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FEBRUARY, 1897.]
of State: others were young Brahmans from Northern India, 20 Amongst their accomplishments was the power of reciting extensive works from memory. Young princes, and the sons of rich noblemen had their own.
360
private tutors. 351 Education was not confined to the male sex; for princesses, and other girls received a literary training."
356
235
201
Illustrative of their superstitions, they employed charms,353 mantrams," 25 and sorceries; they interpreted dreams, and visions: they reverenced sacred footprints," sacred trees, and relics; 60-they believed in superhuman animals," and superhuman beings, Rakshasas and Rakshasis, ** Yakkhas" and Yakkhinis, 20 and Nâgas,207 able to assume different humans and animal forms, and to conjure up phantasmata 10 at will, and kings also of this serpent-race, such as the two Någa kings of Ceylon who were reconciled by Buddha," the king who entertained him of the banks of the Narmadâ,"" and the king of Mañjerika who had seen Buddha in the flesh and could call up visions of his bodily form." They had amongst them experts in the magieal arts, fortune-telling, divination, and prophecy,"" men gifted with various supernatural powers,75 and who could command several kinds of ecstatic reverie."70
278
374
975
270
248
250
EARLY ACCOUNT OF THE DAKHAN.
25 Si-yu-ki, II. 244.
257 Rom. Hist. Bud. 283.
268 Rom. Hist. Bud. 275.
250 Rom. Hist. Bud. 275, 276.
261 Rom. Hist. Bud. 68, 276.
253 Rock. 59: Lal. vist. 199, 215.
253 Uph. II. 28, 171, 173: Turn. 48: Man. Bud. 18: Si-yu-ki, II.243, 244, 246.
25 Turn. 56: Man. Bud. 209.
249 Rock. 44.
256 Si-yu-ki, II. 241, 245.
956 Uph. I. 7; II. 22; III. 113: Turn. 7: Man. Bud... 210, 211, 212: E. Monach. 227: Fa-Hian, 150: Sacr. Bks. XIX. 244. 259 Uph. II. 21, 171: Turn. 6.
280 As. Res. XX. 317: Jour. As. Soc. Beng. VI. 856; VII. 1014: Uph. I. 6, 7; II. 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 209; III. 92, 111, 127: Turn. 3, 4, 6, 7: Man. Bud. 208, 209: E. Monach. 224, 225: Bigandet, 344: Dath. 38 Rock. 147: Si-yu-ki, II. 248. See Bhilsa Topes, 30: Fa-Hian, 153. 201 Rom. Hist. Bud. 332, 336: ante, XIII. 37, 46: Siyu-ki, II. 242, 245.
203 Rom. Hist. Bud. II. 333. 263 Si-yu-ki, II. 244. 20 Rom. Hist. Bud. 333: ante, XIII. 36, 37, 47: Si-yu-ki, II. 240 to 245.
365 Turn. 2, 3, 49, 52: Man. Bud. 57, 207; 209: FáHian, 149; ante, XIII, 36, 45.
108 Turn. 48, 52: Man. Bud. 209: ante, XIII. 46, 47. 201 Uph. I. 6; II. 19, 22, 170: Turn. 4, 5, 27: Man. Bud. 208 to 211: Fa-Hian, 149, 150: ante, XIII. 36.
36 Uph. I. 61; III. 66: Turn. 49: Rom. Hist. Bud. 333: ante, XIII. 36: Si-yu-ki, II. 240.
see Uph. II. 172, 174: Turn. 48: Man. Bud. 56.
210 Turn. 27. 311 Turn. 4. 31 Uph. II. 22. 213 Uph. I. 60, 61; III. 128: Man. Bud. 172: E. Monach. 274.
31 Uph. II. 174, 175: Turn. 44, 49, 50: Rock.,.92: ante, XIII. 46..
359
388
288
201
Very little is found in these legends respecting the religion of the Dakhan at this time, outside of Buddha's own sphere. The dévas to whom Punna's friends cried aloud in their distress," 250 and the early gods of Ceylon, 21 may or may not have belonged to the pre-Buddhist cults. There were, however, in those days, Brahmans and Brahman fraternities, and a hieratical priesthood; we read also of the Rishis, as hermits, recluses, 37, and ascetics," and also the Purohitas," of the older faith; and possibly also of other heretics from the Buddhist point of view. Mention is made of the doctrine of punitive transmigration," common to the older creed and the new. There are also instances of Brahmanical monasteries, and hermitages, sand caves." The Buddhists themselves had their hermitages, with their adjacent sacred groves," and their vihdras, and houses for Buddha,*** their shrine-temples, which were sometimes of superb magnificence, with their daily public worship,300 their mutual confessións, 30 prayers, 80s fastings, 50s and vows, 30* their religious offerings, sos and their almsgiving. We meet with monks innumerable, religious mendicants, 305 both male and female, recluses," and male and female devotees.10
393
995
397
399
303
306
The internal organization of the king
307
55
Si-yu-ki, II. 210, 230. 30 Man. Bud. 884. Sacr. Bks. X. (pt. 2), 181. 298 Man. Bud. 200.
300 Dath. 38. 300 Dath. 38.
Si-yu-ki, II. 242, 248.
204
216 Turn. 56,
275 Turn. 44, 54, 55. 211 Uph. II. 27, 168, 167, 171, 172: Turn. 54, 56, 375 Uph. I. 5, 69; II. 16, 17, 21, 169; III. 92, 112, 126: Turn. 3, 5, 50: Man. Bud. 57, 207, 209, 260: Fa-Hian,. 150: Rom. Hist. Bud. 276, 839: ante, XIII. 46, 47: Si-yu-ki, II. 210, 227, 242, 243, 244, 246, 248, 255: Bacr. Bks. XIX. 244.
319 Rom. Hist. Bud. 276, 282.
sso Man. Bud. 57.
181 Uph. II. 19, 20, 21, 23, 27, 172..
263 Turn. 56: Man. Bud. 384, 385: Rom. Hist. Bud. 275: Rock. 44: Sacr. Bks. X. (pt. 2), 184: Si-yu-ki, II. 58. 383 Man. Bud. 834.
se Rom. Hist. Bud. 275: Rock. 44: 8i-yu-ki, II. 248. 365 Man. Bud. 50, 362, 363: Rom. Hist. Bud. 39, 275. ss0 Uph. II. 21, 22, 171. 257 Man. Bud, 388. 25 Turn. 47: Man. Bud. 58: Rom. Hist. Bud. 282. 360 Man. Bud. 54, 338. 200 Rom. Hist. Bud. 39: 291 Man. Bud. 55. 203 Man. Bud. 260, 334: 394 Rom. Hist. Bud. 276. 200 Man. Bud. 260.
297 Uph. II. 21: Jour. Bo. Br. As. Soc. XV. 275, 291, 326, 328.
sús Man. Bud. 57. 301 Rom. Hist. Bud. 832. 30s Rom. Hist. Bud. 882: 303 Si-yu-ki, II. 248.
308 Uph. II. 29, 21, 23, 70: Turn. 5: Mun. Bud. 209: Dath. 38: Rock. 60.
308 Tib. Gram. 164: Man. Bud. 334: Sacr. Bks. X. (pt. 2), 184: Si-yu-ki, II. 237.
301 Uph. II. 21: Man. Bud:: 56, 209, 212, 260, 335.
308 Man: Bud. 260. 509 Man. Bud. 255, 334, 335... 310 Uph. II. 177: Turn. 47, 48, 54, 55...
395
800
504 Rom. Hist. Bud. 338.
