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NOTES ON THE MAHABHASHYA.
MARCH, 1887.]
in the place of which the map (sheet No. 15) gives Utran. All the modern names, with the exception of Kôsâd and Utrân, are so similar to the ancient ones that they require no special remarks. With respect to the latter two places I may state that the intermediate forms which led to the corruptions, shown by the modern names, are probably Kavihasadhi and Uttaravahanaka. With respect to
NOTES ON THE MAHABHASHYA. BY PROF. F. KIELHORN, C.I.E.; GOTTINGEN. (Continyed from Vol. XV. page 233.)
5. THE AUTHORITIES ON GRAMMAR QUOTED IN | THE MAHABHASHYA.
In the preceding note I have tried to show, that the Kárikus, which we meet with in the Mahábhashya, are taken from grammatical works composed after the Várttikas, and that Patanjali has probably used the same works, even where he does not actually quote from them. In the present note I intend to collect those passages or expressions, in which Katyâyana and Patanjali, or the authors of the verses preserved in the Mahâbhâshya, are distinctly quoting or referring to authorities on grammar, other than Panini or Katyayana. Purvasútra.
Grammars older than Pânini are referred to by the term Purvasútra,' which is used by both Katyayana and Patanjali, as well as in the Kárikás, and which occurs six times in the Mahâbhâshya. According to Kâtyâyana (Vol. II. p. 205), Pânini may have employed the word upasarjana in the rule IV. 1, 14, in the sense of upradhána, in accordance with the usage of former grammars. According to Patanjali (Vol. I. p. 248), Pânini has similarly used vridilha for gôtra in I. 2, 65. In a Kúriká in Vol. I. p. 36, the term akshara is said to have been employed in former grammars in the sense of varna, a letter.' In Vol. III. p. 104, Patanjali refutes a suggestion of Kâtyâyana's by intimating, that the term: in P. VI. 1, 163, need not necessarily be the Genitive of fa, but may be
Kaiyața on P. IV. 1, 14व्याकरणमुच्यते.
* Kaiyaja on P. VI. 1, 163: - पूर्वव्याकरणे प्रथमया कार्य निर्दिश्यते ; and on P. VIII. 4. 7: पूर्वाचार्याः कार्यभाजः बघा न निरदिक्षनित्यर्थः
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the statement of the grant that Variavi belonged to the "one hundred and sixteen villages of the Konkana," I must add that the people of Gujarat know even at present of the ancient division of their country, according to which the south was sometimes reckoned as a part of the Konkan. Thus the Ahmadâbâdîs call the Nâgars, settled in Surat, Kankaņās.
taken to be the Nominative of fra, containing a suffix that has the Anubandha,' the Nom. having been employed by Pânini in accordance with the practice of former grammars, in which that which undergoes an operation was put in the Nom., not in the Gen. case. According to Patanjali (Vol. III. p. 455), the word sg: in P. VIII. 4, 7, may, by the same reasoning, be taken to be the Nom. of अह्न, not the Gen. of अहन्. Lastly, in Vol. III. p. 247 it is suggested that Panini may have taken the term sit which he uses in VII. 1. 18, from an older grammar, a suggestion intended to show, why the operation, which in Panini's work usually takes place before a termination with the Anubandha, does not take place in the case of the terminations under discussion. This last passage has occasioned Patanjali's general remark, which has been made much of by the late Prof. Goldstücker," that Anubandhas used in former grammars have no effect in the grammar of Panini.
From all this we learn little about the works of Pânini's predecessors. That some of their technical terms differed from those used by Panini, is probable enough, but Kâtyâyana's and Patanjali's remarks regarding the particular terms mentioned are hardly of more value than the similar statements concerning Púrvácháryasajnáḥ or Práchám samjñaḥ of later writers. It may also be true that some ancient grammarians, like some modern ones, did use the Nom. in the way stated, and that they did
See Goldstinker's Panini, p. 181; Burnell's On the Aindra School of Sanskrit grammarians, p. 40.
e.g. the author of the Kotantra. Compare also in the Karikas such constructions as a fact (scil, आपद्यते ), Vol. II. p. 313. – The use of the eases in the technical structure of Panini's rules requires a separate and full investigation. In this respect, Papini is most
