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Ancient Jaina Hymns
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( lxxiv ) Modhera ( modern Modhera near Bamanvada in Baroda State ),
(lxxv) Dadhipadra (modern Dahod near Godhra in Gujarat ),
( lxxvi ) Karkarapura ( modern Karakal near Mudbidri in South Kanara )174
It is obvious that the above sacred names have not been arranged according to any fixed scheme, but are strung together as they presented themselves to the memory of the poet, and as metrical exigency demanded. Though most of the places belong to Gujarat, with which the poet must have been particularly familiar from wanderings there, still he seems to have endeavoured to incorporate names of places situated in as many parts of India, or, for the matter of that, in as many parts of the universe as possible. In his pious zeal and his firm belief in the pertinent Jaina dogmata regarding cosmography, he has thus mixed up genuine geographical names with purely mythological ones, such as Meru, Vaitādhya, Astapada, Kundala, Mānuşottara, Rucaka and Nandīśvara, explicitiy referring to temples situated in the realms of all the four classes of gods. 175
Yet among the remaining references, a great number of names of even now popular Jaina places of pilgrimage can be recognized at first sight, such as Satruñjaya, Giranāra, Broach, Mangrol, Ajara, Sirpur, Fort Mandu, Mount Abu, Falodhi, Sankheśvara, Prabhāsapattana, Mandasor, Charup, Ahmedabad under the ancient Hindu name of Karaṇāvatī, Mount Sametaśikhara, Cambay, Palanpur, Taranga Hill, Arasan, Junāgadha, Idar, Dabhoi, Sachor, Karakal. Others of the places mentioned as tīrthas, are now not much in prominence, but do possess Jina temples, and some of them also a Jaina population, such as Dhanera, Kodinar, Dahidro, Jirāvala, Champaner, Jalor, Pañcāsara, Nana, Tharad, Vavipur, Kasindra, Nibeda, Chandur, Bahadpur, Bayad, Sami, Dholka, Majadra, Modhera, Dahod. Some places of both these types as, e.g., Fort Mandu, Arasan, Champaner, Jalor, Pancāsara, Dholka, were once
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