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APRIL, 1887.)
METHOD OF CALCULATING HINDU DATES.
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the bright fortnight of Chaitra, 15; in Vaisa- Under (a) the abdapa, enter this parákhya kha, 30; in Jyêshtha, 30; and in Åshidha, 15 below the sum of the tithi-bhoga and the solar in the dark fortnight, and 11 in the wright." equivalent of 96 tithis, and, -as is indicated From this number of tithis, 101, we subtract by the sign plus at the top of col. 1 in the tithi-dhrura, 5. And the remainder, 96, is Table IV.,-add it to that sum. the number of tithis elapsed from the end of The result, váras 95, gh. 47, p. 43, gives the Chaitra sukla 5 up to the end of Ashâdha number of days, and parts of a day, that had śukla 11. But the tithe-bhoga, which we have elapsed, from sunrise on the day of the Meshaalready arrived at, is the end of Chaitra, sukla Sankranti, up to the end of the apparent 6; and the same number of tithis, 96, expire Âshadha sukla 12. To the days, 95, add 1, from the end of Chaitra sukla 6, up to the end the week-day of the Mesha-Sasikranti. Divido of Åshadba enkla 12. Therefore, adding to the the sum, 96, by 7, and the result is 13 weeks, tithi-bhôga the solar equivalent, now to be and 5 days over; which shews that the introduced, the result will bring us to the end | current week-day on Åshâdha sukla 12 was of the given tithi, Ashaậha sukla 12.
the fifth day in the week; that is Thursday. Turning to Table III. on page 14, we find the remaining quantities, gh. 47, p. 43, that the equivalent, in mean solar days, of 96 shew the time after sunrise, on that Thursday, tithis, is days 94, gh. 17, p. 36. And, adding on which the given tithi, Ash&dha sukla 12, this to the tithi-bhoga, the result, days 95, ended. gh. 23, p. 24, gives the interval that had | The Tables in Prof. K. 'L. Chhatre's book, elapsed, from sunrise on the day of the Mésha- however, are adapted to the meridian of Sarikránti up to the end of Ashadha sukla 12, Bombay. The ghatis and palas, therefore, of as a mean tithi.
a tithi worked out by the method exhibited Now, however, we have to determine the above, are for Bombay; and are to be reckonspashta-tithi, or apparent tithi. For this pur- ed from mean sun-rise at Bombay. When the pose, we require the parálhya-correction, which tithi is required for any other particular is to be ascertained through the tithi-kendra, place, the difference of longitude in time (1
Turning again to Table III. page 14, we find degree = 10 palas) is to be added or subtracted, that the variation in the tithi-kéndra for 96 according as the place is east or west of tithis is tithis 12, gh. 1, p. 20. Enter this in Bombay. (®), below tithis 22, gh. 18, p. 35, which we In the present instance, as I learned after first have already arrived at as the tithi-kéndra at working it out, the above Saka date was selectthe end of Chaitra sukla 6. Add the two ed in consequence of its being the equivalent quantities together; and the result, -excluding of the date, in Gupta-Samvat 165, recorded 28 tithis, as before,-is tithis 6, gh. 19, p. 55; in the pillar inscription of Budhagupta at which is the tithi-spashta-kéndra at the end Eran in the Central Provinces. We have of the given tithi, Ashâdha sukla 12.
therefore now to determine the tithi for Eran With this argument, we turn to Table IV. | itself. page 20, for the parakhya-correction. In this The longitude of Bombay is 72° 51'; and Table, the correction is given for tithis and ghațis, that of Eraş is 78° 15'; both east of Greenwich. at intervals of 10 ghatis. Thus, for the tithi- Eran, therefore, is 5 degrees, 24 minutes, east spashta-kéndra, tithis 6, gh. 10, the parikhya from Bombay. Adding (5° 24' x 10=)54 palas is gh. 24, p. 10; and for tithis 6, gh. 20, to 47 ghaxis and 43 palas, which we have it is gh. 24, p. 19. The difference, 9 palas, is obtained above for Bombay, the tithi at Eran shewn in the last column of the Table, and is gh. 48, p. 37, reckoned from mean sunwould serve to calculate the exact parákhya rise, on the same day, Thursday. for the tithi spashta-kêndra. But here it is The above result is sufficient for all practical sufficiently close for our parposes to take the purposes. But it is further to be noted that parákhya as gh, 24, p. 19.
the tithis in our Panchdigs are intended to be
We are dealing with a northern date and that is why the títhis are counted in this way. If we were dealing with southern date, the enumeration would
be, in Chaitra, 30; in Vaisakha, 30; in Jyêshtha, 80; and in the bright fortnight of AshAdha, 11. The total is the same, 101 ; since a bright fortnight is concerned.
