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DHCEMBER, 1892.)
INSTALMENT OF THE BOWER MANUSCRIPT.
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to the Peace ! Reverence be to the Delivered one, reverence be to the Deliverance! The principles of evil and good which have been declared by the Brahma (i. e., the Buddha), to them be reverence, and may they safeguard Yaśūmitra's welfare! Svábâ.76 May they save (him) from all fears, all troubles, all temptations and allurements, all fevers, all diseases, all seizures, all poisons !
APPENDIX I.
The Nagarajas. I append a list of the Nagarajas, Nagas, Dévis, and the other supernatural beings invoked in the foregoing spell. To this I add such references and information as I have been able to gather. Of the Tibetan Dictionary, called the Mahávyutpatti the Asiatic Society of Bengal possesses a Manascript translation, prepared by Csoma de Körös. This is referred to in my notes as Vy. Dr. Waddoll, to whom we owe some valuablo papers published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, has given me several lists of Naga names, extracted from Tibetan Naga Dharanis or rain-charms. These are referred to as WI. In either case, I preserve the spelling of the respective informants. The Abridged Petersburg Sanskrit Dictionary is quoted as P. Dy. Childers' Pali Dictionary as Páli Dy., the Mahabharata as M. Bh., and Hinen Tsiang from Bual's Buddhist Records of the Western World. The Chinese Sútra, = Ch. S., is the Vardha Varsha Sitra quoted by Mr. Morris in the Academy.
(I) Nagas and Nagarajas: 1, Dhritarashtra, 2, Nairavana, 3, Virupaksha, 4, Krishna, 5, Gautamaka, 6, Mani, 7, Vâsuki, 8, Daņdapida, 9, Parnabhadra, 10, Nanda, 11, Upanandis, 12, Anavatapta, 13, Varana, 14, Samharaka, 15, Takshaka, 16, Ananta, 17, Visumukha, 18, Aparajita, 19, Chhibbasuta, 20, Mahimanasvin, 21, Manasvin, 22, Kalaka, 23, Apalila, 24, Bhögavin, 25, Sråmandra, 26, Dadhimukha, 27, Mani, 28, Pondarika, 29, Karkötaks. 30. Sankhapada, 31, Kambal, 32, Asvatara, 33, Sakêtaka, 34, Kumbhira, 35, Súchiloma, 36, UgAtima, 37, Kala, 38, Rishika, 39, Paraņa, 40, Karņaka, 41, Sakatamukha, 42, Kolaka, 43, Sunanda, 44, Vatsiputra, 45, la patra, 46, Lambura, 47, Pithila, 48, Muchilinda.
There are altogether 48; among them Nos. 8, 10 and 11 are expressly called Nagas, and Nos. 6 and 22-32, Nagarajas; No. 47 is called a Mahanaga. The nature of the others is not specified, but they are, no doubt, all intended to be some species of Naga. The Vyutpatti gives a list of 79 Nagarâjas, and 55 common Nagas. Among the former occur Nos. 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 23, 29, 30, 31, 32, 37, 45, altogether 13, and four others (Nos. 21, 27, 40, 44) that are uncertain. Among the latter occur No. 22, and probably Nos. 2 and 19. The Mahabharatha, Adiparvan, Chap. XXXV, (P. Ch. Roy's transl., p. 113) has a list of 78 Nagas. Among these occur our Nos. 1, 6 (or 27), 9, 15, 18, 26, 29, 31, 32, 39, 45 and perhaps Nos. 2, 30, 36, altogether 14.
No.1, Dhřitarashtra is not mentioned by the Vy. among any of the Nâgas, but as the first in the list of Gandharvas; nor is ho accounted a Naga by the Tibetan Lamas; but in the M. Bh., Ch. S., the P. Dy., and by Morris he is stated to be a Nagaraja.
No. 2, Nairavaņa. At first I doubtfully suggested that this might be the same as Airavana. This view was supported by Professors Bühler, Leninann, and Stein, who took the initial to be & connecting consonant (see Vienna Oriental Journal, Vol. V., p. 345). Nevertheless I now feel certain that Mr. Morris is correct in identifying Nairavana with Vaisravaņa (see Academy, Aug. 29, 1891, p. 179). In the first place, the use of " as a connecting consonant is very unusual; in fact, I do not recollect ever having met with a well-aathenticated instance. Next, as Mr. Morris points out, Dhritarashtra and Virupaksha are respectively the regents of the East and West, and accordingly one expects Vaisravana, the regent of the North, in the place of Nairavaņa. Virûdhu ka, the regent of the South, is omitted, because he was not regarded as & snake-king, while all the three others were accounted Nagarajas. The four Läka på las have their position at the entrance, e. g., of a temple; and the Nagarajas among them may be expected to be invoked in the commencement of a spell. There is also sufficient suggestiveness in the similarity of the two names. Lastly, what seems to me decisive is that
16 Suin in such connections practically corresponds to our 'Amen.
