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________________ sthApita : 1926 prAcIna jaina sAhitya kI vIra sevA mandira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 samRddha paramparA vIra sevA madira uttara bhArata kA agraNI jaina | saMskRti, sAhitya, itihAsa, purAtattva evaM darzana zodha / prAcIna jaina sAhitya kA kSetra prati vistRta hai| prAkRta, | saMsthAna hai jo 1926 se anavarata apane punIta uddezyoM kI | saMskRta, apabhraMza kannar3a, tamila, gujarAtI, marAThI hindI sampUrti meM saMlagna rahA hai| isake pAvana uddezya isa prAdi vibhinna bhASAmoM meM nivaddha isa sAhitya kI bhajana prakAra haiM : dhArA prati prAcIna kAla se adyAvadhi pravichinna rUpa se 0 jana-janetara purAtatva sAmagrI kA saMgraha, saMkalana | vahita calI pA rahI hai / zvetAmbara tathA digamgara donoM mora prakAzana / sampradAyoM kA sAhitya prAyaH bhinna hai| 0 prAcIna jaina-janetara granthoM kA uddhAra / loka hitArtha nava sAhitya kA sRjana, prakaTIkaraNa aura mahAvIra se pUrva kA sAhitya pracAra / caudaha 'pUrva', utpAdapUrva mAdi / mahAvIra se pazcAta 'anekAnta' patrAdi dvArA janatA ke prAcAra-vicAra ko U~cA uThAne kA prayatna / kA sAhitya prAcArAGga Adi bAhara prg| 'dRSTivAda' nAma ke bArahaveM aMga me caudaha pUrvo kA samAveza thA kintu 0 jaina sAhitya, itihAsa aura tattvajJAna viSayaka anu sadhAnAdi kAryoM kA prasAdhana aura unake prottejnaarth| usakA paramparA samApta ho gyaa| vRttiyoM kA vidhAna tathA puraskArAdi kA prAyojana / - ardhamAgadhI janAgama vividha upayogI saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza, hindI eva / inakI saMkhyA 45 hai-11 aMga, 12 upAMga, 6 chedaaMgrejI prakAzanoM; jaina sAhitya, itihAsa mora tattvajJAna viSayaka zodha-manusaMdhAna; sUvizAla evaM nirantara pravarSa-1 sUtra, 4 mUla sUtra, 10 pravINaka evaM 2likA str| mAna granthAgAra; jaina, saMskRti, sAhitya, itihAsa evaM purA ina saba para jaba jo racanAyeM likhI gaI ve hai-niyukti, tatva ke samartha agradUta 'anekAnta' ke nirantara prakAzana evaM mASya, buNi pora ttiikaa| anya anekAneka vividha sAhityika mora sAMskRtika gativiSiyoMrAvIra sevA madira gata 48 varSa se nirantara zaurasenI jainAgama sevArata rahA hai evaM uttarottara vikAsamAna hai| uparyukta jainAgama zvetAmbara saMpradAya me pracalita hai| yaha sasthA apane vividha kriyA-kalApoM meM hara prakAra se digambara paramparA kA mUlAgama 'SaTkhaNDAgama' ke nAma se mApakA mahatvapUrNa sahayoga eka pUrNa protsAhana pAne kI prasiddha hai| isakI racanA prAcArya dharasena ke ziSya prAcArya adhikAriNI hai| prataH pApase sAmurodha nivedana hai ki : puSpadanta aura bhUta bali ne kii| digambara mAmnAya ke mana1. vIra sevA maMdira ke sadasya banakara dharma prabhAvanAtmaka kAryakramoM meM sakriya yogadAna kreN| sAra samasta jainAgama cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-prathamAna2. bIra sevA mandira ke prakAzanoM ko svayaM apane upayoga yoga (purANa-kathA), karaNAnuyoga (jyotiSa-gaNita), ke lie tathA viviSa mAMgalika avasaroM para apane caraNAnuyoga (mAcArazAstra) tathA dravyAnuyoga / ina cAroM priyajanoM ko bheMTa meM dene ke lie khriideN| anuyogoM kA apAra sAhitya upalabdha hai| 3, mAsika zodha patrikA 'bhanekAnta' ke grAhaka banakara | ___tatpazcAt mAja se lagabhaga 100 varSa pUrva se jaina jaina saMskRti, sAhitya, itihAsa evaM purAtatva ke zoSA-sAhitya kA mAdhunika yuga prArambha hotA hai| nusandhAna meM yoga deN| vividha dhArmika, sAMskRtika parvo evaM dAnAdi ke prava. saroM para mahata uddezyoM kI pUrti meM vIra sevA mandira kI mArthika sahAyatA kreN| bhanekAnta meM prakAzita vicAroM ke lie sampAdaka-maNDala -gokula prasAra baina, saciva : uttaradAyI nahIM hai| -sampAdaka
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________________ mom maham paramAgamasya bIjaM niSiddhajAtyandhasinSaravidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnA virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam / / vIra-sevA-mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 vIra-nirvANa saMvat 2504, vi0 saM0 2034 varSa 31 kiraNa 1 janavarI-mArca 1978 / zrI mahAvIra-stavana prazAntaM darzanaM yasya sarvabhUtA'bhayapradam / mAMgalyaM ca prazastaM ca zivastena vibhAvyate // jagannakAvasthaM yugapadakhilA'nannaviSayaM, yave tatpratyakSa tava na ca bhavAn kasyacidapi / anenavA'cintya-prakRti-rasa-siddhestu viduSAM, samIkSyaMtadvAraM tavaguNa kathorakAvayamapi // nA'rthAn vivitsasi na vetsyasi nA, 'pyavetsonaM jJAtavAnasi na te'cyuta ! vedyamasti / traikAlya-nitya-viSama yugapacca vizvaM, pazyasyacintya-caritAya namo'stu tubhyam // dUrAmAptaM yadacintya-mRtijJAnaMtvayA jammajarA'ntakata tenA'si lokAna bhimUya sarvAnsarvajJa ! lokottamatAmupetaH / / kriyAM ca saMjJAna-viyoga-niSphalA kriyAvihInaM ca vibodhasaMpadam / nirasyatA klezasamUha-zAntaye tvayA zivAyA likhiteta paddhatiH / / ya eva SaDajIva-nikAya-vistaraH pararanAlIDha pathastvayoditaH / aneka sarvajJa-parIkSaNa-kSamAstvayi prasAdodaya sotsavAH sthitA // -siddhasenAcAryaH artha-jinakI prazAnta mUrti ke darzana mAtra se samasta prANI prabhaya prApta karate haiM, vaha bhagavAn prazasta maMgalarUpa evaM kalyANamayI zobhAyamAna haiN| akhila vizva ke ananta viSaya aura unakI samasta paryAyeM jisake pratyakSa haiM, anya kisI ko nahIM, paura prakRti-rasa-siddhavidvAnoM ke lie bhI jo pracintya hai, aise ukta sarvajJadvAra kI samIkSA karake maiM prApakA guNagAna karane ko utsuka humA huuN| vizva ke trikAlavartI samasta sAkAra-nirAkAra, vyakta-avyakta, sUkSma-sthUla, dRSTa-pradRSTa, jJAtapajJAta, vyavahita-avyavahita prAdi padArtha prapanI aneka ananta paryAyoM sahita pApa ko yugapat pratyakSa haiM, he bhagavAna pracyuta! pApako namaskAra ho! he sarvAnsarvajJa ! kaThinAI se prApta hone vAle acintya tattvajJAna dvArA prApane janma-jarA matyu ko jIta kara loka ko abhibhUta kiyA aura lokottamatA prApta kii| he prabhu ! prApake sanmArga meM samyagjJAnarahita kriyA ko tathA kriyAvihIna jJAna ko kleza samUha ko zAnti aura zivaprApti ke artha niSphala batAyA hai| he vIra jina ! cha: kAya ke jIvoM kA jo vistAra mApane pratipAdita kiyA hai, vasA koI anya nahIM kara skaa| prataeva jo loga sarvajJatva kI parIkSA karane meM samartha haiM, ve bar3e prasanna citta se prApake bhakta bane haiN| DDD)
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________________ madhyapradeza kI jaina tIrthasthalI : maksI pArzvanAtha D DA. surendrakumAra prArya, ujjana bhAratIya saMskRti dharma pradhAna hai, aura hara dharma meM jaina dharma meM tIrtha sthAna para mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA evaM tIrtha yAtrA kI mahattA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| tIrtha yAtrA unakA pUjana ati prAcIna kAla se pracalita hai| tIrthoM para se anuyAyI varga me bhakti bhAva kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai aura mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA hai evaM mUrtiyoM kI mAtmA kI zAMti prApta hotI hai| ye kisI prAkRtika pratiSThA kI jAtI hai suSamA kI mahatA ke kAraNa zAMta sthAna meM nirmita hote madhyapradeza meM jaina purAtattva kA prakSaya bhaMgara hai| "tIrtha" zabda "tR" dhAtu se nikalA humA hai, arthAt madhyapradeza bhArata varSa ke madhya meM sthita, kSetraphala kI jima ke dvArA athavA jisake AdhAra se tarA jAya / jina- dRSTi se sabase bar3A pradeza hai| isameM prati prAcIna janapada sena kRta "mAdi-purANa" meM prAtA hai ki jo isa prasAra pravantI pradeza hai aura isakI rAjadhAnI ujjayinI thii| sasAra samudra se pAra kare use tIrtha kahate haiM / yahA jinendra ise hI sAtavIM zatAbdI se 'mAlavA' kahane lge| prAcIna kA prArUpAna zravaNa kiyA jAtA hai| jaina dharma meM tIrtha kAla se hI pravatI pradeza meM nadI-taToM, vanoM ke suramya sthAna usa sthAna ko kahate hai jahAM tIrthakaroM ne garbha, janma, vAtAvaraNa me vItarAga yogI pAtmA ke utthAna ke lie abhiniSkramaNa, kevala jJAna aura nirvANa kalyANa me se dhyAnalIna rahA karate the-pAvAgiri, siddhavarakUTa, culakoI kalyANaka humA ho athavA kimI tapasvI muni ko giri, ujjayinI aise hI prAkRtika suSamA ke pramukha tIrtha kaivalajJAna yA nirvANa prApta humA ho| digambara samAja meM tIna prakAra ke tIrtha kSetra prasiddha mAlavA pradeza me atizaya kSetra to prasiddha hai hI, parantu kalA, purAtattva evaM itihAsa kI daSTi se bhI aneka sthala (1) siTa kSetra (jahAM nirvANa prApta kiyA gayA ho) mahattvapUrNa hai| tIrthakaro kI pratimAnoM, mAnastaMbha, mandira, (2) kalyANaka kSetra prakoSTha, jaina grantha va jaina citroM se aise sthala apane pApa (3) bhatizaya kSetrI me tIrtho jaise mahattvapUrNa sthala ho gaye haiN| ujjaina me to prathama koTi meM ve kSetra mAte haiM jahAM tIrthakara yA jaina dharma kA vikAsa maurya yuga (IsA pUrva 200 varSa) se kisI tapasvI munirAja kA nirvANa humA ho jaise kailAza, hI ho gayA thaa| kasarAvada, mahezvara, sAmera, ujjaina, capA, pAvA, UrjayaMta aura sammeda zikhara / maksI, kAyathA, unhela, jhArar3A, khAcaroda, pAnabihAra, dUsare meM haiM jahAM kisI tIrthaMkara kA garbha, jala, mabhi- hAsAmapurA, badanAvara, indaura va sauDhaMga, karer3I, sakher3I. niSkramaNa aura kevala-zAna kalyANaka humA hai| pacora, jAmanera, adAra, grASTA, zAjApura, zujAlapura' tIsare atizaya kSetra hai jahAM kisI mandira me yA mUrti mAgara mAdi aise sthAna hai jahA jaina purAtattva prabhUta mAtrA meM koI camatkAra dikhAI de, to vaha bhatizaya kSetra kaha- meM hai va jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAeM, dhAtuyaMtra, mandira prava. lAtA hai| zeSa evaM hastalikhita grantha surakSita haiN| tIrtha kSetra kI yAtrA se pApoM kA kSaya mora puNya kA gunA, badanAyara, IsAgar3ha, pASTA, susanera, udarasI, saMcaya hotA hai, prAtmazuddhi hotI hai aura vItarAga muniyoM pacora mAdi sthAnoM kI tundara tIrthakara pratimAeM digambara ke pAvana caritra kA zravaNa karake use hama apane jIvana me jaina purAtattva saMgrahAlaya, jayasiMhapurA, ujjaina meM surakSita utArane kA saMkalpa lete haiN| hai| yaha saMgrahAlaya bhArata ke jaina saMgrahAlayoM meM pramukha 1.DA.vi.zrI vAkaNakara : mAlavA ke jaina purAvazeSa, zrI mahAvIra smArikA, pu0 34-40 dekhie lekhaka dvArA likhita digaMbara jaina mUrti saMgrahAlaya, jayasiMhapurA kA paricaya, pu. 10)
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________________ madhyapradeza kI jaina tIrthasthala : maksI pAnA dvArA nirmita milI haiM / madhyapradeza meM madhyakAla kI jaina mUrtiyAM pracura saMkhyA meM milatI hai yahAM ke aneka kSetroM kI sthApanA isI kAla meM huii| yaha mAlavA meM paramAra narezoM kA zAzana - kAla thA jo lagabhaga 500 varSoM taka rahA, prarthAt 650 I0 se 1450 I0 taka rhaa| isa kAla meM pramukha nareza muMja, bhoja, udayasiMha, prajayapAla deva pramukha the / ina sahiSNu narezoM ne jaina dharma ke utthAna meM abhUtapUrva yogadAna pradAna kiyA / hai, kyoMki jaina purAtatva kI dRSTi se madhyapradeza pramukha hai; aura kisI bhI pradeza meM jaina purAtatva itanI pracuratA se nahIM milatA hai| yahA~ kA jaina purAtatva pracuratA kI dRSTi se hI nahIM, aitihAsika aura kalA kI dRSTi se bhI mahatva pUrNa mAnA jAtA hai| DA0 vAkaNakara ne mAlavA se prApta lagabhaga sAr3he tIna sau jaina abhilekha naye moje hai| isake pratirikta, jaina tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoM, zAsana devI-devatAoMoM kI mUrtiyoM, mandira, staMbha va hastalikhita grantha va durlabha jaina citrakalA ke pramANa isa mAlava pradeza meM prasaMkhya bhare hue haiN| mAnayA meM jaina dharma kA prArambhika vikAsa IsA pUrva zrI zatAbdI meM ho gayA thA, padyapi vaha pauddha dharma kI bhAMti unnata na thaa| zrImatI sTIvensana kA mata hai ki mahAvIra bhagavAna ne apane samaya me ujjaina meM kaThora tapasyA kI thI / isameM rudra ne vAghA pahuMcAI thI / jaina paramparAoM me caMda pradyota ko jaina dharmAnuyAyI kahA gayA hai aura usane jIvaMta svAmI kI mahAvIra pratimA una vidizA va dazapura meM sthApita kI thii| mAlavA meM prazoka ke pautra saMprati ne jaina dharma kA pratyadhika pracAra evaM prasAra kiyA / isa zAsaka ne jaina prAcArya prArya suhasti se dIkSA grahaNa kI thI / saMprati mAlavA meM aneka jaina mandira banavAye aura mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kii| usane aneka saghoM ko prazraya diyA va tIrthoM meM nirmANa kArya kiyaa| mahezvara ke nikaTa kasarAvada utkhanana se I0 pU0 dUsarI zatAbdI kA 'nighaTasa bihAre dIye' eka pAtra para likhA milA hai, jisase katipaya itihAsakAra yaha kahate hai ki yaha pramANita haiM ki mAlavA meM mauryakAla meM jaina nirbhaya sAdhu nivAsa karate the' (ke.sI. jaina mAlavA pra : di ejeja, pR0 78) / bAda ke zuMga sAtavAhanakAla meM siddha sena divAkara ne mAlavA me jaina dharma kA prasAra kiyA / gupta kAla meM jaina dharma kA kendra vidizA banA aura yahAM para jaina tIrthaMkara pratimAoMoM kI sthApanA kI gii| yahAM se 4thI- 5vIM zatAbdI kI jaina tIrthaMkara pratimAyeM rAmagupta 1. jaina seminAra 1976 meM paThita apanA zobapatra / 3. iMDiyana hisTArikala kvArTaralI. bhAga 25, 5022 / paramAra kAla meM mAlavA meM jaina dharma kA paryApta samunata vikAsa huaa| isI kAla meM yahAM kA baga-maga purAtasya jaina dharma maMDita humA yadyapi paramAra nareza brAhmaNa dharma ke anusaraNakartA the, parantu unhoMne jaina dharma ke utthAna va prasAra meM abhUtapUrva yoga pradAna kiyaa| paramAra narezoM ne jaina vidvAnoM ko rAjyAzraya diyaa| ujjaina va bArA nagarI jaMna bhASAyoM ke sthAyI sthAna bane aura jaina bhASAyoM ne bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM janatA ko jaina dharma kI ora zrAkarSita kiyaa| anekoM jaina mandira isa kAla meM bane aura unameM mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA kI gii| isI kAla meM aneka jaina tIrtho kI nIva par3I aura jaina prAcAryoM ne pUrva paramparA se prasiddha cale Ate hue sthAnoM kI mahattA batAI va vahAM para tIyoM kA samArambha hudhA / paramAra nareza vAkpati muMca ne jaMna prAcArya pramitagati, mahAkSetra, panapAla va dhanezvara ko rAjyAzraya pradAna kiyA / paramAra nareza bhojadeva ne prabhAcandra sUni ko sammAna pradAna kiyA ghora dhanapAla ne "tilakamaMjarI" grantha rcaa| sUrAcArya va devamadra aise jainAcArya the jinakA bhoja ke darabAra meM mAdara kiyA jAtA thaa| sAtha hI nayanandi, jinavara guri anya jaina kavi the, jinheM sAdara prApta thaa| maksI pAzvanAtha kA mandira ujjaina se 30 ki0 mI0 aura indaura se 72 ki0 mI0 uttara dizA meM sthita hai| yaha eka camatkArI jaina tIrtha hai jahAM para kivadati [zeSa pRSTha 12 para ] 2. sTIvezana : di hArTa Apha jainijma, pR0 33 /
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________________ madhyayuga kA eka adhyAtamiyAM nATaka kavi banArasIdAsa ne 'nATaka samayasAra' kI racanA kI thii| ve apane yuga ke prakhyAta sAhityakAra the / yadyapi unakA janma eka vyApArI kula meM hudhA thA, kintu ve apane bhAvAkula mantara mAnasa kA kyA karate, jo sadaiva kavitA ke rUpa meM prasphuTita rahane ke lie vyAkula rahatA thA unhoMne pandraha varSa kI Ayu me hI eka 'navarasa racanA' fe DAlI, jisameM eka hajAra dohe-caupAiyA~ thii| isa racanA meM bhane hI 'ghAsI kA visesa varanana' thA, kintu 'zrAsikhI kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se vaha eka acchA kAvya thA / isakA pramANa hai / eka dina, jaba banArasIdAsa ne usa kRti ko gomatI meM bahA diyA to sahRdaya mitra hA-hA karate hue ghara lautte| banArasIdAsa kI dUsarI kRti 'nAmamAlA' eka choTA-sA zabdakoza hai| isameM 175 dohe hai / usakA mukhya prAdhAra dhanajaya kI nAmamAlA hai| kintu isameM kevala saMskRta kA hI nahI, bhapitu prAkRta mora hindI kA bhI samAveza hai| ataH yaha eka maulika kRti hai| hindI meM itanA sarasa zabdakoza anya nahIM hai / prAgare ke dIvAna jagajIvana ne vi0 sa0 1701 me banArasIdAsa kI 65 muktaka racanAo ko eka prabhtha ke rUpa meM saMkalita kara diyA thaa| usakA nAma rakkhA thA 'banArasI vilAsa' / yaha grantha bambaI dhaura jayapura se prakAzita ho cukA hai| banA rasIdAsa kA prAramacarita' ardhakathAnaka ke nAma se prasiddha hai banArasIdAsa caturvedI ne use hindI kA pahalA prArama carita mAnA hai aura isa dRSTi se vaha hindI sAhitya kI eka mahattvapUrNa gharohara hai| 'nATaka samayasAra' banArasIdAsa kI sazakta racanA hai / sazakta isalie ki usa yuga kI 'pradhyAtmamUlA bhakti' me vaha anupama hai| usakA koI sAnI nahIM, tulanA nahIM abhivyakti parimArjita hai, to svAmA vika bhii| isakA nirmANa bhAgare me vi0 saM0 1663, Azvina sudI 12, ravivAra ke dina huA thaa| usa samaya bAdazAha zAhajahA~ kA soraThA dohe 245 ImAsa DA0 premasAgara jaina rAjya thaa| isa kRti meM 310 - ikatIsA 6 caupAiyAM 37 pahila para 4 kuNDaliyA~ 20 chappaya hai / nATaka samayasAra kA pUrvAdhAra / / / 'nATaka samayasAra' kA mUlAdhAra thA prAcArya kundakunda kA 'samayasAra pAhU' prAcArya kundakunda vikrama saMvat kI pahalI zatI meM hue hai unake rakhe hue tIna grantha-samayasAra, pravacanasAra aura paMcAstikAya atyadhika prasiddha hai| jaina paramparA me prAcArya kundakunda bhagavAn kI bhA~ti hI pUje jAte he zrI devasena ne vi0 saM0 190 me apane darzanasAra nAma ke grantha me likhA hai ki yadi kundakundAcArya ne jJAna na diyA hotA to zrAge ke munijana samyak patha ko vismaraNa kara jAte / zrutasAgara sUrikRta 'SaTprAbhUta' kI TIkA ke anta meM unako 'kalikAla sarvajJa' kahA gayA hai| candragiri aura vindhyagiri ke zilAlekho me unakI pratyadhika prazaMsA kI gaI hai| 'samayasAra' mradhyAtma kA sarvotkRSTa grantha hai| apane svabhAva aura guNa paryAyoM meM sthira rahane ko 'samaya' kahate hai| jaina mAnyatAnusAra cha: dravya 'samaya' sajJA se abhihita hote hai, kyoMki ve sardava apane tuNaparyAyo meM sthira rahate haiN| inameM bhI bhAsmadravya jJAyaka hone ke kAraNa mArabhUta hai usakA mukhyatayA vivecana karane se isa grantha ko samayasAra kahate haiN| isameM prAkRta bhASA me likhI gaI 415 gAthAe~ haiM / isakA prakAzana bambaI, banArasa bhora mAroTha Adi kaI sthAnoM se ho cukA hai / / ina prAkRta gAthAnoM para prAcArya amRtacandra ne vi0 saM0 kI havIM zatI meM 'zrAtmakhyAti' nAma kI saMskRta TIkA kalazoM ke rUpa meM likhI / mAcAyaM mamRtacandra prasiddha TIkAkAra the| unhoMne kevala samayasAra kI hI nahIM, apitu paMcAstikAya aura tasvasAra kI bhI TokAyeM likhI hai|
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________________ madhyayuga kA eka pradhyAtamiyA nATaka TIkA kI vizeSatA hai ki usakA mUla anya ke sAtha pUrNa meM likhA gayA hai| prArambha mora panta ke 100 padyoM kA bhI tAdAtmya honA caahie| aisA pratIta hotA hai jaise ki bhAtmarUpAti TokA se koI sambandha nahIM hai| jinakA sambandha amRtacandra ne prAcArya kundakunda kI pratimA meM ghusakara hI hai, ve bhI navIna haiN| uname 'kalaza' kA abhiprAya to avazya isa TIkA kA nirmANa kiyA ho| prAcArya amRtacandra likhA gayA hai kintu vividha dRSTAMtoM, upamA aura usprekSAmoM vidvAna the pora kavi bhI, kavi pratibhA unameM janmajAta thI, se aisA rasa utpanna humA hai, jisake samakSa kalaza phIkA kintu prAramakhyAti TIkA, TIkA hai, prataH use apane mUla jaMcatA hai| eka dRSTAnta se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jaayegii| grantha samayasAra pAhaDa kA sahI pratinidhitva karanA cAhie amRtacandra ne eka kalaza meM likhA haithA, vaha usane kiyA hai| zAyada isI kAraNa usameM dArza- nAznute viSayasevane'pi yastvaM phala viSayasevamasya naa| nikatA hI mukhya hai| usame kavi kA bhAvasakulatA kA jJAna vaibhava virAgatA balAtsevako'pi tadaso'sevakaH / / samanvaya nahIM ho skaa| prAcArya amRtacandra ne jina anya isa para likhA gayA nATaka samayasAra kA padya isa granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai. ve bhI dArzanika hI hai / 'tattva prakAra haisAra' aura 'puruSArthasiddhyupAya' unakI maulika kRtiyAM hai| jaise nizivAsara kamala rahe paMkahI meM, vikrama saMvat kI 17vI zatI meM pa. rAjamalla ne paMkaja kahAvaM na vAke liMga paMka hai| ra' para 'bAlabAdhinA nAma kA TAkA likhA, jo jaise mantravAdI viSadhara so gahA gAta, hindI gadya me thii| ye DhUMDhAhar3ha pradeza ke varATanagara ke rahane mantra kI zakati bAke binA viSa DaMka hai| vAle the| ata: unakI mAtRbhASA DhUMDhArI hindI hai| hindI jaise jIbha gahe cikanAI rahe rUkhe praga, gadya ke itihAma me unakA gauravapUrNa sthAna hai| pAnI me kanaka jaise kAI se aTaka hai| pa. rAjamalla kI vidvattA ko khyAti caturdika tase jJAnavAna nAnA bhAti karatUta ThAna, vyApta thii| ve maskRta aura prAkRta ke bhI marmajJa vidvAna kiriyA te bhinna mAne mote nikalaka hai|" the| unakA vyaktitva bhI prAkarSaka aura smunn| thaa| spaSTa hI hai ki uparyukta zabdo ke cayana, paktiyo ke vidvattA ke samanvaya ne use aura bhI nikhAra diyA thaa| gaThana, prasAda guNa aura dRSTAntAlakara kI sahAyatA se "jJAnakinta. ardhakathAnaka me likhA hai ki isa TIkA ko paDhakara vAnamAna kAryoM ko karatA aur bhI unase pathaka rahatA banArasIdAsa ko 'mAtmA' ke viSaya me bhrama humA thaa| hai", yaha dArzanika siddhAnta sajIva ho uThA hai| saca to isakA artha yaha humA ki paM0 rAjamalla jI 'samayasAra' kA yaha hai ki samayasAra aura usakI TIkAyeM darzana se sambasahI prathaM nahI samajha ske| saca to yaha hai ki samayasAra dhita hai. jabaki banArasIdAsa kA nATaka samayasAra sAhitya eka aimA prastha hai jisakA mUla samajha lenA mAvazyaka hai| kA grantha hai| usameM kavi kI bhAvukatA pramukha hai, jabaki binA usake pAThaka ulajha jAtA hai| ho sakatA hai, pa. samayasAra me dArzanika kA pANDitya / darzana ke rUkhe gajamalla bhI kahI mUla meM hI bhUla kara gaye ho| middhAntoM kA bhAvonmeSa vaha hI kara sakatA hai jisane unha banArasIdAma ke nATaka samayasAra para uparyuka nIno pacAkara prAtmasAta kara liyA ho| kavi banArasIdAsa ne mAcAryoM kA prabhAva hai| apanI prAdhyAtmika goSThI meM samayasAra kA bhalI bhAti nATaka samayasAra aura usakI maulikatA adhyayana, pArAyaNa prora manana kiyA thaa| isameM unhona varSoM __'nATaka samayasAra' ko pramRtacandra ke saskRta kalazo khapA diye the / bIca me galana prathaM samajhane ke kAraNa unhe kA anuvAda nahI kahA jA sakatA, usameM paryApta maulikatA kucha bhrama ho gayA thA, pariNAmavazAt ve aura unake cAra bhI hai / amRtacandra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA me kevala 277 sAthI eka banda koTharI meM nagna hokara muni banana kA kalaze haiM, jabaki nATaka samayasAra me 727 padya hai / ata abhyAsa karate the| bAda me pANDe rUpacandrase, jinakI samUcI kA 14vo 'guNasthAna adhikAra' to bilkula svatantra rUpa zikSA banArasa meM huI thI, gommaTasAra sunakara 3.he
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________________ varSa 31, ki.. anekAnta vAstavika jJAna humA mora samayasAra kA sahI artha samajha isakA nAma hI 'nATaka samayasAra' rkhaa| ske| kintu, kevala artha samajhanA aura usakI anubhUti nATaka samayasArameM sAta tattva-jIva, bandha, ajIva, mAnava, karanA do bhinna bAteM haiN| anubhUti tabhI ho sakatI hai, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa bhabhinaya karate haiN| inameM pradhAna jabaki artha ko sAkSAta kiyA gayA ho, arthAt anubhUti hone ke kAraNa jIva nAyaka hai aura prajIva pratinAyaka ke lie kevala jJAtA hI nahIM, draSTA honA bhI prAvazyaka unake pratispardhA abhinayoM ne citramayatA ko janma diyA hai| hAkavi banArasIdAsa ne prAcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra jIva ko ajIva ke kAraNa hI vividha rUpoM meM natya karanA kI gAthAnoM kA pramatacandra kI prAtmarUpAti TIkA ke par3atA hai| prAsmA ke svabhAva aura vibhAva ko nATakIya DhaMga mAdhyama se adhyayana kiyA, prAdhyAtmika goSThI meM manana se upasthita karane ke kAraNa isako 'nATaka samayasAra' vahate kiyA aura ekAnta meM sAkSAt kiyaa| inake samanvaya se haiN| yaha eka prAdhyAtmika rUpaka hai| eka sthAna para prAtmAkAyata duI manabhati ne 'nATaka samayasAra' ko janma diyaa| rUpI nartaka mattArUpI raMgabhUmi para jJAna kA svAMga banA kara banArasIdAsa kI dRSTi meM saccI anubhUti hI saccA brahma natya karatA hai| pUrvabadha kA nAza usakI gAyana vidyA hai, hai| tajjanya mAnanda paramAnanda hI hai, usase kama nhii| navInabadha kA savara tAla tor3anA hai, ni.zakita prAdi pATha bahakAmadhena aura citraveli ke samAna hai| usakA svAda praga usake manA praga usake sahacArI hai, samatA kA mAlApa svaro kA paMcAmRta bhojana-jaisA hai / nATaka samayasAra me yaha pacAmRta / uccAraNa hai, nirjarA kI dhvani dhyAna kA mRdaga hai| vaha bhojana paga-paga para upalabdha hai| 'deha vinAzavAn hai, gAyana aura nRtya me lIna hokara mAnanda me sarAbora haiusakI UparI camaka-damaka dhokA detI hai', darzana ke isa marusthala meM se phUTane vAlA eka nirmala jala kA srota "pUrvabadha nAsa so to saMgIta kalA prakAsa dekhie navabagha rudhi tAla torata ucharika / "reta kI-sI gar3hI kidhoM mar3hI hai masAna kI-sI, nisakti prAdi praSTa aga saMga sakhA jori andara andherI jaisI kandarA hai mala kii| samatA alApacArI karai sura bharikai / Upara kI camaka-damaka paTabhUkhana kI ghokhe, nirajaga nAda gAja dhyAna miradaga bAje ___ lAge bhalI jaisI kalI hai karnala kii| __chakyo mahAnanda mai samAdhi rIjhi krik| mauguna kI proDo mahAbhaur3I moha kI kanoDI, sattAragabhUmi mai mukata bhayo tihUM kAla mAyA kI masUrati hai mUrati hai mala kii| nAca suddha diSTi naTa gyAna svAMga dharika // ' aisI deha yAhi ke saneha yAko sagati so, prAtmA jJAnarUpa hai aura jJAna to samudra hI hai| jaba vaha ha rahI hamArI mati kola ke.se bala ko||" mithyAtva kI gATha ko phor3akara umagatA hai, to triloka meM samayasAra kI 'nATaka' saMjJA vyApta ho jAtA hai / isI ko dUsare zabdoM meM yo kahA jA jaisA ki Upara kahA jA cukA hai, 'gamayasAra' sakatA hai ki jaba pAtmA mithyAtva kI tor3akara kevalajJAna adhyAtma kA grantha thA, usame prAcArya kundakunda ke dArza- prApta kara letA hai, to brahma bana kara ghara-ghara meM jA virA. nika vicAra mukhya haiM, bhAva nhiiN| unhone samayasAra ko jatA hai| isI ko kavi ne eka rUpaka ke dvArA prastuta mATaka saMjJA se abhihita nahIM kiyaa| sarvaprathama prAcArya kiyA hai| rUpaka me prAtmA ko pAturI banAyA gayA hai| amRtacandra ne samayasAra ko 'nATaka' khaa| kintu, kevala vaha vastra aura AbhUSaNo se sajakara, rAta ke samaya nATayavaha dene mAtra se koI grantha nATaka nahIM bana jaataa| usame zAlA me, paTa ko prADA karake pAtI hai, to kisI ko bhAvonmeSa ko mAvaztakatA banI hI rahatI hai| vaha prAtma- dikhAI nahIM detI, kintu jaba dono pora ke zamAdAna ThIka khyAti TIkA me nahI ho sakA / banArasIdAsa ne samayasAra karake paradA haTAyA jAtA hai to sabhA ke saba loga usako kI 'nATaka' sajJA ko sArthaka kiyA aura isI kAraNa unhoMne bhalI bhAti dekha lete hai| yaha hI dazA prAtmA kI hai
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________________ madhyayuga kA eka prayAtamiyA~ nATaka jaise koU pAtura banAya vastra grAbharana prAvati prasAre nisi ghAr3o paTa kari duhaM zrora dIbaTi savAri paTa dUri kIja sakala sabhA ke loga dekha dRSTi dharikai // jJAnasAgara midhyAni paMthi bhedi kari umagyo pragaTa rahyo ti loka bharikai aiso upadeza suni cAhie jagata jIva suddhatA saMbhAre jaga jAla soM nisari ke / / jIva eka naTa hai aura vaha vaTavRkSa ke samAna hai / vaTa vRkSa me aneka phala hote hai, pratyeka phana me bahuta se bIja tathA pratyeka bIja me vaTavRkSa maujUda rahatA hai| bIja me vaTa aura baTa me bIja kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai / usakI anaMtatA kama nahI hotI isI prakAra jIva rUpInaTa kI eka sattA me dhananta guNa, paryAyeM aura kalAeM hai| eka vilakSaNa naTa hai. jaise vaTavRkSa eka sA phala hai bhaneka phala-phala bahu bIja bIja-bIja vaTa hai| baTa mAhi phala, phala mAhi bIja tAmai baTa ko jo vicAra to tAmrapaTa hai| taise eka sattA maiM, anaMta guna parajAya paramaM dhanasya sAthai dhata u hai / TaTa meM ananakalA, kalA mai zranata rUpa rUpame anaMta sattA, aiso jIva naTa hai // isa saMsArarUpI raMgazAlA me yaha cetana jo vividha bhauti ke nRtya karatA hai, vaha vetana kI saMgati se hI / tAtparya hai ki acetana ho use saMsAra ke zrAvAgamana meM bhaTakAtA hai| yadi zracetana kA sAtha chUTa jAya to cetana kA nRtya bhI banda ho jaaye| isI ko kavi ne likhA haibolata vicArata banavinA cha bhakhako na bhAjana pe bhaikhakA dharata hai / aiso prabhu cetana acaMtana ko saMgati so ulaTa palaTa naTavAjI sI karata hai / jaba cetana vetana kI saMgati chADa detA hai, to vaha usa nATaka kA kevala darzaka bhara raha jAtA hai, jo bhrama pUrNa, vizAla evaM mahA bhavivekapUrNa khAI me dhanAdikAla sa dikhAyA jA rahA hai / yaha pakhAr3A jIva ke ghaTa meM hI banA hai / vaha eka prakAra kI nATaghazAlA hai| usame pudgala nRtya karatA hai mora veSa badala-badala kara kotuka dikhAtA hai| cimUrati jo moha se bhinna dhaura jaTa se judA ho cukA hai. isa nATaka kA dekhane vAlA hai, vetana moha ghora jar3a se pRthak hokara zuddha ho jAtA hai. ataH vaha sAMsArika kRtyoM ko kevala dekhatA bhara hai, unameM saMlagna nahIM hotA / banArasIdAsa kA kathana hai- yA paTa me bhramarUpa manAdi, vizAla mahA aviveka tAmaha aura svarUpa na dIsata, pudgala nRtya kareM prati bhAge // pherata bheSa dikhAvata kautuka, sauji liye karanAdi pasAro / moisoM bhinna judo jar3a sau cinmUrati nATaka dekhana hArI // koI naTa jaba raMgamaMca para abhinaya karatA hai, to usakI abhinayopayukta vezabhUSA hotI hai| vaha apanI vAstavikatA bhUlakara usI ko saccI mAna baiThanA hai / nATaka kI tanmayatA se ubharate hI use apane vAstavika rUpa kA jJAna hotA hai / ThIka yaha hI hAla cetana kA hai| vaha ghaTa meM bane raMgamaca para aneka vibhAvo ko dhAraNa karatA hai / vibhAva kA artha hai kRtrima bhaav| jaba sudRSTi kholakara vaha apane pada ko dekhatA hai to use apanI vAsta vikatA kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| cetanarUpI naTa kA yaha kautuka jyo naTa eka ghara bahu bhekha, kalA pragaTa bahu kaunuka dekha pula apanI karatUta naTa bhinnali tyo ghaTa me naTa catana rAva, vibhAu dasA ghari rUpa vize kholi dRSTi na pa du vicAra dAna | cetana hai vaha vetana ke saba phaMsA rahatA hai / praceta-cetana ko yA to bhaTakAtA hai athavA moha kI nIda meM sulA detA, apanA rUpa nahIM dekhana denA hai| nATaka samayasAra meM cetana kI supuptAvasthA kA eka citra prati kiyA gayA hai| vaha kAyA kI citramArI meM mAyA ke dvArA nirmita seja para so rahA hai| uma seja para kalapanA (taDapana) kI cAdara bichI hai| mAha ke bhakAro se usake netra DhaMpa gaye hai / karmoM kA balavAna udaya hI davAsa kA zabda hai / viSaya bhogo kA mAnanva hI svapna hai / isa
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________________ varSa 31, ki.1 anekAnta bhAMti cetana masta hokara so rahA hai| vaha aisI mUDha dazA kI ho| jaina siddhAntoM meM mAtmA aura jinendra kA eka hI meM tInoM kAla magna rahatA hai, bhrama-jAla meM phaMsA rahatA hai| rUpa mAnA gayA hai, ataH vaha zarIrI ho athavA azarIrI, usase kabhI ubhara nahIM pAtA jaina bhakta ko donoM hI pUjya hai| nATaka samayasAra meM isa "kAyA citrasArI me karama parajaMka bhArI, paramparA kA pAlana kiyA gayA hai| kavi banArasIdAsa ne mAyA kI savArI seja cAdara kalapanA / yadi eka ora niSkala brahma kI prArAdhanA kI hai, to dUsarI zana kara cetana acetanatA nIMda liye, ora sakala ke caraNo me bhI zraddhA ke puSpa car3hAye haiN| moha kI marora yahai locana ko ddhNpnaa|| niSkala' kA dUsarA nAma hai siddha / karmoM ke prAvaraNa uda bala jora yahai zvAsa ko zabada ghora, se mukta prAtmA ko siddha kahate hai| 'nATaka samayasAra' meM viSa suSakArI jAkI daura yahai supnaa|| zuddha prAtmA ke prati gItoM kI bharamAra hai| eka sthAna para aisI mUr3ha dazA me magana rahai tihuMkAla, kavi ne likhA hai ki zuddhAtmA ke anubhava ke abhyAsa se hI ghAvai bhramajAla meM na pAvai rUpa apanA // " mokSa mila sakatA hai, anyathA nahI / unakA yaha bhI kathana nATaka samayasAra meM vIra rasa ke aneka citra hai. jinameM hai ki prAtmA ke aneka guNa-paryAyoM ke vikalpa me na paDakara se eka meM mAsrava aura jJAna kA yuddha dikhAyA gayA hai| zuddha prAtmA ko anubhava kA rasa pInA cAhie / epane sva. zukSa prAtmA kA karmoM ke prAgamana ko prAsrava kahate hai| vaha bahuta bar3A rUpa meM lIna honA aura zuddha prAtmA kA anubhava karanA hI zreyaskara hai| siddha zuddha prAtmA ke hI pratIka hai| unake yoddhA hai, abhimAnI hai| sasAra me sthAvara praura jaMgama ke vizeSaNo kA ullekha karate hue kavi ne usakI jaya-jayakAra rUpa meM jitane bhI jIva haiM, unake bala ko tor3a-phor3akara kI hai| eka padya dekhieprAsrava ne apane vaza me kara rakhA hai| usane maMchoM para "avinAmI avikAra parama rasa ghAma hai, tAva dekara raNa-stambha gAr3a diyA hai, arthAt usane apane samAdhAna saravaga sahaja abhirAma hai| ko apratidvandvI pramANita karane ke lie anya yoddhAnoM ko suddha buddha aviruddha anAdi anaMta hai, cunautI dI hai / acAnaka usa sthAna para jJAna nAma kA eka jagata ziromani siddha sadA jayavata hai||" subhaTa, jo savAye bala kA thA, prA gyaa| usane prAsrava ko pachAr3a diyA, usakA raNa-thabha toDa diyaa| jJAna ke zaurya eka dUsare sthAna para kavi ne zivaloka meM virAjamAna ko dekhakara banArasIdAsa namaskAra karate haiM 'zivarUpa' kI vandanA kI hai| unakA kathana hai ki jo jete jagavAsI jIva thAvara jaMgama rUpa, apane prAtmajJAna kI jyoti se prakAzita hai, saba padArthoM me te te nija vasa kari rAkhe bala dori ke| mukhya hai, niSkalaka hai, sukha sAgara me vizrAma karatA hai, mahA abhimAnI aiso prAsrava agAdha jodhA, saMmAra ke saba jIva aura ajIvoM ke ghaTa-ghaTa kA jAnane roghi rana thabha ThADho bhayo ma cha mori ke // vAlA hai aura mokSa kA nivAsI hai, use bhavya jIva sadaiva pAyo vihi thAnaka acAnaka parama dhAma, namaskAra karate hai| bhakta ke vandanIya ko zivarUpa to jJAna nAma subhaTa savAyo bala phori ke| honA cAhie hI, sAtha hI tejavAna bhI, kintu teja bhautika prAsrava pachAryo ranathabha tori DAryo tAhi, na hokara, divya ho, vaha tabhI ho| sakatA hai, jabaki sAsAnirakhi banArasI namata kara jori ke // " rika kalaMka nikala jaave| tabhI use manata sukha paura kevala jJAna upalabdha ho sakatA hai| aise bhagavAn ke bhakta nATaka samayasAra meM bhakti-tattva kA bhaktiparaka mApadaNDa nizcayarUpa se U~cA hai| vaha padya niSkala aura sakala arthAt nirguNa aura saguNa kI isa prakAra hai - upAsanA kA smnv| jaina bhakti kI vizeSatA hai| koI jo apanI duti prA virAjata, hai paradhAna padAratha naamii| jana kavi aisA nahI, jisane dono kI eka sAtha bhakti na cetana aka sadA nikalaMka, mahAsukhasAgara ko visraamii||
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________________ madhyayuga kA eka prambAtamiyA nATaka jIva majIva jite jaga meM, tinako guna jJAyaka mNtrjaamii| anyatra durlabha hI hai| banArasIdAsa ne usa bhArama-brahma kI so sivarUpa basa sivathAna, tAhi viloki namai sivagAmI / " prazaMsA meM likhA hainirganie saMtoM kI bhAMti hI banArasI ne yaha svIkAra "dekha sakhI yaha brahma virAjita, yAko isA saba yAhI kI so hai| kiyA ki jinarAja ghaTa mandira meM virAjamAna rahatA hai| eka maiM aneka aneka meM eka, usameM jJAnazakti vimala pArasI kI bhAMti damaka uThatI hai, jisase vaha samUce vizva ko dekha pAtA hai| isa dekha sakane duMdu liye duvidhAmaha do haiM / prApu saMbhAri lakha prapano pada, kI sAmarthya se antara-rAga aura mahAmoha donoM samApta ho mApu visArika mApuhi mo hai| jAte haiM aura mAtmA parama mahArasa rUpa bana jAtI hai / ___ vyApaka rUpa yahai ghaTa aMtara, mahArasa vaha hai jisameM eka bhora mana kI capalatA nahI rahatI to dUsarI pora yoga se bhI udAsInatA mA jAtI gyAna maiM kauna prajJAna maiM ko hai|" hai, arthAta prAtmA sahajayogI kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai| banArasIdAsa ne sakala brahma ke bhI gIta gAye / sakala 'sahajayogI' kA tAtparya hai ki parama mahArasa ke prApta ho brahma vaha hai, jo kevalajJAna utpanna hone para bhI, prAyukarma jAne se yogI ko yoga ko durUha sAdhanA se svata: nirvati ke pravaziSTa rahane se vizva meM zarIra sahita maujUda rahatA mila jAtI hai| vaha sAdhanA ke binA svAbhAvika DhaMga se hai, arthAta usake ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai, hI yogI banA rahatA hai| banArasIdAsa kI sahajatA meM ata: usako bhAtyA meM brahmatva to janma le hI letA hai, vrajayAniyoM ke sahajayAnI sampradAya kA 'sahaja' nahI hai, yA ka sahajayAnA sampradAya kA 'sahaja nahA h| kintu prAya ke kSINa hone taka use saMsAra meM rukanA par3atA isame prAtmA kA svAbhAvika rUpa hI mukhya hai, arthAt hai| kevalajJAna utpanna hone ke uparAnta mahanta ko yaha hI banArasIdAsa pahale mahArasa prApta karate hai, taba sahajatA hAtI rata h| taba sahajatA dazA hotI hai| unheM jIvanmukta kahA jA sakatA hai| ve svAbhAvika DhaMga se prA hI jAtI hai| sahajayAnI phle| sazarIrI brahma hai| prAcArya joindu ne unhe 'sakala brahma' sahajatA prApta karate hai, phira mahArasa ko ora akhi komajAna kI sajJA se abhihita kiyA hai| sUra aura tulasI ne aise lagAte hai| kucha bhI ho, banArasIdAsa ghaTa meM zobhAyamAna brahma ko saguNa kahA hai, banArasIdAsa ne teIsaveM tIrthahara sahajayogI cetana kI vandanA karate hai| pArzvanAtha ko vandanA karate hue likhA hai ki unakI bhakti jaina prAcAryoM ne 'parama mahArasa' meM DUbI prAtmA ko karane se samUce Dara bhAga jAte haiM, arthAt bhakta nirbhaya ho brahma kahA hai| banArasIdAsa ne bhI use brahma kahA, usake jAtA hai| bhagavAn pAzrvaprama kA zarIra sajala-jalada kI syAdvAda rUpa kA vivecana kiyaa| unhoMne likhA hai ki mAMti hai| unake sira para saptaphaNiyoM kA mukuTa lagA hai| vaha eka bhI hai aura aneka bhI, arthAt vaha prAtmasattA meM unhoMne kamaTha ke prakAra ko dala DAlA hai| aise jinendra ekApa hai aura parasattA meM aneka rUpa / vaha jJAnI hai aura ko banArasIdAsa namaskAra karate hai| yaha saca hai ki prajJAnI bhI, arthAta zuddha rUpa meM jJAnI aura karmasagati me jinendra ne apane bhakto ko kabhI naraka meM nahI jAne diyA, prajJAnI hai| isI bhAMti vaha pramAdI hai aura apramAdI unake pApoM ko bAdala banakara haraNa kara liyaa| itanA hI bhI-jaba apane rUpa ko bhUla jAtA hai to pramAdI aura nahI, kintu unhe pragamya prakAra bhava-samudra se pAra kara jaba apane rUpa ko jAgRta hokara smaraNa karatA hai to diyaa| vaha bhagavAn kAmadeva ko bhasma karane ke lie rudra aprmaadii| apekSAkRta dRSTi se hI vastu kA vAstavika ke samAna haiN| bhaktajana sadeva usakI jaya-jaya ke gIta nirUpaNa ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| isa dRSTi ko hI gAte hai / syAvAda kahate haiN| yaha siddhAnta prAtmA para bhI ghaTita jinendra (sakala brahma) kI bhakti kI sAmarthya kA hotA hai| mAtmA kA aisA niSpakSa aura satya vivecana bakhAna karate hue banArasIdAsa ne eka sthAna para likhA hai
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________________ 1., barSa 31 ki.. anekAnta ki jineDa kI bhakti kabhI to subuddhi rUpa hokara kumati munirAja vizva kI zobhA bar3hAte hai / banArasIdAsa ne unheM kA haraNa karatI hai, kabhI nirmala jyoti banakara hRdaya ke punaH punaH namana kiyaa| andhakAra ko dUra bhagAtI hai, kabhI karuNA hokara kaThora bhakta prArAdhya kI vANI meM bhI zravA karatA hai| hRdayoM ko bhI dayAlu banA detI hai, kabhI svayaM prabhu kI usakI mahimA ke gIta gAtA hai| jinavANI jinendra ke lAlasA rUpa hokara anya netroM ko bhI tadrUpa kara detI hai, hRdayarUpI tAlAba se nikalatI hai aura zruta-sindhu meM samA kabhI bhAratI kA rUpa dhAraNa kara bhagavAna ke sammukha pAtI jAtI hai, arthAt vaha eka saritA ke samAna hai| yaha vANI hai bhora madhura bhAvoM ko abhivyakta karatI hai| kahane kA satyarUpA hai / satya ananta nayAtmaka hai| aneka apekSAkRta tAtparya hai ki bhakti bhakta ko prabhu kI tadrUpatA kA dRSTiyoM se yaha vividha rUpa hai| usakA koI eka lakSaNa mAnanda detI hai| kavi ne likhA hai nahIM, koI eka rUpa nhiiN| use samajhane ke lie vaisI kabahUM sumati ha kumati ko binAsa kareM, sAmarthya pAvazyaka hai, arthAt samyagdaSTi hI use samajha kabahuM vimala jyoti pratara jagati hai| sakatA hai, anya nahI / banArasIdAsa kA kathana hai ki vaha kabahUM dayA ha citta karata dayAla rUpa, jinavANI sadA jayavaMta hokabahUM sulAlasA ha locana lagati hai| "tAsa hRda-draha sau nikasI, kabahUM prAratI hra ke prabhu sanmukha prAva, saritA-sama hUM zruta-sindhu smaanii| kabahUM subhAratI ha bAhari bagati hai| thAte ananta nayAtama lacchana, ghara dasA jaisI taba kara rIti sI aisI, matya svarUpa sidhata bakhAnI / hiradai hamAre bhagavata kI bhagati hai| buddha lakha na lagvaM durabuddha, jinendra kI mUrti athavA vimba ko dekhakara jinendra kI sadA jagamAhi jage jinavAnI // " yAva pAtI hai, unake guNoM ko prApta karane kI cAhanA kabi banAramIdAsa ne navadhA bhakti kA nirUpaNa kiyA utpanna hotI hai| jinendra me kucha aisA saundarya hai, jisake hai| unhone likhA hai, "zravana kIratana citavana sevana samakSa indra kA vaibhava bhI na-kucha sA lagatA hai| usake / vaMdana dhyAna / laghutA samatA ekatA navadhA bhakti prvaan|" yaza kA gAna hRdaya ke tamas ko bhagAne meM pUrNa samartha hai| nATaka samayasAra meM isa naudhA bhakti ke uddharaNa bikhare bhakta usase 'tamaso mA jyotirgamaya' kI yAcanA karatA hai| usase malina buddhi zuddha ho jAtI hai| isa bhAMti jinendra vimba kI chabi ko mahimA spaSTa hI hai| nATaka samayasAra kI bhASA banArasIdAsa ne kevala niSkala bhaura sakala brahma kI kavi banArasIdAsa ne apane prardhakathAnaka kI bhASA hI nahIM, apitu una saba sAdhuoM kI bhI vandanA kI hai. ko 'madhya deza kI bolI' kahA hai| DA. hIrAlAla jaina ne jo sadaguNoM se yukta haiN| unhoMne likhA hai ki manirAja 'madhyadesa kI bolI' kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai, jJAna ke prakAza to hote hI hai, sahaja sukhasAgara bhI hote "banArasIdAsa jI ne ardhakathAnaka kI bhASA meM brajabhASA haiM, arthAt jJAna ke utpanna hote hI unhe parama samSa svataH kI bhUmikA lekara usa para mugalakAla me bar3hatI huI prabhAva. prApta ho jAtA hai| ve prayatnazIla nahI hote paura sukha zAlI khar3I bolI ko puTa dI hai, aura ise hI unhoMne mila jAtA hai| pApI zaraNAgata ko bhI ve zaraNa dete haiN| 'madhyadesa kI bolI' kahA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha unhe mauta kA bhaya nahI staataa| ve dharma kI sthApanA aura mizrita bhASA usa samaya madhya deza meM kAphI pracalita ho bhrama kA khaNDana karate hai| be karmoM se lar3ate hai, kintu cukI thii|" DA0 mAtAprasAda gupta kA kathana hai, "yadyapi vinamra hokara, koSa athavA bhAvAveza ke sAtha nahI / aise madhya deza kI sImAye badalatI rahI hai, para prAya: sadaiva hI
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________________ madhyayuga kA eka manyAtamiyA nATaka cAra khaDI bolI aura brajabhASI prAntoM ko madhya deza ke antargata dvArA mAsAna banAne kI pravRtti nATaka samayasAra meM bhI mAnA jAtA hai aura prakaTa hai ki marghakathAnaka kI bhASA meM pAI jAtI hai| jaise-niha (nizcaya), higdai (hasya), brajabhASA ke sAtha khar3I bolI kA kicit sammizraNa hai| vivahAra (vyavahAra), subhAva (svabhAva). zakati (zakti), isalie lekhaka kA bhASA viSayaka kathana sarvathA saMgata jAna sAsata (zAzvata), dunda (dvandva), jagati (yukti), pira par3atA hai|" yaha satya hai ki prardhakathAnaka me khar3I bolI mora (sthira), niramala (nirmala), mUratIka (nattika), sarUpa brajabhASA kA samanvaya hai / isa bhAMti vaha janasAdhAraNa kI (svarUpa), mukati (mukti), abhipraMtara (madhyaMtara). bhASA hai| paM0 nAtha rAma premI ne 'bolI' ko bolacAla kI pradhyAtama (padhyAtma), nirajarA (nirjarA), vibhacAritI bhASA kahA hai| madhyadeza kI bolI hI madhyadeza kI bola- (vyabhicAriNI), ratana (rasa) maadi| 'ya' ke sthAna para cAla kI bhASA thii| 'ja' kA prayoga humA hai| jaise-jathA (yathA), jathAratha banArasIdAsa ne ardhakathAnaka bolacAla kI bhASA meM (yathArtha), jathAvata (yathAvata), joga (yoga), vijoga likhA, kintu unake anya graMtha sAhityika bhASA me hai| (viyoga) bhora mAcaraja (praacaary)| koI sthAna aisA narI 'sAhityika' kA tAtparya yaha nahI hai ki usameM se khar3I jahA~ 'ya' kA prayoga humA ho| bolI aura brajabhASA nikala kara dUra jA par3I hoN| rahI tadbhavaparaka pravRtti ke hote hue bhI nATaka meM saMskRta donoM kintu saMskRta-niSTha ho jAne se unheM 'sAhityika' kI niSThA hI adhika hai, arthAt prarghakathAnaka kI bhAMti sajJA se abhihita kiyA gyaa| ardhakathAnaka meM pratyeka calatAU zabdoM kA prayoga nahIM ke barAbara hai| bhale hI sthAna para 'za' ko 'sa' kiyA gayA hai, jaise vahA zuddha ko parapariNati ko paraparinati kara diyA gayA ho kintu zabda saddha, vaMza ko basa aura pArzva ko pArasa likhA hai, kintu to saMskRta kA hI hai| isa zreNI meM uparyukta zabdoM ko nATaka samayasAra me adhikAzatayA 'za' kA hI prayoga hai| liyA jA sakatA hai| isake atirikta sAnavanta, kalAvanta, zuddha cetanA, zuddha prAtama aura zuddhabhAva / isI prakAra samyaktva, mokSa, vicakSaNa aura nivikalpa mAdi padhikAMza prazubha, zazi, vizeSiye, nizivAmara aura zivasattA praadi| saskRta ke tatsama zabdo kA prayoga humA hai| urdU-phArasI ardhakathAnaka meM 'pa' ke sthAna para 'sa' kA prAdeza dekhA ke zabda ardhakathAnaka me bhare par3e haiM, kintu samUce nATaka jAtA hai, kintu nATaka samayasAra me sava sthAno para 'Sa' kA samayasAra me badaphaila pora khurApAtI jaise zabda do-cAra se hI prayoga huprA hai| usa samaya 'Sa' kA kha uccAraNa hotA adhika nahI mileNge| banAramIdAsa urda-phArasI ke acche thA, prataH lipi meM vaha 'kha' likhA huA milatA hai| kinnu jAnakAra the| unhoMne jaunapura ke navAba ke bar3e beTe cInI aisA bahuta kama sthAnoM para huaA hai| viSaghara, bheSa, doSa, kilica ko urda-phArasI ke mAdhyama se ho saskRta par3hAI vizeSa aura piUSa mAdi me Sa kA hI prayoga hai, kintu thii| kintu nATaka gamayamAra kA viSaya hI aisA thA, poSa ke sthAna para pokha, vizepiye ke sthAna para vizekhiye, jisake kAraNa ve phArasI ke zabdo kA prayoga nahIM kara prabhilASa ke sthAna para abhilAkha meM kha dekhA jAtA hai| ske| banArasIdAsa ne viSayAnukala hI bhASA kA prayoga kiyA hai / yaha unakI vizeSatA thii| argha kathAtaka meM 'R' kahI-kahI hI surakSita raha pAyA bhASA kA maundarya usake pravAha me hai, maskRta athavA hai, kintu nATaka samayasAra meM usako kahI para bhI svarAdeza phArasI niSThA meM nhii| pravAha kA artha hai bhAva kA gumphana nahI humA hai| jaise arghakathAnaka me dRSTi' ko 'diSTi' kA ___ ke sAtha abhivyaktIkaraNa / nATaka samayasAra ke pratyeka padya prayoga kiyA gayA hai, nATaka samayasAra me vaha dRSTi hI me bhAva ko sarasatA ke sAtha gayA gayA hai, kahI vizRva. hai| isake atirikta kRpA, kRpANa, mRpA mAdi zabda RkA- latA nahI hai, lacarapana nahI hai| eka guladaste kI bhAMti rAtmaka hai| sundara hai| dRSTAntoM kI prAkarSaka paMkhur3iyo ne usake saMskRta ke saMyukta vargoM ko svarabhakti yA varNa lopa ke maundarya ko aura bhI puSTa kiyA hai| vicAroM ko anu.
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________________ 1231.0 1 / bhUti jaba bhAvaparaka hotI hai to usako prakaTa karanA ghAsAna nahIM hai| kintu banArasIdAsa ne sahaja meM hI prakaTa kara dI hai| isakA kAraNa hai unakA sUkSmAvalokana unheM bAhya saMsAra pora mAnava kI antaHprakRti donoM hI kA sUkSma jJAna thaa| isI kAraNa ve bhAvAnukUla dRSTAntoM ko cunane aura unheM prastuta karane meM samartha ho sake / eka udAharaNa dekhie ustra jaise nizivAsara kamala rahe paMkahi me, paMkaja kahA na vAke dina eka hai| jaise maMtravAdI viSadhara soM mahAvaM mAta maMtra kI sakati vAke binA vipa DaMka hai // jaise jIbha gahai cikanAI rahe rUkhe aMga, pAnI meM kanaka jaise kArDa soM ghaTaka hai / tase jJAnavaMta nAnA bhA~ti karatUti ThAne, kiriyA ko bhinna mArna yAte nikalaMka hai| dRSTAntoM ke atirikta utprekSA, upamA aura rUpako kI chaTA bhI avalokanIya hai| rUpakoM me sAga aura niraga donoM hI haiN| dhanuprAsoM me sahaja saundarya hai| banArasIdAsa ko pralaMkAroM ke lie prayAsa nahIM karanA pdd'aa| ve svataH hI mAye hai| unako svAbhAvikatA ne sapatAko abhivRddha kiyA hai| banArasIdAsa eka bhakta kavi the| unake kAvya meM bhaktirasa hI pramukha hai| unakI bhakti alaMkAroM kI dAsatA na kara sako apitu alaMkAra hI [pRSTha 3 prasiddha hai ki jaba mahamUda gajanavI idhara dhAyA to ugane isa mandira ko tor3ane kI socI, para rAta me hI bhayaMkara rUpa se bImAra par3a gayA / phira usane vahA apanI zraddhA prakaTa karane ke lie 5 vRjiyAM banavA dii| 14vIM zatAbdI me bhaTTAraka jJAnasAgara ne likhA hai "mAlava] deza makAra nayara mamasI suprasiddha mahimA mairu samAna nirdhana hU ghana doSaha ||" yahAM para na kevala jaina samAja baran grAsa-pAsa ke bhakti ke caraNoM para sadaiva prapita hote rhe| ve rasaskUla ke vidyArthI ye zarIra kI vinazvaratA dikhAne ke lie utprekSA kA saundarya dekhie- cAre se dhakA ke lage aise phaTa jAyamAno kAgada kI purI kidha cAdara hai caina kI / / chandoM para to banArasIdAsa kA ekAdhipatya thA / unhoMne 'nATaka samayasAra' meM sarvayA, kavitta, caupAI, dohA, chappaya aura Dilla kA prayoga kiyA hai| inameM bhI 'savaiyA ikatIsA ' kA sabase adhika aura sundara prayoga hai / savaiyA' to vaise bhI eka rocaka chanda hai, kintu banArasIdAsa ke hAthoM meM usakI rocakatA bhaura bhI bar3ha gaI hai| kula kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki banArasIdAsa ne jaMga mAdhyAtmika vicAroM kA hRdaya ke sAtha tAdAtmya kiyA, arthAt unhoMne jaina mantroM ko par3hA aura samajhA hI nahI, apitu dekhA bhI / isI kAraNa mantradRSTAmro kI bhAMti ve unhe citravat prakaTa karane meM samartha ho ske| aisA karane me unakI bhASA sambandhI zakti bhI sahAyaka banI / ve zabdoM ke ucita prayoga, vAkyoM ke komala nirmANa maura alaMkAroM ke svAbhAvika prayoga meM nipuNa the unakI bhASA bhAvo kI dhanuvartinI rahI vahI hI kAraNa thA ki vaha nirgunie sato kI bhA~ti ghaTapaTI na bana skii| 000 adhyakSa hindI vibhAga di0 jaina kAleja, bar3auta (meraTha) I kA doSAsa ] / janetara loga bhI Akara manautiyAM mAnate hai yahA para sarva dharmoM ke loga ekatrita hokara dharma ArAdhanA karate hai| samAja kalyANa ke lie garIba chAtroM ke lie eka pAThazAlA, gurukula va pratrachatra bho hai / pustakAlaya se ni.zulka pustake dI jAtI hai| isa tIrtha para nizcaya hI dhArmika sahiSNutA ke darzana hote hai| mAlavA me jaino kA yaha eka pramukha tIrtha hai| ODO prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa saMskRti vibhAga, vikrama vizvavidyAlaya ujjaina (ma0pra0)
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________________ mahAkavi svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa ga0 premanumana jaina sabhI bhAratIya sAhitya evaM diggaja sAhityakAroM se ke nivAsI the| donoM mahAkaviyoM meM karIba mATha sau rAmakathA antaraga rUpa se sambandhita hai| deza meM jaba varSoM kA antara hai| svayambhU kA samaya IsA kI pAThavIM koI nayA vicAra, sampradAya yA bonI pAI, to usane sadI kA prathama caraNa mAnA gayA hai| tulasIdAsa solahavIM rAmakathA ke paTa para hI apane ko praGkita kiyaa| rAmakathA sadI (saM0 1586) me janme the| donoM kaviyoM ke purAnI banI rahI, para mAdhyama se kitanI hI navInatAe~ pArivArika jIvana meM koI samAnatA nahI hai| svayambhU sAhitya ke vAtAyana se jana-jIvana taka pahucatI rhii|' paramparAgata kavi the aura unake bAda bhI gharAne meM sRjana rAmava yA jana-sAhitya me bhI pallavita huI hai| IsA kI hotA rahA / tulasIdAsa kI paramparA unhI taka sImita hai| dUsarI tImarI zatAbdI se lekara 16vI zatAbdI taka prAkRta, ve eka pUrNa gRhastha tathA eka ghumakkaDa sAdhu the| svayambhU saskRta, apabhraza aura prAdhunika bhApAmo me usakA sRjana sampanna the| talamIdAsa hamezA apanI nirghanatA darasAte hotA rahA hai / isame vimala sUrikRta paumacariya' (prAkRta), rhe| yathAraviSeNa kRta 'padmacarita' (saskRta) paura svayambhakRta bAre te lalAta bilalAta dvAra-dvAra dIna / 'paumacariu' (apabhraMza) gamakathA kI pramukha racanAeM hai| jAnata ho cAri phala cAri hI canana koN|| ye apane pUrva aura paravartI rAmakathA sAhitya se tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI apekSA rakhatI haiN| svayambhU kI mRtyu aura jIvana para koI sUcanA prApta ___mahAkavi svayambha aura tulasIdAsa rAmakathA ke samartha nahI hai, jabaki tulasIdAsa svaya apanI jIvanI likhakara bhASAkavi hae hai| yadyapi ina donoM kaviyoM kI viSaya- saM0 1680 me kAzI meM mRtyu ko prApta hote hai| vasta, yagacetanA, dArzanika-mAnyatA prAdi meM bahuta antara vyaktitva dono mahAkaviyoM kA samAna thaa| donoM hI hai phira bhI kaI bAtoM meM ve samAna bhI haiM / isa viSaya kA svabhAva se dayAlu aura bhAvaka the tathA zArIrika saundarya parivekSaNa lokabhASAmoM ke pArasparika sambandhoM para vizeSa kI jagaha prAtmasaundarya ke prazaMsaka the| donoM hI utkRSTa prakAza DAla sakatA hai| pratibhA aura gahana anubhUtiyoM ke svAmI the aura eka-se vayaktika jIvana evaM vyaktitva sAhityakAra bhii| yadyapi svayambha kI racanAyeM tIna haiM, ___ mahAkavi svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa ke vaiyaktika jIvana kintu gosvAmI tulasIdAga kI 15-16 racanAmoM ke samakSa me bhinnatA hai, kintu vyaktitva meM samAnatA hai| svayambhU baiThane meM ve samartha bhI hai| cintana kI maulikatA paura karNATaka, dakSiNa bhArata ke the| tulasIdAsa kA janma prAdhyAtmikatA ke pujArI hone ke nAte donoM kA vyaktitva rAjApura (bAMdA), uttara bhArata me humA thaa| ve pravadha aura sannikaTa ho jAtA hai| 1. paumacariu-DA0 devendrakumAra, do zabda / 4. tulasIdAsa-DA0 mAtAprasAda gupta, pR0 166 / 2. draSTavya-DA.ke.pAra, candrA, 'paumacariyaM : e sTaDI' 5. tulasIdAsa aura unake grantha, pR0 46 / hA. prAra. sI. jana-raviSeNakRta pacarita kA sAMskRtika adhyayana 6. paumacarita kI bhUmikA-hA. devendrkumaar| DA0 esa. pI. upAdhyAya-'mahAkavi svayambhU' 7. tulasIdAsa-hA0 gupta, pU0 140 / 3. paumacariu kI bhUmikA-DA0 bhAyANI dvArA saMpAdita 8. kavitAvalI 3, 73 /
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________________ anekAnta 14,31,01 kAvya-sRjana kA uddezya evaM prArambha svayambhU ke paumacariu ke sRjana ke mUla meM kyA kAraNa the spaSTa nahIM hai| yadyapi paumacariu kI sandhiyoM kI puSpikAoM se itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki kisI dhanaMjaya nAma ke vyakti kI prArthanA para kavi ne prastuta grantha kI racanA kI thI-- iya rAmacarie gharNajayAsiya sayaMbhueva kae / pau (1-16) ' lekina itanA hI kAraNa na rahA hogA / apanI kAvya-racanA kA dhyeya zrAtmAbhisvayambhU vyakti mAnate haiN| rAmAyaNa kAvya ke dvArA vaha apane prApako vyakta karanA cAhate the- 'puNu prappANau pAyaDami rAmAyaNa kArye (130 1-1-16) unakA laukika lakSya yA - yaza kI prApti / isalie unhoMne apane yaza ko cirasthAyI rakhane ke lie rAmakathA kA hI mAdhyama cunA, kyoki unake pUrva kama se kama do jaina mahAkavi vimalamUra aura raviSeNa rAma sAhitya kA sRjanakara prasiddha ho cuke the / sambhavataH unakI kRtiyo kA Adara bhI jana mAdhAraNa me svayambhU ke samaya thA, jisase prerita aura prabhAvita hokara pratha-praNayana ke samaya unako kahanA par3A hai nimmala-puSNa pavitta kaha kila mAuppa jeNa samANijantaraNa cira kisi viDhapya // - ( 130 1, 2, 12) jaina sAhitya meM rAmakathA kA praNayana loka pracalita kucha zaMkAo ke samAdhAna ke rUpa me bhI huA hai| ho sakatA hai, isake pracAra-prasAra kI bhAvanA bhI svayambhU ke mana me rahI ho / mahAkavi tulasIdAsa kA lakSya rAmacarita mAnasa ke praNayana meM isase bhinna thaa| patnI kI pravahelanA va preraNA se unameM rAmabhakti upajI svAbhAvika hai ki ve jo bhI likhate yA unhone likhA hai, rAma ke viSaya me hii| dUsarI bAta, ve apane mArASyakA carita bakhAnakara apanI vANI ko pavitra karanA cAhate the| unhoMne paramparA se prApta rAmakathA kA bhI adhyayana kiyA thA 'jo prAkRta kavi parama sayAne, bhASA jina hari carita bakhAne / ' / inake atirikta tulasIdAsa apane yuga se kama prabhAvita nahIM the tatkAlIna dArzanika va sAmAjika sthiti ko nayA moDa dene ke lie eka itane UMce bhAdarza ko bhAvazyakatA thI jo kevala rAmacarita ke varNana meM hI sambhava thI mata sunanIdAsa ne hindU saMskRti ko mugalazAsana / ke prabhAva se surakSita rakhane ke lie rAmacaritamAnasa kA praNayana kiyA aura hara sambhava prayatna unhoMne isa grantha ke dvArA karanA cAhA, jisase ve parivartana kI dizA ko eka nayA mor3a de sakeM / 1. jai rAmaho tihubhraNu uvare mAi / to rAvaNa kahi tiya levi jAi / ityAdi yahI 1.10 2. rAmacaritamAnasa, bAlakANDa | svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa ne apane prastuta grantho kA prArambha prAyaH eka-sA kiyA hai| sarvaprathama devatAoM aura apane ArAdhya kI vandanA kara AtmalaghutA donoM ne prakaTa kI hai| yathA timraNa laggANa khambhu guru parameTThi NaveSpiNu / puNu prArambhiya rAmakaha prArisu joNepi / pa0 1-1 baMdaU gurupada paduma parAgA / suruci subAsa sarasa anurAgA / badaU nAma rAma raghubara ko / hetu kRsAnu bhAnu himakara ko // yathA - buhapaNa sayambhU pUi~ viSNavaI / maI sarisa praSNu NAhi kuruI haU~ ki piNa jAma mukkha muNeM / yi vaddhi payAsamino vija / / (130 1 3.1,9) kavi na hohuM nahiM catura pravInU / sakala kalA saba vidyA hInU // ityAdi / isake atirikta bala nindA, sajjana prazaMsA prAdi prAcIna paramparA kA nirvAha donoM ne kiyA hai| svayambhU ne rAmakathA ko aneka guNoM se yuvaka mAnA hai tathA saritA ke rUpa me usakA citraNa kiyA hai| rAmakathA akSaravinyAsa ke janasamUha se manohara, sundara lakAra tathA chandarUpI marasyoM se paripUrNa ghora sambe pravAharUpa se prati hai / yaha saMskRta aura prAkRtarUpI pulinoM se pralaMkRta dezIbhASA rUpI do kUloM se ujjvala hai 1 3. dasaraha taba kAraNa sabbuddhAraNu vajjayaSNa sammayabhari / jiNavaraguNakisaNu tIyasaisa taM visuNaDu rAhava cari // pa0 sa i40
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________________ mahAkavi svayambhU pora tulasIdAsa isameM kahIM kaThina ghanazabdarUpI zilAtala hai, kahI yaha bhAdi ne nirmita kiyA thaa| yaha saba pratyeka kavike aneka artharUpI taraMgoM se prasta-vyasta ho gaI hai aura kahI uddezya bheda ke kAraNa hamA hai| saikar3oM prAzvAsarUpI tIrthoM se pratiSThita hai| ___ svayambhU ke paumacariu kI rAmakathA meM parivartana ehi rAmakaha tore sohntii| gaNahara devahi diTa bhnto|| svAbhAvika hai / yahA~ na kevala kavi kI daSTi me hI bheda hai, bhapitu rAmakathA ko jaina vica radhArA ke anukUla DhAlA gosvAmI tulasIdAsa rAmakathA ko saritA mAnakara to bhI gayA hai| mAnasa kI rAmakathA ke sAtha-rAmajanma, calate haiM dhanuSabhaga, sItA-vivAha, vana-gamana, bharatamilApa, gItAcalI subhaga kavitA mritaa-sii| haraNa, zUrpaNakhA kA apamAna, kharadUSaNa-vadha, rAvaNa-vadha rAma vimanasa jala bharitA-sI / / (gama* bAla 0 36-38) prAdi pramago ke varNano me paumariu kA koI vizeSa virodha nahIM hai, kevala kahI nAmo ma bhinnatA va varNanazailI usakI upamA marovara meM bhI dete hai aura aneka taraha kI vividhatA hai| lekina pa umacariu me svayambhU kI apanI se isakA guNagAna karate hai| kucha maulika sthApanAe~ bhI hai; jaise-(1) rAma-lakSmaNa dono hI kavi gamakathA ko prArambha karate mamaya apane paura rAvaNa ko na kevala jaina dharmAvalambI mAnanA prapitu pUrva ke prAcAryoM va bhagavatkRpA ke prati apanI kRtajJatA viSaSTi zalAkA mahApuruSo kI koTi me rakhakara baladeva, prakaTa karate hai vAsudeva aura prativAsudeva mAnanA / (2) rAkSasa aura baddhamANa, muha-kuhara-viNiggaya / vAnara-vazo kA vidyAdhara vazo kI bhinna-bhinna zAkhAe~ gama kahA-Nai-eha kamAgaya // (u0 1. 2, 1.) mAnanA / (3) dazaratha kI tIna rAniyoM ke sAtha cauthI tathA .. rAnI suprabhA ko zatrughna kI mAtA maannaa| (4) rAma jasa kachu budhi viveka bala mere / aura lakSmaNa kI aneka patniyo kA ullekha / (5) rAma, tasa kahihahu hina hari ke phere // lakSmaNa mora sItA kI kAmadazA kA varNana / (6) vanaprata. kAvyamRjana ke uddezya evaM prArambha me dono kavi vAsa me jalakrIDA prAdi ke ullekha / (7) lakSmaNa dvArA kAphI sAmya rakhate haiN| uname bhinnatA jo bhI hai, nhii| rAvaNa kA vadha tathA rAma, sItA, lakSmaNa mAdi pramukha pAtroM ke barAbara hai| phira bhI khala-nindA aura sajjana-prazaMsA dvArA jinadIkSA kA grahaNa, ityAdi / ke bahAne tulasIdAsa ne jo apane yuga kA aura apanI tulasIdAsa paura svayambhU kI kathAvastu me isa taraha prAntarika bhAvanAoM kA citraNa kiyA hai, vaha svayambhU me sAmya, vaiSamya hote hue bhI kathA kI svAbhAvikatA kisI nahIM hai| me samApta nahIM huI hai| donoM jagaha jo parivartana va vastu-vinyAsa bhinnatA hai usake apane kucha anivArya kAraNa bhI haiN| mosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne rAmakathA kA jo svarUpa yadyapi svayambhU prauDha pratibhA ke dhanI the kintu vastu-vinyAsa hai, usakA ghaTanAkrama itanA prasiddha ho cukA me vaha sughar3atA ve nahI lA sake jo mahAkavi tulasIdAsa hai ki yadi hama anya rAmakathAnoM ko par3hate haiM to unake ke rAmacaritamAnasa me hai / gosvAmI jI kA prabaMdha sauSThava parivartanoM para hameM vizvAsa hI nahI hotaa| lekina yaha to kamAla kA hai|' mAnanA hI par3egA ki rAmakathA jaba bhI jisa kisI bhASA me kAvya-sauSThava likhI gaI, kaI rUpoM meM parivartita huI hai| svaya tulasI- mahAkAvyagata samasta vizeSatAmoM kA samAveza svayambhU dAsa kI rAmakathA me ve ghaTanAeM va prasaMga nahI hai jinase aura tulasIdAsa ke prastuta granthoM meM hai| sadhyA-varNana, rAma ke prAdarza meM kucha kamI mAtI thI mora jinhe bAlmIki basanta, nadI, samudra, vana, yuvamAdi kAvyopayukta prasaMgoM ke 1. tulasI-darzana -30 banabarasAda mizra, pR. 347 /
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________________ 16,31,01 anekAnta varNanoM meM donoM kavi siddhahasta haiN| prakRticitraNa meM svayambhU ne prakRti ke zAntarUpa kI apekSA usake ugrarUpa ke varNana meM jahAM afar ofa dikhAI hai' vahAM tulasIdAsa ne prakRticitraNa ke bahAne samAja kA citra upasthita kiyA hai| 'parama ramya dhArAma yaha jo rAmahi sukha deta' ke byAja se rAmaprema se protaprota santa samAja kI sRSTi kI hai* mora 'cAtaka ko kisa phIra cakorA' pakSiyoM ke vardhana meM bhaktoM ke gAye haiN| donoM kavi jana-sAdhAraNa me pracarita upamAnoM kA upayoga karate hai yahI unakI pramukha vizeSatA hai / caraNa meM svayambhU ke pAtra utane sazakta prara sajIva nahI haiM, jitane tulasIdAsa ke / svayambhU ne hara pAtra ko jina-bhakti ke raMga meM raMgane kI koziza kI hai aura usameM saMsAra kI prasAratA zrAdi kA kathana karAyA hai, jabaki tulasIdAsa kA pratyeka pAtra saghI huI tulikA se nirmita bhaura svAbhAvika hai / svayambhU ke rAma dhIrodAtta bhakti, kSamA, dRr3hatA praura prAtmagaurava se yukta sAdhAraNa mAnava kI taraha pUrNa vikAsa kI ora bar3hate hai, jabaki tulasI ke rAma paramAtmA se manuSya kA avatAra grahaNa karate hue saralatA, sneha, namratA, udAratA evaM nisvArthatA ke prAdarza ko upasthita karate haiN| bhAva-citraNa me dono kavi bejor3a haiN| nava-ramoM kA samAveza dono granthoM me hai| kintu zAntarasa kI pradhAnatA hai svayambhU ne yadyapi nivRti-mArga kA pratipAdana kiyA / hai, kintu jalakIr3A ke varNana me svayambhU kI prasiddhi hai|' unhoMne zRGgArarasa kA citraNa bhI bar3I udAratA se kiyA hai| yahAM taka ki saMsAratyAgI sAdhu bhI hRdayagrAhI zRGgarika varNana karate najara bhAte hai, jabaki gosvAmIjI kA zRGgAra rasa maryAdApUrNa dhaura vizuddha hai| karuNa rasa ke citraNa me svayambhU ne abhUtapUrva saphalatA prApta kI hai| rAma vanagamana ke samaya vyAkula sumitrA kA citraNa kavi ne kiyA hai 1. apabhraMtha sAhitya kochar3a 063 / 2. tulasI-vardhana, pR0 347 / 3. prapabhraMza-sAhitya, pR0 57 tathA draSTavya, DA0 upA --- rovatie lakkhaNa- mAyarie, sayala loDa rovApiyau / kAraNa kayva kahAe jiha, kovala dhaMsu mubhAviyata // (pau0 69-13) isI taraha tulasIdAsa kI kauzalyA kA viSAda hRdayavidAraka hai kahi na jAi kachu hRdaya viSAd / manahuM mRgI suni kehari nAdU || dAruna dusaha dAhU ura vyApA / varanina hi vilApa kalApA // ( rA0 prayo0 54-57) tulasIdAsa rasasiddha kavIzvara the| unakA mAnasa divya rasa se paripUrNa hai| unhoMne pratyeka bhAva kI prabhivyaMjanA itane svAbhAvika aura sarala DhaMga se kI hai ki kaI sthaloM para nau rasoM kA mAdhuryaM sameTa kara rakha diyA hai| tIvratA aura vega ke bhAvoM aura manovegoM kA citraNa karane meM ve siddhahasta the / isalie jana mAnasa ke antasthala taka baiTha gaye haiN| kalpanA - vilAsa meM dono kaviyoM ne vibhinna alaMkAra vandI kA prayoga kiyA hai| svayambhU ke mahAkAvya me upamA, utprekSA, yamaka, ananvaya, tadguNa Adi aneka alaMkAroM kA svAbhAvikatA se prayoga huA hai| alaMkAroM meM kahIM-kahIM halkI-sI upadeza- bhAvanA bhI dRSTigata hotI hai / yathA lakkhaNa kahi vi gavesiMha taM jalu / sajjana hiyau jema jaM nimmalu // tulasIdAma kA alaMkAra vidhAna bhI parama manorama hai| utprekSA, rUpaka ghora udAharaNa unake sabase priya dhalaMkAra haiM / inake samanvaya kI prasAdhAraNa kSamatA bhI unameM hai / " donoM kaviyoM ne apane-apane yuga kI pratinidhi bhASA me likhA hai / svayambhU ne sAhityika apabhraMza bhASA kA prayoga kiyA hai| anukaraNAtmaka zabdoM kA prayoga - tar3a tar3a-tar3apar3a par3a gaI bhAvAnukala zabda-yojanA evaM 4. 5. dhyAya, 'mahAkavi svayambhU' / pabhraMza-sAhitya, pR0 67 / tulasIdAsa, pU0 352 /
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________________ mahAkavi svayambhU pora tulasIdAsa zabdoM meM samAhAra-zakti ke darzana svayambhU kI bhASA kI tmika vicAge ke prasAra ke lie prayatna kiye haiN| donoM mukhya vizeSatA hai| tulasIdAsa kI bhASA kramasaH poha huI kI daSTi apanI-apanI vizeSa dArzanika paridhi meM udAra hai| mAnasa meM bhASA kA pratyanta suvarAhapA rUpa prApta hai| kintu dArzanika siddhAntoM meM paryApta antara bhI hai| hotA hai| tulasIdAsa ne pravadhI bhASA ko apane bhAva vyakta karane kA mAdhyama banAyA hai| kintu ve saskRta, svayambhU kA mukhya uddezya prAcIna rAmakathA kI kucha prAkRta evaM anya kSetrIya bhASAnoM ke bhI jAnakAra the| bhrAnti mUnaka ghaTanAmo ko badalakara ume jainadharma me DhAlanA -bhaMDAra inakA patyAna vizAla hai| prabhidhA, lakSaNA, zAf ra athart frama vyajanA zaktiyoM kA camatkArika prayoga unhoMne kiyA hai| unhone jainadharma ke pramaya siddhAnto kA pracAra khaba kiyA isa prakAra tulasIdAsa jI kI zailI me RjutA, suboSitA, cArutA, pralpAla kArapriyatA pora upayukta pravAha prAdi haiN| zAyada hA kAI janatattvamAmAmA kA kSetra unI daSTi guNoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| bhASA zailI viSayaka vize se bacA ho| manuSya jIvana kI sArthakatA, sAmArika jIvana SatAeM unakI pUrva pratibhA ko hI paricAyaka haiN|' meM dhArmika anuSThAnoM kA vidhAna, sukha-duHkha, pApa-puNya, svayambha ne yadyapi apabhraza ke prAyaH sabhI chando kA svarga-naraka prAdi kI tAttvika vyAkhyA kara svayambha ne prayoga kiyA hai| kintu unake grantha me kaDavaka kA prayoga apanA prAdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA hai| dArzanika bahalatA se hapA hai, jisameM mATha arthAliyo ke bAda chattA vicAroM ke antargata unhoMne aNikavAda, sarvAstivAda chanda kA vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| yahI zailI rAmacarita prAdi anya mato kA khaNDana kara sthAdvAda aura samatvayoga mAnasa meM bhI hAI jAtI hai| tulamIdAsa ne pATha prardhAgniyoM kI pratiSThApanA kI hai| yadyapi ye saba paramparAgata jaina arthAt caupAI ke bAda doho kA prayoga kiyA hai| chanda siddhAnta hai tathApi abhivyakti ko navInatA me svayambhU prapoga me to ve nizcita hI svayambh evaM apabhraMza zaMnI ko apanI maulikatA hai| jinavara-bhakti dvArA mavaMsAmAnya se prabhAvita the| ko pravRtti se nivRtti kI pora prerita karanA unakA pramukha donoM hI mahAkavi natika pAdoM ke pratiSThApaka haiN| joyA jimamA prata svabhAvataH unake granthoM ke varNanoM meM se kucha paMktiyo naitika upadezoM kA pratipAdana sampradAya ke ghere se bAhara hai| ne rama bharI uktiyo kA prabhAva liyA hai aura jana-sAdhA. mahAkavi tulasIdAsa kI prAdhyAtmikatA evaM dArzaraNa me saralatA se prayoga kI jAtI hai| tulasIdAsa ko nikatA. jo rAmacaritamAnasa meM citrita huI hai, bhaktivAda uktiyA to prasiddha hai, kintu svayambhU ke pAsa bhI unakA se zAmilosAmane bhAvanA se bAbA . kama bhaDAra nahI hai ; jaise-tiya dukvahaM khANi viproya bhUta-preta-pUjA tathA rahasyavAda kA khaNDanakara naitika dharma kI Nihi', 'sacca u jIviu jalabindu-sau', 'gaya diyahA ki sthApanA meM ahiMsAvAda ko sarvocca sthAna diyA hai aura enti paDIvA', ityAdi / hiMsA kA paramparAgata rUpa se virodha kiyA hai -'parapIDA prAdhyAtmika evaM dArzanika dRSTikoNa sama nahIM aSamAI' prAdi / mahAkavi svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa donoM ke grantha- gosvAmI jI kI dArzanika paddhati svataMtra hai| unakA praNayana ke mUla meM prAdhyAtmika evaM dArzanika bhAvanA hI jJAna pratyakSa hai, tarka aura vAda para pravalambita nhiiN|' pradhika prabala hai| donoM mahAkaviyo ke samaya dhAmikatA ke unake dvArA mAyA, brahma, jIva, jagat pAdi ke nirUpaNa meM kSetra meM parivartana joroM se ho rahA thaa| prataH prAya: donoM upAsaka aura upAsya kI pRthak sattA pUrNatayA pratiSThita ne vibhinna dArzanika matabhedoM ke samanvaya aura eva prAdhyA- hai| zarIra para prAtmA kA bhinna mAnate hae unhoMne karma. 1. apabhraMza-sAhitya, 10 65 / 5. draSTavya-DA0 upAdhyAya - 'mahAkavi svayambhU' / 2. tulasIdAsa, pR0 365 / 6. tulasI-darzana--DA. baladevaprasAda mizra / 3. paumacariu-hA. bhAyANI, pR0 78 / 4 bhAratIya jaina sAhitya saMsada parivezana 1, pR0 77 7. rAmacaritamAnasa kI bhamikA, pR0 108 / -DA0 rAjArAma jaina kA nibandha / 8. tulamIdAsa aura unakA yuga, 50 302 /
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________________ 18, barSa 31, ki.1 bhanekAnta siddhAnta kA panukaraNa kiyA hai| kintu ve ima jagata ko kiyA hai, kintu abhI taka vaha anyAnya kAraNoM se prakAza mithyA, kalezayukta mAdi nahI maante| unheM samasta jagata me nahI pA paayaa|' hI paramAtmAmaya dikhAI paDatA hai| isalie rAmabhakti ko mahAkavi tulasIdAma ke yogadAna ko paridhi meM unhone sarvopari mAnane kA prAgraha kiyA hai| kintu isa bAdhanA usakI vizAlatA ko kama karanA hai / ve bhArata ke sabake bAvajUda bhI ve vara va maMkINaM mampradAyavAdI nahIM una pramakha ratnoM me hai jinhoMne bhArata kI saMskRti para kahe jA sakate kyoki ve mUlataH udAra cintaka the / unakA prabhAva DAlakara hamArI mAnasika, vyAvahArika aura sAmAkahanA hai - jika bhAvanA ke svarUpa ko bahuta kucha badala diyA hai| kou kaha satya jhUTa kaha koU jugala prabalakara mAna / bhASA aura mAhitya ke mAdhyama se unhoMne vizva sAhitya meM bhI pratiSThApUrNa sthAna banA liyA hai| bhAja gosvAmI tulasIdAsa jo ta tIni bhrama so prApUna pahicAna / / jI ke rAmacaritamAnasa kA ghara ghara, gAMva-gAMva paura yogadAna jhoMpar3I-jhopar3I meM jo pracAra aura prasAra hameM dikhAI isameM koI zaka nahIM ki svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa donoM detA hai usakA kAraNa grantha dvArA sadAcAra kI pravRttiyo ne hI apane-apane yUga kA pratinidhitva kiyA hai| bhAratIya kA vikAsa, rAma evaM sItA kI prAdhyAtmika bhAvanA pora saskRti aura prAja ke mama-sAmayika pariveza meM unakA sAsArika jIvana ke pArivArika va vyaktigata utthAna ko kitanA yogadAna hai, isakA mUlyAkana karanA mahaja nahI hai| hI mAnanA caahie| prAja bhI ye bhAvanAe~ hamAre lie svayambha ke paumacariu ne pUrva prasiddha rAmakathA ko vaisI hI upayogI hai jaisI gosvAmI jI ke samaya meM thii| eka nayI bhASA meM jIvita rakhA hai aura use naye pariveza kintu mamAja ke badalate pariveza aura vAtAvaraNa ke anume dekhane kI koziza kii| rAmakathA aura apabhraza bhASA kUla hame kAphI sajaga hokara usame pravRtta honA caahie| dono eka dUsare se paraspara upakRta hai| rAmakathA ko tulamIdAma kI isa apUrva dena ke bAvajUda bhI rAma kara jainaghama ke siddhAntoM kA pracAra prasAra caritamAnasa, yadyapi jana-sAdhAraNa meM prasiddha evaM samAdarasarvasAmAnya meM karane ke lie svayambhu ne prayatna kipA pora NIya hai, kintu vyAvahArika rUpa meM usake prAdoM kA janabhASA kA prAdhAra hone ke kAraNa usa samaya use kitanA upayoga hamA hai yA ho rahA hai, socane kA viSaya prasiddhi bhI milI, yaha prasadigdha hai| kinnu paumacariu ke hai ? tulasIdAsa ne paramparA, apane vyaktitva evaM samaya se hai? kathAnaka ko samucita pAdara nahI milA, phira bhI kavi ne prabhAvita hokara - apanI pramAghAraNa kAvya-pratibhA, sarasatA aura anubhava nahI zUdra gunagAna pravInA / pUjiya vipra zIla guna honA / / gambhIratA ke kAraNa apane jIvanakAla me paryApta sammAna sakala kapaTa pragha avaguna khaanii| evaM yaza vidvassa mAja me ajita kara liyA thA, jo vidhihuM na nAri hRdayagati jAnI / kavi kA pratipAdya bhI thaa| pradhama teM adhama adhama ati nArI / umacariu vartamAna me paThana-pAThana eva manana-cintana ityAdi jo bAteM kahI hai inase kavi ke vyaktitva para memo upekSita hI ho, kintu hindI sAhitya ke vikAsa meM koI acchA prabhAva nahIM par3A hai, bhale hI unake sAtha bhASA-vijJAna evaM kAvyAtmaka dRSTi se usakI upayogitA majabarI rahI ho| kama nahI hai| vaha tatkAlIna sAmAjika eva dhArmika jIvana dvaitavAda kA khaNDana nulasIdAsa ko avatAravAda kI kA citra upasthita karane me bho samartha hai| isa dRSTi se sthApanA ke lie karanA pdd'aa| kintu vahI avatAravAda zodha ke kSetra me kaI vidvAnoM ne usakA adhyayana prastuta [zeSa pRSTha 21 para] 1. draSTavya, jainolAjikala risarca sosAyaTI ke dillI seminAra 73 ko smArikA evaM jJAnapITha-patrikA, 66 / 2. tulasIdAsa aura unake grantha, pR02|
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________________ digambara jaina graMtha prazastiyoM kA mahAkhAna mojakhAna zrI prastara husana nijAmI, rIvAM (ma0 pra0) caderI deza ke itihAsa ke tIna yuga hai -pahalA rAja meM bhI pAdapAha mahamUda ke rAjatvakAla kA ugava prata kAla jisameM parihAro tathA yAjvapello kA zAsana jisame usake lie mahAsultAna" kI upAlikA prayoga rahA hai| isa samaya kI prazastiyo aura zilAlekho para kiyA gayA hai aura eka anya lekha meM usake lie "mahAanumadhAna kI prAvazyakatA hai| dUsarA yuga usa samaya rAja sAhi" tathA "mahArAjAdhirAja suratANa" bhI pAyA hai| prAtA hai jaba alAuddIna khilajI kI bhejI huI senA ne datiyA ke pAsa eka zilAlekha milA hai jisame phIseja caMderI para dillI sulatAno kI sattA jamAI / tIsarA yuga zAha tugalaka ko sana 1364 I0 meM "parama bhaTAraka hai mADava ke gorI khilajI narezo kA jaba bRhad mAlavA paramezvara" ke virUda se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| paraganA. ke uttarI khaNDa kI rAjadhAnI canderI rakhI gaI, jisakA dhikAriyo ke lie prAya: 'mahAmalika' kA ueyoga zilA. apanA mahattva rhaa| isa dillI-mADava kAla ma manako lakho meM milatA hai| zilAlekha saskRta tathA dezI bolI athavA mizrita bhASA ___ mADava salatanata kI nIva DAlane vAlA dilAvara bA~ me pora imI prakAra gratha prazastiyA tathA lipi prazastiyA bhI pAI gaI hai jo digambara jaina graMthoM meM lagI huI hai| hai| eka phArasA ke zilAlakha ma usakI upAdhiyA isa prakAra hai-"uluga kutluga, mAjama muajjama, zamsuddaulata caMdarI deza me dillI sulatAnI ke rAjyAMtargata vahIna amIda bina dAUda gorI pralamukhAtuba dilAvara baTihADima ko upa-rAjadhAnI banAkara gar3ha kA nirmANa khaa|" vidita ho ki 'uluga kutluga' (turkI) aura 'mAjama karAyA gayA thaa| tugalaka kAla ke aneko zilAlekha mile muajjama' (parabI) paryAyavAcI hai jinake lie saskRta hai| savata 1385 (saM0 1328 I.) ke baTihAgar3ha lekha vAlo na 'mahAbhoja' kI zabdAvalI claaii| yahAM prayojana me sulatAna muhammada bina tugalaka ke viSaya meM isa prakAra to caderI deza se hai| caMderI kA prathama rAjyapAla kadrakhA likhA hai : jAna par3atA hai / dilAvara khA~ kA jeThA putra alya khAM (hozaga) "prasti kaliyuge rAjA zakendro vasudhAdhipaH / yuvarAja pada ke pazcAt sulatAna banA aura kaniTaputra kadrakhA yoginIpuramAsthAya yo bhukte ma kalAM mahIm / / caderI kA zAsaka thA jisake do zilAlekha caderI sarvasAgaraparyanta vazIcakre narAdhipAn / (1416) tathA zivapurI (1416) ke prApta hai| isake nahamRdasuratrANo nAmnA zobhinandatu // darabAra meM kAjI khA~ badra muhammada dillI nivAsI jo arthAt -kaliyuga meM pRthivI kA svAmI zakendra (musala- apane ko 'ghAravAla' kahatA hai pora 'pradAtula kudalA' nAma mAna rAjA) hai jo yoginIpura (dillI) me rahakara ke zabdakoza kA sampAdaka thA, mana 1418 meM pAyA thaa| samasta pRthvI kA bhoga karatA hai aura jisane mamudra paryanta usane caMderI ke zAsaka kI AdhiyA isa prakAra dI hai. saba rAjyo ko apane vaza meM kara liyA hai| usa zuravIra "khAne bhAjama khAkAne muajjama masanade prAlI kadra yA sulatAna mahamUda kA kalyANa ho|" yahA 'mahamUda' se abhi- ina dilAvara poN|' baga yU samajhanA cAhie ki derI prAya muhammada bina tugalaka hai| ke gavarnaro kA virUda "khAne Ajama khAkAne manama" saMvata 1383 (san 1326 I.) ke eka satI lekha kadra gvAM zAhajAde se calA aura bAda ke uttarAdhikArI 1. dekhiye urdU (patrikA) ,jilda 43, praka 4 (praktUbara 1967) /
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________________ 20, varSa 31,ki01 anekAnta usI kA anusaraNa karate rahe ; udAharaNArtha khAne pAjama me inakI cAra kRtiyAM upalabdha haiN| harivaMzapurANa kI zera khA~' 1476, 84 aura 88-89 ke zilAlekhoM do pratiyA-eka pArA ke jaina siddhAnta bhavana aura paura khAne prAjama aphajala khA~ 1520 I. ke zilAlekha dUsarI pAmera ke bhaTTAraka mahendra kI ti ke zAstra bhaDAra meme imI virUda ke mAtha ullikhita hai| imI prakAra mADava pAI gaI hai| parameSThI prakAzasAra kI ekamAtra prati grAmera sulatAna ke lie 'mahArAjAdhiraja' kA upayoga gayAma-zAha jJAna bhaNDAra meM hai| yogasAra yA jogasAra zrutakIti kA se mahamUdazAha dvitIya taka hotA rahA / mAlavA sulatAno tIsarA gratha hai| cauthA pratha dharmapagIkSA hai, jisakI eka ne prAma janatA kI rAjabhakti aura svAmIbhakti kA jahAM mAtra apUrNa prati svargIya DA. hIrAlAla jaina ke pAsa thii| lAbha uThAyA, vahA sAtha hI gaira muslima janatA kA hRdaya meM cAro atha zratakoti ne mADavagar3ha ke sulatAna gayAsuddIna bhI mohane ke sAdhana prapanAye ; mandiro ko udAratApUrvaka aura yuvarAja nasIra zAha ke rAjyakAla me saM0 1552sahAyatA dene ke sAtha-sAtha jaina zreSThiyo ko ucca pada 53 (1465-66 IsvI) me hI likhe aura pratiyA bhI tathA sammAna pradAna kiyA; sudRr3ha zAsana ke dvArA vyava jo milI hai ve bhI isI san-savata kI hai| sAya tathA vyApAra ko unnati dii| itihAsakAra phariztA zrutakIti ke ina granthoM me damAbAdeza ke jerahaTa nagara ne gayAsa khilajI ko bhogI-vilAsI likhA hai / kintu usake samaya meM zilAlekho kA bAhulya thA tathA grantha ke 'mahAgvAna mojakhAna" kA mora jerahaTa nagara ke nemI zvara jinAlaya me baiTha kara graMtho ke nirmANa kA ullekha hai| prazastiyo meM bar3I saMkhyA meM usakA ullekha hai aura ye zilAlekha aura prazastiyA dUravartI kSetro me pAI gaI hai| harivaza purANa kI prArA prati me likhA hai-"savata 1553 __ svaya caMderI meM jeniyo ke bhaTTArakIya prAndolana kA varSe kvAvAdi dUja sudi (dvitIyA) gurI dine pradyeha zrI kendra isI samaya meM bnaa| paDita phUlacanda zAstrI likhate maMDapAcala gaDhadurge sulatAna gayAsuddIna rAjye pravartamAne zrI damovAdeza mahAgvAna bhojakhAna vartamAne jerahaTa sthAne haiM ki-"mUlasagha nandi prAmnAya kI paramparA me bhaTTAraka monI zrI Isara pravartamAne zrI mUlasaMdhe balAtkAragaNe pagranandI kA jitanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, unake paTTadhara sarasvatI gacche zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaye bhaTrAraka zrI pana. bhaTrAraka devendrakIti kA usase kama mahattvapUrNa sthAna nahI nandideva tasya ziSya maDalAcArya devindakIrtideva tacchiSya hai| unakA adhikatara samaya gujarAta kI apekSA bundelakhaMra me aura usase lage hue madhyapradeza meM vyatIta huprA hai| maDalAcArya zrI tribhuvanakIrtidevAn tasya ziSya zrutakIti harivaMzapurANe paripUrNa kRtama ... / " dharmaparIkSA graMtha meM caMderI paTTa kI sthApanA kA zreya inhI ko prApta hai|'' usa samaya jerahaTa nagara ke sampanna hone kI sUcanA milatI zAstrI jI kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki vi0 saM 1463 hai kintu 'jerahaTa' abhI taka khojA jA rahA hai, isakA (san 1436 IsvI) ke pUrva devendra kIti bhaTTAraka pada ko patA nahI calatA / sAgara jile meM rAyabahAdura hIrAlAla alaMkRta kara cuke the| ....... aisA lagatA hai ki vi0 ne 'jeraTha' gAva kA ullekha kiyA hai, lekina yahAM mandira saM0 1463 ke pUrva hI canderI paTTa sthApita kiyA jA ke avazeSa pAye nahI jAte / to phira 'jerahaTa' kahA gayA cakA hogaa|... . . pora devendrakIti cadege maNDalA yaha prazna hala karane kI AvazyakanA hai| cArya bana cuke hoNge| bhaTTAraka devendrakIti ke ziSya bhaTTAraka vibhuvanIti maNDalAcArya hue paura vi0 saM0 1525 aba rahA mUla prazna mahAkhAna mojakhAna kA, to yaha (san 1468 I.) ke pUrva hI canderI paTTa para abhiSikta koI rAjyapAla kA nAma ho aisA jAna nahI paDatA, yadyapi ho gaye the jo vi. sa. 1522 (1465 I.) ke ise kucha loga mahAkhAna bhojakhAna bhI par3hate haiN| ina pAsa-pAsa kA samaya nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| paMktiyoM ke lekhaka kA mata hai ki yahAM kavi zrutakIrti kavi zrutakIti, tribhuvanakIti ke ziSya the| apabhraMza athavA lipikAra kA prabhiprAya kisI vizeSa vyakti se na 1. anekAnta, varSa 26 pR0 13 / 2. vhii|
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________________ digambara jaina grantha prazastiyoM kA mahAjAna mojJAna 6 7. hogaa| kevala paramparA ke anusAra mAMDava ke sulatAna kA nAma to de diyA jo gayAsazAha aura usakA yuvarAja nasIrazAha thA, canderI ke rAjyapAla ke nAma kI cintA nahI kI kevala usakI upAdhi jo usa samaya pracalita aura upayoga meM pA rahI thI, parthAt "khAnepA vAne mujama", usI kA saMskRta rUpa mahAjAna mojadAna' aMkita karate cale gaye haiN| phira bhI savAla uThatA hai ki san 1495-96 I0 meM caMderI kA hAkima kauna thA / abhI taka isakI jAnakArI zilAlekha yA anya sAdhano dvArA san-savata ke sAtha prApta nahIM hai / sandarbha grantha sUcI 1. hIrAlAla : damoha dIpaka / 2. hIrAlAla : insakripzansa grApha sI. pI. ainDa barAra | 3. hariharanivAsa dvivedI gvAliyara rAjya ke prabhilekha | 4. pannAlAla jaina zAstrI jaina pustaka prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 2 / 5. epiphiyA inDikA vika paziyana saplImeNTa [pRSTha 18 mAnasa ke prAdarzoM ke anukaraNa me bAdhA svarUpa utpanna humA hai, kyoMki samAja ke mahAnubhAva jaba savanArakoTi me citrita kiye jAte hai to ve bhakti aura zraddhA ke yogya to ho jAte hai, kintu unake jIvanacarito se hama pradarza pora sphati grahaNa nahIM kara pAta unakI dhanoki 1 / bhUta zaktiyoM ke dhanukaraNa me hama dhamamartha ho jAte hai| prataH rAmacaritamAnasa ke prAdarzoM kA mAna bIpa stara para grahaNa kiyA jAnA adhika apekSita hai / isa dRSTi se 'pauma afta' kA kathAnaka adhika vyAvahArika hai / unake prAdarza adhika dUra nahIM lgte| ve vyaktiko svayaM puruSArtha ke lie prerita karate haiM / ukta paryavekSaNa ke phalasvarUpa mahAkavi svayambhU paura tulasIdAsa ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA pratyeka pakSa saMkSepa rUpa se hamAre samakSa spaSTa huyA hai| donoM ke vaiyaktika jIvana meM bhinnatA hote hue bhI vyaktitva meM prAyaH samA natA hai. sAhitya sRjana meM yadi eka kA uddezya dhArmika pracAra tathA kIrtikara kA hai to dUsarA mAmAtrika utthAna aura AdhyAtmika bhAvanA ke prasAra se prerita hai| 8 2. 10. 11 inDiyana evikI ainyudhana epiphiyA inDikA riporTasa 16. 17 risarcara ( jayapura - rAjasthAna ) / dhanekAnta (dillI) / jaina siddhAnta bhAskara (aaraa)| jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa (bArAganI ) / : 12 nAthUrAma premI di0 jaina graMthakartA praura unake pratha 13. DA0 nemIcanda zAstrI tIrthaGkara mahAvIra maura unakI prAcArya paramparA bhAga 3, 43032 / 14. bhUbanI zAstrIprazasti sa 15 bhaTTAraka zrutakIrti harivazapurANa ( dvArA tathA zrAmera pratiyA~) parameSThI prakAra (prati R yogagAra (jayapura prati) | koyara rIvA (ma0pra0 ) 000 kA zeSANa ] kAvyauSThava me dono bejor3a hai eka kAni cintana yadi mamAra kI pramAratA para manana karatA huprA nirvANa kI hai to dUsare net ko ho paramAtmAmaya banA dene kI koziza kI hai| eka ke mAnavatA se pUrNatA kI ora unmukha hai to dUsare ke rAma pUrNatA se avatarita ho mAnavatA kI sRSTi karate haiM / bhAratIya saMskRti ko pati evaM samRddha banAne meM dono kA yogadAna itanA hai ki Ane vAlI pIDho hamezA RNI rahegI / praura svayambhU aura tulasIdAsa kA yaha tulanAdhya isa bAta kA eka udAharaNa hai ki prAkRta, apabhraMza bhASAmro ke sAhitya ne dhAdhunika kSetrIya bhASAoM ke sAhitya ko kitanA prabhAvita kiyA hai; kitanA svarUpa evaM upayogitA kI dRSTi se dono me sAmyamya hai ? bhAratIya bhASAyoM kI racanAo ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana kA yaha krama jitanA bar3hegA utanI hI sAMskRtika ekatA kI dizAeM udghaTita hogii| DOU
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________________ syAdavAda : jaina-darzana kI antarAtmA [] DA0 rAmanaMdana mizra, pArA (bihAra) 'syAta' zabda lii-lakAra kA kriyArUpa pada bhI honA eka pragiddha jaina citaka prakalaka deva 'syAta' kA prayoga hai aura usakA artha hotA hai -- honA caahie| lekina 'anekAnta' ke artha me karate hai| apane gratha 'tattArthavAtika' yahA~ isa rUpa meM yaha prayukta nahI hai| 'spAta' vidhiliDa (pR0 253) me unhone likhA hai 'tammAnekAnta vidhimeM banA hA tiDanta pratirUpaka nipAna hai| isakA vicArAdipa vahaSvartheSu saMbhavatsu iha vivakSAvazAt zAbdika artha hai 'zAyada' 'sambhavata' prAdi / prataH rayAdvAda anekAntArthoM grhyte|" svAmI samaMtabhadra apanI pustaka ko kabhI kabhI saMbhavavAda (theory of probability 'prAptamImAMgA' me kahate hai ki sthAdvAda vaha siddhAnta hai or may be) bhI kahate hai| prophepara baladeva upAdhyAya jo madA ekAta ko asvIkAra kara anekAnta ko grahaNa prapatI pustaka 'bhAratIya darzana" (pRSTha 155) meM 'syAta' karatA hai| vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai -ananta dharmaka vastu / hamAre mabhI nirNaya prAvazyaka rUpa meM gApekSa tathA sImita zabda kA anuvAda zAyada yA sa bhavana karate hai ; kintu yaha anuvAda sahI nahIM hai / 'zAyada' zabda sadehavAda kA sUcaka hai / vastu gat aura asat donoM hai| yaha sAmAnya bhI hai aura vizeSa bhii| yaha sthAyI bhI hai aura kSaNika bhii| hai kintu jaina darzana sadehavAda nahI hai| DA. devarAja ne apanI pustaka "pUrvI aura pazcimI darzana" (70 65) yaha eka bhI hai aura Aneka bhii| yadi hama dravya kI daSTi me vastu ko dekhate hai to yaha yathArtha, sAmAnya, sthAyI meM 'syAt' zabda kA kadAcit (kisI samaya) anuvAda tathA eka hai kintu yadi hama ise paryAya kI dRSTi se dekhate kiyA hai| kintu yaha anuvAda bhI bhramAtmaka hai kyoki yaha hai to yaha ayathArtha, vizeSa, kSaNika tathA paneka hai| cha: saMha kA saketa karatA hai| kabhI-kabhI 'syAna' kA andhe manuSyo tathA hAthI kI prasiddha kathA kA tAtparya yahI anuvAda 'somehow' (kisI na kisI prakAra me) kiyA hai ki prAyaH sabhI dArzanika matabhedo tathA vivAdo kA jAtA hai jintu yaha bhI rAhI anuvAda nahIM hai kyoki isase makhya kAraNa hai eka prAzika satyatA ko sampUrNa satyatA prajJAtavAda kI gaMdha milatI hai aura jaina darzana ajJAtavAda mAnane kI bhUla karanA / hamAre manabheda kA kAraNa yaha hai nahI hai| yadyapi DA. esa 0sI0 caTarjI tathA DA0DI0ena0 ki hama apane vicAro ko sarvathA satya mAnane lagate hai| datta apanI bhAratIya darzana kI pustaka me 'syAt' ke lie isa taraha jaina darzana kI dRSTi meM pratyeka vastu aneka 'somehow' zabda kA prayoga karate he tathApi ve isakA dharmavAlI hai / na vaha sarvathA sat hI hai aura sarvathA prasata anuvAda 'kathaMcit' (in some respect) karate hai| hI hai, na marvathA nitya hai pora na sarvathA anitya hI hai| yaha anuvAda sahI hai| prophesara mahendra kumAra jaina bhI kintu kisI apekSA se vastu sat hai to kisI apekSA se apanI pustaka "jaina-darzana" (pR0 518) me 'myAta' asat hai, kisI apekSA se nitya hai to kisI apekSA zabda kA anuvAda 'kacita' hI karate haiN| paM0 kailAza se anitya hai / ata: sarvathA sat, sarvathA prasata, sarvathA candra zAstrI apane gratha "jaina nyAya" (10 268-69) nitya, sarvathA anitya ityAdi ekAntoM kA nirasana karake me syAna kA anuvAda kiMcit', 'katha cit ' tathA 'katha can' bastu kA kathacit sat, karthacit asat, kathaMcit nitya, karate hai / 'gyAta' kA anuvAda kathacita honA caahie| kathacit anitya mAdi rUpa honA anekAnta hai aura sthAt' kA prayoga sApekSa ke artha meM kiyA jAtA hai| anekAntAtmaka vastu ke kathana karane kA nAma syAdvAda isa taraha syAdvAda kA prathaM honA cAhie sApekSatAvAda / hai-anekAntAtmakArthakathana syAdvAda. /
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________________ syAhAra-jaina-darzanako antarAtmA (2) sva dravya, dika, kAla tathA rUpa kI dRSTi se pratyeka hama loga dekha cake hai ki jainoM ke pranamAra vastu vastu mat hai tathA para dravya, dik. kAla tathA rUpa ko mananta dharmAtmaka hai| kevala sarvajJa hI vastu ke sabhI dhamoM dRSTi se pratyeka vastu prasat hai / 'ghaDA hai' kA artha yaha ko jAna sakatA hai| kintu hama logo jaise prapUrNa prANI nahIM hai ki ghaDA sarvathA sat hai| ghaDe kA astitva ma. vizeSa, rUpa vizeSa. sthAna vizeSa tathA kAla-vizeSa ke vastu ko eka samaya me eka hI viziSTa dRSTi se dekhate hai paura isa taraha vastu ke kevala eka pakSa yA dharma kA hI jJAna pranu ra hai| prataH yaha kathAna vyAghAtaka nahI hai ki ghar3A prApta karate hai| isa pAzika jJAna ko 'naya' kahate hai- sat pora prasat dono hai (bhinna dRSTiyoM se)| ekadeza viziSTo'rtho nayastha viSayo mataH (nyAyAvatAra, zloka 26)' / isa pAzika jJAna ke prAdhAra para jo parAmarza (Judgement) hotA hai use bhI 'naya' kaho pAzcAtya tarkazAstra meM parAmoM ke sAdhAraNataH do haiN| prakalaMka deva 'laghIyastraya' (zloka 55) meM 'naya' kI bhada kiga jAte hai - prastivAcaka tathA nAstivAcaka / paribhASA isa prakAra karate hai--'nayo jnyaaturbhipraay.'| kintu jana sAta prakAra kA bheda mAnate hai| upayukta ho abhiprAya vaha hai jo vastu ke eka pakSa ko sparza karatA hai| bheda bhI inake atargata hai| parAmarza ko jaina dArzanika 'naya' svAmI samantabhadra ke anusAra, 'naya' vaha hai jo zrata pramANa bhI kahate hai| jaina tAkika pratyeka naya ke sAtha syAta ke dvArA gRhIta artha ke vizeSo prarthAt dharmo kA alaga- NEE joDate hai / syAt zabda ko jor3a kara yaha dikhalAnA alaga kathana karatA hai| unhone apanI prAtmamImAmA' cAhate hai ki koI bhI naya ekAnta yA nirapekSa rUpa se (zloka 106) me likhA hai --'syAdvAdapravibhaktArthavizeSa- satya nahI hai, balki prApekSika hai| yaha prazna kiyA jA vyaJjako nyH|' vidyAnanda svAmI bhI apana 'tattvArtha- sakatA hai ki bhaga sAta ho kyo hote hai ? jaina tAkiko ke ilokavAtika' me 'naya' ke isI artha ko svIkAra karate hai| anugAra isa prazna kA eka samAdhAna to yaha hai ki mUla naya ke do mUla bheda hai - dravyAthika aura paryAyAyika / vastu naya yA bhaga tIna hai aura gaNita ke niyama ke anusAra ke dravyAza yA sAmAnya rUpa kA grAhI dradhyAthika naya hai nIna ke Apunarukta vikalpa gAta hI ho sakate hai, praSika aura paryAyAza yA vizeSAtmaka rUpa kA grAhI paryAyAthika nhii| dUsarA samAdhAna hai ki prazna sAta prakAra ke hI naya hai| hone hai| prazna mAta prakAra ke kyo hota hai ? isakA kisI vastu kA jJAna tIna prakAra se sabhava hai unara hai ki jijJAsA sAta prakAra kI hotI hai| jijJAsA durnIti (bad judgement), naya (judgment) tathA sAta prakAra kI kyoM hotI hai ? kyoki sazaya sAta prakAra pramANa (valid judgement) / durnIti kA artha hai ke hI hote hai| sazaya sAna prakAra kyo hota hai ? kyoki prAzika satyatA ko pUrNa matyatA ke rUpa meM jAnane kI vastu ke dharma hI mAna prakAra ke hai| bhala karanA ; jaise yaha kathana ki vastu nirapekSa rUpa se bhAratIya darzana meM vizva ke sambandha me sat, prasat, sata hai (sadeva) / kimI sApekSa satyatA kA kathana mAtra, ubhaya tathA pranubhaya ye cAra pakSa vaidika kAla se hI vicAra-koTi me rahe hai / cAra kATiyo me nImage ubhayabinA yaha kahe ki yaha nirapekSa hai yA mApekSa naya kahA koTi tI mata aura prasanado ko milAkara banAI gaI hai| jAtA hai| udAharaNArtha, yaha kahanA ki vastu sata hai ana. mUla bhaga to tIna hI hai - sat, pramata aura anubhaya (sat) / pramANa sApekSa satyatA kI ukti hai, yaha jAnate arthAt pravaktavya / gaNita ke niyama ke anusAra tIna ke hue ki yaha sirpha sApekSa hai aura vibhinna daSTiyo se apunarukta vikalpa mAta hI ho sakate hai, adhika nhiiN| isake bhinna bhinna prartha ho sakate haiM (syAta mn)| jaina prata: jana tAkika parAmarza ke sAta bheda mAnate haiM jise dArzaniko ke anusAra syAt viziSTa naya ko pramANa saptabhagI naya kahA jAtA hai| naya ke mAna bhava kahate haiN| nimnalikhita hai
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________________ 24.31 0 1 syAt grasti syAt nAsti syAt asti ca nAsti pa syAt pravaktavyam syAt prasti ca pravaktavyam ca syAt nAsti ca pravaktavyam ca praura syAt zrasti ca nAsti ca pravatavyam ca / 'syAt prasti' prastibodhaka yA bhAvAtmaka parAmarzo kA sAmAnya rUpa hai / svadravya kI dRSTi se pratyeka vastu sata hai 'syAt ghaDA lAna hai' isane yaha bodha hotA hai ki ghar3A saba samaya ke lie bAla nahIM hai, balki kisI vizeSa samaya meM yA vizeSa paristhiti me lAla hai| yaha bhI bodha hotA hai ki isakA lAla raMga eka vizeSa prakAra kA hai / parAmarza kA dUsarA bheda hai syAnAni yaha nAsti voka yA prabhAvAtmaka parAmarzo kA sAmAnya rUpa hai / isakA hai ki koI eka 'syAt ghaDA kAlA nahI hai' vizeSa ghaDA vizeSa sthAna samaya tathA paristhiti meM kAlA nahIM hai| paradravya kI dRSTi se pratyeka vastu amatya hai / parAmarza yA naya kA tIsarA rUpa hai-svAt prasti va nAsti ca ; jaise- 'ghar3A lAla hai tathA nahI bhI lAla hai / ' isase yaha bodha hotA hai ki ghar3A kabhI lAla ho sakatA hai| tathA kabhI dUsare raMga kA bhI ho sakatA hai / vastu sat tathA ghasat donoM hai ( do bhinna artho me ) caube prakAra kA naya hai - syAt pravaktavyam jisa parAmarza me parasparavirodhI guNoM ke sambandha meM eka sAtha vicAra kiyA jAtA hai usakA yathArtha rUpa 'svAt pravaktavyam' hotA hai| ghar3A jaba acchI taraha se nahIM pakatA hai to kucha kAlA raha jAtA hai / jaba pUrA paka jAtA hai to lAla ho jAtA hai / yadi yaha pUchA jAya ki ghar3e kA raMga sabhI samaya me tathA sabhI avasthAnoM meM kyA hai, to isakA ekamAtra sahI uttara yahI ho sakatA hai ki isa dRSTi se ghar3e ke raMga ke sambandha me kucha kahA hI nahI jA sakatA hai / pranekAnta - zeSa tIna naya nimnalikhita DhaMga se prApta hote hai / pahale, dUsare tathA tIsare nayoM ke bAda alaga-alaga cauthe naya ko joDa dene se kramaza. pA~cavA chaThA tathA sAtavA~ naya bana jAte hai / pahale aura cauthe nayo ko kramika rUpa se joDane se pA~cavA naya banatA hai - syAt prasti ca pravaktavyam ca / dUmare aura cauthe nayoM ko kramika rUpa se jor3ane meM chaThA naya bananA hai svAt na stipam va isI taraha tIsare aura cauthe nayo ko zramAnusAra jor3a dene se sAtavA naya bana jAtA hai-- syAt prasti ca nAsti 'ca pravaktabhya ca / ( 4 ) syAdavAda ke sAta maMga jaina granthoM meM vibhinna pharmo meM pAye jAte hai| prAcArya kundakunda ne apane pravacanasAra' gAthA (2-23) meM 'spAt dhavaktavya' ko tIsarA aura 'syAdasti nAsti' ko caturtha bhaga rakhA hai| vintu 'paMcAstikAya' gAthA caudaha meM 'prasti nAsti' ko tIsarA zrIra 'vaktavya' ko caturtha bhaga rakhA hai| isI taraha kalaMka deya ne apane 'tattvArthavArtika' meM eka sthala ( pR0 353 ) para 'pravacanasAra' kA krama apanAyA hai aura dUsare sthala ( pR0 33 ) para paMcAstikAya' kA krama apanAyA hai / dono jaina sampradAya me dono hI krama pracalita rahe hai| dArzanika kSetra meM dUsarA hI krama pracalita rahA hai arthAt 'prasti nAsti' ko tIsarA caura vaktavya ko caturtha bhaga mAnA gayA hai / kintu mUla bhaMga tIna hI hai- syAdasti syAnnAsti aura syAdavaktavya / zrataH pravaktavya hI tIsarA, bhaga honA caahie| svAmI samantabhadra ne apane 'yuktyanuzAsana' me isI mata ko svIkAra kiyA hai / ( 5 ) kucha pAzcAtya tArkiko ke vicAroM ke sAtha syAdvAda kI bar3I samAnatA hai| ye pAzvAtya tAhika bhI kahate hai ki pratyeka vicAra kA apanA-apanA prasaMga yA prakaraNa hotA hai / use hama vicAra-prasaMga kaha sakate hai / vicAro kI sArthakatA unake vicAra-prasaMgo para hI nirbhara hotI hai| vicAraprasa me sthAna, kAla, dazA, guNa Adi aneka bAte sammilita rahatI hai vicAra parAmarza ke lie ina bAtoM ko spaSTa karane ko utanI ghAvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai / sAtha-sAtha unakI saMkhyA itanI atrika hotI hai ki pratyeka kA spaSTIkaraNa sambhava bhI nahIM hai / jaina svAdvAda kI tulanA kabhI-kabhI pAzcAsya sApekSabAda (theory of relativity) se bhI kI jAtI hai| sApekSavAda do prakAra kA hotA hai-- vijJAnavAdI dhaura vastuvAdI vijJAnavAdI sApekSavAda ke pravartaka proTAgorasa |
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________________ sthAhAva-jaina-darzana kI antarAtmA 25 barkale tathA zilara prAdi haiN| vastuvAdI sApekSavAda ke hI satya hai| isa prAkSA ke viruddha yaha kahA jA sakatA hai pravartaka hAiTaheDa, baDina prAdi haiN| janamata ko yadi ki kimI siddhAnta kI maulika mAnyatA ko svaya usa sApekSavAda mAnA jAe to vaha vastuvAdI sApekSavAda hogA, siddhAnta ke viruddha prAkSepa ke rUpa meM prayukta karanA sahI kyoMki jaina dArzanika mAnate haiM ki yadyapi jJAna sApekSa hai, nahIM hai / tAkika bhAgvAdiyoM ko maulika mAnyatA hai ki phira bhI yaha kevala mana para nirbhara nahI hai, balki vastumo jo pratyakSa dvArA pramANita hai vahI satya hai| unake viruddha ke dharmoM para bhI nirbhara hai| yaha mAkSepa karanA sahI nahIM hai ki unakA yaha siddhAnta syAdavAda siddhAnta se yaha spaSTa hai ki janoM kI daSTi hI satya nahI hai kyoMki yaha pratyakSa dvArA pramANita nahI baDI udAra hai / jaina manyAnya dArzanika vicAroM ko nagaNya hai| prA: "dvAda ke viruddha yaha pAkSepa sahI nahIM hai ki nahIM samajhate, balki anya daSTiyo se unhe bhI satya yaha siddhAnta mAgika pa se satya hai| mAnate hai| bhinna-bhinna darzano me samAra ke bhinna-bhinna saptabhaMgI-naya ke viruddha yaha prAkSepa kiyA jAtA hai varNana pAye jAte hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki uname eka ki isake antima tIna bhaga punarukti mAtra tathA daSTi nahIM hai / dahi bheda ke kAraNa hI uname matabheda pAyA nirarthaka hai kyoMki ve catathaM maMga ko kramazaH prathama. jAtA hai| dvitIya tathA tRtIya se milA dene para prApta hote haiN| kumArila kA prAkSepa hai ki isa taraha ke saMyoga ke mAdhAra bauddha tathA vedAnta dArzaniko ke prAkSepa hai ki syAda. para sAta ke sthAna para sau bhaMga sambhava hai| jaina tAkika vAda prAtmavirodhI middhAnta hai| dharmakIrti tathA zAnta isa prAkSepa kA uttara isa prakAra dete haiN| ve svayaM isa rakSita kA kahanA hai ki astitva tathA anastitva jaise bAta ko svIkAra karate hai ki mUla bhaga tIna hI hai kinta vyAghAtaka guNa eka hI vastu me eka hI artha me nahI pAye anya cAra bhaMga punarukti mAtra tathA nirarthaka nahIM haiN| unakA jA sakate / zakarAcArya tathA rAmAnuja bhI syAvAda ke kahanA hai ki gaNita ke niyama ke anusAra tIna ke praSikaviruddha yahI prAkSepa karate hai| kintu ye AkSepa sahI nahI tama apunarukta vikalpa sAta hI ho sakate hai| dUsarI bAta hai| jaina darzana yaha kabhI nahI kahatA hai ki vyAghAtaka hai ki prazna sAta prakAra ke hI hote hai| ataH apunarukta guNa eka hI vastu meM, eka hI samaya tathA eka hI artha me / adhikatama bhago kI saMkhyA ve sAta mAnate haiN| 000 zrI pAye jAte hai| jainoM ke anumAra vastu ananta dharma vAlI magadha vizvavidyAlaya, prArA (bihAra) hai| dravya kI dRSTi se vastu eka, sthAyI tathA yathArtha hai / kintu paryAya kI dRSTi se yaha aneka, parivartanazIla tathA 'anekAnta' ke svAmitva sambandhI vivaraNa prayathArtha hai / sva dravya, rUpa, dika tathA kAna kI dRSTi se | prakAzana sthAna-vIrasevAmandira, 21 dariyAgaja, naI dillI vastu sat hai tathA para dravya, rUpa, dika tathA kAla kI dRSTi | mudraka-prakAzaka --vIra sevA mandira ke nimitta se yaha prasat hai / ata: yahA virodha kA koI prazna hI prakAzana pravadhi--mAsika zrI promaprakAza jaina nahIM hai| vastu me vyAghAtaka guNa bhinna dRSTiyoM se pAye | rASTrikatA - bhAratIya patA-21, dariyAgaja, dillI-2 jAte hai. eka hI dRSTi se nhiiN| sampAdaka-zrI gokulaprasAda jaina rATrikatA-bhAratIya vedAnI syAdvAda ke viruddha eka dUsarA prAkSepa bhI patA- vIra sevA mandira 21, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 karate hai / unakA kahanA hai ki yadi pratyeka vastu sabhAvya | svAmitva-cora sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 hai to syAvAda bhI saMbhAvya hai, yadhArtha nhiiN| kintu yaha maiM, pomaprakAza jaina, etaddvArA ghoSita karatA hU ki prAkSepa bhI mahI nahI hai / syAdvAda saMbhAvyava da nahIM hai| merI pUrNa jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anusAra upayukta balki sApekSavAda hai| zakarAcArya kA prAkSepa hai ki yadi vivaraNa satya hai| -~-momaprakAzana, prakAzaka pratyeka satyatA prAMzika hai to syAvAda bhI prAMzika rUpa se /
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________________ agravAloM kI utpatti paM. paramAnanda jaina, zAstrI (samUcI vaizya jAti prarthAta agravAla jaina evaM jainetara, khaMDelavAla, prosavAla. varNavAla, mAhezvarI rastogI, rAjavaMzI, paramAra (paravAra), jAyasavAna, pallIvAla, lambeca, poravADa, golAlAre, gola-siMgAre, golApUrva evaM deza bhara meM phailI huI anekAneka itara vaizya upajAtiyo ke sambandha me tathA unake utpatti sthaloM ke sambandha me prAnuzrutika, purAtAtvika evaM aitihAsika zodha kArya karane tathA prAmANika itihAsa prastuta karane ke prayAsa sadaiva hote rahe hai jinameM 'pranekAnta' kA bhI prapanA samucita yogadAna rahA hai| _ vidvAna lekhaka kA prastuta gaveSaNApUrNa lekha isI dizA meM eka sarAhanIya prayAsa hai| -sampAdaka) 'agravAla' zabda kA artha hotA hai, pana yA prAgreya prAcIna mAhata mudrA kA namUnA bhI milA hai| prAcIna janapada kA nivAsI / prAcIna samaya me agra gaNa athavA nagara ke avazeSo ke sAtha yUnAnI sikke aura 51 caukhuTe pragreya janapada samaddhazAlI nagara thaa| usI kA parivartita tAMbe ke sikke bhI mile hai, jo itihAsa kI dRSTi se ma prayohA jAna paDatA hai| pramodaka bhI usakA nAma mahatvapUrNa hai / tAbe ke sikko ke sAmane kI pora vRSabha tathA hai, isase jAna par3atA hai ki vahA~ koI sundara vizAla pIche kI ora siMha yA caitya vRkSa kI mUrti akita hai, jo tAlAba thA, isI se usakA nAma agrodaka khyAta huprA hai| jaina mAnyatA kI mora saketa karatI hai|' sikko ke pIche para sthAna hariyANA meM hisAra nagara se 13 mIla kI bAlI akSaro me agoda ke pragaca-janapadasa, zilAlekha bhI dUrI para dillI-sirasA sar3aka para avasthita hai pora ima aMkita hai, jisakA prathaM pramodaka meM pragagha janapada kA samaya vaha ujar3A hapA eka choTA-sA gAMva hai| prAcIna sikkA hotA hai| ukta prAgreya janapada kA hI nAma agrohA kAla meM vaha eka vizAla eva pratyanta sampanna nagara thaa| pracalita hamA hai pora rAjadhAnI kA nAma 'agrodaka' sikkoM isakA pramANa ve vasAvazeSa hai, jo usake nikaTa sAta sau para utkIrNa hai| ekara bhUmi me phaile hue hai| umako samRddhi kA isaga bhI iDiyana eNTokverI, bhAga 15, pR0 343 para pramodaka anumAna hotA hai ki vahAM ke nivAmI savA lAkha vyakti vaizya kA varNana diyA gayA hai, jisase jJAta hotA hai ki lohAcArya ke upadeza se jaina dharma ke dhAraka zrAvaka bane the| vahA~ agravAla vaizyo kA khAsA jamaghaTa rahA hai| anya isase nagara kI vizAlatA kA bhI patA calatA hai / yaha jAtiyo kI apekSA vahA~ agravAla vaizyo kI saMkhyA eka prAcIna aitihAsika nagara rahA pratIta hotA hai| yahA~ adhika rahI hai aura ve vahA~ acche sampanna evaM vaibhavazAlI eka TIlA 60 phuTa U~cA thA, jo phatehagar3ha jAne vAlI rahe hai| ve agravAla dezabhakta aura vIra jAna par3ate haiM, sar3aka ke dakSiNa kI pora pravasthita hai| isa TIle se tIna kyoki unhone apane deza kI rakSArtha yUnAnI, zaka, kuSANa, prAcIna nagaro ke avazeSa milata hai, jinakA samaya dUsarI haNa aura musalamAna prAdi videzI prAkramaNakAriyo se zatAbdI me pUrva aura dasavI zatAbdI me bAda kA jamakara lohA liyA tha / muhammada gaurI ke samaya pahA~ anumAnita kiyA jAtA hai, jisakI khudAI san 1936- ke nivAsI agravAla rAjasthAna, uttara pradeza, dillI 40 me huI thii| usameM aneka vastue~ prApta huI thii| prAdi idhara-udhara ke prAnto me basa gaye the / isa jAti me bhI usI se yaha bhI jJAta huprA thA ki vahAM aneka vizAla aneka pratiSThita, vIra, parAkramI eva poja-teja se sampanna bhavana bhI bane hue the / 26 phuTa ke nIce sabase adhika vyakti hue haiM, jinhone samaya-samaya para mahatvapUrNa kAryoM 1, epimAphiyA iDikA, jilda 2, pRSTha 244 / 2. epigrAphimA iDikA, jilda 1, pRSTha 63-64 /
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________________ agravAloM kI utpatti 27 kA saMcAlana kiyA hai aura apanI kItiko cirasthAyI aisI sthiti meM sahasA hipA me cUNA ho jAnA mAzcaryabanAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| janaka hai| kartA ne isakA samarthaka koI pramANa nahI diyaa| __saMbhavataH 326 I0 pUrva sikandara kI vApasI meM lagatA hai yaha bhI korI kalpanA hI hai / hiMsA para hiMsA pramohe ke pragra zreNI gaNatatra se muThabheDa huI hai| prayohe ke kA prabhAva kisa nimita se paDA hai. use vyakta kiye binA vartamAna agravAlo ke pUrvaja apanI svatantratA kI rakSA usakI yathArthanA sandehAspada hI hai athavA kavi kI korI ke lie vIratApUrvaka laDe aura unhone sikandara ke yUnAnI kalpanA hI jAna paDatI hai, anyathA jisa hisA kI mahattA sainikoM ke dAMta khaTTe kiye, kintu ve pAkAntA kI vipula ne rAjA ke antarmAnasa ko prabhAvita kiyA, usakA koI sainya zakti ke prAge Thahara na sake / phalataH bIsa hajAra kAraNa avazya honA cAhie, jise grantha kAra vyakta nahIM strI.bacco ne jauhara dvArA apanA anta kiyaa| jo kara skaa| jAna Tea kara mkaa| jAna paDanA hai kathAkAra ne mahAlakSmIbata kI aur idhara-udhara bhAga gaye the, vyApArAdi dvArA apanI prAjIvikA mahattA batalAne ke lie emI kalpanA ko ho / karane ke kAraNa vaizya agravAlo me unako gaNanA hone 'agravAla' zabda para vicAra lgii| ___ DA0 matyaketu ne agravAla jAti ke prAcIna itihAsa kahA jAtA ki prayohA me agramena nAma kA koI ke pRSTha 156 para likhA hai ki "pragaravAla zamma bahata rAjA thA, usI kI saMtAna parampaga me agravAla kahe jAte puganA nahI hai, isa jAti ke lie jo vibhinna nAma pahale haiN| yadyapi pragrasena nAmaka rAjA kI koI itivani nahI prayukta hote the agrotAnyava uname eka hai|" jAna paDatA milatI aura na itihAsa tathA purANo meM usakA DA0 sAhaba ko agravAla zabda ko prAcInanA kA ullekha nAmollekha hI upalabdha hotA hai aura na usakI vaMza nahI milA, isI se unhoMne aisA likhA hai| prAkAra paramparA kA hI nAmollekha milatA hai| usake aTThAraha apabhraza bhASA meM "agaravAla" zabda sana 1932 me tomara putro prAdi kA bhI itihAsa me kahI koI ullekha nahIM vazIya rAjA pranaMgapAla tRtIya ke samaya pracalita thaa| milatA hai| isase agrasena nAma kalpita jAna par3atA hai| agaravAla kA artha praNavAla hotA hai| kavivara pokharA kisI ne 'grana' zabda ke prAge 'sena' zabda joDakara agrasena sa0 1186 (san 1132) meM dillI meM racita pAsa. nAma kI kalpanA kara lI, anyathA satraha yajJa karane vAle NAhacariu' me ukta pragaravAla zabda kA ullekha agravAlo rAjA kA purANoM yAdi meM nAmollekha taka na honA hI ke lie kiyA gayA hai, itanA hI nahI kinta agravAla sAha umako pramANikatA kA dyotaka hai| jejA ke jyeSTha putra gadhava kA ullekha karate hue use 'gro. prajJAnakartRka mahAlakSmI vrata-kathA ke anusAra, rAjA takAnvaya namoGgaNa pAryaNendu batalAyA gayA hai jisakA agrasena ko antima yajJa me hisA se mahasA pUNA ho gaI, artha agravAla vazarUpI AkAza kA candramA hotA hai| isase aura usane bIca meM hI yajJa banda kara diyaa| rAjA kA pramANita honA hai ki agravAla vaMza uma samaya bahata prasita himAtmaka yajJo se mahamA udAsIna ho jAnA, yaha ghaTanA ho cukA thaa| 'adhyaya' zabda vaza paramparA kA sacaka hai| apane me kisI rahasya vizeSa ko mamoye hue hai| usakA anaMgapAla tRtIya ke samaya sAhU jaijA kA kuTamba atyanta koI na koI kAraNa avazya rahA jAna par3atA hai, jisakA prasiddha thaa| inake laghu putra naTTala mAha ne dillI meM prAli grantha meM koI khanAsA nahI, kyoMki binA kAraNa ke kArya nAtha kA eka sundara mandira banavAyA thA aura usakI kI utpatti nahIM hotii| jise jIvana meM kabhI prabala hiMsA pratiSThA bhI kI thii| vaha rAjyamAnya thA aura usakA se kheda taka nahI humA, pratyuta usameM harSa mAnatA rahA ho, vyApAra aga, baMga, kaliMgAdi dezoM meM hotA thaa| usI ne 1. bhAratIya itihAsa : eka dRSTi, prathama saskaraNa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, pR074 / 2. yasyAgajo jani sudhoriha rAghavAsyayo, jyAmAnamandamatisajjhitasarvadoSAH / agrotakAnvayanabhogaNapArthaNenduH, zrImAnanekaguNarajjita-cArucetAH-pAsa. ca. /
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________________ 28, barSa 11,ki.1 anekAnta hariyANA nivAsI kavi zrIdhara se, jo svayaM agravAla vaza madyoginIpure sakalarAjyaziromukuTamANikya marIcikRta meM utpanna humA thaa| ukta pArzvanAthaca ritra kI racanA caraNa kamalapAdapIThasya zrImat perojasohe sakala sAmrAjyakarAI thii| usa samaya dillI aura hariyANA prAdi nagaroM dhurAM vibhrANasya samaye vartamAne zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaye meM agravAloM kA nivAsa thaa| isake bAda saMvat 1326, mUlasaMghe sarasvatIgacche balAtkAragaNe bhaTTAraka ratnakoti 1391, 136' kI lipi prazastiyoM, tathA saMvat 1365 taruNataruNitvabharvIkUNAM zrIprabhAcandrANAM tasya ziSya meM likhI huI dAtR-prazasti me 'tahi majjha pasaddha u agara- brahmanAtha paThanArtha prayotakAnvaye gohila gotra bhara (mara) bAla, NAmeNa pautau rayaNa paalu|' agravAla ratnapAla kA thala vAstavya paramazrAvaka sAdhusAu bhAryAvIro tayo putra ullekha kiyA gayA hai / isake atirikta vi0 sa0 1416, sAdhu Udhasa bhAryAlothA hI bharahapAla bhAryA lothA hI 1486, 1510, 1566 prAdi ke aneka granthoM ko prazastiyoM zrIbharahapAla likhApita karmadAyArtha / kanakadeva paMDita meM unake likhavAne vAle agravAloM kA ullekha hai :- likhita / zubha bhUyAt / "saMvatsaresmina zrI vikramAditya gatAbdA: saMvat 1361 -(jaina zAstra bhaMDAra, TholiyoM kA mandira, jayapura)" varSa jyeSTha sudi guruvAsare pratheha zrI yoginIpure samasUrAjA- 4. "savat 1486 varSe poSavadI 6 ravo dine zrI gopabali ziro mukuTa mANikya gvacita navararamo saracANa zrI gireH tomaravaMza mahArAjAdhirAja zrImat Dogarasodeva rAjya mahammadasAhi nAmni mahIvibhrati sati prasmina rAjye pravartamAne zrI kASThAsaMghe mAthurAnvaye puSkaragaNe bhaTTAraka yoginIpUrasthitA agrotakavAnyanabha. zazAka sA0 mahipAla zrI kSemendra kItidevAstadguruziSya zrImadkotidevA: tasya putra: jina caraNakamala caMcarIka sA0 setu, pherA, sADhA, ziSya zrI vAdIndracuDAmaNi mahAsiddhAntI zrIbrahmasIrAkhya mahArAjA, tUpA, aite, sAhalepu putra gAlhA mAjA aite nAmadevA / agrotAkAnvaye mItalagotra sAdhu zrI galhA sAha gherA putra bI thA hemarAja ete: dharma kammaNi sado. bhAryA khemA tayo putraH bhoNI eka pkss|| dvitIya pakSA samapareH jJAnAvaraNIkarmakSayAya bhavya jananAM paThanAya uttara- agrotakAnvaye garga gotra sAdhu zrI kSemadharA bhAryA haro tayo purANa pustakaM likhApitaM / likhitaM goDAnvaya kAyastha paMDita putrAzcatvAraH prathama putra dekhalu. dvitIya vIlhA, tRtIya gaMdharva putra vAhaDa rAjadevena / (prazasti saM0 pR.62)|" pAlhA, caturtha bhryaa| dekhalu bhAryArUpA, vIlhA bhAryA nA ___ "saM0 1369 phAlguNa sadI 5 zutravAsare zrIyoginI- thI. sAdhu nAlhA bhAryA thA nI, tayoH putrAzcatvAraH sAdhu pura suratrANa zrI manmahaMmada sAhi rAjya pravartamAne kASThAsaghe zrIcandrA, sAdhu harizcandra sA0 ranA, sA0 sAlhA / trayodazavidhi cAritra (dhAraka) bhaTTArakanayasenaH tasya / candra putra meghA, svadharmarata sAdhu zrI maryA mINA, zIlaziSyaH bhaTTAraka durlabhasena tasyAdhyayanAya pustakAmadaM prati- zAlinI dha ra zAlinI dharmaprabhAvanI ratnatrayArAdhinI bAI jogI prAtmakramaNarate likhApayitvA darabAracetyAlaya samIpa sthita ghama kSAtha ida paramAtmaprakAza prthaalkhaapt| agrotakanvaya paramazrAvaka sAgiyA iti pUrvapUruSasajJakena -TholiyoM kA mandira jaMga zAstra bhaDA', jayapura" pATaNa vAstavya sA0 pANA bhAryAhalo pranayo putro diupa isake atirikta ma0 yazaHkIrti (1402-1500) ne pUnA nAmAdo sA0 pUnA bhAryA bIkSA pratayo patreNa darabAra- apane pANDava purANa pora harivazapurANa me agravAloM kA cetyAlaye paMcabhyudyAnAya sakalasaMghamAkArya deva-zAstra. ullekha kiyA hai / yathAguruNA mahAmahaM vidhAya saghapUjA vastrApArAdhibhiH kRtA "miri agaravAla bamahi pahANa zAstradAna prastAve paca pustakAni dadAni / mo saghahe vacchalu vinayamANu |"-paaNddv purANa -prazastisaMgraha, pR0 67" / ra "tahi prayaravAla basahi pahAyu siggigganogaMgeyabhANa / ___ jo rUbeM Nijjiya kAma bANu diucaMda sAhU ki upttdaannu|" 3. "saM0 1946 varSe sAdavA sudI 13 guro dine zrI. -harivaza purANa 1. 'savat 1326 caitra sadi dazamyA budhavAsare atheha yoginIpure samasta rAjAbali samAlaMkRta gayAsuddIna rAjye pravasthita agrotaka paramazrAvaka jinacaraNakamala..." terApaMthI bahA madira bhaMDAra, jayapura kI pratha sUcI, bhAga 2, 50 142 /
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________________ apavAloM kI utpatti kavi rahagha ne bhI apane anekoM granthoM meM agravAloM kA gAMva prAdi ke nAma para gotra aura jAti kalpanA paricaya unake kuTamba-parikara ke sAtha diyA hai| do prathoM upajAtiyo kA itivRtta dasavI zatAbdI se pUrva kA kA ullekha nimna prakAra hai : nahIM miltaa| ho sakatA hai ki kucha upajAtiyAM pUrvavartI boravAla sahi hamayakU, viha pavagva buddha soNaya bku| rahI hoN| ina upajAniyoM aura unake gotrAdi kA vikAsa vINa, niyajalaNa vihalohama vinnyliinnu| grAmoM pora nagarI grAti ke nAma para hamA hai, udAhara _ --balahada purANa NArtha, khaNDelA se khaNDelavAla, mosA se posavAla, barSarA bhAnoya baMza Nahasasi dANAvihANeNa NAha kheyNho| me bagherAvAla (vyAghavAla), pAlI se pallIvAla, pA. bayaNamaNa kyatokho hAlU mAhussa pNgmovidiyo|| batI se padmAvatIpuravAla, isI taraha agrohA se pravAla, .- vittasAra' cadarI ke nivAmI hone ke kAraNa cadariyA, candravAra se molahavI zatAbdI ke kavi mahAcanda aura mANikya- nAnduvADa / vibhinna kArya karane se bhI logo kI vividha canda ne apane grantho me agravAloM kA nimma zabdo me nAmo me khyAti dekhI jAtI hai| paTavAra girIko ullekha kiyA hai : paTavArI, sone kA kArya karane se monI yA suvarNakAra ko 'bhayarabAla saghaha suha bhAva u, gagga gotta-Nimmala gunnmaayr| prasiddhi hotI hai / -zAntinAtha purANa gA~va ke nAma para gotra kalpanA kaise kI jAtI thI, prayaravAla spasaddha vibhAmina, siMghanagotta u sussnnmmaami| imakA eka udAharaNa 17vI zatAbdI ke paDita banArasI. dAsa ke pravadhAnaka me jAta hotA hai aura vaha isa prakAra ina dono kaviyoM ke granthoM kA racanAkAla sa. 157 ha - madhyadeza ke rohatakapura ke nikaTa boholI nAma kA eka gAMva thA, jisame rAjavaMzI rAjapUtoM kA nivAsa paa| paura 1576 hai| ve guru prasAda se jainI ho gaye aura unhoMne apanA pApamaya ina saba ullekhoM se agravAla zanda kI prAcInatA kriyAkANDa choDa diyA, NamokAra mAtra ko mAlA pahanI, paura mahattA para prakAza par3atA hai| ye saba ullekha jaina ataeva unakA kula zrImAla batAyA gyaa| aura gotra gAMva pagravAloM ke hai| papa janapada yA pradeza ke nivAsI hone ke nAma para biholiyA rakyA gayA, jaisA ki ardhakathAnaka ke kAraNa agravAla kahe jAte hai| agrasena rAjA ko manAna ke nimna padoM se pragaTa hai :--- paramparA ke kAraNa agravAla nahIM kahe jAte / / yAhI bharata sukheta meM, madhyadeza zubha tthaauuN| 'agravAloM' meM do zabda jur3e hue haiM-'praya' jora 'vaal'| basaM nagara rohatakapura, nikaTa biholI gaauuN| inameM ana zabda deza yA janapada kA vAcaka hai aura vAla te gurumukha janI bhae, tyAgi kAma pradhabhUta / zabda unake pUrva nivAsa kA sUcaka hai| jisa taraha koI paharI mAlA mantra kI, pAyo kula zrImAla / vyakti kalakattA se dillI me jAye to use kalakatiyA thAmyo gautra bihIliyA, bIholI rakhapAla / yA kalakattaM vAlA kahA jAtA hai, yA kisI anya sthAna --mardhakathAka para basa jAne para use anya sthAna vAlA kahA jAyagA, isI taraha anya jAtiyoM ke gotrAdi ke sambandha meM isI taraha rAjasthAna ke khaNDelA se khaNDelavAlo kA vicAra karanA caahie| upajAtiyoM ke gotroM kI kalpanA nikAsa humA hai| khaNDalA ke nivAsI hone se unheM khaNDela- jadI-juhI hai| jaina samAja meM upalabdha upajAtiyAM va bAla kahA jAtA hai| pAlI vAsI hone ke kAraNa pallI- govAdi bhinna-bhinna hai| isI taraha vaiSNava sampradAya ko bAla, pathAvatI nagarI ke nivAsI hone ke kAraNa se padmA. upajAtiyoM meM bhI gotra kalpanA bhinna-bhinna pAyI vatIpura vAla kahA jAtA hai| yahAM bAla zabda spaSTa rUpa jAtI hai| agravAloM ke 18 gotra batalAye jAte haiN| unameM se nivAsa kA dyotaka hai| garga, goyala, mittala, sagala yA siMgala, baMsala, jindala,
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________________ 30, varSa 11ki01 bhanekAsa eNDila aura maMgala nAma ke gotro ke nAmollekha vividha ke ekadeza dhAraka the| inakA samaya 683 varSa kI zrataandhAdi meM mere pravalokana meM pAye hai| una saba me garga gharoM kI kAla gaNanA me pAtA hai| prAkRta paTTAvalI ke gotra vAlo ke ullekha adhika pAye jAte hai / sambhavataH anusAra inakA samaya vIra ni0 saM0565 hai| 'lohajja' uso taraha vaiSNava agravAloM meM bhI vaise hI pAye jAte hoge| zabda prAkRta bhASA kA hai jisakA artha lohArya yA lohAzeSa gotroM ke sambandha meM mujhe kucha jAnakArI prApta nahIM huii| cArya hotA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki ina lohAcArya se agrajanaisI taraha paravAra, khaNDelavAla, golApUrva, huMbaDa, golAlAre, pada ke nivAsiyoM ko prabodha milA ho aura unake upadeza posavAla, badhe ravAla, prAdi upajAtiyoM ke gotrAdi bhinna- se unhone jainadharma dhAraNa kiyA ho aura prAgreya yA agra bhinna pAye jAte hai / sambhava hai tulanA karane para kucha upa- janapada ke nidhAsI hone se agravAla kahalAne lage ho| jAtiyoM ke gotrAdiko meM kahI kucha gamAnatA bhI mila kASThAmagha kI utpatti to bAda meM huI hai, phira bhI jAya / vastuta unake gAtra bhinna ho devA meM prAte hai| kASThA saMgha ke sAtha lohAcAryAnvaya kA ullekha hai| parantu lohAcArya isakA koI prAcIna ullekha mere dekhane me nahI pAyA hai| ___ lohAcAya kAma ke dA prAcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hAM, 15vI-17vI zatAbdI kI lipi prazastiyo Adi me hai| uname prathama lohAcArya to bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pacama lohAcAryAnvaya kA ullekha avazya dekhane me prAyA hai|' gaNaghara the| paTakhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA aura kapAya eka lohAcArya kA ullekha pa0 bulAkIcandra ne apane pAhar3a kI jayadhavalA TIkA me lauhijja nAma se unakA sa0 1737 me racita bacana-koza meM kiyA hai aura batAyA ullekha milatA hai yathA teNa godarmaNa dubiha mabisudaNANa hai ki kASThAmagha kI utpatti umAsvAmI ke paTTAdhikArI lohajassa sacAgdi (dhavalA pu0 1, pR065)| inakA nAma lohAcArya dvArA agarohA nagara meM huii| isakA koI prAcIna sudharma svAmI dhA paura praparanAma lohAcArya / mani padma prAmANika ullekha abhI taka prApta nahI humA / ataeva yaha nandI ne jambadvIpa paNNatI me sudharma gaNadhara kA nAma lohA prAmANika nahI ho sakatA / umAsvAmI ke paTTAcArya kisI cArya batalAyA hai-teNa bi lohajjasya ya laurajjeNa ya sadhamma lohAcArya kA koI ullekha abhI taka prApta nahI hmaa| / (jambadvIpa paNatI 1-10) / inakA nivANa i0 kASThAsaMgha kI utpatti pUrva 573 me huprA thaa| kASThAsadha kI utpatti kA ullekha prAcArya devasena ke __dUsare lohAcArya prAcArAga ke dhAraNa aura zeSa ago darzanasAra me milatA hai / usame ligvA hai ki guNabhadrAcArya subhadro to yazobhadro yazobAhunetara / mAyarAnvaye puSkaragacche lohAcAryAnvaye pratiSThAcArya lohAcAryasturIyo bhadAcArAgadhutAM pratata. / / zrI anantakIrtidevA: tasya paTTanagaNAgaNe bhaTTAraka - harivazapurANa 1.65 kalpa zrI kSemakIrti devaH tatpaTTe zrI hemakIrti devAH lohijjo, lohAirie sarga gade pAyAvassa bIcchedo tatziSya zrI dharmacandradevA: tasya dharmopadezAmRtena hRdijaado| ---jayaSavalA, pu. 1, pR0 86 sthita ghanoballI khiccabhAmena rohitAsanagare vAstavya 2. bhaTTArakIya mandira prajamera zAstra bhaNDAra kI samaya- zrI kAlapInagarasthita agrota kAnvaya mItala gotrIya sAra TIkA (prAtmakhyAti) kI lipi prazasti meM jo pUrvapurupa ... / 1463 somavAra kI likhI huI hai, kASThA sagha ke savat 1658 phAlguna sudI 8 zanivAsare zrI kASThAsAtha lohAcAryAnvaya kA ullekha hai, yathA-'svasti saghe mAthurAgacche zrI lohAcAryAnvaye zrI guNabhadra zrI saMvata 1463 varSa trayodazyA somavAsare pratheya trI paTTe zrI guNakIti tatpaTTe zrI kumArasenAstata: zrI kAlapInagare samasta rAjAbalI samalakRta vinajitAri- vizAlakItiH tacchiSya jasoghara nitya praNamiti / balI pracaMDa mahArAjAdhirAja surabANa mahamUdaM sAhi yaha lekha tAra kI galI mAgarA mandira kI mUrti vijayarAjya pravartamAne prasmina rAjye zrI kASThAsaMgha
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________________ apavAloM kI utpatti ko matya ke bAda jinasenAcArya ke guru bhAI vinayasena ke sunAI kAlpanika bAtoM se bharA hamA hai, prataeva prAmANika dIkSita ziSya kumArasena dvArA saM0753 me nanditaTa grAma pratIta nahI hotaa| mekASThAsagha kI utpatti huI, jaisA ki usakI nimna prayoka nagarI ko mahAlakSmI vrata kathA me gaMgA-yamunA gAthAnoM meM spaSTa hai : nadiyo ke madhya haridvAra me 14 koza pazcima kI mora teNa puNo biya biccu NAUNa bhuNisya biNayaseNarasa / batalAyA gayA hai aura agrasena ke sAtha usakA sambandha siddhate ghositA saya gaya sanna loyassa // 33 // joDA gayA hai, jo kAlpanika hai / DA. satyaketu kI dRSTi mAsIkumAraseNo ebiyaDe biNayaseNa divykhyo| me bhI vaha kAlpanika rahA hai| itihAsa kI dRSTi se vaha cacona samo rUddI kTTha sagha paruvedi // 36 // managaDhaMta hai| dUsare, agrasena rAjA kI rAniyoM, pUtroM aura so savaNasaMgha bajjo kumAra meNo dugnamaya bhicchttii| kanyAnoM ke nAma bhI pUre nahIM ginAne jA sake hai| unakA satta saye tevaNe vicakamarAyasma maraNapatassa / bhI samarthana anyatra se nahI hotaa| mADhe satraha gotroM kI padiya he baranAme kaTho sapo muNayanvo // 38 // valpanA kAlpanika hI hai, prAdhe gotra kA kyA prAdhAra --darzanasAra hai ? pugaNo meM inakA sAkSya milanA caahiye| DA. sattavetu ne 10 198 para likhA hai ki 'paramparA darzanasAra kI gAthA me, vi0 saM0753 meM kASThAsaMgha anuzrati ke anusAra ganiyo kI saMkhyA sAr3ha satraha yA kI utpatti batalAI gaI hai| yaha mamaya aitihAmika dRSTi me aThAraha likhakara bhI mahAlakSmIvrata kathA kA lekhaka unake ThIka nahI mAlama hotA, kyoki prAcArya guNa bhadra kI mRtyu nAmo kI ginatI pUrI na kara skaa| isa grantha me rAjA ke uparAnta kASThAsaMgha kI utpatti huii| isame 753 kA ana kI rAniyo va kanyApro ke jo nAma diye gaye hai ve vikrama saMvata ThIka pratIta nahI hotA, kyoki bIrasena ke kahA taka satya hai yaha kahanA kaThina hai| isase spaSTa hai ziSya jinasena ke sadharmI vinaya mena the, aura inhI vinaya ki DAkTara sAhaba bhI usase zakita hai| sena ke anurodha se jinasena ke pAzrvAmyadaya kAvya kI racanA kI thii| ina kumArasena ne guNabhadra kI mRtyu ke bAda kathA ke 137-138 padyo meM batalAyA gayA hai ki pramakASThAsagha kI sthApanA kI, jisase ukta 753 kA se nane sAr3he satraha yajJA se madhusUdana ko satuSTa kiyaa| eka savat 150 varSa ke lagabhaga pIche par3a jAtA hai| isase bAra yajJa ke bIca me ghor3e kA mAsa bola utthaa| usane vaha sthApanA kAla sadoSa hai| kASThAsaSa kI utpatti kahA ki rAjan ! mAMsa aura madya dvArA svaya ko jaya mata vikrama kI 10vI zatAbdI ke lagabhaga ThaharatI hai| yadi kro| he dayAnidhe ! ina dono se rahita jIva kabhI pApa use vikrama saMvat na mAnakara zaka sabat mAnA jAya to se lipta nahIM hotA / isameM vicAraNIya hai ki kyA ghoDe saMbhavata: usakA sAmaMjasya ho skegaa| yA kisI jIva kA mAsa bola sakatA hai; usame usakA prAtmA nikala jAne yA prANa rahita ho jAne ke bAda mahAlakSmI vrata kathA bolane kI zakti kahA se A gaI; kyA nirjIva vyakti kA mahAlakSmI vrata kathA saMskRta bhASA kI eka arvAcIna iza prakAra kI udghoSaNA kara sakatA hai| yaha kathana nirA khaMDita kRti hai jisakA kartA prajJAta hai maura jise bhaviSya kAlpanika aura managar3hata jAna par3atA hai| kyA koI vaMjJA nika ise kasauTI para kasakara pramANita kara sakatA hai? purANa kA aMza batalAyA gayA hai| parantu vaha usameM upalabdha nahI hotii| prantha vyAkaraNa sambandhI prazuddhiyoM se yukta kathA meM yaha bhI likhA hai ki dhanaMjaya kA putra zrInAtha hai, jisakA saketa DA0 satyaketu vidyAlakAra ne bhI apane hamA aura zrInAtha kA putra divAkara humaa| divAkara ne agravAloM ke prAcIna itihAsa meM kiyA hai| racanA sAdhAraNa janamata kA pAlana kiyaa| parantu prayakartA ne ise spaSTa hai| bhASA meM praur3hatA ke darzana nahIM hote| kathAnaka sunI (zeSa prAvaraNa pR03 para)
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________________ jhArar3A kI aprakAzita jaina devI pratimAeM D DA0 mAyArAnI prArya, ujjaina madhyapradeza ke ujjaina jile kI mahIdapura tahasIla se pUrva nIce ke prabhilekha me 'saMvata 1226 vaizAkha vdii| zukra dizA meM 15 ki. mI. dUra jhAraDA grAma apane jainAvazeSo ... zAMtinAtha caMtye sA zrI gozala bhAya ke kAraNa kalA jagata me adhika prasiddhi prApta kara cukA hai| kUTambena sahitena nija gotra devyAH zrI acchamnAtha pratiyahA~ kaI sthalo para jana abhinaya tathA tIrtha va.ra pratimAyeM kRti kAritA" akita hai| haiM jinameM se kucha ko to DAkara vANakara ne prakAzita tIsarI pratimA cakrezvarI kI hai| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabha kiyA hai| pUrva jana jilA jaina ra.vazeSa sagraha nAtha kI zAsanadevI cazvarI paramAra mUrtikalA me vizeSa samiti ke tatvAvadhAna me jhAraDA grAma ke jaina avazeSo kA rUpa se akita milatI hai| mAlavA kI aisI cakrezvarI sarvekSaNa paM0 satyadhara kumAra jI seThI tathA DA surendra pratimAye ujjaina kI jaisiMhapuga jaina saMgrAhalaya kumAra mArya ne kiyaa| yahA~ 5.6 pratimAyeM prApta huI hai me sakalita hai| jhAraDA kI isa pratimA me devI garur3ajinakI carcA prathama bAra yahAM kI jA rahI hai| vAhanA hai aura praSTam nI hai| rUpamaMDanakAra ne jo prAyudha vi0 saM0 1208 ke abhilekha vAlI rohiNI kI eka diye hai vahI isa pratimA meM hai| cakra, pAza, vANa, varada, kalAtmaka pratimA 2' 5" UcI aura 1.7" caur3I hai| akuza, vaja prAyudha spaSTa hai va do hAtho ke mAyudha magna 16 vidyAdevayA ma rAhiNA prasiddha hai / pratimA kA vAhana aspaSTa zilAnemva se pratimA kA nirmANa kAla 13vI gAya hai| prataH yaha zvetAmbara paramparA me nimita hai| ataH yaha patAmbara papasama nAmA hAtAbdI jJAta hotA hai| pratimA ke cAra hAtha hai| Upara ke prathama bAye hAtha me jhArar3A kI caturtha va paMcama jaina pratimAyeM kramaza: kalaza, dAyeM hAtha me zakha, nIce ke baoNye hAtha me kamala va padamAvatI va ambikA kI hai| ye kramazaH pAdyanAtha cauthA bhagna hai / pratimA eka viziSTa mUrtikalA kA udA. aura neminAtha kI yakSiNI deviyA~ hai / padmAvatI lalitAharaNa yaha prastuta karatI hai ki isameM vAhana ke mAdhAra para sanA hai aura ambikA kI goda me bAlaka hai| jaina devI zvetAmbarI hai, para mAyudha ke prAcAra para digabara hai (jaMna lakSaNa graMthoM ke prAdhAra pr)| saMbhavataH yaha paramAra isa prakAra kI anya khaDita devI abikA kI pratimAyeM nareza bhoja ke samaya saMsthApita dhArmika samanyava ke kartRtva gharoM kI sIDhiyoM va dIvAroM meM canI huI pAyI gaI hai jo dvArA prabhAvita thii| devI ko zarIra yaSTi vizuddha rUpa se abhI taka pUrNataH aprakAzita hai| jhArar3A meM tIrthaMkaraparamAra zilpa se anuprANita hai| pratimAye pracura mAtrA meM hai (DA. vAkaNakara ne prAdinAtha, dvitIya pratimA kAle sleTI patthara para bacyutA supArzvanAtha, sumatinAtha kI hI lagabhaga 30 pratimAyeM athavA pacchuptA devI kI hai| jaina pratimA zAstra ke khojI hai)| sabhI prAya: 10 se 13vI zatAbdI meM nimita hai anusAra yaha bhI 16 vidyA deviyoM meM prasiddha hai| devI va una para mAlavA ke paramAra mUrti-zilpa kI spaSTa chApa hai| azva para mArUda haiM aura 5.4" lambe va 3.7" cauDe 000 prastara phalaka para ubhArI gaI hai| do hAthoM se namaskAra 22, TI. mAI0TI0 kAlonI, mudrA kI prApti va dAyeM meM khaDga tathA bAyeM meM baja hai| dazaharA maidAna, ujjaina (ma. pra.)
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________________ [pRSTha 31 kA zeSAMza nahI kiyaa| divAkara ne jisake dvArA jainadharma grahaNa kiyA, prapa meM likhA hai, ki jaba aThArahavA yajJa maharSi ne zurU usakA spaSTIkaraNa prapekSita hai, jisase unakI jAMca kI jA kiyA taba agrasena ke hRdaya meM hiMsA se prakasmAt ghRNA ske| isa taraha yaha kayA aneka kalpita pAkhyAnoM, kiva utpanna ho gaI aura yajJa kA kArya banda ho gyaa| agrohA dantiyoM se pUrNa hai| unakA anyatra se samarthana nahI hotaa| se urU kA sambandha pratIta nahI hotA / usa parita prataH vaha pramANa kaise mAnI jA sakatI hai| se agrasena ke sAtha usakA sambandha joDanA . sacita urU caritam nahI hai| urU caritam kartA ke nAma se rahita khaNDita grantha agrasena ke bhAI zUrasena ke nAma me mathurA kA nAma hai, jisameM rAjA urU kA carita vaNita hai| usakA praya. zUrasena par3A, yaha kalpanA nirAdhAra bhaura pratihAsika hai| vAloM ke sAtha koI sambandha pratIta nahI hotA / grantha meM ra agrasena aura zUrasena kI ekatA kA kyA pramANa hai ? agrasena ke bhAI zUrasena kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura use urU ko candravaMzI rAjA likhA gayA hai| usakA koI zUrasena deza basAne vAlA likhA gayA hai / zUrasena pradeza mathurA pArANika una paurANika ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotaa| usakA mathurA ke ke prAsapAma kA kSetra hai| yaha kathana aitihAsika dRSTi se sAtha kyA sambandha thA yaha bhI kucha jJAta nahIM hotaa| jAna ThIka nahIM hai| zUrasena pradeza prAcIna hai aura usakA par3atA hai ki lekhaka ne idhara-udhara se sunI-sunAI bAtoM ko sambandha yaduva ziyo ke sAtha hai| ve usake zAsaka rahe hai| kalpanA ke prAdhAra para sagaThina karane kA prayanna kiyA hai| kaMsa ke marane ke bAda jarAsaMgha ke bhaya se yAdava loga zarasena prataH isase itihAsa kI zRkhalA kA sambandha nizcaya karanA pradeza ko chor3akara dvArikA cale gaye the / zarasena pradeza ke duSkara hai / kAraNa vahA~ kI bhASA zaurasenI kahI jAtI hai / jainiyoM ke epha 65, javAhara pArka (vesTa), kitane hI prantha zaurasenI prAkRta meM likhe gaye hai| lakSmInagara, dillI-51 000 Avazyaka sUcanA anekAnta sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina smRti aMka isa aMka kI prakAzana yojanA me kiMcita parivartana kiyA gayA hai| pUrvajJApita yojanA ke sthAna para praba yaha aka disambara, 1978 meM prakAzita hogA aura bhanekAnta ke varSa 31 kI kiraNeM 3 mora 4 isameM samAhita hoNgii| -sampAdaka
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________________ 8.00 1.N !0591/62 vIra-sevA-mandira ke upayogI prakAzana purAtanavAkya-sUcI: prAkRta ke prAcIna 46 mUla-granthoM kI padyAnukramaNI, jisake mAtha 48 TIkAdi granthoM meM uddhRta dUsare padyoM kI bhI anukramaNI lagI huI hai / saba milAkara 25353 padya-vAkyoM kI sUcI / saMpAdaka: mukhtAra zrI jugalakizora jI kI gaveSaNApUrNa mahattva kI 7 pRSTha kI prastAvanA se alaMkRta, DA. kAlIdAsa nAga, ema. e., DI. liTa. ke prAkkathana (Foreword) aura DA0 e. ena. upAdhye, ema. e.,DI. liTa. kI bhUmikA (Introduction) se bhUSita hai| zodha-khoja ke vidvAnoM ke lie atIva upayogI, bar3A sAija, sajilda / 15... ' prAptaparIkSA :zrI vidyAnandAcArya kI svopajJa saTIka apUrva kRti, prAptoM kI parIkSA dvArA Izvara-viSayaka sundara vivecana ko lie hae, nyAyAcArya paM darabArIlAlajI ke hindI anuvAda se yukta, sajilda / svayambhU stotra : samantabhadra bhAratI kA apUrva grantha, mukhtAra zrI jugalakizorajI ke hindI anuvAda tathA mahatva kI gaveSaNApUrNa prastAvanA se suzobhita / ... 2.00 skRtividyA : svAmI samantabhadra kI anokhI kRti, pApo ke jItane kI kalA, saTIka, sAnuvAda mora zrI jugala kizora mukhtAra kI mahattva kI prastAvanAdi se alakRta, sundara, jilda-sahita / paNyAtmakamalamArtaNDa : paMcAdhyAyIkAra kavi rAjamana kI sundara prAdhyAtmika racanA, hindI-anuvAda-sahita / / aparayanuzAsana : tattvajJAna se paripUrNa, samantabhadra kI asAdhAraNa kRti, jisakA abhI taka hindI anuvAda nahIM hupA thaa| mukhtAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda aura prastAvanAdi se alakRta, sajilda / ... 1.25 samIcIna dharmazAstra : svAmI samantabhadra kA gahasthAcAra-viSayaka atyuttama prAcIna grantha, mukhtAra zrIjugalakizora jI ke vivecanAtmaka hindI bhASya aura gaveSaNAtmaka prastAvanA se yukta, sAjalda / nagrantha-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1: saMskRta aura prAkRta ke 171 aprakAzita granthoM kI prazastiyo kA maMgalAcaraNa sahita apUrva saMgraha, upayogI 11 pariziSToM bhaura pa0 paramAnanda zAstro kI itihAsa-viSayaka sAhityaparicayAtmaka prastAvanA se alaMkRta, sajilda / 4.00 samASitantra paura iSTopadeza : pradhyAtmakRti, paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI kI hindI TIkA sahita 4-00 bhavaNabelagola aura dakSiNa ke anya jaina tIrtha : zrI rAjakRSNa jaina 1-25 adhyAtma rahasya . paM0 pAzAghara kI sundara kRti, mukhtAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda sahita / ... 1.00 janagrantha-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 2: apabhraza ke 122 aprakAzita granthoM kI prazastiyoM kA mahattvapUrNa sNgrh| vapana andhakAroM ke aitihAsika graMtha-paricaya pora pariziSToM sahita / sa. pa. paramAnanda shaastrii| sjild| 12.00 myAya-bIpikA : mA. abhinava dharmabhUSaNa kI kRti kA pro. DA. darabArIlAlajI nyAyAcArya dvArA ga0 anu0| 7.00 na sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizava prakAza : pRSTha saMkhyA 74, sajilda / kasAyapAhaDasutta : mUla grantha kI racanA mAja se do hajAra varSa pUrva zrI guNaparAcArya ne kI, jisa para zrI yativRSabhAcArya ne pandraha sau varSa pUrva chaha hajAra zloka pramANa cUNisUtra likhe / sampAdaka paM hIrAlAlajI siddhaant-shaastrii| upayogI pariziSTo pora hindI anuvAda ke sAtha bar3e sAija ke 1000 se bhI adhika pRSThoM meM / puSTa kAgaja aura kapar3e kI pakkI jilda / 20.00 Realitv : mA. pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi kA aMgrejI me manuvAda / barapAkAra ke 3.0 1., pakkI jilda ana nibandha-ratnAvalI : zrI milApacandra tathA zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA 5.00 dhyAnAtaka (dhyAnastava sahita) : saMpAdaka paM0 bAlacandra siddhAnta-zAstrI 12-.. dhAvaka dharma saMhitA :pI darayAvasiMha soSiyA na lakSaNAvalI (tIna bhAgoM meM): (tRtIya bhAga mudraNAdhIna) prathama bhAga 25.00%, dvitIya bhAga 25.00 Jain Bibliography (Universal Encyclopaedia of Jain References) (Pages 2500) (Under print) prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira ke lie rUpavANI priTiMga hAusa, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 se mudrita /
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________________ traimAsika zodha-patrikA anakAnta - - varSa 31: kiraNa 2 apraila-jUna 1678 sampAdana-maNDala DA. jyotiprasAda jaina DA. premasAgara jaina zrI gokulaprasAda jaina viSayAnukramaNikA kra0 viSaya 1. zrI mahAvIra stavana-zrI mAzAdhara 2. nArI aura jIvana-mUlya : apabhraza sAhitya ke saMdarbha me-sAdhvI sAdhanA jaina, dillI 3. devapUjA mora usakA mAhAtmya -pro. udayacandra jaina, ema. e. 4. niyativAda nAmA niyamavAda __--zrI mahendrasena jainI, naI dillI sampAdaka zro gokulaprasAda jaina ema e., ela-ela.bI., sAhityaratna 5. kabIra kI vANI meM bIra-vANI kI gaMja -zrImatI kusuma jaina sorayA, ema.e., bI.eDa. 46 6. deza ke bauddhika jIvana meM janoM kA yogadAna --DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, jayapura 52 7. syAdvAda yA anekAnta : eka cintana -paMDita varSamAna pA0 zAstrI, siddhAntAcAyaM 55 8. santakavi raidhU aura unakA sAhitya -DA. rAjArAma jaina, ema. e., pI-eca. DI. 56 6. 'jana' harivaMza purANakAlIna bhArata kI sAMskRtika ___jhalaka-DA0 pramacanda jaina, ema.e., pI-eca. DI. 73 vArSika mUlya 6) rupae isa kiraNa kA manya: 1 rupayA 50 paise prakAzaka vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2
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________________ vIra sevA mandira ke nae adhyakSa bhAra jaina dharma aura saMskRti kI sarvatomukhI unnati ke lie prayatnazIla rahanA vaha apanA kartavya mAnate haiN| bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sAhityika aura sAskRtika pravRttiyo ke saMvardhana kA dAyitva unhoMne sAmarthya ke sAtha sabhAlA hai| unase jaina samAja ko hI nahI apita sAre deza ke sAskRtika jIvana ko aneka-aneka prAzAe~ hai| baneTa kolamaina eNDa kampanI ke adhyakSa ke nAte vaha TAimsa grApha iNDiyA, dharmayuga, navabhArata TAimsa, ilasTreTeDa vIkalI tathA anya bImiyo patra-patrikAmo kA saMcAlana karake deza kI bauddhika abhivRddhi ke lie naye mAnadaMDa sthApita kara rahe hai| zro azoka jI ke kucha pramukha pada ceyaramana : beneTa kolamaina eNDa kampanI li. agrejI aura bhAratIya bhASAo meM dainika eva sAvadhika patrikAmoM kI deza kI sabase baDI patrazRkhalA ke prakAzaka / cayaramaina : nyU senTrala jUTa milsa kampanI li0 pI ena.bI. phAinensa li; sAha jaina saviseja li.bhArata nidhi li.| presiDenTa : rohatAma iNDasTrIja li.| DAyarekTara : sAhU jaina li., proriyenTala gaisa ka0 li. presiDenTa : sImenTa mainyUphaikcararsa emosiyezana, prA. i0 mArgenani jezana prApha empalAe / kameTI membara : pheDarezana grApha iNDiyana cembarsa Apha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrIja, iNDiyana cembara prApha kAmarsa / bha0 pU0presiDenTa : iDiyana nezanala kameTI mApha da iMTara. nezanala cembara Apha kAmarsa, iDiyana cembara prApha kAmasaM ; iDiyana pepara milsa esosiyezana; bihAra cembara prApha kAmarsa; bihAra iDasTrIja esosiyezana / adhyakSa evaM mainejiMga TrasTo : mAhU jaina TrasTa, naI dillii| mainejiMga TrasTI : bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillii| sAhU zrI azokakumAra jaina adhyakSa : sAha jana cairiTebala sosaaittii| jana samAja ke agraNI sva0 sAha zAntiprasAda jaina ke jyeSTha adhyakSa : mAha jaina kAleja, najIbAbAda / sapatra zrI azoka kumAra jaina kA janma san 1934 me DAlamiyA. adhyakSa : vIra sevA mandira, dillii| zrI 1008 digambara nagara (bihAra) me hvaa| unhone kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya se jaina atizaya kSetra eva vidyAlaya, papaurA, (TIkamagaDha) ucca zikSA prApta kii| mAtRbhASA hindI ke atirikta agrejI vAisa-presiDenTa : zrI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra konIjI tathA bagalA bhASA kA unhe jJAna hai| jIrNoddhAra mamiti pATana, jabalapura / deza ke samakAlIna sAhitya-sRjana ke vikAsonnayana evaM ceyaramaina : govindaballabha panta bhavana TrasTa, klkttaa| arthazAstra meM unakI sadA se gaharI ruci rahI hai| dRsTI: akhila bhAratIya aNuvrata nyAsa, naI dillii| zrI azoka kumAra jaina me apanI vizeSa bauddhika pratibhA hai govindaballabha panta bhavana TrasTa, kalakattA / jisake kAraNa unhone bhAratIya udyoga jagata me pAnA mahattApUrNa sthAna banA liyA hai| udyogapatiyo kI pradhAna sasthA phaMDarezana zrIgaNeza digambara jaina saskRta mahAvidyAlama, sAgara / pApha iNDiyana cambarsa prApha kAmasaM kI sacAlaka samiti ke sadasya sarakSaka : zrI zaurIpUra baTezvara digambara jaina siddhakSetra vaha varSoM se hai| una pranemamiti ke pratyakSa yA madampa hai jo kameTI, baTezvara, prAgarA; akhila bha ratavarSIya zrI di. prathaM vyavasthA sambandhI vizeSa vizeSa rASTrIya nItiyo kI samIkSA jaina yuvA mahAsamiti, mujaphpharanagara (u0pra0); karatI hai, sarakAra ko sujhAva detI hai aura vibhinna prakAra ke zrI mahAvIra anya ekADamI, jayapura; zrI di. jaina udyogoM kI samasyAmoM ko eka bakendrita rUpa se dekhatI hai| prayodhyA tIrthakSetra kameTI, ayodhyA; zrI kundakunda prazoka jI ko apane smIya pitA zrI sAha zAnti prasAda kahAna dila jaina tIrtha surakSA TrasTa bambaI; zrI gaNeza jI aura mAtA jI zrImatI ramA jaina ke guNa virAsata meM mile haiN| di. jaina saskRta mahAvidyAlaya, sAgara .
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________________ bhom maham nikaannn paramAgamasya bIjaM niSiddhajAtyandhasindharavidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnAM virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam // vIra-sevA-mandira, 21dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 vIra-nirvANa savan 2504 vi0ma0 2034 varSa 31 / kiraNa 2 / prela-jana 1978 zrI mahAvIra-stavana sammati jinapaM sarasijavadanaM, saMjanitAkhila-karmakamathanaM / padmasarovaramadhyagalendra, pAvApuri-mahAvIra-jinendraM / vIra-bhavoda dhipArottAraM, mukti-strii-vdhu-ngr-bihaar| dviAdazakaM tIrtha-pavitraM, jmmaabhipkrt-nirmlgaa| vardhamAna-nAmAkhya-vizAlaM, mAnapramANa-lakSaNa-dazatAlaM / zatruvimanthana-vikaTa bhaTavira, iSTazvaryadhurIkRtadUra / kaMDalapuri-siddhArtha-bhUpAlaM, tatpatnI-priyakAriNI-bAlaM / tatkulanalina-vikAsitahaMsa, cAtapuroghAtika-vidhvaMsaM / jJAnadivAkara-lokAlokaM, nijita-karmArAti-vizokaM / bAlavayassaMyama-sucAlitaM, mohanahAnama-madhana-vinItaM / / .-mAzAdharaH artha -- kamala jaisI mukha zrI vAle jinanAtha sanmati ne samasta karmoM ko pUrNatayA matha ddaalaa| pAvApurI meM padma sarovara ke madhya una mahAvIra jinendra ne nirvANa lAbha kiyA / vaha vIra prabhu saMmArarUpI sAgara se pAra utArane vAle aura mUkti rUpI lakSmIvadhu meM sadA vilAsa karane vAle hai| janmAbhiSaka se hae nirmala deha vAle vaha bhagavAna caubIsave pavitra tIrtha ke kartA haiN| unakA vizAla prAzaya vAlA varSamAna nAma hai aura unake zarIra kA mAna daza tAla hai / kamaM zatruno ke unmUlana meM vaha adbhuna subhaTa vIra hai. aora sAMsArika vaibhava kI dharI ko hI unhoMne apane se dUra kara diyA hai| kuNDalapura ke mahArAja siddhArtha kI dharmapatno priyakAriNI ke vaha lADale putra haiN| unake kularUpI kamala kA vikasita karane ke lie sUrya ke samAna hai tathA samasta ghAta pratighAta ke vizvasaka haiN| apane jJAna sUrya se lokAloka ko prakAzita karake tathA karma zatruno ko parAjita karake vaha vizoka hue haiN| bAlavaya se ho sayama kA samyak pAlana karake tathA moharUpI mahAagni kA zamana karake ukna mAha ko unhoMne vinota banA diyA hai| 000
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________________ nArI aura jIvana-malya : apabhraza jaina sAhitya ke saMdarbha meM sAdhvI sAdhanA jaina, dillI samAja meM nArI kA sthAna yA nahIM, balki yaha bhI ki mokSamArga me nArI kitanI nArI kI sajJA prardhAginI jaina saskRti meM bhI pracalita mAge bar3ha sakatI hai aura kisa prakAra bar3ha sakatI hai, yaha hai| caturvidha saMgha meM zrAvikAoM ko zrAvako ke hI samAna viSaya bhI vivAdagrasta hai| eka vidhAna to yaha hai ki adhikAra prApta hai| dainandina jIvana me bhI nArI kA nArI do tIna janmo ke pazcAt puruSa ke rUpa meM janma kRtya puruSa ke kRtya ke samakakSa hI hotA hai / lakara hI mokSamArga para calatI huI mukta ho sakatI hai aura nArI ke rUpa meM vaha pacama guNasthAna taka hI bar3ha sakatI prAtmika utthAna meM nArI kI sImA hai| isake viparIta jo vidhAna hai usake anusAra nArI pAtmika utthAna meM nArI kinhIM arthoM meM puruSa se tadabhava mokSagAmI ho sakatI hai, use janmAtara ko pratIkSA bhAge rahatI hai| isakA eka mukhya kAraNa samAja ko nahI karanI hotI aura guNasthAnoM ke prArohaNa me bhI vaha vyavasthA aura prakRti kI dena hai / jIvana ke kucha anivArya svatantra hai| kAma kevala puruSa hI kara sakatA hai yA usake dvArA kiye nArI avasthA me mokSa ke pakSa me tarka hai ki janmAtara jAne para hI ve saphala hote hai| isase nArI ko jo samaya kI pratIkSA kiye binA hI nArI mokSa prApta kara sakatI baca rahatA hai usameM vaha prAtmA kI ora unmukha ho letI hai kyoMki nara aura nArI meM zakti, buddhi, cAturya, sAdhanA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dharmAcaraNa aura ghAmika utsavoM prAdi kI dRSTi se aigA koI bhI antara na to prakRti-datta me nAriyoM kI sakhyA puruSoM me kahI adhika hotI hai| hai aura na mamAja-vihita yA zAstra-vihita ho, jo mokSanAriyAM mAtmika utthAna meM svaya to pravRtta hotI hI hai, mArga meM una dono me koI antara DAlatA ho; jo antara pati pora bandhunoM ko bhI usakI preraNA detI hai| tathApi anyatra pradarzita kiye gaye hai ve nirvikAra aura sahRdaya unakI kucha sImAeM hai, isIlie antatogatvA purupa hI bhAva se zUnya pratIta hote hai kyoki puruSa zAstrakAro dvArA isa kSetra me mAge nikala jAtA hai| samAja aura maskRti jaba-taba aise vidhAna prastuta kiye jAte rahe haiM jiname nArI ke viSaya meM jo jaina mahitAeM hai, uname nArI ko ko sImAbaddha, hInatara, akSama prAdi middha kiyA gayA hai| puruSa ke samakakSa hI rakhA gayA hai| vaidika mahitAmo paura zAstro me yadi nArI ko mokSa na ho pAne ke udA. kI bhAti jaina sahitAmo meM nArI kI pUjA kA pratiphala haraNa milate hai to mokSa hone ke udAharaNa unase kahI devatAmoM kA nivAsa ghoSita nahIM kiyA gayA, kintu nArI adhika milate hai| nArI avasthA meM mokSa ke vipakSa me ko kisI bhI dRSTi se hIna yA anadhikRta bhI nahI kahA gyaa| itanA avazya hai ki vairAgya, brahmacarya prAdi ke tarka hai ki nArI tadbhava mokSagAmI nahI hai : kyoki zArIrika saMracanA bhora sAmarthya tathA manobhUmi kI sImAe~ saMdarbha me anya sAsArika vastupoM kI bhAti nArI ko bhI nArI ke sAdhanA ke usa kendra taka pahuMcane me bAdhaka hai, eka bAdhA ke rUpa meM liyA gayA, para yaha bAta vaidika / aura bauddha sahitAno me bhI aisI hI hai| jo bhI ho, yaha jisa taka purupa apekSAkRta saralatA se pahuMca sakatA hai, vicitra bAta hai ki vairAgya brahmacarya Adi ke prasaga me nArI kI mokSa prApti kA niSedha usake tadbhava meM hI puruSa ke lie nArI to bAdhA batAyI gayo para nArI ke to hai, bhavAntara me to nahI, aura vaha niSedha bhI jinhoMne kiyA, ve zAstrakAra svayaM nara the yA nArI yaha to jJAta lie puruSa ko bAdhA ke rUpa me nahI dikhAyA gyaa| nahIM para yaha avazya jJAta hai ki ve rAga-dveSa se pare the, nArIpravasthA meM mokSa kA prazna yadi ve rAga-dveSa se pare na rahe hote to unake isI eka nArI ko ye sImAe' kyA haiM, yaha eka vivAdagrasta vidhAna para hI nahIM anya bhaneka vidhAnoM para bhI bhApatti viSaya hai| yahI nahIM ki nArI mokSa prApta kara sakatI hai uThAyI jAnI cAhie thI; prakRti yA svabhAva se hI nArI
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________________ nArI aura jIvana-mUlya : apabhraMza jaina sAhitya ke saMdarbha meM 35 avasthA aisI hai jisameM parama prakarSa sambhava nahIM, cAhe ya; prazna nahI balki eka prAnuSaMgika prazna hI kahA jAnA puNyAtmaka ho, cAhe pApAtmaka, imoliA to nArI eka cAhie aura phira iA pazna taka pahanane-pahanate jo anya pora to itanA ghora pApa nahI kara sakatI ki vaha saptama prazna ubharate hai. te yadyapi vivAdagrasta nahI tathApi hai naraka kA baMdha kare, dUmarI ora vaha bhAvoM kI zuddhatA ke pratyadhika vicAraNIya / / usa kendra para bhI nahI pahaca sakatI jahA~ mokSa kA dvAra apabhraza ke jaina sAhitya me nArI avasthA meM mokSa unmukta hotA hai| jahAM taka prAgama granthoM meM nArI-mokSa ke udAharaNa adRzya haiM kyoki vaha adhikatara digambara ke udAharaNoM kA prazna hai ve tathA kucha anya saiddhAntika sAhityakAro kI dena hai| mAnyatAe~ hI to vaha kAraNa hai jisase una pAgama grantho nArI zikSA ko eka samUcA varga amAnya karatA hai| zikSA kA pracAra jaina samAja meM prAcIna kAla me rahA nArI kI mokSa-prApti ke viSaya meM uparyukta tarka-vitarka hai| kanyAoM ke lie lalita va lAnoM kI zikSA kA vizeSa kA vizleSaNa atyanta mahaja paura taTastha bhAva kI apekSA prAvadhAna thaa| ve natya sagIta, vAdya prAdi me na kevala pAraMgata rakhatA hai| isameM sandeha nahI ki nArI-zarIra kI maMracanA hotI thIM pratyuta Tamako pratiyogitAeM bhI prAyojita purupa zarIra meM kucha aimI bhinna hai ki vaha dussAdhya mAdhanA karatI thii| ye pratiyogitAeM moddezya kI hotI thii| prAdi ke lie anukUla nahIM dikhatI, tathApi jIvamAtra meM kAzmIra kI rAjakumArI tribhavanati ne nAgakumAra kA smaan| ke hAmI midvAnta me mAnavamAtra kI samAnatA varaNa imalie kiyA ki vaha umame vINA-bAvana ma parAjita kA thor3A bhI prabhAva tarkasaMgata pratIta nahI hotaa| ho gyii| nAgakumAra kA eka anya vivAha mepura kI nArI pora puruSa kI ima asamAnatA ke mUla me jo gajakUmArI nilakAmandarI se imalie humA ki ugane nRtya taka chipA hai vaha vastutaH kisI aura hI mAnyatA se me umake padacApa ge milA kara apanA mRdaga bajAkara use sambandha rakhatA hai, yaha mAnyatA to usa mAnyatA ke phala- niruttara kara diyaa| ujjayinI ke rAjA prajApAlana svarUpa hI astitva meM pAyI dikhatI hai| vaha mAnyatA hai apanI guNavatI kanyA surasundarI ko par3hAne ke lie eka mavastra mokSa ke prabhAva kii| parigrahake prabhAva ko parAkASThA dvijavara ke pAma bhanA aura indrANI ko jItane vAlI ke rUpa jo nagnatA pAtI hai vaha mokSa kA eka anivArya dUsarI kanyA madanasundarI ko bhI isI uddezya se eka kAraNa hai, aigI digambara jana mAnyatA hai zvetAmbara jaina munivara ke pAsa le jAne kA prAdeza diyaa| guramundarI mAnyatA me nagnatA zabda ke badale acalatva zabda kA prayoga isa prakAra par3hatI ki nagake sAmane koI bhI vidvAna uttara hupA hai / acela zabda ke do artha sambhava haiM, vastra kA nahI de pAtA / vaha itanI niSNAta ho gayI jitanA dRr3haprabhAva aura vastra kI yathAmAdhya alptaa| inameM se dUsare pratijJa praura atyanta buddhimAna vyakti niSNAta ho jAtA artha ke prAdhAra se zvetAmbara jaina mAnyatA nArI kI mokSa- hai| uma- vyAkaraNa, chanda prora nATaka samajha liye| prApti kA aAdhAra letI hai / tAtparya yaha ki nArI kI mokSa- nighaNTu tarkazAstra aura lakSaNazAstra mamajha liyA aura prApti ke pakSa yA vipakSa meM aura jitane bhI tarka diye jAte amarakopa tathA alakAra zobhA bhI / usane nismIma hai ve yA to prAnuSaMgika hote haiM yA sAmayika yA mApekSaH prAgama aura jyotiSa grantha bhI samajha liye| makhya vastuta: eka hI taka aisA hai jo vicAraNIya hai| vaha tarka bahattara kalAye bhI usane jAna lIM / usI prakAra hai nagnatA kA aura vaha tarka cUki eka alaga hI mAnyatA se caurAsI khaNDa-vijJAna bhii| phira usane gAthA, dohA aura jar3A hai, isalie nArI kI mokSa prApti kA prazna eka maulika chappaya kA svarUpa jAna liyaa| usane caurAmI banyo kA 1 puSpadanta . NAyakumAracariu, naI dillI, 1672, 1083, sa0 5, 106 / 2 puSpadanta : pUrvokta, pR0135, sa. 8, k08| 3. narasena : sirivAlacariu, naI dillI, 1974, pR0 7, sa0 1, ka. 5 /
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________________ 36, varSa 31, ki.2 anekAnta svarUpa jAna liyA tathA chattIsa rAga aura sattara svaroM nArI ke prati jina prAkrozAtmaka zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA ko bhI / pAMca zabdoM aura cauMsaTha kalAnoM ko bhI jAna gayA hai unakI pAtra vaha usa sImA taka nizcita hI nahIM liyaa| phira gIta nRtya aura prAkRta kAvya ko bhI jAna rahI; itanA avazya hai ki puruSa kI bhAti nArI ne bhI liyaa| usane saba zAstra aura purANa jAna liye / anta me jaba taba prapanI vihita sImAyo kA ullaMghana kiyA / chaha bhASAe aura SaDdarzana bhI jAna liye / chiyAnave vivAha saMskAra ke anupAlana ke udAharaNa to adhikAza sampradAyoM ko bhI usane jAna liyaa| usane sAmUhika hai kintu bahuta se udArahaNa aise bhI hai jiname yA to zAstra ke lakSaNoM ko bhI zIghra samajha liyaa| usane caudaha vivAha saMskAra kA upahAsa kiyA gayA yA use eka vidyAno ko par3ha-guna liyaa| pauSadhiyo mora bhAvI ghaTanApo khilavAha banA liyA gyaa| prAzcarya taba hotA hai jaba ke samUha kA bhI jJAna use ho gyaa| chiyAnave vyAdhiyA vaha nAgakumAra, zrIpAla, karakaDa Adi jaise asAdhAraNa puNya ugaliyoM para ginA sakatI thii| bahuta se dezo kI mukhya puruSoM ne jaba, jahA~ aura jaise mana pAyA taba vahA, vaise bhASAeM usane sIkha liiN| umane aThAraha lipiyAM bhI jAna hI kaI-kaI kanyAno se vivAha raca DAle, aura viDambanA lii| nau rasoM aura cAra vargoM ko usane jAna liyaa| yaha ki jaba-jaise mana pAyA taba-vase unheM unhI ke hAla jina zAsana ke panamAra umane caritra aura nirvada liyaa| para chor3akara cala pdde| jisa para mAmakti haI vaha cAhe dassaha rati aura kAmArtha meM use kauna jIta sakatA hai ? vivAhitA rahI ho cAhe avivAhitA use prApta karane ke usane ma Naka muni ke pAsa jIvoM ke aTThAnave samAso lie yuddha kiye, apaharaNa kiye, balAtkAra kiye, yahA~ taka * kA adhyayana kiyaa| samAdhigupta muni ke pAsa usane ina vi hatyAye bhI kii| isase bhI adhika vicAraNIya sthiti samasta zAstrI ko acchI taraha jAna liyaa| taba bana par3atI hai jaba apanI navoDhAyo taka ko, kabhI kabhI to hajAroM patniyo ko yoM hI chor3a kara ve dIkSA le vivAhita jIvana kA mUlyAMkana lete / udAharaNa ke rUpa me mahasragati', nAgakumAra', zrIpAla', brahmacarya kI mahimA jaina prAcAra sahitAno meM mAmUla- karakaDa' prAdi ullekhanIya hai| cUta vidyamAna hai / vizeSa rUpa se nAriyo ko isake upadeza aise kArya samrATa se lekara janamAdhAraNa taka meM hote kA pAtra banAyA gyaa| purupo ko brahmacarya ke jo upadeza the| iname zreNika, cilAtapUtra', hayagrIva', siMha nAmaka diye gaye unameM bhI nArI ko isa vrata ke pAlana meM sabase bhilla rAjA, madhurApurI ke eka rAjA", ratnazekhara" bar3I bAdhA ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gyaa| isa prasaga me nAmaka tathA manovega12 nAmaka vidyAdhara, dhavala seTha 1. narasena : pUrvokta, pR0 7-8, sa0 1, k07| 8 vibuha sirihara : vaDhamANacariu, naI dillI 1675, 2. svayabhU : paumacariu, naI dillI, 1675, pR0 pR085-61, sa04, ka0 5 / 241, sa0 15, 506 / ___6. puSpadanta : pUrvokta, pR0 66, sa05, ka. 4 // 3. puSpadanta . pUrvokta, pR0 241, sa06, ka0 24 / 10. puSpadanta : NAyakumAra cariu, naI dillI, 1962, 4. narasana pUrvotta, pR0 185, sa0 2, ka0 36 / pR073-77, sa0 5, ka02) 5. kana kAmara : karakaNDacariu, naI dillI, 1964, 11. vIra kavi : jambUmAmi cariu, naI dillI, 1968 pR0 157, sa0 10, ka0 23 / pR. 63-64, sa0 5, ka0 3 / / 6. puSpadanta : vIrajiNidacariu, naI dillI 1974. 12. puSpadanta * vIrajiNidacariu, naI dillI, 1974. pR0 65, sa0 5, ka. 2 / pR0 67, sa. 5, ka. 3 / 7. uparyukta, pR0 76, sa06, 04 / 13. narasena : pUrvokta, pR0 36-45, sa0 1, ka0 38.44 /
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________________ nArI aura jIvana-mUlya : papabhraMza jana sAhitya ke saMdarbha meM 37 prAdi ke nAma ullekhanIya hai| dUsarI ora jisa para adhikAMza vivAhoM kA nirvAha prAjIvana humA, yaha prAsakti haI ume prApta karane ke lie nAriyoM ne bhI yuddh| taba vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya ho jAtA hai jaba eka hI karavAye, apaharaNa karAye, pati ke zatru taka kA varaNa vyakti ne eka sAtha saikar3oM yA hajAroM kanyAmoM se vivAha karanA cAhA aura pati taka kI hatyA kI / aise udAharaNa kiyA ho| bhUmitilaka nAmaka nagara ke rAjA rakSa rAja hai surasundara nAmaka gandharva kI chaha hajAra kanyAera, kI 500 kanyAmo ko bandIgRha se mukta karAkara nAga vArANasI ke rAjA lokapAla kI ganI vibhramA5, nala- kumAra ne unase vivAha kiyaa| megharava parvata para pahuMcane kubera kI rAnI uparambhA", yazodhara kI rAnI amRtamatI para rAvaNa ne eka bAvar3I meM snAna karatI gandharvarAja prAdi / surasundara kI chaha hajAra kanyAmoM kA tatkAla varaNa kiyA kyoMki ve usake rUpa-yauvana para mohita ho gayI nArI puruSa ke sambandho yA yauna jIvana meM uparyukta thii| kuNDalapura ke rAjA makaraketu kI eka so putriyo kI viSamatApro ke atirikta kucha aura vikRtiyoM bhI pAyI pratijJA thI ki nagAr3A bajAkara tathA dUsare prakAra kintu una saba se adhika, aise udAharaNa milate hai jinama ke hAva vibhAva se una para vijaya pAne vAlA hI unakA yauna jIvana ke svastha aura zAstra-vihita pakSa kA boya varaNa karegA", zrIpAla isameM saphala huaa| yahI zrIpAla hotA hai| mAnava jIvana kA yaha pakSa vivAha-saskAra se kokapadvIpa nagara ke rAjA yazorA zivijaya ko solaha mukhyatayA jur3A hai / vivAho ke jo udAharaNa apabhraMza ke sau kanyAnoM ke mamasyAmUlaka prazno ke uttara dekara bhI jaina sAhitya ma milate hai uname aura vivAho ke zAstrIya usa sabhI ke dvArA varaNa kiyA jAtA hai| isa saba ke bheda-prabhedoM meM cAhe antara dikhAyI par3e para ve adhikAza atirikta bhI usane kacanapura ke rAjA vajrasena kI eka yugAnukala the aura Aja bhI anukaraNIya hai| puSpAttara sau rAjakumAriyo se bhI vivAha kiyA / paca pANDavo ke vidyAdhara kI putrI kamalAvatI aura lakA ke rAjA zrI. supradeza me do hajAra, mallivADa me sAta sau, telaga deza kaNTha kA", mathurA ke rAjA pANDya rAja kI putrI kAmarati meM eka hajAra, saurASTra kI pAca sau, mahArASTra kI pAMca aura uttara mathurA ke rAjA jayavarma ke putra vyAna bhaTa so, gujarAta kI cAra sau aura mevAr3a kI nau sau kanyAmo kA", apane mAmA kI putrI guNavatI" se nAga kumAra kA kA bhI varaNa kiyaa| apabhraMza sAhitya meM bahu-vivAha tathA nArAyaNa tripRSTha ke putra zrIvijaya kA apane bahanoI ke ina udAharaNo ke atirikta bhI aneka vicArottejaka paura prakIti ke putra amita teja kI bahina sUtAra se udAharaNa milate hai / rAniyoM kI ye sakhyAe jo vivAha hue ve aise haiN| vivAha the| draSTavya hai| cakravartI bharata kI chiyAnave hajAra, cakravartI 14. svayaMbhU : pR0 163-65, sa0 10, ka0 5.6 / 21 vibuha sihira : pUrvokta, pR0 147-146, sa0 6, 15. vIra : pUrvokta, pR. 206.207, sa0 10, ka. k06| 20. puSpadanta : pUrvota, pR0 136, sa. 8, ka0 13. 16. svayaMbhU : pUrvokta, pR0 245, sa0 15, ka0 11 / 17. puSpadanta : jasaharacArau, naI dillI 1672, pR0 23. svayabhU : pUrvokta, pR0 163, sa0 10 k05| 56.61, sa0 2, ka0 24 / 24. narasena : pUrvokta, pR0 56, sa. 2, ka 86 / 18. svayabhU : pUrvokta,pR0 16-101, sa06, ka. 2-4 / 25. narasena : pUrvokta, pR. 56, sa0 2, ka. 8.6 / 16. puSpadanta : NAyakumAracariu, naI dillI, 1972, 26. narasena . pUrvokta, pR061.63, sa0 2, 11-12 / pR0 126, sa0 8, ka. 2-4 / 27. narasena : pUrvokta, pR065, sa02, ka. 1213 / 20. upayukta pR0 116, sa07, ke 06 / 28. svayabhU: pUrvokta, pa061, sa0 4, ka. 13 /
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________________ 38. varSa 31, ki0 2 bhanekAnta priyadatta kI chiyAnave hajAra", zrIpAla kInaThAraha hajAra", anukaraNIya udAharaNa hai| pati kA mAdeza na mAnane para vAsudeva tripRSTha kI solaha hajAra", rAvaNa kI aThAraha pRthvI devI ko apane samasta dhana se hAtha dhonA par3atA hai| hajAra", sahasragati kI sahasrAdhika", nAgakumAra kI saha- to eka zabarI apane pati ko eka muni kA vadha karane se srAdhika", karakaNDa kI sahasrAdhika rAniyA" thii| roka letI hai| pravAsa para jAte zrIpAla kA dAmana pakar3a pati-patnI sambandha kara manAsundarI kahatI hai ki pahale kise chor3eM / apane prANa yA tumhArA dAmana", samApanna pati-viraha se pati-patnI sambandho kA citraNa apabhraMza sAhitya meM ukI jo akulAhaTa ima vAkya dvArA vyakta hotI hai. usa sahaja aura vyApaka rUpa meM nahI humA, jisa rUpa ge grAja vaha kAvyamAtra kI vastu nahI mAnI jA sktii| ke sAhitya me ho rahA hai| manovizleSaNa aura caritra-citraNa kA prAyaH prabhAva kevala apamraza hI nahI, prAkRta, saMskRta, viraha-varNana aura jIvana-mUlya purAnI hindI aura anya purAnI bhASAmo meM bhI rahA hai| viraha, vizeSata patnI yA premikA kA kAvya me eka phira bhI pati-patnI sambandha kI kucha jhAkiyA~ zocanIya atyanta vyApaka viSaya rahA hai kintu vaha sadA hI jIvanamilatI hai to adhikAMza anukaraNIya paura vicAraNIya bhii| mUlyoM kA sahagAmI rahA hai| viraha se vyAkUla aura kSINa rAjA yazovara kI rAnI amatamatI kA eka kubar3e para", nArI ke mukha se nikalI gAliyA aura karAheM usake rAjA nalakabara kI ganI uparambhA kA rAvaNa para", grAntarika vicAro aura anubhUti kI hInAdhikatA kI vArANamI ke rAjA lokapAla kI rAnI vibhramA" kA eka dyotaka hai| yahI dyogana jIvana-mUlyo ke nirdhAraNa meM sahAyaka sanAra para mAsakta honA pravAchanIya hai tA pativrata yA pati banatA hai| dUsarI pAra dhyAna dena kI bAta yaha hai ki viraha sevA ke deta sItA kA rAma ke sAtha 14 varSa kA vanavAga kI vyAkulatA aura asahya vedanA striyo ke matthe adhika maDhI ajanA kA vivAha ke turanta pazcAt apane pati pavana jaya gapI hai| prema ke vega kI mAtrA striyo me adhika dikhAyI se bAraha varSa kA viyoga40, aura sUrya mena kI patniyo gayI hai| nAyaka ka. dina-dina kSINa hone, virahatApa ma jayabhadrA, subhadrA, dhAriNI aura yazAmatI dvArA apane bhasma hone, sUkhakara ThaTharI hone ke varNana meM kaviyoM kA pati ke saikaDo vyAdhiyo se grasta aura atyAcArI hone para jI utanA nahI lagA hai| bAta yaha hai ki striyoM kI bhI unakI mavinaya sevA", manAsundarI dvArA eka kor3hI ke zRgAra ceSTA varNana karane me puruSo ko jo mAnaMda pAtA sAtha vivAhita hokara bhI use kor3ha se mukta kara lenA prAdi hai vaha puruSo kI dazA varNana karane meM nahI, isI se striyo 26. vivaha sirihara / pUrvAvata, naI dillI, 1655, pR0 38 vIra : pUrvokta, pR0 207, sa0 10, ka0 15 / 183, sa0 8. ka0 5 / 36. svayabhU : pUrvokta, pR0 36, kha0 2, sa0 23, ka06 / 30. nasena : pUrvotata, pR0 67, sa0 2, ka0 15 / 40. svayabhU : pUrvokta, pR0 266, kha 1, sa 18, ka. 6 / 31. vibuha mirihara : pUrvokta, pR. 143, rA0 6. ka. 0 2 / 41. narasena : pUvokta, pR0 17.21, sa0 1 ka. 32. svayam . parvovata, pR0 355, kha0 2, sa0 41, 30 / 11 / 42 puSpadanta : NAyakumAracariu, naI dillI 1972, 33. svayabhU : pUrvokta, pR0 227, 50 1, sa0 10, 5 8 pR0 46, ma0 3, ka0 11 / 34. puSpadanna : pUrvovata, 0 171, sa0 6, 023 / / 35. kana kAmara . pUrvovana, pR0 156, ma0 10 ke0 24 / / 43 vIra : pUrvokta, pR0 54 55, sa0 3 ka. 10.11 / 26. padamta sahara , dillI, 1972, pR08. puranta vArajiNidacariu, naI dillI, 1974. 43, rA0 2, ka0 78 / pR0 5, sa0 prathama, ka. 3 / 67 svayaMbhU . pUkti , pR. 245, rA. 15, ka0 11 / 45. narasana . pUrvokta, pR0 25, sa0 prathama, ka. 23 /
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________________ nArI aura jIvana-masya : apabhraMzana sAhitya ke saMdarbha meM ke viraha kA varNana hindI kAvya kA eka pradhAna aMga hI bana usakI isa pravRtti ke kaI udAharaNa prapadaMza sAhitya meM gyaa| Rtu-varNana to kevala isI kI badaulata raha gyaa|" milate hai / rAjA jayandhara kI eka rAnI pRthvIdevI, apabhraMza meM viraha ke prasaga uThAye gaye hai aura sandezarAsaka dUsarI rAnI vizAlanetrA para rAjA kA vizeSa prema dekhakara to eka bAra kAlidAsa ke meghadUta, RtusaMhAra Adi ke jina-dIkSA ko udyata ho jAtI hai| dUsarI pora apane samIpa hI jA par3atA hai| jahA~ taka nakha-zikha' ke varNana putra ke pAsa jA rahI pRthvI devI para vizAlanetrA parakA prazna hai vaha apabhraza meM bhI paryApta milatA hai aura puruSa gamana kA Aropa lagAtI hai| apanI putrI kI bhAMti usame yadA-kadA maulikatA bhI dImva jAtI hai, kintu jIvana- candanA kI rakSA karate seTha vRSabhadatta se kucha na kahakara mUlyo ko vaha kama hI prabhAvita karatA hai| usakI seThAnI candanA para ghora atyAcAra karatI hai| seTha jinadatta kI navoDhA apanI sapatnI kI yuvatI kanyA sAsa-bahU sambandha tila kamatI se prabala ISya karatI hai| parijanoM ke prati sAsa-bahU ke sambandha anumAnataH prAja jaise hI prA- sahaja aura saumya vyavahAra ke madhya nAriyoM meM IrSyA, bhraMza kAla me bhI ho rahe hoMge para eka sthAna para sAso jaldabAjI prAdi kI bhI kucha pravRttiyAM dikha jAtI hai| kI bahata kTa pAlocanA kI gayI hai : 'binA parIkSA seTha jinadatta kI patnI sautelI putrI tilakamatI para isakiye koI kAma nahIM karanA cAhie, sAmeM bahuta burI lie bhI atyAcAra karatI thI ki use vivAhecchara hotI hai, ve mahAsatiyo ko bhI doSa lagA detI hai| jisa makI apanI putrI tejamatI kI apekSA adhika pasanda karate prakAra sakavi kI kathA ke lie duSTa kI mati aura the| sasurAla se nikAla dI gayI pavanaMjaya kI palI kamalinI ke lie himaghana, ugI prakAra apanI bahanoM aMjanA sarvathA nirdoSa hone para bhI apane mAtA-pitA dvArA ke lie duSTa mAse svabhAva se zatra hotI hai| logo meM bhI ThakarA dI jAtI hai| yaha prasiddha hai ki sAmoM aura bahumo kA eka dUgare ke prati apabhraza meM jaba bhI sAmAjika kAryo, samAroha, vara anAdi nibaddha hai|' uthala-puthala prAdi ke prasaga pAye tabhI nArI ko samAna rUpa se bhAga lete dikhAyA gayA hai| paradeza, yuddha prAdi parijanoM, sauta Adi ke madhya nArI ke lie prasthAna karate hue pati ko protsAhita karanA" nArI apanI sapalI yA sapatniyoM ke prati zakAlu usakI dhArmika pravRttiyo me sahayoga aura mArgadarzana", aura prasahiSNa kadAcit prAdi-kAla se rahI hogii| tIrthaMkara ke samavasaraNa meM pahucanA, tIrthayAtrA", bana1 zukla : AcArya rAmacandra : jAyasI granthAvalI 8. udaya candra . pUrvokta, pR0 16, sa0 2, ka0 2 / (bhUmikA), kAzI, pR0 125.126 / 6 svayabhU : pUrvokta, pR0 307-306, sa0 16, ka. 2. abdura rahamANa : sandeza rAsaka, pR0 150-151, dvi0 4-5 / gAthA 33-36 / 11. (ka) vIra : uparyukA, pR0 117, sa. 6, ka. 3 / 3. svayaMbhU : pUrvoksa, pR0 307, sa. 16, ka. 4.5 / (kha) svaya bhU : pUrvokta, kha. 4. pa. 36 43, sa. 56, 4 puSpadanta : NAyakumAracariu, naI dillI, 1972, ka. 3-5 / pR0 21.23, sa0 2, ka. 23 / 11. vIra : uparyA ,pR. 36.40, sa. 2, ka. 1716 / 5. uparyukta, pR0 45, sa. 3 0 8 / 12. (ka) vIra * pUrvokta, pR. 56-58, ma. 3, ka.12-13 6. puSpadanta : vIrajiNidacariu, naI dillI, 1674, (kha) vibuha sirihara . pUrvokta, pR. 165, sa. 7, ka 5 / pR071, sa05, ka. 4-5 / (ga) svayaMbhU : pUrvokta, pR. 15, sa0 1, k08| 7. udayacandra : sugandhadazamI kathA, naI dillI, 1966, (gha) svayabha : pUrvovata, sa. 4, pR. 279-283, sa. 72, pR0 18, sa0 2, ka. 2 / k.5-7|
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________________ 40, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta vihAra'.basantotsava', jala-krIDA, prAdime sammalita honA agresara dikhAyA gayA hai| nAriyoM kI yaha pravRtti kucha nArI ke sAdhAraNa kArya the| ina aura aise hI anya kAryoM prakRti aura kucha paristhitiyo ke kAraNa apekSAkRta ke citraNa me apabhraMza sAhityakAro ne bhI pracalita prmpr| adhika hI rahI hai aura isakA citraNa mI samasta bhAratIya kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| isa viSaya me unakI kucha sAhitya me samAna rUpa se huA hai| apamraza ke sAhityamaulikatA yadi hogI to vaha kAvyagata hI hogI, jIvana- kAroM ne bhI isake aneka udAharaNa sajoye hai| nAriyoM mUlyo kI dRSTi se vaha ullekhanIya nahI dikhtii| ne eka ora to kramaza. abhyAsa karate hue yathAvidhi jina dIkSA grahaNa kI, dUsarI pora samaya-samaya para parvAgadhana, rAjanIti aura nArI tapazcaraNa, mAgha-bhakti, devatArAdhana prAdi me bhI ekAkI pabhraza meM nArI ke rAjanItika pakSa para adhika prakAza yA sAmUhika rUpa se bhAga liyaa| isa sabame jo nahI pddtaa| sAdhAraNataH, yahA~ bhI nArI ke kAraNa yuddha vicAraNIya viSaya hai vaha hai ina pravRtiyoM ke mUla meM sonikhAye gaye hai| kaikeyI kA rAjanIti meM prasiddha vidyamAna yA avidyamAna viveka / vastutaH hotA yaha thA hastakSepa' prasagavaza paumacariu bhI me ayA hai| vizAkhabhUti ki bhAvanA ke eka kSaNika pAvega meM prAkara puruSoM kI hI kI patnI ne apane putra ke lie vizvanandI se nandana vana bhAti nAriyA bhI dIkSA ke lie cala paratI thii| pati ke chInane kA prAgraha karake eka rAjanItika sapaM ko janma sAtha usakI sahasrAdhika nAriyo ke dIkSita hone ke pIche diyaa| rAjakumAra nAgakUmAra para rAjA jayandhara ne nagara viveka kI sambhAvanA nagaNya hI ho sakatI hai| vipattiyo paribhramaNa para isalie roka lagA dI kyoki nagara kI me vairAgya mahaja sambhava hai para usakI pariNati dIkSA me yavatiyA~ usa para mohita ho jAyA karatI thI; isa roka hI honI, anivArya nhii| dIkSA kI mAnasika taiyArI, para Apatti kara ke rAjakumAra kI mAtA pRthvIdevI ne eka pUrvAbhyAsa prAdi ke spaSTa vidhAna hai aura ve kaThora tathA rAjanItika sAmAjika uthala-puthala paidA kara dii| vajrA- anivArya bhI hai, jinakA apavAda kevala aise virala kRtI yA kI kanyA laMkAsUndarI ne hanumAna sa bhISaNa yuddha mo TA hI na karake raNa-kuzalatA kA paricaya diyaa| se munipada ke pUrvAbhyAsa me vyatIta huA hotA hai| dUsarI mora, rAjasI rAga raga me prAkaNTha DUbI huI hajAroM dharmapAlana aura vratAcaraNa rAniyAM uThakara vana kI ora cala par3e', vaha bhI nAriyoM ko sAdhAraNataH dharma-bhIru, vrata-upavAsa me acAnaka hI virakta ho rahe apane pati ke sAtha prAMkheM tatpara, deva-deviyo aura sAdhu-sAdhviyo kI pArAdhanA meM (zeSa pRSTha 47 para) (ca) narasena . pUrvokta, pR. 37, sa. 1, ka. 36 / (cha) narasena vahI, pR. 77, sa. 2, ka. 26 / / 1 vibaha sirihara : parvokta, pa 11, sa 1, ka 8 / 2 (ka) vIra : pUrvokta, pa. 56-57, sa. 3, ka 12 13 / (kha) vIra : pUrvokta, 78.84, sa 4, ka 16-16 / (ga) udayacandra : pUrvokta, sa. 1. ka. 3.4 / (gha) svayabha : pUrvokta, vaM. 4, pR. 247-253 sa. 71, ka. 1.4 / (Da) upapana, ga / 2. pR 67 66, ga. 26, ka. 5-7 / 3 (ka) upayukta. kha 1 pR. 63, na 1, ka. 14 / (kha) uparyukta, gva. 1, pR. 221-227, sa. 14, ka. 38 / (ga) uparyukta, khaM. 1, pR. 107, ma. 26, ka. 14 15 / (gha) uparyukta, kha. 5, pR. 115, sa. 76, ka 11 / 4. upayukta, pR0 27, kha. 2. sa. 22, ka. 8 / 5. vivuha mirihara : uparyukta, pR. 53, sa. 3, ka. 6 / 6 papadanta : NAyakumAracariu, naI dillI 1672, pR 47 sa. 10,6 / 7 svayaMbhU : pUrvozta pR. 101-710, kha. 3, sa. 48, 8 uparyukta : pR0 87, kha. 5, sa. 78, ka. 5 /
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________________ devapUjA aura usakA mAhAmtya pro0 udayacandra jaina, ema. e., jainadharma hI nahIM kintu anya bhAratIya dharmoM meM bhI proH dhAvaka donoM ke lie samAna rUpa se prAvazyaka hai| prAcInakAla se hI pUjA kA viziSTa sthAna rahA hai| sAtha sAdhu ukta prakAra kA kRtikarma karake devapUjA hI karatA hI pUjya kA svarUpa, pUjA kI vidhi aura usake uddezya meM hai| yaha bAta pRthaka hai ki aparigrahI hone ke kAraNa sAdhu bhinnatA bhI rahI hai, jo ki apane-apane dharma ke anusAra kRtikarma karate samaya prakSata prAvi dravya kA upayoga nahIM svAbhAvika hai| jaba hama jainadharma meM pUjA ke viSaya me karatA hai aura gahastha kRtikarma karate samaya akSata prAdi vicAra karate hai to hama dekhate hai ki isa dharma ke do mukhya sAmagrI kA bhI upayoga karatA hai| stambha hai-muni aura gRhastha; aura devapUjA donoM kA yathArtha bAta yaha hai ki pUjA do prakAra se kI jAtI hI prAvazyaka kartavya hai| yaha abazya hai ki dono kI hai- dravya aura bhAva se| sAdhu jo pUjA karatA hai vaha pUjA karane kI vidhi bhinna-bhinna hai| bhAva pUjA hai| mUlAcAra me yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki devadevapUjA kA prAcIna rUpa pUjA apane vibhava ke anusAra karanI caahie| isa kathana kA tAtparya gRhastha ke dvArA kI gaI dravya pUjA se hai| kRtikarma devapUjA ke abhiprAya ko prakaTa karane vAlA mUlAcAra kI TIkA meM prAcArya vasunandI ne kahA hai ki eka prAcIna zabda hai| yaha eka vyApaka zabda hai jisame jinendra deva kI pUjA ke lie prakSana, gandha, dhUpa mAdi devapUjA ke atirikta kucha anya bAteM bhI samAviSTa haiN| jisa sAmagrI kA upayoga kiyA jAya use prAsuka aura kRtikarma muni aura gRhastha dono kA prAvazyaka kartavya hai| nidoSa honA caahie| bhojana grahaNa, gamanAgamana prAdi kriyAnoM meM pravRtti karate prAcArya amitagati ne apane zrAvakAcAra meM pUjA ke samaya lage hue doSoM kA parimArjana karane ke lie sAghu . do bheda karake unakA lakSaNa isa prakAra batalAyA hai :ko kRtikarma karanA caahie| gRhastha kI pravRtti to baco vigrahasaMkoco dravyapUjA nigdyte|| nirantara sadoSa rahatI hI hai| ata: use bhI kRtikarma tatra mAnasasakoco bhAvapUjA purAtanai / karanA prAvazyaka hai| mUlAcAra ke SaDAvazyakAdhikAra me gandhaprasUnamAnnAhya dIpaghapAkSatAdibhiH / pUjAkarma ko kRtikarma kA paryAyavAcI kahA gayA hai| kiyamANA'thavA jJeyA dravyapUjA vidhAnataH / / kRtikarma ke paryAyavAcI anya do nAma haiM citikarma aura vinayakarma / kRtikarma kA artha nityakaraNIya kameM bhI kiyA vyApakAnA vizuddhAnAM jinAnAmanurAgataH / guNAnAM yadanudhyAnaM bhAvapUjeyamucyate // jA sakatA hai / muni ke 28 mUla guNo me 6 aAvazyaka arthAt pUrvAcAryoM ke anusAra vacana aura zarIra kI kriyA batalAye gaye haiM jinake nAma isa prakAra haiM-sAmAyika, ko rokane kA nAma dravyapUjA hai aura mana kI kriyA ko catuvizatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura rokane kA nAma bhAvapUjA hai / kintu svayaM amitagati ke kAyotsarga / SaTkhaNDAgama me batalAyA gayA hai ki kRtikarma matAnusAra gandha, puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa aura akSata tInoM sandhyA kAloM me karanA cAhie / tInoM samdhyA kAlo prAdi se pUjA karane kA nAma dravyapUjA hai aura jinendra me jo kRtikama kiyA jAtA hai usame sAmAyika, catu. ke guNo ke cintana karane kA nAma bhAvapUjA hai| vizatistava aura bandanA ina tIno kI mukhyatA rahatI hai| prAcArya jinasena ne mahApurANa ke 38veM parva ke pAtInoM sandhyAkAloM meM kiyA jAne vAlA kRtikarma sAdhu rambha meM
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________________ 42, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta ijyAM vAtAM ca datti ca svAdhyAya saMyamaM tpH| jinendra deva kA guNAnuvAda karate hue abhiSeka vidhi zrutopAsakasUtratvAt sa tebhyaH samupAdizat / / kI prastAvanA karanA prastAvanA hai| pITha ke cAro koNoM isa loka dvArA SaTakama -ijyA, vArtA, dAna, svAdhyAya, para jala se bhare hue cAra kalazoM kI sthApanA karanA parA. saMyama aura tapa kA varNana karate hue pUjA ke cAra bheda kama ho karma hai| pITha para yathAvidhi jinendradeva ko sthApita karanA batalAye haiM sthApanA hai| ye jinendradeva hai, yaha pITha meruparvata hai, jala proktA pUjArhatAmijyA sA caturdhA sadArcanam / se pUrNa ye kalaza kSIrodadhi se pUrNa kalaza hai aura maiM indra caturmukhamahaH kalpadrumAzcASTAhniko'pi ca // hU jo isa samaya abhiSeka ke lie udyata hA haM, aisA vicAra karanA sannidhApana hai| abhiSeka ke bAda praSTadravya nityapUjA, caturmukhapUjA, kalpadrumapUnA aura praassttaahnikpuujaa| ye saba dravya pUjA ke hI prakAra hai| pratidina se pUjA karanA pUjA hai, aura sabake kalyANa kI bhAvanA apane ghara se gandha, puSpa, akSata ityAdi le jAkara karanA pUjA kA phala hai| jinAlaya meM zrI jinendradeva kI pUjA karanA sadArcana prAcArya vasunandI ne pUjA ke 6 bheda batalAye haiarthAt nitya pUjA hai| mahA mukUTabaddha rAjApo ke dvArA NAmaTUvaNAdabve khitaM kAle viyANa bhAve ya / jo pUjA kI jAtI hai use caturmukha pUjA kahate hai| cakra chavihayA bhaNiyA samAsa u jiNavari dehi / / vartI rAjApo ke dvArA kimicchika dAnapUrvaka jo pUjA kI arthAt, nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva yaha jAtI hai vaha kalpadruma pUjA hai aura prASTAhnika parva meM chaha prakAra kI pUjA jinendra bhagavAn ne sakSepa me kahI hai| mahanta prAdi kA nAma uccAraNa karake zuddha sthAna me jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha pASTAhnika pUjA hai| isase pUrva ke upalabdha sAhitya meM pUjA ke bheda nahI milate hai| puSpa kSepaNa karanA nAmapUjA hai| sadbhAva aura prasadbhAva prAcArya somadeva ne pUjA ke koI bheda nahI btlaaye| ke bheda se do prakAra kI sthApanA hotI hai| sAkAra vastu kintu pUjako ke do bheda avazya batalAye hai-eka puSpAdi me bhagavAn ke guNo kA prAropaNa karanA sadbhAva sthApanA meM pUjA kI sthApanA karake pUjana karane vAle aura dUsare hai| prakSata, kamala ke bIja yA kisI puSpa meM yaha maMkalpa hai| pratimA (mUrti) kA avalambana lekara pUjana karane vaale| karanA ki yaha amuka deva hai aura vaisA uccAraNa karanA pratimA ke prabhAva me puSpAdi meM mahanta, siddha, prAcArya, asadbhAva sthApanA hai| paM0 mAzAdhara jI ne bhI jinaupAdhyAya, sAdhu, samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacA- pratimA ke na rahane para akSata prAdi meM jinendra kI sthApanA ritra kI sthApanA karake pratyeka ko aSTadravpa se pUjA karane kA vidhAna batalAyA hai| jala, candana, akSata mAdi karanA batalAyA gayA hai| usake bAda krama se darzanabhakti, dravya se jo pUjA kI jAtI hai use dravyapUjA kahate haiN| jJAnabhakti, cAritrabhakti, prahaMdbhakti, siddhabhakti, caityabhakti, jinendradeva kI janmabhUmi, dIkSAbhUmi, kevalajJAnamami aura paMcagurubhakti, zAnti bhakti aura prAcAryabhakti karanA bata- mokSa prApta hone kI bhUmi me jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha lAyA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki pratimA ke prabhAva kSetrapUjA hai| bhagavAn ke garbhakalyANaka mAdi ke dinoM meM meM bhI pUjA kI jA sakatI hai| nandIzvara parva ke pATha dino me tathA anya parva ke dinoM meM somadeva ne yazastilaka me pUjA kI paddhati yA prakAra jo pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha kAlapUjA hai aura ananta ko isa prakAra batalAyA hai lAbhAdi guNo kI stuti karake jo trikAla bandanA kI prastAvanA purAkarma sthApanA sanidhAranam / jAtI hai vaha bhAvapUjA hai| pUjA pUjAphalaM ceti SaDviya devasevanam // uparyukta vivecana se yahI tAtparya nikalatA hai ki pUjA arthAt prastAvanA, pUrAkarma, sthApanA, sannidhApana, pUjA do prakAra se kI jAtI hai-dravya se pora bhAva se / jo paura pUjA kA phala, isa taraha chaha prakAra se deva kI pUjA sAdhu hai vaha bhAvapUjA karatA hai| kintu zrAvaka dravyapUjA kI jAtI hai| maura bhAva pUjA dono hI kara sakatA hai| paM0 prAzAdhara
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________________ devapUjA aura usakA mAhAtmya jI ne sAgAradharmAmRta me zrAvaka kI dinacaryA kA varNana mUrtipUjA kA prArambha maura upayogitA karate hue trikAla devavandanA ke samaya donoM prakAra se jainadharma meM mUrtipUjana kI paramparA bahuta prAcInakAla pUjA karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| se pracalita hai| dvitIya zatAbdI I0pU0 ke samrAT khAra. vartamAna pUjA vidhi vela ke zilAlekha me RSabhanAtha kI mUrti kA ullekha hai vartamAna pUjA vidhi meM ve sava guNa nahI raha gaye haiM jise magadha kA rAjA nanda kaliMga vijaya ke bAda pATalijo SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra prAdi meM pratipAdita hai| putra (paTanA) le gayA thA aura jise khAravela ne magadha para trikAla devavandanA, pratikramaNa aura AlocanA kI vidhi caDhAI karake punaH prApta kiyA thaa| isase siddha hotA hai samAptaprAya hai / aba zrAvaka kA kRtikarma devadarzana aura ki Aja se lagabhaga 2500 varSa pUrva rAjagharAno taka se devapUjA do bhAgo me vibhakta ho gayA hai| yadyapi deva- jaino ke prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeba kI mUrti kI pUjA hotI darzana bhI pUjA kA eka prakAra hI hai kintu use darzana hI thii| eka mauryakAlIna mUrti paTanA ke saMgrahAlaya me sthita kahate hai| jina mandira me jAkara deva darzana karanA pratyeka hai| prAcArya kundakunda ne paMcAstikAya me prarahanta. siTa zrAvaka praura zrAvikA kA nitya kartavya hai| vaha jina caitya aura pravacana bhakti kA ullekha kiyA hai tathA mandira meM jAkara mUrti ke samakSa stuti pATha karate hue jina pravacanasAra me devatA, yati maura guru kI pajA kA vidhAna bhagavAn ko namaskAra karake tIna pradakSiNA detA hai| yaha kiyA hai| uttarakAla meM to jina pratimA aura jina devadarzana hai| pUjA karane ke lie pahale snAna karake zuddha mandiro kA nirmANa adhika saMkhyA me huprA hai| isI yuga vastra pahinakara sabase pahale mUrti kA jala se abhiSeka meM pratiSThApATho prAdi kI racanAeM huI hai| pajana sAsya kiyA jAtA hai / kahI-kahI dUdha, dadhi, ghRta, ikSurasa aura bhI isa yuga me vizeSarUpa se likhA gayA hai| sarvoSadhirasa se bhI abhiSeka karane kI paddhati hai| abhi- jainadharma meM prarahanta, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura peka ke bAda pUjA ke prArambha me jisa deva kI pUjA karate sAdhu ye pAMca pada bahuta pratiSThita mAne gaye hai| inheM paJca hai usakA prAhvAnana, sNApana aura sannidhikaraNa kiyA parameSThI kahate hai| ina pAMca parameSTiyo me se parahanta jAtA hai| usake bAda kramazaH jala mAdi pATha dravyoM se parameSThI kI mUrti jaina mandiro meM virAjamAna rahatI hai| pUjana kiyA jAtA hai| anta me pATha dravyo ko milAkara ye mUrtiyAM 4 tIthaMkaroM meM se kisI na kisI tIrthakara kI prargha caDhAyA jAtA hai| pratyeka dravya car3hAte samaya usakA hotI hai kintu hotI prarahanta avasthA kI hI hai, kyoMki uddezya bolakara use car3hAta hai| jaisa jala car3hAte samaya bharahanta avasthA ke binA varma tIrtha kA pravartana nahIM ho kahate haiM ---janmajarAmRtyuvinAzanAya jalaM nirvapAmIti sakatA hai| ata dharma tIrtha ke pravartaka jaina tIkartharo kI svAhA / arthAt janbha, jarA aura mRtyu ke vinAza ke lie mUrtiyA~ jaina mandiroM meM vizeSarUpa se pAyI jAtI haiN| jala car3hAtA huuN| pUjA ke anta meM sabake lie zAntipATha nirAkAra siddhoM kI mUrtiyAM bhI mandira me prAyaH rahatI hai| par3hA jAtA hai| prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu kI mUrtiyAM bhI kahIM-kahI zAnti pATha me pAyI jAtI haiN| inakI mRtiyoM meM sAdhu ke cihna pIchI kSemaM sarvaprajAnA prabhavatu balavAn dhArmiko bhUmipAlaH, aura kamaNDalu aMkita rahate hai| ye sabhI mUrtiyAM dhyAnastha kAle kAle ca samyagvarSatu maghavA vyAdhayo yAntu nAzam / avasthA kI hotI hai| prAtmadhyAna me lIna yogI kI jaisI dubhikSa caura-mArI kSaNamapi jagatAM mAsma bhUjjIvaloke, prAkRti hotI hai vaisI hI prAkRti una mUrtiyo kI hotI jainendra dharmacakra prabhavatu satataM srvsaukhyprdaayi|| hai| unake makha para zAnti, nirbhayatA aura nirvikAratA yaha padya mukhya hai aura isameM sampUrNa rASTra kI saba vidyamAna rahatI hai| unake zarIra para koI prAbharaNa nahI prakAra se bhalAI kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| zAntipATha ke hotA aura na hAtha meM koI astra-zastra / digambara jaina manta me visarjana kiyA jAtA hai| mUrti nirAvaraNa (nagna) bhora malakAra rahita hotI hai|
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________________ 44, varSa 31, ki02 bhanekAnta jo loga savastra aura sAlakAra mUrti kI upAsanA karate hai| jinadeva vItarAga hote haiN| prata: unakI pUjA yA stuti haiM unheM nagna mUrti azlIla pratIta ho sakatI hai| yahAM karane se na to ve prasanna hote hai aura na prasanna hokara kucha prazna yaha hai ki kyA nagnatA vAstava me azlIlatA kI dete hai / aparigrahI aura vItarAga hone se unake pAsa dene pratIka hai| isa viSaya meM prasiddha gAndhIvAdI pAkA ko kucha hai hI nhiiN| unakI nindA karane se ve nArAja bhI kAlelakara ne zravaNabelagolA (karNATaka) meM sthita bhagavAna nahI hote hai / taba unakI pUjA se kyA lAbha hai ? isakA bAhabali kI vizvavikhyAta nagna mUti ko dekhakara jo bhAva uttara yahI hai ki unake pavitra guNo kA smaraNa hamAre vyakta kiye the ve dhyAna dene yogya hai citta ko pApo se bacAtA hai| isI viSaya meM prAcArya "jaba maiM kArakala ke pAsa gomaTezvara kI mati ko samantabhadra ne bRhatsvayambhU stotra meM kahA haidekhane gayA usa samaya hama strI, puruSa, bAlaka aura vRddha na pUjayArthastvayi vItarAga na nindayA nAtha vivAntavare / aneka the| hamame se kisI ko bhI isa mUrti kA darzana tathApi tava puNya guNasmRtirnaH punAtu citta duritaanyjnebhyH|| karate samaya sakoca jaisA kucha bhI mAlUma nahI humA / maiMne he nAtha ! tuma vItarAga ho isalie tumhe apanI pUjA aneka nagna mUrtiyA~ dekhI hai aura mana vikArI hone ke ke se koI prayojana nahI hai, aura vIta dveSa hone ke kAraNa badale ulTA ina darzano ke kAraNa hI nivikArI hone kA nizAnA nindA se bhI koI prayojana nahIM hai| phira bhI tumhAre anubhava karatA hai| ata: hamArI nagnatA viSayaka dRSTi pavitra guNo kI smRti hamAre citta ko pAparUpI mala se aura hamArA vikAro kI pora jhukAva dono badara,nA banAtI caahie|" mUrti ke dvArA mUrtimAn kI upAsanA kI jAtI hai tathA abhiSeka mUrti ko dekhate hI mUrtimAna kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai / mUrti pUjA ke prArambha me abhiSeka kI paramparA hai| jina manuSya ke cacala citta ko sthira rakhane ke lie eka pratimA kA abhiSeka tIrthakaro ke janmakalyANa ke samaya mAlambana hai| usa pAlambana ke nimitta se manuSya kA sumeru parvata para indra ke dvArA kiye gaye abhiSeka kA hI caMcala citta kucha kSaNa ke lie pUjya ke guNa kIrtana yA pratirUpa hai| indra ne kevala kSIrasAgara ke jala se hI bhagacitana me lIna ho jAtA hai| mUrti pUjA usa prAdarza kI vAna kA abhiSeka kiyA thaa| prata: zuddha pAmnAya ke anupUjA hai jo prANimAtra kA sarvocca lakSya hai / mUrti ke dvArA sAra jala se abhiSeka karanA hI ThIka hai| phira bhI jaina hame usa sUtimAna ke svarUpa ko samajhane meM sahAyatA paramparA me kahI-kahI dUdha, dadhi, ghRta mAdi se bhI abhimilatI hai| prataH vartamAna kAla meM to mUrti kA honA Seka kiyA jAtA hai| yaha paramparA kaba se calI? paJcAatyanta prAvazyaka hai| 50 prAzAdhara jI ne mUrti kI upa- mRta se sambandha rakhane vAle dugdha, dadhi, ghRta ikSarasa paura yogitA ke viSaya meM sAgAradharmAmRta meM kahA hai sauSadhirasa kA sarvaprathama spaSTa ullekha harivaMza purANa meM milatA hai| kintu varAMgacaritra meM jo harivaMzapurANa se dhik duHSamAkAlarAtri yatra zAstradazAmapi / prAcIna hai, abhiSeka ke samaya dUdha, dadhi prAdi se bhare hue caMtyAlokAdRte na syAt prAyo davavizAmatiH / / kalazoM kA ullekha hote hue bhI unase abhiSeka kiye jAne arthAt isa paMcamakAla me zAstravettAno ko bhI mUrti ke kA ullekha nahIM hai, kevala jala se hI abhiSeka kA ullekha darzana ke binA devabuddhi nahI hotI hai / hai / padmapurANa meM bhI abhiSeka ke lie ghRta, dUdha mAdi se jinapUjA kA uddezya purNa kalazoM kA ullekha hai| kintu jinasena ne mahApurANa jinendra deva kI pUjA kisI bhautika sukha kI kAmanA me mora unake ziSya guNabhadra ne uttarapurANa me jala se hI se nahI kI jAtI hai, kintu usakA uddezya prAtmA me abhiSeka karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| somadeva ne upAnirmalatA dvArA prAdhyAtmika sukha aura zAnti ko prApti sakAdhyayana meM ikSurasa, ghRta, dhAroSNa dUdha, dadhi mora panta
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________________ devapUjA aura usakA mAhAtmya 45 meM jala se abhiSeka karane ke pazcAt pUjA karane kA yathArtha me yaha visarjana indra prAdi devatAmoM ke li vidhAna kiyA hai| hai, jinendra deva ke lie nhiiN| mAhvAnana aura visarjana devapUjA kA mAhAtmya vartamAna me jo pajA kI vidhi pracalita hai usameM sAtavI zatAbdI ke prAcArya raviSeNa ne padmacarita meM jisakI pajA kI jAtI hai usakA pAhvAnana mora visarjana mUrti nirmANa tathA usakI pUjA ke phala ke viSaya meM kiyA jAtA hai| yaha viSi kahA~ taka ucita hai isa para likhA haibhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra jinavimbaM jinAkAraM jinapUjAM jinastutim / jima deva kI pUjA kI jAtI hai vaha na to kahI se prAtA yaH karoti janastasya na kiMcid durlabha bhavet / / aura na kahI jAtA hai| momadeva ne pajana se pUrva jo arthAta jo vyakti jinadeva kI prAkRti ke anurUpa jinasthApana aura sannidhApana kriyAye batalAI hai ve bhAja ke vimba banavAtA hai tathA jinadeva ko pUjA aura stuti karatA pracalita prAhAnana, sthApana aura sannidhikaraNa se bhinna hai| hai usake lie kucha bhI durlabha nahIM hai| unakI vidhi meM prAhAnana to hai hI nahIM, visarjana bhI nahI hai / vimarjana kA sambandha to pAhvAnana ke sAtha hai / isI prakAra, sAtavI zatAbdI me racita adhyAtma grantha jaba dimI ko bulAyA nahI jAtA hai to bhejane kA prazna paramAtma-prakAza meM likhA haihI nahI utthtaa| aigA pratIta hotA hai ki pa0 yAzAvara dANa na diNNa u muNivaraheNa vi pujjiu jiNaNAhu / (vi0 sa0 1300) ke bAda hI pUjA meM ukta prakriyA / paca Na vadiya paramaguru kima hosai sivalAhu / / pa samAviSTa huI hai| dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra (solahavI arthAt jisane na to munivaro ko dAna diyA, na jina zatAbdI) aura lATI mahitA (satrahavIM zatAbdI) me bhagavAna kI pUjA kI pora na paca parameSThI ko namaskAra prAhvAnana, syApana, mannidhikaraNa, pUjana aura vimarjana ye kiyA usako mokSa kA lAbha kama hogaa| pA~ca prakAra pUjA ke batalAye hai| yathArtha meM bAta yaha hai prAcArya amitagati ne subhASitaratnamandoha me likhA ki bhagavAna ke pacakalyANaka me deva pAte the| ata: paMca- hai.... kalyANaka pratiSThA me devoM kA prAhvAnana paura visarjana to penAguSThapramANAeM jainendrI kriyateM ginA / Thoka pratIta hotA hai| isI bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara tasyA'pyanazvarI lakSmInaM dUre jAta jAyate / / devasena kRta bhAvasaMgraha meM indrAdi devatAyo kA prAhvAnana arthAt jo manuSya jinendra bhagavAn kI aguSTha pramANa mUrti tathA unhe yajJa kA bhAga arpita karake pUjana ke anta meM banavAtA hai vaha bhI avinAzI lakSmI ko prApta karatA hai| una pAhata devatApo kA vimajana bhI kiyA gayA hai / isa prAcArya padmanandi pacasaMgraha me unase bhI Age bar3hakara prakAra jo pahale pAhvAnana aura visarjana indrAdi devatApo kahate haiM ... ke lie kiyA jAtA thA usako uttara kAla meM pUjA kA bimbAvalonnatiyavonnatimeva bhaktyA ye mAvazyaka praga mAnakara jinendra deva ke lie bhI kiyA kArayanti jinasa jinAkRti vaa| jAne lgaa| pUjana ke anta meM visarjana karate samaya nimna- puNyaM tadIyamiha vAgapi netra zaktA stota likhita zloka bhI par3hA jAtA hai parasya kimu kArayitudayasya / pAhUtA ye purA devA labdhabhAgA yathAkramam / marthAt jo bimbapatra ke pramANa jinamandira banavAkara te mayA'citA bhaktyA sarva yAntu yathAsthitim // usame jo barAbara jina pratimA kI bhaktipUrvaka sthApanA isako hindI meM isa prakAra par3hate hai: karate haiM unake puNya kA varNana sarasvatI bhI nahIM kara mAye jo jo devagaNa pUje bhakti pramANa / sakatI, phira jo bar3A mandira aura bar3I pratimA banavAyeM te saba jAvaha kRpAkara apane apane paan|| unakA to kahanA hI kyA hai|
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________________ 46, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta prAcArya basunandI ne apane zrAvakAcAra meM padmanandi kA pRthak-pRthak koI phala nahIM batalAyA hai kintu vasuse bhI mAge kahA hai nandI ne pUjA ke samaya jala Adi caDhAne kA phala isa kathaMbharidalamete jiNabhavaNe jo Thaveha jiNapaDiyaM / prakAra batalAyA hai--- sarisavameta pi lahai so Naro titthara puNNa / / pUjA ke samaya jaladhArA chor3ane se pAparUpI mala dhula arthAt jo kuthuri ke patra barAbara jina mandira banavA jAtA hai aura candana car3hAne se pUjA karane vAlA bhagavAn kara usameM sarasoM ke barAbara bhI jinapratimA kI sthApanA hotA hai / akSana se pUjA karane vAlanidhi aura 14 karatA hai vaha manuSya tIthaMkara pada ke yogya puNyabandha ratno kA svAmI hotA hai| puSpa se pUjA karane vAlA karatA hai| manuSya kAmadeva tulya hotA hai| naivedya ko caDhAne vAlA mAnava ati sundara hotA hai| dIpa se pUjA karane vAlA manta me kahate hai manuSya kevalajJAnI hotA hai / pUSa me pUjA karane vAlA nara eyArasaMgadhArI jIhasahasseNa suravarido vi / nirmala koni ko prApta karatA hai, aura phala ge gunA karane pUjAphalaM Na sakko Nissesa vaNiu jamhA / / vAlA manuSya nirvANa sukha ko prApta krtaa| arthAt gyAraha aga ke dhArI mani tathA devandra bhI hajAra pa: prAzAvara nI ne isa viSaya meM sAsAra varmAmRta / jihvA se pUjA ke phala ko pUrA varNana karane meM samartha nikhA hai-- nahI hai| prAcArya samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDadhAvakAcAra meM pUjA vArdhArA rajama agAya padayo mamyak prayuvanAtaH, ke mAhAtmya ko isa prakAra batalAyA hai - sadgandha. tanumau bhAva vibhavAcchedAya gatyakSAH / yaSTaH sragdivi sraje caharumAsvAmyAya dIpastyipa, mahaccaraNasaparyAmahAnubhAva mahAtmanAmavat / bheka: pramodamattaH kusumennaikena rAjagRhe // dhUpo vizvadRgutsavAya phalamiSTArthAya cArghAya saH / / pani rAjagaha nagara meM harSa se pAnandita maiMDhaka ne eka arthAt prahanta deva ke caraNoM me jala kI dhArA caDhAne se papa ke dvArA bhavya jIvo ko arahanta bhagavAn ke caraNo pApoM kA zamana hotA hai, candana car3hAne me zarIra sugandhita kI pajA ke mAhAtmya ko batalAyA thaa| tAtparya yaha hai hotA hai, akSata sa avinAzI aizvarya prApta hotA hai, puSpaki jisa samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra kA samavazaraNa rAjagRha mAlA caDhAne se svargIya puSpo kI mAlA prApta hotI hai. se prAyA hanA thA usa samaya rAjA zreNika Adi nagara ke naivedya ke arpaNa se pUjA karane vAlA lakSmI kA svAmI loga bhagavAna kI vandanA ke lie gye| usa samaya hotA hai, dIpa se zarIra kI kAnti prApta hotI hai, dhUpa se taka bhI dharma kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara mukha me parama saubhAgya prApta hotA hai, phala ke car3hAne se iSTa artha eka kamalapaNa lekara bhagavAna kI pUjA ke sie claa| kI prApti hotI hai aura argha ke car3hAne se mUlyavAna pada isI bIca vaha meDhaka rAjA zreNika ke hAthoke paira se kucala prApta hotA hai| bhAva saMgraha meM isI prakAra kA phala batakara mara gayA aura pUjA karane kI pavitra bhAvanA ke kAraNa lAyA gayA hai| jitapaNya ke prabhAva sa saudharma svarga me RdvidhArI uparyakta vivecana se pratIta hotA hai ki prAcArya vasudeva hamA, mora tatkAla hI vaha mukuTa ke agrabhAga me nandI, pa. prAzAdhara prAdi ke samaya meM jalAdi dravyoM ke meMDhaka kA cihna banakara bhagavAn ke samavazaraNa me pA car3hAne kA phala prAyaH saubhAgya-sUcaka vastunoM kI prApti gyaa| isa prakAra usane sabake samakSa pUjana ke mAhAtmya thaa| kintu dUsare prAcAryoM ke mata se usa samaya bhI pUjA ko prakaTa kara diyaa| ke phala me pUrNa mAdhyAtmikatA rahI hogii| usI ke anupraSTa dravya se pUjana karane kA pRthak-pRthak phala sAra paM0 mAzAghara ke bAda kI pUjAmoM meM janma, jarA somadeva ne balAdi praSTa dravya se pUjA karane mora mRtyu ke vinAza ke lie jala, saMsAra tApa ke vinAza
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________________ devapUjA aura usakA mAhAtmya ke lie candana, akSaya pada kI prApti ke lie prakSana, jinendra deva kI pUjA se bhautika sukha kI kAmanA karanA kAma bANa ke vinAza ke lie puSpa, kSudhAroga ke nAza ke ThIka nahI hai| lie navedya, mohAndhakAra ke nAza ke lie dIpa, praSTa karmoM isa prakAra jinapUjA ke mAhAtmya tathA phala ko jAnake nAza ke lie dhUpa aura mokSa phala kI prApti ke lie kara pratyeka gRhastha ko yathAzakti devadarzana, pUjana paura phala car3hAne kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pUjA karane kA svAdhyAya pravazya karanA caahie| isI meM mAnava jIvana yahI vAstavika phala hai jo pUrNarUpa se prAdhyAtmika hai| kI saphalatA hai| 400 (pR0 40 kA zeSAMza) mIca kara / isame viveka ko sambhAvanA to kadAcita hI deva-deviyAM na kevala rAga-dveSa se prota-prota hotI hai. ho, bhAvanA bhI aparyApta hI dikhatI hai; aura jo digvatA pratyuta kisI bhI dazA meM caturtha guNasthAna se prAge nahIM hai vaha hai lokalAja, pradhAnukaraNa pora andhakAramaya bar3ha sakatI unakI upAsanA caudahaveM guNasthAna taka arthAta bhaviSya kI vibhIpikA / isI prakAra, vrata, tapa prAdi ke usI paryAya meM mokSa taka prApta karane kA bhadhikArI pAcaraNa meM bhI viveka kA puTa kama hI rahA dikhatA hai| mAnava kare, yaha zAstrIya dRSTi se to avaidha hai hI vyAvakisI varadAna, pramo, nidhi Adi kI prApti ke lie hArika dRSTi se bhI prasagata hai| sAhitya meM upayukta aneka dharmasthAna, zmazAna, vana prAdi me jAkara upavAsa karanA', viSama sthitiyoM ke jo citraNa, adhikAMza yathocita citraNo vibhinna prakAra ke tapa karanA prAdi dharmaviruddha praniyoM ke madhya bimbare milate hai unakA kAraNa kisI hada taka ke pIche viveka kA to sarvathA abhAva hotA hI hai, sahaja mAnA jA sakatA hai, kintu unhe anukaraNIya udAvyAvahArika yA naitika mUlyoM se bhI ve zanya hotI haiN| haraNo ke rUpa meM prastuta nahI kitA jA sktaa| deva-deviyoM kI upAsanA' cAhe jisa uddezya kI jAe, jaina sthAnaka, cIrAkhAnA, jIvana ke jaina mUlyoM kI dRSTi se mUlataH prazAstrIya hai| jA vaMdavAr3A, dillI 000 pR0 116, khaM. 5, sa. 76, ka. 13; pR0 166, khaM. 10, ka. 21, puSpadanta : jasaharacariu, naI dehalo, 5, sa. 63, ka. 18; pR 275, khaM. 5. sa. 86, 1972, pR0 125, sa. 4, k.7| ka. 18; pR. 277, kha. 5, sa. 86, ka 16, pR0 1. svayaMbha : parvokta pu. 83.65 kha0 3, sa0 471, 325, kha. 5, sa. 88, ka. 11, kanakAmara : ka. 3.6 / pUrvokta, pR0 156, sa. 10, ka. 24; narasena : pUrvokta, pR. 85, sa. 2, ka. 36; kavi vIra : 2. kanakAmara : pUrvokta, pR0 66, sa. 7, ka. 12 pUrvokta, pR0 58, sa. 3. ka. 13; pR. 212, sa. puSpadanta : pUrvokta, pR0 51, sa. 2, ka. 14 /
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________________ niyativAda nAmA niyamavAda 0 zrI mahendrasena jaina, naI dillI jitanI ulajhana aura jitanA vitaNDAvAda bhAgya pora jaba niyamo ko samajhakara (zikSA-dIkSA) unake anukUla puruSArtha, karma aura niyati ko lekara hai, zAyada hI kisI sahI puruSArtha kre| nIlA-pIlA milakara harA raga bana dUsare viSaya para ho| aksara udAharaNa diyA jAtA hai ki jAtA hai, citrakAra yaha niyama jAnatA hai / jaba hare raMga eka gilAsa me prAdhA pAnI hai bhAgyavAdI kahatA hai kI bAchA ho to vaha donoM ko milA kara prApta kara letA ki mega gilAma prAdhA khAlI hai, gare bhAgya meM yahI thaa| hai, parantu usake milAne kA pUruSArtha kie binA usako kamavAdI karatA hai ki merA gilAma prAdhA bharA apane pApa harA raMga kabhI bhI nahIM milegA / dUmI aora, hai aura apane puruSArtha se bAkI prAdhA bhI maiM bhara luugaa| yadi puruSAtha nIle-pIna raga ko to kaha nahI paura imase cAhe jo bhI partha nikale, eka bAta to bahuta spaSTa duniyA bhara ke anya rago kA ghoTA lagAtA phire aura kahe hai ki bhAgyavAdI kA gilAsa bharane kI to koI sambhAvanA ki maiM harA raMga banAkara choDagA to yaha mivAra zamacillI hI nahIM hai kyoki anya koI aisI devI zakti kA pramANa ke prakAra ke aura kacha nahI hai| nahI hai jo prAkara kisI kA prAdhA khAlI gilAsa bhara de| isake atirikta Afraitunita puruSArthI yaha kara sakatA hai aisA use vizvAsa hai, jisake hai| mAnava cAhe ki maiM hAthI ke barAbara bojha uThA lU, to bala para vaha dharma meM juTA huprA hai| nahI ho sktaa| parantu usame itanI buddhi jarUra hai ki cAstava meM bAta dono kI adharI hai| jahA~ raha saca yatra se hAthI kI zakti paidA karake usase uThA le / phira hai ki svayaM mAnava ke alAvA aura koI zakti nahIM hai jo bhI isase to usakI sImA ko hI puSTi hotI hai / dUsarI usakA kalyANa-akalyANa kara sake yA use pratyAzita- pora, buddhi bhI to kSamatA hI hai| cITI kI apanI sImAe apratyAzita phala dilA sake, vahA yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki va kSamatAe hai, mAnava ko apanI, pazu-pakSI kI apanI. duniyA kA hara kArya niyamo se badhA hai aura unakI paridhi per3a-paudhoM kI apanI, ityAdi-ityAdi / ina sImAoM aura ke andara mAnava kI sImAe~ hai, sAmAjika niyama hai, kSamatAmo ko kAna jI svAmI ne saMjJA dI hai-'paryAya yo. kAnUnI niyama hai aura usI prakAra prAkRtika niyama hai| gyatA' arthAt jo jipta paryAya me hai, usakI kitanI kSamatA jhUTha bolanA, na bolanA hamAre puruSArtha ke adhIna hai, parantu hai aura usakI kyA sImAe hai| puruSArtha unhI kI paridhi jhUTha bolakara jhUThA kahalAnA yaha niyamabaddha hai, jhUTha bola.. na me ho sakatA hai| unake bAhara bhI maiM cAhe jo karake dikhA kara maiM saccA hI kahalAU~gA yaha vyartha kA ahakAra hai| dUMgA, yaha mAtra ahaMkAra hai aura unake anurUpa bhI puruSArtha na karake bhAgya mere khule muhe me AsamAna se bera TapakA hatyA kI, niyama ne phAmI caDhA dii| hatyA karanA, na degA, yaha mahAmUr3hatA hai| vahA~ bhI muMha kholakara rakhane karanA puruSArtha ke mAdhIna hai, parantu hatyA karane kA phala kA puruSArtha to karanA hI pdd'egaa| niyama ke anusAra milegA / grAma kA per3a boeM yA babUla aba prazna uThatA hai ki yaha bhAgya nAma kI cIja kA, yaha puruSArtha hamAre adhIna hai, parantu usame phala laganA pAI kahA~ se ? puruSArtha to spaSTa anubhava meM prAtA hai niyama ke adhIna hai| mAma me niyama ke anusAra mAma aura pratyakSa hai, parantu bhAgya ke sambandha me hama akla se lagegA aura babUla meM kAMTe / kAma nahIM lenA cAhate / hama roja dekhate hai ki hara kArya dUsare zabdoM meM, puruSArtha bhI tabhI vAMchita phala degA (zuSa pRSTha 51 para)
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________________ kabIra kI vANI meM vIra-vANo kI gUja 0 zrImatI kusuma jaina sorayA, ema. e., bI. eDa. kAntidraSTA kabIra rahA hai| jIvatattva yA caitanya zakti hI isa dRzyamAna madhyayugIna kAvya jagata meM jina kaviyoM ne jIvana ko jagat meM vaha pArasa-niSi hai, jisake binA saMsAra kI bar3I sUkSmatA aura gahare utara kara dekhA, unameM santa kabIra ananta vastuyeM nirarthaka pora anupayogI haiN| isa sandarbha meM kA nAma pramukha hai : inhoMne rUpakoM aura jIvana ke vyAva. kavIra ko yaha sAkhI kitanI yuktipukta hai: hArika pratIkoM ke mAdhyama se adhyAtma kI abhivyakti pArasa rUpI jIva hai, lauha rUpa saMsAra / var3I kuzalatA se kI hai| gUr3ha rahasyoM aura tattvoM ko pArasa se pArasa bhayA, parakha bhayA TakasAra // bolacAla kI bhASA me rakhakara sAhitya jagata ko eka yaha jIva pArasa ke samAna amUlya hai| isa jIva kI vyApaupalabdhi pradAna kI hai| prastuta lekha meM kabIra ke aise katA kA jJAna kara lene para hI yaha saMsArI prANI (loha) vicAra prasUna prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM, jinameM jaina-darzana ke pArasa kI taraha pramUlya bana jAtA hai| yahA~ 'parakha' se siddhAntoM ke parAga pUrNarUpeNa parilakSita hai| aisA lagatA tAtparya apanI pahicAna karane se hai, kyoMki binA pahicAna hai ki mahAtmA kabIra usa dharma se jyAdA prabhAvita rahe. ke yaha apanI ananta zaktiyoM ko bhalA hamA hai| jo bAhya kriyAkANDoM, andhavizvAsoM aura rUr3ha mAnyatAmoM ke pakSa meM apanI prasvIkRti kA hAtha uThAye rhaa| isake jIvatva meM siddhatva sAtha nase ho saccA dharma mAnA, jisameM prAtmA yA jIva pratyeka jIva apane meM ananta sambhAvanAyeM sameTe hue tattva ko paramAtmA taka pahuMcAne kI ghoSaNA hai| jo satya hai| bha. mahAvIra ne kahA : zaktirUpa taM sidabaddha vRSTi, sadjJAna aura sadAcaraNa ke aikya para jora detA haiN| nirajana hai| parantu isakI abhivyakti prasutta hai / jAgati janakalyANa se abhibhUta kabIra na to kisI sampradAya ke binA saccI dRSTi kaise prApta kI jA sakatI hai? kabIradaladala meM hI par3e aura na hI pAkhaNDoM ke poSaNa meM apanI dAsa jI ne eka mArmika sAkhI ke dvArA isa tathya ko jIvana sAdhanA gNvaaii| isalie ve niSpakSa rUpa se eka ujAgara karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai : samAja sudhAraka aura mAdhyAtmika bhAvanAmoM ke samarthaka bUMda jo parA samudra me, so jAnata saba koya / kahe jA sakate haiN| samudra samAnA bUMda meM, so jAne viralA koya / / vora-vANI ke anugUMja-svara isa bAta ko sabhI jAnate haiM ki yaha jIvAtmA zarIra 1. svayaM bodha dhAraNa kara saMsAra meM janma prora maraNa kI prakriyA kara rahI hai, lekina isakI ananta zakti aura yogyatA ko bha. mahAvIra kI vANI vItarAga-vANI hai, jisameM biralA hI koI jAna pAtA hai| jisameM isa saSTi ko jIva ke parama kalyANa aura prArama puruSArtha kI jIvantatA jAnane kI yogyatA hai, vaha baMda hamArI prAtmA, apane meM hai| bha. mahAvIra svAmI ne kisI bAta para pramukha pora samadra arthAta sasAra ko hI sokha letI hai, arthAt jIva mantima rUpa se jora diyA to vaha hai-svayaM bodha / ' ke sahaja svarUpa meM saMsAra bijita ho jAtA hai| jIva svayaM se paricaya ke kAraNa hI yaha jIva duHkhamUlaka kI isa vilakSaNatA ko saba nahIM jAna paate| jainadarzana sampadAmoM ko ekatra kara unase tAdAtmya sthApita kara kI kitanI gaharI anumati kabIra meM upajI hogI, isa
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________________ anekAnta isa sAkhI ko likhate samaya / eka dUsarI sAkhI meM kabIra meM kahA tIna loka bhI pIMjarA, pApa puNya bhI jAla / haMsA tU to sabala thA, halukI apanI cAla / sakala jIva sAvaja bhaye, eka maherI kAla / / raga kurage raMgiyA, te kiyA paura lgbaar|| arthAt saMsAra kI caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM ke kArAgRha me he mAnava ! tU to zaktimAna Izvara jaisA ghavala pApa aura puNya ber3iyAM hai| sajA dene vAlA kAlacakra svaccha hai, arthAta karma-kAlimA se rahita hai| phira bhI tune athavA mRtyu isa jIva ke pIche pratyeka samaya lagA rahatA apanI usa zakti para eka dRSTi nahI dI aura nikRSTa hai| prAcaraNoM meM girakara tayA svayaM ko kama kAlimA se lipta / 4. zaraNAgata : eka se kara apane ko raga-viraMgA banA liyA hai / isa prakAra, svayaM ke prajJAna ne tujhe svAmI se dAsa banA diyA hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne sasArI jIvo ko sambodhate hue kahA hai-'saMsAra meM jarA aura maraNa ke tIvra pravAha meM 3. karma-ver3iyoM kA vinAza DUbate prANiyoM ko dharma hI eka zaraNa hai, pratiSThA hai, gati bha0 mahAvIra ne isa karma-kAlimA kA kAraNa jIva hai| tuma svayaM apane dopana ho| apanI hI jyoti meM kI bahiSTi batAyA hai| jIva kI prAsaktipUrNa yA mUrchA- apane ko dekho| sva ke prati jaago| svAnubhati ke alAvA sahita triyAye hI kamarUpa sUkSma zarIra me pariNata hokara aura koI zaraNa nhiiN| sasAra me aisA koI prabhu nahIM naye karmoM se gaThabandhana karatI rahatI hai / kabIra ne ise usa hai jo tumhArI aMgulI pakar3a kara tumhe bhavasAgara pAra sacita bIja kA rUpa diyA jo yogya bhUmi aura kAla me karA de|' inhI bhAvo ko kabIra ne bar3e sahaja Dhaga se par3akara kaI gunI phasala prApta karake bar3hatA jAtA hai| kahA : parantu yadi yahI jIva antardRSTi prApta karake apane caitanya jo tU cAhe mujhako, chor3a sakala kI mAsa / svabhAva ko mUrchA se tor3akara eka taTastha bhAva meM pA mujha hI aisA hoya raho, saba sukha tere pAsa // jAye to vaha apane karmoM ko jajarita kara sakatA hai, parAzraya buddhi se jIva ajJAna ke gahana andhakAra meM DUbA jaise bhuMje hue bIja me usakI maulikatA samApta ho jaatii| hai| isa prajJAna ke ghUghaTa ko Upara uThAne ke lie eka hai aura vaha naye akuraNa nahI kara sktaa| kabIra ne ise / jagaha mahAtmA kabIra likhate hai : isa prakAra kahA: tohi pIya mileMge, cUMghaTa kA paTa khola rii| eka karma hai bAvanA, upaja bIja bahUta / ghaTa ghaTa meM vahi svAmI ramatA, kaTuka vacana mata bola rii| eka karma hai bhuMjanA, udaya na akura sUta / / / bAhara prApa bhUla gaI sajanI, piyo viSaya rasa ghola rii| isa prakAra, jIva kI bahibuddhi usake sasAra-bhramaNa ghana yauvana ko garva na kIje, jhUTho pacaraMga cola rii| kA kAraNa banI huI hai| eka bhora jahAM vaha puNya ke phala kA bhAtmavismRti ke mUlya para bhoga kara unhe apanA vastutaH majJAna parde ko haTAne se ho samyak dRSTi prApta svarUpa hI samajha baiThatA hai, vahIM dUsarI pora dukhamUlaka hotI hai aura ghaTa-ghaTa meM vyApya mAtmA ke sahaja darzana ho pAparUpa satatiyo se vaha vipanna hotA hai aura unase uparata sakate hai| bha0 mahAvIra ne viSaya vAsanAmoM ko mIThA bhI honA cAhatA hai| parantu zivasva kI prApti me karmoM jahara kahA hai jise pIkara jIva apane kAlika svabhAva kI gurutA se nirdhAra hone ke lie ye donoM jIva kI ko bhalA baiThA hai aura dhana, yauvana jaise bIca ke kSaNika madRzya ber3iyA hai, jo jIva ko kAlacakra ke nIce ghasITa sayogoM meM hI apanatva buddhi kara apane Upara jhUThe mukhauTe le jAtI hai / inhIM bhAvoM ko kabIra ne kitane sarasa rUpa pohae hai| mahAvIra svAmI kA saMdeza isa viSaya rAga
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________________ kabIra ko pAnI meM bAra-bANI kI gUMja ke raMga meM raMge caule se ummukta hone kA saMdeza thA jise 'anekAnta' ke svAmitva sambandhI vivaraNa kavIra ne 'saMto! jAgata nIMda na kIja' khaa| prakAzana sthAna-bIrasevAmandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI vaise kabIra ke pratyeka pada, dohe aura sAkhiyoM me mudraka-prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira ke nimitta prAdhyAtmika puTa hai| mAyA, moha, bhrama, prajJAna, icchAmoM prakAzana pravadhi-traimAsika zrI momaprakAza jaina mAdi ke bAre me pratIkAtmaka zailI meM pada prora sAkhiyA | rASTrikatA--bhAratIya patA-21, dariyAgaja, dillI-2 hai| parantu yahA~ eka dRSTi meM unakI antas ko chUtI huI | sampAdaka-zrI gokulaprasAda jaina rATrikatA-bhAratIya una bhAvanAmoM kI jhalaka dikhAI gaI hai, jo lagatI hai ki patA-vIra sevA mandira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 vaha prabhU vIra kI hI vANI hai| saca hai-eka sacce sata svAmitva-vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 kA hazya khale prakAza kI bhAMti hotA hai| maiM, momaprakAza jaina, etadvArA ghoSita karatA ha ki merI pUrNa jAnakArI eva vizvAsa ke anusAra upayukta 000 vivaraNa satya hai| -pomaprakAza jaina, prakAzaka (pR0 48 kA zeSAMza) kA uddezya pUrNa hone meM puruSArtha karane para aura phala milane jo antarAla hai, vahI bhAgya kA, niyati kA bhrama paidA karatA meM kucha antarAla hotA hai| kisAna kheta botA hai aura tIna- hai| kabhI-kabhI to vaha antarAla itanA adhika ho jAtA hai cAra mAsa bAda phasala milatI hai| yadi kisI ne usako kheta ki mAdi-anta kalpanA me hI nahIM prA paataa| taba prakla bote nahIM dekhA / to phasala milane para kahe usakA hai ki kAma nahIM karatI ki yaha jo humA so kyoM hamA aura kisake khAlI jamIna me se use gehUM kA bhaNDAra mila gyaa| vaha kie hue huA / taba vaha mAna kara baiTha jAtA hai ki prabha bhaNDAra kisI bhagavAna kA, kisI devI-devatA kA, kisI ke kie humA, mere bhAgya me aisA hI thaa| paranta binA anya devI zakti kA dAna nahIM hai, kRpA nahI hai| usake puruSArtha ke kucha milatA nahI, kucha hotA nahI, jo kucha bhI pUrva karma (puruSArtha) kA phala hai jo use bhAgyarUpa milA mila rahA hai, ho rahA hai, kisI na kisI pUrva puruSArtha se hai| kheta na botA to parcanA-prArthanA, japa-tapa, maMtra-tatra avazya jur3A hai| prAge kyA cAhie usakA uddezya nirdhArita koI bhI use gehaM kA bhaNDAra upalabdha karAne meM samartha karo, usako pAne ke saho puruSArtha kA adhyayana karo aura nahI thaa| usI meM lage rho| phala to niyama ke anusAra milegA hI, bhagavAna kRSNa ke niSkAma karma ke darzana kA bhI yahI isameM sandeha nahIM hai, parantu smaraNa rahe ki viparIta puruSArtha partha honA cAhie ki sahI uddezya nirdhArita karake, sahI se bhI sahI phala kabhI nahI milegA / yaha uddezya nirdhAraNa puruSArtha karo, phala to niyama ke anusAra milegA hii| sammagdarzana, usakI prApti ke mArga kA adhyayana, sammAjJAna usakI cintA tumhe nahI karanI par3egI aura usake alAvA aura use prApta karane kA puruSArtha samyaka cAritra hai| cAhe jitanI cintA karate rahanA kucha milegA hI nahIM, vIra sevA mandira kadApi nhiiN| puruSArtha karane tathA uddezya ko pUrti meM 21, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2
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________________ deza ke bauddhika jIvana meM jainoM kA yogadAna - DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, jayapura jaina dharmAnuyAyI prArambha se hI deza ke sabase adhika nayI krAnti upasthita kii| unhoMne prAkRta ke mAgama gratho susaMskRta, zikSita evaM vicAraka rahe haiN| apanI dArzanika meM vikIrNa jaina tattvajJAna ko apane tattvArtha-sUtra meM sameTabuddhi ke mAdhyama se unhoMne sabhI kSetroM meM krAntikArI kara rakha diyaa|' umAsvAmI prathama jainAcArya the jinhoMne parivartana kiye aura bhagavAna RSabhadeva se lekara bhagavAn jaina tattvajJAna ko yoga, vaizeSika prAdi dArzanika paddhatiyoM mahAvIra evaM unake pazcAta hone vAle prAcAryoM ne deza ke ke anurUpa vaijJAnika DhaMga se baddhijIviyoM ke samakSa upabauddhika vikAsa meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| sthita kiyaa| sUtra rUpa meM likhe isa grantha meM darzana, prAcAra mani, prAyikA, zrAvaka evaM zrAvikA ina cAra bhAgo meM evaM karmasiddhAnta prAdi kA jI vivecana hamA hai vaha pravarNasamasta jaina saMgha ko vibhakta karake bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nIya hai / jaina sAhitya ke kSetra me yaha itanA prabhAvazIla sabhI ko bauddhika vikAsa kA suavasara pradAna kiyaa| siddha humA ki digambara evaM zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoM me kAraNa ki jainAcAryo, manISiyoM eva vicArakoM ne yaha grantha samAna rUpa se samAdata hI nahI hamA, kintu aneka apane vicAro se, sAhityika eva dArzanika kRtiyoM se prAcAryoM ne isa para choTI-bar3I TIkAe~ likhakara usake deza ke janamAnasa ko sadaiva jAgrata rakhA / ise paramparAoM pracAra ko sarvocca prAthamikatA dii| se cipaTe rahane se bacAkara buddhipUrvaka socane para vivaza dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI meM hone vAle prAcArya samantakiyA aura syAdvAda evaM anekAnta jaise dArzanika siddhAntoM bhada kA badanitA ko vyAvahArika jIvana meM khulakara utArA / aparigrahavAda the| zAstrArtha me apane birAdhiyo ko parAsta karane me ke mAdhyama se logoM meM saMgraha vRtti kI bhAvanA ko ubhA- atyadhika pAraMgata the| unhoMne apane pApako prAcArya, rane se bacAyA aura svAdhyAya kI preraNA dekara jana-jana kavi, vAdirAja, paDita, jyotiyI, vaidya, yAtrika evaM ko jJAnArjana kI dizA meM pravRtta hone ke mArga ko prazasta tAMtrika prAdi sabhI kI to ghoSaNA kI thii| zAstrArtha karate. bnaayaa| karate unhoMne pATaliputra, mAlavA, sindhu, DhAkA, kAMcIpura pramukha prAcAryoM kA yogadAna evaM bidizA meM apanI vidvattA eva tAkikapane kI dundubhi bhabavAna mahAvIra ke prAcAra meM ahiMsA, vicAroM me bjaayii| unhone prAptamImAsA, yuktyanuzAsana eba svaanekAnta, vANI me sthAdvAd aura jIvana me aparigraha jaise yambhUstotra jaise dArzanika granthoM tathA ratnakaraNDazrAbakAsiddhAnto se dezavAsiyoM ko bauddhika vikAsa kI pIra cAra jaise prAcAra pradhAna granthoM kI racanA karake jana sAdhA. pravRtta hone kI bizeSa preraNA milii| mahAvIra ke pazcAta raNa me tArkika buddhi ke vikAsa meM yoga diyaa| hone vAle prAcAryo eva sAdhumo ne ukta sabhI siddhAntoM caturtha zatAbdI meM hone vAle prAcArya siddhasena kA ko dar3hatA se apane jIvana meM utArA aura ve unhI ke jaina dArzaniko me ullekhanIya sthAna hai| ve bar3e hI tAkika anusAra zrAvakoM evaM sAmAnya janatA ko isa pora pravRtta vidvAn the tathA unhone sanmatisUtra evaM siddhasenadvAtriMzikA hone kI preraNA dete rahe / sarva prathama prAcArya umAsvAmI ne jaise dArzanika grantho kI racanA karake dezake bauddhika cintana tattvArthAdhigama kI racanA karake cintana ke kSetra meM eka ke vikAsa meM mahattvapUrNa gogadAna diyaa|' ina dArzaniko ke 1. jaina lakSaNA valI, prastAvanA, pR. 16 / 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, pRSTha 172 / 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza, pR. 501 /
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________________ deza ke bauddhika bIvana meM yogadAna tara prakalaMka. haribhadramUri, sibasena, anantavArya, gaye pora sarvaprathama isIdhyAkaraNa ke satroM kA apabhraMza rUpa vidyAnanda, anantakIti, mANikyanandi, prabhAcandradeva sUri, karake par3hAyA jAne lgaa| 'mo nAmA sIdhama' (moma namaH maliSeNa prAdi dArzanikoM ne deza ke bauddhika dharAtala ko sibebhyaH), paMcovaraNA (paMcavaraNAH), baU SivArA (to samannata banAmeM meM ullekhanIya yogadAna kiyA aura apane svaro) jaise sUtroM ke sAtha madhyayana prArambha kiyA jAne dArzanika vicAroM se deza ke vAtAvaraNa ko cintanazIla lagA aura chAtroM ko yAda karAyA jAne lgaa| eka pora bnaayaa| 13vIM zatAbdI meM hone vAle hemacandrAcArya bahu- vaidika vidvAna jahAM kevala saMskRta meM hI cipake rahe, vahA~ jainAcAryoM ne deza kI sabhI laukika bhASAmoM kA mAdara zruta vidvAna the jinhoMne samUce bhArata me jJAna ke prati janajana me apUrva zraddhA utpanna kii| unakI lekhanI sazakta kiyA aura uname nayI-nayI kRtiyoM kA nirmANa karake jnthii| vANI me adbhuta prAkarSaNa thA evaM ve cumbakIya jana meM jJAna prasAra kA vizeSa prayAsa kiyaa| vyaktitva ke dhanI the / jJAna ke kisI bhI praga ko unhoMne jainAcAryoM ne bauddhika kSetra meM pora bhI paneka krAntiachatA nahI chodd'aa| kAvya likhe| purANa, umAkaraNa, chanda, kArI prayoga kiye| unhoMne bhASA vizeSa se cipake rahane jyotiSa koSa grAdi sabhI para to unhoMne likhA aura deza kI nIti ko chor3akara una sabhI bhASAmoM meM sAhitya meM hajAroM-lAkhoM ko buddhijIvI banAne meM apanA yoga nirmANa kiyA jo janabhASAyeM thii| inameM apabhraMza hindI diyA / gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI evaM marAThI bhASAmoM ke nAma vize. vyAkaraNoM kA yogadAna Sata: ullekhanIya haiN| vaiyAkaraNo ne dArzanikoM ke samAna hI deza ke bauddhika apabhraMza meM sAhitya nirmANa vikAsa meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| medhA thakti apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAkavi svayambha ne laukika evaM ke svataMtra vikAsa aura cintana kI paramocca sthiti kA prAdezika bhASAmoM ko samAna prAdara dekara deza ke bauddhika nirmANa karane meM vyAkaraNa kA pahalA sthAna rahA hai| vikAsa meM jabaradasta yoga diyaa| unhoMne una sabhI tatvoM pUjyapAda prathama jainAcArya the jinhoMne praSTAdhyAyI para ko zapanA liyA jo tatkAlIna samAja me atyadhika lokaTIkA likhI aura janendra-vyAkaraNa kI racanA kii| isa priya the| isalie eka to jana sAmAnya meM unakI kRtiyoM para abhayanandi (8vI zatAbdI) eva somadeva (11vI ko par3hane meM mabhiruci jAgrata huI; dusare, ina prAcAryoM evaM zatAbdI) ne TIkAeM likhakara ve usake pracAra meM sahAyaka vidvAnoM ko apanI kRtiyo ke mAdhyama se apane krAntikArI bane / navamI zatAbdI me hone vAle zAkaTAyana ne zabdAnu- vicAroM ko janasAdhAraNa taka pahuMcAne meM sahAyatA milii| zAsana kI racanA kii| isa kRti kI TIkA bhI svayaM ne isa dRSTi se puSpadanta, dhanapAla, vIra, nayanandi, narasena, hI likhI jisakA nAma amoghavRtti hai| yaha vyAkaraNa yaza:kIti eva raidhU ke nAma vizeSata: ullekhanIya hai| zAkaTAyana ke nAma se hI prasiddha ho gyaa| 11vI zatAbdI yazaHkIti ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI zrAvaka the, lekina samI meM prAcArya hemacandra ne zabdAnuzAsana likhakara isa kSetra me buddhijIvI the| apabhraMza kAvyoM evaM purANoM ke mAdhyama se eka krAntikArI parivartana kiyaa| isI taraha zivavarmA ne jJAna ke prasAra kA jitanA kArya kaviyoM ne kiyA, vaha eka naye kAtantra vyAkaraNa ko janma diyaa| yaha vyAkaraNa sAhityika itihAsa kA eka zAnadAra pradhyAya hai / inakI pratyadhika sarala evaM saMkSipta hai| isake prArambhika saMdhi sazakta lekhanI ke dvArA janapriya kAvyoM ke nirmANa ke ke sUtra jana-jana ke jIvana meM utara gaye the aura jaina kAraNa kucha samaya taka to pAThaka prAkRta evaM saMskRta kAvyoM vidyAlayoM ke atirikta brAhmaNa paMDitoM dvArA bhI apanAye ko bhUlA baiThe aura cAroM mora apabhraMza kAvyo kI mAMga 1. rAjasthAna ke jaina santa, vyaktitva evaM kRtitva, prastAvanA 4. mahAvIra daulagaya nAmAvalI-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva, 2. jaina lakSaNAvalI, prastAvanA, pR. 18 / prastAvanA, pR.2| 3. jaina graMtha bhaNDAsaM ina rAjasthAna, pR. 168 / 5. prAkRta paura apabhraMza sAhitya, pR.1.2 /
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________________ 14, varSa 31, ki02 hone lgii| isa bhASA meM pramukhataH kAvya, caritra, purANa sAdhAraNa dvArA rasa lenA bauddhika jAyati kA eka pramatapUrva evaM kathAeM hI likhI gayIM, isane spaSTa hai ki unakI lakSaNa hai| deza meM choTe-choTe svAdhyAya-maMDala khole bhaye / racanA janaruci ko dekhakara hI hotI thii| mahAkavi sva. prAdhyAtmika zailiyAM calAyI gayIM jinameM vibhinna zrAvaka yambhU evaM puSpadanta dakSiNa bhArata ke kavi the, lekina unake zrAvikAyeM bhAga lekara carcA karate the| yahI nahIM, guNakAvyoM kA mabase adhika pracAra uttara bhArata meM hmaa| sthAna, mArgaNA, praSTakarma evaM unakI prakRtiyoM para vistRta apabhraMza ke sabhI kaviyoM ne kAvyoM kI racanA svAdhyAya carcA graMtha likhe gye| mAgarA meM isI prakAra kI eka premI zrAvakoM ke prAgraha se kI, jinakI prazastiyAM kAvyoM AdhyAtmika zailI thI jisakA mahAkavi banArasIdAsa ne ke anta me likhI haI milatI haiM jo una kaviyo kI loka- ullekha kiyA hai| priyatA kI mora spaSTa saMketa hai| prAdhyAtmika carcA apabhraza granthoM kI prazastiyoM ke prAdhAra para tatkAla jainAcAryoM ne prAdhyAtmika sAhitya kA nirmANa karake lIna samAja kI sAhityika abhiruci kA patA lagatA hai| janajIvana ko jAgrata banAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| "punarapi usa samaya zrAvakagaNa vidvAmoM se grantha nirmANa kI prArthanA jananaM punarapi maraNaM" ke bhalAve se bacAne ke lie unhoMne karate the| apabhraMza evaM hindI sAhitya ke nirmANa meM aise prAdhyAtmika graMthoM kI racanA kii| mAtmA kI saccI manuhI zrAvakoM kI vizeSa preraNA rahI thii| kavivara bulAkI- bhati ke lie una kriyAnoM para jora diyA jinameM bheda dAsa ko to unakI mAtA jainI ne pANDavapurANa eva prazno- vijJAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| Izvara ke prabhAva se bacane, taropAsakAcAra ke nirmANa meM preraNA dI thI jisakA usame prAsthA rakhakara svayaM niSkriya banane se bacAne ke kavi ne pANDavapurANa me spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai| mahAkavi lie svayaM paramAtmA banAne kI kalpanA anUTho hai tathA rAdhu kA sArA sAhitya aisI hI preraNA dene vAle vyaktiyoM isase usameM svaya hI eka kartatva zakti paidA hotI hai| ke paricaya se bharA par3A hai| AdhyAtmika sAhitya ke racayitAmoM me bhAcArya kundakunda' hindI ko protsAhana kA nAma sarvopari hai jinhone prAkRta bhASA meM pravacanasAra, apabhraza ke pazcAt jaina kaviyo ne prAdezika bhASAmo samayasAra jaisI kRtiyAM likhakara buddhijIviyoM kA mahAna meM aise kAvya-sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA jise jana sAdhA upakAra kiyaa| hamAre mAgama sAhitya me to madhyAtma kA raNa bhI bar3e cAva se par3ha ske| unhone caritra kAvyoM kI anaThA varNana milatA hI hai| lekina unake pazcAt likhe racanA kii| rAsa kAvya likhe| veli phAgu ke nAma se jAne vAle prAkRta, apabhraza, saskRta granthoM meM prAtmA, unameM kucha navInatA dikhalAI / bArahamAsA likhakara / paramAtmA, janma-maraNa mAdi kI jo carcAyeM milato haiM una ghaTanA varNana ke sAtha-sAtha prakRti varNana kiyaa| satasaI, sabase bauddhika jIvana para gaharI chApa par3I tathA usane zataka, paMcAsikA, caubIsI nAma dekara pAThako meM saMkhyA- vaicArika kAnti karane meM apanA vizeSa yoga diyaa|' vAcaka kRtiyo ke prati abhiruci paidA kii| vibhinna prakAra zAstrArtha paramparA ke stavana likhe aura uname bhakti kA alaga-alaga puTa bhI zAstrArthoM kI paramparA ne bhI bauddhika vikAsa meM diyaa| ina kAvyoM meM tatkAlIna samAja kI mAthika dazA, vizeSa yoga diyaa| zaMkarAcArya ne zAstrArthoM dvArA hI bauddha vyApAra, vyApAra ke tarIke, rahana-sahana, khAna-pAna prAdi dharma ko deza se bAhara jAne ko majabUra kiyA thaa| lekina kA acchA paricaya mila sakatA hai| sAhitya nirmANa ke jainAcArya zakarAcArya kI prAMSI me bhI prabhAvita rahe bhora atirikta tAtvika eva dArzanika martha me vidvAnoM evaM jana (zeSa pRSTha 58 para) 1. apabhraza sAhitya, pro0 harivaza kochar3a, pR0 51 / 3. ardhakathAnaka-nAthUrAma premI, pR. 35 / 2. dekhiye, rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI graMtha 4. jaina lakSaNAvalI, asAkhanA, pR. 5 / sUcI, bhAga 3, pR. 64 / 5. apabhraza sAhitya, pR. 265 / -
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________________ syAdvAda yA anekAnta : eka cintana 0 paMDita vardhamAna pA0 zAstrI, siddhAntAcArya paramAgamasyabIja miSiddhagatyaMza siMduravidhAnam / yaha syAvAda kisI prakAra kA koI vighna upasthita nahIM sakalanavilasitAnA virodhamathana namAmyanekAMtam // karatA / -amRtacandva anekAMta-praneke ghetA dharma jisameM hoM use bhanekAMta bhaneka adhoM ne hAthI kabhI nahI dekhA thaa| hAthI kahate hai| syAdvAda kA vahI artha hai| kisI ne pUchA ki dekhane cale gaye / kisI andhe ne kahA ki hAthI khambhe ke kyA padArtha nitya hai ? anekAMtavAdI yaha nahI kahegA ki samAna hai| kisI andhe ne kahA ki hAthI paMkhe ke samAna padArtha nitya hI hai| vaha kahegA ki syAt, hogA, arthAta hai| kisI ne kahA ki hAthI kele ke khUTa ke samAna hai| nitya hogaa| isame yaha bhI artha gabhita hai ki bhanitya kisI ne kahA ki Dhola ke samAna hai| kisI ne haDa bhI hogaa| samAna btaayaa| sAtha hI ina andhoM ne apanI-apanI bAta phira to loga kaheMge ki yaha sazaya hai, kisI viSaya kA samarmana karate hue dUsare ke virodhI kathana ko asvI kA nirNIta rUpa se kathana nahIM karatA hai| to yaha sazaya kAra karate hue mApasa meM jhagar3A bhI kiyaa| jhagar3A , nahI hai| bar3hatA hI jA rahA thaa| koI A~khoM vAlA buddhimAna jA viruddhAnekakoTispazijJAnaM sNshyH| rahA thaa| usane dekhA ki ye prApasa meM lar3a rahe hai, vAstava viruddha aneka koTi ko sparza karane vAlA jJAna sazaya hai / meM jhagar3A kyA hai ? so usakI samajha me paayaa| usane yaha sAMpa hogA? yA rassI hogI? kyA aura kucha hai ? socA ki inhone hAthI ke eka-eka aga ko hAtha lagAyA isa prakAra bicAra karane vAlA saMzaya hai / sazaya meM kisI hai; apanI-apanI apekSA se hAthI kA varNana karate hai| yaha bhI viSaya kA nirNaya nahI ho pAtA hai, parantu isa syAta hAthI kA sampUrNa varNana nahI hai| hAthI to sabhI avayavoM athavA apekSAvAda ke jJAna me nizcitatA hai, mamaka apekSA kA piNDarUpa hai| prastu inakA prAgsa kA jhagar3A miTAnA ' bhagaDA miTAnA se padArtha nitya hai, amuka apekSA se padArtha anitya hai, cAhie, kimI naya kI apekSA eka-eka kA kathana bhI kA kathana bhI amuka apakSa amuka apekSA se usame vastutva hai, amaka apekSA se usameM satya hai / pataH usane kahA ki tumhArA kahanA bhI satya hai, prameyatva hai, ityAdi ananta dharma hone para bhI apekSAvAda tumhArA kahanA bhI satya hai| sabhI andho ko prAnanda se vaha nizcita hai / so yaha sazaya, viparIta va prmdhyvhmaa| jhagar3A miTa gayA, 'bhI' se jhagar3A miTA, 'hI' se sAya mAdika jJAnAbhAsa nahI ho sakatA hai| prataH syAdvAda virodha nahIM mitttaa| isa 'hI' aura 'bhI'kA prantara prane samyagjJAna hai| kAnta hai| ise hI syAdvAn kahate haiM / dUsarI bAta, isakA kathana vastusvarUpa ke anusAra hai| maiM kahatA hUM so satya hI hai, aisA kahane vAlA satya koI bhI kRtrimatA yA vanAvaTI bAta yahAM nahIM hai, kyoMki se bahuta dUra hai| mApa jo kahate haiM vaha bhI satya ho / padArtha usI prakAra maujUda hai| usakA kathana usI prakAra sakatA hai, yaha kahane se virodha ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| kiyA jA rahA hai| isameM kRtrimatA kyA hai? padArthoM meM mananta dharma vidyamAna, hai use apekSAvAda se hI hama samajha isalie yaha anekAnta yA syAvAda nayoM ke dvArA sakate hai| apekSAvAda ko chor3a diyA jAya to usakA utpanna viroSa ko mittaa| vastusthiti ke sAdhya meM kathana hama nahIM kara sakate haiN| mataH prapekSAvAda kI pratyanta
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________________ 16 barSa 31, ka.. anekAnta pAvazyakatA hai| prapekSAvAda ke binA eka pattA bhI hila sthAdvAdo vidyate yatra, pakSapAto na vidyate / nahIM sakatA hai, jIma to kaise hile ? jahA~ syAvAda hai vahAM pakSapAta nhiiN| prAcArya hemacandra ne padArtha jisa prakAra astitva meM ho, usakA usI prakAra isase bhI bhAge bar3hakara kahA kikathana karanA caahie| usa prakAra kathana na kareM to usakA pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSa: kapilAdiyu / kathana hI prayathArtha hogA, arthAt vaha jJAna satya jJAna nahIM hai| yuktimadvacana yasya tasya kAryaH prigrhH|| anekAnta yA syAvAda hameM prapekSAvAda ko sikhAtA hai| mujhe bhagavAna mahAvIra meM bhI pakSapAta nahI hai, aura yaha bhI kahatA hai ki padArtha jisa prakAra hai, use usI kapilavAdikoM ke prati dveSa bhI nahIM hai, jinakA kathana prakAra kathana karane kA abhyAsa kro| yuktiyukta hai use svIkAra maiM karatA huuN| jahAM manekAnta hai vahAM para koI vivAda utpanna nahIM syAthAda kI utpatti kyoM? hotA hai| aneka samasyAyeM isa anekAnta ke kAraNa apane naya do prakAra ke hai / naya do prakAra ke kahane kI pApa sulajha jAtI haiN| prataH pratyeka padArtha ko samajhane ke apekSA, apekSAvAda do prakAra kA hai yaha kahane se kAma cala lie isa apekSAvAda kA upayoga prAvazyaka hai, isameM para sakatA hai| apekSAvAda do prakAra kA hai yaha kahane kI spara koI virodha bhI nahIM hai| apekSA padArtha umI prakAra se hai yaha kaha diyA jAya to prakAza-prandhakAra, zatra-mitra, guru-ziSya, pati-patnI, adhika samajasa dikha skegaa| baiThanA-uThanA, sonA-jAganA, gehUM-cAvala, ghI tela, namaka ___naya vivakSA do prakAra se hai-dravyAthika aura paryAmirca mAdi sarva vyavahAra apekSAvAda se yukta hai, apekSA yAyika / vAda ko chor3akara hama ina zabda prayogoM ko nahI kara / dravya kI apekSA rakhane vAlA, dravya hI jisakA prayosakate haiN| jana ho, dravya kI dRSTi ko rakhakara kathana karane vAlA naya eka hI vyakti meM pitRsva, putratva, bhrAtRtva, kaniSTha dravyAthika hai| paryAya kI dRSTi ko rakhakara padArtha kA bhrAtRtva, jyeSTha bhrAtRtva, mAmApanA, bhAnajApanA, prAdi vicAra karane vAlA, paryAya kI apekSA rakhakara vicAra sambandha vidyamAna haiN| ina sabako apekSAvAda se jAnanA karane vAlA, paryAya hI jisakA prayojana ho vaha paryAyAthika caahie| apekSAvAda ke binA hama padArthoM ko samajhane me naya hai| nayoM kA samudAya hI pramANa hai| ata: yaha asamartha raheMge, majJAnI bane rheNge| naya bhI pramANa kA ekadeza hone se pramANa-svarUpa hai| padArya ko jaisA hai vaisA samajhanA hI samyagzAna hai| ise maharSi pUjyapAda ne 'kSIrArNavajala ghaTagRhItamiva', samyagjJAna ke binA vastu ke nizcita svarUpa kA jJAna nahIM kSIrasamudra ke pAsa se eka ghar3e me jaisA leveM to vaha kSIra. ho sakatA hai| vastu ke nizcita svarUpa ke binA apanA bhI mAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| prataH vaha nirapekSavAdI sarva jJAnoM samudra hai kyA-nahIM, kSIrasamudra kA jala hai kyA ? hai, se vaMcita rahatA hai| syAvAda samanvayavAda hai, padArtha ko| isa prakAra pramANa ekadeza pramANAtmaka uttara milegA, isI prakAra naya meM pramANa kA ekadezatva hai| sarvathA svIkAra nahI karanA hai, usameM kathaMcit artha mabhipreta hai| kathaMcit partha jahAM abhipreta ho vahAM para koI phira dravya-paryAya dRSTi kyA hai ? vivAda utpanna nahIM ho sakatA hai| prAcArya umAsvAmI ne dravya kA lakSaNa karate hue jahAM pakSapAta hai vahIM vivAda utpanna hotA hai, pakSa- kahA ki 'sata dravyalakSaNam', sat dravya kA lakSaNa hai| sat pAta rahita svAbhAvika kathana meM vivAda hI utpanna nahIM kyA hai| isakA uttara dete hue prAcArya ne kahA haiM ki ho sakatA hai| isIlie kahA gayA hai ki 'utpAdadhyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat'; utpatti, vinAza aura dhruvatA
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________________ syAvAvayA anekAnta : eka cintana 57 sata kahalAtA hai, arthAta ye tInoM bAteM usa dravya meM hai| syAdasti nAsti-kathacit vaha padArtha ubhayarUpa pUrva paryAya kA vinAza. vartamAna paryAya kI utpatti, yaha hai, kyoMki kama se dono kI apekSA hai| jisa prakAra paryAya meM hotI hai usI prakAra dhruvatA dravyatva syAdavaktavya- - kathacit vaha pravaktavya hai kyoki me rahatI hai| udAharaNa ke lie, eka manuSya jIva ko donoM kI eka sAtha vivakSA hone se kathana nahIM kiyA jA lIjie / vaha pahale tiryaJca yoni me thaa| aba paryAya kI sakatA hai / ataH pravaktavya hai| dRSTi se manuSya yoni me usakI utpatti huI, tiryaJca pravaktavya hone para usakA astitva kase mAnA nAve? yoni kA vinAza hamA, arthAt tiryaJca bhI usakA paryAya taba pAcavAM bhaMga udaya meM paayaa| thA, manuSya gati bhI eka paryAya hai| ataH paryAya kI daSTi syAdasti pravaktavya---padArtha maujUda hai parantu se usakI utpatti va vinAza humA / parantu dravya dRSTi se pravaktavya hai| apane svacatuSTaya kI apekSA se vaha astitva vaha jIva thA, abhI bhI jIva hai, prAge bhI jIva rhegaa| me hai tathApi hama usakA kathana nahIM kara sakate hai| jIvatva kA vinAza kabhI nahI hogA, usame dhruvatA hai / syAnnAsti pravaktavya paracatuSTaya kA umama isa dRSTi se usakA nAza kabhI nahI hogaa| ataH nitya hai, paryAya anitya hai| prabhAva hai / prataH kathacit nAsti vaktavya hai| yahA para catuSTaya kI apekSA nahI hone para bhI pravaktavya hai| ina dono nayo kA vicAra karane para syAdvAda kI syAdastinAsti avaktavya-dAno vivakSA se utpatti hotI hai| ina dono nayoM kI apekSA padArtha ko astitva nAstitva dharma ke eka kAla me hone para bhI marvathA nitya, sarvathA anitya nahI kaha sakate hai| syAt / pravaktavya hai| nitya, syAt anitya kaha sakate hai| ina saba bhaMgoM meM utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya kI apekSA kara mAnavIya prANI kI zakti, baddhi prAdi sImita hone lenI caahie| ise svAmI samantabhadra ne eka sundara udA. ke kAraNa ananta dharmoM se yukta padArtha kA ananta dharmoM se haraNa dekara samajhAyA hai-- ullekha nahI kiyA jA sakatA hai, isalie sAta vivakSAno ghaTamaulisuvarNArthI nAzotpAdasthitidhvayam / me una sabhI dharmoM kA antarbhAva kara kaha diyA jAtA hai| zokapramodamAdhyasthAM jano yAti sahetukam // use saptabhaMgI kahate hai, isa prakAra kA artha bhaga hai, sAta prAptamImAsA, 56. prakAro se yukta hai / prataH vaha syAdvAda saptabhaMgI kahalAtA eka manuSya ko sone ke ghar3e kI jarUrata thI, dUsara ko sone ke makuTa kI jarUrata thI, tIsare ko sone kI jarUrata saptabhaMgI kyA hai ? thii| tInoM sarApha kI dukAna me gye| jisako ghar3e kI jarUrata thI vaha nirAza humA, kyoMki sagapha ne kahA ki __ padArtha kA svacatuSTaya-paracatuSTaya kI dRSTi se vicAra mere pAsa sone kA ghar3A thA, parantu usake lie koI grAhaka kiyA jAtA hai / dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva ve catuSTaya hai, na hone se use tur3avAyA evaM sone kA makuTa banavAyA; apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhASa svacatuSTaya haiM, dUsaroM ke dravya, makUTa ko lene vAle ko harSa humA, kyoki vaha makuTa kSetra, kAla, bhAva paracatuSTaya hai / cAhatA thA, parantu jo kevala monA cAhatA thA use nahara syAdasti-apane catuSTaya (svacataSTaya) kI apekSA na vipAda, madhyastha bhAva hai, kyoMki ghar3e meM bhI sonA hai, padArtha maujUda hai| ___ mukuTa me bhI sonA hai| isalie use tor3ane kA na vipAda sthAnnAsti-paracatuSTaya kI apekSA se padArtha nahIM hai aura na banAne kA hrss| hai, arthAt padArtha meM astitva nAstitva donoM dharma prAye / yahAM para prAcArya ne dravya aura bhAva donoM meM utpAda,
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________________ 58, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta vyaya, prauvya kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| bar3e kA vinAza va se koI bheda nahIM hai| zrutajJAna parokSa hai, kevalajJAna pratyakSa makaTa kI utpatti, ye sone meM do paryAya dRSTigocara hote hai, itanA hI antara hai| hai| usake sAtha hI eka meM zoka kI utpatti aura harSa kA isa prakAra samajhakara svAdvAdarUpI zrutakevalajJAna se nAza dIkha rahA hai, to dUsare meM viSAda kA nAza va harSa kI jo padArthoM kA jJAna karatA hai vaha na bhUlatA hai, vastU svautpatti dIkha rahI hai, tathA tIsare udAharaNa me jisa prakAra rUpa ke samajhane meM na dhokA khAtA hai, aura na vahA para sone meM sarvatra dhruvatA hai usI prakAra pariNAma me bhI vivAda utpanna hotA hai / paraspara vaiSamya ko vaha anekAMta mAdhyastha yA dhruvatA hai| na harSa hai aura na viSAda hai| dUra kara hara eka me samanvaya dRSTi ko nirmANa karatA hai| pariNAma dhruvatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki syAdvAda loka me zAMti ko utpanna iu prakAra sarva tattvoM ko prakAzita karane vAle syA- karane ke lie kAraNa hai| dAda kA prAcArya ne kevalajJAna ke rUpa meM varNana kiyA hai- nayacakra pAraMgata prAcArya amRtacandra spaSTata: nirdeza syAdvAdakevalajJAne sarvatattvaprakAzake / karate haiM kibheda: sAkSAdasAkSAcca vastvanyatama bhavet // iti vividhabhaMgagahane sudustare mArgamUDhadRSTInAm / -prAptamImAMsA 105 guravo bhavanti zaraNa prabuddhanayacakrasaMcArAH // sarva tattva ko prakAzita karane vAlA syAdvAda bhI -puruSArthasidhyupAya, 58. kevalajJAna ke samAna hI hai| bheda sirpha itanA hI hai ki isa prakAra vibhinna naya ke prayoga meM aneka bhaMga haiM, kevalajJAna pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai / syAdvAda parokSa rUpa se aura kaThina hai / mithyAdRSTi jIva isa bhavakAnana me calate jAnatA hai| dono meM jJAna kI dRSTi se koI bheda nahI hai| hue kabhI-kabhI mArga bhUla jAtA hai, idhara-udhara bhaTakatA eka kevala hai, dUsarA zrutakevala hai| eka pratyakSa hai, dUsarA rahatA hai / bhaTakanA bhI cAhie sasAra meM bhaTakanA yA parokSa hai| isa bAta kA samarthana nemicandra siddhAnta-cakra- paribhramaNa karanA hI sasAra kA vAstavika lakSaNa hai| vartI ne bhI kiyA hai| jo isa nayacakra kA ThIka-ThIka prakAra se prayoga nahIM kara sUdakevalaM ca NANa doNivi sarisANi hoti bohaado|| sakeM aura nayacakra meM cakkara khAkara bhaTakate rahe, ve ise sudaNANaM tu parokkha paccaya kevala NANam // samajhane ke lie, isa nayacakra meM saMcAra karane meM pravINa, -gommaTasAra jIvakADa sadA nizzaka vicaraNa karane vAle sadgurupro kI zaraNa arthAt zrutajJAna me aura kevalajJAna meM jJAna kI apekSA jAveM / apane pApa usakA parijJAna ho jaaygaa|ne (pRSTha 54 kA zeSAMza) prakalaMka, vidyAmandi, haribhadra suri, samantabhadra jaise prAcAryoM jana sAmAnya ke bauddhika vikAsa ke lie zikSaNane apane zAstrArthoM dvArA deza meM eka nayI lahara paMdA kii| sasthAna sthApita kiye gye| deza ke prAcInatama nagaroM meM prAcArya samantabhadra ke ye do padya tatkAlIna bauddhika jIvana aise hI vidyAlaya the, jiname prAimarI zikSA ke pazcAta para acchA prakAza DAlate hai : vidyArthiyoM ko dArzanika, sAhityika evaM dhArmika zikSA 'pUrva pATaliputra madhyanagare bharI mayA tADitA, dI jAtI thii| nAlandA ke samAna anya zikSaNa sasthAye bhI pazcAmAlasindhu ThakkaviSaye kAcIpure vaidishe| thI jiname gurukuloM ke rUpa meM vidyArthiyo ko zikSA dI prApto'ha karahATakaM bahubhaTaM vidyotkaTaM sakaTa, bAdArthI vica rAmyaha narapate zArdUlavikrIDitam / jAtI thii| 10vI zatAbdI me bAMrA me aura 15vIM 'prAcAryo'ha kavirahamahaM vAdigaTa paDito'ha, zatAbdI meM naNavA' (rAja.) me aisI hI zikSaNa saMsthAyeM devo'haM bhiSagahamahaM mAMtrikastAntriko'ham / thii| inake atirikta, rAjasthAna me hI bhAmera, ajamera, rAjannasyA jalavilayAmekhalAyAmilApAmAjJA- jaisalamera, nAgaura, sAgavADA meM vidyAthiyoM ko par3hAne ke siddhaH kimiti bahunA siddhasArasvano'ham / / lie zikSaNa saMsthAna the|' 1. jaina sAhitya mora itihAsa para vizada prakAza, pR. 17 / 2. vahI, pR. 242 / 3. jaina grantha bhaNDAra ina rAjasthAna, pR. 227 / 4. vahI, pR. 231 / 7. vahI, pR. 202 /
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________________ santakavi raidhU aura unakA sAhitya D DA. rAjArAma jaina, ema. e , pI-eca. DI. bhAratIya vADamaya ke unnayana maiM jina bareNya sAdhakoM sArayaru aNu puNa baccha bhAu, ne anavarata zrama evaM athaka sAdhanA karake apanA ullekhya ja jaM dIsa iNANA sahAja / taM ta ji etthu pAviyai savvu, yogadAna kiyA hai, uname mahAkavi raidhu apanA pramukha labbhaipa kavva-maNikku bhannu / sthAna rakhate haiN| unhone papane jIvana kAla ke sImita samaya etthu ji vaha buha Ni vasahiu kiTTa, me 23 sa bhI adhika vizAla apabhraza, prAkRta grantho kI Nau sukau ko vi dIrAi maNi? / racanA karake sAhitya jagat ko Azcaryacakita kiyA hai| bho NisuNi viyakkhaNa kahAmi tujha, racanAyo kA viSaya vaividhya, saskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza evaM 'kkhami Na kipi Niyacitagujjha / himdI prAdi bhASAmo kA asAdhAraNa pANDitya, itihAsa pattAeva saMskRti kA talasparzI jJAna, samAja eva rASTra ko taha puNukavarayaNa rayaNAyaru bAlamitta pramhahaM haaus| sAhitya, saMgIta evaM kalA ke prati jAgarUka karAne kI tuhu mahu sacca u puNNa sahAyau mahu maNiccha pUraNa praNa raayu|| kSamatA jaisI ukta kavi me dikhAI par3atI hai, vaisI anyatra --sammata0 171-7 tathA 131418-6 kaThinAI se hI prApta ho skegii| arthAt "he kavivara, zayanAsana, hAthI, ghor3e, dhvajA, kavi kI kavitva-zakti usake varNya viSaya me to chatra, camara, sundara rAniyAM, ratha, senA, sonA, dhana-dhAnya, spaSTa dikhatI hI hai, kintu samAja eva rAjanyavarga ke logo bhavana, sampatti, koSa, nagara, deza, grAma, bandhu-bAndhava, ko bhI usane mAhitya eva kalApremI banA diyA thaa| yaha sundara santAna, putra, bhAI grAdi sabhI mujhe upalabdha haiN| mahAkavi ra idha kI advitIya dena hai| aisI lokokti maubhAgya se kimI bhI prakAra kI bhautika sAmagrI kI majha prasiddha hai ki lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA sadA se bairabhAva kamI nahI hai| kintu itanA saba hone para bhI mujhe eka calA pAyA hai| kaI jagaha yaha ukti satya bhI siddha huI vastu kA abhAva sadaiva khaTakatA rahatA hai, ghora vaha yaha ki hai. lekina kavi ne unakA jaisA samanvaya kiyA-karAyA, mere pAsa kAvyarUpI eka bhI sundara maNi nahIM hai| isake vahI usakI viziSTa evaM adbhuta maulikatA hai| udAhara- binA merA sArA aizvarya phIkA-phIkA lagatA hai| he kAmaNArtha kavi kI prazastitoM meM se eka pra-yanta mArmika prasaga rUpI ratnoM ke ratnAkara, tuma to mere snehI vAlamitra ho, upasthita kiyA jAtA hai, jisase kavi pratibhA kA camatkAra tumhI hamAre sacce puNya-sahAyaka ho, mere mana kI icchA spaSTa dekhane ko mila jAtA hai| paripUrNa karane vAle ho / isa nagara me bahuta se vidvajjana mahAkavi ra idha kI sAdhanA-bhUmi gopAcala (gvAliyara) nivAsa karate hai, kintu mujhe prApa jaisA koI bhI bhanya me tatkAlIna tomaravaMzI rAjA DUgarasiha ke mantrI sababI sukavi nahIM dikhtaa| ataH he kavi zreSTha, maiM apane hRdaya kamalasiMha nivAsa karate the, jo sthitipAlaka eva udAra- kI granthi kholakara saca-saca apane mana kI bAta prApa se manA the / rAjyapadAdhikArI hone se ve rAjyakAryoM meM bar3e kahatA hUM ki prApa eka kAvya kI racanA karake mujha para vyasta rahate the| eka dina ve usase ghabarAkara raidha se apanI mahatI kRpA kiijie|" kamalasiMha ke ukta nivadana bheMTa karate hai tathA nivedana karate hai para kavine 'sammattaguNaNihANa kanva' nAmaka eka adhyAtma sayaNAsaNa tabera turaga, evaM darzana ke grantha kI racanA kii| dhaya-chata-camara-bhAmiNi-rahaga / ukta mahAkavi kA kAla antarvAhya sAkSyo ke prAcAra kaMcaNa-ghaNa-kaNa-ghara-daviNa-kosa, para vi. sa. 1440-1530 siddha hotA hai| pichale 15 jANai japAi jaNiya tosa / taha puNa NayarAyara-desa-gAma, varSoM ke nirantara prayAso se ukta kavi ke 21 prantha ina baMdhava NaMdaNa NayaNAhirAma / paktiyo ke lekhaka ko bhArata ke vividha zAstrabhaNDAro se
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________________ 60, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta upalabdha athavA jJAta ho sake hai, jinakI vargIkRta sUcI unake putra rAjA kItisiMha ne rAjya kI koTi-koTi madrAeM isa prakAra hai vyaya karake taitIsa varSoM taka lagAtAra agaNita jaina mUrtiyoM carita sAhitya kA nirmANa gopAcala durga meM karAyA thaa| uname se kaI (1) mahesara cariu (meghezvaracarita), (2) balahaddacariu (valabhadracarita), (3) jima dharacariu (jImandhara. mUttiyAM vizAla hai| eka mUrti to 57 phuTa U~cI hai| carita), (4) siri sirivAlacariu (zrI zrIpAlacarita), sakhyA, vizAlatA evaM kalA vaibhava meM ve anupama hai| (5) jasaharacariu (yazodharacarita), (6) sammaijiNa isI prakAra candravADapaTTana (aAdhunika canduvAra, jilA cariu (sanmatijinacarita), (7) harivaMzacariu (hari phirojAbAda, u0 pra0) nivAsI zrI kunthudAsa nagaraseTha vazacarita), (4) sukkosalacariu (sukauzalacarita), ne bhI kavi kI preraNA se hIre, motI, mANikya kI aneka (6) dhaNNakumAracariu (dhanya kumAracarita), (10) sati- mUttiyo kA nirmANa karAkara pacakalyANaka pratiSThAeM kI NAhacariu (zAntinAthacarita), (11) pAsaNAhacariu thiiN| upalabdha bhAratIya itihAsa me matikalA sambandhI (paashvnaathcrit)| ukta ghaTanAmo kI carcA nahIM kI gii| aisA kyoM hamA? prAcAra, darzana eva siddhAnta sAhitya yaha kAraNa ajJAta hai| kintu aba raidha-sAhitya-prazastiyo pAsavakahA piNyAzravakathA), (13) sAva- ke prAdhAra para madhyakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke pUnarlekhana yacariu (dhAvakacarita), (14) sammataguNaNihANakavva kI AvazyakatA hai| mamyaktvagaNanidhAna kAvya), (15) appasabohakavva prazastiyo kI dUsarI vizeSayatA yaha hai ki unameM sambodha kAvya), (16) aNathamiukahA (anasta. kASThAsagha, mAthura gacchakI puSkaragaNa zAkhA ke aneka ta kathA), (17) siddhatatthasAra (siddhAntArthasAra), bhaTTArako ko zramabaddha paramparA prApta hai / kavi ne devasena, evaM (18) vittasAra (vRttsaar)| vimalasena, dharmasena, bhAvasena, sahasrakItti, guNakItti, yaza:adhyAtma sAhitya kotti, zrIpAla brahma, khemacandra, malayakIrti, guNabhadra, vijaya(16) bArA bhAvanA, (20) solaha kAraNa jayamAlA, sena, kSemakIti, hemakItti, kamalakotti, zubhacandra evaM (21) dazalakSaNadharma jayamAlA / kumArasena ke ullekha kiye hai| yadyapi ye ullekha sakSipta ukta grantho ke atirikta kavi dvArA viracita mahA evaM prasaMgaprApta hai, kintu unake krama evaM samaya nirdhAraNa purANa, sudasaNacariu (sudarzanacarita), pajjuNacariu tathA unake sAdhanApUrNa kAryoM ko samajhane ke lie ve (pradyumnacarita), bhavisayattacariu (bhaviSyadattacarita), mahattvapUrNa sandarbha sAmagrI prastuta karate hai / karakaDacariu (karakaDucarita) prabhRtti grantha anupalabdha hai, raighU ne pUrvavartI apabhraza kaviyo meM caumuha (catukintu unakA anveSaNa kArya jArI hai| makha) droNa, IzAna, svayambha, puSpadanta, dhanapAla, vIra, raidhu sAhitya kI vizeSatAe~ dhavala, dhIrasena, paviSeNa, surasena tathA dinakarasena tathA sAhitya kI sarvaprathama vizeSatA hai usakI vistRta saskRta kaviyo meM devanandi, jinasena (prathama aura dvitI) stiyaaN| kavi ne apane prAya: sabhI grantho ke evaM raviSeNa ke ullekha kiye hai| apabhraza eva hindI ke prAti evaM anta meM prazastiyoM kA akana kiyA hai, jinake anusandhitsumo ke lie dhIrasena, paviSeNa, surasena eva mAdhyama se kavi ne samakAlIna sAhityika, dhArmika, dinakarasena ina cAra kaviyo ke nAma navIna hai| raidha ne prAdhika, rAjanaitika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika paristhi- unakI kramaza. pramANa, naya pramANa, nehesaracarita evaM tiyo para masTara prakAza DAlA hai| ina prazastiyo se aNagacariu nAma kI kRtiyo ke ullekha kiye haiN| ina vidita hotA hai ki tomaravazI rAjA DUMgarasiMha eva kAtti- granthoM ke anveSaNa eva prakAzana se nizcaya hI sAhityika siMha tathA cauhAnavazI rAjA rudrapratApa kavi ke paramabhakta itihAsa ke punanirmANa meM kaI daSTiyo se sahAyatA tathA sAhitya eva kathA rasika the| rAjA DUgarasiMha tathA milegii|
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________________ santakavi samora unakA sAhitya mahAkavi ra idhu ne apane prAzrayadAtAmoM kI 11-11 nika, saiddhAntika eva prAdhyAtmika granthoM kA bhI praNayana pIr3hiyoM taka kI kula paramparAeM evaM unake dvArA kie gaye kiyA hai| yadyapi ukta granthoM meM nirUpita biSaya kundakunda sAhitya, dharma, tIrtha, mUtti-nirmANa, mandira nirmANa, dAna prAbhata pUrvAcAryoM se hI paramparA-prApta hai, isa kAraNa evaM rAjya sevA sambandhI kAryoM para acchA prakAza DAlA unameM maulikatA bhale hI na ho, to bhI 'nadyA navaghaTe hai| ina sandarbho ke AdhAra para mAlavA ke madhyakAlIna jalam' vAlI ukti ke anusAra viSapa ke prastutIkaraNa meM samAja ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kA prAmANika lekhA- avazya hI nimna prakAra ke vaiziSTya dRSTigocara hote haijokhA taiyAra ho sakatA hai| isa viSaya meM sakSepa ma yaha 1. siddhAnta prasphoTana ke lie prAkhyAna kA prastutIkahA jA sakatA hai ki raidhu-sAhitya madhyakAlIna pari- karaNa / sthitiyoM kA eka pratinidhi sAhitya hai| usame rAjatantra 2. bahumakhI pratibhA dvArA siddhAntoM kA sarala rUpa meM prastutIkaraNa / evaM zAsana vyavasthA, mAmAjika-jIvana, parivAra-gaThana eva 3. viSayo kA krama-niyojana / parivAra ke ghaTaka, vANijya-prakAra, AyAta-niryAta kI 4. dArzanika viSayo kA kAvya ke pariveza meM prastutIsAmagriyo kI sUcI, samudra-yAtrAyeM, prAcAra-vyavahAra, mano. karaNa / rajana, zikSA-paddhati sambandhI bahumUlya sAmagrI prApta 5 prAcAra ke kSetra me maulikatA kA prvesh| hotI hai| mahAkavi raigha ne apane samasta vAGmaya me cAra prAcIna eva madhyakAlIna bhAratIya bhUgola kI daSTi bhASAmo kA prayoga kiyA hai--maskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza se bhI raidhU sAhitya kama mahattvapUrNa nhii| bhAratavarSa kI eva hindii| maskRta meM kavi ne koI svatantra racanA nahI madhyakAlIna rAjanaitika sImAe~; vividha nagara, deza, grAma, kI, kintu granthoM kI sandhiyo ke grAdi eva anta meM Adi pattana, parvata, nadiyAM, vanaspatiyA~, jIva-jantu, Adima maMgala yA AzIrvAdAtmaka vicAra saMskRta ke prAryA, vasanta. jAtiyA, khanija padArtha, yAtAyAta ke sAdhana prAdi sambandhI tilakA, mAlinI, indravajrA, upendravanA, mandAkrAntA, sAmagrI isame prastuta hai| zikhariNI, sragdharA, zArdUlavikrIDita jaise vividha zlokoM sAhityika dRSTi se raighu ke prabandhAtmaka prAkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se vyakta kiye hai| upalabdha grantho me aise kA gambhIra adhyayana karane se unakI nimnalikhita vizeSa- zloko kI saMkhyA 120 ke lagabhaga hai| iloko kI tAe~ parilakSita hotI hai samkRta bhASA pANinI-sammata hI hai, kintu kahI-kahI usa 1. paurANika pAtroM para yuga-prabhAva / para prAkRta, apabhraMza kA prabhAva bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai| 2. prabandho kI antarAtmA me paurANikatA kA pUrNa raidhU kI prAkRta racanAoM meM zaurasenI prAkRta kA samAveza rahane para bhI kavi dvArA prabandhoM kA svecchayA prayoga milatA hai| usameM kvacit prardhamAgadhI eva mahA gaSTrI ke zabda prayoga bhI dRSTigocara hote haiN| 3. carita-vaividhya / ___ kavi kI eka racanA hindI meM bhI upalabdha hai| 4. paurANika prabandho meM kAvyatva kA mayojana / yadyapi vaha atyanta laghakRti hai, jisame mAtra 36 padya hai, 5. prabandhAvayavoM kA santulana / kintu bhASA, vidhA eva chAdarUpo kI dRSTi se vaha mahattva. 6. marmasthaloM kA saMyojana / pUrNa kRti hai / usa racanA kA nAma hai-'bArA bhAvanA' / 7. uddezya kI dRSTi se sabhI prabandha kAvyo kA sA- isame dohA, caupAI, mizrita gItA chanda me dvAdazAnudRzya, kintu jIvana kI prAdyanta anvitikA pRthaktva- prekSApo kA baDA hI mArmika varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa nirUpaNa / racanA kI hindI apabhraMza se prabhAvita hai aura usake prabandha pAkhyAnoM ke atirikta kavi ne 'sammattaguNa- 'karau', 'kero' jaise parasagoM ke prayoga upalabdha hai| usame NihANakavva', 'vittasAra', 'siddhAntArthasAra', jaise dArza- rAjasthAnI braja, bundelI eva baghelI, zabdoM ke prayoga bhI punargaThana /
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________________ 62, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta prApta hote hai| vastutaH kavi kI isa laghukRti meM prAcIna kavi yA sAhityakAra ke astitva kI sambhAvanA nahIM kI hindI ke vikAsa kI eka nizcita paramparA vatamAna hai| jA sktii| rasa kI amata srotasvinI pravAhita karane ke mahAkavi raidhU mUlatayA apabhraza ke kavi hai| prataH ke kavi hai| ataH sAtha madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke cirantana prAvoM unakI tIna kRtiyAM chor3akara zeSa sabhI apabhraza bhASA me bhASA ma kI pratiSThA karane vAlA yaha prathama sArasvata hai, jisake hI nibaddha hai| unakI apabhraMza pariniSThita apamraza hai, para vyaktitva meM eka sAtha itihAsakAra, dArzanika, prAcAra. usame kahI kahI aisI zabdAvaliyoM bhI prayukta hai, jo zAstra-praNetA evaM krAnti draSTA kA samanvaya huaA hai| prAdhanika bhAratIya bhASAmo kI zabdAvalI se samakakSatA kavi kI upalabdha samasta racanAyo kA parizIlana rakhatI hai| udAharaNArtha kucha zabda yahA prastuta hai- bihAra sarakAra ke zikSA vibhAga kI ora se 'apabhraMza ke TopI, muggadAli (mUga kI dAla), ladagau (le mahAkavi raigha kI racanAmoM kA pAlocanAtmaka pari. gayA), sAlI (patnI kI bahina), paTavArI, bakkala bolI kA bAhana), paTavArA, bakkala zIlana' nAmaka zodhagrantha ke rUpa me zIghra hI prakAzita ho (bandelI, bakalA-chilakA), Dhora, jagala, podalu, (poTalI), rahA hai tathA 'jIvarAja granthamAlA', zolApura (mahArASTra) khaTa (khATa), gAlI, jhar3appa, khoja (khAjanA), lakar3I, kI pora se 'raigha-granthAvalI' ke rUpa meM samagra raidhupITTi (pITa kara), Dhilla (DhIlA) Adi / sAhitya 16 bhAgoM meM sarvaprathama sampAdita hokara prakAzita bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI mahAkavi raidhU nissandeha hone jA rahA hai| usakA prathama bhAga prakAzita hai tathA hI bhAratIya vAGmaya ke itihAsa ke eka jAjvalyamAna dvitIya evaM tRtIya bhAga yantrastha hai| inake prakAzana se nakSatra hai / bipula eva vividha sAhitya racanAmo kI dsstti| zrA ko dRSTi kaI navIna tathyoM para prakAza par3ane kI sambhAvanAeM hai| se unakI tulanA meM Thaharane vAle kisI anya pratispardhI 000 (pAvaraNa pR. 3 kA zeSASa). harivazapurANa kA samasta vajana kisI na kisI prayathArtha hai| naMgama, magraha, vyavahAra RjusUtra, zabda, samabhi prakAra se mukti prAdi kAryoM se sambaddha hai / tIrthaMkaro, paca rUDha praura evamabhata- ye sAta naya hai| pUrva tIna to dravyAparameSThiyo ke stavana ke sAtha-sAtha vibhinna prAcAro aura zika ke bheda hai aura pravaziSTa cAra paryAyAthika ke bheda hai| vyavahAro kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / purANa ma sarvatobhadra,32 pApo kI pAca praNAliyA hai --hiMsA, asatya, steya, mahAsarvatobhadra,"cAndrAyaNa' mAdi aneka vrato, upavAso kI kuzIla aura parigraha / inase virakta honA cAritra hai|36 vidhiyo evaM unake phalo kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ukta pAcoM pApo se pUrNata: virakti kA nAma samyak darzana ke pramukha tIna aga hai--(1) samyagdarzana cAritra hai| vyavahAra naya aura nizcaya naya ko kramazaH (2) samyagjJAna aura (3) samyakcArita / jainAgama me zrAvaka aura muni pAlana karate hai| jIva, jIva, bhAsrava, bandha, savara, nirjarA, mokSa, pApa vrata, upavAsa, tapa Adi kA dhArmika sAdhanA se aura pUNya ye nau tattva kahe gaye hai| ina jIvAjIvAdi abhinna sambandha hai| isa deza meM loga nAnA prakAra ke tatvArthoM kI saccI zraddhA kA nAma gamyagdarzana hai|5 vratopavAsa Adi dharma bhAvanA se karate rahe hai| jainetara vastu anantadharmAtmaka hotI hai| unameM se kisI eka sampradAyoM meM cAndrAyaNa vrata karane kA pracalana rahA hai| nizcita dharma kA grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna naya kahalAtA svaya candramA ke dvArA cAndrAyaNa vrata kiye jAne ke vyAja hai / isake dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika ke bheda se do bheda se harivaMzakAra ne isa vrata ke pracalana kA ullekha kiyA haiM--iname dravyAthika naya yathArtha hai aura paryAyAthika taya hai| (34vA srg)| 32. hariva zapurANa, 34352-55 / 33. harivazapurANa, 34157-58 / 34. harivazapurANa, 34160 / 35. tatvArthazraddhAnam samyagdarzanam, tatvArthasUtra, 112 36. hisAnRtacauryamyo maithunasevAparigrahAmyA ca / pApa praNANikAmyA virati: saMjJasya cArijJam / / 37 harivazapurANa, 107 / -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra / / 46 / / 38. isa vratame kRSNa pratipadA ke dinase candramA ghaTane ke sAtha-sAtha pratidina eka-eka grAsa bhojana ghaTAte hue mamAvasyA ke dina pUrNa nirAhAra rahA jAtA hai, aura zukla pratipadA ko eka grAsa bhojana lekara pratidina eka-eka grAsa bar3hAte hue pUrNimA ke dina kevala 15 grAsa mAhAra liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha vrata eka mAsa me pUrNa hotA hai| zrAvakAcAra / 5 grAsa mAhAra zukla pratipadA ko pratidina eka-eka
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________________ 'jana' harivaMzapurANa kAlIna bhArata ko sAMskRtika jhalaka esa. premacanda jaina ema. e., pI-eca. DI. pratyeka yuga kA saccA sAhityakAra, kavi yA mahAkavi harivaMzapurANa ke 11veM sagaM meM vaNita bhagavAna RSabhadeva svayaM apane samaya kI bhaugolika, sAmAjika, rAjanaitika aura ko dIkSA ke prakaraNa meM cAroM dizAmoM ke aneka nagaro ke aitihAsika paristhitiyo ke pariprekSya me evaM pRSThabhUmi ke ullikhita hone se hotI hai---kurUjAgala, pAMcAla, surasena, paTa para hI apane varNya viSaya ke kAla ko pramaka sthiti paTaMcara, yavana, abhIra aura bhadraka, kvAthatoya, tuligaM, ke citra kI rekhAe akti karatA hai| cAhe vaha kisI bhI kAzI, kozalya, bhadrAkAra, vRkArthaka, solva, grAvaSTa, trigarta, kAla kI sthitiyo kA varNana kare, parantu usake anumAna kuzAgra, prAtreya, kAmboja, zUra, bATavAnA, kaikaya, gAndhAra, kA prAdhAra to usakA vartamAna hI hotA hai| isI vartamAna sindhu. sauvIra, bhAradvAja, dazarUka, prAsthAla bhora tIrNake taTa para, usakI kalpanA rUpI tUlikA mana-mAne raga karNa ye deza uttara dizA kI pora the| maga, aMgAraka, bhara-bharakara naye-naye citra banAtI hai / usakA sajAgarUka poNDa, malla, yuvaka, mastaka, prAgjyotiSa, vaga, magadha, yatna rahatA hai ki vaha pAThaka ko vartamAna se uThAkara, mAnavatika, malada aura bhAgarva ye deza pUrva sImA me sthita usake mAnasa ko apane varNya kAla ke stara para le jAye the| vANamukta, vedarbhamANava, sakkApira, bhUlaka, azmaka, aura isa yatna meM use jitanI saphalatA milatI hai, vahIM dANDika, kaliMgaM, pAzika, kuntala, navarASTra, mAhiska, usake sAhitya sAphalya kA mApadaNDa banatI hai / para sama- parUSa. aura bhaugavardana ye dakSiNa dizA ke deza the / mAlya, sAmayika yuga kI sthitiyoM kA sahI-sahI citraNa bhI kallIvanopAnta, durga, supArTa, kavuka, kAzi, nAsArika, usake sAphalya kI utanI hI mahattvapUrNa kasauTI hai jitanI pragata, sArasvata, tApama, mahima, bharUkaccha, surASTra aura kathA-vastugata varNya kAla ke citraNa kii| isa dRSTi se narmada ye pazcima dizAke deza the / dazArNaka, kiSkindha, tripura, jinasenAcArya ne tatkAlIna bhArata kI bhaugolika sthiti, pAvata, naSadha, nepAla, uttamavarNa, vaidiza, antapa, kauzala, deza, prAnta aura pramukha parvata, nagara, nadiyA, vRkSa, vana- pattana aura vinihAra ye deza vindhyAcala ke Upara sthita the| spatiyA, pazu-pakSI, dakSiNa se lagAkara uttarapUrva aura uttara. bhadra, vatsa, videza, kuza, bhaga, saMgava aura vaJcakhaNDika ye pazcima ke dakSiNa patha ke mArga aura viMdhya ke uttara ma deza madhyadeza ke prAdhita the / iname vatsa, avantI, kauzala uttara ke pramukha mahAjanapoM ke sambandha me prabhUta va aura magadha me rAjatantra thA, bAkI gaNatAntrAtmaka the| prAmANika jAnakArI pradAna kI hai| deza ke tatkAlIna rAjatantroM kA rAjA niraMkuza nahIM hotA thA, yaha sAmAjika jIvana, vyApAra, kRSi, zikSA, sAhitya, maMtripariSada kI rAya se kArya karatA thA aura prajA kI sAmAjika rItirivAja eva dhArmika vizvAso tathA bhAvanA kA samAdara karatA thaa| gaNatantra meM kahIM eka prAmINa va nAgarika jIvana kA saTIka paricaya prApta karane mukhya rAjA hotA thA, kahIM gaNarAjApo kI pariSad thI, kI dRSTi se bhI yahAM pracura sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai| kahI mukhya rAjA hote hue bhI gaNapariSada pradhAna thI aura deza kI rAjanaitika avasthA ke sambandha me kavi ne pratyakSa kahI mukhya-gaNa bArI-bArI se rAjya karate the| kucheka to nahIM parantu apratyakSa rUpa se jo saketa diye hai unase mahattvAkAkSI vistAra-lolupa samrATa bho the / gaNatantrI se tatkAlIna samaya kI rAjanaitika avasthA kA acchA voSa inake sambandha acche nahIM the aura kabhI-kabhI ve yuddha taka ho jAtA hai| kara baiThate the / gaNatantroM ke sambandha Apasa meM prAyaH pacche bhaugolika sthiti the| kAraNa vizeSa meM kabhI kabhI kucha vivAda bhI uThate bhAratavarSa ke bhaugolika vibhAjanoM kA kavi kA jJAna rahate the| nadI, jala, parivahana, grAma prAdi ke kAraNoM se vizada paura prAmANika thA / isakI anubhUti hameM vivAda uThanA hI iname mukhya thaa| kabhI-kabhI kisI 1. harivazapurANa, 11157-74 /
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________________ 64, varSa 31, ki02 anekAnta kanyA ko lekara bhI jhagar3e khar3e ho jAte the| vaizya aura zUdra) kI sthiti jJAta hotI hai, para unake ghere rAjA kA pada paramparAgata hotA thaa| rAjA ke apa- kaThina nahI the| cAroM vargoM ke atirikta bhI samAja meM dastha hone para usakA jyeSTha putra rAjyAdhikArI hotA vyAvasAyika aura praudyogika varga the, iname rAjaka, thaa|' putra-vihIna rAjA kA uttarAdhikArI usakI putrI cANDAla, carmakAra, svarNakAra, dAruzilpI prAdi pramukha the| kA putra hotA thaa| rAjyAsana para padArUr3ha hone se pUrva prAcIna kAla se hI vivAha jIvana kI sarvotkRSTa abhiSeka hone kI paramparA thii| ghaTanA mAnI jAtI hai| usakA isa kAla meM hrAsa dekhane isa kAla kA bhAratIya samAja yuddha-vijJAna meM praryApta ko milatA hai / vivAha aba daivika vidhAna na raha kara, unnati kara cukA thaa| svArtha siddhi ke liye deva, asura, yogyatA, parAkrama aura zakti kA mApadaNDa raha gayA thaa| mAnava aura pazu sabakA carama sAdhana ekamAtra yuddha hI isa kAla meM smRtiyoM meM pratipAdita pATha prakAra ke vivAhoM thaa| pazupro aura manuSyoM meM bhI yuddha hone ke udAharaNa me se brAhma, prAjApatya aura pArSa ko hI dharmasammata mAnA dRSTigata hote hai| jAtA thaa| anya vivAhoM ke prakAra (pAsu, gAndharva, isa kAla me rathayuddha, padAtiyuddha, mallayuddha, dRSTiyuddha rAkSasa aura paMzAca) ko nindanIya yA parityAjya mAnA jalayuddha, prabhRtti vividha prakAra ke yuddho ke udAharaNa jAtA thaa|" milate hai| yuddha meM pramukhata: hAthI, ghor3a, ratha, paidala ima kAla me ukta pATha vivAha vidhiyoM meM se koI bhI sainika, baila, gAndharva aura nartakI ye sAta aMga hote the| eka vizuddha rUpa meM pracalita nahI thii| samAja meM UMce vpUhoM me krauca, garur3a, cakrAdi ke ullekha prApta hote hai| AdarzoM ke bIca sthAna na milane para bhI gAndharva va rAkSasa masi, ulakhala, kAyatrANa, kArmUka, komudagadA, khaga, khura, vidhi kA prasAra thA / " anya vivAhoM meM vAgdAna se, gadA, gANDiva, cakra jAnu, tala, tomara, trizUla, daNDa, bhaviSyavANI se, sATe se vivAha," vidhavA vivAha evaM vANAdi aneka prakAra ke zastrAstra the / katipaya zastrAstrI vidhura vivAha Adi bhI pracalita the| samAja me bahapatnI meM adbhuta camatkRtipUrNa alaukika zakti bhI vidyamAna prathA" pracalita thii| mAtula kanyA se vivAha sambhava thii| gaja, ghor3e, ratha, U~Ta, khaccara prAdi bhI yuddha kI thaa|" cArudatta kA vivAha usake mAmA kI laDakI se savAriyAM thii| rAjamahiSiyAM bhI raNa-kauzala me niSNAta kiyA gayA thA (21/38) / arjuna aura subhadrA kA sambandha hotI thI aura prAvazyakatA par3ane para yuddha bhI karatI thiiN| bhI aisA hI thaa| vivAdo vikasita vyaktiyoM kA kabhI-kabhI apane patiyo kI sahAyatArtha bhI yuddha me sAtha sambandha thaa| kanyAeM pitA ke gharame hI yuvA ho jAyA karatI sAtha jAtI thiiN|" thiiN| prathAnoM meM daheja prathA kA bhI ullekha hai| yadyapi sAmAjika jIvana spaSTa rUpa se 'daheja' zabda kA na nAma mAtA hai aura na harivaMzapurANa me eka sagaThita samAja kA svarUpa usakI mAMga kI jAtI thii| khuzI se lar3akI bAlA lar3ake milatA hai| samAja me cAroM varNoM (brAhmaNa, kSatriya, ko yathAzakti maura yathecchAnusAra kucha de detA thaa| 2. harivaMzapurANa, 27154, 211112 / 3. harivaMzapurANa, 27147-60 / 4. lekhaka kA zodha prabandha, pR086 / 5. harivazapurANa, 42180, 50103-104,421816 harivaMzapurANa, 36 / 30-34, 2418, 11294,3641. 43, 36 / 45 / 7. harivaMzapurANa, 11180-82 / 8. harivaMzapurANa, 11383 / 6. harivaMzapurANa, 501102-110 / 10. harivaMzapurANa 5215 / 11. harivaMzapurANa, 6 / 36 / 12. pATIla, DA0 ke0ke0, kalcarala hisTrI phoma vAyupurANa-pUnA, 1664, pRSTha 156 / 13. harivaMzapurANa, 44121-25, 433171-176, 44 / 26-32, 42174-67, 4416-16 / 14. harivazapurANa, 33 / 10.26 / 15. (1) nArada smRti, 12067 / (1) bAlvalakara, hindU sozala iMsTiTyUzansa, bambaI, 1939 / (m) vivAha sambandhI adhyAya-malTekara : pojIzana mApha vumana ina ainaziyanTa iNDiyA, pRSTha 181-183 / 16. harivaMzapurANa, 12 // 32, 2416, 44 // 3-50, 56 / 116 / 17. harivaMzapurANa, 33011-24, 33 // 136, 21138 /
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________________ isa samaya strI jAti kA samAja meM koI svatantra pracalita ho rahA hai, vaha pAzcAtya dezoM kI dena nahI hai| sthAna nahIM thaa| striyAM puruSoM kI icchA ke anusAra hamAre deza me prAcIna kAla me muSTiyuddha kA mAma rivAja unake upabhoga ke lie upakaraNa mAtra thii| striyoM ko thaa| zrI kRSNa praura balabhadra ne cANara aura maSTika pahala. vAna ko muSTiyuddha se hI parAjita kiyA thA (36/45) / harivaMzakAlIna vyakti kA jIvana sabhya aura susajjita prAthika jIvana thaa| vaha vividha paridhAno dvArA zarIra kA pralakaraNa pAthika dRSTi se bhI bhAratavarSa sampanna thaa| kRSi, karatA thaa| usake vastro me vAsasa, upavAsasa nIvi, pazupAlana, vyApAra, vANijya mora kalA-kauzala meM bhI yaha kambala Adi pramakha the|" prAbhUSaNoM me mukuTa, kuNDala, deza kAphI pragati kara cukA thaa| pAntarika vyApAra keyura, cUDAmaNi, kaTaka, kaMkaNa, mudrikA, hAra, mekhalA, ke sAtha hI videzo se jalapoto ke dvArA vyApAra hotA kaTimUtra, kaTaka, ratnAvalI, napura prAdi kA pracalana thA thaa| yahA se kapAsa aura bahumUlya ratnAdi kA vyApAra (8/26), prasAdhana sAmagriyo bhI aneka thii| sAdhAraNa kiyA jAtA thaa| dUra dezoM yA videzoM se vyApAra ke lie se lekara bahumUlya sAmagriyA vyavahuta hotI thI / candana," kaI vyApArI samUha me jAte the aura mArga dikhAne ke lie kakuma, aMgarAga, pAlakta ka, prajana, zatapAka, tela, gadha, sArtha hote the| sArthoM ko mArga kA pUrA jJAna hotA thaa| prAdi aneka sugandhita dravya mizrita lepa sindUra, kastUrI, sArtha sampanna bhI hote the| ve vyApAriyoM ko nizcita zulka mAlA, tAmbala prAdi ke prayoga kA ullekha milatA hai yA bhAgIdArI ke pAbhAra para RNa bhI dete the| sAyoM ke (8vA mrg)| vRddhAya prAya: tripuNDAkAra tilaka lagAtI prapane pAna, vAhana, cAlaka, vAhaka, rakSaka mAdi bhI hote thI (22/47) / the / prAcIna bhArata meM sArthoM kI bhUmikA kI vizeSa jAna. samAja meM zAkAhArI aura mAsAhArI dono hI taraha ke kArI DA. motIcandra kI pustaka 'sArthavAha' se milatI hai| bhojana bhojya hote the| zAkAhArI bhojana me jo, dhAna, vyApAra me lene dene ke lie niSka, zatamAna, gehU, tela, zAka, uDada, mUga Adi mukhya the / " pazuoM kA kArSApaNa prAdi kA vyApAra thaa| mudrApoM para janapada mAsa mAMsAhAriyo ke lie bhojana meM sammilita hotA zreNI prathavA dhArmika cihna humA karate the / vaannijythaa| peya padArthoM me dUdha, surA, madhu" Adi ullekhanIya vyApAra para rAjakIya niyatraNa nahI thA / kara bhAga bhI mAya hai| bhojana karane ke bAda sugandhi dravyoM se mizrita pAnI ke dasave se chaThe bhAga taka sImita thaa| vizeSa paristhise kUralA kiyA jAtA thaa| bAda me pAna-supArI tiyo me yuddha, dubhikSa prAdi" ke samaya yaha avazya dhyAna khilAI jAtI thii| pAna ko thakane ke liye pIkadAna bhI rakhA jAtA thA ki koI anucita lAbha na le sake / jaMgaloM, rakhA rahatA thaa| mahAkavi vANa ko kAdambarI aura harSa carita meM bhI inake ullekha prApta hote hai| durgama sthAno me kahI-kahI dasyudala bhI sakriya hote the| prora aparAdha bahuta kama hote the| vidhAma ke lie zayyA (prAsandI), upadhAna, paryakAdi dhAmika jIvana huprA karate the / manoraMjana ke lie nATaka, gIta, vAya, yadi dharma maura vizvAsa jAti yA samAja kI citrakalA, dyata-kroDA", vanavihAra"jalako DA" prAdi kA utkRSTatA kA dyotaka hai to harivazapUrANa eka aise vyakti pramakhatA se pracalana thaa| vizeSa avasaroM para aneka ke dhArmika jIvana kA citra prastuta karatA hai jo tapaH sAmUhika mahotsava bhI hote the| pradhAna thaa| isa yuga meM prAcIna dhArmika parampagaye TUTa una dinoM bhI vyAyAma karane kI prakriyA prAja jaisI rahI thii| bali, yajJAdi kriyAkANDoM kA sthAna bhakti, hI thii| golAkAra avADA hotA thA jimame pahalavAna upAsanA, satkarma aura sadAcAra ne liyA thaa| jaina, bauddha loga apane-apane dAvapeMca digvAte the / isa grantha ko dekhane aura vaidika tIno saskRtiyA sAtha-sAtha cala rahI thii| se yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki prAjakala jo yaha muSTiyuddha (zeSa pR0 62 para) 18. harivazapurANa, 267 17, 5 // 18-38 / 16. harivazapurANa, 25 / 30 / 20. harivaMzapurANa, 4742 / 21 harivazapurANa, 181171, 111116, 36 / 27-28, 18 / 161-163 / 22. harivaMzapurANa, 211104.110 / 23. hagvizapugaNa, 181171 / / 24. harivazapurANa, 61.23, 61.51, 61136, 61125 / 25 harivazapugaNa, 36.27-28 / 26. harivazapurANa, 8.50 / 27 - harivazapurANa, 48 / 14, 463, 21154-62 / 26. harivaNapurANa. 52 / 26, 14 // 1 // 26 harivaza gaNa, 5 // 51-55 / 30 hariyApurANa, 2418, 11 , 3641-43 / 31. harivazapurANa, 21176 /
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________________ R. N. 10591/82 vIra-sevA-mandira ke upayogI prakAzana parAtana navAkya-sacI : prAkRta ke prAcIna 46 mUla-granthoM kI padyAnukramaNI, jisake sAtha 48 TIkAdi granthoM meM udadhuta dUsare padyo kI bhI anukramaNI lagI huI hai / saba milAkara 25353 padya-vAkyoM kI sUcI / saMpAdaka : mukhtAra zrI jagalakizora jI kI gaveSaNApUrNa mahattva kI 7 pRSTha kI prastAvanA se alaMkRta, DA. kAlIdAsa nAga, ema. e., DI. liTa. ke prAkkathana (Foreword) aura DA0 e. ena. upAdhye, ema. e.,DI. liTa. kI bhUmikA (Introduction) se bhUpita hai| zodha-khoja ke vidvAno ke lie pratIva upayogI, baDA sAija, majilda / 15.00 prAptaparIkSA : zrI vidyAnandAcArya kI svopajJa saTIka apUrva kRti, prAptoM kI parIkSA dvArA Izvara-viSayaka sundara vivecana ko lie hae, nyAyAcArya paM darabArIlAlajI ke hindI anuvAda se yukta, sajilda / svayambhU stotra : samantabhadra bhAratI kA apUrva grantha, mukhtAra zrI jugalakizorajI ke hindI anuvAda tathA mahattva kI gaveSaNApUrNa prastAvanA se suzobhita / stutividyA : svAmI samantabhadra kI anokhI kRti, pApo ke jItane kI kalA, saTIka, sAnuvAda mora zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra kI mahattva kI prastAvanAdi se. alakRta, sundara, jilda-sahita / 1.50 maNyAtmakamalamArtaNDa : paMcAdhyAyIkAra kavi gajamala kI sundara prAdhyAtmika racanA, hindii-anuvaad-shit| 1.50 puktyanuzAsana : tattvajJAna se paripUrNa, samantabhadra kI amAdhAraNa kRti, jisakA abhI taka hindI anuvAda nahI humA thaa| mukhtAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda aura prastAvanAdi se alakRta, sajilda / ... 1-25 samIcIna dharmazAstra : svAmI samantabhadra kA gRhasthAcAra-viSayaka pratyuttama prAcIna grantha, mukhtAra zrIjugalakizora jI ke vivecanAtmaka hindI bhASya aura gaveSaNAtmaka prastAvanA se yukta, sajilda / ... 3.00 anagrantha-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 1: saskRta aura prAkRta ke 171 aprakAzita grantho kI prazastiyo kA magalAcaraNa sahita apUrva saMgraha, upayogI 11 pariziSTo aura 50paramAnanda zAstro kI itihAsa-viSayaka mAhitya paricayAtmaka prastAvanA me alakRta, sajilda / ... samAdhitantra aura haSTopadeza : adhyAtmakRti, pa0 paramAnanda zAstrI kI hindI TIkA sahita 4.00 bhavaNabelagola aura dakSiNa ke anya jaina tIrtha : zrI rAjakRSNa jaina adhyAtma rahasya : paM. prAzAdhara kI sundara kRti, mukhtAra zrI ke hindI anuvAda sahita / 100 janapranya-prazasti saMgraha, bhAga 2 : apabhraza ke 122 aprakAzita grantho kI prazastiyo kA mahattvapUrNa sgrh| pacapana pranthakAro ke aitihAsika pratha-paricaya aura pariziSToM shit| sa. pa. paramAnanda zAstrI / sjild| 12.00 gyAya-dIpikA : mA abhinava dharmabhUSaNa kI kRti kA pro. DA0 darabArIlAlajI nyAyAcArya dvArA sa0 anu0| 7.00 na sAhitya pora itihAsa para vizada prakAza : paSTha saMkhyA 74, sajilda / 5-00 kasAyapAhaDasutta : mUla prantha kI racanA prAja se do hajAra varSa pUrva zrI guNadharAcArya ne kI, jisa para zrI pativRSabhAcArya ne pandraha sau varSa pUrva chaha hajAra zloka pramANa cUrNisUtra likhe / sampAdaka paM hIrAlAlajI siddhaant-shaastrii| upayogI pariziSTo aura hindI anuvAda ke sAtha bar3e sAija ke 1000 se bhI adhika paSThoM me| pRSTa kAgaja aura kapaDe kI pakkI jilda / 20.00 Reality : prA0 pUjyapAda kI sarvArthasiddhi kA aMgrejI me panuvAda / baDe mAkAra ke 300 pR., parako jilda bhana nibandha-ratnAvalI : zrI milApacandra tathA zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA 0-50 dhyAnazataka (dhyAnastava sahita) : sapAdaka paM0 bAlacandra siddhAnta-zAstrI 12.00 bhASaka dharma saMhitA : zrI darayAvasiMha soSiyA jaina lAgAvalI (tIna bhAgoM meM): (tRtIya bhAga mudraNAdhIna.) prathama bhAga 25.00%, dvitIya bhAga 25.00 Jain Bibliography (Universal Encyclopaedya of Jain References) (Pagcs 2506) (Under print) prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira ke lie rUpavANI priTiMga hAusa, dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 se mudrita / 4.00 6.00
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________________ traimAsika zodha-patrikA anekAnta sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina smRti aMka FREE / sampAdana-maNDala hAnyotiprasAda jaina DA.premasAgara jaina zrI gokulaprasAda jaina . sampAdaka zrI gokulaprasAda jaina ema.e., ela-ela. bI., sAhitya ratna RE s APR varSa 31 : kiraNa 3-4 janavarI-disambara 1978 vArSika mUlya 6) rupaye isa aMka kA mUlya: 6 rupaye vAramanA zrI sAha zAtiprasAda jaina
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________________ vIra-sevA-mandira ke yazasvI saMrakSaka vIra-sevA-mandira ke yazasvI saMrakSaka bambaI, ke supramiddha udyogapati zrI mAha zreyAmapramAda jaina kA janma najIbAbAda (jilA bijanaura) ke pratiSThita jamIndAra gharAne me 3 navambara, 1908 ko hanA thaa| sAha jI bar3e udAramanA, dAnavIra, rASTramevI eva dharmaniSTha hai tathA samAja sevA, nAgarika sevA, zaikSika evaM mAhityika sevA ke prati samarpita hai| mApane alpAyu me hI apane parivAra ke dAyitva ko sambhAla liyA thaa| prApako najIbAbAda myunimipalTI kA upAdhyakSa evaM bijanaura ejukezana samiti kA adhyakSa cunA gayA / isake pazcAt prApakA jIvana krAntikArI pravRttiyoM kI prAra ho gayA jisase mApane deza kI prAjAdI ke lie rASTrIya prAMdolana me satriya bhAga liyaa| san 1943 me prArako "bhArata chor3o" mAmdolana meM bhAga lene ke kAraNa girapatAra kara liyA gayA aura lAhaura jela meM do mAha taka rakhA gyaa| udyoga ke kSetra meM prApako prazamanIya pora sarAhanIya sevAgro ke kAraNa prApakA sadA ucca sthAna rahA hai jimase vigata varSoM meM prApa deza ko vibhinna vyAvasAyika saMsthAno ke adhyakSa rahe hai / iname pramukha hai : pheDarezana grApha iNDiyana caimbarsa Apha kAmarma eNDa iNDasTrIja, naI dillI; iNDiyana nezanala kameTI-iNTaranezanala caimbarma prApha kAmasaM, ailkalI mainyuphaikcararsa esosiyezana mApha iNDiyA, bambaI; Arthika sahayogArtha aiko-eziyana mArga nAijezana / isake sAtha-sAtha prApakA kSetra itanA vyApaka banatA gayA ki zrI sAha zreyAsa prasAda jaina prApa injIniyariMga, vastra, rabar3a, pATomobAina, rAsAyanika aura vidyut mAdi kI vastugro ke nimAtApro kI pariSad ke DAirekTara hue / prApakA jaina mamadAya se muviziSTa sthAna hai jisase pApa aneko mAmAjika, dhArmika aura sAhityika saMsthAoM ke sarakSaka hai aura mAtha hI aneko sagaThano ke TrasTI hai| prApa akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina pariSad aura bhArata jaMna mahAmaNDala ke bhI adhyakSa rhe| prApa mahAvIra kalyANa kendra, bambaI ke adhyakSa hai jisake mAdhyama se prApane akAla va bAr3ha-pIDino ke kAryoM meM abhiruci lekara pUrNa sahayoga diyaa| prApako mevAno ke mammAnasvarUpa prApako mahArASTra sarakAra ne spezala egjIkyUTiva maijisTeTa niyukta kiyaa| bhApa jasTima prApha pIsa rahe tathA chaha varSa taka maMsad sadasya rhe| sAhU jI mahArASTra ke mahAnagara bambaI ke 'bambaI hAspiTala TrasTa' ke TramTo eva adhyakSa hai| prApane 1657 meM bhAratIya praudyogika pratinidhi maNDala ke sadasya ke rUpa me amerikA va rUsa kI yAtrA kI . jimame bhArata ke anya dezo ke sAtha vyApAra meM vRddhi huii| mApane sitambara 1667 va 1670 me jApAna-bhArata prati. nidhi maNDala ke sadasya ke rUpa me jApAna yAtrA ko / prApakI bhAratIya dharma darzana, itihAsa tathA sAskRtika viSayo ke adhyayana meM bhI prAntarika prabhiruci hai| bhAratIya kalA evaM pUgatatva ke kSetra meM bhI prApane mahatvapUrNa kArya kiyaa| bhAratIya bhASApro kI ziromaNi sasthA bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke prApa adhyakSa hai| pApa bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke koSAdhyakSa tathA vaizAlI prAkRta, jaina dharma vasA zodha saMsthAna ke adhyakSa haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke kAryakramoM ko saphala banAne se prApakA bar3A yogadAna rahA hai| grApa cAge sampradAyoM kI prora se gaThina "bhagavAna mahAvIra memoriyala samiti" ke kAryAdhyakSa hai / pApako digambara jaina samAja ko utkaTa prAkAMkSA ke anurUpa, Apake kaniSTha bhrAtA mva0 sAha zAnti pramAda jI dvArA sthApita, digambara jaina mahAmamiti ke adhyakSa kA, unake nidhana para, dAyitva bhAra saupA gyaa| 200
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________________ sampAdakIya svanAmadhanya sva0 sAha zAntiprasAda jaina vartamAna yugIna jaina jagata kI apratima vibhUti the| san 1911 me najIbAbAda (jilA bijanaura, uttara pradeza) ke sAhU gharAne me, prasiddha sAhU salekhacandra jI ke pautra aura sAhU dIvAnasiMha ke kaniSTha putra ke rUpa me mAtA mUtidevI ko kukSi se iu mahAbhAga kA janma humA thaa| lagabhaga 23-24 varSa kI mAyu me vidyArthI jIvana samApta karake mora seTha rAmakRSNa DAlamiyA kI suputrI sva. ramArAnI ke sAtha vivAhita hokara vaha karmakSetra me utre| puNya aura puruSArtha kA kucha aisA sukhada sayoga humA ki vaha laukika prabhyudaya me drutavega se uttarottara vRddhi karate gaye, yahAM taka ki do dazako ke bhItara hI vaha coTI ke bhAratIya udyogapatiyo me parigaNita hone lge| sAtha hI, dharma, saMskRti, samAja eva bhAratIya jana sAmAnya kI sevA ko aisI vilakSaNa lagana thI ki ina kSetro me unhone anaginata zreSTha upalabdhiyA prApta kI, jo unake jIvanoparAnta bhI unakI smRti ko sajIva banAye hue hai aura banAye rkkhegii| svabhAvataH unhe yaza, mAna aura pratiSThA bhI prabhUta mile; satkAryo ke karane me jo prAnanda aura prAtmasantoSa milatA hai, vaha to milA hii| lagabhaga 66 varSa kI prAyu meM dinAka 27 aktUbara, 1977 ko kAlakavalita hone taka, lagabhaga cAra dazaka sAha zAntiprasAda jaina, jaina samAja ke to sarvamAnya sarvopari netA evaM prAyaH ekacchatra samrATa bane rhe| nizcaya hI unakA zIla, saujanya, udArAzayatA, dAnazIlatA, sAmAjika cetanA, utsAha aura lagana isa mAna-pratiSThA ke kAraNa the / aneka dharma eva sampradAya-nirapekSa lokahitakArI pravattiyo ke atirikta prAyaH sabhI jaina tIrthoM ko, anaginata jaina sasthAnoM, saMgaThano eva pravRttiyoM ko tathA darjanoM sAskRtika evaM zikSA saMsthAno ko unase udAra sarakSaNa evaM poSaNa prApta huaa| makhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina pariSada to unake jIvanakAla me prAyaH unhI ke avalambana para jIvita rhii| kama se kama pUre digambara jaina samAja meM ekatA, ekasUtratA sthApita karane ke uddezyo se, apane nidhana se kucha hI pUrva unhone digambara jaina mahAsamiti kI sthApanA ke lie saphala preraNA dii| sva0pa0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ke sAhUjI prArambha se hI bar3e prazaMsaka the| prataH vaha mukhtAra sAhaba dvArA sasthApita vIra-sevA-mandira aura 'anekAnta' patrikA ko sadaiva sarakSaNa pradAna karate rhe| mukhtAra sAhaba dvArA calAye gaye 'vIra-zAsana-jayantI' abhiyAna ko sAhajI kA pUrA samarthana prApta humA, aura unake tathA sva. bAbU choTelAla jI ke satprayatno eva sahayoga se hI san 1944 ko zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ke prAtaHkAla rAjagaha ke vipulAcala para vIrazAsana kA 2500vI jayantI sasamAroha manAI gii| bhagavAna ke ukta punIta prathama dezanA sthala para zilAlekhAkita smAraka sthApita kiyA gayA aura 'vIrazAsana sagha' ke nAma se dasa lAkha rupaye kA eka vizAla yojanA bnii| katipaya kAraNo se vaha yojanA saphala na ho sakI, jisakA sAhajI bhora choTelAla jI, usake ukta dono hI karNadhAroko duHkha hmaa|
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________________ praba vikalpa hapa me unhone nizcaya kiyA ki vIra-sevA-mandira ko sarasAvA jaise choTe-se kasbe se haTAkara rAjadhAnI dillI meM lAyA jAya aura adhika vyavasthita rUpa se calAyA jAya / ataeva dillI ke dariyAgaMja me bhUmi lekara eka cauma jilA vizAla bhavana 'dhora-sevA-mandira' ke nAma se nirmANita humA, aura saMsthA eva usake madhiSThAtA mahatAra sAhaba bhI vahA sthAnAntarita ho gye| saMsthA kI naI sosAiTI, TrasTa, vidhAna prAdi bhI bana gaye aura kArya hone lgaa| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki katipaya matabhedoM ke kAraNa kucha samaya bAda mukhtAra sAhaba ne svayaM ko sasthA se pratyakSa rUpa me pRthak kara liyA, kintu sasthA calatI rahI mora sAhUjI usakA saMrakSaNa barAbara karate rhe| 'anekAnta' jaba sarasAvA se prakAzita hotA thA taba bhI sAhUjI ne usake mudraNa-prakAzana kI behatarI evaM suvidhA ke lie use apane bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita karAnA prArambha kara divA thaa| yaha vyavasthA bhI kucha hI varSa cala paayii| tathApi vIra-sevAmandira mora 'manekAnta' para unakA prema barAbara banA rahA, aura ye dono mAja bhI jo jIvita eva sakriya hai, usakA bahuta-kucha zreya sAhUjI ko hai| prastu, vIra-sevA-mandira evaM 'bhanekAnta' ke lie yaha ucita hI thA ki ve apane usa paramopakArI mahAnubhAva ke svargastha ho jAne para unakI smRti meM kama se kama eka upayukta vizeSAMka to nikAla hI deN| isI prAzaya se isa vizeSAMka kI yojanA banI, aura bhale hI kucha vilamba se, yaha apane pAThako ke hAtha meM hai / vizeSAMka kI taiyArI meM usake sampAdaka zrI gokulaprasAda jaina ne jo motsAha zrama kiyA vaha sarAhanIya hai| vIra-sevA-mandira ke mahAsaciva zrI mahendrasena jano kA bhI pUrA sahayoga prApta hunaa| saMsthA evaM patra ke anya premiyoM, vidvAna lekhako prora sva0 sAhajI ke prazasako ke amUlya sahayoga ke lie bhI sampAdaka-maNDala mAbhArI hai| anta me, hama prabuddha samAjacetanA eva saskRti-sevI tathA apane cirasmaraNIya mahAmanA sva0 sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina kI smRti meM apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karate haiN| jyotiprasAda jaina jyoti nikuJja, cArabAga, lakhanaU-1
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________________ viSayAnukramaNikA viSaya viSaya 1. zrI varddhamAna stadhana 17. anupama mAdarza jIvana-sa. premacanda rAvakA 26 vyaktitva aura kRtitva 18. unhe zramaNa dIkSA ko prAkAkSA thI 2. nararatna sAhU jI aura jaina saskRti kA uddhAra -zrI gaNeza lalavAnI 27 - zrI pragaracaNda nAhaTA, bIkAnera 2 16. unako lagana aura dRSTi-manizrI yazovijayajI 26 3. sAhU jI ghora bhAvI samAjotthAna yojanA 20. sAmAjika itihAsa kA eka yugAta -DA0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara, jabalapura 3 -~ii candana mana 4. jaina samAja ke ziromaNi-zrI bhagatarAma jaina, 21. unake netRtva kA phala-zrI mizrIlAla pATanI 32 dillI 22. prAdarza va prabhUtapUrda vyaktitva 5. saujanya-mUrti sAhU jI : kucha sasmaraNa -zrI mamataprakAza jaina, dillI -pa0 pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, sAgara 23. jainatva ke jIvanta pratIka 6. prAdarza samAja netA--zrI vazIghara zAstrI, -DA. rAjendra kumAra bamala, zahaDola jayapura 7. jyAtimaya vyaktitva-zrI mizrIlAla jaina, ganA 24. anam ko sAlatI smRti 8. saMgata zrI-sarasvatyoH - DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jaina, -DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka, meghanagara ___ ema. e., pI.eca. DI, ujjaina . 25. samAja aura rASTra kI sevA ke lie samarpita 6. sAha zAntiprasAda . seTha aura sAdhu vyaktitva-zrI satyadhara kumAra seThI, ujjaina 36 -DA0 premasAgara jaina, baDauta 11 36 purAtatva ke pramara premI-DA. surendra kumAra pAyaM, 10. bIsavIM sadI ke bhoja-zrI kundanalAla jaina, ujjana dillI 27. mahAprabhAvaka zrAvaka ziromaNi 11. udAramanA sadAzaya vyaktitva -10 sumeracandra jaina dillI -DA0 devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca 28. yuga ke bhAmAzAha-zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja', 12. puNyazloka preraNAprada vyaktitva jAvarA -DA. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura 26. sarasvatI ke pujArI-zrImatI rUpavatI 'kiraNa' 13. mAdhunika bhAmAzAha- vidyAvAridhi hA. mahendrasAgara pracaMDiyA, alIgar3ha jabalapura 14. sarasvatI ke parama upAsaka 30. dAnavIra zrAvaka ziromaNi DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, jayapura -zrI mahendrakumAra jaina, dillI 15. mahAn karmayogI kI jIvana-sAdhanA 31. sarasvatI ke parama upAsaka -paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI, dillI 21 . -DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, jayapura 16. yazasvI sarasvatI putra-zrImatI 32. prAdhunika khAravela-zrI vizanacanda jaina, jayavantI devI jaina, naI dillI zikArapura
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________________ saujanya-mUti zrI sAhUjI garimAGkana : aTUTa niSThA pora dharma-vatsalatA , JECr zrI sAhajI ke sAnnidhya meM eka avismaraNIya sAMskRtika prAyojana
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________________ bhom praham Bkaan . paramAgamasya bIjaM niSikhajAtyandha sinpuravidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnAM virodhamayanaM namAmyanekAntam // vIra-sevA-mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 vIra-nirvANa saMvat 2505, vi0 saM0 2035 varSa 31 kiraNa 3-4 julAI-disambara 1678 zrI varddhamAna stavana zriyaM trilokItilakAyamAnAmAtyantikI jJAtasamastatatvAm / upAgataM sanmatimujjvalokti vande jinendraM hatamohamandram // zrIvIra yathatha vacoruciraM na te syAd bhavyAtmanAM khalu kuto bhuvitattvabodhaH / tejo binA dinakarasya vibhAtakAle pamA vikAsamapayAnti kimAtmanaiva / / prasnehasaMyatavazo jagadekavIyazcintAmaNiH ktthintaarhitaantraatmaa| adhyAlavRttisahito haricandanAgastejonidhistvamasi nAtha nirAkRtoSmA / -vardhamAnacarite asagaH zrI vardhamAna-vacasA para-mA-karaNa, ratnatrayottama-nidheH paramA''kareNa / kurvanti yAni munayo'janatA hi tAni, vRttAni santu satataM janatA hitAni / / -siddhapriyastotre devanaMdiH jo tInoM lokoM meM zreSTha, avinAzI sarvajJatvalakSmI ko prApta the, jinake vacana nirdoSa (pUrvApara viroSa rahita) the, aura jinhoMne moharUpI tandrA ko naSTa kara diyA thA, una sanmati jinendra mahAvIra kI maiM vandanA karatA huuN| he vIra jinendra ! yadi prApake manohArI vacana na hote to nizcaya se isa bhUtala para bhavya jIvoM ko tattva-bodha kaise hotA? prabhAtakAla meM sUrya ke teja ke binA kyA kamala prApa se prApa vika sita ho jAte haiM ? he nAtha ! pApa jagata ke aise dvitIya dIpaka haiM ki jisakI dazA (bAtI) sneha (tela) rahita hai (arthAt prApa vItarAga dazA meM sthita haiM), prApa cintAmaNi (manavAMchita dene vAle ratna) haiM, kintu prApakI antarAtmA kaThoratA (nirdayatA) se zanya hai. aApa haricandanataru haiM kintu vahA~ sapo kA prabhASa hai (arthAt Apa paropakArI dayAlu ceSTAnoM se yukta haiM), pApa teja ke nidhi hai kintu (mana kI) ammA (garva) kA nirAkaraNa karane vAle haiN| utkRSTa lakSmI ke kAraNa, samyagdarzana-zAna-caritrarUpa ratnatraya ke bhaDAra, zrI baddhapAna ke vacanoM ke pAzraya se munijana prAtmahita mAdhana karate haiM aura sAmAnya jana pa' pravikArI mana na karate haiN| una bhagavAna kA aisA vRtta samasta janoM ke lie satata hitakArI ho ! 000
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________________ nararatna sAhU jI aura jaina saMskRti kA uddhAra 0 zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, vIkAnera mAnava mAnava meM bahuta antara hai jaise ki hIre va eka mora sAhU jI ne mAtA ke nAma se mUrtidevI granthamAlA kAMkare meM / eka manuSya dUsaro kA hRdaya samrAT bana jAtA cAlU ko jisameM bahuta se utkRSTa jaina granthoM kA prakAzana hai, dUsarA dUsaroM ke lie prAphata bana jAtA hai| apanI hapA va ho rahA hai| dUsaro pora, sarvajanopayogI vividha pravRttiyoM se hI manuSya nara nArAyaNa bana sakatA hai aura prakAra kA ucca stara kA sAhitya prakAzita kiyA jA rahA apanI duSpravRttiyoM me pazu va nArakIya bhI bana jAtA hai| hai / sAhitya ke kSetra meM isa prakAra kA va itanA bar3A kAma isalie jo jo vyakti apane guNo kA utthAna karate hai tathA jaina samAja me to dUsare kisI ne nahI kiyaa| dUsaro ke utthAna meM sahayogI banate hai, ve sabhI kA Adara jaina tIrthoM ke udvAra meM bhI sAhU jI ne muktahasta evaM pAte hai va svaya kA bhI kalyANa karate hai| parantu adhikatara udAra bhAva se lAkhoM rupaye kharca kiye aura aba bhI loga svArthI hote hai, paramArthI bahuta hI kama / mAhU jI unake phaNDa se vaha kAma cAla hai, nisase aneko jaina tIrthoM, kA jIvana hamAre mAmane hai| unhone apanI khavaM unnati mandiro aura mUrtiyoM kA saMrakSaNa ho sakA / jaina shaastraanukii| khUba dhana kamAyA, para sAtha hI acche kAmoM meM khUba sAra naye mandira va mUni nirmANa kI apekSA jIrNoddhAra me lagAyA bhii| sabhI se madavyavahAra rkhaa| dhana kA mada mATha gunA phala mAnA gayA hai / sAhU jI ne isa kArya dvArA nahI kiyaa| vilAmitA ma ye nhii| apane vyavahAra ko bahuta bar3A puNya arjana kiyaa| sAtha hI, nAma kI bhI bahuta saMtulita rakhA, isIlie mabhI ke priya bhAjana hue| kAmanA nahIM kii| kAma ko hI mahattva diyaa| yaha vizeSa hajAro hajAroM makho se unakI prazasA ke gIta gAye jAte rUpa se ullekhanIya hai / hai bhora ve apanI sukRtiyoM se mara kara bhI amara bana gye| devagaDha ke jaina kalA dhAma tIrtha kA darzana-vadana karane unakA kIrtidhvaja baDI hI U~cAI para laharA rahA hai| mai gayA to vahA dekhA ki sAhU jI ne vahAM eka saMgrahAlaya unakI sahRdayatA sabake dila me ghara kara gaI hai| bhavana bhI banA rakhA hai, jisame bahuta sI kalApUrNa bhavya mUrtiyo kA mahattvapUrNa saMgraha hai| isa saMgrahAlaya dvArA naSTa sAhU jI ne thor3e varSoM meM jitanI adhika unnati kI, hotI haI utkRSTa jaina kalA kRtiyoM kA sarakSaNa humA dekha utanI bahuta hI kama vyakti kara pAte hai| unakI namratA va unake kalAnurAga ke prati sadbhAvanA jgii| saralatA, sajjanatA aura udAratA se jo bhI unake samparka vaise to sAha jI se hamArA paricaya kAphI pahale se me pAye, prabhAvita hue / saubhAgya se ramA devI jaisI vi. thaa| kalakatte meM unake bhavana me jAne va unase bAtacIta lakSaNa aura sulakSaNa vAlI dharmapatnI unhe milii| isase karane kA prasaMga milatA rahA hai / para bhagavAna mahAvIra ke unakI sukRtiyoM ko bar3hAvA milA maura cAra pAda laga 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke prasaga se hamArI ghaniSThatA gaye / bhAratavarSa meM eka lAkha rupaye kA prativarSa sAhityika bddh'ii| ve usa mahotsava ke kAryAdhyakSa the| ataH sadasya puraskAra dene kI yojanA abhUtapUrva thii| yadyapi videzo meM hone ke nAte merA kaI mITiMgoM meM unase milanA hotA yaha paramparA bhArata se pahale prArambha ho cukI thI, para rhaa| merI sAhitya sAdhanA aura jaina dharma kI gaharI paiTha bhArata meM kisI kA bhI dhyAna isa ora nahI gyaa| ataH se ve bhalI bhAti paricita the| mataH samaya-samaya para ve mere sAhU dampatti ne isame pahala kI tathA sadA ke lie eka sAmane apanI jijJAsAyeM va prazna rakhate evaM parAmarza bhI kIrtimAna sthApita kara diyaa| bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI lete / unake dillI ke vyAvasAyika kAryAlaya evaM unake sthApanA aura itane bar3e sAhitya ke prakAzana kA kAma nivAsa sthAna para bhI jAne va bAtacIta karane kA avasara bhI jaina samAja ke lie apane Dhaga kA eka hI kArya hai| (zeSa pRSTha 4 pera)
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________________ sAhU jI aura bhAvI samAjotthAna yojanA DA. vidyAdhara joharApurakara, jabalapura svargIya sAha zAntiprasAda jI se vyaktigata pratyakSa dikhAI detI hai| aba samaya prA gayA hai ki hama pana: saMparka hone kA saubhAgya hame prApta nahI humaa| phira samIkSAtmaka adhyayana paddhati ko apanAyeM bhora satyAnveSaNa bhI unake dvArA vitita paura saMrakSita sAhityika kAryoM ko prAdarabhAva kA bAdhaka na smjhe| isa dRSTi se vicAra. meM yatkicita bhAga lena kA avasara avazya milaa| ataH NIya kucha viSayoM ko sakSipta carcA prastuta hai| unakI smRti me pAdarAjali ke rUpa meM kucha vicAra prakaTa purAtattva : karanA apanA kartavya samajha kara yaha lekha prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| bhAratIya purAtattvajJoM dvArA khoje gaye sahasroM zilAsvargIya sAhU jI ke bahuvidha yazasvI kAryoM ge antima, lekhoM se jaina samAja ke pratIta ke viSaya me bahumUlya jAnabhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa kI paccIsavI zatAbdI ke kArI milI hai aura mahAvIrottara yuga kA itihAsa pUrNa hone para prAyojita vizAla samAroha thaa| cAra-pAca nizcita karane me jaina paNDito ne bhI isa sAmagrI se lAbha varSoM taka cale ina vividha prAyojanoM me jaina samAja ne uThAyA hai| kintu mahAvIra pUrva yuga ke viSaya me purAtattva apane atIta praura vartamAna ke gaurava kA vistRta anubhava kA upalabdhiyA ke prAna jana paNDita udAsIna pratIta hote kiyaa| darzana, sAhitya ra kalA ke kSetro me jainI ke hai| bhArata ke zatAdhika sthAnIka vaijJAnika utkhanana yogadAna para vizva ke jana-janetara manopiyo ne prazasA ke pariNAmo kA sAra saMkSepa pAlacina dapati ke mahattvapUrNa phala brsaaye| mahAvIra nirvANa sabana kI chabdhIsavI grantha 'di bartha prApha sivhilAijhezana ina inDiyA' ma 31. zatAbdI kA prArambha atyanta utmAhavardhaka rUpa me hyaa| labdha hai / isama jJAta hotA hai ki IsavI san pUrva taisavI isame sandeha nahI ki isa chabbIsavI zatAbdI meM bhI hamAre zatAbdI taka bhAratIya pASANayuga meM hI the| I0 pU0 gaurava ko adhikAdhika ujAgara karane vAle kAryakrama calata teIsavI zatAbdI me kRSi para pAdhArita sabhya jIvana ke rahege / isake sAtha hI yaha mAvazyaka pratIta hotA hai ki sAtha tAmrayuga kA prArambha humA jo lagabhaga eka sahanAmo jana vicAraka mAtmagaurava ke koSa meM lipaTe na raheM tathA taka calA mora phira IvI san pUrva dasavI-gyArahavI mAdhunika yuga meM prApta navIna jJAna-vijJAna ke prakAza meM zatAbdI me lohayuga kA prArambha hupraa| yahA dhyAna rakhanA pratIta kI upalabdhiyoM kA yathArthaparaka mUlyAMkana bhI hogA ki samayanirdhAraNa ke ye niSkarSa raDiyAkAbaMna vidhikarate cleN| isI dRSTi se kucha vicAra yahA prastata kiye para prAdhArita hai --inhe bhautika padArtha vijJAna kA Thosa prAdhAra prApta hai -prataH kavala anumAnAtmaka kaha kara vigata Der3ha zatAbdI me vikasita samIkSAtmaka adhyayana inakI upekSA nahIM kI jA sktii| inake prakAza meM bhArata paddhati kA prayoga jana vidyA ke kSetra meM sva050 mukhtAra meM prArya sampatA ke itihAsa kA prArambha praba hama IsavI jI, premI jI, jinavijaya jI prAdi manISiyoM ne kiyA san pUrva bAIsavI zatAbdI se karanA hogA tathA hamAre hai| inake prayaloM se vikrama kI dUsarI sahasrAbdI ke jaina purANa puruSo kI kathAno meM varNita lAkho-karor3o varSoM ko sAhitya me vyApta saMkIrNatA aura bhrAntiyo ko samajhane meM kAlagaNanA ko chor3anA hogaa| isa dRSTi se vaidika kAphI saphalatA milI hai| kintu isa paddhAta kA prayoga purANa kathApo ke adhyayana kA uttama prayatna 10 dvArakA vikrama kI prathama sahasrAbdI ke sAhitya ke viSaya ma prAyaH prasAda mizra ke grantha 'sTa DIja ina di prATA hisTarI grApha nahI humA hai / isake viparIta, pratikriyA ke rUpa meM isa yuga inDiyA' meM milatA hai| jaina pugaNa va.thAyo ka viSaya ma ke prAcAryoM ke viSaya me pUjA kI bhAvanA adhika bar3hatI aise prayala apekSita hai|
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________________ 4, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta antarikSa yuga: saMkSepa meM, jisa prakAra svargIya sAha jI ne udyoga pRthvI aura graha-nakSatroM ke prAkAra mora gati ke viSaya ke kSetra meM navIna pravRttiyoM ko prAtmasAt karane meM saphalatA meM vibhinna vicAra-dhArAyeM purAtana samaya meM pracalita thiiN| pAI, usI prakAra jana vicArakoM ko vidyA ke kSetra meM ve prAyaH sthUla nirIkSaNa para prAdhArita thii| prata' unakI navIna pravRttiyoM ko prAtmasAt karanA hogaa| hamArA grAhyatA ke viSaya me tarka-vitarka sambhava the| rUsI aura vizvAsa hai ki naI pIr3hI ke adhikatara jaina vidvAna yahI amarIkI vaijJAnikoM dvArA pravartita antarikSa yAtrAmoM ke cAhate haiN| kintu isa samaya unake vicAra mApasI bataphalasvarUpa yaha viSaya praba pratyakSa jJAna kI kakSA meM prA cIta yA sImita vidvadgoSThiyoM taka hI sImita hai| gayA hai tathA candra ke dharAtala para khar3e hokara mAnava dvArA sAmAjika maMcoM para purAtana ke doharAva kI hI pravRtti lie gae pRthvI ke phoTo prApta ho cuke hai| isa naye jJAna lakSita hotI hai| isa sthiti meM sudhAra hokara, vidvajjana ke prakAza meM hamAre triloka varNana sambandhI paramparAgata khale mana se vicAra vyakta kareM to jaina vidyA ko bar3A vivaraNa parIkSaNIya hai| kheda kI bAta hai ki adhikAza lAbha hogaa| kAra kevala prathamAnuyoga aura karaNAnuyoga jana paNDita kevala zraddhA ke bala para purAne vivaraNoM se kehI vicAraNIya viSayoM kI pora saketa kiyA gayA hai| cipake rahanA cAhate haiN| isake apavAda svarUpa jainendra- isI prakAra, prAdhanika prANizAstra prAdi kI upalabdhiyoM siddhAntakoza meM kSa0 jinendra varNI jI kA yaha abhimata se hamAre caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga bhI lAbhAnvita par3hakara hame sukhada pAzcarya huA (bhA0 3, pR0 452) ki ho sakate hai| zraddhAlu samAja aura vicAraka ina do vargoM vartamAna ke bhagola kI, jisakA prAdhAra indriyapratyakSa hai, meM vartamAna samaya me jo antara par3A haprA dikhatA hai use avahelanA karanA yA use vizvAsayogya na mAnanA yukta yathAsambhava kama karanA to isI dizA meM prayatnoM se sambhava nhii| isa dRSTi kA vistAra apekSita hai| hogaa| (pRSTha 2 kA zeSAMza) majhe milA hai| isase unakI jaina dharma ke prati zraddhA aura milA va jo bhI acchI bAta unake dhyAna mezrA gaI, turaMta dharma kI adhika se adhika sevA karane kI bhAvanA, sAhitya kArya rUpa meM pariNata kii| yadi ve aura kucha varSa jIte to kalAnurAga evaM aneka mAnavocitra sadguNoM kA paricaya jo kAma praghare raha gaye ve kAphI hada taka pUre ho jaate| pAkara unake prati merI sadbhAvanA meM vRddhi hotI rahI hai| jaina samAja ke cAroM sampradAyoM me ekatA lAne va bambaI me nirvANa mahotsava kI mITiMga thI aura maiM dada karane ke lie unhone bahuta bar3A prayatna kiyaa| bhI usame gayA thaa| vahAM jana kalA marmajJa pUjya muni zrI apanI prora se pUrNa sAvadhAna rahe ki sabhI sampradAyoM ke yazovijaya jI ke sAtha jaina citrakalA, mUrtikalA mAdi pramakha maniyoM va vyaktiyoM kA adhikAdhika sahayoga prApta ke sambandha meM maiMne bahuta jijJAsA va anugaga sAhU jI kiyA jAya va kisI ko bhI aisA na lage ki ve digambara me paayaa| do dina taka kaI ghaNTe ve muni jI ke samparka me kA kucha bhI pakSapAta kara rahe hai| digambara sampradAya kI rahe pro kAphI preraNA prApta kI, isakA mai sAkSI huuN| ekatAke lie bhI, antima samaya me bhI, unhone bahuta acchA nirvANa mahotsava ko acchA se acchA aura adhika se prayAsa kiyaa| kheda hai ki hama una kI bhAvanA, kAryakSamatA, adhika prabhAvakArI rUpa me manAne ke lie sAhU jI me tatparatA udAratA se jitanA adhika lAbha uThAnA cAhie jitanA utsAha dekhA, unA aura kisI meM nhii| vAstava thA, nahI uThA pAye aura nirvANa mahotsava ke bAda me jitanA kA- unhona kiyA utanA dUsare kisI ne nahI hamArI ekatA va jAgati me bahuta kamI mA gyii| ataH kiyA / apane vizAla vyApAra para bahuta kama dhyAna dekara aise samaya meM unakA prAkasmika calA jAnA bahuta hI ve nirvANa mahotsava kI saphalatA ke lie pUrNa rUpa se juTa prakharatA hai| unake prabhAva kI pUrti asaMbhava sI ho gaI gye| jisase bhI, jahAM se bhI, jo acchA sujhAva unhe hai / eka nararatna ko hama kho baiThe haiN| 00D
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________________ sAhU jI ke jyeSTha putra zrI sAhU prazoka kumAra jaina vora sevA-mandira ke vartamAna adhyakSa E tatkAlIna pradhAnamaMtrI zrI morArajI desAI ke sAtha parivAra ke sadasya [yeM se bAya : zrI prazoka kumAra jaina, zrI sAhajI, zrImatI indu jaina (putra) evaM bImAsoka prakAza jaMga]
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________________ jJAnapITha puraskAra samAroha : zrI sAhUjI tatkAlIna rASTrapati zrI vI. vI. giri ke sAtha
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________________ jaina samAja ke ziromaNi zrI bhagatarAma jaina, dillI uttara pradeza ke antargata najIbAbAda ke purAne gharAnoM hI pratyanta prAsthAvAna rahe / me sAha jaina dharAnA bahuta pratiSThita rahA hai / zAntiprasAda sAhU sAhaba ne apane ina uddezyoM kI pUrti ko STi jI kA janma isI nagara aura gharAne meM san 1912 me me rakhate hue prAvazyakatA ke anurUpa anyAnya dezoM hudhA thaa| unake pitAmaha sAha salekacanda jaina the| pitA ___ kA bhramaNa-paryaTana bhI kiyaa| sarvaprathama 1936 me vaha zrI dIvAna canda jI aura mAtA zrImatI mUrtidevI jI thii| Daca-IsTa iMDIja gaye, phira 1945 meM prAsTreliyA aura mApakI prArambhika zikSA najIbAbAda ke zikSA kendroM 1954 ma soviyata rUrA / ye tInoM yAtrAyeM unhoMne bhAra. meM huii| hAI skUla karane ke bAda prApane kAzI vizva- tIya praudyogika pratinidhi ke rUpa meM kI thI bhora pari. vidyAlaya meM praveza kiyaa| vahAM se phira prAgarA vizva- NAmo kI dRSTi se ye pratyanta ullekhanIya mAnI jAtI vidyAlaya meM prA gye| prAgarA vizvavidyAlaya se hI bI. hai| briTena, amarIkA, jamanI tathA anya kaI yoropIya esa-sI. parIkSA prathama zreNI me pAsa kii| vastutaH dezo kA bhI prApane paribhramaNa kiyA aura anubhavoM ke prApakA samUcA vidyArthI jIvana prathama zreNI kA rahA mamAvezana dvArA sAhu jaina udyogoM ko adhikAdhika samaddha aura yaha kevala adhyayana aura jJAnopArjana ko daSTi se hI kiyA / nahI, varan anya dRSTiyoM se bhii| ve sabhI sadguNa macamuca jisa sahajatA ke sAtha udyoga eva vyavasAya paura sadvRttiyAM prApa meM vikasita huI jo saphalatA ke ke kSetra meM sAhU jI ne maphalatA prApta kI, vaha unakI zikhara taka pahuMcane ke lie prAvazyaka hai| svabhAvagata pratimA aura sUjhabUjha, saMgaThana kSamatA tathA udyoga ke kSetra meM mApane tIsare dazaka meM padArpaNa pradhyavamAya aura sahanazIlatA kI sammilita dena hai| kiyA thA aura prArambha se hI apanI dRSTi isa pora pichale lagabhaga 45 varSoM meM prApane vibhinna prakAra aura kendrita kI ki na kevala deza ke udyoga ba vyavasAya kA prakRti ka udyoga dhandhA ko eka suvistRta zreNI kI sthAvikAsa aura abhivana ho balki sacAlana praNAliyoM panA evaM saMcAlanA karake deza ke praudyogika vikAsa meM yogameM bhI naye-se-naye prAvidhika rUpoM kA anvayana ho| dAna kiyA mora aneka udyogoM kA netRtva kiyA / isa zreNI isake lie prApane svayaM vibhinna prAdhunika paddhatiyoM kA ka na ke antargata jahAM eka ora kAgaja, cInI, vanaspati, sImeMTa, gambhIra adhyayana kiyA tathA vividha viSaya-kSetra meM niraMtara esbesTasa prokTsa, pArTa nirmita vastuyeM, bhArI rasAyana, gaveSaNAyeM kraaii| arthazAstra aura vittIya siddhAntoM aura nAiTrojana khAda, pAvara elkohala, plAivuDa, sAikila, pattiyoM kA mApakA bar3A vyApaka aura vizada madhyayana koyale kI khAne, lAiTa relave va iMjIniyariMga varksa prAte thA aura pratyeka viSaya se sambaddha pAMka hoM evaM vivaraNa kii| haiM vahA~ dUsarI ora hindI, prajI, marAThI pora gujarAtI ke jAnakArI unheM isa prakAra hRdayagama thI ki vaha deza-videza dainika patra aura bhAvadhika patrikAyeM bhora mahatvapUrNa sAskR. ke pArthika mAmaloM ke tathya ko pUre pariprekSya me dekhakara sahI ' tika sAhityika zodha evaM prakAzana ke kArya bhI mAte haiN| niSkarSa nikAlate the aura apanI pratibhA se sabako cakita vigata varSoM meM deza kI vibhinna zIrSa vyavasAyakara dete the| vizeSa rUpa se bhAratIya udyama aura bhAratIya saMsthAnoM ke mApa adhyakSa rahe haiN| inameM pramukha hai-phaMDakSamatA ke prati mApa apane praudyogika jIvana ke prArambha se rezana grApha iMDiyana cembara prApha kAmarsa eNDa inDasTrI,
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________________ 6. ki0 3.4, varSa 1 anekA iMDiyana cembara mApha kAmarsa, iMDiyana zugara milsa eso- dAna diyA hai| mApa akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthasiezana, iMDiyana pepara missa esosiekasa, bihAra cembara kSetra kameTI, bambaI tathA pahisA pracAra samiti, kalakattA, mApha kAmarsa eNDa inDasTrI, rAjasthAna cembara mApha kAmarsa akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina pariSad evaM mAravAr3I eNDa inDasTrI, IsTarna yU0 pI0 cembara Apha kAmarsa eNDa rilIpha sosAyaTI tathA bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala ke adhyakSa inddsttrii| cAra varSa taka lagAtAra pApa mAla iMDiyA prArge- raha cuke the| nAijezana mApha iMDasTriyala empalAyarsa ke bhI adhyakSa rahe bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke aura isI avadhi meM, bhAratIya zramavyavasthA sambandhI niyama kAryakramoM ko saphala banAne meM prApakA sarvAdhika yogadAna banate samaya prApane udyoya-dhandhoM kA vyAvahArika dRSTi- rahA hai| jaina samAja ke cAroM sampradAyoM kI mora se koNa upasthita kiyaa| gaThita bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500vAM nirvANa mahotsava mahAapanI viziSTa pratibhA-sampannatA tathA vyApaka prana- samiti ke prApa kAryAdhyakSa the| bhArata kI sampUrNa di. bhava ke kAraNa sAhU jI deza ke udyoga evaM vyavasAya varga jaina samAja kI prora se gaThita pAla iDiyA digambara dvArA aneka avasaroM para sammAnita kiye gaye / svargIya pa. bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500vAM nirvANa mahotsava sosAjavAharalAla jI ne deza kI praudyogika pragati kI baijJAnika yaTI evaM bagAla pradeza kSetrIya samiti ke adhyakSa ke rUpa parikalpanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie jo prathama rASTrIya meM prApane deza-vyApI sAMskRtika cetanA ko jAgati kiyaa| samiti banAI thI usameM deza ke tarUNa praudyogika varga kA bhArata sarakAra dvArA gaThita rASTrIya samiti aura bihAra pratinidhitva karane ke lie prApako isakA sadasya banAyA tathA baMgAla kI samitiyoM meM bhI mApane mahatvapUrNa padoM thA / kA dAyitva tanmayatA se smbhaalaa| nirvANa mahotsava ke sAha sAhaba ko bhAratIya dharma darzana aura itihAsa tathA bahumukhI kAryakramoM ko mApane cintana, utsAhapUrNa netRtva sAMskatika viSayo ke adhyayana meM bhI atirikta ruci thii| paura mukhara zraddhA ke pratyakSa prabhAva se upalabdhiyoM kA jo bhAratIya kalA evaM purAtattva ke kSetra meM bhI ve sAdhikAra varadAna diyA hai vaha jaina samAja ke itihAsa meM ciracarcA kiyA karate the| dhArmika zraddhA me ve aDiga the / bhAra- smaraNIya rhegaa| tIya bhASAmoM evaM sAhitya ke vikAsonnayana kI dizA meM samAja ne apanI zraddhA svarUpa prApako 'dAnavIra' tathA pApakA pati viziSTa yogadAna rhaa| mApake dvArA san 'zrAvaka-ziromaNi' kI upAdhiyoM se sammAnita kiyaa| 1944 me bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA evaM apanI saha- unake nidhana se zrI sAhUjI ke bar3e bhAI zrI zreyAMsaprasAda dhamiNI svargIyA zrImatI ramA jaina ke sAtha usakI kArya jaina ko, sAhU jI ke bar3e putra zrI azokakumAra jaina, maMjhale pravRttiyAM, vizeSakara usake dvArA pravartita bhAratIya bhASAmoM putra zrI pAlokaprakAza jaina evaM kaniSTha putra zrI manojakI sarvazreSTha sRjanAtmaka sAhityika kRti para prativarSa kumAra jaina ko, unakI putrI zrImatI alakA jAlAna evaM eka lAkha rupaye kI puraskAra yojanA kI parikalpanA mora sAre parivAra ko jo marmAntaka prAghAta pahuMcA hai usake aba taka 11 puraskAroM ke nirNAyoM ko kAryavidhi me mana- prati samAja kI sahaja samvedanA utprerita hai| vAstava meM, varata ruci evaM mArgadarzana, unakI dUradarzitA eva kSamatA unakA dehAnta sAmAjika itihAsa kA eka yugAnta hai| ke bahuprazaMsita pramara pratIka haiN| jJAnapITha ke atirikta merA unakA sAya lagabhaga san 1950 se thaa| jaina mApane sAhU jaina TrasTa, sAhU jaina cairiTebala sosAyaTI tathA samAja kI gatividhiyo me mujhe unake sAtha kArya karane kA aneka zikSaNa saMsthAno kI bhI sthApanA kii| vaizAlI, bahuta adhika avasara milaa| unake nidhana se mujhe to prAkRta, jaina dharma eva pahisA zoSa-sasthAna ko tathA prAcIna apAra kSati huI hai| maiM unake caraNo apane zraddhA ke sumana tIrthoM eva mandiro mAdi ke jIrNoddhAra me mApane pracura matha- apita karatA huuN| C00
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________________ saujanya-mUrti sAhU jI: kucha saMsmaraNa paM0 pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, sAgara dAnavIra sara seTha zrI hakamacanda jI ke bAda zrI sAhU hue, usase samAja ko bar3A harSa humA aura kitane hI granthoM zAnti pramAda jI ne digambara jaina samAja kA netRtva jisa ke dvitIya saMskaraNa chapa cuke hai| stara se saMbhAlA usase samAja ke gaurava kI caumukhI vRddhi tIrtha kSetroM sambandhI jo vizAla sacitra grantha prabhI hAla huii| yA tIrtha kSetra, kyA zikSA, kyA prakAzana, kyA sAmA. hI meM prakAzita hue hai unase digambara jaina kSetroM ke purA. jika sevA, sabhI kAryoM ko prApane jisa tatparatA se sabhAlA tattva para paryApta prakAza paDA hai / janendra siddhAnta koza ke vaha sabake samakSa hai / samasta tIrtha kSetro para nayA nirmANa na 4 bhAga eka baDI nidhi ke rUpa meM mAne gaye hai| karA kara jIrNoddhAra me bApane jo dravya kharca kiyA hai aura prakAzana ke pratirikta, grApa deza kI sabhI bhASAmoM nahIM apane nirIkSako ko bheja kara unako dekha ke marvotama lekhaka kI kRti ko eka lAkha rupaye ke nagada rekha me, sthAyI kAma karAyA hai jo umase aneka kSetroM kA puraskAra se sammAnita karate hai| ise lekhaka ko jo kAyAkalpa ho gayA hai| papaurA kA bhoyaroM kA mandira pora sahakAra aura protsAhana prApta hotA hai usakI sarvatra sarAprahArajI kA zAntinAtha mandira isake jvalanta udAharaNa hanA ho rahI hai|| hai| bihAra prAnta hI nahIM, bhArata ke sabhI prAntIya kSetra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke Apake dvArA upakRta hue hai| sambandha meM mAnanIya sAhUjI ko tatparatA se hI use gaurava zikSA ke kSetra meM kArya karane vAlI saMsthAnoM kA prApane ke sAtha saphalatA prApta huI hai| samAja meM hone vAle bharapUra poSaNa kiyA hai| banArasa ke syAvAda vidyAlaya viziSTa prAyojanoM meM prApa svaya pahucate rahe hai aura apane mora sAgara ke gaNeza digambara jaina vidyAlaya ko mApane sAmayika sambodhano se umAja ko sabodhita karate rahe hai| paryApta sahAyatA devara sthAyI banAyA hai| mApake dvArA pichale varSa asvasthatA ke rahate hae bhI prApa droNagiri kSetra sthApita chAtravasi koSa se aneka prasahAya chAtra, chAtravRtti para hone vAle gajaratha mahotsava meM zAmila hue the| mApake pAkara apanA jIvana susampanna kara rahe hai| sAnidhya tathA sAmayika sambodhana se vahAM kI vizAla prakAzana kI dizA meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA janatA bahuta hI prabhAvita huI thii| kara mApane jo kAma kiyA hai, vaha deza meM hI nahIM videzo pUjya gaNezaprasAdajI barNIjI ke mApa vinamra bhakta the| meM bhI gaNanIya mAnA gayA hai| jJAnapITha kI mUrti devI jaba taka ve IsarI meM vidyamAna rahe, taba taka unake jayantI , pranthamAlA ke mAdhyama se digambara jaina prAcIna granthoM ke samArohoM meM pahuMcate rahe hai| unhI samAroho, me bihAra jo mAdhunika saMskaraNa prakAzita hue hai tathA lokodaya prAnta meM phaile hue sarAka jAti ke uddhAra kI yojanA banI granthamAlA ke mAdhyama se jo vipula hindI sAhitya sAmane po mora usa yojanA ke puraskartA mAnanIya sAhajI the| bhAyA hai use dekhate hue hRdaya me bar3A santoSa hotA hai| sAhajI pratyanta vinamra vyakti the| kaI vAra unase mahApurANa eka-do bhAga, uttara purANa, pamapurANa, sAkSAtkAra hmaa| koI na koI nayI bAta unake sAkSAt1.2.3 bhAga, harivaza purANa, gadya cintAmaNi, purudeva kAra se prApta hotI thii| eka bAra ve atizaya kSetra mahAcampU, jIvaghara campU aura dharmazarmAbhyudaya mAdi anya bIra jI me bana rahe kItistambha kA zilAnyAsa karane jisa sAja saccA aura vividha sAmagrI ke sAtha prakAzita gaye the| usakA vidhi-vidhAna maiMne karAyA thaa| viSi.
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________________ kaba 11 ki. 3-4 anekAna vidhAna ke bAda bhagavAna mahAvIra 9500vAM nirvANa samA- eka bAra prApa mahAra jI tathA papaurA jI gaye the| roha ke vividha prAyojanoM para vicAra hotA rhaa| jAte sAtha meM ramA jI tathA choTA putra bhI thaa| usa samaya meM samaya sTezana para merI patnI ne mujhase pUchA ki sAhUjI bhI vahAM gayA thaa| zAntinAtha mandira kA jIrNoddhAra dekha kauna hai? maiMne kahA ki ve khar3e haiM kAlA koTa phne| ye kara unhoMne baDI prasannatA pragaTa kI thii| zana unhoMne suna liye| sunate hI patnI ke pAsa khar3e ___ sAgara vidyAlaya kA svarNa jayantI utsava sammedazikhara hokara kahane lage-mAtA jI jaya jinendr| jI me karane kI svIkRti lene ke lie eka bAra hama aura droNagiri ke gajaratha mahotsava meM pAsa-pAsa Thaharane saMgoriyA jI kalakattA gaye the| taba pApane svIkRti dete meM adhika samparka rhaa| maiMne kahA ki prApa yahAM taka pA hae bar3I prasannatA prakaTa kI thii| isake eka varSa pUrva banAgaye haiM, prataH sAgara calakara pUjya varNI jI kA vidyAlaya bhI rasa ke syAdvAda vidyAlaya kA svarNajayantI utsava sammedapApako dekhanA hai| ve bole ki mAgara calane kI icchA to zikhara jI me sampanna huaA thA aura usakI adhyakSatA bahuta samaya se hai, para zarIra itanI lambI yAtrA karane me svayaM sAhajI ne kI thii| sAgara vidyAlaya ke utsava ke samaya samartha nahIM hai| prApakA prAgraha ho to mAgara calUM yA nanA- sammedazikhara jI nahI pahuMca ske| parantu bAda meM pUjya giri jI ke darzana kara paauu| do jagaha meM se eka hI jagaha varNI jI ke pAsa girIDIha meM prAkara, na pA sakane para kheda jA sakatA hai| unake zarIra kI sthiti ko dekhate hue maiM prakaTa kiyA aura mAgara vidyAlaya ko prati varSa 5000) capa ho gyaa| ve nainAgiri jI ke darzana kara droNagiri kI sahAyatA denA svIkRta kara gaye / vaha sahAyatA barAbara jI vApisa pA gye| vahA unake hAtha se chAtrAvAma kA prAtI rhii| aba do varSa pUrva 50000 ke zeyasa dekara zilAnyAsa karAyA gyaa| rAtri ko vizAla jana samUha me usa mahAyatA ko sthagita kiyA hai| ImarI me pUjya varNI prApakA sAramita bhASaNa humA / dhArmika bhASaNa ke bAda jI kA smAraka banAyA gayA hai / usake udghATana ke samaya unhoMne samAja kI prAthika sthiti ko sudhArane ke sandarbha sAhajI svayaM padhAre the| majhe bhI pahuMcane kA avasara meM bhI aneka upAya btlaaye| unhoMne kahA ki eka vyakti milA thaa| usa samaya ve pUjya varNI jI kA guNagAna karate bar3e udyogoM kI kSamatA nahIM rakhatA hai, yaha ThIka hai, parantu hae gadagada ho gaye; bole ki majhapara koI Apatti mAtI aneka loga milakara paraspara ke sahayoga se bar3e-bar3e kArya hai aura sapane meM varNI jI ke darzana ho jAte hai to saba kara sakate haiN| praudyogika kAryoM meM lagana aura dharya ko prApatti Tala jAtI hai| merI unake prati bahuta bhArI pAvazyakatA hotI hai| anta me kahA ki pUjya varNI jI prAsthA hai| kI sAdhanA bhUmi bundelakhaNDa kA pratIta gauravazAlI ve eka saujanya-mUrti the| unake prati smRti aMka kA rahA hai| tabhI to yahAM bhaneka jina mandiroM kA nirmANa prakAzana karanA kRtajJatA prakAzana kA eka prazasta rUpa hai| humA hai| 000 prAcIna kAla meM jaina dharma mahA samrATa banagupta ke darabAra meM selyukasa ke rAjadUta megAsthanIja ne apane 'bhAratavarSIya varNana' meM likhA ki-"bhAratIyoM ke do sampradAya hai.-eka 'saramanAI' (Sarmanai) (arthAta zramaNa) aura dUsarA pAcamanAI (Brachmanai) (arthAt baahmnn)| saramanAI hoke antargata ve dArzanika hai jo 'hAiloNyoha' kahalAte haiN| ve nagaroM aura gharoM meM nahIM rahate, vRkSa kI chAla se apane ko Dhakate haiM mora basa apane hAthoM se muMha takalejAkara pIte hai| vivAha karate haiM, santAnotpAvana / " maulAnA sulemAna maravI dvArA likhita 'paramaura bhArata ke sambandha' nAmaka grantha meM likhA hai kisaMsAra meM pahale do hI dharma ye-eka samamiyana aura dUsarA kairiyama / 'samaniyana'loga pUrva vezoM meM rA. sAnavAle inako bAvacana meM 'zamanAna' aura ekavacana meM 'damana' kahate haiN| cInI yAtrI sAMga ne bhI 'bhamarasa' (Sramaneras) nAma se 'mama' kA ullekha apanI yAtrA prasaMga meM kiyaa|
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________________ Adarza samAja netA zrI vaMzIdhara zAstrI ema. e., jayapura mAdaraNIya sAha zAntipramAda jI kI smRti hame usa votarAga digambara dharma kA prazna hai, bhale hI jalama na mahAna mAtmA kA smaraNa karAtI hai jinhoMne apane prathaka nikale, kintu digambara sAdhupro ke praveza kI niSedhAjJA ko zrama va dUradarzitA se bar3e-bar3e udyogoM kA saMcAnana hI hameM svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| pulisa adhikAriyoM nahIM kiyA, apitu bhAratIya sAhitya, saMskRti ke gaurava ne aisI niSedhAjJA binA jalasa ke lie svIkRti dene se ko bar3hAne meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyA / ve koTapA- inkAra kara diyaa| anta me sAha jI ke vyaktigata uccaghIza hote hue bhI samAja, saMskRti evaM dharma sasthAnoM ke starIya prayatnoM se munipraveza ke niSedha binA hI rathayAtrA lie sAdhAraNa kAryakartA bana jAte the| kI svIkRti mila gii| ve samAja ke utthAna ke lie satata jAgarUka rahate sAha jI ne sAhitya ke sarakSaNa, saMvarddhana ke lie the| ve samAja kI mAna-maryAdA ko ucca stara para rakhanA bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA to kI hI, sAtha hI sAhicAhate the / sana 1960 meM kalakattA pulisa ne vahA~ ke tyakArI ko protsAhita karane ke lie bhArata kA nobila prasiddha ratha yAtrA jalasa ke lie nagna sAdhu ke praveza kI puraskAra-'jJAnapITha puraskAra-kI sthAyI yojanA bnaaii| niSedhAjJA yukta svIkRti denI cAhI thii| samAja ke aneka merA jJAnapITha ke vartamAna padAdhikAriyoM se nivedana hai pramakha vyaktiyoM ne yaha kaha kara aisI svIkRti ke lie ki ve isa puraskAra kA nAma 'zAtipramAda jaina puraskAra' hA~ karanA cAhA thA ki abhI vahA muni nahI hai, ataH ghoSita kara unakI smRti ko cirasthAyI banAve / aisI niSedhAjJA mAna kara julUsa kI svIkRti le lenI sAhU jI jaina tIrthoM ke jIrNoddhAra ke lie sarvadA caahie| lekina sAha jI jaise svAbhimAnI ke lie aisA cintita rhe| unhoMne aneka tIrtho ke vikAsa ke lie saba takaM svIkArya nahI thA / unhone spaSTa kahA ki yaha kisI prakA* kA sahayoga diyaa| unakI yaha vizeSatA anukaravyakti ke bhI hone yA na hone kA prazna nahIM hai, yaha NIya hai ki unhone hajAroM, lAkho rupae kA dAna kara bhI jyotirmaya vyaktitva kabhI apanA nAma likhAne chapAne kI cintA nahI kii| ve samAja kI phUTa evaM saMgharSa meM vyathita rahate the| saMskRti kSitija kA jyotirmaya, unakA hamezA yahI prayAsa rahanA thA ki mamAja me ekatA eka nakhata jyoM TUTa gyaa| rahe, tAki samAja apane dhAnika prAyatano kI rakSA karatA saMskRti saragama kA jyoM koI, hamA rASTra kI gatividhiyo meM apanA samucita sthAna ___ marima svara jyoM TUTa gayA / / prApta kara ske| samAja meM ekatA kA sthAyI rUpa banA sAhitya, saMskRti ko jisane -- rahe, isake lie hama saba prayatna kareM yahI hamArI unake prati kSaNa sajIvanI dI: prati saccI zraddhAMjali hogii| ekatA hone se hI gamAja vaha dAnI karNa, zramaNa - apanI sarvatomavI pragati kara sakegA, anyathA nhii| saMskRti kA, asamaya rUTha gyaa| --zrI mizrIlAla jaina, eDavokeTa 115. cANakya mArga, subhASa cauka, pRthvIrAja mArga, gunA (ma0 pra0) | jayapura (rAjasthAna)
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________________ saMgataM zrI-sarasvatyoH DA0 harIndra bhUSaNa jaina ema. e., pI-eca. DI., ujjana vizvavandya mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne apane vikramorvazIya sAhajI kI jaina dharma aura darzana ke prati praTa zraddhA nATaka ke bharatavAkya meM likhA hai : ge| ve prAkRta bhASA aura usake sAhitya ke unnayana meM parasparavirodhinyorekasaMzrayadurlabham / vizeSa ruci lete the| isa vizeSa prayojana kI siddhi ke saGgataM zrIsarasvatyobhUtaye'stu sadA satAm // lie unhoMne 'akhila bhAratIya prAcya vidyA sammelana' ke prarthAt-paraspara virodhinI zrI evaM sarasvatI kA bhUtapUrva pradhAna adhyakSa yaza.zeSa DA e. ena. upAdhye, eka sthAna para samAgama yadyapi darlabha hai, phira bhI sajjanoM prAkRta evaM jainolAjI vibhAga ke bhUtapUrva adhyakSa svargIya kI samRddhi ke lie ina dono kA mamAgama ho| DA. hIrAlAlajI, pa. kailAzacandrajI zAstrI prAdi ke aisA lagatA hai ki mahAkavi ko uparyukta kAmanA ko parAmarza evaM sahayoga se sva. puNyazlokA mAtA mUrtidevI sAkAra karane ke lie hI bhArata ke gaurava evaM jaina samAja kI pavitra smRti meM, bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke antargata 'mUrti ke anabhiSikta samrAT sAhU zAntiprasAda jana ne isa bhArata devI jaina graMthamAlA' kI sthApanA kii| isa graMthamAlA ke bha ko alaMkRta kiyA thA / mAdhyama se prAkRta, saskRta, apabhraza, hindI, kannar3a, tamila 'sAha' zabda jaina saMskRti kA mahatvapUrNa zabda hai| Adi prAcIna bhASAmro me upalabdha prAgamika, dArzanika anAdi-nidhana mantra me hama sabhI paDhate haiM-"Namo loe savva paurANika, sAhityika, aitihAsika prAdi vividha viSayaka sAhUNa" / 'sAhU' kA artha hai mAdhu arthAt sarala, nizchala, jaina-sAhitya kA anusandhAna-pUrNa sampAdana, anuvAda evaM vinIta, sevAbhAvI, svapara-kalyANI prAdi / dUsare zabdoM meM, prakAzana ho rahA hai| jaina bhaMDAroM kI sUciyAM, jaina mAnavatA ke jitane vibhUSaNa isa vasundharA para sambhava hai, zilAlekha saMgraha aura loka-hitakArI jaina sAhitya bhI 'sAhU' ne una sabako sameTa liyA hai| yadi hama va he ki isI graMthamAlA meM prakAzita ho rahA hai| zraddheya sAhU jI kA nAmApra 'sAra' na kevala sArthaka hai, sAha jI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 25 soveM nirvANa pratyuta vaha unake samagra jIvana ke lakSya, Adarza eva citana mahotsava ko, sabhI sampradAyoM ke dvArA mila kara saphala ko pratibimbita karatA hai, to yaha koI pratyukti na hogii| banAne me jo abhUtapUrva yogadAna diyA, vaha avismaraNIya hai| mantima kSaNo meM unakI prabhilASA hastinApura meM munizrI isa avasara para yadi bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne apane mahatvapUrNa zAMtisAgara mahArAja ke nikaTa sAdha jIvana vyatIta karane prakAzana na kie hote to mahAvIra parinirvANa mahotsava kI thii| kevala utsavo aura bhASaNo meM hI ulajha kara raha jaataa| sAhUjI ne apane jIvana meM, vizeSataH udyoga-vyavasAya sAhUjI ne prAcIna jaina tIrthoM aura mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra ke kSetra meM jo aneka lakSya prApta kie, ve ni.sandeha meM pracara arthadAna kiyaa| unhoMne sAha jana kAleja, najIbAprasAdhAraNa hai| para hama jisa bAta ko atyanta mahanIya bAda jaisI aneka zaikSaNika saMsthAno kI bhI sthApanA kii| mAnate haiM vaha unakA rASTra kI sAskRtika, sAhityika evaM jaina zikSA ke kSetra meM sAhajI kA jo avismaraNIya zaikSaNika pragati meM pradRSTapUrva yogadAna / yogadAna hai, vaha hai vaizAlI meM 'prAkRta, jaina dharma evaM ___ mAhU jI bhAratIya dharma eva darzana, itihAsa tathA ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna' tathA maisUra vizvavidyAlaya meM 'sAha saMskRti aura purAtatva evaM kalA ke adhyayana me vizeSa jaina ceyara ina jainAlAjI' kI sthApanA / ruci rakhate the| unake mana meM bhAratIya bhASAmo paura isa prakAra, dAnavIra eva zrAvaka ziromaNi sAha sAhitya ke vikAsa kA dar3ha sakalpa thaa| isa uddazya kI zrI zAntiprasAda jI ne apane jIvana ke 65 yazasvI varSa pUrti ke lie unhone bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kI mAnavatA kI sevA meM vyatIta kie| bhArata mAtA ke isa aura bhAratIya bhASAmo ko sarvazreSTha sRjanAtmaka sAhi- sacce sapUta ko merA sAdara praNAma / 000 tyika kRti para prativarSa eka lAkha rupae ke puraskAra kI rIDara, saMskRta vibhAga, vikrama vizvavidyAlaya, ghoSaNA kii| ujjaina (ma0 pra0)
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________________ sAhU zAntiprasAda : seTha aura sAdhu 0 DA. premasAgara jaina, ema. e., pI-eca. DI, bar3auta sAha zAntiprasAda jaina seTha the to sAdhu bhI the, aisA maiM athavA samAroha vAle dina prAta:kAla / majhe samIpa se jAnA aneka varSoM ke samparka se jAna sakA hN| jaba zAntiprasAda jaina hotA thA, prata. nizcinta rahatA thA aura kisI-kisI varSa a nokhalana rahate the| zAma ke cAra baje taka pahuca pAtA thaa| isa bIca sAha zAntipramAda kama-se-kama pAca bAra TelIphona kara mAlama chattA lagA huA thaa| kucha chAtra use tor3ane kA prayatna karate the ki premasAgara abhI taka prAye yA nhii| bhAjI karate the, to zAnti jI nAnA upAyo se unhe roke rahate ke samaya ve sadaiva mujhe apane pAsa baTAla kara khilAte the| the| eka dina ve zahara gaye hue the ki kucha chAtro ne usa baDe-baDe logo se merA paricaya bahuta acche zabdo meM kara. chatte ko toDa ddaalaa| makkhiyo ko mAra diyA / java vAte the aura maiM sakucita hokara raha jAtA thaa| mere pAsa zAnti bhAI lauTa kara pAye aura unhone aisA depA to jo inphIriyarTI hai vaha dillI ke usa ucca varga meM rone lage ! usa samaya unakA ro par3anA chAge ke madhya / spaSTa ho uThatI thii| zAyada vaha yaha saba kucha samajhate baDI carcA kA viSaya rhaa| isase unake mAvA dila bhIra the, isIlie mujhe adhikAdhika protsAhana bhora preraNA deta ahiMsaka bhAva kA paricaya milatA hai| ve eka purAne jaina the prora merA aisA citra khIcata the, jaisA ki maiM nhii| unakI isa sadAzayatA kA mai sadaiva RNI rhgaa| sarakAro se yukta khAnadAna meM janme the| sAha jI kI sahRdayatA janma-jAta thii| unakA sva___maiMne aisA aneka avasaro para dekhA ki dIna-dukhI ko / bhAva hI aisA thaa| jo kucha uThatA, bhItara se / dikhAve dekha kara unakA dila dayA-dravita ho uThanA thaa| unhoMne / vAlI bAta hI nahIM thii| bhAja kI udAratA ke pIche prAge calakara, garIba chAtro kI bhalAI ke lie hI ' sAhU dikhAve ke na jAne kitana mukhoTe car3he hue hai| uname aisA jaina TrasTa" kI sthApanA kI, jisakI sahAyatA se aneka jaina nahI thaa| unhone jo kucha kiyA, dila se kiyaa| 'mahApaura prajana chAtra vidyAdhyayana kara sake aura prAja bar3e vIra nirvANotsava' ke sAla se pahale hI unhe eka aisA bar3e pado para pratiSThita hai| yaha TrasTa aba bhI cala rahA ucca sahaja vAtAvaraNa milA thA, jisameM unakI udAratA hai aura aneka navayuvA usase lAbhAnvita ho rahe hai| ko unmukta avakAza milaa| phira to, kahI unhona tIrtho sAha jI kI eka sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai-anahakAra / ko diyA, kahI mandiroM ko, kahI munisagho ko, kahI unhone choTe-bar3e kA bheda kiye binA samAna bhAva se granthAgAro ko, vahI vizvavidyAlayo ko, kahI utsavo guNiyoM kA samAdara kiyaa| maiM una dino bhAratIya jJAna ko aura kahI vidvadpuraskAro ko| unako zraddhA kA kAzana samiti' kA sadasya thaa| eka lAkha ke pora chora nahI thA-manADambarita shrddhaa| ve mhaamn| puraskAra samAroha ke avasara para 'prakAzana samiti' kI the| baiThaka humA karatI thii| DA. e. ena. upAdhye, DA. unhe apanI jAti se prema thA, kintu unameM jAtivAda nemicandra zAstrI aura pa0 kailAzacanda jI bhI sadasya the| kA viSa nahI thaa| unhona athaka prayatna kiyA ki cAge hamAre Thaharane kA prabandha prAyaH sAhU zreyAMmaprasAda gaisTa sampradAya mila kara mahAvIra nirvANotmava mnaaye| hamA hAusa', golphalika geDa para kiyA jAtA thaa| tIna sadasya bhI aise hI, kintu jo pAghAye bhAI, ve ananubhUta aura dUra ke the| ve pahale hI pA jAte the-eka dina pahale akalpanIya thii| sAhU jI kA svAsthya bigar3atA gayA
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________________ 12, varSa 31, ki0 3.4 amekAta paura paTanA meM aisA "hArTa aTeka" huprA ki jIne kI prAzA mAha zAntiprasAda cupacApa baiThe the aura usa carcA ko hI dhamila paDa gii| kintu prakRti ko unakA jAnA dhyAnapUrvaka suna rahe the / ekAeka unhoMne pUchA ki eka abhISTa nahI thaa| abhI unase kucha kAma lenA thA aura zodha atha me adhika se adhika do-cAra mAnyatAeM sthApita ve baca gye| zrImatI ramA rAnI kI dina-rAta kI mevA kI jAtI hai. phira gratha itanA moTA kyoM ho jAtA hai ! kA pracchA phala prApta huprA aura sAhU jI mRtyu ke una mAnyatApro ko saMsthApita karane, pramANika banAne pora karAla jabar3o me jAkara bhI nikala Aye / pUSTa karane ke lie sAmagrI ko irda-girda lagAnA hI hotA isa bIca, sampradAyoM kA santulana bigar3a gyaa| mAhU hai, aimA maine uttara diyaa| mAhUjI ne kahA ki yadi aisA jI ke bImAra ho jAne se, koI anya yogya nirdezana na bhI hai to kucha sambandhita sAmagrI ke sAtha mAnyatAmoM ke mila sakA, to santulana bigaDanA thA, vaha bigar3A / dUsarI prastutIkaraNa me sATha yA sattara pRSTha se adhika na ho pora, digambaroM me eka nagA mata 'kAjI svAmI" ke paayeNg| itanA prAvazyaka hai ki sAmagrI "Ta di pvAiTa' ho| nAma para jora pakaDane lgaa| yaha mata kevala 'nizcaya' para maiM aimA samajhatA hU~ ki vyartha ke bhAra se hI zodha graMtha kA bala detA hai, 'vyavahAra' ko nitAnta heya aura barjanIya kalevara bar3ha jAtA hai| maiM capa ho gyaa| isake bAda itane kahatA hai / isane jana-sAdhAraNa meM pracalita "bhakti'' ko varSoM taka maiM nirantara yaha socatA rahA hUM ki sAhU sAhava miTA dene kI bAta khii| unhoMne jainoM meM pracalita deva. kA kathana nitAta maraya aura anusandhitsu tathA unake zAstra-guru kI bhakti ko kAra diyaa| mAsArika jana ko nidezako ke lie kharI cenAvanI bhI thii| yaha satya hai ki honA yAja ke zodha graya prAya vyartha ke bojha se bojhila hote (unakA kAjI svAmIkA) purajora baDana kiyaa| unake grathA itanA hI nahIM samama-samaya para saskRta, prAkRta, ko jalAyA athavA nadI meM bahA diyaa| bahiSkAra kI bAta apabhraza, hindI, kannaDa Adi me kaMsa prathoM kI racanA ho, bhI jora pakar3ane lgii| sAha jI ne isako santulita aimA dizA-nirdeza bhI ve dete rahate the| unhI kI sUjha-bUjha mastiSka se nApA-jomA aura prkhaa| unhona dakhA ki kA pariNAma thA ni mahAvIra nirvANAMmatva" ke varSa meM, digambara vikhaNDita ho jaayege| zAyada isI kAraNa unhAna bhAratIya jJAnapITha "jaina sthApatya aura kalA" jaise grathoM 'digambara jaina mahAsamiti' kI racanA kii| unhone kahA kI racanA karavA kara prakAzita karane meM samartha hpaa| jaina ki digambaro ke sabhI mata aura sampradAya isame sammi graMtha bhaMDAro me prAcIna mahatvapUrNa graMtha hastalikhita rUpa meM lita hoN| hameM khulI vicAradhArAgoM kA adhikAra hai, surakSita hai| sAhajI cAhate the ki una saba ko bAhara kevala mata-vabhinya ke kAraNa hama pRthaka na hoge| marate nikAlA jAye, unakA sampAdana aura prakAzana ho| ve isa marate ekatA kA yaha aAhvAna jitanA zAnadAra thA, utanA / dizA meM bar3ha rahe the| bharamaka sahAyatA bhI karate the| jaina hI unakI bhAva-garimA kA dyotaka bhii| hindI kI prAcIna aura madhyakAlIna racanAmoM ko vaha sAha zAntiprasAda paNDita the| bhAratIya jaina purAtatva bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita karanA cAhate the| unhoMne kA unako viziSTa jJAna thaa| mantra-tantra meM unako gati apanA yaha vicAra ekAdhika bAra mujha para prakaTa kiyA kisI bhI sAdhAraNa koTi ke vidvAna se adhika thii| sabasa thaa| etadartha kucha varSa pUrva "bhAratIya jJAnapITha" kI bar3I bAta thI -- unakI maulika pratibhA aura nava-navonma- prakAzana samiti meM mujhe do graMtha sauMpe gaye thezAlinI baddhi / eka dRSTAta de rahA hU:--mAratIya jJAnapITha madhyakAlIna hindI padoM ke AdhAra para 'bhakti aura bhAva' kI prakAzana samiti kI baiThaka thii| zodha pravandha ke tathA jaina hindI kA mAdi kAla' / mujhe dukha hai ki unake prakAzana para carcA cala raho thii| zodha gratha ke prakA- jIvana kAla meM maiM inheM taiyAra na kara skaa| prava, pahalA zana meM paryApta vyaya karanA hotA hai| isa dRSTi se inakama graMtha jJAnapITha ko sauMpA hai aura dUsarA bhI taiyAra hI hai| nahI ho paatii| eka prakAra se ghATe kA saudA rahatA hai| kucha pichar3a gayA / mAja ke jIvana kI ghanIbhUta vyastatA
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________________ sahazAnsiAra: seTha morA aura satata mAnasika tanAva, manuSya ko jar3a-mUla se tor3ate icchA thI ki jaina sAdhu mAdhunika yuga ko ThIka se samajhe, jA rahe haiN| maiM bhI usase pRthak nahI huuN| lekhana kArya se madhyayanazIla baneM, maulika granthoM kA nirmANa kreN| kucha udAsInatA-sI hotI jA rahI hai| jaina grathoM ke samAja ko ThIka se samajhe binA sAdhu usame pratiSThAlikhane meM pratyadhika zrama karanA hotA hai / yaha zrama niSThA pUrvaka vicaraNa nahIM kara sakatA / sAdhu ko aihika loke. ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| kiMtu niSThAvAna ko na SaNAmro se dUra rahanA hI cAhie, aisA ve cAhate the| isa pratiSThA milatI hai aura na jIvana yApana kI suvidhaae| bAta ke ve sasta khilApha the ki kama umra kI lar3akiyoM DA. ema. viNTaranitsa sAta samandara pAra hindustAna meM hai aura lahako ko dIkSA dI jaae| yadi dI jAye to satra kara 'hisTrI Apha iMDiyana liTarecara' likha sake, kA Na aura saMghAcAryoM ko sazakta honA hI cAhie / sAdhu yA thA UMcI se UMcI jIvana suvidhAe, jo unakI sarakAra sAdhvI kA caritra eka mAdarza caritra honA anivArya hai| ne unhe dI thii| dUsarI pora eka jaina dhanADhya vyakti usase samAja aura rASTra eka dizA grahaNa karatA hai / apane beTe kI zAdI ke nimantraNa-patra ko khabasUrata banAne sAhU zAnti prasAda mUlata vyApArI the| unhone apane meM jitanA kharca kara sakatA hai, jaina graMtha ke prakAzana me choTe vyApAra ko samRddha bnaayaa| uname pratibhA thI aura nhiiN| jaina lekhaka kI kRti yadi vaha prakAzita bhI karatA riska jhelane kI abhUtapUrva kssmtaa| var3hate-bar3hate unakA hai, to yaha jaina lekhaka para usakA prahamAna hI hai| ddaa.|| vyApAra bhArata ke loDiga 35 vyApAro meM ginA jAne ena. upAdhye ne mujhe batAyA thA ki eka jaina lekhaka ne lgaa| unhone koTizaH sampatti kmaaii| yaha vahI kara apanA patha prakAzita karavAne ke lie prAdhA vyaya diyA thaa| sakatA hai. jisame vyApArika sUjha-bajha ho-aimI vaisI isa sabake hote hue bhI sAhU zAntiprasAda ne bhAra- nahI, jimane annara-rASTrIya artha tantra ko bhalI-bhAti tIya jJAnapITha se jo bhI prakAzita kiyA, lekhaka kA bhara. samajhA ho| utAra caDhAva pAye, acchAiyA-burAiyAM bhI pUra mehanatAnA diyaa| hisAba-kitAba me kabhI gar3abaDa milI, kintu ve vahate gaye aura unakA vyApAra prAsamanahI huii| jJAnapITa lekhaka ke prati pUrI ImAnadAne drAnta hI nahIM, use bhI pAra kara vistata ho gyaa| kintu baratatA hai, yaha sabhI jAnate hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hara mAnava-mana vicitra hotA hai| usakI antara paratoM ko lekhaka apanI racanA jJAnapITha ko denA cAhatA hai| isake kauna samajha pAtA hai| sAhu sAhaba kA mana zana:-zana: atirikta, sAhu zAnti prasAda pratyeka racanA ko U~ce stara mumukSa ho utthaa| ve prAtmavAn bana utthe| vyApAra aura se prakAzita karate the| kyA kAgaja, kyA geTamapa, kyA paise se nitAMta nirAsakta mana lie ve samUce bhArata meM prapa rIDiMga sabhI kucha uttama hotA thaa| unakI ruciyAM daur3ate phire / kucha ne unheM samajhA aura kucha ne nahIM / ve parimArjita mora susaMskRta thii| unmukta-hasta vizvavidyAlayo me "jaina dheyarsa", zodha jIvana ke antima varSoM meM sAha zAnti prasAda aura saMsthAna, kAleja, tIrthakSetra aura mandiroM ko dete raheeka vItarAgI sAdhu me koI antara nahI raha gayA thaa| dete gaye, jaba taka unakA divAvasAna na humA / merI dRSTi unakA hRdaya nirmala darpaNavat ho gayA thaa| unheM adhyAtma me ve isa duniyA ke eka kSamatAvAna vyakti the| jaba mana kA gaharA jJAna thaa| ve calate-phirate, uThate-baiThate sadaMva mahA, to unakI kSamatA, paraloka ko divya anubhUtiyoM mAtma-lIna se rahate the| sAdhuo kI adhika-se-adhika ko bhI sahaja hI sahejane meM samartha huii| sevA-suzruSA aura vinaya karate the| una para, unake saghoM mAja ve nahIM hai| unakI smRti-bhara hai| saba cale para, unakI kRtiyoM para dhana vyaya karane meM ve kabhI hicake jAte haiM / jo pAyA hai vaha jaayegaa| ve bhI gae, kintu ve nhiiN| yadi una para kabhI upasarga prAyA, to use dUra amara-putra the, yaha kahane meM mujhe koI saMkoca nhii| 00 karane meM unhone bharasaka prayatna kiyaa| samUce bhArata meM adhyakSa hindI vibhAga. jaina sAdhunoM ke ve ekamAtra saMrakSaka the| unakI tIvra di. jaina kAleja, bar3auta (meraTha)
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________________ bIsavIM sadI ke bhoja 0 zrI kundanalAla jaina, dillI dasavIM sadI meM paramAravaMzI dhArA nareza mahArAja bhoja- yA cApalUsa sAhityakAra le ur3eMge, koI kahatA thA rAjarAja deva jisa taraha lakSmI aura sarasvatI ke apUrva saMgama naitika dabAva yA siphAriza para yaha puraskAra diyA jAyA the, usI taraha hajAra varSa bAda isa bIsavIM sadI me uttara kregaa| para pichalI dasa-bAraha puraskRta kRtiyoM ko cayana pradeza ke najIbAbAda nAmaka eka choTe se kasbe ke sAhU paddhati ko dekhakara sabhI kI prAzaMkAeM evaM pravizvAsa parivAra meM zrI zAnti prasAda jI janme the| unheM yadi kapUra kI bhAMti gala gae haiN| jisa niSpakSatA, sacAI aura isa sadI kA bhoja kahA jAve to koI pratyukti na hogii| ImAnadArI evaM gahana chAnabIna ke bAda prati varSa ___ sAha zAnti prasAda jI ne apanI pratibhA, buddhi-kozala racanA puraskAra ke lie cunI jAtI hai, usake pIche sva. evaM satata adhyavasAya se mahArAja bhoja kI bhAti lakSmI zrI sAha jI eva sva. sau. ramA jI kI vizuddha sAhityika paura sarasvatI kA adbhuta saMgama sthApita kiyA thA / ve udAttabhAvanA evaM niSpakSa dRDha sakalpa hI kArya kara rahe haiN| hindU vizvavidyAlaya kAzI, ke sAima grejueTa the, para sva0 sAhU jI jahAM jaina saskRti aura jana vAGgamaya unhoMne apane vaijJAnika adhyayana eva takanIkI svAdhyAya ke prabala uddhAraka, pracAraka evaM prasAraka the, vahAM sampUrNa se apanA jJAna bahuta vistRta kara liyA thaa| bhAratIya saMskRti, sAhitya aura vAGgamaya evaM bhAratIya sau0 ramA jaisI patnI ko pAkara unakA dAmpatya bhASAmo ke prati unakA daSTikoNa bar3A udAra, sahAnubhUtijIvana maNi kAcana saMyoga kI bhAti damaka uThA thA / ve pUrNa eva tIvra anurAgamaya thaa| ve sabhI bhAratIya bhASAmro jahAM jJAna ke sacce prArAdhaka aura pujArI the, vahA lakSmI ke sapUrNa sAhitya ko samunnata eva samRddha dazA me dekhanA unake caraNa cambana kiyA karatI thI, para unhone lakSmI meM cAhate the aura isake lie manasA-vAcA-karmaNA prayatnazIla kabhI prAsakti nahIM dikhaaii| ve to jJAna kI jyoti ko bhI the| mAlokita karane meM hI apanA tana mana dhana lagAte rhe| eka vAra sva. DA. e. ena. upAdhye mora sva. DA. sAha jI ne amerikA ke zrI kADaM kI bhAti apane hIrA lAla jI evaM sva. bA. choTelAla jI ne sva0 sAha vyAvasAyika sAmrAjya kA vistAra kiyA thaa| para ve jI ke samakSa eka yojanA rakhI ki jahA-jahAM jo-jo usase 'jalate bhinna kamala' kI bhAMti sarvathA nirAsakta prAcIna hasta likhita pAMDalipiyAM eva prathAgAroM meM prAcIna rhe| udhara dUsarI ora mi. nobila kI bhAMti apanI sAhitya jIrNa-zIrNa yA avyavasthita dazA me par3A ho, use kIti patAkA ko cirasthAI rakhane ke lie unhone jJAnapITha ekatrita kara eka kendrIya pustakAlaya meM vaijJAnika dRSTi se puraskAra kA mAyojana kiyaa| mahArAja bhoja bhale hI sagahIta evaM surakSita kiyA jAve bhora mahatvapUrNa eka zloka para 'lakSa dadoM kI ukti se itihAsa me prasiddha pAMDalipiyoM kI mAikophilmiga karA lI jAve jIrNa-zIrNa hoM, para jJAnapITha kA prativarSa eka sarvazreSTha kRti para eka granthoM kA rakharakhAva vaijJAnika dRSTi se kiyA jAve jisase lAkha ru0kA puraskAra to isa sadI ke sabhI logo ne dekhA prAge pAne vAle manusaMdhissumoM ko sAhityAnveSaNa ke lie sUnA hai| isa sArI sUjha-bUjha evaM kriyAnvayana ke pIche kAraNa hI bhaTakanA na par3e tathA zodha kI suvidhAeM sarasva. zrI sAhU jI eva sva. so. ramA jI kA hI hAtha thaa| latA se prApta ho ske| jaba jJAnapITha ke puraskAra kA prAyojana cala rahA thA sva0 sAhU jI isa punIta sAhityika evaM sAMskRtika aura isakI bhUmikA evaM vidhi-vidhAna taiyAra kie jA zreSTha kArya me tana-mana-dhana se pUrA-pUrA sahayoga dene ko rahe the taba logo ne isakI niSpakSatA para bar3e-bar3e prazna tatpara the / eka bAra jaba unase bheMTa haI aura maiMne uparyakta cinha lagAe the| koI kahatA thA yaha puraskAra to kevala yojanA ke sambandha me unake vicAra aura pragati jAnanA jainiyoM ko hI milegA, koI kahatA thA ki ise cATukAra cAhI to unhoMne bar3e pIr3A bhare svara meM kahA thA ki "cauSa.
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________________ bIsavI sadI ke mauja dhariyoM ko caudharAhaTa kA kyA hogA ?" ktinI marmAntaka sevA-suzruSA evaM upacAra se sAhU jI ko bacA liyA aura vyathA thI unake ina zabdo me? ve prAcIna jaina sAhitya ko apane pAtivRtya evaM satItva ko sArthaka kara dikhAyA, pUrNatayA surakSita evaM prakAzita dekhanA cAhate the| aura kucha samaya bAda unheM akelA chor3a svayaM svargavAsinI maiM vigata bhaTrAraha varSoM se dillIke jaina atha bhaMDAroM meM ho gaI, ramAjI aisI zreSTha aura satI mahilA ratna thiiN| ramA sthita prAcIna hastalikhita grandhoM kA sarvekSaNa evaM vistRta jI ke cale jAne para sAhU jI sarvathA TuTa gae the| ve prAyaH keTAlAga (sUcI) kA kAma karatA pA rahA hai| jaba udAsa rahate the phira bhI samAja sevA paura sAhityika kAryoM isake prakAzana kI bAdhA vyavadhAna ko prora unakA dhyAna me unakI ruci kama nahI ho pAI thI / yadyapi unakA bAmAMga prAkarSita kiyA gayA to unhoMne turanta hI isakI vyavasthA calA gayA thA phira bhI ve dhArmika, sAmAjika evaM sAhityika karA dI aura aba yaha dillI jina-grantha ratnAvalI' ke kAryoM meM sadA hI sakriya aura sajaga bane rhe| isa taraha nAma se jAnITha se praka zita ho rahI hai| isI taraha, unhoMne kabhI bhI zithilatA nahIM prAne do! sva. sAhU (jaina ArTa eNDa prAkiTekcara) nAma bRhat grantha ke prakAzana jI jaisA sarala aura sAttvika jIvana virale hI lakSmI. me bhI unhoMne apAra dhana vyaya kiyaa| jaina tIrtha kSetroM pati jI pAte hai| ve pUjya kSullaka pa. gaNezaprasAda jI varNI aura maMdiroM kA itihAsa evaM unakI DAyarekTarI tayAra ke parama bhakta the / ve nitya niyama se pUjana karate the| unake karAne meM bhI sAhU dampatti sadA hI tatpara rahate the| uTha jAne se prAja jaina samAja kA hI nahIM apitu saMpUrNa nidhana chAtro ke ucca adhyayana eva vaijJAnika aura bhArata rASTra kA jAjvalyamAna nakSatra prasta ho gayA hai takanIkI prazikSaNa ke lie sva. sAha jI ne apanI parama jisakI kSatipUrti nikaTa bhaviSya me honA asaMbhava pratIta pUjyA mAtezvarI mati devI ke nAma se 'mUrti devI chAtravRtti hotA hai| phaDa' kI sthApanA kI thI jisase hajAro pratibhAvAn chAtro Aja jaba mai sva0 sAhU jI ko 'bIsavI sadI kA bhoja' ne lAbha uThAyA mora prAja deza aura samAja kI sarvAMgINa likha rahA hai to mere maStiska meM acAnaka hI dhArA nareza rUpa se sevA kara rahe hai| mahArAja bhoja kI pAThazAlA kI usa vAgdebI ko pratimA likhane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sAha dampati baDe udAra kA sahaja puNya smaraNa ho rahA hai jise mahArAja bhoja praura ucca caritra ke dhanI the / lakSmI kI vipulatA evaM ne nimita aura pratiSThita karAyA thA aura vaha prAjakala balatA ke kAraNa prAya: vyakti meM anekoM durguNa paMdA ho ladana ke ipIriyala myUjiyama me surakSita hai, jisakI pranujAte hai para sva. sAhU jI isake sarvathA apavAda the| ye bar3e kRtiyAM jJAnapITha tayAra karA kara puraskRta sAhityakAra mitabhASI evaM ucca vicAraka the| samAja sudhAra aura ko prativarSa bheTa karatI hai| isa taraha sva. sAhU jI kA utthAna evaM sAhitya ke bahumukhI vikAsa ke lie ve sadA vAgdevA ko pra vAgdevI kI pratimA ke mAdhyama se mahArAja bhoja se hI prayatnazIla bane rhe| bha0 mahAvIra ke 2500veM sAmaJjasya baThAnA kAi sAmajasya baiThAnA koI cATukAritA yA kalpanA nahI hai, nirvANotsava para ve yadyapi bahata hI asvastha the, phira bhI apitu sahaja hI hRdaya me ghuNAkara nyAya se utpanna yathAisa zubha avasara para unhoMne jaina ekatA ke lie jo pra- rthatA hai / 'bIsavIM sadI ke isa bhoja' ko maiM dhArA nareza thaka parizrama kiyA vaha itihAsa me sadA svarNAkSaro meM se kisI bhI dRSTi se kama nahI samajhatA huuN| akita rhegaa| paramaprabhu se prArthanA hai ki unakI prAtmA jahAM kahIM jaba paTanA me sAha jI ko hRdaya roga kA daurA par3A bhI ho, zAnti aura sadgati prApta kre| hama isa sadI ke to sau. ramA jI ne bar3I dar3hatA aura pUrNa vizvAsa ke zodhArthI aura sarasvatI ke sevaka unake prati apane hArdika sAtha kahA thA ki mere rahate unheM kucha nahI ho sakatA zraddhA sumana samarpita karate haiM aura prArthanA karate hai ki unake aura turanta hI eka vyakti ko munizrI vidyAnaba jI ke dvArA nirdezita patha para hameM calate rahane kI preraNA paura pAsa bheja kara unakA zubhAzIrvAda magAyA paura svayaM zakti milatI rhe| 100 zruta kuTIra havAI jahAja dvArA turanta hI paTanA pahuMcI aura apanI 68, kuntImArga, vizvAsanagara, zAhadarA, dillI-32
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________________ udAramanA sadAzaya vyaktitva DA. devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca jaina samAja ke hI nahIM, bhAratIya saMskRti eva pAtI / sAhitya ke kSetra meM eka lAkha kA puraskAra pravartita sadIya jIvana ke abhyudaya me sAha-parivAra kA atyanta kara, rASTra ke sAhityakAroM meM vizeSa abhiruci kA unnayana marakhapaNaM yogadAna rahA hai| sva0 zAntiprasAda jI kabhI kara, eka ese sAhityika va sAMskRtika vAtAvaraNa kA sImita saMkramita dAyaro tathA sakANaM vicAra- nirmANa kara, dakSiNa tathA uttara. pavaM vaM pani na ma kara sadA usa rAjamArga me rahe jA kSitijoM kI dUrI samApta kara, sabhI bhAratIya bhASAnoM bIyatA evaM sAra kRtika gaurava garimA ke prAdarza ke ke sAhitya ko jJAnapITha (vastutaH jJAnapITha) ke maMca se anurUpa ho| isalie unake vyaktitva meM jisa udAratA, prakAzamAna kiyA hai| idhara dakSiNa kI bhASApro ke prAcIna vizAlatA kA paricaya milatA hai vaha sahaja va svAbhAvika sAhitya ko prakAzita karane kI jJAnapITha kI abhinava hajanakI vatti kA paricaya isase bhI milatA hai ki yojanA ne yaha bhalI bhAti prakaTa kara diyA hai ki prAcIna sadA prAzAvAdI tathA prAdarzavAdI rahe hai| vyaktigata sAhitya va abhinava utkRSTa sAhitya kisI kSetra kA tathA sAmAjika saMgharSoM meM unakI bhUmikA usa netA kI va kisI bhI bhASA kA ho, cAhe vaha purAnA ho, cAhe nayA bhAMti rahI jo sadA apanI sadAzayatA se kSudratA ko prava ho, usame sAhityika sarjanA va pratibhA kA yadi koI bhI helanA kara udAratA ko prazasta karane vAlA ho| yahI mahatvapUrNa pAyAma lakSita hotA hai, to vaha jJAnapITha stara kAraNa hai ki jaina samAja ne unako mAnA va sarAhA aura ke anurUpa prakAzita ho sakatI hai / isa sasthA kA nirmANa unake netRtva ko sadA prApta karate rahane kI abhilASA karane me sva0 sAhU jI agraNI rahe hai aura isake saMcAlana prakaTa kii| kintu samAja kA durdaiva ! aise zrImAna, dhImAna, kA samasta zreya sva0 ramAdevI tathA zrI lakSmIcandra jaina ko niHsvArtha samAjasevI kA netatva adhika samaya taka nahI rahA hai / yaha kahane me koI saMkoca nahI hai ki bhAratIya mila skaa| niyati ke kAlacakra ne sadA-sadA ke lie saMskRti kI gaurava-garimA ko prakAzita karane meM bhAratIya unakA apaharaNa kara liyaa| jJAnapITha kA vilakSaNa sthAna rahA hai| hindI sAhitya yoM to sva0 sAha jI ke kIrtimAna ko prakaTa karane tathA itara bhASAmoM ke sAhityakAra isa saMsthA se apane ko ke lie eka bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana hI paryApta hai, gauravAnvita mAnate rahe hai| jisane na kevala sAskRtika prakAzanoM kA kIrtimAna sthA- isa choTe se lekha me sva0 sAha jI ke una zata-zata pita kiyA, varan vilupta hone vAlI aisI pANDulipiyo upakAroMkA smaraNa karanA sambhava nahI hai jo unhoMne vyaktiko bhI pustaka ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyaa| jo bhAratIyatA gata rUpa se tathA sAmAjika rUpa se vyakti tathA samAja ke kI akSuNNa dharohara hai aura jinase bhAratIya bhASAmoM kA nirmANa ke lie kie the| ina sabake atirikta mere mana vizAla bhaNDAra samada hamA hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza kI antachavi meM unakA vaha sarala, sahRdaya eva ujjvala paura hindI bhASA ke sAhitya ko abhinava, surucipUrNa tathA vyaktitva bAra-bAra pratibimbita lakSita hotA hai jo sAMskRtika stara ke anurUpa ramya eva bhavya rUpa meM prakAzita apane nirNaya me udAratA va svatantratA ko prakaTa karane kara jJAnapITha ne eka saMsthA ke rUpa meM jo kArya kiyA hai, vAlA hai / jo bhI eka bAra unake samparka meM pahuMcA hai vaha kaI saMsthAeM mila kara bhI sA kArya sambhavataH na kara (zeSa pRSTha 18 para)
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________________ puNyazloka preraNAprada vyaktitva DA. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura puNyaloka zraddhaya gAha zAni prasAda jI ke darzana kA evaM vizeSa rUpa me kaniSTha chatroM ke prati jo sneha aura prayama mupravasA vAgaNapI meM prAcyavidyA pammelana ke pAzIrvAda kI abhinI , yaha mere lie tathA anya zubhAnasara para jaina sAhitya sagoSThI ke zubha prAyojana ke chAtroM ke lie avismaraNIya hai| itane bar3e vyakti kA madhdha humaa| isase pahale mAja paurama.hitya ke kSetra meM samAja ke choTe choTe baccoM se milanA tathA isa prakAra unake dvArA kI gayI mevAno kI carcA aneka zrImAno, AtmIyatA pradarzita karanA anyatra durlabha hai| dhImAnoM aura mamAjaseviyo ke mUha se sunI thI, kintu bhAratavarSIya di. jaina pariSada ke svarNa jayantI adhi. mAkSAtkAra kA suanamara prApta nahIM huA thaa| prathama darzana vezana para zraddheya ratanalAla jI bijanaura ke sAtha koTA ke samaya unakI sAdagI, vinamratA mora samAja tathA dharma. jAne tathA adhivezana meM bhAga lene kA suavasara prApta gaMva kI utkaTa abhilASA ko dekhakara merA mana unake hayA / ukta pradhivezana ke pramukha nAyaka svargIya sAhU sA. prati dvA meM abhibhUta ho gyaa| usa dina ke apane hothe| pariSada ke sabhI gamAgana kAryakartApo kA jaba paribhagaNa ga mhAne pahA thA ki mAga kucha varSoM meM bhagavAna jaya diyA gayA aura mere parivaya kA jaba zrama prAyA to ke nirmANa kI 2500vI puNyatithi bhA rahI yA bIna meM hI uThakara dhaya bAra ratanalAla jI ne snahA. isa yipara mamAja ko vRhad prAyojana karanA cAhie tathA tireka ke kAraNa upagthina janapamadAya ke madhya merA parevagyAna-sthAna para bar3e samAroha ka sAtha utsava viTopa paricA diyA. ime sanakara sAha sA ne apanA kiA jAnA caahie| vaha samaya emA thA, jaba samAja gneha pradazita kiyA aura mere goSa prabandha, pacavarita prAra kavimA vyaktiyo kI dRSTi bhagavAna mahAvIra ke umage pratipAdita bhAratIya samkRti' ke viSaya meM aneka 5500ve nirvANa divama ko pAra nahIM thI, mAhU sA. ke jijJAmAyeM kI tathA unakA samAdhAna prApta kara apanA ukta vaktavya ke bAda sabase pahana samAja kA dhyAna isa satoSa pragaTa kiyA evaM ukta atha bhAratIya jJAnapITha sa para gayA aura bAda meM mamAja ne jima utsAha aura prakAzita karAne ke lie prerita kiyaa| pariSad ke sabhA mphati ke mAgha 25sauvA bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANa mahotsava kAryakramoM meM unhone bhAga liyA tathA nirantara apanA mArgamanAyA vaha kisI bhI anya samAja ke lie smRhA kI vastu darzana dete rhe| ho sakatA hai| isake mUla meM zraddhaya mAhU sA. kI preraNA apane se baDe vyaktiyo ke prati sAhU sA. ke mana meM aura dharmakArya ke prati zraddhA aura tatparatA hI thii| pramIma thadA thii| pariSad ne jaba apane kAryakartAmA kA eka bAra sAhU sA. bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke maMtrI zrI tAmrapatra pradAna kara hAdika svAgata kiyA, usa avasara para lakSmI candra jI ke sAtha syAvAda mahAvidyAlaya ke bhadainI- tAmrAtra pradAna karane kA kArya sarvaprathama sAhU jI ne ghATa sthita vArANasI ke jaina madira ke darzanArtha yAta hue mampanna kiyaa| sabase pahale unhone pariSad ke sasthApaka the| pAkara unhone zradeya paMDita kailAzacada jI ke viSaya mAmiddha svataMtratA mainAnI bAbU ratanalAla jI ke kara. me pUchA / kisI vidyArthI se jJAta humA ki sAha sA pAe kamalo me tAmrapatra bheMTa kiyA, tatpazcAt anya vyaktiyoM kI hae hai| yakAyaka mAha sA. ke bhAgamana kI bAta sunakara tAmrapatra bheMTa karane hetu bAba janatAla jI se nivedana kAno ko vizvAsa nahI humA / tatkAla hI unake darzanArtha kiyA / bAba jI ne unake nivedana ko pAra kiyA, gyaa| anya vidyArthI ke sAtha uname bAtacIta karane kA tatpazcAt sAre tAmrapatra bAbU ratanalAla jI ka karakamalo muavasara prApta huprA / anaupacArika rUpa se pUjya mAhU jI dvArA hI pariSada ke anya kAryakarnApro ko bhaMTa kie yae / ne pratyeka chAtra kA jima prakAra pariSara prApta kiyA tathA sAhitya aura saskRti mamannaya hetu mahU jI sanana chAtroM kI samasyAno ke nirAkaraNa hetu aneka sujhAva die prayatnazIla rhe| bhAratIya jJAnapITha, syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya,
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________________ 18 varSa 31, ki0 3-4 vArANasI, prAkRta tathA ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI, pasana hai / sAhU jI ne samAja meM muktahasta se dAna diyaa| sAha jaina kAleja, najIba bAda, mUrti devI kanyA iNTara unakI udAratA kA lAbha uThAkara logo ne kucha aise kAlaja, najIbAbAda, mUrtidevI sarasvatI iTara kAleja, sthAno ke lie bhI unasa dhana prApta kara liyA jahA dhana najIbAbAda, bhAratavarSIya di. jaina pariSad, digambara jaina kI AvazyakatA nahIM thii| eka bAra parama pUjya 105 mahAsamiti, sarAkoddhAra samiti, di jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, kSullaka gaNeza prasAda jI varNI ne sAhU sAhaba ko eka vIra saMvA bhAMdara, dehalI, jaina vidyA tathA prAkRta vibhAga, iloka likhakara diyA thA, jisakA bhAva yaha thAmasUra vizvavidyAlaya, maMsUra, di. jaina pranAtha rakSaka sosA- "he vArida ! tuma sthala meM bhI barasate ho, jala me yaTI dillI, bhA. di. jaina vidvat pariSad, samAja ke bhI barasate ho, pahAr3o para bhI barasate ho, himazilAmo pramukha tIrthakSetra tathA anyAya saikar3oM sAmAjika dhArmika para bhI barasate ho| tumheM kahAM barasanA cAhie, isakA saMsthAyeM unakA varada hasta pAkara phalI phalI aura uname bodha nhiiN|" pUjya varNI jI se preraNA pAkara ve yogya sthAna para apUrva utmAha kA sacAra humaa| prAyaH dhanI vyaktiyo ke viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki ghana kA sadupayoga karane meM saceSTa rhe| jIvana kI sadhyA meM dhana aura bhoga ke prati unake mana meM nirAsakti kI dhana kI vRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha unakI lobhavRtti bhI bar3hatI jAtI hai| mAnanIya sAhU zAnti prasAda jI isake apavAda bhAvanA utpanna ho gaI thI aura unhone hastinApura meM raha kara maM sAdhana karane kI apanI hAdika abhilASA vyakta the| dhana ke sAtha-sAtha unakI udAratA bhI vRddhiMgata hotI kI thii| kAla durati krama hai, sAhU jI kI ukta bhAvanA gyii| dhana vattA aura udAratA kA maNi kAJcana sayoga unake mana meM hI raha gaI aura prasamaya meM unhona apanA unake jIvana me thaa| eka bAra pUjya paM. kailAzacandra jI dehatyAga kara diyaa| yadyapi ve svargastha ho gae, kintu se carcA karate samaya unhoMne kahA thA ki adhikAdhika unakA yazasvI jIvana yugoM-yugo take samAja ko preraNAdAyI dhana kamAne aura usa pacche kAmo meM vyaya karane kA unheM rhegaa| jaina mannira ke pAsa, bijanaura (uttara pradeza) 400 (pRSTha 13 kA zeSAMza) unakI saralatA se abhibhUta hue binA nahI rahA hai| dAna dene lie utsuka bane rhe| una jaimI jJAna ke prati lalaka vAlo aura dhana kharca karane vAloM kI samAja va deza meM kabhI vAstava meM aMSThijanoM meM lakSita nahIM hotii| lagatA hai ki nahIM hai, kintu sarasvatI va sarasvatI ke varada putro ke pAda- jIvana kA sAra ve pahacAna gae the, vartamAna paristhiti meM padamoM meM kamalAkara lakSmI ko nyochAvara kara apanI tathA sagharSa kI bhUmikAnoM ko mAra cuke the, kevala zuddha zrI zobhA ko sArthaka banAne kA guNa vAstava meM sva. jJAnAmata kA pAna karanA hI aziSTa rahA thA, jise zAntiprasAra jI me hI thaa| pAna karane ke lie unakA udyama jAgRta ho gayA thaa| uname eka guNa paura thaa| ve sunate saba kI the para kAza ! ve prAja kI paristhitiyoM meM hote / isa adhyAtma nirNaya unakA apanA hotA thaa| sabhI santa mahAtmApro ke yuga kI sarasa dhArA se unakA ananya sambandha pragAr3hatA pAma ve binA kimI hicaka ke pahuMca jAna the| pUjya varNI ko prApta honA to vaha unake lie bhI aura hamAre lie jI ke ananya saMskAroM se prabhAvita hokara hI ve kisI bhI zreyaskara hotaa| parantu kAla para kisI kA vaza nhii| bhI prabhAva kA apano sumati-niSkarSa para ka se binA grahaNa hama kevala bhAvanA hI bhA sakate hai| aura isAlae yaha karane ke lie taiyAra nahI hote the| kevala satsAhitya se bhI kaha sakate hai ki bhale hI prAja hamAre bIca sAha nahIM, vidvajjano ke prati unake mana meM pragAdha anurAga zAnti prasAda jI sadeha rUpa se na ho, para unake anaginata va zraddhA kA bhAva thaa| vItarAga vijJAna vANI se hI laukika kArya bhalI bhAti pukAru kara yaha kaha rahe hai ki ve use zAnti kA ganubhava hotA thaa| ap| antima samaya majara hai, amara haiM 1000 243, zikSaka kAlonI, taka ve use eka sacce zrotA kI bhoti zravaNa karane ke nImaca (madhyapradeza)
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________________ mAdhunika bhAmAzAha vidyAvAridhi DA. mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA, malogaDha jisa prakAra vANI caritra kI pratidhvani hotI hai, usI tIya sAMskRtika sampadA ko surakSita rakhane ko prati prakAra vyakti ke kriyA-kalApa usake vyaktitva ke paricA. kA paricAyaka hai| yaka haprA karate hai| sAijI manasA, vAcA aura karmaNA zuddha unake dvArA bhAratIya jana samAja garvita hai paura mahU jI the / sAkAra prananvaya pralaMkAra / gauravAnvita hai janetara samAja / rASTrIya bhAvanA koI dina-dinAMka ThIka se smaraNa nahIM. parantu pareDa grAuDa unase sIkhatA, ve vizuddha rASTravAdI the| ve mAtra mAnava dillI me jaina mitra maMDala ke tatvAvadhAna meM pAyojita hI nahI the apitu mAnavatA ke sacce samarthaka bhI the / thaa| mahAvIra jayatI mahotsava ke avasara para zrI sata sAhU rASTrIya sakaTakAla meM unhone udAratApUrvaka prAdhika jo usa vizAla sabhA ke sammAnanIya sabhApati the aura sahayoga dene vAlo meM apanA sthAna surakSita rkhaa| ve anya paneka vaktAmoM kI bhAti majhe bhI prAmantrita kiyA para bIsa vastuta mAdhunika bhAmAzAha the| mayA thaa| paitAlIsa minaTa unhoMne mujhe pUrI tanma paccIsasaudeM bha. mahAvIra nirvANa mahotsava meM unhoMne yatA ke thAtha sunA thA bhora taba mujhe mahasUsa hA ki sampUrNa bhAratIya jaina bandhuSoM ko eka saMgaThana meM vyavave pravacana sunakara prAnandita hue the| unhone sAghavAda sthita kiyA / zvetAmbara pora digambara sampradAyoM ko ekadete hae merI pITha para apanA varadahasta rakhA hA kadAcina sUtra madhine kA zreya sAha jI kA milA thaa| ye sAmyaunase merA yaha prathama nikaTatama samparka thaa| ve dhArmika vAdI dRSTikoNa ke unnAyaka the| the aura dharma ke marma ko sAmAjika zailI meM vyakta karane jaina parivAra ke agaNita honahAra yuvakako vejoDa kSamatA rakhate the| yuvatiyo ne ucca zikSA prApta kara samAja, samudAya vizAla bhArata kA praudyogika utkarSa dazAbdiyoM paryanta aura deza pradeza ko gauravAnvita kiyA hai| unake dvArA kala tA meM samalaMkRta rahA aura sAhU jI kA vahA~ apanA deza ke aneka sAhityakAra nigakula hue hai| deza ko patra. sthAna thaa| unake dvArA aneka praudyogika pratiSThAno kAritA ke unnayana meM sAhU jI kA sahayAga sarva yA ulle kI sthApanA huii| phalasvarUpa ve svayaM bane aura khanIya rahA hai| isa prakAra, sAhU jI kI sAmAjika, deza kA banAne ke nikhita nimitta bane / unhoMne rASTrIya tathA dhArmika sevAbho pe mArA samudAya aura mamAna sAhityika kSetra meM 7 advitIya udyoga kiyaa| bhAratIya ukRta rhegaa| jJAnapITha prakazA ima dRSTi se prakAzana pratiSThAno me prAja zArIrika rUpa meM sAha jI vAhe hamAre bIca meM ullekhanIya hai| bhArata kA nobula puraskAra --bhAratIya uTha gae ho kintu ve pAne kAma kAja ma, nI / napupa ye, jJAnapITha pukAra sAhU jI kI bena nIra preraNA hai| dharma-karma se prAja ho nahI prana pagniyo taka baiThe rhege| bhAratIya mAmAnika mAskRtika tathA dhArmika nirmANa yoja. unakI sevAye unakA zAzvata smAraka bana gaI hai| unakI nAmo kI pAdhA naktiyoM meM sAhU jI kI sahayogI bhUmikA mAmAjika sevApoM ne manmArga kA mAhala myona sthApita kiga ullekhanIya rahI hai / tIrthodvAra, jina maMdiroM kI saMraca. hai / mAhU jI sAdhAraNata. masAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke mahApuruSa nAe, vidyA-kendroM kI sthApanA mAno sAhU jI kI bhAra- the, mahAna the| un
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________________ sarasvatI ke parama upAsaka DA. kastUra cada kAsalIvAla, jayapura sAha zAntiprasAda jI jaina deza aura samAja ke una bheMTa haI thii| dehalI meM bhI unho ne pradarzanI ke prAyojana zreSThirano me se the jinakI sevAyeM madA avismaraNIya ma pUrI ruci lI thI tathA vahAM pradarzita pratyeka vastu kA rahegI tathA jinakA nAma bhaviSya me udAharaNa ke rUpa meM unhoMne bArIkI se adhyayana kiyA thaa| unhoMne usa samaya liyA jAtA rhegaa| sAhU jI samAja ke gaurava the| jayapura ke prAcIna bhaktAmara stotra ko sacitra pANDulipi unake prAzraya me samasta jaina samAja nizcinta thA / ve ko apanI ora se chapAne kA prastAva rakhA thA, lekina eka mahAna vyakti the jinake hRdaya meM samAja kA darda chipA jayapura ke mandira ke vyavasthApako ne use svIkAra nahI hamA thaa| isalie sAhityika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika kiyA aura vaha bahumUlya grantha prakAzita hone se raha gyaa| sabhI gatividhiyoM ke vikAsa me unakA varada hasta rahatA jayapUra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 25sauvI nirvANa thaa| samAja me unakI upasthiti hI kAryakartAmo me mahotsava kI mITiMga meM samminita hone ke lie ve kitanI utsAha paidA karane ke lie paryApta mAnI jAtI thii| hI bAra pAe / jayapura me unakA antima prAgamana unako sAha jI samasta di0 jaina samAja ke ekamAtra pratinidhi mRtyu ke kucha hI samaya pahile humA thaa| ve bhAdrapada mAsa the, isalie jisa bhI utsava, mele evaM kAryakrama meM sAhU me bApU nagara ke pArzvanAtha jaina maNDala dvArA prAyojita jI sammilita ho gaye to aisA mAnA jAtA thA ki mAno yuvA sammelana meM kucha samaya ke lie pAe the aura yuvako usako pUre samAja kA hI jaise samarthana mila gayA ho| ko mAmAjika sevA me jaTa jAne kI preraNA de gae the| sAha zAntiprasAda jI ne samasta jaina samAja para 30. vaha sambhavataH unakA antima sadeza thaa| 40 varSoM taka ekachatra zAsana kiyaa| unhoMne samAja sAha jI ko sAhitya se kitanA pyAra thA, usake ko naI dizA pradatta kI, kArya karane kI zakti dI tathA prakAzana me unakI kitanI ruci ghI, isakA pratyakSa saMkaTa ke samaya usakA jima prakAra sAtha diyA vaha saba udAharaNa unakA bhAratIya jJAnapITha jaise sasthA kA itihAsa kI prAja amUlya dharohara ho gayI hai| unake sacAlana hai| unhone sekaDo jaina granyo ke uddhAra kA nidhana se samAja ne vAstava meM apanA bahumUlya ratna kho mahAna puNya prarjana kiyaa| ve jIvana bhara jinavANI ke diyA hai jisakI pati nikaTa bhaviSya me sambhava nahI prakAzana eva usake pracAra ke pramAra prati samarpita rhe| lgtii| yadi sAmAjika itihAsa ke paSThoM ko kholakara vAstava me gata saikar3oM vaSo me una jaimA jinavANI kA dekhA jAe to hameM mAlUma paDegA ki aisA udAra hRdaya pracArako tayAra samAja sevI vyaktitva saikar3oM varSoM meM nahIM humA / unhone bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke mAdhyama se hI sAhitya sAha jI se merI prathama bheTa kalakattA mahAnagarI meM sevA nahI kI. kintu sanya prakAzana sasthAyo ko umhone belagaciupA me pAgojita jaina sAhitya eva kalA pradarzanI khaba Azika sahAyatA dii| vIra saMvA mandira dvArA meM koI 28.30 varSa pUrva huI thii| usa mamaya unhon| prakAzita jaina lakSaNAvalI ke prakAzana meM bhI unakA jima tanmayatA meM jaina granthoM meM ruci lI thI tathA apane paryApta prAthika yogadAna rahA / maiMne svaya ne samasta hindI bhASaNa meM unake mahatva para prakAza DAlA thA, usase mere sAhitya ke prakAzana ke lie jayapura meM zrI mahAvIra mana para gaharI chApa paTI thii| usake pazcAt vaizAlI meM prantha prakAdamI kI sthApanA kI tathA usakI yojanA evaM mAyojita eka vRhad jaina pradarzanI ke avasara para unase . (zeSa pRSTha 24 pr)|
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________________ mahAna karmayogI kI jIvana-sAdhanA D0 paramAnanda zAstrI, billI sAha zAnti prasAda jI kA janma najIbAbAda ke prati kI pora unamA pAkarSaNa thaa| SThina sAhU pAne me san 1912 meM hupA thaa| inake zAnti prasAda kA vivAha DAlamiyA kI yaputrI ramA pitAmaha kA nAma sAhU salekacanda aura pitA kA nAma jI ke gAya sampanna hapA / ramArAnI viduSI, kartavyArAdIvAnacanda thA aura mAtA kA nAma mUti devI ya / yaNa, vyavahAra me catUra paura paropakAranirata mahilA ghoN| sAha salekacanda apane samaya ke zrIsampanna aura pratiSThita vesAha jI ke kAmoM meM prAnA sahayoga pradAna karatI thii| vyaktitva vAle puruSa the| unake yaza aura kIti ko accho bhAratIya jJAnapITha ko sthApavA kAla san 1944 se hI ve khyAti thI / eka bAra jo unake samparka meM prA gayA, vaha usakI adhyakSa thii| unhoMne apane antima samaya taka una se prabhAvita hae binA nahIM rahA / pitA dIvAna canda / apanA mAtRsneha diyA aura apanI preraNA se use isa saumya prakRti aura zAlIna svabhAva ke the| samAja meM yogya banAyA jisame ki vaha sthAyI sAma jika-sAskRtika unakI pratiSThA aura sammAna thA aura mAtA zrImatI mahatva ke kAryadAyitvoM ko uThA ske| ina dAyitvoM ke mUti devI pratyanta sarala svabhAvI aura dhArmika prakRti kI antargata jahAM eka pora bhAratIya vicAra-darzana kI upe. mahilA thiiN| ve aimI sahRdayA aura lakSmI svarUra thIki kSita nidhiyoM kA anusaMdhAna, prakAzana pora pASunika bhAra. unhoMne dUsaroM kI cintA ko bhI apanI banA liyA thaa| tIya bhASAnoM meM maulika sAhitya sRjana ke kArya haiN| vahIM ve eka suyogya mAtA thI / unhoMne zAnti prasAda ko yogya damarI mora bhAratIya bhASAmoM kI sarvotkRSTa kRti para eka banane ke sabhI sAdhana sulabha kara die tAki bhaviSya me ve lAkha rupaye kI puraskAra yojanA, tathA prAcIna sthApatya evaM saphnI cintAmoM ko svayaM vahana kara skeN| kalAnI kI sayojanA bhI hai| zAnti prasAda jaina kI prArambhika zikSA najIbAbAda sAha jI me modyogika kAryoM ko sampanna karane kI meM huii| tatpazcAt unhoMne banArasa vizvavidyAlaya aura bahana bar3I ruci aura kSamatA thii| buddhi kuzAgra tho, prata. prAgarA vizvavidyAlaya meM adhyayana kiyA / ina mahA- evaM unhone udyogoM aura vyavasAyoM ke sambandha me apanI vidyAlayo meM unakA samUcA vidyArthI jIvana prathama zreNI gaveSaNA aura pradhyayana zurU kara diyaa| deza ke udyogakA rahA / sAhU zAMti pramAda ne mAtra jJAnArjana kI dRSTi vyavamAyoM me abhivRddhi pora saMcAlana praNAlI me naye meM se hI pradhyayana nahIM kiyA, pratyuta anya dRSTiyoM se bhii| naye prAvidhika ru kA samAveza ho sake, isake lie uname ve ve sabhI guNa aura sadvattiyAM thI, jo mAtA-pitA unhoMne una paddhatiyo kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kiyA tathA aura apane pUrva puruSoM ke rUpa meM unheM prApta huI thii| vividha kSetro meM maveSaNAyeM praaii| sAhU jI ne apane uhaunhoMne prAgarA vizvavidyAlaya se bI. esa.sI. kI parIkSA iyoM kI pU ko dRSTi-lA meM rakhate hue prAva. 'prathama zreNI meM pAsa kii| unakA vidyArthI jIvana prAne zyakatA ke anurUpa mahatvapUrNa sthAno me svaya paribhrapaNa sahapAThiyoM se kucha bhinna thA, hRdaya kAmana aura prakRti kiyA / sabama pahale san 1936 maDaca IsTa iNDIja ge| udAra thii| kSayopazama viziSTa thA, ataeva jo bhI sana 1985 me prAsTreliyA tathA san 1954 me soviyata madhyayana kiyA, usame unakI yogyatA kI jhalaka spaSTa rUsa ge| ya tInI yAtrAe unhona bhAratIya praudyAgi dikhAI detI thii| madhyayanakAla meM udyoga aura vyavasAya pratinidhi ke rUpa meM kI thI, jo pariNAma ko dRSTi se
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________________ 22, 31, ki0.4 anekAnta pratyanta mahatvapUrNa mAnI jAtI haiN| usake bAda unhoMne aMgrejI, marAThI aura gujarAtI ke dainika patra aura sAvadhika briTena, amerikA, jarmanI tathA anya yoropIya dezoM meM bhI patra pora patrikAe, tathA sAhityika, sAMskRtika aura zoSaparibhramaNa kiyA aura usase jo anubhava prApta kiyA, una pUrNa prakAzana unake mahatvapUrNa kArya haiN| upalabdhiyoM ke samAvezana dvArA sAhU jaina udyoga ko sAhU jI vigata varSoM meM deza ko vibhinna zIrSa vyavaadhikAdhika samRddha bnaayaa| isase jahAM sAhU udyoga me sAya saMsthAnoM ke adhyakSa rahe haiN| inameM pramukha haiM pheDarezana viziSTatA pAI, vahAM sAha jI kA vyaktitva ujAgara hmaa| mApha iNDiyana cembasaM mApha kAmarsa e NasTrI, unake vyaktitva kI sabase bar3I mahattA vinamratA thii| jisa iNDiyana cembarsa mApha kAmarsa, iNDiyana zugara milsa eso. taraha ke vyApArAdi meM bhAge bar3ha umI taraha unakA vyakti siezana, vihAra cembarsa mApha kAmarsa eNDa iNasTrI, sva bhI pratibhAzAlI hotA gyaa| rAjasthAna camvasaM ghApha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI tathA IsTanaM yU. vyaktitva pI. cembasa pApha ka pasaM eNDa iNDasTrI / unakI gaNanA bhArata ke mahAna praudyogika cAra varSa taka lagAtAra grApa prAla iNDiyA prA. paura pratiSThita parivAroM meM kI jAne lgii| itanA hI nahIM nAijezana mApha iNDasTriyala emplAyarsa ke bhI adhyakSa yaha kinta unakI udAratA, saujanya paura kartavyaniSThA aura isI avadhi meM jaba bhAratIya zrama vyavasthA sambandhI ne vyaktitva kI mahattA meM cAra cAMda lagA diye / jisa niyama bane, taba pApane apane udyoga dhanvoM kA rika sahajatA ke sAtha praudyogika aura pavasAyika kSetro me dRSTikoNa upasthita kiyaa| sAhajI ne jo saphalatA prApta kI, vaha unakI svabhAva- sAmAjika jIvana gata pratibhA, sUjha-bUjha, saMgaThana kSamatA paura adhyavasAya prapanI viziSTa pratibhA sampannatA tathA vyApaka kI sammilita dena hai| unakA pratibhAzAlI vyaktitva, anubhava ke kAraNa sAhUjI deza ke udyoga evaM vyavasAya varga kAryadakSatA, viveka paTutA, sAhasa aura grAvAya unakI dvArA aneka avasaroM para sammAnita kie ge| svargIya isa kArya praNAlI meM sahAyaka the| udyoga dhanyoM ko paM. javAhara lAla neharU ne deza kI praudyogika pragati kI sthApanA kuzala netRtva ke binA nahIM ho sktii| deza pe vaijJAnika parikalpanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie jo aneka udyogo ke vikAsa me unakA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna prathama rASTrIya samiti gaThita kI, usame deza ke taruNa maudyogika varga kA pratinidhitva karane ke lie pApako jahAM uname bhAratIya dharma, darzana, saMskRti, itihAsa upakA savasya banAyA thaa| paura purAtattva ke adhyayana ke prati prAntarika ruci thI, ina saba kAryoM pora vyavasAya meM saMlagna hote hue bhI unake dhArmika vicAra kAkI dava paura gahare the| unake unheM jaina dharma aura saMskRti se gaharA prema thaa| ve jaina mAthika evaM vyAvasAyika samasyAgro ke sulabha samAdhAna dharma ke prati pragAr3ha zraddhAlu aura dayAlu the| jaina dharma kA khoja nikAlane kI kSamatA bhI thii| mahatva unakI raga-raga me samAyA huaA thA / udyogapati aura sAha zAnti pramAda jI sahU~ jaina udyogoM ke banI hote haiN| bhI unameM abhimAna nahIM thaa| ve kabhI pradhiSThAtA the pora deza ke mahAna udyogapatiyoM ko prathama dUmaroM ko nIcA dikhAne kI dRSTi se koI kArya nahIM zreNI meM the| unake kuzana va vyApaka nirdezana ke pari. karate the / jahAM unakA vyaktitva mahAna thA. vahAM unakA NAmasvarUpa sAha jaina udyoga varga atyanta muniyAjita kRtitva bhI kama mahatvapUrNa nahI thaa| ve zrAvaka dharma kA rUpa me saMgaThita hai| uname kAgaja, cInI, vanaspati, sImeMTa, yathAzakti pAlana karate the| unake hama dharmAnurAga ke kAraNa esavesTama proDakTama, pATa nipilavastra, bhArI rasAyana, hI jaina samAja ne unheM zrAvakaziromaNi kI upAlise nAiTrojana khAda, pa vara malkohala, plAIvara, koyale kI laMkRta kiyA thaa| khAne, lAiTa relave va ijIniyariMga vasa mAte hai / hindI, sAha sAhaba ne apane jIvana meM jo dhArmika, sAMsati
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________________ mahAn karmayogI kI bIvana-sAdhanA maura loka hitakArI Thosa kArya sampanna kie haiN| unheM (bihAra meM) risarca iMsTiTyUTa pApha prAkRta jainAlonI maura dekhate hue aisA lagatA hai ki sAha jI ne jaina saskRti ko mahisA zodha saMsthAna bilDiga ke nirmANa ke lie pAMca lAkha pacAsa hajAra rupaye kI rAzi anudAna svarUpa dI gii| isa UMcA uThAne ke lie vividha saMsthApo kA nirmANa aura / sasthA kA saca lana vihAra sarakAra kI bhora se ho unake saMcAlana ke rUpa me bhArI yogadAna diyA hai aura apanI udAratA evaM saujanya se unakI saMcAlana vyavasthA me isI TrasTa dvArA devagaDha, gairA, mAhAra, vAnapura, abhAva ke kAraNa zipinatA nahI mAne dii| usa samaya pacarAI, droNagiri, ayodhyA, khajurAho aura cittaur3agar3ha jo bhI sasthAdhikArI unake pAsa pahuMcA, vaha kabhI khAlI prAdi sthAnoM ke madiroM aura tIrtha sthAnoM kA jINoM hAtha nahI lauttaa| unhoMne unakI tatkAla arthapUrti kii| dvAra kiyA gayA aura devagar3a me samahAlaya kI bhI ve samAja ke ghAmika evaM sAskRtika utsavo pIra sAmAjika sthApanA kI gii| goSThiyo me rasa lene lage / ve kaI sasthAnoM ke adhyakSa pora do lAkhaka yo kA anudAna maMsUra vizvavidyAlaya ko maMtrI cune ge| samAja meM unakI mahatI pratiSThA baDhI prAkRta parizIlana poTha kI sthApanA ke lie pradAna kiyA maura unake kRtitva kI mahattA jaina samAja ma chA gii| gayA / svargIya DA. e. ena. pAdhye ne pITha para sabase pahale unhone jaina tIrthoM kI mahatI sevA kI aura apana grAsa grahaNa kiyaa| vyaktitva ke anusAra unake mamuddhAra meM apanA yogadAna inake atirikta, do iNTaramIDieTa kAleja diyaa| unhoMne tIrtha kSetra kameTI kA vyavasthita kraayaa| ve najIbAbAda me bole gae aura canAye jAte haiN| samAja saMgaThana kI aAvazyakatA ko bhI mahasUsa karate the| unake dvArA samthApita anya sasthAe hai : mUrtidevI jaba madhyapradeza mAdi meM prAcIna jaina kalAtmaka kanyA vidyAlaya, najIbAbAda, zAnti pramAda na kAjeja, mUtiyo ke taskara giroho dvArA purAtAttvika bahumUlya sAsArAma (bihAra) yA ragAganI jaina bAlikA vidyAlaya, sAmagrI videzo me becakara arthAjana kiyA jAna lagA taba DeharI prona-mona, bihAra, azoka kumAra jaina hAI skUla, isase jaina samAja meM kSobha bar3ha gayA pora samAja ke darIhATa (bihAra); rAjendra chAtra bhavana, kalakattA; govinda dhArmika puruSo aura sAhU jo ko isase bar3A veda aura dukha ballabha pata chAtrabhavana, kalakattA; zrI digambara jaina hamA / pariNAmasvarUpa usake sarakSaNa kA bhI vicAra kiyA vidyAlaya, kalakattA; zrI digambara bAlikA vidyAlaya, gyaa| mAhU jI ne isa sambandha me yaha nazcaya kiyA ki kalakattA; mA vADI rilIpha sosAyaTI haspatAla, kalakattA isake lie eka TrasTa kI sthApanA kI jaay| prataeva ahiMsA pracAra samiti, kalakattA; vIra sevA madira, dillI: unhoMme san 1951 me eka TrasTa kI sthApanA kI, jisakA gaNeza varNI saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, mAgara, syAvAda mahAuddezya sAskRtika sasthAmo ko protsAhana denA, prAcIna vidyAlaya banArasa / mandiroM aura tIrthoM kA jINodvAra karanA, deza meM sarvA- bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke atiriktapanya damTo kI bhI unhone gINa sagrahAlaya sthApita karanA praura vidyAthiyo ko sthApanA kI hai| inameM pramukha hai sAha jaina dRsTora sAha prArambhika zreNI se lekara vizvavidyAlaya ke stara taka jaina caMriTebala sosAiTI / bhAratIya jJAnapITha, eka mahatvapUrNa zikSA kArya me prAdhika sahayoga pradAna karanA hai| sAhitya prakAzaka sasthA hai, jisake dvAraH prAkRta, saMskRta isa TrasTa dvArA pichale kucha varSoM meM deza ke vibhinna prajI, kannar3a prAdi bhASAmo me vipula sAhitya prakAzikSA kendro ke 5600 vidyArthiyoM ko satraha lAkha teIsa zita kiyA jA rahA hai| isame anya kaI prathamAlAe hajAra rupaye kI sahAyatA dI gaI aura videzoM meM zikSA hai jiname hindI sAhitya prAdi kA prakAzana hotA hai| aMna karane vAle 75 snAtakoM ko do lAkha kI sahAyatA isakI sabase bar3I mahattA vividha bhASAmo kI sarvotkRSTa rAzi atirikta dI gii| racanAmoM para prati varSa eka lAkha rupaye kA puraskAra vitaraNa isI TrasTa dvArA mahAvIra kI janma sthalI vaizAlI me hai| aba taka 12 puraskAra diye jA cuke hai / mANika banda
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________________ 25, 31, ki04 graMthamAlA se bhI kaI grantha prakAzita kie gae haiN| cAhate the, yadyapi ve use pUrA nahI kara pAe / tadapi parva 2500vA nirvANa mahotsava samAja kA kartavya hai ki vaha apane dAyitva ko samajhakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500 veM nirvANa mahotsava mahAsamiti ke kArya ko prAga bar3hAne kA prayatna kre| me sAha zAnti prasAda jI ne kAryAdhyakSa hokara jo Upara dikhalAe gae dhAmika aura sAMskRtika Thosa mahatvapUrNa kArya kiyA vaha madvitIya hai| prApane use gati kAryoM me sa ha jI kA jo sahyoga milA, vaha anukaraNIya pradAna karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unake siddhAnto hai| ina Thosa kAryo me dravya vinimaya kara ve sacce arthoM ko ghara-ghara meM pahuMcAne kA prayatna kiyA hai pora dharmacakra me dAnavIra hai| vibhinna kAryakramo, yojanAmo me unakA dvArA sAre bhAratavarSa meM unakI vANI aura carita ko cintana evaM netRtva dvArA jo viziSTa dizAdAra sAha pahaMcAne kA anukrama anUThA thA / dino me jo usakA sAhaba ne diyA hai vaha cirasmaraNIya rhegaa| vigaTa jalUma nikanA baha pradarzanogya ko AkarSaNa ko antima kSaNoM meM sAhU jI ke pariNAma itane nirmala basta thA / isakA pramukha zreya sAhUzAli prasAda jI ko hai ho gae the ki unhona prapana putra prazoka kumAra jaina se dillI jaina samAja aura akhina bhAratIya jaina samAja icchA vyakta kI thI ki vaha svastha hone ke upani ko hai| bhUtapUrva pradhAna mantrI zrImatI indirA gAnI ke hastinApura meM muni zrI zAntimAgara jI ke nirdeza meM saujanya se sarakAra se bhI pUrNa sahayoga minA, isake lie zeSa jIvana vyatIna kareMge tathA mahArAja zrI jaba jamI sabhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra hai| ucita samajhege, de dege| digambara jaina samAja meM saMgaThana aura ekatA banI imame spaSTa hai ki sAhU jI kI dhArmika bhAvanA rahe tathA samanvaya kI bhAvanA ko bala mile, isake lie antima samaya taka sajIva rahI hai| yadyapi yahA unakA sAhU jI ne mahAmamiti kA nirmANa kigaa| sautika zarIra aba nahI hai| kintu mahatvapUrNa kAryoM meM ve mahAsamiti kI sthApanA dvArA jo kArya va niSpanna karanA amara hai| 0 .0 (pRSTha 20 kA zeSAMza) niyama jaba sAhU jI ko bheje pora unase tarathA kA saMra- deza kA ekabAra hI nahIM, kitanI hI bAra daurA kiyA kSaka banane ke lie nivedana kiyA to unhone sAhitya tathA garIba sa lekara pragIra taka me jana sevA ke bhAva-bhare prakAzana kI yojanA kI prazA karate hue tatkAla umakA vaha saba unake mahAn vyaktitva kA paricAyaka hai / jayapura saMrakSaka bananA svIkAra kara liyaa| imalie patA nahI me prAyojita eka sabhA meM ve isane dravIbhUta ho gaye ki unhoMne kitanI prakAzana saMsthAnoM ko jaina sAhitya ke sArI sabhA ke hI prAsU baha nikale the| pracAra prasAra meM yoga diyA thaa| sAha jI purAtatva ke premI the prAcIna maMdiroM ke jaina sAhitya evaM jaina samAja kI sevA ke lie jIrNoddhAra me unhoMne vizeSa ruci lii| dakSiNa bhArata unake hRdaya meM gahare bhAva the| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI eva bundelakhaNDa ke kitane hI mandiroM kA unhone jINoM25..vIM nirvANa zatAbdI mahotsava kA jisa kuzalatA dvAra karavA kara mandiroM kI kalA eva sampatti ko naSTa evaM sajagatA se sacAlana kiyA tathA samasta jaina samAja ko hone se bacA liyaa| ekasUtra meM bAMdhane kA jo prazasanIya kArya kiyA vaha sAhU jI sAhU jI ke kAryoM kA varNana karane ke lie kisI jaise vyakti ke lie hI sambhava yA paura vaha saba unakI eka bar3e grantha kI pAvazyakatA hai, jisameM unake janma se varSoM kI sAdhanA kA phala thaa| svAsthya kharAba hone evaM lekara mRtyu paryanta unake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para sAMgodharmapatnI zrImatI ramA jI kA viyoga hone para bhI unhoMne pAMga varNana rahe / tabhI jAkara hama unake pUre kAryo sesamAja jisa prasAdhAraNa sAhasa evaM sUjhabUjha se kAma liyA, sAre ko evaM mAge mAne vAlI pIr3hI ko paricita karA skeNge| 000
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________________ yazasvI sarasvatI putra zrImatI jayavantI devI jaina, naI dillI sa jAto yena jAtena, yAti vaMzaH samunnatim / ghanya hai usa mAM ko, jisane aise yazasvI sarasvatI parivartini saMsAre, mRtaH ko'vA na jAyate // yoM to sasAra meM hajAroM jIva janma lete haiM tathA maraNa jJAna ko bhAgIrathI ko bahAne, paura prajJAna ke andhakAra karate haiM lekina jInA unhIM kA saphala hai jo apanA jIvana ko naSTa karane ke lie sAha jI ne 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' kI samAja sevA meM lagA dete haiM tathA apane kAryoM dvArA mara- sthApanA kii| unakI svanAmadhanya patnI sva. zrImatI kara bhI jIvita rahate hai| ramA jaina ne isa bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI adhyakSA ke rUpa meM sAha jI kI jIvanI tyAga aura paropakAra kI jotI. sAhajI ke yaza ko pamara kiyaa| deza-videza kA sampUrNa jAgatI misAla hai| sAhU jI kahA karate the ki deza ke vAGmaya jJAnapITha ke dvArA mAdara evaM pratiSThA kA pAtra ina choTe-choTe baccoM meM mahAvIra, buddha, gAMdhI aura javAhara bnaayaa| vidyamAna hai| isalie sAha jI ne deza ke sAdhanahIna chAtroM zreSTha bAvaka :prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki vipula dhanarAzi kI sahAyatA hetu "sAhU jaina TrasTa" sthApita kiyaa| kyaa| manuSya ko madAMdha banA detI hai kintu sAhU jI isake apapraba taka hamAro chAtra isa TrasTa se lAbhAnvita hokara tathA vAda the| zrAvaka ke SaTa kartavyoM ke pAlana meM unakI ruci apanI zikSA pUrI kara pratiSThita pado para prAsIna hai| thii| unakA vinamra svabhAva, nizchala vyavahAra, gurubhakti, medhAvI chAtro ko videzoM meM vidyAdhyayana hetu prAthika svadAra saMtoSa vrata, mamAja prema evaM prabhISaNa jJAnAnurAga sahAyatA dekara saikar3o chAtra iMjIniyara, DAkTara banakara mAM unake yaza:kAya ko amaratva pradAna karatA hai| bhAratI kI sevA kara rahe haiN| apanI prazaMsA sunakara sAha jI natamastaka ho jAte eka bAra DA. e. ena. upAdhye ne zrI di0 jaina the| mahArAja vidyAnanda jI kI upasthiti meM apane 60veM lAla madira me prAyojita eka sabhA me ThIka hI kahA thA ki janma divasa samAroha ke avasara para apanI prazaMsA sunakara "sAhajI ne vipula dhanarAzi ajita karane meM jitanI sAva. sAhajI rone lge| upasthita samAja ko sambodhita karate dhAnI baratI hai, utanI hI sAvadhAnI usake sadupayoga meM hae ve bole ki "jayantI to una mahApuruSoM kI manAte hai kI hai|" sAhajI dhana ke sadupayoga me jJAna pracAra ko jinakA pUnaH janma nahIM hogaa| mujhe tosasAracakra meM bhramaNa prAthamikatA dete the| isIlie unhoMne deza kI saikar3oM karanA hai| vidyAnanda mahArAja ne jo kucha mere viSaya me zikSA saMsthAnoM ko vipula dhanarAzi pradAna kii| kahA hai, maiM usake yogya nahI huuN|" aura gadgad kaNTha hokara zrI di. jaina mahilAzrama, dariyAgaja, dillI bhI unhI maMca para baiThakara rone lge| saMsthAnoM meM se eka hai jo unakI udAratA ke lie cira ukta ghaTanA sAhajI kI prAntarika mahAnatA evaM nara. RNI hai| janma ko sArthaka banAne kI tar3aphana ko vyakta karatI mAtR bhakta : apanI mAtA sva0 mUrti devI ko smRti hai| jIvita rakhane ke lie mApane 'mUrti devI graMthamAlA' kA zubhA- tIrtha bhakta : jisa prakAra sAhU jI munibhakta the usI rambha kiyaa| isa graMthamAlA ke antargata prakAzita graMthoM se prakAra tIrtha bhakta bhI the| tIrthoM kI rakSA karane, mandiroM kA bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dezanA kA ghara-ghara me pracAra humA hai| (zeSa pRSTha 28 para)
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________________ anupama prAdarza jIvana DA. premacaMda rAMvakA sva. mA zAntiprasAda jI jaina kA smaraNa hote hI ke the, jimakA pariNAma prAja bhAratIya jJAnapITha hai| eka anupama mAdazaM jIvanta pratimA hamAre sAmane sAkAra ho vastunaH dharma aura maskRti ke kSetra me isa saMsthA ke mAdhyama uThatI hai| unakA sampUrNa jIvana bhAratIya sAhitya, saMskRti, me mAhU dampati ne jo kucha kiyA vaha saba svarNAkSaroM meM udyoga evaM jJAna-vijJAna ko samarpita jIvana thaa| unakI ullekhanIya hai| madvitIya pratibhA lakSmI evaM sarasvatI ke samyak upayoga sva0 mAhUjI ke gahana adhyayana kA patA mameM pratyakSa evaM sevA me saMlagna thii| bhAratIya jana-jIvana ke pramukha meM usa samaya dekhane ko milA, jaba man 1972 meM bhArata kSetra me dharma. samAja, sAhitya, udyoga aura yatkicita rAja- varSIya digambara jaina pariSada kA adhivezana koTA (rAja) nIti meM bhI unakA apanA prabhAva evaM yogadAna thA / ve me prAyojita kiyA gayA thaa| unhI dinoM hame unake sAtha vastuna. eka preraNAdAyI dIpastambha the| sAhitya eva cambala nadI pAra kezorAva pATana ke di. jaina mandira saskRti ke ve sacce upAsako me se the| bhI le jAyA gyaa| mandira eva mUrtiyAM bar3I prAcIna isame koI pratizayokti nahIM ki sva. sAhU sA0 pora thii| hame mandira me bha-garma meM surakSita pratimAtrI ke bhI unakI sahadharmacAriNI sva0 ramA jI donoM ke kadho para darzana karAe ge| mandira me vigajamAna sabhI mUrtiyA lakSmI evaM sarasvatI ko jor3ane vAlA vijJAna setu prAdhA. prAcIna hai| zrI manisavata nAtha kI mati, jo kRSNa fta thaa| bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA, usake mAdhyama pASANa kI thI, pratyadhika prAcIna ke sa. 13vI zatAbcI ke se bhAratIya sAhitya kA prakAzana pora isase bhI mahanIya bhAsapAsa mahamUda gajanavI ke prAkramaNa cinha usa para pAyaM jo bhArata sarakAra bhI nahIM kara sakI, akti the| sAha jI usa pratimA kI pora kAphI samaya pratyeka varSa bhArata kI vibhinna bhASAmoM ke uccakoTi nihArate rhe| pAsa eka anya mUrti kI jisako kevala sAhUjI ke sanana para eka lAkha kA puraskAra unakI cirasthAyI hI pahacAna ske| unhone batAyA ki vaha mallinAtha kI yazogAthA hai / lakSmI evaM sarasvatI kA aisA sundara sama pratimA hai| una prAcIna pratimAno ko dekhakara unhona jo vAya biralA hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| carcA kI, usase unakI gahana adhyayana, rUci eva mananasva. mAhajI ke jIvana kI mahatvapUrNa vizeSatA zAlatA kA patA calA unakI dharmapatnI ramA jI kI dharmaniSThA hai| ramA jI kI bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke rUpa me sAhU-dampatti kA yaza udAtta dharma bhAva bhAvanA ne sAha jI ko sAhitya evaM saskRti cirasthAyI rhegaa| unakI smRti ko yaha sasthAna sadA ke prati pratika revAniSTha bnaayaa| lakSmI kA moha aura tAjA evaM zAzvata banAye rkhekhaa| usa dampatti kA vaha maha sAhU jI ko prabhISTa nahI thA, apitu dhana para vijaya anupama jIvanAdarza samAja ke dhanI-mAnI, seThoM, netAmo, prApta kara usakA dharma, samAja, sevA, saMskRti / va sAhitya samAjaseviyo, udyoga patiyo ke lie nizcita hI anukara. ve sarakSaNa, sampoSaNa evaM saMvarddhana meM samyaka upayoga hI NIya hai / aise dharmaniSTha sAhitya, saMskRti eva rASTrasevI unake paryopArjana kA abhISTa thaa| ve udAra vicAroM divagata sAha-dampati ko zatazata vandana ! 000
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________________ unheM zramaNa-dIkSA kI prAkAMkSA thI! bhI gaNeza lalavAnI sAha zAnti prasAdajI ke nAma se hama sabhI myUnAdhika siddhAnta grahaNa karanA isakI sahamA pratibhA bhI unameM rupa meM paricita haiN| unake nidhana se bhArata ne apanA eka thii| pataH unamA vyavasAyI varga meM pramukha bananA sA. khyAtimAna udyogapati hI nahI khoyA, kho diyA eka bhAvika hI thaa| jisa prakAra ve 'pheDarezana prAmANDiyana sahRdaya sAhitya evaM kalApremI ko bhii| bhAratIya vAGmaya cembara prApha kAmarsa' jaisI ucca sasthAnoM ke adhyakSa bane ke kSetra meM yaha kSati sahaja hI pUrNa hone vAlI nahIM, kyoMki gae, upI prakAra unake dvAga sammAnita bhI hae / vaha bhI bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI pratiSThA se lekara pAja taka, marthAt eka bAra nahIM aneka bAra / deza kI praudyogika pragati ko 1944 se aba taka, sAhajI ne bhAratIya sAhitya pora kAryAnvita karane ke lie svargIya pa. javAharalAlajI ne saskRti ke vikAsa, pracAra va prasAraNa meM jo sahayoga diyA jisa prathama rASTrIya samiti kA gaThana kiyA, usameM deza ke vaha anAyAsa hI dRSTigata nahIM hotaa| taruNa praudyogika varga kA pratinidhitva karane ke lie sAha jI ko hI cunA thaa| gata 45 varSoM se ve jina udyoMgo se uttara pradeza ke antargata najIbAbAda ke prakhyAt sAhU sambandhita the, ve the kAgaja, cInI, simeTa, banaspati, aima. parivAra meM unakA janma havA / unake pitA kA nAma besTasa, pATa nirmita vastue", bhArI rasAyana, nAiTrojana dIvAnacanda va mAtuzrI kA mUrtidevI thaa| unakI prAthamika khAda, pAvara malkohala, plAIborDa, sAyakila koyale kI zikSA najIbAbAda meM hI huI / taduparAnta kAzI vizva khAne, lAiTa-relave prAdi ke sAtha sAtha hindI, agrejI, vidyAlaya eva antata. pAgarA vizvavidyAlaya meM / yahA~ se marAThI. gajarAtI ke dainika patra evaM ptrikaaeN| unhoMne prathama zreNI me bo. esa.sI. kI parIkSA uttIrNa ko| isI zatAbdI ke tIsare dazaka meM unhoMne udyoga eva yaha eka pahala thI sAhanI ke vyaktitva kI; pora vyavasAya ke kSetra meM praveza kiyA eva satata madhyavasAya, dumarI pahala jimane unheM hamAre sannikaTa kara diyA, yaha parizrama pora lagana ke bala para thor3e hI dinoM meM mahato thI bhAratIya sAhitya eva saskRti ke prati sahaja prAntarika saphalatA bhI ajita kii| isa kSetra meM ve paramparAgata prathA anurAga kI / isI panurAga ne unheM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI anusaraNa ke pakSapAtI nahI the| ve the vibhinna pAzcAtya sthApanA ke liye urita kiyA thA / avazya hI isa deza vyavasAya saMcAlana paddhati me, jo dina pratidina nae- kArya meM unheM pAnI saha mimI ramAjI kA pUrNa sahayoga nae prayoga kara rahe the, usake mUlyAkana evaM prayoga ke pakSa- prApta thaa| (kheda hai ki ramAtrI bhI pAna isa dharatI para nahI pAtI / prata unhone pAdhunika prayoga paddhati ke viSaya meM rhiiN| unakA dehAnta bhI 22 janAI, 1975 ko ho vibhinna granthoM kA adhyayana hI nahIM kiyA, balki pUrNa gayA) prAja 1944 ko 18 pharavarI kA vaha dina yAda jAnakArI ke lie pazcima yUropa ke atirikta soviyata pA rahA hai jisa dina vArANasI meM pAla iNDiyA poriyUniyana, uca veSTa iNDIja eva prAsTreliyA prAdi dezoM yanTala kAnpha nsa ke adhivezana meM sAhUjI ne jJAnapITha ke udyogakSetroM kA nirIkSaNa bhI kiyaa| vijJAna ke chAtra pratiSThA ko uboSaNAko shii| isa kArya ke lie unheM hote hue bhI unhoMne arthazAstra ke mAdhunikatama siddhAntoM jinhone preraNA dI the muni jinavijayajI, paM0 sukhakA adhyayana kiyaa| tathya saMgraha meM bhI unakI vizeSa lAlajI, DA.hIrAlAlajI bA. upAdhye / una logoM kA abhiruci thii| sAtha hI kauna-sI sthiti meM kauna-sA lakSya kA prAya pitA kI upezina zAbA jana vidyA ko
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________________ 28, varSa 31, ki. 3-4 anekAnta pramUlya prAcIna granyarAzi kA uddhAra, saMpAdana va prakAzana / zita 'jaina kalA evaM sthApatya kA itihAsa' bhI isI etadathaM ve loga the 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' ke sthAna para jaina sAhitya ke antargata hai| jJAnapITha' nAma ke pradhAna pksspaatii| kintu, sAhajI vize- apane vyaktigata jIvana meM sAhUjI jisa prakAra niraSataH ramAjI isase sahamata nahIM huii| inakA lakSya thA bhimAnI, ha~samukha va milanasAra the, usI prakAra ve the dharmaaura adhika vyApaka bhIra adhika vizAla / niSTha aura caritra-sampanna / dharma evaM tIrthakSetra me to prApa bhAratIya prakAzana ke kSetra meM jJAnapITha eka smaraNIya maktahasta se dAna dete hI the, sAmAjika utthAna va sagIna nAma hai| mUtidevI paura lokodaya do granthamAkhAno ke Arthika paristhitivAlo ko sahAyatA bhI prakRpaNa bhAva se atirikta bhAratIya jJAnapITha 'mANikacada granthamAlA' me karate the| zikSAlaya, pratiSThAna, sarAka jAti unnayana prAdi prAcIna durlabha sAhitya kA punarmudraNa, 'ramA jaina tAmila kAryoM meM bhI ve kama arthavyaya nahIM karate the / ve mAtra propaevaM kantaDa graMthamAlA me prAcIna tAmila va kannaDa graMtho kA cArika artha meM hI dhArmika nahI the, dhArmika saMskAra prakAzana ramA jaina sAskRtika graMthamAlA' meM vicAraparaka unakI rago meM isa prakAra vyApta ho gayA thA ki mRtyu ke zodhamUlaka, sAhitya prakAzana prAdi vibhinna parikalpanAmo kucha pUrva unhone yaha abhimata vyakta kiyA thA ki 'pArogya ko bhanavarata rUpAyita kiyA jA rahA hai / vigata bhagavAna lAbha ke bAda maiM hastinApura jAkara manizrI zAntisAgarajI mahAvIra kI 25vIM nirvANa zatAbdI ke upalakSa meM se zramaNa dIkSA grahaNa kruuNgaa|' unakI vaha icchA avazya prakAzita mahAvIra sambandhI graMthoM kI saMkhyA bhI hI pUrI nahI haiI, para vaha unheM ucca loka le jAne me kama nahIM hai| 1500 citra sabalita tIna bhAgo me prakA- avazya sahAyaka banI hogii| 000 (pRSTha 25 kA zeSAMza) jIrNoddhAra karAne, purAnI kalAkRtiyo ke sarakSaNa prAdi samAja kI prApasI phUTa ko miTAkara vAtsalya bhAva kI me sAhajI ne vizAla dhanarAzi vyaya kI / apane jIvana ka abhivRddhi karane me sAhUjI ne eka yugapuruSa kA kArya kiyA pantima dinoM meM sAhajI hikSatra ke jIrNoddhAra tathA nava- hai| aise mahApuruSa ke bAre meM jitanA bhI likhA jAya vaha nirmANa ke mAMgalika kArya meM vyasta rhe| kama hai| parama vivekI : sAhajI kI pratyeka kriyA unake praur3ha asamaya meM aisI jyoti kA hamAre bIca se bhadazya viveka kI paricAyaka thii| unakI zraddhA evaM satulita ho jAnA rASTra eva samAja kI eka apUraNIya kSati hai| viveka samanvita prAcAra-vyavahAra ratnatraya ko sArthakatA jisa mahApuruSa ne pracura vibhUti pAkara bhI bharata ke samAna ko prakaTa karatA hai| jala me kamalavat prAdarza prastuta kiyA hai unheM maiM vinata bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500 veM nirvANotsava para zraddhA sumana car3hAtI huuN| digambara-zvetAmbara sabhI ko eka jhaNDe ke nIce lAne tathA
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________________ unakI lagana aura dRSTi D munizrI yazovijayajI jaina dharma ke prabhAvaka zrI sAhUjI ko maiM parokSa rIti saMpuTa ko chApanI paDegI, vizva ke kone kone me jAne ke se jAnatA thA kintu pratyakSa paricaya ke bAda vizeSa rUpa lie| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke citra ke pracAra ke bAre me se jAnakArI milii| unameM kitanI lagana thI, yaha dikhAI par3atA hai| prazAMta svabhAva suzrAvaka zrI zreyAsaprasAdajI jaina jo usI samaya mere pAsa svanirmita hotA mere prati hArdika bhAva rakhate haiM, unake kahane se sAhUjI bhagavAna kA kamala thaa| vaha dekha kara ve bahuta hI prasanna bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra ke pragaTa honevAle citra sapUTa kI hai| prAra sAmane se mAga kI, to bare prema se bheMTa kiyaa| jAnakArI aura kucha prastAva rajU karane ke lie bambaI nivANa mahotsava bar3e utsAha se prabhAvapUrNa DhaMga se paaye| pUrva nizcita samaya para ve zrI zrepAsaprasAdajI ke sammAna humA / jaina dharma aura bhagavAna zrI mahAvIra kI sAtha bhujhase milane ke liye vAlakezvara upAzraya meM pAye / jAnakArI sabako mile, isake lie unameM jo lagana dekhI sAtha the me zrI lakSmIcandajI jaina aura zrI pragaracandanA aura asvastha hote hue bhI ve kArya karate rahe tadartha sAhajI nAhaTA bhii| do dina mile, ghaTo vividha viSayoM para carcA kA zatazaH dhanyavAda hai / tadanatara seThazrI kastUrabhAI kA vArtAlApa humaa| citroM ko dekhakara, sapuTa kA kArya dekhakara nAma bhI ullekhanIya hai / dono kI viziSTa dRSTi, pati, bole-'jaina kalA mara gaI hai, aisA hI mAnA jAtA thaa| zakti aura prabhAva se nirvANa mahotsava jaya-jayakAra rUpa lekina sacamuca prApane jaina kalA jIvata kara dI hai, meM avismaraNIya bana gyaa| mApane sAdhu hokara jo kAma kiyA hai, usase sAzcarya gaurava anubhava karatA hU / ' nirvANa mahotsava ke bAre me unako upasthiti me tIthoM kA vivAda samApta ho bhI vividha stara para vArtAlApa humA thaa| jAtA to kitanA sundara ho jAtA ? anta me, yaho ka manA hai ki unakA parivAra unhI ke unhoMne yaha bhI kahA ki digaMbarIya cAra-pAMca citra. mArga para cale, sApradAyika dRSTi se vimukta banakara jaina saMpuTa meM sammilita kiye jAyeM, to 25 hajAra pratiyo dharma aura samAja sevA karatA rhe| 000
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________________ sAmAjika itihAsa kA eka yugAMta zrI candanamala thii| zrI sAha zAntipramAda jaina ke 27 aktUbara, 1977 NAe kraaii| prarthazAstra aura vittIya siddhAntoM aura paddha ko prAta: 11 baje dillI me dehAvamana hone para samasta tiyoM kA prApakA bar3A vyApaka praura vizad adhyayana thA, jaina samAja evaM deza. praudyogika, mAskRtika sAhityika aura pratyeka viSaya se sambaddha pAkar3oM eva vivaraNa kI jAnakSetra zokamagna ho ge| zrI mAha jI ko dila kA daurA kArI isa prakAra hRdayagama thI ki vaha deza-videza ke eka saptAha pUrva laDA thA aura unheM tatkAla sthAnIya sara mAthika mAmalo ke tathyoM kA pUre pariprekSya meM dekhaka : sahI gaMgArAma aspatAla ke nasiMga homa meM le jAyA gayA thaa| niSkarSa nikAlata the aura apanI pratibhA se sabako cakita tabiyata kAphI kucha saMbhala gaI thI, kintu phira eka do kara dete the| vizeSa rUpa se, bhAratIya udyama aura bhAratIya halke daure pIra par3a gaye aura unakA deha vamana ho gyaa| kSamatA ke prati pAra apane praudyogika jIvana ke prArambha uttara pradeza ke antargata najIbAbAda ke pugane gharAnoM meM do yA pAyAvAna rhe| meM sAha jaina gharAnA bahuta praSTina rahA hai| zrI zAnti sAha sAhaba ne apane ina uddezyo ko pUni ko daSTiprasAdajI kA janma isI nagara aura gharAne meM san 1912 lakSya meM rakhate hue prAvazyakatA ke anurUpa anyAnya dezoM meM hamA thaa| unake pitAmaha sAhU sakacanda jaina the. kA bhramaNa-paryaTana bhI kiyaa| sarvaprathama 1936 me vaha ca. pitAjI dIvAnacAdajI aura mAtA zrImatI mUrtidevIjI IsTa-iDIja gaye, phira 1945 meM prAsTraliyA aura phira 1954 meM moviyata rUsa / ye tIna pAtrAe unhAne bhAra pApako prArambhika zikSA najIbAbAda ke zikSA kendroM tIya praudyogika pratinidhi ke rUpa meM kI thI pora pariNAmo meM h| hAI skUla karane ke bAda prApane kAzo vividyA- koTi seve BIHA leta. laya meM praveza kiyaa| vahAM se phira pAgarA vizvavidyAlaya pramarIkA, jarmanI tathA anya vaI yogepIya dezo kA bhI meM mA gaye / pAgarA vizvavidyAlaya se hI bI. ema.sI. a mApane paribhramaNa kiyA aura anubhavo ke samAvezana dvArA n t parIkSA prathama zreNI meM pAsa kii| vastutaH prApakA mamUvA sAha jaina udyogo ko adhikAdhika samRddha kiyaa| hI vidyArthI jIvana prathama zreNI kA rahA aura yaha kevala sacamuca jisa sahajatA ke sAtha udyoga evaM vyavasAya ke pradhyayana aura jJAnopArjana kI dRSTi se hI na ho, varan kSetra meM sAhU jI ne saphalatA prApta kI, vaha unako svabhAva riyoM se bhii| ve sabhI sadguNa bhora sadadvAttayA prApa gata pratibhA aura sUjhabUjha, sagaThana kSamatA tathA adhyavasAya meM vikasita hAM,jo saphalatA ke zikhara taka pahuMcane ke aura manamolatA ko mAlA lie pAvazyaka hai| 45 varSoM meM pApane vibhinna prakAra aura prakRti ke udyoga udyoga ke kSetra meM pApane tIsare dazaka meM padArpaNa dhandhoM kI eka vistRta zreNI kI sthApanA evaM sacAlanA kiyA thA aura prArambha se hI apanI dRSTi isa bhora karake deza ke praudyogika vikAsa meM yogadAna kiyA,va bhaneka kendrita kI kina kevala deza ke udyoga, vyavasAya kA udyogo kA netRtva kiyA / isa aMNI ke antargata jahA eka. vikAsa aura pabhivarddhana ho balki sabAlanapraNAliyoM meM mora kAgaja, cInI, vanaspati, sImeMTa, esabesTsa proDakTsa bhI naye-se-naye prAvidhikako kA manvayana ho| isake pATa nirmita vastue, bhArI rasAyana, nAiTrojana khAda, lie mArane svaya vibhinna mAdhunika paddhatiyoM kA gambhIra pAvara paskohala, nAIvuDa, sAikila, koyala ko khAne, adhyayana kiyA tathA vividha viSaya kSetroM meM nirantara gaveSa- lAITa relave ijIniyariMga vasaM pAte hai, vahA~ dUsarI pora
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________________ sAmAdhika itihAsa kA eka mAta hindI, aMgrejI, marAThI, gujarAtI ke dainika patra aura pITha ke atirikta mApane sAha jana TrasTa, sAha jaimarIsAvadhika patrikAe' tathA mahatvapUrNa sAMskRtika-sAhityika Tebala sosAyaTI tathA madhya bhaneka zikSaNa sasthAnoM kI bhI zodha evaM prakAzana ke kArya bhI pAte haiN| saMsthApanA kii| vaizAlI prAkRta, jaina dharma evaM pahiMsA zoSavigata varSoM pe deza kI vibhinna zIrSa vyavasAya- saMsthAna ko tathA prAcIna tIpoM evaM mandira mAvi ke jIrNosaMsthAnoM ke pApa adhyakSa rahe haiM / iname pramukha hai : pheDa dvAra meM pracura maryadAna diyA hai| pApa akhila bhAratavarSIya rezana prApha iMDiyana cembara prApha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, bambaI tathA mahisA pracAra iNDiyana cembara mApha kAmarsa, iNDiyana zugara milsa eso. samiti, kalakattA akhila bhAratavarSIya digabara jaina parimiezana, iNDiyana pepara milpa esosiezana, bihAra cembara Sad evaM mAravADI rilIpha sosAyaTI ke pakSa raha cuke the| prApha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, rAjasthAna cembara prApha kAmarsa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke eNDa iNDasTrI, IsTanaM yU0 pI. cembara prApha kAmarsa eNDa kAryakramoM ko saphala banAne meM bhApakA sarvAdhika yogadAna iDasTrI / cAra varSoM taka lagAtAra prApa pAla iNDiyA rahA hai| jaina samAja ke cAroM sampradAyoM kI mora se prArganAijezana Apha iNDasTriyala empalAyasaM ke bhI pradhyakSa gaThina bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500vA nirmANa mahotsava mahA. he gaura isI avadhi meM bhAratIya zramavyavasthA sambandhI samiti ke prApa kAryAdhyakSa the / bhArata kI saMpUrNa digaMbara nigama banAte samaya prApane udyoga dhandhoM kA vyAvahArika jaina samAja kI prora se gaThita pAla iNDiyA digavara bhaga. daSTikoNa upasthita kiyaa| vAna mahAvIra 2500vAM nirvANa mahotsava sosAyaTI evaM apanI viziSTa pratibhA sampannatA tathA vyApaka anu- baMgalApradeza kSetrIya samiti ke adhyakSa ke rUpa me pApane bhava ke kAraNa sAhanI deza ke udyoga eva vyavamAya dvArA deza vyApI sAskRtika cetanA ko jAgata kiyaa| bhArata prateka avasaroM para sammAnita kie ge| svargIya paM0 sarakAra dvArA gaThita rASTrIya samiti aura bihAra tathA javAharalAlajI ne deza kI paudyoyika pragati kI vaijJAnika baMgalA kI samitiyoM meM bhI prApane mahatvapUrNa pado kA parekalpanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie jo prathama rASTrIya dAyitva tanmayatA se sambhAlA / nirvANa mahotsava ke bahasamiti gaThita kI thI, umare deza ke taruNa praudyogika varga makhI kAryakramoM ko prApane cintana, utsAhapUrNa netatva paura kA pratinidhitva karane ke lie pApako isakA sadasya makhara zraddhA ke pratyakSa prabhAva se upalabdhiyoM kA jo varadAna banAyA thaa| diyA hai, vaha jaina mamAja ke itihAsa me cirasmaraNIya rhegaa| sAha sAhaba kI bhAratIya dharma-darzana aura itihAsa mamAja ne apanI zraddhA svarUpa pApako dAnavIra', tathA saMskRti viSayo ke adhyayana meM bhI prAMtarika ruvi tathA 'zrAvaka ziromaNi' kI upAdhiyoM se sammAnita kiyaa| thii| bhAratIya kalA eva purAtatva ke kSetra meM bhI ve sAdhikAra carcA kiyA karate the| dhArmika zraddhA me vaha maDaga pantima kSaNoM meM sAhU nI ke pariNAma itane nirmala ho gae the ki unhoMne apane putra zrI azoka kumAra jaina se icchA the / bhAratIya bhASAmoM evaM sAhitya ke vikAsa-unnayana vyakta kI thI ki svastha hone ke uparAnta hastinApura me mani kI dizA meM pApakA ati viziSTa yogadAna rhaa| prApake zrI zAntisAgarajI ke nirdezana me zeSa jIvana vyatIta kreNge| dvArA san 1944 me bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI maMsthApanA eva mahArAja zrI jaba jamI dIkSA ucita samajheMge, de deNge| apanI sahamiNI svargIyA zrImatI ramA jaina ke sAtha zrI mAhUjI ke bar3e bhAI zrI zreyAMsaprasAda jaina ko, usakI kArya pravRttiyAM, vizeSakara usake dvArA pravartita ___ sAhUjI ke bar3e putra zrI azoka kumAra jaina, majhale putra zrI bhAratIya bhASAmoM kI sarvazreSTha sRjanAtmaka sAhityika bhAlokaprasAda jaina eva kaniSTha putra zrI manoja kumAra jaina kRti ko prativarSa eka lAkha rupaye kI puraskAra yojanA kI ko; usakI putrI zrImatI alakA jAlAna eva sAre pari. parikalpanA aura paba taka 11 puraskAroM ke nirNayoM kI vAra ko evaM samAja ko jo marmAntaka pAghAta pahacA hai usake kAryavidhi me anavarata ruci evaM mArgadarzana, unakI dUra. prati samAja kI sahA savedanA utprerita hai| unakA dehAnta dazitA evaM kSamatA ke bahaprazaMsita amara pratIka hai| jJAna- sAmAjika itihAsa kA eka yUgAMta hai| 000
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________________ unake netRtva kA phala zrI mizrIlAla pATanI sAhU zAntiprasAdajI kA janma uttara pradeza ke najIbA jAbA. bahuta vyApaka anubhavoM ke kAraNa prApako paM. javAharalAla bAda nagara me san 1911 me agravAla jaina parivAra meM ra ma neharU dvArA gaThina pahalI rASTrIya sImita me deza ke taruNa hamA / mArake pitAjI kA nAma zrI sAha dIvAna candajI praudyogika varga kA pratinidhitva karane ke lie sadasya tathA mAtA kA nApa zrImatI mUnidevIjI thaa| prApane manonIta kiyA gyaa| deza meM aneka praudyogika sasthAnoM prArabhika zikSA vahI prApta kI thii| tatpazcAt ucca kI vyavasthA hetu adhyakSapada para rahakara, uttama vyavasthA zikSA prApta karane hetu kArza. vizvavidyAlaya evaM pAgarA karake kArya saMcAlana karate rahe, jinameM se kucha variSTha vizvavidyAlaya meM gaye / vahA pratyeka viSaya kI zikSA saMsthAnoM ke nAma ullekhita kiye jAte hai : bhAratIya prApta kii| pratyeka zikSA meM prathama zreNI meM uttIrNa hota vANijya udyoga maNDala saMgha, iNDiyana cembara prApha kAmarsa, iNDiyana zugara milsa esosiezana, iNDiyana pepara prAvidhika viSaya kSetra meM videzo me gaveSaNAe~ zA ma gavaSaNAe milsa esosiezana, bihAra cembara prApha kAmarsa; evaM vagake briTana, pramerikA jarmanI, rUsa prAdi dezo meM prApane lagAtAra cAra varSa taka prAla iNDiyA prAragenAijezana paribhramaNa kara vahA se praudyogika vyavasAyI kArakhAno meM sApha iNDasTriyala empalAIyarsa ke bhI adhyakSa rhe| jAkara vahAM ke kAryoM ko dRSTigocara kara manana karate prativarSa saikar3oM ijIniyariMga vidyArthI tathA vANijya rhe| bhAratIya praudyogika pratinidhi ke rUpa me prApa san vidyArthI, patrakAra saMpAdana kalA zikSA eva aneka zikSAoM 1636 me Daca iNDasTrIja, san 1945 me mAsTreliyA, ke garIba icchaka ghidyAthiyo ke paThana-pAThana kArya hetu apane san 1954 meM soviyata rUsa gye| vahAM me pAne para bhArata upAjita dravya me se rupaye dekara sahayoga pradAna karate rhe| me pApane vibhinna prakAra ke udyoga-dhandho ke kArakhAne sAha jaina saMsthAnoM ke mAdhyama se vyAvahArika prazikSaNa, nirmANa kiye aura kuzala netRtva kara uname nirantara kArya aneka vyAdhi, zArIrika rakSA, vivAha zAdI kharca hetu nirdhana vRddhi karake vastupro kA utpAdana kara vANijya-vyavasAya mahAnubhAvoM kI mAga para athavA svaya daSTigocara hone para karane me agrasara hote rhe| prApakA vijJAna pratyanta vizAla unako dravya dekara unakI sahAyatA karate rahate the| tathA vyApaka dRSTi meM thaa| mApane kAgaja, cInI, vana- aneka prAcIna jaina tIthoM ke jaina mandiroM kA jIrNospati, sImenTa, emabesTAja nimita vastueM', bhArI dvAra karane hetu lAkho rupayo kA dAna dekara tIrtha surakSita rasAyana, kRSi upayoga me mAnevAlA mAITrojana khAda, pAvara karAye / bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, elakohala, plAIvuDa, sAikila, koyale kI khAne, lAITa bambaI va mahimA pracAra samiti, kalakattA ke adhyakSa pada relve, iMjIniyariMga kArakhAne, hindI, pragrejI, gujarAtI, para rAkara aneka chAtrAvAsoM kI sthApanA aneka sthAnoM marAThI bhASA me dainika navabhArata TAimsa va sAptAhika para karake, kaI lAkha kA dAna dekara unheM sacAlita kraayaa| patra prakAzana, sAskRtika tathA sAhityika evaM dhArmika vaizAlI ke snAtakocara prAkRta jaina evaM pahisA zoSa pustaka prakAzana kArya hetu jJAnapITha sasthA sthApita kI jo saMsthAna kI sthApanA ke lie prApane lAkho rupaye dekara eka lAkha rupayA ucca vidvAno ko prativarSa puraskAra bheTa mttkii| aneka zikSaNa sasthAmoM ko aneka sthAnoM para rUpa meM pradAna karatI haiN| prApakI viziSTa pratibhA tathA (zeSa pRSTha 34 para)
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________________ prAdarza evaM abhUtapUrva vyaktitva zrI sumata prakAza jaina, dillI vaise to parama zraddheya, zrAvaka-ziromaNi, tIrthabhakta, vimarza karane ke bAda unhoMne na kevala mandira jI ke jIrNodAnavIra svargIya sAha zAntiprasAdajI se merA paricaya dvAra balki kucha navInIkaraNa kI yojanA ke lie apanI kAphI samaya se thA parantu DhAI varSa pUrva tIna dina taka icchA vyakta kI tathA usako pUrA karAne ke lie prAvazyalagAtAra unake sAtha rahakara kaI tIrthakSetroM kI yAtrA karane katAnusAra dhanarAzi kI apanI ora se svIkRti bhI kA jo saubhAgya majhe prApta hayA uname maiMne unako naja- turanta de dii| unakI yojanAnusAra kameTI dvArA vaha kArya dIka se dekhA tathA unake abhUtapUrva paktitva se bahuta hI kucha hI dinoM bAda prArambha kara diyA gyaa| hameM bar3A dU.kha prabhAvita hapA / dinAMka 7.10.1976 ko prAta: 8 baje hai ki unake jIvanakAla me vaha kArya pUrA na ho skaa| ghara para TelIphona kI ghaNTI banI aura mere apanA nAma unake nidhana ke bAda pUre sAha parivAra ne usa yojanA meM batAne para turanta sAhajI se samparka sthApita ho gayA / sAhU pUrI ruci lI tathA zepa kArya ko pUrA karApA / kSetra para jI ne icchA vyakta kI ki vaha agale dina hI subaha dinAMka 13-4-78 se 16.4.78 taka hone vAlI paMcakAra dvArA zrI ahicchatra pAzvanAtha digambara jaina tIrtha kalyANaka pratiSThA para bhI prAdaraNIya mAhU zreyAMsaprasAda, kSetra jAnA cAhate hai aura vahAM se zrI kammilA jI, sAhU azokakumAra, sAhU pAlokaprakAza, sAhU manojakumAra zorIpura, baTezvara grAdi anya tArthoM para bhI jAne kA sameta samasta sAhU-parivAra ne bar3e utsAha evaM zraddhApUrvaka vicAra hai| ve cAhata ye ki isa yAtrA meM unake sAtha maiM bhAga liyA, jisake lie hama samasta sAhU-parivAra ke bhI calU / maiMna unako apanI svIkRti de dii| agale dina bahuta hI prAbhArI hai / agale dina maiM punaH mAhUjI ke sAtha 8-10.1676 ko prAta. 10 baje unhone zAhadare se hI zrI kampilAjI gyaa| rAta ko hama kampilAjI me hI mujhaM sAtha le kara apanI kAra meM baiThA liyA / vaise to unake Thahare tathA rAta ko vahA~ kI kameTI ke sadasyo se sAhajI sAtha eka kAra pora bhI thI jisameM unakA saciva, raso. nakSatra kA pragati ke bAre meM bAtacIta kI tathA usake iyA, caparAsI, naukara grAdi baiThe the, parantu unhone majhe jIrNoddhAra ke lie bhI eka bar3I rAzi ke lie ghoSaNA apanI kAra meM apane pAsa hI baitthaayaa| rAste me zrI ahi- kii| agale dina 10-10-1978 ko prAtaH darzana-pUjana cchatra tIrthakSetra tathA anya tIrthoM evaM anya sAmAjika, karane ke bAda hama zrI kampilA jI se calakara phIrojArASTrIya prAdi viSayoM para bAtacIta hotI rhii| bAda, zaurIpura, baTezvara (vahA para darzana nahI ho sake hama rAmapura, barelI hote hue cAra baje zrI ahicchatra pAva. kyoMki yamunA kA pula TUTA humA thA, ata: kAra mandira taka nAtha pahuMca gae / mere dvArA rAta ko hI phona dvArA sUcanA nahIM jA sakI) prAgarA, caurAsI, mathurA hote hue zAma de dene para kSetra kameTI ke bahuta se sadasya rAmapura, murAdA- ko dillI pahuMca gye| ina tIna dinoM meM lagAtAra sAhU bAdana aura relI se kSetra para pahale se hI pahuMca gaye the / sAhU jI ke sAtha rahate hue maiMne una meM eka abhUtapUrva pratibhA jI ne pahuMcate hI bar3I vinaya, zraddhA evaM bhakti pUrvaka ko dekhA / abhimAna evaM prahakAra nAma kI koI vastu mandirajI me darzana kiye aura rAta ko hI sAhUjI kSetra para unake pAsa thI hI nhii| unhoMne mujhe jo pyAra-snehahI dharmazAlA kI koTharI meM Thahare / unhoMne vahA Thaharane me mamatA dI vaha Aja ke yuga me virale hI de hone vAlI takalIpha kI tanika bhI paravAha nahIM kii| pAte hai| ve khyAtiprApta antargaSTrIya udyogapati to the zAma kI prAratI ke bAda sAhajI ne vahA~ ke mandira jI ko hI, sAtha meM maiMne pAyA ki vaha bar3e sarala svabhAva, nirabar3e gaura se nirIkSaNa kiyA tathA vahAM saba bediyo evaM bhimAnI, samAjasevI, dharmaniSTha eva turanta nirNaya lene unameM virAjamAna pratimAnoM ko bar3e dhyAna se dekhaa| rAtri vAle vyakti the| ina sabake pIche unakI dharmapatnI zrImatI ko kSetra ke viSaya meM kameTI ke upasthita sadasyoM meM vicAra. ramA jaina unakI preraNA srota rahI haiM, kyoki ramAjI ke
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________________ 34, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta nAma kA ullekha pAte hI unakI mAMkheM nama ho jAtI thiiN| dUsarI prakAra bhArata kA koI bhI aisA jaina tIrtha isI kSetra samAja, ve jaina samAja evaM rASTra kA bahakalyANa cAhate the| nahIM hai jisakI pora sAhajI kA dhyAna na gayA ho tathA isake lie unake dila me baDI vedanA thii| vaha cAhate the jisake jIrNoddhAra meM sAhajI ne sakriya yogadAna na diyA ho| kina samAja ke samamta loga ekajuTa hokara samAja ke unakI tIrthoM ke prati zraddhA, bhakti, dhArmika bhAvanA tathA jasthAna ke lie kArya kreN| ike lie vaha jaina samAja ke unakI saralatA, sahRdayatA, viveka, bandhutva kI bhAvanA, pratyeka sampradAya ke sAdhunoM evaM pratiSThita vyaktiyoM se ucca vicAra, bhrAtR-sneha evaM mamatva kI bhAvanA, unakI milate rahate the tathA isake lie unhoMne kaI yojanAye bhI samAja eva rASTra kI sevA, milana-sAritA, mAtithyabanAI thii| jaina tIrthakSatro ke jIrNoddhAra karAne me unhone satkAritA, gurubhakti, zaikSaNika evaM sAhityika ruci bhAdi vizeSa ruci lii| vaha inako rASTra kI dharohara mAnate ye anekoM aise guNa the jo kisI birale vyakti me hI pAe jAte aura isa kArya ke lie unhoMne apanI ora se vipula dhana- hai / yAtrA se pAne ke bAda bhI samaya-samaya para maiM unase milA rAzi kharca ko / yaha sAhU zAntiprasAdajI kI preraNA evaM aura jaba bhI milA unake guNoM meM kucha-na-kucha vazi hI mArga darzana hI thA ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA 25.0vAM pAI / dinAMka 27.10.1676 ko prakRti kI krUra niyati nirvANa mahotsava rASTrIya evaM antarrASTrIya stara para bar3e ne unako sadA-sadA ke lie hamase chIna liyaa| parantu vaha utsAha se vyApaka rUpa meM manAyA gayA, jisase deza ke sadeva hamAre mana me rahege tathA unakA ucca jIvana caritra kone kone me zagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI phira eka daphA sadaiva mArgadarzana karatA rahegA aura samAja meM hI nahI gaja utthii| bhAratIya stara para koI bhI aisI jaina saMsthA apitu samasta rASTra unako sadeva yAda karatA rhegaa| nahI thI jisako sAhajI kA sakriya yogadAna na milA ho aura 000 (pRSTha 31 kA zeSAza) sasthAnoM ko bhArI da na dekara saMcAlita kraaii| mUrtidevI dhArmika kAryoM para saMkaTa pAne para sAhajI ke dvArA varta. kanyA vidyAlaya, mUrtidevI sarasvatI iNTara kAleja, sAhU mAna kAla me dUra hote rahe haiN| hameM prAzA ki aba jaina kAleja najIbAbAda nagara meM saMcAlita kraae| esa. uparokta kAryoM meM unake bhrAtA sAhU zreyAMsaprasAdajI tathA pI. jaina kAja, sAsArAma (bihAra) me sthApita kara unake suputragaNa zrI azokakumArajI, zrImAlokaprasAdajI bhI saMcAlita kraayaa| tIna TrasTa sasyAeM, apane-apane kSetra meM apane sva0 pitAjI ke padacinhoM para calakara jaina samAja viziSTa saMmthAe, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, sAhU jaina tathA jaina dharma kI rakSA karate raheMge aura aneka dhArmika cegeTebala somAyaTI va sAhU jaina TramTa (jo akhila bhAratIya evaM sAmAjika kAryoM meM upasthita hokara yathAyogya tanamahatva ko sasthAye hai) bhArI dAna dekara saMcAlita kI hai mana dhana se sahayoga pradAma karate rheNge| deza ke itihAsa jo pracalita hai, kArya pariNita hai| tIrtha kSetra, purAtatva meM sadA hI sAhU jI kA kRtitva variSTha tathA viziSTa kendra tatvajJAna kI pratiSThApanA, muni bhakti, muni rakSA, mAnA jAyegA isameM koI saMdeha nhii| pAla iDiyA digambara bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500vA mika kAryoM para sakaTo ke prAne para unako dUra karane meM nirvANa mahotsava sosAyaTI ke adhyakSa tathA bhagavAna tana-mana-dhana hara prakAra se parizrama karake variSTha zAsana mahAvIra 2500vA nirvANa mahotsava rASTrIya samiti ke adhikAriyo se milakara paidA huI vipadAmo ko dUra karane kAryAdhyakSa rahakara sampUrNa deza meM bhagavAna mahAvIra pariko sadaiva hara samaya tatpara rahakara pAe hue sakaTo ko dUra nirvANa kA jo vyApaka kAryakrama humA hai aura jo usa karate the| isI prakAra, pahale sara seTha hukamacanda jI indora kArya me cetanA jAgrata huI hai, vaha zrI sAhUjI kI hI kI svAbhAvika dRSTi thii| unake svargavAsa ke pazcAt preraNA, parizrama aura lagana se saMgaThana hokara huI hai| yaha yaha sthAna thI sAhUjI ke grahaNa karane se jaina samAja ke zrI sAhajI ke hI netRtva evaM parizrama kA zreya hai| DCO
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________________ jainatva ke jIvanta pratIka D DA. rAjendra kumAra baMsala, zahaDola zraddhA sumana samarpita karane eva dUsaroM ke preraNA srota sahI prakAzana nahIM ho sktaa| jabaki dhidyamAna paryAvaraNa banane kI pavitra bhAvanA se vyakti vizeSa se sambandhita me prAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki unake vyaktitva kA vizeSAMka nikAlane kI paramparA rahI hai| kintu ava maha yathArtha prakAzana kiyA jAye jisase saMskAravihIna yuvA kI tuSTi eva vyaktigata lAbha kI dRSTi se aise vyaktiyo ke pIDhI, bhramita vRddha pIDhI evaM prathamada me cara madhyavargIya bhI vizeSAka nikAle jAne lage hai jinakA vyaktitva vivAda dhanika pIr3hI stra0 sAhajI se mArgadarzana pAkara kalpanA. grasta eva samAja vicchedaka banA hai| phira aise viSAko loka kI uDAna choDa jamIna para calane kA sAhasa kara kA procitya siddha karane ma prAyaH ghaTanAeM atirajita rUpa skeN| me vaNita kI jAtI hai jimase vyakti kA vyaktitva kRtrima durbhAgya me merA sAhU jI se pratyakSa me paricaya kabhI eva bojhila mA lagane lagatA hai aura vaha sahaja sarala nahI humaa| hAM unake agraja zrI sAhU zreyAMsa prasAdajI se praraNA srota nahI bana paataa| bane bhI kyA ? kucha andara avazya vigata varSa gunA me sakSipta paricaya huprA thaa| vajana ho to bane bhii| unakI saujanyatA, saralatA, mahRdayatA eva nizchalatA kI sva. zrI zAntiprasAda jI kI puNya smRti kA vize- bAnagI se sva. zrI sAhanI ke prati mege jo dhAraNA thI, pAka hama navIna pravRtti kA apavAda hai aura sAhU jI kA vaha avazya puSTa huii| ganizIla, bahamukhI evaM karmayogI vyaktitva yathArtha meM dUmaro aise bhAgyavAna vyakti alpa saMkhyA meM hI hote hai jinhe ke lie preraNA-srota eva pathapradarzaka banegA, imame do mata jIvana me vipula bhautika sAdhana eva pavasara prApta hote hai| nahI ho skte| phira aise vyakti to birale hI hote hai jo una mAghano maha prazna vyakti ke vyaktitva ke prAdhArabhata guNo ke kAmahI eva satulita upayAga jIvana kI pratyeka vidyA me prakAzana kA hai jo usake jIvana darzana, citana-manana ko unmukta hRdaya se niSkAma bhAvanA se karate hai / jaba hama dizA eva kArya-paddhati prAdi ke sahI mUlyAMkana para nirbhara sva. zrI mAhUjI ke jIvana darzana kI ora dekhate hai to yaha karatA hai| vyakti ke vyaktitva ke mUlyAkana kA eka naja- vAta nivivAda rUpa se svIkAranA par3atI hai ki unhone riyA mora hotA hai| vaha hai vyakti ne parivAra, mamA ja, rASTra apane ugra puruSArtha se jo bAhya vaibhava pAyA thA, milA evaM dharma-saskRti se jitanA pAyA hai usakA vaha nija ke thA, usakA upayoga unhone dharma, sa kRti, sAhitya, samAja upalabdha sAdhano kI tulanA meM kitanA praura kA Rga eka rASTra kI sevA meM sahaja bhAva se samarpita kara diyA cukA sakA hai ? aura kyA vaha apane bahumatI dAyitvo ko aura isa prakAra ve prAdhunika jaina jagata ke vIra bhAmAzAha pUrNa kara sakA hai ? bana gaye / mAna-pratiSThA pAkara bhI ve nirahaMkArI bane rhe| vastutaH ina prazno ke sandarbha meM hI sva0 sAhanI kA jisa vaMbhava se unake sAthI, sahayogI, mitra evaM kRpApAtra mUlyAkana kiyA jAnA unake vyaktitva ke prati mabase bara / camatkRta evaM mahaMbaddhidhArI bane, vahI vaibhava sAhujI ko zraddhAjali hogii| kuverapati parivAra kA kRpApAtra banane navyavimukha nahI kara skaa| ve jala meM kamalavat bane raha hetu sva0 sAhUjI kI prazaMsA karane se lokika lAbha to jIvanaparyanta niSkAma karmayogI bane rahe prora jina vANI, sambhava ho sakatA hai, kintu usase unake vyaktitva kA jina zAsana ke gIta gAta rhe| sAvana mAnA to aura
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________________ 36, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta ko bhI upalabdha haI hai, lekina kisa kAma kI vaha jo de aura phira aparicita vyakti ke vicAroM se apanI saha kartavya pUrti kA sAdhana banakara mAtra IrSyA evaM dikhAve mati vyakta kara preraNA bhI de| taka hI sImita raha jaaye| eka bAta aura jisako maiM vikAsa kI daSTi se mahatvapUrNa __ mAnava jIvana meM aise saMyoga bhI bahuta birale milate haiM samajhatA hUM burAI ke pratikAra evaM pracchAI ke grahaNa jahA~ lakSmI ke sAtha bhagavatI sarasvatI kA apUrva samAgama hetu khule dila aura dimAga kI hai| jaba dila aura dimAga evaM saMgati ho / pazcima lakSmI kA dAsa banA pathabhraSTa ho kI khiDakiyAM banda ho jAtI hai to vyaktitva kA vikAsa rahA hai jabaki pUrva sarasvatI ko bhUlakara lakSmIdAsa banane ruka jAtA hai| isase vyakti prAgrahI eva rUDha ho jAtA hai| kI hor3a meM saba kucha chor3a rahA hai| aise mAhaula me ina dhArmika evaM mukta hone kI bAta to bahuta dUra kI hai, sva. donoM kA satulita samanvaya karane kA saMyoga prApta honA zrI sAhajI sadaiva sarvAMgINa vikAsa evaM nita ntana vicAra vismayakArI hI kahA jaayegaa| sva0 zrI sAhUjI ke anta. grahaNa karane meM vizvAsa eva prayatnazIla rahate the| ve pranAsthala meM donoM deviyAM virAjamAna thI aura kintu unake grahI the| sahaja kintu takadhArita viveka buddhi se jo bhI madhya koI bara yA pratispardhA nahIM thii| sAmAnya lakSmI unheM satya pratIta hotA thA, binA sayogI pariNAmo kI pati ke samAna na to ve ahaMkArI, jiddI yA sakucita paravAha kie, use svIkAra lete the, aura samarpita bhAva daSTi ke hI the pora na sarasvatI ke upAsaka ke rUpa me se usakA anukaraNa bhI karate the| laukika vyavahAra zUnya yA palAyanavAdI vRtti ke hI / ve jIvana paryanta vaha dharma evaM saskRti ke vyavahAra pakSa to bejor3a gativAna karmayogI the jo jIvana bhara prAdarzoM ke poSaNa meM sajaga rhe| mato ke pUjaka evaM vidvAnoM ke evaM kalA-saMskRti kI rakSA karate rahe / mammAna tathA prAzrayadAtA rhe| kalA, saMskRti evaM sAhitya unakI samadRSTi thii| kyA choTA aura kyA bar3A, prAdi kI rakSA, surakSA, prakAzana evaM uddhAra meM unhone sabake prati unake hRdaya meM sammAna thA / apane vyasta kArya- niSkAma bhAva se apanA vaibhava samarpita kara diyaa| kahI kramoM ke madhya bhI ve patrottara dene me nahI cakate the / samAja kucha kamI nahIM rkhii| kintu jaise hI jIvana ke uttarArdha kA paMsA ratha, gajaratha, mandira evaM dharmazAlAnoM jaise pracala meM unakI dRSTi prAtmA ke vaibhava kI pora grAkarpita kI manutpAdaka kAryoM meM prAyaH vyaya hotA hai| mAnava sevA ke gaI yA huI, unhone tatkAla binA jhijhaka ke atyanta kAryoM meM usakA upayoga nahI hotaa| ataH maiMne bhagavAna sAhasI svaro me u svIkAra kara grahaNa kara liyaa| yaha mahAvIra nirvANotsava ke kAla meM sAhUjI ko patra dinAka vaha sthiti hotI hai jahA vyakti apanI picha nI mAnyatA 8-11-74 dvArA sujhAva diyA ki isa avasara para evaM prAcaraNa ko, bhale hI vaha pratyakSa me kitanA hI prahitagambhIra rogoM kI cikitsA hetu adyAvata sAja-sajjAyukta kara kyoM na ho, chor3ane kA sAhasa nahIM kara pAtA aura cikitsAlaya mizanarI bhAvanA se khole jAveM to acchA ekAMgI pakSa poSaNa karatA rahatA hai| sAhajI ko yaha hai| sAhajI ne patrottara binA vilamba ke dinAMka pariNati unako jindAdilI eva khilADI bhAvanA kA 5.12-74 ko bhejA aura likhA-'mApane jo likhA' satya paricaya detI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jIvana pry| unhoMne hai| dAna kI jo zailI samAja meM hai vaha dhIre-dhIre hI sAra-tatva ko baTorA, grahaNa kiyA aura anta me usa bindu badala sakatI hai aura bahuta badalI bhI hai| prAzA hai prApa ko pA liyA jisakA milanA atyanta durlabha hotA hai| jaise sajjano ke prayatnoM se aura bhI vizeSa bdlegii|" khaDa-khaDa eva naya pakSoM meM vibhakta jaina samAja ke unake patra ko pAkara maiM stabya-sA raha gayA / sAhUjI mere astitva para aneka prazna cihna lage the / sAhUjI ne isake vicAroM se sahamata hoge aura majhe patra kA uttara milegA, darda ko anubhava kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANa mahotsava isako maiMne kalpanA bhI nahIM kI thii| prAja ke bhautika. ke kAla meM isa darda kI vedanA ko kama karane kA avasara vAdI yuga meM kisa udyogapati ke pAsa samaya hai jo patrottara (zeSa pRSTha 38 para)
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________________ aMtas ko sAlatI smRti DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka, meghanagara zrI kI samRddhi aura sarasvatI kI pAMDityapUrNa prakha* prAghAta lagA jo sadaiva hI mere pratasa ko sAlatA rahatA ratA kA samaSTipUrNa saMyoga viralA hI dekhane ko milatA hai| hai, kintu jahAM lakSmI kA bharapUra vaibhava uphana paDA ho. jaina dharma ke uddhAraka, sva. sAhajI kA rASTravyApI vahA sarasvatI kI jJAna-garimA bhI guruttara ho, use gauravA- dhArmika kArya cirasmaraNIya rahegA jo vividha rUpo me vita karane para tulI ho, aisA prAyaH hotA nahI hai / kintu una kI garimA ko gAte nahIM mghaate| deza ke kone-kome sva0 sAha zAnti prasAdajI jaina meM ina dono deviyo ko me unhone jaina dharma kI dhvajA ko phaharAyA hai| kRyA samAhita thI / "sone me sugadha" kI ukti ko yathA- "bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA" zodha prabandha likhate samaya rthatA pradAna karane vAlA sAha zAnti prasAda jI jaina kA sva0 sAhajI se saMparka humA thaa| deza ke kone-kone se anaThA vyaktitva eka kIrtimAna sthApita kara yuga ke lie yaha bhagavAna mahAvIra viSayaka zodha sAmagrI ekatrita karane me prAdarza prastuta karatA hai, ki itanI prasIma sampatti ke bAva jahA elAcarya muni vidyAnanda jI kA kRpA-sambala mujhe mada bhI ve mAhitya, saMskRti va dharma ke prati itane adhika protsAhita karatA rahA vahIM, majhe sva0 sAhajI ko pratha grAsthAvAna the| sva. ramArAnI jaina bhI vidhAtA kI anu- ke prati niSThA bhI nikhAra lA rahI thii| prabandha kI preraNA pama dena thI jo sva0 mAha jI ke sAtha dharmapatnI kI vizi- upAdhyAya vidyAnandajI muni ne do to sAhityika thAtI STatama bhUmikA nibhAte hue sAhitya va kalA ke kSetra meM kA vishaa| bhaNDAra prAkRta zodha-saMsthAna, vaizAlI se milA kIrtimAna sthApita kara ca kI hai, jisakA anupama udAha- jiro sAhUjI ne banavAyA hai| raNa hai jJAnapITha puraskAra yojanA kA sUtrapAtra / ___"bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA" pI-eca0 DI0 prabandha mAmAjika sacAra, sAMskRtika vikAsa, naitika niravAra likhate mamaya sAhajI ke samparka me pAne ke pazcAta majhe va prAdhyAtmika utthAna ke prati satata prayatnazIla unI unakI vizAla hRdayatA, dharmaparAyaNatA tathA jana saMskRti dhArmika bhAvanA, rASTrIya niSThA va sAhityika sRjana ko ke prati apAra niSThA kI anubhUti huI, jise zabdo me protsAhita karane kI pravRtti se maiM behada prabhAvita thaa| vyakta karanA sambhava nhii| prabandha likhane meM protmAhana itane dhanavAna hote hue bhI sAhUjI kI dhArmika pravRtti ko kA jo uphAna thA, vaha baDI tIvratA ke sAtha gatizIla thA jitanA bhI sarAhA jAe thor3A hai| sarvaguNa sampanna ki bhagavAna mahAvIra para yaha deza kA prathama pI-eca. vyaktitva vAle sAhUjI kI sahRdayatA ko prAkanA prAsAna DI0 prabandha upAdhi ke pazcAt jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho nahIM hai| jAyegA / isIlie prabandha kA kArya meM dina-rAta eka karake zrAvaka ziromaNi sAhajI ke isI guNa se abhibhUta kaThora parizrama ke sAtha zIghra pUrNa karane meM lagA thaa| maiM mI AzAnvita rahA ki unakI vizeSa kRpA se merA pAvA, vaizAcI, kapilavastu kuzInagara, lumbinI, gorakhapura pI-eca. DI. zodha-prabandha 'bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA' kapiyA, uparA, sAranAtha, vArANasI, hastinApura, dillI jJAnapITha se athavA unakI kRpA sambala se prakAzita ho Adi kI yAtrAeM kara maiMne mahAvIra viSayaka vizeSa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prAdoM, upadezo ko jana-jana taka mAmagrI ekatrita kii| yaha saba sAmagrI upAdhyAya vidyAnaMda pahuMcAyegA, kintu una dono (sva. ramAjI tathA sAhU jI muni ko bhI dikhAI va meraTha cAturmAsa me 7-8 dinoM zAnti prasAda jaina) ke asAmayika nidhana se mujhe gaharA taka unake pAsa rahakara mArga darzana letA rahA /
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________________ 18, pa ki . 3-4 anekAnta sva. zAntiprasAda jaina bhI mere isa zodha graMtha likhane samApta ho gyaa| ke utsAha se prabhAvita the, isalie maiM dUne utsAha se kArya dvitIya saMskaraNa bhI saMbhavataH zIghra samApta ho karatA rhaa| antata: 2500veM nirvANotsava ke pAvana jAyegA, kintu isa saphalatA ke bAvajUda eka ajIba-sI avasara para "bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA" para pI-eca. kasaka, kacoTa hRdaya ko sAlatI hai va TIsa bharI hUka uThaDI. kI upAdhi mila gii| kara vihvala kara detI hai ki yadi sAhajI yA ramAjI honI "bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA" zodha prabandha ke prakAzana to isa "mahAvIra kathA" ko duniyA ke kone-2 meM pahuMcane ke lie maiM pratyadhika mAzAnvita thA ki yaha sAhUjI kI meM majhe saphalatA aura adhika miltii| prasIma saMgharSoM se kRpA se ho jaayegaa| jJAnapITha ke maMtrI zrI lakSmIcaMdajI ise isa maMjila taka pahuMcAyA hai kintU sAhU dampatti kA jaina se bhI 2.3 bAra milA tathA sAhU pAloka prakAza kRpA saMbala ise kahAM pahuMcA detaa| jaina ke ghara para syaya jAkara pADulipi (prabandha ko Takita prAja sAha zreyAsaprasAdajI kA prAzIrvAda va preraNAra prati) unheM de dI ki ise prakAzita karAne kI kRpA patra bhI majhe milatA hai ki maiM 'mahAvIra jIvana-darzana" kreN| kintu sarvatra nirAzA ho mujhe milI arthAt prabandha viSaya para DI. liTa. kA vizAla pratha likhakara bhagavAna prakAzita na ho sakA / taba zrImatI ramArAnI jaina va zrI mahAvIra viSayaka vizvastarIya sAmagrI kA isame samAveza sAha zAntiprasAda jaina kA prabhAva majhe agva rane lagA ki karUM jisake lie maiMne kArya prArambha kara diyA hai| yadi ve hote to ... / kyA mahAvIra para vizvastarIya sAmagrI ekatrita karane __ "bhagavAna mahAvIra kathA" ko pratataH svayaM pAThaka- ke lie sAhajI kI smRti me sAiTrasTa se sahagoga prApta ho prakAzana, se prakAzita kara dvitIya saMskaraNa kI pariSkRta sakatA hai / sAhityakAra ko unakI kitanI kRpA milatI thI prati deza ke kone-kone meM pahuMcA rahA huuN| "bhagavAna ise zabdoM me prAMkanA sabhava nhiiN| mahAvIra kathA" nepAla, bhUTAna, sikkima va deza ke sudUra meghanagara (ma. pra.) bhAgoM meM pahuMca gaI hai| prathama saMskaraNa to eka varSa me hI 000 (pRSTha 36 kA zeSAza) unheM milA / juTa gae tana-mana-dhana se ve jaina ekatA, saga- guNo se vibhUSita anya aneka vyaktitva baune se lagate hai / Thana eva mahAvIra ke upadezo me pracAra-prasAra me| jaina niSkAma samAjasevA, dharma parAyaNatA, kalA, sAhitya eva samAja eva dharma jo mandira kI galiyo evaM zAstro ke saMskRti prema, kartavya niSThA, saralatA, udAra eva paropakAra panno me vilupta thA, praba rASTrIya eva antarrASTrIya jagata kI vatti, vyApaka evaM unmukta dRSTikoNa, mAnava sammAna, dharohara evaM prAkarSaNa kA viSaya bana gyaa| jagata ne jAnA prApta sAdhanoM eva avasaro kA samucita santulita upayoga, mahAvIra ko evaM unake anuyAyiyo ko| samAja eva guNa grAhakatA tathA pAtma vaibhava ko pAne kA nirantara saMskRti kRta-kRtya ho gaI sAhUjI ke isa mahAna prayAsa satata prayAsa, ye saba aise guNa haiM jo sva. zrI sAhUjI se / di. jaina mahAsamiti ke gaThana hetu unhone vaza nahIM ko amaratva pradAna karate hai| bAhya vaibhava vo unase bhI kiyA? unhone azrapUrita netroM sahita samAja se jana adhika bahatoM ko milA thA, milA hai aura milegA, kintu ekatA hetu mArmika prapIna taka kI paura jIvana kA utsarga ukta prAtmika guNoM ke sAmane unakA kyA mUlya ? samagra usI prayAsa meM kara diyA / mahAsamiti unake jIvana kA rUpa se, merI dRSTi meM, ve sacce janasva ke jIvanta pratIka mantima kintu mahatvapUrNa smAraka hai jisakA vyApaka gaThana, the, jo isa daSTi se sadaiva jaina jagata ke preraNA srota bane vikAsa evaM rakSA karanA pratyeka jaina kA parama kartavya hai| rheNge| yahI unake prati samAja kI saccI zraddhAMjali hogii| ma. moriyaNTa pepara milsa, vastutaH unake sarvAgINa vyaktitva ke bhAge eka-eka zAhagola (ma.pra.) 000
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________________ samAja aura rASTra kI sevA ke lie samarpita vyaktitva zrI satyaMdhara kumAra seThI, ujjana bhAratIya sAhitya meM mAnava jIvana kI maulikatA kA gharAne meM hupA, ve kitane bar3e udyogapati the isameM maiM nahIM aMkana karane ke lie kahI bhI kipI bhI taraha kI mizAla jAnA cAhatA / ina cIjoM se kisI kA vyaktitva nahIM dekhane ko nahIM miltii| isalie mAnava jIva ko prapo- mAM jA sktaa| mahAna vaha hai jo ina sabase apane lika jIvana mAnA hai| isa jIvana se sambandhita paurANika mApako bacAkara deza va samAja kI sevAmoM meM apane graMthoM meM aneka kathAyeM mahAna sAdhako dvArA likhI gaI prApako arpita kara detA hai| sAhajI ke jIvana se sana. haiM jinameM batalAyA gayA hai ki mAnava ne apane jIvana dhita aneka lekha va gratha prakAzita hae hai aura hote rahege. kA nirmANa karake kisa taraha manavanA prApta kI hai aura jinameM unake jIvana kI jhAMkiyA anekoM mileNgii| lekina usake bAda matya, himA pora anekAta vicAradhArA ke jahAM taka maiM unake samparka meM pAyA hUM, maiMne unake jIvana prAdhAra se apane prApako deza, rASTra aura prANI sevA ke me va kAryoM se yahI anubhava liyA ki ve eka alipta lie samarpita kara diyA hai| tIrthakara jaise mahApuruSo kI zrAvaka kI taraha apane jIvana ke nirmANa meM juTe rahate the| pUrva bhava kI jIvaniyoM meM bhI aise sakarA milate hai jiname maiMne hamezA unake hRdaya meM udAratA mora karuNA ke darzana ve sAdhanA ke bala para vizva ke samasta prANiyo kI sevA kA kie va cehare para hamezA zAti ke bhAva / na unameM prabhiH vrata lete hai / sevA hI jIvana kA eka mahAna vrata hai jisakA mAna kI bhAvanAye thI aura na kisI prakAra kI pratiSThA sambandha na rAjya zAsana se hai aura na dhana sampadA se pora kI bhaavnaayeN| uname hamezA laghutA aura mAnava bhAvanAmo jisakA spaSTa udAharaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra kA hai / bhagavAna ke darzana hote the| ve sahI rUpa me eka dhArmika mahApuruSa mahAvIra apAra vaibhava aura rAjya sampadA ke bIca paidA the| unake jIvana kA lakSya pranAtha, garIba aura abalAmoM hae, lekina unake jIvana kA lakSya prAtmavizvAsa ke sAtha kI sevA kA thA aura sAhitya pracAra va itihAsa-prakAza nistara prANI saMvA va rASTra sevA kA rahA aura ve isa kA thA, jisake lie prApane pracura mAtrA meM dhana kA upasaMkalpa kI pUrti me lage rahe aura unhoMne apane isa mahAna yoga kiyaa| mAnava jIvana ko saphala kiyaa| aise mahApuruSa hamezA se garIba chAtroM ke lie mApana dila kholakara chAtravRtti hote pAye hai pora bhaviSya meM hote rhege| isa yuga ma phaDa khole va prasahAya prabalAmo ko UcA uThAne ke lie bhI aneka satoM aura vidvAno ne bhI janma liyA hai jinake mahAyaka phaNDa khole , jinase prAja bhI isa varga kA pratyadvArA rASTra ke prANiyo kI ananta sevAye huI hai jiname / dhika utthAna ho rahA hai| isI taraha, prApane sAhitya aura paM. ToDaramalajI, paM0 sadAsukha jI, pa. banArasIdAsajI, itihAsa ke prakAra ke lie jJAnapITha jaisI mahAna sasthA pa0 gaNezaprasAdajI prAdi ke nAma ullekhanIya hai| ko janma diyA, jisake dvArA sAhitya jagata kI ina viziSTa puruSo ke svargavAma ke bAda bhI isa pAja bhI sevAyeM ho rahI hai| isa saMsthAna dvArA pralabhya jaina bhArata bhUmi para eka aisI vibhUti ne janma liyA, jisakA granthoM kA sarala aura spaSTa bhASA meM prakAzana karake jo janma jana kula meva vizAla vaibhava ke bIca meM hote hara jaina sAhitya va itihAsa ko prakAza meM lAne kA prayatna bhI usane apane jIvana kI samasta sevAyeM rASTra pora samAja kiyA gayA hai vaha jaina itihAsa me hamezA smaraNIya rhegaa| ke vikAsa ke lie arpita kara dI / vaha vibhUti hai zrI sAhU jaina samAja ke lie mAhUjI kI yaha eka aisI dena hai zAnti prasAda jaina, jinake saMbandha meM hama gaurava ke sAtha jisake lie jaina samajatA rhegaa| yaha dena jainoM taka likha sakate haiM yA kaha sakate haiM ki isa mahAna vyakti kA hI sImita nahI lekina bhAratIya vAGmaya ke lie bho mahAna jIvana kisI eka jAti vizeSa va samAja vizeSa ke sarvopari dena hai jo prativarSa sarvopari sAhitya ke lekhaka ko lie nahI rahA / sAhUjI kA janma kahAM humA, kitane bar3e eka sAkha rupaye kI rAzi kA pAritoSika detI rahI hai|
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________________ 4. 1 ki. 3-4 yaha eka bahuta bar3A prAdarza hai| aura anekAMta vicAradhArA ko| sAhajI ne jIvana ke isI taraha, bhArata ke samasta tIrthoM ko prakAza meM lAne anta taka ekatA ke lie athaka prayAsa kiyA aura isako ke lie samAja ke suprasiddha vidvAn paM. balabhadrajI sAhU mUrta rUpa dene ke lie di. jaina mahAsamiti jaisI virATa sAhaba ne preraNAyeM dI jisase prabhAvita hokara bhArata ke sasthA ko janma diyA, jisakA sthAna bhArata ke kone-2 kone-kone me jAkara paMDitajI ne jaina tIrtha kA itihAsa me vaTavRkSa kI taraha sAkAra ho rahA hai| yadi samAja baTorA aura use ve prakAza me laay| ne sAhajI kI iga bhAvanA ko sAkAra rUpa de DAlA to 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava ke isa rUpa meM saphala hone isa yuga meM unake prati jaina samAja kI yaha sabase baDI kA zreya bhI mAnanIya sAhU sAhaba ko hai jinhone apanI zraddhAjali hogii| samasta zaktiyAM lagAkara gaSTrIya stara para isakA prAyo sAhUjI aneka saMsthAno ke sasthApaka, vyavasthApaka va jana krvaayaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirmANa ke bAda jano sacAlaka the| samAja ke kAryakartApro ke prati unakA kA yaha pahalA prAyojana hai jo sArvajanika rUpa se vizva agAdha prema thaa| unakA sammAna dete the aura apane makAna ke bauna 2 me manAyA gyaa| isa prAyojana sa marvasAdhAraNa para bahA bhArI prAtithya karate the| kaI bAra masthAno ko yaha samajhane kA prapamara milA ki jana dharma ka mUla ke adhivezano ma majhe unake pratyakSa darzana karane ke avasara sivAnta ahiMsA, aparigraha aura ana kAta rASTra ke lie mila hai| ve ma dekhate hI prAge bar3hakara gale lagAte the kitane upayogI hai| paura merI pITha ThokA karate the| uname samAja ke kAryasAhajI jitane dhArmika aura sAhityika premI the utana pati jatana pAsIyatAmA kabhI matahI ve samAjasudhAraka bhI the / ve sAmAjika rUDhiyo ke kadara DhayA ka kaTTara sara nahI pAyA jaba paryapaNarAjaparva aura dIpAvalI para mujhe virodhI the / ve hamezA samAja ko vartamAna rUr3hiyoM se ve bhala jAte / uname vAtsalya aura samatA kA jabardasta samamata karAne ke lie prayAsa kiyA karate the / unako vivAha- svarA thaa| aise eka nahIM anekoM udAharaNa hai| zAdiyo ke pradarzana bilkula pasanda nahI the| ve cAhate the maiM yahAM svargIyA ramA rAnIjI ko bhI nahI bhUla ki pratyanta sAdagI ke sAtha ye sampanna hoN| jahA taka merA sktaa| jina kI sahI preraNAmoM se hI mAhUjI kA jIvana anumAna hai, unhoMne apane bacco kI zAdiyoM meM kisI bhI mahAn banA / ramAjI sahI rUpa me prAdarza devI thii| prakAra kA dikhAvA va pradarzana nahIM kiyA thaa| ve a bhAratavarSIya di0 jaina pariSada kI vicAradhArA ke pUrNa samarthaka itane vizAla kuTamba ke bIca rahate hue bhI unhone the aura usake mAdhyama se ve samAja ko hamezA sabodhita apane kartavya ko nibhAyA va svayaM aneka saMsthAnoM kI karate the| sAhUjI ke vicAroM meM yaha bhI vizeSatA thI saMcAlana kiyA / ki ve samanvaya vicAradhArA ke sabase bar3e vyakti the| pari- maiM to yahI nivevana karanA cAhUgA ki jaina samAja Sada ke sarvesarvA hone para bhI mahAsabhA aura pariSada ko sAhU jI jaise prAdarza puruSo ke padacihnoM para calakara unake eka karane ke lie unhoMne kaI bAra prayAsa kiyaa| sAha sa nasana svapna ko sAkAra kare aura unakI saMgaThana pora ekatA jI cAhate the ki hama saMgaThana ko mahasA deM jisase hamArI kI bhAvanA ko mUrta rUpa de jisase ki svargIya prAtmA ko zaktiyoM kA upayoga pracchAiyo meM ho| sAhajI na badara zAti prApta ho| bIsa paMthI the aura na teraha pathI the| ve paMtha se Upara uThe maiM bhI usa mahAmAnava ke caraNoM meM sahI rUpa se zraddhA hae vicAroM ke the / ve kabhI bhI vaicArika saMgharSa meM nahI sumana arpita karatA humA bhagavAna mahAvIra se prArthanA karatA ge| ve sahI rUpa meM manekAMtavAdI the| isIlie ve haiM ki ve majhe bhI vaha zakti pradAna kareM jisase maiM unake bhASaNoM ko mahatva nahI dete the| ve mahatva dete the ahiMsA padacihnoM para cala sk| 000
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________________ purAtattva ke amara premI 0 DA. surendra kumAra prArya, ujjaina sAhajI apane bahuvidhi vyaktitva ke kAraNa cira. thaa| usake lie isa saMgrahAlaya kI mUrtiyoM kA vargIkaraNa smaraNIya the| ve eka saphala udyogapati, jAgaruka vicAraka karake eka vistRta lekha bhejane ko likhA thaa| maiMne va paM. aura sAmAjika kAryakartA ke sAtha-sAtha dharma, darzana, kalA, satyaMdhara kumAra jI ne saMyukta rUpa se eka lekha bhejA thA jo rAjanIti paura sAhitya meM bhI vizeSa ruci rakhate the| bhArata usa prabhya ke bhAga-2 meM pradhyAya 38 meM pRSTha 587 se 588 deza kI prAcIna sapadA va pratIta kI garimA ke prasaMgoM meM taka chapA bhI, aura lagabhaga 15 citra mUrtiyo ke bheje| mApakA mana adhika ramatA thaa| unakA purAtatva meM bhI saMgrahAlaya meM mAlava pradeza ke badanAvara, cora, vizeSa AkarSaNa thA aura eka jAgarUka pAThaka kI bhAMti jAmanera, IsAgaDha, sundarasI, maksI, prASTA, iMdAra mAdi hara utkhanana mora naI purAtAtvika upalabdhiyoM para lekha, sthAnoM se pratimAeM ekatra kI gaI thIM va unakA saMgraha sammaraNa va riporTa paDhA karate the| merA unase kabhI kara yahA~ sthApita karane kA samaya va mahAkAla kSetra kI mAkSAtkAra na ho sakA, parantu patroM dvArA sUcanApro kA va kAliyAdaha kI zivanatya va ziva pArvatI, sarasvatI pAdAna-pradAna hotA rahatA thA, aura usI patra-vyavahAra prAdi pratimAnoM kA havAlA diyA thA, taba sAhajI ne likhA ke prAdhAra para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki prAtaHsmaraNIya zrI thA ki yaha jaina va jainetara brAhmaNa zevadharma kI pratibhAmoM sAhajI purAtatva viSaya me atyadhika ruci rakhate the| kA eka bhAratIya stara kA saMgrahAlaya hai tathA usakA vidhi" ujjaina ke mAlavA prAntIya digambara jaina saMgrahAlaya, / vata prAkalana honA cAhie-isase bhAratIya saMskRti ke jayasiMha purA ke viSaya me unakI gaharI ruci thii| yaha sagrahA. vat laya paMDina satyadharakumAra seThI evaM zrI bhapendrakumAra seThI ujjavala pakSa kA sabala rUpa vidvAnoM ke samakSa pAyA hai| u sAhajI kI icchA thI ki yaha saMgrahAlaya ujjaina kA ke athaka prayAsoM se sthApita kiyA gayA thaa| isa saMgrahAlaya kI matizilpa ke kAlakramAnasAra vyavasthA ke lie maiM eka pramukha prAkaSaNa kandra bane aura deza-videza ke vimAna isa pora prAkarSita ho| hamane unakI icchAnusAra eka san 1968 se hI kriyAzIla thA / DA. vi. bhI. vAkaNa sacitra malabama, mUrti vivaraNa, pahacAna, lAMchana, prAyudha, kara, zrI nArAyaNa bhATI, zrI dIpa canda jaina, zrI lAlabahAdura yakSa-yakSiNI va pAdapITha ke zilAlekhoM ke pAcana ke sAtha tomara ke sAtha maiMne samasta 510 pratimAnoM kA kramAMkI. karaNa, abhilekhoM kI pratilipi evaM mani sauSThava kA eka tayAra kiyaa| nyUmAyara iravina (mAsTriyA), beneTa piTara vahata keTalAga taiyAra kiyA thaa| usa keTalAga ko jJAnapITha (laMdana), lothAra bAMke (mAsTriyA) va Rjara (igalaiDa) ne isakA mUrtizilpa dekhA, phoTogrApha lie va isakI mUrtiyoM kI prora prakAzanArtha bhejA gyaa| isI bIca akhila bhAratIya prorienTala kAnphreMsa kA ujjaina adhivezana ho rahA kA prakAzana kiyaa| sAhUjI ne patra meM likhA thA ki thA, prataH eka paricaya pustikA isa saMgrahAlaya kI prakA- mAlavA ke jaina tIrthoM para eka pustaka taiyAra kI jaay| usI zita kI jo samasta kalApremI prabuddha pAThako ko vitarita zRkhalA meM maiMne "maksI jaina tIrtha : eka paricaya va itikI gaI / maiMne eka prati prAdaraNIya sAha jI ke pAsa bhejI hAsa" pustaka likhI jo hAla hI meM prakAzita huI hai| thI aura unakA maMtavya mAMgA thaa| isa para sAhUjI ne Una, oMkArezvara, bar3avAnI, banaDiyA para bhI maiM lekhana kara eka vistRta patra diyA thA ki paricaya pustikA ko paDhakara rahA hai| sabhI ke preraNAsrota pAdaraNIya sAhajI the| unhe harSa humA va kina-kina sthAnoM se kaba-kaba saMgraha kiyA sAhUjI kA mata thA ki prAcIna mUrtiyo me yugoM kI gayA hai aura jaina pratimAnoM para zodha karane vAloM ko zraddhA samanvita rahI hai| prataH yaha hamAre lie dharohara hai| yahA~ kisa prakAra kI suvidhA dI jAtI hai? kyA jaina dharma rASTra ke lie yaha thAtI hai jisa para yagoM taka bhArake atirikta bhI isa saMgrahAlaya me anya pratimAeM haiM ? tIyo ko garva hogaa| sAtha hI jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita 'jana mArTa eNDa mArki- anta meM unake prati zraddhAMjalI prastuta karata hUM / Tekcara' DA. amalAnanda ghoSa dvArA saMpAdita hone vAlA vikrama vizvavidyAla, ujjaina (madhya pradeza) 000
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________________ mahAprabhAvaka zrAvaka ziromaNi 1 paNDita sumeracandra jaina, dillI unnIsavIM zatAbdI meM jaina dharma aura jaina saskRti ke nahIM / isa pustaka meM unake sambandha meM likhA thaa| prabhyudaya ke lie jina tejasvI . asAdhAraNa pratibhAsapanna, caturvidha saMgha meM kimate kitanA zraddhA kA bhAga apane dAnavIra mahAna pAtmAmoM ne janma lekara loka kalyANakArI hRdaya ke vikasita puSpoM se bharakara puSpAMjali 2500 varSoM prAzcaryajanaka kArya kie uname svanAmadhanya seThamANikacadra ke pazcAt vIra bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM apita kI, isakA jI jaharI pora jaina samAja ke anabhizikta mamrATa to hama sabhI malyAMkana nahI kara sakate / parantu yaha bAta savarAjA seTha hakamacanda jI the / una ke pazcAta sarvatomukhI hapa avazya jAnate hai ki usame umaga se bharakara kRtakArita pratibhA ko lekara bha0 mahAvIra ke zAsana ko aura ahiMsA- anumodanA se aura tana, mana, dhana se marvatra jAgati aura smaka saskRti ke utthAna ke lie jinhoMne athaka parizrama preraNA kA srota jisake bArA hamAve he svanAmadhanya kiyA unakA nAma kAvya pratiSThita mahAprabhAvaka zrAvaka labbapratiSThita jaina samAja ke mukuTamaNi sAhU zAnti ziromaNi sAha zAMti prasAda jI hai|| prasAdajI hai / ve samAja ke aise jyotirmAna dedIpyamAna ratna sAhUjI kI pratibhA caturmukhI thii| unhoMne vyApAra, hai jo asvastha hone para bhI bha0 mahAvIra nirvANa mahotsava tIrtha bhakti, jinavANI bhakti samAja nirmANa kA mahAna ke lie satata jAgarUka rahe / samAja ke mArgadarzaka jaina kArya, ghonnati kI tIvra prAkAMkSA paura adhyAtmajJAna ko samAja ke sabhI munijanoM, tyAgiyoM, vratI vidvAnoM aura pipAsA, ina sabhI viSayo me unhona mahatvapUrNa kArya kie zrAvaka varga ke priya rhe| isa utsava kI saphalatA kA jinheM hama yuga-yuga taka yAda karate rheNge| zreya sAhUjI kI tIna lagana ko hai jinhoMne apanI ve bhAratIya mAtA ka aise divya sapUta the jo jIvana niSThA aura kartavyazIlatA se samAja ke mana ko moha liyA bhara vividha prakAra se jana saMskRti, hiMsAtmaka vicAra- praura utsava meM cAra cAda lagA die / dhArA aura bhAratIya divya vicAroM ke poSaNa ke lie vaiSNava kula me janma lene para bhI zrImatI ramA rAnI satata prayatnazIla rhe| jI ke mana me jaina dharma aura jaina saMskRti ke prati bar3I bha0 mahAvIra svAmI ke 2500ve nirmANa mahotsava bhakti thii| ve sahajI ko satata dhArmika kAryoM meM protsAhana para unhoMne jo prasAdhAraNa kArya kie, unhe dekha hame bhikSa- diyA karatI thii| gajavArAvela (jo mahAparAkramI pora zaktizAlI nareza thA yadyapi sAhUjI kA antaHkaraNa svataH jina zAsana kI paura jisane durdAnta zatru ko parAstakara kumArI parvata para prabhAvanA karane ma sadaiva utsAhita rahatA thA parantu ramA 17giri me dharmodyotana kA mahAna kArya kiyA) ko yAda jI kA sahayoga sone me sugandhi kI taraha caritArtha humaa| bhA gii| jaina saskRti aura jaina dharma ke utthAna me sadaiva dillI meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa para jaina mahilAmo ne masAdhAraNa zakti lagAkara mAzcaryamahotsava meM eka choTI-sI pustaka jaba sAhajI ko diI janaka kArya kie hai| prAcIna kAla meM aneka tapasvinI, dAna to bole ki 'tumane to sabhI kI prazaMsA likha dii|" gIlA, vIraprasavA, zUravIra, tejasvI, zaktizAlI, vIrA. vastutaH jinhoMne nirvANa mahotsava para kriyAtmaka saha. nA lekhikA, kaviyitrI, pratyaka, buddhimatI nArI rala huI yoga diyA isame unhI mahAnubhAvo kI prazasA hai manya ko jinhoMne jina zAsana ko udyoga karane meM bhI prabhAvanA mana
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________________ mahAtramAvAbAvaka ziromaNi ke pAlana karane meM mahatvapUrNa anUThe kArya kie haiN| striyoM tIrtha kSetra kI mugNa bedI ke pAsa itamA sthAna nahIM thA ki kI tejasvI zakti se hI samAja sacce parSoM meM utkarSa ko sa-pAMca mahAja suvidhApUrvaka baiTha sakeM mora parikamA bhalI prApta hokara sarvAgINa unnati ko prApta ho sakatI hai| prakAra lagA skeN| jaba isa viSaya kI pora sAhajo kA zrImatI ramArAnIjI unhIM vIra mahilAoM ke padacihno dhyAna prAkarSita kiyA gayA to unhoMne eka lAkha rupaye para calIM, jinhoMne saskRti utthAna ke kArya me prabhAva se svayaM adhika rupaye lagAkara manozatama vedI pora naye zAlI kArya kiyA, jisase janatA meM apane kartavya ke prati sire se bhavana vazikhara banavAkara tIrtha kA uddhArakara diyaa| zraddhA balavatI huI aura unakA sabase bar3A kArya yaha humA isI prakAra na mAlama kitane tIyoM kA jIrNodvAra unake ki ve sAhajI ko dila kholakara udAratA ke sAtha dharma, dvArA hapA / ve sacce pathoM meM tIrthabhakta ziromaNi // saMskRti, sAhitya, jinavANI, tIrtha aura samAja nirmANa ke isI prakAra jinavANI uddhAra ke lie unhoMne bhAra. kArya meM protsAhana detI rahI jisase jaina samAja ke jIvana tIya jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kI jisake dvArA samkRta, me eka naI cetanA jAgRta huI aura jisakA sumadhura phala prAkRta, hindI paura dakSiNa kI bhASAmoM ke pratha sarvAta niklaa| sundara rUpa meM naI sajjA ke sAtha isa prakAra prakAzita sAhajI ne vyApAra ke kArya ko khUba bddh'aayaa| aneka karAye jo pahale kabhI nahIM hue the| phaikTariyoM, vyApArika sasthAno, vividha udyogo ko itane jo gratha prakAzita hae ve prAbhyantara viSaya kI dRSTi kaMce darje para le jAnA unakI pratibhA kA utkRSTa namanA se aura bAhya sajjA kI dRSTi se nayanAbhirAma, nAya thaa| jabaki mAja ke samaya me mAlika majadUroM ke saMgharSa aura advitIya the jinakI sabhI sarasvatI pAda sejiyoM nirantara calate rahate hai, hajAroM kAmagAroM se kAma lenA, ne mukta kaMTha se prazasA kI aura dUsaro ke lie unakA unheM satuSTa karanA aura apane vANijya kA sarvatomukhI anukaraNa karane kI preraNA dii| isI sasthA ke dvArA eka vikAsa karanA unakA vyaktigata camatkAra hI thaa| aimA mahAna kArya hupA jisase deza kI caudaha bhASAmo ke sAre deza meM jitane tIrtha hai, unameM sabase adhika madhya sarvottama prathakAra kA sammAna kiyA gayA bhora prati varSa pradeza meM jaina tIrtha haiN| madhya pradeza aura uttara pradeza ke vAgdevI sarasvatI kI mUrti sahita eka lAkha rupaye kA sava. jisa ilAke ko bandelakhaNDa kahate hai| prAcIna kAla me vahAM zreSTha puraskAra pradAna kiyA gayA, jisake phalasvarUpa bhaneka siMghaI, savAI siMghaI aura zrImaMta dhanika hue jinhoMne sabhI bhASAmoM ke sAhityakAra vividha bhApArUpo maniyo apanI caMcalA lakSmI kA sahI upayoga jinendradeva ke ko eka mAlA me gUthane aura eka-dUsare ke nikaTa bhAkara madiroM ke nirmANa meM lgaayaa| bahuta samaya taka ve dharma prAsmIyatA prakaTa karane lge| isase bhAratIya saMskRti kA paura saMskRti ke kendra bane rhe| jaba gAMvoM kI mora se gaurava bar3hA aura sAhU jI ko dAnazIlatA, digdigAnta zaharoM kI mora grAmINa janatA kA rukha hamA to ve tIrtha vyApinI huI, yadyapi unheM svayaM pAnI prazamA sunane kA upekSita ho ge| phalasvarUpa unakA saundayaM malina ho racamAtra bhI cAva na thA / unhe kAya meM vizvAsa thaa| gayA / dhIre-dhIre ve jIrNa hokara apane astitva ko hI samAja nirmANa ke kArya meM unakI baDI ruci thii| khatare meM DAlane lge| unakA udyama karanA sAmAnya bAta digambara jaina samAja meM jo aneka saMsthAye apane-apane kSetra nahI thI / sAhUjI ne unake darzana kie| unake mana me TIsa me kArya kara rahI thI uname se koI bhI sasthA samasta na haI aura unake uddhAra kA sakalpa unake mana me jAgata hmaa| samAja kA pratinidhitva karane kA dAvA nahI kara sakatI apane mukhya injIniyara ko bhijavAkara una tIrthoM kA thii| aisI paristhiti meM bha. mahAvIra nirvANa mahotsava sarve kiyA gayA aura naye sire se eka suyogya mahAnubhAva kaise saphala ho, isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara digambara jaina ko dekha-rekha me lAkhoM rupaye vyaya karake una tIrthoM kA bha. mahAvIra nirvANa samiti banAI gaI jisake mAdhyama se jIrNoddhAra kiyA gyaa| isI prakAra prahichatra pArzvanAtha vIra nirvANa mahotsava paura dharmacakra pravartana kA atyanta
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________________ 44 varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta gauravazAlI kArya sampanna humA / sAhUjI kI mAntarika icchA dekhA aura unheM jo sujhAva denA thA dete ge| tanasukha thI ki samasta jaina samAja eka jhaDe ke nIce paae| rAyajI samAja ke karmaTha kAryakartA the jinhone vividha umhoMne isa kArya meM prathaka parizrama kiyA aura digambara prakAra se samAja kI sevA kii| sAhUjI ke ve dAhine jaina mahAsamiti kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| hAtha the / saikar3oM kAryakartA, yA jinhe unase protsAhana mahAsamiti kA dAyitva bahuta bar3A hai| usake dvArA milatA thA unake binA prabhAva kA anubhava karane lge| praSika kAma ho, sabhI kI prAntarika prernn| isa bAta meM sAhajI me prAtma-kalyANa kI mahatI bhAvanA hai| isake kAryakartAmoM kA dhyAna ekAMgI na ho; unakI jaagii| ve kaI bAra muni zrI zAnti sAgara jI sarvAGgINa buSTi ho| yadyapi rAjanaitika adhikAra hama mahArAja ke pAsa darzanArtha pahuMce aura dIkSA pAlaga se nahIM cAhate, para itanA avazya cAhate haiM ki hamArI grahaNa karane kI abhilASA prakaTa kii| prAcIna kAla dhArmika saMskatike vikAsa meM kisI prakAra kI bAghA na me amoghavarSa jaise pratApI rAjA rAjyasyAga kara dIkSA prAe / samasta jaina zikSaNa saMsthAno me dharma zikSA dI aMgIkAra karate aura svapara kalyANa meM dattacitta rahate the| jAtoyoM ko surakSA ho| AsapAsa kA vAtAvaraNa unake dvArA jaina zAsana kI mahatI prabhAvanA hone vAlI ahiMsAtmaka banA rahe isI prakAra jaina samAja bhArata ke gAva. thii| sAhajI ke mana me bhogoM se udAso aura prAtmoddhAra gAMva meM phailA hai| hamArA unakA samparka TUTa gayA na to| kI tIvra mAkAMkSA balavatI huii| ve jAnate the ki hamAre unheM kendra se prakAza milatA hai aura na unakI kaThinAiyo pUrvaja RSiyo ne jo jJAnanidhi hame saupI hai, kucha loga aura samasyAmoM ko hala karane kI samasyA hama mila baiTha usase na to svayaM lAbha uThAte hai paurana dUsaroM ko uThAne dete kara salajhAte hai| isalie dUrI bar3hatI jAtI hai aura mAmI- hai; kyo na mai vIra zAsana ke sarvodaya siddhAnto kA adhika patA kama hotI jAtI hai| prataH prAvazyaka hai ki prAnto me se adhika pracAra karU / ve asvastha ho gae / sara gagArAma dAsamiti ke kAryAlaya ho aura katipaya vidvAna upadezaka hAspiTala meM jaba unheM dekhane gayA to unakI zArIrika kase jAyeM jo deza kI dharmaprANa janatA meM dhArmika sthiti acchI na thii| cikitsA cala rahI thii| paranta netm zAtakoian Hi durbhAgya eva kAla ke Rra hAtho se samAja kI anupama nidhi dene kI vyavasthA prAdi kAryoM meM ruci jgaaveN| mizanarI Dhaga se yuvako ko kArya karane kI preraNA deN| sAhajI isa ve sacce arthoM meM bhAmAzAha the| unakI jitanI bAta se atyadhika khinna the ki navayuvako me ujjvala prazaMsA kI jAya thor3I hai| aisI divya vibhatiyAM kabhIsaMskAra kama hote jAte hai| uname kisa prakAra caritra kabhI avatarita hotI hai jinake mana me yaha bhAvanA hotI nirmANa kI suruci jAgRta ho, yaha kArya uttama zailI se dI gaI dharma zikSA se hI sambhava hai| na tana sevA na mana sevA, na jIvana aura dhana sevA / uname apane kAryakartAmo ke prati bar3A sneha thaa| ve mujhe hai iSTa jana sevA, sadA saccI bhuvana sevaa|| mujha hai| zrI tanasukharAya smRti gratha samiti ke adhyakSa the aura maiM . hame vizvAsa hai ki unake putra ratna unake padacihnoM para cleNge| usakA saMyojaka / unhone sAre lekha maMgavAkara eka-eka lekha pADava nagara, paTapar3agaja, dillI 000 lUTa lI gii|
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________________ yuga ke bhAmAzAha 0 zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja', jAvarA yuga ke bhAmAzAha eka tuma, sAha zAnti prasAda / deza tathA samAja yaha kaha kara, tumhe karegA yAda / nobala puraskAra se kucha kama, prartha bhAvamaya nAda / jJAnapITha kA puraskAra saca, mAnavatA kA vAda / satya ramApati saphala hae tuma, kara nidhi kA upyog| lakSmI-sarasvatI kA tuma meM, thA maNi-kAMcana yoga / / zrImAnoM pro vidvAnoM ke, kendravindu tuma zAnti / sAmAjika pro dhArmika mAnava, kendravindu tuma zAnti / / jIvana ke utthAna-patana meM, rakhA na harSa-viSAda / eka maMca, dhvaja, pratIka, pAgama, lekara bane prasAda / / janagaNa mana ke mAne anupama, anabhiSikta samrAT / saMsati-jIvana-kRtitva terA, thA bahumUlya virATa / / vyApArI vidvAn neka tuma, karake nahIM vivAda / jijJAsU bana satya zodhate, karane dharma-ninAda / / jaina dharma jana dharma bane mo, zramaNa saMskRti-bhAva / bhale jaga-jana RjanAla, bhava-bhramaNa-saMskRti-gava / laukika hokara satya alaukika, anapama amita lalAma / kArya-saMsthAnoM se ravi-zazi, sadaza amara sunAma / / tere jIvana ko gAthA kA, jo suna le savAda / nirabhimAna he paropakArI ! par3ha bhUle avasAda / / sAhasa-zorya buddhi-vidhA le, matizaya parama udAra . apane jIvana se sikhalAyA, sukhada samAja-sudhAra // jana jagata ke anupama rAjA, kie sahasroM kAma / zraddhAMjali lo kaheM sahasroM, zata-zata bAra praNAma // mara kara bhI tuma amara ho gae, sAha zAnti prasAda / apane yaza-zarIra se jIvita, sAhU zAntiprasAda / / bajAja khAnA, jAvarA (ma0pra0)
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________________ sarasvatI ke pujArI zrI batI rUpavato 'kiraNa', jaulapura sarasvatI kA ekaniSTha ananya pujArI anAyAsa so koI bhI kSetra unakI sevAmoM se achUtA na raha sakA / gayA, yaha sunakara mastiSka meM kSaNa bhara ko yaha prazna kauMdha unake sAtha unakI sahadharmiNI caturmakhI pratibhAzAlinI gayA ki prAjIvana sakriya rahane vAle jAgarUka vyakti ko ramA jI kA vyaktitva bhI saMpUrNataH unhI meM vilaya ho nidrA kaise mA gaI ? tatkSaNa tathya ujAgara ho gayA ki yaha ekAkAra ho gayA thaa| aisA maNi-kAcana sayoga birale hI nidrA nahIM cira nidrA hai, jo aba kabhI nahI khulegii| daMpatiyoM ko prApta hotA hai| sRSTi kA aTala niyama hai / jo pAtA hai, vaha jAtA hai| janma dravyAbhAva ke kAraNa vipanna parivAroM kI pratibhAeM ke sAtha hI prANI maraNa kI pora paira bar3hA detA hai, anajAne kuNThita ho vikasita huye binA hI naSTa ho jAtI haiN| yaha hii| saMsAra hI parivartanazIla asthira hai to usameM prArUtu vyaktigata vinAza nahI, apitu samAja kA patana hai| isase yAtrI kaise sthira raha sakatA hai ? yaha asthiratA bhI usa mAnavatA kA apakarSa hotA hai| aisA anubhava karate huye jvalaMta satya ko udghaTita karatI hai, jo prAja taka eka unhoMne chAtravRttiyoM dene ke liye tatkAla TrasTa sthApita mabUjhI pahelI banA huprA hai / saMsAra yAtrA kA sAthI zarIra kara isa mahat prabhAva kI pUrti kI, jisase hajAroM nazvara hai| sthiti samApta hote hI vaha piMDa brahmANDa meM vidyArthI prazikSita huye paura ho rahe haiN| icchuka zikSitoM bikhara jAtA hai, paraMtu prAtmA yathAvata hai| zarIra ke milane ko sAhU udyogoM meM niyukta kara prAjIvikA kI vibhISikA se vaha na adhika hotA hai, na bichaDane se nyUnatA pAtI hai| se bhI vimukta kara diyaa| paha thA unakA samAja-prema / pratyakSataH aneka zarIra jINaM hote tathA mRtyu ko prApta isIliye ve samAja ke prANa svarUpa the| jJAna dAna kI hote dekhe jAte haiN| una zarIroM meM zrImAn dhImAna Adi mahattA ko unhone yathArthata. prAkA thaa| koI bhI saMjJA dhAraNa karane vAlI prAtmAe~ vidyamAna rahI jJAnapITha, kAzI sasthAna kI sasthApanA kara lupta ho hoM, kintu sabhI zarIra kAladharma se prachate raha cirasthAyI rahe bhaneka anupalabdha prAcIna graMthoM kA evaM lokopakArI nahIM huye / jo isa bhedavijJAna ko prAtmasAt kara letA hai, pariSkRta maulika sAhitya kA prakAzana kara ve sarvasAdhAraNa vaha prAtmA isa pAvAgamana ke cakra se mukta ho jAtA hai| ko sulabha kiye / jaina kulotpanna hone se jaina sAhitya, darzana ve hI pUjya evaM anukaraNIya haiM, paraMtu mukta hone ke pUrva jo ke prati svabhAvataH prAkarSita the hI; para bhAratIya bhASAeM yAtrI apane mAnava jIvana kI laghutama yAtrA zubha bhAva va bhI unhe priya thii| phalata: jJAnapITha, kAzI ke mAdhyama se zubha kAryoM ke dvArA saphala kara lete hai, ve dhanya hai| aise sAhityakAroM ko unakI savocca sRjanAtmaka sAhityika bhAgyavAnoM meM the svanAmadhanya zrAbaka ziromaNi sAhU zAti kRti para unake sammAnArtha, vizvavikhyAta nobala puraskAra prasAda jii| kI bhAMti mApane bhI pratIkAtmaka eka lAkha rupaye puraskAra sAhU jI deza ke jAne-mAne mahAn udyogapati the hI, svarUpa dene kI ghoSaNA kara, bhArata me navIna paramparA kA paraMtu sabhI kSetroM meM unakA adhikAra thA / ve una zrImAnoM sUtrapAta kiyaa| isa yojanA ke aMtargata prativarSa vividha meM se nahIM the jo apanI prAMkheM va buddhi ko giravI rakhakara bhASAbhASI sarasvatI-putro kA sammAna kiyA jA cukA hai| kevala kAnoM se hI kArya lete haiN| ve kArya karane ke pUrva use isa yojanA kI prAdhArazilA itanI sudRr3ha hai ki bhaviSya bhalI prakAra buddhi kI kasauTI para kasakara kriyAnvita karate the meM bhI binA kisI vyavadhAna ke sucArurUpeNa sAkAra hotI ve lakSmIpati hokara bhI pAjIvana sarasvatI ke pujArI rhe| rhegii| unheM donoM kA samAna rUpa se varadAna prApta thaa| ataeva jJAnapITha kI bhAMti prApake dvArA saMsthApita sAha jaina apane jIvana meM unhoMne sAmAjika, dhArmika mAdi sabhI TrasTa, sAhU jaina cerITebala sosAyaTI prAdi aneka saMsthAeM kSetroM ko tana-mana-dhana se pUrva sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| haiM, jo prApake kuzala saMcAlana meM kAryarata rhii| inake dvAra
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________________ sastIpupArI sAmAjika kSetra meM bahaprazaMsita kArya pragatimAna haiN| vaizAlI saralatA thI ki aparicita vyakti bhI prathama milana meM hI prAkRta jaina dharma evaM pahisA zodha saMsthAna bhI mApake pracura mugdha huye binA na rahate the| anudAna se abhibhUta huye haiN| mAja ke katipaya vidvAnoM ke kAraNa samAja meM jo sAhajI UrjasvI vicAravAn vyakti the| unakI vighaTana cala rahA hai, usase ve atyaMta vyathita the| antima bhAratIya saMskRti meM bhI advitIya abhiruci thii| jaina dharma samaya taka khAI ko pATane meM lage rhe| nainavA kANDa ne to ke upAsaka hone ke nAte jaina tIrthoM ke prati unakI agAdha unake mana-mastiSka ko jhiMjhor3a kara rakha diyaa| jinavANI bhakti thii| usa maughar3a dAnI ne navIna maMdiro kA nirmANa kA apamAna eka jaina aura vaha bhI paMDita sajJAdhArI vyakti na karAkara, bhArata ke adhikAMza tIrthoM kA jIrNoddhAra kara ke dvArA ho to vaha aura bhI adhika zocanIya ho jAtA una dAniyoM ke samakSa prAdarza upasthita kiyA, jo yaza- hai| yaha aisI ghaTanA thI, jisane jaina jagat meM kSobha utpanna prApti hetu yatheSTa pAtratA para dhyAna nahIM dete| bahumukhI kara halacala macA dii| unheM bhI pasahya honA svAbhAvika pratibhA ke dhanI sAhajI ne jo bhI kadama uThAyA, soca hI thaa| bhAva vihvala ho unhone prazrupUrNa nayano se kaDe samajhakara vivekapUrvaka utthaayaa| isIliye sabhI kArya Thosa zabdo me bhatrsanA kI thii| mAM jinavANI kA visarjana, hathe, satahI nhii| unakI kAryakSamatA evaM sUjhabUjha maThI dahana karane jaise ghRNita kukarma sunakara kisa dharmapremI thii| kalyANecchuka kA hRdaya na ro par3egA? jinavANI kA pranAbhagavAna mahAvIra ke paccIsasauveM nirvANa mahotsava ke dara paMca parameSThI kA, kiMvA svayaM prAtmaprabhu kA hI anAdara kAryakramoM ko gaphala banAne ke liye prApane bhArata bhara kI kaI bAra yAtrA kara samAja meM jAgaraNa kA maMtra phUMka isa samaya unakI nitAnta prAvazyakatA thii| unakI anokhI cetanA jgaaii| prApake vyaktitva se prabhAvita ho upasthiti kadAcit samAja ko eka sUtra meM bAMdhane meM samartha jaina samAja ke cAro sampradAyoM kI pora meM gaThita bhagavAna ho sakatI thii| unase samAja ko bahuta bahuta pAzAeM thI, mahAvIra paccIsasauvA nirvANa mahotsava samiti ne prApako para krUra kAla kI gati avaruddha karane kI kSamatA kisameM kAryAdhyakSa manonIta kiyaa| prApakA sarvottama guNa yaha thA hai ? usane pratyaMta nirmamatA se asamaya meM hI samAja kA ki pApa vRddho jaisA anubhavapUrNa gAmbhIrya thA to taruNoM kalpavRkSa, cintAmaNiratna-sA puruSa-pArasa hamase chIna jaisA kArya karane me adamya utsAha bhI thA / pariNAmasvarUpa liyaa| unhone adhyakSa pada kI garimA mahimA kA mUlyAMkana kara ve apane jIvana meM hI yazasvI huye| deza ke kone-kone apane uttaradAyitva kA samucita nirvAha kiyaa| meM unakI yazapatAkA phaharA rahI hai| sAhU zAti prasAda jI samAja ne jahA~ bhI prApako prAmaMtrita kiyA, vahA~ kA jIvana samAja ko prAdarzasvarUpa hai| isaliye nahI ki jAkara prApane apanI bahumUlya sevAeM arpita kii| kisI ve samRddhizAlI the, pratyuta ve kartavyaniSTha sarala hRdaya lagana bhI prAta yA nagara kA jaina samAja unakA sauhArdrapA parama zIla samAja ke vinamra sevaka the| samAja sevA kA vrata prAhlAdina ho apanA mahobhAgya mAnatA thaa| prApakI upa- unhoMne prAjIvana nibaahaa| sthiti meM samAja ke varSoM se pravaruddha kArya apratyAzita yaha dukhada satya hai ki samAja eka mahAna zubhaciMtaka gati se agrasara hone lagate the| yaha atizayokti na hogI ke netRtva se sadaiva ke liye vaMcita ho gyaa| yadyapi unakA ki prApa vartamAna yuga me samAja ke pramukha karNadhAra the| pArthiva zarIra hamAre bIca nahI hai, tathApi unake mahatvapUrNa aneka vivAdagrasta viSaya mApane nipaTAye / kArya unake jIvaMta smAraka ke rUpa meM sadaiva rahege evaM padaprApa pUjIpatiyoM meM apane haMsamukha milanasAra aura kSIra. pada para yugo-yugoM taka ve unakA smaraNa karAte rhege| nIra vivakI svabhAva ke kAraNa prapavAda svarUpa the / prApane sAhUjI ke prati apanI zraddhAMjali arpita karate huye isa ukti ko caritArtha kara diyA thA ki jaise patra-puSpa- sAha parivAra ke prati hArdika savedanA vyakta karatI huuN| phaloM se samRddha vRkSa sahaja hI jhuka jAte haiM, usI prakAra jaina jagata ko unake uttarAdhikAriyoM se bhI prAzA hI bhautika vibhUti ke sAtha guNasampannatA se yukta prApa nahIM varana pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki ve unake dvArA prAraMbha kiye prakRtataH vizeSa namrIbhUta the| pApame kucha aisI vilakSaNa gaye racanAtmaka kAryoM ko bhaviSya meM bhI avirata rkheNge|
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________________ dAnavIra zrAvaka ziromaNi - zrImahendra kumAra jaina, dillI sarala svabhAvo, dharmaniSTha, samAjasevI, nirabhimAnI, meM praveza kiyaa| vahAM se phira prAgarA vizvavidyAlaya meM prA rASTrasevo, antarrASTrIya khyAtiprApta udyogapati, dAnavIra, gaye / prAgarA vizvavidyAlaya se vI00 prathama zreNI meM pAsa zrAvaka ziromaNi, sAha zAnti prasAda jaina kA bhArata kI kiyA / bastataH prApa sAda jana kA bhArata ko kiyA / vastutaH prApakA samUcA vidyArthI jIvana prathama zreNI rAjadhAnI dillI me gata varSa bRhaspativAra, dinAMka 27 kA rahA aura yaha vevana adhyayana aura jJAnopArjana kI daSTi akTabara, 1977 ko prAta: 11 baje dehAvasAna huA thaa| se hI nahI varana anya dapTiyo sa bhI ullekhanIya thaa| unameM samAja sevA, rASTra sevA, sAhitya va saMskRti ke kSetra aura ve sabhI sadaguNa aura sadatiyA vikasita huI jo saphalatA hokSaNika, praudyogika evaM patrakAritA jagat zokAkula ho ke zikhara taka pahuMcane ke lie prAvazyaka hai / uThA / suhAsya, saumya mudrA meM vikasita, sAdagI, milana- udyoga ke kSetra me grApane tIsare dazaka meM padArpaNa kiyA sAritA, saralatA, saujanya, prAtithyazIlatA, gumbhakti, thA aura prArambha se hI apanI daSTi isa prora kedrita kI lokapriyatA, dharmaniSThA evaM ekatA ke pratIka sAhU zAnti ki na kevala deza ke udyoga-vyavasAya kA vikAma paura prasAda jaina ke nidhana se prAdhAra-stambha TUTa gyaa| isase abhivarddhana ho, balki saMcAlana praNAliyoM me bhI naye se samAja ko hI nahI apita rASTra ko bar3I kSati pahuMcI naye prAvidhika rUpoM kA kriyAnvayana ho| isake liye prApane jisakI pUrti honA sambhava nahI hai| zukravAra, dinAMka 27 svayaM vibhinna prAdhunika paddhatiyoM kA gambhIra adhyayana akTUbara, 1978 kA divama unakI prathama puNya tithi kA kiyA tathA vividha viSaya-kSetroM meM nirantara gaveSaNAeM avasara hai / hama sabakA kartavya hai ki hama unakA smaraNa kraaii| prartha zAstra aura vittIya siddhAntoM paura paddhatiyo kare, unake dvArA pAlokita mArga kA anukaraNa kareM, tathA kA pApakA bar3A vyApaka aura vizeSa adhyayana thaa| pratyeka puNya tithi ko upakRta bhAva se mnaayeN| viSaya se sambaddha prAMkar3o eva vivaraNa kI jAnakArI isa zrI zAnti prasAda jI kI preraNA va mArga darzana se prakAra hRdayaMgama thI ki vaha deza-videza ke prAdhika mAmaloM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA 2500 vAM nirvANa mahotsava rASTra va ke tathyoM ko pUre pariprekSya me dekha kara sahI niSkarSa nikAlate antarASTrIya stara para vyApaka saphalatA se sampanna humaa| the aura apanI pratibhA se sabako cakita kara dete the| unake sakriya prayatna ke kAraNa samagra samAja meM isa maho- vizeSa rUpa se, bhAratIya udyama aura bhAratIya kSamatA ke tsava varSa meM ekatA sthApita huii| prati prApa apane praudyogika jIvana ke prArambha se hI atyanta utara pradeza ke antargata najIbAbAda ke purAne gharAno prAsthAvAn rhe| meM sAhU jaina gharAnA bahuta pratiSThita rahA hai| zAnti sAhU sAhaba ne apane ina uddezyoM kI pUrti ko lakSya meM prasAda jI kA janma isI nagara pora gharAne me san 1911 rakhate hue AvazyakatA ke anurUpa anyAnya dezoM kA bhramaName humA thaa| unake pitAmaha sAhU salekhacanda jaina, pitA paryaTana bhI kiyaa| sarva prathama 1935 meM ve Daca IsTa iNDIja zrI dIvAnacanda jI aura mAtA mUrtidevI jana-jana me gae. phira 1945 meM mAsTraliyA aura 1954 meM soviyata zraddheya the| rUsa / ye tInoM yAtrAeM unhoMne bhAratIya praudyogika pratiApakI prArambhika zikSA najIbAbAda zikSA kendroM meM nidhi ke rUpa meM kI thIM aura pariNAmoM kI dRSTi se vaha hii| hAI skUla karane ke bAda mApane kAzI vizvavidyAlaya atyanta ullekhanIya mAnI jAtI haiN| viTema, amarIkA
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________________ dAnavIra bhAvaka ziromaNi 49 jarmanI tathA anya yaropIya dezoM kA bhI prApane paribhramaNa prathama samiti gaThita kI thI umame prApa deza ke taruNa praudyokiyA aura anubhavoM ke samAveza dvArA sAhU jaina udyogo gika pratinidhitva rhe| ko adhikAdhika samRddha kiyaa| sAha samhana ko bhAratIya dharma-darzana aura itihAsa sacamuca jima mahajatA ke sAtha udyoga evaM vyavasAya tathA sAMskRtika viSayoM ke adhyayana me bhI pAntarika ke kSetra meM sAha jI ne saphalatA prApta kI, vaha unakI svA. abhiruci thii| bhAratIya kalA eva purAtatva ke kSetra me bhAvagata pratibhA aura bUjhabUjha, maMgaThana-kSamatA tathA pradhyava bhI ve sarvAdhika carcA kiyA karate the / dhArmika zraddhA meM sAya aura sahanazIlatA kI sammilita dena hai| pichale laga- vaha aDiga the| bhAratIya bhASAmoM evaM sAhitya ke vikAsabhaga 45 varSoM meM prApane vibhinna prakAra aura prakRti ke unnayana kI dizA meM prApakA ati viziSTa yAgadAna udyoga-dhandhoM ko eka suvistRta zreNI kI sthApanA evaM rahA / pApake dvArA san 1944 meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI maMcAlanA karake deza ke praudyogika vikAsa meM yogadAna saMsthApanA evaM apanI sahamiNI svargIyA zrImatI ramA kiyA va aneka udyogo kA netRtva kiyA / isa zreNI ke jaina ke sAtha usakI kArya-pravRtiyA, vizeSakara usake dvArA antargana jahA eka prora kAgaja, cInI, vanaspati, sImeMTa, pravartita bhAratIya bhASAoM kI sarvazreSTha sRjanAtmaka esabemTasa proDakTama, pATa nirmita vastueM, bhArI rasAyana, sAhityika kRti para prati varSa eka lAkha rupaye kI puraskAra nAiTrojana gvAda, pAvara pralkohala, plAivuDa, sAikila / yojanA kI parikalpanA aura taba taka 11 puraskAroM ke nirmANa, koyale kI khAne, lAiTa relave va injiiniyrg| nirNayoM ko kAryavidhi me anavarata ruci evaM mArgadarzana, varma pAte haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora hindI, aMgrejI, marAThI, unakI dUradagitA evaM kSamatA ke bahu prazAsita pramara pratIka guja gatI ke dainika patra aura sAvadhika patrikA tathA mahatva haiN| jJAnapITha ke atirikta prApane sAhU jaina TramTa, sAhU pUrNa sAskRtika, mAhityika zodha evaM prakAzana ke kArya bhI jaina cairiTebala momAyaTI tathA aneka zikSaNa saMsthAno pAte hai| kI bhI sthApanA kii| prApa vaizAlI prAkRta jaina dharma evaM vigata varSoM meM deza kI vibhinna vyavasAya-saMsthAno ke hiMsA zodha saMsthAna, akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina prApa pradhyakSa rahe hai| inameM pramukha hai : pheDarezana prApha tIrthakSetra kameTI, bambaI, ahiMsA pracAra samiti, kalakattA, iNDiyana cembara grApha kAmarsa, iNDiyana zugara milsa eso- akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina pariSad evaM mAravADI siezana, iNDiyA pepara milma esosiezana, bihAra cembara rilIpha sosAyaTI ke adhyakSa raha cuke the| grApha kAmamaM evaM iNDasTrIja, rAjasthAna cembara grApha kAmarsa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500 veM nirvANa mahotsava ke evaM iNDasTrIja, isTarna yU0pI0 cembara prApha kAmarsa eDa kAryakramoM ko saphala banAne meM prApakA sarvAdhika yogadAna inDasTrIja / cAra varSa taka lagAtAra prApa pAla iNDiyA mArga rahA hai| jaina samAja ke cAro sampradAyoM kI mora se nAijezana prApha iNDasTriyala emplAyarsa ke bhI adhyakSa rahe gaThita bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500 vA nirvANa mahotsava aura isI avadhi meM bhAratIya zrama vyavasAya sambandha niyama mahAsamiti ke pApa kAryAdhyakSa the| bhArata ke sampUrNa banate mamaya prApane udyoga-dhandho kA vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa digambara jaina samAja kI bhora se gaTita pAla iNDiyA upasthita kiyaa| digambara bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500 vAM nirvANa mahotsava apanI viziSTa pratibhA sampannatA tathA vyApaka anubhava sosAyaTI evaM baMgAla pradeza kSetrIya samiti ke adhyakSa ke ke kAraNa sAhUjI deza ke udyoga eva vyavasAya varga dvAga rUpa me prApane deNavyApI sAskRtika cetanA ko jAgata aneka avasaro para sammAnita kiye gye| svargIya paM0 kiyA / bhArata sarakAra dvArA gaThita rASTrIya samiti maura javAharalAla neharU ne deza kI praudyogika pragati kii| bihAra tathA baMgAla kI samitiyo meM bhI prApana mahatvapUrNa vaijJAnika parikalpanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke liye jo (zeSa pRSTha 51 para)
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________________ sarasvatI ke parama upAsaka DA. kastUra caMda kAsalIvAla, jayapura mAha zAntiprasAda jI jaina deza evaM samAja ke una eka bRhad jaina pradarzanI ke avasara para unase meMTa huI thii| TharatoM meM se the jinakI sevAeM sadA avismaraNIya dehalI meM bhI unhoMne pradarzanI ke prAyojana meM pUrI ruci raheMgI tathA jinakA nAma bhaviSya meM udAharaNa ke rUpa meM lA thA tathA vahA pradazita pratyeka vastu kA unhone bArIkI liyA jAtA rhegaa| sAha jI samAja ke gaurava the| unake se pradhyayana kiyA thaa| unhoMne usa samaya jayapara ke prAzraya meM samasta jaina samAja nizcinta thaa| ve eka mahAn prAcIna bhaktAmara stotra kI sacitra pANDalipi ko apanI vyakti the jinake hRdaya meM samAja kA darda chipA huprA thaa| prora se chApane kA prastAva rakhA thA lekina jayapura ke isaliye sAhityika, sAmAjika evaM sAskRtika sabhI gati- mandira ke vyavasthApakoM ne use svIkAra nahI kiyA vidhiyoM ke vikAsa me unakA varada hasta rahatA thaa| vaha bahumUlya grantha prakAzita hone se raha gyaa| samAja meM unakI upasthiti hI kAryakartAmoM meM utsAha jayapura meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI 5 sau meM nirvANa paidA karane ke liye paryApta mAnI jAtI thii| sAhU jI mahotsava kI mITiga me mammilita hone ke liye ve kitanI samasta di. jaina samAja ke eka mAtra pratinidhi the, isa- hI bAra paaye| jayapura meM unakA antima prAgamana unakI liye jisa bhI utsava, mene evaM kAryakrama meM sAhU jI sammi- mRtyu ke kucha hI samaya pahile hapA thaa| ve bhAdrapada mAsa lita ho gaye to aisA mAnA jAtA thA ki mAno pUre samAja meM bApUnagara ke 115Htha jana maNDala dvArA prAyojita kA hI jame samarthana mila gayA ho| yuvA sammelana meM kucha samaya ke liye pAye the aura yuvakoM sAhazAntiprasAda jI jaina ne samAna para 30-40 varSoM ko sAmAjika sevA meM juTa jAne kI preraNA de gaye the| vaha taka eka chatra zAsana kiyaa| unhone samAja ko nayI sambhavataH unakA prantima saMdeza thaa| dizA pradAna kI, kArya karane kI zakti dI tathA saMkaTa ke sAhU jI ko sAritya se kitanA pyAra thA, usake samaya umA jiA prakAra sAtha diyA vaha maba itihAma prakAzana meM unakI kitanI ruci thI, isakA pratyakSa kI prAja pramUlya dharohara ho gayI hai| unake nidhana se udAharaNa unakA bhAratIya jJAnapITha jaise saMsthA kA saMcAlana samAja ne vAstava meM apanA bahumUlya ratna kho diyA hai hai| unhone saikaDo jaina grantho ke uddhAra kara mahAna paNa jisakI pUrti nikaTa bhaviSya me sambhava nahIM lgtii| yadi prajana kiyA / ve jIvana bhara jinavANI ke prakAzana evaM sAmAjika itihAsa ke pRSThoM ko khola kara dekhA jAe to usake pracAra-prasAra meM samarpina rahe / vAstava me gata hame mAlUma paDegA ki aisA udArahRdaya samAjasevI vyakti saMkaDo varSoM me una jaMmA jinavANI kA pracAraka nahI gata saMkar3oM varSoM me nahI humaa| humaa| sAhU jI se merI prama bheMTa kalakattA mahAnagarI meM unhoMne bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke mAdhyama se hI sAhitya benaganchiyA me prAyojita jaina sAhitya evaM kalA pradarzanI sevA nahIM kI kintu anya prakAzana saMsthAnoM ko bhI unhoMne meM koI 28 30 varSa pUrva huI thii| usa samaya unhone jisa khUba prArthika sahAyatA dI hai / vIra sevA mandira dvArA tanmayatA se jana pratho me ruci lI thI tathA apane bhASaNa prakAzita jaina lakSNAvalI ke prakAzana meM bhI unakA paryApta me unake mahatva para prakAza DAlA thA, usase mere mana para mArthika yogadAna rhaa| maiMne svayaM ne samasta hindI jaina gaharI chApa par3I thii| usake pazcAta dehalI me prAyojita sAhitya ke prakAzana ke liye jayapura meM jaba zrI mahAvIra
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________________ sarasvatI ke parama upAsaka grantha akAdamI kI sthApanA kI tathA usakI yojanA evaM kA eka bAra hI nahIM, kitanI hI bAra daurA kiyA tathA niyama jaba sAha jI ko bheje aura unase saMsthA kA saMrakSaka garIba se lekara amIra taka jana sevA ke bhAva-bhare, vaha saba banane ke liye nivedana kiyA to unhoMne sAhitya prakAzana unake mahAn vyaktitva kA paricAyaka hai| jayapura meM prAyokI yojanA kI prazaMsA karate hae tatkAla usakA saMrakSaka jita eka sabhA me ve itane dravIbhUta ho gaye ki sArI sabhA bananA svIkAra kara liyaa| isaliye patA nahI unhoMne ke hI prAMsU baha nikale the| kitanI prakAzana saMsthAnoM ko jaina sAhitya ke pracAra prasAra me yoga diyaa| sAhU jI purAtatva ke premI the| prAcIna mandiroM ke jaina sAhitya evaM jaina samAja kI sevA ke liye unake jIrNoddhAra meM unhoMne vizeSa ruci lii| dakSiNa bhArata hRdaya meM gahare bhAva the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 25002 evaM budelakhaNDa ke kitane hI mandiro kA unhone jIrNoddhAra karavA kara mandiroM ko kalA evaM sampatti ko naSTa hone nirvANa mahotsava kA jisa kuzalatA evaM sajagatA se bacA liyaa| me saMcAlana kiyA tathA samasta jaina samAja ko ekasUtra me bAMdhane kA jo prazasanIya kArya kiyA vaha sAhajI jaise sAhU jI ke kAryoM kA varNana karane ke liye kisI eka vyakti se hI sambhava thA aura vaha saba unake varSoM ko bar3e grantha kI prAvazyakatA hai jisameM unake janma se lekara sAdhanA kA phala thA / svAsthya kharAba hone evaM dharmapatnI mRtyu paryata usake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para sAgopAga zrImatI ramA jI kA viyoga hone para bhI unhone jisa varNana rhe| tabhI jAkara hama unake pUre kAryoM se samAja asAdhAraNa sAhasa evaM sUjhabUjha se kAma liyA, sAre deza ko evaM prAge pAne vAlI pIr3hI ko paricita karA skeNge| D00 (pRSTha 49 kA zeSAza) padoM kA dAyitva tanmayatA se sambhAlA / nirvANa mahotsava kiyaa| antima kSaNo me sAha jI ke pariNAma itane nirmala ke bahumukhI kAryakramoM ko mApane cintana, utsAhapUrNa ho gaye the ki unhone apane putra zrI azoka kumAra jaina se netRtva aura mukhara zraddhA ke pratyakSa prabhAva se upalabdhiyoM icchA vyakta kI thI ki ve svastha hone ke uparAnta kA jo varadAna diyA, vaha jaina samAja ke itihAsa me hastinApura me munizrI zAnti sAgara jI mahArAja ke prabismaraNIya rhegaa| nirdezana me zeSa jIvana vyatIta kreNge| mahArAjazrI jaba digambara jaina samAja kI utkaTa prAkAMkSA ke anurUpa jaisI dIkSA ucita samajhege de dege| prAja unake ve zabda prApane akhila bhAratIya stara para digambara jaina samAja ke hama phira sunane ke lie kitane prAtura hai / hame cAhie ki eka maMca 'digambara jaina mahAsamiti' ke gaThana kA nirNaya hama unakI isa puNya tithi ko sAkAra karane ke liye, kara digambara jaina mahAsamiti kI sthApanA kii| usake unake dvArA nirdezita kAryakrama ko pUga va rane ke liye saMsthApaka adhyakSa kA dAyitva vahana kiyA tathA pagapaga para digambara jaina sahAsamiti ko saMgaThita rUpa de, use saba samAja kA mArga darzana kiyaa| prakAra se samartha maura kriyAzIla banAye / samAja ne apanI zraddhA svarUpa prApako 'dAnavIra" epha 94, javAhara pArka vesTa tathA "zrAvakaziromaNi'' kI upAdhiyo se sammAnita lakSmInagara, dillI-110092 DDD
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________________ prAdhunika khAravela 0 zrI bizana canda jaina, zikArapura zrI sAha zAnti prasAda jI jaina se merA bahuta suparicaya u0 pra0 me eka aise pratiSThita jaina parivAra meM huaA thA jo thaa| jisa samaya maiM san 1920 me lagabhaga 35 varSa taka deza kI bhalAI aura apanI udAratA ke liye vikhyAta thaa| barAbara "jaina mitra maMDala dehalI" kA sabhAmad va ve zrI sAhU dIvAnacanda jI jaina ke tejasvI va honahAra putra maMtrI raha kara hara prakAra se deza-videzoM meM jaina dharma the| unakI mAtA kA nAma zrImatI mUrti devI thaa| sAha pracAra kA kArya kara rahA thA va bhA0 di. jaina paripada zAntiprasAda jI jaina ne najIbAbAda meM apanI zurU kI prAdi anya jaina saMsthAnoM kA bhI sabhAsada aura maMtrI zikSA pUrI karane ke bAda AgarA vizvavidyAlaya se raha kara dhArmika aura sAmAjika kArya kara rahA thA, bI0 esa-sI0 kI parIkSA prathama zreNI me pAsa kara unhone usa samaya riTAyara hone ke bAda dinAMka 14 maI, 1959 sAhityika, dhArmika grAdi pustakoM kA adhyayana kara yogyatA ko sAhajI ke daphtara "sAhU sImeTa saravisez2a, naI dehalI' prApta kii| unhone apanI sUjha-bUjha se vyApAra meM unnati meM mujhe provarasiyara ke pada para niyukta kiyA gayA aura karane ke vicAra se vikasita dezoM kA daurA kiyaa| vahA~ dinAka 5 navambara, 1959 meM mArca, 1969 (10 varSa) taka jAkara unhoMne bhArata meM bikane vAlI cIjoM tathA vahA~ kI sAhU jI kI pora se ma0pra0, u0 pra0 aura rAjasthAna cInI, kAgaja, vanaspati, paTasana, rasAyana, khAda, sImeTa ke kucha prAcIna di jena tIrthakSetro ke madiro ke jIrNoddhAra prAdi kI phaikTriyoM kA bhI adhyayana kiyaa| bhArata me ke kAryoM tathA "sAha jaina saMgrahAlaya" prAdi ke nimaHNa pAkara unhoMne apanI sUjhabUbha. se bhArata ke kucha zaharo me kArya ko, naI dehalo me 6 saradAra paTela roDa para sAhanI rohatAsa iMDasTrIja, jUTa milsa, sAhU kemikala, ramAyana kI koThI aura najIbAbAda me sAhUjI ke bhavana ke nirmANa khAda, zrI kRSNA jJAna udaya, cInI, azoka sImeTa, azoka prAdi ke kAryoM ko apanI dekharekha meM karAtA rahA / ma sTIla, dI jayapura udyoga li0, bagAla koTa sImeMTa, kAraNa sAhU jI ke prati merI aura adhika jAnakArI bar3ha gaI, kolAIja kampanI nAma kI phaikTriyo kA nirmANa kiyA praura unase merA barAbara patra-vyavahAra hotA rahatA thaa| aura unake dvArA cIjeM taiyAra karA-karA kara unako mArkITa zrI sAha zAnti prasAda jI jaina eka mAne hue nAgI- me pahuMcAyA tathA isa prakAra vipula dhana paidA kiyA, jisase girAmI, bhAratavarSa kI di. jaina samAja ke dhArmika vyakti vaha udyogapati bar3e bane / yaha koI mAmUlI kAma na thA the| ve jainiyo ke saratAja the| unakA 66 varSa kI Ayu hara eka vyakti ke bUte kA vAma na thaa| isase unhone meM tA0 22 aktUbara, 1977 (guruvAra) ko naI dehalI meM apane ko aura apane parivAra ko UMcA uThAte hue apanA isa nAzavAna saMsAra se nidhana ho gayA / jisa samaya unake aura apane purukhoM kA nAma saMsAra meM rozana kiyaa| nidhana ke samAcAra samAcAra patroM (agya vAroM) me paDhe / ye, khAravela apanI mUjha-bUjha se unnati karate-karate mahAsaMsAra ke kone-kone me zoka kI lahare phaila gaI / hRdaya ko rAjA khAravela kI padavI prApta kara garIba paravara, dayAlu pratyanta duHkha hamA aura unake prema tathA unake kAryoM kI kahalAye tathA apanI 35 hajAra senA prAdi kI takalIpho barAbara yAda mAtI rahI / sthAna-sthAnapara unake nidhana para kA dhyAna rakhate huye unakI sahAyatA karate rahe aura navInazoka sabhAye hone lgii| navIna madiro ke nirmANa karAne kI apekSA ve purAne unakA janma sana 1911 I. me najIvAvAda (vijanora) purakho ke nirmANa karAye huye prAcIna madiro ke jIrNo
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________________ prAthamika vAravela bAra ke kAryoM ko karAne me adhika dharma-puNya mAnate the| nemanAtha kI bArAta (u0 pra0) pora bUDhI caMderI, golAisase purakho ke banAye huye prAcIna maMdira va prAcIna kalA koTa (ma.pra.) ke maMdiro se barAbara mUrtiyAM va mUrtiyo saikar3oM hajAroM varSoM taka surakSita raha sake aura prAne ke sira kATa kATa kara cora le jAte rhe| vAlI pIDhI unake darzana kara, jJAna prApta kara jaina dharma kI isa ghaTanA kI sUcanA san 1958 me milii| taba bhArataunnati karatI huI use UMcA uThA skii| isI prakAra, zrI varSa kI jaina samAja meM sarvatra kSobha phaila gayA aura yaha bhI sAha zAMti prasAda jI jaina bhI inhI vicArA ke ghAAmaka mAlUma humA ki eka varga kucha varSoM se ina kSetro me prApta bhakti the / vedAnI, samAja sevaka, sacce premI, garIba jina matiyo kI mandara kalA ke kAraNa unake si paravara, udAra hRdaya, saba matoM ke prati prAdarabhAvI dharmAtmA kATa kara videziyoM ko becakara acchI dhanarAzi prApta kara the / unhe apane dhana kA mAna na thaa| balki ye mAna rahA hai aura usane isa kArya ko apanA vyApAra banA liyA hajAroM kI saMkhyA me karmacAriyo ko prasanna rakhanerA hai| san 1959 I0 me akhila bhAratIya jaina kanavenzana kI dhyAna rakhate the / sAhU jI sudhAraka vicAro ke the ! kADha gaI jisake dvArA bhArata, madhya pradeza va uttara pradeza saravAdI na the| ve bhA0 varSa0 di0 jaina pariSada ke hAmI kAroM se anurodha kiyA gayA ki ve ina dukhada ghaTanAmoM ko (sahayogI) the| bahuta-sI jaina saMsthAno ke saMrakSaka va roke tathA aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa deN| kanavenzana ke sabhApati adhyakSa the| unhone najIbAbAda meM sAha jaina kAleja, udyogapati sAhU zAMti prasAda jI jaina ne isa ghaTanA ko muti devI sarasvatI iTara kAleja aura "mUti devI dekhate huye uparokta prAto ke prAcIna tIrthakSetroM ke maMdiroM kanyA iMTara kAleja kI sthApanA kI, jisase unakA nAma ke jIrNodvAra ke kAryoM ke vAste tIna lAkha (3,00,000) amara rhegaa| sAhUjI bhI mahArAjA khAravelakI bhAtinavIna rupae kI dhanarAzi dene kI ghoSaNA kI, tathA jaina purAtatva navIna maMdiro ke nirmANa karAne kI apekSA prAcIna di0 kameTI sthApita kI gaI aura yaha nizcaya kiyA gayA ki isa jaina tIrthakSetro prAdi ke madiro ke jIrNodvAra ke kAryoM ke dravya se zrI rAjendra kumAra jaina kI dekharekha meM kSetroM ke vAste dAna dene meM adhika dharma va puNya mAnate the| jIrNoddhAra kA kArya karAyA jAye tathA mUrtiyoM kI surakSA aneka vyakti prAcIna madiro ke hote haye bhI usI kA bhI kiyA jaaye| vaar, sthAnapara gajaratha ko prathA ko lekara lAkho rupayA vyaya dhAnA). ma0pra0 ke prAcIna tIrthakSetra ke maMdira meM se eka karake navIna-navIna maMdiroM kA nirmANa karAte rahate hai lekina vyakti rAmagopAla munAra eka prAcIna sundara mUrti kA ma pra. aura u0pra0 ke prAcIna kSetroM mAdi sthAnoM meM maikaDo sira kATatA ha prA pakar3A gyaa| usake sAtha dUsarA pAdamI prAcIna jaina madira khaMDita paDe hai aura hajAro kI saMkhyA goradhana bhI thaa| donoM ko khaniyAdhAnA kI pulisa ne me prAcIna mUrtiyA~ jagalo prAdi sthAnoM meM bikharI paDI hai giraphtAra kiyA aura corI kA patA lagAne ke vAste dono tathA bahuta se zilA lekha jamIna me dabe par3e hai| unakI aparAdhiyoM ko dehalI laaii| rAmagopAla sunAra dehalI me surakSA kA vahA~ kI jaina samAja ko kucha bhI dhyAna nahIM dharmapurA mohallA ke eka makAna meM rahatA thaa| pulisa ne maataa| sAhajI ina vicAro ke nahIM the| vaha usake makAna kI talAzI lI to yaha bhI patA lagA ki to prAcIna maMdiroM ke jIrNoddhAra aura prAcIna mUrtiyoM kI rAmagopAla, zivacaraNa batrA, sundara nagara, naI dehalI surakSA karAne ke pakSa me the| isakA kAraNa isa prakAra ko mUrtiyAM becatA hai / taba pulisa ne zivacaraNa batrA kI hai ki ma0pra0 aura u0 pra0 ke kucha prAcIna di0 jaina sundara nagara, naI dehalI kI pharma para chApA maaraa| batrA tIrthakSetro ke maMdiro para purAtatva vibhAga kI ora se kI pharma me se pulisa ko kucha mUrtiyAM aura kucha mUrtiyo jo caukIdAra rahate the unakA saMtoSajanaka iMtajAma ke sira kaTe huye mile / pulisa ne zivacaraNa batrA ko bhI na hone ke kAraNa vahA~ ke prAcIna di0 jaina tIrtha kSetro ke giraphtAra kara liyaa| tInoM aparAdhiyoM ke khilApha pradAmaMdiro se prati devagar3ha, dudhaI, cA~dapura, jahAjapura' lato meM mukadamA cAlU kara diyA gyaa| sAhUjI
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________________ 54, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 sahayoga se va jaina samAja kI hara prakAra kI kozizoM droNagira (ma0 pra0), paporA, pAhAra (TIkamagar3ha) aura se jhAMsI bhyAyAlaya ne aparAdhiyo ko sajA ke prAdeza cittauDagar3ha kile kA di0 jaina maMdira kula 9 kSetroM kA diye| jIrNoddhAra, yAtriyoM kI suvidhA ke liye navIna sar3akoM va sAhajI ne ma0pra0 va u0 pra0ke prAcIna tIrthakSetroM devagar3ha meM mUrtiyo kI surakSA ke liye eka navIna sAha ke maMdiroM ke jIrNoddhAra ke kAryoM ko kAryAnvita jana saMgrahAlaya kA nirmANa karAne kI svIkRti dii| saba karane ke vAste prapane daphtara "sAha sImeMTa saviseja", uparokta kSetro kA kArya progrAma ke mutAbika zrI vizanacaMda naI dehalI se dinAka 5 navambara, 1959 I. ko zrI jaina provarasiyara kI dekharekha meM karAyA gyaa| ye saba kArya mAra0 sI0 pArikha aiDIzanala cIpha iMjIniyara, zrI san 1960 se mArca, san 1968 taka pUre huye| saba kAryoM bizanacaMda jena provarasiyara tathA zrI ulAla (phoTogrAphara meM lagabhaga 4 lAkha rupaye vyaya huye| TAImsa mApha iMDiyA naI dehalI) se eka Teknikala sAhUjI kI yaha bhI yojanA thI ki mUtiyo kI surakSA pArTI ko prAcIna kSetro kA nirIkSaNa aura sarvekSaNa karane ke bAste eka-eka sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya lalitapura, canderI, ke vAste lalitapura bhejA / Teknikala pArTI ne lagabhaga 11 khaniyAdhAnA aura khajurAho me bhI nirmANa karAyA jAye / mahIne meM baDI lagana ke sAtha rAtadina eka karake 51 lekina yaha kArya isa kAraNa se na ho sakA ki ina kSetroM prAcIna kSetroM kA nirIkSaNa aura sarvekSaNa kiyA / saba cIjo ke sarakArI adhikAriyoM ne kSetroM ko jaina samAja ko vahA~ ko noTa kiyA nako banAye, jIrNoddhAra va navIna sAha jaina kI bikharI huI prAcIna mUrtiyoM ko uThAne kI ijAjata nahIM saMgrahAlaya prAdi kAryoM kI lAgata ke takha mIne (Estimates) dii| isake atirikta, sAhU jI isI prakAra dUsare di. banAye, hara kSe kI mUrtiyoM prAdi ke phoTo taiyAra karAkara jaina maMdiroM ke jIrNoddhAra ke kAryoM ke vAste dAna dete hara kSetra ke alaga-alaga elabama taiyAra karavAye tathA rahate the / samaya-samaya para apanI maujUdagI me dehalI kSetroM kI raMgIna philma taiyAra karavAI jinako sAhUjI ne ke cAMdanI cauka ke lAla kile ke sAmane ke prAcIna jaina bahuta pasanda kiyaa| ina philmo ko naI dehalI me maMdira (jo lAla madira yA urdU ke jaina madira ke nAma lAla maMdira aura paporA kSetra prAdi sthAno para dikhAyA se prasiddha hai) usake liye, hikSetra ke jaina maMdiroM ke liye gyaa| tathA prayodhyAjI ke jaina maMdira bhAdi ke jIrNoddhAra ke __uparokta kSetroM kA nirIkSaNa aura sarvekSaNa karane meM liye lAkhoM rupaye dAna me dete rahate the jisase vaha puNya baDI-bar3I kaThinAiyAM uThAnI par3I jabaki tamAma kSetro ke ke bhAgI bne| sAhU jI jainiyo ke saratAja the| uname bahuta mArga va kSetra bhayAnaka jaMgaloM, vano, jhADiyo, nadI-nAloM, se guNa the| unake guNoM kA prAdara karate huye disambara, san pahADoM, khUkhAra jAnavaroM, (zera grAdi jAnavaro) aura DAkunoM 1970 me zrImAna sAhU zAti prasAda jo jana ko dehalI me se ghire haye the tathA ghoDo para jAne-mAne ke mArga bar3e hI eka bhavya samAroha me dhAvaka-ziromaNi kI padavI dI kharAba, bhayAnaka aura khataranAka the| aise sthAno para jAnA gaI / sAhU jI kA jaisA nAma thA vaise hI uname guNa bhI the| mora pAnA koI mAmUlI kAma na thaa| mauta aura jindagI ve zAMtasvabhAvI the| jaba kabhI vaha apane navIna bhavana kA kA savAla thaa| kaI bAra devagar3ha, pacarAI, thovanajI mora nirIkSaNa karate the akele hI zAti ke sAtha karate the aura nainAgira mAdi kSetroM para khatare kI khabara milane para pAsa usakI acchAI aura burAI ko dekhate the| ke gA~vo me bhAganA par3A thaa| bhagavAna ke nAma aura jisa prakAra aksara bar3e-bar3e dhanavAn kAnoM ke kacce NamakAra matra ke jApa ke dvArA saba kArya siddha huye| hote hai, sAhU jI kAno ke kacce na the / vaha to sacce premI uparokta kSetro kI saba riporTa sAhUjI ke sammukha rkkhii| aura usUloM ke pAbanda the| jo vyakti unase kisI kI unhone kUla kSetroM meM se devagaDha, bAnapura (u0 pra0), burAI yA cugalI karatA thA ve usa cugalakhora aura zikAkandhAra hila (ghaderI), pacarAI (khaniyAdhAnA), bovanI, yata karane vAle kI bAtoM kA yakIna nahI karate the, jaba
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________________ mAdhunika bhAravela taka una bAtoM kI acchI taraha se chAnabIna na kara lete the| prati dina gullaka meM DAlakara jamA kare pora isa dhana ko chAnabIna karane se jisakI galatI hotI thI usake viruddha sosAyaTI ke pAsa bheje / maiMne bhI isa apIla ke mutAbika ucita kAryavAhI karate the| mujhe unakI isa prakAra kI 312 ru. 50 paise jamAkara zrI sukumAra caMda jaina mahA maMtrI bAtoM kA qhaba anubhava hai| aksara jhUThI cugalI karane vAloM ke pAsa meraTha bheje aura isI upalakSa meM jIrNoddhAra prAdi paura zikAyata karane vAloM ko apane svArthavaza nIcA kArya karAye / isa prakAra isa prapola se jaina samAja ko dekhanA paDA / sAhajI muni zrI zAMti sAgarajI, muni zrI prora se hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM dhana rAzi prApta huii| yaha dezabhUSaNa jI, muni zrI vidyAnanda jI aura muni zrI bhI eka mahAna kArya thaa| sAha jaina saMsthAnoM ne deza kI gaNezakIti jI prAdi sAdhanoM ke sacce bhakta the| ve vidvAnoM, jo sevAyeM kI haiM ve sarvavidita haiN| isase sAha jI kA paMDitoM aura dhArmika-sAmAjika kAryakartApoM kA bhI prAdara nAma amara rhegaa| ve bhArata ke pramukha udayogapati tathA karate the| bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke dvArA jaina dharma ke zAstra, bhAratavargIya jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI ke adhyakSa tIrthabhakta, pustakeM, kSetroM ke itihAsa va nakze pora navIna pracchI-acchA prAvaka ziromaNi, samAja sevaka, dAnavIra sAha zrI zAMti pustakeM likhavA-nivavA kara prakAzita karA kara deza-videzo pramAda jI jaina kI preraNA se unakI dharmapatnI tathA sAha me pracAra karAte the jisase jaina dharma kI unnati hotI thii| jana TrasTa kI adhyakSA zrImatI ramA jaina jaisI mahAn sAhajI sabase acchI pustaka likhane vAle vidvAna ko jJAna prAtmAnoM ne uparokta tIrtha sthAnoM ko prakAza meM lAne tathA pITha dvArA hara sAla eka lAkha rupaye kA puraskAra diyA karate unakA jIrNoddhAra va mUrtiyo kI surakSA ke liye "mAhU jaina the| sAha jaina sasthAno ne deza kI jo sevAye kI hai ve saMgrahAlaya", yAtriyo prAdi kI suvidhA ke liye pahADoM vano sarvavidita haiM / sAhajI bhAratIya rASTra ke sevaka va hamadarda prAdi kI kaTAI karAkara kSetro meM prAne-jAne ke pakke mAgoM bhI the / bhArata sarakAra unakA prAdara karatI thii| kA nirmANa karAkara jo mahAna kArya karAyA hai vaha sarAhanIya jisa samaya mana 1965 I0 meM bhArata aura pAkistAna hai, jo makaDoM va hajAro varSoM taka unakI dhavala kIti ko kI lar3AI chiDI usa samaya dehalI meM pareDa ke maidAna prakaTa karatA rhegaa| prApake dvArA aneka saMsthAyeM sthApita me jaina samAja kI ora se zrI sAhU zAni prasAda jaina kA hai| aneka garIba, apAhija va anya pranAtha pAzrama sahAyatA sabhApatitva meM eka prAma sabhA huii| zrI sAhU jI ne jaina pA rahe hai tathA aneka vidyArthI chAtravRtti prApta kara apanA samAja kI prora se bhArata ke pradhAna maMtrI zrI lAlabahAdura jIvana saphala banA rahe haiM evaM bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke zAstrI jI ko rupayo kI eka thailI meTa kI, aura sAha jI dvAga jo jaina dharma pracAra prAdi kA kArya ho rahA hai vaha ko apIla para bahuta-sI jaina samAja kI striyo ne apane saba prApaka kie haye bemimAla kArya hai| prApa jaise udAra apane jevara utAra utAra kara bhArata ke pradhAna madhI ko hRdaya mahAmAnava maMmAra meM birale hI hote haiN| bheMTa kie / mani zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja ne bhArata ke sAhU jo ke nidhana se bhArata kI jaina samAja kA sarapradhAna matrI zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI jI ke sira para hAtha tAja isa saMsAra se calA gayA jimame bhArata kI jaina rakhakara unako pAzIrvAda diyaa| sAhU jI bhagavAna mahAvIra samAja ko baDI bhArI kSati huI hai aura unake cale jAne se, 25sauvA nirvANa mahotsava sosAyaTI ke adhyakSa the| usa unake sthAna kI pUrti prasaMbhava hai| unake nidhana para jitanA samaya unakI kozizo se bhArata kI bhUtapUrva pradhAna matrI bhI zoka manAyA jAye thoDA hai| lekina hRdaya me zAti zrImatI idirA gAdhI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa mahotsava ke upalakSa me uparokta sosAyaTI va bhArata kI jaina __ lAne se hI sukha kI prApti hotI hai| samAja ke dhArmika kAryoM meM hara prakAra kI sahAyatA kii| mai sacce hRdaya se unake prati zraddhAMjali arpita karatA sAhajI ko jaina dharma ko UcA uThAne ke prati bahuta lagana humA zrIjI se prArthanA karatA hU~ ki svargIya kI prAtmA ko rahatI thii| unhone bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa mahotsava zAti prApta ho| ko saphala banAne maura hara prakAra se jaina dharma prasAra ke 000 liye paneka kAryoM kA pracAra karate huye eka kArya yaha bhI riTAyarDa provarasiyara kiyA ki unhone bhAratavarSa kI jaina samAja se apIla kI bhU0pU0 maMtrI, jaina mitra maMDala, dehlii| ki hara ghara meM jitane vyakti ho, hara vyakti eka-eka paisA zikArapura (bulandazahara) u.pra.
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________________ ahiMsA : vizvadharma 0 upAdhyAya mani zrI vidyAnanda 'gANI siva parameSThI samvAha vi chmhobuddho| hotA hai) ityAdi jIvana sUtra hindU zAstrakAra likhane appoSiya paramappo kammavibhuSako ya hoi phuddN|' lge| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, akrodha, brahmacarya ityAdi pahisA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divya dhvani hai, dharma ke basa lakSaNo me vaidiko ne 'pahisA' ko dharma kA caubIsa tIrthakaroM dvAroM upadiSTa samyaga dharma hai aura syAda- svarUpa maanaa| yaha mahiMsAdharma kI mahAna vijaya thii| bAda siddhAnta ko mAnane vAle koTi-koTi janoM kA dharma pahisA dharma kI prabhAvanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa bhArata meM jaina hai| hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki ahimA prANimAtra dharma ke anuyAyiyoM kI vizAla sakhyA thii| prAbara ke kA pAsmadharma bhI hai| yaha vastusvarUpa hone se sabhI ko rAjyakAla me cAra karoDa jaina the| priya hai / "varaM majjha Na keNavi' kahana bAna tIrthakara vizva IsAI mizanariyo dvArA durgama agama Adima kSetro, ke sampUrNa jIvAjIva se nirvaira the| saba mAnavo se, prazeSa parvatIya pradezo aura pichaDI-upekSita jAtiyo me ghamaghamakITa-patagoM se, vizva ke pratyakSa apratyakSa praNamahata para- kara aspatAla, skala prAdi banAkara vana mAnava sevA bhAva mANu pudgalo se prasIma karuNAmaya ahiMsaka vyavahAra karanA bhI ahiMsA dharma kI hI preraNA hai| pahisA-dharma kA prArambhika pATha hai| tIrthakage aura unake samyaka cAritra hI dharma hai| yaha kAgaja para nahI jIvana manuyAyiyoM ne hiMsA ko cAritrarUpa dekara mAnava jAti meM prakita karanA hotA hai / jIvana meM utAre binA kAgaja me kA mahAn upakAra kiyA hai| apane ahiMsAmUlaka prAcAra rahA dharma prANI ko trANa nahIM detaa| dharma kI rakSA jIvana dvArA bharya bhUmi ke kaNa kaNa ko apanI svecchayA saMcAra- ko tanmaya banAkara hotI hai dharma rakSA ke lie usake pAlane zIla caraNavibhati se nirantara pavitra karane vAle jainA- vAlo kI saMkhyA adhikatama honI cAhie, kyoki 'na dharmo cAryoM aura muniyo ne mAnava ko hiMsaka pazuvatti se Upara dhAmikavinA' (dhAmiko ke binA dharma kisama sthita uThAkara mAnavatA kI dayAmayI maNizilA para pratiSThita hogA) / prata: vizva ke dezo meM, pradezo me, nagaro, gAvo kiyA hai| pahimA, mAtA kI goda ke samAna, samasta aura jAtiyo me dhAmikatA kA zaMkha phUkane kI paramAvazyaprANiyoM ko prabhaya pradAna karane vAlI hai| isa zabda kI katA hai, tAki udAra sarvodayI dharma kA vistRta rUpa vizvamadhuratA ko cAla kara prANiyo ke paraspara vairabhAva kA maca para punaH pravatINaM ho aura 'prattA ceva pahisA', upazama hotA hai / vairabhAva kI nivRtti se hRdaya me zAnti (mAtmA hI ahiMsA hai) ke sandeza ke udghoSaka tIrthakara kI zItala dhArA pravAhita hotI hai / zAnti ko isa jala varSabhadeva ke, jinhone loka saMgraha evaM loka kalyANa kI dhAra me avagAhana karane vAlA vizva hI isa prakAra bhAvanA se sasAra ko divya-dhvani kA amRtakalaza pilAyA, mahiMsA paramparA ke saMbaMdha se tatvacintApariNAmI mokSa ke __ usI lokadharma aura prAtmadharma ke prabhyutthAna se himA, lie mukhya sAdhana hai| ahiMsA ke isa prAtmadarzanamUlaka vaira, kalaha, zithilAcAra prAdi dUrjAta prAdhi-vyAdhiyoM kA dharma kA prabhAva vizva ke sabhI dhamoM para chAyA huA hai| zamana kiyA jA sake aura vizvazAnti ke dhUmilahue citroM vaidika dharma, jisame yajJAnuSThAna vidhi me hiMsA kI jAtI me bhI nayA raga umagAyA jA ske| rahI, mahiMsA dharma ke prabhAva se vahA 'mA hisyA.' / hisA cAritaM khalu dhammo' kI gUMja me se uThane vAlI mata karo), 'niraH sarvabhUteSu yaH sa mAmeti pANDava' (jo prahisA kI padadhvani ko pahacAnakara janasAdhAraNa tatvacintA kI ora pravRtta ho sakatA hai, bhaura saba prANiyo / sammAna se vinata ho uThe, jhUma uThe, isake anurUpa svaya me vaira-rahita hai, vaha mokSa ko prApta hotA hai), 'ahiMsA ko banAnA dharmabhAvanA ke lie prathama ma galapATha hai| pratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vara tyAgaH" (ahiMsA kI pratiSThA mazeSa prANiyo kA hita-sAdhana karane vAle tIrthakaro ke rakhane se mahisaka ke pAsa vaira-tyAga kI bhAvanA kA udaya mahiMsA-dharma ko hI sarvodaya-tIrtha ke rUpa meM pratiSThA prApta
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________________ pahisA : viSadharma huI thii| dharma kA yaza-nAda guMjarita karate hue zramaNa manI- jisase loka-jIvana samunnata banA aura masta meM zramaNa-vatti SiyoM ne 'sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tava' yaha vAkya dharma ke rAja- dhAraNa karate hae pAramArthika zrama-mArga kI pratiSThA kii| mArga para saMketa-zilA ke rUpa meM utkIrNa kara diyA hai| yaha zramaNatva bhI zrama ke mahatva ko hI vyakta karatA hai| vaha maMgalamaya dharma punaH vizva meM sarvodaya tIrtha ke rUpa meM upalabdhiyoM ke lie zrama karanA prAvazyaka hai| mani pahacAnA jAe, isameM zrAvakoM, zyAgiyoM aura prazeSa dharmAnu- samyak zrama karate haiM, ataH zramaNa saMjJA se vibhUSita hote rAgiyoM ko mana, vacana aura karma se sahayoga karanA hai| bAdaloM se prAcchanna sUrya kA prakAza padhvI para nahIM cAhie / eka pradamya sAhasa lekara, niSThA pora saMkalpa. praataa| jo manuSya hokara isI bhava meM sAdhya uttama phaloM pUrvaka nirvara bhAva dvArA tapa, tyAga, saMyama, aparigraha, zauca, ke lie apanI bhajAeM Upara nahIM uThAtA, use unase vaMcita pArjava mAri uttama guNoM ko rASTra ke vAtAvaraNa meM apane rahanA hogA / tapa manuSya ko sabhI kSetroM meM samunnati detA vizukha mAcaraNa se saMkramita karane vAlA jaina, bhagavAna mahA- hai aura use manuja banAtA hai, parantu tapa se rahita ko patana vIra kA saccA saMdeza vAhaka hai / zrAvaka aura tyAgI, muni kA mArga dekhanA par3atA hai / 'tapa' kA viloma zabda 'pata' hai paura prAcArya tathA samAja ke zAstra dhurandhara vidvAna isa jisakA prathaM patana hai| apane parizrama kA pariNAma guMjA pora eka mana, eka prANa se ceSTAvAna hoMge to yaha dayAmaya / aura maNi donoM meM yadi mila sakatA hai to kauna buddhimAna dharma vizvamAnava kI jholI ko zAnti, ahiMsA, nivara, maNi chor3akara guMjA grahaNa karanA cAhegA? aparigraha, zIla prAdi ratnarAzi se bhara degaa| zarIra se manuSya honA alaga bAta hai aura pAcaraNa bhArata dharmabhUmi hai| anAdi kAla se yahAM ke dharmakRSaka apane caritra ke kheta me dharma ke bIja bote prAye haiN| se manuSya honA malaga bApta hai| mAja prAyaH se zarIra manuSya manu bhAratIyo ke caturvidha puruSArtha meM prathama puruSArtha dharma hai| to ati saMkhyA meM haiM, itane ki sarakAra ko unake udarapahimA usakA pramukha stambha hai| kahanA hogA ki eka pUraNa ke lie videzoM se anna-yAcanA karanI par3atI hai, mahiMsA meM hI anya sAre dharma samAe hae hai| sAre bhArata me parantu unameM mAcAravAn manuSya bahuta alpa saMkhyA meM haiN| purAtana dharma stambha isI dharma ke kIrtistambha ke samAna jaba pAcAravAn adhika hoMge, taba rASTra sarvatomukhI unnati khar3e hue dharma kA sandeza sunA rahe hai / sAmrAjya prAye aura karegA / gaNapUrakoM ne kabhI vijaya prApta nahIM kii| gaye, samrATa bane aura bigar3e, para koI amaratva prApta na kara aAja vizvatrANa ke lie vaSamadeva kA upadeza sarvAdhika sakA; kintu dharma-stambhoM para utkIrNa ye dharma-lekha aba sazakta hai| vItarAga paramadeva ko apanA mArgadarzaka svIkAtaka khar3e hai aura uname abhihita dharma sadA rhegaa| jo / jA rane se yuddha, hiMsA, bhaya, sImollaMghana, parapIr3ana ityAdi prAtmA kA dharma hai, vaha prAtmA kI taraha amara hai / vizva ko saMtrasta karane vAlI prAkUlatAmoM kA prazamana devAnapriya prazoka ke giranAra abhilekha se prApta yaha yaha sahaja ho jaaegaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA lagabhaga DhAI 'pravihisA' dharma-sUtra paraspara, eka-dUsare ke sapIr3ana ko jAra varSa parAnA vaha svara, jisakA samAdhoSa unhone parAsta karane vAlA hai| yaha paribhASA usa dharma ke lie vizvamAnava ke lie kiyA thA, bhAja bhI utanA hI siddha ho sakatI hai, jisame para-pIr3ana ko adharma mAnA gayA prANavanta hai, jitanA unake apane samaya meM thaa| vaha hai| jaina dharma hI vaha dharma hai jisame mana se bhI paradroha- samAdhoSa hai mitI me savya mRdesu'-maiM sampUrNa vizva cintana-parAGmukhatA kA vidhAna hai| kA mitra hUM, merA koI varI nahI hai / yaha ghoSaNA prajApati RSabhadeva ne isI dharma kI pratiSThA loka panaH jana-jana ke hRdaya-paTala para utkIrNa karane yogya meM sthApita karate hue isake laukika tathA pAtmika do hai| smaraNa rakhie ki yaha vIra zAsana kI vIra vANI mArga- "kRSi karo yA RSi bano"-nirdhArita kiye| hai, mahAvIra kA siMhanAda hai, parantu nitAnta utpIr3ana-rahita prathama unhone chaha prakAra kI vidyAmro kA prasAra kiyA tathA vizva ko zAnti pradAna karane vaalaa| 000
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________________ jaina sAdhu kI caryA DA. devendra kumAra zAstrI, nImaca svasa vedya samarasAnanda kI sahaja anubhUti se samulla- caryA hai jo sthAyI evaM sahaja mAnanda kI jananI hai, jise sita svarUpa kI sAdhanA meM rata svAtmA kA avalokana eka bAra upalabdha ho jAne ke anantara kucha prAptavya evaM karane vA ne zramaNa nimrantha sahaja liga se prAtmArAma meM karaNIya nahI raha jAtA hai / vAstava meM jaina sAdhu kI caryA vicaraNa karane vAle paramArtha meM jaina sAdhu kahe gaye hai| saccI zAnti eva prAnanda meM nihita hai| jaba zuddha ke lakSya jo kevala vyavahAra meM vimUDha hai, jinhe zuddhAtmA ke svarUpa se prerita anantavikalpI jJAna eka zuddhAtmaniSTha hokara kA paricaya nahI hai, kevala sAdhutA kA veza hI dhAraNa kie jJAnasvabhAva-tanmaya hokara pariNamita hotA hai taba sacce hae hai, ve paramArtha se jaina sAdhu nahI hai / jaina sAdhu hI usa sukha kI kiraNa udabhAsita hae binA nahIM rahatI, kyoki zadvAtma-caryA meM tallIna rahate hai, jisa parama tatva tathA sAdha caryAhI dharma hai aura dharma meM avinAbhAva rUpa se satya ke sAkSAtkAra ke lie vizva meM taraha taraha ke nAmarUpoM tathA bAhya kriyAno va mato ko apanAkara apanI saccA sukha vilasita hotA hai / ataH dharma pariNata prAtmA niyama se prAnanda kA bhoga karatA hai| saccA prAnanda apanI mAnyatAmoM tathA pakSo kA poSaNa kara rahe hai / parantu hI usakA jIvana hai| yahI sAdhu-caryA kA pratyakSa pariNAma vAstava meM jaina sAdhu sabhI prakAra ke mata mAnyatApro, pakSo tathA prAcAra-vicAragata pAra graho se rikta yathArthataH hai / mAdhu kI caryA kA prAdi vindu kyA hai ? satata sahaja sAdhutA kA pAlana karatA hai / pAlana karatA hai - yaha kahanA bheda vijJAna kA ucchalana / jise prAtma anAtma kA bhedabhI bhASA kI asamarthatA hai / jaina sAdhu to apanI carcA meM vijJAna nahIM hai, vAstava meM vaha jaina sAdhu hone kA bhI apane guNa paryAya rUpa pariNa mate hue apane prApa kA prava. pAtra nahI hai, kyoki ukta dazA tathA sthiti hetu usakA lokana karate hai| usa dazA meM kevala vijJAna dhana svabhAva lakSya sthira nahI ho sktaa| apane pUrNa ujvala svarUpa kA, caitanya kA pUrNa pra zi ekatva bheda vijJAna rUpa se udita hotA hai, uma samaya koI vaita bhAsita nahI hotA hai, anAdi kAla kI prajJAna dazA vighaTa jAtI hai aura jo prAtma darzana karanA cAhatA hai, use bheda-vijJAna svatatva kA udA ho jAtA hai| yahI jJAniyo kA prabhAta karanA hI par3atA hai| yaha mokSa mArga kI Avazyaka bhUmikA hai| prajJAna andhakAra se prakAza meM yogiyo kI caryA hai| __ hai, kyoki sat asat kI pahacAna ke binA vastu-svarUpa jAgati" kA mahAna kA nirNaya nahI ho sktaa| vAstava meM eka vastu kA dUsarI sAdhUpo kI caryA se sahaja prakaTa hotA hai| jisa anAtma dazA vastu ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai / sabhI vastueM svatantra va meM sasAra ke tathAkathita vidvAna, vaijJAnika tathA anveSaNakartA svAdhIna hai| vastu kI asaliyata kA khyAla pAte hI prAnaMda pratyeka samaya mAtera hate hai, usase bhinna prAtmasthiti meM kI dhArA umaDa par3atI hai| kyoki paramArtha meM pratyeka vastu jJAmI sAdhU pratyeka samaya meM jAgrata rahate hai - yahA~ taka ki apane meM pratiSTita hai| jJAna jJAna meM hai aura krodhAdika jisa ghora andhakAra se vyApta rAtri meM cara-acara sabhI jIva krodhAdika maha hai| dono kA svabhAva bhinna hone se sote rahate hai, usa samaya meM bhI jJAnI apane jJAna meM jAgate dono hI bhinna haiN| ina donoM meM pAdhAra-mAghayatva bhI rasate haiN| jJAna cetanA ke samakSa kAma vAmanAyo, para-bhAvo, apane-apane meM hI hai| kintu darzanamoha ke vaza meM hokara vibhAvo tathA parasamaya ke mithyA bhAva Tika hI nahI pAte hama anAdi kAla se yaha mAnate cale pA rahe hai ki raagaahai| kevala jJAna cetanAkA vilAsa hI uttama muniyo kI dika bhAva caitanya karatA hai| upayoga to caitanya kA pari 1 "tadaprabhave caika jJAnamevaikasmina jJAna eva pratiSThita vibhAvayato na parAghArAdheyatva pratibhAti / tato jJAnameva jJAne eva krodhAdaya eka krodhAdiSveveti sAdhu siddha bhedvijnyaanm|"-smysaar, gA0 181 ko prAtmakhyAti ttiikaa|
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________________ jaina sAdhu kI caryA 56 Namana hone se jJAnasvarUpa hai aura krodhAdi bhAvakama, dravya- para: svarUpalInatA ke panupama sukha ko prApta kge| isa karna evaM nokarma sabhI pudagala dravya ke pariNAma hone se bheda-vijJAna se jJAnabhAva aura rAga kI sUkSma antaHsadhi jar3a hai / inakI pAja taka vAstavika pahacAna nahI huii| spaSTa rUpa se pratibhAsita ho jAtI hai aura nijAtmA me isIliye sasAra meM bhaTaka rahe haiN| kAlalabdhi ke vaza guru pratIta hone vAlI jJAna aura rAgAdi bhAvo kI ekatA dUra ke samyak upadeza ke nimitta se mithyAtvAdi prakRtiyoM ke ho jAtI hai| bheda-vijJAna kA mAhAtmya yaha hai ki yadi upazama, kSaya yA kSayopazama se samyagdarzana kI utpatti jIva nirantara usakA abhyAsa karatA rahe, kabhI bhedahote hI sva-para bheda-vijJAna prakaTa ho jAtA hai aura tabhI vijJAna kI dhArA na TUTe to bheda-vijJAna ke bala saM dhra va, prAtmA apane svarUpa ko pahacAna letI hai| svAtmatattva zuddha prAtmA kA anubhava karatA humA pravata hotA hai| itanA kI ruci ko prApta humA jIva hI saMyogI dazA meM bhI para. hI nahIM, prakAzamAna panI prAtmA ko para dravya se utpanna dravya se bhinna nija tattva kI pratIti kara sakatA hai| vikArI pariNati ko bhI dUra kara zuddha rUpa meM svaya ko jaise do juDI huI vastunoM ko alaga-alaga karane ke prApta kara letA hai| yaha sunizcita hai ki bheda-vijJAna se lie mistrI sandhi ke sthAna para cha nI mAra kara yA karoMta hI nija zuDhAtmA kI upalabdhi hotI hai| calAkara kuzalatA ke sAtha una donoM ko pRthak pRthak kara vAstava meM bheda-vijJAna meM nimitta nimitta rUpa meM, detA hai, vaise hI samyaktva ke sanmukha sasArI jIva jJAna. upAdAna upAdAna rUpa meM, sAdhana sAdhana rUpa meM mora sAdhya rUpI karota ke abhyAsa se kuzalatA ke sAtha lakSaNa bheda sAdhya rUpa meM, jo jaisA ho vaisA hI udbhAsita hone lagatA kA jJAna hone se jIva aura ajIva ko bhinna- hai| jaba taka jIva ko heya-upAdeya kA bIdha nahI hotA bhinna kara jAnatA hai| rAgAdika bhAvo kI bhinnatA ke hai, taba taka yaha heya ko tyAgakara upAdeya ko grahaNa nahI sAtha hI caitanya rama se nirmara jJAyaka prAtmA tatkAla aisA karatA / bheda-vijJAna hone para sabhI rAga-rago kI heyatA prakAzita ho jAtA hai, jaise ki khAna meM se nikalA hamA kA bodha ho jAtA hai, isalie jIva una sabako chor3akara monA solaha bAnI tAva para car3ha kara apane ujjvala svarUpa meM camacamAne lagatA hai| nija zuddhAtma-svabhAva kA pAlambana letA hai| yahI bheda. vijJAna ko upayogitA hai| bheda-vijJAna karota ko tIkSNa dhArA ke samAna kahA gayA hai| jaise karota lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara DAlatI pAca mahAvrata, samiti, indriyanirodha, loca, chaha prAvahai, usI prakAra bheda-vijJAna bhI jJAna aura ra gAdi vikAra 25 zyaka, pracelasa, prasnAna, bhUmizayana, adantadhAvana, khaDe hokara ina dono ko apanI mantadaSTi rUpI tIkSNa pAra ke dvArA bhojana tathA eka bAra mAhAra, ye zramaNa ke prAisa mUla paraspara meM yA pUrNa pa se pathaka pathaka karake, yaha nimaMja guNa jinavaro ne kahe hai| yathArtha meM sabhI prakAra ke bheda-vijJAna, jo svaya zuddha caitanya kA Thosa piNDa hai, para vyApArI se mukta samyagdarza, samyagjJAna, samyakacAritra tathA ke sayoga se rahita nija svarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai| samyaka tapa meM anurakta nigrantha eva nirmoha sAdhu hota hai|' 1. caMdRSya jarUpatAM ca dadhatoH kRtvA vibhAga dvayo ramataruNadAraNena parito jJAnasya rAgasya ca / bhedajJAnamudeti nirmalamida modadhvamadhyAsitA: zuddhajJAnaghanaudhamekamadhunA santo dvitIyacyutAH / / sagayAsArakalaza, zlo0 126 2. yadi kathamapi dhArArAhinA bodhanena dhUvamupalabhamAna: zuddhamAtmAnamAste / tadayamudaya dvAtmArAmamAtmAnamAtmA paraparaNatirodhAcchuddha mevAbhyupaiti // vahI, 157. 3. pravacana sAra, gA0 208-206. 4. vAvAra vipakakA ca ravihArAhaNAsayAratA / NiggaMthA NimmohA sAha ederisA hoti / / -miyamasAra, gA0 75
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________________ 60, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta uttama savicalita prakhaNDa adata parama cidrapa ke zraddhAna, maMtaraMga tyAga ke sAtha bahiyaMga tyAga kA bhI upadeza diyA pAna tathA anuSThAna rUpa svabhAvaratnatraya me anurata hote hai| gayA hai| isa prakAra sAdhu kI caryA vahI hai jisameM prata jJAnI sAdhu kA jJAnarUpa pariNamana karanA, yaha manta- raga tathA bahiraga donoM prakAra ke parigraha kA kisI prakAra raMga caryA hai| kintu bAhara meM jJAna-dhyAna evaM adhyayana me grahaNa nahIM hotA / sabhI prakAra se svAvalambI jIvana kI meM lIna rahanA, sva-samaya meM sthira hokara samyagdarzana-jJAna- caryA kA nAma sAdhucaryA hai, jisame sampUrNa svatantratA kA cAritra kA pAlana karanA pora ratnatraya kI bhArAdhanA ke sAgara laharAtA rahatA hai aura jisa prAtmaniSTha sAdhanA lie antaraMga tathA bAhara sabhI prakAra ke parigrahoM se mukta me mApaka bane TET kI parNatA hokara mahAvatoM evaM mUlaguNo kA pAlana karanA prArSa zramaNa jArI kI ho ata: bAharI jIvana kI pratyeka kiyA meM use apanI prAtmamArga hai| aise hI sAdhu vItarAgI guru kahe jAte haiN| bIta caryA kA mAnanda rasa kA hI svAda saMvedita hotA rahatA rAgatA kI pUrNa upalandhi hI unakA carama lakSya hotA hai / prata: bAharI kriyAnoM meM jaina sAdhu ko kleza eva hai| ve svayaM vItarAgatA ke eka zikhara hote hai| isalie usa zikhara para adhirohaNa karane kI pIr3A kA anubhava na hokara prAnanda rasa kA ucchamana hI kI icchA se naitikatA ko apanI vyavahAra buddhi se dharma hotA hai / jainAgamoM meM jaina yatiyoM, muniyoM tathA sAdhuoM mAnane vAlA zrAvaka unase vItarAgI-mArga ko zikSA va kA cayo kA yahI rahasya udghATita kiyA gayA hai ki ve upadeza prAtta karatA hai / unake vItarAga-cAritra me cIbIso prAtmajJAna se bhItara-bAhara prakAzita hote hae prAtma-caryA ghaTemAnanda kI dhArA pravAhita hotI rahatI hai / unake yama, me nirata rahate hai, laukika kiMvA vyAvahArika jagata ke niyama, vrata, upadeza prAdi sabhI eka-rasa dhArA se prApyAyita DhaMga se pare rahate hai evaM pradata kI samarasI bhamikA ko hote rahate hai / vahAM zAnti va prAnanda ke sivAya, dhyAna va pralokita karate rahate hai|100 adhyayana ke atirikta jagata kA koI vyApAra nahI cltaa| 243, zikSaka kAlonI, nImaca madhya pradeza prataH sAdhu saba prakAra se nagna hokara-tana se, mana se, vikAro se yathArtha me tyAgI hotA hai| jo kevala vastra 'anekAnta' ke svAmitva sambandhI vivaraNa ko sAdhutva ke lie bAdhaka samajhatA hai, vaha sAdhu caryA ke yogya nahIM ho pAtA, kyoki AtmacaryA me vastra bAdhaka | prakAzana sthAna--vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaja, naI dillI nahI hai, kintu vastra kA parigraha bAdhaka hai| madraka-prakAzaka-vIra sevA mandira ke nimitta jo vastra kA parigraha kie hue hai, vaha usakI zrI momaprakAza jaina prAsakti se pare nahI ho sktaa| ataH tRNamAtra bhI ghAraNa prakAzana pravaSi-mAsika karanA aparigraha mahAvrata se bAhara hai| pUrNa praparigrahI rASTrikatA-bhAratIya tila, tuSa mAtra bhI parigrahaNa nahIM kara sktaa| kevala patA-21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 bAhara vasanoM ko proDhanA hI parigraha nahIM hai kintu prAhAra sampAdaka-zrI gokulaprasAda jaina me prAsakti rakhanA, amuka vastu me svAda lenA, sasAra ke rASTrikatA-bhAratIya viSayoM ke prati ruci yA cAha honA, apane nAma va yaza | patA-vIra sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaja, naI dillI-2 kI kAmanA karanA, merA koI abhinandana yA svAgata kare, svAmitva-vora sevA mandira, 21 dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-2 aisA vikalpa honA, kisI ke acche bure kI pabhilASA maiM, momaprakAza jaina, etadvArA ghoSita karatA hUM ki karanA,mabhI parigraha koTi meM hai / prataH saccA tyAga ata- | merI pUrNa jAnakArI evaM vizvAsa ke anusAra upayukta raMga kA mAnA gayA hai| kintu bAharI sAdhano ko dekhakara vivaraNa satya hai| -momaprakAza jaina, prakAzaka maMtaraMga ke parigraha kA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai / isa kAraNa
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________________ bharata aura bhArata zrI gaNeza prasAda jaina, vArANasI "bharata" nAma ke kaI mahApuruSa isa puNya-bhUmi 'bhArata- sUrya-vaza, sUrya-kula mAdi upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita, prakhyAta deza' me hue hai| kintu jisa mahAmAnava 'bharata' ke nAma para tathA isa deza kA mUla nivAsI hai| ayodhyApati, "sudAsa', isa deza kA nAma 'bhArata' prakhyAta humA, jisakA vedoM meM 'suhAsa' va bharata nAma bhI milatA hai, sUrya vaha 'bharata' prAga-aitihAsika-kAla meM humA hai| vaha vaMzI aura isa 'prAga-kAlika' bharata kA vazaja hai| isI jaina dharma ke pravartaka, prAdi-tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadeva ke eka so 'sudAsa' kA yuddha cadravaMzIya rAjA 'puru', jisakI rAjadhAnI patroM meM jyeSTha the / vaha cakravartI, mahAn pratApI, mahAparA 'prayAga' (jhasI) meM thI, humA thaa| isa yuddha kA varNana kramI mahAyogI, mahAtapasvI mora brahmajJAnA tha / mada tAnu- "devAsara-saMgrAma" athavA "devarAja-yuddha" ke nAma se vaMdika bhati atyanta tIvra hone se prAcIna vaidika granthoM meM jaha. mogA / bharata ke nAma se unakA kathana hai| 'Rgveda' prAdi meM jina aila yA caMdravaMza--mahArAjA 'ikSvAku' ke samaya ke 'bharatoM' kA bArambAra ullekha hai, ve ukta bharata ke ho lagabhaga hI 'madhya-pradeza' kA eka pratApI rAjA thA, jo mAnava vaMzaja haiN| vaza kA nahI thA, usakA nAma 'pururavA' aila thaa| usakI jya rAjadhAnI pratiSThAna athavA pratiSThAnapura' prayAga ke sAmane aura pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ko bhrama humA hai, aura deza ke nAma bhaMsI ke pAsa thii| vahA~ mAja bhI 'pahina' nAma kA eka kA sambandha prarvAcIna caMdravaMzIya duSyanta-putra 'bharata' ke mA~va hai| use hI 'pratiSThAna' kA ThIka sthAna mAnA gapA nAma se jor3akara itihAsa kI pAThya-pustakoM me pAThya-rUpa hai| pracalita kara diyA gayA hai, jisake kAraNa eka galata para ___'pururavA' kI rAnI 'urvasI' mapsarA thii| usakA vaMza mparA kA vikAsa ho rahA hai ! 'caMdra pathavA aila' kahalAtA thaa| 'aila vaMza' ne zIghra hI aneka vidvAnoM ne apanI zodhasvarUpa ukta bhrAMti kA bar3I unnati kI praura dUra-dUra ke pradezo taka apanA rAjya nirAkaraNa karate hue, Thosa prAcIna-sAhityika pramANo se sthApita kiyA thaa| 'pratiSThAna' vAle mukhya vaza me 'pururavA' siddha kara diyA hai ki-"duSyanta-putra caMdravaMzIya thaa| isa kA pautra 'nahaSa' humA aura nahuSa kA 'yyaati'| (sUrya 'bharata' se 1500 varSoM (pandraha sau varSoM) ke pUrva se (isa) vaMza meM bhI nahuSa-putra yayAti humA hai|) 'yayAti' ke bhrAtA deza kA nAma 'bhArata' saMsAra meM prakhyAta ho cukA thaa|" ne nIce kI ora gaMgA ke taTa para vArANasI' 'prAga-aitihAsikakAla' se hI isa bhArata deza kI rAjya kI sthApanA kii| bAda meM usake vaMzaja rAjA' kAza' bhUmi para 'bharata' athavA 'bhArata' nAma kI eka jAti basatI ke nAma para vaha 'kAzI-rAja' kahA jAne lgaa| thii| usa bhArata athavA bharata jAti kA samrAT (cakravartI) cadravazIya 'yayAti' ke pAMca putra-1. yadu, 2. tuvaMsa, 'bharata' 'sUryavaMzIya' thA aura usI bharata ke nAma para isa 3. haya, 4. anu aura 5. puru the| 'puru' ke pAsa pratiSThAna bhUmi kA nAmakaraNa bhArata hA hai| 'RgvedAdi' prAcIna kA rAjya thaa| usake vaMzaja paurava khlaae| mahAbhArata tama sAhitya isI "bharata-jAti" ko smRti me prathita ke udyoga-parva (1463) me vaNita hai ki-"samaH prajA patiH pUrva kurUNAM vNshvrdhnH|" isa bAkya se spaSTa hai pAdi samrAT (cakravartI) bharata kA vaMza ikSvAkuvaMza, ki-"kaurava-vaMza" kA praNetA 'soma' kA 5vAM pu
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________________ 64, varSa 11, ki0 3-4 bhanekA bhArata varSa bharatAt sumatistavabhUt / " (pagni purANa the jinheM janma dekara yaha deza dhanya ho gyaa| unake jAti pra0 107 / 11.12) / zrI RSabhadeva ne rAnI marudevI ke ke rUpa yaha 'bhajanAbhavarSa' aura himavarSa se bhAratavarSa kahagarma se janma liyA, aura unake putra zrI 'bharata hue; unhIM lAne lagA aura aba isI nAma se prakhyAta hai| ke nAma para isa varSa (deza) kA nAma bhAratavarSa kahalAkara zrImadbhAgavat ke maMtra (514142) me mahApratApI prakhyAta humA hai| mahArAjA bharata ke sambandha meM varNita hai ki-"jaise garur3a 'bharata' mahArAja ke putra "sumati" the| "varSo'yaM bhArato se koI bhI pakSI hor3a nahIM kara sakatA, vaise ho rAjaSi bharata nAma yatrayaM bhAratI prajA, bharaNAcya prajAnAM vaimanurbharata ke patha kA anusaraNa bhI anya koI rAjA nahIM kara skte| ucyate, nirukta-vacanAccaiva varSa nadbhArataM mmRtam // " (vA. mahArAjA 'bharata' kA vaMzAnu kama "svAyaMbhuva manu" ke pu. 45.176) / yaha deza bhAratavaSa hai aura yahAM kI prajA putra mahArAjA "priyavrata' se sabhI purANoM meM kathita haibhAratI hai| prajA kA bharaNa-poSaNa karane me 'manu' ko 'bharata' priyavrata ke prAgindhra, grAndhri ke nAbhi, nAbhi ke RSabha kahA gayA hai| nirukta ke anusAra, usa bharata kA jo paura RSabha ke patra 'bharata' mahArAja the| deza hai, vahI bhAratavarSa hai| matsya-purANa meM bhI yahI iloka priyavrato nAma suto mano svayaMbhuvamya ca, hai (11445) / brahmANDapurANa eva ligapurANa (1 / 47424) tasyAgandhrimtatonAbhiRSabhasya sutastataH / kA bhI yahI abhimata hai| avatIrNa putrazata tasyAsadibrahmapAragam, isa bhU-khaNa kA nAma bhAratavarSa par3ane se pUrva prajanAbha teSA va bharatI jyeSTho nArAyaNaparAyaNaH / varSa pora himavarSa pracalita thaa| (bhA0 57.3 tathA vikhyAta varSa metan nAmnA bhAratamuttamam // viSNu-purANa 2.1.18 / prAdimAnava kA yahI prajanAma (mA0 ska0 5, 10 4) varSa me janma humA thA aura usI se vizva me mAnava sabhyatA arthAt-ukta vaMzAvalI me bharata hue aura unhIM ke kA vistAra bhI huprA / 'manu' bhagavAna ne kahA hai ki nAma para yaha deza bhArata ke nAma se vikhyAta hamA hai| 'etaddezaprasUtasya sakAzAdagrajanmanaH / sva sva caritra ikSvAkuH prathamapradhAnamuda gAdityavazastataH tasmAdeva zikSeran (pathivyA) sarvamAnavAH / / " ca somavaMza iti yastvatye kurugrAdayaH / (jaina harivaza___ mahAbhAratayuddha prArambha hone se pUrva 'dhRtarASTra' ne saMjaya purANa, parva 13, zloka 32) arthAt sabase prathama ikSvAkU. se bhAratavarSa ke sambandha me jijJAsA kii| sajaya ne patha, vaMza calA, usake bAda sUrya, candra, kuru, ugra prAdi vaMza ikSvAku, yayAti, aMbarISa, mAndhAtA, nahuSa, zivi, RSabha, pracalita hue| isI sarvapradhAna prathama ikSvAkuvaMza me bharata mucakunda, pururavA naga, kuzika, gAdhi, somAka maura dilIpa hue hai / purANoM ke anusAra 'ikSvAkU' ke eka sau patra the| mAdi katipaya mahAna rAjAmo kA nAma pinAkara kahA- unase hI sampUrNa pArya-vaza kI paramparA calo hai| zrI "sarveSAmevarAjendra priya bhArata bhAratam / " he rAjarAjendra RSabhadeva jI ko bhI eka sau putra the| 'ikSvAku vaza ke bhArata (ghatarASTa), ina saba logo ko bhArata deza pratya- nAmakaraNa kA kAraNa jaina graMtha me nimna prakAra se haidhika priya thaa| ye sabhI loga deza bhakta ho gae haiN| "mAkanAccatadikSaNaM rasa sagrahogaNAm / ikSvAkUH mahArAjA 'patha' ne parvata zreNiyA kATa-kATakara bhami ityabhU ddavo jagatAmabhisammataH / / " arthAt zrI RSabhadeva ko samatala kiyA (mamayala kiyaa)| use manuSyo ke kI prathama pAraNA ke samaya rAjA zreyAsa ne unhe 'ikSa rasa' pAvAsa yogya banAyA aura kRSi, vANijya evaM pazu pAlana diyA thA, tabhI se isa vaMza ko ikSvAku-vaMza kahA jAne kA pracalana kiyaa| (viSNu pu0 111382, 83,84) / lgaa| 'ikSu' kA ullekha atharvaveda (1934) tathA Rgveda mahAmAnava zrI RSabhadeva ne mAnavoM ko sabhya-susaMskRta meM hai| banAyA, prajA ko gahasthAzrama meM niyamita kiyaa| (bhA0 paM0 zrI bhagavatadatta jI ne apanI racanA 'bhAratavarSa 1 // 4 // 14) / inhIM zrI RSabhadeva ke putra mahArAjA 'bharata' kA itihAsa' meM rAjA 'sudAsa' kI vaMzAvalI prathama 'manu'
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________________ bharata aura bhArata (zrI nAbhi se dI hai / 63vIM pIr3hI meM zrI rAmacandra jI hai| dharmanIti, vidyAnIti aura saMskRti Adi me bharata jAti rAjA 'mudAsa' 52vI pIDhI me hai / 53vI meM kalyASapAda, prAyoM meM agraNI thii| usake vistAra aura prabhAva se sArA 54vI me sUryakarmA 55vI me bhamaraNya, 56vI me nighna, deza bhAratavarSa athavA bharato kA deza khlaayaa| yahAM taka 57vI me raghu, 58vI me anamitra, 56vI meM dilIpa, ki deza kI vidyA aura kula kA nAma bho 'bhAratI' pdd'aa| 60vI me raghu (dvitIya), 61vI meM praja, 62vI me dazaratha pa0 jayacanda vidyAlaMkAra ne apane grantha "bhAratIya paura 63vI meM zrIrAma hai| itihAsa kI rUparekhA" (pra. saM. pra. ji. pR. 146) me dvitIya ragha 60vI pIr3hI se ragha vaza kI utpatti likhA likhA hai ki aisA socane kA pralobhana hotA hai ki hai / isa tAlikA se yaha siddha hotA hai ki 'zrIrAmacandra hamAre deza kA nAma bhAratavarSa usI bharata' (zakuntalAjI se 11 pIDhI pUrva 'sudAsa', arthAt 'bharata-jAti' kA duSyanta-putra) se huA hai, kintu vaha nAma (bharata) eka paura astitva thaa| isake pUrva se hI deza kA nAma 'bhArata' praca- prAcIna rAjA RSabha putra 'bharata' ke nAma se batalAyA jAtA lita thA / " hai aura vaha bharata yA to kalpita hai yA prAgaitihAsika / mA sana 1646 ke hinda- vidyAlakAra jI grantha me yaha bhI likhate hai ki "duSyantastAna (mamAcAra-patra) meM likhate hai ki 'bhArata' nAma putra 'bharata' cadravaMziyo ke bhiramaurya hae hai| inake pUrvaja hamArI parvatama cadravaMzIya the / ye cadravazIya loga bhArata meM bahata thoDe jAti hai, rakavA gayA hai| unhI logoM ne deza bamAyA, samaya pUrva hI bAhara se pAye the / inakA sabase prathama gajA sabhyatA saskRti pradAna kI aura nAmakaraNa bhI kiyaa| jo bhArata pAyA, 'pururavA' thaa| yadyapi vaha baDA pratApI paurANika sAhitya meM 'bhArata' zabda kA prayoga 'prAvita' da kA prayoga 'sAvitaM' aura vIra thA, kintu usako yahA~ vizeSa saphalatA nahI kI taraha mImita pradeza ke lie nahI kiyA gayA hai. apita milI, isalie vaha apane deza lauTa gyaa| parantu usakI samUce deza ke lie hamA hai| 'bharata' jAti kI carcA vizeSata. saMtAna yahA~ hI basI raha gii| zanaiH zana: ye loga apanI Rgveda, yajurveda aura brAhmaNa-gratho me hai / zakti bar3hAte aura apane rAjya kA vistAra karate rhe| zrI brahmadatta jI zarmA ne 25 sitambara, san 1946 ke usa samaya isa kula kA nAma 'aila' thaa| hindustAna patra me likhA hai ki vAstavika sthiti yaha ima 'pururavA' ke pUrva yahA~ 'pAya' rahate the / unhI logoM hai ki "isa deza kA pratyanta prAcIna nAma kA isa dega para ekachatra rAjya thA / inhI sUryavaMziyo se "bhArata" thA, jisakA varNana Rgveda ke tRtIya ailo kA aneka bAra yuddha huprA, parantu ina yuddho me sadA vijaya maNDala evaM 10veM maNDala ke 75ve sUkta me huA hai| sAtha sUryavaMziyo kI hI hotI rhii| isI vaza ka mahApratApI rAjA hI, bhArata kI mukhya-mukhya nadiyo ke nAma bhI likhe hai| 'puru' kA dhanadhora yuddha mUryavaziyo se dAzarAja-yuddha' ke nAma anantara yajurveda aura atharvaveda meM 'bhArata' ke mukhya mukhya se hugrA, jisame 66000 sainika eva senAdhyakSa mAre ge| prAntoM kA bhI nirdeza milatA hai / lekha ke antima bhAga meM anta me vijaya sUryavaMziyo kI hI huii| isI 'puru' kI likhA hai ki "vedoM se lekara dUsarI zatAbdI taka 31vI pIDho me duSyanta-putra bharata hue hai, arthAt anumAniHsandeha, evaM bArahavI zatAbdI taka vikalpa rUpa meM, isa nataH pRru ke 1500 varSoM bAda hI zakuntalA-duSyanta putra deza kA anya dezoM meM bhArata evaM bhAratavarSa nAma prasiddha thaa|" bharata janmA yA / pro0 rAjabalI pANDeya ne apanI racanA "bhAratIya pa. jayacanda vidyAlakAra de uparokta kathana meM middha itihAsa kA paricaya"(pR0 1, dvitIya saskaraNa me) likhA hai ki duSyanna-zakulAnA-putra bharata kI 15vI pIDha', arthAt hai ki "jisa deza me hama basate hai, usakA prAcIna nAma bhArata. lagabhaga 1500 varSoM purva meM hI isa bhAratavarSa kI bhUmi varSa hai| jAna par3atA hai ki 'bharata' ke vaMzajo kI prAcIna para do vazo kA astitva thA ---bharata vaza (mUryavaMza) aura bharata jAti ne hI yaha nAma deza ko diyA hai / rAjanIti, (zeSa paTha 66 para)
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________________ bihAra ke bihArI : apratihata arhanta D zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja' ema0 e0, jAvarA [jaise 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM manuSya yoni sarvazreSTha hai vaise hI manuSyoM meM sarvazreSTha grahanta hai / arhan jaina aura bauddha dharmAvalambiyo ke parama prArAdhyadeva hai / arha pUjAyA dhAtu se zatR pratyaya hokara grahata zabda banA, isake prathama sambodhana meM grahana zabda banA, jisakA artha pUjanIya hai aura yaha usakI pUjyatA kA hI prabhAva hai ki use vaidika, jaina paura bauddha tIno saskRtiyoM ne apnaayaa| vicAra ke bindu se prahanta zabda kA itihAsa pratyanta prAcIna hai| varAhamihira sahitA, yogavAziSTha, vAyupurANa, bhAgavata, padmapurANa aura viSNupurANa, zivapurANa me isa zabda kA ullekha hai / apratihata prahanta kA yahA~ jaina-bauddha dRSTi se sakSipta varNana prastuta hai|] bihAra pradeza kA nAma bihAra kyoM par3A? prastuta siddhe zaraNa panvajjAmi, sAha zaraNaM pavvajjAmi, kevali prazna kA suspaSTa uttara yaha ki bihAra me paNNattaM dhamma zaraNaM pavajjAmi / cUki eka dharma, eka prahamnoM kA bahuta bihAra (prAmamana-gamana) humA, prataeva darzana, eka saMskRti, eka samAja, eka sAhitya apane par3osI apane prAgadhya devatAmo kI punIta smRti lie kRtajJa bhakta. dharma, darzana, saskRti, samAna praura sAhitya se prabhAvita hue jano ne prapana pradeza kA nAma bihAra rakha liyaa| prarahanto binA raha hI nahI sakatA hai, prataeva tIno bhAratIya bhAratIya ke nigasa ke lie yahA aneka bihAra (prAvAsa) bane, saMskRniyA vaidika, jaina aura bauddha parampara prabhAvita hii| isalie isa pradeza kI sajA bihAra ho gii| yaha bAta vizeSatayA mahAvIra pora buddha ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva meM, pratIva svastha hRdaya aura satulita mastiSka meM itihAsa unakI jIvana mAnanA me aneka samAnatAoM ko dRSTi-patha aura pUrANa ke pariprekSya meM bhAja bhI nissakoca kahI jA me rakhakara kucha aitihAsika vidvAna dono ko pRthaka nahI sakatI hai| apRthaka bhI samajhane lage the, para kAlAntara me unakI jina do bhagavanto-prahantoM kI divya aura bhavya smRti dhAraNA nirmala siddha huii|| bihAra apane antara meM prAja bhI sajAe hai, unake nAma jaina aura bauddha tathA vaidika saMskRti me mahanta bhagavAna mahAvIra aura pahAtmA gautama buddha hai / ina dono zabda ko kAphI carcA huI hai| jaina jano kA NamokAramahato kA bihAra se kAphI ghaniSTha sambandha rhaa| cUki mantra hI Namo parahastANaM' (arahalo ko namaskAra ho) bhagavAna pAzvanAtha kI paramparA me maha smA gautama buddha bhI se prArambha hotA hai aura bauddhoM ke dhammapada grantha me dAlapralaMyama varSa taka jaina zramaNa sAdhu rahe, ataeva yaha svAbhA- brAhmaNa vagga kI bhAti parahanta vagga bhI hai| tIrthakara nika thA ki unake prAcAra-vicAra, dharma dezanA para jaina mahanta jinendra ke sadaza gautama buddha ko bhI pramara-kopa aura saskRti kI bhI kSINa chAyA par3I, aneka jaina pAribhASika paJcatantra saMskRta grathA me 'jina' jitendriya, sarvajJa, zAstA zabdo kA prayoga bhI bauddha vAGmaya meM humA, udAharaNa ke kahA gayA para itane para bhI prarhanta viSayaka jaina aura bauddha lie parahanta, prAsrava, gandhakuTI, yama-niyama, samyak dRSTikoNa me utanA hI antara banA rahA, jitanA antara vinikitmA, grada tAdAna prAdi paryApta hoge| mahAvIra aura gautama buddha meM rahA / "baddha zaraNa gacchAmi, ghamma zaraNa gacchAmi, saMgha zaraNa prarahanta :jaMna dRSTi gacchAmi" para NamokAra mantra ke mAgalika pATha kI prastuta sarvajJo jitarAgAdidoSavastralokyapUjitaH / ktiyoMkI kSINa chAyA par3I-bharahante zaraNa padhvajAmi, yathAsthitArthavAdI ca devo'htprmeshvrH|| paSTa
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________________ bihAra ke bihArI: pratihata parahaMta vicAra ke isa bindu se jaina prahanta paramezvara sarvajJa, meM jaya-dhvani homI hai, sugandhita jala kI vRSTi hotI hai, vItarAga lokyapUjita yathA sthitArthabAdI hote hai / dUsare pavana kumAra devabhUmi ko nikaNTaka karate hai sabhI prANI zabdoM me, jaina grahanta vItarAgI, sarvajJa aura hitopadezI mudita hote hai / pahanana ke prAga dharma cakra calatA hai aura hote hai| gaNamyAno ko daSTi se sAdhu-upAdhyAya-prAcArya chatra-cabara-hAjA-paNa kalaza jame paMNa pATha magala dravya se Age baDhakara terahaveM guNasthAna meM pahuMca kara jIvanamukta sAtha-sAtha rahate haiN| sadRza prahanta hote hai / ve samavazaraNa yA dharmasabhA meM prazoka vRkSa, ratnamapa siMhAsana, tIna chatra, bhAmaNDala, yAmIna hokara puruSa aura stro, pazu pora pakSI, rAjA pora nirakSarI didha dhvani, puSa vaSTi, 64 cavara cAlana, raka, deva aura rAkSasa sabhI ko mamAna rUpa se divya dezanA dundubhi vAdyanAda, pratihAyaM mahita prahAta hote hai| ve dete hai| ve vyaktiyo pora padArtho ko samasta avasthAye ananta darzana jJAna-sugva-tIthaM sampanna hote hai| ve janmase hI suspaSTatayA dekha te pora lekhate hai jaise hama hAtha para ___ jarA, tRSA, kSacA, vismaya, pati, kheda, gega, zobA, mada, rakhe AMvale ko yA dopahara meM hAtha kI rekhAmro ko dekhate moha, bhaya, nindrA, cintA, sveda, rAja, dveSa, maraNa rahita hote hai / ve jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya, antarAya, jaise sAtha ke 28, upAdhyAya ke 25 aura prAcArya ke pAtiyA karmoM kA nAza kara cakate hai| ve jovanmukta niya. 36 guNa hote hai vase hI prahanta ke 46 guNa hote hai -34 mataH muktizrI ke nikaTa bhaviSya meM pradhikAge hAta hai| atizaya, 8 prAtihAyaM aura 4 ananta catuSTaya / 34 prati kSapakazreNI mArUtu jIvAtmA nizcaya se prarahanta hAta hai| zayo me se 10 atizaya janma ke 1. kevala jJAna ke, bhora pahanta eka se adhika eka sAtha ho sakate hai para tIrtha kara 14 devakRta atizaya hai| atizaya kA artha prAja kI nahI, isalie unake pAMca kalyANaka honA bhI anivArya bhASA meM 'asAdhAraNatA' karanA ucita hogaa| nahIM hai / jo solaha kAraNa bhAvanAmoM kA citavana karate prahanta zarIra se sundara-sugandhita hote hai / ve sveda hai, tIrthakara prakRti kA banya karate hai ve ho tIrthakara hAte mala mUtra rahita hote hai| ve hita-mita-priyabhASI, pratulita haiN| tIrthakara yA mahanta bhI nijAna nikAma, nirIha bhAva valI, zvetarudhira, 1008 lakSaNa samacatussa sasthAna vaca se dharmacakra kA pravartana karate hai / saMskRta ke eka sukavi ka vRSabhanArAca sahanana vAle hote hai / jisa sthAna me ahaMnta zabdo me unakI vANI kA sArAza yaha hai hote hai vahA se mau yojana taka sukAla hotA hai / ve prAkAza pAsavobhavahetusyAt savarA mokSakAraNam / me gamana karate hai| unakA mukha cAroM ora dikhatA hai| itIya mAhaMtI dRSTi ramya dasyAH adayA kA prabhAva aura upasarga (upadrava) kA bhI prabhAva hotA prapacanam / / hai| ve sarvasAdhAraNa sadRza grAsa vAlA pAhAra nahI lete hai| arthAt prAsrava sasAra kA aura savara mokSa kA kAraNa ve mamasta vidyApo ke svAmI hote hai, unake na nakha-keza bar3hate hai| itanI ho prahanta kI dRSTi hai| zeSa sabhI imo kA hai aura na netroM ko palake jhAkatI hai tathA na zarIra kI vistAra hai| mahanta, arahanta, prArahanta, aruhanta, pAhA zabda chAyA par3atI hai / ve eka hI cira-yuvA hote hai jo janma kA artha unakI vAstavika vyutpatti kI dRSTi se samakSa jarA maraNa se sudUra hote hai| hI hai / prarahana zabda ke bhinna-bhinna bhASAmro me nimna. prahanta kI bhApA paddhamAgadhI hotI hai| unake prabhAva likhita rUpa hai, jisakA bhASA vijJAna sAkSI hai.se sabhI jIva mitra sadaza rahate hai / dazo dizAo ke sAtha bhASA rUpa bhASA rUpa prAkAza nirmala hotA hai| chaho Rtupro ke phala-phala-dhAnya saskRta prahana tamila bhavaha eka samaya phalate hai| eka yojana taka pRthvI dapaMNa kI taraha prAkRta prarihanta prAbhraza malahatu, bhaliho svaccha hotI hai| jaba pahanta vihAra karate hai taba unake pAli marihata kAvar3a parahanta, prAnta caraNo ke nIce devatA sIdha svarNakamala ravate hai / prAkAza mAgadhI alahana, pralihA
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________________ 68, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta amarakoSa meM jahAM "sarvajJo vItarAgo arhan kevalI yA araNya, nIcA sthAna ho yA U~cA, vaha bhUmi ramaNIka tIrtha kRjjinaH" kahA gayA vahA nAmamAlA me sarvajJo hai| una ramaNIya araNyo me, jahA~ sAdhAraNa loga ramaNa vItarAgo'rhana kevalI dharmaca kamata" kahA gyaa| bhartahari ne nahI karate hai. vahA~ kAmanApoM ke pIche nahI bhaTakane vAle zRGgArazataka me "syAdvAdika: pAhata:" kahA to Rgveda me vItarAga jana ramaNa krege| aisI vividha bAteM dhammapada "pahana vibhaSi sAyakAni" kahA gyaa| me mahanta ke viSaya kahI gaI haiN| prahanta ke viSaya me pahAta : baukha vRSTi ullekhanIya hai ki jisane apane ko jIta liyaa| vaha yuddha me jisakA mArga samApta ho cukA hai, jo zokarahita jItane vAlo se bar3hakara hai aura dharma kA eka padazreSTha hai aura rin a ini kA sake jise sunakara zAnti prApta ho jAtI hai| "ravINasava para hIna yAna loga hana" arthAt prahanta prAsrava se kSINa hote hai| "nasthi udyoga karate hai, ve gaha meM ramaNa nahI karate hai| jisa jAgarato bhayaM" arthAta jAgane vAle ko bhaya nahI hai to tapati tejamA" buddha teja meM prakAzina hai| prakAra haMsa jalAzaya kA parityAga kara cale jAte hai usI tathAgata prahaMta hai, samyaka sambaddha hai| ve do anta prakAra ve (pahanta) loga bhI gahoM ko tyAga dete hai| jo aSTAMgika madhyama mArga, cAra pAyaM satya ke sandezavAhaka vastUmoM kA saMcaya nahI karate hai, jinheM zanyatAsvarUpa hai| mahanta se prAzaya makta puruSa kA hai| ahaMnta zAmtA nimittarahita mokSa dikhAI par3atA hai, unakI gati usI bhikSo ke lie upadeza dete hai - bhikSugro, bahujana prakAra kaThinAI se jAnane yogya hai jisa prakAra kaThinAI ke hita ke lie, bahajana ke sukha ke lie, se jAnane jAnane yogya hai jiga prakAra prAkAza meM pakSiyo loka para dayA karane ke lie, devatAyo aura kI gati kaThinAI se jAnane yogya hotI hai| jinake citta ke manuSyo ke prayojana ke lie, sukha ke lie vicaraNa kro| maila kSINa ho gaye hai, jo prAhAra me anAsakta hai, jise prArambha, madhya aura anta mabhI avasthApro meM kalyANakAraka zanyatAsvarUpa nimittarahita mokSa dikhAI detA hai, usakI dharma kA usake zabdo aura bhAvoM sahita upadeza karake gati usI prakAra kaThinAI se jAnane yogya hai jisa prakAra sarvAza me parizuddha paripUrNa brahmacarya kA prakAza kro| prAkAza meM pakSiyoM kI gati kaThinAI se jAnane yogya hai| grahanta dharma ko mugrAkhyAna karate hai| dugna ke kSaya ke hetu jima prakAra sArathI ke dvArA ghoDo kA damana kiyA jAtA brahmacarya pAlane ko kahate hai| udyogI hI, pAlamI na bano, hai usI prakAra jimakI indriyA zAta ho gaI hai. aise abhi- sucarita dharma kA prAcaraNa karo, yaha preraNA dete hai| dharmamAnarahita prAsravavihIna manuSya (arhanta) kI devatA bhI cArI puruSa isa loka vaparaloka meM mukha meM sotA hai| pravajita cAha karate haiN| hone para nAma-gotra se vilaga sabhI zramaNa hote hai / janma se par3havI samo na virujjhati indra khIlUpamota disubbto| na koI brAhmaNa hotA hai na abrAhmaNa, karma se hI koI brAhmaNa rahado apeta kadadamo saMsArI na bhavati taadino|| yA abrAhmaNa hotA hai| buddha arahaMta zAzvatavAda-uccheda jo pRthvI ke samAna kSabdha nahIM hotA, jo indra ke bAda donoM se pare hai| unake upadeza kA sAra yaha haisamAna vrata me dRr3ha hai, jo jalAzaya ke samAna kIcaDa se sabba pApassa akaraNaM kusalassa upasaMpadA / zamya hai, usake lie saMsAra nahI hotA hai| jo manuSya sacinta pariyodapanaM etaM baddhAnusAsanaM // yathArtha jJAna kI prApti se vimakta aura upazAna ho gayA arthAt samasta pApo kA tyAga karanA, samasta puNya kamoM hai, aise manuyya kA mana zAnta ho jAtA hai, ugI vANI kA saMcaya karanA, apane citta ko nirmala, pavitra rakhanA, aura karma zAnta hote hai / jo manuSya adhazraddhA se rahita yahI buddha kA anuzAsana hai| buddha-parahanta pATha anuhai, jo prakRta nirvANa ko jAnane vAlA hai, jo avakAza hala caghanIya niyamo svIkRti para bhikSuNI saMgha kI sthApanA rahita hai, jisane tRSNA kA parityAga kara diyA, vahI uttama karate hai / ve mana-vacana-kAya ke duzcarita ko pApa pAku. puruSa hai| jahAM prahanta vivaraNa karate hai, vaha cAhe grAma hA zana dharma kiyA kahate hai| ve svadharma me para dharmAnuyAya!
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________________ bihAra ke bihArI : pratihata pahaMnta ko dIkSita kara bhI unase pUrva vyayahAra chor3ane ko nahI kara prahanta banane utanA parizrama kareM, jitanA bhI zakyakahate hai / maitrI, karuNA, maditA kI bhAvanA ko jIvana ke sambhava ho| vikAsa ke lie prAvazyaka mAnate haiN| ve pAMca kAma guNa rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ke uttarAdhikArI, sarvadharmamArya vinaya meM jaMjIra mAnate hai aura pAca nIvaraNa kama mArya vinaya meM prAvaraNa mAnate hai / ve buddha (paramatatvajJa), samabhAva ke ikchuka binovA bhAve ke zabdo meM kahe -"mahaMna idaM dayame vizvaM abhavam (Rgveda)-he mahan ! tuma isa dharma (paramatatva), sagha (paramatatva rakSaka samadAya) kI tuccha duniyA para dayA karate ho / prahaMn aura dayA dono zaraNa anIva prAvazyaka mAnate hai| prANAtipAta vimaraNa -- pahisA, prAdinnAdAna viramaNa -- caurI, kAma mithyAcAra hI janoM ke pyAre zabda hai| sAmudAyika mAsAhAra nivRtta vimaraNa-adhyAbhicAra, mRSAvAda vimaraNa --- aTa tyAga, kA mabame pahalA zreya zAyada jano ko hI hai| bAda me bauddha, surA meraya madya pramAda sthAna viramaNa - nazA tyAga kA vaiSNava, brAhmaNa Adi ne usako svIkAra kiyaa| buddha kI parAmarza dete hai| ve nirupAdhizeSa samyaka sambaddha hote hai| zikSApro kA dhammapada me samAyojana hai aura ve sahaja bhAva ve tIthoM ke nirmAtA ratapoM ke prAdhAra hota hai| prabadra pAThaka se bhI svIkAra kara sakate hai / bhagavAna baddha kI jo ijjata anubhava kareMge ki mahanta viSayaka jaina aura bauddha daSTi meM kAphI brahma deza aura tibbata me hai vaha hamAre lie bahuta bar3I bAta hai / boddha dharma me karuNA para jora hai aura jaino me kyA samAnatA tathA kama asamAnatA hai| prahanta zoka rahita niyukta gaha tyAgI amaMgrahI pranAzakta jitendriya yathArtha- pAnA tyAgI prasaMgI prajAsatamA khaanaa-kyaa-n-gvaan| pr| vida hone hai, ve tabNA aura pramAda ke parityAgI hokara jAgana baddha kA dharma karuNAmUlaka parantu vairAgyapradhAna hai| unakA kSetra mAnavatA hai / jano kA dharma bhI karuNAmUnaka hai, loka hitaiSI hote hai| unako anubhava malaka dezanA hai| jA to shii| para usakA kSetra mAnava nahIM samUcA jIva jagata rAga meM anurakta hai ve tRSNA ke srota me jA paDate hai. jima hai, usameM na vihvalatA hai, na khalabalI, usame hai taTasthatA / prakAra makar3I apane svayaM ke banAye jAla meM phasa jAtI hai, para nimpaha dhaMyaMzAlI loga ise kATakara saba dukho ko prAcArya kundakunda ne prarahanta ko puNya kA phala kahA / unheM premaTha zalAkA kA pUruSoM meM zIrSastha mAnA / aneka bauddha choDakara saMsAra meM virakta hone hai / jaba manuSya pAlasI bana vidvAnoM ne mahanta kI bhakti viSayaka bAte likhii| upanijAtA hai, jyAdA khAne vAlA nidrAlu ho jAtA hai karavaTa badala. pada aura gItA kI zikSApro me prahenta kA yaha kathana madhya badalakara sotA hai taba khA-pIkara moTe bane hue suara ke kaDI ke samAna Aja bhI paThanIya, mananIya, cintanIya, samAna vaha mUrkha bAra-bAra janma letA hai| gItA kI dRSTi se gahaNIya hai-jo mamabhAva se baratatA hai, jo zAnta, damana gahaNIya hai-jo mamabhAva me araat "jAtastha dhruvaM mRtyuH dhruvaM janma mRtasya ca" anubhava karatA hai| zIla, saMyamI, brahmacArI hai, jisane daNDatyAga karake saba zaMkarAcArya ke zabdo me "punarapi jananaM, jananI jaThare zayana, bhUto ko prabhaya diyA hai vaha brAhmaNa hai, vaha zramaNa hai, vaha punarapi maraNa bhugatatA hai| yaha sUrya satya hRdayagama kara vaha bhikSa hai| yadi hama cirakAla se 84 lAkha yoniyoM me bhaTakate hue janma-maraNa se tilatuSamAtra bhI bhayabhIta hae hoM to ahaMnta bajAjakhAnA, jAvarA (ma.pra.) jaisA prAcaraNa kare, unake dvArA upadezita mArga para cala. 000 (pRSTha 65 kA zeSAMza) aila vaza (cNdrvNsh)| ve paramparA virodhI hone se apramANa hai| zrI baladevajI upAdhyAya ne apanI sarjanA 'purANa- uparokta uddharaNoM siddha hai ki "isa deza kA nAma vimarza' (pR. 333) meM likhA hai ki prAcIna nirukti ke jima 'bharata ke nAma para mAratavarSa par3A aura prakhyAta anusAra svAyabhuva manu ke putra the priyavana, jinake putra the humA, vaha duSyanta-zakuntalA putra 'bharata' (caMdravaMzIya) se nAbhi / nAbhi ke putra the RSabha, unake zataputroM meM jyeSTha hajAroM varSa pUrva sUrya-vaMza ma huprA / jina sUrya vazoyo bharata the / unhoMne pitA se siMhAsana prApta kiyA aura kA prAcIna sAhitya ma ullekha milatA hai, ve isI RSabha inhI rAjA bharata' ke nAma para yaha pradeza 'ajanAbha' se putra 'bharata' kI santAna hai, aura bharata-vaMza' ke nAma se parivartita hokara bhAratavarSa kahalAne lgaa| jo loga prasiddha hai / duSyanta-putra 'bharata' ke nAma para yaha nAmakaraNa mAnate hai, basantI kaTarA (ThaTharI bAjAra), vArANasI 000
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________________ brahma jinadAsa aura unakI hindI-sAhitya ko dena ____D DA0 premacanda rAMvakA, jayapura mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa 15vI zatAbdI ke saskRta. gRhastha-jIvana prAdi kA kahIM kucha vivaraNa nahIM miltaa| hindI vAGmaya ke udbhaTa vidvAn evaM kavi the| inhone parantu prArambha se hI sakalakIti ke saMgha kA prAzraya prAtmasaMskRta evaM hindI bhASA ke mAdhyama se mA bhAratI kI sAdhanA kI utkaTa lagana aura sarvatra prapanI racanAmoM me anupama sevA kii| saMskRta-bhASA meM choTe baDhe 13 kAvyoM apane nAma ke pUrva 'brahma' evaM 'brahmacArI' zabda kA prayoma evaM hindI bhASA 60 se bhI adhika laghu vahat kAvyoM ke ye siddha karate hai ki brahma jinadAma bAla brahmacArI the| praNayana se mAM bhAratI ke bhaNDAra ko bharakara apanA amUlya jinezvara kA bhakta hone ke kAraNa apane kA 'jinadAsa' yoga diyaa| kahA hai| inake janma evaM nidhana ke sambandha meM bhI antaH sAkSya anya prAcIna kaviyoM kI bhAMti 'brahma jinadAsa' ne evaM bahisakSyi ke prAdhAra para abhI taka koI nizcita' bhI apanI kisI kRti ko prazasti meM apanA paricaya nahI jAnakArI nahIM milI hai| pa0 paramAnandajI zAstrI eva diyA hai| kevala jambasvAmI caritra eva harivaza purANa DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAna ne inakA janma samaya kramaza kI prazastiyoM me bhaTTAraka sakalakoti ko apanA agraja vi0 saM0 1443 eva vi0 sa0 1445 ke bAda kA mAnA bhrAtA eva guru batAyA hai / sakala 'kotinurAsa' me bhaTTA0 hai| savat 1481 me bhaTTA0 sakalakoti na brahma jinadAsa sakalakoti kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| usI ke anusAra ke prAgraha se 'mUlAcAra pradIpa' jaise ukATi ke prAcAra. brahma jinadAsa ke pitA karNasiMha evaM mAtA zobhA praNahila- zAstra kI racanA kii| usa samaya brahma jinadAsa kI prAyu pura paTTaNa ke nivAsI haMbaDavaMzIya the| samRddha parivAra kama se kama 20-25 varSa kI to avazya honI caahie| thaa| para isa samRddhi ke prati brahma jinadAsa kA koI isa dRSTi se 'brahma jinadAsa' kA janma vi0 sa0 1460 lagAva na thaa| ye apane pragraja bhrAtA bhaTTA0 sakala kIti yA isase pUrva kA honA caahie| ke samAna prArambha se hI grahastha evaM saMsAra se virakta rahe / brahma jinadAsa ne apano kevala do racanAyo me hI unake sAtha-sAtha tIrthayAtrA, prAtma-sAdhanA evaM sAhitya- racanAkAla diyA hai, anyatra kisI me nhii| eka 'rAma sajana me rata rahane lge| inake bAlyakAla, zikSA-dIkSA, rAsa' kA racanAkAla sa01508 eva dUsare 'harivaMza purANa 1. rAjasthAna ke jaina santa : DA. kastUracanda kAsalI- DA0 kAsalIvAla, pR063| vAla, pR0 23 / 5. saMvata caudaha sau ikyAsI bhalA, zrAvaNa mAsa mhNtre| 2. zrI sakalakIrati guru praNamIni, pUNimA divase pUraNa kiyA, mUlAcAra mhtre|| muni bhuvanakIrati bhavatAra / bhrAtA anugraha thakI, kIdhA gratha mahata re / / brahma jiNadAma kahe niramano, rAsa kiyo mesAra // -mUlAcAra pradIpa, bhaTTA0 sakalakItikRta / / - prAdipurANa rAsa 6. sara brahmacArI gurupUrvako'sya, 3. bhrAtAsti tasya prathitaH pRthivyA sadbrahmacArI jina- bhrAtA guNajJosti vizuddhacittaH / dAsa naamaa| -jamba svAmI caritra // 28, jinezabhakto jinadAsa nAmA, 4. rAjasthAna ke jaina santa : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva : kAmArijetA vidito dharim // 26 // harivaMzapurANa
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________________ bA jinavAsa aura unakI hindI sAhitya ko baina rAsa' kA racanAkAla saM0 1520 haiN| inake atirikta inake atirikta anya kisI guru kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| svayaM kavi ne anyatra kisI bhI kAla savat kA ullekha apane ina donoM gurupoM ke prati brahma jinadAsa kI pragAr3ha nahI kiyA hai| parantu 'padmA' nAmake kavi ne apane bhakti eva prasIma zraddhA thii| apane uddhAra ke lie kavi 'varddhamAna rAsa' kI racanA me 'brahma jinadAsa' kI sahAyatA ne aneka sthAnoM para apane guru se apanI dIkSA kI yAcanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa rAsa kA racanAkAla saM0 kI hai / 'guru jayamAla' nAmaka 14 padyoM kI laghu-racanA meM 1516 diyA gayA hai| isI prakAra, gajavAsaudA (ma0pra0) guru kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| ke bUr3hepurA ke jaina mandira me brahma jinadAsa ke upadeza brahma jinadAsa eka sAtha vidvAna, saMta evaM kavi tInoM se pratiSThita sa0 1516 kI mUrti prApta huI hai|' hI the| unakA adhikAza samaya prAtma-sAdhanA ke atirikta ina sabase kavi kA samaya vi0 sa. 1460 se vi0 sa0 adhyayana eva adhyApana me vyatIta hotA thaa| unhone apane 1520 to sunizcita hai / mUrti kA lekha isa prakAra hai- ziSyoM ko hindI eva saMskRta kA jJAna karAkara uname dharma eva sAhitya ke prati ruci jAgRta kI aura sAhitya-sajana ''sa0 1516 mAgha sudI 5 zrI mUlasaghe bha0 ko preraNA dii| unake santatva, vidvattA evaM kavitva se sakalakItideva: tacchiSya brahmazrIjinadAsasya upadezAt bra0 unake sama-sAmayika vidvAna, zrAvaka-zrAvikAe evaM ziSya. mallidAma jogaDA poravADa sAhu nAU bhAryA nei bhrAtA gaNa prabhAvita he| unakI racanAmoM kI bhinna-bhinna ghaNA bhAryA harSI nityaM praNamati / " kAloM eva sthAno para kI gaI pratilipiyA isa tathya kI isase pratIta hotA hai ki brahma ji nadAsa pratiSThAcArya sAkSI hai| bhI the / vaise bhaTTA. sakalakIti ke mAnnidhya me unhone jahA taka unake ziSya-sampradAya kA sambandha hai, hame kaI pratiSThAno ma bhAga liyaa| inake samaya meM bhaTTA0 abhI taka unake cha. ziSyo kI jAnakArI milI hai| unake sakalakIti dvArA pratiSThita praneko pratimAe udayapura, harivaMza pugaNa vI prazasti me manAhara, mallidAsa eva guNa. Dagarapura Adi sthAno meM milatI hai aura apane samaya dAsa ina tIna ziSyo kA tayA paramabama rAma meM ne midAsa kA ke zrAvako ko jinAlayo ke nirmANa evaM jIrNoddhAra kI tathA eka anya kRti me zAntidAma kA ullekha milatA hai| preraNA dii| rAmasItA rAma ke kartA guNa-kIti bhI inhI ke ziSya brahma jinadAsa ne apane sabhI kAvyo ke prArambha eva the| cArudatta rAsa me DA. mallidAsa evaM nemidAsa kA prata meM apane guru bhaTTA* sakalakIrti evaM bhaTTA0 bhuvana- ullekha hai| kIti kA bahI hI prAdara-bhAvanA se guNa-gAna kiyA hai| mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa apane guru eva agraja bhaTTA 1. saMvata pannara aThotarA, mAnasira mAsa visAla / 4. zrI sakalakIrati pAya praNamIna, zukla pakSa caudisi dinI, gasa kiyo guNamAla // muni bhuvana kIrti guru caga / -rAmarAsa, // 6 // cArudatta guNa vazaNavaM. savata panara vIsotare, vaMzAkha mAsa vIzAla / brahma jiNadAsa bhaNe mana raga // 1 // cArudatta rAsa / sukala pakSa caudasa dine, rAsa kiyo guNamAla / / 5. zISya manohara rUvar3A, brahma malidAga guNadAsa / - harivaMza rAsa, // 6 // par3ho paDhAvo bahu bhAksa, jima hoya mauravya nivAsa / / // 4 // rAmarAsa / 2. varddhamAna rAsa : padamA kavi-mAmera zAstra bhaNDAra, brahma jinadAsa ziSya niramalA, nemidAsa suvicAra / / jypur| --paramahaMsa rAsa 3. anekAnta :50 paramAnanda zAstrI, varSa 24, kiraNa 6. rAjasthAna ke jaina santa : 5, pR0 227 / DA. kasturacanda kAsalIvAla, pR. 186 / / -paramaha
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________________ 72, varSa 31, ki0 3.4 sakalakIti ke sadaza sAhitya-sajana meM agraNI rhe| vividha caritra kAvya paraka-4. ajita jinezvara rAsa, 5. hanuvidhAmoM me racita inakA vizAla sAhitya inheM sarasvatI maMta rAma, 6. jIvaMdhara rAsa, 7. jaMbUsvAmI rAsa, kA varada putra siddha karatA hai| prAkRta, saskRta, gujara.tI 8 yazodhara rAsa, 9 ambikAno rAsa, 10 sUkumAla evaM rAjasthAnI prAdi bhASAmoM para inakA prapanA aSi svAmI rAsa, 11. gautama svAmI rAsa, 12. zreNika rAsa, kAra thA tathApi lokabhASA maru gurjara se inakA vizeSa anu- 13. dhanmakumAra rAsa, 14. bhaviSya dasa rAsa, 15. zrIpAla rAga thA / saMskRta kevala vidvAnoM ke bodhagamya thii| prataH rAsa, 16 nAgakumAra rAsa, 17. sudarzana rAsa, 18. jana sAmAnya kI dRSTi se inhoMne apane samaya kI bhadrabAhu rAsa, 26. cArudatta rAsa (NamokAra rAsa), 20. pracalita lokabhASA me (jisameM kabIra eva mIrA kA nAgazrI rAsa (gatribhojana rAsa) 21 rohiNI rAsa / sAhitya milatA hai) apanA 80 pratizata sAhitya rcaa| pratizata sAhitya rcaa| pAkhyAna paraka kAvya-22 samakita aSTAMga kathA rAsa, yahI nahI, padmapurANa, harivaMza purANa eva jamba svAmI caritra 23 sAsara vAmA ko rAsa, 24 holI rAsa, 25. jaise vizAla pratho kA praNayana, saMskRta meM karane ke pazcAta mahAyakSa vidyAdhara kathA / punaH usI vizAla rUpa se hindI me bhI kiyA gayA / deza dAnakathA kAvya 6 lubdhadatta vinayavatI kathA, 27. bhASA meM kAvya-racanA kA kAraNa kavi ne "prAdi purANa sUkAta sAha kI kathA 28. dhanapAla kathA rAma / rAsa" ke prArambha me udAharaNa dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai|' vratakathA kAvya--26. solaha kAraNa rAsa, 3.. dazapaM0 paramAnanda zAstrI ne jaina si0 bhA0 me kavi kI 46 lakSaNa kathA gama, 31. akSaya dazamI gasa, 32. nirdoSa racanAmoM kA ullekha viyA hai|' DA. kasturacanda saptamI rAsa, 33. moDa saptamI rAsa, 34 candana kAsalIvAla ne inakI saskRta kI 12 evaM hindI kI 55 SaSThI kathA rAsa, 35. AkAza pacamI kathA rAsa, kRtiyo kA ullekha kiyA hai eva viziSTa kRtiyo kA 36. pUSpAMjali rAsa, 37 ravivrata kacA, 38. ananta sakSipta paricaya dekara inhe 'rAsa ziromaNi' siddha kiyA vrata rAsa / hai| mujhe apane anasadhAna me prabhI taka isa kavi kI kUla pUjAkathA kAvya-36. purandara vidhAna kathA, 40.jyeSTha 80 kRtiyoM kI upalabdhi huI hai, jiname 67 hindI kI va jinavara pUjA kathA, 41. mAliNI pUjA kathA, 42. zeSa saskRta kI hai| viSaya-vastu ko dRSTi se hindI-kRtiyo meDUkanI pUjA kathA / kA vargIkaraNa nimna prakAra hai :-- rUpaka kAdhya-43. paramahasa raas| ye saba prabandhAtmaka purANa kAsya paraka-1. prAdi purANa rAsa, 2' rAmarAsa kAvya haiN| nimnalikhita pragItAtmaka haiM :padmapurANa rAsa 3. harivaza purANa rAsa siddhAntaparaka kAvya:- 44. samadita mithyAta rAsa 45. 1. bhavIyaNa mAvaI suNau mAja rAsa kahU manohara / mAdi purANa jorakarI, kavitta karUM manohara // 1 // bAla gopAla jima par3hai suNai, jANe bhubhed| jina sAsaNa guNa niramalA, mithyA matacheda // 2 // kaThiNa nAlIpa ne dIji mAlA hAtha, te svAda na jANe / cholyA kelyA dAkha deje, te guNa bahu mAne // 3 // tIma e prAdi purANa sAra, desa bhaSA bakhANu / prakaTa guNa jIma vostare, jina sAsaNa vakhANu // 4 // ratana mANika hIrA jagA joti, pArakhe majANa na jaanne| tIma jiNa sAsaNa bheda guNa, bholA kima varavANi // 5 // tIha kAraNi e rAsa-caMga, karu' guNavata / bhavIyaNa mana saMtoSa yaga, rIjhe jayavaMta // 6 // -pAdi purANa rAsa 2. jaina siddhAntabhAskara, pArA (bihAra) bhAga-25, kiraNa-1, pRSTha 26 / 3. rAjasthAna ke jaina santa : vyaktitva eva kRtitva, pR0-24125 / 4. saMskRta sAstra jorakarI, sugami kIyo guNamAla / bAla bodha ati rUbaDo, prakaTa kare guNa visAla // -va0 bha0 rAsa 5. saMskRta saloka baMdhae, kIghu haNamaMta esatA / vistAra se kathA jANavIe, padmapurANa majhArisa / / bhavIyaNanaNa saMzodhavAe, rAma kI imi caMgatu / ajaNA guNa bahuvaraNakAe, hanumanta sahita utaMgatu / / -hanumanta rAsa
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________________ 73 bA jinadAsa aura unakI hindI sAhitya ko dena maThAvIsa mUlaguNa rAsa, 46. bAraha vrata gIta 47. logoM ne unakI pratibhA ko phicaanaa| unake samaya meM caudaha guNa sthAna rAsa, 48. pratimA gyAraha kA raas| hI unake granthoM kI pratilipiyoM kI yatra-tatra svAdhyAya upadezaparaka kAya-46 nijamani saMbodhana, 50.jIvaDA hetu mAMga hone lgii| unako kAvya-racanA jana-jIvana ke gIta, 51. canaDI gItA, 52. dharmataru gIta, 53. nikaTa thii| upalabdha pAMDalipiyoM kI prazastiyAM yaha tathya zarIra sakala gIta / ujAgara karatI haiM ki kavi ke lokavANI meM prathamAnayoga statiparaka kAvya-54. mAdinAtha stavana, 55. tIna kAvyoM ke praNayana meM bhata preraka ziSyagaNa, zrAvaka-zrAvi. caubasI vinatI, 56. jyeSTha jinavara lahAna, 57. kAe evaM vidvAna the| kAlAntara me bhI una kAvyoM kI jinavara pUjA holI, 58. paca parameSThI guNa varNana, samaya-samaya para pratilipiyAkI gaI aura bhinna-bhinna 56 girinAri dhavala, 60. guru jayamAla, 61. jina jinAlayo meM unhe svAdhyAyArtha virAjamAna kiyA gyaa| vANI guNamAlA, 62. pUjA gIta, 63. gaurI bhAsa, isa svanAmadhanya mahAkavi ne apanI 60 se bhI 64. mithyAdukkaDa biintii| adhika kRtiyoM se hindI vAGmaya ko samRddha kiyA / hindI sphuTa kAvya---65. caurAsI nyAti mAlA, 66 baMka cala sAhitya ke prAdikAla me 40 se bhI adhika rAsa-kAvyoM kA sa, 67. dharmaparIkSA rAsa, 68. karmavipAkana dvAdazA kathA, 66. premA cakravartI / praNayana brahma jinadAsa kI apanI dena hai| unakA pratyeka kAvya-rUpa kI dRSTi se ye racanAeM prabandha kAvya ke| rAma-kAvya prabandha kAvya kI sImA ko pahaMcatA mahAkAvya, aura khaNDa kAvya tathA gIti kAvya ke aMtargata hai| maM01508 meM racita prakelA 'rAma-rAmo'-rAjasthAnI bhI vibhakta kI jA sakatI haiN| purANa evaM carita kAvya bhASA kI prathama jaina rAmAyaNa jisakAullekha hindI ke mahAkAvya kI sImA meM parigaNanIya hai to prAkhyAnaparaka phAdara kAmila tathA bulke ne 'rAmakathA paramparA' se kiyA hai| kAvya khaNDakAvya kI mImA ko pahuMcate hai| zeSa racanAe jo go0 tulasIdAsa ke rAmacarita mAnasa se savA-sau varSa maktaka yA pragItikAvya ko vidhA meM samAviSTa ho sakatI pUrva kA hai, kisI bhI dRSTi se mAnasa se kama mahatva nahI hai / ina vizAla racanAo ke dhanI mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa rkhtaa| yaha rAma-rAso lagabhaga 6500 zabda pramANa hai| isame bahamukhI pratibhAsampanna the| jaina siddhAnta ke gahana adhya. yana ke sAtha-mAtha bhaktiparaka sAhitya ke nirmANa me unakI koI atyukti nahI ki samUce hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa me brahma jinavAsa apanI sAnI nahI rkhte| viziSTa ruci thii| sAhitya kI vividha vidhAnoM-purANa, kAvya, carita, kathA, stavana, pUjA prAdi ke rUpa me mA-bhAratI apanI utkaTa prAtma-sAdhanA ke sAtha guru-bhakti, ke bhaNDAra ko pUrNa karane me isa mahAkavi ne koI kasara nahI tAthATana, niyAmata svAdhyAya, pratiSThAmrA kA saMcAlana chodd'ii| ina sabake mAdhyama se prAtmotthAna kavi kA eka mAtra pAra phira ucca aura phira uccakoTi kA vizAla sAhitya-sajana, ye saba pratipAdya lakSya thaa| kavi kI racanAyeM kisI eka sthAna para kArya brahma jinadAsa jaise bahumakhI vyaktitva kI hI manapama upalabdha nahIM hotii| IDara, bAsavAr3A, mAgavAr3A, galiyA- dena hai / ve apratima pratibhAo ke dhanI the, jiname eka koTa, Dugarapura udayapura aura RSabhadeva prAdi gujarAta evaM rAja. sAtha adbhuta vidvattA, ucca koTi ke sAdhutva, apane pArAdhya sthAna ke sImAvartI pradezo meM kavi ke mukhyata. bihAra eva sAdhanA ke prati pragADha bhakti ke sAtha-sAtha anupama kavitvazakti mora sthala rhe| prata. ina pradezo ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroMme kavi avicalita prAtma-sAdhanA ke sabhI guNa vidyamAna haiM / kA sAhitya vizeSa rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai / vaise jayapUra, isIlie unakA sAhitya prANi-mAtra ke iha laukika evaM ajamera, pratApagaDha, dillI prAdi sthAnoM ke jana zAstrA. pAralaukika jIvana kA abhyudayakAraka hone se pUrNata: satya gAro meM bhI unka sAhitya kI ane kI pratiyA mila jAtI ziva pora sundara se prota-prota hai| vastutaH brahma jinadAsa hai / isame kavi kI prasidi evaM usake sAhitya kI loka. kI hindI sAhitya ko ullekhanIya dena hai| ve apane yuga ke priyatA kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| pratinidhi kavi hai| bhaktikAlIna sata sAhitya meM ve sarvopari brahma jinadAsa una virale saubhAgyazAlI santa mahA gaNanIya haiM / bhAva, bhASA, vastu-vidhAna prAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM kaviyoM meM the, jinheM apane samaya meM hI prasiddhi mila jAtI se unakA kAnva-sajana ullekhanIya hai / hindI vAGmaya kI hai| unhoMne apane kAvyoM kI racanA ke lie apane samaya pratulanIya sevA kI dRSTi se hindI sAhitya-saMsAra sadA kI loka pracalita hindI-bhASA ko mAdhyama cunaa| isase sarvadA mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa kA kRtajJa rhegaa| jana-sAmAnya ko bauddhika khurAka milii| sama-sAmayika rAjakIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, manoharapura (jayapura)
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________________ jaina devakula meM yakSI cakrezvarI DhA. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, vArANasI hindU eva bauddha dharmoM ke samAna hI jaina dharma bhIbhArata ko zAsanadevatA ke rUpa meM niyukta kiyA thaa| jaina graMtha kA eka pramukha dharma rahA hai / jaina dharma kA astitva lagabhaga harivaMza purANa (8vI zatI) ke 66veM sarga meM spaSTa pAThavIM zatI I0pU0 meM 23veM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke samaya ullekha hai ki 24 jino ke nikaTa rahakara unakI sevA meM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAn sindhu sabhyatA karane vAle zAsana devatA sajjano kA hita aura zubha kAryoM (lagabhaga 3000 I0 pU0) me jaina dharma kA astitva ~ kI vighnakArI zaktiyo, graha. nAga, bhUta, pizAca, rAkSasa-- pratipAdita karate hai, jise nirNAyaka pramANoM ke abhAva me ko zAnta karate hai / yakSa-yakSI yugaloM ko jina matiyo ke svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jaina devakula ma 24 mihAmana yA sAmAnya pIThikA ke dAhane aura bAyeM choro tIrthakaroM (yA jino) ko sarvocca mahattA pradAna kI gii| para nimapita kiyA gayA hai / lagabhaga navI zatI I0 se inheM devAdhideva kahA gyaa| jaina devakula ke anya sabhI yakSa evaM yakSI kI svatantra mUrtiyA~ prApta hone lagatI hai / devatAoM ko kisI na kisI rUpa meM jino se cavarI (yA apraticakA) prathama jina prAdinAtha unake sahAyaka ke rUpa me saMbaddha kiyA gayA / chaThI se dasavI (yA RSabhanAtha) kI yakSI hai / cakrezvarI jaina devakula kI zatI I. ke madhya tAtrika prabhAva ke phalasvarUpa sabhI dharmoM cAra sarvAdhika lokapriya yakSiyoM meM eka hai| anya yakSiyA ti meM navIna devatAmoM ko sammilita kara devakula kA vistAra vikA, padamAvato aura siddhAyikA hai, jo kramazaH 22veM, kiyA gayA / jaina devakUla meM vRddhi kI yaha pratriyA chaThI zatI 23veM evaM 24veM tIrthaMkaro neminAtha, pArzvanAtha eva mahAI. meM prArambha huI aura terahavI-caudahavI zatI I. taka vIra kI yakSiyA hai| jaina cakrezvarI ke svarUpa para viSNu calatI rhii| chaThI zatI I. meM jino ke sAtha upAsaka kI zakti vaiSNavI (yA cakrezvarI) kA spaSTa parilakSita devatAmoM ke rUpa meM yakSa-yakSI yugaloM ko sazliSTa kiyA hotA hai| jaina lAkSaNika pratho me yaha prabhAva devI ke gayA, jinakI upAsanA se manuSya apanI bhautika AkAM- garur3avAhana evaM bhujA meM cakra ke pradarzana ke sandarbha me dekhA kSAnoM kI pUrti kara sakatA thaa| ullekhanIya hai ki vIta- jA sakatA hai| rAgI jinoM kI upAsanA se sAsArika sukha-samRddhi kI parantu mUrta kano me yaha prabhAva garur3avAhana aura prApti saMbhava nahI thii| bhajAyo me cakra ke atirikta, zakha aura gadA ke pradarzana pAThavI-navI zatI I0 meM, zvetAmbara eva digambara ke sandarbha meM bhI prApta hotA hai| hindU devI vaiSNavI ke paramparA ke granthoM meM pratyeka jina ke sAtha eka svatantra lAkSa- prabhAva kA spaSTa saketa kumAriyA (gujarAta) ke mahAvIra Nika svarUpoM kA nirdhAraNa dasavI-gyAravI zatI I0 yakSa yakSI jaina mandira kI chata para utkIrNa cakrezvarI kI mati me yugala kI kalpanA kI gii| ina yakSa-yakSI yugalo me svatantra dekhA jA sakatA hai / mUrti lekha me jaina yakSI ko 'vaiSNavI' meM humA / yakSa yakSI yugala jinoM ke caturvidha sagha ke zAsana devI kahA gayA hai / viSNudharmottara purANa, rUpamaNDana eva eva rakSaka deva hote hai / jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra kevala devapurANa jaise brAhmaNa gratho me kirITama kuTa se zobhita jJAna prApta hone ke bAda sabhI jino ne apanA prathama upadeza ___ gaDavAhana vaiSNavI kI bhujAno me zakha, cakra, gadA eva devanirmita sabhA (mamavasaraNa) me diyA thA aura usI padma ke pradarzana kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| sabhA me indra ne pratyeka jina ke sAtha eka yakSa-yakSI yugala isI prasaga meM yaha ullekha mAvazyaka hai ki hindU prabhAva
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________________ jaina devakula meM yakSI cakrezvarI 75 kevala jaina yakSo cakrezvarI ke nirUpaNa taka hI sImita nahI kiyA gayA hai| caturbhajA yakSI ko do bhujAmoM me pakra rahA hai / 24 yakSa evaM yakSiyoM kI sUcI meM se adhikAza aura anya do me phala evaM varadamudrA ke pradarzana kA vidhAna ke nAmo eva lAkSaNika vizeSatAmo ko jano ne hindU aura hai| dvAdazabhuja yakSI kI pATha bhujAmoM meM cakra, do meM vajra kucha udAharaNoM me bauddha devoM se grahaNa kiyA thaa| hindU devakula evaM anya do me phala eva varadamudrA pradarzita hogii| viSNu, ziva, brahmA, indra, skanda, kAtikaya, kAlI, gaurI, vAme cakrezvarI devI sthaapydvaadshsbhujaa| sarasvatI, cAmuNDA mora bauddha devakula kI tArA, vaja. dhatte hastaye baje cakrANI ca tathASTam / / zRkhalA, vacatArA eva vajA kuzI ke nAmo ghora lAkSa- ekena bIjapUraM tu varavA kmlaasnaa| Nika vizeSatAoM ko jaina dharma meM grahaNa kiyA gayA / jaina caturbhUjAthavAcakaM dvayorgaDavAhanaM / / devakula ke garur3a, varuNa, kumAra yakSo, pora ambikA, -pratiSThAsArasaMgraha : 5, 15-16 / padmAvatI, brahmANI yakSiyoM ke nAma hindU devakula sa grahaNa tAtrika atho meM cakrezvarI ke bhayAvaha svarUpa kA ullekha kiye gae, para unakI lAkSaNika vizaSatAe svatantra thii| hai| aime svarUpa meM tIna netro eva bhayakara darzanavAlI yakSI dUsarI pAra brahmA, Izvara, gAmukha, bhRkuTi, SaNmukha, yakSendra, caka, padma, phala eva baja se yukta hai| dakSiNa bhAratIya zvetApAtAla, dharaNandra, kubera yakSo aura cakrezvarI, vijayA, mbara paramparA meM garuDavAhagA cazvarI ko dvAdazabhuja batAyA nirvANI, kAlI, mahAkAlI, tArA, vajrazRkhalA yakSiyA gayA hai, jabaki digambara paramparA meM yakSI SoDazabhuja ke nAmo eva lAkSaNika vizeSatAmA dAno ko hindU dava- hai| bha jAgro ke prAyudhoM ke sandarbha meM uttara bhAratIya parakUla sa prahaNa kiyA gayA thA / yakSa-yakSiyo ke atirikta mparA kA hI anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| jaina devakula ke gama, kRSNa, balarAma, mahAvidyA, mUrta prakanoM meM cakrezvarI sarasvatI, lakSmI, gaNaza, naMgamaSin, bharava eva kSatrapAla mataM prakano ma kirITamukuTa se zAbhita cakrezvarI ko prAdi davA kA bhI hindU devakula sa hI grahaNa kiyA gayA sadaiva mAnava rUpa meM utkIrNa garur3a para pArUr3ha pradarzita thaa| kiyA gayA hai / yakSI kI bhujAo meM cakra ke sAtha hI gadA prAmAzAstrIya grayo ra cakravarI aura zakha kA niyamita citraNa humA hai| kevala ur3IsA se znatAmbara paramparA meM cakrazvarI kA aSTabhuja aura prApta cakrezvarI mUrtiyo me gadA aura zaMkha ke sthAna para digambara paramparA meM canubhuja eva dvAdazabhuja nirUpita khaDga, khaTaka evaM vaca kA pradarzana prApta hotA hai| yakSI kI kiyA gayA hai / dAno hI paramparAmA ma garur3avAhana caka. eka bhujA se sAmAnyataH varadamudrA (yA prabhaya mudrA) pradazita zvarI ke karo meM cakra eva vadha ka pradazana ka sandabha ma hai| devI adhikAzataH eka paira nIce laTakAkara lalita mudrA samAnatA prApta hotI hai / zvetAmbara granya nirvANakAlA meM prAsIna hai| tIrthakara RSabhanAtha kI mUrtiyA ka siMhAsana (10vI zatA) ka anumAra yakSI dakSiNa bhujAmA ma varada- chAro para cakrezvarI kA akana jahA~ pAThavI zatI I0 me mudrA, vANa, cakra, pAza aura vAma ma ghanuSa, vana, cakra, hI prArambha ho gayA, vahI yakSI kI svatantra mUrtiyA navI ma kuza dhAraNa karatI hai| zatI I0 me banIM / zvetAmbara sthalo para paramparA ke vipa__"prapraticakrAbhidhAnA yakSiNI gata cakrezvarI kA kevala caturbhuja svarUpa meM nirUpaNa hI hemavarNA grudd'vaahnaamssttbhujaaN| lokapriya rahA hai| para digambara sthalo para cakrezvarI varadavANacakrapAzayuktadakSiNakagaM kI dvibhuja se vizatimuja mUtiyA bnii| cakrezvarI kI dhanurvanacakrAkuzavAmahastAM ceti // " mUrtiyo ka vikAsa kI dRSTi se digambara sthaloM kI matiyAM --nirvANakalikA : 181 // mahatvapUrNa rahI hai| rAjasthAna evaM gujarAta se zvetAmbara digambara graMtha pratiSThAsArasaMgraha (12vI zatI) me aura anya kSetro se digambara paramparA kI mUrtiyA prApta paravarI kA caturbhuja evaM dvAdazabhuja svarUpo meM dhyAna hotI haiN| dakSiNa bhArata kI mUrtiyo meM garur3avAhana kA
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________________ 76, varSe 32, ki0 3-4 anekAnta citraNa bahuta niyamita nahIM rahA hai| sAtha hI, bhujAmoM meM mora zakha se yukta hai / zaMkha mora gadA kA pradarzana bhI durlabha rahA hai| isa kSetra meM devagar3ha me cakrezvarI kA caturbhuja svarUpa sarvAdhika yakSo kI bhujAmoM meM baka, vana eva padma ke pradarzana meM lokapriya rahA hai / para yakSI ko SaDbhuja, praSTabhuja, dazabhuja niyamitatA prApta hotI hai| eva vizatibhuja svarUpoM meM bhI abhivyakta kiyA gyaa| cakrezvarI ko prAcInatama svatantra mati uttara pradeza ullekhanIya hai ki navI (862 I.) se bArahavI zatI ke ke lalitapura jile meM sthita devagar3ha (digambara) ke maMdira madhya ko cakrezvarI kI sarvAdhika svatantra matiyAM devagar3ha 12 ko bhitti se prApta hotI hai| 862 I0 me nirmita se hI prApta huI hai| adhikAMza udAharaNoM meM kirITama kuTa mandira saM0 12 (zAntinAtha mandira) kI bhitti para jana se pralaMkRta garur3avAhana yakSI ke hAtho meM cakra, zaMkha evaM devakula ko sabhI 24 yakSiyoM kA prakana prApta hotA hai, gadA hai| bahumujo mUrtiyoM meM cakra, zakha, gadA ke atirikta jo 24 yakSiyoM ke sAmahika citraNa kA prArambhikatama kheTaka, khaDga, parazu evaM vajra kA pradarzana lokapriya rahA udAharaNa hai / vibhaga me khar3I caturbhuja cakrezvarI ko sabhI hai |cturbhuj yakSI ko dvibhaMga me khar3I eka mati mandira bhujAnoM me cakra hai / garur3avAhana dAhine pAvaM me namaskAra 12 ke madhamaNDapa ke stambha para utkIrNa hai| yakSI ke karo mudrA meM khar3A hai| matilekha meM yakSI kA nAma 'cakrezvarI' meM varadamudrA, gadA, zakha eva cakra pradarzita hai| SaTbha ja utkIrNa hai / yakSI ke nirUpaNa meM jaina devakala kI pAMcavI cakrezvarI ko eka mUti (11vI zatI I0) madira 12 mahAvidyA praticakrA ke svarUpa kA anukaraNa kiyA gayA ko dakSiNI cahAradIbArI para utkIrNa hai / yakSI varadamudrA, hai, jisakI sabhI bhajAmoM meM cakra ke pradarzana kA vidhAna khaDga, cakra, cakra, gadA eva zaMkha se yukta hai| aSTabhuja rahA hai| mahAvidyA kI dhAraNA yakSI cakrezvarI kI apekSA cakrezvarI ko tIna mUrtiyA hai / gyArahavI zatI kI eka mati prAcIna rahI hai| mandira saM0 1 ke mAnastambha para utkIrNa hai, jisameM yakSI prArambhika dasavI zatI kI do praSTabhuja mUrtiyA kI bhujAno me varadamudrA, gadA, vANa, challA, challA, bajra, madhyapradeza ke vidizA jile meM sthita gyArasapura ke mAlA- cApa evaM zakha hai| maMdira 14 kI bArahavI zatI I0 ko devI mandira ke zikhara para utkoNaM hai| iname pakSI ke eka mUrti me tIna hAtho meM cakra aura zeSa meM daNDa, khaDga, pravaziSTa karo me challA, vaca, cakra, cakra, cakra aura zaMkha abhayamudrA, parazu eva zakha pradarzita hai| pradarzita hai / dasavI zatI kI eka dazabhujA cakrezvarI mani dazabhujA yakSI ko eka mUti mandira 11 ke samakSa purAtAsvika saMgrahAlaya, mathurA (kramAMka-00 Do-6) me ke mAnastambha (1056 I0) para utkIrNa hai ! yakSI varadasurakSita hai| padmAsana para samabhaga me khar3o yakSo kI no mRdrA, vANa, gadA, khaDga cakra, cakra, kheTaka, vajra, dhanuSa eva surakSita majAgo me cakra sthita hai| do se vikAgro se sevita zakha se yukta hai / vizatimuja cakrezvarI ko gyArahavI zatI devI ke zIrSa bhAga me laghu jina bhAkRti utkIrNa hai / digabara ko tIna matiyA prApta hotI hai, jiname se do sthAnIya sthala khajurAho (chatarapura, madhya pradeza) se yakSo ko dasavI sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya se bArahavI zatI ke madhya cAra se dasa bhujAmro vAlI kaI kI eka viziSTa mUrti me cakrezvarI ke sAtha do upAsako, matiyA milI hai / yahA kI caturbhuja mUrtiyoM meM gadA, cakra, cAmaradhAriNI sevikAmoM, padma dhAraNa karane vAlI puruSa zaMkha aura prabhayamadA (yA paddha) pradarzita hai / ghaNTaI mandira prAkRtiyo, uDaDIyamAna mAlAgharoM evaM Upara kI bhora (10vI zatI) ke praveza dvAra para cakrezvarI kI praSTabhuja jaina yakSI padmAvatI aura sarasvatI ko bhI mAmUrtita kiyA mati nirUpita hai| yakSI ke hAthoM me phala, ghaNTa, cakra, gayA hai| cakrezvarI kI kevala sAta hI bhujAe surakSita haiM, cakra, cakra, cakra, dhanuSa evaM kalaza hai| pArzvanAtha mandira jiname cAra meM cakra aura anya meM varadAkSa, kheTaka aura zakha (854 I.) ke praveza dvAra kI mUrti me dazabhujA yakSI pradarzita hai| saMgrahAlaya ko dUsarI mUrti me cAmaraghAriNI barada, khaDga, gadA, cakra, papa, cakra, dhanuSa, phalaka, gadA sevikAmo eva uDDIyamAna mAlAdharoM se yukta cakrezvarI
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________________ jaina devakulameM yakSI cakrezvarI 77 kI sabhI bhujAe surakSita hai / devI kI chaha bhujAoM me bArahavI zatI kI eka caturbhuja mati karnATaka kI kambar3a caka eva anya meM zRkhalA se yukta ghaNTa, kheTaka, vajra, pahAr3I sthita zAtinAtha bastI ke navaraga sa milI hai| khaDga, tUNIra, mudgara, gadA, vyAkhyAna mudrA -akSamAlA, garur3avAhanA yakSI ne prabhayamudrA, cakra, cakra evaM papa dhAraNa parazu daNDa, zaMkha, dhanuSa, sarpa evaM zala pradarzita hai| devI kiyA hai| hoyasalakAlIna eka SaTbhuja mUrti karnATaka ke ke zIrSa bhAga meM tIna jina mUrtiyAM nirUpita hai| bahumujI jinanAthapUra sthita jaina mandira ko dakSiNI bhitti para cakrezvarI ko gyArahavI zatI kI eka manojJamati madhya hai| yakSI ke karo me varamudadrA, vajra, cakra, cakra, vana evaM pradeza ke golakoTa nAmaka sthala se prApta hotI hai| patra pradazita haiN| bambaI ke saMNTa jAvidhara kAleja ke ur3IsA kI khaNDagiri pahADI (purI jilA) ko navamuni gaphA meM gyArahavI zatI kI damabhujA pakrezvarI kI iNDiyana hisTArikala risarca insTITyUTa saMgrahAlaya meM eka mUrti hai| jaTAma kuTa se zobhita garur3avAhanA yakSI surakSita RSabhamUrti meM cakezvarI dvAdazabhuja hai| vibhaMga me yogAsana mudrA me dono para mor3a kara baiThI hai| cakrezvarI khar3o yakSo ko pATha bhujAmo me cakra, do me va ba evaM eka ke sAta hAtho meM cakra, do meM baTaka, prakSamAlA eva eka meM padma pradarzita hai / eka bhujA khaNDita hai| dvAdazamana cakrahAtha yogamudrA me goda meM sthita hai| ur3IsA kI khaNDagiri zvarI kI eka anya mUrti eloga (mahArASTra) ko gaphA pahAr3I kI vArabhujI gaphA meM dvAdazabhuja cakrezvarI ko eka 30 me dekhI jA sakatI hai| garur3avAhanA cakrezvarI ke pAca mati hai| gavAhanA devI kI chaha dakSiNabhujApro me varada- pravaziSTa dakSiNa karo me padma, cakra, zaMkha, cakra evaM gadA mudrA, vaja, caka, cakra, akSamAlA evaM khaDga hai, aura tIna pradazata / yahI ko pradazita hai| yakSI ko kevala eka ho vAmabhujA sura mana vAmamajApo meM kheTaka, eva sanAla padma haiM aura tIna bhujAeM kSita hai, jisame khaDga sthita hai| khaNDita hai| 000 pazcima bhArata ke kisI sthala se prApta lagabhaga dasavI DI-51/164bI, sUrajakuNDa, vArANasI-221001(u0 pra0) zatI kI eka aSTabhuja mati rASTrAya saMgrahAlaya, dillI (kramAka 67-152) me surakSita hai| garur3avAhanA yakSI samvabhaM sUcI kI Upara kI chaha bhujAmro ma cakra aura anya do me varada 1. zAha, yUpI0-mAikAnogrAphI mApha cakrezvarI, di mudrA evaM phana pradarzita hai| kubhAriyA (banAsakAThA, yakSA prApha RSabhanAya, janala prApha di paurieNTala gujarAta) ke zAtinAtha evaM gahAvIra mandiro (11vI zatI) kI chatoM para utkIrNa RSabhanAtha ke jIvana dRzyo insTITyUTa mApha bar3odA, kha0 20, a03, mArca me bhI catubhu / vaRzarI nirUpita hai / zAntinAtha mandira 1671, pR0 280-311 / ke udAharaNa ma yakSI varadamudrA, cakra, cakra eva zaMkha se yukta 2. 'tivArI' mArutinandana prasAda, 'di prAikAnAgrAphI hai| mahAvIra mandira ke udAharaNa meM "vaiSNavI devI" ke prApha di jaina yakSI cazvage', zramaNa (vArANasI), varSa nAma se sambodhita yakSI ke karo meM varadamudrA, gadA, 27, a0 10, agasta 1675, pR0 24-33 / sanAlapana evaM zaMkha pradazita hai / gajagata evaM rAjasthAna 3. zarmA, bajendranAtha -'apablizDa jaina bronjaja ina di ke zvetAmbara sthalo kI cakrezvarI mUrti ke sandarbha meM eka nezanala myUjiyama', jarnala grApha di proriyanTala insTI. pramukha bAta yaha hai ki isa sthaloM para yakSo cazvarI aura TyUTa, bar3odA, kha0 16, bha0 3, mArca 1670, pAMcavI mahAvidyA apraticakrA ke nirUpaNa meM atyadhika pR0 275-76 / samAnatA prApta hotI hai| isa kAraNa kabhI-kabhI yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hA jAtA hai ki mUrti yakSo kI hai 4. guptA, esa0pI0 tathA zarmA, bI0 ena.-"gadhAvala, yA mahAvidyA kii| yadyapi lAkSaNika graMthoM meM dono ke aura jaina mUrtiyA~, anekAMta, khaM0 16, ma ka 1-2, lie svatantra vizeSatAe varNita hai, para mUrta abhivyaktiyo bhapraila-jUna 1666, pR0 130 / meM unakA nirvAha nahI kiyA gayA / 5. mitrA, devalA-zAsana devIja ina di khaNDagiri dakSiNa bhArata meM yakSo kA caturbhuja, SaTbhuna, praSTa bhaja kensa', jala mApha vi eziyATika sosAyaTI, kha0 evaM dvAdazabhuja svarUpoM meM nirUpaNa hA hai| gyArahavIM. ma02, 1656, pR0 127-33 /
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________________ bhAnapurA saMgrahAlaya kI jaina yakSa-yakSiNI pratimAe~ 0 zrI ravIndra bhAradvAja, ema. e., ujjaina maMdasaura jile ko bhAnapurA tahasIla apane andara ke nicale bhAga meM mAna prazvArohI darzAye gaye haiN| prAcIna zilpa vaibhava ko sameTe hue hai| eka anya ambikA kI pratimA higlAjagar3ha se prApta paramAro se rAjya meM jina choTe-choTe aura prArcAlaka huI hai / yaha bhAnapurA sagrahAlaya kI zilpa kRtiyoM meM se mahattva ke kalAkendro kA vikAsa huA, uname mor3I eva eka hai / higlAjagar3ha kA viziSTa sthAna hai / moTI to bhAnapurA se ima kSetra kI pracilika zilpa vizeSatA yaha rahI hai ki 12 ki. mI0 pazcima meM sthita thA aura hiMgalAjagar3ha 22 pratimAeM laghu stambho se nirmita rathikA meM banAI gaI hai| ki. mI. kI dUrI para uttara pazcima meM / yahA~ pazcimI ambikA kI pratimA bhI rathikA meM sthita hai jo ki laghamAlavA zailI vikasita eva pariSkRta huii| stammo ke dvArA nirmita hai| kAra kalAtmaka caitya paramAra kAla me zava eva vaiSNava sampradAyoM ke atirikta pralakaraNa hai| yahA~ jaina dharma kA bhI vyApaka prasAra hmaa| isa kSetra ke kirITa makuTadhAriNI ambikA mavyalalitAsana me paramAra kAlIna sadhArA, kethulI, kavanA aura nImathara" grAmana ka hai| dAhinA hamna pAmralumbi yukta tathA vAma ke jaina mandira isake pramANa hai| zizu ko sahArA diye hai| anya brAhmaNa pratimAno ke paramAro ke samaya kI prAcInatama abhilikhita jaina sadRza hI ambikA kI mukhAkRti golAI lie saumya madrA yakSiNI pracyutA ko pratimA savata 1075 (1018 I.) meM hai| ubharI huI ThuDDI tathA palako ka akana me nukIlAyahI hiMgalAjagar3ha se prApta huI hai| pana hai| pratimA ke proTha, vakSasthala tathA kaTipradeza ke bhAnapurA purAtattva sagrahAlaya meM yahA ko jaina-mUrti akana meM surucipUrNa mRdutA, lAvaNya aura mAsalatA hai / zilpa dharohara surakSita hai| purAtattva sagrAhalaya me hiMga unnata aura kaThina payodhara para kucabandhoM kA pAlekhana lAjagaDha ko yakSa-yakSiNI pratimAeM paramArakAla kI kalA kiyA gayA hai| pratimA kA anakaraNa dRSTavya hai-kirITa kA pUrNa pratinidhitva karatI hai| mukuTa, kuNDala, greveyaka, stana para maNimAlA, stanoM ke iname pramukha hai paramArakAlIna gomedha yakSa eva madhya jhalatA hikkAmUtra, skandhamAlA, keyUra, kaTisUtra tathA ambikA kI mUrti, jo ki bhadrapITha para prAsanastha hai| isa makhalA aura paira napuro se alakRta hai| pratimA ke UparI pratimA kA prAkAra-UcAI 82 se0 mo0, caur3AI 46 bhAga meM 'pAsanaka tIrtha kara' pratimA hai| pAmra vRkSa kA se0 mI0 tathA moTAI 8 se0 mA0 hai| gomeva yakSa tathA prabhAmaNDala aura nIce ambikA kA vAhana siMha kA aMkana ambikA kramaza. vAma tathA savyalalitAsana meM hai| pratimA hai / yaha pratibhA lAla sikatAzma kI banI hai| kA prabhAmaNDala pAmravRkSa kA tathA nIca inakA vAhana isa prakAra, bhAnapurA kSetra paramArakAlIna jaina zilpa siha kA akana hai| pratimA ke Upara prAsanaka madrAma ko dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| On7 pAzvanAtha (?) tathA donoM mora sthAnaka tIrthaMkara hai| purAtattva vibhAga, vikrama pratimA ke pArzva me caeNvaraghArI puruSa kA akana hai / pratimA vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina (ma0 pra0) 1. zrI garga, prAra. esa.-mor3I-maNDala kA zilpa vaibhava. 4. vahI, pR0 83 (progresiva riporTa mApha mArkelAjikala sarve, vesTarna 5 bhAradvAja, ravIndra, bhAnapurA kA aprakAzita jaina zilpa, sakila-varSa 1920) / vIravANI, varSa 31, aka 6, pR0 146 / 2. PRAS. WC,. P.88-61 6. zrIgarga-mor3I-maNDala kA zilpavaibhava-TaMkitaprati3. vahI, pR0 62 prakAzanAdhIna /
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________________ rAmagupta aura jaina dharma D0 sohana kRSNa purohita, jodhapura guptavaMzI narezoM ke abhilekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki rAmagupta kI mudrAe~ vidizA, erikiNapradeza (pUrvIsamudragapta kA uttarAdhikArI usakA dvitIya putra dvitIya mAlavA) se prApta huI hai| DA0 ke0 DI0 vAjapeyI ne candragupta bnaa'| parantu vizava datta dvArA racita 'devI ina madrAmo ko cAra prakAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai, jo candraguptam" nATaka ke upalabdha aMzo, bANa ke 'harSacarita" isa prakAra haiM-- siMha, garur3a, garuDadhvaja mora bArDara rAjazekhara kI 'kAvyamImAMsA" tathA eka mamlima kRti lijeNDa / ina mudrAmo para garur3adhvaja kA aMkana use majamala-uta tavArIkha' prAdi sAhityika sAdhano eva rASTra guptavaMzIya nareza pramANita karatA hai| usake abhilekha kaToM ke sajana', kembe tathA mAMgalI dAnapatro ke mammilita vidizA ke nikaTa durjanapura grAma se prApta hue hai| ye jana sAkSyo se saMketita hai ki mamudragupta kI mRtyu ke pazcAt mUrti prabhilekha haiM, jinakI sthApanA rAmagupta ne karavAI usakA jyeSTha putra gagagupta uttarAdhikArI banA, jisake thii| prathama evaM tRtIya abhilekha ke anusAra, rAmagupta ne cesUkSamaNa nAmaka prAcArya ke upadezAnamAra candraprabha nAmaka anuja dvitIya candragupta ne use mArakara mihAmana para grahaMta kI pratimA sthApita karavAI thii| dvitIya lekha" ke adhikAra kara liyA thaa| upayaMta mAkSyAnumAra gamagupta anumAra, usane puSpadanta nAmaka grahaMta kI mUrti kA nirmANa eka kAyara eva kula ke liA kalaka tulya thA / zaka nareza kagayA thaa| dvArA ghera lie jAne para usane apanI patnI dhrava devI kA hamAra mAnyatA hai ki guptavazIya nareza hone ke kAraNa zakAdhipati ko denA svIkAra kara liyA thaa| lekina umana mudrAmo para garuDa kA aMkana jArI rkhaa| lekina dvitIya candragupta ne zakAdhipati ko dhokhe se mArakara vAstava me rAmagupta kA jhukAva jaina dharma kI pora thA samrAjJI aura mAmrAjya kA sammAna bddh'aayaa| bAda me jimakA pramaNa usake jaina pratimAlekha hai| vizAgvadatta avasara pAkara rAmagupta kI bhI hatyA karake mihAmana para use kAyara kaha kara pukAratA hai| lekina hama vizAdatta ke adhikAra aura dhrava devI se vivAha kara liyaa| ye ghaTa vicAro se sahamata nahI hai| hamArI dhAraNA hai ki zakAdhinAeM aitihAsika hai athavA nahIM, isa viSaya para karIba isa viSaya para karIba pati ne jaba rAmagupta para prAkramaNa kiyA, usa samaya usane pichale pacAsa varSoM se bar3A vivAda calA jA rahA (rAmagupta ne) kAyaratA ke kAraNa dhruvadevI ko denA svIkAra parantu pichale kucha varSoM meM gamagupta ko madrAeM aura abhi kiyA thaa| apitu rAmagupta eka kaTTara jaina dharmAvalambI lekha prakAza me mA jAna se ugakI aitihAmikatA pramANita kaTTara nareza thaa| isalie usane socA ki yadi zakAdhipati ho gaI hai| se yuddha kiyA jAyegA to yuddha me saikar3oM vyakti mAre jaayege| 1. bhItarI stambha lekha / caturtha pakti--sarpasenalakSmaNa ziSyasya golakyA2. gupta, paramezvarIlAla-gupta sAmrAjya, pR0 123-130 tyAsatputrasya celukSamaNasyeti / 3. vahI, pa0 138 / 4. vhii| 10. prathama pakti-bhagavato'haMtaH (candraprabha) sya prati meya 5 iliyaTa, DA usana-hisTarI prApha iNDiyA eja TolDa kAritA mahA (rAjA) dhirArAja - bAi iTsa prona hisToriyama, 1, pa0 110 / dvitIya pakti-zrI (rAmagupte)ma u(padezAta) 6. e0 i0 4, pR0 257, e0 i0 17, pR0 248 / (pA) Ni (pAtri)... 7 ja0 nyU0 so0 i0 12, pR0 103, 13, pR0 128 8. janala Apha iNDiyana hisTI, 42, pR0 386 / 11. (1) bhagavato'haMtaH / puSparamtasya pratimeyaM kAritA / 6. prathama pakti - bhgvto'hNt.| candraprabhasya pratimeya (2) mahArAjAdhirAja zrI rAmagupte upadezAt kaaritaa| pANipAtrika / dvitIya paMkti-mahAgajAdhirAja, zrI rAmaguptena, (3) candrakSama (NA) cArya-(kSamaNa)-zramaNa prazi upadezAta pANiyA (vyasya) tatIya pakti-trika candrakSamAcArya kSamaNa zramaNapraziSyAcArya 12. ja. nyU0 so0 i0 23, pR0 331.43 / / pakti- Ni ( pa vita
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________________ phulAna kI aprakAzita jaina pratimAeM DA. surendra kumAra prArya, ujjaina ujjaina se 2 vilo mITara pazcima dizA meM nAgadA- 5 phuTa 5 iMca cauDA hai| pAdapITha para saMvata 1178 idaura basa mArga para phulAna grAma sthita hai| yaha ujjaina kA zilAlekha hai / lekha kI 4 paMktiyAM haiM para itanA bhagna jile kI bar3amagara tahasIla meM prAtA hai| yahA~ para vikrama hai ki kevala saMvata 1178 hI par3hA jA sakatA hai| pAdavizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina va madhya pradeza rAjya purAtatva vibhAga pITha para zera banA huA hai / ataH zera-vAhana vAlI yaha ke sayusa. tatvAvadhAna meM purAtAtvika sarvekSaNa kiyA gayA hai| mahAvIra pratimA ho sakatI hai| yaha sarvekSaNa daMgavAr3A-utkhanana varSa 1676 ke kArya kA hI eka anya khaMDita pratimA hanumAna mandira ke pAsa eka aMga thaa| DA0 vi0 zrI vAva Nakara ke mArgadarzana meM proTale para ragbI huI hai jo pArzvanAtha kI khaDgAsana meM hai yaha sarvekSaNa kiyA yagA thA: narasiMgA grAma se 2 ki0 mI0 aura nizcaya hI 10vI zatAbdI ke zilpa meM nirmita hai| pUrva kI ora phalAna grAma sthita hai| yahA para mauryakAla, tIsarI pratimA mAtAjo ke proTale (cabatare) para naka yuga va guptakAla ke zeSa milate hai aura Tola para basA jaDII hai / isameM jaina devI padmAvatI garur3avAhana para huprA jo prAcIna grAma kA sthAna hai, vaha saba ujAr3a hai| prAsIna hai. va Upara tIrthakara pratimA padmAsana meM hai| deva. isa TIle para sarvekSaNa ke daurAna tIsarI zatAbdI IsA pUrva gaNa rakSa, kinnara va vAdyavAda harSa se puSpa varSA kara rahe kI tAmra pAhata mudrAeM milI hai| sAtha hI jIvadAmana va haiN| radradAyana kI va tAmra madrAeM milI hai| yaha eka sampanna cauthI va pAcavI tIrthakara pratimAyeM bhagna hai va kevala thala thA jahAM para maurya yuga se zaka kAla naka paryApta pAdapITha hI zeSa hai| eka anya pratimA para caraNacihna hI janAvAsa thaa| yahI para jana pratibhAe milI hai jinakA zeSa hai aura saba bhagna hai / phalAnagrAga meM yaha jana pratibhAyeM vivaraNa nimnalikhita hai : spaSTa karatI hai ki yahA para paramAra kAla meM koI vizAla grAma ko gheratA hA eka bhera hai, nAlA usake kinAre para devAlaya rahA hogaa| paramAra kAla kI eka tIrthaka ra pratimA milI hai jisakA zIrSa 22, bhakta nagara, dazaharA maidAna, bhagna hai| pratimA padmAsana meM hai aura mAkAra 6 phuTa UMcA ujjaina-456001 000 (pRSTha 76 kA zeSAMza) jabaki jainadharmAnusAra ahiMsA ko paramadharma mAnA gayA isame jaina dharmAvalambI avivarSa ne rAmagupta vI pAlocanA hai isalie rAmagupta ne hisA se bacane hetu athavA yU kahie na karake umake sthAna para dvitIya candragupta ke prati ghRNA ki jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kI rakSA hetu apanI patnI dhrava prakaTa kI hai| yahAM hama DA0 udayanArAyaNa rAya ke mata se devI ko zakAdhipati ko denA svIkAra kiyA thaa| ataH pUrNatayA sahamata hai ki jisa prakAra uttarakAla me buddhagupta, hame rAmagupta ko eka kAyara nareza nahI apitu kaTTara jaina bAlAdisya eva vaJca prAdi narezI na bauddhadharma kA anusaraNa dharmAvalambI nareza ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA caahie| kiyA umI bhAti pUrvakAla me samudragupta ke uttarAdhikArI rAmagupta ke jaina hone kI puSTi kA sUkSma saketa rASTrakUTa rAmagupta ne jainadharma kA avalambana kara liyA thaa|" nareza amoghavarSa ke sajana tAmrapatra meM bhI milatA hai| itihAsa vibhAga, jodhapura vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura (rAja.) 000 13. gupta, pUrvo0 pR. 46 / 14. rAma, udayanArAyaNa-gupta samrAT aura unakA kAla, pR0 178 /
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________________ brahma jinavAsa aura unakI hindI sAhitya ko dena maThAvIsa mUlaguNa rAsa, 46. bAraha vrata gIta 47. logoM ne unakI pratibhA ko phicaanaa| unake samaya meM caudaha guNa sthAna rAsa, 48, pratimA gyAraha kA raas| hI unake granthoM kI pratilipiyoM kI yatra-tatra svAdhyAya upaveza paraka kAsya-46 nijamani saMbodhana, 50.jIvar3A hetu mAMga hone lgii| unakI kAvya-racanA jana-jIvana ke gIta, 51. canaDI gItA, 52. dharmataru gIta, 53. nikaTa thii| upalabdha pADulipiyoM kI prazastiyAM yaha tathya zarIra sakala giit| ujAgara karatI haiM ki kavi ke lokavANI me prathamAnayoga stutiparaka kAvya-54. prAdinAtha stavana, 55. tIna kAvyoM ke praNayana me bhata preraka ziSyagaNa, zrAvaka-zrAvi caubasI vinatI, 56. jyeSTha jinavara lahAna, 57. kAe evaM vidvAna the| kAlAntara me bhI una kAvyoM kI jinavara pUjA holI, 58. paMca parameSThI guNa varNana, samaya-samaya para pratilipiyA kI gaI aura bhinna-bhinna 56. girinAri ghavala, 60. guru jayamAla, 61. jina-jinAlayoM meM unheM svAdhyAyArtha virAjamAna kiyA gyaa| vANI guNamAlA, 62. pUjA gIta, 63. gaurI bhAsa, ima svanAmadhanya mahAkavi ne apanI 60 se bhI 64. mithyAdukkaDa biintii| adhika kRtiyoM se hindI vAGmaya ko samRddha kiyaa| hindI sphuTa kAvya-65. caurAsI nyAti mAlA, 66. baMka cala sAhitya ke prAdikAla me 40 se bhI adhika rAsa-kAvyoM kA gasa, 67. dharmaparIkSA rAsa, 66. karmavipAkana dvAdazA kathA, 66. premA ckrvrtii| praNayana brahma jinadAsa kI apanI dena hai| unakA pratyeka kAvya-rUpa kI dRSTi se ye racanAeM prabandha kAvya ke rAsa-kAvya prabandha kAvya kI sImA ko pahacatA mahAkAvya, praura khaNDa kAvya tathA gIti kAvya ke aMtargata hai| maM01508 meM racita prakelA 'rAma-rAmo'-rAjasthAnI bhI vibhakta kI jA sakatI haiN| purANa evaM carita kAvya bhASA kI prathama jaina rAmAyaNa jisakAu - llekha hindI ke mahAkAvya kI sImA meM parigaNanIya hai to prAkhyAnaparaka kAdara kAmila tathA balke ne 'rAmakathA paramparA' meM kiyA hai| kAvya khaNDakAvya kI mImA ko pahaMcate hai / zeSa racanAe jo go0 tulasIdAsa ke rAmacarita mAnasa se savA-sau varSa maktaka yA pragItikAvya ko vidhA me samAviSTa ho sakatI pUrva kA hai, kisI bhI dRSTi se mAnasa se kama mahatva nahI hai| ina vizAla racanAo ke dhanI mahAkavi brahma jinadAma rgvtaa| yaha rAma-rAso lagabhaga 6500 zabda pramANa hai / isame bahamakhI pratibhAsampanna the| jaina siddhAnta ke gahana adhyayana ke mAtha-mAtha bhaktiparaka sAhitya ke nirmANa me unakI koI atyukti nahI ki samUce hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa me brahma jinavAsa apanI sAnI nahI rkhte| viziSTa ruci thii| sAhitya kI vividha vidhAmoM-parANa. kAvya, carita, kathA, stavana, pUjA prAdi ke rUpa me mA-bhAratI apanI utkaTa prAtma-sAdhanA ke sAtha guru-bhakti, ke bhaNDAra ko pUrNa karane me isa mahAkavi ne koI kasara nahIM tIrthATana, niyamita svAdhyAya, pratiSThAmo kA saMcAlana chodd'ii| ina sabake mAdhyama se prAtmotthAna kavi kA eka mAtra aura phira uccakoTi kA vizAla sAhitya-sRjana, ye saba pratipAdya lakSya thaa| kavi kI racanAye kisI eka sthAna para kArya brahma jinadAsa jaise bahumakhI vyaktitva ko hI manupama upalabdha nahIM hotI / IDara, bAsavAr3A, mAgavAr3A, galiyA- dena hai / ve apratima pratibhAoM ke dhanI the, jiname eka koTa, DUMgarapura udayapura aura RSabhadeva prAdi gujarAta evaM rAja. sAtha adbhuta vidvattA, ucca koTi ke sAdhutva, apane mArAdhya sthAna ke sImAvartI pradezo me kavi ke mukhyataH bihAra eva sAdhanA ke prati pragADha bhakti ke sAtha-sAthaanupama kavitvazakti mora sthala rhe| prata. ina pradezoM ke jaina zAstra bhaNDArome kavi avicalita prAtma-sAdhanA ke sabhI guNa vidyamAna haiN| kA sAhitya vizeSa rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai / vaise jayapura, imIlie unakA sAhitya prANi-mAtra ke iha laukika evaM ajamera, pratApagaDha, dillI Adi sthAno ke jaina zAstrA. pAralaukika jIvana kA abhyudayakAraka hone se pUrNata: matya gAroM meM bhI unka mAhitya kI aneko pratiyA mila jAtI ziva paura sundara se prota-prota hai| vastutaH brahma jinadAsa hai| isame kavi kI prasiddhi eva usake sAhitya kI loka. kI hindI sAhitya ko ullekhanIya dena hai / ve apane yuga ke priyatA kA sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| pratinidhi kavi hai| bhaktikAlIna sata sAhitya meM ve sarvopari brahma jinadAsa una virale saubhAgyazAlI santa mahA gaNanIya haiM / bhAva, bhASA, vastu-vidhAna prAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM kaviyoM meM the, jinhe apane samaya meM hI prasiddhi mila jAtI se unakA kAmva-sajana ullekhanIya hai / hindI vAGmaya kI hai| unhoMne apane kAvyoM kI racanA ke lie apane samaya atulanIya sevA kI dRSTi se hindI sAhitya-saMsAra sadA kI loka pracalita hindI-bhASA ko mAdhyama cunaa| isase sarvadA mahAkavi brahma jinadAsa kA kRtajJa rhegaa| jana-sAmAnya ko bauddhika khurAka milii| sama-sAmayika rAjakIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, manoharapura (jayapura)
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________________ jaina devakula meM yakSI cakrezvarI D. mArutinandana prasAda tivArI, vArANasI hindU evaM bauddha dhamoM ke samAna hI jaina dharma bhIbhArata ko zAsanadevatA ke rUpa meM niyukta kiyA thaa| jaina graMtha kA eka pramukha gharma rahA hai| jaina dharma kA pastitva lagabhaga harivaMza purANa (8vI zatI) ke 66ve sarga me spaSTa pAThavI zatI I0 pU0 meM 23veM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke samaya ullekha hai ki 24 jino ke nikaTa rahakara unakI sevA meM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAn sindhu sabhyatA karane vAle zAsana devatA majjanoM kA hita aura zubha kAryoM (lagabhaga 3000 I0 pU0) me jaina dharma kA astitva -- kI vighnakArI zaktiyo, graha, nAga, bhUta, pizAca, rAkSasa --- pratipAdita karate haiM, jise nirNAyaka pramANoM ke abhAva me ko zAnta karate haiM / yakSa-yakSI yugaloM ko jina mUrtiyo ke svIkAra nahI kiyA jA sktaa| jaina devatula ma 24 mihAmana yA mAmAnya pIThikA ke dAhane aura bAyeM choro tIrthakoM (yA jino) ko sarvocca mahattA pradAna kI gii| para nirupita kiyA gayA hai| lagabhaga navI zatI I0 se inheM devAdhideva kahA gyaa| jaina devakula ke anya sabhI yakSa evaM yakSI kI svatantra mUrtiyA~ prApta hone lagatI hai| devatAnoM ko kisI na kisI rUpa me jino se| cakrezvarI (yA apraticakrA) prathama jina prAdinAtha unake sahAyaka ke rUpa me saMbaddha kiyA gayA / chaThI se dasavI (yA RSabhanAtha) ko yakSI hai / cakrezvarI jaina devakula kI pAtI I. ke madhya tAMtrika prabhAva ke phalasvarUpa sabhI dharmoM cAra sarvAdhika lokapriya yakSiyo meM eka hai| anya yakSiyAM meM navIna devatAmoM ko sammilita kara devakula kA vistAra prabikA, padamAvatI aura middhAyikA hai, jo kramazaH 22veM, kiyA gyaa| jaina deTha kUla meM vRddhi kI yaha pratriyA chaThI zatI 23veM eva 24veM tIrthaMkaro neminAtha, pAzvanAtha evaM mahAI. meM prArambha huI aura terahavI-caudahavI zatI I. taka vIra kI yakSiyA hai| jaina cakrezvarI ke svarUpa para viSNa calatI rhii| chaThI zatI I. me jinoM ke sAtha upAsaka kI zakti vaiSNavI (yA cakrezvarI) kA spaSTa parilakSita devatAoM ke rUpa meM yakSa-yakSI sugaloM ko sazliSTa kiyA hotA hai / jaina lAkSaNika pratho meM yaha prabhAva devI ke gayA, jinakI upAsanA se manuSya apanI bhautika prAkA- garur3avAhana evaM bhujA me cakra ke pradarzana ke sandarbha me dekhA kSAnoM kI pUrti kara sakatA thaa| ullekhanIya hai ki vIta- jA sakatA hai / ' rAgI jinoM kI upAsanA se sAMsArika sukha-samRddhi kI parantu mUrta kanoM meM yaha prabhAva garur3avAhana aura prApti saMbhava nahIM thii| bhajAmoM meM cakra ke atirikta, zaMkha aura gadA ke pradarzana pAThavI-navIM zatI I0 meM, zvetAmbara evaM digambara ke sandarbha meM bhI prApta hotA hai| hindU devI vaiSNavI ke paramparA ke granthoM meM pratyeka jina ke sAtha eka svatantra lAkSa- prabhAva kA spaSTa saketa kumAriyA (gujarAta) ke mahAvIra Nika svarUpoM kA nirdhAraNa dasavI-gyAravI zatI I0 yakSa-yakSI jaina mandira kI chata para utkIrNa cakrezvarI kI mati me yugala kI kalpanA kI gii| ina yakSa-yakSI yugaloM me svatantra dekhA jA sakatA hai / mUrti lekha me jaina yakSI ko 'vaiSNavI' meM dRmA / yakSa yakSI yugala jino ke cavidha sagha ke zAmana devI kahA gayA hai / viSNudharmottara purANa, rUpamaNDana eva eva rakSaka deva hote haiM / jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra kevala devapurANa jaise brAhmaNa gratho me kirITama kuTa se zobhita jJAna prApta hone ke bAda sabhI jino ne apanA prathama upadeza garur3avAhana vaiSNavI kI bhujAmo me zakha, cakra, gadA eva devanirmita sabhA (mamavamaraNa) meM diyA thA aura usI pada ke pradarzana kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| sabhA meM indra ne pratyeka jina ke sAtha eka yakSa-yakSI yugala imI prasaga meM yaha ullekha mAvazyaka hai ki hindU prabhAva
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________________ jaina devakula meM yakSI cakrezvarI kevala jaina yakSI cakrezvarI ke nirUpaNa taka hI sImita nahI kiyA gayA hai| catubhujA yakSI kI do bhujAmoM meM cakra rahA hai / 24 yakSa evaM pakSiyoM kI sUcI meM se adhikAza aura pranya do meM phala evaM varadamudrA ke pradarzana kA vidhAna ke nAmo evaM lAkSaNika vizeSatAmo ko jaino ne hindU paura hai| dvAdazabhuja yakSI kI pATha bhujAmoM meM cakra, do me vaja kucha udAharaNoM me bauddha devoM se grahaNa kiyA thaa| hindU devakula evaM anya do me phala eva varadamudrA pradarzita hogii| viSNu, ziva, brahmA, indra, skanda, kAti kaya, kAlI, gaurI vAme cakrezvarI devI sthaapydvaadshsdbhjaa| sarasvatI, cAmuNDA pora bauddha devakula ko tArA, vajra. patte hastadvaye bane cakrANI ca tathASTam / / zRkhalA, vajratArA eva vajra kuzI ke nAmo pora lAkSa- ekena bIjapUraM tu varadA kamalAsanA / Nika vizeSatAoM ko jaina dharma ma grahaNa kiyA gyaa| jaina caturbhujAyavAcakra dvayorgaruDavAhanaM // devakula ke garur3a, varuNa, kumAra yakSo, aura ambikA, -pratiSThAsArasaMgraha : 5, 15-16 / padmAvatI, brahmANI yakSiyoM ke nAma hindU devakula se grahaNa tAtrika gratho me cakrezvarI ke bhayAvaha svarUpa kA ullekha kiye gae, para unakI lAkSaNika vizeSatAe svatantra thii| hai| aise svarUpa meM tIna netro evaM bhayakara darzanavAlI yakSI dUsarI pora brahmA, Izvara, gomukha, bhRkuTi, paNmukha, yakSandra, caka, padma, phala eva vaja sa yukta hai| dakSiNa bhAratIya zvetApAtAla, dharaNendra, kubera yakSo aura cazvarI, vijayA, ghara parampaga meM garuDavAhamA cakrezvarI kA bAdazabhuja batAyA nirvANI, kAlI, mahAkAlI, tArA, baja" khalA yAkSayA gayA hai, jabaki digambara paramparA meM yakSI SoDazabhuja ke nAma eva lAkSaNika vizeSatApA dono kA hindU dava- hai| bhajAmo ke prAyudho ke sandarbha meM uttara bhAratIya parakula sagrahaNa kiyA gayA thA / yakSa-yakSiyoM ke atirikta mparA kA hI anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| jaina devakula ke gama. kRSNa, balarAma, mahAvidyA, mUrta prakano meM cazvarI sarasvatI, lakSmI, gaNeza, naigamaSin, bherava eva kSatrapAla mUtaM aMkanoM meM kirITamukuTa se zobhita cakrezvarI ko pAdi devI kA bhA hindU devakula sh| grahaNa kiyA gayA madeva mAnava rUpa meM utkINaM garur3a para bhArUr3ha pradarzita thaa| kiyA gayA hai / yakSI kA bhajAmA meM cakra ke sAtha hI gadA prAmAzAstrIya prathora cakravarI aura zakha kA niyamita citraNa huA hai| kevala ur3IsA se ninAmbara paramparA ma cakrezvarI kA praSTabhuja aura prApta cakrezvarI mUrtiyo meM gadA aura zaMkha ke sthAna para digambara paramparA meM catubhuja eva dvAdazabhuja nirUpita khaDga, khaTaka evaM vana kA pradarzana prApta hotA hai| yakSI kI kiyA gayA hai / dono hI paramarAmA ma garur3avAhana kra. eka bhujA se sAmAnyataH varadamudrA (yA abhaya mudrA) pradarzita 3varI ke karo meM cakra eva patra ke prAzana kA sandana ma hai| davI adhikAzataH eka paira nIce laTakAkara lalita mudrA samAnatA prApta hotI hai / vetAmbara anya nirvANakAlA meM prAsIna hai| tIrthakara RSabhanAtha kI mUrtiyoM ke siMhAsana (10vIM zatA) ka anumAra yakSI dakSiNa bhujAmA ma varada- choro para cakrezvarI kA prakana jahA~ pAThavI zatI I0 me mudrA, vANa, cakra, pAza aura vAma ma dhanuSa, vajra, cakra, hI prArambha ho gayA, vahI yakSI kI svatantra mUrtiyA navIM aMkuza dhAraNa karatA hai| zatI I0 me bnii| zvetAmbara sthalo para paramparA ke vipa... 'prapraticakrAbhidhAnAM yakSiNI rIta cakrezvarI kA kevala caturbhuja svarUpa me nirUpaNa hI hemavarNAM grudd'vaahnaamssttbhujaaN| lokapriya rahA hai| para digambara sthalo para cakrezvarI varadavANacakrapAzayuktadakSiNakagaM kI dvibhuja se vizatimuja mUrtiyA bnii| cakezvarI kI dhanavaMcakrAkuzavAmahastAM ceti / / " mUrtiyo ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se digambara sthalo kI matiyAM ___-- nirvANalikA : 181 // mahatvapUrNa rahI hai / rAjasthAna eva gujarAta se zvetAmbara digambara graMtha pratiSThAptArasaMgraha (12vI zatI) me aura anya kSetro se digambara paramparA kI mUrtiyA prApta pazvarA kA caturbhuja evaM dvAdazabhuja svarUpo ma dhyAna hotI haiN| dakSiNa bhArata ko mUtiyo meM garur3avAhana kA
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________________ 76, barve 12, ki0 3-4 anekAva citraNa bahuta niyamita nahIM rahA hai| sAtha hI, bhujAboM meM pora zakha se yukta hai / zakha aura gadA kA pradarzana bhI durlabha rahA hai / isa kSetra meM devagar3ha meM cakrezvarI kA caturbhuja svarUpa sarvAdhika yakSI kI bhujAmoM meM cakra, vana eva padma ke pradarzana meM lokapriya rahA hai / para yakSI ko SaDbhuja, praSTabhuja, dazabhUja niyamitatA prApta hotI hai| evaM vizatibhuja svarUpoM meM bhI abhivyakta kiyA gyaa| cakrezvarI ko prAcInatama svatantra mUrti uttara pradeza ullekhanIya hai ki navIM (862 I.) se bArahavI zatI ke ke lalitapura jile meM sthita devagar3ha (digambara) ke maMdira madhya kI cakrezvarI kI sarvAdhika svatantra matiyA devagar3ha 12 ko bhitti se prApta hotI hai| 862 I0 me nirmita se hI prApta huI haiN| adhikAMza udAharaNoM meM kirITamakuTa mandira sa0 12 (zAntinAtha mandira) kI bhitti para jaina se alaMkRta garur3avAhana yakSI ke hAthoM meM cakra, zakha eva devakula kI sabhI 24 yakSiyoM kA prakana prApta hotA hai, gadA hai| bahumujI matiyo me cakra, zakha, gadA ke atirikta jo 24 yakSiyoM ke sAmahika citraNa kA prArambhikatama kheTaka, khaDga, parazu evaM vajra kA pradarzana lokapriya rahA udAharaNa hai / tribhaga meM khar3I caturbhuja cakrezvarI kI sabhI hai |cturbhuj yakSI kI dvibhaga me khar3I eka mUrti mandira bhajAtroM meM cakra hai / garur3avAhana dAhine pArzva meM namaskAra 12 ke pradhaMmaNDapa ke stambha para utkIrNa hai / yakSI ke karo mudrA meM khar3A hai| matilekha me yakSI kA nAma 'cakrezvarI' me varadamudrA, gadA, zaMkha eva cakra pradarzita hai| SaTa maja utkIrNa hai / yakSI ke nirUpaNa meM jaina devakUla kI pAMcavI cakrezvarI kI eka mUti (11vI zatI I0) madira 12 mahAvidyA praticakrA ke svarUpa kA anukaraNa kiyA gayA kI dakSiNI cahAradobArI para utkINaM hai| yakSI varadamudrA, hai, jisakI sabhI bhujAmoM meM cakra ke pradarzana kA vidhAna khaDga, cakra, cakra, gadA evaM zaMkha se yukta hai| maSTabhuja rahA hai / mahAvidyA kI dhAraNA yakSI cakrezvarI kI apekSA cakrezvarI kI tIna mUrtiyAM hai / gyArahavI zatI ko eka mati prAcIna rahI hai| mandira sa01 ke mAnastambha para utkIrNa hai, jisame yakSI prArambhika dasavI zatI ko do praSTabhuja mUrtiyA kI bhujAmro me varadamudrA, gadA, vANa, challA, challA, vajra, madhyapradeza ke vidizA jile meM sthita gyArasapura ke mAlA- cApa evaM zakha hai maMdira 14 kI bArahavI zatI I0 ko devI mandira ke zikhara para utkIrNa hai| iname pakSI ke eka mUrti meM tIna hAtho me cakra aura zeSa me daNDa, khaDaga, pravaziSTa karo me challA, vajra, cakra, cakra, cakra aura zaMkha abhayamudrA, parazu eva zakha pradarzita hai / pradarzita hai / dasavI gatI ko eka dazabhujA cakrezvarI mati dazabhujA yakSI ko eka mUrti mandira 11 ke samakSa purAtAtvika saMgrahAlaya, mathurA (kramAka.00 DI-6) me ke mAnastambha (1056 I.) para utkoNa hai ! yakSI varadasurakSita hai| padmAsana para samabhaga me khar3I yakSI kI no mRdrA, vANa, gadA, khaDga cakra, cakra, kheTaka, vajra, dhanuSa eva surakSita majAmoM me cakrasthita hai| do sevikAgro se sevita zakha se yukta hai| vitimuja cakrezvarI ko gyArahavI zatI devI ke zIrSabhAga me laghu jina prAkRti utkIrNa hai / digabara kI tIna matiyA prApta hotI hai, jinameM se do sthAnIya sthala khajurAho (chatarapura, madhya pradeza) se yakSI kI dasavI sAha jana saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| sAhU jaina saMgrahAlaya se bArahavI zatI ke madhya cAra se dasa bhujAmro vAlI kaI kI eka viziSTa mUrti me cakrezvarI ke sAtha do upAsako, matiyA milI hai| yahA kI caturbhuja mUrtiyoM meM gadA, cakra, cAmaracAriNI sevikAmo, papa dhAraNa karane vAlI puruSa zaMkha aura prabhayamudA (yA padha) pradarzita hai / ghaNTa I mandira prAkRtiyo, uDDIyamAna mAlAgharo evaM Upara kI bhora (10vI zatI) ke praveza dvAra para cakrezvarI kI maSTabhuja jaina yakSI pathAvatI aura sarasvatI ko bhI mAmatita kiyA mati nirUpita hai| yakSI ke hAthoM meM phala, ghaNTa, cakra, gayA hai| cakrezvarI kI kevala sAta hI bhujAe surakSita hai, cakra, cakra, cakra, dhanuSa evaM kalaza hai| pArzvanAtha mandira jina meM cAra me cakra pora panya meM varadAkSa, kheTaka bhaura zakha (854 I.) ke praveza dvAra kI mUrti me dazabhujA yakSI pradarzita hai| saMgrahAlaya kI dUsarI mUrti me cAmaraghAriNI barada, khaDga, gadA, cakra, papa, cakra, dhanuSa, phalaka, gadA sevikAmoM evaM uDDIyamAna mAlAdharoM se yukta cakrezvarI
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________________ jaina devakulameM yakSI cakrezvarI 77 kI sabhI bhujAe surakSita hai| devI kI chaha bhujAmoM meM bArahavIM zatI kI eka caturbhuja mUrti karnATaka kI kambar3a cakra eva anya meM zRkhalA se yukta ghaNTa, kheTaka, vana, pahAr3I sthita zAtinAtha bastI ke navaraga se milI hai| khaDga, tUNIra, mudgara, gadA, vyAkhyAna mudrA-akSamAlA, garur3avAhanA yakSI ne abhayamudrA, cakra, cakra eva padma dhAraNa parazu daNDa, zakha, ghanupa, marpa evaM zUla pradarzita hai| devA kiyA hai| hoyasala kAlIna eka SaTbhuja mUti karnATaka ke ke zIpaMbhAga meM tIna jina mUrtiyAM nirUpita hai| bahumujI jinanAthapura sthita jaina mandira ko dakSiNI bhitti para cakrezvarI ko gyArahavIM zatI ko eka manojamUrti madhya hai| yakSI ke karo me varamudadrA, vana, cakra, cakra, vana evaM pradeza ke golakoTa nAmaka sthala se prApta hotI hai| padya pradarzita haiN| bambaI ke seNTa jAviyara kAleja ke ur3IsA ko khaNDagiri pahAr3I (purI jilA) ko navamuni guphA meM gyArahavI zatI kI damabhujA cakrezvarI ko iNDiyana hisTArikala risarca insTITayUTa sagrahAlaya meM eka mUrti hai| jaTAmakuTa se zobhita garur3avAhanA yakSo surakSita RSabhamUrti meM cakezvarI dvAdazabhuja hai| tribhaMga meM yogAsana mudrA meM dono para moDakara baiThA hai| cakrezvarI khar3I yakSo kI pATha bhujAmoM meM cakra, do me vajra eva eka ke mAta hAtho meM cakra, do meM kheTaka, akSamAlA eva eka meM patra pradarzita haiM / eka bhujA khaNDita hai| dvAdazabhuja cahAtha yogamudrA meM goda meM sthita hai| ur3IsA ko khaNDagiri zvarI kI eka anya mUrti elorA (mahArASTra) ko gaphA pahADI ko vArabhujo guphA medvAdazabhuja cakrezvarI kI eka 30 meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| garur3avAhanA cakrezvarI ke pAca mati hai / garur3avAhanA devI kI chaha dakSiNabhujAo me varada- avaziSTa dakSiNa karo meM padma, cakra, zaMkha, cakra eva gadA mudrA, vajra, cakra, cakra, akSamAlA evaM khaDga hai, aura tAna pradarzita hai| yakSI kI kevala eka hI vAmabhajA suravAmamajAmo me kheTaka, evaM sanAla padya hai aura tIna bhujAeM kSita hai, jisame khaDga sthita hai| khaNDita hai| 000 pazcima bhArata ke kisI sthala se prApta lagabhaga dasavI Do-51/164bI, sUrajakuNDa, vArANasI-221001(u0 pra0) zatI ko eka aSTabha ja mati rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, dillI (kramAka 67-152) me surakSita hai| garur3avAhanA yakSI sandarbha sUcI kI Upara kI chaha bhujAmro ma cakra aura anya do me varada 1. zAha, yuu| pI.---bhAikAnogrAphI mApha cakrezvarI, di mudrA evaM phala pradazita hai| kubhAriyA (banAsakAThA, yakSA prApha RSabhanAtha, janala prApha di morieNTala gujarAta) ke zAtinAtha evaM gahAvIra mandiro (11vI insTITyUTa mApha bar3odA, kha0 20, a03, mArca zatI) kI chato para utkINa RSabhanAtha ke jIvana dRzyoM meM bhI ctu| vakraTarI nirUpita hai| zAntinAtha mandira 1971, pR0 280-311 / ke udAharaNa ma yakSI varadamudrA, cakra, cakra eva zakha se yukta 2. tivArI' mArutinandana prasAda, di prAhakAnogrAphI hai| mahAvIra mandira ke udAharaNa meM "vaiSNavo devI" ke pApha di jaina yakSI pazvarA', zramaNa (vArANasI), varSa nAma se sambodhita yakSI ke karo meM varadamudrA, gadA, 27, a0 10, agasta 1975, pR0 24.33 / sanAlapana evaM zaMkha prazita hai| gajarAta evaM rAjasthAna 3. zarmA, bajendranAtha -'manpablizDa jaina bronjeja ina di ke zvetAmbara sthalo kI cakrezvarI mati ke sandarbha meM eka nezanala myUjiyama', jarnala pApha di moriyanTala insTI. pramukha bAta yaha hai ki isa sthalo para yakSo cakra kharI pora TyUTa, bar3odA, kha0 16, ma0 3, mArca 1670, pAcavI mahAvidyA apraticakA ke nirUpaNa meM atyadhika pR0 275-76 / samAnatA prApta hotI hai| isa kAraNa kabhI-kabhI yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hA jAtA hai ki mUrti yakSo kI hai 4. guptA, esa0 pI0 tathA zarmA, bI0ena0 --"gaghAvala, yA mahAvidyA kii| yadyapi lAkSaNika graMthoM meM donoM ke pora jaina matiyAM,' manekAMta, khaM0 16, aka 1-2, lie svatantra vizepatAe vaNita hai, para mUrta abhivyaktiyo apraila-jUna 1966, pR0 130 / meM unakA nirvAha nahI kiyA gayA / 5. mitrA, debalA-zAsana devIja ina di khaNDagiri dakSiNa bhArata meM yakSo kA caturbhuja, padmana, praSTa bhaja kensa', jarnala mApha di eziyATika sosAyaTI, kha. evaM dvAdazabhuja svarUpA me nirUpaNa hA hai| gyArahavI. 1,02, 1956, pR0 127-33 /
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________________ bhAnapurA saMgrahAlaya kI jaina yakSa-yakSiNI pratimAe~ 0 zrI ravIndra bhAradvAja, ema. e., ujjaina madasaura jile ko bhAnapurA tahasIla apane andara ke nicale bhAga meM sAta prazvArohI darzAye gaye haiN| prAcIna zilpa vaibhava ko sameTe hue hai| eka anya ambikA kI pratimA hiMglAjagar3ha se prApta paramAroM se rAjya meM jina choTe-choTe mora pAMcAlaka huI hai| yaha bhAnapurA sagrahAlaya kI zilpa kRtiyoM meM se mahattva ke kalAkendro kA vikAsa huaA, uname mor3I eva eka hai / hiMglAjagar3ha kA viziSTa sthAna hai| moDI to bhAnapurA se isa kSetra kI prAcalika zilpa vizeSatA yaha rahI hai ki 12 ki. mI0 pazcima meM sthita thA aura higlAjagaDha 22 pratimAeM laghu stambho se nirmita radhikA meM banAI gaI hai| ki. mI. kI dUrI para uttara pazcima meM / yahA~ pazcimI ambikA kI pratimA bhI rathikA meM sthita hai jo ki laghumAlavA zailI vikasita evaM pariSkRta huii| stambho ke dvArA nirmita hai| kAra kalAtmaka catya paramAra kAla meM zaiva eva vaiSNava sampradAyoM ke pratirikta alakaraNa hai| yahA~ jaina dharma kA bhI vyApaka prasAra yA / isa kSetra ke kirITa mukuTadhAriNI ambikA mayalalitAsana meM paramAra kAlIna sadhArA', kethalI', kavanA' aura nImathara aAmanaka hai| dAhinA hAna pAmralumbi yukta tathA vAma ke jaina mandira isake pramANa hai| zizu ko sahAga diya hai| anya brAhmaNa pratimAnoM ke paramArI ke samaya kI prAcInatama abhilikhita jaina sadRza hI pambikA kI mukhAkRti gAlAI lie saumya madrA yakSiNI acyutA ko pratimA savat 1075 (1018 I.) meM hai| ubharI huI chuTTo tathA palako ke aMkana meM nukIlAyahI hiMgalAjagar3ha se prApta huI hai|' pana hai| pratimA ke proTha, vakSasthala tathA kaTipraveza ke akana meM surucipUrNa mRdutA, lAvaNya aura mAMsalatA hai| bhAnapurA purAtattva saMgrahAlaya ma yahA kI jaina-mUrtizilpa dharohara surakSita hai| purAtattva sagrAhalaya meM hiMga unnana aura kaThina payAghara para kUcabandho kA pAlekhana lAjagaDha ko yakSa-yakSiNI pratimAe~ paramArakAla kI kalA kiyA gayA hai| pratimA kA anakaraNa dRSTavya hai----kiroTa kA pUrNa pratinidhitva karatA hai| mukuTa, kuNDala, graMveyaka, stana para maNimAlA, stano ke inameM pramukha hai paramArakAlIna gomeva yakSa eva madhya jhalatA hikkAmUtra, skandhamAlA, kayUra, kaTisUtra tathA ambikA kI mUrti, jo ki bhadrapITha para prAsanastha hai| isa mekhalA aura para napuge se alakRta hai| pratimA ke UparI pratimA kA mAkAra-UMcAI 82 se0 mA0, caur3AI 46 bhAga me 'pAsanaka nIrthakara' pratimA hai| prAmra vRkSa kA se0 mI0 tathA moTAI 8 se. maa0hai| gAmeba yakSa tathA prabhAmaNDala aura nIce ambikA kA vAhana siMha kA akana ambikA kramaza: vAma tathA savyalalitAsana ma hai| pratimA hai| yaha pratimA lAla sikatAzma kI banI hai| kA prabhAmaNDala bhAmravRkSa kA tathA nIce inakA vAhana isa prakAra, bhAnapurA kSetra paramArakAlIna jaina zilpa siMha kA akana hai| pratimA ke Upara pAsanaka madrAma kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| Gon pArzvanAtha (?) tathA dono bhora sthAnaka tIrthakara hai / purAtattva vibhAga, vikrama pratimA ke pAzva me caeNvaradhArI puruSa kA akana hai| pratimA vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina (ma0pra0) 1. zrI garga, prAra. esa.-mor3I-maNDala kA zilpa vaibhava- 4. vahI, pR.83 (progresiva riporTa mApha mArkelAjikala sarve, vesTarna 5 bhAradvAja, ravIndra, bhAnapurA kA aprakAzita jaina zilpa, sakila-varSa 1920) / voravANI, varSa 31, aka 6, pR0 146 / 2. PRAS. WC,. P. 88-61 6. zrIgarga-mor3I-maNDala kA zilpavaibhava-TaMkitaprati3. vahI, pR. 62 prakAzanAdhIna /
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________________ rAmagupta aura jaina dharma 0 DA. sohanakRSNa purohita, jodhapura guptavaMzI narezoM ke abhilekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki rAmagupta kI mudrAeM vidizA, erikiNapradeza (pUrvIsamudragapta kA uttarAdhikArI usakA dvitIya putra dvitIya mAlavA) se prApta huI hai| DA0 ke0 DI0 vAjapeyI ne candragupta bnaa'| parantu vizAkhadatta dvArA racita 'devI ina mudrAtroM ko cAra prakAro me vibhAjita kiyA hai, jo candraguptam" nATaka ke upalabdha aMzo, bANa ke 'harSacarita" isa prakAra haiM- siMha, garuDa, garur3adhvaja aura bArDara rAjazemvara kI 'kAvyamImAMsA" tathA eka muslima kRti lijeNDa / ina mudrAmo para garur3adhvaja kA aMkana use majamala-uta tavArIkha' prAdi sAhityika sAdhanoM evaM rASTra guptavaMzIya nareza pramANita karatA hai| usake abhilekha kaToM ke saMjana', kembe tathA sAMgalI dAnapatro ke sammilita vidizA ke nikaTa durjanapura grAma se prApta hue hai| ye jaina sAkSyo se saMketita hai ki samudragupta kI mRtyu ke pazcAt mUrti abhilekha hai jinakI sthApanA rAmagupta ne karavAI usakA jyeSTha putra rAmagupta uttarAdhikArI banA, jisake thii| prathama evaM tRtIya abhilekha" ke anusAra, rAmagupta ne anuja dvitIya candragupta ne use mArakara siMhAsana para / cenukSamaNa nAmaka prAcArya ke upadezAnusAra candraprabha nAmaka ahata kI pratimA sthApita karavAI thii| dvitIya lekha ke adhikAra kara liyA thA / upayaMkta mAkSyAnusAra garagupta anumAra, umane pRSpadanta nAmaka prahaMta kI mUrti kA nirmANa eka kAyara evaM kula ke lie kalaka tulya thA / zaka nareza karAyA thaa| dvArA ghera lie jAne para usane apanI patnI dhrava devI kA hamAra mAnyatA hai ki guptavazIya nareza hone ke kAraNa zakAdhipati ko denA svIkAra kara liyA thaa| lekina usane madrAmo para garuDa kA aMkana jArI rkhaa| lekina dvitIya candragupta ne zakAdhipati ko dhokhe se mArakara vAstava meM rAmagupta kA jhakAva jaina dharma kI pora thA samrAjJI aura sAmrAjya kA sammAna bddh'aayaa| bAda me jisakA pramaNa usake jaina pratimAlekha hai| vizAkhadatta avasara pAkara rAmagupta kI bhI hatyA karake mihAmana pr| use kAyara kahakara pukAratA hai| lekina hama vizAdatta ke adhikAra aura dhrava devI se vivAha kara liyaa| ye ghaTa vicAro me sahamata nahI hai| hamArI dhAraNA hai ki zakAdhinAeM aitihAsika haiM athavA nahIM, isa viSaya para karIba pati ne jaba rAmagupta para prAkramaNa kiyA, usa samaya usane pichale pacAsa varSoM se bar3A vivAda calA pA rahA hai| (rAmagupta ne) kAyaratA ke kAraNa dhruvadevI ko denA svIkAra parantu pichale kucha varSoM me rAmagupta kI gadrAeM aura abhi kiyA thaa| apitu rAmagupta eka kaTTara jaina dharmAvalambI lekha prakAza me mA jAne se ugakI aitihAsikatA pramANita kaTTara nareza thaa| isalie usane socA ki yadi zakAdhipati ho gaI hai| se yuddha kiyA jAyegA to yuddha me saikar3oM vyakti mAre jaayege| 1. bhItarI stambha lekha / caturtha pakti-sappa senalakSmaNa ziSyasya golakyA2. gupta, paramezvarIlAla-gupta sAmrAjya, pR0 193-130 tyAsatputrasya celukSamaNasyeti / 3. vahI, pa0138 / 4. vhii| 10. prathama pakti-- bhagavato'haMtaH (candraprabha) sya pratimeya 5 iliyaTa, DAumana-hisTarI grApha iNDiyA eja TolDa kAritA mahA (rAjA) dhirArAja - bAi iTsa prona hisToriyanma, 1, 10 110 / dvitIya pakti--zrI (rAmagupte)na u(padezAt) 6. e0 i04, pR0 257, e0 i0 17, pR0 248 / (pA) Ni (pAtri)... 7 ja0 nyU0 so0 i0 12, pR0 103, 13, pR0 128 tRtIya paMkti caturtha paMkti .. 8. janala grApha iNDiyana hisTarI, 42, pR0 386 / 11. (1) bhagavato'haMtaH / puSpabantasya pratimeyaM kaaritaa| 6. prathama pakti ---bhgvto'hNtH| candraprabhasya pratimeya mahArAjAdhirAja zrI rAmagupte upadezAt kaaritaa| paannipaatrik| dvitIya paMkti--mahArAjAdhirAja, zrI rAmaguptena, (3) candrakSama (NA) cArya-(kSamaNa)-zramaNa prazi upadezAt pANiyA (vyasya) tRtIya pakti-trika candrakSamAcArya kSamaNa-zramaNapraziSyAcAyaM 12. ja. nyU0 so0 i023, 10 331.43 /
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________________ phulAna kI aprakAzita jaina pratimAeM DA. surendra kumAra mArya, ujjaina ujjana se :2 vilo mITara paricama dizA meM nAgadA- 4 phuTa 5 iMca caur3A hai| pAdapITha para saMvata 1178 idora basa mArga para phulAna grAma sthita hai| yaha ujjaina kA zilAlekha hai / lekha kI 4 paMktiyAM haiM para itanA bhagna jila kI bar3anagara tahasIla meM AtA hai| yahAM para vitrama hai ki kevala saMvata 1178 hI par3hA jA sakatA hai| pAdavizvavidyAlaya, ujjana va madhya pradeza rAjya-purAtatva vibhAga pITha para zera banA huA hai / ataH zera vAhana vAlI yaha ke saMyukta tatvAvadhAna meM purAtAtvika sarvekSaNa kiyA gayA hai| mahAvIra pratimA ho sakatI hai| yaha sarvekSaNa daMgavAr3A-utkhanana varSa 1976 ke kArya kA hI eka anya khaMDita pratimA hanumAna mandira ke pAsa eka aMga thaa| DA.vi. zrI vAkaNakara ke mArgadarzana meM proTale para rakhI huI hai jo pArzvanAtha kI khar3agAsana meM hai yaha sarvekSaNa kiyA yagA thA: narasiMgA grAma se 2 ki. mI. aura nizcaya hI 10vI zatAbdI ke zilpa meM nirmita hai| pUrva kI ora phalAna grAma sthita hai| yahA para mauryakAla, tIsarI pratimA mAtAjo ke porale (cabUtare) para zaka yuga va guptakAla va zeSa milate haiM aura TIle para basA hI harTa hai / isameM jana devI padmAvatI garur3avAhana para hunA jo prAcIna grAma kA sthAna hai, vaha aba ujAr3a hai| prAsIna hai va Upara tIrthakara pratimA padmAsana meM hai| devaisa TIle para sarvekSaNa ke daurAna tIsarI zatAbdI IsA pUrva gaNa, rakSa, kinnara va vAdyavRnda harSa se puSpa varSA kara rahe kI tAmra pAhata madrAeM milI hai| sAtha hI jIvadAmana va haiN| radradAyana kI va tAmra : mudrAeM milI hai| yaha eka sampanna cauthI va pAcavI tIrthakara pratimAye bhagna hai va kevala sthala thA jahAM para maurya yaga se zaka kAla taka paryApta pAdapITha hI zeSa hai / eka anya pratimA para caraNacihna hI janAvAsa thaa| yahI para jana pratibhAe milI hai jinakA zeSa hai aura saba bhagna hai / phalAna grAma meM yaha jana pratibhAyeM vivaraNa nimnalikhita hai : spaSTa karatI hai ki yahA para paramAra kAla meM koI vizAla grAma ko ghetA humA eka bherU hai, nAlA usake kinAre para devAlaya rahA hogaa| paramAra kAla kI eka tIrthaka ra pratimA milI hai jisakA zIrSa 22, bhakta nagara, dazaharA maidAna, bhagna hai| pratimA padmAsana meM hai aura prAkAra 6 phuTa UMcA ujjaina-456001 000 (pRSTha 76 kA zeSAMza) jabaki jainadharmAnusAra hiMsA ko paramadharma mAnA gayA isame jaina dharmAvalambI abivarSa ne rAmamugna kI pAlocanA hai isalie rAmagupta ne hiMsA se bacane hetu athavA yU kahie na karake usake sthAna para dvitIya candragupta ke prati ghRNA ki jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kI rakSA hetu apanI patnI dhruva prakaTa kI hai / yahA~ hama DA0 udaganArAyaNa rAya ke mata se devI ko zakAdhipati ko denA svIkAra kiyA thaa| ataH pUrNatayA sahamata hai ki jisa prakAra uttarakAla me buddhagupta, hame rAmagupta ko eka kAyara nareza nahI apitu kaTTara jaina bAlAdisya eva vajra prAdi narezo ne bauddhadharma kA anusaraNa dharmAvalambI nareza ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA caahie| kiyA usI bhAti pUrvakAla meM samudragupta ke uttarAdhikArI rAmagupta ke jaina hone kI puSTi kA sUkSma saMketa rASTrakUTa rAmagupta ne jainadharma kA avalambana kara liyA thaa|" nareza amoghavarSa ke sajana tAmrapatra meM bhI milatA hai| itihAsa vibhAga, jodhapura vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura(rAja.) 000 13. gupta, pUrvo0 pu. 46 / 14. rAma, udayanArAyaNa-gupta samrAT aura unakA kAla, pR0 178 /
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________________ zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtatva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM DA. premacanda jaina, ema e., pI-eca DI. jaina, darzanAcArya, jayapura kisI dharma kI zreSThatA usakI prAcInatA athavA mAnakara pratyeka vastu ke itihAsa ko pIche kI ora usake arvAcInatA para anivAryataH nirbhara nahIM hotI, kintu yadi udagama sthAna yA udaya kAla taka khojate calA jAnA hai| koI dhArmika paramparA prAcIna hone ke sAtha-sAtha mudIrgha tathya pramANasiddha hote jAte hai aura pratIta meM jitanI kAla paryanta majIva. sakripa, preraka evaM pragativAn banI dUH taka nizcita rUpa se le jAte pratIta hote hai vahI rahatI hai aura loka kI unnati, naitika vRddhi tathA sAskR.u.kA athavA unakI aitihAsikatA kA grAdikAla nizcita tika samRddhi me prabala preraka eva sahAyaka siddha huI hotI hai ka diyA jAtA hai| praba jana-saMskRti ko prApekSika to usakI vaha prAcInatA jitanI adhika hotI hai vaha prAvInatA ke katipaya pramukha pramANa prastuta kiye jAte hai| utanI hI adhika uma dharma ke sthAyI mahantra evaM ? 'mohanajodar3o aura haDappA" ke avazeSoM se purAtatva. nihita sarvakAlIna eva sArvabhaumika tatvo kI sUcaka hotI vetAnoM ne yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki pAryo ke kathita hai| isake atirikta kisI bhI saskRti ke udbhava bhArata prAgamana ke pUrva yahA eka samRddha saskRti aura evaM vikAsa kA samyaka jJAna prApta karane tathA usakI sabhyatA thii| usa maMskRti ke mAnane vAle mAnava susabhya, deno kA ucita mUlyAMkana karane ke lie bhI usakI susaskRta aura kanAvid hI nahIM the apitu prAtmavidyA ke aAdhArabhUta dhArmika paramparA kI prAcInatA kA anveSaNa bhI prakANDa paNDita the| purAtatvavido ke anusAra jo Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| avazeSa mile hai unakA sIdhA sambandha jaina saskRti se hai| prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jaina saMskRti kI prAcI. maga mUlara, makaDAnala tathA anya pAzcAtya vidvAnoM natA me zakA karane kI athavA usa atyanta prAcIna middha kI gaveSaNAyo ne yaha to sarvasammata rUpa se pramANita karane kI AvazyakatA hI kyo huI? svayaM jaino kI kara diyA hai ki kimI yuga me utarI kSetro se bahuta bar3I paramparA anuzruti to sudUra atIta me, jaba se bhI vaha saMkhyA meM prArya loga bhAratavarSa meM paaye| unakI apanI milanI prArambha hotI hai nirvivAda eva sahajarUpa me use eka vyavasthita sabhyatA thii| sarvaprAcIna saMskRti mAnatI hI calI pAtI hai aura bauddha vaidika-sAhitya se bhI yaha tathya pragaTa hotA hai ki anuzrutiyA hI nahI brAhmaNIya anuzrutiyA bhI atyanta vaidika Arya-gaNa lagha eziyA aura madhya eziyA dezoM se prAcIna kAla se jaina dharma ko svatantra sattA svIkAra karatI hote hue zretA yuga ke prAdi meM ilAvata aura uttara pazcima calI pAtI haiM / ataeva jaina saMskRti kI prAcInatA siddha ke dvAra se pajAba meM paaye| uma gamaya ke pUrva se hI dravir3a karane kI koI AvazyakatA nahI hai kintu aAdhunika loga gadhAra se videha taka tathA pAcAla se dakSiNa madhyaprAcyavido evaM itihAsakAroM ne jaba bhAratIya iti- deza tapha aneka vargoM meM vibhakta hokara nivAsa kara rahe the| hAsa, samAja, dharma, saMskRti, sAhitya, kalA Adi kA inakI gamyatA pUrNa vikasita thI / inakA lokika adhyayana prArambha kiyA to unhoMne usa prAdhunika aiti- jIvana bhI pUrNataH suvyavasthita thaa| kRSi, pazupAlana, hAsika paddhati ko apanAyA jisa meM vartamAna ko sthira vANijya evaM zilpa kalA inake jIvana ke mukhya sApana the|
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________________ 82, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta jahAjoM dvArA samUdrI bhAgo se laghu eziyA tathA uttara- mantra 2 / 637 me indra ko 'purandara' aura kRSNa yonidAsoM pUrvI aphrIkA ke dezo ke sAtha vyApAra na te the| kI senAmo ko naSTa karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| mantra DA. kItha ne yapanI pustaka meM likhA ki "Rgveda 1148 me 'gRha' nAmaka anArya rAjA ke eka sau putro ko me jisa dharma kA ullekha hai vaha pAryoM kA nahI kintu bhArata 'RjizlA' dvArA bhedana karane kA varNana taba pAyA hai jaba ke AdivAsiyoM kA anumAnana drAvir3oM kA hai|" ye spaSTa ki kRSNavarNa vAna dAso' para usane car3hAI kI thii| rUpa se bhArata ke prAcIna nivAsI hai| yahA ke nivAsiyo me Rgveda meM aneka sthAno para varNana kiyA gayA hai ki inakI pradhAnatA hai| parvata nivAmI 'dAsa' ke dvArA senApati zambara ke puro DA. regojina (vaidika iNDiyA), mArTinara vhIlara aura durgoM kA dhvaMma kiyA gayA, jinakI saMkhyA 60 (1 // (enasiyenTa iNDiyA), milavarTa (sTeTa ramyura), DA0 pI0 1307), 66 (2 / 16 / 6) aura 100 (211416) ela. bhArgava (iNDiyA ina vaidika eja), rAhula sAkRtyAyana kahI gayI hai| (Rgvaidika bhArya), DA0 satIzacandra kAlA (sindhu Rgveda me hI eka sthAna para indra ke lie kI gayI sabhyatA), kAmareDa ema0 e0 DAge (grAdi sAmyavAda se prAryoM kI stuti me paristhitiyo ko saMkSepa meM isa prakAra dAsatA taka) aura DA0 esa0 ke0 cATA (bhArata meM kahA gayA hai ki "ha saba ora me 'dasyu' ghere hue haiM, ve Arya aura anArya) Adi vidvAno ne dAsa aura dasyu Adi yajJa karma nahIM karane dete (akarman) haiN| na kisI ko ko bhArata kA mUla nivAsI mAnA hai| ye loga vaidika mAnate hai (amntu)| unake vrata hamase bhinna hai (anyamAryoM ke prAgamana ke samaya mindhu kI upatyakAnoM, sahAyaka bata) / ve manuSya jamA vyavahAra nahIM karate (prmaanussH)| nadiyoM kI dhATiyo meM nivAma karate the| he zanAzana ! tU unakA vadha kara aura dAso kA nAza prAryoM ke prAgamana se pUrva yahA eka samannata saskRti kara / ' mahAbhArata ke anusAra bhArata meM asura rAjAmro aura sabhyatA vidyamAna thii| vaha saskRti ahisA, satya, ko eka lambI paramparA rahI hai| prora ve sabhI rAjAgaNa tyAga aura adhyAtma para prAdhArita thii|' zaktizAlI hone vrata pArAyaNa, bahuzruta aura lokezvara the| ke kAraNa vaidika prAryoM ko unase atyadhika kSati uThAnI viSNu purANa ke anusAra, asura loga pAhaMta dharma ke pdd'ii| vaidika sAhitya me deva aura dAnavo kA jo mAnane vAle the| unako mAyAmoha nAmaka kisI vyakti yuddha varNana pAyA hai. hamArI dRSTi se yaha yuddha asura aura vizeSa ne grAhaMta dharma meM dIkSita kiyA thaa| ve Rgveda, vaidika Aya kA hai| yaha magharSa 300 varSoM taka calatA yajarveda aura sAmaveda meM vizvAsa nahI rakhate the| ve yajJa aura pazubali meM bhI vizvAsa nahIM rakhate the|" ahiMsA Rgveda ke mantro me bhI pAryoM praura anAryoM (mUla dharma meM unakA pUrNa vizvAsa thaa|" ve zrAddha aura karmanivAsiyo) kA sagharSa pragaTa hotA hai| mantra 111-417-8 kANDa kA virodha karate the|" mAyAmoha ne anekAntavAda meM pRthvI ko 'dAsa' logo kI zmazAna-bhUmi kahA gayA hai| kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA thA . Rgveda meM asuroM ko vaidika 1 The Religion and rhilosophy of Veda and7. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 227 / 5 / 6. Upnishada, pp 9-10. 8. mahateta mahAdharma mAyAmohana te yataH / 2 The religion of Ahinsa : by Prof. A. proktAstatrAzritA dharmamAhaMtAstena te bhavan / Chakaravaru, p. 17. -viSNupurANa 3 / 18 / 12 3. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 227113 6. viSNapurANa 3.18 / 14 4. atha devAsuraM yuddhamabhUta varSazata trayam / 10. viSNapurANa 3 / 18 / 27 --matsyapurANa 24 // 37 11. viSNupurANa 331825 5. RgvaMda, 122 / 8 12. viSNupurANa 3 / 18 / 28-29 6. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 22714954 13. viSNupurANa 3.1818-11
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________________ ghamaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtattva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM mAryoM kA zatru kahA hai|" ko batalAtI hai| dainika jIva ra me bhI ve loga pragati ke patha para the| mathaga myUjiyama me dUsarI zatI kI kAyotsarga me unake pAvAma, grAma aura nagara vyavasthita the aura ve hAthI sthita RSabhadeva jina kI eka mUrti hai| isa mUrti kI ghor3o kI savArI bhI karate the| unake pAsa AvAgamana ke zailI sindhu se prApta moharoM para akita khaDI huI deva sAdhana bhI the| yahA taka ki uname bhakti aura punarjanma mUrtiyo kI zailI se bilkula milatI hai| ke vicAroM meM vizvAsa thA / mara jAna mArzala ke anusAra, mohanajodaDo se prApta jaina saMskRti purAtattva paripekSya meM kucha mUrtiyA yogiyoM kI mUrtiyAM pratIta hotI hai| ina mindhu ghATI ke utkhanana meM jisa saMskRti aura mUrtiyoM meM se eka, yogAmana sthita trimanva yogI kI pratima sabhyatA kA rUpa hamAre sAmane pAyA hai vaha nizcita hI vizeSataH ullekhanIya hai| ra mati ke id : prAgvaidika kAlIna hai / mUrti pUjA prAdi kucha aise tathya hai vyAghra, mahiSa, maga prAdi pazu sthita hai| kucha vidvAno ji-se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki sindhu ghATI sabhyatA ke matAnusAra yaha pazupati ziva kI mUrti hai|" anya vaidika virodhI sampanA thii| vaha uparyukta dravir3a athavA vidvAno ke anumAra yaha mUrti kisI pahane hue yogI vidyAdhara jAti kI sabhyatA se sambaddha rahI hogii| yaha kI mUrti hai|0 ima trimakha mUrti ke avalokana se ahaMta jAti RSabha (bala) ko pUjya mAnatI thI, jise kAlAnara atizayoM me yabhijJa koI bhI vidvAna yaha niSkarSa nikAla me RSabhadeva tIrthakara ke cihna ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA sakatA hai ki yaha mAvazaraNa spina caturmama tIrthara kA gayA hai|" hI koI zilpa citraNa hai jisakA eka makha usakI banAvaTa zrI rAmapramAda candA ne apane eka lega me likhA hai ke kAraNa pradazya ho gayA hai| astu pAryoM ke prAgamana me ki mohana jodar3o se prApta eka lA pASANa kI mUrti, pUrva yahA~ eka samunnata maMskRti evaM sabhyatA vidyamAna thI jise pujArI kI mUrti samajha liyA gayA hai, mujhe eka yogI jo mahimA, matya evaM tyAga para grAghArina thii| ko murti pratIta hotI hai| vaha mujhe isa niSkarSa para isa prakAra, purAtatva kI dRSTi se bhI dhagaNa saMskRti pahacane ke lie prerita karatI hai ki pindhu ghATI ma uma kI prAcInatA middha hotI jA rahI hai| bhAratIya purAtatva samaya yogAbhyAsa hotA thA aura yogI kI mudrA meM mUtiyA kA itihAsa mohana jodar3o evaM haDappA se prArambha hotA pUjI jAtI thii| mohana jodar3o aura haDappA se prApta hai| padyapi ina sthAnoM meM prApta mudrAgrI kI lipi-mindhu mohareM, jina para manuSya rUpa meM devo kI prAkRti akita hai, lipi kA prAmANika vAcana nahIM ho sakA hai aura isI mere isa niSkarSa ko aura bhI puSTa karatI hai| kAraNa sindhu-mabhyatA ke nirmAtAgro kI jAti athavA sindhughATI se prApta moharo para baiThI avasthA meM navaza ke sambandha me nirvivAda rUpa se kahanA sambhava nahI, aMkita mUrtiyAM hI yoga kI mudrA meM nahI hai, kintu khar3I tathApi sindhu ghATI ke avazeSoM meM upalabdha katipaya pratIko pravasthA meM akita mUrtiyAM bhI yoga kI kAyotmaga mudrA ko thapaNa saMskRti se sambaddha mAnA jA sakatA hai| 14 Rgveda 1 / 23 / 17412.3 18.50 kailAzacandra zAstrI nA lekha "zramaNa paramparA ko 15. Mohan Jadro and the Indus Civilization prAcInatA", anekAnna vaSa 28, ki.0 1, pR 113-114 (1931) Vol 1 PP 93.95. PE Mohan Jo-dro and the Indus Civilization 16. Ancient India (An Ancient History of (1931) Vol-1 pp. 42.3. India, Part-I). 20. Ahinsa in Indian Culture, Dr. Nathmal 17. dekhie prAcIna paramparA aura itivRtta : lekhaka bhAga- Tantia. candra jaina (bhAskara)-- mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, 21. muni zrI nagarAja jI : bIra (zramaNa aka), vIra 1674, pR0 2.14 / nirvANa sa0 2460, pR0 46 /
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________________ 14 ki. 3.4, varSa 31 vaidika evaM paurANika sAhitya meM jaina saMskRti ke tatva: hai ki veda tathA aneka pArzvavartI grantho meM ahana, vrAtya, arihananAdarihaMtA,........." rohananAvA parihantA, dhamaNa, vAtarazanA, kezI, RSabha aura vRSabha, pArva, bhatizaya pUjAhatvAdA marihantA / ariSTanemi, mahAvIra prAdi saMjJAyeM jaina saMskRti kI prAga- arthAta arihanta ve hai jinhoMne karma zatroM kA athavA tihAsikatA ko siddha karatI hai| rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata va karmamala kA nAza kara diyA hai tathA jo atizaya pUjA ke purANoM meM bhI uparokta saMjJAeM pAyI hai| yogya hai| bahana jaravAhijammamaraNe ca ugaigamaNaM ca puNNapAvaM ca / jaina dharma me pAMca avasthAmro ge mampanna prAtmA garvo- hatUNa doSakamme huuNANamayaM ca prrhtii| tkRSTa evaM pUjya mAnI gaI hai| inameM arahanna marva prathama arthAta jinhoMne jarA, vyAdhi, janma, maraNa, ctugNtihai| arahanta kisI vyakti vizeSa kA nAma nahIM hai, vaha gamana, puNya, pApa - ina doSA tathA karmoM kA nAza kara to prAdhyAtmika guNoM ke vikAma se prApta hone vAlA diyA hai aura jo jJAnamaya ho gaye hai, ve agahanta / / mahAn maMgalamaya pada hai| arahanta kI inhI vizeSatAgro ko paMcAdhyAyI meM isa jainAgama meM agahanta kA svarUpa nimna prakAra banAyA prakAra batAyA gayA haigayA hai-jinhoMne cAra ghAtithA karmo kA nAza kara diyA divyodArikadehasthA ghautaghAticatuSTayaH / hai, jo ananta darzana suva jJAna aura vIrya ke dhAraka hai, jo jJAnadagvIrya saukhyAdayaH so'ha na dharmopadezakaH / / 5 uttama deha meM virAjamAna hai aura jinakI prAtmA zuuha grarahanta zabda ke vibhinna bhApAyo ma nimna prakAra ke ve mahaMta hai| rUpa raha hai - NaTubadukhAikammo basaNasa haNANa viiriymiiyo| saskRta mahat sahadehattho prammA sadyo ari ho vicitijjo / / prAkRna arahana tayA arihaMta dravya magraha 50 pAli arahanta zrI gaNeza pramAda ne likhA hai ki 'dravir3a' apana iSTa jana zaurasenI achaha deva ko ahana, jina, paramapThI eva Izva' ke nAma meM mAgadhI pralahaMta tathA pralihata mAbhihita karate the| jIvana zuddhi ke lie ahiMsA eva apabhraza malahatu tathA alihatu saMyama pora tapo mArga ke anuyAyI the| itanA hI nahIM, ye tamila arUha sAMsArika abhyudaya se virakta ho tyAgI, bhikSAcArI evaM kannar3a arUhata, marUha araNyavAsI bana cuke the| grahana, jinaparameSThI eva Izvara parahanta zabda prAkRta hai| isakA saMskRta rUpa hai kA nirvikAra Adarza hI inake jIvana kA parama Adarza 'mahata' / 'maha pUjAyAm' arthAt pUjArthaka 'ahaM' dhAtu se thaa| sAdhu digambara hote the, keza bar3e-bar3e rakhate the, 'mahaH prazaMsAyAm' pANini-sUtra se prazasA artha me zata adhikatara kevala vAyu ke AdhAra para jIvana yApana karata pratyaya hokara 'ahaMta' zabda banatA hai| prathamA ke eka vacana hue nirantara aAtma cintanazIla rahate the / ye loga tapasyA meM 'ugidacA sarvanAmasthAneH dhAte.' pANini sUtra se 'tuma' evaM zrama ke sAtha sAdhanA kara 'mRtyu' para vijaya prApta kara vA pAgama hokara 'mahan' pada banatA hai| sambodhana eka lete the| ___ vacana me bhI 'prahana' pada banatA hai / prAkRta bhASA me 'zatR' dhavalA TIkA meM parahanta kA artha karate hae likhA pratpaya ke sthAna para 'sta' pratyaya hokara 'mahat' rUpa banatA 22. bhArata ke AdivAsI aura unakI saskRti (lekha .. 23. dhavalA TIkA prathama pustaka, pR0 42.44 zrI gaNezaprasAda) mahAvIra jAnI mArikA, gan 24. godhapAhaDa, 30 .5 padAdhyAyI 21607
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________________ zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA: purAtatva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM hai| sAtha meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke 'I: zrI hI krIta klAntaklezamabhAsvapnasparzaharhi gaSu (prAkRta prakAza 3.62), sUtra ke anusAra raha ke madhya IkAra kA prAgama hokara 'arihata' tathA prAkRta kI paramparA ke anusAra prakAra kA mAgama hokara 'mahata' rUpa prAkRta bhASA me banatA hai| prAcArya kundakunda ne prAkRta bhASA me isakA eka rUpa 'prarUha' bhI prayoga kiyA hai.--'arUhA siddhAyariyA' (mokha pAhar3a 6 / 104) sambhavata: isa zabda para tamila kA prabhAva rahA ho| vaivika, paurANika evaM bauddha vAGmaya meM ahaMta zabda kA prayoga vinobA bhAve ne apane eka lekha pe Rgveda ke eka matra kA uddharaNa deta hue jaina saskRti kI prAcInatA siddha kI hai| ve kahate hai ki Rgveda meM bhagavAna kI prArthanA meM kahA gayA hai ki 'prahaMt idaM dayase vizvambam", arthAt he prahaMta, tuma isa tuccha duniyA para kyA karate ho| isame prahaMta aura dayA dono jaino ke pyAre zabda hai| merI to mAnyatA hai ki jitanI vaidika maskRti prAcIna hai zAyada utanI hI jaina saskRti prAcIna hai| Rgveda kA uparokta matra isa prakAra hai :--- prahat viSi sAyakAni, dhanvAhanniSkaM yajata vizvarUpamaM / prahannidaM dayase vizvamamabaM, na vA pro jIgro rUva tvadanyadasti / pratiSThAtilaka ke lekhaka nemicandra Rgveda ke uparyukta mandha se atyanta prabhAvita pratIta hote hai / unhone isa maMtra ko prAdhAra banAkara nimna prakAra se varNana kiyA hai.- 26. arhat vimarSi sAyikAni ghanvAha niSkaM yajata vizvarUpam / arhannida dayase vizvamambaM na vA po jIvo rudra tvadanyadasti / / __ -Rgveda 2 / 4 / 10133 27. vinobA bhAve- zramaNa saMskRti, pR. 57 28. Rgveda 2 / 5 / 22 / 4 / 1 26. Rgteda 4 / 3 / 95215 (5 / 4 / 52) 30. Rgveda 318615 (5 / 6 / 86) 31. Rgveda 115194 prahaMta viSa mohArividhvaMsinavasAyakAn / bhanekAmyotinirvAcapramANodAra bana ca // tatastvameva vApti paktizAstrAvirodhiyAka / dRSTaSvAdhileSTA syu. sarva kAmtavAdinaH / / prahaM nihAbhivatmAnaM bahirantama lakSayam / vizvarUpaM va vizvArtha veditaM labhase sadA / / grahanmidaca vayase vizvamabhyaMtarAdhayama / nasurAsunasaghAta mokSamArgopavezanAta // brahmAsura yo vAnyo veza rudrastvasti / Rgveda meM aneka sthAno para grahaMta zabda kA prayoga milatA hai 'prahaMta devAn yakSi mAnuSata pUrNa pradya / "58 "mahanto ye sudAnavo naro prasAmi zavasa / "59 "ahaMtA vityurodaya kSeva devAyavartate / "". imasno haMle jAtavedasera thamiva smhemaamniissaa| IDittI agne manamAnA mahandevAnyakSi mAnaSAvoM prth| ina ullekho 4 ekA pratIta hotA hai ki jaina dharma ke mAnane vAle hita ko apanA upAsya deva mAnate the| varAhamihirasahitA, yogavAsiSTha, brahmasUtra zakarabhASya meM bhI ahaMta mata kA ullekha milatA haidigvAsAstarUNo rUpavAMzca kAryorhatAdevaH / / 2 / / vedAnta hata sAMkhya sogata guruymmaadisuuktaadRsho|" zarIraparimANo hi jIva ityAhatAmanyate / isa prAI / paramparA kI puSTi vAyupurANa", zrImadbhAgavata", padmapurANA, viSNu purANa" skandapurANa, 32. Rgveda 2 / 11 / 3 33 varAhamihira sahitA 45158 34. bAlmIki yogavAsiSTha 6 / 173 / 34 35. brahma sUtra zAkarabhASya 2 / 2 / 33 36. brahma zaiva, vaiSNavaM ca saura zAkta tathA pAhatam / -vAyupurANa 104 / 16 37. zrImad bhAgavata 5 / 3 / 20 38. padmapurANa 13 / 350 36. viSNupurANa 17-18vA adhyAya / 40. skanda purANa 36-37-38
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________________ 56, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta zivapurANa", matsya purANa", devI bhAgavata prAdi purANo se bhI hotI hai| iname jaina dharmoM kI utpatti ke sambandha me aneka prAkhyAna upalabdha hote hai / mahaMtetaM mahAdharma mAyArohena te ytH|| proktAstaprAdhitA dharmamAhatAstena te'bhavan / / " viSNupurANa ke ima ullekhAnupAra, jo loga pAhata dharma ko mAnane vAle the unako mAyAmoha nAmaka kisI vyakti vizeSa ne grAhaMta dharma me dIkSita kiyA thaa| usI mAyAmoha nAmaka vyakti ne anekAnta vAda kA nirUpaNa kiyA thaa| ve Rgveda, sAmaveda aura yajurveda meM zraddhA nahI rakhate the| ve yajJa aura pazu bali me bhI vizvAsa nahI rakhate the|" hisA dharma meM unakA pUrNa vizvAsa thaa| ve zrAddha aura karmakANDa ke virodhI the| gataDino visokassa vippamuttasta smvdhi| sambagandhapahInassa parilAho na vijjatti // - dhammapada arahanta baggo 60 arthAt arahanta vaha hai jisane apanI jIvana yaatr| samApta kara lI hai, jo zoka rAhata hai, jo sasAra sa mukta hai, jisane saba prakAra ke parigrahoM ko chor3a diyA hai aura jo kaSTa rahita hai| aisA prarahanna jahA~ kahA~ bhI vihAra karatA hai vaha bhUmi ramaNIya hai - yatpArahanto viharanti bhami rAmaNayeka / 41. zivapurANa // 4.5 42. matsyapurANa 24:43-46 43. devI bhAgavata 4113354-57 44. viSNu purANa 3 / 18 / 12 45. viSNupurANa 31818-11 46. viSNupurANa 3 / 18 / 13-14 47. viSNupurANa 3 / 18 / 27 48. viSNupurANa 3.18 / 25 46. viSNupurANa 3118:28.26 50. sayukta nikAya 5 / 164 gotamadhuddha pR0 147 51. viyate yad tadavatam, vrate sAdhu kuzale vA iti vraatyH| 52. Vraty a as initiated in Vratas Hence Vra- tya means a person who has volmitanly buddha ne kahA thA "bhikSo, prAcInakAla meM jo bhI arahanta tathA buddha hue the unake bhI aise hI do mukhya anuyAyI the jaise mere anuyAyI sAriputta aura moggalAyana hai|"5. prAtya: vrAtya zabda kA mUla vrata hai| vrata kA artha dhArmika sakalpa aura jo saMkalpo ko karatA hai, kuzala hai vaha vrAtya hai|" DA. haivara prastuta zabda kA vizleSaNa karate haibrAtya kA artha vratoM me dIkSita hai arthAt jisane prAtmAnuzAsana kI dRSTi se svecchApUrvaka vrata svIkAra kiye ho, vaha vrAtya hai|52 vrAtya zabda arvAcIna kAla me prAcAra aura saskAroM se hIna mAnavo ke lie vyavahana hotA rahA hai| abhidhAna cintAmaNi koza me AcArya hemacandra ne bhI yahI artha kiyA hai| 53 manusmRtikAra likhate hai ---kSatriya, vaizya aura brAhmaNa yogya avasthA prApta karane para bhI prasaskRta haiM kyoki ve vrAtya hai aura ve pAryoM ke dvArA gahaNIya hai|54 unhoMne prAge likhA hai ---jo brAhmaNa, matati, upanayana aura vrato se rahita ho usa guru maMtra se paribhraSTa vyakti ko vrAtya nAma se nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai|55 tANDaya brAhmaNa meM eka stotra hai jisakA pATha karane se azuddha vrAtya bhI zuddha aura susaskRta hokara yaja prAdi karane kA adhikArI ho jAtA hai / 16 isa para bhAsya karate hue sAyaNa ne accepted the moral code of Vows for his own spiritual discipline- by Dr. Hebar. 53. vrAtyaH sNskaarvjitH| vrate: sAdhu kAlo brAtyaH / taca bhavo vrAtyaH prAyazcitAha' saskAro'tra upanayanaM tela vajitaH / - abhidhAna cintAmaNi koSa 3518 54 prata urva trayo'pyete, yathA kAlamasaskRtAH / sAvitrIpatitA brAtyA bhavantyArthavihitAH // --manusmRti 11518 55 dvijAtaya. savarNAmu 'janayantyavratAMstu tAna / tAna sAvitrI-paripraSTrAna bAhyAniti vinidizet / -manusmRti 10120 56. hInA va ene / hIyanta ye vrAtyA pravasanti / SoDazo vA etat stomaH samAptumarhati / -tANDaya brAhmaNa
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________________ zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtatva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM 87 bhI vrAtya kA artha mAcArahIna kiyA hai|" taka nirAhAra rahane para bhI unake zarIra kI puSTi aura upayukta sabhI arvAcIna ullekhoM me vrAtya kA artha dIpti kama nahIM huI thii| prAcArahIna batAyA gayA hai| jaba ki inase pUrvavartI grantho vrAtya prAsIdIyamAna eva sa prajApati samarayata" meM isake viparIta vidvattama, mahAdhikArI puNyazIla, vizva isa sUtra me "prAmodIyamAna' zabda kA prayoga hamA hai sammAnya Adi vizeSaNa prayukta hue hai| vrAtyakANDa kI jisakA artha hotA hai -paryaTana karatA huaaa| yaha zabda bhUmikA me sAyaNa ne likhA hai ---isame brAtya kI stuti zramaNa saskRti ke santa kI ora nirdeza karatA hai| isake kI gaI hai| upanayana prAdi se hIna mAnava vrAtya kahalAtA atirikta bhI vrAtya ko aneka jagaha ghUmane vAlA sAdhu bhI hai| aise mAnava ko vaidika kRtyo ke lie anadhikArI kahA gayA hai| zramaNa saMskRti kA sAdhu bhI prAdikAla se aura sAmAnyataH patita mAnA jAtA hai| parantu koI vrAtya hI ghumakkaDa rahA hai| ghUmanA usake jIvana kI pradhAna aisA ho jo vidvAn aura tapasvI ho, brAhmaNa usase bhale dinacaryA rahI hai| vaha pUrva pazcima uttara" aura dakSiNa hI dveSa kare, parantu vaha sarva pUjya hogA aura devAdhideva para- pAdi mabhI dizAo me apratibaddha rUpa se paribhramaNa karatA mAtmA ke tulya hogaa| yaha to spaSTa hai ki atharvaveda ke hai| jainAgama mAhitya me aneka sthalo para use apratibandhavrAtya kANDa kA sambandha kisI brAhmaNettara paramparA se hai| bihArI kahA hai| varSAvAsa ke samaya ko choDakara zeSa vrAtya ne apane paryaTana meM prajApati ko bhI preraNA dI thii|60 pATha mAsa taka vaha eka grAma se dUsare prAma, eka nagara se usa prajApati ne apane me suvarNa pAtmA ko dekhaa| dUsare nagara vicaratA rahatA hai| bhramaNa karanA usake lie prazna ho sakatA hai ki vrAtya kauna hai, jisane prajApati prazasta mAnA gayA hai| ko preraNA dI? DA. sampUrNAnanda vrAtya kA artha para- vrAtya loga vrato ko mAnata the, ahaMnto kI upAsanA mAtmA karate hai / 2 prora baladeva upAdhyAya bhI isI artha karate the aura prAkRta bhASA bolate the| unake sAtha ko svIkAra karate hai| kintu vrAtya kANDa kA parizIlana brahmaga mUtro ke anusAra brahma ga pora kSatriya the|" khAtyakarane para prastuta kathana yuktiyukta pratIta nahI hotaa| kANDa meM pUrva brahmacArI ko vrAtya kahA gayA hai|" khAtya kANDa meM jo varNana hai vaha paramAtmA kA nahIM apitu niSkarSa yaha hai ki prAcIna kAla meM vrAtya zabda kA kisI dehadhArI kA hai| mani devendra zAstrI kI mAnyatA prayoga zramaNa saskRti ke anuyAyI zramaNo ke lie hotA hai ki usa vyakti kA nAma bhagavAna Rpabhadeva hai, kyoki rahA hai| athavaveda ke vrAtya-kANDa me paka kI bhASA me RSabhadeva eka varSa taka tapasyA me sthira rahe the| eka varSa RSabhadeva kA hI jIvana varNana kiyA gayA hai| RSabhadeva 57. vrAtyAn vrAtyatA prAcArahInatA prApya pravasanta: pravAsa 64. sa udatiSThan ma prAcIdizamanuvyacajat / kurvtH| --tANDaya brAhmaNa sAyaNa mahAbhASya --pravarvaveda 15 / 1 / 2 / 1 58. kAcid vidvattamaM mahAdhikAra, puNyazIla vizvasamAnyaM / 65. sa udatiSThat saH pratIcIdizamanuSyacalat / brAhmaNa viziSTa brAtyamanulakSya vacanamiti maMtavyam / / -atharvaveda 15 // 1 // 2015 -atharvaveda 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 sAyaNa bhASya 66. sa udatiSThat sa udIcI dizamanuSya calat / atharvaveda 56. atharvaveda 15311111 67. dazavakAlika cUlikA--2 gA0 11 / 60. vrAtya bhAsIdIyamAna eva sa prajApati saMmerayat / 68. vihAra cariyA isiNa pasatthA / -pratharvaveda -dazarvakAlika culikA 2 gA05 61. saH prajApatiH suvarNamAtpannapazyan / 66. vaidika iNDeksa, dUsarI jilda 1958, pR0 343, -pratharvaveda 1521113 mekaDAnala aura kItha / / 62. DA0 sampUrNAnanda-pratharvavedIya prAtyakANDa, pR017..vaidika koSa, vArANaseya hindU vizvavidyAlaya, 1963, 63. vaidika sAhitya aura saMskRti, pR0 226 sUryakAnta /
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________________ 45 varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta ke prati vaidika RSi prArambha se hI niSThAvAna rahe hai aura Rgveda meM zramaNa" zabda tathA vAtagzanA: mumaya: unhe ve devAdhideva ke rUpa meM mAnate rahe hai| (vAyu jinakI mekhalA hai, aise nagna mani) kA ullekha zramaNa hA hai / " bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad meM zramaNa ke mAtha sAtha "zramaNa" zabda kI racanA "zrama" dhAtu (zrama tapasi 'tApama' zabda kA pRthaka prayoga hupA hai| isase spaSTa hai khede ca) me lyuT pratyaya joDa kara huI hai| prAcArya haribhadra ki prAcInakAla se hI tApasa brAhmaNa evaM zramaNa bhinna sUri kA kathana hai -- "zrAmyatoti zramaNaH tapasyatItyartha:"72 mAne jAte the / taittirIya pAraNyaka me to Rgveda ke 'mana yoH vAtarazanA" ko zramaNa hI batAyA gayA hai|" upayukta arthAta jo tapa karatA hai vaha zramaNa hai| isa prakAra zramaNa kA artha humA tapasvI yA paribrAjaka / uddharaNoM se prAcIna vaidika kAla se hI zramaNoM kA astitva evaM prabhAva spaSTa rUpa se vyakta hotA hai| zramaNa zabda kA artha atyanta vyApaka hai| vibhinna vaidika vAGmaya ke atirikta rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata" bhASAmro me upalabdha amaNa zabda ke vividha rA (mamaNa, tathA bhAgavata pRgaNa zramaNo kA spaSTa ullekha hA zamaNa, mavaNa, zravaNa, pramaNa, saramanAi, zramaNerAdi) hai| zramaNa saskRti ke prAdya pravartaka bhagavAna RSabhadeva vA zramaNa zabda kI vyApakatA giddha karate hai|" mizra, sumera, bhI ullekha vedo5 tathA purANoM meM zraddhApUrvaka diyA asura, bAbula, yUnAna, roma, cIna, madhya eziyA, prAcIna gayA hai| amerikA, araba, isarAila prAdi prAcIna dezo me bhI vAtarazanA zramaNa saskRti kimI na kisI rUpa meM vidyamAna thI, yaha Rgveda meM jina 'vAnaragana' maniyo kA bahadhA ullekha aneka aitihAmika eva purAtAttvika sAkSyo se siddha ho humA hai ve bhI aAheta athavA jaMna hAna cAhie / mAyaNa cukA hai| ne bhI inhI bAta razana maniyoM ko atIndriyArthadarza kahA - 71. bhagavAna paramaSibhiH pramAdito nAbha: pripacikIrSapA 76. mahAbhArata - 12 // 154 / 21 tadavarodhAyane marUdevyA dharmAn darzAyitukAmA vAta- 8.. santuSTA' karuNA maMtrA: zAntA dAntAstivikSavaH / razanAnA zramaNAnAnA RSINAm urvamanthinA zuklyA prAtmArAmAH sahadazaH prAyazaH zramaNA: janaH / tanvAvatAra / - bhAgavata purANa 72. dazavakAlika mUtra 1 / 3 / / 81. Rgveda, 10 / 102 / 6 tathA 4158 / 3 73. vizeSa ke lie dekhe lekhaka kA zodha prabandha "jaina hari- 92. (1) vahiSi tasminneva viSNudatta bhagavAna paramarSAibhaH vaza purANa kA sAMskRtika adhyayana" pR0 63 / prasAdiyo nAmeH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane 74. tRdinA pratRdilAso adrayo zramaNA agathitA pramRtyavaH / merudevyAM dharmAn darzayitukAmo vAtarazanAnA Rgveda 1019411 -- prazramaNA: zramaNajitA zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrvamanthinAM zuklayA tanuvAbatasAyaNa bhASya / tAra / / -bhAgavata purANa 5 / 3 / 30 75. munayo: vAta razanA pizaGgAvasate malA: / (2) Rgveda 101111136 / 2-3 --Rgveda 1011302 53. (1) munayo vAtarazanA pizagA vasate malA / 76. zramaNo'zramaNa stApamo'tApasaH / bhavati-bRhadAraNya ghAtasyAnu ji yanti yaddevAso avikSata // kopaniSada 4 / 3 / 22 unmaditA maunayena vAtAM mAtasthima vayam / 77 vAtarazanA ha va RSayaH zramaNA: urvamanthino vbhuvH| -tattirIyAraNyaka 27 zarIrecasmAkaM matAM so abhipazyatha / / 78. tApasAH bhuMjate cApi zramaNAva muMjate / - Rgveda 10 / 11 / 13632 -rAmAyaNa 111112 (2) taittirIyAraNyaka-112332; 112414; 17.12
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________________ zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtatva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM hai| "munayo vAtarazanA: piza gA bamate malA" kA artha carAI jA rahI thii| usa samaya ke zI ke sArathI RSabha ke DA hIrAlAla jaina ne sAyaNa bhASya kI sahAyatA meM isa vacana se ve apane sthAna para lauTa paayii|" prakAra kiyA hai-"pratIdriyArthadarzI vAtarazanA mani mala jambUdvIpa prajJapti ke anusAra bhagavAna RSabhadeva jaba dhAraNa karate hai jisase piMgala varNa dikhAI dete hai| jaba va zramaNa bane to unhoMne cAra maSTi kezoM kA loMca kiyA vAyu kI gati ko prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara lete hai. thaa| sAmAnya rUpa se pAMca-maSTi kezaloMca karane kI paramparA arthAt roka lete hai taba ve apane tapa kI mahimA se dedI- hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva kezoM kA loMca kara rahe the| donoM pyamAna hokara devatA-svarUpa ko chor3akara hama manovRtti se bhAgoM ke kezoM kA loMca karanA avazeSa thaa| usa samaya unnatavat utkRSTa prAnanda sahita vAyu bhAva ko, azarIrI prathama devaloka ke indra zakendra ne RSabha deva se nivedana dhyAnatti ko, prApta ho jAte hai aura tuma sAdhAraNa manuSya kiyA ki itanI sundara kezarAzi ko rahane deN| RSabhadeva hamAre bAhya zarIra mAtra ko dekha pAte ho| hamAre sacce ne indra kI prArthanA se usako usI prakAra rahane diyaa| prAbhyantara svarUpa ko nhiiN|" kazI muni bhI vAtarazana kI zreNI ke hI the| taittirIyAraNyaka me bhagavAna RSabha aura vRSabha : DA0 rAdhAkRSNana kahate hai "jaina paramparA ke anusAra RSabhadeva ke ziSyo ko vAtarazana RSi urva mathI kahA jaina dharma kA prArambha RSabhadeva se hotA hai jo sadiyoM se pahale ho cuke tha / aise pramANa milate hai jo batAte haiM ki zrImad bhAgavata purANa meM likhA hai -- svaya bhagavAna IsA pUrva prathama zatAbdI taka RSabhadeva kI upAsanA karane viSNu mahArAjA nAbhirAja kA priya karane ke lie unake ranivAsa meM mahArAnI marudevI ke garbha me paaye| nanhone vAle loga the / isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki jaina dharma vardha mAna aura pArzvanAtha ke pahale bhI thaa| vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyo ke dharma ko prakaTa karane kI icchA se yaha avatAra grahaNa kiyaa| jaina grantho meM RSabha ko hiraNyagarbha bhI kahA hai kyoki unake garbha meM pAne para prAkAza se svarNa kI varSA Rgveda meM bhagavAna zRpabhadeva kI stuti kezI ke rUpa huI thii| meM kI gaI hai|vaanrshnaa mani prakaraNa me prastuta ulleva yathA-gambhaTThiyassa jassa u hiraNNavaTThI saMkaTaNA paariyaa| pAyA hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki kezI RSabhadeva hI the| teNaM hiraNNagabhI jayammi uvayijjae usmo|| taNa hira anyatra Rgveda me ke zo aura vRSabha kA eka sAtha ublekha arthAt jinake garbha me pAne para suvarNa ko vRSTi huI, bhI prApta hotA hai| mugala RSi kI gAyeM (indriyAM) isI se RSabha jagata me hiraNyagarbha khlaaye| 84. vAta razanAH vAtarazanasya putrA: munayaH pratIndriyArtha- mudgalAnIm / -Rgveda 101 / 102 / 6 ' dazino jativAta jutiprabhayataH pizagA pizagAni 86. jambUdvIpa prajJatti vakSaskAra 2, sU0 30 kapilavarNAni malA malinAni vatkala rUpANi vAsAsi ... Indian Philosophy Vol-I, P. 227 "Jain vasate pAcchAdayanti / -sAyaNa bhASya 10113602 tradition ascribes the origin of the system 85. Rgveda : sAyaNabhASya--1057 to Rishabhadeva, who lived many centu. 86. vAta razanA ha vA RSayaH zramaNA urca mathino bbhuuvuH| ries back. There is evidence to show that ---taittirIyAraNyaka 2071 so far back as the first ceutury B. C. there 87. kezya gni kezI viSa kezI vimatti rodsii| were people who were worshipping RishakezI vizvaM svadaze kezIdaM jvotirucyate / / bhadeva, the first Tirtbapkara. There is 4. kakardave kSamo yukta pAsIdavAvacItsArathirasya kezI no doubt that Jainism prevailed even duIMyuktasya dravataH sahAnasa RcchantiSmA niSpado before Vardbaman or Parshvanath. kezI
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________________ 10, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta Rgveda maMtra 10 sUkta 121 kI pahalI RcA isa sAdhanA mora tapasthA se manuSya zarIra meM rahate hue use prakAra hai pramANita bhI kara dikhayA thaa| aisA ullekha bhI vedo pe haihiraNyagarbhaH samavartatA gre bhUtasya jAtaH patireka praasot| tanmaya'sya devtvmjaanmge| - Rgveda / 31.17 sa dAdhAra pRthivIM cAmutemA kasmai devAya haviSA vidhemaH // RSabha svayaM prAdi puruSa the, jinhone sabase pahale isameM kahA gayA hai ki pahale hiraNyagarbha hue| vaha martyadazA me devatva kI prApti kI thii| prANImAtra ke eka svAmI the| unhone prAkAza sahita RSabhadeva prema ke rAjA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta the| pRthvI ko dhAraNa kiyaa| unhone jisa zAsana kI sthApanA kI thI, usame manuSya va mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM bhI "hiraNyagarbha. yogasya pazu sabhI samAna the| pazu bhI mAre nahIM jAte thevaktA nAnyA purAtanaH / " arthAta hiraNyagarbha yogamArga ke nAsya pazUn samAnAna hinAsti / -atharvaveda / pravartaka hai, anya koI unase prAcIna nahIM hai| to kyA sava prANiyo ke prati isa maMtrI bhAvanA ke kAraNa hI RSabha hI to hiraNyagarbha nahI hai ? / ve devatva ke rUpa meM pUje jAte the| ___ RSabha ikSvAkuvaMzI the / ikSyAku mUlataH puru rAjAmro RSabhaM mA samAsAnAM sapatyAnAM viSAsahitam / kI eka paramparA thI, yadyapi Rgveda meM puruSo ko sarasvatI hantAraM zatraNAM kRSi virAjaM gopitaM gavAma / / ke taTa para batalAyA gayA hai| kintu uttara ikSvAkupro kA -Rgveda pra08 ma0 sU0 24 sambandha ayodhyA se thaa| jainAgama me ayodhyA ko hI isalie hI mudgala RSi para RSabhadeva kI vANI Rpabhadeva kA janma sthAna mAnA hai| udhara mAkhyAyana zrotra ke vilakSaNa prabhAva kA ullekha karate hue kahA mayA haisatra meM hiraNyagarbha ko kauzalya kahA gayA hai| ayodhyA ko kakarvave vRSabho yukta prAsIda pravAvacIda sArathirathasya keshii| kauzana deza meM kahA gayA hai| ataH kozala za meM janma lene duryuktasyaM yataH mahAnasa RcchantismA niruupdombglaaniim|| se RSabhadeva ko komalya kahA jA sakatA hai| -Rgveda 10.10216 Rgveda meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kA aneka jagaha ullekha isIlie unhe pAhvAna karane kI preraNA dI gaI hai-- hA hai|" eka jagaha RSabhadeva kI stuti 'himaka prAtma- mahomuca vRSabhaM yajJiyAnAM virAjaM taM prathamamadhyarANAma / sAdhako me pathama, madhunacaryA ke praNetA tathA gatyoM meM apAM na pAtamazvinAha veSiya iMdriyeNa idriyaM databhojaH / -atharvaveda, kA. 194214 sarvaprathama amaratva tathA mahAdayatva pAne vAle mahApuruSa ke arthAt samasta pApo se yukta, ahiMsaka vRttiyoM ke rUpa meM kI gii| eka anya sthAna para unheM jJAna kA prathama rAjA, mAdityasvarUpa zrI RSabhadeva ko maiM prAhvAna prAgAra thAnA meM zatrumo kA vidhvaMgata banAyA hai| karatA hai| ve mujhe baddhi paura indriyoM ke sAtha bala pradAna kreN| prasUtapUrvA vRSabho jyApanibhA basya zuruSaH santipUrvIH / Rgveda meM unhe stuti yogya batAte hue kahA gayA hai-- hivAna pAtA vidayasyadhIbhiH kSatra rAjAvA pradivo ddyaathe|| anarvANaM RSabhaM mandrajiha, bahaspati varSayA nvymke| - Rgveda 5138 - Rgveda ma0 1 sUtra 190 mantra 1 vApadeva kA pramukha siddhAnta thA ki AtmA meM hI miSTabhASI, jJAnI, stuti-yogya RSabha ko pUjA sAdhaka kA adhiSThAna hai| ataH use prApta karane kA matro dvArA vadhita kro| va stotA ko nahIM chor3ateuRma kaa| igI siddhAnta kI puSTi karate hue vedo meN| prAgnaye vaacmiiry| -Rgveda maM0 10 sUtra 187 unakA nAmollekha karate hue kahA gayA hai tejasvI RSabha ke lie stuti prerita karotridhA baddho vaSabho rokhItI, mahAdevo maanaavivesh| -Rgveda / 4 / 58 / 3 zAtAraminnaM RSabhaM vadanti, praticAraminnaM tamapariSTanemi bhave bhave / mana, vacana, kAya nIno yogo se baddha vRSabha ne ghoSaNA subhavaM supAzvamindraM havetu shk| kI ki mahAdeva mayoM meM pravAsa karatA hai| unhoMne apanI prajitaM tad barddhamAna puruhUtaminnaM svAhA // 61. Rgveda 124.161 24 / 33 / 15; 52 / 28 / 4 6 / 2 / 2 / 8 6 / 16110 10 // 12 // 1661 tathA Rgveda me hI 101102 / 6,4.58 / 3.
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________________ zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtattva aura aitihAsika pariprekSya meM prastuta mantra meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva dvitIya tIrthaGkara isakI puSTi rASTrapati DA. rAdhAkRSNana," DA. alabra. ajitanAtha teIsaveM tIrthaGkara pArzvanAtha aura caubIsaveM khevara". pro0 virUpAkSa, DA. bimalAcaraNa lAhA", jo bhagavAna vardhamAna kA spaSTa ullekha humA hai| gI0 jana"prabhati vidvajjana bhI karate hai| appA dadi meyavAmana rodasI imA ca vizvAbhuvanAni / pro. virUpAkSa vADiyara vedo me jaina tIrtha charoM ke manmanA yathena niSThA vaSabho virAjAsa // ulnekhoM kA kAraNa upasthina karate hue likhate hai 'prakRti-sAmaveda, 3 pra. 1 khaMDa vAdI marIci RSabhadeva kA pArivArika thaa|" veda usake sAmaveda ke isa mantra meM bhI bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko tattvAnusAra hone ke kAraNa hI Rgveda prAdi granthoM ko samasta vizvajJAtA batAyA gayA hai| mahatvaM na vRSabhaM vAvRdhAnamakavAri divya / khyAti usI ke jJAna dvArA huI hai| phalata. marIci RSi zAsanamidra vizvA sAhama vase natanAyogrAsado dA mihaMtA ke stotra veda-pRgaNa grAdi granyo meM hai aura sthAna-sthAna hvyemH| * . Ta para jaina tIrthaMkaro kA rukha pAyA jAtA hai| koI aimA samiddhasya parama haso vande tavadhiyaM vRSabho gambhavAnasima vAraNa nahIM hai ki hama vaidika kAla ma jaina dharma kA mdhvossvidhys| -- Rgveda 4 a0 4 va 6-4-122 astitva na mAne / uparyukta mantroM meM tIrthakara vAcaka zabda zrI vRpabha- UAra ke sakSipta vivaraNa se hama isa niSkarSa para deva kI mahimA kA gAna karate hae jaina saMskRti ko pahacata hai ki zramaNa saskRti bhArata kI eka mahAna samkRti vedo se bhI prAcIna pramANita kara rahe hai| aura samyatA hai jo prAgatihAsika kAla meM hI bhArata ke pAzva, ariSTanemi tathA mahAvIra : vividha acalo me phalatI aura phalatI rahI hai| yaha supAzrvanAtha", ariSTanemi tathA mahAvIrAdi tIrtha samkRti vaidika saMskRti kI dhArA nahIM hai, apita eka dUroM kI stuti kA vedoM meM tathA vedottarakAlIna sAhitya meM svatantra saskRti hai| isa sarakRti kI vicAradhArA vaidika ullekha humA hai prAtithyarUpaM bhAsaraM mahAvIrasya nagnahuH / maskrati kI vicAradhArA se pRthak hai| rUpamupadAmetatistro rAtrI surAsutA / 5 isa prakAra, yaha spaSTa hai ki jaina saskRti, jise zramaNa yajarveda ke uparokta mantra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA saMskRti kahA gayA hai, vaidika aura bauddha saskRti se pUrva nAmollekha spaSTa hai| kI saMskRti hai, bhArata kI prAdi saMskRti hai| COD uparyukta mantroM me tIrthaGkaroM (RSabhadeva, supAva, jaina darzana vibhAga, ariSTanemi, mahAvIra prAdi) kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura (rAja.) 62. (1) UM supAvabhindra hve| -yajurveda svasti na stAkSyo ariSTanemi, (2) jJAtAramindraM RSabha vadanti svasti no bRhaspatirdadhAtu / / praticAraMmindra tamapariSTanemi bhave bhave / -sAmaveda prapA0603 subhavaM supAzrvamindraM havetu zakra / 14. devavAhivardhamAnaM suvIra, stIrNa rAye sUmara vedyasyAma / ajitaM tad varddhamAna puruhUtamindraM svAhA / / tanAktavasava. sIdateda, vizve devA yAdityAya jiyaH saH / / 13. (1) U rakSa rakSa ariSTanemi svaahaa| -yajurveda - Rgveda ma0 2 0 1, mUbata 3 (2) tvA ratha vayadyAhuvemasto merazvinA savitAya navya : 65. yajurveda - pra. 16 maM0 14 / ariSTanemi paridyAmiyAnaM vidyAmeSaM vajanaM. 66. Radha Krishnan Indian Philosophy, jIradAnam // - Rgveda a0 2 ma04 va 24 Voll, pp 287. (3) vAjasyanu prasava pAvabhUbemA, 67. Indian Antiquary, Vol. 3. pp. 90. ca vizvA bhuvanAni sarvataH / 18. jaina patha pradarzaka (bhAgarA) bhA0 3, pra0 3, pR. 106 sa nemirAjA pariyAti vidvAn, EE. Historical Gleanings, pp 78. prajAM puSTi vagheyamAno aso svAhA / / 100. anekAnta-vedo meM gajate jana samvRti ke svara .. -yajurveda bha06 mA 25 mArca 1671. vapa: J0 36 37 / (4) svasti na indro vRddhazravAH, 101. prajana vidvAno kI mammaliyA, jana para pradarzaka, svasti na pUSA: vishvedevaaH| (giga) bhAga-3, pR. 31, /
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________________ jinendra pratimA kA svarUpa tathA usakA mahattva // zrI rAjIva pracaMDidhA, alIgar3ha 'satyaM zivaM sundara' kA samanvita rUpa kalA hai| kalA usake mUrti-vidhAna me kevala vItarAgatA yAnI rAga-dveSa se ke antargata 'jaina mUrti kalA' sundaratA ke sAtha-sAtha satya pare ke hI abhidarzana hote hai| jinendra mUrtiyAM cAhe nanda tathA kalyANa kI bhAvanA se anuprANita hai| sacamuca jaina yA maurya kAla kI ho, cAhe kuzAna kAla ko rahI hoM, mUrti kalA apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai / kalA-kSetra me sasakA cAhe prAcInatama kAla kI ho, prAja kI jinendra pratimAo apanA eka sthAna hai| se bhinnatA rakhatI hai| sarvaprathama mastiSka me prazna uThatA hai ki mUrti kyA jinabimba yadyapi nirjIva hai, para lagate hai sajIva hai? 'mUti' ke aneka paryAya hai-pratimA, pratikRti, citra, se| pApANAdi ke hote hae bhI ve paca bhautika tattvo tasvIra, zakla-sUrata, phoTo prAdi-Adi / kintu samajhane (kSiti, jala, pAvaka, gagana, samIrA) se vinirmita zarIrakI dRSTi se mUrti ko do vargoM meM vargIkRta kiyA jA maya hai| mUka meM bhI amuka dikhate hai / kAraNa ? kAraNa sakatA hai : yaha hai ki vimba eka aise zilpI ke dvArA tarAze jAte hai 1. tadAkAra mUrti / 2. atadAkAra mUrti / jo iname vItarAgatA, virAgatA tathA samatA jaise sundara padArtha ke asalI AkAra ko mUrti tadAkAra mUrti ke saskAro ko bharane meM kAphI sakSama hote hai| vAstava me antargata pAtI hai, jaise manuSya, hAthI, ghor3a Adi ke khilaune, ye bimba vina bole ho mAnava ke soya hue pAtma saskAroM tasvIra, pratimA mAdi / padAtha ka masalA yAkAra mana hAta ko jagA date hai, aura bhara dete hai unameM eka naI cetanA / hae bhI jisa mati me usa padArtha kA vAdha karAne kA cihna inake darzana mAtra se vyakti sukha-zAnti se prAplAvita ho samAhita ho vaha matadAkAra mUrti kahalAtI hai| udAhara jAtA hai / saca hai vItarAgI kI vItarAga mUrtiyo se rAgaNArtha, zataraja kI goTeM / ye goTeM zataraMjI khela ma rAjA, dveSa ko jItane kI preraNA vyakti meM samA jAtI hai| mantrI, hAthI, ghoDA prAdi ke svarUpa ko sthira karatI hai|' __ yaha apane me satya hai ki bimba kA prabhAva mAnava sacamu va jinendra bimba sthAyI koza hai aura haiM antahRdaya para spaSTa rUpa se par3A karatA hai, isa bAta ko vijJAna raga ke preraka / ye bimba una divya AtmAo kA hame kSaNa bhI svIkAratA hai| bAhya vastuoM kI preraNA se jA vicAra pratikSaNa smaraNa karate hai jinhone lokahita ke lie tathA bimba mastiSka me banate hai, unakA prabhAva mAnava zarIra ke sva-para kalyANa ke lie apanA jIvana samarpaNa kiyA hai| kaNa-kaNa para par3atA hai, aisA DA0 liTanaTana kahata hai| dhanya hai aura ananya hai aise jinendra bimba jinase vyakti sacamuca gande pratibimba gandagI phailAte hai aura ujale ajJAna ke gharAtala se uThakara jJAna ke pAmIra taka sahaja vItarAga pratibimya svacchatA / me pahuca letA hai| jaina dharma pravRtti kI apekSA nivRtti mUlaka hai, arthAt jina pratimA va unakA sthAna (mandira) vastutaH abhilASAmo (bahiraMga viSaya-kaSAyAdi) ke tyAga para caitya va caityAlaya kahalAte hai| ye manuSya kRta bhI hote hai vizeSa bala detA hai| prasta, prArambha se lekara adhunAtana aura prakRtrima bhI / matuSyakRta caityAlaya to manuSya loka 1. 'matyArtha darpaNa'-- sva. paM0 prajita kumAra jaina, zAstrI, sana 1637, bhA. di. jaina zAstrAthaM sagha, ambAlA chaavnii|
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________________ jinendra pratimA kA svarUpa tathA usakA mahattva cihna hAthI meM hI milate haiM, parantu prakRtrima caityAlaya cAroM prakAra hAtha kI hathelI dAyeM hAtha kI hathelI se nIce hotI hai) ke devoM ke bhavana prAsAdoM yA vimAnoM meM tathA sthala- aura khaDgAsana (isame pratimA sodhI, khar3I tathA jAnusthala para isa madhya loka meM vidyamAna hai| isa loka paryanta lambAyamAna bAhu vAlI hotI hai) meM hI sarvatra dikhAI meM sthita hone ke phalasvarUpa pratimA sthAvara kahalAtI hai detI haiN| tIrthaGgara kI mUrtiyoM ko unake cihnoM se pahi aura mokSagamana kAla meM eka samaya ke lie vahI jaMgama cAnA jAtA hai, cAhe ve khaDgAsana hoM yA padmAsana / jaina jina pratimA kahalAtI hai| dharma meM caubIsa tIrthaGkara hue hai| ina caubIsoM tIrthaGkaroM jainadarzana ke anusAra, vyakti apane karmoM kA vinAza " ke apane-apane cihna hote hai, jinase ve samajhe-pahicAne kara svayaM paramAtmA bana jAtA hai aura usa paramAtmA ko jAte hai ki yaha pramaka tIrthadura hai| ye cihna tIrthaGkara ke do avasthAe~ hotI haiM -eka zarIra mahita, jIvanmukta dAyeM caraNa ke pragaThe meM hote hai, kintu jinendra mUrtiyo ke avasthA aura dUsarI zarIra rahita, deha mukta pravasthA / sAmane hI ye cihna banA diye jAte hai tAki sahaja meM hI pahalI avasthA ko arhanta kahA jAtA hai tathA dUsarI mUrti ke mAdhyama se tIrthaGkara kI pahicAna ho sake / tIrthaavasthA siddha kahalAtI hai| prahanta bhI do prakAra ke hote DuroM ke nAma aura cihna nimna prakAra se haihai -- tIrthaGkara pora sAmAnya / vizeSa puNya sahita parhanta vizeSa paNya sahita prahanta tIrthaGkara / jinake ki kalyANaka mahotsava (jIvanakAla kI pAca 1. zrI RSabhanAtha prasiddha ghaTanAsthaloM kA utmava-garbha, janma, tapa, jJAna, 2. zrI ajitanAtha nirvANa) manAe jAte hai, tIrthaGkara kahalAte hai aura zeSa 3. zrI sambhavanAtha ghor3A saba sAmAnya grahanta kahalAte haiN|' 4. zrI abhinandana nAtha bandara jinendra bhagavAna ke isa svarUpa ko samajhakara aba yadi 5. zrI sumatinAtha cakavA jinendra pratimA kA adhyayana kiyA jAya to nahaja meM hI . zrI padama kamala jJAta ho jAegA ki jinendra pratimA arhanta (tIrthaGkara) 7. zrI supArzvanAtha sAtiyA (svastika) tathA siddha avasthA meM hI pAyI jAtI hai / mATa prAtihAyoM 8. zrI candraprabhu candramA (azoka vRkSa, tIna chatra, ratna khacita siMhAsana, mukha se 6. zrI puSpadanta magara divya vANI pragaTa honA, dundubhinAda, puSavRSTi, prabhA- 10. zrI zItalanAtha kalpa vRkSa maNDala, cauMsaTha camara yuktatA) se yukta tathA sampUrNa zubha 11. zrI zreyAMsa nAtha avayavo vAlI vItarAgatA ke bhAva se pUrNa arhanta ko 12 zrI vAmapajya bhaisA pratimA hotI hai tathA siddha kI zubha pratimA prAtihAryoM se 13. zrI vimalanAtha zUkara rahita hotI hai|' 14. zrI anantanAtha sehI sIkara kI mUrtiyAM kevala do grAsanoM--padmAsana 15. zrI dharmanAtha vacaNDa (isa avasthA me tIrthaGkara ke dAyeM caraNa Upara tathA bAyeM 16. zrI zAntinAtha hariNa caraNa nIce hote hai aura hAtha isa krama meM hote hai ki bAyeM 17. zrI kunthunAtha bakarA 1. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 2, kSu0 jinendravarNI, pR0 3. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 1, kSullaka jinendra vaja 300, prathama saMskaraNa, san 1971, bhAratIya jJAna pR. 140, prathama saMskaraNa, 1970, bhAratIya jJAnapITha pITha, durgAkuNDa mArga, vArANasI-5 / durgAkuNDa mArga, vaaraannsii-5|| 4. tiloya paNNati, gAthA saMkhyA 615-627, adhikAra 2. darzana pAhuDa, gAthA saMkhyA 27, pR0 11, prathama saMskaraNa saMkhyA 4, prathama saMskaraNa vi0 sa0 1616, jIvarAja vi. sa. 1977, mANikacandra granthamAlA, bmbii| granthamAlA, zolApura / gaiDA
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________________ 64, varSa 31, ki03.4 anekAnta cihna tIrghaGkara 1. jinendra pratimA kI spandana rahita netra dRSTi tIna 18. zrI arahanAtha matsya (machalI) vedoM (strI, puruSa, napuMsaka) ke prabhAva kI jJApaka hai| 19. zrI mallinAtha kalaza 2. jinendra pratimA kI nAsA dRSTi, bAhya padArthoM ke 20. zrI muni suvratanAtha kachuvA prati mamatva na hone kA saMketa karAtI hai| 21. zrI naminAtha nIla kamala 3. jinendra mUrtiyAM nirAbharaNa hotI hai jo bhagavAn 22. zrI neminAtha zaMkha meM vyApta virAgatA ke abhidarzana karAtI haiN| 23. zrI pArzvanAtha sarpa 4. jinendra vimba ke bhaTi rahita hone se krodha kA 24. zrI mahAvIra prabhu siMha abhAva bhagavAna me dikhAI detA hai| iname se RSabhanAtha kA dUsarA nAma AdinAtha tathA 5. prakSasUtra (janeU), jaTAmukaTa aura nara muNDamAlA puSpadanta kA dUsarA nAma suvidhinAtha aura mahAvAra ke ko na dhAraNa karane se, moha ke na hone kA saketa milatA hai / dUsare nAma varddhamAna, sanmati, vIra, pratibIra hai| 6, jaina mUrtiyo ke vastra rahita hone se prataraMga me bhI jinendra pratimA aneka lakSaNo se yukta hotI hai tathA parigraha kA prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| janetara mUrti se sarvathA bhinna huA karatI hai| nizcaya hI 7. jinendra mUrtiyA kuTila avalokana se rahita hotI jana pratimAye dUra se hI pahicAnI jA sakatI hai| jinendra hai jo bhagavAna meM jJAnAvaraNa va darzanAvaraNa ke pUrNa prabhAva pratimA khaDgAsana yA padmAsana rUpa me sundara-sasthAna vAlI kI jAnakArI detI hai| digambara (nagna) hotI hai| zrI vRkSa lakSaNa se bhUSita vakSa 8. jinendra pratimA nirAyudha hotI hai jo krodha, mAna, sthala aura unaka kukSi prAdi aga roma hIna hote hai tathA mAyA, lobha nAmaka kaSAyo tathA janma, maraNa aura hiMsA mcha va jhuriyo Adi se rahita hota hai| ke prabhAva kA saketa karAtI hai| lakSaNo se sayukta bhI pratimA yadi netra rahita ho yA 6. jinendra pratimA ke vakSaHsthala para zrI vRkSa kA cihna mundI huI Akha vAlI ho to zAstrAnukUla nahI mAnI sva tathA para ke kalyANa kA dyotaka hai| jAtI, isalie unake netra prAdhe khule rakhe jAte hai, arthAt jinendra pratimA ke samIpa me aSTa maMgala dravya tathA na to pratyanta munde hue aura na atyanta phaTe hue| ve to nitAnta arddhamIlita hote hai / Upara nIce athavA dAye-bAyeM 108 upakaraNa-zRMgAra, kalaza, dapaMNa, caMvara, dhvajA, unakI dRSTi nahI hotI hai, apitu nAsAgra prasanna va nivi vIjanA, chatra, supratiSTha, pAtrI, zakha, dhUpanI, dIpa kUrca pATalikA, jhAjha, majIrA grAdi bhI yathAyogya vidyamAna kAra maya unakI dRSTi dikhAI detI hai| unake madhya bhAga va adhobhAga bhI vItarAga pradarzaka hote hai| tathA suzobhita hote hai| jinendra pratimAno ke jo lakSaNa abhI-abhI nirUpita yadi jinendra pratimA doSayukta hai to usase hAniyA~ kie hai, unake pIche unakA rahasya aprakaTa rahatA hai, jaba bhI ho sakatI hai, jaise dAyI-bAyI dRSTi se artha kA ki ina lakSaNo kI apanI vizeSatA hai, ye tIrthaGkaro ke nAza, adhodaSTi se bhaya tathA UrdhvadRSTi se putra va bhAryA pracchanna guNoM ko vyakta karAte hai, jAnakArI dete hai| ina kA maraNa hotA hai| stabdhadaSTi se zoka, udvega, satApa lakSaNo kI sArthakatA isa prakAra se hai : tathA dhana kA kSaya hotA hai| 1. dainika jaina dharmacaryA, ajitakumAra zAstrI, prabhAkara, 3. tiloyapaNNatti, adhikAra saMkhyA 4, gAthA saMkhya' pRSTha 37, dvitIya saskaraNa, 1656, 4537, pahAr3I 1876-1880, prathama saMskaraNa, vi0 sa0 1616, dhIraja, dillii| jIvarAja granthamAlA, zolApura / 1. dhavalA, pUstaka saMkhyA 6, khaMDa saMkhyA 4, bhAga 1, 4. vasunandi pratiSThA pATha, pari0 41, zloka na sUtra 44, pRSTha salyA 107, amraavtii| 75-80 /
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________________ jinendra pratimA kA svarUpa tathA usakA mahatva sadoSa pratimA ko pUjanA prazubha mAnA jAtA hai, kyoM hai isalie prAyudharahita hone para bhI atyanta nirbhaya svaki usame pUjA karane vAle kA athavA pratimA ke svAmI rUpa hai tathA nAnA prakAra kI kSutpipAsAdi vedanAno kA kA nAza, aMgo kA kRza ho jAnA athavA dhana kA kSaya vinAza ho jAne se AhAra na karate hue bhI tRptimAna hai| prAdi phala prApta hote hai| aMgahIna pratimA kSaya va dukha niHsandeha ye jina pratimAye vyakti ko suptAvalyA ko dene vAlI hai| netrahIna pratimA netradhvaMsa karane vAlI se jAgata avasthA kI pora le jAtI hai| acetana se tathA mukhahIna pratimA azubha karane vAlI hai| hRdaya se cetana kI dizA meM vyakti ko jhakAtI hai| kuza pratimA mahodara roga yA hRdaya roga karatI hai| prasa yaha apane meM satya hai ki tIrthaGkara ke mananta jJAna, yA aMgahIna pratimA putra ko tathA zuSka jaMghA vAlI pratimA ananta darzana, samyagdarzana, vItarAgatAdika guNa prahapratimA rAjA ko mAratI hai| pAda rahita pratimA prajA kA tathA aura siddha pratimA me nahI hai, vagna una guNoM kA smaraNa kaTihIna pratimA vAhana kA nAza karatI hai| hone me ye kAraNa avazya hote hai, kyoMki ahaMta pora siddhoM upayaMDita saba bAto ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jinendra kA una pratimAno meM mAdRzya hai| yaha guNa smaraNa, anubhagavAna kI pratimAye sadaiva doSahIna banAyI jAtI hai, ve rAga svarUpa hone meM jJAna aura zraddhAna ko utpanna karatA hai nirdoSa hotI hai| pora isase navIna karmoM kI mahAnirjarA hotI hai, arthAta prA: jaba yaha jAnA aura mAnA jAtA hai ki prAtmA / navIna karmoM kA jhar3anA hotA hai| hI pUjya he tA phira jinendra mUrti ko kyA AvazyakatA prataH pAkSika zrAvaka ko apanI zraddhA aura sAmarthya hai ? uma kA kyA mahattva ? ke anusAra jina bimba, jina mandira prAdi dharmAyatana mI mAtra tIrthaharo ke guNoM kA smaraNa evaM cintavana (dharma ke sthAna) banavAne cAhie kyoki unaka banavAne se kama dana kA mAdhyama hai| mAdhana / pApa aura hama sabhI bar3A bhArI dharmAnubandha hotA hai, sAtha hI inake banavAne se jAnane ki mana bar3A caMcala hai| vaha binA lagAma ke dharma kI rakSA aura vRddhi hotI hai| yadyapi jinabimba va / kapokI bhAMti hai| phira aise asthira mana ko jo nina mandira prAdi banavAne me hisAdi doSa lagate hai parantu pala pala me bhAgatA hai, dauDatA hai, keme sthira kiyA ve doSa - -doSa nahI hai, puNNabaMdha ke kAraNa hai|' jamA ki jAya? keme ekAgra kiyA jAya ? lolagatA hai ki kevala likhA bhI hai 'tatyAnamapi na pApa patra mahAdharmAnubaMdhaH" jinendra pratimAnoM ke dvArA hI mana jaise teja daur3aka ko arthAta vaha pApa bhI pApa nahI hai ki jisameM bar3A bhAge zubha pravRtti meM lagAyA jA sakatA hai, use sthira kiyA jA dharmAnabaMdha ho| sakatA hai| isa paMcama kAla meM aise tIvra mohanIya karma kA udaya jinendra pratimA ke samakSa vyakti vicAra karatA hai hotA hai jo kisI se nivAraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ki he prabho! Apako kitanI prazAnta mudrA hai, pApa meM jinake zAstrarUpI netra hai aise vidvAn logoM kI buddhi kitanI zAnti hai aura Apa kitane mahAn hai, pavitra haiN| arthAt antaHkaraNa kI pravRtti bhI prAya: jina pratimA ke guNoM ke to Apa AgAra hI hai prAdi-grAdi rUpo se vaha darzana kiye vinA bhakti karane meM (unho ko ekamAtra stavana karatA humA unake guNoM ko apane meM utArane kI zaraNa mAnakara pUjA-sevA karane me) pravRta nahIM hotii| preraNA prApta karatA hai| sacamuca jinendra bhagavAna kA rUpa 'prAya:' 'zabda se yahA~ yaha abhiprAya hai ki koI-koI, jJAna rAga dveSa se pare vItarAgamaya hai| isalie vastra rahita, aura vairAgya bhAvanA me tatpara bhavya jIva pratimA darzana ke nagna hone para bhI mana ko harane vAlA hai| prApakA yaha binA bhI paramAtmA ke prArAdhana karane meM lIna ho jAte hai rUpana auroM ke dvArA hisya hai aura na poroM kA hiMsaka aura anya loga pratimA darzana se hI paramAtmA kA pArA 1. sAgAra dharmAmRta, zloka sakhyA 35, pR0 106, prathamAvRtti, vi0 saM0 2441, mUlacanda kizanadAsa kApar3iyA, sUrata /
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________________ mahAvIra : prAcaraNa ke zakti puMja DA0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA, alIgar3ha parinirvANa kAla me mahAvIra ke viSaya meM bahuvidhi samatA ne sacAra kiyaa| vyakti udaya se vargodaya aura vicAra vivecanA huI hai| jahAM taka mujhe lagA-mahAvIra antatogatvA sarvodaya mukharita huaa| samudAya aura samAja ko upAsanA kA prAdarza mAnakara unake upAsako dvArA ko samajha kara mahAvIra isa niSkarSa para pahuMce ki---- jisa prAsthA kI sthApanA haI, usane unhe mAtra devAlaya koho poI paNAseI mANo viNaya naasnno| taka sImita kara diyA, phalasvarUpa vyakti aura vastu-bodha mAyA mitANi nAsaI loho smvvinnaasgo|| meM bAdhA utpanna huI hai| merI dhAraNA banI hai ki mahAvIra _ arthAt krodha prIti kA nAza karatA hai, mAna vinaya kA mAtra upAsanA ke nahI, apitU mAcaraNa kI pratizaya zAkti nAza karane vAlA hai, mAyA maMtrI kA vinAza karatI hai aura the| unhoMne jo kahA use hama aAja taka gAte-vRkSagate hai| lobha saba (prIti, vinaya pora maitrI) kA nAza karane unhoMne jo kiyA, athavA unake dvArA jo hugrA, usase hama vAlA hai| prastu, unha prAyaH aparicita mora upekSita rahe hai / vastutaH unhone jo satya, pracaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha -ko sthAna diyA / kiyA, hamAre lie vahI prAdarza ke rUpa meM adhikatara upa- vrata-vyavahAra se jIvana jAgRta hotA hai| jIvana vyApI yogI rhegaa| saMkIrNatA ke samUla samApana ke lie unhoMne syAvAda kI mahAvIra ne dharma ko saMkIrNa nahI bnaayaa| usakI zailI aura anekAnta jame saphala siddhAta kI upayogitA mAkIrNatA unhe sarvathA priyakara rahI hai| unhone prAvazyaka kA samyaka udghATana kara diyaa| samajhA ki dharma kI abhivyakti lokabhASA me honI cAhie, prAja bha0 mahAvIra kA caritra hamAre jIvanotkarSa ke tAki usake samajhane ke lie samaya-paridhi meM na baMdhanA lie paramopayogI hai| una bAto ko mAtra gAne duhagane par3e / dharma to hamArI jIvana-caryA kA svabhAva hotA hai, kI aAvazyakatA nahIM hai apitu una sabhI bAto ko hamArI prataH usakA jIvata honA atyanta prAvazyaka hai| jIvana-caryA se caritArtha honA cAhie, tabhI hama svaya paura dharma kA svabhAva hai ki use samajha kara vyakti uThe, dUsaroM ko jIvana jIne dene kA nimitta juTA paayeNge| [] vyakti-uThAna samudAya aura samAja ko uThAtI hai| mahA mAnada-sacAlaka, jainazodha akAdamI vIra kAla me vyakti vikAsa hmaa| viSamatA ke sthAna para AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha (u. pra.) (pRSTha 65 kA zeSAMza) pratimA heya hai, pravandanIya hai| svakIya zAsana meM bhI utkRSTa ghana kara sakate hai| pratimA vandanIya hai, anutkRSTa nhiiN| utkRSTa aura anu___ yaha nizcita hai ki jahA~ nina bimba va jina mandira tkRSTa pratimA kyA hai ? paca janAbhAsoM ke dvArA pratiSThita hote hai vahA~ ke gahastha pUnA, abhiSeka prAdi dharma kArya Adi dhama kAya ajalikA rahita tathA nagna bhI mUrti vaMdanIya nahIM hai / jainAkarake sadA dharmotsava karate rahate hai jisa | unakA puNya bagha bhAso se rahita sAkSAt prAt saMghoM ke dvArA pratiSThita hotA rahatA hai aura azubha karma naSTa hote rahate hai / parantu Ta hAta rahata hai / parantu tathA cakSa va stana prAdi vikAroMse rahita pratimA hI vaMdanIya jahAM jinabimba va jina mandira nahIM hai vahA~ ke gRhastha hai| indranandi bhaTrAraka kahate hai ki nandisaMgha, senasaMgha, ta rahate hai| isalie vahA~ na devasaMgha paura siMhasaMgha ina cAra saMgho ke dvArA pratiSThita to dharma kA udyota hotA hai aura na ve puNya-baMdha kara sakate hai, na azubha karma naSTa kara sakate hai| prastu, dharma kI sthiti jinabimba hI namaskAra kie jAne yogya haiM, dUsare saMghoM ke ma jinavimba va jina mandira bhI makhya kAraNa hai| prataH dvArA pratiSThita nahIM, kyoMki ve nyAya va niyama ke viruddha haiN| dhArmika puruSoM ko jinabimba, jinamandira avazya banavAnA anta meM, yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jinendra pratimA caahie| isakAla meM ye hI kalyANa karane vAle hai tathA ye zramaNa saMskRti ke lie gaurava kI vastu hai| vaha pratyeka hI dharmavRddhi ke mukhya kAraNa hai| jaina-prajaina sAdhaka ke lie pUjya hai, mahAna hai aura hai jinendra pratimA meM digambara pratimA hI pUjya hai, arthAt klyaannkaarii| pIlI koThI, mAgarA roDa, svakIya zAsana kI pratimA hI upAdeya hai dhaura parakIya alIgar3ha-202001 1. sAgAra dharmAmRta, zloka saMkhyA 36, pR0 111, prathamA- 2. sAgAra dharmAmRta, loka saMkhyA 37, pR0 113, vRtti, vI0 saM0 2441, mUlacanda kizanadAsa kApa. prathamAvRtti, vI0 saM0 2441, mUlacanda kizanadAsa hiyA, suurt| kApar3iyA, suurt|
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________________ bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna jaina vizvavidyAlaya DA0 jyotiprasAda jaina, lakhanaU IsvI san kI 8vIM zatAbdI me bhAratavarSa ne eka prabhUtavarSa 763-814 I.) ne apanI saphala pAkrAmaka sAtha tIna sAmrAjyo kA udaya dekhA-dakSiNApatha meM rASTra nIti ke phalasvarUpa dantidurga ke ukta rASTrakaTa rAjya kI kUTa, bihAra-baMgAla me pAla aura uttarApatha ke madhyapradeza eka bhArI sAmrAjya ke rUpa me pariNata kara diyA, jisakA (gaMgA ke dogrAbe) me gurjara pratihAra / lagabhaga do ki vistAra sudUra dakSiNa me kerala aura kAMcI paryanta thA zatAbdI paryanta ina tInoM hI sAmrAjyoM me sampUrNa bhArata- aura uttara meM mAlavA paryanta, uttara-pazcima dizA meM varSa ke ekacchatra zAsana ke lie paraspara prabala pratidvandvitA prAyaH sampUrNa gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke kucha bhAga usake eva hoTa rahI, kintu ukta uddezya meM tIno meM se eka bhI aga bana gaye ye pora pUrva meM veMgi ke pUrvI cAlUvA usake saphala na ho skaa| tIno kI hI gAtha-sAtha svatantra sattA karada sAmana bana gaye the| taduparAnta adhika DeDha gau varSa banI rhii| itanA avazya hai ki una tInoM me vistAra, payanta yaha vizAla rASTra kUTa sAmrAjya apanI zakti, zakti eva mamRddhi kI dRSTi se rASTrakUTa sAmrAjya hI vaibhava eva mamRddhi kI caramAvasthA kA upayoga karatA sabhavatayA marvopari rahA / rASTrakaTo kA sambandha dakSiNApatha huprA prAya' akSuNNa banA rahA / 10vI zatI ke tRtIya pAda ke azokakAlIna prAcIna raTrikoM ke sAtha jor3A jAtA hai. ke anta ke agabhaga vaha akasmAt dharAzAyI ho gyaa| aura yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki 6ThI. 7vI zatI me ar3hAI mI varSa kA yaha kAla dakSiNApatha ke itihAsa inakA mUla nivAsa sthAna varADa yA vara)Ta (mAdhunika ma rASTrakaTa-yuga ke nAma se prasiddha humaa| apane samaya ke barAra aura prAcIna vidarbha) deza meM sthita lAtUra nAmaka isa garvAdhika vistRna, vaibhavazAlI evaM bhakti sampanna sthAna thA, jahA~ usa kAla meM ve pahale banavAsI ke kadambo bhAratIya sAmrAjya ke adhIzvara ina gaSTrakUTa narezo kI ke aura tadanantaH vAtApI ke prAcIna pazcimIya cAlukya kIrtigAthA prAba mausAgaro ke dvArA sudUra madhya ezinarezo ke prati sAmAnya karada mAmalo ke rUpa meM nivAsa yAI dezo taka pahuMcI thI jahA va 'balahaga' (vallabharAya) karate the / 7vI zatI ke uttarArdha meM unhona zakti savarddhana ke nAma se pragiddha hae / rASTrakUTo kI isa mahatI saphalatA prArambha kiyA aura 8vIM zatI ke dvitIya pAda ke prArambha kA dhaMga jahAM anakala paristhitiyo, unakI svaya kI ke lagabhaga rASTra kaTa rAjA dantidurga eka zaktizAlI rAjya mahatvAkAkSA, zaurya aura rAjanItika paTutA ko hai vahA~ kI nIva DAlane meM saphala haprA aura AgAmI 25-30 / usakA eka pramukha kAraNa unakI mAmAnya nIti bhI thii| varSoM meM vaha prAyaH sampUrNa daNikSApatha kA svAmI bana baitthaa| ve samabhya aura samaskRta bhI the, sAhitya aura kalA ke avazya hI usane apane pUrva prabhuSoM, vAtApI ke cAlukya prazrayadAtA the aura mavame bar3I bAta yaha ki ve pUrNatayA samrATo, kI uttarottara hone vAlI avanati kA pUrA lAbha sarvadharma mahiSNa / elorA ke prakhyAta guhAmandige kA uThAyA, apitu unake prabhutva kA anta karane meM sakriya utkhanana kArya kRSNa prathama ke samaya meM prArambha humA, yoga diyA aura zanaiH zanaiH unake sampUrNa sAmrAjya ko jimame zaiva, jaina aura bauddha tIno hI sampradAyo ne yoga hastagata kara liyaa| tatpazcAt usake uttarAdhikAriyo, diyA tayA usAvanita guhAmbApatya ke pratima udAharaNa kRSNa prathama prakAlavarSa (756-772 I.), govinda prastuta kiye / mahAnagarI mAnyakheTa kI nIva govinda tRtIya 772-776 I0), prava ghArAvarSa nirUpama zrI ne hI DAla dI thI aura usake putra evaM uttarAdhikArI vallabha (776-763 I0) aura govinda tRtIya jagattuGga samrATa amoghavarSa prathama napatuga sarvavama (815-877I0)
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________________ 18, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta ne usakA nirmANa karake aura use apanI rAjadhAnI banA- svarUpa jana jIvana ke prabhyutthAna meM ve pramukha bhAga lene me kara use dvitIya indrapUrI banA diyA thaa| sAmrAjya ke samartha hue| DA0 alekara ke matAnumAra, sArvajanika zikSA vibhinna bhAgoM me jainAdi vibhinna dharmoM ke aneka sundara ke kSetra me to unakA sakriya yogadAna sambhavatayA sarvopari devAlaya tathA dhArmika, sAMskRtika evaM zikSA saMsthAna thA, jisakA eka pramANa yaha hai ki prAja bhI dakSiNa bhArata sthApita haa| ina dharmAyatanoM evaM sasthAno ke nirmANa meM bAlako ke zikSArambha ke samaya jaba unheM varNamAlA evaM sarakSaNa meM svaya ina sabhrATo ne, inake sAmanta sara- sikhAI jAtI hai to sarvaprathama unheM 'OM namaH sidebhyaH' dAroM aura rAjakIya adhikAriyoM ne tathA samRddha prajAjanoM nAma kA magala sUtra raTAyA jAtA hai, na ki brAhmaNa ne udAra anudAna diye| usa yuga me paccIsiyoM udbhaTa paramparA kA zrI gaNezAya namaH / OM namaH siddhamyaH' vidvAnoM ne prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraza aura kannaDa kI viziSTatayA jaina mantra hai, hindU, bauddha prAdi anya dharmoM se vividha viSayaka mahatvapUrNa kRtiyo se bhAratI ke bhaDAra usakA koI sambandha nahI hai| isI prAdhAra para DA0 kI prabhata zrIvaddhi kii| vibhinna dhArmika sampradAya cintAmaNi vinAyaka vaidya ne bhI yaha kathana kiyA hai ki mAmAjya meM sAtha-sAtha phala-phUla rahe the| unake anuyAyI usa yuga me sArvajanika zikSA ke kSetra para jaina zikSako ne vidvAnoM meM paraspara maukhika vAda-vivAda bhI hote the, aimA pUrNa evaM vyApaka niyantraNa sthApita kara liyA thA bahudhA svayaM samrAT kI rAjasabhA me hI, aura sAhitya ki jaina dharma kI avanati ke uparAnta bhI hindujana apane dvArA bhI khaMDana-maDana hote the, kintu ye vAda vivAda praura bAlako kA zikSArambha usI jaina mantra se karate rahanA khaDana-maDana bauddhika stara se nIce nahIM utarate the, uname vastutaH uttara bhArata ke aneka bhAgo kI prAcIna paddhati prAyaH koI kaTatA nahI hotI thI aura na vidveSa yA vaimanasya kI prAthamika pAThazAlApro (caTasAlo mAdi) me bhI bhaDakate the: dhAmika atyAcAra aura balAt dharma parivartana bAlako kA zikSArambha usI jaina mantra ke vikRta rUpa usa yuga meM ajJAta the| sabhI sampradAya lokahita, jana- 'pronA mAsI ghama' se hotA pAyA hai, jisakA prathaM bhI jIvana ke utthAna aura rASTra ke abhyudaya me yathAzakti prAyaH na par3hane vAle hI samajhate hai aura na par3hAne vAle hii| sakriya sahayoga dete the| isI prakAra, jaina vyAkaraNa 'kAtantra' kA magala sUtra 'svaya upalabdha pramANAkSaro se spaSTa hai ki rASTrakaTa siddha. varNasamAmnAya.' bhI apane vikRta rUpa 'saradA varanA sAmrAjya me jainadharma kI sthiti paryApta spRhaNIya thii| mavA manAyA' meM bhAja bhI pAThazAlAoM meM pracalita pAyA use gajya eva janatA, dono kA hI prabhUta prazraya eva jAtA hai| sAdara prApta thaa| rASTrakUTa itihAsa ke vizeSajJa DA. ataeva isa viSaya me sandeha nahIM hai ki usa kAla me ananta sadAziva prattekara ke anusAra, usa kAla me dakSiNA- usa pradeza meM aise anaginata jaina sasthAna the jo zikSA patha kI sampUrNa janasakhyA kA hI kama se kama tRtIyAza kendroM ke rUpa meM cala rahe the aura unake koI-koI to aise jaina dharmAvalambI thaa| isa dharma ke anuyAyiyo meM prApa. vizAla vidyApITha yA jJAna kendra the jinase jJAna kI kiraNoM sabhI vargoM, jAtiyo eva vagoM kA pratinidhitva thA- caturdika prasarita hotI thii| uname rAjyavaza ka strI-puraSa bhI the, aneka sAmanta-saradAra, prAyaH pratyeka vasati (jinamadira) se sambaddha jo senApati aura daNDanAyaka bhI the, brahmaNa, paDita aura pATazAlA hotI thI usame dhArmika evaM satoSI vRtti ke vyApArI eka vyavasAyI bhI the, sainika aura kRSaka bhI the, jaina gRhastha zikSA dete the jiname bahudhA gaha-sevI yA gahamipI karmakAra aura zudra bhI the| jainAcAryoM ne bhI isa tyAgI brahmacArI, brahmacAriNiyAM prAdi bhI hote the / mayoga kA lAbha uThAkara svadharma ko rAjya eva samAja kI kSallaka, aillaka pora nirgrantha mani bhI jaba-jaba apane prAvazyakatAoM ke anurUpa DhAlane me mora use sacetana eva vihAra kAla meM vahAM nivAsa karate, vizeSakara varSAvAsa pragatizIla banAne meM koI kasara nahIM uThA rkkhii| phala. yA cAturmAsa kAla meM, to ve bhI isa zikSaNa meM yoga dete
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________________ bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna jana vizvavidyAlaya the| kintu jo vizAla jJAnapITha hote the unakA niyantraNa tayA saMsthAna ke kulapati kA pAvAsa sthala thaa| evaM saMcAlana diggaja nirgranthAcArya hI karate the aura vahA~ bATanagara ke isa jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kA zreya saMbhavaapane guru-bandhUnoM, ziSyoM-praNiSyo ke bRhat parivAra ke tayA paMcastupa nikAya (jo kAlAntara me senasaMgha ke nAma sAtha jJAnArAdhanA karate the| apanI carcA ke niyamAnusAra se prasiddha hamA) ke digambarAcAryoM ko hI hai / IsvI san ye niSparigahI tapasvI digambara munijana samaya-samaya para ke prArambha ke aAsapAsa hastinApUra, mathaga prathavA kisI yatra-tatra palpAdhika bihAra bhI karate rahate the, kintu anya sthAna ke prAcIna pAMca jaina stUpoM se sabaMdhita hone ke sthAyI nivAsa unakA prAyaH vahI sthAna hotA thaa| ina kAraNa maniyo ko yaha jApA paJcastupAndaya khlaaii| vidyApIThoM me sAhitya sAdhanA ke atirikta tAtvika, 5vI zatI I0 me isI stapAnvaya ke eka prasiddha prAcArya dArzanika evaM dhArmika hI nahI, laukika viSayo, yahA~ taka gRhanandi ne vArANasI se baMmAla dezastha pahAr3apura kI ora ki rAjanIti kA bhI zikSaNa diyA jAtA thaa| sAdhunI vihAra kiyA thA jahA~ unake ziSya-praziSyo ne baTagohAlI ke atirikta vizeSa jJAna ke prarthI gahastha chAtra, jiname kA prasiddha saMsthAna sthApita kiyA thaa| 6ThI zatI me isI bahudhA rAjapuruSa bhI hote the, isa zikSaNa kA lAbha uThAte pranvaya ke eka prAcArya vRpabhanandi ne dakSiNApatha me vihAra the / ina kendro me niHzulka prAvAsa evaM bhojana aura sAvaM kiyaa| inhI vaSabhanagdi kI ziSya parampaga me 7vI zatI janika cikitmA ko bhI bahudhA vyavasthA rahatI thii| ke uttarArdha me saMbhavata yA dhIsena nAma ke eka bhAcArya rASTra kaTa kAla aura sAmrAjya ke pramukha jJAnITho me hue pora saMbhavatayA ina zrIsena ke ziSya candrasenAcArya the mabhavatayA sarvamahAna vATagrAma kA jJAnavendra thaa| varADa jinhone 8vIM zatI I. ke prathama pAda ke lagabhaga rASTrakUTo pradeza (barAra) me tatkAlIna nAsika deza (prAnta) ke ke sambhAvita utkarSa ko lakSya karake vATanagara kI bastI vATanagara nAmaka viSaya (jile) kA mukhya sthAna yaha ke bAhara sthita cadora parvatamAlA kI ina cAmbhAra leNo vATagrAma, vATagrAmapura yA vATanagara thA jisakI pahacAna me uparokta jJAnapITha kI sthApanA kI thii| sampUrNa vartamAna mahArASTra rAjya ke nAsika jile ke DiMDorI nAsikya kSetra tIrthara candraprabhu se sabadhita tIrthakSetra tAluke meM sthita 'vAnI' nAmaka grAma se kI gaI hai| mAnA jAtA thA aura isa sthAna me to svaya dhavalavarNa nAsika nagara se pAMca mIla uttara kI pora satamAlA candraprabhu kA tathAkathita prANatendra nirmita dhavala bhavana aparanAma candora nAma kI pahAr3ImAlA hai jisako eka vidyamAna thaa| gajapanthA aura mAgI-tuMgI ke prasiddha prAcIna pahADI para cAmbhAra leNa nAma se prasiddha eka prAcIna jaina tIrtha bhI nikaTa the, elAura yA ailapura (elorA) utkhanita jaina guphA zreNI hai| yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA kA zava sasthAna aura kanherI kA bauddha sasthAna bhI dUra hai ki prAcInakAla meM ye guphAye jaina muniyo ke nivAsa nhii| rASTrakaTo kI pradhAna saMnika chAvanI bhI kucha haTa ke upayoga me pAtI thii| isa pahAr3I ke usa pAra kara usI pradeza ke mayUrakhaDI nAmaka durga me thI aura hI vAnI nAma kA gAMva basA huyA hai jahAM ki ukta kAla tatkAlIna rAjadhAnI mUlubhajana (mArabhaMja) bhI nAtidUra meM uparokta vATanagara basA humA thaa| bahusaMkhyaka guphAyo thii| isa prakAra, yaha sthAna nirjana paura prAkRtika bhI thA, ke isa silasile ko dekhakara yaha sahaja hI anumAna hotA prAcIna pavitra paramparAoM se yukta thA, rAjadhAnI prAdi hai ki yahAM kisI samaya eka mahAna jaina saMsthAna rahA ke jhamele se dUra bhI, kintu zAnti aura surakSA kI dRSTi hogaa| vastutaH rASTrakUTa yuga meM rahA hI thaa| usa samaya se usake prabhAvakSetra meM hI thaa| acchI bastI ke nakaTaya isa saMsthAna ke kendrIya bhAga meM aSTama tIrthaGkara candraprabhu se prApta suvidhAnoM kA bhI lAbha thA aura usake zoragula kA eka manorama caityAlaya bhI sthita thA jisake sambandha se asampRkta bhI raha sakatA thaa| eka mahatvapUrNa jJAna kendra me usa kAla meM bhI yaha kiMvavantI pracalita thI ki vaha ke lie yaha prAdarza sthiti thii| candra sanAcArya ke pazcAta mANatendra dvArA nirmApita hai| yaha punIta caitya hI saMbhava- unake pradhAna ziSya grAyanandi ne sasthAna ko vikasita
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________________ 100, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta kiyaa| saMbhavatayA ina donoM hI guru-ziSyoM kI yaha prAcIna prati para se uddhAra karake usakA antima saMskaraNa, mAkAMkSA thI ki yaha saMsthAna eka vizAla jJAnakendra bane to hai hI. anya koI racanA ho usakA abhI patA nahIM aura isameM khaTakhaMDAgama mAdi prAgama granthoM para vizeSa rUpa claa| isameM sandeha nahI ki unhone apane saMsthAna meM se kArya kiyA jAya / saMyoga se Aryanandi ko vIrasena ke eka atyanta samRddha grantha-bhaMDAra saMgraha kiyA hogaa| lekhana rUpa me aise prati bhAsampanna suyogya ziSya kI prApti huI ke lie Tano tAr3apatra tathA anya lekhana sAmagrI kI jisake dvArA unhe apanI cirAbhilASA phalavatI hotI AvazyakatA pUrti ke lie bhI vahAM ina vastupro kA eka dIkha pdd'ii| vIrasena, jo sambhavatayA svaya gajakulotpanna acchA bar3A kArakhAnA hogA / apane kArya me tathA sasthAna the aura yaha saMbhAvanA hai ki rAjasthAna ke suprasiddha __kI anya gatividhiyo me yoga dene vAle unake darjano cittaur3agar3ha ke moge (maurya) rAjA dhavalappadeva ke kaniSTha sahAyaka aura sahayogI bhI hoge| unake sadharmA ke rUpa putra the, gurU kI abhilASA ko pUrNa karane ke lie mannaddha me jayasena kA aura pramukha ziSyoM ke rUpa me dazaratha gurU, ho gaye / gurU kI preraNA se vaha prAgamoM ke viziSTa jJAnI zrIpAla, vinayasena, padmasena, devasena aura jinasena ke nAma elAcArya kI sevA me pahuMce, jo usa samaya citrakaTapura to prApta hote hI hai| anya samakAlIna vidvAno me unake (uparokta cittaur3a) me hI nivAma karate the, aura unake dIkSAgurU prAryanandi aura vidyAgurU elAcArya ke atirikta samIpa unhone kammapaya DipAhuDa mAdi prAgamo kA gabhIra dakSiNApatha me gaMganareza zrIpurupa mattaraga zatrubhayakara adhyayana kiyaa| tadanantara vaha apane vATanagara ke saMsthAna (726-776 I0) dvArA samAdata tathA nirga DarAja ke me vApasa pAye aura 8vIM zatI I0 ke madhya ke lagabhaga rAjanIti vidyA gurU vimalacandra, rASTrakaTa kRSNa prathama kI guru ke nidhanoparAnta ukta sasthAna ke adhyakSa yA kulapani sabhA me vAda-vijaya karane vAle paravAdimalla, akaladeva bane aura prAgamo kI apanI vizAla TIkApo ke nirmANa ke prathama TIkAkAra anantavIrya prathama, tattvArthazlokavAtika, kArya me ekaniSTha hokara juTa gaye / aSTasahasrI prAdi ke kartA vidyAnanda, harivazapurANakAra svAmI vIrasena ko prAkRta praura saskRna ubhaya bhASAmro jinamenamUri, rAmAyaNa Adi ke racayitA apabhraMza ke para pUrNa adhikAra thA, siddhAnta, chAda, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa mahAkavi svayaMbhu prAdi ullekhanIya hai| cittaur3a nivAsI aura pramANa zAstro meM vaha parama niSNAta the| unake ziSya mahAn zvetAmbarAcArya yAkinIsana haribhadrasari bhI inake jinasena ne unake lie kavi cakravartI vizeSaNa bhI prayukta samakAlIna the| bhaTTAkalaMkadeva ko apanI bAlyAvasthA meM kiyA hai| vIrasena apane samaya ke sarvopari 'pUstaka-ziSya' svAmI vIrasena ne dekhA sunA ho sakatA hai-unakA samajhe jAte the, jisakA artha hai ki unhone usa samaya smaraNa vIrasena 'pUjyapAda' nAma se karate the| svAmI upalabdha prAyaH samasta sAhitya paDha DAlA thaa| yaha tathya vIrasena ne apanI dhavalA TIkA kI samApti san 781 I0 unakI kRtiyoM meM upalabdha anaginata saMdarbha maMketo va (vikrama sa0 838) me kI thI aura 763 I. ke lagabhaga uddharaNo se bhI spaSTa hai| ina grAcArya pugava ne jo vidyAla unakA svargavAsa ho gayA pratIta hotA hai| isameM sadeha sAhitya sRjana kiyA usame SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama pAca nahIM hai ki vATanagara me jJAna kendra ko svAmI vIrasena ne khaNDoM para nirmita 'ghavala' nAma kI 72000 zloka pari- unnati ke carama zikhara para pahuMcA diyA thaa| mANa mahatI TIkA, chaThe khaNDa 'mahAbandha' kA 30000 unake pazcAt saMsthAna kA kAryabhAra unake priya zloka parimANa saTippaNa mampAdana 'mahAdhavala' ke rUpa me, ziSya jinasena svAmI ne sNbhaalaa| yaha praviddhakarNa bAlakasAya prAbhUta kI 'jayadhavala' nAmnI TIkA kA lagabhaga tapasvI bhI adbhuta pratibhA sampanna the / pAzrvAbhyudaya tRtIyAza jo lagabhaga 25500 inoka parimANa hai, middha- kAvya unake kAvya kauzala kA uttama paricAyaka hai| san bhUpaddhati nAma kA gaNita zAstra tathA 2rI zatI I0 ka 837 I. (zaka * 756) meM unhone guru dvArA adhure yativRSabhAcArya kRta nilIyapaNatti kA kisI jIrNa zIrNa chor3e kArya- jayadhavala ke zeSApa ko lagabhaga 40000
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________________ bhAratavaSa kA eka prAcIna jaina vizvavidyAlaya 101 iloka parimANa pUrNa kiyaa| isa mahAgrantha kA sampAdana hAla me hI nAsika jile ke vajIrakheDA grAma se unake jyeSTha sagharmA zrIpAla ne kiyA thaa| aisA lagatA hai prApta do tAmrazAsanoM se patA calatA hai ki uparokta ki tadanantara jinasena ne mahApurANa kI racanA prAraMbha kI kRSNa dvitIya ke pautra evaM uttarAdhikArI rASTrakaTa nareza kintu vaha usake prAdya 10380 zloka hI raca pAye aura indra tRtIya (614-622 I0) ne apane siMhAsanArohaNa unameM prathama tIrthaGkara prAdinAtha kA caritra bhI pUrA na ke upalakSya me, eka ke dvArA candanApura-pattana (candanapura kara pAye ki 850 I0 ke kucha pUrva hI unakA nidhana yA candrapura) kI jaina basati ko aura dUsare ke dvArA baDaho gyaa| rASTrakaTa samrAT amoghavarSa prathama napataga ne pattana (baDanagarapattana yA vATanagara) ko jaina basati (815-977 I.) unhe apanA guru mAnatA thA aura ko bhUmi prAdi kA dAna diyA thaa| ye dAna draviDamaMca ke yadA-kadA rAjyakArya se virAma lekara unake tapovana meM vIragaNa kI cIn yAnvaya zAkhA yA virNayAnvaya zAkhA ke pAkara unake sAnnidhya me samaya vyatIta karatA thaa| vaha vardhamAna guru ke ziSya lokabhadra ko samarpita kiye gaye the| svayaM bhI acchA vidvAna aura kavi thaa| svAmI jinamenomA lagatA hai ki isa kAla meM isa pradeza meM sena gaNa ke ke samakAlIna vidvAnoM meM unake guru evaM sadharmAoM ke gurutroM kA prabhAva aura draviDasaMgha kA prAbalya ho jAne se atirikta harivaMzapurANakAra jinasenasUri, uparokta svAmi gRNabhadra yA lokamena ke vardhamAnaguru nAmaka kisI ziSya ne vidyAnanda, anantavIrya dvitIya, arkakoti, vijayakIti / draviDamadha meM apanA sambadha joDa liyA ho aura usameM svayabhaputra kavi tribhuvanasvayabhu, zivakoTakhAcArya, vaidhaka. apane paramparA-guru vIrasena ke nAma para vIragaNa kI zAstra kalyANakAraka ke racayitA ugrAditya, gaNitasArasagraha sthApanA karake isa saMsthAna kA adhikAra apane hAtha meM le ke kartA mahAvIrAcArya aura vaiyAkaraNI zAkaTAyana pAtya- liyA ho| vajIrakheDA kA prAcIna nAma bhI vIrakheDA yA kIti ullekhanIya hai| iname se kama se kama antima tani vIragrAma rahA batAyA jAtA hai, vaDanagarapattana to vATanagara ko bhI samrATa amoghavarSa kA prathaya prApta huprA thaa| me bhinna hI pranIna honA hai, candapUra yA candrapura nAma svAmI jinasena ke pradhAna ziSya prAcArya guNabhadra the, ko koI navIna bastI pUrvokta candraprabha caityAlaya ke I. jinhoMne guru ke adhure choDe prAdipurANa ko saMkSepa me pUrA girda vikasita ho gaI ho sakatI hai| kiyA tathA uttarapUrANa ke rUpa me anya 23 tIrthakaro yoM isa mahAn dharma kendra kI prasiddhi, saMbhavatayA usake kA caritra nibaddha kiyaa| unhone prAtmAnuzAsana prora devAyatanoM prAdi tathA katipaya sasthAnoM ko vidyamAnatA jinadattacaritra kI bhI racanA kii| kahA jAtA hai ki bhI, kama se kama agale sau-DeDha sau varSa paryanta banI rhii| samrATa pramoghavarSa ne apane yuvarAja kRSNa dvitIya kA guru san 1043 I0 (vi0 sa0 1100) meM dhArAnagarI ke unheM niyukta kiyA thaa| guNabhadrAcArya kA nidhana kRSNa prasiddha mahArAja bhoja (1006-1050 I.) ke samaya meM dvitIya ke rAjyakAla (878-614 I0) ke prArambha ho, apanA apabhraMza sudarzanacarita pUrNa karane vAle prAcArya nayalagabhaga 850I0 meM ho gayA lagatA hai| unake samaya taka naMdi ne apane sakala vidhi-vidhAna kAvya meM eka sthala isa paramparA ke gUruSo kA hI vATagrAma ke kendra se sIvA para likhA hai ki "uttama evaM prasiddha varADa deza ke antargata evaM pradhAna sambandha rahA aura vaha pUrvavat phalatA-phUlatA -kIti lakSmI sarasvatI (ke sayoga) se manohara vATarahA, kintu guNabhadra ke uparAnta usakI sthiti goNa hotI grAma ke mahAna mahala zikhara (uttuga bhavana) meM jahA~ gii| guNabhadra ke pradhAna ziSya lokasana ne amoghavarSa ke jinendra candraprabhu virAjate the, vIrasena-jinasena devo ne jaina senApati bakeyarasa ke putra lokAditya ke prazraya meM dhavala, jayadhavala pora mahAbandha nAma ke tIna zivapathA usakI rAjadhAnI baMkApura ko apanA kendra banA liyA (mokSamArgI) siddhAnta granthoM kI racanA bhavyajano ko pratIta hotA hai, jahA~ usane 89 I. me guru dvArA racita sUkhadAyI kI thii| vahI siddhi ramaNI ke hAra puDarIka mora uttarapurANa kA granthavimocana samAroha kiyA thaa| (zeSa pR0 110 para)
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________________ samayasAra meM tattva-vivecana kI dRSTi D DA. dAmodara zAstrI, naI dillI jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM 'samayasAra' jaisI kRti Nati hokara vibhAva-avasthA yA vikRti hotI hai aura isa anupama hai| isa kRti meM prAdhyAtmikatA va dArzanikatA prakAra bandhana aura bhI dRr3hatara hotA calA jAtA hai| kA anUThA samanvita rUpa dekhane ko milatA hai, sAtha hI saMkSepa me, moha va rAga-dvaSa bandha ke kAraNa hai|' isalie jaina dArzanika sAhitya meM eka naI paramparA kA sUtrapAta mamakSa ko prAtma-jJAna tathA rAgadveSahIna samatAvasthA kI bhii| jaina sAhitya ke samagra itihAsa para dRSTi DAleM to prApti ke lie prayatna karanA caahie| bandha ke hetu hameM isa kRti se pahale eka bhI aisA grantha nahI milatA yadyapi mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya Adi kaI hai, jisame samayasAra kI taraha mukti ko yA paramAtmAvasthA tathApi mithyAtva va kaSAya kA nAza hue binA, vizeSataH ko pratAvasthA kI sthiti ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA prajJAna yA moha ko naSTa kiye binA sAdhanA kI koTi para ho / prAtma-nirUpaNa me jo tattva-daSTi bhI apanAI gaI hai, car3hanA asabhava hai| vaha apUrva hai / jijJAsA svAbhAvika hai ki prAca yaM kundakunda isa prakAra tattva-jJAna, vizeSakara AtmajJAna jainako samayasAra jaisA grantha likhane kI kyA AvazyakatA huI, maktimArga kA anivArya aMga hai| jaina prAcAryoM ke mata me yA ve kauna-sI paristhitiyA thI jinhone prAcArya kundakUnda ko 'samayasAra' likhane ke lie prerita kiyaa| isa prAtmA kA jJAna prAtmA va anAtma dono ko jAne vinA prazna ke samAdhAna ke liye hame jaina darzana ke bandha va mokSa sambhava nahI / sakSepa me, bhedavijJAna se hI mukti kA dvAra kI pUrva svIkRta prakriyAgro kA adhyayana karanA hogaa| khula sakatA hai| ataH prAtmA ke sAtha-sAtha anAtma ajIva padArtha kA jJAna bhI jarUrI ho gayA, aura yahI samayasAra se pUrva mokSa prApti kI jo mAnyatA pramukha kAraNa thA ki jaina pAgama va prAgametara sAhitya jIvarUpa se pracalita rahI, vaha yaha thI ki prAtma-anAtma kA aviveka hamAre bandhana kA kAraNa hai| prAtmasvarUpa kA sahI ajIva, paMcAstikAya yA padvya ke nirUpaNoM se bharA par3A hai| jJAna na hone se anAtma padArtha ko bhI hama pAtmA samajha baiThe hai| isI prajJAna se hamArI prAtmA ma rAgadveSAdi pari- isa prakAra, eka tarapha upaniSado ke 'prAtmA vA mare 1. pravacanasAra, 183.84 / 2. rAgadveSavimohAnA jJAnino yadasabhavaH / tata eva na bandho'sya te hi dandhasya kAraNam // -samayasArakalaza, 119 3. uttarAdhyayana, 32.2 tathA 32.6; pravacanasAra 1.80-81, ta. sU. 10.1 / 4. tattvArthasUtra- 1 / 5. dukkha haya jassa na hoi moho (uttarA, 328) / 6. bhagavatI yArAdhanA-771, uttarA. 6.2; dazavaM. 7. atANameva abhinigijjha eva dukAvA pamokkhasi / (pAcArAMga ) 5. bhedavijJAnata. siddhA: siddhA ye kila kecana / asyavAbhAvato baddhA vaddhA ye kila kevana / / (samayasArakalaza-131) yetAtmAbuDhyatAtmaitra, paratvenaiva cAparam / / (samAdhiza. 1) 6. prAta paraM ca jANejjA (isibhAsiya-3512) / 10.Niya jadaya jANaNaiyara kahiyaM jiNehi chaddavvaM / tamhA parachaddavve jANagabhAvo Na hoi saNNANaM / / (bRhad nayacakra-)
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________________ samayasAra meM tasva-vivecana kI dRSTi draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavyaH" ke svara se, dArzanika dRSTikoNa sambandhI krAntikArI parivartana bhI to dUsarI tarapha prakRtipuruSAnyatAsyAti se mukti mAnane prastuta kiyA gayA hai / udAharaNa-svarUpa sabaMjJatA ke svarUpa vAle sAMkhya darzana se jaina darzana kA aikamatya dikhAI ko leN| prA0 kundakunda ke pUrva yaha mAnyatA thI ki kevala par3atA hai|" jJAna kA pratiphala sasAra ke samasta padArthoM ke kAlika hama dekhate hai ki kramazaH jaina sAhitya meM prAtmajJAna svarUpa ko jAnanA hai| prAcArya kundakunda aise pahale vyakti dravya jJAna kA paryAyavAcI-sA bana gayA," kyoMki yaha the, jinhoMne ghoSaNA kI ki kevalI kA loka-jJAna eka mAnA jAne lagA ki kisI bhI eka dravya ko jAnanA saba vyAvahArika dRSTi se kathana hai, vAstava me to vaha prAramataka sambhava nahIM, jaba taka akAlika trilokastha padArthoM tattva kA darzana hai| kA jJAna na ho|" prAcArya kundakunda ke pUrvavartI mA. niyamasAra meM unhoMne kahAumAsvAmI kRta tattvArthasUtra me mokSamArga kA jo rUpa appasarUvaM pecchadi, loyAloyaM Na kevalI bhagavaM prastuta kiyA gayA hai, vaha ukna saba kathano kA pratiphalita (niyamasAra -166)---arthAt kevalajJAna zuddha prAsmarUpa hai| isI krama meM lokasvarUpa ke sambandha meM bhA svarUpa kA draSTA hotA hai lokAloka kA nhii| unake bhArI bharakama sAhitya kI racanA bar3hatI gaI, aura yaha mata me vyavahAra naya me 'kevalajJAnI' sarvadravyaparyAyoM ko 11 mAlA bhI prAvazyaka thA, kyoki kevalI va tAtha- jAnatA dekhatA hai, para nizcaya naya se to zaddha prAtmA ko Daro kI sarvajJatA kA nirUpaNa karate hue unhe jagata ke hI dekhatA-jAnatA hai|" kAlika padArthoM kA jJAtA mAnA gyaa| isa prakAra, hama prAcArya kundakunda ke ina saba kathano kA uddezya yaha dekhate hai ki tattvajJAna ke kendra-bindu grAtmA taka pahucanA rahA ki sAdhaka loka svarUpa ke paricAyaka jaTila sAhitya kucha jaTila ho gayA thaa| alpajIvana vAle sAdhaka jIvA.. me, sAtha hI bAhya kriyAkANDoM meM ulajha kara raha na jAyara jIva va loka.svarUpa ke jJAna me hI agara ulajha jAyeM to aura prAtmamukhI pravRtti ko dRDha kare / prAtma-sAdhanA yA prAtmavijJAna ke mArga meM pragati kA manda honA svAbhAvika hai| isalie yaha usa samaya kI isI sandarbha me samayamAra ke pUrvaraga (prastAvanA rUpa) mAMga thI ki aimA sAhitya racA jAya jo sAdhaka ke samakSa meM unhoMne sAdhaka ko prAtmalakSI hone ke lie bar3e ho tattvajJAna ke kendrabindu prAtmA ko ujAgara kare anya prabhAvapUrNa va sahaja subodhagamya tarIke se preraNA dete hue tattvo ke jJAna kI apekSA prAtma-jJAna ko pramukhatA de aura kahA hai - sAtha hI aisA rAstA bhI sujhAye jimase anya dravyo kA loka me hama dekhate hai ki artha-siddhi kA srota rAjA sAmAnya jJAna prApta karate hue, zIghra va saralatA se pAtma hotA hai / yadi 'artha' kI prApti karanI ho to rAjA ke tattva kI zuddha pravasthA taka pahucA jA ske| prati zraddhA tathA usake svabhAva Adi kI jAnakArI tathA prAcArya kundakunda ke grantho me sAdhaka kI dRSTi ko usI kA anusaraNa karanA prAvazyaka hai, usI prakAra / padArtha. pUrNa prAtmalakSI banAne kA prayAsa maphala rahA hai| iname vijJAna yA mukti-mArga kA kendrabindu to prAsmA hai, usI 11. bahadA. upa. 2.46 / 12. sAMkhyakArikA-64, uttarA. 36.1-2 / 13. je prajjhatthaM jANai, se bahiyA jANai / je bahiyA jANai se ajjhattha jANa // (uddhRta-- syAdvAdamajarI, kA. 14) jo ega jANaise savvaM jANai / jo savvaM jANai se ega jaanni|| (mAcArAMga 1.3.4.122) 14. pravacanasAra-48 / 15. tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / jIvAjIvAnavabandha saMvaranirjarAmokSAstattvam (tattvArthasU. 12 tathA 1.4) 16. jANAdi passadi sabda bavahAraNaeNa kevalI bhagava / kevalaNANI jANadi passadi NiyameNa mappANaM / / (niyama. 156) 17.60 smaadhishtk-4||
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________________ 104 varSa 31, ki0 3-4 mogAta kA zraddhAna va jJAna tathA anusaraNa karanA caahie|8 pRSThabhUmi ke pariprekSya meM isakA kAraNa DhUMDhA jA sakatA hai| mAtmA kA hI dhyAna prAvazyaka hai, anya dravyoM meM mamatva- jIva ke bandhana kA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha buddhi ucita nhiiN| anAtma ko prAtmA samajha baiThatA hai, jaba use yaha jJAna yaha to huA samayasAra kA sAmAnya uddezya / eka ho jAtA hai ki zarIrAdi ajIva padArtha prAtmA se pRthaka vizeSa uddezya bhI hai jisakA nirUpaNa karanA Avazyaka hai| hai, to mukti kA mArga prazasta ho jAtA hai| kintu mokSa. samayasAra meM pracalita paramparA se pRthaka dArzanika dRSTi- mArga ke draSTA mahApuruSoM kI anubhUti ke anusAra, mukti koNa kA pratipAdana dikhAI par3atA hai| mamayasAra kI kI prakiyA me ukta sthiti ke bAda yaha bhI Avazyaka hai racanA se pUrva yaha mAnyatA thI ki ekatvabuddhi aura bheda yA ki Atma-svarUpa kA bhI jJAna ho| sAdhaka rAha to jAne anekattva-baddhi mokSa kA hetu hai, kintu samayasAra me prA0 hI ki maiM prajIva nahI haiM, balki yaha bhI jAne ki 'maiM' kundakunda ekatvabaddhi ko hI pAhya batAne dekhe jAte hai / " kyA hUM, yA prAtmA kA kyA vaiziSTya hai, kyA svarUpa hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prAcArya kundakunda prativAda kA samayasAra meM pUrva taka yAtmA kA jo vaiziSTya yA svarUpa pratipAdana karane jA rahe hai| parabrahma kI samakakSatA me gita hotA rahA, vaha makti ke pratima mobAna taka 'sata' padArtha kI kalpanA, jisame ma pUrNa vizva samAhita pahucAne kI dATa meM paryApta nahI thaa| jaise prAtmA apane hai, pravacanasAra me prApta hotI hai jo isa sadarbha meM ullekha- sukha-duHkho kA svaya katA hai, bhoktA hai", pudagala dravya ke nIya hai|" ve spaSTa zabdo meM kahate hai ki zuddha prAtmA ke maMsagaM me pAkara vaha svabhAvacyuta ho jAtA hai aura bandhana meM jJAtA va jJeya kA pArthakya nahI hai / 22 par3a jAtA hai, prAdi-Adi nirUpaNa zAstro meM milatA hai / 5 prAkhira iga dArzanika dRSTikoNa ko prastuta karane ke yadi sAdhaka yahI socatA hai ki maiM sukha dukho kA pIche kyA pRSThabhUmi rahI hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| kartA va bhoktA hU, mujhase ajIva pRthaka hai- to isase paM0 dalasUma mAlavaNiyA ke mata meM prAcArya kundakunda zuddha citta svarUpa kI prApti to nahI ho sktii| draSTA va ke samaya me advaitavAda kI bADha grA gaI thI, propaniSadika dazya, bhoktA va bhogya prAdi ke bheda samApta hae vinA brahmAdvata ke atirikta zanyavAda va vijJAnAdvaitavAda jaise mokSa prApta nahI ho sktaa| mai aura merA kA bheda jaba vAda bhI dArzaniko me pratiSThita ho cake the| tAkika va taka rahegA taba taka makti ke dvAra taka hI pahaca kara ruka zraddhAlu - dono ke Upara aDhanavAda kA prabhAva sahanahI jAnA par3egA, kyoki mai aura merA kI sthiti prAtmA ke jama jAtA thaa| yaha sAmayika prabhAva prAcArya kunda- svarUpa ko gvaDita karatI hai| [yahI kAraNa hai ki yoga kunda para bhI pddaa| darzana meM samprajJAta samAdhi ke bAda asamprajJAta samAdhi merI samajha me yahI kAraNa paryApta nahI hai / dArzanika kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai|] 18. samayasAra -18 / 16. mokkhapahe pramANa Thavehi ta ceva jhAhi ta ceva / (samaya0 412) 20. eyattaNicchayagadA samagro samvattha sudaro loe| baMdhakahA eyatte teNa sivAdiNI hodi / (samaya03) sudaparicidAbhavA samvassa vi kmmbhogbNdhkhaa| eyattasyuvalaMbho Navari Na sulaho vihattassa // ta eyatta vihattaM dAehaM appaNo savihaveNa / jadi dAejja pamANaM cakkeja chalaM Na ghettavvaM / (samaya 4-5) 21. pravacanasAra-2.5-6, sattA samvapayatthA-ekkA / (paMcAstikAya-8) 22. evaM bhaNaMti suddhaM NAdo jo so du so ceva / (samaya06) 23. dra. mAgama yuga kA jaina darzana / (paM. mAlavaNiyA pR. 232) / 24. appA kattA vikattA ya dukkhANa ya suhANa ya / (uttarA0 20.37) 25. ta. sU. 8.2, uttarA. 36 /
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________________ samayasAra meM tasva-vivecana kI vRSTi 105 makti me prakhaMDa, ekarasa, avicala, citsvarUpa kI ina donoM me bhI dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke lie 'naya' ho| anubhati prAvazyaka hai-isa tathya kA nirUpaNa karane kA pradhAna sAdhana thaa| nayo ke bhI do prakAra kiye gaye theprayAsa samayasAra meM kiyA gayA hai| mokSa kI sAdhanA me (1) dravyAstika aura (2) paryAyAstika / kintu ina donoM caudaha 'guNasthAno' kI kalpanA hai jisameM sAdhaka mithyAtva, nayoM se prAramA kI nityatA va anityatA. sakatA hai. pravirati, pramAda, kaSAya va yoga--ina baMdhahetunoM ko kramazaH katA to hRdayagama kI sakatI thI, para zuddha prAtmavikAsa jItatA hA prAga baDhatA jAtA hai| isI taraha sAdhanA ke kI vibhinna zreNiyoM kA tathA vizeSakara carama sopAna ko patha meM prAtmA ke tIna rUpoM kI bhI kalpanA kI gaI hai| ve samajhane me paryApta sahAyatA nahI milatI thii| haiM- (1) bahirAtmA, (2) aMtarAtmA aura (3) para- prAcArya kundakunda ke samaya dArzanika kSetra meM vastu kA maatmaa| kintu prazna yaha thA ki pAkhira isa sthiti ko nirUpaNa do dRSTiyo se hone lagA thA-eka pAramAyika prApta kaise kiyA jAya / bahirAtmA deha ko prAtmA samajhatA dRSTi aura dUsarI vyAvahArika dRSTi / prAcArya kundakunda hai. anAtma ko prAtmA mamamatA hai,8 rAgadveSayukta rahatA ne apane prAtmatattva ke nirUpaNa ke lie do dRSTiyAM cunI hai.29 antagatmA saMsAra se, viSayoM se virakta rahatA hai, -(1) nizcaya dRSTi va (2) vyAvahArika dRSTi / rAgagrepa-rahita rahatA hai, paramAtmatva prApti ke lie prAcArya kundakunda ke paravartI kAla me to tAttvika viveprayatnazIla rahatA hai, vaha isa bhAvanA ko dRr3ha karatA hai ki cano me dravyAstika va paryAyAstika nayoM kA prAzraya bhale paramAtmA maiM hI hU~, maiM hI merA upAsya " praadi| para- hI liyA jAtA rahA, para prAdhyAtmika vikAsa paraka graMthoM mAsva kI prApti mAtmA ke andara se hI hotI hai, me nizcaya va vyavahAra ina do nayoM kA hI pAzraya liyA bAhya se nahIM, usI prakAra jaise ki (vRkSa) kASTha ko jAtA rahA hai|" gahane se usame se prAga nikala par3atI hai| kintu yahA ina do dRSTiyoM ko vyAvahArika va sahajagamya tarIke yaha samasyA thI ki antarAtmA se paramAtmA kI sthiti se prastuta karate hue zuddha prAtma-svarUpa kI jhalaka dikhAne kase prApta ho| vyAvahArika dharAtala para jIne vAle meM prAcArya kundakunda ne saphalatA prApta kii| nizcaya va sAdhaka ko usa akhaDa paramAtma-tattva kI jhalaka kaise vyavahAra dRSTiyoM kA moTe taura para prAdhAra yaha hai ki divAI jAya jo sahaja bodhagamya va tArkika bhI ho| jyoM jyo hama apanI pravRtti ko adhikAdhika antamakhI kisI vastu ko prApta karane kA pramukha upAya yaha hai ki karate rahege yA parasya se haTate-haTate svatva kI pora sImita usa vastu ko jAnA jAya / paramAtmA kA yA zuddha prAtmA hote rahege, hama parama tatva yA paramAtmatva ke nikaTa pahacate kA svarUpa jAnane para hI usakI prApti sambhava hogI- jAeMge / yaha prAcArya kundakunda kA mata thaa| samavasAra se pUrva dArzanika paribhASA me, vyavahAra naya 'para' meM bhI 'sva' taka kisI vastu ko jAnane kA upAya pramANa va naya thaa|" kA bhAropaNa kara letA hai," prazuddha nizcaya naya 'para' meM 33. sudaM tu vidhANato suddhaM cevappayaM lahadi jiivo| (samaya0 186) 34. ta0 sU0 16 / 26. jopassadi appANa prabaddhapuTTha aNaNNaya NiyadaM / avisesamajuta taM suddhaNayaM viyANIhi / (samaya. 14) 27. samAdhizataka--60, 5-6 / 28. samAdhizataka-10 / 26. samAdhi0 14 30. samAdhi0 16-20 / 31. samAdhi0 31 / 32. smaadhi068| 35. draSTavya --'adhunA adhyAtmabhASayA nayA ucyante' ke vAda nizcayanayAdi kA nirUpaNa-mAlApapani / tathA purussaarthsiddhyupaay-4| 36. samayasAra TIkA, prAramakhyAti, gAyA 272 /
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________________ 106, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta paratva buddhi to rakhatA hai, kintu 'sva' meM anya nimitta se rAtmA hai, azuddha nizcaya naya sthita prAtmA aMtarAtmA hai| hone vAle pariNAmoM meM svatva baddhi rakhatA hai, paratva buddhi aMtarAtmA ko paramAtmA banane hetu darzana, jJAna va cAritra nahIM rkhtaa| zuddha nizcaya naya 'sva' meM hone vAle umhI ina bhedoM ko bhI bhulAnA par3atA hai aura aMta meM dRSTA. pariNAmoM ko apanA samajhatA hai jo 'para' ke nimitta se na dRSya kA bheda bhii| isa prakAra, svatva kA kendrabinda hae hoN|" isI prakAra, zarIra ko prAtmA kahanA vyavahAra simaTatA humA zuddha cit rUpa raha jAtA hai| naya hai, gAtmA meM karma pudgala nimitta se hone vAle rAgAdi isI taraha prAcArya kundakunda ne yaha dRSTi bhI dI ki bhAvoM ko prAtmA kA kahanA azuddha nizcaya naya hai, aura koI para-vastu kisI me pariNamana nahI karA sakatI, pratyeka bhImA ko prakhaMDa. zaddha, caitanya rUpa samajhanA parama zuddha vasta svapariNamana meM svatantra hai|" prata: mAsmA sphaTikavata nizcaya naya hai| nilepa va zuddha hai|" isalie prAtmA ke bandha va mokSa bhI isI prakAra, mAramA pUNya-pApAdi karmoM kA kartA bhASacArika hai, vAstavika nahI / isa bhAvanA ke dona vyavahAra naya se kahA jAegA." nizcaya naya se to prakartA se prAtmA meM paramAtma svarUpa prAvita hotaa| hI hai / prAtmA svarAgAdi bhAvo kA kartA prazuddha nizcaya punaH svarUpacyuta nahI hotaa| naya se hai, zuddha nizcaya naya se nhii|" caitanya bhAva kA samayasAra kI jina gAthAnoM ko samajhanA yA usakA kartA zuddha nizcayanaya se kahA jaaygaa|" nizcayanaya se sahI artha nizcita karanA taba taka aura kaThina ho jAtA dekheM to prAtmA ke bandha va mokSa, puNya va pApa Adi hai jaba taka hama yaha na samajha leM ki kauna-sI gApA kisa prasaMgata Thahara jAte hai|" vyavahAranaya sthita prAtmA 'para naya ko dRSTi me rakha kara kahI gaI hai; anyathA nizcaya samaya' hai / nizcayanayasthita prAtmA 'svasamaya' hai| vyava- naya me bAhya kriyAkANDo kA tathA dhArmika mAcaraNo kI naya nicalI koTi me sthita vyakti ke jie hai, sAdhanA nirarthakatA siddha karane vAle nizcaya naya paraka vAkyoM kA kI ucca sthiti me to sAdhaka ko nizcaya naya kA prava- durupayoga hone lagegA pora phalasvarUpa tIrtha-viccheda hI ho lambana kara hI mukti prApta hotI hai|" nizcaya naya jaaegaa| isa taraha ke aura bhI aneka prasaMga haiM jo grantha. sthita prAtmA ke lie bAhya kriyAkANDa sabhI vyartha ho kartA kI dRSTi na samajhane ke kAraNa mrAnti utpanna kara jAte hai| sakate hai| ukta naya yA dRSTikoNoM se prAcArya kundakunda ne adhyakSa jaina darzana vibhAga, prAtmA ke kramika utthAna ko sthiti ko spaSTa kiyA hai / lAla bahAdura zAstrI kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, ina nayo ke dvArA prAtmA kA prakartRtva va abhoktRtva, zuddha (zikSA maMtrAlaya, bhArata sarakAra) cit svarUpa tathA prakhaNDa bhAva kI bhAvanA sAdhaka ke mana 1/6, zAnti niketana, motI bAga, meM dRDha ho jAtI hai| vyavahAranaya me sthita prAtmA bahi naI dillI-110021 37. yadyapyazuddhanizcayanayena cetanAni, tathApi zuddhanizcaya- 36. samaya0 75, 63 / nayena nitya sarvakAlamacetanAni / azuddhanizcayastu 40 samaya0 166 / vastuto yadyapi dravya karmApekSayA prAbhyantararAgAdayazce- 41. samaya0 12, purussaarthsiddhyupaay-6| tanA iti matvA nizcaya sajJAM labhate, tathApi zuddha- 42. samaya0 12 / nizcayanayApekSayA vyavahAra eva (dravyasaMgraha TIkA- 43. sakAdhizataka-84 / jayasenakRta, gaathaa-3)| 44. dra0 samaya0 372 / 38. samaya0 101 / 45. samaya0 278.276 /
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________________ aparigraha yA zrama-niSThA 0 zrI namanAlAla jaina tIrthakara mahAvIra ne 'aparigraha' ko dharma kahA hai aura lagA hogaa| unakA parAkrama adbhuta thaa| unake jaisA ve svaya bhI masaga the-itane ki sthUla dRSTi se bhI nirgrantha puruSa susta, kAhila yA nirAzA se grasta nahIM ho unakA tana zUnya bana gayA thaa| tana ko Dhone ko vivazatA sktaa| jisa bAta kA bIr3A unhoMne uThAyA, usake lie thI, manyayA bhAvakSetra me to tana bhI bhAra hI thA, parAyA aise hI parAkrama ko prAvazyakatA thI ki vyakti kA khaanaathaa| maparigrahI ko samAja meM eka pratiSThA bhI hai| pInA, sonA-jAganA, pahananA-pror3hanA vahI bana jAya / 'parigraha' 'aparigraha' ke caraNo me zaraNa pAne ko tarasa aparigraha kI bAta karate samaya dhyAna barabasa se uThatA hai| aparigraha kI aisI pratiSThA ko nihArakara para bhaTakatA hai| paMse meM aisI kyA bAta hai ki usako kabhI-kabhI IyA bhI hone lagatI hai| aneka bAra yaha chor3akara mAja koI vicAra hI nahIM ttiktaa| paMmA kendra pratiSThA hI mImA lAghakara parigraha bana jAtI hai| meM ho to bAkI saba ThIka hai, anyathA saba bekaar| janma bhagavAna mahAvIra aparigraha ko antima chora taka se lekara matyU ke bAda kI kriyA taka paisA pradhAna ho baiThA khIca le gaye / nirvastra hokara unhone lajjA kI gAMTha bhI hai| artha ko vyartha siddha karane kI zakti kisama hai, nahI toDa dI-nirgrantha bana gye| tana para to gAMTha rakhI hI kahA jA sktaa| mahAvIra svaya asaga the, nigraMtha the, nahI, mana aura vANI meM bhI koI gAMTha nahI thii| bhItara nirvastra the aura samAja mAdhyAtmika samatA kA mUlya aura bAhara, dono pora se ve kore yA khAlisa ho rhe| pratiSThita karane ke lie kaTibaddha the, phira bhI kyA ve aisI sAdhanA nitAnta kaThina hai aura jisake jIvana meM yaha samAja meM se parigraha ko miTA sake ? unakI dezanA ke sahaja bana jAtI hai use namana hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / ve rUpa meM upalabdha granthoM meM saMkar3I kahAniyA evaM prAkhyAna kahI bhI Tika jAte aura prANI mAtra kA kalyANa cAhate the| se mila sakate hai, jiname dhana kI pracuratA kA darzana kar3ave mIThe bola bhI unake antasa ko bedha nahIM pAte the| hotA hai| dhana ke tyAga kA varNana to hai, para usI se yaha jo paristhiti unake sAmane prAtI, usakI gaharAI meM bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki dhana kA mahatva bhI kama nahIM hai| paThate aura kucha aisA samAdhAna khoja nikAlate ki samasyA ghana-sampatti ke tyAga kA ahasAsa agara banA rahatA hai yA meM ulajhA vyakti kANa kI rAha pA jaataa| usameM unakA pAThaka ke mana para kathA yaha chApa par3atI hai ki amuka ne prAgraha raMca mAtra na hotaa| vaibhava kA tyAga kiyA hai, to yaha cIja vaibhava kI pracuratA bhAgama-granthoM yA purANa-granthoM se patA nahI calatA kA prAkarSaNa hI nirmANa karatI hai| ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne zarIra-zrama ke nAma para koI kAma nAma para koI kAma hamAre RSi muni kaha sakate hai ki paMsA zaitAna hai. kiyA thaa| zarIra zrama kI jo paribhASA prAja pracalita vaha AdamI ko girAtA hai aura umase viveka naSTa ho hai, usa artha meM to nahIM hI kiyA thaa| ve rAjaputra the jAtA hai| yaha bAta paise kA mahattva mAnakara hI kahI jA aura unake sAmane mUlabhUta samasyA zarIra-zrama ko nahIM sakatI hai| kyA sacamuca paise meM itanI tAkata hai ki manuSya thii| ve prAdhyAtmika dRSTi se samAja me samatA sthApita para usakA kAba rahe ? paise kI kImata hai aura vaha bhI karanA cAhate the| adhyAtma-dRSTi ke paripuSTa hue binA rAjya athavA hamAre dvArA prAMkI gaI hai| aba yaha vyakti sAmAjika viSamatA kA unmUlana karanA unhe asambhava para nirbhara hai ki vaha paise ko sira para car3hAnA hai yA pr|
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________________ 108 ki. 3.4, varSa 31 anekAgva ke tale dabAtA hai yA ki jeba meM rakhatA hai| nadI aura vAle logo kA puNya aura paraloka usI pApa para surakSita kueM meM prAdamI dUba kara mara jAtA hai| kyA yaha pAnI kI hotA hai| yaha kaisI viDambanA hai ki tana ko tor3akara, zaitAniyata hai ? pAnI na zaMtAna hai, na bhagavAn / pAnI rAta-dina mehanata karake jo loga sAdhu-sanyAsiyoM kA bharaNakisI ko mAra nahIM DAlatA, mAra nahIM sktaa| prAdamI poSaNa karate hai, apanA paraloka sudhArate hai, ve to hue pApI apanI hI kamajorI, asamarthatA yA prajJAna se DUbatA-maratA aura baiThe baiThe binA zrama ke peTa bharane vAle hue dharmAtmA ! hai| samajha bUjhakara pAnI se kAma liyA jAya to saba ThIka kyA bhagavAna mahAvIra aisA dhokhe meM DAlane vA hai| vaha 'jIvana' hI hai| pAnI na ho to prANa taka jA vaMcaka, dIna banAne vAlA 'aparigraha' pratipThita karanA sakate hai| yahI bAta paise kI hai| paisA sirpha paMsA hai| use cAhate the? yaha ThIka hai ki mahAvIra ne pratyakSa rUpa se hama sirpha paisA hI samajhe aura samajha-bUjhakara usakA upa- zrama kI pratiSThA kA udghoSa nahI kiyA, na utpAdaka zrama yoga kareM, to vaha bar3e kAma kA bhI hai| para jora diyaa| siddhAntavAdI loga yaha bhI kaha sakate hai hamArI mazkila yaha hai ki paise ko yA to hama zaMtAna ki karma karanA mAtra pApapUrNa hai, mAvadya prAcAra hai, dhArabha samajhate hai yA phira bhagavAn samajhate hai| dono sthitiyo me yA ki kriyAmAtra meM himA hai aura nirgrantha mahAvIra me paise kA mahattva prAtyantika bar3ha jAtA hai| prAdamI ana- sAyadya kriyA kA samarthana nahIM kara sakate the| phira bhI zAna se bhI mara sakatA hai aura adhika khAne sa bhA maratA mahAvIra jaimA mahApuruSa thama kI mahattA se prAkha nahI mada hai| bAhya padArtha me mAtmA se adhika zakti kadApi nahA sakatA thaa| zramaNa zabda meM hI zrama aura saMyama kI ho sakatI, kintu zArIrikatA ke stara se yA ki mAnasika pratiSThA hai| stara se adhika manuSya kI gati nahIM hai, isIlie manuSya prabhAva me se aparigraha nahI nipjtaa| jisame sagraha apane bacAva me bAhya yA sthUla padArthoM para mArA dopa kI zakti na ho, vaha tyAga nahI kara sktaa| jitanA mar3ha detA hai| parAkrama sa graha ke lie Avazyaka hai , usase kama jora samAja lakSmI kI pUjA karatA hai| 'lakSmI' zabda ke tyAga meM nahIM lgtaa| jisake pAsa hai hI nahI yA jo prartha kI khIca-tAna karanA vyartha hai| asala meM vaha dhana kI prApta nahI kara sakatA, vaha to apanI prAkAkSAmo me hI pjaate| lakSmI ko 'bhakti' kahanA vaisA hI hai jaise aTaka jAtA hai / isalie nirdhanatA aparigraha nahI hai / jo sAhitya kI sarasatA ke lie makti ko 'ramA' khnaa| hai aura kAbU meM hai. usI ko vyartha banA chor3anA aparigraha eka prora to hama mokSa ko ramA-vihIna hI mAnate hai aura ho sakatA hai / jo aparigraha kI ora baDhatA hai, vaha dhama dusarI pora svaya makti bhI hamAre nikaTa 'ramA' kI upamA se bacAva nahI cAhegA, balki dugunA ti gUnA bhI zrama meM prastuta ho jAtI hai| lakSmI kA sIdhA sAdA praura kregaa| aparigraha agIkAra karane vAle kI sAmAjika vyAvahArika artha 'artha' hI hai aura samAja aisA karake cetanA tIvra ho uThatI hai aura usameM eka aisI vyApaka vyathA galatI kahAM karatA hai? artha-prApti ke lie jo parizrama, hotI hai ki vaha sabake prati sahaja upalabdha rahatA hai| prayAsa, parAkrama karanA par3atA hai, usakA koI hisAba hai ? mahAvIra ne apane ko samAja meM vyApta kara diyA samAja ko parigraha ke lie doSa denA apane ko dhokhe meM thaa| unakA vyaktitva samAja ko arpita ho gayA thaa| DAlanA hai| pUrA kA pUrA samAja kabhI bhI aparigrahI vyakti-svAtantrya ke samarthaka kaha sakate hai ki mahAvIra ne nahI bana sakegA, balki jo loga parigraha kI sImA-maryAdA samAja kI paravAha na karake, paramparAmo kI paravAha na bAMdha lete hai, vaha bhI doSapUrNa ho to pAzcarya nhii| karate hue vyakti ke svatantra vikAsa kA mArga khonA thA kyA yaha bAta chipI hai ki hajAroM sAdhu-sanyAsiyo yahA~ taka ki vibhusattA se bhI inakAra kiyA thaa| vyakti aura maniyo ke pradhyAtma kA sicana bhI bhautika paise se hI kA kama hI saba kucha hai / hameM yahAM dArzanika yA saiddhAtika hotA rahatA hai ? dhana ko pApa kA ghara kahane aura samajhane jhamele meM nahIM par3anA hai| itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA
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________________ aparigraha bAbama-niSThA 10 // ki mahAvIra jaisA tapasvI aura manasvI vyaktitva parA- se pratiSThA pAtA hai aura tyAgIjana usa saMgraha para sukha kI koTi kA vinamra aura zramI hI ho sakatA hai| aisA nIda sokara mokSa ke sapane dekhate hai / vyakti samAja para hAvI nahI ho sktaa| sAdhanA unakI parigraha kI pratiSThA tor3ane ke lie samAja me paura nitAnta vaiyaktika rahI, kintu thI vaha samAja-kalyANa ke vyakti me zrama ke prati niSThA udbhUta honI caahie| lie / sAmUhika aura sAmUhika sAdhanA kI bhUmikA taiyAra sagraha ke prati lagAva usI meM hotA hai, jo zrama se bhAgatA kiye binA akele vyakti kI svatantratA yA sAdhanA kA hai| saccA zramika vaha hai jo apane hAtha-pairoM para sabame kyA mUlya ? pAMco vrato kA pariNAma samAja meM, samAna adhika bharosA karatA hai aura kala ke lie saMgraha karane ke lie maura samAja kI ora se hI vyakti ke jIvana ma kI vRtti sa dUra rahatA hai| 'kala' kyA hogA, isa cintA pratibiMbita ho sakatA hai| tabhI ina vrato meM guNAtmaka me parigraha ke bIja hai aura zrama ke prati tiraskAra hai| tejasvitA pA sakatI hai| bArIkI se dekhA jAya to hara vyakti isa niSkarSa para pahuMca sakatA hai ki aba taka hamAre dharma-siddhAnto kA rukha saMgraha aura tyAga do cIjeM nahI hai| yadi vyakti / bhI saMgraha ko pratiSThA dene kA rahA hai| zramika prarthAt apane ko samAja kA aga mAnatA hai, to usakA saMgraha pArthika dRSTi se vipanna vyakti ko nirdhana mAnA gayA, samAja kA hai aura usakA tyAga bhI aisA bIja-vapana hai aura isa sthiti ke lie usake pUrva karmo ko jimmevAra jisase hajAra-hajAra gunA phasala nikala sakatI hai| prema mAnA gyaa| kisI bhI dharmAcArya yA mahApuruSa ne yaha nahI aura karuNA kI bhUmikA me se hI sAmAjikatA vikasita kahA ki garIbI saMgraha pora zoSaNa kA pariNAma hai| isa hotI hai / paba taka hamAre yahA~ sagraha bhI vyaktigata rahA dhaga para bArla mArksa hI pahalA vyakti huA jisane vaijJAaura tyAga bhI vyaktigata rahA.-----adhyAtma bhI vyaktigata nika DhaMga se pratipAdita kiyA ki manuSya kI prabhAvapaura bhautika upalabdhi bhI vyaktigata / eka prAdamI dhara. grastatA yA garIbI usake bhAgya kA phala nahIM hai| bAra, jamIna-jAyadAda tyAmakara sAdhu bana jAtA hai aura usa sArI sampatti kA upabhoga pIche ke uttarAdhikArI yadi karmazIlatA hiMsA hai, prArambha mAtra hiMsA hai, karate hai| sAdhu apane vairAgya me yA tyAga ke prAnanda me yAnI zrama karanA hI hiMsA hai to phira ahiMsA ko niviya kisI ko bhAgIdAra nahI banAtA aura saMgraha kA upayoga honA hI thaa| ahiMsA ko karma-zUnyatAparaka vyAkhyAna ne karane vAle bhI apanI cIjoM ko apane taka sImita mAna ahiMsA ko nisteja banA diyA hai . vaha mAtra abhinaya kI kara calate haiN| yaha eka hI bhamikA hai aura kahanA cAhie cIja 21 gaI hai| majA kA viSaya raha gaI hai| ki sAmatI DhaMga se hI dono sthitiyoM kA vikAsa huprA hai, yaha paga bAta hai ki prAja ke zramika me bhI zrama ke kintu bhAja vizva kI paristhitiyAM bhinna hai| prati niSThA nahI hai aura vaha kevala rojI-roTI ke lie parigraha ko pApa yA adharma kaha dene se aba kAma nahI zrama karatA hai / patthara tor3ane vAlA zramika yA to patthara calane vAlA hai| isa tijorI kA paisA usa tijorI meM hI tor3atA hai yA bAla-bacco ke lie roTI kamAtA hai| rakha dene se aparigraha nahIM udita hotA hai| yaha prArambha. isase pAge bar3hakara vaha patthara tor3ane ko bhagavAna kA vihInatA yA ahimA nahIM hai ki anya loga dugune sakriya mandira banAnA nahIM maantaa| jisa dina zramiko meM, rahakara mahAvratI nAmI kisI viziSTa vyakti kI zilpakAra me yaha, dRSTi prA jAyegI ki usakA zrama hI niSkriyatA kA saMvardhana karate rheN| mana para se aura tana saundarya kA sAgara hai, usakA zrama ho samAjarUpI bhagavAn para se sAmantI adhyAtma kI cAdara utAre binA anAsakti kA mandira hai, to usakA rojI-roTI kA lagAva TUTa pUrvaka tyakta parigraha ko aparigraha meM rUpAntarita nahI jAyegA, patthara patthara na rahakara bhagavAn kA biba bana kiyA jA sktaa| Aja sthiti yaha hai ki saMgraho sagraha jaayegaa| lekina aisI sthiti paMdA na karane kA dAyitva
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________________ 110, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta una para hI hai, jinhoMne aba taka zrama ko kharIdane meM pravINatA kA kitanA lAbha samAja ko de pAte haiM ? pratyeka pratiSThA aura dharma mAnA hai| prANI kA vikAsa dUsarI hajAroM paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa mahAvIra ke nAma para pratiSThita dharmagraMthoM meM prathavA hotA hai| una hajAroM paristhitiyoM ke ananta upakAra jina-zAsana me aparigraha kA jo varNana milatA hai, vaha eka-eka vyakti para hote hai| vyakti kahIM bhI rahe-cAhe tatkAlIna samAja-vyavasthA kI pariNati hai| usI ko lokAMta me hI sthita ho jAye --taba bhI lekara yadi hama cAdara banate rahege. to prAne vAlA yug| usakA uttaradAyitva kama nahI hotaa| vahAM taka pahuMcAne meM isa lIka para calane vAle aparigrahI virAgiyoM ko kSamA bhI samAja hI sahAyaka hotA hai| nahI kregaa| prataH prAja prAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki hamAre parigraha yAnI padArtha kI vipultaa| yaha sRSTi me rahane parigraha yA aparigraha kI mAnyatApro para naye sire se vaijJAhI vAlA hai| savAla yaha hai ki hama apanI kuzalatA aura nika pariprekSya me punarvicAra ho| 000 (pRSTha 101 kA zeSAMza) kavi dhanajaya hue the aura svayabhu (kavi) ne bhUvana ko kitane vidvAnoM kA, jinakA nAma Upara liyA jA cukA hai rajAyamAna kiyA thaa|" isa ullekha se pratIta hotA hai athavA nahI bhI liyA gayA, vATanagara ke isa saMsthAna se ki nayanadi ne svaya isa sAhityika tIrtha kI yAtrA kI thI pratyakSa yA parokSa saMbaMdha rahA, kahA nahI jA sktaa| bhora usakI stuti meM uparokta vAkya likhe the| hamArI vaha apanI upalabdhiyoM evaM sakSamatAoM ke kAraNa vidvAno isa ghAraNA kI puSTi bhI isa kathana se ho jAtI hai ki kA AkarSaNa kendra bhI rahA hogA aura preraNA srota bhii| mahAkavi svayabhu, jo vIrasena ke samakAlIna to the hI rASTrakUTa yuga ke isa sarvamahAna jJAnakendra evaM vidyApITha aura unhI kI bhAti rASTrakUTa samrAT dhruva dhArAvarSa se kI smRti bhI pAja lupta ho gaI hai, kintu isameM sandeha sammAna prApta the, svayaM vIrasena ke gRhastha ziSya evaM nahI hai ki apane samaya meM yaha apane samakAlIna nAlandA sAhityika kArya ke sahayogI rahe the| yaha dhanaJjaya bhI, aura vikramazIla ke suprasiddha bauddha vidyApAThoM ko samartha saMbhaba hai ji-kA aparanAma puMDarIka ho, bhojakAlIna cunautI detA hogA / bhArata ke prAcIna vizvavidyAlayoM me dhanaJjaya (zrutakIti) ke pUrvavartI hai aura vIrasena ke takSazilA, vikramazIla pora nAlandA kI hI bhauti yaha jyeSTha samakAlIna rahe ho sakate hai, kyoki unakI nAmamAlA vATagrAma vizvavidyAlaya bhI parigaNanIya hai| Don ke uddharaNa vIrasena ne diye hai| anya bhI aneka na jAne jyoti nikuMja, cArabAga, lakhanaU jaina mata nAstika nahIM hai| nAptika vaha hotA hai jo puNya-pApa, svarga-naraka tathA karmaphala ko nahIM maantaa| / Izvara sRSTikartA hai aisA jaina nahIM maante| unake vicAra se yaha saSTi ananta hai, anAdi hai| yaha kisI kI banAI huI nahIM hai / ataH ise koI bigAr3a nahIM sakatA hai| jaina paramparAgata ko manAvikAla se anavarata aura gatizIla mAnatI hai| jagata kA apakarSa-utkarSamaya kAlacakra satata kama se calatA pA rahA hai| isakA na mAti hai, na anta hai|
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________________ paMcopacArI pUjA paM0 milApacanda ratanalAla kaTAriyA, kekar3I vikrama saM0 110 meM hone vAle zrI malliSeNa sUri ne jAtA thaa| hama dekhate haiM ki somadeva ne yazastilaka me "rakhapaNAvatI kalpa" ke tIsare pariccheda meM aisA kathana pora pAnandi ne papanandipaMcavizati meM mahaMtAdi ko kiyA hai pUjA meM sirpha aSTadravyo se pUjA to likhI hai kintu aAhvAna mAhAnaM sthApanaM devyAH, sannidhIkaraNa tathA / sthApanA, sannidhikaraNa, visarjana nahI likhA hai / yaha cIja pUjAM visarjana prAhubaMdhAH, pacopacArakam // 25 / / hamako prathama prAzAghara ke pratiSThApATha pora abhiSeka pATha poma hI namo'stu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! ehi ehi me milatI hai| pAzAghara ne itanA vicAra jarUra rakyA hai savauSaT / ki ahaMtAdi kI pUjA meM prAhvAna, sthApana, sannidhikaraNa kuryAdamunA matraNAhvAnamanuSmaran devIm // 26 // to likhA hai kintu visarjana nahI likhA hai| hA~ zAsana tiSThadvitaya ThAnadvaya ca sayojayet sthitIkaraNa / devo kI pUjA meM unhone visarjana likha diyA hai| jaisA sannihitA bhava zabda mama vaSaDiti mannidhIkaraNe // 27 // ki nityama hodyota ke isa padya se prakaTa haigandhAdIna graha aNheti nama: pUjAvidhAnake / prAgAhatA devatA yajJabhAgaH prItA bhartaH pAdayorarSadAnaH / svasthAnaM gaccha gacchani jastri' syAt tadvisarjane // 27 // krItAM zeSA mastakarudvahantyaH pratyAgatu yaantvshess| yathA___ "prom hrI namo'gtu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! ehi svam // 16 // ehi maMvauSaT" iti mAhvAnam / isame visajita devo ke lie "grahaMta kI zeSAko para ___ "moma hI namo'stu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! tiSTha dhAraNa karate hue" jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisase yahA tiSTha Tha:Tha." iti sthApanam / "moma hI namo'stu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! mama zAsanadevoM kA hI visarjana jJAta hotA hai, na ki pacapara. meSThI kaa| eka bAta mAzAdhara ke pUjA-grantho meM yaha bhI sannihitA bhava bhava vaSaT" iti sannidhIkaraNam / dekhane me pAtI hai ki ve zAsana devoM kI pUjA meM to prarcanA "mom hrIM namo'stu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! gaMghAdIna dravyoM ke arpaNa me "jalAdyarcana gahANa gahANa" yA ' idamaya gRha gRhNa namaH" iti pUjAvidhAnam / pAdyaM jalAdhaM yajabhAgaM ca yajAmahe pratigRhyatA pratigRhya"mom hrIM namo'stu bhagavati ! padmAvati ! svasthAn taam|"is prakAra ke vAkya kA prayoga karate hai| aise prayoga gaccha gaccha ja:jaHjaH" iti visarjanam / unhoMne prastAdi kI pUjAmo me nahIM kiye haiN| vahA~ to evaM pNcopcaarkrmH| ve yoM likhate haidevI kA pAhAna, sannidhikaraNa, pUjana aura visarjana jo kiye jAte hai unheM paMcopacAra kahate hai| isI kA dUsarA "prom hI ahaM zrI paramabrahmaNe idaM jalagandhAdi nirvapA. nAma pacopacArI pUjA hai| inakA maMtra pUrvaka jo vidhikrama mIti svAhA / " hai vaha Upara likha diyA hai| phira bhI itanA to kahanA hI par3atA hai ki mahatAdi aisA pratibhAsita hotA hai ki pahile paMcopacArI pUjA kI pUjA vidhi me mAhvAna, sthApana, sannidhikaraNa kI maMtra siddha karane ke lie devatArApana meM kI jAtI thii| paripATI calAne meM zAyada ye hI mukhiyA hoN| apane banAye mahaMtAdi ko pUjA meM paMcopacAra kA upayoga nahIM kiyA pratiSThA grantha kI prazasti meM khuda paM. pAzApara likhate haiM
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________________ 122, varSa 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta ki "maiMne ise yugAnurUpa racA hai|" yugAnurUpa kA artha pUjA- nityaniyama pUjA me pAMcoM hI upacAra pAye jAte haiM vidhi meM isa taraha kI nayI rItiyAM calAnA hI jAna kintu nityaniyama pUjA kisI eka kI kRti nahIM hai| vaha par3atA hai| saMgraha grantha hai maura usa meM kitane hI pATha arvAcIna hai| prAzAdhara ke bAda indranaMdi hae, jinhoMne isa viSaya udAharaNa taura para "jayarisaha risIvara NamiyapAya" yaha meM aura bhI mAge bar3hakara mahatAdikoM kI pUjA vidhi meM ve devakI jayamAlA kA pATha kavi puSpadanta kRta apabhraza hI paMcopacAra prahaNa kara lie jo malliSeNa ne maMtrArAdhana yazodhara caritra kA hai| usame zurU me hI yaha maMgalAcaraNa meM likhe hai| inhone zAsanadevo kI hI taraha pratAdikoM ke taura para likhA huA haikA visarjana bhI likha diyA hai| yahI nahI mahaMtAdi kA "vRSamojita nAmA ca sNbhvaashcaabhinndnH|" pUjA meM dravya arpaNa karate hae "idaM puSpAMjali prArcanaM pATha ayyapArya kRta abhiSeka pATha kA hai jo abhiSeka gRhaNIdhvaM gahIva" taka likha diyA hai| (dekho abhiSeka pATha saMgraha ke pRSTha 316 para chapA hai| ye ayyapArya vikrama pATha saMgraha, pRSTha 344) / inhI ko AdhAra mAnakara ekasadhi saM0 1376 me hue hai| ne bhI prarhatAdiko ko pUjA pacopacAra se karanA batAte jJAnato'jJAnato vApi zAstroktaM na kRtaM mayA / / hae likhA hai ki- "maiMne yaha varNana idranandi ke anusAra visarjana kA yaha pahilA padya AzAdhara pratiSThApATha se kiyA hai" yathA liyA hai jo usake patra 123 para pAyA jAtA hai| evaM paMcopacAropapanna devArcanAkramam / 'aAhvAna nava jAnAmi' aura 'mantrahInaM kriyAhInaM' yaH sadA vidadhAtyeva ma: syAnmuktizriyaH patiH / / Adi visarjana ke do padya sUrata se prakAzita bhairava padmAvatI itIndranaMdimunIndrajinadevArcanAkrama / kalpa ke sAtha madrita hue padmAvatI stotra meM kucha pAThabheda - pariccheda havA "ekasaMdhijinasaMhitA" / ke sAtha pAye jAte hai, vahI se isameM lie gaye hai| ve padya ye hI zloka kucha pATha meda ke sAtha 'pUjAsAra' grantha isa prakAra haime pAye jAte hai / yathA - prAhvAnanaM na jAnAmi na jAnAmi visarjanam / "ya: sadA vidadhAtyenA saH syAnamaktizriyaH patiH / pUjAmI na jAnAmi kSamasva paramezvari / / itIdranaMdiyogIndra praNInaM devapUjanam / / " prAjJAhIna kriyAhIna mantrahIna ca yatkRtam / ekasandhi kA paMcopacArI pUjA ke lie indranaMdi kA tatsarva kSamyatA devi prasIda paramezvari / / pramANa peza karanA mApha batalAtA hai ki unake samaya meM alAvA isake pacopacAra meM prayukta hue "saMvauSaT" isa vidhi kA pratipAdaka sivAya indranandi ke aura koI "vaSaT" prAdi zabdoM para aba hama vicAra karate hai to pUjA grantha maujUda nahI thaa| yahA~ taka ki indranaMdi ke sAtha spaSTatayA yaha prakaraNa mantra viSayaka hai| yahI zloka unhoMne mAdi zabda bhI nahI lagAyA hai, yaha khAsa taura vaiSNavadharma ke visarjana pATha me zabdazaH hai| vItarAga bhagase dhyAna dene yogya hai| vAna kI pUjA jisa dhyeya ko lekara kI jAtI hai usameM yazona dikRta saMskRta pacaparameSThI pUjA meM bhI prAzAdhara inakA kyA kAma ? kI taraha hI cAra upacAra milate hai, visarjana usameM nahIM vartamAna me, pUjAvidhi kA jo rUpa pracalita hai vaha hai| kintu yazonandi kA samaya prajJAta hai ki ve prAzAdhara kitanA prAcIna hai ? AzA hai khojI vidvAn isakA anveke pUrvavartI hai yA uttaravartI ? SaNa kareMge, isI abhiprAya se yaha lekha likhA gayA hai| 000
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________________ bhAratIya mUrti zilpa kI adbhuta kRti kuNDalapura ke bar3e bAbA : bhagavAna AdinAtha / DA0 bhAgacanda 'bhAgendu', damoha kaMDalapura madhyapradeza ke damoha jile meM avasthita hai| baDe bAbA : yaha madhya relave ke bInA-kaTanI mArga ke damoha sTezana se kuNDalapura ke mandira makhyA 11 meM avasthita 12 phUTa IzAna koNa me 35 kilomITara damoha-paTerA-kuMDalapura mArga 6 iMca UcI tathA 11 phuTa 3 ica coDI vizAla padmAsana para sthita hai| kuNDalapura samudrI sataha se tIna hajAra phITa mUrti iga kSetra kI gAMdhika prasiddha praura darzako ke mana ko maMtrI parvata zreNiyoM meM ghirA huA hai| yahAM kI parvata- gahaja hI moha lene vAlo nimiti hai| isa mUti kA nirmANa dheoNiyAM kuNDalAkAra hai, kadAcin isalie gaha sthAna dezI bhUre raMga ke pApANa se hugrA hai / isa mUrti ke mukha para "kuNDalapura" khlaayaa| saumyatA, bhavyatA aura divya smiti hai| yadi hama ima prakRti sUpamA sampanna, uttara bhArata kI mahanIya mUrti ko dhyAnapUrvaka kucha samaya taka dekhate rahe to isake tIrthasthalI kuNDalapura kA mahatva dhArmika aura mAskRtika mukha para adbhuta lAvaNa, alokika tejasvitA aura divya dRSTi se to hai hI, kalA aura purAtatva kI dRSTi se bhI AkarSaNa ke darzana prApta kreNge| mUrti ke vakSasthala para ullekhanIya hai| bhAratIya saMskRti aura vizeSa rUpa se zrIvatsa kA cinha suzobhita hai| kandho para jaTAmo kI dojaina saMskRti, kalA tathA purAtatva ke vikAsa meM kuNDalapura do laTeM dono ora laTaka rahI hai| mUrti ke siMhAsana ke kA yogadAna atyanta bhavya aura prazastha hai| yahA~ IsA ko nIce do siha utkIrNa hai / ye siMha grAsana se sambanvita hai, chaThI zatAbdI meM lekara paravartI solahavI-satrahavI zatAbdI tIrtha kara lAchana nahI hai / mUrti ke pAdapITha ke nIce gomukha taka kA mUtizilpa paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdha hotA hai| yakSa aura cakrezvarI yazI aMkita hai| yahAM kula 60 jaina mandira hai-40 parvata ke Upara aura isa mUti ko prAga janatA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra' kI 0 adhityakA me / adhityakA ke mandiroM aura parvatamAlA mUrti ke rUpa mAnyatA prApta hai| yaha dhAraNA zatAbdiyoM ke bIcoM-bIca nirmala jala se bharA "vardhamAna sAgara" se calI A rahI hai, kintu navIna zodha-moja ke prAdhAra nAmaka vizAla sarovara hai| para vAstava meM yaha mUrti jaina dharma ke prathama tIrthaGkara RSabhayadyapi kuNDalapura meM mUrti aura vastuzilpa ke aneka nAtha kI pramANita hotI hai| bejor3a namUne upalabdha hai, tathApi ina paktiyoM me hama kuMDala- maiMne apane vigata kuNDalapura pravAma me zodha moja kI pura kI usa bhavya aura saumya mUrti se prApakA paricaya daSTi se 'bar3e vAtA' ko iga sAtizaya manoja mUrti ke sUkSma karA rahe hai, jo chaThavIM zatAbdI kI nimiti tAhe ho, rIti ma punaH pUna. darzana kiya pora una sabhI prAcAroM para saundarya kI sRSTi tathA vizAlatA kI dRSTi meM bhAratIya gambhIratApUrvaka vicAra kiyA jinake kAraNa baDe bAbA ko padmAsana mUrtikalA ke itihAsa me anupama bhI hai| yaha mUrti yaha mUni mahAvIra svAmI ke rUpa meM vikhyAta huI, tathA "bar3e bAbA" ke nAma se sambodhita hotI hai| kucha vyaktiyoM vastusthiti, pratimAvijJAna, pugatAttvika mAkSya prAdi ke kI bhrAmaka dhAraNA hai ki yaha mUrti zrI mahAvIra svAmI prAdhAra para mujhe unheM RSabhanAtha' kA mUrti svIkAra karane kI hai / isIlie vastu-sthiti para naye sire se pUrNa vicAra me jo aucitya pratIta huA hai, uga sampUrNa cintana ke kara isa nibandha meM tathya prastuta kiye jA rahe hai| niSkarSa anikhita paktiyoM meM prastuta hai:--
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________________ 114, varSa 31, ki0 3.4 bhanekArata bar3e bAbA ke garbhagRha ke praveza dvAra ke vAyI aura (aba vyavasthA nahIM mAlama hotI hai| hamArA aimA vizvAsa hai dvAra caur3A kiye jAne para ise dAyI pora kI dIvAra me ki ye mUrtiyAM anyatra se lAkara lagA dI haiM / jar3a diyA gayA hai) eka abhilekha jar3A huA hai ! yaha abhi lekha aitihAsika dRSTi se bahana mahatvapUrNa hai| eka phuTa nizcita hI yaha prasaga pAzcaryajanaka hai ki sAkSyoM kI gyAraha iMca caur3A aura eka phuTa sAta iva UcA hai / isI upekSA karake ukta mabhilekha (saMvat 1757) me ise 'zrI bhabhilekha meM pratApI zAsaka, badelakhaNDa ke gaurava, maha rAja varSamAna yA zrI sanmati bhandira' kahA gayA hai| jaba ki chatrasAla dvArA kuNDalapura ko diye gaye vahamUlya sahayoga mUrti ke pAdapITha para tIrthaGkara mahAvIra kA lAchana siMha yA aura dAna kA varNana prApta hotA hai| anya koI pratIka' yakSa-yakSI, (mAtama aura siddhAyikA) athavA koI prabhilekha prAdi utkIrNa nahI hai| pAdapITha vikrama samvat 1757 ke isa abhilekha me bar3e bAbA para dono pAzvoM meM jo siMha nizita he, va zrI mahAvIra ke ke mandira ke jIrNoddhAra ke prasaMga me padya saMkhyA do meM "zrI lAMchana yA pratIka nahIM hai, apita ve siMhAsanastha ke zaktivartamAnasya' tathA pada saMkhyA dama meM "zrI sanmateH" zabda paricAyaka siMha hai, jaise ki prAyaH anya sabhI mUrtiyo ke pAye hai| isa abhilela kI tithi aura varNya viSaya pAdapITha para ye dekhe jA sakate hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai suspaSTa hai| isase kevala yaha tathya prakAzita hotA hai ki ki yaha mUrti zrI mahAvIra ke nAma se isalie sambodhita satrahavI-praThArahavI zanI meM yaha mandira 'zrI mahAvIra hone lagI hogI, kyoki jana-sAmAnya ko mahAvIra svAmI mandira" ke nAma se jAnA jAtA thaa| saMbhavata. baDe 'bAbA' ke saMbaMdha meM una dino kucha adhika jAnakArI rahI hogii| kI yaha mUrti bhI inhI dino zrI mahAvIra kI mUrti kaha aba se kucha zatAbdiyo pahale bhI aisI hI sthiti rahI lAtI hogii| kadAcit tatkAlIna bhakto ko sihAsana meM hai, kyoki sAdhAraNa manuSya zraddhAlu hotA hai / vaha itihAsa, akita do siMha dekhakara bar3e vAbA ko "mahAvIra" mAnane dharmazAstra, sAhitya aura pratimAvijJAna kI gaharAiyo me meM sahAyatA milI hogii| nahIM paiThanA caahtaa| ata: usane isa mUrti ko sahaja mandira sarUNa 11 kI vizAla mUrtiyoM ko dhyAna se bhAva se 'bar3e bAbA' kahate hue bhI mahAvIra ke nAma se jaanaa| dekhane para pratIta hotA hai ki bar3e bAbA kI vizAla mUrti kA siMhAsana do pASANa khaDoM ko jor3akara banAyA gagA hai| yastu, janamAmAnya kI dhAraNA ke viparIta aneka aise baDe bAbA kI mUrti ke donoM ora unhI ke barAbara UMcI Thosa pramANa Thosa pramANa hai jinake prAdhAra para bar3e bAbA ko zrI mahAvIra bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI do kAyoga mUrtiyA bhI hai| inake svAmI kI mUrti mAnane meM zAstrIya aura pratimAvijJAna siMhAsana nijI nahIM, balki anya vizAla kAyotsarga saMbaMdhI praneka bAdhAye hai| yaha mUti vAstava me, prathama tIrthamUrtiyoM ke avazepa pratIta hote hai| ina mUrtiyo ke siMhAsana Gkara, yugAdideva, bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM kadAcita kabhI badale gaye ho| yadi aisI kAI rAmbhAvanA mere niSkarSa nimna prakAra hai:ho bhI, to yaha bAta mAtatAyiyoM ke prAkramaNa ke bAda kI bar3e bAbA kI isa mUrti ke kandhoM para jaTAmoM ko dohI ho makatI hai| do laTeM laTaka rahI hai| sAdhAraNataH tIrthaGkara mUrtiyo kI isa sabake sAtha yaha bAta sahaja hI svIkaraNIya hai ki kezarAzi dhuMgharAlI aura choTI hotI hai| unake jaTA mora jINodvAra ke pazcAt (gata do-tIna zatAbdiyoM me) bar3e jaTAjaTa nahI hote / kintu bhagavAna RSabhanAtha kI kucha bAbA ke garmagRha meM aneka mahatvapUrNa parivartana kiye gaye hai| mUrtiyoM meM prAyaH isa prakAra ke jaTAjUTa mathavA jaTAyeM dikhAI jai garbhagRha ke bhItara cAro ora dIvAro para mUrtiyAM jisa detI hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke dIrghakAlIna, dudara tapazcaraNa DhaMga se jar3I huI hai, uname koI nizcita yojanA athavA ke kAraNa unakI mUrti me jaTAyeM banAne kI paramparA
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________________ kuNAlapura ke bar3e bAbA : bhagavAna prAvinAya 115 madhyakAla taka pracalita rahI hai| tIrghara RSabhanAtha kI ukta yakSa aura yakSI ke zAstrIya mUlyAMkana se mUrtiyoM kA jaTAyukta rUpa zAstrasammata bhI hai, jaisA ki nirvivAda rUpa se yaha tathya pramANita hai ki bar3e bAbA kI prAcArya jinaseda ne bhI kahA hai :-- mUrti tIrthaGkara RSabhanAtha kI hai|| (ka) ciratapasyo yasya jaTA mUni vastarAm / (4) loka paramparAmo me bhI saMskRti ke mUla rUpa ke dhyAnAgnidagdhakarmendhanA nirmadabUmazikhAiva // darzana sahaja hI hote hai| isa bAta kA prabala pramANa hai isa -grAdipurANa, parva 1, padya 6 mUrti kA "bar3e bAbA" nAma se sambodhita honaa| tIrtha(kha) pranambajaTA-bhAra-bhrAjiSNa niSNa raavbhii| ge kI paramparA meM jo 'bar3A hai, vRddha hai, use hI to" rUDhaprArohazAgvAmro yathA nyonodhapAdapa. / / "bar3e bAbA" kA sambodhana pradAna kiyA jA sakatA hai, .harivaza maNa, 1.204 antima tIrthakara mahAvIra svAmI ke lie "baDe bAbA" sambodhana kaisA? kuNDalapura ke bar3e bAbA ke kaMdhoM para jaTAye bhI laharA rahI hai| ata: nirvivAda rUpa se yaha mUrti bhagavAna RSabha- ukta pramANo ke prakAza meM yaha tayya sahaja hI svIkAra nAtha kI hI hai, mahAvIra svAmI kI nhii| kiyA jAnA cAhie ki kuNDalapura ke "vaDe bAbA" kI (2) zrI mahAvIra-mUrti ke sAtha meM unake yakSa bhUti mahAvIra svAmI kI nahIM hai, pratyuta tIrthaGkara RSabhamAtaMga aura yakSI siddhAyikA kA prakana hotA hai, jaba ki nAtha kI hai| isa mUrti meM aisA koI akana nahI hai| yadyapi bhArata meM yatra-tatra dhaneka vizAla padmAsana (3) baDe bAbA kI mUrti ke pAdapITha ke nIce siMhA- mUrtiyAM prApta hotI hai, parantu kalA ko zAzvata aura sana meM prAdinAtha ke yakSa gomakha aura yakSI cakrezvarI kA sArvakAlika smaraNIya prabhAva tathA vItarAgatA kI jo sAyUtha sundara akana hai| yakSa apane do hAthoM meM se eka me anupama anubhUti "bar3e bAbA" kI isa mUrti se prApta parazu aura dUsare meM bijaurA phala dhAraNa kiye hai| usakA hotI hai, vaha anyatra durlabha hai| aisI divya mUti ko zatazaH mukha jaisA hai jabaki cakrezvarI yakSI caturbhujI hai usake nA Upara ke do hAthoM meM cakra hai, nIce kA dAyA hAtha varada pradhyakSa-saskRta vibhAga mudrA me hai tathA bAye hAtha meM zaMkha hai| zAsakIya snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, damoha, ma0pra0 000 zrIkaSNa aura tIrthaMkara neminAtha zrI kRSNa mahAbhArata kAla meM hue the aura bAisaveM tIrthakara zrI neminAtha bhI usI samaya aura usI vRSNi yA harivaMza meM hue the| vaidika aura zramaNa donoM dhArAeM eka sAtha, eka pradeza aura eka hI vaMza se pravAhita huI thiiN| eka gItA ke pAyaka the, to dUsare samyaka darzana, samyaka jJAna aura samyak cAritra rUpI tIrtha ke unnAyaka the| eka bhakti aura jJAnayukta niSkAma karmayoga ke praNetA the aura dUsare tyAga evaM vairAgyamaya prAptadharma ke pracetA the| donoM ne janamAnasa ko prabhAvita kiyA thA aura dono ne loka ko naI cetanA kI thii| hiMsAmaya yajJa-yAgAdi ke atirikta bhI koI dharma hai, jo jIva kA kalyANa kara sakatA hai, isakA pATha par3hAyA aura eka naI bArA claaii| donoM dhArAe~ udgama me bahuta pAsa pI aura Age calakara bhI dono na paraspara vicAra grahaNa kie the| jaina paramparA meM vrata upavAsAdi kA vizeSa vidhAna hai| indriyoM ko saMyata rakhane me inase sahAya. milatI hai, ata: unakA dAnA prakAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA jisameM sAdhaka aDiga rahakara apanI sAdhanA kara ske|
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________________ tattvArthasUtra meM nyAya-zAstra ke bIja / DA0 darabArIlAla koThiyA, vArANasI titvArthasUtra ke kucha sthAnoM meM pATha bheda gravazya hai, kintu yaha pATha-bheda digambara praura zvetAmbara donoM grAmnAyoM ke matabheda kA pariNAma hai / ima pATha-bheda yA matabheda kA nirNaya isa bAta ke nirNaya para nirbhara hai ki tatvArthasatra kA jo bhASya pracalita hai vaha svopajJa hai yA nhiiN| eka prora yaha nirNaya hai aura dUsarI ora ve kucha prazna haiM jo aba naye naye uThAye jA rahe hai| aise prazno meM eka yaha bhI hai ki tatvArthasUtrakAra prAcArya umAsvAmI (yA umAsvAti) pahale hue yA ki prAcArya kundakunda / aba taka yahI mAnA jAtA rahA hai aura aisA hI hai bhI ki prAcArya kundakunda pahale hae aura prAcArya umAsvAmI unake bAda / isa tathya kI puSTi meM pravara manISI DA. darabArIlAla koThiyA ne prastuta lekha meM udAharaNa aura mUla-sandoM ke sAtha, Thosa tarka diye haiN| -sampAdaka] tatvArthasUtra jana parampaga kA eka mahattvapUrNa praura kA paryApta, yA yo rahie ki prAya: pUrA, nirUpaNa upalabdha pratiSTita grantha hai / isame jaina tatvajJAna kA atyanta saMkSepa hotA hai| aura prAjala maMskRta gadyagutro meM bar3I vizadatA ke sAtha aba prazna hai ki isa varma aura darzana ke grantha meM kyA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| iga ke racagiga prAcArya gaddha- unake vivecana yA siddhi ke lie nyAya kA bhI avalambana piccha hai jinhe umAmvAmI aura umAsvAti ke nAmo se liyA gayA hai ? ima prazna kA uttara jaba hama tatvArthasUtra bhI jAnA jAtA hai| kA gaharAI aura sUkSmatA se adhyayana karate hai to usI se isameM dasa adhyAya hai| prathama adhyAya meM ratnatraya ke mila jAtA hai| rUpa meM mokSamArga kA ullekha karate hue samyagdarzana, upake nyAya kA svarUpa pramANa aura naya viSaya bhata jIvAdi sAta tatvo, unhe jAnane ke upAyo aura nyAyadIpikAkAra abhinava dharmabhUSaNa ne nyAya kA samyagjJAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| dUgare, tIsare aura svarUpa dene hA likhA hai ki 'pramANa aura naya' dono cauthe adhyAyoM me jIva tatva kA lakSaNa, usake vibhinna nyAya hai, kyoMki unake dvArA padArthoM kA jJAna kiyA jAtA bhedo, usase sambandhita pArIro, janmo, yoniyo, prAvAso hai| unake atirikta, unake jJAna kA anya koI upAya (ratnaprabhA mAdi naraka bhUmiyo, jambUdvIpa, lavaNa samudra Adi nahI hai, jaisA ki unake nimna pratipAdana se spaSTa haimadhyaloka ke sthAno aura deva nikAyo) tathA unase pramANatayAbhyAM hi vivecitA jIvAdayaH samyagaghisambaddha prAvazyaka jAnakAriyo kA pratipAdana nibaddha hai| gamyante / tadvayatirekeNa jIvAdya dhigaye prakArAntarA pAMcaveM adhyAya meM ajIva tatva aura usake pudgala, dharma, sambhavAta' nyA0 dI0, pR0 4 / adharma, prAkAza, kAla ina pAMca bhedo kA, chaThe aura sAtave 'nyAya' zabda kI vyutpatti bhI isa prakAra dI gaI hai adhyAyoM meM prAsrava tattva (pApAsrava aura puNyA srava kA), ki 'ni' pUrvaka 'iNa gato' ghAtu se karaNa artha meM ghaJpratyaya pAThaveM meM bandhatatva kA, navayeM meM savara paura nirjr| tatvoM karane para nyAya zabda siddha hotA hai| "nitarAMmiyate kA tathA dazaveM meM mokSatatva kA vivecana hai| isa taraha jJAyate'rtho'neteti nyAyaH, artha paricchedakopAyo nyAyaH jaina dharma ke prasiddha sAta tatvo kA isameM sAGgopAGga kathana ityarthaH / sa ca pramANanayAtmaka ev'| parthAt nizcaya se kiyA gayA hai aura isa prakAra hameM isameM dharma aura darzana jisake dvArA padArtha jAne jAte hai vaha nyAya hai aura vaha 1. pramANanayAtmakanyAyasvarUpapratirodhakazAstrAdhikAra sampattaye prakaraNamidamArabhyate / ' --- nyAya dI., pR. 5 vIra sevA mandira-saMskaraNa, san 1945. 2. nyAya dI. Tippa.pU. 5, saskaraNa pUrvokta /
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________________ tasvArthasUtra meM gyAya-zAstra ke bIja 117 pramANa evaM nayarUpa hI hai, kyoMki unake dvArA padArthoM kA tatvArthaga me hI sarvaprathama upalabdha hotA hai| kayA jAtA hai / ataeva jana darzana meM pramANa ari tatvArthasUtra meM nyAya ke dUsare aGga naya kA bhI pratinaya nyAya hai| pAdana hai aura usake sAta bhedoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai|' tasvArthasUtra meM pramANa, pramANAbhAsa aura naya : ve hai nagama, sagraha vyavahAra Rja-sUtra zabda samabhirUDha mora nyAya ke ukta svarUpa ke anusAra tatvArthasUtra meM evabhUta / TIkAkAroM ne inakA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| pramANa aura naya donoM kA pratipAdana upalabdha hai| tatvArtha pramANa ke pratyakSa-parokSa bheda : sUtrakAra ne spaSTa kahA hai ki pramANa aura nayoM ke dvaa| pratyakSa aura parokSa ke bheda se pramANa ke do bhedo ko padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai, yathA -- batalA kara usakA tatvArthasUtra meM vizadatA ke sAtha pramANanaparadhigama / --- ta. sU. 1.6 / pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / mati aura zruta ina do jJAno isase spaSTa hai ki tatvArthasUtra meM jahA dharma aura darzana ko parokSa tathA avadhi manaHparyaya aura kevala ina tIna kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai vahA~ pramANa aura nayarUpa jJAnoM ko pratyakSa kahA gayA hai|' tatvArthasUtrakAroM ne paro. nyAya kA bhI pratipAdana hai| kSatA aura pratyakSatA kA bhI kAraNa batalAte hue likhA hai SaTakhaNDAgama prAdi pAgama grangoM meM jJAnamArgaNA na ki cUki prAdi ke dono (mani aura ati) jJAna indriyoM antargata jJAnamImAmA ke rUpa me pATha jJAno kA varNana kiyA aura mana kI sahAyatA se utpanna hote hai, prataH parApekSa gayA hai / parantu vahA una jJAno kA pramANa aura pramANA- hone se ve parokSa kahe gaye hai aura anya tIna jJAna (pravadhi, bhAma ke rUpa meM koI vibhAjana dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| mana paryaya aura kevala) indriyoM aura mana kI sahAyatA para tatvArthasUtra meM pAgamaNita pAMca samyagjJAnoM ko se na hone tathA mAtra prAtmA kI sahAyatA se hone ke pramANa' aura tIna mithyAjJAno ko pramANAbhAma' (apramANa- kAraNa pratyakSa batalAe gaye hai| yaha pramANadvaya kA bheda viparyaya) batAkara dArzanika eva nyAyika dRSTikoNa prAgamika na hokara nAkina hai jisakA anusaraNa uttaraprastuta kiyA gayA hai / mati prAdi pAMca jJAno ko pramANa vartI prakalaka, vidyAnanda prAdi sabhI jaina tAkiko ne tathA viparIta mati, viparIta zruta aura viparIta avadhi kiyA hai / bhAratIya nyAyazAstra me 6 kiye gaye pramANa ke (vibhagajJAna) ina tIno jJAnoM ko viparyaya-pramANa do (vaizeSika aura bauddha svIkRta), tIna (sAkhyamAnya), pramANAbhAsa ke rUpa me nirUpaNa saMskRta bhASA ke granthoM meM cAra (naiyAyika sammata), pAMca (prabhAkara praGgIkRta) aura 1. matizrutAvadhi mana.paryayayakevalanAni jJAnam, 'tatpramANe' (niyamasAra, gA. 10) bhI prAgamika hai| kundakunda ta. sU. 1.6.10 / pravacanasAra (gA0 21, 22, 30,40) meM pratyakSa aura 2. matizrutAvadhayo kAryazca, vahI 1-31 / parokSa zabdo kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| para vahA ina 3. naigamasaMgraha vyavahAra RjasUtra zabda samAbhiruDhava- zabdoM kA padArtha ke vizeSaNa rUpa meM hai| hAM, isI pratha bhUtA nayA: / ' vahI, 1.31 / me pAge (gA0 58 me ) avazya parokSa aura pratyakSa 4. tatpramANe, 'mAdye parokSam' pratyakSamanyat - vahI-1, ke lakSaNa batalAte hue unheM jJAna kA vizeSaNa banAyA 10, 11, 12 / gayA hai| para pramANa ke bheda ke rUpa me unakA prati5. tadindriyAnindriyanimittam 'pratyakSamanyat -ta. sU. pAdana nahI hai| 1, 18, 12 / 7. laghIya, 1-2.5 pramANa pa. pR. 28, vIra sevA 6. mati zruta mAdi pA~ca samyagjJAno kA bheda mAgamika mandira TrasTa, sakaraNa 1677 / hai| svabhAvajJAna aura vibhAvajJAna ke bheda se jJAnopa- 8. janatakazAstra meM anumAna-vicAra, pR. 66, vIra sevA yoga ke do bhedoM kA prA. kundakunda kA nirUpaNa mandira TrasTa, saskaraNa 1966 /
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________________ 118, varSa 31, ki0 3.4 anekAnta chaha (bhATTa mImAMsaka svIkRta) bhedoM kA samAveza usake ko strI aura strI ko mAtA kaha detA hai| usI prakAra, ukta pramANataya (pratyakSa aura parokSa) meM hI ho jAtA hai| mati, zruta aura pravadhi (vibhaGga) jJAna bhI sat-asat kA tattvArthasUtrakAra' jaba mati smRti saMjJA (pratyabhijJAna) bheda na kara kabhI kAcakAmalAdi ke vaza vastu kA viparIta cintA (tarka) aura abhinibodha (anumAna) ko bhI (anyathA) jJAna karA dete haiN| ataH ye tIna jJAna mithyApramANAntara hone kA saMketa karate hue unheM matijJAna kahate jJAna bhI kahe jAte hai| hai aura unakA indriya mana pUrvaka hone ke kAraNa parokSa tatvArthasUtrakAra ke isa pratipAdana se spaSTa hai ki meM antarbhAva karate hai to unakI yahAM nizcaya hI tArkika tattvArthasUtra meM nyAyazAstra bhI samAhita hai| sabase mahatvadRSTi lakSita hotI hai| unakI isa dRSTi se prakAza lekara pUrNa bAta yaha hai ki unake samaya meM bhI tIna hI anumAnApUjyapAda ne nyAyadarzana mAdi meM pRthaka pramANa ke rUpa meM vayava vastu siddhi meM pracalita the, upanaya aura nigamana ko svIkRta, upamAna, Agama prAdi pramANoM ko parasApekSa anumAnAvayava svIkAra nahI kiyA jAtA thA yA unakA hone se parokSa meM antarbhAva kara liyA hai aura tattvArtha- jaina saskRti meM vikAsa nahI hapA thaa| tattvArtha mUtrakAra mUtrakAra ke pramANadvaya kA samarthana kiyA hai| prakalaMka ne' ke uttaravartI prAcArya mamanta bhadra ne bhI devAgama (prApta. bhI unake pramANa dvaya kI hI sampuSTi kI hai| sAtha hI mImAsA) me una tIna pravAvo se hI aneka sthaloM para naye pAloka meM pratyakSa-parokSa kI paribhASAmro aura unake vastusiddhi kI hai| tAkika bhedo kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai| uttarakAla meM tattvArthasUtrakAra kA tIna avayavo se vastu-siddhi kA to prA0 gaddha piccha kA aAdhAra lekara prakalaka ne jo eka udAharaNa aura yahA prastuta hai| tattvArthasUtra ke dazaveM pramANanirUpaNa kiyA usI para vidyAnanda, mANikyananira adhyAya ke pAcaveM sUtra meM mukta jIva ke Urdhvagamana ko prAdi tAkika cale hai| sayuktika siddha karate hue tattvArthamUtra kAra ne likhA haianumAna ke (pakSa, hetu aura udAharaNa) tIna avayavoM 1 pakSa -tadanantara (yukA) UrdhvagacchatyA se siddhi: lokAntAt / tattvArthasUtra meM kucha siddhAntoM kI siddhi anumAna 2. hetu pUrvaprayogAt prasaMgatvAt bandhacchedAt tathAgati pariNAmAcca / (yukti) se ko gayI hai| unhoMne anumAna prayoga ke tIna 3. udAharaNa--prAviddhakuzala cakravat, vyapagata lepAavayavoM pakSa, hetu aura udAharaNa se mati, zruta aura avadhi 1, zruta mAra avAgha lAyuvat eraNDabIjavat bhagnizikhAvacca / ina tInoM jJAnoM ko viparyaya (apramANa-prabhANAbhAsa) __ ---ta. sU. 10-5, 6, 7 // siddha karate hue pratipAdita kiyA hai| arthAt dravyakarmoM aura bhAvakoM se chUTa jAne ke bAda 1. pakSa-matizrutAvaghayo viparyaya ca / maktajIva loka ke anta paryanta Upara ko jAtA hai, kyoMki 2. hetu-sadasatoravizeSAdyadRcchopalabdha / usakA Upara jAne kA pahale kA abhyAsa hai, koI saga 3. udAharaNa-unmattavat / -ta. sU. 1-31-32 (parigraha) nahIM hai, karmabandhana naSTa ho gayA hai aura usakA arthAt mati, zruta aura avadhi ye tIna jJAna viparyaya Upara jAne kA svabhAva hai| jaise kumhAra kA cAka, lepa (mithyA apramANa pramANAbhAsa) bhI hai, kyoki unake dvArA rahita tumarI, eraNDa kA bIja aura agni kI jvaalaa| sat (samIcIna) aura asat (masamIcIna) kA bheda na mukta jIva ke UvaM gamana ko siddha karane ke lie sUtrakAra kara svecchA se upalabdhi hotI hai, jaise unmatta (pAgala ne cAra hetu diye pora unake samarthana ke lie cAra udApuruSa) kA jJAna / unmatta vyakti viveka na rakhakara mAtA haraNa bhI prastuta kiye hai| isa taraha anumAna se siddhi 1. ta. sU..,13, 14 / 6. anupadiSTa hetukamidamUrdhvagamanaM kathamadhyasAtuM zakya2. sarvArthasi05-11 / mini? bhatrocyate / prAha hetvarthaH puSkalo'pidRSTAnta 3. laghIya01/3 / / samarthana gantareNAbhipretArthasAdhanAya nAlamiti ucyate 4. pramANa parIkSA, pR. 28 / 5 parIkSA m03-1,2| sarvArthasiddhi. 10-6, 7 kI utpAtikAe /
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________________ tatvArtha sUtra meM nyAya zAstra ke bIja 114 yA vivecana karanA nyAyazAstra kA abhidheya hai| yadyapi aura visarpa (vistAra) hotA hai, jaise -pradIpa; dIpaka ko sAdhya-binAbhAvI eka hetu hI vivakSina prartha kI siddhi ke jaisA prAzraya milatA hai usI prakAra usakA prakAza ho lie paryApta hai, use siddha karane ke lie aneka hetupoM kA jAtA hai| isI taraha jIvoM ko bhI jaisA prAzraya prApta prayoga aura unake samarthana ke lie aneka udAharaNoM kA hotA hai vaise hI usameM samavyA'ta ho jAte hai| pratipAdana mAvazyaka hai| kintu usa yuga me nyAya-zAstra sata meM utpAda vyaya aura dhovya kI siddhi: kA itanA vikAsa nahIM huaA thaa| vaha to uttarakAla meM dravya kA lakSaNa tattvArthasUtra meM prAgamAnusAra utpAda, huA hai| isI se prakalaMka, vidyAnanda, mANikyanandi prAdi vyaya aura dhrovya kI yuktatA ko batalAyA hai / yahA prazna' nyAyazAstra ke prAcAryoM ne sAdhya (vivakSita artha) kI uThA ki utpAda, vyaya anitya (mAne jAne) rUpa hai aura siddhi ke lie pakSa aura hetu ina do hI anumAna kA dhrauvya (sthiratA) nityarUpa hai| aMga mAnA hai| udAharaNa ko bhI unhoMne nahI mAnA, use ve dono (anitya aura nitya, eka hI mat meM kaise raha anAvazyaka batalAyA hai| tAtrayaM yaha ki tattvArtha mUtrakAra sakane ? isakA uttara sUtrakAra ne hetu kA prayoga karake ke kAla meM parokSa arthoM kI siddhi ke lie nyAya (yukti diyA hai / unhone kahA ki mukhya (vivakSita) aura goNa anumAna) ko pAgama ke sAtha nirNaya-mAghana mAnA jAne (avivakSita) kI apekSA se ina donoM kI eka hI sata meM lagA thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake kucha hI kAla bAda siddhi hotI hai| dravyAza kI vivakSA karane para usameM hue svAmI samantabhadra na yukti aura zAstra donoM ko prartha nityatA aura paryAyAza kI apekSA se kathana karane para ke thArtha prarUpaNa ke lie pAvazyaka batalAyA hai| unhone anityatA kI giddhi hai| isa prakAra, yuktipUrvaka sabakA yahA~ taka kahA hai ki bIra jina isalie prApta hai kyoki utpAda paya, dhrauvya rUpa nayAtmaka yA anekAntAtmaka siddha unakA upadeza yukti aura zAstra se aviruddha hai / nasvArtha- kiyA gayA gayA hai| sUtra ke ukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki usameM nyAyazAstra ke isa taraha tattvArthasUtra hama dharma, darzana aura nyAya tIno bIja samAhita hai, jinakA uttarakAla meM adhika vikAsa kA sammAna karane vAlA jana vAhamaya kA advitIya graMtha huA hai| hai / gambhavata: imI meM usakI mahimA evaM garimA kA gAna tasvArtha mutra ke pAcaveM adhyAya ke pandraha pora mAlave karate hae uttaravartI prAcAryoM ne kahA hai ki isa tattvArthasUtra sUtro dvArA jIvoM kA lokAkAza meM amarUdhAtave bhAga se kA jo eka bhI bAra pATha karatA hai yA sunatA hai use eka lekara sampUrNa lokAkAza ke pravagAha pratipAdana kiyA gayA upavAsa karane jitanA phala prApta hotA hai| tattvArthamUtra kI hai| yaha pratipAdana bhI panumAna ke ukta tIna avayavoM isa mahimA ko dekhakara prAja bhI samAja meM usakA paThanadvArA hA hai| pandrahavA sUtra pakSa ke rUpa meM prora solahavA pAThana sabase adhika pracalita hai aura paryuSaNa (dazalakSaNa) sUtra hetu tathA udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta hai| 'jIvo kA parva me to usa para vyAkhyAna bhI diye jAte evaM sune jAte pravagAha lokAkAza ke prasakhyAtaveM bhAga se lekara sampUrNa hai| ityalam / lokAkAza meM hai, kyoMki unameM pradezoM kA saMhAra (saMkoca) 000 1. etadvayamevAnumAnADUnodAharaNam-parIkSA0 3.37 yAyAvati. kA. 381 akalaMka p.| patraparI. pR. / 2. 'yuktizAstrAvirodhivAka' devAgama (pApmamI.) kA 6 / 3. prasaMkhyeyabhAgAdiSu jIvAnAm (avagAhaH) pradeza mahAra visarpAbhyAm pradIpavat / - ta. sU. 5, 15' 16 / 4 manu zvameva viruvaM tadeva nityaM tadeva nitygti| yadi nitya vyayodayAbhAvAda nitytaavyaaghaatH| athAnityameva sthitya bhAvannityatA vyAghAtaH iti? naita siddhaya-kutaH ? 5. mApitAnapita siddha 5.32 / 6. sa. si. 5, 32 / 7. dazAdhyAye paricchanne tatvArtha paThite sati / phalaM syAdupavAsasya bhASitaM muni pUGgavaH // -ajJAta vyAkhyAkArakRta
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________________ jaina purANoM meM samatA zrI devIprasAda mizra prArambha meM bauddha aura jaina dharma ko varNa-vyavasthA tathA meM varNa-saMkaratA nahI thI aura unake vivAha, jAti-saMbaMdha jAtivAda svIkAra na hone ke kAraNa ve usakA virodha eva vyavahAra prAdi sabhI kArya varNAnusAra hote the| mahAkarate the / bauddha dharma apane isa siddhAnta kA pAlana karate purANa ke anusAra, pahale varNavyavasthA nahI thI, parantu hue dRDha rahA, parantu kAlAntara me jaino ne isa deza kI kAlAntara me grAjIvikA ke prAdhAra para cAturvarNya vyavasthA mukhya dhArA me bahate hue eka samanvita mAmAjika vyavasthA huii| raviSeNAcArya ne jAti vyavasthA kA khaNDana kiyA ko janma diyA, jisameM brAhmaNoM ke sthAna para kSatriyo ko hai|' padmapurANa meM kisI bhI jAti ko nindanIya nahI pramukhatA dI gaI hai| isI ko mAna kara unhoMne pugaNo batAyA gayA hai| sabhI meM samAnatA kA darzana karAke guNa kI racanA karake yaha pratipAdita karane kA prayAsa kigA ko kalyANaka mAnA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vratI cANDAla hai ki unake sabhI viSaSTizanAkA-puruSa kSatriya kula meM ko gaNadhagadi deva brAhmaNa kahate haiN| raviSeNAcArya ne utpanna hue the / 50 phUlacandra jI kA vicAra hai ki jaina- brAhmaNa, gAya, hAthI, kuttA tathA cANDAla ke prati samatA mAgama-sAhitya me cAturvarNya vyavasthA nahIM hai| parantu yaha kA dRSTikoNa apanAyA hai / jaina purANoM meM sabhI ke prati mata pramAnya hai, kyoki jaina-prAgamo meM babhaNa, khattiya, samatA kA bhAva dikhAyA gayA hai| isIlie zrI gaNeza muni vahassa tathA saha nAma ke cAra varNoM kA ullekha milatA ne kahA hai ki pahale varNavyavasthA me UMca-nIca kA bheda-bhAva hai, jo kramazaH brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya tathA zUdra hai| nahIM thaa| jisa prakAra cAra bhAI koI kAma prApasa meM jaina sUtroM ke anusAra karma se brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya bATakara Apasa meM sampAdita karate hai, usI prakAra cAtutathA zadra kI utpatti hotI hai| isI prakAra kA vicAra varNya-vyavasthA bhI thii| kAlAntara me isa vyavasthA ke sAtha jaina purANo meM bhI milatA hai| loga apane yogya karmoM ko UMca-nIca kA sambandha jar3a gayA, jisase vizuddha sAmAkarate the, ve apane varNa kI nizcita prAjIvikA chor3akara jika vyavasthA meM bhAvAtmaka hiMsA kA sammizraNa ho gyaa| dUsare kI bhAjIvikA ko grahaNa nahIM karate the, unake kAryoM jaina purANoM ke anusAra, cAroM vargoM kA vibhAjana mAjI1. 50 phUlacandra : varNa, jAti aura dharma, kAzI 1963, tulanIya-cAturvaNyaM mayA sRSTaM gunnkrmvibhaagshH| pR0 167 / -gItA, 4.13 / 2. DA. jagadIzacandra jaina, jaina pAgama sAhitya me bhAra- 6. padmapurANa, 11.165-202 / tIya samAja, vArANasI, 1965, pR0 223 / 7 na jAtirgahitA kAcidguNAH kalyANakAraNam / 3. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 25.33 / vratasthamapi cANDAlaM taM devA brAhmaNaM viduH / / 4. yathAsva svocitaM karma prajAdadhurasakaram / -padmapurANa, 11.203; mahApu0, 74.488-465; vivAhajAtisabaMdhavyavahArazca tammatam // tulanIya-mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 186.4-5! -mahApurANa, 16.187 / varAMgacarita, 25.11 / 5. manuSyajAtirekaiva jAtinAmodayodbhavA / 8. padmapurANa, 11.204 / vRttibhedAhitabhedAccAturvidhyamihAznute // 6. gaNeza muni, 'prAgaitihAsika vyavasthA kA mUla rUpa', mahApurANa, 38.45 jinavANI, jayapura 1968, varSa 25, aMka 12, pR.6|
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________________ jaina purANoM meM samatA 121 vikA ke AdhAra para humA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina kiyo ko bhI samasta vidyApro evaM kalAnoM kI zikSA dene purANoM meM logoM ko apanI-apanI mAjIvikA samyak DhaMga kI vyavasthA kI hai| jinasena ne pinA ko sampatti meM se pratipAdita karane kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai| yadi koI putrI ko barAbara bhAma kA adhikArI batAyA hai| aisA nahI karatA thA to use daNDa dene kI bhI vyavasthA striyoM ko samAja meM sammAna kI dRSTi se dekhA kI gaI hai, tAki isase varNa-saMkaratA ko rokA jA ske|' jAtA thA aura unake sAtha samatA kA vyavahAra hotA thaa| jainAcAryoM ne sabhI ko samAnatA ke mAdhAra para rakhA striyo ke sAtha durvyavahAra kI prAcAryoM ne kaTa pAlocanA hai| unhone sabhI ke sAtha samAna nyAya kI vyavasthA kI kI hai| isIlie striyoM ko bhI puruSa ke samAna svarga hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki brAhmaNo ko jo vizeSAdhikAra kA adhikAra diyA hai|" milA thA, usakA patana humA aura samAnatA ke AdhAra para jainAcAryoM ne parivAra meM pati-patnI me paraspara samAsamAja kA punargaThana kiyA gyaa| yadi brAhmaNa corI karate natA ke AdhAra para sauhArdatA sthApita karane meM mahattvapUrNa hue pakar3A jAtA thA to use deza se nikAla dene kI bhUmikA nibhAyI hai / jIvanarUpI naukA pati-patnI ke sahavyavasthA kI gaI thii| yoga se calatI hai / kisI ko kama yA adhika samajhane para usa samaya kanyAoM kA janma mAtA-pitA ke lie jIvana-naukA bhaMvara me par3akara durgati ko prApta hotI hai| abhizApa thA, parantu jana pUrANoM meM sAmAjika samatA ke isIlie hamAre manISiyo ne dono me samAnatA sthApita AdhAra para unako Upara uThAyA gayA hai / isa kAraNa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| padmapurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki unhone (jinasena ne) vyavasthA kI hai ki kanyAo kA strI-puruSa kA jor3A sAtha hI sAtha utpanna hotA thA aura janma prIti kA kAraNa hotA hai| isI prakAra kA vicAra prAyu vyatIta karake prema-bandhana me prAbaddha rahate hae sAtha kAlidAsa ne bhI vyakta kiyA hai| unhoMne apane grantha hI sAtha mRtyu ko prApta hotA thaa| eka pora patnI ko kamArasambhava me kanyA ko kula kA prANa kahA hai| jainA- pati ko pradhAMginI" kahA gayA hai, to dUsarI ora use cAryoM ne patra eva pUtrI ko samAna mAnA hai| isIlie pati kA vizvAsa-pAtra maMtrI, mitra eva priya ziSyA yatAyA pitA donoM ko samAna rUpa se par3hAte the| usa samaya binA gayA hai| bheda bhAva ke lar3ake aura lar3akiyAM sAtha-sAtha adhyayana kiyA patnI ke binA ghara ko zUnya 5 evaM jaMgala batAyA karate the| jainAcArya jinasena ne lar3ako ke samAna lar3a gayA hai / manu ne to yahA~ taka kaha DAlA hai ki jahA~ para 1. mahApugaNa, 38 46; padmapurANa, 11.201; harivaza- puNyazca savibhAgArhAH sama putra. samAzakaH / purANa, 7.103-105; tulanIya-viSNupurANa, 1.6. -- mahApurANa, 38.154; tulanIya --prAvazyakaNi, 3-5; vAyupurANa, 1.160-165 / 232; uttarAdhyayanasUtra 2, pR0 86 / 2. harivazapurANa, 14.7; mahApurANa, 16.248 / 10. harivaMzapurANa, 16.16; padmapurANa, 15.173 / 3. mahApurANa, 70155; tulanIya-harivazapurANa, 11. padmapurANa, 80.147; mahApurANa, 17.166 / 27.23-41 / 12. yugmamutpadyate tatra palyAnAM trayamAyupA / 4 mahApurANa, 6.83 / premabandhanabaddhazca mriyate yugalaM samam / / 5. bhagavatazaraNa upAdhyAya, guptakAla kA sAMskRtika - padmapurANa, 351 / itihAsa, vArANasI 1666, pR. 221 / 13. taittirIyasaMhitA, 6.1.8.5; aitareya brAhmaNa, 1.2.5%) 6. mahApurANa, 26.118 / zatapatha brAhmaNa, 52.1.10 / 7. padmapurANa, 26.5.6; tulanIpa-- bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, 14. gahiNI saciva: sakhI mitra: priya ziSyA lalita kalA6.2.1, chAndogyopaniSad, 5.3 / ___kalAvidhau |-rghuvNsh, 887 / 8. mahApurANa, 16.102 / 15. mahAbhArata, 12.144.4 / 16. vahI 12.144.6 /
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________________ 122, varSe 31, ki0 3-4 anekAnta striyoM kI pUjA hotI hai vahAM para devatA nivAsa karate aura una icchAoM kI pUrti ke sAdhana atyalpa hai| prataevaM haiN| isIlie mahApurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki pati-patnI samasta icchAtroM kI pUrti honA asambhava hai| isalie se suzobhita hotA hai| atyanta Avazyaka prAvazyakatAno kI pUrti karake hI jainAcAryoM ne vezyAmoM ko sAmAjika dhArA se jor3ane santoSa karanA cAhie / pata: viveka evaM nyAyapUrvaka cayana kA prayAsa kiyA hai| samAja meM vezyAoM ko hIna dRSTi se kiye gaye dhana se icchApUrti karanI caahie| jainAcAryoM dekhA jAtA thA, parantu samAja me sudhAra karake unhone ne kahA hai ki yadi koI manuSya apanI icchApUrti manyAyainakI sthiti meM parivartana kiyaa| isa parivartana ke pari- mArga kA prAzraya lekara karatA hai to use mahAn kaSTa NAmasvarUpa vasantasenA nAmaka vezyA ne apanA pezA chor3a. uThAnA par3atA hai| ataeva nyAyapUrvaka dhanArjana karanA hI kara vivAha kiyA aura apanI mAM ke ghara se pati ke yahA~ jIvana ko sukhI evaM santuSTa banAne kA ekamAtra mArga pAkara apanI sAsa kI sevA karate hue praNavato kA pAlana hai|' kAmanAnoM kI pUrti kA sAdhana artha hai aura mathaM dharma karane lgii|' vezyAyeM vivAha karake gRhasthI basAne lagI se milatA hai| isalie dharmocita artha-arjana se icchAaura sAmAjika dhArA meM yogadAna dene lgiiN| vezyAoM ke nusAra sukha kI prApti hotI hai tathA isase manuSya prasanna sAtha vivAha karane para kisI ko samAja se bahiSkRta nahI rahate haiM / ataeva dharma kA ullaghana na kara dhana kamAnA, kiyA jAtA thaa| isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki jainAcAryoM usakI rakSA karanA tathA yogya pAtra ko denA hI mukhya ne vezyApoM kI sthiti sudhArane aura unhe samAja me lakSya honA caahie|' sammAnajanaka sthAna dilAne tathA unake sAtha vivAha karane jainAcArya jinasena ne samAja me varga-saMgharSa ko rokane ko protsAhana diyaa| jisa prakAra Aja kala harijana kanyA ke lie zrama kA vibhAjana kiyA hai| unhone aimI ke sAtha vivAha karane para sarakAra kI pora se vibhinna ___ vyavasthA kI thI ki sabhI apane-apane peze me lagakara prakAra kA prAtsAhana diyA jAtA hai, sambhavataH uma samaya kuzalatA kA paricaya deM aura kArya meM nipuNatA lAkara bhI vezyApo ke sAtha vivAha karane para isI taraha kA koI deza ko Age bddh'aave| isIlie mahApurANa meM eka dUsare protsAhana diyA jAtA rahA hogaa| kI AjIvikA me hastakSepa kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai|' janAcAryoM ne samAja meM prAyika asamAnatA ko dUra ta. hama dekhate hai ki jainAcAryoM ne jaina purANoM ke karane ke lie samAnatA sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA mAdhyama se samAja ke vibhinna kSetro me samatA sthApita hai| jaina purANoM ke anuzIlana me yaha tathya prakAza meM karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| samAja se vizeSAdhikAroM evaM pAtA hai ki upa samaya sabhI ko nyAyapUrvaka AjIvikA asamAnatAmo ko dUra karake samanvaya kI dhArA pravAhita karane ke lie protsAhana diyA jAtA thaa| jinasenAcArya kI hai| ne kahA hai ki isa sasAra meM manuSya kI icchAyeM ananta hai U00 1 yatra nAryastu pUjyante ramante tatra devatAH / 5. .."vRttizca nyAyo lokottaro mataH / tatrautAstu na pUjyante sarvAstatrAphalAH kriyAH / / -- mahApurANa, 42.14; __ -- manusmRti, 3.56; tulanIya-garuDapurANa, 1.205.68 / tulanIya-jAyaso yatra pUjyante ramante tatra devtaaH| 6. dharmAdiSTArthasampattistataH kAmasukhodayaH / yatra tAstu pUjyante vinakSyasvAkSutadgRham / / saca saMprItaye pusA dharmAt saMSA paramparA // -mahApurANa, 5.15 / -bhaviSyapurANa, 4.117.4 / 7. sa tu nyAyo'natikrAntyA dharmasyArthasamarjanam / 2. mahApurANa, 6.56 / 3. harivaMzapurANa, 21.176 / rakSaNaM varghanaM cAsya pAtre ca viniyojanam // 4. nyaayopaajitvittkaamghttn:| -mahApurANa, 42.13 / -mahApurANa, 41.158 / 8. mahApurANa, 26.26 / 6. vahI, 16. 187 /
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________________ svAdhyAya parama tapa hai 9 zrImatI rUpavatI 'kiraNa', jabalapura samatA kI nirmala gaMgA : vibhinnatA ho to par3hakara bhI buddhimaya nahIM hotA, manana ciMtana to prasa bhava hI hai / adhyayana meM atirikta vikalpa mAja ke yuga meM kalpavRkSa kI bhAti vijJAna ke bar3hate nahIM raha sakate / ekAgratA se mana-vacana-kAya para niyaMtraNa hae caraNa bhava ko satApakArI tRSNA ke athAha mAgara meM anAyAsa hI ho jAtA hai| anya padArthoM se mamatA kI Dora DabA ca ke hai / prAta mAnava vyAkulatA se pratIkSA rata hai| TUTa jAtI hai| cetanA, jo aba taka prAkarSaNo me baha rahI una upAyoM ke lie, jo mAnava ke udvega ko zAta kara thI, apane meM lauTa pAtI hai| prAtmA kA 'sva' meM kendrImata tRpti de skeN| use nizcaya ho gayA hai ki zArIrika sukha ho virAma lenA prAtmavizuddhi kA kAraNa hai| jaina darzana use tRpta karane meM sarvathA asamartha hai| mAnava sAmagrI ke kA kendra prAtmA hI hai| prAsmA kA lakSya svasthita honA vistRta marusthala meM mAnamika azAti se tapta rAga-dveSa kI hai| svAdhyAya se 'sva' ke prati jijJAsA bar3hanI hai, jo pAMca me cane kI bhAMti bhunatA huA chaTapaTA rahA hai, prAtmA kI khoja karake hI zAMta hotI hai evaM pA jAne para samatA ke sIkaroM ke lie jo tatkAla zAti pradAna kara abhUtapUrva tRpti milatI hai| sakate hai / use yaha jJAta nahI ki samatA kI nirmala gagA kI ajasra dhArA usI ke aMtasa meM pravAhita hai| usa pavitra moha-mamatA ke gahana adhakAra meM bhaTakatA prANI taSAhAriNI saritA kA udgama vaha svayaM hai aura vaha Atmika zAMti ko vismRta kara apanA pratikSaNa hrAsa kara pipAsita ho yatra-tatra bhaTaka rahA hai| yaha kaisA prAzcarya rahA hai| svAdhyAya jJAna-kiraNoM ke dvArA pAloka-dAna hai ki jisake garbha me pranata auSadhiyA pala rahI hoM, vahI karatA hai, tAki vyakti apanI sAmarthya se paricita ho himAMcala rugNa rahe ? mAnava ko apanI vizAla nidhi kI prAtma zakti ko pUrNata: vikasita karane kI kSamatA prApta khoja karanA hai| bhayaMkara daridratA se mukti pAnA hai to kara ske| satarka ho svAdhyAya karanA hogA, satata svAdhyAya / svA. dhyAya hI vaha sugama upAya hai jo prAtmA ke gupta prabajhe bhaMDAra ke rahasyoM ko khola kara samasta prAdhi-vyAdhi- svAdhyAya kyoM ? bhora kisakA? sAdhAraNata: svA. upAdhi ko haraNa kara letA hai| isake prabhAva se saMsAra me dhyAya par3hane ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai| akSarAtmaka jJAna hone vAlA mAnuSagika phala Rddhi-siddhiyA aniyatrita yA to pratyeka vyakti ko karanA pAvazyaka hai| isake binA caraNo me loTatI hai| vizad graMtho kA pArAyaNa nahI kiyA jA sktaa| vizva me aneka viSaya hai| kisI bhI viSaya kI gahana adhyayana ke 'sva' meM kendrIbhUta hoM : binA dhAraNA nahI hotii| yaha bhI sambhava nahI ki eka svAdhyAya jIvana kA bhAvazyaka aMga hai| isake binA vyakti samasta viSayo kA adhyayana kara pAraMgata ho ske| manuSya pazu ke sadRza hai, balki pazu kahakara bhI pazu kA apanI-apanI ruci ke anusAra hI vyakti viSayo kA apamAna karanA hai| svAdhyAya karate samaya mana kI kriyA pradhyayana-manana karatA hai| koI bhI kArya kisI vizeSa ke anurUpa vacana va zarIra kI kriyA bhI hotI hai, arthAt uddezya ko lekara kiyA jAtA hai| sukha-prApti kA uddezya tInoM kA samanvaya bhI ho jAtA hai| kadAcit tIno me sasAra ke samasta prANiyo kA sadRza hai| aneka prakAra se
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________________ 124, varSa 31, ki0 3.4 anekAnta adhyayana-zIla rahane para bhI prANI ko abhISTa kI prApti kriyA va vairAgya se svagrahaNa hotA hai| anya padArtha ke nahIM huii| prahaNa kI vatti chuTa jAtI hai| ataeva kaSAya nirAzrita prAtmA pranata guNoM kA bhaDAra hai| jJAna prAtmA kA ho kramazaH kRza hotI jAtI hai aura pratmA ko svacchatA asAdhAraNa guNa yA lakSaNa hai| isake dvArA hI prAtmA ko nikharane lagatI hai| grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA anya guNa bhI jJAna ke svAdhyAya se prAtma guNoM ko abhivRddhi : dvArA grahaNa hote hai| jJAna carAcara mamasta jeya ko viSaya banAtA hai| jJAna meM jJAna kI sthiratA hetu svAdhyAya dizeSa prAva zyaka hai / svAdhyAya ke kSaNo me vyakti aneka citAmoM se bhAna prajJAna meM aMtara unmukta ho jAtA hai| dattacitta hue binA svAdhyAya nahI prayojana siddhi ke lie jJAna-prajJAna kI paribhASA ho sktaa| isase 'sva' adhyayana kI preraNA, mArgadarzana bhalI bhAMti vidina ho jAnA ucita hai| jo prayojana ko milatA hai / Atma-nirIkSaNa kI vRtti, anusaMdhAna kara guNoM siddha kare vaha jJAna, zeSa saba ajJAna hai| jJAna kA pArapa ko abhivRddhi eva doSo kA parimArjana karatI huI pragati rika phala nirmala kevala-jJAna kI prApti hai| jahA jJAna meM patha para cala par3atI hai| yugoM-yugoM se calI A rahI bhUloM kucha bhI mizraNa nahI, kevala jJAna ho jJAna hai| yaha kA unmUlana kara bhAtmavizuddhi kara kalyANa kiyA jA sunizcita hai ki jJAna ke sAtha anya lokika sadA anu sakatA hai| prAtmakalyANa meM salagna vyakti anya prANiyo paMga rUpa se hotI hI hai, parantu jJAnI ko antarAnubhUti ke ke kalyANa me bhI pUrNata: satarka rahatA hai, arthAt vAdhaka sUkha ke samakSa dhana-saMpatti tRNavat tuccha pratibhAsita nahI bntaa| usake vicAro me saralatA, sahiSNutA prA hotI hai| jAtI hai tathA prAcaraNa sAtvika-sImita kara vaha prAtmaya to jJAna ke prabhAva meM ajJAnI ko bhI vizeSa guNo kI samRddhi me rata rahatA hai| sapadA, Rddhi-siddhi prAdi upalabdha ho jAtI hai, para zAzvata prAnaMda kI prApti nahIM hotii| samaya pAkara sAmagrI vinaSTa kalA 'sva' meM virAma lene kI: ho jAtI hai, kyoki kSaNa-bhaMguratA usakA svabhAva hai| jJAna jyoti pratyeka prAtmA meM sadaiva dIpta hai, jisake hamAna ke sadabhAva meM bhI mAtra vaibhava prApta ho to dvArA vizva ke padArtha prakAzita ho rahe hai| niraMtara svA. jAna-prajJAna meM antara hI kyA rahA ? jJAna kA viziSTa dhyAya kara svayaM ko bhI prakAzita kiyA jA sakatA hai| yA atirikta phala zAzvata mukti kI upalabdhi hai| jJAna jyoti uddIpta ho sakatI hai| prAkarSaNa-vikarSaNoM se haTakara apane meM saMyata rahanA atyaMta kaThina kArya hai| prajJAnI jJAna se vaibhava Adi phala kI abhilASA svAdhyAya ke bala para 'sva' meM vizrAma karane kA abhyAsa rakhate hai| prasRta se viSa-prApti kI icchA karate haiN| sata viSa-prApti kI icchA karate haiN| sat ho sakatA hai| meM asat ko khojate haiN| prajJAna sarpa kI bhA~ti virSalA hai| isake daMzana se kaSAyoM kI aiMThana hotI hai| daMzita cetanA 'sva' ke prati samarpita ho: prANI niviSa hone ke lie saMsAra-rUpI kacce kUpa kA prathama to hameM yahI jJAta nahI ki zarIra ke pAra bhI jala pIne kA upakrama karate hai. parantu viSaya bhogoM kI koI isase vilakSaNa vastu hai| kadAcit prAtmA nAmaka anavarata varSA se tRSNA ke daladala meM phimala-phisala kara vastu kA astitva mAna bhI liyA to usakI pora kI gira jAte haiN| ajJAnI kA sArA puruSArtha padArthAzrita abhiruci jAgI nhiiN| samasta paricaya zarIra va zarIra rahatA hai, jaba ki jJAnI kA puruSArtha prAtmasthita hone ke sambandhI anya padArthoM se hI rahA hai| jo vastu prAja taka lie hotA hai| pratyakSa paricaya me nahI pAI, mana kA mor3a usa bhora hotA kapAya prajJAna meM panapatI hai| vivekapUrvaka jJAna kI nhiiN| yadyapi usakA anubhava hame pratikSaNa ho rahA hai,
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________________ svAdhyAya parama tapa hai 125 tathApi hama usa para dhyAna nahIM dete| dhyAna diye binA svAdhyAya ke prakAra : samIpa me rakhI vastu bhI dUra ho jAtI hai| jaba taka hama svAdhyAya makhyataH pAMca prakAra hai -tattvArthasUtra meM sUtra apane prati pUrNataH samarpita na hoM, taba taka prAnaMdAnubhUti hai vAcanApacchanAnaprekSAmnAya dhrmopdeshH| yathA-vAcanA, asaMbhava hai| pRcchanA, anuprekSA, mAmnAya, dhrmopdesh| vAcanA-vItarAga mArga para agrasara hone me jo graMtha upalabdhiyoM kA sadupayoga anivArya : sahAyaka ho unakA paThana-pAThana karanA vAcanA hai| yaha prAkRtika niyama hai ki prApta vastu kA durupayoga pRcchanA--zakA samAdhAna ke artha vizeSa jJAniyoM se kiyA jAve to kAlAtara me vaha vastu aprApya ho jAtI vinayapUrvaka prazna karanA pRcchanA hai| hai| jJAnArjana kI anukUlatA vartamAna meM prApta hai, usakA anuprekSA adhyayana se jJAta kiye padArthoM kA bAraMbAra samacita lAbha nahI liyA to jJAna-prApti durlabha ho citavana karanA manuprekSA hai| prAtmA jagat ke kSaNajIvI jaaygii| dravyazrata hI bhAvabhuta meM nimitta kAraNa hai| padArthoM se virata ho prAtmaguNo me anurakta hotA hai| hRdaya vItarAgatA se ekarasa ho jAtA hai| svAdhyAya kA mahattva : mAmnAya ---nirdoSa uccAraNa kara pATha ko raTanA tathA svAdhyAya kI acintya mahimA hai| isake AnuSaMgika usa paripATI para calanA prAmnAya hai| phala, Rddhi-siddhi binA prayatna svayameva milate hai| zramaNa dharmopadeza-mokSamArgI dharma kA upadeza denA dharmopasaskRti me gRhastha va sAdhu dono ke Avazyaka SaTkamoM me deza hai| svadhyAya bhI anivArya kama hai| cacala mana ko gati ava- ye pAco svAdhyApa ke aga hai, jJAnavardhana me kAraNa ruddha karane ke lie dhyAna ke pazcAt svAdhyAya hI aimA hai| yathArthataH sva-pradhyayana karanA athavA 'sva' me tanmayatA mahattvapUrNa kArya hai, jahA vibhinnaTAe samApta ho mana, vANI, svAdhyAya kI advitIya kalA kA phala hai| vaktA-zrotA karma samanvita ho jAte hai| saMyama kI prAca me prAtmA ko donoM jJAnArjana ke pavitra abhiprAya hetu svAdhyAya kareM tapAye binA use svabhAva ke anukUla nahIM DhAlA jA karAve / yadi zrotA kutarka kare yA vaktA ke apamAna kA sakatA hai| abhiprAya rakhakara prazna kare to jJAna kI abhivRddhi kA pAvana uddezya naSTa ho jAtA hai, eva baktA apana sammAna, svAdhyAya parama tapa hai: yaza prAdi ke lAlaca se pravacana yA dharmopadeza kare to vaha caitanya mAtmA jisase apane me caitanya ho uThe, arthAt prApya jJAna kA sadupayoga na kara apanI mahAn kSati kara jJAna ke prakAza se jagamagA uThe, vaha tapa hai / tapa ke bAhya rahA hai| prataH saralacitta ho samatA bhAva se svAdhyAya paura abhyaMtara do bheda rUpa haiN| donoM prakAra ke tapa prAtmA kara jJAnavardhana tathA tadanukala jJAnAcaraNa karanA yogya hai| kA anusaraNa karate hai| janma-maraNa ke prasAdhya roga se chuTakArA pAnA ho to tapa ko aMgIkAra karanA hI hogaa| tapa jJAna kI upAdeyatA : se karma zRMkhalA TUTa-TUTakara bikharane lagatI hai| svAdhyAya jJAna upAdeya hai, kyoki vaha savara, nirjarA, mokSa kA parama tapa hai| dravyazrutakA adhyayana svAdhyAya nAmaka bAhyA kAraNa hai| saMsAra meM bhramaNa karAne vAle prAsrava baMdharUpa tama va 'sva' adhyayana kara bhAvazruta (AtmA) kI anubhUti prajJAna kA tathA use samApta karane kA upAya jJAna se hI aMtaraga sapa hai| isase samyagdarzanapUrvaka samyagjJAna samyaka- vidita hotA hai| svAdhyAya-bheda vijJAna kA janaka hai / cAritra kI upalabdhi hotI hai| svAdhyAya kara prAtmazuddhi jJAna prAtma svabhAva hone se pratyeka vyakti jJAna prApti kA kA satata prayAsa honA kAryakArI hai| yadi prAtma-vizuddhi icchuka rahatA hai| yaha bAta alaga hai ki aviveka ke na huI to svAdhyAya kA kyA mUlya ? (zeSa pR0 127 para)
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________________ candrAvatI kI jaina pratimAeM : eka paricayAtmaka sarvekSaNa 10 zrI vinoda rAya bhAratIya kalA ke kSetra meM jaina sAhitya va kalA kA phoTogrApha evaM una para kramAMka DAlane kA kArya rAjasthAna pramukha sthAna hai| isakA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki jaina purAtatva evaM saMgrahAlaya vibhAga, jayapura dvArA pUrNa ho yati va vidvAn prArambha se hI bhAratIya kalA va saMskRti cukA hai| yahAM para zava, zAkta, vaiSNava, jana pratimAyeM ko pASANoM, citrakalA va sAhitya me mUrta rUpa de kara paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdha huI haiN| abhI aura utkhanana kI pariSkRta samAja kI racanA me abhUtapUrva yogadAna kiye haiN| prAvazyakatA hai jisase aneka khaNDaharoM me dabI huI pratibhArata ke pratyeka kSetra, grAma, tahasIla va jilevAra sarvekSaNa mAe~ ajJAna bhUgarbha se bAhara aAvegI jo jaina vAstukalA, kI mAvazyakatA hai jisase ki jaina saMskRti va kalA ke mUrtikalA ke prabhatapUrva namune hoge| jaina graMtha 'tIrthamAlA' prajJAta mArga meM samA rahe navInatama srotoM--zilAlekha, ke anusAra yahA~ para 1800 jaina mandira the / candrAvatI ke tAmrapatra, sAhitya kA patA lagAyA jA ske| isase na sambandha meM katipaya vidvAno ne vahuta hI zodhapUrNa aitikevala jaina kalA, sAhitya va saMskRti ko hI jIvana prApta hAsika sAmagrI kA saMkalana va sampAdana kiyA hai jisame hogA balki mAratIya kalA va sAhitya ke itihAsa me karnala TADa, gorIzakara hIrAcandra projhA, eca. pI. bhI navIna pAyAma jur3eMge / yadyapi rAjasthAna sarakAra apane zAstrI, yU0 pI0 zAha, dazaratha zarmA, ThAkura bhagata siMha, vizeSa prayAsoM se isa dizA me kiye jA rahe kAryoM ko zrI vijaya zaka ra zrIvAstava ityAdi ke nAma pramakha hai| protsAhana de rahI hai tathA rAjasthAna ke pratyeka saMgrahAlaya meM yahA~ para katipaya jaina pratimAno kA paricaya udAharaNArtha mahAvIra kakSa ko sthApanA kI gaI hai, lekina phira bhI isa diyA jA rahA hai| prAzA hai ki zodha vidyArthI isa mora prakAra ke sAMskRtika itihAsa va purAtattva se sambandhita vizeSa dhyAna deMge / ye pratimAyeM madhya kAla kI hai| kAryoM ke sarvekSaNa hetu eka vizeSa prakoSTha kI sthApanA kI 1. paMjIyana kramAka sI.6 jaina caturvizati tIrthakara jAnI cAhie aura isa hetu eka maNDala kI sthApanA honI -- isa pratimA me caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ko utkIrNa kiyA cAhie tathA eka nizcita dhanarAzi kI bhI vyavasthA kI gayA hai| yaha 11vI-12vI zatAbdI kI hai| sapheda saMgajAnI caahie| isase zodhArthI protsAhita hoMge maura zodha maramara se nirmita isa pratimA kA sAija 24 iMca 15 ke kSetra meM naye-naye adhyAya juDate rheNge| vizva ke kalA ica hai / itihAsa me jaina vAstukalA, mUrtikalA, citrakalA evaM 2. paMjIyana kramAka sI-76, mastaka vihIna jaina sAhitya kA pramukha sthAna hai| tIrthakara pratimA- isake vakSa para zrIvatsa cihna vidyamAna hai| isakI pahacAna zItalanAtha se kI jAtI hai| yaha lekhaka I. san 1968 se 1972 taka rAjakIya sapheda saMgamaramara kI hai| isakA sAija 22 iMca 424 saMgrahAlaya, mAuNTa mAbU meM kAryarata rahA / AbU roDa relave iMca hai / nigeTiva nambara 4672 (pii-2)| sTezana se 6 ki.mI. dUra bhAba roDa-mahamadAbAda relave lAina 3. pajIyana kramAMka sI-78, jaina pratimA kA siMhApara sthita jilA sirohI, tahasIla pAbU roDa meM candrAvatI sana-siMhAsana para siMha va gaja aMkita hai| isa para nAmaka prAcIna grAma hai jisake khaNDahara prAja bhI vidyamAna 11vI-12vI zatAbdI kA devanAgarI lipi meM lekha bhI hai| khaNDaharoM meM sthita pratimAmoM kI sUcI banAne kA utkIrNa hai| isakA sAija 16 ica X13 ica hai| nigesaubhAgya mujhe prApta humA hai| adhikAza pratimAmoM ke Tiva nambara 4670 (pI 2) /
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________________ candrAvatI ko jana pratimAeM : eka paricayAtmaka sarvekSaNa 127 4. paMjIyana kramAMka sI-119, jana pratimA kA siMhA- 10 iMca 424 iMca hai| nigevi nambara vI 600 sana-isake nicale bhAga meM gaja-siMha aMkita haiN| madhya me (pI 10) / zatadala kamala va vRSabha akita haiN| yaha sapheda saMgamaramara 6. paMjIyana kramAMka sI-145, prAsanastha jaina tIrthakI hai| isakA sAija 10 iMca 424 iMca hai| nigeTiva Gkara-caturbhajI yaha pratimA khaMDita avasthA meM hai| yaha nambara bI 566 (pI 10) / saleTI patthara kI hai| isakA sAIja 30 ica-16 ica 5. paMjIyana kramAMka sI-120, jaina pratimA kA siMhA- hai| nigeTiva nambara e bI bI 616 (pI 12) / sana--isa para bhI gaja-siMha aGkita hai| isake madhya meM 7. paMjIyana kramAMka sI-176, jana pratimA kA paripAsanastha devI pratimA hai jisake nIce zatadala kamala kara-yaha saleTI patthara kI hai| isakA sAija 21 iMcax aGkita hai| yaha sapheda saMgamaramara ko hai aura isakA sAija 25 iMca hai| nigeTiva nambara bI 636 (po 14) / [100 (pRSTha 125 kA zeSAMSa) saMskAro se yukta viSayAnurakta prANI niSprayojana adhyayana vikAsa honA cAhie / samyagjJAna hone para sAmagrI ke me nirata rahatA hai| prAtmAnurAgI yathArtha dizA me gati- sAnnidhya meM jJAnI unmatta nahIM hotA evaM bhaneka sAMsArika zIla hotA hai to vahI jJAna samyagjJAna bana vyakti ko prabhAvo ke hote hue bhI vaha parama zAti kA anubhava karatA avalabana de bhava pAra karA detA hai| jJAna dukha se nivRtti hai| isakA eka hI kAraNa hai vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha jJAna / karA sukha sAgara meM avagAhana karAtA hai| jimane svadravya, apanI prAtmA va anya cetana-pracetana rUpa ruDhivAda, adhavizvAsoM ke ghere se nikala, vijJAna ke para dravya ke svarUpa ko jJAna ke dvArA pratyakSa kara liyA camatkAro para mugdha na ho, samyagjJAna ke dvArA sva para hai vaha zAzvana ko choDa prazAzvata ko grahaNa karane kI kalyANa kI madbhAvanA jana-jana ke mana meM jaga jAye to abhilASA kyo karegA? aura jaba icchA hI nahI hogI yuddha kI gati avaruddha kI jA sakatI hai| to vyAkulatA kA phira kauna-sA kAraNa hai ? vyagratA kA prabhAva ho to pAnada hai / jahA~ mAnada hai vahAM zAMti hai| kRpayA dhyAna deM: __ mana ko jhiMjhoDane vAlA prajJAna caina nahIM lene detaa| jaina samAja apanI Ane vAlI naI pIr3hI para dhyAna de, ajJAna dUra ho eva ghaTa-ghaTa me jJAna jyoti pradIpta hokara jo usakI uttarAdhikAriNI hai, uttarottara prAcAra-vicAra jagamagAye / sadjJAna ke prabhAva meM vyakti DhUMTha ke sadRza hIna hotI jA rahI hai| samAja mandiro ke nava-nirmANa hai jo phala-phala-patrAdi ke prabhAva meM korA hI raha jAtA ko roka, jJAna kI upAsanA hetu jJAna mandiroM kA nirmANa hai| yadi hama naI pIr3hI ko jJAna kI hariyAlI na de sake kre| vahAM jJAna-dAna kI sundara vyavasthA ho| alpa- to samAja me janadarzana ke vidvAn zUnyavat raha jaayeNge| vayaska vAlakoM se lekara samAja kA pratyeka vyakti unameM vyakti ko adhyAtmika jJAna kI nitAta mAvazyakatA hai, adhyayana kara ske| jJAna kalyANakAraka hai / prataH jJAna kA prataH svAdhyAya anivArya hai| 000 mokSa kA mAge rayaNatayaM Na vaTTA appANaM mayata aNNadaviyammi / samhA tattiyamaiyo hovi mokkhAssa kAraNaM mAvA / / -nemicanda sivAnta cakravartI ratnatraya pAsmA ko chor3akara anya dravya meM nahIM hotA hai, isalie usa ratnatraya sahita prAtmA hI nizcaya se mokSakA maaghai|
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________________ kalacurikAlIna jaina zilpa-sampadA - DaoN. zivakumAra nAmadeva rAjanItika dRSTikoNa se prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa me mAe~ milI hai| inameM prAdinAtha kI pratimAeM sarvAdhika ra narezo kA vaiziSTayapUrNa sthAna hai| chaThI zatI I0 hai| ye kArItalAI, tevara, mallAra, ratanapUra mAdi se se lekara aThArahavI zatI I0 taka ina narezo ne bhArata ke prApta huI hai| uttara prathavA dakSiNa kisI na kisI bhU-bhAga para zAsana AdinAtha kI 6 phuTa U~cI eka pratimA kAtilAI kiyaa| bhAratIya itihAsa ke atIta ko gauravayukta banAne se prApta huI hai| yaha 10-11vI sadI I0 kI hai| ise me ina narezoM ne mahattvapUrNa yogadAna kiyA hai| isa kAla eka ucca caukI para padamAsana meM dhyAnastha avasthA meM kI hindu bauddha evaM jana devI-devatAnoM tathA sura-sundariyo dikhAyA gayA hai| durbhAgya se isa pratimA kA mastaka dakSiNa kI mUrtiyA kalApUrNa hai| hasta evaM vAyA~ ghuTanA khaMDita hai / hRdaya para zrIvatsa kA yadyapi adhikAza kalacuri zAsaka zaiva matAnuyAyI the, pratIya evaM mastaka ke pIche prabhAvamaNDala hai| prabhAvamaNDala parantu unhone eka Adarza hindU nRpati kI bhaoNti dhArmika ke Upara eka sundara vica hai| usake donoM pAzcoM meM svataMtratA kI nIti kA anugamana kiyaa| unake udAra eka-eka mahAvatayukna hasti utkIrNa hai| unake para evaM lokonmukhI dRSTikoNa se rAjya me hindU, bauddha evaM dundubhika evaM hastiyoM ke nIce yugala vidyAdhara haiM, jo jaina dharma svataMtra rUpa me pallavita hue| yahI kAraNa hai ki nabhamArga se puSpavRSTi kara rahe haiM / vidyAdharo ke nIce dono jahA~ kalacuri narezo dvArA saMrakSita dharma kI mUrtiyA~ evaM pAzvoM meM bhagavAn ke paricAraka saudharmendra evaM IzAnenda dvAthoM devAlaya prApta hote hai vahA~ janadharma kI pratimAnoM kA bhI meM ca~vara liye khaDe hai| bAhulya hai| pratimA kI alaMkRta caukI para bhagavAn RSabhanAtha vivecya yugIna jaina zilpakalA se sambandhita sundara kA lAchana vRpabha citrita hai| vRSabha ke nIce aura caukI evaM bhAvayukta mUrtiyoM madhyapradeza ke jabalapura, vilAsapUra, ke ThIka madhya meM dharmacakra tathA usake donoM ora eka-eka siMha hai| siMhAsana ke dAhine pArva meM zAsanadeva gomukha rAyapura, rIvA, zahaDola mAdi jiloM se upalabdha huI hai| eva vAma pArzva meM zAsanadevI cakrezvarI lalitAsana mudrA meM ye pratimAeM isa bAta kI sAkSI hai ki vivecya kAla meM ina bhUbhAgo para jainadharma kA vyApaka prabhAva thaa| isI sthala se prApta RSabhanAtha kI anya pratimAeM kalacurikAlIna jana pratimAmoM ko hama pratimAzAstrIya uparivaNita pratimA kI hI mA~ti hai / eka pratimA 3 phuTa adhyayana ke dRSTikoNa se cAra bhAgo me vibhakta kara sakate 6 iMca UMcI hai aura usake siMhAsana para siMhoM ke jor3e haiM-(1) tIrthakara pratimAe~, (2) zAsanadeviyoM, (3) zruta ke sAtha hastiyoM kA bhI eka jor3A pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| deviyAM, (4) anya citraNa / kArItalAI kI RSabhanAtha kI ye pratimAe~ zveta balUye tIrthakara pratimAe~ prastara kI hai| kalacari kAla kI upalabdha tIrthakara pratimAeM prAsana jabalapura ke hanumAnatAla ke kinAre sthita digambara evaM sthAnaka donoM mudrAmoM meM hai| tIrthaMkaroM kI svatantra jaina maMdira meM RSabhadeva kI eka pratIva sundara pratimA pratimAnoM ke atirikta dvitIthika pratimAeM bhI milI hai| surakSita hai| yaha mUti tripurI se lAI gaI hai| prAdinAtha prAsana matiyAM-tIrthaMkaroM kI prAsana pratimAoM meM kI yaha pratimA padmAsanastha hai / yaha parikara yukta hai tathA mAdinAtha, candraprabha, zAMtinAtha evaM mahAvIra kI hI prati- isako prabhAmaNDala kI rekhAeM prati sUkSma haiN| prabhAmaNDala
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________________ kalacurikAlIna jaina zilpa-saMpadA 126 ke madhya meM chatra-dagaDa hai| chava-danDa ke Upara vartuMlAkAra pratimA dhubelA sagrahAlaya meM hai| dhyAna mudrA me avasthita vichatra hai jo lagabhaga 2 phuTa 8 iMca UMcA hai| isake isa pratimA ke mastaka ke Upara eka chatra hai| chatra ke donoM Udhrva bhAga meM vaibhava ke pratIka do hastI abhiSeka karate aura eka-eka hasti tathA unake Upara tIrthakaroM kI pratihue dikhAge gaye hai| hastiyo ke zUrpakarNa ke raThe hue bhAga, mAe he| ye laghu tIrthakara pratimAe~ saMkhyA me 22 haiM, inameM unake gAla kI vicI huI rekhAye eva cakSu ke Upara kA pArzvanAtha eva mahAvIra kA aMkana nahIM hai| pAdapITha para khicAva kalA kI uccatA ke dyotaka hai| parikara para hasti unakA lAMchana zaMkha hai| yakSa-patI (gomeSa evaM aMbikA) padama para prAdhata hai| chatra ke nIce dono pAvoM meM yakSa kA yathAsthAna prakana hai| evaM cAra apsarAe~ gagana-vihAra karatI huI akita hai| tripurI meM neminAtha kI eka khaMDita pratimA prApta huI puSpadhArI gadharva kA aMkana bhI sundara hai| paricAraka ke hai| kintu avaziSTa bhAga isakI pahacAna ke lie paryApta nIce dono pAvoM meM nAriyo kI khar3I mUrtiyA~ hai jinake hai| isame bAyI ora puruSa (yakSa) aura dAyI aura strI praga-pratyaMga grAbhUSaNo se alaMkRta hai| (yakSI) tathA madhya meM eka vRkSa kI DAla para dharmacakra ke kAlacarikAlIna saparikara padmAsanastha jina pratimAnA samAna golAkAra prAkRti utkIrNa hai| yakSa-yakSI ke vibhinna meM yaha rhe| gilpa kI dRSTi meM itanA sundara aura aMgo para surucipUrNa prAbhUSaNa haiN| grAma ke do pattoM ke bIca utkRSTa parikara anyatra durlabha hai| aSTapratihArya, yakSa- caukInamA grAsana para bhagavAna neminAtha dhyAnastha: yakSiNI, upAgava dampani eva navagraho jaige jainakalA meM prora khaDgAmanastha evaM dhyAnastha jina mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa haiN| gAdhAraNata gAye jAne vAle tatvoM ke mAtha-sAtha mUrtikAra kalAtmaka dRSTi se yaha pratimA usa samaya kI utkRSTa jaina ne imame kucha ajaina tattvoM kA bhI gamAveza kiyA hai| pratimAno me hai / mukha-mudrA mugdhatA, naisargika saundarya evaM dvitIya tIrthakara ajitanAtha kI pratimAeM gavAM evaM sajIvatA meM prota-prota hai aura zilpI ke pariniSThita mihapura (zahaDola) sa upalabdha huI hai| iname tIrthakara koThAla kI Tota ko dhyAna mudrA meM dikhalAyA gayA hai| mastaka ke pIche prabhA bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI pratimAe~ anya tIrthakaroM kI bhaNDala eva viyakti kA pratIka (icchA, jJAna evaM kriyA) tulanA meM sarvAdhika hai| ye pratimAe~ praDamAra, mallAra trichatra hai| prArAna ke nIce pAdapITha para unakA lAchana (vilAmapura), kArItalAI (jabalapura), sihapura (zahaDola) hasti tathA yajJa-yakSI (mahAyakSa va rohiNI) aMkita hai| evaM zahapurA (maNDalA) Adi sthaloM se prApta huI hai| grATave nIrthakara candraprabha kI pratimA ratanapura se upalabdha pratimAno me kArItalAI se prApta tathA mahanta upalabdha huI hai / yaha bhI dhyAnamudrA meM hai / mastaka ke pIche ghAsIgama saMgrahAlaya, rAyapura meM maMgahIta eka pratimA 3 phuTa prAbhAmaNDala evaM vichatra hai| trichatra ke Upara dudubhika 6 iMca U~cI hai| pArzvanAtha pratimA kA yaha caturviMzati aMkita hai| chatra ke donoM pAvoM meM erAvata hasti tathA paTa hai : isameM mUlanAyaka pArzvanAtha ko dhyAnastha avasthA hasti ke nIce puSpamAlAe~ liye vidyAdhara aMkita haiN| me dikhAyA gayA hai| unake netra animIlita haiM tathA tIrthakara ke dakSiNa pArzva meM saudharmendra evaM vAma pAzva meM unakI daSTi nAsAgra para sthita hai| unakI ThahI nukIlI, IzAnendra haiN| kIrtimukha yukta pAdapITha para unakA lAMchana kAna lambe eva keza ghaMgharAle evaM uSNISabaddha hai / hRdaya para candra tathA zrAvaka-zrAvikA haiN| candraprabha ke yakSa-yakSI zrIvatma cihnAkita hai| (zyAma eva jvAlAmAlinI) kA yathAsthAna aMkana hai| pArzvanAtha ko sarpa para virAjamAna dikhAyA gayA hai / __ zAtinAtha kI 12vI sadI I0 ko eka pratimA sarpa kI paMcha nIce laTaka rahI hai tathA usakA saptakaNa chatra jabalapura saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita he / pAdapITha para do siMhoM tIrthaMkara ke mastaka ke Upara chAyA kiye hue hai| saptaphaNa ke madhya meM unakA lAMchana hiraNa aMkita hai| yakSa garur3a chatra ke Upara kalpadruma ke laTakate hue patte aura unake aura yakSI mahAmAnasI bhI aMkita kiye gae haiN| Upara daMdabhika haiN| phaNa ke donoM ora mahAvatayukta gaja bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kI 10vIM sadI kI eka utkIrNa hai| mahAvatoM ke zIrSa bhAga khaMDita haiN| gajakoM
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________________ 130, varSa 31, kiraNa 3-4 anekAMta nIne donoM pAvoM meM eka-eka vidyAdhara puSpamAlA vAraNa haiM jo trizakti kA pratIka hai| trichatra meM motiyoM kI pA~ca kiye hae haiM / tIrthaMkara ke dAyeM-bAyeM saudharmendra evaM IzAnendra laTakaneM haiM jo paMcatattvoM se pare trikAla jJAna kI paricAyaka caMvara dhAraNa kiye hA khaDe hai| pratimA ke tIna prora kI hai| trichatra ke nIce sRSTi ke pratIka tIna padmoM se gumphita paTTiyo para anya tIrthakaroM kI laghu prAkRtiyA~ haiM / dAhinI trichatra hai| mastaka ke pIche aAkarSaka prabhAmaNDala dharmacakra ora kI paTTI para hai evaM bAI pora kI paTTI para 8 pratimAe ke rUpa me hai| hai| zeSa 6 tIrthakaroM kI pratimAeM Upara kI prADI paTTI para sthAnaka mUrtiyA~- kalacurikAlIna tIrthaMkaro kI sthAnirmita thI, jo aba khaMDita ho gaI haiN| isa prakAra mUla- naka pratimAe~ alpa mAtrA meM prApta huI hai| upalabdha pratinAyaka ko milAkara isame 24 tIrthakara hai| pratimA kI mAtroM meM zAtinAtha kI do evaM mahAvIra kI eka pratimA caukI para do siMho ke madhya me dharmacakra hai| siMhoM ke pAsa hai| kArItalAI se tIrthakara kI eka anya pratimA upalabdha dharaNandra eva padmAvatI baiThe hai| unake mastaka para bhI sarpa- huI hai parantu lAchana ke abhAva meM usakI pahacAna saMbhava phaNa hai| yaha pratimA 10.11vI sadI I0 kI hai| nahI hai| jainadharma ke antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI kArItalAI se prApta zAtinAtha kI eka pratimA lagabhaga prAmana pratimAeM kArItalAI eva lakhanAdauna (sivanI) se 3 phuTa 7 ica U~cI hai| yaha kAyotgarga mudrA meM khar3I hai| prApta huI hai| kArItalAI se prApta pratimA me tIrthakara pratimA kA mastaka khaMDita hai| hRdaya para zrIvatma kA cihna, siMhAsana para dhyAnastha baiTha hai / unake keza dhuMgharAle tathA mastaka ke pIche prabhAmaNDala, mastaka ke Upara vichatra evaM uSNISabaddha hai tathA hRdaya para zrIvatma cihna akita hai| puSpamAlApo se yukta vidyAdhara tathA tIrthaMkara ke dAyeM-bAye pratimA kA tejomaNDalayukta UparI bhAga tathA vAma pArzva paricAraka indra Adi hai| pAdapITha para inakA lAchana mRga khaMDita hai| tIrthakara ke dakSiNa pAca kI paTTI para unake utkIrNa hai / caukI para yakSa-yakSI (garuDa aura mahAmAnamI) paricArika saudharmendra khar3e hai tathA anya tIrthakaro kI cAra hai| padmAsanastha pratimAe hai| ucca caukI ke madhya meM dhamacakra baharIbaMda me prApta pratimA 13 phITa UMcI hai / sthAnIya ke Upara mahAvIra kA lAchana siha akina hai| lAhana ke loga isa vanagrA deva ke nAma se pUjate hai| zyAma pASANa donoM pAzvoM me "ka-eka miha citrita hai| dharmacakra ke nIce meM nirmita isa pratimA para ka lava hai jisakA bhAvArtha yaha eka strI leTI huI hai jisake caraNoM meM paDheM rahane kA prAbhAsa hai ki yaha pratimA mahAgAmaMtAdhipati golhaNa deva rAThora ke hotA hai| mahAvIra kA yakSa mAtaMga ajalibaddha paDA hai kintu samaya me banI, jo kalacuri rAjA gayakarNadeva ke adhIna vahA~ yakSI siddhAyikA cavara liye hue hai / dono ora pUjaka bhI kA zAsaka thaa| gayakarNa kA kAla 12vI sadI I0 hai / pradazita kiye gae hai| ata: isa pratimA kA kAla 12vI sadI I0 humA / kalacurikAlIna lakhanAdauna se prApta mahAvIra kI isa bhagavAn mahAvIra ko 4 phuTa 4 iMca 41 phuTa 6 ica pratimA ke gucchakoM ke rUpa meM pradarzita kezavinyAsa uSNISa- prAkAra ko eka pratimA jabalapura se prApta huI hai jo mAjabaddha hai| unakI dRSTi nAsikA ke agrabhAga para sthita hai| kala philADelphiyA myujiyama grApha pArTa saMgrahAlaya meM hai| prazAta nayana, sundara bhauhe, anUThI nAsikA ke nIce manda- 10vIM sadI I0 me nirmita zyAma bAdAmI balumA prastara se smita proSTha me aisA pratIta hotA hai mAno bhagavAn mahAvIra nirmita mahAvIra kI yaha nagna pratimA kAyotsarga mudrA meM kI pramRtavANI jaise sphuTita honA hI cAhatI hai| sugaThita hai| hRdaya para zrIvatsa cihna aMkita hai| mUrti ke nIce do cibuka, cehare kI bhavyatA evaM garimApUrNa racanAkuzala laghu pAzvarakSaka evaM unake sAmane eka-eka bhakta ghuTane ke zilpI ke sadhe hAtho kI paricAyaka hai| pratimA ke karNa bhAra para baiThe haiN| mahavIra ke zIrSa ke pratyeka pArzva para lambe hai jina para aMkita karNaphUla prati zobhAyamAna ho rahe garva kA prakana hai| tIrthakara mastaka ke Upara vichatra hai| hai| grIvA kI virekhA, samyakadarzana, samyakajJAna eva samyaka chatra ke kinAre do hasti aMkita haiN| mUrti meM maMkita siMha caritra ko pradarzita karatI hai| sabase Urdhva bhAga para vichatra ke kAraNa yaha pratimA mahAvIra kI jAta hotI hai|
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________________ kalacurikAlIna jaina zilpa saMpadA dvitIpika pratimAe~-kalacurikAlIna tIrthaMkara prati- ke Upara sthita prAmravRkSa vAlA bhAga khaMDita hai / pratimA mAnoM kI prAsana evaM sthAnaka mudrA meM dvitIthika pratimAeM kA kezavinyAsa sundara hai| sarvAbharaNa bhUSita isa pratimA bhI haiN| inameM sthAnaka pratimAe~ adhika haiN| adhikAMza prati- ke donoM pAvoM meM eka-eka paricArikAeM khaDI haiM / dakSiNa mAeM kArIlAI se prApta huI haiM tathA ve zveta balupA pArzva kI paricArikA apane vAma hasta meM pradhovastra pakaDe prastara se nirmita hai| hai, usake dakSiNa hasta meM sambhavata: padama hai| pratimA vijJAna kArItalAI se prApta dvirtIthika pratimAe~ kalA kI dRSTi kI dRSTi se yaha mUrti 10vIM sadI kI jJAta hotI hai| se utkRSTa hai| inameM se pratyeka meM do-do tIrthakara kAyotsarga tevara ke bAlasAgara nAmaka sarovara ke madhya meM sthita eka athavA dhyAna mudrA meM akita haiN| unakI dRSTi nAsikA ke prAdhunika maMdira me eka utkRSTa abhilikhita zilApaTTa suraagra bhAga para kendrita hai| tIrthakoM ke sAtha aSTapratihAryoM kSita hai| yaha alaMkRta stambho dvArA tIna kakSo meM vibhakta ke atirikta unake zAsanadevo tathA lAMchana kA akana hai| hai| madhyavartI kakSa meM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI caturmana upalabdha pratimAeM RSabhanAtha evaM ajitanAtha, yakSI padamAvatI padamAmana me mAmIna hai| usake UparI donoM ajitanAtha evaM saMbhavanAtha, puSpadaMta evaM zItalanAtha, dharmanAtha hAthoM me sanAla padma aura bAeM nicale hAtha me pUrNa kalaza eva zAtinAtha, mallinAtha eva munisuvratanAtha tathA pAzrvanAtha hai| nicalA dAyAM hAtha abhaya mudrA meM hai| mastaka ke Upara eva neminAtha kI hai| sAta phaNoM se yukta nAga utkIrNa hai jo pAzrvanAtha kA zAsanadeviyA~ lAMchana hai| zeSa do kakSo meM vividha prAyudha lie caturbhajI yakSiNiyA utkIrNa hai| nicale bhAga para 10vI zatI IsavI kalacuri kalA meM jaina zAsanadeviyoM kI pratimAe~ sthA kI nAgarI meM 'zrI vIranandi prAcAryana pratimAyA karApitA' naka eva prAsana dono mudrAmo me prApta huI hai| lekha utkIrNa hai| isase patA calatA hai ki isa paTTa kA prAsana pratimAeM -prAsana pratimAmo meM avikA,, nirmANa prAcArya vIranandi ne karAyA thaa| cakrezvarI, evaM padmAvatI kI pratimAeM pramukha hai / inake sohAgapura kI do mUrtiyo me me prathama mUti sUpAvaM atirikta sohAgapura (zahaDola) se kucha anya zAsanadeviyoM athavA bhagavAn pAzrvanAtha (kalikA yA padmAvatI) se kI mUrtiyA~ prApta huI hai jinakA samIkaraNa lAMchana ke prabhAva sabaMdhita hai kyoki devI ke mastaka para virAjita jina meM saMbhava nahI hai| pratimA ke mastaka ke Upara sapaMchatra hai| devI ke mastaka para devI aMbikA tIrthakara neminAtha kI yakSiNI hai| yaha bhI sarpachatra hai| dvAdazabhUjI isa pratimA ke vAmahasto me siMhArUr3ha evaM hAtho meM prAmraguccha, puSpaguccha, zizu evaM cakra, vajra, parazu, agi, gara tathA chaThA hasta varadamudrA meM aMkaza lie haye citrita kI jAtI hai| isake mAmraguccha pradarzita hai| dakSiNa hasto me dhanu, aMkuza, pAza, daMDa, padma pratIka ke kAraNa hI ise pAmrAdevI kahA jAtA hai| tathA eka hAtha khaMDita hai| ___kalacarikAlIna ambikA kI pratimAno meM rAyapura sthAnaka pratimAeM-jaina zAsana devI kI sthAnaka pratisaMgrahAlaya meM saMrakSita, kArItalAI se prApta pratimA mAe~ alpamAtrA meM milI hai| iname kArItalAI se prApta kalAtmaka dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| saphada choTedAra rakta tathA rAyapUra saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita avikA kI pratimA balamA prastara se nirmita yaha pratimA lalitAsana mudrA me mahattvapUrNa hai| siMhArUr3ha hai| ambikA kA vAhana siMha hI hai / dvibhujI isa abikAdevI pAmravRkSa ke nIce eka sAdI caukI para pratimA ke dAhine hAtha me pAmralumbi hai evaM bAyeM hAtha se vaha trimaMgamadrA meM khaDI hai| dvibhujI pratimA ke dAhine hAtha apane kaniSTha putra priyazaMkara ko pakar3e hue hai| priyazakara me prAmralubi hai evaM bAeM hAtha me vaha kaniSTha putra priyazaMkara usakI goda meM baiThA huprA hai| ambikA kA jyeSTha putra ko goda meM uThAye hai, jyeSTha putra zubhazakara paMge ke nikaTa zubhaMkara apanI mAtA ke dAhine pAda ke nikaTa baiThA humA khar3A hai| grAmravRkSa para nepinAtha kI choTI-mI padmAsanastha hai| ambikA kA muskarAtA humA mukha saudaryapUrNa hai| mastaka pratimA hai| vRkSa ke dono pora khar3Ika eka vidyAdharI
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________________ 132, varSa 30, kiraNa 12 anekAMta puSpavRSTi karatI dikhAI gaI hai| yakSiNI kA vAhana siMha aMkita haiN| sabhI jinapratimAe~ padmAsanastha haiM tathA ve usake pairoM ke pIche hai| sahasra kI sakhyA meM hai| sabhI ke mastaka ke pIche padmAkRti evaM tejomaMDala hai| bhuta deviyA~ kalacurikAlIna mUrtiyoM ke samasta udAharaNoM kA jaina devI-devatAmoM meM jJAna kI adhiSThAtrI sarasvatI sarvekSaNa vaha siddha karatA hai ki inake rUpAyana meM zilpakAro ra devI kA viziSTa sthAna hai| digambara saMpradAya ke anusAra ne sunizcita paramparA aura mAnya pratimAlakSaNa kA pranaisakA vAhana mayUra evaM zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke anusAra ___DAhala kSetra kI kalA uccakoTi kI hai| mahAkozaka kalacuri kalA me zruta-deviyoM kI pratimAe~ atyalpa kI kalA ge ratanapura kSetra kI kalA meM rUvivAditA adhika haiN| kArItalAI se sarasvatI kI eka mUrti milI hai jo evaM maulikatA kama hai| yahA~ kI kalA me hame maulikatA maulika rAyapura sagrahAlaya me surakSita hai| pratimA atyanta khaDita evaM cAsnA tathA bhAvAbhivyakti ke va me darzana nahI hote .. hai| devI kA mastaka aura hAtha khaDita hai / prabhAmaNDala pUrNa jaise tripurI evaM usake nikaTavartI kSetro kI kalA meM hote evaM spaSTa hai| lalitAsanArUDha devI ke tana para vibhinna hai| prAbhUSaNa haiM / caturmajI devI ke dakSiNa nicale evaM vAma dakSiNa kogala ke gilpI eka vizeSa prakAra ke kAle Urdhva hasta me vINA hai| donoM pora vidyAdhara hai| prastara kA prayoga karate the| yahAM kI mUrtiyo ke proSTha pUrvapikSA lambe aura patale hai| mukhamaNDala kI golAI aura anya citraNa lambAI ke mAna me bhI antara milatA hai| isake antargata sarvatobhadrikA va sAsa jinabimba kA tripurI zailI kI apanI kucha vizeSatAeM hai jaise-mati varNana kiyA gayA hai| eka sarvatobhadrikA pratimA kAgatalAI kA mukhamaNDala gola na hokara aDAkAra hai| ThaDaDI kucha se prApta huI haiN| isakA zIrpa bhAga zikharayukta hai tathA ubharI aura nakalI hai| bhauho, palako eva nAsikA se graMkana isake cAroM pora eka-eka tIrthakara padmAsana meM dhyAnastha me vRcha nukIlApana hai / poSTha, bakSasthala, kaTipradeza ityAdi baiThe haiN| cAra tIrthakaro me se kevala pAzrthanAtha hI spaSTa- ke akana me kalAkAra ne sUkSma dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai| rUpeNa pahicAne jA sakate hai| anya tIna sambhavata vivecya yugIna zilpakalA meM yadyapi rUpa-ramyatA ke RSabhanAtha, neminAtha evaM mahAvIra hai, kyoki sarvatobhadrikA ke sAtha sAmAnya se sAmAnya bAto ko prakaTa karane kA pUrNa pratimAno me cAra viziSTa tIrthakaro ke citraNa kI hI prayatna kiyA gayA hai tathApi isa mUrtikalA para guptakAlIna paramparA hai| kalA kA prabhAva nizcita rUpa se dRSTigocara hAtA hai| rAyapura sagrahAlaya meM kArItalAI se prApta eka stabhA- kalacurikAlIna jaina pratimAno me cadelo kI apekSA adhika kRti zilpakhaNDa para sahasra jinabimba utkIrNa hai / yaha na saukumArya, uttama agavinyAsa eva sundara bhAvo kI abhigrantho me vaNita sahasrakuTa jinacaityAlaya kA pratIka hai| vyakti ke sAtha-sAtha zarIragata eva bhAgavata lakSaNa utkRSTa isake cAroM pora choTI-choTI bahuta-sI jina pratimAe~ hai| kalA me maulikatA ke darzana bhI hote hai / F
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________________ vizAlakItiracita prakriyAsAra kaumudI 0 zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, bIkAnera jaina sAhitya prapanI vizAlatA aura vividhatA kI dRSTi saMskRta-prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA nAmaka se bhAratIya sAhitya meM bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA mahattvapUrNa grantha prakAzita huA hai| usame jaina saMskRta hai kyoMki jaina dharmAnuyAiyoM kI saMkhyA vaidika sanAtanI vyAkaraNa grathoM para kaI vidvAnoM ke nibandha chape haiN| isa hindunoM kI apekSA bahuta kama hai| itanI alpa saMkhyA vAle grantha ke pRSTha 127 me sArasvata vyAkaraNa kI TIkAtroM meM jaina samAja kA itanA vizAla sAhitya nirmANa aura saMra- prakriyA vRni kA paricaya dete hue DA. jAnakI prasAda kSaNa bahuta hI ullekhanIya rahA hai / jainoM kA prAthamika dvivedI ne likhA hai : "kharataragacchI muni vizAlakIti ne sAhitya prAkRta bhASA me hai / vikrama kI pahalI-dusarI satrahavI zatI me prakriyAvRtti kI racanA kI, bIkAnera me zatAbdI meM jaina vidvAno ne saMskRta me bhI likhanA prArambha zrI agaracada nAhaTA ke saMgraha meM isakI hastalikhita kiyA, para yaha bahuta hI ullekhanIya hai ki jainoM kA prAtha- prati hai|" mika saMskRta sAhitya bhI bahata prauha hai| mahAmanA umA- DA0 jAnakIpramAda dvivedI ko isa racanA kI koI svAti, siddhagena, samantabhadrAdi racita saMskRta sAhitya prati nahIM milI, isIliye kevala itanA-sA ullekha kisI imakA prabala pramANa hai| isake do pradhAna kAraNa hai| pahalA anya prAdhAra se kara diyaa| jaba kAlagaNI zatAbdI kA to yaha hai ki bahuta se jainAcArya aura vidvAn brAhmaNa prAyojana ho rahA thA, taba saradArazahara ke DA0 chaganalAlajI paramparA se pAye, ata. saMskRta bhASA para unakA acchA zAstrI ne mujhase pUchA ki sArakaumudI nAmaka jaina vyAkaraNa adhikAra rhaa| dumarA kAraNa hai samakAlIna vidvAno se grantha kI kyA Apako jAnakArI hai ? to maine unhe apane Takkara lenA / kAraNa, isa samaya kA vAtAvaraNa dArzanika saMgraha kI vizAlakItiracita prakriyAsArakaumudI kI pratiyoM viSayoM para gaMbhIra carcA va rAjasabhAtroM meM pratiSThA prAptyartha kA vivaraNa bheja diyaa| saskRta bhApA va jainetara sAhitya para bhI acchA adhikAra prAcArya tulasI ne kAlagaNi ke jIvanavRtta ke pRSTha honA Avazyaka thaa| 41 para likhA hai ki pAryavara (kAlUgaNi) ne yaha anubhava vizva me saMskRta ke samAna vyAkaraNAdi kI daSTi se kiyA ki siddhAntacandrikA kA pUrvArddha aparyApta hai| sAra. koI bhI bhASA itanI prauDha aura samRddha nahI hai| pANinI svata kA uttarArddha bhI aparyApta hai| ata: ve apane ziSyoM ko vyAkaraNa ke bAda to saskRta bahuta custa va kaDe niyamo me sArasvata kA pUrvArdha aura siddhAntacaMdrikA kA uttarArdha prAbaddha ho gaI, vadika samkRta se kucha alaga-sI par3a gii| paDhAte the| kucha varSoM bAda unake mana meM isakA vikalpa saskRta bhASA meM sAhitya racanA karane ke sAtha-sAtha jaina khojane kI preraNA jAgI / prayatna zurU huaa| muni maganamala vidvAno ko vyAkaraNa, koga Adi viSayaka grantha banAnA jI bahuta dUradarzI, mUkSmavuddhi ke dhanI the / ve yatiyo ke bhI prAvazyaka ho gayA, ataH sarvaprathama jainendra vyAkaraNa, upAzraya me jAte, unake pustaka bhaDAra dekhate aura jo hastaphira zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI racanA pUjyavAda aura zAkaTA- likhita grantha prApta hote, unheM le paate| unhoMne hastayana dvArA huI / jaina vyAkaraNa grantha kI pUrNatA kalikAla- likhita graMthoM kA mahattvapUrNa saMgraha kiyaa| unameM aneka sarvajJa prAcArya hemacandra dvArA haI / vaise choTe-bar3e saikar3o durlabha grantha haiM / lipi-sauMdarya kI dRSTi se bhI ve bahata grantha jaina vidvAno ne vyAkaraNa viSayaka likhe hai| unameM kucha mahattvapUrNa haiM / kucha zrAvako ne bhI yatiyoM ke pustaka bhaMDAro to jainetara vyAkaraNa grantho kI TIkAgrI ke rUpa me hai aura se aneka grantha khriide| isa prakAra jaina sAdhumo aura zrAvako kucha maulika hai| isa viSaya me katipaya jaina vidvAno ke ke pAsa hastalikhita granthoM kA eka acchA saMgraha ho gyaa| nibandha pahale bhI prakAzita hue hai para gata varSa me zrI kAlagaNi ko sArakaumudI kI eka prati prApta huii| kAlagaNI janma zatAbdI mahotsava samiti, chApara dvArA use pAkara prAcAryavara ko saMtoSa hmaa|
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________________ 134, varSa 31, kiraNa 3-4 anekAMta bhAdrA meM muni campAlAlajI ko vizAla-kItigaNikRta milAna karake dekhA to donoM racanAeM eka hI siddha huii| zabdAnuzAsana-aSTAdhyAyI kI eka prati milI, ve use isa mahatvapUrNa jaina vyAkaraNa graMtha kI hastalikhita pratiyAM prApta kara bahuta prasanna hue| unhoMne usa anya ko prAcArya bahuta hI kama prApta haiN| hamAre saMgraha kI pratiyAM 18vIM vara ko bheMTa kiyaa| prAcAryavara ne use deva pAzcarya zatI ke pUrvArddha kI likhI huI haiM / aMtima tIsarI prati ke mizrita harSa prakaTa kiyA aura usa upalabdhi ke lie unheM aMta meM likhA hai-"vA0 hemaharSagaNibhiH / vA0 yazolAbha sAdhuvAda diyaa| gaNibhyapradattanayA // 3 // " isa grantha ke pRSTha 46 me tulasIgaNi ne likhA hai ki prathama prati samAsa prakriyA ke aMta meM likhA hai ityAcArya zrI sAgaracaMdra sUri saMtAnIya vAcanAcArya zrI vizAla-zabdAnuzAsana ke paribhASAsUtra sarala the, hemazabdA vizAlakItigaNi viracitAyAM prakriyAsAra kaumudyA nuzAsana se kaThina / pa0 raghunandana jI donoM ko par3hAte the| samAsa prkriyaa| prAcAryavara bhI dono ko dekhate rahane the| unakI yaha dhAraNA vAcanAcArya zrI yazolAbha gaNInAmaMtevAsI paM0 yuktibana gaI ki hemazabdAnuzAsana ke sUtra kaThina hai, usakA sudara muni vAcanArtha / / syAdi prakiyA samAptA sAra prakriyA grantha bhI prApta nahIM hai isalie vizAla-zabdAnu- kaumudyAmiti / / 1 vali. zAsana me hI prAvazyaka sazodhana kara use pradhyAna ge prayukta bIva ko na0 2 prati dvirukta prakriyA kI hai| sabhI karanA caahie| pratiyo meM isa racanA kA nAma "prakriyAsArakaumudI' likhA muni cauthamala jI prAcAryavara kI isa icchA kI samUrti huA milatA hai evaM prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa zloka meM bhI meM laga ge| ve vizAla-zabdAnuzAsana ke adhyetA the| paM0 yahI nAma hai, prata. sAra kaumudI yaha nAma pUrA nahIM hai / isI raghunandana jI kA unha sahabhAga milaa| vizAya zabdAnuzAsana __ kAraNa jaba mujhase sArakaumudI ke viSaya me pUchA gayA to ke pariSkAra kA kArya prArambha ho gyaa| maiMne likhA ki isa nAma kA to koI graMya nahI, para prakriyAvizAla zabdAnuzAsana ko pariSkRta karane kA upakrama , ___ sArakaumudI kI prati to hamAre yahA~ hai / hamAre saMgraha kI calA thA, para usame itanA parivartana ho gayA ki eka nayA tIno pratiyaoN udahIbhakSita hai aura prathama prati me to prArahI vyAkaraNa graya bana gyaa| usakA nAma bhikSuzabdAnuzAsana bhika patro kA kAphI praza khaDita hai| isa racanA kA prAdi rakhA gayA / muni cauthamala jI ne bhikSuzabdAnuzAsana ke aura aMta isa prakAra haiprakriyA patha ke rUpa meM kAlako mudI kI racanA kii| prAdi-zrI sarvajJa samAnabhya, gautamAhi munIn gurUn / paDita jI ne bhikSuzabdAnuzAsana kA padyabaddha ligAnuzAsana mArasvatAnugAM kurmaH prakriyAsArakaumudIm / / 1 / / tayAra kiyaa| nyAyadarpaNa, uNAdipATha, dhAtupATha aura a ra aMtya prazasti-anaMtatvanna zakyante, zabdA sarve'nuzAsitum / asmAbhiruktA: saMkSipya, bAlavyutpatisiddhaye // 1 // gaNapATha bhI taiyAra ho gyaa| isa prakAra dekhate-dekhate mahAkAvyakaraNa sarvAga paripUrNa ho gyaa| avyAkRtAni sUtrANi graMtha bAhulya bhiititH| sUtrAnukrama vRttau tu vyAkariSyAmi tAnya'ham // 2 // yahA~ itanA labA uddharaNa dene kA prAzaya yaha hai ki prasad vacastamtohantrI, saccakora prmoddaa| jaina saMpradAya kA vyAkaraNa saMbandhI kArya sArakomudI aura vizAlakItigaNibhiH prakriyemaM prakAzitA // 3 // vizAla-zabdAnuzAsana para prAdhArita hai| iname se vizAla jJAnapramodamAk sasyAprApta zrI shaardaavrH| zabdAnuzAmana kI prati ke viSaya meM maine muni nathamala vizAlakI ti yo'dhIte prakriyAsArakaumudIm // 4 // jI se pUchatAcha kI, para usakI prati kA patA nahI claa| jayati sakalabhUtivizvavikhyAta kIttiH, nAma ko dekhate hue vaha vizAlakIti kI hI vizAla racanA suragirI samadhIra stajitAnaGga vIraH / hai| vizAla-kIti kI sArakomUdI kI prati kA vivaraNa vidita nikhila bhAvaH zrI mahAvIra devaH, DA0 nathamalajI TATiyA dvArA prApta kiyaa| hamAre saMgraha sudalita duritaudyaH prINitaHprANi sadhaH / / 5 / / kI prakriyAsArakaumudI kI tIna hastalikhita pratiyoM se (zeSa pRSTha 136 para)
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________________ pramANaprameyAnupraveza : eka mahatvapUrNa kRti zrI zItalacandra jaina, vArANasI jaina siddhAnta bhavana, pArA kI 'pramANaprameyAnupraveza' ko kezava nAmaka brAhmaNa vidvAn ne likhA hai| puSpikA zoSaka pANDulipi ko zraddheya DA0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA vAkya ke pUrva SaDdarzana samuccaya kI 60 kArikAyeM bhI ke yahA~ dekhane kA saubhAgya prApta hmaa| DA0 koThiyA jI ullikhita haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki granthakAra ko isa grantha ne vaha pANDalipi mujhe de dI aura kahA ki isakA sampAdana ke likhane kI preraNA SaDdarzana samuccaya se prApta huI hai pApa kreN| isake liye ve mujhe nirantara preraNA bhI karate kyoMki zailI bhI usI prakAra kI apanAI gaI hai| rhe| para samaya na milane se maiM usakI ora pUrA dhyAna na pratiparicaya de skaa| idhara gata agasta mAha ke antima saptAha meM grantha kI isa prati meM 1346 iMca mAija ke kula 20 pa0 bhA0 di0 jaina vidvatapariSad ke tatvAvadhAna meM patra hai / eka patra meM eka prora 10 paMktiyA~ tathA eka paMkti gokUlacandra jI dvArA 'anusaMdhAna evaM sampAdana prazikSaNa meM 32 akSara hai| likhAvaTa zuddha hai| zivira' kA prAyojana kiyA gyaa| usase mujhe usake viSaya paricaya sampAdana ke liye aura adhika utsAha milA / phalasvarUpa grantha meM jaina, bauddha, cArvAka, naiyAyika-vaizeSika, sAMkhya isa grantha kA sampAdana kI dRSTi se adhyayana karane kA aura mImAsaka ina chaha darzanoM ke pramANa-prameyoM kA paricaya mujhe suavasara prApta huaa| karAyA gayA hai| granthakAra ne 'iti SaDdarzanapramANaprameya prantha kA antaH paricaya saMgrahaH' isa prakAra ullekha kara spaSTa bhI kara diyaa| yaha laghukAya grantha nyAya viSaya kA hai| igame paDadarzanoM jainadarzana ke pramANa aura prameyoM kA sundara aura sarala saskRta bhASA meM sarvaprathama grAhaMtamata kA pratipAdana karate huye svAmI paricaya karAyA gayA hai| grantha kA prArambha eka maMgala zloka pAgala loka samantabhadrAcArya ke pramANa ke lakSaNa kA anusaraNa kiyA mehamA hai, jisame anantacatuSTaya me yukta tIrthakara ko gayA hai / likhA hai ki --'tAvadarhatopratihatazAsanasya namaskAra kiyA gayA / vaha magala zloka isa prakAra hai tatvajJAna pramANam / tad dvividha pratyakSaM parokSacha ca / sAdananta samAkhyAta vyaktAnantacatuSTayam / spaSTamAdya maspaSTamanyat / tridhA ca gakalotara-pratyakSa parokSatrailokye yasya sAmrAjyaM tasmai tIrthakRte namaH / / bhedAt / karaNa kamavyavadhAnApoTa makalapratyakSam / kramanvita madhya maMgala karaNa kramavyavadhAnaDhaM vikalapratyakSam / indriyamanograntha ke madhya me bhI zubhacandradeva aura mANikyanandi / vyApArAbhigakhetarArthApekSa parokSam / ' prAcArya ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| madhya maMgala zloka Age naya kA svarUpa evaM umake bhedo aura saptabhaMgI isa prakAra hai - kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM dravya, astikAya paura jayatizubhacandradevaH kaMDurgaNapuNDarIkavanamArtaNDaH / / padArtha ko prameya kahA hai| lekhaka ne isame eka jagaha jaina. caMdraviDaMDaro rAddhAnta payodhipAragobudhavinutaH // darzana ke prati kitanI mahatvapUrNa bAta kahI hai ki "asmAnamo mANikyanAthAya nAkanAthAcitAghriye (divH)| bhivarnatsavivekamahAparvatAra pramatatvazikharajinapuranivA grantha ke anta meM eka puSpikA vAkya hai jisame likhA bhirjenalaukarayaM issttnivRttingriiggnmaarg:|" hai ki 'idaM pustaka paridhAvinAmasamvitsare dakSiNAyaNe vaizeSika darzana grISmanAM nija bhASADhamAse kRSNapakSe dazamyAm guruvAre isa darzana meM mAnya pramANa ke do bhedoM kA ullekha divAdyazaTikAyA veNupurasthitapannecArI maThasya zrI patyarcaka karate huye likhA hai ki "pratyakSalegike pramAne / tatrendriya gauDa sArasvata brAhmaNa vidvadakarmI vedamUrti vAmananAmazarmaNa manorthasannikarSAdutpannA vRddhiH pratyakSama |"praatmendriyepNcmaatmjH kezavanAmazarmaNA likhitamitisamAptamityarthaH, pendriyaM manasA manorthena yadA prasajyate tadotpannA spaSTa. shraarstu'| pratibhAsa rayA buddhireva prmaannm|" dravya, guNa, karmAvi ukta puSpikA vAkya se pratIta hotA hai ki isa anya prameyo kA bhI paricaya kramazaH karAyA gayA hai|
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________________ 136, varSa 31, kiraNa 3-4 anekAMta nyAya-darzana cAhatA hai ki isa pranya kI pANDulipiyAM jina granthAlayoM nayAyikoM ke molaha padArthoM kA vivecana vistArapUrvaka meM hoM unake vyabasthApaka mahAnubhAva hameM umakI sUcanA kiyA gayA hai| pramANa kA lakSaNa karate huye pratipAdana karane kI avazya kRpA kreN| prApta pANDulipi kucha skhalita kiyA gayA hai ki aura prazuddha jAna par3atI hai| prataeva hamAga prayAsa hai ki "tatrArthopalabdhihetuH pramANam / taccaturdhA / tdythaa| isa grantha kA sundara sampAdana, saMzodhana aura hindI rUpAntara pratyakSAnumAnopamAnazabdA: pramANAni / " anya aneka pratiyoM ko sAmane rakha kara kiyA jAya / pAzA isI taraha anya padArthoM kA isameM pratipAdana hai| hai ki uttara tathA dakSiNa ke sarasvatI-bhavano ke adhyakSa sAMkhya darzana mahodaya hamAre isa prayAsa meM avazya hI sahayoga krege| isa darzana ke paccIsa tatvoM kA ullekha karate huye syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, phira pramANoM kA paricaya karAyA gayA hai| anta meM usake bhadainI, vArANasI prameyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| mImAMsA varzana (pRSTha 134 kA zeSAza) mImAMsA darzana ke pramANa-prameyoM kA paricaya karAte uparyukta prazasti va puriekA se spaSTa hai ki zilahuye likhA hai ki-"mImAsakavAde pramANAni pratyakSAnu kIti vAcanAcArya pada se vibhUpita the / ve kharataragAcha mAnopamAnazabdArthApatyabhAvAH / " isake bAda chahoM pramANoM kI mAgaracaMdramUri zAkhA kI paraparA ke vidvAn muni zAnake svarUpa kA vivecana mImAMsAzlokavArtika tathA zAvarabhASya pramoda ke ziSya the| kharataragaccha sAhityasUcI ke anusAra ko prAdhAra banA kara liyA gayA hai| pazcAt mImAMsaka prakriyAsArako mudI kI eka prati mva zrI jina cAgviri darzana meM svIkRta prayogoM kA bhI digdarzana karAyA gayA hai| saMgraha meM bhI hai| inakI dusarI racanA sAramvataprakAza kI bauddha darzana 28 patroM kI prati saradArazahara ke gadhaiyAjI ke saMgraha mhe| isa darzana ke cAroM dArzanika sampradAyo ke siddhAntoM kA sundara vivecana hai| mokSa me vamatya hone ke kAraNa vizAlakIti ke ziSya kSemahaMsaracita cadanamalayAgiri likhA hai ki ---"vaibhASika, saulAntika yogAcAramAdhya cau0 sa0 1704 me mAcaura meM racita prApta hai / vizAlamikA: catvAro bauddhaaH| teSu trayANA mokSakalpanA / mAdhya kIrti ke gurubhrAtA guNanadana kI kaI racanAe~ saM0 1665 mikasyanetadasti, sarvazUnyatvAt / " se 1667 taka kI prApta huI hai| vigAlakIti ke gurujJAnacArvAka darzana pramoda kI vAgmayAlakAra vRtti eka mahatvapUrNa prasiddha racanA sa darzana ke pramANa-prame kA pUrA vivecana karate hue hai| vizAlakIti kA samaya satrahavI zatI kA uttarArddha kahA hai ki -- "cArvAkarAdvAnte pratyakSameva pramANam / tadapi nizcita hai| bhUtavikAravizeSamanAdhigatArdhAdhigamalakSaNam / pRthivyA- unakI jisa vizAla zabdAnuzAsana nAmaka mahatvapUrNa ptejovAyuriti prmeym|" racanA kA ullekha tulasIgaNi ne kiyA hai usakI hasta__ granthakAra kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha TIma-TAma ke likhita prati kI khoja aAvazyaka hai / prakriyAsArakaumudI kI binA hI usa darzana ke mAnya pramANa aura prameya kA saMkSepa hamAre saMgraha kI 3 pratiyoM kI patra saMkhyA kramazaH 60.58meM hI kathana karatA hai, tAki tat tat darzana kA prAthamika 56 kula 117 hai / prati pRSTha 15 paMktiyAM va prati pakti jijJAsu usa darzana ke pramANoM aura prameyoM se paricita ho meM 48 prakSara haiN| isase racanA kA parimANa 5200 zloka jaaye| ukta grantha ke antaH parIkSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki grantha ke lagabhaga hotA hai / vizAlazabdAnuzAsana kA parimANa yadyapi laghakAya hai phira bhI bhAratIya darzana meM vidvAnoM kI prati milane se hI jJAta ho sakatA hai| dRSTi meM jo sthAna haribhadra sUrikRta SaDdarzana samuccaya kA vizAlazabdAnuzAsana kI prati kahA~ aura kisake pAsa hai, vahI sthAna nyAya ke chAtroM meM isa pramANaprameyAnupraveza hai, isa para prAcArya tulasIjI prakAza DAleM evaM isakA kA honA caahiye| isa lekha ke mAdhyama se yaha jAnakArI mahatva prakaTa kareM to acchA ho| 00
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________________ minu te sAkAra pAhAva: zrI sAhajI rASTrakavi rAmadhArI siMha dinakara evaM zrI sItArAma sekasariyA ke sAtha
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________________ VIRAL R rASTra ke sarvocca puraskAra ke pratiSThApaka zrI sAhajI [prathama puraskAra samarpaNa ke avasara para DA0 sampUrNAnanda evaM puraskAra vijetA malayAlama kavizrI zaMkara kurUpake sAtha]