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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[AUGUST, 1887
NOTES ON THE MAHABHASHYA.
BY PROF. F. KIELHORN, C.L.E.; GÖTTINGEN. 7.-SOME DEVICES OF INDIAN GRAMMARIANS. Samprasdraņa shall be substituted for a certain
In the present note I intend to enumerate, suffix, he shows that the word E t must and to illustrate by a few simple examples, also be equivalent to the phrase T: ', , some of the devices—other than regular Pari- etc., take the place of y, y, etc. (Vol. I. bbâshâs-which the commentators on Påņini p. 111). On P. III. 2, 16, it may be doubtful are in the habit of resorting to in the course whether we should supply only foot from of their discussions. The general aim of these the preceding rule, or also for from P. III. devices is, to secure the right interpretation 2,1; in other words, whether a word like and proper application of PÅpini's rules; to re- 1640, which is formed by the rule, means fute objections that might be raised to them; only f or means also f. Our to extend the sphere of the rules of the Ashtá- doubt is solved by Paņini himself; by giving dhyay so as to make them apply where at in III. 2, 17 a special rule for Fru , first sight they would seem to be inapplicable, Påņini clearly intimates that in III. 2, 16 we and to render additional rules unnecessary; are not to supply for. Accordingly, and sometimes also to shorten or simplify I can only mean t , not pur (Vol. those rules. In the Vårttikas of Katyayana II. p. 101). their number is comparatively small; it is The idea, which underlies the notion of greatly increasing already in the work of jñápaka, is a perfectly sound one. We must, Patañjali; and, to a certain extent, one may in the first instance, allow Paņini himself to perhaps venture to say that, the later an author, explain his own work. But as Panini does not the greater is the number and the more artificial speak out openly, there is the danger lest the nature of the devices with which he we should make him suggest more than h operates.
really meant to say. And this danger is greatly In accordance with the plan of these notes, increased when the Ashtadhyáyi is regarded I shall confine my remarks generally to the as an absolutely perfect work, in which works of Katyâyana and Patanjali; but I shall every seemingly irregular or unaccountable try to indicate by one or two examples, how the proceeding must have been intentionally repractice of those older writers has been more sorted to for the purpose of indirectly instructfully developed in the Kásikd-Vpitti.
ing the student. In IV. 2, 42, Påņini teaches 1. Jnepakal; acharyapravrittir jñápayati; that the suffix is added to certain bases jñápayaty acharyaḥ.-In addition to what he enumerated in the rule. Patañjali here raises teaches directly, Påņini teaches many things the question: Why this new suffix? Why is indirectly. Regarding the interpretation of not the suffix Tl, which in every respect P. I. 1, 45 rur: BETTE, there arises the would serve the same purpose as te, valid question,-Is Samprasarana & name for the from IV. 2, 40 P' And his answer is, that vowels i, u, etc., substituted for y, v, etc., or is Pånini has purposely employed a new sufix, in it equivalent to the phrase ', W, etc. take the order to suggest that this new suffix shall be place of y, v, etc.'? Påņini indirectly teaches added to other bases besides those actually (indpayati), that Samprasarana has both mean- enumerated. Here it will be sufficient to point ings; for, when in VI. 3, 139 he says that
out that Patanjali, in the application of the Samprasarana is lengthened, he shows that
principle of indirect teaching, is going far Samprasarana denotes the vowels i, u, etc., sub-beyond Katyayana. Katyâyana, instead of restituted for y,v, etc., because only vowels can be garding the superfluous 2 in P. IV. 2, 42 as a lengthened ; and, when in VI. 1, 13 he rules that inapaka, makes a separate new rule for the
Kktykyans resorts to this device #4 times, Patañjali. Ganapatha and Dhatupdtha, as well as in his Asht. far more frequently. And since Patafjalí hoe two
dhydyt. AchAryas to deal with, Plaini and Katybyana, be is
in there we can fra. Vol. enabled to refer us also to the indirect teaching of Katy Jana, and he has actually done so six times. As regards III. p. 54. Papini, it may be added that there are jhapakas in his
