Granth Ane Granthkar Pustak 01

Author(s): Hiralal Tribhovandas Parekh
Publisher: Gujarat Varnacular Society
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032060/1

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thailllllllll Illllllllll IDMIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII graMtha ane graMthakAra pustaka: 1? leDI vidyAbahena ra. nIlakaMTha graMthe paricaya sAthe. lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll sane 1960 llllll taiyAra karanAra, hIrAlAla tribhovanadAsa pArekha, bI. e., IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll kismata eka rUpiyA milllllAlli lllll

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saMvat 1986 AvRtti 1 lI I. sa. 1930 prata 1600 amadAvAda--dhI "DAyamaMDa jyubilI " prinTiMga presamAM parIkha devIdAsa chaganalAle chApyuM. prakAzaka, gujarAta vartAkayulara sAsAiTI taraphathI . hIrAlAla tribhAvanadAsa pArekha, Asi. sekreTarI. amadAvAda

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graMtha paricaya graMtha ane graMthakAra e pustakanA prakAzananuM prayojana batAvavAnI bhAgye ja jarUra hoya. prastuta pustakanI yojanA gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITIe karI tyAre emAM chabIo ApI ene vadhAre suzobhita karavAne IrAdo hato, paraMtu e jane amalamAM nathI mUkI zakAI te amArI dilagIrI che. pUratI chabIo maLI zakI nathI, e ane bIjA kAraNothI A varSa e bAbata paDatI mUkI che. have jyAre navesarathI e pustaka chapAze tyAre e dhAraNuM pAra paDaze evI umeda che. sadarahu pustakanI upayogitA dekhItI che. gujarAtI sAhitya atyAre eTalI kakSAe pahoMcyuM che ke tenA ziSTa graMtha-graMthakArono paricaya AvakAradAyaka thaI paDe. AvI ekatrita karelI mAhitInI kImata hAla karatAM bhavidhyamAM anekagaNuM vadhI javA saMbhava che. amuka nATaka premAnaMdanAM ke nahIM evA saMzayagrasta ne pAchaLathI ubhA na thAya e kArya AvuM pustaka karI zake. junA vakhatanA eTale so varSa pUrve lakhAelA graMtho keTalAka nAbUda thaI gayA che, temanAM nAma ane temanA kartAonAM nAma ziSTa sAhityamAMthI lagabhaga naSTa thaI javA AvyAM che. prAcIna kALanA hastalikhita graMtha parathI kartAnAM nAma zodhavAM, tenI sAla kADhavI vagere muzkelIo navA jamAnAmAM jaNAtAM tenA nivAraNa tarIke prastuta pustaka jevAM pustaka pAchaLanA jamAnAne mAhitInuM AdhArabhUta sAdhana pUruM pADe evo saMbhava che. sAhityamAM AgaLa vadhelA badhA dezamAM A prakAranI sAdhana sAmagrI jovAmAM Ave che, ane tene pratidina vadhArene vadhAre samRddha karavAnA prayatna karavAmAM Ave che. gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITIe A pustaka mAtra AraMbha rUpe ja prakaTa karyuM che. ghaNA graMthakAre temAM rahI gayA haze. te sarvene sosA ITInuM jAhera AmaMtraNa che ke teo kRpA karI potAnI taraphathI hakIkata mokalI Ape je navIna AvRttimAM dAkhala thaI zake. AvuM pustaka prati varSe nahIM te be traNa varSe navuM prakaTa thAya e ISTa che. te ja pragatimAna sAhityanI sAthe sAthe e mAhitI saMpUrNa rahI zake. vidyamAna graMthakArane AmAM paricaya che. e hakIkata temanA pitAnA taraphathI maMgAvelI ane purI pADelI hovAthI ghaNe bhAge mAtra bare facts ja mokalavAmAM Ave e svAbhAvika che. bIjAnA mukhamAM zebhe evI

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keTalIka hakIkatA jAte meAkalatAM sa`kAca thAya e paNa banavAjoga che. sAsAiTInI ApIsa taraphathI e hakIkatAne vaNI levA ane jANItI vAtA bahAra ANavAnA prayatna karavAmAM AvyeA che. zarUAtamAM karelA 1929 nA graMtha-prakAzananA avaleAkana parathI jaNAze ke ApaNA sAhityanAM keTalAMka aMge! vikAsa pAmyAM che ane keTalAMka hajI avikayAM rahyAM che. bALasAhitya e A dazakAmAM pramANamAM ghaNI pragati pAmyuM che ane hajI paNa pAme evAM cihno jaNAya che. vijJAnanA sAhityamAM nahIM jevI pragati thai che e A vijJAnanA jamAnAmAM asahya che. ApaNA vijJAnavettAe hajI ApaNI bhASA tarapha joie teTalA AkarSAyA nathI e siddha thAya che. pAribhASika zabdonA abhAva e jo kAi tenuM kAraNa tAve te svIkArI zakAya tema nathI. ulaTuM sAhityane abhAve zabdanA abhAva che ane zabdo tethI ja rUDha thavA pAmatA nathI. zabdonI muzkelI haze paNa te nivArI na zakAya tevI nathI. chellAM keTalAMka varSa daramiyAna gujarAtI sAhityamAM ane tenA pracAramAM thayelA vadhArAnu' mApa ekalA graMthA parathI ja te kADhavAmAM Ave te e sAhityane anyAya thAya. mAsike ane vamAnapatrA dvArA vividha prakAranuM sAhitya pracAra pAme che. sekaDe! lekhake te lakhe che. graMthakAra thavAnI lagabhaga prathama bhUmikA e samAM che ema kahIe te khATuM nathI. graMtheAmAM nahIM kheDAelA viSayeAne paNa emAM sthAna maLe che. jo ke e sAhitya cirasthAyI nathI chatAM janatAne keLavavAnuM maheluM kArya e kare che e niHsaMzaya che; vArtAe, musApharInA lekhA, azAstranA lekhA, vijJAnanA lekhA, kAvyA vagerene bhAre samUha mAsike ane vartamAna patrAmAM prasid thAya che. sarve lekhakeAne tene gra MtharUpe bahAra pADavAnI anukULatA na hAya e mAnI zakAya tevuM che. emAMnA keTalAka vartamAna patrA athavA mAsikAnA dRSTibinduthI lakhelA eTale uMDA ciMtana vALA nahIM haiAya paNa gaMbhIra lekhA paNa ziSTa patrAmAM hoya che e nirvivAda che. vartamAna patrAnI vIsa varasa paranI phAilA jue te hAlanI jIe teA A bheda spaSTa jaNAze ane enA eka mukhya cihna tarIke pAnI bhASA e pote mahATA purAvA che. ApaNI bhASAmAM asUcana keTaluM badhuM vadhyuM che, prayAgA keTalA vadhAre vaparAya che, ane sAmAnya rIte bhAre gaNAtA zabdo have rUDha thaI dharagathu viSayA mATe paNa vaparAzamAM AvyA che. AnuM eka dRSTAMta yAda Ave che;

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je noMdhavAthI samajAze. AjathI ghaNAM varSa pUrve amadAvAda prArthanA samAja taraphathI prAnAmALAnuM pustaka chapAeluM tenI pAchaLa kaThaNa zabdone eka kASa ApelA che. e kASanA aDadhA uparanA zabdo have eTalA pracalita thai gayA che ke tenA atha jaNAvavAnI atyAre jarUra paNa na rahe. gujarAtI bhASAnI samRddhi eTale zabdasamRddhi paNa vadhatI jAya che e sAhityanA vikAsanuM zubha cihna che. bhASAmAM vicAra pradarzita karavAnI jema jema vadhAre jarUra paDe che tema zadhyeAjanA vistRta thatI jAya che. gujarAta varnAkyulara seAsAiTIe A pustaka prakaTa karI je kAya karavAnA prayatnane zubha Arbha karyAM che tenI saphaLatAneA tamAma AdhAra graMthakartInA sahakAra upara rahelA che. jeTale jeTale aMze e sahakAra vadhaze teTale aMze bhaviSyanI AvRttie vadhAre mahattvavALI thaze. je graMthakArAne AmaMtraNa ApavAnuM rahI gayuM hAya athavA jemaNe AmaMtraNanA javAba na ApyA hoya temane AgrahapUrvaka vinaMti karavAnI ke A kArya jAta-- mAhitInI jAherAtanuM nathI; paraMtu eka viziSTa pustaka, gujarAtI sAhityanI sevA bajAvavAnI icchA rAkhe che tene sahAyatA karavAnuM che ema mAnI hakIkata peAtAnI tema ja peAtAnI jANunA khIjA graMthakArAnI meAkalAvI sahakAra karavA. A pustakanI apUrNatAe purI karavA lekhaka va taraphathI vizeSa sahAyatAnI AzA sAthe gujarAtI bhASAnA vAMcanArA samakSa te raju karavAnI rajA laie chIe. amadAvAda. tA. 20-8-1930 } vidyAkhahena ramaNabhAi nIlaka

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prastAvanA sAsAiTInI neAkarImAM joDAyA pachI turataja Ana. sekreTarI sva. rA. a. lAlazaMkarabhAie sana 1864 sudhImAM prasiddha thayelAM gujarAtI pustakAnI chApelI yAdI batAvI te dheAraNe gujarAtImAM chapAyalAM saghaLAM pustakAnI eka vargIkRta sUci taiyAra karavAnuM mane sUcavyuM; paNa cAlu ApIsa kAma eTaluM badhuM vyavasAyavALuM ane javAbadArIbharyuM ke te kA` pAchaLa dhyAna ApavAne bhAgyeja samaya maLatA; ane ekAda mAsamAM te paDatuM mUkavuM paDeluM; paNa tyArathI e kAmAM mArUM citta parAvAyaluM; vaLI pUNAmAM Dakkana varnAkyulara TrAnsalezana sAsAITI, chApelI sarakArI trimAsika yAdI parathI evI eka sUci marAThI graMthAnI karAvatI hatI te jANavAmAM hatuM. eTale e kA kevI rIte ATApAya enA vicAra AvyA ja karatA. ane prasaMgeApAta vaDAdarA senTrala lAibrerInA Asi. kyureTara zrIyuta meAtIbhAi amInane bheTA thatA, tenA lAbha lai, e viSaya emanI sAthe carcA paNa kharA. tenI upayeAgitA emanA lakSamAM pUrepUrI selI hatI ane emanA khAtA taraphathI evuM kArya upADI levAya teA seAsATI sahakAra kare, ema emane me'vAtamAM jaNAveluM, paNa e nararatne jema pustakAlayanA aMganA aneka prazna ukelI gujarAtamAM pustakAlayanI hilacAlane, tenAM mULa uMDAM nAMkhIne, AgaLa vadhArI che, tema e sUcinuM kArya emaNe jAtajavAbadArI para upADI lIdhuM, ane mane tAMdhatAM AnaMda ane saMtoSa thAya che ke e prazasya paNa bhagIratha kAya emanA zubha prayAsa ane AgrahathI saphaLa thai ApaNe ATha hajAra gujarAtI pustakAnI eka vargIkRta sUci' e nAmanuM eka mADhuM daLadAra, mahattvanuM ane upayeAgI repharansa pustaka meLavavAne bhAgyazALI thayA chIe; e paNa vaLI eka suyeAga che ke sadarahu sUci sana 1928 sudhI AvIne aTake che ane pachInAM sana 1929 nAM prakAzananI noMdha karavAnA avasara sAsAiTIne sAMpaDayA che; prastuta graMtha ane graMthakAra"nuM pustaka prati varSa niyamita rIte nikaLatuM rahe te vArSika prakAzananI noMdha karavAnuM cAlu rahevA saMbhava che. IsunuM varSa 1907 e nAmathI lekha lakhI sva. raNajItarAme sAhityamAM ane anya saMskRtinA kSetramAM pragatinI vArSika samAlocanAnuM kA AdareluM ane e prathA AgaLa cAlu rahe e uddezathI sAsAiTInA maNi mahAtsavanA Catalogue of Native Publications in the Bombay Presi dency up to 1864. *

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avasare emaNe ena. sekreTarIne eka patra lakhI mokalI, te mATe yojanA karavAnuM sUcavyuM hatuM. kArobArI kamiTIe te parathI vArSika samAlocanA mATe rU. 100) nuM pAritoSika jAhera karI sana 1909 nI graMtha prasiddhinuM avalokana karavAnuM kArya che. baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkarane soMpyuM; sana 1910 nuM pro. kAntilAla chaganalAla paMDayAne ApyuM; paNa e baMne sajajanene, dUra sthaLe rahevAnuM ane tyAM sAdhananI pUratI anukULatA nahi te kAraNe ane vaLI ekaja vaSa nI samAlocanA karavAmAM kaMIka apUrNatA AvI javAnI ane koIne ajANe anyAya thavAnI bhItithI, teoe te kArya karavAmAM zithilatA dAkhavelI. tethI te muzkelI dUra karavAne kamiTIe sva. uttamalAla kezavalAla trivedIne sana 1909, 1910 ane 1911, ema traNa varSanuM sAmaTuM avalokana karavAnuM jaNAvI te varSonAM prakAzano paNa temane muMbaI mokalI ApyAM hatAM; tema chatAM e dhArelo hetu siddha thayo nahi. Ama nirAzA maLatAM sana 1916 nuM sAhityanuM avalokana karavAnuM gujarAta sAhitya sabhA taraphathI meM mAthe lIdhuM ane prinsipAla AnandazaMkara dhruvanA pramukhapade te lekha vAMcyo hato. te prasaMge emaNe pramukhasthAnethI eka mananIya vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM te tenA aMge eka vizeSa lAbha thayo hato. | daramiyAna sosAiTI taraphathI vArSika sabhAnA divase, ekAda jANatA vidvAnane nimaMtraNa karI, sAhitya, ItihAsa ke tattvajJAnanA viSaya para vyAkhyAna apAvavAnI raDhi dAkhala karI, je haju cAlu che. A pustakanA prAraMbhamAM sadarahu vArSika vyAkhyAna mukavAnI dhAraNa rAkhI hatI. zrIyuta kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazIe cAlu varSanuM vArSika vyAkhyAna ApavAnuM svIkAryuM hatuM; paNa atyAranI satyAgrahanI laDatamAM teo joDAtAM, temane jelanivAsa prApta thayo eTale e kArya mUlatvI rAkhavuM paDayuM; hAla turata e sthAna sana 1928 nAM prakAzananuM avalokana e lekhane ApyuM che, je upara nirdezela akhatarAnA anusaMdhAnarUpa che. DAMka varSa para zrIyuta narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha dIveTiyA-eoe sva. vRjalAla zAstrInI mRtyu tArIkha ane vAra pUchAvelA, paNa te viSe kazI khAtrI lAyaka mAhitI maLI zakI nahi. te divasathI arvAcIna graMthakAronAM jIvanacaritranAM sAdhane-emanAM jIvanane lagatI hakIkata, bane teTalI vizvasanIya, vigatavAra ane pramANabhUta ekaThI karavAne ane noMdhavAne kaMIka

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vyavasthA thavA manamAM gaDamathala karyo karatA; te saMjogamAM zrIyuta vijayarAya kalyANarAya vaidya amadAvAdamAM sthAyI AvI vasatAM, ane seAsAiTI taraphathI kAMi sAhityanuM kArya saMpAdana karavAnI-maLavAnI temaNe icchA pradarzita karatAM, kamiTIe temane prAcIna kavionI ciratrAvaLI, upalabdha prasiddha vRttAMta parathI taiyAra karI ApavAnuM soMpyuM. A pramANe raphate raphate ane kramasara e yeAjanA AgaLa cAlu rAkhI, gujarAtI graMthakartAonI caritrAvaLI, emanAM jIvananI sAdhanasAmagrI, kAi rUpe abhyAsIne ane vAcakane sugama ane upayogI thAya, e temAM mukhya hetu hateA. prastuta graMthamAM tethI prAcIna lekhaka-kavionA samAveza karyAM nathI ane arvAcInamAM paNa prathama vidyamAna graMthakArAnA jIvanacaritranI hakIkata, emanIja pAsethI ane teTalI meLavI, te noMdha, khAsa karIne emanA graMthAnI yAdI, tenA prakAzananI sAla sAthe ApIne, jema bane tema te pramANabhUta thAya evA prayatna karyo che. ahiM mAre upakAra sAthe kahevuM joie ke je graMthakartAone chApelu mAhitIpatraka mekalI ApyuM hatuM, temAMnA ghaNAkharAe temAM jarUrapuratI vigatA bharI meAkalIne ane pachI te teAMdhatA kAcA kharaDA tapAsI jaine, mArUM kAya jema saraLa karI ApyuM hatuM tema temAMnI vigate teTale darajje vizvasanIya che, evuM pramANapatra ApyuM che ema kahI zakuM. vaLI vidyamAna graMthakArAmAMnA ghaNAMnAM nAmeA A saMgrahamAM maLI nahi Ave. je je graMthakArAne chApeluM mAhitIpatraka mAkalI ApeluM, temAMnAM keTalAkanI hakIkata vakhatasara lakhAi AvI nahAtI ane khIjA bhAIe cAlu rAjakIya laDatamAM joDAtAM, temanI pAsethI kAmapuratI mAhitI meLavavAnuM paNa kaThina thai paDayuM hatuM. A saMjogamAM e uNapa AgaLanAM pustakAmAM jarUra dUra karavAmAM Avaze. te pachI arvAcIna videhInAM caritrA utAravAnI umeda rAkhI che. prastuta saMgrahamAM varSa daramiyAna prakaTa thayelAM sAhitya, itihAsa, tattvajJAna ane purAtatva viSenAM lekhA, repharansanI savaDa mATe, karI chApavAnA temaja gujarAtI mAsikAmAM AvI gayalA maulika ane agatyanA lekhAtI sUci, jema iMgrejI jaleAmAM Ave che tema, ApavAnA vicAra hatA; paraMtu pustakanuM kada dhAryAM karatAM bahu vadhI javAthI e vibhAga umeravAnuM A vakhate banI zakyuM nathI.

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havethI sadarahu sUci tema vArSika prakAzananI yAdI liDanamAMthI chellAM be varSathI prasiddha thatI enyuala biblogrAphI opha iDiyana ArkolojIAnnual Bibliography of Indian Archaeology-nI peThe, saTIka apAya evI dhAraNA rAkhI che. IgrejImAM A jAtanAM ane aneka viSaya paranAM saMkhyAbaMdha pustako maLI Avaze. evuM repharansa sAhitya ApaNe ahiM ubhuM karavAne A eka zarUAtane prayoga che; tenI saphaLatAne AdhAra A kAryamAM lekhakavarga je pramANamAM sahakAra ane madada karaze te para avalaMbI raheze. vastutaH AvAM pustaka ekale hAthe saMpAdana thaI ja zake nahi; saunA sahakAranI sAthe tenI upayogitA vadhAravA sArU madadarUpe navAM navAM dRSTibinduo, sUcano maLatAM rahe, e paNa eTaluM ja jarUranuM che; to ja te vikAsa pAme ane khIle ane eka sthAyI repharansanuM pustaka thaI paDe. aMtamAM "kumAra kAryAlaya'nA prANasaMcAraka ane kaLAmarmajJa zrIyuta bacubhAI rAvatane mAre upakAra mAnavo joIe; jemaNe A kAryamAM zarUAtathI keTalIka vyavahAru sUcanAo karavAnI sAthe, navA lekhakabaMdhuone mArgadarzaka ane madadagAra thaI paDe, e daSTie, presakopI ane prapharIDiga" viSe eka mananIya lekha, mArI mAgaNIthI khAsa lakhI Apyo che.' ane zrImatI leDI vidyAbahene, prastuta pustakano paricaya lakhI ApIne, mane vizeSa AbhArI karyo che, ema kahuM to te atizayoktibharyuM nathI ja. amadAvAda tA. 20-8-1930 hIrAlAla trI, pArekha,

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viSaya, 1 graMtha paricaya anukramaNikA ra prastAvanA 3 sana 1929 nuM graMtha prakAzanaH avale|kanaH 4 pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdIH sana 1929: 5 graMthakAra caritrAvaLIH vidyamAnaH 1 atisukhazaMkara kramaLAza'kara trivedI .. 2 aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra... 3 AtmArAma meAtIrAma dIvAnajI... 4 AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva... 5 aMbAlAla bAlakRSNa purANI.. 6 aMbAlAla jhulAkhIrAma jAnI... 7 kalyANarAya nathubhAI jozI... 8 kalyANajI viThThalabhAi mahetA... 9 kAntilAla chaganalAla paDayA... 10 kezavaprasAda cheATAlAla desAI... 11 kezavalAla haragAviMdadAsa zeTha... 12 dI. khA. kezavalAla ha durAya dhruva... 13 kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI... 14 dI. bA. kRSNalAla meAhanalAla jhaverI... 15 kauzikarAma vighnahararAma mahetA... 16 khuzavana caMdulAla ThAkAra... 17 gajendraza kara lAlazaMkara paDayA... 18 gijubhAi bhagavAnajI badhekA... 19 gaurIzaMkara gAvanarAma jozI... 20 caturbhuja mANukezvara bhaTTa... 21 candrazaMkara na dAzaMkara paMDayA... 22 caMdrazaMkara amRtalAla khuca... 23 caMpakalAla lAlabhAI mahetA... 24 cAMpazI viThThaladAsa udezI... 25 cimanalAla dAmeAdaradAsa tripAThI.. 26 cunIlAla vamAna zAha... l 99 ,, 29 29 ,, 59 22 K 99 99 12 29 22 "1 99 22 29 99 ,, 65 :::: " - 7 9 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 35 38 43 45 46 47 50 51 53 58 59 60 1 ra " 19 pRSTha. 3 1-32 33-56 3-208

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27 chaganalAla vidyArAma rAvaLa.... 28 chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA.. 29 choTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTa. 30 janmazaMkara mahAzaMkara buca.... 31 janArdana hAnAbhAI prabhAskara... 32 jayendrarAya bhagavAnalAla dUrakALa.... 33 tindra hariharazaMkara dave.* 34 jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA... 35 DaoN. sara jIvanacha jamazedajI modI... 36 jeThAlAla govardhanadAsa zAha... 37 DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI... 38 DolararAya raMgIladAsa mAMkaDa... 39 zrImatI tArAbahena moDaka40 durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI.... 41 dezaLajI kahAnajI paramAra 42 dhanazaMkara hIrAzaMkara tripAThI... 43 dhanasukhalAla kRSNalAla mahetA... 44 narasiMhabhAI IzvarabhAI paTela.. 45 narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha dIveTiyA.... 46 narmadAzaMkara devazaMkara mahetA 47 narmadazaMkara bAlAzaMkara paMDayA... 48 nama dAzaMkara vallabhajI dvivedI, 49 navalarAma jagannAtha trivedI... 50 nehAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi* 51 nRsiMhaprasAda kAlidAsa bhaTTa... para pAlanajI barajorajI desAI... pa3 prANajIvana vizvanAtha pAThaka.... 54 popaTalAla goviMdalAla zAha... 55 baTubhAI lAlabhAi umaravADiyA 56 baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkora... 57 bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA.. 58 maganabhAI caturabhAI paTela 59 mahamada sAdIka... , 100 102 104 che 108 ka 112 ka 114 , 115 ka 116 , 120 125 127 129 131 135 139 141

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12 60 manubhAi haragAviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA... 61 maNilAla nathubhAi dozI... 62 maNilAla chakhArAma bhaTTa 63 meAhanalAla pAvatIzakara dave... 64 majIlAla jamanArAma dave... 65 maMjulAla raNacheADalAla majamudAra...... 66 yajJeza harihara zukala... 67 ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI... 68 rameza raMganAtha dhArekhAna... 69 ravizaMkara gaNezajI eMjAriyA... 70 rAjendra seAmanArAyaNa dalAla... 71 rAmalAla cunIlAla meAdI... 72 rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAka... 73 rAmameAhanarAya jasavatarAya desAi... 74 rajitalAla harilAla paMDayA... 75 vijayarAya kalyANarAya vaidya,.. 76 vizvanAtha prabhurAma vaidya... 77 vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa... 78 leDI vidhAgavarI ramaNabhAi nIlakaMThe 79 sau. vimaLAgavarI meAtIlAla setalavADa... 80 sau. zAradA sumaMta mahetA... 81 zakaraprasAda chaganalAla rAvaLa... 82 zivaprasAda dalapatarAma paMDita... 83 zaMbhuprasAda chelaza'kara joSIpurA... 84 sAkaralAla amRtalAla dave... 85 sItArAma sIMgabhAi zarmA... 86 sArAbajI ma. dezAI... 87 rA. bA. rAjaratna haragoviMdadAsa dvA. kAMTAvALA 88 hurabhAi durlabhajI trivedI... 89 DA. hariprasAda vrajarAya desAI... 90 hirarAya bhagavatarAya muca... 91 hiMmatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA... 6 pariziSTaH presakApI ane pruphrIDiMga 39 33 ,, 22 156 159 160 , 162 , 163 166 168 170 173 29 99 "" 22 .. . ,, 29 .. .. "" ,, 29 182 184 185 187 190 193 . - 194 ,, 19 99 143 145 148 151 152 23 175 176 "" 178 180 "" 99 " 202 ,, 205 206 209 210 195 197 211-223

Page #13
sana 1929nuM graMtha prakArni, ka avalokana prastuta lekhane cheDe sana 1929mAM prasiddha thayelAM pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI ApI che, te pustakanI saMkhyA Azare 610nI saMkhyA thavA jAya che; paNa e sivAya evAM bIjAM keTalAMka pustako bAkI rahelAM haze, je sAdhananA ane mAhitInA abhAve sadarahu gaNatrImAM AvyAM nahi hoya; ane te uparAMta zALApayogI artha ane nosanI copaDIo, nATakonAM gAyanonI copaDIo, ane alAu bajArUvArtAo ane kavitAnI copaDIo, jenI noMdha emAM karavAmAM AvI nathI; e badhI prasiddhione uparanI saMkhyAmAM aDasaTe umerIe te tenI kula saMkhyA lagabhaga sADI sAtameM pustakonI thavA jAya; eTale ke, dararojanAM be pustake sarerAza prasiddha thayAM che, evuM anumAna te parathI kheMcI zakAya; ane tene bIjI rIte samarthana paNa maLe che. tAjA bahAra paDelA muMbAI ilAkAnA sana 1928-29nA vArSika rIporTamAM sana 1928mAM gujarAtI graMtha prakAzananI sAdhana saMkhyA 506nI ApI che, ane e te prasiddha vAta che ke e noMdhamAM dezI rAjyo-jemake, vaDodarA, bhAvanagara, rAjakoTa, goMDalamAM prakaTa thatAM pustakono samAveza thato nathI; ane hamaNuM hamaNuM tyAMthI cekabaMdha pustako prasiddha thAya che, ema ke paNa sAmAnya vAcaka kahI zakaze. vaLI bIjI bhASAo-marAThI, hindI, kAnaDI, baMgALI vageremAM prati gra TI A varSe prakaTa thatAM pustakonI saMkhyA ane tenI vargIkRta enAM prakAzana sAthe yAdI upalabdha thAya, te hindanI mukhya mukhya dezI sarakhAmaNI ** bhASAomAM kayI dizAmAM ane zI pragati thatI rahe ' che, tenuM mApa kADhavAnuM sugama bane. upara ulekha karelA sarakArI vArSika rIporTamAM marAThI pustakonI saMkhyA 677, kAnaDInI 85 ane hindInI 101 batAvelI che. paraMtu

Page #14
graMtha ane graMthakAra marAThI pustakamAM madhya prAMtanAM ane dezI rAjyo, jemake IMdora, gvAlIara, audhanAM temaja kAnaDI mATe maisura, nijhAmanuM saMsthAna vagere sthaLonAM prakAzane AvI jatAM nathI. paNa samagra rIte avalokatAM, ApaNe svIkAravuM paDaze ke gujarAtI karatAM marAThImAM ane hindImAM vadhu pustako prakaTa thAya che. mahArASTrano vidyAvyAsaMga jANIto che; ane hindIne sthaLapradeza bahALA vistAravALA che, tema bhAratavaSa nI eka sAmAnya bhASA tarIke tenI pasaMdagI thayelI che. baMgALI mATe mAhitI maLI nathI; paNa badhI dezI bhASAomAM te vizeSa khIlelI ane samRddha che, e sAmAnya abhiprAya che. A pramANe vArSika graMtha prakAzanamAM gujarAtInuM sthAna cheka cothe naMbare Ave che; ane tenI prasiddhinI sarakhAmaNuM IMglAMDamAM prasiddha thatAM pustaka sAthe karavAmAM Ave to ApaNe kyAM ubhA chIe, athavA kevI pragati karIe chIe, tenI kaMIka jhAMkhI thAya. - tA. 10mI. jAnyuArInA pablIka opiniyana "Public opinion" nAmaka sAptAhikamAM sana 1929mAM IgrejImAM prasiddha IMgrejI pustaka sAthe thayelAM pustakonI saMkhyA 12912 ApI che; temAM sarakhAmaNI vArtAnAM pustaka agrasthAna le che, ane tenI saMkhyA 3706 ApI che. bIjuM sthAna bALasAhityane maLe che; ane tenI saMkhyA 1533 che. e dRSTie ApaNe ahiM bALasAhitya prathama sthAna le che, jenI kula saMkhyA 164 che, jyAre navalakathA bIje naMbare Ave che, ane tenI saMkhyA 74 noMdhAyelI che. e batAvI Ape che ke janatAnI abhiruci hAlamAM kayI jAtanA sAhitya mATe che. vaLI IMglAMDanAM ane gujarAtanAM sarerAza pustaka prakAzananA kula AMkaDAonI tulanA karatAM turata samasaMkhyA jAze ke tyAM sarerAza dararoja 35 pustakanuM prakAzana thAya che; jyAre ahi tenI saMkhyA, upara gaNatrI batAvI te mujaba, mAtra (2) benI thavA jAya che, ane tenA guNadoSa, upagitA, maulikatA viSe ahiM kaMi vivecana nahi karatAM tenuM sUcana mAtra basa thaze.

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana AvI AMkaDAnI gaNatrI karavAmAM iMglAMDAdi pAzcAtya dezAmAM jevI sugamatA ane sagavaDa rahelAM che tevI vyavasthA ApaNe ahiM nathI. tyAM pustakanuM prakAzana ane vecANa kA, lekhaka jAte karatA nathI; paNa sAmAnya rIte kAi prakAzaH vyakitane vA maMDaLIne ane pustaka vecanArane te soMpI devAya che; ane e badhA prakAzakanuM eka saMgaThita maMDaLa hoya che, tenI pAsethI varSa daramiyAna prasiddha thayelAM pustakAnI saMpUrNa ane vargIkRta yAdI joie tyAre meLavI zakAya che. vaLI keTalIka prakAzana saMsthAe ane pustaka vecanArAe te navAM pustakAnI pote jUdI mAsika yAdIe prakaTa kare che; tethI vArSika prakAzananA AMkaDA meLavatAM tyAM jhAjhI takalIpha paDatI nathI. prakAzaka maMDaLanuM sagaDhana myujhiyama bIjI savA tyAM e che ke kAyadAnI rUie briTiza myujhiyamane pratyeka prakAzananI eka eka prata bheTa maLe che, jenA saMgraha thavAnuM ane sAcavavAnuM kArya tenA para krUrajIAta nAMkheluM che, jyAre bIjI pAMceka saMsthAone je prakAzananI prata tenA taraphathI mAMgavAmAM Ave te ja apAya che. AthI meATe lAbha e thAya che ke te pustakA eka sthaLe jovA tapAsavAnI sahaja taka maLe che, temaja te saMgraha kAyama sacavAI rahe che. thiti paNa ApaNe ahiMnI paristhiti jUdI che. nAmadAra muMbAi sarakAra taraphathI sana 1982 ke 86-87 pachI niyamita rIte atyAranI pari- dara traNa mAse IlAkAmAM prasiddha thatAM pustakeAnI eka vargIkRta yAdI sarakArI gejhITamAM chapAya che; paNa temAM AgaLa jaNAvyuM tema dezI rAjyeAnI hadamAM chapAtA graMthAnI noMdha thatI nathI; ane bIjuM chApakhAnAnA kAyadAthI je pustakA sarakArane bharavAmAM Ave tenA vyavasthita ane saMpUrNa saMgraha paNa kAI ekasthaLe sacavAtA hAya ema jANavAmAM nathI; ane varSa pUrUM thatAM e prakAzananuM vihaMgAvaleAkana uparI adhikArI-mahudhA ekAda yure|piyana gRhastha,-300 zabdonI aMdara maryAdita, ahArathI lakhAI AvelA, jUdA jUdA gRhasthAnA vAntika parathI kADhe che, enuM mUlya keTaluM AMkavuM enA vicAra karavAnuM ame vAcaka para cheADIe chIe, 3

Page #16
graMtha ane graMthakAra kharI rIte sana 1855 sudhI dezI bhASAomAM prasiddha thayelAM pusta kenuM keTaloga sarakAra taraphathI prakaTa thayeluM, temAMnA vArSika samAlocanA marAThI vibhAganI samAlocanA svargastha mahAdeva goviMda rAnaDee je dhoraNe ane vyApaka rIte karelI che, te eTalI vicArazIla ane vivekapUrvaka thayelI che ke marAThI vivecana sAhityamAM te lekha adyApi mananIya lekhAya che. tadanusAra e kArya kaI jANItA gujarAtI sAhityanA vivecakane sapAvuM joIe chIe, ane vakhate tema karavAmAM sarakAranI pratiSThAne jhAMkhapa lAgatI hoya te te kArya dezI bhASAnA kaeNleja adhyApakane sapAvuM joIe, jeo cAlu sAhityapravAha sAthe nikaTa paricaya ane saMsargamAM hoIne tenI yathArtha parIkSA ane tulanA karI zake. vaLI koI abhyAsane varSa daramiyAna prakaTa thayelAM pustako jevA tapAsavAnI jijJAsA thaI Ave te koI evuM sthaLa madhyastha pustaka ke koI evI saMsthA nathI ke jemAM tene saMpUrNa saMgraha saMgraha thayele ane sacavAyelo hoya. khAsa karIne pustakonA vargIkaraNa mATe AvA saMgrahanI AvazyaktA vizeSa rahe che; ane pro. baLavaMtarAye "pustakAlaya ' mAsikamAM (mArca, 1930 ) ATha hajAra pustakonA vargIkRta keTalaiMginI samAlocanA karatAM je mahattvanI sUcanAo karelI che, te lakSamAM letAM AvA ekatrita saMgraha vinA tene amala ja thaI na zake e spaSTa vAta che; ane kadAca evo saMgraha karavAne kaI taraphathI prayatna thAya che temAM mukhya muzkelI je te pustaka meLavavAmAM AvI paDe che. prathama te, koI jANatA pustaka vecanArane tyAMthI te pustaka maLI zake nahi; bIjuM graMthakartAnuM pUruM saranAmuM jANavAmAM hoya nahi; trIjuM, poTeja kharca eTaluM jAde ane bhAre hoya che ke be AnAnI copaDI para pAMca AnA paTeja nuranA bharavA paDe che ane cheluM pustakanI upayogitA ke guNadoSa viSe kaMI paNa mAhitI upalabdha nahi ane keTalIkavAra evA nirarthaka ane mAla vinAnAM, kacarA pustakonAM nAma maLI Ave che ke je maMgAvavAnI icchA ja thAya nahi. A saMjogomAM vyavahArU ane vAjabI mArga e jaNAya che ke sAhitya pariSada dvArA vAraMvAra mAgaNI karIne ane prAMtikadhArAsabhAmAM TharAva ANIne sarakArane je traNa prate presa-chApakhAnA taraphathI bakSisa ApavAmAM Ave

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana che, temAMnI eka prata gu. va, sosAITI vA sAhitya pariSada maMDaLane pharajiyAta ApavAnuM dabANa karavAmAM Ave; ane te hakkanA badalAmAM briTiza myujhIamanI peThe tenA saMgraha ane sAcavaNuM mATe e saMsthAo javAbadAra rahe. thANAmAM AveluM marAThI graMtha saMgrahAlaya e dizAmAM stutya kArya karI raheluM che. vaDodarA senTrala lAIbrerI ane gu. va. sosAITInI lAyabrerInA saMgraha nAnA nathI; paNa tene saMpUrNa karavAne ane tenA kAyama saMgraha mATe upara nirdiSTa karyA mujaba kAyadAthI kaMika vyavasthA thAya, kaMika savaDa ane madada maLe toja e praznano ukela sahelAIthI ane jhaTa thaI zake, evuM amAruM mAnavuM che. A pustakonuM vargIkaraNa karavAmAM paDatI muzkelI paNa te pustaka eka madhyastha sthaLe vAMcavA tapAsavAnI savaDa maLatAM dUra pustakanuM vagI thAya; ane te pachI pro. baLavaMtarAya sUcave che tema kiraNa graMthanuM vargIkaraNa, te anuvAda che ke svataMtra graMtha che; anuvAda hoya to kayI bhASAmAMthI ane tenAM ekathI vadhu bhASAMtaro thayAM hoya, jemake zAkuMtala, tene ullekha-nedha karavAnuM banI zake, ane tene ekathI vadhu viSaya khaMDamAM batAvavA krosa repharansa ApavAnuM sugama bane. sana 1911-12 mAM rava. bhAI cImanalAla dalAle eka hajAra gujarAtI pustakonI vagIkRta yAdI, namunA rUpe taiyAra karI hatI ane hamaNuM ja pustakAlaya sahAyaka sahakArI maMDaLe ATha hajAra graMthanI eka moTI vargIkRta sUci bahAra pADI che ane te pustaka lAIbrerIanane navAM maLatAM pustakonuM vargIkaraNa karavAmAM moTe aMze mArgadarzaka ane madadagAra thAya ja; tema chatAM keTalIka guMca ubhI rahevAnI ja. dAkhalA tarIke bAraDolI satyAgrahanI laData' e pustakane kayA viSaya vibhAgamAM dAkhala karavuM ? rAjakIya, itihAsa, arthazAstra, ke kAyadA-kesa tapAsamAM ? amadAvAdanuM citra AlbamaH citra, sthApatya, itihAsa, ke repharansamAM ? paNa te viSenI carcA "pustakAlaya" jevA mAsikamAM upayogI ane rasika thaI paDe. keTalIka vAra TIkArUpe kahevAmAM Ave che ke ApaNuM sAhityamAM bhASAMtaragraMthonI saMkhyA vadhu che; ane maulika pustako bhASAMtara graMtho pramANamAM jUja lakhAya che; paNa jemane e bhASAMtara graMthanI suga che temane ame ApaNe paristhitine tenA vAstavika svarUpamAM lakSamAM levAnI ane tapAsavAnI vinaMti karIzuM.

Page #18
graMtha ane graMthakAra jene ApaNe sAmudAyika keLavaNu kahIe chIe tene AraMbha bahuja arvAcIna che ane te mATe sarakAra taraphathI cAlu prayatna thavA chatAM vastInA che TakAne pUruM akSarajJAna hajI maLeluM nathI. zarUAtanAM pAThya pustako aMgrejI pustakonA anuvAda ja hatA ane te anuvAda sIdhA IgrejImAMthI nahi paNa marAThI anuvAda parathI thatA hatA. te samaye gujarAtI lakhANa para marAThInI chAyA vizeSa hatI; ane sva. nArAyaNa hemacaMdra baMgALImAMthI anuvAda karavA mAMDavyA pachI te bhASAsAhityane paricaya ApaNe ahiM dinapratidina vadhate. cAlyo Ave che, ane tenA pariNAme keTalIka suMdara baMgALI kRtionAM bhASAMtare ApaNane prApta thayelAM che, ane te lokapriya nivaDayAM che. hindI graMthenAM bhASAMtara paNa gujarAtImAM zeDAMka thayelAM che, paNa tenI asara ApaNuM sAhitya para jhAjhI thayelI jaNAtI nathI; jo ke IgrejI amala pUrva hiMdI-vajano upayoga ApaNe ahiM vizeSa hato ane te graMthe ja uMca vargamAM sAmAnya rIte vaMcAtA ane saMgrahAtA hatA; ane briTiza amala sthapAyA pachI, tenI rAjanItinA ane vahIvaTanA pariNAme ane bIjA vidhavidha kAraNone laIne pAzcAtya sAhitya, ItihAsa, vicAra ane saMskRtie ApaNuM ekalA sAhitya paraja nahi paNa samagra samAjajIvana para eTalI badhI uMDI ane prabaLa asara karelI che ke temAMthI A samayamAM bhAgye ja potAnA vicAramAM ke vartanamAM kaI vyakti mukta rahI haze? kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke ApaNuM arvAcIna sAhitya ghaDAyuM che temAM aMgrejI bhASA ane sAhityanI chAyA ane asara sarvatra ane moTA pramANamAM acUka najare paDaze. paraMtu A praznamAM vicAravAne mudde mAtra e rahe che ke sAhityamAM bhASAMtaranuM sthAna ane pramANu zuM ane kevuM hovuM joIe. te pustake eTalAM badhAM na joIe ke te svataMtra ane maulika kRtione tenI saMkhyAnA bhArathI dAbI de; te evAM nirmAlya, nIrasa ane taddana sAmAnya koTinAM na hoya ke je arUcikara thaI paDe; jemAM sAhityanuM uMcuM raNa ke koI uttama Adarza na hoya; je sAhityane unnata ke samRddha na karatuM hoya. udAharaNa tarIke ApaNe aMgrejI bhASAsAhityanuM daSTAMta laIzuM te jaNAze ke tene jyAM jyAMthI zabdo Avazyaka ane upayogI lAgyA tyAM tyAMthI te zabdo temAM vaparAzamAM levAyA che ane duniyAbharanA sAhityamAMnuM

Page #19
sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana evuM kAI kimatI pustaka, pachI te game te deza ke bhASAnuM hoya, nahi jaDe ke jene IMgrejImAM samagra sAra ke anuvAda prakaTa thayale maLI nahi Ave; ane te kAraNe IMgrejI sAhitya Aje atyaMta samRddha, vividha prakAranuM, vaibhavabharyuM ane pUrUM vikaseluM ane khileluM che. AryavartanuM aikaya jenA gADha sasa ane nikaTa sahavAsamAM ApaNe pratidina AvIe tenA bhASAsAhityanI ane AcAravicAranI ApaNA jIvanapara ane ApaNA sAhityapara asara acUka thAya ema ApaNA pAchaleA ItihAsa kahe cheja. ApaNI A saMskRtinI racanA ane vyavasthA evI rIte ghaDAi che ke hindanA kAi paNa bhAgamAM ApaNe vicaratA hoie-ane ApaNAM tIsthAnA te! hindanI cAre dizAmAM patharAyalAM che ane jyAM adyApi hajAre manuSyA, strI purUSA yAtrAe jAya che--chatAM ApaNe eka prakAranA AcAravicAra ane bhAvanAnI sAmyatA ane saLaMgatA tathA jAtiekatA nihALIe chIe; te pachI eka bIjA prAMtanA sAhityane vizeSa paricaya thAya ane e rIte paraspara saMbaMdha dRDha ane gADho thAya, ema kANu nahi Icche ? te uparAMta jene ApaNe sAhitya ane saMskRtinI amara kRtie kahI zakIe, teneA AnaMda meLavavAne kANa utsuka nahi ane ? baMgALAmAMthI eka TAgAra ke eka zarada bAbu, mahArASTramAMthI eka tilaka ke eka vaidya, eka gaDakarI ke eka kAlpATakara, pajAbamAMthI eka sara mahamada ikabAla ke eka lajapatarAya, saMyukta prAMtamAMthI eka gaurIza'kara ojhA ke eka premacada ke eka maulAnA zikhalI sAheba vagerenI kRtionA anuvAda gujarAtImAM utAravAmAM Ave te para prAntanA sAhityanA paricaya vadhavAnI sAthe, tyAMnI uttama kRtithI ApaNuM sAhitya vizeSa samRddha ane prakAzita thAya; ane e te prasidh khInA che ke chaganalAla paMDayAnI kAbarI, dI. bA. kezavalAlanI meLanI mudrikA, pradhAnanI pratijJA, svapnanI suMdarI, mahAdevabhAinuM citrAMgadA, navalarAmanuM bhaTTanuM bhApALu, maNilAlanuM gulAbasiMha, preA. baLavaMtarAyanuM pluTArka, uttamalAlanuM gItA rahasya, paMkhu purANInA gItA niSka ane pUrNa yAga, araviMda kRta--tema sudhAhAsinI, zilaranuM vilhema Tela nATaka, jIvana saMdhyA, baMkimanuM kRSNacaritra, lenDeranA kAlpanika saMvAde, kavanuM AtmavRttAMta, vagere vagere anuvAda pustakAthI gujarAtI sAhitya ujjavaLa banyuM che ema kANu nahi kakhUle ? 7

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graMtha ane graMthakAra vastutaH ApaNA graMtha saMgrahAlayane bArIkAithI tapAsIzuM te temAM maulika ane svataMtra pustakA karatAM tarajumAnAM pustakA bahu meTI saMkhyAmAM maLI Avaze; ane te kharI rIte ApaNane khedanuM kAraNa na hovuM joie. sAmAnya rIte buddhizALI lekhaka parabhASAmAMthI ekAda sArA graMthanA tarajumA karavAnuM bhAgyeja kabUle; e kAya kaThina che te mATe nahi; paNa mULa granthane peAtAnI bhASAmAM utAratAM enuM vyaktitva lupta thAya che ane ema karavAne kayeA sama lekhaka tatpara hoya ? paNa ApaNe evI sthitimAM mukAyalA chIe ke tene vaza thayA vinA ApaNe chUTA nathI. paraMtu AjakAla eka khATI prathA ApaNA lekhakavargamAM pesI gaI che, te prati dukSa karAya ema nathI. IMgrejI, baMgALI, mULa graMtha vA lekhane hiMdI ane marAThImAMthI, hamaNAM hamaNAM, saMkhyAbaMdha nAmanirdeza navA lekhakaiA, mAsikA ane vartamAnapatramAM, anuvAda ke rUpAMtara karI lekhA, vArtA ane nATakA lakhI meAkale che; paNa tenA mULa lekhaka vA graMthane nAnirdeza sarakhA karatA nathI. bahu tA kAIka vakhata sUcita, IMgrejI parathI, ke anuvAda eTaleAja ullekhanoMdha karIne saMteSa pAme che; paNa te kAi rIte yogya tema vAjI nathI. nyAyanI khAtara lekhake mULa graMtha vA lekhakanuM AkhuM nAma darzAvavuM joIe, jethI mULa kRti sAthe jarUra paDaye tene sarakhAvI tapAsI jovAya; tenA guNadoSa paNa pArakhI, tAravI zakAya; ane tema karavAthI mAsikeAmAM khAsa karIne " sAhitya "mAM apaharaNa saMbaMdhI je saMkhyAbaMdha carcApatrA lakhAI Ave che te lakhAtAM aTake. ( jIo, julAI mAsanuM * sAhitya '-rA. rAmacaMdranuM carcApatra. ) 66 vAstavika rIte mULa lekhakanuM nAma tema tenI kRtine nirdeza thavA, e jema nyAyayukta tema te tarajumAnI yathArthatA jovA apaharaNa vicAravA ane tulanA karavA sArU Avazyaka che. brahmAMDanA bheda ' nAmaka eka rezamAMcaka kathAnuM pustaka gheADA samaya para bahAra paDayuM hatuM; paNa temAM koI sthaLe sUcana sarakhuM e nahatuM ke te eka anuvAdanA graMtha che; vAcaka sAmAnya rIte tene eka svataMtra kRti tarIke samaje. vastutaH te gAI pruthakhI nAmanA eka aMgreja graMthakAranA rITana epha DAkaTara nikAlA'! anuvAda che. AvuM te dhaNuM bane che; paNa 8 "

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana e prathA prazasya nathI; khATI che, ema sAhityanI pragati IcchanAra kAI hitecchu avasya kaheze. keTalIka vAra amuka lekhakanI kRtimAM, amuka graMtha vA graMthakAranI chAyA ane asara hAvAnI phariyAda thAya che; paNa evI chAyA ane asara anivAya` che; ane ce!sara, zekasapIara, kiTasa vagere jANItA graMthakArAkavienAM nAmeA, udAharaNa tarIke, ApI zakAya, jemanI kRtiomAM bahAranA sAhitya ane lekhakeAnI asara pareAkSa ane aparAkSa jarUra batAvI zakAya, kharI rIte rA. narasiMharAve kavizrI nhAnAlAlanA eka prasiddha kAvyatA " halave hAthe te nAtha! mahIDAM leAvajo, mahIDAMnI rItya nhAya hAvIre leAla. (jIe 'gujarAta' kArtika 1985) sabaMdhe apaharaNanA doSa batAvavA prayatna karyAM hatA, tene apaharaNa na kahI zakAya ane evA doSamAMthI amArUM mAnavuM che ke bahu ja thADA lekhakA mukta mAluma paDaze. 29 A lagata sana 1929 nA prakAzananI yAdI ApelI che, temAMnAM badhAM pustakA tapAsavA--avaleAkavAnuM prApta thayuM hetAe saMkhyAmAM bhASAMtara prathAnuM keTaluM pramANa che te kaika cAkkasa rIte tAravI zakAta; tema chatAM mULa svataMtra lakhANa karavA tarapha hajI joie tevI vRtti keLavAi nathI; ane anuvAda ane rUpAMtara karavA tarapha vizeSa valaNa rahe che, evI chApa mana para rahe che ja. gata varSa daramiyAna prakaTa thayelAM pustakAnI saMkhyA vicAratAM ApaNe agADI joyuM ke temAM bALasAhitya prathama sthAna le bALasAhitya che ane tenI saMkhyA 164 nI che. A vibhAgamAM ATalI suMdara pragati chellA dazakAmAM thayalI jaNAze. sana 1920 mAM amadAvAdamAM chaThThI sAhitya pariSad maLelI te vakhate ApaNe ahiM bALasAhitya nahi jevuM hatuM tethI te kevI rIte ubhu karavuM, te saMbaMdhI yeAgya vicAra ane carcA karavA temaja vyavahArU ceAjanA ghaDavA eka jUdI kamiTI nimAi hatI; paNa te pachI te mATe jUdI jUdI saMsthAo ane vyaktie taraphathI chUTaka chUTaka paNa khaMtapUrvaka ane satata prayatne thatA rahyA che, tenuM e chaSTa ane AnaMdajnaka pariNAma che. bALa keLavaNI prati vizeSa mahatva ane lakSa ApatA dakSiNAmUrti 9

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graMtha ane graMthakAra bhavananA kArya vAhakAne bALako mATe vAcanasAhityanI kheATa sAlatAM temaNe te pUrI pADavA bALavArtA-pAMca bhAgamAM-dAdAjInI vAtA, DeAzImAnI vAtA, bAlagItA--e bhAgamAM-vagere pustakA taiyAra karI chapAvyAM; paNa eTalAthI khALakAnI jijJAsAvRtti, jJAna mATenI pipAsA sa tASAya ema nahatuM; tethI temaNe bALa sAhityamALA 80 maNakAmAM ane te sastI kiMmate, kADhavAnuM khIDuM jhaDapyuM. te sAhasamAM ema kahevuM joie ke temane saphaLatA maLI che, paNa jene ApaNe mass production-jayAbaMdha mAla-vastunI pedAza kahI zakIe, e jAtanI vastunA guNadoSa ane lAla A mALAnA maNakAmAM svataH AvI jAya che; ane jene IMgrejImAM Knowledge of information-jJAna mAhitI kahe che te A mALAneA pradhAna hetu jaNAya che. A mALAnA prayAjake viruddha eka bhAre AkSepa e mUkAyA che ke tenA lakhANamAM prAMtika kAThiyAvADI khela-zabdo, prayAga, vAyA, puSkaLa-jhAjhA pramANamAM vaparAyA che ane te A mAjInA dakSiNa taraphanA-vAcakAne samajavAnI muzkelI paDe che ane tenA puMThAnA rgIna kAgaLa vageremAM eka prakAranI-drabness-monotony jaNAi te bALakonA rUcatAM--AkatAM nathI. vaLI kalpanAmaya ane camatkAranI vAte bALakAne je vadhu game che ane temanI rasavRtti ane kalpanAne sAkhe che ane utteje che, tene AmAM kAMika abhAva dekhAya che. e dRSTie gAMDiva bALasAhitya caDhItuM che; ane tenA kAgaLa, puMThA, chapAI, citrA, badhuM suMdara ane sarasa, AMkhane coMTI pasaMda paDe, evuM uttama keTanuM che. vaLI temAM ame upara ullekha karyAM te kalpanAnuM tattva pradhAna aMze hAya che; ane tethI bALake tene hAMse hAMse ane rasapUrvaka vAMce che, temaja te levAne AkarSAya che. ApaNe joizuM te khALasAhityamAM bALamAnasane ekadama anukULa thAya evI kalpanA ane camatkAranA prasaMgeA tathA manAvA khAsa varNavavAmAM Ave che, tenA udAharaNa tarIke Alice in wonderland athavA grIma ane enDarasananAM Fairy Tales nAM pustakAnAM nAmeA rajI karI zakAya, je jagaprasiddha graMthA che; ane gaye varSe Roma Wilson nAmanI eka khAie Green Magic nAmathI jagatanI parI-vArtAomAMthI eka 10

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana ao saMgraha tAravI kADhI chapAvyo hato, te prastuta muddAnuM samarthana karaze. ame ahiM nItibodhano sIdho upadeza karatI vAtane alaga rAkhI che; tene upayoga che, paNa je vAtathI ADakatarI rIte temanA mana para chApa paDIne asara thAya che tenA jeTalI mahattA A vAtone apAze nahi. manuSya svabhAvamAM rahelA e sAmAnya ta -aMzenA kAraNe eka dezamAMnI vAte bIjA dezamAM dhIme dhIme praveza lokakathA prati karatI, pharatI ane AgaLa vadhatI, maLelI mAluma paDe abhiruci che. hamaNAM marAThI lokakathA bhA. 1, e nAmanuM pustaka bahAra paDyuM che, temAMnI be traNa vArtA dakSiNamUti bhavane chApelI bALa vArtAnA saMgrahamAM AvI jAya che, ane ApaNuM paMcataMtra, kathAsaritsAgara, vagere graMthe IrAna, grIsa ane laiTina mulakamAM jaI kevA pheraphAra ane parivartAnane pAmyA che te vAta tulanAtmaka kathA vArtAnA abhyAsInI jANa bahAra nathI ja. bALakonI peThe moTAone paNa vArtA-navalakathA vAMcavAnuM khUba game che; tethI bIjA koI pustaka karatAM vArtAonAM pustake moTI saMkhyAmAM prakaTa thAya che ane teno phelAvo ane mAgaNI paNa lAIbrerIonI imyubuka tapAsIzuM to bIjI kaI jAtanAM pustaka karatAM bahoLA pramANamAM mAluma paDaze, pachI bhale te muMbAInI royala eziyATika sosAITInI zAkhA jevuM vidhAnanuM abhyAsa maMDaLa hoya. vaLI janatAmAM prasiddhi ane khyAti, eka navalakathAkArane jeTalI maLe che eTalI bIjA agragaNya vidvAna lekhakone meLavatAM ghaNe samaya joIe chIe; tethI buddhizALI tema jANItA lekhake moDA vahelA navalakathA lakhavAne lalacAya-prerAya che; paNa temAM badhAne ekasarakhI phatteha maLatI nathI. manuSyajAtimAM A vRtta cheka purAtana kALathI-jyArathI manuSyajAtine ItihAsa upalabdha thAya che tyArathI najare paDe che, ane kathAvArtA manuSyanA AnaMdanuM, sukha ane saMtoSanuM, bedha ane jJAnanuM eka apUrva sAdhana jarUra rahevAnuM ja. amuka eka hAne varga navalakathA prati asaMteSa-aruci ane udAsinatA dAkhave che, tenI sAthe ame ekamata thatA nathI; tema te prati sahAnubhUti paNa dharAvatA nathI. amane navalakathAnuM vAcana game che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa tene ame jIvana vikAsa mATe Avazyaka gaNue 11

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graMtha ane graMthakAra chIe. te ApaNI samakSa duniyAnuM kalpanika vA Adarzamaya, amuka sthaLa vA banAvonuM, cokkasa prakAranA manuSyasvabhAvanuM, nyAya ane nItinuM, snehanuM ane satyanuM, saMsAranI ghaTanAonuM citra evI asarakAraka rIte-pachI te varNanAtmaka zailInuM, aitihAsika, tAdAtmaka (realistic) ke manuSyanI lAgaNuo ke bhAvanAnuM pRthakkaraNa karatuM hoya-raju kare che, ke ApaNe ekavAra cAlu duniyAne visarI jaIe chIe, ane temAMnA pAtro sAthe samabhAvI banI, temanAM sukhaduHkha ane abhilASA, muzkelIo ane muMjhavaNa, jAte jatA-anubhavatA na hoIe evI ApaNuM manodazA thaI paDe che; ane teja ApaNuM kalpanAne uttejI, ApaNI lAgaNI ane manorathone poSI, unnata karI, ApaNuM cAritra ghaDavAmAM ane khIlavavAmAM sahAyabhUta thAya che; ane sAthe sAthe eka prakArano mITho AnaMda meLavI duniyAnI vyathAne ane duHkhane ghaDI vAra bhUlI jaIe chIe. Ama eka navI kAlpanika sRSTi sarjavAmAM eka navalakathAkAra eTale darajaje saphaLa nivaDe teTale darajaje enI kRti lokapriya ane AdaraNIya thavAno saMbhava che. A dharaNe avalokatAM, sana 1929tI navalakathAomAM zrIyuta muna zInuM "koTilya bhagavAna " nuM pustaka ApaNuM khAsa navalakathA dhyAna kheMce che. te haju apUrNa che chatAM prAcIna hiMdanuM je surekha ane vaibhavapUrNa citra dore che, prasiddha aitihAsika pAtrone tenA pUrNa rUAbamAM, pratibhA pADatAM raju kare che; ane tatkAlIna samAjajIvananuM rasika khyAna Ape che, te vAMcatAM vAMcatAM ApaNAthI lekhakane sahaja dhanyavAda apAI jAya che. evuM bIjuM vArtAnuM pustaka je vAMcavAnuM game ane AnaMda Ape, jene Azaya ApaNuM sAmAjika jIvanane lagatAM anekavidha prazno carcA. vAne mukhyatave che, te rA. ramaNalAla desAInuM "kokIlA' nAmanuM pustaka che; temAM eka patrakAranuM jIvana AlekhavAnI sAthe majura ane mUDIvALA vaccenI athaDAmaNa ane tenA aMge upasthita thatA prazno tema grAmyajIvanane madhure AnaMda ane bhoLA-sAdA grAmya janenI sAdAI ane bhalamanasAI ane temano ubharAI jate prema, e badhuM AlAdaka thaI paDe che. vaLI mukhya pAtra kokIlAne evI te mRdu, manehara, lAvaNyabharI ane snehALa varNavI che 12

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana ke ' kaumudIkAra 'nA zabdomAM kahIe to evI jIvanasakhI meLavavA, kAipaNu peAtAne sukhI samaje. TuMkI vArtAnAM pustakAmAM rA. rAmanArAyaNanI 'dvirephanI vAtA' ane zrIyuta dhumaketunA taNakhA-bhA. 2', e jAtanI vArtAmAMnuM. uMcuM levala jALavI rahyA che. rA. pAThakanI mAnasasvabhAva pArakhavAnI ane tenuM pRthakkaraNa karavAnI zakti ane samaja, e vArtAote niHzaMka jIvaMta rAkhaze. zrIyuta dhumaketu emanI vArtAmAMnA pAtrA sAthe evA sahRdayI banI rahe che ane vArtAnA uThAva evI rIte guMthe che ke te prasaMga ApaNe baNe ke ApaNI AMkha samakSa dhIme dhIme vikasatA ane pratyakSa thate hAya eNma joie chIe; temAM ja lekhakanI kalamanI sArthakatA-sacoTatA rahelAM A sivAya cuMbana ae bIjI vAteA, vikalI vArtA, vineda vATikA aDAlajAkRta vIranI vAte-bhAga. 3 jo, huM karIzajanuM mahAtmya, puSpalatikA, samAjanI vedIpara, vagere vAcavA jevA vAttA~ graMthA che. jene haLavuM, mA~Lu ane hAsyapracUra sAhitya kahI zakAya, temAM dAla civaDAnI daza vAte, (jemAMnA pravezaka tenA lekhaka rA. rAyacurA viSe jANavA jevI mAhitI Ape che ) buddhinuM bajAra, DahApaNanA sAgara, mastaphakIranI mastI, mastakIranI vAte, uMdhiyuM, phaibA kAkInI vAtane samAveza thAya che ane temAMnA dareka lekhakanuM vyaktitva, temanI lAkSaNika zailIthI jUdu ane spaSTa tarI Ave che. aitihAsika navalakathAomAM gujarAtI, svadeza, gujarAtI paMca ane prajAbaMdhunI bheTA, kacchane kesarI, kacchajo nUra, aMgrejI rAjyane uSa:kALa ane sAraTane mutsaddI vIra, emAMnA viSayane lekhake sArA nyAya ApeleA che, ane gujarAtanA itihAsanA abhyAsI ane rasika vAcakabaMdhune kaccho nUra' e pustaka vAMcavAnI ame khAsa bhalAmaNa karIzuM. anuvAdanA graMthAmAM baMkImanI traNa vArtAo-puSpAMjalI nAmathI, ane devI caudharANI gAMDiva ma Mdira surata taraphathI, rAjamA` paNa eka baMgALI graMtha parathI--jemAM gAMdhI yuganI chApa paDelI che; menTekrisTa-jANItA phrenca lekhaka DumAnA vArtAnA bhA. 3-4, pArasamaNinI zodhamAM rAiDara hegArDanA King's Soloman's mines parathI; paMjAbanuM pracaMDa kAvatarUM baMgALI parathI, krAntikArI lagna-ruziyana vArtA parathI, jyuliyana vananI 80 diva 13

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graMtha ane graMthakAra samAM duniyAnI musApharI, yoginIkumArI bhA. 2-eka iTAliyana graMtha parathI sUcita, vagere vagere dhyAna kheMce che. ane bIjI sAmAnya kRtiomAM ajojI ThAkara bhA. 2, tAtI tatvAra madhyakAlIna bhAratanuM rAjapUtajIvananuM citra doratuM pustaka-sulatAnA rajhiyA, saMgrAma kSetra (chellI laDAIno khyAla ApatuM), haSikezacaMdra bhA. 4 vagere rasadAyaka jaNAze. junA lokasAhityamAM kathAvArtAnAM pAMca cha pustaka prasiddha thayAM che; kacchanI junI vArtAo, kAThiyAvADanI daMtakathAo, kAThiyAvADanI junI vArtAo-bhA. 2, gujarAta kAThiyAvADa dezanI vAratA-bhA 3, zeraDI zauryakathAo, soraThI virAMganAo, vagere, paNa temanuM vAcana rA. meghANI saMpAdita "rasadhAra'nA pAMca bhAganA prakAzana pachI phikakuM thaI paDe che. aitihAsika saMzodhananA namunA tarIke gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnA rajata mahotsava prasaMge dI. bA. kezavalAlabhAIno "yuga purANanAM aitihAsika to" e nibaMdha jema kiMmatI tema maulika che ane I. sa. nA pahelA sikAnI samAjasthiti para te sAro prakAza pADe che. khuzI thavA jevuM che ke e lekha IgrejImAM bihAra orissA rIsarca sosAITInA jarnalamAM hamaNuM prakaTa thayo che, tethI te bahoLo vaMcAIne vi6 varganuM vizeSa dhyAna kheMcaze. saMzodhananI sAthe jene ApaNe saMyogIkaraNa-synthesis kahIe, eTale ke upalabdha sAdhanone sArI rIte vAMcI tapAsI tene vyavasthita rIte saMyojI eka rasamaya ane vizvasanIya pustaka raju karavAmAM Ave, e jAtanuM pATanagara amadAvAda'nuM pustaka che. lagabhaga paNa rokApara lakhAyelA maganalAla vakhatacaMdanA pustakane ane amadAvAda gejhITIara, je baMne atyAra sudhI repharansanAM pustakapaNu aprApya jevAM hatAM, tenuM A pustake sthAna lIdhuM che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa e graMthamAM je uNapa ane doSa hatA te AmAMthI dUra thaI, sadarahu pustaka sthAyI upayoganuM tema te vAMcatAM AnaMda ane jJAna prApta thAya evuM sarasa banyuM che. jene kAcI sAmagrI-sAdhana pustaka source book kahIe e prakAranuM gurjara phaibasa sabhAe prasiddha kareluM rA. narmadAzaMkara dvivedI saMpAdita gujarAtanAM atihAsika sAdhano' nAmaka pustaka che, ane abhyAsIne te khacita mahatvanuM thaI paDaze. De. sara jIvaNajI jamazedajI medIe, sosAITI 14

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sana 1929nuM thaMca prakAzana taraphathI ApelA vArSika vyAkhyAnamAM, jemanA nAma parathI ApaNo deza gujarAta kahevAya che, temanA mULa nivAsasthAna viSe jANavA jevI hakIkata pUrI pADI che. prAcIna lekha saMgraha bhA. 1lAmAM munizrI vidyAvijayajIe Abu paranA utkIrNa lekhone saMgraha karyo che. svargastha devazaMkara vaikuMThajI bhaTTanuM sihoranI hakIkata, tema pArasI prakAza bhA. 3 ane darabAre akabarI e badhAM pustaka itihAsanA abhyAsIne upakAraka thAya evAM che. seraThI bahAravaTIA bhA. 2-3 bahAra pADI zrIyuta meghANIe ApaNA dezamAM briTiza amala pUrve, potAno virodha darzAvavAne grahaNa karavAmAM AvatI bahAravaTAnI prathA ane e lokanA nekaTeka ane zirasATAnAM sAhasa-jemanA mATe janatAmAM eka prakArano bhaya tema pakSapAta che, -nAM vRttAMta sArI mAhitI meLavI, rasika rIte varNavyAM che, tenuM vAcana rasaprada nivaDI, sAhasa ane zUrAtana mATe juo ne te mATe mAna ane prazaMsAnI lAgaNI pedA karaze. dezamAM rAjakIya hilacAla mATenI lAgaNuM hamaNAM hamaNAM khUba ane cAre dizAmAM prakaTI uThI che, tenA pariNAme e vicAra rAjakIya sAhitya ane lAgaNIne utteje ane baLa Ape evuM navuM sAhitya taiyAra thAya ja, ane te kSetramAM amerikAnuM svAtaMtrya yuddha, arAddhase sattAvananA baLavAnI bIjI bAju (mI. themsananA The other side of the medalnA sArarUpa anuvAda), ITAlIna mukitayajJa ane misarane muktisaMgrAma e mukhya che. jeo nAta jAtanA itihAsamAM rasa dharAve che, temane rA. dhanaprasAda munazI racita "bhArgava brAhmaNono itihAsa" e pustaka jevA vicAravA jevuM che. AjakAla AtmavRttA, smaraNa citro, neMdhapothI puSkaLa lakhAya -chapAya che; tethI cAlu ane pAchale itihAsajIvanacaritra banAvo viSe ApaNane ghaNuM navuM jANavA vicAravAnuM maLe che; paNa temAMnA ghaNAkharAmAM sthAyI ane tAttvika aMze jhAjhA nahi maLI Ave. tenI asara-rasa tAtkAlika ja mAluma paDaze. paraMtu mahAtmA gAMdhIjInuM satyanA prayogo-AtmavRttAMta, jema te gujarAtI janatA mATe eka kimatI bheTa-vArase che, tema sAhitya jagatamAM tenuM sthAna uMcuM ane anokhuM rahevAnuM ane keTalAMka cirasthAyI Atmakathane, jevAM ke Confessions of st. Augustine, Russ 15

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graMtha ane graMthakAra Oue's confessionsnI peThe navI ane bhAvi prajAne te graMtha preraNAtmaka ane baLapreraka thaI paDaze. gujarAtI bhASA mATe mahAtmAe je suMdara kArya karyuM che, ane te mATe mamatva prajAmAM ubhuM karyuM che; te sevA kArya kadI bhUlAze nahi. vaLI emanA pustakane deza paradezamAM judI judI bhASAomAM tarajumA thAya e, khare, gujarAtI bhASA mATe gauravabharyuM che; je ke mahAtmAjInA asAdhAraNa vyaktitvane ane prabhutAne hise temAM thoDe nathI. A yuganA gAMdhIjI jevA bIjA samartha prajAkIya netAo, lenina ane jhagula pAzAnA jIvanacaritra "amara mahAjana' e nAmathI "saurASTra kAryAlaye' bahAra pADyAM che ane eja saMsthAnuM dezabhakta-lAlAjI -lajapatarAyanuM pustaka mananIya jaNAze. eja kakSAmAM mUkI zakAya evuM bIjuM hAnuM pustaka zrIyuta vallabhabhAInuM caritra che; ane te bhAIzrI mahAdevabhAIe emanI mohaka ane vinodabharI zilImAM AlekhyuM che. zrIyuta nArAyaNa ThakakuranA vIra vairAgI ane gurU goviMdasiMha e nAmanAM be pustako hindu jAtinuM gaurava ane khamIra darzAvanArAM tema temanAmAM jusso ANanArAM che. dharmagraMthamAM zrIyuta mazarUvALAnA rAma ane kRSNa, buddha ane mahA vIranAM pustako AdaraNIya jaNAze; paNa janatAne dharma ane tatva- rA. jeThAlAlanA raseza zrIkRSNamAM vizeSa AnaMda paDaze. jJAnanuM sAhitya te eka bhaktipUrNa ane badhaprada pustaka che. tema IslA mana payagambara, cAra Izvarabhakta, dilojAna dasta, navanAtha kathAmRta, soraThI saMta, svAmI bhAskarAnaMdajI, bhagavAna caitanya deva, e pustako bhAvikone AkarSaze; ane vidyArthI baMdhuone zrIyuta nRsiMhaprasAda racita sutaputra karNa ane zrIyuta pAThakanuM bhAratanA bhaDavIro vAMcavAnI bhalAmaNa karI zakAya. paNa eka vicAravA jevo prazna e thaI paDayo che ke ApaNe ahiM ApaNAM dharmazAstra ane tattvajJAnane abhyAsa divase divase oche thato jo, bake nAza pAmato jAya che. ApaNI saMskRta pAThazALAo jyAM AgaLa vyAkaraNa, kAvya, nyAya, vedAMta vagere viSayo zikhavAtA te zikhanAra have koIka ja maLI Avaze; vastutaH kriyamANa ane jyotiSa, saMdhyAdi viSayo lenArA ghaNuMkharA maLI Avaze. ApaNA veda, darzana, upaniSadda, purANa vagere prati durlakSa thAya che ema sakheda kahevuM joIe. A sthitimAM gujarAtI 16

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana mAM e viSayAnuM-dhama ane tattvajJAnanuM paddhatisara adhyayana ane tenA aMge carcA ane vivecanane avakAza nahi jevAM hoya te zuM navAi pAmavA jevuM nathI ? je kAMI upalabdha thAya che te prAcIna dhama graMthAnuM navesara punaHmudraNa, anuvAda, bhASya ke sAra heAya che. svataMtra rIte tAttvika carcA ke tulanA karatuM, navIna dRSTibindu ke tulanAtmaka vicAra raju karatuM sAhityagraMtha javaleja prasiddha thAya che. AnI sarakhAmaNImAM pAzcAtya dezamAM dhama ane vijJAnane samanvaya karatA-catA ekathI vadhu lekhakeA dharmAcAryo ane vaijJAnika-jemake Dina IMja, De. khAsa, preA. vAhaiTaheDa ane pre. yuliyana hallI-maLI Ave che, ane te dha vicAranI pragatinI, sajIvatatAnI nizAnI che, jyAre ApaNuM dharma sAhitya sthitisthApaka, rUDhivaza, para parApara avalaMbatuM ane cetanarahita najare paDe che. AvA nirAzAmaya vAtAvaraNamAM eka AzAjanaka kiraNa gata varSanA prakAzanamAM najare paDe che ane te zrIyuta mArUvALAnuM jIvanazeAdhana' nAmanuM pustaka che. jema kAi abhyAsI, ekAda peAtAne priya ane sAnukULa viSaya laine yunivarsiTInI ema. e; vA pI. eca DI, nI padavI eka nibaMdha rajI karIne meLave che, evI jAtane A lekha che. temAM jete niNaeNyAtmaka vA nizcayAtmaka kahI zakAya athavA te carcAspada nahi heAya evuM, te lakhANa nathI. paNa eka abhyAsI, peAtAnA nirNayA, cAkasAi, pramANu, ta ane jJAna vaDe vibhUSita karI, teAlana ane abhiprAya mATe AgaLa dhare, evuM eka uMcI kATinuM te pustaka che, je carcA ane vivecana mAgI le che. vAstavika rIte ahiMnA 'majalise philasUphAna' jevA-study-circle abhyAsama`DaLamAM AvA gUDhaviSayanI jUdI jUdI daSTie carcA thavI Te che. jemake, lekhakabaMdhue jIvananuM dhyeya dharma, artha, kAma ane meAkSa, e caturva bhAgamAMthI chellA meAkSane sthAne jJAnane mUkavAnI dalIla karI che; paNa jIvananuM aMtima dhyeya meAkSa hAine, te zabda ja amane yeAgya ane vAjakhI lAge che. jJAna te tenuM-meAkSanuM sAdhana mAtra che; tethI je zabdaparaparA cheka parApUrvathI utarI Ave che, temAM e navA pheraphAra karavA keTale darajje vAstavika ane nyAyayukta thaze e muddo carcAvA ane vadhu vicArAvA oie chIe. vaLI sAMkhya dana viSe zrIyuta mazarUvALAe je vivaraNa Adhunika 17

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graMtha ane graMthakAra paddhatine anusarI ane vijJAnanI navI navI zedha ane vAdane lakSamAM laIne karyuM che, ne te para vizeSa prakAza pADI, keTalAka navIna dRSTibindu-abhiprAya darzAvyA che, te paNa tapAsAvA-vicAravA joIe chIe. paraMtu te kArya eka niSNAta samAlocakanA hAthe vA abhyAsImaMDaLamAM ja sArI rIte thaI zake. prastuta pustakanI peThe kaI navIna agara svataMtra graMtha nahi paNa dhArmika-tAvika viSayane dalIlapUrvaka carca, zrI tatvArtha nibaMdhasaMgraha zrIyuta manubhAI paMDayAne lakhelo che. aitihAsika dRSTie lakhAyala "rUdrAdhyAya ane liMga saMpradAya" e viSaya para zrI DolararAyane nibaMdha zivamatAvalaMbIoe khAsa jovo joIe; ane te zrIyuta durgAzaMkaranA zivadharma pustakanA anusaMdhAna-pUrtirUpe che, ema kahI zakAya. anuvAda graMthamAM zrIyuta jeThAlAlanuM aNubhASya agra sthAna le che; ane bIjAM AgaLanAM be bhAge-rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara ane prinsipAla AnandazaMkarabhAInA anuvAda graMtha-zAMkara bhAgya ane zrI bhASyanI paMktimAM mUkI zakAya evuM te uttama che; khAsa karIne temAM vistRta upaghAta darzanazAstranA abhyAsIne vicAraNIya jaNAze. aSTAvakra gItA, bhakti rasAyana, tattvArtha sUtra bhA. 1, jIvanasiddhi, TolasToyanA The Christian Teaching ne anuvAda, zrImatI bhagavatI sUtra, kASTAdhyAyI, sevAkuMja eka junA ITAliyana tatvajJAnanAM pustakane anuvAda-e sarva ApaNA dhArmika sAhityane samRddha kare che; ane te AvakAradAyaka prasiddhio che. pUrve ApaNuM loke, je niSThAthI ane bhaktibhAvathI, hiMdamAMnA dUra dUranA ane jUdA jUdA sthaLe AvelA tIrthasthAnanI yAtrA, aneka prakAranI agavaDo ane viTaMbaNAo veThIne karatA hatA, te mATeno prema ane Adara navA zikSita vargamAMthI, relve moTaro vagere pravAsanAM sAdhano ane bIjI anukULatAe vadhavA chatAM, ocho thato jAya che, ane keLavaNI pUrI thatAM ja ane saMsAra vyavahAramAM paDatAM agAu, ekavAra pravAse nikaLI jUdA jUdo anubhava meLavavo joIe, e dRSTie paNa te tarapha kAMI lakSa apAtuM nathI tethI ApaNuM pravAsasAhitya kaMgAla rahe che; ane je kAMI lakhAya che, te yAtrALuonI daSTie, mArgadarzaka ane mAhitI puratuM hoya che, jemake, kAzmIrathI

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana nepAla, nepAla ane AsAmano pravAsa vagere. munizrI jayanta vijayajIe Abu bhA. 1 lo. yAtrALuo mATe lakhe che; paNa temAM jANavA jevI aitihAsika hakIkata umerelI che. yAtrALu, itihAsarisiko ane abhyAsake saune rasa paDe ane AnaMdajanaka thAya evuM mAtra rA. durgAzaMkara zAstrInuM gujarAtanAM tIrthasthAno'nuM pustaka che ane te saMgrahavA jevuM che. amadAvAdanuM citra Alabama, rA. ravizaMkara rAvaLa amadAvAdanI mulA kAta lenArane mATe niyojyuM che; ane temAM ApelAM citra, sthApatya, citro viSe, sthApatyanI daSTie agatyanuM jANavA jevuM ane upayogI jJAna amadAvAdanuM sthApatya,rA.ratnamaNirAve lakhelA gujarAtanA pATanagara pustakamAMnA keTalAMka prakaraNe sudhArAvadhArA sahita, jUdAM chapAvelAM te Ape che. svataMtra citro doranAra citrakAre ApaNe ahiM jUja maLI Avaze. AjathI paMdareka varSapara ahiMnI myunisipala skulanA eka zikSaka sva. maganalAle, siddharAja ane rANakadevI ane hiMda mAtA e be citro kADhelAM; paNa tenI kadara tenA mRtyu bAda thaI hatI. paNa kumAra kAryAlaya' amadAvAdamAM nikaLyA pachI rA. rAvaLanI preraNA, protsAhana ane pracArakAryathI gujarAtIomAM kaLA prati eka prakAranI Asakti baMdhAtI jAya che; ane kaLAne anukULa ane uttejaka vAtAvaraNa ubhuM thAya che, ane tenI pratyakSa asaranAM pariNAma aneka maLI Avaze; temAM zrIyuta kanubhAI desAInuM citra Albama eka che; ane e bhAInI pIMchInI sarvatra prazaMsA thatI sAMbhaLIne ApaNane gujarAtIone svAbhAvika AnaMda thaI Ave che. ApaNA dezamAM vaidya hakImono teTo nathI. davAonI je bahoLA pramANamAM jAherAta thAya che, te batAvI Ape che ke Arogya, vedakanAM te mATe keTalI moTI mAgaNI hoya che; te pramANamAM e graMtha viSayanuM sAhitya paNa ThIka bahAra paDe che; paNa jene ApaNe anubhavasiddha ane khAtrIlAyaka kahI zakIe evuM alpa ja hoya che. ghaNAMkharAM te iMgrechaparathI ane prAcIna saMskRta vaidyaka graMthenA sAra ane anuvAda ja hoya che. vaLI zALAomAM ArogyanuM kaMIka jJAna apAya che, te kAraNe pAThayapustaka tarIke vAMcI zakAya evAM pustako racAya che. 19

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graMtha ane graMthakAra A gaye varSe prasiddha thayelAM graMthamAM hamaNAM hamaNAM jenA prati vizeSa lakSa apAya che, te dAMta, kSaya, AhArazAstra viSenAM pustako jevA jevAM che. Ayurveda vijJAna vaidya mahAdevaprasAde lakheluM, garbhavidyA, roga ane Arogya, dUdhane kharAka, IgrejImAM anuvAdo-tema nADIjJAna ane bhiSaja ratnAvalI vagere saMskRta parathI, hindane samasta zatru ane dArUnAM duHkha e madyapAna niSedha viSenAM pustake ApaNuM khAsa dhyAna reke che. cAlu keLavaNI paddhati-prAthamika ane mAdhyamika-ApaNe ahiM sudhArA ane pheraphAra mAgI rahI che. te mATe be varSa para keLavaNI viSayaka, eka kamizana paNa nimAyuM hatuM; paNa AjakAla bALakeLavaNIne prazna puSkaLa vicArAya ane carcAya che, temAM monTesarI paddhati jhAjhuM lakSa kheMce che ane tene lagatuM sAhitya-khAsa karIne dakSiNAmUrti vidyArthIbhavana-bhAvanagara taraphathI ThIka pramANamAM nikaLatuM rahe che. vaLI goMDala rAjya gujarAtI koSanuM kArya A LyuM che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa te sAthe ApaNane eka navIna vAcanamALA ApI che, e kAryanI neMdha levAnuM paNa ApaNe visaravuM joIe nahi. keLavaNanI peThe vyAyAma paNa janatAnuM vizeSa dhyAna kheMcI rahyuM che. gAme gAma pratyeka nizALamAM vyAyAmanI tAlIma vyAyAma pharajIyAta karavAnI dhagaza pedA thaI che; ane e pravRttine poSaka thAya evuM sAhitya paNa lakhAvA ane prakaTa thavA mAMDayuM che. jemake, rA. hararAyakRta ramata, kasarata ane DrIla, che. mANikyarAvanuM kasarata ane Arogya, zrI kAntanuM pustaka, taravAnI kaLA; temaja skAuTa mATenAM pustaka-khasusa karIne rA. gajAnananuM pustaka "skAuTiMga ane bIjI vAta" upayogI ane upakAraka jaNAze. che. vijJAnanI sAmAnya saMjJA heThaLa tenA judA judA vibhAgamAM nedhelAM yAdImAMnAM pustako paikI kaI evuM nathI ke je maulika vijJAna sAhitya vA mahattvanuM lekhAya. khetIvADI vibhAgamAM zrIyuta vAlajIta gerakSA kalpatarU, gaurakSA ane gausevAnI mahattA ane upayogitAnuM janatAne bhAna karAve che. sahakAra vibhAgamAM mI. breInanuM pustaka sekreTIsanI saphara, sahakAranA dhoraNe gAmaDAonI punaru racanA kevI rIte ane sulabhatAthI sAdhI zakAya te samajAve che. khagoLamAM 20

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana pratyakSa paMcAMganuM pustaka nakSatranI vAstavika gati parathI ApaNuM paMcAMga taiyAra karavAne ane cAlu paMcAMgamAM te pramANe sudhAro ane pheraphAra karavAno Agraha kare che, te vAjabI che. temaja hunnara udyogamAM pheTogrAphI ane zivaNakAma ane strIne zaNagAra e pustake te viSayomAM praveza karanArane hunnara udyoga kaLA madadagAra thaze. ApaNuM junuM dezInAmuM ghasAtuM jAya vagere che; ane navI buka-kipiMga-pAzcAtya dhoraNe cepaDA lakhavAnI rIti-no upayoga vizeSa thata-vadhatuM jAya che, tenuM jJAna meLavavAmAM rA. durgAzaMkara yAjJikakRta vyApAra vijJAna ane dezInAmuM pramANabhUta hoI te eka pAThaya pustakanI garaja sAraze. A sivAya metInAM toraNa, gharane zaNagAravAmAM sahAyabhUta thaze ane vAyolina zikSaka tathA saMgIta zikSaNa sutrAvalI, saMgItano paricaya karAvaze. rA. DuMgarazI dharamazI je koI prazna hAtha dhare che, temAM cheka uMDA utare che ane te viSayane sArI rIte chaNa, tene niSkarSa kADhI Ape che; ane emanA anya lekhonI peThe emaNe lakhele bhATIA vahANavaTAno june itihAsa keTalIka jANavA jevI mAhitI nedhe che; tema jugatarAma davekRta rAnIparajamAM reMTIo, navI khAdInI hilacAla garIbone Arthika madada meLavavAmAM kevI rIte upayogI thaI paDe tene ane khyAla Ape che. ApaNe ahiM vijJAnano abhyAsa tema saMzAdhana nahi jevuM che ema kahI zakAya. je kAMI abhyAsa thato haze te aMgrejImAM ane te kolejapAThazALAmAM; paNa tene-vijJAnanA lakhANane gujarAtImAM utAravAmAM pAribhASika zabdonI moTI muzkelI naDe che ane bIjuM e viSayane lokapriya karavAmAM sAmAnya janatAnuM vijJAnanuM jJAna eTaluM badhuM ochuM ane tenI e jJAnabhUmikA eTalI nIcI hoya che ke anya dezomAM keTalAka siddhAMto ane mAhitI janasamUhane paricita che ema svIkArI levAmAM Ave che paNa te dhoraNa ApaNA deza mATe basa thatuM nathI. cheka sAmAnya ane jANatI hakIkatathI tenI zarUAta karavAnI hoya che. vaLI e viSaya para lokopayogI vyAkhyAnamALA goThavavAmAM keTalIka vyavahArU muzkelIo aMtarAyarUpa thaI paDe che; jevI ke, tenA mATe yogya sthAnanI, jarUrI sAdhanonI, citronI, pravega karavAnI anukULatAnI aDacaNe hoya che, jethI kaMTALIne te kAma adhavaca mUkI devuM paDe che. 21

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graMtha ane graMthakAra kharuM kahIe to ApaNe ahiM jene vijJAnanI rasavRtti-ke vijJAna prati pakSapAta bias kahIe evuM bahu DuM najare paDaze. dAkhalA tarIke, sosAITI taraphathI sana 1925 mAM vijJAnanA judA judA viSayo para-jevA ke, khetIvADI bhUstaravidyA, prANavidyA (biology), vanaspatizAstra, samAjazAstra para pustaka lakhI ApavA jAherAta apAI hatI; paraMtu bIjI badhI zAkhAo jevI ke, sAhitya, ItihAsa, arthazAstra, jIvanacaritra vageremAM bhASAMtara mATe lagabhaga se lekhakoe mAgaNI karI haze; paNa prastuta vijJAnanA viSaya para lakSamAM levAya evI eka paNa judI arajI maLI nahotI; e uparanA anumAnanuM samarthana kare che. sAmAnya nIti ane jJAna vibhAgamAM bedhaprada, nItiSaka, sAmAnya jJAna ane mAhitI ApanArAM badhI jAtanAM pustakone sAmAnya jJAna samAveza karelo che; temAM peTA-vibhAga pADI zakAya; ane nIti paraMtu te sarva pustako jevA tapAsavAnI savaDanA abhAve tema karavuM anukULa thayuM nathI. rA. paramAnaMda kApaDIAe "aMta samaye " e zIrSaka nIce, ApaNe keTalIka aniSTa sAmAjika rUDhio para prahAra karI te sadaMtara tajavAne bhAra mUkyo che, tene tAtkAlika amala thavAnI jarUra che. sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlaye AryonA saMskAranI navI AvRtti chapAvI che, e paNa eka mahatvanuM pustaka che. jIvanasiddhi TelisTayanA The Christean Teaching ne anuvAda che, te anuvAda sAthe thayA che ane temAMnuM lakhANa vicArapreraka ane uttejaka jaNAze. gRhalakSmI baMgALI pustaka parathI ane sva. caitanyabALAnA gujarAtI bahene pratye traNa lekhe, strIdhinI ane suMdarIone zaMgAra-bhA. 2 e pustako bahenone gamaze; ane saMgraha graMthamAM-Common place books zubhasaMgraha bhA. 4 ane 5 ane sAdI zikhAmaNanA maNakAo bodhaprada ane upayogI vAcana sAhitya pUruM pADe che. rAjakIya vicAra ane hilacAla janatAnuM hamaNAM hamaNAM khUba dhyAna kheMce che paNa tene lagatuM sAhitya pramANamAM juja chapAya rAjakIya graMthe che; eziyAnuM kalaMka-emAM jApAne keriyAne kevI rIte dAbI rAkhyuM che tenI karUNa kathA cheH navA hiMdI rAjakIya sudhArAno prazna atyAre khUba carcAI rahyA che, temAM briTiza hinda 22

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana sAthe dezI rAjyone ze! ane kevA prakAranA saMbaMdha hAya tenuM nirAkaraNa sUcavatA, aTalara kamiTIneA rIporTa, ane amRtalAla zeThanuM, 'rAjasthAnatI samasyAe' e pustaka agatyanAM che. narImAna hArvarkasa, jAhera bAMdhakAma khAtAnuM kAmakAja kevuM aMdhera rIte thAya che tenuM pAkaLa phADe che; paNa e badhI prasiddhiomAM mahatvanuM ane sArI rIte lakhAyaluM pustaka bAraDeAlI satyAgrahane itihAsa' che. te jema rAjakIya laDatamAM eka navIna zastramA` prajAne khatAve che tema temAMnuM vRttAMta-gAmanuM ane grAmyajIvananuM vAstavika citra raju kare che. vaLI temAM lekhakanI samartha kalama tenI rasabharI ane ramujI vanazailIthI tema bhASA lAlityathI tenI rasikatA, saceTatA ane AkarSaNamAM era vRddhi kare che. zuddha sAhitya graMtheAmAM ApaNe prathama nibaMdha ane vivecananAM pustaka joie. kavitA ane sAhitya bhA. 4 mAM sva. sara niSadha vivecana ramaNabhAInA hAsyarasa paranA vistRta nibaMdha, emanI TuMkI vArtAo ane emanA kAvyAnA saMgrahane samAveza thayele che. e graMthamALAnA AgaLanA maNakAeAmAM ramaNabhAine eka tattvadarzI vivecaka tarIke ApaNane paricaya thayA hatA; paNa A pustakamAM ApaNe temane eka hAsyarasanA pravacaka, TUMkI vArtAonA prayAjaka ane eka vi tarIke joie chIe; ane te emanI nAmanA ane kIrtimAM umereA kare che, emaneA hAsyarasa khIlavavAnI khUbIne namuneA, emanI TuMkI vArtA 'cIThThI'mAM STigAcara thAya che. tee eka samatha ane kuzaLa prabaMdhakAra hatA, ema temane hAsyarasa paranA nibaMdha vAMcatA pratIti thaze; ane nyAyavRtti, namratA, prabhumAM zraddhA, satyazodhana ane sevAbhAva, je emanA jIvananA lAkSaNika guNA hatA te emanI kavitAmAM spaSTa rIte tarI AvatA ane khIlI dIpI uThatA joI zakAze. sAhityagraMthA madhyakAlina sAhityanA itihAsa khaMDa 5 me, e muMbAInI sAhitya saMsadanI pravRttinuM zrIyuta munazInI umadA mahatvAkAMkSAnuM suMdara phaLa che. ApaNA gujarAtI sAhityane pramANabhUta ane vistRta itihAsa lakhAtAM vilaMba thaze. je sAdhane atyAre upalabdha che, tenI prathama vizvasanIya noMdhatapAsa ane tAravaNI thavAnI jarUra che. hajI ghaNuM sAhitya astavyasta 23

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graMtha ane graMthakAra vikharAyeluM hAthapratamAM raheluM che, te pUruM jovAyuM ke tapAsAyuM nathI. vaLI e hAthapratanI sArI yAdI taiyAra thaI nathI; tema te jovA vAMcavAnI anukULatA paNa nathI. tema chatAM saMsade je akhatare jUdA jUdA lekhakane sahakAra meLavIne ajamAvI joyo che te stutipAtra che. ethI keTaluMka prAraMbhanuM kArya ukelAyuM che; bhAvi kAryakare mATe mArga khullo thayo che. sadarahu pustakanA guNadoSa, je evA zarUAtanA kAryamAM hameza hoya che te dekhItA che. amane te sAhasa gamyuM che ane prajAe tene satkAra karavo ghaTe che. zrIyuta caturabhAI paTele hAIskUlanA vidyArthIo mATe gujarjara bhASA sAhitya praveza nAmanuM eka nAnuM pustaka racyuM che, te navA zikhAune upayogI thaze. naivedya ane prAcIna sAhitya e be nibaMdhasaMgraha TAgeranA lekhonA anuvAda che; ane tenI A bIjI AvRtti che, e darzAve che ke, e jAtanAM sAhitya mATe ApaNe ahiM abhiruci vadhatI jAya che. udubedhana ane saMsAramaMthanamAM zrIyuta nhAnAlAlanA chUTaka nibaMdha ane vyAkhyAnone saMgraha thayelo che ane te emanA paripakava vicAra mATe temaja emanI sUtrAtmaka zailInA namunA rUpe AdaraNIya ane mananIya jaNAze. e saMgraha thavAnI jarUra ja hatI. - zrIyuta munazInuM suvarNayuganAM sarjana, e vyAkhyAna ApaNuM prAcIna itihAsane avalokI, emanI sarjaka kalpanAzakti ane prakhara buddhi, je managamya aitihAsika citro ApaNI samakSa vidhavidha raMge purI, ramya zailImAM raju kare che, tenI dIptinA tejamAM ApaNe mohavaza thaI jaIe chIe; evI te jAduI ane prabaLa asara utpanna kare che. nibaMdhalekhana ApaNe ahiM haju barobara vikasyuM nathI; paNa je be saMgraha gata varSamAM chapAI bahAra paDyA che te, "rasadhAra' kumArikA bahena vinodinInI prathama kRti, bhaviSya mATe sArI AzA upajAve che. ane pro. dukALanuM peyaNAM haLavu chatAM Takora karatuM, mArmika, buddhi vinAda sAthe vicArane uttejatuM nibaMdha lekhana anya lekhakone e mArga vicaravA preraze ema ApaNe IcchIzuM. have kAvya tarapha vaLIe. suprasiddha ItihAsakAra mekalee eka sthaLe kaheluM che ke jema sudhAre yAMtrika audyogika kAvyaprasiddhi yuga vadhato jaze tema kavitAne pravAha dhIme-maMda thate jaze. atyAre kAvyo ochAM lakhAya che, ema 24

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana to nathI; paNa AgaLa kavitAne je pratApa paDatuM hatuM, tenI jIvana para je bahaLI asara thatI hatI, tene te prabhAva ane teja ochAM thayAM che, ema ravIkAravuM paDaze. pahelAMnA peThe DAyare jAmyo hoya ane ekAda kavi, bhATa ke cAraNa vacce besI tenAM kavita lalakArato hoya, e kAvyavinoda sAMbhaLavAne atyAre koIne pahelAnA jeTalI mananI zAnita tema samaya paNa rahelAM nathI. vaLI lAMbAM kAvyo lakhavAnI prathA lagabhaga luptaja thavA beThI che ane vIrarasa kAvya to eka svapnavata banI gayuM che. ApaNane jANIne AnaMda pAmavAno che ke, gujarAtanA eka nAmAMkita ane agragaNya kavi zrIyuta nihAnAlAle, je graMtha ApaNuM prAcIna saMskRtinA amUlya vArasArUpa gaNAya che, tenA bharacaka ratnabhaMDAramAMthI "kurukSetra" nAmaka eka vIrakAvya racavAnuM AraMbhya che. tenA Aja sudhImAM cha kAMDa prasiddha thaI cUkyA che ane tenA vAcake taraphathI tenI prazaMsA thatI sAMbhaLI che. hamaNuM vaLI ema jANavAmAM AvyuM che ke eka kAvyaratna parIkSake te sAMbhaLIne-bhAvanagara rAjya taraphathI-kavizrIne AjIvana rU. 500) nuM varSAsana bAMdhI ApyuM che. IlAMDanA mAjI rAjakavi svargastha rabarTa brijIsanuM The Testament of Beauty nAmanuM eka lAMbuM kAvya ThAka, mAsa para prakaTa thayuM che, tenI khUba tArIpha thayelI che ane uttama kAvyo sAthe tenI tulanA ane gaNanA thAya che, tema gujarAtanA A mahAkavinuM "kurukSetra lokapriya nivaDI, te eka jIvaMta kRti thaze, evAM eka anupama ane apratima kAvyanA aMzo-guNa temAM rahelA jovAya-anubhavAya che. bIjAM kAvya pustakomAM kavizrI khabaradAranI bhajanikA ane rAsacaMdrikAne sAro sahakAra thayelo che; ane zrIyuta kezava zeThanA rAsa mATe satata mAgaNI rahyA kare che, ema temane rAsano chello saMgraha "rAsamaMjarI' kahI Ape che. strIvargamAM emanA rAse puSkaLa pracAra ane prasiddhi pAmyA che, te jema kavinI lokapriyatA tema emanA rAsonI sarasatA ane mAdhuryane. khAtrIlAyaka purAve che. zrIyuta meghANI saMpAdita cuMdaDInA be bhAga emanA anya saMgrahonI peThe AdarapAtra thayA che; paraMtu sAhityarasikone emanAM "RtugIto' ane khasusa karIne emanI svataMtra kRti "killola' vadhu AkarSaze. ApaNuM prAcIna lokasAhitya, kathAvArtA ane gItono punara dvAra, aitihAsika ane 25

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graMtha ane graMthakAra zAstrIya rIte karavAno yaza ane mAna, emane ja che, ane te badala prajA emanI hameza aNuM raheze. pro. baLavaMtarAyanA "bhaNakAra"nI pUravaNI, je kAvyaguNaparIkSaka che, temane khacita gamaze ja; paNa ucharatI navI prajAnuM mAnasa zrIyuta dezaLajI paramAranAM gaurInAM gItamAM sArI rIte jhIlAyuM che; temAM navayuvaka ane navayuvatinA manoratha ane Adarzane kAvyamAM utAravAno prayatna najare paDe che. A uparAMta punarAvRtti thayelA ane paracUraNa kAvyagraMthe moTI saMkhyAmAM maLI Ave che. nATaka mULe ja eAchAM lakhAya che; ane je gaNyAgAMThayAM maLI Ave che, temAM svataMtra ane saphaLa thayelI kRtio te jUja nATaka, ja hoya che. vaLI hamaNAM hamaNAM bAlanATako ane ekAMkI nATaka lakhavAno pracAra vadhato jAya che, e pragatisUcaka cihna che. dakSiNAmUrti bhavana taraphathI prakaTa thayeluM "bhayane bheda' sUcaka ane bALakane AnaMda Ape evuM eka nAnuM nATaka che. zrIyuta narmadAzaMkaranuM dhvajArepaNa, cAlu rASTrIya dhvajanI hilacAlane poSaka thaze. zrIyuta paMDayAnuM triveNuM paNa bAlamAnasa-tenA taphAnI ane TIkhalI svabhAvanuMadbhucitra dore che. bhASAMtara nATakamAM zrIyuta manasukhalAla jhaverInuM smRtibhraMza' ane rA. bAburAvanuM 'hAImATa', banne graMtho AvakAradAyaka umere dhruva svAminIdevI, kare che. paheluM kavi kAlidAsanA zAkuMtalano navesara anuvAdamULane anusarata che ane hAImATamAM arvAcIna trIjIvanane lagatA praznonI carcA che. paNa lokapriya nivaDelAM ane vadhu carcAyalAM evAM be nATake-dhruvasvAminI devI ane kAkAnI zazI zrI. munazInAM lakhelAM che. prAcIna devIcaritram nAmaka nATakane eka khaMDita bhAga prApta thayo che, temAMnI vastu laIne gupta samayanuM, khasusa karIne gujarAtanA itihAsanA eka vikaTa prasaMga para prakAza pADatuM, eka sarasa nATaka temaNe che. dhruva svAminI devIne jAjaramAna svabhAva ane viparita temaja vipada sthitimAM enuM TekIluM ane svamAnabharyuM vartana tema caMdraguptanAM parAkrama ane sAhasikatA; huNa saradArane gaMbhIra ane kaTokaTInA prasaMge siphatathI parAsta karavAmAM vAparelI kuneha ane khabaradArI tathA aMtanA bhAgamAM pitAnA icchita phaLanI prApti arthe teNe dhAraNa karelo eka gAMDA manuSyane svAMga-e saghaLuM nATakamAM rasamaya vAtAvaraNa

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana ubhuM karavAmAM saphaLa nivaDe che ane te cittane rokAyeluM ane raMjita-magna rAkhe che. paraMtu eka aitihAsika nATaka tarIke tenuM mUlya vizeSa che; chatAM emanI anya kRtio jevI ke, puraMdara parAjaya ane avibhakta AtmA jeTaluM sarasa to e nATaka naja kahI zakAya. emanI bIjI kRti kAkAnI zazI uparokta nATaka karatAM vadhAre loka priya nivaDI che; tenuM kAraNa, te nATaka sTejapara muMbAkAkAnI zazI. ImAM ane anya sthaLe bhajavAyuM che e kharuM; paNa te vadhAre AkarSaNa ane carcAnuM mukhya kAraNa banyuM te temAMnAM mukhya pAtra zazI, tenA pAlaka ane ucheranAra solisiTara manaharalAla jene zazI kAkA kahIne saMbodhatI hatI tenI sAthenuM lagna che. ApaNuM samAjamAM AvAM lagna cheka nathI ja thatAM ema kAMI nathI. eka bhatrIjI sAthe kyAM nathI paraNate ? vA eka Azritane moTI karI, tenI sAthe lagna karyAnA dAkhalA, jemake kalApI-bhanAnA paNa-mojuda che; tema chatAM cAlu rUDhinI viruddha hovAthI ane zrIyuta munazI jevA praNAlikAbhaMgavAdI tenA prayojaka hoI, samAjanA amuka varga taraphathI tenA prati sapta AkSepa thatA saMbhaLAyelA. paNa e nATakanI lokapriyatA ane vAhavAhamAM tenA virodhI pakSane avAja guMgaLAI gayo. ahiM kahevuM joIe ke temAM deSo che; te emanI uttama kRti nathI. paNa janasamUhanA raMjanAtha dAkhala karavA paDelA aMze temAM vadhu pramANamAM che; tethI te nATaka lokacine gamyuM che, ane paMkAyuM che, e nirvivAda che. rA. caMdrazaMkare nATakanI mULa vastu kevI rIte ubhavI hatI tenuM sUcana "be ghaDI moja'mAM sadarahu nATaka viSe lakhatAM karyuM che, ke munazInA paMcagInInA baMgalAnA mALIe, enI pAlaka Azrita sAthe lagna kareluM te parathI enuM vastu levAyuM che, paraMtu je kaIne temAM apaharaNane doSa jeva-zodhavo ja hoya to, jANItA ziyana nATakakAra tajaniphanA becalara" nAmaka nATakanI chAyA-asara, nakala jANe ajANe utarI AvatI hoya evuM kaMIka bhAse che. emaNe zazInA lagnanA praznane trIjIvana, strIjIvananA samAna hakaka ane svAtaMtrya sAthe e sAMkaLI ane thI dIdho che ke lekhaka pote e lagnagraMthI jeDI tenI hAMsI kare che ke prazaMsA kare che, e samajAtuM nathI. AkhA nATaka daramiyAna lekhaka taddana taTastha vRtti sAcave che, e tenI khUbI che. 27

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- graMtha ane graMthakAra koSa ane repharansanAM pustakamAM zrIyuta ketakarano prayAsa, marAThI jJAna koSane gujarAtImAM utAravAne jema bhagIratha, tema jokhama kiSa-repharansa graMthe. bharelo che, mAtra anuvAdathI e kArya sare ema nathI. tenI saMkalanA ane tenA sAdhananI taiyArI karavAmAM racavAmAM svataMtra gujarAtI lekhaka maMDaLa ubhuM thavuM joIe ke, je enuM taMtrI maMDaLa bane. - gujarAtI joDaNuM koSa prakaTa karIne gujarAta vidyApIThe zuddha bhASA lekhananA kAryamAM ghaNuM saraLatA karI ApI che ane tene pracAra ane upayoga vadhatAM, je aniyamitatA ane acokasa dhAraNa lekhanamAM sAmAnya rIte atyAre pravarte che, te dhIme dhIme vaparAzathI ane TevathI ochuM thaI jaze, ema amAruM mAnavuM che. * eja rIte gujarAtImAM atyAra Agamaca prakaTa thayelAM pustakonI vistRta ane vargIkRta eka yAdI-ATha hajAra graMthonI chapAvI, vaDodarAnA pustakAlaya sahAyaka sahakArI maMDaLe kharcALa sAhasa kheDI, eka mahatvanuM ane prazaMsApAtra kArya karyuM che. jema ApaNuM sAhityano abhyAsa - jhINavaTathI uDe ane vadhu vadhato jaze, tema tenI upayogitA ane mUlya samajavAmAM Avaze, ane tenI kadara paNa thaze. - , - zrIyuta DAhyAbhAI derAsarIno paurANika kathAkoSa, "narmakathAkeza 'ne - paDakhe rAkhe che eTaluM ja nahi, paNa ApaNuM kAvyasAhityanA abhyAsIne repharansa ane upayoga mATe vizeSa madadagAra thAya tevo che. upara pramANe gata varSanA prakAzananuM kAmapuratuM ane muddAsara 'nirIkSaNa karyA pachI, dezamAM e varSamAM kevI sthiti pravartatI hatI ane samAjamAM kevuM parivartana thaI rahyuM hatuM, te tenA paDakhe mUkI joyAthI cAlu A vastusthitine yathArtha ane spaSTa khyAla AvI jaze. - e varSamAM mahAtmAjIno maNimahotsava ujavAI prajAe e mahA puruSa pratyeno pitAno pUjya bhAva, prema ane bhakti mukhya neMdhavA gya pradarzita karyo che; vaDodarA-nareza sara sayAjIrAve - banAve. rA. bA. rAjaratna haragoviMdadAsabhAIne sAhityamArta - 7no suvarNacaMdraka apI, e vayovRddha sAkSaranI lAMbI sAhitya sevAonI kadara bu0; gujarAta sAhitya sabhAe 25 varSa pUrAM thatAM, rajata utsava nimitta, pATanagara amadAvAda' e nAmanuM eka mahatvanuM, mUlya 28

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana vAna ane daLadAra pustaka-sacitra-prasiddha karyuM ane pahelavaheluM lekhana-saMmelana bharyuM. te pachI turataja, gujajara taNoe, surata najadika AvelA DumasamAM bIjuM lekhaka saMmelana yojyuM hatuM; e badhuM paraspara saMbaMdha joDAvA, nikaTa paricayamAM AvavA ane eka prakArano bhAIcAre vadhAravA, ucharatA lekhakavargamAM je utkaMThA ane lAgaNuM uddabhavI che, tenI zubha AgAhI che. AvAM saMmelananA lAbha aneka che, e samajAvavAnI jarUra ja nathI. " AvuM trIjuM saMmelana bAlasAhitya lekhakanuM bhAvanagaramAM dakSiNAmUrti vidyArthI bhavananA nimaMtraNathI maLyuM hatuM. ApaNe agADI joI gayA chIe ke hAlamAM bAlasAhitya sArI saMkhyAmAM ane saMtoSa pamAya evuM bahAra paDe che. paraMtu phakta tenI saMkhyA para, temAM thatA umerA tarapha najara na rAkhatAM, tenI taiyArImAM ucca ane ziSTa dhoraNa sacavAya; temAM vividhatA ane navInatA Ave; te pAchaLa kaMika udeza ke bhAvanA mUrtimaMta rahelAM hoya, e guNapramANa saMkhyA karatAM mahatvanuM gaNAvuM joIe. uparokta saMmelanano Azaya amArA samajavA pramANe bALasAhitya viSe mukhya siddhAMtanI carcA karI mArgadarzaka ane madadagAra nivaDe, evI koI saMkalanA, kAryakrama ke vyavasthA ubhI karavAno hato. te vakhate carcA ane vicAra vinimayArthe zrImatI tArAhena moDake vAMcelo bAlasAhitya viSeno lekha e viSayanA abhyAsIe, khAsa karIne bAlasAhityanA maNakAone upayoga karanAre vAMcavA jevo che. e prasaMge zrIyuta gijubhAI badhekAne keLavaNInA kSetramAM emanA suMdara kArya mATe ane navuM bAlasAhitya racavAmAM ApelA saMgIna phALA mATe raNajItarAma suvarNacaMdraka arpaNa karavAmAM Avyo hato, e paNa eka noMdhavA jevI bInA che. sArAnI sAthe mAThA banAvomAM pUjya vayovRddha paMDita jayakRSNa IdrajInA avasAnathI ApaNe vanaspatizAstrane eka pUrepUro avasAna neMdha. niSNAta, buddhizALI, bahoLe jANakAra ane anubhavI abhyAsI tathA vidvAna purUSa khAya che. e viSayamAM jemanuM jJAna pramANabhUta lekhAya evA gujarAtIomAM teo ekalA ja ane ajoDa hatA; vaLI je pratiSThA ane mAna, 28

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graMtha ane graMthakAra itihAsa ane purAtattvanA viSayeAmAM, sva. paMDita bhagavAnalAla IMdrajIe prApta karyA hatAM, tevuM uMcu` sthAna svastha e vidyAnA niSNAtAmAM meLavyuM hatu.emanuM vanaspatizAstranuM pustaka ane kacchanI vanaspationuM pustaka, jema kimatI ane kAyama upayAganA graMthe che, tema e viSayamAM rasa lenArAone madadagAra ane mAdaaeka paNa thaze. khIjuM avasAna vadhAre khedajanaka che; tee kAIgraMthakAra nahAtA; paNa strIkeLavaNI mATenI dhagazathI jyAM jyAM emaNe potAnuM pravRttikendra jamAvyuM hatuM, tyAM tyAM strI keLavaNIne pracAra karavA, tene kSetra-vistara vadhAravA ane tene gati ane vega ApavA puSkaLa zrama sevele eTaluMja nahi, paNa potAnA Adamaya raheNIkaraNI ane sevAkAthI temanA nikaTamAM AvanAra sA kAI nA cAha saMpAdana karelA; ane aneka mitre ane vidyArthInIee-jeo chApAmAM kavacit lakhe che, emanA mRtyu viSe chApAmAM pA ane lekhA mAkalelA te batAve ke, maranAra zrIyuta dANI keTalA badhA dilaseAja ane lokapriya hatA. emanuM akALe ane nhAnI vaye thayaluM avasAna kharekhara eka gamagIna banAva che. paNa A sAne DhAMkI de ane prajAmAM naveA, vadhu vegavAna jussA ane jora pedA kare evI dezamAM vyApI rahelI rAjakIya pravRtti hatI. kalakattA kaiAngrese aMtima rAva kauM hatA ke-sana 1929nA varSa daramiyAna sarakAra taraphathI sasthAnika svarAjya ApavA kAMi paNa prayAsa thatA mAluma nahi paDe teA tenI Akhare bIjI keAngresanI beThakamAM saMpUrNa svarAjyanuM dhyeya jAhera karavuM.. TraeNzasthiti. te arasAmAM aphagAnistAnamAM bakheDe zarU thayA, ane zAha aminullAne rAjagAdI cheADavI paDI; bIjI tarapha mahAtmAe briTiza mAlanA ahiSkAranI laData AraMbhI ne AkhA dezamAM paTana karavA mAMDayuM. te Agamaca sAyamana kamizananA bahiSkAra jAmIja rahyA hatA. trIjI tarapha kAmyunisTeAnuM-sAmyavAdIonuM jora vadhavA mAMDayuM ane te aLane ugatuM cAMpI devA sarakAre mirata kesa ubhA karyAM. sAthe sAthe dhArAsabhAmAM jAhera salAmatInuM khIla ( kharaDA) ANyuM'. paNa paristhiti lakSamAM laI pramukhe te para rUlIMga ApI, tene vadhAre carcAtuM aTakAvyuM. te vakhate ja dhArAsabhAmAM emba paDacA, Public safety bill 30

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sana 1929nuM graMtha prakAzana vaLI rAjadvArI kedIoe jelasattAnA aghaTita ane sakhta vartana ane aMkuza viruddha virodha rUpe upavAsa Adaryo, temAM jatIndra bAbunuM mRtyu thayuM; ethI deza vadhAre khaLabhaLI uThyo. evAmAM IMglAMDamAM kAmadAra varga-labour party adhikArapara Avyo. cothI tarapha sAyamana kamizana ane eIja opha kanseTa kamizana -saMmati vaya kamiTIne kAryakrama cAlu hatA, tenI dhamAlamAM vaLI hITalI kamizana, pachAta koma sudhAraNe tapAsa kamiTI ane benkIMga InkavAyarI kamiTIthI vizeSa umero thayo. pAMcamI baTalara kamiTInA rIpeTathI rAjA mahArAjAe vicAramAM paDI gayA, ane temanA taraphathI IglADa DepyuTezana mokalavA teo adhIrA thaI rahyA. chaThThI tarapha neharU rIperTamAMnA kamI pratinidhitatvano bhAga musalamAna birAdaro ane hAnI kemo, jevI ke zikha vagerene pasaMda na paDavAthI e rIperTa khoraMbhe naMkhAyo; ane jANe ke A badhI caLavaLa, dhamAla, mane vyagratA ane ciMtA puratAM na hoya tema aspRzya jAtinA baMdhuoe maMdira praveza mATe satyAgraha zarU karyo. dezanuM rAjakIya vAtAvaraNa varSAraMbhathI taMga, uzkerAyeluM ane jhaTa bhabhuke laI uThe evI tapta sthitimAM hatuM temAM upara neMdhAyelA banAvothI vizeSa becenI ane ajaMpo upasthita thaIdezane mAmalo vadhAre gaMbhIra ane kaThina banI rahyo. tenA nivAraNa arthe ane pharI zAnita vyApe e hetuthI hiMdI rAjakIya sudhArAno prazna carcavAne nAmadAra vAIsaroya lorDa Irvine Round Table Conference-sarva pakSanI pariSada-bharavAnuM jAhera karyuM; tadartha Disembara mahinAnI adhavacamAM tenA kAryakrama saMbaMdhI samajutI karavA pAMca agresara hiMdIonuM eka DepyuTezana mahAtmAjInI saradArI heThaLa vAIsaroyanI mulAkAte gayuM; paNa rAjakIya sudhArAnI carcAmAM saMsthAnika svarAjyanA baMdhAraNanA praznane mukhya ane mahatvanuM sthAna ApavA paratve matabheda upasthita thatAM, saghaLI bAjI palaTAI gaI; samAdhAnInI AzA vyartha gaI ane chellI lAhora kanTese saMpUrNa svarAjyano TharAva pasAra karyo eTaluM ja nahi, paNa sarakAre lokamata ane loka lAgaNIne avazya

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graMtha ane graMthakAra mAna ApavuM ja joIe, e siddhAMta para, deza mATe dAda meLavavA ane samasta jagatanuM te prati dhyAna doravA mahAtmAjIe AgevAnI laI prathama anyAyI mIThAnA karanA kAyadAne savinaya bhaMga karavA-beThe baLa AdaravA-page kuca karatA karatA surata jIllAmAM valasADa pAse AvelA dariyAparanA dAMDI gAme javAnuM nakakI karyuM. A badhuM eTaluM tAjuM che, smaraNacitra para uMDuM kAtarAI gayeluM che, ke tene nideze mAtra basa che. A pahelAM jagate aneka sazastra yuddhanI kuce joI che, jemake hanIbAlanI, elekajhAMDaranI, nepoliyananI; paNa tenI sarakhAmaNImAM mahAtmAjInI amadAvAdathI dAMDInI 79 satyAgrahIo sAthenI, niHzastra sainikonI kuca ItihAsamAM ajoDa ane sarvopari lekhAze ane te satyAgrahanI laDatanA kIrtistaMbharUpa thaI raheze. te kuca kaI svArtha mATe, koI lAbhanI prApti artha, koI jAtanA vijaya, sattA ke dhanasaMpAdana mATe nahatI; paNa kevaLa nyAya khAtara, dezanA hakka ane svAtaMtrya khAtara; nyAya, nIti ane satyanA dhoraNane avalaMbIne hatI, jene samAna dAkhalo bIjA keI dezamAM athavA koi samayamAM nahi maLI Ave. nyAya, nIti ane satyane anusarI thayeluM koI kArya kadI niSphaLa gayeluM ke ahitakAraka nivaDeluM jANyuM sAMbhaLyuM nathI; balake samasta prajAone itihAsa ane sarva dharmone upadeza ekaja sanAtana satya uccAre che ke satyameva jayate. 3ra

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pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI. (sana 1929) pustakanuM nAma. amInA (bIjI AvRtti) azveja hAkeAra bhA. 2 jo AjakAlanI keLavaNI eTale samAjanI sandhyA, prathamakhaMDa ( khIjI AvRtti ) uMdhiyuM eMsI divasamAM duniyAnI musApharI aMgrejI rAjanA uSa:kALa ane pIMDhArAone dauradamAma kacchanI jInI vArtAo kacchajo nUra kacchane kesarI yAne ghegheA ane canesara kAunTa Apha menTakrIsTe bhA. 3, 4 kAThiyAvADanI daMtakathAo kAThiyAvADanI junI vArtAo bhA. 2 jo krAntikArI lagna kRtajJI kezara konI kharI? navalakathA lekhaka vA prakAzake. kAkilA kauTilya bhagavAna khalakanA khela bhA. 1 le khubasuratInuM khappara gujarAta tathA kAThiyAvADa dezanI vAratA bhA. 3 jo zayadA. uchaMgarAya ke. ojhA. puSpa, cheATAlAla DAhyAbhAi jAgIradAra. 1997 prabhudAsa suMdarajI naMdANI, raNacheADalAla harilAla bhaTTa. 20-0 1-8-0 rAjArAma jIvarAma. 4-0-0 vrajalAla bhagavAnalAla chAyA. 1-8-0 nArAyaNa vasanajI dekura eka grejayueTa. dhIrasiMha vherAbhAI gAhIla, gAviMda premaza'kara trivedI. raNacheDajI kesurabhAi mIstrI. zivajI devasiMga zAha. harilAla vallabhadAsa. kimata. 3-8-0 1-8-0 0-12-0 guptadatta. eka. mI. 33 -0-2 3-0-0 (darekanA) 2-0-0 28-0 0=2=0 2-0-0 ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI. 2-0-0 kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI. 2-0-0 ratilAla bhANajI Thakkara. 18-0 1-8-0 1-8-0 01710

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graMtha ane graMthakAra gaMgA-eka gurjara kathA- IcchArAma sUryarAma desAI 1-4-0 cuMbana ane bIjI vAte prasthAna kAryAlaya. 1-4-0 jherI jamAta bhramara.' 0-2-6 TaLavaLatA turAba (bIjI AvRtti) e. ela. kuMDalAvALA 1-4-0 DahApaNano sAgara jadurAya da. khaMdhaDIA 1-8-0 DiTekaTIva jayantanAM abhUta nAgaradAsa I. paTela 2-8-0 parAkramo dAlacIvaDAnI dasa vArtAo gokuladAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 1-8-0 dvirephanI vAte rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka 1-4-0 devI caudharANuM gAMDiva sAhitya maMdira 1-8-0 taNakhA bhA. 2 je dhUmaketu 1 -8-0 tAtI talavAra cAMpazI vi. udezI 1 -4-0 navanidhane saMsAra athavA eka durlabha slAma dhruva vaidyakavi 1-8-0 adhuruM bhaNelA hiMdu yuvakanI karmakathA na kahevAyelI vAta chelazaMkara goviMdajI zukala 0-8-0 pradhAnaputrInA parAkramo ramaNalAla nAnAlAla 0-100 pASANa pratimA yAne mAnavamUrti pramodarAya vra, mahetA pArasamaNinI zodhamAM naTavaralAla vimAvALA 2 -0-0 (brahmAMDane bheda khaMDa, 2 ) puSpAMjali ramaNikalAla jayacaMda dalAla 1-0-0 puSpa latikA cunIlAla jayazaMkara ojhA 1-0-0 - pRthurAja cauhANa ane maNilAla chabArAma bhaTTa 1-4-0 caMda-baradAI (chaThThI AvRtti) pRthvIrAja cauhANa ane hatabhAgI puSpa 0-12-0 hiMdustAna bhA. 1lo (bIjI AvRtti). che ke, bhA. 2 je ( , ) , 0-1ra-0 premanA jAdu madhukara" 1-0-0 paMjAbanuM pracaMDa kAvataruM sacIndranAtha sAnyAla 1-8-0 - bhA. 1, 2. (gAMDiva sAhitya maMdira) phaIbA kAkI choTAlAla DAhyAbhAI jAgIradAra 1-8-0 phensI phArasa jadurAya da. khaMdhaDIA 34 2-0 2 -8-0

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bhAnu ane khIjI vArtAo buddhinuM bajAra mastaphakIranI vArtAo masta phakIranI mastI (bIjI AvRtti) meAgala zahenazAhatanI rajaputa ramaNIe ceginI kumArI bhA. 2 jo rasanAM caTakAM raNavIranI talavAra rasilI vAttA~ rAjamA pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI lAlakuMvara vilAsamAM vinAza vinAda-vAMTikA vizva grAMtinA vinAza vIranI vAtA, bhA. 3 jo vIrahAka zivAjInI suratanI lUTa (cothI AvRtti.) zIrInanI kahANI samAjanI vedI para sAmAjika TuMkI vArtAo skAuTiMga ane bIjI vAtA sultAnA rajhiyA sneha samAdhi seAraDI vIrAMganAnI vArtAo seAraDI samazera sAraThI zauya kathAo mIsIsa jhINI ke. pemAstara jadurAya 6. khaMdhaDIA 'masta kIr' sayada xIjha husena zrImAn vizvavaMdya 'ekAra' sArahane mutsadI vIra saurASTranI rasadhAra, bhA. 1 leA (bIjI AvRtti) 3-4-0 1-8-0 bAlakRSNa cunIlAla jezI 1-8-0 gAkuladAsa dvArakAMdAsa rAyacurA 1--8-0 mahAzaMkara IMdrajI ve 310-0 dInazA navareAjI pAvarI 1-8-0 3-8-0 caMdulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa kizAra-vakIla kAntilAla lakSmIzaMkara bhaTTa tArAcaMda pI. aDAlajA 1-0-0 22-0 zayadA 3-8-0 sva. IcchArAma sUryarAma desAI 14-0 sva. dAdI tArApeAravAlA 'nira'jana' zrImALI zubhecchaka kAryAlaya gajAnana . bhaTTa 'sAdIka' ratilAla bhANajI Thera gokuladAsa dvArakAMdAsa rAyacurA guNavaMtarAya AcAya jikumAra 2-0-0 0-12-0 1-8-0 2-0-0 1-0-0 caMdulAla jeThAlAla vyAsa jhaveracaMda medhANI 35 5-0-0 ra -0-0 ......... 1-0-0 3-8-7 01710 -0-0 0-10-0 1-8-0 ==4-0 1-0-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra saMgrAma kSetra saMta tukArAma halIkezacaMdra, bhA. 4 tho huM karIzajanuM mAhAtya jyArAma bhavAnIzaMkara badhekA 4-8-0 "puSpa" 0-12-0 rAmaprasAda kAzIprasAda desAI 3-9-0 surendra bhA. pAThakajI }--- bhAlacaMdra gaNapatarAma vyAsa itihAsa, amerikAnuM svAtaMtrya yuddha jIvaNalAla hariprasAda divAna 0-4-0 arADhameM sattAvananA baLavAnI cunIlAla puSetamadAsa bAreTa -3-6 bIjI bAju ITAlIne muktiyajJa narasiMhabhAI IzvarabhAI paTela 0-6-0 iMglenDanA ItihAsanuM prathamadarzana mahAzaMkara pipaTabhAI AcArya 1-0-0 khaMbhAtane itihAsa ane citya- zrI sthaMbha jaina maMDaLa -0 paripATI gujara-gujarAtane nAma ApanArA DaoN. jIvanacha jamazedajI modI 0-ra-0 gujarAtanAM aitihAsika sAdhano narmadAzaMkara vallabhajI dvivedI 1-0-0 gujarAtanuM pATanagara amadAvAda ratnamaNirAva bhImarAva diveTIA 4-0-0 geTa ve opha InDiyA sI. ena. vakIla 0 -5-0 darabAre akabarI sAdIka" pArasI prakAza-daphatara 4thuM rUstamajI barajorajI 2-0-0 bhA. 3 je (I.sa. 1905-1996) prAcIna lekha saMgraha, bhA. 1 lo. zrI vidyAvijayajI 2-0-0 barajera nAmuM (sacitra) dhanajIbhAI ena. pATila 5-00 bhArgava brAhmaNano ItihAsa dhanaprasAda caMdAlAla munazI 3-0-0 misarane muktisaMgrAma, jhaveracaMda meghANI 0-12-0 khaMDa 1 le. mevADanI jAherajalAlI dhanajIbhAI viThThaladAsa paTela 1-0-0 (navamI AvRtti.) yuga purANanAM etihAsika to dI. bA. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva 0-8-0 rAmane itihAsa AtmArAma motIrAma divAnajI 0-1236 3-8-0

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pustakonI vargIkRta yAdI vicAra svAtaMtryano ItihAsa khuzavadana caMdulAla ThAkara 1-0-0 sihoranI hakIkata devazaMkara vaikuMThajI bhaTTa 2-0-0 seraThI bahAravaTIA, bhA. 2 je jhaveracaMda meghANI 1-8-0 , , bhA. 3 1 -4-0 saMskRtinI utpatti ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI 1-1300 hindanA ItihAsanI vAte bharatarAma bhAnusukharAma mahetA 0 -1ra-0 hindanI prajAne TuMko ItihAsa ema. ema. kAmadAra 0-11-0 hiMdustAnane zALApayogI itihAsa karasanadAsa nAraNadAsa bukaselara 2-0-0 jIvanacaritra, amara mahAjana kakalabhAI koThArI 0-12-0 AtmakathA, bhA. 2 je mahAtmA gAMdhIjI IslAmanA payagambara hakIma badra nijhAmI rAhatI ....... IcchArAma sUryarAma desAInA naTavaralAla icchArAma desAI ............... sAkSarajIvananI rUparekhA kRSNa janmASTamI utsava bAlakRSNa kAzInAtha vihAMsa 0-2-0 gurU goviMdasiMha nArAyaNa visanajI Thakura 1-10-0 cAra Izvarabhakato . 0-0-3 cetanya prabhu narmadAzaMkara bAlAzaMkara paMDayA ..... caMdragupta maurya jayasukharAya pI. jozIpurA 0-10-0 choTubhAI kRSNarAma bhaTTane umiyAzaMkara jezaMkara mahetA .... smaraNAMjali dilejAna dosta himmatalAla 0-1- narasiha mahete gajendrazaMkara lAlazaMkara paMDayA 0-10-0 navanAtha kathAmRta, bhA. 1 tathA 2 zivazaMkara goviMdarAma yAjJika 4-0-0 nelsananuM jIvanacaritra hIrAlAla harajIvana gaNAtrA 1-0-0 puruSottama mahArAjanuM caritra buddha ane mahAvIra kizoralAla gha. mazarUvAlA bhagavAna citanyadeva narmadAzaMkara bAlAzaMkara bhAratanA bhaDavIro rAmanArAyaNa nA. pAThaka 37

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graMtha ane graMthakAra mukuTa lIlAmRta-paMcama biMdu- paMDita jagannAtha prabhAzaMkara 0-12-0 raseza zrI kRSNa yAne zrIkRSNa jeThAlAla govardhanadAsa zAha 2-0-0 caritra rAma ane kRSNa kizoralAla gha. mazarUvAlA 0-10-0 lAlAjI (naravIra) kakalabhAI koThArI ane jhavera- 0-10-0 caMda meghANuM vaDodarAmAM cAlIsa varSa goviMdabhAI hAthIbhAI 1-8-0 vIra vairAgI nArAyaNa visanajI Thakkara 1-10-0 vIra vallabhabhAI mahAdeva haribhAI desAI 0-2-6 zrImALI brAhmaNa jJAti ane kAzIrAma bhAIzaMkara ojhA 2-0-0 agragaNya strIpuruSo bhA. 1lo. che , bhA. 2 je premI" 2-0-0 (zrImadAgha) zaMkarAcArya durgAzaMkara kalyANajI dave 0-6-0 smaraNAMjali umiyAzaMkara jezaMkara mahetA * * svAmI bhAskarAnaMdajI nAjukalAla nA. cokazI 1-4- svAmI rAmadAsa bAbAjI tArAkizora caudharI 1-8-0 kAThiyAnuM jIvanacaritra sUtaputra karNa nAnAbhAI kAlidAsa bhaTTa 0-3-0 soraThI saMto (bIjI AvRtti) jhaveracaMda meghANI 0-10-0 (zrIyuta rAjyaratna) harilAla govi- puruSottama bhANajI parIkha 0-10-0 ndajI parIkha emanuM jIvanacaritra. bhUgoLa, sthaLa varNana-pravAsa. amadAvAdanuM Alabama (sacitra) ravizaMkara ma. rAvaLa 2-0-0 Abu, bhA. 1 lo jayantavijayajI 1-0-0 kAzmIrathI nepALa haricaMda lakSmIcaMda mahetA 2-0-0 gujarAtanAM tIrthasthAno durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI 1-0-0 nepAla ane AsAma pravAsa maNilAla jagajIvana dvivedI 0-14-0 hindustAna ane eziyA khaMDa prItamarAya vRjarAya desAI 05-0 (sAmAnya) 38

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puratanI vargIkRta yAdI "puSpa" lalitakaLA, sthApatya. kanu desAinA rekhAcitro kanu desAI 2 -0-0 amadAvAdanuM Alabama ravizaMkara ema. rAvaLa 2-0-0 amadAvAdanuM sthApatya ratnamaNirAva bhImarAva nATaka, amerikana DokaTara puSpa' 0 -4-0 apaTuDeTa sempalsa 0-12-0 akakalanA namunA 0-8-0 Adarza gAmaDuM svAmIzrI paramAnaMdajI 0-6-0 Idu kumAra, bhA. 2 'kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-8-0 (bIjI AvRitta.) kAkAnI zazI kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI 1-4-0 triveNuM yazavaMta paMDayA 0 -5-0 dhvajAropaNa narmadAzaMkara paMDayA 0-5-0 dhruva svAminI devI kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI 1-4-0 nirAdhAra IrAnI ena. balasArA 1-0-0 prahalAda 0-8-0 prema kuMja (navI AvRtti) kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-0-0 bhayane bheda dakSiNAmUrti vidyAthI bhuvana * * rAjarSi bharata kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-8-0 vizvagItA 1-8-0 zaMkuntalAnuM saMbhAraNuM 1-4-0 smRti bhraMza manasukhalAla maganalAla jhaverI 0-12-0 hAImATa bAburAva ge. ThAkara 0-8-0 kavitA. AtmavikAsa bhajanAvali mAnacaMda kuberadAsa paTela 1-0-0 (bIjI AvRtti) AdhyAtmika bhajanapada puSpamALA munizrI nehAnacaMdrajI 1-8-0 umA gItAvaLI (bIjI AvRtti) guNasuMdarI kAryAlaya 0 -5-0 jugatarAma dave

Page #52
kalleAlinI ( khIjI AvRtti) kAThiyAvADI duhA kAvya samuccaya, bhA. 1 leA. (bIjI AvRtti.) kAvyAnaMda nidhi, vibhAga 4 thA indirAnaMda lalitAnaMda paMDita 1-8-0 killAla jhaveracaMda medhANI lallubhAI chaganalAla desAI 20-0 kIrtanasaMgraha, bhA. 2 je kurukSetra-zarazayyA yuga palaTe kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 0-10-0 0-8-0 39 (bIjI AvRtti) --mahAsudana (,,) 22 kRSNa kumArI gajendra meAkSa stAtra gIta saMgraha gujarAtI duhA saMgraha gaurInAM gItA cA yAtrA cuMdaDI, bhA. 1 lA bhA. 2 jo 29 caMdra dUta chellAM AMsu bhA. 1, 2 cheTamanI vANI, graMtha 3 jo janeAinAM gItA graMtha ane graMthakAra jIhutI jA jaMge rUstama sAharAkha (zrI) dayArAmakRta kAvya maNimAlA, bhA. 5 me nirjhariNI niraMjana gItA paMcaDaMDa ane bIjAM kAvyA e hAtha joDI 0-12-0 dAmeAdaradAsa khu. eTAdakara gokaLadAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 1--0-7 rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka 1-0-0 ,, "" 01210 0-10-0 0-12-0 ', "" amRtalAla ena. bhaTTa maMgalezvara se|manAtha bhaTTa sItArAma nathubhAI meAtIlAla tarAttama kApaDIA 0-4-0 dezaLajI paramAra zAntizakara ve. mahetA jhaveracaMda meghANI ...s 0-8-0 01110 0-310 0-14-0 0-100 0-10-2 ', manasukhalAla ma. jhaverI ' puSpa ' sastuM sAhitya vaka kAryolaya 1--0-0 harizaMkara vidyAthI aradezara kharazerjI desAi * --2-0 zAvakazA dvArAzA k nArAyaNadAsa paramAna dadAsa zAha 1-12-0 1-4-3 0-2-0 01110 dAmeAdaradAsa khu. eTAdakara 0--12-0 cunIlAla tribhuvanadAsa bhAyANI 10-0 manulAla raNacheDalAla majamudAra 1-8-0 munizrI cheTAlAlajI 7-4-2 40

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pustakaeNnI vargIkata yAdI ******** bhajanikA aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 0-14-0 bhajanAvaLI bAzI mAjI rAjabA sAheba 2-0-0 bhaNakAra-pUravaNa baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkora 0-12-0 meghadUta kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-4-0 raNadaMdubhI jayakRSNa sI. suratI 0-3-0 rasiyAnA rAsa gokuladAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 1-0-0 rAsa taraMgiNuM (cothI AvRtti) dAmodaradAsa khu. boTAdakara 9-10-0 rAsa caMdrikA aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 1-0-0 rAsa maMjarI kezava ha. zeTha 0-14-0 rAsa maMdira (bIjI AvRtti) gokuladAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 1-0-0 rAsa, bhA. 2 je (bIjI AvRtti) kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-0-0 RNachoDanI vANI, bhA. 2 je adAsa umedabhAI paTela ****** Rtu gIta jhaveracaMda meghANI 0-12-0 RSi vANuM je. bhesAnI 2-0-0 lagna gIta cunIlAla maganalAla paTela varasAdane kehera (chaThThI AvRtti) mahAdeva rAmacaMdra jAguSTa 0-6-0 visanagarA nAgara strImAM gavAtAM gIto ... ... vibhunI vATe vallabhajI bhANajI mahetA 0-12-0 vividha dhoLa tathA padasaMgraha, lallubhAI chaganalAla desAI 1-0-0 bhA. 2 je. vedAMta prakAza maMjarI, bhA. 2 je. rAghavajI mAdhavajI zarmA vairAgya zataka maNilAla IrachArAma desAI 0--8-0 (zrI) satsaMga subodha ratnamALA goviMdalAla kalyANajI parIkha 1-0-0 sAhitya kuMja lakSmIzaMkara mAMkaDa strotasvinI dAmodaradAsa khu. boTAdakara 0-12-0 harilIlASoDaza kalA, bhA. 2 je aMbAlAla bulAkhIdAsa jAnI 0-12-0 hadayanI rasadhAra jadurAya DI. khaMdhaDIA dharma ane tatvajJAna, aspatamAna jarathustranI kepTana sorAbajI rUstamajI bamanajI 0-10-0 jaMdagI ane zikSaNa

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graMtha ane graMthakAra aSTAvakra gItA ema. sI. bhaTTa 1-8-0 amRta tava yAne amara bedha chaganalAla ghelAbhAI mahetA 2-8-0 AtmA ane punarjanma jhAra hAsIma yusapha bharUcA 0-6-0 AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama sukhalAlajI saMgajI paMDita 0-6-0 upaniSada jyoti, bhA. 1-2 maganabhAI caturabhAI paTela 4-0-0 (darekanA) karma vicAra, bhA. 3 je [udaya prabhudAsa becaradAsa pArekha 0-8-0 kanyA zikSaNa lallubhAI chaganalAla desAI 0-2-0 kusumAvali sAkaralAla gaNezajI zAstrI 1-0-0 gaNapati pUjA bAlakRSNa kAzInAtha vidAsa 0-8-0 gajendra mekSa stotra maMgalezvara seminAtha bhaTTa .......... gItAbhyAsa cunIlAla zAmaLajI trivedI 1-0-0 cAra izvarabhakate 0-0-3 corAzI vaiSNavanI vArtA lallubhAI chaganalAla desAI 1-4-0 jarUra ATaluM te vAMcajo ja harilAla gaNapatarAma zAha 0-2-0 jagata gurU ahamada valImahamada 0-8-0 jIvana zodhana kizoralAla gha. mazarUvALA 0-12-0 jIvanasiddhi sAkaralAla amRtalAla dave jaina dIkSA vADIlAla motIlAla zAha 2-0-0 tattvajJAnanAM nibaMdha manubhAI vidyAnaMda paMDayA 1-0-0 tattvArtha sUtra, bhA. 1 lo paMDita sukhalAlajI 0-12-0 dharma pravacana vijaya dharmasUri niraMjana gItA cunIlAla tribhuvanadAsa bhAyANI 1-0-0 jUrI zedha-bodhavacana- gaNapata nUrI ravAmi prabhumaya jIvana (trIjI AvRtti) maNilAla nabhubhAI dozI -8-0 puruSottama sahastra nAma stotra bhadrazaMkara jayazaMkara zAstrI 1-0-0 puSTimArgIya siddhAMta zekhara harizaMkara omakAra zAstrI -4-0 puSTimArgIya siddhAMta athavA raNachoDalAla vaMdvAvanadAsa paTavArI -8-0 zuddhAdvaitanA mULato , bhA. 1 lo (bIjI AvRtti.) paMca ratna gItA sastu sAhitya vardhaka kAryAlaya 0-6-0 42

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pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI kare haranAmuM khaseA bAvana vaiSNavanI vArtA brahmavAda ane mAyAvAda (zrImad) brahmasutrANubhASya, bhA. 2 jo (a. 3-4) ALa bhAgavata bhagavad gItA (zrI) bhaktarAjanI puSpamALA, prathama bhAga. (zrImad) bhagavatI sUtra bhakti rasAyana mAMgarAlanI gAdInA mahAna AlIAe meta upara vAeja (trIjI AvRtti) rUdrAdhyAya ane liMga saMpradAya viSNu sahastra nAma viSNu sahasranAma vIra dharmAMte Dha DherA vIra stuti ( dvitIyAvRtti. ) veda mAya athavA rudrASTAdhyAyI vedAMta prakAza ma'jarI, bhA. 2 jo vaiyAzika nyAyamALA zrInAthajIne itihAsa satyanArAyaNanI kathA sevAku ja pAlanajI barajorajI desAi jeThAlAla geAvanadAsa zAha IzvaralAla maganalAla zAha jeThAlAla geAvanadAsa zAha (zrI) jJAna sUryodaya, pUrvAdhadvitIyabhAga jJAnAmRta zrImatI maMjudevI paDayA vihAro 1-0-0 malhArajI bhaktarAja mANekalAla 1--4-0 jamanAdAsa zrI zikSApatra-bRhathahirarAyajIkRta suMdaralAla maNilAla zuddAdvaita siddhAMta ...GOO munirAjazrI nyAyavijayajI hiralAla jIvarAjabhAI puruSottama jogIdAsa bhaTTa rAdhavajI mAdhavajI zAM gheTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTa lallubhAi chaganalAla desAi bhagavAnadAsa harakhacaMda dozI 10-0-0 meAtIlAla ravizaMkara gheADA harageAvanadAsa harikazanadAsa 1-00 --}-0 jeDAlAla gAvanadAsa zAha ......... 21010 DaoN. jIvanajI jamazedajI mAdI 0-12-0 DIlararAya mAMkaDa 0-4-2 vinAyakarAva mANekalAla ma. ma. mahetA meAtIlAla jeThAlAla -~ 31010 nIlakaMThadAsajI zAstrI 43 0=7-0 ha ......... 0--1-5 ....... 01310 28-0 ......... 1-8-0 04-0 10-0 -7-0 0-5-0 malhArajI bhaktarAja mANekalAla 2~~0-0 jamanAdAsa ......... 1-4-0

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graMtha ane graMthakAra Arogya, vaidaka vagere. akasmAta ane ocIMtI mAMda rUstamajI edalajI zeThanA 0-8-0 gInA tAtkAlika ilAje AhAra zAstra azvina bhAnusukharAma mahetA 0-14-0 Arogya (bIjI AvRtti) prabhuzaMkara narabherAma vyAsa 0-12-0 Arogya darzana (chaThThI AvRtti) ratilAla cunIlAla divAna 0-6-0 Arogya vijJAna ane gRhavyavasthA bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma 0-8-0 Ayurvedasiddha vijJAna mahAdevaprasAda nArAyaNazaMkara zAstrI 1-0-0 keTalAka rege, bhA. 1-2 Do. caMdulAla sevakarAma dvivedI 0-12-0 garbhavidyA prANalAla prabhAzaMkara bakSI 0-12-0 gAmaDAnuM Arogya reva. je. rAjasa cAra roga 0 -0-3 tandurastI ane zahera sukhAkArI Do. dInazA bamanacha mAstara 0-2-0 (bIjI AvRtti). dama, zvAsa agara hAMphaNa jaTAzaMkara jezaMkara dave 1 -8-0 dArUnA duHkha o-o-3 dAMta ane tenI mAvajata esa. je. mevAvAlA 02-0 dUdhane khorAka: teno camatkAra bI. pI. mAdana 1-12-0 | (cethI AvRtti.) nADIjhAna taraMgiNI mahAdeva rAmacaMdra jAguSTa 2-0-0 (trIjI AvRtti.) nADI jJAna tathA anupAna taraMgiNa pUrNacaMdra acalezvara purohita 2-0-0 [bIjI AvRtti ]: (zrI) bhaSajaya ratnAvalI ane jeThAlAla devazaMkara dave 5-0-0 cakradatta-pUrvAdharega ane Arogya sevakalAla mANekalAla dave 1-5-0 vilAyatI kakazAstra harilAla valabhadAsa 1-8-0 (bIjI AvRtti) vaidyanA anubhUta prayogo jeThAlAla devazaMkara dave 1-8-0 sAmarthyathI prApti 1-8-0 hADapiMjara kezavarAva bAbArAva diveTiyA --0 44 | HIMPITT HITTTIIN

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pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI hiMdane samasta zatru DevIDa premacaMda 0-1-0 hisTIriyAdi vAtoga darzana chaganalAla lalubhAI zAha 1-4-0 kSayaroga nivAraNa vaidya jaTAzaMkara jezaMkara 1 -8-0 kSaya eTale zuM? (bIjI AvRtti) 3. prANajIvanabhAI 0-2-0 keLavaNI. gharamAM menTesarI tArAbahena meDika dvitIya menTesarI saMmelana DolTana yojanA harabhAI trivedI prAthamika keLavaNI paddhita lAlabhAI amathAbhAI 1-12-0 bALa keLavaNuM bApubhAI jAdavarAya vaiSNava 0-13-0 bhagavatasiMhajI vAcanAlaya ********* (ATha purata) bhagavatasiMhajI pAThaya puratakamALA 0-6-0 gu. pustaka-1, 2, 3. (darekanA) bhUmiti bhUmikA cImanabhAi DAhyAbhAI paTela 0-4-0 mAnasazAstranI dRSTie zAntilAla sArAbhAI ojhA 0-13-0 zikSaNakalA meMTesarI paddhatine AtmA narendra sikaMdararAya desAI 1-ra- rakhaDu ToLI-prathama khaMDa gijubhAI badhekA vidyAzALA himmatalAla kalyANajI bakSI 1-0-0 zabdapothI mANekalAla harilAla 0-2-0 zikSaNano zAstrArtha maganalAla dalasukharAma 0-11-0 hidI zikSikA DAhyAbhAI rAmazaMkara ThAkara 0-12-0 vyAyAma, kabIMga e. bI. 0-4-0 kasarata ane DIla hararAya amulakharAya desAI 0-12-0 kasarata ane Arogya pre. mANikayarAva gujarAta vyAyAma pariSada choTubhAI bAlakRNu purANa ******* gharamAM ramavAnI ramata bAlubhAI karasanadAsa (navamI AvRtti.) 45

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graMtha ane graMthakAra taravAnI kaLA vIrabALA mArgadarzikA zrIkAnta mukuMdarAya mahetA 0-7-0 leDI vidyAgavarI ramaNabhAI 0-6-0 nIlakaMTha gajAnana u. bhaTTa harakhacaMda lakSmIcaMda 0-4-0 bApubhAI kuberadAsa paTela 0-6-0 skAuTiMga ane bIjI vAto sUrya namaskAra sUrya bhedana 1-0-0 vijJAna. khetIvADI: khetIvADInI pAThamALA, bhA. 2 je dulerAya sI. aMjAriyA 0-12-0 gorakSA kalpataru vAlajI goviMdajI desAI 0-6-0 ubhi zAsaH siMha-kudaratanuM avalokana mArtaDa zivabhadra paMDayA 0-6-0 madhu makSikA ane bhramara indravadana dalasukharAma desAI 0-11-0 zAlI hetra yAne azvavidyA maganalAla gulAbabhAI desAI 1-0-0 siMha mArtaDa zivabhadra paMDayA 0-6-0 sahakAraH jarmanImAM sahAkArya dvArA khetI- ramaNalAla nAnAlAla ****** vADInI khIlavaNuM DenmArkamAM sahakAra raziyana dezamAM sahakAra sahakAra maganalAla dvArakAdAsa zAha 1-8-0 sekreTIsanI saphara breIna khagoLa-tiSa: tArAzAstra chelazaMkara maNizaMkara 0-12-0 nakSatramALA narahari dvA. parIkha 0-1-0 pratyakSa paMcAMga harihara prA. bhaTTa 0-2-0 bhaviSya phaLa vAsudeva zAmaLadAsa vaidyazAstrI 0-8-0 46

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pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI sacitra trikALa jJAnadarzaka athavA caMdrakAnta sI. zAha adbhuta vidyAonA mahAsAgara, graMtha 1 leA. sAyana jyAtiSa mArgIpadezikA, lallubhAI geAkaLadAsa paTela prathama bhAga hunnarApayeAgI: phoTogrAphI meAtInAM tAraNa vyApAra vijJAna ane dezInAmuM zivaNakAma, bhA. 1 le strIne zaNagAra vahANavaTuH bhATIA vahANavaTAnA jIne itihAsa bhustarazAstraH bhU racanA mATInA prAkRttika ItihAsa janArdana yazavaMta dIdhe kasanajI jIvarAja meAtIvALA durgAza'kara zivazakara yAjJika jAnakIbAi pradhAna gulakhAnu hArmasa azAstraH rAnIparajamAM reTIe mAnasazAstraH maneAkhaLa DuMgarazI dharamazI samAjazAstraH samAja zAstranA siddhAMtA sa'gItaH vAyelina zikSaka zakara dattAtrya pAka saMgItanA itihAsa-uttara hiMda-vibhrakumAra zivarAya desA saMgIta zikSaNa sUtrAvalI nArAyaNuzakara paMcAkSarI savitAvhena trivedI jugatarAma dave 50-0 prabhulAla mItamalAla paDhiyAra 47 . meAtIlAla uttamarAma alamaulA 0-11-0 kezavalAla nAnAlAla dIkSita 0-13-0 1-4-0 2 0 0 0-12-0 --}=0 0-12-0 1-8-0 0-40 0-12-0 0-12-0 0-14-0 =}-0 900000... q=~.

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graMtha ane graMthakAra gaNitaH dhanagTa gaNita yAne carasa nAraNadAsa mathurabhAI desAI 2-0-0 lAkaDAnuM parimANa muMbAInA vyApArI hisAba ravizaMkara e. mahetA ane 2-0-0 dalapatarAma ke. dave. sAmAnya jJAna ane nIti. arpaNa suzila 0-12-0 AryakumArikA mAvajI dAmajI zAha 0-2-0 Arya saMsAranI samIkSA choTAlAla haragoviMdadAsa Adarza kumAra amRtalAla cunIlAla modI AryonAM saMskAra (bIjI AvRtti) motIlAla jeThAlAla . 0-8-0 AhAra yA jIvanayAtrA khuzAlacaMda puMjIrAma baherA -4-0 aMta samaya paramAnaMda kuMvarajI kApaDIA ........ kusumAvali satsaMga sudhA kAryAlaya-boTAda 1-0-0 gujarAtI bahene pratye traNa lekho sva. sai. caitanyabALA 0-11-0 gRhalakSmI mahAzaMkara Indra dave cAritra maMdira maNilAla nabhubhAI dozI 0-8-0 cANakya nItisUtro prasannakumAra maNilAla desAI cAra AMsu khalIpha 1-4-0 jagata pAchaLanuM jagata AnaMda" 0-1ra-0 jIvanasiddhi sAkaralAla amRtalAla dave 0-00 jIvana vaheNa vasaH nAyaka 0-12-0 jIvana ane vartananA mahAna niyama viThThalarAya haimatarAya pradhAna 0 -4-0 nArIdhama prakAza (bIjI AvRtti) zAstrI lakSmIrAma krIznadAsa 0-10-0 pavitratAne paMthe (pAMcamI AvRtti) maNilAla nathubhAI dozI .... pragatine paMthe premacaMda vidhAnaMda paMDayA 1-1-0 pArevA gokuladAsa dvArakAdAsa rAyacurA 0-8-0 bhAnu smRti jagamohanadAsa dharamadAsa ***** mAnava dharma muni mahArAjazrI nyAyavijayajI.**** rAmakRSNa upadeza ravAmI brahmAnaMda 48

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pustakAnI vargIkRta yAdI ruDhibaMdhanane cheDe lagna ane bhaviSyanI mAtA vamAna strIjIvana vijayanI cAvI vIra dharmane DhaDhere (bIjI AvRtti) vIra dharmAMtA punarAhAra vRddhe lagnanA bhavADA zubha saMgraha, bhA. 4 the bhA. 5 me '' sAdI zikhAmaNa, bhA. 5 me ( khIjI AvRtti ) sAdI zikhAmaNa, bhA. 6 ThTho sAmAjika sukharUpatA strI meAdhinI sumedha ratnAkara (bIjI AvRtti) suMdarIonA zaNagAra, bhA. rajo sevA mA sayama sAmrAjya krAMti aTalara kamiTInA rIpe bAraDelI satyAgrahane! itihAsa rAjasthAnenI zamasyA cheTAlAla ghelAbhAi meAhanalAla nareAttamadAsa zAha 1--1-0 hArave narImAna badanakSI kesa mAvajI dAmajI zAha aMbAlAla zivalAla paTela munirAjazrI nyAyavijayajI 29 maganalAla zakarabhAI rAjakIya. eziyAnuM kalaMkaH kArIAnI kathA jhaveracaMda meghANI (trIjI AvRtti) . 29 kAntilAla sArAbhAi jhaverI sastuM sAhitya vardhaka kAryAlaya --8-0 1-8-0 3-0-0 maganalAla zaMkarabhAI cImanalAla gAMdhI vallabhajI bhANajI mahetA kara geApALajI odhavajI manubhAi ela. jodhANI prabhuzakara narabherAma vyAsa maNilAla nathubhAI dozI 29 zakaradatta pAtIza kara zAstrI saurASTra kAryAlaya mahAdeva hirabhAI desAI amRtalAla 4. zeTha satyaprakAza kAryAlaya sAhitya, vivecana-nibaMdha. * 100 01110 -~. ..... ........ 01110 3-0-0 0-11-0 o=2-0 10-0 1-8-0 0--1-0 0-6-7 0-20-0 0--3-0 400 * Coo 0-12-0 1-8-0 50 - 0 sAhityaH kavitA ane sAhitya, bhA. 4thA ramaNabhAI mahIpatarAma nIlakaThuM 1---0-0 prAcIna sAhitya ravindranAtha TAgora 49 027 000

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graMtha ane graMthakAra 4-00 madhyakAlIna sAhitya, khaMDa pa. sAhitya saMsada vArtAzelI phirojazAha rU. mahetA. vyAkaraNa: gujara bhASAsAhitya praveza caturabhAI puruSottamadAsa paTela 0-8-0 nibaMdha: udabodhana kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma --0-0 gadyAvali AzAbhAI na. paTela 1-12-0 naivedya (bIjI AvRtti) narasiMhabhAI IzvarabhAI 0-8-0 pariSada pravRtti, bhA. 3je baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkora 0-12-0 puSpAMjali latIpha" poyaNAM jayendrarAva bhagavAnalAla dUrakALa 2-0-0 phulaguMthaNI sAMkaLacaMda bhUlAbhAI cuDagara 0-8-0 rasadhAra misa vinaMdinI 2. nIlakaMTha 0-10-0 sAhityamAM navIna dRSTibindu "dhUmaketu' suvarNayuganAM sarjana kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI saMsAra maMthana (bIjI AvRtti) kavi nAnAlAla dalapatarAma 1-8-0 keSa-jJAnakoSa vagere repharansa pustake. ATha hajAra gujarAtI pustakonI pustakAlaya sahAyaka sahakArI 8-0-0 vargIkRta nAmAvali maMDaLa li. gujarAtI pustakAlaya mATe vargIkRta che , paddhati gujarAta pustakAlaya sarva saMgraha 0-12-0 gujarAtI jJAnakoSa pu. 1 Do. ketakara jamIna jAgIrane bhomIo dAmodaradAsa revAdAsa 5 -8-0 jeDanuM keSa gujarAta vidyApITha 30-0 puratakAlaya sarva saMgraha puratakAlaya sahAyaka sahakArI 1-0-0 | maMDaLa li. paurANikathA ke, bhA. 3je DAhyAbhAI pI. derAsarI kAyadA-kaTa keza vagere. khaDaga bahAdure karela hirAlAla | prANajIvana ke. desAI 1-4-0 agravAla khuna kesa ane rAja- } kumArI mayAdevI kesa 1-0-0 0 0 0 0 *

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puratanI vargIkRta yAdI E* DAnsara mIsa meDa elana badanakSI kesa , 0-820 hAra narImAna badanakSI kesa satyaprakAza kAryAlaya 5-0-0 hindu" kesa gulAbabhAI raNachoDajI desAI * * bAla sAhitya, bAla sAhityamAlA (naM. 1) [zrI dakSiNAmUrti prakAzana maMdira) AkhA seTanA rU. sADA pAMca; chUTaka aMkano deDha Ano. jugatarAmanA pATha zrI jugatarAma vai zrI gijubhAI gadheDuM ne gheTuM dAdA darzane bAla nATaka 2 savArathI mAMDIne kudaratamAM motIyo rAmajIbhAi paDI gayA ! maMgezane popaTa zrImatI tArAbahena meDika dhabIDa dhue che zrI gijubhAI pIrU ane chANuM thApI AvyAM zrImatI tArAbahena mAmAnI jAnya zrI gijubhAI vADAmAM : rojanIzI bALakone bIrabala-2 cheTAM rahejo mAbApa zrI rAmabhAI pAThaka mArI gAya zrI. gijubhAI kamaLAbahenanA pATha zrImatI kamaLAbahena giri zikharo zrImatI tArAbahena 51

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kALA hAtha, kALI dADhI khaLAvADa ane pUchuM ! AtarAtI dIvAlA-1 ,, mu caritra gUjarAta-mahArASTra joDakaNAM kahevata sa`graha harizcaMdra 22 ema kema ? sAjA rahIe graMtha ane graMthakAra vyAkaraNa peAthI varata saMgraha ramata joDakaNAM bALa DAyarI cApagAMnI caturAI khIrabalanA khandhu (bIjI AvRtti) khAyaNAM gadheDAnuM rAja kharI purI (bIjI AvRtti.) kula (trIjI AvRtti.) jAduI hAra (bIjI AvRtti) makanA mastAnA bhUla bhUlAmaNI savAkAnI ApavItI aMgALI rakhala alidAna khATI khATI vAtA zrI gijubhAI 99 19 zrI. kAkA sAheba 99 ,, zrI. gijubhAI gijIbhAi ane tArAnhena zrI. gijubhAi 99 99 zrImatI tArAbDena zrI. gijubhAi 29 29 "" 21 29 12 ,, gijubhAI ane tArAnhena gAMDIya sAhitya madira (naM. 2) vallabhadAsa akkaDa ane naTavaralAla vimAvALA naTavaralAla vimAvALA 21 99 "" 19 ', izvaralAla vimAvALA naTavaralAla vimAvALA 29 ,, para 39 35 cImanalAla prANalAla bhaTTa naTavaralAla vimAvALA .. 99 99 : : : : : 0-3-0 0-4-0 0-8-0 0-1-0 0-1-0 -4-0 01110 04-0 0--1-6 0--1-0 ---7 ==}-0 7-5-0 04-0

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pustakaeNnI vargIkRta yAdI sipAI dAdA 0-2-6 bALa vihAra, bhA. 1 IzvaralAla vimAvALA 0-12-0 miyAuM (bIjI AvRtti) naTavaralAla vimAvALA 01-0 dhUpasaLI ( 9 ) by , ane 0 -4-0 vallabhadAsa akakaDa vasaMta bAlazikSaNa pracAramALA.(naM. 3) [zrI dakSiNAmUrti prakAzana maMdira.] guracha bIje bALa gRha zrI. gijubhAI navI daSTi zrImatI tArAbahena moDaka 01-0 davAkhAne jaI caDyo zrI. gijubhAI 0 -1-0 bALa prema zrImatI tArAbahena meDaka bALakanI mAgaNuM ne haTha 0-1-0 tephAnI bALaka zrI. gijubhAI 0-1-0 bALakanI AvaDatanuM pradarzana zrImatI tArAbahena meDaka sAMjanI meje zrI. gijubhAI . 0-1-0 DhIMgalInI ramata zrImatI tArAbahena meDika navA AcAre zrI. gijubhAI 01-0 [bAlajIvana kAryAlaya (naM. 4) nAgaradAsa I. paTela vasaMta (bIjI AvRtti.) sau. aryamana mahetA svAmIbhakta surapALa mAdhavarAva bhAskararAva karNika 0-2-0 AnaMdadhArA, bhA. 19 ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha 0-6-0 >> , bhA. 2 0-8-0 AnaMdakuMja bhA. 1le sArI sArI vAta 0- 8-0 phulamALA, bhA. raje 0-12-0 bAvalAnAM parAkramo sau. haMsA mahetA 1--0-0 haMsa rANuM ramaNalAla nAnAlAla zAha 0-8-0 bola hAsya 0 -9-0 deza dezanI daMtakathAo 0 -8-0 pradhAnaputrInAM parAkramo 53 ajita 0 0

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mInI mAzI khIleArI pahADa sUtaputra ka [bALagraMthAvalI] (naM. 5) zrI rIkhavadeva tema rAjula zrI pArzvanAtha prabhu mahAvIra vIra dhannA mahAtmA dRDha prahArI abhayakumAra rANI elaNA caMdanabALA islAmIkumAra jaMbusvAmI amarakumAra zrIpALa mahArAjA kumArapALa pethaDakumAra vimaLazAha vastupALa-tejapALa emA dedarANI graMtha ane graMthakAra jagaDuzAha dharma mATe prANa ApanAra mahAtmAe ~-~ 0-3-0 29 nhAnAbhAi kA. bhaTTa 0-3-0 [dhIrajalAla TAkarazI zAha] dareka seTa naga20nI 22 arjunamALI cakravatI sanatkumAra gaNadhara zrI gautamasvAmI bharata bAhubali A kumAra mahArAjA zreNika vIra bhAmAzAha mahAmatrI udAmana mahAsatI aMjanA rAjarSi prasannacaMdra mayaNa rehA caMdana malayAgiri kAna kaThiyArA munizrI harikeza kapila muni sevAmUrti nadiye zrI sthUlibhadra mahArAjA prati prabhu mahAvIratA daza zrAvakA svAdhyAya [carotara ejyukezana seAsAITI] (naM. 6) prahlAda jugatarAma dave 54 kiMmata rU. DhADha;vI. pI. peAlTeja cha AnA alaga Q=4-0

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pustakanI vargIkRta yAdI 0 0 0 0. hena caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa bAlArAjA chaganalAla ha. paMDayA 01-0 manoramA meMghIbahena gIta saMgraha sItArAma nathubhAI 0-20 vIrakathAo caMdrazaMkara ma. bhaTTa [bALaka kAryAlaya] (naM. 7) phUla chAba bhIkhAbhAI pu. vyAsa 0-80 bALakanI 13 vAto bALaka pu. 7muM (bALakanI phAIla) che , 3-0-0 puistakAlaya sahAyaka sahakArI maMDaLa] (naM. 8) cAra bAlasaMvAdo candrazaMkara ma. bhaTTa 0 -3-0 sIMdabAda zeTha 0-7- kumAra vIrasena 0-6-0 naLa damayaMtI 0-3-0 bALakAvyo AzAbhAI narasiMhabhAI ane 0-3-0 candrazaMkara maNizaMkara bhaTTa [kumAra kAryAlaya] (naM. 9) bALavArtAvalI, bhA. rajo sau. haMsA mahetA skAuTiMga ane bIjI vAta gajAnana u. bhaTTa 13-0 [jeThAlAla chaganalAla codharI] (naM. 10) kaMsavadha je. cha. caudharI 0--0 rAjasUya yajJa 0-4-0 jarAsaMdha vadha -4-0 sItA haraNa DAhyuM keNa ? 0-3-0 bajaraMgI hanumAna 0-3-0 [prakIrNa] (naM. 11) alibAbA gujarAta sAhitya maMdira 0-pa-0 kizora kathAo gijubhAI 0-8-0 gAMdhIjI jugatarAma dave 0-3-0 jAtaka kathA lIlAbahena choTAlAla parIkha 0-3-0 55 0 0 ? 6 0 0.

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dAdImAnI vAtA na kahevAyalI vAte navAM ane junAM bALaukhANA acu khALa ukhANA bALa joDakaNAM mALa patrA khALagIta, bhA. 1leA bALa rAmAyaNa khIrabalaneA hAsyabhaMDAra bhayanA bheda bhera meAjaDInAM mUlya rAjAjInI vAte lAkaDAnA pepaTa graMtha ane graMthakAra vANa vAMdarAnI vAtA zabdathI udaya (vArSika) gujarAtI hiMdu strImaMDaLanA prathama pacIsIne itihAsa gujarAtI vyAyAma pariSada bIjI gujarAtI patrakAra pariSadane rIpoTa sAmhena kAnugA chelazakara goviMdajI zukala kAnajI kAlidAsa jozI. geviMdarAma bAlAzaMkara ThAkara [zAradA maMdira] kAnajI kAlidAsa jezI mahilA mitra, pu. pasuM vINA (vArSika) sAhityakalA mahe|tsava aMka(karAMcI) sAhitya khaMDa 39 vallabhadAsa akkaDa cunIlAla kuberadAsa zAha lIlAvatIbDena vArSika-paracuraNa vagere. taMtrI ane prakAzaka, bAjIrAva joSI raNacheDajI kesurabhAi mIstrI umiyAzaMkara jI. ThAkara manasukharAma dAmeAdara mahetA je. rAjasa mANekalAla hiralAla 02-0 -2-0 01710 pestanajI jamazedajI dakSiNAmUrti vidyAthI bhuvana gijubhAI ane jugatarAma umiyAza`kara jIvaNalAla ThAkara 0~2-6 sau. saudAminI mahetA sanAtana janmazakara buca jaina yaMgamensa seAsATI pa 01310 0-8-0 -4-0 02-0 01SS10 0-10-0 2-8-0 200.00 0-20 .-.-. 01110 01910 ......... -2-0 1-0-0 AUTORI. 100 cheTubhAi bAlakRSNa purANI hIrAlAla trIbhovanadAsa pArekha 0--4-0 0-12-0 1-0-0 ......... -8-0

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI (vidyamAna)

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Page #71
atisukhazaMkara kamaLAzaMkara trivedI atisukha zaMkara kamaLAzaMkara trivedI [ prophesara, ema. e. elaela. bI.] teo jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che; janma suratamAM i.sa. 1 85 ne 15 mI eNprilanA roja thayuM hatuM. emanA pitAzrI sva. rA. bA. kaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI gujarAtanA eka agragaNya sAkSara hatA ane emanA saMskAro sarva emanA putramAM pUrNa rIte utarI AvelA che. emanA pitA ne karIne aMge pharatA rahetA, tethI jUde jude sthaLoe emaNe zikSaNa lIdhuM t. 1. sana 1904 mAM bI. e; ane sana 196 mAM teo ema. e; thayA hatA. sana 1907 mAM ela ela. bI. nI parIkSA pasAra karI; paNa vidyA prati vizeSa prema hovAthI adhyApakanI nokarI pasaMda karI; ane Aja ghaNAM varSothI (1911 pachI) vaDodarA kaoNlejamAM teo philasuphI ane tattvajJAnanA sInIara prophesara tarIke kAma kare che. te uparAMta dalejanA gujarAtInA vargo paNa le che. 1921mAM teo Ethics(nItizAstra)nA nivarsiTi lekacarara nImAyA hatA. teoe meTrikathI ema. e. sudhInI parIkSAomAM varSo sudhI parIkSaka tarIke kAma karyuM che. emanI pravRtti sAhitya ane keLavaNInA viSayomAM vizeSa najare paDaze. teo lAMbI mudatathI muMbaI yunivarsiTInA phelo che; sinDika tarIke miNe traNa varSa kAma karyuM che, vaLI eNkeDemika kAunsilanA sabhya nimAyA che. abhyAsa karatA hatA tyArathI "buddhiprakAza, gujarAta zALApatra, "vasata" geremAM teo lekha lakhI mokalatA ane pote dakSiNano pravAsa karelo tenuM rasika varNana kAvyamAM utAryuM che. emaNe emanuM prathama pustaka I. sa. 1910 mAM jApAnanI keLavaNI paddhati" mI. zArpanA rIporTa parathI gu. va. nAsAITI mATe lakheluM; ane te pachI I.sa. 1913 mAM gIkRta "yurepanA sudhArAne itihAsa lakheluM. temanAM svataMtra pustaka "nivRtti vinoda' ane sAhitya vinoda' e nAmathI chapAyelAM che; te graMthe lokapriya nivaDyA che. te uparAMta kolejanA vidyArthIo mATe aMgrejImAM pustaka lakhelAM che, jenI mAgaNI vidyAthI samUhamAM vizeSa rahe che. emanA graMthanI yAdI: japAnanI keLavaNInI paddhati (pre, zApanA aMgrejI pustakanuM bhASAMtara) [1910

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI yurepanA sudhArAne itihAsa (gInA aitihAsika pustakanA cheDA bhAganuM bhASAntara) [1913] nItizAstra (raMzaDaeNlanA Ethics P. B. Series nuM bhASAntara) [1917] nivRtti vida [1917] nIti vivecana pri. vijarIne ra. jhAlAnI sAthe [1918] trivedI vAcanamALA pravezikA tathA pu. 1 thI 7 sudhI. timanA pitAnI sAthe [1922-vaDodarA seMTa.] [1923-briTiza seTa] sAhitya vinoda [1928] Studies in Deductive Logic [1912] Studies in Inductive Logic. [1914] Psychology. [1919] Ethics. [1920] Logic in an easy chair. [1925] upalI yAdI uparAMta, temanA chUTaka lekho, saMvAde ne bhASaNonI yAdI thAya tema che; paNa te chUTAM chUTAM mAsikamAM ne anyatra prasiddha thaelAM che. temanA hAsyarasathI bharapUra saMvAdo kolejomAM ne anyatra meLAvaDAomAM ghaNIvAra bhajavAyA che.

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aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra sva. malakhArI pachI pArasI lekhakeAmAM kavizrI aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra gujarAtI vAcake!mAM bahu jANItA ane leAkapriya che. emane janma i. sa. 1881 mAM navembara mAsanI 6ThThI tArIkhe damaNamAM thayA hatA. emanuM kuTuMba porTugIjha rAjyamAM pratiSThita lekhAtuM. emanI pAMca varSanI umara haze tyAre emanA pitAzrI pharAmajI kAvasajI yuvAvasthAmAM 26 mA varSe pADAnA rogathI muMbAimAM mRtyu pAmyA hatA. khabaradAranI aTaka emanA kuTuMbIjanonI bahAlI ane huMziyArIthI emanA viDalene maLelI. emaNe aMgrejIne abhyAsa muMbAImAM nyu hAiskulamAM karyAM hatA. kavitA ane saMgItanA zokha to emane nhAnapaNathI prApta thayalA. vidyArthI avasthAmAMthI teoe kavitA lakhavA mAMDelI; tethI emanA mitrA paNa emane kavi tarIke saMmeAvatA hatA. zALA cheDayA bAda damaNamAM AvI rahelA. ahiMthI temaNe mAsika maha '' nAmanuM mAsika, je sva. dAdI tArApAravALAnA taMtrIpada heThaLa cAlatuM hatuM, temAM seA draSTAMtika deharAe hiraphAImAM lakhI meAkalelA; ane tenI ghaTatI tArIpha thai hatI, emane kAvyasaMgraha pahelavahelA sana 1901 mAM kAvyarasikA '' nAme prakaTa thayale.. te pachI navI DhabanI kavitA pAzcAtya vicAra ane abhyAsathI rgAyalI, lakhavI zarU karelI. temAM temane emanA gurU mI. nalabhAI dorAbajI bharaDA temaja emanA mitra mI. pestanajI kha. tArApAravALA taraphathI pRSTha prAtsAhana maLyuM hatuM. jyAre e kAvyeAnA saMgraha " vilAsikA " nAmathI prathama bahAra paDayA tyAre sau kAI tethI mugdha thayA hatA ane jANItA vivecaka zrIyuta narasiMharAve tenI samAleAcanA karI, vAcakavarganuM te prati vizeSa lakSa kheMcyuM hatuM. te pachI prakAzikA, bhAratanA TaMkAra, sa MdezikA, kalikA, bhajanikA ane rAsaca`drikA e nAmathI emanA kAvyagraMtha eka pachI gujarAtI janatAne maLatAM rahelAM che; ane te satA sAre| satkAra thaI, rasabhara vaMcAya che. i. sa. 1908 nI sAlathI ee gujarAta cheADI madrAsa jai tyAM sahakuTuMba dhaMdhA arthe TharIThAma thayA che ane tyAM sAIkala ane meTarane vepAra meTA pAyA para calAve che. << asvastha takhIatanA kAraNe teo jAheramAM jhAjhA bahAra AvI rAphatA nathI; paNa prasaMgeApAt kAi meLAvaDAmAM bhASaNa ApavAnuM banI 's

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI Ave che tyAre emanA vyAkhyAne utkaTa lAgaNI, sAcI dAjha, taTastha vicAra ane vivecanathI khUba asara upajAve che. bhAvanagara sAhitya pariSadamAM sAhitya vibhAganA adhyakSa-padethI ApeluM vyAkhyAna, athavA muMbamAM ujavAyalA vasantAtsava prasaMge ApeluM vyAkhyAna, tenA draSTAMtarUpa rajI karI zakAya. kavizrI nhAnAlAlanI DaeNAlanazailI viruddha emaNe darzAvelA vicAre e eka vakhata sAhityasRSTimAM khaLabhaLATa (Sensation) karelA; ane emanI dalIleAmAM kaMika tathya che, ema ghaNAMne lAgeluM, sva. malabArInA saghaLAM kAvyatra thAmAMthI temanI sArI kavitAonI cUMTaNI karI eka graMthamAM saMgrahIne temaja temAM emanA jIvana temaja emanI kavitA viSe eka sArA, vistRta ane vidvattAbharyAM UpAdghAta lakhIne emaNe ekapakSe maranAranI temaja khIje pakSe gujarAtI vAMcanAra AlamanI prazasya sevA karI che, ema upakArasaha noMdhAvuM joie. vaLI eee iMgrejImAM paNa ghaNAM kAvyeA racelAM che, jemAMnA eka saMgraha Silken Tassel-nAmathI prasiddha thayaaA che. emanA dhaNA gujarAtI tathA aMgrejI graMthA hajI aprasiddha che, je have pachI pragaTa thaze. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: kAvyarasikA vilAsikA prakAzikA malabArInAM kAvyaratnA ( saMpAdaka ) bhAratanA TaMkAra prabhAtane tapasvI kukakuTa dIkSA saMdezikA kalikA bhajanikA rAsandrikA bhA. 1 le. prakAzana va. ( i. sa. 1901 ) ( 1905 ) ( 1908 ) ( 1917 ) ( 1919 ) ( 1920 ) ( 1920 ) ( 1925 ) ( 1926 ) ( 1928 ) ( 1929 ) ( 1928 ) The Silken Tassel --aMgrejI Urmi kAvyeA. ( Published by IFowler Wright Ltd., London. )

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AtmArAma motIrAma dIvAna AtmArAma matIrAma dIvAnajI bI. e. ] e jJAte vAlmikI kAyastha ane suratanA vatanI che. emanA pitAnuM nAma motIrAma IcchArAma dIvAnI ane mAtAnuM nAma kamaLAgavarI che. emane janma sana 1873 mAM suratamAM thayo hato. prAthamika temaja mAdhyamika zikSaNa emaNe suratamAM lIdheluM. sana 1891 mAM meTroka thayA bAda naMbaInI vilasana kolejamAM teo joDAyA hatA. sana 1896 mAM te kemesTrI ane phIjhIkasa ecchika viSaya laIne bI. e. thayA. DigrI maLyA pachI teo sarakArI keLavaNI khAtAmAM AsisTaMTa mAstara tarIke eliphanasTana hAIskUlamAM nimAyA hatA; ane jAtamahenata, pramANikatA, satata ughogathI teo te khAtAmAM eka pachI eka meTI pAyarIoe, cheka ejyukezanala spekaTara, uttara vibhAga-nA hoddAe pahoMcI, e jagAethI nivRtta thayA hatA. e emanI bAhozI ane kAryadakSatAnuM phaLa hatuM. keLavaNI khAtAmAM vahivaTI kAmamAM, DepyuTI ejyukezanala InsapekaTara ane parasanala AsisTaMTa Tu dhI ejyukezanala insapekaTara tarIke ghaNuM vaSo kAma karavAmAM kADhelAM; tema chatAM lekhanakArya ane sAhityanA abhyAsa mATenI emanI abhiruci jhAMkhI paDI nahotI. emane ArAma eTale koI prakAranuM kaMika lekhanakArya. gu. va. sosAITI mATe emaNe "khagoLavidyA', "khagoLa saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAna', "mirAte sikaMdarI" ane "rAmane ItihAsa' vagere upayogI graMtho lakhI ApelAM che. "khagoLavidyA" ane "khagoLa saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAna'nI to traNa AvRttio nikaLI cUkI che ane mirAte sikaMdarI mATe mAgaNI thayA kare che, e emanA graMno upADa ke sAre che te darzAve che. sAhitya pariSada bhaMDoLa kamiTI mATe emaNe phirastAkRta gujarAtanA itihAsa vibhAgano anuvAda karI Apale ane keLavaNI khAtA mATe emaNe judAM judAM viSayo para lakhelAM pustako aneka che, jenI yAdI nIce ApI che. emanA abhyAsanA priya viSaye khagoLa, itihAsa ane bhUgoLa che. nokarImAMthI kAraga thayA pachI teo surata zaheranI eka yA bIjI sevApravRttimAM potAno samaya pasAra kare che. hamaNuM sosAITI mATe "grIsane itihAsa" lakhI rahyA che. eTale ke kArya, kArya ane kArya e emanA jIvanano mudrAlekha che.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI sana 1905 che 1905 emanA graMthanI yAdI 1. pazunA auSadhanuM zAstra [ IgrejI pustakanuM bhASAMtara ] 2. zArIra ane Ikiya vijJAnazAstra [ aMgrejI anuvAda.] 3. azva parIkSA [ igrejI anuvAda] 4. surata jIllAnI bhUgoLa 5. khagoLa saMbaMdhI vyAkhyAnamALA 6. bhUgoLavidyAnA mULatattvo bhA. 1 7. cha , bhA. 2 je 8. khagoLavidyA 9. mirAte sikaMdarI 10. phiristAkata gujarAtano ItihAsa 11. mAdhyamika zALA mATe bhUgoLavidyA bhA. 1 12. bhA. 2 13. : bhA. 3 bhA. 4 15, bhA. 5 16. prAthamika zALA bhA. 1 17. kanyAzALA bhA. 1 18. che cha bhA. 2 19. prAthamika zALA , bhA. 2 20. che " , bhA. 3 21. remane itihAsa 1905 + 1906 1907 1908 1908 1910 1914 1917 ,, 1923 1923 1923 1923 b` h 14. my fy ` 1934 1925 1926 1928 1929 1929 `

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AnandrazaMkara bApubhAi dhruve AnandrazaMkara bApubhAi dhruva prinsipAla ane prezavAIsa cAnselara, banArasa hiMdu yunivarsiTIema. e. elaela. bI. emanA janma amadAvAdamAM saMvat 1925 (i. sa. 1869)nA mahA mAsamAM thayA hatA. teo jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emanA pitA prathama mahIkAMThA ejansImAM kArakuna ane pachI krame krame caDatAM kAThiyAvADa ejansImAM daphtaradAra nimAyA hatA; kaDiyAvADanI !kImAMthI penzana lIdhA pachI keTalAMka rAjyanA sImADA nakkI karavAnA kAmamAM sarakAre rAkelA hatA. te thoDAka samaya vaDAdarA rAjyanA sAMtI rasansi khAte vakIla hatA. AnandrazaMkara emanA pitAne sAta putrI vacce ekanA eka putra hatA eTale nhAnapaNathI lADakoDamAM ucharelA, amanA pitA dharmaniSTha ane prAcInapanthI vyakti hatA; ane e guNAnI chAyA asara emanA putramAM vArasAmAMhereditary utarelI pratIta thAya che. keLavaNInI rAta te vakhatanA pracalita niyama mujaba gAmaDI nizALathI zarU thaI hatI. pachI gujarAtI nizALamAM dAkhala thaI te aMgrejI nizALamAM dAkhala thayA. tyAM paNa pAse peAtAnA zikSakAne buddhi ane jJAnathI saMtApa ApyA hatA; ane te uttama vidyArthInI paktimAM gaNAtA. meTrikanI parIkSA pAta yunivarTimAM je naMbare pasAra karI hatI. emanA gurue! paikI--jemanAM nAma te adyApi mare che te- raNacheADalAla khabhAtA, prophesara jamaroda aradezara dalAla, viSNu kAyavarTa, kAvasajI soMjANA, ane bhAskara zAstrI hatA. temanuM saMskRtanuM jJAna paNa ghaNuM uttama ane saMpUrNa manAtuM. amadAvAdamAM te vakhate mithilApurInA eka vidvAna-saMskRta patizrI baccA jha!-jemanuM nAma asAdhAraNa vidrattA ane tIkSNa budi mATe kAzI ane mithilAmAM adyApi sudhA prakhyAta che--teozrI rAjarAjezvara zakarAcAya nA zAstrIpade padhAryA hatA ane amadAvAdamAM nivAsa karyo hatA.temanA tathA emanA bhAI yadunAtha jhA, nidhinAtha jhA vagere paDitAnA nivAsane lAbha paNa ghaNAM varSoM pAte pAtAnA saMskRta jJAnanI vRddhi arthe ema. e., thatAM sudhI parIkSA bahAranA viSayeAmAM lIdhA hatA. gujarAta kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayA pachI pAhe tenA saMskRta desara kAthavarkanI sArI pati sapAne kI hai va temanA saMskananI paNamA '

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI karatA hatA.temaja kolejanA prinsipAla jamazedajI aradezara dalAla paNa zrIyuta AnandazaMkarabhAInA aMgrejI jJAnanAM paNa tevAMja vakhANa karatA hatA. baMne adhyApakenA e priya ziSya hatA. kaeNlejanA jIvanamAM te vakhatanI pharsTa bI. e. nI parIkSAmAM gaNitanA viSayamAM niSphaLa javAthI te varSe saMskRtamAM yunivarsiTImAM prathama naMbare AvyA chatAM emaNe inAma gumAvyuM. te pachIne varSe pharsTa bI.e, ane bI. e. nI parIkSA eka sAthe ApI bIje varSe baMnemAM uttIrNa thayA hatA. temanA saMskRta jJAnathI temaja abhyAsathI temanA prophesara kAthavaTe sAheba mugdha banyA hatA; eTaluM ja nahi paNa amane maLelI mAhitI kharI hoya te sva. pro. maNalAla nabhubhAI dvivedI yunivarsiTImAM saMskRtanA parIkSaka paNa AnandazaMkarabhAInA saMskRta jJAna viSe ucca mata dharAvatA hatA. pariNAme temanI sAthe paricaya thaye, je AgaLa jatAM mitrorUpe uddabhavyo hato te suvidita che. bI. e. thayA pachI ema. e; ane ela ela. bI. nI parIkSAno abhyAsa karI uttIrNa thayA. I. sa. 1882 mAM temanuM prathama lagna thayuM hatuM. sana 1890 mAM vidhurAvasthA prApta thatAM, sana 1891 mAM pharI lagna thayeluM; ane sana 19 0 3 mAM emanA bIjA patnI mRtyu pAmelAM. te pachI emaNe pharI lagna karyuM nathI. emanA saMtAnamAM be putrIo ane be putro che, jemAMnA eka dhruvabhAI okasapharDanI DigrI laI AvelA che ane bIjA hAnA putra praphlAdabhAI hAIkeTa vakIla che. sana 1893 mAM pro. kAthavaTenI badalI thatAM, temane saMskRtanA adhyApaka nimavAmAM AvyA hatA. kaeNlejamAM jeTalo samaya rahyA teTalo samaya mAtra saMskRta na zikhavatAM aMgrejI, nyAya, tattvajJAna vagere viSayanA varga letA ane chevaTe prinsipAla tarIke paNa temaNe keTaloka samaya kArya karyuM hatuM. sarakAra hastaka koleja saMpAyA bAda keTaleka varSe temanI badalI elphInsTana kolejamAM saMskRtanA adhyApaka tarIke thaI; paraMtu te ja arasAmAM banArasa hiMdu yunivarsiTI mATe paMDita madanamohana mAlaviyAjIe eka sArA prinsipAlanI mAgaNI karatAM, mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ane sara lallubhAIe emanuM nAma sUcavyuM. tyArathI (1920) teo banArasa hiMdu yunivarsiTInA prinsipAla ane -vAisa cAnselara tarIke kAma kare che, ane emanuM e kArya vazaravI nivaDyuM che, ema cAdizAmAthI sAMbhaLavAmAM AvatI prazaMsA parathI kahI zakAya.

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AnandazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva zarUAtamAM teo sva. maNilAla nabhubhAInA "sudarzanamAM lekho lakhatA ane pAchaLathI emanA mRtyu bAda keTaloka samaya te mAsikane calAveluM; paNa svadeza ane mAtRbhASAnI jarUriyAta lakSamAM laIne sana 1902 mAM "vasanta" nAmanuM navuM mAsika kADhayuM, jene rajata mahotsava sana 1927 mAM bhAre dabadabAthI ujavavAmAM Avyo hato. sana 1928 mAM teo navamI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukha nimAyA hatA ane tenA AgalA varSe bIjI gujarAtI patrakAra pariSadanA svAgata maMDaLanA adhyakSa tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. temaja sana 1920 mAM chaThThI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada amadAvAdamAM maLelI tenuM svAgata karavAnuM mAna paNa emane maLeluM. | gujarAtamAM ja nahi paNa akhila bhAratavarSamAM eka pratiSThita tatvajJAnanA adhyApaka tarIke temaNe sArI khyAti prApta karelI che; ane ethI ja sana 1928 mAM madrAsamAM maLelI cothI philosophikala kogresanA temane pramukha nimavAmAM AvyA hatA ane te Agamaca banArasamAM maLelI bIjI philosophikala kogresanA InDiyana sekazananA tattvajJAna vibhAganA adhyakSa cuMTAyA hatA. teo hindusthAnanI sarva yunivarsiTInA maMDaLanA (inTara yunivarsiTI borDanA) A varSe ceramena nImAyA che. gujarAtI sAhityakSetramAM teo uMcuM sthAna leMgave che ane temanA lakhelA graMthe ane lekho aneka che. emanA graMthanI yAdI: zrIbhASya bhA. 1, 2 sana 1913 dharmavarNana 1913 nItizikSaNa 1914 ApaNo dharma 1916 hindu dharmanI bALapothI 1918 hindu vedadharma ka 1919

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI abAlAla bAlakRSNu purANI [ bI. e., ] ee jJAtie bhaTTamevADA brAhmaNa che. emanuM mULa vatana bharUca; paNa janma suratamAM saM. 1950 mAM thayeA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma khAlakRSNa narabherAma purANI ane mAtAnuM nAma jaDAva mhena nautamarAma jozI, jemanuM piyara suratamAM hatuM. eTale suratamAMthI zikSaNanI zarUAta karelI, paNa prAthamika keLavaNI bharUcamAM lIdhelI. pAMca IMgrejInA dheAraNa vaDAdarAmAM khAnagI ghera zikhelA, pachI vaDeAdarA zayAjI hAIskulamAM dAkhala thayalA ane sana 1909 mAM meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. priviyasa ane inTaraneA abhyAsa vaDAdarA kAlejamAM karyAM hatA; khI. e., mATe tee muMbAi senTa jhevIasa kAlejamAM gayA hatA. sana 1913 mAM temaNe khI. e. (Anasa) nI parIkSA prIjhIkasa ane kemIsTrI ( padA vijJAna ane 2 sAyanazAstra ) aicchika viSaSa laine pAsa karI hatI. kalA, sAhitya ane tattvajJAna, e emanA priya viSayeA che. abhyAsa pUrA thayA pachI tee lekhana vAcana ane janasevAnA kAya mAM guMthAyalA rahyA che. sana 1923 thI te teo bIjI bahera pravRttio cheDI daI pAMDIcerImAM zrIyuta araviMda gheSanA AzramamAM yogasAdhanA mATe joDAyA che. emanuM prathama pustaka sana 1917 mAM prakaTa thayuM hatuM; ane te khArosalanA jANItA dezabhakta azvinIkumAra dattanA 'bhaktiyeAga" nAmaka baMgALI pustakane anuvAda che. te pachI sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlaya mATe temaNe TAgeAranA saMsmaraNAnuM pustaka lakhI ApyuM hatuM. zrIyuta araviMda gheSe pAMDIcerImAM jai vasyA pachI Aya" mAsika kADheluM, tenA paddhatisara ane niyamita rIte abhyAsa karIne, emAM prasiddha thayelA lekhA ane graMthAne lAbha ee gujarAtI janatAne ApatA rahyA che, e emanI meTAmAM mATI ane utkRSTa sevA che. te sivAya mA. peAla rIzAranA To the Nations-jagatanI prajAone lagatA prAtsAhaka nibaMdha gujarAtImAM utAryAM che; ane TAgAranuM 'sAvanA'tuM pustaka, jene anuvAda emaNe kareleA che te hAlamAM mukaselara sAkaralAla bulAkhIdAsa taraphathI chapAya che. emanAM lekhA, avAranavAra jUdA jUdA mAsikAmAM prasiddha thAya che, te jo ekatrita karI, saMgraha rUpe bahAra paDe te te eka mATuM daLadAra pustaka thaI paDe. paNa e badhAmAM gujarAtamAM akhADA pravRttinuM maMDANa emanA meTA 12

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aMbAlAla bAlakRSNa purANuM [bI. e.] bhAI choTubhAI sAthe emaNe kareluM, e kArya kadI visarAze nahi; ane e pravRttinAM mULa eTalA uMDA naMkhAyAM hatAM ke temaNe gujarAta choDe lagabhaga daza varSa thavA AvyAM che chatAM, e pravRtti jIvaMta ane pagabhara rahelI che. e emanI vyavasthA zaktinuM uMcuM pramANapatra che. emanA pustakonI yAdI 1 bhaktiyoga saM. 1974 [azvinIkumAra dattanA pustakane anuvAda] 2 ravIndranAtha TAgoranAM saMsmaraNe saM. 1974 3 gItA-niSkarSa [ anuvAda ] saM. 1978 4 pUrNayoga khaMDa 1 lo [kamayoga] sana 1922 5 , khaMDa 2 je [jJAnayoga] sana 1922 6 egika sAdhana [be AvRttio saM. 1980 7 sUtrAvalI [anuvAda] saM. 1982 8 pUrNayoga khaMDa ja che [Atmasiddhi) sana 1926 -9 "mA" [anuvAda] sane 1928 10 gItA-marma sana 1928 11 sAdhanA [chapAya che, anuvAda] sana 1930 13

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI aMbAlAla bulAkhIrAma jAnI (khI, e., ) ee jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. emanA janma naDiyAdamAM AsA suda 15 ne seAmavAranA rAja sa. 1936 mAM tA. 18 mI okaTobara 1880 nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM pUrUM nAma bulAkhIrAma manasukharAma jAnI ane mAtAnuM nAma dhanalakSmI (pitA) maNirAma paMDayA hatuM. emanuM vatanasthAna naDiyAda che. gujarAtI sAta dhAraNAne abhyAsa naDiyAdamAM karelA. hAiskulanuM zikSaNa naDiyAda ane amadAvAdamAM ane kAleja keLavaNI muMbAi ane junAgaDhamAM laI, bI. e., nI parIkSA sana 1907mAM phrIjhIkasa ane kemIsTrInA aicchika viSaya sAthe pasAra karI hatI. sA. zrI. geAvanarAma tripAThI maraNa pAmatAM vijJAnanuM kSetra cheADI temane mAstaranI lAinamAM paDavuM paDayuM. zarUAtamAM (1907) mAM te pannAlAla hAiskulamAM sAyansu ane gujarAtInA zikSaka tarIke joDAyalA; paNa 1909 nA eprilathI jANItA gujarAtI'' patranA sahataMtrI tarIke emanI nimaNuMka thatAM, te jagApara adyApi kAma kare che. trimAsika "samAleAcaka''nA taMtrI khAtAmAM kAma karyuM ane 1914 mAM temanA saha taMtrItva heThaLa "samAleAcaka" mAsika thayuM hatuM. 1914-21 sudhI tenA sahataMtrI hatA. eTale ke emanuM AkhuMya jIvana patrakAritvamAM gayuM che. patrakAritvanuM jIvana sakhta, zramavALu ane vyavasAyI hAvA chatAM, avakAzane samaya emaNe sAhityanA abhyAsa ane lekhana vAcanamAM gALelA che. emanA priya viSayeA prAcIna gujarAtI sAhitya, gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa ane vedAMta prathA che. sana 1907 mAM temaNe akhAbhakta ane tenI kavitA e ziSa kavALA eka lekha lakhyA hatA. emanAM lekhA ane graMthAnI yAdI nIce noMdhI che te parathI joi zakAze ke emanI pravRtti keTalI vividha che. vaLI tee! zrI. phrAsa sabhAnA Asi. sekreTarI tarIke paNa keTaluMka upayeAgI kArya karI rahyA che. phrAMsa hastalikhita pustaka saMgrahanI sUcinA be bhAga emaNeja taiyAra karyAM che, je prAcIna sAhitya ane itihAsanA abhyAsa karanAra mATe khareja bahu kiMmatI che. pariSada bhaMDALakamiTI mATe emaNe kavi sAmaLakRta siMhAsana, batrIsI temaja gu. va. seAsAiTI mATe subhadrAharaNa ane harilIlA 14

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aMbAlAla bulAkhIrAma jAnI (bI. e) SoDazakalAnA kAvyagraMtha eDiTa karI ApelA che, te emanA prAcIna kAvya sAhitya pratinA anurAganI pratIti karAve che. teo zrImannasiMhAcAryae sthApelA zrI zreyas sAdhaka adhikArI varganA adhikArI 1907 thI che; ane zuddha temaja custa sanAtanI che. emanA lekhe ane graMthanI yAdI 1 abhakta ane tenI kavitA (nibaMdha) sana 1907 2 dhArmika AkhyAnanI utpattine nibaMdha sana 1908 tathA nAkaracarita sana 1913 3 sudAmAcarita (vivecana) * sane 1909-10 [narasiMha, bhAlaNa ane premAnaMda-tulanAtmaka nibaMdha) 4 premAnaMdanA nATake (saMbhavAsaMbhavane vicAra eka vivecana) sana 1914 5 mahAkavi premAnaMdanA sana 1919 (prathamAvRtti) subhadrAharaNanuM saMzodhana tathA UpaghAta-TIkA sAthe6 harivaMzanuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara bhAga 1 le sana 1920-1925 ,, bhAga 2 je sana 1924, 1925 7 siMhAsana batrizI (zAmaLakRta)bhAga 1 lo sana 1924 ' , bhAga 2 je , 8 bheja ane kAlidAsa sana 1918 9 hitopadeza (mULa ane TIppaNa sahita bhASAMtara) sana 1926 10 harilIlA SoDazakalA (bhIma kavikRta) bhA. 1 sana 1928 , , [TIkA] bhA. 2 je sana 1929 , , ne UpaghAta 1930 11 hastalikhita pustaka savistara nAmAvali bhA. 1 lo sana 1923 , bhA. 2 je sana 1929 saMkSipta nAmAvali keTaleMga sana 1929

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI kalyANarAya nathubhAI joSI (bI. e.) eo beTa-dvArakAMnA vatanI che. emane janma okhAmaMDaLanA beTa zaMkhakAramAM tA. 12 mI julAI 1885 nA divase thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma nathubhAI odhavajI ane mAtAnuM nAma divALIbA che. e audicya sahastra brAhmaNa jJAtinA che. emaNe mArmika zALAnA uparanA be dhAraNonuM ane uMcuM zikSaNa badhuM muMbAImAM ja lIdhuM hatuM. sana 1904 mAM meTrikyulezananI parIkSA, vijJAnamAM upale naMbare AvI pasAra karI hatI ane te badala emane uttamarAma memoriyala kelarazIpa maLI hatI. te pachI cAra varSa emaNe elphInsaTana kaeNlejamAM abhyAsa karyo hata; ane sana 1908 mAM bI. e, nI parIkSA vijJAnanA aicchika viSaya sAthe, bIjA vargamAM pAsa karI hatI. vaLI kAMgA prAijha ane kaeNleja skelarazIpa meLavyAM hatAM. te pachI eo vaDodarA rAjayanI nokarImAM joDAyA ane atyAre teo pATaNanI hAIskulamAM heDamAstara che. emanA priya viSaya vijJAna ane purAtattva che. eo vaDedarA hatA te arasAmAM jANItuM keLavaNa' mAsika baMdha paDavAnI taiyArImAM hatuM tenI javAbadArI ane taMtrIpada emaNe svIkArI, sana 1916 thI 1920 sudhI te saphaLatA pUrvaka calAvyuM hatuM. sana 1912 mAM vAcanamALAmAMnA vijJAnanA pATha zikhavavAmAM madadagAra thAya evI mArgopadezikAnA traNa khaMDa bahAra pADyA hatA. eka lekhaka tarIke emane hisso gujarAtI sAhityamAM gheDe nathI, te emanA graMthanI sUci chevaTe noMdhI che, te parathI jhaTa khyAlamAM Avaze. nokarInA aMge jyAM jyAM emanuM javAnuM thAya che, tyAM tyAM eo jana sevA ane keLavaNI pracAranA kAryamAM AgaLa paDato bhAga le che ane tyAMnI pravRtti vyavasthita ane niyamita karavAno prayatna kare che, e emanI vaDodarAmAMnI, dvArikAmAMnI ane pATaNamAMnI pravRtti parathI joI zakAze. vaLI emanI najara nIce vaDodarA rAjaya taraphathI okhAmaMDaLamAM aitihAsika khodakAma hAtha dharavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, ane te haju jArI che. temAMthI skaMdagupta pUrvenAM avazeSo maLI AvelAM che; paNa cokkasa pariNAma para, te kArya pUruM thaye, AvI zakAya. atyAre mAtra taka ja karavo rahyo. emanA lakhelAM aMze eka che ane te eka ja kSetramAM nahi, paNa

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kalyANarAya nathubhAi beSI vividha viSayeA para che; te emanI kAyazakita, muddhi ane jJAna keTalAM vikaselAM che, tenuM bhAna karAve che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: vAcanamALAnA vijJAnanA pAThe zikhavavAnI mArgadarzikA-prathama khaMDa -dvitIya khaMDa --tRtIya khaMDa 29 ,, ,, hiMdustAnanuM bhUgALa zAstra deza dezanI rasamaya vAtA deza dezanI mArmika vAtA sajIva ane nirjIva sRSTi bhA. 1 bhA. 2 indriya vijJAna ane sRSTizAstra mAnava deha dhama vidyA-AreAgyavijJAna vijJAnanI vAte sRSTinI utpatti AreAgya vijJAnanI vAtA bhUpRSTa vicAra rASTrIya paDadhA snehagItA zarIranA saMcA sneha jayeAta ( sneha gItAne khIjo bhAga ) samAja zAstra pravezikA eziyAnI eLakhANu bhA. 1 le bhA. 2 jo bhA. 1 bhA. 2 99 pANInA parAkrama 99 IMgliAMDanuM vahANavaTuM harilAla desAInA saMsmaraNA sRSTinI khAlyAvasthA AryoMnI oLakhANa 3 17 sana 1911-12 sana 1912 sana 1913 1914 29 :9 ,, ,, ' 27 97 ,, ,, .. "" 19 'd ,, 22 99 29 29 ,, 22 99 . 99 ,, ,, 1914 27 77 1915 1916 1917 1917 46 39 1919 39 1920 92 1922 1923 1925 " 1926 1928 1928 1929

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- graMthakAra caritrAvaLI ' kalyANajI viThThalabhAI mahetA eo vAMjha, tAluke coryAsI, surata jIllAnA vatanI che. jJAtie leuA pATIdAra che. emanA pitAnuM pUruM nAma viThThalabhAI khuzAlabhAI ane mAtAnuM nAma dhanIbahena durlabhabhAI paTela che. emano janma tA. 7 mI navembara 1890 nA roja vAMjhamAM thayo hato. sAta dhoraNa zikhyA pachI che. rA. TreniMga kaoNlejamAM traNa varSa pUrAM karelAM; ane pAchaLathI temaNe thoDuMka aMgrejI temaja hindI, marAThI, baMgALI vagere bhASAonuM vastuo chuM jJAna saMpAdana kareluM che. emane priya viSaya itihAsa ane arthazAstra che. emanuM jIvanasUtra janasevA che. eo mahAtmA gAMdhInA custa anuyAyI che ane surata jIllAmAM eka agresara kAryakartA che. sva. raNajItarAmane paricaya ane sahavAsamAM teo AvelA ane emanA gADha mitra thaI paDelA. gopa-kAvyanuM pustakaPastoral poems prakaTa kareluM, te raNajItarAmanI sUcanAthI; ane teno upodaghAta paNa raNajItarAme ja lakhI Apelo. suratamAM pATIdAra borDiMga sthApavAmAM temane mukhya hAtha hate. " paTela baMdhu " mAsika paNa emanA taMtrIpada nikaLatuM; ane eka komI patra hovA chatAM temAM prasiddha thatA lekho, kAvyo vagere AnaMdadAyaka jaNAI anya vAcakane te vAMcavAne AkarSatA. vaLI sAhitya ane lekhanakArya mATe emane evuM mamatva hatuM ke e mATe teo keTaloka samaya amadAvAda sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlayamAM joDAI, e saMsthAne sAta ATha pustaka lakhI ApelAM hatAM, jenI yAdI chevaTe meMdhI che. surata sAhitya pariSada vakhate paNa emaNe te kAryamAM utsAhabharyo bhAga lIdho hato. emanA hastaka cAlatI pATIdAra borDiMga samAjasevA pravRttinuM eka madhyastha kendra thaI paDelI che. mahAtmAjIe dezanuM sukAna hAtha dharyA pachI, upara ullekha karyA mujaba teo emanA mAnItA anuyAyI thaI paDyA che. sana 1919mAM asahakAra vakhate temaNe mukhya bhAga lIdhela ane rASTrIya zALAo mATe keTalAMka pustaka paNu racI ApyAM hatAM. kharI rIte kalyANajI ane dayALajInI jeDI surata

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kalyANabhAi viThThalabhAi mahetA jIllAnA kAya kattAemAM advitIya gaNAya che; ane e rASTrIya laDatanA kAryamAM emane kArAvAsanI cha mAsanI sajA paNa thayalI, ane te jela anubhava, prathama emanA 'navayuga' aThavADikamAM ane pachIthI 'gAMDiva'mAM savistara chapAyA che. atyAre tee dezamAM rASTrIya caLavaLa mATuM mAjI karI rahyuM che, tenI TAca para pAte ubhelA che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: bAla-prArthanA ( kAvyeAmAMthI cUMTaNI ) gApakAvyA (sva. raNajItarAmanI prastAvanA sAthe ) TuMkI vArtAo bhA. 3 je. guru nAnaka guru gAviMdasiMha ( hindIne anuvAda ) jana jAsUsatI AtmakathA (hindIne anuvAda ) fidvipamAM 21 varSa ( hindInA anuvAda ) ( baMgALAnA anuvAda ) lAka rahasya kamaLAkAntanuM daphtara, patrA ane jukhAnI. (,, dezakI na (satyAgraha gItA ) hRdayamaMthana ( zrI. munazInI prastAvanA sAthe) dolata kAkA athavA ka MjusanI ka`kathA (hindInuM bhASAMtara) svarAjya kI na ( kAvyeAnI cUMTaNI ) bALavADI bhA. 1, 2, 3, ( rASTrIya zALA mATe) gujarAtanuM nUra ( darakhAra zrI gApALadAsanuM caritra. ) ( kAkA kAlelakaranI prastAvanA sAthe ) vijayanagaranuM hindu sAmrAjya (IMgrejInA anuvAda ) ( baMgALI vyAkhyAnanuM bhASAMtara ) prema 19 ,) sana 1914 ,, 39 22 . "7 .. ,, .... "2 99 22 22 ,, 25 29 29 "" 1915 36 27 1916 . 29 1917 29 1919 99 1920 1921 "" 1922 1924 1925

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI kAntilAla chaganalAla paMDayA. [ema. e; pIeca.va.] jJAtie eo vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. emane janma sana 1886 mAM tA. 24 mI ogasTe naDiyAdamAM thayo hato. emanA mAtA a. sau. samarthalamI, govardhanarAmanAM hAnAM hena, jemane "sarasvatIcandra"nA trIjA bhAganI AraMbhanI "nivApAMjali" arpita thaI che. emanA pitA zrIyuta chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA eka jANItA gujarAtI sAkSara che ane emanI saMskAritA ane guNajJatA emanAmAM paNa utarI AvelI che. temanAM lagna paNa tevAja bIjA eka saMskArI kuTuMbamAM sva. tanasukharAma manaHsukharAma tripAThInA jyeSTha putrI sau. umAMgalakSmI sAthe thayuM hatuM, je lagna emanA jIvananI sukhavRddhi ane unnati sAdhavAmAM bahu madadagAra thaI paDayuM hatuM. kheda e thAya che ke e bahena lAMbu jIvyA nahi ane sana. 1926 nA jAnyuvArImAM emanuM avasAna thayuM. sana 1907mAM temaNe bI.e; nI ane sana 1910 mAM ema.e; nI parIkSAo pAsa karI hatI. vijJAnanekhAsa karIne rasAyanano abhyAsa-muMbAImAM che. gajajaranI leboreTarImAM ane keTaloka samaya beMgaloramAM AvelA tAtAe sthApelA "inDiyana insTiTayUTa oNva sAyansa" mAM karyo hato. te pachI sana 1913 mAM teo AgrAnI senTa jonsa kaoNlejamAM rasAyanazAstranA adhyApaka nimAyA hatAM; ane hAlamAM tyAM ja kAma kare che. vacce (sana 1920-23) DAMka varSa IglAMDa jaI DokaToreTanI DIgrI laI AvelA; ane yuropa amerikAdi dezamAM vadhu jJAna arthe pravAsa karelo, jene rasika ahevAla emaNe pote "samAlocaka" mAsikamAM patra dvArA Apela che. sana 1924 mAM sAtamI gu. sAhitya pariSada bhAvanagaramAM maLelI tyAre teo vijJAna vibhAganA adhyakSa nimAyA hatA. atyAre gujarAtIomAM vijJAnanA viSayamAM rasapUrvaka agra bhAga letA emanA jevA jUja maLI Avaze. khAsa khuzI thavA jevuM e che ke teo AgrA yunivarasiTinA dhI phekalTI opha sAyansanA Dina nimAyelA che temaja hindI yunivarasITI banArasanA sAyansa phekalTInA eka sabhya che. | gujarAtImAM vijJAnanuM sAhitya ubhuM karavAne teo tIva utkaMThA dharAve che ane taka maLe, eka paNa prasaMga, eka vA bIjA mAsikamAM ke vartamAnapatramAM vijJAna viSe kaMine kaMI upayogI ke jANavA jevI mAhitI Apa 20

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kAMtilAla chaganalAla paMDyA. vAnuM cUkatA nathI. dura prAMtamAM vasavA chatAM, gujarAtI sAhitya pravRttithI pUratA vAkepha rahevA teo prayatna kare che, e te prati emane tIvra anurAga dAkhave che. sva. govardhanarAmanuM jIvanacaritra AlekhI, gujarAtI sAhityamAM eka lekhaka tarIke temaNe sArI kIrti saMpAdana karI hatI. mAsikamAM emanA lekha, upara lakhyuM tema avAranavAra prasiddha thatAM ja rahe che; ane tene je saMgraha karavAmAM Ave to be traNa vaeNlyuma thAya eTaluM lakhANa maLI Ave. emanA graMthanI yAdI: govardhanarAmanuM jIvana caritra. sana 1910.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. kezavaprasAda cheoTAlAla desAi, (bI. e. elaela. bI.,) ee jAte brahmakSatriya che ane emanA vaDIleA mULa vatanI naDiyAda pAse AvelA gAma alINAnA che. emanA janma tA. 20 mI navembara 1888 nA rAja amadAvAdamAM thayeA hate. emanA pitAnuM nAma DA. cheTAlAla harilAla desAi ane mAtAnuM nAma IzvarI che. ee khAra varSanI uMmaranA hatA te vakhate emanA pitAnuM akALa avasAna thayuM hatuM; eTale emanI keLavaNIne bhAra emanA mAtA para AvI paDayA hatA. amadAvAda myunisipala naM. 1 mAM emaNe prAthamika zikSaNa meLaveluM. sana 1905 mAM meTrikanI parIkSA amadAvAda sarakArI hAiskulamAMthI ( hAlanI raNacheADalAla cheoTAlAla hAiskula) pAsa karelI ane sana 1909-10 mAM bI. e., nI DIgrI, gujarAta kaeNlejamAMthI itihAsane aicchika viSaya laine meLavI hatI. te pachI sana 1911-12 mAM eeelaela. mI. thayA hatA. tyArathI emaNe sAhityamAM ane jAherajIvanamAM bhAga levAnuM zarU karyuM. e eka va amadAvAdamAM gALyA pachI, tee muMbaImAM jaI vasyA. ane krame karIne iMDasTrIala ane pruDenazIala jIMdagInA vImAnI dezI kaMpanInA menejara thayA che; tema chatAM sAhitya ane sevAkAya pratine emane anurAga pUrvavat cAlu rahyA che. chellAM seALa varSathI emanuM jJAtinuM ' brahmakSatriya ' trimAsika'' teo niyamita rIte calAve che; vaLI jInAM ane jANItAM "strImeAdha" mAsikanuM taMtra emanA hAthamAM 1920 nI sAlathI AvyuM. te pachI strIeAdha"mAM paNa sudhArAvadhArA thavA pAmyA che. eka sArA strI mAsika tarIke tenI gaNanA thayalI che ane tenI pratiSThA jAmelI che, te mATe aMze emanA prayAsane ja AbhArI che. A badhA vyavasAya sAthe tee strIjIvananA vikAsa ane pragati sAdhavAnA kArya mAM, sahakArI hilacAlanA pracAra vadhAravAmAM, tema samAja sudhAraNAnI ane sAhityanI pravRttimAM teo ekasarakhA rasa le che ane temAM peAtAnA phALA yathAzakti Ape jAya che, e khuzI thavA jevuM che. emanA prathama lekha sana 1916 mAM lakhAyalA. te arasAmAM temaNe Public Library nAmanA eka amerikana graMthane anuvAda karelA, te prathama kaTake kaTake 'buddhiprakAza' mAM ane khIjA mAsikAmAM chapAyaleA ane pAchaLathI ' pustakAlaya' e nAme eka svata Mtra pustakarUpe prasiddha thayA che.gujarAtI bhASAmAM 'pustakAlaya" rara

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kezavaprasAda cheTAlAla desAi, te viSe e ekaja pustaka che. sAmaLabhaTTanI siMhAsana batrIsInA vAcakeAne paricaya karAvavA, lempasa kRta zeksapIara kathAnI peThe, gadyamAM sAra, prathama 'strIkhAdha' mATe taiyAra karelA, te pachIthI gu. va. sAsAiTIe e bhAgamAM chapALyeA che. emanuM pustaka gRhajIvananI suMdaratA '' nI traNa AvRttie thai cUkI che, e tenI lAkapriyatA sUcave che. te leAkapriya thaI paDavAnuM eka kAraNuM emanI sarala, gharagaththu lekhanazailI che ane khIjuM game tevA gUDha ane kaThina vicAre jhaTa ane spaSTa samajI zakAya evI rIte darzAvavAmAM te viSayaparanA kANunI sAthe emanuM buddhikauzalya madadagAra thAya che ane te dhArI asara upajAvI zake che. teo eka asarakAraka ( effective) lekhakanI sAthe sArA vaktA paNa che. " bALasAhitya nA vikAsamAM teo khUba rasa le che. tethI temaNe "strIkhAdha'' sAthe "bALaka" vibhAga joDIne khALakA mATe mAsika vAMcana ApavA mAMDayuM che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH pustakAlaya mArI vIsa vAtA 39 rAjyanItine saMkSipta itihAsa ( bhASAMtara ) ( bhASAMtara ) gRhajIvananI suMdaratA siMhAsana batrIsInI vAtA bhA. 1-2. (padmamAMthI gadya.) sahakAra pravezikA ( bhASAMtara ) 66 99 A uparAMta * punaTanA ane sahakArI tattva lakhelI patrikAo paNa chapAI prasiddha thai che. "" strIe ane matAdhikAra " dharma :: grAma punaTanA 3 sana 1916 1919 1920 1923 1926 1928 29 22 ,, 29 29 ane nItyajIvana' .. vagere temanI

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI - = kezavalAla haragoviMdadAsa zeTha eo jJAtie khaDAyatA vaNika che. emane janma kheDA jIllAmAM umareTha gAmamAM saMvata 1945 nA kAtika vada bIjanA divase thayo hate. emanA pitAnuM nAma haragoviMdadAsa dvArakAdAsa zeTha ane mAtAnuM nAma nAthIbahena che. emanuM mULa vatana umareTha che. tyAMnI yubili hAIskUlamAM cha dhoraNa sudhI emaNe abhyAsa karyo hato. pachI teo amadAvAdamAM AvI vasyA hatA. ahiM temaNe IgrejI, marAThI, hindI vagere bhASAone khAnagI rIte abhyAsa karavAnuM jArI rAkhI, AjIvikA arthe svataMtra mAlkiInuM khaDAyatA mudraNakalA maMdira kholyuM che. emanA priya viSayo laiMjika ane tattvajJAna che; paNa je viSayane teo cheDe che tene emanI kalama tejasvI karI mUke che. zarUAtamAM teo ahiMnA aThavADika patra "gujarAtIpaMca" ane "prajAbaMdhu' mAM lekhaka tarIke rahyA hatA, paraMtu emanA svataMtratApriya svabhAvane keTalAka aMkuza na rUcyA eTale aMte emaNe eka jAdu mAlikInuM chApakhAnuM kADhI, jJAtimAsikanuM taMtrIpada hAthamAM lIdhuM. temaja bIjI aneka rIte sAhityamAM pitAne hisso ApavA temaja sAhitya prakAzananA kAryane AgaLa vadhAravA teo sArA yatno karI rahyA che. prajAbaMdhu' patramAM hatA tyAre emaNe te patra mATe be bheTanAM pustaka kAsTenTinepalanI kathA" ane "zaMbhAjInuM rAjyArohaNuM lakhI ApyAM hatAM; ane te anuvAdagraMthe hovA chatAM lekhakanuM vyaktitva temAM dekhA detuM hatuM. paNa e badhA karatAM eka kavi tarIke emanuM nAma sArA gujarAtamAM jANatuM thayeluM che. emane e rasapravAha, ApaNe khuzI thavA jevuM che ke, satata vahete, vegabhara vaheto rahyA che. chellAM daza varSamAM emaNe svadeza gItAvali' "sneha saMgIta "prabhucaraNe,' "rAsa' "aMjali ane rAsa maMjarI,' vagere pustake gujarAtI prajAne bheTa dharyA che; ane gujarAtI rasika vAcakavarge paNa tene eTalAja ulaTathI satkAra karyo che. vaLI emanI jJAti sevA paNa eTalI ja javalaMta jhaLakI uThe che. jyArathI "khaDAyatA mitra' nuM taMtrIpada emanA hastaka AvyuM che tyArathI jJAtimAM sudhArArthe eo bhAre caLavaLa karI rahyA che; ane emanA lakhANanI sArI asara thatI mAluma paDI Ave che. e sudhAro sugama bane, siddha thAya, te arthe jJAtibaMdhuone tene saMdeza pahoMcADavA, A

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kezavalAla haragoviMdadAse. yuganuM eka upakAraka sAdhana-TuMkI vArtA-ene upayoga karavAnuM teo cUkayA nathI. e rIte jJAti sudhArA mATe, judI judI daSTie lakhelI emanI vArtAo "kaLiyuganI vAto' tema "phulachAba e nAmathI prasiddha thayelI che, te sAhityanI dRSTie paNa priyakara thaze. temaja pitAnI jJAtinA agresara puruSane jJAtijanone paricaya karAvavA, "jIvana smaraNa" e nAmathI eka pustaka emaNe taiyAra karyuM che; e batAvI Ape che ke jJAtisevA arthe teo kevA kevA prayatno Adare che. emanA graMthanI yAdI: pravAsInA patre saM. 1972 svadeza gItAvali (De. hariprasAda vRjarAya desAInI prastAvanA sAthe] , 1975 sneha saMgIta , 1975 prabhu caraNe prArthanA konTenTinepalanI kathA 1977 zaMbhAjInuM rAjyArohaNa rAsa [kavizrI nehAnAlAlanI prastAvanA sAthe kaLiyuganI vAta aMjali 1982 jIvana smaraNe * 1984 rAsamaMjarI 1985 phUla chAba 1986 '1979 1981 ra5

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva bI.e., (dIvAna bahAdura) emane janma saMvata 1985 nA Azvina vadi 6 (tA. 17 mI eNkabara 1859) ne somavArane dine gAyakavADI rAjyanA dahegAma paragaNAnA bahiyala gAmamAM thayo hato. teo RvedanI zAMkhAyanI zAkhAnA che. temanA gotranuM nAma bhAradvAja che. aMgirA, bRhaspati tathA bharadvAja e tripravara che. teo jJAtie sAThodarA nAgara che. temanA kuTuMbamAM nAgajIbhAI e nAme parama vaiSNava pUrve thaI gayA che, jeo baso bAvana bhakatemAMnA eka hatA. kezavalAlanI avaTaMka dhruva' che, jeno artha "jakAta vasula karanAra amaladAra" (Custom Officer) evo thAya che. temanA kuTuMbamAM majamudArI, dezAigIrI ane dhruvagIrI e traNe pUrve eka vAra hatAM. temanA pitAzrInuM nAma harSadarAya ne mAtuzrInuM nAma revAbAI hatuM. "candra patranA taMtrI tathA "kuMja vihAra'nA kartA sadagata zrI harilAla harSadarAya dhruva temanA moTA bhAI thAya. temane vidyAbhyAsa amadAvAdamAM khADiyAmAM mayA mahetAnI gAmaThI nizALe zarU thayuM hatuM. "TI vAge camacama vidyA Ave jhamajhama" e sUtramAM zraddhAvALA mayA mahetAthI chokarAo bahu ja trAsatA. te nizALe bhaNI rahyA pachI pahelA naMbaranI gujarAtI nizALamAM kezavalAla dAkhala thayA. tyAM gujarAtI cethA dhoraNa sudhI abhyAsa karyo. - hAIskUlamAM teo hatA tyAre je zikSakoe emanA para uMDI chApa pADI hatI temAM traNa gRhasthAnAM nAme jANavA jevA che. (1) sva, lalubhAI prANavallabhadAsa; (2) dI. bA. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAI; ane (3) kavi dalapatarAma. - kavi dalapatarAmanA saMsargathI emane gujarAtI kavitA ane piMgaLa prati vizeSa rUci thayelI. aMbAlAlabhAie emanA saMskRtanA abhyAsane uttejana ApeluM ane lallubhAIe sArA gadya nibaMdhalekhana mATe emanI vRtti keLavelI, je badhA aMze emanAmAM pAchaLathI sArI rIte khIlI, dIpI uThayA che. vaLI emanA saMbaMdhamAM khAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI e vAta che ke temanA moTA bhAI saddagata sAkSarazrI harilAla harSadarAya dhruvanI temanA upara

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kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva. ghaNI asara thaI che. "kezava-harinuM joDaluM" ApaNuM sAhityanA itihAsa gaganamAM sarvadA javalaMta tithI prakAzaze e niHsaMzaya che. emaNe eka vakhata vAtacitamAM kahyuM hatuM, ke "mahArAmAM je kAMI guNa hoya te mahArA bhAine lIdhe ja che mULathIja kAMI svayaM vicAra ke apUrva buddhi (originality) mahArAmAM nahi-huM to mAtra anukaraNa karavAmAM ke koI batAve te karavAmAM samajuM. mahArA bhAI sarva bAbatamAM mahArA protsAhaka ane mArgadarzaka hatA. huM to emanI pAchaLa kheMcAto jAuM eTaluM ja." atizaya utsAha ane tvarA e harilAlanAM pradhAna lakSaNa hatAM, ane e ubhayanA sahagAmI tathA anugAmI guNa ane doSa baMne temanAmAM hatAM. temaNe pitAnA utsAhI yuvakamitronA sAhATyathI "satya mArgadarzaka sabhA" e nAmanuM eka maMDaLa sthApyuM hatuM. vaLI temanA nAnakaDA mitramaMDaLa taraphathI mukhapAThane mATe mAMhomAMhe inAma apAtAM, ne temAM kezavalAla paNa hariphAI karatA. mukhapATha karavAnI paddhatine lIdhe temanI smaraNa zaktine bahuja sArI keLavaNI maLI, ane tene mATe teo temanA bhAIne AbhArI che. te mitramaMDaLa taraphathI koI koI vakhata nATaka paNa bhajavAtAM. eka vakhate teoe zakuntalA' nATakano prayoga karyo hate. saMkSepamAM, temanA moTAbhAInI aneka dezIya pravRttiothI temanA upara bahu asara thaI hatI. kumaLI vayamAMthI vidyA tathA sAhityanA vAtAvaraNamAM ucharela bALakane te viSayo upara abhiruci ane Asakti thAya temAM zuM Azcarya ? temanA bhAInI aneka prakAranI uMDI asara uparAMta anya mahAna puruSonI tathA saMsthAonI paNa temanA upara asara thaI hatI. pitAnA bhAinuM joIne saMskRta sAhitya upara tathA prAcIna dhaLa upara abhici te thaija hatI; te abhirucimAM Arya samAjanA Adya puruSa svAmIzrI dayAnaMda sarasvatInAM utsAhamaya vyAkhyAnothI atyaMta vRddhi thaI. teo jyAre aMgrejI chaThThA dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre svAmIzrI amadAvAdamAM padhAryA hatA ane tyAM temanAM jussAdAra vyAkhyAnoe ghaNAja khaLabhaLATa karI mUkyo hato. kezavalAla paNa temanAM vyAkhyAna sAMbhaLavA nitya jatA. svAmIzrInA te vyAkhyAnethI kezavalAlabhAI upara dezabhaktinI bAbatamAM tathA dharmavicAranI bAbatamAM sthAyI asara thaI hatI. A uparAMta teonuM vidyArthIjIvana atyaMta ujajavala hatuM ne teo dara varSe parIkSAmAM uMce naMbare 27

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. pAsa thavAthI temane InAmA tathA 'phaeNAlarazipa' maLatAM. meTrikayulezananI parIkSA 1876 nI sAlamAM pAsa karI tee muMbAInI elphInsTana kAlejamAM dAkhala thayA. te vakhate elphInsTana kAlejanuM makAna bhAyakhaLe hatuM. teo tyAM resiDansI'mAM rahetA. temanA sahAdhyAyIomAM rA. maNibhAi nabhubhAi dvivedI, rA. narasiMharAva bheALAnAtha diveTIA, rA. chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA, rA. chaganalAla DhAkAradAsa meAdI, mI. karImaallI nAnajIANI, sva. zrIdhara rAmakRSNe bhAMDArakara vagere hatA. te maMDaLamAMthI rA. maNilAla sarva karatAM vadhAre vAMcatA. temanI abhyAsapaddhati vyavasthita tathA niyamasara hatI. je viSaya cAlatA hoya te saMbaMdhI aneka pustakA vAMcI, temAMthI utArA vagere karI, teo pote hAthe ja neTasa' kahADatA ane te evI uttama gaNAtI ke sarva vidyArthIo te vAMcavAne mAgI letA. ahiM kAlejamAM kezavalAlane saMskRtanA sArA abhyAsa karavAnI vizeSa taka maLI, te samaye abhyAsakALa traNa vatA hatA ane parIkSAe e hatI-eka ek.i. e. (pharsTa ekajhAminezana ina ArTsa) ane khIjI khI. e., ek. I. e. mAM 1878 nI sAlamAM bIjA vargomAM tee pAsa thayA. 1880nI sAlamAM teone khI.e; nI parIkSAmAM javAnuM thAta parantu maMdavADane lIdhe jai zakayA nahi. 1881 nI sAlamAM sva. tribhuvanadAsa kalyANudAsa gajjara, tathA zrIyuta cimanalAla harilAla setalavADa vagere temanA sahAdhyAyIe thayA. zrIyuta kezavalAlanuM saMskRta jJAna bahu sArUM hovAthI te be jaNA temanI sAthe saMskRta vAMcatA. navAInI vAta e che ke sAhityamAM atyaMta prItivALA heAvA chatAM kezavalAle peAtAnA aicchika viSaya tarIke gaNitazAstra lIdhuM hatuM. khI. e; mAM temanI pAse kAdaMbarInuM chApeluM pustaka na heAvAthI peAtAnA meTAbhAIvALuM hastalikhita purataka (manuscript) te vAparatA, jenA upayeAga pachIthI pITasane potAnI kAdaMbarI chapAvavAmAM karyo hatA. preA. rAmakRSNe gepALa bhAMDArakaranI kezavalAla upara bahu prIti hatI, ane temanA saMsargathI kezavalAlane saMskRta upara atyaMta Asakti thai. temanA samayamAM pre|. dastura tathA jasTisa candAvarakara kAlejamAM dakSiNA pheleA hatA, ane mereTa sAheba aMgrejI sAhityanA preAphesara hatA. pre. ereTane kezavalAlanA Patriotism ( dezabhakti ) uparanA aMgrejI nibaMdha bahu pasaMda paDayA hatA, ane te mATe temaNe vargomAM kezavalAlanI praza'sA karI 28

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kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva. hatI. ante 1882 nI sAlamAM tee bI. e; nI parIkSAmAM bIjA vargomAM pAsa thayA, ane eka dRSTie jotAM temanuM vidyArthIjIvana pUrUM thayuM. 1882 nI sAlamAM DA. bhAMDArakaranA pramANapatrane lIdhe tee amadAvAdanI 'mela TreniMga koleja'mAM saMskRtanA zikSaka tarIke nImAyA. te vakhate rA. sA. mahIpatarAma TreniMga kAlejanA prinsipAla hatA. A samayamAM gujarAtImAM prAcIna kAvyamALA tathA saMskRtamAM kAvyamALA bahAra paDavA mAMDI, ane te baMnene kezavalAla dhyAnapUrvaka abhyAsa "mugdhAvamedha aukitaka" nAmanuM saMskRta vyAkaraNanuM pustaka temanA bhAi harilAle prakaTa karyuM hatuM tenA upara samAleAcanA lakhI kezavalAle prakaTa karI. karatA. vaLI TreniMga kAlejamAM hatA tyAre mInuM " kempereTiva grAmara Av dhi mADana Aya na leMgvejis Av inDiA" e nAmanuM aMgrejI pustaka temanI pAse AvyuM, ane tethI zabdazAstra athavA bhASAzAstra (Philology) prati temanuM lakSa vizeSa kheMcAyuM, temaja tene lIdhe tulanAtmaka paddhatithI (comparative method) abhyAsa karavAnA saMskAra temanAmAM dRDha thayA. A uparAMta 'IMDiana eNnTikavarI'' nAmanA aMgrejI mAsikamAM "dhI eja ek vizeAkhadatta," arthAta "mudrA rAkSasanA karto vizAkhadattane samaya" e viSaya upara aMgrejI lekha prakaTa karyAM hatA. A badhuM sane 1882 thI 1887 sudhImAM thayuM hatuM. A pAMca varSanA samaya temaNe TreniMga kAlejamAM saMskRta tathA gujarAtInA zikSaka tarIke gALyA hatA. ' sana 1887 mAM kezavalAla TuMkA vakhatane mATe bhujanI AlphreDa hAiskulanA heDamAstara tarIke kacchamAM gayA, ane tyAMthI 1888 nA julAimAM amadAvAdanI TreniMga phaeNAlejamAM peAtAnI mULanI jagyAe pAchA AvyA. paraMtu je alpa samaya teo kacchamAM pahelI vAra rahyA te samaya temaNe nakAme gALyA na hatA. heDamAstara tarIkenAM peAtAnAM kattabyA uparAMta peAtAnA abhyAsa te! temaNe jArIja rAkhyA hatA. eka te temaNe 'jUnI gujarAtInA namunA" prakaTa karyAM, te namunAneA hetu evA hatA ke kavi dalapatarAme tathA rA.khA.haragovindadAsa kAMTAvALAe je ema jaNAvyuM hatuM ke gujarAtI bhASA hAlamAM che evIne evIja pahelAM hatI, ane temAM kAMi pheraphAra thayA nathI" te vAta kharI nathI ema dAkhalA ApIne siddha karavuM. namunA tarIke 1507 29

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. mAM lakhAyalA vasanta vilAsa"mAMthI tathA 1450 mAM lakhAyalA gadyakathA saMgraha"mAMthI utArA apAyA hatA. A arasAmAM ja mudrArAkSasanA bhASAMtaranI prathamAvRtti chapAtI hatI, je 1889 mAM bahAra pADavAmAM AvI hatI A uparAMta eka mIjI mamata paNa jANavA jevI che. kezavalAla jyAre kAlejamAM abhyAsa karatA hatA tyAre temaNe "gIta gAvinda"nuM dezI rAgAmAM gujarAtI bhASAMtara karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. pote je doDheka varSanI muddata mATe bhujamAM gayA hatA te muddata pUrI thavAthI 1881 nA julAi mAsamAM tee pAtAnI pahelAMnI jagyA upara amadAvAda pAchA AvyA. 1892 nI sAlamAM naDiyAda nivAsI sva. khAlAzaMkara ullAsarAma kaMthArIAnA "kRSNa maheAdhya"mAM gIta gAviMdanuM bhASAMtara chapAyuM. te pachI "amaruzataka''nuM samazlAkI bhASAMtara kezavalAle karavA mAMDayuM, ane tenI prathamAvRtti 1894mAM bahAra paDI. amaruzataka"nA anuvAda kezavalAlanI rasajJatAne temaja temanI vidvattAne eka uMcA prakArane namane che. sana 1894 mAM vaLI pAchA te kacchamAM gayA, paraMtu A vakhate temane hAdA tene te na hatA. A veLAe teA temanu kAma mahArAjA rAvasAhebanAM kuMvara kuMvarIne zIkhavavAnuM hatuM, ane tethI tee 'yuTara huM mahArAja kumAra' kahevAtA. 1895 nI sAlamAM temanA upara e mATA dhA AvI paDayA. eka te temanAM prathama patnI a. sau. caturalakSmI sUtikAjavarathI maraNa pAmyAM, temaja temanA mA dazyaka tathA prAtsAhaka bhrAtA harilAla paNa teja varSomAM gujarI gayA.A kauTumbika vittiethI udvega pAmatA potAnA cittane temaNe saMskRta sAhityanA abhyAsamAM parAvyuM, ane teo jeTalA vakhata kacchamAM rahyA teTalAmAM saMskRta tathA gujarAtI sAhityane ghaNA bhAga temaNe vAMcI nAMkhyA. 1898 mAM - relA vicAra pramANe mULa saMskRtanA rAgeAmAM ja gIta geAvindva' nuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara karI karI 1896 nI sAlamAM tenI prathamAti bahAra pADI, te 1897 mAM " amaruzataka nI khIjI AvRti prakaTa karI. 1898 mAM temanAM khIjA patnI paNa sutikAvarathI gujarI gayAM. 1898 thI 1900 sudhInAM traNa varSa mudrArAkSasanuM mULa saMskRta ane te upara aMgrejI neTas tathA UpeAghAta taiyAra karavAmAM temaNe gALyAM, ane potAnI agAdha 39 30

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kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva. vidvattA tathA athAga zramanA pariNAmarUpe saMskRta mudrArAkSasa temaNe 1900 nI sAlamAM bahAra pADayuM. temanA A pustakanI jarmanInA prasiddha vidvAna kAkhI ane hilDAbrAnTa khUba prazaMsA karI hatI ane tyArathI temanA sAthe patravyavahAranA saMbaMdha cAlu thayA. sana 1902 mAM amadAvAda hAiskulanA ksDa asisTaMTa TIcara' tarIke teo kacchathI pAchA AvyA, ane teja hAIskulamAM aprila mahinAmAM akiMTaga heDamAstara' tarIke nImAyA. tyAMthI me mAsamAM bharUcamAM akiTIMga heDamAstara tarIke gayA. 1903 nA navembara mahinAmAM teo kheDA jIllAmAM DepyuTI ejyukezanala inspekaTara tarIke nImAyA, ane te jagA upara temaNe ATha mahinA sudhI kAma karyuM. 1902 thI ema. e., parIkSAnA kramamAM gujarAtI bhASA dAkhala thaI ne te mATe sva. geAvanarAma tathA kezavalAla ee parIkSakA nImAyA. hajI paNa kezavalAlabhAi ema. e., mAM gujarAtInA parIkSaka tarIke nImAya che. 1904 mAM te naDiyAda hAIskulanA heDamAstara tarIke nimAi AvyA tethI geAvanarAmanA sauMsamAM vadhAre ne vadhAre AvavA lAgyA, ane tene pariNAme teo baMne vaccenA saMbaMdha vadhAre te vadhAre nikaTa banatA gayA. 1905 mAM amadAvAdamAM bharAyelI prathama sAhitya pariSada vakhate temaNe vAgyApAra" upara lekha vAMcyA hatA, ane te chUTA chapAyeA che. amadAvAdanI gujarAta sAhitya sabhA' samakSa tyAra pachI temaNe "premAnaMda' upara vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM. 1907 nA sapTembaramAM muMbAImAM sAhitya pariSadanI bIjI beThaka thai hatI, ane te samaye pramukhasthAne kezavalAla virAjyA hatA. temanuM pramukha tarIkenuM bhASaNa bahu vakhaNAyuM hatuM. e uparAMta padyaracanA sabaMdhI lekha paNa temaNe lakhyA hatA, je buddhiprakAza' mAM chapAyA hatA. sana 1908 nI zarUAtamAM temanI badalI amadAvAda hAIskulanA heDamAstara tarIke thayalI ane tyAMthIja heDamAstaranA hoddA parathI sana 1915 mAM nivRtta thayalA; ane emanA sevAkAryanI kadara karI pAchaLathI sarakAre temane rAvabahAduranA kSAma khalye! hatA. 31

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. penzana lIdhA pachI paNa sAhityanA abhyAsa ane prakAzananuM kArya cAluM hatuM. bhAlaNanI kAdaMbarI, bhAsanAM nATake vagere graMthanuM kArya cAlatuM hatuM, evAmAM gujarAta kolejamAM gujarAtInA adhyApakanI jagyA navI nikaLatAM temane e sthAna para niyukata karavAmAM AvyA hatA. keTaloka samaya kAma karyA bAda penzana saMbaMdhamAM matabheda paDatAM, pote e jagyAnuM rAjInAmuM mokalI, bIjIvAranA nivRtta thayA; paNa pAchaLathI dabANa thatAM, e jagyA pharI svIkArI che ane adyApi te pada para che. uparokata rAjInAmuM ApyA pachI emanI vidvattAnI kadara bujI sarakAre temane dIvAna bahAdurano IlkAba ba hato; ane hamaNAM ApaNuM muMbaI yunivarsiTIe emane Thakakara vasanajI mAdhavajI lekacarsa (1930-31) ApavAne niyojyA che. * sana 1920 thI teo gu. va. sosAiTInA pramukha dara varSe cUMTAya che ane te pahelAM paNa sAITI sAthe temano saMbaMdha bahu gADha, sakriya ane lAMbe che; ane e padanuM kartavya-javAbadArI lakSamAM laIne emaNe sana 1921 mAM sosAITI taraphathI prasiddha thayelA gujarAtI koSanuM navuM saMskaraNa, zAstrIya ane aitihAsika paddhatie taiyAra karavAnuM saune sahakAra maLaze evI AzAthI AraMbheluMparaMtu madadanA abhAve ane mAtra ekale hAthe kAma karavAnuM mAthe paDavAthI phakata 5 kAra ane , mA, ema traNa akSare ja saLaMga navesara taiyAra thaI zakyA che, je e viSayamAM kArya kartAone avazya mArgadarzaka ane madadagAra thaze. evI ja kartavyaniSThAthI emaNe prAcIna gurjara kAvyonI navI AvRttio, bane teTalI zuddha ane zAstrIya rIte taiyAra karavAnI yojanA hAthamAM lIdhelI che. Ajadina sudhImAM e mALAnA traNa pustake prasiddha thaI cUkyAM che ane bIjA graMthanuM saMzodhana kArya AgaLa cAlu che ane tenuM eDiTiga kArya jude jude hAthe vaheMcI nAMkheluM che. vaLI sana 1925 mAM amadAvAdamAM bharAyelA kaLA-pradarzananA aMge thayelA nATaya saMmelana prasaMge emaNe ApeluM prAcIna nATayazAstra viSe vyAkhyAna emane saMskRta sAhityane uMDe abhyAsa ane saMzodhanane uttama namune raju kare che. 32

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kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva sana 1928 mAM emaNe dayArAma viSe vyAkhyAna ApeluM je emanA "premAnaMda" viSenA lekhanI peThe pramANabhUta thaze. sana 1929mAM muMbAImAM maLelI kavi pariSadamAM pramukhapadethI ApeluM emanuM vyAkhyAna paNa kAvyasAhityanA vAcakane eTaluM ja upakAraka jaNAze. A parathI joI zakAze ke emanAM saMkhyAbaMdha prakIrNa lekhone saMgraha paNa emanI anya kRtionI peThe eTaleja mahatvane ane kiMmatI che. emanA pustako ane lekhonI yAdI: meLanI mudrikA 1889 amaru zataka 1892 gIta goviMda 1895 mudrArAkSasa (saM.) 1900 chAyAghaTakarpara 1902 pradhAnanI pratijJA 1915 vidhyavananI kanyakA 1915 bhAlaNa kRta kAdaMbarI-pUrva bhAga 1916 svaninI suMdarI 1916 madhyama nATaka 1920 padyapATha 1922 laghu gIta goviMda 1924 prAcIna gurjara kAvya 1927 ratnadAsakRta harizcaMdrAkhyAna 1927 pratimA 1928 The Malayas of the Mudrarakshasa 1882, [Indian Antiquary.] The Age of Visakhadatta [Vieana Oriental Journal.] mudrArAkSasa 1882 [buddhiprakAza.] mugdhAvadha aikitaka upara vArika 1882 [ ma ka ] padyaracanAnA prakAra 1907 [ kha >> ] 1882,

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1925 [ ,,] saMskRta nATakanI prAcInatA samudraAmanA uttarAdhikArI yArAma viSe kaMika 1928 [ ,, ] 1929 [ ] pAlakA pacosI 1929 [ 1 ,, 92 cakravartI hane nAme caDelAM be bheda stAntrA--1918 [navajIvana ane satya] gIta gAviMda pavanadUtane ko~ dhAyI 1892 [kRSNa mahAdaya] [purAtattva pu. 1, aM. 1] 1924 [buddhiprakAza] gIvANu kavi jayadevanA satkartA svapnavAsavadatta upara navA prakAza. mRcchakaTikamAM saMdricchedanA aMka laliteMdu guphAnA lekha uttararAma caritramAMthI citradarzana vRttAnA vaparATanI kaseTI joie chie ke joiye che? graMthakAra caritrAvaLI vAvyApAra khIjI pariAdanuM bhASaNa vanavelI. jUnI gujarAtInA namUnA premAnaMda ....... . 34 22 29 [vasaMta] [samAleAcaka] ,, ] ,] [, 29 [,, [sAbaramatI] 1908 [sAhitya ane vArtA] 1905 pahelI sAhitya pariSadanA rIporTa] 1907 [bIjI sA. 5. ne! rIpe] 1920 [chaThThI gu. sA. piraSadanA rIporTa 1887 [gujarAta zALApatra] 1905 [vasaMta] yugapurANanAM aitihAsika tattva [gujarAtI sAhitya sabhA rajata maheAtsava.] 29

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kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI ee jAte bhAva brAhmaNu ane bharUcanA vatanI che. emanA pitAnuM nAma mANekalAla narabherAma munazI ane mAtAnuM nAma tApIlakSmI che. emanA pitA ane kAkAtrI vagere sarakArI nAkarImAM uMce hai!dde pahoMcI, mutsadI tarIke mazahura thayalA; ane vaDilAnuM buddhikauzalya ane mutsadIgIrI, emanAmAM edhAne utarelA pratyakSa thAya che. emane janma bharUcamAM tA. 29-12-1887 nA rAja thayA hatA. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa, pitAnI nAkarInI pheraphArInA aMge, ekaja sthaLe levAnuM baneluM nahi. teo sana 1902 mAM meTrika thai, vaDeAdarA kaeNlejamAM dAkhala thayalA; ane sana 1906 mAM khI. e., nI parIkSA pIleAseASI aicchika viSaya laIne auna vargamAM pasAra karI hatI. sana 1910 mAM teo ela ela. khI; ane sana 1913 mAM eDaveArkeTa thayA hatA. vakIlAtanA dhaMdhA zarU karyAM paNa te sAthe anya pravRttiomAM rasa levAnuM cheDayuM naheAtuM. sana 1917mAM sTuDanTasa bradharahuDa taraphathI samAjasevA viSe inAmI nibaMdha lakhI, meAtIvALA prAijha meLavyuM hatuM ane te samaye muMbAImAM nikaLelI gurjara sabhAmAM joDAi, dezanA anekavidha prazna cavAmAM tee agresara bhAga letA hatA. aitihAsika ane sAmAjika navalakathA lakhavAnuM kA tyArathI AraMbheluM; ane temAM emane svastha raNajItarAma taraphathI sArUM preotsAhana maLeluM. "pATaNanI prabhutA" lakhIne temaNe janatAmAM gujarAtana! gaurava mATe eka prakAranuM abhimAna pedA karyuM che. e navalakathAmAMnuM mukhya pAtra muMjAlanuM citra evI dakSatAthI ane hubahu doryuM che ke ApaNA sAhityamAM e eka jIvata pAtra banI rahyuM che. te pachI emaNe saMkhyAbaMdha navalakathAnAM pustakA racyAM che ane te eTalAM saphaLa nivaDayAM che ke gujarAtI navalakathAkArAmAM temaNe gavanarAmanI sAthe samAna sthAna prApta karyuM che. emanI navalakathAonI mAphka emanAM nATakA, 'puradara parAjaya' ane avibhakta AtmA', 'dhruva svAminI devI', vagere leAkapriya nivaDI, uttama sAhitya kRti lekhAi che ane emanuM chelluM nATaka "kAkAnI zazI'' te sTeja para bhajavAI, cetaraphathI prazaMsA pAmyuM che. ee! navalakathAkAra ane nATakakAra heAtrAnI sAthe eka suMdara vaktA paNa che ane emanI pratibhAzALI kalamanI jema emanI vANIneA pravAha 35

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI eTalAja ejasvI ane AkaSa ka thai paDe che. sAhitya sevA mATenI dhagaza emanAmAM nhAnapaNathI uchALA mAratI hatI. abhyAsa pUrA thatAMja, pAte eka jJAtimAsika kADheluM, navajIvana ane satya' tema byaMga inDiyA' aThavADikanA sahataMtrI nimAyalA. vaLI suratamAM maLelI jJAti mAsikAnA taMtrIonI pariSadamAM, emanI khAsa sUcanAthI jJAti vArSika nAmanuM eka pustaka kADhavAne TharAva thayaleA, jenA e aMkA prakaTa thayA hatA. paNa e badhAmAM emanI khyAti "gujarAta"nA taMtrI tarIke vizeSa jANItI che, ane gujarAtI mAsikreAmAM vIsamI sadI' pachI tenuM sthAna lai, eka sacitra mAsika tarIke je sthAna ane pratiSThA teNe meLavyAM che te tenA taMtro mATe magarUra thavA jevuM ane gauravabharyuM che. sana 1922 mAM emaNe muMbAimAM sAhitya saMsad sthApI, gujarAtI sAhityamAM eka navIna ane prabaLa zakti dAkhala karI che; te pravRtti keTalI phaLavatI, rasALa ane upayeAgI nivaDI che, e viSe anya kAinA abhiprAya karatAM, enuM kAya ane enA graMtheAja puratA uttara Apaze. AThamI sAhitya pariSada muMbAimAM saMsad taraphathI nAta pachI, te sAhitya pariSadanI pravRtti sAthe ekameka thai rahelA che. navuM piraSada maMDaLa eTale munazI, jema bhaDALa kamiTI eTale preA. baLavaMtarAma hArkAra. e arasAmAMja emaNe junI praNAlikA tADI, zrImatI lIlAvatI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM. samAjamAM e lagne jema parivarttana karyuM che tema sAhityasRSTimAM e joDuM lAMkhe| samaya sudhI ajoDa raheze. sAhitya ane samAja sudhArAnI peThe keLavaNI ane rAjakIya viSayeAmAM paNa emanA hissA thADe! nathI. muMbAi yunivarsiTImAM te atyAre mukhya kAya katAM-sinDIka che ane dhArAsabhAmAM paNa yunivarasiTinA pratinidhi tarIke emaNe peAtAnA vyaktitvathI uttama chApa pADelI che. khAraDAlI satyAgrahanI laDatamAM aNInA vakhate joDAI, e laDatane jema jhoka ApyA hatA tema cAlu sIvIla DisaebIDiansa-satyAgrahanI laDatamAM mahAtmAnI paDakhe ubhA rahI purA sAtha ApavAnI tee zarUAta karatA hatA, eTalAmAM sarakAre emane pakaDI lai, cha mAsanI sajA karI che, e paNa vidhinI agamya lIlA che. 36

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kanaiyAlAla mANekalAla munazI emanA graMthanI yAdI mArI kamalA ne bIjI vAte veranI vasulAta gujarAtane nAtha pRthivI-valabha kone vAMka puraMdara parAjaya ane avibhakta AtmA rAjAdhirAja keTalAka lekha bhA. 1, 2. tarpaNa svapnadraSTA bhagavAna kauTilya kAkAnI zazI dhruvasvAminIdevI sana 1917 , 1919 , 1919 che : 1921 1924 1924 1925 1926 1926 1927 che 19ra9 37.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI kRSNalAla mehanalAla jhaverI, (dIvAna bahAdura) ema. e. elaela. bI. ee bharUcanA dazA moDha vaNika che. rA. bA. mehanalAla raNachoDadAsa jhaverIne tyAM tA. 30 mI DIsembara sane 1868 saM. 1925nA poSa vada 1 ne samavArane divase kRSNalAlabhAIno janma thayo hato. emanAM mAtuzrInuM nAma rUkSmaNIbA hatuM. rA. bA. mohanalAlabhAInA e kaniSTha putra che. gujarAtI keLavaNInA eka sthaMbha gaNAtA mohanalAlabhAI sAmAnyataH pitAnAM saMtAne para pite ja keLavaNInA prathama saMskAra pADatA. e mujaba kaNalAlabhAIne akSara jJAnane lAbha pitA dvArA suratamAMja maLelo. gujarAtIne cheDo abhyAsa suratamAM karAvI pachI emane bharUcanI zALAmAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvyA hatA. emanI smaraNa zakti tathA grahaNa zakti tIvra hovAthI daza varSanI vaye gujarAtI abhyAsa saMpUrNa karI eoe aMgrejIne AraMbha hatA. bharUcamAM be dhoraNa purAM karyo eTale emanA vaDIla badhuM metIlAla je te samaye bhAvanagaranI hAIskUlamAM madadanIza zikSaka hatA ane pAchaLathI e rAjyanA keLavaNuM khAtAnA inspekaTara thayA hatA, temaNe emane pitAnI pAse bolAvI lIdhA. te samayanA emanA sahAdhyAyImAM sara manubhAI, dI. bA. ThAkararAma kapIlarAma mahetA sI. AI. I vagere hatA. aMgrejI trIjA dhoraNathI bI.e. sudhIno abhyAsa emaNe bhAvanagaramAM karyo hato. emanA prophesaro mahuma AgA zekha mahamada IsphahAnI, muMbAI yunIvarsITInA hAlamAM ja nivRtta thayelA rajIsTrAra khAnabahAdUra prophesara dastura vagere hatA. e prophesaranI emanA para atyaMta prIti hatI. emaNe meTriIkayulezananI parIkSA pasAra karI parIvala skolarazIpa meLavI hatI. prathama prayatna IMTara ArTasanI parIkSAmAM eo niSphaLa thayA. AthI yunIvarsITInI khAsa paravAnagI meLavI eoe InTara ArTasa tathA bI. e. nI parIkSA ekI sAthe ApI hatI. temAM saphaLa thayA eTaluMja nahiM paNa bI. e., mAM te pahelA vargamAM pasAra thaI gavarIzaMkara golDa meDala paNa meLavyuM. (I. sa. 1888mAM) A samaye emanuM vaya mAtra vIza varSanuM hatuM. bhAvanagaranI sAmaLadAsa kolejamAM ema. e. no varga nahi hovAthI vadhu abhyAsa mATe eo muMbaI AvyA ne elphInsTana kolejamAM dAkhala thayA ane tyAMthI ema. e. nI parIkSA pasAra karI. eo tyAra pahelAMja eja

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kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverI kolejamAM dakSiNa phelo cUMTAyA hatA. emaNe sane 1890-91 sudhI eja kelejamAM phArasI adhyApaka tarIke kAma karyuM. bAda kAyadAnI baMne parIkSAo pasAra karI. elaela bI. nA abhyAsa vakhate sara ramaNabhAI emanA sahAdhyAyI hatA. yunIvarasITImAM AvI uttama rIte himaMda thavAthI emanI IcchA vadhu abhyAsa mATe vilAyana javAnI hatI. e viSayamAM emaNe bhAvanagara rAjyanA cIpha meDIkala ophIsara che. barajorajI tathA Do. zivanAthanI salAha lIdhI paraMtu emanuM zarIra te samaye eTaluM te kRza hatuM ke e be anubhavI DAkaTaroe emane vilAyata javA salAha ApI nahiM. sane 1893mAM elaela. bInI parIkSA pasAra karyA pachI emaNe hAIkeraTanI epeleTa sAIDa para vakIla tarIke kAmakAja zarU karyuM. tene aMge keTalAMka vaSa sva. sva. govardhanarAma tripAThInA madadanIza tarIke kAma karyuM ane pite nivRtta thatAM sva. govardhanabhAIe pitAnuM sarva kAmakAja emane suprata karyuM. govardhanabhAIne emanA bheTa baMdhuM meMtIlAlabhAI sAthe gADha neha hato. sane 1893 thI 19 05 sudhI emaNe hAIkorTamAM vakIlAta karI. te vakhate hAIkorTamAM cIpha jasTIsa tarIke sara lorensa jenjhInsa hatA, temanI emane para atyaMta prIti hatI. muMbAinI lakajha korTamAM e samaye eka jaDajanI jagA khAlI paDI. gujarAtI bhASAnA sArA jJAnavALA tathA dezI rIte rAkhavAmAM AvatA cepaDA sArI rIte samajI zake evA eka jaDajanI e korTamAM jarUra hatI tethI vagara mAge sara lorensa emanI te jagAe nimaNuMka karavA khuzI batAvI sarakArane bhalAmaNa karI. hAIkorTamAM vakIlAtane vaLagI rahevAthI bhaviSyamAM sArA lAbhanI AzA hatI te jatI karI jenTInsa sAhebanA Agrahane vaza thaI temane nArAja na karavA mATe emaNe e jagAne sane 1905 mAM svIkAra karyo. tyAMthI upara caDhatAM caDhatAM sane 1918mAM teo smolakejha kerTInA vaDA jaDaja thayA. tyAra pahelAM eTale ke sane 1915mAM emanI vaDA jaDaja tarIke nimaNuMka na. sarakAre karI hatI. paraMtu hAIkorTane te vakhatanA cIpha jasTIse vAMdho uThAvyo ke kAyadA pramANe molakajha kArTanA dA jaDaja berIsTara athavA evaoNkaTa hovA joIe. AthI amane pAchuM pAnAnI bALa jana ja para javuM paDyuM. paraMtu 39

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLo te samayanI muMbai nA. sarakAranI kaunsilanA sabhya sara mahAdeva caukhale A saMbaMdhe kAyadA sudharAvyA ane vakIlA paNa e ehvA mATe lAyaka che evI kalama dAkhala karAvI. tethI vakhata Ave pAchA sarakAre emane vaDA jaDajanI jagAe nImyA. A pachI emaNe sane 1928nA DIsekharanI Akhara sudhI eTale pote nivRtta thayA tyAM sudhI bhAgavI. sara lArensa jenkInsanA vacananuM mAna rAkhavA khAtara emane je bhAga ApavA paDaye tenuM smaraNa jyAre jyAre hAIkAmAM jaDajanI jagA khAlI paDatI tyAre tyAre saune thayA karatuM; kAraNa jo hAkeAnI vakIlAtane vaLagI rahyA hota te e jaDajanI jagAne lAbha emane maLyA vagara raheta nahiM, ema saunuM dhAravuM hatuM; jo ke pAchaLathI ee hAI kAnA jaDaja paNa nImAyA hatA. sane 1927mAM hAI kATanA eka khArIsTara jaDajanI kAmacalAu jagA khAlI paDatAM pAte vakIla hAvA chatAM emanI e jagAe nimaNuMka karavAmAM AvI hatI. emaNe cAra pAMca mAsa sUdhI e Asane besI erIjInala sAiDa paranA keseAne evI te khAheAzI ane tvarAthI nIkAla karI ApyA ke jethI pakSakAra, khArIsTara-solIsITara darekane saMpUrNa satASa thayA hatA. sane 1929 nA juna mAsamAM sarakAre emane dIvAna bahAduranA IlkAba ApyA. sAkSaratA tA emanI traNa peDhIthI cAlI Ave che. pitAmahu raNacheADadAsa AkhA gujarAtamAM keLavaNInA pitAnA nAmathI oLakhAya che ane emanA pitA rA. bA. meAhanalAla sane 1858 nI heApa vAcanamALA kamiTInA sabhya hatA, ane e vAcanamALAnA amuka viSaya paranA pATha emanA lakhelA hatA. surata jIllAnAM gAmaDAMmAM te Aje paNa je kAI DepyuTI parIkSA levA Ave te "mA"lAla" nA nAmathI oLakhAya che. vaMza para parAthI utaratI AvelI keLavaNInI pragatimAM kRSNalAlabhAinA hissA sauthI meATA che, sane 1893 thI 1905 sUdhI yunIvarsITInI phArasInI parIkSAmAM e parIkSaka nImAtA hatA. elaela. bI. mAM paNa ee parIkSaka nImAtA hatA. ane sane 1924 thI Aja paryaMta kAI vakhata bI. e., kAI vakhata ema. e., nI parIkSAmAM ee gujarAtInA parIkSaka nImAya che. emanA pitAnA svargavAsa pachI temanI jagAe sarakArI keLavaNI khAtA taraphathI emane "jIka-kamiTI" mAM nImavAmAM AvyA hata!. 40

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kRSNalAla mohanalAla jhaverI Aje keTalAM varSothI gujarAtI pustakanI "moDarna rIvyu" mAM emanA 2 thI karavAmAM AvatI samAlocanA tarapha gujarAtI vAcakonuM lakSa cAyA kare che. sane 1926 mAM gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadu jyAre muMbAdamAM maLI tyAre eo tenA svAgata maMDaLanA adhyakSa cUMTAyA hatA. sAhitya sevA uparAMta emanI bIjI sevAo anekavidha che. muMbAInAM aneka dharmAdA khAtAo ane jAhera saMsthAomAM, kAMte pramukha, kAMte vyavasthApaka kamiTImAM, kAMto Trejharara tarIke eo kAma kare che. e ja-TIsa vadhI pIsa che. muMbaI yunIvarsITInA phelo hovA uparAMta o yunivarsITInI gujarAtI "bArDa e sTaDIjha" nA pramukha tathA nIvasaTI lAIbrerI kamiTInA eka sabhya che. lakojha korTanA vaDA jaDaja tarIke emane potAnA hakkanuM saMrakSaNa karavA nA. sarakAra sAthe avAranavAra laDavuM paDatuM, chelle chelle nivRtta thayA pachI paNa pizana bAbatamAM dezIone ane yuropIaonA penzana nanI rakamanA bhedane laine emaNe cAra mAsa sudhI penzana lIdheluM nahi. A bAbatamAM have pachInA dareka vaDA jaDajane pachI te berIsTara hoya ke vakIla hoya te paNa eka sarakhuM penzana ApavAno TharAva sarakAra pAse karAvarAvIne emaNe e praznano aMta ANyo che. mAtRbhASA uparAMta phArasI, iMgrejI, UdU, baMgALI ane marAThI bhASAnuM e sAruM gAna dharAve che. hAlamAM pAlaNapuranA navAba sAhebanA Agrahane laIne tyAMnA jayuDozIala eDavAIjhara tarIke eo kAma kare che. sane 1929 mAM sarakAre nabAInAM hullaDanI tapAsa samitimAM emanI nimaNuMka karI hatI. vaLI amadAvAdamAM eja varSamAM mIlamajura ane mIlamAlIke vacce pagAranI rakama saMbaMdhI vAMdhe paDatAM te vAMdhe mahAtmA gAMdhIjI ane zeTha maMgaLadAsa pAse lavAda -rIke mUkavAmAM Avyo. temAM baMne lavAdo vacce matabheda thatAM sarapaMca tarIke emane nImavAmAM AvelA, ane beu pakSanI takarAra sAMbhaLI e praznane abhyAsa karI emaNe je nirNaya Apo tethI baMne pakSane saMtoSa thayo hate. junI phArasI sanada ane hastalikhita prate ukelavAno emane bahu zekha che. jUnA phArasI daratAne upara emaNe IgrejI tathA guja- tImAM lekha lakhyA che. vaiSNava saMpradAyanA bInAthajInA hAlanA mahArAjanA

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI pUrvajone akabara, zAhajahAna vagere bAdazAho pAsethI je pharamAne maLelAM, te pharamAne asala phArasImAM che. te sarvanuM IgrejI tathA gujarAtI bhASAMtara karI TIpa sAthe heTA pustakarUpe emaNe e pharamAna bahAra pADayAM che. emanAM pustakenI yAdI haidaraalI ne TIpu sulatAna (1894) dayArAma ne hAphejha (1895) auraMgajeba ane rAjapUta (1896) mehasInInAM nIti vacano (1897) kRSNacaritra (1908) gujarAtI sAhityanA mArga sUcaka thaMbhe bhAga 1 (1927) bhAga 2 (1930) phArasI-IgrejI, Persian Prosody with Figures of Speech 1st Ed. (1890) IgrejI. Translation into English of Saadis Tayyabat (101-150) (1890) Outlines of Essays for Higher Standards in High Schools (1892) Translation into English of the Gazals of Hafez (101-300) (1892) Introduction to the Anware Sohaili (1892) Notes on the Akhlake Mohasini (1892) Shivaji or The Dawn of Maratha Empire (1898) Milestones in Gujarati Literature (1914) Further Milestones in Gujarati Literature (1924) Imperial Farmans (1929) (in the press). 42

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kozikarAma vihararAma mahetA kauzikarAma vinahararAma mahetA eo jJAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha ane suratanA vatanI che. emane janma saM. 1930 (sana 1874) nA A vadi 6 nA roja suratamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM pUruM nAma vidanahararAma balarAma mahetA ane mAtAnuM nAma haradayAgaurI che. sana 1889 mAM emaNe meTrIkanI parIkSA surata hAIskUlamAMthI pasAra karelI ane pachI vaDodarA kolejamAM joDAyelA, tyAMthI sane 1892 mAM bI. e., nI parIkSA bhASA ane sAhitya aicchika viSaya laine bIjA vargamAM pAsa karI hatI. emanA priya viSayo, zistraNa zAstra, tattvajJAna ane sAhitya che; ane e viSayono emano abhyAsa ane anubhava paNa bahALe ane jhINe che. emaNe jude jude sthaLoe eka zikSaka tarIke kAma kareluM che; ane badhe sthaLe emanA zikSaNanI prazaMsA thayelI che. kAThiyAvADamAM to emanuM nAma gharagathu jevuM thaI rahyuM che. eo junAgaDha hAIskUlamAM lAMbA samaya sudhI heDamAstara hatA, tyAra pachI eka varSa rAjakoTamAM, ane chevaTanA bhAgamAM bhAvanagaramAM vidyAdhikArInA hodde nimAyA hatA; paNa kensila sAthe matabheda uThatAM, teo potAnA adhikAra uparathI nivRtta thayA hatA. keTalAMka varSothI teo amadAvAdamAM rahe che, ane zaheranAM keTalAMka jANatAM zrImaMta kuTuMba sAthe rIDara ane kaMpeniyana tarIke emane saMbaMdha thayo che. zeTha zrI aMbAlAla sArAbhAInI Adarza kuTuMbazALAmAM aneka varSothI teo adhyApaka hovA uparAMta hAla teo amadAvAda vanitAvizrAmamAM mukhya adhyApakanA pade che. emanuM saMskRtanuM jJAna paNa sAruM che. e kaThina bhASAmAM e uttama kAvyaracanA karI zake che. vidyArthIo mATe emanAM racelAM pustaka "sarala saMskRta" bhAga 1-2 navA zikhAu vargamAM lokapriya nivaDyAM che. ApaNA vaidika dharma ane tatvajJAnanA teo uMDA abhyAsI che, ema emanA "mahAkAla', sadupadeza zreNu vageremAM prakaTa thayelA lekhonA vAcana parathI mAluma paDaze, vaLI emanA savaiyA, je emanI anokhI kRti che, te emanI saMskAritA, rasikatA, uMDuM manana ane abhyAsane sarasa khyAla Ape che. keTalAka samaya sudhI emaNe "svadharma-jAgRti" mAsika calAvyuM hatuM. temAM nIti, dharma ane sAhitya viSayaka lekho AvatA hatA; paNa keTalAka pratibaMdhane lIdhe te temane baMdha karavuM paDayuM hatuM. 49

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI sana 1925 mAM emaNe "so TacanI vAto" bALaka mATe chapAvI hatI, te vAMcatAM jaNAya che ke bALa svabhAvanuM emanuM nirIkSaNa uM, jhINuM ane samabhAvI che. ghaNuM varSo para emaNe gArIzaMkara ojhAnuM eka vistRta jIvanacaritra lakhyuM hatuM. sana 1901-2 mAM "puruSa ane strI' nAmanuM pustaka be bhAgamAM lakhyuM hatuM, ane mAsikamAM ApelA emanA prakIrNa lekhene jaze paNa meTa thavA jAya che. surata sAhitya pariSadamAM teo pariSadanA eka maMtrI nimAyelA; ane chaThThI sAhitya pariSadamAM jAhera vyAkhyAna ApavAne emane nimaMtraNa karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te pUrve ghaNA samaya para emaNe gujarAta sAhitya sabhAamadAvAda taraphathI sAkSara jayaMtinA aMge "dhIre ane tenI kavitA" viSe eka vyAkhyAna ApyuM hatuM, je te kavi viSe abhyAsa karanArane upayogI thAya ema che. amadAvAdamAM ane bIje sthaLoe aneka varSothI emanI vyAkhyAna pravRtti cAlu rahelI che. Ama, eka Adarza zikSaka hovAnI sAthe teo eka sArA dharmatattvaciMtaka, sAhityakAra ane vyAkhyAtA tarIke jANItA che. emanA graMtho nIce mujaba cheH mahAkAla, sadupadeza zreNI, vageremAM lekho sana 1891 thI cAlu gaurIzaMkara ojhAnuM jIvanacaritra sana 1899 purUSa ane strI bhA. 1 ke 1901 , bhA. 2 , 1902 savaiyA , 1904 thI cAlu sarala saMskRta bhA. 1 1916 , bhA. 2 , 1917 so TacanI vAta 1925

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khuzavadanalAla caMdulAla ThAkora khuzavadanalAla caMdulAla ThAkora e jJAtie brahmakSatriya ane bharUcanA vatanI hatA. emano janma mArgazIrSa zuda6 saMvata 1956 nA roja bharUcamAM thayuM hatuM. emanA pitAnuM nAma caMdulAla umedarAma ThAkora ane mAtAnuM nAma caMdramaNi hatuM. emane mAbApanuM sukha lAMbo samaya maLeluM nahi ane sAthe garIbAI paNa AvelI. tema chatAM aneka muzkelIo vacce eo vaDodarA kolejamAMthI bI. e. nI DIgrI igrejI icchita viSaya laIne Anarsa saha, meLavavA zakitamAna thayelA, te emanA khaMtapUrvaka abhyAsa ane uttama cAritranuM phaLa hatuM. teo surata khAdIdhArI hatA; ane mahAtmAjInA Adarzone jhIlavAne pUre pUre prayatna karatA. bharUcamAM eo jAhera sevA kAryathI AgaLa AvI, vidyArthI AlamamAM lokapriya thaI paDyA hatA, thoDAka vakhata para emaNe bharUcamAM eka sArI mAdhyamika zALAnI khoTa hatI te pUrI pADavA, pAyoniyara hAiskula nAmanI eka navI IgrejI nizALa kADhI hatI. te pagabhara thAya, tenuM kaMI phaLa Ave te pUrve teo bharayuvAna ye mRtyu pAmyA che, e eka duHkhadAyaka banAve che. emaNe sana 1924mAM mekasvInI kRta "Principles of Freedom' e puratakano " svataMtratAnA siddhAMta ' e nAme anuvAda karyo hata; ane te pustaka "prajAbaMdhu' paDyuM tenA grAhakene bheTa ApyuM hatuM. te pachI gaye varSe ( sana 1929mAM ) gu. va. sosAITIne lakhI ApeluM pro. berIkRta "History of Freedom of Thought' e nAmanA pustakano "vicAra vAtaMtryano ItihAsa ' e nAme anuvAdanuM pustaka, bahAra paDayuM hatuM. emane priyaviSaya kAvyazAstra hato. graMthakAra caritrAvaLInuM chApeluM phorma emanA taraphathI bharAI AvyuM tyAre amane svapna paNa khyAla nahi ke AvuM aNamUlyuM ratna Ama akALe tA. 19 mI mArca 1928 ne budhavAre dUra kALanA mukhamAM jhapaTAI jaze. emanA pustakonI yAdI svataMtratAnA siddhAMto. sana 1924 [ Principles of Freedom ] 2 vicAra svAtaMtrayane itihAsa. , 1929 [ History of Freedom of Thought ] 45

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI gajendraza kara lAlazaMkara paMDayA. ee suratanA vatanI ane jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa-vaidika che. emanA janma naDiyAdamAM saM. 1951 nA caitra vada 9/10 nA rAja thayeA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma lAlazaMkara abhayazaMkara ane mAtAnuM nAma rakatAMbarA hatuM. gujarAtI cha dheAraNa pUrAM karyAM pachI emaNe IMgrejI zikSaNa levA mAMDeluM, sana 1911 mAM meTrIkanI parIkSA pAsa karI teo kAlejamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. sana 1916 mAM bI. e. eNnasanI DIgrI aMgrejI saMskRta aicchika viSaya laine meLavI; ane sana 1920 mAM ema. e., thayA ane sana 1926 mAM khI. TI. nI parIkSA pAsa karI. sana 1924 mAM tee muMbAinI vinatA vizrAmamAM prinsipAla nimAyA; paNa tyAM lAMbe samaya rahevAnuM thAya te agAu gujarAta kAlejamAM gujarAtInA adhyApaka tarIke emanI pasaMdagI thai; ane ahiM penzanara adhyApakeAnA navA niyamane lIdhe e vathI vadhu rahevAnuM thayuM nahi. emanA priya viSayeA gujarAtI bhASAzAstra ane sAhitya che. sa. 1981 mAM kaumudI' mAM premAnaMdanA "mAmerA' para eka vistRta, vivecanAtmaka nibaMdha emaNe prathama lakheleA. te pachI avAranavAra prAcIna kAvya viSe eka vA khIjA mAsikamAM tee lakhatA rahyA che. paNa vizeSa dhyAna kheMce evI binA, emanA jIvanamAM e che ke teo eka sArA nATakakAra che; ane emanA keTalAMka nATakA jemake 'jamAnAnA raMga,'"kaeNAlejanI kanyA" 'kAzmIranuM prabhAta,' 'vijaya kAnA' 'kulAMgAra kapUta,' 'kudaratanA nyAya' vigere raMgabhUmi para saphaLa thayAM che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH 1 saMkSipta saMskRta vyAkaraNa [meTrIka varga mATe.] 2 e AkhyAna. 3 vallabhanuM jIvana 4 narasiMhanuM jIvana, 46 sa. 1978 sa. 1984 sa. 1985 sa. 1985

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gijubhAI bhagavAnajI badhekA gijubhAI bhagavAnajI badhekA eo vallabhIpura-vaLAnA vatanI; jJAtie audicya sahastra brAhmaNa che. emane janma tA. 15 mI navembara 1885nA divase bhAvanagaramAM thayo hate. emanA pitAnuM nAma bhagavAna zaMkara badhekA ane mAtAnuM nAma zrImatI kAzIbahena che. eoe prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa bhAvanagaramAM ja lIdheluM. sana 1905 mAM meTrikyulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, zAmaLadAsa kaoNlejamAM joDAyA hatA. tyAMthI priviyasanI parIkSA pasAra karyA pachI temaNe kAyado vAMco zarU karyo ane pote DisTrikaTa ane hAIkorTa vakIla thayA; paNa keLavaNu prati jANe ke naisargika AkarSaNa na hoya tema vakIlAta karavAnuM nApasaMda karI, teo zrIyuta nasiMhaprasAda bhaTTa navA zarU karelA dakSiNAmUrti vidyArthI bhavanamAM dAkhala thayA. samasta gujarAtamAM Aje e saMsthA eka prAthamika keLavaNunuM jIvaMta kendra ane prayogazALA banI rahI che, eno yaza mukhyatve emane che. emanA priya viSaya sAhitya ane zikSaNazAstra che. zikSaNazAstrane emaNe potAno khAsa abhyAsa ane prayogano viSaya karI mukelo che; keLavaNInA kSetramAM AjakAla je navuM cetana najare paDe che, e emanI satata khaMta bharI pravRttine keTaleka daraje AbhArI che. gujarAtamAM menTesarI zikSaNa paddhati pracalita karanAra, eja che, jo ke chUTAchavAyA ane vyaktigata prayatno kaI kaI sthaLoe pUrve thayA haze. jyArathI bAlamaMdira dakSiNAmUrtie sthApyuM che, tyArathI e tenA prANa banI rahyA che; ekaluM zikSaNakArya emanA mATe basa nathI. teo pracArakAryamAM paNa eTalI ja zraddhA dharAve che, ane te pAchaLa emaNe upADela zrama apUrva che. emaNe bALako mATe saMkhyAbaMdha pustake lakhelAM che. bAlasAhityanI ApaNe ahiM je uNapa jaNAyA karatI hatI, te dakSiNAmUrtinA prakazanethI ghaNe aMze ochI thaI che. hamaNAM temaNe janatAmAMthI nirakSaratA TALavAne mahAbhArata akhatare zarU karyo che, ane te mATenI emanI dhagaza ane paddhatisara kArya karavAnI zakti ane vyavasthA jatAM, emane e akhatara phatehamaMda thavAnI AzA paDe che. AvA emanA niHsvArtha ane sarasa sevAkArya badala gaye varSe emane raNajItarAma suvarNacaMdraka apAyo hato. 47

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. vaLI eo "zikSaNa patrikA" nA sahataMtrI che, je mAsika prAthamika keLavaNamAM rasa lenArAo mATe agatyanuM che ane tenuM lavAjama paNa tene bahoLo pracAra thAya e hetuthI mAtra eka rUpiyo rakhAyuM che. emanA pustakanI yAdI bAla lokagIta saMgraha bhA. 1, 2 1928 bALavArtAo bhA. 1 thI 5 (trIjI AvRtti) 1929 kailAsa mAnasa sarevara darzana. [marAThIno gujarAtI anuvAda] menTesorI paddhati [aMgrejInuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara.] vArtAnuM zAstra vArtA kahenArane gharamAM bALake zuM karavuM? bALa krIDAMgaNa dharmAtmAonAM carite [trIjI AvRtti.] 1929 bhagavAna buddha - 1930 kizora kathAo [bIjI AvRtti.] 1929 rakhaDu ToLI [aMgrejI anuvAda.] 1928-29 vasaMtamALAnAM pustake - svataMtra bAlazikSaNa bAlajIyanamAM DokiyuM zikSaNanA vahema bALakonuM hovuM bAla maMdiramAM bALakone khorAka bALakanI kuTevo tophAnI bALaka bAlagraha sAMjanI moja davAkhAne jaI caDhayo navA AcAre bAla sAhityamALAnAM pustaka: 1928-29 daramiyAna. gaNapati bApA kabATa cele bALakone bIrabala-1 ubhuM hatuM, ubhuM hatuM. bALanATaka-1 hajAmatI haMsa ane haMsA

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tirAja gAmaDAmAM maLajo bAla pravAse mArA geDIyA jarA hasA kyAMthI AvyAM ? madrA je rAkSasa rUpasiMha ne rAmasiMha TapAlanI peTI gadheDuM cIDIyAkhAnuM mahAsabhAe gharamAM AMgaNAmAM zerImAM bALazALAmAM gAmamAM pharavA jaie bheAM bheAM bhAM gadheDuM ne gheADuM dAdA darzane bALanATakA-ra gijubhASa bhagavAnajI badhekA pATha ApanArAone meAnTaseArI pati kharcALa che ? meonTesarI zikSakanI dRSTi meAtIyA rAmajIbhAI paDI gayA ! dhAbIDeA dhue che pIrI ane mAmAnI nya vADAmAM 49 rAjanIzI ALakAnA khIramala ra mArI gAya kALA hAtha, kALI dADhI khaLAvADa pUchuM ? yuddha caritra gujarAta mahArASTra (sayukta) harizcaMdra nAnA pATho savArathI mAMDIne moTA pAThA kudaratamAM nAnI vAte menTesorI zikSaNa pracAramALAnAM pustaka: kahevatAnAM mULa gagALA AphrikA sAMbharyuM zabdapeAthI vAkyAthI ciThThIpAthI

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI gArIza'kara govaradhanarAma jozI. ee kAThiyAvADamAM AvelA goMDala gAmanA vatanI kheDAvALa brAhmaNa che. emanA pitAnuM nAma gAvaradhanarAma ane mAtAnuM nAma gaMgA mhena che. emane janma tA. mbara 1892 mAM geAMDala pAsa vIrapuramAM thayeA hateA. emaNe prAthamika zikSaNa sAta dhAraNa sudhI lIdheluM, pachI hAiskulamAMthI sana 1924-15 mA meTrIka thayalA. tyAra bAda jUnAgaDha kaeNlejamAM joDAyalA ane sana 1920 mAM bI. e, nI parIkSA sAhitya aicchika viSaya laIne pasAra karI hatI. ee atyAre zikSaka che. emanA priya viSaye sAhitya ane itihAsa che. gujarAtI sAhityamAM TuMkI vArtAnuM sAhitya chellAM vIsa pacIsa varSathI kheDAvA mAMDayuM che, ane temAMnA zarUAtanA ghaNAkharA prayatne anya bhASAomAMthI anuvAda mAtra hatA. svataMtra kRtie gaNIgAMThI najare paDatI. paNa e zAkhAmAM--dizAmAM-kAie navI bhAta ane pratibhA pADI hoya; ane eka kuzaLa ane svataMtra lekhaka tarIke nAmanA meLavI hAya te! tenuM mAna prathama, jeo 'dhumaketu'nA upanAmathI TuMkI vArtAo lakhe che, temane Te che. 'rAjamugaTa' 'pRthvIza' vagere lAMbI ane rAjakIya navalakathAe emaNe lakhelI che; paNa tenI vastusaMkalanA joie tevI saphaLa thayalI jaNAtI nathI tema tenA pAtrA paNa AkarSIka nivaDe eTalAM vikaselAM jaNAtAM nathI. paraMtu emanI kharI mahattA upara jaNAvyuM tema eka TukI vArtAnA lekhaka tarIke vadhu che; ane gujarAtI sAhityamAM emanuM 'taNakhA'nuM pustaka kAyamanuM sthAna leze. A uparAMta emaNe ekAMkI tema bhajavI zakAya evAM bALanATakA paNa lakhelAM che. navA sAhityakArAmAM tee! AgaLa paDatuM sthAna le che; ane emanA taraphathI haju vizeSa mUlyavAna ane tejastI sAhityakRtie ApaNane maLatI raheze, evI mAnyatA che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: rAjamugaTa pRthvIza taNakhA taNakhAmaMDaLa khIjuM paDavA ane jAte khAja jIvarAma jozI 12 mI Dise p sana 1924 sana 1925 sana 1926 sana 1928 suna 1928

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caturbhu ja mArkezvara bhaTTe caturbhuja mANukezvara bhaTTa emane janma sa. 1929 mAM thayA hatA. mAtAnuM nAma lilatAgavarI hatuM. jJAtie te udicya sahasra brAhmaNa che. mAtRpakSe zrI caturbhujanI mAtAnA pitA jAnI meAtIrAma jyotiSazAstramAM ane kamakAMDamAM nipUrNa hatA. emanA kuTuMba viSe nIce mujaba AkhyAyikA pracalita cheH mULarAja mahArAja sthApita rUdramALa pUrA karAvI siddharAje siddhapuramAM mahArUdra karAvyA, temAM audicya brAhmaNe adhvaryu hatA; temane siddhapuranI dakSiNanA gAme arpaNa karyuM!. temAMnA je mAMDalamAM vasyA te mAMDalIA rAvaLa kahevAyA. mAMDala uparAMta temAMnA keTalAka viramagAmamAM temaja iDaravADAnA gAmAmAM jai vasyA. A karmakAMDIe bhaTTanI aTakathI oLakhAyA. A mAMDalI rAvaLa kuTuMbanA AMkhebhaTa nAmanA puruSa bAraDeAlImAM AvI rahyA. zItaLA saptamIne divase mRtyu pAmI punaHvita thai vaMzavRddhi temaNe karelI evI AkhyAyikA cAlatI hovAthI haju paNa bAraDelInA mAMDalIA rAvaLanAM doDhasA dhara zILI sAtamane divase temanuM smaraNa kare che; eja kuTumbamAM aMbArAma bhaTTa thayA, je dhAra sTeTanA divAna thayA. te kuTuMbamAM kaleAbhaTa thayA, je IDara sTeTamAM prakhyAta thayA. zrI caturbhuCjanA pitA mANukezvarajI muMbAImAM meTA varAmAM rasAI karavA jatA ane rasadane saLeA samaya prasiddha kathAkAra jayakRSNa mahArAnI kathAmAM gALatA. temane traNa putrA hatA. A traNa putrAne ucheravA uparAMta kharcoLa jamAnAmAM keLavavA e temanI Arthika zakti bahAra hatuM. caturbhu jane temaNe muMbAi khelAvI aMgrejI bhaNavA besADayA; paNa kha bhAre thai paDayuM. jayakRSNa mahArAjanA zrotAbhakta suratI zeTha cunIlAla khAMDavALAe caturbhujane madada karavA mAMDI, ane pAchaLathI temanA putra OMA. tuLajArAma khAMDavALAnI saMpUrNa sahAyatAthI caturbhuje sana 1892mAM meTrAkanI parIkSA pAsa karI. pachI sana 1899 mAM hAIkA vakIlanI parIkSA pAsa karI. vidyArthI tarIke teo pakAyalA hatA. vargamAM temanuM sthAna uMcuM rahetuM; eTaluMja niha paNa bhaviSyanA vaktA ane lekhakanI jhAMkhI temane kizora vayamAMja karAvelI jaNAya che. amadAvAda mizana hAiskulanA prinsipAla mI. enDarasane lakheluM mArA vanA uttama vidyArthIomAM zrI caturbhu ja 51 66

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI eka che." vaktA tarIke te sArI chApa pADe che. meTIkamAM pAsa thayelA tyAre kavIzvara dalapatarAme lakheluM "tame tIvra buddhivALA che, mATe keLavaNuM pAmIne iDara rAjyamAM eka ratna nivaDaze." lo varganA prinsipAla mI. saMke lakheluM "I have the highest opinion about Mr. Bhatt's intelligence -mI. bhaTTanI buddhi I. bAbatamAM mAre abhiprAya uco che." te pachI IDaranA mahArAjAdhirAja sara kesarIsiMhajIe temane sTeTa munsaphanI jagA ApI hatI. sana 1901nA mArca mAsanA arasAmAM IDara sTeTe temanI nokarI cha mAsanI mudatane mATe nAmadAra aMgreja sarakArane uchInI ApI, tyAre temane amadAvAda rahevAne prasaMga prApta thayela. te rIcIDa para sva. DAhyAbhAi sekreTarInA makAna pAse zA. umedarAma kAlidAsanA makAnamAM te vakhate rahetA hatA. ahiM "gujarAtI paMca"nA adhipati ane mAlika zrIyuta semAlAla maMgaLadAsa zAha sAthe paDozamAM rahetA hovAthI mitratA thayalI. iDara sTeTanI daza varSanI nokarI daramiyAna teo sezansa jaDaja sudhInA hodde pahoMcelA ane kAryadakSatA mATe paMkAyelA. tyAra bAda sAta varSa temaNe mahikAMThA ejansImAM vakilAta karI. taMdurastI Adi kAraNa mATe kaMika nivRtti meLavavAnI salAha maLatAM teo mANasA sTeTanA divAna nimAyA. hAla chellAM traNa cAra varSathI teo dAMtA (bhavAnagaDha) rAjyanA mukhya divAnanA pade che. emanAM pustakonI yAdI igrejI bhaNIne zuM karavuM ? 1889 zuravIra rAyasiMha 1891 padmAkumArI vA Adhunika nATakono uddeza che dekhAya che te ze he joIe ? bALagIta strI gItA athavA vIjaLI gAmaDIyaNa 1984 [ gujarAtI paMcanI bheTa ] ratnagraMthI 1910 suvarNakumArI [ gujarAtI paMca'nI bheTa.] 1914 nirmaLA [ 1924 para

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candrazaMkara narmadAzaMkara paMDayA candrazaMkara narmadAzaMkara paMDayA, bI. e., ela ela. bI, eNDakeTa, hAIkoTa. eo naDiAdanA vatanI che ane jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. hemano janma naDiAdamAM vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa kuTumbamAM vi. saM. 1940 nA peka kRSNa 8 mI, I. sa. 1884 nA nyUnanI 16 mI ne, semavAre thayo hate. hemanuM kuTumba naDiyAdanI nAgarI nAtamAM eka pratichita ane zrImaMta kuTumba gaNAya che. hemanA dAdA maNizaMkara girijAzaMkara paMDayAnI tathA hemanA pitA narmadAzaMkara maNizaMkara paMDayAnI gAmamAM tathA nAtamAM sArI pratiSThA hatI ane teo bane anekane salAhanuM sthAna hatA. hemanAM mAtuzrI jatanalakSmI sAkSarazrI dolatarAma kRpArAma paMDayAnA zabdamAM "hAlanI vela" sama hatAM ane gAmamAzI tarIke sevAmaya jIvana gALatAM. rA. candrazaMkarane emanA pitA taraphathI vArasAmAM zANapaNa ane kAryakuzalatA maLyAM che te emanAM mAtA taraphathI hAlasoyo svabhAva ane sevAparAyaNatA maLyAM che. bALapaNathI ja teo jyAM jAya tyAM bhAta pADe evA pANIdAra hatA. teo navuM navuM jANavAmAM tema ramavAmAM bannemAM ekako hatA. tethI "phUlIyA jamAdAra" nAme oLakhAtA. hAnapaNamAM bahu tophAnI ane ramatIyALa hatA. gujarAtI tathA aMgrejI abhyAsa naDiAdamAM ja karyo hate. eo maeNTrikyulezana kalAsamAM suprasiddha zikSaNazAstrI zrIyuta kamalAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedInA priya paTTaziSya hatA temaja hemanA zikSako ane sahAdhyAyIone prema paNa saMpAdana karela. emanuM lagna I. sa. 1896mAM kAdaMbarInA anuvAdaka sAkSara zrI chaganalAla harilAla paMDayAnAM cha putrI zrImatI vasantabA sAthe thayuM hatuM. mAtalapakSamAM zrIyuta govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThI zrImatI vasantabAnA mAmA thAya. govardhanarAmabhAIe "sarasvatIcandra"nA tRtIya bhAgane arpaNa pitAnAM dvitIya bhaginI sau. samarthalakSmInI smRtine kareluM che. A saMgomAM Azcarya nathI ke zrImatI vasantabA saMskArI hoya. rA. candrazaMkarane ane zrImatI vasantabAne vivAha bane pitapotAnI mAtAnA udaramAM garbha rUpe hatAM tyAre tAtkAlIna paddhati pramANe thayuM hatuM. banne bALapaNathI 53

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. ekabIjA sAthe ramatAM ane tethI nahAnapaNathI ja ekabIjAmAM premabIja repAyelAM ane piSAyelAM. emanAmAM sAhityaprItinA aMkura bALapaNathI hatA. "buddhiprakAza"nI jUnI phAilo vAMcatAM vAMcatAM hemane teo aMgrejI bIjA dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre nibandha lakhavAnI prathama vRtti thayelI ane tethI pitAnA gAma naDiAdamAM tAbUtanuM saraghasa joI "tAbUta" viSe pahelo nibandha lakhyo hatA. teo aMgrejI pAMcamA dhoraNamAM hatA tyAre hemaNe nATaka lakhavA ne kavitAo racavA mAMDelI. hemanuM paheluM bhASaNa paNa teja arasAmAM "zrI naDiAda vaDanagarA nAgara yuvaka maMDala"mAM kareluM ane pitAnA vaktatvanI chaTAthI zAtAone cakita karI nAMkhelA. hAIskUlanA hemanA eka mukhapAThanuM zravaNa karIne sAkSara zrI kamalAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedIe prasanna thaIne bhaviSya bhAkheluM ke " candrazaMkara AgaLa jatAM jarUra mhoTA vaktA thaze." I. sa. 1898 mAM govardhanarAmabhAI hAIkeTanI vakIlAta choDI naDiAda rahevA AvyA tyArathI te hemanA nikaTa saMsargamAM AvatA thayA ane hemane te saMbadha I. sa. 1907nA jAnyuArImAM govardhanarAmabhAInA avasAna sudhI rahe. govardhanarAmabhAIne candrazaMkara upara atyaMta pakSapAta hato ane hemane ghaNuM kharuM pitAnI pAse ja rAkhatA ane sAtheja pheravatA. candrazaMkaranA AtmavikAsamAM govardhanarAmanuM arpaNa jevuM tevuM nathI. emanI sAttvika ucAbhilASitA ane vicAronI paripakavatA mahadaMze govardhanarAmabhAI sAthenA nikaTa saMsargane AbhArI che. zrIyuta govardhanarAma uparAMta zrIyuta manaHsukharAmanA nikaTa saMsargamAM paNa teo puSkaLa AvelA-khAsa karIne kolejanA arasAmAM vadhAre, hemanI asara paNa candrazaMkaranI manoracanAmAM ghaNuM thayelI. ekaMdare, candrazaMkara I. sa. 1900mAM maeNTrikyulezananI parIkSAmAM pahele prayAse pAsa thayA tyAM sudhImAM anekadezIya saMskArI jIvananAM bIja hemanAmAM ropAyelAM daSTigocara thavA mAMDayAM hatAM. ramatagamatamAM tema ja vivAdamaMDalomAM teo agresarapada bhogavatA-jema vargamAM abhyAsamAM bhegavatA tema. hemanuM kaoNleja-jIvana paNa ujavala ane saphala hatuM. teoe muMbAInI 54

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candrazaMkara narmadAzaMkara paMDayA elphinsTana kaoNleja tathA jUnAgaDhanI bahAuddIna kaeNAlejamAM abhyAsa karyAM hatA. jevI hemanI sajjanatAnI tevI ja huMmanI svataMtratAnI chApa hemanA prephesare ane sahAdhyAyIe upara teoe pADI hatI. maeNthemaeNTiksa vinA hemanA bhakta viSayeA pAkA hatA ane hemAM paNa humanuM aMgrejI ane saMskRtanuM jJAna khAsa sArUM gaNAtuM. kaeNlejamAM vhemanuM nimandhalekhana khAsa prazaMsApAtra gaNAtuM ane huMmAM tee UMce naMbare AvatA. krIkeTa, Tenisa, phUTola vagerene tema ja dezI ramatAne hemane khUba zekha hatA. teo nAtha kaiTa zIlDa"mAM pe!tAnI kAleja taraphathI ramatA. bI. e. mAM hemane aicchika viSaya nyAya ane tattvajJAna hatA. tee i. sa. 1906 mAM bI. e. mAM sekanDa kalAsamAM uMce naMbare pAsa thayA hatA. 66 ema. e. mAM kemisTrI lai pre. garanI TekanAkemikala lakheoreTarImAM abhyAsa karelA, parantu nAdurasta tabiyate hemane parIkSAmAM besavA dIdhelA niha. ema. e. te abhyAsa karate karate tee sAthe sAthe ela ela. bI. nI Tarmsa rAkhatA. i. sa. 1913mAM teo elaela. mo, thayA. emanA jIvanamAM te bI. e. thayA tyArathI homarUla lIganI caLavaLamAM atizrama yukta agresara bhAga jemA tAM damanI bImArInA kAyamI bhAga thai paDayA tyAM sudhInA samaya dasakA vadhAremAM vadhAre agatyanA che. I.sa. 1906 thI I.sa. 1937 nI sake hemAM I.sa. 1907 thI i.sa. 1913 sudhInA voMdha ne I.sa. 1914 thI i.sa. 1917 sudhIneA uttarAdha, hAiskUla ane kaeNlejamAM abhyAsa karate karate hemaNe je anekadezIya zaktie bIjarUpe darzAvelI te i,sa. 1907 thI i.sa. 1917 mAM sarvanuM lakSa kheMce ema prakaTa ane prazcita thai. teo siniyara bI. e. nA abhyAsa elphinsTana kaeNlejamAM 1905 mAM karatA hatA tyArathI hemaNe 'samAlecaka" traimAsikanuM taMtra potAnA hAthamAM lIdhuM hatuM. "sumana-saMcaya" nAmanI lekhamAlA tee. tanmaya'' upanAmathI lakhatA. te uparAMta caritrakA, nedhA, lekhe vagere lakhatA. te arasAmAM hemaNe kAvyo paNa racavA ne prakaTa karavA mAMDayAM hatAM. TrakAmAM, tee kAlejamAM hatA tyArathI ja bI. ge; to purve lekhaka tarIke ane vA tarIke krame krame pItA catA to 3] '!

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI bI. e. thayA pachI hemanA lekhe ane hemanAM kAvyo "samAlocaka" vasanta," "sundarI subodha" vagere te vakhatanAM ziSTa mAsikamAM tema ja "gujarAtI." prajAbaMdhu," "gujarAtI paMca," "sAMjavartamAna," "muMbAisamAcAra" "hindustAna" vagerenA khAsa aMkamAM prakaTa thatAM ane rasathI vaMcAtAM. temanA lekhonA vicAronI paripakavatA ane vyAvahArikatA jeTaluM lakSa kheMcatAM teTalI ja hemanI zailInI saMskAritA ane ejasvitA dhyAna kheMcatAM. teo mAtra lekhaka ane vaktA ja na hatA, paraMtu anekadezIya sArvajanika kAryakartA hatA. te dasa varSamAM evI sArvajanika pravRtti mahAgujarAtamAM bhAgye haze, jemAM teoe agra bhAga nahi lIdhe heya. koMgresamAM kharA, kaeNnpharansamAM kharA, pariSadamAM kharA, saMmelanomAM kharA, sabhAomAM kharA. teonI sAhitya bhakti jevI ucca bhUmikAnI ane jvalaMta che tevI ja hemanI rASTrabhakti che. I.sa. 1907 thI I.sa. 1917 sudhI muMbAImAM "dhI yuniana" ane "zrI gurjara sabhA" sthApI hemaNe gujarAtI yuvAnone ekatra karI taiyAra karavA mAMDyA hatA. gAMdhIjI padhAryA pUrve muMbAImAM ane gujarAtamAM "gurjarasabhA" eka prerakasaMsthA hatI ane henA mukhya saMyojaka candrazaMkara hatA. aneka dezIya pravRttioe, hemanAM patnInA ane temanA pitAnA maMdavADoe, candrazaMkarane potAnI zaktionA pramANamAM pustakonA sthAyI rUpamAM jhAjhuM lakhavA dIdhuM nathI. temanAM priya patnI sau. vasantabA I.sa. 1916 nA eMgasTamAM gujarI gayA. hemanI snehamaya sAravAramAM candrazaMkare pitAnA vakIlAtanA dhaMdhAno bhoga Apyo hate, pitAnI pravRttione bhoga Apyo hato, pitAnI taMdurastIne bhoga Apyo hato. pitAnAM priya patnInA akAla avasAne hemanA jIvanamAM je zUnyatA utpanna karI che te emanA jevA nehApajIvI AtmA mATe apUrAyelI ja raheze. I. sa. 1917 nA eprilamAM hemanA pUjya pitAjI svargastha thayA tethI paNa hemane tIvra hRdayAghAta thavA uparAMta hemanA upara gRhavyavahArane bhAra Avyo. i.sa. 1917 mAM homarUlanI caLavaLa prasaMganA - atizramathI hemane I.sa. 1918 nA jAnyuArIthI damanuM darda lAgu paDayuM che, jemAMthI chellAM bAra varSa thayAM teo TA thaI zakayA nathI. hemanA lAMbA ane azaktikAraka maMdavADe ane hemanI kauTumbika vipatti 56

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candrazaMkara narmadAzaMkara paMDayA oe hemane jIvanane cUMthI nAMkhyuM che ane tethI temane mATe rAkhavAmAM AvelI AzAo hajI siddha thaI zakI nathI. i.sa. 1914 mAM hemanAM TUMkAM TUMkAM ne mIThAM mIThAM kAvyono saMgraha yucita nAmathI "snehAMkara' rUpe prakaTa thayo. rA. candrazaMkaramAM dalapatarAmanI saralatA ane dalapatarAmanI pravAhitA che, kalApInI bhAvamayatA che. je teo vadhAre ane vAraMvAra lakhI zakatA hatA te hemanAM kAvyonI saralatA, pravAhitA, manoraMjakatA, hRdaya sparzazitA hemane te che hemanA karatAM vadhAre lokapriya banAvata. hAlamAM hemanAM pacIseka kAvyonI sundara ekAvali "kAvya kusumAMjali" nAme Ama maMDalamAM vaheMcAI hatI ane te aneka anukUla abhiprA mATe nimitta thaI hatI. jema "rA. candrazaMkara lekhaka tarIke vadhAre saphala ke vaktA tarIke e eka emanA saMbandhamAM vAraMvAra pUchAtA prazna che tema e paNa vAraMvAra pUchAte bIjo prazna che ke "teo kavi tarIke vadhAre saphala ke gadya lekhaka tarIke," evA prazna pUchAyAM ja karavAnA ane yathArUci enA javAba apAye javAnA. rA. candrazaMkare (1) nibandha, (2) vivecana, (3) caritra, (4) kathA e cAre pradezomAM gadyalekhana kareluM che, hemanI gadyazali anekaraMgI che. teone bhASA vazavartinI che. jema bhASaNamAM tema lekhanamAM teo prasaMga parIkSaka hoi prasaMga rakSaka che. jevo prasaMga tevuM bhASaNa; jevo prasaMga tevo lekha. zuM bolatAM ke zuM lakhatAM hemane khAsa taiyArI karavI paDatI nathI. hemanA sAmayika patromAM verAyalA gadya lekho ekatra thAya to te eka upayogI saMgraha thaI paDe. hAla to mAtra hemanI "pAMca premakathA" ane "paMDita gurudatta vidyArthInuM jIvanacaritra tathA hemanA lekha" pustakarUpe prakaTa thayela che. emanAM navA patnI zrImatI sudhAdevIe paNa emanI sAthe saMskArasahakAra karI lokasevA AdarI che. emanA graMthonI yAdI: nehAMkara sana 1915 pAMca premakathAo ba 1916 paMDita gurudatta vidyArthInuM jIvana caritra. , 1917 kAvya kusumAMjali 1930 pa7

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI cazakara amRtalAla buca, bI. e., eo sAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. mULa vatanI kaccha rAjyanA mundrA gAmanA, ane janma bhAdrapada vada trIja saM. 195ra nA roja muMbAimAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma amRtalAla jaTAzaMkara buca che. eoe muMbaI yunivarsiTInI bI. e. nI parIkSA sana 1918 mAM narsa sahita, bhASA (saMskRta) viSaya laIne bIjA vargamAM pasAra karI hatI; ane te pachI pAMca varSa sudhI seMTa jhevIara kaeNlejamAM temaNe saMskRta ane aMgrejInA adhyApaka tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. temaja muMbaInI zrImabhagavadgItA pAThazALAmAM traNa varSa zAstrI tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. atyAre teo siMdhiyA sTIma nevIgezana kaMpanInA karAMcI eNphIsanA menejara che. emane priya viSaya samAjazAstra che. sana 1920 mAM suratamAMthI "cetana' mAsika bahAra paDayuM hatuM, tenA pAchalA varSa mAM teo sahataMtrI hatA-prathama baTubhAI ane vijayarAya vagere maMDaLa sAthe ane pachI zrImatI jayasnA hena zukala sAthe. emanA chUTaka lekha ane nATikAo te pachI avAranavAra mAsikamAM AvatA rahI, te vicArapUrNa jaNAyAM che. vaLI "nAgarika nAmanuM eka trimAsika teo rA. DelararAya mAMkaDa sAthe karAMcIthI bahAra pADe che ane temAM paNa emanI vidvattA ane saMskAritAnI chApa dRSTigocara thAya che. hamaNuM bahAra paDelo emane rUdra, ziva ane liMga saMpradAya viSe nibaMdha, eo aitihAsika anveSaNamAM keTalA jhINuM ane uMDA utarelA che, ene sarasa khyAla Ape che ane eka maulika lekha tarIke abhyAsI vargamAM tene sAro satkAra thayelo, enA viSe prakaTa thayelA abhiprAya kahI Ape che. emane graMtha: rUdra, ziva ane liMga saMpradAya sane 1929

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ca'pakalAla lAlabhAI mahetAM ca'pakalAla lAlabhAi mahetA e suratanA vatanI ane jJAtie vAlmiki kAyastha che. emane janma tA. 3 thI sapTembara 1876 nA rAja suratamAM thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma lAlabhAi DAhyAbhAi mahetA ane mAtAnuM nAma rUkmiNI umedarAma dIvAnajI che. emaNe prAthamika keLavaNI muMbAimAM lIdhelI. IM grejInA abhyAsa suratamAM zarU kareleA. pachI vaDedarA hAiskulamAM dAkhala thayalA; ane bI. e. nI parIkSA vaDAdarA kAlejamAMthI sana 1895 mAM pAsa karelI. sana 1901 mAM elaela. bI. thayalA; ane sana 1904 mAM muMbAI sekreTarIe eriya'Tala TrAnsaleTaranI ApIsamAM dAkhala thayA hatA. teo atyAre e khAtAmAM sInIara gujarAtI TrAnsaleTaranA hAdA para che. emane priya viSaya itihAsa che ane nekarInA kAmamAMthI maLatA avakAza te itihAsanA pustakAnA vAcana ane te graMthAnA anuvAda karavAmAM vyatIta kare che. sana 1909 mAM emaNe sara AlphreDa lAyalakRta The Rise of British Dominion in India hindustAnamAM IMgrejI rAjyanA udaya e nAmathI anuvAda gu. va. sAsAyaTIne karI ApeleA. sana 1911 mAM 'briTiza riyAsata nAmanuM meTuM 800 pAnAnuM pustaka marAThImAMthI eja saMsthA mATe lakhI ApyuM hatuM. te pachI emaNe udAra matavA' ane 'saMrakSaNavAda' e be prasiddha IMgrejI pustakAnA tarajumA karyAM che temaja jayasavAlakRta IHindu Polity-hindu rAjya vyavasthA e nAmanuM pustaka taiyAra karI ApavAnuM kAMi svIkAreluM che. emanA graMtheAnI yAdI: hiMdustAnamAM IMgrejI rAjyanA udaya ""The Rise of British Dom inion in India" te anuvAda] briTiza riyAsata-pUrvAdha-[marADInA anuvAda] navIna jApAnanI utkrAMti. [Evolution of New Japan' ne anuvAda prAcIna hiMdustAnamAM sthAnika svarAjya sana 1909 sana 1911 sana 1921 sana 1924 ['Local Self Government in Ancient India'nuM bhAMSAMtara '5

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI cAMpazI viThThaladAsa uddezI ee kAThiyAvADamAM Avela goMDaLanA mULa vatanI; paNa atyAre lAMbA samayathI kalakattAmAM vase che. te jAte bhATIA che. emanA pitAnuM pUrUM nAma viThThaladAsa dAmeAdara udezI, ane temanI mAtAnuM nAma DAhIbDena trIkamajI ve che. emanA janma saM. 1948 nA caitra vada 12 ne rAja TaMkArAmAM thayA hatA. emaNe meTrIka sudhInA abhyAsa karyAM che. sana 1907 mAM 'suMdarI sukhAdhamAM prathama lekha lakhI meAkalelA, te pachI emanI kalamane pravAha satat cAlu rahyA che. chellAM nava varSathI 'navacetana' nAmanuM eka sacitra mAsika cheka kalakattAmAMthI kADhe che, te jema gujarAtI saMskRtine pagada"DA ane asara eTalA dUranA pradezamAM jIvaMta ane gatimAna rAkhavAmAM jevI muzkelIo che tevI tyAMthI eka gujarAtI mAsika calAvavAmAM rahelI che. AvI pratikULa paristhitimAM 'navacetana' jevuM eka moTuM, sacitra ane leAkeApayeAgI vAcana sAhitya pUrUM pADatuM mAsika, bhAre kharca veThI ane puSkaLa zrama laine nabhAvavuM, e khare eka sAhasa che; ane te badala tenA taMtrIne khacit abhinaMdana dhaTe che. vaLI vizeSa khuzI thavA jevuM e che ke tyAM kalakattAmAM temaNe gujarAtIonuM eka kendra sthApyuM che; jethI gujarAtI jIvana cetanavaMtu rahe ane tenI asara vistare. 'navacetana' nikaLyuM te pahelAM 'kavitA kalApa' ane 'keTalAka saMvAde,' e e prathA prakaTa karI temaNe eka sArA kavi ane lekhaka tarIke prasiddhi meLavI hatI. emanI navalakathAe 'jaMjIrane jhaNakAre' ane 'tAtI talvAra' madhyakAlIna bhAratanA rAjaputa jIvananI zauya ane premakathAnA prasaMge AlekhatI, vAcakavargamAM vakhaNAi che. prathama navalakathAnI traNa ane bIjInI e AvRtie nIkaLI cUkI che. A beu kRtie muMbainI kRSNa pIlma kaMpanIe citrapaTa para utArI che. emane kaLA prati khAsa AkarSINu che; ane 'navacetana' dvArA prajAmAM e zeAkha keLavavAnA ee stutya prayatna sevI rahyA che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: kavitA kalApa keTalAka saMvAdo jaMjIrane jhaNakAre tAtI talvAra 6 0 sana 1918 1919 ,, 29 , 1926 1929

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cimanalAla dAmodaradAsa tripAThI cimanalAla dAmeAdaradAsa tripAThI ('") teo amadAvAda pAse sarakhejanA vatanI che. jJAtie cAturvedI meDha brAhmaNa che. sarakhejanAM mAstara dAmeAdaradAsa raNacheADabhAi tripAThInA te vacalA putra che. temanAM mAtuzrInuM nAma rUkSmaNI dalasukharAma che. temane janma i. sa. 1887 mAM amadAvAda jillAnA dholerA gAmamAM jyAM temanA pitA gujarAtI zALAmAM heDamAstara hatA, ane temanAM mAtuzrI kanyAzALAmAM heDamisTresa hatAM, tyAM thayA hatA. temanAM mAtA pitAe peAtAnI nokarI daramiyAna ucca katavyaniSThA tathA bAheAzIthI apUrva khyAti prApta karI hatI ane temanA ucca guNA temanA traNe putrAmAM utarelA che. jagannAtha, sva mAstara dAmeAdadAsanA jyeSTha putra thAya, jee " dIvAne sAgara"nA karto tathA gujarAtI gajhalistAna"nA saMgrahakAra "sAgara" upa nAmathI gujarAtI sAhityamAM jANItA che; cimanalAla vacalA putra tathA maNibhAi kaniSTa putra che. i. sa. 1909 mAM muMbai yunivasiTinI prIvIasanI parIkSAmAM niSphaLa thayA pachI cimanalAle vidyA pratye ananya prIti chatAM "praNayacintA"ne lIdhe adhyayananA tyAga karele ane zikSaka tarIke jIvana zarU kareluM. hAla te naDIAdanI nyU iMgliza skUlamAM zikSaka che. emanA priya viSaye saMskRta ane gujarAtI sAhitya che. teoe eka kavi tarIke jANItA thayalA che, ane emane kAvyasaMgraha"hRdayakuMja" nAmathI i. sa. 1911 mAM prasiddha thayA che. temAM i. sa. 190pa thI 1909 sudhInAM kAvyAne samAveza thAya che. temanI kavitAmAM nIti ane sneha prati vizeSa ka rahe che, temaja divya zraddhA ane izvarabhaktinuM prAbalya jaNAya che. temaNe i. sa. 1905 mAM mAsikAmAM lekhe, kAvyA vagere lakhavAnuM zaru kareluM. emanA lekhA, kAvye, vagere buddhiprakAza," "sudarzana," sundarI sudha," ane 'jJAnasudhA"mAM avAranavAra prasiddha thatAM rahyAM che. emanI lekhanazailI saraLa ane ziSTa che. emaNe emanA nibandhAmAM carelA keTalAka muddAo vicAraNIya jaNAze. hRdaya ja" jevA bIjo eka saMgraha thai zake teTalAM temanAM kAvye chUTaka chUTaka prasiddha thayelAM che. emanA graMthaH 66 ' hRdayakuMja '' 61 i. sa. 1911

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI cunIlAla vardhamAna zAha - eo jJAte dazA zrImALI sthAnakavAsI jaina vaNika ane vaDhavANanA vatanI che. temane janma vaDhavANa zaheramAM tA. 2 jI me 1887 nA roja thayelo. pitAnuM nAma vardhamAna phulacaMda zAha ane mAtuzrInuM nAma nAthIbAi che. teo sane 1903 mAM meTrIka thayelA, te pachI tarata patrakAritva Journalism nA dhaMdhAmAM paDelA. chellAM 21 varSathI teo "prajAbaMdhu'nA upataMtrI che; ane eka javAbadAra ane kartavyaniSTha patrakAra tarIke temaNe sArI nAmanA prApta karelI che. khAsa karIne sadarahu patramAM gayAM daseka varSathI dara pakhavADIe sAhityanI carcA, "sAhitya priya" e saMjJA nIce lakhI, gujarAtI patrakAritvamAM eka navuM tattva dAkhala karavAne emane yaza ghaTe che. e sAhitya carcAmAMnA abhiprAya jema taTastha ane nyAyI tema gaMbhIra ane vicArazIla hoya che; ane te kAraNe te sAhitya rasikamAM vizeSa rasapUrvaka ane hesathI vaMcAya che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa anya patrakAro ane lekhakee e rItinuM anukaraNa karyuM che, te e kalamane mATe patranA prayojake khacita magarUrI levA jevuM che. "prajAbaMdhuM patranI sAmAnya khIlavaNamAM paNa temane hisso mahattvanuM che. eka patrakAranuM jIvana ati vyavasAyI, zramabharyuM ane doDadhAmanuM hoya che, tema chatAM eo hameza pitAnuM vAcana ane abhyAsa AgaLa vadhAratA rahelA che. vaLI vadhAre saMtoSakAraka e che ke je kAMI phAjala vakhata maLe tene niyamita rIte sadupayoga karIne teo emanI lekhana pravRtti TakAvI rAkhavA zaktimAna thayA che. nIce nedhelI emanA graMthenI sUci parathI joI zakAze ke gujarAtI sAhityamAM emano phALe, khAsa karIne aitihAsika vArtAomAM, hAsune. nathI tema avagaNAya ema nathI. te uparAMta temanI navalikAo, keTalIka navalakathAo ane nibaMdhe hajI pustakAkAre prakaTa thayA vinAnA rahyA che. emanA graMthonI yAdI: 3 aDhAramI sadInuM mahArASTra, sana 1910 mirAThI "ajaMkya tArA"ne AdhAre 2 kAzmIra ane kesarI sana 1908 hiMdI "kAzmIra patanane AdhAre) 9 gujarAtanI garjanA athavA hemAcAryanuM jIvanasUtra sana 1917 62

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4 dhArAnagarIne muMja cunIlAla vamAna zAha [marAThI-avicArAcA pariNAma'"ne AdhAre] cha pATaNanI paDatIneA prAraMbha [baMgALIne AdhAre 1 prameAdA athavA dilera dilArAma 6 sAmanAthanuM zivaliMga 12 vimaLA 13 latA ane lalitA bhA, 1 thI 5 14 sudharelI saMgItA 15 bhAgyacakranA mahAmaMtra 16 nokarInA umedavAra [hindI--"hIrAmA"ne AdhAre] 11 mAyAvI mastaka yAne sAhasanI pratimA bhA. 1 thI 3 sana 1923-24 [reneAlDajhanA Pope Joanne anuvAda] 10 mULarAja sola sana 1920 8 vasainA gherA [marAThI-vasacA veDhA"-ne AdhAre] sana 1916 5 siMdha upara svArI sana 1912 17 nyAyanA khUnamAM nIti! 18 vicitra premapakhiNI 19 cAMparAja hADA [nATaka] 20 kAmarU dezanI kuTIla kAminI sana 1911 sana 1915 sana 1907 27 savaSNu-pratimA [DiTekaTIva navalakathA] 28 sacitra pretAtma vidyA sana 1913 sana 1905 sana 1908 thI 1919 [Spiritualism nA traUAne AdhAre ] 63 sana 1911 sana 1914 sana 1915 ['mAyAvinI' kheMgALI parathI-DiTekaTIva navalakathA sana 1916 sana 1910 sana 1906 sana 1909 21 aMga jAgRti [marAThI parathI-nATaka] 22 kavya-kAmudI [mULa saMskRta paranuM vivecana 23 bhaktAmara maMtra mahAtmya [hiMdI parathI] 24 sukhAdhaka kathApacaka 25 navadaMpatIne zikhAmaNa [baMgALI yuvaka yuvatI'ne AdhAre ma. je. vyAsa sAthe] 26 pizAca-maMdira sana 1909 sana 1914 sana 1915 sana 1916 sana 1918 [nAlDajhanA 'Bronze statue' ne anuvAda] sana 1918-19 sana 1922 sana 1927

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI chaganalAla vidhArAma rAvaLa ee jJAtie audicya sahasra brAhmaNa che. luNAvADAnA vatanI, ane janma paNa tyAM phAgaNa suda 8 sa. 1915 nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma vidyArAma ane mAtAnuM nAma jhaveraAi che. sana 1881 mAM te che. rA. TreniMga phaeNAlejamAMthI trIjA varSamAM pAsa thaI, sarakArI keLavaNI khAtAmAM dAkhala thayelA, te sana 1915mAM pAMtrIsa varSanI nAkarI karyA pachI nivRtta thayelA. prAcIna sAhityanA saMzodhaka ane sagrahakAra tarIke te vadhAre jANItA che ane eka mahetAjI tarIke emanuM e kA vizeSa prazaMsApAtra che. A prakAranI zeAdha mATe temane vaDAdarA ane suratanI sAhitya pariSada seAnA ane rUpAnA meDala ApyA hatA. emaNe luNAvADA, jhaghaDIA, nAMdoda, cheTAudepura vagere bhAgAmAM, jyAM jyAM nAkarI aMge rahevAnuM thayeluM tyAM tyAMthI AsapAsa phrI junAM hastalikhita pustakA meLavyAM hatAM; ane sva. zeTha purUSAttama vizrAma mAvajI saMgrahasthAnane gujarAtI hastalikhita pustakasaMgraha che, te emaNe ja ekaThA karI ApyA hatA; vaLI temAMnA aprasiddha ane agatyanA kAvyagraMthAnA prakAzananuM kArya zeThanI sahAyatA vaDe emaNe AraMbhyuM hatuM, jenA pAMca graMtha " prAcIna kAvyasudhA " e nAmathI prasiddha thayalAM che ane khInna e bhAgA paikI prAcIna kAvyavinAda bhAga 1 le| Aditya mudraNAlayamAM chapAya che te khIjo bhAga chapAvavAnA bAkI che. A parathI e viSaya prati emane keTalA badhA anurAga ane ene abhyAsa che, tenI pratIti thaze. eka zikSaka sAmAnya rIte gAmaDAmAM vaida paNa thai zake che; e rIte e kSetramAM paNa emaNe sArUM nAna prApta kareluM che. jInAM pustakAmAMthI je vaidyakatra thA emane maLI AvelAM, tene sArAhAra karI, " vaidyavilAsa '' e nAmathI traNa-bhAge "gujarAtI" presa mAraphata emaNe bahAra pADelA che. khALagIta ane khALavArtA, e viSayeAmAM te| zikSake taiyAra rahevuMja joie ane te mATe emaNe taiyAra karI chapAveleA gujarAtanA rasakallAla ane bALavArtAonA saMgraha, ( ThaMDA paheAranI vAtA bhA. 1 leA ) zikSakavane temaja bALakAnA mAtipatAne khAsa upakAraka thai paDaze. 64

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chaganalAla vidyArAma rAvaLa evI ja rIte junA svaravibhAganA gujarAtI zabdane saMgraha karela te goMDaLa jJAnakeSamAM dAkhala karavA emaNe mokalI Apyo che. Ama emanI sAhitya sevA upayogI ane stutya che; ane eka zikSaka tarIke emane jeba Ape evI che. emanA graMthanI yAdI 1 (cokhavaTa) svacchatA [7 AvRttio thaI che] sana 1891 2 Rtu varNana kAvya 1986 3 jAvajInuM jIvana caritra [marAThI parathI] 1897 4 paMcaeNkiya caritra [vidhavidha hindI kAvyasaMgraha] 1898 5 sajajana te sajajana [marAThAne anuvAda] 1905 6 manunAM nItivacanaM bhA. 1 (marAThInuM bhASAMtara) 7 rAjapIpaLA sTeTanI bhUgoLavidyA 1910 8 vaidika vilAsa bhA. 1 1915 9 , , bhA. 2 1917 10 , , bhA. 3 1926 11 jIvahiMsA niSedha bhA. 1 (be AvRttio 1913 12 ), bhA. raje 1923 13 briTiza rAjya pahelAM gujarAtanI Arthika sthiti 14 kavi premAnaMdakata viSNusahastra nAma [kAvya] , 1920 15 vilAsinI athavA satyane jaya [marAThIne anuvAda] 16 prAcIna kAvya sudhA bhA. 1 1922 17 ) bhA. 2 1922 bhA. 3 1924 bhA. 4 1924 bhA. 5 1924 21 ThaMDA paheranI vAte bhA. 1 1925 22 bAdazAhI vakhatamAM kAjIonA insApha 23 gujarAtanA rasa kalola 1929 18 che 1928

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA jAte vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa, vatanI naDiyAdanA. emane janma. I. sa. 1859 mAM naDiyAdamAM thayo hate. emanAM mAtuzrInuM nAma benabA kirapAdatta paMDayA hatuM. emaNe gujarAtI tathA aMgrejI zikSaNa naDiyAdamAM ja lIdhuM hatuM, ane meTrIka pAsa thayA bAda ucI keLavaNI muMbaInI elTInsTana kaeNlejamAM lIdhI hatI. eoe I. sa. 1880 nA varSamAM bI. e. nI parIkSA sekanDa klAsamAM "enasa" sAthe pAsa karI hatI. te uparAMta itihAsanA viSayamAM uMcAmAM uMcA mArka meLavavAthI temane jemsa Telara prAIjha, tathA itihAsa ane arthazAstranA viSayomAM prathama sthAne AvavAthI iMglaMDana kaeNnDana kalaba maeNDala muMbaI yunIvarsITI taraphathI maLyAM hatAM. AvI rIte elaphansTana kaoNlejamAMthI teo ucca pade uttIrNa thayelA hovAthI temane te kolejamAM enararI dakSiNa phela nImavAmAM AvyA hatA. . kaeNlejamAM emanA sahAdhyAyIomAM prophesara narasiMharAva bheLAnAtha divATIA, ( hAla divAna bahAdura) kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva, svargastha maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedI, tathA sva. rA. ba.kamaLAzaMkara prANazaMkara trivedI vi. vikhyAta purUSa hatA. emanuM prathama lagna svargathe govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThInAM nAnAM bena sau. samartha lakSmI joDe i. sa. 1872 mAM thayuM hatuM. emanA jyeSTha putra che. kAntilAla paMDayA. (ema. e., pI. eca. DI, laMDana, vi.) eka gujarAtI sAkara ane vijJAna zAstranA uMDA abhyAsI tarIke suprasiddha che. emanI putrI sau. vasaMtabAnuM lagna vikhyAta vaktA ane vidvAna caMdrazaMkara narmadAzaMkara paMDayA, bI. e., ela. ela. bI, eDavokeTa, joDe thayuM hatuM, paraMtu teo nAnI vaye I. sa. 1916 mAM mRtyu pAmyAM che. kolejamAMthI chuTA thayA bAda teo rAjakeTa, bhAvanagara tathA amadAvAda hAIskUlamAM kramasara zikSaka nImAyA hatA. te prasaMge temane hAlanA mAnavaMtA sara prabhAzaMkara paTTaNI, sara manubhAI (mAjI dIvAna, vaDodarA,) tathA hAlanA divAna bahAdura kRSNalAla mehanalAla jhaverI vigerene zikSaNa ApavAnuM mAna maLyuM hatuM.

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chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA . sa. 1885 mAM teo muMbaInI myunIsIpala gujarAtI zALAenA DepyuTI ejyukezanala inspekaTara nImAyA hatA. tyAMthI I. sa. 1887 mAM temanI nokarI brITIza sarakAre saMsthAna junAgaDhane uchInI ApI hatI ane te rAjyamAM teo (hAla svargastha) desAI haridAsa vihArIdAsa, divAna sAhebanI ophIsanA suparinTenaDenTa nImAyA hatA. te kAma uparAMta rAjyanAM aneka khAtAnAM kAmo temane vakhatevakhata seMpAtAM hatAM, chatAM temaNe pramANikapaNe ane ekaniSThAthI eja ophIsamAM uttarottara ghaNuM divAna sAhebanA hAtha nIce nokarI karIne sarvano saMtoSa meLavyo hate. keTalIka vAra temane ekiMTaga divAna tarIke kAma karavAno paNa avasara prApta thayo hato. be traNa varSa teo muMbaI yunIvasaTInI skUla phAinala tathA meTTIkyulezananI parIkSAmAM "gujarAtI"nA viSayamAM parIkSaka paNa nImAyA hatA. te uparAMta temaNe junAgaDhanA khu. navAbasAheba sara rasulakhAnajInI paNa sevA kharA dIlathI karIne temano saMpUrNa vizvAsa saMpAdana karyo hato. navAba sAhebane IMgleMDa javAnuM TharatAM temanI gerahAjarImAM divAnapada svIkAravAnuM temane teozrIe AgrahapUrvaka kaheluM chatAM chaganalAlabhAie temanI sahaja namratAthI te padane vivekapura sara asvIkAra karyo hato. I. sa. 1910 mAM teo nAmadArano akAla svargavAsa thavAthI jAnAgaDhamAM brITIza eDamInIsTrezananI sthApanA thaI tyAre paNa chaganalAlane eDamInIsTreTara mi. reDole tathA temanA pachI mi. robarTasane ghaNI khamadArI bharelI nokarI soMpIne potAne vizvAsa pratIta karyo hato. te eTale sudhI ke I. sa. 1914 mAM teo brITIza sarvasamAMthI paMcAvana varSanI vaye penzana para nivRtta thayA te chatAM eDamInIsTreTara sAhebe temanI nokarI junAgaDha sTeTamAM cAlu rAkhI hatI ne temane keLavaNI khAtAnA uparI adhikArI nImyA hatA. A pramANe daza varSa eDamInIsTrezana cAlyuM te daramyAna temaNe vividha khAtAnA uparI amaladAra tarIke kAma karIne sarvanI prIti saMpAdana karI hatI, ane gujarAtI zikSakonA pagAranA uMcA greDa bAMdhIne temaja gujarAtI zALAo sAthe IgrejI varga, bALaka tathA bAlikAo mATe joDIne keLavaNInI pragatimAM saMgIna vadhAro karyo hate. I. sa. 1920 mAM hAlanA nAmadAra navAba sAheba zrI mahAbata khAnajI rAjyAsane ArUDha thayA tyAre teozrIe temanI dIrdhakALanI

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI satASakAraka nekarInI kadara karIne temane rAjakATa khAte kAThIAvADanA ejaMTa Tu dhI gavar sAhebatI pAse potAnA pratinidhi tarIke rU 500) nA pagArathI nImyA hatA. te hAphA upara teo cAra varSI rahyA te daramyAna temaNe me. mekAneATana sAheba-(ejaMTa gavar)nI prIti saMpAdana karI hatI ane temane AMkhanI IjA dekhAvA mAMDayAthI i. sa. 1924 mAM teee junAgaDha sTeTanI nekarImAMthI nivRtti meLavI hatI. temanuM khIjuM lagna muMbaInA supratiSThita sAkSara-svastha jhaverIlAla umiyAza'kara yAjJikanAM pautrI sau. ni`LalakSmI teDe I. sa. 1896 mAM thayuM hatuM. saskRta mahAkavi zrImad bANubhaTTa viracita kAdambarI nAme kaThina paNa ati rasika kathAnuM gujarAtI bhASAntara temaNe i. sa. 1882 mAM prathama prasiddha karyuM tyArathI tenI eTalI prazaMsA thavA lAgI ke uttarAttara tenI vividha AvRttiyeA prasiddha thavA pAmI. hajI paNa e graMtha muMbaInI yunIvarsITIe TeksTa buka tarIke pasaMda kareleA che ane kaeNlejanA vidyArthIene te ati upayogI thaI paDele che tethI eka uttama graMtha rUpe te gurjara prajAne AdaraNIya thai paDele che, ane tenA uparathI kavizrI lacaMdabhAie mahAzvetA-kAdambarInuM ati manera nATaka racIne tenI khyAtimAM vadhAre karyo che. i. sa. 1928 mAM naDiyAda mukAme gujarAtI sAhitya pariSanI navamI beThaka bharAI hatI te prasaMge emane svAgatamaDaLanA adhyakSanuM sthAna ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. nivRtti samayamAM tee sAhityanA vAcana tathA lekhanamAM AnaMda le che, ane gujarAtI vAcakonA mhoTA samudAyane temaja bALavargane rUcikara thai paDe evI, dha-nItine medha ApanArI vividha AkhyAyikAe vigere aneka mAsikAmAM vAravAra prakaTa karIne sAhityanI unnati prati peAtAnA prema hajI paNa darzAve jAya che te temanI uttarAvasthAmAM hu satASadAyaka che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH 1. kAdambarI-saTIka-gu. bhA, 2. krAisTanuM anukaraNa, pu. 1-2 (anuvAda) e I. sa. 1882 I. sa. 1915

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chaganalAla harilAla paMDayA 3. sacitra gujarAtI mULAkSaranAM pAnAMnI peTIo-- bALakane AnaMda sAthe bedha ApanArI - I. sa. 1916 4. eka apUrva lagna (navalakathA) IgrejI uparathI sucita I. sa. 1916 . 5. mane raMjaka vArtAvali-bhAga 1-2 | ( bhinna bhinna lekhone saMgraha) I. sa. 1918) 6. beTane upadeza (bhASAntara) nAmadAra gAyakavADa sarakAranA keLavaNu khAtAe prasiddha karelI graMthamALAnA maNakA rUpe I. sa. 1918 7. vizuddha sneha (navalakathA) aMgrejI uparathI sUcita I. sa. 1919 8. bAla-kAdambarI (vidyArthIo mATe) I. sa. 1919 9, saMkSipta kAdambarI ane vAsavadattA I. sa. 1925

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. choTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTa emane janma mahemadAvAdamAM I. sa. 1850 mAM thayo hato; jo ke temanuM vatana alIMdrAmAM (tAluke mAtara) che. temanA pitAnA sAdhane saMkucita hovAthI nAnapaNamAM keLavaNI pitAnA mosALamAM-mahemadAvAdamAM lIdhI hatI. gujarAtI abhyAsa pUrNa karI zikSakanI nokarI lIdhelI. temaNe thoDe ghaNe aMgrejI abhyAsa paNa karyo che. suratanI TreniMga skulamAM pAsa thaI, bharUca chalAmAM nokarI lIdhI. te vakhate koI vidvAnano samAgama thavAthI saMskRta vyAkaraNa, kAvya, vaidyaka ane purANone abhyAsa temaNe karI lIdhuM. bacapaNathI ja temane kavitA karavAne zekha hatA ane tene lIdhe temane te samayamAM kavi gaNapatarAma rAjArAma bhaTTa sAthe maitrI thaI hatI. temaNe eka zAstrInI pAsethI taka saMgrahAdi tathA nATaka, caMpu vagere granthane abhyAsa karyo hato. A vakhatathI temaNe saMskRta kavitAo lakhavA mAMDelI. sAthe sAthe potAno zikSaka dharma paNa yathArtha bajAvatA hatA. eka bhIkha mAgavA AvatA phakIra pAsethI thoDe udune abhyAsa karyo. prathama temaNe saMvata, 1934 mAM "svadeza vatsala'mAM lekha lakhavAnI zarUAta karI. tyAra pachI temaNe paheluM pustaka "kAmakaTAkSa" lakhyuM. temane bharUcavALA advaitAnaMda svAmInI pAsethI vedAntanA grantha vAMcavAno sAro lAbha maLelo. gAyakavADI rAjyamAM temaNe keTalIka mudata saMskRta zikSaka ane heDamAstaranI nokarI karI che. hAlamAM teo penzanara thayA che; ane pitAnuM zAnta jIvana vedAnta manana ane lekhanamAM vaDodarAmAM gALe che. "keLavaNuM' nAmanA mAsikanA teo adhipati hatA; ane atyAre paNa vedAntanAM je je pustaka pite vAMce che, temanA upara sarala TIkA lakhatA jAya che. hAla temane cAra putro che. prAcIna kAvyamALAmAM prasiddha thayelAM pustakanI TIkA lakhavA uparAMta temaNe lakhelAM granthane kaMika khyAla, emanA eka ziSya dayAzaMkara ravizaMkare lakhelA nIcenA chappA parathI maLI Ave che. cha peya, svataMtra grantha aDhAra racyA rasabhAva bharelA, vividha viSayamaya vizada kalpanA yukta karelA, bahu varSo lagI rahyA traNa mAsikanA svAmI, be hajhAra lagI lekha lakhyA nahIM jemAM khAmI, (9

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choTAlAla narabherAma bhaTTa -=- = = = = * = = vaLI gahana trIza grantha taNuM bhASAtara uttama karyuM; vaya vItyuM A vidvAnanuM vidyAvyasana viSe naryuM. emanA graMthonI yAdI 1 rasazAstra. 23 (rASTra kathAmALA) irAna. 2 vRtta nirapaNa. 24 aSTAMgahRdaya-vAglaTa. 3 zAti sudhA. 25 vidyajIvana. 4 kAmakaTAkSa. 26 hitopadeza. vaidyaka) . 5 brahmarAkSasa. 27 vaidhavallabha ane cikitsAMjana. 6 citrapuranA camatkAra. 7 vahema khaMDana. 28 hArIta saMhitA. 8 vidyArthIonI sAMsArika tathA 29 vyavahAra mayUkha. | nIti viSamaka sthiti. 30 ziva kavaca. 9 zetaraMjanI gammata. 31 ziva gItA. 10 vAjIkaraNa kalpadruma. 3ra siddhAMta darzana. 11 snAnavidhi. 33 vaiyAsika nyAyamALA.. 12 brAhmaNa nityakarma. 34 AtmapurANa sArAnukrama. 13 saMskRta prathama pustaka. 35 svAnubhavAdarza *14 malayasuMdarI nATikA. 36 vicArasAgara. *15 traNa mUarviAM saMkSiAvRtti - 37 yogaratna. (Reta.) 38 camatkAra ciMtAmaNi. *18 zrImadbhagavadgItopadezo 39 bahatsaMhitA-dazAdhyAya. vAmi: (raha.) 40 zaMkara digvijaya-sAta sarga. 17 zrImad bhagavadgItopadezanuM 41 priyadarzikA nATikA. gujarAtI. 10 pAribhASika zabdakoza. 42 draSTAnta zataka. bhASAMtara 43 zALopayogI bhagavadgItA. 44 paMcataMtra-mitrabheda. 19 mArkaMDeya purANa 20 DaMka mAhAsya. 45 jJAnadIpa. 21 mahAbhArata-zAntiparva. *46 sArasvata. 22 vAlmikI rAmAyaNamAMthI- 47 caMDa kauzika. kikiMdhAkAMDa, yuddhakAMDa, uttarakAMDa. 248 paMcadazI. * aprakaTa pustako che.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI janmazakara mahAzaMkara muca (urphe lalita) teo jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. temanA janma I. sa. 1877 mAM tA. 30 jUne (saMvata 1933 nA bIjA jeTha vada 5 ne zanivAre) junAgaDhamAM thayA hatA. mAtAnuM nAma sAka gaurI hatuM. temaNe saMgIta pAyeluM ne pitAjIe sAhityanAM aMjana AMjelAM. gAMDaLa sTeTamAM saMgrAmajI hAiskulamAM prathama sane 1903 mAM karI lIdhelI; te pachI sane 1908 thI 1910 sudhI rAjakATanA te vakhatanA aMgrejI dainika kAThiyAvADa TAImsanuM taMtrIpada lIdheluM ane te sAthe ejaMsInI sanadathI adAlateAmAM bhASAMtara karI ApavAnuM kAryAM paNa teo karatA. prathama caMdra' mAsikamAM kavitA lakhI meAkalavAnuM sane 1895 thI zarU kareluM; jo ke prathama kavitAnA chuvArA sane 1893 mAM chuTelA ane te pachI ghaNAMkharAM gujarAtI mAsike! ane vartamAna patrAmAM emanI svadezabhakti, lagnasneha, bAlabhAva, prabhunI premabhakti, jIvana sAMdhya vagere aneka viSayA saMbaMdhI kavitA avAranavAra AvatI rahe che. emanA kAvyasaMgraho vaDAdarAne vaDale" ane "lalitanAM kAvyeA' e nAmathI chapAyalA che; paNa te pachI emanI racelI chUTaka prasiddha tathA aprasid kavitA ghaNI maLI Avaze. asahakAranI hilacAla vakhate temaNe muMbAInA rASTrIya mahAvidyAlayamAM gujarAtI bhASA sAhityanA adhyApakanuM kArya sane 1921 thI 1925 sudhI kareluM ane te pahelAM keTalAMka varSo sudhI vaDedarA rAjyamAM lAyabrerI khAtAmAM temane leAkeApadeza tarIke sane 1913 thI 1920 sudhI rAkavAmAM AvyA hatA. emanA mRdu ane snehALa svAbhAvathI ane emanA mAya bhA sAhityarasika kItanA-kAvya saMgItathI anekanAM mana harI letAja niha paNa jIvana rasabharyA pAchA karI detA te jaNAze. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH gIta saMgIta-sItA vanavAsa lalitanAM kAvyeA. vaDAdarAne vaDale. 72 1903 1912 1914

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janArdana nhAnAbhAI prabhAskara. ee jAte audicya sahasra brAhmaNa che. emanuM mULa vatana kAThi yAvADamAM prabhAsapATaNa che; paratu emane janma surata jIllAmAM valasADa tAluke uMDAcamAM tA. 8 mI juna 1891 nA rAja thayA hatA. teo hamaNAM tyAMja vase che. emanA pitAnuM nAma nhAnAbhAi viSNurAma prabhAskara ane mAtAnuM nAma zrImatI gaMgAbAI che. janmazaMkara mahAza kara muca emaNe IMgrejI abhyAsa karelA che; te bhASAnuM jJAna kaeNAlejamAM lIdhuM nathI chatAM IMgrejInuM vAcana vizALa che; temaja, marAThInuM sArUM jJAna dharAve che. mukhya vyavasAya khetI che. emanA abhyAsanA priya viSaye kavitA ane sAhitya graMtha che. gujarAtI kaviomAM eka rAsa lekhaka tarIke emaNe kIti meLavelI che. temAMya emanA rAsanuM padyalAlitya ane vANInI mRdutA rUcikara thaI vizeSa dhyAna kheMce che. emanA rAsanAM be pustakA "vihAriNI'' ane "zadinI" vAcakavarga mAM leAkapriya nivaDayAM che ane trIjAM mandAkinI Treka vakhatamAMja pragaTa thanAra che. vaLI "pratApa"mAM AvatA emanAM sAhitya patra ApaNA sAhityanI pravRttimAM rasa lenArAone vAMcavA jevA hAya che. teo hamaNAMja navI sthapAyalI valasADa sAhitya sabhAnA upa-pramukha che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH 10 vihAriNI zaniI mandAkinI OM i. sa. 1926 1928 1930 29 p

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI jayendrarAya bhagavAnalAla rakAbI jJAtie teo vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emane janma kheDA jIllAmAM ThAsarA gAme tA. 1lI sapTembara 1881 ne roja thayo hato. emanuM vatana sthAna amadAvAda che. zarUAtano prAthamika abhyAsa kAThiyAvADamAM geMDaLamAM karelo; pachIthI mAdhyamika keLavaNu vaDedarA hAiskulamAM lIdhelI; ane uMcI keLavaNuM vacamAM eka varSa bahAuddIna kaeNleja sivAya gujarAta kaeNlejamAM; jyAMthI sana 1906 mAM bI. e; nI parIkSA pAsa karelI. sana 1910 mAM ema. e; thayelA; ane sane 1908nA varSamAM nArAyaNa paramAnaMda yunivarasiTI nibaMdha InAma meLaveluM. Ama abhyAsa pUro thatAM, kalakattAmAM gujarAtIonI a varnAkayulara hAIskUlanA heDamAstara tarIke nimAyelA. ahi paNa emanI sAhitya pravRtti cAlu hatI. The ReviewdhI rivyu-nAmanuM eka aMgrejI mAsika sana 1912 mAM aMgrejI rivyu oNpha rivyujha-Review of ReviewsnI Dhabe kADheluM. bI. e. thayA pachI temanAM IgrejI lakhANo paNa bombe gejhITa ane TAimsa opha inDiyAmAM avAranavAra AvatAM. sana 1915mAM emanAM mAtuzrI gaM. sva. kasaba, jeo bahu saMskArI ane dharmaniSTha bAI che, jemano vedAMtane abhyAsa ane vakatRtva uMcI zreNanAM che, emanAM kAvyone saMgraha "harirasa gIta" nAmathI UpaghAta sahita emaNe prasiddha karyo hato. kalakattAthI teone amadAvAda sana 1916 mAM pAchA. AvavAnuM thayuMahi teo dharmika pravRttimAM guMthayA. paNa sana 1920 mAM maganalAla ThAMka - sa kaeNleja surata-mAM gujarAtI ane aMgrejInA ayA ka lage para mAta te che che tyAMja che; ane suratanI sAhitya ane dharmaviSayaka pravRttimAM sArA bhAga le che. sana 1927mAM emanA chuTaka lekhono saMgraha "the DAMka chuTAM phUla" nAmathI prakaTa thayelo ane e phulanI pherama AlhAdaka nivaDelI. te pachI sana 1928mAM "jharaNAM-TADhAM ane UhA" e nAmane emanI kavitAone saMgraha bahAra paDayo, ane hamaNAM sana 1929 mAM "piyaNAM" nAmanuM jUdA judA viSenuM ramujI ane haLavI zilImAM, chatAM gaMbhIra ane tAtvika vicAre ramatiyALa tathApi mAmika rIte carcatA nibaMdhonuM pustaka chapAyuM che. temane banArasanA bhArata dharma mahAmaMDaLa taraphathI dharma vinodInI 74

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jayendrarAya bhagavAnalAla dUrakALa ane jagannAtha purInA zrI za`karAcArya taraphathI vidyAvAridhi'nI pRthvI maLelI che. A sivAka vakhateAvakhata gujarAtI temaja IMgrejImAM lekhe teo lakhatA rahe che. sAhitya, keLavaNI ane dharmanA viSayAmAM teo pravRtta rahe che; ane jIvananuM samagra darzana e emanA adhyayananA priya viSaya che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: 1 thADAMka chuTAM phUla. 2 jharaNAM TADhAM maiM UnhAM. 3 dharmanI bhUmikA. 4 Indian Education. 5 pAyAM. 75 i. sa. i. sa. ma. sa. I. sa. i. sa. 1927 1928 1928 1928 1929

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. jyAtIndra hariharIkara che. ee jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa ane suratanA vatanI che. emanA janma sana 1901nA ATAbaramAM suratamAM thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma hariharazaMkara bhAnuzaMkara dave ane mAtAnuM nAma dhanavidyAgaurI che. meTrIkyulezananI parIkSA sana 1919mAM pAsa karyAM pachI teo suratanI ema. TI. bI. ArTasa kaoNlejamAM joDAyalA ane sana 1923 mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA bIjA vamAM saMskRta ane gujarAtI aicchika viSaya lane pAsa karI hatI. tyAra bAda surata kAlejamAM ee eka varSa mATe phelA nImAyA hatA. ema. e. sana 1925mAM saMskRta ane gujarAtI aicchika viSaya laine thayA hatA. 66 99 66 abhyAsa pUrA karyAM pachI sana 1921 thI vamAnapatrA ane mAsikAmAM lekha lakhavAnuM temaNe zarU karyuM. emane prathama lekha lATarInuM pariNAma " nAmaka surata kAleja megejhina ''mAM chapAyA hatA. emanA prakINuM` lekhA sArI saMkhyAmAM maLI Avaze. temaNe 'viSapAna' nAmaka nATaka paNa lakheluM che. Benjamin Kidd nA Social Evolution nAmaka pustakanA anuvAda (sAmAjika utkrAnti) emanI tathA rA. prasannavadana dIkSita pAse taiyAra karAvI vaDAdarA sarakAranI bhASAMtara kacerIe i. sa. 1930 mAM prasiddha karyo che. atyAre teo sAhitya saMsad taraphathI ceAAyalA gujarAtI sAhityane itihAsa taiyAra karI rahyA che temaja jANItA gujarAta" mAsikanA upataMtrI hAI, te kAya pAchaLa peAtAne samaya Ape che. haLavA--light-sAhityamAM eka prakAranI ziSTatA temaja viJAda ANavAnAM emanA prayatne stutya che. meTrIkyulezananI parIkSAmAM gujarAtInA chellAM traNa varSathI teo parIkSaka nimAya che. emanA priya abhyAsane viSaya sAhitya che. emanA graMthaH sAmAjika utkrAnti 76 sana 1930

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vanalAla amarazI mahata jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA kr "E ee jJAtie dazAzrImALI vANI; sthAnakavAsA jaina che, emanA pitAnuM AkhuM nAma amarazI sAmajI ane mAtAnuM nAma kasturabAi che. emaneA janma DAdarA rAjyanA amarelI prAMtamAM calALA gAme saMvat 1939 mAM thaye te!. prAthathika zikSaNa cha dheAraNanuM maLeluM ane te pachI eka varSa vaDeAdarA TreniMga kaoNlejamAM abhyAsa karyo. tevAmAM mAtra seALa varSanI nAnI vayamAM patAnuM maraNa thatAM vidyAbhyAsa cheDI skulamAM mAsika . 5) bAbAzAinI JAkarI levI paDI. traNeka varasa nizALanI nAkarI karyo pachI vaDAdarAmAM prasiddha thatA - dezabhakta ' patramAM sabaeDITara tarIke joDAyA hatA ane sana 1899 mAM temaNe " dharmane jaya" e nAmanuM vArtAnuM paheluM pustaka lakhyuM hatuM, je vaDAdarAmAMthI prasiddha thatA dezabhakta patranA grAhakAne bheTa apAyuM hatuM. te pachI teo I. sa. 1906 nI sAlamAM gu. va. seAsAiTImAM kalArka tarIke dAkhala thayA hatA ane emanI jAta haiAMziyArI ane kAyelIatathI sAsATInA kArya vAkAne vizvAsa soMpAdana karI, Asi sekreTarInI jagA sudhI pahoMcya! hatA. sana 1911 mAM sAsATImAMthI chUTa thayA pachI, je dhaMdhA mATe peAtAne prathamathI abhirUci hatI ane se sAITIma dasa varSa rahIne je lAInanA anubhava meLavye te te pustakaprakAzananuM kArya hAtha dharyuM; ane temAM temane asAdhAraNa saMLatA maLelI che, ema emanI " jJAnavardhaka graMthamALA ''nAM graMthe saMca bIA. gurjara vidvAneAnAM prakAzane ke jenI saMkhyA . esa . uparAMtanI thavA jAya che. te uparathI jonAra jarUrI kaheze. keTalAka lekhAne temaNe prathama prakAzamAM ANyA che. tee jANItuM " strIedha " mAsikapatra zrIyuta kezavaprasAda tathA putaLA kAbarAjIna! taMtrIpada heThaLa calAve che, ane te va atyAre ATaluM lokapriya thayuM che temaja navarA pAnAMnuM ahe. vAcana, traNa rupiyAna! vArSika lavAjamamAM bheTana! purataka sAthe grAhakane Ape che. A emanI kAryadakSata ane karakasarabharyAM hivaTanuM ja pariNAma che. ema kahela joie. vaDedara natha! amadAvAdamAM chApakhAnAnA menejara ( vyavasthApaka tarIke paNa kAma kareluM che temaja "jJAnasudhA' mAsika patra paNa keTalAMka varSa temaNe calAvyuM HH jJAnasudhA, che. " buddhiprakAza, mAsikaimAM chuTAchavAyA lekhe! lakhatA vaimyapatrikA '' vagere e sivAya eka gujarAtI ' ', Apa ve. s

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI pustaka prakAzaka tathA bukaselaranI peDhI tarIke paNa emanuM kAmakAja amadAvAdamAM bahoLuM cAle che; ane hamaNAM temaNe muMbaImAM eka zAkhA kholI che. i. sa. 1930 thI temaNe bALake mATe "bALa pustakamALA " nI yojanA hAtha dharI che. emanAM pustakonI yAdI 1 dharmane jaya (anuvAda). che. sa. 1899 2 vikRta buddhine vivAha (anuvAda) 3 marAThI riyAsata, bhAga 1-2 sa. 1924-26 4 zrI kRSNajIvana (anuvAda). sa. 1911 pa satyabhAmA ( , nATaka ) sa. 1916 6 gopAlakRSNa gokhale (anuvAda) sa. 1915 7 vepArapayogI pAThamALA sa, 1914 8 gujarAtI zabdArtha citAmaNI (keSa) sa. 1926 9 jIvanacaritra (InAmI nibaMdha) svataMtra lekhaH (vasana) sa. 1908 78

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DaoN. sara jIvanajI jamazedajI medI DI. sara jIvanajI jamazedajI mAdI, zamsa ulaulma, bI. e., pI. eca. DI, sI. AI. i. ee mULa navasArInA vatanI; paNa ghaNA varSothI muMbaimAM AvI vaselA che. emanA pitAnuM nAma jamazedajI jIvanajI meAdI ane mAtAnuM nAma AvAMbAi, te rUstamajI pharAmajI mAdananA meTI che. emane janma sana 1854 mAM muMbAimAM thayA hatA. prAthamika keLavaNI emaNe kAlAmAnI zeTha jIjIbhAI dAdAbhAi skulamAM ane mAdhyamika iMgrejI keLavaNI phATanI brAnca skulamAM ane elphInsTana hAIskulamAM lIdhI hatI. sana 1871 mAM meTrIka thayA pachI elphInsTana kaeNlejamAM teo gayalA, jyAMthI bI. e. nI parIkSA (ka) tavArIkha (kha) polITIkala zaMkAnemI ane (ga) kemIsTrI phrijhasa aicchika viSaya laine sana 1876 mAM pAsa karI hatI. emanA priya viSaye zarUAtamAM vAyucakra ane kudaratI bAbatenuM jJAna ane pAchaLathI pUbhaNInuM sAhitya, purANI bAbate (antiquities), manuSya jAtinA AcAra vicAra ane rAharama (authropology) ane jaratheAstI dharma vagere che; ane e samAM emaNe sArI pratiSThA ane mAna prApta karelAM che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa e viSayeA paratAM emanAM lakhANa ane abhiprAya pramANabhUta lekhAya che, teo lAMbA samayathI pArasI paMcAyatanA sekreTarInA hAddA para che. tenuM kAmakAja emaNe eTalI kAbelIyata ane kAryadakSatAthI kareluM che ke temanA prayAsanA pariNAme e saMsthA aDhaLaka milkatavALI thayelI che; ane emanI e kimatI se.nI tArIka, hamaNAMja tA. 6 ThThI eprile (193) emanA sanmAnA muMbAimAM eka meTA bahera meLAvaDA karavAmAM AvyA hatA tyAre kAmanA meATA agresara ane naNItA gRhasthAe prazaMsAbharyAM suMdara zabdomAM, kAmanA sateSa, AbhAra ane mAnanI lAgaNI pradarzita karI hatI. jarathAstI dharmanuM emanuM jJAna agAdha ane jhINuM che ane te viSe saMkhyAbaMdha lekhA, vyAkhyA, nibaMdha ane graMthe emaNe lakhelAM che. eja pramANe kule 106) Anthropological viSayeA para che. emanA te lekhAnAM cAra pustakeA pragaTa thayelAM che; ane pAMcamuM pragaTa thAya che ane 7

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI e saMsthAnA-Bombay Anthropological society nA-Asare 30 varSo sudhI teo onararI sekreTarI hatA. e arasAmAM be vakhata tenA pramukha nimAyA hatA.bebe brAMca opha royala ezIATIka sosAeTInA Asare 17 varSa upa-pramukha rahyA hatA ane hAla be varSa thayAM pramukha che. e sAITI samakSa Azare pa0) viSayo vAMcyA che, je cAra pustakomAM pragaTa thayAM che. IrAnanI tavArikhane paNa emaNe sAro abhyAsa karelo che. yuropa, eziyA, AphrIkA ane temAM hiMdustAna, baramA, phreMca cAnA, cIna ane jApAnanA judA judA bhAgonI aneka vAra lAMbI musApharI karelI che; ane tyAMthI jAtamAhitI meLavelI che, e jema mAnaspada tema magarUrI levA jevI bInA che. chellI 1925 mAM karelI yuropa, AphrIkA ane eziyA-ane temAM razIA ane irAnanI musApharInuM varNana eka pustakamAM pragaTa karyuM che. eo prastuta viSayomAM eTalA pAraMgata thayelA che; emaNe eTalI badhI vidvattA ane jJAna prApta karelAM che ke paurvAtya viSayonA abhyAsa karanArI, yurepanI jUdI jUdI jANItI maMDaLIoe, emane pitAnI saMsthAnA onararI sabhAsada nImIne apUrva mAna ApyuM che temaja mAna bharI pIo bakSelI che, e badhuM eka hindI vidvAna mATe khare, abhinaMdanIya kahevAya. sva kharazedajI rUratamajI kAmA pachI jarastI ane irAniyana viSayamAM keIe uMcuM mAnabharyuM sthAna meLavyuM hoya te te eo ja che. hindanA vidvAna varga emane cothI oriyaMTala konpharansa sana 1926mAM alhAbAdamAM maLelI tenA pramukha nImI, emanA pratyeno potAno abhAva ane mAnanI lAgaNI pradarzita karyA hatA. teo upara jaNAvyuM tema muMbAI eziyATika sosAITInA pramukha che; ane bIjI ghaNI saMsthAo sAthe nikaTa joDAyelA che. kAmA oriyaMTalA insTITayuTanI kRtimAM emane moTo hAtha rahelo che. emanA graMthenI TIpa mAtra jevAthI emanI pravRti keTalI vizALa ane vidhavidha che, te samajAze. emanA mitra, prazaMsake ane vidva6 varga taraphathI emanI sevAnI

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3. sara jIvanacha jamazedajI modI kadara sanAzIne eka smAraka graMtha cAlu mAsamAM (eprila 1970) arpaNa karavAmAM Avyo che, e puravAra kare che ke emanA abhyAsa, jJAna ane vidvattAthI temaja kAmanI uttama sevA karIne, saune kevo ane keTalo badho cAha ane mAna temaNe saMpAdana karyo che. vizeSamAM cAlu juna mAsamAM zahenazAhanA janma divase mAnacAMdanI yAdI prakaTa thaI, temAM eone nAITane mAnavaMte IlkAba enAyata thayo che e paNa khuzI thavA jevo banAva che. .. emanA graMthanI yAdI gujarAtI. vAyucakra zAstra sana 1887 jamazeda, homa ane Ataza 1884 avastA jamAnAnuM ekarAranAmuM , 1886 avastA jamAnAnI gharasaMsArI jIMdagI bhUgoLa ane ekarAranAmuM . . . . 1887 . . .) << avastA jamAnAnI gharasaMsArI bAbadAra , 1886 anAhIta ane pharohara - ' , 1887 bhaviSyanI jIMdagI athavA AtmAnuM amarapaNuM . 1889 avastAnI bhUgoLa 1889 AdaraNuzaspa , 1893 zAha jamazeda ane jamazedI narejha eka asalI irAnI bAnuM ane teNune saMsAra , , , kadIma IrAnIomAM bALakanI keLavaNI mehera ane jazane mehaMgAna - - 1889 avatAnA vizeSa nAmonI rihaMga * i 1892 IrAnI viSaya bhA. 1 lo A che 1894 , , bhA. 2 je , 1900 , , bhA. 3 je 1902 meta upara vAeja ( 1271 ya. ma.) , ' , 1902 zAhanAmuM, mIna ceheranA rAjya sudhI 1904 zAhanAmuM ane phIradesI. * i 1897

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI 1915 rUstamanAmuM jJAnaprasAraka viSayo bhA. 1 lo 1898 bhA. 2 je 1906 bhA. 3 je 1917 bhA. 4 the 1920 IrAnanuM pezadAdIAna vaMza 1914 IrAnanuM keyAnIana vaMza jarathostI dharmasaMbaMdhI bhASaNo ane vAe bhA. 1lo 1902 bhA. 2 je , 1905 bhA. 3 je ka 1907 bhA.4 the 1909 bhA. 5 che 1912 bhA.6 Dro , 1919 bunadeveza (pahelavI bhASAmAMthI tarajume) ka 1901 kadIma irAnIe, hIraDeTsa ane sTro mujaba, avastA ane bIjA pArasI pustakonI sarakhAmaNI sAthe zAhanAmAnA dAstAne bhA. 1 lo che bhA. 2 zAhanAmAnI suMdarIo mArI muMbAI bAhAranI sehela ardhavIsUra anAhIta. , 1887 mukatAdanA divase keTalA che ? te bAbenI pahelavI, pAjaMda, phArasI vagere pustakonA AdhAre tapAsa. ka 1908 - muMbainA pArasI dharma khAtAo , 1910 jarathostI dharma saMbaMdhI keLavaNuM ApanArI ane jJAna phelA vanArI maMDaLI hastaka pragaTa karelAM pustake. jarathostI dharma saMbaMdhI praznottara 1907 : jarathostI dharmanI tavArIkha. 1910 - jarastI dharmanAM kAme ane kriyAo. 1911 purAtana irAnane itihAsa bhA. 1 lo 1916 1904 1906 1907 1808 1826 82

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3. sara jIvanacha jamazedajI meMdI igrejIH 105 The Religious ceremonies and customs of the Parsees. 1923 The Religious System of the Parsees. 1893 A Catechism of the Zorostrian Religion. 1911 The Naojote ceremony of the Parsees. 1914 (2nd Edition) The Marriage ceremony of the Parsees. 1910 Marriage customs among the Parsees, their comparison with similar customs of other Nations. 1900 Funeral Ceremonies of the Parsis. The Parsees at the Court of Akbar and Dastur Meherji Rana. 103 Aiyadgar-i Zariran, Shatroiha-i Airan va Afdya va Sahigiya-i-Seistan ( 1096 1841 pustakone aMgrejI ane gujarAtImAM tarajumo). 1899 Jamaspi (pahelavImAMthI tarajume) 1903 Asiatic Papers, Parts I 1905 Part II 1917 Part III 1927 Part IV 1929 Anthropological Papers, Part I 1911 Part II 1918 Part III 1924 Part IV 1929 Masonic Papers. 1913 Dante Papers. 1914 Memorial Papers 1922 Dastur Bahman Kaikobad and the Kisseh-iSanjan. 1917 8 3

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI 1928 1905 Cama Oriental Institute Papers. Persian Farziat Nameh and Kholase-i-Din of 47: Dastur Darab Pahala. 1924 Anquetil Dau Perron and Dastur Darab. . 1916 Moral Extracts from Zorostrian Books. 1914 A few events in the Early History of the Parsees and their Dates. 1905 A Glimpse into the work of the Bombay Branch Royal Asiatic Society during the last 100 years, from a Parsee point of view. A Glimpse into the Work of the Jarthoshti Dinnikhal karnari Mandla. 1922 Education among the Ancient Iranians. 1905 kaMca bhASAmAM lakhelA viSaye Impressions d'un Parsi Sur La Ville De Paris. La Visite d'un Parsi a La Ville De Constantinople. 9608 La ceremonie Du Naojote Parmi les Parsis. . 9665 eDITa karelAM pustaka K. R. Cama Memorial Volume. 1900 The Pahlavi Madigan-i-Hazar Dadistan. 1901 K. R. Cama Masonic Jubilee Volume 1907 Spiegel Memorial Volume. 1908 Sir J. J. Madressa Jubilee Volume. 1914 muMbaInI pArasI paMcAtanI tavArIkha (be volyuma). 1930 84

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jeThAlAla goradhanadAsa zAha jeThAlAla goradhanadAsa zAha jJAtie dazA meDha mAMDalIA vANuo; vatana khaMbhAta; ane janma bharUca jIllAnA jaMbusara tAlukAnA ubera gAmamAM tA. 10 mI oNkaTobara 1893 nA roja thayo hato. janmabhUmimAM gujarAtI sAta dhoraNane abhyAsa karelo ane mAdhyamika ane uMcI keLavaNI amadAvAdamAM vasya borDiMgamAM rahIne meLavelI. sana 1917 mAM bI. e; nI parIkSA narsa sahita pAsa karI ane sana 1923 mAM ema. e; nI paddhI AnasaMsahita meLavI. atyAre teo amadAvAdanA lAlazaMkara gujarAtI mahilA pAThazALAmAM adhyApaka che. kolejamAM abhyAsa karatA hatA tyArathI lekhanavAcanano zekha ane khAsakarIne bhakti sAhitya prati vizeSa rUci. emano prathama lekha bhejA kavi viSe sana 1918 mAM buddhiprakAza' mAM prasiddha thayo hato. emanA priya viSayo tattvajJAna ane temAMya zuddhAdvaita ane alaMkArazAstra che. vallabha saMpradAyanA sAhityane prakAzamAM ANavAne emaNe stutipAtra yatna sevyo che. atyArasudhI e sAhitya prAthamika avasthAmAM hatuM; paNa emaNe puSTimArga eTale zuM? tattvadIpa nibaMdha, subodhinI traNa khaMDamAM, anubhASya, raseza zrIkRSNa, base bAvana vaiSNavonI vAto vagere pustaka racIne e saMpradAyanI kimatI sevA bajAvI che; ane te paNa koI paNa prakAranA aMgata lAbha artha nahi paNa saMpradAya pratinI lAgaNI ane sevAbhAvathI. emanI e sevA badala amadAvAda vaNava mahAsabhA dvArA cImanalAla raNachoDadAsa pArekha suvarNacaMdraka sana 1929mAM emane arpaNa karavAmAM Avyo hato. vaLI yunivarsiTI taraphanuM nArAyaNa paramAnaMda InAma rU.ra00) che ane bAlakRSNa pAritoSika rU.1pa0) nuM emaNe meLavelAM che. temanI sAhitya sevA badala godharAnA vaiSNava maMDaLa taraphathI eka mAnapatra enAyata karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. teo eka uMcI keTInA abhyAsI ane lekhaka cheH gu. va. sosAITI taraphathI dayArAmakRta rasika vallabha jarUrI noTasa poddaghAta sAthe eDiTa karI ApavAnuM emane saMpAyuM che. emanA graMthanI yAdI 1 puSTimArga eTale zuM? (sa. 1980) 2 tattvadIpa nibaMdha (1981) babAvana vaiSNavanI vArtA. (1982) L85

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. 4 subodhinI khaMDa. 1 (1982) 5 , khaMDa. 2 (1982) 6 , khaMDa. 3 (1982) 7 aNubhASya bhA. 1 (1983) 8 , bhA. 2 (1985) 9 raseza zrIkRSNa (1984) 10 suradAsa (1980) 11 paMcadaMDa ane anya kavitA-neTasa sAthe (1985) [ kula liviMga saraTIphIkeTa parIkSAnuM pAThaya pustaka. ]

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DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI DAhyAbhAI pItAMbaradAsa derAsarI-bArisTara eNTa-le jAte visanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. janma I. sa. 1857 mAM 11 mI okaTobaranA roja suratamAM thayo hato. mULa vatanI kapaDavaNajanA paNa emanA dAdAnA pitA amadAvAdamAM AvI rahelA. emaNe meTrikanI parIkSA pasAra karelI ane pachIthI punAnI sAyansa kolejamAM keTaloka samaya abhyAsa karelo. tyAMthI emanI nimaNuMka rAjakeTamAM kAThyiAvADa TreniMga kaeNlejamAM thayelI, jyAM teo chellA esisTaMTathI ekaTiMga prinsipAlanA hoddA sudhI pahoMcelA. sarakArI nokarI sAthe sArvajanika hilacAla ane jAhera kAryomAM paNa teo rasapUrvaka bhAga letA, teo leMga lAyabrerI ane vaiTasana myujhiyamanA ghaNAM varSa sudhI e. sekreTarI hatA. hAlanuM rAjakoTanuM bArTane myujhIama ane leMga lAibrerI, e be saMsthAone samRddha ane AbAda karavAmAM emano phALe thaDo nathI; e kimatI sevA badala e saMthAonA kAryakartAoe emanI chabI tyAM mUkelI che. 1893mAM emaNe kAThiyAvADa saMgrahasthAna bharyuM hatuM. eka varSa sudhInI jAta mahenatanA pariNAme e pradarzana ghaNuM phatehamaMda thayuM hatuM. pradarzanamAM AvelA sAmAna vaDe myujhIyama bharI nAMkhyuM hatuM. emanI kAryadakSatA ane bAhozIthI, tema mAyALu ane hetALa svabhAvathI temanA samAgamamAM AvanAra sau koInA dila teo harI letA; ane yuropiyanamAM paNa teo eTalA ja lokapriya hatA. emanI buddhinI caMcaLatA ane abhyAsa mATenI dhagazanA kAraNe, temane kAThiyAvADanA keTalAka rAja taraphathI emana yUropiyana mitronI sucanAthI IglAMDa bhustara vidyAne abhyAsa karavA mATe mokalavAmAM AvyA hatA; tyAM e viSayanA abhyAsa sAthe, pote berisTara paNa thaI AvyA ane gujarAtamAM bhustara vidyA maMDaLanA sabhya-phalo teo prathama ja hatA. vaLI tyAMnA vasavATa daramiyAna yala eziyATika sosAITInA sabhAsadanI upAdhi prApta karelI. ahiM pAchA AvyA pachI sarakArI nokarInuM rAjInAmuM ApI, teo prekaTIza kare che; ane judI judI jAhera hilacAlomAM AgaLa paDato bhAga le che ane rIlIjhaDa prijhanara, muMgA prANI pratye dayA batAvanAruM maMDaLa, e be saMsthAnA prANa ane mukhya saMcAlaka che. guja rAta varnAkayulara sesAITInA sabhAsada paNa ghaNA varSothI che ane tenI menejIMga kamiTInA kAmakAjamAM utsAhapUrvaka AgevAnImAM bhAga le che.

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI TreniMga kaoNlejamAM hatA tyAre vidhArthIo mATe pAThaya pustako racelAM; jevAM ke, "arthazAstra,' 'rasAyanazAstra,' "vidyArthIone mitra', "prANI varNana vagere ane bIjA samayamAM "raNajItasiMha" ane "saraLa padArthavijJAna sosAITI mATe lakhI ApelAM. paNa e pustaka vidyArthI ane sAmAnya janatAnI dRSTie lakhAyAM chatAM lokapriya nivaDayAM che; ane tenI bethI vadhu AvRttio thayelI che. paNa e badhAM karatAM emanI khyAti eka kavi tarIke, bulabula nA kartA tarIke vizeSa che. "caMbelI' ane "bulabula" e be kAvyo gujarAtI kAvya sAhityamAM kAvyanA TAIpamAM phaimanI navIna dizA ughADe che; ane e kAvyonAM mAdhurya, lAlitya ane gayatAnI muktakaMThe prazaMsA thayelI che. jJAtikAryamAM paNa pote banatI sevA kare che ane jJAtie, banArasamAM maLelI cothI visanagarA jJAti kenpharansanA pramukha nImI emane apUrva mAna ApyuM hatuM. emanI sAhitya sevA sarvadezI che. pite anuvAda karyA che, jemake, raNajItasiMha.' paMcama jyorja; svataMtra kRtio lakhI che; jemake, "sADInuM sAhitya,' ane junI gujarAtI kahAnDade prabaMdha' nuM avalokana karI te kAvyane zAstrIya rIte, UpaghAta ane noTasa sAthe eDiTa karyuM che, je banArasa ane muMbaI yunivarsiTImAM gujarAtInA uMcA abhyAsa mATe pAThya pustaka tarIke vaMcAya che. kahAnDade prabaMdhana saraLa ane rasika bhASAmAM anuvAda karyo che, je vAMcatAM sva. rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara kahe che tema, mULa kAvya ja heya nahi ema lAge che vaLI paurANika kathA keSa' nuM kArya hamaNAM teo karI rahyA che. narma kathA kaSa' pachI AvuM bIjuM pustaka thayuM nathI. te marAThInA AdhAre taiyAra thAya che, tema chatAM temAM sudhArAvadhArA ane pheraphAra mahATA ane vistRta che; ane te eTalA moTA pramANamAM che ke mULa graMtha karatAM enuM pUra doTuM thayuM che ane paurANika AkhyAyikAone e bhaMDAra ja che. | saraLa padArtha vijJAnanI bIjI AvRtti ghaNuM rasikabhASAmAM ane e zAstranA saMpUrNa digdarzana rUpa thaI che. ane gujarAtI TreniMga kolejomAM ane nizALonA abhyAsakramamAM te dAkhala thaI che. 88

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DAhyAbhAI pItAbahAsa derAsarI bulabula haridharmazataka. amArAM AMsu madhubhuta kahAnDade prabaMdha-mULa , anuvAda vidyArthIne mitra vanaspatizAstra, emanA zrenI yAdI 1880 saraLa sAyanazAstra. saraLa arthazAstra - 1884 saraLa padArtha vijJAna 1896 raNajItasiMha - 18rSa 1913 sAThInA sAhityanuM digdarzane 1911 1924 bhustaravidyA 190 . camelI-vaso rajata mahatsava smAraka graMtha 1928 zahenazAha paMcama jyorja 1930

Page #158
graMthakAra caritrAvaLI DAlararAya raMgIladAsa mAMkaDa jAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emane janma I.sa. 1902 mAM kacchamAM vAgaDamAM jaMgI gAme thayA hatA. emanA mAtuzrInuM nAma umiyAguvarI che. emanuM mULa vatana kAThiyAvADamAM joDIAmAM che. temaNe mAdhyamika zikSaNa joDiyA tathA rAjakeTa gAmamAM lIdheluM ane uMcA zikSaNa mATe bahAudIna (junAgaDha) tathA dayArAma jeThamala siMdha (karAMcI) kAlejamAM abhyAsa karelA. teee sana 1924 mAM bI. e; nI parIkSA khIjA vargomAM pAsa karelI ane ema. e; nI padri khInna vargomAM sana 1927 mAM lIdhelI. hAlamAM tee karAMcImAM yArAma jeThamala siMdha kAlejamAM saMskRta ane gujarAtInA adhyApaka che. emane prathama lekha pUrAtattvamAM (varSa 2,--aMka 4) e traNa nATaka" nAmane premAnaMdanA nAmakAnA kartRtva viSe uMDI abhyAsapUrNa carcA karatA, chapAyA hatA ane te lekha sAtemI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA riporTamAM paNa levAyA che. te pachI emanI sAhitya pravRtti dina pratidina vadhatI ane khIlatI Aya che. sI bhASAzAstra ane gaveSaNA e emanA priya viSaye che ane 'prasthAna' ane anya mAsikAmAM bhASA viSe lakhAI AvatA emanA lekhA abhyAtaraphathI AdarapUrvaka vaMcAya che. vaLI 'nAgarika' nAmanAM kAmI traimAsikanA sahama trI tarIke paNa emanI sevA dhyAna kheMce che. karAMcImAM teoe gujarAtI maMDaLa sthApIne bhASA, sAhitya temaja saMskRti pracAraNanuM stutya kArya AdarI rahyA che, jene kaiMka khyAla temaNe karAMcI sAhitya-kaLA maheAtsava aMka kADhelA che te parathI Avaze. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: Studies in Dasarupam 1 zakAyaH staMtranuM bhASAMtara 2 rUdrAdhyAya [mULa, bhASAMtara, TIkA] 3 lavividha (bhASAMtara) 90 1927 (sana 1929) (sana 1929) (sana 1929)

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zrImatI tArAhuna meTika ee jAte dakSiNI-kAMkaNastha brAhmaNa ane puNAnA vatanI che. emanA janma muMbAimAM 19 mI eprila 1892 nA divase thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma sadAziva pAMDuraMga keLakara ane mAtAnuM nAma umAbAI keLakara che. eee ghaNAkharA abhyAsa muMbAimAM karyAM hatA. sana 1909 mAM meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, 1910 mAM kAlejamAM joDAyalA; ane sana 1914 mAM khI. e., nI DIgrI aicchika viSaya phrilAseApI laine meLavelI. ApaNI atyAranI sAmAjika paristhitimAM eka vhena A pramANe khI. e., sudhInI keLavaNI levAne zaktimAna thAya e cit abhinaMdanIya che. ee sana 1921 mAM rAjakATanI strIe mATenI khAna pImela TrenIMga kaeNAlejamAM prinsipAla tarIke prathama dAkhala thayelA; pazu mATIsArInI paddhatithI AkarSAine te dakSiNAmUrti khALama MdiranA zikSaNakA mAM joDAyA. temanA priya viSayeA samAjazAstra ane bALazikSaNa che. zrImatI tArAnhena meDaka zrIyuta gIjubhAinI sAthe khAlazikSaNa ane menTesarI zikSaNa patimAM ee eTalA rasalIna ane pravRttimaya thai gayalAM che ke e baMnenA kAya prati zikSita gujarAta Atura daSTie joI rahyu che ane emanA prayatnAne satkArI rahyuM che. eka dakSiNI vhena gujarAtanA bALako mATe jJAnane yajJa kare, ethI vizeSa rUDuM ApaNA mATe paNa eka apUrva saMyoga che. bALakAnAM ramakaDAM bALakAnA paheraveza zALAnA cAlu zikSaNakArya sAthe emaNe khAlasAhitya navuM sarjavAmAM paNa sArA hissA ApeleA che; eTaluMja nahi paNa emanA bIjAM kAryonI peDe 'zikSaNa patrikA'nA ee zrIyuta gijubhAI sAthe sahata trI che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: zivaNa bharata bALavArtAnI veNIe AlacAritrya potAnI zakti ane bIjuM zuM hAya! e 91 i. sa. 1927 ,, ,, 22 39 99 1929 22 ,,

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magezanA pApaTa chANA thApI AvyAM giri zikhara sAjA rahIe caritra kathana navI daSTi bAla prema bAlakanI mAgaNI te haTha DhIMgalInI ramata gharamAM menTIseArI graMthakAra caritrAvaLI 92 39 ,, "" "" 39 29 29 29 99 99 1928-29 99 .. 19 99 1929 99 99 99 29

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durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstrI eo jJAtie praznArA nAgara che. emanuM mULa vatana jAmanagara ane emano janma saM. 1938 nA mAgha zuda pAMcamanA roja kAThiyAvADamAM AvelA amarelI gAmamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma kevaLarAma lIlAdhara zAstrI ane mAtAnuM nAma jayakumArI che. emanA pitA goMDala saMskRta pAThazALAmAM mukhya adhyApaka hatA; eTale ghaNokhare prAthamika ane mAdhyamika abhyAsa emaNe goMDalamAM karelo. paNa hAnapaNamAM emanuM zarIra nabaLuM rahetuM ane emanAmAM jhAjhI skUtiM jaNAtI nahi, tethI emanA abhyAsa pAchaLa vizeSa dhyAna apAyeluM nahi. saM. 1957 mAM igrejI chaThThA dhoraNamAMthI abhyAsa choDI daI, teo rAjakoTamAM lakSmaNa maherAmaNa kemikala leboreTarImAM dAkhala thayA; ane tyAM lagabhaga aDhI varSa abhyAsa karI, prekaTIkala phArmasIsTa tarIke pAsa thayA. pitAnI pAse emaNe keTaluMka saMskRtinuM jJAna meLavyuM hatuM ane leboreTarImAM rahyA te arasAmAM te abhyAsa, khAsa karIne sAhitya ane vedAMtano, khUba vadhAryo hate. sana 1904 mAM teo pahela prathama muMbaI AvyA hatA; je varSe tyAM inDiyana nezanala konTesa ane tenA aMge eka bhavya svadezI vastuonuM pradarzana bharAyuM hatuM. prekaTIkala phArmasIsTa thayA pachI ekadama nokarI maLelI nahi ane e badhe samaya emaNe ApaNA prAcIna sAhitya, itihAsa ane dharmanA vAcana ane abhyAsamAM vyatita karyo, jenuM suMdara pariNAma ApaNe emanA anekavidha vidvattApUrNa lekhamAM pratyakSa nihALIe-anubhavIe chIe. sana 1910 mAM jhaMDu phArmAsyuTIkala varkasamAM emanI nimaNuMka thaI; tyArathI eo e lAinamAM, je mATe pote prathamathI lAyakAta prApta karI hatI, temAM cAlu rahI, AyurvedanA jJAnapracAra ane saMzodhana artha satata prayatna karatA rahyA che; ane e pravRttinA aMge "Ayurveda vijJAna' nAmanuM eka mAsika eDiTa kare che, je AyurvedamAM rasa lenArAo mATe kimatI vAcanasAhitya, vadhu vicAra, carcA ane abhyAsa arthe raju kare che. vaidakanI lAinamAM paDelA hovAthI e viSayamAM emanI huMziyArI ane vidvattA dekhAI Ave e samajAya ema che; paNa vaidakanI lAInanI peThe ApaNA prAcIna itihAsa ane sAhityanA viSayamAM paNa emaNe nipUNatA

Page #162
graMthakAra caritrAvaLI ane vidvatA dAkhavyAM che, ema emanA lekhe vAcanAra kaI paNa kahI zakaze. De. bhAMDArakaranA zivadharma ane vaiSNava dharma viSenA pustakano anuvAda emaNe karyo che, paNa te pustaka mAtra anuvAda nathI; temAM ghaTatA pheraphAra ane jarUrI sudhArA vadhArA karIne keTalIka viziSTatA AvyuM che, tethI te mULa pustaka sAthe lAibrerImAM bheguM rAkhavuM ja paDe. gujarAtamAM e dharmanA pracAra ane vistAra arthe emaNe eka taddana navIna prakaraNa temAM umereluM che, te batAvI Ape che ke e viSayamAM teo keTalA uMDA utarelA che ane emane abhyAsa keTalo jhINo ane mArmika che. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadamAM teo cheka bIjI sAhitya pariSadathI rasa letA AvyA che; ane chellI pAMceka pariSadomAM, evI eke nahi maLI Ave ke jemAM emane lekha Avyo hoya nahi. sAhitya pariSadanI peThe vaidaka pariSadamAM paNa teo khUba rasa dharAve che ane jude jude sthaLoe bharAyelI pariSadamAM hAjarI ApI, tenA kAryane vyavasthita ane upayogI banAvavA jarUrI hisso ApatA rahyA che. emane sAhityane saMskAra-rasa sva. maNizaMkara ratnajIe lagADela; ane emanI preraNA ane sUcanAthI RgvadanA cAlIseka sUktano gujarAtImAM anuvAda emaNe karyo hate. te pachI emanA sAhitya ane ItihAsanA abhyAsamAM sva. raNajItarAme vizeSa raMga lagADelo; ane emanA AgrahathI "navajIvana ane satyamAM keTalAka lekho lakhI ApelA. e lekhamAM pachI dina pratidina vadhAro thato gayo che; ane gujarAtI uMcI koTinA evAM thoDAM mAsiko mAluma paDaze, jemAM emanA eka vA anya viSaya para ekathI vadhu nibaMdha prakaTa thayA nahi hoya. vaivakalpatarU" mATe emaNe bALakano vaidya' e nAmanuM eka bheTanuM pustaka lakhI ApeluM; tema paMDita nArAyaNa mULajI bukaselara mATe "mAdhava nidAna'nI navI AvRtti sudhArA vadhArA ane navA pariziSTa sAthe taiyAra karI ApI che. jhaMDu bhaTTajInuM jIvanacaritra paNa caritra graMthamAM vizeSa umere kare che. emanuM "gujarAtanAM tIrthasthAne ' e pustaka itihAsapremIoe temaja yAtrALuoe avazya vAcavA vicAravA jevuM che. temAM ApaNe prAcIna ItihAsanuM uMDuM nirIkSaNa ane abhyAsa najare paDe che, tethI te vizeSa mUlyavAna thayuM che.

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durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma zAstro gu. va. sAsAiTIe temane gujarAtanA prAcIna itihAsa-cAvaDA ane solaMkI vaMzane--temaja AyurvedanA itihAsa e e pustakA lakhavA sAMpyAM che; ane phAsa sabhA taraphathI teo 'prabaMdha ciMtAmaNi' nAmanA jIne aitihAsika graMtha eDiTa kare che. emanA aitihAsika nibaMdhenA eka saMgraha 'purANa vivecana' e nAmathI gu. va. sAsAiTI taraphathI prasiddha thanAra che. A parathI spaSTa thaze ke gujarAtamAM atyAre ApaNA prAcIna sAhitya ane itihAsanA je gaNyAgAMThayA abhyAsI ane vivecake che. temAM emanuM sthAna che; ane emanA lekhA vizvasanIya ane abhyAsa yeAgya jaNAyA che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH 1 vaiSNava dharmanA saMkSipta itihAsa 2 bALakAnA vaidya 3 mAdhava nidAna 4 jhaMDu bhaTTajInuM jIvanacaritra 2 zavadhama nA 6 gujarAtanAM tIrtha sthAne 95 saM. 1973 saM. 1974 saM. 1975 saM. 1976 saM. 1977 saM. 1985

Page #164
graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. dezaLajI kAnajI paramAra eo jAte rajaputa che. emanuM vatana goMDala saMsthAne tAbAnuM gaNada gAma che ane emane janma saradAragaDha (soraTha) mAM tA. 12 mI jAnyuArI 1894nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma kAnajIbhAI jIvAbhAI paramAra ane mAtAnuM nAma jIvIbAI meghAjI makavANA che. emanA pitAzrI kAThiyAvADa ejansImAM keLavaNa khAtAmAM hatA ane eka ucca koTinA zikSaka tarIke temanuM nAma e bhAgamAM hajI prasiddha che; ane vizeSa jANavA ane neMdhavA jevuM e che ke emanA dAdA chavAjIe bahAravaTuM kareluM, jemanA amIrI guNe pautramAM utarelA che. eoe meTrIkanI parIkSA rAjakeTanI phreDa hAIskUlamAMthI sana 1912 mAM pasAra karI hatI ane te pachI bhAvanagaramAM sAmaLadAsa kaile. jamAM abhyAsa karI sana 1916 mAM aMgrejI-saMskRta aicchika viSaya laIne bI. e. thayA hatA. emanA priya viSaya sAhitya ane kaLA che. teo amadAvAdanA vanitAvizrAmamAM lAMbA samayathI eka zikSaka che. potAnA cAritra ane vartanathI saMcAlakone temaja tyAM bhaNatI bALAone emaNe cAha ane vizvAsa saMpAdana karelAM che. ema kahI zakAya ke emanA pitAnI peThe zikSaNanA dhaMdhA mATenuM emanuM kartavya-bhAna ane javAbadArIno khyAla, eTalo uMco, tIvra ane daDha che ke eka uttama zikSakanA badhA aMze emanAmAM dRSTigocara thAya che. zikSaNanA vyavasAyamAM parovAyelA rahevA chatAM, sAhitya ane kaLA prati paNa e eTalo ja anurAga dharAve che, ane vizeSamAM yuvakayuvatIenAM vicAra, lAgaNuM, abhilASa ane Adarza samajavA ane temAM uThA utaravA yatna karI, temanA mAnasane mUrta svarUpa ApavA prayAsa kare che, e emanA gIta ane lekha vAMcanAra joI zakaze. e saMbaMdhamAM eka vAta ahIM noMdhIzuM ke e ane emanuM mitramaMDaLa dezamAM-kAThiyAvADamAM sAhitya, kaLA ane rasika jIvananA manorama svapna kumArAvasthAmAM sevatuM hatuM, te amadAvAdamAM AvI vasyA pachI, temanA manoratha siddha karavAmAM keTaleka aMze saphaLa thayuM che, ema emanuM pravRttikendra "kumAra' kAryAlayamAM thatuM kAmakAja sAkSI pUraze.

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dezaLajI kahAnajI paramAra navuM ane ugatuM gujarAta kevI bhAvanA ane mane sevI rahyuM che; tenA Adarza ane abhilASa zA zA che, enuM citra emanA lekhe ane kAmAMthI maLI Avaze ane nava gujarAtanA pratinidhi kavi ane lekhaka tarIke emane oLakhavAmAM eka prakAranuM jema mAna che, tema emanA lakhANanI yogya kaseTI che. mahAtmAjI viSe temaja zahIda jatIndranAthadAsa viSe emaNe be khaMDa kAvyo racelAM che; ane prakIrNa kAvya "gaurInAM gIta" e nAmathI prakaTa thayelAM che. emanuM gadya lakhANa, emanA padyanI peThe bhAvanAbharyuM ane kavitvamaya che. emane graMthaH gaurInAM gIta

Page #166
graMthakAra caritrAvaLI dhanazaMkara hIrAzakara tripAThI 6 " emanA janma kheDA jIllAmAM naDIAdamAM vikramAka` saMvat 1945mAM bhAdrapada zuda ekAdazI ne gurUvAre thayA hatA. temanA pitAnuM nAma hIrAzaMkara mahAzaMkara tripAThI ane mAtAnuM nAma tuLajAlakSmI che. jJAtie ee vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. keLavaNI meTrIka sudhI lIdhI che. lekhaka tarIke zarUAtamAM meTrokamAMthIja temaNe 'sundarI suSedha, ' * A dharma prakAza vagere mAsikAmAM kavitAe ane lekhe ApavA zarU karyAM hatA. sundarI sukhAdha'mAM te 'siddelAsI' upanAmathI lakhatA. 1910nI sAlamAM 'gujarAtI paMca'mAM pruphpharIDaranI jagyA khAlI paDatAM te te jagyAe rahyA. tyArathI bandhu samAja' nA sabhAsadeAnA paricayamAM AvyA ane temAMnA rA. DAhyAbhAie gujarAtI paMca' mAM nAnI nAnI nAMdhA lakhavAnA kAmamAM temane zikSaNa ApyuM. ekAda varSa bAda dhanazaMkara muMbAInA 'gujarAtI patra' mAM joDAyA, jyAM bhASAntare ane khIjAM patrakAritvanuM kAma karavAnI temane puSkaLa taka maLI. sAta varSa` tee tyAM rahyA te daramyAna sAhitya vyavasAya paNa vadhI zakyA. gujarAtI'nI bhArata lAkakathAnA e bhAgAmAM tathA 'gujarAtI'nA cAlu aMkamAM temane vArtAe lakhavAnuM kAma paNa soMpAyuM hatuM. 1917 mAM 'gujarAtI paMca' mAM te upataMtrI tarIke joDAyA. Aja paNa teo te sthAne che. temane priya viSaya itihAsa che. temanA graMthAnI yAdIH 1 vAivRkSa (TUMkI vArtAo) 2 cAkheravAlI (TAgAranI navalakathAnA anuvAda) 3 alakakizArI. (sUcita) 4 svadeza (nibaMdhA) 5 sumana saMcaya (kAvyeA) 6 DUbatuM vahANa (TAgAranI navalakathAnA anuvAda) 7 TAgAranI TUMkI vArtAo (bhASAntara) 8 sattaramI sadInuM krAnsa (bhA. 1 leA) (alekajhAMDara DUmAnA thrI maskeTIasanuM bhASAntara.) 98 1914 1916 1916 1918 1918 1919 1920 1920

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dhanazaMkara hIrAzakara tripAThI. 1922 123 1923 9 prabodhakumAra (sUcita ) 10 saMsAra baMdhana (sUcita ) 11 divyajyoti (maulika ) 12 divAnI ke zANuM? (valkI kolinsanA dhI vumana ina bahAiTanuM bhASAntara) 13 anupama-uSA (maulika) 14 lakSmI athavA janmabhUminI jaya garjanA (0) 15 seraThanA citArA (aitihAsika navalakathA) 16 rUperI rAjahaMsa (DiTekiTava navalakathA) 1925 19ra7 1928 1929

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI dhanasukhalAla kRNulAla mahetA eo jAte vAlmikI kAyastha ane suratanA vatanI che. emane janma kAThiyAvADamAM vaDhavANa gAme tA. 20 mI okaTobara 1890 nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma kRSNalAla goviMdadAsa mahetA, jeo jhAlAvADa prAMtamAM DepyuTI ejyukezanala InspekaTara hatA ane pAchaLathI traNa varSa pAlItANamAM nAyaba divAna nimAyA hatA. temanuM mRtyu 1910nI sAlamAM thayuM hatuM. mAtAnuM nAma sau. kapilAgaurI hatuM, jeo 1904 mAM maraNa pAmyAM. emanA moTAbhAI rA. jayasukhalAla mahetA muMbaInI dhI IDIana marcanTasa cuMbaranA sekreTarI che ane sva. raNajItarAma vAvAbhAi mahetA temanA mAmA thAya. meTrIkayulezana sudhIno abhyAsa karyA pachI, nAdurasta tabIyatane lIdhe temane abhyAsa choDI devo paDyo ane vikaToriyA jyubIlI TekanIkala insTITayuTamAM cAra varSanA abhyAsa pachI ilekaTrIkala enajInIyaranI ela I. Ine DIplomA temaNe meLavyo. temAM paNa temanI tabIyata cAlI nahiM ethI emane e lAIna badalavI paDI che. hAlamAM teo sIMdhIA TIma nevigezana kaMpanImAM nokarI kare che. ziSTa aMgrejI pustakonA bhASAMtara karavAthI bhASA upara sAro kAbu Avaze evI sucanA emanA mAmAnI thaI; te uparathI emaNe sara Arathara kainana DoIlanA jagavikhyAta zeralaeNka homsanA traNa pustakonA sarala bhASAMtara taiyAra karyo. 1908 nI sAlathI temanA lekhe prakaTa thavA mAMDelA. jANItA belajIana kavi meTaraliMkanA traNa nibaMdhenuM bhASAMtara karavA mATe emane zrI phArbasa sabhA taraphathI rU. 250) nuM pAritoSika maLyuM hatuM. A nAnakaDuM pustaka "meTaraliMkanA nibaMdhe vidvAnemAM sAro Adara pAmyuM hatuM ane "navajIvana ane satya" mAM enI samAlocanA karatAM tenA taMtrI zrI idulAla yAjJike lakhyuM hatuM keH " amane jaNAvatAM atyaMta AnaMda thAya che ke A atizaya virala ane gahana pustakanuM bhASAMtara karavAmAM rA.dhanasukhalAle je vijaya meLavyo che tenI keAI paNa bhASAMtarakAra adekhAI karI zake. ame AgaLa jaIne kahIzuM ke A nibaMdhenI agAdha philasuphI ane uMDA anubhavane ApaNuM pramANamAM kaMgALa bhASAmAM utAratAM temaNe eka pAsa zabdo ane zailInuM avanavuM lAlitya dAkhavyuM che ane bIjI pAsa temaNe pite kaika navo yaza saMpAdana karyo che. A bhASAMtaranA vakhANa karavAmAM saMyama rAkhavo e kharekhara muzkela che."

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dhanasukhalAla kRSNalAla mahetA A sivAya temaNe bAlajhAka, gotIe, gelIana, jekajha vagere amara sAhityakAronI vividha kRtionAM bhASAMtara temaja rUpAMtara karyo che. tAM emanI khAsa khyAti te hAsyarasanA lekhaka tarIke vizeSa che. hAsyarasanI vAtano emano pahelo saMgraha "huM, saralA ane mitramaMDaLa" bahAra paDayo tyAre taraphathI tenI prazaMsA thaI hatI. emanI hAsyarasa khIlavavAnI zaktinI kadara karI eN. balavaMtarAma ThAkare, pariSada bhaMDoLa kamiTI taraphathI molIeranAM be nATakano anuvAda karavAnuM kArya emane soMpyuM hatuM, jene pariNAme "bhUlanA nAga" ane "bicAro" e nAmathI eka purataka prasiddha thayuM che. sana 1918 nA jAnyuArIthI 1923 nA DiseMbara sudhI cha varSa, muMbaInA gujarAtI hiMdu strImaMDaLa taraphathI calAvavAmAM AvatAM saimAsika strIhitopadeza" nA taMtrI tarIke emaNe kAma karyuM hatuM. sAhitya saMsanA AraMbhathI ja tenA sabhya teo cUMTAyA che ane hAla paNa gujarAtamAM temanA hAsyarasika lekha niyamita prakaTa thAya che. eka acchA bhASAMtarakAra tarIke, TuMkI vArtAnA lekhaka tarIke ane khAsa karIne hAsyarasa pradhAna skena kartA tarIke teo jANItA che ane divAna bahAdUra kRNalAla mehanalAla jhaverI, rA. hiMmatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA ane rA. vijayarAya kalyANarAya vaidya jevA jAgatA vivecakoe hAlanA gujarAtI sAhityanA hAsyarasanA lekhakomAM temanuM sthAna bahu uMcuM nakakI karyuM che. temanI nIce jaNAvela prasiddha thaI gayela kRtio uparAMta, cAlu varSamAM (1930mAM) emanI hAsyarasanI vAtonA be saMgraha prasiddha thavAnuM che-eka "vinoda vihAra' Ara. Ara. zeTha, muMbaI taraphathI ane bIjo "amArI navalakathA ane bIjI vAto' prasthAna kAryAlaya taraphathI. ' emanA graMthonI yAdI 1 DITekaTIva bahAdUra zeralaeNka homsa sana 1909 [ Study in Scarlet nuM bhASAMtara | 2. caMDALa cokaDI [Sign of Four nuM bhASAMtara ! sana 1913 3. meTaraliMkanA nibaMdha sana 1917 4. zeralaeNka hemsanAM sAhasakarmo [ Adventures of Sherlock Holmes s ciuit?! sana 1920 5. huM, saralA ane mitramaMDaLa, sane 1920 6. bicAre ane bhUlanA bhoga (molIeranAM nATakono anuvAda) sana 1921 che. asAdhAraNa anubhava ane bIjI vAto sana 1924

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI narasiMhabhAI IzvarabhAI paTela eo jAte leuA pATIdAra, peTalAda tAlukAmAM AvelA sojItrAnA vatanI che. emane janma sana 1874 mAM ANaMda pAse nAra gAmamAM thayo hatA. emanA mAtAnuM nAma harakhAbA che. emaNe kolejanA priviyasa kalAsa sudhI abhyAsa karelo che; paNa te parIkSA ApelI nahi. emanA priya viSayo, samAjazAstra, bhASAzAstra ane purAtattva che; ane vizeSamAM baMgALI ane jarmana bhASAono bArIka abhyAsa karelo che. sana 1901 thI lekhanakArya AraMbheluM. emanuM prathama pustaka "sAmAjika protsAha" nAme che, je eka IgrejI copAniyAno anuvAda che. pachIthI "latAkumArI', "padmAlayA', 'mahArASTra jIvana saMdhyA", "rAjaputa jIvana prabhAta', geribaDI, vagere graMthe baMgALInA AdhAre racelAM paNa emanI khyAti chellA pustaka "geribaDI thI vizeSa thaI hatI. te pachI aMgrejInA AdhAre amerikana presiDanTa mahAvIra gAphilDanuM jIvanacaritra ane Izvare A vizva racyuM," e be pustake bahAra pADayAM hatAM. paNa te arasAmAM sarakAranI emanA para avakRpA thavAthI emane paradeza veThavo paDe. te varSe emaNe jarmana IsTa AphrikAmAM gALelAM; ane te samaye lakhAyelAM emanA patra, jema te pradezanI mahatvanI jANavA yogya mAhitI Ape che, tema mAtRbhUmi mATe emanuM aMtara keTaluM badhuM sIjhatuM hatuM tenI sarasa chApa pADe che. te pachI hindamAM AvI teo thoDoka samaya kavivara TAgoranA zAtiniketana AzramamAM jaI rahyA hatA ane tyAM gujarAtInA adhyApaka tarIke kArya karyuM hatuM. tyArabAda teo pitAnA vatana najadika AvI vasyA che. ANaMdamAM pATIdAra Azrama kADhI ane pATIdAra' mAsika calAvI, komanA utkarSa arthe teo atyAre bhAre sevA karI rahyA che. vaye pahoMcyA chatAM eka yuvakane jeba Ape e teo jusso dharAve che. emanA vicAra ane Adarza paNa eTalA ja krAMtibharyA che. samAjasevA ane kamasevAnA kArya sAthe sAthe emane sAhitya vyavasAya paNa cAlu che. thoDAMka varSo para "taraMgavatI' nAme eka prAcIna jaina vArtA graMthane emaNe anuvAda prakaTa karyo hate. kavivara TAgoranA naivedyanI prasAdI ApaNane tAjI ja maLelI che ane te Agamaca kavi zilaranuM 12

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narasiMhabhAi izvarabhAI paTela suprasiddha nATaka 'dezabhakta vilhema Tela'nuM janamAMthI bhASAMtara karI, eka laMbANu aitihAsika upAdlAta tema jUdA jUdA Avazyaka TIppaNI sAthe chapAvyuM hatuM, te eka kimatI nATaka che; ane dareka svadezabhaktane avasya vAMcavA lAyaka che. TuMkANamAM teo eka samAjasevakanuM jIvana jIvI rahyA che ane peAtAnA adhA samaya ane zakti, sAhityanA, dezanA ane kAmanA abhyudaya ane unnati mATe vApare che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH sAmAjika preAtsAhana [aMgrejImAMthI anuvAda] lattAkumArI [baMgALIne AdhAre] padmAlayA [ baMgALImAMthI anuvAda ] gerIbaDI [ baMgALI-IMgrejIne AdhAre ] mahArASTra jIvanasa~dhyA [ baMgALInA anuvAda ] rAjaputa jIvana prabhAta [ baMgALInA anuvAda ] mahAvIra gAphilDa [ aMgrejIne AdhAre ] kayA Izvare A vizva racyuM' ? taraMgavatI [ mULa prAkRtamAMthI jananA anuvAda ] naivedya [ baMgALInA anuvAda sana 1929 ] pApIne pastAvA [ iMgrejInA anuvAda ] yuddha ane mahAvIra [ jamananA anuvAda ] vilhelma Tela [ jananA anuvAda ] ITAlInA muktiyajJa 103 sana 1901 1903 1904 1905 1908 1908 1909 1910 1923 1923 1922 1924 29 - 1927 1929 22 29 99 99 "9 ,, , 3. 27 99

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI narasiMharAva bheLAnAtha diveTiyA, bI.e., sI. esa. emane janma amadAvAdamAM sana 1859 mAM 3jI sapTembaranA roja thayo hato. jJAtie teo vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emanA pitA bhoLAnAthabhAInuM nAma AkhA gujarAtamAM eka AgevAna samAjasudhAraka tathA dharmasudhAraka tarIke mazahura che. emanI mAtAnuM nAma zivakAzI hatuM. emanuM prathama lagna sana 1872 mAM thayeluM. bI. e.nI parIkSA sana 1880 mAM bIjA vargamAM aMgrejI tathA saMskRta bhASAo aicchika viSaya tarIke laIne pAsa karelI; eTaluM ja nahi paNa saMskRtamAM prathamapade AvelA ane bhAu dAjI prAIjha meLaveluM. dI. bA. kezavalAla, sva. maNilAla nabhubhAI ane che. zrIdhara bhASkArakara emanA sahAdhyAyIo hatA. sana 1880mAM emanuM bIjI vAranuM lagna siA. suzIlAbahena sAthe thayuM hatuM. AgaLa ema. e, ane ela ela. bI. no abhyAsa karavA mAMDe; paNa te arasAmAM sarakAra taraphathI sTeTayuTarI sivila sarvisamAM AsisTaMTa kalekaTaranI jagA maLavAthI te paDatuM mUkelo ane I. sa. 1884 mAM teo Asi. kalekaTara nimAyA hatA; prathama kheDAmAM nImAyA; pachI solApura badalI thayelI; tyAMthI bIjApura, pachI kAravAra ane pachIthI siMdha haidarAbAda, nAzika, khAnadeza tathA ratnAgiri gayelA; sana 1905 mAM ratnAgirimAM nimAyelA. nokarIne ghaNokhare. samaya dakSiNamAM ja vyatIta thayelo. sana 1912 mAM teo nivRtta thayA hatA; paNa pAchaLathI kaeNlejamAM gujarAtIne abhyAsa dAkhala thatAM, I. sa. 1921 mAM temane eliphansTana kaeNlejamAM gujarAtInA lekacarara tarIke nimavAmAM AvelA che ane te kArya haju ATalI vaye sarasa rIte karyuM jAya che. sana 1886-87 mAM zrIyuta nArAyaNa hemacaMdranA samAgamathI gujarAtImAM kavitA lakhavAne vizeSa vega maLelo, je "kusumamALA'mAM pariNamyo. te Agamaca chUTaka padya ane kAvyo lakhelAM, paNa temAMnA thoDAMka ja rahevA pAmyAM che; ghaNAMne temaNe nAza karyo che. kusumamALA' prathama prakaTa thayelI tyAre gujarAtI sAhitya kSetramAM khUba khaLabhaLATa thayele; ane be taDAM-pakSa baMdhAI gayelAM; paNa e kavitAomAMnA kAvyatattvanA baLe e navAM kAvyonAM pustako adyApi hoMzabhara vaMcAya che. 104

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narasiMharAva bheALAnAtha diveTiyA sana 1896mAM ' hRdayavINA ' chapAyeluM; sana 1914 mAM nUpurajha kAra'; sana 1915 mAM 'smaraNa saMhitA' e rIte krame krame kAvyagraMtha ApaNane temanA taraphathI maLatA rahyA che; ane te saghaLAM gujarAtI sAhityamAM sadA UMcuM sthAna jarUra leze. sana 1913 mAM prAMtika saMsAra sudhArA pariSada amadAvAdamAM emanA pramukhapada heThaLa maLI hatI, te prasaMge pramukha tarIke emaNe ApeluM vyAkhyAna samAjasudhArAnA siddhAMteA spaSTa rIte cavAnI sAthe, e hilacAla viSe naNavA jevI hakIkata noMdhe che. e vyAkhyAnanuM gujarAtI bhASAntara rA. sAkaralAla amaratalAla davee kareluM phAlguna 1969 nA 'vasanta'mAM pragaTa thayuM hatuM. sana 1915 mAM suratamAM maLelI pAMcamI gujarAtI sAhityapariSadnA pramukha tee nimAyalA. sana 1915 mAM muMbAi yunivarsiTI taraphathI vilsana kAilAlejIkala vyAkhyAne ApelAM; jenuM paheluM vAlyuma sana 1921 mAM bahAra paDayuM hatuM ane bIjuM haju presamAM che. vaLI A varSanI zarUAtamAM (AnyuArI, 1930) muMbAi yunivarsiTI taraphathI Thakkara vasanajI mAdhavajI vyAkhyAne gujarAtI sAhityapara emaNe ApyAM hatAM; ane te chapAine bahAra paDethI, gujarAtI sAhityanA abhyAsIne emanA anya lekhA mujaba mUlyavAna mAluma paDaze. jema navIna kavitA karIne gujarAtI sAhityamAM temaNe navIna bhAta pADI che, tema emanuM nAma emanA joDaNI niyamA mATe hameza yAda raheze. sana 1889 mAM e prazna emaNe upADele; temAMnA keTalAka muddAo pAchaLathI svIkArAi, sAmAnya rIte pracalita thai gayA cheH mAtra ''kAra ane tha'kAra viSe saheja matabheda hajI UbhA che; paNa eTaluM kahevuM joie ke emanI e pravRttinA pariNAme gujarAtI joDaNImAM eka niyamitatA ane zuddhi dAkhala thayelAM che. eja rIte premAnaMdanAM nATakA viSene emane nibaMdha, trIjI sAhitya pariSadamAM raju thayale, teNe e viSaya prati sAnuM sArI peThe dhyAna doryuM hatuM ane te kAraNe e carcAmAMthI keTaluMka navatIta prApta thayuM che, ema bezaka kahevuM paDaze. emanA abhinayakalA viSe nibaMdha bIjI sAhitya pariSadamAM rajI 105 14

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI thayo, te gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITI taraphathI judA pustakarUpe chapAya che ane thoDA samayamAM bahAra paDaze. eka vivecaka ane bhASAzAstrI hovA sAthe, teo eka samartha nibaMdha lekhaka che ane vartamAnapatro ane mAsikamAM kaI agatyano muddo AvatAM te para pitAne vicAra ane abhiprAya darzAvavAnuM teo bhAgyeja bhUlatA haze; eTalI badhI emanI najara cotarapha pharatI ane sarvadezI hoya che. pate ekezvaravAdamAM zraddhA rAkhe che ane custa prArthanAsamAja che. prArthanA maMdiramAM karelA emanA upadeze ane vyAkhyAnonI saMkhyA paNa meTI mAluma paDaze. emanA moTA putra zrIyuta prasannakumAra amadAvAdamAM polIsa phorsamAM che ane bIjA putra zrIyuta bhAI nalinakAnta pukhta umare pahoMce te agAu mRtyu pAmelA; paNa eTalI hAnI vaye emaNe pitAnI pAse je jJAna ane saMskAritAne amUlya vArasa meLavelo hato tene jhAMkho paricaya emanA lekho ane pro. beInanI vArtA (Digit of the Moon)nuM "IndukalA" nAme bhASAntara; "nUrajahAna' saradAra jogendrasiMhanI vArtAnuM bhASAntara; Poverty to Power nAmanA viSama graMthanAM prakaraNonAM bhASAntara, keTalAMka kAvyo che. dvArA karAvelo. evuMja zekakAraka mRtyu emanI maheTI putrI sau. UrmilAbahenanuM hatuM. teoe paNa pre. beinanI kathAnuM bhASAntara tathA kamalinI' vArtA (bhASAntara) gujarAtane ApyAM che. bIjI putrI sau. lavaMgikA bahena bI. e, ( philosophInA viSaya laIne) thayelA che ane temaNe "grIka sAhityanAM karUNarasa pradhAna nATakonI kathAo e nAmanuM pustaka aMgrejI parathI lakhyuM che, tathA "suvarNa kezI' nAmanuM bhASAntara vArtA pustaka prakaTa karyuM che. zrIyuta narasiMharAvanA prakIrNa nibaMdho ane vyAkhyAnano eka moTo saMgraha thavA jAya. eka bhAga "gujarAtI" prese manomukura' nAmathI prasiddha karyo che; bIjA lekhone saMgraha paNa saMgrahAI chapAvAnI AvazyaktA ke svIkAraze. emanA pustakanI yAdI kusumamALA (kAvyo) . i. sa. 1887 (prathama AvRtti); I. sa. 1918 (chaThThI AvRtti). 106

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narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA joDaNa (carcA) I. sa. 1888 (buddhiprakAzane vadhAre.) hRdayavINuM (kAvyo) . sa. 1896 (prathama AvRtti); I. sa. 1910 (dvitIya AvRtti) nUpura jhaMkAra (kAvyo) i. sa. 1914 (prathama AvRtti). i. sa. 1929 (dvitIya AvRtti). smaraNa saMhitA (kAvya) i. sa. 1915. pAMcamI sAhitya pariSadamAM pramukhasthAnethI vyAkhyAna I. sa. 1915. manamukura gadya lekhono saMgraha) i. sa. 1924. samaraNamukura (gadya rekhAcitro) i. sa. 1926. joDaNI (sAhitya pariSadamAM savistara nibaMdha) I. sa. 1905. Gujarati Language and Literature vol I. (Wilson Philological Lectures.) I. sa. 1921. che vol. II. (chapAya che.) Brahma Dharma (aMgrejI vyAkhyAna) i. sa. 1891. A sivAya chUTaka pustikAoH yA kSamA zAnti, bhakti ne nIti (be vyAkhyAno); lipi, zruti svara siddhAnta (saMgItanA eka kUTa praznanuM anveSaNa-ga. ge. barvenA nibandhanA avalokana rUpe ).. aMgrejI:1 Presidential address at the Provincial Social Conference held at Ahmedabad in 1913 A. D. 2 Several Contributions to the India Antiquary and J. B. B. R. A. S. on Gujarati Linguistics. 3 Kripabai, a short story in the East & West. 4 Introduction to Narayan Hemchandra's' Sayings of Sages." 5 Thakkar Vasanji Madhavji Lectures(five)delivered in January 1930.(To be published by the Bombay University. ) 107

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI na dAza'kara devaza'kara mahetA ee jJAtie sAThodarA nAgara gRhastha che, emanA janma tA. 23 mI gaSTa 1871 nA divase thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma devazaMkara nabhubhAi, je amadAvAda daskrAinA pahelA varganA mAmalatadAra hatA. mAtAnuM nAma khAi rUkSmiNI, je ullAsarAma arjunalAlanA putrI thAya. sva. ullAsarAme paNa mAmalatadArI bhAgavI, sarakAranI neAkarI sarasa rIte bajAvI, emane vizvAsa ane mAna saMpAdana karyAM hatAM, te emane maLelAM aneka saraTIphIkeTa ane patre parathI samajAya che. sva. kavi bAlAzaMkara emanA putra ane zrIyuta narmadAzaMkaranA mAmA thAya. sana 1889 mAM meTrIkanI parIkSA pAsa karI, tee gujarAta kAlejamAM dAkhala thayelA. sana 1894mAM bI., e. nI parIkSA bhASA (English and Sanskrit Literature) aicchika viSaya laIne uMce naMbare vaDAdarA kAlejamAMthI pAsa thatAM, temane gujarAta kaeNlejamAM dakSiNA phele nimavAmAM AvyA hatA. te vakhate prinsipAla AnaMdazaMkara kaeNlejamAM saMskRtanA adhyApaka hatA. temaNe emanAmAM saMskRti mATe abhiruci ane prema jAgRta karelA, te kAraNe tee adyApi emanA mATe gurUbhAva seve che. khI. e., nI parIkSAmAM temane saMskRtamAM bhAudAjI inAma rU. 200) nuM maLeluM, je inAma meLavanAra gaNyAMgAMThayAM gujarAtIe maLI Avaze ane teja varSe suna gAkuLajI jhAlA vedAMta prAijha muMbAi yunivarsiTI taraphathI harIphAi nibaMdha mATe maLyuM hatuM. tyAra pachI bIjIvAra teja prAijha harIphAimAM sane 1899 nI sAlanuM "advaita brahma siddhi" nAmanA graMthanA IMgrejI bhASAMtara badala temaNe meLavyuM hatuM. emanA priya viSayA dharma ane tattvajJAna che. tenA abhyAsa ane adhyayanamAM emane emane saMskRtanuM UMDuM jJAna ane vizALa vAcana hu madadagAra nivaDayAM che. sana 1896 mAM te revanyu khAtAmAM kalArka tarIke joDAyalA; ane e kArakajAmAMthI satata udyoga, khaMta, khabaradArI, jAta huMziyArI, je te viSaya paranuM prabhutva ane vidvattAne laine teo sarakArI nekarImAM, DepyuTI kalekaTaranA uMcA hAddA sudhI pahoMcyA hatA. emanI e tIvra buddhizakti ane muciApalya tema baheALA anubhavanI khyAtithI kheMcAi, muMbAI 108

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narmadAzaMkara devazaMkara mahetA kAraparezane emanI tenA DepyuTI kamizanara tarIke pasaMdagI karI hatI. tyAMnuM kAmakAja eTaluM saMtoSakAraka nivaDayuM hatuM ke teo nivRtta thayA pachI paNa keraparezane temane riphrencamenTa (kharcamAM kApakupa)nA kAma mATe pharI nimyA hatA, je eka uttama pramANapatra lekhAya; ane tenI vizeSa pratIti siTi mUvamenTa beDe rU. 2000 nA mAsika pagArathI emane muMbAI choDI jatAM jatAM tenA ekiTaMga cipha ophIsara tarIke nimaNuMka karI hatI, tethI thAya che. AthI jyAM jyAM ane jemanI hAtha nIce ane jemanI sAthe emane nokarI karavAnA ane kAma karavAnA prasaMgo paDelAM che. tyAM tyAM emane himeza yaza maLelo che ane emanA kAryanI ne sevAnI prazaMsA thayelI che, jenI khAtrI emane maLelAM saMkhyAbaMdha upalA adhikArIonA patro, TharAva ane saraTIphIkeTa karI Apaze. revanyu khAtuM ja evuM che ke tyAM bhalabhalo sarasvatI devIne upAsaka, tenI ArAdhanA ane sevAmAM zithila thaI jAya; eTalI badhI te karI vyavasAyI, zramabharI ane vyagratA karanArI che. paNa emanA saMbaMdhamAM khuzI thavA jevuM e che ke cAlu niyata kAryo ane anya vyavasAyamAMthI samaya meLavI, sarasvatI devInI satata ArAdhanA karavAnuM teo visaryA nathI. dakSiNa phela hatA tyAre sujJa gekuLajI jhAlA nibaMdha InAma maLeluM te pachI sana 1899 mAM cAlu nokarI sAthe pharI harIphAImAM utarI "advaita brahmasiddhi' e kaThina graMthano anuvAda karI, sadarahu inAma bIjIvAra meLaveluM. A vedAMta prAijha bevAra meLavanAra teja inAmanA saMbaMdhamAM prinsipAla AnaMdazaMkarabhAI sAthe sane 1918--18 nA arasAmAM muMbaI yunIvasaTI taraphathI parIkSaka nImAyA hatA. tyAra pachI emane lekhini pravAha satata vahete rahyo che. emanA prakIrNa lekhene saMgraha se savAsothI vadhu thavA jAya che, jemAMnA ghaNakharA lekhe dharma ane tattvajJAnane lagatAM che. A lekha ghaNAkharA zreyaH sAdhaka adhikArI varga taraphathI varSamAM be vAra prakaTa thatI "sadupadeza zreNI" mAM prasiddha thayA che. zrImana nRsiMhAcAryane teo pitAnA pUjyagurU mAne che ane zrI zreyaH sAdhaka adhikArI varga-maMDaLanI pravRttimAM bhAvapUrvaka mukhya bhAga le che, 109

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI jyAM emanuM pratApI vakatRtva tema gaMbhIra tAttvika vicAravALuM dhArmika pravacana, hameza asarakAraka ane AlhAdaka ane mananIya thaI paDe che. sAhitya prati kheMcANa emanA mAmA bAlAzaMkaranA sahevAsathI thayeluM. sana 1885 mAM temaNe "satInATaka' lakheluM; sana 1892-93 mAM toTakAcAryakRta "zrutisAra samuddharaNa" no anuvAda ane te pachI mahAkALamAM (vai. 12) appaya dikSitanA vairAgya zataka' no tarajumo chapAvelo. emanA svataMtra graMthamAM gu. va. sosAiTI mATe lakhI ApelAM 'hinda tattvajJAnane ItihAsa, be bhAgamAM; "akho', kamaLAzaMkara vyAkhyAnamALA aMge ApelAM vyAkhyAnono saMgraha, "suprajanana zAstra' sayAjI sAhityamALA mATe lakheluM ane "saMdhyAkarma vivaraNuM" "prAtaHkALa' nA taMtrI taraphathI prasiddha thayeluM e cArano samAveza thAya che; ane te badhAM uMcI keTinAM, mUlyavAna ane sthAyI upayoganAM graMtha che. suprajananazAstra e pustakane mULa kharaDo aMgrejImAM eka harIphAI nibaMdha mATe lakhAya; ane IglAMDanI yunikasa sosAITIe tene zreSTha gaNI InAma bakyuM hatuM. A uparAMta saMskRta, gujarAtI, tathA aMgrejI ghaNuM pustakonI aMgrejImAM temaNe samAlocanA The Indian Social Reformer tathA Indian Daily Mail karelI che. sthAnika svarAjya mATenuM emanuM kArya jANItuM che. revanyu khAtAmAM hatA tyArathI te mATe prayatna karatA rahyA che. te pachI amadAvAda myunisipAleTImAM cIpha ophIsara tarIke be vAra ane chevaTa muMbAI karaparezanamAM, nivRtti thatAM Agamaca DepyuTI kamikaranA oThA para rahI kAma kareluM, je ekamate prazaMsaniya gaNAyuM che. tattvajJAna ane dharmanA uMDA abhyAsI ane samartha ciMtaka tarIke emanI khyAti bahoLI che, ane navamI sAhitya pariSade emane dharmavibhAganA adhyakSa nImIne, pariSadanuM gaurava vadhAryuM hatuM. te sAthe teo prakhara vakatA che; eTale emanI vidvattA ane jJAnanI chApa zretA para uMDI paDI, temanA pratye mAnanI lAgaNI upajAve che. eo hAlamAM nivRtta thayelA che. ghaNokharo samaya abhyAsa ane lekhanakAryamAM ane je kAryamAM pitAne zarUAtathI zekha hato, te sthAnika 110

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narmadAzaMkara devazaMkara mahetA svarAjyamyunisipala kAryamAM vyatIta kare che. teo sarakAra niyukta myunisipala sabhya che; ane hamaNuM sTenDIMga kamiTInA adhyakSapade birAje che. sthAnika svarAjyanI IlAkAnI saMsthAnA ( Local self Govt. Institute) teo vAIsa presiDenTa che. amadAvAdamAM sthAnika saMsthAonA nokarone zikSaNa ApavAno kalAsa IlAkAnI uparanI saMsthA taraphathI kADhavAmAM Avyo che tenA teo cAlaka che, ane zikSaka paNa che. temaNe sosAITI taraphathI akhAta gItA, paMcIkaraNa ane gurUziSya e kAvyonuM saMzodhana karI, eka vistRta UghAta sAthe te eDiTa karavAnuM temaja upaniSad viSe eka svataMtra graMtha lakhI ApavAnuM svIkAryuM che. te sAthe emanA chUTaka lekho eka svataMtra graMtharUpe chapAya to tattvajJAnanA vAcakane temAMthI khacita ghaNuM jANavAnuM ane zikhavAnuM maLI Ave. emanA graMthonI yAdI 1. satI nATaka sana 1885 2. zrutisAra samudraNa [toTakAcArya ] sana 1892-93 3. vairAgya zataka 4. suprajananazAstra sana 1922-23 5. saMdhyA karma vivaraNa sana 1920-21 6. hiMda tattvajJAnane itihAsa pUrvArdha sana 1923-24 7. , , uttarArdha sana 1924-25 6. Evolution of the conception of Pranave 111

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI nadAza kara bAlAza kara paDayA ee rAjapIpaLAnA vatanI che; ane rAjapIpaLA-nAMdodamAM ja emanA janma tA. 30 mI oNgaSTa 1893 nA rAja thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma khAlAzaMkara kALAbhAI paMDayA ane mAtAnuM nAma ga`gAmAi kRpAza kara paMDayA che. emaNe bI. e., sudhI abhyAsa karyo che temaja sarakArI keLavaNI khAtAne esa. TI. sI., ne DiptheAmA paNa meLavyeA che. sana 1904 thI 1919 sudhI jajUdI jUdI skulAmAM zikSaka tarIke kAma kareluM; paNa gAMdhIjIe sarakArI zALAe asahakAra jAhera karatAM grAnTa-ina-eiDavALI skula sAthe saMbaMdha tyajI dai, pote asahakArI caLavaLamAM joDAyalA. sana 1926 sudhI suratanI vinayamaMdira zALAnA heDamAstara tarIke kAma kareluM: te pachI teo jAhera sevAkAryoMmAM paDelA che. hAlamAM satyAgrahanI laDAImAM surata jillA taraphathI eka mukhya kA kartA tarIke sarasa kAma karI rahyA che. emanA priya viSaya vaiSNava sAhityanA abhyAsa, khAsa karIne caitanya saMpradAyanA ane te mATe emaNe baMgALA, erisA Adi sthAne mAM pravAsa paNa karelA che. emanuM prathama kAvya sana 1904mAM buddhiprakAza'mAM AveluM; ane prathama graMtha pAgala haranAtha'-eka baMgALI sAdhu puruSanA patrA-- baMgALI parathI sana 1912mAM bahAra paDayA hatA. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH 1. pAgala heranAtha [baMgALAnA eka satanA bhakti viSayaka patrAnuM aMgALImAMthI bhASAMtara.] 2. zrIkRSNe caitanya bhA. 1 .. [sva. zazikumAra gheSakRta "amIya nimAi carita" nA cha bhAga paikI prathama bhAgane anuvAda.] 3. saMsAra daNu [sva. ramezacaMdra dattanI 'samAja' navalakathAne anuvAda.] 4. prANacikitsA 5. rAjASa azoka [baMgALI tathA visenTa smithanA IMgrejI graMthanA AdhAre] * aprakaTa che. i. sa. 1912 112 19 17 22 1913 1914 1915 1916 -17

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narmadAzaMkara bAlAzaMkara paMDayA 6. svAmI vivekAnaMda bhA. 4-5 1917-18 ["From Almora to Colombo" 4641411 aMgrejI pustakane anuvAda] 7. rAmakRSNa kathAmRta 1918-19 [ rAmakRSNa paramahaMsanA ziSya mAsTara "ja" kRta eja nAmanA baMgALI traNa graMthe pikI pahelA traNane anuvAda] 8. mahAna nepoliyana [ebaTa, baMkimacaMdra, lAhiDA tathA bIjAM IgrejI jIvanacaritronA AdhAre ] 9. rAjaga [svAmI vivekAnaMdanA vyAkhyAne]. 1924 10. yogatatva. 1925 [ amerikana lekhaka rAmacarakanA keTalAMka aMgrejI pustaka parathI saMkalita.] 11. gaurAMga mahAprabhu 1925 12. bhagavAna citanyadeva 13. premAvatAra catanyadeva 14. dhvajAropaNa athavA bAraDolIne dhanuSya TaMkAra [bAraDolI satyAgrahanI jUdI jUdI ghaTanAo nATakarUpe.] 1929 aprakaTa 113 15

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI narmadAzaMkara vallabhajI dvivedI. e jJAtie zrImALI brAhmaNa che. vatanI kAThiyAvADa, geMDala saMsthAnanA sarasAI gAmanA ane tyAMja emano janma tA. 26 mI okaTobara 1892 nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM pUruM nAma valabhajI kuMvarajI dvivedI ane mAtAnuM nAma rAmakuMvara che. eo meTrIka thayelA che; te pachI teo patrakAranA dhaMdhAmAM joDAyelA che. hAlamAM ATha varSathI muMbAImAM jANItA aThavADika patra "gujarAtI mAM madadanIza lekhakanuM kAma kare che. emane abhyAsano priya viSaya itihAsa che ane phaoNrbasa sabhAe e kAraNe "gujarAtanAM aitihAsika sAdhana saMgraha bhA. 1, 2 eDiTa karavAnuM emane suprata karyuM hatuM. "rASTrIya jIvana" e nAmanI eka navalakathA marAThI parathI emaNe lakhelI che, ane gujarAtI, be ghaDI moja, hindustAna, vagere patromAM teo avAranavAra TuMkI vArtAo, navalakathA, DiTekaTIva vArtA vagere lakhatA rahe che. emanA graMthonI yAdI rASTrIya jIvana sana 1927 gujarAtanAM aitihAsika sAdhane bhA. 1, 2 sana 1928 114

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navalarAma jagannAtha trivedI navalarAma jagannAtha trivedI ee jJAtie audicya brAhmaNa che; emanA pitAnuM nAma jagannAtha umiyAzaMkara trivedI ane mAtAnuM nAma khAI ujama che. emanuM vatana vaDhavANa sITI che; ane emane janma tA. 11 mI ekaTembara 1895 nA rAja thayA hatA. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa temaNe vaDhavANa kempanI zALAmAMja lIdhuM hatuM. sana 1914 mAM teo meTrikamAM pAsa thai, gujarAta kAlejaamadAvAda-mAM vadhu abhyAsa mATe joDAyA hatA. sana 1920 mAM te bI. e., thayA; ne te pachI lAlaza Mkara gujarAta mahilA pAThazALAmAM adhyApaka tarIke rahyA, jyAM hajI kAma kare che. pAThazALAnA kAmakAja sAthe ema. e., ne AgaLa abhyAsa karI sana 1926 mAM te DIgrI meLavI hatI; ane vacagALe sana 1923mAM muMbAi yunivarsiTInA inAmI nibaMdha "gujarAtamAM sane 1848 thI 1914 sudhImAM thayela samAja sudhArAnI pragati" e mATe harIphAi karI nArAyaNu paramAnaMda prAIjha meLavyuM hatuM. emanA priya viSayA sAhitya, samAjazAstra ane poliTIksa che; temaja aMgALI, marAThI, hiMdI ane saMskRta vagerene sAre| paricaya dharAve che. sAhitya pratinI emanI abhiruci ane gADha abhyAsanA kAraNe temane gujarAtI sAhitya sabhAnA maMtrI nimavAmAM AvyA hatA, je pade gaye varSe mAMdA paDI, peAtAnA gAma gayA tyAM sudhI rahyA hatA. mAsikeAmAM teo avAranavAra lekha lakhI meAkale che. emanA graMthAmAM " kArAvAsanI kahANI,'' zrRMgALI pustakAnA AdhAre lakhAyaluM rAjakIya viSayanuM pustaka jANItuM ane vAMcavA jevuM che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH kArAvAsanI kahANI khATAdakaranAM kAvyA 115 sana 1921 sana 1923

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI nhAnAlAla dalaparAma kavi ema. e., ee arvAcIna gujarAtanA eka mukhya vidhAyaka ane nAmAMkita kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAinA ceAthA putra, nAte zrImALI brAhmaNa che. emane janma saM. 1933 mAM caitra zuda 1 guDI paDavAnA divase amadAvAdamAM thayA hatA. emaNe prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa amadAvAdamAMja lIdheluM; paNa vidyArthI avasthAmAM emaNe mApatAne teAphAna mastIthI raMjADelAM, tethI keTalAka samaya emane sva. preA. kAzIrAma davenI pAse meAbImAM rAkhavAmAM AvelA; ane emanI sAthenA sahavAsanI asarathI emanA jIvanapalaTA thayA. pitAne peAte nhAnapaNamAM saMtApelA tene pazcAttApa emaNe 'bhagavaddagItA'ne anuvAda temane arpaNa karatAM, apaNu patrikAmAM, pUjya uMDI lAgaNI bharyAM zabdomAM karyAM che, je enI sarasatAthI gujarAtI sAhityamAM ciraMjIva raheze., temaja prA. vene kAvyAnA bIjA bhAganA aNumAM arpelI nivApAMjali paNa eTalIja suMdara banI che ane emanA pratyenI pUjya gurUbhakti bhAvabhInA hradaye asarakAraka rIte, temAM vyakta thaI che. sana 1893 mAM meTrIka thai, ee elaphinsTana kaoNlejamAM joDAyA, ne 1896 mAM gujarAta kAlejamAM AvyA, 1898 mAM pitAnA mRtyu pachI Dekana kAlejamAM gayA, ane sana 1899 mAM khI. e. nI parIkSA philAsArI ane lAjIka aicchika viSaya laine khIjA vargamAM pAsa karI. sana 1901 mAM ema. e., nI parIkSA hisTrI, poliTikala IkAnAnI ane poliTeksa viSaya laIne pAsa karI. te pachI sana 1902 mAM ee sAdarA raaATa skaoNlejamAM rU. 80 nA pagArathI prathama heDamAstara nimAyA ane sana 1904 mAM emanI rAjakeATa rAjakumAra kaoNlejamAM prephesara tarIke rU. 150 nA pagArathI badalI thai. A jagA para teo sana 1913 sudhI rahyA hatA. te arasAmAM emanA kAryathI prasanna thaI rAjakoTanA nareza sva. sara lAkhAjI rAje sarakAra pAsethI emanI nAkarI uchItI lai emane sara nyAyAdhiza nimyA. prasaMgeApAt divAnanuM kAya` emane sAMpAtuM hatuM.tyAMthI pAchA pharatAM rAjakumAra kAlejamAM te vAsa prinsipAla ane sana 1919 mAM ejansI ejyukezana ApIsara thayA hatA. paNa sana 1921 mAM dezamAM rASTrIya hilacAlanuM je pUra pharI vaLyuM temAM yathAzakti phALA ApavA ee paNa tatpara banyA ane 1921 nA nave 116

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hAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi aramAM kalakattAmAMnA atyAcArone kAraNe sarakAranI tyAranI rAjanItinA virodha tarIke pote pagAra ke penzananI paravA karyA vinA rAjInAmuM ApyuM. nivRtta thayA pachI teo amadAvAdamAM AvI rahyA che. emanuM lAMbu kAvya "vasantotsava' sana 1899 mAM prathama "jJAna sudhA'mAM Dolana zailImAM prakaTa thayuM tyAre sAhitya duniyAmAM kaMika Azcarya sAthe pratyAghAta thayo hato. e navIna DAlana zailInI sAme ekasa varga viruddha abhiprAya dharAve che tema chatAM gujarAtI kAvyasAhityamAM, temaNe navIna mArga kholyA che, ane te emanAM kAvyanI viziSTatA thaI paDI che. emanA rAsa paNa dayArAmanI garabInI peThe gujarAtI janatAmAM atyaMta AkarSaka nivaDyA che; ane bIjA aneka lekhakoe enuM anukaraNa karyuM che, te emanA rAsenI saphaLatA tema lokapriyatA sUcave che. vaLI prAzcAtya geya kAvyanuM ekaluM anukaraNa ke bhASAMtara na karatAM, janAM pracalita lokagItanA rAha laI navIna kAvya-garabI ane rAsa racI emaNe gujarAtI kAvyasAhityane temAM mAdhurya, prasAda, padalAlitya ane tAlabaddhatA ANI, samRddha karyuM che; ane tenI rasikatA ane bhAva, rasa ane kalpanAnI tarabolatAnA kAraNe emane arvAcIna gujarAtI kaviomAM agrasthAne mUkavAmAM Ave che. eka kavi tarIke emaNe sArI kIrti ane pratiSThA prApta karyo che; eTaluM ja nahi paNa gujarAtImAM svataMtra nATaka racIne pote cirasthAyI sthAna meLavyuM che. vAcakavargamAM evA thoDAka ja manuSya haze, jeo emanI kRtio, Idu kumAra" ane "jayA jayantathI thoDA ghaNe aMze paNa paricita nahi hoya. e nAma gujarAtI janatAmAM sarva sAmAnya thaI paDyAM che; ane emanA anya graMtha, vizvagItA, premakuMja, rAjarSi bharata, jahAMgIra nUrajahAMnamAM paNa emanI tejasvI kalama jhaLakI rahe che temaja emanI bIjI keTalIka kRtio haju aprasiddha paDelI che, te mATe rasika vAcakavarga utsukatApUrvaka rAha jue che. ApaNe ahiM lAMbAM ke vIra rasanAM kAvyonA lekhako thoDAka ja maLI Ave che. paNa emaNe hamaNAM kurukSetra-mahAbhAratanA saMgrAmanuM eka vIra kAvya I. sa. 1926 thI chapAvavA mAMDayuM che, jenA cha kAMDa prakaTa thaI cUkyA che. e mahAkAvyanI kadara karIne bhAvanagara rAjya i. sa. 1930 thI kavizrIne rU. 500 nuM varSAsana bAMdhI ApyuM che. sana 1927mAM emanI suvarNa jyubili nimita, gujarAtanA mukhya 117

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI mukhya zaheromAM samAraMbha racAI, emane mAna apAyuM hatuM, te darzAve che ke gujarAtI prajAne emanA prati keTale badhe cAha ane sadabhAva che. khare, emanI apUrva kavitvazakti, samartha lekhanazailI, tejasvI buddhi ane naisargika racanAne kAraNe emanuM sthAna gujarAtI sAhityamAM ane khuM che; ane vIsamI sadInA sAhityanI prathama trIzIne nhAnAlAla yuganuM upanAma apAya che te vAjabI che ane te lekhakanA mATe khacita mAnabharyuM che. nIce emanA graMthanI yAdI ApI che, te parathI joI zakAya che ke amuka aMtare emanI kalamamAMthI navIna kRtio niyamita rIte jharatI rahI che ane te pravAha haju cAlu che, e ochuM AnaMdajanaka nathI. emanA graMthanI yAdI 1 keTalAMka kAvya, bhA. 1 le (be AvRttio) sana 1903 2 rAjasUtronI kAvya tripuSTi - 1903-05-11 3 vasaoNtsava (traNa AvRttio ) 1905 4 keTalAMka kAvyo bhA. 2 je (be AvRttio ) 1908 5 indu kumAra, aMka 1lo (traNa AvRttio ) 1909 6 bahAnA bahAnA rAsa, bhAga 1lo (cha AvRttio) 1910 7 zrImad bhagavadgItA, samalokI 1910 8 jayA-jayanta (cAra AvRttio ) 1914 9 meghadUta samokI 1917 10 uSA (pAMca AvRttio) 1918 11 citradarzane 1921 12 rAjarSi bharata (be AvRttio ) 1922 13 premakuMja (be AvRttio ) 14 premabhakti-bhajanAvali 15 sAhitya manthana 16 vaiSNavI SaDaza grantha, samazlokI (be AvRttio) 1925 17 zakuntalAnuM saMbhAraNuM, samazloko (be AvRttio) 1926 18-19 yugapalaTo ane mahA sudarzana (be AvRttio ) , 1927 20 udhana (be AvRttio) 21 ardha zatAbdinA anubhava bela (be AvRttio ) , 118 >> 1924

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nahAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi 1928 22 saMsAra maLyuna (be AvRttio ) 23 vizvagItA (be AvRttio ) 24 indu kumAra, aMka 2 (be AvRttio ) 25 nhAnA nhAnA rAsa, bhAga 2 (be AvRttio ). 26 gItamaMjarI 27 jahAMgIra-nUrajahAna 28-29 yodhaparva ane pratijJATha% (be AvRttio ) 30 kurukSetra ekAdazakAMDa, zarazayA 31 kurukSetraH dvitIyakAMDa, hastinApura nirdoSa 1929 1930. 119

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI nRsi'haprasAda kAlidAsa bhaTTa ee jJAtie praznArA brAhmaNa; vatanI bhAvanagaranA ane janma paNa tyAMja saMvat 1939 nA kArtika zuda ekama-navA esatA varSe thaye hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma kAlidAsa cheTAlAla bhaTTa ane mAtAnuM nAma Adimhena hIrAlAla paDayA che. eee bhAvanagaramAM ja badhuM zikSaNa lIdheluM. sana 1899 mAM meTrIka thayA pachI zAmaLadAsa kAlejamAM tee joDAyalA. sana 1903 mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA vedAnta ane aMgrejI sAhitya aicchika viSaya laine pAsa karI hatI. ema. e. mAM emane aicchika viSaya zAMkaravedAnta ane aMgrejI sAhitya hatA ane te DIgrI sana 1987mAM lIdhI, te pachI teoe keLavaNI khAtA taraphathI esa. TI. sI. DI. ne DiplAmA meLavyA hatA. sana 1908 mAM emanI nimaNuMka bhAvanagaranI zAmaLadAsa kAlejamAM itihAsa ane arthazAstranA adhyApaka tarIke thaI hatI; paNa cAlu zikSaNapaddhati khAmIbharelI ane apUNaeN jaNAvAthI, tema temAM dhArmika saMskAra pASavAne kaMi paNa vyavasthA vA yeAjanA nahi hovAthI temanuM mana te parathI uThI gayaluM; ane jemaNe emanA jIvana para prabaLa asara karelI ane emanA dhArmika jIvananA vikAsa karelA evA jANItA AcArya zrIman nathurAma zarmAnI sahAnubhUti ane sakriya sahAyatA meLavI, sana 1910 mAM dakSiNAmUrti vidyArthI bhavananI zarUAta karelI. te kAya mATe emaNe peAtAnI adhyApaka tarIkenI mAnavALI jagA cheADI dai, sadarahu sevAkAryaM eka jIvanakarttavya tarIke svIkAryuM; ane te pAchaLa emane bhAga-svApaNu-khacita emanA mATe atyaMta mAnanI lAgaNI tema pUjya bhAva prakaTa kare che. te pachI e saMsthA emanA netRtva nIce phUlIphAlI che; te eka keLavaNInI prayAgazALA thai paDI che; ane e saMsthAmAM thatuM kAya navI keLavaNI pravRttinuM eka kendra banI rahI, tenI asara ane prabhAva samasta gujarAta para paDatA rahyA che, tene yaza vAstavika rIte emane ane emanA sAthIone ghaTe che. dakSiNAmUrti bhavana eka svataMtra zikSaNasaMsthA che. te gujarAta vidyApITha sAthe nikaTa saMbaMdha dharAve che, jenA tee eka vakhate vAisa cAnse lara-kulanAyaka hatA. dakSiNAmUrti bhavananA gRhapati tarIke emane je anu 120

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nRsiMhaprasAda kAlidAsa bhaTTa = bhava thayelA, tethI prerAIne emaNe chAtrAlaya pravRtti AraMbhelI; ane tenA aMge eka mAsika patrikA "chAtrAlayanA nAme kADhe che. vaLI keLavaNuM vicAra ane siddhAMtanA pracAra arthe nikaLatuM emanuM "dakSiNAmUrti trimAsika kharekhara ajoDa che; ane enuM mUlya ApaNo zikSakavarga ane ane zikSita varga dhIme dhIme samajato thayo che, e ApaNA bhAvi udayanuM eka zubha cihna che. A badhA vyavasAya sAthe, e vidyArthIone kevAM pustakanI jarUra hoya che, te barAbara samajI laIne pitAne bacata samaya lekhanakAryamAM gALe che; ane emaNe e rIte lakhelAM pustaka nIce mujaba cheH saMskRta prathama pustaka I. sa. 1919 ApaNA dezane itihAsa bhA. 1 1919 saMskRta dvitIya pustaka 1920 ApaNA dezane itihAsa bhA. 2 120 saMskRta paricaya paddhati 1910 hajharata mahammada payagambara 1920 chAtrAlaya kamizanane ahevAla 1927 hindu dharmanI AkhyAyikAo 1928 sUtaputra karNa 1929 pAMcAlI 1930 121

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI = pAlanajI barajorajI desAI ee navasArInAM vatanI che; emane janma navasArImAM dezAIvADamAM sana 1851 mAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma barajorajI pAlana desAI ane mAtAnuM nAma behamanabAI navarojajI desAI che. sana 1872 mAM emaNe meTrikyulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. sana 1874 mAM "rAsta gatAramAM joDAyelA te nivRtta thayA sudhI enI sAthe saMbaMdha jArI rahele. lagabhaga aThThAvIsa varSa sudhI saba-eNDiTara tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM ane sana 1902 thI 1916 mAM rITAyara thayA tyAM sudhI teo tenA taMtrI rahyA hatA. A 42 varSanI lAMbI mudata daramiyAna eka patrakAra tarIke kaThina kArya-kartavya karavAnI sAthe temaNe sana 1880 thI 1900 sudhI nare ema' nAmanuM mAsika calAvyuM hatuM; eTaluM ja nahi paNa emanA graMtho, jenI saMkhyA Azare tetrIsanI che, te lakhyA ane sAthe sAthe bhASaNa, paracuraNa lekho vagere lakhyAM hatAM, e badhA parathI emanI zakti, jJAna, vAcana ane udyogane sarasa khyAla maLaze. emanI e lAMbI sAhityasevA ane eka patrakAra tarIkenI sevAnI kadara prajAe emane sana 1926 mAM eka jAhera meLAvaDe karI emane rU. 9000 nI eka parsa arpaNa karIne karI hatI; e emanI bahoLI lokapriyatAnI ane kIrtinI acUka nizAnI che. vaLI emane emanA graMtha mATe hindu, pArasI ane islAmI gRhasthA taraphathI jUdI jUdI vakhate InAmanI sArI rakamo maLI hatI; ane "rAsta gophatAra patranA mAlika mesarsa beharAmajI pharadunajI nI kaMpanIe paNa emane chUTA thatI vakhate rU. 500) nuM eNnarerIama bakSI, emanA kAryathI saMtoSa dAkhavyo hato. emanA priya viSayo itihAsa, daMtakathA ane gujarAtI bhASA zuddhi che. emanA graMtha ja emanA vizALa vAcana ane uMDA abhyAsanI sAkSI puraze. vadhAre khuzI thavA jevuM e che ke ghaNAM varSothI zuddha gujarAtI lakhavAnI teo himAyata karatA AvyA che; ane pArasI lekhako para enI sArI asara nathI thaI ema te nahija kahI zakAya. gujarAtI patrakAritvane khIlavavAmAM ane te patrakAritvanI ucI paraMparA ubhI karavAmAM emane hisse thaDe nathI. eka bAhoza taMtrI tarIke emanuM nAma jANItuM che; ane eka vidvAna ane graMthakAra tarIke paNa emaNe sArI pratiSThA ane mAna meLavyAM che. 122

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pAlanajI barajorajI desAI emanA graMthe vidhavidha ane aneka che, ane e ja emanuM jIvaMta smAraka che. tenI yAdI nIce pramANe cheH aitihAsika 1. tavArIkhe sAsAnIAna 1880 2. tavArIkhe hakhAmanIAna 11889 3. tArIkhe sAhAne IrAna 1896 4. tavArIkhe kayAnIAna 1916 dhArmika 5. saroza ijada [inAmI nibaMdha) . sa. 1883 6. jastI javAhare [inAmI nibaMdha.] 1900 7. navuM jarAsta nAmu [IgrejI anuvAda.] 1900 8. aSo jaratosta 1915 9. hanavada gAthAnuM jarastI zikSaNa [igrejI bhASAMtara.] 1921 10. pharaharanAmu; yAne-phavaSinI philasuphI 1929 paracuraNa pArasI graMthA, 11. zAhajAdo zApura (nATaka) . sa. 1882 12. navasArInA moTA dezAI khAnadAnanI tavArIkha 1887 13. purAtana jamAnAnA pArasIo 1888 14. dilakhuza athavA ramuje phurasata 1892 15. arekhyana Telsa-daphatara 1 luM 1897 16. , - , 2 je 1907 17. kIsse saMjANa athavA saMjANanuM pArasI saMsthAna 1908 18. ahevAle rAhanumAe mAjadayasnAna 1921 19. gule anAra (pArasI ane hiMdusaMsArasudhArAnI vArtA-kAvyamAM) 1927 | navalakathAo 20. pharaMgIja athavA vAMdhAmAM paDelAM vAre 1873 21. caMDALa cokaDI 1875 22. paisAnA pujArIo yAne cerane piTale dhULa , 1917 * naM. 20 thI 33 sudhInI navalakathAo judAM judAM mAsika ane vartamAnapatramAM prakaTa thayelI che. 123

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. 23. beharAma gUra yAne kanojanI rAjakumArI 1918 24. pharate AsmAna yAne aMtaHkaraNane DaMkha 1919 25. zIravAnanI nekanAmI yAne majadakI paMthakI nAbudI , 1919 26. khudAno lAla yAne pase vadhate ke baMde? 1920 27. takadIrane tIra yAne takadIra caDhe ke tadabIra ? 1921 28. ardazIra bAbekAna 1921 29. khusara paviMja bhA. 1 1922 30. , , bhA. 2 1924 31. , , bhA. 3 1925 32. behadeluM vAjuM athavA jAta para bhAta 1923 33. joDiyA bhAIo athavA e te bahena 1925 A uparAMta temaNe 40 thI vadhu jAhera vyAkhyAno itihAsa, gujarAtI bhASA, jarastI dharma para judI judI maMDaLIo taraphathI ApelAM che temaja aneka aitihAsika vagere lebo lakhyAM che. 124

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prAMNajIvana vizvanAtha pATheka prANajIvana vizvanAtha pATheka ee praznArA nAgara brAhmaNa; mULa vatatI bheALAdanA (tA. dheALakA), ane janma gAma khaMbhALIA kAThiyAvADamAM tA. 22 mI AgaSTa 1898 nA rAja thayA hatA. rAjakATa haMTara mela TreniMga kelejamAMthI je uttama skekare nikaLyA che ane nAma kADhyuM che, temAM vizvanAtha sadArAma pAThaka agrasthAna le che. emanA sAthI nhAnA putra te prANajIvanabhAi; ane rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka te emanA vaDila baMdhu. pitAnA badhA unnatta ane uttama saMskAre| tema lekhanavAcananA zekha putrAne sAMpaDayAM che. tee sana 1914 nA navembaramAM meTrIka thai kAlejanuM paheluM deDha va` temaNe vaDedarAmAM gALyuM. yunIvarsITInAM Tama badalAyAM tethI vadhArAnA cha mAsa daramIAna temaNe tyAMnI lAyabrerIneA khUba upayAga karyo tenI asara temanA jIvana upara uMDI rahI gaI che. kAlejanAM chellAM 3 varSa temaNe kgyusanamAM gALyAM ane sana 1919 mAM temaNe Anasa sAthe bI. e., nI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. emane aicchika viSaya philasurI hateA vidyArthI avasthAmAMthI tee bahu caMcaLa ane buddhizALI mAluma paDelA; ane te lakSamAM rAkhIne sva. maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTe, khAnagImAM eka prasaMge kaheluM, emanA viSe bhaviSya bhAkheluM, ke AgaLa jatAM enI vidvattAthI e jhaLakI uThaze. ema kahevuM atizayeAkita bharyuM nathI, ke navA ugatA lekhakeAmAM emaNe potAnA lekheAthI uttama chApa besADI che; jemAM emane sUkSma abhyAsa ane ciMtana dRSTigocara thAya che. e peAtAnA viSayamAM eTalA pAraMgata che ke tattvajJAna, mAnasazAstra, bhAtikazAstra (AinsTAina) ane saMgIta jevA gUDha ane kaThina viSayeAnuM spaSTIkaraNa te bahu saralatAthI karI zake che. emanA priya viSaye| samAjazAstra, tattvajJAna ane citta-mAnasazAstra che, kheda mAtra e che ke emanA abhyAsane anukULa ane uttejaka thaI paDe, evI neAkarI emane sAMpaDI nadhI; tema chatAM jemane abhyAsa pratye prIti che te peAtAne rUcatI ane baMdhabesatI pravRtti kAine kAI zeAdhI le che. vaLI mija lise philasuphAnanI sthApanA emanI evI vRttinuM pariNAma che. vastutaH ene ubhu karanAra ee ja che; ane e emanuM priya bALaka- saMsthA che. jANItA nATakakAra IbsananA DIlsa hAusane anuvAda DhIMgalI" e 125

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI nAmathI emaNe sana 1925 mAM prakaTa karelo che; ane te pustaka lokadara pAmyuM che. enA AgalA varSe sana 1924 mAM "anaMtA" nAmanuM temanuM bIjuM eka nATaka paNa "AraNyaka' nA nAmathI yugadharma granthamALAmAM prasiddha thayuM hatuM, paNa temAMnI viSaya-vastu kaMIka kaThina hoIne "DhIMgalI" jeTaluM te jANItuM thayuM nathI. emanA lekhamAM ciMtana ane abhyAsa bane najare paDe che ane emanAM ekAMkI nATakone saMgraha thaI eka pustaka rUpe bahAra paDe te te jarUra janatAnuM-vAcakanuM dhyAna kheMce ane lokapriya nivaDe. emanA graMthanI yAdI: anaMtA (AraNyaka) nATaka] sana 1924 DhIMgalI (anuvAda) [nATaka] sana 1925

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pipaTalAla goviMdalAla zAha papaTalAla geviMdalAla zAha e mULa amadAvAdanA vatanI; jJAte vIzA poravADa mezrI vaNika che. emane janma sana 1888 mAM 9 mI Disembare vaDodarAmAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma govidalAla kazanadAsa ane mAtAnuM nAma bAI rukimaNuM che. emaNe zarUAtanuM prAthamika temaja mAdhyamika zikSaNa vaDodarA ane amadAvAda baMne zaheramAM lIdheluM. sana 1902 mAM meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, teo vaDodarA kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayelA. sana 1907 mAM vilasana kelejamAMthI bI. e. nI parIkSA vijJAna' achika viSaya laIne pahelA vargamAM pAsa karI hatI, te vakhate temane yunivarsiTI taraphathI vijJAnamAM prathama sthAna meLavavA mATe nArAyaNa vAsudeva skolarazIpa ane itihAsa ane arthazAstranA viSayomAM uMcA mArkasa meLavavA mATe jemsa Telara prAIjha ApavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. sana 1908 mAM rasAyana bhU-vidyA sAthe bI. esasI. nI parIkSA ane sane 1909mAM ema.e. nI parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thayA hatA. bI. e. mAM pahelA vargamAM AvyAthI be varSa sudhI vilsana kolejamAM dakSiNa phelo nimAyA hatA; eTaluM ja nahi paNa trIje varSe koleja taraphathI (sana 1910 mAM) temane rasAyanavidyA ane bhravidyA zikhavavAnuM soMpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te pachI lAhoramAM phezana krizciyana kaeNlejamAM rasAyanazAstranA vyAkhyAtA teo nimAyA hatA ane tyAM sana 1914 sudhI nokarImAM rahyA hatA. e kAmanI sAthe emaNe sarakArI IDiyana eNDiTa ane ekAunTa khAtAnI harIphAInI parIkSA uMcA naMbare pAsa karavAthI temane sarakArI nokarImAM levAmAM AvyA hatA ane hAlamAM teo e khAtAmAM muMbAinA DepyuTI ekAnTanTa janaralane edhe bhagave che. e mAna meLavanAra teo pahelA gujarAtI che. hisAbI khAtAmAM paDavA chatAM emano vijJAna pratine prema vA abhyAsa e che thayo nathI; ane te viSayane janatAmAM lokapriya karavA sArU teo yathAzakti prayatna karatA rahe che. sane 1910 mAM emane muMbaI yunivarsiTI taraphathI sara jyorja la grAnDa jekaba prAIjha, "ogaNasamA zatakano hindI udyogane itihAsa lakhavA mATe, maLyuM hatuM. sana 1912 mAM esabarnara prAIjha hindamAM trAMbA, pItaLa ane elyumInIamanA udyogo viSe nibaMdha lakhavA mATe 127

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI maLyuM hatuM. te uparAMta hiMdI rasAyanika udyoga vagere viSaya upara hiMdI audyogIka pariSadamAM temaNe nibaMdha lakhI mokalyA hatA. te parathI e viSayamAM teo keTalA uMDA utarelA che ane pAraMgata che, ene sahaja khyAla Avaze. | gujarAtI mAsikamAM prasaMgopAta vijJAna viSe emanA lekho AvatA rahe che. evA emanA lekhone eka saMgraha, pariSada bhaMDoLa kamiTI taraphathI "vijJAna vinoda" e nAmathI jUdA pustaka rUpe prakaTa thayelo che. vijJAnanA vicAro ane vijJAnanuM vAstavika svarUpa, ItihAsa ane tatvajJAnanI daSTie samajAvanAruM temanuM eka svataMtra pustaka gujarAta varnAkayulara sosAiTI taraphathI "vijJAna vicAra" e nAmathI prasiddha thayuM che, te uparAMta gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA aMge vijJAna samiti sthApavAmAM ane nibhAvavAmAM temaNe AgaLa paDate bhAga lIdho hato ane vijJAnane lokapriya karavAnA emanA chUTAchavAyA prayatna neMdhavAyogya che. hamaNAM ja temanA taraphathI vijJAnanA judA judA viSayo para uttama nibaMdha lakhI mokalanArane cAra InAmo dareka rU. 100, 100 nA ApavAnI yojanA bahAra AvI hatI, te batAve che ke vijJAnanA pracAra mATe teo keTalI utsukatA dharAve che. emanA pustakonI yAdI vijJAna vinoda sana 1927 vijJAna vicAra sana 1929 128

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baTubhAI lAlabhAI umaravADiyA baTubhAI lAlabhAI umaravADiyA eo anAvila jJAtinA che. emanA pitA lAlabhAI aMbArAma suratanA DisTrIkaTa DepyuTI kalekaTara hatA ane hAlamAM penazana upara che. -surata pAsenA sacIna sTeTanA veDachI gAme emanA mosALamAM emano janma sana 1899 mAM tA. 13 mI julAInA roja thayo hato. emanuM vatana surata che. eoe prAthamika temaja mAdhyamika keLavaNI surata, bharUca tathA amadAvAda jIllAnI tathA muMbAInI nizALomAM lIdhI hatI; ane elphInsTana tathA vilasana kolejomAMthI sana 1919 mAM bI. e; nI DIgrI meLavI hatI. teo ela ela. bI; thayA che ane eDavokeTa tarIke suratamAM vakIlAtano dhaMdho kare che. te agAu keTalAka samaya sarakArI khAtAmAM lebara ophIsamAM amadAvAda ane muMbaImAM lebara pespekaTaranA hoddA para sane 1923 thI 1926 sudhI hatA paNa vadhAre sArA bhaviSya mATe e nokarI choDI daI, ela ela. bInI parIkSA ApI hatI. te agAu khAnagI peDhIomAM menejara vagereno hedo temaNe bhogavelo. kolejano abhyAsakrama pUro thatAM pahelAM temaNe sAhityakSetramAM prayAsa karela; eTalo tIva e viSaya prati emano anurAga hato. sana 1920 mAM emaNe "cetana" nAmanuM mAsika suratamAMthI prakaTa karavA mAMDeluM; ane tenA nAma pramANe temAMnA lekhamAMthI navuM cetana nijharatuM hatuM. vaLI chevaTanA bhAgamAM tenuM bAhya ane AMtara aMga-svarUpa sudhAravA emaNe puSkaLa zrama ane kharca sevyo hato, paNa navI yojanAne ekaja aMka bahAra paDyo eTalAmAM sarakArI nokarI maLavAthI te mAsika baMdha karavuM paDeluM. cetana" sAthe zrImatI snA bena sarakhA sahataMtrI maLelA. vida' nAmanuM bIjuM navuM mAsika kADheluM te paNa "cetana" sAthe baMdha thayeluM. sana 1929mAM emane taMtrIpada heThaLa "sudarzana" nAmanuM sAptAhika suratamAMthI prakaTa thavA mAMDeluM ane emanA vyakitatvanI chApa emAM najare paDatI paNa DAka mAsamAM teo kAmanA dabANanA kAraNe temAMthI chUTA thayA hatA. A samaya daramiyAna emanI TUMkI vArtAothI ane nATakothI emaNe sArI kIti ane nAmanA meLavyAM hatAM; ane tenI maulikatAnA sababe rA. rAmamehanarAye, emanI TUMkI vArtAono saMgraha, "suMdarIsubedha" nA grAhakone bheTa ApavA sArU vAtanuM vanae nAmathI prakaTa karyo hate. 129 17

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI emanAM nATake matsyagaMdhA vagere eka pustakarUpe prakaTa thayAM tyAre kaumudI' nA taMtrIe tene zakavatI graMtha tarIke satkAra karyo hata; jANItA sAkSara zrI narasiMharAve, emanA "lomaharSiNa nATakanI vasanta" mAM samAlocanA karI, gujarAtI janatAnuM emAMnA naisargika tatva prati dhyAna doryuM hatuM. te pachI racAelAM emanAM nATaka kemudIkAre "mAlAdevI' e nAmathI prasiddha karyo che, ane te badhAM lokapriya nivaDyAM che. navA lekhakemAM emanuM sthAna uMcuM jaNAze. emanI keTalIka kRtio muMbAI yunivarasITInI ema. e., nI parIkSA tathA sAhitya candraka vigere parIkSA mATe niyata karavAmAM Ave che, e lekhaka mATe mAnAspada kahevAya. emanA granthanI yAdIH saMsAra 1918 rasa gIta 1920 vAtanuM vana 1924 masyagaMdhA ane bIjAM nATaka 1925 mAlAdevI ane bIjAM nATaka 1927 10

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aLava tarAya kalyANarAya dAkAra baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkara e vIzA brahmakSatriya jJAtinA, bharUcanA vatanI che. emanA pitA kalyANarAya caturbhujadAsanI aTaka sehenI hatI, te parathI ema samajAya che ke emaNe zarUAtamAM potAnA lekhe, kAvyA " sehenI '' e upanAmathI lakhavA mAMDelAM. emane janma bharUcamAM AzA vada 3-4 vi. saM. 1925-23 mI ekaTAbara 1869 ne zanivAre thayA hatA. emanA mAtAnuM nAma jamanAsna, jee vakIla gaNapatarAma goviMdarAma DhAkAranA meTA putrI thAya. prAthamika zikSaNa bharUcamAM ane rAjakeTamAM emanA pitAnI tyAM takarI hAi, lIdheluM. rAjakeTamAM emanI mAtA pAsethI kathAvArtA sAMbhaLavAne temane kevA ajaba raMga lAgeleA tene kaiMka paricaya ApaNane kArDiyAvADanI leAkavArtAo bhA. 1 mAM emaNe lakhelA UpAdhdhAtamAM teo karAve che. mAdhyamika zikSaNa ghaNuMkharUM rAjakATamAM lIdheluM ane uMcI-kAleja-keLavaNI temaNe sAmaLadAsa, elphinsTana ane Dekana kaeNAlejamAM lIdhelI. temanA sahAdhyAyIemAM hAiskUlamAM sara prabhAzaMkara paTTaNI, kAlejamAM sara ramaNabhAi, maNiza'kara ratnajI bhaTTa, kAzIrAma dave, sara manubhAi naMdazaMkara, kRSNalAla meAhanalAla jhaverI, preAsara gaMbhIra, mAnazakara pItAMbaradAsa, vagere hatA. yunivarasiTInI meTrikayulezananI parIkSA emaNe sana 1883mAM pAsa karelI ane khI. e. nI parIkSA bIjA vargamAM, leAjIka ane phIlasuI, aicchika viSaye laIne sana 1889mAM mAnabharI rIte pasAra karI hatI. iMgrejImAM pharsTa kalAsa mArkasa sAthe vheleA naMbara AvavAthI emane yunivarsiTI taraphathI elisa skAlarazipa maLI hatI. sana 1892mAM teo Dekkana kAlejamAM dakSiNA phelA nImAyA hatA ane bIje varSe temane resiDensInA suprinTenDanTanuM kAma soMpavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. eja samayamAM yunivarsiTI inAmI nibaMdha mATe harIphAi karI temaNe mANekajI lImajI senAne cAMda meLabyA hatA. te pachI sana 1895 nA bIjA TamAM temane dayArAma jeTamala siMdha kAleja karAMcImAM itihAsa ane arthazAstranA preAphesaranI ekTiMga jageA maLI hatI ane sana 1906 mAM eka Ta mATe vaDAdarA kaeNAlejamAM aMgrejI ane kilasuprInA prephesara tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM; ane saMjogavazAta pAchA tA. 1-9-1927 thI tA. 15-2--1929 sudhI eja sthAne, sarakArI nAkarImAMthI nivRtta thayA bAda itihAsa ane azAstranA prephesara tarIke pharI kAma karavAnA suyeAga prApta thayeA hateA. 131

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI tA. 13 mI oNkaTobara 1896 thI teo sarakArI nokarImAM joDAyA tyArathI te sana 1904 sudhI gavarmenTa kaeNleja ajameramAM hatA; ane phakata vacce be varSa pUNa Dekakana kaeNlejamAM ekiTaMga presara meLe gALelA. sana 1904 mAM emanI nokarI rAjakumAra koleja kAThiyAvADamAM uchInI apAI hatI, jyAM teo sana 1913 sudhI rahyA hatA, ane te varSanA chellA ATha mAsa kAThiyAvADa ejansInA ejyukezana ophIsara tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. sana 1914 mAM sarakArI nokarImAM pAchA pharatAM, temanI nimaNuMka pUNAmAM Dekkana kaoNlejamAM thaI hatI, jayAMthI teo sana 1924mAM rITAyara thayA. zarUAtamAM emanI nokarI provinsiyala sarvisamAM hatI paNa pAchaLathI sana 1917-18mAM hindIone ejyukezanala sarvisamAM jagAo ApavA mAMDI tyArathI emanI nimaNuMka e greDamAM-AI. I. esa. mAM thaI hatI. - nokarInA kAma sAthe bIjA vyavasAyamAM teo rasa letA; paNa ghaNI kharI pravRtti ane samaya abhyAsa ane sAhitya lekhanamAM ja vyatIta thata. ajameramAM hatA tyAre traNa varSa mATe teo myunisipAleTInA sabhAsada nimAyA hatA ane rAjakoTamAM dukALa nivAraNa kamiTImAM keTaluMka javAba dArIvALuM kArya upADI lIdhuM hatuM. yunivarsiTI seneTamAM sarakAra niyukata phele lagabhaga daza ke vadhu varSa mATe hatA, te daramiyAna itihAsanA abhyAsa maMDaLamAM, gujarAtInA abhyAsa maMDaLamAM, (Board of studies) temanI Ispekazana kamiTImAM temane ghaNuM kAma karavAnuM AvatuM; ane hisTorikala rekarDajha kamizananA AraMbhathI sarakAre temane nimyA temAM cha varSa temaNe ekasarakho bhAga lIdho hato. muMbAI sarakAre zivAjInA samayanA aitihAsika sAdhanonuM eka aMgrejI vAlyuma bahAra pADayuM che, te hisTorikala rekaDa kamizana mAraphata emaNe calAvelI caLavaLanuM eka sIdhuM pariNAma hatuM. upara kahyuM tema sAhityasevA eja emane priya ane abhyAsane viSaya hate. rAjakeTamAM trIjI sAhitya pariSada emanA prayAsa ane zramathI maLelI; ane yazasvI nivaDelI, tyAM pariSada bhaMDoLa phaMDano AraMbha karI Apelo ane te maMDaLane vahivaTa emaNe maMtrI tarIke sana 1926 sudhI, muMbaI pariSadamAM pariSada maMDaLa nimAtAM sudhI karyo hate. vaLI e 1909 nI pariSadanuM kArya saphaLa ane lokapriya thAya e hetuthI emaNe gujarAtamAM jUdA jUdA zaheranI mulAkAta lIdhelI ane tyAM judA judA viSayo para 132

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baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkara vyAkhyAne ApelAM, je teja varSe pustakarUpe, pariSada vyAkhyAnamALA e nAmathI prakaTa thayelAM ane te ja varSanA aMta pahelAM khapI gayAM hatAM. e pravRttine AgaLa jArI rAkhI, e viSaya para prasaMgopAta carcApa, lekhe vagere lakhavA jarUra paDelI, tenA saMgraha "pariSada pravRtti " bhA. 2 ane 3 evA nAmathI chapAvavAmAM AvyA che. emanuM prathama pustaka sana 1905mAM bahAra paDayuM hatuM ane te abhijJAna zakuntalAne anuvAda che. e nATakane emaNe keTalo badhe jhINa ane mArmika abhyAsa karelo che, e samajavA sArU, emaNe pahelI erivaMTala konpharansa pUNAmAM maLI hatI, temAM e nATakamAMnA saMdigdha pAThonI vistRta carcAne je nibaMdha aMgrejImAM lakhyo hato, te vAMcI javAnI vAcakane bhalAmaNa karIzuM. eja varSamAM luTAkanA jIvanacaritranuM pustaka bhA. 1 emanA mitra sva. harilAla mAdhavajI bhaTTa sAthe lakhIne bahAra pADayuM hatuM. AvuM kiMmatI pustaka apUrNa rahe, e kharekhara khedajanaka che. sana 1916mAM temanA kAvyono saMgraha "bhaNakAra' e nAmathI prasiddha thayo; ane temane UpaghAta chaMdazAstranA abhyAsIne avazya mananIya mAluma paDaze. gaye varSe te pachI lakhAelI kavitAne saMgraha, bhaNakAra'nI pUravaNarUpe bahAra paDayo che ane e kAvya saMgraha, sAmAnya vAcakane kaMIka kaThina jaNAze paNa eka vAra te samajAyA pachI, teno AsvAda levAmAM kaMi jUdIja miThAza anubhavavAmAM Avaze. sana 1923 mAM "ugatI juvAnI " e nAmanuM nATaka ane sana 1924mAM "darzaniyuM " e nAmanuM emanI navalikAonuM pustaka, e be bahAra paDyAM hatAM. emanA prakIrNa lekha, nibaMdha vagere je bahu moTI saMkhyAmAM che, te emaNe pharI pustakarUpe chapAvavAnuM kArya hamaNAM hAtha dhareluM che ane temAMthI yunAITeDa sTeTsa, lirika, kavitA zikSaNa, itihAsa digdarzana, dI. bA. aMbAlAlabhAI vagere pustako prasiddha thaI cUkyAM che. sana 1898mAM sva. maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa abrAhama liMkananuM caritra gu. va. sosAiTIne lakhI ApaluM, tene UpaghAta emaNe lakhI Apelo, teja upara gaNAvelI copaDIomAM "yunAITeDa sTeTasa"ne nAme chUTo chapAvelo che. kAThiyAvADanI jUnI vArtAo bhA. 1 haragoviMda premajIe bahAra pADyo, te mATe temaNe eka vistRta UpaghAta lakhelo; eja dhoraNe govardhanarAmanA sAkSarajIvana ane dI. bA. aMbAlAlabhAinA lekhanA 133

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. saMgrahamAM vistRta prastAvanAo lakhI ApelI che, je te lekhaka ane tenuM lakhANa samajavA mATe kimatI che. sAtamI sAhitya pariSadamAM raju karelo kavitA zikSaNa" viSene nibaMdha tema lirika viSe " kaumudI' mAM upADelI carcA e viSayamAM rasa lenAre avazya vAMcavA vicAravA jevA che. dakSiNa phela hatA tyAre pahelA mAdhavarAva pezvA viSe nibaMdha lakhelo (mANekajI bhImajI golDa meDala nibaMdha) te adyApi mUlyavAna ane maulika jaNAze. hindI rAjayabaMdhAraNa ane vahivaTa viSenuM emanuM pustaka, jenI be AvRttio thaI che, te e viSaya para eka pramANabhUta graMtha lekhAya che ane jUdI jUdI yunivarsiTIonA vidyArthIo tene eka pAThayapustaka tarIke upayoga kare che, e parathI te graMthanI mahattA lakSamAM Avaze. | gujarAtI sAhityamAM pre. baLavaMtarAyanuM sthAna prathama paMkitanA vidvAnAmAM che. sana 1920mAM teo amadAvAdamAM maLelI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadamAM itihAsa vibhAganA adhyakSa cuMTAyA hatA. emanA graMthonI yAdI abhijJAna zakuMlA nATaka samazlokI anuvAda 1906 lUTArkanAM jIvana caritra 1906 bhaNakAra ( kavitA ) 1917 che bIjIdhArA , 1929 darzaniyuM ( navalikAo ) 1924 ugatI juvAnI ( nATaka ) 1923 lagnamAM brahmacarya ( nATikA ) 1928 yunAITeDa sTeTasa ( itihAsa ) 1928 itihAsa digdarzana 1928 ( gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadamAM vibhAga pramukha lekhe vyAkhyAna) aMbAlAlabhAi (jIvanacarita) 1928 lirika (sAhitya viSayaka) 1928 kavitA zikSaNa [ , ] 1924 pariSada pravRtti vibhAga 2 je (pariSada viSayaka) 1928 , vibhAga 3 jo [ ) 1929 An Account of the First Madhav Rao Peshwa 1895 Text of the Shakuntala. 1920 Indian Administration to the Dawn of 1deg, s 1921 Responsible Government 29, 1927 134

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bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA eo mULa suratanA vatanI che. jJAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha ane emanuM gotra zArkarAsa, zAkhA zAkhAnI ane veda Rgvada che. emane janma vi. saM. 1924nA vaizAkha vadi trIja-sana 1867nA junanI 1 lI tArIkhe thayo hato. emanA pitA niNarAma nityArAma, emane savA be varSanA mUkIne mRtyu pAmyA hatA. teo gopIpurAmAM AvelI miDala skUlamAM zikSaka hatA ane vaLI sAhityanA paNa zokhIna hatA. eo mosALamAM rahIne ucharI moTA thayelA. emanAM mAtAnuM nAma bhavAnImavarI-te narasiMharAma vajerAmane putrI, jemaNe putranA uchera ane keLavaNamAM khAsa zrama lIdhelo. meTrikanI parIkSA pAsa karI teo vaDodarA kaoNlejamAM gayelA ane tyAMthI priviyasa ane phasTa Iyara ina egrIkalcara, e be parIkSAomAM uttIrNa thayA hatA. sana 189ne vaizAkha mAsamAM emanuM lagna harisukharAma mANekarAma munasaphanA putrI sau. saguNAgavarI sAthe thayuM hatuM. e bahena paNa sAhityarasika che ane "saguNa strIo' vagere pustake emaNe lakhelAM che, temaja lalita kaLAno khAsa zokha eo dharAve che. emanA mAtuzrI bhavAnI gavarInuM sana 1891nA juna mAsamAM AvasAna thayuM hatuM. Arthika sthiti evI sArI nahi ke AgaLa vadhu abhyAsa karI zake. mAtAe jema tema gharano nivAha calAvelo. A sthitimAM emane nokarI zodhavAnI jarUra paDI. turataja teo kAThiyAvADamAM jAmanagara hAIkulamAM rU. 45)ne mAsika pagAre vijJAna zikSaka nimAyA. tyAM traNeka mAsa rahyA nahi hoya eTalAmAM rAjakoTanI rAjakumAra kolejamAM rU.50nA pagAre temanI kAyama nimaNuMka thaI. tyAM teo sana 1904 sudhI rahyA hatA. e pachI rAjakeTanI ephreDa hAIskUlamAM sana 1909 sudhI vijJAna zikSaka tarIke kAma karyuM hatuM. te pachI choTAudepuranA rAjAnA prAIveTa sekreTarI nimAtAM, teo tyAM gayA hatA. paNa havApANI anukULa nahi AvavAthI, pAchA rAjakoTamAM AvI miDala skulamAM heDa mAstarane pada joDAyelA. pAchaLathI dhAMgadhrA rAjyamAM gayA hatA. sana 1914mAM kAThiyAvADa choDI, surata gayA ane pachI vaDodarAmAM jUdA jUdA kAryomAM guMthAyA hatA. hamaNAM sudhI teo devagaDha bAriyAmAM raNajItasiMha hAiskulamAM heDamAstaranA pade hatA paNa 135

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI DIka mudatathI tyAMnA rAjakumAranA zikSaka tathA kapeniyana tarIke nimAyA che. Ama jIvanamAM aneka prakAranA saMjogomAMthI pasAra thayA chatAM emane sAhitya pratine prema, abhyAsa ane lekhana vyavasAya satata cAlu rahyA che. emanA sAhityakAryamAM sva. sara ramaNabhAI madada karatA. emane bAlAzaMkaranI kavitAo para vivecana karavAnI IcchA prakaTelI; kaMIka prayana paNa karela ane kAvyo lakhavA mAMDelAM; paNa te badhAM dama vinAnAM ane sara ramaNabhAInI sUcanA ane salAhathI kAvya lakhavAnuM mUkI daIne teo gadya lekhana prati vaLelA. pitAne vijJAnane zekha prathamathI eTale te viSe emaNe pAMca sAta pustako racelAM che. e ja prema emane prAcIna sAhitya mATe che. tethI te dizAmAM, viSNudAsa, premAnaMda, mIrAMbAI viSe keTalAMka upayukata lekhe ane graMthe racelAM che, je badhAM nIcenI yAdImAM ne dhyAM che. sane 19 04-05mAM keLavaNuM khAtA taraphathI navI vAcanamALA taiyAra karavAmAM AvI tyAre vijJAnanA viSayo upara pAThe lakhavAnuM emane sepavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te pramANe vAcanamALAnI trIjI,cethI, pAMcamI ane chaThThI copaDIomAM vijJAnanA ghaNAkharA pAThe emanA lakhelA che. e uparAMta sAhitya viSayaka keTalAka pATha paNa emaNe lakhI ApelA che. - vaDodarAmAM AvI vasyA pachI be traNa varSa "caMdra prakAza nAmanuM eka mAsika calAveluM. vaLI keTalAMka varSo sudhI sayAjI sAhityamALAnA saMpAdakanuM kArya kareluM, ane vaijJAnika paribhASA upajAvavAnuM kaThina kArya paNa kareluM, chatAM emanuM mahatvanuM ane sthAyI kArya te gujarAtI aMgrejI koSa che, je emanuM jIvaMta smAraka thaI paDaze. emanA prakIrNa lekha paNa ceDAM nathI; mAtra ahiM emanA prakaTa thayelA graMthanI yAdI ApI cheH sAmAnya padArtha jJAna sana 1894 prANuM mAtranuM vargIkaraNa (prathama AvRtti.) , 1896 ( dvitIya AvRtti. ) 1904 hiMdustAnanAM AMcaLavALAM prANIo bhA. 1 lo. uSNatA 1900 padArtha vijJAna 136 che 1898 che 1902

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bhAnusukharAma nirguNarAma mahetA 1908 1911 1916 1917 che 1918 1919 1920 Matriculation Chemistry (English) premAnaMdanI prasAdI pAMDavAzvamedha babruvAhana AkhyAna premAnaMda mIrAbAI prANu vidyAnuM rekhAdarzana mAnava deha dharma vidyA ane ArogyavijJAna karoLIA RtunA raMga madhapUDA ArogyavijJAnanI vAto (premAnaMda kRta) sudAmA caritra (TIkA sahita) viSNudAsa zrI sayAjI vaijJAnika zabda saMgraha bozevijhama navIna hiMdustAna prANu sRSTi grahaNa (premAnaMda kRta) virATa parva kavi viSNudAsanAM kAvyo (sabhA parva, naLAkhyAna, kuMvarabAinuM mAmeruM ane huMDI.) (premAnaMda kRta) mAmeruM ( ) bhISma parva surata bhautika zAstra ane ArogyavijJAna gharadhaNI jagatanI bhUgoLa dariyA kAMThe dhruvAkhyAna (bhAlaNa kRta) 1 37 1921 1922 1923 1924

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI che 1925 raNayajJa (premAnaMda kRta ) Ayurvedane saMkSipta ItihAsa sabhA parva (premAnaMda kRta) The Modern Gujarati English Dictionary karoLIAnA kAvatarAM sarovaranAM cha ArogyavijJAna ane gRhavyavasthA mahIpatarAma 1927 1929 1930 --- - -- ----- - 138

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maganabhAi caturabhAi paTela maganabhAi caturabhAI paTela jAte pATIdAra; naDiyAdanA vatanI. emaneA janma sana 1876 mAM nAMDayAdamAM thayalA. temaNe prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa naDiyAdamAM ja lIdheluM ane kaeNleja keLavaNI vilasana ane khareDA kAlejamAM meLavelI. teoe sana 1898 mAM khI. e; nI parIkSAmAM pAsa karI, sana 1900 ma ela ela. khI; nI parIkSA ApI hatI. AnA rIjhalTa mATe rAha letA hatA, evAmAM sana 1898-99 nA dukALamAM revanyu nAkarAe karelA atyAcArA saMbaMdhamAM tapAsa karavA kamizana nimAyuM, temAM svastha sara geAkaLadAsanI madade tee gayA, tyArathI emanA jAhera jIvananI rAAta thAya che. sana 1901 mAM tee amadAvAdamAM vakIlAta karavA AvyA ane ahiM prathama vAra phrAngresa bharAI (1905) tyAre emaNe bahAragAma jai nANAM ugharAvavAmAM temaja khIjA kAryoMmAM sArI mahenata uDAvI hatI; ane te samayathI amadAvAdanuM jAherakAma kAI evuM nahi DAya ke jemAM maganabhAInA hAtha ke hAjarI nahi hoya. teo eka sArA vaktA hatA, tethI zrAtA para sArA emanA prabhAva paDatA ane emanA vyAkhyAnanI paNa temanA para uMDI asara thatI jaNAtI. e arasAmAM dezamAM svadezInuM meAjuM pharI vaLyuM, temAM AgevAnIbharyAM bhAga lIdheA; ravadezI sTeAsa kADhavAmAM sArI madada ApI; ane leAkalAgaNI tagRta karavA ane keLavavA kAvyA lakhavA mAMDayAM, jemAMnuM ' eka dina evA Avaze ' e nAmanuM kAvya. bahu paMkAyuM hatuM ane kSAtrapALa-rANA pratApa viSenuM AkhuM kAvya paNa prazaMsA pAmyuM hatuM. svadezI hilacAlamAM tee agresarabharyAM bhAga letA hatA tethI sara. kAra paNa emanA prati saMzayanI najare jotI hatI. tee eka sAcA ane zuddha dezabhakta hatA, ema emanA prasaMgamAM AvanArI kAi paNa vinAsa'kAce kahI zake; pAchaLathI rAjakIya viSayamAM matabheda upasthita thatAM, teoe peAtAnA abhiprAyane khullI rIte-nikhAlasapaNe vyakta karavAmAM kadI pAchI pAnI karI nahatI. sana 1915 mAM heAmala lIganI caLavaLa puSkaLa phelAI hatI, tyAre amadAvAda jIllA homarUla lIganA sekreTarI tarIke temaNe jAde jUde gAme bhASaNA karIne lagabhaga 90 zAkhAe sthApI hatI, e parathI deza ane deza sevA mATenI emanI dhagaza keTalI uMDI hatI te sahaja 139

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI samajAze. sana 1929mAM kheDA jIllAmAM satyAgraha zarU karavAmAM Ave, tyAre temaNe prathama ja te sAme pitAne virodha darzAvelo; paraMtu te sAthe jamIna mahesula saMbaMdhamAM IgrejImAM saMkhyAbaMdha lekha lakhI mokalI, kheDutapakSanuM pote samarthana karyuM hatuM. te pachI teo rAjakIya kSetramAMthI alaga paDI jaI, sAhitya ane dharmanA abhyAsamAM macA rahyA, jenA pariNAme teo gItA, upaniSadu ane brahmasUtrone gujarAtImAM anuvAda karavAnI sAthe te para "jyoti" nAmanI svataMtra TIkA lakhavA zaktimAna thayA hatA. te pUrve emaNe pitAne kAvyasaMgraha "kusumAMjali" e nAmathI chapAvyo hato; ane sIlIkRta igrejI rAjya vistAra-Expansion of England e jANItA pustakanuM bhASAMtara gu. va. sosAITI mATe kareluM che, te have pachI chapAze. kavi kAlidAsanA suprasiddha "zakuntalA"ne joIe te sArA ane bhAvavAhI anuvAda thayo nathI, evI mAnyatAthI temaNe sana 1915 mAM tene navesara gujarAtImAM utAryuM hatuM. emanA graMthonI yAdI vaidehI vijaya 1899 kSAtrapALa kAvya [mahArANA pratA5] 1909 kusumAMjali (kAvyasaMgraha) 1909 kAvyartha pradipa [ "sudarzanamAM prakaTa thayeluM ] 1910 zikSakanuM kartavya (nibaMdha) 1907 svadezI hilacAla( , ) 1908 abhijJAna zAkuMtala (bhASAMtara) 1915 Studies in Land Revenue and Economics. 1925 bhagavad gItA-jyoti 1927 upaniSada ti bhA. 1 le 1929 che , bhA. 2 je 1929 brahmamImAMsA jyoti [ chapAya che.] * amane nedhatAM kheda thAya che ke prastuta graMtha chapAIne bahAra paDe te Agamaca tA. 16 mI mArca 1930 ne ravivAre emanuM avasAna thayuM che. 140

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mahamada sAdIkA mahamada sAdIka e IrAka [ mesopoTemIyA ] mAM karabalAnA vatanI ane jAte Araba che. emane janma karabalAmAM I. sa. 1901 mAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma zekha ahamada sulatAna sAheba ane mAtAnuM nAma mariyama begama che. eoe thoDeghaNe gujarAtI tema aMgrejI abhyAsa muMbAImAM karyo che. teo sana 1910 mAM hindustAnamAM Ave te pahelA irAkathI IrAnanI musApharI karI hatI. te vakhate relvenuM sAdhana nahi, eTale uMTa, khaccara, gheDA para musApharI karavI paDI hatI. tyAre emanI uMmara Azare ATha varSanI hatI. hiMdamAM teo potAnA mAtapitA sAthe musAphara tarIke AvyA hatA. paraMtu jyAre teo potAnA vatane pAchA pharavA mAMgatA hatA tyAre temanA dezanA turkI rAjA ane yuropiyana rAjyo vacce yuddha cAlatuM hovAthI teo hiMdamAMthI pAchA jaI zakyA nahotA. ane te pachI tarataja mahA yuddha thavAthI hiMdamAM ja rahevuM paDyuM hatuM, e muddata daramIyAna teoe gujarAtI abhyAsa karyo hato. emanI mULa bhASA phArasI che ane muMbaImAM rahyA pachI urdU jhabAna para sAdhAraNa kAbu meLavyo; ane gujarAtI pustako vAMcavAne emane khUbaja zekha hovAthI temaNe pitAnA vAMcana zekhathI gujarAtI bhASA paNa zIkhI lIdhI. emaNe prathama lekha sana 1915 mAM lakhyo hato. emanA abhyAsane priya viSaya ItihAsa che. lekhanavAcana tarapha abhiruci thavAthI eka patrakAranuM jIvana emane vizeSa rUpyuM; hiMdusthAnamuMbaI samAcAra-sAMja vartamAna ane bhArata patranA rIporTara tarIke ane te pachI e patra lekhaka tarIke kAma karavA mAMDayuM. sana 1921 thI teo hidanI rAjakIya laDatamAM joDAyA che ane Aja ghaDI sudhI teo kegresa pakSamAM rahyA che. ane hamaNAM satyAgrahanI laDatamAM joDAtAM temAM temane eka mAsanI sajA thayelI; te bhogavI tAjAja teo jelamAMthI chUTA thayA che. 1924 mAM temaNe zrI zayadA sAthe maLIne "be ghaDI moja " nAmanuM sAptAhika patra kAvyuM, je janatAmAM lokapriya thaI paDyuM che ane bahoLo phelAvo pAmyuM che. gujarAtanA agragaNya saMskArI lekhaka bhAIbahenone eoe pitAne namra maLatAvaDA svabhAvane lIdhe sAro sahakAra meLavyo che. gujarAtI patrakAritvamAM be ghaDI moje' haLavuM, ramujI ane 141

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI upayogI vAcanasAhityaka-sacitra--ApavAnI pahela karI, eka navIna mArga khele che; ane te prayAsa eTalo saphaLa thayo che ke te pachI bIjA ghaNAoe enuM anukaraNa karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. tenuM A pramANe anukaraNa thayuM, e te patranA saMcAlako mATe khacita abhinaMdanIya lekhAya. bhAI sAdIke e patramAM aneka upanAma dhAraNa karIne mAmika kaTAkSa karatA ane prAsaMgika carcA karatA lekho lakhyA che. emanAM pustakonI yAdI nIce ApelI che, te parathI joI zakAze ke aThavADika patra calAvavAno zrama uThAvavAnI sAthe, temanuM anya lekhanavAcana kArya cAlu raheluM che ane emAMnAM keTalAMkanI prastAvanA jANItA sAkSaroe lakhI ApelI che; ane te te pustakanI upayogitAnI sAthe lekhakanI zakita ane kAryanuM eka uttama pramANapatra che. baMgALI bhUta [enuvAda] I. sa. 1922 mahAtmA zekha sAdI [ prastAvanA: di. ba. kRSNalAla jhaverI.] , 1924 dilhInA megala samrATa bahAdurazAha jhaphara (prastAvanAH zrI. kanaiyAlAla munazI.) 1925 rasa jharaNA 1925 mahA kavi gAliba (sAMja vartamAnamAM prakaTa.) 1926 sultAnA rajhiyA (prastAvanA: di. ba. kRSNalAla jhaverI.) ,, 1928 darabAre akabarI (prastAvanA pro. kezavalAla kAmadAra) , 1930 142

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maTubhAi haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA maTubhAI haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALA. jJAte teo visA khaDAyatA vaNika che. temano janma sana mAM mAM thayo hato. emanA pitAzrI rA. bA. rAjyaratna haragoviMdadAsa bhAI, e navAM zikSaNanAM zarUAtanA phaLa hatA ane temanA jIvana para keLavaNI ane sAhityanI uMDI chApa ane saMskAra paDyA hatA, je sarva maTubhAImAM utarI AvelA daSTigocara thAya che. emano ghaNekharo abhyAsa vaDodarAmAM thayelo. vaDodarA kolejamAMthI bI. e; nI parIkSA sana mAM pAsa karelI; kelejanI DibeTIMga sosAITImAM sAro bhAga letA, eTaluM ja nahi paNa kaeNleja megejhInamAM vakhatovakhata lekha lakhatA. ane te sAmAnya ane cAlu viSayomAM nahi paNa te kALe je prati theja athavA nahi jevuM lakSa apAtuM hatuM evA gujarAtI sAhityanA viSayo carcAtA hatA. AnaMda pAmavAnuM kAraNa ApaNane e che ke yunivarsiTIe ema. e; nI parIkSAmAM gujarAtImAM sthAna apAtAM, prathama te parIkSA pAsa karavAnuM mAna emane ghaTe che, ane te badala gu. va.sosAITI taraphathI emane rU. 200)nuM InAma maLyuM hatuM. upara kahyuM tema keLavaNI ane sAhityanA saMskAra pitA taraphathI emane vArasAmAM maLelA che; ane te emaNe eTalA badhA sajIvana ane cetanavaMtA rAkhelAM che ke eka mila ejaTa tarIke vyavasAyI ane zramabharyuM jIvana vyatita kare che, tema chatAM sAhitya pratyeno emane anurAga ane vyAsaMga leza mAtra ocho thayo nathI, e teo je dakSatAthI ane kALajIthI "sAhitya" mAsika calAve che, te parathI sahaja spaSTa thaze. narasiMharAvabhAIe premAnaMdanA nATakone prazna uthama upasthita karyo tyAre pratipakSa taraphathI je raddI apAyA hatA temAM emanA lekho, vizeSa dhyAna kheMcatA hatA ane mULa kesane pAMgaLo-lulo karavAmAM emane hisso hAsuno nathI. te batAvI Ape che ke emanuM junA gujarAtI sAhityanuM vAcana ane abhyAsa keTalo badho vizALa ane jhINo che. te sAthe emaNe TUMkI vArtAnA lekhaka tarIke nAma meLaveluM che ane temAM ApaNe saMsAranA citro AlekhelAM che te AkarSaka nivaDyAM che, ema enA ghaNA vAcakee jaNAvyuM che. atyAre sAhityanA kSetramAM eka free lance patrakAra tarIke teo sarasa kArya kare che. "sAhitya"mAMnI emanI neMdha ane graMthonA avalokana 143

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI sAhitya rasikAmAM AturatAthI ane lakSapUrNAMka vaMcAya che ane emanA abhiprAya keTalIka vAra eTalA sacATa, muddAsara ane spaSTa hoya che ke te dhArI asara pedA karavAmAM saphaLa nivaDe che. ApaNA mAsikAmAM "sAhitya" mAsike uMcu sthAna prApta kareluM che, e emanI niyamitatA, mAheAzI, uMcA jJAna ane vidvatAne AbhArI che. emanA lekhAnA saMgraha mATe thavA jAya; paNa hAla turata premAna6nAM ja nATakA,' e pustaka dvArA emanA e viSayaparanA lekhA chapAvIne emaNe sASa mAnelA che. premAnaMdanAM ja nATako ? emanA graMthaH 144 1928

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maNilAla nabhubhAI dezI maNilAla nathubhAI dozI eo jJAtie vizA osavAla jaina; ane amadAvAdanA vatanI che. emane janma 2jI navembara 1882mAM-saM. 1938nA Aso vada 7 nA roja- vijApuramAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma nathubhAI jIvarAja dezI ane mAtAnuM nAma mAkorabAI mayAcaMda che. emaNe badhuM zikSaNa amadAvAdamAM ja lIdheluM. sana 1898 mAM meTrIkayulezananI parIkSA pasAra karI hatI. te pachI gujarAta kaeNlejamAM dAkhala thaI sana 1902mAM bhASA ane sAhitya acchika viSaya laIne bI. e. nI DIgrI meLavI hatI; ane uce naMbare AvavAthI teo dakSiNA phelo nimAyA hatA. sana 1903mAM temaNe eka zikSakano dhaMdhe pasaMda karyo hate. emanI zikSaNa ApavAnI paddhatithI ane ziSyo pratinA samabhAva ane premathI teo vidyArthI vargamAM bahu priya thaI paDatA; ane emanA sAlasa svabhAva ane uttama cAritryathI, emanA samAgamamAM AvanAra sau koIne pitA prati AkarSatA hatA. emanA priya viSaya mAnasa zAstra, nIti ane dharma che. vaLI ema kahevuM vadhArA5DatuM nathI ke tenA abhyAsa ane pracAra kArya pAchaLa emaNe potAnuM jIvana samarpaNa kareluM che. AkhA gujarAtamAM teo eka AgevAna thisIsTa tarIke jANItA che. emanA e sevA kAryathI ghaNAMnAM jIvanamAM suMdara pheraphAra ane palaTo thayelA amArA jANavAmAM che. zikSaNakArya sAthe samAjasevAnA kAryamAM temaja thiesophInA pracArakAryamAM vakhatovakhata muzkelIo naDavAthI sana 1919mAM emaNe zikSaka tarIkenI nokarI kAyama mATe cheDI dIdhI hatI ane te samayathI eka samAjasevaka tarIke ane thieserInA pracAraka tarIke pravRtti AdarI rahyA che. lekhanakArya to emaNe sana 1903 thI zarU kareluM ane e pravAha satata vahetA ane vikasate rahelo che. mAtra nAnA moTA pustaka lakhIne emaNe saMtoSa mAnyo nathI; paNa jude jude samaye eka vA bIjuM mAsika calAvIne, te dvArA janatAnI sevA karavAno prayatno karelAM che. atyAre teo be mAsika calAve che. strIchavananA vikAsa ane abhyadaya arthe paNa emanI pravRtti thatI nathI. strIo mATe teo eka jUduM mAsika kADhe che. emanuM "sakhInA patro" e nAmanuM pustaka gu. va. sosAITI taraphathI prasiddha thayeluM che, te parathI joI zakAze ke strImAnasane samajavAmAM teo keTalA nipUNa ane uMDA utarelA che. 145

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLo che 1908 lekhana vyavasAyamAM tema eka upadezaka tarIke emanuM ghaNuM kharuM jIvana vyatIta thayeluM hovAthI emane lekha saMgraha bahu moTo jaNAze. ahiM mAtra emanA graMthenI yAdI ApI che - 1 ahaMnIti (zrI hemacaMdrAcArya kRta saMskRta pustakane gujarAtI anuvAda. ) I. sa. 1906 2 guradarzana 3 Atma pradIpa (zrImad buddhisAgare racelA 100 saMskRta lokanuM bhASAMtara tathA vivecana.) ka 1910 4 dayAne jhare (rApha voDe TrAInanA "Every Living Creature"nuM bhASAMtara) 1910 5 svara zAstra che 1910 6 subodhacaMdra ( AdhyAtmika navala kathA). 7 laghu lekhasaMgraha >> 1911 8 zrI buddhacaritra (pAMca AvRttio thai che.) , 1911 9 mahAna gurune prasAda (At the feet of the Mas [ter ne anuvAda) 10 yogamArgane bhomIo che 1912 11 zrI buddhapadeza (dhammapadanA buddha graMthanuM pAlImAMthI bhASAMtara) , 12 zrI dharmabindu (zrI haribhadrasUri kRta graMthanuM bhASAMtara ane vivecana.). 13 Adarza puruSa (De. besanTanA "Path to the Masters of Wisdom"ne anuvAda. che 1913 14 prabhumaya jIvana (traNa AvRtti thaI che.) (In tune with the Infinte'nuM bhASAMtara.) 1916 15 thiesaphI lekhamALA 16 prabhune nAme (sI. jInarAjadAsanA "In His Name'nuM bhASAMtara) 17 zradhdhA e jIvana (sI. jInarAjadAsanA "Faith that is Life'ne anuvAda.) 18 zrI sImaMdhara svAmIne khullA patro ka 1920 146 - 1911 i 1919

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1922 1924 maNilAla nathubhAI dezI 19 saMyama sAmrAjya "Kingship of self-control'nuM - bhASAMtara ). >> >> 20 zrI bhagavad gItA adhyayana (Da. besanTanA "Hints on the study of Gita'nuM bhASAMtara) 21 vidyAthI baMdhuonI sevAmAM (Da. eraMDelanA Talks to Students'ne anuvAda) 22 divya jIvana 23 sakhIne patra 1924 24 upadeza ratnakala (be AvRttio) (mAgadhImAMthI bhASAMtara ane vivecana. ) 25 ucca jIvananA niyamo (uM. besanTanA "Laws of Higher Life'ne anuvAda.) , 1926 26 dainika dhyAnanAM sUtro ( Do. besanTanA "Daily Meditations'nuM bhASAMtara) , 1927 27 pavitratAne paMthe (cAra AvRttio) (jainadharma graMtha.) , 28 muktinuM rahasya (sI. jInarAjadAsanA Release'nuM bhASAMtara) , 1928 29 cAritra maMdira (vyAkhyAnone saMgraha.) 30 dalt yolal z4ICH (Spirit of the Unborn'ai anuvAda.). 31 prema ane sevA . 1929 32 zrAvaka dharma 33 jJAna prabhAva 34 jIvana saMdeza ( zrI kRSNa mUrtinA vyAkhyAne tathA lekhe anuvAda.) 35 bALazikSaNa (mAbApa ane zikSaNa saMghanI cAra patrikA one anuvAda. ) ka 1930 147

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI maNilAla chabArAma bhaTTa emanA pitA chammArAma nRsiMharAma jJAtie rAyakavALa brAhmaNa hatA; ane amadAvAdanI pAse AvelA kubaDathala gAmamAM rahI, gAmaThI nizALa calAvatA ane purANa kathA vAttAMnA udyAga karatA. sana 1869-70 mAM temane ghera maNilAlane janma thaye!. zarUAtamAM nhAnapaNathI ja temane stotraprakINa kSeAka vagere gAmaDAnA brAhmaNabhaTuene mukhapATha karAvavAmAM Ave che tema meDhe karAvavAmAM AvelA ane upanIta pahelAM gujarAtIne zALAmAM ane saMskRta vyAkaraNanA (sArasvatane!) ghera abhyAsa karAvavAmAM AvyA. sArasvata pachI rahyu ane bIjA kAvyeAne abhyAsa cAlate hatA evAmAM temanAM mAtA ane pachI ekAda varSomAM temanA pitA paraleAkavAsI thayA; tethI tevA amadAvAdamAM sva. bhAIzaMkara nAnAbhAine ghera temanA meAsALamAM ucharyAM. ahiM ziSTa ane ucca nAgaramitrAnA sahavAsathI nAgarika ucca saMskAra sAthe IMgrejInA sAtamA dhAraNa sudhInA abhyAsa sudhI pahoMcavAne temane atyuttama prasaMga prApta thayA. hAiskUlamAM abhyAsa karatA tenI ja sAthe sAthe phAjala samayamAM bhAskarazAstrIne tyAM jai naiSadha carita ' jevA kaThina kAvyanuM temaja kaumudInuM adhyayana karavA mAMDayuM; paNa te pUruM zikhI rahe te pahelAM ane meTrIkanI parIkSAmAM besavAne samaya AvI paheAMce te pahelAM emanAM dAdI devaleAka pAmyAM ane temanA meTA bhAi eka bhADAnuM ghara rAkhI jUdA rahevA lAgyA. A sAMsArika viTaMbaNAmAM AvI paDavAthI temanI keLavaNInI paNa samApti thaI; ane muMbAImAM seAlIsITaranI ApIsAmAM kArakuna tarIke neAkarI svIkAravI paDI. saMskRtanA zekha mULathI eTale bAkInA vakhatamAM 5. gaTulAlajInI saMskRta zALAmAM paNa jatA hatA. thoDA mahinA pachI relvetAranuM zikhavAnA irAde te surata gayA; paNa tyAM tAvanA sakaMjAmAM sapaDAvAthI ane nAdurasta tabiyata rahetI hAvAthI, amadAvAda pAchA pharyAM. tyAra pachI doDheka varSe gujarAta gejhITa' sAptAhika vartamAnapatramAM bhAgIdAro tarIke joDAyA; ane peAtAnI kalama calAvA mAMDI. saMskRta, gujarAtI, IMgrejI, marAThI ane hindI pustakAnA vAcanathI temanuM jJAna sarvadezIya banyuM hatuM. janmasiddha kAvyalekhana zaktimAM kaI Ara umerA thavA lAgyA. 'buddhiprakAza'mAM "sItAharaNa' nATaka (apUrNa) temaja 8 bhAratI bhUSaNa'mAM "mRgAvatI"nA traNa aMke lakhyA. vaLI e arasAmAM 148 ((

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maNilAla chabArAma bhaTTa 'svadeza vatsala' mAsikamAM "Rtu varNana', "aniladUta' vagere kAvyo ane 'kizorasuMdarI'nI vAto emaNe lakhI te vakhatanA sAhitya rasikonuM dhyAna kheMceluM. "gujarAta gejhaTa' baMdha paDatAM temaNe muMbaI gujarAtI" patramAM nokarI lIdhI. sana 1896mAM temaNe "samAlocaka" nAmanuM trimAsika kAvyuM ane 1909 sudhI calAvyuM. pUrato pagAra nahi maLato hovAthI temane ziSyavRtti (Tutions) karavA uparAMta bhASAMtare ane lakhANo lakhavA mAMDayAM. thoDA paisA bhegA thatAM, "gujarAtanI junI vArtAo pustaka racI prakaTa karyuM ane te eTaluM lokapriya nivaDayuM ke sarakAre sIvIla sarvisanA gujarAtI pAThaya pustaka tarIke maMjura karyuM; je haju cAlu che. vaLI tene upADa paNa sAre thayo. temanA muMbaInA 20 varSane vasavATa daramiyAna temaNe je je pustake racyAM tenI TIpa nIce ApavAmAM AvelI che. sana 1909 mAM "gujarAtI'nI nokarI mUkI daI amadAvAda AvyA ane sana 1910mAM gujarAtI bhASAno kaSa karavAne gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAITImAM joDAyA. temaNe sana 1923mAM gu. va. sosAITImAMthI nokarI choDI ne vAnaprasthAvasthA lIdhI che te cAlu che. haju uttarAvasthAmAM sAhityakSetramAMthI nivRtti lIdhI che to paNa, avAnavAra vartamAnapatro ane mAsikamAM lekha lakhI sAhityane lAbha ApatA rahe che, te joI ApaNane AnaMda thAya che; ane te thakI temane sAhityaprema vyakta thAya che. aMgrejI ane saMskRta sAhityanA temanA vizALa vAcananuM jJAna lokone ghaNuM rucikara thayuM che, ane tethI te eka lokapriya lekhaka banyA che. temanI bhASA zailI zudhdha, saraLa chatAM prauDha, ziSTa ane saMskArI che. temaNe strI upayogI pustako "strIonI raMgabhUmi, "pativratA satIo" ane "suMdara bahena' saraLa bhASAmAM racI strI jagatane ApI che; supathe doryuM che. temanI aitihAsika vArtAo temaja sAmAjika navalakathAethI samAjano saDo kaMika aMze dUra thaye che. temaNe IgrejI ane saMskRtanAM suMdara bhASAntare karelAM che. ane "kAvya pIyUSa" tathA "sImaMtinI AkhyAne'nAM kAvya racyAM che. Ama aneka pustako prakaTa karI gujarAtI sAhityamAM temaNe sAro phALo ApI prajAsevA bajAvI che. 149

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI emanA graMthAnI yAdI: kAvya. Rtu varNana ( ' svadeza vatsala' sAsAITIe chapAveluM) anila krUta ( khaMDa kAvya ) kAvya pIyUSa. ( prakINuM kavitA ) sImaMtinI AkhyAna. pratimA nATaka (bhAsakRta-bhASAntara) aitihAsika vArtA. gujarAtanI jUnI vArtAo. pRthvIrAja cauhANa ne caMda baradAyI (pAThaya pustaka) jhAMzInI rANI (bhASAMtara) sAmAjika navalakathA rati suMdarI muMbAInI zeThANI, gurjarI. maDama ke madhurI. viSNu purANuM. Atma purANa. aSTAvakra gItA. vRddha cANAkraya. arniyarane pravAsa zahenazAha bAnu merI lADa lerensa nATaka. strIonI raMgabhUmi. pativratA satie. suMdara bahena. saMskRta bhASAntara IMgrejI bhASAntara. srIyAcana. 150 saMvata 1945 1945 ,, sane 1911 saMvata 1946 sana 1916 sana 1893-4 1897 1892 99 ,, sana 1900 1915 1920 ,, 29 sana 1912 1907 1929 ,, 99 ( gu. va. seAsAiTI. ) sana 1898 ,,) sana 1911 (,, (gujarAtI presa) sana 1912 sana 1906 sana 1906

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mohanalAla pArvatIzaMkara dave mohanalAla pAvatIzakara dave emane janma sana 1883 mAM caitra suda terasane roja thaye hato. teo vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa, suratanA vatanI che. emane pitA pArvatI kara sArA moTA hoddA para hatA ane be pese sukhI hatA. emanA mAtuzrI hirAgaurI te dInamaNizaMkara zAstrInA putrI thAya. emanuM lagna sva. rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkaranI putrI sau. damanagaurI sAthe thayeluM che. sana 1905mAM ema. e; ane sana 1907 mAM ela ela. bI. nI parIkSA pAsa karelI. keTaloka vakhata temaNe gujarAta kaeNlejamAM abhyAsa karelo, muMbaImAM ela. ela. bI, ema. e, vagere abhyAsa mATe paNa rahelA. bI. e; nI parIkSA pAsa karyA pachI "buddhiprakAza,' "vasaMta, gujarAta zALApatra' vageremAM lekha lakhavA zarU karelA ane sana 1911-12 mAM gu. va. sosAITI mATe 'lenDaranA kAlpanika saMvAdo e nAmanuM pustaka gujarAtImAM be bhAgamAM eka vistRta upaghAta sAthe taiyAra karI ApeluM. sAhitya pariSadamAM rasa laI, lekha lakhI mokalatA ane AgaLa paDato bhAga letA. vaLI pariSada bhaMDaLa mATe temaNe mekaDonalakRta "saMskRta sAhityane itihAsa' bahu kALajI arvaka lekhaka pAsethI temanI neMDrasa meLavIne lakhelo che; ane avAranavAra nAdurasta tabiyatane lIdhe keTalAka samayathI lekhanakArya kaMika maMda che, chatAM te sAhityamaya jIvana gALe che. pite sArvajanika kolejamAM zarUAtathI saMskRtanA adhyApaka tarIke, sevAbhAvathI kArya kare che ane suratanI evI dAI sAhitya pravRti nahi hoya, jemAM e joDAyelA nahi hoya. gu. va. nAsAITI mATe temaNe upaniSada para eka pustaka lakhI ApavAnuM svIkAreluM che. emanA mukhya lekho ane pustakanI yAdI nIce pramANe che - laeNnDAranA kAlpanika saMvAda bhAga 1-2 1911-12 saMskRta sAhityano ItihAsa 1924 mahAbhAratanI samAlocanA. 1913 granthAvalokana kaLA, hAsyarasa, kAvyakaLA para lekho (sA. pariSada mATe) 151

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. maMjulAla jamanArAma dave e mULa peTalAdanA vatanI; jAte vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. emane janma saMvata 1946 nA jeTha vadI 11 (tA. 13-6-91) nA roja peTalAda gAmamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma jamanArAma lAlarAma dave tathA mAtAnuM nAma jhINubA che. emaNe prAthamika ane mAdhyAmika keLavaNI peTalAda tathA vaDodarAmAM lIdhI hatI. sana 1906 mAM meTrika thaI vaDodarA kolejamAM joDAyelA. sana 1911 mAM necarala sAyansa-vanaspati zAstra tathA prANuM vijJAna zAstranA aicchika viSaya laIne bIjA vargamAM bI. e., pAsa thayelA. sana 1915 mAM gujarAtI tathA IgrejI bhASAsAhityanA ecchika viSaya laI aMgrejImAM pahelA varganA mArkasa meLavI ema. e. nI DIgrI meLavelI. gujarAtI, IMgrejI tathA phenca sAhityanA adhyApaka tarIke temaNe kArya kareluM che. bhinna bhinna dezanAM sAhitya tathA saMskRti, e emano priyatama abhyAsaka viSaya che. sana 1916 mAM teo prathama pATaNanI nyu Treniga kelejamAM guja. rAtI bhASAsAhityanA adhyApaka nImAyelA; ane teja samayathI gujarAtI sAhityanI abhivRddhinI ke ke bhAvanAe temaNe sakuTumba sevelI: je Aja nATaye, nibaMdha, kAvyo, samIkSAo, vArtAo, carita, saMvedane, vigere rUpe prasiddha che. sana 1918 mAM teo surata ema. TI. bI. ArTasa kolejamAM IgrejInA adhyApaka nimAyA hatA. pAchaLathI sana 1921 mAM teo kolhAparamAM rAjArAma kelejamAM gayela. te pachI 1926 mAM iMgleMDa, phrAnsa ityAdi pAzcAtya dezomAM vadhu abhyAsa mATe, tema te te dezanI sArvadezIya susaMskRta pravRtti pragatinA nirIkSaNa-samIkSaNa kAje, jaI tyAMthI pI. eca DI ane DI. lITa (DokaTara oNpha phIlosophI tathA DokaTara opha lITare cara) nI mAnavaMtI paddhIo meLavI AvyA che. uparAMta yuropakhaMDane eka cheDethI bIje cheDe-ATalAMTIka mahAsAgaramAMnA erana dvIpanA jUnA jagatane cArethI te te khaMDanI prAcIna saMskRtine vahatA grIsadezanA krITanA 152

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maMjulAla jamanArAma dave dIpa sudhI pazcima pUrva temaNe musApharI AdarI che, ane anekavidha anubhavo jhIlI pazcimanA mahAna strI purUSonA nikaTa saMbaMdhamAM AvyA che. vilAyatathI pAchA pharatAM teo muMbaInI vilasana kolejamAM kenca bhASA sAhityanA mukhya adhyApaka nimAyelA ane muMbaI yunivarsITI taraphathI sthapAyelA InTara-kolejIeTa vargomAM temaNe posTa-grejyueTa vidyArthIo samakSa phenca vAlmaya te saMskRti viSayaka vyAkhyAnamALA dIdhela. sana 1929-30 mAM kalakattA yunivarsITInA Do. kAlidAsa nAga sAthe Do. maMjulAla dave paNa muMbaI vidyApIThanA ekasTenzana lekacarara tarIke nimAyelA; ane phrAnsanA lakSya sAhitya (Symbolism) para cha vyAkhyAno ApelAM. senTa jhevIara kolejanA prInsIpAla phAdhara dhura tathA muMbaImAM rahetA phrenca kensala ma. zAlAM ityAdi phencavADamaya vizArado taraphathI e vyAkhyAne prazaMsAne pAmelAM. sana 1908 mAM temane prathama lekha vaDedarA koleja miselerImAM chapAyalo. tyArabAda TAgoranA DAka-ghara-posTa oNphIsa nATakane anuvAda karela. TAgora viSe emaNe uMDo abhyAsa karelo che; ane purANakALathI prakhyAta evI dakSiNa kAnsanA mukhya nagara meMpIlI enI yunivasITInI sAhityavizArada (DaoNkaTara oNpha leTarsa) nI padavI, "lA pojhI da ravIndranAtha TAgora"-ravIndranAtha TAgoranI kavitAkalA-nAmano kenya bhASAmAM aDhIse pAnAne eka nibaMdha raju karIne meLavI che. A nibaMdha yuropa amerikAnA jANItA vidvAno tathA AMtararASTriya sanmAnane pAmela sAkSarajano taraphathI ghaNaja prazaMsAne pAmela che. gAMdhIjI jemane "pazcimanA prajJa" e nAme saMbodhe che ane jeo sAcA ja sthitaprajJa ne sAga sidhdha purUSa che, tevA ma. rameM rolAMne e nibaMdha (je pustaka rUpe prasidhdha che) parane prazaMsApatra A rItane chevahAlA mitra, ravIndranAtha TAgoranI kavitA" nAmaka susundara pustaka tame mane mokalAvyuM te mATe tamAro atyaMta AbhAra mAnuM chuM. atIva uMDerA bhAve meM tene ukelyuM che: kAnsamAM to tenI khAsa jarUra ja hatI, kAraNa tyAM jeTalA TAgora prakhyAta che teTalA paricita nathI ja. sAruM thae tamAruM pustaka e mahAnubhAva sAhityakArane tenA sarvotkRSTa prakAzamAM tenI sarva 153

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLAM bhadraM kalAmayatAmAM, AkAza pRthvIne sAMdhatA indradhanunA rMgazakalAnI jema, prakaTa-prasiddha karI rahe che. mane te emAMthI vinI mAtRbhASA baMgALInuM saMgIta paNa sUNAma zakela che-je amAre tyAMnA TAgeAranA anuvAdakA, jevA ke jhId ane jhU nathI jaNAvI zakela. kAraNa baMgALI bhASAnA saMbaMdha bhUmadhya samudra pharatI bhASAo saMge che-(dA. ta. dakSiNa phrAnsanI tema dakSiNa iTalInI bhASAe saMge che, TUMkAmAM sa` kAi rezamAnsa' bhASAe saMge.) kavivara jyAre gaI sAla vinava AvyA hatA tyAre mAnasI'" tathA "alAkA" mAMnA kAvyAnA parama rasAsvAda amane cakhADI gayelA. huM tamArA A kAne sahRdayI sanmAna bhAvavaDe vadhAvI rahuM chuM, ane e vhAlA sanmitra, tamane huM prArthanA karUM chuM mhArA aMtaranI ulthasita e bhAvanA tame satkArazeA... (sahI) rAme rAlAM. lagabhaga pAMcase jeTalAM pAnAnA DAkTara-Apha-pIleAsAjhIvALA emane bIjo nibaMdha " yurapa-eziyAnA sAhityamAMnA lakSyavAda (Symbolism)'' e paratve che. AnI prastAvanA yupanI bhinnabhinna bhASAmenA jANakAra prAphesara DAkaTara rUDameAjha brAune lakhI che. A nibaMdhamAM dUniyAnA lagabhaga vIseka sarvopari vAGamaya para samAkSeAcanA AdaravAmAM AvI che, ane pUrva pazcimanA lakSyavAdI sAhitya bhAvanI tulanAtmaka samIkSA thayelI che. emanA prakINa lekhAne saMgraha paNa bahu mATe thavA jAya che. ghaNAkharA gujarAtI mAsikAmAM emanA lekhA chapAyalA maLI Avaze; ane te anekavidha haze. theADA samayathI emaNe keTalAMka phrenca ane yura|pIya nATakonA gujarAtImAM anuvAda karavAnuM prazasya kAM upADI lIdhuM che. sAhityamAM navA navA TAipa-lekhanaprakAra-dAkhala karavAne teo bahu utsuka rahe che. emanAM patnI sva. sau. kanumhena paNa ApaNA sAhityanAM eka sArAM abhyAsI ane lekhaka hatAM. gItAMjalanA anuvAda, TAgarane te mATe InAma maLyuM, te arasAmAM emaNe gujarAtImAM utArI prakaTa karelA. emanI jIvanasmRti" tathA "AAMdhapothI'', je mAsikeAmAM prasidhdha thayelAM che te uparathI samajAya che ke emanI rasavRtti ane vivecanazakti keLavAyalI tathA vikaselI hatI. bhAvanagaranI sAhitya pariSadmAM cUMTAyalA sau. kanu 154

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maMjulAla jamanAdAsa dave bahenanA kavana" saMbaMdhIno ullekha paNa temane gujarAtanAM eka sAcAM kaviyatrI tarIke sthApI rahe che. surata amadAvAdanI sAhitya pariSadomAMnA pitAnA nibaMdho paNa teTalAja talasparzI ane AkarSaka nIvaDelA. AvAM eka sahRdayI ane sAhitya rasika patnInuM avasAna khare, du:khada nIvaDe; ane enI asara rA. maMjulAlanA keTalAka lekhomAM daSTigocara thaze. emaNe pAzcAtya saMskRti ane sAhityano mArmika temaja sUkSma abhyAsa karelo che; ane emanA lakhANamAM temanI chAyA ane chApa spaSTa uThI Ave che. pUrva tathA pazcimane saMskRti-suyoga kaI rIte sulabha thaI rahe e emanAM svama maratha ane AzAbhilASa che. | gujarAtInI peThe emanA aMgrejI lakhANane ja paNa moTo che; paNa te viSe ahIM kAMI nahiM kahIe. eTalI ja mAtra abhilASA rAkhIzuM ke emanA gujarAtI lekhomAMthI cuMTaNI thaI te saMgraha svataMtra pustaka rUpe jema bane tema jaladIthI prasiddha thaI rahe; kAraNa lagabhaga cAreka hajAra pRSTha jeTaluM A vidhAna patipatnInuM sAhitya mAsikanAM pAnAM para vIkharAyeluM paDayuM che, jene pustakAkAre prakaTa thayeluM jovA harakeI sAhityavilAsI Icchaze ja................. emanuM pustaka 1915 DAkaghara N 155

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI maMjulAla raNachoDalAla majamudAra e mULa vatanI naDiyAda pAse mahudhAnA ane jAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emane janma emanA mosALa peTalAdamAM sana 1897 nA sapTembara mAsamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma raNachoDalAla hIrAlAla majamudAra ane mAtAnuM nAma dhanAbahena jatanalAla desAI che. emaNe prAthamika zikSaNa vaDodarAmAM lIdhuM hatuM, ane sana 1913 mAM meTrIkayulezananI parIkSA vaDodarA hAIskUlamAMthI pAsa karI, baroDA kaeNlejamAM dAkhala thayelAM. sana 1918 mAM bI. e. nI DIgrI saMskRta ane aMgrejI bhASAo aicchika viSaya tarIke laIne meLavI hatI. sana 1921 mAM ee ela ela. bI. thayA ane vaDodarA rAjyanI variSTha korTamAM vakIlAta karavA mAMDI; paNa e dhaMdhe emanA sAhitya priya svabhAvane anukULa thaye nahi eTale temAM vidyAdhikArI kacerImAM joDAyA che, jyAM emane emanuM racatuM sAhityakArya, sAhityamALA saMpAdana karavAnuM, saMpAyuM che. emane priya viSaya, prAcIna sAhityane abhyAsa saMpAdana tathA saMzodhana che. emane saMskRtane paricaya ThIka ThIka che. emaNe vaDodarA zrAvaNamAsa saMskRta parIkSA, kAvya, alaMkAra ane purANanA viSayamAM ApelI che. "gujarAtanI brITIza amala pahelAMnI saMskRti" saMbaMdhI aMgrejImAM vistRta nibaMdha raju karIne ema. e. nI DIgrI sane 1929 mAM meLavI che, samAjazAstranA siddhAntanI kasoTIe caDAvI gujarAtanI sarvadazIya saMskRtine samanvaya, ghaNuM karIne emaNe ja pahelavahelo karI batAvyA che. emane prathama lekha sana 1914 mAM "vasaMta' mAM eka TUMkI vArtA rUpe, tathA baroDA kaeNleja mIselenImAM narasiMha mahetAnI kavitA viSe ema hatA. pustakarUpe emaNe pahelo prayatna "sudAmAcaritra" nI tulanAtmaka saTIka AvRttine sane 1922 mAM karyo hato. gujarAtI prAcIna sAhityane emane abhyAsa te pachI bahu talasparzI ane vistRta thavA pAmyo che, ema emaNe saMzodhana karelAM koI paNa kAvyo vAMcanAra kahI zakaze. prAcIna sAhityanuM saMzodhana ane saMpAdana kArya karavAmAM emaNe navuM gheraNa akhatyAra kareluM che; ane te gheraNa, zAstrIya, aitihAsika ane tulanAtmaka che. emanuM sudAmAcaritra le, ke abhimanyu AkhyAna lo; emanuM raNayajJa lo, ke paMcAMDanI vArtAnuM pustaka lo, te emAMthI emanA vizALa 156

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maMjulAla raNachoDalAla majamudAra samadaSTikoNanuM; emanI vidvattA ane prAcIna sAhityanA vAcana ane abhyAsanuM mApa kADhI zakAze. premAnaMdanAM AkhyAnanA abhyAsa sAthe sAthe, sAmaLabhaTTane javA mATe gujarAtI lokakathA ane vArtA sAhityanI mApaNuM ane samAna locanA emanA jevI anya koIe karelI jANavAmAM nathI. ane tene vizeSa prakAzamAM ANavAno yaza emane che. emanA sAhityakAryamAM emanAM patnI sva. sau. citanyabALA bahena paNa vizeSa madadagAra thatAM hatAM; dilagIrI mAtra e che ke e subhaga yugala lAMbo samaya sAthe rahI sAhityanI sevA karavA bhAgyazALI nivaDayuM nahi. "abhivana UMjhaNuMnAmanA paMdaramA zatakanA kAvyanI mokSanI vAcanA emaNe ja ekale hAthe karelI paDI che. te anukULatAe prakaTa thanAra che. temanA "lalitakalA tathA bIjA sAhitya-lekho" nuM saMpAdana e karI rahyA che. prAcIna kAvyanA saMzodhana ane saMpAdana kArya uparAMta emaNe "tilotamA-nAmanI apsarA sRSTinI vAttAM-" lakhI che. "lokavArtAnA sAhitya" nAM be vistRta prakaraNa saMsadunA "madhyakAlIna sAhityanA pravAho te khaMDa pamAmAM emaNe lakhyAM che. sau. dIpakabA desAIkRta "stavana maMjarI' tathA khaMDakAvyo' nA pustakano ane rA. ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAIkRta "zaMkti hRdaya' nATakanA upaghAta emaNe lakhyAM che; je sAhityanA abhyAsIe vAMcavA vicAravA jevA che. sau. dIpakabA desAInI kavitAkaLAne uttejanAra ane preranAra tarIke emane gaNI zakAya. hamaNAM temaNe temanAM sva. patnIe adhUrA mUkelA rAsasAhityanuM saMpAdana kArya "gujarAtaNone gItakallola" e nAmathI hAtha dharyuM che; ane temAM rAsa, garabA tathA garabInuM zAstrIya pRthakaraNa tathA vivecana prAcIna arvAcIna kRtiomAMthI udAharaNa sahita cAra bhAgamAM bahAra pADanAra che. emanAM anya saMpAdananI peThe te paNa sAhityarasika temaja sAhityanA abhyAsI ema ubhayane rasadAyaka ane upakAraka thaze ema AzA rahe che. mIrAMbAInAM asala padonI zodhakhoLa mATe emaNe muMbaI yunivasiTI taraphathI rIsarca grAnTa meLavI che; ane te zodhakhoLa pUrI thaye, "mIrAM-mAdhurI" nAme saMgraha teo prakaTa karavAnA che. 157

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI emanA graMthAnI yAdI: 1 premAnaMda tathA khIjAM ATha kavinAM sudAmAcaritra 2 premAnaMdakRta raNayajJa tathA vajIAkRta raNajaMga 3 tileAttamA-eka apsarA sathviI vArtA-- 4 tApIdAsakRta 'abhimanyu AkhyAna' tathA abhimanyunuM leAka sAhitya 5 lAkavArtAnuM sAhitya 6 kAvya navanIta te naLAkhyAna 7 paMcaDa'Dane khIjA' kAvyeA 8 rAmAyaNanuM rahasya 153 sana 1922 1925 1926 .. 19 99 . .. 99 ,, 1926 1927 1927 1929 1930

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yaza harihara zukala ( pIyaSa") yaza harihara zukala (pIyUSa) eo jJAtie cAturvedIya meDha brAhmaNa ane valasADanA vatanI che. emano janma tA. 13 mI mArca 1909 nA roja valasADamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma harihara gaNapatarAma zukala ane mAtAnuM nAma vijyAbahena che. eoe meTrIka sudhI abhyAsa karelo che. te pachI teo vartamAnapatranA dhaMdhAmAM joDAyelA. hamaNAM teo gujarAtI patramAM taMtrI khAtAmAM kAma kare che; temaja sana 1929nA aprilathI guNasuMdarI' strI mAsikanA sahataMtrI tarIke upayogI sevA bajAve che. te uparAMta "pIyUSa" nA takhalusathI judAM judAM sAptAhiko ane mAsikamAM avAranavAra lekho lakhe che. 159

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI ramaNalAla vasa'talAla desAi ee jAte vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa (gRhastha) che. emanA pitAnuM nAma vasaMtalAla suMdaralAla desAi ane mAtAnuM nAma sau. maNibA che. emanA janma sana 1892 mAM vaDAdarA rAjyamAM zinera gAmamAM thayeA hatA, jo ke emanuM vatana sthAna paMcamahAlamAM AveluM kAleAla che. emaNe prAthamika keLavaNI zineramAM ane mAdhyamika keLavaNI vaDAdarAmAM lIdhelI. sana 1908 mAM meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, vaDeAdarA kaeNAlejamAM joDAyalA. khI. e., nI parIkSA sana 1914 mAM ane ema. e; nI parIkSA gujarAtI aicchika viSaya laine sane 1916 mAM pAsa karI hatI. emanA priya viSaye sAhitya ane samAjazAstra che. abhyAsa pUrNa thatAM, te vaDedarA rAjyanI nekarImAM joDAyA. atyAre te navasArImAM nAyabasubA (paMcAyata zAkhA) nI paddI para che. sana 1917 thI mAsikeAmAM lekha lakhavAnuM zarU kareluM; paNa tee sana 1920 mAM emanA 'saMyukatA' nATakathI ekadama prasiddhimAM AvyA hatA. A nATaka sane 1915 mAM prathama bhajavAyuM hatuM, joke te sane 1920 mAM chapAyuM. ApaNe tyAM sArAM nATake bahu ochA lakhAya che ane temAM bhajavI zakAya evA ethI paNa jUja heAya che; paNa emanuM prathama nATaka sTeja para saphaLa nivaDayuM hatuM; ane eka sAhityakRti tarIke paNa tenI tArIpha thai hatI. te pachI emaNe "zakita hradaya" nAmanuM eka sAmAjika nATaka sana 1925 mAM racyuM hatuM, te emanA prathama nATaka karatAM vadhu kheMcANukAraka nivaDayuM hatuM; ane ghaNAM sthaLAe te hajI amayyAsa tarathI bhajavavAmAM Ave che, ethI lekhake magarUra thavA jevuM che. jema ee eka kuzaLa nATakakAra jaNAyA che tema eka navalakathAkAra tarIke paNa emanI kalama dIpI uThI che. 'ziriSa' ane kaiAkilA' je pustakA vaDAdarA mAMthI prasiddha thatA "sayAjIvijaya" patranA grAhakeAne bheTa apAyAM hatAM, temAM ApaNA sAmAjika praAA jemake saMgIta ane citrakaLAneA prazna, patita strInA prazna, mUDIvAda ane majurane prazna, eka patrakAranuM jIvana vagere sIphatathI carcI, tenAM guNa doSa prati janatAnuM lakSa doravAmAM ee krutehamaMda thayA che. ApaNA sAmAjika navalakathAkAromAM amadAvAdanA baMdhu samAjamAMnA lekhake, zrIyuta bhegIndrarAva, rAmameAhanarAya, zivubhAi pachI ee ja saunuM vizeSa dhyAna kheMcI rahyA che. 160

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ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAi vaDAdarA rAjyanI 'sayAjI jJAnamALA' mATe emaNe avakAza meLavI ApyAM che te, emanA graMthAnI yAdI nIce ApI keTalAMka pustakA lakhI che, temAM nAMdhyAM che. emanA pustakonI yAdIH 1 mahArANA pratApa (TuMkuM caritra) 2 saMyukatA (nATaka) ( sAmAjika vArtA ) ( ) ( 3 pAvAgaDha (varNana) 4 nAnA phaDanavIsa (TuMkuM caritra) 5 zakita hRdaya (nATaka) 6 jayaMta 7 zirISa 8 kaiAkilA 9 hradayanAtha 10 saMskRtinI utpatti [lADa AvakharIkRta Origin of Civilization nuM bhASAMtara] 39 ") ,, "" "" :) "" 161 sana 1919 1920 1920 1922 1925 1925 1927 1929 1930 1928 & 99 ,, . 1, 29 22 2, ""

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI rameza raMganAtha ghArekhAna e jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha; pATaNanA vatanI che. emane janma dvArakAmAM sana 14 98nA jAnyuArImAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma raMganAtha zaMbhunAtha ghArekhAna ane mAtAnuM nAma a. sau. satyabhAmAM (te baLavaMtarAya gopALarAya majamudAranA putrI) che. emaNe ghaNuMkharuM zikSaNa vaDodarAmAM ja lIdhuM hatuM. sana 1915mAM meTrika thayA pachI teo vaDodarA kaoNlejamAM dAkhala thayA hatA, ane sana 1919mAM bI. e., nI parIkSA narsa sahita sAhitya aMchika viSaya laIne pAsa karI hatI. emane priya viSaya patrakAritva che, eTale koleja choDyA pachI emaNe jUdA jUdA dainike, sAptAhika ane mAsikomAM lekha lakhavA mAMDelA; ane tenI saMkhyA AjasudhImAM bahu moTI thavA jAya che. teo "ramApati' "manorama" vi0 nI saMjJAthI leba lakhe che. hamaNAM teo bamAM prAMtika mahAsabhA samitinA maMtrI che ane raMgunamAMthI brahmadeza' nAmanuM aThavADika calAve che. te agAu temaNe "barmA vartamAna', ane dainika "hindustAnamAM upataMtrI tarIke-tathA "raMguna mela'nA taMtrI tarIke kAma kareluM. DAMgenA gAMdhI ane lenina nAmaka eka utama graMtho anuvAda emaNe karyo che; je "hiMdustAnamAM 1921mAM kramika prakaTa thayo hato. paNa durbhAgye jyAM tyAM emanI pheraphArI thatI rahetI hovAthI graMtharupe chApI zakAyo nathI. te eka svataMtra graMtha tarIke chapAvavAnI jarUra che; kAraNake temAM duniyAnA be mahAna krAntikArI vIra puruSo viSe atyaMta mananIya vicAro carcalA che. eka patrakAra tarIke emanI lekhinIno pravAha satata cAlu rahe che. lagabhaga vIzeka vArtAo, eka be nATako ane te uparAMta brahmadeza ane baramIjha prajA, emanuM jIvana ane samAjaracanA; emanA tahevAro ane emanuM lokasAhitya vagere viSayo para khAsa lekha lakhIne jANavAyogya ane upayogI mAhitI emanA aThavADika brahmadezamAM ApelI che. atyAre brahmadeza", barmAmAM vasatI gujarAtI prajAnI kimatI sevA karyo jAya cheeTaluM ja nahi paNa temanI ophIsa gujarAtI vicAra, sAhitya ane saMskRti pracAranuM te eka kendra thaI paDI che; ane bahadu gujarAta mATenA manorathe tyAM raMgunamAM siddha thatAM pratyakSa thAya che, temAM zrIyuta ramezabhAIne hisso cheDo nathI. 162

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ravizaMkara gaNezajI aMjArIA ravizaMkara gaNezajI aMjArIA e jJAtie vaDanagarA gRhastha che. mULa vatanI rAjakoTanA ane janma paNa tyAM ja saMvata 1919nA vaizAkha suda 14nA roja thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM pUruM nAma gaNezajI mAMDaNajI aMjArIA ane mAtuzrInuM nAma nirbhayakuMvara, te dhroLanA kuMvarajI aMdarajI dhoLakIAnI putrI hatAM. pitAjI sane 1888nA akabara mAsamAM rAjakoTamAM gujarI gayA te vakhate temanI sAravAra mATe ravizaMkara rAjakoTa AvyA ane jeke chevaTanI ela. ema. enDa esanI parIkSAmAM beThA paNa eka mIDavIpharInA viSayamAM gheDA mArka mATe nApAsa thayA. bIjA badhA viSayomAM te pahelA kalAsa jeTalA mArka hatA eTaluM ja nahi paNa je parIkSA pasAra karI hota to jyurIsyuDansane golDa meDala meLavavA mAtra eka mArkanI truTI hatI. gujarAtI sAta dhoraNa purAM karyA bAda aMgrejImAM meTrIkanI parIkSA sana 18 81mAM UMce naMbare pasAra karI. meDIkala kolejamAM javA ja saMkalpa hato. paNa paisAnI taMga sthitine lIdhe kolejanuM kharaca upaDe tevuM na hovAthI be varSa nokarI karavI paDI. prathama rAjakeTa-kAThiyAvADa hAiskulamAMja nokarI karI. tyArabAda tyAMnAja pAMcamA dhoraNanA TIcara mANekalAla sAkaralAla desAI kacha-hAIskula-bhUjanI heDamAstara nImAtA tenI sAthe bhUja hAIskulamAM nokara rahyA. tyAM daza mahInA nokarI karI. daramiyAna meDIkala kolejamAM abhyAsa karavA paisAnI "lona'nI vagara vyAjU sagavaDa thatAM 1883nA naveMbaramAM grAnTa meDIkala kolejamAM muMbaImAM dAkhala thaela. upara nabara hovAthI pAMca varSa mATe kolejamAMthI garvamenTa ekjhIbIzana mAsika rUpIA dazanuM maLyuM ne chevaTanI parIkSA sudhImAM uttarottara bIjI parIkSA pasAra karI. chevaTanI ela. ema. enDa esanI parIkSAmAM upara mujaba nApAsa thayA. kuTumbanAM gujarAnanI phikara, nAnA bhAIonI keLavaNInI phIkara ane paisA vagara vyAju jenA lIdhe tene pAchA ApavAnI tAlAvelImAM rAjakoTa nokarI levI paDI. tyAMthI be varasa nAMdoda nokarI levI paDI. A banne nokarI dAktarI lAinanI nahotI tethI vadhAre pagAra maLa chatAM dAktarI jJAna kaTAya e bIke koTaDA sAMgANImAM nAnA (pAMsaTha 65 rU.) pagArathI tyAMnA meDIkala ophIsaranI jagyA lIdhI. tyAM cha varSa nokarI karI ane keTaDAnA kA. sA. tathA vaDIA dara 163

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. bAra sAhebane hiMdustAnanI musApharIe javAnuM thatAM sAthe meDIkala ophIsara tarIke ravizaMkarane javuM paDayuM tethI e moTo lAbha thayo. 1898nA julAI mAsathI me. pilITIkala ejanTa karnala haMTaranA prayAsathI aMgrejI badhI davA kAThIAvADamAM banAvI zakAya evA hetuthI sTeTane samajAvI rAjakoTamAM lakSmaNa kemIkala leboreTarI ane phArmasI skula kahADI, temAM aMgreja amaladAra dAktara eca. bI nI DIrekTara tarIke ane ravizaMkaranI AsisTanTa DIrekTara tarIke nImaNuMka thaI. leboreTarImAM eka pharaja ravizaMkaranI e hatI ke Ayurvedika granthane tarajUmo aMgrejImAM kare. eka sArA vidvAna dezI vaida ane saMskRtanA abhyAsI prANazaMkara premazaMkara paTTaNInI saMskRta pustakano gujarAtImAM tarajU karavAnI nImanAka thaI hatI. ravizaMkare te gujarAtI tarajUmAnuM aMgrejI karavAnuM hatuM. AthI ravizaMkarane AyurvedanA jJAnane alabhya lAbha maLyA, je AkhI jIMdagI dAktarI dhaMdhAmAM upayogI nIvaDyo. rAjyanI khaTapaTane lIdhe karnala haMTara rITAyara thayA pachI turata rAjakeTa kemIkala leboreTarI baMdha paDI. tyArabAda 1903 thI ravizaMkarane mAMgaroLanA marahUma zekhasAheba dUsenamIyAe mAMgaLa cIpha meDIkala ophIsara tarIke nImI emane mAMgaroLa lAvyA. mAMgaroLamAM 1917nA eprila sudhI nokarI karI. ummara thavAthI vAnaprasthAvasthA mAMgaroLamAMja gALavA nizcaya karyo ane tyAMja banatI lokasevA karI pitAnuM jIvana vyatIta karI rahyA che. emanA nityajIvananI hakIkata "vagara dokaDAne vaidya" e pustakamAM emaNe ApelI che; ane tenA vAcanathI joI zakAya che ke emanuM jIvana kevuM sevAbhAvI ane kartavyaniSTha che temaja niyama ane vyavasthAnA pAlanathI ane niyamita vyAyAmathI zarIra taMdurasta ane dIrgha AyuSyavALuM thaI zake che. vizeSamAM nivRttikALamAM eka manuSya kevI rIte samAjane upayogI ane upakAraka thaI paDe, enuM pratyakSa pramANa emanuM jIvana pUruM pADe che. te jIvana khare anukaraNIya che. evI sevAbhAvanAnI vRttithI prerAIne ane sAhitya pratinA premathI AkarSAI, gujarAtI janatAne vaidaka ane Arogyane lagatuM jJAna ApavAne teo zarUAtathI prayatna karatA AvyA che. roga maTADavA karatAM roga thato aTake ane kudaratI niyamane 164

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ravizaMkara gaNezajI aMjArIA anusaratA maMdavADa kema na Ave tevI jAtane ja temane prayatna che. AjasudhImAM emaNe sAteka pustako jAte chapAvI prakaTa karyo che ane te mArgadarzaka upayogI graMtha che, ema te vAcanAra koipaNa kahI zakaze. . emanA graMthanI yAdI: 1 vahune zikhAmaNa [traNa AvRttio sana 1891 2 marakInI TuMkI hakIkata sana 1906 3 dIrdhAyu zI rIte thavAya (borDa upara gharamAM laTakAvI zakAya tevuM) sana 1914 4 nAgaranA rivAje tathA temAM thavA joitA pheraphAra sana 1900 5 sukhamaya jIMdagI sana 1918 6 vagara dokaDAno vaidya sana 1928 7 vRddhAvasthAmAM taMdurastI sana 1930 165

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI rAjendra sAmanArAyaNa dalAla ee jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa; suratanA vatanI che. emane janma tA. 12mI jAnyuArI 1983 nA rAja thayA hatA. mAtapitA baMne saMskArI ane gabhazrImaMta. pitAnuM nAma sAmanArAyaNa ane mAtAnuM nAma viyAgaurI hatuM. emanA pitAe elphInsTana kAlejamAM priviyasa sudhI abhyAsa karele; te pachI junAgaDha rAjyamAM navAbanA khAnagI zikSaka tarIke joDAyalA; paNa nikhAlasa ane svataMtra svabhAvanA hAine, rAjyanuM khaTapaTI jIvana phacyuM nahi; ane tyAMthI chUTA thaI muMbAImAM AvI zeranA dhaMdhAmAM praveza karyAM. ahiM emanI vyavahArakuzaLatA ane pramANikapaNAnI sArI AMTa baMdhAI ane eka AgevAna zeradalAla tarIke temanI gaNanA thavA lAgI. zera dhadhAmAM pravRtta rahevA chatAM emanuM saMskArI jIvana emane saMgIta ane sAhitya tarapha hameza preratuM. pAchaLathI e dhaMdhAmAM kheATa jatAM, ee nabaLI sthitimAM AvI paDayA. rAjendrarAva cha varSanA hatA tyAre te devaleAka pAmyA hatA. AvI vipad sthitimAM be putrA ane eka putrIne ucherI yeAgya zikSaNa ApavAnA ane temanA pAlaNapoSaNanI vyavasthA karavAnA bhAra viyAgaurI para AvI paDayA, je kattavya temaNe Apa huMziyArI ane khabaradArIthI sArI rIte paripUrNa karyuM. pAtAne bharatagutha ne bhAre zAkha ane kaIMka IMgrejInA abhyAsa paNa karele. temanA e- unnata saMskArA emanA putrAmAM paNa utarelA mAluma paDe che. te potAnA putra rAjendrane prasaMga paDe kahetA ke jyAM sudhI tuM grejyueTa nahi thAya tyAM sudhI huM tane paraNAvavAnI nathI. emaNe prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNu badhuM suratamAM lIdheluM ane sana 1898 mAM meTrIkanI parIkSA pAsa karelI. pachI vaDAdarA kAlejamAM dAkhala thaI sana 1902 mAM khI. e. nI paDhI bIjA vargomAM bAyalAjIne viSaya laine meLavI hatI. te vakhate kaeNAlejanA prinsipAla araviMda dheASa hatA ane emanA uttama zikSaNanI asara anya vidyArthIonI peThe rAjendrapara paNa uMDI thayalI; ane te samayathI 'Pride and Prejudice'-prAiDa ane prejyuDIza-nuM navalakathAnuM pustaka zikSatAM, gujarAtImAM evI eka navalakathA lakhavAnA saMkalpa karelA, je " vipina " mAM pariNamyA che. khI. e. thayA pachI tee sarakArI nokarImAM muMbAI sekreTarIeTamAM dAkhala thayelA; paNa cha eka mAsa thayA nahi hAya eTalAmAM emanA mAtAe emane yAtrAe lai javAnuM kahyuM. nekarInA aMgenA lAbhAnA vadhu vicAra 166

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rAjendra emanArAyaNa dalAla -hi karatAM tarata chUTA thaI, temaNe mAtAnI IcchA pUrNa karI temane saMtaLyA. te jananIe aneka sukha:kha veThIne emane ucherI meTA karyA emanI - chAne teo kema avagaNI zake ? te pachI sva. rA. bA. kamaLAzaMkara trivedInI bhalAmaNa parathI emanI 'keLavaNI khAtAmAM zikSaka tarIke nimaNuMka thayelI ane eka sAcA ane temabhAvI zikSaka tarIke kIrti ane ziSyavargane sAro cAnDa saMpAdana karelo; paraMtu emanA svAtaMtryapriya ane kharAba svabhAvane sarakArI khAtAnuM vAtAvaraNa mAphaka AvyuM nahi. tethI teo rAjInAmuM ApI, spIsI benkamAM DAyA; ane tyAM paNa AgaLa vadhavA mATe saMkaDAma | naDatAM, temaNe pIkarInA baMdhano toDI nAMkhI, muMbaI zerabajAramAM jhaMpalAvyuM. emanA mAe emane zarUAtamAM keTalIka sagavaDa karI ApI. atyAre zerabajAramAM je mAna maratabo ane upa-pramukhane ucca hodde teo bhogave che temAM emanI huMziyArI ane kAbilayata sAthe, emanA sarala ane nirAbhimAnI svabhAva ane sahRdayatAne hisse thaDa nathI. emanA mahATA bhAI vAmanarAve paNa TuMka aMdagImAM hindustAnanA ItihAsa vize be svataMtra pustake racIne sArI nAmanA meLavI che ane emanA bahena sukIrtibahena, jeo saradAra janArdana sAthe paraNyA hatA, temaNe paNa, vArasAmAM je saMskAra prApta thayelA, te khIlavIne dipAvyA che; paNa e viSe ahiM prasaMga na hovAthI vizeSa lakhyuM nathI. rAjendrarAva eka zeradalAla tarIke kAma kare che; topaNa emanA sAhityasaMskAra, nANAMnI uthalapAthalomAM macyA rahevA chatAM, keIpaNa rIte jhAMkhA paDayA nathI. emanA lekho, bhASaNa vagere prasaMgopAta kaI miTiMganA saMcAlaka tarIke ke koInA pramukha tarIke karavAmAM Ave che, temAM emanuM vAcana ane nirIkSaNa, emanA vicAra ane abhiprAya keTalA badhA anubhavI ane pakave che, te mAluma paDI Ave che. sana 1910mAM emaNe "vipina" nAmanI navalakathAnuM pustaka lakhyuM hatuM, tenI cAra AvRttio thayelI che ane eka varSa te meTrIkyulezananI parIkSA mATe pAThayapustaka tarIke pasaMda thayuM hatuM. emanuM bIjuM navalakathAnuM pustaka "mogalasaMdhyA' paNa evuM AkarSaka banyuM che. emanA pustakanI yAdI: vipina (cAra AvRtti.) sana 1918 maMgalasaMdhyA sana 1920 167

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI rAmalAla cunIlAla meAdI ee pATaNanA vatanI ane jJAtie dazA vAyaDA viNaka kAmanA che. emane janma saMvata 1946nA zrAvaNa suda 7 nA dina thayA hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma cunIlAla narabherAma ane mAtAnuM nAma khAi jaDAva-te izvaradAsa ratanajInI putrI che. temanA mAmA peAtAnI parama vaiSNavatA mATe gujarAtamAM jANItA thayelA kezavalAla IzvaradAsa hatA. emanA dhArmika vicAra upara temanI UMDI asara thai che. emaNe badhuM zikSaNa pATaNamAM lIdhuM che. temaNe sana 1908mAM pATaNa hAiskulamAMthI meTrikyulezana ane skulaphAinalanI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. te pachI te vaDedarA rAjyanA keLavaNI khAtAmAM joDAyA hatA ane hAlamAM pATaNa hAiskulamAM zikSaka che. gheADAM varSa tee uMjhA ane cANusmAnI mIDala skUlamAM heDamAstara paNa hatA. emanA priya viSaye prAcIna sAhitya ane itihAsanuM sAdhana che ane e kSetramAM keTaluMka mahatvanuM tema upayeAgI kAya karavA tee zaktimAna thayA che. emaneA prathama lekha " gujarAtI zabdakoSa'' e nAmanA sana 1909 nA me aMkamAM "buddhiprakAza''mAM prakaTa thayA hatA. te pachI emanA prakaNa lekhe, sAhitya ane itihAsa viSayaka, jUdA jUdA mAsikA ane gujarAtI aThavADikamAM prakaTa thayelA che; ane temAM ka chane kaMI vicAravAyeAgya muddAo maLI Avaze. pATaNanA vatanI hoI te sthAnika graMthakArA ane kavie mATe vizeSa mamatva dharAve e svAbhAvika che. ane emanA viSe emanuM jJAna ane mAhitI paNa maheALI che, tenI pratIti emaNe pAMcamI vaDAdarA rAjya pustakAlaya pariSada, je hamaNAM pATaNamAM maLI hatI te mATe taiyAra karelA lekha parathI thaze. teo bhAlaNanAM kAvyeAnA khAsa abhyAsI che. emaNe lakheluM bhAlaNacaritra prAcIna kavienA caritragraMthAmAM, pramANabhUta gaNAi, uMcu sthAna le che. vaLI bhAlakRta 'e naLAkhyAna 'nuM saMzodhana karavA mATe gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada taraphathI emane rU. 100)nuM pAritASika maLyuM hatuM. gu. va. sAsAiTI taraphathI 'jAlaMdhara AkhyAna, bhAlaNa, viSNudAsa ane zivadAsa e kavioe lakheluM, eDiTa karavAnuM kArya, emane soMpAyuM hatuM, je lagabhaga purUM thavA AvyuM che. 168 "

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rAmalAla cunIlAla modI prAcIna itihAsanA viSayamAM paNa emane abhyAsa prazaMsanIya che. cAvaDA viSe sAtamI sAhitya pariSada mATe lakheleA nirbaMdha, tema * dharmAraNyamAM aitihAsika tattva' e emanA vivecana paddhatinA sarasa namunAo che. A kaiATinA bIjA lekhAmAM amaracandrasUri tathA kAnhaDade prabaMdha, kAdaMbarI, sAc' svapna enAM vistRta avalAkanA paNa gaNI zakAya. temaNe prasiddha itihAsakAra jadunAtha sarakAranuM caritra vIsamI sadI mAM 1918 mAM lakhyuM hatuM ane tenuM marAThI bhASAMtara thayuM hatuM. emanA pustakonI yAdIH pATaNa siddhapurane pravAsa bhAlaNa e naLAkhyAna (bhAlaNa) 169 sana 1919 1919 1924 . ""

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka e jAte praznorA nAgara che; emanA pitA vizvanAtha sadArAma pAThaka zikSaka, ane nivRtti pahelAMnAM ceDAM varase ribaMdara TeTanA DepyuTI ejyu. InspekaTara hatA. emaNe paMcadazI, naciketA kusumaguccha, bhagavadugItA-(zaMkarAcAryane bhAga ane bIjI TIkA sahita) mahisrastAtra vagere dharmagraMthanA gujarAtImAM anuvAda karelA che, je suvAcya ane prAsAdika thayelA che. emanAM mAtAnuM nAma AditabAI karasanajI mahetA hatuM. emane janma tA. 8mI eprila 1887 mAM emanA mosALamAM dhoLakA tAlukAnA gANela gAme thayo hato. emanuM mULa vatana bhoLAda (tA. dhoLakA) che. emaNe sana 1908 mAM bI e, nI parIkSA pahelA vargamAM aicchika viSaya laiMka ane maoNrala philasuphI laIne pAsa karI. te pachI eka varasa vilasana kaoNlejamAM dakSiNa phelo tarIke temaNe saMskRtanA adhyApananuM kAma karyuM. ela ela. bI. thayA pachI prathama amadAvAdamAM temaNe vakIlAta zarU karI; paNa mAMdA paDavAthI ane gAmaDAmAM jaI rahevAnI paeNTare bhalAmaNa karavAthI teo sAdarA, mahIkAMThA ejansImAM rahyA ane tyAM sAta varSa vakIlAta karI. pachI eo ahiM-amadAvAdamAM AvI, gujarAta keLavaNI maMDaLamAM svayaMsevaka tarIke dAkhala thai, nyu IMglIza skulamAM AcArya tarIke joDAyelA; ane tene chaeka mAsa thayA nahi hoya eTalAmAM mahAtmA gAMdhIjIe vakIla, vidyArthIo vagerene sarakAra sAthe asahakAra karavA mAgaNuM karI, tyAre temaNe e zALA, je grAnTa letI hatI tene choDI dIdhI; ane gujarAta vidyApIThamAM jaI bhaLyA. zarUAtathI ja emanI mahecchA dhaMdhAmAMthI nivRtta thaI sAhitya ane samAjasevA karavAnI hatI ane e bhAvanAmAM emanAM patnI paNa emanAM sahacArI hatAM. paNa e amalamAM mUkavAno prasaMga Avyo te pahelAM eo mRtyu pAmyAM. sAhitya ane philasuphI emanA priya viSaya che. lekhanakArya emaNe bahu moTuM AraMbheluM. emane prathama lekha saMvata 1978mAM "sAbaramatI' A kaThopaniSadanuM eka AkhyAyikA rUpe nirUpaNa che. temAM mULa pAThano anuvAda akSaraza: tarI Ave evI rIte Ape che, 1570

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rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka mAsikamAM "kavi bAlAzaMkara ullAsarAma kaMthArIAnAM kAvyo" viSe lakhAya hatuM. te pachI emanI sAhitya pravRtti bahu phUlIphAlI che. gujarAta vidyA - pIThamAM hatA te daramiyAna (saM. 1978mAM) emaNe "pramANazAstra pravezikA e nAmano eka svataMtra graMtha tarkazAstra para lakhyo hate; ane "kAvya samuccaya' nAmanuM Adhunika kavionI kRtiomAMthI sArAM kAvyo cUMTI kADheluM pustaka, be bhAgamAM saM. 1980 mAM bahAra pADayuM hatuM. temAM Adhunika kAvyasAhitya viSeno UpaghAta maulika che ane e kAvyonI pasaMdagImAM ane parIkSAmAM je uMcuM dhoraNa, rasa ane kavitvanuM dAkhavyuM hatuM, tenA kAraNe e saMgrahanI khUba prazaMsA thayelI che; ane pA2evanI golDana TekarInI peThe teNe cirasthAyI sthAna prApta karyuM che. yugadharma' mAsika ubhuM karavAmAM ane tene cAlu rAkhavAmAM teo zrI IndulAla yAjJikanA sahakArI hatA. te baMdha paDyA pachI, evA eka sArA mAsikanI uNapa rahyA karatI hatI, te "prasthAne' purI pADI che ane atyAre gujarAtI mAsikamAM te prathama sthAne che, ema kahevAmAM atizakti thatI nathI. temAMya emanI nedha svairavihArInI saMjJAthI lakhAtI sAruM dhyAna kheMce che. vaLI emanI vArtAo ane manana paNa eTalAja AkarSaka nivaDyAM che. e sevAkArya emaNe gujarAta vidyApIThanA cAlu kAryano bhAra mAthe hato tyAre hAtha dhareluM ane atyAre badho samaya enI pAchaLa gALe che. gujarAta vidyApITha athavA to mahAtmAjIe je aneka kimatI ratna gujarAtane ApyAM che, temAM zrIyuta pAThakanI gaNanA thayelI che; ane emaNe emanI vidvattA ane jJAnathI, cAritra ane vartanathI ekalA vidyArthasamUhanaja nahi paNa emanA paricayamAM AvanArane temaja "prasthAna dvArA enA vAcakavarga saune cAha meLavyo che, ane tenI khAtrI, naDiyAdamAM navamI sAhitya pariSadamAM sAhitya vibhAganA adhyakSa tarIke emanI cUMTaNI thaI hatI, te parathI thaze. te prasaMge ApeluM emanuM "kAvyazakti" viSenuM vyAkhyAna mananIya vicAre raju kare che. emanAM pitAnAM temaja bIjAnI sahAyatA laIne lakhelAM pustakonI yAdI nIce mujaba che: 171

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI 1 pramANuzAstra pravezikA 2 kAvya samuccaya bhA. 1 ane 2 3 geviMda gamananuM saMpAdana 4 kAvyaprakAza (ulAsa 1thI6) 5 dhammapada 6 dvirephanI vAte 7 kAvyaparicaya bhA. 1-2 saMvata 1978 1980 1980 1980 1981 i 1985 che. 1985 172

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rAmamohanarAva urphe bindubhAI jasavaMtarAya desAI rAmamehanarAva (urpha bindubhAI) jasavaMtarAya desAI eo vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa jJAtinA (gRhastha vibhAganA) che; ane emane janma tA. 25 mI sapTembara 1873mAM amadAvAdamAM thayo hatuM. teo paMcamahAlamAM hAlolanA jamInadAra che paNa sAmAnya rIte amadAvAdamAM vase che. emanAM mAtuzrInuM nAma jAmabA bahena che. emaNe kolejanI uMcI keLavaNI lIdhelI nathI paNa khAnagI abhyAsathI pitAnuM vAcana khUba vadhAreluM che; ane keTaloka samaya hAIkorTa lIDaranI parIkSA mATe kAyadAno abhyAsa paNa karyo hato. sana 1904mAM teo nyAya-jyuDiziyala khAtAmAM joDAyelA paNa tyAM jhAjho vakhata rahelA nahi. paraMtu gharanA sukhI hoI emanuM ghaNuM kharuM jIvana sAhityanA abhyAsa ane lekhanakAryamAM pasAra thayeluM che. sana 1909 thI 1911 sudhI gujarAtI paMca'nA sahataMtrI tarIke javAbadArI svIkArelI paNa e patra sAthe temane sambandha te zarUAta thI lagabhaga che. lekha, kAvyo vagere lakhavAnuM sana 1891 thI AraMbheluM. emanuM prathama kAvya "buddhiprakAza'mAM chapAyuM hatuM. te kALanAM amadAvAdanAM ghaNAM kharAM mAsiko tathA patro jemake, AryAvatsala (1894-95)-(mAsika, pAchaLathI pAkSika) vidyuta nAgara udaya (1895-97, vyApAra ane udyoga (pAkSika), vArtA vAridhi (mAsika) (1897-1900), rAjapatrikA (sAptAhika) (1901-02), vinodinI (mAsika) (1903), vagere sAthe emane tatrI saMbaMdha hato ane temAM ghaNIvAra lekhe, kAvya, navalakathAo, vArtA, vagere lakhI mokalatA; paNa "suMdarI subodha'nA taMtrI tarIke teo vadhu jANItA thayelA che. A pramANe patrakAritva sAthe emane saMbaMdha bahu gADha ane jAne che; ane upara jaNAvelAMmAMthI keTalAMka patra evAM mAluma paDI Avaze ke jenAM nAma suddhAMta (je temanA prakAzana samayamAM prasiddha hatAM te Aja ) ghaNAMnI jANamAMye nahi hoya sana 1892mAM emaNe bIjA mitro sAthe amadAvAdamAM baMdhusamAja nAmanuM maMDaLa kADheluM (je hAlanI aneka badhu samAjamAM Adi saMsthA che ane ) je gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsamAM kAyama yAdagAra raheze; kemake temAMnA sabhyo jevA ke, bhegIndrarAva diveTiyA, zivubhAI dukaLa, DAhyAbhAI lakSmaNabhAI, tathA rAmamohanarAya vageree gujarAtI sAhityamAM rasa laI temaja tene abhyAsa karI, ane lekho, navalakathAo, vArtA, kAvyo 173

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI nibandho, ityAdi lakhIne, tenI vRddhi ane khIlavaNI mATe prayAsa karI, sArA phALA ApelA che; ane khAsa karIne suMdarI sumeAdha' nAmanuM strI, upayAgI mAsika kADhIne lagabhaga 20 varSa sudhI satata gujarAtI strIsamAjanI ane sAhityanI suMdara sevA karelI che te kadI visarAze nahi. tene yaza jo kAi eka vyaktine ApI zakAya te tenuM mAna rAmameAhanarAyane ghaTe che. 'suMdarI sukhAdha' eTale rAmameAhanarAya athavA bindubhAi eTalA badhA tee enI sAthe Atapreta thayalAM che. ee eka kuzaLa navala kathAkAra hovA uparAMta eka sArA kavi che ane emanA keTalAMka kAvyeA-rAsA te strIe|mAM bahu pramathI vaMcAya ane gavAya che. kavitAnI peThe itihAsa paNa emanA priya viSaya che; ane te viSayanuM emanu` vAcana vizALa che. emanA lekhAnI saMkhyA mATI che; paNa emanAM prakAzanAmAM yoginI' ane 'bAlA' hameza vaMcAze tathA 'taraMgAvali', emanuM kAvyanuM pustaka kAvya rasikavaga pAtAnI vAcananI chAjalI para jarUra rAkhaze. emanA lekhA ane graMthAnI yAdIH satI gaurava-pUrvAdha [navalakathA] khaMbhAtanA khUnI (navala kathA ) [prathama AvRtti khAkhara (eka laghu aitihAsika nibaMdha) Azare traNa ratnA* (TuMkI navalikAe ) yAginI (navalakathA) (prathama AvRtti.) 29 22 99 sana 1894 1299 1895 1897 174 ,, 1904 ,, khAlA (navalakathA) sana 1912 rasilI vArtAe bhA. 1 leA (TUMkI vArtAe) (prathamA AvRtti.) sana 1904 bhA. 2 jo (,, taraMgAvali (kAvyA gIta-rAsa) ,,) sana 1921 sana 1918 sana 1926 sana 1927 17 .. vIsamI sadInuM ApaNuM strI jIvana. mahAkavi zrI nhAnAlAla. sana 1908 brahmarSinuM maneArAjya (gAvana smAraka) (vasanta) amadAvAdanA saMkSipta itihAsa (amadAvAdanA 'jIvanavikAsa''mAM.) sana 1921 # chellI vArtA zivAya.

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ratilAla harilAla paMDayA raMjitalAla harilAla paMDayA jAte vaDanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa che. emane janma naDiyAdamAM sana 1896 mAM Aze vada 14 nA roja thayo hato. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa naDiyAdamAM lIdheluM. teo ela ela. bI. nI parIkSA pAsa karyA pachI iglAMDa jaIne bArisTara thaI AvelA. atyAre muMbAinI hAIkorTamAM teo vakIlAta kare che. emanA priya viSayo citrakaLA ane tattva jJAna che. gujarAtI kavitA paNa sArI lakhe che. temane surata sAhitya pariSada taraphathI Adhunika ane prAcIna kAvya para nibaMdha lakhavA mATe pAritoSika maLyuM hatuM. sana 1917 mAM sva. delatarAma viSe emaNe buddhi prakAza" mAM lekha lakhelo. sana 1926 mAM "rAmanI kathA" e nAmanuM kAvya prasiddha thayuM hatuM, jene sAhityakAra taraphathI sAro satkAra thayA hatA. navA lekhakemAM emanuM sthAna AgaLa paDatuM che. rAmanI kathA" kAvya sane 1926 15

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI vijayarAya kalyANarAya vaidya ee jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che; emanA pitAnuM nAma kalyANarAya zaMkaraprasAda vaidya ane mAtAnuM nAma zivacchiAlakSmI che. emanA janma bhAvanagaramAM sana 1897 mAM thayA hatA. prAthamika zikSaNa emaNe bhAvanagara darakhArI nizALamAM meLavyuM hatuM ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa bahudhA gAkaLadAsa tejapALa hAIskula muMbaImAM lIdhuM hatu. temaNe sana 1914 mAM meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, prIviyasa vilasana kaoNlejamAMthI ane pachI bhAvanagara kAlejamAM joDAyalA ane pAchaLathI bI. e; thatAM sudhI pharIthI kaeNAleja abhyAsa muMbAimAM karelA, jyAMthI sana 1920mAM tee khI. e; thayalA. kaiAlejamAM abhyAsa karatA hatA te daramiyAna gujarAtImAM lekhA lakhavA zarU karelA. emanA prathama lekha vIsamI sadI'mAM ane prathama kAvya sana 1919 mAM "vinAda kAnta" e saMjJAthI gujarAtI" mAM chapAyA hatA. kAlejanA abhyAsa pUro thatAMja emaNe sAhityakSetramAM jhaMpalAvyuM, jANe eja kAmAM peAtAnuM samagra jIvana aNu karavAnA hAya ! sana 1920 mAM suratamAMthI nikaLelA cetana" mAsikanuM sahataMtrIpada svIkAryuM ane te traNa varSa (eprila 1923) sudhI calAvyuM hatuM. te darimayAna tee "hindustAna" aThavADikanA taMtrI thayalA (sana 1911-22) ane sana 1923 thI 24 (mArca Akhara lagI) jANItA gujarAta" mAsikamAM upataMtrI tarIke kArya kareluM. sana 1925 mAM thADA mAsa "yuga dharma" mAM upataMtrI nimAyalA; paNa e sa kAthI emane saMteASa thayalA nahi. jyAre sana 1924 mAM (AkaTobara tramAsika "kaumudI" kADhavAne te zaktimAna thayA tyAre mAluma paDayuM ke eka kramika patra mATe emane Adarza keTalA ucca hatA ane kevA prakAranA mAsika sAhitya mATe emane jIva talasatA hatA. chellAM pAMca varSathI teo "kaumudI" (je 1930 nI zarUAtathI mAsika rUpe nIkaLe che) keTakeTalI muzkelIomAM ane kevI kevI AzAnirAzAmAM nibhAvI rahyA che, e jema eka tema e virala bhAga, peAtAnA dhyeyanI prApti mATe, e mATe khacita emanA mATe mAna pedA kare che. rAmAMcaka kathA che sAhitya sevAvrata 176

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vijayarAya kalyANurAya vaidya eka samatha vivecaka tarIke emaNe pratiSThA pADelI che ane gujarAtI mAsikAmAM Aje emanuM patra "kaumudI' uMcuM ane ane khu sthAna bhogave che, e patrakAratva viSenA emanA ucca Adarzo ane bhAvanAnuM phaLa che. emanA graMthAmAM atyAre, jUdA jUdA mAsikAmAM lakhelAM rasakalpanAtmaka lakhANeAne saMgraha, je "prabhAtanA rga' nAme sane 1920 mAM prakaTa thayaleA teja che. emanuM pustakaH prabhAtanA raMga 23 * 177 1927

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI vizvanAtha prabhurAma vaidya ee jJAtie praznArA nAgara-brAhmaNa ane pAraaMdaranA vatanI che; paNa lAMbI mudatathI muMbaImAM rahe che. emaneA janma saMvata 1919 nA phAlguna suda 8 te dine porabaMdara gAme thayA hatA. emanAM mAtAnuM nAma sA. raLiAta ane pitAnuM nAma prabhurAma jIvanarAma vaidya, jemaNe eka anubhavI ane kuzaLa vaidya tarIke sArI pratiSThA ane nAmanA meLavyAM hatAM. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika keLavaNI emaNe pAraaMdara ane muMbAImAM anukrame lIdhelI. sane 1893 mAM meTrIkayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI, sane 1884 mAM ekSpInasTana kAlejamAM jeDAyelA. khI. e., nI parIkSA (1) nyAya (Logic) ane nItizAstra (Moral Philosophy), temaja (2) aMgrejI ane saMskRta (zAMkarabhASya sAthe) acchika viSaya lakhate trIjA vargomAM pAsa karI hatI. sane 1894mAM seAlIsITara thavA mesasa bhAIzaMkara ane kAMgAnI AphsimAM joDAyalA. paNa pachIthI sane 1901 mAM khAriSTara thavA IMglAMDa gayA. sane 1902 mAM erienTala koMgresamAM gayA ane sane 1904 mAM khAriSTara thai muMbaI hAikAmAM joDAyA. emaNe anya rAkANeA chatAM sAhitya vAcana ane lekhana kA cheDayuM nahatuM.emanuM prathama pustaka 'sarasvatIcandranuM avalokana' sane 1890mAM prasiddha thayuM hatuM. emaNe eka purAtatvajJa tarIke sArI kIti meLavelI che. tee muMbAInI rAyala eziyATika sAsAyaTInA ghaNA varSoMthI sabhya che ane tenA upa-pramukha tarIke paNa Aja daza varSa thayAM kAma karI rahyA che. emanI vidvatA ane purAtatva viSayenI prItinA kAraNe pahelI eriyanTala kAMgresa pUNAmAM sane 1919 mAM maLelI tenA svAgatamaDaLanA adhyakSanuM pada emane apAyuM hatuM, hamaNAMja sate 1926 mAM laDAI pachI bharAyelI 17 mI InTaranezanala eriyanTala kAMgresa (je. AkSa -IMglAMDa) mAM bharAi tyAM eee jAte hAjara thaine phasAvAyo paniSadU upara nibaMdha vAMcyA hatA; jemAMte thoDAka bhAga bahu prAcIna che evuM batAvavA temAM prayatna karyAM hatA. vaLI mahAbhAratatI saMskAravALI saMzodhita AvRttinuM kAma taiyAra karAvavAmAM hindusthAnanA vidrAne sArI rIte kAma karI zake ane tethI temanA kAmane uttejana maLavuM joie, evuM darzAvavA evA 17 mI InTaranezala erienTala kAMgresamAM gayA hatA. ane tyAM AgaLa temanA prayAsathI kaoNMgresanA hindI vibhAganI madadathI 178

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tizvanAtha prabhurAma vaidya emanA maMtavyane anukULa traNa TharAvA pasAra karAvyA hatA. mahAbhAratanA kAmamAM madada karavA yurapamAM jeTalI mahAbhAratanI pratA hAya tenuM saMzodhana karAvI pAThAntareAnI vigata pUNAnI bhAnDArakara erienTala rIsarca insTITayuTane pahoMcADavI evA paNa TharAva karavAmAM AvyA hatA. vaLI teo gujarAtI sAhitya pravRtti sAthe paNa saMsaga rAkhI rahyA che; ane taka maLe pariSadamAM hAjarI Ape che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH (1) sarasvatIcandranuM avalAkana, prathama AvRtti. (ra) vedAnta darzana prathama AvRtti [jemAM nIce jaNAvelAM pAMca lekhAne samAveza che.] 4. tatvaviveka, 4 bhUtaviveka, hra gaurIzaMkara ojhAnA jIvana uparavicAra, rU. pA. OMAyasananA vedAnta vicAra. ga. madrAsnAya. (3) lADa lArensanuM jIvanacaritra. ( gujarAta va. sA. ) (4) advaitAmRtaH (vedAnta carcAnI vArtA). (5) A dharma prakAza mAsikamAM AvelA lekhe, (1) pramANu vicAra (2) bhaktarAja sane 1890 1900 179 "" sane 1895 1904 19 (3) nyAyazAstra (4) AcAranItinI pati. (6) bhAsaCna upara lekha (eriyanTala keoNMgresamAM) (7) nyAyasAraH prathama AvRtti (8) phezavopaniSatramAM AkasaphoDa khAte bharAyelI 17mI InTaranezanala AriyanTala kAMgresa mATe nibaMdha,, sa. 1955 sa. 1964 sa. 1958 sa. 1894 sane 1924 1909 19 1929

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa e jAte audicya brAhmaNa, ziheAra saMpradAya, gAhilavADI vibhA ganA che. emanA pitAnuM nAma maganalAla jayAnaMda bhaTTa ane mAtAnuM nAma gAmatI-hena kakalabhAi che. emane janma bhAvanagara rAjayamAMnA umarALA gAmamAM tA. 20 mI mArca 1898 nA rAja thayA hatA. prAthamiH cAra dhAraNanA abhyAsa potAnA vatana gAma umarALAmAM karyAM hatA; ane mAdhyamika iMgrejI keLavaNI pahelA traNa dhAraNA amadAvAda, ceAthu dheAraNu junAgaDha, pAMcamAthI sAtamuM dheAraNa amarelI hAiskulamAM ane tyAMthI sana 1916 mAM temaNe meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pasAra karI hatI. te pachI bhAvanagara sAmaLa" dAsa kAlejamAM teo dAkhala thayalA ane eja kaeNAlejamAMthI sana 1920 mAM saMskRta ane IMgrejI sAhitya aicchika viSayA laine khI. e. nI parIkSA pAsa karI hatI. ema. e., mATe muMbAI jane cha eka mAsa abhyAsa karelA paNa te arasAmAM mahAtmA gAMdhIjInI asahakAranI caLavaLe emanA vicAra ane bhAvanA para uMDI asara relI; ane tyArathI emanA jIvanamAM mATuM parivarttana thayuM hatuM. sana 1924nA phebruArImAM teo bharUca keLavaNI maMDaLamAM AjIvana sabhya tarIke joDAyA; ane tyAM e* sAcA sevAbhAvI zikSaka tarIke pratiSTA pADI hatI; paNa pAchaLanI e maMDaLanA zikSaNakramamAM aheALA pheraphAra karavAmAM AvyA tyAre ee temAMthI chUTA thai " kAmudI sevakagaNa"mAM sAhityasevAnI vRttithI joDAyA. te pUrve emaNe bharUca keLavImaMDaLa mATe gadya navatIta' nAmanuM ApaNA sAhityamAMthI uttama gadyanA namunAnuM pustaka sana 1926 mAM saMpAdita karyuM hatuM, je jotAM, emA ApaNA sAhityanA abhyAsa ane avaleAkana keTaluM vyApaka ane khArIka che, te sahaja spaSTa thAya che. bharUca hatA e daramiyAna emaNe vasanta''mAM IMgrejI zabdonA paryAya ApaNA ziSTa lekhakeAe gujarAtImAM yeAjelA tene eka saMgraha karI, vadhu carcA ane vivecana mATe lakhI meAkalele, tenI upayeAgitA sAe svIkArelI. te parathI eka pAribhASika zabdakaiASa taiyAra karI ApavAnuM kA gu. va. sAsAITI taraphathI emane soMpAyuM che ane te pustaka hAlamAM chapAya che. kAmudIgaNunI Arthika sthiti taMga thai paDatAM, tee temAMthI chUTA thayalA ane gujarAta vidyApIThamAM gujarAtI joDaNI kASanA kAmAM mada 180

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vizvanAtha maganalAla bhaTTa karavA emanI nimaNuMka thayelI. "AvuM kema sUjhayuM?" e nAmane TaeNlasTayanI vArtAne anuvAda e samayamAM lakhI Apelo ane gaMDala rAjya eka vistRta gujarAtI koSanI yojanA karI, te kArya AraMvyuM temAM emane paNa rokavAmAM AvyA hatA, paNa tenA ghoraNa saMbaMdhe tIvra matabheda uThatAM, ekAda varSa kArya karyA pachI temAMthI teo chUTA thayA che. emanA priya viSaya sAhitya ane bhASAzAstra che; ane e viSayone emano abhyAsa bArIka ane uDe che. eoe eka lekhaka tarIke sArI AbarU meLavelI che. emanA graMthanI yAdI gadya navanIta AvuM kema sUjhayuM?' pAribhASika zabdakoSa sana 1926 , 1928 ka 1930 181

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI leDI vidyAgavarI ramaNabhAi nIlaka emanA janma amadAvAdamAM tA. 1 lI jIta 1876nA roja thaye hatA. emanA mAtuzrInuM nAma bALAsna, jeo saradAra bheALAnAtha sArAbhAinA putrI thAya. emanA pitA geApIlAla maNilAla dhruva, e paNa amadAvAdanA vatanI hatA ane tee sarakArI jyuDiziyala khAtAmAM nAjharanA meATA heAddA sudhI pahoMcyA hatA. emaNe peAtAnI chekarIone, je vakhate strI keLavaNI jevuM kaMi naheAtuM ane te sAme sakhta virodha thatA hatA e jamAnAmAM, ghaNA zrama ane kharca veDIne, mAtra prAthamika ane mAdhyamikaja nahiM paNa ghaNA leAkApavAda sahana karIne kAlejIeTa zikSaNa suddhAMta-levAne sagavaDa karI ApI hatI, e emanI himmata ane aDaga nizcaya mATe mAna pedA kare che. leDI vidyAhene keLavaNInI zarUAta rA. bA. maganabhAI kanyAzALAmAMthI karelI, je saMsthAnA tee atyAre lAMbI muddatathI AnararI sekreTarI che; ane IMgrejI hAIskulanuM zikSaNa mahAlakSmI TreniMga phaeNlejamAM lIdheluM; te pachI sana 1891mAM temaNe meTrikayulezananI parIkSA pAsa karI. daramiyAna sane 1889mAM emanuM lagna sara ramaNabhAI sAthe thayuM hatuM; paNa lagna saMbaMdha thayA chatAM emanA abhyAsamAM aDacaNa AvI niha. ee ane emanA nAnA mhena sau. zAradAmhene gujarAta kaeNAlejamAM dAkhala thaI, kaeNlejanuM zikSaNa laI te strIe mATe mArga mekale karyo. ee baMne heneAe sAMsArika kavya adA karavAnI sAthe sana 1901mAM bI. e., nI parIkSA pAsa karI. gujarAtImAM bI. e. nI padavI meLavanAra e baMne mhenA prathama ja hatA; ane amadAvAdanA zikSita vage, e prasaMgane, emane mAnapA arpIne, aitihAsika karyo che. te pachI eka uttama gRhiNI tarIke potAnuM karttavya karavAnI sAthe jAhera jIvanamAM paNa emaNe peAtAnA phALeA ApavAnuM cAlu rAkheluM che; ane atyAre tee amadAvAdanI saMkhyAbaMdha jAhera sasthA sAthe sekreTarI, pramukha ke menejIMga kamiTInA sabhya tarIke saMbaMdha dharAvatA haze. jAhera kAryomAM bhAga levAnI sAthe-ane e kAya nI javAbadArI gheADI vA echI nathI,-emane lekhana vyavasAya ane abhyAsa paNa cAlu che. sana 1896thI emaNe 'jJAna sudhA'mAM lekhA lakhavAnuM zarU kareluM. sana 1907mAM rameza dattanI vAttA~ Lake of the Palmsne sudhAhAsinI" 182

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leDI vidyAgaurI ramaNabhAi nIlakaMDa nAmathI anuvAda karelA ane te pachI sana 1915mAM vaDAdarAnA mahArANIzrIe Position of Women in India e nAmanuM pustaka IMgrejImAM lakheluM tenuM 'hindustAnamAM strIenuM sAmAjika sthAna' e nAmathI tarajumeA karyAM hatA; ane vaLI emanA chUTaka lekhAne hAsya maMdira'mAM samAveza karavAmAM AvelA che. emanI e sAhitya pratinI abhiruci ane jJAnanA kAraNe temaja e kuTuMbane sAmATI sAthene lAMkhA saMbadha vicArIne sara ramaNabhAI, jee gu. va. seAsAiTInA ena. sekreTarI hatA, emanI mAMdagI daramiyAna, e jagAe emanI pasaMdagI kamiTIe karI hatI, je sevAkAya te adyApi sArI rIte karI rahyA che. vaLI teo amadAvAda myunisipAleTInA sarakAra niyukta sabhAsada ane skulabeADanA vAisa ceramena che. emanA sAnika kAryonI kadara khujI sarakAra taraphathI emane e vAra kAme maLelA che, sana 1918mAM ema. bI. I ne ane sana 1926 mAM kaisare hindu (sekanDa kalAsa)ne; ane ee keTalA badhA janatAmAM leAkapriya ane mAnItA che, tenI pratIti eTalA parathI thaze ke e ane prasaMgeAe emane maLelAM e mAnanI khuzAlImAM jAhera meLAvaDAo thai, mAnapatrA ApavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. emanA graMtheAnI yAdIH sudhAhAsinI (Lake of Palmsne anuvAda.) hiMdustAnamAM strInuM sAmAjika sthAna ( Position of Women in Indiane anuvAda. ) 183 sana 1907 ,, 1915

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. so. vimaLAgavarI motIlAla setalavADa eo jJAtie brahmakSatriya, vatanI amadAvAdanA, rA. hariprasAda DAhyAbhAI chatrapatinA putrI, sva. dI. bA. aMbAlAla sAkaralAla desAIne dohitrI ane sara cImanalAla setalavADanA putravadhu thAya che. prAthamika zikSaNa raNachoDalAla choTAlAla khADIA kanyAzALAmAM lIdheluM ane IMgrejInuM jJAna strIo mATenI mahAlakSmI TreniMga koleja sAthenI hAIskUlamAM lIdheluM; te pAchaLathI khAnagI abhyAsa karI khUba vadhAreluM che. emane janma tA. 21 mI sapTembara 1893nA roja thayo hato. ane lagna sana 1907mAM sara cImanalAlanA jyeSTha putra motIlAla, jeo muMbaI hAIkorTanA eDavokeTa che, emanI sAthe thayuM hatuM. zArIrika svasthatA barobara rahetI nahi hovAthI teo ghaNokhare samaya muMbAI bahAra havAphera mATe rahe che ane je samaya maLe che te badhe vAcana aneM abhyAsamAM gALe che. temane vijJAna prati vizeSa abhirUci che. e viSe keTalAMka chUTaka lekha lakhelAM, te badhAM ekatrita karI jUdA pustakarUpe chapAvA mAMDayA che, je saMgraha eka suMdara pustaka thaI paDaze. vaLI temaNe aMkala Tamsa kebina nAmanA jagaprasiddha pustakane "gulAmagIrIne gajaba" e nAmathI anuvAda karelo che ane e bIjo anuvAda skoTanI suprasiddha kRti "AIvAna hAne karyo che, je graMtha gu. va. sAITIe be bhAgamAM chapAvyo che. ApaNe ahiM strIlekhikAo gaNIgAMThI che; temAM A bahenane samAveza thAya che; ane emanA graMthamAM paNa susaMskAra ane jJAnanI chApa paDelI jaNAya che. temaNe IgleMDa yUrapanI musApharI karelI che. bALavArtAo paNa keTalIeka lakhI che teno saMgraha prasiddha thAya to te eka sAruM bALopayogI pustaka thAya. emanA pustakonI yAdI gulAmagIrIne gajaba sana 1918 AIlenDe bhA. 1 lo che 1926 bhA. 2 je 1927 bALavijJAna bhA. 1 le ,, 1930 * pustakalAya sahAyaka sahakArI maMDaLI lI. taraphathI chapAya che. 184

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sau. zAradA sumanta mahetA saM. zAradA sumanta mahetA eo jJAtie vaDanagarA nAgara che. emano janma tA. 26 juna sana 1882nA roja amadAvAdamAM thayo hato. emanA pitAnuM nAma gopIlAla maNilAla dhruva, jeo divAnI korTamAM lAMbo samaya sudhI nAjhara hatA ane mAtAnuM nAma bALAbahena, jeo saradAra bhoLAnAtha sArAbhAInAM putrI hatAM. emaNe prAthamika keLavaNI bahudhA rA. bA. maganabhAI kanyAzALAmAM ane aMgrejI mAdhyamika keLavaNI mahAlakSmI TreniMga koleja phora vimenanA aMgenI sarakArI garlAs hAIskUlamAM lIdhelI. hAnapaNamAM pitAnI umareTha badalI thaI, bahAragAma rahevAnuM thatAM, pitAnA para kevA saMskAra paDelA, temaja te samaye aMgrejI keLavaNI lenAra strIvarga prati hindu samAja taraphathI kevA ane ghaTita AkSepa mUkAI, temanA mArgamAM muzkelIo ubhI karavAmAM AvatI hatI, e badhI hakIkata "zAradA' mAsikamAM emanuM AtmavRttAMta Ape che, temAM emaNe roSa dAkhavyA vinA ramUjabharI rIte varNavI che; ane te sAthe strIkeLavaNu viSe lokabhAvanA ane vicAramAM kevuM parivartana thavA pAmyuM che, tene temAMthI accho citAra maLe che. I. sa. 1897mAM e meTrIkamAM pAsa thayelA; ane I. sa. 1898 thI1901 sudhI amadAvAdamAM gujarAta kolejanA abhyAsamAM eTalI vizeSa anukULatA hatI ke emanA moTA bahena leDI vidyAgavarI emanI sAthe hatAM; ane e baMne bahenoe sana 1901mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA phaijIka ane marala phIlosophI aicchika viSaya laIne pAsa karelI, je gujarAtamAM strI keLavaNInA itihAsamAM eka avana ane apUrva banAva hato ane je sadA suvarNa akSare aMkita raheze. emanuM lagna sana 1899 mAM suratanA jANItA sudhAraka De. baTukarAmanA jyeSTha putra zrIyuta sumantabhAI sAthe thayuM hatuM. emanA patinA vilAyatanA vasavATa daramiyAna temaja vaDodarAmAM AvI vasyA pachI, pati patnI vacceno saMbaMdha ane prema kevI rIte vikAsa pAmato jato hato ane e jotuM vaDodarAmAM saMskArI jIvana khIlavavA kevA prayatno karatuM tema svadezI mATe emane kevo raMga zarUAtathI lAgele, enuM rasika vRttAMta upara ullekha karelA emanA AtmavRttAMtamAM maLI Ave che. jAhera ane sAmAjika hilacAlamAM teo zarUAtathI rasapUrvaka bhAga 185

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI letA ane strI keLavaNI temaja strI jIvana vikAsa mATe satata prayatna karatA; De. sumantabhAIe chellAM daza varSathI dezasevA khAtara vaDodarA rAjyanI moTI ane mAnabharI nokarI choDI dIdhI, tyArathI e baMne pitAno badhe samaya janahitanA kAryamAM gALe che; ane bAraDolI satyAgrahanI laData vakhate tema atyAre mahAtmAjIe zarU karelA sabarasanA saMgrAmamAM teo keTalo kimatI phALo ApI rahelA che, e badhI hakIkata janatAne suvidita che. emanuM kuTuMba meTuM tema saMskArI ane suzikSita che. gRhajIvana keTaloka samaya mAgI le ja; ane jAhera hilacAlamAM paNa ghaNe samaya vyatita thAya. tema chatAM niyamita vAcana ane abhyAsa te khareja. e abhyAsavRttinA pariNAme, je kAMI avakAza maLe temAM teo keTaluMka lekhana kArya karavA zaktimAna thayA che; ane emanI pustaka pravRtti paNa emanA anya kAryonI peThe yazasvI nivaDI che. emanA graMthonI yAdI purANonI bAlabodhaka vArtAo ane bALakonuM gRhazikSaNa sana 1905 sudhAhAsinI ( leDI vidyAbahena sAthe ) sana 1977 [zrI. ramezacaMdra dattanA The Lake of Palms nuM bhASAMtara phalorensa nAITagelanuM jIvanacaritra sana 1907 hiMdustAnanA sAmAjika jIvanamAM strInuM sthAna (leDI vidyAbahena sAthe) ,, 1911 ['The Position of women in India'al Hal] 186

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zaMkaraprasAda chaganalAla rAvala zaMkara prasAda chaganalAla rAvala zaMkara prasAda rAvaLane janma sane 1887 nA jAnyuArInI chavvIsamI tArIkhe emanI vatanabhUmi vaDedarA (mahIkAMThA ejansI) mAM thayo hato. vaDodarA gAma amadAvAda prAMtIja relavenA DabhoDA sTezanathI eka mAIlane Asare nAnI khArI nadIne kAMThe AveluM che. e jJAtie udIcya sahastra brAhmaNa che. emanA kuTuMbane dhaMdhe khetIno che. emanA pitAnuM nAma chaganalAla jAdavajIe bahoLA vastArI hatA ane emanI sthiti sAdhAraNa hatI. zaMkara prasAde emanA gAmanI sarakArI gujarAtI nizALamAM pAMca varSanI ummare abhyAsa zarU karyo. emanI nava varSanI vaye emanA pitAnuM kolerAthI ekAeka avasAna thayuM. kuTuMbamAM bIjo koI purUSa na hovAthI enA nirvAhane bhAra emanI mAtA jaDAvabAIne mAthe paDaye. vaDodarA gAmamAM traNa dhAraNA purAM karI zaMkaraprasAda emanI bahenane tyAM bharUca vadhu abhyAsa karavA gayA. bharUca myunIsIpAlITInI chaThThA naMbaranI (navA daherAnI) ane pahelA naMbaranI (lAla bajAranI) zALAmAM emaNe pAMca dhAraNu purA karyA. A pachI sarakArI ziSyavRttionI hariphAInI parIkSA pAsa karavAthI mAsika rUpIA traNanI madada maLavAthI emaNe bharUcanI laeNkahitecchu sabhAnI e. vI. skulamAM aMgrejI abhyAsa zarU karyo. aMgrejI trIjA dhoraNamAM hAIskula skolarazIpa rUpIA pAMcanI dara mAse maLavAthI emaNe bharUcanI dalAla hAiskulamAM praveza karyo. ane 1906 mAM upale naMbare meTrIka ane skula phAInala parIkSA pAsa karI. pitAno abhyAsa jArI rAkhavA emane tIvra IcchA hatI paNa kuTuMba nirvAhanI cAlu citAne lIdhe e IcchAne dabAvI devA sivAya bIjo mArga nahe. 1908 mAM muMbAI jaI emaNe rajIsTrezana khAtAmAM sarakArI nokarI lIdhI. paNa temanI abhyAsika vRttinA UchALAonA dabANathI tenuM rAjInAmuM ApI sane 1908 mAM muMbaInI vilsana kelejamAM emaNe abhyAsa karI zarU karyo. paNa divase divase vadhatI jatI ke TuMbika cintAoe vaLI pharI abhyAsamAM khalela karyuM ne te varSa niSphaLa javAthI zarIra bagaDatAM muMbAI 187

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI choDI pharI bharUca AvI tyAMnI aMgrejI zALAmAM sane 1909 mAM zikSakanI nokarI lIdhI. sane 1903 mAM emanuM prathama lagna thayuM hatuM. bIjI vAranuM lagna sane 1911 mAM thayuM hatuM. zaMkaraprasAdane cheka bAlyAvasthAthI kavitA tarapha khAsa abhirUci hatI. bharUcamAM e rasavRttine ghaNuM ja piSaNa maLyuM. pAThayapustakonA abhyAsa uparAMta bahAranuM puSkaLa vAMcana vAMcavAnI emane cAlu Teva hatI. bharUcanA navA daherAnA oTale jAmatI bhArata ane rAmAyaNanI rasika kathAo ane pratyeka cAturmAsanI bhAgavatakathA pratye emane adabhuta zekha hato. ApaNI A vIra saMhitAonA ekake eka prasaMgathI e cheka nAnI umaramAMja suparicita thaI gayA hatA. "narmagadya' emanuM khAsa priya pustaka hatuM. dalapatazAhI kAvya jevAM joDakaNAM joDavAno emane eka nAnI umarathI prema hato ane hAiskulamAM jatAM piMgaLa vagerenA vAcanathI prerAI kAvyo lakhavAnuM emaNe zarU karI dIdhuM hatuM. TuMkI vArtAo lakhavAne paNa emaNe eja arasAmAM AraMbha karyo hato. zikSaka jIvananA suyogathI gujarAtI sAhityanAM aMgone rItasara abhyAsa karavA e prerAyA hatA. sAhityanI vAcana ane lekhana pratye emane preraNA karanAra AvI vyaktiomAM e ghaNIvAra svargastha mANekalAla jagajIvanadAsa suratI (bharUcanA loko emane "vilAyatI' upanAmathI oLakhatA) ne e khAsa pUjyabhAvathI yAda kare che. emanA saMskRta ane aMgrejI abhyAsanI zarUAta karanAra e purUSa hatA. samabhAvI mitramaMDaLa emanuM bIjuM baLa preraka hatuM ane emAM khAsa karIne sva. mUlacaMda telIvALA, rA. rA. haribhAI amIna ane te vakhatanAM bhAgaeNvayuvaka maMDaLanA sabhyo rA. kanaiyAlAla munazI vagere hatA. narmadAnA sauMdaryataTa upara unALAnI ghaNI eka ramya saMsthAo emaNe A sAhitya ane saMgIta rasika mitramaMDaLImAM gALI hatI. zaMkara prasAde A arasAmAM bhASAMtararUpe ane svataMtrapaNe ghaNuM kAvya lakhyAM che. ane tyArathI atyAra sudhI avAranavAra e kAvyalekhana cAlu rahyuM che. sana 1915mAM emaNe golDasmIthanA DejharTa vilejanuM 188

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zakaraprasAda chaganalAla rAvala "9 " bhAgeluM gAma e nAmathI bhASAMtara pragaTa karyuM. " kathAvihAra '" nAmathI emanA kAvyasaMgraha prasiddha thanAra che. gujarAtanAM judAM judAM mAsikAmAM emanI emanI keTalIka navalikAe prasiddha thai che ane A prasiddha ane aprasiddha vArtAonA eka sArA saMgraha thai zake tema che. bhaktakavi yArAmabhAinuM jIvanacaritra lakhI te sane 1919 mAM prasiddha karAvyuM che. "" 99 muMbAinI gujarAtI sAhitya sauMsadanA e AraMbhathI sabhAsada che. emanA vivecanalekhAnI saMkhyA paNa meATI che. gujarAtI gadyasAhityane vikAsa " yArAmanI geApI," " sAhityakalA ane zrIyuta munazInI sAhityakRtio '' vagere vagere lekhA emanA utsAha ne uMDI abhyAsavRttinA purAvA che. emanA graMthAnI yAdIH bhAMgeluM gAmaDuM dayArAmanuM jIvanacaritra prameAdha batrIsI 189 sana 1915 1919 1930 ', 39

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zivaprasAda dalapatarAma paMDita zivaprasAda dalapatarAma paMDita ee jAte visalanagarA nAgara brAhmaNa (gRhastha vibhAganA ) che. emanA janma amadAvAdamAM tA. 15 mI egasTa 1885 te dine thaye hatA. emanA pitAnuM nAma dalapatarAma hImatarAma paMDita ane mAtAnuM nAma maNimhena che. emanA pitA rAjapUtAnAmAM kATArAjyamAM mhoTA adhikAra upara hatA ane tyAM emaNe ekaniSThA tathA pramANikapaNe rAjyanI sevA karI, jakAta, bAga, tathA kArakhAnAnA khAtAMone suvAsthita pAyA upara mUkyAM hatAM. kATAmAMja lagabhaga 43 varSanI vaye emanA pitAne TAMgAmAM besIne pharavA jatAM akasmAta IjA thaI ane hene pariNAme hemanuM mRtyu nIpajyuM. zivaprasAdanI umara e samaye doDheka varSanI hatI. pitAnA mRtyu pachI emane ucheravAnA bhAr emanAM apara mAtuzrI svastha jamanAbAe peAtAnA upara lIdheA. e sAvakI mAtAneA putra pratye prema ananya ane asAdhAraNa hatA. eTale sudhI ke emanAM janmadAtA mAtuzrI hayAta he!vA chatAM apara mAtAe ja hemane stanapAna karAvyuM hatuM. e mAtAnI asara emanA jIvana upara ghaNI thai che, ane emanA upakArAnuM smaraNa karIne emaNe potAnI prathama kRti 'maitreyI ' emane samapaNa karI che. pitAnuM mRtyu thatAM emanuM kuTuMba amadAvAda AvyuM ane zivaprasAde sarakArI miDala skUla tathA hAIskUlamAM aMgrejI abhyAsa karyAM. I. sa. 1902 mAM yunivarsiTI skUla phAinala tathA I. sa. 1903mAM meTrIkyUlezananI parIkSA pAsa karI. emaNe thoDe samaya ajameranI gavarnamenTa kAleja tathA muMbAinI vilsana kAlejamAM abhyAsa karyAM, e arasAmAM emanuM kATA javuM thayuM ane tyAMja nAkarI karavAnI icchA thatAM I. sa. 1904 thI tyAM nokarImAM joDAyA. nizALamAM bhaNatA hatA te samaye sva. cheTubhAi zaMkarajI desAi tamA amadAvAda hAIskUlanA heDamAstara khA. bA. edalajI dorAbajI talATInA naitika upadezeAnI emanA upara sacoTa asara thai hatI. e upadezAne pariNAme tee amaladAra tarIkenI neAkarImAM aneka lAlace mAMthI bacyA che. pacIsa rUpiyAnA mAsika pagArathI zarU karI te potAnI prAmANikatA tathA satyaparAyaNatAne lIdhe esisTanTa suparinTenDanTa eka ekasAijhanA hAddA sudhI paheAMcyA che. 190

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI hAnapaNathI emane sAmAjika sudhArA ane sAhitya mATe atyaMta prIti hatI. prArthanA samAjamAM svargastha ramaNabhAInA dharmopadeza emane ghaNA hadayagrAhI lAgatA. The. hariprasAda tathA rA. ramaNIka mahetA sAthe amadAvAdamAM hatA tyAM lagI, prArthanA samAjamAM lagabhaga niyamita hAjarI ApatA. dhArmika valaNa emanuM ekezvaravAdI hovAthI maharSi dayAnaMda sarasvatI, rAjarSi rAmamohanarAya ane maharSi devendranAtha ThAkura mATe emane bahu pUjya buddhi che. sAhityanI ane saMsAra sudhArAnI emanA jIvana para uMDI asara thayelI che. sudhAraka vicAranA hoIne jJAti utkarSa arthe ghaNA samayathI teo bhAre parizrama seve che; ane pitAnI jJAtino moTo samUha je uttara hiMdamAM vase che, temanA nikaTa paricaya ane sahavAsamAM AvI paraspara jJAti saMbaMdha daDha karI vikasAvyo che; eTale sudhI ke pote potAnI bIjI putrIne mathurAmAM eka keLavAyalA grejyueTa sAthe paraNAvI che ane pitAnuM bIjuM lagna suratamAM karyuM hatuM. emano sudhAro sAco, vyavahArU ane samabhAvI che; ane te vicAra pramANe vartana kare che, e tenI vizeSa mahattA che. eja pramANe sAhityamAM emanI sevA prazaMsaniya kahI zakAya. emane priya viSaya jIvanacaritra che; ane e viSayamAM gujarAtImAM jeTaluM vAcana sAhitya emaNe pUruM pADayuM che, eTaluM sva. nArAyaNa sivAya bIjA koIe ApyuM hoya evuM amArA jANavAmAM nathI. vizeSamAM emanuM aMgrejI jJAna sAruM che. te uparAMta paradeza sevavAthI hindI ane baMgALImAM paNa nipuNatA prApta karelI che, tethI keTalAMka sArA graMthe e bhASAomAMthI gujarAtImAM utAravA zaktimAna thayelA che ane te graMthe bedhaprada ane uMcI keTInA che, ema kahevuM joIe. khAsa karIne strIo mATe vAcanasAhitya ApIne emaNe strIvarganI vizeSa sevA karI che. "bhAratamAM strIratna " nA traNa moTA pustako sAthe emanuM nAma sadA joDAyeluM raheze. e granthane hindI bhASAmAM paNa anuvAda thayo che. bhAratavarSanA mahAna puruSonA jIvana caritro eka moTo grantha aneka bhAgomAM lakhavAne emano abhilASa che ane enI keTalAka taiyArI paNa emaNe karI rAkhI che. 191

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zivaprasAda klapatarAma pati emanA graMthAnI yAdI: 1 maitreyI [pa MDita sItAnAtha tattvabhUSaNanAM graMthA parathI] 2 devI adhAra kAminI [zrIyuta amRtalAla cusanA baMgALI lekhane anuvAda,] 3 paMDita IzvaracaMdra vidyAsAgaranuM jIvanacaritra 4 bhAratanAM strIratnA bhA. 1 bhA. 2 5 OM bhA. 3 ,, 7 AnaMdIbAi jozInuM jIvanacaritra pre!. sakhArAma deuskaranA baMgALI graMthane tarajume.] 8 kathA guccha [ jUdA jUdA baMgALI lekhakeAnI TuMkI vArtAe. ] "" 9 bhAratanA santa puruSA bhA. 1 10 bhAratanI devIe 11 dezabaMdhu cittaraMjanadAsa 12 Adarzo dRSTAMtamALA bhA. 1 bhA. 2 13 "" 14 mahAna sAdhvIe 192 sana 1908 sana 1910 sana 1913 sana 1912 sana ,,,, sana 1913 sana 1912 sana 1912 sana 1913 sana 1914 sana 1921 sana 1925 1928 1930 ,,

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zabhuprasAda chelaza kara zaMbhuprasAda chelazaMkara joSIpurA urphe kusumAkara jAte tee vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. emanA mAtAnuM nAma mahAkuMvara; vatana gAMDala ane janma jAmanagara-meAsALamAM tA. 8mI jAnyuArI 1892nA rAja thayA hatA. goMDalamAM saMgrAmajI hAiskulamAM zrIyuta 'lalita' nA saMsargAmAM AvyAthI, emanI kavitA pratinI ruci ane mamatA vikaselAM; evIja rIte rAjakeTamAM AlphreDa hAiskulamAM zrIyuta kauzikarAma vi. mahetA taraphathI paNa emane preAtsAhana maLeluM. vaLI emanA viDela baMdhu rA. vaiku prasAde paNa e jAgRta thayelA saMskArAne poSIne vizeSa uttejana ApyuM hatuM. emaNe sana 1914 mAM bI. e., nI parIkSA Anasa sAthe punAnI rgyusana kaeNAlejamAMthI aicchika viSaya tattvajJAna lai, pAsa karelI ane sana 1920 mAM esa. TI. sI. DI; nI keLavaNI khAtA taraphathI levAtI parIkSAmAM uttINa thayalA. pharagyusana kaeNAlejamAM preA. bhATee paNa emanA para vizeSa asara karelI; tyArathI pleTAnI philasUrI mATe pakSapAta baMdhAyalA; ane e arasAmAM svargIstha raNajItarAmanA paricayamAM AvatAM, temaNe emane sAhitya prati khecelA, eTaluMja nahi paNa emanA jIvanapara uMDI chApa pADI hatI. AvI anekavidha asareAnA kAraNe, zALA tathA kAlejamAM bIjI bhASA phrenca chatAM emaNe upaniSad sudhI saMskRta graMthanA mahAsAgaramAM jhaMpalAvyuM che. atyAre teo surata miDala skulamAM zikSaka che. emanA priya viSaye kavitA ane philasUrI che. jana kiva geTenA Sorrows of werther parathI "aravandanA AMsu" e nAmanuM eka pustaka taiyAra karyuM che, je hajI aprakaTa che; temaja emanA gadya lekhAne eka saMgraha thavA jAya che, je tee 'smRti mandira' e nAmathI prakaTa karavAnI abhilASA rAkhe che. emane kAvya saMgraha jula-hindeALa" nAme turtamAM prakaTa thavA saMbhava che. sana 1915 thI lekhana vyavasAya zarU thAya che; ane avAranavAra jUdAM jUdAM mAsikAmAM emanA kAvye, lekhA vagere Ave che. 5 193

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI - - - - - - sAkaralAla amRtalAla dave, jJAte bAjakheDAvALa brAhmaNa vatanI naDiyAdanA; temano janma sana 1886mAM tA. 26 mI me e naDiyAdamAM thayo hato. prAthamika ane mAdhyamika zikSaNa eja sthaLe prApta kareluM. sana 1905mAM grejyueTa thayelA. te pachI sarakArI khAtAmAM joDAyelA ane atyAre mahAlakSmI TreniMga koleja aMgenI garjI hAIskUla amadAvAda-mAM zikSaka che. punAnI Dekana kolejanA prophesara beInanAM ati rasamaya ane suMdara IMgrejI vArtA pustakanAM gujarAtImAM anuvAda karavAnuM kArya emaNe hAtha dhareluM ane te anuvAda, kahevuM joIe ke, mULa graMthane nyAya Ape evA, saraLa ane zuddha che. gaye varSe emaNe TolasToyane "The Christian Teaching' pustakane anuvAda jIvanasiddhi' e nAmathI chapAvyuM che. sAmAnya rIte zALAnA kAmakAjamAMthI je kAMI samaya maLe te teo sAhityanA abhyAsavAcanamAM gALe che ane prasaMgopAtta sAhityanI carcAmAM paNa bhAga le che. anuvAda mULa graMtha prakAzananI sAla anaMgabhasma Prof. Bain's sane 1916 "The Ashes of a God" nIlanenI ,, "A Draught of the Blue." jIvanasiddhi Tolstoy's "The Christian Teaching" ka 1929 1917 194

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sItArAma jezIMgabhAi zAM sItArAma jesIMgabhAi zarmA jAte brahmabhaTTa; mULa vatana kaDI. emaneA janma peAtAnA meAsALa prAMtijamAM tA. 16mI oNgasTa sana 1891nA rAja thayA hatA. pitA temane pAMca vanA mUkIne mRtyu pAmelA; eTale te meAsALamAMja ucharI meATA thayelA. sthiti garIba tethI abhyAsanA sAdhana paNa saMkucita. amadAvAdamAMthI svastha sara cInubhAi mAdhavalAla, pahelA ereneTanI madada meLavavAne tajavIja karelI; temaja prAMtijamAM e samaye mizanarI sTIvansana rahetA hatA, temanI sAthe maitrI thayalI; paNa e badhAnuM iccheluM pariNAma nahi AveluM. mAtra sAta dhAraNa pUrAM karI, varnAkyulara phAInalanI parIkSA pAsa karI. aMgrejI pAMca dheAraNa sudhI abhyAsa karI saMtApa mAneleA. sa`jogavazAt leAkala enI zALAmAM chaeka mAsa zikSaka tarIke rahelA ane pachI muMbAi nasIba ajamAvavA gayala!, jyAM zarUAtamAM eka vepArInI peDhImAM nAmu lakhavAne rahyA. evAmAM muMbAi gujarAtI nATaka ka`panImAM TIkITa ApavAnI neAkarI maLI. ahiM emanA lekhana vAcananA zAkhane uttejana maLyuM. lekhanavAcanane zekha zALAmAMthI zarU thayaleA. kAika vakhata kavitA lakhavAne urmi thai AvatI; eka e vArtAe paNa lakhelI; temaja kAmI brahmabhaTTa zubhecchaka" patramAM sana 1909 mAM maraNa pachInI teramAnI nAtAne virAdha karatI TuMkI vArtA ane eeka nibaMdhA lakhI meAkalelA. paNa haju dhaMdhAmAM tarehAma thayA nahAtA. e arasAmAM vaDAdarA vartamAna' mAM cAlu lAMkhI vArto lakhavAnuM kArya AraMbheluM; mahikAMThA ejansImAM sarakArI nekarI lIdhelI paNa manane nirAMta thatI nahi. vattamAnapatra mATe vizeSa AkarSaNa tethI te prati kheMcAtA, vaDeAdarA vartamAnanA taMtrI maDaLamAM theADAka divasa kAma karyuM; ane sana 1914mAM 'gujarAtI paMca'mAM joDAyA; te pachI badhuM jIvana e dhaMdhAmAM vyatIta thatuM AvyuM che. sana 1917mAM 'hindustAna' sAptAhikamAM sahataMtrI tarIke rA; te sAthe vArtA maMdira' nAmanuM eka TuMkI vArtAonuM mAsika kADhayuM; paNa cha mAsamAM tene vahivaTa anyane soMpI dIdheA. sana 1920 thI 1922 sudhImAM kAmI patra brahmabhaTTa' pAtA hastaka lIdhuM, pahele varSe te trimAsika rahyuM; khIje varSe mAsika karyuM ane trIje varSe te mAsika thayuM, ema uttarAttara enI pragati thatI cAlI hatI. 195

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI. daramiyAna dainika ane sAptAhika patrAmAM lAMkhI vArtAo lakhavAnuM kAma cAlatuM hatuM. e vArtAonAM nAma nIce mujaba cheH-- niraMjana, sattaramI sadInuM baMgALA, gujaravIra aNuhIla, bhAratanuM bhaviSya, jhAMjhavAnuM jaLa, bhavasAgara, saMsArayana, jIvatAM mUDadAM, maramanA dhA ane jayasvadeza. patrakAritvanA emanA anubhava ane sahavAsa lAMkhe temaja vidhavidha che. muMbaInA ghaNAkharA chApAemAM temaNe kAma kareluM che. gayA varSoMthI tee navayuga'nA taMtrI nimAyA che, navabhAratane sAhasika ane niya, svataMtra ane svAzrayI karavAnA teo bhAre kADa dharAve che; ane te dizAmAM emanuM nAva haMkArI rahyA che. prabhu emanA manerathA pAra pADe. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: 1 ApaNA saMsAra sukhI kema thAya ? [nibaMdha] 1910 2 prasanAMjali [kAvyasaMgraha] 1915 3 amerikAnA garIba vidyArthI e [nibaMdha-hiMdI uparathI] 1916 4 svadeza gItA 1920 5-6 vINAvihArI bhAga-1-2 [navalakathA-marAThI uparathI] 1923-24 7 juvAnImAMnI vAtA [TUMkI vArtAone saMgraha] 1928 --- 196

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sArAmajI ma. desAi sArAmajI ma. dezAI ee navasArInA jANItA dezAi khAMdAMnanA nakhIrA che, prakhyAta dezAijI khurazedajI TemulajInA chaThThI peDhInA nakhIrA che. gAyakavADa sarakAranuM gujarAtamAM rAjya sthApanArA e khurazedajI tathA temanA Apa TemulajI hatA. e kAraNe khAMdAMnane moTI jAgIrA, inAmI gAma, reAkaDa temaNukeA, pAlakImAM ezI kraravAnI AsAmI, gADI masAlanI nimaNuMka vagere ApavAmAM AvelI te Aje paNa cAlu che. briTIza sarakAra ane gAyakavADa sarakAra vacce tahanAmAM karAvelAM hAvAthI te sarakAra taraphathI paNa inAmI jamIneA ApavAmAM AvI, aMgreja sarakAre geraMTI ApI bAMhedharImAM e kuTuMbane Aja sudhI rAkheluM che. desAijI khurase 2mulajIe peAtAne hAthe peAtAnuM jIvanacaritra (Autobiography) lakhI rAkhyuM hatuM je " desAI khAMdAMna tavArIkha" mAM chapAyuM che, tevIja rIte A bhAie peAtAnuM vRttAMta lakhI rAkhyuM che, jemAMthI TuMka TuMka noMdha nIce ApI che. evaNunA janma tA. 15 mI AgaSTa 1865 mAM thayA hatA. eTale Aje 65 varasanI umara che. nhAnapaNathI zarIre majammuta ane lADakA hAvAthI tAkAnI, mastIkhAra, ane tIkhalI cheAkarA hatA. zikhavA bhaNavA upara jhAjhu lakSa na hatuM, paNa jo abhyAsa karavA upara Ave te AsapAsanA kaMTALe eTalI mahenata letAM. evaNa Ate lakhe che tema, prakhyAta thavAnI ane kIti meLavavAnI hAMza kAcI ummaramAMja eTalI badhI hatI ke, te uMmareja lakhANa karavAnA zekha lAgyA. " atheArananA zivAya mehadInAthI kustI nahIM vaNI zakAya, '' e bAbatanuM 4 pAnAnu henDakhIla lakhI kADhI, pAse paisA na heAvAthI peAtAnI kalAsanA gaDhiyAe pAse nakalA karAvI i.sa. 1881 mAM navasArImAM vahe...cAvyA hatAM, meTrIkyulezana sudhIte! abhyAsa karI navasArInI sara kAvasajI jehAMgIra hAIskulamAM keLavaNI lIdhI, paraMtu nIcalA vargImAM hatA tyArathI nyusapepare ane ceApAnyAmAM lakhANeA lakhI vahelA prakhyAta thavA mATe abhyAsanA pustakA vAMcavAne badale, umadA pustake ujAgarA karIne vAMcatAM. i.sa. 1885 thI "madhura vacana" gula azAMna" "hindI grAIka'' vigeremAM nhAnI nhAnI bAbatA chapAvavA lAgyA. I. sa. 1887 thI evaNe aMgrejI tathA kAyiAvADa 197

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI tathA gujarAtanAM gujarAtI 10 peparAmAM lekhA lakhyA, ane keTalAMka ceApAnyAmAM 45 varasa lakhANA karyAM che, tenI TIpa peAtAne hAthe lakhI che, je peparA ane ceApAnyAMnI saMkhyA 50 upara thAya che. kAipeparAmAM cAlu khakharapatrI, te kAImAM cAlu ArTIkale! lakhatA. i. sa. 1888 thI vaDAdarA vatsala" nAmanA vaDedarA rAjyanAM gavanameTa gejheTamAM rUA. 10 nA pagArathI gujarAtI vibhAga adhipati tarIke lekhA lakhatAM, I. sa. 1889 thI AnaMdI" navaraMga" ane "navasArI patrikA' mAM paNa eja mujam 1906 sudhI adhipati hatA, judI judI bAbateAnA nhAnAM meTAM 38 pustaka lakhyAM, ane "duHkhIne dilAsA " je viSayanI hAramALA hindI brAjhI" mAM prathama chapAi hatI tenA bIjA pa6 puratA hamaNAM sudhI bahAra pADayAM, ane 60 puratakA sudhI chapAvavAnA evaNune irAdo che. peAtAnI upara duHkhA paDavAthI ja A sAhasa evaNe mAthe uThAvyA che. Page #267
sorAbajI kaM. desAI kareluM chatAM rAtane dahADe eja karIne cha mahinAmAM ane tenI vaLI mAtra ekaja kalama vAparIne puruM karyuM hatuM. evIja khaMta pakaDIne jhINA bArIka akSaronA ATha poSTa kADe evaNe lakhyA hatA, jemAM eka lagabhaga 42 hajAra zabdano kArDa mesasa bhamagarAnI kaMpanI I.sa. 1889 nA pArIsanAM pradarzanamAM laI gaI hatI, ane laMDana tathA muMbaInA myujhIana, pro. sphoTane tathA navasArInI maharajI rANA lAyabrerIne, tathA rAsta gophatAranI ophIsane bIjA kAryo ApyA hatA. mI. bezila hosana mbhIDa uphe gebI madadagAranA nAmaka sIrIla uparanI phIdAgIrIne lIdhe ja evaNa thI sophIsTa thayA hatA, paraMtu potAnI naMdhamAM jaNAvyuM che tema, vedAnta upara vizeSa bhAva hovAthI zrI. gosvAmI devakInaMdanAcAryajI mahArAjanAM zikSaNa meLavavAne khAsa IntajAra rahI, temanI sebatamAM emane ghaNuM jANavAnuM maLyuM. mI. dezAIne junA purANuM hastale, junA sikkA, pUrANI vastuene behada zekha hevAthI emane A saMgraha moTo ane sAro che. prathama emaNe jaranAlIjhamamAM jhIMpalAvyuM, ane Aja 25 varasathI e lAIna emaNe choDI dIdhI che. kavitA karavA ane kAvya vAMcavAne bhAre zekha hovAthI, temaja tavArIkha khAsa karIne pArasI tArIkhano ghaNo carasa hovAthI "gaMje zAyarAna" "tavArIkhe navasArI," "pArasI viSayo" nA pustako khAsa racyAM che. saMsAranAM sukha ane saMsAranI nIti rIti vagara badhu nakAmuM samajI hAla emaNe daza navAM pustako bahAra pADyAM che, ane bIjA traNa chapAvavAnI umeda rAkhe che. janasevA bajAvavAno evaNane bhAre zokha che, paraMtu have aneka jaMjALa vadhavAthI evahu pitAnuM kAma kamI karatA jAya che. dAkhIne dilAsA" nA 56 bhAge pragaTa kIdhA pachI saMsArasukhanAM 10 ane jIvanacaritronAM 6 pustake prasiddha karyo, jemAM saddagurU zrI upAsanI mahArAja jevA paramahaMsanAM jIvananAM be vAla vizeSa vakhaNAyAM hatAM. ATha varasathI e sazurU zrI maherabAbA jevA khudArasIlA sAhebanI samAgamamAM AvyA pachI vedAMtanA dhoraNa upara "khudA nAmuM " nAmanAM pAMca vAlama emaNe racyAM che, je paikI 2 daphatare chapAI cukyAM che. navasArImAM I. sa. 1910mAM ane i. sa. 1911mAM bharavAmAM AvelAM 199

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI meTAM pradarzananA e janarala sekreTarI hatA. chellAM pradarzanamAM enI mahenatanI kadara karavAmAM AvI senAne cAMda bheTa karavAmAM Avyo hate. temaja muMbaInI "bajhame rejhe ahuramajhada" nI ghaNAMka varasa sevA bajAvyAthI cAMdInuM kapa ApavAmAM AvyuM che. hAla sarakArI nokarImAMthI nivRtta thatAM penazana uparAMta emane rU. 1500nuM vizeSa InAma ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. "duHkhIne dilAsA " nA 66 bhAge sAthe gaNatAM emanAM nAnAM meTAM pustake maLI saravALe 95 sudhI thaze. navasArI DIsTrIkaTa lokalarDamAM inAmadAro taraphe eo sabhAsada nimAyA che. Aje paNa sAta ATha mAsika copAniyAmAM pitAnA lekha cAluM prasiddha karatA rahe che. aMgrejI, phArasI, gujarAtI, saMskRta, uradu, hiMdusthAnI, marAThI vigere bhASAonA lagabhaga che cha hajAra pustakono saMgraha emaNe karelo che; temAM durlabha pustako (Rare books) paNa ghaNAM che. navasArI hAIskUlamAM jarathostI dharmanA abhyAsa mATe be vAra skolarazIpa meLavI hatI. hinduonA snAna sutaka jevAM snAna sutake asala jarathostI dharmazAstra "vaMdIdAda"mAM anukramavAra jaNa velAM hovA viSe emaNe aMgrejI tathA gujarAtI pustaka prasiddha karyAthI pArIsa ekeDemInA temaja amerikana pAThazALAnA vidvAna abhyAsIoe uttama abhiprAya ApyA che. "khudA nAmA" nAmanA pustakamAM viSNunA 1000 nAmonI sarakhAmaNI karIne jarathostIomAM bhaNAtAM 101 khudAnA nAmanI ane musalamAnemAM allAhanA 99 nAmanI sAthe emaNe pustako ane mAsikodvArA prakaTAvavA mAMDI che. kAvyarasanuM pustaka judA judA 225 alaMkAronI ghaTanAvALuM vizeSa upayogI che, jemAM aneka bhASAnAM dAMte ApyAM che. emanA graMthonI yAdI 1 pArasI aTako ane nAmo sana. 1891 2 AtasabeharAme dezAI khorazeda 1893 3 eyAme nAsAlo hiMgAme naurojha 1896 4 sIhA saMsAra (nATaka) 1897 5 tavArIkhe navasArI 6 hiMdustAnanA AtazabaharAmo 1899 7 navasArInI pArasI prajAne apIla 1899 8 gAyakavADa ane briTAniyA 200 1897 > 1899

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sorAbajI maM. dezAI 9 gaMje zAyarAna (kAvya rasa) 1901 10 pArasIomAM lagnanuM joDuM 1901 11 mahArANI vikaToriyAnuM jIvana caritra 1902 12 baMdagI ane mAthravANInI mobarI 1902 13 pArasI sutake (vaMdIdAdanI 12 mI paragane khulAso) , 1904 98 Hindu Sutaks in the Zoroastrian Scripture (Vandidad Pargard 12th). 1904 15 jamazedanI itihAsika niMdA 1905 16 nUrajehAna 1906 17 prANuM maMDaLa 1907 18 sarasvatI vilAsa 1908 17 eDavarDa nAmu 1910 20 dAdAjInI darabAra (navI suMdara AvRtti che). 1911 21 pArasI viSayo 1914 22 beTI tuM sAsare kema samAze ? (trIjI AvRtti che) , 1919 23 mahArA dikarAne ! 1919 88 Omens for auspicious and inauspicious horses 1919 25 mA-bApanI sevA 1920 26 sAdI aMdagInI zoka, phezananI phisiyArI , 1921 27 salukanI mAtA 28 saMsArane sukAnI (bApa banavAne hunnara) 1922 29 duHkhIne dilAso [56 bhAga] 1914 thI 1922 30 saguNa sAsu 31 baMdo ane baMdagI (sudhArA vadhArA sAthe 2 jI AvRtti) , 1923 32 sAkerInA sadagurU (bhA. 1 lo) 1923 33 sAkArInA sadagurU (bhA. 2 ) 1924 34 vidhavA duHkha nivAraNa , 1925 35 vahemI duniyA che 19ra7 36 khudA nAmu (daphatara 1 luM) ka 1929 . 1921 1923 201

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI rA. bA. rAjaratna haragoviMdadAsa dvArakAMdAsa kAMTAvALA -sAhitya mArtaDa- teo umareThanA vatanI; paNa nivAsasthAna vaDodarA lAMbA samayathI. jAte vIsA khaDAyatA vaNika ane janma divasa I. sa. 1848, saMvata 1900, aSADa vada pAMcama. temanI mAtAnuM nAma jamunAbAI hatuM. nAnI vayamAM gujarAtInuM uMcuM jJAna meLavI temaja gaNita, bhUmiti, bIjagaNita ane trikoNamitine sAro abhyAsa karI amadAvAda TreniMga kolejamAM dAkhala thayelA. te vakhate TreniMga kolejane vanayulara koleja karavAthI temane uMcA prakAranuM jJAna dezI bhASA mAraphata meLavAne sArI taka maLI hatI. te sAthe temaNe saMskRta, marAThI, urdu ane aMgrejInuM jJAna paNa prApta karyuM hatuM. zarUAtamAM teo prekiTasiMga skulamAM joDAyelA paNa rA. sA. mahIpatarAmabhAInI salAha ane sUcanAthI IgrejIne vadhu abhyAsa karI meTrIkanI parIkSA pAsa karI. tethI emane bhAgyodaya jaladI thayo. rAjakoTa TreniMga kolejanA prinsipAlane hoddo maLyo ane te pachI sara mAdhavarAve temanI sevAnI mAMgaNI karatAM sana 1875-76 mAM teo vaDodarA rAjyanA keLavaNu khAtAmAM joDAyA ane lAMbI mudata sudhI te rAjyanI ekaniSThAthI ane vaphAdArIthI cAkarI karI. TreniMga kaeNlejamAM abhyAsa karatA hatA tyArathI mAsikAmAM lakhANuM karavAno zekha lAgela je adyApiparyata cAlu che. sana 186 4mAM "pANIpata' nAmanuM vIra rasathI chalakAtuM kAvya bahAra pADayuM hatuM, je khUba paMkAyeluM. te pachI zALApayogI puratake emanA mitra sva. lAlazaMkara sAthe lakhyAM, jevAM ke, gujarAtI bhASAnuM vyAkaraNa, navuM aMkagaNita, lekha paddhati, nAmAnI paddhati. rAjakoTamAM hatA te vakhatathI svadezI mATe kharo prema lAgele; tyAM eka pradarzana ubhuM kareluM ane tadartha "dezI kArIgarIne uttejana "e nAmanAM be pustako paNa racyAM hatAM. zAstrI nAthAzaMkara paMjAzaMkarane madadamAM laI prAcIna kAvyanA chuTaka graMthe ne pachIthI trimAsikanI yojanA zarU karelI, je pAchaLathI vaDodarA rAjya taraphathI prakaTa thayelI prAcIna kAvyamALAmAM pariNamI. kAvyo eDiTa karI prasiddha karavA uparAMta emaNa keLavaNInuM zAstra ane tenI kaLA, bhUtaLavidyA, mahIsuranI musApharI, saMsAra sudhArA, trIjAtinAM

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rA. mA. rAjaratna harageAvanadAsa drArakAMdAsa kAMTAvALA kavya temaja vArtAnAM pustakA, aMdherI nagarIne gavasena, e mhetA ane rANI rUpasuMdarI e pustaka lakhelAM che. vaLI temaNe vaDedarA rAjyamAM miliTarI sekreTarI tarIke paNa keTalAka samaya kAma karyuM hatuM. sana 1903mAM emanA kAryanI kadara khujIne sarakAre emane rAva ahAduraneA IlkAba ApyA hatA. sana 1905mAM tee luNAvADAnA divAna nimAyA hatA. paraMtu deza ane svadezI mATe prathamathI prema eTale udyAga tarapha paNa emanuM lakSa rahetuM; ane e vRttinA pariNAme vaDAdarAmAM emaNe mIla sthApavAnuM sAhasa kheDeluM, te phatehamada nivaDayuM che. nivRtta thayA pachI paNa teo zAnta esI rahyA nathI. kevaLapurI kRta kavitA, vizvanI vicitratA, gRha vidyA vagere pustake savarDa lakhI prasiddha kayA che; ane emanI TacukaDI se! vAteAnA pAMca bhAga mATe khALakava emane sadA AbhArapUrvaka yAda karaze. sana 1920mAM tee chaThThI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukha nimAyalA ane thADAja vakhata para zrImaMta mahArAjA sara sayAjIrAva gAyakavADe emanI lAMbI ane yazasvI sAhityasevAnI kadara karI sAhitya mArtaMDa' nAmaka suvarNa caMdraka pahelavahelA emane aauM che. vaLI temanI sakhAvata paNa heALI ane sadezI che. sAhitya paripane jema rU. 10000) ApyA tema peAtAnA devanA bhaMDoLa khAte rU. 3000) bheTa dharyAM hatA; temaja jJAtinA tathA anya keLavaNI ma MDaLAne sArI rakama ApavAnuM visaryAM nathI. 66 emanA meTA putra maTubhAi mIla ejaMTa heAvA uparAMta sAhitya" nAmanuM mAsika chellAM 17 varSathI calAve che, temAM vakhatovakhata emanA lekhA AvatA rahe che ane temAMne! prAcIna kAvya vibhAganuM taMtra temanAja hAthamAM che. sArA keLavaNIkAra, sAhitya sevaka, sudhAraka ane dezapremI agresara tarIke emaNe sArI pratiSTA ane nAmanA meLavyAM che ane Aje 86 varSanI ummare paNa eka yuvakane pAche haThAve evI niyamitatAthI udyama kare che. 203

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI emanA graMthonI yAdI nAta sudhAro aMkagaNita bhA. 2 nIti ane laukika dharma lekha paddhati nIti dharma nAmAnI paddhati pANapata athavA kurukSetra kanyAvAcanamALA (pAThaya pustaka aMgrejI dezI kArIgarIne uttejana bhAga 1 rAjya) pustaka 1, 2, 3 che che ke bhA. 2 bALA jJAnamALA pu. 1, 2, 3. mahIsuranI musApharI (vaDodarA rAjya pAThaya pustaka) bhUtaLa vidyA (pAThaya pustaka prAcIna kAvyamALA-35 bhAga vaDedarA tathA IgrejI rAjya) rANuM rUpasuMdarI be bahene strI jAtinAM kartavya aMdherI nagarIne gardhavasena uddhava kRta rAmAyaNa saMsAra sudhAre TacukaDI so vAte 5 bhAgamAM keLavaNInuM zAstra ane tenI kaLA bhA.1 kevaLapurI kRta kavitA bhA.2 vizvanI vicitratA laghu vyAkaraNa bhAlaNakRta damaskaMdha meTuM vyAkaraNa sAmaLazAno moTo vivAha aMkagaNita bhA. 1 gRhavidyA,vagere na = 206

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harabhAi durlabhajI trivedI harabhAi durlabhajI trivedI ee bhAvanagara pAse AvelA varatejanA mULa vatanI ane jJAtie cAturvedI me!Dha brAhmaNa che. emanA janma saM. 1949 nA kArtika vada cha nA rAja varatejamAM thayeA hateA. emanA pitAnuM nAma durlabhajI rUdhanAthajI trivedI ane mAtAnu nAma jIvakuMvara che. emaNe ghaNAkharA abhyAsa bhAva nagaramAM ja karyAM hatA. tee sana 1916mAM khI. e. thayA hatA. khI. e.,nI parIkSAmAM emane aicchika viSaya saMskRta tathA aMgrejI hatA. abhyAsa pUrA karyAM pachI temaNe doDheka varSoM sudhI muMbaimAM zikSaka tarIke rahelA. bAda teo dakSiNAmUrti bhavanamAM AjIvana sabhya tarIke joDAyA che ane adyApi tyAMja zikSakanuM kAma kare che. Aje tee vinaya maMdiranA AcAya tarIke kAma kare che. keLavaNI ane pratyeAgika mAnasazAstra e emanA priya viSayA che ane jAtIya praznanI carcAmAM paNa teo uMDA utarelA che. emanAja prayatnathI dakSiNAmUrti bhavana saha zikSaNu coeducationne akhatarA ajamAvI rahyuM che; ane temAM saphaLatA meLavI zakayuM che, vidyArthIonA nitya sahavAsamAM teo vase che, eTale vidyArthI mAnasanuM emanuM jJAna paNa uMDuM che. emanA graMthAnI yAdI: tathAgata vidyArthIonuM mAnasa zarIra vikAsa jAtaka kathA nRsiMha sAra gujarAtI kavitA varSa, 1, 2, 3, 4, jAtIya vikRtinAM mULa DAlTana ceAjanA bhayanA bheda grAma punaTanA 205 I. sa. 1924 1924 "" 99 ,, 39 . "" 56 29 ,, 1928 1929 "" ""

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI DA. hariprasAda vRjarAya desAI ee jJAtie brahmakSatriya che. ee mULa vatanI kheDA jIllAmAM niDayAda pAse AvelA alINA gAmanA che. emanA pitAnuM nAma nRjarAya khuzAlarAya desAI ane mAtAnuM nAma subhadrA haeNna hatuM. ee sarakArI nAkarImAM hAI, emane jUde jUde gAme pharavAnuM ghaNuM thatuM ane te vakhate nokarImAM pagAra paNa zrRja. tema chatAM subhadrA mhena varane kArabhAra, karakasara karI kuzaLatAthI calAvatA. te bahu suzIla svabhAvanA ane saMskArI bAi hatA; tema mAyALu ane mamatAvALA paNa evA ja. emanA meTA putra te DaoN. hariprasAda. emane janma sana 1879 mAM godharAmAM thayale. prAthamika zikSaNa emaNe gujarAtanI judI judI nizALAmAM lIdheluM. tee sekanDathI sevantha sudhI nyu iMglIza skUla amadAvAdamAM bhaNelA. tyAM DI. ke. gupte mAstara jee nyu iMglIza skUlamAM heDa mAstara hatA emanI asara emanA jIvanapara bahu sArI ane prabaLa thayelI ane meTrika sudhI pahoMcelA. bAda amadAvAdanI meDikala skulamAM joDAI AsisTaMTa sarjana thayalA; paNa tyAM matabheda uThatAM kalakattA jaine ela. sI. pI. esa. nI DIgrI meLavI AvelA. atyAre tee rajIsTarDa meDikala prekTIzanara che. bacapaNamAMthI mAtA pAsethI unnata saMskAra prApta thayalA, te emanAmAM divase divase khIlI phAlyA che. vAcanane, sabhAemAM javAnA, ramatAmAM bhaLavAnA zAkha cheka nhAnapaNathI; vineAdI svabhAva paNa kharA. garIba sthitinA eTale hAtha paNa saMkucita rahe; tema chatAM mana evI rIte keLavaluM ke teo sadA AjhAdI anubhave. jUdA jUdA prakAranA vAcanamAM ane mitreAnA sahacAramAM; ane emanA e nhAnapaNu ane vidyArthI avasthAnA smaraNA paNa sphUrtidAyaka ane ramujI mAluma paDaze (jIe kumAra vA. 5 muM.) emanA dhaMdhA DAkTarane; paraMtu emane zeAkha ane abhyAsa joie te anekavidha, jUdA jUdA kSetrAmAM eka sarakhA, darekamAM caMcupAta karele ane tenA mukhya mukhya aMze grahaNa karelAM dekhAze. tethI emanA bhASaNeAmAM ane emanA jIvanamAM rasikatAnI vividhatA STigeAcara thAya che. ekAda varSa mATe emaNe sana 1975-6 mAM emanI jJAtinuM trimAsika eDiTa kareluM ane tene raste caDhAvI ApeluM. vaLI uddhedhana nAmanA 206

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DaoN. hariprasAda vRjarAya dezAi rASTrIya mAsikamAM prasaMgopAt lekhA lakhelA. gujarAta sAhitya sabhAnA maMtrI paNa teo ghaNAM varSoM sudhI hatA ane atyAre teo tenA upapramukha che. kaLA ane saMgItane zekha paNa vizeSa; paMcara'gI lAvaNI te emanI; ane amadAvAdanA eka citrakAra sva. maganalAlanA citrAnI pahelavahelI kadara emaNe ja karelI ane karAvelI. te pachI amadAvAda ane gujarAtanI kaLAnuM emaNe paddhatisara ane aitihAsika avaleAkana kareluM che. amadAvAdamAM bharAyalI saMgIta pariSadanA svAgata maMDaLanA teo mukhya saMcAlaka hatA ane hAla paNa rASTrIya saMgIta maMDaLanA pramukha che. jAte DaeNAkaTara eTale AreAgya viSe sArUM jJAna hoya ja. te mAtra pothImAMnuM nahi; paNa te anubhavajanya. amadAvAda zaheranI Adarza saphAi karavAnuM mAna emane prApta thayaluM che ane te kAya mAM thayale emane anubhava bIjAne mAdaka thaI edhaprada nivaDaze. A pramANe jUdI jUdI pravRttiemAM tee hameza taiDAyalA rahe che; te sAthe sAhityavAcana ane abhyAsa paNa ArI hoya che. rAja e kalAka abhyAsamAM kharA; te uparAMta vizeSa anukaraNiya te, rAtre sutA pahelAM rAjanA kAmanuM nirIkSaNa-AMtaraparIkSaNa, e badhuM emanA jIvananI kucIrUpa che. vaLI DokaTaranuM davAkhAnuM eTale mAtra davA maLavAnuM sthaLa nahi; paNa jIddI blUdI pravRttinuM ane tene lagatI mAhitI meLavavAnuM eka jIvaMta kendra zarIra paNa emaNe zarUAtathI sArUM khIlaveluM, eTale darare ke ghaNAM varSo sudhI ahIMnI nyu iMgliza skulamAM eka kasarata zikSaka tarIke emaNe kAma kareluM; ane emanA e viSaya paranA premanA kAraNe prathama vyAyAma pariSada sana 1928 mAM niDayAdamAM bharAyalI tenA pramukha emane nimavAmAM AvyA hatA. paNa sauthI vizeSa AkarSIka ema.AzAvAda; ane darekamAMthI kaMIka ne kaMIka ramuja meLavavAne AnaMdI svabhAva che, je temane adhika cetana ane baLa bakSe che, ane temanA kAryane gatimAna karavAmAM madadagAra thAya che. emaNe lakhelA prathA paNa Ave che. te phakata vaka, Aragyane lagatAMja niha paNa vArtA, caritra vagere bhinna bhinna viyeA para che. prakANuM 207

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI lekhe paNa sArI saMkhyAmAM maLaze; temAM naitItAla, sAMcI, jarmana kavi giTi vagere khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. emanAM pustakonI yAdI meleriyA tAva. ArogyanI vAta. bALa kalyANa. saMsAranAM sukha. ('Pleasures of Life' ne anuvAda) pApInI dazA (TAlasToyanI "Forty years' anuvAda] sAhityane vikAsa kema thAya sAhityanA preraka baLo dAdAbhAI navarojajI (jIvanacaritra) ArogyazAstra 208

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harilAla bhagavaMtarAya buca harirAya bhagavaMtarAya buca jJAtie (vaDanagarA) nAgara gRhastha. janma, oNgasTa 1882mAM. mULa vatana junAgaDha, hAla ghaNAM varSothI vaDodarAmAM nivAsa kare che, sana 1909 thI "sayAjI vijaya'nA upataMtrI tarIke kAma kare che. vaDodarAnI sAhitya viSayaka temaja anya sArvajanika hilacAlomAM AgaLa paDato bhAga le che, eka jAhera kAryakartA ane vaktA tarIke teo sArI rIte jANatA che; ane eka lekhaka tathA patrakAra tarIke paNa temaNe uthI chApa pADelI che. "sayAjIvijaya" gujarAtanA aThavADikamAM je lAgavaga ane bahoLA pracAra dharAve che, tenI lokapriyatAmAM emane hisso je te nathI. emanA priya viSayo itihAsa ane purAtattva che. emanA pustakonI yAdI nIce mUMdhI che te parathI joI zakAze ke emanI kalama kayA kyA kSetramAM pharatI rahI che emanA graMthonI yAdI 1 "hAramALA ane tene lekhaka sana 1912 2 kamalAkumArI athavA pUrva esa. ema. mitranA "hiMdupura' pazcimano hastamilApa ) uparathI anuvAda) ke nAmaka aMgrejI navalakathAnA sana 1912 3 pArlAmenTa athavA te } [sayAjI-sAhityamALA taraphathI ja briTiza rAjyasabhA [ sana 1919 ja cakravartI azoka [sayAjI sAhityamALA taraphathI sane 1921 5 ,, ,, [bAla sAhityamAlA taraphathI] sana 1926 209 27

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graMthakAra caritrAvaLI himatalAla gaNezajI aMjAriyA emane janma I. sa.1877mAM okaTobara mahinAnI rajI tArIkhe (saMvata 1933nA bhAdaravA vada 10) rAjakoTamAM thayelo; jAte vaDanagarA nAgara gRhastha che. mAtAnuM nAma narabhekuMvara hatuM. teo sana 1898mAM bI.e., sana 1905mAM ema. e; ane tyArapachI 1913mAM ela ela.bI; sane 1899thI goMDala rAjyanA keLavaNI khAtAnI nokarImAM joDAyA, ane ema. e thayA pachI sana 1906thI muMbAI keraparezanamAM skula kamiTImAM muMbAInI skulonA prathama AsIsTaMTa suprinTenDanTa tarIke ane 1915thI gujarAtI skUlonA suprinTenDanTa tarIke nimAyelA ane te hoddA para haju cAlu che. goMDala rAjyamAM te vakhate sana 1903mAM gAMDala rAjyano ItihAsa prakaTa karelo ane te arasamAM ja "kAvya mAdhurya" nAmanuM arvAcIna kavitAmAMthI sArI sArI kavitAonA saMgrahanuM pustaka pAlgavanI gelDana TrejharInA dhoraNe eDiTa karI sArI khyAti meLavI hatI. te pachI "kavitA praveza', saMgIta maMjarI, "sAhitya pravezikA," padyasaMgraha ane zALAzikSaNane lagatAM pAThaya pustaka bhUgoLa ane keLavaNInA viSayo para lakhelAM che. emanA graMthonI yAdI geDalano vAtArUpa itihAsa 1903 kAvya mAdhurya 1903 dezabhaktinAM kAvyo 1905 gadyazailInA be ziSTa lekhako ("vasanta' mAsikamAM) 1905 kavitA praveza (karIma mahamada mAstara sAthe) 1908 saMgIta maMjarI 1909 muMbaI beTanI bhUgoLa 1914 hiMdustAnanI bhUgoLa 1915 madhyabindu 1915 kinDaragArTana saMbaMdhI 6 lekha. 1916 bALa svabhAva ane bALauchera 1920 sAhitya pravezikA. 1922 zikSaNa caMdrikA 1923 padya saMgraha (zrI gu. va. sosAiTI taraphathI) kavitA vinAda. 1926 1926 210

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pariziSTa presa kaMpI ane prapha rIDiMga graMthalekhananI sAthe sAthe ja tenA mudraNanI vyavasthAnuM kAma paNa saMkaLAeluM che, ema kahIe te cAle. chatAM ApaNA lekhakene moTo bhAga tenAthI pUrNa paricita nahi hoya. je thoDeghaNe paricaya haze te, e dhaMdhA sAthenA saMbaMdhane aMge beLe baLe thaI gayo hoya teTale ja. eTale te paNa adhakacaro hovAno. e dhaMdhAnI AMTIghUMTI ane vigatomAM utaravAnI saune jarUra na hoya, paraMtu pustakanA prakAzanane aMge je be bAbatomAM pitAne tenI joDe saMsargamAM AvavAnuM hoya che te viSayo pUratuM te sAruM evuM jJAna pratyeka graMthakAra hovuM joIe. pazcimanA dezo to pratyeka graMthakAra e be bAbatamAM pAraMgata hoya che. paheluM, chApakhAnA mATe potAnA graMthanI hAtha-prata taiyAra karavAnuM, bIjuM tenAM prapha vAMcavAnuM. baMne bahu najIvA dekhAtAM kAma che; paNa ghaNIvAra bane che tema, A be najIvI vastuo upara ja AkhA pustakanA udbhava-uThAva, sauMdarya, bhUlarahitatA, sughaDatA vagereno AdhAra che. e kharuM che ke ApaNe tyAM mudraNakaLAno vikAsa hajI joie tevo thayo nathI, eTale manamAnyAM pustaka-prakAzane thaI zakatAM nathI. paNa tethI te graMthakAra jevA tenA saMbaMdhamAM AvatA saMskArI varge e dhaMdhA tarapha jarA vadhu kALajI dharAvavAnI agatya UbhI thAya che. hAtha-prata ane mupha, e bemAM bIjAnI saraLatAno AdhAra pahelA upara bahu avalaMbe che. tame je tamArI hAtha-prata barAbara cIvaTathI, sughaDatAthI ane badhI bAbatenI ekasAI rAkhIne taiyAra karI haze to prapha vAMcavAmAM jarA ye agavaDa nathI paDavAnI. ekAekIvALuM lakhANa, garabaDiyA akSare, azuddha ane bhUlovALI joDaNI, khoTAM lekhana-cihno ane ADIavaLI goThavaNavALI peregrApha vagerenI sUcanAo-A athavA AmAMnI koIpaNa khAmI chApakhAnAmAM ApavAnI hAtha-pratamAM haragIjha na cAle. hAtha-pratamAM lakhANane pahelo ne mukhya muddo je joIe te to sAmAnya rIte sau jANatA haze, ke pratyeka lakhANa svaccha, ukale evA 211

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pariziSTa spaSTa akSare, chuTI lITImAM, ekadhAruM ane kAgaLanI eka ja bAju lakheluM hovuM joIe. keTalAkane pitAnAM lakhANa pustakanA AkAramAM bAMdhelI noTamAM kAgaLanI baMne bAjue lakhavAnI Teva hoya che. potAnI aMgata saMgrahapratane mATe e cAle, paNa chApakhAnAmAM ApavA mATe te chuTA chuTA kAgaLa upara ane eka ja bAjue lakhelI prata taiyAra karavI joIe; kemake tyAM kAMI eka ja bIbAM goThavanArane AkhuM pustaka kepejha mATe ApavAmAM nathI AvatuM, paNa jhaDapI nikAla mATe judA judA kArIgarone AkhuM kAma vaheMcI nAkhavuM paDe che. eTale tame chuTAM pAnAMnI pratane badale AkhI bAMdhelI noTa ApI hoya te tene phADIne pAnAM chuTAM karI levAM paDe che. lakhANa eka ja bAjue eTalA mATe hevuM joIe ke tethI sughaDatA jaLavAya che, ane bIbAM goThavanArane emAM sugamatA paDatI hovAthI kAma svaccha ane jhaDapI thAya che. ekabIjAnI pAchaLa lakhelAM lakhANa ghaNIvAra ArapAra UThI Ave che, cemAsA jevI RtumAM to pAchaLa phUTI nIkaLe che ane pariNAme hAtha-prata aspaSTa ane gaMdI banI jAya che. bIje mudde te joDaNI ane lekhana-cihnone. ApaNe tyAM keLavAelA vargamAM paNa joDaNInI anizcitatA ane arAjakatA pravarte che tyAM chApakhAnAnA adhakacaruM bhaNelA kArIgaro pAsethI te bAbatanI cokasAInI AzA kevaLa vyartha che. teo te saMcAnI peThe nirjIvapaNe tamArI hAtha-prata pramANe ja bIbAM goThavye jAya che. vilAyatanAM chApakhAnAMomAM to rUpharIDara ane kArIgare, lakhANamAM ajANe rahI gaelI joDaNInI ke evI galatIe ApameLe sudhArI le che, eTaluM ja nahi paNa tyAMnA rUpharIDara te vAyaracanAo, vyAkaraNanA niyamo, zabdonA haLavAbhAre prayoge, temanI arthachAyAo vagerenA paNa ThIka niSNAta hoya che, eTale tyAM e bAbatanI ciMtA lekhaka bahu na kare to paNa cAle evuM hoya che; chatAM tyAM paNa hAthaprata te saMpUrNa zuddha taiyAra karIne pahelethI ja ApavAnI paddhati che. ene mukAbale ApaNe tyAM to e bAbatamAM atyaMta kALajInI jarUra dekhItI che. pitAnI ja viziSTa joDaNuM rAkhavAne jemane Agraha hoya temaNe te avazya te mujaba ja lakhANanI hAtha-prata taiyAra karavI, ane chApakhAnAvALAne paNa temAM kazA sudhArAvadhArA karyA vinA tene custapaNe vaLagI rahevAnI pahelethI sUcanA ApavI. bIjAoe, potAne mAnya hoya tevA koI paNa 212

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presa kaMpI ane prapha rIDiMga joDaNIkoSanA niyamone anurUpa paNa saLaMga, ekadhArI ne zuddha joDaNIvALuM ja lakhANa hAtha-pratamAM taiyAra karI ApavuM joie, - trIjo muddo te lakhANamAM AvatAM avataraNo, kAvya, phUTanoTo, koI viSayane lagatA kAThAo, hAMsiyAmAM levAnAM lakhANo, peTA mathALAM athavA peregrAphanA paDakhAmAM mUkAtAM (mArjinala) mathALAM, amuka viSayamAM batAvavAnA bhAradarzaka kALA akSare vagerenI sUcanAono. A badhAM lakhANamAM jyAM jyAM AvatAM hoya tyAMtyAM barAbara te mujaba ja lakhIne taiyAra karI ApavAM joIe, ane uparAMta te viSayanI spaSTa sUcanA paNa lakhANanI bAjue pensilathI karavI joIe. avataraNo ke kAvyonA utArA, cAlu kAvyamAM AvatA chaMda, rAga ke DhALanAM nAma, gTanoTo vagere pustakanA cAlu TAIpa karatAM jarA nAnAM bIbAMmAM goThavavAno rivAja che. kALajIthI hAtha-prata taiyAra karanAra mANasa to e mujaba e badhA akSare, pitAnA cAlu akSaronI laDhaNa karatAM nAnI kare ja. paNa tema na bane to te nAnA TAIpamAM levAnI sUcanA avazya karavI. vaLI keTalAka lekhake avataraNone cAlu lakhANa karatAM sAMkaDA mApamAM -baMne bAju hAMsiyA rAkhIne-peTAmAM levaDAve che. tevI IrachAvALAoe te mujabanI paNa spaSTa sucanA hAthapratamAM ja karavI joIe, ane te mujaba lakhI paNa batAveluM hovuM joIe; kemake AvA badhA sudhArA pAchaLathI mupha vakhate karAvavAmAM bevaDI mahenata ane vakhata lAge che, ane te badala chApakhAnAMvALA vadhu nANuM paNa mAgI zake che. kaI khAsa viSayane lagatA koThAo hoya to te pitAne joIe e mujaba ja Abedaba AMkI goThavIne ja taiyAra karI ApavA joIe, ke jethI bIbAM goThavanArane ochAmAM ochI gUMcavaNa ane mahenata paDe, tathA pAchaLathI e kAmamAM bahu pheraphAra ke uthAmavApaNuM na rahe. kemake AvA keThAo goThavavA e bIbAM goThavavAmAM agharAmAM agharuM kAma hoya che ane ghaNIvAra te lAMbe kaTho ekeka kArIgarano aradhe ke A divasa khAI jAya che. evA kAmamAM pAchaLathI tame uthAmaNa ke pheraphAra karAve te mahenata ane vakhata baMne mAge, ane tethI chApakhAnAvALA tene vadhAre dAma mAge e dekhItuM che. chellI vAta rahI te sarvasAmAnya sughaDatA, uThAva ane ekadhArApaNA viSenI. sAmAnya rIte pratyeka graMthakAre, pitAnuM purataka kevuM thavuM joIe 213

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pariziSTa tenA kAMika jhAMkhA jevA Adaza ghaDI rAkhyA heAya che, athavA ekAda pustakane namUne najara sAme rAkhyA hoya che. e Adarzo athavA namUnAne bane teTale anurUpa pAtAnI hAtha-pratane namUnA taiyAra karyAM hAya te pachI jarA utsAhI chApakhAnAvALA pAsethI potAnuM manamAnyuM kAma letAM kazI muzkelI nathI AvatI. sudhaDatA jALavavAmAM te, peAtAnA akSare jo svaccha ane spaSTa thatA hoya te| kAMi harakata nathI AvatI; nahitara kAI sArA akSara lakhanAra pAse hAtha-prata taiyAra karAvI levI e piraNAme eThuM kharacALa nIvaDe che. ghaNAkharA zaktisaMpanna te have gujarAtI TAIparAITara vasAve che. ekadhArApaNuM jALavavAne, upara batAvelA muddAne cIvaTathI anulakSIne lakhANa taiyAra karyu hAya teA basa. keTalAka cIvaTavALA ane kuzaLa lakhanArAe te peAtAnA namUnA mATe je pustaka dhAryuM hoya tenI lITIe lITI ane pAne pAnA mujaba, pahelethI gaNatarI karIne lakhANa taiyAra kare che. dAkhalA tarIke, chApelA pustakanA eka pAnAmAM pacIsa lITI AvatI hAya ane ekeka lITImAM trIsane zumAre akSarA AvatA hoya teA, barAbara te ja mujaba, kALajIpUrvaka dareka lITImAM trIsa trIsa (athavA tenI AsapAsa) akSare Ave ane evI pacIsa lITI dareka pAnAmAM lakhAya evI rIte AkhI hAtha-prata taiyAra karavAmAM Ave te e namUnedAra hAtha-prata gaNAya, evI hAtha-pratamAM jyAM avataraNA, kADA, peTA mathALAM vagere AvatAM hoya te te mujaba mUkyAM hoya, navAM prakaraNA zarU thatAM hoya tyAM patisara kArI jagyA rAkhIne zarUAta karI hoya, prakaraNanA prathamAkSarA icchA mujaba mApasara meTA darzAvyA hAya, lakhANamAM AvatAM vizeSa nAmeA vagere je kAinA prathamAkSarA kALA levaDAvavA hAya tyAMtyAM nIce lITI dorIne darzAvyuM hAya, eTale te Adarza hAtha-prata thai. evI hAtha-prata uparathI, pahelI ja najare, tamArUM pustaka keTalAM pAnAMnuM utaraze te nizcita aMdAja tame kADhI zakA, tenuM kharca gaNI zake ane e hAtha-prata chApakhAnAvALAne AzIrvAda rUpa thai paDe. tamArUM kAma heAMzeheAMze, echAmAM ochI bhUlAvALuM te vadhAremAM vadhAre jhaDapathI cAlatuM thAya ane eka ja vakhatanA sudhArAthI jhAjhI mahenata vinA tamane tarata svaccha, sudhaDa ane bhUlarahita, tamArA manamAnyA namUnA mujabanuM kAma maLe. 214

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presa kaMpI ane yupha rIDiMga ukhaDuM ToLI, Ditaja 05] guutA mAM unAnA gijubhAI mArA apanI upe| 2 4 nA bhAI sumana khAkhau WA MMMMMMMMM pau aA R ka ma pa WALAM ULM LAU LABA WW millashila mlmilalii m I l viNA khAna maMdira cheajnaga2 Rs wwwwwwwwwwwww w ww wwww w w www wwww meM ? 5 5 na wu wu wune www wy29 MAMLA WMM VAM WA hAtha-pratanI sAthe pitAnI kalpanA mujabane, pustakanA rUpa uThAva tathA pAnAMnI goThavaNano namUno chApakhAnAvALAne kema karI Apavo tenI Dhaba A upara batAvI che. karakariyALI lAInathI dareka pAnAnuM mApa batAvyuM che. mathALAnuM paheluM citra, pustakanA pUThAno namUno bloka vagerenA skeca sAthe kema karI Apa te darzAve che. pachInA citramAM navuM prakaraNa kevI DhabathI zarU karavuM te darzAvyuM che. zaNagArano glaeNka tathA prakaraNanA aMka 215

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pariziSTa ane TAIpanI racanA karIne mathALuM kema bAMdhavuM, pAnAne mathALe tathA prakaraNanA nAma ane lakhANa vacce keTalI jagyA karI mUkavI, prakaraNane prathamAkSara kevaDo moTo laIne tenA piTAmAM barAbara lakhANanI be ja lITI sapramANa kema samAvavI ane samasta pRSThanI pramANabaddha racanA kema karavI teno e namUno che. pustakanAM bAkInA cAlu pAnAMonI racanA kema karavI tenuM sucana nIcalA namUnAmAM karyuM che. pustakanAM sAmasAmAM AvatAM bekI tathA ekI kramanAM pRSTha upara, rUla lAina mUkIne pustakanuM nAma tathA prakaraNanuM nAma kema goThavavuM, pAnAne kramanA aMka kayAM goThavavA, kyA akSara ghATAgherA tathA kyA cAlu bIbAMmAM levA, dareka pRSThamAM keTalI lITIo levI, peregrApha keTalI jagyAthI zarU karavA, vacce kavitA ke avataraNa Ave te sAMkaDA mApamAM kema goThavavAM vagere badhI bAbatono temAM samAveza karyo che. uparAMta, AkhA pustakane uThAva dIpI nIkaLe te mATe, pustakanI mathALAnI bAju tathA aMdaranI bAMdhaNInI bAjue sAMkaDA mArjina ane paDakhenI tathA nIcenI (dhasAro lAgavAnI) baMne bAjue pahoLI jagyAnA moTA mArjina choDIne, pustaka chApavA mATe mazine para caDAvatI vakhate tenAM pAnAM tyAM kevI rIte goThavavAM tenI sUcanA paNa sAthosAtha e nIcalA namUnAmAM AvI jAya che. upara jaNAvyuM tema, pustakanA kadane vicAra paNa hAtha-pratanI sAthesAthe ja karavo joIe ane bane te potAnA dhArelA namUnAnA pustakanA pAna pramANe ja hAtha-prata taiyAra karavI joIe. pustakanAM judAM judAM kada hoya che tenI jhAjhI jhINavaTamAM ahIM nahi utarIe, paNa te badhAMnI jAta vAra oLakha meLavavA sArU temanAM nAma ane namUnA jANI laIzuM eTale samajamAM AvI jaze. pustakonAM je judAM judAM kada kahevAya che te kharI rIte te kAgaLanAM judAM judAM mApanAM nAma che. te te mApanA kAgaLane covaDe, AThavaDe, soLavaDe ke batrIsavaDo vALatAM je kada Ave te kada ane mApanuM e pustaka kahevAya. atyAre DemI, krAuna, raiyala, supara rayala ane phusakepa e pAMca mApa pracalita che. "sAhitya', 'vasaMta', buddhiprakAza' vagere mAsiko chapAya che te zayala ATha peja sAIjha -eTaleke royala mApanA kAgaLane AThavo 216

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presa kApI ane k rIDiMga vALIe te Ave te kada, tene evaDuM vALatAM tenAthI aradhI ane te rAyala sALa pe". kavi khabaradAranI 'saMdezikA', 'kAvyamAya" vagere e kadanAM pustakA che. e kada pustakA mATe pahelAM pracalita hatuM; paNa AjakAla to krAuna sALa penTa kada ja sTaeNnDa' gaNAya che. dhUmaketu'nA 'taNukhA', navajIvana prakAzana maMdiranAM pustakA e te kadanAM. enAthI bamaNuM moTuM--eTaleke krAuna ATha pelTa--kada te 'kumAra' 'navacetana' vagere mAsikAnuM. raeNAyala jAtamAM pustakA mATe eka trIjuM kada cheH raeNyala khAra pejI, gujarAtI' patranI badhI bheTa e kadamAM che. A pustakanuM kada DemI ATha penTa che; ane tenAthI bamaNuM te DenI cAra pekTaH be ghaDI meAja' vagere aThavADikAnuM. 'navajIvana', 'saurASTra' vagerenAM kada pulsakepa cAra penTa, ane bAlamitra', 'zikSaNa patrikA' vagere tenAthI aradhAM te lsakepa ATha pe. tenAthI ye aradhAM sakepa seALa pejI te 'pUrvAlApa' vagere kadanAM pustake. evAM nAnAM kadamAM dakSiNAmUrti prakAzana maMdiranI bALasAhityamALA' te DemI seALa pejI, AzramabhajanAvali' te krAuna trIsa pejI ane gItAnA guTakA Ave che te raeNyala trIsa pejI. pustakanA kadanA paricayanI sAthesAthe chApavAnAM khImAMnI judIjudI jAtAnI eLakha paNa karI laIe eTale e pradezanuM prAthamika jJAna pUruM thayuM. yUropa-amerikAmAM te mudraNakaLAnI pragati hamaNAMhamaNAM eTalI jhaDapathI thAya che ke dara varSe ekame navI manAM khImAM DhaLyAM ja hoya che. eTaeTaluM vaividhya, mAMdA ane navInatA emAM hoya che ke chaka thaI jaI e. ApaNe tyAM te A dhaMdhe ja khUNe paDelA che, eTale gujarAtI bIbAMmAM zarUAtathI je thADIka vividhatAe cAlatI AvI che te te te hajI kAyama rahI che. A nIce e khImAMnA nAmanI lITIe, te te jAtanAM bIbAMmAM gAvIne ja ApI che, eTale vAcakane tenAM nAma ane prakAra baMnenuM jJAna ekIsAthe thaI jaze. 28 smAla pAIkA mAla bleka pAIkA Li pAIkA pheMka savAI pAIkA athavA iMgliza pAIkA iMgliza pAIkA kaiMka 217

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pariziSTa greTa prAImara greTa prAImara bleka 18 poinTa gujarAtI Tu lAIna thI lAIna phora lAIna phAIva lAIna A pustaka je TAIpamAM chapAyuM che tenuM nAma pAIkA. sAmAnya rIte badhAM pustako, mAsika vagere sAmAnya vAcana e ja TAIpamAM chApavAne rivAja che. e ja mApamAM vadhAre kALA levAnA akSaro te pAIka bleka, ramaila TAIpa avataraNe, neTa vageremAM vaparAya che. vartamAnapatromAM ochA agatyanA lekhe, samAcAra vagere paNa jagyA bacAvA mATe e mAla pAkA TAIpamAM chapAya che. e jAtane ghATa uThAvanAra TAIpa te maeNla bleka. piTA mathALAM vagere jevA kAma mATe te ThIka upayAgane. . Amavarga mATenAM pustako, bhajananA guTakA, bALavAcananAM pustake vagere mATe igliza pAIka athavA greTa Imara vaparAya che. vAMcanamALA jevAM bALakonAM prAthamika vAcana mATenAM pustakA greTa glaeNkamAM paNa chapAya che. 18 poInTa gujarAtI suMdara maroDano madhyamasaranI moTAIno TAIpa che. nAnakaDAM pustakanAM prakaraNamAM zALA mATe te athavA Igliza bleka DIka dIpI nIkaLe. te sivAya mathALAM Te sAmAnya rIte Tu lAIna jAta pracalitu, che. 'navajIvana'nAM sughaDa ane prANazuddha lAgatAM mathALAM e TAIpamAM Ave che. pachInA moTA TApo te vartamAnapatronAM mathALAM ane jAhera khabare goThavavA mATe ja ghaNAkharA khapanA che. pustakamAM te mAtra zarUAtanA 218