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Jāvada of Mandu
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1,000 ploughs; 2,000 plough oxen, 10 houses and markets; 4 mounds of silver; 1 mound of gold; 4 mounds of pearls; 300 mounds of gems; 10 mounds of base metal; 20 mounds of coral; 1,00,000 mounds of salt; 2,000 mounds of molasses; 200 mounds of opium; 2,000 asses; 100 carts, 1,500 horses, 50 elephants, 100 camels, 50 mules, 20,00,000 Tankas. Figures which allow us to form an idea of the establishment of a 'vyavahārī-śiroratna' of ancient Mandu.
The second group of vows, the three 'Gunavratas', comprises the 6th, 7th and 8th vows. Under the 6th, Jāvada restricted the radius of his movements to 2,000 gavyūti in the horizontal directions and to 1/2 gavyüti and two yojana each upward and downward.52 Under the 7th, which sets limits to the number and quantity of articles of daily consumption and use, he pledged himself to use at the utmost, p. d. 4 seers ghi, 5 seers, grains, 5 pitchers of drinking water, 100 varieties of vegetables, 500 fruits by number, one mound by weight, 2 mounds by measure, 4 seers soparī, 200 betel leaves, ornaments worth one lac, ointments worth 100 Țankas, one mound flowers, 8 jars of bathing water, 7 suits of garments and other articles similarly restricted, which form a long list. The 8th vow, which limits such articles and actions as would involve unnecessary discomfort to fellow-creatures, Jāvada promised, among other items, to use only water sterilized by boiling, to get only a limited number of garments dyed, not to gamble, not to accept a post like Kotavāla, Prison-superintendent, etc.
The last four of the 12 laymen-vows, viz., ninth to twelfth are the Sikṣā-vratas, the ninth enjoining the performance of the traditional religious practices at fixed intervals, the 10th imposing further limits on items already touched in a more general way by previous vows, such as sexual intercourse, distances of daily walking, riding etc., daily routine, which may only be begun after viewing a Jina image, while the eleventh makes the Pausadha rite (living like a monk for a fixed time ) compulsory, and the twelfth binds the laymen to perform certain acts of charity, hospitality and religious
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