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118
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[APRIL, 1887.
l'espectively, or any multiple of them, only the Next, by subtracting from the bigya-tithi remainders above 30 and 28, or their multiple, viz. gh. 53, p. 13, as many palas, 53, as are to be taken notice of, because there are 30 there are ghatis in it," we convert it into a tithis in one lunar month, and, as nearly as mean solar day, with the result of gh. 52, p. 20. possible, 28 tithis in one revolution of the Add this gh. 52, p. 20, to the ghatis and palas uithi-kendra.
only of (a) the abdapa. The result, vára 1, gh. We thus obtain in (a) the abilapa, váras 1, 5, p. 48, shews that the 6th mean tithi of Chaitra gh. 13, p. 28.4. The first quantity, of the ended with gh. 5, p. 48, after sunrise on the days, shews that the week-day on which the following day, Monday, after the day of the Mesha-Sankránti of the given year, Saka-Sam- Mesha-Sankranti, Sanday. This quantity, vat 406, occurred, was Sunday. And the re- vára 1, gh. 5, p. 48, is called the tithi-bhoga maining quantities shew that the Mésha-San. Paperitt), lit. the enjoyment or duration kránti took place at the end of gh. 13, p. 28·4, of the tithi;' and it is the end of the dhruvaafter sunrise on that Sunday. The small deci- tithi, increased by 1. It is, of course, a mean mal which we have here, as also in (6) the tithi. And it shews that days 1, gh. 5, p. 48, rithi-buddhi, under the palas, may be dis- had elapsed, from sunrise on the day of the regarded in the following steps of the process. Mésha-Sankranti, up to the end of Chaitra
In (6) the tithi-sullhi, we obtain tithis 5, sukla 6 as a mean tithi. Jl. 6, p. 47-4. From this we learn that, when the We have now to bring into consideration the Vésha-Sankránti of the given year, Saka- number of tithis elapsed up to the commenceSamvat 406, occurred, 5 mean' titkis of the ment of the givon tithi. And, in doing this, month Chaitra were completed, and also 6 we must of course take account of any intercajhatis and 47 palas of the 6th tithi had elapsed. lary month that there may be, preceding the The number of completed tithis, here 5, is given tithi, in the given year. technically called the tithi-thruva (ff ) In our example, however, the result in (6) or constant of the tithi;' because, when it has the lithi-suidhi is less than 19 tithis. And a been determined for any given year, it remains reference to Table VI. on page 22, which uniform or constant in working out any exam. would enable us to determine the intercalary ple in that same year. And the remainder, month approximately, if there were one, here gh. 6, p. 47, is called the bhukta-tithi shews us that there was, therefore, no interca(mafu) or 'elapsed portion of the (current) lary month at all in the given year, Saka-San
vat 406. The explanation of this, is, that, Subtracting the bhukta-tithi, gh. 6, p. 47,
when the tithi-áuddhi is less than 19, it shows from 1 tithi or 60 ghatis, the remainder, that the sankranti in Chaitra occurred within gh. 53, p. 13, gives the portion of the 6th tithi
the first 19 tithis of that month. And, as, tuat was still to run. This is technically called
generally, the solar months are longer than the bhogya-titli (irrufafu), lit. (that portion the lunar months, the sankrantis of the sun. of) the thithi which is still to be enjoyed.'
in his passage from one sign of the zodiac into In (c), the tithi-madhyama-kéndra, we obtain
the next, occur continuously later in each tithis 21, gh. 25, p. 22. This gives us the successive lunar month. But, when the sanitmoon's kénulra, reduced to tithis, at the time Iránti in Chaitra falls within the first 19 tithis, of the Mesha-Sankranti of the given year, Saka- no sankránti, np to the end of the year, can go Samvat 406.
beyond the 30th tithi of any lunar month; To this, the bhogya-tithi, viz. gh. 53, p. 13, is and, therefore, no month will be intercalary. to be added. And the result, tithis 22, gh, 18, ! Conseqnently, from the beginning of Chai#. 35, is the kendra at the end of the 6th tithi of itra, up to the commencement of the given Chaitra. This is called the lithi-spashta-kéndra tithi, ÅshAdha sukla 12, there had elapsed (POTPUTETET) or apparent kendra of the tithi.
only the usual number of 101 tithis; vie. in
" i.e. by subtracting the sixtieth part. This propor. tion is taken for the sake of easy calculation. Properly wpeaking, to convert a tithi into a solar day, the sixty- fourth part should be subtracted; because one mean
tithi is equal to 1984358 of solar day, 1.6., as nearly as possible, sixty-three sixty-fourths of solar day. The difference, however, does not introduce any material error.
