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________________ sva0 pUjya gurudeva zrI jorAvaramala jI mahArAja kI smRti meM Ayojita saMyojaka evaM pradhAna sampAdaka yuvAcArya zrI mA ekara mAna trINi cedasatrANi. [ dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpasUtra, vyavahArasUtra] (mUla anuvAda-vivecana-TippaNa-pATITATa yukta) neration international Pe Personal use only
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________________ OM ahaM jinAgama-granthamAlA : granthAGka 32-A {paramazraddheya gurudeva pUjya zrI jorAvaramalajI mahArAja ko puNyasmRti meM prAyojita trINi chedasUtrANi dazAzrutaskandha - bRhatkalpa vyavahArasUtra [mUlapATha, hindI anuvAda, vivecana, TippaNa yukta] preraNA (sva.) upapravartaka zAsanasevI svAmI zrI bajalAlajI mahArAja saMyojaka tathA prAdya sampAdaka (sva0) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara' anuvAdaka --- vivecaka---sampAdaka anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' gItArya zrI tilokamunijI ma0 prakAzaka zrI AgamaprakAzana samiti, byAvara (rAjasthAna)
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________________ jinAgama-granthamAlA : granthAGa 32-A / nirdezana ___ sAdhvI zrI umarAvakuvara 'arcanA' / sampAdakamaNDala anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' upAcArya zrI devendramuni zAstrI zrI ratanamuni 0 sampreraka muni zrI vinayakumAra 'bhIma' zrI mahendramuni 'dinakara' [prathama saMskaraNa vIra nirvANa saM02517 vikrama saM0 2048 janavarI 1992 I. / prakAzaka zrI AgamaprakAzana samiti zrI braja-madhukara smRti bhavana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAjasthAna) pina-305901 ] mudraka satIzacandra zukla vaidika yaMtrAlaya, kesaragaMja, ajamera-305001 D mUlya 160) rupAne : .
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________________ Publisbed at the Holy Remembrance occasion of Rev. Guru Shri Joravarmalji Maharaj TREENI CHHEDSUTRANI Dashashrutskandha Brihatkalpa Vyavhar Sutras ( Original Text with Variant Readings, Hindi Version, Notes and Annotations etc. ] Inspiring Soul (Late) Up-pravartaka Shasansevi Rev. Swami Shri Brijlalji Maharaj Convener & Founder Editor (Late) Yuvacharya Shri Mishrimalji Maharaj 'Madhukar' Trabslator-Annotator-Editor Anuyoga Pravartaka Muni Shri Kanbaiyalalji 'Kamal' Geetarth Shri Tilokmuniji Publishers Shri Agam Prakashan Samiti Beawar (Raj.)
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________________ Jinagam Granthmala Publicatios No. 32-B O Direction Sadhwi Shri Umravkunwar 'Archana' Board of Editors Anuyogapravartaka Muni Shri Kanbaiyalalji 'Kamal' Upacharya Shri Devendra Muni Shastri Shri Ratan Muni O Promotor Muni Shri Vinayakumar 'Bhima' Sri Mahendra Muni 'Dinakar' First Edition Vir-Nirvana Samvat 2517 Vikram Samvat 2048, January 1992. O Publisher Shri Agam Prakashan Samiti, Shri Brij-Madhukar Smriti Bhawan, Pipaliya Bazar, Beawar (Raj.) Pin 305 901 O Printer Satish Chandra Shukla Vedic Yantralaya Kesarganj, Ajmer Price Rs Gtd +75|
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________________ samarpaNa niraticAra saMyamasAdhanA meM satata saMlagna rahane vAle atIta, anAgata aura vartamAna ke sabhI zrutadhara sthaviroM ke karakamaloM meN| samarpaka anuyogapravartaka muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' gItArtha tilokamuni
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________________
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________________ prakAzakIya "trINi chedamutrANi' zIrSaka ke antargata dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ye tIna chedamUtra prakAzita hai| pRSTha maryAdA adhika hone se nizIthamutra ko pRthaka granthAMka ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai / ina cAroM chedasUtroM kA anuvAda. vivecana, saMpAdana aAdi kA kArya mukhya rUpa se anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' ke sAnnidhya meM gItArtha muni zrI tilokamunijI ne vahuta parizrama. lagana aura manoyogapUrvaka kiyA hai| atAva pAThakagaNa chedamtroM sambandhI apanI jijJAsAnoM ke samAdhAna ke lie muni zrI tilokamunijI se saMparka bnaayeN| AgamabattImI ke aMtima varga meM chadasUtroM kA samAveza hai| inake prakAzana ke sAtha sabhI AgamoM kA prakAzana kArya saMpanna ho gayA hai / atAva upamahAra ke rUpa meM mamiti apanA nivedana prastuta karatI hai-- zramaNamaMdha ke yuvAcAryazrI sva. zraddhaya madhukaramunijI ma. sA. jaba apane mahAmahima gurudevazrI jorAvaramalajI ma. sA. meM prAgamoM kA adhyayana karate the taba gurudevazrI ne aneka bAra apane udgAra vyakta kiye the ki prAgamoM ko unakI TIkAnoM kA mArAMza lekara sarala subodha bhASA, zailI meM upalabdha karAyA jAye to paThana-pAThana ke liye vizeSa upayogI hogaa| gurudevazrI ke ina udagAroM meM bavAcAryazrI jI ko preraNA milii| apane jyeSTha gahamrAtA svAmIjI zrI hajArImalajI ma., svAmIjI zrI brajalAlajI ma. se carcA karate, yojanA banAte aura jaba apanI ora me yojanA ko pUrNa pada diyA taba vidvadvarya munirAjoM, viduSI sAdhviyoM ko bhI apane vicAroM meM avagata kraayaa| sadgRhasthoM se parAmarza kiyA / ima prakAra mabhI aura meM yojanA kA anumodana ho gayA taba vi. saM. 2036 vaizAkha zuklA 10 zramaNabhagavAna mahAvIra ke kaivalyadivasa para bhagavAna kI dezanA rUpa pAgamabattIsI ke saMpAdana, prakAzana ko prArambha karane kI ghoSaNA kara dI gaI aura nirdhArita rIti-nIti ke anusAra kArya prArambha ho gyaa| yuvAcArya cAdara-pradAna mahAtmava divasa para grAcArAMgamtra ko jinAgama granthamAlA granyAMka 1 ke rUpa meM pAThakoM ke adhyayanArtha prastuta kiyaa| yaha prakAzana-parampaga pravAdha gati meM cala rahI thI ki dAruNaprasaMga upasthita ho gayA. avasAda kI gaharI ghaTAyeM ghira graaii| yojanAkAra yuvAcAryazrI divaMgata ho gye| yaha mAmika grAghAta thaa| kintu sAhama aura sva. yuvAcAryazrI ke varada pAzIrvAdoM kA saMbala lekara samiti apane kArya meM tatpara rhii| isI kA suphala hai ki grAgamavatIsI ke prakAzana ke jisa mahAna kArya ko prArambha kiyA thA, vaha yathAvidhi sampanna kara sakI hai| mamiti adhyAtmayoginI viduSI mahAmatI zrI umarAvakUvarajI ma. sA. "arcanA" kI kRtajJa hai| apane mArga-darzana aura yuvAcAryazrI ke rikta sthAna kI puti kara kArya ko pUrNa karane kI preraNA dii| padmazrI mohanamalajI
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________________ sA. coraDiyA, zrI cimmatasiMhajI lor3hA, zrI pukharAjajI zizodiyA, zrI cAMdamalajI binAyakiyA, paNDita zrI zobhAcandrajI bhArilla aAdi va anyAnya ajAta karmaTha mahayogIyoM kA jo aba hamAre bIca nahIM haiM, smaraNa kara zraddhAMjali samarpita karatI hai| aMta meM samiti apane sahayogI parivAra ke pratyeka sadasya ko dhanyavAda detI hai| inake sahakAra meM jaina vAGamaya kI caturdika-caturgaNita zrIvRddhi kara makI hai| hama to inake mArgadarzana meM mAmAnya kAryavAhaka kI bhUmikA kA nirvAha kara rahe haiN| ratanacanda modI kAryavAhaka adhyakSa amaracanda modI sAyaramala coraDiyA mahAmaMtrI zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara-305901 amaracanda modI maMtrI
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________________ sampAdakIya cheda-sUtra : samIkSAtmaka vivecana pAgamoM kI saMkhyA sthAnakavAsI jaina paraMparA jina AgamoM ko vItarAga-vANI ke rUpa meM mAnatI hai, unakI saMkhyA 32 hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-gyAraha aMga, bAraha upAMga, cAra mUla, cAra cheda aura eka Avazyaka / zvetAmbara mUrti-pUjaka paraMparA ke anusAra paiMtAlIsa Agama haiN| aMga, upAMga Adi kI saMkhyA to samAna hai| kintu prakIrNakoM aura chedasUtroM meM nizItha, dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa va vyavahArasUtra ke sAtha mahAnizItha aura paMcakalpa ko adhika mAnA hai| aMga, upAMga Adi AgamoM meM dharma, darzana, AcAra, saMskRti, sabhyatA, itihAsa, kalA Adi sAhitya ke sabhI aMgoM kA samAveza hai / parantu mukhya rUpa se jaina darzana aura dharma ke siddhAntoM aura AcAroM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| aMga, upAMga, mUlavarga meM prAyaH saiddhAntika vicAroM kI mukhyatA hai| AcArAMga, upAsaka dazAMga aura prAvazyaka sUtroM meM prAcAra kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| chedasUtra AcArazuddhi ke niyamopaniyamoM ke prarUpaka haiN| prastuta meM chedasUtroM sambaMdhI kucha saMketa karate haiN| chedasUtra nAma kyoM? cheda zabda jaina paramparA ke liye navIna nahIM hai| cAritra ke pAMca bhedoM meM dUsare kA nAma chedopasthApanAcAritra hai / kAna, nAka prAdi avayavoM kA bhedana to cheda zabda kA sAmAnya artha hai, kintu dharma-sambandhI cheda kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai vajjhANuTANeNaM jeNa Na bAhijjae taye nniyyaa| saMbhavai ya parisuddha' so puNa dhammammi cheutti / jina bAhyakriyAoM se dharma meM bAdhA na AtI ho aura jisase nirmalatA kI vaddhi ho, use cheda kahate haiN| ataeva chedopasthApanA kA lakSaNa yaha huA-purAnI sAvadha paryAya ko chor3akara ahiMsA prAdi pAMca prakAra ke yamarUpa dharma meM AtmA ko sthApita karanA chedopasthApanAsaMyama hai| athavA jahA~ hiMsA, corI ityAdi ke bheda pUrvaka sAvadha kriyAoM kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai aura vratabhaMga ho jAne para isakI prAyazcitta Adi se zuddhi kI jAtI hai, usako chedopasthApanA saMyama kahate haiN| yaha niraticAra aura sAticAra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| niraticAra chedopasthApanA meM pUrva ke sarvasAvadyatyAga rUpa sAmAyika cAritra ke pRthaka-pRthaka ahiMsA Adi paMca mahAvrata rUpa bheda karake sAdhaka ko sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| sAticAra chedopasthApanAcAritra meM upasthApita (pUna: sthApita) karane ke liye AlocanA ke sAtha prAyazcitta bhI Avazyaka hai| yaha prAyazcittavidhAna skhalanAoM kI gaMbhIratA ko dekhakara kiyA jAtA hai| prAyazcitta dasa prakAra ke haiN| inameM chedaprAyazcitta sAtavAM hai| AlocanAI prAyazcitta se chedAha prAyazcitta paryanta sAta prAyazcitta hote haiN| ye veSayukta zramaNa ko diye jAte haiN| aMtima tIna veSamukta zramaNa ko diye jAte haiN|
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________________ veSamukta zramaNa ko diye jAne vAle prAyazcittoM meM chedaprAyazcitta aMtima prAyazcitta hai| isake sAtha pUrva ke chaha prAyazcitta grahaNa kara liye jAte haiN| mUlAha, anavasthApyAI aura pAriJcikAI prAyazcitta vAle alpa hote haiN| AlocanAha se chedAha paryanta prAyazcitta vAle adhika hote haiN| isaliye unakI adhikatA se sahasrAmravana nAma ke samAna dazAzrutaskandha (AcAradasA) bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha AgamoM ko chedasUtra kahA jAtA hai| chedasUtroM kA sAmAnya varNya-viSaya uparyukta kathana se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki sAdhanAmaya jIvana meM yadi sAdhaka ke dvArA koI doSa ho jAye kaise bacA jAye, usakA parimArjana kaise kiyA jAye, yaha chedasUtroM kA sAmAnya varNya-viSaya hai| isa dRSTi se chedasUtroM ke viSayoM ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. utsargamArga, 2. apavAdamArga, 3. doSasevana, 4 prAyazcittavidhAna / 1. jina niyamoM kA pAlana karanA sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga ke liye anivArya hai| binA kisI honAdhikatA, parivartana ke samAna rUpa se jisa samAcArI kA pAlana karanA avazyaMbhAvI hai aura isakA prAmANikatA se pAlana karanA utsargamArga hai| nirdoSa cAritra kI prArAdhanA karanA isa mArga kI vizeSatA hai| isake pAlana karane se sAdhaka meM apramattatA banI rahatI hai tathA isa mArga kA anusaraNa karane vAlA sAdhaka prazaMsanIya evaM zraddheya banatA hai| 2. apavAda kA artha hai vizeSavidhi / vaha do prakAra kI hai--(1) nirdoSa vizeSavidhi aura (2) sadoSa vizeSavidhi / sAmAnyavidhi se vizeSavidhi balavAna hotI hai| ApavAdika vidhi sakAraNa hotI hai| uttaraguNapratyAkhyAna meM jo prAgAra rakhe jAte haiM, ve saba nirdoSa apavAda haiN| jisa kriyA, pravatti se prAjJA kA atikramaNa na hotA ho, vaha nirdoSa hai, parantu prabalatA ke kAraNa mana na hote hue bhI vivaza hokara jisa doSa kA sevana karanA par3atA hai yA kiyA jAye, vaha sadoSa apavAda hai / prAyazcitta se usakI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| yaha mArga sAdhaka ko prArta-raudra dhyAna se bacAtA hai| yaha mArga prazaMsanIya to nahIM hai kintu itanA nindanIya bhI nahIM ki lokApavAda kA kAraNa bana jaaye| anAcAra to kisI bhI rUpa meM apavAdavidhi kA aMga nahIM banAyA yA mAnA jA sakatA hai| svecchA aura svacchandatA se svairAcAra meM pravRta honA, maryAdA kA atikramaNa karate hue apane svArtha, mAna-abhimAna ko sarvopari sthApita karanA, saMgha kI avahelanA karanA, uddaNDatA kA pradarzana karanA, anuzAsana bhaMga karanA anAcAra hai| yaha akalpanIya hai, kintu anAcArI kalpanIya banAne kI yukti-prayuktiyoM kA sahArA letA hai| aisA vyakti, sAdhaka kisI bhI prakAra kI vidhi se zuddha nahIM ho sakatA hai aura na zuddhi ke yogya pAtra hai| 3, 4-doSa kA artha hai utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA bhaMga karanA aura usa bhaMga ke zuddhikaraNa ke liye kI jAne vAlI vidhi, prAyazcita kahalAtI hai| prabalakAraNa ke hone para anicchA se, vismRti aura pramAdavaza jo doSa sevana ho jAtA hai, usakI zuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta se zuddha honA, yahI chedasUtroM ke varNana kI sAmAnya rUparekhA hai| prAyazcita ko anivAryatA doSazuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai, uparyukta kathana se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai| isI saMdarbha meM yahA~ kucha vizeSa saMketa karate haiN| [10]
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________________ anagAradharma ke pAMca prAcAroM ke bIcoMbIca cAritrAcAra ko sthAna dene kA yaha hetu hai ki jJAnAcAradarzanAcAra tathA tapAcAra-vIryAcAra kI samanvita sAdhanA nirvighna sampanna ho, isakA eka mAtra sAdhana cAritrAcAra hai / cAritrAcAra ke ATha vibhAga haiM--pAMca samiti, tIna gupti / pA~ca samitiyAM saMyamI jIvana meM nivRttimUlaka pravRttirUpA haiM aura tIna guptiyAM to nivRttirUpA hI haiN| inakI bhUmikA para anagAra kI sAdhanA meM eka apUrva ullAsa, utsAha ke darzana hote haiN| kintu viSaya-kaSAyavaza, rAga-dveSAdi ke kAraNa yadi samiti, gupti aura mahAvratoM kI maryAdAoM kA atikrama, vyatikrama yA aticAra yadA-kadA ho jAye to surakSA ke liye prAyazcitta prAkAra (parakoTA) rUpa hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki mUlaguNoM, uttaraguNoM meM pratisevanA kA dhuna laga jAye to usake parihAra ke liye prAyazcitta anivArya hai| chedaprAyazcitta kI mukhyatA kA kAraNa prAyazcitta ke dasa prakAra haiN| inameM prAraMbha ke chaha prAyazcitta sAmAnya doSoM kI zuddhi ke liye haiM aura aMtima cAra prAyazcitta prabala doSoM ko zuddhi ke liye haiN| chedArha prAyazcitta meM aMtima cAra prAyazcittoM meM prathama prAyazcitta hai| vyAkhyAkAroM ne isakI vyAkhyA karate hae Ayurveda kA eka rUpaka prastuta kiyA hai| usakA bhAva yaha hai--kisI vyakti kA aMga-upAMga roga yA viSa se itanA adhika dUSita ho jAye ki upacAra se usake svastha hone kI saMbhAvanA hI na rahe to zalyakriyA se usa aMga-upAMga kA chedana karanA ucita hai, para roga yA viSa ko zarIra meM vyApta nahIM hone denA caahiye| kyoMki aisA na karane para akAlamRtyu avazyaMbhAvI hai| kintu aMgachedana ke pUrva vaidya kA kartavya hai ki rugNa vyakti aura usake nikaTa saMbaMdhiyoM ko samajhAye ki aMga-upAMga roga se itanA dUSita ho gayA hai ki aba poSadhopacAra se svastha hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| jIvana kI surakSA aura vedanA kI mukti cAheM to zalyakriyA se aMga-upAMga kA chedana karavA leN| yadyapi zalyakriyA se aMga-upAMga kA chedana karate samaya tIvra vedanA hogI para hogI thor3I dera, kintu zeSa jIbana vartamAna jaisI vedanA se mukta rhegaa| isa prakAra samajhAne para vaha rugNa vyakti aura usake abhibhAvaka aMga-chedana ke liye sahamata ho jAye to cikitsaka kA kartavya hai ki aMga-upAMga kA chedana kara zarIra aura jIvana ko vyAdhi se bacAve / __ isa rUpaka kI taraha prAcArya Adi anagAra ko samajhAyeM ki doSa pratisevanA se Apake uttaraguNa itane adhika dUSita ho gaye haiM ki aba unakI zuddhi AlocanAdi sAmAnya prAyazcittoM se saMbhava nahIM hai| aba Apa cAheM to pratisevanAkAla ke dinoM kA chedana kara zeSa saMyamI jIvana ko surakSita kiyA jaaye| anyathA na samAdhimaraNa hogA aura na bhavabhramaNa se mukti hogii| isa prakAra samajhAne para vaha anagAra yadi pratisevanA kA parityAga kara chedaprAyazcitta svIkAra kare to prAcArya use chedaprAyazcitta dekara zuddha kreN| yahA~ yaha vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki chedaprAyazcitta se kevala uttaraguNoM meM lage doSoM kI zuddhi hotI hai| mUlaguNoM meM lage doSoM kI zuddhi mUlAha Adi tIna prAyazcittoM se hotI hai| chedasUtroM kI varNanazailI __ chedasUtroM meM tIna prakAra ke cAritrAcAra pratipAdita haiM--(1) heyAcAra, (2) jJeyAcAra, (3) upAdeyAcAra / inakA vistRta vicAra karane para yaha rUpa phalita hotA hai (1) vidhikalpa, (2) niSedhakalpa, (3) vidhiniSedhakalpa, (4) prAyazcittakalpa, (5) prakIrNakaH / inameM se prAyazcittakalpa ke atirikta anya vidhi-kalpAdika ke cAra vibhAga hoMge [11]
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________________ (1) nirgranthoM ke vidhikalpa, (2) nigraMthiyoM ke vidhikalpa, (3) nigrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke vidhikalpa, (4) sAmAnya vidhikalpa / isI prakAra niSedhakalpa Adi bhI samajhanA cAhiye / jina sUtroM meM 'kappaI' zabda kA prayoga hai, ve vidhikalpa ke sUtra haiN| jinameM 'no kappaI' zabda prayoga hai, ve niSedhakalpa ke sUtra haiN| jinameM 'kappaI' aura 'no kappaI' donoM kA prayoga hai ve vidhi-niSedhakalpa ke sutra haiM aura jinameM 'kappaI' aura 'nokappaI' donoM kA prayoga nahIM hai ve vidhAnasutra haiN| prAyazcittavidhAna ke liye sUtroM meM yathAsthAna spaSTa ullekha hai| chedasUtroM meM sAmAnya se vidhi-niSedhakalpoM kA ullekha karane ke bAda nirgranthoM ke liye vidhikalpa aura niSedhakalpa kA spaSTa saMketa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra nirgranthI ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa kA kathana hai| donoM ke liye kyA aura kauna vidhi-niSedhakalpa rUpa hai aura pratisevanA hone para kisakA kitanA prAyazcitta vidhAna hai, usakI yahAM vistRta sUcI denA saMbhava nahIM hai| granthAvalokana se pAThakagaNa svayaM jJAta kara leN| prAyazcittavidhAna ke dAtA-AdAtA kI yogyatA doSa ke parimArjana ke liye prAyazcitta vidhAna hai| isake lene aura dene vAle kI pAtratA ke sambandha meM chedasUtroM meM vistRta varNana hai| jisake saMkSipta sAra kA yahAM kucha saMketa karate haiN| atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra, anAcAra doSa sevana ke kAraNa haiM / kintu jo vakratA aura jar3atA ke kAraNa doSoM kI AlocanA sahajabhAva se nahIM karate haiM, ve to kabhI bhI zuddhi ke pAtra nahIM bana sakate haiM / yadi koI mAyApUrvaka AlocanA karatA hai taba bhI usakI AlocanA phalaprada nahIM hotI hai| usakI manobhUmikA aAlocanA karane ke liye tatpara nahIM hotI to prAyazcitta karanA AkAzakusumabat hai| ukta kathana kA sArAMza yaha huA ki Alocaka Rju, chalakapaTa se rahita manasthitivAlA honA caahiye| usake aMtar meM pazcAttApa kI bhAvanA ho, tabhI doSaparimArjana ke liye tatpara ho skegaa| isI prakAra prAlocanA karane vAle kI AlocanA sunane vAlA aura usakI zuddhi meM sahAyaka hone kA adhikArI vahI ho sakegA jo prAyazcittavidhAna kA marmajJa ho, taTastha ho, dUsare ke bhAvoM kA vettA ho, paristhiti kA parijJAna karane meM sakSama ho, svayaM nirdoSa ho, pakSapAta rahita ho, prAdeya vacana vAlA ho| aisA variSTha sAdhaka doSI ko nirdoSa banA sakatA hai| saMgha ko anuzAsita evaM lokApavAda, bhrAMta dhAraNAoM kA zamana kara sakatA hai| isa saMkSipta bhUmikA ke AdhAra para aba isa grantha meM saMkalita-1. dazAzrutaskandha, 2. bRhatkalpa aura 3. vyavahAra, ina tIna chedasUtroM kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karate haiN| (1) dazAzrutaskandha athavA prAcAradazA samavAyAMga, uttarAdhyayana aura AvazyakasUtra meM kalpa aura vyavahArasUtra ke pUrva AyAradasA (AcAradazA) yA nAma kahA gayA hai| ataH chedasUtroM meM yaha prathama chedasUtra hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke dasaveM sthAna meM isake dasa adhyayanoM kA ullekha hone se 'dazAzrutaskandha' yaha nAma adhika pracalita ho gayA hai| dasa adhyayanoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. asamAdhisthAna, 2, sabaladoSa, 3. aAzAtanA, 4. gaNisampadA, 5. cittasamAdhisthAna, 6. upAsakapratimA, 7. bhikSapratimA, 8. paryuSaNAkalpa 9. mohanIyasthAna aura 10. AyatisthAna / ina dasa adhyayanoM meM asamAdhisthAna, [12]
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________________ cittasamAdhisthAna, mohanIyasthAna aura AyatisthAna meM jina tattvoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai, ve vastutaH yogavidyA se saMbaddha haiN| yogazAstra se unakI tulanA kI jAye to jJAta hogA ki citta ko ekAgra tathA samAhita karane ke lie prAcAradazA ke dasa adhyayanoM meM ye cAra adhyayana atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / upAsakapratimA aura bhikSupratimA zrAbaka va zramaNa kI kaThoratama sAdhanA ke uccatama niyamoM kA parijJAna karAte haiM / paryuSaNAkalpa meM paryuSaNa raba karanA cAhiye, kaise manAnA cAhiye...? kaba manAnA cAhiye, isa viSaya para vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sabaladoSa aura AzAtanA ina do dazAnoM meM sAdhujIvana ke dainika niyamoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki ina niyamoM kA paripAlana honA hI caahiye| inameM jo tyAjya haiM, unakA dRr3hatA se tyAga karanA cAhiye aura jo upAdeya haiM, unakA pAlana karanA caahiye| caturtha dazAgaNisaMpadA meM AcAryapada para virAjita vyakti ke vyaktitva, prabhAva tathA usake zArIrika prabhAva kA atyanta upayogI varNana kiyA gayA hai| prAcAryapada kI lipsA meM saMlagna vyaktiyoM ko prAcAryapada grahaNa karane ke pUrva inakA adhyayana karanA Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra yaha dazAzrutaskandha (AcAradazA) satra zramaNajIvana meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| prakArAntara se dazAzrataskandha kI dazAoM ke pratipAdya kA ullekha isa rUpa meM bhI ho sakatA haiprathama tIna dazAnoM aura aMtima do dazAoM meM sAdhaka ke heyAcAra kA pratipAdana hai| cauthI dazA meM agItArtha anagAra ke jJeyAcAra kA aura gItArtha anagAra ke liye upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| pAMcavI dazA meM upAdeyAcAra kA nirUpaNa hai| chaThI dazA meM anagAra ke liye jayAcAra aura sAgAra (zramaNopAsaka) ke liye upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| sAtavI dazA meM anagAra ke liye upAdeyAcAra aura sAgAra ke liye jJeyAcAra kA kathana kiyA hai| AThavIM dazA meM anagAra ke liye kucha jJeyAcAra, kucha heyAcAra aura kucha upAdeyAcAra hai| isa prakAra yaha AcAradazA-dazAzrutaskaMdha anagAra aura sAgAra donoM ke liye upayogI hai| kalpa, vyavahAra Adi chedasUtroM meM bhI heya, jJeya aura upAdeya prAcAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| (2) bRhatkalpasUtra kalpa zabda aneka arthoM kA bodhaka hai, isa zabda kA prayoga vaidika sAhitya meM upalabdha hotA hai| veda ke chahaH aMga haiM unameM eka vaha aMga hai jisameM yajJa prAdi karmakANDoM kA vidhAna hai, vaha aMga kalpa kahalAtA hai| kAlamAna ke liye bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| caudaha manvantaroM kA kAlamAna kalpa zabda se jAnA jAtA hai| usameM cAra araba, battIsa karor3a varSa bIta jAte haiN| itane lambe kAla kI saMjJA ko kalpa kahA hai| sadRza artha meM bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, jaise ki zramaNakalpa, RSikalpa ityAdi / kalpa zabda usa vRkSa ke lie bhI prayukta hotA hai jo vRkSa manovAMchita phala dene vAlA hai, vaha kalpavRkSa kahalAtA hai| rAjyamaryAdA ke lie bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| bArahaveM devaloka taka rAjanIti kI maryAdA hai| isI kAraNa una devalokoM ko 'kalpa devaloka' kahA jAtA hai| maryAdA vaidhAnikarIti se jo bhI koI jIvana calAtA hai, vaha avazya hI sukha aura sampatti se samRddha bana jAtA hai| prastuta zAstra kA nAma jisa kalpa zabda se caritArtha kiyA hai, vaha uparyukta arthoM se bilkula bhinna hai| [13]
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________________ prastuta prasaMga meM kalpa zabda kA artha dharma-maryAdA hai| sAdhu AcAra hI dharma-maryAdA hai| jisa zAstra meM dharmamaryAdA kA varNana ho baha kalpa hai, nAma viSayAnurUpa hI hai| jisa zAstra kA jaisA viSaya ho vaisA nAma rakhanA yathArtha nAma kahalAtA hai| sAdhudharma ke Antarika aura bAhya-AcAra kA nirdeza evaM maryAdA batAne vAlA zAstra kalpa kahalAtA hai| jisa sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha, ariSTanemi aura RSabhadeva kA jIvanavRtta hai, usa zAstra ke aMtima prakaraNa meM sAdhu samAcArI kA varNana hai| vaha paryuSaNAkalpa hone se laghukalpa hai| usakI apekSA se jisameM sAdhu-maryAdA kA varNana vistRta ho, vaha vahatvalpa kahalAtA hai| isameM sAmAyika, chedopasthApanIya aura parihAravizuddhi ina tInoM cAritroM ke vidhi vidhAnoM kA sAmAnya rUpa se varNana hai / bRhatkalpa zAstra meM jo bhI varNana hai una sabakA pAlana karanA ukta cAritrazIloM ke liye avazyaMbhAvI hai / vividha sUtroM dvArA sAdhu sAdhvI kI vividha maryAdAoM kA jisameM varNana kiyA gayA hai, use bahatkalpasUtra kahate hai / prAkRta bhASA meM bihakkappasuttaM rUpa banatA hai| prastuta "kappasuttaM" (kalpasUtra) aura "kappasuya" (kalpazruta) eka haiM yA bhinna haiM ? yaha AzaMkA aprAsaMgika hai, kyoMki "kappasuttaM" kAlika Agama hai| aAcAradazA arthAt dazAzrutaskandha kA AThavAM adhyayana "paryuSaNAkalpa" hai, isameM kevala varSAvAsa kI samAcArI hai| kucha zatAbdiyoM pahale isa "paryuSaNAkalpa" ko tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvanacaritra tathA sthavirAvalI se saMyukta kara diyA gayA thaa| yaha zanaiH-zanai: kalpasUtra ke nAma se janasAdharaNa meM prasiddha ho gyaa| isa kalpasUtra se prastuta kalpasUtra kA nAma bhinna dikhAne ke lie prastuta kalpasUtra kA nAma bahatkalpasUtra diyA gayA hai| vAstava meM bRhatkalpasUtra nAma ke Agama kA kisI Agama meM ullekha nahIM hai| nandIsatra meM isakA nAma "kappo" hai / kappasuyaM ke do vibhAga haiM "cullakappasuyaM" aura "mahAkappasurya" / isI prakAra "kappiyAkappiyaM" bhI utkAlika Agama hai| ye saba prAyazcitta-vidhAyaka Agama haiM, para ye vicchinna ho gaye haiM aisA jainasAhitya ke itihAsajJoM kA abhimata hai| kalpa vargIkaraNa prastuta "kalpasuttaM" kA mUla pATha gadya meM hai aura 473 anuSTupa zloka pramANa hai / isameM 81 vidhi-niSedhakalpa haiM / ye sabhI kalpa pAMca samiti aura pAMca mahAvratoM se sambandhita haiM / ataH inakA vargIkaraNa yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| jina sUtroM kA eka se adhika samitiyoM yA eka se adhika mahAvratoM se sambandha hai, unakA sthAna samiti aura mahAvrata ke saMyukta vidhi-niSedha aura mahAvratakalpa zIrSaka ke antargata hai| uttarAdhyayana a0 24 ke anusAra IryAsamiti kA viSaya bahuta vyApaka hai, isalie jo sUtra sAmAnyatayA jJAna, darzana yA cAritra Adi se sambandhita pratIta hue haiM unako "IryAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa" zIrSaka ke nIce sthAna diyA hai| vargIkaraNadarzaka prArUpa isa prakAra hai (1) IryAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedha kalpa--1. cArasUtra, 2. adhvagamanasUtra, 3. AryakSetrasUtra, 4. mahAnadIsUtra, 5. bairAjya-viruddharAjyasUtra, 6. antagRhasthA, 7. vAcanAsUtra, 8. saMjJApyasUtra, 9. gaNAntaropasampatsUtra, 10. kalpasthitisUtra / 1. abhidhAna rAjendra : bhAga tRtIya pRSTha 239 para "kappasuyaM" zabda kA vivecana / [14]
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________________ (2) IryAsamiti aura pariSThApanikAsamiti ke saMyukta vidhi-niSedhakalpa---11. vicArabhUmivihArabhUmisUtra / (3) bhASA-samiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa-12. vacanasUtra, 13. prastArasUtra, 14. antaragRhasthAnAdisUtra, (4) eSaNAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa [AhAraSaNA] -- 15. pralambasUtra, 16. rAtri bhaktasUtra, 17. saMkhatisUtra, 18. sAgArika-pArihArikasUtra, 19. AhutikA-nihati kAsUtra, 20. aMzikAsUtra, 21.kAlakSetrAtikrAntasUtra, 22. kalpasthitAkalpasthitasUtra, 23. saMstRta-nivicikitsasUtra, 24. udgArasUtra, 25. grAhAravidhisUtra, 26. parivAsitasUtra, 27. pulAkabhaktasUtra, 28. kSetrAvagrahapramANasUtra, 29. rodhaka (senA) sUtra (pANaSaNA) 30. pAnakavidhisUtra, 31. aneSaNIyasUtra, 32. mokasUtra, (vastraMSaNA) 33. cilimilikA sUtra 34. rAtrivastrAdigrahaNasatra, 35. hatAhatAsUtra, 36, upadhisUtra, 37. vastrasutra, 38. nizrAsUtra, 39. trikRtsnacatuHkRtsnasUtra, 40. samavasaraNasUtra, 41. yathAratnAdhika vastraparibhAjakasUtra, (vastra-pASaNA) 42. pravagrahasUtra, (pASaNA) 43. ghaTImAtraka sUtra , (rajoharaNaiSaNA) 44. rajoharaNasUtra, (camaiSaNA) 45. carmasUtra, (zayyA-saMstArakeSaNA) 46. zayyA-saMstArakasUtra, 47. yathAratnAdhika zayyA-saMstAraka-paribhAjanasUtra, (sthAneSaNA) 48. avagrahasUtra, (upAzrayaiSaNA) 49. ApaNagRha-rathyAmukhasUtra, 50. citrakarmasUtra, 51. sAgArika nidhAsUtra, 52. sAgArika upAzrayasUtra, 53. pratibaddha zayyAsUtra, 54. gAthApatikulamadhyavAsasUtra, 55. upAzrayasUtra, 56. upAzrayavidhisUtra, (vasatinivAsa) 57. mAsakalpasUtra, 58. vagaDAsUtra, mahAvatoM ke anadhikArI 59. pravrAjanAsUtra (mahAvrata prarUpaNa) 60. mahAvatasUtra, prathama mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 61. adhikaraNasUtra, 62. vyavazamanasUtra, prathama aura tRtIya mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 63. AvasthAppasUtra, prathama-caturtha mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 64. dakatIrasUtra, 65. anudghAtikasUtra, caturthamahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 66. upAzraya-pravezasUtra, 67. apAvRtadvAra upAzrayasUtra, 68. avagrahAnantaka-pravagrahapaTTakasUtra, 69. brahmApAyasUtra, 70. brahmarakSAsUtra, 71. pArAJcikasutra, 72. kaNTakAdi-uddharaNasUtra, 73. durgasUtra, 74. kSiptacittAdisUtra, tapakalpa' 75. kRtikarmasUtra 76. glAnasUtra, 77. pArihArikasUtra 78. vyavahArasUtra, maraNottaravidhi 79. vizvambhavanasUtra, mahAvata aura samiti ke saMyuktakalpa 80. parimanthasatra isa vargIkaraNa se pratyeka vijJapAThaka isa Agama kI upAdeyatA samajha sakate haiN| zrAmaNya jIvana ke lie ye vidhi-niSedhakalpa kitane mahattvapUrNa haiN| inake svAdhyAya evaM cintana-manana se hI paMcAcAra kA yathArtha pAlana sambhava hai| yaha pAgamajJoM kA abhimata hai tathA ina vidhi-niSedhakalpoM ke jJAtA hI kalpa viparIta pAcaraNa ke nivAraNa karane meM samartha ho sakeMge, yaha svataH siddha hai| (3) vyavahArasUtra prastuta vyavahArasUtra tRtIya chedasUtra hai / isake dasa uddezaka haiN| dasaveM uddezaka ke aMtima (pAMcaveM) sUtra meM pAMca vyavahAroM ke nAma hai / isa sUtra kA nAmakaraNa bhI pA~ca vyavahAroM ko pramukha mAnakara hI kiyA gayA hai| 1. upAzraya vidhi-niSedha-kalpa ke jitane sUtra haiM ve prAyaH caturtha mahAvata ke vidhi-niSedha-kalpa bhI haiN| 2. vinaya yAvatya aura prAyazcitta prAdi grAbhyantara tapoM kA vidhAna karane vAle ye satra haiN| 3. prathama chedasUtra dazA, (AyAradazA dazAzrutaskandha), dvitIya chedasUtra kalpa (bRhatkalpa) aura tRtIya chedasUtra vyavahAra / dekhie sama0 26 sUtra--2 / athavA utta0 a0 31, gA0 17 / bhASyakAra kA mantavya hai-vyavahArasUtra ke dasaveM uddezaka kA pAMcavAM sUtra hI antima sUtra hai| puruSaprakAra se dasavidhavaiyAvatya paryanta jitane sUtra haiM, ve saba parivadhita haiM yA cUlikArUpa hai| [ 15 ]
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________________ vyavahAra-zabdaracanA vi+va+ha-+dhA / 'vi' aura 'ava' ye do upasarga haiN| haja-haraNe dhAtu hai / 'ha' dhAtu se 'pA' pratyaya karane para hAra banatA hai| vi+va+hAra---ina tInoM se vyavahAra zabda kI racanA huI hai| 'vi'--vividhatA yA vidhi kA sUcaka hai| 'prava'--saMdeha kA sUcaka hai| 'hAra'-haraNa kriyA kA sUcaka hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki vivAda viSayaka nAnA prakAra ke saMzayoM kA jisase haraNa hotA hai vaha 'vyavahAra' hai| yaha vyavahAra zabda kA vizeSArtha hai| vyavahArasUtra ke pramukha viSaya 1. vyavahAra, 2. vyavahArI aura 3. vyavahartavya-ye tIna isa sUtra ke pramukha viSaya haiN| ___ dasaveM uddezaka ke antima sUtra meM pratipAdita pAMca vyavahAra karaNa (sAdhana) haiM, gaNa kI zuddhi karane vAle gItArtha (prAcAryAdi) vyavahArI (vyavahAra kriyA pravartaya) kartA haiM, aura zramaNa zramaNiyAM vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya) haiM / arthAt inakI aticAra zuddhirUpa kriyA kA sampAdana vyavahArajJa vyavahAra dvArA karatA hai| jisa prakAra kumbhakAra (kartA), cakra, daNDa mRttikA sUtra Adi karaNoM dvArA kumbha (karma) kA sampAdana karatA hai-isI prakAra vyavahArajJa vyavahAroM dvArA vyavahartavyoM (gaNa) kI aticAra zuddhi kA sampAdana karatA hai| vyavahAra-vyAkhyA vyavahAra kI pramukha vyAkhyAyeM do haiM / eka laukika vyAkhyA aura dUsarI lokottara vyAkhyA / laukikA vyAkhyA do prakAra kI hai--1. sAmAnya aura 2. vizeSa / sAmAnya vyAkhyA hai-dUsare ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa athavA rupaye-paisoM kA lena-dena / vizeSa vyAkhyA hai-abhiyoga kI samasta prakriyA arthAta nyAya / isa viziSTa vyAkhyA se sambandhita kucha zabda pracalita haiN| jinakA prayoga vaidika paramparA kI zrutiyoM evaM smRtiyoM meM cirantana kAla se calA mA rahA hai| yathA-- 1. vyavahArazAstra-(daNDasaMhitA) jisameM rAjya-zAsana dvArA kisI vizeSa viSaya meM sAmUhika rUpa se banAye gaye niyamoM ke nirNaya aura niyamoM kA bhaMga karane para diye jAne vAle daNDoM kA vidhAna va vivecana hotA hai| 1. 'vi' nAnArthe ''va' saMdehe, 'haraNaM' hAra ucyate / nAnA saMdehaharaNAda, vyavahAra iti sthitiH 1-kAtyAyana / nAnA vivAda viSayaH saMzayo hiyate'nena iti vyavahAraH / 2. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahAgaNasohikare nAma ege no maannkre|.... ----vyava0 puruSaprakAra sUtra 3. gAhA-vahArI khalu kattA, vavahAro hoI karaNabhUto u| vahariyavvaM kajja, kubhAdi tiyassa jaha siddhI / / --vya0 bhAdhyapIThikA gAthA 2 4. na kazcit kasyacinmitraM, na kazcit kasyacid ripuH / vyavahAreNa jAyante, mitrANi ripavastathA / / -hito0 mi0 72 5. parasparaM manuSyANAM, svArthavipratipattiSu / vAkyAnayAyAd vyavasthAna, vyavahAra udAhRtaH / / mitaakssraa| [16]
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________________ 2. vyavahArajJa--(nyAyAdhIza) jo vyavahArazAstra kA jJAtA hotA hai vahI kisI abhiyoga Adi para vivekapUrvaka vicAra karane vAlA evaM daNDanirNAyaka hotA hai| ____ lokottara vyAkhyA bhI do prakAra kI hai.-1 sAmAnya aura 2 vizeSa / sAmAnya vyAkhyA hai--eka gaNa kA dUsare gaNa ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa / athavA eka zramaNa kA dUsare zramaNa ke sAtha, eka AcArya, upAdhyAya Adi kA dUsare AcArya , upAdhyAya Adi ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa / vizeSa vyAkhyA hai -sarvajJokta vidhi se tapa prabhRti anuSThAnoM kA "vapana" yAne bonA aura usase aticArajanya pApa kA haraNa karanA vyavahAra hai'| 'vivApa' zabda ke sthAna meM 'vyava' Adeza karake 'hAra' zabda ke sAtha saMyukta karane para vyavahAra zabda kI sRSTi hotI hai yaha bhASyakAra kA nirdeza hai| vyavahAra ke bheda-prabheda vyavahAra do prakAra kA hai--1 bidhi vyavahAra aura 2 avidhi vyavahAra / avidhi vyavahAra mokSa-virodhI hai, isalie isa sUtra kA viSaya nahIM hai, apitu vidhi vyavahAra hI isakA viSaya hai| vyavahAra cAra prakAra ke haiM-1 nAmavyavahAra 2 sthApanAvyavahAra 3 dravyavyavahAra aura 4 bhaavvyvhaar| 1. nAmavyavahAra--kisI vyakti vizeSa kA 'vyavahAra' nAma honA / 2. sthApanAvyavahAra-vyavahAra nAma vAle vyakti kI sat yA asat pratikRti / 3. dravyavyavahAra ke do bheda haiM--Agama se aura noAgama se| Agama se anupayukta (upayogarahita) vyavahAra pada kA jJAtA / noAgama se--dravyavyavahAra tIna prakAra kA hai-1 jJazarIra 2 bhavyazarIra aura 3 tadvyatirikta / jJazarIra-vyavahAra pada ke jJAtA kA mRtazarIra / bhavyazarIra-vyavahAra pada ke jJAtA kA bhAvIzarIra / tavyatirikta dravyavyavahAra-vyavahAra zruta yA pustaka / yaha tIna prakAra kA hai-1 laukika, 2 lokottara aura kupraavnik| laukika dravyavyavahAra kA vikAsakrama mAnava kA vikAsa bhogabhUmi se prArambha huA thaa| usa AdikAla meM bhI puruSa pati rUpa meM aura strI patnI rUpa meM hI rahate the, kintu donoM meM kAma-vAsanA atyanta sImita thii| sAre jIvana meM unake kevala do santAne (eka sAtha) hotI thiiN| unameM bhI eka bAlaka aura eka bAlikA hii| "hama do hamAre do" unake sAMsArika jIvana kA yahI sUtra thaa| ve bhAI-bahina hI yuvAvasthA meM pati-patnI rUpa meM rahane lagate the| 1. vyava0 bhASya0 pIThikA gA0 4 / 2. vyava0 bhASya0 pIThikA gA0 4 / 3. vyaya0 bhASya0 pIThikA gAthA-6 / [ 17 ]
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________________ unake jIvana-nirvAha ke sAdhana the kalpavRkSa / sonA-baiThanA unakI chAyA meM, khAnA phala, pInA vRkSoM kA madajala / pahanate the valkala aura sunate the vRkSavAdya pratipala / na ve kAma-dhandhA karate the, na unheM kisI prakAra kI koI cintA thI, ataH ve dIrghajIvI evaM atyanta sukhI the| na ve karate the dharma, na ve karate the pApakarma, na thA koI vaktA, na thA koI zrotA, na the ve uddaNDa, na unheM koI detA thA daNDa, na thA koI zAsaka, na the ve shaasit| aisA thA yugalajana-jIvana / kAlacakra cala rahA thaa| bhogabhUmi karmabhUmi meM pariNata hone lagI thii| jIvana-yApana ke sAdhana kalpavRkSa vilIna hone lage the| khAne-pIne aura sone-baiThane kI samasyAyeM satAne lagI thiiN| kyA khAyeM-pIyeM ? kahA~ raheM, kahA~ soyeM ? Upara AkAza thA, nIce dharatI thii| sardI, garmI aura varSA se baceM to kaise baceM? --ityAdi aneka cintAoM ne mAnava ko ghera liyA thaa| khAne-pIne ke lie chInA-jhapaTI calane lgii| akAla mRtyue~ hone lagI aura jor3e (pati-patnI) kA jIvana bejor3a hone lgaa| prathama suSama-suSamAkAla aura dvitIya suSamAkAla samApta ho gayA thaa| tRtIya suSamA-duSamAkAla ke do vibhAga bhI samApta ho gaye the| tRtIya vibhAga kA duzcakra cala rahA thA / vaha thA saMkramaNa-kAla / sukha, zAnti evaM vyavasthA ke lie sarvaprathama prathama pAMca kulakaroM ne aparAdhiyoM ko 'hat'--isa vAgdaNDa se pratAr3ita kiyA, para kucha samaya bAda yaha daNDa prabhAvahIna ho gyaa| daNDa kI damana nIti kA yaha prathama sUtra thaa| mAnava hRdaya meM hiMsA ke pratyAropaNa kA yuga yahIM se prArambha huaa| dvitIya pAMca kulakaroM ne AtatAyiyoM ko "mata" isa vAgdaNDa se pratAr3ita kara prabhAvita kiyA, kintu yaha daNDa bhI samaya ke sopAna pAra karatA huA prabhAvahIna ho gayA / tRtIya pAMca kulakaroM ne azAnti phailAne vAloM ko "dhika" isa vAgdaNDa se zAsita kara nigraha kiyaa| yadyapi daNDanIya ke ye tInoM daNDa vAgdaNDa mAtra the, para hiMsA ke paryAyavAcI daNDa ne mAnava ko komala na banAkara krUra banAyA, dayAlu na banAkara duSTa bnaayaa| prathama kulakara kA nAma yadyapi "sumati" thaa| mAnava kI sukha-samRddhi ke lie use "zamana" kA upayoga karanA thA para kAla ke kuTila kucakroM se prabhAvita hokara usane bhI "damana" kA duzcakra claayaa| antima kulakara zrI RSabhadeva the| dhikkAra kI daNDanIti bhI asaphala hone lagI to bhagavAna RSabhadeva (AdinAtha) ke zrImukha se karma tripadI "1 asi, 2 masi, 3 kRSi' prasphurita huii| mAnava ke sAmAjika jIvana kA sUryodaya huA / mAnava samAja do vargoM meM vibhakta ho gayA / eka varga zAsakoM kA aura eka varga zAsitoM kaa| alpasaMkhyaka zAsaka varga bahusaMkhyaka zAsita varga para anuzAsana karane lgaa| bhagavAna AdinAtha ke suputra bharata cakravartI bane / pUrvajoM se virAsata meM milI damananIti kA prayoga ve apane bhAiyoM para bhI karane lge| upazamarasa ke Adizrota bha0 AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) ne bAhabalI Adi ko zAzvata (AdhyAtmika) sAmrAjya ke lie protsAhita kiyA to ve mAna gye| kyoMki usa yuga ke mAnava 'Rjujar3a prakRti ke the| ahiMsA kI amogha amIdhArA se bhAiyoM ke hRdaya meM prajvalita rAjyalipsA kI lobhAgni sarvathA zAnta ho gii| [18]
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________________ bha0 ajitanAtha se lekara bha. pArzvanAtha paryanta 'RjaprAjJa' mAnavoM kA yuga rahA / gyAraha cakravartI, no baladeva, no vAsudeva aura nau prativAsudevoM ke zAsana meM daNDanIti kA itanA damanacakra calA ki saumya zamananIti ko loga prAyaH bhUla gye| dAma- --pralobhana, daNDa aura bheda - ina tIna nItiyoM kA hI sarva sAdhAraNa meM adhikAdhika pracAra-pramAra hotA rahA / aba AyA "vakrajar3a" mAnavoM kA yuga / mAnava ke hRdayapaTala para vakratA aura jar3atA kA sAmrAjya chA gyaa| sAmAjika vyavasthA ke lie daNDa (damana) anivArya mAna liyA gyaa| aMga-bhaMga aura prANadaNDa sAmAnya ho gye| daNDasaMhitAyeM banI, daNDa-yantra bane / daNDanyAyAlaya aura daNDavijJAna bhI vikasita haa| AgneyAstra Adi aneka prakAra ke astra-zastroM ne atIta meM aura vartamAna meM aNubama Adi aneka astroM dvArA nRzaMsa daNDa se damana kA prayoga hotA rahA hai| paurANika sAhitya meM eka daNDapANi (yamarAja) kA varNana hai para Aja to yatra-tatra-sarvatra anekAneka daNDapANi hI calate phirate dikhAI dete haiM / yaha laukika dravyavyavahAra hai| lokottara dravyavyavahAra---prAcAryAdi kI upekSA karanevAle svacchanda zramaNoM kA anya svacchanda zramaNoM ke sAtha azanAdi AdAna-pradAna kA pArasparika vyavahAra / lokottara bhAvavyavahAra-1 yaha do prakAra kA hai ? pAgama se aura 2 nomAgama se / Agama se--- upayogayukta vyavahAra pada ke artha kA jJAtA' / nogrAgama se pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra haiM 1. Agama, 2. zruta, 3. AjJA, 4. dhAraNA, 5. jIta / 1. jahA~ pAgama ho vahA~ pAgama se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 2. jahA~ Agama na ho, zruta ho, vahA~ zruta se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 3. jahA~ zruta na ho, prAjJA ho, vahA~ prAjJA se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 4. jahA~ prAjJA na ho, dhAraNA ho, vahA~ dhAraNA se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kareM / 5. jahA~ dhAraNA na ho, jIta ho, vahA~ jIta se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| ina pAMcoM se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kareM:-1. pAgama, 2. zruta, 3. prAjJA, 4. dhAraNA aura 5. jIta se| inameM se jahA~-jahA~ jo ho vahA~-vahA~ usI se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| pra0 bhaMte ! pAgamabalika zramaNa nirgranthoM ne (ina pAMca vyavahAroM ke sambandha meM) kyA kahA hai? u0--(AyuSmana zramaNo) ina pAMcoM vyavahAroM meM se jaba-jaba jisa-jisa viSaya meM jo vyavahAra ho taba-taba usa usa viSaya meM anizritopAzrita ...-- (madhyastha) rahakara samyak vyavahAra karatA huA zramaNa-nirgrantha AjJA kA pArAdhaka hotA hai ! 1. prAgamato vyavahArapadArthajJAtA tatra copayukta 'upayogo bhAva nikSepa' iti vacanAt / -vyava0 bhA0 pIThikA gAthA 6 1. TANaM-5. u0 2 0 421/tathA bhaga0 za0 8. u0 8. sU0 8, 9 / [19]
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________________ AgamavyavahAra kevalajJAniyoM, manaHparyavajJAniyoM aura avadhijJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha AgamavyavahAra hai| nava pUrva, daza pUrva aura caudaha pUrvadhAriyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha bhI AgamavyavahAra hI hai| zrutavyavahAra ATha pUrva pUrNa aura navama pUrva apUrNadhArI dvArA Acarita yA pratipAdita vidhi-niSedha bhI zrutavyavahAra hai| dazA (AyAradazA-dazAzrutaskandha), kalpa (bRhatkalpa), vyavahAra, AcAraprakalpa (nizItha) Adi chedazrata (zAstra) dvArA nirdiSTa vidhi-niSedha bhI zrutavyavahAra hai / AjJAvyavahAra do gItArtha zramaNa eka dUsare se alama dUra dezoM meM vihAra kara rahe hoM aura nikaTa bhaviSya meM milane kI sambhAvanA na ho| unameM se kisI eka ko kalpikA pratisevanA kA prAyazcitta lenA ho to apane aticAra doSa kahakara gItArtha ziSya ko bheje / yadi gItArtha ziSya na ho to dhAraNAkuzala agItArtha ziSya ko sAMketika bhASA meM apane aticAra kahakara dUrastha gItArtha mUni ke pAsa bheje aura usa ziSya ke dvArA kahI gaI AlocanA sanakara vaha gItArtha muni dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, saMhanana, dhairya, bala Adi kA vicAra kara svayaM vahA~ Ave aura prAyazcitta de| athavA gItArtha ziSya ko samajhAkara bheje| yadi gItArtha ziSya na ho to AlocanA kA sandeza lAne vAle ke sAtha hI sAMketika bhASAoM meM aticAra-zuddhi ke lie prAyazcitta kA saMdeza bheje-yaha prAjJAvyavahAra hai / 2 dhAraNAvyavahAra kisI gItArtha zramaNa ne dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se jisa aticAra kA jo prAyazcitta diyA hai, usakI dhAraNA karake jo zramaNa usI prakAra ke aticAra sevana karane vAle ko dhAraNAnusAra prAyazcitta AgamavyavahAra kI kalpanA se tIna bheda kiye jA sakate hai utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya / 1. kevalajJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedhapUrNa utkRSTa AgamavyavahAra hai, kyoMki kevalajJAna sakala pratyakSa hai| 2. manaHparyavajJAna aura avadhijJAna yadyapi vikala (deza) pratyakSa haiM phira bhI ye donoM jJAna Atma-sApekSa haiM, isaliye mana:paryavajJAniyoM yA avadhijJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha (madhyama) AgamavyavahAra hai| 3. caudaha pUrva, daza pUrva aura nava pUrva (sampUrNa) yadyapi viziSTa zruta haiM, phira bhI parokSa haiM, ataH inake dhAraka dvArA prarUpita yA Acarita vidhi-niSedha bhI AgamavyavahAra hai, kintu yaha jaghanya AyamavyavahAra hai| 2. so vavahAra vihaNNU, aNumajjittA suttovaeseNa / sIsassa dei appaM, tassa imaM dehi pacchittaM / / --vyava0 bhA0 u0 10 gA0661 / [20]
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________________ detA hai, vaha dhAraNAvyavahAra hai| athavA -vaiyAvatya arthAta sevAkAryoM se jisa zramaNa ne gaNa kA upakAra kiyA hai vaha yadi chedazruta na sIkha sake to guru mahArAja use katipaya prAyazcitta padoM kI dhAraNA karAte haiM yaha bhI dhAraNAvyavahAra hai| jItavyavahAra sthiti, kalpa, maryAdA aura vyavasthA--ye 'jIta' ke paryAyavAcI haiM / gItArtha dvArA pravartita zuddha vyavahAra jItavyavahAra hai| zrutokta prAyazcitta se hIna yA adhika kintu paramparA se Acarita prAyazcitta denA jItavyavahAra hai| sUtrokta kAraNoM ke atirikta kAraNa upasthita hone para jo aticAra lage haiM unakA pravartita prAyazcitta aneka gItArthoM dvArA Acarita ho to vaha bhI jItavyavahAra hai| aneka gItArthoM dvArA nirdhArita evaM sarvasammata vidhi-niSedha bhI jItavyavahAra hai|' vyavahArapaMcaka ke kramabhaMga kA prAyazcitta AgamavyavahAra ke hote huye yadi koI zrutavyavahAra kA prayoga karatA hai to cAra guru ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| isI prakAra zratavyavahAra ke hote huye prAjJAvyavahAra kA prayogakartA, yAjJAvyavahAra ke hote haye dhAraNAvyavahAra kA prayogakartA tathA dhAraNAvyavahAra ke hote huye jItavyavahAra kA prayogakartA cAra guru ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vyavahArapaMcaka kA prayoga pUrvAnupUrvIkrama se arthAt anukrama se hI ho sakatA hai kintu pazcAnupUrvIkrama se arthAt viparItakrama se prayoga karanA sarvathA niSiddha hai| AgamavyavahArI AgamavyavahAra se hI vyavahAra karate hai; anya zrutAdi vyavahAroM se nahIM kyoMki jisa samaya sUrya kA prakAza ho usa samaya dIpaka ke prakAza kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| ki puNa guNovaeso, vavahArassa u ciu pasatthasma / eso bhe parikahiyo, duvAlasaMgassa gavaNIyaM / __-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 724 / jaM jItaM sAvajja, na teNa jIeNa hoi bvhaaro| jaM jIyamasAvajjaM, teNa u jIeNa vvhaaro|| -vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 715 / ja jassa pacchittaM, pAyariyaparaMparAe aviruddha / jogA ya bahu vigappA, emo khalu jItakappo / / -vyava0 bhASya pIbikA gAthA 12 / jaM jIyamasohikaraM, pAsattha-pamatta-saMjayAINNaM / jai vi mahAjaNAinna, na teNa jIeNa bvhaaro|| jaM jIyaM sohikara, saMvegaparAyaNena datteNa / egeNa vi pAiNNaM, teNa u jIeNa bvhaaro|| .-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 720, 721 / [21]
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________________ jItavyavahAra tIrtha (jahA~ taka caturvidha saMgha rahatA hai vahA~ taka) paryanta rahatA hai / anya vyavahAra vicchinna ho jAte haiN|' kuprAvanikavyavahAra anAja meM, rasa meM, phala meM aura phala meM hone vAle jIvoM kI hiMsA ho jAve to ghI cATane se zuddhi ho jAtI hai| kapAsa, rezama, Una, ekakhura aura dokhura vAle pazu, pakSI, sugandhita padArtha, auSadhiyoM aura rajju Adi kI corI kare to tIna dina dUdha pIne se zuddhi ho jAtI hai| Rgveda dhAraNa karane vAlA vipra tInoM loka ko mAre yA kahIM bhI bhojana kare to use kisI prakAra kA pApa nahIM lagatA hai| grISmaRtu meM paMcAgni tapa karanA, varSARtu meM varSA barasate samaya bitA chAyA ke baiThanA aura zaradaRtu meM mIle vastra pahane rahanA-isa prakAra kramazaH tapa bar3hAnA cAhiye / " vyavahArI vyavahArajJa, vyavahArI, vyavahartA-ye samAnArthaka haiN| jo priyadharmI ho, dRr3hadharmI ho, vairAgyavAna ho, pApabhIru ho, sUtrArtha kA jJAtA ho aura rAga-dveSarahita (pakSapAtarahita) ho vaha vyavahArI hotA hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, aticArasevI puruSa aura pratisevanA kA cintana karake yadi kisI ko aticAra ke anurUpa prAgamavihita prAyazcitta detA hai to vyavahArajJa (prAyazcittadAtA) aArAdhaka hotA hai| 1. gAhA-suttamaNAgayavisayaM, khettaM kAlaM ca pappa vvhaaro| hohiti na AillA, jA titthaM tAva jIto u / / ---vyava0 10 bhASya gAthA 55 / annAdyajAnAM sattvAnAM, rasajAnAM ca sarvazaH / phalapuSpodbhavAnAM ca, ghRtaprAzo vizodhanam // ---manu0 a0 11/143 / kAsakITajIrNAnAM, dvizaphaikazaphasya ca / pakSigandhauSadhInAM ca, rajjvAzcaiva tyahaM payaH / / -manu0 a0 11/16 / 4. hatvA lokAnapImAMstrI, nazyannapi yatastataH / RgvedaM dhArayanvipro, nainaH prApnoti kiJcana // .-manu0 a0 11/261 / grISme paJcatapAstusyAdvarSA svabhrAvakAzikaH / ArdravAsAstu hemante, kramazo vrdhystpH|| -manu0 a0 6/23 / 6. ka-piyadhammA daDhadhammA, saMviggA ceva dajjabhIrU a| suttattha tadubhayaviU, aNissiya vavahArakArI ya / / --vya0 bhASya pIThikA gAthA 14 / kha-1 prAcAravAn, 2 aAdhAravAn, 3 vyavahAravAn, 4 apanIDaka, 5 prakArI, 6 aparizrAvI, 7 niryApaka, 8 apAyadarzI, 9 priyadharmI, 10 dRddh'dhrmii| ThANaM0 10, sU0 733 / ga-vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 243 / 245 / 246 / 247 / 298 / 300 / [ 22 ]
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________________ dravya, kSetra prAdi kA cintana kiye binA rAga-dveSapUrvaka hInAdhika prAyazcitta detA hai vaha vyavahArajJa (prAyazcittadAtA) virAdhaka hotA hai|' vyavahartavya vyavahartavya vyavahAra karane yogya nirgrantha haiN| ye aneka prakAra ke haiN| nirgrantha cAra prakAra ke haiM1. ekarAnika hotA hai kintu bhArIkarmA hotA hai, ata: vaha dharma kA anArAdhaka hotA hai| 2. ekarAnika hotA hai aura halukarmA hotA hai, ataH vaha dharma kA pArAdhaka hotA hai|| 3. eka avamarAtnika hotA hai aura bhArIkarmA hotA hai, ataH vaha dharma kA anArAdhaka hotA hai / 4. eka avamarAnika hotA hai kintu halukarmA hotA hai, ata: vaha dharma kA ArAdhaka hotA haiN| isI prakAra nirgranthiyA~ bhI cAra prakAra kI hotI haiN| 4 nirgrantha pAMca prakAra ke haiM--. 1. pulAka--jisakA saMyamI jIvana bhUse ke samAna sArarahita hotA hai| yadyapi tattva meM zraddhA rakhatA hai, kriyAnuSThAna bhI karatA hai, kintu tapAnuSThAna se prApta labdhi kA upayoga bhI karatA hai aura jJAnAticAra lageaisA bartana-vyavahAra rakhatA hai| 2. bakuza-ye do prakAra ke hote haiM--upakaraNabakuza aura zarIrabakuza / jo upakaraNoM ko evaM zarIra ko sajAne meM lagA rahatA hai aura Rddhi tathA yaza kA icchuka rahatA hai / chedaprAyazcitta yogya aticAroM kA sevana karatA hai| 3. kuzIla- yaha do prakAra kA hai-1 pratisevanAkuzIla aura 2 kaSAyakuzIla / pratisevanAkuzIla jo piNDazuddhi Adi uttaraguNoM meM aticAra lagAte haiM / kaSAyakuzIla-jo yadA kadA saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya se svabhAvadazA meM sthira nahIM raha pAtA / 4. nimrantha-upazAntamoha nirgrantha / 5. snAtaka--sayogIkevalI aura ayogiikevlii| ina pAMca nirgranthoM ke aneka bheda-prabheda haiN| ye saba vyavahArya haiN| jaba taka prathama saMhanana aura caudaha pUrva kA jJAna rahA taba taka pUrvokta dasa prAyazcitta diye jAte the| inake 1. gAhA--jo suyamahijjai, bahaM suttatthaM ca niuNaM vijANAi / kappe vavahAraMmi ya, so u pamANaM suyaharANaM / / kappassa ya nijjutti vavahArassa va paramaniuNassa / jo atthato viyANai, bavahArI so annunnnnaato|| 2. jo dIkSAparyAya meM bar3A ho / 3. jo dIkSAparyAya meM choTA ho / ThANaM04, u0 3, sUtra 320 / -vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 605, 607 >> [ 23 ]
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________________ vicchanna hone para anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta bhI vicchanna ho gaye -arthAt ye donoM prAyazcitta ava nahIM diye jAte haiN| zeSa ATha prAyazcitta tIrtha (caturvidhasaMgha) paryanta diye jaayeNge| pulAka ko vyutsarmaparyanta chaha prAyazcitta die jAte the| pratisevakabakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla ko dasoM prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| sthaviroM ko anabasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta nahIM diye jAte; zeSa ATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| nirgrantha ko kevala do prAyazcitta diye jA sakate haiM-1 AlocanA, 2 viveka / snAtaka kevala eka prAyazcitta letA hai-viveka / unheM koI prAyazcitta detA nahIM hai|' 1 sAmAyikacAritra vAle ko cheda aura mUla rahita ATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 2 chedopasthApanIyacAritra vAle ko dasoM prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 3 parihAravizuddhicAritra vAle ko mUlaparyanta pATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 4 sUkSmasaMparAyacAritra vAle ko tathA 5 yathAkhyAtacAritra vAle ko kevala do prAyazcita diye jAte haiM1 aAlocanA aura 2 viveka / ye saba vyavahArya haiM / 2 vyavahAra ke prayoga vyavahArajJa jaba ukta vyavahArapaMcaka meM se kisI eka vyavahAra kA kisI eka vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya zramaNa yA zramaNI) ke sAtha prayoga karatA hai to vidhi ke niSedhaka ko yA niSedha ke vidhAyaka ko prAyazcitta detA hai taba vyavahAra zabda prAyazcitta rUpa tapa kA paryAyavAcI ho jAtA hai| ataH yahA~ prAyazcitta rUpa tapa kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai| 1 gurukaH, 2 laghuka, 3 laghusvaka / guruka ke tIna bheda 1 guruka, 2 gurutaraka aura 3 yathAguruka / gAhA---pAloyaNapaDikkamaNe, mIsa-vivege taheva viussagge / eecha pacchittA, pUlAganiyaMThAya bodhavvA / / bausapaDisevagANaM, pAyacchinnA havaM ti savve vi / bhave kappe, jiNakappe ahA hoti / / pAloyaNA vivego ya, niyaMThassa duve bhave / vivego ya siNAyassa, emeyA pddivttito|| -vyava0 10 bhASya gAthA 357, 58, 59 sAmAiyasaMjayANaM, pAyacchittA, cheda-mUlarahiyaTThA / therANaM jiNANaM puNa, mUlata avhA hoii|| parihAravisuddhIe, mUlaM tA aTTAti pcchittaa| therANaM jiNANaM puNa, javihaM cheyAdivajja vA / / pAloyaNA-vivego ya taiyaM tu na vijjtii| suhumeya saMparAe, ahakkhAe taheva ya // -vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 361-62-63-64 / [ 24 ]
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________________ laghu ke tIna bheda 1. laghuka, 2. laghutaraka aura 3. yathAlaghuka / laghusvaka ke tIna bheda 1. laghusvaka, 2. laghusvataraka aura 3. yathAlaghusvaka / guru prAyazcitta mahA prAyazcitta hotA hai usakI anadadhAtika saMjJA hai| isa prAyazcitta ke jitane dina nizcita haiM aura jitanA tapa nirdhArita hai vaha tapa utane hI dinoM meM pUrA hotA hai| yaha tapa pikApratisevanA vAloM ko hI diyA jAtA hai| guruka vyavahAra : prAyazcita tapa 1. guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsa paryanta aTThama telA (tIna dina upavAsa) 2. gurutara prAyazcitta- cAra mAsa paryanta dazama '.---colA (cAra dina kA upavAsa) 3. gurutara prAyazcita--chaha mAsa paryanta dvAdazama3-pacolA (pAMca dina kA upvaas)| laghuka vyavahAra/prAyazcita tapa 1. laghu prAyazcitta--tIsa dina paryanta chadra--belA (do upavAsa) 2. laghutara prAyazcitta-pacIsa dina paryanta cauttha' - upavAsa / 3. yathAlaghu prAyazcita--bIsa dina paryanta AcAmla / ' 1. laghusvaka prAyazcitta-pandraha dina paryanta eka sthAnaka --(egalaThANo) 2. laghusvataraka prAyazcitta-dasa dina paryanta-pUrvArdha (do porasI) 3. yathAlaghusvaka prAyazcitta-pAMca dina paryanta--nivikRtika (vikRtirahita AhAra) / 1. eka mAsa meM pATha adrama hote haiM--- inameM cauvIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura ATha dina pAraNA ke| antima pAraNe kA dina yadi chor3a deM to eka mAma (ikatIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai| meM chaha dasama hote haiM inameM caubIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura chaha dina pAraNe ke isa prakAra eka mAsa (tIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai / 3. eka mAsa meM pA~ca dvAdazama hote haiM-inameM pacIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura pA~ca dina pAraNe ke isa prakAra eka mAsa (tIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai| 4. tIsa dina meM dasa chuTTa hote haiM- inameM bIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura dasa dina pAraNe ke hote haiN| meM teraha upavAsa hote haiM. inameM teraha dina tapazcaryA ke aura bAraha dina pAraNe ke / antima pAraNe kA dina yahA~ nahIM ginA hai| 6. bIsa dina meM dasa AcAmla hote haiM-inameM dasa dina tapazcaryA ke aura dasa dina pAraNe ke hote haiM / 7. pandraha dina eka sthAnaka nirantara kiye jAte haiN| 8. dasa dina pUrvArdha nirantara kiye jAte haiN| 9. pAMca dina nirvikRtika AhAra nirantara kiyA jAtA hai| 10. vaha0 udde0 5 bhASya gAthA 6039-6044 / [25]
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________________ guru prAyazcita tapa ke tIna vibhAga1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama aura 3. utkRSTa / 1. jaghanya guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsika aura dvaimAsika / 2. madhyama guru prAyazcitta--traimAsika aura cAturmAsika / 3. utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta-pAMcamAsika aura pANmAsika / jaghanya guru prAyazcitta tapa hai--eka mAsa yA do mAsa paryanta nirantara aTTama tapa krnaa| madhyama guru prAyazcitta tapa hai--tIna mAsa yA cAra mAsa paryanta nirantara dazama tapa krnaa| utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta tapa hai-pA~ca mAsa yA chaha mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa krnaa| isI prakAra lagha prAyazcitta tapa ke aura laghasvaka tapa ke bhI tIna-tIna vibhAga haiN| tathA tapa kI ArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta mAsa krama se hI kI jAtI hai| utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta ke tIna vibhAga-- 1. utkRSTa-utkRSTa, 2. utkRSTa-madhyama, 3. utkRSTa-jaghanya / 1. utkRSTa-utkRSTa guru prAyazcita-pA~ca mAsa yA chaha mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / 2. utkRSTa-madhyama guru prAyazcitta-tIna mAsa yA cAra mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / 3. utkRSTa-jaghanya guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsa yA do mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / isI prakAra madhyama guru prAyazcitta ke tIna vibhAga aura jaghanya guru prAyazcitta ke bhI tIna vibhAga haiN| tapArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta krama se hI kI jAtI hai| utkRSTa lagha prAyazcitta, madhyama lagha prAyazcitta, jaghanya lagha prAyazcitta ke tIna, tIna vibhAga tathA utkRSTa laghusvaka prAyazcitta, madhyama ladhusvaka prAyazcitta aura jaghanya laghusvaka prAyazcitta ke bhI tIna, tIna vibhAga haiN| tapArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta mAsakrama se hai| vizeSa jAnane ke liye vyavahAra bhASya kA adhyayana karanA caahiye| vyavahAra (prAyazcitta) ko upAdeyatA pra0-bhagavana ! prAyazcitta se jIva ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ? u0--prAyazcitta se pApakarma kI vizuddhi hotI hai aura cAritra niraticAra hotA hai| samyak prakAra se prAyazcitta karane para mArga (samyagdarzana) aura mArgaphala (jJAna) kI vizuddhi hotI hai| prAcAra aura prAcAraphala (muktimArga) kI zuddhi hotI hai|' 1. (ka) utta0 a0 29 (kha) pAvaM chidai jamhA, pAyacchittaM tu bhannae teNaM / pAeNa vA vicittaM, visohae teNa pacchittaM // -vyava. bhASya pIThikA, gAthA 35 (ga) prAyaH pApaM samuddiSTaM, cittaM tasya vizodhanam / yadA prAyasya tapasa: cittam nizcaya iti smRtii| (gha) prAyasya pApasya cittaM vizodhanam prAyazcittam / [ 26 ]
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________________ prAyazcitta ke bheda-prabheda 1. jJAna-prAyazcitta-jJAna ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta krnaa|' 2. darzana-prAyazcitta-darzana ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta krnaa| 3. cAritra prAyazcitta-cAritra ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta karanA / 3 4. viyatta kiccapAyacchitte---isa caturtha prAyazcita ke do pAThAntara haiM 1. viyattakiccapAyacchitte-vyaktakRtya prAyazcita / 2. ciyattakiccapAyacchitte-tyaktakRtya prAyazcita / ka---vyaktakRtya prAyazcitta ke do artha haiM--(1) vyakta---arthAta AcArya unake dvArA nirdiSTa prAyazcitta kRtya pApa kA parihAraka hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki AcArya yadA-kadA kisI ko prAyazcitta dete haiM to ve aticArasevI ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi dekhakara dete haiN| prAcArya dvArA diye gaye prAyazcitta kA ullekha dazAkalpa-vyavahAra Adi meM ho yA na ho phira bhI usa prAyazcitta se Atmazuddhi avazya hotI hai| ___kha----vyakta arthAt spaSTa cheda sUtra nirdiSTa prAyazcitta kRtya / bhinna bhinna aticAroM ke bhinna-bhinna (mAlocanAdi kRtya) prAyazcitta / ka-tyakta kRtyaprAyazcitta ---jo kRtya tyakta haiM unakA prAyazcitta / kha--ciyatta--kA eka artha 'prItikara' bhI hotA hai| prAcArya ke prItikara kRtya vaiyAvRtya Adi bhI prAyazcitta rUpa haiN| dasa prakAra ke prAyazcitta(1) pAlocanA yogya-jina aticAroM kI zUddhi prAlocanA se ho sakatI hai aise aticAroM kI AlocanA (Ga) jisa prakAra laukika vyavahAra meM sAmAjika yA rAjanaitika aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa dene kA vidhAna hai--isau prakAra mUlaguNa yA uttaraguNa sambandhI (1) atikrama, (2) vyatikrama, (3) aticAra aura (4) anAcAraseviyoM ko prAyazcitta dene kA vidhAna hai| sAmAnyatayA daNDa aura prAyazcitta samAna pratIta hote haiM, kintu daNDa krUra hotA hai aura prAyazcitta apekSAkRta komala hotA hai| daNDa anicchApUrvaka svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai aura prAyazcitta svecchApUrvaka svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai / daNDa se bAsanAoM kA damana hotA hai aura prAyazcitta se zamana hotA hai| 1. jJAna ke caudaha aticAra / 2. darzana ke pA~ca aticAra / 3. cAritra ke ekasau chaha (106) aticAra pAMca mahAvrata se paccIsa aticAra / rAtribhojana tyAga ke do aticaar| iryAsamiti ke cAra aticAra / bhASAsamiti ke do aticaar| eSaNA samiti ke seMtAlIsa aticaar| AdAna nikSepaNA samiti ke do ati cAra / pariSThApanA samiti ke dasa praticAra / tIna gupti ke 9 aticaar| saMlekhanA ke 5 aticAra 4. 'ciyatta' kA 'prItikara' arthasUcaka saMskRta rUpAntara milatA nahIM hai| -ardhamAgadhIkoza bhAga 2 ciyattazabda pR0 628 [ 27 ]
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________________ karanA AlocanA yogya prAyazcitta hai| eSaNA samiti aura pariSThApanA samiti ke aticAra prAyaH AlocanA yogya haiN| (2) pratikramaNayoMgya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi pratikramaNa se ho sakatI hai, aise aticAroM kA pratikramaNa karanA--pratikramaNa yogya hai| samitiyoM evaM guptiyoM ke aticAra prAyaH pratikramaNa yogya haiN| (3) ubhayayogya----jina aticAroM kI zuddhi AlocanA aura pratikramaNa-donoM se hI ho sakatI hai aise aticAroM kI AlocanA tathA unakA pratikramaNa karanA-ubhaya yogya prAyazcitta hai| ekendriyAdi jIvoM kA abhidhAna karane se yAvata sthAnAntaraNa karane se jo aticAra hote haiM ve ubhaya prAyazci yogyatta haiN| (4) vivekayogya-jina aticAroM ko zuddhi viveka arthAt parityAga se hotI hai aise aticAroM kA parityAga karanA viveka (tyAga) yogya prAyazcitta hai| AdhAkarma AhAra yadi A jAya to usakA parityAga karanA hI vivekayogya prAyazcitta hai|| (5) vyutsarga yogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi kAyika kriyAoM kA avarodha karake dhyeya meM upayoga sthira karane se hotI hai aise aticAra vyutsarga prAyazcitta yogya haiN| nadI pAra karane ke bAda kiyA jAne vAlA kAyotsarga vyutsarga yogya prAyazcitta hai| (6) tapayogya-jina aticAroM kI zUddhi tapa se hI ho sakatI hai--aise aticAra tapa prAyazcitta yogya haiN| nizIthasUtra nirdiSTa aticAra prAyaH tapa (murumAsa, laghumAsa) prAyazcitta yogya haiN| (7) chedayogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi dIkSA cheda se ho sakatI hai ve aticAra cheda prAyazcitta yogya haiN| pA~ca mahAvratoM ke katipaya aticAra cheda prAyazcitta yogya haiN| (8) mUlayogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi mahAvratoM ke puna: AropaNa karane se hI ho sakatI hai, aise anAcAra mUla prAyazcitta ke yogya hote haiM / eka yA eka se adhika mahAvratoM kA hone vAlA mUla prAyazcitta yogya hai / (9) anavasthApyayogya-jina anAcAroM kI zuddhi vrata evaM veSa rahita karane para hI ho sakatI hai-aise anAcAra anavasthApya prAyazcitta yogya hote haiM / akAraNa apavAda mArga sevana meM Asakta, eka aticAra kA aneka bAra AcaraNakartA, tathA eka sAtha aneka aticAra sevanakartA cheda prAyazcitta yogya hotA hai| jisa prakAra zeSa aMga kI rakSA ke liye vyAdhivikRta aMga kA chedana atyAvazyaka hai-isI prakAra zeSa vrata paryAya kI rakSA ke liye dUSita vrata paryAya kA chedana bhI atyAvazyaka hai| 2. eka bAra yA aneka bAra paMcendriya prANiyoM kA vadha karane vAlA, zIla bhaMga karane vAlA, saMkliSTa saMkalpapUrvaka mRSAvAda bolane vAlA, adattAdAna karane vAlA, parigraha rakhane vAlA, para-liMga (parivrAjakAdi kA veSa) dhAraNa karane vAlA tathA gRhasthaliMga dhAraNa karane vAlA mUla prAyazcitta yogya hotA hai| 3. anavasthApya prAyazcitta yogya tIna haiM-- 1. sAdhamika kI corI karane vAlA, 2. anyarmiyoM kI corI karane vAlA, 3. daNDa, lAThI yA mukke Adi se prahAra karane vaalaa| -ThANaM0 3, u04 sU0 201 [28]
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________________ (10) pArAMcika yogya-jina anAcAroM kI zuddhi gRhastha kA veSa dhAraNa karAne para aura bahuta lambe samaya taka nirdhArita tapa kA anuSThAna karAne para hI ho sakatI hai aise anAcAra pArAMcikaprAyazcitta yogya hote haiN| isa prAyazcitta vAlA vyakti upAzraya, grAma aura deza se bahiSkRta kiyA jAtA hai| prAyazcitta ke pramukha kAraNa 1. atikrama-doSasevana kA saMkalpa / 2. vyatikrama-doSasevana ke sAdhanoM kA saMgraha karanA / 3. aticAra-doSasevana prArambha krnaa| 4. anAcAra-~-doSasevana kara lenaa| atikrama ke tIna bheda1. jJAna kA atikrama, 2. darzana kA atikrama, 3. cAritra kA atikrm| isI prakAra jJAna kA vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra haiM / darzana aura cAritra ke bhI tIna-tIna bheda haiN| jJAna kA atikrama tIna prakAra kA hai ---- 1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama, 3. utkRSTa / isI prakAra jJAna kA vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra haiN| darzana aura cAritra ke bhI tIna-tIna bheda haiN| jJAnAdi kA atikrama ho gayA ho to guru ke samakSa AlocanA karanA, pratikramaNa karanA tathA nindA, gahare Adi karake zuddhi karanA, punaH doSasevana na karane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa karanA tathA prAyazcitta rUpa tapa karanA / isI prakAra ke jJAna ke vyatikramAdi tathA darzana-cAritra ke atikramAdi kI zuddhi karanI caahie|' 1. ThANaM0 6, sU0 489 / ThANaM0 8, sU0 605 / ThANaM0 9, sU0 688 / ThANaM0 10, sU0 733 / pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya pA~ca haiM1. jo kula (gaccha) meM rahakara paraspara kalaha karAtA ho| 2. jo gaNa meM rahakara paraspara kalaha karAtA ho| 3. jo hiMsAprekSI ho, 4. jo chidrapremI ho, 5. praznazAstra kA bArambAra prayoga karatA ho| -ThAgaM 5, u01 sU0 398 / pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya tIna haiM1. duSTa pArAMcika 2. pramatta pArAMcika 3. anyo'nya maithanasevI pArAMcika / anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta ke sambandha meM vizeSa jAnane ke liye vyavahArabhAzya dekhanA caahiye| 2. (ka) ThANaM 3 u04 sU0 195 / (kha) asvAdhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya karane kA saMkalpa karanA jJAna kA atikrama hai / pustaka lene jAnA- jJAna kA vyatikrama hai / svAdhyAya prArambha karanA jJAna kA aticAra hai| pUrNa svAdhyAya karanA jJAna kA anAcAra hai| isI prakAra darzana tathA cAritra ke atikramAdi samajhane caahie| [29]
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________________ pratisevanA ke dasa prakAra 1. darpapratisevanA-ahaMkArapUrvaka akRtya sevana / 2. pramAdapratisevanA-nidrAdi pAMca prakAra ke pramAdavaza akRtya sevana / 3. anAbhoga pratisevanA--vismRtipUrvaka anicchA se prakRtya sevana / 4. prAturapratisevanA-rugNAvasthA meM akRtya sevana / 5. ApattipratisevanA-dubhikSAdi kAraNoM se akRtya sevana / 6. zaMkita pratisevanA-AzaMkA se prakRtya sevana / 7. sahasAkAra pratisevanA-akasmAt yA balAtkAra se prakRtya sevana / 8. bhayapratimevanA-bhaya se akRtya sevana / 9. pravaSapratisevanA-dveSabhAva se akRtya sevana / 10. vimarzapratisevanA-ziSya kI parIkSA ke nimitta prakRtya sevana / ye pratisevanAyeM saMkSepa meM do prakAra kI haiM-dapikA aura kalpikA / rAga-dveSa pUrvaka jo akRtya sevana kiyA jAtA hai vaha dapikA pratisevanA hai| isa pratisevanA se pratisevaka virAdhaka hotA hai| rAga-dveSa rahita pariNAmoM se jo pratisevanA ho jAtI hai yA kI jAtI hai vaha kalpikA pratisevanA hai| isakA pratisevaka ArAdhaka hotA hai| pATha prakAra ke jJAnAticAra1. kAlAticAra-akAla meM svAdhyAya karanA / 2. vinayAticAra-zruta kA adhyayana karate samaya jAti aura kula mada se guru kA vinaya na krnaa| 3. bahumAnAticAra-zruta aura guru kA sanmAna na krnaa| 4. upadhAnAticAra-zruta kI vAcanA lete samaya prAcAmlAdi tapana krnaa| 5. nihnavanAbhidhAnAticAra-guru kA nAma chipaanaa| 6. vyaMjanAticAra-hInAdhika akSaroM kA uccAraNa krnaa| 7. arthAticAra-prasaMga saMgata artha na karanA / arthAta viparIta artha krnaa| 8. ubhayAticAra-hasva kI jagaha dIrgha uccAraNa karanA, dIrgha kI jagaha hrasva uccAraNa karanA / udAtta __ ke sthAna meM anudAtta kA aura anudAtta ke sthAna meM udAtta kA uccAraNa karanA / atikrama, vyatikrama aura aticAra ye tIna saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya se hote haiM-inakI zuddhi AlocanAha se lekara tapo'haMparyanta prAyazcittoM se hotI hai / cheda, mUlA, anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya aticAra aura anAcAra zeSa bAraha kaSAyoM (anantAnubandhI 4, apratyAkhyAnI 4, pratyAkhyAnI 4) ke udaya se hote haiN| 1. gAhA--rAgaddosANugayA, tu dappiyA kappiyA tu tdbhaavaa| prArAdhaNA u kappe, virAdhaNA hoti dappeNa // -bRha0 u04 bhASya mAthA 4943 / 2. savve vi aiyArA saMjalaNANaM udayao hoMti // -abhi0 koSa---'aiyAra' zabda / [30]
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________________ prakaTa aura pracchanna doSa sevana atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra-ina cAra prakAra ke doSoM kA sevana karane vAle zramaNazramaNiyAM cAra prakAra ke haiM 1. kucha zramaNa-dhamaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa karate haiM arthAt pracchanna nahIM karate haiN| 2. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiM arthAt prakaTa nahIM karate haiN| 3. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa bhI karate haiM aura pracchanna bhI karate haiN| 4. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana na prakaTa karate haiM aura na pracchanna karate haiN|' prathama bhaMga vAle--zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ anuzAsana meM nahIM rahane vAle avinIta, svacchanda, prapaMcI evaM nirlajja hote haiM aura ve pApabhIrU nahIM hote haiM ataH doSoM kA sevana prakaTa karate haiN| dvitIya bhaMga vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ do prakAra ke hote haiM-ata: doSa kA sevana prakaTa karate haiM / yathA prazasta bhAvanA vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ yadi yadA-kadA ukta doSoM kA sevana karate haiM to pracchanna karate haiM, kyoMki ve svayaM paristhitivaza Atmika' durbalatA ke kAraNa doSoM kA sevana karate haiM isalie aisA socate haiM ki mujhe doSa-sevana karate haye dekhakara anya zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ doSa-sevana na kareM ataH ve doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiN| aprazasta bhAvanA vAle...mAyAvI zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ loka-lajjA ke bhaya se yA zraddhAlujanoM kI zraddhA mere para banI rahe isa saMkalpa se ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa nahIM karate haiM apitu chipakara karate haiN| tRtIya bhaMga vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ vaMcaka prakRti ke hote haiM ve sAmAnya doSoM kA sevana to prakaTa karate haiM kintu sazakta (prabala) doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiM / ___yadi unheM koI sAmAnya doSa sevana karate huye dekhatA hai to ve kahate haiM-'sAmAnya doSa to isa paMcamakAla meM sabhI ko lagate haiN| ata: ina doSoM se bacanA asambhava hai|' caturtha bhaMga bAle---zramaNa-zramaNiyAM sacce vairAgya vAle hote haiM, mumukSu aura svAdhyAyazIla bhI hote haiM prataH ve ukta doSoM kA sevana na prakaTa karate haiM, na pracchanna karate haiM / prathama tIna bhaMga vAle zramaNa-zramaNiyoM dvArA sevita doSoM kI zUddhi ke lie hI vyavahArasutra nirdiSTa prAyazcitta-vidhAna hai| aMtima caturtha bhaMga vAle zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ niraticAra cAritra ke pAlaka hote haiM ataH unake lie kisI bhI prakAra ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna nahIM hai| vyavahArazuddhi kaThina bhI, sarala bhI prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva AdinAtha ke dharmazAsana meM zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ prAyaH Rju-sarala hote the para jaDa (alpabauddhika vikAsa vAle) hote the| ataH ve sUtra siddhAnta nirdiSTa samAcArI kA paripUrNa jJAna tathA paripUrNa pAlana nahIM kara pAte the| unakI vyavahAra zuddhi duHsAdhya hone kA ekamAtra yahI kAraNa thaa| 1. ThANaM-4, u. 1, sU. 272 [31]
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________________ bAvIsa tIrthaMkaroM (bhagavAn ajitanAtha se bha0 pArzvanAtha paryanta) ke zramaNa-zramaNI prAyaH Rju-prAjJa (sarala aura prabuddha) hote the| ve sUtra siddhAnta pratipAdita samAcArI kA paripUrNa jJAna tathA paripUrNa pAlana karane meM sadA prayatnazIla rahate the ataH unakI vyavahAra zUddhi ati sarala thii| antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA ke zramaNa-zramaNI prAyaH vakrajaDa haiN| dazA, kalpa, vyavahAra prAdi meM vizada zruta samAcArI ke hote huye bhI pratyeka gaccha bhinna-bhinna samAcArI kI prarUpaNA karatA hai| paryuSaNaparva tathA saMvatsarI parva jaise mahAna dhArmika parvo kI ArAdhanA, pakkhI, caumAsI AlocanA bhI vibhinna dinoM meM kI jAtI hai| vakratA aura jar3atA ke kAraNa mUlaguNa tathA uttaragaNoM meM lagane vAle aticAroM kI AlocanA bhI ve sarala hRdaya se nahIM karate ataH unakI vyavahAra zuddhi ati kaThina hai|' pAlocanA aura Alocaka AlocanA-ajJAna, ahaMkAra, pramAda yA paristhitivaza jo utsarga mArga se skhalana arthAta aticAra hotA hai--use guru ke samakSa prakaTa karanA AlocanA hai aura Alocaka vaha hai jo pUrvokta kAraNoM se lage huye aticAroM ko guru ke samakSa prakaTa karatA hai / ___ yadi Alocaka mAyAvI ho aura mAyApUrvaka pAlocanA karatA ho to usako AlocanA kA use acchA phala nahIM milatA hai| yadi pAlocaka mAyAvI nahIM hai aura mAyArahita AlocanA karatA hai to usakI AlocanA kA use acchA phala milatA hai| vyavahArazuddhi ke liye tathA nizcaya (Atma) zuddhi ke liye lage haye aticAroM kI AlocanA karanA anivArya hai kintu sAdhakoM ke vibhinna varga haiN| unameM eka varga aisA hai jo aticAroM kI pAlocanA karatA hI nahIM hai| unakA kahanA hai-hamane aticAra (akRtya) sevana kiye haiM, karate haiM aura karate rheNge| kyoMki deza, kAla aura zArIrika-mAnasika sthitiyAM aisI haiM ki hamArA saMyamI jIvana niraticAra rahe.-aisA hameM saMbhava nahIM lagatA hai ata: AlocanA se kyA lAbha hai yaha to hastisnAna jaisI prakriyA hai| aticAra lage AlocanA kI aura phira aticAra lage--yaha cakra calatA hI rahatA hai| unakA yaha cintana avivekapUrNa hai kyoMki vastra pahane haiM, pahanate haiM aura pahanate raheMge to pahane gaye vastra malina huye haiM, hote haiM aura hote raheMge--'phira vastra zuddhi se kyA lAbha hai !'---yaha kahanA kahA~ taka ucita hai ? ba taka vastra pahananA hai taba taka unheM zuddha rakhanA bhI eka kartavya hai. kyoMki vastrazuddhi ke bhI kaI lAbha haiM-pratidina zuddha kiye jAne vAle vastra prati malina nahIM hote haiM aura svaccha vastroM se svAsthya bhI samRddha rahatA hai / isI prakAra jaba taka yogoM ke vyApAra haiM aura kaSAya tIvra yA manda hai taba taka aticAra janya karmamala laganA nizcita hai| 1. gAhA-purimANaM dubbisojho u, carimANaM durnnupaalo| kappo majjhimagANaM tu, suvisojho supAlo / --utta. a. 23, gAthA --27 / [ 32]
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________________ pratidina aticAroM kI aAlocanA karate rahane se AsmA karmamala se pratimalina nahIM hotA hai aura bhAvaprArogya rahatA hai| jyoM jyoM yogoM kA vyApAra avaruddha hotA hai aura kaSAya mandatama hote jAte haiM, tyoM tyoM aticAroM kA laganA pralpa hotA jAtA hai| dvitIya varga aisA hai jo ayaza-akIti, avarNa (nindA) yA avajJA ke bhaya se ayavA yaza-kIrti yA pUjA-satkAra kama ho jAne ke bhaya se aticAroM kI AlocanA hI nahIM krte| tRtIya varga aisA hai jo AlocanA to karatA hai para mAyApUrvaka karatA hai / vaha socatA hai maiM yadi pAlocanA nahIM karUgA to merA vartamAna jIvana gahita ho jAyagA aura bhAvI jIvana bhI vikrata ho jAya karUMgA to merA vartamAna evaM bhAvI jIvana prazasta ho jAyagA athavA pAlocanA kara lUgA to jJAna darzana evaM cAritra kI prApti ho jaaygii| mAyAvI Alocaka ko dugunA prAyazcitta dene kA vidhAna prArambha ke sUtroM meM hai| cauthA varga aisA hai jo mAyArahita AlocanA karatA hai, vaha 1. jAtisampanna, 2. kulasampanna, 3. vinayasampanna, 4. jJAnasampanna, 5. darzanasampanna, 6. cAritrasampanna, 7. kSamAzIla, 8. nigrahazIla, 9, amAyI, 10. apazcAttApI / aise sAdhakoM kA yaha varga hai / inakA vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM zuddha hote haiM / __ pAlocaka gItArtha ho yA agItArtha, unheM AlocanA sadA gItArtha ke sAmane hI karanI cAhiye / gItArtha ke abhAva meM kina ke sAmane karanA caahiye|' unakA eka krama hai--jo chedasUtroM ke svAdhyAya se jAnA jA sakatA hai| vyavahArasUtra kA sampAdana kyoM saMyamI AtmAoM ke jIvana kA carama lakSya hai -"nizcayazuddhi' arthAt AtmA kI (karma-mala se) sarvathA mukti aura isake liye vyavahArasUtra pratipAdita vyavahArazuddhi anivArya hai| jisaprakAra zArIrika svAsthyalAbha ke liye udarazuddhi Avazyaka hai aura udarazuddhi ke liye AhArazuddhi atyAvazyaka hai-isI prakAra prAdhyAtmika ArogyalAbha ke lie nizcayazuddhi Avazyaka hai aura nizcayazuddhi ke liye vyavahArazuddhi Avazyaka hai| kyoMki vyavahArazuddhi ke binA nizcayazuddhi sarvathA asaMbhava hai| sAMsArika jIvana meM vyavahArazuddhi vAle (rupaye-paisoM ke dene lene meM prAmANika) ke sAtha hI lena-dena kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| AdhyAtmika jIvana meM bhI vyavahArazuddha sAdhaka ke sAtha hI kRtikarmAdi (vandana-pUjanAdi) vyavahAra kiye jAte haiN| 1. gAhA-pAyariyapAyamUlaM, gaMtUrNa sai parakkame / tAhe savveNa attasohI, kAyavvA esa uveso|| jaha sakusalo vi vejjo, annassa kahei attaNo vAhi / vejjassa ya so souto, paDikamma samArabhate // jAyAMteNa vi evaM, pAyacchittavihimappaNo niuNaM / taha vi ya pAgaDatarayaM, pAloedavvayaM hoi / jaha bAlo jappaMto, kajjamakajjaM ca ujjuyaM bhaNai / taM taha pAloijjA mAyAmaya vippamukko u / .-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 460-471 / [ 33 ]
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________________ vyavahArasUtra pratipAdita pAMca vyavahAroM se saMyamI prAtmAoM kA vyavahArapakSa zuddha (aticArajanya pApamala-rahita) hotA hai| grantha meM prakAzita chedasUtroM ke liye katipaya vicAra vyakta kiye haiN| isa lekhana meM mere dvArA pUrva meM sampAdita aAyAradasA, kappasuttaM chedasUtroM meM paNDitaratna muni zrI vijayamunijI zAstrI ke "prAcAradazA: eka anuzIlana" aura upAdhyAya muni zrI phUlacandajI 'zramaNa ke "bRhatkalpasUtra kI utthAnikA" ke prAvazyaka lekhAMzoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| etadartha munidvaya kA sadhanyavAda AbhAra mAnatA huuN| vistRta vivecana Adi likhane kA kArya zrI tilokamunijI ma. ne kiyA hai| ataeva pAThakagaNa apanI jijJAsAnoM ke samAdhAna ke liye munizrI se saMparka karane kI kRpA kreN| ----muni kanhaiyAlAla "kamala" [ 34 ]
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________________ prastAvanA trINi chedasUtrANi : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vaidika paramparA meM jo sthAna veda kA hai, bauddha paramparA meM jo sthAna tripiTaka kA hai, IsAI dharma meM jo sthAna bAIbila kA hai, islAma dharma meM jo sthAna kurAna kA hai, vahI sthAna jainaparamparA meM Agama-sAhitya kA hai| veda tathA bauddha aura jaina Agama-sAhitya meM mahattvapUrNa bheda yaha rahA hai ki vaidika paramparA ke RSiyoM ne zabdoM kI surakSA para adhika bala diyA jabaki jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM artha para adhika bala diyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vedoM ke zabda prAya: surakSita rahe haiM aura artha kI dRSTi se ve eka mata sthira nahIM kara sake haiN| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM isase bilkula hI viparIta rahA hai| vahA~ artha kI surakSA para adhika bala diyA gayA hai, zabdoM kI apekSA artha adhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AgamoM ke pAThabheda milate haiM, para unameM prAyaH arthabheda nahIM hai| veda ke zabdoM meM maMtroM kA prAropaNa kiyA gayA hai jisase zabda to surakSita rahe, para usake artha naSTa ho gae / jaina Agama-sAhitya meM maMtra-zakti kA Aropa na hone se artha pUrNa rUpa se surakSita rahA hai| veda kisI eka RSi vizeSa ke vicAroM kA pratinidhitva nahIM karate, jaba ki jaina gaNipiTaka evaM bauddha tripiTaka kramaza: bhagavAna mahAvIra aura tathAgata buddha kI vANI kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| jaina AgamoM ke artha ke prarUpaka tIrthakara rahe haiM aura sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiN| jaina aura vaidika paramparA kI saMskRti pRthaka-pRthaka rahI hai| janasaMskRti adhyAtma pradhAna hai| jaina AgamoM meM adhyAtma kA svara pradhAna rUpa se jhaMkRta rahA hai, vedoM meM laukikatA kA svara mukharita rahA hai| yahA~ para yaha bAta bhI vismaraNa nahIM honI cAhie ki Aja se paccIsa sau varSa pUrva aNa-vijJAna, jIva-vijJAna, banaspati-vijJAna Adi ke sambandha meM jo bAteM jaina AgamoM meM batAI gaI haiM, unheM par3hakara Aja kA vaijJAnika bhI vismita hai| jaina Agama... sAhitya kA ina aneka dRSTiyoM se bhI mahattva rahA hai| kucha samaya pUrva pAzcAtya aura paurvAtya vijJoM kI yaha dhAraNA thI ki veda hI Agama aura tripiTaka ke mUla srota haiM, para mohanajodar3o aura har3appA kI khudAI se prApta dhvaMsAvazeSoM ne vijJoM kI dhAraNA meM AmUlacUla parivartana kara diyA hai ki AryoM ke Agamana se pUrva bhArata meM jo saMskRti thI vaha pUrNa rUpa se vikasita thI aura vaha zramaNasaMskRti thii| niSpakSa vicArakoM ne yaha satya-tathya eka mata se svIkAra kiyA hai ki zramaNasaMskRti ke prabhAva se hI vaidika paramparA ne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvratoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai| Aja jo vaidika { 35 ]
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________________ paramparA meM ahiMsAdi kA varNana hai vaha jainasaMskRti kI dena hai / ' Agama zabda ke aneka artha haiN| usa para maiMne vistAra se carcA kI hai| AcArAGga meM jAnane ke artha meM pAgama zabda kA prayoga hamA hai| "AgamettA-ANavejjA"2 jAnakara prAjJA kre| lAghavaM AgamamANe laghutA ko jAnane vAlA / vyavahArabhASya meM saMghadAsagaNI ne prAgama-vyavahAra kA varNana karate hue usake pratyakSa aura parokSa ye do bheda kiye haiN| pratyakSa meM avadhi, manAparyava aura kevala jJAna hai aura parokSa meM caturdaza pUrva aura unase nyUna zrutajJAna kA samAveza hai| isase bhI spaSTa hai ki jo jJAna hai vaha prAgama hai| sarvajJa sarvadarzI tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA diyA gayA upadeza bhI jJAna hone ke kAraNa prAgama hai| bhagavatI, anuyogadvAra aura sthAnAGga meM prAgama zabda zAstra ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| vahA~ para pramANa ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM-pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura prAgama / prAgama ke bhI laukika aura lokottara ye do bheda kie gae haiN| laukika pAgama bhArata, rAmAyaNa prAdi haiM aura lokottara pAgama AcAra, sUtrakRta prAdi haiN| lokottara Agama ke suttAgama, atthAgama aura tadubhayAgama ye tIna bheda bhI kie gae haiN| eka anya daSTi se Agama ke tIna prakAra aura milate haiM-prAtmAgama, anantarAgama aura paramparAgama / aAgama ke artharUpa aura satrarUpa ye do prakAra haiN| tIrthaMkara prabhu artharUpa prAgama: kA upadeza karate haiM ata: artharUpa grAmama tIrthaMkaroM kA prAtmAgama kahalAtA hai, kyoMki vaha arthAgama unakA svayaM kA hai, dUsaroM se unhoMne nahIM liyA hai, kintu vahI arthAgama gaNadharoM ne tIrthaMkaroM se prApta kiyA hai / gaNadhara aura tIrthaMkara ke bIca kisI tIsare vyakti kA vyavadhAna nahIM hai etadartha gaNadharoM ke lie vaha arthAgama anantarAgama kahalAtA hai, kintu usa arthAgama ke AdhAra se svayaM gaNadhara sUtrarUpa racanA karate haiN| isalie sUtrAgama gaNadharoM ke lie prAtmAgama kahalAtA hai| gaNadharoM ke sAkSAt ziSyoM ko gaNadharoM se sUtrAgama sIdhA hI prApta hotA hai, unake madhya meM koI bhI vyavadhAna nahIM hotaa| isalie una ziSyoM ke lie sUtrAgama anantarAgama hai, kintu arthAgama to paramparAgama hI hai| kyoMki vaha unhoMne apane dharmaguru gaNadharoM se prApta kiyA hai| kintu yaha gaNadharoM ko bhI prAtmAgama nahIM thaa| unhoMne tIrthaMkaroM se prApta kiyA thaa| gajadharoM ke praziSya aura 1. saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya : pR. 125 -rAmadhArIsiMha "dinakara" 2. prAcArAMga 124 jJAtvA prAjJApayet 3. AcArAMga 116 / 3 lAghavaM Agamayan avabudhyamAnaH 4. vyavahArabhASya gA. 201 5. bhagavatI 5 / 3 / 192 6. anuyogadvAra 7. sthAnAGga 338, 228, 8. anuyogadvAra 49-50 pR. 68, puNyavijayajI sampAdita, mahAvIra vidyAlaya, bambaI dvArA prakAzita 9. ahavA Agame tibihe paNNatte, taM jahA-suttAgame ya atthAgame ya tadubhayAgame ya / -~anuyogadvArasUtra 470, pR. 179 10. ahavA prAgame tivihe paNNatte, taM jahA--attAgame, aNaMtarAgame paraMparAgame ya / --anuyogadvArasUtra 470, pR. 179 11. (ka) zrIcandrIyA saMgrahaNI gA. 112 (kha) Avazyakaniyukti gA. 92 [ 36 ]
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________________ unakI paramparA meM hone vAle anya ziSya aura praziSyoM ke lie sUtra aura artha paramparAgama haiM / 2 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pAvana pravacanoM kA sUtra rUpa meM saMkalana-prAkalana gaNadharoM ne kiyA, vaha aMgasAhitya ke nAma se vizruta huprA / usake AcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna, samavAya, bhagavatI, jJAtA, upAsakadazA, antakRddazA, anuttaropapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAka aura dRSTibAda ye bAraha vibhAga haiN| dRSTibAda kA eka vibhAga pUrva sAhitya hai| Avazyakaniyukti ke anusAra gaNadharoM ne arhadbhASita mAtRkApadoM ke AdhAra se caturdaza zAstroM kA nirmANa kiyA, jisameM sampUrNa zruta kI avatAraNA kI gii| ye caturdaza zAstra caturdaza pUrva ke nAma se vizruta hue / ina pUrvo kI vizleSaNa-paddhati atyadhika kliSTa yI ataH jo mahAn pratibhAsampanna sAdhaka the unhIM ke lie vaha pUrva sAhitya grAhaya thA / jo sAdhAraNa pratibhAsampanna sAdhaka the unake lie evaM striyoM ke upakArArtha dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI gii| AcArya jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne likhA hai ki daSTibAda kA adhyayana-paThana striyoM ke lie bajya thaa| kyoMki striyAM tuccha svabhAva kI hotI haiM, unheM zIghra ho garva prAtA hai| unakI indriyAM caMcala hotI haiN| unakI medhA-zakti puruSoM kI apekSA durbala hotI hai etadartha utthAna-samutthAna prabhRti atizaya yA camatkAra yukta adhyayana aura dRSTivAda kA jJAna unake lie nahIM hai|14 maladhArI prAcArya hemacandra ne prastuta viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hae likhA hai ki striyoM ko yadi kisI taraha dRSTivAda kA adhyayana karA diyA jAe to tuccha prakRti ke kAraNa "maiM dRSTivAda kI adhyetA hUM" isa prakAra mana meM ahaMkAra Akara puruSa ke paribhava-tiraskAra prabhRti meM pravRtta ho jAye jisase usakI durgati ho sakatI hai etadartha dayA ke avatAra mahAn paropakArI tIrthaMkaroM ne utthAna, samutthAna Adi atizaya camatkAra yukta adhyayana evaM dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kA striyoM ke lie niSedha kiyaa| 5 bRhatkalpaniyukti meM bhI yahI bAta AI hai / jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne aura maladhArI hemacandra ne striyoM kI pravRtti kI vikRti va medhA kI durbalatA ke sambandha meM jo likhA hai vaha pUrNa saMgata nahIM lagatA hai / ve bAteM puruSa meM bhI sambhava haiN| aneka striyAM puruSoM se bhI adhika pratibhAsampanna va gambhIra hotI haiN| yaha zAstra meM pAye hae varNanoM se bhI spaSTa hai / / 12. titthagarANaM atthassa attAgame, gaNaharANaM suttassa attAgame, atthassa aNaMtarAgame, gaNaharasIsANaM suttassa aNaMtarAgame atthassa paraMparAgame teNaM paraM suttassa vi atthassa vi No attAgame No aNaMtarAgame, paramparAgame -anuyogadvAra 470, pR0 179 13. dhammovAo pavayaNamahabA pubvAI desayA tassa / sabbaMjiNA | gaNaharA, codasapuvvA u te tassa / / sAmAiyAiyAvA vayajIvanikAya bhAvaNA paDhamaM / eso dhammovAdo jiNehi savvehi ubailo / / -~-Avazyakaniyukti gA0 292-293 14. tucchA gArababahulA calidiyA dubbalA dhiIe ya / iti pAisesajjhayaNA bhUyAvAyo ya no sthINaM // ..."iha bicitrA jagati prANinaH tatra ye durmedhasaH te pUrvANi nAdhyetumIzate, pUrvANAmatigambhIrArthatvAta teSAM ca durmedhatvAt strINAM pUrvAdhyayanAnAdhikAra eva tAsAM tucchatvAdi doSabahulatvAt / -vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 55 kI vyAkhyA pR0 48 prakAzaka-prAgamodaya samiti bambaI [ 37 ]
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________________ jaba strI adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA sarvoccapada tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA anubandha kara sakatI hai, kevalajJAna prApta kara sakatI hai taba dRSTivAda ke adhyayanArtha jina durbalatAoM kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai aura jina durbalatAoM ke kAraNa striyoM ko daSTivAda kI adhikAriNI nahIM mAnA gayA hai una para vijJoM ko taTastha daSTi se gambhIra cintana karanA caahie| merI dRSTi se pUrva-sAhitya kA jJAna labdhyAtmaka thA / usa jJAna ko prApta karane ke lie kevala adhyayana aura par3hanA hI paryApta nahIM thA, kucha viziSTa sAdhanAeM bhI sAdhaka ko anivArya rUpa se karanI par3atI thiiN| una sAdhanAoM ke lie usa sAdhaka ko kucha samaya taka ekAnta-zAnta sthAna meM ekAkI bhI rahanA Avazyaka hotA thaa| striyoM kA zArIrika saMsthAna isa prakAra kA nahIM hai ki ve ekAnta meM ekAkI raha kara dIrgha sAdhanA kara skeN| isa dRSTi se striyoM ke lie dRSTivAda kA adhyayana niSedha kiyA gayA ho| yaha adhika tarkasaMgata va yukti-yukta hai / merI dRSTi se yahI kAraNa striyoM ke AhArakazarIra kI anupalabdhi prAdi kA bhI hai| gaNadharoM dvArA saMkalita aMga granthoM ke AdhAra se anya sthaviroM ne bAda meM granthoM kI racanA kI, ve aMgabAhya khlaaye| aMga aura aMgabAhya ye Agama grantha hI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana ke AdhArabhUta stambha haiN| jaina prAcAra kI kuJjI haiM, jaina vicAra kI advitIya nidhi haiM, janasaMskRti kI garimA haiM aura jaina sAhitya kI mahimA haiN| yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki aMgabAhya granthoM ko Agama meM sammilita karane kI prakriyA zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM eka samAna nahIM rahI hai| digambara paraMparA meM aMgabAhya AgamoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hI svalpa hai kintu zvetAmbaroM meM yaha paramparA lambe samaya taka calatI rahI jisase aMgabAhya granthoM kI saMkhyA adhika hai| yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa bAta hai ki prAvazyaka ke vividha adhyayana, dazavakAlika, uttarAdhyayana aura nizItha prAdi donoM hI paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se mAnya rahe haiN| ___ zvetAmbara vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki Agama-sAhitya kA maulika svarUpa bahuta bar3e parimANa meM lupta ho gayA hai para pUrNa nahIM, aba bhI vaha zeSa hai| aMgoM aura aMgabAhya bhAgamoM kI jo tIna bAra saMkalanA huI usameM usake maulika rUpa meM kucha avazya hI parivartana huA hai| uttaravartI ghaTanAoM aura vicAraNAmoM kA samAveza bhI kiyA gayA hai| jaise sthAnAMga meM sAta nihnava aura navagaNoM kA varNana / praznavyAkaraNa meM jisa viSaya kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai vaha bartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi AgamoM kA adhikAMza bhAga maulika hai, sarvathA maulika hai| bhASA va racanA zailI kI dRSTi se bahuta hI prAcIna hai| vartamAna bhASAzAstrI AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko aura sutrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko DhAI hajAra varSa prAcIna batalAte haiM / sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, uttarAdhyayana, dazavakAlika, nizItha aura kalpa ko bhI ve prAcIna mAnate haiN| isameM kisI bhI prakAra kA sandeha nahIM hai ki prAgama kA mUla prAja bhI surakSita hai| digambara paramparA kI dRSTi se aMga sAhitya lupta ho cukA hai| ata: unhoMne navIna granthoM kA sRjana kiyA aura unheM AgamoM kI taraha pramANabhUta mAnA / zvetAmbaroM ke prAgama-sAhitya ko digambara paramparA pramANabhUta nahIM mAnatI hai to digambara paramparA ke granthoM ko zvetAmbara paramparA mAnya nahIM karatI hai, para jaba maiM taTastha dRSTi se cintana karatA to spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki donoM hI paramparAoM ke prAgama granthoM meM maulika dRSTi se koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| donoM ke pAgama granthoM meM tattvavicAra, jIvavicAra, karmavicAra, lokavicAra, jJAnavicAra samAna hai| dArzanika dRSTi se koI antara nahIM hai| prAcAra paramparA kI dRSTi se bhI cintana kareM to vastra ke upayoga ke sambandha meM kucha matabheda hone para bhI vizeSa antara nahIM rhaa| digambara paramparA ke granthoM meM nagnatva para atyadhika bala diyA gayA, kintu vyavahAra meM nagna muniyoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hI kama rahI aura digambara bhaTTAraka Adi kI saMkhyA
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________________ unase bahata adhika rhii| zvetAmbara pAgama sAhitya meM jinakalpa ko sthavirakalpa se adhika mahattva diyA gayA kinta vyavahArika dRSTi se Arya jambU ke pazcAt jinakalpa kA niSedha kara diyA gyaa| digambara paramparA meM strI ke nirvANa kA niSedha kiyA hai kintu digambara paramparA mAnya SakhaNDAgama meM manuSya-striyAM samyagamithyAdRSTi, asaMyatasamyagadaSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyata guNasthAnoM meM niyama se paryAptaka hotI haiM / 16 isameM "saMjada" zabda ko sampAdakoM ne TippaNa meM diyA hai, jisakA sArAMza yaha hai ki manuSya-strI ko "saMyata" guNasthAna na ho sakatA hai aura saMyata guNasthAna hone para strI mokSa meM jA sakatI hai| prastuta prazna ko lekara digambara samAja meM prabala virodha kA bAtAvaraNa samutpanna huA taba grantha ke sampAdaka paM.hIralAlajI jaina Adi ne pUnaH usakA spaSTIkaraNa "pakhaNDAgama ke tRtIya bhAga kI prastAvanA" meM kiyA kintu jaba vijJoM ne mUDabidrI (karNATaka) meM paTakhaNDAgama kI mUla prati dekhI to usameM bhI "saMjada" zabda milA hai| vadakarasvAmI viracita mUlAcAra meM prAyikAmoM ke prAcAra kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA hai jo sAdhu athavA dhAryikA isa prakAra AcaraNa karate haiM ve jagat meM pUjA, yaza va sukha ko pAkara mokSa ko pAte haiN| isameM bhI prAyikAoM ke mokSa meM jAne kA ullekha hai / kintu bAda meM TIkAkAroM ne apanI TIkAoM meM strI nirvANa kA niSedha kiyA hai| prAcAra ke jitane bhI niyama haiM unameM mahattvapUrNa niyama uddiSTa tyAga kA hai, jisakA donoM hI paramparAmoM meM samAna rUpa se mahattva rahA hai| zvetAmbara prAgama-sAhitya meM aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM prAcAra sambandhI apavAda mArga kA vizeSa varNana milatA hai kintu digambara paramparA ke anyoM meM apavAda kA varNana nahIM hai, para gaharAI se cintana karane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki digambara paramparA meM bhI apavAda rahe hoMge, yadi prArambha se hI apavAda nahIM hote to aMgavAhya sUcI meM nizItha kA nAma kaise AtA ? zvetAmbara paramparA meM 'apavAdoM ko sUtrabaddha karake bhI usakA adhyayana pratyeka vyakti ke lie niSiddha kara diyA gyaa| vizeSa yogyatA vAlA zramaNa hI usake par3hane kA adhikArI mAnA gayA / zvetAmbara zramaNoM kI saMkhyA prArambha se hI atyadhika rahI jisase samAja kI suvyavasthA hetu chedasUtroM kA nirmANa haa| chedasUtroM meM zramaNAcAra ke nigUr3ha rahasya aura sUkSma kriyA-kalApa ko samajhAyA gayA hai| zramaNa ke jIvana meM anekAneka anukUla aura pratikUla prasaMga samupasthita hote haiM, aisI viSama paristhiti meM kisa prakAra nirNaya lenA cAhie yaha bAta chedasUtroM meM batAI gaI hai| prAcAra sambandhI jaisA niyama aura upaniyamoM kA varNana jaina paramparA meM chedasUtroM meM upalabdha hotA hai vaisA hI varNana bauddha paramparA meM vinayapiTaka meM milatA hai aura vaidika paramparA meM ke kalpasUtra, zrotasUtra aura gRhasUtroM meM milatA hai| digambara paramparA meM bhI chetrasUtra bane the para Aja ve upalabdha nahIM haiN| chedasUtra kA nAmollekha mandIsUtra meM nahIM huA hai| "cheda sUtra" kA sabase prathama prayoga prAvazyakaniyukti 16. sammAmicchAiTThi asaMjadasammAiTThi saMjadAsaMjada (atra saMjada iti pAThazeSaH pratibhAti) TThANe NiyamA pjjttiyaao| -SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga 1 sUtra 93 pR. 332, prakA..-seTha lakSmIcaMda zitAbarAya jaina sAhityoddhAraka phaNDa kAryAlaya amarAvatI (barAra) san 1939 17. evaM vidhANacariyaM caritaM je sAdhavo ya ajjAyo / te jagapujja kitti suhaM ca laNa sijhati / / -mUlAcAra 4/196, pR. 168 [ 39]
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________________ meM harA hai|18 usake pazcAt vizeSAvazyakabhASya aura nizIthabhASya' mAdi meM bhI yaha zabda vyavahRta huA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki hama aAvazyakaniyukti ko yadi jyotirvida varAhamihira ke bhrAtA dvitIya bhadrabAha kI kRti mAnate haiM to ve vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM hue haiN| unhoMne isakA prayoga kiyA hai| spaSTa hai ki "chedasutta" zabda kA prayoga "mUlasutta" se pahale huA hai| amuka prAgamoM ko "chedasUtra" yaha abhidhA kyoM dI gaI ? isa prazna kA uttara prAcIna granthoM meM sIdhA aura spaSTa prApta nahIM hai| hA~ yaha spaSTa hai ki jina sUtroM ko "chedasutta" kahA gayA hai ve prAyazcittasUtra haiN| sthAnAGga meM zramaNoM ke lie pAMca cAritroM kA ullekha hai (1) sAmAyika, (2) chedopasthApanIya, (3) parihAravizuddhi, (4) sUkSmasaMparAya, (5) yayAkhyAta / 22 inameM se vartamAna meM tIna antima cAritra vicchinna ho gaye haiN| sAmAyika cAritra svalpakAlIna hotA hai, chedopasthApanika cAritra hI jIvana paryanta rahatA hai| prAyazcitta kA sambandha bhI isI cAritra se hai| saMbhavata: isI cAritra ko lakSya meM rakhakara prAyazcittasUtroM ko chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho| malayagiri kI AvazyakavRtti 23 meM chedasUtroM ke lie pada-vibhAga, samAcArI zabda kA prayoga hamA hai| pada-vibhAga aura cheda ye donoM zabda rakhe gaye hoN| kyoMki chedasUtroM meM eka sUtra kA dUsare sUtra se sambandha nahIM hai| sabhI sUtra svataMtra haiN| unakI vyAkhyA bhI cheda-daSTi se yA vibhAga-daSTi se kI jAtI hai| dazAzrutaskandha, nizItha, vyavahAra aura bRhatkalpa ye sUtra nauveM pratyAkhyAna pUrva se uddhRta kiye gaye haiM,24 usase chinna arthAt pRthak karane se unheM chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho, yaha bhI sambhava hai / 25 chedasUtroM ko uttama zruta mAnA gayA hai| bhASyakAra bhI isa kathana kA samarthana karate haiN|26 caNikAra jinadAsa mahattara svayaM yaha prazna upasthita karate haiM ki chedasUtra uttama kyoM haiM ? phira svayaM hI usakA samAdhAna dete kidasatra meM prAyazcittavidhi kA nirUpaNa hai, usase cAritra kI vizuddhi hotI hai, etadartha yaha zrata uttama mAnA 18. jaM ca mahAkappasuyaM, jANi asesANi cheasuttANi / caraNakaraNANuprogo ti kAliyatthe uvamayANi / / -Avazyakaniyukti 777 ---vizeSAvazyakabhASya 2265 20. (ka) chedasuttaNisIhAdI, atyo ya gato ya chedasuttAdI / maMtanimittosahipAhUDe, ya gAti aNNAttha / / ----nizIthabhApya 5947 (kha) kenonikala liTarecara pR. 36 bhI dekhie| 21. jainAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya -lekhaka puNyavijayajI, ---muni hajArImala smRtigrantha, pR. 718 22. (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 5, uddezaka 2, sUtra 428 (kha) vizeSAvazyakabhASya gA. 1260-1270 23. padavibhAga, samAcArI chedasUtrANi / -Avazyakaniyukti 665, malayagirivRtti 24. kataraM suttaM ? dasAukappo vabahAro ya / katarAto uddhRtaM ? ucyate pcckkhaann-putthvaao| -dazAzrutaskaMghacUNi, patra 2 25. nizIdha 19 / 17 26. cheyasuyamuttamasuyaM / -nizIthabhASya, 6148 [40]
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________________ gayA hai| zramaNa-jIvana kI sAdhanA kA sarvAGgINa vivecana chedasUtroM meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| sAdhaka kI kyA maryAdA hai, usakA kyA karttavya hai ? ityAdi praznoM para unameM cintana kiyA gayA hai| jIvana meM se asaMyama ke aMza ko kATakara pRthaka karanA, sAdhanA meM se doSajanya malinatA ko nikAlakara sApha karanA, bhUloM se bacane ke lie pUrNa sAvadhAna rahanA, bhUla ho jAne para prAyazcitta grahaNa kara usakA parimArjana karanA, yaha saba chedasUtroM kA kArya hai / samAcArIzataka meM samayasundaragaNI ne chedasUtroM kI saMkhyA chaha batalAI hai:(1) mahAnizItha, (2) dazAzrutaskaMdha, (3) vyavahAra, (4) bRhatkalpa, (5) nizItha, (6) jItakalpa / jItakalpa ko chor3akara zeSa pAca sUtroM ke nAma nandIsUtra meM bhI pAye haiN| jItakalpa jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kI kRti hai, etadartha use Agama kI koTi meM sthAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA / mahAnizItha kA jo vartamAna saMskaraNa hai, vaha AcArya haribhadra (vi. 8 vIM zatAbdI) ke dvArA punaruddhAra kiyA huA hai| usakA usake pUrva hI dImakoM ne udarastha kara liyA gayA thaa| ataH vartamAna meM upalabdha mahAnizItha bhI Agama kI koTi meM nahIM paataa| isa prakAra maulika chedasUtra cAra hI haiM-(1) dazAzrutaskandha, (2) vyavahAra, (3) bRhatkalpa aura (4) nizItha / nie hita Agama jaina AgamoM kI racanAeM do prakAra se huI hai--(1) kRta, (2) ni! hita / jina AgamoM kA nirmANa svataMtra rUpa se huA hai ve Agama kRta kahalAte haiN| jaise gaNadharoM ke dvArA dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI gaI hai aura bhinna-bhinna sthaviroM ke dvArA upAMga sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai, ve saba kRta pAgama haiN| ni! hita Agama ye mAne gaye haiM - (1) AcAracUlA (2) dazavakAlika (3) nizItha (4) dazAzrutaskandha (5) bRhatkalpa (6) vyavahAra (7) uttarAdhyayana kA parISaha adhyyn| prAcAraculA yaha caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke dvArA nirvRhaNa kI gaI hai, yaha bAta aAja anveSaNA ke dvArA spaSTa ho cukI hai| prAcArAMga se prAcAracUlA kI racanA-zailI sarvathA pRthak hai| usakI racanA AcArAMga ke bAda huI hai| AcArAMga-niyuktikAra ne usako sthavirakRta mAnA hai|' sthavira kA artha carNikAra ne gaNadhara kiyA hai| 1. cheyasuyaM kamhA uttamasuttaM ? bhaNNAmi jamhA etthaM sapAyacchitto vidhI bhaNNati, jamhA etegaccaraNavizuddhaM kareti, tamhA taM uttamasuttaM / --nizIthabhASya 6184 kI cUNi 2. samAcArIzataka, Agama sthaapnaadhikaar| 3. kAliyaM aNegavihaM paNNattaM, taM jahA--dasAo, kappo, vavahAro, nisIha, mahAnisIha / -nandIsUtra 77 4. Agamayuga kA jainadarzana, pR0 21-22, paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA -prakAzaka sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA 5. tharehi'NuggahaTThA, sIsahi hou pAgautthaM ca / AyArAo attho, pAyAraMgesu pavibhatto // -AcArAMganiyukti gA0 287 6. there gnndhraa| --AcArAMgacUNi, pR0 326 [ 41 ]
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________________ aura vRttikAra ne caturdazapUrvI kiyA hai kintu unameM sthavira kA nAma nahIM AyA hai| vijJoM kA abhimata hai ki yahA~ para sthavira zabda kA prayoga caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke lie hI huA hai| AcArAMga ke gambhIra artha ko abhivyakta karane ke lie "AcAracUlA" kA nirmANa huA hai / niyuktikAra ne pAMcoM cUlAoM ke niryahUNasthaloM kA saMketa kiyA hai| dazavakAlika caturdazapUrvI zayyaMbhava ke dvArA vibhinna pUrvo se ni!haNa kiyA gayA hai / jaise-caturtha adhyayana AtmapravAda pUrva se, paMcama adhyayana karmapravAda pUrva se, saptama adhyayana satyapravAda pUrva se aura zeSa adhyayana pratyAkhyAna pUrva kI tRtIya vastu se uddhata kiye gaye haiN|' dvitIya abhimatAnusAra dazavakAlika gaNipiTaka dvAdazAMgI se uddhRta hai| nizItha kA ni! haNa pratyAkhyAna nAmaka nauveM pUrva se huA hai| pratyAkhyAna pUrva ke bIsa vastu arthAt arthAdhikAra haiN| tRtIya vastu kA nAma AcAra hai| usake bhI bIsa prAbhRtaccheda arthAt upavibhAga haiN| bIsaveM prAbhUtaccheda se nizItha kA ni' haNa kiyA gayA hai| paMcakalpacUNi ke anusAra nizItha ke niryu haka bhadrabAhusvAmI hai| isa mata kA samarthana prAgamaprabhAvaka munizrI puNyavijayajI ne bhI kiyA hai| 1. "sthaviraiH" zrutavRddhazcaturdazapUrvavidbhiH / 2. bimassa ya paMcamae, aTThamagassa biiyaMmi uddese / bhaNio piDo sijjA, vatthaM pAuggaho ceva / / paMcamagassa cautthe iriyA, vaNijjaI samAseNaM / chuTThassa ya paMcamae, bhAsajjAyaM viyANAhi / sattikkagANi sattavi, nijjaDhAI mhaaprinnaao| satthaparinnA bhAvaNa, nijjUDhAno dhuyavimuttI / / AyArapakappo puNa, paccakkhANassa tiyvtthuupro| AyAranAmadhijjA, vIsaimA pAhuDaccheyA // -prAcArAMganiyukti gA0 288-291 3. pAyappavAya pubvA nijjUDhA hoi dhmmpnntii| kampappavAya pubbA piMDassa u esaNA tividhA / / saccaypavAya puvvA nijjUDhA hoi bakkasuddhI u / avasesA nijjaDhA navamassa u tiyvtthuuyo| -dazavakAlikaniyukti gA0 16-17 bImo'vi a Aeso, gaNipiDagAo duvaalsNgaayo| eaM kira NijjUDhaM maNagassa aNugAhaTAe / - dazavakAlikaniyukti gA. 18 NisIhaM NavamA pubvA paccakkhANassa ttiyvtthuuo| AyAra nAmadhejjA, vIsatimA pAhuDacchedA / --nizIthabhASya 6500 6. leNa bhagavatA AyArapakappa-dasA-kappa-vavahArA ya navamapubanIsaMdabhUtA nijjUDhA / --paMcakalpacUNi, patra 1 (likhita) 7. bRhatkalpasUtra, bhAga 6, prastAvanA pR. 3 [42]
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________________ dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra, ye tInoM pAgama caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhusvAmI ke dvArA pratyAkhyAnapUrva se niyUMDha haiN|' dazAzrutaskandha kI niyukti ke mantavyAnusAra vartamAna meM upalabdha dazAzrutaskaMdha aMgapraviSTa AgamoM meM jo dazAeM prApta haiM, unase laghu haiN| inakA niyUhaNa ziSyoM ke anugrahArtha sthaviroM ne kiyA thaa| cUrNi ke anusAra sthavira kA nAma bhadrabAhu hai| ___ uttarAdhyayana kA dUsarA adhyayana bhI aMga-prabhava mAnA jAtA hai / niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ke matAnusAra vaha karmapravAdapUrva ke satrahaveM prAbhRta se uddhRta hai| inake atirikta Agametara sAhitya meM vizeSataH karmasAhitya kA bahuta-sA bhAga pUrvoddhRta mAnA jAtA hai| niyU hita kRtiyoM ke sambandha meM yaha spaSTIkaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai ki usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkara haiM, sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiM aura jo saMkSepa meM usakA vartamAna rUpa upalabdha hai usake kartA vahI haiM jina para jinakA nAma aMkita yA prasiddha hai| jaise dazavakAlika ke zayyaMbhava; kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha aura dazAzrutaskaMdha ke racayitA bhadrabAhu haiN| jaina aMga-sAhitya kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara sabhI ekamata haiN| sabhI aMgoM ko bAraha svIkAra karate haiN| parantu aMgabAhya AgamoM kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, unake vibhinna mata hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki AgamoM kI saMkhyA kitane hI 84 mAnate haiM, koI-koI 45 mAnate haiM aura kitane hI 32 mAnate haiM / nandIsUtra meM AgamoM kI jo sUcI dI gaI hai, ve sabhI Agama vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja mUla prAgamoM ke sAtha kucha niyuktiyoM ko milAkara 45 Agama mAnatA hai aura koI 84 mAnate haiN| sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI paramparA battIsa ko hI pramANabhUta mAnatI hai| digambara samAja kI mAnyatA hai ki sabhI prAgama vicchinna ho gaye haiN| 1. vaMdAmi bhaddabAhuM, pAINaM cariya sayalasuyaNANi / so suttassa kAragamisaM (NaM) dasAsu kappe ya vavahAre / --dazAzrutaskaMdha niyukti gA.1, patra 1 2. DaharIo u imAno, ajjhayaNesu mahaIo aMgesu / chasu nAyAdIesu, vatthavibhUsAvasANamiva // DaharIyo u imAo, nijjUDhAyo annugghttttaae| tharehiM tu dasAno, jo dasA jANao jIvo / --dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti 5-6 dazAzrutaskaMdhacUNi / kampappavAyapubve sattarase pAhuDaMmi jaM suttaM / saNayaM sodAharaNaM taM ceva ihaMpi gAyabvaM / / -uttarAdhyayananiyUkti gA.69 5. (ka) tattvArthasUtra 1-20, zrutasAgarIya vRtti| (kha) SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA TIkA) khaNDa 1, pR. 6 bAraha aMgavijjhA /
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________________ dazAzrutaskandha dazAzrutaskaMdha chedasUtra hai / chedasUtra ke do kArya haiM-doSoM se bacAnA aura pramAdavaza lage hae doSoM kI zuddhi ke lie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna krnaa| isameM doSoM se bacane kA vidhAna hai / ThANAMga meM isakA aparanAma prAcAradazA prApta hotA hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha meM daza adhyayana haiM, isalie isakA nAma dazAzrutaskaMdha hai| dazAzrutaskaMgha kA 1830 anuSTupa zloka pramANa upalabdha pATha hai / 216 gadyasUtra haiM / 52 padyasUtra haiN| prathama uddezaka meM 20 asamAdhisthAnoM kA varNana hai| jisa satkArya ke karane se citta meM zAMti ho, prAtmA jJAna-darzana-cAritra rUpa mokSamArga meM rahe, vaha samAdhi hai aura jisa kArya se citta meM aprazasta evaM azAMta bhAva hoM, jJAna-darzana-cAritra Adi mokSamArga se AtmA bhraSTa ho, vaha asamAdhi hai| asamAdhi ke bIsa prakAra haiN| jaisejaldI-jaldI calanA, binA pUje rAtri meM calanA, binA upayoga saba daihika kArya karanA, gurujanoM kA apamAna, nindA Adi krnaa| ina kAryoM ke AcaraNa se svayaM va anya jIvoM ko asamAdhibhAva utpanna hotA hai| sAdhaka kI AtmA dUSita hotI hai / usakA pavitra cAritra malina hotA hai| ataH use asamAdhisthAna kahA hai| dvitIya uddezaka meM 21 zabala doSoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jina kAryoM ke karane se cAritra kI nirmalatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| cAritra malaklinna hone se vaha karbura ho jAtA hai| isalie unheM zabaladoSa kahate haiM / 2 "zabalaM karburaM citram" zabala kA artha citravarNA hai| hastamaithuna, strI-sparza Adi, rAtri meM bhojana lenA aura karanA, prAdhAkarmI, auddezika pAhAra kA lenA, pratyAkhyAnabhaMga, mAyAsthAna kA sevana karanA Adi-Adi ye zabala doSa haiN| uttaraguNoM meM atikramAdi cAra doSoM kA evaM mUlaguNoM meM anAcAra ke atirikta tIna doSoM kA sevana karane se cAritra zabala hotA hai| tIsare uddezaka meM 33 prakAra kI AzAtanAoM kA varNana hai| jainAcAryoM ne AzAtanA zabda kI nirukti atyanta sundara kI hai| samyagdarzanAdi AdhyAtmika guNoM kI prApti ko Aya kahate haiM aura zAtanA kA artha khaNDana hai| sadagurudeva Adi mahAn puruSoM kA apamAna karane se samyagdarzanAdi sadguNoM kI AzAtanA-khaNDanA hotI hai|3| ziSya kA muru ke Age, samazreNI meM, atyanta samIpa meM gamana karanA, khar3A honA, baiThanA Adi, guru, se pUrva kisI se sambhASaNa karanA, guru ke vacanoM ko jAnakara avahelanA karanA, bhikSA se lauTane para AlocanA na karanA, prAdi-Adi pAzAtanA ke tetIsa prakAra haiN| caturtha uddezaka meM prakAra kI gaNisampadAoM kA varNana hai| zramaNoM ke samudAya ko gaNa kahate haiN| gaNa kA adhipati gaNI hotA hai| gaNisampadA ke ATha prakAra haiM--prAcArasampadA, zrutasampadA, zarIrasampadA, vacanasampadA, vAcanAsampadA, matisampadA, prayogamatisampadA aura saMgrahaparijJAnasampadA / prAcArasampadA ke saMyama meM dhra vayogayukta honA, ahaMkArarahita honA, aniyatavRtti honA, vRddhasvabhAvI (acaMcalasvabhAvI)-ye cAra prakAra haiN| samAdhAnaM samAdhi:-cetasaH svAsthya, mokSamArge'vasthitirityartha: na samAdhirasamAdhistasya sthAnAni AzrayA bhedAH paryAyA asamAdhi-sthAnAni / -AcArya haribhadra zabalaM-kaburaM cAritraM yaH kriyAvizeSairbhavati te zabalAstadyogAtsAdhavo pi| -abhayadevakRta samavAyAMgaTIkA 3. Aya:- samyagdarzanAdyavAptilakSaNastasya zAtanA-khaNDanA niruktAdAzAtanA / .--prAcArya abhayadevakRta samavAyAMgaTIkA
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________________ zrutasampadA ke bahuzrutatA, paricitazrutatA, vicitrazrutatA, ghoSavizuddhikArakatA-ye cAra prakAra haiN| zarIrasampadA ke zarIra kI lambAI va caur3AI kA samyaka anupAta, alajjAspada zarIra, sthira saMgaThana, pratipUrNa indriyatA---ye cAra bheda haiN| vacanasampadA ke prAdeyavacana- grahaNa karane yogya vANI, madhura vacana, anizrita- pratibandharahita, asaMdigdha vacana-ye cAra prakAra haiN| vAcanAsampadA ke vicArapUrvaka vAcyaviSaya kA uddezya nirdeza karanA, vicArapUrvaka vAcana karanA, upayukta viSaya kA hI vivecana karanA, artha kA sunizcita rUpa se nirUpaNa karatA-ye cAra bheda haiN| matisampadA ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA-ye cAra prakAra haiM / avagraha matisampadA ke kSipragrahaNa, bahugrahaNa, bahuvidhagrahaNa, dhra vagrahaNa, anizritagrahaNa aura asaMdigdhagrahaNaye chaha bheda haiN| isI prakAra IhA aura avAya ke bhI chaha-chaha prakAra haiM / dhAraNA matisampadA ke bahudhAraNa, bahubidhadhAraNa, purAtanadhAraNa, durddharadhAraNa, anidhitadhAraNa aura asaMdigdhadhAraNa-....ye chaha prakAra haiN| prayogamatisampadA ke svayaM kI zakti ke anusAra vAda-vivAda karanA, pariSada ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA, kSetra ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA, kAla ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA--ye cAra prakAra haiN| saMgrahaparijJAsampadA ke varSAkAla meM sabhI muniyoM ke nivAsa ke lie yogyasthAna kI parIkSA karanA, sabhI zramaNoM ke lie prAtihArika pITha, phalaka, zayyA, saMstAraka kI vyavasthA karanA, niyamita samaya para pratyeka kArya karanA, apane se jyeSTha zramaNoM kA satkAra-sammAna karanA-ye bheda haiN| gaNisampadAoM ke varNana ke pazcAt tatsambandhI caturvidha vinaya-pratipatti para ciMtana karate hue AcAravinaya, zrutavinaya, vikSepaNAvinaya aura doSanirghAtavinaya batAye haiN| yaha catuvidha vinayapratipatti hai jo gurusambandhI vinayapratipatti kahalAtI hai| isI prakAra ziSya sambandhI vinaya pratipatti bhI upakaraNotpAdanatA, sahAyatA, varNasaMjvalanatA (guNAnuvAditA), bhArapratyavarohaNatA hai / ina pratyeka ke punaH cAra-cAra prakAra haiN| isa prakAra prastuta uddezaka meM kula 32 prakAra kI vinaya-pratipatti kA vizleSaNa hai| pAMcaveM uddezaka meM daza prakAra kI cittasamAdhi kA varNana hai| dharmabhAvanA, svapnadarzana, jAtismaraNajJAna, devadarzana, avadhijJAna, avadhidarzana, manaHparyavajJAna, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, kevalamaraNa (nirvANa) ina daza sthAnoM ke varNana ke sAtha mohanIyakarma kI viziSTatA para prakAza DAlA hai| chaThe uddezaka meM gyAraha prakAra kI upAsaka pratimAnoM kA varNana hai| pratimAoM ke varNana ke pUrva mithyAdRSTi ke svabhAva kA citraNa karate hue batAyA hai ki vaha nyAya kA yA anyAya kA kicinamAtra bhI binA khyAla kiye daMDa pradAna karatA hai| jaise sampattiharaNa, muDana, tarjana, tAr3ana, aMdukabandhana (sAMkala se bAMdhanA), nigaDabandhana, kASThabandhana, cArakabandhana (kArAgRha meM DAlanA), nigaDayugala saMkuTana (aMgoM ko mor3akara bAMdhanA), hasta, pAda, karNa, nAsikA, aSTha, zIrSa, mukha, veda Adi kA chedana karanA, hRdaya-utpATana, nayanAdi utpATana, ullaMbana (vRkSAdi para laTakAnA), gharSaNa, gholana, zUlAyana (zUlI para laTakAnA), zUlAbhedana, kSAravartana (jakhmoM Adi para namakAdi chir3akanA), darbhavartana (ghAsAdi se pIr3A pahuMcAnA), siMhapuchana, vRSabhapuchana, dAvAgnidagdhana, bhaktapAnanirodha prabhRti daMDa dekara Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi prAstika hotA hai va upAsaka bana ekAdaza pratimAoM kI sAdhanA karatA hai| ina gyAraha upAsaka pratimAoM kA varNana upAsakadazAMga meM bhI A cukA hai| [ 45 ]
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________________ pratimAdhAraka zrAvaka pratimA kI pUrti ke pazcAt saMyama grahaNa kara letA hai aisA kucha prAcAryoM kA abhimata hai| kArtika seTha ne 100 bAra pratimA grahaNa kI thI aisA ullekha prApta hotA hai| sAtaveM uddezaka meM zramaNa kI pratimAoM kA varNana hai| ye bhikSupratimAeM 12 haiN| prathama pratimAdhArI bhikSa ko eka datti anna kI aura eka datti pAnI kI lenA kalpatA hai| zramaNa ke pAtra meM dAtA dvArA diye jAne vAle anna aura jala kI dhArA jaba taka akhaNDa banI rahatI hai, use datti kahate haiN| jahA~ eka vyakti ke lie bhojana banA ho vahA~ se lenA kalpatA hai| jahAM do, tIna yA adhika vyaktiyoM ke lie banA ho vahA~ se nahIM le sktaa| isakA samaya eka mAsa kA hai| dUsarI pratimA bhI eka mAsa kI hai| usameM do datti prAhAra kI aura do datti pAnI kI lI jAtI haiM / isI prakAra tIsarI, cauthI, pAMcavIM, chaThI aura sAtavI pratimAnoM meM kramazaH tIna, cAra, pAMca, chaha aura sAta datti anna kI aura utanI hI datti pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI haiN| pratyeka pratimA kA samaya eka-eka mAsa hai| kevala dattiyoM kI vRddhi ke kAraNa hI trimAsika se sAtamAsika kramaza: kahalAtI haiN| AThavI pratimA sAta dina-rAta kI hotI hai| isameM ekAntara cauvihAra upavAsa karanA hotA hai| gAMva ke bAhara AkAza kI ora muha karake sIdhA dekhanA, eka karavaTa se leTanA aura viSadyAsana (pairoM ko barAbara karake) baiThanA, upasarga Ane para zAntacitta se sahana karanA hotA hai| nauvI pratimA bhI sAta rAtri kI hotI hai| isameM cauvihAra bele-bele pAraNA kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara ekAnta sthAna meM daNDAsana, laguDAsana yA utkaTakAsana karake dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| . dasabI pratimA bhI sAta rAtri kI hotI hai| isameM cauvihAra tele-tele pAraNA kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara godohAsana, vIrAsana aura AmrakubjAsana se dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| gyArahavIM pratimA eka ahorAtri kI hotI hai| pATha prahara taka isakI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| caubihAra belA isameM kiyA jAtA hai / nagara ke bAhara donoM hAthoM ko ghuTanoM kI ora lambA karake daNDa kI taraha khar3e rahakara kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| bArahavIM pratimA kevala eka rAtri kI hai| isakA aArAdhana tele se kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara zmazAna meM khar3e hokara mastaka ko thor3A jhukAkara kisI eka pudagala para dRSTi rakhakara ninimeSa netroM se nizcitatA pUrvaka kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| upasarga Ane para samabhAva se sahana kiyA jAtA hai| ina pratimAoM meM sthita zramaNa ke lie aneka vidhAna bhI kiye haiN| jaise---koI vyakti pratimAdhArI nirgrantha hai to use bhikSAkAla ko tIna vibhAga meM vibhAjita karake bhikSA lenI cAhiye--Adi, madhya aura carama / Adi bhAga meM bhikSA ke lie jAne para madhya aura carama bhAga meM nahIM jAnA cAhiye / mAsikI pratimA meM sthita zramaNa jahA~ koI jAnatA ho vahA~ eka rAta raha sakatA hai| jahAM use koI bhI nahIM jAnatA vahA~ vaha do rAta raha sakatA hai| isase adhika rahane para utane hI dina kA cheda athavA tapa prAyazcitta lagatA hai| isI prakAra aura bhI kaThora anuzAsana kA vidhAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| jaise koI upAzraya meM Aga lagA de to bhI use nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi koI pakar3akara use bAhara khIMcane kA prayatna kare to use haTha na karate hue sAvadhAnIpUrvaka bAhara nikala jAnA cAhie / isI taraha sAmane yadi madonmatta hAthI, ghor3A, baila, kuttA, vyAghra prAdi A jAeM to bhI use unase Darakara eka kadama bhI pIche nahIM haTanA caahiye| zItalatA tathA uSNatA ke parISaha ko dhairyapUrvaka sahana karanA caahiye| AThaveM uddezaka (dazA) meM paryuSaNA kalpa kA varNana hai / paryuSaNa zabda "pari" upasarga pUrvaka vas dhAtu se [46 ]
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________________ "anaH" pratyaya lagakara banA hai| isakA artha hai, prAtmamajjana, AtmaramaNa yA Atmastha honA / paryuSaNakalpa kA dUsarA artha hai eka sthAna para nivAsa krnaa| vaha sAlaMbana yA nirAvalaMbana rUpa do prakAra kA hai| sAlaMbana kA artha hai sakAraNa aura nirAvalaMbana kA artha hai kAraNarahita / nirAvalaMbana ke jaghanya aura utkRSTa do bheda haiN| paryuSaNA ke paryAyavAcI zabda isa prakAra haiM-(1) pariyAya vatthavaNA, (2) pajjosamaNA, (3) pAgaiyA, (4) parivasanA, (5) pajjusaNA, (6) vAsAvAsa, (7) paDhamasamosaraNa, (8) ThavaNA aura (9) jettttoggh| ye sabhI nAma ekArthaka haiM, tathApi vyutpatti-bheda ke AdhAra para kiMcit arthabheda bhI hai aura yaha arthabheda paryuSaNA se sambandhita vividha paramparAoM evaM usa niyata kAla meM kI jAne vAlI kriyAoM kA mahattvapUrNa nidarzana karAtA hai / ina arthoM se kucha aitihAsika tathya bhI vyakta hote haiM / paryuSaNA kAla ke AdhAra se kAlagaNanA karake dIkSAparyAya kI jyeSThatA va kaniSThatA ginI jAtI hai| paryuSaNAkAla eka prakAra kA varSamAna ginA jAtA hai| ata: paryuSaNA ko dIkSAparyAya kI avasthA kA kAraNa mAnA hai / varSAvAsa meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva sambandhI kucha vizeSa kriyAoM kA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai ata: paryuSaNA kA dUsarA nAma pajjosamaNA hai| tIsarA, gRhastha Adi ke lie samAnabhAvena ArAdhanIya hone se yaha "pAgaiyA" yAni prAkRtika kahalAtA hai| isa niyata avadhi meM sAdhaka AtmA ke adhika nikaTa rahane kA prayatna karatA hai ataH vaha parivasanA bhI kahA jAtA hai| paryuSaNA kA artha sevA bhI hai| isa kAla meM sAdhaka AtmA ke jJAnadarzanAdi guNoM kI sevA upAsanA karatA hai ataH use pajjusaNA kahate haiN| isa kalpa meM zramaNa eka sthAna para cAra mAsa taka nivAsa karatA hai ataeva ise vAsAvAsa--varSAvAsa kahA gayA hai| koI vizeSa kAraNa na ho to prAvRT (varSA) kAla meM hI cAturmAsa karane yogya kSetra meM praveza kiyA jAtA hai ataH ise prathamasamavasaraNa kahate haiM / RtubaddhakAla kI apekSA se isakI maryAdAeM bhinna-bhinna hotI haiN| ataeva yaha ThavaNA (sthApanA) hai / RtubaddhakAla meM eka-eka mAsa kA kSetrAvagraha hotA hai kintu varSAkAla meM cAra mAsa kA hotA hai ataeva ise jeTThoggaha (jyeSThAvagraha) kahA hai| agara sAdhu ASAr3hI pUrNimA taka niyata sthAna para A pahuMcA ho aura varSAvAsa kI ghoSaNA kara dI ho to zrAvaNa kRSNA paMcamI se hI varSAvAsa prArambha ho jAtA hai| uparyukta kSetra na milane para zrAvaNa kRSNA dazamI ko, phira bhI yogya kSetra kI prApti na ho to zrAvaNa kRSNA paMcadazamI- amAvasyA ko varSAvAsa prArambha karanA cAhie / itane para bhI yogya kSetra na mile to pAMca-pAMca dina bar3hAte hue antataH bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamI taka to varSAvAsa prArambha kara denA anivArya mAnA gayA hai| isa samaya taka bhI upayukta kSetra prApta na ho to vRkSa ke nIce hI payUSaNAkalpa karanA cAhie / para isa tithi kA kisI bhI paristhiti meM ullaMghana nahIM karanA caahie| vartamAna meM jo paryuSaNA kalpasUtra hai, vaha dazAzrutaskandha kA hI AThavAM adhyayana hai| dazAzrutaskandha kI prAcInatama pratiyAM, jo caudahavIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI haiM, unameM AThaveM adhyayana meM pUrNa kalpasUtra AyA hai| jo yaha spaSTa pramANita karatA hai ki kalpasUtra svatantra racanA nahIM kintu dazAzrutaskandha kA hI AThavAM adhyayana hai / [47 ]
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________________ dUsarI bAta dazAzrutaskandha para jo dvitIya bhadrabAha kI niyukti hai, jinakA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI hai, usameM aura usa niyukti ke AdhAra se nirmita pracalita hai, usake padoM kI vyAkhyA milatI hai| muni zrI puNyavijayajI kA abhimata hai ki dazAzrutaskandha kI cUNi lagabhaga solaha sau varSa purAnI hai| kalpasUtra ke pahale sUtra meM "teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM samaNo bhagavaM mahAvIre.............."aura aMtima sUtra meM .............."bhujjo bhujjo uvadaMsei" pATha hai| vahI pATha dazAzrutaskandha ke AThaveM uddezaka [dazA] meM hai| yahAM para zeSa pATha ko "jAva" zabda ke antargata saMkSepa kara diyA hai| vartamAna meM jo pATha upalabdha hai usameM kevala paMcakalyANaka kA hI nirUpaNa hai, jisakA paryuSaNAkalpa ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki paryuSaNAkalpa isa adhyayana meM pUrNa kalpasUtra thaa| kalpasUtra aura dazAzrutaskandha ina donoM ke racayitA bhadrabAha haiN| isalie donoM eka hI racanAkAra kI racanA hone se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kalpasUtra dazAzrutaskandha kA pAThavA adhyayana hI hai / vRtti, cUNi, pRthvIcaMdaTippaNa aura anya kalpasUtra ko TIkAoM se yaha spaSTa pramANita hai| nauveM uddezaka meM 30 mahAmohanIya sthAnoM kA varNana hai| AtmA ko prAvata karane vAle pudagala karma kahalAte haiN| mohanIyakarma una saba meM pramukha hai| mohanIyakarmabaMdha ke kAraNoM kI koI maryAdA nahIM hai, tathApi zAstrakAra ne mohanIya karmabaMdha ke hetubhUta kAraNoM ke tIsa bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unameM duradhyavasAya kI tIvratA aura krUratA itanI mAtrA meM hotI hai ki kabhI kabhI mahAmohanIyakarma kA bandha ho jAtA hai jisase AtmA 70 koTA-koTi sAgaropama taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| AcArya haribhadra tathA jinadAsagaNI mahattara kevala mohanIya zabda kA prayoga karate hai| uttarAdhyayana, samavAyAMga aura dazAzrutaskandha meM bhI mohanIthasthAna kahA hai|' kintu bhedoM ke ullekha meM "mahAmohaM pakuvvai" zabda kA prayoga huA hai| ve sthAna jaise ki trasa jIvoM ko pAnI meM DabAkara mAranA, unako zvAsa Adi roka kara mAranA, mastaka para gIlA camar3A Adi vA~dhakara mAranA, guptarIti se anAcAra kA sevana karanA, mithyA kalaMka lagAnA, bAlabrahmacArI na hote hue bhI bAlabrahmacArI kahalAnA, kevalajJAnI kI nindA karanA, bahuzruta na hote hue bhI bahuzruta kahalAnA, jAdU-TonA Adi karanA, kAmotpAdaka vikathAoM kA bAra-bAra prayoga karanA Adi haiN| dazaveM uddezaka dizA kA nAma "AyatisthAna" hai| isameM vibhinna nidAnoM kA varNana hai| nidAna kA artha hai-moha ke prabhAva se kAmAdi icchAoM kI utpatti ke kAraNa hone vAlA icchApUrtimUlaka saMkalpa / jaba mAnava ke antarmAnasa meM moha ke prabala prabhAva se vAsanAeM udabhUta hotI haiM taba vaha unakI pUrti ke lie dRr3ha saMkalpa karatA hai| yaha saMkalpavizeSa hI nidAna hai| nidAna ke kAraNa mAnava kI icchAeM bhaviSya meM bhI nirantara banI rahatI haiM jisase vaha janma-maraNa kI paramparA se mukta nahIM ho paataa| bhaviSyakAlIna janma-maraNa kI dRSTi se prastuta uddezaka kA nAma prAyatisthAna rakhA gayA hai| prAyati kA artha janma yA jAti hai| nidAna kA kAraNa hone se AyatisthAna mAnA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to Ayati meM se "ti" pRthaka kara lene para 'pAya" avaziSTa rahatA hai| prAya kA artha lAbha hai| jisa nidAna se janma-maraNa kA lAbha hotA hai usakA nAma Ayati hai| isa dazA meM varNana hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra rAjagaha pdhaare| rAjA zreNika va mahArAnI celanA bhagavAna ke vandana hetu phuNce| rAjA zreNika ke divya va bhavya rUpa aura mahAn samRddhi ko nihAra kara zramaNa socane lagezreNika to sAkSAt devatulya pratIta ho rahA hai| yadi hamAre tapa, niyama aura saMyama Adi kA phala ho to hama bhI 1. tIsaM moha-ThaNAI-abhikkhaNaM-abhikkhaNaM AyAremANe vA samAyAremANe vA mohaNijjatAe kammaM pakareI / --dazAzrutaskandha, pR. 321-upA. AtmArAmajI mahArAja [48 ]
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________________ isa jaise bneN| mahArAnI celanA ke sundara salaune rUpa va aizvarya ko dekhakara zramaNiyoM ke antarmAnasa meM yaha saMkalpa huA ki hamArI sAdhanA kA phala ho to hama AgAmI janma meM calanA jaisI baneM / antaryAmI mahAvIra ne unake saMkalpa ko jAna liyA aura zramaNa-zramaNiyoM se pUchA ki kyA tumhAre mana meM isa prakAra kA saMkalpa huA hai? unhoMne svIkRti sUcaka uttara diyA--"hAM, bhagavan ! yaha bAta satya hai|" bhagavAn ne kahA-"nirgrantha-pravacana sarvottama hai, paripUrNa hai, sampUrNa karmoM ko kSINa karane vAlA hai| jo zramaNa yA zramaNiyAM isa prakAra dharma se vimukha hokara aizvarya Adi ko dekhakara lubhA jAte haiM aura nidAna karate haiM ve yadi binA prAyazcitta kie Ayu pUrNa karate haiM to devaloka meM utpanna hote haiM aura vahAM se ve mAnavaloka meM punaH janma lete haiN| nidAna ke kAraNa unheM kevalI dharma kI prApti nahIM hotii| ve sadA sAMsArika viSayoM meM hI mugdha bane rahate haiN|" zAstrakAra ne 9 prakAra ke nidAnoM kA varNana kara yaha batAyA ki nirgrantha pravacana hI saba karmoM se mukti dilAne vAlA ekamAtra sAdhana hai / ataH nidAna nahIM karanA cAhie aura kiyA ho to AlocanA-prAyazcitta karake mukta ho jAnA caahie| upasaMhAra isa prakAra prastuta prAgama meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jIvanI vistAra se pAThavI dazA meM milatI hai| cittasamAdhi evaM dharmacintA kA sundara varNana hai / upAsakapratimAoM va bhikSupratimAoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI varNana hai| bRhatkalpa bRhatkalpa kA chedasUtroM meM gauravapUrNa sthAna hai / anya chedasUtroM kI taraha isa sUtra meM bhI zramaNoM ke AcAraviSayaka vidhi-niSedha, utsarga-apabAda, tapa, prAyazcitta Adi para cintana kiyA gayA hai| isameM chaha uddezaka haiM, 81 adhikAra haiM, 473 zlokapramANa upalabdha mUlapATha hai / 206 sUtrasaMkhyA hai| prathama uddezaka meM 50 sUtra haiM / pahale ke pAMca sUtra tAlapralaMba viSayaka hai| nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke lie tAla evaM pralaMba grahaNa karane kA niSedha hai| isameM akhaNDa evaM apakva tAlaphala va tAlamUla grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhie kintu vidArita, pakva tAla pralaMba lenA kalpya hai, aisA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, Adi-Adi / mAsakalpa viSayaka niyama meM zramaNoM ke RtubaddhakAla-hemanta aura grISma Rtu ke 8 mahinoM meM eka sthAna para rahane ke adhikatama samaya kA vidhAna kiyA hai| zramaNoM ko saparikSepa arthAt saprAcIra evaM prAcIra se bAhara nimnokta 16 prakAra ke sthAnoM meM varSARtu ke atirikta anya samaya meM eka sAtha eka mAsa se adhika ThaharanA nahIM klptaa| 1. grAma [jahAM rAjya kI aora se 18 prakAra ke kara liye jAte hoM] 2. magara [jahAM 18 prakAra ke kara na lie jAte hoM 3. kheTa [jisake cAroM ora miTTI kI dIvAra ho] 4. karbaTa [jahAM kama loga rahate hoM] 5. maDamba [jisake bAda DhAI kosa taka koI gA~va na ho] [ 49 ]
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________________ 6. pattana [jahAM saba vastueM upalabdha hoM] 7. Akara [jahAM saba vastueM upalabdha hoM] 8. droNamukha [jahA~ jala aura sthala ko milAne vAlA mArga ho, jahAM samudrI mAla prAkara utaratA ho] 9. nigama [jahAM vyApAriyoM kI vasati ho] 10. rAjadhAnI [jahAM rAjA ke rahane ke mahala Adi hoM] 11. prAzrama [jahAM tapasvI Adi rahate hoM] 12. niveza sanniveza [jahAM sArthavAha pAkara utarate hoM] 13. sambAdha-saMbAha [jahAM kRSaka rahate hoM athavA anya gAMva ke loga apane gAMva se dhana Adi kI rakSA ke nimitta parvata, guphA Adi meM Akara Thahare hue hoM] 14. ghoSa [jahAM gAya Adi carAne vAle gUjara loga-gvAle rahate hoM] 15. aMzikA [gAMva kA ardha, tRtIya athavA caturtha bhAga] 16. puTabhedana [jahAM para gAMva ke vyApArI apanI cIjeM becane Ate hoM] nagara kI prAcIra ke andara aura bAhara eka-eka mAsa taka raha sakate haiN| andara rahate samaya bhikSA andara se lenI cAhie aura bAhara rahate samaya bAhara se| zramaNiyAM do mAsa andara aura do mAsa bAhara raha sakatI haiN| jisa prAcIra kA eka hI dvAra ho vahAM nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko eka sAtha rahane kA niSedha kiyA hai, para aneka dvAra hoM to raha sakate haiN| jisa upAzraya ke cAroM ora aneka dukAneM hoM, aneka dvAra hoM vahAM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie kintu sAdhu yatanApUrvaka raha sakatA hai / jo sthAna pUrNa rUpa se khulA ho, dvAra na hoM vahAM para sAdhviyoM ko rahanA nahIM klptaa| yadi apavAdarUpa meM upAzraya-sthAna na mile to paradA lagAkara raha sakatI haiN| nirgranthoM ke lie khule sthAna para bhI rahanA kalpatA hai| nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko kapar3e kI maccharadAnI [cilimilikA rakhane va upayoga karane kI anumati pradAna kI gaI hai| nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ko jalAzaya ke sannikaTa khar3e rahanA, baiThanA, leTanA, sonA, khAnA-pInA, svAdhyAya Adi karanA nahIM kalpatA / jahAM para vikArotpAdaka citra hoM vahAM para zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko rahanA nahIM klptaa| makAna mAlika kI binA anumati ke rahanA nahIM klptaa| jisa makAna ke madhya meM hokara rAstA ho--- jahAM gRhastha rahate hoM, vahAM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie / kisI zramaNa kA AcArya, upAdhyAya, zramaNa yA zramaNI se paraspara kalaha ho gayA ho, paraspara kSamAyAcanA karanI caahie| jo zAMta hotA hai vaha ArAdhaka hai| zramaNadharma kA sAra upazama hai-"uvasamasAraM saamnnnnN"| varSAvAsa meM vihAra kA niSedha hai kintu hemanta va grISma Rtu meM vihAra kA vidhAna hai| jo pratikUla kSetra hoM vahA~ nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAra-bAra vicaranA niSiddha hai| kyoMki saMyama kI virAdhanA hone kI sambhAvanA hai| isalie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| [ 50 ]
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________________ gahastha ke yahAM bhikSA ke lie yA zaucAdi ke lie zramaNa bAhara jAya usa samaya yadi koI gRhastha vastra, pAtra, kambala Adi denA cAhe to AcArya kI anumati prApta hone para use lenA rakhanA caahie| vaise hI dhamaNI ke lie pravartinI kI AjJA Avazyaka hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie rAtri ke samaya yA asamaya meM AhArAdi grahaNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha vastra, pAtra, kambala, rajoharaNa grahaNa kA niSedha hai| apavAdarUpa meM yadi taskara zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke vastra curAkara le gayA ho aura ve punaH prApta ho gaye hoM to rAtri meM le sakate haiN| yadi ve vastra taskaroM ne pahane hoM, svaccha kiye hoM, raMge hoM yA dhUpAdi sugandhita padArthoM se vAsita kiye hoM to bhI grahaNa kara sakate haiN| nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri ke samaya yA vikAla meM vihAra kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yadi uccArabhUmi Adi ke lie apavAda rUpa meM jAnA hI par3e to akelA na jAya kintu sAdhuoM ko sAtha lekara jAya / nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ke vihAra kSetra kI maryAdA para cintana kiyA gayA hai / pUrva meM aMgadeza evaM magadhadeza taka, dakSiNa meM kausAmbI taka, pazcima meM sthUNA taka va uttara meM kuNAlA taka-ye AryakSetra haiN| prAryakSetra meM vicarane se jJAna-darzana kI vRddhi hotI hai| yadi anAryakSetra meM jAne para ratnatraya kI hAni kI sambhAvanA na ho to jA sakate haiN| dvitIya uddezaka meM upAzraya viSayaka 12 sUtroM meM batAyA hai ki jisa upAzraya meM zAlI, vIhi, mUga, ur3ada Adi bikhare par3e hoM vahAM para zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko kiMcit samaya bhI na rahanA cAhie kintu eka sthAna para Dhera rUpa meM par3e hue hoM to vahAM hemanta va grISma Rtu meM rahanA kalpatA hai| yadi koSThAgAra Adi meM surakSita rakhe hue hoM to varSAvAsa meM bhI rahanA kalpatA hai| jisa sthAna para surAvikaTa, sauvIravikaTa Adi rakhe hoM vahA~ kiMcit samaya bhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA caahie|' yadi kAraNavazAt anveSaNA karane para bhI anya sthAna upalabdha na ho to zramaNa do rAtri raha sakatA hai, adhika nhiiN| adhika rahane para cheda yA parihAra kA prAyazcitta AtA hai / 2 / isI taraha zItodakavikaTakubha, uSNodakavikaTakubha, jyoti, dIpaka aAdi se yukta upAzraya meM nahIM rahanA caahie| isI taraha eka yA aneka makAna ke adhipati se AhArAdi nahIM lenA caahie| yadi eka mukhya ho to usake atirikta zeSa ke yahAM se le sakate haiN| yahAM para zayyAtara mukhya hai jisakI prAjJA grahaNa kI hai| zayyAtara ke vividha pahaluoM para cintana kiyA gayA hai| nimrantha-nirganthiyoM ko jAMgika, bhA~gika, sAnaka, potaka aura tiriTapaTTaka ye pA~ca prakAra se vastra lenA --kSemakIrtikRta vRti, pRSTha 10952 2. "chedo vA" paMcarAtrindivAdiH "parihAro vA" mAsalaghukAdistapovizeSo bhavatIti sUtrArthaH / / -vahI 3. jaMgamAH trasAH tadavayavaniSpannaM jAMgamikam, bhagA atasI tanmayaM bhAMgikam, sanasUtramayaM sAnakam, potaka kAryAsikam tirITa: vRkSavizeSastasya yaH paTTo valkala kSaNastaniSpanna tirITapaTTakaM nA paMcamam / ~-u02, sU024 [ 51 ]
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________________ kalpatA hai aura auNika, prauSTrika, sAnaka, vaccakacippaka, mUjacippaka ye pAMca prakAra ke' rajoharaNa rakhanA kalpatA hai| tRtIya uddezaka meM nirgranthoM ko nirgranthiyoM ke upAzraya meM baiThanA, sonA, khAnA, pInA, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga karanA nahIM kalpatA / isI prakAra nirgranthiyoM ko nirgranthoM ke upAzraya prAdi meM baiThanA, khAnA, pInA Adi nahIM kalpatA / prAge ke cAra sUtroM meM carma viSayaka, upabhoga Adi ke sambandha meM kalpAkalpa kI carcA hai| vastra ke sambandha meM kahA hai ki ve raMgIna na hoM, kintu zveta hone caahie| kaunasI-kaunasI vastueM dhAraNa karanA yA na karanA-isakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| dIkSA lete samaya vastroM kI maryAdA kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| varSAvAsa meM vastra lene kA niSedha hai kintu hemanta va grISma RtU meM AvazyakatA hone para vastra lene meM bAdhA nahIM hai aura vastra ke vibhAjana kA isa sambandha meM bhI cintana kiyA hai| nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko prAtihArika vastueM usake mAlika ko binA diye anyatra vihAra karanA nahIM klptaa| yadi kisI vastu ko koI curA le to usakI anveSaNA karanI cAhiye aura milane para zayyAtara ko de denI cAhie / yadi AvazyakatA ho to usakI AjJA hone para upayoga kara sakatA hai / caturtha uddezaka meM abrahmasevana tathA rAtri-bhojana Adi vratoM ke sambandha meM doSa lagane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| paMDaka, napusaka evaM vAtika pravrajyA ke lie ayogya hai| yahAM taka ki unake sAtha saMbhoga eka sAtha bhojana-pAnAdi karanA bhI niSiddha hai| avinIta, rasalolupI va krodhI ko zAstra par3hAnA anucita hai| duSTa, mUDha aura duvidagdha ye tIna pravrajyA aura upadeza ke anadhikArI haiN| nigraMnthI rugNa avasthA meM yA anya kisI kAraNa se apane pitA, bhAI, putra Adi kA sahArA lekara uThatI yA baiThatI ho aura sAdhu ke sahAre kI icchA kare to cAturmAsika prAyazcita pAtA hai| isI taraha nirgrantha mAtA, zrI Adi kA sahArA lete hue tathA sAdhvI ke sahAre kI icchA kare to use bhI cAturmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| isameM caturtha vrata ke khaMDana kI sambhAvanA hone se prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA hai| nirgrantha va nirganthiyoM ko kAlAtikrAnta, kSetrAtikrAnta prazanAdi grahaNa karanA nahIM klptaa| prathama pauruSI kA lAyA huA AhAra caturtha pauruSI taka rakhanA nahIM klptaa| yadi bhUla se raha jAya to paraTha denA caahie| upayoga karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| yadi bhUla se aneSaNIya, snigdha prazanAdi bhikSA meM A gayA ho to anapasthApita zramaNa- jinameM mahAvratoM kI sthApanA nahIM kI hai unheM de denA caahie| yadi vaha na ho to nirdoSa sthAna para paraTha denA caahie| Acelakya prAdi kalpa meM sthita zramaNoM ke lie nirmita AhArAdi akalpasthita zramaNoM ke lie kalpanIya hai| jo AhArAdi akalpasthita zramaNoM ke lie nirmita ho vaha karUpasthita zramaNoM ke lie akalpya hotA hai| yahAM para kalpasthita kA tAtparya hai "paMcayAmadharmapratipanna" aura akalpasthita dharma kA artha hai "caaturyaamdhrmprtipnn"| 1. "auNika" UraNikAnAmUrNAbhinivRttam, "pauSTrika" uSTromabhinivRttam, "sAnaka" sanavRkSavalkAd jAtam "vAcakaH" tRNavizeSastasya "cippakaH'' kuTTitaH tvagUpaH tena niSpanna vaccakacippakam "mujaH" zarastambastasya cippakAd jAtaM mujacippaka nAma paMcamamiti / -----u0 2, sU0 25 [ 52
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________________ kisI nigrantha ko jJAna Adi ke kAraNa anya gaNa meM upasampadA lenI ho to AcArya kI anumati prAvazyaka hai| isI prakAra prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka Adi ko bhI yadi anya gaNa meM upasampadA lenI ho to apane samudAya kI yogya vyavasthA karake hI anya gaNa meM sammilita honA caahie| saMdhyA ke samaya yA rAtri meM koI zramaNa yA zramaNI kAladharma ko prApta ho jAya to dUsare zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko usa mRta zarIra ko rAtri bhara sAvadhAnI se rakhanA caahie| prAtaH gRhastha ke ghara se bAMsa Adi lAkara mRtaka ko usase bAMdhakara dUra jaMgala meM nirdoSa bhUmi para prasthApita kara denA cAhie aura puna: bAMsa Adi gahastha ko de denA caahie| zramaNa ne kisI gahastha ke sAtha yadi kalaha kiyA ho to use zAMta kiye binA bhikSAcaryA karamA nahIM klptaa| parihAravizuddhacAritra grahaNa karane kI icchA vAle zramaNa ko vidhi samajhAne hetu pAraNe ke dina svayaM cArya, upAdhyAya usake pAsa jAkara AhAra dilAte haiM aura svasthAna para Akara parihAravizuddhacAritra kA pAlana karane kI vidhi batalAte haiN| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko gaMgA, yamunA, sarayU, kozikA, mahI ina pAMca mahAnadiyoM meM se mahIne meM eka se adhika bAra eka nadI pAra nahIM karanI caahie| airAvatI Adi chichalI nadiyAM mahIne meM do-tIna bAra pAra kI jA sakatI haiN| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko ghAsa kI aisI nirdoSa jhopar3I meM, jahAM para acchI taraha se khar3A nahIM rahA jA sake, hemanta va grISma Rtu meM rahanA baya' hai| yadi nirdoSa tRNAdi se banI huI do hAtha se kama UMcI jhopar3I hai to varSARtu meM vahAM nahIM raha sakate / yadi do hAtha se adhika UMcI hai to vahAM varSARtu meM raha sakate haiN| paMcama uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki yadi koI deva strI kA rUpa banAkara sAdhu kA hAtha pakar3e aura vaha sAdhu usake komala sparza ko sukharUpa mAne to use maithuna pratisevana doSa lagatA hai aura use cAturmAsika guru-prAyazcitta AtA hai| isI prakAra sAdhvI ko bhI usake viparIta puruSa sparza kA anubhava hotA hai aura use sukharUpa mAne to cAturmAsika guru-prAyazcitta AtA hai| koI zramaNa binA kleza ko zAMta kie anya gaNa meM jAkara mila jAya aura usa gaNa ke prAcArya ko jJAta ho jAya ki yaha zramaNa bahAM se kalaha karake AyA hai to use pAMca rAtadina kA cheda denA cAhie aura use zAnta kara apane gaNa meM punaH bheja denA caahie| sazakta yA azakta zramaNa sUryodaya ho cukA hai yA abhI asta nahIM huyA hai aisA samajhakara yadi AhArAdi karatA hai aura phira yadi use yaha jJAta ho jAya ki abhI to sUryodaya huA hI nahIM hai yA asta ho gayA hai to use AhArAdi tatkSaNa tyAga denA caahie| use rAtribhojana kA doSa nahIM lgtaa| sUryodaya aura sUryAsta ke prati zaMkAzIla hokara AhArAdi karane vAle ko rAtribhojana kA doSa lagatA hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko rAtri meM DakArAdi ke dvArA muha meM anna Adi A jAya to use bAhara thUka denA cAhie / yadi pAhArAdi meM dvIndriyAdi jIva gira jAya to yatanApUrvaka nikAla kara AhArAdi karanA caahie| yadi nikalane kI sthiti meM na ho to ekAnta nirdoSa sthAna meM paristhApana kara de| aAhArAdi lete samaya sacitta pAnI kI bUdeM AhArAdi meM gira jAeM aura vaha AhAra garama ho to use khAne meM kicita mAtra bhI doSa nahIM hai| [53 ]
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________________ kyoMki usameM par3I huI bUMdeM acitta ho jAtI haiM / yadi AhAra zItala hai to na svayaM khAnA cAhie aura na dUsaroM ko khilAnA cAhie apitu ekAnta sthAna para paristhApana kara denA caahie| nirgranthI ko ekAkI rahanA, nagna rahanA, pAvarahita rahanA, grAmAdi ke bAhara AtApanA lenA, utkaTukAsana, vIrAsana, daNDAsana, laguDazAyI Adi Asana para baiThakara kAyotsarga karanA vayaM hai| - nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko paraspara moka (pezAba yA thUka) kA Acamana karanA akalpya hai kintu rogAdi kAraNoM se grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / parihArakarUpa meM sthiti bhikSa ko sthavira Adi ke Adeza se anyatra jAnA par3e to zIghra jAnA cAhie aura kArya karake punaH lauTa AnA caahie| yadi cAritra meM kisI prakAra kA doSa lage to prAyazcitta lekara zuddha kara lenA caahie| chaThe uddezaka meM yaha batAyA hai ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko alIka (jhUTha) vacana, hIlitavacana, khisitavacana, paruSavacana, gArhasthikavacana, vyavazamitodIraNavacana (zAMta hue kalaha ko ubhAranevAlA vacana), ye chaha prakAra ke vacana nahIM bolanA caahie| prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, avirati-abrahma, napusaka, dAsa Adi kA Aropa lagAne vAle ko prAyazcitta pAtA hai| nirgantha ke paira meM kAMTA laga gayA ho aura vaha nikAlane meM asamartha ho to use apavAdarUpa meM nirgranthI nikAla sakatI hai| isI prakAra nadI Adi meM DUbane, girane, phisalane Adi kA prasaMga Aye to sAdhu sAdhvI kA hAtha pakar3akara bacAye / isI prakAra vikSiptacitta nirgranthI ko apane hAtha se pakar3akara usake sthAna para pahuMcA de, vaise hI bhI sAdhvI hAtha pakar3akara pahuMcA sakatI hai| yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki ye ApavAdika sUtra haiN| isameM vikArabhAvanA nahIM kintu paraspara ke saMyama kI surakSA kI bhAvanA hai| sAdhu kI maryAdA kA nAma kalpasthiti hai / yaha chaha prakAra kI hai--sAmAyika-saMyatakalpasthiti, chedopasthApanIya saMyatakalpasthiti, nirvizamAnakalpasthiti, niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti, jinakalpasthiti aura sthvirklpsthiti| ___isa prakAra bRhatkalpa meM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke jIvana aura vyavahAra se sambandhita aneka mahattvapUrNa tathyoM para prakAza DAlA hai| yahI isa zAstra kI vizeSatA hai| vyavahArasUtra bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ye donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM / vyavahAra bhI chedasUtra hai jo caraNAnuyogamaya hai| isameM daza uddezaka haiM / 373 anuSTupa zloka pramANa upalabdha mUla pATha hai / 267 sUtra saMkhyA hai| prathama uddezaka meM mAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya doSa kA sevana kara usa doSa kI prAcArya Adi ke pAsa kapaTarahita AlocanA karane vAle zramaNa ko ekamAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai jabaki kapaTasahita karane para dvimAsika prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| dvimAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya doSa kI sAdhaka niSkapaTa AlocanA karatA hai to use dvimAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura kapaTasahita karane se tIna mAsa kA / isa prakAra tIna, cAra, pAMca aura chaha mAsa ke [ 54 ]
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________________ prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| adhika se adhika chaha mAsa ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| jisane aneka doSoM kA sevana kiyA ho use kramazaH pAlocanA karanI cAhie aura phira sabhI kA sAtha meM prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karate hue bhI yadi punaH doSa laga jAya to usakA punaHprAyazcitta karanA caahie| prAyazcitta kA sevana karane vAle zramaNa ko sthavira Adi kI anujJA lekara hI anya sAdhuoM ke sAtha uThanAbaiThanA caahie| AjJA kI avahelanA kara kisI ke sAtha yadi vaha baiThatA hai to utane dina kI usakI dIkSAparyAya kama hotI hai jise Agamika bhASA meM cheda kahA gayA hai| parihArakalpa kA parityAga kara sthavira Adi kI sevA ke lie dUsare sthAna para jA sakatA hai / koI zramaNa gaNa kA parityAga kara ekAkI vicaraNa karatA hai aura yadi vaha apane ko zuddha prAcAra ke pAlana karane meM asamartha anubhava karatA hai to use AlocanA kara cheda yA navIna dIkSA grahaNa karavAnI cAhie / jo niyama sAmAnya rUpa se ekalavihArI zramaNa ke lie hai vahI niyama ekalavihArI gaNAvacchedaka, AcArya va zithilAcArI zramaNa ke lie hai| AlocanA prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke samakSa kara prAyazcitta lekara zuddha honA caahie| yadi ve anupasthita hoM to apane saMbhogI, sArmika, bahuzruta Adi ke samakSa AlocanA karanI caahie| yadi ve pAsa meM na hoM to anya samudAya ke saMbhogI, bahuzruta Adi zramaNa jahA~ hoM vahA~ jAkara AlocanA kara prAyazcitta grahaNa karanA caahie| yadi vaha bhI na hoM to sArUpika (sadoSI) kintu bahuzruta sAdhu hoM to vahA~ jAkara prAyazcitta lenA caahie| yadi vaha bhI na hoM to bahuzruta zramaNopAsaka ke pAsa aura usakA bhI abhAva ho to samyagdaSTi gahastha ke pAsa jAkara prAyazcitta karanA cAhie / ina sabake abhAva meM gA~va yA nagara ke bAhara jAkara pUrva yA uttara dizA ke sammukha khar3e hokara donoM hAtha jor3akara apane aparAdha kI pAlocanA kare / dvitIya uddezaka meM kahA hai ki eka samAna samAcArI vAle do sArmika sAtha meM hoM aura unameM se kisI eka ne doSa kA sevana kiyA ho to dUsare ke sanmukha prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karane vAle kI sevA Adi kA bhAra dUsare zramaNa para rahatA hai| yadi donoM ne doSasthAna kA sevana kiyA ho to paraspara AlocanA kara prAyazcitta lekara sevA karanI caahie| aneka zramaNoM meM se kisI eka zramaNa ne aparAdha kiyA ho to eka ko hI prAyazcitta de / yadi sabhI ne aparAdha kiyA hai to eka ke atirikta zeSa sabhI prAyazcitta lekara zuddhikaraNa kareM aura unakA prAyazcitta pUrNa hone para use bhI prAyazcitta dekara zuddha kreN| parihArakalpasthita zramaNa kadAcit rugNa ho jAya to use gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM kalpatA / jaba taka vaha svastha na ho jAya taba taka bayAvRtya karavAnA gaNAvacchedaka kA kartavya hai aura svastha hone para usane sadoSAvasthA meM sevA karavAI ataH use prAyazcitta lenA caahie| isI taraha anavasthApya evaM pArAMcika prAyazcitta karane vAle ko bhI rugNAvasthA meM gaccha se bAhara nahIM karanA caahie| vikSiptacitta ko bhI gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM kalpatA aura jaba taka usakA citta sthira na ho jAya taba taka usakI pUrNa sevA karanI cAhie tathA svastha hone para nAmamAtra kA prAyazcitta denA caahie| isI prakAra dIptacitta (jisakA citta abhimAna se udadIpta ho gayA hai), unmAdaprApta, upasargaprApta, sAdhikaraNa, saprAyazcitta grAdi ko gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM klptaa| nauvAM anavasthApya prAyazcitta karane vAle sAdhu ko mRhasthaliMga dhAraNa karAye binA saMyama meM punaH sthApita [ 55 ]
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________________ nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki usakA aparAdha itanA mahAna hotA hai ki binA vaisA kiye usakA pUrA prAyazcitta nahIM ho pAtA aura na anya zramaNoM ke antarmAnasa meM usa prakAra ke aparAdha ke prati bhaya hI utpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra dasaveM pAraMcika prAyazcitta vAle zramaNa ko bhI gahastha kA veSa pahanAne ke pazcAta puna: saMyama meM sthApita karanA cAhie / yaha adhikAra prAyazcittadAtA ke hAtha meM hai ki use gahastha kA veSa na pahanAkara anya prakAra kA veSa bhI pahanA sakatA hai| pArihArika aura apArihArika zramaNa eka sAtha AhAra kareM, yaha ucita nahIM hai / pArihArika zramaNoM ke sAtha binA tapa pUrNa hue apArihArika zramaNoM ko AhArAdi nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki jo tapasvI haiM unakA tapa pUrNa hone ke pazcAt eka mAsa ke tapa para pAMca dina aura chaha mahIne ke tapa para eka mahInA vyatIta ho jAne ke pUrva unake sAtha koI AhAra nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki una dinoM meM unake lie vizeSa prakAra ke pAhAra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo dUsaroM ke lie Avazyaka nahIM / tRtIya uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki kisI zramaNa ke mAnasa meM apanA svataMtra gaccha banAkara paribhramaNa karane kI icchA ho para vaha AcArAMga Adi kA parijJAtA nahIM ho to ziSya Adi parivArasahita hone para bhI pRthak gaNa banAkara svacchandI honA yogya nhiiN| yadi vaha AcArAMga Adi kA jJAtA hai to sthavira se anumati lekara vicara thavira kI binA anumati ke vicarane bAle ko jitane dina isa prakAra vicarA ho utane hI dina kA cheda yA pArihArika prAyazcitta kA bhAgI honA par3atA hai| upAdhyAya vahI bana sakatA hai jo kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA hai, nirgrantha ke prAcAra meM niSNAta haiM, saMyama meM pravINa hai, AcArAMga prAdi pravacanazAstroM meM pAraMgata hai, prAyazcitta dene meM pUrNa samartha hai, saMgha ke lie kSetra Adi kA nirNaya karane meM dakSa hai, cAritravAna hai, bahuzruta hai Adi / prAcArya vaha bana sakatA hai jo zramaNa ke prAcAra meM kuzala, pravacana meM paTu, dazAzrutaskandha-kalpa-bRhatkalpavyavahAra kA jJAtA hai aura kama se kama pAMca varSa kA dIkSita hai / AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartinI, sthavira, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka pada use diyA jA sakatA hai jo zramaNa ke prAcAra meM kuzala, pravacanadakSa, asaMkliSTamanA va sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga kA jJAtA hai| apavAda meM eka dina kI dIkSAparyAya vAle sAdhu ko bhI prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai| usa prakAra kA sAdhu pratItikArI, dhairyazIla, vizvasanIya, samabhAvI, pramoda kArI, anumata, bahumata va ucca kulotpanna evaM guNasaMpanna honA Avazyaka hai| AcArya athavA upAdhyAya kI AjJA se hI saMyama kA pAlana karanA cAhie / abrahma kA sevana karane vAlA prAcArya Adi padavI ke ayogya hai / yadi gaccha kA parityAga kara usane vaisA kArya kiyA hai to punaH dIkSA dhAraNa kara tIna varSa bItane para yadi usakA mana sthira ho, vikAra zAMta ho, kaSAya Adi kA abhAva ho to prAcArya pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai| caturtha uddezaka meM kahA hai ki prAcArya athavA upAdhyAya ke sAtha hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM kama se kama eka anya sAdhu honA cAhie aura gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha do / barSARtu meM prAcArya aura upAdhyAya ke sAtha do va gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha tIna sAdhuoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| [ 56 ]
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________________ AcArya kI mahattA para prakAza DAlakara yaha batAyA gayA hai ki unake abhAva meM kisa prakAra rahanA cAhie ? AcArya, upAdhyAya yadi adhika rugNa hoM aura jIvana kI AzA kama ho to anya sabhI zramaNoM ko bulAkara prAcArya kahe ki merI Ayu pUrNa hone para amuka sAdhu ko amuka padavI pradAna karanA / unakI mRtyu ke pazcAt yadi vaha sAdhu yogya pratIta na ho to anya ko bhI pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura yogya ho to use hI pratiSThita karanA caahie| anya yogya zramaNa AcArAMga Adi par3hakara dakSa na ho jAya taba taka AcArya Adi kI sammati se asthAyI rUpa se sAdhu ko kisI bhI pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura yogya padAdhikArI prApta hone para pUrvavyakti ko apane pada se pRthaka ho jAnA caahie| yadi vaha vaisA nahIM karatA hai to prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| do zramaNa sAtha meM vicaraNa karate hoM to unheM yogyatAnusAra choTA aura bar3A hokara rahanA cAhie aura eka-dUsare kA sammAna karanA cAhie / isI prakAra AcArya, upAdhyAya ko bhii| pAMcaveM uddezaka meM pravartinI ko kama se kama do anya sAdhviyoM ke sAtha zItoSNakAla meM grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karanA cAhie aura gaNAvacchedikA ke sAtha tIna anya sAdhviyAM honI cAhie / varSA Rtu meM pravartinI ke sAtha tIna aura gaNAvacchedikA ke sAtha cAra sAdhviyAM honI caahie| pravartinI prAdi kI mRtyU aura padAdhikArI kI niyukti ke sambandha meM jaisA zramaNoM ke lie kahA gayA hai vaisA hI zramaNiyoM ke lie bhI samajhanA caahie| vaiyAvRtya ke lie sAmAnya vidhAna yaha hai ki zramaNa, zramaNI se aura zramaNI, zramaNa se bayAvRtya na karAve kintu apavAdarUpa meM paraspara sevA-zuzrUSA kara sakate haiN| sarpadaMza Adi koI viziSTa paristhiti paidA ho jAya to apavAdarUpa meM gahastha se bhI sevA karavAI jA na sthavirakalpiyoM ke lie hai| jinakalpiyoM ke lie sevA kA vidhAna nahIM hai| yadi ve sevA karavAte haiM to pArihArika taparUpa prAyazcitta karanA par3atA hai| chaThe uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki apane svajanoM ke yahAM binA sthaviroM kI anumati prApta kie nahIM jAnA caahie| jo zramaNa-zramaNI alpazruta va alpa-prAgamI haiM unheM ekAkI apane sambandhiyoM ke yahAM nahIM jAnA cAhie / yadi jAnA hai to bahuzruta va bahuprAgamadhArI zramaNa-zramaNI ke sAtha jAnA caahie| zramaNa ke pahuMcane ke pUrva jo vastu paka kara taiyAra ho cukI hai vaha grAhya hai aura jo taiyAra nahIM huI hai vaha agrAhya hai| prAcArya, upAdhyAya yadi bAhara se upAzraya meM AveM to unake pAMva poMchakara sApha karanA caahie| unake laghunIta Adi ko yatanApUrvaka bhUmi para paraThanA caahie| yathAzakti unakI vaiyAvRtya karanI cAhie / upAzraya meM unake sAtha rahanA caahie| upAzraya ke bAhara jAveM taba unake sAtha jAnA cAhie / gaNAvacchedaka upAzraya meM raheM taba sAtha rahanA cAhie aura upAzraya se bAhara jAeM to sAtha jAnA caahie| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko prAcArAMga Adi AgamoM ke jJAtA zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke sAtha rahana kalpatA hai aura binA jJAtA ke sAtha rahane para prAyazcitta kA bhAgI bananA par3atA hai| kisI vizeSa kAraNa se anya gaccha se nikalakara Ane vAle zramaNa-zramaNI yadi nirdoSa haiM, AcAraniSTha haiM, sabaladoSa se rahita haiM, krodhAdi se asaMspRSTa haiM, apane doSoM kI AlocanA kara zUddhi karate haiM, to unake sAtha samAnatA kA vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai, nahIM to nhiiN| [ 57 ]
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________________ sAtaveM uddezaka meM yaha vidhAna hai ki sAdhU strI ko aora sAdhvI puruSa ko dIkSA na de| yadi kisI aise sthAna meM kisI strI ko vairAgya bhAvanA jAgrata haI ho jahAM sannikaTa meM sAdhvI na ho to vaha isa zarta para dIkSA detA hai ki vaha yathAzIghra kisI sAdhvI ko supurda kara degaa| isI taraha sAdhvI bhI puruSa ko dIkSA de sakatI hai| jahAM para taskara, badamAza yA duSTa vyaktiyoM kA prAdhAnya ho vahAM zramaNiyoM ko vicaranA nahIM kalpatA, kyoMki vahAM para vastrAdi ke apaharaNa va vratabhaMga zrAdi kA bhaya rahatA hai| zramaNoM ke lie koI bAdhA nahIM hai| kisI zramaNa kA kisI aise zramaNa se vaira-virodha ho gayA hai jo vikaTa dizA (corAdi kA nivAsa ho aisA sthAna) meM hai to vahA~ jAkara usase kSamAyAcanA karanI cAhie, kintu svasthAna para rahakara nhiiN| kintu zramaNI apane sthAna se bhI kSamAyAcanA kara sakatI hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko AcArya, upAdhyAya ke niyantraNa ke binA svacchanda rUpa se paribhramaNa karanA nahIM klptaa| AThaveM uddezaka meM isa bAta para prakAza DAlA gayA hai ki sAdhU eka hAtha se uThAne yogya choTe-moTe zayyA saMstAraka, tIna dina meM jitanA mArga taya kara sake utanI dUra se lAnA kalpatA hai| kisI baddha nirgrantha ke lie mAvazyakatA par3ane para pAMca dina meM jitanA cala sake utanI dUrI se lAnA kalpatA hai / sthavira ke lie nimna upakaraNa kalpanIya haiM--daNDa, bhANDa, chatra, mAtrikA, lASThika (pITha ke pIche rakhane ke lie takiyA yA pATA), dhyAyAdi ke lie baiThane kA pATA), cela (vastra), cela-cilimilikA (vastra kA pardA), carma, carmakoza (camar3e kI thailI), carma-palicha (lapeTane ke lie camar3e kA ttukdd'aa)| ina upakaraNoM meM se jo sAtha meM rakhane ke yogya na hoM unheM upAzraya ke samIpa kisI gRhastha ke yahAM rakhakara samaya-samaya para unakA upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| kisI sthAna para aneka zramaNa rahate hoM, unameM se koI zramaNa kisI gRhastha ke yahAM para koI upakaraNa bhUla gayA ho aura anya zramaNa vahAM para gayA ho to gRhastha zramaNa se kahe ki yaha upakaraNa Apake samudAya ke saMta kA hai to saMta usa upakaraNa ko lekara svasthAna para Aye aura jisakA upakaraNa ho use de de| yadi vaha upakaraNa kisI saMta kA na ho to na svayaM usakA upayoga kare aura na dUsaroM ko upayoga ke lie de kintu nirdoSa sthAna para usakA parityAga kara de| yadi zramaNa vahAM se vihAra kara gayA ho to usakI anveSaNA kara svayaM use usake pAsa pahuMcAve / yadi usakA sahI patA na lage to ekAnta sthAna para prasthApita kara de| pAhAra kI carcA karate hue batAyA hai ki ATha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA alpa-yAhArI, bAraha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA apArdhAvamaudarika, solaha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA dvibhAgaprApta, caubIsa grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA prAptAvamaudarika, battIsa grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA pramANopetAhArI evaM battIsa grAsa se eka hI grAsa kama khAne vAlA avamaudarika kahalAtA hai| nauveM uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki zayyAtara kA AhArAdi para svAmitva ho yA usakA kucha adhikAra ho to vaha prAhAra zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie grAhya nahIM hai| isameM bhikSupratimAnoM kA bhI ullekha hai jisakI carcA hama dazAzrutaskandha ke varNana meM kara cuke haiN| dasaveM uhe zaka meM yavamadhyacandra pratimA yA vanamadhyacandrapratimA kA svarUpa pratipAdita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo yava (jau) ke kaNa samAna madhya meM moTI ora donoM ora patalI ho vaha yavamadhyacandrapratimA hai| jo vana ke samAna madhya meM patalI aura donoM aura moTI ho vaha vajramadhyacandrapratimA hai| yavamadhyacandrapratimA kA dhAraka vamadhyacandrapratimA hai| jo vana [ 58 ]
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________________ zramaNa eka mAsa paryanta apane zarIra ke mamatva ko tyAga kara deva, manuSya aura tiryaJca sambandhI anukUla yA pratikUla upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karatA hai aura zuklapakSa kI pratipadA ko eka datti AhAra kI aura eka datti pAnI kI, dvitIyA ko do datti AhAra kI aura do datti pAnI kI grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra kramazaH eka-eka datti bar3hAtA huA pUrNimA ko 15 datti AhAra kI aura 15 datti pAnI kI grahaNa karatA hai| kRSNapakSa meM kramaza: eka datti kama karatA jAtA hai aura amAvasyA ke dina upavAsa karatA hai| ise yavamadhyacandrapratimA kahate haiN| vajramadhyacandrapratimA meM kRSNapakSa kI pratipadA ko 15 datti pAhAra kI aura 15 dati pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI hai| use pratidina kama karate hue yAvat amAvasyA ko eka datti prAhAra kI aura eka datti pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI hai / zuklapakSa meM kramaza: eka-eka datti bar3hAte hue pUrNimA ko upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra 30 dina kI pratyeka pratimA ke prArambha ke 29 dina datti ke anusAra pAhAra aura antima dina upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai| vyavahAra ke Agama, zruta, AjJA, dhAraNA aura jItavyavahAra, ye pAMca prakAra haiN| inameM pAgama kA sthAna prathama hai aura phira kramazaH inakI carcA vistAra se bhASya meM hai| sthavira ke jAtisthavira, sUtrasthavira aura pravrajyAsthavira, ye tIna bheda haiN| 60 varSa kI Ayu vAlA zramaNa jAtisthavira yA vayaHsthavira kahalAtA hai| ThANAMga, samavAyAMga kA jJAtA sUtrasthavira aura dIkSA dhAraNa karane ke 20 varSa pazcAta kI dIkSA vAle nirgrantha pravrajyAsthavira kahalAte haiN| zaikSa bhUmiyAM tIna prakAra kI haiM-sapta-rAtridinI cAturmAsikI aura ssnnmaasikii| ATha varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka-bAlikAoM ko dIkSA denA nahIM klptaa| jinakI umra laghu hai ve prAcArAMgasUtra ke par3hane ke adhikArI nahIM haiN| kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle sAdhu ko AcArAMga par3hAnA kalpya hai / cAra varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle ko sUtrakRtAMga, pA~ca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle ko dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa (bRhatkalpa) aura vyavahAra, ATha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga, dasa varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI), gyAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko laghuvimAna-pravibhakti, mahAvimAnapravibhakti, aMgacUlikA, baMgalikA aura vivAha-cUlikA, bAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko aNorupapAtika, garulopapAtika, dharaNopapAtika, vaizramaNopapAtika aura vailaMdharopapAtika, teraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko upasthAnazruta, devendropapAta aura nAgapariyApanikA (nAgapariyAvaNigrA), caudaha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko svapnabhAvanA, pandraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko cAraNabhAvanA, solaha yarSa kI dIkSA vAle ko vedanIzataka, satraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko pAzIviSabhAvanA, aThAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko dRSTividhabhAvanA, unnIsa varSa kI dIkSA vAle vAle ko dRSTivAda aura bIsa varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko saba prakAra ke zAstra par3hAnA kalpya hai| vaiyAvRtya (sevA) dasa prakAra kI kahI gaI hai--1. AcArya kI vaiyAvRtya, 2. upAdhyAya kI vaiyAvRtya, usI prakAra, 3. sthavira kI, 4. tapasvI kI, 5. zaikSa-chAtra kI, 6. glAna-rugNa kI, 7. sAmika kI, 8. kala kI. 9. gaNa kI aura 10. saMgha kI vaiyAvRtya / uparyukta dasa prakAra kI vayAvRtya se mahAnirjarA hotI hai| upasaMhAra isa prakAra prastuta sUtra kI aneka vizeSatAeM haiN| isameM svAdhyAya para vizeSa rUpa se bala diyA gayA hai| [ 59 ]
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________________ sAtha hI ayogyakAla meM svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| anadhyAyakAla kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| zramaNazramaNiyoM ke bIca adhyayana kI sImAeM nirdhArita kI gaI haiN| AhAra kA kavalAhArI, alpAhArI aura UnodarI kA varNana hai / prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke lie bihAra ke niyama pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| AlocanA aura prAyazcitta kI vidhiyoM kA isameM vistRta vivecana hai / sAdhviyoM ke nivAsa, adhyayana, vaiyAvatya tathA saMgha-vyavasthA ke niyamopaniyama kA vivecana hai| isake racayitA zrutakevalI bhadrabAha mAne jAte haiN| vyAkhyAsAhitya Agama sAhitya ke guru gambhIra rahasyoM ke udghATana ke liye vividhavyAkhyAsAhitya kA nirmANa hayA hai ! usa virATa Agama vyAkhyAsAhitya ko hama pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM (1) niyuktiyAM (nijjutti)| (2) bhASya (bhAsa) / (3) cUNiyAM (cunnnni)| (4) saMskRta ttiikaaeN| (5) lokabhASA meM likhita vyAkhyAsAhitya / sarvaprathama prAkRta bhASA meM jo padyabaddha TIkAeM likhI gaI ve niyuktiyoM ke nAma se vizruta haiN| niyuktiyoM meM mUla grantha ke pratyeka pada para vyAkhyA na kara mukhya rUpa se pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / usakI zailI nikSepapaddhati kI hai| jo nyAyazAstra meM atyadhita priya rhii| nikSepapaddhati meM kisI eka pada ke sambhAvita aneka artha karane ke pazcAt unameM se aprastuta arthoM kA niSedha kara prastuta artha grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| suprasiddha jarmana vidvAn zArapeNTiyara ne niyukti kI paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai--"niyuktiyA~ apane pradhAna bhAga ke kevala iNDeksa kA kAma karatI haiM / ve sabhI vistAra yukta ghaTanAvaliyoM kA saMkSepa meM ullekha karatI haiN|" niyuktikAra bhadrabAha mAne jAte haiN| ve kauna the isa sambandha meM hamane anya prastAvanAoM meM vistAra se likhA hai / bhadrabAhu kI dasa niyuktiyAM prApta haiM / usameM dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti bhI eka hai| dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti prathama zratakevalI bhadrabAha ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai phira daza adhyayanoM ke adhikAroM kA varNana hai| prathama asamAdhisthAna meM dravya aura bhAva samAdhi ke sambandha meM cintana kara sthAna ke nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, zraddhA, Urdhva, caryA, vasati, saMyama, pragraha, yodha, acala, gaNana, saMsthAna (saMghANa) aura bhAva ina pandraha nikSepoM kA varNana hai| dvitIya adhyayana meM zabala kA nAma Adi cAra nikSepa se vicAra kiyA hai| tRtIya adhyayana meM AzAtanA kA vizleSaNa hai| caturtha adhyayana meM "gaNi" aura "sampadA" para nikSepa dRSTi se cintana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki gaNi aura guNI ye donoM ekArthaka haiN| prAcAra hI prathama gaNisthAna hai| sampadA ke dravya aura bhAva ye do bheda haiM / zarIra dravyasampadA hai aura AcAra bhAvasampadA hai| paMcama adhyayana meM cittasamAdhi kA nikSepa kI daSTi se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| samAdhi ke cAra prakAra haiN| jaba citta rAga-dveSa se mukta hotA hai, prazastadhyAna meM tallIna hotA hai taba bhAvasamAdhi hotI hai| SaSTha adhyayana meM upAsaka aura pratimA para nikSepa daSTi se cintana kiyA gayA hai| upAsaka ke dravyopAsaka, tadarthopAsaka, mohopAsaka aura bhAvopAsaka ye cAra prakAra hai| bhAvopAsaka vahI ho sakatA hai jisakA jIvana samyagdarzana ke Aloka se jagamagA rahA ho| yahAM para zramaNopAsaka kI ekAdaza [60 ]
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________________ pratimAnoM kA nirUpaNa hai| saptama adhyayana meM zramaNapratimAoM para cintana karate hue bhAvabhramaNapratimA ke samAdhipratimA, upadhAnapratimA, vivekapratimA, pratisaMlInapratimA aura vivekapratimA ye pA~ca prakAra batAye haiN| aSTama adhyayana meM paryuSaNAkalpa para cintana kara parivasanA, paryuSaNA, payu pazamanA, varSAvAsa, prathama-samavasaraNa, sthApanA aura jyeSTha graha ko paryAyavAcI batAyA hai| zramaNa varSAvAsa meM eka sthAna para sthita rahatA hai aura pATha mAha taka vaha paribhramaNa karatA hai| navama adhyayana meM mohanIyasthAna para vicAra kara usake pApa, barya, vaira, paMka, panaka, kSobha, asAta, saMga, zalya, atara, nirati, dhartya ye moha ke paryAyavAcI batAe gaye haiN| dazama adhyayana meM janmamaraNa ke mUla kAraNoM para cintana kara usase mukta hone kA upAya batAyA gayA hai| niyuktisAhitya ke pazcAt bhASyasAhitya kA nirmANa huA, kintu dazAzrutaskandha para koI bhI bhASya nahIM likhA gyaa| bhASyasAhitya ke pazcAt cUrNisAhitya kA nirmANa huaa| yaha gadyAtmaka vyAkhyAsAhitya hai / isameM zuddha prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita prAkRta meM vyAkhyA likhI gaI hai| cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNi mahattara kA nAma cuNisAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| dazAzrutaskandhacUrNi kA mUla AdhAra dazAzrutaskandha niyukti hai| isa cUNi meM prathama maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai| usake pazcAt dasa adhyayanoM ke adhikAroM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jo sarala aura sugama hai| mUlapATha meM aura cUrNisammata pATha meM kucha antara hai| yaha caNi mukhya rUpa se prAkRta bhASA meM hai| yatra-tatra saMskRta zabdoM va vAkyoM ke prayoga bhI dikhAI dete haiM / cUNi ke pazcAt saMskRta TIkAoM kA yuga aayaa| usa yuga meM aneka AgamoM para saMskRta bhASA meM TIkAeM likhI gaI / brahmamuni (brahmarSi) ne dazAzrutaskandha para eka TIkA likhI hai tathA prAcArya ghAsIlAlajI ma. ne dazAzrutaskandha para saMskRta meM vyAkhyA likhI aura AcArya samrATa AtmArAmajI ma. ne dazAzrataskandha para hindI meM TIkA likhii| aura AcArya amolakaRSijI ma. ne sarvaprathama hindI anuvAda likhaa| maNivijayajI gaNi granthamAlA bhAvanagara se dazAzrutaskandha mUla niyukti cUNi sahita vi. saM. 2011 meM prakAzita huaa| sukhadevasahAya jvAlAprasAda haidarAbAda se vIra saM. 2445 ko amolakaRSijI kRta hindI anuvAda dazAzrutaskandha kA prakAzita huprA / jaina zAstramAlA kAryAlaya saidamiTThA bAjAra lAhaura se prAcArya prAtmArAmajI ma. kRta san 1936 meM hindI TIkA prakAzita huii| saMskRta vyAkhyA va hindI anuvAda ke sAtha jaina zAstroddhAra samiti rAjakoTa se san 1960 meM ghAsIlAlajI ma. kA dazAzrutaskandha prakAzita huaa| Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se prAyAra-dazA ke nAma se mUlasparzI anuvAda sana 1981 meM prakAzita hamA / yatra-tatra usameM vizeSArtha bhI diyA gayA hai| prastuta sampAdana-prAgama sAhitya ke marmajJa mahAmanISI muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne kiyA hai| yaha sampAdana sundara hI nahIM, ati sundara hai| Agama ke rahasya kA tathA zramaNAcAra ke vividha ulajhe hue praznoM kA unhoMne prAcIna vyAkhyA sAhitya ke prAdhAra se taTastha cintanaparaka samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| svalpa zabdoM meM [ 61 ]
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________________ viSaya ko spaSTa karanA sampAdaka munijI kI vizeSatA hai| isa sampAdana meM unakA gambhIra pANDitya yatra-tatra mukharita huA hai| bRhatkalpa kA vyAkhyAsAhitya bRhatkalpaniyukti-dazAzrutaskandha kI taraha bRhatkalpaniyukti likhI gaI hai| usameM sarvaprathama tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kara jJAna ke vividha bhedoM para cintana kara isa bAta para prakAza DAlA hai ki jJAna aura maMgala meM kathaMcit abheda hai / anuyoga para nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, vacana aura bhAva ina sAta nikSepoM se cintana kiyA hai / jo pazcAdbhUta yoga hai vaha anuyoga hai athavA jo stoka rUpa yoga hai vaha anUyoga hai| kalpa ke upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya ye cAra anuyogadvAra haiM / kalpa aura vyavahAra kA adhyayana cintana karane vAlA medhAvI santa bahuzruta, cirapravajita, kalpika, acaMcala, avasthita, aparizrAvI, vijJa prAptAnujJAta aura bhAvapariNAmaka hotA hai| isameM tAla-pralamba kA vistAra se varNana hai, aura usake grahaNa karane para prAyazcitta kA bhI vidhAna hai| grAma, nagara, kher3a, karbaTaka, maDamba, pattana, Akara, droNamukha, nigama, rAjadhAnI, pAzrama, niveza, saMbAdha, ghoSa, aMzikA, Adi padoM para bhI nikSepadRSTi se cintana kiyA hai| jinakalpika aura sthavirakalpika para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| Arya pada para vicAra karate hue nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, jAti, kula, karma, bhASA, zilpa, jJAna, darzana, cAritra ina bAraha nikSepoM se cintana kiyA hai| pAryakSetra meM vicaraNa karane se jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI abhivaddhi hotI hai| anArya kSetroM meM vicaraNa karane se aneka doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| skandakAcArya ke dRSTAnta ko dekara isa tathya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI vRddhi hetu anArya kSetra meM vicaraNa karane kA Adeza diyA hai aura usake lie rAjA samprati kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA gayA hai / zramaNa aura zramaNiyoM ke prAcAra, vicAra, AhAra, vihAra kA saMkSepa meM bahuta hI sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra nikSepapaddhati se vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| yaha niyukti svatantra na rahakara bRhatkalpabhASya meM mizrita ho gaI hai| bRhatkalpa-ladhubhASya-bRhatkalpa ladhubhASya saMghadAsagaNI kI eka bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM bRhatkalpasUtra ke padoM kA vistAra ke sAtha vivecana kiyA gayA hai| laghabhASya hone para bhI isakI gAthA saMkhyA 6490 hai| yaha chaha uddezyoM meM vibhakta hai| bhASya ke prArambha meM eka savistRta pIThikA dI gaI hai| jisakI gAthA saMkhyA 805 hai| isa bhASya meM bhArata kI mahattvapUrNa sAMskRtika sAmagrI kA saMkalana-Akalana huA hai| isa sAMskRtika sAmagrI ke kucha aMza ko lekara DaoN. motIcanda ne apanI pustaka "sArthavAha" meM "yAtrI aura sArthavAha" kA sundara prAkalana kiyA hai| prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtika aura sabhyatA kA adhyayana karane ke lie isakI sAmagrI vizeSa upayogI hai| jaina zramaNoM ke AcAra kA hRdayagrAhI, sUkSma, tArkika vivecana isa bhASya kI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA hai| pIThikA meM maMgalavAda, jJAnapaMcaka meM zrutajJAna ke prasaMga para vicAra karate hue samyaktvaprApti kA krama aura praupazamika, sAsvAdana, kSAyopazamika, vedaka aura kSAyika samyaktva ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / anuyoga kA svarUpa batAkara nikSepa Adi bAraha prakAra ke dvAroM se usa para cintana kiyA hai| kalpavyavahAra para vividha daSTiyoM se cintana karate hue yatra-tatra viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie dRSTAntoM kA bhI upayoga huA hai| pahale uddezaka kI vyAkhyA meM tAla-vRkSa se sambandhita vividha prakAra ke doSa aura prAyazcitta, tAla-pralamba ke grahaNa sambandhI apavAda, zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko dezAntara jAne ke kAraNa aura usakI vidhi, zramaNoM kI asvasthatA ke vidhi-vidhAna, vaiSoM ke pATha prakAra batAye haiN| duSkAla prabhRti vizeSa paristhiti meM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke eka dUsare [ 62 ]
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________________ ke avagahIta kSetra meM rahane kI vidhi, usake 144 bhaMga aura tatsambandhI prAyazcitta Adi kA varNana hai| grAma, nagara, kheDa, karbaTaka, maDamba, pattana, prAkara, droNamukha, nigama, rAjadhAnI, Azrama, niveza, saMbAdha, aMzikA, puTabhedana, zaMkara prabhRti padoM para viyecana kiyA hai| nakSatramAsa, candramAsa, RtumAsa, AdityamAsa aura abhivadhitamAsa kA varNana hai| jinakalpika aura sthavirakalpika kI kriyAeM, samavasaraNa, tIrthakara, gaNadhara, AhArakazarIrI, anuttaradeva, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva Adi kI zubha aura azubha karmaprakRtiyAM, tIrthakara kI bhASA kA vibhinna bhASAoM meM pariNamana, AphNagRha, rathyAmukha, zRGgATaka, catuSka, catvara, antarAphNa Adi padoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura una sthAnoM para bane hue upAzrayoM meM rahane vAlI zramaNiyoM ko jina doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA hai unakI carcA kI gaI hai| bhASyakAra ne dravya grAma ke bAraha prakAra batAye hai (1) uttAnakamallaka, (2) avAGa mukhamallaka, (3) sampuTamallaka, (4) uttAnakakhaNDamallaka, (5) avAGa mukhakhaNDamallaka, (6) sampuTakhaNDamallaka, (7) bhiti, (8) paDAli, (9) valAbhi, (10) akSATaka, (11) rucaka, (12) kaashypk| tIrthakara, gaNadhara aura kevalI ke samaya hI jinakalpika muni hote haiN| jinakalpika muni kI samAcArI kA varNana sattAIsa dvAroM se kiyA hai- (1) zruta, (2) saMhanana, (3) upasarga, (4) AtaMka, (5) vedanA, (6) katijana, (7) sthaMDila, (8) vasati, (9) kiyAccira, (10) uccAra, (11) prasravaNa, (12) avakAza, (13) tRNaphalaka, (14) saMrakSaNatA, (15) saMsthApanatA, (16) prAbhRtikA, (17) prAgni, (18) dIpa, (19) avadhAna, (20) vatsyakSa, (21) bhikSAcaryA, (22) pAnaka, (23) lepAlepa, (24) lepa, (25) prAcAmla (26) pratimA, (27) mAsakalpa / jinakalpika kI sthiti para cintana karate hae kSetra, kAla, cAritra, tIrtha, paryAya, Agama, veda, kalpa, liMga, lezyA, dhyAna, gaNanA, abhigraha, pravrAjanA, muNDApanA, prAyazcitta, kAraNa, niSpratikarma aura bhakta ina dvAroM se prakAza DAlA hai| isake pazcAt parihAravizuddhika aura yathAlandika kalpa kA svarUpa batAyA hai| sthavirakalpika kI pravrajyA, zikSA, arthagrahaNa, aniyatavAsa aura niSpatti ye sabhI jinakalpika ke samAna haiN| zramaNoM ke vihAra para prakAza DAlate hae vihAra kA samaya, vihAra karane se pahale gaccha ke nivAsa evaM nirvAha yogya yA ayogya kSetra, pratyupekSakoM kA nirvAcana, kSetra kI pratilekhanA ke lie kisa prakAra gamanAgamana karanA cAhie, vihAra mArga evaM sthaMDila bhUmi, jala, vizrAmasthAna, bhikSA, vasati, upadrava Adi kI parIkSA, pratilekhanIya kSetra meM praveza karane kI vidhi, bhikSA se vahA~ ke mAnavoM ke antarmAnasa kI parIkSA, bhikSA, auSadha Adi kI prApti meM saralatA va kaThinatA kA parijJAna, vihAra karane se pUrva vasati ke adhipati kI anumati, vihAra karane se pUrva zubha zakUna dekhanA Adi kA varNana hai| sthavirakalpikoM kI samAcArI meM ina bAtoM para prakAza DAlA hai1. pratilekhanA-vastra Adi kI pratilekhanA kA samaya, pratilekhanA ke doSa aura unakA prAyazcita / 2. niSkramaNa- upAzraya se bAhara nikalane kA samaya / 3. prAbhRtikA- gRhastha ke lie jo makAna taiyAra kiyA hai, usameM rahanA cAhie yA nahIM rahanA caahie| tatsambandhI vidhi va prAyazcitta / [63 ]
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________________ 4. bhikSA-bhikSA ke lene kA samaya aura bhikSA sambandhI prAvazyaka vastueM / 5. kalpakaraNa-pAtra ko svaccha karane kI vidhi, lepakRta aura alepakRta pAtra, pAtra-lepa se lAbha / 6. gacchazatikAdi-AdhArmika, svagRhayatimizra, svagRhapASaNDamizra, yAvadAthikamizra, krItakRta, pUtikArmika aura prAtmArthakRta tathA unake avAntara bheda / 7. anuyAna rathayAtrA kA varNana aura usa sambandhI doSa / 8. pura:karma-bhikSA lene se pUrva sacitta jala se hAtha Adi sApha karane se lagane vAle doSa / 9. glAna-glAna-rugNa zramaNa kI sevA se hone vAlI nirjarA, usake lie pathya kI gaveSaNA, cikitsA ke lie baidya ke pAsa le jAne kI vidhi, vaidya se vArtAlApa karane kA tarIkA, rugNa zramaNa ko upAzraya, galI Adi meM chor3akara cale jAne vAle prAcArya ko lagane vAle doSa aura unake prAyazcitta kA vidhAna / 10. gacchapratibaddha yathAlaMdika-vAcanA Adi kAraNoM se gaccha se sambandha rakhane vAle yathAladika kalpadhAriyoM ke sAtha vandana Adi vyavahAra tathA mAsakalpa kI maryAdA / 11. uparidoSa-varSARtu ke atirikta samaya meM eka kSetra meM eka mAsa se adhika rahane se lagane vAle doSa / 12. apavAda-eka kSetra meM eka mAsa se adhika rahane ke prApavAdika kAraNa, zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kI bhikSAcaryA kI vidhi para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA hai ki yadi grAma, nagara Adi durga ke andara aura bAhara do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho to andara aura bAhara zramaNiyoM ke prAcArasambandhI vidhi-vidhAnoM para prakAza DAlate hae batAyA hai ki nirgranthI ke mAsakalpa kI maryAdA, vihAra-vidhi, samudAya kA pramukha aura usake guNa, usake dvArA kSetra kI pratilekhanA, bauddha zrAvakoM dvArA bhar3auca meM zramaNiyoM kA apaharaNa, zramaNiyoM ke yogya kSetra, vasati, vidharmI se upadrava kI rakSA, bhikSAhetu jAne vAlI zramaNiyoM kI saMkhyA, varSAvAsa ke atirikta zramaNI ko eka sthAna para adhika se adhika kitanA rahanA, usakA vidhAna haiN| sthavirakalpa aura jinakalpa ina donoM avasthAoM meM kaunasI avasthA pramukha hai, isa para cintana karate hue bhASyakAra ne niSpAdaka aura niSpanna ina donoM dRSTiyoM se donoM kI pramukhatA svIkAra kI hai| sUtra artha Adi dRSTiyoM se sthavirakalpa jinakalpa kA niSpAdaka hai| jinakalpa jJAna-darzana-cAritra prabhRti dRSTiyoM se niSpanna hai| viSaya ko spaSTa karane kI dRSTi se guhAsiMha, do mahilAeM aura do vargoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye haiN| ___eka prAcaura aura eka dvAra vAle grAma-nagara Adi meM nirgandha-nirgranthiyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie, isa sambandha meM vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko kisa sthAna meM rahanA cAhie, isa para vividha dRSTiyoM se cintana kiyA gayA hai| vyavazamana prakRta sUtra meM isa bAta para cintana kiyA hai ki zramaNoM meM paraspara vaimanasya ho jAye to upazamana dhAraNa karake kleza ko zAnta karanA caahie| jo upazamana dhAraNa karatA hai vaha pArAdhaka hai, jo nahIM karatA hai vaha virAdhaka hai| prAcArya ko zramaNa-zramaNiyoM meM kleza hone para usakI upazAnti hetu upekSA karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| paraspara ke jhagar3e ko zAnta karane kI vidhi pratipAdita kI gaI hai|
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________________ cAra prakRta sUtra meM batAyA hai ki zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko varSARtu meM eka gAMva se dUsare gAMva nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi mamana karatA hai to use prAyazcitta pAtA hai| yadi ApavAdika kAraNoM se vihAra karane kA prasaMga upasthita ho to use yatanA se gamana karanA caahie| avagrahasUtra meM batAyA hai ki bhikSA yA zaucAdi bhUmi ke lie jAte hue zramaNa ko gRhapati vastra, pAtra, kambala Adi grahaNa karane kI prArthanA kare to use lekara prAcArya Adi ko pradAna kare aura unakI AjJA prApta hone para usakA upayoga kre| rAtribhakta prakRta sUtra meM batAyA hai ki rAtri yA vikAla meM prazana pAna Adi grahaNa karanA nahIM cAhie aura na vastra Adi ko grahaNa karanA caahie| rAtri aura vikAla meM adhvagamana kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai / adhva ke do bheda haiM--pantha aura mArga / jisake bIca meM grAma, nagara Adi kucha bhI na pAe vaha pantha hai aura jisake bIca grAma nagara Aye vaha mArga hai| sArtha ke bhaMDI, bahilaka, bhAravaha, praudarika, kArpaTika ye pAMca prakAra haiN| ATha prakAra ke sArthavAha aura pATha prakAra ke sArtha-vyavasthApakoM kA ullekha hai| vihAra ke lie AryakSetra hI vizeSa rUpa se upayukta hai| Arya pada para nAma Adi bAraha nikSepoM se vicAra kiyA hai / Arya jAtiyAM ambaSTha, kalinda, vaideha, vidaka, harita, tantuNa ye chaha haiM aura Arya kula bhI ugra, bhoga, rAjanya, kSatriya, jJAta-kaurava aura ikSvAku yaha chaha prakAra ke haiN| Age upAzraya sambandhI vivecana meM upAzraya ke vyAghAtoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| jisameM zAli brIhi Adi sacitta dhAnya kaNa bikhare hue hoM usa bIjAkIrNa sthAna para zramaNa ko nahIM rahanA cAhie aura na surAvikaTa kumbha, zItodakavikaTakumbha, jyoti, dIpaka, piNDa, dugdha, dahI, navanIta Adi padArthoM se yukta sthAna para hI rahanA caahie| sAgArika ke pAhAradi ke tyAga kI vidhi, anya sthAna se AI huI bhojanasAmagrI ke dAna kI vidhi, sAmArika kA piNDagrahaNa, viziSTa vyaktiyoM ke nimitta banAye hue bhakta, upakaraNa Adi kA grahaNa, rajoharaNa grahaNa karane kI vidhi batAI hai| pAMca prakAra ke vastra-(1) jAMgika, (2) bhAMgika, (3) sAnaka, (4) potaka, (5) tirITapaTTaka, pAMca prakAra ke rajoharaNa-(1) auNika, (2) prauSTrika, (3) sAnaka, (4) vakcakacippaka, (5) mujacippaka-inake svarUpa aura grahaNa karane kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| tRtIya uddezaka meM nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke paraspara upAzraya meM praveza karane kI vidhi batAI hai| kRtsna aura akRtsna, bhinna aura abhinna vastrAdi grahaNa, navadIkSita zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kI upadhi para cintana kiyA hai| upadhigrahaNa kI vidhi, vandana Adi kA vidhAna kiyA hai| vastra phAr3ane meM hone vAlI hiMsA-ahiMsA para cintana karate hue dravyAhiMsA aura bhAvahiMsA para vicAra kiyA hai| hiMsA meM jitanI adhika rAga Adi kI tIvratA hogI utanA hI tIvra karmabandhana hogaa| hiMsaka meM jJAna aura ajJAna ke kAraNa karmabaMdha, adhikaraNa kI vividhatA se karmabaMdha meM vaividhya Adi para cintana kiyA gayA hai| caturtha uddezaka meM hastakarma Adi ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| mathunabhAva rAgAdi se kabhI bhI rahita nahIM ho sktaa| ata: usakA apavAda nahIM hai / paNDaka Adi ko pravrajyA dene kA niSedha kiyA hai| paMcama uddezaka meM gaccha sambandhI, zAstra smaraNa aura taviSayaka vyAghAta, klezayukta mana se gaccha meM rahane se athavA svagaccha kA parityAga kara anya gaccha meM cale jAne se lagane vAle doSa aura unakA prAyazcitta, niHzaMka aura sazaMka rAtribhojana, udgAra-vamana grAdi viSayaka doSa aura usakA prAyazcitta, pAhAra Adi ke lie prayatna Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| zramaNiyoM ke lie vizeSa rUpa se vidhi-vidhAna batAye gaye haiN| SaSTha uddezaka meM nirdoSa vacanoM kA prayoga aura mithyA vacanoM kA aprayoga, prANAtipAta Adi ke prAyazcitta, kaNTaka ke uddharaNa, viparyAsajanya doSa, prAyazcitta apavAda kA varNana hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko viSama [65 ]
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________________ mArga se nahIM jAnA caahie| jo nirgranthI vikSiptacitta ho gaI hai usake kAraNoM ko samajhakara usake dekha-rekha kI vyavasthA aura cikitsA grAdi ke vidhi-niSedhoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / zramaNoM ke lie chaha prakAra ke parimanyu vyAdhAta mAne gaye haiM--(1) kautkucita (2) maukharika (3) cakSulola (4) titiNika (5) icchAloma (6) bhijjAnidAnakaraNa-inakA svarUpa, doSa aura apavAda Adi para cintana kiyA hai| ___ kalpasthiti prakRta meM chaha prakAra kI kalpasthitiyoM para vicAra kiyA hai-(1) sAmAyikakalpasthiti, (2) chedopasthAnIyakalpasthiti, (3) nivizamAnakalpasthiti, (4) niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti, (5) jinakalpasthiti, (6) sthavirakalpasthiti | chedopasthApanIyakalpasthiti ke Acelakya, prauddezika prAdi dasa kalpa haiN| usake adhikArI aura anadhikArI para bhI cintana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta bhASya meM yatra-tatra subhASita bikhare par3e haiM, yathA--he mAnavo ! sadA-sarvadA jAgrata raho, jAgrata mAnava kI buddhi kA vikAsa hotA hai, jo jAgatA hai vaha sadA dhanya hai| "jAgaraha narA NicaM, jAgaramANassa bar3hate buddhi / so suvati // so dhaNaM, jo jaggati so sayA dhaNNo // zIla aura lajjA hI nArI kA bhUSaNa hai| hAra Adi prAbhUSaNoM se nArI kA zarIra vibhUSita nahIM ho sktaa| usakA bhUSaNa to zIla aura lajjA hI hai| sabhA meM saMskAra rahita asAdhUvAdinI vANI prazasta nahIM kahI jA sktii| isa prakAra prastuta bhASya meM zramaNoM ke prAcAra-vicAra kA tArkika dRSTi se bahuta hI sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| usa yuga kI sAmAjika sAMskRtika dhArmika rAjanItika sthitiyoM para bhI khAsA acchA prakAza par3atA hai| aneka sthaloM para manovaijJAnika dRSTi se sundara vizleSaNa huA hai| jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM hI nahIM, apitu bhAratIya sAhitya meM isa' grantharatna kA apUrva aura anUThA sthAna hai| bRhatkalpacUNi isa cUNi kA prAdhAra mUlasUtra va laghubhASya hai / dazAzrutaskandhacUNi kA aura bRhatkalpacUrNi kA prArambhika aMza prAyaH milatA-julatA hai| bhASAvijJoM kA mantavya hai ki bRhatkalpacaNi se dazAzru taskandhaNi prAcIna hai| yaha sambhava hai ki ye donoM hI caNiyAM eka hI AcArya kI hoN| prastutaH cUNi meM pIThikA aura chaha uddezaka hai / prArambha meM jJAna ke svarUpa para cintana kiyA gayA hai / abhidhAna aura abhidheya ko kathaMcita bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna batAte hue vakSa zabda ke chaha bhASAoM meM paryAya diye haiN| jise saMskRta meM vRkSa kahate haiM vahI prAkRta meM rukkSa, magadha meM prodaNa, lATa meM kara, damila-tamila meM cora aura Andhra meM iDAku kahA jAtA hai| caNi meM tattvArthAdhigama, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, karmaprakRti, mahAkalpa, govindaniyaMkti Adi granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhASA saMskRtamizrita prAkRta hai| caNi meM prArambha se anta taka lekhaka ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM huA hai|
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________________ vRhatkalpapIThikAvRtti prastuta vRtti bhadrabAhu svAmI viracita bRhatkalpaniyukti evaM saMghadAsagaNI biracita laghubhASya para hai| AcArya malayagiri pIThikA kI bhASya gAthA 606 paryanta hI apanI vRtti likha ske| Age unhoMne vRtti nahIM likhI hai| Age kI vRtti prAcArya kSemakIrti ne pUrNa kI hai| jaisA ki svayaM kSemakIrti ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai|' vRtti ke prArambha meM vRttikAra ne jinezvara deva ko praNAma kara sadgurudeva kA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA bhASyakAra aura cUrNikAra ke prati bhI kRtajJatA vyakta kI hai| vRttikAra ne bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahArasUtra ke nirmAtAoM ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAha svAmI ne zramaNoM ke anugrahArtha kalpa aura vyavahAra kI racanA kI jisase ki prAyazcitta kA vyavaccheda na ho / unhoMne sUtra ke gambhIra rahasyoM ko spaSTa karane ke liye niyukti kI hI racanA kI hai aura jinameM pratibhA kI tejasvitA kA abhAva hai una alpabuddhi vAle vyaktiyoM ke lie bhASyakAra ne bhASya kA nirmANa kiyA hai| vaha niyukti aura bhASya sUtra ke artha ko prakaTa karane vAle hone se donoM eka grantha rUpa ho gye| vatti meM prAkRta gAthAoM kA uddharaNa ke rUpa meM prayoga haA hai aura viSaya ko subodha banAne kI dRSTi se prAkRta kathAe~ uddhRta kI gaI haiN| prastuta malayamiri vRtti kA granthamAna 4600 zloka pramANa hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki prAcArya malayagiri zAstroM ke gambhIra jJAtA the| vibhinna darzanazAstroM kA jaisA aura jitanA gambhIra vivecana evaM vizleSaNa unakI TIkAoM meM upalabdha hai, vaisA anyatra kahIM para bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / ve apane yuga ke mahAn tattvacintaka, prasiddha TIkAkAra aura mahAn vyAkhyAtA the| AgamoM ke gurugambhIra rahasyoM ko tarkapUrNa zailI meM prastuta karane kI unakI kSamatA adbhuta thI, anUThI thii| saubhAgyasAgara ne bRhatkalpa para saMskRta bhASA meM eka TIkA likhii| bRhatkalpaniyukti, laghubhASya tathA malayagiri, kSemakIrti kRta TIkA sahita san 1933 se 1941 taka zrI jaina prAtmAnanda sabhA bhAvanagara saurASTra se prakAzita huii| prastuta grantha kA sampAdana caturavijayajI aura puNyavijayajI ne kiyaa| sampAdana kalA kI dRSTi se yaha sampAdana utkRSTa kahA jA sakatA hai| vRhatkalpa eka ajJAta TIkAkAra kI TIkA sahita samyakajJAna pracAraka maNDala jodhapura se prakAzita haa| sana 1923 meM jarmana TippaNI Adi ke sAtha W. Schubring Lepizig 1905 : mUla mAtra nAgarIlipi meM-pUnA, 1923 / san 1915 meM DaoN. jIvarAja ghelAbhAI dozI ne gujarAtI anuvAda sahita ahamadAbAda se prakAzita kiyA, aura AcArya amolakaRSijI ma. ne hindI anuvAda sahita sukhadevasahAya jvAlAprasAda jauharI haidarAbAda se prakAzita kiyaa| I. san 1977 meM Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se "kappasuttaM" ke nAma se mUlAnusparzI anuvAda aura vizeSa artha ke sAtha prakAzita huaa| prastuta sampAdana prastuta prAgama ke sampAdaka Agama anuyoga pravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' haiN| jinakA zabdAnulakI anuvAda aura sampAdana mana ko lubhAne vAlA hai| prAcIna vyAkhyA sAhitya ke AdhAra para aneka nigUr3ha rahasyoM ko sampAdaka munivara ne spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| vyavahArasUtra vyAkhyAsAhitya vyavahAra zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kA eka jIvanta bhASya hai| vyavahAraniyukti meM utsarga aura apavAda 1. zrI malayagirI prabhavo, yAM kattu mupAkramanta matimantaH / sA kalpazAstra TIkA mayA'nusandhoyate'lpadhiyA / -bRhatkalpapIThikAvRtti, pR. 177 [67 ]
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________________ kA vivecana hai| isa niyukti para bhASya bhI hai| jo adhika vistRta hai| bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra kI niyukti paraspara zailI bhAva-bhASA kI dRSTi se bahuta kucha milatI-julatI hai| donoM meM sAdhanA ke tathya va siddhAnta prAyaH samAna haiM / yaha niyukti bhASya meM vilIna ho gaI hai| vyavahArabhASya hama pUrva meM hI batA cuke haiM ki vyavahArabhASya ke racayitA kA nAma abhI taka jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| bRhatkalpabhASya ke samAna hI isa bhASya meM bhI nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke AcAra-vicAra para prakAza DAlA hai| sarvaprathama pIThikA meM vyavahAra, vyavahArI evaM vyavahartavya ke svarUpa kI carcA kI gaI hai| vyavahAra meM doSa lagane kI dRSTi se prAyazcitta kA artha, bheda, nimitta, adhyayana vizeSa, tadaha parSada Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke liye aneka dRSTAnta bhI diye gaye haiN| isake pazcAt bhikSu, mAsaparihAra, sthAnapratisevanA, AlocanA Adi padoM para nikSepa dRSTi se cintana kiyA hai| AdhAkarma se sambandhita atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra, anAcAra ke lie pRthaka-pRthaka prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa ina donoM kI vizuddhi prAyazcitta se hotI hai| atikrama ke lie mAsaguru aura kAlalaghu, aticAra ke lie tapoguru aura kAlaguru aura anAcAra ke liye caturguru prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| piNDavizuddhi samiti bhAvanA tapa pratimA aura abhigraha ye sabhI uttaraguNa meM haiN| inake kramaza: bayAlIsa, bhATha, paccIsa, bAraha, bAraha aura cAra bheda hote haiN| prAyazcitta karane vAle puruSa ke nirgata aura vartamAna ye do prakAra haiN| jo taporha prAyazcitta se atikrAnta ho gaye haiM ve nirgata haiM aura jo vidyamAna haiM ve vartamAna haiN| unake bhI bheda-prabheda kiye gaye haiN| prAyazcitta ke yogya puruSa cAra prakAra ke hote haiM1. ubhayatara--jo saMyama tapa kI sAdhanA karatA huA bhI dUsaroM kI sevA kara sakatA hai / 2. Atmatara-jo kevala tapa hI kara sakatA hai| 3. paratara-jo kevala sevA hI kara sakatA hai| 4. anyatara-jo tapa aura sevA donoM meM se kisI eka samaya meM eka kA hI sevana kara sakatA hai| mAlocanA pAlocanAha aura Alocaka ke binA nahIM hotii| aAlocanAha svayaM AcAravAna, prAdhAravAna, vyavahAravAna, apavrIDaka, prakurvI, niryApaka, apAyadarzI aura aparizrAbI, ina guNoM se yukta hotA hai / Alocaka bhI jAtisampanna, kulasampanna, vinayasampanna, jJAnasampanna, darzanasampanna, caraNasampanna, kSAnta, dAnta, amAyI aura apazcAttApI ina dasa guNoM se yukta hotA hai| sAtha hI AlocanA ke doSa, tadaviSayabhUta dravya Adi, prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi Adi para bhI bhASyakAra ne cintana kiyA hai| parihAratapa ke varNana meM sevA kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai aura subhadrA aura mugAvatI ke udAharaNa bhI diye gaye haiN| AropaNA ke prasthApanikA, sthApitA, kRtsnA, akRtsnA aura hADahaDA ye pAMca prakAra batAye haiM tathA ina para vistAra se carcA kI hai| zithilatA ke kAraNa gaccha kA parityAga kara punaH gaccha meM sammilita hone ke lie vividha prakAra ke prAyazcittoM kA varNana hai| pArzvastha, yathAcchanda, kuzIla, pravasanna aura saMsakta ke svarUpa para prakAza DAlA hai| [ 68]
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________________ zramaNoM ke vihAra kI carcA karate hue ekAkI vihAra kA niSedha kiyA hai aura unako lagane vAle doSoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| vividha prakAra ke tapasvI va vyAdhiyoM se saMsakta zramaNa kI sevA kA vidhAna karate hae kSiptacitta aura dIptacitta kI sevA karane ko manovaijJAnika paddhati para prakAza DAlA hai| kSiptacitta ke rAga, bhaya aura apamAna tIna kAraNa hai| dIptacitta kA kAraNa sammAna hai| sammAna hone para usameM mada paidA hotA hai| zatruoM ko parAjita karane ke kAraNa baha mada se unmatta hokara dIptacitta ho jAtA hai| kSiptacitta aura dIptacitta meM mukhya antara yaha hai ki kSiptacitta prAyaH mauna rahatA hai aura dIptacitta binA prayojana ke bhI bolatA rahatA hai| bhASyakAra ne gaNAvacchedaka, prAcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira, pravatinI grAdi padaviyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle kI yogyatAnoM para vicAra kiyA hai| jo gyAraha aMgoM ke jJAtA haiM, navama pUrva ke jJAtA haiM, kRtayogI haiM, bahuzruta hai, bahuta AgamoM ke parijJAtA haiM, sUtrArtha vizArada haiM, dhIra haiM, zrutanigharSa haiM, mahAjana haiM ve viziSTa vyakti hI prAcArya Adi viziSTa padaviyoM ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| zramaNoM ke vihAra sambandhI niyamopaniyamoM para vicAra karate hae kahA hai ki AcArya, upAdhyAya grAdi padavIdAroM ko kama se kama kitane santoM ke sAtha rahanA cAhie, Adi vividha vidhi-vidhAnoM kA nirUpaNa hai| prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke pAMca pratizaya hote haiM, jinakA zramaNoM ko vizeSa lakSya rakhanA cAhie 1. unake bAhara jAne para pairoM ko sApha krnaa| 2. unake uccAra-prasravaNa ko nirdoSa sthAna para paraThanA / 3. unakI icchAnusAra vaiyAvRtya karanA / 4. unake sAtha upAzraya ke bhItara rhnaa| 5. unake sAtha upAzraya ke bAhara jaanaa| zramaNa kisI mahilA ko dIkSA de sakatA hai aura dIkSA ke bAda use sAdhvI ko sauMpa denA caahie| sAdhvI kisI bhI puruSa ko dIkSA nahIM de sakatI / use yogya zramaNa ke pAsa dIkSA ke lie preSita karanA caahie| zramaNI eka saMgha meM dIkSA grahaNa kara dUsare saMgha meM ziSyA bananA cAhe to use dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| use jahA~ para rahanA ho vahIM para dIkSA grahaNa karanI cAhie, kintu zramaNa ke lie aisA niyama nahIM hai / tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA upAdhyAya aura 5 varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA prAcArya bana sakatA hai| varSAvAsa ke lie aisA sthAna zreSTha batAyA hai, jahA~ para adhika kIcar3a na ho, dvIndriyAdi jIvoM kI bahulatA na ho, prAsuka bhUmi ho, rahane yogya do tIna bastiyAM hoM, gorasa kI pracuratA ho, bahuta koI vaidya ho, auSadhiyAM saralatA se prApta hotI hoM, dhAnya kI pracuratA ho, rAjA samyak prakAra se prajA kA pAlana karatA ho, pAkhaNDI sAdhu kama rahate hoM, bhikSA sugama ho aura svAdhyAya meM kisI bhI prakAra kA vighna na ho| jahA~ para kutte adhika hoM vahA~ para zramaNa ko vihAra nahIM karanA caahie| bhASya meM dIkSA grahaNa karane vAle ke guNa-doSa para cintana karate hue likhA hai ki kucha vyakti apane dezasvabhAva se hI doSayukta hote haiN| AMdhra meM utpanna vyakti krUra hotA hai| mahArASTra meM utpanna huA vyakti vAcAla hotA hai aura kozala meM utpanna hayA vyakti svabhAva se hI duSTa hotA hai| isa prakAra kA na honA bahata hI kama vyaktiyoM meM sambhava hai|
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________________ Age bhASya meM zayanAdi ke nimitta sAmagrI ekatrita karane aura punaH lauTAne kI vidhi batalAI hai| AhAra kI maryAdA para prakAza DAlate hue kahA hai--ATha kaura khAne vAlA zramaNa alpAhArI, bAraha, solaha, caubIsa, ikatIsa aura battIsa grAsa grahaNa karane vAlA zramaNa kramaza: apArdhAhArI, ardhAhArI, prAptAvamaudarya aura pramANAhArI hai / navama uddezaka meM zayyAtara ke jJAtika, svajana, mitra prabhati pAgantuka vyaktiyoM se sambandhita AhAra ko lene aura na lene ke sambandha meM vicAra kara zramaNoM kI vividha pratimAnoM para prakAza DAlA hai| - dazama uddezaka meM yavamadhyapratimA aura vanamadhyapratimA para vizeSa rUpa se cintana kiyA hai| sAtha hI pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra, bAladIkSA kI vidhi, dasa prakAra kI vaiyAvRtya Adi viSayoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| prAyaM rakSita, Arya kAlaka, rAjA sAtavAhana, pradyota, muruNDa, cANakya, cilAtaputra, avanti, sukumAla, rohiNeya, prArya samudra, Arya maMgu Adi kI kathAeM AI haiN| prastuta bhASya aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai| vyavahAra para eka cUNi bhI likhI gaI thii| cUNi ke pazcAt vyavahAra para prAcArya malayagiri ne vRtti likhii| vatti meM AcArya malayagiri kA gambhIra pANDitya spaSTa rUpa se jhalakatA hai| viSaya kI gahanatA, bhASA kI prAMjalatA, zailI kA lAlitya aura vizleSaNa kI spaSTatA prekSaNIya hai| grantha ke prArambha meM prAkkathana ke rUpa meM pIThikA hai| jisameM kalpa; vyavahAra, doSa, prAyazcitta prabhRti viSayoM para cintana kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne prArambha meM arhat ariSTanemi ko, apane sadguruvarya tathA vyavahArasUtra ke caNikAra Adi ko bhaktibhAvanA se vibhora hokara namana kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ina donoM prAgamoM ke antara ko spaSTa karate hue likhA ki kalpAdhyayana meM prAyazcitta kA nirUpaNa hai kintu usameM prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi nahIM hai, jabaki vyavahAra meM prAyazcitta dene kI aura pAlocanA karane kI ye donoM prakAra kI vidhiyAM haiN| yaha bahatkalpa se vyavahAra kI vizeSatA hai| vyavahAra, vyavahArI aura vyavahartavya tInoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai-vyavahArI kartArUpa hai, vyavahAra kAraNarUpa hai aura vyavahartavya kAryarUpa hai| kAraNarUpI vyavahAra prAgama, zruta, AjJA, dhAraNA aura jIta rUpa se pAMca prakAra kA hai / cUrNikAra ne pAMcoM prakAra ke vyavahAra ko karaNa kahA hai| bhASyakAra ne sUtra, artha, jItakalpa, mArga, nyAya, epsitavya, prAcarita aura vyavahAra inako ekArthaka mAnA hai| jo svayaM vyavahAra ke marma ko jAnatA ho, anya vyaktiyoM ko vyavahAra ke svarUpa ko samajhAne kI kSamatA rakhatA ho vaha gItArtha hai| jo gItArtha hai usake lie vyavahAra kA upayoga hai / prAyazcitta pradAtA aura prAyazcitta saMgrahaNa karane vAlA donoM gItArtha hone caahie| prAyazcitta ke pratisevanA, maMyojanA, grAropaNA aura parikUcanA, ye cAra artha haiN| pratisevanA rUpa prAyazcitta ke dasa bheda haiN| (1) AlocanA, (2) pratikramaNA, (3) tadubhaya, (4) viveka (5) utsarga, (6) tapa, (7) cheda, (8) mUla, (9) anavasthApya aura (10) pArAMcika / ina dasoM prAyazcittoM ke sambandha meM vizeSa rUpa se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yadi hama ina prAyazcitta ke prakAroM kI tulanA vinayapiTaka' meM AyI huI prAyazcittavidhi ke sAtha kareM to Azcaryajanaka samAnatA milegii| prAyazcitta pradAna karane vAlA adhikArI yA prAcArya bahuzruta ba gambhIra ho, yaha Avazyaka hai| pratyeka ke sAmane 1. vinayapiTaka nidAna [ 70 ]
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________________ pAlocanA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| pAlocanA aura prAyazcita donoM hI yogya vyakti ke samakSa hone cAhie, jisase ki vaha gopanIya raha sake / bauddhaparamparA meM sAdhusamudAya ke sAmane prAyazcitta grahaNa kA vidhAna hai| vinayapiTaka meM likhA haipratyeka mahIne kI kRSNa caturdazI aura pUrNamAsI ko sabhI bhikSu uposathAgAra meM ekatrita ho tathAgata buddha ne apanA uttarAdhikArI saMgha ko batAyA hai| ata: kisI prAjJa bhikSu ko sabhA ke pramukha pada para niyukta kara pAtimokkha kA vAcana kiyA jAtA hai aura pratyeka prakaraNa ke upasaMhAra meM yaha jijJAsA vyakta kI jAtI hai ki upasthita sabhI bhikSu ukta bAtoM meM zuddha haiM ? yadi koI bhikSu tatsambandhI apane doSa kI mAlocanA karanA cAhatA hai to saMgha usa para cintana karatA hai aura usakI zuddhi karavatA hai| dvitIya aura tRtIya bAra bhI usI prazna ko duharAyA jAtA hai| sabhI kI svIkRti hone para eka-eka prakaraNa Age par3he jAte haiN| isI taraha bhikSuNiyAM bhikkhunI pAtimokkha kA vAcana karatI haiN| yaha satya hai ki donoM hI paramparAnoM kI prAyazcitta vidhiyAM pRthak-pRthak haiN| para donoM meM manovaijJAnikatA hai| donoM hI paramparAoM meM prAyazcitta karane vAle sAdhaka ke hRdaya kI pavitratA, vicAroM kI saralatA apekSita mAnI hai| prathama uddezaka meM pratisevanA ke mUlapratisevanA aura uttarapratisevanA ye do prakAra batAye haiM / mUlaguNaaticArapratisevanA prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, parigraha rUpa pAMca prakAra kI hai| uttaraguNAticAra pratisevanA dasa prakAra kI hai| uttaragUNa anAgata, atikrAnta, koTisahita, niyantritaH sAkAra, anAkAra, parimANakRta, niravazeSa, sAMketika aura adrA pratyAkhyAna ke rUpa meM hai| Upara zabdoM meM uttaraguNoM ke piNDavizuddhi, pAMca samiti, bAhya tapa, pAbhyAntara tapa, bhikSapratimA aura abhigraha isa taraha dasa prakAra haiN| mUlaguNAticArapratisevanA aura uttaraguNAticArapratisevanA inake bhI darya aura kalpya ye do prakAra haiN| binA kAraNa pratisevanA dapikA hai aura kAraNa yukta pratisevanA kalpikA hai| vRttikAra ne viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie sthAna-sthAna para vivecana prastuta kiyA hai / prastuta vRtti kA granthamAna 34625 zloka pramANa hai| vRtti ke pazcAt janabhASA meM sarala aura subodha zailI meM prAgamoM ke zabdArtha karane vAlI saMkSipta TIkAeM likhI gaI haiM, jinakI bhASA prAcIna gujarAtI-rAjasthAnI mizrita hai| yaha bAlAvabodha va TabbA ke nAma se vizrata haiM / sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke dharmasiMha muni ne vyavahArasUtra para bhI TabbA likhA hai, para abhI taka vaha aprakAzita hI hai| prAcArya amolakaRSijI mahArAja dvArA kRta hindI anuvAda sAhita vyavahArasUtra prakAzita huA hai| jIvarAja ghelAbhAI dozI ne gujarAtI meM anuvAda bhI prakAzita kiyA hai| zubiMga lipajiga ne jarmana TippaNI ke sAtha san 1918 meM likhA / jisako jaina sAhitya samiti pUnA se 1923 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| pUjya ghAsIlAlajI ma. ne chedasUtroM kA prakAzana kevala saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha karavAyA hai| Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se san 1980 meM vyavahArasUtra prakAzita haa| jisakA sampAdana AgamamarmajJa muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne kiyaa| prastuta sampAdana-muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne pahale prAyAra-dasA, kappasuttaM aura bahArasuttaM ina tInoM vedasUtroM kA sampAdana aura prakAzana kiyA thaa| usI para aura adhika vistAra se prastuta tIna AgamoM kA sampAdana kara prakAzana ho rahA hai| isake pUrva nizItha kA prakAzana ho cukA hai| cAroM chedasUtroM para mUla, artha aura vivecana yukta yaha prakAzana apane Apa meM gauravapUrNa hai| ina tIna prAgamoM ke prakAzana ke sAtha hI [71]
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________________ prastuta AgamamAlA se sthAnakavAsI paramparA mAnya battIsa pAgamoM kA prakAzana kArya bhI sampanna ho rahA hai| svargIya zraddheya yuvAcArya zrI madhukara munijI ma. kI kamanIya kalpanA ko aneka sampAdaka muniyoM, mahAsatiyoM aura vidvAnoM ke kAraNa mUrta rUpa mila gayA hai| yaha parama pAhlAda kA viSaya hai| chedasUtroM meM zramaNoM kI prAcArasaMhitA kA vistAra se nirUpaNa hA hai| chedasUtroM meM utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA nirUpaNa hai| maiM bahuta hI vistAra se ina para likhane kA soca rahA thA, para zramaNasaMghIya vyavasthA kA dAyitva A jAne se usa kArya meM atyadhika vyasta rahane ke kAraNa aura atyadhika bhIr3a bharA vAtAbaraNa hone ke kAraNa nahIM likha sakA / isakA mujhe svayaM ko vicAra hai| bahata hI saMkSipta meM paricayAtmaka prastAvanA likhI hai| AzA hai, sujJa pAThaka Agama meM rahe hue marma ko smjheNge| mahAmahita rASTrasanta AcAryasamrATa zrI AnandaRSijI ma. aura paramazraddheya pUjya gurudeva upAdhyAya zrI puSkaramunijI ma. kI asIma kRpA ke phalasvarUpa hI maiM sAhitya ke kSetra meM kucha kArya kara sakA hU~ aura svargIya yuvAcArya zrI madhukara munijI ma. kI preraNA se Agama sAhitya para prastAvanAeM likhakara unakI preraNA ko mUrtarUpa de sakA hai, isakA mana meM santoSa hai| AzA hI nahIM apitu pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki sujJa pAThakagaNa AgamoM kI svAdhyAya kara apane jIvana ko dhanya bnaayeNge| upAcArya devendramuni koTa, pIpAr3asiTI dinAMka 22-10-91 [72 ]
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________________ 127 129 132 133 bsm orror M ln` s bRhatkalpasUtra [125-258] prathama uddezaka sAdhu-sAdhvI ke pralaMba-grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha prAmAdi meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ke rahane kI kalpamaryAdA grAmAdi meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ko eka sAtha rahane kA vidhi-niSedha ApaNagRha Adi meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha binA dvAra vAle sthAna meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha sAdhu-sAdhvI ko ghaTImAtraka grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha cilamilikA (maccharadAnI) grahaNa karane kA vidhAna pAnI ke kinAre khar3e rahane Adi kA niSedha sacitta upAzraya meM Thaharane kA niSedha sAgArika kI nizrA lene kA vidhAna gahastha-yukta upAzraya meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha pratibaddha zayyA meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha pratibaddha mArga vAle upAzraya meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha svayaM ko upazAnta karane kA vidhAna vihAra sambandhI vidhi-niSedha vairAjya-viruddharAjya meM bArambAra gamanAgamana kA niSedha gocarI Adi meM niyaMtrita vastra prAdi ke grahaNa karane kI vidhi rAtri meM AhArAdi kI gaveSaNA kA niSedha evaM apavAda vidhAna rAtri meM gamanAgamana kA niSedha rAtri meM sthaMDila evaM svAdhyAya bhUmi meM akele jAne kA niSedha pAryakSetra meM vicaraNa karane kA vidhAna prathama uddezaka kA sArAMza s or 140 141 141 143 144 ~ ~ 151 xxx [ 75 ]
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________________ 158 .. 162 dvitIya uddezaka dhAnyayukta upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha surAyukta makAna meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha va prAyazcitta jalayukta upAzraya meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta agni yA dIpaka yukta upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta khAdyapadArthayukta makAna meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta sAdhu-sAdhvI ke dharmazAlA Adi meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha aneka svAmiyoM vAle makAna kI AjJA lene ke vidhi-niSedha saMsRSTa-asaMsRSTa zayyAtara piMDagrahaNa ke vidhi-niSedha zayyAtara ke ghara Aye yA bheje gaye AhAra ke grahaNa kA vidhi-niSedha zayyAtara ke aMzayukta AhAra-grahaNa kA vidhi-niSedha zayyAtara ke pUjyajanoM ko diye gaye AhAra ke grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha nirgrantha-nirgranthI ke liye kalpanIyavastra nirgrantha-nirgranthI ke liye kalpanIya rajoharaNa dUsare uddezaka kA sArAMza 165 168 170 171 174 176 178 179 tRtIya uddezaka nirgrantha-nirgranthI ko paraspara upAzraya meM khaDe rahane prAdi kA niSedha sAdhu-sAdhvI dvArA vastra grahaNa karane ke vidhi-niSedha sAdhu-sAdhvI ko avagrahAnantaka aura avagrahapaTTaka dhAraNa karane ke vidhi-niSedha sAdhvI ko apanI nizrA se vastra grahaNa karane kA niSedha dIkSA ke samaya grahaNa karane yogya upadhi kA vidhAna prathama dvitIya samavasaraNa meM vastra grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha yathAratnAdhika vastra grahaNa kA vidhAna yathAratnAdhika zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa kA vidhAna yathAratnAdhika kRtikarma karane kA vidhAna gRhastha ke ghara meM Thaharane Adi kA niSedha gahastha ke ghara meM maryAdita vArtA kA vidhAna gRhastha ke ghara meM maryAdita dharmakathA kA vidhAna gRhastha kA zayyA-saMstAraka lauTAne kA vidhAna zayyAtara kA zayyA-saMstAraka vyavasthita karake lauTAne kA vidhAna khoye hue zayyA-saMstAraka ke anveSaNa kA vidhAna prAgantuka zramaNoM ko pUrvAjJA meM rahane kA vidhAna svAmI-rahita ghara kI pUrvAjJA evaM punaH AjJA kA vidhAna pUrvAjJA se mArga prAdi meM Thaharane kA vidhAna senA ke samIpavartI kSetra meM gocarI jAne kA vidhAna evaM rAta rahane kA prAyazcitta MMMMMMM Mus SI 0018 191 192 193 [76 ]
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________________ 194 194 197 000 205 206 211 216 221 avagrahakSetra kA pramANa tIsare uddezaka kA sArAMza cauthA uddezaka anudghAtika prAyazcitta ke sthAna pArAJcika prAyazcitta ke sthAna anavasthApya prAyazcitta ke sthAna vAcanA dene ke yogyAyogya ke lakSaNa zikSA-prApti ke yogyAyogya ke lakSaNa glAna ko maithunabhAva kA prAyazcitta prathama prahara ke AhAra ko caturtha prahara meM rakhane kA niSedha do kosa se Age AhAra le jAne kA niSedha anAbhoga se grahaNa kiye aneSaNIya AhAra kI vidhi auddezika AhAra ke kalpyAkalpya kA vidhAna zrutagrahaNa ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kA vidhi-niSedha sAMbhogika-vyavahAra ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kI vidhi prAcArya Adi ko vAcanA dene ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kA vidhi-niSedha kalaha karane vAle bhikSu se sambandhita vidhi-niSedha parihAra-kalpasthita bhikSu kI vaiyAvRtya karane kA vidhAna mahAnadI pAra karane ke vidhi-niSedha ghAsa se DhakI huI chata vAle upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha cauthe uddezaka kA sArAMza pAMcavA uddezaka vikurvita divya zarIra ke sparza se utpanna maithunabhAva kA prAyazcitta kalahakRta pAgantuka bhikSa ke prati kartavya rAtribhojana ke aticAra kA viveka evaM prAyazcitta vidhAna udgAla sambandhI viveka evaM prAyazcitta vidhAna saMsakta AhAra ke khAne evaM paraThane kA vidhAna sacitta jalabindu mile AhAra ko khAne evaM paraThane kA vidhAna pazu-pakSI ke sparzAdi se utpanna maithunabhAva ke prAyazcitta sAdhvI ko ekAkI gamana karane kA niSedha sAdhvI ko vastra-pAtra rahita hone kA niSedha sAdhvI ko pratijJAbaddha hokara AsanAdi karane kA niSedha AkucanapaTTaka ke dhAraNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha prabalaMbana yukta prAsana ke vidhi-niSedha savisANa pITha Adi ke vidhi-niSedha 222 223 225 227 rrr mmmmm 20. x 237 237 238 240 241 241 [77 ]
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________________ 242 242 242 243 243 245 245 246 savRta tumba-pAtra ke vidhi-niSedha sabUta pAtrakesarikA ke vidhi-niSedha daNDayukta pAdapoMchana ke vidhi-niSedha paraspara moka AdAna-pradAna ke vidhi-niSedha AhAra-auSadha parivAsita rakhane ke vidhi-niSedha parihArika bhikSu kA doSasevana evaM prAyazcitta pulAka-bhakta grahaNa ho jAne para gocarI jAne kA vidhi-niSedha pAMcaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza chaTThA uddezaka prakalpya vacanaprayoga kA niSedha asatya AkSepakartA ko usI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna sAdhu-sAdhvI ke paraspara kaNTaka Adi nikAlane kA vidhAna sAdhu dvArA sAdhvI ko avalambana dene kA vidhAna saMyamanAzaka chaha sthAna chaha prakAra kI kalpasthiti chaThe uddezaka kA sArAMza 249 249 251 252 254 256 257
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________________ zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara (kAryakAriNI samiti) adhyakSa kAryavAhaka adhyakSa upAdhyakSa indaura byAvara byAvara madrAsa jodhapura madrAsa duga mahAmaMtrI maMtrI zrI sAgaramalajI betAlA zrI ratanacandajI modI zrI dhanarAjajI vinAyakiyA zrI pArasamalajI coraDiyA zrI hukmIcandajI pArakha zrI dulIcandajI corar3iyA zrI jasarAjajI sA. pArakha zrI jI. sAyaramalajI coraDiyA zrI amaracandajI modI zrI jJAnarAjajI mUthA zrI jJAnacandajI vinAyakiyA zrI javarIlAlajI zizodiyA zrI Ara. prasannacandrajI coraDiyA zrI mANakacandajI saMcetI zrI esa. sAyaramalajI coraDiyA zrI motIcandajI coraDiyA zrI mUlacandajI surANA zrI tejarAjajI bhaNDArI zrI bhaMvaralAlajI goThI zrI prakAzacandajI copar3A zrI jatanarAjajI mehatA zrI bhaMvaralAlajI zrIzrImAla zrI candanamalajI coraDiyA zrI sumeramalajI mer3atiyA zrI pAsUlAlajI boharA madrAsa byAvara pAlI byAvara byAvara madrAsa sahamaMtrI koSAdhyakSa jodhapura parAmarzadAtA kAryakAriNI sadasya madrAsa madrAsa nAgaura jodhapura madrAsa byAvara mer3atAsiTI durga madrAsa jodhapura jodhapura
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________________ bRhatkalpasUtra
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________________
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________________ bRhatkalpasUtrA prathama uddezaka sAdhu-sAdhvI ke pralaMba-grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha 1. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA Ame tAla-palambe abhinne pddiggaahitte| 2. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA Ame tAla-palambe bhinne pddiggaahitte| 3. kappai niggaMthANaM pakke tAla-palambe bhinne vA abhinne vA pddiggaahitte| 4. no kappai niggaMthINaM pakke tAla-palambe abhinne pddiggaahitte| 5. kappai niggaMthINaM pakke tAla-palambe bhinne paDiggAhittae; se vi ya vihibhinne, no ceva NaM avihibhinne / 1. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko abhinna zastra-apariNata kacce tAla-pralamba grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko bhinna-zastrapariNata kaccA tAla-pralamba grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| 3. nirgranthoM ko khaNDa-khaNDa kiyA huA yA akhaNDa-pakva (zastrapariNata) tAla-pralamba grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| 4. nirgranthiyoM ko akhaNDa pakva (zastrapariNata) tAla-pralamba grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 5. nirgranthiyoM ko khaNDa-khaNDa kiyA huA pakva (zastrapariNata) tAla-pralamba grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / vaha bhI vidhipUrvaka bhinna (atyanta choTe-choTe khaNDakRta) ho to grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai, pravidhi-bhinna ho to grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana sUtrapaThita 'tAla-pralamba' pada sabhI phaloM kA sUcaka hai| "eka ke grahaNa karane para sabhI sajAtIya grahaNa kara lie jAte haiM"isa nyAya ke anusAra 'tAla-pralamba' pada se 'tAla-phala' ke atirikta kelA, Ama, anAra Adi phala bhI grahaNa karanA abhISTa hai| isI prakAra 'pralamba' pada ko anta:dIpaka (anta ke grahaNa se Adi evaM madhya kA grahaNa) mAnakara mUla, kanda, skandha Adi bhI grahaNa kiye gaye haiN| prathama, dvitIya sUtra meM 'Ama' pada kA apakva artha aura 'abhinna' pada kA zastra-apariNata artha evaM 'bhinna' pada kA zastra-pariNata artha abhISTa hai /
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________________ bhinna arthAt 128] [bahatkalpasUtra tIsare, cauthe aura pAMcaveM sUtra meM 'abhinna' pada kA prakhaNDa artha evaM 'pakva' pada kA zastrapariNata artha abhISTa hai| bhASya meM 'tAlapralamba' pada se vRkSa ke dasa vibhAgoM ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, yathA-- mUle kaMde khaMdhe, tayA ya sAle pavAla patte ya / pupphe phale ya bIe, palaMba suttammi dasa bheyA // --bRhatkalpa udde. 1, bhASya gA. 854 ina sUtroM kA saMyukta artha yaha hai ki sAdhu aura sAdhvI pakva yA apakva aura zastra-apariNata 1. mUla, 2. kanda, 3. skandha, 4. tvak, 5. zAla, 6. pravAla, 7. patra, 8. puSpa, 9. phala aura 10. bIja ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakate haiM / kintu ye hI yadi zastra-pariNata ho jAe~ to sAdhu aura sAdhvI grahaNa kara sakate haiN| ina sUtroM meM prayukta 'aAma, pakva, bhinna evaM abhinna' ina cAroM padoM kI bhASya meM dravya evaM bhAva se caubhaMgiyA~ karake bhI yahI batAyA gayA hai ki bhAva se pakva yA bhAva se bhinna ; zastrapariNata tAlapralamba ho to bhikSu ko grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / __ prathama sUtra meM kacce tAlapralamba zastrapariNata na hoM to agrAhya kahe haiM evaM dUsare sUtra meM unhIM ko zastrapariNata (bhinna) hone para grAhya kahA hai| jisa prakAra dUsare sUtra meM dravya aura bhAva se bhinna hone para kacce tAlapralamba grAhya kahe haiM usI prakAra tIsare sUtra meM dravya aura bhAva se pakva tAlapralamba bhinna yA abhinna hoM to bhikSu ke liye grAhya kahe haiM / cauthe sUtra meM dravya aura bhAva se pakva tAlapralamba bhI abhinna ho to sAdhvI ko grahaNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| pAMcaveM sUtra meM dravya aura bhAva se pakva tAlapralamba ke bar3e-bar3e lambe Tukar3e lene kA sAdhvI ke liye niSedha karake choTe-choTe Tukar3e hoM to grAhya kahe haiN| acitta hote hue bhI akhaNDa yA lambe khaNDa sAdhvI ko lene ke niSedha kA kAraNa isa prakAra hai abhinna-- prakhaNDa kelA Adi phala kA tathA zakarakaMda, mUlA Adi kanda-mUla kA lambA AkAra dekhakara kisI nirgranthI ke mana meM vikAra bhAva jAgRta ho sakatA hai aura vaha usase anaMgakrIr3A bhI kara sakatI hai, jisase usake saMyama aura svAsthya kI hAni honA sunizcita hai| ataH nirgranthI ko abhinna phala yA kanda Adi lene kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI avidhipUrvaka bhinna kadalI Adi phaloM ke, mUlA Adi kandoM ke, aise lambe khaNDa jinheM dekhakara kAmavAsanA kA jAgRta honA sambhava ho, unheM lene kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai / kintu vidhipUrvaka bhinna arthAt itane choTe-choTe khaNDa kie hue hoM ki jinheM dekhakara pUrvokta vikArabhAva jAgRta na ho to aisA phala yA kanda Adi sAdhvI grahaNa kara sakatI haiN| jo phala pakakara vRkSa se svayaM nIce gira par3atA hai athavA paka jAne para vRkSa se tor3a liyA jAtA hai, use dravyapakva kahate haiN| vaha dravyapakva phala bhI sacitta-sajIva bIja, guThalI Adi se saMyukta hotA hai| ataH use jaba zastra se vidArita kara, guThalI Adi ko dUrakara yA jisameM aneka bIja haiM
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________________ prayama uddezaka] [129 use agni prAdi meM pakAkara ubAlakara yA bhUnakara sarvathA asaMdigdha rUpa se acitta-nirjIva kara liyA gayA ho, taba vaha bhAvapakva-zastra-pariNata kahA jAtA hai evaM grAhya hotA hai| isase viparIta-arthAt chedana-bhedana kiye jAne para yA agni Adi meM pakAne para bhI arddhapakva hone kI dazA meM usake sacitta rahane kI sambhAvanA ho to vaha bhAva se apakva-zastra-apariNata kahA jAtA hai evaM agrAhya hotA hai / vistRta vivecana evaM caubhaMgiyoM ke liye bhASya evaM vRtti kA avalokana karanA caahie| grAmAdi meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ke rahane kI kalpamaryAdA 6. se 1. gAmaMsi vA, 2. nagaraMsi vA, 3. kheDaMsi vA, 4. kambaDaMsi vA, 5. maDaMbaMsi vA, 6. paTTaNaMsi vA, 7. AgaraMsi vA, 8. doNamuhaMsi vA, 9. nigamaMsi vA, 10. AsamaMsi vA, 11. sannivesaMsi vA, 12. saMvAhaMsi vA, 13. ghosaMsi vA, 14. aMsiyaMsi vA, 15. puDabheyaNaMsi vA, 16. rAyahANisi vA, saparikkhevaMsi abAhiriyaMsi, kappai niggaMthANaM hemanta-gimhAsu egaM mAsaM vatthae / 7. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA, saparikkhevaMsi sabAhiriyaMsi, kappaha niggaMthANaM hemanta-gimhAsu do mAse vtthe| anto egaM mAsaM, bAhiM egaM mAsaM / anto vasamANANaM anto bhikkhAyariyA, bAhi vasamANANaM bAhi bhikkhaayriyaa| 8. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA, saparikkhevaMsi abAhiriyaMsi, kappai niggaMthINaM hemantagimhAsu do mAse vtthe| 9. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA saparikkhevaMsi sabAhiriyaMsi, kappai niggaMthINaM hemanta-gimhAsu cattAri mAse vatthae / anto do mAse, bAhiM do mAse / anto vasamANoNaM anto bhikkhAyariyA, bAhiM vasamANINaM bAhiM bhikkhaayriyaa| 6. nirgranthoM ko saparikSepa aura abAhirika 1. grAma, 2. nagara, 3. kheTa, 4. karbaTa, 5. maDaMba, 6. pattana, 7. prAkara, 8. droNamukha, 9. nigama, 10. pAzrama, 11. sanniveza, 12. sambAdha, 13. ghoSa, 14. aMzikA, 15. puTabhedana aura 16. rAjadhAnI meM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM eka mAsa taka rahanA kalpatA hai / 7. nirgranthoM ko saparikSepa (prAkAra yA vADa-yukta) aura sabAhirika (prAkAra ke bAhara kI bastI yukta) grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM do mAsa taka rahanA kalpatA hai| eka mAsa grAma Adi ke andara aura eka mAsa grAmAdi ke baahr| grAma Adi ke andara rahate hue andara hI bhikSAcaryA karanA kalpatA hai| grAma Adi ke bAhara rahate hue bAhara hI bhikSAcaryA karanA kalpatA hai| 8. nirganthiyoM ko saparikSepa aura abAhirika grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM do mAsa taka rahanA kalpatA hai /
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________________ 130] [bRhatkalpasUtra 9. nirgranthiyoM ko saparikSepa aura sabAhirika grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM cAra mAsa taka rahanA kalpatA hai| do mAsa grAma Adi ke andara aura do mAsa grAma Adi ke bAhara / grAma Adi ke andara rahate hue andara hI bhikSAcaryA karanA kalpatA hai| grAma Adi ke bAhara rahate hue bAhara hI bhikSAcaryA karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana--pratyeka janapada meM grAma Adi sUtrokta aneka bastiyAM hotI haiN| ye bastiyAM do prakAra kI hotI haiM 1. jisa grAma Adi ke cAroM ora pASANa, IMTa, miTTI, kASTha, bAMsa yA kAMToM Adi kA tathA khAI, tAlAba, nadI, garta, parvata kA prAkAra ho aura usa prAkAra ke andara hI ghara base hue hoM, bAhara na hoM to usa grAma prAdi ko 'saparikSepa' aura 'abAhirika' kahA jAtA hai| 2. jisa grAma Adi ke cAroM ora pUrvokta prakAra ke prAkAroM meM se kisI prakAra kA prAkAra ho aura usa prAkAra ke bAhara bho ghara base hue hoM, usa grAma Adi ko 'saparikSepa' aura 'sabAhirika' kahA jAtA hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyA~ ukta donoM prakAra kI bastiyoM meM Thaharate haiM / varSAkAla meM unake lie sarvatra cAra mAsa taka rahane kA vidhAna hai kintu varSAkAla ke atirikta pATha mAsa taka ve kahA~ kitane ThahareM? isakA vidhAna ullikhita cAra sUtroM meM hai| sUtra meM saparikSepa sabAhirika grAmAdi meM dugune kalpa taka rahane ke liye bhikSAcaryA sambandhI jo kathana hai, usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki bhikSu grAmAdi ke jisa vibhAga meM rahe usI vibhAga meM gocarI kare to use pratyeka vibhAga meM alaga-alaga kalpa kAla taka rahanA kalpatA hai| kintu eka vibhAga meM rahate hue anya vibhAgoM meM bhI gocarI kare to una vibhAgoM meM alaga mAsakalpa kAla rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra meM prayukta grAmAdi zabdoM kI vyAkhyA natthettha karo nagaraM, kheDaM puNaM hoI dhUlipAgAraM / kambaDagaM tu kunagaraM, maDaMbagaM savvato chinnaM // jalapaTTaNaM ca yalapaTTaNaM ca, iti paTTaNaM bhave duvihN| ayamAi prAgarA khalu, doNamuhaM jala-thalapaheNaM / nigama negamavaggo, vasai rAyahANi jahi raayaa| tAvasamAI Asama, niveso satthAijattA vA // saMvAho saMvoDhu, vasati jahiM pavvayAivisamesu / ghoso u goulaM, aMsiyA u gAmaddhamAIyA / / NANAdisAgayANaM, bhijjati puDA u jattha bhaMDANaM / puDabheyaNaM tagaM saMkaro ya, kesiMci kaayvyo| -baha. bhASya gAthA 1089-1093
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________________ prathama uddezaka] 1. grAma-jahAM aThAraha prakAra kA kara liyA jAtA hai athavA jahAM rahane vAloM kI buddhi maMda hotI hai use 'grAma' kahA jAtA hai| 2. nagara-jahAM aThAraha prakAra ke kara nahIM lie jAte haiM vaha 'nagara' kahA jAtA hai| 3. kheDa--jahAM miTTI kA prAkAra ho vaha kheDa yA 'kheDA' kahA jAtA hai / 4. karbaTa-jahAM aneka prakAra ke kara liye jAte haiM aisA choTA nagara karbaTa (kasbA) kahA jAtA hai| 5. maDaMba---jisa grAma ke cAroM ora ar3hAI koza taka anya koI grAma na ho-vaha maDamba kahA jAtA hai| 6. paTTaNa-do prakAra ke haiM-jahAM jala mArga pAra karake mAla AtA ho vaha 'jalapattana' kahA jAtA hai / jahAM sthala mArga se mAla AtA ho vaha 'sthalapattana' kahA jAtA hai / 7. Akara---lohA Adi dhAturoM kI khAnoM meM kAma karane vAloM ke liye vahIM para basA huvA grAma Akara kahA jAtA hai| 8. droNamukha-jahAM jalamArga aura sthalamArga se mAla AtA ho aisA nagara do muha vAlA hone se droNamukha kahA jAtA hai| 9. nigama-jahAM vyApAriyoM kA samUha rahatA ho vaha nigama kahA jAtA hai| 10. prAzrama-jahAM saMnyAsI tapazcaryA karate hoM vaha Azrama kahA jAtA hai evaM usake AsapAsa basA huA grAma bhI Azrama kahA jAtA hai| 11. niveza-vyApAra hetu videza jAne ke lie yAtrA karatA huA sArthavAha (aneka vyApAriyoM kA samUha) jahAM par3Ava DAle vaha sthAna niveza kahA jAtA hai / athavA eka grAma ke nivAsI kucha samaya ke lie dUsarI jagaha grAma basAveM-vaha grAma bhI niveza kahA jAtA hai / athavA sabhI prakAra ke yAtrI jahAM-jahAM vizrAma leM ve saba sthAna niveza kahe jAte haiN| ise hI Agama meM aneka jagaha sanniveza kahA hai| 12. sambAdha-khetI karane vAle kRSaka dUsarI jagaha khetI karake parvata Adi viSama sthAnoM para rahate hoM vaha grAma sambAdha kahA jAtA hai| athavA vyApArI dUsarI jagaha vyApAra karake parvata Adi viSama sthAnoM para rahate hoM, vaha grAma sambAdha kahA jAtA hai| athavA jahAM dhAnya Adi ke koThAra hoM vahAM base hue grAma ko bhI sambAdha kahA jAtA hai / 13. ghoSa-jahAM gAyoM kA yUtha rahatA ho vahAM base hue grAma ko ghoSa (gokula) kahA jAtA hai| 14. aMzikA-grAma kA prAdhA bhAga, tIsarA bhAga yA cauthA bhAga jahAM Akara base vaha vasati 'aMzikA' kahI jAtI hai / 15. puTabhedana-aneka dizAoM se Ae hue mAla kI peTiyoM kA jahAM bhedana (kholanA) hotA hai vaha 'puTabhedana' kahA jAtA hai /
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________________ 132] [bRhatkalpasUtra 16. rAjadhAnI-jahAM rahakara rAjA zAsana karatA ho vaha rAjadhAnI kahI jAtI hai| 17. saMkara-jo grAma bhI ho, kheDa bhI ho, pAzrama bhI ho aisA mizrita lakSaNa vAlA sthAna 'saMkara' kahA jAtA hai / vaha zabda mUla meM nahIM hai bhASya meM hai| grAmAdi meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ko eka sAtha rahane kA vidhi-niSedha 10. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA, egavagaDAe, egaduvArAe, ega-nikkhamaNa-pavesAe, no kappai niggaMthANa ya niggaMthINa ya egayao vatthae / 11. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA, abhinivvagaDAe, abhininduvArAe abhinikkhamaNapavesAe, kappai niggaMthANa ya niggaMthINa ya egayano vatthae / 10. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko eka vagar3A, eka dvAra aura eka niSkramaNa-praveza vAle grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM (bhinna-bhinna upAzrayoM meM bhI) samakAla basanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 11. nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko aneka vagar3A, aneka dvAra aura aneka niSkramaNa-praveza vAle grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM samakAla basanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-grAmAdi kI racanA aneka prakAra kI hotI hai, yathA1. eka vibhAga vAle 2. aneka vibhAga vAle 3. eka dvAra vAle 4. aneka dvAra vAle 5. eka mArga vAle 6. aneka mArga vaale| dvAra evaM mArga meM yaha antara samajhanA cAhiye ki 'dvAra' samaya-samaya para banda kiye jA sakate haiM evaM khole jA sakate haiM / kintu 'mArga' sadA khule hI rahate haiM aura una para koI dvAra bane hue nahIM hote haiN| jo grAma kevala eka hI vibhAga vAlA ho aura usameM jAne Ane kA mArga bhI kevala eka hI ho aura aise grAmAdi meM pahale bhikSu Thahara cuke hoM to vahAM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhiye athavA sAdhviyAM ThaharI huI hoM to vahAM sAdhuoM ko nahIM ThaharanA caahiye| jisa grAmAdi meM aneka vibhAga hoM evaM aneka mArga hoM to vahAM sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM eka sAtha alaga-alaga upAzrayoM meM raha sakate haiN| kadAcit eka vibhAga yA eka mArga vAle grAmAdi meM sAdhusAdhvI donoM vihAra karate hue pahu~ca jAeM to vahAM para AhArAdi karake vihAra kara denA cAhiye arthAt adhika samaya vahAM donoM ko nivAsa nahIM karanA caahiye| aise grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM donoM ke Thaharane para jina doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai unakA varNana bhASyakAra ne vistArapUrvaka kiyA hai| vaha saMkSepa meM isa prakAra hai
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [133 1. uccAra-prasravaNabhUmi meM aura svAdhyAyabhUmi meM Ate-jAte samaya tathA bhikSA ke samaya galiyoM meM yA grAma ke dvAra para nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM kA bAra-bAra milana hone se eka-dUsare ke sAtha saMsarga bar3hatA hai aura usase rAgabhAva kI vaddhi hotI hai| athavA unheM eka hI dizA meM eka hI mArga se jAte-Ate dekhakara janasAdhAraNa ko aneka AzaMkAeM utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| "saMsargajA doSa-guNA bhavanti" isa sUkti ke anusAra saMyama kI hAni sunizcita hai| eka vagar3A meM nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke upAzrayoM ke dvAra eka-dUsare ke Amane-sAmane hoN| eka upAzraya ke dvAra ke pArzvabhAga meM dUsare upAzraya kA dvAra ho / eka upAzraya ke pRSThabhAga meM dUsare upAzraya kA dvAra ho| eka upAzraya kA dvAra Upara ho aura dUsare upAzraya kA dvAra nIce ho| tathA nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke upAzraya samapaMkti meM hoM to bhI jana-sAdhAraNa meM aneka AzaMkAeM utpanna hotI haiM tathA unake saMyama kI hAni hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| sUtrAMka 11 meM aneka vagaDA aneka dvAra aura aneka Ane-jAne ke mArga vAle grAma Adi ke vibhinna upAzrayoM meM nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ke samakAla meM rahane kA vidhAna hai| kyoMki aneka Ane-jAne ke mArga vAle grAma prAdi meM nirgranthoM tathA nirgranthiyoM kA bAra-bAra milana na hone se na samparka bar3hegA aura na rAgabhAva bar3hegA, na jana-sAdhAraNa ko kisI prakAra kI AzaMkA utpanna hogii| ataH aise grAmAdi meM yathAvasara sAdhu-sAdhvI kA samakAla meM rahanA doSarahita samajhanA cAhiye / ApaNagRha Adi meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha 12. no kappai niggaMthINaM 1. AvaNagihaMsi vA, 2. ratthAmuhaMsi vA, 3. siMghADagaMsi vA, 4. tiyaMsi vA, 5. caukkaMsi vA, 6. caccaraMsi vA, 7. antarAvaNaMsi vA btthe| 13. kappai nimgaMthANaM prAvaNagihaMsi vA jAva antarAvarNasi vA vatthae / 12. nirgranthiyoM ko 1. ApaNagaha, 2. rathyAmukha, 3. zRgATaka, 4. trika, 5. catuSka, 6. catvara athavA 7. antarApaNa meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 13. nirgranthoM ko ApaNagRha yAvat antarApaNa meM rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-1. hATa-bAjAra ko 'ApaNa' kahate haiM, usake bIca meM vidyamAna gRha yA upAzraya 'ApaNagRha' kahA jAtA hai| 2. rathyA kA artha galI yA mohallA hai, jisa upAzraya yA ghara kA mukha (dvAra) galI yA mohalle kI ora ho, vaha 'rathyAmukha' kahalAtA hai athavA jisa ghara ke Age se galI prArambha hotI ho, use bhI 'rathyAmukha' kahate haiN| 3. siMghAr3e ke samAna trikoNa sthAna ko 'zRgATaka' kahate haiM / 4. tIna galI yA tIna rAstoM ke milane ke sthAna ko 'trika' kahate haiM /
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________________ 134] [bRhatkalpasUtra 5. cAra mArgoM ke samAgama ko (caurAhe ko) 'catuSka' kahate haiN| 6. jahAM para chaha yA aneka rAste Akara mileM, athavA jahAM se chaha yA aneka ora rAste jAte hoM, aise sthAna ko 'catvara' kahate haiN| 7. antarApaNa kA artha hATa-bAjAra kA mArga hai / jisa upAzraya ke eka aora athavA donoM ora bAjAra kA mArga ho, use 'antarApaNa' kahate haiM / athavA jisa ghara ke eka tarapha dukAna ho aura dUsarI tarapha nivAsa ho use bhI 'antarApaNa' kahate haiN| aise upAzrayoM yA gharoM meM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA caahiye| kyoMki ina sthAnoM meM aneka manuSyoM kA pAvAgamana rahatA hai| sahaja hI unakI dRSTi sAdhviyoM para par3atI rahatI hai jisase unakI zIlarakSA meM kaI bAdhAyeM utpanna hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| ataH rAjamArga yA caurAhe Adi sUtrokta sthAnoM ko chor3akara galI ke andara yA surakSita sthAnoM meM sAdhviyoM kA rahanA nirApada hotA hai / sAdhu ko aise sthAnoM meM rahane meM Apatti na hone se sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| svAdhyAya dhyAna Adi saMyama yogoM meM rukAvaTa AtI ho to sAdhu ko bhI aise sthAnoM meM nahIM ThaharanA caahiye| binA dvAra vAle sthAna meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha 14. no kampai niggaMthINaM avaMguyaduvArie uvassae vatthae / ega patthAraM anto kiccA, ega patyAraM bAhiM kiccA, pohADiya cilimiliyAgaMsi evaM NaM kappai vtthe| 15. kappai niggaMthANaM avaMguyaduvArie uvassae vtthe| 14. nirgranthiyoM ko apAvRta (khule) dvAra vAle upAzraya meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu nirgranthiyoM ko apAvRtadvAra vAle upAzraya meM dvAra para eka prastAra (pardA) bhItara karake aura eka prastAra bAhara karake isa prakAra cilimilikA (jisake bIca meM mArga rahe) bAMdhakara usameM rahanA kalpatA hai| 15. nigranthoM ko apAvRtta dvAra vAle upAzraya meM rahanA kalpatA hai| ___ vivecana-jisa upAzraya yA gRha Adi kA dvAra kapATa-yukta na ho, aise sthAna para sAdhviyoM ko Thaharane kA jo niSedha kiyA hai, usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki khulA dvAra dekhakara rAtri ke samaya cora Adi pAkara sAdhviyoM ke vastra-pAtrAdi ko le jA sakate haiN| kAmI puruSa bhI pA sakate haiM, ve aneka prakAra se sAdhviyoM ko parezAna kara sakate haiM evaM unake sAtha balAtkAra bhI kara sakate haiN| kutte Adi bhI ghusa sakate haiM, ityAdi kAraNoM se kapATa-rahita dvAra vAle upAzraya yA ghara meM sAdhviyoM ko Thaharane niSedha kiyA gayA hai| kinta yadi anveSaNa karane para bhI kisI grAmAdi meM kivADoM vAlA ghara Thaharane ko nahIM mile aura khule dvAra vAle ghara meM Thaharane kA avasara Ave to usake lie prastuta sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki andara bAhara isa taraha vastra kA pardA kara deM ki sahaja kisI kI dRSTi na par3e aura jAne-Ane kA mArga bhI rhe|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [135 bhASya meM dvAra ko DhaMkane kI vidhi isa taraha batAI gaI hai ki bAMsa yA khajUra kI chidrarahita caTAI yA sana-TATa Adi ke parade se dvAra ko bAharI aora se mora bhItarI ora se bhI banda karake ThaharanA caahie| rAtri ke samaya una donoM paradoM ko kisI khUTI Adi se Ara, bIca meM aura nIce isa prakAra bAMdhe ki bAhara se koI puruSa praveza na kara ske| phira bhI surakSA ke lie batAyA gayA hai ki usa dvAra para sazakta sAdhvI bArI-bArI se rAta bhara paharA deve tathA rUpavatI yuvatI sAdhviyoM ko gItArtha aura vRddha sAdhviyoM ke madhya-madhya meM cakravAla rUpa se sthAna dekara sone kI vyavasthA gaNinI yA pravartinI ko karanI cAhie / gaNinI ko sabake madhya meM sonA cAhie aura bIca-bIca meM sabakI saMbhAla karate rahanA cAhie / khule dvAra vAle sthAna meM sAdhuoM ko Thaharane kA jo vidhAna kiyA gayA hai usakA kAraNa spaSTa hai ki unake ukta prakAra kI AzaMkA kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai| yadi kahIM kutte yA cora grAdi ko AzaMkA ho to sAdhu ko bhI yathAyogya surakSA kara lenI cAhiye / sAdhu-sAdhvI ko ghaTImAtraka grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha 16. kappai niggaMthINaM antolittaM ghaDimattayaM dhArittae vA pariharittae vA / 17. no kappai niggaMthANaM antolittaM ghaDimattayaM dhArittae vA pariharittae vaa| 16. nirgranthiyoM ko andara kI ora lepayukta ghaTImAtraka rakhanA aura usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| 17. nirgranthoM ko andara kI ora lepayukta ghaTImAtraka rakhanA aura usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-Agama meM tIna prakAra ke mAtraka rakhane kI AjJA hai, yathA1. uccAramAtraka, 2. prazravaNamAtraka, 3. khelamAtraka / yahAM bhI eka prakAra ke mAtraka kA varNana hai| pUrva ke aneka sUtroM meM sAdhvI ke zIlarakSA hetu niSedha kiye gaye haiM aura yahAM bhikSu ke brahmacaryarakSA hetu niSedha hai / ghaTImAtraka eka prakAra kA prazravaNamAtraka hI hai| yadyapi prazravaNamAtraka to sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM ko rakhanA kalpatA hai tathApi isa mAtraka kA kucha vizeSa AkAra hotA hai, usa AkAra ko batAne vAlA "ghaTI" zabda hai jisakA TIkAkAra ne isa prakAra artha kiyA hai "ghaTImAtra" ---ghaTIsaMsthAnaM mRnmayabhAjana vizeSa, ghaTikA (ghaDigA) ke prAkAra vAlA eka prakAra kA miTTI kA pAtra, ghaTImAtraka kA artha hai| jisa prakAra tAlapralamba ke lambe Tukar3oM meM puruSa cihna kA AbhAsa hone ke kAraNa sAdhvI ko unakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, usI prakAra ghaTI AkAra vAle mAtraka ke mukha se strI-cihna kA AbhAsa
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________________ [bRhatkalpasUtra hone ke kAraNa sAdhu ke liye isakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura sAdhvI ke liye bAdhaka na hone se vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ____ "ghaTa" zabda kA artha "miTTI kA ghar3A" hotA hai aura "ghaTI" yA "ghaTikA" zabda se choTA ghar3A yA choTo surAhI artha hotA hai / yathA"ghaDigA" ghaTikA-mRnmayakullaDikA / -sUya. patra 118 alpaparicita saiddhAMtika zabdakoSa, pR. 381 bhASya tathA TIkA meM kapar3e se mukha baMdhA hone kA tathA miTTI ke hone kA jo kathana hai usase bhI surAhI jaisA honA sambhava hai kyoMki surAhI jaise choTe mukha vAle pAtra ke hI kapar3A bAMdhA jAtA hai / anyathA to pAtra yA mAtraka kapar3e se DhaMka kara hI rakhe jAte haiN| __ miTTI kA hone se khuradarA ho sakatA hai jo jaldI na sUkhane ke kAraNa prazravaNa ke upayogI nahIM hotA hai ataH andara cikanA banA karake hI sAdhvI ko rakhanA kalpatA hai| vahI pAtra andara cikanA hone ke kAraNa sAdhu ke liye AkAra aura sparza donoM se vikArajanya ho jAtA hai| aise hI mAtraka kA yaha vidhi-niSedha samajhanA caahiye| ___ bhASya-TIkA meM ise sAmAnya prazravaNamAtraka batAkara sAdhu ko rakhanA anAvazyaka hI kahA hai| kintu sAmAnya prazravaNamAtraka ke grahaNa karane kA Agama meM aneka jagaha ullekha hai| ataH yahAM brahmacaryabAdhaka AkRtivizeSa vAlA prazravaNamAtraka hI samajhanA prasaMgasaMgata hai| cilamilikA (maccharadAnI) grahaNa karane kA vidhAna 18. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA calacilimiliyaM dhArittae vA pariharittae vaa| 18. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko cela-cilimilikA rakhanA aura usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-cilamilikA yaha dezI zabda hai, yaha choladArI ke AkAra vAlI eka prakAra kI vastra-kuTI hai / yaha pAMca prakAra kI hotI hai 1. sUtramayI--kapAsa Adi ke dhAgoM se banI huI, 2. rajjumayI-Una Adi ke moTe dhAgoM se banI huI, 3. valkalamayI-sana-paTasana Adi kI chAla se banI huI, 4. daNDakamayI-bAMsa-veMta se banI huI, 5. kaTamayI-caTAI se banI huii| prakRta sUtra meM vastra se banI cilamilI ko rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, anya kA nhiiN| kyoMki unake bhArI hone se vihAra ke samaya sAtha meM le jAnA sambhava nahIM hotA hai yA bahuzrama-sAdhya hotA hai| cilamilikA kA pramANa pA~ca hAtha lambI, tIna hAtha caur3I aura tIna hAtha U~cI batAyA gayA hai| isake bhItara eka sAdhu yA sAdhvI kA saMrakSaNa bhalIbhAMti ho sakatA hai|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [137 nizIthasUtra u. 1 meM sUtra (dhAgoM) se svayaM cilamilikA banAne kA prAyazcitta kahA hai aura yahAM para vastra kI cilamilikA rakhanA kalpanIya kahA hai ataH taiyAra milane vAle vastra se bhikSu cilamilikA banAkara rakha sakatA hai athavA vastra kI taiyAra cilamilikA mile to bhI bhikSu grahaNa karake rakha sakatA hai| isa sUtra meM dhAraNa karane ke liye kahI gaI cilamilikA se maccharadAnI kA kathana kiyA gayA hai aura sUtra 14 meM eka prastAra (caddara yA pardA) dvAra ke andara evaM eka bAhara bAMdhakara bIca meM mArga rakhane rUpa cilamilikA banAnA kahA gayA hai| vaha do padoM (caddaroM) se banAI gaI cilamilikA prastuta sUtra kI cilamilikA (maccharadAnI) se bhinna hai| bhASyakAra ne pratyeka sAdhu aura sAdhvI ko eka-eka cilimilikA rakhane kA nirdeza kiyA hai, jisakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki varSA Adi RtuoM meM jabaki DAMsa, macchara, makkho, pataMge Adi kSudra jantu Adi utpanna hote haiM, taba rAtri ke samaya cilimilikA ke andara sone se unakI rakSA hotI hai| isI prakAra pAnI ke barasane para aneka prakAra ke jIvoM se yA vihAra kAla meM vanAdi pradezoM meM Thaharane para jaMgalI jAnavaroM se AtmarakSA bhI hotI hai| rogI sAdhu kI paricaryA bhI usake lagAne se sahaja meM hotI hai| makkhI, macchara Adi ke adhika ho jAne para AhAra-pAnI bhI cilamilikA lagAkara karane se una jIvoM kI rakSA hotI hai| pAnI ke kinAre khar3e rahane Adi kA niSedha 19. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA dagatIraMsi, 1. ciTThittae vA, 2. nisIittae vA, 3. tuyaTTittae vA, 4. nidAittae vA, 5. payalAittae vA, 6. asaNaM vA, 7. pANaM bA, 8. khAimaM vA, 9. sAimaM vA Aharittae, 10. uccAraM vA, 11. pAsavaNaM vA, 12. khelaM vA, 13. siMghANaM vA parivettae, 14. sajjhAyaM vA karittae, 15. dhammajAgariyaM vA jAgarittae, 16. kAusaggaM vA ThAittae / 19. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko dakatora (jala ke kinAre) para 1. khar3A honA, 2. baiThanA, 3. zayana karanA, 4. nidrA lenA, 5. UMghanA, 6. azana, 7. pAna, 8. khAdima aura 9. svAdima AhAra kA khAnA-pInA, 10.-11. mala-mUtra, 12. zleSma, 13. nAsAmala Adi kA parityAga karanA, 14. svAdhyAya karanA, 15. dharmajAgarikA (dharmadhyAna) karanA tathA 16. kAyotsarga kara sthita honA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-nadI yA sarovara Adi jalAzaya ke jisa sthAna se grAmavAsI yA vanavAsI loga pAnI bhara ke le jAte haiM aura jahAM para gAya bhaiseM aAdi pazu yA jaMgalI jAnavara pAnI pIne ko pAte haiM, aise sthAna ko 'dakatIra' kahate haiN| athavA kisI bhI jalayukta jalAzaya ke kinAre ko 'dakatIra' kahate haiN| aise sthAna para sAdhU yA sAdhvI kA uThanA-baiThanA, khAnA-pInA, mala-mUtrAdi karanA, dharmajAgaraNa karanA aura dhyAnAvasthita hokara kAyotsarga Adi karane kA jo niSedha kiyA gayA hai, usake aneka kAraNa niyuktikAra, bhASyakAra aura TIkAkAra ne batAye haiM, unameM se kucha isa prakAra haiM 1. jala bharane ko Ane vAlI striyoM ko sAdhu ke caritra meM zaMkA ho sakatI hai|
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________________ 138] bahatkalpasUtra 2. pAnI pIne ko Ane vAle jAnavara Darakara binA pAnI piye hI vApasa lauTa sakate haiM, unake pAnI pIne meM antarAya hotI hai| 3. idhara-udhara bhAgane se 'jIvadhAta' kI bhI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| 4. duSTa jAnavara sAdhu ko mAra sakate haiN| 5. jala meM rahe jalacara jIva sAdhu ko dekhakara trasta hote haiN| 6. ve jala meM idhara-udhara daur3ate haiM, jisase pAnI ke jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai| 7. jala ke kinAre pRthvo sacitta hotI hai ataH pRthvIkAya ke jIvoM ko virAdhanA hotI hai| 8. sAdhu ke kaccA pAnI pIne kI yA grahaNa karane kI logoM ko aAzaMkA hotI hai| ityAdi kAraNoM se sUtra meM jalasthAna ke kinAre Thaharane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / sacitra upAzraya meM Thaharane kA niSedha .. 20. no kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthINa vA sacittakamme uvassae vatthae / 21. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA acittakamme uvassae vatthae / 20. nirgranthoM aura nirgandhiyoM ko sacitra upAzraya meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 21. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko citra-rahita upAzraya meM rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-jina upAzrayoM kI bhittiyoM para deva-deviyoM, strI-puruSoM aura pazu-pakSiyoM ke jor3oM ke aneka prakAra se krIr3A karate hue citra hoM athavA anya bhI manoraMjaka citra citrita hoM, vahAM sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhiye, kyoMki unheM dekhakara unake mana meM vikArabhAva jAgRta ho sakatA hai tathA bAraMbAra udhara dRSTi jAne se svAdhyAya, dhyAna, pratilekhana Adi saMyama kriyAoM meM ekAgratA nahIM rahatI hai| ataH sacitra upAzrayoM meM Thaharane kA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sAgArika kI nizrA lene kA vidhAna 22. no kappai niggaMthoNaM sAgAriya-anissAe vatthae / 23. kappai niggaMthINaM sAgAriya-nissAe bathae / 24. kappai niggaMthANaM sAgAriya-nissAe vA anissAe vA vatthae / 22. nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArika ko anizrA se rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 23. nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArika kI nizrA se rahanA kalpatA hai / 24. nirgranthoM ko sAgArika kI nizrA yA anizrA se rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-jaise vRkSAdi ke Azraya ke vinA latA pavana se prerita hokara kampita aura asthira ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra zayyAtara kI nizrA arthAt surakSA kA uttaradAyitva mile binA zramaNI bhI
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [139 kSubhita evaM bhayabhIta ho sakatI hai, usake zIla kI rakSA puruSa kI nizrA se bhalIbhAMti ho sakatI hai| kyoMki kSudra puruSoM ke dvArA balAtkAra karane kI AzaMkA banI rahatI hai| ataH guruNI-pravartinI se rakSita hone para bhI zramaNI ko zayyAtara kI nizrA meM rahanA prAvazyaka batAyA gayA hai| kintu sAdhuvarga prAyaH sazakta, dRDhacitta evaM nirbhaya manovRtti vAlA hotA hai tathA usake brahmacarya bhaMga ke viSaya meM balAtkAra honA bhI sambhava nahIM rahatA hai| ataH vaha zayyAtara kI nizrA ke binA bhI upAzraya meM raha sakatA hai / yadi cora yA hiMsaka jIvoM kA yA anya koI upadrava ho to sAdhu bhI kabhI zayyAtara se surakSA kA AzvAsana prApta karake Thahara sakatA hai| gRhastha-yukta upAzraya meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha 25. no kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthINa vA sAgArie uvassae vatthae / 26. no kappai niggaMthANaM itthi-sAgArie uvassae vatthae / 27. kappai niggaMthANaM purisa-sAgArie uvassae vtthe| 28. no kappai niggaMthoNaM purisa-sAgArie uvassae vatthae / 29. kappai niggaMthINaM isthi-sAgArie uvassae vatthae / 25. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArika (gRhastha ke nivAsa vAle) upAzraya meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 26. nigraMnthoM ko strI-sAgArika (kevala striyoM ke nivAsa vAle) upAzraya meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 27. nigranthoM ko puruSa-sAgArika (kevala puruSoM ke nivAsa vAle) upAzraya meM rahanA kalpatA hai| 28. nirgranthiyoM ko puruSa-sAgArika (kevala puruSoM ke nivAsa vAle) upAzraya meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 29. nirgranthiyoM ko strI-sAgArika (kevala striyoM ke nivAsa vAle) upAzraya meM rahanA kalpatA hai| ___ vivecana-sAgArika upAzraya do prakAra ke hote haiM-dravya-sAgArika aura bhAva-sAgArika / jisa upAzraya meM strI puruSa rahate hoM athavA strI-puruSoM ke rUpa bhitti Adi para citrita hoM, kASTha, pASANAdikI mUrtiyAM strI-puruSAdi kI hoM, unake zRgAra ke sAdhana vastra, AbhUSaNa, gandha, mAlA, alaMkAra Adi rakhe hoM, jahAM para bhojana-pAna kI sAmagrI rakhI huI ho, gIta, nRtya, nATaka Adi hote hoM, yA vINA, bAMsurI, mRdaMgAdi bAje bajate hoM, vaha upAzraya svasthAna meM dravya-sAgArika hai aura parasthAna meM bhAva-sAgArika hai|
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________________ 140] [vRhatkalpasUtra svasthAna aura parasthAna kA artha yaha hai ki yadi usa upAzraya meM puruSoM ke citra, matiyAM hoM aura puruSoM ke hI gIta, nRtya, nATakAdi hote hoM to vaha sAdhunoM ke lie dravya-sAgArika hai aura sAdhviyoM ke lie bhAva-sAgArika hai| isI prakAra jisa upAzraya meM striyoM ke citra, mUrti Adi hoM aura unake gIta, nRtya, nATakAdi hote hoM to vaha upAzraya puruSoM ke lie bhAva-sAgArika hai aura striyoM ke lie dravya-sAgArika hai| sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko ina donoM hI prakAra ke (dravya-sAgArika aura bhAva-sAgArika) upAzrayoM meM rahanA yogya nahIM hai| yadyapi prathama sUtra meM dravya aura bhAvasAgArika upAzrayoM meM rahane kA jo spaSTa niSedha kiyA hai vaha utsargamArga hai, kintu vicarate hue sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko ukta doSa-rahita nirdoSa upAzraya Thaharane ko na mile to aisI dazA meM dravya-sAgArika upAzraya meM sAdhu yA sAdhvI Thahara sakate haiN| kintu bhAvasAgArika upAzraya meM nahIM Thahara sakate, yaha sUtracatuSka meM batAyA gayA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki utsargamArga se sAdhu-sAdhvI ko dravya evaM bhAvasAgArika upAzraya meM nahIM ThaharanA cAhiye kintu apavAdamArga se dravya-sAgArika upAzraya meM Thahara sakate haiN| pratibaddhazayyA meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha 30. no kappai niggaMthANaM paDibaddha-sejjAe vatthae / 31. kappai niggaMthINaM paDibaddha-sejjAe vatthae / 30. nirgranthoM ko pratibaddhazayyA meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 31. nirgranthiyoM ko pratibaddhazayyA meM rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-pratibaddha upAzraya do prakAra kA hotA hai-1. dravya-pratibaddha, 2. bhAva-pratibaddha 1. jisa upAzraya meM chata ke baladhAraNa arthAt chata ke pATa gRhastha ke ghara se sambaddha hoM, use dravyapratibaddha upAzraya kahA gayA hai| 2. bhAvapratibaddha upAzraya cAra prakAra kA hotA hai 1. jahAM para strI aura sAdhuoM ke mUtrAdi karane kA sthAna eka hI ho / 2. jahAM strI evaM sAdhuoM ke baiThane kA sthAna eka hI ho|| 3. jahAM para sahaja hI strI kA rUpa dikhAI detA ho| 4. jahAM para baiThane se strI ke bhASA, prAbhUSaNa evaM maithuna sambandhI zabda sunAI dete hoN| dravya-pratibaddha upAzraya meM svAdhyAya Adi kI dhvani gRhastha ko evaM gRhastha ke kAryoM kI dhvani sAdhu ko bAdhaka ho sakatI hai tathA eka dUsare ke kAryoM meM vyAghAta bhI ho sakatA hai| bhAva-pratibaddha upAzraya saMyama evaM brahmacarya ke bhAvoM meM bAdhaka bana sakatA hai| ataH dravya-bhAvapratibaddhazayyA meM ThaharanA yogya nahIM hai /
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [141 yadyapi ukta doSa sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM ke liye samAna haiM, phira bhI sAdhvI ke liye sUtra meM jo vidhAna kiyA hai vaha apavAda svarUpa hai| kyoMki unheM gRhastha kI nizrAyukta upAzraya meM hI ThaharanA hotA hai| nizrAyukta upAzraya kabhI apratibaddha na mile to pratibaddha sthAna meM ThaharanA unako Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| aise samaya meM unheM kisa viveka se rahanA cAhie, isakI vistRta jAnakArI bhASya se karanI caahiye| vizeSa paristhiti meM kadAcit sAdhu ko bhI aise sthAna meM ThaharanA par3a jAe to usakI vidhi bhI bhASya meM batAI gaI hai| utsarga vidhi se to sAdha-sAdhvI ko apratibaddha zayyA meM hI ThaharanA caahiye| pratibaddha mArga vAle upAzraya meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha 32. no kappai niggaMthANaM gAhAvai-kulassa majjhamazeNaM gaMtu vatthae / 33. kappai niggaMthINaM gAhAvai-kulassa masaMmajjheNaM gaMtu vatthae / 32. gRha ke madhya meM hokara jisa upAzraya meM jAne-mAne kA mArga ho usa upAzraya meM nirgranthoM ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 33. gRha ke madhya meM hokara jisa upAzraya meM jAne-mAne kA mArga ho usa upAzraya meM nirgranthiyoM ko rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana- yadi koI upAzraya aise sthAna para ho jahAM ki gahastha ke ghara ke bIcobIca hokara jAnA-pAnA par3e aura anya mArga nahIM ho, aise upAzraya meM sAdhuoM ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, kyoMki gRhastha ke ghara ke bIca meM hokara jAne-mAne para usakI strI, bahina Adi ke rUpa dekhane, zabda sunane evaM gRhasthI ke aneka prakAra ke kAryakalApoM ke dekhane se sAdhuoM kA citta vikSobha ko prApta ho sakatA hai| athavA ghara meM rahane vAlI striyAM kSobha ko prApta ho sakatI haiN| phira bhI sAdhviyoM ko Thaharane kA jo vidhAna sUtra meM hai, usakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki nirdoSa nizrA yukta upAzraya na mile to aise upAzraya meM sAdhviyAM Thahara sakatI haiN| pUrva sUtradvaya meM pratibaddha sthAna kA kathana kiyA hai| prastuta sUtradvaya meM sthAna apratibaddha hote hue bhI usakA mArga pratibaddha ho sakatA hai yaha batAyA gayA hai| sAdhu ko aise pratibaddha sthAnoM kA varjana karanA atyanta Avazyaka hai aura sAdhvI ko itanA Avazyaka nahIM hai| ina sabhI sUtroM ke vidhiniSedhoM meM brahmacarya kI rakSA kA hetu hI pramukha hai| svayaM ko upazAnta karane kA vidhAna 34. bhikSu ya ahigaraNaM kaTu, taM ahigaraNaM vinosavittA, viosaviyapAhuDe 1. icchAe paro prADhAejjA, icchAe paro No praaddhaaejjaa| 2. icchAe paro abbhuTThajjA, icchAe paro No abbhuThejjA / 3. icchAe paro vandejjA, icchAe paro no vndejjaa| 4. icchAe paro saMbhujejjA, icchAe paro no sNbhujejjaa|
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________________ 142] [vRhatkalpasUtra 5. icchAe paro saMvasejjA, icchAe paro no sNbsejjaa| 6. icchAe paro uvasamejjA, icchAe paro no ukhsmejjaa| jo uvasamai tassa asthi ArAhaNA, jo na uvasamai tassa nasthi ArAhaNA; tamhA appaNA ceva uvsmiyvN| pa0-se kimAhu bhaMte ! u.--"uvasamasAraM khu sAmaNNaM / " 34. bhikSu kisI ke sAtha kalaha ho jAne para usa kalaha ko upazAnta karake svayaM sarvathA kalaharahita ho jAe / jisake sAtha kalaha huA hai-- 1. vaha bhikSu icchA ho to Adara kare, icchA na ho to aAdara na kare / 2. vaha icchA ho to usake sanmAna meM uThe, icchA na ho to na utthe| 3. vaha icchA ho to vandanA kare, icchA na ho to vandanA na kare / 4. vaha icchA ho to usake sAtha bhojana kare, icchA na ho to na kare / 5. vaha icchA ho to usake sAtha rahe, icchA na ho to na rhe| 6. vaha icchA ho to upazAnta ho, icchA na ho to upazAnta na ho| jo upazAnta hotA hai usake saMyama kI ArAdhanA hotI hai| jo upazAnta nahIM hotA hai usake saMyama kI ArAdhanA nahIM hotI hai / isalie apane Apako to upazAnta kara hI lenA caahie| pra0---bhante ! aisA kyoM kahA? u0--(he ziSya) upazama hI zramaNa-jIvana kA sAra hai| vivecana--yadyapi bhikSu aAtmasAdhanA ke liye saMyama svIkAra kara pratikSaNa svAdhyAya, dhyAna Adi saMyama-kriyAyoM meM apramatta bhAva se vicaraNa karatA hai tathApi zarIra, AhAra, ziSya, guru, vastra, pAtra, zayyA-saMstAraka Adi kaI pramAda evaM kaSAya ke nimitta saMyamI jIvana meM rahate haiN| pratyeka vyakti kA svabhAva, kSayopazama, viveka bhI bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| krodha mAna Adi kaSAyoM kI upazAnti bhI sabhI kI bhinna-bhinna hotI hai| parigrahatyAgI hote hue bhI dravyoM evaM kSetroM ke prati mamatva ke prabhAva meM (amamatva bhAva meM) bhinnatA rahatI hai| vinaya, saralatA, kSamA, zAnti prAdi guNoM ke vikAsa meM sabhI ko eka samAna saphalatA nahIM mila pAtI hai| anuzAsana karane meM evaM anuzAsana pAlane meM bhI sabhI kI zAnti barAbara nahIM rahatI hai| bhASA-prayoga kA viveka bhI pratyeka kA bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| ityAdi kAraNoM se sAdhanA kI apUrNa avasthA meM pramAdavaza udayabhAva se bhikSutroM ke Apasa meM kabhI kaSAya yA kleza utpanna ho sakatA hai|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [143 ___ bhASyakAra ne kalaha utpatti ke kucha nimittakAraNa isa prakAra batAye haiM 1. ziSyoM ke liye, 2. upakaraNoM ke liye, 3. kaTu vacana ke uccAraNa se, 4. bhUla sudhArane ko preraNA karane ke nimitta se, 5. paraspara saMyamanirapekSa carcA-vArtA evaM vikathAoM ke nimitta se, 6. zraddhAsampanna viziSTa sthApanA kuloM meM gocarI karane yA nahIM karane ke nimitta se / kalaha utpanna hone ke bAda bhI saMyamazIla muni ke saMjvalana kaSAya ke kAraNa azAnta avasthA adhika samaya nahIM rahatI hai| vaha sambhala kara AlocanA prAyazcitta kara zuddha ho jAtA hai / kintu prastuta sUtra meM eka viziSTa sambhAvanA batAkara usakA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai kikabhI koI bhikSu tIvra kaSAyodaya meM Akara svecchAvaza upazAnta na honA cAhe taba dUsare upazAnta hone vAle bhikSu ko yaha socanA cAhiye ki kSamApaNA, zAnti, upazAnti Atmanirbhara hai, paravaza nhiiN| yadi yogya upAya karane para bhI dUsarA upazAnta na ho aura vyavahAra meM zAnti bhI na lAve to usake kisI bhI prakAra ke vyavahAra se punaH prazAnta nahIM honA caahiye| kyoMki svayaM ke pUrNa upazAnta evaM kaSAyarahita ho jAne se svayaM kI ArAdhanA ho sakatI hai aura dUsare ke anupazAnta rahane para usakI hI virAdhanA hotI hai, donoM kI nhiiN| ataH bhikSu ke lie yahI jinAjJA hai ki vaha svayaM pUrNa upazAnta ho jaae| isa viSaya meM prazna upasthita kiyA gayA hai ki yadi anya bhikSu upazAnta na hove aura ukta vyavahAra bhI zuddha na kare to akele ko upazAnta honA kyoM Avazyaka hai ? isake uttara meM samajhAyA gayA hai ki kaSAyoM ko upazAnti karanA yahI saMyama kA mukhya lakSya hai| isase hI vItarAgabhAva kI prApti ho sakatI hai / pratyeka sthiti meM zAnta rahanA yahI saMyamadhAraNa karane kA evaM pAlana karane kA sAra hai / ataH apane saMyama kI dhArAdhanA ke liye svayaM ko sarvathA upazAMta honA atyaMta Avazyaka samajhanA caahie| vihAra sambandhI vidhi-niSedha 35. no kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthoNa vA vAsAvAsAsu cArae / 36. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMyoNa vA hemanta-gimhAsa caare| 35. nirgranthoM aura nirganthiyoM ko varSAvAsa meM vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 36. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM vihAra karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-varSAkAla meM pAnI barasane se bhUmi sarvatra harita tRNAMkurAdi se vyApta ho jAtI hai / ghAsa meM rahane vAle choTe jantu evaM bhUmi meM rahanevAle keMcuA, gijAI Adi jIvoM se evaM anya bhI choTe-bar3e trasajIvoM se pRthvI vyApta ho jAtI hai, ataH sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vihAra karane para bhI unakI virAdhanA sambhava hai / isake atirikta pAnI ke barasane se mArga meM par3ane vAle nadI-nAle bhI jala-pUra se pravAhita rahate haiM, ata: sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko unake pAra karane meM bAdhA ho sakatI hai| vihArakAla meM pAnI barasane se unake vastra evaM anya upadhi ke bhIgane kI bhI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, jisase apkAya kI
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________________ 144] [bRhatkalpasUtra virAdhanA sunizcita hai, ataH varSAkAla meM cAra mAsa taka eka sthAna para hI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke rahane kA vidhAna prathama sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya sUtra meM cAturmAsa pazcAt pATha mAsa taka vicaraNa karane kA kathana hai| vicaraNa karane se saMyama ko unnati, dharmaprabhAvanA, brahmacaryasamAdhi evaM svAsthyalAbha hotA hai tathA jinAjJA kA pAlana hotA hai| jisa kSetra meM cAturmAsa yA mAsakalpa vyatIta kiyA ho, vahAM usake bAda svastha avasthA meM bhI rahanA yA dugunA samaya anyatra vicaraNa kiye binA pAkara rahanA niSiddha hai aura usakA prAyazcittavidhAna bhI hai| ataH grISma evaM hemanta Rtu meM zakti ke anusAra vicaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai / vairAjya-viruddharAjya meM bAraMbAra gamanAgamana kA niSedha 37. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niragaMthINa vA verajja-viruddharajjasi sajja gamaNaM, sajja prAgamaNaM, sajjaM gamaNAgamaNaM karittae / jo khalu niggaMtho vA niggaMthI vA verajja-viruddharajjaMsi sajjaM gamaNaM, sajja prAgamaNaM sajja gamaNAgamaNaM karei, kareMtaM vA sAijjai, se duhano vi aikkamamANe Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 37. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vairAjya aura virodhI rAjya meM zIghra jAnA, zIghra AnA, aura zIghra jAnA-pAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| jo nirgrantha yA nigranthI vairAjya aura virodhI rAjya meM zIghra jAnA, zIghra pAnA aura zIghra jAnA-mAnA karate haiM tathA zIghra jAnA-pAnA karane vAloM kA anumodana karate haiM, ve donoM (tIrthaMkara aura rAjA) kI AjJA kA atikramaNa karate hue anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcittasthAna ke pAtra hote haiN| vivecananiyuktikAra ne aura tadanusAra TIkAkAra ne rAjya ke aneka vyutpattiparaka artha kiye haiM--- 1. jisa rAjya meM rahane vAle logoM meM pUrva-puruSa-paramparAgata vaira cala rahA ho| 2. jina do rAjyoM meM vaira utpanna ho gayA ho| 3. dUsare rAjya ke grAma-nagarAdi ko jalAne vAle jahAM ke rAjA loga hoN| 4. jahAM ke maMtrI senApati Adi pradhAna puruSa rAjA se virakta ho rahe hoM, use padacyuta karane ke SaDyantra meM saMlagna hoN| 5. jahAM kA rAjA mara gayA ho yA haTA diyA gayA ho aise arAjaka rAjya ko 'vairAjya' kahate haiN| jahAM para do rAjAoM ke rAjya meM paraspara gamanAgamana pratiSiddha ho, aise rAjyoM ko 'viruddharAjya' kahate haiN|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [145 isa prakAra ke vairAjya aura viruddha rAjya meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vicarane kA evaM kAryavazAt jAne-Ane kA niSedha kiyA hai, kyoMki aise rAjyoM meM jaldI-jaldI Ane-jAne se adhikArI loga sAdhu ko cora, guptacara yA SaDyantrakArI jAnakara vadha, bandhana Adi nAnA prakAra ke duHkha de sakate haiM / ataH aise 'vairAjya' aura 'viruddharAjya' meM gamanAgamana karane vAlA sAdhu rAjA kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana to karatA hI hai, sAtha hI vaha jinezvara kI prAjJA kA bhI ullaMghana karatA hai aura isI kAraNa vaha cAturmAsika anudghAtika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| niyuktikAra sUtra ke 'gamana', 'pAgamana' aura 'gamanAgamana' ina aMzoM kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM ki vizeSa kAraNoM se ukta prakAra ke 'vairAjya' 'viruddha rAjya' meM jAnA-mAnA bhI par3e to pahale sImAvartI 'pArakSaka' se pUche ki hama amuka kArya se Apake rAjya ke bhItara jAnA cAhate haiM, ataH jAne kI svIkRti diijie| yadi vaha svIkRti dene meM apanI asamarthatA batalAve to usa rAjya ke nagara-seTha ke pAsa saMdeza bhejakara svIkRti maMgAve / usake bhI asamarthatA prakaTa karane para senApati se, usake bhI asAmarthya prakaTa karane para maMtrI se, usake bhI asAmarthya batAne para rAjA ke pAsa saMdeza bheje ki-"hama amuka kAraNa-vizeSa se Apake rAjya meM praveza karanA cAhate haiM, ata: jAne kI svIkRti dIjie aura 'prArakSaka janoM ko AjJA dIjie ki ve hameM rAjya meM praveza karane deN|" isI prakAra pAte samaya bhI ukta krama se hI svIkRti lekara vApasa pAnA cAhie / niyuktikAra ne gamanAgamana ke vizeSa kAraNa isa prakAra batAye haiM 1. yadi kisI sAdhu ke mAtA-pitA dIkSA ke lie udyata hoM to unako dIkSA dene ke lie| 2. yadi zoka se vihvala hoM to unako sAntvanA dene ke lie| 3. bhaktapAna pratyAkhyAna (samAdhimaraNa) kA icchuka sAdhu apane guru yA gItArtha ke pAsa AlocanA ke lie| 4. rogI sAdhu kI vaiyAvRtya ke lie, 5. apane para kruddha sAdhu ko upazAnta karane ke lie, 6. vAdiyoM dvArA zAstrArtha ke lie AhvAna karane para zAsana-prabhAvanA ke lie, 7. prAcArya kA apaharaNa kara lie jAne para unako mukta karAne ke lie tathA isI prakAra ke anya kAraNa upasthita hone para ukta prakAra se svIkRti lekara sAdhu 'vairAjya' evaM 'viruddharAjya' meM jA A sakate haiN| sUtra meM "sajja" zabda ke dvArA jo zIghra-zIghra jAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki punaH-punaH isa prakAra prAjJA lekara jAne para rAjA yA rAjakarmacArI ruSTa yA zaMkita ho sakate haiM / kyoMki Avazyaka kArya se eka-do bAra jAnA to kSamya ho sakatA hai kintu bArambAra jAnA Apattijanaka hotA hai| aise samaya meM aneka kArya karane Avazyaka hoM to pUrNa vicAra kara eka hI bAra meM una sabhI kAryoM ko sampanna kara lene kA viveka rakhanA cAhiye aura sambhava ho to usa dizA, rAjya yA rAjadhAnI meM jAnA hI nahIM cAhiye, yahI utsargamArga hai| apavAda se jAnA par3e to bArambAra nahIM jAnA cAhiye, yaha isa sUtra kA tAtparya hai|
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________________ 146] [bRhatkalpasUtra gocarI Adi meM nimantrita vastra Adi ke grahaNa karane kI vidhi 38. niggaMthaM ca NaM gAhAvaikulaM piMDavAyapaDiyAe aNupaviLaM kei vattheNa vA, paDiggaheNa vA, kaMbaleNa vA, pAyapuMchaNeNa vA uvanimaMtejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya AyariyapAyamUle ThavettA, doccapi uggahaM aNuNNavittA parihAraM prihritte| 39. niggathaM ca Na bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA, bihArabhUmi vA, nikvaMtaM samANaM kei vatyeNa vA, paDiggaheNa vA, kaMbaleNa vA, pAyachaNeNa vA uvanimaMtejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya AyariyapAyamUle ThavittA docca pi uggahaM aNuNNavittA parihAraM prihritte| 40. nimnathi ca NaM gAhAvaikulaM piMDavAyapaDiyAe aNupaviTThe kei vatyeNa vA, paDiggaheNa vA, kaMbaleNa vA, pAyapuchaNeNa vA uvanimaMtejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya pavattiNIpAyamUle ThavittA, doccaM pi uggahaM aNuNNavittA parihAraM prihritte| 41. nirgathi ca NaM bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA NikkhaMti samANi kei vattheNa vA, paDiggaheNa vA, kaMbaleNa vA, pAyachaNeNa vA uvanimaMtejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya pavittiNi. pAyamUle ThavettA, doccaMpi uggahamaNuNNavittA parihAraM pariharittae / 38. gahastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie praviSTa nirgrantha ko yadi koI vastra, pAtra, kambala yA pAdaproMchana lene ke lie kahe to unheM "sAkArakRta" grahaNa kara, prAcArya ke caraNoM meM rakhakara puna: unakI prAjJA lekara use apane pAsa rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| 39. vicArabhUmi (mala-mUtra visarjana-sthAna) yA vihArabhUmi (svAdhyAyabhUmi) ke lie (upAzraya se) bAhara nikale hue nirgrantha ko yadi koI vastra, pAtra, kambala yA pAdapoMchana lene ke lie kahe to vastrAdi ko "sAkArakRta" grahaNa kara unheM prAcArya ke caraNoM meM rakhakara punaH unakI AjJA lekara use apane pAsa rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| 40. gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie praviSTa nirgranthI ko yadi koI vastra, pAtra, kambala yA pAdapoMchana lene ke lie kahe to unheM "sAkArakRta" grahaNa kara, pravartinI ke caraNoM meM rakhakara unase punaH aAjJA lekara use apane pAsa rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / 41. vicArabhUmi yA svAdhyAya bhUmi ke lie (upAzraya se) bAhara jAtI haI nimranthI ko yadi koI vastra, pAtra, kambala yA pAdapoMchana lene ke lie kahe to unheM "sAkArakRta" grahaNa kara, pratinI ke caraNoM meM rakhakara pUna: AjJA lekara use apane pAsa rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-yadi AcArya se gocarI kI anujJA lekara sAdhu bhikSArtha kisI gRhastha ke ghara meM jAve aura gRhasvAminI bhakta-pAna dekara sUtrokta vastra, pAtrAdi lene ke lie kahe aura bhikSu ko unakI AvazyakatA ho to yaha kahakara lenA cAhie ki "yadi hamAre AcArya prAjJA deMge to ise rakheMge anyathA 28. gaha
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [147 tumhAre ye vastra-pAtrAdi tumheM vApasa lauTA die jAyeMge", isa prakAra se kahakara grahaNa karane ko "sAkArakRta" grahaNa karanA kahA jAtA hai| yadi vaha sAdhu "sAkArakRta" na kahakara use grahaNa karatA hai aura apane upayoga meM letA hai to gRhastha ke dvArA diye jAne para bhI vaha corI kA bhAgI hotA hai aura prAyazcitta kA pAtra banatA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki gocarI ke liye prAcAryAdi se AjJA lekara jAne para AhAra grahaNa kI hI AjJA hotI hai, ataH vastrAdi ke liye spaSTa kaha kara alaga se AjJA lenA Avazyaka hai| sAdhu jisa vastu kI AjJA lekara jAtA hai vahI vastu grahaNa kara sakatA hai| anya vastu lene ke lie gRhastha dvArA kahane para yA AvazyakatA jJAta ho jAne para AcAryAdi kI svIkRti ke prAgAra se hI le sakatA hai| yadi vastra Adi kI AjJA lekara gayA ho to 'sAkArakRta' lenA Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai| / sUtra-paThita "uvanimaMtejjA" pada kI nirukti karate hue kahA gayA hai ki "upa-samIpe mAgatya nimaMtrayet / " arthAt bhikSA ke liye Aye hue sAdhu ko dAtA kahe ki "Apa isa vastra yA pAtrAdi ko svIkAra kreN|" taba sAdhu usase (khAsakara gRhasvAminI se) pUche ki-'yaha vastrAdi kisakA hai aura kaisA hai arthAt kahAM se aura kyoM lAyA gayA hai ?' ___ ina do praznoM kA santoSakAraka uttara milane para punaH tIsarA prazna kare ki----"mujhe kyoM diyA jA rahA hai ?" yadi uttara mile ki--"Apake zarIra para ati jIrNa vastra hai, yA pAtrAdi TUTe-phUTe dikha rahe haiM, ataH Apako dharmabhAvanA yA kartavya se prerita hokara diyA jA rahA hai|" taba use "sAkArakRta" (AgAra ke sAtha) le leve / yadi santoSakAraka uttara na mile to na leve| niyuktikAra ne ukta tInoM bAtoM ko pUchane kA abhiprAya yaha batAyA hai ki pahale do praznoM se to usakI kalpanIyatA jJAta ho jAtI hai aura tIsare prazna se dAtAra ke bhAva jJAta ho jAte haiN| yadi sAdhu binA pUche hI usa diye jAne vAle vastrAdi ko grahaNa karatA hai aura ghara kA pati, devara yA anya dAsI-dAsa Adi cupacApa diye aura liye jAne ko dekhatA hai to dene aura lene vAle ke viSaya meM vaha aneka prakAra kI AzaMkAeM kara sakatA hai ki-"hamAre ghara kI isa strI kA aura sAdhu kA koI pArasparika AkarSaNa pratIta hotA hai athavA isake santAna nahIM hai, ataH yaha sAdhu se santAnotpatti ke viSaya meM koI mantra, tantra yA bheSaja prayoga cAhatI hai / " isa prakAra kI nAnA zaMkAoM se AkrAnta hokara vaha strI kI, sAdhu kI yA donoM kI ho nindA, mArapITa Adi kara sakatA hai| yadi ghara ke kisI vyakti ne aisI koI bAta nahIM dekhI-sunI hai aura dene vAlI strI santAnAdi se hIna hone ke kAraNa sAdhu se kisI vidyA, mantrAdi ko cAhatI hai to usa dI gayI vastu ko lekara cale jAne para vaha upAzraya meM jAkara pUcha sakatI hai ki-"mujhe amuka kArya kI siddhi kA upAya btaao|" athavA vaha strI yadi proSitabhartRkA hai yA kAmAturA hai yA upAzraya meM jAkara apanI dUSita bhAvanA ko pUrNa karane ke lie bhI kaha sakatI hai / usake aisA kahane para sAdhu mantrAdi ke viSaya meM to yaha uttara de ki-"gRhasthoM ke lie nimitta (mantrAdi) kA prayoga karanA hameM nahIM kalpatA hai|"
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________________ 140] [buhatkalpasUtra kAmAbhilASA prakaTa karane para kuzIlasevana ke doSa batAkara kahe ki-"hama saMyamI haiM, aisA pApAcaraNa karake apane saMyama kA nAza nahIM karanA cAhate haiN|" aisA kahane para vaha kSubdha hokara sAdhu kI apakIti bhI kara sakatI hai, apanI dI gaI vastu vApasa bhI mAMga sakatI hai aura isI prakAra ke anya aneka upadrava bhI kara sakatI hai / ina saba kAraNoM se sAdhu ko ukta tIna prazna pUchakara aura diye jAne vAle vastra-pAtrAdi ke pUrNa zuddha jJAta hone para tathA dAtAra ke vizuddha bhAvoM ko yathArtha jAnakara hI AgAra ke sAtha lenA ucita hai, anyathA nhiiN| sAdhvI ko bhI isI vidhi kA pAlana karanA cAhie kintu yahAM itanA vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki pravartinI usa sAdhvI ke dvArA lAye gaye vastrAdi ko sAta dina taka apane pAsa rakhatI hai aura usakI yatanA se parIkSA karatI hai ki-"yaha vidyA, saMmohana-cUrNa, mantra Adi se to mantrita nahIM hai ?" yadi use vaha nirdoSa pratIta ho to vaha lAne vAlI sAdhvI ko yA use AvazyakatA na hone para anya sAdhvI ko de detI hai / vaha yaha bhI dekhatI hai ki dene vAlA vyakti yuvA, vidhura, vyabhicArI yA durAcArI to nahIM hai aura jise diyA gayA hai, vaha yuvatI aura navadIkSitA to nahIM hai| yadi inameM se koI bhI kAraNa dRSTigocara ho to pravartinI use vApasa karA detI hai / yadi aisA koI kAraNa nahIM ho to use anya sAdhvI ko de detI hai| itanI parIkSA kA kAraNa niyuktikAra ne yaha batAyA hai ki-"striyAM prakRti se hI alpadhairyavAlI hotI haiM aura dUsare ke pralobhana se zIghra lubdha ho jAtI haiN|" yadyapi sUtra meM sAdhvI ko zrAvaka se "sAkArakRta" vastrAdi lene kA vidhAna hai, para bhASyakAra ne isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai ki-"utsargamArga to yahI hai ki sAdhvI kisI bhI gRhastha se svayaM vastrAdi nahIM le / jaba bhI use vastrAdi kI AvazyakatA ho, vaha apanI pravartinI se kahe athavA gaNadhara yA prAcArya se kahe / AcArya gRhastha ke yahAM se vastra lAve aura sAta dina taka apane pAsa rkhe| tatpazcAt use dhokara kisI sAdhu ko pror3hAve / isa prakAra parIkSA karane para yadi vaha nirdoSa jJAta ho to pravartinI ko de aura vaha use lekara usa sAdhvI ko de jise usakI AvazyakatA hai| yadi kadAcit gaNadhara yA prAcArya samIpa na hoM to pravartinI gRhastha ke yahAM se vastra lAve aura ukta vidhi se parIkSA kara sAdhvI ko deve / yadi kadAcit gocarI, vicArabhUmi yA vihArabhUmi ko jAte pAte samaya koI gRhastha vastra lene ke lie nimaMtrita kare aura sAdhvI ko vastra lenA Avazyaka hI ho to, use 'sAkArakRta' lekara pravartinI ko lAkara denA cAhie aura vaha parIkSA karake usa sAdhvI ko deve| yaha vidhi aparicita yA alpaparicita dAtA kI apekSA se samajhanI caahie| suparicita evaM vizvasta zrAvaka-zrAvikA se vastrAdi grahaNa karane meM sUtrokta vidhi hI paryApta hotI hai| bhASyokta vidhi usake liye Avazyaka nahIM hai aisA samajhanA cAhie / rAtri meM AhArAdi kI gaveSaNA kA niSedha evaM apavAda vidhAna 42. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA rAo vA viyAle vA asaNaM vA pANaM vA khAimaM vA sAimaM vA pddigaahette| na'nnattha egeNaM punvapaDilehieNaM sejjAsaMthAraeNaM / 43. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA rAo vA ciyAle vA vatthaM vA, paDiggahaM vA, kambalaM vA, pAyapuchaNaM vA pddigaahette|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [149 mannattha egAe hariyAhaDiyAe, sA vi ya paribhuttA vA, dhoyA vA, rattA vA, ghaTThA vA, maTThA vA, saMpadhUmiyA vaa| 42. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM prazana, pAna, khAdima aura svAdima lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| kevala eka pUrvapratilekhita zayyAsaMstAraka ko chor3akara / 43. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM vastra, pAtra, kambala yA pAdaproMchana lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / kevala eka 'hRtAhRtikA' ko chor3akara / vaha paribhukta, dhauta, rakta, ghRSTa, mRSTa yA sampradhUmita bhI kara dI gayI ho to bhI rAtri meM lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana-kucha prAcArya rAtri kA artha sandhyAkAla karate haiM aura kucha AcArya vikAla kA artha sandhyAkAla karate haiN| TIkAkAra ne niruktikAra ke donoM hI artha saMgata kahe haiN| ataH pUrva pratilekhita zayyAsaMstAraka ke atirikta rAtri meM yA sandhyA ke samaya bhakta-pAna grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadyapi 42 doSoM meM "rAtribhojana" kA niSedha nahIM hai, tathApi dazavakAlikasUtra ke chajjIvanikAya nAmaka adhyayana meM "rAibhoyaNaveramaNa" nAmaka chaThe vrata kA spaSTa vidhAna hai| ataeva sAdhu ko kisI bhI prakAra kA bhakta-pAna rAtri meM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / isake atirikta dina ke samaya bhI jisa sthAna para andhakAra ho vahAM para bhI jaba sAdhu ko bhojana grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai to andhakAra se paripUrNa rAtri meM to use grahaNa karanA kaise kalpa sakatA hai ? kabhI nhiiN| zaMkA-ukta chaThe rAtri-bhakta vrata meM rAta meM khAne-pIne kA niSedha kiyA hai, para rAta meM bhaktapAna ko lAne meM kyA doSa hai ? ___samAdhAna-rAtri meM gocarI ke lie gamanAgamana karane para SaTkAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai, unakI virAdhanA se saMyama kI virAdhanA hotI hai aura saMyama kI virAdhanA se prAtma-virAdhanA hotI hai| isake atirikta rAta meM Ate-jAte hue ko koI cora samajhakara pakar3a le, gRhastha ke ghara jAne para vahAM aneka prakAra kI AzaMkAeM ho jAe~, ityAdi kAraNoM se rAtri meM gocarI ke lie gamanAgamana karane para aneka doSa sambhava haiN| ataH rAtri meM bhakta-pAna lAnA bhI nahIM cAhie / dazavai. a.6 meM rAtri meM AhAra grahaNa karane ke doSa batAye haiM evaM nizItha u. 10 meM unake prAyazcitta bhI kahe haiN| zaMkA-jaba rAtri meM prazanAdi grahaNa karane kA sarvathA niSedha hai to pUrvapratilekhita zayyAsaMstAraka ko chor3akara aisA vidhAna sUtra meM kyoM kiyA gayA? samAdhAna-utsargamArga to yahI hai ki rAta meM kisI bhI padArtha ko grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| kintu yaha sUtra apavAdamArga kA prarUpaka hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki mArga bhUlane yA mArga adhika lambA nikala jAne Adi kAraNoM se sthavirakalpI bhikSu sUryAsta bAda bhI yogya sthAna para pahuMca
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________________ 150] [bRhatkalpasUtra kara Thaharate haiM taba unheM Thaharane ke liye makAna evaM jIvarakSA Adi kAraNoM se pATa saMstAraka Adi rAtri evaM vikAla meM grahaNa karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| sUryAsta-pUrva makAna mila jAne para bhI kabhI Avazyaka pATa gRhastha kI dukAna Adi se rAtri ke eka do ghaMTe bAda bhI milanA sambhava ho to vaha bhI rAtri meM grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| __aisI paristhitiyoM kI apekSA se hI yaha vidhAna samajhanA caahie| dUsare sUtra se rAtri meM vastrAdi grahaNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai kintu grAmAnugrAma vicarate samaya koI cora Adi kisI sAdhu yA sAdhvI ke kisI vastra Adi ko chIna le jAve yA upAzraya se curA le jAve / kucha samaya bAda le jAne vAle ko yaha sadbuddhi paidA ho ki-"mujhe sAdhu yA sAdhvI kA yaha vastra prAdi curAnA yA chInanA nahIM cAhie thaa|" tadanantara vaha sandhyA yA rAta ke samaya pAkara de yA sAdhu ko dikhAI dene yogya sthAna para rakha de to aise vastra Adi ke grahaNa karane ko "hRtAhRtikA" kahate haiM / pahale harI gayo, pIche pAhRta kI gayI vastu "hRtAhRtikA" kahI jAtI hai| vaha hRtAhRtika vastra Adi kaisA ho, isakA spaSTIkaraNa sUtra meM paribhukta Adi padoM se kiyA gayA hai, jinakA artha isa prakAra hai paribhukta-usa vastra Adi ko le jAne vAle ne yadi use pror3hane Adi ke upayoga meM le liyA ho| dhauta-jala se dho liyA ho| rakta-pAMca prakAra ke raMgoM meM se kisI raMga meM raMga liyA ho / ghRSTa-vastra Adi para ke cihna-vizeSoM ko ghisakara miTA diyA ho| mRSTa-moTe yA khuradare kapar3e Adi ko dravya-vizeSa se yukta kara komala banA diyA ho| sampradhUmita-sugandhita dhUpa Adi se suvAsita kara diyA ho / ina ukta prakAroM meM se kisI bhI prakAra kA vastra Adi yadi le jAne vAlA vyakti rAta meM lAkara bhI vApasa de to sAdhu aura sAdhvI use grahaNa kara sakate haiN| apane apahRta vastra Adi ke atirikta yadi koI navIna vastra, pAtra, pAdapoMchana Adi sandhyAkAla yA rAtri meM lAkara de to use lenA sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra meM "hariyAhaDiyAe" aisA pATha hai, jisakA niyuktikAra ne "hariUNa ya prAhaDiyA, chUDhA hariesu vA''haTu" isa prakAra se usake do artha kiye haiN| prathama artha ke anusAra vaha svayaM Akara de aura dUsare artha ke anusAra vaha yadi "haritakAya" (vRkSa-jhAr3I Adi) para DAla jAe aura jisakA vaha vastrAdi ho use candra ke prakAza Adi meM dikha jAe to sAdhu yA sAdhvI sandhyA yA rAta ke samaya jAkara use lA sakatA hai| __athavA use koI anya puruSa uThAkara aura yaha amuka sAdhu yA sAdhvI kA hai, aisA samajha karake de to jisakA vaha vastrAdi hai, vaha use grahaNa kara sakatA hai| "hatAhatikA" zabda strIliMga hai isalie sUtra meM "sA vi ya paribhuttA" Adi strIliMga vAcI pATha hai| isakA artha hai "corI meM gaI huI vastu / "
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [151 rAtri meM gamanAgamana kA niSedha 44. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA rAmro vA viyAle vA praddhANagamaNaM ette| 45. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA rAo vA biyAle vA saMAMDa vA saMkhaDipaDiyAe ette| 44. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM mArga-gamana karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 45. nimranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM saMkhaDi ke liye saMkhaDI-sthala para (anyatra) jAnA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana--prathama sUtra meM rAtri yA sandhyAkAla meM sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko vihAra karane kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki usa samaya gamana karane para mArga para calane vAleja va daSTigocara nahIM hote haiN| ata: IryAsamiti kA pAlana nahIM ho sakatA hai aura usake pAlana na hone se saMyama kI virAdhanA hotI hai tathA uttarA. a. 26 meM IryAsamiti kA kAla dina kA hI kahA hai, rAtri kA nahIM, isa maryAdA kA ullaMghana bhI hotA hai / isake atirikta pairoM meM kAMTe Adi lagane se, Thokara khAkara girane se yA gaDDhe meM par3a jAne se prAtma-virAdhanA bhI hotI hai, sAMpa Adi ke dvArA iMsane kI yA zera-cIte Adi ke dvArA khAye jAne kI bhI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, isalie rAtri meM gamana karane kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / dUsare sUtra meM saMkhaDI meM jAne kA niSedha kiyA hai| bhoja yA jImanavAra-vizeSa ko saMkhaDI kahate haiM, jo eka dina kA yA aneka dina kA bhI hotA hai| usameM mukhya dina AsapAsa ke sabhI grAmavAsiyoM ko pAne ke lie nimantraNa diyA jAtA hai| aise kSetra meM rahe hue bhikSu ko usa dina anyatra kahIM bhikSA prApta nahIM hotI hai| aisI paristhiti meM do kosa ke bhItara kI saMkhaDI meM se janasamUha ke Ane ke pUrva bhikSu gocarI lA sakatA hai| AcArAMga zru. 2, a. 1, u. 2 meM do kosa uparAnta saMkhaDI meM jAne kA niSedha hai tathA nimantraNa dene para bhI saMkhaDiyoM meM jAne kA evaM vahAM Thaharane kA bhI niSedha hai / ataH ukta paristhiti ke kAraNa do kosa ke bhItara kI saMkhaDI meM se bhikSA lAne ke saMkalpa se koI bhikSu sUryodaya pUrva apane sthAna se nikalakara vahAM sUryodaya bAda bhikSA grahaNa karane hetu jAnA cAhe to usakA prastuta sUtra meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai| ataH ukta saMkhaDI meM kabhI jAnA Avazyaka ho to bhikSu dina meM hI vivekapUrvaka jA sakatA hai| sUtra meM rAtri zabda ke sAtha vikAla zabda ke prayoga se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki sUryodaya pUrva uSAkAla meM evaM sUryAsta bAda sandhyAkAla meM bhI bhikSu ko vihAra evaM saMkhaDI ke liye gamanAgamana nahIM karanA caahie| rAtri meM sthaMDila evaM svAdhyAya-bhUmi meM akele jAne kA niSedha 46. no kappai niggaMthassa egANiyassa rAo vA viyAle vA bahiyA biyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa|
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________________ 152] [bahatkalpasUtra kappai se appabiiyassa vA appataiyassa vA rAo vA viyAle vA bahiyA biyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa| 47. no kappaI niggaMthIe egANiyAe rAo vA viyAle vA bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa| kappai se appabiiyAe vA appataiyAe vA appacautthIe vA rAo vA viyAle vA bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa| 46. akele nirgrantha ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM upAzraya se bAhara kI vicArabhUmi yA vihArabhUmi meM jAnA-mAnA nahIM kalpatA hai / use eka yA do nirgranthoM ko sAtha lekara rAtri meM yA vikAla meM upAzraya kI sImA se bAhara kI vicArabhUmi yA vihArabhUmi meM jAnA-mAnA kalpatA hai| 47. akelI nirgranthI ko rAtri meM yA vikAla meM upAzraya se bAhara kI vicArabhUmi yA vihArabhUmi meM jAnA-mAnA nahIM kalpatA hai / eka, do yA tIna nirgranthiyoM ko sAtha lekara rAtri meM yA vikAla meM upAzraya se bAhara kI vicArabhUmi yA vihArabhUmi meM jAnA-mAnA kalpatA hai / vivecana-mala-mUtra tyAgane ke sthAna ko-'vicArabhUmi' kahate haiM aura svAdhyAya ke sthAna ko 'vihArabhUmi' kahate haiN| rAtri ke samaya yA sandhyAkAla meM yadi kisI sAdhu ko mala-mUtra-visarjana ke lie jAnA Avazyaka ho to use apane sthAna se bAhara vicArabhUmi meM akelA nahIM jAnA caahie| isI prakAra ukta kAla meM yadi svAdhyAyArtha vihArabhUmi meM jAnA ho to upAzraya se bAhara akele nahIM jAnA caahie| kintu vaha eka yA do sAdhuoM ke sAtha jA sakatA hai| upAzraya kA bhItarI bhAga evaM upAzraya ke bAhara sau hAtha kA kSetra upAzraya kI sImA meM ginA gayA hai, usase dUra (Age) jAne kI apekSA se sUtra meM 'bahiyA' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| svAdhyAya ke liye yA mala-visarjana ke liye dUra jAkara punaH pAne meM samaya adhika lagatA hai| isa kAraNa se akele jAne meM aneka ApattiyoM evaM AzaMkAoM kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / yathA 1. prabala moha ke udaya se yA strIupasarga se parAjita hokara akelA bhikSu brahmacarya khaMDita kara sakatA hai / 2. sarpa Adi jAnavara ke kATane se, mUrchA Ane se yA koI Takkara lagane se kahIM girakara par3a sakatA hai / 3. cora, grAmarakSaka Adi pakar3a sakate haiM evaM mArapITa kara sakate haiN| 4. svayaM bhI kahIM bhAga sakatA hai / 5. athavA Ayu samApta ho jAe to usake marane kI bahuta samaya taka kisI ko jAnakArI bhI nahIM ho pAto hai ityAdi kAraNoM se rAtri meM akele bhikSu ko mala tyAgane evaM svAdhyAya karane ke lie upAzraya kI sImA se bAhara nahIM jAnA cAhiye / upAzraya kI sImA meM jAne para ukta
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________________ prayama uddezaka] [153 doSoM kI sambhAvanA prAyaH nahIM rahatI hai / kyoMki vahAM to anya sAdhuoM kA jAnA-pAnA banA rahatA hai evaM koI AvAja hone para bhI sunI jA sakatI hai| sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA adhika ho aura makAna choTA ho athavA upAzraya meM asvAdhyAya kA koI kAraNa ho jAe to rAtri meM svAdhyAya ke liye anyatra gamanAgamana kiyA jAtA hai, anyathA rAtri meM IryA kA kAla na hone se gamanAgamana karane kA niSedha hI hai| upAzraya kI yAcanA karate samaya hI usake mala-mUtra tyAgane kI bhUmi se sampanna hone kA avazya dhyAna rakhanA cAhie, aisA AcA. zra. 2, a. 2, u. 2. meM tathA dazava. a.8, gA. 52 meM vidhAna hai| mala-mUtra Adi zarIra ke svAbhAvika vegoM ko rokA nahIM jA sakatA hai isalie rAtri meM bhI kisI sAdhu ko bAhara jAnA par3atA hai / bhASyakAra ne batAyA hai ki yadi sAdhu bhayabhIta hone vAlA na ho evaM uparyukta doSoM kI sambhAvanA na ho to sAtha ke sAdhuoM ko sUcita karake sAvadhAnI rakhate hue akelA bhI jA sakatA hai| do sAdhu haiM aura eka bImAra hai athavA tIna sAdhu haiM, eka bImAra hai aura eka ko usakI sevA meM baiThanA Avazyaka hai to use sUcita karake sAvadhAnI rakhate hue akelA bhI jA sakatA hai| aneka kAraNoM se athavA abhigraha, paDimA Adi dhAraNa karane se ekAkI vicaraNa karane vAle bhI kabhI rAtri meM bAhara jAnA Avazyaka ho to sAvadhAnI rakhakara jA sakate haiN| kintu utsargavidhi se sUtra meM kahe anusAra eka yA do sAdhuoM ko sAtha meM lekara hI jAnA cAhie / eka se adhika sAdhuoM ko sAtha le jAne kA kAraNa yaha hai ki kahIM atyadhika bhayajanaka sthAna hote haiN| sAdhvI ko to dina meM bhI gocarI Adi kahIM bhI akele jAne kA niSedha hI hai| ata: rAtri meM to isakA dhyAna rakhanA adhika Avazyaka hai| do se adhika sAdhviyoM ke jAne kA arthAt tIna yA cAra ke jAne kA kAraNa kevala bhayajanaka sthiti yA bhayabhIta hone kI prakRti hI samajhanA caahiye| zeSa vivecana bhikSu sambandhI vivecana ke samAna hI samajhanA caahie| kintu sAdhviyoM ko kisI prakAra ke apavAda meM bhI akele jAnA ucita nahIM hai, ataH koI vizeSa paristhiti ho to zrAvikA yA zrAvaka ko sAtha meM lekara jAnA hI zreyaskara hotA hai| anya kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM sAdhu-sAdhvI uccAramAtraka meM malavisarjana kara prAtaHkAla bhI paraTha sakate haiM evaM yathAyogya prAyazcitta grahaNa kara sakate haiN| AryakSetra meM vicaraNa karane kA vidhAna 48. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggathINa vA-purasthimeNaM jAva aMgamagahAo ettae, dakkhiNeNaM jAva kosambIno ettae, paccatthimeNaM jAva thUNAvisayAo ettae, uttareNaM jAva kuNAlAvisayAo ette| eyAvayAva kappai, eyAvayAva pArie khette / no se kappai eto bahi, teNa paraM jatya nANa-dasaNa-carittAI ussappanti / tti bemi| 48. nirgranthoM ko aura nirgranthiyoM ko pUrva dizA meM aMga-magadha taka, dakSiNa dizA meM kozAmbI taka, pazcima dizA meM sthUNA deza taka aura uttara dizA meM kuNAla deza taka jAnA kalpatA hai / itanA hI prAryakSetra hai| isase bAhara jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| taduparAnta jahAM jJAna, darzana evaM cAritra kI vRddhi hotI ho vahAM vicaraNa kare /
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________________ 154] [bRhatkalpasUtra vivecana-isa bharatakSetra ke sADhe paccIsa prAryadeza prajJApanAsUtra ke prathama pada meM batAye haiN| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM 1. magadha, 2. aMga, 3. baMga, 4. kaliMga, 5. kAzI, 6. kauzala, 7. kuru, 8. saurya, 9. pAMcAla, 10. jAMgala, 11. saurASTra, 12. videha, 13. vatsa, 14. saMDibbha, 15. malaya, 16. vaccha, 17. accha, 18. dazArNa, 19. cedi, 20. sindhu-sauvIra, 21. sUrasena, 22. bhRga 23. kuNAla, 24. koTivarSa, 25. lADha aura kekaya ardha / prakRta sUtra meM inakI sImA rUpa se, pUrva dizA meM- aMgadeza (jisakI rAjadhAnI campA nagarI rahI hai) se magadhadeza (jisakI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha rahI hai) tk| dakSiNa dizA meM vatsadeza (jisakI rAjadhAnI kozAmbI rahI hai) taka / pazcima dizA meMsthUNAdeza tk| uttara dizA meM kuNAla deza (jisakI rAjadhAnI zrAvastI nagarI rahI hai) taka jAne kA vidhAna sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie kiyA gayA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki ina cAroM dizAoM kI sImA ke bhItara hI tIrthaMkaroM ke janma niSkramaNa Adi kI mahimA hotI hai, yahIM para kevalajJAna darzana ko utpanna karane vAle sarvajJa-sarvadarzI tIrthaMkarAdi mahApuruSa dharma kA upadeza dete haiM, yahIM para bhavyajIva pratibodha ko prApta hote haiM aura yahIM para jinavaroM se dharmazravaNa kara apanA saMzaya dUra karate haiN| isake atirikta yahAM para sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko bhakta-pAna evaM upadhi sulabhatA se prApta hotI hai aura yahAM ke zrAvaka jana yA anya loga sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke prAcAra-vicAra ke jJAtA hote haiM / ata: unheM ina pAryakSetroM meM hI vihAra karanA caahie| sUtra meM nizcita zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai ki 'itanA hI Arya kSetra hai aura itanA hI vicaranA kalpatA hai, inake bAhara vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai|' isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki yaha zAzvata pAryakSetra hai / ___ kadAcit koI rAjA Adi kI sat preraNA se anAryakSetra kA janasamudAya Arya svabhAva meM pariNata ho bhI jAe to alpakAlIna parivartana A sakatA hai| usI taraha AryakSetra meM bhI alpakAlIna parivartana hokara janasamadAya anArya svabhAva meM pariNata ho sakatA hai, isI kAraNa se antima satrAMza meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki-'kSetramaryAdA evaM kalpamaryAdA isa prakAra se hote hue bhI jaba jahAM vicaraNa karane se saMyama guNoM kA vikAsa ho vahIM vicaraNa karanA caahie|' kyoMki kabhI anAryakSetra meM kisI ke saMyamaguNoM kI vRddhi evaM jinazAsana ko prabhAvanA ho sakatI hai aura kabhI kahIM prAryakSetra meM bhI saMyamaguNoM kI hAni ho sakatI hai| isalie sUtra meM kSetrasImA kA kathana karake saMyamavaddhi kA lakSya rakhakara vicarane kA vizeSa vidhAna kiyA hai| bhASya aura TIkA meM batAyA gayA hai ki saMprati rAjA kI preraNA evaM prayatnoM se anAryakSetra meM bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI vicarane lage the| AryakSetra meM bhI jahAM lambe mArga hoM, lambI aTavI ho, jinako pAra karane meM aneka dina lagate hoM to una kSetroM meM vicaraNa karane kA AcA. zru. 2, a. 3 meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura unameM vicaraNa karane se hone vAle doSoM kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI kiyA hai, ataH prAryakSetra ke bhI aise vibhAgoM meM sAdhusAdhvI ko nahIM jAnA caahie|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] 155 isa sUtra se evaM prAcArAMgasUtra se yaha nirNaya ho jAtA hai ki saMyamonnati kA mukhya lakSya rakhate hue evaM apanI kSamatA kA dhyAna rakhate hue kisI bhI kSetra meM vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu sAmAnyatayA AryakSetra se bAhara vicaraNa karane kA niSedha hI samajhanA caahie| __ sUtra meM prAryakSetra ke cAroM dizAoM ke kinAre para Ae dezoM ke nAma kahe gae haiM, kintu dakSiNa dizA meM kaccha deza na kahakara vahAM kI prasiddha nagarI 'kosambI' kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / thUNA deza kA nAma evaM usakI mukhya nagarI kA nAma uparyukta paccIsa prAryakSetroM meM nahIM hai, isakA kAraNa nAmoM kI anekatA yA bhinnatA honA hI hai| prathama uddezaka kA sArAMza vanaspati ke mUla se lekara bIja paryanta dasa vibhAgoM meM jitane khAne yogya vibhAga haiM ve acitta hone para grahaNa kiye jA sakate haiM, kintu sAdhvI kanda, mUla, phala Adi ke pravidhi se kie gae bar3e-bar3e Tukar3e acitta hone para bhI grahaNa nahIM kara sakatI hai| grAma, nagara Adi meM eka mAsa rahanA kalpatA hai| yadi usake upanagara Adi hoM to unameM alaga-alaga aneka mAsakalpa taka ThaharA jA sakatA hai, kintu jahAM rahe vahIM bhikSA ke liye bhramaNa karanA cAhie, anya upanagaroM meM nhiiN| 10-11 eka parikSepa evaM eka gamanAgamana ke mArga vAle prAmAdi meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ko eka kAla meM nahIM rahanA cAhie, kintu usameM aneka mArga yA dvAra hoM to ve eka kAla meM bhI raha sakate haiN| 12-13 puruSoM ke atyadhika gamanAgamana vAle tirAhe, caurAhe yA bAjAra Adi meM bane hue upAzrayoM meM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie, kintu sAghu una upAzrayoM meM Thahara sakate haiN| 14-15 dvAra-rahita sthAna meM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, paristhitivaza yadi ThaharanA par3e to pardA lagAkara dvAra ko banda kara lenA caahie| kintu aise sthAnoM para bhikSu Thahara sakate haiN| 16-17 surAhI ke AkAra kA prazravaNa-mAtraka sAdhvI rakha sakatI hai, kintu sAdhu nahIM rakha sakatA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko vastra kI cilamilikA (maccharadAnI) rakhanA kalpatA hai| pAnI ke kinAre sAdhu-sAdhvI ko baiThanA Adi kriyAeM nahIM karanI caahie| 20-21 citroM se yukta makAna meM nahIM ThaharanA caahie| sAdhviyoM ko zayyAtara ke saMrakSaNa meM hI ThaharanA cAhie, kintu bhikSu binA saMrakSaNa ke bhI Thahara sakatA hai| 22-24
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________________ 156] [bRhatkalpasUtra sUtra 25-29 30-31 32-33 38.41 strI-puruSoM ke nivAsa se rahita makAna meM hI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko ThaharanA cAhie / kevala puruSoM ke nivAsa vAle makAna meM bhikSu aura kevala striyoM ke nivAsa vAle makAna meM sAdhviyAM Thahara sakatI haiN| dravya yA bhAvapratibaddha upAzraya meM bhikSu ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kadAcit sAdhviyAM raha sakatI haiN| pratibaddhamArga vAle upAzraya meM bhikSu ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai, sAdhviyAM kadAcit raha sakatI haiN| kisI ke sAtha kleza ho jAe to usake upazAnta na hone para bhI svayaM ko sarvathA upazAnta honA atyanta Avazyaka hai| anyathA saMyama kI ArAdhanA nahIM hotI hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko cAturmAsa meM eka sthAna para hI rahanA cAhiye tathA hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM zakti ke anusAra vicaraNa karate rahanA caahie| jina rAjyoM meM paraspara virodha cala rahA ho vahAM bArambAra gamanAgamana nahIM karanA caahie| sAdhu yA sAdhviyAM gocarI Adi ke liye gaye hoM aura vahAM koI vastrAdi lene ke lie kahe to prAcAryAdi kI svIkRti kI zarta rakhakara hI grahaNa kre| yadi ve svIkRti deM to rakheM, anyathA lauTA deveM / sAdhu-sAdhviyAM rAtri meM AhAra, vastra, pAtra, zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa na kreN| kabhI vizeSa paristhiti meM zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA curAye gaye vastra, pAtrAdi koI punaH lAkara de to unheM rAtri meM bhI grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| rAtri meM yA vikAla meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vihAra nahIM karanA cAhie tathA dUra kSetra meM hone vAlA saMkhaDI meM AhAra grahaNa karane ke liye bhI rAtri meM nahIM jAnA caahiye| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko rAtri meM uccAra-prazravaNa yA svAdhyAya ke liye upAzraya se kucha dUra akele nahIM jAnA cAhie, kintu do yA tIna-cAra ko sAtha lekara jA sakate haiM / cAroM dizAoM meM jo prAryakSetroM kI sImA sUtra meM batAI gaI hai, usake bhItara hI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vicaranA caahie| kintu saMyama kI unnati ke lie vivekapUrvaka kisI bhI yogya kSetra meM vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / 42-43 44-45 46-47 48 upasaMhAra sUtra 1-5 isa uddezaka meMvanaspati vibhAgoM ke (tAla-pralamba ke) aneka khAdya padArthoM ke kalpyAkalpya kA, kalpakAla kI maryAdA kA, eka kAla meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke rahane ke yogyAyogya prAmAdi kA, 10-11
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [157 34 sUtra 12-15, 20, 21, 25-33 aneka prakAra ke kalpyAkalpya upAzrayoM kA, 16-17 ghaTImAtraka ke (miTTI kI ghaTikA kI AkRti vAle mAtraka ke) kalpyAkalpya kA, 18 cilamilikA (maccharadAnI) rakhane kA, jala ke kinAre khar3e rahanA Adi kA, 22-24 zayyAtara kA saMrakSaNa grahaNa karane-na karane kA, kleza ko pUrNataH upazAnta karane kA, 35-36, 48 vicaraNa kAla kA evaM vicaraNa ke kSetroM kI maryAdA kA, 37 virodhI rAjyoM ke bIca gamanAgamana na karane kA, 38-41 gocarI Adi ke liye gaye hue sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vastrAdi lene kI vidhi kA, 42-43 rAtri meM AhArAdi grahaNa na karane kA, 44 rAtri meM vihAra na karane kA, 45 rAtri meM dUravartI saMkhaDi (jImanavAra) ke liye na jAne kA, rAtri meM upAzraya kI sImA ke bAhara akele na jAne, ityAdi bhinna-bhinna viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ||prthm uddezaka samApta /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka dhAnyayukta upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha 1. uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe 1. sAlINi vA, 2. vIhINi vA, 3. muggANi vA, 4. mAsANi vA, 5. tilANi vA, 6. kulatthANi vA, 7. godhUmANi vA, 8. javANi vA, 9. javajavANi vA, ukkhittANi vA, vikkhittANi vA, viigiNNANi vA, vippANNANi vA no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA ahAlaMdamavi vtthe| 2. aha puNa evaM jANejjA-no ukkhittAI, no vikkhitAI, no viikiNNAI, no vippinnnnaaii| rAsikaDANi vA, puMjakaDANi vA, bhittikANi vA, kuliyAkaDANi vA, laMchiyANi vA, muddiyANi vA, pihiyANi vaa|| kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA hemanta-gimhAsu vatthae / 3. aha puNa evaM jANejjA--no rAsikaDAI, no puMjakaDAI, no bhittikaDAI, no kuliyaakddaaii| koTTAuttANi vA, pallAuttANi vA, maMcAuttANi vA, mAlAuttANi vA, olittANi vA, vilittANi vA, pihiyANi vA, laMchiyANi vA, muddiyANi vaa| kappA niggaMdhANa vA, niggaMthoNa vA vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 1. upAzraya ke bhItarI bhAga (sImA) meM 1. zAli, 2. vrIhi, 3. mUga, 4. ur3ada, 5. tila, 6. kulatha, 7. gehUM, 8. jo yA 9. jvAra avyavasthita rakhe hoM yA jagaha-jagaha rakhe hoM, yA bikhare hue hoM yA atyadhika bikhare hue hoM to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' taka bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. yadi yaha jAne ki (upAzraya meM zAli yAvat jvAra) utkSipta, vikSipta, vyatikIrNa aura viprakIrNa nahIM haiM, ___kintu rAzIkRta, pujakRta, bhittikRta, kulikAkRta, lAMchita, mudrita yA pihita haiM to inheM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM vahAM rahanA kalpatA hai| 3. yadi yaha jAne ki (upAzraya ke bhItara zAli yAvat jvAra) rAzikRta, pujIkRta, bhittikRta yA kulikAkRta nahIM haiM, kintu koThe meM yA palya meM bhare hue haiM, maMca para yA mAle para surakSita haiM, miTTI yA gobara se lipe hue haiM, DhaMke hue, cihna kiye hue yA muhara lage hue haiM to unheM vahAM varSAvAsa meM rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-prastuta sUtroM meM dhAnya rakhe hue makAnoM kI tIna sthitiyoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| prathama sthiti hai--jisa makAna meM sarvatra dhAnya bikharA huA ho, vaha makAna pUrNatayA akalpanIya hotA
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka [159 hai / dUsarI sthiti hai--jisa makAna meM dhAnya vyavasthita rakhA huA hai usameM hemanta yA grISma Rtu meM vicaraNa karate hue ThaharA jA sakatA hai| tIsarI sthiti hai-jisa makAna meM dhAnya sarvathA vyavasthita rakhA huA ho vahAM cAturmAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai / prathama sUtra meM prayukta 'yathAlaMdakAla' kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai-- gAhA-tivihaM ca prahAlaMdaM, jahannayaM majjhimaM ca ukkosaM / udaullaM ca jahaNNaM, paNagaM puNa hoi ukkosaM // --bRha. bhASya 3303 yathAlanda nAma kAla vizeSa kA hai| vaha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai--1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama, 3. utkRSTa / gIle hAtha kI rekhA ke sUkhane meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, utane samaya ko jaghanya yathAlandakAla kahate haiN| pAMca dina-rAta ko utkRSTa yathAlandakAla kahate haiN| bRhatkalpa sUtra udde. 3 meM tathA uvavAIsUtra meM isase 29 dina grahaNa kiye gaye haiM aura ina donoM ke madhyavartI kAla ko madhyama yathAlandakAla kahate haiN| jisa upAzraya meM pUrvokta prakAra se koI bhI dhAnya bikhare hue par3e hoM vahAM para jaghanya yathAlandakAla bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kyoMki unake Upara se jAne-Ane meM sacitta bIjoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai aura dhAnyoM para calate hue kabhI phisalakara girane se Atma-virAdhanA bhI sambhava hai, ataH sAdhusAdhviyoM ko vahAM kSaNabhara bhI nahIM ThaharanA caahie| kadAcit prayatna karane para bhI anya upAzraya na mile to rajoharaNAdi se pramArjana karake yatanApUrvaka vahAM para ThaharA jA sakatA hai| phira usakA yathAyogya prAyazcitta svIkAra kara lenA caahie| __ makAna ke jisa vibhAga meM sAdhu ko ThaharanA ho yA gamanAgamana karanA ho usake liye yahAM 'aMtovagaDAe' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| dUsare sUtra meM nirdiSTa zAli, vrIhi Adi dhAnya makAna meM bikhare hue nahIM haiM, kintu unakI golAkAra rAzi banI huI hai, lambI rAzi banI huI hai, bhitti ke sahAre rakhe hue haiM, kulikA-miTTI se bane gola yA caukora pAtra meM rakhe hue haiM, ekatra karake bhasma (rAkha) Adi se lAMchita (cihnita) kiye hue haiM, gobara Adi se mudrita (limpita) haiM, bAMsa se banI caTAI, TokarI yA thAlI vastra Adi se pihita-DhaMke hue haiM to zIta evaM grISmakAla meM apane kalpa ke anusAra vaise makAna meM sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko ThaharanA kalpatA hai, kintu varSAkAla meM vaise makAna meM ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai / tIsare sUtra meM nirdiSTa zAli, vrIhi Adi dhAnya makAna kI sImA ke bhItara rAzi rUpa meM yA bhitti Adi ke sahAre nahIM rakhe haiM, kintu kisI koThA yA koThI ke bhItara acchI taraha se surakSita rakhe hue haiM / yathA--- palyAgupta-kATha, vaMza-dala Adi se nirmita aura gobara-miTTI Adi se lipe hue golAkAra
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________________ 160] [bRhatkalpasUtra banAye gaye dhAnya rakhane ke pAtra-vizeSa ko palya kahate haiN| aise palya ke bhItara surakSita rakhe hue dhAnya ko 'palyAgupta' kahate haiN| maMcAgupta-tIna yA cAra khambhoM ke Upara banAye gaye macAna para bAMsa kI khapacciyoM se nirmita golAkAra aura cAroM ora se gobara-miTTI se lipta aise maMca meM surakSita rakhe gaye dhAnya ko 'maMcAgupta' kahate haiN| mAlAgupta--makAna ke Upara ko maMjila ke dvAra Adi ko acchI taraha banda karake rakhe gaye dhAnya ko 'mAlAgupta' kahate haiN| ina sthAnoM meM dhAnya ko rakha kara use miTTI se chAba diyA gayA hai, gobara se lIpA gayA hai, DhaMkA huA hai, cihnita kiyA gayA hai aura mUda diyA gayA hai, jisake bhItara rakhA gayA dhAnya svayaM bAhara nahIM nikala sakatA hai aura varSAkAla meM jisake bAhara nikAle jAne kI saMbhAvanA bhI nahIM hai, aise makAna meM sAdhu yA sAdhviyAM caumAse meM Thahara sakate haiM; kintu bhASyakAra kahate haiM ki ukta prakAra ke makAnoM meM Thaharane kA vidhAna kevala gItArtha sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ke lie hI hai, agItArtha sAdhusAdhviyoM ke liye nahIM hai tathA anya sthAna na milane para hI aise sthAna meM Thaharane kA vidhAna hai| agItArtha sAdhu gItArtha sAdhu ke netRtva meM raha sakate haiM, aisA samajhanA caahie| surAyukta makAna meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha va prAyazcitta 4. uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe surA-viyaDa-kumbhe vA sovIra-viyaDa-kumbhe vA uvanikkhitte siyA, no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA ahAlaMdamavi vtthe| harasthA ya uvassayaM paDilehamANe no labhejjA, evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAno vA durAyAno vA ytthe|| je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai, se santarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 4. upAzraya ke bhItara surA aura sauvIra se bhare kumbha rakhe hue hoM to nirgranthoM aura nimranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kadAcit gaveSaNA karane para anya upAzraya na mile to ukta upAzraya meM eka yA do rAta rahanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka yA do rAtri se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| jo vahAM eka yA do rAta se adhika rahatA hai, vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSA-cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana-cAvala prAdi kI pIThI se jo madirA banAyI jAtI hai vaha 'surA' kahI jAtI hai aura dAkha-khajUra Adi se jo madya banAyA jAtA hai vaha 'sauvIra madya' kahA jAtA hai| ye donoM hI prakAra ke madya jisa sthAna para ghar3oM meM rakhe hue hoM, aise sthAna para agItArtha sAdhu-sAdhvI ko yathAlandakAla bhI nahIM rahanA caahie| yadi rahatA hai to vaha laghucaumAsI prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai / kyoMki aise sthAna meM Thaharane para kabhI koI sAdhu surApAna kara sakatA hai, jisase aneka doSa honA sambhava haiM aura vahAM Thaharane para janasAdhAraNa ko zaMkA bhI utpanna ho sakatI hai|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [161 Ayazcitta anya sthAna ke na milane para vahAM eka rAta vizrAma kiyA jA sakatA hai| adhika Avazyaka ho to do rAtri bhI vizrAma kiyA jA sakatA hai / yaha prApavAdika vidhAna gItArthoM ke liye hai athavA gItArtha ke netRtva meM agItArthoM ke liye bhI hai| do rAtri se adhika rahane para sUtrokta maryAdA kA ullaMghana hotA hai aura usakA tapa yA cheda rUpa prAyazcitta AtA hai| 'se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vA' isa sUtrAMza kI TIkA isa prakAra hai 'se-tasya saMyatasya, 'svAMtarAt' svasvakRtaM yadantaraM-trirAtra-catuHrAtrAdi kAlaM pravasthAnarUpaM, tasmAt, 'chedo vA'-paMca rAtri vivAdiH, 'parihAro vA'-mAsalaghukAditapovizeSo bhavati iti suutraarthH| isa TIkA kA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki usa saMyata ke dvArA tIna cAra Adi dinoM ke avasthAna rUpa kie hue apane doSa ke kAraNa use tapa rUpa yA cheda rUpa yathocita prAyazcitta prAtA hai| kintu se saMtarA' zabda kA jitane dina rahe utane hI dina kA prAyazcitta Ave aisA artha karanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki TIkAkAra ne aisA artha kahIM bhI nahIM kiyA hai| ataH TIkAkArasammata artha hI karanA caahie| jalayukta upAzraya meM rahane kA vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta 5. uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe sonovaga-viyaDakumbhe vA usiNodaga-viyaDakumbhe vA uvanikkhitte siyA, no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA ahAlaMdamavi vtthe| huratthA ya uvassayaM paDilehamANe no labhejjA, evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappA paraM egarAyAno vA durAyAo vA vatthae / je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM basai, se santarA chee yA parihAre thaa| 5. upAzraya ke bhItara acitta zItala jala yA uSNa jala ke bhare hue kumbha rakhe hoM to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kadAcit gaveSaNA karane para bhI anya upAzraya na mile to ukta upAzraya meM eka yA do rAta rahanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka yA do rAtri se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo vahAM eka yA do rAta se adhika rahatA hai vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSA-cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| _ vivecana-agni para ubAlane se yA kSAra Adi padArthoM se jisake varNAdi kA parivartana ho gayA hai aise prAsuka ThaNDe jala ke bhare hue ghar3e ko zItodakavikRtakumbha kahate haiN| isI prakAra prAsuka uSNa jala ke bhare hue ghar3e ko uSNodakavikRtakumbha kahate haiN| jisa upAzraya meM aise (eka yA donoM hI prakAra ke) jala se bhare ghar3e rakhe hoM, vahAM para sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko 'yathAlandakAla' bhI nahIM rahanA cAhie / vizeSa vivecana pUrva sUtra ke anusAra samajha lenA caahie|
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________________ 162] [bahatkalpasUtra prastuta sUtra meM sacitta pAnI kA kathana na hokara acitta pAno kA kathana hai| isakA tAtparya yahI hai ki sAdhu ke dvArA acitta pAnI kA sahaja hI upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| sacitta pAnI kA sAdhu dvArA pInA sahaja sambhava nahIM hai / acitta jala yukta sthAna meM Thaharane para kisI bhikSa ko rAtri meM pyAsa laga jAe, usa samaya vaha yadi usa jala ko pI le to usakA rAtribhojanaviramaNavata khaMDita ho jAtA hai, ataH aise zaMkA ke sthAnoM meM Thaharane kA niSedha kiyA hai| sUtra meM zItala evaM uSNa jala ke sAtha 'viyaDa' zabda kA prayoga hai, anya AgamoM meM yaha bhinnabhinna artha meM evaM vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM prayukta hai| isa viSaya kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye nizItha u. 19 sUtra 1-7 kA vivecana dekheN| agni yA dIpaka yukta upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta 6. uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe, sambarAie joI ziyAejjA, no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA prahAlaMdamavi vtthe| huratthA ya uvassayaM paDilehamANe no labhejjA, evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA vatthae / je tattha egarAyAno vA durAyAno vA paraM vasai, se santarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 7. ubassayassa aMtoyagaDAe, savvarAie paIve dipajjA, no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA ahAlaMdamavi vtthe| huratthA ya uvassayaM paDilehamANe no labhejjA, evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA vathae / je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM ksai, se santarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 6. upAzraya ke bhItara sArI rAta agni jale to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kadAcit gaveSaNA karane para bhI anya upAzraya na mile to ukta upAzraya meM eka yA do rAta rahanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka yA do rAtri se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo vahAM eka yA do rAta se adhika rahatA hai, vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSA-cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai / 7. upAzraya ke bhItara sArI rAta dIpaka jale to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kadAcit gaveSaNA karane para bhI anya upAzraya na mile to ukta upAzraya meM eka yA do rAta rahanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka yA do rAtri se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [163 jo vahAM eka yA do rAta se adhika rahatA hai vaha marmAdA ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSA-cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana-jisa makAna meM sArI rAta yA dina-rAta agni jalatI hai, usa (kumbhakArazAlA yA lohArazAlA Adi) meM bhikSu ko ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi Thaharane ke sthAna meM evaM gamanAgamana ke mArga meM agni nahIM jalatI ho, kintu anyatra kahIM bhI jalatI ho to vahAM ThaharanA kalpatA hai / isI prakAra sampUrNa rAtri yA dina-rAta jahAM dIpaka jalatA hai, vaha sthAna bhI akalpanIya hai| agni yA dIpaka yukta sthAna meM Thaharane ke doSa-- 1. agni ke yA dIpaka ke nikaTa se gamanAgamana karane meM agnikAya ke jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai| 2. havA se koI upakaraNa agni meM par3akara jala sakatA hai| 3. dIpaka ke kAraNa Ane vAle trasa jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai| 4. zItanivAraNa karane kA saMkalpa utpanna ho sakatA hai| AcA. zru. 2, a. 2, u. 3 meM bhI agniyukta sthAna meM Thaharane kA niSedha hai evaM nizItha u. 16 meM isakA prAyazcitta vidhAna hai| ina prAgamasthaloM meM alpakAlIna agni yA dIpaka kA niSedha nahIM kiyA hai, kintu isI sUtra ke prathama uddezaka meM puruSa sAgArika upAzraya meM sAdhu ko evaM strI sAgArika upAzraya meM sAdhvI ko Thaharane kA vidhAna hai| jahAM agni yA dIpaka jalane kI sambhAvanA bhI rahatI hai / ataH ina sUtroM se sampUrNa rAtri agni jalane vAle sthAnoM kA niSedha samajhanA caahie| anya vivecana pUrva sUtra ke samAna samajhanA cAhie / khAdyapadArthayukta makAna meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta 8. uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe piNDae vA, loyae thA, khIraM vA, dahi vA, navaNIyaM vA, sappi vA, telle vA, phANiyaM vA, pUrva vA, sakkulI vA, sihariNI vA ukkhittANi vA, vikkhittANi vA, viigiNNANi vA, vippaiNNANi vA, no kappai niggaMthANa vA nigaMthINa vA ahAlaMdamavi vtthe| 9. aha puNa evaM jANejjA-no ukkhittAI, no vikkhitAI, no viikiNNAI, no vippinnnnaaii| rAsikaDANi vA, puMjakaDANi bA, bhitikaDANi vA, kuliyAkaDANi vA, laMchiyANi vA, muddiyANi vA, pihiyANi vA kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNaM vA hemaMta-gimhAsu vatthae / 10. aha puNa evaM jANejjA-no rAsikaDAi jAva no kuliyAkaDAyaM, koTTAuttANi vA, pallAuttANi vA, maMcAuttANi vA, mAlAuttANi vA, kubhiuttANi vA, karabhi-uttANi vA, olittANi vA, vilittANi vA, pihiyANi vA, laMchiyANi vA, muddiyANi vA kappai nimgaMthANa bA niggaMthoNa vA vAsAvAsaM vtthe| 8. upAzraya ke bhItara meM piNDarUpa khAdya, locaka-mAvA Adi, dUdha, dahI, navanIta, ghRta, tela,
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________________ 164] [bRhatkalpasUtra gur3a, mAlapue, pUr3I aura zrIkhaNDa-utkSipta, vikSipta, vyatikIrNa aura viprakIrNa ho to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM 'yathAlandakAla' rahanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai / 9. yadi yaha jAne ki (upAzraya meM piNDarUpa khAdya yAvat zrIkhaNDa) utkSipta, vikSipta, vyatikIrNa yA viprakIrNa nahIM hai / kintu rAzIkRta, pujakRta, bhittikRta, kulikAkRta tathA lAMchita mudrita yA pihita hai to nigranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko vahAM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM rahanA kalpatA hai| 10. yadi yaha jAne ki (upAzraya ke bhItara piNDarUpa khAdya yAvat zrIkhaNDa) rAzIkRta yAvat kulikAkRta nahIM hai| kintu koThe meM yA palya meM bhare hue haiM, maMca para yA mAle para surakSita haiM, kumbhI yA bodhI meM dhare hue haiM, miTTI yA gobara se lipta haiM, DhaMke hue, cihna kiye hue haiM yA muhara lage hue haiM to unheM vahAM varSAvAsa rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-sUtra 1-3 meM dhAnyayukta upAzraya makAna kA varNana hai aura ina tIna sUtroM meM khAdyapadArthayukta makAna kA varNana hai / dhAnya to bhUmi para bikhare hue ho sakate haiM, kintu ye khAdyapadArtha bartana Adi meM idhara-udhara avyavasthita par3e hote haiN| khAdyapadArthayukta upAzraya meM Thaharane para lagane vAle doSa 1. khAdya padArthoM vAle makAna meM kIr3iyoM kI utpatti jyAdA hotI hai| 2. cUhe billI Adi bhI bhramaNa karate haiN| 3. asAvadhAnI se pazu-pakSI pAkara khA sakate haiN| 4. unheM khAte hue rokane evaM haTAne meM antarAya doSa lagatA hai evaM na haTAne para makAna kA svAmI ruSTa ho sakatA hai athavA sAdhu ke hI khAne kI AzaMkA kara sakatA hai| 5. kabhI koI kSudhAtura yA rasAsakta bhikSu kA mana khAne ke liye calita ho sakatA hai evaM khA lene para adatta doSa lagatA hai| 6. khAdya padArthoM kI sugandha yA durgandha se aneka zubhAzubha saMkalpa ho sakate haiM, jisase karmabandha hotA hai| anya vivecana sUtra 1-3 ke samAna samajhanA cAhiye / sAdhu-sAdhvI ke dharmazAlA Adi meM Thaharane kA vidhi-niSedha 11. no kappai niggaMthoNaM ahe prAgamaNagihaMsi vA, viyaDagihaMsi vA, vaMsImUlaMsi vA, rukkhamUlaMsi vA, abhAvagAsiyaMsi vA vtthe| 12. kappai niggaMthANaM ahe prAgamaNagihaMsi bA, viyaDagihaMsi vA, vasImUlaMsi vA, rukkhamUlaMsi vA, abbhAvagAsiyaMsi vA vasthae / 11. nirgranthiyoM ko prAgamanagRha meM, cAroM ora se khule ghara meM, chappara ke nIce athavA bAMsa ko jAlo yukta gRha meM, vRkSa ke nIce yA AkAza ke nIce (khule sthAnoM meM) rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka [165 12. nirgranthoM ko AgamanagRha (dharmazAlA) meM, cAroM ora se khule ghara meM, chappara ke nIce athavA bAMsa ko jAlI yukta gRha meM, vRkSa ke nIce yA AkAza ke nIce (khule sthAnoM meM) rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana--1. AgamanagRha-jahAM para pathikoM kA AnA-jAnA ho aise devAlaya, sabhA, dharmazAlA, sarAya yA musAphirakhAnA Adi ko 'pAgamanagRha' kahate haiN| ___2. vivRtagRha-kevala Upara se DhaMke hue aura do, tIna yA cAroM ora se khule sthAna ko 'vivRtagRha' kahate haiN| 3. vaMzImUla-bAMsa kI caTAI prAdi se Upara kI ora se DhaMke aura Age kI ora se khale aise dAlAna, prosArA, chaparI Adi ko vaMzImUla kahate haiN| athavA cautarapha bAMsa kI jAlI se yukta sthAna ko 'vaMzImUla' kahate haiN| 4. vRkSamUla-vRkSa ke tala bhAga ko 'vRkSamUla' kahate haiN| 5. abhrAvakAza khule AkAza ko yA jisakA adhikAMza UparI bhAga khulA ho aise sthAna ko 'prabhAvakAza' kahate haiN| aise sthAna para sAdhviyoM ko kisI bhI Rtu meM nahIM ThaharanA cAhie kyoMki ye pUrNataH asurakSita sthAna haiN| aise sthAnoM para Thaharane se brahmacarya vrata bhaMga hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| vihAra karate samaya kabhI sUryAsta kA samaya A jAe aura yogya sthAna na mile to sAdhvI ko sUryAsta ke bAda bhI yogya sthAna meM pahu~canA atyanta Avazyaka hotA hai| sAdhuoM ko aise sthAna meM Thaharane kA sUtra meM jo vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki puruSoM meM svAbhAvika hI bhayasaMjJA alpa hotI hai tathA brahmacarya rakSA ke liye bhI unheM surakSita sthAna kI itanI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| sAmAnya sthiti meM to sthavirakalpI bhikSu ko sUtrokta sthAnoM ke atirikta anya aise sthAnoM meM hI ThaharanA cAhie; jahAM Thaharane para bAla, glAna Adi sabhI bhikSuoM ke saMyama, svAdhyAya, AhAra Adi kA bhalIbhAMti nirvAha ho ske| pUrva sUtra meM 'viyaDa' zabda acitta artha meM prayukta hai aura prastuta sUtra meM gRha ke eka yA aneka dizA meM khule hone ke artha meM prayukta hai / AgamoM meM zabdaprayoga kI yaha vilakSaNa zailI hai| aneka svAmiyoM vAle makAna ko AjJA lene kI vidhi 13. egaM sAgArie paarihaarie| do, tiNNi, cattAri, paMca sAgAriyA paarihaariyaa| ega tattha kappAgaM ThavaittA avasese nivvisejjA / 13. makAna kA eka svAmI pArihArika hotA hai| jisa makAna ke do, tIna, cAra yA pAMca svAmI hoM, vahAM eka ko kalpAka= zayyAtara mAna
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________________ [bRhatkalpasUtra karake zeSa ko zayyAtara nahIM mAnanA cAhie arthAt unake gharoM meM AhArAdi lene ke lie jA sakate haiN| vivecana--agAra ghara kA paryAyavAcI hai| ghara yA vasati ke svAmI ko 'sAgArika' kahate haiM / sAgArika manuSya ko hI zayyAtara, zayyAkara, zayyAdAtA aura zayyAdhara bhI kahate haiN| jo sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko zayyA arthAt Thaharane kA sthAna, vasati yA upAzraya dekara apanI AtmA ko saMsAra-sAgara se tAratA hai, use zayyAtara kahate haiN| zayyA-vasati Adi ko jo banavAtA hai, use zayyAkara kahate haiN| jo sAdhuoM ko Thaharane kA sthAna rUpa zayyA detA hai, use zayyAdAtA kahate haiN| jo vasati yA upAzraya kI chAna-chappara Adi ke dvArA usakA dhAraNa yA saMrakSaNa karatA hai athavA sAdhuoM ko dI gaI zayyA ke dvArA naraka meM jAne se apanI AtmA ko dhAraNa karatA hai, arthAt bacAtA hai, use zayyAdhara kahate haiM / yaha zayyAtara sAgArika jisa sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko Thaharane ke lie vasati yA upAzraya rUpa zayyA de, sAdhu ko usake ghara kA bhakta-pAna grahaNa karane kA Agama meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai, ataH use pArihArika kahate haiN| yadi kisI sthAnaka yA makAna ke aneka (manuSya) svAmI hoM to ve sabhI pArihArika hote haiM, ataH usa sthAna ke sabhI svAmiyoM meM se kisI eka ko 'kalpAka' (zayyAtara) sthApita karake jisase prAjJA prApta kare usake ghara kA bhakta-pAna Adi grahaNa nahIM kre| usake sivAya jitane bhI svAmI usa sthAnaka yA makAna ke bhAgIdAra yA hissedAra haiM, unako zayyAtara rUpa se na mAne arthAt unake gharoM se AhAra-pAnI grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| sUtrokta nivvisejjA' isa prAkRta pada ke TIkAkAra ne do prakAra se artha kiye haiM 1. nivizeta-visarjayet-zayyAtaratvena na gaNayet / athavA--2. nivizet-pravizet AhArArtha teSAM (zeSANAM) gRheSu anuvizet / / isake atirikta bhASyakAra ne zayyA kitane prakAra kI hotI hai, kauna-kauna sAgArika mAne jAe~, sAgArika ke piNDa se bhakta-pAna, vastra, pAtrAdi kA bhI grahaNa abhISTa hai ityAdi aneka jJAtavya bAtoM kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai, jisakA sArAMza nizItha uddezaka 2, sUtra 46 meM diyA gayA hai| jijJAsu pAThaka vahIM dekheN| aneka svAmiyoM meM se eka ko zayyAtara karake phira kucha dina bAda dUsare ko bhI zayyAtarakalpAka banAyA jA sakatA hai| jisase aneka ko zayyAdAna kA evaM AhArAdi dAna kA lAbha prApta ho sakatA hai / yaha bhI isa sUtra se phalita hotA hai| saMsRSTa asaMsRSTa zayyAtarapiMDagrahaNa ke vidhi-niSedha 14. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggathINa vA sAgAriyapiNDaM bahiyA anIhaDaM, asaMsarTsa vA saMsaddhaM vA pddigaahitte|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [167 15. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMyoNa vA sAgAriyapiNDaM bahiyA nohaDaM asaMsaTTha pddigaahitte| 16. kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthINa vA sAgAriyapiNDaM bahiyA nohaDaM saMsadraM paDigAhittae / 17. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA sAgAriyapiNDaM bahiyA nohaDaM-asaMsaThTha saMsaTThe kaaritte| 18. je khalu niggaMtho vA niggaMthI vA sAgAriyapiNDaM bahiyA nIhaDaM asaMsaTTha saMsaTTha kArei kAraMtaM vA sAijjai / se duhao viikkamamANe Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 14. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArikapiNDa (zayyAtarapiNDa) jo ki bAhara nahIM nikAlA gayA hai, vaha cAhe anya kisI ke AhAra meM mizrita kiyA ho yA nahIM kiyA ho to bhI lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 15. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArikapiNDa jo bAhara to nikAlA gayA hai, kintu anya ke AhAra meM mizrita nahIM kiyA gayA hai to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 16. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko sAgArikapiNDa jo ghara ke bAhara bhI le jAyA gayA hai aura anya ke AhAra meM mizrita bhI kara liyA gayA hai to grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| 17. nirgranthoM aura nirganthiyoM ko ghara se bAhara le jAyA gayA sAgArikapiNDa jo anya ke AhAra meM mizrita nahIM kiyA gayA hai, use mizrita karAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| 18. jo nirgrantha yA nirgranthI ghara ke bAhara le jAye gaye evaM anya ke AhAra meM amizrita sAgArikapiNDa ko mizrita karavAtA hai yA karavAne vAle kA anumodana karatA hai, vaha laukika aura lokottara donoM maryAdA kA atikramaNa karatA huA cAturmAsika anudghAtika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana-pUrva sUtra meM aneka svAmiyoM vAle makAna kI prAjJA lene ke sambandha meM evaM zayyA ke AjJAdAtA kA AhAra Adi na lene kA tathA anya svAmiyoM ke gharoM se AhArAdi lene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ina sUtroM meM aneka vyaktiyoM kA AhAra eka sthAna para ekatrita ho evaM unameM zayyAtara kA bhI AhArAdi ho to vaha prAhAra kahAM kisa sthiti meM agrAhya hotA hai aura kaisA grAhya hotA hai ityAdi vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ___ aneka vyaktiyoM kA saMyukta AhArasthAna yadi zayyAtara ke ghara kI sImA meM ho aura vahAM zayyAtara kA AhAra alaga par3A ho athavA saba ke AhAra meM milA diyA gayA ho to bhI sAdhu ko grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yaha prathama sUtra kA prAzaya hai| aneka vyaktiyoM kA sammilita AhAra zayyAtara ke ghara kI sImA se bAhara ho evaM vahAM zayyAtara kA pAhAra alaga rakhA ho to usameM se lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / yaha dUsare sUtra kA Azaya hai|
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________________ 168] [bRhatkalpasUtra kintu anya sabhI ke sammilita AhAra meM zayyAtara kA aAhAra mizrita kara diyA gayA ho aura jisa hetu se AhAra sammilita kiyA gayA ho una devatAoM kA naivedya nikAla diyA gayA ho, brAhmaNa Adi ko jitanA denA hai utanA de diyA gayA ho, usake bAda bhikSu lenA cAhe to le sakatA hai| kyoMki aba usa AhAra meM zayyAtara ke AhAra kA alaga astitva bhI nahIM hai evaM usakA svAmitva bhI nahIM rahA hai ataH usa mizrita evaM parizeSa AhAra meM se bhikSu ko grahaNa karane meM zayyAtarapiNDagrahaNa kA doSa nahIM lagatA hai / yaha tIsare sUtra kA Azaya hai / vihAra prAdi kisI bhI kAraNa se ukta asaMsRSTa AhAra ko grahaNa karane hetu saMsRSTa karavAnA bhikSu ko nahIM kalpatA hai / yaha cauthe sUtra kA prAzaya hai / ukta asaMsRSTa AhAra Adi ko saMsRSTa karavAnA saMyama-maryAdA se viparIta hai evaM logoM ko bhI aprotikAraka hotA hai| ataH aisA karane para bhikSu laukika vyavahAra evaM saMyama-maryAdA kA ullaMghana karane vAlA hotA hai / isalie use prAyazcitta aAtA hai / yaha pAMcaveM sUtra kA prAzaya hai / zayyAtara ke asaMsRSTa AhAra ko yA usake ghara kI sImA meM rahe AhAra ko grahaNa karane para yadi vaha bhadraprakRti vAlA ho to punaH punaH isa nimitta se AhAra dene kA prayAsa kara sakatA hai| yadi vaha tuccha prakRti vAlA ho to ruSTa ho sakatA hai, jisase vadha-baMdhana yA zayyA dene kA niSedha kara sakatA hai / ghara kI sImA se bAhara rahe hue saMsRSTa AhAra meM ukta doSa kI sambhAvanA nahIM hotI hai / ataH grAhya kahA gayA hai| zayyAtara ke ghara Aye yA bheje gaye AhAra ke grahaNa kA vidhi-niSedha 19. sAgAriyassa AhaDiyA sAgArieNa paDiggahiyA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 20. sAgAriyassa AhaDiyA sAgArieNa apaDiggahiyA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 21. sAgAriyassa nIhaDiyA pareNa apaDiggahiyA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 22. sAgAriyassa nohaDiyA pareNa paDiggahiyA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 19. anya ghara se Aye hue AhAra ko sAgArika ne apane ghara para grahaNa kara liyA hai aura vaha usameM se sAdhu ko de to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 20. anya ghara se pAye hue AhAra ko sAgArika ne apane ghara para grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai aura yadi prAhAra lAne vAlA usa AhAra meM se sAdhu ko de to lenA kalpatA hai / 21. sAgArika ke ghara se anya ghara para le jAye gaye pAhAra ko usa gRhasvAmI ne yadi svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai to usa AhAra meM sAdhu ko de to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ [169 dUsarA uddezaka] 22. sAgArika ke ghara se anya ghara le jAye gaye AhAra ko usa gRhasvAmI ne svIkAra kara liyA hai / yadi vaha usa AhAra meM meM sAdhu ko de to lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana--dUsaroM ke ghara se zayyAtara ke ghara para lAI jA rahI khAdyasAmagrI 'pAhatikA' kahI gaI hai aura zayyAtara kI jo khAdyasAmagrI anya ke ghara le jAI jA rahI ho vaha 'nihatikA' kahI gaI hai| aisI zayyAtara sambandhI prAhRtikA evaM nihRtikA sAmagrI sAdhu kisa sthiti meM grahaNa kara sakatA hai, yaha ina cAra sUtroM meM batAyA gayA hai / ye AhRtikA nihatikA kisI tyauhAra yA mahotsava ke nimitta se ho sakatI hai / yadi grAhRtikA yA nihRtikA sAmagrI meM se koI vyakti sAdhu ko grahaNa karane ke lie kahe to zayyAtara kI grAhRtikA kA prAhAra jaba taka zayyAtara ke svAmitva meM nahIM huA hai, taba taka grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| zayyAtara kI nihRtikA kA AhAra dUsare ke grahaNa karane ke bAda usase liyA jA sakatA hai| zayyAtara kI nihatikA bAMTane vAle se pAhAra nahIM liyA jA sakatA hai, kintu zayyAtara kI prAhRtikA bAMTane vAle se usakA AhAra liyA jA sakatA hai|| pUrva sUtra meM zayyAtara kA pAhAra anya aneka logoM ke AhAra ke sAtha alaga yA mizrita zayyAtara ke ghara kI sImA meM yA anyatra kahIM ho, usI kA kathana hai aura ina sUtroM meM zayyAtara ke ghara meM ho yA anyatra ho, zayyAtara kA ho yA anya kA ho, diyA jAne vAlA ho yA liyA jAne vAlA ho, vaha AhAra jaba taka zayyAtara ke svAmitva meM nahIM huA hai yA anya ne apane svAmitva meM le liyA hai to usa pAhAra ko grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura vaha AhAra jaba taka zayyAtara ke svAmitva meM hai yA anya kA lAyA gayA AhAra usane svIkAra kara liyA hai to vaha AhAra sAdha grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA hai ityAdi kathana hai| donoM prakaraNoM meM yaha antara samajhanA caahiye| AhRtikA evaM nihRtikA bAMTane vAlA jahAM ho usa samaya bhikSu bhI sahajarUpa meM vahAM gocarI ke liye bhramaNa karate hue pahuMca jAye aura bAMTane vAlA yA lene vAlA nimantraNa kare isa apekSA se yaha sUtrokta kathana hai, aisA samajhanA caahiye| zayyAtara ke aMzayukta AhAra-grahaNa kA vidhi-niSedha 23. sAgAriyassa aMsiyAno--1. avibhattAno, 2. anvochinnAno, 3. anvogaDAo, 4. anijjUDhAo, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddigaahitte| 24. sAgAriyassa aMsiyAno vibhattAmo, bocchinnAo, bogaDAo, nijjaDhAo tamhA dAvae. evaM se kappaha paDigAhettae / 23. sAgArika tathA anya vyaktiyoM ke saMyukta AhArAdi kA yadi-1. vibhAga nizcita nahIM kiyA gayA ho, 2. vibhAga na kiyA gayA ho, 3. sAgArika kA vibhAga alaga nizcita na kiyA gayA ho, 4. vibhAga bAhara nikAlakara alaga na kara diyA ho, aise AhAra meM se sAdhu ko koI de to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ 170] [mahatkalpasUtra 24. sAgArika ke aMza yukta AhArAdi kA yadi-1. vibhAga nizcita ho, 2. vibhAga kara diyA ho, 3. sAgArika kA vibhAga nizcita kara diyA ho, 4. usa vibhAga ko bAhara nikAla diyA gayA ho to zeSa pAhAra meM se sAdhu ko koI de to lenA kalpatA hai / vivecana-sUtra meM prayukta padoM kA artha isa prakAra hai 1. avibhakta-vibhakta kA artha pRthakkaraNa yA vibhAjana hai, jaba taka sAgArika kA bhAga usa sammilita bhojyasAmagrI meM se pRthaka rUpa se nizcita nahIM kiyA jAya, taba taka vaha 'avibhakta' hai| 2. avyavacchinna-vyucchinna yA vyavacchinna kA artha sambandhaviccheda hai| jaba taka sAgArika ke aMza kA sambandha-viccheda na ho jAya, taba taka vaha 'avyavacchinna' hai| 3. avyAkRta-vyAkRta kA artha bhAga ke spaSTIkaraNa kA hai ki itanA aMza tumhArA hai aura itanA aMza merA hai, jaba taka aisA nirdhAraNa nahIM ho jAya taba taka vaha 'avyAkRta' kahalAtA haiN| 4. ani! Dha--niyUMDha kA artha 'pRthak nirdhArita aMza se alaga karanA' hai / jaba taka sAgArika kA aMza usa sammilita bhojana meM se nikAla na diyA jAya, taba taka vaha 'ani'Dha' kahalAtA hai| isa prakAra pUre sUtra kA samuccaya artha yaha hotA hai ki zayyAtara sahita aneka vyaktiyoM kI khAdyasAmagrI meM se sAgArika kA aMza jaba taka avibhAjita hai, avyavacchinna hai, anirNIta hai aura aniSkAsita hai, taba taka usa bhojana ke AyojakoM meM se yadi koI vyakti sAdhu ko kucha aMza detA hai to vaha unake lie grAhya nahIM hai| kintu jaba sAgArika kA aMza vibhAjita, vyavacchinna, nirdhArita aura niSkAsita ho jAtA hai, taba usa sammilita bhojya-sAmagrI meM se diyA gayA bhakta-piNDa sAdhu ke liye grAhya hai aura vaha use le sakatA hai| yahAM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki aneka janoM ke dvArA sammilita banAye gaye bhojana ke atirikta sammilita taiyAra kiyA gayA gur3a, tela, ghI Adi sabhI isI ke antargata haiN| unameM se bhI jaba taka sAgArika kA bhAga nikAla kara sarvathA pRthak na kara diyA jAve taba taka be padArtha bhI sAdhu ke lie agrAhya hI haiN| pUrva sUtroM meM varNita saMsRSTa asaMsRSTa AhAra meM kisI kA svAmitva nahIM rahatA hai aura na vaha vibhakta hotA hai| kintu prastuta sUtrakathita AhAra meM svAmitva bhI hotA hai, vaha vibhakta hokara zayyAtara ko milane vAlA bhI hotA hai / yaha ina donoM prakaraNoM meM antara hai / zayyAtara ke pUjyajanoM ko diye gaye AhAra ke grahaNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha 25. sAgAriyassa pUyAbhatte uddesie ceie pAhuDiyAe sAgAriyassa uSagaraNajAe nidie nisaTTe pADihArie, taM sAgArio dei, sAgAriyassa parijaNo dei tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahitte| 26. sAgAriyassa pUyAbhatte uddesie ceie pAhuDiyAe, sAgAriyassa uvagaraNajAe nir3hie nisaTTe pADihArie, taM no sAgArio dei, no sAgAriyassa parijaNo dei, sAgAriyassa pUyA dei, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai paDiggAhittae /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [171 27. sAgAriyassa pUyAbhatte uddesie ceie pAhuDiyAe sAgAriyassa uvagaraNajAe nir3hie nisaTTe apADihArie, taM sAgArio dei, sAgAriyassa parijaNo dei, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahitte| 28. sAgAriyassa pUyAbhatte uddesie ceie pAhuDiyAe, sAgAriyassa uvagaraNajAe niTThie, nisaTTe apADihArie, taM no sAgArio dei, no sAgAriyassa parijaNo dei, sAgAriyassa pUyA dei, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai paDiggAhittae / 25. sAgarika ne apane pUjya puruSoM ko sammAnArtha bhojana diyA ho, pUjya puruSoM dvArA vaha AhAra sAgArika ke upakaraNoM meM banAyA gayA ho aura prAtihArika ho, aise AhAra meM se yadi sAgArika de yA usake parijana deM to sAdhu ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 26. sAgArika ne apane pUjya puruSoM ko sammAnArtha bhojana diyA ho, pUjya puruSoM dvArA vaha AhAra sAgArika ke upakaraNoM meM banAyA gayA ho aura prAtihArika ho, aise AhAra meM se na sAgArika de aura na sAgArika ke parijana deM, kintu sAgArika ke pUjya puruSa deM to bhI sAdhu ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 27. sAgArika ne apane pUjya puruSoM ko sammAnArtha bhojana diyA ho, pUjya puruSoM dvArA vaha AhAra sAgArika ke upakaraNoM meM banAyA gayA ho aura apratihArika ho, aise AhAra meM se sAgArika de yA usake parijana deM to sAdhu ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 28. sAgArika ne apane pUjya puruSoM ko sammAnArtha bhojana diyA ho, pUjya puruSoM dvArA vaha AhAra sAgArika ke upakaraNoM meM banavAyA gayA ho aura apratihArika ho, aise AhAra meM se na sAgArika de aura na sAgArika ke parijana deM kintu sAgArika ke pUjya puruSa deM to lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana-zayyAtara ke nAnA, mAmA, bahanoI, jamAI, vidyAguru, kalAcArya, svAmI yA mehamAna Adi pUjya jano ke nimitta se jo bhakta-pAna banAyA jAtA hai, use pUjya-bhakta kahate haiM / vaha zayyAtara ke ghara se lAkara jahAM pUjya jana Thahare hoM vahAM unheM bhojanArtha samarpaNa kiyA gayA ho, bAjAra Adi se maMgAkara pUjya janoM ke pAsa bheMTa rUpa bhejA gayA ho, zayyAtara ke bhAjanoM meM (bartanoM meM) pakAyA gayA ho, usake pAtra se nikAlA gayA ho aura prAtihArika ho arthAt pUjya janoM ko khilAne ke pazcAt jo bhojana bace, vaha vApasa lAkara soMpanA, aisA kahakara sevaka yA kuTumbIjana dvArA bhejA gayA ho, aise sabhI AhAra pUjya-bhakta kahe jAte haiN| isI prakAra sAgArika ke pUjya janoM ke lie banAye gaye yA lAye gaye vastra-pAtra, kambalAdi bhI pUjya upakaraNa kahalAte haiN| aise pUjya jana-nimitta vAle bhakta-piNDa aura upakaraNa ko cAhe zayyAtara svayaM sAdhu ke lie de, usake svajana-parijana deM yA ukta pUjya jana deM to bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ko vaha AhAra Adi lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / kyoMki zeSa AhAra punaH zayyAtara ko lauTAne kA hone se usameM zayyAtara ke svAmitva kA sambandha rahatA hai|
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________________ 172] [bRhatkalpasUtra yadi vaha AhAra pUjya janoM ko aprAtihArika de diyA gayA ho arthAt khAne ke bAda zeSa rahA AhAra zayyAtara ko punaH nahIM lauTAnA ho to vaise AhAra ko grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / yadi usa AhAra ko zayyAtara yA usake parijana deM to nahIM liyA jA sakatA hai, kintu anya pUjya jana Adi deM to liyA jA sakatA hai| ina sUtroM se yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki zayyAtara ke svAmitva se rahita AhAra bhI zayyAtara ke hAtha se yA usake putra, pautra, strI, putravadhU Adi ke hAtha se nahIM liyA jA sakatA hai, kintu vivAhita lar3akiyoM ke hAtha se vaha pAhAra liyA jA sakatA hai / nirgrantha-nirganthI ke lie kalpanIya vastra 29. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-imAiM paMca vatthAI dhArittae vA pariharittae vA, taM jahA-1. jaMgie, 2. bhaMgie, 3. sANae, 4. pottae, 5. tiroDapaTTe nAmaM pNcme| 29. nirgranthoM aura nimranthayoM ko pAMca prakAra ke vastroM ko rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / yathA 1. jAMgamika, 2. bhAMgika, 3. sAnaka, 4. potaka, 5. tirITapaTTaka / vivecana-1. jAMgamika-bher3a Adi ke bAloM se bane vastra ko 'jAMgamika' kahate haiN| 2. bhAMgika-alasI Adi kI chAla se bane vastra ko 'bhAMgika' kahate haiN| 3. zANaka-sana (jUTa) se bane vastroM ko 'zANaka' kahate haiN| 4. potaka-kapAsa se bane vastra ko 'potaka' kahate haiN| 5. tirITapaTTaka-tirITa (timira) vRkSa kI chAla se bane vastra ko 'tirITapaTTaka' kahate haiM / ye pAMca prakAra ke vastra sAdhu ke lie kalpanIya haiM / aisA sUtra-nirdeza hone para bhI bhASyakAra ne inameM se sAdhu-sAdhvI ke lie do sUtI aura eka UnI aise tIna vastroM ko rakhane kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai| jaMgama kA artha trasajIva hai / asajIva do prakAra ke hote haiM-vikalendriya aura paMcendriya / kozA, rezama aura makhamala vikalendriyaprANija vastra haiN| inakA upayoga sAdhu ke lie sarvathA vajita hai, kyoMki ye una prANiyoM kA ghAta karake nikAle gaye dhAgoM se banate haiN| paMcendriyajIvoM ke carma se nirmita vastra bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye niSiddha haiN| kintu unake kezoM se nirmita UnI vastroM kA upayoga sAdhu-sAdhvI kara sakate haiN| kyoMki bher3a Adi ke keza kATane meM una prANiyoM kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai / apitu Una kATane ke bAda unako halkepana kA hI anubhava hotA hai| prAcA. zru. 2, a. 5, u. 1 meM tathA ThANAMga a. 5, u. 3 meM bhI ye vastra kalpanIya batAye haiN| AcArAMgasUtra meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki-'jo bhikSu taruNa svastha evaM samartha ho vaha inameM se eka hI jAti ke vastra rakhe, aneka jAti ke nahIM rakhe / anya sAmAnya bhikSu eka yA aneka jAti ke vastra rakha sakate haiN|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [173 ina pAMca jAti ke vastroM meM se jaba jahAM jo sulabha evaM kalpanIya prApta ho use grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / prAthamikatA sUtI evaM UnI ina do ko hI dI jAnI caahie| nirgrantha-nirgranthI ke lie kalpanIya rajoharaNa 30. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA imAiM paMca rayaharaNAI dhArittae vA parihArittae vA, taM jahA-1. oNNie, 2. uTTie, 3. sANae, 4. baccAcippae, 5. mujacippae nAmaM pNcme| tti bemi| 30. nirgranthoM aura nigraMthiyoM ko ina pAMca prakAra ke rajoharaNoM ko rakhanA aura unakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / yathA 1. auNika, 2. prauSTrika, 3. sAnaka, 4. vaccAcippaka, 5. mujacippaka / vivecana--jisake dvArA dhUli Adi dravya-raja aura karma-malarUpa bhAva-raja dUra kI jAe use 'rajoharaNa' kahate haiN| dravyarajoharaNa-gamanAgamana karate hue pairoM para lagI raja yA makAna meM AI raja isase pramArjana karake dUra ko jAtI hai, ataH yaha 'dravyarajoharaNa' hai| bhAvarajoharaNa-bhUmigata, zarIra yA vastra-zayyAdi para car3he hue kIr3e-makor3e Adi ko kaSTa pahuMcAe binA rajoharaNa se dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai, ata: jIvarakSA kA sAdhana hone se yaha 'bhAvarajoharaNa' hai| yaha rajoharaNa pAMca prakAra kA hotA hai1. auNika-jo bher3a Adi kI Una se banAyA jAe vaha 'pauNika" hai / 2. pauSTrika---jo U~Ta ke kezoM se banAyA jAya vaha 'pauSTrika' hai| 3. zAnaka- jo sana ke valkala se banAyA jAya vaha 'zAnaka' hai| 4. vaccAcippaka vaccA kA artha DAbha yA ghAsa hai, use kUTakara aura karkaza bhAga dUrakara banAye gaye rajoharaNa ko 'baccAcippaka' kahate haiM / / 5. mujacippaka-muMja ko kUTakara tathA usake kaThora bhAga ko dUra karake banAe gae rajoharaNa ___ko 'mujacippaka' kahate haiN| sthAnAMga a. 5, u. 3 meM bhI rajorahaNa ke ye pAMca prakAra kahe haiN| ina pAMcoM meM pUrva-pUrva ke komala hote haiM aura uttara-uttara ke karkaza / ataH sabase komala hone se auNika rajoharaNa hI prazasta yA uttama mAnA gayA hai| usake abhAva meM auSTrika aura usake prabhAva meM zAnaka rajoharaNa kA bhASyakAra ne spaSTa nirdeza kiyA hai| yadi kisI deza-vizeSa meM ukta tInoM hI prakAra ke rajoharaNa upalabdha na hoM to vaisI dazA meM hI vaccAcippaka aura usake bhI abhAva meM mujacippaka rajoharaNa grahaNa karane kA vidhAna hai|
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________________ 174] [bRhatkalpasUtra viparIta krama se rajoharaNa ke grahaNa karane para laghumAsika prAyazcitta kA nirdeza kiyA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ke saMyama kI rakSA ke lie tathA zArIrika raja ko dUra karane ke lie eka rajoharaNa rakhanA Avazyaka hotA hai| dUsare uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1-3 4-7 8-10 11-12 jisa makAna meM dhAnya bikharA huA ho usameM nahIM ThaharanA kintu vyavasthita rAzIkRta ho to mAsakalpa evaM muharabanda ho to pUre cAturmAsa bhI rahA jA sakatA hai| jisa makAna kI sImA meM madya ke ghar3e yA acitta zIta yA uSNa jala ke ghar3e bhare hue par3e hoM athavA agni yA dIpaka sampUrNa rAtri jalate hoM to vahAM sAdhu-sAdhvI ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, kintu anya makAna ke abhAva meM eka yA do rAtri ThaharA jA sakatA hai| jisa makAna kI sImA meM khAdya padArtha ke bartana yatra-tatra par3e hoM vahAM nahIM ThaharanA cAhie kintu eka kinAre para vyavasthita rakhe hoM to mAsakalpa evaM muharabanda hoM to pUre cAturmAsa bhI rahA jA sakatA hai / dharmazAlA evaM asurakSita sthAnoM meM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, kintu anya sthAna ke abhAva meM sAdhu vahA~ Thahara sakate haiN| zayyA ke aneka svAmI hoM to eka kI prAjJA lekara use zayyAtara mAnanA evaM anya ke gharoM se pAhArAdi grahaNa krnaa| zayyAdAtA evaM anya kA grAhAra kisI sthAna para saMgrahIta kiyA gayA ho to zayyAtara ke ghara kI sImA meM aura sImA se bAhara alaga rakhe hue zayyAtara ke AhAra meM se grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu zayyAdAtA ke ghara kI sImA ke bAhara evaM anya saMgRhIta AhAra meM zayyAtara kA hAra milA diyA gayA ho to grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko zayyAdAtA ke alaga rakhe hue AhAra ko anya AhAra meM milavAnA nahIM kalpatA hai evaM aisA karane para use guru cAturmAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai / zayyAdAtA kI prAhRtikA evaM nihatikA kA AhAra usake AdhIna ho taba taka grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| anya ke AdhIna ho taba grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| zayyAtara ke svAmitva vAle aAhArAdi padArthoM meM se jaba zayyAtara ke svAmitva kA aMza pUrNa vibhakta hokara alaga kara diyA jAve taba zeSa AhAra meM se grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai, kintu zayyAtara kA aMza pUrNataH alaga na kiyA ho to usameM se grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 14-16 17-18 19-22 23-24
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [175 sUtra 25-28 zayyAdAtA ke pUjya puruSoM ko sarvathA samarpita kie gae AhAra meM se grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai, kintu 'prAtihArika' diyA gayA ho to usameM se lenA nahIM kalpatA hai tathA vaha AhAra zayyAdAtA ke yA usake pArivArika sadasyoM ke hAtha se lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| sAdhu-sadhviyAM pAMca jAti ke vastra evaM pAMca jAti ke rajoharaNa meM se kisI bhI jAti kA vastra yA rajoharaNa grahaNa kara sakate haiN| 29-30 upasaMhAra 11-12 isa uddezaka meMdhAnya, surA, jala, agni, dIpaka evaM khAdya padArtha yukta makAna ke kalpyAkalpya kA, / sthAnoM ke kalpyAkalpya kA, eka zayyA svAmI kI AjJA lene kA, zayyAtara ke svAmitva vAle AhAra ke kalpyAkalpya kA, kalpanIya vastra evaM rajoharaNa kI jAtiyoM kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / // dvitIya uddezaka samApta // 14-28 29-30
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka nimrantha-nirgranthI ko paraspara upAzraya meM khar3e rahane Adi kA niSedha 1. no kappai nimgaMthANaM, niggaMthoNaM uvassayaMsi-1. ciTTittae vA, 2. nisIittae vA, 3. tuyaTTittae vA, 4. nidAittae vA, 5. payalAittae vA, 6. asaNaM vA, 7. pANaM vA, 8. khAimaM vA, 9. sAimaM vA pAhAraM pAhArittae, 10. uccAraM vA, 11. pAsavaNaM vA, 12. khelaM vA, 13. siMghANaM vA paridRvittae, 14. sajjhAyaM vA karittae, 15. sANaM vA jhAittae, 16. kAusaggaM vA (karittae) tthaaitte| 2. no kampai niggaMthINaM niggaMthANaM uvassayaMsi ciTThittae vA jAva kAussaggaM vA ThAittae / 1. nirgranthoM ko nirgranthiyoM ke upAzraya meM---1. khar3e rahanA, 2. baiThanA, 3. leTanA, 4. nidrA lenA, 5. UMgha lenA, 6. azana, 7. pAna, 8. khAdima, 9. svAdima kA AhAra karanA, 10. mala, 11. mUtra, 12. kapha aura, 13. nAka kA maila paraThanA, 14. svAdhyAya karanA, 15. dhyAna karanA tathA 16. kAyotsarga kara sthita honA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. nirgranthiyoM ko nirgranthoM ke upAzraya meM khar3e rahanA yAvat kAyotsarga kara sthita honA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-sAmAnyataH sAdhunoM ko sAdhviyoM ke upAzraya meM tathA sAdhviyoM ko sAdhuoM ke upAzraya meM nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi kAraNavaza jAnA par3e to unheM khar3e-khar3e hI kArya karake zIghra vApasa lauTa pAnA cAhie aura vahAM para sUtrokta kArya nahIM karane caahie| kyoMki adhika samaya taka Thaharane para logoM meM nAnA prakAra kI AzaMkAeM utpanna hotI haiM, adhika paricaya bar3hane se brahmacarya meM bhI dUSaNa laganA sambhava hai aura sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kA eka-dUsare ke upAzraya meM khAna-pAna yA mala-mUtrAdi kA visarjana loka-nindita hai| sAdhviyoM ko sAdhu ke pAsa svAdhyAya sunAne evaM paraspara vAcanA dene kA vyava. u. 7 meM kathana hai, ataH usa hetu sAdhviyoM kA sAdhuoM ke upAzraya meM AnA-jAnA Agamasammata hai tathA sevA Adi kAryoM se bhI eka-dUsare ke upAzraya meM Ane-jAne kA ThANAMga sUtra meM kathana kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko carma grahaNa ke vidhi-niSedha 3. no kappai niggaMthINaM salomAI cammAI ahidvitte| 4. kappai niggaMthANaM salomAiM cammAiM ahidvittae, se vi ya paribhutte, no ceva NaM aparibhutte, se vi ya pADihArie, no ceva NaM apADihArie, se vi ya egarAie, no ceva NaM annegraaie|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [177 5. no kappai niggaMthANa vA, niggaMthINa vA kasiNAI cammAiM dhArettae vA, pariharittae vaa| 6. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA akasiNAI cammAiM dhArettae vA, pariharittae thaa| 3. nirgranthiyoM ko roma-sahita carma kA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 4. nirgranthoM ko roma-sahita carma kA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vaha bhI kAma meM liyA hA ho, nayA na ho| lauTAyA jAne vAlA ho, na lauTAyA jAne vAlA nahIM ho| kevala eka rAtri meM upayoga karane ke lie lAyA jAya para aneka rAtriyoM meM upayoga karane ke lie na lAyA jAya / 5. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko akhaNDa carma rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 6. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko carmakhaNDa rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-sAdhu-sAdhvI kI sAmAnya upadhi meM vastra, pAtra, kambala Adi kA kathana milatA hai| carma ke upakaraNa sAmAnya rUpa se to sAdhu-sAdhvI ko rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu roga Adi ke kAraNa carma rakhanA Avazyaka ho to romarahita carmakhaNDa rakhanA kalpatA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki khuna yA mala Adi ke kapaDe bArambAra dhone kI paristhiti meM carmakhaNDa ke upayoga se suvidhA rahatI hai| rogI ko bhI kaSTa kama hotA hai / akhaNDa carma kA niSedha isaliye hai ki hAtha pAMva Adi ke vibhAga se yukta adhika lambA caur3A camar3A anAvazyaka hotA hai / maryAdita kaTA huvA carma hI upayukta rahatA hai| saromacarma meM to jIvotpatti kI AzaMkA rahatI hai, ataH vaha sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye agrAhya hotA hai / sUtra meM jo sAdhu ke liye aneka maryAdAoM se yukta saromacarma grahaNa karane kA vidhAna hai, isase bhI saromacarma kA agrAhya honA dhvanita hotA hai / kisI sAdhu ke carmaroga yA arza Adi ke kAraNa baiThane meM yA sone meM bhI atyanta pIr3A hotI ho to romarahita carma kI apekSA romasahita carma adhika upayogI hotA hai, isaliye vizeSa kAraNa se usake grahaNa karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI jIvotpatti se hone vAlI virAdhanA se bacane ke lie kucha maryAdAeM kahI gaI haiM, jinakA tAtparya isa prakAra hai luhAra, sunAra Adi jo dina bhara carma para baiThakara agni ke pAsa kAma karate haiM, usa saromacarma meM kucha samaya taka jIvotpatti kI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai / ataH sadA kAma pAne vAle, saromacarma ko prAtihArika rUpa meM grahaNa karane kI prAjJA dI gaI hai| jyAdA dina rakhane para agni kI garmI na milane se usa saromacarma meM jovotpatti hone kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| ataH adhika rakhane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ 178] [bahatkalpasUtra sAdhvI ko saromacarma grahaNa karane kA jo niSedha kiyA gayA hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unako aise carma kI gaveSaNA karanA evaM itanI maryAdAoM kA pAlana karanA kaThina hai tathA saromacarma meM puruSa jaise sparza kA anubhava hone kI sambhAvanA se vaha unake brahmacarya meM bhI bAdhaka ho sakatA hai| romarahita carmakhaNDa rakhane ke aneka kAraNa bhASya meM kahe haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM--saMdhivAta meM, atizIta kAla evaM ati uSNa kAla meM na cala sakane para, dRSTi manda ho jAya yA pairoM meM chAle par3a jAe~ ityAdi kAraNoM se carmakhaNDa rakhe jA sakate haiM / bhASya meM kRtsna akRtsna carma ke aneka prakAra se unake upayoga evaM paristhitiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isakI jAnakArI ke liye bhASya kA adhyayana karanA Avazyaka hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI dvArA vastra grahaNa karane ke vidhi-niSedha 7. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-kasiNAI vatthAI dhArettae vA, pariharittae vaa| 8. kappai niggaMthANa vA, niggaMthINa vA akasiNAI vatthAI dhAretae vA, pariharittae vaa| 9. no kappai niggaMdhANa vA, niggaMthINa vA-abhinnAI vatthAI dhArettae vA, pariharittae vaa| 10. kappai niggathANa vA, niggaMthINa vA--bhinnAI vatthAI dhArettae vA, pariharittae vaa| 7. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko kRtsna vastroM kA rakhanA yA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 8. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko akRtsna vastroM kA rakhanA yA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / 9. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko abhinna vastroM kA rakhanA yA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 10. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko bhinna vastroM kA rakhanA yA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana--ina sUtroM meM kRtsna-akRtsna evaM abhinna-bhinna donoM hI pada zabda kI apekSA ekArthaka haiN| inake pRthak-pRthak sUtra kahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki kRtsna sUtroM meM vastra ke varNa evaM mUlya Adi rUpa bhAvakRtsna kA varNana hai evaM abhinna sUtroM meM prakhaNDa thAna yA ati lambe-caur3e vastra rUpa dravyakRtsna kA kathana hai| bhASyakAra ne isa kRtsna arthAt akhaNDa vastra kI vistRta vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki kRtsna vastra dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM se dravya kRtsna ke bhI do bheda haiM-sakala-dravyakRtsna aura pramANa-dravyakRtsna / jo vastra apane Adi aura anta bhAga se yukta ho, kinArIvAlA ho, komala sparzayukta ho aura kAjala, kAle-pIle dhabbe Adi se rahita ho, use dravya kI apekSA sakalakRtsna kahate haiM / isake bhI jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa kI apekSA tIna bheda haiN| mukhavastrikAdi jaghanya dravyakRtsna hai, colapaTTAdi madhyama aura cAdara utkRSTa dravyakRtsna hai| jo vastra maryAdita lambAI-caur3AI ke pramANa se adhika lambe-caur3e hote haiM, unheM dravya kI apekSA pramANa-kRtsna kahate haiM /
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka [179 jo vastra jisa kSetra meM durlabha ho, use kSetrakRtsna kahate haiN| eka deza kA banA vastra dUsare deza meM prAyaH bahumUlya evaM durlabha hotA hai| jo vastra jisa kAla meM mahaMgA mile use kAla kRtsna kahate haiN| jaise grISmakAla meM sUtI, rezamI Adi patale vastra aura zItakAla meM moTe UnI garama vastra tathA varSAkAla meM raMgIna vastra bahumUlya ho jAte haiN| ___ bhAvakRtsna ke do bheda haiM---varNayuta aura muulyyut| inameM varNayuta vastra ke kRSNa, nIla Adi varNoM kI apekSA pAMca bheda hote haiN| mUlyayuta vastra bhI jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| jahAM para jisakA mUlya kama ho vahAM vaha jaghanya aura jahAM usI kA mUlya adhika ho, vahAM vahI utkRSTa mUlya kA jAnanA caahie| jo vastra sarvatra samAna mUlya se upalabdha ho vaha madhyama mUlya vAlA kahalAtA hai| athavA jisa vastra ke dhAraNa karane se rAgabhAva utpanna ho use bhAvakRtsna kahate haiM / arthAt ati camaka-damaka vAle ramaNIya vastra / ukta cAroM hI prakAra ke kRtsnavastra sAdhu yA sAdhviyoM ke lie rakhanA yA paharanA ayogya hai| inake rakhane yA paharane ke doSoM kA nirdeza karate hue bhASyakAra ne kahA hai ki pramANAtirikta vastroM ke rakhane para mArga-gamanakAla meM bhAra vahana karanA par3atA hai| akhaNDa, bahUmUlya sUkSma vastroM ko cora-DAkU curA sakate haiM yA anya koI bhI asaMyamI chIna sakatA hai| eka rAjya se dUsare rAjya meM praveza karane para cuMgI vAle kara mAMga sakate haiM yA vastra chIna sakate haiN| zrAvaka aise vastroM ko sAdhu ke samIpa dekhakara unase ghRNA yA nindA kara sakatA haiM / ityAdi kAraNoM se cAroM hI prakAra ke kRtsnavastra sAdhu-sAdhvI ko nahIM kalpate haiM / kintu jo dravya se alpa yA pramANopeta ho, kSetra aura kAla se sarvatra sulabha ho aura bhAva se jo bahumUlya na ho, aisA vastra hI unako dhAraNa karanA caahie| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko avagrahAnantaka aura avagrahapaTTapha dhAraNa karane ke vidhi-niSedha 11. no kappai niggaMthANaM uggahaNantagaM vA, uggahapaTTagaM vA dhArittae vA, pariharittae vaa| 12. kappai niggaMthoNaM uggahaNantarga vA, uggahapaTTagaM vA dhArittae vA, pariharittae vaa| 11. nirgranthoM ko avagrahAnantaka aura avagrahapaTTaka rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 12. nirgranthiyoM ko avagrahAnantaka aura avagrahapaTTaka rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ 180] [gRhatkalpasUtra vivecana--gupta aMga ke Dhakane vAle laMgoTa yA kaupIna ko avagrahAnantaka kahate haiM aura usake bhI Upara use AcchAdana karane vAle vastra ko avagrahapaTTaka kahate haiN| prathama sUtra meM sAdhuoM ke lie ina donoM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura dUsare sUtra meM sAdhviyoM ke lie ina donoM ke rakhane aura pahinane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi sUtra meM ukta donoM upakaraNa bhikSu ko rakhane kA spaSTa niSedha hai, tathApi bhASyakAra ne likhA hai ki yadi kisI sAdhu ko bhagandara, arza prAdi roga ho jAe to usa avasthA meM anya vastroM ko rakta-pIpa se bacAne ke lie vaha avagrahapaTTaka rakha sakatA hai| sAdhviyoM ko donoM upakaraNa rakhane kA aura pahinane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki RtukAla meM sAdhviyoM ko pror3hane-pahinane ke vastra rakta-raMjita na hoM, ataH usa samaya ukta donoM vastroM ko upayoga meM lAne aura zeSa kAla meM samIpa rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| vihAra Adi meM zIlarakSA ke liye bhI ina upakaraNoM kA pahananA Avazyaka hotA hai| prazna-sAdhviyoM ke lie kitane vastra-pAtrAdi rakhane kA vidhAna hai ? uttara-niyukti aura bhASyakAra ne 25 prakAra kI upadhi rakhane kA nirdeza kiyA hai-- unake nAma isa prakAra haiM--1. pAtra, 2. pAtrabandha, 3. pAtrasthApana, 4. pAtrakesarikA, 5. paTalaka, 6. rajastrANa, 7. gocchaka, 8-10. tIna cAdara (pracchAdaka vastra), 11. rajoharaNa, 12. mukhavastrikA, 13. mAtraka, 14. kamaDhaka (colapaTTakasthAnIya vastra, zATikA), 15. avagrahAnantaka (guhyasthAnAcchadaka-laMgoTI), 16. avagrahapaTTaka (laMgoTI ke Upara kamara para lapeTane kA vastra), 17. aosaka (grAdhI jAMghoM ko Dhakane vAlA jAMghiyA jaisA vastra), 18.calanikA (ardhAsaka se bar3A, ghuTanoM ko bhI DhaMkane vAlA vastra), 19. abhyantara nivasinI (prAdhe ghuTanoM ko Dhakane vAlI), 20. bahirnivasanI (paira kI er3iyoM ko Dhakane vAlI), 21. kaMcuka (colI), 22. aupakakSikI . (colI ke Upara bAMdhI jAne vAlI), 23. vaikakSiko (kaMcuka aura praupakakSikI ko Dhakane vAlI), 24. saMghATI (vasati meM pahane jAne vAlI), 25. skandhakaraNI (kandhe para DAlane kA vstr)| isa prakAra AryikAyoM ke 25 upadhi yA upakaraNa hote haiN| bhASyakAra ne skandhakaraNI ke sAtha rUpavatI sAdhviyoM ko kubja-karaNI rakhane yA bAMdhane kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki rUpavatI sAdhvI ko dekhakara kAmuka puruSa cala-citta ho sakate haiM, ata: rUpavatI sAdhvI ko vikRtarUpA banAne ke lie pITha para vastroM kI poTalI rakhakara bAMdha dete hai, jisase ki vaha kubar3I-sI dikhane lage / isI kAraNa isa upadhi kA nAma kubja-karaNI rakhA gayA hai| ___ isake atirikta sAdhu aura sAdhvI kama se kama aura adhika se adhika kitane vastra-upadhi rakha sakate haiM, bhASyakAra ne isakA tathA anya aneka jJAtavya viSayoM kA aura karaNIya kAryoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai / vaha saba vizeSa jijJAsu janoM ko sabhASya bRhatkalpasUtra se jAnanA cAhie / sAdhvI ko apanI nizrA se vastra grahaNa karane kA niSedha 13. niggaMthIe ya gAhAvaikulaM piMDavAyapaDiyAe aNuppaviTAe celaThe samuppajjejjA no se kappai appaNo nissAe celaM paDiggAhettae /
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [181 kappai se pavattiNI-nissAe celaM pddiggaahitte| no ya se tattha pattiNo sAmANA siyA, je se tattha sAmANe Ayarie vA, uvajjhAe vA, pavattae vA, there vA, gaNI vA, gaNahare vA, gaNAvaccheie vA, jaM ca anna purao kaTu viharai / kappai se tannIsAe celaM paDiggAhettae / .13. gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie gaI huI nirgranthiyoM ko yadi vastra kI AvazyakatA ho to apanI nizrA se vastra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu pravartinI kI nizrA se vastra lenA kalpatA hai / yadi vahAM pravartinI vidyamAna na ho to jo prAcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira, gaNI, gaNadhara yA gaNAvacchedaka ho athavA jinakI pramukhatA se vicaraNa kara rahI ho, unakI nizrA se vastra lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana yadi koI sAdhviyAM bhakta-pAna lene ke lie gRhastha ke dhara gaI hoM aura unameM se kisI eka ko vastra kI AvazyakatA ho to use apanI nizrA se arthAt 'yaha vastra maiM mere lie grahaNa kara rahI hUM' isa prakAra kahakara gRhastha se vastra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu vaha pratinI kI nizrA se grahaNa kara sakatI hai, arthAt vaha gRhastha se vastra lete samaya spaSTa zabdoM meM kahe ki--'maiM pravartinI ko nizrA se ise grahaNa karatI hUM, ve ise svIkAra kara kisI sAdhvI ko deMgI to rakhA jAegA anyathA Apako vApasa lauTA diyA jaaegaa|' aisA kahakara hI vaha gahastha se vastra ko grahaNa kara sakatI hai, anyathA nhiiN| yadi usakI pratinI upAzraya meM yA usa grAma meM na ho to jo prAcArya yA upAdhyAya Adi sUtrokta sAdhujana samIpa meM hoM, unakI nizrA se vaha vastra ko grahaNa kara sakatI hai| sUtrokta prAcArya Adi kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai 1. AcArya jo jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa aura vIrya-ina pAMca prAcAroM kA svayaM pAlana kare aura AjJAnuvartI ziSyoM se pAlana karAve, jo sAdhusaMgha kA svAmI aura saMgha ke anugraha-nigraha, sAraNa-vAraNa aura dhAraNa meM kuzala ho, loka-sthiti kA vettA ho, AcArasampadA Adi pATha sampadAoM se yukta ho / vyava. u. 3, sUtra. 5 kathita guNoM kA evaM sUtroM kA dhAraka ho / 2. upAdhyAya--jo svayaM dvAdazAMgazruta kA vizeSajJa ho, adhyayanArtha pAne vAle ziSyoM ko prAgamoM kA abhyAsa karAnevAlA ho aura vyava. u. 3, sU. 3 meM kahe gaye guNoM kA evaM sUtroM kA dhAraka ho| 3. pravartaka---jo sAdhuoM kI yogyatA yA ruci dekhakara unako prAcArya-nirdiSTa kAryoM meM tathA tapa, saMyama, yoga, vaiyAvRtya, sevA, zuzrUSA, adhyayana-adhyApana Adi meM niyukta kre| 4. sthavira-jo sAdhunoM ke saMyama meM zaithilya dekhakara yA unheM saMyama se vicalita dekhakara isa loka aura paraloka sambandhI apAyoM (aniSTa yA doSoM) kA upadeza kare aura unheM apane kartavyoM meM sthira kre| 5. gaNI-jo kucha sAdhunoM ke gaNa kA svAmI ho aura sAdhviyoM kI dekha-rekha evaM vyavasthA
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________________ 182] [bRhatkalpasUtra karane vAlA ho| athavA jo mukhya prAcArya kI nizrA meM aneka prAcArya hote haiM, unheM gaNo kahA jAtA hai| 6. gaNadhara jo kucha sAdhuoM kA pramukha banakara vicaraNa karatA ho / 7. gaNAvacchedaka-jo sAdhujanoM ke bhakta-pAna, sthAna, auSadhopacAra, prAyazcitta Adi kI vyavasthA karane vAlA ho| ukta sAtoM padavIdhArakoM ke krama kA nirUpaNa karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki sAdhvI ko svayaM kI nizrA se vastra nahIM lenA cAhie, kintu apanI pravartinI kI nizrA se lenA caahie| yadi vaha na ho to saMgha ke prAcArya kI nizrA se leve| unake abhAva meM upAdhyAya kI nizrA se leve| isa prakAra parva-parva padadhArakoM ke abhAva meM uttara-uttara padadhArakoM kI nizrA se vastra ko leve| yadi u padadhArakoM meM se koI bhI samIpa na ho to jo aura koI bhI gItArtha sAdhu yA sAdhvI ho, usako nizrA se vastra leve| kintu sAdhvI ko svayaM kI nizrA se vastra nahIM lenA caahie| dIkSA ke samaya grahaNa karane yogya upadhi kA vidhAna 14. niggaMthassa NaM tappaDhamayAe saMpanvayamANassa kappai rayaharaNa-gocchaga-paDiggahamAyAe tihi kasiNehi batthehi AyAe saMpanvaittae / se ya puvovaTThie siyA, evaM se no kappai rayaharaNa-gocchaga-paDiggahamAyAe tihiM kasihi vatthehiM AyAe saMpanyaittae / kappai se ahApariggahiehi vatyahiM AyAe sNpnvitte| 15. niggaMthoe ya tappaDhamayAe saMpanvayamANoe kappai rayaharaNa-gocchaga-paDiggahamAyAe cahi kasiNehiM vatthehi AyAe saMpavvaittae / sA ya pucovaTiyA siyA evaM se no kappai rayaharaNa-gocchaga-paDiggahamAyAe cauhi kasiNehi vatthehi AyAe saMpavvaittae / kappai se ahApariggahiehi vatthehiM prAyAe sNpnvitte| 14. gahavAsa tyAgakara sarvaprathama pravajita hone vAle nirgrantha ko rajoharaNa, gocchaka, pAtra tathA tIna akhaNDa vastra lekara pravrajita honA kalpatA hai| yadi vaha pahale dIkSita ho cukA ho to use rajoharaNa, gocchaka, pAtra tathA tIna prakhaNDa vastra lekara pravajita honA nahIM kalpatA hai|| kintu pUrvagRhIta vastroM ko lekara pravajita honA kalpatA hai / 15. gahavAsa tyAgakara sarvaprathama pravajita hone vAlI nirgranthI ko rajoharaNa, gocchaka, pAtra tathA cAra akhaNDa vastra lekara pravajita honA kalpatA hai| yadi vaha pahale dIkSita ho cukI ho to use rajoharaNa, gocchaka, pAtra tathA cAra akhaNDa vastra lekara pravajita honA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [183 kintu pUrvagrahIta vastroM ko lekara pravajita honA kalpatA hai / vivecana sAmAyikacAritra evaM chedopasthApanIyacAritra grahaNa karane vAlA bhikSu kina-kina upadhiyoM ko lekara dIkSA le, yaha isa sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai| jo sarvaprathama dIkSita ho rahA hai use apane abhibhAvakoM dvArA yA sage-sambandhiyoM dvArA diye hue rajoharaNa, gocchaka (pramArjanikA), pAtra aura tIna kRtsnavastra lekara dIkSA lenA caahie| eka hAtha caur3e aura caubIsa hAtha lambe thAna ko kRtsnavastra mAnA jAtA hai / isakA artha yaha hai ki vaha rajoharaNa Adi upakaraNoM ke sAtha kula bahattara hAtha lambe hoM, aise tIna thAna lekara ke dIkSita hove / isake pazcAt jaba usakI bar3I dIkSA ho yA kisI vrata-vizeSa meM dUSaNa laga jAne para yA kisI mahAvrata ko virAdhanA ho jAne para punaH dIkSA ke lie prAcArya ke sammukha upasthita ho to vaha apane pUrvagRhIta vastra-pAtrAdi ke sAtha hI dIkSA le sakatA hai, arthAt pahale ke vastra-pAtrAdi ko chor3akara navIna vastra-pAtrAdi ke lene kI use AvazyakatA nahIM hai / upadhi sambandhI vistRta jAnakArI ke lie nizItha u. 16, sU. 39 kA vivecana dekheN| dIkSA lene vAlI sAdhvI ke upakaraNoM kA varNana bhI isI prakAra hai kintu tIna kRtsnavastra ke sthAna para unake cAra kRtsnavastra hote haiN| kyoMki unake vastra sambandhI upakaraNa kucha adhika hote haiN| tIna yA cAra akhaNDa vastra kA spaSTArtha bhASya TIkA meM upalabdha nahIM hai| ata: bhinna-bhinna arthoM kI paramparAe~ pracalita haiN| 72 hAtha vastra mApa kI kalpanA bhI adhika prAcIna nahIM hai tathApi Agama-Azaya ke adhika nikaTa hai aisA pratIta hotA hai| prathama dvitIya samavasaraNa meM vastra grahaNa karane kA vidhi niSedha 16. no kappaha niggaMthANa yA niggaMthINa vA--paDhamasamosaraNuddesapattAI celAI paDigAhettae / 17. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-doccasamosaraNuddesapattAI celAI pddigaahette| 16. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko prathama samavasaraNa meM vastra grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 17. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko dvitIya samavasaraNa meM vastra grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-samavasaraNa zabda kA artha hai-sarva aora se paanaa| cAturmAsa karane ke lie sAdhusAdhviyAM kisI eka yogya sthAna para pAkara sthita hote haiM, ataH use prathama samavasaraNa kahA jAtA hai aura varSAkAla yA cAturmAsa kI samApti ke pazcAt ke kAla ko dvitIya samavasaraNa kahA jAtA hai| jisa sthAna para sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko cAturmAsa karanA hai usa sthAna para Ane ke pazcAt pUre varSAkAla taka arthAt prASAr3ha zuklA pUrNimA se lekara kArtika zuklA pUrNimA taka gRhasthoM se vastra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu varSAkAla ke bAda dUsare samavasaraNa meM arthAt mArgazIrSa kRSNA pratipadA se lekara ASAr3ha zuklA pUrNimA paryanta pATha mAsa taka jisa deza aura jisa kAla meM unheM yadi vastroM kI AvazyakatA ho to gRhasthoM se le sakate haiM / cAturmAsa sambandhI anya sabhI jJAtavya bAtoM kA vizada varNana niyuktikAra aura bhASyakAra ne kiyA hai|
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________________ 184] [bRhatkalpasUtra yathAratnAdhika vastra grahaNa kA vidhAna 18. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA--ahArAiNiyAe celAI paDiggAhittae / 18. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko cAritraparyAya ke krama se vastra-grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-jisa sAdhu yA sAdhvI kI cAritraparyAya adhika ho use rAttika yA ratnAdhika kahate haiN| jaba kabhI sAdhu yA sAdhvI vastroM ko gahastha se leveM to unheM cAritraparyAya kI hInAdhikatA ke kramAnusAra hI grahaNa karanA caahie| arthAt jo sAdhu yA sAdhvI sabase adhika cAritraparyAya vAle haiM, unheM sarvaprathama vastra pradAna karanA caahie| tatpazcAt unase kama cAritraparyAya vAle ko aura tadanantara unase kama cAritraparyAya vAle ko denA caahie| yahAM para vastra pada dezAmarzaka hai, ata: pAtrAdi anya upadhiyoM ko bhI cAritraparyAya kI hInAdhikatA se lenA aura denA caahie| kyoMki vyutkrama se dene yA lene meM ratnAdhikoM kA avinaya, AzAtanA Adi hotI hai, jo sAdhu-maryAdA ke pratikUla hai / vyutkrama se dene aura lene vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie bhASyakAra ne prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA hai| yathAratnAdhika zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa kA vidhAna 19. kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthINa vA ahArAyaNiyAe sejjA-saMthArae paDiggAhittae / 19. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko cAritraparyAya ke krama se zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana zayyA kA artha vasati yA upAzraya hai| usameM Thaharane para sAdhuoM yA sAdhviyoM ke vaiThane yogya sthAna evaM pATa, dhAsa Adi ko saMstAraka kahate haiM / inheM bhI cAritraparyAya kI hInAdhikatA ke krama se grahaNa karanA cAhie / niyuktikAra aura bhASyakAra ne yathArAnika zayyA-saMstAraka kA vidhAna karate hue itanA aura spaSTa kiyA hai ki prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura pravartaka ina tIna gurujanoM kI kramazaH zayyA-saMstAraka ke pazcAt jJAnAdi sampadA ko prApta karane ke lie jo anya gaNa se sAdhu AyA huA hai, usake zayyAsaMstAraka ko sthAna denA caahie| usake bAda glAna (rugNa) sAdhu ko, tatpazcAt alpa upadhi (vastra) vAle sAdhu ko, usake bAda karmakSayArtha udyata sAdhu ko, tadanantara jisane rAtabhara vastra nahIM pror3hane kA abhigraha liyA hai aise sAdhu ko, tadanantara sthavira ko, tadanantara gaNI, gaNadhara, gaNAvacchedaka aura anya sAdhuoM ko zayyA-saMstAraka ke lie sthAna grahaNa karanA cAhie / __ yahAM itanA aura vizeSa batAyA gayA hai ki navadIkSita yA alpa Ayu vAle sAdhu ko ratnAdhika sAdhu ke samIpa sone kA sthAna denA cAhie, jo rAta meM usakI sAra-sambhAla kara ske| isI prakAra vaiyAvRtya karane vAle sAdhu ko glAna sAdhu ke samIpa sthAna denA cAhie, jisase vaha rogI sAdhu kI yathAsamaya paricaryA kara ske| tathA zAstrAbhyAsa karane vAle zaikSa sAdhu ko upAdhyAya prAdi, jisake samIpa vaha adhyayana karatA ho, ke pAsa sthAna denA cAhie jisase ki vaha jAgaraNakAla meM apane pATha-parivartanAdi karate mamaya unase sahayoga prApta kara sake /
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [185 yathAralAdhika kRtikarma karane kA vidhAna 20. kappai niggaMthANa yA niggaMthINa vA-ahArAiNiyAe kiikammaM karettae / 20. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko cAritraparyAya ke krama se vandana karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-prAtaH sAyaMkAla Adi samayoM meM pratikramaNa Adi prArambha karane ke pUrva guru evaM ratnAdhikoM kA jo vinaya, vandana Adi kiyA jAtA hai, use 'kRtikarma' kahate haiM / isake do bheda haiMabhyutthAna aura vandanaka / __ prAcArya, upAdhyAya Adi gurujanoM ke evaM jo dIkSA-paryAya meM jyeSTha haiM, unake gamana-Agamana kAla meM uThakara khar3e honA 'abhyutthAna kRtikarma' hai| prAta:kAla, sAyaMkAla evaM pratikramaNa karate samaya tathA kisI prazna Adi ke pUchate samaya gurujanoM ko vandanA karanA, hAtha jor3akara mastaka para aMjali lagAkara namaskAra Adi karanA 'vandanaka kRtikarma' hai| bhASyakAra ne kahA hai ki yathAjAta bAlaka ke samAna sarala bhAva se pratyeka dizA meM tIna-tIna pAvarta karate hue mastaka se paMcAMga namaskAra karanA caahie| pradakSiNA dene kI taraha donoM hAtha saMyukta karake ghumAne ko 'pAvarta' kahate haiM / zuddha mana, vacana, kAyA se bhakti prakaTa karane ke liye ye Avarta kiye jAte haiN| cAroM dizAoM meM Avarta karane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki usa-usa dizA meM jahAM para jo bhI paMca parameSThI, gurujana evaM ratnAdhika sAdhu vidyamAna haiM, unheM bhI maiM triyoga kI zuddhi evaM bhakti se vandana evaM namaskAra karatA huuN| isI prakAra gurujanoM ke samIpa Ane para bhI sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko dIkSAparyAya ke anusAra unheM vandana karanA caahie| isa kRtikarma ke viSaya meM sampradAya-bheda se aneka prakAra kI vyAkhyAeM upalabdha haiN| unheM jAnakara sampradAya ke anusAra yathAratnAdhika kA kRtikarma karanA Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai| bhASyakAra ne kRtikarma ke 32 doSoM kA bhI vizada varNana kiyA hai aura anta meM likhA hai ki ina saba doSoM se rahita kRtikarma karanA cAhie, anyathA vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| gRhastha ke ghara meM Thaharane Adi kA niSedha 21. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-aMtaragihaMsi 1. cidvattae vA, 2. nisIittae vA, 3. tuyaTTittae vA, 4. nidAittae vA, 5. payalAittae vA, 6. asaNaM vA, 7. pANaM vA, 8. khAimaM vA, 9. sAimaM vA prAhAramAharittae, 10. uccAraM vA, 11. pAsavaNaM vA, 12. khelaM vA, 13. siMghANaM vA parivettae, 14. sajjhAyaM vA karittae, 15. jhANaM vA jhAittae, 16. kAusaggaM vA tthaaitte| aha puNa evaM jANejjA vAhie, jarAjuNNe, tavassI, dumbale, kilaMte, mucchejja vA, pavaDejja vA evaM se kappai aMtaragihaMsi ciTThittae vA jAva kAusaggaM vA tthaaitte|
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________________ 186] [bRhatkalpasUtra 21. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko gRhastha ke ghara ke bhItara 1. ThaharanA , 2. baiThanA, 3. sonA, 4. nidrA lenA, 5. UMgha lenA, 6. azana, 7. pAna, 8. khAdima, 9. svAdima-AhAra karanA, 10. mala, 11. mUtra, 12. kheMkAra, 13. zleSma pariSThApana karanA, 14. svAdhyAya karanA, 15. dhyAna karanA, 16. kAyotsarga kara sthita honA nahIM kalpatA hai / yahAM yaha vizeSa jAneM ki jo bhikSu vyAdhigrasta ho, vRddha ho, tapasvI ho, durbala ho, thakAna yA ghabarAhaTa se yukta ho, vaha yadi macchita hokara gira par3e to use gRhastha ke ghara meM ThaharanA yAvat kAyotsarga karake sthita honA kalpatA hai / vivecana-bhikSArtha nikale hue sAdhu ko gRhastha ke ghara meM ThaharanA, baiThanA Adi sUtrokta kArya nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki vahAM para ukta kArya karane se gahasthoM ko nAnA prakAra kI zaMkAeM utpanna ho sakatI haiM / yaha utsargamArga hai| ___apavAda rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI sAdhu rogI ho, ativRddha ho, tapasyA se jarjarita yA durbala ho, yA mUrchA A jAe, gira par3ane kI sambhAvanA ho to vaha kucha kSaNoM ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM Thahara sakatA hai| bhASyakAra ne kucha aura bhI kAraNa Thaharane ke batAye haiN| jaise kisI rogI ke lie auSadhi lene ke lie kisI ghara meM koI sAdhu jAve aura auSadhadAtA ghara se bAhara ho, usa samaya ghara vAle kaheM'kucha samaya Thaharie, auSadhadAtA Ane hI vAle haiM,' athavA ghara meM praveza karane ke pazcAt pAnI barasane lage yA usI mArga se rAjA Adi kI savArI yA kisI kI bArAta Adi nikalane lage to sAdhu vahAM Thahara sakatA hai| gRhastha ke ghara meM maryAdita vArtA kA vidhAna 22. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA aMtaragihaMsi jAva caugAhaM vA paMcagAhaM vA Aikkhittae vA, vibhAvittae vA, kiTTattae vA, paveittae vaa| nannattha eganAeNaM vA, egavAgaraNeNa vA, egagAhAe bA, egasiloeNa vA; se vi ya ThiccA, no cevaNaM atthiccaa| 22. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko gRhastha ke ghara meM cAra yA pAMca gAthAoM dvArA kathana karanA, unakA artha karanA, dharmAcaraNa kA phala kahanA evaM vistRta vivecana karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu Avazyaka hone para kevala eka udAharaNa, eka praznottara, eka gAthA yA eka zloka dvArA kathana karanA kalpatA hai| vaha bhI khar3e rahakara kathana kare, baiThakara nhiiN| vivecana-gocarI ke lie gaye hue sAdhu yA sAdhviyAM gRhastha ke ghara meM khar3e hokara gAthA, zloka zrAdi kA uccAraNa hI na kreN| yaha utsargamArga hai| bhASyakAra ne isakA kAraNa batAyA hai ki jahAM para sAdhu khar3A hogA vahAM se yadi kisI kI
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [187 koI vastu corI calI jAyegI to usakA svAmI yaha lAMchana lagA sakatA hai ki yahAM para amuka sAdhu yA sAdhviyAM khar3e rahe the / ataH ve hI merI amuka vastu le gaye haiM, ityAdi / isake atirikta kisI gRhastha ke vivAdAspada prazna ke uttara meM vahAM AkSepa-vyAkSepa meM samaya vyatIta hogaa| usase usake sAthI sAdhU, jo ki eka maNDalI meM baiThakara bhojana karate haiM, pratIkSA karate raheMge, ataH unake yathAsamaya bhojana na kara sakane se vaha antarAya kA bhAgI hogaa| dUsare, yadi vaha kisI rogI sAdhu se yaha kahakara pAyA hai ki--"aAja maiM tumhAre lie zIghra yogya bhakta-pAna lAUMgA", phira vAda-vivAda meM par3akara samaya para vApasa nahIM pahu~ca sakane se vaha bhUkhapyAsa se pIr3ita hokara aura adhika saMtApa ko prApta hogA, ityAdi kAraNoM se gocarI ko gaye hue sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko kahIM bhI adhika vArtAlApa nahIM karanA cAhie anyathA vaha caturlaghu se lekara yathAsambhava aneka prAyazcittoM kA pAtra hotA hai| __ apavAda rUpa meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki gocarI ko gaye sAdhu yA sAdhvI se yadi koI jijJAsu pUche ki 'dharma kA lakSaNa kyA hai ?' taba vaha "ahiMsA paramo dharmaH" itanA mAtra saMkSipta uttara deve / yadi koI punaH pUche ki dharma kI kucha vyAkhyA kIjie, taba itanA mAtra kahe ki "apane lie jo tuma iSTa yA aniSTa mAnate ho vaha dUsare ke lie bhI vaisA hI samajho", basa itanA hI jainazAsana kA sAra hai| yadi jijJAsu ukta kathana kI puSTi meM koI pramANa pUche to ukta artha-dyotaka eka gAthA kahe / yathA-- "savvabhUyappabhUyassa, sammaM bhUyAI pAso / pihiyAsavassa daMtassa, pAvaM kammaM na bNdhi|| -dazavai. a. 4, gA. 9 vaha bhI khar3A-khar3A hI kahe, baiThakara nhiiN| anyathA uparyukta doSoM ke kAraNa vaha prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| gahastha ke ghara meM maryAdita dharmakathA kA vidhAna 23. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA aMtaragihaMsi, imAI paMca mahavvayAI sabhAvaNAI Aikkhittae vA, vibhAvittae vA, kiTTittae vA, paveittae vaa| nannatya eganAeNa vA jAva egasiloeNa vA; se vi ya ThiccA, no ceva NaM atthiccaa| 23. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko gRhastha ke ghara meM bhAvanA sahita pAMcoM mahAvratoM kA kathana, artha-vistAra yA mahAvratAcaraNa ke phala kA kathana karanA evaM vistRta vivecana karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu Avazyaka hone para kevala eka udAharaNa yAvat eka zloka se kathana karanA kalpatA hai| vaha bhI khar3e rahakara kintu baiThakara nhiiN| vivecana-pUrva sUtra meM kisI ke dvArA pUche jAne para vArtAlApa karane kA vidhi-niSedha kiyA gayA hai / prastuta sUtra meM mahAvatoM ke kathana kA vidhi-niSedha kiyA gayA hai /
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________________ 188] [bRhatkalpasUtra sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko gRhastha ke ghara meM pAMcoM mahAvratoM kA unakI bhAvanAoM ke sAtha AkhyAna-mUla pATha kA uccAraNa, vibhAvana-artha kA pratipAdana, kIrtana --laukika lAbhoM kA varNana aura pravedana svarga-mokSAdi pAralaukika phala ko prakaTa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| bhASyakAra ne isakA kAraNa batAte hue kahA hai ki yadi sAdhu mahAvratoM kA vistAra se upadeza karane laga jAe aura use sunane vAlI garbhiNI strI jaba taka vahAM baiThI rahatI hai taba taka garbhastha jIva ke AhAra-pAna ke nirodha se yadi kucha aniSTa ho jAe to vaha upadeSTA usakI hiMsA kA bhAgI hotA hai| athavA usI samaya koI ghara kI strI dIrghazaMkA-nivAraNArtha calI jAe aura usase dveSa rakhane vAlI usako sauta yA anya vidveSiNI strI usake bacce ko mAra kara sAdhu yA sAdhvI ke sammukha lAkara paTaka de aura cillAne lage ki isa sAdhu ne isako mAra DAlA hai| aise avasara para logoM ko sAdhu ke viSaya meM prANaghAta karane kI AzaMkA ho sakatI hai| isI prakAra kabhI kisI ke pUchane para sAdhu ne kahA ho ki use gRhastha ke ghara para upadeza denA nahIM kalpatA hai, pIche kisI ke yahAM upadeza de to mRSAvAda kA bhI doSa lagatA hai| sAdhu ke upadeza-kAla meM ghara kI dAsI avasara pAkara kisI AbhUSaNAdi ko curA le jAe, pIche sAdhu ke cale jAne para gRhasvAmI usa sAdhu para corI kA doSa lagA de / ___ kisI strI kA pati videza gayA ho aura vaha upadeza sunane ke chala se kucha dera sAdhu ko ThaharA karake maithuna-sevana kI prArthanA kare aura sAdhu vicalita ho jAe athavA vaha strI acche vastra-pAtrAdi dene kA pralobhana dekara sAdhu ko pralobhita kare, ityAdi kAraNoM se sAdhu ke mahAvratoM meM hI doSa lagatA hai| ataH sUtra meM gRhastha ke ghara para pAMcoM mahAvratoM ke AkhyAna, vibhAvanAdi vistRta pravacana kA niSedha kiyA hai| yadi kabhI koI rugNa-jijJAsu mahAvratoM ke svarUpa Adi ke viSaya meM pUche to use vivekapUrvaka eka gAthA se yA eka zloka se arthAt saMkSipta rUpa meM kathana kare, vaha bhI khar3e rahakara hI karanA cAhie baiThakara nhiiN| kyoMki gocarI gayA huA bhikSu khar3A to rahatA hI hai| vahAM baiThanA hI aneka zaMkAoM kA sthAna hotA hai / ataH baiThane kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| gRhastha kA zayyA-saMstAraka lauTAne kA vidhAna 24. no kappai niragaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA pADihAriyaM sejjAsaMthArayaM prAyAe apaDihaTTa sNpvitte| 24. prAtihArika zayyA-saMstAraka jo grahaNa kiyA hai use usake svAmI ko sauMpe vinA grAmAntara gamana karanA nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana-sAdhu ke pUrNa zarIra-pramANa pITha-phalaka-tRNa Adi ko 'zayyA' kahate haiM aura aDhAI hAtha pramANa vAle pITha-phalaka-tRNa Adi ko "saMstAraka" kahate haiM / jo zayyA-saMstAraka gRhastha ke ghara se vApasa lauTAne ko kahakara lAye jAte haiM, unheM "prAtihArika" kahate haiM / sAdhu jaba kisI grAma meM pahuMcatA hai to apane yogya zayyA-saMstAraka sAgA
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [189 rika ke atirikta anya kisI gRhastha ke ghara se vApasa sauMpane ko kahakara lAtA hai| vaha zayyA-saMstAraka usa gRhastha ko sauMpe vinA grAmAntara jAnA sAdhu yA sAdhvI ke lie ucita nahIM hai / yadi vaha vinA lauTAe jAtA hai to prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vinA sauMpe hI vihAra kara jAne para sAdhu kI apratIti evaM nindA hotI hai, jisase punaH vahAM zayyA-saMstAraka milanA durlabha hotA hai| yahAM zayyA-saMstAraka pada upalakSaNa rUpa hai| ataH vApasa sauMpane ko kahakara jo bhI vastu gRhastha ke ghara se sAdhu yA sAdhvI lAveM, use vApasa sauMpa karake hI anyatra vihAra karanA caahie| zayyAtara kA zayyA-saMstAraka vyavasthita karake lauTAne kA vidhAna 25. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-sAgAriyasaMtiyaM sejjAsaMthArayaM AyAe avikaraNaM kaTu sNpnvitte| 26. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA-sAgAriyasaMtiyaM sejjAsaMthArayaM AyAe vikaraNaM kaTu sNpvvitte| 25. sAgArika kA zayyA-saMstAraka jo grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, use yathAvasthita kiye vinA grAmAntara gamana karanA nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai| 26. sAgArika kA zayyA-saMstAraka jo grahaNa kiyA hai, use vyavasthita karake grAmAntara gamana karanA nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko kalpatA hai / vivecana-zayyAtara ke zayyA-saMstAraka jahAM para jisa prakAra se the, unheM usI prakAra se karake sauMpane ko "vikaraNa" kahate haiN| __ yadi usI sthAna para na rakhe aura usI prakAra se vyavasthita karake na sauMpe to ise "avikaraNa" kahate haiN| isa sUtra dvArA yaha nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki zayyAtara ke zayyA-saMstAraka jahAM jaise rakhe hue the, jAte samaya unheM usI sthAna para aura usI prakAra se vyavasthita karake grAmAntara ke lie vihAra karanA cAhie / anyathA ve sAdhu-sAdhvI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiM / prAcA. zru. 2, a. 2, u. 3 meM zayyA-saMstAraka lauTAne kI vidhi batAI hai| usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki unakI acchI taraha Upara nIce pratilekhana kara lenA caahie| Avazyaka ho to khaMkheranA yA dhUpa meM prAtApita karanA caahie| isa prakAra sarvathA jIvarahita hone para lauTAnA caahie| pATa Adi upayoga lene se malIna ho jAe~ to unheM dhokara evaM poMchakara sApha karake denA da ve kucha TUTa-phaTa jAe~ yA kharAba ho jAe~ to unheM vivekapUrvaka sUcanA karate hae lauTAnA caahie| bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai--jisa bAMsa kI kaMbiyA Adi ko bAMdhA ho athavA baMdhe hue ko kholA ho to unheM punaH pUrva avasthA meM karake lauTAnA caahie| ___ina sabhI vidhAnoM kA Azaya yaha hai ki vyavasthita lauTAne se sAdhu-sAdhvI kI pratIti rahatI hai evaM zayyA-saMstAraka kI sulabhatA rahatI hai tathA tIsare mahAvrata kA zuddha rUpa se pAlana hotA hai| caahie|
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________________ 190 [bahatkalpasUtra khoe hue zayyA-saMstAraka ke anveSaNa karane kA vidhAna 27. isa khalu niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pADihArie vA sAgAriyasaMtie vA sejjAsaMthArae vippaNasejjA, se ya aNugavesiyavve siyaa| se ya aNugavesamANe labhejjA tasseva paDidAyabve siyaa| se ya aNugavesamANe no labhejjA, evaM se kappai doccaMpi uggahaM aNuNNavettA parihAra prihritte| 27. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM kA prAtihArika yA sAgArika zayyA-saMstAraka yadi guma ho jAe to usakA unheM anveSaNa karanA caahie| anveSaNa karane para yadi mila jAe to usI ko de denA caahie| anveSaNa karane para kadAcit na mile to punaH prAjJA lekara anya zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karake upayoga meM lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana-niyuktikAra ne batAyA hai ki sAdhu gRhastha ke ghara se jo bhI zayyA-saMstAraka Adi mAMga kara lAve usakI rakSA ke lie sAvadhAnI rakhanI cAhie aura upAzraya ko sUnA nahIM chor3anA caahie| gocarI Adi ke lie bAhara jAnA ho to kisI na kisI ko upAzraya kI rakSA ke lie niyukta karake jAnA caahie| yadi kAyikI bAdhA ke nivAraNArtha idhara-udhara jAne para yA paThana-pAThanAdi meM citta lagA rahane para koI curAkara le jAe, athavA gRhastha ke ghara se lAte samaya yA vApasa dete samaya 1 lAta samaya yA vApasa dete samaya hAtha se chInakara koI bhAga jAe yA bAhara hAtha se chInakara koI bhAga jAe yA bAhara dhUpa meM rakhane para koI uThA le jAe ityAdi kisI bhI kAraNa se zayyA-saMstAraka kho jAe to sAdhu usakI gaveSaNA tatkAla kare / anveSaNa karate hue yadi le jAne vAlA mila jAve to usase use dene ke lie kahe-'he bhadra ! yaha maiM kisI gRhastha se mAMga kara lAyA hU~, Apa yadi le Aye haiM to hameM vApasa deveN|" yadi usake bhAva nahIM dene ke hoM to use dhArmika vAkya kahakara de dene ke lie utsAhita kre| yadi phira bhI na denA cAhe to use pAritoSika Adi dilAne kA AzvAsana de / yadi vaha rAjyAdhikArI ho aura mAMgane para bhI na de to usake lie sAdhu yathocita upAyoM se jahAM taka sambhava ho use vApasa lAne kA prayatna kre| yadi phira bhI vaha na de to Upara ke adhikAriyoM taka sUcanA bhijavAkara vApasa mAMgane kA prayatna kre| phira bhI na mile yA le jAne vAle kA patA na lage to jisa gahastha ke ra / ke yahAM se vaha zayyAsaMstArakAdi lAyA hai usako usake apaharaNa kI bAta khe| yadi vaha kisI prakAra se use vApasa le Ave to usako dUsarI bAra prAjJA lekara upayoga meM le / yadi use bhI vaha na mile to dUsare zayyA-saMstAraka kI yAcanA kare / yadi vaha sAdhu aisA yathocita viveka-anveSaNa nahIM karatA hai to prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka [191 anta meM bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki zayyA-saMstAraka kA svAmI rAjA ke dvArA deza se nikAla diyA gayA ho yA vaha apane kuTumba parivAra ko lekara anyatra calA gayA ho, athavA kAladharma ko prApta ho gayA ho, athavA roga, vRddhAvasthA prAdi ke kAraNa sAdhu svayaM gaveSaNA karane meM asamartha ho yA isI prakAra kA aura koI kAraNa ho jAe to vaisI avasthA meM khoe gae zayyA-saMstAraka kI gaveSaNA nahIM karatA huA bhI sAdhu prAyazcitta kA bhAgI nahIM hotA hai| Agantuka zramaNoM ko pUrvAjJA meM rahane kA vidhAna 28. jaddivasaM ca NaM samaNA niggaMthA sejjAsaMthArayaM vippajahaMti, tadivasaM ca NaM avare samaNA niggaMthA havvamAgacchejjA, sacceva oggahassa puvvANuNNavaNA ciTThai ahAlaMdamavi uggahe / 29. atthi yA ittha kei uvassayapariyAvannaya acitte pariharaNArihe, sacceva' uggahassa puvANuNNavaNA ciTThai, ahAlaMdamavi uggahe / 28. jisa dina zramaNa-nirgrantha zayyA-saMstAraka chor3akara vihAra kara rahe hoM usI dina yA usI samaya dUsare zramaNa-nirgrantha A jAveM to usI pUrva grahIta AjJA se jitane bhI samaya rahanA ho, zayyA-saMstAraka ko grahaNa karake raha sakate haiM / 29. yadi upayoga meM Ane yogya koI acitta upakaraNa upAzraya meM ho to usakA bhI usI pUrva kI AjJA se jitane kAla rahanA ho, upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai / vivecana--jisa upAzraya meM sAdhu mAsakalpa yA varSAkalpa taka kI AjJA lekara rahe haiM, vahAM se ve jisa dina vihAra kareM usI dina anya sAdhu usa upAzraya meM Thaharane ke lie A jAveM to ve 'yathAlandakAla' taka upAzraya ke svAmI kI AjJA lie binA Thahara sakate haiM, unake lie utane kAla taka pUrva meM rahane vAle sAdhuoM ke dvArA gRhIta avagraha hI mAnA jaaegaa| pahale Thahare hue sAdhuoM ke dvArA lI gaI AjJA meM unake sArmika sAdhuoM ke Thaharane kI AjJA nihita rahatI hai / ataH unake sAtha koI bhI sAdhu kabhI bhI Akara Thahara sakate haiN| unake liye punaH AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| unake Ane ke bAda pahale Thahare hue sAdhu vihAra kara jAe~ to ve apane kalpAnusAra vahAM ruka sakate haiN| yathAlandakAla kA yahAM 'yathAyogya kalpAnusAra samaya aisA artha hotA hai| yadi pahale Thahare hue sAdhuoM ne vihAra kara mAlika ko makAna supurda kara diyA ho, usake bAda koI sAdhu pAveM to unheM punaH AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| yadi makAna mAlika ne sAdhU-saMkhyA yA makAna kI sImA batAkara hI AjJA dI ho to usase jyAdA sAdhu AveM yA makAna kI sImA se adhika jagaha kA upayoga karanA ho to punaH prAjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| yadi pUrvasthita sAdhuoM kI AjJA meM hI ThaharA jAe to upAzraya meM rahe atirikta zayyA-saMstAraka Adi bhI usI pUrvasthitoM kI AjJA se grahaNa kiye jA sakate haiM aura yathAyogya samaya taka unakA upayoga kara sakate haiN|
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________________ 192] [bRhatkalpasUtra sUtra meM 'acitta' zabda kA prayoga isaliye kiyA gayA hai ki upAzraya meM to kaI sacitta padArtha bhI ho sakate haiN| bhikSu ko sacitta athavA jIvayukta upakaraNa lenA nahIM kalpatA hai, ataH acitta aura upayoga meM Ane yogya upakaraNa hoM to hI bhikSoM kI pUrvagRhIta AjJA se grahaNa kiye jA sakate haiN| yadi yaha jJAta ho jAe ki ina upakaraNoM kI pUrva bhikSutroM ne svAmI se prAjJA nahIM lI hai to Agantuka bhikSu ko unakI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| sUtra kA prAzaya yaha hai ki pUrva bhikSuoM ne jisa makAna kI evaM jina upakaraNoM kI AjJA le rakhI hai unakI punaH AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| svAmI-rahita ghara kI pUrvAjJA evaM punaH AjJA kA vidhAna ___30. se vatthUsu-avvAvaDesu, avyogaDesu, aparapariggahiesu, amarapariggahiesu sacceva uggahassa puvANuNNavaNA ciTThai ahAlaMdamavi ugghe| 31. se vatthUsu-vAvaDesu, bogaDesu, parapariggahiesu, bhikkhubhAvassa aTThAe doccapi uggahe aNunaveyavve siyA ahAlandamavi ugghe| 30. jo ghara kAma meM na A rahA ho, kuTumba dvArA vibhAjita na ho, jisa para kisI anya kA prabhutva na ho athavA kisI deva dvArA adhikRta ho to usameM bhI usI pUrvasthita sAdhunoM kI AjJA se jitane kAla rahanA ho, ThaharA jA sakatA hai| 31. vahI ghara Agantuka bhikSutroM ke Thaharane ke bAda meM kAma meM Ane lagA ho, kuTumba dvArA vibhAjita ho gayA ho yA anya se parigahIta ho gayA ho to bhikSu bhAva arthAt saMyamamaryAdA ke liye jitane samaya rahanA ho usakI dUsarI bAra AjJA le lenI cAhiye / vivecana-1. avyApRta-jo ghara jIrNa-zIrNa hone se yA gira jAne se kisI ke dvArA upayoga meM nahIM pA rahA hai, use 'avyApRta' kahate haiM / 2. avyAkRta--jo ghara aneka svAmiyoM kA hone se kisI ke dvArA apane adhIna nahIM kiyA gayA hai, use 'avyAkRta' kahate haiN| 3. aparaparigRhIta-jo ghara gRhasvAmI ne chor3a diyA ho aura anya kisI vyakti ke dvArA parigRhIta nahIM hai, kintu binA svAmI kA hai, use 'aparaparigRhIta' kahate haiN| 4. amaraparigRhIta--jo ghara kisI kAraNa-vizeSa se nirmAtA ke dvArA chor3a diyA gayA hai aura jisameM kisI yakSa Adi deva ne apanA nivAsa kara liyA hai, use 'amaraparigRhIta' kahate haiN| ukta sthAna se sAdhu vihAra kara anyatra jAne vAle haiN| usa samaya Ane vAle sAdhunoM ko usameM Thaharane ke lie punaH AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki pUrva sthita sAdhuoM ke dvArA lI gaI anujJA hI AjJA mAnI jAtI hai / Agantuka sAdhunoM ke Thaharane para devatA ne usa makAna ko chor3a diyA ho aura usake bAda usa makAna kA koI vAstavika mAlika A jAve to vAstavika mAlika ko punaH prAjJA lenA Avazyaka
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [193 hai| saMyamamaryAdA meM sUkSma adatta kA bhI sevana karanA ucita nahIM hotA hai, ajJAta mAlika ke samaya lI gaI AjJA se jJAta mAlika ke samaya Thaharane para adatta kA sevana hotA hai| ataH vAstavika mAlika ke A jAne para usakI AjJA le lenA caahie| pUrvAjJA se mArga Adi meM Thaharane kA vidhAna 32. se aNukuDDesu vA, aNubhittIsu vA, aNucariyAsu vA, aNupharihAsu vA, aNupaMthesu vA, aNumerAsu vA, sacceva uggahassa punvANuNNavaNA ciTThai / prahAlaMdamavi uggahe / 32. miTTI Adi se nirmita dIvAla ke pAsa, IMTa Adi se nirmita dIvAla ke pAsa, carikA (koTa aura nagara ke bIca ke mArga) ke pAsa, khAI ke pAsa, sAmAnya patha ke pAsa, bAr3a yA koTa ke pAsa bhI usI pUrvasthita sAdhuoM kI AjJA se jitane kAla rahanA ho, ThaharA jA sakatA hai| vivecana--mArga meM koTa Adi ke kinAre yA kisI ke makAna kI dIvAra ke pAsa ThaharanA ho to usake mAlika kI, rAhagIra kI athavA zakrendra kI AjJA lenI cAhiye / vahAM baiThe sAdhuoM ke uThane ke pUrva anya sAdhu A jAe~ to ve usI AjJA meM Thahara sakate haiN| unako punaH kisI kI AjJA lenA Avazyaka sahIM hai / yahAM bhASya meM makAna kI dIvAla ke pAsa kitanI jagaha kA svAmitva kisakA hotA hai, usakA aneka vibhAgoM se alaga-alaga mApa batAyA hai| zeSa bhUmi rAjA ke svAmitva kI honA batAyA hai| senA ke samIpavartI kSetra meM gocarI jAne kA vidhAna evaM rAta rahane kA prAyazcitta ____33. se gAmassa vA jAva rAyahANIe vA bahiyA seNNaM sanniviTTha pehAe kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA taddivasaM bhikkhAyariyAe gaMtUNa paDiniyattae no se kappai taM raNi tatyeva uvaainnaavette| jo khalu niggaMthe vA niggaMthI vA taM raNi tattheva uvAiNAvei, uvAiNAvetaM vA sAijjai / se duhao vi aikkamamANe Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 33. grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI ke bAhara zatrusenA kA paDAva ho to nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko bhikSAcaryA ke liye bastI meM jAkara usI dina lauTakara AnA kalpatA hai kintu unheM vahAM rAta rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| jo nirgrantha yA nirgranthI vahAM rAta rahate haiM yA rAta rahane vAle kA anumodana karate haiM, ve jinAjJA aura rAjAjJA donoM kA atikramaNa karate hue cAturmAsika anudghAtika prAyazcitta ko prApta hote haiN| vivecana-senA ke par3Ava ke nikaTa se sAdhu ko gamanAgamana karane kA prAcA. zru. 2, a. 3 meM niSedha kiyA hai aura yahAM vihArAdi meM atyanta Avazyaka hone para senA ke paDAva ko pAra kara grAmAdi ke bhItara gocarI jAne kA vidhAna hai| __ isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki senA ke paDAva ke samaya meM jahAM bhikSAcaroM ko kevala bhikSA lekara Ane kI hI chUTa ho aura anyoM ke liye praveza banda ho taba bhikSu ko bhikSA lekara ke zIghra hI lauTa
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________________ 194] [bahatkalpasUtra jAnA cAhiye, andara nahIM ThaharanA cAhiye / andara Thaharane para rAjAjJA evaM jinAjJA kA ullaMghana hone se vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| avagrahakSetra kA pramANa 34. se gAmaMsi vA jAva sannivesaMsi vA kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA savvAno samaMtA sakkosaM jAyeNaM uggahaM opihitANaM citttthitte| 34. nirgranthoM aura nirganthiyoM ko grAma yAvat sanniveza meM cAroM ora se eka kosa sahita eka yojanA kA avagraha grahaNa karake rahanA kalpatA hai arthAt eka dizA meM DhAI kosa jAnA-mAnA kalpatA hai| vivecana-upAzraya se kisI bhI eka dizA meM bhikSu ko ar3hAI kosa taka jAnA-pAnA kalpatA hai, isase adhika kSetra meM jAnA-mAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadyapi gocarI ke liye bhikSu ko do kosa taka hI jAnA kalpatA hai tathApi DhAI kosa kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki do kosa gocarI ke liye gaye hue bhikSu ko vahAM kabhI mala-mUtra kI bAdhA ho jAe to bAdhA nivAraNa ke liye vahAM se vaha AdhA kosa aura Age jA sakatA hai / taba kula ar3hAI kosa eka dizA meM gamanAgamana hotA hai| pUrva-pazcima yA uttara-dakSiNa yoM do-do dizAoM ke kSetra kA yoga karane para pAMca koza arthAt savA yojana kA avagrahakSetra hotA hai| use hI sUtra meM sakosa yojana avagrahakSetra kahA hai| sUtra 1-2 tIsare uddezaka kA sArAMza sAdhu ko sAdhvI ke upAzraya meM aura sAdhvI ko sAdhu ke upAzraya meM baiThanA, sonA prAdi pravRttiyAM nahIM karanI caahiye| romarahita carmakhaNDa Avazyaka hone para sAdhu-sAdhvI grahaNa kara sakate haiM, kintu saromacarma unheM nahIM kalpatA hai / AgAr3ha paristhitivaza gRhastha ke sadA upayoga meM Ane vAlA saromacarma eka rAtri ke liye sAdhu grahaNa kara sakatA hai kintu sAdhvI ke liye to usakA sarvathA niSedha hai| bahumUlya vastra evaM akhaNDa thAna yA AvazyakatA se adhika lambA vastra sAdhu-sAdhvI ko nahIM rakhanA caahiye| guptAMga ke nikaTa pahane jAne vAle laMgoTa jAMghiyA Adi upakaraNa sAdhu ko nahIM rakhanA cAhiye kintu sAdhvI ko ye upakaraNa rakhanA Avazyaka hai| sAdhvI ko apanI nizrA se vastra grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhiye kintu anya pravartinI prAdi kI nizrA se vaha vastra kI yAcanA kara sakatI hai| 7-10 11-12
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________________ tosarA uddezaka] [195 sUtra 14-15 dIkSA lete samaya sAdhu-sAdhvI ko rajoharaNa gocchaga (pramArjanikA) evaM Avazyaka pAtra grahaNa karane cAhiye tathA muhapatti caddara colapaTTaka Adi ke liye bhikSu adhikatama tIna thAna ke mApa jitane vastra le sakatA hai evaM sAdhvI cAra thAna ke mApa jitane vastra le sakatI hai / 16-17 sAdhu-sAdhvI ko cAturmAsa meM vastra grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhiye kintu hemanta grISma Rtu meM ve vastra le sakate haiN| 18-19-20 svastha sAdhu-sAdhvI ko vastra evaM zayyA-saMstAraka dIkSAparyAya ke anukrama se grahaNa karane cAhiye evaM vandanA bhI dIkSAparyAya ke krama se karanI caahiye| 21-23 svastha sAdhu-sAdhvI ko gRhastha ke ghara meM baiThanA Adi sUtrokta kArya nahIM karane cAhiye tathA vahAM amaryAdita vArtAlApa yA upadeza bhI nahIM denA cAhiye / Avazyaka ho to khar3e-khar3e hI maryAdita kathana kiyA jA sakatA hai| 24-26 zayyAtara evaM anya gRhastha ke zayyA-saMstAraka ko vihAra karane ke pUrva avazya lauTA denA cAhiye tathA jisa avasthA meM grahaNa kiyA ho, vaisA hI vyavasthita karake lauTAnA caahiye| zayyA-saMstAraka kho jAne para usakI khoja karanA evaM na milane para usake svAmI ko kho jAne kI sUcanA dekara anya zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa krnaa| yadi khoja karane para mila jAe to AvazyakatA na rahane para lauTA denA cAhiye / 28-32 sAdhu-sAdhvI upAzraya meM, zUnya gRha meM yA mArga Adi meM kahIM para bhI AjJA lekara Thahare hoM aura unake vihAra karane ke pUrva hI dUsare sAdhu vihAra karake A jAeM to ve usI pUrvagRhIta AjJA se vahAM Thahara sakate haiM kintu navIna AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| __ yadi zUnya gRha kA koI svAmI prakaTa ho jAe to puna: usakI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| grAmAdi ke bAhara senA kA par3Ava ho to bhikSA ke liye sAdhu-sAdhvI andara jA sakate haiM, kintu unheM vahAM rAtrinivAsa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| rAtrinivAsa karane para gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI jisa upAzraya meM Thahare hoM, vahAM se kisI bhI eka dizA meM ar3hAI kosa taka gamanAgamana kara sakate haiM, usase adhika nhiiN| upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meMsAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko eka-dUsare ke upAzraya meM baiThane Adi ke niSedha kA, carma grahaNa ke kalpyAkalpya kA,
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________________ 196] [bahatkalpasUtra sUtra 7-10,13, vastra-grahaNa ke kalpyAkalpya kA, 11-12 guptAMga pAvaraka vastroM ke kalpyAkalpya kA, . 14-15 dIkSA-samaya grahaNa karane ke kalpanIya upakaraNoM kA, 18-20 dIkSAparyAya ke krama se vandana Adi kA, gRhastha ke ghara baiThane yA vArtAlApa Adi ke kalpyAkalpya kA, 24-27 zayyA-saMstAraka sambandhI vidhiyoM kA, 28-32 naye Aye sAdhuoM ko pUrvAjJA meM Thaharane kA, senA ke par3Ava vAle grAmAdi se bhikSA lAne kA, upAzraya se gamanAgamana ke kSetrAvagraha kA, ityAdi vibhinna viSayoM kA varNana hai| 21-23 34 // tIsarA uddezaka samApta //
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________________ cauthA uddezaka anudghAtika prAyazcitta ke sthAna 1. tao aNugghAiyA paNNattA, taM jahA--- 1. hatthaphamma karemANe, 2. mehuNaM paDisevamANe, 3. rAibhoyaNaM bhujmaanne| 1. anudghAtika prAyazcitta ke yogya ye tIna kahe gaye haiM, yathA--- 1. hastakarma karane vAlA, 2. maithuna sevana karane vAlA, 3. rAtribhojana karane vaalaa| vivecana-jisa doSa kI sAmAnya tapa se zuddhi kI jA sake, use udghAtika prAyazcitta kahate haiM aura jisa doSa kI vizeSa tapa se hI zuddhi kI jA sake, use anudghAtika prAyazcitta kahate haiN| hastakarma karane vAlA, strI ke sAtha saMbhoga karane vAlA aura rAtribhojana karane vAlA bhikSu mahApApa karane vAlA hotA hai, kyoMki inameM se do brahmacarya mahAvrata ko bhaMga karane vAle haiM aura antima rAtribhaktaviramaNa nAmaka chaThe vrata ko bhaMga karane vAlA hai| ataH ye tInoM hI anudAtika prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| bhagavatIsUtra za. 25, u. 6, sU. 195 meM tathA uvavAIsUtra 30 meM prAyazcitta ke dasa bheda batAye gaye haiM 1. AlocanA, 2. pratikramaNa, 3. tadubhaya, 4. viveka, 5. vyutsarga, 6. tapa, 7. cheda, 8. mUla, 9. anavasthApya, 10. pArAJcika / inakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai 1. AlocanA- svIkRta vratoM ko yathAvidhi pAlana karate hue bhI chadmastha hone ke kAraNa vratoM meM jo atikrama Adi doSa lagA ho, use guru ke sammukha nivedana krnaa| 2. pratikramaNa-apane kartavya kA pAlana karate hue bhI jo bhUleM hotI haiM unakA "micchA me dukkaDaM hojjA" uccAraNa kara apane doSa se nivRtta honaa| . 3. tadubhaya-mUlaguNa yA uttaraguNoM meM lage aticAroM kI nivRtti ke lie AlocanA aura pratikramaNa donoM krnaa| 4. viveka-gRhIta bhakta-pAna Adi ke sadoSa jJAta hone para use paraThanA / 5. vyutsarga-gamanAgamana karane para, nidrAvasthA meM burA svapna pAne para, naukA Adi se nadI pAra karane para ityAdi pravRttiyoM ke bAda nirdhArita zvAsocchvAsa kAla-pramANa kAyA kA utsarga karanA arthAt khar3e hokara dhyAna krnaa| 6. tapa-pramAda-vizeSa se anAcAra ke sevana karane para guru dvArA diye gaye tapa kA AcaraNa krnaa|
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________________ 198] isake do bheda haiM-udghAtima arthAt laghuprAyazcitta aura anuddhAtima arthAt guruprAyazcitta / ina donoM ke bhI mAsika aura cAturmAsika ke bheda se do-do bheda hote haiN| yadi rAjasattA yA pretabAdhA Adi se paravaza hone para vata-virAdhanA ho to--- 1. laghumAsatapa (udghAtima) prAyazcitta meM jaghanya 4, madhyama 15 aura utkRSTa 27 ekAsana karanA prAvazyaka hai| 2. gurumAsatapa (anudghAtima) prAyazcitta meM kramazaH 4 nIvI, 15 nIvI aura 30 nIvI karanA Avazyaka hai| 3. laghucAturmAsika tapa meM kramazaH 4 AyaMbila, 60 nIvI aura 108 upavAsa karanA Avazyaka hai| . 4. gurucAturmAsika tapa meM kramazaH 4 upavAsa, 4 bele aura 120 upavAsa yA 4 mAsa kA dIkSAcheda Avazyaka hai| yadi AturatA se jAnabUjha kara vrata-virAdhanA ho to... 1. laghumAsa meM jaghanya 4, madhyama 15 aura utkRSTa 27 AyaMbila karanA Avazyaka hai| 2. gurumAsa meM jaghanya 4, madhyama 15 aura utkRSTa 30 AyaMbila karanA Avazyaka hai| 3. laghucAturmAsika meM jaghanya 4 upavAsa, madhyama 4 bele aura utkRSTa 108 upavAsa karanA prAvazyaka hai| 4. gurucAturmAsika meM jaghanya 4 bele, 4 dina kA dIkSA-cheda, madhyama meM 4 tele tathA 6 dina kA dIkSA-cheda aura utkRSTa meM 120 upavAsa tathA 4 mAsa kA dIkSA-cheda Avazyaka hai| yadi mohanIyakarma ke prabala udaya se vrata kI virAdhanA huI hai to-- 1. laghumAsaprAyazcitta meM jaghanya 4 upavAsa, madhyama 15 upavAsa aura utkRSTa 27 upavAsa karanA Avazyaka hai| 2. gurumAsaprAyazcitta meM jaghanya 4 upavAsa, madhyama 15 upavAsa aura utkRSTa 30 upavAsa karanA Avazyaka hai| __3. laghucAturmAsika prAyazcitta meM jaghanya 4 bele, pAraNe meM AyaMbila, madhyama meM 4 tele, pAraNe meM AyaMbila aura utkRSTa 108 upavAsa aura pAraNe meM AyaMbila karanA Avazyaka hai| 4. gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta meM jaghanya 4 tele, pAraNe meM AyaMbila yA 40 dina kA dIkSAcheda, madhyama 15 tele, pAraNe meM AyaMbila yA 60 dina kA dIkSA-cheda aura utkRSTa 120 upavAsa aura pAraNe meM AyaMbila yA mUla (naI dIkSA) yA 120 dina kA cheda prAyazcitta Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsana meM utkRSTa prAyazcitta chaha mAsa kA hotA hai, isase adhika prAyazcitta denA Avazyaka ho to dIkSA-cheda kA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| laghu chaha mAsa meM 165 upavAsa aura guru chaha mAsa meM 180 upavAsoM kA vidhAna hai| prAyazcitta dene vAle AcAryAdi ziSya kI zakti aura vrata-bhaMga kI paristhiti ko dekhakara yathAyogya hInAdhika prAyazcitta bhI dete haiN|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [199 7. cheda-aneka vratoM kI virAdhanA karane vAle aura binA kAraNa apavAdamArga kA sevana karane vAle sAdhu kI dIkSA kA chedana karanA 'cheda prAyazcitta' hai| yaha prAyazcitta bhI chaha mAsa kA hotA hai| isase adhika prAyazcitta denA Avazyaka hone para mUla (naI dIkSA kA) prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| ___8. mUla-jo sAdhu-sAdhvI jAnabUjha kara dveSabhAva se kisI paMcendriya prANI kA ghAta kara. isI prakAra mRSAvAda Adi pApoM kA aneka bAra sevana kare aura svataH pAlocanA na kare to usakI pUrvagRhIta dIkSA kA samUla chedana karanA 'mUla prAyazcitta' hai| aise prAyazcitta vAle ko punaH dIkSA grahaNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| 9. anavasthApya-hiMsA, corI Adi pApa karane para jisakI zuddhi mUla prAyazcitta se bhI sambhava na ho, use gahasthaveSa dhAraNa karAye binA pUnaH dIkSita na karanA 'anavasthApya prAyazcitta' hai| isameM alpa samaya ke liye bhI gahasthaveSa dhAraNa karAnA Avazyaka hotA hai| 10. pArAJcika-anavasthApya prAyazcitta se bhI jisakI zuddhi sambhava na ho, aise viSaya kaSAya yA pramAda kI tIvratA se doSa sevana karane vAle ko jaghanya eka varSa aura utkRSTa bAraha varSa taka gRhasthaveza dhAraNa karAyA jAtA hai evaM sAdhu ke saba vrata-niyamoM kA pAlana karAyA jAtA hai / usake pazcAt navIna dIkSA dI jAtI hai, use pArAJcika prAyazcitta kahate haiN| pArAJcika prAyazcitta ke sthAna 2. tao pAraMciyA paNNatA, taM jahA 1. duThe pAraMcie, 2. pamate pAraMcie, 3. annamana karemANe paarNcie| pArAJcika prAyazcitta ke yogya ye tIna kahe gae haiM, yathA-- 1. duSTa pArAJcika, 2. pramatta pArAJcika, 3. paraspara maithunasevI pArAJcika / vivecana-pArAJcika zabda kA nirukta hai--jisa prAyazcitta ke dvArA zuddha kiyA huA sAdhu saMsAra-samudra ko pAra kara sake / athavA prAyazcitta ke dasa bhedoM meM jo antima prAyazcitta hai aura sabase utkRSTa hai-use pArAJcika prAyazcitta kahate haiM / isa sUtra meM pArAJcika prAyazcitta ke tIna sthAna kahe gaye haiN| unameM prathama duSTa pArAJcika hai / isake do bheda haiM-kaSAyaduSTa aura viSayaduSTa / 1. kavAyatuSTa-jo krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI prabalatAvaza kisI sAdhu Adi kA ghAta kara de vaha kaSAyaduSTa hai| 2. viSayaduSTa-jo indriyoM kI viSayAsakti se sAdhvI Adi striyoM meM Asakta ho jAya aura unake sAtha viSayasevana kare, use viSayaduSTa kahate haiN| pramatta pArAJcika pAMca prakAra ke hote haiM1. madya-pramatta-madirA Adi nazIlI vastuoM ke sevana karane vAle madya-pramatta kahe gae haiM / 2. viSaya-pramatta-indriyoM ke viSaya-lolupI viSaya-pramatta kahe gae haiM / 3. kaSAya-pramatta-kaSAyoM kI prabalatA vAle kaSAya-pramatta kahe gae haiN|
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________________ 200] [bahatkalpasUtra 4. vikathA-pramatta-strIkathA, rAjakathA Adi kriyAe~ karane vAle vikathA-pramatta kahe gae haiM / 5. nidrA-pramatta-styAnaddhi-nidrA vAle nidrA-pramatta kahe gae haiN| __ jo vyakti ghora nidrA meM se uThakara nahIM karane yogya bhayaMkara kAryoM ko karake punaH so jAtA hai aura jAgane para use apane dvArA kiye gaye duSkara kAryoM ko kucha bhI smRti nahIM rahatI hai, aise vyakti ko nidrA-pramatta kahate haiN| jo sAdhu kisI dUsare sAdhu ke sAtha anaMga-krIr3A rUpa maithuna karatA hai, ve donoM hI pArAJcika prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| isa prakAra duSTa, pramatta aura paraspara maithunasevI kI zuddhi pArAJcika prAyazcitta se hotI hai / anavasthApya prAyazcitta ke sthAna 3. tao aNavaTuppA paNNattA, taM jahA 1. sAhammiyANaM teNNaM karemANe, 2. annadhammiyANaM teNNaM karemANe, 3. hatthAvAlaM dlmaanne| anavasthApya prAyazcitta yogya ye tIna kahe gaye haiM, yathA--- 1. sArmikoM kI corI karane vAlA, 2. anyadhAmikoM kI corI karane vAlA, 3. apase hAthoM se prahAra karane vaalaa| vivecana-isa sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai 1. jo sAdhu apane samAna dharma vAle sAdharmIjanoM ke vastra, pAtra, pustaka Adi kI corI karatA hai| 2. jo anyadhArmika janoM ke arthAt bauddha, sAMkhya Adi matoM ke mAnane vAle sAdhu Adi ke vastra, pAtra, pustaka Adi kI corI karatA hai| 3. jo apane hAtha se dUsare ko tADanAdi karatA hai, muTThI, lakar3I Adi se mAratA hai yA mantra-tantra Adi se kisI ko pIr3ita karatA hai / ina tInoM ko anavasthApya prAyazcitta pAtA hai| dIkSA Adi ke ayogya tIna prakAra ke napuMsaka 4-9. tao no kappaMti pavAvettae, taM jahA 1. paNDae, 2. vAie, 3. kove / evaM muNDAvettae, sikkhAvettae, uvaTThAvettae, saMbhu jittae, sNvaasitte| ina tIna ko pravajita karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, yathA1. paNDaka-mahilA sadRza svabhAva vAlA janma-napusaka, 2. vAtika-kAmavAsanA kA damana na kara sakane vAlA 3. kliib-asmrth|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [201 isI prakAra muNDita karanA, zikSita karanA, upasthApita karanA, eka maNDalI meM sAtha biThAkara AhAra karanA tathA sAtha rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-1. paNDaka-jo janma se napuMsaka hotA hai, use 'paNDaka' kahate haiN| 2. vAtika-jo vAtarogI hai arthAt kAmavAsanA kA nigraha karane meM asamartha hotA hai, use 'vAtika' kahate haiN| 3. klIba-asamartha yA puruSatvahIna kAyara puruSa ko 'klIba' kahate haiN| ye tInoM hI prakAra ke napusaka dIkSA dene ke yogya nahIM haiM, kyoMki aise vyaktiyoM ko dIkSita karane se pravacana kA upahAsa aura nirgrantha dharma kI nindA Adi aneka doSa hote haiN| yadi pUrI jAnakArI kie binA ukta prakAra ke napusakoM ko dIkSA de dI gaI ho aura bAda meM unakA napuMsakapana jJAta ho to use muNDita nahIM kare arthAt unake kezoM kA lucana nahIM kare / yadi kezalucana ke pazcAt napuMsakapana jJAta ho to unheM mahAvratoM meM upasthApita na kare arthAt bar3I dIkSA na de| yadi bar3I dIkSA ke pazcAt unakA napusakapana jJAta ho to unake sAtha eka maNDalI meM baiThakara khAna-pAna na kre| yadi isake pazcAt unakA napuMsakapana jJAta ho to unheM sone-baiThane ke sthAna para eka sAtha na sulaave-bitthaave| abhiprAya yaha hai ki ukta tInoM prakAra ke napuMsaka kisI bhI prakAra se dIkSA dene yogya nahIM haiN| kadAcit dIkSita ho bhI jAya to jJAta hone para saMgha meM rakhane yogya nahIM hote haiM / vAcanA dene ke yogyAyogya ke lakSaNa 10. tao no kappaMti vAittae, taM jahA--- 1. aviNIe, 2. vigai-paDibaddha, 3. aviosaviyapAhaDe / 11. tao kappaMti vAittae, taM jahA 1. viNIe, 2. no vigai-paDibaddha, 3. viosaviyapAhuDe / 10. tIna ko vAcanA denA nahIM kalpatA hai, yathA 1. pravinIta-vinayabhAva na karane vAle ko, 2. vikRti-pratibaddha-vikRtiyoM meM prAsakta rahane vAle ko, 3. anupazAMtaprAbhRta-anupazAnta krodha vAle ko| 11. ina tInoM ko vAcanA denA kalpatA hai, yathA 1. vinIta-sUtrArthadAtA ke prati vandanAdi vinaya karane vAle ko, 2. vikRti-apratibaddha-vikRtiyoM meM prAsakta na rahane vAle ko, 3. upazAntaprAbhRta-upazAnta krodha vAle ko /
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________________ 202] [bRhatkalpasUtra vivecana-1. avinIta-jo vinaya-rahita hai, AcArya yA dIkSAjyeSTha sAdhu Adi ke AnejAne para abhyutthAna, satkAra-sammAna Adi yathocita vinaya ko nahIM karatA hai, vaha 'avinIta' kahA gayA hai| 2. vikRti-pratibaddha--jo dUdha, dahI Adi rasoM meM gaddha hai, una rasoM ke nahIM milane para sUtrArtha Adi ke grahaNa karane meM manda udyamI rahatA hai, vaha 'vikRti-pratibaddha' kahA gayA hai| 3. avyavaza mitaprAbhUta-alpa aparAdha karane para jo aparAdhI para pracaNDa krodha karatA hai aura kSamA-yAcanA kara lene para bhI bAra-bAra usa para krodha prakaTa karatA rahatA hai, use 'avyavazamitaprAbhRta' kahate haiN| ye tIna prakAra ke sAdhu sUtra-vAcanA aura ubhaya-vAcanA ke ayogya haiM, kyoMki vinaya se hI vidyA kI prApti hotI hai, avinayI ziSya ko vidyA par3hAnA vyartha yA niSphala to jAtA hai, pratyuta kabhI-kabhI duSphala bhI detA hai| jo dUdha-dahI Adi vikRtiyoM meM prAsakta hai, usake hRdaya meM dI gaI vAcanA sthira nahIM raha sakatI hai ataH use bhI vAcanA denA vyartha hai| jisake svabhAva meM ugratA hai, jarA-sA bhI aparAdha ho jAne para jo aparAdhI para bhArI roSa prakaTa karatA hai, kSamA mAMga lene para bhI bAra-bAra doharAtA hai, aise vyakti ko bhI vAcanA denA vyartha hotA hai| aise vyakti se loga isa janma meM bhI sneha karanA chor3a dete haiM aura parabhava ke lie bhI vaha tIvra vairAnubandha karatA hai, isalie ukta tInoM hI prakAra ke ziSya sUtra, artha yA donoM kI vAcanA ke lie ayogya kahe gaye haiN| kintu jo vinaya-sampanna haiM, dUdha, dahI Adi vigayoM ke sevana meM jinakI Asakti nahIM hai aura jo kSamAzIla haiM, aise ziSyoM ko hI sUtra kI, usake artha kI tathA donoM kI vAcanA denA cAhie, kyoMki unako dI gaI vAcanA zruta kA vistAra karatI hai, grahaNa karane vAle kA ihaloka aura paraloka sudhAratI hai aura jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA karatI hai| sUtrokta doSa vAlA bhikSu saMyama ArAdhanA ke bhI ayogya hotA hai / use dIkSA bhI nahIM dI jA sakatI hai| dIkSA dene ke bAda ina avaguNoM ke jJAta hone para use vAcanA ke lie upAdhyAya ke pAsa nahIM rakhanA cAhie kintu pravartaka evaM sthavira ke netRtva meM anya adhyayana zikSAeM evaM AcAravidhi kA jJAna karAnA caahie| aisA karane para yadi ukta yogyatA prApta ho jAe to vAcanA ke lie upAdhyAya ke pAsa rakhA jA sakatA hai| yogya na banane para sadA agItArtha rahatA hai aura dUsaroM ke anuzAsana meM rahate hue saMyama pAlana karatA hai| jo gacchapramukha sUtrokta vidhi kA pAlana na karate hue yogya-ayogya ke nirNaya kie binA sabhI ko icchita vAcanA dete haiM-upAdhyAya Adi vAcanA dene vAle kI niyukti nahIM karate haiM athavA unake prati vinaya-pratipatti Adi ke pAlana kI vyavasthA bhI nahIM karate haiN| isa prakAra vAcanA sambandhI sUtra-vidhAnoM kA yathArtha pAlana nahIM karane se ve gacchapramukha nizItha u. 19 ke anusAra prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiM / ye prAyazcitta isa prakAra haiM 1. prAgamanirdiSTa krama se vAcanA na de kintu svecchAnusAra kisI bhI sUtra kI vAcanA de yA dilvaae|
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________________ dhauyA uddezaka] [203 2. prAcArAMga sUtra kI vAcanA die binA chedasUtroM kI vAcanA de yA dilavAve / 3. avinIta yA ayogya sAdhuoM ko kAlikazruta kI vAcanA de| 4. vinayavAn yogya sAdhuoM ko yathAsamaya vAcanA dene kA dhyAna na rkhe| 5. vigayoM kA tyAga nahIM karane vAle evaM kalaha ko upazAnta nahIM karane vAle ko vAcanA de| 6. solaha varSa se kama umra vAle ko kAlikazruta (aMgasUtra yA chedasUtra) kI bAcanA de| 7. samAna yogyatA vAle sAdhuoM meM se kisI ko vAcanA de, kisI ko na de| 8. svagaccha ke yA anyagaccha ke zithilAcArI sAdhu ko vAcanA de| 9. mithyAmata vAle gRhastha ko vAcanA de yA use vAcanA lene vAloM meM biThAve to inako laghucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| --nizItha u. 19, sUtra 16-35 zikSA-prApti ke yogyAyogya ke lakSaNa 12. tao dussannappA paNNattA, taM jahA 1. duche, 2. mUDhe, 3. buggaahie| 13. tao susannappA paNNatA, taM jahA 1. pravuThe, 2. amUDhe, 3. aggaahie| 12. ye tIna duHsaMjJApya (durbodhya) kahe gaye haiM, yathA1. duSTa---tatvopadeSTA ke prati dveSa rakhane vAlA, 2. mUDha---guNa aura doSoM se anabhijJa, 3. vyudgrAhita-aMdhazraddhA vAlA durAgrahI / 13. ye tIna susaMjJApya (subodhya) kahe gae haiM, yathA1. aduSTa-tattvopadeSTA ke prati dveSa na rakhane vAlA, 2. amUDha---guNa aura doSoM kA jJAtA, 3. avyudgrAhita-samyak zraddhA vAlA / vivecana-1. 'duSTa' jo zAstra kI prarUpaNA karane vAle guru Adi se dveSa rakhe athavA yathArtha pratipAdana kiye jAne vAle tattva ke prati dveSa rakhe, use 'duSTa' kahate haiN| 2. mUDha-guNa aura avaguNa ke viveka se rahita vyakti ko 'mUDha' kahate haiM / 3. vyugrAhita-viparIta zraddhA vAle atyanta kadAgrahI puruSa ko 'vyudgrAhita' kahate haiN| ye tInoM hI prakAra ke sAdhu duHsaMjJApya haiM arthAt inako samajhAnA bahuta kaThina hai, samajhAne para bhI ye nahIM samajhate haiM, inheM zikSA dene yA samajhAne se bhI koI prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai| ataH ye sUtravAcanA ke pUrNa ayogya hote haiN| kintu jo dveSabhAva se rahita haiM, hita-ahita ke viveka se yukta haiM aura viparIta zraddhA vAle yA kadAgrahI nahIM haiM, ve zikSA dene ke yogya hote haiM / aise vyaktiyoM ko hI
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________________ 204] [bRhatkalpasUtra zruta evaM artha kI vAcanA denI caahie| kyoMki ye pratipAdita tattva ko saralatA se yA sugamatA se grahaNa karate hai| glAna ko maithunabhAva kA prAyazcitta 14. niggathi ca NaM gilAyamANi piyA vA bhAyA vA putto vA palissaejjA, taM ca nigAyI sAijjejjA mehuNapaDisevaNapattA Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 15. nigaMthaM ca gilAyamANaM mAyA vA bhagiNI yA dhUyA vA palissaejjA, taM ca niggathe sAijjejjA mehuNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihArahANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 14. glAna nirgranthI ke pitA, bhrAtA yA putra giratI huI nirgranthI ko hAtha kA sahArA deM, girI huI ko uThAveM, svataH uThane-baiThane meM asamartha ko uThAveM biThAveM, usa samaya vaha nirgranthI maithunasevana ke pariNAmoM se puruSasparza kA anumodana kare to vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai| 15. glAna nirgrantha kI mAtA, bahina yA beTI girate hue nirgrantha ko hAtha kA sahArA deM, gire hue ko uThAe~, svataH baiThane-uThane meM asamartha ko uThAe~, biThAe~, usa samaya vaha nirgrantha maithunasevana ke pariNAmoM se strIsparza kA anumodana kare to vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana-sAdhvI ke lie puruSa ke zarIra kA sparza aura sAdhu ke lie strI ke zarIra kA sparza brahmacarya kI rakSA ke lie sarvathA vajita hai| bImArI Adi ke samaya bhI sAdhvI kI sAdhvI aura sAdhu kI sAdhu hI paricaryA kareM, yahI jina-prAjJA hai| kintu kadAcit aisA avasara prA jAya ki koI sAdhvI zarIra-bala ke kSINa hone se kahIM para Ate yA jAte hue gira jAya aura use dekhakara usa sAdhvI kA pitA, bhAI yA putrAdi koI bhI puruSa use uThAe, biThAe yA anya zarIra-paricaryA kare taba usake zarIra ke sparza se yadi sAdhvI ke mana meM kAma-vAsanA jAgRta ho jAya to usake lie cAturmAsika anudghAtika prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| isI prakAra bImArI Adi se kSINabala koI sAdhu kahIM gira jAya aura usakI mAtA, bahina yA putrI Adi koI bhI strI use uThAe, taba usake sparza se yadi sAdhu ke mana meM kAma-vAsanA jaga jAya to vaha sAdhu gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra kahA gayA hai| yahAM prAyazcitta kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha rugNa sAdhu yA sAdhvI sparzaparicAraNA kA anubhava kare to ve ukta prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiN| prathama prahara ke AhAra ko caturtha prahara meM rakhane kA niSedha 16. no kappai niggaMthANa vA, niggaMthoNa vA asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA, paDhamAe porisIe paDiggAhettA, pacchimaM porisi uvaainnaavette|
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________________ [205 cauyA uddezaka se ya pAhacca uvAiNAvie siyA taM no appaNA bhujejjA, no annesi aNuppadejjA, egante bahuphAsue theDile paDilehittA pamajjittA paridvaveyave siyaa| taM appaNA bhujamANe, annesi vA dalamANe Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM ugdhAiyaM / nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko prathama pauruSI meM grahaNa kie hue prazana yAvat svAdima ko antima pauruSI taka apane pAsa rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kadAcit vaha prAhAra raha jAya to use svayaM na khAe aura na anya ko de kintu ekAnta aura sarvathA acitta sthaMDilabhUmi kA pratilekhana evaM pramArjana kara usa AhAra ko paraTha denA caahie| yadi usa AhAra ko svayaM khAe yA anya ko de to vaha udghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana -pauruSI kA artha hai prhr| dina ke prathama prahara meM lAyA gayA AhAra caturtha prahara taka rakhanA yogya nahIM hai / isake pUrva hI sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko use kAma meM le lenA caahie| yadi bhUla Adi se kabhI raha jAya to kAlAtikrama ho jAne para sAdhu-sAdhvI na svayaM use khAe~, na dUsaroM ko khilAe~, kintu kisI ekAnta, prAsuka bhUmi para pratilekhana aura pramArjana karake yathAvidhi paraTha deN| yadi ve aisA nahIM karate haiM aura use svayaM khAte haiM yA dUsare sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko dete haiM to ve laghu-cAturmAsika prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiN| bhASyakAra ne isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM itanA aura spaSTa kiyA hai ki jinakalpI sAdhu ko to jisa prahara meM vaha gocarI lAve usI prahara meM use khA lenA caahie| anyathA vaha saMgrahAdi doSa kA bhAgI hotA hai| kintu jo gacchavAsI (sthavirakalpI) sAdhu haiM, ve prathama prahara meM lAyI gaI gocarI ko tIsare prahara taka sevana kara sakate haiN| usake pazcAt sevana karane para ve sUtrokta prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiN| sUtra meM cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA kathana hai, isalie bhikSu AhAra ke sivAya pAnI, phala, meve evaM mukhavAsa bhI cauthe prahara meM nahIM rakha sakate haiM / yadi cAroM prakAra ke AhAra dUsare prahara meM lAye gaye hoM to unheM caturtha prahara taka rakha sakate haiM aura upayoga meM le sakate haiN| prauSadha-bheSaja bhI tIna prahara se adhika nahIM rakha sakate haiN| aisA bhI isa sUtra ke vidhAna se samajhanA cAhie / lepya padArthoM ke lie pAMcaveM uddezaka meM niSedha evaM apavAda batAyA gayA hai| do kosa se Age AhAra le jAne kA niSedha / 17. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA, paraM ajoyaNamerAe uvaainnaavette| se ya Ahacca uvAiNAlie siyA, taM no appaNA bhujejjA, no agnesi aNuppadejjA, egante bahuphAsue thaMDile paDilehittA pamajjittA pariDhuveyadhve siyaa|
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________________ 206] [bRhatkalpasUtra taM appaNA bhujamANe, annesi vA dalamANe, Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM ugghAiyaM / 17. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko prazana yAvat svAdima AhAra ardhayojana kI maryAdA se Age rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kadAcit vaha prAhAra raha jAya to usa AhAra ko svayaM na khAe aura na anya ko de, kintu ekAnta aura sarvathA acitta bhUmi kA pratilekhana evaM pramArjana kara usa AhAra ko yathAvidhi paraTha denA caahie| yadi usa AhAra ko svayaM khAe yA anya nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko de to use udghAtikacAturmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| vivecana-bhikSa apane upAzraya se do kosa dUra ke kSetra se prazanAdi lA sakatA hai evaM vihAra karake kisI bhI dizA meM do kosa taka AhAra-pAnI Adi le jA sakatA hai| usake Age bhUla se le bhI jAe to jAnakArI hone para use khAnA yA pInA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu paraThanA kalpatA hai / Age le jAne para AhArAdi sacitta yA dUSita to nahIM ho jAte haiM, kintu yaha Agamokta kSetra-sImA hone se isakA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| do kosa ke cAra hajAra dhanuSa hote haiM, jisake cAra mAila yA sAta kilomITara lagabhaga kSetra hotA hai / itane kSetra se Age AhAra-pAnI evaM auSadha-bheSaja koI bhI khAdyasAmagrI nahIM le jAnI caahie| anAbhoga se grahaNa kiye aneSaNIya AhAra kI vidhi 15. niggaMtheNa ya gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe aNuppavidreNaM annayare pracitte aNesaNijje pANabhoyaNe paDigAhie siyaa| asthi ya ittha kei sehatarAe aNuvaTThAviyae, kappai se tassa dAuM vA aNuppadAuM vaa| natthi ya itya kei sehatarAe aNuvaTThAviyae, taM no appaNA bhujejjA, no annesi dAvae, egante bahuphAsae paese paDilehittA pamajjittA pariTTaveyave siyaa| 18. AhAra ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM praviSTa nirgrantha ke dvArA koI doSayukta acitta AhArapAnI grahaNa ho jAya to-- ___ vaha aAhAra yadi koI vahA~ anupasthApita ziSya ho to use denA yA eSaNIya prAhAra dene ke bAda meM denA kalpatA hai| yadi koI anupasthApita ziSya na ho to usa aneSaNIya AhAra ko na svayaM khAe aura na anya ko de kintu ekAnta aura acitta pradeza kA pratilekhana aura pramArjana kara yathAvidhi paraTha denA caahie| vivecana-itvarika dIkSA dene ke pazcAt jaba taka yAvajjIvana kI dIkSA nahIM dI jAtA hai, taba taka usa navadIkSita sAdhu ko 'anupasthApita zaikSatara' kahA jAtA hai|
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________________ cauyA uddezaka] [207 choTI dIkSA ke pazcAt bar3I dIkSA dekara mahAvratoM meM upasthApita karane kA jaghanya kAla sAta dina hai aura utkRSTa kAla chaha mAsa hai / aise anupasthApita navadIkSita sAdhu ko asAvadhAnI se AyA humA aneSaNIya acitta prAhAra sevana karane ke lie diyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ aneSaNIya se eSaNA sambandhI doSa se yukta pAhAra samajhanA caahie| yadyapi navadIkSita anupasthApita ziSya bhI saMyamI ginA jAtA hai| tathApi punaH upasthApana karanA nizcita hone se use usa AhAra ke khAne para alaga se koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| ataH paraThane yogya AhAra ko use dene kA sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi sAdhu-maNDalI meM aisA koI navadIkSita anupasthApita ziSya na ho to usa doSayukta AhAra ko na svayaM khAe aura na dUsaroM ko de, kintu prAsuka acitta sthAna para sUtroktavidhi se paraTha denA caahie| sUtra meM 'dAuM' pada hai, usakA abhiprAya hai eka bAra denA aura 'aNuppadAuM' pada kA abhiprAya hai-nimantraNa karanA yA aneka bAra thor3A-thor3A karake denA / auddezika AhAra ke kalpyAkalpya kA vidhAna 19. je kaDe kappaTThiyANaM, kappai se akappaTThiyANaM no se kappai kappaTTiyANaM / je kaDe prakappaTiyANaM no se kappai kappaTThiyANaM, kappai se akappaTThiyANaM / kappe ThiyA kappaTThiyA, akappe ThiyA prkppttttiyaa| 19. jo AhAra kalpasthitoM ke lie banAyA gayA hai, vaha akalpasthitoM ko lenA kalpatA hai kintu kalpasthitoM ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / __ jo AhAra akalpasthitoM ke lie banAyA gayA hai, vaha kalpasthitoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai kintu anya akalpasthitoM ko kalpatA hai| jo kalpa meM sthita haiM ve kalpasthita kahe jAte haiM aura jo kalpa meM sthita nahIM haiM ve akalpasthita kahe jAte haiN| vivecana-- jo sAdhu Acelakya Adi dasa prakAra ke kalpa meM sthita hote haiM aura paMcayAma rUpa dharma kA pAlana karate haiM, aise prathama aura antima tIrthaMkara ke sAdhuoM ko kalpasthita kahate haiM / ___ jo AcelakyAdi daza prakAra ke kalpa meM sthita nahIM haiM kintu kucha hI kalpoM meM sthita haiM aura cAturyAma rUpa dharma kA pAlana karate haiM, aise madhyavartI bAIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke sAdhu akalpasthita kahe jAte haiN| jo AhAra gRhasthoM ne kalpasthita sAdhuoM ke lie banAyA hai, use ve nahIM grahaNa kara sakate haiM, kintu akalpasthita sAdhu grahaNa kara sakate haiN| isI prakAra jo AhAra akalpasthita jina sAdhuoM ke lie banAyA gayA hai, use akalpasthita anya sAdhu to grahaNa kara sakate haiM kintu kalpasthita sAdhu grahaNa nahIM kara sakate haiN|
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________________ 208] [bRhatkalpasUtra 10 kalpa (sAdhu ke prAcAra) isa prakAra haiM--- 1. acelakalpa-amaryAdita vastra na rakhanA, kintu maryAdita vastra rakhanA, raMgIna vastra na rakhanA, kintu svAbhAvika raMga kA arthAt sapheda raMga kA vastra rakhanA aura mUlyavAn camakIle vastra na rakhanA kintu alpamUlya ke sAmAnya vastra rkhnaa| 2. auddezikakalpa- anya kisI bhI sArmika yA sAMbhogika sAdhuoM ke uddezya se banAyA gayA AhAra Adi prauddezika doSa vAlA hotA hai / aise AhAra Adi ko grahaNa nahIM karanA / 3. zayyAtarapiMDakalpa-zayyAdAtA kA AhArAdi grahaNa nahIM krnaa| 4. rAjapiDakalpa--mUrdhAbhiSikta rAjAoM kA AhArAdi nahIM lenaa| 5. kRtikarmakalpa-ratnAdhika ko vaMdana Adi vinaya-vyavahAra karanA / 6. vratakalpa-pAMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karanA athavA cAra yAma kA pAlana karanA / cAra yAma meM cauthe aura pAMcaveM mahAvrata kA sammilita nAma "bahiddhAdANa" hai| 7. jyeSThakalpa-jisakI bar3I dIkSA pahale haI ho vaha jyeSTha kahA jAtA hai aura sAdhviyoM ke liye sabhI sAdhu jyeSTha hote haiM / ataH unheM jyeSTha mAnakara vyavahAra krnaa| 8. pratikramaNakalpa-nitya niyamita rUpa se devasika evaM rAtrika pratikramaNa krnaa| 9. mAsakalpa-hemaMta-grISma Rtu meM vicaraNa karate hue kisI bhI prAmAdi meM eka mAsa se adhika nahIM ThaharanA tathA eka mAsa Thaharane ke bAda vahA~ do mAsa taka puna: prAkara nahIM ThaharanA / sAdhvI ke lie eka mAsa ke sthAna para do mAsa kA kalpa samajhanA / 10. cAturmAsakalpa-varSARtu meM cAra mAsa taka eka hI grAmAdi meM sthita rahanA kintu vihAra nahIM karanA / cAturmAsa ke bAda usa grAma meM nahIM rahanA evaM ATha mAsa [bAda meM cAturmAsa kAla mA jAne se bAraha mAsa] taka punaH vahA~ Akara nahIM rhnaa| ye dasa kalpa prathama evaM aMtima tIrthaMkara ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| madhyama tIrthaMkaroM ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko cAra kalpa kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, zeSa chaha kalpoM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka nahIM hotaa| cAra Avazyaka kalpa-1. zayyAtarapiMDakalpa, 2. kRtikarmakalpa, 3. vratakalpa, 4. jyeSThakalpa / chaha aicchika kalpa 1.acela-alpa mUlya yA bahumUlya, raMgIna yA svAbhAvika, kisI bhI prakAra ke vastra alpa yA adhika parimANa meM icchAnusAra yA mileM jaise hI rkhnaa| 2. prauddezika-svayaM ke nimitta banA huyA AhArAdi nahIM lenA kintu anya kisI bhI sArmika sAdhu ke liye bane AhArAdi icchAnusAra lenaa| 3. rAjapiMDa -mUrdhAbhiSikta rAjAoM kA AhAra grahaNa karane meM icchAnusAra karanA / 4. pratikramaNa niyamita pratikramaNa icchA ho to karanA kintu pakkhI cAturmAsika aura sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa avazya krnaa|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] 5. mAsakalpa-kisI bhI grAmAdi meM eka mAsa yA usase adhika icchAnusAra rahanA yA kabhI bhI vApisa vahAM Akara tthhrnaa| 6. cAturmAsakalpa-icchA ho to cAra mAsa eka jagaha ThaharanA kintu saMvatsarI ke bAda kArtika sudI pUnama taka eka jagaha hI sthira rahanA / usake bAda icchA ho to vihAra karanA, icchA na ho to na krnaa| zrutagrahaNa ke liye anyagaNa meM jAne kA vidhi-niSedha 20. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkamma icchejjA annaM gaNaM upasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, no se kappai aNApucchittA 1. AyariyaM vA, 2. uvajjhAyaM vA 3, pavattayaM vA, 4. theraM vA, 5. gaNi vA 6. gaNaharaM vA, 7, gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai se prApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappaDa annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / te ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / 21. gaNAvaccheyae ya gaNAo avakkamma icchejjA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittaeno se kappaDa gaNAvaccheyattaM anikkhivittA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai se gaNAvaccheiyattaM nikkhivittA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| no se kappai aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjitANaM vihritte| kappai se ApucchittA pAyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM upasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / te ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 22. pAyariya-uvajjhAe ya gaNAo pravakkamma icchejjA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae no se kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattaM anikkhivittA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai se Ayariya-uvajjhAyattaM nikkhivittA annaM gaNaM upasaMpajjitANaM viharittae / no se kappai aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae /
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________________ 210] [bahatkalpasUtra kappai se prApucchittA prAyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM ubasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihrite| 20. yadi koI bhikSu svagaNa ko chor3akara anyagaNa ko (zrutagrahaNa karane ke liye) svIkAra karanA cAhe to use 1. AcArya, 2. upAdhyAya, 3. pravartaka, 4. sthavira, 5. gaNI, 6. gaNadhara yA 7. gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche binA anya gaNa ko svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anyagaNa ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai / yadi ve AjJA deM to anyagaNa ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to anyagaNa ko zruta grahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 21. yadi gaNAvacchedaka svagaNa ko chor3akara zrutagrahaNa ke liye anya gaNa ko svIkAra karanA cAhe to ___ use apane pada kA tyAga kie vinA anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| use apane pada ko tyAga karake anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche vinA use anyagaNa ko zrutagraNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA deM to use anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to use anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 22. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya yadi svagaNa ko chor3akara anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA cAheM to unheM apane pada ko tyAga kie vinA anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| apane pada ko tyAga karake anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai / prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche vinA unheM anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ cauyA uddezaka] [211 yadi ve AjJA deM to unheM anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai / yadi ve AjJA na deM to unheM anyagaNa ko zrutagrahaNa ke liye svIkAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana--isa sUtra meM yaha vidhAna hai ki yadi koI sAdhu jJAnAdi kI prApti yA vizeSa saMyama kI sAdhanA hetu alpakAla ke liye kisI anyagaNa ke AcArya yA upAdhyAya kI upasaMpadA svIkAra karanA cAhe to usake lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki vaha apane prAcArya kI svIkRti le| prAcArya samIpa meM na hoM to upAdhyAya kI, unake abhAva meM pravartaka kI, unake abhAva meM sthavira kI, unake abhAva meM gaNI kI, unake abhAva meM gaNadhara kI aura unake abhAva meM gaNAvacchedaka kI svIkRti lekara ke hI anyagaNa meM jAnA cAhie / anyathA vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| adhyayana Adi kI samApti ke bAda punaH vaha bhikSu svagaccha ke prAcArya ke pAsa prA jAtA hai| kyoMki vaha sadA ke liye nahIM gayA hai| sadA ke liye jAne kA vidhAna Age ke sUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai| AcArya, upAdhyAya yA gaNAvacchedaka Adi padavIdhara bhI viziSTa adhyayana hetu anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ke pAsa jAnA cAheM to ve bhI jA sakate haiM kintu gaccha kI vyavasthA barAbara cala sake, aisI vyavasthA karake anya yogya bhikSu ko apanA pada sauMpa kara aura phira unakI prAjJA lekara ke hI jA sakate haiM kintu AjJA liye binA ve bhI nahIM jA sakate haiN| pada sauMpane evaM prAjJA lene ke kAraNa isa prakAra haiM1. adhyayana karane meM samaya adhika bhI laga sakatA hai| 2. gaccha kI ciMtA se mukta hone para hI adhyayana ho sakatA hai| 3. gaccha kI vyavasthA ke liye, vinayapratipatti ke liye evaM kArya kI saphalatA ke liye AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| adhyayana samApta hone para punaH svagaccha meM pAkara pada grahaNa kara sakate haiN| yahAM itanA vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki prAcAryAdi kI svIkRti milane para sAdhu to akelA bhI vihAra kara anyagaNa meM jA sakatA hai, kintu sAdhvI akelI nahIM jA sakatI hai| use svIkRti milane para bhI kama se kama eka anya sAdhvI ke sAtha hI anyagaNa meM jAnA caahie| prAcArya Adi kI prAjJA lenA yA anya Avazyaka vidhi kA pAlana karanA sAdhu ke samAna hI jAnanA cAhie / vizeSa yaha hai ki pravartinI kI AjJA bhI lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| sAMbhogika-vyavahAra ke lie anyagaNa meM jAne kI vidhi 23. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkamma icchejjA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| no se kappa ttA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvacchehayaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe upasaMpajjittANaM vihritte|
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________________ 212] (bRharakalpasUtra kappaDa se prApucchittA pAyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittA NaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se no viyarejjA evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / jatthuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM labhejjA evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| jatthuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM no labhejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittAgaM vihritte| ___ 24. gaNAvaccheie ya gaNAo avakkama icchejjA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uksaMpajjittANaM viharittae / no se kappai gaNAvaccheiyattaM anikkhivittA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittA gaM vihritte| kappai se gaNAvaccheiyattaM nikkhivittA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittA NaM vihritte| no se kappai aNApucchittA pAyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai se ApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe upasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / te ya se no viyarejjA evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| jatyuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM labhejjA, evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / jatthuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM no labhejjA evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 25. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ya gaNAo avakamma icchejjA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjitANaM vihritte| no se kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattaM anikkhibittA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihrite|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka 212 kappai se prAyariya-uvajJAyattaM nikkhivittANaM annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| no se kappai aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai se ApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe upasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe udhasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| te ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| jatthuttariya dhammaviNayaM labhejjA, evaM se kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihrite| jatyuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM no labhejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM gaNaM saMbhogapaDiyAe uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 23. bhikSu yadi svagaNa se nikalakara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra svIkAra karanA cAhe to prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche vinA anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUcha kara anya gaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vahAM saMyamadharma kI unnati hotI ho to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| kintu jahAM saMyamadharma kI unnati na hotI ho, vahA~ anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 24. gaNAvacchedaka yadi svagaNa se nikalakara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra svIkAra karanA cAhe to gaNAvacchedaka pada kA tyAga kiye binA anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu gaNAvacchedaka kA pada chor3akara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ 214] [bRhatkalpasUtra AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche binA anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai / yadi ve prAjJA na deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vahA~ saMyamadharma kI unnati hotI ho to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| kintu jahAM saMyama-dharma kI unnati na hotI ho to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 25. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya yadi svagaNa se nikalakara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA cAhe to--- prAcArya, upAdhyAya pada kA tyAga kiye vinA anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu unheM apane padoM kA tyAga karake anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| __ prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche vinA anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve prAjJA deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ve prAjJA na deM to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vahAM saMyamadharma kI unnati hotI ho to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai| kintu jahAM saMyamadharma kI unnati na hotI ho to anyagaNa ke sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-sAdhu maNDalI meM eka sAtha baiThanA-uThanA, khAnA-pInA tathA anya dainika kartavyoM kA eka sAtha pAlana karanA "saMbhoga" kahalAtA hai| samavAyAMgasUtra ke samavAya 12 meM saMbhoga ke bAraha bheda batalAye gaye haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM1. upadhi-vastra-pAtra Adi upakaraNoM ko paraspara denaa-lenaa| 2. zruta-zAstra kI vAcanA denaa-lenaa| 3. bhakta-pAna-paraspara AhAra-pAnI yA auSadha kA lena-dena krnaa|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [215 4. aJjalipragraha-saMyamaparyAya meM jyeSTha sAdhunoM ke pAsa hAtha jor3akara khar3e rahanA yA unake sAmane milane para mastaka jhukA kara hAtha jor3anA / 5. dAna-ziSya kA denaa-lenaa| 6. nimantraNazayyA, upadhi, AhAra, ziSya evaM svAdhyAya Adi ke lie nimaMtraNa denA / 7. abhyutthAna-dIkSAparyAya meM kisI jyeSTha sAdhu ke Ane para khar3e honA / 8. kRtikarma-aMjaligrahaNa, Avartana, mastaka jhukA kara hAtha jor3anA evaM sUtroccAraNa kara vidhipUrvaka vandana krnaa| 9. vaiyAvRtya-aMga-mardana Adi zArIrika sevA karanA, AhAra Adi lAkara ke denA, vastrAdi sInA yA dhonA, mala-mUtra Adi paraThanA evaM ye sevAkArya anya bhikSu se krvaanaa| 10. samavasaraNa-eka hI upAzraya meM baiThanA sonA rahanA prAdi pravRtiyAM krnaa| 11. sanniSadyA-eka Asana para baiThanA athavA baiThane ke lie prAsana denaa| 12. kathA-prabandha-sabhA meM eka sAtha baiThakara yA khar3e rahakara pravacana denaa| eka gaNa ke yA aneka gaNoM ke sAdhuaoM meM ye bAraha hI prakAra ke paraspara vyavahAra vihita hote haiM, ve paraspara "sAmbhogika" sAdhu kahe jAte haiN| jina sAdhuoM meM "bhakta-pAna" ke atirikta gyAraha vyavahAra hote haiM, ve paraspara anya-sAmbhogika sAdhu kahe jAte haiN| prAcAra-vicAra lagabhaga samAna hone se ve samanojJa sAdhu bhI kahe jAte haiM / ___ samanojJa sAdhuoM ke sAtha hI ye gyAraha yA bAraha prakAra ke vyavahAra kiye jAte haiM kintu asamanojJa arthAt pArzvasthAdi evaM svacchaMdAcArI ke sAtha ye bAraha prakAra ke vyavahAra nahIM kiye jAte haiM / lokavyavahAra yA apavAda rUpa meM gItArtha ke nirNaya se unake sAtha kucha vyavahAra kiye jA sakate haiN| unakA koI prAyazcitta nahIM hai| akAraNa yA gItArtha ke abhAva meM ye vyavahAra karane para prAyazcitta AtA hai| gRhastha ke sAtha ye sabhI vyavahAra nahIM kiye jAte haiN| sAdhviyoM ke sAtha utsargavidhi se chaha vyavahAra hI hote haiM evaM chaha vyavahAra ApavAdika sthiti meM kiye jA sakate haiN| utsarga vyavahAra apavAda vyavahAra 1. zruta (dUsarA) 1. upadhi (pahalA) 2. aMjalipragraha (cauthA) 2. bhakta-pAna (tIsarA) 3. ziSyadAna (pAMcavAM) 3. nimantraNa (chaThA) 4. abhyutthAna (sAtavAM) 4. vaiyAvRtya (navamA) 5. kRtikarma (AThavAM) 5. samavasaraNa (dasavAM) 6. kathA-prabandha (bArahavAM) 6. sanniSadyA (gyArahavAM) ye bAraha vyavahAra gRhastha ke sAtha karane para guru caumAsI prAyazcita AtA hai|
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________________ 216] [bRhatkalpasUtra svacchaMdAcArI ke sAtha ye vyavahAra karane para gurucaumAsI aura pArzvasthAdi ke sAtha karane para laghucaumAsI yA laghumAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| sAdhviyoM ke sAtha akAraNa ApavAdika vyavahAra karane para laghucaumAsI aura gItArtha kI AjJA ke vinA karane para gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta aAtA hai / _ anya sAmbhaugika samanojJa bhikSuoM ke sAtha bhakta-pAna kA vyavahAra karane se laghucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI kahA hai ki loka-vyavahAra yA ApavAdika sthiti meM gItArtha kI nizrA se bhI jo Avazyaka vyavahAra (aMjalipragraha Adi) pAvasthAdi ke sAtha nahIM karatA hai, vaha bhI prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai evaM aisA karane se jinazAsana kI abhakti aura apayaza hotA hai / pUrva sUtrAtrika meM adhyayana karane ke liye alpakAlIna upasaMpadA hetu anya gaccha meM jAne kA kathana hai aura ina sUtroM meM sadA ke liye eka mAMDalika AhAra Adi sambhoga svIkAra karake anya gaccha meM rahane ke liye jAne kA varNana hai| AjJA prApta karanA aura anya yogya bhikSa ko padavI denA yaha pUrva sUtroM ke samAna hI inameM bhI Avazyaka hai| ina sUtroM meM prAjJAprApti ke bAda bhI eka vikalpa adhika rakhA gayA haiyathA--"jatthuttariyaM dhamma-viNayaM labhejjA evaM se kampai / sUtra-paThita isa vAkya se yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki jaba koI sAdhu yaha dekhe ki isa saMgha meM rahate hue, eka maNDalI meM khAna-pAna evaM anya kRtikarma karate hue bhAva-vizuddhi ke sthAna para saMklezavRddhi ho rahI hai aura isa kAraNa se mere jJAna darzana cAritra Adi kI samucita sAdhanA nahIM ho rahI hai, taba vaha apane ko saMkleza se bacAne ke lie tathA jJAna-cAritrAdi kI vRddhi ke lie anyagaNa meM, jahAM para ki adhika dharmalAbha kI sambhAvanA ho, jAne kI icchA kare to vaha jisakI nizrA meM raha rahA hai, usako anujJA lekara jA sakatA hai| kintu jisa gaccha meM jAne se vartamAna avasthA se saMyama kI hAni ho, vaise gaccha meM jAne kI jinAjJA nahIM hai evaM jAne para-nizItha u. 16 meM kathita prAyazcitta AtA hai| ataH saMyamadharma kI unnati ho vaise gaccha meM jAne kA hI saMkalpa karanA cAhie / AcArya Adi ko vAcanA dene ke liye anyagaNa meM jAne kA vidhi-niSedha 26. bhikkhU ya icchajjA annaM pAyariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisAvettae, no se kappaDa aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM pAyariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| kappai se ApucchittA prAyariyaM vAjAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaMAyariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| te ya se viyarejjA evaM se kappai annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| te ya se no viyarejjA evaM se no kappai anna Ayariya-uvajzAyaM uddisAvettae / no se kappai tesi kAraNaM adIvettA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uhisaavette| kappai se tesi kAraNaM dIvettA anna Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM udisaavette|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [217 27. gaNAvaccheie ya icchejjA annaM Ayariya-uvamAyaM uddisAvettae, no se kappai gaNAvaccheiyattaM anikkhivittA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisAvettae / __kappai se gaNAvaccheiyattaM nikkhivittA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| no se kappai aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA anna Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| kappai se prApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM pAyariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai annaM Ayariya-uvamAyaM uddisAvettae / te ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| no se kappai tesi kAraNaM adIvettA anna Ayariya-uvajzAyaM uddisaavette| kappar3a se tesi kAraNaM dIvettA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisAvettae / 28. Ayariya-uvajmAe ya icchejjA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM udisAvettae, no se kappar3a Ayariya-uvajhAyattaM anikkhavittA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| kappai se Ayariya-uvajzAyattaM nikkhivittA annaM Ayariya-uvajhAyaM uddisAvettae / no se kappai aNApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| kappai se ApucchittA AyariyaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyaM vAannaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| te ya se viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisAvettae / no se kappai tesi kAraNaM adIvettA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisaavette| kappai se tesi kAraNaM dIvettA annaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM uddisAvettae / 26. bhikSu yadi anya gaNa ke AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke lie (yA unakA netRtva karane ke lie) jAnA cAhe to-- apane prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke lie jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu apane prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai / yadi ve prAjJA deM to anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| - unheM kAraNa batAye binA anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ 218] [bRhatkalpasUtra kintu unheM kAraNa batAkara hI anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai / 27. gaNAvacchedaka yadi anyagaNa ke prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye (yA unakA netRtva karane ke liye) jAnA cAhe to use apanA pada chor3e binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu apanA pada chor3akara anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai / apane AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu apane prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUcha kara anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA deM to anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| unheM kAraNa batAe binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu unheM kAraNa batAkara hI anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| 28. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye (yA unakA netRtva karane ke liye) jAnA cAheM to unheM apanA pada chor3e binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu apanA pada chor3akara anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| unheM apane prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUche binA anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka ko pUchakara anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA deM to anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| yadi ve AjJA na deM to anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [219 unheM kAraNa batAe binA anya AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu unheM kAraNa batAkara hI anya prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko vAcanA dene ke liye jAnA kalpatA hai| vivecana-prathama sUtratrika meM adhyayana hetu kucha samaya ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kI vidhi kahI hai| dvitIya sUtratrika meM saMyama-samAdhi evaM citta-samAdhi hetu saMbhoga ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kI vidhi kahI hai| tRtIya sUtratrika meM 'uddisAvittae' kriyA kA prayoga karake anya prAcArya, upAdhyAya ko apanI upasaMpadA dhAraNa karavAne ke liye jAne kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa tRtIya sUtratrika meM 'jatyuttariyaM dhammaviNayaM labhejjA' yaha vikalpa na hone se anyagaNa meM sadA ke lie sarvathA jAne kA kathana nahIM hai| sadA ke lie jAne kA kathana dUsare trika meM kiyA gayA hai aura adhyayana karane ke lie upasaMpadA dhAraNa karanA prathama trika meM kahA gayA hai| ata: isa tRtIya trika meM adhyayana karavAne (Adi) ke liye anya gaNa meM jAne kA artha karanA ho prasaMgasaMgata hai / sUtra meM aMtima vikalpa hai 'kappai tesi kAraNaM dIvettA' isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki adhyayana karAne ke liye jAne meM aisA kyA viziSTa kAraNa hai, isakA spaSTIkaraNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / kyoMki viziSTa kAraNayukta paristhiti na ho to adhyayana karAne vAle kA jAnA vyAvahArika rUpa se zobhAjanaka nahIM hai kintu adhyayana karane vAle kA pAnA hI ucita hotA hai| adhyayana karAne hetu jAne ke kucha kAraNa-- 1. kisI gaccha ke naye banAye gaye prAcArya ko zruta-adhyayana karanA Avazyaka ho evaM gaccha kA bhAra anya ko sauMpa kara pAnA saMbhava na ho| 2. kisI gaccha kA nayA banAyA gayA prAcArya kisI kA putra-pautra-duhitra Adi ho evaM usake adhyayanArtha Ane kI paristhiti na ho / 3. kisI gaccha kA prAcArya kisI vikaTa yA ulajhanabharI paristhiti meM ho aura vaha kisI sAdhu kA pUrva upakArI ho| ityAdi paristhitiyoM meM kisI kA jAnA Avazyaka ho sakatA hai| isI prAzaya se isa tRtIya sUtratrika kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, aisA samajhanA ucita hai| phAla-gata bhikSu ke zarIra ko paraThane kI vidhi 29. bhikkhU yA rAo vA viyAle vA Ahacca vIsubhejjA, taM ca sarIragaM kei veyAvaccakare bhikkhU icchejjA egate bahuphAsue paese pridvvette|
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________________ 220] [bRhatkalpasUtra asthi ya itya kei sAgAriyasaMtie uvagaraNajAe acitte pariharaNArihe kampai se sAgArikaDaM gahAya taM sarIragaM egate bahuphAsue paese pariTThavettA tattheva uvanikkhiviyavve siyaa| 29. yadi kisI bhikSu kA rAtri meM yA vikAla meM nidhana ho jAya to usa mRta bhikSu ke zarIra ko koI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA sAdhu ekAnta meM sarvathA acitta pradeza para paraThanA cAhe taba-- yadi vahAM upayoga meM pAne yogya gRhastha kA acitta upakaraNa arthAt vahana yogya kASTha ho to use prAtihArika (punaH lauTAne kA kahakara) grahaNa kare aura usase mRta bhikSu ke zarIra ko ekAnta meM sarvathA acitta pradeza para paraTha kara usa vahana-kASTha ko yathAsthAna rakha denA caahie| vivecana-bhikSu jahAM para mAsakalpa Adi rahA ho vahAM usa nivAsakAla meM yadi bhaktapratyAkhyAnI sAdhu kA, rugNa sAdhu kA athavA sAMpa Adi ke kATane se kisI anya sAdhu kA maraNa ho jAya to usa zava ko vasati yA upAzraya meM adhika samaya rakhanA ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki bhASyakAra kahate haiM ki jisa samaya maraNa ho usI samaya usa zava ko bAhara kara denA cAhie / ataH vahAM vayAvRtya karane vAle sAdhu yadi cAheM to ve rAtri meM bhI paraThane yogya bhUmi para le jAkara paraTha sakate haiM / paraThane ke liye prAtihArika upakaraNa kI yAcanA karane kA sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / ata: usa nAmAdi meM yA upAzraya meM vahanakASTha yA bAMsa athavA Dolo athavA Adi jo bhI mila jAe usakA upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai evaM puna: usa upakaraNa ko lauTAyA jA sakatA hai| pAdapopagamana saMthArA vAle ke zarIra kA dAhasaMskAra to kiyA hI nahIM jAtA hai| kintu bhaktapratyAkhyAna saMthAre meM dAhasaMskAra kA vikalpa bhI hai| jahAM koI bhI dAhasaMskAra karane vAle na hoM vahAM sAdhu dvArA isa sUtrokta vidhi ke anusAra kiyA jAtA hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / kyoMki bhikSu to dAhasaMskAra kI prAraMbhajanya pravRti kA saMkalpa bhI nahIM kara skte| kintu jahAM zrAvakasaMgha ho yA anya zraddhAlu gRhastha hoM vahAM ve sAMsArika kRtya samajhakara kucha laukika kriyAe~ kareM to bhikSu usase nirapekSa rahate haiN| tIrthakara evaM anya aneka kAladharmaprApta bhikSuoM ke dAhasaMskAra kiye jAne kA varNana AgamoM meM bhI hai / ataH bhaktapratyAkhyAnamaraNa vAle bhikSutroM kI antima kriyAoM ke donoM hI vikalpa ho sakate haiM, yathA 1. sAdhu ke dvArA paraThanA yA 2. gRhastha dvArA dAhasaMskAra krnaa| bhASyakAra ne zava ko paraThane yogya dizAMtroM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai / sAdhuoM ke nivAsasthAna se dakSiNa-pazcimadizA (naiRtyakoNa) zava ke paraThane ke yogya zubha batalAyI hai| isa dizA meM paraThane para saMgha meM samAdhi rahatI hai / yadi ukta dizA meM paraThane yogya sthAna na mile to dakSiNa dizA meM zava ko paraThe aura usameM yogya sthAna na milane para dakSiNa-pUrva dizA meM prtthe| zeSa saba dizAeM zavaparityAga karane ke lie azubha batalAyI gaI haiN| una dizAoM meM zava paraThane para saMgha meM kalaha, bheda aura rogAdi kI utpatti sUcita kI gaI hai|
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________________ cothA uddezaka] [221 yadi zava ko rAtri meM rakhanA par3e to saMgha ke sAdhu rAtri bhara jAgaraNa karate haiM, zava meM koI bhUta-preta praviSTa na ho jAya isake lie hAtha aura paira ke donoM aMguSThoM ko DorI se bAMdha dete haiM, mukhavastra (muhapatti) se mukha ko Dhaka dete haiM aura aMgulI ke madhya bhAga kA chedana kara dete haiM, kyoMki kSatadeha meM bhUta-pretAdi praveza nahIM karate haiN| zava ko le jAte samaya Age kI tarapha pAMva karanA, paraThate samaya muhapatti, rajoharaNa, colapaTTaka ye tIna upakaraNa avazya rakhanA, ityAdi bAtoM kA bhASya meM vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai / vyava. udde. 7 meM vihAra karate hue mArga meM kAladharmaprApta bhikSu ke zarIra ko paraThane kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura yahAM upAzraya meM kAla karane vAle bhikSu ke zarIra ko paraThane kA varNana hai / kalaha karanevAle bhikSu se sambandhita vidhi-niSedha 30. bhikkhU ya ahigaraNaM kaTTa taM ahigaraNaM aviosavettA, no se kappai gAhAvaikulaM bhattAe vA pANAe vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vA, no se kappai bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vA, no se kappai gAmANugAmaM duijjittae, gaNApro vA gaNaM saMkamittae, vAsAvAsaM vA vtthe| jattheva appaNo Ayariya-uvajjhAyaM pAsejjA bahussuya-babhAgamaM, kappai se tassaMtie pAloittae, paDikkamittae, nindittae, garihittayae, viuTTittae, visohittae, akaraNAe abbhuTTittae, ahArihaM tavokkammaM pAyacchittaM paDivajjittae / se ya sueNa pavie Aiyatve siyA, se ya suraNa no pavie no pAiyavve siyaa| se ya sueNa paTThavijjamANe no Aiyai, se nijjUhiyabve siyaa| 30. yadi koI bhikSa kalaha karake use upazAnta na kare touse gRhasthoM ke gharoM meM bhakta-pAna ke lie niSkramaNa-praveza karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| use upAzraya se bAhara svAdhyAyabhUmi meM yA uccAra-prasravaNabhUmi meM jAnA-bAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| use grAmAnugrAma vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / use eka gaNa se gaNAntara meM saMkramaNa karanA aura varSAvAsa rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu jahAM apane bahuzruta aura bAgamajJa prAcArya aura upAdhyAya hoM unake samIpa AlocanA kare, pratikramaNa kare, nindA kare, gardA kare, pApa se nivRtta ho, pApa-phala se zuddha ho, punaH pApakarma na karane ke lie pratijJAbaddha ho aura yathAyogya tapa rUpa prAyazcitta svIkAra kre| vaha prAyazcitta yadi zrutAnusAra diyA jAe to use grahaNa karanA cAhie kintu zrutAnusAra na diyA jAe to use grahaNa nahIM karanA caahiye| yadi zrutAnusAra prAyazcitta diye jAne para bhI jo svIkAra na kare to use gaNa se nikAla denA caahie|
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________________ 222] [bRhatkalpasUtra vivecana-prastuta sUtra meM tIvra kaSAya evaM bahuta bar3e kalaha ko apekSA se kathana kiyA gayA hai / aisI sthiti meM bhikSu kA mana udvigna ho jAtA hai, ceharA saMtapta ho jAtA hai tathA bolane kA viveka bhI nahIM rahatA hai| ataH use sUtra-nirdiSTa kAryoM se upAzraya ke bAhara jAnA ucita nahIM hai| kintu kaSAya bhAvoM kI upazAMti hone para hI gocarI Adi ke lie jAnA ucita hai| sarvaprathama kaSAya ko upazAMta karanA aura usake bAda prAcArya Adi jo bhI bahuzruta vahAM hoM, unake pAsa AlocanA (prAyazcita) karake kalaha se nivRtta honA Avazyaka hai| ___ kalaha se nivRtta nahIM hone para vaha saMyamabhAva se bhI cyuta ho jAtA hai aura kramazaH adhika se adhika prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai / kabhI durAgraha evaM anupazAMta hone para anuzAsana ke liye use AlocanA kiye binA prAyazcitta diyA jA sakatA hai| yadi samajhAne para bhI vaha na samajhe evaM prAyazcitta yA anuzAsana svIkAra na kare to use gaccha se alaga kara dene kA bhI sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai arthAt usake sAtha mAMDalika pAhAra evaM vaMdanA Adi vyavahAra nahIM rakhA jAtA hai| sUtra meM vinaya, anuzAsana evaM upazAMti ke vidhAna ke sAtha aura nyAyasaMgata sUcanA kI gaI hai-prAyazcitta grahaNa karane vAlA bhikSu bahuzruta ho evaM prAyazcittadAtA niSpakSa bhAva na rakhakara Agama viparIta prAyazcitta use dene kA nirNaya kare to vaha usa prAyazcitta ko asvIkAra kara sakatA hai| sUtra ke isa nirdeza se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sUtraviparIta prAjJA kisI kI bhI ho, use asvIkAra karane se jinAjJA kI virAdhanA nahIM hotI hai, kintu agItArtha athavA abahuzruta ke lie yaha vidhAna nahIM hai| parihAra-kalpasthita bhikSu ko vaiyAvRtya karane kA vidhAna 31. parihArakappaTThiyassa NaM bhikkhussa kappai Ayariya-uvamAyANaM tadivasaM egagirhasi piMDavAya dvaavette| teNa paraM no se kappai asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA dAuM vA aNuppadAU vA kappaDa se annayaraM veyAvaDiyaM karettae, taM jahA-- aTThAvaNaM vA, nisIyAvaNaM vA, tuyaTTAvaNaM vA, uccAra-pAsavaNa-khela-jalla-siMghANANaM vigicaNaM vA visohaNaM vA krette| aha puNa evaM jANejjA-chinnAvAesu paMthesu Aure, jhijhie, pivAsie, tavastI, dubale, kilate, mucchejja vA, pavaDejja vA, evaM se kappai asaNaM yA jAva sAimaM vA dAUM vA aNuppadAU vaa| 31. jisa dina parihAratapa svIkAra kare usa dina parihArakalpasthita bhikSu ko eka ghara se AhAra dilAnA prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko kalpatA hai|
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________________ [223 cauthA uddezaka] usake bAda use azana yAvat svAdima denA yA bAra-bAra denA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu Avazyaka hone para vaiyAvRtya karanA kalpatA hai, yathA--- parihArakalpa-sthita bhikSu ko uThAve, biThAve, karavaTa badalAve, usake mala-mUtra, zleSma, kapha Adi paraThe, mala-mUtrAdi se lipta upakaraNoM ko zuddha kare / ___ yadi prAcArya yA upAdhyAya yaha jAne ki glAna, bubhukSita, tRSita, tapasvI, durbala evaM klAnta hokara gamanAgamana-rahita mArga meM kahIM mUcchita hokara gira jAegA to use prazana yAvat svAdima denA yA bAra-bAra denA kalpatA hai| vivecana-prastuta sUtra meM parihArakalpa-sthita sAdhu ke sAtha kaisA vyavahAra karanA cAhie, yaha batalAyA gayA hai / yahAM yaha vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki jo sAdhu saMgha ke sAdhuoM ke yA gRhasthoM ke sAtha kalaha kare, saMyama ko virAdhanA kare aura prAcArya ke dvArA prAyazcitta diye jAne para bhI use svIkAra na kare, aise sAdhu ko parihArataparUpa prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai / usako vidhi yaha hai prazasta dravya kSetra kAla bhAva meM use parihAratapa meM sthApita krnaa| tapa kI nivighna samApti ke lie paccIsa zvAsocchvAsa pramANa kAyotsarga karanA athavA mana meM caturviMzati-stavana kA cintana karanA / tatpazcAt caturviMzatistava ko prakaTa bolakara caturvidha saMgha ko parihAratapa vahana karAne kI jAnakArI denaa| jisa dina usa sAdhu ko parihAra tapa meM sthApita kiyA jAtA hai usa dina jahAM para kisI utsava Adi ke nimitta se sarasa AhAra banA ho, vahAM para AcArya use sAtha le jAkara manojJa bhaktapAna dilAte haiM, jisase janasAdhAraNa ko yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki ise koI viziSTa tapa vahana karAyA jA rahA hai kintu gaccha se alaga karanA Adi koI asadvyavahAra nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| usake pazcAta na AcArya hI use bhakta-pAna pradAna karate haiM aura na saMgha ke sAdhu hii| kintu jo sAdhu usakI vaiyAvRtya ke lie prAcArya dvArA niyukta kiyA jAtA hai, vaha usake khAna-pAna evaM samAdhi kA dhyAna rakhatA hai| parihAratapa karane vAlA sAdhu jaba svayaM uThane-baiThane evaM calane-phirane Adi kArya karane meM asamartha ho jAtA hai, to usakI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA sAdhu usakI sahAyatA karatA hai aura gocarI lAne meM asamartha ho jAne para bhakta-pAna lAkara ke use detA hai| parihAratapasthita sAdhu tapa ke pUrNa hone taka mauna dhAraNa kiye rahatA hai aura apane mana meM apane doSoM kA cintana karatA huA tapa ko pUrNa karatA hai| parihAratapa eka prakAra se saMgha se bahiSkRta karane kA sUcaka prAyazcitta hai, phira bhI usake sAtha kaisI sahAnubhUti rakhI jAnI cAhie, yaha isa sUtra meM tathA vivecana meM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| parihArika tapa sambandhI anya vivecana nizItha. u. 4 tathA u. 20 meM bhI kiyA gayA hai / mahAnadI pAra karane ke vidhi-niSedha 32. No kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA imAo uddiTThAmro gaNiyAo viyaMjiyAo paMca mahaNNavAo mahANaIyo aMto mAsassa dukkhutto vA tikkhutto vA uttarittae vA saMtarittae vA, taM jahA
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________________ 224] [bahatkalpasUtra 1. gaMgA, 2. jauNA, 3. sarayU, 4. erAvaI (kosiyA), 5. mhii| aha puNa evaM jANejjA erAvaI kuNAlAe jattha cakkiyA egaM pAyaM jale kiccA, egaM pAyaM thale kiccA, evaM gaM kappai aMtomAsassa dukkhutto vA, tivakhutto vA uttarittae vA saMtarittae vaa| jattha evaM no cakkiyA evaM NaM no kappai aMto mAsassa dukkhutto vA, tikkhutto vA uttarittae vA saMtarittae vaa| 32. nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko mahAnadI ke rUpa meM kahI gaI, ginAI gaI prasiddha aura bahata jala vAlI ye pAMca mahAnadiyAM eka mAsa meM do yA tIna bAra tairakara pAra karanA yA naukA se pAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| ve ye haiM 1. gaMgA, 2. jamunA, 3. sarayu, 4. airAvatI (kozika) aura 5. mhii| kintu yadi jAne ki kuNAlA nagarI ke samIpa jo airAvatI nadI hai vaha eka paira jala meM aura eka paira sthala (AkAza) meM rakhate hue pAra kI jA sakatI hai to use eka mAsa meM do yA tIna bAra utaranA yA pAra karanA kalpatA hai| yadi ukta prakAra se pAra na kI jA sake to usa nadI ko eka mAsa meM do yA tIna bAra utaranA yA pAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana-jina nadiyoM meM nirantara jala bahatA rahatA hai aura agAdha jala hotA hai ve 'madAnadiyAM' kahI jAtI haiN| bhAratavarSa meM sUtrokta pAMca ke atirikta sindhU, brahmaputrA Adi aneka nadiyAM haiM, una sabakA mahArNava aura mahAnadI pada se saMgraha kara liyA gayA hai| sUtra meM prayukta 'uttarittae' pada kA artha hai-svayaM jala meM praveza karake pAra karanA tathA 'saMtarittae' pada kA artha hai-nAva Adi meM baiThakara pAra krnaa| sAdhU ke svayaM jala meM praveza karake pAra karane para jalakAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hI hai aura nadI ke tala meM sthita kaNTaka Adi paira meM lagate haiN| kabhI jalapravAha ke vega se baha jAne para Atma-virAdhanA bhI ho sakatI hai| nAva Adi se pAra karane para jala ke jIvoM kI virAdhanA ke sAtha-sAtha SaTkAyika jIvoM kI virAdhanA bhI hotI hai aura nAvika ke sahayoga para nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai / nAvika nadI pAra karAne ke pahile yA pIche zulka mAMge to dene kI samasyA bhI utpanna hotI hai, ityAdi aneka doSoM kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| yadi vizeSa kAraNa se pAra jAne-mAne kA avasara prA jAya to eka mAsa meM eka bAra hI pAra karanA cAhie, kyoMki sUtra meM do yA tIna bAra nAvAdi se pAra utarane kA spaSTa niSedha kiyA hai| anya vivecana ke lie nizItha. udde. 12 sUtra 44 kA vivecana dekheN| kuNAlA nagarI aura airAvatI nadI kA nirdeza upalakSaNa rUpa hai, ataH jahAM sAdhugaNa mAsakalpa yA varSAkalpa se raha rahe hoM aura usa nagara ke samIpa bhI koI aisI uthalI nadI ho, jisakA ki jala
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [225 jaMghArdha pramANa bahatA ho to tathA usake jala meM eka paira rakhate hue aura eka paira jala se Upara karate hue calanA sambhava ho to sAdhu anya nirdoSa mArga ke nikaTa na hone para jA sakatA hai| yatanA se nadI pAra karane para kAyotsarga kA prAyazcitta karanA Avazyaka hai evaM jIva-virAdhanA ke kAraNa nizItha u. 12 ke anusAra cAturmAsika prAyazcitta bhI pAtA hai| ghAsa se DhakI huI chata vAle upAzraya meM rahane ke vidhi-niSedha 33. se taNesuvA, taNapujesu dhA, palAlesu vA, palAlapujesuvA, appaMDesu jAva makkaDAsaMtANaesu, ahe savaNamAyAyAe no kappai niggaMthANa vA, niggaMthINa vA, tahappagAre uvassae hemaMta-gimhAsu vatthae / 34. se taNesu vA taNapujesu bA, jAva makkaDAsaMtANaesu uppi savaNamAyAe, kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA tahappagAre uvassae hemaMta gimhAsu vatthae / ___35. se taNesu vA, taNapujesu vA jAva makkaDAsaMtANaesu ahe rayaNimukkamauDesu, no kappar3a niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA tahappagAre uvassae vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 36. se taNesu vA, taNapujesu vA jAva makkaDAsaMtANaesu uppiM rayaNimukkamauDesu, kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA tahappagAre uvassae vAsAvAsaM vtthe| 33. jo upAzraya tRNa tRNapuja parAla yA parAlapuja se banA ho aura vaha aMDe yAvat makar3I ke jAloM se rahita ho tathA usa upAzraya ke chata kI UMcAI kAnoM se nIcI ho to aise upAzraya meM nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko hemanta va grISma Rtu meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 34. jo upAzraya tRNa yA tRNapuMja se banA ho yAvat makar3I ke jAloM se rahita ho tathA usa upAzraya kI chata kI UMcAI kAnoM se UMcI ho to aise upAzraya meM nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko hemanta tathA grISma Rtu meM rahanA kalpatA hai| 35. jo upAzraya tRNa yA tRNapuMja se banA ho yAvat makar3I ke jAloM se rahita ho kintu upAzraya ke chata kI UMcAI khar3e vyakti ke sira se Upara uThe sIdhe donoM hAthoM jitanI UMcAI se nIcI ho to aise upAzraya meM nirgrantha evaM nirgranthiyoM ko varSAvAsa meM rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 36. jo upAzraya tRNa yA tRNapuja se banA ho yAvat makar3I ke jAloM se rahita ho aura usa upAzraya ke chata kI UMcAI khar3e vyakti ke sira se Upara uThe sIdhe donoM hAthoM jitanI UMcAI se adhika ho, aise upAzraya meM nirgrantha nirgranthiyoM ko varSAvAsa meM rahanA kalpatA hai / vivecana--uparyukta cAra sUtroM meM se prathama sUtra meM yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki jisa upAzraya kI chata sUkhe ghAsa yA sUkhe dhAnya Adi ke palAla bhUsA-phUsa Adi se banI ho, jisameM aNDe na hoM, trasa jIva bhI na hoM, harita aMkura bhI na hoM, aosabindu bhI na hoM aura kIr3I-makor3I ke ghara bhI na hoM, lIlana-phUlana yA kIcar3a Adi bhI na ho aura makar3I kA jAlA Adi bhI na ho| kintu usa chata kI
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________________ 226] [bRhatkalpasUtra UMcAI sAdhu ke kAnoM se nIcI ho to aise upAzraya meM sAdhu yA sAdhviyoM ko hemanta aura grISma kAla meM bhI nahIM rahanA caahie| dUsare sUtra meM batalAyA hai ukta prakAra ke upAzraya kI UMcAI yadi sAdhu ke kAnoM se UMcI ho to usameM sAdhu aura sAdhviyAM hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM Thahara sakate haiM / tIsare sUtra meM yaha batalAyA hai ki ukta prakAra ke zuddha upAzraya kI UMcAI yadi ratnimuktamukuTa se nIcI ho to usa upAzraya meM varSAvAsa bitAnA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai| cauthe sUtra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yadi chata kI UMcAI ratni-muktamukuTa se UMcI ho to usameM sAdhu-sAdhvI varSAvAsa raha sakate haiN| __ ratni nAma hAtha kA hai / donoM hAthoM ko UMcA karake donoM aMjaliyoM ko milAne para mukuTa jaisA AkAra ho jAtA hai, ata: use rali-muktamukuTa kahate haiN| kAna kI UMcAI se bhI kama UMcAI vAle ghAsa kI chata bAle makAna meM khar3e hone para ghAsa ke sparza se ghAsa yA miTTI Adi ke kaNa bAra-bAra nIce girate rahate haiN| ataH vahAM hemanta grISma Rtu meM eka-do rAta raha kara vihAra kara denA caahie| cAturmAsa meM lambe samaya taka rahanA nizcitta hotA hai / itane lambe samaya meM hAtha UMce karane kA aneka bAra prasaMga A sakatA hai, ataH hAtha UMce karane para ghAsa kA sparza na ho itane UMce ghAsa kI chata vAle makAna meM cAturmAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| nIcI chata vAle upAzraya meM rahane ke niSedha kA kAraNa bhASya meM yaha bhI batalAyA hai ki sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko itane nIce upAzraya meM Ate-jAte jhukanA par3egA, bhItara bhI sIdhI rIti se nahIM khar3A ho sakane ke kAraNa vandanAdi karane meM bhI bAdhA paaegii| sIdhe khar3e hone para sira ke TakarAne kA yA Upara rahane vAle bicchU Adi ke DaMka lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| sUtra-paThita "appaDesu appapANesu" Adi padoM meM 'alpa' zabda abhAva artha meM hai / bIja yA mRttikAdi se yukta tRNAdi vAle upAzraya meM Thaharane para caturlaghuka aura anantakAyapanaka prAdi yukta upAzraya meM Thaharane para caturguru prAyazcitta AtA hai| isI prakAra pratipAdita UMcAI se nIce upAzraya meM rahane para bhI caturlaghu prAyazcitta pAtA hai| bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki varSAvAsa meM ukta prakAra ke upAzraya meM rahate hue yadi tRNAcchAdana meM sAMpa kA nivAsa pratIta ho to use vidyA se maMtrita kara de / yadi aisA na kara sake to ukta pAcchAdAna ke nIce caMdovA baMdhavA de| aisA bhI sambhava na ho to Upara bAMsa kI caTAI lagA denA cAhie, jisase ki Upara se sAMpa dvArA laTakakara kATane kA bhaya na rahe, yadi caTAI lagAnA bhI sambhava na ho to rahane vAle sAdhuoM ko cilamilikA kA upayoga karanA caahie| upayukta sarva kathana usa upAzraya yA vasati kA hai, jo ki ghAsa-phUsa Adi se nirmita aura AcchAdita hai yA jisake UparI bhAga meM ghAsa Adi rakhA ho, kintu patthara Adi se nirmita makAna meM rahane kA koI niSedha nahIM hai| phira bhI yogya UMcAI vAle makAna meM rahanA saMyama evaM zarIra ke
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________________ cauyA uddezaka] [227 liye samAdhikAraka hotA hai| isalie yogya UMcAI vAlI chata ho, aise makAna meM hI yathAsambhava ThaharanA caahie| cauthe uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1 hastakarma, maithunasevana evaM rAtribhojana kA anudghAtika prAyazcitta pAtA hai| tIna prakAra ke doSa sevana karane para pArAMcika prAyazcitta pAtA hai| tIna prakAra ke doSa sevana karane para anavasthApya prAyazcitta AtA hai| tIna prakAra ke napuMsakoM ko dIkSita, muDita yA upasthApita karanA Adi nahIM klptaa| 10-11 tIna avaguNa vAle ko vAcanA nahIM denA cAhie, kintu tIna guNa vAle ko vAcanA denA yogya hai| 12-13 tIna prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ko samajhAnA kaThina hotA hai aura tIna prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ko samajhAnA sarala 14-15 sevA karane vAle ke abhiprAya se sparza Adi karane para bhikSu maithuna sevana ke saMkalpa yukta sukhAnubhava kare to use caturtha vrata ke bhaMga hone kA prAyazcitta pAtA hai| prathama prahara meM grahaNa kiyA AhAra-pAnI caturtha prahara meM nahIM rkhnaa| do kosa se Age AhAra-pAnI nahIM le jaanaa| anAbhoga se grahaNa kiye aneSaNIya AhArAdi ko nahIM khAnA, kintu anupasthApita navadIkSita bhikSu khA sakatA hai| prathama aura antima tIrthaMkara ke sAdhuoM ko koI bhI prauddezika AhAra grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, anya tIrthaMkara ke sAdhuoM ko kalpatA hai| anya gaNa meM adhyayana karane hetu, gaNaparivartana karane hetu evaM adhyayana karAne hetu jAnA ho to prAcArya Adi kI AjJA lekara sUtrokta vidhi se koI bhI sAdhu yA padavIdhara jA sakatA hai| kAladharmaprApta bhikSu ko usake sArmika sAdhu pratihArika upakaraNa lekara gAMva ke bAhara ekAnta meM paraTha sakate haiN| kleza ko upazAMta kiye binA bhikSu ko gocarI Adi nahIM jAnA cAhiye / kleza ko upazAMta karane para yathocita prAyazcitta hI denA evaM lenA caahie| prAcArya parihAratapa vahana karane vAle ko sAtha le jAkara eka dina gocarI dilavAe, bAda meM Avazyaka hone para hI vaiyAvRtya Adi kara sakate haiN| adhika pravAha vAlI nadiyoM ko eka mAsa meM eka bAra se adhika bAra pAra nahIM karanA cAhie, kintu jaMghArdha pramANa jalapravAha vAlI nadI ko sUtrokta vidhi se eka mAsa meM aneka bAra bhI pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| 20-28
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________________ 228] (bRhatkalpasUtra sUtra 33-36 ghAsa ke bane makAnoM kI UMcAI kama ho to vahAM nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, kintu adhika UMcAI ho to ThaharA jA sakatA hai / upasaMhAra sUtra 1-3 14-15 16-17 18 isa uddezaka meManuddhAttika, pArAMcika, anavasthApya prAyazcittoM kA, dIkSA, vAcanA evaM zikSA ke yogyAyogyoM kA, maithuna bhAvoM ke prAyazcitta kA, AhAra ke kSetra, kAla kI maryAdA kA, aneSaNIya pAhAra ke upayoga kA, kalpasthita akalpasthita ke kalpanIyatA kA, adhyayana Adi ke lie anya gaNa meM jAne kA, kAladharmaprApta bhikSu ko ekAnta meM paraThane kA, kleza yukta bhikSu ke rakhane yogya viveka kA, parihAratapa vAle bhikSu ke prati karttavyoM kA, nadI pAra karane ke kalpyAkalpya kA, ghAsa vAle makAnoM ke kalpyAkalpya kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 20-25 29 30 WW. 33-36 // cauthA uddezaka samApta //
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka vikukti divya zarIra ke sparza se utpanna maithunabhAva kA prAyazcitta 1. deve ya itthirUvaM viumvittA nigrothaM paDiggAhijjA, taM ca niggathe sAijjejjA mehaNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 2. deve ya purisarUvaM viuvittA nirathi paDiggAhijjA, taM ca niggaMthI sAijjejjA mehuNapaDisevaNapattA Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 3. devI ya itthirUvaM viuvvittA niggaMthaM paDiggAhejjA, taM ca niggathe sAijjejjA mehuNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAigaM / 4. devI ya purisarUvaM viubdittA niggathi paDiggAhejjA, taM ca niggaMthI sAijjejjA mehuNapauisevaNapattA prAvajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 1. yadi koI deva vikurvaNAzakti se strI kA rUpa banAkara nirgrantha kA AliMgana kare aura nirgrantha usake sparza kA anumodana kare to (maithunasevana nahIM karane para bhI) bhAvoM se maithunasevana ke doSa ko prApta hotA hai / ata: vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| 2. yadi koI deva vikurvaNA zakti se puruSa kA rUpa banAkara nirgranthI kA AliMgana kare aura nirgranthI usake sparza kA anumodana kare to (maithunasevana nahIM karane para bhI) bhAvoM se maithunasevana ke doSa ko prApta hotI hai / ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai / 3. yadi koI devI vikurvaNA zakti se strI kA rUpa banAkara nirgrantha kA AliMgana kare aura nirgrantha usake sparza kA anumodana kare to (maithunasevana nahIM karane para bhI) bhAvoM se maithunasevana ke doSa ko prApta hotA hai / ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| 4. yadi koI devI puruSa kA rUpa banAkara nirgranthI kA AliMgana kare aura nirgranthI usake sparza kA anumodana kare to (maithunasevana nahIM karane para bhI) bhAvoM se maithunasevana ke doSa ko prApta hotI hai / ataH vaha anuddhAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai / vivecana-ina cAra sUtroM meM kevala maithunabhAvoM kA prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| kisI nirgrantha yA nirgranthI ko dekhakara koI deva yA devI manuSya yA mAnuSI kA rUpa banAkara maithuna ke saMkalpoM se nirgrantha yA nirgranthI kA AliMgana Adi kare aura isase vicalita hokara nirgrantha yA nirgranthI AliMganAdi se sukhAnubhava kare yA maithunasevana kI abhilASA kare to ve gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiN|
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________________ 230 [bRhatkalpasutra tAtparya yaha hai ki deva yA devI ke vikurvita strI rUpa ke sparza kA anumodana karane se sAdhu ko prAyazcitta AtA hai aura deva yA devI ke vikurvita puruSa rUpa ke sparza kA anumodana karane se sAdhvI ko prAyazcitta AtA hai| kalahakRta AgaMtuka bhikSu ke prati kartavya 5. bhikkhu ya ahigaraNaM kaTu taM ahigaraNaM avinosavettA icchejjA annaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharattie kappai tassa paMca rAiMdiyaM cheyaM kaTu pariNivAviya-pariNivvAviya doccaM pi tamevaM gaNaM paDinijjAeyanve siyA, jahA vA tassa gaNassa pattiyaM siyaa| 5. bhikSa kalaha karake use upazAnta kiye binA anyagaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to use pAMca dina-rAta kI dIkSA kA cheda dekara aura sarvathA zAnta-prazAnta karake punaH usI gaNa meM lauTA denA cAhiye athavA jisa gaNa se vaha AyA hai, usa gaNa ko jisa prakAra se pratIti ho usI taraha karanA caahie| vivecana--isa sUtra kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yadi koI bhikSu kisI kAraNa se krodhita hokara anyagaNa meM calA jAve to usa gaNa ke sthaviroM ko cAhie ki use upadeza dekara zAnta kare aura pAMca dina kI dIkSA kA chedana kara pUrva ke gaNa meM vApisa bheja deN| jisase usa gaNa ke nirgrantha bhikSutroM ko yaha vizvAsa ho jAe ki aba isa nirgrantha bhikSu kA krodha upazAnta ho gayA hai| yadi upAdhyAya kisI kAraNa se krodhita hokara anyagaNa meM cale jAe~ to usa gaNa ke sthavira unheM bhI komala vacanoM se prazAnta kareM aura unakI daza ahorAtra pramANa dIkSA kA chedana kara unheM pUrva ke gaNa meM lauTA deN| yadi prAcAryAdi bhI krodhita hokara anyagaNa meM cale jAe~ to unheM bhI usa gaNa ke sthavira komala vacanoM se zAnta kareM aura unakI pandraha ahorAtra pramANa dIkSA kA chedana kara unheM pUrva ke gaNa meM lauTA deN| kaSAya kA vyApaka prabhAva batAte hue bhASyakAra ne kahA ki dezona koTi (karor3a) pUrvakAla taka tapazcaraNa karake jisa cAritra kA upArjana kiyA hai vaha eka muhUrta pramANa kAla taka kI gaI kaSAya se naSTa ho jAtA hai / ataH nirgrantha bhikSu ko kaSAya nahIM karanA cAhie / yadi kadAcit kaSAya utpanna ho jAe to use tatkAla zAnta karane kA prayatna karanA caahie| ___ apane gaNa ko chor3akara anya gaNa meM Aye hue bhikSu prAdi samajhAne para bhI punaH apane gaNa meM jAnA na cAheM to usa gaNa ke sthavira sAmAnya bhikSu ko daza ahorAtra, upAdhyAya kI pandraha ahorAtra aura prAcArya kI bIsa ahorAtra dIkSA kA chedana kara apane gaNa meM rakha sakate haiM, kintu rakhane ke pUrva sambhava ho to usa gaNa se usakI jAnakArI evaM svIkRti prApta kara lenI caahie| rAtribhojana ke aticAra kA viveka evaM prAyazcittavidhAna 6. bhikkhU ya uggayavittIe aNatyamiya-saMkappe saMthaDie ninvitigicche asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA paDiggAhettA AhAraM prAharemANe aha pacchA jANejjA
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________________ pAMcavA uddezaka] [231 aNuggae sUrie, athamie vA se jaM ca prAsayaMsi, jaM ca pANisi, jaM ca paDiggahe taM vigicamANe vA, visohemANe vA No aikkmi| taM appaNA bhujamANe, annesi vA dalamANe, rAibhoyaNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 7. bhikkhU ya uggayavittIe aNatyamiyasaMkapye saMthaDie viigicchAsamAvaNNe asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA paDiggAhittA AhAraM pAhAremANe graha pacchA jANejjA aNuggae sUrie, athamie vA se jaM ca prAsayaMsi, jaM ca pANisi, jaM. ca paDiggahe taM vigicamANe vA visohemANe vA no jikkmi| taM appaNA bhujamANe, annesi vA dalamANe rAibhoyaNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsithaM parihAradvANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 8. bhikkhU ya uggayavittIe aNathamiyasaMkappe asaMthaDie nivitigicche asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA paDiggAhettA AhAraM AhAremANe aha pacchA jANejjA aNuggae sUrie, pratthamie vA se jaM ca AsayaMsi, jaM ca pANisi, jaM ca paDiggahe taM vigicamANe vA, visohemANe vA no aikkamai / taM appaNA bhujamANe annesi vA dalamANe rAibhoyaNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 9. bhikkhU ya uggayavittIe aNathamiyasaMkappe asaMthaDie viigicchAsamAvaNNe asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA paDiggAhettA AhAraM pAhAremANe aha pacchA jANejjA aNuggae sUrie, prathamie vA se jaM ca AsayaMsi, jaM ca pANisi, jaM ca paDiggahe taM vigicamANe vA, visohemANe vA no aikkamai / taM appaNA bhujamANe, annesi vA dalamANe rAibhoyaNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 6. sUryodaya ke pazcAt aura sUryAsta se pUrva bhikSAcaryA karane kI pratijJA vAlA tathA sUryodaya yA sUryAsta ke sambandha meM asaMdigdha-samartha-bhikSu azana yAvat svAdima grahaNa kara AhAra karatA huA yadi yaha jAne ki sUryodaya nahIM huA hai athavA sUryAsta ho gayA hai, to usa samaya jo AhAra muMha meM hai, hAtha meM hai, pAtra meM hai use paraTha de tathA mukha Adi kI zuddhi kara le to vaha jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| yadi usa AhAra ko vaha svayaM khAve yA anya nirgrantha ko de to use rAtribhojanasevana kA doSa lagatA hai / ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai /
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________________ 232] [bRhatkalpasUtra 7. sUryodaya ke pazcAt aura sUryAsta se pUrva bhikSAcaryA karane kI pratijJA vAlA kintu sUryodaya yA sUryAsta ke sambandha meM saMdigdha-samartha-bhikSu azana yAvat svAdima grahaNa kara AhAra karatA huA yadi yaha jAne ki sUryodaya nahIM huA hai yA sUryAsta ho gayA hai, to usa samaya jo AhAra muha meM hai, hAtha meM hai, pAtra meM hai use paraTha de tathA mukha Adi kI zuddhi kara le to vaha jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| yadi usa AhAra ko vaha svayaM khAve yA anya nirgrantha ko de to use rAtribhojanasevana kA doSa lagatA hai ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| 8. sUryodaya ke pazcAt aura sUryAsta se pUrva bhikSAcaryA karane kI pratijJA vAlA tathA sUryodaya yA sUryAsta ke sambandha meM asaMdigdhana-samartha-bhikSu prazana yAvat svAdima grahaNa kara AhAra karatA huA yadi yaha jAne ki-sUryodaya nahIM huA hai yA sUryAsta ho gayA hai to usa samaya jo AhAra muha meM hai, hAtha meM hai, pAtra meM hai use paraTha de tathA mukha Adi kI zuddhi kara le to vaha jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| yadi usa pAhAra ko vaha svayaM khAve yA anya nirgrantha ko de to use rAtribhojanasevana kA doSa lagatA hai / ata: vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai / 9. sUryodaya ke pazcAt aura sUryAsta se pUrva bhikSAcaryA karane kI pratijJA vAlA kintu sUryodaya yA sUryAsta ke sambandha meM saMdigdha-asamartha-bhikSu azana yAvat svAdima grahaNa kara AhAra karatA huA yaha jAne ki 'sUryodaya nahIM huA hai yA sUryAsta ho gayA hai to usa samaya jo AhAra muha meM hai, hAtha meM hai, pAtra meM hai use paraTha de tathA mukha prAdi kI zuddhi kara le to vaha jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| yadi usa AhAra ko vaha svayaM khAve yA anya nirgrantha ko de to use rAtribhojanasevana kA doSa lagatA hai / ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai / vivecana-prastuta ina cAra sUtroM meMprathama sUtra saMstRta evaM nivicikitsa nirgrantha kI apekSA se kahA gayA hai / dvitIya sUtra saMstRta evaM vicikitsa nirgrantha kI apekSA se kahA gayA hai / tRtIya sUtra asaMstRta evaM nivi cikitsa nirgrantha kI apekSA se kahA gayA hai| caturtha sUtra asaMstRta evaM vicikitsa nirgrantha kI apekSA se kahA gayA hai / saMstRta-zabda kA artha hai--samartha, svastha aura pratidina paryAptabhojI bhikSu / asaMstRta-zabda kA artha hai-asamartha, asvastha tathA telA Adi tapazcaryA karane vAlA tapasvI bhikSu ! asaMstRta tIna prakAra ke hote haiM--1. tapa-asaMstRta, 2. glAna-prasaMstRta, 3. adhvAna-prasaMstRta / 1. tapa-prasaMstRta tapazcaryA karane se jo nirgrantha asamartha ho gayA hai| 2. glAna-prasaMstRta-roga Adi se jo nirgrantha azakta ho gayA hai| . 3. adhvAna-prasaMstRta-mArga kI thakAna se jo nirgrantha klAnta ho gayA hai|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka [233 vicikitsa-pada kA kA artha hai sUryodaya huA yA nahIM athavA sUryAsta huA yA nahIM, isa prakAra ke saMzaya vAlA bhikSu / nivicikitsa-pada kA artha hai saMzayarahita arthAt 'sUryodaya ho gayA hai' yA 'sUryAsta nahIM huA hai'---isa prakAra ke nizcaya vAlA nirgrantha / nirgrantha-nirgranthiyAM eka deza se anya deza meM jAte samaya bIca meM par3ane vAle bar3e araNya-pradezoM meM AtmasurakSA ke lie kadAcita sArthavAhoM ke sAtha vihAra kareM / vaha sArthavAha jahAM sUryAsta ho vahIM par3Ava DAlakara Thahara jAve / sUryodaya hote hI Age cala deve / aise par3AvoM para sAmane se Ane-jAne vAle sArthavAha bhI kabhI-kabhI eka sAtha hI Thahara jAveM / usa samaya meghAcchanna AkAza meM sUrya na dikhane para sUryodaya kA bhrama ho jAne se sArthavAha Age ke lie prasthAna kara de taba nayA Ane vAlA sArthavAha nirgranthoM yA nimranthiyoM ko AhAra denA cAhe to 'sUryodaya ho gayA hai' isa saMkalpa se AhArAdi lenA sambhava hai aura usakA sevana karanA bhI sambhava hai| / usI samaya bAdala dUra ho jAe aura uSAkAlIna prabhA dikha jAe yA sUryodaya hotA huA dikha jAe to nirgrantha yA nirgranthI ko vaha AhAra paraTha denA cAhie / anyathA vaha sUtrokta prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| anya vivecana nizItha u. 10, sUtra 28 meM dekheM / vahAM bhI ye cAra sUtra isI prakAra ke kahe gaye haiN| udgAla sambandhI viveka evaM prAyazcitta-vidhAna 10. iha khalu nigaMthassa vA nigaMthIe vA rAo vA biyAle vA sapANe sabhoyaNe umgAle AgacchejjA, taM vigicamANe vA visohemANe vA no aikkamai / taM uggalittA paccogilamANe rAibhoyaNapaDisevaNapatte prAvajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 10. yadi kisI nirgrantha yA nimranthI ko rAtri meM yA vikAla ( sandhyA ) meM pAnI aura bhojana sahita udgAla Aye to usa samaya vaha use thUka de aura muha zuddha kara le to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM rahatA hai| ___yadi vaha udgAla ko nigala jAve to use rAtri-bhojanasevana kA doSa lagatA hai aura vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vivecana--jaba kabhI koI sAdhu mAtrA se adhika khA-pI letA hai, taba use udgAla AtA hai aura peTa kA anna aura pAna mukha meM A jAtA hai / isalie gurujanoM kA upadeza hai ki sAdhu ko sadA mAtrA se kama hI khAnA-pInA caahie| kadAcit sAdhu ke adhika mAtrA meM AhAra-pAna ho jAe aura rAta meM yA sAMyakAla meM udgAla yA jAe to use sUtrokta vidhi ke anusAra vastra Adi se mukha ko zuddha kara lenA cAhie / jo usa ugAla Aye bhakta-pAna ko vApasa nigala jAtA hai vaha sUtrokta prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| isa . viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie bhASyakAra ne eka rUpaka diyA hai|
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________________ 234] [bRhatkalpasUtra jaise kar3AhI meM mAtrA se kama dUdha Adi oMTAyA yA rAMdhA jAtA hai to vaha usake bhItara hI ubalatA pakatA rahatA hai, bAhara nahIM AtA kintu jaba kar3AhI meM bhara-pUra dUdha yA anya koI padArtha bhara kara oMTAyA yA pakAyA jAtA hai taba usameM ubAla Akara kar3AhI se bAhara nikala jAtA hai aura kabhI to vaha cUlhe kI Aga taka ko bujhA detA hai| isI prakAra maryAdA se adhika AhAra karane meM udgAla A jAtA hai aura kama AhAra karane se udgAla nahIM pAtA hai / aisA hI prAyazcittasUtra nizItha u. 10 meM bhI hai| saMsakta AhAra ke khAne evaM paraThane kA vidhAna 11. niragaMthassa ya gAhAvaikulaM piMDavAyapaDiyAe aNuppaviddhassa aMto paDiggahaMsi pANANi vA, bIyANi vA, rae vA pariyAvajjejjA, taM ca saMcAei vigicittae vA visohittae thA, taM puvyAmeva vigiciya visohiya, to saMjayAmeva bhujejja vA, piejja vaa| taM ca no saMcAei vigicittae vA, visohittae vA, taM no appaNo bhujejjA, no annesi dAvae, egate bahuphAsue thaMDile paDilehittA pamajjittA pariTThaveyavve siyaa| 11. gRhastha ke ghara meM zrAhAra-pAnI ke lie praviSTa hue sAdhu ke pAtra meM koI prANI, bIja yA sacitta raja par3a jAe aura yadi use pRthaka kiyA jA sake, vizodhana kiyA jA sake to use pahale pRthaka kare yA vizodhana kare, usake bAda yatanApUrvaka khAve yA pIve / yadi use pRthak karanA yA vizodhana karanA sambhava na ho to usakA na svayaM upabhoga kare aura na dUsaroM ko de, kintu ekAMta aura prAsuka sthaMDila-bhUmi meM pratilekhana pramArjana karake paraTha de| vivecana-gocarI ke lie gae hue sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko sarvaprathama AhAra dene vAle vyakti ke hAtha meM lie hue annapiMDa kA nirIkSaNa karanA cAhie ki yaha zuddha hai yA nhiiN| jIvAdi to usameM nahIM haiM ? yadi zuddha evaM jIvarahita dikhe to grahaNa kare, anyathA nahIM / dekha kara yA zodha kara yatanA se grahaNa karate hue ukta anna-piMDa ke pAtra meM diye jAne para punaH dekhanA cAhie ki pAtra meM annapiMDa dete samaya koI makkhI Adi to nahIM daba gaI hai, yA Upara se pAkara to nahIM baiTha gaI hai, yA anya kor3I Adi to nahIM car3ha gaI hai ? yadi sAdhu yA sAdhvI isa prakAra sAvadhAnIpUrvaka nirIkSaNa na kare to ladhumAsa ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| kadAcit gRhastha dvArA AhAra dete samaya sAdhu kA upayoga anyatra ho aura gRhastha ke ghara se nikalate hI usakA dhyAna pAhAra kI ora jAve ki maiM pAtra meM lete samaya jIvAdi kA nirIkSaNa nahIM kara pAyA hUM to sAta kadama jAe jitane samaya ke bhItara hI kisI sthAna para khar3e hokara usakA nirIkSaNa karanA caahie| yadi upAzraya samIpa ho to vahAM jAkara nirIkSaNa karanA cAhie aura nirIkSaNa karane para yadi sa prANI calate-phirate dIkhe to unheM yatanA se eka-eka karake bAhara nikAla denA cAhie / isI prakAra yadi AhAra meM mRta jIva dIkhe yA sacitta bIjAdi dIkhe athavA sacitta-patrAdi se mizrita . AhAra dIkhe aura unakA nikAlanA saMbhava ho to vivekapUrvaka nikAla denA caahie| yadi unakA nikAlanA saMbhava na ho to use ekAnta nirjIva bhUmi para paraTha denA caahie|
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________________ [235 pAMcavAM uddezaka] bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI kahA hai ki paraThate samaya sAdhu isa bAta kA bhI dhyAna rakhe ki jisa gahastha ke yahAM se AhAra lAye haiM vaha dekha to nahIM rahA hai? usakI A~khoM se ojhala hI paraThanA cAhie / anyathA vaha nindA karegA ki dekho ye sAdhu kaise unmatta haiM jo aise durlabha prAhAra ko grahaNa karake bhI pheMka dete haiN| isa sUtra kA tAtparya yaha hai ki koI bhI sacitta padArtha yA sacittamizrita khAdya padArtha asAvadhAnI se grahaNa kara liyA jAe aura sacitta padArtha zodhana ho sake to unakA zodhana karake acitta AhAra khAyA jA sakatA hai| yadi sacitta padArtha aise mizrita hoM ki unakA nikAlanA sambhava na ho to vaha mizrita AhAra bhI paraTha denA caahie| jaise-1. dahI meM pyAja ke Tukar3e, 2. zakkara meM namaka, 3. sUkhe ThaMDe cUrame Adi meM gire hue khazakhaza Adi ke bIja, 4. ghevara yA phINI Adi meM kIr3iyoM Adi kA nikAlanA sambhava kama hotA hai aura phUlana evaM rasaja jIvoM se saMsakta AhAra bhI zuddha nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataH ye paraThane yogya haiM / sacitta jala-bindu gire AhAra ko khAne evaM paraThane kA vidhAna 12. niggaMthassa ya gAhAvaikulaM piMDavAyapaDiyAe aNuppaviTThassa aMto paDiggahaMsi dae vA, dagarae bA, dagaphusie vA pariyAvajjejjA se ya usiNabhoyaNajAe paribhottabve siyaa| se ya sIyabhoyaNajAe taM no appaNA bhujejjA, no agnesi vAvae, egate bahuphAsue thaMDile paDilehitA pamajjittA pariTTaveyadhve siyA / 12. gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra-pAnI ke lie praviSTa sAdhu ke pAtra meM yadi sacitta jala, jalabindu yA jalakaNa gira jAe aura vaha pAhAra uSNa ho to use khA lenA caahie| ___ vaha AhAra yadi zItala ho to na khuda khAve na dUsaroM ko de kintu ekAnta aura prAsuka sthaMDilabhUmi meM paraTha denA cAhie / vivecana-pUrva sUtra meM saMsakta AhAra sambandhI vidhi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtra meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki varSA se yA anya kisI kI asAvadhAnI se grahaNa kie hue AhAra para sacitta pAnI yA pAnI kI bUdeM athavA bArIka chIMTe uchalakara gira jAe~ to bhikSa yaha jAnakArI kare ki vaha AhAra uSNa hai yA zItala ? yadi uSNa hai to pAnI kI bUMdeM acitta ho jAne se usa AhAra ko khAyA jA sakatA hai / yathA khIcar3I, dUdha, dAla Adi garma padArtha / yadi grahaNa kiyA huA bhojana zItala hai to use nahIM khAnA cAhiye kintu paraTha denA cAhie, yathA-khAkharA roTI Adi / isa sUtra ke bhASya-gAthA. 5910-5912 meM spaSTIkaraNa karate hue zItala pAhAra kI mAtrA evaM sparza Adi ke vikalpa (bhaMga) kie haiM evaM girI huI pAnI kI bUdoM Adi ko khAdya padArtha se zastrapariNata hone yA nahIM hone kI avasthAeM batAI gaI haiN| unakA sArAMza yaha hai-'vyAkhyAto vizeSapratipattiH' ataH pAnI kI mAtrA evaM zIta yA uSNa AhAra kI mAtrA aura sparza Adi ke
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________________ 236] [bRhatkalpasUtra anupAta se pAnI ke acitta hone kA svataH nirNaya karanA cAhie evaM acitta ho jAe to khAnA cAhie aura sacitta rahe to paraTha denA caahie| AgamoM meM aneka khAdya padArthoM ke aMza yukta pAnI ko acitta evaM grAhya batAyA gayA hai, ataH zItala AhAra para girI huI pAnI kI bUdoM ke zastrapariNata hone kI pUrNa sambhAvanA rahatI hai| jisa prakAra garma pAha vaha AhAra khAyA jA sakatA hai, vaise hI kAlAntara se vaha zItala AhAra bhI khAyA jAe to usameM koI doSa nahIM hai| uSNa AhAra meM pAnI kI bUMdoM kA tatkAla acitta ho jAnA nizcita hai aura zItala AhAra meM girI pAnI kI bUMdoM kA acitta honA anizcita hai athavA kAlAntara meM acitta hotI haiM / isI kAraNa se sUtra meM donoM ke vidhAnoM meM antara kiyA gayA hai| pazu-pakSI ke sparzAdi se utpanna maithunabhAva ke prAyazcitta 13. niggaMthIe ya rAo vA viyAle vA uccAraM vA pAsavaNaM vA vigicamANIe vA visohemANIe vA annayare pasujAie vA pakkhijAie vA annayaraM iMdiyajAyaM parAmusejjA, taM ca niggaMthI sAijjejjA hatthakamma-paDisevaNapattA pAvajjai mAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 14. niggaMthIe ya rAmo vA viyAle vA uccAraM vA pAsavaNaM vA vigicamANIe vA annayare pasujAie vA pakkhijAie vA annayaraMsi soyaMsi progAhejjA taM ca niggaMtho sAijjejjA, mehuNapaDisevaNapattA Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugdhAiyaM / 13. yadi koI nirgranthI rAtri meM yA vikAla meM mala-mUtra kA parityAga kare yA zuddhi kare usa samaya kisI pazu-pakSI se nirgranthI kI kisI indriya kA sparza ho jAe aura usa sparza kA vaha (yaha sukhada sparza hai isa prakAra) maithunabhAva se anumodana kare to use hastakarma doSa lagatA hai, ataH vaha anudghAtika mAsika prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai|| 14. yadi koI nirgranthI rAtri meM yA vikAla meM mala-mUtra kA parityAga kare yA zuddhi kare, usa samaya koI pazu-pakSI nirgranthI ke kisI zrota kA avagAhana kare aura usakA vaha 'yaha avagAhana sukhada hai' isa prakAra maithunabhAva se anumodana kare to (maithunasevana nahIM karane para bhI) use maithunasevana kA doSa lagatA hai / ataH vaha anudghAtika cAturmAsika prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai| vivecana-ye donoM sUtra brahmacaryavrata kI rakSA ke lie kahe gaye haiM, yadi koI sAdhvI rAtri yA sandhyA ke samaya mala-mUtra parityAga kara rahI ho aura usa samaya koI vAnara, hariNa, zvAna Adi pazu yA mayUra, haMsa Adi pakSI akasmAt pAkara sAdhvI ke kisI aMga kA sparza kare aura sAdhvI usa sparza ke sukhada hone kA anubhava kare to vaha hastamaithuna-pratisevanA kI pAtra hotI hai aura use isakA prAyazcitta gurumAsika tapa batalAyA gayA hai| ___ yadi ukta pazu yA pakSiyoM meM se kisI ke aMga usa sAdhvI ke guhya pradeza meM praviSTa ho jAeM aura usase vaha rati-sukha kA anubhava kare to vaha maithuna-pratisevanA kI pAtra hotI hai / usakI zuddhi ke lie gurucAturmAsika tapa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ [237 pAMcavAM uddezaka] bhASyakAra likhate haiM ki jahAM para vAnarAdi kA yA mayUrAdi pakSiyoM kA saMcAra adhika ho aise sthAna para sAdhviyoM ko akele mala-mUtra parityAga ke lie nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi jAnA bhI par3e to daNDa ko hAtha meM lie hue kisI dUsarI sAdhvI ke sAtha jAnA cAhie jisase una pazu-pakSiyoM ke samIpa Ane para unakA nivAraNa kiyA jA ske| dina meM bhI sAdhviyoM ko mala-mUtra parityAga ke lie daNDa hAtha meM lekara jAnA caahie| sAdhvI ko ekAko gamana karane kA niSedha 15. no kappai niggaMthIe egANiyAe gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa| 16. no kappai niggaMthIe egANiyAe bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA vihArabhUmi vA nikkhamittae vA pavisittae vaa| 17. no kappai niggaMthIe egANiyAe gAmANugAmaM dUijjittae, vAsAvAsaM vA vasthae / 15. akelI nirgranthI ko prAhAra ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM AnA-jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| 16. akelI nirgranthI ko zauca ke lie tathA svAdhyAya ke lie upAzraya se bAhara AnAjAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| 17. akelI nimranthI ko eka gAMva se dUsare gAMva vihAra karanA tathA varSAvAsa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-nirgranthI ko kisI sthAna para akele rahanA yA akele kahIM AnA-jAnA yogya nahIM hai, kyoMki strI ko akele dekhakara durAcArI manuSya ke dvArA AkramaNa aura balAtkAra kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| isI kAraNa gocarI ke lie use kisI gRhastha ke ghara meM bhI akele nahIM jAnA caahie| mala-parityAga ke lie grAmAdi ke bAhara jo bhI sthAna ho, use 'vicArabhUmi' kahate haiM aura svAdhyAya ke liye jo bhI zAMta sthAna ho use 'vihArabhUmi' kahate haiN| ina bhUmiyoM para akele jAnA, grAmAnugnAma vihAra karanA aura akele kisI sthAna para varSAvAsa karanA bhI sAdhvI ke lie niSiddha hai| sAdhvI ko vastra-pAnarahita hone kA niSedha . ... . 18. no kappai niggaMthIe aceliyAe hotte| 19. no kappai niggaMdhIe apAiyAe hotte| . .. 18. nirgranthI ko vastrarahita honA nahIM kalpatA hai| 19. nirgranthI ko pAvarahita honA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ 238) vivecana--sAdhvI ke lie acela honA aura jinakalpI honA bhI niSiddha hai| sarvajJaprarUpita dharma meM acela rahanA vihita hai phira bhI sAdhvI ke lie lokApavAda puruSAkarSaNa prAdi aneka kAraNoM se vastrarahita honA sarvathA niSiddha hai / bhakta-pAnAdi ke pAtra nahIM rakhane para sAdhvI ke AhAra-nIhAra kA karanA sambhava nahIM hai| vastra tyAgakara kAyotsarga karanA bhI sAdhvI ke lie niSiddha hai, kyoMki usa dazA meM kAmaprerita taruNa janoM ke dvArA upasargAdi kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| sAdhvI ko pratijJAbaddha hokara AsanAdi karane kA niSedha 20. no kappada niggaMthIe vosaTTakAiyAe hotte| 21. no kappai niggaMthIe bahiyA gAmassa vA jAva rAyahANIe vA uDDhaM bAhAo pagijimayapaginmiya sUrAbhimuhIe egapAiyAe ThiccA AyAvaNAe aayaavette| __ kappai se uvassayassa aMtovagaDAe saMghADiyapaDibaDAe palaMbiyabAhuyAe samatalapAiyAe ThiccA mAyAvaNAe aayaavette| 22. no kappai niggaMthoe ThANAiyAe hotte| 23. no kappai niggaMthIe paDimaTThAiyAe hotte| 24. no kappai niggaMthIe ukkuDuyAsaNiyAe hote| 25. no kappai niggaMthIe nisajjiyAe hotte| 26. no kappai niragaMthoe vIrAsaNiyAe hotte| 27. no kappai niggaMthIe daNDAsaNiyAe hottae / 28. no kappai niggaMthIe lagaNDasAiyAe hotte| no kappai niggaMthIe omaMthiyAe hotte| 30. no kappai niggaMthIe uttANiyAe hotte| 31. no kappai niggaMthIe ambakhujjiyAe hotte| 32. no kappai niggaMthIe egapAsiyAe hottae / 20. nirgranthI ko sarvathA zarIra vosirAkara rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 21. nirgranthI ko grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI ke bAhara bhujAoM ko Upara kI ora karake, sUrya kI pora muha karake tathA eka paira se khar3e hokara prAtApanA lenA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka [239 kintu upAzraya ke andara pardA lagAkara ke bhujAeM nIce laTakAkara donoM pairoM ko samatala karake khar3e hokara AtApanA lenA kalpatA hai / 22. nirgranthI ko khar3e hokara kAyotsarga karane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 23. nirgranthI ko eka rAtri Adi kAyotsarga karane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 24. nirgranthI ko utkuTukAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 25. nirgranthI ko niSadyAoM se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 26. nirgranthI ko vIrAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 27. nirgranthI ko daNDAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 28. nimranthI ko lakuTAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 29. nirgranthI ko pradhomukhI sokara sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 30. nirgranthI ko uttAnAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 31. nirgranthI ko Amra-kubjikAsana se sthita rahane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 32. nirgranthI ko eka pArzva se zayana karane kA abhigraha karanA nahIM kalpatA hai|| vivecana zarIra ko sarvathA vosirAkara manuSya tiryaMca yA deva sambandhI upasarga sahana karanA sAdhvI ke liye niSiddha hai / / sAdhvI yadi AtApanA lenA cAhe to grAmAdi ke bAhara na jAkara apane upAzraya ke andara hI sUtrokta vidhi se AtApanA le sakatI hai| ___ samaya nizcita kara lambe kAla ke liye khar3e rahakara kAyotsarga karanA bhI sAdhvI ke liye niSiddha hai| bhikSu ko 12 pratimAeM, moyapaDimA prAdi pratimAeM, jo ekAkI rahakara kI jAtI haiM, ve bhI sAdhvI ke liye niSiddha haiN| samaya nizcita karake pAMca prakAra ke niSadyAsana se bhI baiThanA sAdhvI ko niSiddha hai| pAMca prakAra kI niSadyA isa prakAra hai 1. samapAdaputA-jisameM donoM paira puta-bhAga kA sparza kareM, 2. go-niSadyakA--gAya ke samAna baitthnaa| 3. hastizuNDikA- donoM putoM ke bala baiThakara eka paira hAthI kI sUDa ke samAna uThAkara baitthnaa| 4. paryakA-padmAsana se baiThanA aura 5. ardhaparyaMkA-ardha padmAsana arthAt eka paira ke Upara dUsarA paira rakhakara baitthnaa| sAdhviyoM ko ina pAMcoM hI prakAra kI niSadyAoM se abhigraha karake baiThane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ 240] [bRhatkalpasUtra sUtra 26 se 33 taka kahe gaye pATha Asana bhI sAdhvI ko samaya nizcita karake karanA niSiddha hai| ina AsanoM kA svarUpa dazA. dazA. 7 meM kiyA gayA hai, vahAM se samajhA jA sakatA hai / ::. bhASyakAra ne ina sabhI sAdhanAoM ke niSedha kA kAraNa yaha batAyA hai ki usa dazA meM kAmaprerita taruNa janoM ke dvArA upasargAdi kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / nizcita samaya pUrNa hone ke pUrva vaha sambhala kara sAvadhAna nahIM ho sakatI hai| samaya nirdhArita kiye binA sAdhvI kisI bhI Asana se khar3I rahe, baiThe yA soe to usakA ina sUtroM meM niSedha nahIM hai / bhASya meM bhI kahA hai-- bIrAsaNa godohI muttusamve vi tANa kampati / te puNa paDucca ceTTa, suttA u abhiggahaM pappA / / 5956 // vIrAsana aura godohikAsana ko chor3akara pravRtti kI apekSA sabhI Asana sAdhvI ko karane kalpate haiM / sUtroM meM jo niSedha kiyA hai vaha abhigraha kI apekSA se kiyA hai| vIrAsana aura goduhikAsana ye strI kI zArIrika samAdhi ke anukUla nahIM hote haiM, isI kAraNa se bhASyakAra ne niSedha kiyA hai / yadyapi abhigraha Adi sAdhanAeM vizeSa nirjarA ke sthAna haiM, phira bhI sAdhvI ke liye brahmacarya mahAvrata kI surakSA meM bAdhaka hone se inakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| bhASya meM vistRta carcA sahita isa viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai tathA vahAM agItArtha bhikSutroM ko bhI ina abhigrahoM ke dhAraNa karane kA niSedha kiyA hai| AkucanapaTTaka ke dhAraNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha 33. no kappai niggaMthINaM AkucaNapaTTagaMdhArittae vA, pariharittae vaa| 34. kappai niggaMthANaM AkucaNapaTTagaMdhArittae vA, pariharittae vaa| 33. nirgranthiyoM ko prAkucanapaTTaka rakhanA yA upayoga meM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 34. nirgranthoM ko prAkucanapaTTaka rakhanA yA upayoga meM lenA kalpatA hai / vivecana--'prAkucanapaTTaka' kA dUsarA nAma 'paryastikApaTTaka' hai| yaha cAra aMgula caur3A evaM zarIrapramANa jitanA sUtI vastra kA hotA hai| bhIta Adi kA sahArA na lenA ho taba isakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| jahAM dIvAra Adi para udaI Adi jIvoM kI sambhAvanA ho aura vRddha glAna Adi kA avalambana lekara baiThanA Avazyaka ho to isa paryastikApaTTa se kamara ko evaM ghuTane UMce karake pairoM ko bA~dha dene para ArAma kursI ke samAna avasthA ho jAtI hai aura dIvAra kA sahArA lene ke samAna zarIra ko ArAma milatA hai|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka [241 paryastikApaTTaka lagAkara isa taraha baiThanA garvayukta prAsana hotA hai| sAdhvI ke liye isa prakAra baiThanA zarIra-saMracanA ke kAraNa loka nindita hotA hai, isaliye sUtra meM unake liye paryastikApaTTaka kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| bhASyakAra ne batAyA hai ki atyanta Avazyaka hone para sAdhvI ko paryastikApaTTaka lagAkara usake Upara vastra pror3hakara baiThane kA viveka rakhanA caahie| sAdhu ko bhI sAmAnyatayA paryastikApaTTaka nahIM lagAnA cAhiye, kyoMki vizeSa paristhiti meM upayoga karane ke liye yaha aupagrahika upakaraNa hai| avalambanayukta Asana ke vidhi-niSedha 35. no kappai niggaMthINaM sAvassayaMsi AsaNaMsi Asaittae vA tuyaTTittae vA / 36. kappai niggaMthANaM sAvassayaMsi pAsaNaMsi Asaittae vA tupaTTittae vaa| 35. nirgranthI ko sAvazraya (avalambanayukta) Asana para baiThanA yA zayana karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 36. nirgrantha ko sAvazraya Asana para baiThanA yA zayana karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-pUrvokta sUtroM meM avalambana lene ke liye paryastikApaTTaka kA kathana kiyA gayA hai aura ina sUtroM meM avalambanayukta kursI Adi AsanoM kA varNana hai / Avazyaka hone para bhikSu ina sAdhanoM kA upayoga kara sakatA hai / inake na milane para paryastikApaTTa kA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| jina bhikSuoM ko paryastikApaTTa kI sadA AvazyakatA pratIta hove use apane pAsa rakha sakate haiN| kyoMki kursI Adi sAdhana sabhI kSetroM meM upalabdha nahIM hote| pUrvokta doSoM ke kAraNa hI sAdhvI ko avalambanayukta ina AsanoM kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI kabhI sAmAnya rUpa se bhI kursI Adi upakaraNa upayoga meM lenA Avazyaka samajhe to avalambana liye binA be unakA viveka pUrvaka upayoga kara sakate haiN| savisANa pITha Adi ke vidhi-niSedha 37. no kappai niggaMthoNaM savisANaMsi pIDhaMsi vA phalagaMsi vA Asaittae vA tuTTittae vA / 38. kappai niggaMthANaM savisANaMsi pIDhaMsi vA phalagaMsi vA prAsaittae vA tuyaTTittae vaa| 37. sAdhviyoM ko saviSANa pITha (baiThane kI kASTha caukI prAdi) yA phalaka (sone kA pATA Adi) para baiThanA yA zayana karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 38. sAdhuoM ko saviSANa pITha para yA phalaka para baiThanA yA zayana karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-pIr3hA yA phalaka para sIMga jaise UMce uThe hue choTe-choTe stambha hote haiN| ve gola evaM cikane hone se puruSa cihna jaise pratIta hote haiM / isaliye inakA upayoga karanA sAdhvI ke lie niSedha
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________________ 242] [bRhatkalpasUtra kiyA gayA hai / sAdhu ko bhI anya pITha-phalaka mila jAye to viSANayukta pITha-phalaka Adi upayoga meM nahIM lene caahie| kyoMki sAvadhAnI na rahane para inakI Takkara se girane kI yA coTa lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai aura nukIle hoM to cubhane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / savata tumba-pAtra ke vidhi-niSedha 39. no kappai niggaMthoNaM saveNTayaM lAuyaM dhArettae vA pariharittae vaa| 40. kappai niggaMthANaM saveNTayaM lAuyaM dhArettae vA pariharittae vaa| 39. sAdhviyoM ko savRnta alAbu (tumbI) rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai : 40. sAdhuoM ko savRnta alAbu rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhvI ko apane pAsa DaMThalayukta tubI nahIM rakhanA cAhie / isakA kAraNa viSANayukta pITha-phalaka ke samAna (brahmacarya sambandhI) samajha lenA cAhiye / sAdhu ko aisA tumba-pAtra rakhane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai| savaMta pAtrakesarikA ke vidhi-niSedha 41. no kappai niggaMthINaM saveNTayaM pAyakesariyaM dhArittae vA pariharittae thaa| 42. kappai niggaMthANaM saveNTayaM pAyakesariyaM dhAritae vA pariharittae thaa| 41. sAdhviyoM ko savRnta pAtrakesarikA rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 42. sAdhuoM ko savRnta pAtrakesarikA rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-kASTha-daNDa ke eka sire para vastra-khaNDa ko bAMdhakara pAtra yA tubI Adi ke bhItarI bhAga ko poMchane ke yA pramArjana karane ke upakaraNa ko 'savanta pAtrakesarikA' kahate haiN| brahmacarya ke bAdhaka kAraNoM kI apekSA se hI sAdhvI ko isake rakhane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| golAkAra daMDa ke atirikta anya prakAra kI pAtrakesarikA kA upayoga vaha kara sakatI hai arthAt jisa taraha sAdhvI daMDarahita pramArjanikA rakhatI hai, vaise hI vaha pAtrakesarikA bhI daNDarahita rakha sakatI hai| daNDayukta pAdapoMchana ke vidhi-niSedha 43. no kappai niggaMthINaM dArudaNDayaM pAyachaNaM dhArettae vA pariharittae vaa| 44. kappai niggaMthANaM dArudaNDayaM pAyapuchaNaM dhArettae vA pariharittae vaa| 43. nirgranthI ko dArudaNDa vAlA (kASTha kI DaMDI vAlA) pAdapoMchana rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] [243 44. nirgrantha ko dArudaNDa vAlA 'pAdapoMchana' rakhanA yA usakA upayoga karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-vastrakhaNDa kA pAdapoMchana upakaraNa pAMva kI raja Adi poMchane ke kAma AtA hai / usake bhinna-bhinna upayoga pAgama meM varNita haiN| yahAM pUrvokta kAraNoM se kASThadaNDayukta pAdapoMchana kA sAdhvI ke liye niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura sAdhu ko yadi Avazyaka ho to vaha daNDayukta pAdapoMchana rakha sakatA hai / isa upakaraNa sambandhI anya jAnakArI nizItha u. 2 sUtra 1 ke vivecana meM dI gaI hai| paraspara moka AdAna-pradAna vidhi-niSedha 45. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA annamannassa moyaM prApibittae vA Ayamittae vA nannattha gADhA'gADhesu rogAyakesu / 45. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko eka dUsare kA mUtra pInA yA usase mAliza karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kevala ugra roga evaM AtaMkoM meM kalpatA hai / vivecana-yadyapi mUtra apeya hai phira bhI vaidya ke kahane para raktavikAra, kor3ha Adi kaSTasAdhya rogoM meM athavA sarpa-daMza yA zIghra prANaharaNa karane vAle AtaMka hone para sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko mUtra pIne kI aura zotha Adi roga hone para usase mAliza karane kI chUTa prastuta sUtra meM dI gaI hai / aneka rogoM meM gAya, bakarI Adi kA tathA aneka rogoM meM svayaM ke mUtrapAna kA cikitsAzAstra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ina kAraNoM se kabhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara mUtra ke AdAna-pradAna karane kA prasaMga A sakatA hai| isI apekSA se sUtra meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai tathA sAmAnya sthiti meM paraspara lena-dena karane kA niSedha bhI kiyA hai| Acamana kA artha zuddhi karanA bhI hotA hai kintu yahAM para prabala roga sambandhI vidhAna hone se mAliza karane kA artha hI prasaMgAnukUla hai| AhAra-auSadha parivAsita rakhane ke vidhi-niSedha 46. no kappai niggaMdhANa vA niggaMthoNa vA pAriyAsiyassa prAhArassa tayappamANamettamavi, bhUippamANamettamavi, toviMduppamANamettamavi AhAramAhArettae, nannattha gADhA'gADhesu rogAyaMkesu / 47. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA pAriyAsieNaM AlevaNajAeNaM gAyAI prAlipittae vA vilipittae vA, nannatya gADhA'gAhiM rogAryakehi / 48. no kappaha niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pAriyAsieNaM telleNa vA jAva navanIeNa vA gAyAI abhaMgittae vA makkhittae vA, nannatya gADhA'gAhiM rogAyaMkehi / 46. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko parivAsita (rAtri meM rakhA huA) AhAra tvak pramANa
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________________ 244] [bRhatkalpasUtra (tila-tuSa jitanA) bhUti-pramANa (eka cuTakI jitanA) khAnA tathA pAnI bindupramANa jitanA bhI pInA nahIM kalpatA hai, kevala ugra roga evaM AtaMka meM kalpatA hai| 47. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko apane zarIra para sabhI prakAra ke parivAsita lepana eka bAra yA bAra-bAra lagAnA nahIM kalpatA hai, kevala ugra roga evaM prAtaMkoM meM lagAnA kalpatA hai| 48. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko apane zarIra para parivAsita tela yAvat navanIta ko cupar3anA yA malanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kevala ugra roga yA aAtaMkoM meM kalpatA hai| vivecana-nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko khAne-pIne yogya aura lepana-mardana karane yogya padArthoM kA saMcaya karanA tathA rAtri meM una padArthoM kA lAnA, rakhanA evaM unakA upayoga karanA utsargamArga meM sarvathA niSiddha hai aura ina kAryoM ke liye prAyazcitta kA bhI vidhAna hai| kyoMki ina kAryoM ke karane se saMyamavirAdhanA hotI hai| bhASya meM isa viSaya kA vistRta varNana hai| ugra roga yA aAtaMka hone para pUrvokta atyanta Avazyaka padArthoM ke saMcaya karane kA tathA rAtri meM parivAsita rakhane kA evaM unake upayoga karane kA apavAdamArga meM hI vidhAna hai| gItArtha yadi yaha jAna le ki nikaTa bhaviSya meM ugna roga yA AtaMka hone vAlA hai, mahAmArI yA senAoM ke AtaMka se gAMva khAlI ho rahe haiM, sthavira rugNa haiM, calane meM asamartha haiM, Avazyaka auSadhiyAM Asa-pAsa ke gAMvoM meM na milane ke kAraNa dUra gAMvoM se lAI gaI haiM, ityAdi kAraNoM se ukta padArthoM kA saMcaya kara sakate haiM, rAtri meM parivAsita rakha sakate haiM evaM unakA upayoga bhI kara sakate haiN| candana, kAyaphala, soMTha Adi dravya lepana yogya hote haiN| zilA para ghisa kara yA pIsakara inakA lepa taiyAra kiyA jAtA hai| mAlepana---eka bAra lepana karanA / vilepana-bAra-bAra lepana karanA / athavA Alepana-zarIra meM jalana Adi hone para sarvAMga meM lepa krnaa| vilepana-mastaka Adi viziSTa aMga para lepa karanA / nirgrantha nirgranthiyoM ko saundaryavRddhi ke lie kisI prakAra ke pAlepana-vilepana kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| kevala rogAdi kI zAnti ke lie lepya padArthoM kA prayoga kara sakate haiM / AgADha rogAtaMka meM ina padArthoM ko rAtri meM bhI rakhA jA sakatA hai| ina sUtroM meM rAtri meM rakhe gaye padArthoM kA paristhitivaza khAne evaM upayoga meM lene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isase rAtri meM khAnA yA upayoga meM lenA na samajhakara parivAsita padArthoM ko dina meM upayoga meM lene kA hI samajhanA cAhiye / durlabha dravyoM ko rAta meM rakhane kI evaM prabala rogAtaMka meM dina meM upayoga lene kI chUTa sUtra se samajha lenI cAhiye / bhinna-bhinna padArthoM ko rAtri meM kisa viveka se kisa prakAra rakhanA, isakI vidhi bhASya se jAnanI caahiye|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] |245 parihArika bhikSu kA doSasevana evaM prAyazcitta 49. parihArakappaTThie bhikkhU bahiyA therANaM veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, se ya Ahacca aikkamejjA, taM ca therA jANijjA appaNo AgameNaM annesi vA aMtie soccA, to pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAma vavahAre paTudhiyavve siyaa|| 49. parihArakalpasthita bhikSu yadi sthaviroM kI vaiyAvRtya ke lie kahIM bAhara jAe aura kadAcit parihArakalpa meM koI doSa sevana karale, yaha vRttAnta sthavira apane jJAna se yA anya se sunakara jAna le to vaiyAvRtya se nivRtta hone ke bAda use atyalpa prasthApanA prAyazcitta denA cAhiye / vivecana-isa sUtra meM 'vaiyAvRtya' pada upalakSaNa hai, ataH anya Avazyaka kArya bhI isameM samAviSTa kara lie jAte haiN| ___ prAcArya yA gaNa pramukha Adi parihAratapa vahana karane vAle ko vaiyAvRtya ke lie yA anya darzana ke vAdiyoM ke sAtha zAstrArtha karane ke lie kahIM anyatra bhejeM yA vaha svayaM anivArya kAraNoM se kahIM anyatra jAe aura vahAM usake parihAratapa kI maryAdA kA atikramaNa ho jAe taba usake atikramaNa ko prAcAryAdi svayaM apane jJAna-bala se yA anya kisI ke dvArA jAna leM to use atyalpa prAyazcitta deM, kyoMki usakA parihAratapa vaiyAvRtya yA zAstrArtha Adi vizeSa kAraNoM se khaNDita huyA hai| aise prasaMgoM meM Avazyaka lage to prAcArya usakA parihAratapa chur3Akara bhI bheja sakate haiN| ataH usa avadhi meM kiyA gayA atikramaNa kSamya mAnA gayA hai evaM usakA atyalpa prasthApanA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| pulAka-bhakta grahaNa ho jAne para gocarI jAne kA vidhi-niSedha 50. niggaMthIe ya gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe aNupaviTThAe annayare pulAgabhatte paDiggAhie siyA sA ya saMtharejjA, kappai se tadivasaM teNeva bhattaTThaNaM pajjosavettae, no se kappai doccaM pi gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe pavisittae / sA ya na saMtharejjA, evaM se kappai doccaM pi gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe pvisitte| 50. nimranthI AhAra ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM praveza kare aura vahAM yadi pulAka-bhakta (atyaMta sarasa AhAra) grahaNa ho jAe aura yadi usa gRhIta AhAra se nirvAha ho jAe to usa dina usI pAhAra se rahe kintu dUsarI bAra aAhAra ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM na jaave|| yadi usa gRhIta AhAra se nirvAha na ho sake to dUsarI bAra pAhAra ke lie jAnA kalpatA hai| vivecana--pulAka zabda kA sAmAnya artha hai-'asAra padArtha', kintu yahAM kucha vizeSa artha
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________________ [yahatkalpasUtra jinake sevana se saMyama nissAra ho jAe athavA jinazAsana, saMgha aura dharma kI avahelanA yA nindA ho ve saba khAdyapadArtha pulAka-bhakta kahe jAte haiM / bhASya meM vistRta artha karate hue pulAka-bhakta tIna prakAra ke kahe haiM 1 dhAnyapulAka, 2. gandhapulAka, 3. rasapulAka / 1. jina dhAnyoM ke khAne se zArIrika sAmarthya Adi kI vRddhi na ho, aise sAMvA, zAli, balla Adi 'dhAnyapulAka' kahe jAte haiN| 2. lahasuna pyAja prAdi tathA loMga ilAyacI itra prAdi jinakI utkaTa gandha ho, ve saba padArtha 'gandhapulAka' kahe jAte haiN| 3. dUdha imalI kA rasa drAkSArasa Adi athavA ati sarasa, pauSTika evaM aneka rAsAyanika auSadha-mizrita khAdya padArtha 'rasapulAka' kahe jAte haiN| isa sUtra meM 'pulAkabhakta' ke grahaNa kie jAne para nirvAha ho sake to sAdhvI ko punaH gocarI jAne kA niSedha kiyA hai / ataH yahAM rasapulAka kI apekSA sUtra kA vidhAna samajhanA caahie| kyoMki gandhapulAka aura dhAnyapulAka rUpa vaikalpika artha meM puna: gocarI nahIM jAne kA sUtrokta vidhAna tarkasaMgata nahIM hai| rasapUlAka ke prati sevana se ajIrNa yA unmAda hone kI prAyaH sambhAvanA rahatI hai / ataH usa dina usase nirvAha ho sakatA ho to phira bhikSA ke lie nahIM jAnA cAhie, jisase ukta doSoM kI sambhAvanA na rahe / yadi vaha rasa-pulAkabhakta atyalpa mAtrA meM ho aura usase nirvAha na ho sake to punaH bhikSA grahaNa kI jA sakatI hai| isa sUtra meM nimranthI ke lie hI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, nirgrantha ke lie kyoM nahIM? isakA uttara bhASyakAra ne isa prakAra diyA hai| "eseva gamo niyamA tivihapulAgammi hoI samaNANaM" jo vidhi nirgranthI ke lie hai, vahI nirgrantha ke lie bhI hai| pAMcaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza deva yA devI strI kA yA puruSa kA rUpa vikurvita kara sAdhu sAdhvI kA AliMgana Adi kare, taba ve usake sparza Adi se maithunabhAva kA anubhava kareM to unheM gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| anya gaNa se koI bhikSu Adi kleza karake Ave to use samajhAkara zAnta karanA evaM pAMca dina Adi kA dIkSAcheda prAyazcitta dekara punaH usake gaNa meM bheja denaa| yadi AhAra grahaNa karane ke bAda yA khAte samaya yaha jJAta ho jAe ki sUryAsta ho gayA hai yA sUryodaya nahIM huA hai to usa pAhAra ko paraTha denA cAhiye / yadi khAve to use gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai / rAtri ke samaya muha meM udgAla A jAe to use nahIM nigalanA kintu paraTha denA caahiye|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] sUtra 11 12 13-14 15-17 18-21 22-32 [247 gocarI karate hue kabhI AhAra meM sacitta bIja, raja yA trasa jIva A jAe to use sAvadhAnIpUrvaka nikAla denA caahie| yadi nahIM nikala sake to utanA saMsakta AhAra paraTha denA caahiye| gocarI karate hue kabhI AhAra meM sacitta jala kI bUdeM Adi gira jAe~ to garma AhAra ko khAyA jA sakatA hai aura ThaNDe sAhAra ko paraTha denA caahiye| rAtri meM mala-mUtra tyAga karatI huI nirgranthI ke guptAMgoM kA koI pazu yA pakSI sparza yA avagAhana kareM aura nirgranthI maithunabhAva se usakA anumodana kare to use gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| nirgranthI ko gocarI, sthaMDila yA svAdhyAya Adi ke liye akele nahIM jAnA cAhiye tathA vicaraNa evaM cAturmAsa bhI akele nahIM karanA caahie| nirgranthI ko vastrarahita honA, pAparahita honA, zarIra ko vosirA kara rahanA, grAma ke bAhara AtApanA lenA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu sUtrokta vidhi se vaha upAzraya meM prAtApanA le sakatI hai| nirgranthI ko kisI bhI prakAra ke Asana se pratijJAbaddha hokara rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| AkucanapaTTa, pAlambana yukta Asana, choTe stambhayukta pIDhe, nAlayukta tumbA, kASThadaNDayukta pAtrakesarikA yA pAdapoMchana sAdhvI ko rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu sAdhu inheM rakha sakatA hai| prabala kAraNa ke binA sAdhu-sAdhvI eka dUsare ke mUtra ko pIne evaM Acamana karane ke upayoga meM nahIM le sakate haiN| sAdhu-sAdhvI rAta rakhe hue AhAra-pAnI auSadha aura lepya padArthoM ko prabala kAraNa ke binA upayoga meM nahIM le sakate, kintu prabala kAraNa se ve una padArthoM kA dina meM upayoga kara sakate haiN| parihAratapa vahana karane vAlA bhikSu sevA ke liye jAve, usa samaya yadi vaha apanI kisI maryAdA kA ullaMghana kara le to use sevAkArya se nivRtta hone para atyalpa prAyazcitta denA caahie| atyanta pauSTika AhAra A jAne ke bAda sAdhvI ko anya AhAra kI gaveSaNA nahIM karanA caahie| kintu usa AhAra se yadi nirvAha na ho sake, itanI alpa mAtrA meM hI ho to puna: gocarI lAne ke liye jA sakatI hai| upasaMhAraisa uddezaka meM 45 sUtra 1-4, 13-14 maithunabhAva ke prAyazcitta kA, kleza karake Aye bhikSu ke prati kartavya kA,
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________________ 24] [bRhatkalpasUtra 15-32 33-44 45 rAtribhojana kA viveka evaM usake prAyazcitta kA, saMsakta AhAra ke viveka kA, nirgranthI ko ekAkI na hone kA evaM zarIra ko na vosirAne kA, AtApanA lene ke / kalpyAkalpya kA aura pratijJAbaddha Asana na karane kA, aneka upakaraNoM ke kalpyAkalpya kA, paraspara mUtra-upayoga ke kalpyAkalpya kA, parivAsita AhAra evaM auSadha ke kalpyAkalpya kA, parihArika bhikSu ke atikramaNa karane kA, pauSTika AhAra kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| // pAMcavAM uddezaka samApta // 46-48
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka akalpya vacanaprayoga kA niSedha 1. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA imAI cha avayaNAI vaittae, taM jahA 1. aliyavayaNe, 2. holiyavayaNe, 3. khisiyavayaNe, 4. pharusavayaNe, 5. gAratthiyavayaNe, 6. vinosaviyaM vA puNo udorittae / 1. nirgranthoM nirgranthiyoM ko ye chaha niSiddha vacana bolanA nahIM kalpatA hai, yathA 1. alIkavacana, 2. hIlitavacana, 3. khisitavacana, 4. paruSavacana, 5. gArhasthyavacana, 6. kalahakAraka vacana kA punarkathana / / vivecana-1. alIkavacana-asatya yA mithyA bhASaNa 'alIkavacana' hai| 2. holitavacana-dUsare kI avahelanA karane vAlA vacana 'hIlitavacana' hai| 3. khisitavacana-roSapUrNa kahe jAne vAle yA roSa utpanna karane vAle vacana khisitavacana' haiN| 4. paruSavacana-karkaza, rUkSa, kaThora vacana 'paruSavacana' haiN| 5. gArhasthyavacana-gRhastha-avasthA ke sambandhiyoM ko pitA, putra, mAmA Adi nAmoM se pukAranA 'gArhasthyavacana' haiN| 6. kalahaudIraNAvacana-kSamAyAcanAdi ke dvArA kalaha ke upazAnta ho jAne ke bAda bhI kalahakAraka vacana kahanA 'vyupazamita-kalaha-udIraNa vacana' hai| sAdhu aura sAdhviyoM ko aise chahoM prakAra ke vacana nahIM bolane caahie| asatya AkSepakartA ko usI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna 2. kappassa cha patyArA paNNattA, taM jahA 1. pANAivAyarasa vAyaM vayamANe, 2. musAvAyassa vAyaM vayamANe, 3. pradinnAdANassa vAyaM vayamANe, 4. aviraivAyaM bayamANe, 5. apurisavAyaM vayamANe, 6. vAsavAyaM vymaanne| iccee kappassa cha patyAre pattharettA samma appaDipUremANe taTThANapatte siyaa| 2. kalpa-sAdhvAcAra ke chaha vizeSa prakAra ke prAyazcittasthAna kahe gaye haiM, yathA
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________________ 250] 1. prANAtipAta kA Aropa lagAye jAne para, 2. mRSAvAda kA Aropa lagAye jAne para, 3. adattAdAna kA Aropa lagAye jAne para, 4. brahmacaya bhaga karane kA Aropa lagAye jAne para, 5. napuMsaka hone kA Aropa lagAye jAne para, 6. dAsa hone kA Aropa lagAye jAne pr| saMyama ke ina vizeSa prAyazcittasthAnoM kA Aropa lagAkara use samyak pramANita nahIM karane vAlA sAdhu usI prAyazcittasthAna kA bhAgI hotA hai| vivecana -1. kalpa-nirgrantha kA AcAra, 2. prastAra-vizeSa prAyazcittasthAna, 3. prastaraNa--prAyazcittasthAna-sevana kA AkSepa lagAnA / sUtra meM chaha prastAra kahe gae haiM--- prathama prastAra-yadi koI nirgrantha kisI eka nigrantha ke sambandha meM prAcAryAdi ke sammukha / upasthita hokara kahe ki "amuka nirgrantha ne amuka trasa jIva kA hanana kiyA hai|" prAcAryAdi usakA kathana sunakara abhiyoga (prAropa) se sambandhita nirgrantha ko bulAve aura usase pUche ki "kyA tumane trasa jIva kI ghAta kI hai ?" yadi vaha kahe ki "maiMne kisI jIva kI ghAta nahIM kI hai|" aisI dazA meM abhiyoga lagAne vAle nirgrantha ko apanA kathana pramANita karane ke lie kahanA caahie| yadi abhiyoktA Aropa ko pramANita kara de to jisa para jIvaghAta kA Aropa lagAyA hai, vaha doSAnurUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| yadi abhiyoktA abhiyoga pramANita na kara sake to vaha prANAtipAta kiye jAne para die jAne vAle prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| isI prakAra dvitIya prastAra mRSAvAda, tRtIya prastAra adattAdAna aura caturtha prastAra avirativAda-brahmacaryabhaMga ke abhiyoga ke sambandha meM samajha lenA cAhie / dIkSA dene vAle prAcAryAdi ke sAmane kisI nigrantha ke napuMsaka hone kA abhiyoga lagAnA paMcama prastAra 'apuruSavAda' hai| kisI nirgrantha ke sambandha meM "yaha dAsa thA yA dAsIputra thA", isa prakAra kA abhiyoga lagAnA SaSTha prastAra "dAsavAda" hai / abhiyoktA aura doSa-sevI yadi eka dUsare para Aropa-pratyAropa lagAveM yA unameM vAdaprativAda bana jAe to prAyazcitta kI mAtrA bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| arthAt sUtrokta caturlaghu kA caturguru prAyazcitta ho jAtA hai| yadi abhiyoga carama sImA taka ho jAtA hai to prAyazcitta bhI carama sImA kA hI diyA jAtA hai / arthAt sadoSa nirgrantha ko antima prAyazcitta pArAJcika vahana karanA par3atA hai| vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie bhASya dekhanA cAhie /
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [251 sAdhu-sAdhvI ke paraspara kaNTaka Adi nikAlane kA vidhAna 3. niggaMthassa ya ahe pAyaMsi khANU vA, kaMTae vA, hIrae vA, sakkare vA pariyAvajjejjA, taM ca niggaMthe no saMcAei nIharittae vA, visohettae vA, taM niggaMthI nIharamANI vA visohemANI vA naaikkm| 4. niggaMthassa ya acchisi pANe vA, bIye vA, rae vA pariyAvajjejjA, taM ca niggathe no saMcAei nIharittae vA visohettae vA, taM niggathI noharamANI vA visohemANI vA nAikkamai / 5. niggaMthIe ya ahe pAyaMsi khANU vA, kaMTae vA, horae vA, sakkare vA pariyAvajjejjA, taM ca niggaMthI no saMcAei nIharittae vA visohettae vA, taM nigaMthe noharamANe vA visohemANe vA naaikkmi| 6. niggaMthIe ya acchisi pANe vA, boye vA, rae vA pariyAvajjejjA, taM ca niggaMthI no saMcAiei noharittae vA visohettae vA, taM niggathe noharamANe vA visohemANe vA naaikkmi| 3. nirgrantha ke paira ke taluve meM tIkSNa zuSka ThuTha, kaMTaka, kAMca yA tIkSNa pASANa-khaNDa laga jAve aura use vaha (yA anya koI nirgrantha) nikAlane meM yA usake aMza kA zodhana karane meM samarthana ho, (usa samaya) yadi nirgranthI nikAle yA zodhe to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatI hai| 4. nirgrantha kI A~kha meM macchara Adi sUkSma prANI, bIja yA raja gira jAve aura use vaha (yA anya koI nirgrantha) nikAlane meM yA usake sUkSma aMza kA zodhana karane meM samartha na ho, (usa samaya) yadi nirgranthI nikAle yA zodhe to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatI hai| 5. nirgranthI ke paira ke taluve meM tIkSNa zuSkaLUTha, kaMTaka, kAMca yA pASANa khaNDa laga jAve aura use vaha (yA anya nirgranthI) nikAlane meM yA unake sUkSma aMza kA zodhana karane meM samartha na ho, (usa samaya) yadi nirgrantha nikAle yA zodhe to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 6. nirgranthI kI A~kha meM (macchara Adi sUkSma) prANI, bIja yA raja gira jAve aura use vaha (yA anya koI nirgranthI) nikAlane meM yA usake sUkSma aMza kA zodhana karane meM samartha na ho, (usa samaya) yadi nirgrantha nikAle yA zodhe to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| vivecana-nirgrantha nirgranthI ke zarIra kA aura nirgranthI nirgrantha ke zarIra kA sparza na kare, yaha utsargamArga hai| kintu paira meM kaMTaka Adi laga jAne para evaM aA~kha meM raja Adi gira jAne para anya kisI ke dvArA nahIM nikAle jA sakane para kaNTakAdi nikAlane meM kuzala nirgrantha yA nirgranthI apavAdamArga meM eka dUsare ke kaNTakAdi nikAla sakate haiN| aisI sthiti meM eka dUsare ke zarIra kA sparza hone para bhI ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiM kintu aise samaya meM bhI kSetra aura kAla kA tathA vastrAdi kA viveka rakhanA atyanta Avazyaka hotA hai evaM yogya sAkSI kA honA bhI Avazyaka hai|
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________________ 252] [hatkalpasUtra sAdhu dvArA sAdhvI ko avalambana dene kA vidhAna 7. niggathe niggItha duggaMsi vA, visamaMsi vA, padhvayaMsi vA pakkhalamANi vA pavaTamANi vA geNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 8. niggaMthe nigya seyaMsi vA, paMkasi vA, paNagaMsi vA udayaMsi vA, prokasamANi vA ovajmamANi vA geNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 9. niggathe nigathi nAvaM prArohamANi vA, orohamANi vA geNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA naaikkmi| 10. khittacittaM niggathi niggathe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 11. dittacittaM niggathi niggathe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 12. jakkhAiTTha niggathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 13. ummAyapattaM nigathi niggathe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 14. uvasAMgapattaM niggathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 15. sAhigaraNaM nigathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 16. sapAyacchittaM niggathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 17. bhattapANapaDiyAikkhiyaM niggathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 18. aTThajAyaM niggathi niggaMthe giNhamANe vA avalambamANe vA nAikkamai / 7. durgama--(hiMsaka jAnavaroM se vyApta) sthAna, viSama sthAna yA parvata se phisalatI huI yA giratI huI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA sahArA de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| ___8. dala-dala, paMka, panaka yA jala meM giratI huI yA DUbatI huI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA sahArA de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 9. naukA para car3hatI huI yA naukA se utaratI huI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA sahArA de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 10. vikSiptacitta vAlI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai|
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [253 11. diptacitta vAlI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 12. yakSAviSTa nimranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 13. unmAda-prApta nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 14. upasarga-prApta nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 15. sAdhikaraNa nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 16. saprAyazcitta nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 17. bhakta-pAnapratyAkhyAta nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| 18. artha-jAta nirgranthI ko nirgrantha grahaNa kare yA avalambana de to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| vivecana-nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM kA utsargamArga to yahI hai ki ve kabhI bhI eka dUsare kA sparza na kreN| yadi karate haiM to ve jinAjJA kA ullaMghana karate haiN| kintu ukta sUtroM meM kahI gaI paristhitiyoM meM nirgrantha nirgranthiyAM eka dUsare ke sahAyaka bana kara sevA-zuzrUSA kareM to jinAjJA kA atikramaNa nahIM karate haiM 1. kSiptacitta-zoka yA bhaya se bhramitacitta / 2. diptacitta harSAtireka se bhramitacitta / 3. yakSAviSTa-bhUta-preta Adi se pIr3ita / 4. unmAdaprApta-mohodaya se pAgala / 5. upasargaprApta-deva, manuSya yA tithaMca Adi se trasta / 6. sAdhikaraNa-tIvra kaSAya-kalaha se prazAMta / 7. saprAyazcitta kaThora prAyazcitta se calacitta / 8. bhakta-pAnapratyAkhyAta--AjIvana anazana se klAMta / 9. arthajAta-ziSya yA pada kI prApti kI icchA se vyAkula / unmatta, pizAcagrasta, upasarga-pIr3ita, bhayagrasta nirgrantha-nirgranthiyAM eka dUsare ko sambhAleM, kalaha, visaMvAda meM saMlagna ko hAtha pakar3a kara rokeN|
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________________ [bRhatkalpasUtra bhakta-pratyAkhyAna karake samAdhimaraNa karane vAlI nirgranthI kI anya paricArikA sAdhvI ke abhAva meM sabhI prakAra kI paricaryA kI vyavasthA kreN| / yadyapi aneka sAdhviyAM sAtha meM rahatI haiM phira bhI kucha vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM sAdhviyoM se na sambhala sakane ke kAraNa sAdhu ko sambhAlanA yA sahayoga denA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai / sUtra meM kevala giratI huI nirgranthI ko nirgrantha dvArA sahArA dene Adi kA kathana hai| kintu kabhI vizeSa paristhiti meM girate hue sAdhu ko sAdhvI bhI sahArA Adi de sakatI hai, yaha bhI upalakSaNa se samajha lenA caahie| saMyamanAzaka chaha sthAna 19. kappassa cha palimaMthU paNNatA, taM jahA 1. kokkuie saMjamassa palima), 2. moharie saccavayaNassa palimaMthU , 3. cakkhulolue iriyAvahiyAe palimaMthU , 4. titiNie esaNAgoyarassa palima), 5. icchAlolue muttimaggassa palimaMthU, 6. bhijjAniyANakaraNe mokkhamaggassa palimaMthU, samvattha bhagavayA aniyANayA pasatthA / 19. kalpa--sAdhvAcAra ke chaha sarvathA ghAtaka kahe gaye haiM, yathA-- 1. dekhe binA yA pramArjana kie binA kAyika pravRtti karanA, saMyama kA ghAtaka hai| 2. vAcAlatA, satya vacana kA ghAtaka hai| 3. idhara-udhara dekhate hue gamana karanA, IryAsamiti kA ghAtaka hai| 4. AhArAdi ke alAbha se khinna hokara cir3hanA, eSaNAsamiti kA ghAtaka hai| 5. upakaraNa Adi kA prati lobha, aparigraha kA ghAtaka hai / 6. lobhavaza arthAt laukika sukhoM kI kAmanA se nidAna (tapa ke phala kI kAmanA) karanA, mokSamArga kA ghAtaka hai| kyoMki bhagavAn ne sarvatra anidAnatA-nispRhatA prazasta kahI hai| vivecana yadyapi saMyama-guNoM kA nAza karane vAlI aneka pravRttiyAM hotI haiM tathApi prastuta sUtra meM mukhya chaha saMyamanAzaka doSoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / "palimaMthu" zabda kA artha hai--saMyamaguNoM kA aneka prakAra se sarvathA nAza karane vaalaa| 1. kautkucya-jo yatra-tatra binA dekhe baiThatA hai, zarIra ko yA hAtha pAMva mastaka Adi aMgopAMgoM ko binA dekhe yA binA viveka ke idhara-udhara rakhatA hai, vaha 17 prakAra ke saMyama kA nAza karane vAlA hotA hai| .
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [255 2. maukharya-atyadhika bolanA vANI kA doSa hai, jyAdA bolane vAlA vinaya Adi guNoM kI upekSA karatA hai, aprIti kA bhAjana banatA hai, jyAdA bolane vAlA vicAra karake nahIM bolatA hai / ataH vaha asatya evaM anAvazyaka bolatA hai / isa prakAra pratibhASI satyamahAvrata ko dUSita karatA hai| AgamoM meM sAdhuoM ko aneka jagaha alpabhASI kahA hai / zrAvaka ke ATha guNoM meM bhI alpabhASI honA eka guNa kahA gayA hai| 3. cakSurlolya-idhara-udhara dekhane vAlA IryAsamiti kA pAlana nahIM kara sakatA hai, usakI IryAsamiti bhaMga hotI hai| calate hue idhara-udhara dekhane kI pravRtti sAdhu ke liye ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki yazodhana na kara sakane ke kAraNa trasa-sthAvara prANiyoM kI hiMsA honA sambhava hai| cakSa-indriya kA saMyama prathama mahAvrata meM jIvarakSA ke lie hai, caturtha mahAvata meM cakSa-indriya kA saMyama strI Adi kA nirIkSaNa na karane ke lie hai| pAMcaveM mahAvrata kI dUsarI bhAvanA hI cakSaindriya kA saMyama rakhanA hai| 4. titinaka-manojJa AhArAdi prApta na hone para jo khinna hokara bar3abar3a karatA rahatA hai evaM icchita AhAra kI prApti meM eSaNA ke doSoM kI upekSA bhI karatA hai / isa prakAra vaha tinatinATa karane ke svabhAva se eSaNAsamiti ko bhaMga karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| 5. icchAlolupa-sarasa AhAra kI, vastra-pAtrAdi upakaraNoM kI tathA ziSya Adi kI atyanta abhilASA rakhane vAlA bhikSu aparigrahapradhAna muktimArga kA anusaraNa nahIM karatA hai| kyoMki muktimArga rUpa saMyama meM icchAoM evaM mamatva kA kama honA hI pramukha lakSaNa hai| isakA nAza karane vAlA icchAlolupa sAdhaka muktimArga kA nAza karane vAlA kahA gayA hai / 6. bhidhyA nidAnakaraNa-lobhavaza yA prAsaktivaza manuSya deva sambandhI yA anya kisI bhI prakAra kA nidAna (dharmAcaraNa ke phalasvarUpa laukika sukhoM kI prApti kA saMkalpa) karane vAlA bhikSa ina nidAna-saMkalpoM se dUsare bhavoM meM bhI mokSa prApta na karake narakagati Adi meM paribhramaNa karatA rahatA hai / isa prakAra yaha nidAnakaraNa mokSaprApti kA viccheda karane vAlA hai| kisI prakAra kA lobha yA Asakti na rakhate hue kevala jJAnAdi guNoM kI ArAdhanA ke lie yA muktiprApti ke lie paramAtmA se yAcanA-prArthanA karanA prazasta bhAva hai evaM anidAna hai| yathA-1. titthayarA me psiiyNtu| 2. AruggabohilAbha, samAhivaramuttamaM ditu / 3. siddhA siddhi mama visNtu| -~Ava. a. 2, gA. 5-6-7 isa prakAra kI prArthanA meM lobha nahIM hai, isalie yaha yAcanA mokSasAdhaka hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| aisA TIkAkAra ne "bhijjA" zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue spaSTa kiyA hai| vaha TIkA isa prakAra hai "bhijja" ti lobhastena yad nidAnakaraNaM / bhijjA grahaNena yadalobhasya bhavanirvedamArgAnusAritAdiprArthanaM tanna mokSamArgasya parimantharityAveditaM prtipttvym| -bRhatkalpabhASya bhAga 6 kaI pratiyoM meM bhrama se "bhijjA" ke sthAna "bhujjo" Adi pATha bhI bana gaye haiM, jo ki TIkAkAra ke bAda meM bane haiN|
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________________ 256] [bRhatkalpasUtra chaha prakAra kI kalpasthiti 20. chamvihA kappaTTiI paNNattA, taM jahA 1. sAmAiya-saMjaya-kappaTTiI, 2. chenovaTThAvaNiya-saMjaya-kappaTTiI, 3. nivisamANa-kappaTTiI, 4. nisviTukAiya-kappaTTiI, 5. jiNakappaTTiI, 6. therkppttttiii| kalpa kI sthiti--AcAra kI maryAdAeM chaha prakAra kI kahI gaI haiM / yathA 1. sAmAyikacAritra kI maryAdAeM, 2. chedopasthApanIyacAritra kI maryAdAeM, 3. parihAravizuddhicAritra meM tapa vahana karane vAle kI maryAdAeM, 4. parihAravizuddhicAritra meM gurukalpa va anuparihArika bhikSuSoM kI maryAdAeM, 5. gacchanirgata viziSTa tapasvI jIvana bitAne vAle jinakalpI bhikSuoM kI maryAdAeM, 6. sthavirakalpI arthAt gacchavAsI bhikSuoM kI mryaadaaeN| vivecana-yahAM "kalpa" kA artha saMyata kA prAcAra hai| usameM avasthita rahanA kalpasthiti kahA jAtA hai| nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM kI samAcArI (maryAdA) ko bhI kalpasthiti kahA jAtA hai| vaha chaha prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| yathA 1. sAmAyikasayata-kalpasthiti-samabhAva meM rahanA aura sabhI sAvadha pravRttiyoM kA parityAga karanA, yaha sAmAyikasaMyata-kalpasthiti hai| yaha do prakAra kI hotI hai 1. itvarakAlika-jaba taka paMca mahAvratoM kA AropaNa na kiyA jAe taba taka itvarakAlika sAmAyika-kalpasthiti hai| 2. yAvajjIvika-jIvanaparyanta rahane vAlI sAmAyika yAvajjIvika sAmAyikakalpasthiti hai| jisameM punaH mahAvatAropaNa na kiyA jAya, yaha madhyama tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsanakAla meM hotI hai / 2. chedopasthApanIya-saMyata-kalpasthiti bar3I dIkSA denA yA punaH mahAvratAropaNa krnaa| yaha kalpasthiti do prakAra kI hotI hai-- 1. niraticAra-itvarasAmAyika vAle zaikSakoM ko athavA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke ziSyoM ko paMca mahAvratoM kI prAropaNA karAnA niraticAra chedopasthApanIya-saMyata-kalpasthiti hai|
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________________ TThA uddezaka [257 2. sAticAra-paMca mahAvrata svIkAra karane ke bAda jo nirgrantha yA nirgranthI jAnabUjhakara kisI eka mahAvrata ko yAvat pAMcoM mahAvratoM ko bhaMga kare to usakI pUrva dIkSAparyAya kA chedana kara punaH mahAvratAropaNa karAnA sAticAra-chedopasthApanIya-saMyata-kalpasthiti hai| 3. nivizamAna-kalpasthiti -parihAravizuddhi saMyama meM tapa kI sAdhanA karane vAle sAdhuoM kI samAcArI ko nirvizamAna-kalpasthiti kahate haiN| ___4. niviSTakAyika-kalpasthiti-jo sAdhu saMyama kI vizuddhi rUpa tapa-sAdhanA kara cuke haiM, unakI samAcArI ko nirviSTakAyika-kalpasthiti kahate haiN| 5. jinakalpasthiti- gaccha se nikalakara ekAkI vicarane vAle pANipAtra-bhojI gItArtha sAdhuoM kI samAcArI ko jinakalpasthiti kahate haiN| 6. sthavirakalpasthiti-gaccha ke bhItara prAcAryAdi kI AjJA meM rahane vAle sAdhuoM kI samAcArI ko sthavirakalpasthiti kahate haiN| isa prakAra tIrthaMkaroM ne sAdhuoM kI kalpasthiti chaha prakAra kI kahI hai / cha? uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1 sAdhu-sAdhvI ko chaha prakAra ke akalpanIya vacana nahIM bolanA caahiye| kisI bhI sAdhu para asatya Aropa nahIM lgaanaa| kyoMki pramANAbhAva meM svayaM ko prAyazcitta kA pAtra honA par3atA hai| paristhitivaza sAdhu-sAdhvI eka dUsare ke paira meM se kaMTaka Adi nikAla sakate haiM aura prAMkha meM par3I raja Adi bhI nikAla sakate haiM / 7-18 sUtrokta vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ko sahArA de sakatA hai evaM paricaryA kara sakatA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI saMyamanAzaka chaha doSoM ko jAnakara unakA parityAga kre| saMyamapAlana karane vAloM kI bhinna-bhinna sAdhanA kI apekSA se chaha prakAra kI AcAramaryAdA hotI hai| upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meM akalpya vacana bolane ke niSedha kA, AkSepa vacana pramANita nahIM karane ke prAyazcitta kA, _3-18 apavAdamArga meM sAdhu-sAdhvI ke paraspara sevA kartavyoM kA, sUtra 1
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________________ 255 [bRhaskalpasUtra sUtra 19 saMyamanAzaka doSoM kA, . chaha prakAra kI kalpa maryAdAoM kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / ||chtttthaa uddezaka samApta // sUtra saMkhyA ko tAlikA uddezaka sUtra 30 ** NewM our.. 217 // bRhatkalpasUtra samApta //
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________________ zrI bhAgamaprakAzana-samiti, byAvara arthasahayogI sadasyoM kI zubha nAmAvalI mahAstambha saMrakSaka 1. zrI seTha mohanamalajI corar3iyA , madrAsa 1. zrI biradIcaMdajI prakAzacaMdajI talesarA, pAlI 2. zrI gulAbacandajI mAMgIlAlajI surANA, 2. zrI jJAnarAjajI kevalacandajI mUthA, pAlI sikandarAbAda 3. zrI premarAjajI jatanarAjajI mehatA, mer3atA siTI 3. zrI pukharAjajI zizodiyA, byAvara 4. zrI za0 jaDAvamalajI mANakacandajI betAlA, 4. zrI sAyaramalajI jeThamalajI coraDiyA, baiMgalora bAgalakoTa 5. zrI premarAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI zrIzrImAla, durga 5. zrI hIrAlAlajI pannAlAlajI caupar3A, byAvara 6. zrI esa. kizanacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 6. zrI mohanalAlajI nemIcandajI lalavANI, 7. zrI kaMvaralAlajI baitAlA, gohATI cAMgATolA 8. zrI seTha khIMvarAjajI coraDiyA madrAsa 7. zrI dIpacaMdajI candanamalajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 9. zrI gumAnamalajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 8. zrI pannAlAlajI bhAgacandajI botharA, cAMgA10. zrI esa. bAdalacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa TIlA 11. zrI je. dulIcandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 9. zrImatI sirekuvara bAI dharmapatnI sva. zrI sugana12. zrI esa. ratanacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa candajI jhAmar3a, madurAntakam 13. zrI je. annarAjajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 10. zrI bastImalajI mohanalAlajI boharA 14. zrI esa. sAyaracandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa (K. G. F.) jAr3ana / 15. zrI Ara. zAntilAlajI uttamacandajI 11. zrI thAnacandajI mehatA, jodhapura coraDiyA, madrAsa 12. zrI bhairudAnajI lAbhacandajI surANA, nAgaura 16. zrI siremalajI hIrAcandajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 13. zrI khUbacandajI gAdiyA, byAvara 17. zrI je. hukmIcandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 14. zrI mizrIlAlajI dhanarAjajI vinAyakiyA stambha sadasya byAvara 1. zrI agaracandajI phatecandajI pArakha, jodhapara 15. zrI indracandajI baida, rAjanAMdagAMva 2. zrI jasarAjajI gaNezamalajI saMcetI, jodhapura 16. zrI rAvatamalajI bhIkamacandajI pagAriyA, 3. zrI tilokacaMdajI, sAgaramalajI saMcetI, madrAsa bAlAghATa 4. zrI pUsAlAlajI kistUracaMdajI surANA, kaTaMgI 17. zrI gaNezamalajI dharmIcandajI kAMkariyA, TaMgalA 5. zrI Ara. prasannacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 18. zrI suganacandajI bokar3iyA, indaura 6. zrI dIpacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 19. zrI harakacandajI sAgaramalajI betAlA, indaura 7. zrI mUlacandajI coraDiyA, kaTaMgI 20. zrI raghunAthamalajI likhamIcandajI lor3hA, 8. zrI varddhamAna iNDasTrIja, kAnapura ___ cAMgATolA 9. zrI mAMgIlAlajI mizrIlAlajI saMcetI, durga 21. zrI siddhakaraNajI zikharacandajI baida, cAMgATolA
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________________ [sadasya-nAmAvalI 22. zrI sAgaramalajI noratamalajI pIMcA, madrAsa 8. zrI phUlacandajI gautamacandajI kAMTheDa, pAlI 23. zrI mohanarAjajI mukanacandajI bAliyA, 9. zrI ke. pukharAjajI bAphaNA, madrAsa ahamadAbAda 10. zrI rUparAjajI jodharAjajI mUthA, dillI 24. zrI kezarImalajI jaMvarIlAlajI talesarA, pAlI 11. zrI mohanalAlajI maMgalacaMdajI pagAriyA, rAyapura 25. zrI ratanacandajI uttamacandajI modI, byAvara 12. zrI nathamalajI mohanalAlajI lUNiyA, caNDAvala 26. zrI dharmIcandajI bhAgacandajI boharA, jhaThA 13. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI gautamacandajI pagAriyA, 27. zrI chogamalajI hemarAjajI lor3hA DoMDIlohArA kuzAlapurA 28. zrI guNacaMdajI dalIcaMdajI kaTAriyA, bellArI 14. zrI uttamacaMdajI mAMgIlAlajI, jodhapura 29. zrI mUlacandajI sujAnamalajI saMcetI, jodhapUra 15. zrI mUlacandajI pArakha, jodhapura 30. zrI sI0 amaracandajI botharA, madrAsa 16. zrI sumeramalajI mer3atiyA, jodhapUra 31. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mUlacaMdajI surANA, madrAsa 17. zrI gaNezamalajI nemIcandajI TAMTiyA, jodhapura 32. zrI bAdalacaMdajI jugarAjajI mehatA, indaura 18. zrI udayarAjajI pukharAjajI saMcetI, jodhapura 33. zrI lAlacaMdajI mohanalAlajI koThArI, goThana 19. zrI bAdaramalajI pukharAjajI baMTa, kAnapura 34. zrI hIrAlAlajI pannAlAlajI caupar3A, ajamera 20. zrImatI sundarabAI goThI w/o zrI tArAcaMdajI 35. zrI mohanalAlajI pArasamalajI pagAriyA, goThI, jodhapura baiMgalora 21. zrI rAyacandajI mohanalAlajI, jodhapura 36. zrI bhaMvarImalajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 22. zrI dhevaracandajI rUparAjajI, jodhapura 37. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI goThI, madrAsa 23. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mANakacaMdajI surANA, madrAsa / 38. zrI jAlamacaMdajI rikhabacaMdajI bAphanA. aAgarA 24. zrI javarIlAlajI amaracandajI koThArI. byAvara 39. zrI ghevaracaMdajI pukharAjajI bhuraTa, gohATI 25. zrA mANakaca 25. zrI mANakacandajI kizanalAlajI, mer3atAsiTI 40. zrI jabaracandajI gelar3A, madrAsa 26. zrI mohanalAlajI gulAbacandajI catara, byAvara 41. zrI jar3AvamalajI suganacandajI, madrAsa 27. zrI jasarAjajI jaMvarIlAlajI dhArIvAla, jodhapura 28. zrI mohanalAlajI campAlAlajI goThI, jodhapura 42. zrI pukharAjajI vijayarAjajI, madrAsa 43. zrI cenamalajI surANA TrasTa, madrAsa 29. zrI nemIcaMdajI DAkaliyA mehatA, jodhapura 44. zrI laNakaraNajI rikhabacaMdajI lor3hA, madrAsa / 30. zrI tArAcaMdajI kevalacaMdajI karNAvaTa, jodhapura 45. zrI sUrajamalajI sajjanarAjajI mahetA, koppala 21 - 31. zrI prAsUmala eNDa ke0, jodhapura 32. zrI pukharAjajI loDhA, jodhapura __ sahayogI sadasya 33. zrImatI suganIbAI W/o zrI mizrIlAlajI 1. zrI devakaraNajI zrIcandajI DosA, mer3atAsiTI sAMDa, jodhapura 2. zrImatI chaganIbAI vinAyakiyA, byAvara 34. zrI baccharAjI surANA, jodhapura 3. zrI pUnamacandajI nAhaTA, jodhapura 35. zrI harakacandajI mehatA, jodhapura 4. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI vijayarAjajI kAMkariyA, 36. zrI devarAjajI lAbhacaMdajI mer3atiyA, jodhapura villIpuram 37. zrI kanakarAjajI madanarAjajI goliyA, 5. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI caupar3A, byAvara jodhapura 6. zrI vijayarAjajI ratanalAlajI catara, byAvara 38. zrI ghevaracandajI pArasamalajI TAMTiyA, jodhapura 7. zrI bI. gajarAjajI bokaDiyA, selama 39. zrI mAMgIlAlajI corA
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________________ sadasya-nAmAvalI 40. zrI saradAramalajI surANA, bhilAI 69. zrI hIrAlAlajI hastImalajI dezalaharA, bhilAI 41. zrI prokacaMdajI hemarAjajI sonI, durga 70. zrI varddhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvakasaMgha, 42. zrI sUrajakaraNajI surANA, madrAsa __ dallI-rAjaharA 43. zrI ghIsUlAlajI lAlacaMdajI pArakha, durga 71. zrI campAlAlajI buddharAjajI bAphaNA, byAvara 44. zrI pukharAjajI boharA, (jaina TrAnsaporTa kaM.) 72. zrI gaMgArAmajI indracaMdajI boharA, kucerA jodhapura 73. zrI phateharAjajI nemIcaMdajI karNAvaTa, kalakattA 45. zrI campAlAlajI sakalecA, jAlanA 74. zrI bAlacaMdajI thAnacandajI bharaTa, 46. zrI premarAjajI mIThAlAlajI kAmadAra, kalakattA baiMgalora 75. zrI sampatarAjajI kaTAriyA, jodhapura 47. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mUthA eNDa sansa, jayapura 76. zrI jaMvarIlAlajI zAMtilAlajI surANA, 48. zrI lAlacaMdajI motIlAlajI gAdiyA, baiMgalora bolArama 49. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI navaratnamalajI sAMkhalA, 77. zrI kAnamalajI koThArI, dAdiyA meTTapAliyama 78. zrI pannAlAlajI motIlAlajI surANA, pAlI 50. zrI pukharAjajI challANI, karaNagullI 79. zrI mANakacaMdajI ratanalAlajI muNota, TaMgalA 51. zrI AsakaraNajI jasarAjajI pArakha, durga 80. zrI cimmanasiMhajI mohanasiMhajI loDhA, byAvara 52. zrI gaNezamalajI hemarAjajI sonI, bhilAI 81. zrI riddhakaraNajI rAvatamalajI bhuraTa, gohATI 53. zrI amRtarAjajI jasavantarAjajI mehatA, 82. zrI pArasamalajI mahAvIracaMdajI bAphanA, goTha ___ mer3atAsiTI 83. zrI phakIracaMdajI kamalacaMdajI zrIzrImAla, 54. zrI ghevaracaMdajI kizoramalajI pArakha, jodhapura kucerA 55. zrI mAMgIlAlajI rekhacaMdajI pArakha, jodhapura 84. zrI mAMgIlAlajI madanalAlajI corar3iyA, bhairUMda 56. zrI munnIlAlajI mUlacaMdajI gulecchA, jodhapura 85. zrI sohanalAlajI lUNakaraNajI surANA, kucerA 57. zrI ratanalAlajI lakhapatarAjajI, jodhapura 86. zrI ghIsUlAlajI, pArasamalajI, jaMvarIlAlajI 58. zrI jIvarAjajI pArasamalajI koThArI, mer3atA koThArI, goThana siTI 87. zrI saradAramalajI eNDa kampanI, jodhapura 59. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI rikhabacaMdajI nAhaTA, nAgaura 88. zrI campAlAlajI hIrAlAlajI bAgarecA, 60. zrI mAMgIlAlajI prakAzacandajI rUNavAla, maisUra jodhapura 61. zrI pukharAjajI boharA, pIpaliyA kalAM 89. zrI dhukharAjajI kaTAriyA, jodhapura 62. zrI harakacaMdajI jugarAjajI bAphanA, baiMgalora 90. zrI indracandajI mukanacandajI, indaura 63. zrI candanamalajI premacaMdajo modI, bhilAI 91. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI bAphaNA, indaura 64. zrI bhIvarAjajI bAghamAra, kucerA 92. zrI jeThamalajI modI, indaura 65. zrI tilokacaMdajI premaprakAzajI, ajamera 93. zrI bAlacandajI amaracandajI modI, byAvara 66. zrI vijayalAlajI premacaMdajI mulecchA, 94. zrI kundanamalajI pArasamalajI bhaMDArI, baiMgalora rAjanAMdagA~va 65. zrImatI kamalAkaMvara lalavANI dharmapatnI zrI 67. zrI rAvatamalajI chAjer3a, bhilAI sva. pArasamalajI lalavANI, goThana 68. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI DUMgaramalajI kAMkariyA, 96. zrI akhecaMdajI laNakaraNajI bhaNDArI, kalakattA bhilAI 97. zrI suganacandajI saMcetI, rAjanAMdagAMva
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________________ [sadasya-nAmAvalI 98. zrI prakAzacaMdajI jaina, nAgaura 116. zrImatI rAmakuMvarabAI dharmapatnI zrI cAMdamalajo 99. zrI kuzAlacaMdajI rikhabacandajI surANA, loDhA, bambaI bolArama 117. zrI mAMgIlAlajI uttamacaMdajI bAphaNA, baiMgalora 100. zrI lakSmIcaMdajI azokakumArajI zrIzrImAla, 118. zrI sAMcAlAlajI bAphaNA, auraMgAbAda kucerA 119. zrI bhIkhamacandajI mANakacandajI khAbiyA, 101. zrI gUdaDamalajI campAlAlajI, goThana (kuDAlora) madrAsa 102. zrI tejarAjajI koThArI, mAMgaliyAvAsa 120. zrImatI anopakuMvara dharmapatnI zrI campAlAlajI 103. sampatarAjajI corar3iyA, madrAsa / saMghavI, kucerA 104. zrI amaracaMdajI chAjer3a, pAdu bar3I 121. zrI sohanalAlajI sojatiyA, thAMvalA 105. zrI jugarAjajI dhanarAjajI baramecA, madrAsa 122. zrI campAlAlajI bhaNDArI, kalakattA 106. zrI pukharAjajI nAharamalajI lalavANI, madrAsa 123. zrI bhIkhamacandajI gaNezamalajI caudharI, 107. zrImatI kaMcanadevI va nirmalAdevI. madrAsa 108. zrI dulerAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI koThArI, 124. zrI pukharAjajI kizanalAlajI tAter3a, kuzAlapurA sikandarAbAda 109. zrI bhaMvaralAla jI mAMgIlAlajI betAlA, Deha 125. zrI mizrIlAlajI sajjanalAlajI kaTAriyA 110. zrI jIvarAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI coraDiyA, sikandarAbAda bhairUdA 126. zrI vartamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMgha, 111. zrI mAMgIlAlajI zAMtilAlajI rUNavAla, bagar3Inagara harasolAva 127. zrI pukharAjajI pArasamalajI lalavANI, 112. zrI cAMdamalajI dhanarAjajI modI, ajamera bilAr3A 113. zrI rAmaprasanna jJAnaprasAra kendra, candrapura 128. zrI TI. pArasamalajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 114. zrI bhUramalajI dulIcaMdajo bokar3iyA, mer3atA 129. zrI motIlAlajI AsUlAlajI boharA siTI eNDa kaM., baiMgalora 115. zrI mohanalAlajI dhArIvAla, pAlI 130. zrI sampatarAjajI surANA, manamAr3a 00 dhaliyA
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________________ nAma AgamaprakAzana samiti, byAvara dvArA adyAvadhi prakAzita Agama-sA anuvAdaka-sampAdaka AcArAMgasUtra do bhAga zrIcanda surAnA 'sarasa' upAsakadazAMgasUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI (ema.e., pI-eca. DI.) jJAtAdharmakathAMgasUtra paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla antakRddazAMgasUtra sAdhvI divyaprabhA (ema.e., pI-eca.DI.) anuttarovavAiyasUtra sAdhvI muktiprabhA (ema.e., pI-eca.DI.) sthAnAMgasUtra paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI samavAyAMgasUtra paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI sUtrakRtAMgasUtra zrIcanda surAnA 'sarasa' vipAkasUtra anu. paM. rozanalAla zAstrI sampA. paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla nandIsUtra anu. sAdhvI umarAvakaMvara 'arcanA' sampA. kamalA jaina 'jIjI' ema. e. aupapAtikasUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra [cAra bhAga] zrI amaramuni rAjapraznIyasUtra vANIbhUSaNa ratanamuni, saM. devakumAra jaina prajJApanAsUtra [tIna bhAga] jainabhUSaNa jJAnamuni praznavyAkaraNasUtra anu. muni pravINaRSi sampA. paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla uttarAdhyayanasUtra zrI rAjendramuni zAstrI nirayAvalikAsUtra zrI devakumAra jaina dazavakAlikasUtra mahAsatI puSpavatI AvazyakasUtra mahAsatI suprabhA jambUdvIpaprajJaptisUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI anuyogadvArasUtra upAdhyAya zrI kevalamuni, saM. devakumAra jaina sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJaptisUtra sampA. muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' jIvAjIvAbhigamasUtra [pra. bhAga] zrI rAjendramuni jIvAjIvAbhigamasUtra dvi. bhA.] nizIthasUtra munizrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala', zrI tilokamuni trINichedasUtrANi vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye samparkasUtra zrI Agama prakAzana samiti zrI braja-madhukara smRti bhavana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara-305901 in Education International