) 73, 90, 141, 142, rakSavata H 103, 171, 149, 150, 151, 190, 323. rakSAvarta : 247. varAhamIhIra : 39, 160, 266. revatAcaLa H 124. varAsaMhitAH 8, 160. revAbudelakhaMDa: 61, 141. varaMgula : 41, (49) 68, 72, 73, 74, 151, revA rAjya : 153. 15ra, 169, 100, 195, 225, 226, (26) rohagupta : 211. vallabhi : 269, 270, valabhipuraH (125) valuraka : 99, 121, 128, 129, 131. lAdezaH 204, (25) 228, 235, 269, 281, vasumati : 327, 328. 35ra, 353. vahinara : 335. lilAvatI : 232. vaziSThagotra : 76, 164. lichavi (47) 109, 122, 138, 143, 2para laMbodara 26, 36, 40, 186, 194. vAcaspati : 41, 56, 106, 146. vANiyAH 198. vAyupurANa (42) vakragrIva : 62, 151, 154, 153. vAzigotra : 41, 56, 146, 274. vagaDuprajAH (49) vAziSThaputraH 40, (40) 41, 42, (42) 43, vajaH (14) 65, 66, 72, 74, 75, (92), 101, 12, vajAbhumi : 333, 334, 35ra. (103) (104) 146, 157, 159, 164, vajIsvAmiH (103) 176, 182, 184, 202, 207, 223, 324, vajasurIH (103), (171) 244. 234, 244, 247, 248, 259, 264, 274, vajasenasUrI : (171) 276, 277, 278, 279, 283, 284, varjhaSka: 311. 285, 287. vaNArasIH 322. vAziSThaputra kRSNa bIje juo kRSNa vaziSThaputra vatsa : 336, 337. vaziSThaputra capaNa zAtakaraNa : 111, 134, vatsagotrI : 120. 197, 273, 274, 279. vatsapati 321, 325, 334, 35ra. vAziSThaputra pulazivazrI : 273, 283. vatsadeza : 323, 335. vAziSThaputra pulumAvIH juo pulumAvI vAziSThaputra vadazrI: 146. vaziSThaputra zAtakaNa juo zAtakaraNa vAziSThaputra: vasatasavadatazrI. 63, 66, 76, (90) 112, 94, 104, 105, 107, 108, 108, 127, 129, 145, 146, 153, 154, 156, 157, 134, 207, 233. 158, 159, 160, 161, 12, 163. vAziSThaputra zAtakaNuM pulumAvIH 66 76, 90, vasatazrI, malika zAtakaNuM: 143, 152, 162, 92, 93, 100, 107, 12, 134, 206, 165, 172, 221, 224. vardhamAnapurI= vaDhavANa 124. vaziSThaputra zAtakaNuM yAzrI: 273, 283. vararUcI: 343, 345, vAziSThaputra zAlivAna-catrapaNa: 278,

Page #425
398 ] vAsudeva : 275. vAsavadattA : 335 (331) 336, 337. vAheDa : 243, 244. vAhikakuLa : 144. vikrama : 244, 258, 271, 280, vikramacaritra : 94, 207, 280, 281. vikramAditya : 196, 203, 204, 223, 236,286. vikramAditya zakAri gabhilavaMzI : 8, (29), 33, 34, 35, 41, 70, 71, 94, (102,) 106, 206, 207, (207) 213, 214, 215, 216 217, 218, 222, 223, 228, 229, 235, 244, 249, 250, 251, 2para, 259, 260, 267, 275, (276) 280, 287, 347. vikramazakti=hAla vikramAditya=kuM tala=kuMtala zAtakaNI vizalazIla : 207, 207, 233, 237, vikramasaMvata H 196, 249, 250, 251, 262, 266, 267, 268, 201, 277, 287. vikramAditya zAtavAhana vaMzI : 202, 203, 206, vikramAditya zudraka (207) 213. vikramAditya zakti : 233, 237. zuM? ane kAM ? vikRSNa : 41, 213. vijaya : 27, 303. vijayanagara : 7, 25, 29, 43, 68, 74, 116, 179, 193, 268, 284. vijayAnagaraH jIe| vijayanagara vijayaMta nagara=vijayanagara : 116 vijayAbhinaMdana : 258. vijaya staMbhanA zilAlekha : (79) vijayeMndrasUrI : 316, 319, vijAgApaTTama H 6. vijayapaTTaNa : 225. vidarbha : : 40, 234, hAla=zAla=zAlivAhana=kuMtala=vikrama-vaidikagraMthA : 34. (52) 70, 85, 90, 103, 194, 327, vidizA : : 93, 185, 225, 329, 330. viyikurasa gAtamIputra kRSNubIjo : 183, 224. videDha : 8, 47, (47) para. 13. vidhyAcaLa : 68, 103, 165, 190, 204, 215, 222, 235, 280, 281, 282, 323, 324, vimaLagIrI : (124) 244. vimaLAcaLa : 244, viyutha : 302. virajI: (310) virapurUSadatta : 117, 131, 133, 164. viravalaya : 168, virAra : 194. vilIvAyakurasa gautamIputra=kRSNe khIjo : (159) 163. vilivAyakurasa, yajJazrI, gautamIputra : 39, (39), 40, (40), 62, 74, 95, 96, 142, 159, (159) 172, 187, 218, 224, 233, 2para. vedazrI vesari 89, 91. 159 veNA : juo kRSNA : 72. vaijayaMti : 96, 98, 99, 117, 173, 216. vaidika : 3, 40, 42, 43, 247, ['prAcIna vaidikadharma : (30) 77, 78, (79), 81, 85, 86, 124, 133, 173, 184, 185, 186, 191, (191), 194, 191, 196, 199, 211, 247, 287, 293, 318. vaidika sAhitya : 75. vaidika saMskRti : 270, vaideha : 8, 47. jaina : (68), (70). vainagaMgA : juo vaina vaizAlI : 225, 327, 328. vaizya : 198, 329. vADavA stupa : 84. vaMga : 90. vaMza : 153, 323. vaza: AMdhra jIe AMdhravaMza vaMza-ikSvAku H 58. jIe IkSvAkuva'za

Page #426
= bhAratavarSa ] zuM? ane kyAM? vaMza kanya 47 ,, kanvavaMza zaka kSatrapa : 202, 206, 207, 221. A kAradamaka juo kAradamakavaMza : 108. zakAri vikramAditya : jAo vikramAditya akAri. , gardabhIla ,, gadaMbhIlavaMza zaktikumAra : 69, 90, 92, 159, 233. , cakaNaH 4, 22, 25, (26), (28), 29, zaktizrI : 91, 126. 30, (37). zata, zatavaMza, zatavahanavaMza, zatavahana : 2, 4, 6, , cedI: juo cedI vaMza : 140. - 7, 8, 9, 10, (11), 12, 13, (13), 15, , saiphUTaka , zaikUTaka vaMza : 250. (15), 16, 18, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, , nAga , nAgavaMza : (49). 26, 28, 31, 32, 46, 49, (49), 50, , naMda , naMdavaMza : 17, 30, 49, (51) (50), 51, (51), para, (52), 53, 55, , maurya , mAryavaMza : 17, 30. 56, 58, 19, (68), 73, 4, 5, 77, , zatavahana : juo zatavahanavaMza. 80, 81, (92), 106, (107), 113, 115, , zRMga , zuMgavaMza. 116, 125, 136, 137, 143, 143, 145, vRddhirAja H 140. 148, 149, 151, 160, 164, 167, 170, vRSabhasena : 78, 184, 185, (185). 173, 174, 182, 186, 187, 149, 194, vRzALa : 59, 195, 196, 202, 26, 217, 218, 219, vRzalabalI : 47. 222, 232, 233, 235, 238, 239, 240, vaiyAvRtya : 327. 244, 249, 25, 25, 254, 259, 260, 261, 267, 264, 286, 287. zaka: 8, 22, 32, 70, 95, 9, 114, 127, zatavAhana : 10, 15, (15). 103, 200, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, zatakaraNa : 2, 8, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 234, 250, 251, 258, 259, 26 0. 262, 33, (52). 266, 269 (269) 265, 279, 346, zatavahana kuMtala : juo kuMtala zatavahana 347, 350, 351, 353. zatAnIka : 319, 321, 322, 325, 327, 328. zakALa : 345. zatayAna : 10. zaka pravartaka : 265, 274. zatasaraNa : 16. zakarAjAo, zakapati, zakabhUpatio : 22, 30, 31, zatazrI : 145. 32, 33, 34, 213, 214, 216, 223, zatruMjaya : 34, 94, 124, (124), 229, 240, 228, 249, 266, 275. 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 252, zakasaMvata, zakasaMvatsara : 16, 17, 28, 29, 31, 279, 346. 35, (36), 37, 75, 234, 251, 252, zarazrI : 232. 257, 258, 261, 262, 263, 265, 266, zAka : 266, 267. 267, 268, 270, 271, 275, 276, zAke : 271, (271). - (276), 277, 286, 287, 350. zAkaTAyana : 345, 353. zaka zAlivAhana: juo zaka zAlivAhana, 77, 234. zAkarSa : 143. zakasthAna : 266. zAyamuni H 301. zakasena : 94, 95, 127, 133. zAta : 2, (3), 4, (7), 9, 11, 12, 20, 23,

Page #427
400 ] zuM? ane kyAM? [prAsana 34, 9, 111, 143. 144, (178), 213, zAtakaraNI zrImalika juo zrImalika zAtakaNI, 223, 259. - 165, 172, 183, 189. zAtakanI : 89. zAtakaraNI mahendra : jue mahendra zAtakaraNI. zAtakaraNiH 2, 9, (9), (10), 11, (11), 12, zatakaraNa vAziSThaputra : 94, 104, 105, 107, 14, 26, 27, 28, (28) (29), 31, 33, 108, 109, 127, 134, 200, 224, 233, 5, (36), 39, 41, 42, (42), 43, 59, 246, 247, 260, 273. 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66, 71, 04, 5, zAtakaraNa vAziSThaputra pulumAvI H 92, (92), 94, 76, 77, 78, 70, 80, 81, 82, 85, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 134, 89, 90, 93, (93), (94), (95) 96, (96), 173, 260. 97, 98, 9, 100, (100), (101), 103, zAtakaraNI zrIya vAziputra : 224, 273. 104, 105, (105), 106, 107, 108, zAtakaraNI zaitamIputra svAmI zrIyaDa vilivAyakurasaH (108), 111, 112, 113, 117, 121, 95, 96, 111, 112, 113, 126, 130, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 133, 134, 143, 146, 147, 158, 171, 133, 134, 136, 147, 143, 144, 172, 1837, 192, 218, 224, 273, 278, 152, 167, 170, 172, 176, 177, 281 282, 287. 108, 179, 180. zAtakaraNI zrImukha : juo zrImukha zAtakaraNuM, zAtakaraNa : 181, 12, 18, 185, (185), 136, 171. 186, 149, 190, (191), 192, 196, zAtakaraNI hAla : juo hAla zAtakaraNa : 94. 201, 203, 204, 205, 217, 234, 239, zAtavAna : zAlivAhana : 234. : (245), 248, 264, 287, 311, 354. zAtavahana : 4, 9, (9) 11, 15, (15), 103, zAtakaraNa kuMtala : juo kuMtala zAtakaNuM. (103), 113, 116, 126, 143. zAtakaraNI zrIkRSNaH 157, 173, 177, 190. zItavAhana : 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, (11), 15, zAtakaraNI zaitamIputra ariSTakarNa : 94, (95), 58,89, 91, 92, 117 (136), 146,(202). 96, (96), 97, 98, 100, (100), 101, zAMtavAhana hAla juo hAla zAtavAhana. 104, 121, 127, 128, 131, 170, 176, zIla, hAla vikramAditya-zAlivAhana 16, 144, 233. 190, 200, 205, 206, 207, 213, 215, zAlAkara : 343. 218, 219, 220, 245, 249, 261, 273, zolavAna : 2, 34. 274, 275, 277, 287. zAlavahana : 2, 16, 34, zAtakaraNI gatamIputra svAmI zrIyajJa-vilIvAyakurasa: zAlavAhana : 2, 11, 15. 95, 96, 111, 112, 113, 126, 10, zAlivAhana zaka : 2, 13, 16, 20, 20, 34, 133, 134, 143, 146, 147, 158, 171, 57, (57) 58, 69, (92) (103) 106, 172, 183, 190, 218, 224, 273, 278, 144, 195, 210, 211, 233, 234, 236, 281, 282, 287. 238, 247, 249, 250, 251, 252, 258, zAtakaraNa catrapaNu, vaziSThaputra H (92), 111, 259, 267, 26, 262, 267, 265, 267, 134, 190. 268, 270, 274, (276) 277, 278, 247, cAtakaraNI mADharIputra : 172. zAlivAhana vikramAditya kuMtalaH 237.

Page #428
bhAratavarSa] zAlivAhana hAla, jIe hAla zAlivAhana : 159. zAlizuka : 177, 180, zAlahANuM : 278. zikArapura : 117. zikAhAbAdaH 330. zImuka : 11. zImukha : 11, 39, 47, 48, 90, (13) zImeAgA : 116. zilAlekha: 198, 300, 306. "" .. "" 23 ,, wr nAzIkatA jue nAzIka : 4, 11, 30, 41, 43. nAnAbATanA jIo nAnAmrATanA zilAlekhA. priyadarzinanA, priyadarzina : 58, (60) ArabAranA khArakhAranA zilAlekheAH 318. murAya pahelAnA jue mukkarAya pahelAnA zilAlekhaH 268. 39 haDALAnA jIe, haDALAnA zilAlekhaH 124. hAthINuMkAnA, jIe hAthINuMkAnA zilAlekha. zivaH (51) 203. "" zivamaka : 111. zivaskaMdha : 27, 43, 283. 23 zuM? ane kAM? "" azAka : jIe azekanA zilAlekhA (78) kanDerInA jIe kanherI : 4, (42) 43, para, 55, (71) chInnAnA jIe chInnA : 39 jInheranA jIo junnera zivaskaMdhavarmana : 117, 273. zivasvAti : 27, 42, 81, 126, 173, 186,256, (257) 258, 261, 267, 264, 271, 287, zivazrI pulemA vAzipuitra: 27, 43, 116, 273, 283, 287. zivalakurasa : 163, 164, 187. zizuSka : 11, (136) zizunAga : 143, 144. zizunAgavaMza : 22, (49) 117, 143, 233, 238, 297, 298, 335, bng zruMga : 185, 186, 344, 353. thaMgabhatya : 60, 86, (142) thaMgapatiH 86. zuMgavaMza : (2) (11) 22, 30, (30) 40, (para) 65, 66, 70, 75, (9) 80, 82, 83, 84, 90, (92) 23, 143, 147, 149, 168, 173, 191, 194, (239) 308, 318, zudrakaH 206 207, zudraka vikramAditya juo vikramAditya zudraka : 206, (207) zaiArIpura : 330, 331. zArIrAjA : 330. zaMkara : 256, 257, 262. zIvajI : 247. [ 401 zeSa H 57, 257. zaivamArgI : (49). zyAmaka : 127, 200, 328. zyAmAcAya jIo kAlikasUrI : 186, zrI. bhagavAna zrI. AdyazaMkarAcArya : 270, 271. zravaNu elagAla : 160, 339, 342. zrAvasti : 332, 334, 352. zrIkRSNa jue kRSNa : 33, 39, 43, (63) zrIcaMdra : 43, 111, 112. zrImuka : 205. zrImukha : 6, 8, 9, (9), (11), 22, (22), 23, 26, 30, 31, 33, 39, (47), (48), para, (para), 13, 54, 55, (56), 59, 60, 61, (61), 62, 63, (63), 66, 68, 69, 70, 75, 76, 82, 90, 112, 113, 126, 136, (137), 138, (138), 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, (11), 151, 154, 156, 157, 158, 170, 172, 174, 253, 254, zrImukha zAtakaraNI : 101; 318, zrIdra 3 43. zrIstana : 103.

Page #429
402 ] zreNIka: khIkhIsAra : (para), (64), (137), 143, 144, 148, 149, 166, 226, 27, 298, 301, 322, 326. zvetagIrI: zreSTagIrI : 103. zvetAMbikA : 3para. sa saccaurI maMDaNa : 330, sata : 15. satakaNI : 15. satI : 15. satyapura : 329. satyaputta : 129. sadana kaLalAya mahArathI : 90, 253. sadakanI : 15. : 330, 331. sAketa H 315, 316. sAceAra : 328, 329, 330. sAta : 4, 15, 19, 256. sAtakaNI : 15. sAtakarNI : 4. sAtakIM zrIkRSNa : 157. sAtakarNI zrImallika : 26. zuM? ane karyAM? sisuka : 205. sadasat : 65. saptati : 236. samayasuMdara : 330, samudra vijaya : sistAna : 347. siMha : 178. siddhagiri H (102). siMhadvAra H 306. : sameta zIkhara : 181, 324, 326, 345, 346. siMhadhvaja : (349). sarasvati daivI : 351. sahasrazAmanA khaDaka lekha : 267, 302, 303. sAtapuDA : cha. sAtavAhana : 12, (202), (203), 241, 243. sAtavAhana vaMza : 205. sAmalIpada : 105, 129. sAranAtha stupa : (306), 315, 342. sAvasthi : 332. sAhIo : 346. simphAlekha : 306. sitAmeSa : 232. siMdha : 204, 235, 346, 347. siMdhunadI : 343, 346, * siMdhu-sAvIra : 121, 225, 334. siddAgIrI : 167, 342. siddhAcaLa=vimaLagiri : 124, (124), 244. siddhArtha : 333. siddhapura : 303. siddharAja jayasiMha H (243), 253. [ prAcIna simukha : 89, (136), 145. siriyA : 188, 191, 302, sivalakura=zIvalakura : 95, 96. sileAna : 165, 166, 172, 253, 306, (306). siMhala : 204, 222, 232. siMhaladvipa : 191, 203, 233, 235, 236, 249, 250, 251, 262, 301, 304. siMhalapati : 303. siMhalamalaya : 204, 232, 237. siMhasUrI : 34, 266. siMhasthaMbha : 348, 349, 350, suDAkheterI : 233. sudarzana taLAvanA prazasti lekha : (60), (65), (85), (103), 104, 105, 155, 122, 123, 126, 129, 177, (177), 180, 223, 238, 284, 345, 346. suMdara : 27, 42, 287. sunaMdA : 226. supratibaddha : (83), (102). suzramanya : pa6. subrAhmaNya : pa.

Page #430
bhAratavarSa ]. zuM? ane kyAM? [ 403 subhadrA : 41, 209, 232. saMdhasvAti : saudAsa. 40, 196, 109. surata : 143, 134. saMcayapurI 329. surASTa: 121, 234, 235. saMmati=saMbAtipriyadarzinaH (65), (78), (80), sureza : 57. 83, (83), 178, 179, 148, 244, 298, suvarNasiddhi : 242. 299, 304, 317, suvAstu : 343. saMyukta prAnta : 263. suvizAkha : 122. saMvata= saMvatsara-aMjana : 300 suzarmana : 47. . IsvIne : 251. susumAra : 327, 328. , kalacurI (124), 13ra. susthita H (83), (12). caSmaNa. juo ca9Na saMvata : 172. suhasti H (12), 119. , cedI. juo cedI saMvata : 124. senTrala provinsIsa : 323. vaikuTaka. juo vaikuTaka saMvatsara : 124. seDhagIrI : 103.. , buddha. juo buddha saMvata. sekeTasa : 149, 169, 291, 296, 297, , mahAvIra juo mahAvIra saMvata : 117, 299, 300, 301, 305, 306, 317, 14. 336, 345. , mauryaH 117. juo maurya saMvataH sanDezaka : 169. , vikama. juo vi, saMvata : 249 setavyanagara : 331, 332. , , zaka zAlivAhanaH 16, 17, 28, 29, seMndraka nAga : 49, (49), (103). 31, 35, (36), 37, juo zakasevIya : 731. zAlivAhana. selyukasa nI keTegara : (52) 64, 165, 167, 168, , , kSaharATa, juo kSaharATa saMvatsara : 131 169, 297, 299, 301. saMtrijI (47). 53, 143, 252, 253. sadAsa 350. sahyAdri ghATa : 7, 61, 103, 117, 143, 247. sopArA : 70. sAMcIH 185, 215, 229, 244, 245, 247, sepArakanagara : 68, 244, 245. 252, 312, 314, 315, 316, 324, 328, semadeva : 207, 329, 337. selaMkI : (243), 253. sAMcI stupa: 41, 82, 92, 93, 94, (103), selaMkIvaMza : 200, 270. (185), 204, 239, (239), 246, 248, saubhadrA : 203, 237. 306, (306), 39, 310, 311, 314, saidAsa=saMdhasvAti : 40, 196, 199, 200, 201. 330, 337. sairASTrasUraTha : 25, 42, 94, 103, (103), skaMdhagumaH 65, 66. 115, (115), 126, 173, 180, 203, aMdasvAti : 26, 205, 237. 204, 207, 214, 216, 229, 241. skaMdhasthaMbha kRSNa bIje. 243, 244, 269, 275(26), (277), skaMdhaspezI : 26, 40. 279, 281, 282, 283, 284, 346, 34. svapaH 229, 245, 246, 306, (306), 309, saMghamitrA: 165. 314, 329,

Page #431
404 ] zuM? ane kayAM? [prAcIna ' stupa-amarAvatI. juo amarAvati stupaH306,407 hAla : 26, 35, (35) (6) (42) 66,92, 21*, , anurUddhapura , anurUddhapuraH 306 232, 234, 236, 238, (241) 244, 256, , udayagiri , udayagIrI stupaH 306 257, 258, 261, 262. hAla zAtavAhane : 206, 208. , takSilA , takSilA; 306. bhArahuta , bhArahata stupara 306, 307. hAla pulumAvI vAsichiputraH 127, 129 hAla vAziSTIputra ra79. ,, mathurAM , mathurA: 306. stupa mANI kyAlane juo mANIkayAlallupa 306. 4. hAla vikramAditya zAla-zAlivAhana=kuMtala zAtakaNI vikramazakti : 207, 233. , sAranAtha juo sAranAtha svapaH (306). staMbha staMbhalekha : 178, 198, 245, 300. hAla catrapaNa vAsichiputraH 280. , sAMcI : (239) 264, 305, 342. hAla zAtakaraNa pulumAvI : 94, 144, 240, 253. syulIbhadra : (102.). hAla zAlivAhanaH (103) 106, 126, 144, 159, svastikaH (51) 190, (195) 209, 232, 240, 241, 243, svAmI : 113, 114, (114) 115, 281, 282, 245, 251, 257, 22, 267, 274, 280, 287. : 286. hAlAraH 22, (124) svAta : 348. hindI dvipakalpaH 188. svAti : 26. hindI zaka: 275. svAtikarNa mRgendraH 41, 201, 25, 2007, 200, hindu: 293. 209, 211, 213, 237, 238. hindu saMskRtiH 268. svAtivaNuM 26. himAlaya : 268, 304, 305, 324. haviSka : 275. hakasiri zatisirimataH 89, 91, 92, (92) 159, hemacaMdra : 278, 247, hakuzrI : 146. hemacaMdrasUrI-hemacaMdrAcArya : 309. haDALA: 124. hari: (1945) haihayAjha : (50), 51. harIhara : 268. hayuena sAMga : 3, 4, 315, 320, (20) haritiputraH (51) 116, 117, 130. kSata: 56, hasana jIllA : 267. kSatrapa : 25, (25), 40, 43, 72, 110, 122, hastagiri H (124) 186, 266, 269,(269), 275, 285, 312. hastinApura : 323. kSatriyaH 57, (57), 131, 198, 253. hastIpAla : 309. kSaharATa : 35, 66, 71, 73, (84), (95), 6, hAtakaNIH 92. 97, 100, 106, 11, 120, (120), 131, hAthI sikkAcinha : 176, 324. 170, 173, 200, 203, 215, 217, 219, hAthIguphAnA zilAlekha : 4, (4) 6, 8, 23, (49) 221, 227, 239, 243, 245, 252, 260, 268, 269, 275, 349, 353. 54, (61) 68, 69, 90, 92, (92) 94, 100, 117, 128. 100, 133, (141) 142, kSudrajAti : 164. 150 168 22 24. ra4,ra5ra kSemagupta H (109). 306, 308, 311, 313, 318, 354, kSemarAja : 140,

Page #432
paMbava nA " vAliyara nAva eMsI * mahonA, kaMTALo kaucAMbI khA khAI nANArasI banArasa nAlaMdha 2Aja, s rAma gayA ! khA burAho - ' kuMjU * jampau nakSatanya bhArataY. bodhI - uMmara, sonAM pinAyika hpA karI khelanA bhaTsa udayatrijapa pAro-taro (jabalapura) bAjI makara na duvaMgAbAda ina khaMDavA. bhArata-rUpanA. (bura cana pura ja najIka, jyAM jainAnA vAsupUjya tIrthakara mekSa ane zrI mahAvIra kaivalajJAna pAmyA hatA AkRti naM. 4 ] nakazA naM. 1 [ paricaya pRSTha 313-15 AD, ka ( 1 morahaMta- tATI] 10 ( 88 888 ((S sellelellele - STD INX s, ((((((((((( rSA saMta jyAM zrImahAvIrane kaivalyajJAna thayuM hatuM nakazA naM. 2 [ paricaya pRSTha 14 (jamaNA kaeNlama) AkRti naM. pa ]

Page #433
kAkSA karAvavA allAha amarAvatI stUpanA khedANumAMthI maLI AvelI mUrti AkRti naM. 6 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 308no jamaNA ane 309 nA DAbA kaeNlama amarAvatI stUpanA dANamAMthI maLI AvelI mUti AkRti naM. 7 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 308-6 . A che. 2) amarAvatI stUpane eka vibhAga-caraNapUjA amarAvatI stUpane eka vibhAga-caraNapUjA AkRti naM. 8 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 307 AkRti naM. 9 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 307

Page #434
OCCC rAja khAva baMdhAvela "mahAvijaya"prAsAda-amarAvatI stUpa AkRti naM. 10 ]. [ paricaya pRSTha 306 thI AgaLa 8 . amarAvatI stUpano eka vibhAga-triratna AkRti naM. 12 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 107 jagannAthapurinA maMdiramAM sthApita-trimUrti AkRti naM. 11 | [ paricaya pRSTha 307

Page #435
mauryavaMzIya samrATa azekavardhana mauryavaMzIya samrATa priyadarzina paricaya mATe pu. 2 mAM AkRti na. 20 tathA 27 nuM varNana jue AkRti naM. 13 AkRti na. 14 mathurAne eka AyAspaTa | | pa6icaya mATe pu. 1, AkRti naM. 14 juo AkRti naM. 1pa ]

Page #436
sAMcI stUpanuM cAramAMnuM eka pravezadvAra AkRti naM. 16 ] [ paricaya mATe jIe mukhapRo UUUOTIE JHOUUD AkRti na. 18 ] A traNe citronA vizeSa paricaya bhArahuta stUpanuM cAramAMnuM eka pravezadvAra-tAraNa AkRti naM. 17 ] [ paricaya pRSTha 313-315 mathurA stUpanuM eka tAraNa [ paricaya mATe pu. 1, AkRti naM. 31, 32, 33 jue mATe pu. 1, AkRti naM. 31, 32 ane 33 nuM varNana jIe

Page #437
mathurA sihastaMbha [ paricaya mATe AkRti 20, 21 sarakhA AkRti na. 19 ] sAMcI sihastaMbha AkRti naM. 21 paricaya mATe pu. 1, AkRti 17, 26 juo zramukha ane gautamIputra -.15-3d. AMdha kRti Si liMga sAmrAjaya sAranAtha siMhastaMbha AkRti naM. 20 ] [ paricaya mATe pu. 1, AkRti 17, 26 juo AkRti na. 22 ] nakaze na. 4 [ varNana pRSTha 149

Page #438
caMdrana biMdusAramA mA jya gayA varSana AkRti naM. 23 ] malmikazrI.- 1satazrI ) Uvt-3 khAMza mallikAM mA~ pADya nakazA naM. 5 [ varNana pRSTha 161 yona prA lauka nAra dAmodara r mahAkSatro thaMga sAmAjya gAdha khAdhapatioH 7-9-17 isa-pU. 21 - 47 sAmA jya AkRti naM. 24 ] nakazA naM. 6 varNana pRSTha 188 ane AgaLa

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} na pUrva (dabhibhavana) sAmAM jya jya kzAna vI AkRti naM. 25] mAMdhAtio 1 1 23 i 15 pI se Adha mA jya nakazA naM. 7 [ varNana pRSTha 234 f AkRti naM. 26] AMdhrapatikho; 14pI 25 I.sa 12 oti }sA mA jya yaNa avaMti sA bila) na akho dha sA mA nakazA naM. 8 [ varNana 13-14mA paricchede

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abhiprAyo ( 1 ) pustaka taddana navuM dRSTibindu khAle che ema samajAya che. tame e pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM ghaNA zrama lIdhA lAge che. muMbaI di. khA. kRSNalAla meAhanalAla verI ( 2 ) vadhumAM vadhu prasaMgAthI bharelA prAcIna hiMdanA itihAsa aMge sthApita siddhAMtAnA anveSaNamAM UtaravAnA ane te siMddhAMtAmAM keTalAka krAntikArI pheraphArA sUcavavAnA DA. zAhe upADelA kAryane daivI tarIke ja oLakhAvI zakAya. DA. zAhanA avirata zrama ane navA siddhAMtA bahAra mUkavAnI temanI asAmAnya hiMmatanI te| prazaMsA ja thaI zake. itihAsane abhyAsIo joie che ane jyAMsudhI anekAe saMzAdhana nathI karyuM tyAMsudhI itihAsanA krAi paNa yugaviSe saMpUrNa satya jANI zakAtuM nathI. sukha rAva bahAdura jI. eca. saradesAi ( 3 ) OMa zrI. tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMde hiMdustAnanA prAcIna RtihAsa gujarAtImAM lakhyA che, je huM athathI iti sudhI vAMcI gayA chuM. tribhuvanadAsabhAie A itihAsa jaina, bauddha tehiMdu sAhitya upara racyA che. te temaNe te sAhitya uparAMta sikkA, guphA vigerenA zilAlekhA ityAdi ahu vigatavAra joyA che. itihAsakArAe atyAra sudhI jaina sAhityanI ane jaina sAmagrInI avagaNanA karI hatI te tribhuvanadAsabhAIe karI nathI, tethI temanA lakhANamAM samagratAne guNa AvI jAya che. ane atyAra sudhI nahi jANavAmAM AveluM sAhitya emanI kRtimAM jovAmAM Ave che. temanA prayAsa jaina samAje tA khAsa vadhAvI levA joie, kAraNa temanuM sAhitya tA temaNe pUrepUruM A kRtimAM upayeAgamAM lIdhuM che. vAdarA-kaoNleja kezavalAla hiMmatarAma kAmadAra ( 4 ) ApanA prayAsane huM kharekhara stutya gaNuM chuM. muMbai vizvanAtha prabhurAma vaidya ( 5 ) jaina sAhityanA prAmANika granthAmAMthI hakIkatanI saMbhALapUrvaka je gaveSaNA temaNe karI che, temAM ja A pustakanI kharI khUkhI bharelI che. prAcIna itihAsamAMthI tattvA cALI kADhavAmAM temaNe atyaMta parizrama uThAvyeA dekhAya che. ane vartamAna sanmAnita maMtavyeAthI temanAM anumAnA je ke lagabhaga UlaTI ja dizAnAM che, chatAM kabUla karavuM paDe che ke, temanA nirNayAthI rasabharI carcA ane vivAda UbhAM thaze ane temAMthI kaMI anerA lAla prApta thaze. vaDAdarA-mAdhyavidyAmaMdira DrA. bI. bhaTTAcArye

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mane saMpUrNa khAtrI che ke prAcavidyAnA abhyAsIo teno sarvazreSTha satkAra karaze. muMbaI-vIsana koleja eca. DI. velInkara ( 7 ) 3. tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAhe hiMdanA prAcIna yugane ItihAsa upajAvI kADhavAno je prayAsa karela che te kharekhara stutya che. jaina vizvakoza aMge bheLI karelI pramANabhUta aitihAsika sAmagrIne A itihAsa ghaDavAmAM temaNe vivekapUrvaka upayoga karela che. baMbagoLA jevA temAM dekhAtA keTalAka navA nirNayathI bhaDakIne bhAgavAne badale, hareka itihAsapremI vidyArthI temaja abhyAsI, prema ane zraddhApUrvaka A granthane abhyAsa karaze te mArI khAtrI che ke te yuganA itihAsanA kilaSTa ane zaMkAspada prazno upara ghaNuM navuM ajavALuM paDaze, ane vidyArthIone ApaNe keve ADe raste doratA hatA tenuM sahaja bhAna thaze. keLavaNIkhAtAo tema ja pustakAlaya vigerenA adhikArIo A prayAsa tarapha sahAnubhUti darzAvaze evI AzA che. muMbaI-prInsa oNpha velsa myujhIamara girijAzaMkara valabhajI AcArya A pranya ghaNe zrama laI tathA ghaNAM pustakanAM asala AdhAre, zilA ane tAmralekhe, sikkA vigere joI AdhArabhUta gaNI zakAya tevuM banAvyuM che. sarva rIte uttejanane pAtra che ema mane lAge che. vaDedarA ra. ba. goviMdabhAI hAthIbhAI desAI dezabhASAmAM AvA pustakanI atyaMta jarUra varSo thayAM lAgyA karatI hatI. dAktara tribhuvanadAse varSo sudhI mahenata karI tevuM eka pustaka taiyAra karyuM che, e kharekhara bahu khuzI thavA jevuM che. dareka zALA, dareka lAyabrerI ane banI zake tevI dareka vyaktie e pustaka avazya vasAvavA jevuM che. muMbaI-vImensa yunIvarasITI hiMmatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA ( 10 ). A pustaka pragaTa thatAM eka agatyanI jarUriyAta pUrI pADavAnuM dhArI zakAya che. itihAsano zokha vadhatA jAya che, evA samayamAM A pustaka gujarAtI sAhityamAM moTI khoTa pUrI pADaze. muMbaI motIcaMda gIradharalAla kApaDiyA ( 11 ) jaina ItihAsamAM eka krAntikArI yuga Ubho thaze ane vizArada ane anya kAryakartAone te kSetramAM vizeSa abhyAsa karavAne pUratI sAmagrI maLI kahevAze. umedapura gulAbacaMdajI hA ( 12 ) hamake atIva saMtoSa huA. bahena samayase hama isa cIjake cAhate the Aja vahI hamArI daSTi AI. pAlanapura vijayavalabhasUri (13) pustaka ati mahattvanuM thaze. pATaNa pravartaka kAMtivijayajI (14) pustaka upayogI thaze. amadAvAda vijyanItisUri

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( 15 ) ' AvA pratyenI atIva agatya che. dilhI muni darzanavijyajI (16). prayAsa stutya che ane aitihAsika zodhaka buddhi tathA UhApoha karavAnI paddhati suMdara che. A pustakathI ghaNIka bAbatone bhrama dUra thaI zakaze. kacacha-patrI muni lakSmIcaMda ( 17 ) ItihAsanA anabhijJane paNa prathama dRSTie ja vadhAvI levA yogya lAge evuM A grantha-prakAzananuM sAhasa che. itihAsa pratyenI lakaruci aNakhIlI ane vidyAvikAsa karatI saMsthAo pramAda, pakSapAta athavA nirdhanatAno bhaMga thaI paDI che, tevA saMjogonI vacce AvA granthonuM jokhama lenAra prathama kSaNe ja sahanAM abhinaMdana mAgI le che. A sAhasa pAchaLa granthakAranA jIvananI pacIsa varSanI prakhara sAdhanA che. TIpu. samayAvaLI, vaMzAvaLI, viSaya zodhavAnI cAvI vigere ApIne eka bAjue lekhake AkhA viSayane vidarbhogya banAvyo che ne bIjI bAju bhASAzailI saraLa, gharagaththu, kaMika vArtAkathanane maLatI rAkhavAthI grantha vidvattAne eka khUNe ja na paDI jAya te banyo che. muMbaI janmabhUmi ' sikkAo viSenI AvI mAhitI eka ja pustakamAM bahu thoDe ThekANe maLI zakaze. pustakanI bhASA sAdI ane saraLa hovAthI, sAmAnya abhyAsI paNa te samajI zake evuM che. ane temAM AvelI aitihAsika ghaTanAo evI te rasika che ke te kAI kahANI-kissAne bhulAve tevo AnaMda Ape che...no prakAza pADanAra pustaka pragaTa karavA mATe tenA lekhaka DaoN. tribhuvanadAsa laheracaMda zAhane mubArakavAdI ghaTe che. muMbai muMbaI samAcAra (19) - tribhuvanadAsanA A itihAsanA grantha vAMcI keI paNa hiMdI pitAnuM hIna mAnasa tyajI gauravathI pitAnuM mastaka UcuM rAkhI zakaze. ItihAsanA bA bRhada grantha gujarAtane A pahelI ja vAra maLe che. jya bhArata ( 20 ) lekhake bhAre zrama lIdhe che. ghaNI hakIkate, pUrAvA ane anya sAdhane ekatrita karyAM che.. muMbaI sAMja vartamAna ( 21 ) pacIsa pacIsa varSanA tapane pariNAme granthakAre upalabdha sAdhanane banI zake teTalo abhyAsa karIne I. sa. pUrve 900 thI I. sa. 100 sudhInAM hajAra varSano itihAsa ApavAno karelo prayAsa jema apUrva che tema A dizAmAM prakAza pheMkanAro che. A upayogI granthane itihAsanA abhyAsIo ja nahi paNa tamAma gujarAtIo vAMcavA prerAya te Agraha karIe chIe ane eka gujarAtI saMzodhaka vidhAnanI kadara karI pitAne zirethI bekadarapaNAno deSa dUra karavAnA prayAsa mATe gujarAtane A pustaka satkAravA yogya hovAnI khAtrI ApIe chIe, muMbaI hiMdustAna ane prajAmitra

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(22) lekhake pustaka taiyAra karavAmAM lIdhela zrama ane navAM vidhAne bAMdhavA mATenI temanI paryeSaka vRtti pAne pAne jaNAI Ave che...hiMdanI koIe bhASAmAM te zuM paNa aMgrejImAM paNa jenI tele Ave evAM gaNatara pustaka ja haze; e badhI vastuo khyAlamAM letAM, ane itihAsanA abhyAsIo mATe je sAdhanasaMgraha AmAM mUkAyelo che te jotAM Do. tribhuvanadAsanI zramazIlatA, itihAsa saMzAdhananA kSetramAM kadara karavA jevI che. A granthamAMnAM saMzodhana ane vidhAno eka yA bIjI rIte mArgadarzaka, dizAdarzaka ke prakAza pahoMcADanArAM thaI paDaze ema mAnavuM vadhAre paDatuM nathI. amadAvAda prajAbaMdhu (23) ' kharekhara eka gujarAtI vidvAnane hAthe lakhAyele sAdhAra aitihAsika zedhakhoLano A eka adabhUta grantha che....DozAha TIkAothI na DaratAM temano prayAsa apUrNa na mUke ema ApaNe IcchIzuM. AnA sArarUpa je eka aMgrejI grantha taiyAra karAvAya che tenI carcA AkhA bharatakhaMDamAM thavA pAme. muMbaI gujarAtI ( 4 ) ' A saMzodhana ItihAsa-saMzodhakene jema upakAraka che temaja khAsa karIne jena samAja mATe mahA upakAraka che. saikAo jAne apragaTa, aitihAsika sAhitya zrama ane saMkalanApUrvaka A grantha dvArA bahAra mUkavA mATe Do. tribhuvanadAsane abhinaMdana ghaTe che. dareka jaina lAIbrerIo, sAhitya saMsthAo, jJAnabhaMDAromAM A seTane sthAna maLe ema icchIe chIe. bhAvanagara (25) - A pustaka hiMdanA prAcIna itihAsa upara tadana navo ja prakAza pADe che. jyAM jyAM lekhaka pite puregAmI lekhakanA matathI virUddha jAya che tyAM tyAM badhe teo majabUta purAvAo Ape che. AkhuM pustaka vAMcavA jevuM che, ane abhyAsIone manana karavA gya che. bhASA saraLa ane viSayanI vastunI gahanatAne ekadama spaSTa kare tevI che. lekhaka dhaMdhe DokaTara hAI purAtattvanA viSayane ATalo badho paricaya dharAve che te kharekhara dhanyavAdane pAtra tathA zebhAspada che. temanI kRti dareka vAMcanAlayamAM javI joI e. - vaDodarA sAhityakAra jaina karAMcI gujarAtI prakAzananA ItihAsamAM A pustakanuM sAhasa ajoDa gaNAya tevuM che. khAsa karIne vidvattA, bahALI sAmagrI ne hAMza prazaMsanIya che. lekhake bahu pramANamAM zrama lIdhe che. ane pote mAnI lIdhela mitAMtaranuM samarthana jArIvArI jANanArA vakIlanI mAphaka bahu ja UlaTathI karyuM che. A prakArano pranya svabhASAmAM lakhIne Do. zAhe gujarAtInI mATI sevA karI batAvI che ane gujarAtanI vidvattAne jagatamAM ucca sthAne sthApI che. e mATe ame eo mahAzayane dhanyavAda ApIe chIe. Urmi ( 7 ) prAcIna zodhakhoLanI daSTie A granya mahatvanuM che. prAcIna zedhakhoLa mATe lekhakane anubhava ane prayAsa prazaMsAne pAtra che. muMbaI jaina prakAza ( 18 ) mAhitI rasapUrNa che...gujarAtI bhASAmAM A suMdara upagI pustaka taiyAra karavA mATe lekhakane dhanyavAda ghaTe che, vaDodarA nava gujarAta

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[5] ( 29 ) prAcIna hiMdanA khetihAsanA abhyAsIone ame sadarahu pustaka dhyAnapUrvaka tapAsau javA vinaMti karIe chIe. amadAvAda buddhiprakAza ( 30 ) gujarAtI bhASAmAM pratihAsanA viSaya para ane teya saMzAdhana tarIke lakhAyalAM pustako AMgaLIne veDhe gaNAya eTalAM ja che. temAM De. tribhuvanadAsabhAinA A bRhad graMthathI gaiAravabharyA umerA thAya che, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa e kSetramAM ene naMbara prathama gaNAya te| navAI nahIM. abhyAsapUrNa AvI upayAgI kRti, satata parizramapUrvaka taiyAra karyAM adala DA. tribhuvanadAsane abhinaMdIe chIe. ane icchIe chIe ke, gujarAta, A gujarAtI prakAzananA umaLakAbhera uThAva karI lekhakane tema karavAnuM pretsAhana Apaze. adhyayana vibhAganI ze|bhArUpa A upayeAgI kRtine gujarAta tathA bRhad gujarAtanAM ekeeka sAdhanasaMpanna pustakAlayanI abharAI para sthAna maLe ja maLe. prAcIna itihAsanA zekhIne tathA abhyAsIo A grantha eka vAra najara taLe kADhI javAne te! na ja cUke. zabdakoza, samayavArI tathA vistRta anukramaNikA dvArA tathA citrA, lekho, nakazA, sikkA vagerenI samajutIthI pustakanI yeAgyatA temaja tenuM rahasya samajavAmAM zreNI sahAya maLe che. AzA che ke gujarAtI sAhityanA rasiyAo uttejana Apaze ja. vaDAdarA rAjyanAM kasbA pustakAlayA jarUra A pustakanA badhA bhAga kharIde ane e dvArA rAjyanI zikSita prajAne prAcIna bhAratanuM jJAna pUrUM pADavAmAM yathAzakti madada kare e IcchavA yAgya che. vaDAdA pustakAlaya ( 31 ) rasamaya pUchovALA A anupama pustakamAM sikkAonuM-prAcIna sikkAenuM, eTale ke prAcIna bhAratamAM vaparAtA sikkAonuM varNana ApeluM che. te uparAMta mairyavaMzanA rAjaamalanuM temaja paradezIe -dhavanAe gujArela jImAnuM byAna eka vaijJAnikanI peThe ceAkasAthI ApyuM che. sAthe joDelA anukramesUcio ati upayogI che; kemake pustakanI aMdaranA vidhavidha viSaye zodhI kADhavAne te cAvIrUpa thai paDe che. ......khaMta ane saMzAdhana--kArya prazaMsA ja mAgI lye che. mADana rIvyu kalakattA ( 32 ) vidvattApUrNa grantha che. ane temAM darzAvelI hakIkata mATe sikkAnA, zilAlekhanA tathA jANItA anyakAronAM maMtavyAnA AdhAre| TAMkI batAvyA che. alabatta A grantha bahAra paDavAthI puSkaLa vAdavivAda UbhA thAya che, chatAMye A pustakane eka smArakanya kahI zakAze, muMbaI ee kronIla ( 33 ) zilAlekha, sikkA ne smArakeAne lekhake pUratA pramANamAM upaceAgamAM lIdhAM che. lekhakanAM kheta ane kartavyaprema temaja atihAsika saMzAdhana pratyenA temanA sneha kharekhara prazaMsAne pAtra che...temaNe ApelI phUTanoTA vAcakane satya zodhI kADhavAmAM khUba ja madadakartA thai paDe che... AvA lukhkhA te kALagaNunAne lagatA viSayane nyAya ApavA mATe DaoN. zAha jaina samAjanAM ne purAtattvapremIonAM abhinaMdanane pAtra che. muMbai mAe senTInala ( 34 ) A eka adbhuta prakAzana che...lekhakanuM jJAna aheALuM che, temanA khaMta aNukhUTa che. muLA TAimsa opha inDiyA

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[6] ( 35 ). A granthamAM I. sa. pUrve 900 thI I. sa. 100 sudhIno itihAsa ApavAmAM Avyo che je yugane prastAvanAmAM, " prAcIna hiMdanAM ItihAsanA sAcA dhaDatara-yuga" tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM Avela che. vadhArAmAM jaNAvAyuM che ke e yuga para pramANabhUta ke samagradarzI keI grantha hajI lakhAyo nathI-je vidhAna sAthe itihAsanA abhyAsIo saheje saMmata thaze. De zAhe. bauddha ane vaidika pramANe, je keTalAka pramANamAM sArI rIte saMzodhita thaI cUkyAM che te uparAMta, prApya jaina pramANene paNa upayogamAM lIdhAM che; te e granthane khUbI bakSe che. jaina vizvakoza aMge pacIsa varSanA zramasevana pachI teo tema karavAne vadhumAM vadhu yogya ne suMdara sthitimAM gaNI zakAya. vizvakezanuM prakAzana zakya na banavAthI badalAmAM temaNe A ItihAsa-grantha pragaTa karyA che. ...A granthamAMnI eka lAkSaNikatA to ItihAsanA abhyAsIone camakAvaze ja-ane te prAcIna bhAratIya kAlagaNanAmAM Do. zAhe darzAvelI navI gaNatarI. muMbaI daliDa vIkalI opha InDiyA ( 36 ). atyArasudhI itihAsakAroe ane saMzodhakoe aNuukelela mAhitIo para granthanI racanA thaI che. koI nAstika kadAca lekhakanAM badhAM ja maMtavya svIkArI letAM acakAya, paNa huM jAte te emanAM maMtavyamAM mAnuM chuM. taMtrI- ' muMbai nyu buka DAijesTa ( 37 ) granya navA maMtavyothI jhagamagI rahe che. e eka yugavata prakAzana che. kalakattA amRta bajhAra patrima ( 38 ) pra. zAhanI A kRti prAcIna hiMda viSenAM junA maMtavyane urADI mUke che. AkhA granthanI racanA, atyArasudhImAM ItihAsakAroe ane saMzodhakoe aNaukelela mAhitIo paraja thaI che. kenyA (AphrikA) kenyA DelI meIla ( 3 ) Do. zAha dharma jaina che ne alpa-jANane lagabhaga aprApya evA jaina grantha ne hastaprata meLavavAnuM temane mATe bhAre zakaya banela. e badhAnA sUkSma abhyAse temane, gata sadInA madhya ane uttara-bhAgamAM ane cAla sadInA pUrva bhAgamAM yuropIya pauvaMtyoe lakhela rUDhivAdI aitihAsika kRtiothI judAM ja daSTibinduo dharAvatA, smaraNIya granthanA AlekhananI zakti ApI. amane khAtrI che ke vidvAna kartAnI A bhavya kRti bhAvi saMzodhana kAryamAM, je yugane teo sparzala che te yuga saMbaMdhamAM, suMdara bhUmikA pUrI pADaze. A avasare ame AvI kharekhara suMdara-sacitra katine bahAra pADavA mATe vaDodarAnI zazikAnta ke. ne abhinaMdana ApavAnI taka laIe chIe. TAMgAnikA (AphrikA) TAMgAnikA opIniyana ( 40 ) ame IcchIe chIe ke lekhaka dIrdhAyuSI thAya ane pote kartavyanA snehabhAve je bhAre kAma hAtha dharyuM che te saMpUrNa karI bhAvi itihAsakAro mATe addabhuta graMtha taiyAra kare. ahIM e paNa noMdhavuM joIe ke A granthanI atIva agatyatA ane prAcIna hiMdanA itihAsa para te je prakAza pheMke che te sarvane vicAra karI muMbaI vidyApIThe tene mAnya karela che, DAyarekaTara opha pablIka InakSana-teozrIe tene pAsa karela che te badhA ja vidvAnoe tenA saMbaMdhamAM bhalAmaNa karelI che. jhAMjhIbAra (AphrikA) jhAMjhIbAra vAisa

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[ka] ( 41 ). prAcIna bhAratavarSa paranI mI. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAhanI kRti e atyArasudhI ceAgya agatyatA na apAyala sAmagrInA AdhAre hiMdanA itihAsa para vadhu prakAza pheMkatA prayAsa che, phAlaM ( sIlAna ) sIleAna objharvara ( 42 ) atyArasudhInAM ghaNAM kharAM maMtavyeAne have ApaNe phagAvI devAM joie...hiMdanA dhaNAkharA itihAsa ApaNe pharIthI zIkhavA paDaze. lAhAra sIvIla enDa mIlITarI gejheTa ( 43 ) khUbaja zrama, ane sAhitya, zilAlekhA te sikkAne lagatI sAmagrInA bhaMDAra che. lekhaka itihAsakAra nathI, paNa svayaM abhyAsI che. temanA badhA ja siddhAMtA sAthe dhaNA maLatA na thAya paNa A badhA siddhAMtA taddana maulika che ane te svIkArAya ke tenA asvIkAra karAya te pahelAM temanA pratye pUratuM dhyAna apAvuM Te. lakattA ( 44 ) nyu rIvyu viziSTa dAktarI khaMtathI teo AdhArAne e rIte vaNe che ane tArave che ke te vAcaka samakSa taddana maulika athavA navA vezamAM, 'emba jevA ane nayana khAlI nAMkhatA ' siddhAMtA rUpe rajU thAya che. granthanI khIjI eka prazaMsanIya viziSTatA e che ke temAM yugavartI sthApatyadarzaka saMkhyAbaMdha kalAcitro ane sikkA-citro apAyala che. kalakattA inDiyana rIvyu ( 41 ) lekhaka ke jemaNe potAnA jIvananAM ghaNAMkharAM varSoM aitihAsika sAmagrI ekatra karavAne AdhArAnA saMzAdhana pAchaLanA avirata zramamAM vItAvyAM che-temaNe be hajAra varSa pUrvenA bhAratavarSanuM sAcuM citra rajU karavAmAM eka paNa prayatna khAkI rAkhyA nathI. emanA granthA eka divase prAcIna hiMdI itihAsanAM satya citro rajU karanAra krUtA tarIke AvakArAze. muMbai phrI presa jarnala ( 46 ) lekhake bahAdurIpUrvaka potAnAM maMtavyA saMpUrNa svataMtra svarUpamAM rajU karyAM che, ane tee svayaMdarzananI AzcaryakAraka khAtrIthI nAmAMkita vidvAnanAM cAlu maMtavyAne paNa uthalAvI nAMkhe che. madrAsa zrI. hiMdu ( 47 ) dhaNeka sthaLe te svIkRta siddhAMtAthI virUddha jAya che chatAM te saMbhALabharyAM dhyAnane pAtra che. madrAsa zrI meila ( 48 ) eTaluM tA svIkAravuM ja joie ke A grantha kiMmatI mAhitIonA bhaMDAra che; je mAhitIomAMnI dhaNIkharI hajI hiMdI itihAsanA kSetramAM kAma karanArAonA dhyAna bahAra che. atyArasudhI bauddha ane vAdaka sAhityanA jeTaluM jaina sAhitya pratye dhyAna nathI apAyuM-te ugrupa A lekhake pUrI pADI che. madrAsa sAutha inDiyana TIcara

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granthamAM darzAvAyelAM maMtavyo pratye subaTita dhyAna apAvuM ghaTe che, ane rajUAta paNa gahana vidhAnanA hAthe samAlocanAne pAtra che. zakasaMvata viSenI emanI mAnyatA ane enA mULa viSe emane abhiprAya rasaprada che. judA judA paradezI rAjakartAo ne vikramAdityanA zAsanane sucavatA nakazAo upayogI che.. maMtavyo himatabharyo che. temAMnA keTalAMka cAlu mAnyatAthI virUddha chatAM te badhAM, ame agAu kahyuM che tema, taTastha vidvAnanA dhyAnane pAtra che. anAmala nagara-cidamrama jarnala opha inDiyana hIsTarI ( 5 ) che. zAhanI A kRti temaNe te para kharcala avirata zakti ane puSkaLa zramanI sAbitIrUpa che. - pUnA - orienTala lITararI DAIjesTa ( 11 ). lekhakanI udyogaparAyaNatA ane saMzodhanakArya aMgenI temanI tamannA maha6 prazaMsAne pAtra che. saMcI | mena ina inDiyA ( 12 ) anya kiMmatI mAhitI pUrI pADe che, temaja ApaNA jJAnamAM te umere kare che. - alhAbAda dhI TaTIetha sakyurA (53). vizALa abhyAsa, bahALI bahuzrutatA ane ItihAsadarzana karAvavAnI tIvra vRtti Thera Thera dekhAya che. potAnA viSaya upara lakhatAM pahelAM ATalI vizALa taiyArI ApaNe tyAM bahu ja ochA lekhake kare che. che. zAhanI emanA pitAnA viSaya pUratI taiyArI prazasya che. emanI karmAbhimukhatA ane karmaniSThA ethIye vadhu AvakArya che. A tattvone lIdhe A prakAzamAM evI keTalIye vigate, pahelI ja vAra bahAra Ave che jeno pazcimanA temaja pazcima matAnuyAyI pUrvanA abhyAsIoe Aja lagI spaze. paNa karyo nathI. ApaNuM prAcIna itihAsane lagatI AvI navI sAmagrIne moTo bhaMDAra AmAM bharyo che. Ama avirata abhyAsa ane tIvrakarmaratatA AmAM sthaLe sthaLe dekhAya che, temaja saMzodhaka ke vicAraka mAtrane anivArya evAM manobaLa ane himmata paNa AmAM pAne pAne dekhAya che. amadAvAda (gujarAta sAhityasabhA) 1936nA gujarAtI vAbhayanI samIkSA (54) A eka evI kRti che, je abhyAsapUrvaka vAMcavI jAIe. lekhane AtmavizvAsa Azcarya pamADanAra che. makAsa ejyukezanala rIvyu - (55). kartAe anya sarjatAM khUbaja zrama sevyo che. mAhitIono bhaMDAra che. kalakattA zeravarDa (56) A granya pragaTa karIne che. zAhe bhAratIya etihAsika saMzodhana kSetramAM kharekharI sevA bajAvI che. dihI-munIvasirI Do. bulAyaMda

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