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120
BṚHAT-KATHAKOŠA
well-known', was styled as Gurjara-narendra2. This successful political domination of Karnataka dynasties, which patronised Jainism, over Gujarāta and adjoining territory presents quite favourable circumstances for the migration of a Jaina Samgha from Karnataka to Gujarāta. Secondly, the name of Nannaraja, whose Vasati is referred to by Jinasena, is quite South Indian in pronunciation; and we know that this name was usual in the South, for instance, the patron of Puspadanta at Manyakheța was Nanna. It would be a quite probable conjecture that this Nanna might have been Jaina chieftain from the South who had settled down at Vardhamanapura and built a temple of Parsvanatha. Lastly, this Kathakośa refers to many South Indian territories and towns; and Harişena is the first author, so far as we know, to describe the Tera caves: all this indicates the contact of the Punnaṭa-samgha with the topography and the holy relics of Karnataka and round about. Thus there was every possibility of a Jaina Samgha migrating to Gujarata and Kathiawar.
a
Mauni Bhaṭṭaraka is referred to in some records, but beyond the name there are no positive facts to propose his identity with the one who was staying at Vardhamănapura as mentioned in the Prasasti. Hariṣeņa's adjective kārtasvarāpūrṇa-janādhivase reminds us of Jinasena's description kalyanaiḥ parivardhamana-vipula-s'ri-Vardhamane pure; and I feel no doubt that both of them are referring to the same town. Presumably from the names Punnǎța-samgha and Nannarāja, Pt. Premiji once thought that this town must have been situated in the South. There are at least three modern localities which can be proposed for identification with Vardhamanapura: i) The Citracampu was composed by Citrasena' of Burdwan (Vardhamanapura) in Bengal about A. D. 1744. ii) There is a reference to Vardhamana. nagari in the Anumkonda inscription of Kakatiya Rudradeva, dated Saka 1084, which gives a graphic description of a certain Bhima and of Rudradeva's expedition against him. It states that Rudradeva advanced 'three or four steps' from his camp and took the city of Vardhamananagari which from the context appears to have been not far away from Anumkonda in the Nizam's dominions. The village is known now under the name Vaḍhman'.
Prof. Hiralalaji has lately shown, in an important paper, that the statement of Praśnottara-ratnamala that Amoghavarsa accepted renunciation is further confirmed by the opening verses of Ganitasarasamgraha of Mahāvīrācārya, see Jaina Siddhanta Bhaskara, vol. IX, part 1, pp. 1-8.
2
I have in view the unpublished Prasasti of Jayadhavala which I have copied from the Sholapur Ms.
3
See Maunideva E. C. VIII, Nagar No. 35; Mauniyacariya E. C. II, 106; Mauniguru E. C. II, 8, 20; Moni Bhaṭṭāraka E. C. V, Belur 123, also Mediaeval Jainism p. 201.
4 Jaina Hitaishi, Vol. XIV. 7-8, pp. 216-12; but he has lately corrected his view, see Jaina Sahitya aura Itihasa, p. 424, pp. 428, 434 f.
5 I owe this reference to my friend Mr. P. K. Gode, Poona.
6
Indian Antiquary, vol. XI, p. 9 ff.
7 I owe this reference to my friend Mr. R. S. Panchamukhi, Dharwar,
1
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