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NOVEMBER, 1892.)
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
331
It is, furthermore, noteworthy that in the Nijjutti, too, Haribhadra distinguishes different constituent parts and different authors (see p. 53). He refers its verses at one time to the niryakti(kara), mûlabhåshyakâra, 45 and at another to the samgrahaņikára, or even sûtrakṣit (!). He thus brings these verses into direct contrast with each other46 and subjects them to different treatment, by citing some, perbaps those of more recent date, in full, [55] either word for word or without commentary; while the remainder he cites as a rule merely by their pratikas and then explains, first by a gamanikå, or aksharagam., i. e. a translation of each word, and finally by expository remarks called out by the nature of the subject.67
Haribhadra too appears to have found a special defect existing in his sútra text. Between chapters 8 and 9 of the Nijj. we ought to find the sûtrasparsini nijjatti according to his statement; but : nô 'chyaté, yasmåd asati sütré (!) kasya 'say iti. Haribhadra devotes a long discussion to sutras in general, which recurs Nijj. 10, 10, 11, (sâtra and niryukti), 12, 17, 13,
Using due cantion in reference to an explanation of the matual relation which exists in our text between Sutta and Nijjutti, and in reference to the form of the text of the Avaéyakam which existed in the time of Haribhadra, I subjoin a review of the 20 ajjhayaņas of the existing Nijj. The two MSS. which I possess (the second I call B) show many divergences from one another, some of which are explainable on the score of inexact computation of the verses. Other MSS. contain much greater variations. The passages cited in Jacobi, Kalpas. p. 100 (104) as 2, 97, and p. 101 as 2, 332, are e. g. here 3, 281 (291), 382 (342). Very great divergences come to light in the two MSS. in Peterson's [56] Detailed Report (1883), pp. 124 and 127. These MSS. are numbered Nos. 273 (= P) and 306 = r, with a break in the beginning; and chapters 1, 2 and 6 are lost). The text is composed exclusively in gåthås. One of its special peculiarities is formed by the frequent dåragåhås, i. e. verses which state briefly the contents of what follows, principally by the enumeration of the catch-words or titles of paragraphs. Unfortunately the use or denotation of these verses is not regular; from which fact the benefit to be derived from this otherwise excellent method of division is materially reduced. The Nom. Sgl. Masc. 1. Decl. ends, with but very few exceptions, in 8.
It must be prefaced that Haribhadra treats chap. 1-10 under ajjhayaņa 1, 11-12 under ajjh. 2 and 3 respectively, 13-18 under ajjh. 4, and the last two chapters under ajjh. 5 and 6 respectively. This is done, however, without specially marking off the conclusions of the chapters of the Nijj. Only the conclusions of the six ajjhayaņas are distinguished from the others.
1. pedhis, pithika, 131 vv. (in P the thiravalt has nominally 125 and pedhiya 81 gão!) It begins with the same Thêråvali (50 vv.) that occurs in the beginning of the Nandi, and treats, from v. 51 on, of the different kinds of nåņa (cf. Nandi and Anuyôgadv.). Haribhadra does not explain the Thêrávali at all and begins his commentary (fol. 3) at v. 51: Abhinibohianâņam suaniņam chêva hinanam cha taha manapajjavapäņam kêvalanâņam cha pamchamayam 11 51 ||
- e. g. 4, 3, iyara niryuktig&tha, et As tu mulabh Aahyakdragáth&: bhimattbao (4, -6).
46 The atraktit appears here as later than the samgrahaņikra, fol. 260 a : - tAn abhidhitaur kha sangrahanikarab: ambe (Niij. 16, 48) gAhA, mei (10) gatha ; idath gåthAdvayan atrakrin-niryuktigkthAbhir dva praka Arthabhir vyAkhyayate (strakrita . . vyAkhyayate or strakrin niryuo .. vykkhyllti would bo better); dh&danti padhadam
in full but without commentary. Here it is to be noticed that one of the MSS. of the Niij. in my possession omits these 15 verses from the text. Soo p. 59 in regard to the assumption that the Nijj. is the work of several authors.
47 An occasional reference to other methods of treating the subject is found, e. g. 2, 61, iti samis&rthab, Vy As Arthas tu vibeshavivaranAd avagarhtavyah. Or on 10, 19, iti g&th Akshararthah, bhAv Arthas tu bhabyagåthAbhyo 'Taa yah, tas oh& 'mAh (in Prikrit, but not from the Niü.)
45 Chapter 8 forms an exception, though at the end at least it says: samfptá chê 'yam upodghataniryuktir iti, but in such a way that it is not mentioned as the "eighth chapter"; nor is the statement made that it is concluded.
