Book Title: Indian Antiquary Vol 48
Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

View full book text
Previous | Next

Page 192
________________ 188 THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY [ OCTOBER, 1919 taken along with the preceding words which were interpreted as year 165 of the time of king Muriya. He now takes the very expression as the principal phrase recording the date by itself, and translates the whole sentence as follows:-"He (the king) completes the Mariya time (era), counted, and being of an interval of sixtyfour with a century." It is a very unusual way of expressing dates, to say the least of it, even if we hold that the expression is rightly read and the translation correctly made. There are, however, grounds of doubt in both these respects. With the facsimile before us it is difficult to read kala in place of kále and vochhimnem instead of vochhine, while the proposed interpretation of vochhimmen and upadayati is certainly not such as carries immediate conviction. We need not pursue the subject further till the new impressions of this very important portion of the record are made accessible to the public. In the meantime we are bound to maintain that no case has as yet been made for those who look upon line 16 of this inscription as containing any reference to a date.6 Much has been made of the expression tatiye kalimga-rájavase purisa-yuge in ll. 2-3. Mr. Jayaswal has taken this to refer to the "third dynasty of Kalimga" and proceeded to discuss the two dynasties that preceded the one to which Khâravela belonged. In his opinion the first dynasty occupied the throne of Kalinga from the time of Mahâbhârata war to its conquest by Nandivardhana, and the second, during the interval between the fall of the Nandas and the conquest of the country by the emperor Aśoka; the Cheta dynasty to which Khâravela belonged and which reasserted the independence of Kalinga being of course the third. According to Mr. Jayaswal" the inscription thus indirectly confirms the Puranas, which indicate that the Aryan rule in Kalinga had come down for some 1300 years." s I am not prepared to concede that the expression certainly means "third dynasty of Kalinga." The simple meaning seems to be "the third generation (yuga) of the Kalinga kings in the male line." This seems very suitable when taken along with the context. For Kharavela who would thus belong to the third generation of Kalinga kings, was a young contemporary of king Satakarni, who has been generally identified with the first Andhra king of the name and who was the third king of that royal family. It may be assumed that when the disruption of the Maurya empire began, both the Kalingas and the Andhras seized the opportunity and declared their independence, and the one event followed closely upon the other. Although Sâtakarni did not probably belong to the third generation, his long reign must be presumed to have covered the period for the third generation. But, even assuming that the expression really means "the third dynasty of Kalinga," there is no reason to connect the first dynasty with that described in Mahâbhârata. The Nandas and the Mauryas had conquered Kalinga and they might be looked upon respectively as the first and second dynasties. The objection that they were conquerors from the north does not carry any weight in view of the presumption made by Mr. Jayaswal that the Cheta dynasty too came from the north. It may be pointed out in this connection that it is 4 I, p. 450. 5 II, pp. 394-95. 6 Mr. R. Chanda also arrives at the same conclusion after a prolonged discussion. Memoirs of the Arch. Sur. of India, Vol. I, p. 8ff. 7 Mr. Jayaswal now reads it as vai se (II, p. 373) but there is no trace of any anusvåra in the published facsimile. s I, p. 436. 9 Mr. Jayaswal himself offers this meaning of yuga (I, p. 437).

Loading...

Page Navigation
1 ... 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458