Apbhramsa Bharti 2014 21

Author(s): Kamalchand Sogani
Publisher: Apbhramsa Sahitya Academy
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521864/1

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apabhraMza bhAratI zodha-patrikA akTUbara, 2014 21 HESAREEM mANujjIvo jovI jainavidyA saMsthAna zrI mahAvIrajI UP apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI rAjasthAna

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apabhraMza bhAratI vArSika zodha-patrikA akTUbara, 2014 sampAdaka maNDala zrI navInakumAra baja zrI nagendrakumAra jaina zrI candraprakAza jaina DaoN. jinezvaradAsa jaina DaoN. premacandra rA~vakA DaoN. anila jaina zrI nirmalakumAra jaina prabandha sampAdaka zrI mahendrakumAra pATanI maMtrI, prabandhakAriNI kameTI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI sampAdaka DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI sahAyaka sampAdaka suzrI prIti jaina prakAzaka apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI jainavidyA saMsthAna prabandhakAriNI kameTI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI ( rAjasthAna )

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vArSika mUlya 30.00 ru. sAmAnyataH 60.00 ru. pustakAlaya hetu mudraka jayapura priNTarsa prA. li. jayapura

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kra.saM. viSaya 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. viSaya-sUcI prakAzakIya sampAdakIya paumakitti viracita : 'pAsaNAhacariu' munizrI rAmasiMha kA 'pAhuDadohA ' maMdamaMdAramayaraMnaMdaNavaNaM muni rAmasiMha kRta pAhuDadohA meM adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda : eka vivecana nayari maNoramabhuaNapaivaho apabhraMza sAhitya kI chanda- sampadA vibhutA aura vinyAsa siripAla-mayaNAsuMdarIcariya aha maMdarAu jaNanayaNapiu kAlAvalI kI jayamAla lekhaka kA nAma DaoN. premacandra rAMvakA pro. (DaoN.) Aditya pracaNDiyA mahAkavi vIra DaoN. rAjendrakumAra baMsala mahAkavi vIra DaoN. trilokInAtha 'premI' pR.saM. (v) (vii) 1 paNDita NaraseNa pratilipi - zrImatI mAyA kauzika mahAkavi vIra ajJAta artha- suzrI prIti jaina 13 20 21 48 49 65 233 72 73

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apabhraMza bhAratI (zodha-patrikA) sUcanAe~ 1. patrikA sAmAnyataH varSa meM eka bAra, mahAvIra nirvANa-divasa para prakAzita hogii| 2. patrikA meM zodha-khoja, adhyayana-anusandhAna sambandhI maulika aprakAzita racanAoM ko hI sthAna milegaa| racanAe~ jisa rUpa meM prApta hoMgI unheM prAya: usI rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jaaegaa| svabhAvata: tathyoM kI prAmANikatA Adi kA uttaradAyitva racanAkAra kA hogaa| 4. yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki prakAzaka, sampAdaka lekhakoM ke abhimata se sahamata hoN| 5. racanAe~ kAgaja ke eka ora kama se kama 3 seNTImITara kA hAziyA chor3akara suvAcya akSaroM meM likhI athavA TAipa kI huI honI caahie| 6. asvIkRta/aprakAzita racanAe~ lauTAI nahIM jaayeNgii| 7. racanAe~ bhejane evaM anya prakAra ke patra-vyavahAra ke lie patA - sampAdaka apabhraMza bhAratI apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI digambara jaina nasiyA~ bhaTTArakajI savAI rAmasiMha roDa jayapura - 302 004

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prakAzakIya sAhitya-premiyoM ke lie 'apabhraMza bhAratI' patrikA kA 21vA~ aMka prastuta hai| apabhraMza bhASA kA adhyayana aura anuzIlana sAmAnya lokacetanA ke udaya aura vikAsa ke itihAsa kA mahatvapUrNa aMga hai| apabhraMza ke prakAzita-aprakAzita sAhitya se yaha tathya spaSTa ho cukA hai ki isa sAhitya ko kisI bhI rUpa meM 'sAmAnya' va 'mahatvahIna' nahIM kahA jA sktaa| apabhraMza sAhitya meM eka ora dhArmika AdarzoM kA vyAkhyAna hai to dUsarI ora lokajIvana se utpanna aihika rasa kA rAga-raMjita kathana bhii| yaha sAhitya aneka zalAkA puruSoM ke udAtta jIvana-carita se sampanna hai to sAmAnya vaNika-putroM ke duHkha-sukha kI kahAnI se paripUrNa bhI hai| digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA apabhraMza bhASA ke adhyayanaadhyApana evaM pracAra-prasAra hetu jayapura meM varSa 1988 meM 'jainavidyA saMsthAna' ke antargata 'apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI' kI sthApanA kI gii| akAdamI dvArA 'apabhraMza bhASA' ke vidhivat adhyayana hetu patrAcAra ke mAdhyama se do pAThyakrama saMcAlita haiM - 1. apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama va 2. apabhraMza DiplomA paatthykrm| ye donoM pAThyakrama rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya se mAnyatA prApta haiN| ina pAThyakramoM ke adhyayana-adhyApana ko sahaja-sAdhya banAne ke lie apabhraMza vyAkaraNa evaM sAhitya sambandhita pustakeM hindI va aMgrejI meM prakAzita haiN| apabhraMza bhASA ke adhyayana va lekhana ke protsAhana hetu akAdamI dvArA 'svayaMbhU puraskAra' pradAna kiyA jAtA hai| isI krama meM yaha zodha-patrikA 'apabhraMza bhAratI' bhI prakAzita kI jAtI hai|

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jina vidvAna lekhakoM ke lekhoM dvArA isa aMka ko AkAra milA unake prati AbhAra prakaTa karate haiN| __patrikA ke sampAdaka, sahayogI sampAdaka evaM sampAdaka maNDala dhanyavAdAha haiN| mudraNa ke lie jayapura prinTarsa prAiveTa limiTeDa, jayapura bhI dhanyavAdAha haiN| mahendrakumAra pATanI maMtrI narendramohana kAsalIvAla adhyakSa prabandhakAriNI kameTI, digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI (vi)

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sampAdakIya "prAkRta bhASA ke sAhityika rUpa lene para lokabhASA ke rUpa meM apabhraMza bhASA kA udaya aura vikAsa huaa| jaina AcAryoM ne lokabhASA ke rUpa meM apabhraMza bhASA ko apanAyA aura apabhraMza meM bhI sAhitya kA sRjana kiyaa| yaha krama 7vIM zatAbdI se 17vIM zatAbdI taka lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa taka pravahamAna rhaa|" "zaka samvat 999 (vikrama samvat 1134) meM 'paumakitti (muni padmakIrti) viracita 'pAsaNAhacariu' apabhraMza bhASA kA vizruta pArzvacarita kAvya hai, jisameM pArzvanAtha ke pUrva bhava marubhUti aura kamaTha ke bhavoM ke kramazaH sadAcAra aura atyAcAra kI kahAnI hai, jo uttarapurANa para AdhArita hai|' ___ "yahA~ yaha ullekhya hai ki pArzvanAtha koI purANapuruSa hI nahIM the apitu ve eka aitihAsika mahApuruSa the|" __ "muni padmakIrti ne 'pAsaNAhacariu' ko 18 saMdhiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| saMdhiyA~ punaH kar3avakoM meM vibhakta haiN| pratyeka saMdhi meM kar3avakoM kI saMkhyA bhinna hai| pUre grantha meM 314 kar3avaka haiN| prAyaH eka kar3avaka meM 10-12 paMktiyA~ haiM, pUre grantha meM paMktiyoM kI saMkhyA 3640 hai|" __ "vivecya 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM mahAkAvya ke prAyaH sabhI lakSaNa vidyamAna haiN| grantha kA prAraMbha 24 tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra evaM unakI stuti se hotA hai|" "padmakIrti ne 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM sAtavIM sandhi taka pArzva ke pUrva janmoM kA varNana kiyA hai, vaha AcArya guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa meM bhI yatkiMcit milatA hai|" ___" 'pAsaNAhacariu' kA sampUrNa AkhyAna karma-siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karatA hai| pArzvanAtha apane pratyeka uttarottara janma meM adhikAdhika acche kArya karate hue batAye gaye haiM aura phalataH U~ce se U~ce svargoM meM sthAna pAte haiN| isake viparIta kamaTha apane janmoM meM bure se bure karma karatA hai aura isI saMsAra meM tathA narakoM meM aneka duHkha pAtA hai| karma (vii)

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siddhAnta kA yaha atyanta saralIkRta rUpa hai| kavi ne pade pade zubhAzubha karmoM ke pratiphala ko vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| " 'pAsaNAhacariu' kA pradhAna rasa zAnta hai| 11-12vIM sandhiyoM ko chor3akara zeSa meM muni kI zAMta tapasyA, muni tathA zrAvakoM ke zuddha caritroM kA vistRta varNana hai| aneka sthaloM meM kavi ne saMsAra kI anityatA tathA jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA dikhalAkara vairAgya utpanna kiyA hai| " "" 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM vIra rasa kA bhI sundara paripAka huA hai| 11vIM sandhi pUrNa vIra rasa meM hai, vahA~ bhASA bhI ojayukta banI hai / " 66 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM alaMkAroM kA bAhulya hai / upamA to yatra-tatra - sarvatra hai| mAlopamA vizeSa hai| kAvya-saundarya meM anUThI utprekSAoM kA upayoga huA hai| inake atirikta dRSTAnta, vyatireka, sandeha, arthAntara, nyAsa, tulyayogitA, byAjastuti Adi alaMkAra bhI milate haiN| 'pArzva' ke kaivalya kI prApti para kavi ne saMkhyAtmaka krama se sundara citraNa kiyA hai|" 66 " apabhraMza ko hindI ke AdikAla ke sAhitya kA AdhAra mAnA jAtA hai| apabhraMza kAla meM 'kar3avaka' aura 'dohe' meM abhivyaMjita granthoM ne AvazyakatA, mUlyAMkana aura sAhityika gaveSaNA se vAGmaya kI zrIvRddhi kI hai| isI paramparA meM mahanIya kRti 'pAhuDadohA' eka laghukAyika muktaka racanA hai, jisake racayitA munizrI rAmasiMha haiN| isakA sampAdana DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne kiyA hai| isa kRti meM kula do sau bAIsa dohe haiN|" "muni rAmasiMha kRta apabhraMza kI kRti pAhuDadohA adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda kI svAnubhava-pradhAna adbhuta racanA hai| " "rAjasthAna nivAsI munizrI rAmasiMha kA grantha 'pAhuDadohA' upadezapradhAna hai, ataH upadezAtmaka vANI meM jIvana kI sarala, sarasa anubhUti kA samanvaya kara munizrI ne ise gUr3ha aura sundara banA diyA hai| chanda bhI aisA choTA cunA hai ki jisameM thor3e zabdoM meM bahuta kahane kI zakti samAviSTa hai| chanda kI dRSTi se isa kRti kA mUlyAMkana karate haiM to kalpanA ho jAtI hai ki kisa prakAra isa dohA chaMda meM kAvyakAra ne apane gambhIra vicAroM ko mAnavIya durbalatAoM para pUrNatayA vicAra kara upadeza ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane prastuta kiyA hai| " (viii)

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"pAhuDadohA kA varNya viSaya hai - AtmA aura aatmaanubhv| isake lie do bAteM mahattvapUrNa haiM - prathama - apane jJAnasvabhAva kA jJAna aura nirNaya kara jJAnasvabhAva kA Azraya lenA aura dUsarA - zuddhAtmAnubhUtipUrvaka sva-pariNati ko paramAtma tattva meM vilIna krnaa|" " 'pAhuDadohA' vizuddha adhyAtmaparaka evaM rahasyavAdI racanA hai| isameM dharma ke nAma para pracalita pAkhaNDa kA virodha ojasvI svaroM meM kiyA hai| ArAdhanA hetu mAtra jinendradeva ko ArAdhya mAnA hai|" ___ "munizrI rAmasiMha ne dharma kI zAstrIya rUr3hiyoM aura bAhyADambaroM ke pratikUla jIvanamukti tathA kaivalya kA asAdhAraNa upadeza diyA hai| munizrI ne isa racanA meM AtmAnubhUti aura sadAcaraNa ke binA karmakANDa kI nissAratA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| saccA sukha indriya-nigraha va AtmadhyAna meM vidyamAna hai|" "munizrI kI mAnyatA hai ki tIrthayAtrA, mUrtipUjA, maMdira-nirmANAdi kI apekSA deha-sthita deva kA darzana karanA caahiye| AtmA isI deha meM sthita hai kintu deha se bhinna hai aura usI kA jJAna paramAvazyaka hai|" ___ "dhArmika kriyAoM meM ahiMsA kI sthApanA hetu munizrI rAmasiMha ne vanaspati ekendriya jIvoM kI rakSA kA prabhAvI pratipAdana kiyaa| pattI, pAnI, dAbha, tila Adi ko apane samAna prANavAna smjho| bhagavAna kI pUjA ke lie patte mata todd'o| munizrI ne pattI, phUla, phala, tila Adi sacitta dravya se pUjA karane kA niSedha kiyA hai|" "kevala Atmadarzana hI vAstavika paramArtha hai| anya sabhI vyavahAra hai| yogIjana isa eka padArtha ko hI dhyAte haiN| AtmA ko chor3akara jo anya kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha mUrkha hai| usako kevalajJAna kaise ho sakatA hai? uttama AtmA ko chor3akara anya kisI kA dhyAna mata kr| jisane marakata maNi pahacAna lI hai use kAMca se kyA prayojana? saMsAra se udAsIna hokara jisakA mana apane meM sthita ho gayA hai vaha jaisA bhAva karatA hai vaisI hI pravRtti karatA hai| vaha nirbhaya hai, usake saMsAra bhI nahIM hai| jinake sarva vikalpa chUTa gaye haiM aura jo caitanyabhAva meM sthita haiM ve hI nirmala dhyAna meM sthita kahe gaye haiN| he jogI! deha se bhinna nija zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna karo, usase nirvANa kI prApti hogii| citta ko nizcala kara AtmA kA dhyAna karane se aSTa karma nAza kara siddha hote haiN|" " 'pAhuDadohA' meM lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| aneka upamAoM, rUpakoM aura hRdayasparzI dRSTAntoM dvArA munizrI ne apane bhAvoM ko abhivyakta kiyA hai| (ix)

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dohoM meM vAgdhArAoM ke abhidarzana hote haiN| alaMkAroM para munizrI kA apanA prAdezika prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hai|" ___ "munizrI rAmasiMha jaina rahasyavAdI kAvyakAra haiM, unakA 'pAhuDadohA' AdikAla kI aneka granthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM apanI mahatI bhUmikA adA karatA hai|" ___" 'pAhuDadohA' kI gAthA 212 meM kavi ne apanA nAma 'muni rAmasiMha' ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyA hai|" ___ "muni rAmasiMha ke samaya kI nimnatama sImA sAtavIM zatAbdI tathA adhikatama sImA nauvIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha hai|" "bhASA zailI ke AdhAra para hama munizrI ko dasavIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa kA mAna sakate haiN|" "antima kucha padyoM ko chor3akara zeSa dohArUpa meM haiN| isa prakAra yaha dUhA kAvya hai aura apabhraMza bhASA kI zreSTha racanA hai|" ___ "mAtrA chandoM ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kAla meM tukAMta pravRtti kA prabhAva yaha huA ki aneka loka-gItoM kI dhuneM evaM loka-nRtyoM kI tAleM bhI yahA~ vividha chandoM ke udaya kI mUlabhUtA bana giiN|" ___ "bhASA ke vikAsa-krama meM hindI bhASA kA sIdhA sambandha apabhraMza ke sAtha hai| isI se usakA sAhitya apane prAraMbha kAla meM na kevala unhIM pravRttiyoM se pUrNataH prabhAvita hai pratyuta kAvya-rUpa evaM chanda-yojanA kI dRSTi se bhI apane paravartI rUpa meM bahuta dUra taka usI kA anuvartaka hai| ataH apabhraMza kI isa mahattvapUrNa kar3I ko bhulAkara hindI ke vikAsa kI parikalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii|" "niSkarSataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki apabhraMzakAlIna chanda-sampadA nizcaya hI bar3I samRddha evaM puSTa rahI hai aura apane paravartI hindI kAvya kI upajIvya banakara, lambe samaya taka use prabhAvita karatI rahI hai, jisake lie hindI sAhitya usakA cira-RNI rhegaa| vastutaH ye sabhI jaina tathA jainetara kavi vItarAgI evaM AdhyAtmika the| parantu apanI isa AdhyAtmika nidhi ko loka-jIvana ke lie kalyANakArI banAne ke himAyatI the| isI se lokabhASA aura lokachandoM kI gItAtmakatA aura sarasatA kA inhoMne prazraya liyA tathA ciraMjIvI sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA jo zatAbdiyoM ke bAda Aja bhI kisI na kisI prakAra loka-jIvana kI akSaya nidhi banA hai| nissaMdeha ye sabhI sacce arthoM meM

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kalamajIvI, kalAjIvI aura para-hitArthajIvI hone se kavimanISI paribhUsvayaMbhU' kahalAne ke adhikArI pAtra the|" "sirIpAla mayaNasuMdarIcariya (siddhacakra kathA) nAmaka pANDulipi digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna meM saMgRhIta pANDulipi meM se eka hai| isakI veSTana saMkhyA 1282 hai| isameM rAjA zrIpAla evaM unakI rAnI nAsundarI kI kathA evaM unake mAdhyama se siddhacakra pUjA ke mAhAtmya kA varNana hai| apabhraMza bhASA meM racita isa kathA ke racanAkAra 'paMDita NaraseNa' haiN| yaha kathA 96 pRSThoM (patra 42) meM nibaddha hai|" "kAlAvalI kI jayamAla' apabhraMza bhASA meM racita eka laghu racanA hai| isameM jaina darzana meM mAnya kAla (samaya) ke pariNamana kI avadhAraNA kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA "yaha racanA digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita 'jaina vidyA saMsthAna' ke pANDulipi bhaNDAra meM saMgRhIta guTakA saMkhyA 55, veSTana saMkhyA 253 meM pRSTha saMkhyA 6 se 9 para lipibaddha hai| 'kAla' arthAt 'samaya', jisake nimitta yA sahayoga se vastuoM kA parivartana jJAta hotA hai| saMsAra meM ghaTita pratyeka kriyA-kalApa, ghaTanA kAla/ samaya ke pariprekSya meM abhivyakta hotI hai, prakaTa hotI hai| kAla vastuoM, dravyoM ke pariNamana, parivartana meM eka udAsIna sahAyaka hai, nimitta hai|" ___ apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI apabhraMza bhASA ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie vividha upakramoM ke sAtha prayAsarata hai| apabhraMza bhASA kI pANDulipiyoM kI pratilipi, sampAdana-artha Adi karavAkara unheM prakAzita karanA bhI unameM eka pramukha upakrama hai| isa krama meM vigata aMkoM kI bhA~ti isa aMka meM 'siripAla mayaNasundarI cariya' ke eka aMza kI pratilipi kA prakAzana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI, apabhraMza bhASA kI hI eka laghu racanA 'kAlAvalI kI jayamAla' kA artha-sahita prakAzana kiyA gayA hai| ___ isa aMka ke prakAzana meM apane lekha bhejakara sahayoga pradAna karanevAle lekhakoM ke prati AbhArI haiN| saMsthAna samiti, sampAdaka maNDala evaM sahayogI sampAdaka va kAryakartAoM ke bhI AbhArI haiN| mudraNa ke lie jayapura prinTarsa prAiveTa limiTeDa, jayapura dhanyavAdAha hai| - DaoN. kamalacaMda sogANI (xi)

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara 2014 paumakitti viracita : 'pAsaNAha cariu' (apabhraMza bhASA kA pramukha mahAkAvya) - DaoN. premacandra rAMvakA apane janma se 'vArANasI' ko pAvana evaM prathita banAnevAle 23veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke prati atizaya zraddhA aura 24veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pUrvavartI-nikaTavartI tIrthaMkara hone se unake (tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke) prabhAvIpreraka pUrvabhavoM kA varNana evaM jIvanavRtta saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke kaviyoM ko vizeSa priya rahA hai| unake pUrva va vartamAna bhavoM se sambandhita 15 se bhI adhika carita kAvya upalabdha hote haiN| 'jina ratnakoza' ke anusAra tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke nAma se race gaye purANoM kI saMkhyA 11 hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM prathama pArzva-carita 'siri pAsanAha carita' devabhadra sUri ne likhA hai| tatpazcAt hemacandrAcArya kA 'triSaSThizalAkA puruSa carita' hai| digambara paramparA meM sarvaprathama AcArya guNabhadra kA za. saM. 827 kA 'uttarapurANa' paravartI kaviyoM ke lie AdhArabhUta grantha rahA hai| jinasena dvitIya kA pArvAbhyudaya' saM. 840 meM racA meghadUta kI samasyA pUrti meM 334 madAkrAntA chandoM meM nibaddha sandeza kAvya hai| puSpadanta kRta mahApurANa meM 'pArzvacarita' bhI hai| vAdirAja sUri kA za.saM. 947 (vi.saM. 1042) meM racA gayA 'pArzvanAtha carita' prathama svataMtra mahAkAvya hai| saM. 1189 kA zrIdhara kA 'pAsaNAha cariu', saM. 1276 meM racita mANikyacandra sUri kA

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 'pArzvanAtha caritra', saM. 1312 kA bhAvadeva kA 'pArzvanAtha caritra', bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti saM. 1470 kA 'pArzvapurANa', paM. raidhU kA 'pAsaNAha cariu', saM. 1515 kA tejapAla kA 'pArzvanAtha caritra', saM. 1640 kA vAdicandra kA 'pArzvapurANa', bhaTTAraka candrakIrti kA saM. 1654 kA 'pArzvapurANa', saM. 1697 kA kalyANakIrti kA 'pArzvanAtha rAso', saM. 1787 kA bhUdharadAsa kA 'pArzvapurANa' ullekhanIya carita kAvya haiN| isI zrRMkhalA meM za. saM. 999 (vi. saM. 1134) meM paumakitti viracita 'pAsaNAha cariu' apabhraMza bhASA kA vizruta pArzvacarita kAvya hai jisameM pArzvanAtha ke pUrvabhava marubhUti aura kamaTha ke bhavoM ke kramazaH sadAcAra aura atyAcAra kI kahAnI hai, jo uttara purANa para AdhArita hai| . ina vibhinna granthoM meM pArzvanAtha kA jo jIvana varNita hai usake anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma se 350 varSa pUrva vArANasI ke rAjA ke putra ke rUpa meM pArzva kA janma huaa| tIsa varSa kI Ayu taka ve apane mAtA-pitA ke pAsa rahe, phira prasaMgavaza saMsAra se udAsIna ho dIkSA grahaNa kii| kaThora tapasyAnantara apane upadezoM se janakalyANa kiyaa| 100 varSa kI Ayu pUrNa kara sammedazikhara para bhautika zarIra kA parityAga kiyaa| ___ yahA~ yaha ullekhya hai ki pArzvanAtha koI purANa puruSa hI nahIM the, apitu ve eka aitihAsika mahApuruSa the| dezI-videzI sabhI itihAsoM ne isakI puSTi kI hai ki mahAvIra ke pUrva bhI nirgrantha sampradAya vartamAna thA jisake pradhAna pArzvanAtha the| . cAturyAma dharma kA upadeza unhoMne hI diyaa| bauddha sAhitya meM mahAvIra va unake ziSyoM ko cAturyAma mukta kahA hai| AcArAMga sUtrAnusAra mahAvIra ke mAtA-pitA pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI the| prastuta lekha meM 'paumakitti' ke 'pAsaNAha cariu' para prAsaMgika vivecana prastuta kiyA gayA hai - 'paumakitti' yA padmakIrti isa prasiddha apabhraMza kRti 'pAsaNAha cariu' ke racayitA haiN| 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI pratyeka saMdhi ke antima kaDavaka ke ghattA meM, caturtha saMdhi ke aMta meM 'pauma bhaNaI' tathA 5vIM, 14vIM aura 18vIM saMdhiyoM ke antima pattA chandoM meM 'paumakitti' zabda ke prayoga se yaha nizcita hai ki yaha 'pauma' nAma granthakAra kA hai| 14vIM va 18vIM saMdhiyoM meM 'pauma' ke sAtha ullikhita 'muNi' zabda se granthakAra kA muni honA prakaTa hotA hai -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 "paumakitti muNipuMgavaho, deu jiNesaru vimlmi||". ataH kavi kA pUrNa nAma 'muni padmakIrti' hai| 'pAsaNAha cariu' ke antima kaDavaka meM kavi ne apanI guru-paramparA kA jo ullekha kiyA hai usake anusAra ye sena saMgha ke mAdhavasena-jinasena ke ziSya the| inhoMne apane mAtA-pitA kA kahIM ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| sAmAnyataH jaina muni gRhastha jIvana se virakta hote haiM ataH ve una AcAryoM kA smaraNa karate haiM jo unheM bhavasAgara se pAra utarane kA mArga dikhAte haiN| kavi kI guru-paramparA meM samasta AcArya sena saMgha ke the| sena saMgha dakSiNa bhArata kA eka prasiddha saMgha rahA hai| isI saMgha meM dhavalA TIkAkAra vIrasenAcArya tathA AdipurANa ke racayitA jinasenAcArya jaise ratna utpanna hue haiN| ataH padmakIrti dAkSiNAtya the| 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI antima prazasti' jisameM isakA racanAkAla za.saM. 999 (vi.saM. 1134 kArtikI amAvasyA) diyA hai, meM kavi ke vyaktitva para yatkiMcita prakAza par3atA hai - 'pauma kavi ne pArzvapurANa kI racanA kI, pRthvI para bhramaNa kiyA aura jinAlayoM ke darzana kiye| aba use jIvana-maraNa ke sambandha meM koI sukha-duHkha nhiiN| zrAvaka kula meM janma, jina-caraNoM meM bhakti tathA kavitva - ye tInoM, he jinavara 'padma' ko janmAntaroM meM prApta hoN|' muni padmakIrti ne 'pAsaNAha cariu' ko 18 saMdhiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| saMdhiyA~ punaH kaDavakoM meM vibhakta haiN| pratyeka saMdhi meM kaDavakoM kI saMkhyA bhinna hai| 14vIM saMdhi meM sarvAdhika kaDavaka haiN| pUre grantha meM 314 kaDavaka haiN| prAyaH eka kaDavaka meM 10-12 paMktiyA~ haiM, pUre grantha meM paMktiyoM kI saMkhyA 3640 hai| kavi ke anusAra yaha kAvya pUrA prAmANika hai| RSiyoM dvArA jo bhI tattva nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai, vaha saba isa grantha meM arthabhare zabdoM meM nibaddha hai| jo RSiyoM ne pArzvapurANa meM kahA hai, jo gaNadharoM, muniyoM aura tapasviyoM ne batAyA hai tathA kAvya-kartAoM ne nirdiSTa kiyA hai, vaha maiMne isa grantha meM prakaTa kiyA hai| jisase tapa va saMyama kA virodha hotA ho vaha maiMne nahIM kiyaa| jisase samyaktva dUSita hotA ho usa Agama se bhI merA koI prayojana nahIM, kyoMki viparIta samyaktva 1. 'pAsaNAha cariu' kI pANDulipi Amera zAstra bhaNDAra, jayapura (vartamAna jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrI mahAvIrajI) meM upalabdha hai| lipikAla samvat 1473 hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 sahita manohara kAvya bhI mithyAtva aura asukhakara hote haiN| zrI jinasena, jinake nimitta isa kathA ko rcaa| pUrva sneha ke citta meM jinavara virAjate the, unhIM ke kAraNa padmakIrti inakA ziSya huA - 4 ghattA - siri gurudeva pasAe, kahiu asesu vi cariu mai / 'paumakitti' muNipuMgavaho, deu jiNesaru vimalamai / / vivecya 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM mahAkAvya ke prAyaH sabhI lakSaNa vidyamAna haiN| grantha kA prAraMbha 24 tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra evaM unakI stuti se hotA hai cavIsa vi jiNavara sAmiya sivapura gAmiya paNavivi aNudiNa bhAve / puNu kaha bhuvaNa payAsaho payaDami pAsaho jaNaho majjhi sabbhAve / / zivapura ko prApta karanevAle caubIsa jiNavara svAmiyoM ko pratidina bhAvapUrvaka praNAma karake bhuvana ko prakAzita karanevAle pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI kathA ko jana - samudAya ke madhya sadbhAvapUrvaka prakaTa karatA huuN| - - cavIsa vi Narasura vaMdiya, jagi ahiNaMdiya bhaviyahaM maMgala hoM tu / bhavi bhavi bohi jiNesara jagaparamesara avicalu amhaI diMtu // | - * caubIsa tIrthaMkara manuSya aura devoM dvArA vaMdita haiM, aura jaga meM abhinandita haiN| ve jagata ke paramezvara jinezvara deva bhavyajanoM ke maMgalarUpa haiN| ve bhava-bhava meM hameM nizcala bodhi pradAna kreN| kavi kI vinayokti hai ki tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI yaha kathA jaga ke lie AkarSaka, tribhuvana meM zreSTha nara- suroM se pUjita, guNoM kI nidhi hai| isakA durlabha yaza yAvata mahItala - sAgaraparyanta tribhuvana meM prasArita hotA rhe| kAvya-racanA kI preraNA meM kavi kA kathana hai ki jina-bhakti hI kAvyazakti hai| kuzala kaviyoM dvArA isa loka meM aneka lakSaNoM se yukta kAvya race gaye haiN| to kyA usase zaMkita hokara anya sAdhAraNa kaviyoM ko apane bhAva kAvya dvArA prakaTa nahIM karanA cAhiye? kAvya kathAnaka padmakIrti ne 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM 7vIM sandhi taka pArzva ke pUrva janmoM kA varNana kiyA hai, vaha AcArya guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa meM bhI yatkiMcita milatA hai| -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 - jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM podanapura nagara kA zAsaka aravinda thaa| prabhAvatI usakI rAnI thii| usI nagarI meM veda-zAstrajJa vizvabhUti nAmaka brAhmaNa rAjapurohita thaa| anuddhari usakI patnI thii| inake kamaTha aura marubhUti do putra the| jyeSTha putra kamaTha caMcala svabhAvI thaa| kaniSTha putra marubhUti mahAnubhAva thaa| ye donoM kramazaH viSa aura amRta se banAye gaye the| kamaTha kI patnI 'varuNA' zIlA-zuddhAcAriNI thI; jabaki marubhUti kI patnI vasuMdharI viparIta AcaraNavAlI thii| vizvabhUti ke pazcAt rAjA ne marubhUti ko nItijJa aura sadAcArI mAnakara rAjapurohita banA diyaa| ekabAra marubhUti ko rAjA ke sAtha videza jAnA pdd'aa| isakI anupasthiti meM kamaTha ne sArI maryAdAoM ko tAka meM rakhakara choTe bhAI kI patnI vasundharA se prema karanA zurU kara diyaa| jise varuNA ne dekha liyA, usane apane devara marubhUti ko videza se lauTane para yaha batA diyaa| pahale to marubhUti ne isa para vizvAsa nahIM kiyA; para dUsare dina arddharAtri ko apane hI zayanakakSa meM inakI prema-lIlA apanI A~khoM se dekhI aura rAjA se zikAyata kii| usane kamaTha ko deza-nikAlA de diyaa| kucha dinoM bAda marubhUti meM bhrAtRtva bhAva jAgA aura kamaTha se rAjA ke manA karane para bhI milane gyaa| kaI dinoM bhUkhe-pyAse marubhUti ne kamaTha ko jaMgala meM tApasI veza meM dekhA, kSamA mA~gI para kamaTha ne krodhAveza meM marubhUti ko pattharoM se mAra ddaalaa| marubhUti marakara hAthI banA, kamaTha sarpa bnaa| varuNA hathinI bnii| isake bAda naveM bhava taka marubhUmi kA jIva apane satkarmoM se uttarottara zreSTha janma-cakrAyudha, kanakaprabha Adi rAjakumAra evaM indra banakara dasaveM bhava meM rAjA hayasena ke yahA~ pArzvanAtha banA aura pApI kamaTha apane duSkarmoM se sarpAdi yoniyoM evaM aneka narakoM meM yAtanAe~ bhogatA huA anta meM meghamAlIbhaTa tApasI bnaa| parantu kukRtya nahIM chor3a paayaa| pratyeka janma meM marubhUti ke jIva ko kamaTha ke (jIva ke) dveSa kA zikAra honA par3A hai| kamaTha kA jIva apane duSkarmoM se naraka evaM tiryaMca yoniyoM meM Akara pratyeka bhava meM pArzva ke prati hiMsA kA tANDava nRtya karatA hai| uttarapurANa meM kamaTha aura marubhUti ke bIca baira-baMdha ke kAraNa ko kevala eka zloka meM hI diyA hai; jabaki 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM baira-baMdha ke kAraNa ko pApAcAra kI eka pUrI kathA meM pariNata kara kavi ne apanI kalpanA evaM maulikatA kA paricaya diyA hai| granthakAroM ne kamaTha ke jIva ke janmoM meM vizeSa parivartana nahIM kiye haiN| usake janmoM kA jo krama uttarapurANa meM diyA hai vahI uttarakAlIna granthoM meM milatA

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 hai| yadi kucha bheda bhI hai to vaha usake dasaveM bhava meM milatA hai, jaba marubhUti kA jIva pArzva ke rUpa meM janma letA hai| uttarapurANa ke anusAra 10veM bhava meM kamaTha kA jIva eka rAjA mahIpAla ke rUpa meM utpanna huA, jo patnI ke viyoga se duHkhI hokara tapasvI bnaa| jabaki pAsaNAha cariu ke anusAra 9veM bhava ke pazcAt kamaTha kA jIva cAra bAra tiryagyoni meM aura cAra bAra naraka meM utpanna hone ke bAda kevaTa ke rUpa meM aura phira eka brAhmaNa ke kula meM janma letA hai| yahI brAhmaNa daridratA se duHkhI hokara kamaTha nAmaka tApasI banatA hai| isI ke Azrama ko dekhane pArzva vana meM jAte haiN| digambara paramparA meM pArzva ke pUrva bhavoM ke varNana kI zailI uttarapurANa meM nizcita kI jA cukI thI; use hI puSpadanta ne apane mahApurANa meM aura vAdirAja sUri ne apane pArzvanAtha caritra meM apnaayaa| padmakIrti ne bhI pAsaNAha cariu usI paramparA meM likhaa| pArzva ke vartamAna jIvana kI jhA~kI isaprakAra hai 6 - vArANasI nagarI ke rAjA hayasena aura rAnI vAmA devI ke yahA~ pArzva kA janma huaa| anya tIrthaMkaroM ke sadRza inake bhI kalyANaka sampanna hue / jaba pArzva 31 varSa ke the taba hayasena kI rAjasabhA meM kuzasthala (kannauja) ke rAjA zakra varmA ( zvasura ) kA dUta Akara unakI dIkSA ke samAcAra detA hai| phira ravikIrtti para yavanarAja ke AkramaNa ke samAcAra sunakara rAjA hayasena usakI rakSArtha jAne ko udyata hote haiM; parantu rAjakumAra pArzva unheM rokakara svayaM jAte haiM aura yavanarAja para vijaya pAte haiN| prasanna hokara ravikIrtti apanI kanyA se pArzva ke vivAha kA prastAva rakhate haiM, jise pArzva svIkAra karate haiN| eka dina nagara nivAsiyoM ke sAtha pArzva bhI kuzasthalI ke pAsa vana meM tApasI ke pAsa jAte haiM; jahA~ ve kamaTha ko agni meM usa lakar3I ko DAlane se rokate haiM jisameM sarpa kA jor3A hotA hai; parantu kamaTha nahIM maantaa| usake prahAroM se vaha sarpa-jor3A ghAyala ho jAtA hai| pArzva usa ghAyala nAga-yugala ko paMca namaskAra maMtra sunAte haiN| ghAyala nAga-yugala kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai| pArzva ke paMca namaskAra maMtra sunAne se ve nAga-nAgina svarga meM dharaNendra aura padmAvatI banate haiN| udhara sarpa kI mRtyu va jagata kI asAratA ko dekha pArzva ko vairAgya ho jAtA hai| ve dIkSA lete haiN| pArzva bhI vana meM kAyotsarga-tapasAdhanA meM lIna rahate haiN| kamaTha tApasI marakara asurendra banatA hai, vaha meghamAlI bhaTa ke rUpa meM Akara pArzva para vajrAghAta, bhayaMkara tUphAna, zastroM ke prahAra, meghoM kI vRSTi dvArA unakA dhyAna bhagna karanA cAhatA hai; para vaha asaphala hotA hai| pArzva apane avicalita zukladhyAna se kaivalya ko prApta karate haiN| isase pUrva nAgarAja

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 Akara unakI rakSA karate haiN| anta meM kamaTha sarvatra indra ke vajrAghAta se trasta ho trANa ke lie pArzva kI hI zaraNa meM jAtA hai| unase kSamA-yAcanA karatA hai| pArzva apanA zeSa jIvana dharmopadeza dvArA jana-jana kA kalyANa karate hue sammedazikhara se 100 varSa kI Ayu meM mokSa prApta karate haiN| uttarapurANa meM pArzva ke mAtA-pitA ke nAma brAhmI aura vizvasena haiN| pAsaNAha cariu meM hayasena va vAmAdevI haiN| yahA~ indra ne bAlaka kA nAma pArzvarUpA rakhA, anyatra vAmAdevI ko garbhAvasthA meM svapna meM pArzva meM sarpa dekhane se 'pArzvanAtha' rakhA gyaa| pArzva ke vivAha kA prasaMga anyatra nahIM miltaa| padmakIrti ne tApasI ke sAtha huI ghaTanA tathA sarpa kI mRtyu ko pArzva ke vairAgya kA kAraNa mAnA hai| yadyapi uttarapurANa meM isa ghaTanA kA ullekha avazya hai; para vaha vairAgya kA kAraNa nhiiN| uttarapurANa ke anusAra isa samaya pArzva kI Ayu 16 varSa kI thI; jabaki vairAgya 30 varSa kI Ayu meM huA jaba ayodhyA se Aye dUta ke mukha se RSabhadeva kA varNana sunane se pArzva ko jAti-smaraNa huaa| puSpadanta aura vAdirAja ne kamaTha kI ghaTanA kA varNana to kiyA hai, para use vairAgya kA kAraNa nahIM maanaa| yaha eka sAmya hai ki sarvatra dIkSA ke samaya Ayu 30 varSa hai| mAgha zuklA 11 ko dIkSA lene ke bAda pArzva ke dhyAnamagna ho jAne ke bAda kamaTha dvArA pArzva ko dhyAna se vicalita karane ke lie kiye gaye prayatnoM kA varNana padma ne kiyA hai| uttara purANa va anya granthoM meM vighnahartA zaMkara haiN| padma ne 'meghamAlina' nAma diyA hai| pArzva para kiye gaye atyAcAroM ke prasaMgoM meM dharaNendra nAma ke nAga kA ullekha aneka granthoM meM huaa| uttarapurANa Adi meM ise nAga kA hI jIva mAnA hai, jise kamaTha ne apane prahAroM se maraNAsanna kara diyA thA aura jisake kAna meM pArzva ne NamokAramaMtra uccArita kiyA thA, jisake kAraNa vaha deva yoni pA skaa| yahI dharaNendra pArzva kI rakSA karatA huA sabhI granthoM meM batAyA gayA hai| nirvANasthalI sammedazikhara tathA 100 varSa kI Ayu meM mokSa para saba ekamata haiN| ___'pAsaNAha cariu' kA sampUrNa AkhyAna karma siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karatA hai| pArzvanAtha apane pratyeka uttarottara janma meM adhikAdhika acche kArya karate hue batAye gaye haiM aura phalataH U~ce se U~ce svargoM meM sthAna pAte haiN| isake viparIta kamaTha apane janmoM meM bure se bure karma karatA hai aura isI saMsAra meM tathA narakoM

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 meM aneka duHkha pAtA hai| karma siddhAnta kA yaha atyanta saralIkRta rUpa hai| kavi ne pade-pade zubhAzubha karmoM ke pratiphala ko vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| 8 suhu asuhu jIu aNuhavai levi, NANAviha poggala sayahaM levi / ajarAmaru jIu aNAi kAlu, saMbahu bhamai bahu kamma jAlu / / 2.16 / / jIva apane karmAnusAra unakA phala bhogatA hai| zubhAzubha phala bhogakara nAnAvidha pudgaloM ko svayaM grahaNakara yaha ajara-amara jIva anAdikAla se karmajAla meM par3akara bahuta bhaTaka rahA hai| - sarpa kI mRtyu va jaga kI asAratA para pArzvakumAra kA vairAgyaparaka cintana isaprakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai tiNNa- laggu bindu sama - sarisu jIu, aNuhavai kammu jaM jeNa kIu / gajakaNNa cavala sama-sarisa lacchi, jahi jahi ji jAi tahi tahi alacchi / / 12 / / yaha jIvana tRNa para sthita jalabindu ke samAna hai| jo karma jisane kiyA hai, vaha use bhogatA hai| yaha lakSmI gaja ke karNoM ke samAna caMcala hai| yaha jahA~-jahA~ jAtI hai, vahA~-vahA~ azubha karatI hai| jahA~ zarIra meM vyAdhiyoM kA vRkSa vartamAna hai vahA~ jIvita rahate hue puruSa ko kauna-sA sukha ho sakatA hai! yahI sarpa pUrvAhna meM jIvita dikhAI diyA thA, para aparAhna meM isake jIvana kI samAdhi ho gaI! jabataka merI mRtyu nahIM hotI aura jabataka isa deha kA vighaTana nahIM hotA tabataka maiM kalikAla ke krodhAdi doSoM kA tyAga kara mahAna tapa kruuNgaa| - 18vIM saMdhi meM cAroM gatiyoM kA varNana evaM karmoM kA phala prabhAvI banA hai| jo manuSya mAyAvI hai, zIla vratoM se rahita hai, apane svArtha ke lie dUsaroM ko Thagate haiM tathA hitakara AcaraNa nahIM karate haiM ve pazuoM kI yoni meM utpanna hote haiN| jo lobha, moha aura dhana meM pha~se haiM aura RSiyoM, guruoM aura devoM kI nindA karanevAle haiM, ve nara, sthAvara aura jaMgama jIvoM meM tathA tiryaMcoM meM jAte haiN| jo supAtroM ko dAna dete haiM, jinakA sarala svabhAva hai, niSkapaTI haiM, paradhana kI icchA nahIM karate haiM, indriyoM kA damana karate haiM, jinakI kaSAyeM halkI hotI haiM, ve bhogabhUmi yA manuSya yoni meM janma lete haiN|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 mAyAvaMta sIla - vaya - vajjiya, para-vaMcaNa raya appuNa kajjiya / sahi ayAraha NAhi laijjahiM, pasavaha yoNihi te upajjahi / / 9 je loi moha dhaNagIDha risi guru devahaM NiMdayai / thAvara jaMgama jIvahi phuDau tirikkhahi jAhi gara / / 41 / / 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM jaina AcAra-vicAra evaM siddhAnta saMbaMdhI aneka tattva milate haiN| samyaktva kA svarUpa, zrAvaka evaM muni dharma, karma siddhAnta, vizva ke svarUpa kA vikAsa aadi| sAmAjika vyavasthAoM kA svarUpa kama hI citrita huA hai| usa samAja meM zakunoM para atyanta vizvAsa thaa| pArzva ke ( apane mAmA kI sahAyatArtha) yuddha hetu prasthAna karate samaya nAnA zakuna milate haiN| kavi kA kathana hai ki ye zakuna phala dene meM candra, sUrya, nakSatra Adi kI apekSA adhika samartha haiM - taM karai vAru Nakkhatu Na vi joga divAyara caMda blu| jaM paMthi payaTTahA mANusaho karahi asesa vi sauNa phalu / / 10-15 / / ye zakuna (gaja, vRSabha, siMha, kapota, koyala kI kUka, sArasa, haMsa kA svara, svarNa, kamala, pAnI, Ikha, zubhra vastra, keza, prajvalita agni, tandula, kumAriyA~, mAlA, kumbha kalaza) rAha calate manuSya ko jo phala dete haiM dina, nakSatra, graha, yoga, sUrya yA candramA kA bala vaha phala nahIM detaa| - zakunoM ke sAtha usa samAja meM jyotiSa zAstra meM bhI aTUTa zraddhA thii| vivAha ke prasaMga meM vara-vadhU kI kuMDaliyoM tathA zuddha vAra, tithi Adi kA vicAra Avazyaka thaa| isa viSaya meM 'pauma kavi' ne vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai, jisase unake jyotiSajJa hone kA pramANa milatA hai| ( 13-6.7) ravi kIrti kI kanyA prabhAvatI kA pArzva ke sAtha vivAha prastAva para jyotiSI kA mata hai| anurAdhA, svAti, tInoM uttarA, revatI, mUla, mRgazirA, maghA, rohiNI, hasta, ina nakSatroM meM vivAha kahA gayA hai| pANigrahaNa kisI maTha yA vizAla mandira puNyotsava kiye jaayeN| ina nakSatroM meM guru, buddha, zukra iSTa haiN| zeSa vAra doSayukta haiN| vara aura kanyA kI Ayu kI gaNanA kara tathA trikoNa aura SaSTASTaka donoM ko tyAga kara tulA, mithuna aura kanyA rAziyoM meM uttama vivAha hotA hai| yadi samasta guNoM se yukta lagna kisI bhI prakAra se na mila rahA ho to godhUli belA meM vivAha doSahIna hotA hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 prakRti varNana - meM sUryAsta, saMdhyA, sUryodaya, candrodaya va Rtu varNana ullekhanIya haiN| 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM padmakIrti ne sUryAsta-saMdhyAgama meM mAnavIya gatividhi ko dekhA hai| sUrya ko kavi ne mAnavI rUpa meM upasthita kara usake dvArA usakI tIna avasthAoM kA varNana karA kara usase mAnava ko pratibodhita kiyA hai - sUrya kA kathana hai ki pratyeka manuSya kI tIna avasthAe~ - udaya, utkarSa evaM asta hotI haiN| udaya ke samaya devatA bhI use praNAma karate haiM, utkarSa ke samaya vaha saMsAra ke Upara chAkara usakA bhalA karatA hai, para jaba usake asta kA samaya AtA hai taba sahodara bhI usakI sahAyatA ko nahIM aate| jo sAtha the ve bhI chor3a dete haiN| ataH manuSya ko asta ke samaya duHkhI nahIM honA caahiye| sUrya kA jo varNa udaya kAla meM thA, vahI asta hote samaya thaa| sahI hai jo ucca kula meM utpanna hote haiM ve sampatti-vipatti meM samAna rUpa se rahate haiN| ahavA mahaMta je kula pasUya te ANaya vihihi sarisa ruup|| sUrya asta hote samaya AkAza meM vizAla kiraNa-samUha se rahita huaa| saca hai - jo apane aMga se utpanna hue haiM ve bhI vipatti meM sahAyaka nahIM hote - aMgubbhavAhi ahavai mujhaMti, Avaihi sahinno NAhi hto|| asta hotA sUrya kahatA hai - logo, moha mata kro| maiM rahasya batAtA hU~ - maiM sakala saMsAra ko prakAzita karatA huuN| tama ke timira paTala kA chedana karatA huuN| sura-asura mujhe pratidina namaskAra karate haiM to bhI mujhameM tIna avasthAe~ haiM - merA udaya, utkarSa aura avasAna hotA hai| yaha adhruva kI paramparA hai| taba anya logoM kI bAta hI kyA? kavi kA kathana hai - dinakara ko asta hone kA soca nahIM, vaha to manuSyoM ko va devoM ko jJAna detA hai, svayaM ApadAgrasta hote hue bhI dUsaroM kA upakAra karanA, yahI mahAn kaviyoM kA svabhAva hai| (10.8.8) saMdhyA varNana meM kavi ne eka rUpaka bA~dhA hai - saMdhyA nAyikA hai, sUrya nAyaka premii| (yaha) sUrya nAyaka nAyikA ke prati anurakta hote hue bhI tabataka nAyikA ke pAsa nahIM jAtA jabataka ki vaha apanA kArya pUrNa nahIM kara letaa| saca hai, jo mahAna vyakti hote haiM ve apanA kArya sampanna karake hI ghara-parivAra meM (mahilAoM meM) anurakta hote haiN| ahavA mahaMta je Nara salajja, te ramahi mahilasu samatta kjj||10.9.5||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 kavi ne pA~cavIM saMdhi meM strI-puruSoM ke vividha lakSaNoM ko batalAyA hai| jinameM dayA-dharma hotA hai ve hI mitra haiM, aise hI vyakti vidvAnoM kI saMgati karate haiM, ve hI mAtA-pitA kI sevA karate haiN| 'pAsaNAha cariu' kA pradhAna rasa zAnta hai| 11-12vIM sandhiyoM ko chor3a zeSa meM muni kI zAMta tapasyA, muni tathA zrAvakoM ke zuddha caritroM kA vistRta varNana hai| aneka sthaloM meM kavi ne saMsAra kI anityatA tathA jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA dikhalAkara vairAgya utpanna kiyA hai| antima cAra saMdhiyoM meM pArzvanAtha kI pAvana jIvanacaryA evaM jJAnamaya upadezoM se kevala zAntarasa kI hI niSpatti huI hai| pArzva kI tapasyA meM 11 sama sattu - mittu sama rosa-tosu, kaMcaNa-maNi pekkhar3a dhUli sarisu / . sama sarisau pekkhar3a dukkhu - sokkhu, vaMdiu Naravara para gaNai mokkhu / / 10.3 / / unake lie zatru-mitra, roSa-toSa samAna the| ve suvarNa aura maNiyoM ko dhUli - samAna samajhate the| sukha-dukha ko samAnarUpa se dekhte| narazreSTha unakI vandanA karate, para ve mokSa para dhyAna rakhate the| - 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM vIra rasa kA bhI sundara paripAka huA hai| 11vIM sandhi pUrNa vIra rasa meM hai, vahA~ bhASA bhI ojayukta banI hai| bAlaka pArzva ko jaba hayasena yuddha meM jAne se rokate haiM to bAlaka pArzva kA pauruSa pradIpta ho uThatA hai kyA bAlaka kA pauruSa aura yaza nahIM hotA? kyA bAla agni dahana nahIM karatI? kyA bAlasarpa logoM ko nahIM kATatA ? kyA bAla - bhAnu andhakAra kA nAza nahIM karatA ? 'pAsaNAha cariu' meM alaMkAroM kA bAhulya hai| upamA to yatra-tatra sarvatra hai| mAlopamA vizeSa hai| kAvya-saundarya meM anUThI utprekSAoM kA upayoga huA hai| nabhatala meM jaba asurendra kA vimAna ruka jAtA hai to usake viSaya meM kavi ne 17 saMbhAvanAe~ vyakta kI haiM mAno vaha ratha pizAca ho jo vidyA se sthagita ho gayA hai, mAno vaha pudgala ho jo jIva ke ur3ajAne se sthagita ho gayA ho| isI prakAra jaba meghajAla gagana meM bar3hane lagatA hai to kavi 16 kalpanAoM kA varNana karatA hai| mAno duzcaritra vyaktiyoM kA apayaza bar3ha rahA ho, mAno khala vyaktiyoM ke hRdaya meM kAluSya bar3ha rahA ho, aadi| inake atirikta dRSTAnta, vyatireka, saMdeha, arthAntara nyAsa, tulyayogitA, vyAja stuti Adi alaMkAra bhI milate haiN| 'pArzva' ke kaivalya kI prApti para kavi ne saMkhyAtmaka krama se sundara citraNa kiyA hai - ( 14.30) -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 caitra kRSNA caturthI ko 'pArzva' ko unakI avicalita dhyAnArAdhanA se zukla dhyAna se jo kaivalya kI prApti huI usameM eka mithyAdarzana ko chor3anevAle, do prakAra se Artta - raudra dhyAnoM ko tyAganevAle, tIna daNDoM ko nizakta karanevAle, cAra karmoM ko dahana karanevAle, pA~ca ripuoM ke nAzaka, SaTrasoM ke tyAgI, saptabhayoM ke jetA, aSTa karmoM ke parihAraka, nau prakAra se brahmacArI, dasa dharmoM ke pAlaka, gyAraha aMgoM ke ciMtaka, bAraha tapa ke dhArI, teraha prakAra ke saMyamI, caudaha guNasthAnoM ke ArohI, pandraha pramAdoM ke parihAraka, solaha kaSAyoM ke vijetA, satraha prakAra ke saMyamArUr3hI, aThAraha doSoM se bacanevAle pArzva ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huI jo mAnava mana ko AnandadAyaka aura lokAloka-prakAzaka thaa| 12 - kavi padmakIrti kA yaha pArzvacarita pAThaka aura zrotA donoM ke hI ihalaukika vahI aura pAralaukika sukha evaM abhyudaya kA kAraka hai / kavi kI kAmanA hai| kRtArtha hai, vahI dhanya hai jisane isa calAyamAna saMsAra-cakra kA tyAga kiyA - sa kiyatthu dhaNu para so ji ekku, je melliu cala saMsAra-cakku / / he jinezvara, jaga ke svAmI! dhana, dhAnya yA rAjya meM kucha nahIM mAMgate / he jaga meM zreSTha bhaTTAraka! hameM aisI buddhi deM ki hama Apake caraNoM meM lage raheM dhaNa kaNa rajju jiNesa jaga paramesara AyahaM kiMpi Na maggahaM / ehibuddhi jaga - sArA dehi bhaDArA iha pai tuha olaggahaM / / 11 / / 000 22, zrIjI nagara, durgApurA jayapura-302018

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara, 2014 munizrI rAmasiMha kA 'pAhuDadohA' - prophesara (DaoN.) Aditya pracaNDiyA, DI.liT. apabhraMza ko hindI ke AdikAla ke sAhitya kA AdhAra mAnA jAtA hai| apabhraMzakAla meM 'kar3avaka' aura 'dohe' meM abhivyaMjita granthoM ne AvazyakatA, mUlyAMkana aura sAhityika gaveSaNA se vAGmaya kI zrIvRddhi kI hai| isI paramparA meM mahanIya kRti 'pAhuDadohA' eka laghukAyika muktaka racanA hai, jisake racayitA munizrI rAmasiMha haiN| isakA sampAdana DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne kiyA hai| isa kRti meM kula do sau bAIsa dohe haiN| 'pAhuDa' zabda kA artha jainAcAryoM ne vizeSa viSaya ke pratipAdaka grantha ke artha meM kiyA hai| 'pAhuDa' zabda saMskRta zabda 'prAbhRta' kA rUpAntara mAnA gayA hai, jisakA artha hai - 'uphaar'| ataH 'pAhuDadohA' kA artha 'dohoM kA upahAra'' samajhA jA sakatA hai| isa kRti ke sAtha 'dohA' zabda to chaMda kA bodhaka hI hai| prAkRta se lekara adyatana 'dohA' chanda kI paramparA calI A rahI hai| aneka ullekhanIya kaviyoM ne apane udgAroM kI abhivyakti ke lie isa sArapUrNa chanda ko apanAyA hai| munizrI rAmasiMha isI paramparA ke vidagdha jaina manISI kAvyakAra the| munizrI eka bhAvuka tathA ugra adhyAtmavAdI the| rUr3hiyoM ke munizrI kaTu Alocaka the| kabhI-kabhI unakA svara siddha kaviyoM se bhI milane lagatA hai| ataH bhASAzailI ke AdhAra para hama munizrI ko dasavIM zatI ke AsapAsa kA mAna sakate haiN|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 munizrI rAmasiMha ne dharma kI zAstrIya rUr3hiyoM aura bAhyADambaroM ke pratikUla jIvana - mukti tathA kaivalya kA asAdhAraNa upadeza diyA hai| uddezya meM vyApakatA aura vicAroM meM sahiSNutA hone ke kAraNa munizrI kI pAribhASika padAvalI aura kAvya zailI bhI sahaja - sAmAnya aura loka - pracalita ho gaI hai| 'dohApAhuDa' adhyAtma cintana ke kAraNa AdhyAtmika kAvya hai| munizrI ne isa racanA meM AtmAnubhUti aura sadAcaraNa ke binA karmakANDa kI nissAratA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| saccA sukha indriyanigraha va AtmadhyAna meM vidyamAna hai|' mokSamArga prAptyartha viSayaparityAga paramAvazyaka hai| munizrI ne guru kI mahattA pratipAdita kI hai| ' 'pAhuDadohA ' meM kramabaddharUpa se viSaya vivecana nahIM milatA hai|' muni rAmasiMha guru ko sAdhanApatha kA mArgadarzana karAne ke lie atyanta Avazyaka mAnate haiN| guru, sUrya, candra, dIpaka, deva saba kucha haiM kyoMki vaha AtmA aura para ke bheda ko prakaTa karatA hai, guru dvArA bodha prApta hue binA lobha-bhrama meM par3e rahate haiN| yogya guru mana ke dvaitabhAva ko naSTa kara detA hai tathA mana kI vyAdhi ko zAnta kara detA hai| munizrI kA mAnanA hai ki Atmasukha zreSTha hai| viSayoM kA bhoga karate hue bhI jo nirlipta rahate haiM, zAzvata sukha prApta karate haiN| viSaya sukhoM meM lipta rahanevAle narakagAmI hote haiN| mana kI zuddhi aura nizchalatA se paraloka prApta hotA hai| 14 AtmA aura deha kI bAta karate hue munizrI kahate haiM ki varNAdibheda deha ke haiN| AtmA ajarAmara, jJAnamaya hai| AtmA ko jAna lene para aura kucha jAnane ko nahIM rahatA, vaha paramAtmA, ananta aura tribhuvana kA svAmI hai| mana ke paramezvara se mila jAne kI dazA ko muni ne 'samarasa dazA' nAma diyA hai| jisaprakAra lavaNa pAnI meM vilIna ho jAtA hai usIprakAra citta paramAtmA meM vilIna hokara samarasa ho jAtA hai| AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI likhate haiM ki samarasya bhAva usa yuga kI eka mahattvapUrNa sAdhanA hai| sabhI sAdhanamArga isa zabda kA vyavahAra karate haiN| unake alaga-alaga tattvavAda haiN| unhIM se ina vyAkhyAoM kA poSaNa hotA hai para pariNAma meM vyavahArataH saba eka haiN| 7 munizrI rAmasiMha likhate haiM 'mana jaba paramAtmA se sAkSAtkAra kara letA hai aura paramAtmA kA jaba mana se milana ho jAtA hai to donoM kA sAmaMjasya yA samarasI bhAva ho jAtA hai| 98 ataH aisI sthiti meM sAdhaka -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ko pUjA-upAsanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| vaha to paramatattva ko prApta kara letA hai| phira pUjya, pUjaka yA upAsya aura upAsaka kA sambandha samAptaprAyaH ho jAtA hai| donoM abhinna ho jAte haiM to kauna kisakI pUjA kare? yahI to rahasyavAda kI aMtima avasthA hai| mana kI caMcala vRtti miTa jAne para yogiyoM ko sarvatra AtmA dikhane lagatI hai| mana saba vyApAroM se mukta ho jAtA hai| mana ke vyApAra TUTa-chUTa jAne para rAgadveSa bhAva bhagna ho jAte haiN| AtmA paramAtmA-paramapada meM mila jAtA hai, isako munizrI ne nirvANa kahA hai| yahI zUnya svabhAva hai, pApa-puNya sabase AtmA mukta ho jAtA hai| viSayoM kA tyAga, karmoM kA kSaya evaM viSayonmukha mana ko niraMjana AtmA meM lagAnA hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| indriya-sukha nirata vyakti ko zAzvata mokSa kI prApti durlabha hai| deha meM basanevAle deva ko jAna lene para saba viSaya chUTa jAte haiM aura saba karma naSTa ho jAte haiN| zubha-azubha sabhI saMkalpa naSTa ho jAte haiM aura janma-maraNa se mukti mila jAtI hai| viSayoM kI aneka sthaloM para tIvra niMdA kI gaI hai| zAstra, tIrtha, mUrtipUjA kI bhI niMdA munizrI ne kI hai| mukti ko strI, mana ko priyatama, deha ko mahilA, AtmA ko priya jaisI kalpanAoM meM sAdhanA ke premamaya madhura rUpa kI jhalaka dekhI jA sakatI hai| 'pAhuDadohA' ke chandoM meM aneka bAra eka hI viSaya kI punarAvRtti huI hai| sunizrI rAmasiMha kI mAnyatA hai ki tIrtha yAtrA, mUrtipUjA, maMdira-nirmANAdi kI apekSA deha-sthita deva kA darzana karanA caahie| AtmA isI deha meM sthita hai kintu deha se bhinna hai aura usI kA jJAna paramAvazyaka hai - hattha ahuTThahaM devalI vAlahaM NA hi pvesu| saMtu NiraMjaNu tahi vasai Nimmalu hoi gvesu||94|| arthAt yaha sAr3he tIna hAtha kA choTA-sA zarIrarUpI maMdira hai| mUrkha loga isameM praveza nahIM kara skte| isI meM niraMjana vAsa karatA hai| nirmala hokara use khojie|

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16 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 jaba AtmajJAna ho gayA to dehAnurAga kaisA? jisane AtmajJAnarUpI mANikya ko pA liyA vaha saMsAra ke jaMjAla se pRthak ho AtmAnubhUti meM ramaNa karatA hai - jai laddhau mANikkaDau joiya puhavi bhmNt| baMdhijjai Niya kappaDaiM joijjai ekkNt||216|| viSayoM kA tyAga kie binA AtmAnubhUti nahIM ho sktii| ataH viSayatyAga Avazyaka hai| viSayoM se parAGmukha hokara jo AtmA kA dhyAna karate haiM unheM asAdhAraNa sukha milatA hai| viSaya-tyAgI hI paramasukha pAtA hai| viSaya saba kSaNika haiN| indriya sukha aura mokSamArga bhinna-bhinna mArga haiN| ekasAtha donoM para calanA asambhava hai, eka hI ko cunanA par3egA - ve paMthehi Na gammai ve muha sUI Na sijjae kNthaa| viNNi Na huMti AyANA iMdiya sokkhaM ca mokkhaM c||213|| arthAt do mArgoM para nahIM jA sakatA, do mukhavAlI suI se kaMthA nahIM siyA jA sktaa| are ajJAnI! indriya sukha aura mokSa donoM sAtha-sAtha nahIM prApta ho skte| bAhya karma-kalApa se yadi Antarika zuddhi na ho to use bhI vyartha hI smjhie| yadi karma-kalApa se AtmAnubhUti na ho to vaha kisa kAma kA? sappiM mukkI kaMculiya jaM visu taM Na musi| bhoyahaM bhAu Na pariharai liMgaggahaNu krei||15|| arthAt sA~pa keMculI ko chor3a detA hai, viSa ko nahIM chodd'taa| isIprakAra viSaya-bhogoM ke parityAga se yadi viSayavAsanA aura bhoga-bhAva nahIM chUTatA to aneka veSa aura cihnoM ko dhAraNa karane se kyA lAbha? - muMDiya muMDiya muMDiyA, siru muMDiu cittu Na muNddiyaa| cittahaM muMDaNu niM kiyau saMsArahaM khaMDaNutiM kiyu||135|| kabIra ke nimna dohe se ukta chanda kI tulanA draSTavya hai - dAr3hI mUMcha muMDAya ke, haA ghoTama ghott| mana ko kyoM nahIM mUMDiye, jAme bhariyA khott||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 17 kavi saba karma-sAdhanoM ko vyartha samajhatA hai yadi ve Atmadarzana na karA skeN| vaha jJAna bhI vyartha hai jisase AtmajJAna nahIM hotaa| kavi ahiMsA aura dayA ko hI sabase bar3A dharma samajhatA hai| dasavidha dharma kA sAra ahiMsA hI hai - daha vihu jiNavara bhAsiyau dhammu ahiMsA saaru||201|| munizrI rAmasiMha ke 'pAhaDadohA' aura yogIndu ke 'paramAtmaprakAza' evaM 'yogasAra' meM aneka dohe AMzika yA pUrNarUpeNa milate-julate haiN| aise caubIsa dohe haiM jo munizrI rAmasiMha aura joiMdu ke granthoM ke samAnarUpa se dRSTigata haiN| vastutaH kAvyakAra munizrI rAmasiMha ne gurubhAva ko mahattA dete hue karmakANDa kA kaTTaratA se khaMDana kiyA hai| tIrthayAtrA, mUrtipUjA, maMtra-taMtra Adi sabako vyartha batAte hue Atmazuddhi para bala diyA hai| isa prakAra dohoM ke upahAra ke rUpa meM hama 'pAhuDadohA' se jIvana-mukti kA upahAra bhI prApta kara sakate haiN| rAjasthAna nivAsI munizrI rAmasiMha kA grantha 'pAhuDadohA' upadezapradhAna hai, ataH upadezAtmaka vANI meM jIvana kI sarala, sarasa anubhUti kA samanvaya kara munizrI ne ise gUr3ha aura sundara banA diyA hai| chaMda bhI aisA choTA cunA hai ki jisameM thor3e zabdoM meM bahuta kahane kI zakti samAviSTa hai| chaMda kI dRSTi se isa kRti kA mUlyAMkana karate haiM to kalpanA ho jAtI hai ki kisaprakAra isa dohe chaMda meM kAvyakAra ne apane gambhIra vicAroM ko mAnavIya durbalatAoM para pUrNatayA vicAra kara upadeza ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane prastuta kiyA hai| munizrI kA bhAva kabhI bhI apane bhASA jJAna yA pANDitya pradarzana kA nahIM rhaa| 'pAhuDadohA' kI bhASA purAnI hindI ke nikaTa lagatI hai| bhASA samAsa-pradhAna evaM jaTila nahIM hai| avahaTTa kI bhA~ti TakAra pradhAna hai| munizrI kI bhASA sAMketika hai aura sAMketika meM inakI samAnatA bauddha siddhoM ke caryA-padoM aura dohAkoza se kI jA sakatI hai|' 'pAhuDadohA' meM lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| aneka upamAoM, rUpakoM aura hRdayasparzI dRSTAntoM dvArA munizrI ne apane bhAvoM ko abhivyakta kiyA hai| dohoM meM vAgdhArAoM ke abhidarzana hote haiN| alaMkAroM para munizrI kA apanA prAdezika prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hai| unheM apanA pradeza priya hai| caMcala mana kI upamA munizrI ne 'karahA' se kI hai| 'karahA' zabda kA artha hotA hai - 'uuNtt'| U~Ta

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18 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 calane meM atyaMta caMcala hotA hai| isIlie mana kI caMcalatA kA mAnadaNDa 'karahA' zabda se yahI hai| kAvyakAra ne upamAoM aura rUpakoM kA prayoga pracuratA se kiyA hai| yathA - pA~ca indriyoM ko pA~ca baila, AtmA ko nandanakAnana, deha ko devAlaya yA kuTI, AtmA ko ziva, indriya vRttiyoM ko zakti ityaadi| apane ko strI, AtmA ko priya mAna usako prApta karane aura usameM ekAkAra ho jAne kI bhAvanA darzanIya hai| samAja kI rUr3hiyoM kA khaNDana aura mAnavatA ke dharAtala para khar3e hokara samarasatA, cittazuddhi para jora, bAhyAcAra kA virodha samarasI bhAva se svasaMvedya Ananda kA upabhoga tathA zivaparamapada kaivalya kI prApti Adi kA pracAra-prasAra kAvyakAra munizrI rAmasiMha ke 'pAhuDadohA' kA uddezya rahA hai| nirveda kI bhAvanAe~ 'pAhuDadohA' meM sarvatra milatI hai| zAMtarasa kI anubhUti ke dvArA hama saMsAra ke prati kucha aise manobhAvoM kI niSpatti anubhava karane lagate haiM jinase hRdaya zAMti prApta karatA hai tathA jo isa kolAhala se dUra kahIM ekAMta meM jAkara sAdhanA karane para hI ho sakatA hai| isa dRSTi se munizrI rAmasiMha jaina rahasyavAdI kAvyakAra Thaharate haiM aura unakA 'pAhuDadohA' AdikAla kI aneka graMthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM apanI mahatI bhUmikA adA karatA hai| 1. DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA, apabhraMza bhASA kA pAribhASika koza, khaNDa eka, tArAmaNDala, alIgar3ha, san 1999, pRSTha 64. 2. DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina, apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI, san 1965, pRSTha 81. DaoN. nAmavara siMha, hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, pRSTha 265. 4. DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA, apabhraMza Aloka, akhila bhAratIya sAhitya kalA maMca, murAdAbAda, 2008, pRSTha 15. ___DaoN. Aditya pracaNDiyA, apabhraMza bhASA kA pAribhASika koza, khaNDa eka, tArAmaNDala, alIgar3ha, san 1999, pRSTha 64. DaoN. rAmasiMha tomara, prAkRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya, hindI pariSad prakAzana prayAga, 1964, pRSTha 77. 6.

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19 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 7. hajArIprasAda dvivedI, madhyakAlIna dharma sAdhanA, pRSTha 45. 8. muni rAmasiMha, pAhuDadohA, dohAMka 48. 9. DaoN. rAmakumAra varmA, hindI sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa, pRSTha 83. 10. DaoN. alakA pracaNDiyA, apabhraMza kAvya kI lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA hindI para prabhAva, tArAmaMDala, alIgar3ha, san 2001, pRSTha 38. maMgalakalaza 394, sarvodayanagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha - 202001 (u.pra.) dUrabhASa : (0571) 2410486, calabhASa : 9897144022

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20 maMdamaMdAramayaraMnaMdaNavaNaM..... maMdamaMdAramayaraMdanaMdaNavaNaM taraladalatAla-calalavali - kayalIsuhaM villa-veilla-cirihilla - sallaivaraM karuNakaNavIrara - karamara- karIrAyaNaM kusumarayapayarapiMjariyadharaNIyalaM bhamiyabhamaraulasaMchaiyapaMkayasaraM apabhraMza bhAratI 21 rukkharukkhammi kappayarusiyabhAsirI tikkhanahacaMcukaNailla-khaMDiyaphalaM / mattakalayaMThikalayaMThamelliyasaraM / raivarANatta avaiNNamAhavasirI / mahAkavi vIra jaMbUsAmicariu, 4.16 usa nandanavana meM maMdAra kI maMda makaraMda phaila rahI thI; aura vaha kuMda, karavaMda, (karauMdA ? ) mucakuMda tathA caMdana vRkSoM se saghana thaa| vahA~ tarala pattoMvAle tAla, caMcala lavalI aura suMdara kadalI tathA drAkSA, padmAkSa evaM rudrAkSa ke vRkSa the| bela, vicikilla, cirihilla, tathA suMdara sallakI aura Ama, jaMbIra (nIMbU), jaMbU, tathA uttama kadaMba the| komala kanaira, karamara, karIra (karIla ? ), rAjana (saM. rAjAdanI), nAga, nAraMgI, va nyagrodha ke vRkSoM se aMbara nIlA (harita) ho rahA thaa| kusumaraja ke prakara (samUha) se vahA~ kA bhUmibhAga piMgalavarNa ho gayA thaa| zukoM ke tIkhe nakha va caMcuoM se vahA~ ke phala khaMDita the| ghUmate hue bhramarakuloM se paMkaja-sarovara AcchAdita aura matta kalakaMThiyoM ke madhura kaMTha se svara chUTa rahA thaa| ratipati kI AjJA se vRkSa - vRkSa meM kalpavRkSa kI zobhA se bhAsvara mAdhava zrI (vasaMta-zobhA) avatIrNa huii| thA, kuMda - karavaMda - macakuMda caMdaNaghaNaM / dakkha- paumakkha - ruddakkhakhoNIruhaM / aMbajaMbIra - jaMbU- kayaMbUvaraM / - nAraMga - naggohanIlaMbaraM / nAga anu. DaoN. vimalaprakAza jaina

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara, 2014 21 muni rAmasiMha kRta pAhuDadohA meM adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda : eka vivecana - DaoN. rAjendrakumAra baMsala jina - zAsana nAyaka bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tatkAlIna janabhASA arddhamAgadhI meM dharmopadeza dekara sarvakalyANakArI akhaNDa caitanya AnandarUpa AtmA kI anubhUti dvArA paramAtmapada kI prApti ke dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA kI thii| mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pA~ca sau varSa pazcAt jaina sAhityarUpa prathama zrutaskaMdha kA sRjana janabhASA prAkRta meM SaTkhaNDAgama siddhAnta grantha ke rUpa meM puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI dvArA kiyA gyaa| AcArya gaNadhara ne kaSAya pAhuDa kI racanA kii| prasiddha jainAcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra, pravacanasAra Adi 84 pAhuDoM kI racanA prAkRta bhASA meM kI jo dvitIya zrutaskaMdha ke nAma se prasiddha hue| ye pAhuDa mUlataH adhyAtmaparaka haiM aura digambara jainadharma kI mUlaAmnAya kI avadhAraNA ko puSTa karate haiN| isa dRSTi se AcArya kundakunda mUlasaMgha ke Adya saMrakSaka mAne jAte haiN| isake pazcAt eka hajAra varSa taka prAkRta bhASA meM jaina - sAhitya kI bahuAyAmI racanAoM kA sRjana huaa| yaha prAkRta bhASA jaina saMdarbha meM 'jaina zaurasainI' evaM 'jaina mahArASTrI' ke rUpa meM cihnita kI gyii| isa kAla meM prAkRta kI sahodarA ke rUpa meM saMskRta bhASA meM bhI vipula jaina - sAhitya kA sRjana huaa|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 prAkRta bhASA ke sAhityika rUpa lene para lokabhASA ke rUpa meM apabhraMza bhASA kA udaya aura vikAsa huaa| jaina AcAryoM ne lokabhASA ke rUpa meM apabhraMza bhASA ko apanAyA aura apabhraMza meM bhI sAhitya kA sRjana kiyaa| yaha krama 7vIM zatAbdI se 17vIM zatAbdI taka lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa taka pravahamAna rhaa| DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ke anusAra 12vIM zatAbdI usakA madhyAhna kAla thA, usa samaya taka yaha eka samRddha aura praur3ha sAhityika bhASA ho cukI thI - yahA~ taka ki isake svataMtra vyAkaraNa, chandazAstra aura koSa kI AvazyakatA pratIta hone lagI thii| isa bhASA ko vibhraSTa saMskRta, apabhraSTa prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi nAmoM se pukArA gyaa| apabhraMza ke sAhityika rUpa lene para lokabhASA ke rUpa meM hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI Adi bhASAoM kA udaya huaa| jaina AcArya aura vidvAnoM ne apabhraMza bhASA meM jaina sAhitya kA sRjana vipula rUpa se kiyaa| isa bhASA ke samagra sAhitya kA picahattara pratizata (75%) bhAga jaina sAhitya kA hai| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne apabhraMza bhASA meM paumacariu, riTThaNemicariu (ariSTanemicaritra) Adi mahAkAvyoM kI racanA kii| unake putra tribhuvana svayaMbhU ne sAta sandhiyA~ paumacariu meM aura jor3a diiN| mahAkavi puSpadanta ne mahApurANa nAmaka mahAkAvya sRjita kara apanA nAma amara kara diyaa| jainakavi devasena, mahezvarasUri, padmakIrti, dhanapAla dhakkar3a, hariSeNa, nayanandi, dhavala, vIra, zrIcanda Adi ne apanI kAvyakRtiyoM se apabhraMza sAhitya ko samRddha kiyaa| inake uparAnta zrIdhara kanakAmara, dhAhila, yazaHkIrti Adi kaviyoM ne sarasa kRtiyA~ pradAna kii| AcArya hemacandra ne apabhraMza bhASA kA svataMtra vyAkaraNa likhaa| narasena, siMha, mANikyarAja, padmakIrti aura raidhU madhyakAla ke apabhraMza sAhityasRjaka hue| inameM raidhU ne lagabhaga 25 racanAe~ likhiiN| apabhraMza meM rAsakAvya racane kI viziSTa paramparA rhii| kavivara vinayacandra, bhagavatIdAsa, yogadeva, jinaharSa sUravinaya, jayavimala, RSabhadAsa Adi ne apabhraMza rAsakAvya racakara apabhraMza ko amara kara diyaa| kahA (kathA) sAhitya kA bhI sRjana huaa| AcArya yogIndudeva ne paramAtmaprakAza, yogasAra, Adi adhyAtmaparaka racanAe~ apabhraMza meM likhiiN| muni rAmasiMha ne 'pAhuDadohA' ke

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 mAdhyama se jaina adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda ko pratipAdita kiyaa| isa Alekha kI * viSayavastu pAhuDadohA hai / muni rAmasiMha - eka paricaya pAhuDadohA kI gAthA 212 meM kavi ne apanA nAma 'muni rAmasiMha' ke rUpa meM ghoSita kiyA hai| gAthA isaprakAra hai - 23 aNupehA bAraha vi jiya bhAvivi ekkamaNeNa / rAmasIhu muNi ima bhaNai sivapuri pAvahi jeNa / / artha he jIva ! ekAgra mana se bAraha bhAvanAoM kI bhAvanA kr| isase mukti kI prApti hotI hai - aisA rAmasiMha muni kahate haiN| ukta kathana se spaSTa hai ki pAhuDadohA muni rAmasiMha kI racanA hai| DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne nAma ke sAtha 'siMha' zabda saMlagna hone se yaha anumAna kiyA hai ki muni rAmasiMha arhadabalI AcArya dvArA sthApita 'siMha' saMgha ke the| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki kavi ne apane paramparAgata nAma kA ullekha kiyA ho| isa prakAra ke nAma paMjAba meM vizeSataH calate haiN| saMbhava hai ki kavi paMjAba se rAjasthAna A gaye hoN| DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ke zabdoM meM " grantha meM karahA (U~Ta) kI upamA bahuta AyI hai tathA bhASA meM bhI rAjasthAnI hindI ke prAcIna muhAvare dikhAI dete haiN| isase anumAna hotA hai ki granthakAra rAjapUtAnA prAnta ke the / " 2 kavi kA samaya muni rAmasiMha ne AcArya kundakunda ke samayapAhuDa, pavayaNapAhuDa, liMgapAhuDa Adi AdhyAtmika granthoM kA sAra tathA paramAtmaprakAza evaM yogasAra kI bhASA-zailI ke prakAza meM pAhuDadohA kI racanA kii| AcArya amRtacandra dazavIM zatAbdI meM hue| unhoMne samayasAra, pravacanasAra aura paMcAstikAya granthoM kI vizada TIkA likhI aura kundakunda kA rahasya udghATita kiyA / * DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI dvArA sampAdita pAhuDadohA kA prakAzana bhAratIya jJAnapITha se 1998 meM huaa|

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24 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 AcArya amRtacandra ne 'paMcAstikAya-pAhuDa' kI gAthA TIkA 146 meM pAhuDadohA kI gAthA 99 ko uddhRta kiyA, jo isa prakAra hai - aMto Natthi suINaM kAlo thoo vi amha dummehaa| taM Navari sikkhiyavvaM jaM jaramaraNakkhayaM kunnhi|| artha - zrutiyoM kA anta nahIM hai, samaya alpa hai aura hama durbuddhi haiN| isaliye mAtra vahI sIkhane yogya hai jo jarA-maraNa kA nAza kara de| isaprakAra muni rAmasiMha AcArya amRtacandra (dazavIM zatAbdI) ke pahale hue tabhI amRtacandra apanI TIkAoM meM unakA uddharaNa dete haiN| AcArya jayasena ne bhI ukta gAthA ko paMcAstikAya-pAhuDa kI gAthA TIkA 154 meM uddhRta kI hai| AcArya jayasena kA samaya bArahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha hai| __DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye muni rAmasiMha ko joindu (chaThI zatI) evaM hemacandra ke madhya meM hue mAnate haiN| unake anusAra - "rAmasiMha yogIndu ke bahuta RNI haiM, kyoMki inake grantha kA eka paMcamAMza - jaisA ki pro. hIrAlAlajI kahate haiM - paramAtmaprakAza se liyA gayA hai| rAmasiMha rahasyavAda ke premI the aura sambhavataH isI se prAcIna granthakAroM ke padyoM kA upayoga unhoMne apane grantha meM kiyA hai| unake samaya ke bAre meM kevala itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki muni rAmasiMha joindu aura hemacandra ke madhya hue haiN| zrutasAgara, brahmadeva, jayasena aura hemacandra ne unake dohApAhuDa se kucha padya uddhRta kiye haiN| dohApAhuDa aura sAvayadhammadohA meM do padya bilkula samAna haiN|''3 DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI kA mata isaprakAra hai - "isaprakAra muni rAmasiMha ke samaya kI nimnatama sImA sAtavIM zatAbdI tathA adhikatama sImA nauvIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha hai| mere apane vicAra meM unako nauvIM zatAbdI kA mAna lenA caahie|' isaprakAra, munirAmasiMha nauvIM zatAbdI ke santa kavi haiN| racanA kA svarUpa pAhuDadohA vizuddha adhyAtmaparaka evaM rahasyavAdI racanA hai| isameM dharma ke nAma para pracalita pAkhaNDa kA virodha ojasvI svaroM meM kiyA hai| ArAdhanA hetu

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 mAtra jinendradeva ko ArAdhya mAnA hai| isameM 220 padya haiN| antima kucha padyoM ko chor3akara zeSa dohA rUpa meM haiN| isaprakAra yaha dUhAkAvya hai aura apabhraMza bhASA kI zreSTha racanA hai| isameM pratIkoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| DaoN. hIrAlAlajI kA kathana hai ki "pAhuDadohA meM jogiyoM kA Agama acit aura cit, dehadevalI, ziva aura zakti, saMkalpa aura vikalpa, saguNa aura nirguNa, akSara, bodha aura vibodha, vAma-dakSiNa aura madhya, do patha, ravi-zazi, pavana aura kAla Adi aise zabda haiM aura inakA aise gahana rUpa meM prayoga huA hai ki unase hameM yoga aura tAMtrika granthoM kA smaraNa Aye binA nahIM rhtaa|' isaprakAra hindI sAhitya meM nirguNadhArA kI dIrgha paramparA jaina aura bauddha saMta-sAdhuoM ke mAdhyama se pravAhita huI dikhAI detI hai| muni rAmasiMha ne pAhuDadohA meM paramAtmaprakAza meM upalabdha apabhraMza bhASA kA prayoga kiyA hai| unakI bhASA bolacAla kI hone para bhI kavi kI pahacAna spaSTa rUpa se liye hue hai| DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye ke matAnusAra - dohApAhur3a meM akArAnta zabda ke SaSThI ke eka-vacana meM 'ho' aura 'hu~' pratyaya Ate haiM kintu paramAtmaprakAza meM kevala 'ha~' hI pAyA jAtA hai tathA tuhAraU, tuhArI, dohiM mi, dehahaMmi, kahimi Adi rUpa paramAtmaprakAza meM nahIM pAye jaate|'' DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ne pAhuDadohA kI bhASA kI vizeSatA batAte hue likhA - 'muni rAmasiMha kI bhASA sazakta, vyaMjanAtmaka tathA pUrNataH sAMketika hai| yahI vizeSatA uttama kAvya kI kahI jAtI hai| vAstava meM uttama kAvya meM vyaMgya pradhAna hotA hai| apane gUr3ha tathA AdhyAtmika vicAroM ko spaSTa rUpa se vibhinna zabda-saMketoM dvArA abhivyaMjita karane hetu abhivyaMjanA kA ucita Alambana liyA gayA hai| saMkSepa meM, muni rAmasiMha kI bhASA kAvyAtmaka vizeSatAoM se yukta hai|'' rahasyavAda bhagavAna mahAvIra kI divyadezanA se udbhUta zruta-paramparA kI mUladhArA kA anusaraNa karate hue muni rAmasiMha ne AtmA kI akhaNDa AtmAnubhUti ko kendrabindu

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26 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 banAte hue adhyAtmapradhAna pAhuDadohA kI racanA kara pAhuDa-paramparA ko puSTa kiyaa| isa kRti kI mahattA DaoN. premasAgara jaina ne isa prakAra darzAyI - "madhyakAla ke prasiddha muni rAmasiMha kA 'pAhuDadohA' apabhraMza kI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM ve sabhI pravRttiyA~ maujUda thIM jo Age calakara hindI ke nirguNakAvya kI vizeSatA bniiN| unameM rahasyavAda pramukha hai|" upaniSadoM meM brahma eka vizvavyApI tattva mAnA gayA hai| samasta jIvAtmAe~ usa vizvavyApI tattva kA aMza haiN| upaniSadoM kA brahma pratyeka vastu kA utpAdaka aura Azraya hai| pratyeka jIvAtmA kA vilaya brahma meM ho jAtA hai| vedAnta meM AtmA, paramAtmA aura vizva eka brahmasvarUpa hai| vaha nirguNa hai, svataMtra aura sanAtana tattva hai| vaha eka aura advaita hai| upaniSada ke anusAra vizva brahma hai aura brahma AtmA hai| upaniSada AtmA aura brahma ke aikya kA samarthana karate haiN| AtmA kI sattA kA brahma se milana honA hI rahasya kA mUla hai| isa brahma ko hI paramabrahma yA paramAtmA kahate haiN| sampUrNa sRSTi usa parama brahma kI eka sattA hai| upaniSada aura vedAnta ekArthavAcI haiN| isameM AtmA kA paramabrahma se milana honA evaM usase ekatva kI sAdhanA akhaNDa AtmAnubhUti kI sAdhanA se hotI hai. isI bindu se rahasyavAda ko nizchala bhAvAtmakatA kA prakAzana hotA hai jisameM aMza aMzI ke sAtha ekAtmakatA kI anubhUti karatA hai| DaoN. rAmamUrti tripAThI ke zabdoM meM, "rahasyavAda rahasyadarziyoM kA vaha sAMketika kathana yA vAda hai, jisake mUla meM akhaNDAnubhUti aura AtmAnubhUti nihita hai|"9 rahasyavAda meM paramabrahma kI anubhUti ko sAMketika bhASA meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| yaha AdhyAtmika abhivyakti hai jise deza ke saMtoM ne rahasyAtmaka abhivyaMjanA ke mAdhyama se rahasyavAda ko darzAyA hai| veda, upaniSada, bauddha suttanikAya, jaina adhyAtma sAhitya evaM siddha sAhitya meM saccidAnanda paramabrahma-paramezvara kI rahasyAtmaka abhivyaMjanA apanI-apanI pracalita-rUr3ha zabdAvalI meM upalabdha hai jo jIvana ko Alokita karatI hai| jaina sAdhaka santoM kI AdhyAtmikatA ko dRSTigata kara DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne bhI jaina sAdhakoM ko rahasyavAdI svIkAra kiyA hai|10

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 27 rahasyavAda kI vizeSatAe~ rahasyavAda kI vyAkhyA karanA sarala nahIM hai| rahasyavAda svayaM meM rahasyamaya hai| DaoN. e.ena. upAdhye ne paramAtmaprakAza kI prastAvanA meM gUDhavAda (rahasyavAda) kI nimna vizeSatAe~ darzAyI haiM - 1) yaha mana kI usa avasthA ko batalAtA hai jo turanta nirvikAra paramAtmA kA sAkSAt darzana karAtI hai| yaha AtmA aura paramAtmA ke bIca meM pArasparika anubhUti kA sAkSAtkAra hai jo AtmA aura antima satya kI ekatA ko batAtA hai| isameM jIva apanI pUrNatA aura svataMtratA kA anubhava karatA hai| 2) isakA anubhava karane ke lie aisI AtmA kI AvazyakatA hai jo apane ko jJAna aura sukha kA bhaNDAra samajhe tathA apane ko paramAtmapada ke yogya jaane| 3) yadi gUr3havAda AdhyAtmika aura dhArmika ho to dharma (AtmA) ko dhyeya aura dhyAtA meM ekatva sthApita karane kA upAya avazya batAnA caahiye| 4) gUr3havAda sAdhAraNatayA saMsAra ke sambandha meM aura vizeSa kara sAMsArika pralobhanoM ke sambandha meM svAbhAvika udAsInatA dikhAtA hai| 5) gUDhavAda se usa sAmagrI kI prApti hotI hai jo laukika jJAna ke sAdhana mana aura indriyoM kI sahAyatA binA hI pUrNa satya ko jAna letI hai| 6) dhArmika gUr3havAda meM kucha naitika niyama rahate haiM jo eka Astika ko avazya pAlane caahiye| 7) gUDhavAda sambandhI rahasyoM kA upadeza karanevAle guruoM kA sammAna karanA eka gUr3havAdI kA kartavya hai| ukta bindu rahasyavAda ke gaMtavya aura usakI prakriyA Adi para prakAza DAlate haiM jo sAdhaka ke lie anukaraNIya hai| aba prazna yaha uThatA hai ki jaina darzana, jo ki vedAnta se bhinna hai, meM rahasyavAda kisa prakAra ghaTita hotA hai aura vedAnta ke rahasyavAda se usameM kyA

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28 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 samAnatA yA antara hai? jainadharma ke prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva vizva ke prathama rahasyavAdI the jinhoMne viSaya-bhogoM kA parityAga kara zarIra ke prati atyanta udAsInatA darzAte hue AtmAnubhava/AtmasAkSAtkAra kara AtmalInatA dvArA siddhatva kI prApti kii| zrImad bhAgavata meM (aSTama) RSabhAvatAra kA pUrA varNana hai aura unhIM ke upadeza se jainadharma kI utpatti bhI batalAI hai|12 "bhAgavatakAra ne bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko yogI batalAyA hai| yoM to kRSNa ko bhI yogI mAnA jAtA thaa| kintu kRSNa kA yoga 'yugaHkarmasu kauzalam' ke anusAra karmayoga thA aura bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA yoga karmasaMnyAsa-rUpa thaa| jainadharma meM karmasaMnyAsa-rUpa yoga kI hI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| RSabhadeva se lekara mahAvIra-paryanta sabhI tIrthaMkara yogI the| mauryakAla se lekara Ajataka kI sabhI jaina mUrtiyA~ yogI ke rUpa meM hI prApta huI haiN|''13 yaha smaraNIya hai ki bhAgavata meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA varNana jaina paurANika varNanoM ke samAna hai| nAbhiputra RSabhadeva ke putra cakravartI bharata ke nAma para isa deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa pdd'aa| isakI puSTi hindU purANoM se hotI hai| pro. rAnaDe ne jainadharma ke prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko eka bhinna prakAra ke gUr3havAdI (rahasyavAdI) honA svIkAra kiyA hai|15 jaina rahasyavAda : kAraNa paramAtmA evaM kArya paramAtmA ke dvaita kA abhAva / jainadarzana kA mUla svarUpa kaSAyapAhuDa, SaTkhaNDAgama Adi siddhAnta granthoM evaM AcArya kundakunda kI pAhuDa racanAoM aura unake TIkA granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| jainadarzana vastu svAtaMtra evaM svAvalambana para AdhArita darzana hai| vizva anAdinidhana hai| isakA koI sRjaka, saMrakSaka aura saMhAraka nahIM hai| vizva jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina chaha dravyoM kA samudAya hai| 'sadravyalakSaNam' dravya kA lakSaNa sat arthAt sattA hai| sattA kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| ataH dravya kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya rUpa dravya trilakSaNAtmaka hotA hai| isakA artha hai apanI sattA banAe rakhakara usameM nirantara parivartana hotA rahatA hai| isaprakAra vizva svacAlita hai| vedAnta sRSTi kA sRjaka-saMhAraka Izvara ko mAnatA hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 jainadharma paramAtmA/Izvara meM vizvAsa karatA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka AtmA meM paramAtmA hone kI zakti vidyamAna hai| karma baMdhana se mukta AtmAe~ kAryaparamAtmA ho jAtI haiN| vaise to svabhAvataH sabhI AtmAe~ zuddha aura kAraNaparamAtmasvarUpa haiM; kintu vidyamAna vikAra-vibhAvoM ke kAraNa ve saMsAra meM bhaTaka rahI haiN| karma-baMdhana se mukta vItarAgI AtmAe~ 'kArya paramAtmA' kahalAtI haiN| vahI sacce deva yA jinendra kahalAte haiN| vItarAgI jinendradeva se bhinna koI bhI rAgI-dveSImohI jIva pUjya nahIM haiN| SaDdarzana samuccaya ke jainamatam ke nimna zloka draSTavya haiM -16 jinendro devatA tatra raagdvess-vivrjitH| hatamoha mahAmallaH kevljnyaan-drshnH||45|| surAsurendra saMpUjyaH sadbhUtArtha prkaashkH| kRtsna karmakSayaM kRtvA saMprAtaH prmpdm||46|| artha - jainadarzana meM rAga-dveSa se rahita vItarAga, mahAmoha kA nAza karanevAle, kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana-vAle, devendra aura dAnavendra se saMpUjita, padArthoM kA yathAvata satyarUpa meM prakAza karanevAle tathA samasta karmoM kA nAzakara paramapada mokSa ko pAnevAle jinendra ko hI deva mAnA hai| adhyAtma mArga meM jinendradeva-rUpa sacce deva kI pahicAna aura dRr3ha zraddhAna Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai kyoMki unake svarUpa ke mAdhyama se deha-devAlaya meM baiThe bhagavAna AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra yA anubhava hotA hai| rahasyadarziyoM ko akhaNDa AnandAnubhUti ke lie deva ke svarUpa ko dravya-guNa-paryAyarUpa se jAnanA anivArya hai| unake jJAna-zraddhAna se ajJAna-aMdhakAra ke vinAza kI prakriyA prAraMbha hokara AtmasvarUpa kA darzana/zraddhAna hotA hai| isakA AdhAra tattvajJAna hai| jainadarzana meM AtmA kI zuddhi yA vikArI se avikArI-paramAtmA hone hetu sapta tattvoM evaM nava padArthoM ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| saptatattva-nava padArthoM kA svarUpa rahasyavAdiyoM ke lie AtmAnubhUti kA AdhyAtmika mArga darzAnevAlI AcArya kundakundadeva kI amara kRti 'samayasAra' jainadarzana kA AdhAra hai| AcArya amRtacandra

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ne ise jagata kA advitIya Agama cakSu kahA hai 'na khalu samayasArAduttaraM kiMcidasti', 'idamekaM jagaccakSurakSaya' (AtmakhyAti kalaza 244-245 ) / AcArya kundakunda ne svayaM ghoSita kiyA ki jo AtmA samayasAra meM pratipAdita Atmavastu ko artha va tattva se jAnakara Atmavastu meM sthita hotA hai; vaha AtmA uttama sukha (atIndriya Ananda) ko prApta karatA hai ( gA. 415 ) / samayasAra meM AtmAnubhava evaM AtmalInatA ko nirUpita karane hetu nava tattvoM meM chipI Atmajyoti ko prakAzita kiyA hai| zuddhAtmA ke anubhava aura samyagdarzana hetu navatattvoM ko bhUtArtha naya se jAnanA - anubhava karanA caahiye| navatattvoM ko isaprakAra darzAyA hai" - 30 -- bhUdattheNAbhigadA jIvAjIvA ya puNNa pAvaM ca / AsavasaMvaraNijjara baMdho mokkho ya sammattaM / / 13 / / artha bhUtArtha se jAne hue jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, nirjarA, baMdha aura mokSa ye navatattva hI mokSa haiN| saMvara, - - mUlataH tattva sAta haiM - jIva, ajIva, Asrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokss| puNya aura pApa jo Asrava ke bheda haiM, inheM sammilita kara dene para nava padArtha ho jAte haiN| ina nava padArthoM ko jIva aura ajIva ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMvara Adi paryAyeM haiN| jIva- ajIva tattva jisameM cetanA jAnane-dekhane kI zakti pAyI jAye use jIva kahate haiN| paramArthataH cetanA advaita hai lekina usake sAmAnya- vizeSa ye do rUpa haiN| sAmAnya darzanarUpa hai aura vizeSa jJAnarUpa hai| vAstava meM AtmA sadaiva zuddha caitanya rUpa hai| samayasAra meM mokSamArga meM sthita AtmA kA svarUpa isaprakAra darzAyA " hai - - ahamekko khalu suddho daMsaNaNANamaio sayAruvI / Na vi asthi majjha kiMci vi aNNaM paramANumettaM pi // 38 // - artha darzana - jJAna - cAritrapariNata AtmA yaha jAnatA hai ki nizcaya se maiM sadA eka hU~, zuddha hU~, darzana - jJAnamaya hU~, arUpI hU~ aura anya dravya kiMcitmAtra bhI mere nahIM haiM, paramANu mAtra bhI mere nahIM haiN| AtmA svabhAva se jJAna svarUpa

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 hai, jJAna hI usakI pariNati hai| jJAna se bhinna vaha kucha bhI nahIM hai| AtmA paradravya kA karttA - bhoktA nahIM hai| vaha trikAlI eka akhaNDa, dhruva, jJAyaka, niSkriya cinmAtra hai| niSkriya kA tAtparya hai ki AtmA baMdha- mokSa se pare hai| zuddha pariNAmika (jJAyaka) bhAva dhyAna kA dhyeya hai| krodhAdika vikArI bhAva AtmA kA svabhAva nahIM kintu vikArI bhAva hai| zarIra aura krodhAdi kI AtmA se bhinnatA kA jJAna bheda - vijJAna se hotA hai| karmabaddha AtmA saMsArI aura karma - mukta AtmA paramAtmA kahalAtI hai| bheda-vijJAna se AtmAnubhava hotA hai| isakI prakriyA gUr3ha hai| sabhI AtmAoM kA astitva svataMtra hote hue bhI guNoM kI apekSA saba samAna haiN| caitanya se rahita pudgalAdi pA~ca dravya ajIva haiN| jIva ke rAga-dveSa - moha rUpa vikArI pariNAmoM ke nimitta se pudgala karma paramANu AtmA se sambaddha ho jAte haiM, unheM karma kahate haiN| jainadarzana meM viziSTa pudgala paramANuoM ko karma kahate haiN| ina karmoM ke udaya se jIva kI aneka dazAe~ duHkha-sukha, gati jAti, mAnaapamAna, liMga Adi milate haiN| zuddhopayoga rUpa dhyAna kI agni se karma-kalaMka bhasma hote haiN| Asrava-baMdha, puNya-pApa parispaMda (kriyA) ko yoga kahate hotA hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai haiN| kaSAya- yukta AtmA ke mana-vacana-kAya ke yoga se karma pudgala paramANuoM kA Asrava zubha yoga aura azubha yoga / zubhapariNAmapUrvaka honevAlA zubha yoga hai, usase puNyAsrava hotA hai aura azubha pariNAmapUrvaka honevAlA azubha yoga hai, usase pApAsrava hotA hai| puNya aura pApa donoM baMdhana haiN| zuddhabhAva abaMdha hotA hai| zuddhabhAva kI bhAvanA se akhaNDa AtmAnubhava hotA hai| mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga se karmabaMdha hotA hai| Asravita karma pudgala paramANuoM kA AtmA ke viziSTa saMyoga ko bandha kahate haiN| bandha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai prakRtibaMdha, pradezabaMdha, sthitibaMdha aura anubhaagbNdh| saMkSepa meM rAgAdika pariNAma Asrava hai aura una rAgAdika pariNAmoM kA phala bandha hai| ye donoM tyAjya aura heya haiN| duHkha aura AkulatA ke kAraNa haiN| 31 - - - saMvara- nirjarA - mokSa karmoM ke Asrava ko rokanA saMvara hai| Agama kI dRSTi se gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA aura cAritra se saMvara aura nirjarA hotI hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 adhyAtma kI dRSTi se karmAdi dravyakarma, krodhAdi bhAva karma evaM zarIrAdika no karmoM se bhinna eka, akhaNDa, trikAlI dhruva, nirvikalpa, vItarAga, jJAyakasvarUpa zuddha AtmA (paramAtmA) kA anubhava karatA hai| ise AtmAnubhUti yA jJAnAnubhUti kahate haiN| AtmAnubhava se Atma-zraddhAna aura AtmajJAna hotA hai| AtmAnubhava ke kAla meM sarvaparigraha aura zubhAzubha icchAe~ ruka jAtI haiN| mAtra jJAtA-dRSTA bhAva anubhava meM AtA hai| yaha rahasyarUpa sahaja kriyA hotI hai| zuddha bhAva kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| zuddhopayoga rUpa AtmasthiratAnusAra baMdhe karmoM kA jhar3anA nirjarA hai| jaba icchA-nirodha rUpa tapa aura zuddhopayoga rUpa AtmadhyAna se sarva karmoM kI nirjarA ho jAtI hai taba AtmA apane kAraNa svabhAva ke Azraya se kArya paramAtmArUpa sarvajJa, vItarAgI, sarvadRSTA, niraMjana, paramAtmA ho jAtA hai| AtmA : dvaita se advaita ___ AcArya kundakunda ne para se pRthak ekatva AtmA kA paricaya karAyA aura kahA ki anAdikAla se bhoga-baMdha kI kathA sunI aura anubhUta kI kintu para se pRthak (bhinna) aura apane se abhinna AtmA kI kathA kabhI nahIM sunI aura na usakA anubhava kiyaa| AcArya kundakunda ne ekatva-vibhakta AtmA kA paricaya : ukta sAta tattva/nava padArthoM ke mAdhyama se kraayaa| saMsArI avasthA meM jIva, ajIva, Asrava, puNya-pApa aura baMdha tattva vikArI AtmA ke dvaita pakSa ko darzAte haiN| saMvara aura nirjarA Atma-jAgarUka zuddha AtmA ke anubhava evaM sthiratA sUcaka advaita-dvaita kI sthiti darzAtA hai| tathA mokSa tattva advaita-paramAtmA ko rekhAMkita karatA hai| isa dRSTi se jaina darzana meM dvaita-advaita kI rahasyAtmakatA samajhanA, anubhUta karanA tattvoM/ padArthoM ko bhAvabodhapUrvaka grahaNa karanA anivArya hai| vedAnta meM brahma sarvavyApI, eka aura advaita mAnA hai| vidyA ke prabhAva se jIvAtmAe~ usI brahma meM lIna ho jAtI haiM aura dvaita samApta ho jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM karmamukta anaMta AtmAe~ brahma-paramAtmasvarUpa haiM, jabaki vedAnta meM brahma eka hai| isaprakAra vivakSA-bheda hote hue bhI vedAnta aura jaina darzana meM advaitavAda kI kucha samAnatA hai| yaha samAnatA kAraNa-paramAtmA aura kArya-paramAtmA kA bheda samApta hone kI avasthA meM antaranihita hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 __ jaina sAdhanA kA kendrabindu deha-devAlaya meM pratiSThita parama sattA svarUpa zuddhAtmA hai| zuddhAtmA kA svasaMvedana zuddhAtmAbhiruci saMsAra-zarIra-bhogoM ke prati udAsInatA, nyAya-naitika-sadAcArI jIvana aura tattvArtha zraddhAna ke Aloka meM hotA hai| isameM guru-dezanA (upadeza) kI pradhAnatA hai| pazcAt Atmaruci ke prAbalya se nirmala evaM sthira mana meM vizuddha pariNAmoM ke vilaya aura zuddha pariNAmoM ke AvirbhAva ke samaya akhaNDAtmAnubhUti hotI hai| usa kAla zubhAzubha kA vilaya hokara mAtra jJAyaka sAkSI bhAva rahatA hai| isa prakriyA ko pA~ca labdhiyoM evaM adhyAtma zailI meM darzAyA gayA hai| yaha bhAvapUrNa kriyA hai| isI kAraNa AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki - 'bhAvarahita sAdhu yadyapi koTi-koTi janma taka hAthoM ko nIce laTakA kara tathA vastra kA parityAga kara tapazcaraNa karatA hai to bhI siddhi ko prApta nahIM hotaa|"20 samyaktva se hI nirgrantha rUpa prApta hotA hai, mAtra bAhya nagna mudrA dhAraNa karane se kyA sAdhya hai? jinendra bhagavAna ne bhAvarahita navatattva ko akAryakArI kahA hai|21 jinazAsana meM koI vastrasahita mukti ko prApta nahIM hotA bhale hI vaha tIrthaMkara kyoM na ho|22 bahuta zAstra par3ha lene se koI AtmajJAnI nahIM hotA; zAstra anya haiM aura jJAna anya hai| isIprakAra vanavAsa meM kAyaklezAdi se sAdhu-santa nahIM ho jAtA, kintu zuddha bhAva hone para hotA hai| saMyama, niyama, tapa tathA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna se parama samAdhi hotI hai| isa sAmagrI sahita akhaNDa advaita parama caitanyamaya AtmA ko jo nitya dhyAtA hai, use vAstava meM parama samAdhi hai|24 kundakunda ke sAtha paramAtmaprakAza aura pAhur3adohA meM samAdhi/paramasamAdhi rUpa rahasyAnubhUti ke rUpa meM varNana milatA hai jo jainadarzana kA gantavya hai| pAhuDadohA meM AdhyAtmika rahasyAtmaka abhivyaMjanA pAhur3adohA kA varNya viSaya hai - AtmA aura aatmaanubhv| isake lie do bAteM mahattvapUrNa haiM - prathama apane AtmasvabhAva kA jJAna aura nirNaya kara jJAnasvabhAva kA Azraya lenA aura dUsarA zuddhAtmAnubhUtipUrvaka sva-pariNati ko paramAtma tattva meM vilIna krnaa| isa sambandha meM muni zrI rAmasiMha kA nimna kathana ullekhanIya hai - jima loNu vilijjai pANiyahaM tima jai cittu vilijj| samarasi havai jIvaDA kAiM samAhi krijj||177||

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34 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 . artha - jaise namaka pAnI meM vilIna ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra yadi citta AtmA meM vilIna ho jAye to jIva samarasa ho gyaa| samarasatA hI samAdhi hai| samAdhi meM aura kyA kiyA jAtA hai? munizrI ne AtmA-paramAtmA kI advaita rahasyAnubhUti nimna gAthA meM vyakta kI, jo adbhuta hai - maNu miliyau paramesarahaM paramesaru vi mnnss| viNNi vi samarasi hui rahiya pujja caDhAuM kss||50|| artha - mana paramAtmA se mila gayA aura paramAtmA bhI nijAnubhUti pariNati ke sAtha mila gayA, ekameva ho gyaa| donoM hI samarasa-ekarasa ho gye| isaliye maiM pUjA kisakI karU~! samarasI bhAva vyakta karate hue muni rAmasiMha ne apanI AtmA ko preyasI aura paramAtmA ko priya ke rUpa meM darzAyA jo rahasyavAdI bhAvanA prakaTa karatA hai - hauM saguNI piu NigguNau NillakkhaNu nniisNgu| ekkahiM aMgi vasaMtayahaM miliu Na aMgahiM aNgu||101|| artha - maiM (preyasI) rAgAdi guNa sahita saguNa hU~ aura priya (paramAtmA) nirguNa (niraMjana) nirAkAra niHsaMga hai| phira eka hI aMga (pradeza) meM donoM sAtha rahane para bhI paraspara milana nahIM hotA, yaha mahAna Azcarya hai| rahasyaparaka bhAvanA dekhiye - kisakI samAdhi karU~? kise pUjUM? kise spRzyaaspRzya kahakara choDUM? aura kisakA sammAna karU~? kyoMki jahA~ dekhatI hU~ vahA~ apanI hI zuddhAtmA (paramAtmA) dikhAI detA hai (gAthA 140) / Age-pIche, dazoM dizAoM meM, jahA~ dekhatA hU~ vahIM vaha bhagavAna AtmA hai| merI bhrAMti miTa gyii| kisI se kyA pUchanA (gAthA 176) ! Age kahate haiM - jisane do ko miTAkara eka kara diyA aura mana kI bela ko Age nahIM bar3hane diyA, usa guru kI maiM ziSyA hU~, anya kI lAlasA nahIM karatI (gA. 175) / rahasya aura adhyAtma ke saMketa gAthA 100 meM haiN| isameM kahA gayA

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ki mere mana meM aisA priyatama (paramAtmA) sthita hai jo saMsAra ke viSaya-bhogoM se rahita, strI kI pahu~ca ke bAhara aura akulIna hai| usake lie dhyAnarUpI mAhura lAyA gayA hai aura indriyoM ke aMgoM ko zrRMgAra se sajAyA hai| tAtparya yaha ki vItarAga nirvikalpa zuddhAtmA ko rAga-raMgoM aura indriya ke bhogoM se AkRSTa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| he mUrkha? viSaya-kaSAya ko chor3akara AtmA meM mana lagA aura cAroM gatiyoM kA nAza kara atula paramapada prApta kara (gAthA 199) / ____ puNya-pApa kA gUDhArtha darzAnevAlI gAthA draSTavya hai - uvvasa vasiyA jo karai vasiyA karai ju sunnnnu| bali kijjau tasu joiyahi jAsu Na pAu Na punnnnu||193|| . artha - he jogI! jo ujAr3a ko basAtA hai aura base ko ujAr3atA hai, usakI balihArI hai; kyoMki usake na pApa hai aura na puNya! bhAva yaha hai ki nirvikalpa dhyAna meM lIna sAdhu-santa azuddhabhAva (puNya-pApa) kI bastI ujAr3akara zuddhAtmAnubhUtirUpa zuddhopayoga pariNAmoM kI bastI basAte haiM, ve dhanya haiN| kabIra bhI isI taraha kA bhAva vyakta karate haiM jaba ve kahate haiM - . 'dhuna re dhuniyA dhuna dhuna, terI dhuna meM pApa na pun'| priya-paramAtmA ke bichoha kA kAraNa - bhrAMti/mAyA/mithyAtva muni rAmasiMha ne priya-paramAtmA kA priyA AtmA yA guru-ziSya ke vichoha kA kAraNa mAyA, bhrama yA bhrAMti mAnA hai| unhIM ke zabdoM meM - appA daMsaNaNANamau sayalu vi aNNu pyaalu| ima jANeviNu joiyau chaMDahu maayaa-jaalu||70|| artha - AtmA darzana-jJAnamaya hai| anya sabhI bhAva payAla kI taraha sUkhI ghAsa yA bhUsa hai| isaprakAra jAnakara AtmAvalokana karo aura mAyA-jAla ko chodd'o| tAtparya yaha ki rAga-dveSa-moha vibhAva bhAva haiN| jJAna svabhAva kA Azraya lo tabhI anubhUti hogii| Age mithyAdRSTi kI pahacAna batAte haiM -

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36 appA mellivi jagatilau je paradavvi rmNti| aNu ki micchAdiTThiyaha matthaI siMgaI hoMti / / 71 / / artha jo jaga meM zreSTha (nija) Atmadravya ko chor3akara paradravya meM ramaNa karate haiM, ve mithyAdRSTi haiN| anya kyA mithyAdRSTiyoM ke mAthe para sIMga hote haiM? viSaya-bhogoM kI abhilASA meM lipta honA mithyAdRSTi / ajJAnI kI pahacAna hai| -- apabhraMza bhAratI 21 vastu kA svarUpa jaisA hai vaisA nahIM samajhanA, yahI bhrAMti hai| isa sambandha meM munizrI kahate haiM mana kI bhrAMti nahIM miTane para vahI dina ginanA par3ate haiN| jinameM mana vilaya ko prApta nahIM hotA aura isIliye akSaya, nirAmaya, paramagati Aja bhI upalabdha nahIM huI ( gAthA 170 ) | Age kahate haiM paramagati meM mana pheMka kara chor3a de, AvAgamana kI bela TUTa jAyegI, isameM bhrAMti mata kara (gA. 172 ) / tAtparya yaha ki zubhAzubha bhAva chor3akara nirvikalpa AtmAnubhUti kara / - - tattvajJAna ke abhAva meM jIva bhAvakarmoM ko apanA mAnatA hai aura vastusvarUpa ke viparIta zraddhAna karatA hai| donoM kI bhinnatA kA jJAna bhedavijJAna se hotA hai| 26 he yogI! dravyakarma svayaM apanI yogyatA se milate bichur3ate haiM, isameM koI bhrAMti nahIM hai (74) / AtmajJAna ke lie tattva kA nirNaya kara use dhAraNa karanA caahiye| jaisA svAdhyAya karate haiM, vaisA karanA cAhiye / vyartha bhaTakane se kyA lAbha? zraddhAna, jJAna aura cAritra se karma sahaja naSTa ho jAte haiM ( 84 ) / yahA~ munizrI ne tattvavicAra aura tattva - nirNaya kI mahattA batAI hai| kapAsa ko adhyAtma sAhitya meM kriyAkANDa kI apekSA AtmAnubhava ko zreSTha kahA hai| samyaktva AtmAnubhUtipUrvaka hotA hai| samyaktva binA jJAna - cAritra ka oTe binA vastra banAne se tulanA kI hai| munizrI kahate haiN| mUlu chaMDi jo DAla caDi kahaM taha joyAbhAsa / - cIru Na vuNNai jAi vaDha viNu uTTiyAM kapAsa / / 110 // - artha he mUrkha ? mUla ko chor3akara jo DAlI para car3hatA hai arthAt samyak zraddhAna ke binA jJAna-dhyAna karanA cAhatA hai, usake yoga kA abhyAsa kahA~ hai ?

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ___37 kyoMki kapAsa ko oTe binA vastra kaise bunA jA sakatA hai? yahA~ mithyAtva ko chor3a samyaktva dhAraNa karane kA upadeza diyA hai| AtmA-zuddhAtmA kA svarUpa __ AtmA eka caitanya bhAva hai| vaha puNya-pApa, dharma-adharma, AkAza, kAla aura zarIra rUpa nahIM hai (gAthA 30) / vaha raMga-rUpavAna, dubalA-patalA, kisI varNaliMga, sabala-nirbala, bAlaka-bUr3hA aura koI bheSadhArI nahIM hai| (31-33) / deha kA janma-jarA-maraNa dekhakara bhaya mata kr| AtmA ajara, amara, parama brahma hai, use hI apanA svarUpa mAna (34) / karmodaya se utpanna rAga-dveSa-mohAdi bhAva AtmA ke nahIM hai| he jIva! jJAnamaya AtmA ke bhAvoM se bhinna anya sabhI bhAva parabhAva haiN| parabhAva chor3akara apane zuddhasvabhAva kA dhyAna karo (38) / rAga-raMga se rahita jo jJAnabhAva kI bhAvanA bhAtA hai vahI saMta, niraMjana, ziva hai, usI meM anurAga kara (39) / cetana kA svabhAva jJAna-Anandamaya hai| jJAna dvayarUpa nahIM hotaa| triloka meM eka deva jinadeva haiM unake jJAna meM tIna loka jhalakate haiN| eka nijazuddhAtmA ko jAnane se tIna loka jAna liyA jAtA hai| jJAna-svarUpI AtmA ko deha se bhinna jaan| jisane apanI deha meM virAjita AtmA-bhagavana ko paramArtha se jAna liyA vaha vaMdanIya ho gayA (40-42) / deha devAlaya meM sarva zaktivAna deva basatA vaha ziva hai; vaha janma-mRtyu rahita, ananta jJAnamaya tribhuvana kA svAmI hai, vahI nirdhAMta zivadeva hai| usakI zIghra khoja kara (54-55) / ziva zaktisahita hai, aisA jJAna hone para moha. vilIna ho jAtA hai| jJAna-bhAva, jJAna kA jJAnamaya dekhanA hI zuddhAtmA kI svasaMvedya jJAnAnubhUti yA AtmAnubhUti hai; usase citta kA ajJAnamaya saMkalpavikalpa dagdha hotA hai| paramAnanda svabhAvI nitya, nirAmaya jJAnamaya AtmA ko jAnane para anya koI bhAva nahIM rhtaa| jisane eka jinadeva ko jAna liyA usane ananta devoM ko jAna liyaa| usakA moha (mithyAtva) calA gayA (56-59) / jinake hRdaya meM jinadeva nivAsa karate haiM use pApa nahIM lgtaa| deha se bhinna jJAnasvarUpI AtmA hai vahI tuma ho| usakA avalokana kro| adhika vikalpa aura kathana karane se kyA lAbha hai? (gAthA 108/146) / binA nAda ke jo akSara utpanna hotA hai, vaha jJAna svarUpa AtmA hI hai| ataH koI

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ajJAna bhAva nahIM karanA cAhiye (145) / darzana jJAnamaya niraMjana paramadeva AtmA se abhinna hai| AtmA ke svabhAva meM saccA mokSamArga hai (80) / zuddhAtmA anubhavagamya hai, isakA nirUpaNa nimna dohe meM huA hai - ekku suveyai aNNu Na veyai, tAsu cariu Nau jANahi devii| jo aNu havai so ji pariyANai, pucchaMtahaM samitti ko aanni||166|| artha - eka paramatattva ko anubhava karane, jAnane para anya kucha jAnanA zeSa nahIM rhtaa| aise tattvajJAnI kA caritra deva bhI nahIM jaante| vAstava meM to jo anubhava karatA hai vahI jAnatA hai, aisI svAnubhava kI mahimA hai| svAnubhava gUMge ke gur3a jaisA hai jo kisI prakAra likhA, pUchA tathA kahA nahIM jaataa| yadi guru upadeza dete haiM, tabhI citta meM ThaharatA hai (167) / . priyatama paramAtmA ke darzana ke lie AtmAnubhavarUpI jJAnadarpaNa kA avalokana kiyA jAtA hai| jinadarzana kA prayojana nija-darzana hai| isI bhAvAtmaka rahasyavAda ko darzAte hue munizrI rAmasiMha kahate haiM ki - 'he sakhi! usa darpaNa kA kyA kareM, jisameM apanA pratibimba na dikhAI par3atA ho| dhandhA karanevAlA yaha jagata mujhe pratibhAsita hotA hai| kintu ghara meM rahate hue bhI gRhasvAmI kA darzana nahIM hotA (gAthA 123) / yahA~ sumati sakhI hai aura jJAna-pariNati rUpI sahelI ke bIca rahasyAtmaka prazna kiyA hai| dhyeya aura jJeya kI ekatA se svasaMvedana hotA hai| Atma-sAdhanA ke sopAna-prakriyA zuddhAtmA ke anubhava ke lie he yogI! vairAgI, indriyoM evaM rasoM meM anAsakta mahAnubhAvoM ko apanA mitra banA (133) / vikalpoM ko visarjita kara apane svabhAva meM mana dhAraNa karo (134) / viSaya-kaSAyoM kA tyAga kara jinavara meM mana lgaa| tabhI siddhapurI meM praveza milegA (135) / he jinavara! jabataka deha-sthita (apane) Apako (AtmA ko) nahIM jAnatA tabataka Apako namaskAra ho| phira kisake dvArA kise namaskAra ho (142)! saMvara-nirjarA karatA huA jIva paramaniraMjana deva ko namaskAra karatA hai| (78) /

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 39 mana ekAgra hokara thama jAtA hai tabhI vaha upadeza samajhatA hai| mana nizcinta tabhI hotA hai jaba acitta se citta alaga kara letA hai (47) / mana ko sahaja rUpa se svataMtra-unmukta hone do, jahA~ jAye jAne do| jaba mukti nagarI kI ora jA rahe ho, taba harSa-viSAda kaisA? (49) / yaha haThayoga ke viruddha sahaja yoga kA pratipAdana hai| viSaya-kaSAyoM meM jAte hue mana ko zuddha upayoga meM sthira karane se mokSa hogaa| he mUr3ha! anya kisI taMtra-maMtra Adi se mokSa nahIM milegA (63) / he jIva! khAte-pIte mokSa milatA to bhagavAna RSabhadeva indriya-sukha kyoM tyAgate? (64) / atIndriya Ananda nirvikalpa svabhAva meM hai, indriya sukha meM nhiiN| zubha pariNAmoM se dharma (puNya) hotA hai aura azubha pariNAmoM se adharma hotA hai; kintu donoM ko chor3a dene para punarjanma nahIM hotaa| ataH zuddhopayoga upAdeya hai (73) / jabataka zubhAzubha ke vikalpa haiM tabataka antaraMga meM Atma-svarUpa kI siddhi sphurAyamAna nahIM hotI (143) / AtmA meM pApa ke pariNAma aura karmabaMdha tabhI taka hote haiM jabataka upayoga meM zuddhatA prakaTa kara paramaniraMjana kA jJAna nahIM hotA (79) / sAr3he tIna hAtha ke devAlaya meM eka bAla (parigraha) kA (bhI) praveza nahIM hai, usI meM santa niraMjana basatA hai| tuma nirmalacitta se usakI khoja kro| tAtparya yaha ki sarva parigraha evaM mamatva tyAga kara zuddhAtmA kA anubhava karo (95) / jaba AtmA apane Apa meM sthira ho jAtI hai taba usameM rAga-dveSa rUpa mala nahIM lagate (91) yadi tuma cAho to manarUpI U~Ta Aja hI jItA jA sakatA hai (112) / AtmadhyAna kA mahattva kevala Atmadarzana hI vAstavika paramArtha hai| anya sabhI vyavahAra hai| yogIjana isa eka padArtha ko hI dhyAte haiN| AtmA ko chor3akara jo anya kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha mUrkha hai| usako kevalajJAna kaise ho sakatA hai? (69-68) / uttama AtmA ko chor3akara anya kisI kA dhyAna mata kr| jisane marakatamaNi pahacAna lI hai use kAMca se kyA prayojana (72) / saMsAra se udAsa hokara jisakA mana

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 apane meM sthita ho gayA hai, vaha jaisA bhAva karatA hai, vaisI hI pravRtti karatA hai| vaha nirbhaya hai, usake saMsAra bhI nahIM ( 105 ) / jinake sarva vikalpa chUTa gaye haiM aura jo caitanya bhAva meM sthita hai, ve hI nirmala dhyAna meM sthita kahe gaye haiM ( 14 ) / he jogI ? tuma deha se bhinna nija zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna karo, usase nirvANa kI prApti hogI ( 130 ) / citta ko nizcala kara AtmA kA dhyAna karane se aSTa karma naSTa hokara siddha hote haiM (173) / 40 AtmAnubhUti meM bAdhaka - viSaya kaSAya paMca indriyoM ke viSayoM ko saMyamita kreN| jihvA aura para strI gamana ko rokanA hI cAhiye ( 44 ) / tumane na to pA~coM bailoM (indriyoM) kI rakhavAlI kI aura na nandanavana (AtmA) meM praveza kiyaa| kyA aise hI saMnyAsI bana gaye ? ( 45 ) / he sakhi? priyatama (cetana) bAhara ke pA~ca (indriyoM) ke sneha meM lage hue haiM, unakA AnA sambhava nahIM lagatA ( 46 ) / arthAt paMca - indriyoM ke bhoga meM AtmAnubhUti sambhava nahIM hotii| he mUr3ha ! yaha deharUpI mahilA taba taka saMtApita karatI hai, jaba taka mana niraMjana AtmA ke sAtha samarasa nahIM hotA ( 65 ) / lobha se mohita aura viSaya - sukha mAnanevAle ko guru prasAda se avicala bodha nahIM milatA ( 82 ) | are manarUpI U~Ta, tU indriyoM ke viSayoM ke sukha se rAgabhAva mata kara ( 93 ) / viSayoM kI pravRtti hone ke kAraNa jIva ko narakoM ke duHkha sahana karane par3ate haiM ( 119 ) / viSaya kiMpAkaha ke phala jaise sundara kintu maraNa karAnevAle haiN| viSaya sevana duHkhadAyaka aura karma bandha ke janaka haiM (120-121-122 ) / gAthA 195 se 203 taka indriyoM ke bhogoM ke dUSita pariNAma darzA kara mana ko jJAnamaya AtmA ke sAtha jor3ane tathA nizi-dina AtmA-paramAtmA kA dhyAna karane kA upadeza diyA hai| jIvana mukta / dhurandhara vAstava meM jinadeva nijadeva hai| he jogI ? jisake hRdaya meM eka paramadeva nivAsa karatA hai vaha janma-maraNa - rahita paramagati prApta karatA hai (77) / jahA~ para mala se rahita anAdi kevalajJAnI bhagavAna sthita haiM, vahIM unake hRdaya meM tIna loka pratibimbita hote haiM (90) / jisane azarIrI siddhAtmA kA lakSya banAyA,

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 vahI nizcita dhanurdhara hai| zuddhAtmA ko dRSTi meM lekara usakA anubhava kr| jisake jIvita rahate hue pA~coM indriyoM ke sAtha mana mara gayA, use mukta jAnanA cAhiye; kyoMki vaha jIvana-mukta ho gayA hai (24) / siddhatva citta ke nirmala hone ke bAda prApta hotA hai (89) / bhAvarahita veza, tIrthATana evaM zuSka-jJAna kI niHsAratA AcArya kundakunda ne AtmajJAna-zUnya kriyAkANDa aura bAhya tapAcAra kI nissAratA darzAte hue pratipAdita kiyA ki unase paramasukha nahIM miltaa| unhoMne AtmAnubhava ko mukhya karake bAharI karmakANDa kA niSedha kiyaa| rahasyavAda ke AdhyAtmika kavi muni rAmasiMha ne bhI nija-niraMjana paramAtmA ko mukhya kara bAhya jJAna aura tIrthATana kI apekSA citta kI nirmalatA aura AtmajJAna kI mahattA pratipAdita kI, jo isaprakAra hai - he mUMDa mur3AnevAloM meM zreSTha mu~DI! tumane sira muMDA liyA kintu citta nahIM mu~DAyA hai| jisane mana kA muNDana kiyA usake saMsAra kA khaNDana hotA hai (136) / jinhoMne mUMDa mu~DAkara saMyama kI zikSA dhAraNakara dharma kI AzA bar3hAI hai unhoMne kevala kuTumba chor3A hai; parAI AzA nahIM chor3I (154) / jo nagnatva para garva karate haiM aura vyAkulatA ko nahIM samajhate ve aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga parigraha meM se eka kA bhI tyAga nahIM karate (155) / adhyAtma meM parabhAva ko jAnanA aura phira parabhAva kA grahaNa nahIM karanA hI tyAga mAnA hai| manarUpI hAthI ko vindhyAcala (abhimAna zikhara) kI ora jAne se roko (156) / jisakA citta bhItara meM mailA hai, usakA bAhara meM tapa nirarthaka hai (62) / jaba taka guru-prasAda se dehasthita deva ko nahIM pahicAnate tabhI taka kutIrthoM meM bhramaNa karate haiM (81) / rAga-bhAvasahita eka tIrtha se dUsare tIrtha meM bhramaNa karane se kyA phala milA? bAhara to pAnI se zuddha kara liyA, lekina bhItara meM zuddha bhAva ke abhAva meM kyA lAbha huA (163) / he mUrkha! tumane tIrthATana kiyA, zarIra ke camar3e ko dhoyA, kintu jo mana pAparUpI mala se mailA hai, use kisa prakAra dhoyegA (164)! tIrthATana se zarIra ko santApa hotA hai, AtmA meM AtmA

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 kA dhyAna karane se nirvANa pada milatA hai (179) / deha-devAlaya meM ziva kA nivAsa hai| tuma tIrtha aura mandiroM meM use khoja rahe ho, phira bhI nahIM pA ske| (180,187) / jisase vizeSa bodha (AtmajJAna) utpanna na ho, tInaloka ko jAnane kI zakti na mile usa bahirmukhI jJAna se jIva ajJAnI-bahirAtmA rahatA hai| vaha azubha pariNAma vAlA hai (83) / vyAkhyAna karanevAle vidvAna ne yadi AtmA meM citta nahIM lagAyA to usakA jJAna anAjarahita ghAsa (bhUsA) saMgraha karane jaisA hogaa| he zreSTha paMDita! tumane kaNa ko chor3a bhUse ko kUTA hai| tuma grantha aura usake artha meM saMtuSTa ho, kintu paramArtha (zuddhAtmAnubhava) ke nahIM jAnane se mUr3ha ho (86) / zabdoM ko par3hakara garva karanevAle mUla bhAva nahIM samajhate haiM, ve vaMzavihIna Doma ke samAna sira dhunate haiM (87) / he mUrkha? bahuta par3hA, jisase raTate-raTate tAlU sUkha gyaa| lekina usa eka akSara (AtmA) ko par3ha le jisase zivapura meM gamana ho ske| (98) he mUrkha? bahuta akSara (par3hane) se kyA lAbha, kyoMki ve kucha samaya meM kSaya ko prApta ho jaaveNge| jisase muni anakSara (kSayarahita) ho jAe, usa akSayatA ko mokSa kahate haiM (125) / azuddha mana se zAstra par3hane se mokSa nahIM hotaa| vadha karanevAle zikArI ko bhI hariNa ke sAmane jhukanA par3atA hai| vinaya (zuddhabhAva) bhAvapUrvaka hI mokSa kA mArga prazasta hotA hai (147) / AcArya kundakunda ne bhI zAstra-jJAna ko jJAna nahIM mAnA (sa. sAra 390) / he mUrkha! bahuta par3hane se kyA? AtmajJAna (jJAna-sphuliMga) kI zikSA prApta kara jisake prajvalita hone para kSaNabhara meM puNya-pApa bhasma ho jAte haiM (88) / dhArmika kriyAoM meM ahiMsA kI sthApanA hetu munizrI rAmasiMha ne vanaspatiekendriya jIvoM kI rakSA kA prabhAvI pratipAdana kiyaa| unhoMne kahA ki - moha ke AdhIna hokara tuma sahasA pattiyoM ko tar3Atar3a tor3a rahe ho, mAno U~Ta ne hI praveza kiyA ho| tuma nahIM jAnate ki kauna tor3atA hai aura kauna TUTatA hai (159) / pattI, pAnI, dAbha, tila Adi ko apane samAna prANavAna smjho| jo yadi mukti ko prApta karanA cAhate ho to ekendriya-hiMsA ko chor3a (160) / he jogI? bhagavAna kI pUjA ke lie patte mata tor3o aura phaloM ko bhI hAtha mata lgaao| jisa

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 43 (ko car3hAne ke) kAraNa tuma unako tor3ate ho vaha ziva to zarIra meM hI virAjamAna hai ataH yahIM car3hA de (161) / isaprakAra munizrI ne pattI, phala, phUla, tila Adi sacitta dravya se pUjA kA niSedha kiyaa| kadAcit paMcAmRta abhiSeka kI kriyA unake anubhava meM AtI to ve usakA bhI niSedha krte| ahiMsA kI sAdhanA bahuta sUkSma aura gUr3ha hai, sAdhaka ko usakA rahasya samajhanA Avazyaka hai| pratyakSa hiMsaka sAdhanoM se ahiMsA kI upAsanA karanA virodhI-pratigAmI kRtya hai| munizrI rAmasiMha ne dohApAhuDa meM kucha mahattvapUrNa zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai jo mananIya hai, yathA - svabhAva - agni ke saMskAra se zaMkha kI saphedI naSTa nahIM hotI, yaha niHzaMka smjho| anya kisI se milakara koI apanA guNa nahIM chodd'taa| svabhAva sadA ekarUpa rahatA hai (150) / dravyaliMga - jisa prakAra sA~pa keMculI chor3a detA hai, lekina viSa nahIM chor3atA hai; usIprakAra ajJAnI jIva dravyaliMga dhAraNa kara bhItara meM viSaya-bhogoM kI bhAvanA nahIM chor3atA (16) / __ mUlaguNa - jo sAdhu mUlaguNoM ko khaNDita kara uttara guNoM se alaga ho jAtA hai vaha DAla se cUke hue bandara ke samAna bahuta nIce gira kara ghAyala/bhagna ho jAtA hai (21) / ' yati - he Atman! eka apanI AtmA ko chor3akara anya koI vairI nahIM hai| jisa bhAva (rAga-dveSa-moha) ke dvArA karma nirmita hue haiM, usa para-bhAva ko jo pheMTa detA hai, miTA detA hai, (vAstava meM) vahI yati hai (118) / nirvANa - mana kA vyApAra nAza hone tathA rAga-dveSa ke abhAva hone para AtmA ke paramapada meM sthita hote hI atIndriya jJAna-paramAnandamaya jo (avicala) avasthA hai, vahI nirvANa hai (205) / yoga - vyavahAra meM zvAsa ko jIta liyA, netra nizcala ho gaye, sabhI vyApAra chUTa jAne para (nirvikalpa Atma-jJAna kI) jo avasthA hotI hai vaha yoga

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 hai - isameM koI sandeha nahIM (204) / yoga vahI hai jisameM yogI nirmala Atmajyoti kA darzana krle| jo indriyoM ke vaza meM haiM, ve zrAvaka loga haiM (97) / zUnya - saba dravyoM kA abhAva zUnya nahIM hai, (zUnyavAda meM) yaha kahA jAtA hai ki vaha sAmAnya aura vizeSa bhAvoM se rahita hai; kintu jo pApa-puNya se rahita nirvikalpa svabhAvI AtmA hai, vaha zUnya hai (213) / saMsAra - jIva kA vadha karane se narakagati milatI hai aura abhayadAna karane se svarga milatA hai| ye donoM hI saMsAra ke lie haiN| isaliye jo rucikara ho usa mArga meM lago (106) / azubha-zubha bhAva saMsAra kA kAraNa hai| zuddhabhAva nibaMdha hai| hiMsA aura hiMsA meM Ananda mAnanevAlA hiMsAnandI raudradhyAnI hotA hai| puNya - he sakhi? paramArtha cAhanevAle ko puNya-visarjana se kyA lAbha? lAbha to zuddhAtmA ko prApta karane meM hai (137) / paramArthI ke lie puNya-pApa barAbara hai| puNya se vaibhava, vaibhava se abhimAna tathA mAna se buddhi-bhrama hotA hai| buddhivibhrama se pApa aura pApa se naraka gati milatI hai| vaha puNya hameM na mile (139) / do mArga - saMsAra mArga aura mokSamArga saMsAra meM do mArga prasiddha haiM - laukika aura paarmaarthik| laukika rAga . mArga hai, jo saMsAra hai| pAramArthika adhyAtma pradhAna vItarAga mArga hai, jo mokSamArga hai| mokSamArga nija Atma svabhAva ke Azraya (AtmAnubhUti) se prAraMbha hotA hai, jo pAhuDadohA kA kendrabindu hai| muni rAmasiMha kahate haiM - do rAstoM para ekasAtha jAnA nahIM hotaa| do-mukhI suI se silAI nahIM hotii| he ajJAnI? indriyoM kA sukha aura mokSa donoM ekasAtha nahIM ho skte| donoM meM se koI eka hogA (214) / binA lakSya ke isa jIva ne bIca ke mArga ko apanAyA, kintu phala kucha nahIM milA (189) / dvaidha pariNati mAyAcAra kA sUcaka hai| ataH niHzaMka ho, sadguru ke satsaMga se nija zuddhAtma svabhAva ke sAtha rahane kA mArga apnaao| AtmA hI guru hai (115) /

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 mokSamArga - vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa muni rAmasiMha kahate haiM - he jIva? indriyoM ke viSaya aura moha ko chor3akara AtmA-paramAtmA kA nizidina dhyAna karane se yaha kArya hogA (203) / vizeSarUpa se Atma-sAdhanapUrvaka upavAsa karane se saMvara hotA hai| upavAsa (AtmA kI samIpatA) karane se agni pradIpta hotI hai jo deha ko saMtApita karatI hai| indriyoM kA ghara usase jala jAtA hai jo mokSa kA kAraNa hai (208/215) / he jIva? tapapUrvaka jinendra bhagavAna dvArA kathita dazadharmoM kA pAlana kara, jisase karmoM kI nirjarA ho| uttama kSamAdi dazaprakAra kA dharma, jisameM ahiMsA kA sAra hai, usa dharma kI ekAgra mana se bhAvanA bhAo (209/210) / bhava-bhava meM nirdoSa-nirmala samyagdarzana ho, bhava-mana meM samAdhi karU~ aura bhava-bhava meM mAnasika vyAdhiyoM ko dUra karanevAle * RSi mere guru hoM, aisI bhAvanA kara (211) / he jIva? ekAgra mana se anityAdi bAraha bhAvanAoM kI bhAvanA kr| isase mukti kI prApti hotI hai, aisA muni rAmasiMha kahate haiM (212) / he jogI? jisakA tapa kA dAmana (bandhana) hai, vrata kA niyama se sAja hai tathA zama-dama kI jIna (paleMcA) hai vaha manarUpI U~Ta saMyamarUpI ghara meM udAsIna huA nirvANa ko prApta hotA hai (114) / he jogI? jise zuddhAtmAnubhava rUpI hIrA mila jAye use AtmarUpI vastra meM bA~dha kara ekAnta meM avalokana karanA cAhiye (217) / koI jJAnI dayArahita dharma kA pAlana nahIM karatA, pAnI bilone se kyA hAtha cikanA hotA hai (148)? candramA poSaNa karatA hai, sUrya prajvalita karatA hai, pavana hiloreM letA hai, kintu sAta rAjUpramANa andhakAra ko bhI pela kara kAla karmoM ko nigala letA hai (220) / inase apanI rakSA kareM muni rAmasiMha kahate haiM ki duSToM kI saMgati karane se bhale logoM ke bhI guNa naSTa ho jAte haiN| agni ke sAtha lohA bhI ghanoM se piTatA hai (149) / vAda-vivAda karane para jinakI bhrAMti nahIM miTatI aura sva-prazaMsA meM magna hai, ve bhrAnta hue bhramaNa hI karate rahate haiM, unase baceM (218) / muni rAmasiMha kRta apabhraMza kI kRti pAhuDadohA adhyAtma aura rahasyavAda kI svAnubhava-pradhAna adbhuta racanA hai| usake mAdhyama se pAThakoM ko sva-ziva kI anubhUti ho, isa bhAvanA se virAma letA huuN| vIra zAsana jayavanta ho|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 1. DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina, hindI kI jananI - apabhraMza, bra. paM. candAbAI abhinandana grantha, pRSTha 460 2. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, pAhuDadohA kI prastAvanA, pRSTha 27-28 se uddhRta, kAraMjA, 1933 3. DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye, paramAtmaprakAza kI prastAvanA, pRSTha 126 se uddhRta, 1978 4. DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, pAhuDadohA kI prastAvanA, pRSTha 18 se uddhRta ukta 2 ke anusAra pRSTha 17 se uddhRta ukta 3 ke anusAra prastAvanA pRSTha 125 se uddhRta 7. ukta 4 ke anusAra, pRSTha 23 se uddhRta 8. DaoN. premasAgara jaina, jaina bhaktikAvya kI pRSThabhUmi, bhUmikA, pRSTha 48 9. DaoN. rAmamUrti tripAThI, rahasyavAda, pRSTha 48 10. DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI, madhyakAlIna dharma sAdhanA, dvitIya saMskaraNa, pRSTha 52 11. ukta 3 ke anusAra, pRSTha 110 se uddhRta 12. paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa pUrva-pIThikA (dvitIya saMskaraNa) pRSTha 65 13. uktAnusAra, pRSTha 70 14. mArkaNDeya purANa, a. 5; kUrma purANa a. 41; agnipurANa a. 10; vAyupurANa a. 33; garur3a purANa a.1; brahmANDa purANa a. 14; varAhapurANa a. 74; liMgapurANa a. 47; viSNu purANa, a. 2; aura skandha purANa, kumAra khaNDa, a. 37; uktAnusAra 12, pRSTha 65 se uddhRta 15. pro. rAnADe, mahArASTra kA AdhyAtmika gUr3havAda, bhUmikA pRSTha 9, (R.D. Ranade, Mysticism in Maharasthra, Preface).

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 16. haribhadra sUri, SaDdarzana samuccaya, sampAdaka DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya, tRtIya saMskaraNa, 1989, pRSTha 162 17. AcArya kundakunda, samayasAra (jJAyakabhAva prabodhanI), DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla, prathama saMskaraNa - 2006, pRSTha 33 18. uparoktAnusAra, pRSTha 84 (gAthA 38) 19. uparoktAnusAra, pRSTha 4 (gAthA 4) / 20. AcArya kundakunda, aSTapAhuDa-bhAvapAhuDa gAthA-4, paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prathama saMskaraNa 2008, pRSTha 249 21. uparoktAnusAra - bhAvapAhuDa - gAthA 541 evaM 55 pRSTha 379/380 22. uparoktAnusAra - sUtrapAhuDa gAthA 23, pRSTha 129 23. uparoktAnusAra - samayasAra gAthA 390, pRSTha 528 / 24. AcArya kundakunda, niyamasAra, gAthA 124, 123, pRSTha 249/250, 1984 mai. o.pI. milsa, amalAI zahaDola, ma.pra. pina - 484117 DOD

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48 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 nayari maNoramabhuaNapaivaho..... duvaI - bArahajoyaNAi~ dIhatte navajoyaNa suvitthraa| ___ saggu vi vIsaraMti sA pekkhivi mohiymaannsaamraa||1|| nayarimaNoramabhuaNapaivaho tilayabhUya jA jNbuudiivho| maMDAlaMkiyAi~ ujjANa' bAhiri abbhaMtari nivthaanniiN| jahi~ bAhire vADIu satAlau abbhaMtari puNu nccnnsaalu| sarapAliu viDaMganahavaNiyau~ bAhiri abbhaMtari puNu gnniyuN| muNivaramaMDiyakIlAmahihara bAhiri abbhaMtari ceiihr| vAviu supaoharau suramaNiU~ bAhiri abbhaMtari vrrmnniu| sahalasupattaI maMDavathANa' bAhiri abbhaMtari jnndaann| bAhiri vAhiyAli harisaMgaya abbhaMtari vasaMti naayrpy| bAhiri gayaulAi~ rayaNaruya abbhaMtari sahati ddiNbhruy.| ghattA - guNamaMdiru nayaNANaMdiru vajjayaMtu tahi~ rjjdhru| __ raNasUraho parabalu dUraho jasu nAmeNa vi vahai ddru||2|| mahAkavi vIra, jaMbUsAmicariu, 3.2 bAraha yojana laMbI aura nau yojana vistRta usa nagarI ko dekhakara mohita hue manuSya va deva svarga ko bhI bhUla jAte haiN| vaha manorama nagarI bhuvana ke pradIparUpa jaMbUdvIpa kI tilakabhUta hai| usa nagarI ke bAhara aneka vRkSagulmoM va latAmaMDapoM se alaMkRta udyAna haiM va bhItara sarvatra nAnA prAsAdoM (maMDa) se alaMkRta rAjakula haiN| vahA~ bAhara tAlAboMsahita vATikAe~ haiM va bhItara tAlamaMjIra ityAdi vAdyavAdana se yukta nRtyshaalaaeN| bAhara viDaMga vRkSoM se lalita sarapAlI arthAt sarovarapaMktiyA~ haiM va bhItara gaNikAe~ haiN| bAhara munivaroM se zobhAyamAna krIDAparvata haiM aura bhItara caitygRh| ra svaccha jalavAlI atyanta ramaNIya vApiyA~ haiM. va bhItara atiramaNazIla saMdara ramaNiyA~ bAhara (udyAnoM meM) sundara phaloM va patroM se yukta maMDapasthAna haiM tathA bhItara manovAMchita phala denevAlA sapAtra dAna kiyA jAtA hai| bAhara azvoM sahita azva krIDAsthala haiM aura bhItara nAgarika prajA rahatI hai| bAhara gajakala apane dA~toM kI dIpti se va bhItara bAlaka apane ratnAbharaNoM kI kAMti se zobhAyamAna haiN| pattA - vahA~ guNoM kA nivAsa tathA nayanoM ko Ananda denevAlA vajradaMta nAma kA rAjA thA, jisa raNazUra ke nAma se hI zatrubala dUra se hI bhayabhIta ho jAtA thaa| anu. - DaoN. vimalaprakAza jaina

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara, 2014 4o apabhraMza sAhitya kI chanda-saMpadA - vibhutA aura vinyAsa - DaoN. trilokInAtha 'premI' kAvya mAnava-mAnasI kI sukha-duHkhAtmaka tIvratama bhAvAnubhUtiyoM kI zabdamayI abhivyakti hai| zabda eka ora jahA~ artha kI bhAva-bhUmi para pAThaka ko le jAte haiM, vahA~ nAda ke dvArA zrAvya-mUrta vidhAna bhI karate haiN| zabda se hamArA Azaya bhASA se hai; jo nAda kA hI vikasita rUpa hai, dhvanyAtmaka citra hai| isI se AMtarika saMgIta kI garimA bhI usameM nihita hai| astu, kAvya evaM saMgIta paraspara mauna rahakara eka-dUsare kA AliMgana karate haiN| bhAvoM ke saundarya se yadi saMgIta khila uThatA hai, to saMgIta ke samanvaya se bhAva hRdaya kA saMsparza kara jagamagA uThate haiN| phalataH rAga kA vistAra hotA hai aura rAga kavitA kI bhASA kA prANa hai| rAga kA artha AkarSaNa hai| yaha vaha zakti hai jisake vidyutsparza se khiMcakara hama zabda kI AtmA taka pahu~cate haiM, hamArA hRdaya unake hRdaya meM praveza kara eka-bhAva ho jAtA hai| basa, kAvya-bhASA meM isa saujanya-prAdurbhAva ke lie hI chandoM kA sRjana huA hai| jisa prakAra kavitA meM bhAvoM kA antastha hRtspaMdana adhika gaMbhIra, parisphuTa tathA paripakka rahatA hai; usI prakAra chandabaddha bhASA meM bhI rAga kA prabhAva, usakI zakti adhika jAgRta, prabala tathA paripUrNa rahatI hai| manuSya AdikAla se chanda kA Azraya lekara apane jJAna ko sthAyI tathA anya-grAhya banAne kA prayatna

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 karatA A rahA hai| chanda, tAla, tuka evaM svara saMpUrNa manuSya ko eka karate haiN| inake samAna ekatva - vidhAyinI zakti dUsarI nhiiN| manuSya ko manuSya ke prati saMvedanazIla banAne kA sabase pradhAna sAdhana chanda hai| isI ke bala para vaha apanI AzA-AkAMkSAoM ko, anurAga virAga ko eka vyakti se dUsare vyakti taka, eka pIr3hI se dUsarI pIr3hI taka aura eka yuga se dUsare yuga taka preSita karatA AyA hai| vaidyaka, jyotiSa tathA nItiparaka anubhavoM ko bhI chanda ke AdhAra para hI sarvagrAhya banAyA gayA hai| astu, kAvya meM viSayagata manobhAvoM ke saMcAra, saMtulana tathA preSaNa ke lie chanda kI AvazyakatA hai| 50 vastutaH, kAvyAbhivyakti ke sAtha chandoM kA aisA gaThabaMdhana hai ki unheM paraspara pRthak karake na kalA-saundarya kA sRjana kiyA jA sakatA hai aura na sahRdaya ke marma ko chUne kI kSamatA ko prerita kiyA jA sakatA hai| nidAna, vibhinna bhAvoM kI abhivyakti jitanI alaga-alaga chandoM meM grAhya bana par3atI hai, utanI eka hI chanda meM nhiiN| isIlie, hamAre yahA~ chanda - vidhAna ko pRthak zAstra kA rUpa diyA gayA hai, jisake Adi AcArya piMgala prasiddha haiN| 'pAdau tu vedasya' kahakara use veda ke chaha aMgoM meM se eka mAnA gayA hai| 2 kAvya racanA sadaiva chandoM meM hotI AI hai| kAvya kA prAraMbha hamAre yahA~ Adikavi vAlmIki kI 'mAM niSAd vANI ke prakRta sphuraNa se mAnA jAtA hai, jo svayaM meM chandamaya hai aura isI se karuNAnubhUti kI mRdula bhAvanA usameM mUrta ho gaI hai| lokAnubhUti hone se yaha jitanI niSkaluSa hai, utanI hI naisargika bhii| ataH kAvya meM lokAnubhUti ke isa prasphuTana ke sAtha hI sAtha chandoM kA prAdurbhAva bhI nisaMdeha loka hRdaya kI hI sRSTi hai| loka-vANI hI vividha rUpoM meM apane prasAra evaM vistAra ke sAtha ziSTasAhitya ke lie pRSThabhUmi taiyAra karatI hai| paMDita aura AcArya usakI svacchaMda bahatI dhArA ko niyamoM ke kUpa-jala meM samAviSTa kara aneka kAvya rUpoM kA sRjana karate haiN| isa prakAra sAhitya yA kAvya ko vikasita hone kA to avasara milatA hai, kintu usakI gati kiMcit avaruddha ho jAtI hai| vaha kAvyasRSTi loka-mAnasa se dUra vidvat-maMDalI ke bauddhika-manoraMjana kA hI viSaya banakara raha jAtI hai| phira bhI, lokAnubhUti kA marma ina vividha niyamoM kI parisImA ke bAhara apanI svataMtra

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 abhivyakti kA mArga khoja nikAlatA hai| phalataH loka-dharAtala para nUtana bhASA evaM rUpoM kA janma hotA hai| yahI sAhitya kA navIna yuga hotA hai, jo eka ora bhAvAnubhUti ke naye dharAtala ko upasthita karatA hai, to dUsarI ora tadanurUpa usakI abhivyakti ke lie vividha upAdAnoM ko juTAtA hai| nayI bhASA-zailI, naye upamAna, naye chaMda, naI rAganiyA~ aura navya kalpanAe~ isakI vizeSatAe~ hotI haiN| inameM bhI chanda hamArI bhAvAnubhUtiyoM ke anurUpa unheM sahaja sugrAhya banAte haiM, unheM rUpa pradAna karate haiN| pratyeka bhASA kI prakRti aura uccAraNa-paddhati ke anusAra ye chanda kisI na kisI niyama se paricAlita hote haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaidika tathA laukikasaMskRta yuga meM varNika chandoM kI hI pradhAnatA rhii| kintu, prAkRta bhASA ke samaya mAtrika chandoM kA avataraNa huA aura apabhraMza-yuga meM una mAtrika chandoM ne bhI antyAnuprAsa ke suyoga se eka dUsarA hI rUpa dhAraNa kiyaa| 'anuSTupa' vaidikasaMskRta kA pradhAna chanda thA, to 'zloka' laukika-saMskRta kA saMdeza-vAhaka bnaa| isI prakAra 'gAthA' prAkRta ke jhukAva kA vyaMjaka rahA aura 'dohA' apabhraMza kA paricAyakA astu, yuga kI pradhAna prakRti kA saMvAhaka hone se kAvyAbhivyakti meM chanda kA adhika mahattva hai| kAvya aura saMgIta donoM laya para avalaMbita haiN| laya svara kI gati hotI hai tathA kAvya meM chanda laya ke AdhAra para TikA huA nAda-vidhAna hai| vastutaH, chanda evaM laya paraspara eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| saMgIta kI bhA~ti svaroM kI yojanA ke kAraNa unameM laya kA vidhAna svataH hotA hai| laukika tathA mAtrAchandoM meM hI nahIM, vaidika tathA varNa chandoM meM bhI yaha saujanya madhuratA kA kAraNa hai| chanda ke mAdhurya evaM svara-saMyojana ke lie kavi ko apanI saundarya-bodhavRtti kA sacetana upayoga karanA par3atA hai| zabdoM ke svIkRta rUpa meM hI vaha vikAra utpanna nahIM karatA athavA nUtana zabdoM kA nirmANa bhI karatA hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki chandoM kI mUla prakRti tathA svabhAva saMgIta ke samAna hI haiN| saMgIta kA yaha saundarya apane naisargika tathA hRdayasparzI-rUpa meM lokagItoM kI vizeSatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki chandoM kA udgama-srota kisI-na-kisI prakAra loka-vANI meM hI nihita hai| aneka loka-gItoM kI dhuneM tathA loka-nRtyoM kI tAle vividha chandoM kI mUlabhUtA haiN|

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52 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 prAkRta lokabhASA ne apanI prakRti ke anurUpa bhinna mAtrA-chandoM kI paramparA kA sRjana kiyaa| ina mAtrAcchaMdoM meM gaNoM kI saMkhyA niyata nahIM thii| gaNa yA varNa jitane bhI hoM, mAtrAoM kI saMkhyA ThIka baiThanI caahie| yahI chanda-paramparA paravartI apabhraMza-bhASA ke prAdurbhAva ke samaya pnpii| prAkRta ke mAtrika-chanda saMskRta ke varNa-vRttoM kI taraha atukAMta the| inhoMne apanI lokAnubhUti ke dheya kI saMpUrti hetu hI inheM apanAyA aura viziSTa mor3a dekara vaiyaktika rUpa se abhimaMDita kiyaa| isI se vahA~ 'gAthA' se milate-julate 'gAhU', 'vigAthA', 'udgAthA', 'gAhinI' Adi chandoM kA avataraNa huaa| isI 'gAthA' chanda ko DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa ne prAkRta ke adhikAMza mAtrika-chandoM kA mUla srota kahA hai aura isa varga ke sabhI 'chandoM kA srota loka-gItoM ko mAnA hai|' ___ parantu, paravartI apabhraMza-sAhitya meM prAkRta ke ina mAtrAcchandoM kA vikAsa eka sopAna aura bddh'aa| usake aneka racayitA jaina-muni tathA jainetara kavi-kalAkAra loka-pracalita vividha paddhatiyoM ko AtmasAta karake hI apanI kAvyAbhivyakti dvArA dhArmika tathA rasAtmaka dheya kI pUrti karate the| nidAna, prAkRta bhASA-paMDitoM ke saMsparza se loka-mAnasa se dUra hotI jA rahI thI aura apabhraMza kA udaya lokadharAtala para hone lagA thaa| astu, usake sAhitya meM loka gItAtmakatA ke samAveza se anUThe saMgIta kA udaya hone lagA thA, jisane usake chanda-vidhAna ko vizeSa rUpa se udgIrita kiyaa| yoM to, geyatA prAkRta ke atukAMta mAtrA chandoM kI bhI vizeSatA thI; para apabhraMza yahIM nahIM ThaharI, usane ina geya chandoM ke caraNAMta meM tuka kA vidhAna kara saMgIta kI tAna meM prANa DAla diye| isa prakAra kabhI sama (2, 4) aura kabhI viSama (1, 3) caraNoM meM tuka milAne kI paddhati ko janma diyaa| isa dRSTi se apabhraMza ke chandoM meM antyAnuprAsa kA apanA nUtana prayoga hai, jo nizcaya hI mAtrA chandoM ke vikAsa kA sUcaka hai| yaha vizeSatA na saMskRta ke varNavRttoM meM thI aura na prAkRta ke mAtrAcchandoM meN| tuka kA yaha prayoga mAtrAcchandoM taka hI sImita nahIM rahA, athaca apabhraMza ke ina loka-gAyaka kaviyoM ne isa prakAra prAcIna varNa-vRttoM meM bhI eka navInatA utpanna kii| yathA nimna mAlinI chanda meM -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 53 khalayaNa sirasUlaM, sajjaNAnanda muulN| pasarai avirolaM, maggaNANaM surolN|| siri Naviya jiNindo, dei cAyaM vnniNdo| vasuhaya juijutto, mAliNI chaMdu vutto||3.4 sudaMsaNacariu saMskRta ke piMgala-zAstra ke anusAra jahA~ 'yati' honI cAhie vahA~ para bhI antyAnuprAsa kA prayoga kara mAlinI ke eka caraNa ke do caraNa banA ddaale| aura sama-catuSpada mAlinI ardha-sama aSTapada mAlinI bana gyaa| isa prakAra aneka naye chaMdoM kI sRSTi apabhraMza-sAhitya kI vibhUti hai| astu, tukAntatA ina chandoM kI maulikatA hai| chanda ke pAdAnta meM samAna svara-vyaMjanA kI niyojanA tuka kahalAtI hai| tuka rAga kA hRdaya hai| jo sthAna tAla meM sama kA hai, vahI sthAna chanda meM tuka kA hai| . mAtrA-chandoM ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza-kAla meM isa tukAMta-pravRtti kA prabhAva yaha huA ki aneka loka-gItoM kI dhuneM evaM loka-nRtyoM kI tAleM bhI yahA~ vividha chandoM ke udaya kI mUlabhUtA bana giiN| DaoN. eca.DI. belaNakara ne bhI 'rAsA', 'paddhaTikA' tatA 'ghattA' Adi isa kAla ke mAtrAcchandoM kA saMbaMdha loka-nRtyoM se svIkAra kiyA hai tathA unheM ATha mAtrAoM ke dhumAlI-tAla meM geya kahA hai| vastutaH, apabhraMza-kAvya pradhAnatayA geya-paramparA kA kAvya hai| ataH, usameM sunizcita mAtrAgaNanA ke sAtha-sAtha geyatA ke anurUpa zabda-yojanA bhI milatI hai| isI se aneka sAhityika chandoM kA vyavahRta geya-rUpa usake chaMda-vizeSa kI 'dezI' kahalAtA thaa| ina gItoM ko AbhIroM ke loka-gItoM se AyA huA kahA hai tathA cauthI zatAbdI ke AsapAsa se inakA prAraMbha mAnA hai| isa vicAra se kAlidAsa ke 'vikramorvazIya' meM ina tukAnta padoM meM 'dohA' (48 mAtrA), 'caccarI' (20 mAtrA), 'pAraNaka' (25 mAtrA) tathA 'zazAMkavadanA' (10 mAtrA) Adi darzanIya haiN| isake vyatirikta aneka mizra-chaMdoM kA prayoga bhI isa kAla meM mAtrA-chandoM ke vikAsa kI nizcita dizA kA paricAyaka hai| yathA - kuNDalikA (dohA + kAvya yA rolA), candrAyana (dohA + madanAvatAra yA kAminI mohana), rAsAkula (AbhANaka yA plavaMgama + ullAlA) tathA raDDA yA vastu (mAtrA + dohA) aura chappaya yA kavitta (kAvya

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 + ullAlA) Adi / astu, isa bhA~ti loka dharAtala para bane rahakara apabhraMzasAhitya ne mAtrA-chandoM ke vikAsa meM aitihAsika yogadAna diyaa| 54 bhASA ke vikAsa-krama meM hindI bhASA kA sIdhA saMbaMdha apabhraMza ke sAtha hai| isI se, usakA sAhitya apane prAraMbha kAla meM na kevala unhIM pravRttiyoM se pUrNataH prabhAvita hai; pratyuta kAvya-rUpa evaM chanda-yojanA kI dRSTi se bhI apane paravartI rUpa meM bahuta dUra taka usI kA anuvartaka hai| ataH apabhraMza kI isa mahattvapUrNa kar3I ko bhulAkara hindI ke vikAsa kI parikalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| yoM usane apabhraMza ke sAtha apanI pUrvavartI prAkRta evaM saMskRta sAhitya kI vizeSatAoM tathA pravRttiyoM ko bhI AtmasAta kiyA hai; kintu, vizeSa jhukAva apabhraMza kI mAtrika-tukAMta chanda-paddhati kI ora hI adhika rahA hai| isake mUla meM hindI-bhASA kI apanI prakRti hI hai| DaoN. nagendra kA kathana isa vicAra se ullekhya hai|' apabhraMza kI isa chanda - saMpadA ke aneka chanda haiN| dvipadI - dubaI, gAhU, ullAlA, uggAhA, ghattA, skaMdhaka, jhUlanA, khaMjA, gAhA, mAlinI aadi| sama-catuSpadI - dIpaka, kheTaka, ahIra, vilasita, paddharikA, pAdAkulaka, upavadanaka, madanAvatAra, rAsa, plavaMgama, rolA, harigItA, padmAvatI, tribhaMgI, jalaharaNa, madanahara, marahaTTA aadi| ardha samacatuSpadI vidyAdhara, manohara, dohaka, vasaMtalekhA, kokilAvalI, abhisArikA aadi| inake atirikta mAtrA, kuMDAlikA, chappaya, raDDA, vastu Adi ullekhya haiN| yoM to yaha viSaya apaneApameM svataMtra zodha kA viSaya hai; parantu hama apane nibaMdha kI sImA meM katipaya chandoM ke svarUpa, prayoga tathA prabhAva kI mImAMsA kareMge aura dekheMge ki apabhraMza ke ina chandoM kI vibhutA evaM vinyAsa kitanA mahattvapUrNa hai| - 'dohA' apabhraMza sAhitya kA pramukha chanda rahA hai aura paravartI hindI sAhitya meM bhI aneka rUpoM meM vyavahRta huA hai| kAvya rUpoM ke vikAsa meM bhI isakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| isakA prayoga muktaka rUpa se nIti kAvyoM kI abhivyakti kA hI AdhAra nahIM banA hai, pratyuta paddhariyA, Arilla, rolA, caupaI chandoM ke sAtha milakara varNanAtmaka prabandha kAvyoM ke nirUpaNa meM bhI sahabhAgI rahA hai| vividha chanda granthoM meM isake 'duvahaa' (svayaMbhU chaMdas tathA vRttajAti samuccaya), 'dohaka' (chando'nuzAsanam), 'dodhaka' (prAkRta- paiMgalam ) tathA 'dohA' (chanda koza tathA chanda prabhAkara) prabhRti nAmoM kA saMketa milatA hai| isI prakAra hindI sAhitya meM bhI

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 isake aneka nAma pracalita hue haiN| 'pRthvIrAja - rAsau' meM dohA, duhA, dUhA nAma milate haiN| kabIra Adi saMtoM kI 'sAkhiyA~' tathA nAnaka ke 'saloku' vastutaH dohA ke hI nAmAMtara haiN| tulasIdAsajI ne bhI 'sAkhI, sabadI, doharA' kahakara isake 'doharA' nAma ko iMgita kiyA hai| jahA~ isane apabhraMza ke jaina - kaviyoM kI nItiparaka tathA upadezAtmaka vANI ko saMgIta kI mAdhurI se anuprANita kara loka- hRdaya kI nidhi banAyA (pAhuDa dohA, sAvayadhamma dohA); vahA~ siddhoM ne bhI pUrva meM apane loka-vyApI prabhAva hetu dohA kozoM ke rUpa meM ise apnaayaa| siddha sarahapA ne to 'Nau Nau dohAcchande kahAvi na kimpi gopya' kahakara apanI abhiruci kA paricaya diyaa| ise bhale hI 'gAhA' yA 'gAthA' loka - chanda kA vikasita rUpa kahA jAe, parantu tuka kA prayoga apabhraMzakAlIna vibhUti hai / astu, yaha apabhraMza kAla kA hI vizeSa dvipadAtmaka 48 mAtrAoM kA pracalita chanda hai| isake do caraNa hote haiM tathA 13, 11 mAtrAoM para yati kA niyama hai aura aMta meM eka laghu ( 1 ) hotA hai| 7 siddha sAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM DaoN. dharmavIra bhAratI ne isake 13+11, 13+12 tathA 14+12 tIna rUpoM kA saMketa kiyA hai|" 55 apabhraMza ke isa lADale chanda kA sarvaprathama prayoga mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke 'vikramorvazIya' nATaka meM milatA hai - maI jANiaM miyaloyaNI, Nisayaru koi harei / jAva Na Nava jali sAmala, dhArAharu barasei | 14.8 / / . AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne isakI bhASA ko apabhraMza hI mAnA hai tathA prakSipta mAnane ke AdhAra kA khaMDana kiyA hai| saMskRta ke aneka nATakoM ke bIcabIca meM loka-bhASA prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kI gItiyoM kA vidhAna milatA hai / tadupari hemacandrAcArya ke 'prAkRta vyAkaraNa' meM aneka vIra evaM zrRMgAra rasapUrNa dohe upalabdha hote haiN| 12vIM sadI kI abdula rahamAna kRta 'saMdeza - rAsaka' nAmaka apabhraMza kI jainetara racanA meM bhI dohA-chanda kA saphala prayoga darzanIya hai| rAjasthAna ke 'DholA mArU rA dUhA' jaise lokagItoM meM yaha bahuta dUra taka lokapriya rahA hai| pUrva meM bauddha siddhoM kI vANI kA pracAra bhI dohA ke mAdhyama se ho rahA thaa| unake 'dohAkoza' isa satya ke dyotaka haiM tathA aneka vajragItiyoM meM bhI isakA prayoga kiyA

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56 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 jAtA thA aura vizeSa utsavoM ke samaya gAyA jAtA thaa| phira bhI isake zAstrIya vidhAna kA jitanA nirvAha jaina tathA jainetara kaviyoM ne kiyA, utanA ye bauddha-siddha nahIM kara paaye| isakI vibhutA aura vinyAsa kI dRSTi se lekhaka kA 'apabhraMza kA lAr3alA chanda dohA aura usakI kAvya-yAtrA' nAmaka Alekha paThanIya hai|11 'paddhaDiyA' yA 'pajjhaTikA' 16 mAtrAvAlA mAtrika chanda hai| 'svayaMbhUchandas' meM ise 4 caukaloMvAlA chanda kahA hai| 'saMdeza-rAsaka' kI bhUmikA meM pro. bhAyANI ne ise apabhraMza ke prabandha-kAvyoM kA pramukha chanda kahA hai|12 isakA prayoga svayaMbhU, puSpadaMta, dhanapAla, rAmasiMha, abdurrahamAna, kanakAmara Adi ne bahulazaH kiyA hai| vizeSataH apabhraMza ke kar3avaka-zailI ke prabandha-kAvyoM meM isakA prayoga huA hai| isameM kucheka arddhAliyoM ke bAda dohA Adi dvipadI chaMdoM se ghattA dene kI pravRtti rahI hai| isI rUpa meM yaha hindI ke jAyasI, tulasI Adi ke madhyayugIna prabandhoM meM darzanIya hai| yaha chanda pazcimI apabhraMza meM hI adhika pracalita rhaa| AcArya dvivedI ne 'caupAI' ke rUpa meM bhI isake prayoga kA saMketa kiyA hai|13 caupAI meM bhI cAra caraNa hote haiM aura 16 mAtrAe~ hotI haiM, kintu anta meM guru (s) hotA hai| chanda-prabhAkara meM 'caupaI' chanda kA bhI saMketa kiyA gayA hai, jisameM 15 mAtrAe~ aura aMta meM do laghu ( // ) hote haiN| isakA sAmya bahuta-kucha apabhraMza ke 'aDilla' yA 'arilla' chaMda se hai, jisameM 16 mAtrAe~ tathA aMta meM do laghu (|) hote haiN| 'prAkRta-paiMgalam' meM bhI isake yahI lakSaNa diye gaye haiN| isakA prayoga rAsa-kAvyoM ke sAtha-sAtha 'saMdeza rAsaka' ke 104, 112, 157, 170 tathA 174, 181veM chandoM meM darzanIya hai| kintu rAsa-kAvyoM meM 'aDilla' yA 'arilla' ke sAtha 'maDilla' yA 'marilla' chanda kA bhI prayoga milatA hai| hemacandrAcArya ne inheM eka hI chanda ke do prakAra mAne haiN| pro. bhAyANI ne isI mata kA samarthana kiyA hai| 4 para, DaoN. velaNakara ke anusAra jaba cAroM caraNoM meM samAna laya-tAla kA vidhAna ho, to vaha 'aDilla' aura tIsare tathA cauthe caraNa meM prathama do se bhinna laya-tAla kA niyojana ho, to vaha 'maDilla' chanda hotA hai| yathA -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 arilla - sajji sena sAmaMta sUra vara / gajje gena su laggi mahAbhara / / vaMde garaTa cale gati maMdaM / mAni sUra sAmaMta anaMdaM / / " Dilla - taNu dInha sAsi sosijjai / asu jalohu Neya sosijja || hiyau paDikku paDiu dIvaMtari / paDiu pataMgu NAr3a dIvaMtari / / 7 kar3avaka - zailI meM 'ghattA' dene kA tAtparya pAThaka kI cittavRtti meM eka hI prakAra ke chanda-prayoga se utpanna Uba ko dUra karane kA hI dhyeya hai| jisa prakAra nartaka tabale kI eka vizeSa tAla ke uparAMta naye joza meM bharakara, nRtya meM gati lA detA hai| apabhraMza meM isa 'ghatte' ke lie 'rolA', 'gAhA', 'ullAlA' tathA 'AryA' Adi chandoM kA prayoga milatA hai| kintu vahA~ 'ghattA' nAmaka chanda vizeSa kA bhI prayoga kiyA jAtA rahA hogA, jaisA ki muni kanakAmara ke 'karakaMDucariu' meM draSTavya hai - ghattA- kavi mANamahallI mayaNabhara, karakaMDaho samuhiya caliya / 57 thirathorapaohari mayaNayaNa, uttattakaNayachavi ujjaliya / / 3.2 / / 'ghattA' 62 mAtrA kA chanda hai / chanda prabhAkara meM isake viSama padoM meM 18 tathA sama-padoM meM 13 mAtrAoM ke vidhAna ke sAtha aMta meM tIna laghu ( III ) kA saMketa kiyA hai| kintu, 'prAkRta - paiMgalam' meM mAtrA to itanI hI kahI gaI haiM aura antima tIna laghu ko bhI iMgita kiyA hai; para donoM caraNoM meM caturmAtrika sAta gaNoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 18 hindI ke madhyakAlIna kaviyoM sUra, tulasI tathA jAyasI ne dohA aura soraThA tathA kahIM-kahIM donoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| inake atirikta tulasIdAsajI ne rAmacarita mAnasa, laMkAkAMDa meM 'harigItikA' chanda ko jor3akara navInatA kA paricaya diyA - hAhAkAra karata sura bhaage| khalahu jAhu kaha~ more Age / / dekhi vikala sura aMgada dhAyau / kUdi carana gahi bhUmi girAyau / /

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58 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 harigItikA gahi bhUmi pAsyau lAta mAsyau bAlisuta prabhu pahiM gyau| saMbhAri uThi dasakaMTha ghora kaThora rava garjata bhyau|| kari dApa cApa car3hAya dasa saMdhAni sara bahu vrssii| kie sakala bhaTa ghAyala bhayAkula dekhi nija bala hrssii|| dohA taba dasamukha rAvana ke sIsa bhujA sara caap| kADhe bahuta bar3he puni jimi tIratha kara paap|| isa chanda kA prayoga AdikAlIna 'pRthvIrAja rAso' meM kavi candavaradAI ne bhI kiyA hai| lekina vahA~ isake 'mAlatI', 'gItAmAlacI' tathA 'gItAmAlatI' nAmoM kA bhI saMketa milatA hai - gItAmAlatI saji calyau tAmaM yuddha dhAmaM kena kAmaM puuryN| ghana ghora ghaTTA samuda phaTTA ima ulaTTA suuryN||4.21|| dhuMdharima bhAnaM SuresAnaM hema jAnaM hllyN| kanavajja thAnaM pari bhagAnaM sUratAnaM sallayaM / / 4.22 / / aura 'paramAla rAsau' ke 10veM jayacanda-milApa khaNDa meM pR. 210 para isake lie kevala 'chaMda' nAma kA prayoga kiyA hai| 'chanda-prabhAkara' meM ise 28 mAtrA kA chanda kahA gayA hai, jisameM 16, 12 para yati tathA aMta meM 15 kA vidhAna batAyA hai| jAyasI, maMjhana tathA kabIra ne 'ullAla' chanda ko bhI apanAyA hai| yathA - ullAla piu piu karata jIu dhani sUkhI bolI cArika bhaaNti| parI so bUMda sIpa janu motI hiya parI sukha saaNti||" ullAla sadA aceta ceta jIva paMchI, hari taravara kari baas| jhUThe jaga jini bhUlasi jivare, kahana sunana kI aas|||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 59 'ullAla' 56 mAtrA kA daMDaka chanda hai, jisameM 15, 13 para yati hotI hai|22 _ 'rolA' chanda 24 mAtrA kA chanda hai, jisameM sama-padoM meM 13 aura viSama padoM meM 11 para yati hotI hai| isakA svataMtra tathA mizrita prayoga bhI darzanIya hai| 'pRthvIrAja rAsau', sUradAsa tathA naMdadAsa ne isakA svataMtra prayoga hI kiyA hai| yathA - kuca vara jaMgha nitaMba nisA baDhDhata dhana bddhddhii| laMka chIna ura chIna chIna dina sIta su cddhddhii|| gira kaMdara taba jugati jAgi jogIsara mNnN| te lambhe kavicaMda vAma kAmI sara dhaMnaM / / nandadAsa aura sUradAsa ne anta meM dasa mAtrA kI eka laghu kar3I jor3akara zailI meM saMgIta kA sphuraNa kiyA hai - unameM momaiM he sakhA, china bhari aMtara naaNhi| jyoM dekhyau mo mA~hi ve, hoM hU~ unahIM maaNhi|| __ taraMgini vAri jyoN||741125 dohe ke sAtha isakA mizrita rUpa apabhraMza ke phAgu-kAvyoM meM avalokanIya hai - sarala tarala bhuya vallariya sihaNa piinnghnntuNg| udaradesi laMkAulI ya sohai tiblturNg||10|| aha komala vimala niyaMbabiMba phiri gNgaapulinnaa| karikara Uri hariNa jaMgha pallava kara crnnaa| malapati cAlati velahIya haMsalA hraavi| saMjhArAgu akAli bAlu nahakiraNi kraavi||11||26 'saMdeza-rAsaka' ke bhI chanda 107, 148, 183, 191 tathA 199 isa dRSTi se darzanIya haiM - jhaMpavi tama baddaliNa dasaha disi chaayuaNbru| unnaviyau ghura hurai ghoru ghaNu kisnnaaddNbru||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 Nahaha maggi Nahavalli tarala taDayAMDivi tddkki| dadura raDaNu raudda kuvi sahavi Na skki|| nibaDa niraMtara nIrahara duddhara dhrdhaarohyru| kiya sahau pahiya siharaTThiyai dusahau koila rasai sru||148||" isI prakAra 'chappaya' chaMda mizrita chaMda hai| 'pRthvIrAja-rAsau' meM isakA bahulaza prayoga huA hai aura ise 'kavitta' nAma diyA gayA hai - 'suna garur3a paMkha piMgala kahai, chappai chanda kavitta yaha' (109) / isameM, jaisAki nAma se spaSTa hai, SaT pada hote haiM, jinameM prathama cAra 11, 13 mAtrAoM ke vizrAma se 'prAkRta paiMgalam' ke anusAra 'rolA' chanda ke aura aMtima do caraNa 28 mAtrAoM vAle 'ullAlA' chanda ke hote haiN|28 'saMdesa-rAsaka' meM ise 'vastu' nAma diyA gayA hai aura hindI ke sUra tathA tulasI ne 'chappaya' kA hI upayoga kiyA hai| haya kaTTata bhU bhayau, bhaye bhUpayana plttyau| paya kaTTata kara calyo, karahiM saba sena smittyau|| kara kaTTata sira bhirayau, siraha sanamuSa hoya phuttyau| sira phuTTata dhara dhasyau, dharaha tila tila hoya tuttyau|| dhara tuTTi phuTTi kavicaMda kahi, roma-roma biMdhyau srn| sura naraha nAga astuti karahi, bali bali bali chaggana mrn||2214|" 'nAnaka-vANI' meM bhI viraha-varNana kI bAraha mAsA-vidhAntargata chappaya-chanda hI kiMcit mAtrA-bheda se avalokanIya hai|" __isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki chandoM kI gati-vidhi tathA rUpa bhASA ke sAthasAtha badalatA rahatA hai aura yugIna bhAvAbhivyakti ke anurUpa kinhIM viziSTa chandoM kA prayoga yA to pradhAna ho jAtA hai athavA navIna chanda kI sRSTi hotI hai| yathA, bauddha-siddhoM ke caryApadoM meM 'pAdAkulaka' chanda kI hI pradhAnatA rahI hai aura yaha paramparA madhyayugIna saMta-bhaktoM ke padoM taka prayukta hotI milatI hai| 'pAdAkulaka' ko prAkRta-phaMgalam meM cAra caraNoM vAlA aura pratyeka caraNa meM 16 mAtrAcchanda kahA hai| isameM laghu-guru kA koI vidhAna nahIM hotaa|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ___ 'pAdAkulaka' kI saMdhi karane para - pAda + Akulaka = padoM kA saMgraha karanevAlA artha milatA hai| yathA - 16 mAtrA (i) jo yaNa // goara // // AlA // ||jaalaa // ||aagm // // pothI / / iSTA // // mAlA / / 40 // 3 16 mAtrA (ii) ekku Na kijjai taMta Na mNt| Nia dhariNI lai keli krNt|| Nia ghare ghariNI jAba Na mjji| tAva ki pA~ca vaNNa vihrijji|| inakI mAtrAoM meM sarvatra samAnatA nahIM milatI; kahIM 14, kahIM 15 aura kahIM 24 tathA 28 mAtrAoM taka kA prayoga milatA hai| yathA, 14 mAtrA kA caryApada - diDha karia mhaa| suha primaan| lui bhanai guru| pucchia jaan| yaha paramparA bauddha-siddhoM se nAtha-paMthiyoM meM hotI huI hindI ke saMta-bhaktakaviyoM taka pahu~catI hai aura jayadeva ke gIta-govinda kI padAvalI se bhI sAmya sthApita karatI hai - . bhUsukupA - 'bhusUka bhanai kata rAutu bhaNai kata saalA sahaja shaavaaN|" jayadeva - dhIra samIre yamunA tIre basati bane bnmaaliiN| - gIta-govinda gorakhavAnI- mana maiM rahiNAM bheda na kahiNAM bolivA amRta vaannii| agilA aganI hoivA avadhU tau ApaNa hoivA paaNnnii||" dAdU- kali dhaula barana palaTiyA, tana mana kA bala bhaagaa| jobana gayA jurA cali AI, taba pachitAvana laagaa||38

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 'payari' chanda bhI isI pAdAkulaka se vikasita huA jAna par3atA hai| isakI geyatA ne ise adhika komala banA diyA hai, jisakA spaSTIkaraNa sUratulasI Adi bhaktoM ke lIlA-padoM meM ho jAtA hai| yaha bhI inhIM caryApadoM ke paravartI vikAsa kA paricAyaka hai| unakI 'Teka' meM inhIM ke samAna 16 mAtrAoM kA vidhAna milatA hai| tulasI kI 'vinaya patrikA' ke pada 'mana pachataihaiM avasara bIte' meM Teka kI paMkti pAdAkulaka kI hone se 16 mAtrA kI hai aura sUradAsa ke 'khelana hari nikase braja horI' pada meM bhI 16 mAtrA kI caupAI chaMda kI hai| Teka kA prayoga gItAtmakatA ke lie hI hotA hai| 62 isa prakAra katipaya chandoM ke vivecana ke bAda niSkarSataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki apabhraMzakAlIna chanda-saMpadA nizcaya hI bar3I samRddha evaM puSTa rahI hai aura apane paravartI hindI - kAvya kI upajIvya banakara, lambe samaya taka use prabhAvita karatI rahI hai, jisake lie hindI - sAhitya usakA cira - RNI rhegaa| vastutaH ye sabhI jaina tathA jainetara kavi vItarAgI evaM AdhyAtmika the| parantu, apanI isa AdhyAtmika nidhi ko loka-jIvana ke lie kalyANakArI banAne ke himAyatI the| isI se loka bhASA aura loka - chandoM kI gItAtmakatA aura sarasatA kA inhoMne prazraya liyA tathA cirajIvI sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA, jo zatAbdiyoM ke bAda Aja bhI kisI-na-kisI prakAra loka-jIvana kI akSaya nidhi banA hai| nisaMdeha, ye sabhI sacce arthoM meM kalamajIvI, kalAjIvI aura para - hitArtha - jIvI hone se 'kavirmanISI paribhUsvayaMbhU' kahalAne ke adhikArI pAtra the| 1. 'pallava' kI bhUmikA sumitrAnandana paMta, pRSTha 28 2. 'chanda: pAdau tu vedasya hastau kalpo'tha kathyate' chanda-prabhAkara, pR. 10 3. hamArA aisA anumAna hai, gAthA varga ke mAtrika jAticchaMda mUlataH loka-gItoM ke chanda rahe haiM yahI gAthA chanda prAkRta ke adhikAMza mAtrika chandoM DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, prAkRta- paiMgalam bhAga - 2, saMpAdaka kA mUla srota hai| pR. 335 - -

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 4. Bombay University Journal Vol. II, 1933-4, Apabhramsa Metres by Dr. H.D. Velankar, p. 34. 5. prAkRta - paiMgalam bhAga - 2, saMpAdaka DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, pR. 317 6. saMskRta bahuta kucha saMzliSTa bhASA hai, usakI vibhaktiyA~ zabdoM meM saMyukta rahatI haiM, usameM saMdhi aura samAsa kI bahulatA hai| phalataH varNoM kI zrRMkhalA - sI bana jAtI hai| aisI bhASA meM varNika chanda hI adhika anukUla par3a sakate the - nidAna, vahA~ varNika chandoM kI hI pradhAnatA rhii| hindI kI prakRti ekAMta vizleSaNa pradhAna hai; ataeva, usakI ruci svabhAva se hI mAtrika chandoM kI hI rhii| vIra gAthA kAla meM varNika chandoM kA bhI prayoga huA, parantu unakI apekSA dohA, chappaya, paddhaTikA Adi mAtrika chanda hI kahIM adhika pracalita the| DaoN. nagendra, pR. 244 deva aura unakI kavitA jagannAtha prasAda 'bhAnu', pR. 91 7. chanda prabhAkara 8. siddha sAhitya, DaoN. dharmavIra bhAratI, pR. 293-4 9. hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla, AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI, paMcama vyAkhyAna, pR. 98-99 10. jisa samaya siddhoM ne dohA chanda apanAyA, usakA svarUpa sthira nahIM huA thaa| bauddhoM kI paramparA meM kaI pramANa aise milate haiM, jinase dohoM kI geyatA siddha hotI hai| aise dohoM ko 'vajragIti' kahate the| 'sAdhanamAlA' meM buddha kapAla kI sAdhanA meM 4 dohoM kI eka vajragIti milatI hai| ' he vajrataMtra' meM bhI do vajra gItiyA~ milatI haiN| ina sabhI gItikAoM ko vajrayAnI - sAdhanAoM meM gAne aura kabhI-kabhI una para nRtya karane kA vidhAna bhI milatA hai| - - - 11. apabhraMza bhAratI, aMka 8 navambara 1996, pR. 21-26 12. saMdeza rAsaka, saMpAdaka pR. 58 13. hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla, AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI, pR. 103 14. saMdeza rAsaka - bhUmikA, pR. 53 63 siddha-sAhitya, DaoN. dharmavIra bhAratI, pR. 294 jinavijaya muni evaM DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANI, bhUmikA 15. When all the lines have a common rhyme, This metre is called 'Adila' but when the 3rd & 4th lines have a different rhyme, is called 'Medila'. - Bombay Univ. Journal, Vol. II, 1933-34, Apabhramsa metres, page 41.

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64 16. pRthvIrAja rAsau (sabhA), 48vA~ samaya, chanda - 184, pRSTha 1325 17. saMdeza rAsaka, saMpA. A. hajArIprasAda dvivedI, dvitIya prakrama, chanda 111, pR. 28 18. prAkRta- paiMgalam, saMpAdaka DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, pR. 90 19. chanda-prabhAkara, jagannAtha prasAda 'bhAnu', pR. 69 20. padmAvata, DaoN. mAtAprasAda gupta, pR. 136 21. kabIra granthAvalI (sabhA), ramainI, pR. 226 - 22. chanda-prabhAkara, pR. 91 23. vahI, pR. 63 24. pRthvIrAja rAsau (sabhA) kAzI, pR. 1265 25. nandadAsa graMthAvalI (sabhA) bha~varagIta, pR. 189 26. prAcIna phAgu saMgraha, saM. DaoN. bhogIlAla ja. saMDesarA, pR. 85 27. saMdeza - rAsaka, saM. AcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI 28. prAkRta-paiMgalam I, saMpAdaka DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, pR. 223 29. tulasI - kavitAvalI, bAlakAMDa, chanda 11, pR. 7 30. pRthvIrAja rAsau (sabhA), 61vA~ samaya 31. nAnakavANI, saMpAdaka DaoN. jayarAma mizra, pR. 675 32. prAkRta-paiMgalam, DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, pR. 116 33. caryAgIti-padAvalI, saMpAdaka - DaoN. sukumAra sena, pR. 42 34. hindI kAvyadhArA, rAhula sAMskRtyAyana, pR. 148 35. vahI, pR. 46 36. caryApada, 42 37. gorakhavANI, DaoN. pItAmbara bar3athvAla, pR. 23 38. saMta sudhAsAra - saMpA. viyogI hari, pR. 58 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 000 'rAma triveNI kuTIra' 49- bI, Alokanagara, AgarA - 20

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara, 2014 siripAla-mayaNAsuMdarIcariya - paNDita NaraseNa siripAla-mayaNAsuMdarIcariya (siddhacakra kathA) nAmaka yaha pANDulipi digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna meM saMgRhIta pANDulipiyoM meM se eka hai| isakI veSTana saMkhyA 1282 hai| isameM rAjA zrIpAla evaM unakI rAnI mainAsundarI kI kathA evaM unake mAdhyama se siddhacakra pUjA ke mahAtmya kA varNana hai| apabhraMza bhASA meM racita isa kathA ke racanAkAra paMDita NaraseNa haiN| yaha kathA 96 pRSThoM (patra 42) meM nibaddha hai| yahA~ isa racanA kA eka aMza prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai| isa aMza kI pratilipikAra haiM zrImatI mAyA kauzika, sahAyaka nidezaka, apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI, jypur|

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66 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 siripAla mayaNAsuMdarI cariya / / OM namo vItarAgAya / / siddhacakkavihiriddhiyaguNahasamiddhiya / paNaveppiNusiddhamuNIsaraho / puNu akkhamiNimmalu / bhaviyahumaMgalu / siddhmhaapurisaamiyho|| jynnaahihinnNdnnaaivNbh| jayaajiyajiNAhivamahiyaDaMbha / jayasaMbhavajhAiyasukkaitANa / jayaahiNaMdaNasuhaparamaNANa / jayasumayaNAhakammArivAha / jayapaumaNAharattupalAha / jyjysupaassirirmnnipaas| jycNdpphhymohpaas| jayapuSpayaMtadamiyArivagga / jayasIyalasAhivamokkhamagga / jayaseyabhavvasarakamalahaMsa / jayavAsapUjyaladdhasIsa / jayavimalaNANakaruNanihANa / jayajiNaaNaMtajANiyapamANa / jayadhammatithusovaMNakaMti / jayasaMtijiNesaravihiyasaMti / jayakuM thunAhakayajIvamitti / jayaaramANiyaNivvANathutti / jayamallijiNesaramallimoda / jayasuvvayathuyatiyasiMdaviMda / jayanamirayaNattayabhUsiyaMga / jayaNemitajiyarAyamaisaMga / jayapAsabhuvaNakamalekkabhANa / jayajayahijiNe saravaDDamANa / ghattA jejiNaguNamAlapaDhesai / maNibhAvesai / riddhividdhsolhijyuu| sosiddhivrNgnnnnaarihiN| hayajaramArihiM / suhanaraseNapaharamapaU / / 1 / / jiNavayaNAuviNiggayasArI / paNavivisarasaidevibhaDArI / sukaikaraMtukavvurasavaMtaU / jasupasAivuhayaNuraMjaMtaU / sAbhagavaimahuhoipasaNNI / siddhacakkakahakahauravaNNI / punnuprmetttthipNcpnnveppinnu| jinnvrubhaasiudhmmusunneppinnu| viulamahAgiriAyaubIrahu / samavasaraNusAmIjayadhIraho / thopyvNdnnsenniucliyuu| celnnaahiprivaarhmiliyuu| tiNNipayAhiNadevipasaMsiU / uttamaMgubhUre viNamaMsiU / jAyatilAbharideviNuNAhaho / paNavivibahubhAvihihayamohaho /

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 67 gnnhrnniggNthhpnnveppinnu| ajjiyaahvNdnnhkrevinnu| khullyiNchaakaarukreppinnu| saavyaahsysmvNchevinnu| tiriyhkiusmbhaauguritttthuu| punnunnriNdunnrkotttthinnivitttthuu| pucchisenniuviirjinnesr| siddhckkphlukhiprmesru| taauchliyvaannivyaayr| nnNlhriitrNgrynnaayr| - ghattA goimugnnisaahi| aNu pddigaahi| hau uddesu pyaasiN| siddhckkvihiitttthiy| nniggyritttthiy| senniykhmismaasiN||2|| ihjNvuudiiudiivhsmiddh| thbhrhkhettujysuppsiddh| thiatthiavNtiivisurmmu| jahiNaravaipAlaisavvadhammu / jhigaamvshipttttnnsmaann| pttttnnhvinnijjiysurvimaann| nnyraayrsurhsohaakhnnnn| donnaamuhkvvddkheddchnnnn| srisrtlaabkmlinnihipihiy| hNsaavlisohhihNsshiy| gomhisisNddjhimiliymaali| bhkkhNtiichkhddkmlsaali| nniiluppluvaasiubhiniiru| dhiivrhivivjjiujlughiiru| jevhipNthiyjhichddrsoii| dhykhiirdhiymkkrhmoiN| phidrkmiriyckkhetikevi| ikkhaarsupijjisaaulevi| paanniupaavNtipvaaliyaau| dikkhaaliuthnnhrbaaliyaau| ghattA thibisujimaaluu| bhuvihmaaluu| ayrdeshkymaaluu| jhitiysimaaluu| aisukmaaluu| bhvnnNmaalimaaluu||3|| jebhuvmNddlmNddlaggeN| jypphujysirimNddlaggeN| jhinnghighumNddlkoii| abhudaanuprmNddlkoii| jhipuripvrNtriaavNtii| nnihysnnaahvihuraavNtii| jhiphuaaipddiaripaatl| vsuvilkkhnnvaannvpaatl| rcchvaavvnnjaanniaavnn| khjjvtthpuurepNthaavnn| jhinnrviuspddhhibhuvaanniy| siriynnivaasvshibhuvaanniy|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 gojimkiycuthnnpyposnn| temvevidhnnknnpyposnn| jhiakittinnpaaviprsnn| amraaviaavijimprsnn| pattA ujjenniynnyrihipyddthiy| knnyrynnkoddihijddiyaa| vlivNdddhrNthNsurvrhN| amarAvaiNaMkhasipaDiyA / / 4 / / uvvnnhivisohisaavicitti| kaarNddhsvvhcumucumNt| vlliihrehikiNnrrmNti| solhiypuNsmhurilvNti| jlkhaaiysohhikmlchnnnn| saalttymNddiypNcvnnnn| punnunnyrhnbhNtrihttttmggu| rynnhNnnivdunnNmokkhmggu| jhisuddhphlihmnnibhttipikkhi| krikriveNhpNddiviNbudekhi| nnvsttpNcbhuumighraai| sohtinnivddhiNtornnaaii| khNddtiispvnnibhuNjNtibhouu| jinndhmmaasttuvsilouu| pipaalunnresruvsitetthu| sttNgurijjupaalipstthu| nnrsuNdridhrnnimnnohriiy| jihkaamhoriraahvsusiiy| thupddhmknnnnsursuNdriiy| mynnaasuNdrilhuiivinniiy| ghattA paattnnhNnnimitt| gunnsNjutt| pddhmsmppiydiyvrho| jinnijinniypurNdri| mynnaasuNdrisoaaesiimunnivrho||||| saajettttknnnnpunnupddhikem| vuhyvinnuttrudeijem| thiruuvriddhipikkhevitaau| sursuNdriaggibhnniraau| jovruruccisokhhimujjhu| jimtaasuvivaahuputtitujjhu| tinnimNgiuvrunnrviabhii| kusviipurisiNgaarsii| soaanniviraayNdinnnnknnnn| hygyaapuurihirnnnnvnnnn| priusiuupriynnusylulouu| sodinnkumvrivilsNtubhou| ahnnisuprivujjhiyvippdhmmu| vlivaasueudikkhiyhkmmu| gosuvasumehinnrsuvaaii| ayjnnnnvihaannimunniytaai| dhiyjonniyshiyhNmunniNbheuu| gNddyhkrukulimNsheuu|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 bhaTTAgamiakkhiyajalahaMsuddhi / tippNtipiyrpunnumNsgiddhi| psukyvhennthiNsggirmm| gejoNiparaseMparamadhammu / ahinnisumnnuvttttisttenn| prmtthugNthbujjhinntenn| .. pattA bhviyhunnisunnijjhuN| hiyimunnijjhu| mynnsuNdripddhnnvihi| khvnnaanniNbujjhiu| tihuvnnusjjhiu| bhuubhviisuviphurithiN||6|| punnulhikumvrinnippnnkih| pnnvaaruviaivuhpvttujihN| vaayrnnuchNdunnaaddumunniu| nnidhNttutkkulkkhnnumunniu| punnuamrkosulNkaarsohu| aagmujoisubujjhiuakkhohu| jaanniyvaaddhttriklphaann| curaasiikhNddithiNvinnaann| punnugaahdohchppysttuuv| jonniicuraasiivNdhttuuv| chttiisraaysttristtttaauu| punnusuddhcNusttttihtthbhaauu| punnugiiynnettpaaddgikvv| priyaanniystthpuraannsvv| chhbhaasaachhdsnnnniyaanni| chaannvilihiypaasNddjaanni| smuddiylkkhnnmunnisoiN| tepddhiygunniycudhvivjj| bheshuushgnnphuritaahiN| aNguliaNgulichaannvivaahiN| bujjhiphaauvhudesbhaas| atttthaarhlivijaanniynnijaas| nnvrscuvgghmunnibhei| jinnsmilhiycaariunniui| rhrhsukaamstthuvimunnei| punnukaagruddithiNkojinneii| khvnnaannaaiNddhiysumunnihipaasu| atttthaavijiivhNsmaasu| esylstthprinniytaasu| smmaahiguttimunnivrhopaasi| mynnaasuNdrilhuddiivinniiy| saaevmaaigNdhhNgriiy| ghattA gykumaarilhtetthiN| acchijetthiN| shpridRutaaujhiN| saajnnmnnhaarii| bhugunnsaarii| laavtikaamupisaaulhu||7|| jinngNdhovuusiisilieppinnu| aasiivaaudinnuNpnnveppinnu| siisleviliyugNdhovuu| nnimmliiynnimmlkrnnovuu|

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70 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 puNupavittuvipAvapaNAsaNu / aTThakammapayajIhiviNAsaNu / puNukumvariyahiMruuavaloivi / thiuNariMduhiTThAmahujoivi / ciNtinrvriknnnnslkkhnn| kavaNahodijjaiehaviyakkhaNa / emabhaNeviNukannabulAvai / jemaputtituvajeTThihiMichiu / maggahiMvarujotuvamaNibhAvai / varugaNihausurasuMdarivaMchiu / kiMpinavollaimauNeM achai / bhaNaitAusuikAiNiyacha / pariNiputtijophu raisaMyavari / dIsaMhideviruvadhavalaMvara / NisuNeviNusuMdariyacattakkiya / dikkhireviahamuhakarithakkiya / ghattA maNikaMpaipuNujaMpaI / kulaunnaujaMjuttau / tAbhaNaikumaribhoNisuNitAya / jAkaNNahoimAbappajAya / kulauttihivappakiehumaggu / ANaiiMchiuvesAbhu aMgu / jahiMjaNaNuvipAipakkhAlidei / parivArakuMDavahomaMttule / jaNapaMcavaisiropahivivAhu / jasudehivappaimasojiNAhu / mAvappubhAipariNaUkarei / NiyakammutAha aggaiM sarei / dhIyahaM suhAgucArahaDiputta / duhavahavako karaikaMta / NisuNahitAyajiNAgamiakkhiU / kmmsuhaasuhsbhNakkhiuu| emabhaNeMcitiguttimuNIsaru / kammeraMku vikammeM Isaru / nniykmmeNjunnilaaddhlihiyuu| sokemettttijovihiNvihiyuu| eyahaMvayaNahaMmAkarivippa | sohoijulihiyaukammivappa / iyaNisuNeviNukopiuNivaI / dekkheviukammuihiMtaNaumaI / ghattA tAucaeviNiruttau / demiajjupddiuttru||8|| tANaravaikuddhau / bhnniviruddhu| jAhudeviNiyagehaho / saagyvrgaaminni| jaNamaNarAmiNi / gayasaraMtijiNadevahu / / 9 / / tApahuNiyamaNirosuvahaMtau / vAhiyAlilahucaliuturaMtau / hayagayavAhaNasiviyAjANahiM / aayvttsiggiriappmaannhiN|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 roysoybhudukkhputtuu| koddhiudittttsmmuhaavNtuu| vesriruddhuviyliygttu| siisovriplaasdlchttu| munninniNdiyupuvvkmbhiiddiuu| uuvraaiNthiNpaaveNpiiddiuu| ddhlhicmrbhughNttaasddhiN| kykaalaahlusiNgaanndhiN| gliynnaaskrcrnnNguliyiN| koddhiytaahnnirNtrmiliyiN| tejNphiehammhsaamiuu| ajjuavNtiiaaugusaaiuu| jikoddhiukiriaahnnikittttuu| tovinnnivinnehthuphitttti| bhuaaddNvrennNsihuNclli| vaahidekhinniyprinnughllii| __ghattA cllinnivsutthN| priynnjutthN| desdiesvidhaaddvi| akNdhaagururghr| arukNvlvr| melinnivputaaddiN||10|| mNddlviprmNddlusNchiN| rttpittrnnyaaunnkhNchi| mehdaahushkiybhNddaarii| jldonniyaasylpnnihaarii| vhirdaahutvolusmppi| ukkuttiypaavsijvaaliy| gummvaahidhrshkuttvaaliy| suurvnnnntesuurslkkhnn| gliysaahkiymNtviykkhnn| kacchadAha vikkiidlvi| vrtthiyaalshrkkhhiNnrve| paaddiherjennaakiibhaashi| uvrohiyjekaalubhaashiN| pittsukknnrieNgcchhiN| romvihinnaNgrhacchkhiN| cmrhaarimkkhiygnnujgguN| chttudhrinnaasaajhuddulggu| kaahlthiNjosaanniNdaavii| ghNttaalhibolunnaavi| iysaamggiideipyaannuN| aapunnuuvraaisiNraannu| ghattA pikkhevinnuraaeNpunnuannuraaeN| mNtihivolnnlggu| kuddhignnuNaavi| mhmnnibhaavi| mynnaasuNdrijoggu||11|| ---

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72 aha maMdarAu jaNanayaNapiu..... aha maMdarAu jaNanayaNapiu ochappiNI avasappiNi na tahiM nAheya bAhubali - bharaha - jayA tatthatthi amuNiyavivakkhabhau jo jalanihi vva rayaNuddharaNu ghaNanaMdaNavaNasaMchaiyadisu kaNakaNiradasaNasIyalasalilu vilasaMtapavaNakaMpiyasaralu taralacchi-chettaThiyahaliyavahu pahasaMtaramiyagAmINajaNu ghattA maNisArahi~ tihiM pAyArahiM parihAmaMDali jalapayari / bahubhoyahi~ maMDiyaloyahi~ atthi puMDariMkiNi nayari / / apabhraMza bhAratI 21 puvvAsae puvvavidehu thiu / loyAhiva upajjaMti jahiM / arahaMta-siddha-cakkavai sayA / nAmeNa pukkhalAvar3a visau / gharasiMgalagga - pajjhariyaghaNu / disamANariddhi-hallirakaNisu / sulliykoilsrbhriybilu| saralupphiDaMta - hariNI - taralu / bahuviMbhiyapaMthiyaruddhapahu / jaNayAhilAsanAyaramihuNu / - mahAkavi vIra jaMbUsAmicariu, 3.1 maMdarAcala se pUrva dizA meM logoM ke netroM ko pyArA pUrvavideha sthita hai| vahA~ utsarpiNIavasarpiNI rUpa se kAlacakra ke Are nahIM badalate, tathA vahA~ loka ke nAtha tIrthaMkara (sadaiva ) utpanna hote rahate haiN| vahA~ nAbheya jina (RSabhanAtha), bAhubali, tathA bharata jaise arahaMta, siddha evaM cakravartI sadaiva vidyamAna rahate haiN| vahA~ zatru ke bhaya ko na jAnanevAlA puSkalAvatI nAma kA deza hai, jo jalanidhi ke samAna ratnoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA hai, jahA~ gharoM ke zikharoM se TakarAkara bAdala jharane lagate haiN| ghane naMdanavana se vahA~ kI dizAe~ AcchAdita haiM tathA zasya ke kaMpanazIla tIkSNa- agrabhAgoM se usakI samRddhi dRzyamAna hai| jahA~ dA~toM ko kaMpAyamAna karanevAlA zItala pavana bahatA hai aura kokilA ke sumadhura svara se saba kaMdara-vivara bhara jAte haiM; krIr3ApUrvaka bahatA huA vAyu, sarala (sIdhe) vRkSoM ko kaMpita kara detA hai, caMcala hariNiyA~ sIdhI chalA~ga lagAtI haiM aura jahA~ khetoM meM khar3I huI caMcala A~khoMvAlI hAli (kRSaka) vadhuoM ko dekhakara atyanta vismita hue pathikoM se mArga avaruddha ho jAtA hai tathA jahA~ grAmINajana atyanta pramodapUrvaka ramaNa karate haiM, aura jo nAgarikoM ke jor3oM ko ( vahA~ rahane kI ) abhilASA utpanna karatA hai| ghattA usa deza meM maNijaTita - prAkAra va jalaprasAra se yukta parikhAmaMDala sahita tathA aneka prakAra ke bhoga bhoganevAle logoM se maMDita puMDariMkiNI nAma kI nagarI hai| anu. DaoN. vimalaprakAza jaina

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 akTUbara 2014 kAlAvalI kI jayamAla racayitA - ajJAta artha - prIti jaina 'kAlAvalI kI jayamAla' apabhraMza bhASA meM racita eka laghu racanA hai| isameM jainadarzana meM mAnya kAla (samaya) ke pariNamana kI avadhAraNA kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa racanA meM racayitA kA nAma-samaya Adi kucha bhI ullikhita nahIM hai ataH yaha racanAkAra ke bAre meM kucha bhI batAne meM asamartha hai| yaha racanA digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita 'jainavidyA saMsthAna' ke pANDulipi bhaNDAra meM saMgRhIta guTakA saMkhyA-55, veSTana saMkhyA-253 meM pRSTha saMkhyA 6 se 9 para lipibaddha hai| isa bhaMDAra meM isa racanA kI anya prati upalabdha nahIM hai| isa racanA meM kula sAta kar3avaka haiN| prathama kaDavaka meM racanAkAra ne una bhAvoM-sthitiyoM, vAMchAoM kA varNana kiyA hai jo use saMsAra-cakra se chuTakArA dilAne meM sahAyaka hoN| dvitIya kar3avaka meM avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama kAla 'susamAsusamA' kA varNana hai| tRtIya kar3avaka meM dvitIya kAla 'susamA kA varNana hai| caturtha

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7A apabhraMza bhAratI 21 kar3avaka meM tRtIya kAla 'susamA-dusamA' kA varNana hai| paMcama kar3avaka meM caturthakAla 'dusamA-susamA' kA varNana hai| chaThe kar3avaka meM paMcama kAla 'dusamA' kA tathA sAtaveM kar3avaka meM chaThe kAla 'dusamA-dusamA' kA varNana hai| _ 'kAla' arthAt 'samaya', jisake nimitta yA sahayoga se vastuoM kA parivartana jJAta hotA hai| saMsAra meM ghaTita pratyeka kriyA-kalApa, ghaTanA kAla/samaya ke pariprekSya meM abhivyakta hotI hai, prakaTa hotI hai| kAla vastuoM, dravyoM ke pariNamana-parivartana meM eka udAsIna sahAyaka hai, nimitta hai| - jainadarzana meM kAla ke mUlataH do bheda mAne gaye haiM - 1. avasarpiNI. kAla va 2. utsarpiNI kaal| jisa kAla meM jIvoM kI Ayu, bala, buddhi, zarIra kI U~cAI, dhana-sampadA, sukha Adi uttarottara ghaTate haiM, hrAsa kI ora unmukha hote haiM usa kAla ko 'avasarpiNI kAla' kahate haiM aura jaba jIvoM kI Ayu Adi meM uttarottara vRddhi hotI hai, vikAsa kI ora unmukhatA hotI hai taba 'utsarpiNI kAla' kahalatA hai| kAla eka cakra (pahiye) kI bhA~ti nirantara gatimAna hai| jaise - eka gatimAna cakra (pahiyA) Upara se nIce - nIce se Upara - isI krama se ghUmatA huA gati karatA hai usI prakAra kAla-cakra bhI gati karate hue Upara arthAt unnati/ vikAsa se nIce avanati/hAsa kI ora AtA hai aura phira nIce arthAt avanati/ hrAsa se Upara unnati/vikAsa kI ora jAtA hai| yaha Upara se nIce arthAt unnati/ vikAsa se avanati/hrAsa kI ora yA sukha se duHkha kI ora agrasara kAla 'avasarpiNI kAla' kahalAtA hai aura avanati/hAsa se unnati/vikAsa kI ora, duHkha se sukha kI ora agrasara kAla 'utsarpiNI kAla' kahalAtA hai| ____ ina donoM kAloM meM unnati/vikAsa va sukhoM ke stara ke anurUpa chaha-chaha upavibhAga mAne gaye haiN| avasarpiNI kAla ke chaha upavibhAga haiM - 1. susamA-susamA, 2. susamA, 3. susamA-dusamA, 4. dusamA-susamA, 5. dusamA aura 6. dusmaa-dusmaa| 'samA' kA artha hai - kAla, smy| 'samA' meM 'su' = acchA va 'du' = burA vizeSaNa lagAne se susamA-dusamA zabda bane haiM, ye vizeSaNayukta zabda svataH

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 75 hI apanA artha spaSTa karate haiN| arthAt jaba acchA samaya, acchA kAla ho taba vaha 'susamA' hai aura jaba burA hai to 'dusamA' hai| inheM bolacAla kI bhASA meM 'sukhamA va dukhamA' bhI kahA jAtA hai, ye zabda bhI apane bhAva ko spaSTa karate haiN| jaba sukha kI ora gati ho taba 'sukhamA' aura jaba duHkha kI ora gati ho to 'duHkhmaa'| gaNanA ke anusAra susamA-susamA ko pahalA kAla, susamA ko dUsarA kAla, susamA-dusamA ko tIsarA kAla, dusamA-susamA ko cauthA kAla, dusamA ko pA~cavA~ kAla tathA dusamA-dusamA ko chaThA kAla bhI kahA jAtA hai| 1. susamA-susamA (sukhamA-sukhamA) isa kAla meM sarvatra sukha hI sukha hotA hai| bhUmi dhUla va kaMTaka Adi se rahita hotI hai| manuSya sadAcArI va nirvyasanI hote haiM, paraspara IrSyA va dveSa rakhanevAle nahIM hote| isa kAla meM parivAra, grAma, nagara Adi kI vyavasthA nahIM hotI, na koI vyApAra Adi hotaa| loga kucha bhI parizrama-kArya Adi nahIM krte| dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSoM dvArA unakI vastra, bhojana, ghara, AbhUSaNa Adi AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ho jAtI hai| loga kalpavRkSoM se apanI AvazyakatA va vAMchA ke anusAra vastu kI yAcanA karate haiM, kalpavRkSa unheM ve sAmagrI pradAna kara dete haiN| isaprakAra isa kAla meM kisI prakAra kA abhAva yA duHkha nahIM hotA, ataH jIva sukha hI sukha kA bhoga karate haiM, isalie yaha kAla uttama bhoga-kAla yA bhoga-bhUmi kahalAtA hai| isa kAla kI avadhi cAra koDAkoDI sAgara hotI hai| isa kAla se deha kI U~cAI, bala, Ayu zanaiH-zanaiH ghaTane lagate haiN| 2. susamA (sukhamA) isa kAla meM bhI jIva sukhapUrvaka rahate haiM, yaha kAla madhyama bhoga-kAla/ bhoga-bhUmi kahA jAtA hai| isa kAla kI avadhi tIna koDAkoDI sAgara hai| 3. susamA-dusamA (sukhamA-dukhamA) isa kAla meM sukha ke sAtha duHkha bhI rahatA hai| yaha jaghanya bhoga-bhUmi/ bhoga-kAla kahalAtA hai| isa kAla kI avadhi do koDAkoDI sAgara hai| yaha kAla

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 bhoga-bhUmi/kAla kI samApti tathA karmabhUmi kI ora agrasara hai| isa kAla meM kalpavRkSa samApta hone lagate haiN| isa kAla kI kucha avadhi (1/8 palya) zeSa rahane para kulakaroM kI utpatti prAraMbha ho jAtI hai, kula caudaha kulakara utpanna hote haiM, jo manuSyoM ko karma dvArA jIvana-yApana kI zikSA dete haiM, naI vyavasthAe~ karate haiN| 4. dusamA-susamA (dukhamA-sukhamA) isa kAla meM sukha kama hone lagate haiM, duHkha bar3hane lagate haiN| kalpavRkSa samApta ho jAte haiN| taba inheM kulakaroM dvArA asi (zastra vidyA), masi (lekhana vidyA), kRSi (khetI), vidyA (gAna-nRtya Adi), vANijya (vyApAra) aura zilpa (hastakalA) ina chaH karmoM ke dvArA jIvana-yApana karanA sikhAyA jAtA hai| isa kAla meM tresaTha zalAkA puruSa - 24 tIrthaMkara, 12 cakravartI, 9 balabhadra, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 pratinArAyaNa janma lete haiN| isa kAla kI avadhi eka koDAkoDI sAgara (meM 42,000 varSa kama) hotI hai| 5. dusamA (dukhamA) ___ isa kAla meM duHkha kI adhikatA hotI jAtI hai| vartamAna meM yahI kAla (avasarpiNI kA paMcama kAla - dusamA) varta rahA hai| isa kAla kI avadhi 21,000 varSa hai| isa avasarpiNI ke antima (caubIsaveM) tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke mokSa prApti ke tIna varSa, ATha mAha va eka pakSa ke pazcAt yaha kAla prAraMbha huA thaa| isa samaya paMcama kAla ke lagabhaga 2537 varSa vyatIta ho cuke haiN| isa kAla meM manuSyoM kI U~cAI, bala va Ayu ghaTatI jAtI hai| adhikatama Ayu 120 varSa tathA U~cAI sAta hAtha taka ho sakatI hai| 6. dusamA-dusamA (dukhamA-dukhamA) isa kAla meM duHkha hI duHkha hotA hai| isa kAla meM agni kA hrAsa ho jAne ke kAraNa manuSya 'kaccA' bhojana hI karate haiM, durAcArI va daridrI hote haiM,

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 vanoM-kandarAoM-parvatoM meM nivAsa karate haiN| unake ghara, vastra, kuTumba-parivAra kucha nahIM hotaa| manuSyoM kI U~cAI ghaTate-ghaTate sAr3he tIna hAtha tathA Ayu 20 varSa taka raha jAtI hai| isa kAla kI avadhi bhI 21,000 varSa hai| yaha kAla avasarpiNI kAla kA antima kAla hotA hai| kAlacakra aba nIce se Upara arthAt avanati se unnati kI ora agrasara hai ataH isake bAda utsarpiNI kAla prAraMbha hogaa| utsarpiNI meM sabase pahale dusamA-dusamA prAraMbha hogA, phira dusamA, dusamA-susamA, susamA-dusamA, susamA aura susamA-susamA hoMge arthAt utsarpiNI meM chaThA, pA~cavA~, cauthA, tIsarA, dUsarA va pahalA yaha krama rahatA hai| isa prakAra kAla sarpa kI cAla se gatimAna hotA hai, saMbhavataH isI kAraNa ise avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kahA jAtA hai| ina donoM kAloM kI samaya-avadhi dasa-dasa koDAkoDI sAgara hai| donoM kAloM kA sammilita samaya 'eka kalpa' kahalAtA hai| isa laghu racanA kI pANDulipi upalabdha karAne ke lie jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti ke saMyojaka evaM apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI ke nidezaka DaoN. kamalacandajI sogAnI kI AbhArI huuN| apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI kI zodha-patrikA 'apabhraMza bhAratI' meM ise prakAzita karane ke lie maiM patrikA ke sampAdaka evaM sampAdaka-maNDala ke prati AbhAra vyakta karatI huuN| hama-Apa isa choTI-sI racanA ko par3heM, kAla/samaya kA svarUpa va gati samajhakara, samaya kA sadupayoga karate hue kAlajayI banane kA prayAsa kareM, usa ora agrasara hoM - yahI bhAvanA hai|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 kAlAvalI kI jayamAla 1. jahiM hohammi bhave bhve| tahi dehammi Nave nnve| dukkha lakkha nninnnnaasnne| bhaMti jiNasAsaNe ch||1|| avaru NiraMtaru ujjhiya gvveN| iya maggevvau maNueM bhvveN||2|| cittu dhutta siddhaMta prmmuhuN| bhavi hou jiNAgame smmuhN||3|| paMciMdiya paDibhaDa valu bhjju| bhavi vimalu buddhi uppjju||4|| visaya-kasAya rAya pricttu| bhave bhavi hou tigutti pyttu||||| AsApAsaNi vaMdhaNu tuttttu| bhave bhavi mohajAlarDa htttt||6|| saMjayasahu saMga sohi ya mle| bhave bhavi jammu hou saavykule||7|| rai ya mUDhaho saMvohaNa maaraa| bhave bhavi risi guru hoMtu bhddaaraa||8|| dINi karuNa uppekkha dyNte| bhavi bhavi rai vuDDau gunnvNte||7|| vaya-joggau sarIru uppjju| bhavi bhave tava-sihi-tAveM chijju||10|| dhaNu pariyaNu puru gharu mA ddhukku| bhave bhave uri uvasama siri thkku||11| Na ramauM NAri-rUve hiyullu| bhavi bhavi hou Nirahu nniisllu||12|| usAriya dahapaMca pmaaeN| bhave bhavi diyahaM jaMtu sjjhaaeN||13||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 artha 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 - bhava bhava meM AzA ke jAla kA baMdhana TUTe (aura) moha kA jAla naSTa hove / bhava-bhava meM zrAvakakula meM (merA) janma ho, caturvidha saMgha ( muni - AryikA, zrAvaka-zrAvikA) kI saMgati hove aura pApa karma (rUpI mala ) saMzodhita hove / bhava bhava meM (mujha jaise ) Asakti meM DUbe hue ( mUr3ha, mugdha) janoM kI mRtyu pUjya RSi - guru ke saMbodhana se (saMbodhanapUrvaka) hove / upekSita bhava-bhava meM guNavAna - dayAvAna ke dvArA dIna- karuNa (dayA ke pAtra ) (janoM) ke prati prema bddh'e| 1.10 bhava bhava meM (mere) vrata (karane ) yogya ( vrata karane meM samartha) zarIra utpanna hove (aura) tapasyA kI agni ke tApa se usa (zarIra) kA viccheda kiyA jAye (arthAt tapasyApUrvaka dehatyAga ho ) / 1.11 (merI) dhana (sthAvara sampatti meM), ghara-parivAra meM adhika pravRtti na hove, bhava bhava meM mana indriya - nigraha kara (niyaMtraNa, saMyama kara), saba chor3akara ( tyAga kara ) sthira hove / 1.9 79 bhava-bhava meM (pratyeka bhava meM) (maiM) jahA~ naI-naI deha meM ( utpanna ) hoU~ vahA~ jinazAsana meM (merI) bhakti hove (aura) duHkha ke vinAza meM lakSya ( hove ) | anya (dUsare) manuSya bhava meM (bhI) mAna (ahaMkAra) se mukta yaha ( jinazAsana hI) nirantara mA~gA jAne yogya hai (mA~gA jAnA cAhiye) / bhava bhava meM (merA) citta vaMcaka ( mAyAvI, dhokhA denevAle) siddhAntoM se udAsIna (vimukha hove ) tathA jinAgama ( jaina zAstroM va jinazAsana) meM abhimukha ( pravRtta) hove / bhava bhava meM (mere) pratipakSI (pratidvandvI, virodhI) paMca - indriyoM kA bala ( sAmarthya) dhvasta hove aura (merI) vimala (zuddha) buddhi utpanna hove / bhava bhava meM mere viSaya - kaSAya-rAga chUTeM (aura) tIna guptiyoM meM (merI) pravRtti hove ( prayatna hove ) / 1.12 nArI ke rUpa meM anurakta (Asakta) na hoU~, (aura) bhava bhava meM mana (antaHkaraNa) zalyarahita, pAparahita (niSkaluSa) hove / 1.13 bhava-bhava meM (mana) pandraha pramAdoM se dUra kiyA huA hove, dina svAdhyAya meM jAve (vyatIta hove ) /

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 dasaNa-NANa-caritta pyaaseN| bhave bhave maraNu hou snnnnaaseN||14|| mittahaM riuhaM visama citthiN| visama parIsaha shnnubbhaashiN| royA taM kahiM kAsahiM saashi||15|| jammaNa-maraNa NivaMdhe aaiu| ema khavijai kammu puraaiu||16|| ghattA- jiha haya NijjharaNe, baddhe caraNe, ravi karehiM saru sosi| tiha Niyamiya karaNe, risi tavacaraNeM, bhava kiu kammu pnnaasi|||| khaMDyaM 2. avsppinni-uvsppinnihiN| chaha bheyahiM jahiM sNtttthiyu| kahi kAlu cakku prmesr| kahiyaha vahaia nnitthtthiyu|||| paramesareNa ravikitti vuttu| paDhamANirDa u suNi eya cittu||||| daha khettahi bhrheraavehiN| avasappiNi uvasappiNi ya hoi||2|| tahiM susamususamu NAmeNa kaali| avayariu pahillau suhvisaalu||3|| tahiM tiSNikosa dehahu pmaannu| Ausu vi tiNNi pallaI viyaannu||4|| tahi kAli sayalu yaha bharahu khettu| kappaDumehiM chAyau vicittu||5|| ravi caMdu karahi tahiM pasaru nnaahiN| kappahumehiM Nara viddhi jaahiN||6|| iha bhoyabhUmi samasarisu aasi| aNuhavahiM jIva vahu suhahaM raasi||7|| taho koDAkoDi cyaarimaannu| sAyarahaM kahiu ju yalahaM pmaannu||8||

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 81 1.14 bhava-bhava meM saMnyAsa dvArA darzana-jJAna-cAritra (kI prApti) ke prayAsa dvArA maraNa hove| 1.15 mitroM ke lie (prati), zatruoM ke lie (prati) aura kaThora cittavAloM ke lie (prati) mana zAMta hove, parISaha (pIr3A), roga (ke hetu) kapha, khA~sI zvAsa (Adi) sahana kiye jaaeN| 1.16 isa prakAra (aise) janma-maraNa-saMyogarUpa saMsAra (evaM) pUrva meM kiye karma naSTa kiye jaayeN| 1.17 ghattA- jisaprakAra sUrya (apane tApa se) tAlAba (ke pAnI) kA zoSaNa karatA hai (sukhAtA hai) usI prakAra saMyama va cAritra meM kuzala (anubhavI), indriya-niyaMtrita kiye hue (arthAt saMyamI) RSi-muni (apanI) tapasyA ke dvArA (pUrva meM) kiye gaye (kiye hue) karmoM kA aura saMsAra kA nAza karate haiN| paramezvara (jinendra bhagavAna) ke dvArA kahA gayA kAlacakra avasarpiNI va utsarpiNI ke chaH bhedoM meM jahA~ kahA~ saMsthita hai vaha samasta abhivyakta hai| 2.1 paramezvara ke dvArA lAyA gayA yaha pramukha (evaM) vistRta (viSaya-prakaraNa) mana se sun| 2.2 bharata aura airAvata (kSetra ke) dasa bhAgoM meM avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla hotA hai| 2.3 vahA~ sabase pahalA vyApaka (atyanta, uttama) sukhavAlA 'susama-susama' nAmavAlA kAla utpanna huaa| 2.4 usa (kAla) meM manuSyoM kI deha kA pramANa (AkAra) tIna kosa aura Ayu . tIna palya jaano| 2.5 usa kAla meM yaha samasta bharatakSetra adbhuta kalpavRkSoM dvArA AcchAdita thaa| 2.6 (usa kAla meM) vahA~ sUrya va candramA prasAra nahIM karate, manuSya kalpavRkSoM dvArA hI vRddhi/vikAsa ko prApta karate haiN| 2.7 (usa samaya) yaha bhogabhUmi zAMta aura samarUpa (utpAtahIna) thI, (jahA~) jIva atyanta sukha-rAzi (Ananda-samUha) kA anubhava karate haiN| 2.8 usa kAla kA pramANa (samaya kI avadhi) cAra koDAkoDI sAgara'-parimANa kahA gayA hai| 1. eka karor3a ko eka karor3a se guNA karane para Agata phala (saMkhyA) eka koDAkoDI kahalAtA hai|

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82 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 ghattA- AharaNa vihUsiya dehhiN| vilasahi mihuNai viviha suhu| Navi kohu mohu bhau aavi| Navi jara-maraNa akAli tho|||(1) 3. taho kAlaho pachai susamu kaalu| uppaNNu Asi vahu suha visaalu|||| uccattu Asi dui kosa dehu| Navi iTTha-viu Na kohu moh||2|| pallopama tahi dui Asi aau| jaNu vasai sayalu suha jaNiya bhaau||3|| - so koDAkoDiu tiNNi jaam| sAyarahi kahiu iha bharahi taam||4|| daha bheya kappatara vara vicitt| AhAra dehiM divi divi nniciNtt|||| sejjAsaNu taravara kevi diti| ujjou kei rayaNihiM krNti||6|| khajjUra dAkha vaha rasa suyNdhu| taru dehiM ma ju juyalahiM suyNdhu||7|| solaha AharaNa pamANa ghddiyaa| saMpADahiM taruvara rayaNa jddiyaa||8|| NANA payAru parimalu vhNtu| tahaM dehi vattha juyalahaM mhNtu||7|| ghattA-jaM aNNa bhavaMtari bhaaveN| dANu supattahaM dinnnnu| taM kappamahAtaru vesiN| titthu puNNi uppnnnnuN||101(2)

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 2.9 ghattA- (taba) strI-puruSa kA jor3A (yugala, mithuna) AbhUSaNa-vibhUSita deha ke dvArA vividha sukha bhogatA hai| unake krodha, moha, bhaya prApta nahIM hotA, na hI unake vRddhAvasthA va akAlamaraNa hotaa| 3.1 usa kAla ke bAda sukhamA (susamA) kAla utpanna huA (jisameM) atyanta vizAla (vyApaka) sukha huaa| 3.2 (usa kAla meM manuSya kI) U~cAI do kosa thii| (taba unake) na hI iSTa kA viyoga thA na krodha (aura) moha (mUr3hatA, ajJAna) thaa| 3.3 vahA~ (manuSyoM kI) Ayu do palya thI, saba jana sukha se utpanna bhAva se . (sukhapUrvaka, saMtoSapUrvaka) rahate the| 3.4 taba bharatakSetra meM vaha (kAla) tIna koDAkoDI sAgara pramANa kahA gayA hai| 3.5 (taba) dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSa (the, jo) pratidina zreSTha (uttama), adbhuta AhAra dete the (jisase loga) pratidina nizcinta/cintArahita rahate the| 3.6 kitane hI (koI) uttama vRkSa (kalpavRkSa) ghara, zaiyA, dhAnya (Adi) dete, kitane hI rAta meM prakAza krte| 3.7 (kitane hI/koI kalpavRkSa) bahuta rasa aura sugaMdhayukta khajUra (chuArA), dAkha (Adi khAdyapadArtha) dete, (koI) yugaloM ko uttama AhAra dete| 3.8 ve (koI) uttama vRkSa (kalpavRkSa) vAMchA ke anusAra prArthita (cAhe hue) ratnajaTita va nirmita solaha parimANa (saMkhyA taka) AbhUSaNa dete| 3.9 vahA~ yugala (apanI) deha para nAnA prakAra ke sugaMdhita dravya va uttama vastra dhAraNa krte| 3.10 ghattA- (ina) mahAna kalpavRkSa-kAla meM utpanna hone ke lie dUsare/anya (pUrva ke) bhavAntara meM supAtroM ke lie jo kucha bhAva se (bhAvapUrvaka) diyA gayA dAna, (kiyA gayA) puNya (va) tIrtha hI kAraNa hai (yahI) vizeSarUpa se vAMchanIya hai|

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84 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 4. uppaNNau tijjau kAlu Asi / kiMcUNa kiMppi so sukkharAsi / / 1 / / to susamudusamu ihu kahiu jAu / jaNu kAlavaseM maNe kisiya kAu / / 2 / / tahi ekka pallu Avasu kahaMti / avasANi piMDu chiMkai muyaMti // 3 // uppajahi jAyavi sagga loi / pallopama Ausu ekka hoi ||4|| je jayala bhoyabhUmihi maraMti / khIrovahi piMDu viMtara khivNti||5|| avasappiNi AyahiM tiNNi kAla / vara bhoyabhUmisama suha visAla / / 6 / / avasappiNNie avasANi hoMti / vaDhattu Au suhu aNuhavaMti / / 7 / uccatta Asi tahi kAli kosu / gau koDAkoDiu dui asesu // 8 // ghattA- avasANi tAsu vahu lkkhnn| kula guNa Naya saMpuNNa / iha bharahi cauddaha kulyr| Asi puvvi uppaNNa / / 1 / / (3) 5. kulayarahaM Nivesiya desagAma / kula gota sIma kiya pura pgaam|| 1 / / parigaliya tiNNi tahi kAla em| aNukammeNa bharahi avayariya jema // 2 // cautha puNu kAlu kameNa Au / uppaNNu jaNaho tahi dhamma bhAu / / 3 / / to dusamususamu ihu gAu kahiu / vA yAla varisa sahasehiM rahiu / / 4 / / so ekka koDikoDihiM vUhu / sAyarahaM gaNiu kAlahaM samUha ||5|

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 4.1 (phira) tIsarA kAla prAraMbha / utpanna huA / ( isa kAla meM) vaha sukharAzi kucha kama huii| 4.2 usa (kAla) kA 'susamA - dusamA' (sukhamA dukhamA) yaha nAma kahA gyaa| ( taba / isa kAla meM) kAla ke vaza se (prabhAva se) loga kSINakAya (durbala) hue / 4.3 vahA~ Ayu (par3Ava, asthAyI nivAsa) eka palya kI kahate haiN| (Ayu ke) avasAna meM / para (loga) chIMkate hue deha chor3ate haiM ( marate haiN)| 85 4.4 (ve) svargaloga meM jAkara utpanna hote haiM, ( vahA~ unakA ) AvAsa (Ayu) eka palyopama hotA hai| 4.5 jo yugala bhogabhUmi meM marate haiM (unakI) deha (zarIra) ko vyaMtara jAti ke deva kSIrasAgara meM DAlate haiN| 4.6 avasarpiNI kAla ke Ane para tIsarA kAla bhogabhUmi ke tulya / samAna zreSTha (uttama) va vizAla sukhavAlA hotA hai| 4.7 avasarpiNI ke avasAna para ( anta meM) vikAsa (vRddhi) Ayu, sukha (Adi) alpa ho jAte haiM (hote jAte haiM) / 4.8 taba / usa (kAla) meM manuSyoM kI Ayu (va) lambAI kama ( patita ) ho gaI aura isa prakAra saMpUrNa do koDAkoDI (sAgara kA samaya) vyatIta ho gayA / ghattA - usa (kAla) ke anta meM isa bharatakSetra meM vizeSa, kula, guNoMyuktiyoM - lakSaNoM se sampanna, pUrvoM (zAstroM, Agama granthoM) ke jJAtA caudaha kulakara utpanna hue| 5.1 kulakaroM ke dvArA pahale icchAnukUla janapada, grAma, kSetra, vaMza -kula- gotra ( Adi) sthApita kiye gaye / 4.9 5.2-3 bharata kSetra meM isa prakAra tadanusAra anukrama se tIsarA kAla ( susamA - dusamA ) samApta huA, taba krama se cauthA kAla aayaa| vahA~ logoM meM dharma-bhAva utpanna huaa| 5.4 usa (kAla) kA 'dusamA - susamA' (dukhamA - sukhamA ) yaha nAma kahA gyaa| yaha kAla sahasroM varSoM (taka) rhaa| 5.5 kAla kA vaha samUha eka koDAkoDI sAgara kI gaNanA kA kahA gyaa|

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86 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 uppaNNu titthu titthayara dev| cakkesara halahara mahisa sev||6|| tikhaMDaNAha paDivAsu dev| cauvIsa mahAtahi kaamdev||7|| Agama purANa causaTThi bhey| kevali paramesara risi anney||8|| Nava NArAiNa eyAraha vi rudd| upapaNNa payaDa jiha jagi smudd||7|| ghattA- halahara kesvkitti| dhamma payattaNa titthi| aisaya kevlnnaann| i huvaI kAli cutthi||10||(4) paMcamau kAlu dUsamU ruddu| hoesai bhAriu duha smmuhu||||| tahiM dukkhiya hosai loya taam| gaya varisa sahasa ikavIsa jaam||2|| uccattu titthu AhuThTha htth| vIsahi vIsAsau nnirtt||3|| kaMdala piya Naravai atthluddh| hoesahiM avaropparu skuddh||4|| luTTesahi paTTaNa gaamdes| daMDIsahiM pAmara jaNa ases||5|| kaMdara giri vaNa caravaNa pvesi| Nivasesahi Nara michA hi desi||6|| uvvasaho esa hi vi viha gaam| AsAtara vara hosahi pgaam||7|| bhaMjesahi maDha devala vihaar| pUresahi saravara jala apaar||8|| ghattA- jaNu hosai duTTa he bhttu| jIva vahesai paavmi| uvahAsu karesahi jinnvrho| paradhaNa mahilA stti||9||(5)

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 87 5.6-7 vahA~ tIrtha ke pravartaka deva (tIrthaMkara), caturvidha saMgha, cakravartI, baladeva (haladhara), tIna khaMDa pRthvI ke nAtha/rAjA (ardhacakravartI), prativAsudeva (aura) caubIsa zreSTha kAmadeva utpanna hue| 5.8-9 (taba) cauMsaTha prakAra (bhedoMvAlA) Agama-purANa, aneka ke vali paramezvara (aura) RSi (hue), (tathA) nau nArAyaNa, gyAraha rudra saMsAra-samudra meM prakaTa hue| 5.10 ghattA- isa prakAra cauthA kAla baladeva, nArAyaNa, dharma, tIrtha (va) kevalajJAna se paripUrNa hotA hai (huaa)| 6.1 pA~cavA~ 'dusamA' (dukhamA) kAla bhISaNa (bhayaMkara, dAruNa) kaSTakara, duHkhoM kA sAgara hogaa| 6.2 jaba taka ikkIsa hajAra varSa vyatIta (hoMge) taba taka vahA~ loga duHkhI hoNge| 6.3 vahA~ (manuSyoM kI) U~cAI sAr3he tIna hAtha (hogii)| Ayu eka sau bIsa varSa (adhikatama) (hogI) (loga) atyadhika Asakti-yukta (hoNge)| 6.4 rAjA kalahapriya, dhana ke lobhI hoMge aura eka-dUsare para/paraspara krodhayukta hoNge| 6.5 saba paraspara grAma, deza, pattana (Adi) lUTeMge, ajJAnIjana pratAr3ita kiye jaayeNge| 6.6 manuSya (paraspara) dveSa karanevAle hoMge, jhUThe hoMge; kaMdarAoM (guphAoM) meM, 'pahAr3oM meM praveza karanevAle, ghUmanevAle, nivAsa karanevAle hoNge| 6.7 mArga, gA~va, janapada nirjana hoNge| (unameM) AzA (va) kAmanA (icchA) kA vega-bala atyadhika hogaa| 6.8 (loga) mandira, upAzraya, maThoM ko bhagna (vinaSTa) kreNge| sarovara athAha jala se bhareMge (arthAt ativRSTi se bAr3ha aayegii)| 6.9 ghattA- loga duSTa hoMge, pApayukta hoMge; jIvoM kA vadha kareMge, (unheM) pIr3A phuNcaayeNge| jinavara kA upahAsa kreNge| paradhana va paranArI para Asakta / lolupa hoNge|

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88 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 7. ai dUsamu dussumu bhIma kaalu| hoesai chaTThau duha visaalu||||| solaha saMvachara Au titthu| uccattu vi hosai ekka htthu||2|| tahi kAli NAhi vau Niyamu dhmmu| jaNu sayalu karesai asuha kmmu||3|| Nivasesai giri-guh-kNdrehi| jala thala duggaM mi vnnNtrehi||4|| dhaNa dhaNNarahiya duvvala sriir| AhAra kaMda uMvara kriir||5|| kaya vikkaya vara vavahAra cukk| rasa tela hINa paMgu rnnmukk||6|| kammaha aNiTTa pAviTTha dutttth| galigaMDa vAhi saMgahiya dhitttth||7|| khara pharasa paropara appa citt| hosai avaropparu kuhiya gtt||8|| dhammattha vivajjiya dukkhjaalu| chaTThau ai dUsaha kahiu kaalu||7|| ghattA- igavIsa sahAsai vrisi| tAsu pamANu pyaasiu| chaha kAlau ehu smaa| mANu jiNiMdeM bhaasiyu||10||(6) iti kAlAvali kI jayamAla

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 89 7.1 (phira) chaThA 'dusama - dusama' (dukhamA dukhamA) kAla atyanta bhISaNa, duHkhabharA hogaa| 7.2 vahA~ (manuSyoM kI) Ayu solaha varSa aura U~cAI eka hAtha hogii| usa kAla meM vrata, niyama, dharma nahIM hogA; saba loga azubha karma kreNge| 7.4 loga parvata-guphA meM, durgama jala-thala meM, vana ke bhItara nivAsa kreNge| 7.5 (loga) dhana-dhAnya se rahita, durbala zarIravAle ( hoMge), (ve) kandamUla, udumbara, karIra (Adi jaMgalI vRkSoM ke phaloM) kA AhAra kreNge| 7.3 7.6 (loga) kraya-vikraya (vyApAra) se, zreSTha vyavahAra se bhraSTa / cyuta ( hoMge), snehaprema se rahita, vikalAMga (paMgu ) va palAyanavAdI hoNge| 7.7 (loga) pApI, duSTa, durvinIta, aniSTa karma karanevAle, DhITha (tathA) rogavyAdhi se yukta hoNge| 7.8 (ve) Apasa meM / paraspara kaThora, niSThura va alpabuddhi (jJAna) hoMge, paraspara kutsita mana va zarIravAle hoNge| 7.9 dharma se rahita yaha chaThA kAla atyanta duHkha kA jAla kahA gayA hai| 7.10 ghattA - isakA parimANa ikkIsa hajAra varSa kahA gayA hai| jinendra (bhagavAna) ke dvArA kahe gaye ye chaH kAla saMkSepa meM smjho| iti kAlAvalI kI jayamAla

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90 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 zabdArtha 1.1 artha jahA~, jisameM hoU~gA bhava-bhava meM vahA~ zabda jahiM hohammi bhave-bhave tahi dehammi Nave-Nave dukkha lakkha NiNAsaNe hou bhaMti jiNasAsaNe avaru NiraMtara ujjhiya gavheM deha meM naye-naye/naI-naI duHkha (ke) lakSya vinAza meM/vinAza ke lie hove 1.2 bhakti/zraddhA jinazAsana meM anya, dUsare niraMtara, vyavadhAna-rahita parityakta, vimukta mAna se, ahaMkAra se iya maggevau maNueM bhabveM 1.3 cittu mA~gA jAnA cAhiye manuSya bhava meM citta, mana vaMcaka, dhokhA denevAle siddhAnta vimukha, udAsIna bhava-bhava meM dhutta siddhata parammuhuM bhavi-bhavi hou jiNAgame sammuhuM paMcidiya hove jaina-zAstroM meM sammukha, abhimukha pA~coM indriyoM (sparzana-tvacA, rasanA-jIbha, ghrANa-nAka, cakSu-A~kha va zrota-kAna) 1.4

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 vimalu hou paDibhaDa pratipakSa kA yoddhA (duzmana) valu bala, sAmarthya bhajjau dhvasta hove, naSTa hove bhave-bhavi bhava-bhava meM (janma-janma meM) nirmala, zuddha, malarahita buddhi buddhi uppajjau utpanna hove 1.5 visaya indriyoM dvArA grahaNa kiye jAnevAle padArtha kasAya krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ye cAra durguNa rAya rAga, Asakti paricattau tyAga, chor3anA bhave-bhavi bhava-bhava meM hove tigutti tIna gupti (mana, vacana, kAya kA gopana, saMyama) payattau prayatna, pravRtti 1.6 AsApAsaNi AzA' kA jAla (vastuoM kI prApti kI icchAoM kA jAla) baMdhaNu baMdhana tuTTau TUTe, naSTa hove bhave-bhavi bhava-bhava meM mohajAla moha (ajJAnatA) kA jAla haTTara naSTa hove 1.7 saMjaya-sahu muni-AryikA, zrAvaka-zrAvikA kA (caturvidha) saMgha saMga saMgati, saMsarga saMzodhita, zuddha kiyA huA ya aura male ba~dhA huA karma bhave-bhavi bhava-bhava jammu janma (utpatti) 1. viSaya = indriyoM ke dvArA grahaNa kiye jAnevAle padArthoM kI ruci| 2. kaSAya = jo AtmA ko kRSa kare, duHkha de, jaise - krodha-mAna-mAyA va lobh| 3. AzA = vastuoM kI prApti kI icchaa| sohi

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92 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 hou sAvayakule rai ya mU saMvohaNa mArA bhave - bhavi risi guru hoM bhaDArA dINi karuNa upekkha yaMta bhavi bhavi rai vuDhau guNavaMta vaya - jogAu sarIru uppajjau - bhavi bhave tava-sihi-tAveM chijjau dhaNu pariyaNu puru gharu mA dukkau hove zrAvaka kula meM Asakti pAdapUraka avyaya Asakti (moha) meM DUbA huA, mugdha saMbodhana, jJAna mRtyu bhava bhava meM RSi-muni guru hoveM pUjya dIna dayA ke pAtra upekSita jana dayAvAna ke dvArA bhava bhava meM prema bar3he guNavAna ke dvArA vrata- yogya, vrata karane meM samartha zarIra, deha utpanna hove bhava bhava meM tapasyA kI agni ke tApa dvArA viccheda kiyA jAya dhana (meM) parivAra pracura, adhika ghara nahIM pravRtti karanA, praveza karanA apabhraMza bhAratI 21

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 uri . hove Nirahu bhave-bhave bhava-bhava meM mana uvasama indriya-nigraha, saMyama siri chor3akara thakkau sthira hove 1.12 Na na, nahIM ramauM anurakta hoU~, Asakta hoU~ NAri-rUve nArI ke rUpa-saundarya meM hiyaullau mana, antaHkaraNa bhavi-bhavi bhava-bhava meM hou pAparahita, niSkaluSa (niragha-niagha) NIsallau nizalya, zalyarahita 1.13 IsAriya dUra kiyA huA daha-paMca dasa aura pA~ca, kula pandraha pamAe~ pramAda se bhave-bhavi bhava-bhava meM, janma-janma meM diyahaM dina jAveM, vyatIta hoveM sajjhAeM svAdhyAya meM dasaNa darzana NANa jJAna caritta cAritra payAmeM prayAsa ke dvArA bhave-bhave bhava-bhava meM, janma-janma meM maraNu mRtyu hove saNNAseM saMnyAsa ke dvArA, saMnyAsa meM 1.15 mittahaM mitroM ke lie (prati) riuhaM zatruoM ke lie (prati) visama-cittahiM viSama-kaThora cittavAloM ke lie (prati) 1. zalya = mana ko pIr3A denevAlA bhaav| jaMtu hou

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94 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 aura sama zAnta pIr3A, kaSTa sahana karanA parIsaha sahaNubbhAsahiM (sahaNa + unbhAsahiM) royA roga (ke) kAraNa, hetu kapha meM khA~sI zvAsa kahiM kAsahiM sAsahiM jammaNa maraNa NibaMdhe 1.16 janma maraNa saMyoga saMsAra Aiu ema aise naSTa kiye jAyeM karma khavijjai kammu purAiu 1.17 ghattA jiha NijjharaNe vaddhe caraNe ravi karehiM pUrva meM kiye hue jisa prakAra vinaSTa jIrNa, purAnA anubhavI, kuzala saMyama-cAritra meM sUrya karate haiM tAlAba zoSaNa karanA, sukhAnA saru sosai tiha Niyamiya vaise karaNe niyaMtrita indriyoM (dvArA) RSi, tapasvI risi

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 95 tapa ke AcaraNa se, tapasyA se saMsAra, janma kiye hue karma nAza karatA hai avasarpiNIutsarpiNI ke chaha bheda tavacaraNe bhava kira kammu paNAsa sukhamA sukhamA avasappiNiuvasappiNihiM chaha bheyahiM jahiM saMTThiyau kahi kAlu-cakku paramesara kahiyau vahaia NiTThiyau 2.1 paramesareNa ravi-kitti jahA~ saMsthita haiM kahA~ kAla-cakra, samaya kA cakra paramezvara kahA gayA, kahA huA paryApta samagra abhivyakta paramezvara ke dvArA vistAra se kahA gayA (rava-kahanA, kitti-vistAra) vRtAnta, viSaya-prakaraNa vuttu paDhamANiu paDhama+ANiu pramukha evaM lAyA huA pAdapUraka avyaya suna yaha citta se, mana se dasa kSetroM meM suNi eya cittu daha khettahiM | bharaherAvaehiM | bharaha+erAvaehiM 2.2 bharata aura airAvata ke

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96 2.3 2.4 2.5 avasappiNi uvasappaNi ya hoi hiM susamu-susamu NAmeNa kAli avayariu pahillAu suha visAlu tarhi tiNNa kosa dehu pamANu Ausu do vi tiNNi pallaI viyANu tahi kAli sayalu yahu bharahu khettu kappa chAyau vicittu avasarpiNI utsarpiNI aura hote haiM taba suSamu- suSamu (sukhamA - sukhamA) nAma se kAla / samaya AyA pahalA, prathama sukha uttama vyApaka usa (kAla) meM tIna ko deha kA pramANa (AkAra) AyuSya, Ayu bhI tIna palya jAno usa kAla meM samasta yaha bharata kSetra kalpavRkSoM dvArA AcchAdita adbhuta apabhraMza bhAratI 21

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 2.6 ravi - caMdu karahi tahiM pasaru NAhiM kappadumehi Nara viddhi jAhiM sUrya-candramA karate haiM vahA~ prasAra, phailanA nahIM kalpavRkSoM dvArA manuSya samRddhi prApta hote haiM 2.7 iha yaha bhogabhUmi zAMta samarUpa thI bhoyabhUmisamasarisu Asi aNuhavahiM jIva vahu suhaharAsi 2.8 taho koDAkoDi cayArimANu sAyarahaM kahiu anubhava karate haiM jIva bahuta sukha kI rAzi taba koDokoDI cAra-parimANa (mApa) saMkhyA sAgara kI kahI gaI pAdapUraka kAla kA pramANa (AkAra) AbhUSaNa vibhUSita, sajA huA deha ke dvArA 2.9 ghattA yalahaM yAlahaM pamANu AharaNa vihUsiya dehahiM

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98 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 vilasahi mihuNai viviha Navi kohu mohu bhau Avai Navi jara maraNa-akAli bhogatA hai strI-puruSa kA yugma, jor3A, yugala vibhinna prakAra ke sukha na hI krodha moha bhaya prApta hotA hai, AtA hai na hI jarA (bur3hApA). akAla-maraNa (akAla meM maraNa) unakA taho sukhamA 3.1 taho kAlaho pachai susamu kAlu uppaNNu Asi usa (ke) kAla ke pazcAt, bAda (sukhamA) suSamA kAla utpanna huA (thA) huA bahuta sukha vyApaka, uttama U~cAI vahu suha visAlu 3.2 thI uccatu Asi dui kosa veda Navi kosa zarIra, deha na hI iSTa, priya kA, vAMchita viyoga viuMDa

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 krodha moha kohu mohu pallopama tahi 3.3 palyopama (mApa vizeSa) vahA~ Asi Au jaNu vasai sayalu suha-jaNiya bhAu 3.4 koDAkoDiu tiNNi jAma sAyarahi kahiu iha bharahi Ayu loga (jana) rahate haiM samasta sukha se utpanna bhAva vaha (kAla/samaya) koDAkoDI tIna parimANa sAgara kahA gayA isa bharata kSetra meM usa samaya dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSa zreSTha adbhuta bhojana, AhAra dete haiM pratidina nizcinta, cintArahita tAma 3.5 daha bheya kappatara vara vicitta AhAra dehiM divi-divi NiciMta

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100 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 3.6 sejjA saNu tara-vara ke vi diti ujjou kei rayaNihiM karaMti khajUra dAkha ghara zaiyA zreSTha vRkSa/kalpavRkSa koI, kitane hI dete prakAza kitane hI rAta meM karate haiM chuhArA, khajUra (phala) dAkha (phala) bahuta rasayukta, rasIle sugaMdha yukta 3.7 vahu rasa suyaMdhu taru vRkSa dehiM 3.8 juyalahiM suyaMdhu su+aMdhu solaha AharaNa pamANa ghaDiyA saMpADahiM taruvara rayaNa-jaDiyA dete haiM pAdapUraka pAdapUraka avyaya yugaloM ko uttama AhAra solaha (prakAra ke) AbhUSaNa parimANa ghar3e hue, nirmita prArthita vastu dete uttama vRkSa, kalpavRkSa ratnajaTita, ratna jar3e hue aneka prakAra ke kuMkuma Adi sugaMdhita padArtha/dravya dhAraNa karate 3.9 NANA payAru parimalu vahaMtu

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 101 taha dehi vattha juyalahaM mahaMtu 3.10 ghattA jaM aNNabhavaMtari bhAveM dANu supattahaM diNNau vahA~ deha para vastra yugala (strI-puruSa ke jor3e) uttama, zreSTha jo kucha anya bhavAntara meM bhAva se, bhAvapUrvaka dAna supAtroM ke lie diyA gayA kAraNa mahAna kalpavRkSa vizeSa rUpa se vAMchanIya tIrtha puNya utpanna hone ke lie kappa-mahAtaru versi titthu puNNi uppaNNauM sukhamA-dukhamA 4.1 uppaNNau tijjau kAlu Asi kiMcUNa utpanna (huA) tIsarA kAla huA kucha (thor3A) kama kiMppi kucha bhI so sukkha-rAsi vaha sukha-samUha, sukharAzi usa (kAla) kA sukhamA-dukhamA 4.2 taho susamu-dusamu yaha kahiu kahA gayA

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102 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 NAu jaNu kAlavaseM maNe kisiya kAu tahi 4.3 ekka pallu Avasu kahaMti avasANi nAma loga kAla ke vaza (kAla ke prabhAva se) vimarzasUcaka avyaya durbala kAyA vahA~ eka palya avasthAna/Ayu/par3Ava kahate haiM avasAna para (anta meM) deha ko chIMkate (hue) marate haiM / chor3ate haiM utpanna hotA hai jAkara svarga loka meM palyopama piMDu chikai 4.4 muyaMti upajjahi jAyavi sagga-loi pallopama Ausu ekka hoi Ayu eka hotI hai 4.5 jo juyala bhoyabhUmihi maraMti khIrovahi yugala (jor3A) bhogabhUmi meM marate haiM kSIra-samudra meM deha, zarIra vyantara jAti ke deva DAlate haiM piMDu vitara khivaMti

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 ghattA avasappiNi' AyahiM tiNNikAla vara bhoyabhUmi sama suha visAla avasappaNi avasANi hoMti vaDhattu Au suhu aNu havaMti uccatta Asi tahi kAli ko gau koDA koDiu dui asesu avasANi tAsu vahu avasarpiNI (kAla ke) Agamana para tIsarA kAla zreSTha bhogabhUmi (ke) samAna sukha vyApaka, adhika apasarpiNI ke avasAna (samApti) para hote haiM vikAsa Ayu sukha alpa, kama hote haiM patita ( kama ) hue taba Ayu laMbAI (parimANa) vyatIta ho gayA, bIta gayA koDAkoDI do pUrNa, pUrA, saMpUrNa anta meM usa (kAla) ke bahuta 103 1. aisA kAla jisameM jIvoM (manuSya, tiryaMca Adi) kI Ayu, bala, U~cAI, sampadA Adi ghaTane lagatI hai, vaha kAla avasarpiNI kahalAtA hai, jisa kAla meM inameM vRddhi hotI hai vaha utsarpiNI kahalAtA hai|

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104 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 lakkhaNa lakSaNa kula guNa kula guNa Naya yukti saMpuNNa iha bharahi cauddaha kulayara Asi sampanna yahA~/isa bharata kSetra meM caudaha kulakara hue puvvi 'pUrva' zAstroM ke jAnakAra utpanna hue uppaNNa dukhamA-sukhamA 5.1 kulayarahaM Nivesiya desa-gAma kulakaroM ke dvArA sthApita deza (janapada) (va) grAma kula, vaMza gotra kula gota sIma kSetra kiya kiye prAraMbha meM/pahale icchAnukUla kSINa huA/samApta huA tIsarA 5.2 taba pura pagAma parigaliya tiNNi tahi kAla ema aNukammeNa bharahi avayariya kAla isaprakAra anukrama se bharata kSetra meM avatarita huA, AyA tadanusAra (avyaya) jema

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 105 5.3 cauthau puNu kAlu kameNa Au uppaNNu jaNaho vahi dhammabhAu taho dusamu-susamu cauthA phira kAla krama se AyA utpanna huA logoM meM vahA~ dharma-bhAva usa (kAla) kA dukhamA-sukhamA 5.4 yaha NAu kahiu vA nAma kahA gayA pAdapUraka avyaya kAla varSa sahasroM yAla varisa sahasehiM rahiu rahA 5.5 so vaha ekka koDikoDihiM sAyaraha gaNiu kAlahaM samUha uppaNNu titthu titthayara-deva cakkesara eka koDAkoDI kahI gaI sAgara kI gaNanA kAla kA samUha utpanna hue caturvidha saMgha tIrthaMkara-deva cakravartI 5.6

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106 5.7 5.8 5.9 halahara mahisa (mahIsa) seva tikhaMDaNA ha paDavAsudeva cauvIsa mahA tahi kAmadeva Agama purANa caTThiya kevali paramesara risi aya Nava NArAiva eyAraha haladhara, baladeva rAjA sevya (sevA karane yogya) tIna khaNDa ke nAtha rudda uppaNNa payau jiha jagi samudda prativAsudeva caubIsa mahAna, zreSTha vahA~ kAmadeva Agama, dharma grantha purANa cauMsaTha bhedoMvAlA kevali, kevalajJAna se yukta paramezvara RSi aneka nau nArAyaNa gyAraha aura apabhraMza bhAratI 21 rudra utpanna hue prakaTa, pratyakSa vAkyAlaMkAra saMsAra svara ke hasva, samudra 1. a, i, u, R, lR, e, ai, o, au ina dIrgha va pluta anusAra (3x9 =) 27 bheda; teMtIsa vyaMjana; anusvAra, visarga va do upadhmAnIya ye cAra ayogavAha akSara, isaprakAra 27 + 33 + 4 = 64 cauMsaTha akSaroMvAlA / jainendra siddhAnta koza, 1.32,33

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 5.10 ghattA halahara dukhamA 6.1 6.2 6.3 kesavakitti dhamma-payattaNa titthai aisaya kevalaNANai huvaI kAli cautthai paMcamu kAlu dUsamu uhu hoesai bhAriu duha- sammuddu dukkhiya hosa loya tAma gaya varisa sahasa ikkIsa jAma uccattu titthu Ahu hattha je baladeva vAsudeva / nArAyaNa dharma-pravartana (Age bar3hatA huA ) tIrtha paripUrNa, bharA huA kevalajJAna huA kAla meM cauthe pA~cavA~ kAla dukhamA dAruNa/ bhISaNa hogA kaSTakara duHkha kA samudra vahA~ duHkhI hoMge loga taba taka vyatIta, ( bItane taka) varSa hajAra ikkIsa jaba taka U~cAI vahA~ sAr3he tIna hAtha pAdapUraka avyaya 107

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108 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 vIsahi' (vAsahi) vIsA u (vIsA + sau) Niratta kaMdala - piya Naravai atthaluddha hoesa hiM avarodhaka sakuddha luTTesahi paTTaNa gAma desa daMDIsahi pAmarajaNa asesa kaMdara giri vaNa caravaNa pavesi vi Nara michA hi desi uvvasaho ( AvAsa karanA) Ayu eka sau bIsa (varSa) atyadhika Asakti yukta kalaha-priya rAjA artha (dhana) ke lobhI / lolupa hoMge paraspara, Apasa meM yuk lUTeMge nagara grAma janapada pratAr3ita kiye jAyeMge ajJAnI jana saba kaMdarA - guphA parvata vana, jaMgala gamana karanA praveza karanevAle nivAsa kareMge loga asala, jhUThe vAkyAlaMkAra dveSa karanevAle nirjana esa janapada hi padapUrti 1. yahA~ 'vAsahi' zabda upayukta hogaa| apabhraMza bhAratI 21

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 viviha gAma AsAtara 6.8 6.9 ghattA vara hosa pagAma bhaMjesahi maDha devala vihAra pUresahi saravara jala apAra hosai duTTha he bhatta jIva vasaI pAvamai uvahAsu karesahi jiNavaraho para-dhaNa mahilA sattai dukhamA- dukhamA 7.1 ai dusamu-dussamu bhIma kAlu vibhinna grAma icchAoM kA vega prabala hogA atyadhika vinAza kareMge ( naSTa kareMge) maTha (saMnyAsiyoM ke nivAsa sthala) mandira, devAlaya upAzraya bhareMge sarovara jala athAha, adhika loga hoMge duSTa he svAmI jIvoM kA ( ko ) vadha kareMge, mAreMge pApayukta upahAsa kareMge jinavara kA para-dhana (aura) (para) nArI ( ke prati ) Asakta (hoMge) atyadhika dukhamA dukhamA bhISaNa samaya 109

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110 apabhraMza bhAratI 21 duha 7.2 uccattu 7.3 hoesai hogA chaTThau chaThA duHkha visAlu atyanta solaha solaha saMvachara varSa Au Ayu titthu vahA~ U~cAI vi pAdapUraka hosai hogI ekka eka hatthu hAtha tahi vahA~, usa kAli kAla meM NAhi vau vrata niyama dhammu dharma jaNu loga sayalu karesai kareMge asuha azubha kammu karma Nivasesai nivAsa kareMge giri-guha-kaMdarehiM parvata-guphA-kandarAoM meM jala jala thala sthala durgama pAdapUraka vaNaMtarehi vanoM ke bhItara nahIM BEJDE Itseftershat Niyamu 7.4 duggaM

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apabhraMza bhAratI 21 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 dhaNa-dharahiya duvvala sarIra AhAra kaMda uMvara karIra ka - vikka vara vavahAra- cukka rasa tela hINa paMgu raNamukka kammaha aNiTTha pAviTTha duTTha galagaMDa vAhi saMgahiya dhiTTha khara pharasa paropara appa citta hosaI avaropparu kuhiya ku+i gatta dhana-dhAnya se rahita durbala zarIra AhAra - bhojana kaMda phala udambara phala jaMgalI vRkSoM ke (phala) kraya-vikraya (vyApAra) zreSTha vyavahAra se cyuta/ bhraSTa prema sneha rahita, nyUna vikalAMga palAyanavAdI karma aniSTa, apriya atyanta pApI duSTa durvinIta (vinayarahita) vyAdhi saMgrahita DhITha (dhRSTa) niSThura kaThora Apasa meM / paraspara alpa-kama buddhi, jJAna hoMge paraspara kutsita mana deha 111

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112 7.9 dhammattha vivajjiya dukkhajAlu chaTThau ai dUhu kahiu kAlu 7.10 ghattA igavIsa sahAsai varisai tAsu pamANu payAsiu chaha kAlahu ehu samAseM mANu jiNideM bhAsiyau dharma se rahita duHkha kA jAla chaThA ati, bahuta dukhapUrNa / asahya dukhavAlA kahA gayA kAla, samaya ika + bIsa = ikkIsa hajAra varSa usakA parimANa prasiddha hai (spaSTa hai) cha kAla saMkSepa meM samajho jinendra ke dvArA (iti kAlAvali kI jayamAla ) apabhraMza bhAratI 21 apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI jayapura

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