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APRIL, 1892.]
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
111
doctrines of) Virabhadda, though it is perhaps better to assume that Mahavira himself is referred to in this verse :--ia jo îsara-jiņa-vi-rabhaddabhaniyâņusariņim (!)iņam-bhattaparinnar dhanno padhamti nisuņamti bhîvamti Il 171 II Battarisayam Jiņâņa va gâhâņa samayakbittapannattami arahamtô vihiņa sasa yasakkham lahai mukkham 11 172 11 According to this concluding verse the text should contain only 170 verses, but perhaps the two concluding verses are a secondary addition. The plural of the verbs in v. 171 in opposition to those in the singular jô ... dhanno is at least very peculiar. Instead of the Sanskrit sariņim (sârinam B! both times with m) osáriņim is doubtless the better reading.
XXVIII. Fourth païnnam, samthara, samstara, in 122 vv., treats of the bed upon straw. Cf. Bhagav. 2, 1, 70, 54 (my treatise 2, 203, 207) as a preparation for the pamdiyamaraṇam, the proper euthanasy. The title samthâra is frequently referred to throughout the text; cf. v. 1, 3, 4, 15, 21, 27, 30 etc.), thus e. g.: samthârammi nibandham ganaparivadim nisameha Itill. This was the case with pažnna 3.
439] In v. 32 - 44 the qualities of the man are described who intends to ascend the samthâra, the second hemistich recurring throughout as a refrain; .. kruhaï jô camthâram savisuddhô tassa samthårô. In v. 56 fg. there are cited all manner of instances of those who died samtharam krûdha. Thus, the flower-gatherer (? pupphachula) Ajja in Poyaņapura v. 56, Sukosalarisi v. 63, examples from Ujjêại v. 65, Röhidagam nagaram v. 68, Padaliputta vy. 70. 73, Kosambi v. 78, Kunâlanagara v. 80, the names Kurudatta v. 84, Gayasa kumala v. 85, Chilâiputta v. 86, Mańkhali v. 87. It concludes: éva(m) maê abhithuyâ samthåragaimdakhamdham ardhå I Bugamananarimdachamda sabasamkamanan saya dimtu ll 132 11.
XXIX. Fifth painnam, tamdulaveyAliyam, 56 in verse, prose, and again in verse. The contents are of an anthropological and physiological nature, and are briefly stated in the introduction:
vochchham pažnnagam iņam tamqulaveAliyaṁ nama 11111
suņaba gaạiêse dasa daså (diså A) vâsasayâussa jaha vibbajjamti ( samkaliê vôgasiê jam châ ”yum sê sayam hội | all
jattiyamittê divasê jattigă râi muhuttam assasố 1 gabbhammi vásai jivô åbåravihin ya vochchhảmi 11 3 11
Then follows the statement that the jiva [440] remained in the womb 277 full ahôrattas and one-half of an abôratta (cf. Aup. $ 104)-(26 verses + 3). The prose treats especially of the life and development of the embryo in the womb, striking parallels to wbich are found in the statements in Nirakti 14, 6, 7, and in the Garbhôpanishad (Ind. Stud. 2, 65). The subject is treated in the form of a dialogue, in antique form, between Mahavira and Göyama. The nominative often ends in e and not in o, so that we may suppose an older source is the base of this recital. Then follows an enumeration of the dasa dasao (disão A), ten “ages of man" (cf. Ath. 3, 4, 1): bâlâ, kittà (A, kidå B, vidda C), mamda, bala, pannå, håyaņi, pavamchá, pabbhârâ, mummahi (A, mao B, sao C), mâyani. These are then treated separately in metre. The text then returns to prose, and treats, in connection with the âyos, of the divisions of time: avaliya, khaga up to the kódákôdiu, i. e. millions of years, after which it discusses the multiplicity of bodily relations and of the nature of the body in general. Next come the dry measures based upon the magabað patthô, cf. Ath. par. 35, 3 (my treatise on the Jyôt. p. 80; Aupap. $ 80, 98), measures of length, of time, the number of the bones, sinews and other parts of the body, of all manner of diseases, of women, &c. Here and there we find verses inserted though they are not counted in continuously with the rest. At the conclusion we find 18 verses :
êyam sôum sarirassa (metre !) vâsâņam gaņiyapâgadamahattham 1 mokkbapaümassa ihat
65 It is uncertain how we are to translate or explain this. In angas 2, 1, 2 veyaliya is == vaidárika, in dasavellia vaikAlika. In ms, or fol. 1075 the title is translated by tandulavaitAlikam; and also in Kashinath (the state of & child in the womb, its birth, do.).
1. jyotius stre, gloss.
