Avantinu Aadhipatya Yane Mahavir Nirvan Pachi 605 Varsh

Author(s): Siddhimuni
Publisher: Mafatlal Zaverchand pandit
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022698/1

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g1 AM A. TYYTY JV | SHA SSC s sess.S.See avaMtinuM Adhipatya 0 cAne mahAvIra nirvANa pachI chaso pAMca varSa ** TYYYTYTYY YYYYYYYYTITYTYYTYTTTTTTTTTT DDDADAAKhKhKhKhKhKhKhAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA NODAZOLGODBUDAPURDAGINDREWNIDAGDAGDRGNPR SOOOOOOOOOOOOO -: lekhaka :u. zrI siddhimunijI 6666666666 : prakAzaka:paMDita matalAla jhaveracaMda khetarapALanI piALa amadAvAda, mUlya 6-0-0 DqZ VPIL D]\" ASS/W//h T[ //UID ||s ] tho||te @

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* * * * * * * * * * * * 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ******* avaMtinuM Adhipatya yAne mahAvIra nirvANu pachI chaseA pAMca varSa vi. sa. 2010 99 90 98 98 99 90 97 = : lekhaka : = u. zrI siddhimuni ate te ~: prakAzaka :~ paMDita matalAla jhaveracaMda khetarapALanI pALa amadAvAda vIra saMvata 2480 mUlya 6-0-0 98 99 99********* 8 9 8 9 9 * * * * * * * * * * * * * ka sane 1953

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prAptisthAna 5. maphatalAla jhaveracaMda khetarapALanI piLa, amadAvAda gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya rIcIroDa, amadAvAda sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra ratanapaLa hAthIkhAnA, amadAvAda medharAja jaina pustaka bhaMDAra pAyadhUnI goDIjInI cAla, muMbaI naM. 3 somacaMda DI. zAha pAlItANA (kAThIyAvADa) di ka ka phakta 8 paMDita matalAla jhaveracaMda gAMdhI nayana prinTIMga presa che. rIcIDanA pula pAse amadAvAda

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granthakartAnuM nivedana ki namaH aitihAsika saMzodhana bahudhA adhurAM ane saMdigdha sAdhano parathI thatuM hoI tethI levAtA nirNaya prAyaH prAmANika hotA nathI ema keTalAkanuM mAnavuM che; jyAre keTalAka mAne che ke, maLI AvatA zilAlekho sikkAo ane granthagata ulekhonA AdhAre aitihAsika saMzodhana thaI je nirNaya levAya te prAmANika ja hoya che. paraspara viruddha jatI uparokta banne mAnyatAo e khAlI mAnyatAo ja che. kharI vAta e che ke, madhyastha saMzAdhakanA hAthe zuddha saMzodhana thaI aitihAsika nirNaya levAyo hoya te te prAmANika hoya che; anyathA itihAsanA nAme asatya, bhrAnti yA saMzaya phelAva- * vAnuM ja kArya siddha thAya che ke je dhArmika, naitika, sAmAjika ane rAjakIya viSayamAM bhAre anartha nIpajAve che. kei eka vidvAna ItihAsanuM Alekhana karavA beTho eTale te ItihAsalekhaka madhyastha ja hoya evo koI niyama nathI. tenAmAM madhyasthatA na hovAnAM athavA tenI madhyasthatA nAza thavAnAM aneka kAraNe che. ItihAsane lekhaka mithyA pUrvagrahanA kadAgrahane lIdhe athavA tenAmAM game te kAraNe jAgelAM ISya TheSAdine laI madhyastha na paNa hoya. Arthika lAbha ke yazaH kIrtinA lebhe paNa te ghaNIvAra madhyasthatA gumAvI bese che. evuM paNa bane ke, dhArmika, naitika, vigere kSetramAM patita thaI bahiSkRta thayela te potAnI miththA sarasAI darzAvavA jatAM paNa madhyastha rahI zakato nathI. temaja rASTrIya hetu sAdhavAne paNa tene madhyasthatA korANe mukavAnI manovRtti janme che. AvAM AvAM aneka kAraNone laI madhyasthatA na rahI zakatAM ItihAsane lekhaka prAmANiktA pUrvaka zuddha saMzodhana na karI zake ane tethI tenA saMzAdhanathI levAtA nirNayamAM prAmANiktA na Ave e svAbhAvika che Ama chatAM "duranA vasuMdhar" e kathana pramANe jagatamAM madhyastha prAmANika lekhake jarUra maLI Ave che ke jeo AdhyAtmika saMskAravazAta mAna-mada rahita, nispRha ane satyAgrahI hoya che. AvA madhyastha ItihAsa lekhakenA hAthamAM je vyavasthita ane zuddha sAdhane Ave ane temane tenI yogya paraMparA maLI rahe te teo jarUra sAce aitihAsika nirNaya ApI zake; paraMtu temAM je kAMI nyUnatA ke khAmI hoya te temane te nirNaya ApavAmAM kavacita khUlanA thavAne paNa saMbhava che. saMbhavita A khalanAne prasaMge e itihAsa lekhake sahaja madhyastha hovAthI kadipaNa kadAgrahavaza thatA nathI. kemake, temane aitihAsika satya jaNAvavA sivAya anya koIpaNa upara nirdiSTa malIna hetu sAdhavAno IrAdo hoto nathI. AvA madhyastha mahAnubhAvonAM aitihAsika Alekhana ke sUcana sadA ya anusaraNuya hoya e svAbhAvika che; chatAM temanA AlekhanamAM seMdhAyelI hakIkta jyAre kavacita paraspara virUddha jatI hoya ane tene samanvaya karavAnI muzkelI naDatI hoya tyAre tene vikalpa tarIke nedhavAnI ane balavattara jaNAtA pakSane saMbhavita rUpe samarthana karavAnI Apatti AvI paDe che, ke jenuM daSTAnta mAre A avatinuM Adhipatya nAmanuM pustaka rUpe jAhera mukAte nibaMdha-lekha che.

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ATalI prAthamika sucanA karyA bAda, have A "avantinuM Adhipatya ' lakhavAne prasaMga kevI rIte -kayA kAraNathI upasthita thayo tathA A AlekhanamAM anya ItihAsanAM Alekhana karatAM zI vizeSatA che te viSe kaMIka sacana karIza. ahiM mAre spaSTa karavuM joIe ke kAMI ItihAsavettA, itihAsavizArada ke tevI koI padavI dharAvanAro ItihAsane Aga abhyAsI nathI. phakta, huM mArI jIMdagInAM ghaNAM varSothI mane svAbhAvika hAtha lAgatAM pustaka athavA nibaMdha ke lekhane, bhaviSyamAM itihAsa viSe kaMIka lakhavuM paDaze evI kalpanAnA abhAve koI jAtanI gaMdha lakhI rAkhyA sivAya, vAMcanAre eka upalaka abhyAsI hatA; paraMtu jayAre mane samajAyuM ke, arvAcIna itihAsa lekhaka zrI mahAvIra nirvANa pachInA samayanI prAcIna dhaTanAonuM je Alekhana karI gayA che athavA karI rahyA che tenI saMkhyAbaMdha hakIkatamAM asaMgata jevuM che ane te kAlagaNanA saMbaMdhI prAcIna matabhedanA pariNAma rUpa che, tyAre mAre ekavAra pharIthI keTaluMka aitihAsika sAhitya jeI javAna ane tenI neMdha levAne prasaMge upasthita thaye. ghaNI ja cheDI paNa jarUrIyAtanI e nedha parathI vicAra karatAM mane lAgyuM ; vikrama saMvatanI zarUAta ghaNI ja moTI bahumatithI ma. ni 470 varSe mAnavAmAM Ave che tenA pariNAma rUpe ja te samayanA-mahAvIra nirvANathI cha varSa ane te pachInAM paNa keTalAMka saikAnA aitihAsika AlekhanamAM asaMgati janmI che, ane tene nivAravAnA upAya vikramasaMvatanI zarUAta ma. ni. 410 thI mAnavI e sivAya keI nathI, jarmana saMzodhaka mI. haeNrmana jekobI vigerene paNa ema ja samajavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. mI. jekebI vigere pitAnI e samajanA samarthanamAM Avazyaka cUrNikAra zrI jinadAsagaNimahattara, zrI bhadrezvarasUrijI ane zrI hemacandrasUrijInA amuka ulekhone TekA rUpe TAMke che; paraMtu e mahApuru nA granthagata ullekho aspaSTa ane vaikalpika hovAthI mane "mahAvIra nirvANathI 470 varSe vikramasaM. vatanI zarUAta thaI' e ati vistRta saMpradAyanA saMbaMdhamAM saMzaya lAvavAnuM ucita na lAgyuM. A pachI "hamavaMta vAra? nAmane grantha mArA jovAmAM Avyo, ke jemAM tenA kartA yugapradhAna zrI himavadAcArye bhagavAna mahAvIra: pachInA sthavironI neMdha letAM prasaMgopAta keNika-ajAtazatruthI laI saMprati sudhInA magadha rAjAonI, zebharAyathI laI viduharAya sudhInA kaliMga rAjAonI ane saMpratithI laI vikrama sudhI avanti rAjAonI paNa salavArI saha oMdha lIdhI che. keTalIka bAbatamAM mahatvabharI khAsa vizeSatA dharAvatI e noMdhamAM himavadAcArya vikramane rAjyAre bha spaSTa rIte ma. ni 410 varSe jaNAvyo che, uparokta e "himavaMta therAvalI' grantha para manana karatAM mane samajAyuM ke, zrI mahAvIra nirvANa ane vikrama rAjyAraMbha vacce 470 varSanuM aMtara che,' e cAlu saMpradAyanI mAnyatA karatAM e bannenI vacce 410 varSanA aMtarane jaNAvanArI zrIhimavadAcArye nirdaSTa saMpradAyanI mAnyatA vadhAre balavattara ane vAstavika rIte aitihAsika saMgatine sAdhanArI tathA saMzodhakone cokkasa nirNaya para javAmAM muzkelI UbhI karanArI aneka guMcavaNono ukela karanArI che. mArI AvI samajanA samarthanamAM meM A "avanitanuM Adhipatya' nAmanA granthanuM sarjana karyuM che. zrI mahAvIra nirvANa ane vikrama rAjyAraMbha ke vikrama saMvata enI vacce 470 varSanuM aMtara sUcavatA sAhityagata ulekhane anusarI lakhanArA saMzodhakane sAhityagata anya ulekhothI siddha thatI navamo mahApAnanda ane kalpakavaMzIya zakaTALa vigerenI, maurya caMdragupta ane zrI bhadrabAhu svAminI tathA samrATa saMprati ane zrI Arya mahAgirinI samAna kAlInatAne avIkAra

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COCOCOSCOOTE paramapUjya upAdhyAya zrI siddhimunijI BOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOO __ii|| D D A) MID 4 | UNDS AE janma : vi. saM. 1942 mahA sudi 2. dIkSA : vi. saM. 1959 poSa sudi 6 ** *** **** liEDIO CMWL [ RDI zrI krIznA prinTarI, ratanapoLa, amadAvAda,

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karavo paDe che. yAvata, temane ma. ni. 470 thI 5. ni. 530 sudhImAM vikramAdityanA sAhityamAM seMdhAyelI viziSTa pravRttione patte na lAgavAthI saMvata pravartaka e rAjAnA astitvane adAM InkAra karavo paDe che. uparAMta, temane vikramAditya ane Andha rAjA zAlivAhana (hAla) vaccenuM yuddha tathA vikramAdityanA mRtyu bAda tenA putra vikramacaritra (nabhaHsena) sAthe zAlivAhananI saMdhi vigere sAhityamAM ullekhAyelI aneka hakIkata paNa baMdhabestI na karI zakavAne laI karipata ke bhrAnta bhAsI che. paraMtu meM mArA sarjanamAM, mahAvIra nirvANuM ane vikrama saMvata e benI vacce 470 varSanuM aMtara sUcavatA sAhityagata ullekha sivAya, e prAcIna samaya sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhatA lagabhaga ghaNu kharA sAhityamAM noMdhAyelA mahattvanA ullekhono samanvaya sAdhavA banatuM lakSya ApyuM che. "avantinuM Adhipatya" nA vAMcake mArA AlekhananI e vizeSatA sahaja samajI zakaze ema mane lAge che. bAkI, e samanvaya sAdhavAmAM huM keTale saphaLa thayo chuM e to A pustakanuM avalokana karyA bAda, je madhyastha ItihAsagna vidvAne che, teo ja kahI zake. e madhyastha ItihAsavettA vidvAna pAse huM evI paNa AzA rAkhuM chuM ke, a85 sAdhano ane apUrNa saMzodhanathI lakhAyelA mArA A prasthamAM je kAMI nyUnatA hoya ke anupayogathI khalanA thaI hoya tene te mahAzayo sudhAre ane mane paNa sUcana dvArA sudhAravAnI taka Ape ke jethI keIpaNu vAMcaka mArI bhUlano bhoga na thaI paDe. bAkI, A granthamAM adhurAM sAdhanothI upajAvelAM anumAnothI aneka hakIkato saMbhavita tarIke rAkhavAmAM AvI che te to vadhAre saMzodhanane pAtra hoI tene sarvathA satya mAnI levAnI bhUla koIpaNa na kare evI sUcanA pUrvaka A saMkSipta nivedana karI viramuM te pUrve A granthamAM ajJAnathI ke anupayogathI je kAMI satya virUddha, anucita ke koIne apriya lAge evuM lakhAyuM hoya te mATe huM mithyA je kuti' dauM chuM. Iti nita nita rUAntiH u. siddhimuni jana vidyAzALA-mAlIvADA vijApura (u. gujarAta) tA. 20-10-53

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>> namaH zrI pArzvanAthAya prastAvanA (1) pU. 3. sidimunijI mahArAja ItihAsanA sArA abhyAsI ane te viSayanA ciMtanazIla che, tenI khabara te mane huM AjathI pAMca varSa upara mArA sanehI zrImULacaMdabhAIne tyAM mANasA gaye tyAre huM temane maLe ane temanI AsapAsa patharAyela itihAsanuM vividha sAhitya ane temanuM lekhana joyuM tyAre ja paDI. temaNe kAlagaNanA ane avaMtinA Adhipatya upara khUba UMDe vicAra karyo hato, te aMge vividha aitihAsika sAhitya ane dhArmika sAhityanuM vAMcana karyuM hatuM ane te badhAnA niSkarSa rU5 varSonI mahenata bAda eka graMtha taiyAra karyo hate. A graMthane teozrI mudraNa karavAnI IcchA rAkhatA hatA paNa tenA mudraNa pahelAM mane jeI javAnuM kahyuM. huM AkhuM poTaluM lAvyone meM vAMcavA prayatna karyo. vAMcyo paNa mAre A viSaya ja na hovAthI huM bahu samajI zake nahi. pU. upAdhyAyajI mahArAjane chellA thoDA varSathI dAMtanI pIDA hatI ane tabIyata sArI rahetI na hatI. temanI IcchA AnuM jaladI mudraNa thAya tema hovAthI A graMtha je lakhyo hato te temanI ja nizrAmAM chapAvavAmAM Avyo che. emaNe A granthamAM je je vAta kahI che te AdhAra pUrvaka kahI che eTale AmAM bIjAnA saMzodhananI khAsa AvazyakatA paNa bahu rahetI na hatI. A graMtha pAchaLa upAdhyAyajI mahArAjane parizrama, ciMtana ane saMkalanA keTalI che te huM kahuM te karatAM graMtha ja svayaM vAMcakene kaheze. koIpaNa viSayanA graMtha lekhana karatAM itihAsa upara maulika graMtha lakho te ati kaThina che temAM paNa je vAta seMkaDo hajAro varSathI daDha thaI hoya tethI bhinna vicArazreNi raju karanArane te ghaNuM ja ciMtana, abhyAsa, parizrama ane buddhinuM paripakavapaNuM Avazyaka rahe che. sAmAnyarIte abhyAsaka ke vidvAno badhAye paripATImAM Avela vastune saMmata saMgata ane dRDha samajI AgaLa cAlyA jatA hoya che tyAre bhinna vicArazreNi raju karanAra samartha purAvA, dalIla ane baMdha bese tevA prasaMgo raju karyA sivAya akSara paNa lakhI zakAto nathI. bIjA viSayamAM te mANasa nirAdhAra dalIla upara pIThikA bAMdhI imArata race paNa itihAsanA viSayamAM keI nirAdhAra dalIla cAlatI nathI. temaja AgaLa pAchaLanI aneka gune teNe ukelavI paDe che. vikrama saMvata, zakasaMvata ane IsavIsana ,A traNa kALa gaNanAo Aje bhAratabharamAM prasiddha che. vikrama saMvatanI zarUAta kArataka sudi 1 thI thAya che tene besatA varSa tarIke bhAratabharanA mAnavIo ujave che. bhinnabhinna dharmo ane bhinna bhinna rIta rIvAjo bhAratamAM hovA chatAM A divasane sau koI mAnavI vyApaka parva dIvasa tarIke ujave che. zaka saMvata caitra sudi 1 thI zarU thAya che. A saMvatane anu

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(7) lakSIne jotiSa grantho lakhAyA che. tene kendramAM rAkhIne pracAra vigerenAM gaNitanI racanA thaI che. AthI ja judAM judAM zAstrIya paMcAMga tenIja mUkhyatA rAkhI bahAra paDe che. judA judA prAMtamAM te te prAMtanI atipratiSThita vyaktinI yAdagiri nimitta judA judA saMvato bhale pravartatA hoya paNa deza bharamAM vyApaka saMvata to A be ja che. isvIsana e pazcimAtya kALa gaNanA che. Ane upayoga bhAratamAM briTIzaronA rAjya kALa daramiyAna thayo che. chatAM paNa teno upayoga Aje khubaja vyApaka che. kemake rAjya vyavahAramAM, dunIpAdArImAM ane temanA kALa daramiyAna prakaTa thayela pustakamAM te saMvatane ja mukhya rAkhavAmAM Avyo che. Aje briTIzaro gayA chatAM paNa temane saMvata zeSanAganI khIlInI peThe sthira karI muktA gayA che. koIpaNa dezanA vartamAnanA ghaDatara mATe te dezane itihAsa khUba Avazyaka hoya che. kemake tenA purepurA khyAlathI ja ghaDatara AraMbhAyuM hoya te temAM saphaLatA maLe che. nahitara karelA bhagIratha prayatno paNa niSphaLa jatAM vAra lAgatI nathI. A ItihAsa kaye rAja kayAre jo ane kayAre maryo temAM ItipUrNa thato nathI paNa prajAnA judA judA saMskAronuM utthAna ane vilaya kaI rIte ane kyA saMjogomAM banyAM te jaNAvanAra ItihAsa che. rAjA vigerenAM sUcano te teno khyAla mATenAM cinho che. A ItihAsanuM ekama yA vartuLa te kALagaNanA che. kemake tenA sivAya tenuM cekasa aMtara jANI zakAya nahi. bhAratanA prasiddha saMvate vikrama saMvata ane zakasaMvata koNe pravartAvyA ane kayAre pravaryA teno nirNaya jaina graMthA. jaina sthApatya ane bIjI vividha jaina sAmagrIthI spaSTa karI zakAya che tevI bIjI kaI sAmagrI bhArata bharamAM nathI. jaina zAstromAM kALagaNanA mATe be paddhatio male che. eka paddhati avantinA-ujajayinInA Adhipatya kAlathI gaNAtI ane bIjI jaina yugapradhAnatva kAlathI gaNAtI. A banne paddhatione jaNAvanArI gAthAo mahAvIra nirvANanA samayane kendramAM rAkhIne zarU thAya che, je rAtrie bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANa pAmyA te ja rAtrie ujajayinIne rAjA caMDapradyota mRtyu pAmyA ane tenA sthAne tenA putra pAlakane abhiSeka thayo. A bane hakIkata ekaja samaye banela hovAthI ujajayinInA adhipati rAyakartAone lakSyamAM rAkhIne pAlakanA rAjyAraMbhathI mAMDI ujajayinImAM zaka rAjAnI utpatti sudhImAM mahAvIra nirvANanAM 605 varSa thayAM hatAM, tema eka kAlagaNanA paddhati jaNAve che; jayAre bIjI kAla gaNanA paddhati jaina yugapradhAnatva kAlaneja sparza karatI ujajayinImAM vikramAdityanA rAjyAraMbhana ke zakarAjAnI utpattine kAla jaNAvatI nathI, te paNa te parathI te te yugapradhAnonA yugapradhAnakAlamAM vidyamAna ujajayinInA amuka adhipatione samayanirNaya nakkI thatAM te evA anumAna para laI jAya che ke mahAvIra nirvANathI 605 varSa ujajayinImAM zaka rAjA utpanna thaye hatA. Ama zaka rAjAnI utpatti mahAvIra nirvANathI keTalA varSe thaI emAM manabheda nathI matabheda tyAM paDe che ke, mahAvIra nirvANathI 605 varSe zaka saMvatanI utpatti thaI ema je cAlu jene saMpradAya kahI rahyo che. granthakAre A matabhedanI sAme bahu ja Adara pUrvaka paraMtu puratI dalIlathI sAbIta karI batAvyuM che ke, zaka saMvatanI zarUAta ma. mi. thI 605 varSe nahi, paNa 545 varSe thaI hatI. A vakhate ujajayinImAM A% rAjya zarU thayuM hatuM ke je tyAM 60 varSa cAlI zaka rAjAnI utpatti thatAM naSTa pAmyuM hatuM granthakAre AvI rIte zaka saMvatane zaka rAjAnI utpattithI 60 varSa pUrve laI jaI, vikrama saMvatane paNa cAlu mAnyatAe svIkArelA samaya karatAM 60 varSa pUrve laI javAnA saMpradAyanuM samarthana karyuM che.

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bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa bAda vikrama saMvate kayAre thayo, temAM traNa matabheda che. 1 mahAvIra nirvANathI 470 varSa bAda vikrama saMvata thayo tema mAne che. 2 mahAvIra nirvANathI 483 varSe vikama saMvata thayo tema mAne che. 3 mahAvIra nirvANa bAda 410 varSe vikrama saMvata thayo tema mAne che. mahAvIra nirvANuthI 470 varSe vikrama saMvata thAya te mAnyatA khuba Dha che. ane Aje ApaNe te mAnyatAne anusarI vi. saM. 2010 ane vIra nirvANa 2480 mAnIe chIe. bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa bAda 470 varSe vikrama saMvata thaye tene sucavanArI kALa gaNanAnI gAthAo A pramANe che. jarayaNi kAlagao arihA titthaMkaromahAvIrota rayaNimavaMtIvai ahisittopAlago raayaa.||1|| saTTI pAlaga ranno, paNavannasayaM tu hoi naMdANaM aTThasaya muriyANaM tIsacciya pusaminANaM // 2 // balamittabhANumittA saTThI varisANi catta nahabahaNe taha gaddabhillarajjaterasavAse sagassacau // 3 // arihaMta mahAvIra tIrthakara je rAtrie nirvANa pAmyA te rAtrie antipati pAlaka rAjAne abhiSeka thayo. pAlaka rAjAnuM 60 varSa, nAnuM 155 varSa, maunuM 100 varSa puSya mitranuM 30 varSa, khalamitra bhAnumitranuM 60 varSa, navAhananuM 40 varSa, gardabhilanuM 13 varSa ane zakanuM 4 varSa, Ama mahAvIra nivaNa bAda 470 varSe vikrama saMvata thayo. pU. paMnyAsazrI kalyANavijayajI vIra nirvANa saMvata yAne jena kAlagaNanAmAM 470 varSanI gaNatrI nIce pramANe muke che. A muktAM pahelAM teo jaNAve che ke - A ApavAmAM AvelI rAjavakAlanI gaNanA kevaLa mAlavanA avaMtinA Adhipatyane laIne nathI paNa judA judA rAjAonA akaDAne bhegI karavAthI thaI che. pAlakanAM 60 varSa, naMdanAM 150, mauryanAM 160, puSyamitranAM 35 varSa, balamitra bhAnumitranAM 6, ane nabhasenanAM 5 varSa, ema kula mahAvIranirvANa pachI 270 varSe vikrama saMvata thayo. vikrama saMvata pachI 35 varSa nabhasena ane te pachI 100 varSa gadaMbhilla ema 605 varSa zaka saMvata. 470 varSanuM aMtara bannemAM sarakhuM batAvavAmAM Ave che. paNa varSanI kALagaNatrImAM phera batAvavAmAM AvyuM che. pU. paMnyAsa zrI kalyANavijayajInuM mAnavuM che ke, nadenAM 155, maunAM 108 ane puSyamitranAM 30 varSa lakhAyelAM je kALa gaNunAnI gAthAmAM maLe che te jUnI azuddhinA pariNAme che paNa kharI rIte. "TUpaNa tuM je naivALa , te badale pun vvsa tuM jovA joIe. muzALa gaThThA ne badale jiLa krisa joIe. A be bhUlene kAyama rAkhavAthI ja pachInA rAjAonA rAjakALane khuba goTALo thAya che, te TaLI jaze tema temanuM mAnavuM che. mahAvIranA nirvANa pachI 60 varSa pAlavaMza pachI 150 varSa naMdavaMza ane te pachI 160 varSa mauryavaMza ahiM sudhI mahAvIra nirvANane 370 varSa thayAM, tyArabAda chellA maurya brahadrathane mArI

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puSyamitra Avyo; A puSyamitranAM 35 varSa tyAra pachI balamitra ane bhAnamitranAM 60 varSa gaNavAmAM Ave che paraMtu te rAjAoe zarUAtanAM para varSa bharUcamAM rAjya karyuM. temanA 48 varSa rAjyakALa daramiyAna gabhilane uThADI mukavAmAM Avyo ane zae avaMtino kabajo lIdho. A zaka cAra varSa rahyA tyAra pachI ATha varSa balamitranuM avaMti upara Adhipatya rahyuM. AthI bharUcano para varSa rAjatvakALa ane ATha varSa avaMtIno rAjatvakAla thayo ema kula 60 varSa balamitrano rAjatvakAla gaNavAmAM Avyo che. A pachI nabhasena avaMtinA rAjya upara Avyo tenA pAMcamA varSe avanti upara zakonuM AkramaNa thayuM. paNa tyAMnI bahAdura mAlava prajAe te AkramaNane dura karyuM. A utsAhanA nimittarUpa vatsara pratye te vikramasaMvata-mAlava saMvata che. A saMvata pravaryA pachI nabhasene bIjAM 35 varSa rAjya karyuM. ane te pachI gardabhiHla vaMzIya rAjya 100 varSa rahyuM. ane tyAra pachI pharI zake e avanti chatI ane mahAvIra nirvANa bAda 5 varSe zaka saMvata pravarte. Ama pU. paM. kalyANavijayajI gaNi mahAvIra nirvANa bAda 470 varSe vikrama saMvatsara thayo mAne che paNa temAM upara sUcita pheraphAra svIkAre che. bIjI mAnyatA "mahAvIra nirvANa pachI vikrama 483 varSa thayo te che" Ane mATe bIjA ullekha nathI paNa 470 varSanuM aMtara mahAvIra nirvANa ane vikrama rAjyAraMbha vacce hatuM ane vikkamarajjANaMtara terasa vAsesu vaccharapavittI- . "vikrama rAjyAraMbha pachI tera varSa bAda saMvatsara pratye" te parathI te mAnyatA ubhI thayelI che. trIjI mAnyatA bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa bAda 410 varSe vikrama saMvatanI zarUAta thaI te che ane te mAnyatAnA samarthanarUpa A grantha che.. A mAnyatAnuM samarthana himavaMta therAvalI pragaTa thayA pahelAM paNa kalikALa sarvazrI hemacaMdrasUrijI racita pariziSTa parvanA ulekhathI ane anya ullekhothI dhvanita thatuM hatuM, ke jene AgaLa karIne Do. harmana jekebIe ane jaina cArapenTiyare mahAvIra nirvANathI 410 varSe vikrama saMvata zarU thayo ema mAnyuM che. je tema na mAnavAmAM Ave to gAthAomAM batAvela rAjAonI paraMparA ane yugapradhAna puruSonA kALane meLa maLato nathI, aitihAsika ghaTanAonuM saMkalana thatuM nathI ane mahAvIra tathA buddhanuM samakAlInapaNuM paNa ghaTatuM nathI. avaMti upara pAlavaMzanuM 60 varSa Adhipatya bhagavAna mahAvIranuM nirvANa thayuM te ja rAtrie avaMti upara pAlakano rAjyAbhiSeka thayo. A pAlakathI kevaLa pAlakanuM nahi paNa pAlakavaMzanuM 60 varSa avaMti upara Adhipatya rahyuM hatuM tema samajavuM. pAlakavaMzamAM : A traNa rAjAoe maLI 60 varSa rAjya karyuM. pAlaka 20 varSa ma. ni. 1-20 avaMtivardhana 4 varSa ma. ni. 20-24 avaMtiSeNa ma, ni. 24-60 pAlaka pachI 95 varSa nAnuM avaMti upara adhipatya rahyuM pahelo naMda varSa 4 mahAvIra nirvANa 60 thI 100 1 evaM ca zrI mahAvIramuktervarSazate gate / paJcapaJcAzadadhike candragupto'bhannRpaH //

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khIjAthI AmA na6 sudhI naMda navame varSa 12 varSa 43 caMdragupta bindusAra azAkazrI saMprati (10) ma. ,, "" na pachI 138 varSa avati upara mau vazanu Adhipatya 29 va 25 varSa 35 varSa 49 varSa vatimAM 1 varSa arAjakatA aLamitra-bhAnumitranuM ati upara 22 puSyamitrAnu... avaMti upara 30 varSa sau vaza dvitIyavibhAga 1 va lamitra-bhAnumitra 8 va 40 va 13 varSa 3 varSo ni. ma. ni. ma. ni. 155-184 184-209 ma. ni. 209-244 ma. ni. 244-293 phelAI ma. ni. 293-294 varSa Adhipatya ma. ni. ra94-316 Adhipatya ma. ni. 316-346 ati upara Adhipatya 346-407 ma. ni. 346-354 nabhAvAhana sa. ni. 354-394 gabhilla ma. ni. 394-407 zaka--zAhi ma. ni. 407-410 mauyavaMza tRtIyavibhAga 135 varSa ati upara Adhipatya ma. ni. 410-545 vikramAditya (khalamitra, vikramasena) 60 varSa ma. ni 410-470 vikramacaritra 40 varSa 470--110 bhAllAditrika 35 varSa 510~145 sau vaMza tRtIyavibhAga pachI AMdhra vaMza 60 varSa atiupara Adhipatya 145-605 ziva 28 va sa. ni. 545-573 yajJazrI 21 varSa ma. ni. 573--594 catrapaNa 11 va ma. ni. 594-605 Ama pAlakanAM 60 varSI, naMdanAM 95 varSa, mauyavazanAM 178 varSa, 1 varSa ArAjaktA, balamitra-bhAnumitranAM 22 varSa, puSyamitranAM 30, sau vaza dvitIya vibhAganAM 61 ane zakanAM 3 varSa kula 410 varSe vikrama saMvata. ane balamitra-vikramasena te vikramAditya. 100 thI 112 112 thI 155 sa. ni. ma. ni. tyArabAda 175 varSa mauya tRtIya vibhAganAM ane 60 varSa AMdhranAM meLavatAM 605 varSe zakanu Adhipatya avaMti upara AvyuM. pu, paM. kalyANatijayajI kALagaNanAnI gAthAmAM jema azuddhi thayAnuM mAne che tema A graMthalekhaka mAnatA nathI chatAM pratyAghAta tarIke kALagaNanAnI gAthA je rIte che tema nahi paNa nIce pramANe kema na hoya evA prazna kare che. saTThI pAlagaranno paNauNasayaM tu hoi naMdANaM, saGghIsaya muriyANaM tIsacciya pusamittANaM / balamitta bhANumittA aTThavarisANi catta nahavahaNe, taha gadda bhillarajjaM terasavAse sagassa cau kALagaNanAnI gAthAmAM 'paLapadmaya' che tene badale paLaGaLayaM oe, dhruva che tene badale sadRIya joie ane saTTIriyALi che tene badale baTTeriyALi joie. kALagaNanAnA

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saMzodhako e te cokkasa mAne che ka-pavanaracuM ane mana tathA tirAA traNa zabda lekhakonA doSathI bhinna rIte lakhAI rUDha banatAM kALagaNanAmAM goTALo ubho thayo che. A granthanA lekhaka tethI bhinna rIte azuddhi thaI hovAno pratyAghAta karI te azuddhinI kalpanAne anucita jaNAvI e gAthAone che tevI ja rIte svIkArI levAnuM tathA saMgata karavAnuM kahe che, ane temaNe tevI rIte tenI saMgati sAdhI paNa che. teo kahe che ke, 419 varSanuM aMtara mAnatAM A gALAmAM koI pheraphAra na karavAmAM Ave ane tene aNanama rAkhavAmAM Ave te paNa 155 varSa naMdanuM rAjya rahyuM tema nahi karatAM mahAvIra nirvANuthI 155 varSa sudhI naMdanuM rAjya rahyuM vigere rItathI tene artha karAya to paNa te saMgata thaI zake tema che. mahAvIra nirvANa kALathI vikrama saMvatanA aMtaranI vicAraNA karavAmAM mUkhya sAdhano be che. eka rAjatvakALa gaNanA ane bIjI yugapradhAna paraMparA. jo ke A banne mahAvIra nirvANa ane vikrama saMvata ke zaka kALanA aMtara mATe nathI, chatAM A bannenA aMkoDA paraspara ane jane sAhityanA vividha prasaMgonA ullekhonI sAthe sarakhAvavAthI ja vikrama saMvatanuM mahAvIra nirvANa sAthe 470 ane 410mAM kayuM aMtara vyAjabI che, teno nirNaya karI zakAya tema che, yugapradhAna paTTAvalI ane kALa gaNanAnI gAthAonA aitihAsika prasaMgo ane zAstronA bIjA viziSTa ullekhanI saMgati mahAvIra nirvANathI 410 varSe vikrama saMvata pravarce e prakAranI kALagaNanAnI paddhatine akhatyAra karavAmAM Ave to barAbara thaI zake che. te sivAyanI bIjI 470 ke 483 nI paddhatio taddana nirarthaka nIvaDe che. 470 nI rItie pAlakanAM 60 varSa ane naMdanAM 155 varSa eTale mahAvIra nirvANuthI 215 varSa pachI mauvaMzanI zarUAta thAya che; eTale 215 varSa pachI caMdraguptanuM rAjyArehaNa thAya che. jaina zAstromAM caMdragupta ane bhadrabAhusvAminuM samakAlInapaNuM TheraThera jaNAvyuM che, te 470 nI rIta mujaba rAjatvakALa svIkAratA ghaTI zakatuM nathI kemake bhadrabAhu svAminuM nirvANu yugapradhAna paTTAvalInA AdhAre mahAvIra nirvANathI 170 varSe Ave che, jyAre rAjatvakALanI gAthAonA AdhAre caMdraguptano rAjyAraMbha 215 varSa pachI Ave che tethI tene meLa 47deg nI rIta mujaba kaI rIte maLe? 470 nI rItie vIra nirvANa pachI 259varSa pachI azokane rAjyArohaNa kALa ane saMpratine 294 pachI rAjyArohaNa kALa Ave che. jyAre yugapradhAna paTTAvalInA AdhAre Aya mahAgiri vIranirvANa bAda 245mAM bIjA AdhAre 261mAM nirvANa pAme che. zAstromAM saMgratinA bodhadAtA tarIke Arya suhastino ullekha TheraThera Ave che. AryamahAgiri ane Aryasuhasti vacce matabheda paDe che temAM saMpratirAjAnI bhakti kAraNarUpa che. e badhAne meLa 470 varSanI mAnyatAthI jarA paNa besatuM nathI, mahAvIra nirvANa 410 varSe vikrama saMvata AraMbhAyAnuM mAnanAranI mAnyatA mujabanI kALagaNanAne apanAvavAmAM Ave to A koI asaMgati rahetI nathI. A mAnyatA mujaba caMdraguptano rAjyakALa mahAvIra nirvANathI 155-184 Ave che. A ja vAta kalikALasarvajJa hemacaMdrasUri. raju kare che ane jaNAve che, ke caMdragupta mahAvIra nirvANa bAda 155 varSa rAjya gAdI upara Avyo. A caMdraguptanuM 155 varSe rAjagAdI upara AvavAnuM kathana 410 nI mAnyatAnuM samarthaka che. ane tema thatAM caMdragupta ane bhabAhasvAminuM samakAlInapaNuM ghaTI zake che. kemake bhadrabAhu svAminuM nirvANa mahAvIra nivaNa thI 170 varSa che. te ja rIte 418 varSanI mAnyatAnusAra saMpratine rAjatvakALa 244 thI 293 che.

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(12) A saMprati Arya mahAgiri ane AryasahastisUrinA samakAlIna hatA tema jaina zAstromAM TheraThera ghaNuM pUrvaka kahevAyela che tene paNa barAbara meLa A mAnyatAthI maLI rahe che. kemake Arya mahAgiri jina kalpa AdaryA pachI vIra nirvANathI 261 sudhI ane Aryasahasti 291 sudhI vidyamAna hatA. kAla gaNunAnI gAthAomAM thayela azuddhinI mAnyatAnA kAraNe prAcIna graMthomAM TheraThera raju thayela zAstrIya lakhANo asaMgata karavAnuM pagaluM 470 nI mAnyatAthI thAya che, jyAre 410 nI mAnyatAthI zAstranA ullekho ane aitihAsika vidhAno saMgata thAya che, A graMthamAM pratipAdya viSayo mukhyatve be che eka mahAvIra nirvANathI vikramarAjyAraMbha 41* varSo thayo che ane bIje mahAvIra nirvANathI 605 varSa sudhI avati upara kenuM Adhipatya rahyuM che. pahelA viSayamAM himavaMta gherAvalIne AdhAra mukhya rAkhI bIjA bIjA aneka AdhArene laI aMdhakAre te sarvane haNI 410 varSanI mAnyatA ja saMgata che te sAbita karyuM che ane te barAbara che, bIjA viSayamAM graMthakAre kALagaNanAmAM AvelI gAthAonuM vizadavivaraNa karI sAbita karyuM che ke rAjadhAnI A rAjyonI bhale bIje hoya paNa avaMti upara Adhipatya te te rAjAenuM ja hatuM. bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa bAda avaMti upara 60 varSa pAlakanuM rAjya hatuM. te vakhate magadhezvara keNika ane udAyI hatA. keNike mahAvIra nirvANa bAda 31 varSa ane udAyie 29 varSa rAjya karyuM. A pachI pATalIputramAM naMdanuM rAjya 95 varSa cAlyuM. naMdenI mukhya rAjadhAnI pATalIputra rahI paNa temanuM varcasva avaMti upara hatuM. A rIte 605 varSane saLaMga krama graMthakAre aneka AdhAre ApI avaMtiparanA Adhipatya AzrayI jaNavyo che, ane temAM khuba ja graMthakAra saphaLa nIvaDyA che. A graMthakAranI nIti ane dharma sAhityanA gaSaka tarIkenI khyAti te ghaNA varSathI che ane teo sAthe sAthe varSothI ItihAsa mATenA parizramI che, chatAM itihAsano graMtha lakhavAmAM te mArI jANa mujaba kadAca temane A prathama ja prayatna haze. A prathama prayatnamAM paNa temaNe itihAsa premIo AgaLa ghaNo sAro saMgraha vimarzapUrvaka mukaye che tenuM mUlyAMkana to tenA vettAo ja karI zake. huM A viSayano ajJAna zuM karI zakuM? prastAvanA lakhatAM pahelAM te mAtra TuMka nivedana ja karavAnuM hatuM paNa AvA meTA graMthanuM vAMcana karyA vinA lakhavuM te ThIka na lAgavAthI bhAre Ano abhyAsa karavo paDyo. A badhI bAbatamAM graMthakArane upakAra mAnuM chuM. itihAsanA lekhake bahu dhIra, zAMta, gavaka ane parizramI hovA joIe. te mujaba A graMthanA lekhaka khuba ja zANA, vidvAna , gaSaka ane dhIra prakRtinA che. A anubhava bIjA prasaMge karatAM A graMthanA mudraNa prasaMge te jarUra mane thaye che. aMte graMthakAre uThAvela parizramane vAMcake vicArI prAcIna kALanI jina zAsananI sthiti nihALa temAM daDhacitta banI anumodanA kare, eja paMDita matalAla jhaveracaMda khetarapALanI piLa-amadAvAda,

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(13) anukramaNikA pRSTha vaizAlinA ceTaka rAjAnA putra zAjInarAyanuM kaliMgamAM Adhipatya 57 3 ' 12 13 nivedana prastAvanA anukramaNikA azuddhi zuddhi patraka mahAvIra nirvANuthI vikramAdityane rAjyAraMbha 470 varSa thayA tene samarthana karanAra kALa gaNunAnI gAthA. mahAvIra nirvANuthI vikramAdityanA rAjyAraMbha 410 varSa thayA. tene samarthana karanAra himavata therAvalI. 5 9 ma. ni. 0-20 14 ma. ni. 20-24 14 mahAvIra nirvANu ane pAlaka rAjyAbhiSeka. zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra tathA caDapradyotanu saMkSipta avataraNa. pAlakavaza 60 va pAlaka 20 varSa. avaMtivana 4 varSa avaMtiSeNu 36 varSa ma. ni. 24-60 purANAmAM ApelI vaMzAvaLI pAlakavazanA samakAlIna magadhezvaro 19-37 krANika 32 varSa ma. ni. pU. 1 ma.ni. 31 udAyI 29 varSa ma. ni.31-60 zizunAgavaMzane paricaya ane mahAbhAratanA yuddhathI mAMDIne zarU thatI judI judI kALagaNanAo 15 17-18 19 20 na dhruvaMza 95 tha naMda pahelAnA paricaya 1 3 5 21 38-}cha 28 nadInA krama ane temanA samuccaya rAjatvakAlanA carcAthI niya 32 na pahelA 40 varSa ma. ni. 60-100 53 na khIjAthI AThThamA sudhI, 12 varSa ma. ni. 100-112 15 naH navamA 43 varSa ma. ni. 112-155 56 sthUli-bhadra sUrinA paricaya pa 'tA paNa meLavazo.' gAthAnuM spaSTIkaraNa ke kALagaNanAnI khIjI gAthAnu parivatana 7 pariziSTa 1 (bauddhaprathAdi anusAre va'zAvaLI vigere) mauya vaza prathama vibhAga 161 varSI caMdragupta bindusAra azAkazrI sa`prati 28 varSa ma.ni. 155-184 25 va 35 varSa 49 va 29 22 29 74-162 91 184-209 103 209-244 107 244-293 129 293-244 147 294-316 148 316-346-163 e , arAjakatA 1 va khalamitra--bhAnumitra 22 varSa puSyamitro 30 varSa ma. ni. mauya vaMza dvitIya vibhAga 61 varSI 165-193 khAlamitra -bhAnumitra 8 varSAM ma. ni. 34-354 1}} nabhAvAhana 40 varSa ma. ni. 354-394-176 ga bhilla 13 varSa ma. ni. 394-407-183 zaka (sAhi) 3 varSI ma. ni. 407-410 mauva'za tRtIya vibhAga 135 vaSa 194 192-247 vikramAditya 60 varSa ma, ni. 410-470 198 vikramacaritra 40 varSa ma. ni. 470-510 240 bhAillA ditrika 75 varSa ma. ni. 510-545 246 AMdhravaza 60 varSa 248-180 28 varSa sa,ni, 545-573 27 yajJazrI 21 varSa ma.ni. 573-54 201 catrapaNa 11 varSa mati. 14-605 275 pariziSTa 2 jI ziva pR. 281-31.

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(14) pR4 1 2 3 thatAM 21 sahakarmI 13 27 "avantinuM Adhipatya nuM zuddhipatraka paMkti azuddha zuddha | pRSTha paMkti azuddha zuddha 23 aMcala0 anaMcala) 25 29 riddhi vive ki 30 parathA parathI 25 31 viSNu viSNu 11 utare *AMtara 25 33 ne dhavAmAM noMdhavAmAM 19 saddo raddI 26 1 hatAM hisAbe hisAbe bahatkarmA 21 nirvANutha nirvANathI 26 14 bahadurathI brahadrathA *pradAyathI saMpradAyathI 27 vIza vIsa pUrva sImA pradeva pUrvIsImAmadeva ghaNA ghaNAM 18 SesAliya vesAliya 0vazI 0vaMzI 20 salAtrithI -trisalAthI 20 pUrve pUrve mahInetrane 28 tyAM bIjA bIjA rAjyAraMbha 28 rAjagRhI jatAM rAjagRhI tyAM jatAM 71 varSa 71 yA 62 varSa 28 ajjhobabaNNo ajjhovavaNNo bauddhagathe bauddhagraMtho 28 tora tIe 33 29 seva sevAzca 0 vardhana vardhana 35 7 mUrtinI adalAva, mUrtinI nAmaM ___ nAma pratiSThA karAvI hatI. ene 24 bitio bitio IrAde vItabhayapaTTaNanI ajasA ajaso zrI mahAvIranI mUrti nI adalA jatAM bhipekSyati bhissekssyti| 35 12, 05TaNathI 05TTaNathI 25 bhaviSyati bhaviSyati hevAnuM 26 udayanI udayananI evo evA svabhAvika kAMI svAbhAvika kAI 33 pAmela eNavanna pAmelA paNavanna 28 eTaleja ja eTale ja bauddhasaMpradAyano bauddhasaMpradAya rAjakatAo rAjakartAo vatti ) paddhati vaSo varSo pAlakanI pAlakane 18 te te vaMzanA vaMzano 18 ne AvI hatI" AvI hatI"43 9 zreNikanI zreNikanI 21 saurASTA saurASTrA 44 jaNAve che. jaNAve che SoDazate SoDazaite. nandivarthana nandivartana 18 pradyotenAM pradyotanAM 0-155=155 6thI 15 zaka saMvata me zakasaMvatameM ema 155 varSa 32 jata hovAnuM 6 - - = = ba A

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pRSTha 39 viSe 107 6 la paMkti azuddha zuddha pRSTha paMkti azuddha zuddha 21 1 varSe- 1 varSe 71 19 60 varSe 60 thI : " 26 dazaputranA dazaputronA 60 varSe 60 thI 5 43 varSa 43 varSa 48 mAMDalikonI 54 mAMDalikanI paNa 10 rAjyaraMbhathI 14 rAjyAraMbhathI 148 73 26 (20 varSa) 14. udAthInAM udAyInA 10 jayasvAlajI jayasvAlajI rAjyaraMbha rAjyAraMbha 10 dazarathada dazarathAdi zaddhAM 28 (bauddha 28, (bauddha 28) 11 varSa 29 36 varSa 36 varSa vazAlImAM vaizAlImAM 20 hAhititti hohititti 12 vazAlImAM vaizAlImAM saradAra saradAra, nikAya nikAya 97 hadamAM hiMdamAM 13 i.sa.pU. 511 I.sa.pU.551 102 8 saLaga saLaMga 15 uparokta uparokta, A lekhanI 103 21 purANe che purANenI gaNanA sivAyanI, 107 18 3 u rI 36mAM umerI 283}260 284kera61 saMbhAvata saMbhavita kANika keNika 108 5 rAjyAta rAjyAnta jatA jate 108 9 lakhatA lakhatAM 1 5ra parathI 108 15 tyA tyAM maLatA maLato 108 26 0rAhaNaparA rAhaNaparo saLaga saLaMga 112 22 bAbatomAM bAbatamAM 12 saLaga saLaMga 113 pazrAttApa pazcAttApa karyA 116 28 prasenajitanA prasenajitanA 14 0mAM sothI mATe 0mAM sauthI moTo 117 varSa vi kANikanocapa varSe keNikano caMpA 117 29 teNe, 23 0nA sayukta nAM saMyukta 117 je, te je te 16 ke, pI. jayasvAla ke.pI. jAyasvA117 31 samama samaya 29 asaMmata asaMgata 119 - 14 hAvI khodAvI jayasvAla jayasvAla 12* sAdhAraNa sAdhAraNa 16. vAcakre vAcaka 123 20 *pitA saMpratipitA 19 za thI zabdathI janmatAM janme 18 ne AThamAM nandathI AThamAM 126 sAtavArI sAlavArI yugapradhAnanA yugapradhAnapaNAnA 127 varSe 30 ma. ni. 97 ma. ni. 98 129 brAhmaNanI brAhmaNanI vaMza 129 24 azake azoka 27 591-460 491-460 137 dhoDesavAra ghoDesvAra 268 218 138 31 293"nA "262282'nA 2. K 6 ja 45 che kayA varSe 15 teNe 45 48 48 6 51 51 para 124 6 vaSe 56 - che 68 ?

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(16) zake. * 54 paMkti azuddha zuddha pRSTha 139 19 zva,xxxx50 va pa0 221 142 29 dUra adgatira dUra atidUra 222 146 29 (29) TIppaNa0 147 pRSThamAMnIce 222 147 24 sake 232 148 13 jayasvAlajI jAyasvAlajI 238 15ra 19 saMbava che ke, saMbhava che ke, 242 152 26 zakhANunI lakhANanI 244 163 18 kata :puSyanA katala puSyamitranA 246 167 8 carcA che cacI 263 172 14 maLavA mALavA 266 176 amAtyaya ame amAtya ame 273 187 18 kAlakamuka AcaryuM kAlakamuniAcAya 282 216 15 khajAne karatA khajAne khAlI karatA 292 paMkti azuddha 22 31(335-376) 41(335-376). 26 ma. ni. 823- a. ni. 82626 -882 -862 28 (1). #Alaka. kolaka 11 x lIdhuM laI lIdhuM 05 gayupradhAna yugapradhAna 28 13 pravartI pravartAvyo 22 candraketu candraketu jayadAmAM jayadAmAM 31 sthApelA sthApelA, 28 rAjyaraMbha rAjyAraMbha

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yAne avaMtinuM Adhipatya | [ zrI mahAvIra nirvANa pachInAM cha varSa ] zrI mahAvIranirvANuthI 410 varSe vikramAdityane rAjyAraMbha. zrI mahAvIranuM nirvANa ane zakAri vikramAdityane rAjyAraMbha, e be banAva vaccenuM kAlAMtara nakkI karavAmAM te samayanA 4 avanavInA adhipatio ane temanA avanI paranA rAjakAlanuM jJAna e khAsa upayogI hevAthI tene meLavavAnI atyaMta AvazyakatA che; paNa e jJAna meLavavA mATe jevAM joIe tevAM puratAM sAdhano Aje vidyamAna nathI. Ama chatAM paNa chUTAM chavAyAM evAM keTalAMka je saMdigdha sAdhane maLI Ave che te dvArA paNa avaMtInA adhipatio ane emanA avantI paranA rAjatvakAla para prakAza phekI joItuM jJAna meLavI zakAya tema che. zrI mahAvIranirvANathI vikramAdityane rAjyAraMbha 470 varSe thaye tene samarthana karanAra kAla gaNunAnI gAthAo. AvAM sAdhanamAM avanInA te samayanA adhipatio ane temanA avantI paranA zatvakAlane jaNAvanArI "zrI merUtuMgAcAryuM "virAvalI athavA vicArazreNimAM ulekhelI (1) jainadharma mAnelA covIza tIrthakaromAMnA eka ane aMtima tIrthakara, je bauddhadharma. saMsthApaka zrI buddhanA samakAlIna hatA. (2) nirvANa eTale parinirvANa, kaivalya nahi. (3) jenA nAmathI hAla vikrama saMvata pravartI rahyo che te ujayinIne suprasiha rAjA. (4) jenI rAjadhAnI ujajayinI-avanti nagarI hatI ane je pAchaLathI "mAlava' nAme oLakhAya che, te bhAratane eka surasAla madhyavatI deza. (5) vikamanI caudamI sadImAM vidyamAna, prabandhacintAmaNi Adi prAthanA kartA acalagacchIya jainAcArya.

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chAtinuM Adhipatya kAla gaNunAnI gAthAo mukhya bhAga bhajave che. e suprasiddha gAthAo A pramANe che-- "jaM rayaNi kAlagao, arihA titthaMkaro mahAvIro / milivai (S), zizira pAra rAva . ? sI pAchAno, pachars (1)nata ta ghA aTThasayaM muriyANaM, tIsadhiya pUsamittassa (caannN)||2|| palamitta-mANumittA, saTThI varisANi catta nahabahaNe / tada amiSTAnna, tehavAre sAta II rU." _cAlu saMpradAya pramANe A upara seMdhAelI gAthAone artha A pramANe te A che - (6) A kAlagaNanAnI gAthA nA kartA koNa che tathA te mAre racAI hatI e viSe jenasAhityamAMthI kAMI paNa vA maLatuM nathI. tigmAlI patrakArane A gAthAomAMnI keTalI gAthAmAM uttarAdhane palaTavuM paDyuM che, jenuM ke , kadAca temane kAlagaNanA viSayaka asaMgati jaNAI hoya ema lAge che. paNa che tathA 5InayakAranA sAthI paNa prAcIna te che ja, kAraNake te 5chatrayaprakIrNaka tarIke temanA graMthamAM saMgrahAyelI che. vimanI pAMcamI sadInA AcArya sthavira himavaMte A gAthAone uga kare natha temane samaya bAda A gAthAonI racanA thaI haze ema ka95nA karI zakAya nahi kAraNake, mane pitAnI "gherAvalI'mAM avantinA rAjavaMzathI nahi paNa magadhanA rAjavaMzathI thelano prAraMbhika saMbaMdha rAkha hatA tethI temanAthI A gAthAone upaga karI zakAya tema na hatuM. "himavaMta therAlI'nA racanA thaI tenI pUrve A gAthAo racAyelI hatI, ema paNa sAdhananA abhAve kahevuM muzkela che, "tiththonAlI paInnayane racanA samaya acokkasa hovAthI tethI pUrve racAyelI A kathAone samaya nizcita karI zakAya tema nathI. vizeSa paryAlacana karatAM samajAya che ke, mAM gAthAomAM trIjI gAthA "mira' pachInI gAthA viramagAtatelavAsu ghAtawaf sukavevanutto, rimaiTA vinarAje'. A hevI joIe, ke jene ziprApArtha "zaka pachI vikramanuM rAjya, te pachI 13 varSe saMvata pravRtti ane vikramamRtyuthI jinanirvANa vacce 470 varSanuM aMtara' Ave hatuM. AcArya himavaMtanA samaya pUrve e cothI gAthAne artha saMdigdha ane vivAdamasta thaI gayA jeie. vikramarAjyAraMbha pachI temaNe rAjaprakaraNa cheDI dIdhuM che temAM paNa A eka kAraNa havA saMbhava che. keTalIka prakIrNaka gAthAonA pAThabhedamAM ane zrImerUtuMgasUrine "Nika prakAranI hAra: kAvara, e gAthAne arthe karavAmAM je rIta aMgIkAra karavI paDI che temAM paNa e saMdigdhatA ane vivAdagrastatA ja mULa kAraNa haze ema lAge che. anyathA "nabhovAhana rAjyathI 17 varSe vikramAdityanuM rAjya', rAjyAnaMtara tarata ja saMvatsara pravRtti' A artha te AcArya na ja kare. A sarve parathI ja jaaff0' Adi traNa gAthAo ane "mirajhAda' e gAthA vikramanA mRtyu pachI ane AcArya himavaMtanA samaya pUrve kyAreka racAI hevA saMbhava che. kadAca vikramanI pahelI bIjI. sadImAM A gAthAo racAI haze ane te trIjI cothI sadI pasAra thatAM na thatAM saMdigdha thaI vivAdagrasta banI gaI haze.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya Ahana mahAvIra tIrthakara je zarie nirvANa pAmyA te zatrie avantipati pAlaka rAjAne abhiSeka thayo. pAlakAjAnuM 60 varSa, nanuM 155 varSa, maunuM 108 va, puSyamitranuM 30 varSa, balamitra-bhAnumitranuM 60 varSa, navAhananuM 40 varSa, gaI. bilanuM 13 varSa ane zakanuM 4 varSa rAjaya hatuM." cAlu saMpradAya kAlagaNanAnI gAthAonA zabdArthane ja anusare che ane te mahAvIranirvANuthI vikramAdityanA rAjyAraMbha sudhInA kAlane 60+155+108+30+20 +40+13+4=470 varSano mAne che. AvI mAnyatA hovAnuM kAraNa anya game te he, paNa anumAnathI khAsa karIne e samajAya che ke, mahAvIranivIkAla ane vikamAla e bannenI vacce 470 varSanuM aMtara che ema spaSTa sUcavanArI vividhAre telavAnuM cApattA sunnamaNi veryajutto, vikkamakAlAo jiNakAlo // " A gAthA ane evI ja matalabanI anya gAthAo cAlu saMpradAyamAM ati pracalita hatI. vimaragA' e gAthAne zabdArtha AvI rIte thAya che. "vikramanA rAjya pachI tera varSe saMvatsaranI pravRtti thaI. vikramakAlathI jinakAla 470 vaSa yukta hate." cAluM saMpradAya jinakAla' e zabdArthane bhAva jinanivAraNa mAne che, tema "vikramakAla' e zabAIne bhAva vikamamRtyu ke "vikamAnyAMta' mAnatA nathI paNa vikramarAjya, eTale " vimarAcAra" mAne che. pariNAme vikrama rAja pAraMbha ja mahAvIranirvANanuM aMtara 470 varSa manAtAM jo pa ma A be kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo paNa mahAvIranirvANuthI vikamarAjapAraMbha sudhI 470 varSanA aMtarane kathana karatI mAnavAmAM AvI. mahAvIranirvANathI vikamarAjapAraMbha sudhI 470 varSanA aMtarane mAnanAre A saMprAya jainazamaNusavamAM samayanA vaheNanI sAthe vizeSa vyApaka ane pracchatimA banyA. pariNAme jainasAhityamAM kAlagaNunAnA prasaM bahudhA e saMpradAyanI mAnyatA ja anusaraNa thatuM rahyuM. vartamAnamAM paNa sau kaI e saM thAyane ja anusaratA ApaNe joIe chIe. zrI mahAvIranivaNathI vikramAdityare yAra 410 varSe thaye tene samarthana karanAra himavaMta zerAvalI Ama chatAM jANavA maLe che ke, "himavaMta therAvalI' nAmanA graMthazI sUcita eka bahu ja prAmANika samajAte be aitihAsika saMpradAya paNa mahAvaranirvANathI navamI sadInI lagabhaga sudhI astitva dharAvatuM hatuM, ke je mahAvIzanivaNa ane vikramarAjyAraMbha vacce 410 varSanuM aMtara mAnatAM cAlu saMpradAyanI parata 470 varSanA aMtaranI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya sAthe matabheda dharAvatuM hatuM. A matabheda pA " ane "-manu ' e gAthAonA abhiprAyane bhinna bhinna rIte samajavAthI jakhyo hato ke anya koI sAdhana dvArA jAmyo hato e spaSTa rIte samajavuM hAla ghaNuM ja muzkela che, paNa saMbhava che ke uparokta gAthAonA abhiprAyabhedane laI e matabheda janme heya. kalikAlasarvajJa samartha AcArya zrI hemacaMdrasUrIzvarajIe dazamA parva mahAvIra caritramAM ane pariziSTa parvamAM uparokta e bane saMpradAye matabheda ne che-prakArAntara sUcavyo che, e matabheda ane kAlagaNanAnI uparokta gAthAomAM je azuddhinI ane tenA aMge AvI paDatI keTalIka asaMgatinI saMbhAvanA kapAya che te koI paNa rIte dUra karI zakAya ema che ke kema e praznane khAsa lakSamAM laI " avanti paranuM Adhipatya' viSene A nibaMdha lakhavA huM prerAye chuM. "hiMmavaMta rAvalI'mAM AlekhAyelA mahatvajaya aitihAsika ulekhene sAthamAM rAkhI uparokta kAlagaNanAnI suprasiddha gAthAonI artha vicAraNA karatAM huM mArA A lekhane hetuM yogya rIte sAdhI zakuM ke na paNa sAdhI zakuM. kAraNake mAre A prayAsa prAthamika heI joItAM anyAnya sAdhanAnI bahuja nyUnatAvALe che. eka prayAsa tarIke ja A prayAsa huM karI rahyo chuM, ema A lekhanA vAMcake samaje evI mArI temane ane A viSayanA vizeSane khAsa bhalAmaNa () mahAvIra caritra AlekhatAM dazamA parvamAM zrI hemacandrasUrijI lakhe che ke - 'asmannirvANato varSa-zatAnyabhaya SoDaza / navaSaSTizca yAsyanti, yadA tatra pure tdaa| kumArapAlo bhuupaal-shcaulukykulcndrmaaH| bhaviSyati mahAbAhuH prcNddaakhNddshaasnH|| ji. . . . urSa 20. sa 2. so chapA karI vIranirvANathI 18 varSe kumArapAlarAjAne rAjyAraMbha thayo hato ema A loke kahe che. cAlu saMpradAya kumArapAlane rAjyAraMbha vikrama saMvata 1199mAM mAne che, e hIsAbe mahAvIranivAraNa vikramasaMvata vaccenuM aMtara 1669-1199=470 ja Ave. vetAmbarAsnAyamAM e mAnyatA sarvasammata che ke, vikramasaMvata vikrame pite pRthvIne anRNa karI potAnA rAjyanA AraMbhane aMka mukI pravartAvyo hato. e pravRtti eNe potAnA rAjyanA teramA varSe karI hatI ema "te savAre ghajIrAvo' e prakIrNakagAthAnuM caraNa kahe che ane tenuM huM AgaLa jatAM samarthana karavAne chuM. uparokta rIte AcArya cAlu saMpradAyanA matane sUcavatA jaNAya che, tyAre pariziSTa parvamAM- gva zrImalAvara murAre ja prajJAcAra , zobhavAnu ' riziSTa saf 8 goLa rU. A lokathI morya candraguptane rAjyAbhiSeka mahAvIranirvANuthI 155 varSe lakhe che. cAlu saMpradAya candraguptane rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 215 varSe mAne che tenAthI A samaya 60 varSa pUrve che. eTale cAlu saMpradAyamAM vikramarA jyAraMbha ma.ni. 470 varSe Ave che te hemacasarijhanA mate ma.ni. 40 varSe AvA joIe ke jevI rIte AcArya himavaMta pitAnI tharAvalImAM lakhe che. cAlu kaMpradAyathI A bhinna mata che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya che. zrI zramasaMghane te vinaMtI karuM chuM ke, te mArA A lekhane cAlu saMpradAyathI bhinna evA eka, mahAvIranivaNa ane vikramarAjyAraMbha vacce 410 varSanuM aMtara mAnavAvALA saMpradAyanI dizA (zIvanAra tarIke ja samaje. mahAvIra nirvANu ane pAlaka rAjyAbhiSeka. (ma. vi. saM. 0, vi. saM. pU 410, I. sa. pU. 467.) kAlagaNanAnI "ka pafo' e prathama gAthAmAM mahAvIranirvANa ane pAlakano pratipati tarIkeno rAjyAbhiSeka e be ghaTanAo ekaja samaye banI hatI e ulekha karavAmAM Avyo che te, mahAvIranirvANa ane vikramarAjyAraMbha e be banAve vAmanuM sAmayika aMtara mApavA mATe mahAvIranirvANa samakAlIna eka viziSTa ghaTanAne cekasa bindu tarIke rAkhI avantinA adhipatio ane temanA avanti paranA rAjatyakAlanA pravAha vikramaNiyAraMbha sudhInI eka sIdhI saLaMga rekhA doravAnA hetuthI ja karyo chegAthAnA thayitAe A rekhAnuM sAmayika agrabindu pAlakane rAjyAbhiSeka thayo mu, tyAre tenuM pazcAta bindu, mahAvIranirvANanA samaye thaelA pAlakanA rAjyAliyo "chI jaaro' ane 'Rbira' e gAthAomAM nedhelA avaninA adhipatienA rAjatvakAla jeTalo samaya vItyA bAda, arthAt zakavijetA vikramane sAraMbha thayo tyAM rAkhyuM che. mahAvIranirvANathI vikramarAjajyAraMbha sudhI mapAtA aMtaranA badhA samayamAM jainatvanI daSTie ane rAjakIya mahattavanI daSTie avantinuM sthAna eka rIte AgaLa paDatuM hatuM ane mahAvIranirvANa samaye ja tyAM pAlakane rAjyAbhiSeka thayo hate e anukulatAne jhaDapI laI gAthAkAre pite deravA dhArelI rekhAnuM agrabindu goThavavAmAM bhAre kauzalya vAparyuM che. AthI ja khUba mahatvabharI neMdha levAne mATe eka AkhI gAthA # ofba' rokavI paDI che te paNa uparokta spaSTIkaraNathI sahaja samajAze. bamaNu bhagavAna mahAvIra tathA caMDaprotanuM saMkSipta avataraNa ahiM zrImahAvIra ane temanA samayamAM vartamAna paristhiti viSe tathA pAlakanA pUrvagAmI mahArAjA pradyota viSe ati saMkSepathI kAMIka avataraNa ApavuM e prasaMgopAta che. ane kAMIka Avazyaka paNa che, tethI te ApIe chIe. jana sAhityathI jANavA maLe che ke, zrImahAvIra magadhanA pUrva sImA pradezamAM aAvela hariyaDagAma nagaramAM siddhArtha rAjAnI rANI trisalAdevInA udare jamyA hatA. | (che keTalAka arvAcIna saMzodhake videhanI vaizAlInA eka vibhAga tarIke kSatriyakuDajhAmanagarane bane che, paNa jIna graMthakAre ane sarva jaina paraMparA laccha-ATha gAma, ke je pUrva bihAramAM AvelA gilora mAkayula sTezanathI pazcimamAM ATha keza para AveluM che, tyAM mAne che. koI koI lekhaka

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya teo IvAkuvaMzanA ane jJAnakulanA hatA. vaizAlInA gaNa-mahArAjA ceTakanA teo bhANeja hatA. ceTakarAjAnI kanyAo udAyana vigere moTA moTA rAjakartAone paraNI hatI, tene laI te rAjavIe temanA sagAsaMbaMdhI hatA. 30 varSa gRhasthAvAsamAM rahI aMte sarvasavane tyAga karI temaNe zramaNadharma svIkAryo hate. temanuM chadmastha jIvana 12 varSa ane kevalI jIvana 30 varSa hatuM. 72 varSanuM AyuSya bhogavI kArataka vadI amAvAsyA ( gujarAtI Aso vadI amAvAsyA) nI rAtrie teo magadha dezanI madhyamAM pApA-apApApurI (pAvApurI ) mAM nirvANa pAmyA hatA. A lekhamAM savIkArAyelI kAlagaNanAnusAra-mahAvIra janma ma. ni. pU. 72 (vi. saM. 5 482, I. sa. 5 539), mahAvIra dIkSA ma. ni. pU.42 (vi. saM. pU. 45ra, i. sa. 5.509), mahAvIra kevalajJAna ma, vi. pU. 30 (vi. saM. 5. 440, I. sa. 5. 497), mahAvIra nirvANa ma. ni. 5. 0 (vi. saM. pU. 410, I. sa. pU. 467) varSe Ave che. zrI mahAvIranA zramaNa jIvana daramiyAna virahanI vaizAlImAM ceTaka, siMdhu sauvIhanA vItaSayapaTTAmAM utAyana, kuNAlanI zrAvastImAM jitazatru, magadhanI rAjagRhImAM lacha-ADane sthApanA "kSatriyakuMDa' tIrtha tarIke hevAnI vAta kare che ane tenA samarthanamAM aneka kAraNe raju kare che paNa mArI samaja pramANe te kAraNe-hetuo dUSita hoI A viSenuM temanuM anumAna aAbhAsa mAtra che. jJAtakhaMDavanamAM dIkSA aMgIkAra karI tyAMthI vihAra karIne mahAvIra kramazaH kamaragrAma, kalAaniveza ane mArA sannivezamAM gayA hatA. A sthaLe ane anyatra vicarI pharI pAchA bhagavAna sAmAthA para mArI AvyA hatA ne tyAMthI comAsAmAM ja asthikajhAma gayA hatA. A badhAM sthaLa gaMgA nadInA dakSiNa pradezamAM ja AvelAM hatAM. kamaragAmathI kellAga AvI tyAM bhagavAne dIkSA samayanA nuM pAraNuM karyuM hatuM. A kalAga te ja hatuM ke jayAM AvI mahAvIre rAjagRhInAlaMdAnA bIjA comAsA bAda 5NuM pAraNuM karyuM hatuM. banne vakhate pAraNuM karAvanAra eka ja vyakti-bahula brAhmaNa hato. karmAdamAma ane nAlaMdA vaccenuM aMtara lagabhaga cAlIzeka mAIla haze ane te bannenA lagabhaga madhyamAM chellAga sanniveza paDato haze. bhagavAna mahAvIra prAtaHkAlathI madhyAhna sudhImAM vIza pacIza mAIla vihAra kare te mAnavAmAM azakya jevuM kAMI paNa nathI. mahAvIranAtaSatra kamaragrAmathI lAga na jaI zake ema mAnI laI kSatriya kaDagrAma nagarane gaMgAnadInA uttaramAM AvelI vaizAlImAM dhakelI devAnI koI jarUriyAta nathI. jena lekhake vANijyagrAmane vaizAlI sAthe ane nAlaMdAne rAjagRhI sAthe saMbaMdhita lakhyAM che, paNa temaNe koI sthaLe kSatriya kuDajhAmanagarane vaizAlI sAthe sabadhita lakhyuM nathI. potAnA bhANeja mahAvIranA mATe banatA mahatvanA prasaMgoe ceTaka mahArAjA khAtA nathI; ethI paNa samajAya che ke vaizAlI ane kSatriyakuDajhAmanagara atyanta najIka nahi paNa jaina paraMparA mAne che tema ghaNAM ja cheTAM che. jainasatrakAre siddhArtha rAjAnuM ane tenA nagara kSatriyakuDagrAmanuM je varNana kare che te parathI samajAya che ke, e rAjAnuM rAjya svatantra gaNarAja che ane tenuM nagara prAdezika rAjanagara che. zrI mahAvIrane sarakAre "vidha vijehAda' AdithI athavA kavacita

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya zreNika, vatsanI kauzAmbImAM zatAnIka-udayana, aMganI campAmAM vivAhana-araDu ane avantinI avanti (ujajayinI)mAM caMDa prota, e rAjA mahArAjAe rAjya karatA hatA. vaidika sAhitya-purANe AmAMnA keTalAka rAjAone rAjavaMza ane rAjatvakAla nedhe che, paNa janasAhitya ane bauddha sAhitya te khapa puratI prAsaMgika hakIkatene ja dhI sateSa mAne che. ane tethI te hakIkata parathI anumAna karI purANenI nedhadvArA zakaya samarthanathI te rAjAonI koI koI bAbatane samaya nirNaya karavuM paDe tema che. caMDapradyotanA aMze keTalI ya hakIkate neMdhanAra jaina sAhitya zreNika vigerenA samayanI jema tenA samaya viSe paNa kAMI bolatuM nathI. phakta tenuM mRtyu mahAvIra nirvANanA samaye thayuM hatuM eTalI sAmAyika nedha te ApaNane Ape che, e sadbhAgya che. kAraNa ke, saMkhyAbaMdha puSyamitro ane anya vidyamIonA hAthe naSTa thaelA jaina sAhityamAMthI je kAMI thoDuM ghaNuM paNa evuM jANavA maLe che ke je etihAsika draSTie ati mahatvanuM che te mATe emaja belavuM rahyuM. AdithI ulekhe che, tenuM kAraNa sUtrakAronI najaramAM mahAvIranuM jAtigaurava taravarI rahyuM che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke, mahAvIranI tIrthapravRddhi mAM mesALa pakSanI lAgavage paNa amuka bhAga bhajavyo che. guptavaMzanA samudraguNAdi rajAo * jinavidhi kiva' ne ullekha karI potAnI mahattAmAM vadhAro karatA hatA, tema sUtrakAroe , tivini zabdo vaDe jJAta ane jJAnakulAdithI mahAna varNavelA mahAvIranA viziSTa jAti varNanathI temanI mahattAmAM vadhAro karavA prayatna karyo che. jena paraMparA che. vidhAre ane hAtha e zabdomAMthI videha deza ke vaizAlI nagarI sacaka bhAva tAravatI nathI. te e zabdone artha viziSTa : vAna, videhAthI salAtrithI jAta dehavAna ane vizAla mAta-kula-vacanAdimAna Avo ja kare che. Ane paraMparAthI karAte artha tajI dai anya artha karavAnuM kAraNa TIkAkArane maLyuM nathI te pachI koIpaNa lekhake paraMparAne anusaratA emane doSa de nakAme che. TIkAkAroe "jide jigare' Adi zabdonA karelA arthane asaMgata TharAva pUrve e sAbIta thavuM joIe ke, kSatriyakuNane amuka samaye amuka kAraNe ane amuka samudAye vaizAlInA sthAna para tIrtha tarIke kAyama rAkhI ke jatuM karI tene sthApanA tIrtha tarIke lara-ADamAM sthApyuM hatuM, anyathA sthApanA tIrthanI ka95nA karI mULa kSatriyakuNa tIrthane vaizAlInA eka vibhAgamAM laI javuM emAM taraMga sivAya bIjuM kAMIpaNa nathI. keTalAka taraphathI evI kalpanA karavAmAM Ave che ke, jene satrakAree mahAvIrane matavikAthI tyAM bIjA comAsAnuM sthaLa je rAjagRhI jatAM surabhipura AgaLa gaMgAnadI pAra karatA AlekhyAM che. je mahAvIranI janmabhUmi kSatriyakajhAma gaMgAnadInI dakSiNamAM hota te asthikagrAmanA pahelA comAsA bAda vetavikA tarapha jatAM gaMgAnadI pAra karavI paDe ja ane tene ulekha 5Na satrakAroe karyo hota. paNa te koI ullekha na hovAthI mahAvIranI janmabhUmi gaMgAnA dakSiNa pradezamAM hevI na joIe. A paNa brAnti ja che. e bhUlI javAya che ke, vetaviyAthI rAjagRhI jatAM gaMgA pAra karavAno ullekha kaI viziSTa banAvavA aMge karavAmAM Avyo che, anyathA sUtrakAroe gaMgA ke anya kaI nadI pAra karavAnA ulekhe nepyA ja nathI. asthikagrAmathI merAma AvI vevikA tarapha

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya caMDapradyota e ceTaka mahArAjAne jamAI ane vatsarAja udayanane samare te hate. moTuM sainya dharAvanAre, atiparAkramI ane AkramaNa vRttivALo e zava vaNita nItinI mAnasika zithilatAvALa jaina sAhityamAM neMdhAyuM che. enuM mukhya nAma "mahAsena" hatuM. eka vizAla rAjyane e svAmI hatA. enuM rAjya sidhu-sauvIra, apantanI pelI pAra sAgara taTa, vidhyAcala, magadha, vatsa ane saurasenano uttara sImADe, A sarvanA vacagALe patharAIne paDayuM hatuM. badhI rIte te bahu samUha hato. mahAvIra nirvANanI rAtrie tenuM mRtyu thatAM avantinA siMhAsana para tenA putra pAlakano rAjA bhiSeka thayo hato. jatAM uparokta surabhipura AgaLa athavA tenI AjubAju gagAnadI pAra karI ja hovI joIe. pachI bhalene tene ulekha sUtramAM ApaNane na paNa maLe. mArAkathI matavikA jatAM gaMgAnadI pAra karavAmAM AvI nathI e saMdigdhahetu hoI tenAthI kSatriyakuNDanuM gaMgAnA uttaramAM havA viSe je anumAna karavuM e anumAnAbhAsa che. - e vAta kharI che ke kSatriyakuNagrAma nagara e kaI prasiddha dezanI rAjadhAnI nathI, te prAdezika rAjadhAnI che. A nagaranuM sthAna evI jagAe AveluM che ke, tene lagatA pradeza videha, magadha ke aMgamAM kayAM samAviSTa karavo e nizcayathI kahevuM muzkela che. saMbhava che ke e pradezanA pUrva bhAga aMgamAM ane pazcimabhAga magadhamAM samAta haze. nizcayathI to jJAnI bahuzrute kahe te kharuM. keTalAka saMzodhake, sUtrakAroe siddhArthane 'tti' ane trisalAne "riyA tarIke saMkhyA che, te tarapha ApaNuM dhyAna kheMcI ema manAvavA mathe che ke, mahAvIranA pitA siddhArtha e eka sAre mobho dharAvanAra kauTumbika kSatriya jAgIradAra hatA paNa temane e prayatna vyartha ja che. rAjAne mATe "kSatti' zabda vAraMvAra vAparavAno hetu tene sAmAnya kSatriya tarIke jaNAvavA nahi, paraMtu tenAmAM raheluM atiprAcIna maulika zuddha kSatriyanta jaNAvavAne mATe che. hAM, e vAta kharI che, siddhArtha e kaI meTA dezane mahArAjA nathI, paNa prAdezika rAjA che. bhalene, te jamAnAmAM vi'kulanA anya sAmAnya jAgIradAra leke pitAne rAjA tarIke oLakhAvatA haze, paNa siddhArtha rAjanuM rAjatva savizeSa hatuM te sUtrakAronA ' nA' sahitatA vigere varNanathI samajAya che. siddhArtha rAjA ane tene meTo putra naMdivardhana rAjA e mantrI Adi vargathI rItasara rAjyAdhiSita thayelA che ane teo svatra rIte rAjyavahIvaTa calAvatA hatA evuM paNa sUcana sUtrakAranA varNanathI thatuM hoya ema samajAya che. AvI sthitimAM ceTaka mahArAjAnA adhikAravALI je vaizAlI nagarI che. tene eka vibhAga kSatriyakuThagrAma nagara na je hoI zake e svAbhAvika che. kharekhara, brAhmaNukaDagAmathI pazcimamAM ke uttaramAM Avela kSatriyakagrAma vaizAlIthI koI paNa saMbaMdha vagaranuM gharanuM eka rAjanagara hatuM ke jema jemaparaMparA mAne che. - siddhArtha athavA tenA pUrva je pahelAM vaizAlImAM rahetA hoya ane pAchaLathI gibbIra ekanA pradezamAM AvI tyAM kSatriyakuragrAma vasAvI temaNe potAnuM svataMtra rAjya sthApyuM hoya, ema jANe panA karIe to nA ' ane "hire' Adi padone artha. jevI rIte paka rAjA kare che tema karI zakIe, paNa TIkAkAroe karelA arthathI e bhinna arthe karavAmAM ja jatana parA maLane joIe ke je maLatuM nathI, tethI jaina paraMparAnA zaraNe ja javuM zreyAra che

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pAza pAvaza 60 varSabha. ni. 0-1. [vi. sa. 5. 410-350, 6. sa. 5. 467-407 ] kAlagaNanAnI bIjI gAthAnA prathama caraNamAM pAlaka rAjAne rAjatvakAla 60 varSa sanyo che. sAyanAnI ||thaamaa sUtrAmA pAthI matikSita banI cha * vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipatti' se nyAyAnusAra senA bhAvArtha 42 the, paNa te tenu sIdhuM vyAkhyAna jaNAtuM nathI. chatAM jaina graMtha-Avazyaka niryukti vigerenA ulalekhethI samajAya che ke, pAlaka rAjAnAM 60 varSa e ekalA pAlakanAM nahi, paNa tenAM ane tenA pachI AvanArA tenA vaMzajenAM maLIne che. A hakIkatane spaSTa karanAra jaina graMthanA "uleene bhAvArtha A pramANe che (9) ajJAto padhAnatAnA saMbaMdhamAM Avazyaka niyuktimAM nIce ApelI be saMgrahagAthAo che - "kosaMbi ajiaseNo dhammavasU dhammaghosa dhmmjso| vigayabhayA viNayavai IDDhivibhUsAi parikamme // ujjeNivaMtIvaddhaNa pAlayasuyaravaddhaNe ceva / dhAriNIvaMtIseNe maNippabho bacchagAtIre' // A be gathi enI vyAkhyA karatAM cUrNikAra vigeree prAsaMgika itihAsa raju karyo che. temanuM valaNa itihAsa karatAM AcAra nirUpaNanI bAbatamAM savizeSa hoya e svAbhAvika che, ane tethI temaNe nadheilI etihAsika bAbatamAM matabheda jovAmAM Ave che. avantivardhana ane rASTravadhana e bane pAlakanA putro hatA ema niyukti ane AvazyarNi jaNAve che, chatAM zrI darzanavijayajI (tripuTI) kahe che tema, kavacita temane gopAlakanA putro noMdhyA hoya to te banavA joga che. A viSayanA jaina ullebamAMthI AvazyakacUrNine ullekha A pramANe che - "kosaMbI nagarI, ajitaseNo rAyA, dhAriNIdevI. dhammaghaggU AyariyA, tANaM do sIsA dhammaghoso ya dhammajaso ya, vigatabhayA mahattarikA viNayavatI sIsiNikkA, tIe bhattaM paJcakkhAta, saMgheNa mahatA iDIe nijAmitA vibhAsA, dhammavaggusIsA dovi parikamma kareti / ___ ito ya ujjeNIye pajjotasutA doNi-pAlao gopAlao ya, gopAlao pavvaito, pAlago rajje Thito, tasla do puttA-raja (B . Mondi memanA 5 vAmAM Ave che anyatra 544 sabhA 54 che) paddhaNo avaMtivaddhaNo ya, pAlako avaMtivaddhaNaM rAjANaM rajjA vaddhaNaM juvarAyANaM ThavettA pavvaito, rajjavaddhaNassa bhanjA dhAriNI, tIse putto avaMtiseNo aNNadA avaMtiSaddhaNo rAyA dhAriNIe ujANe vIsatthAe savvaMgAI daTaNaM ajjhobabaNNo, dUtI visajitA, sA Necchati, puNoM peseti, toe ahAbhAveNa bhaNitaM-bhAtukassavina lajjati? teNa so mArito, vibhAsA, taMmi viyAle sagANi AbharaNANi gahAya kosaMbi satyo baccati tattha egasta sar3egasta vANiyagassa allINA gatA, kosaMbIe saMjatINa pucchittA vasahi, raNNo jANasAlAe ThitAo, tattha gatA, vaMdittA sAvikatti pagvAttA pucchAsuddhA, tIseya gabbho ahuNovaSaNNo vaDDhati, mA Na pavvAvehititti taM Na akhAtaM, pacchA NAte maharikAe pucchitA, tAe sabbhAvo kathito jaha rahabaddhaNabhajAha, saMjatimajhe appasArikaM acchAvitA, viAvitA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya pAlakane ge pAlaka nAme bhAI hite, ke je ceTakara jAnI putrI ane caMDapradyotanI rANI zivAdevIne putra hatuM, teNe pAchaLathI cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM hatuM ane tethI pAlakano avantimAM rAjyAbhiSeka thayo hato. A pAlakane be putro hatA:-avantivardhana ane vardhana. pAlakanA pachI avanivardhana gAdI para Avyo ne rASTravardhana yuvarAjapade sthapAyo. rASTravardhanane avantiSeNa nAme putra hatuM, enI mAtA dhAriNI paranI viSayelAlasAne laI avanitavadhane nAnA bhAI rASTravardhanane vadha karyo. dhAriNI nAzI chUTI ne te kaI sAthe sAthe vatsanI kauzAmbImAM pahoMcI gaI, tyAM teNe cAritra aMgikAra karyuM. prathamathI AdhAnavatI tene tyAM putra thaya; te rAjamahelanI najIkamAM sAvacetIthI mukAtAM tyAMnA ajitasena rAjAnA hAthamAM gaye, ane tenI aputravatI paTarANInA putra tarIke maNiprabhanA nAme uchera. ajitasena pachI e maNiprabha kauzAmbInA rAjasiMhAsane AvyuM. A tarapha bhrAtAnuM mRtyu thayuM ane tenI strI dhAriNI hastagata na thaI ethI virakta thaelA avantivardhane cAritra lIdhuM. A pachI rASTravardhanane putra avatiSeNa avantinA rAjapade Avyo. eNe maNi prabhanA rAjyakALa vakhate kayAreka kauzAmbI para AkramaNa karyuM, paraMtu dhAriNI sAdhvInA ratti, sAdhuNoNaM mA uDDAho hohititti, tAhe sA aMteuraM atItI. nAmamuddA AbharaNANi ya ukvaNittA raNo aMgaNae ThavettA pacchaNNe acchati, ajitaseNeNa AgAsatale gateNaM pabhA maNINaM diTThA, gahito ya'NeNaM. aggamahisIe diNNo, soya aputto, sA saMjatIhiM pucchitA bhaNati-udANakaM jAtaMti, vikicitaM, khaIyaM hohititti, tAhe sA ateuraM atIti NItI ya, aMtepurikAhiM samaM mittayA jAyA, tassa maNippabhotti nAma kataM. so rAyA mato, maNipabho rAyA jAto, so ya tIe saMjatIe dhAriNIe NehaM vahati / so ya avaMtivaddhaNo pacchAttAveNa bhAtAvi morito sA devI na jAyatti bhAtuNeheNa ya avaMtiseNassa rajja dAtUNa pavvaito / so ya maNippamaM kappA maggati so ya Na deti, tAhe sabbabaleNaM kosaMbIM pdhaavito| te ya dovi aNakArA parikrame samatte eko citetti jayA viNayavatIe iDDhI tathA mamavi hotutti nagare bhattaM paJcakkhAti. bitio dhammajaso vibhUsaM necchaMto kosaMbIe ujjeNIe aMtarA vattha (ccha) kAtIre pavvatakaMdarApa ekattha bhattaM paJcakkhAti / tAhe teNaM avaMtiseNeNaM kosaMbI rohitA, tattha jaNo ya appae addaNNo na koti dhammaghosassa alli. yati, soya patthittamatthamalabhamANo kAlagato, vArehiM nippheDo na labbhatitti pAgArassa uvarieNa eDito, sA pabghAtikA ciMteti-mA jaNakkhayo hotutti rahassaM bhidAmi, aMtepuraM atigatA, maNippabhaM uslAritA bhaNati-kiM bhAtueNa samaM kalahesi ? so bhaNati-kahati ? tAhe savvaM parivADIe kaheti, jadi na pattiyasi mAtaraM pucchAdhi, pucchati tIe NAtaavassa rahassabhedo jAotti,kahitaM jathAvattaM,ravaddhaNasatigANi ya AbharaNANi ya nAmamuddAya dAiyA, pattIto bhaNati-jadi bhosarAmi tA mama ajaso, bhaNati-taMpi bohehi, evaM hotutti niggatA, avaMtiseNassa Nivedita-pavvaikA daTTamicchati, atigatA, pAde daTaThUNa NAtA aMgapaDicArikAhi tAu pAdapaDitAo paruNNAu~, kahitaM tava mAtatti, sovi pAdapaDito

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pAlaka vaMza kathanathI maNiprabha sAthe bhrAtA tarIke saMbaMdha tenA jANavAmAM AvatAM te zAMta thaze. banne bhAIo premapUrvaka maLyA ane asitagirinA raste avani tarapha javA temaNe prayANa karyuM. Ama avanti ane vatsanAM e be rAjya eka ja vaMzanI chatrachAyAmAM AvI gayAM. ane temane kaI kaI vAra AvI paho athaDAmaNIne prasaMga keTalAka samayane bhATe bhara gayA." "avanirAjane pATalIputranA udAyI rAjA prati asahanazIlatA hatI tethIudAyIe eka rAjAne rAjyabhraSTa karyo hato ane nAsI jatAM rastAmAM mRtyu pAmyo hato evA tenA putrane teNe mulAkAta ApI udAyIne sAdhavAnI bAbatamAM saMmati ApI hatI, paraMtu e rAjaputre aneka upAyamAM niSphaLa jata chevaTe jaina sAdhunA veze e dhArmikarAjAnuM khuna karyuM tyAre tenA e kRtya mATe avanirAje bhAre aNagame ane tiraskAra batAvyuM hatuM." AvI rIte jainasAhitya prAsaMgika hakIkata tarIke pAlaka pachI avantivardhana, avaprunnnno, tassavi sadhaM kaheti esa te bhAtA, dovi bAhi militA, avaropparaM avadAsetUNa paruNNA, kaMci kAlaM kosaMbIe acchitA dovi ujjeNI padhAvitA mAtAvi saha maharikAhiM nItA jAva bacchagAtoraM pattANi, tAhe je tami jaNapadami sAdhuNo te baMdae otaraMte vi. laggaMte ya daLUNaM pucchaMti, tAhe tAhivi vaMdito, bitidivase rAyA padhAvito, tAo bhaNati-bhattapaJcakkhAtao ettha tA amhe acchAmo, tAhe te dobi rAyANo ThitA dive dive mahimaM kareMti, kAlagatA, evaM te gayA rAyANo, evaM tassa aNicchamANassavi jAtA, itarasta icchamANassa na jAtA pUA. // " [Avazya:-yUli ( uttarAdha ) 5. 188 thA 141] __ " so udAyI tattha Thito rajja bhujati, so ya rAyA te daMDe abhikkhaNaM 2 olaggA veti, te citeMti-kiha na hojjA to etAe dhADIe muJcijjAmotti, ito ya-egassa rAyANagasta kahiMci avarAhe rajje hitaM, to rAyA naho, tassa putto bhamaMto ujjeNie bhAgato ekaM rAyANakaM olaggati, so ya bahuso paribhavati udAissa, tAhe so rAyasuto pAde paDio viNNaveti-ahaM tassa pIrtipiyAmi navari mama bitijjao hojmAsi, teNa paDissutaM, gato pAiliputtaM. bAhirikAmajimikAabhaMtarikAsu parisAsu olaggitUNa chidaM alabhamANo sAhuNo atIMti, te atIyamANe NijjAyamANe pecchati, tAhe ekassa Ayariyasla mUle pacahato, teNa savvA parisA ArAhitA tamayA jAtA rAyA aTThamicAuisIsu posahaM kareti, tattha AyarikAvi atiti dhammakahAnimittaM, aNNadA vekAlika AyariyA bhaNaMti-gehaha uvakaraNa, rAulaM atImo, tAhe so sarati udvito gahitaM uvagaraNa, puvasaMgovitA ya kaMkalohakattikA sAvi gahitA, pacchaNNaM katA, atigatA rAyakulaM, ciraM dhammo kahito AyariyA pAsuttA, rAyAvi, teNa udvettA raNNe sIse nivesiyA, tattheva aTTike laggA, niggato, ThANahattAdhi na vAreti pravaItaovi, rudhireNa AyarikA chikkA, pecchaMti rAyA vivADito, mA pavayaNassa uDDAho hohititti AloItapaDiskatA appaNA tIsaM chidaMti, tevi kAlagatA sovi evaM // [ Avazya-yUli ( uttarA) 5. 178-180 ] .

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12 avaMtinuM Adhipatya tiSeNa ane maNiprabhanI neMdha le che. emane pratyekane rAjatvakAla ane emanA vaMzanI samAptinAM kAraNe tathA tene samaya e viSe A sAhityamAMthI kAMI paNa maLatuM nathI. paraMtu purANe pAlaka ane tenI pachInA rAjAonI neMdha levA uparAMta temanA rAjatvakAlanI ane pAlavaMzanA rAjyata nI paNa seMdha le che. jo ke pAlaka pachInA rAjAonAM nAmamAM ane temanAM rAjatvakAlanA varSomAM purANenI aMdara-paraspara tathA pATha bhedane laI pratyeka purANamAM paNa avyavasthA jovAmAM Ave che, chatAM tenI amukAze upagitA maTatI nathI. saMkalana karanAra temAMthI ya keTaluMka satya tAravI jaina sAhityanA ullekha samarthana karI zake ema che. jena kAlagaNanA mahAvIranirvANa samakAlIna pAlakanA rAjyAbhiSekathI zarU thAya che, jyAre purANe pAlakanA pitA pradyotathI A vaMzanI zarUAta karI pAlakane pradyotavaMzI kahe che avantinA vatietra vaMzanA chellA rAjA ripaMjayane mArI tenA maMtrI pulike (sunika, munika, punaka nAma paNa e rAjAnuM pAThabhedathI ke anya purANathI maLI Ave che.) pitAnA bAlaka putra pradyotane avantinI-ujajayinInI gAdI para besADe, ema majyAdi purA kahe che.* pitAnA svAmIne mArI nAkhavAnA kRtadanI kRtyathI pradyota ane tenA anugAmIone avagaNanAnI daSTie jotAM keIka sthaLe temane "auna" tarIke paNa oLakhAvyA che. A protavaMzane rAjatvakAla purANomAM bhinna bhinna rIte seMdhAyuM che. masyapurANu AkhA pratavaMzano rAjatvakAla 152 varSa lakhe che, paraMtu temAM ApelI sAlavArIthI te 138 varSa thAya che. jemake -pulikaputra (vAyupurANane prota) 23 varSa pAlaka 24 varSa, vizAkhayU5 50 varSa, sUryaka (vAyupurANane ajaka) 21 varSa ane nanTivardhana 20 varSa, arthAta; A sAlavArIne saravALe 23+24+50+21+20=138 thAya che. eka lekhaka matsya purANanA ja AdhAre 155 varSa ane bIjA purANenA AdhAre 125 varSa lAge che. jyAre bIjo lekhaka purANanA ja AdhAra-pradyota 15 varSa, pAlaka (10) bRhadratheSvatIteSu, vItihoneSvavantiSu // pulikaH svAminaM hatvA, svaputrarmAbhapekSyati // miSatAM kSatriyANAM ca, bAlakaH pulikodbhvH| sa vai praNatasAmanto, bhaviSyo nyvrjitH|| rohiMsaka rAjA, vitA va noramA turvivAranA rasanA, 4 mAtA tataH | vizAkhayUpo bhavitA, nRpaHpaMcAzatI smaaH| ekaviMzatsamA rAjA, sUryakastu bhaviSyati // bhaviSyati samA viMzat, tatsuto naMdivardhanaH / dvipaMcAzata tato bhuktvA, praNaSTAH iaa che : . (mArA pudeg). + sunikaH svAminaM hatvA putraM samabhiSekSyati / miSatAM kSatriyANAM hi, pradyotaH suniko uo || (vaNu puru) * pArvirAtrimAM rAi, agArA aviSyati (vAyu go ). * aSTAtriMzacchataM bhAvyAH, pradyotAH paMca te sutAH / (pAThAntaram saMbhavataH) (11) ja. A. bI. pI. sa. pu. 1 pR. 108 (prAcIna bhAratavarSa) (12) hiM. hI. 50 494 thI 45 (prAcIna bhAratavarSa)

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pAlaka vaMza 23 varSa, vizAkhayuba (5) 35 varSa, janaka 30 varSa ane na%i 20 varSa, ema neMdhI 124 (gaNatarIthI 123 thAya che.) sauravarSa uparokta pAMca pradyotanAM lakhe che. matsyapurANa pradyotane rAjatvakAla 23 varSa lakhe che, purANanA AdhAre ke lekhaka 24 varSa ke 15 varSa lakhe che; paraMtu zrI mahAvIranA gRhasthAzramamAM, eTale zrI mahAvIranA nirvANathI 44 varSa pahelAM, zreNika ane A pradyota zrImahAvIramAM cakavatI paNAnI saMbhAvanAthI temanI sevAmAM hAjarI ApatA hatA teo zrImahAvIrane virakta jotAM baMdha paDayA. AvA prakAranA jainasAhityagata ullekhathI ane pradyota bAlaka paNAmAM ja tenA pitAthI abhiSikta karAyuM hatuM evA prakAranuM kathana vADha pUri evA zabdathI matsyapurANa karatuM hovAthI A pradyotane rAjatvakAla 23 varSa karatAM ghaNo ja vadhAre hevA saMbhava che. ane te 44 varSa karatAM oche te nathI ja pulike pite rAjayArUDha na thatAM potAnA bAlaka pradyotane rAjyArUDha karyo hato ema purANe kahe che, chatAM pakeIka sthaLe pulikane 26 varSa rAjatvakALa jaNAvavAmAM Ave che te rAjA tarIkeno nahi paNa rAjasUtranA sarva saMcAlaka vaDIla tarIkeno ja hovA saMbhava che. pulikanA jIvaMtakAlanAM e 26 varSa pradyotanAja rAjatvakAlanAM gaNatAM ane pradyotanAM rAjatvakAlanAM je 23 varSa lakhAyAM che temAM tene umeratAM pradyotano rAjavaMkAla 26+13=49 thAya che. A hisAbe protane rAjatvakAla mahAvIra nivaNa pUrve 49 thI 0 (vi saM. pU. 459-410, I. sa. pU 516467) hato ema nakkI thAya che. (13) prAcIna hiMdanI vaMzAvalImAM zrI sItAnAtha pradhAna pradyotanAM rAjavarSa I. sa. pU. 514499 ema 24 varSa vAyu ane matsya pramANe Ape che. (14) tAhe seNiyapajjoyAdayo kumArA paDigatA, Na esa cakitti / [ Avazyaka-cUrNi (pUrvArdha) pR. 249.] mahAvIrane virAga spaSTa jaNAyA pachI zreNikAdi cAlyA gayA; te pachI mahAvIra ane prota 44 varSa jIvaMta hatA.-viraktavartanane gRhasthAzrama 2 varSa, chaghasthajIvana 12 varSa, kevalIjIvana 30 varSa ema 2+12+30=4 varSe eka ja rAtrie mahAvIra ane pradyota e bane nirvANa ane mRtyune pAmyA hatA. (15) ja. A. bI. pI. sa. pu. 1 pR 16 (prAcIna bhAratavarSa e ApeluM TIpaNu) pradyotanAM 20 varSa eAM hovAthI pulikanA rAjatvakAlanI kalpanA karavI paDe che. mahAvIranA virakta vatananA gRhasthAzrama vakhate potAne kumAra tarIke Avazyaka TIkAmAM ne che tethI AvI kalpanAne sthAna maLe che. rAjya na svIkAratAM ke rAjyaparathI nivRtta thayA chatAM pitAne rAjatvakAla gaNavAnI purANonI paddhati putranA rAjatvakAlamAM kA5 muke che. tenA ja pariNAme potanA 23 varSa lakhAyAM che. bAkI kharI rIte te rAjatvakAla 49 varSa che. kadAca ekAda varSa AchuvA heAya che te judI vAta che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya ~~ ~-~pAlaka 20 varSa, ma. ni. 0-20 (vi. saM. pU. 410-30, I. sa. pU. 467-447 ) pradyota-caMDapradyota pachI avantinI gAdI para tene putra pAlaka AvyuM. A vAtamAM jainasAhitya ane purANAdi eka mata che. A pAlakane rAjakAla zrImerUtuMgAcAryanI vicArazreNimAM 60 varSa nahi paNa 20 varSa kahyo che. 16 e kathanane sacoTa samarthana karanArAM anya koI sAdhana jainasAhityamAM jAhera nathI, paNa purANethI tenuM samarthana amukAze thaI zake tema che. matsyapurANamAM pAlakane rAjatvakAla 24 varSa kahevAmAM Avyo che. paraMtu teNe nahiM nedhelA evo avantivardhanane 4 varSane rAjatvakAla paNa pAlakanA rAjatvakAlamAM naMkhAI javAthI pAlakanAM 20 nA badale 24 varSa thaI gayAM hoya ema lAge che. che avantivardhana 4 varSa ma. ni, 20-24 (vi. saM. pU. 39-386 I. sa. pU. 447-443) jena sAhitya to spaSTa rIte lakhe che ke, pAlaka pachI avantivardhana AvyuM. viSayalAlasAmAM niSphaLatA ane bhAtRvadhane pazcAttApa e be kAraNe tenA rAjyArUDha thayA pachI be cAra varSamAMja banelAM hovAM joIe ane tethI tene rAjatvakAla paNa teTalA purata ja he joIe. masyAdipurANamAM pAlaka pachI vizAkhayUpanuM rAjya lakhI ene rAjavakAla 50 varSa ke 35 varSa lakhavAmAM Avyo che. keTalAka pAThamAM vizAkhayU5 pachI avantivardhananuM nAma lakhavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu masyAdi purANamAM mukhya rIte vizAkhayu5 pachI sUryaka (ajaka, jana) nuM ja nAma maLe che, tethI avantivardhana e vizAkhayU5 pahelAMne rAjA have joIe, nahi ke pachI. A avantivardhana pAlakano putra che, paNa matAMtare kadAca gopAlane putra hoya te te gepAladAra-Aryaka tarIke paNa kahevAtuM hoya, paraMtu je avantivardhana gepAlane putra na ja hoya te, kathAsaritsAgara ane mRchakkaTika pramANe gopAlatAraka-Aryaka e gopAlane putra heI, te pAlaka pachI ne avantivardhana pahelAM bahu ja a5samaya sudhI avantinA siMhAsane To haze, ke jethI tene rAjatvakAla koI lekhAmAM ja na hovAthI tene ane tenA rAjatvakAlane jainasAhitya ke masyAdi purANee ja nathI. pradhAnee pAlakane padabhraSTa karI, pAlake kedakhAnAmAM purelA tenA bhatrIjA gopAladArakane bahAra kADhI tene avanti-rAjyapara besADayA haze, paNa mukhya vArasa pAlakaputra-avantivardhanathI te rAjya para sthira thayA pahelAM ja dUra karAye haze. , () zrIvInivaLAva virAchAza pAcaM 20 vanitA vicArazreNimAM pAlakanA rAjaya pachI nandonuM ane pachIthI AvanAra rAjAonuM rAjya lakhyuM che temAM je rAjatvakala nadhivAmAM Avyo che te saMgata karI zakAya tema nathI, paNa pAlakanA saMbaMdhamAM rAjatvakAla kahyo che tenuM anya sAdhanathI samarthana maLatuM hoya to te na mAnavAne kAI kAraNuM nathI.

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pAlaka vaMza avantiSeNu 36 varSI. ma. ni. 24-60, ( vi. sa'. pU. 386350, I. sa. pU. 443-407) 15 avantivananA bhrAtA rASTravardhananA putra avantiSeNa avantivana pachI avantinI gAdI para Avye ema jaina sAhitya kahe che. avantivardhananA rAjavakAla jema jainasAhityamAMthI maLatA nathI tema avantiSeNanA paNa rAjastrakAla maLatA nathI. tenI oLakha viSe tathA teNe karelI vatsaparanI caDhAi viSe ane chevaTe tenA bhrAtA vatsarAja maNiprabha sAthe thaelI saMdhi viSe jainasAhityamAM spaSTa ullekha che, paNa purANAdimAM tenA nAmanA uccAra suddhAM dekhavAmAM AvatA nathI. purANA A samaye--eTale jainakAlagaNanA pramANe ma. nisaM. 24 thI 74 sudhImAM 50 varSa (40 varSa avantimAM--OMyinImAM ane 10 varSa azmakamAM - dakSiNu avantinI mAhiSmatI nagarImAM) rAjaSa karatA eka vizAkhayUpa rAjAnuM nAma lakhe che. kalkipurANamAM ene uyI sAthe sadhi karI avantimAMthI mAhiSmatImAM gAdI laI janAra kahyo che. jaina sAhityanA ullekhA parathI samajAya che ke, A vizAkhayUpa avantizreNathI bhinna nathI. kemake A samaye tyAM aniSeNu DAi zake ema jaita ullekhethI anumAna thAya che. mitrata therAvalI kahe che ke, ma. ti. thI 60 varSe pATalIputraneA rajA udAyI mRtyu pAmyA ane tenA pachI nanda pahele tyAMnA sihAsane Avyo.17 zrI. hemacandrasUrijI paNu e vAtanuM samarthana kare che;18 uparAMta teozrI kahe che ke, udAyInA vadhu karanArane avantirAje tiraskAra karyA hatA.19 jaitakAlagaNanAnI gAthA pazu pAlakanuM(pAtravaMzanuM) rAjya antimAM 60 varSa kahe che ane te pachI tyAM nandAnuM Adhipatya lAve che.20 A sarvAMnA artha eka ja che ke, pAlakavaMza--purANAnA pradyota'za mani thI 60 varSe (17) teNa kAlena teNaM samarpaNaM keNAvi tasta satuNA taM jiNacammammi daDhaM susa nAUNa NiggaDa vittRNa dhammakahA- sAvaNamiseNegateNaM tastAvAsaM gaMtUmelo udAi Nivo mArito samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre nivvura saTThivAsesu vihakkanesu paDhamo NaMdanAmadhijjo nAi putto pahiM pADaliputasmi rajje ThAio / (himavaMta therAvalI - mudrita pU. 3) (18) udAyinRpanA vadha thayA pachI nandatA abhiSeka thaye. A hakIkata banyAnA samaya ApatAM zrIhemacandrasUri AvI rIte lakhe cheH-- "anantaraM vardhamAna - svAminirvANavAsarAt / gatAyAM SaSTivatsaryA meSa nndo'bhvnnRpH| ( pazidhruvayaM-saLe. 6 jo ra4rU ) (19) udAyimArakaH pApaH, so'gAdujjayinIM purIm / AkhyaccojjayinI bharturyatho dAvidhaH kRtaH // avantIzo'vadatpApa yaH kAleneyatA'pi hi / parivrajyAM gRhItvApi . svApi munisannidho // aharniza ca dharmopadezAcchutvApi duSTadhIH / akArSIdarza karma, sa tvaM me syAH kathaM hitaH // adraSTavyamukho'si svaM, pApApasara satvaram / iti nirbhas taM rAjA, nagarAnniravAsayat // (pariziSTavaM-nna dda jo.226 thI 21.) (20) "laTTI pAhano, paLalayaM tu hoya barAba" (mAthA naM. 2 pUrvASa.) 33

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya avantimAM samApta thayA hatA, ane tyAM naMdavaMza dAkhala thayA hatA. purANe! avantine jItanAra ane tene magadha sAmrAjyamAM leLavanAra tarIke nantivananuM nAma Ape che, paraMtu te nantivana magadha sAmrAjyanI ja--game te rIte mahatvanuM pada dharAvatI--vyakti che emAM te zaMkA ke bhinnamata che ja nahi. pachI te nanda pahelA hAya ke nandanA pitA rAjagRhInA rAjA hAya e eka vicAraNIya judI vAta che. kalkipurANanA jaNAvyA pramANe vizAkhayUpanAM avantimAM 40 varSa ja hatAM. uparanA peregrAphamAM karelI vicAraNA pramANe--eTale ma. ni. thI 60 varSe pAkavaza avantimAM samApta thayA e nizcaya pramANe:-vizAkhayUpanAM 40 varSa purANAnI sAlavArI pramANe ma. ni. 24 thI 64 sudhI nahi, paNa ma. ni. 20 thI 60 sudhI Ave ane te pachInAM mAhiSmatImAMnAM 10 varSa ma. ni. 64 thI 74 sudhI nahi paDu ma. ni. 60thI 70 sudhI Ave. parantu purANeA pAlakanAM 24 varSa pachI eTale ma.ni. thI 24 varSe vizAkhayUpane lAve che, tethI spaSTa samajAya che ke, purANeAe ma. ni. 20 thI 24 sudhInAM cAra varSa galata karI eka tarapha pAkamAM umeryAM, jyAre bIjI tarapha vizAkhayUpamAM umeryA che. ane 4 varSa rAjya karanAra koI rAjAne, ke je jainasAhityanA avantivana ane keTalAMka purANAnA A ka--gopAladAraka che, tene galata karyA che. e galata karelAM avantivadhananAM 4 varSa vidyAkhayUpanA avantimAMnA adhikAranAM 40 varSomAMthI bAda karIe tA vizAkhayUpanu avantimAM 36 varSa rAjya hatuM ema sAkhIta thAya che, ke je tenA 35 varSa' rAjavakAla kahenArAenA matanI lagAlaga AvI jAya che. ane 36 athavA 35 varSanA sarakhA rAjatvakAlavALA avantiSeNu ane vizAkhayUpa e bhinna vyakti nathI, ema sAkhIta thAya che. gopAladAraka e vizAkhayUpa che e mata siddha hoya te, kahevuM joIe ke avantiSeNanI kArakIdI vigere nAmanI bhrAMtithI vyatha ja vizAkhayUpanA nAme lakhAyAM che. k have ApaNe maNiprabha taraphe vaLIe. antiSeNu gAdIe AvyA tyAre vatsanI kauzAmbImAM taratanA janmelA avantiSeNunA bAlaka-bhrAtAne putra tarIke svIkArI maNiprabhanA nAme ucheranAra ajitasena rAjA rAjya karatA hatA. jaina sAhityathI A rAjAnA kAMI paricaya maLatA nathI. kauzAmbInA rAjA thatAnIka pachI tenI gAdI para tenA putra uDDayana AnyA hatA. jaina sAhityamAM ane purANAdimAM tenA viSe keTalIka hakIkatA jANavA maLe che, paNa tenuM rAjya keTalA samaya sudhI laMbAyuM hatuM e spaSTa rIte jANavA maLatuM nathI. A udayananA putra vahInara hatA ema matsya purANu kahe che. ane te vahInara udayananA uttarAdhikArI keAI vIrapuruSa hatA ema paNa te purANunuM kahevuM che. A vahInara kathAsaritsAgaranA naravAhanamAdhi ane jainasAhityanA " (22) " maviSyati cocanAt, vIro nA paDhInara: | vaddInarAmanazceSa, sGapArmi viSyati / daNDapANernirAmitro, nirAmitrAttu kSemakaH / " ( matsyapurANa )

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avatiyuM Adhipatya ajitasena che joIe. ene uttarAdhikArI maNiprabha tha hate. eka jagAe e medhavinanA nAme paNa lakhAya che. purANamAM ApelI vaMzAvalImAM pAMca pradyotemAMnA chelA be sUrya [Ajaka, janaka ane nandivardhana che. ajitasenane maLelA bAlakanI prabhA maNi sarakhI hovAthI tenuM nAma maNiprabha rAkhyuM hatuM e dhyAnamAM letAM, enI prajAne sUryanI prajAnI upamAthI sarakhAvI keI tenuM nAma sUryaprabha bole athavA upamAna-upameyanI ekatA AdithI sUrya-ka paNa bole e banavA joga che. vaLI tene janma na jaNAye hovAthI tene aja ke ajanaka nAmathI saMbodhavAnI pravRtti haze, ke jenuM rUpAntara aparicitatAne laI ajaka ke janaka thaI gayuM hoya. arthAta; ajitasenanA hAthamAM gayela pradyotavaMzI bAlaka maNiprabha e purANamAM ApelI protavaMzAvalImAne vizAkhayuSa pachI Avele the pradyota rAjA sUrya, ajaka ke janaka che. purANe eno rAjatvakAla 21 ke 30 varSa nedhe che. apekSAe te bane neMdhe barAbara che. e ka varSanI naiyathI samajAya che ke, tene rAjatvakAla ma. ni. 30 thI 60 sudhI hate. A hisAbe ma. ni. 23, 24 mAM thayelA tenA janmathI 7, 6 varSe te vatsarAja baho . A pachI 9 varSe tenA potAnA jAtA avatiSeNa sAthe saMbaMdha jaNAvAthI saMdhi thatAM, te avantiSeNanI sAthe avantine paNa rAjA manAte thayo ane e pachInAM tenA rAjatvakAlanAM 21 varSa ke 30 varSa sAthe tenuM nAma pradyotavaMzAvalImAM gaNAyuM. bAkI kharI rIte e 21 varSa vizAkhapa-avantipaNanA rAjatvakAlamAMja samAI jatAM hevAthI tene alaga na ja gaNavAM joIe. avatiSeNa viSenA upara karelA vivecanathI samajAze ke, e rAjAne rAjavakAla - ghaNe lAMbe hate. enA avantinA Adhipatyane aMta udAyIe nahi paNa na pahelAe Aryo hato. avantiNunA AdhipatyanA aMtanI sAthe pAlavaMza ke pradyotavaMzanI ava masyapurANa vahInara (ajitasena ) pachI AvanAra sUrya, (maNiprabha-ajaudayana)ne pauravavaMzane na hovAne laI arthAta te protavaMzane havAthI, tene protanI vaMzAvalImAM muke che. ane pauranI vaMzAvalI dApANithI laI AgaLa laMbAve che. e darapANi vigere pauravavaMzanA haze paNa teo zabInA rAjakartAo na hoI anya koI sthaLanA, bahudhA hastinApuranI kaI pauravazAkhAnA hevA joIe. e sthaLa hastinApura ke uttarahiMdanuM anya keI nagara haze, ke jene nizcaya karavo muzkela che. | (22) ja. e. bI. pI. se. nAmanA mAsikamAM (pu. 19 pR 114) A nAma ApyuM che ane te udayana pachI ApavAmAM AvyuM che. mAsikamAMnA nibaMdhamAM tenA lekhake-sutIrtha, rUca, citraka, sukhalAla-sahastranIka, paraNataSa zatAnIka udayana, medhavina (u) maNiprabha, daMDapANI, kSemake evI rIte vaMzAvalI ApI che (prAcIna bhAratavarSa bhAga 1 pR. 107). matsyapurANamAM medhavina ure maNiprabhanI jagAe "vahInara' nAma che. jene sAhityamAM (bhagavatIsUtra, Avazyaka niryukti vigeremAM) sahastrAnI, zatAnIka, udayana, ajitasena, maNiprabha e nAmo AvatAM he eja kramathI gAvI zakAya tema che. mastramAM zatAnIkanA pitAnuM nAma vasudAna lakhyuM che.

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atinuM Adhipatya ttimAM samApti thaI palaka vaza 60 varSa cAle ane pote 49 varSa zAjaya karyuM te e 60 mAM umerIe te pradyota vaMzane 100 varSa rAjatvakAla thAya. matsyapurANa pradyotanAM 138 varSa lakhe che, paraMtu temAMthI teNe pote ja zizunAgavaMzI tarIke lakhelAM naktivardha. nanA 20 varSa ane vizAkhapanAM mAhiSmatImAMnAM 10 varSa ema 30 varSa bAda karIe te avantimAM prote rAjatvakAla 138-30=108 varSa ja Ave, e 108mAM pravAtanAM 49 ne badale 23 varSa lakhAtAM je 26 varSa nIkaLI gayAM che tenI bharatI-avanti vardhananAM 4 varSanA sthAne pAlakamAM 4 ane vizAkhayUpamAM 4 ema be tarapha vadhAratAM 4 varSa vadhAre lakhAyAM te; ane vatsanA sUrya-maNiprabhanAM 21 varSa, ke je avantiSeNa-vizAkhacUpamAM samAI jAya che, e paNa vadhAre lakhAyAM te, ema 25 vadhArAnAM varSathI karavI paDe che te karatAM pulika (punaka) nA nAme je 26 varSa anyatra lakhavAmAM Ave che te pradyotanAM 23 varSamAM umeravAM ne 49 varSa karavAM ane e rIte 108 varSa rAkhavAM e ja ThIka che. bIjI jagAe je 124 saura varSa lakhavAmAM Ave che temAM paNa AvI ja rIte 108 varSa lAvI zakAya che, jemake nanivardhananAM 20 ane janakanAM 30 ema 50 varSa 124mAMthI bAda karI, temAM pradyotanAM 49 nA badale 15 varSaja lakhAyAM che te 49-15=34 ochAM lakhAcelAM pradyotanA varSane umeravAM eTale 124-50=74+34=108 varSa AvI jaze. mayapurANanA AdhAre lakhAyelAM 155 varSa paNa evI ja keI gaNatarI ke lekhakenI zarata rakanuM pariNAma hoya ema lAge che. vastutaH cAra athavA avantiSeNanI sAthe ja rahI avani para 21 varSa adhikAra bhogavatA maNiprabhasUryakane paNa gaNIe te pAMca pradyateno 109 athavA 108 varSa ja rAjatvakAla che. pradyotanI vaMzAvalI nIce pramANe bane che - 4 varSa, avantiSeNa 15 varSa pAlaka 20 varSa avanitaNo 21 , ane ? - avantivardhana 4 varSa maNiprabhaU 109 (23) zizunAgathI udaya (udAyI) sudhI vaMzAvalI ApI pachI matsya purANa lakhe che ke - " catvAriMzatsamA bhAvyo, rAjA vai nandivardhanaH / catvAriMzat trayazcaivaM, mahAnaMdI maNithAi ne kAraNe , rASTranA kags JJ " * matsyapurANa nadivardhanane Ama spaSTa rIte zaizunAmAM lakhe che chatAM tene sarvaka (maNiprabha) nA putra tarIke protAmAM ullekha kare che ene artha eTalIja ja che ke, te pradyota nahi, paNa pATalIpatranA udAyInA mRtyu bAda pratonI avatine jItanAra ane tene magadha sAmrAjyamAM bheLavanAra hatA. A vakhate sarvoparI satA pATaliputra para AvelA nanda pahelAnI hatI tethI e vijaya nanda pahelAnA phALe jAya che,

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pAlavazanA samakAlIna magadhezvarA keANika (ajAtazatru) ane udAyI. pAlakAnA 60 varSanA samaya daramiyAna astittva dharAvatAM rAjyAmAM magadhanuM sAmrAjya itihAsamAM atiprasiddha che. e samayamAM tyAM rAjakatAM kANika (ajAtazatru) ane udAyI hatA. kelzikanuM zaya kayAre zarU thayuM ane tenA aMta kayAre thayA tathA e rAjAnA rAjatvakAla keTaleA hatA, e viSenA spaSTa ullekha jainasAhityamAMthI meLavavA ati muzkela che, paNa himavaMta therAvalI evI spaSTa mAhitI Ape che keH-- mahAvIra nirvANuthI 31 Adi varSo vItatAM kANika putra udAyI rAjAe pATalIputra sthApI tyAM rahI magadhanuM ASipatya bhAgavyu"24 Ane atha e thAya che ke, ma, ni. 31 vaSaeN kANu kranA rAjyanA aMta Avye ane udAyIne pitAnA avasAnathI caMpAmAM ati upajatAM pATalIputra vasAvavAnuM kAma teNe Ara Mbhyu., peAtAnI dekharekha nIce e kAca, purANA kahe che 25 tema, 4 varSe purU thatAM tyAM rahI teNe magadhasAmrAjyanuM zAsana karyu. Ama gherAvalIe kANikanA rAjyanA aMta prakArAntare jaNAvyeA, paNa tenA rAjyanI zarUAta kyAre thaI e hakIkata tA te paNa jaNAvatI nathI. eTale tenA rAjatvakAla nakkI karavAmAM te ApaNane kAMI paNa madada karatI nathI. paraMtu khauddhagathAmAM ajAtazatru (keANika)nA rAjavakAla 32 va jaNAye che; e hisAbe ma. ni. thI eka varSa pahelAM e zA magadhanA siMhAsane AvyA hatA ema siddha thAya che. khIjI tarapha purANAmAM kAI A rAjAnA rAjatvakAla 27 varSe 26 tA kAI 2527 te vaLI kAi 35 varSa28 5Na ne dhe che. zeravalI pramANe ma. ni. 31 (24) 'seNiyaNivaputto ajAyasattu koNiyAvaraNAmadhijo Niyapiussa NaM sattubhUo vika vanami viNattA ceveLA dhannare kAvattA tattva rDo bar | " therAvelI kANika viSe AvA ullekha karI tyAra bAda ratnaprabhasUrinuM kAya' ullekhI udAyI viSe lakhe che keH-- "vIrAo NaM igatI sAivAsesu viikaMtesu koNiya putto udAraNiyo pADaliputtaM jayaraM sattA(ttA) tatha La manAAiM pAlemALe ciThTha6 " / himavaMta therAvalI mudrita pR. 3 (25) sa vai puravaraM rAjA, pRthivyAM kusumAhvayam / gaMgAyA dakSiNe kUle, caturthe'nde sthiti " // 66 sahai putttAM ramya ' (pATAntaram) (vAyupurANu. u, kha, a, 37 5. 175 178) (26) ' ajJAtarAnurmavitA, saptavirAta samA gujaH 'saptatrirAT samAM suva / .. matsyapurANa. adhyAya 272) (matsyapuDALamAM jADAsaram) (27) " ajJAtANumaMvitA, paMcavicattamAM sura" ( vAyupurANu. ) (28) " annatizakumathitA, pakriyAmAM raja ( brAM purANa ) 4. "3.

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20 arvatinuM Adhipatya varSe keNikanA rAjyano aMta Avyo hato. have je keNikanA rAjatvAkAlanAM varSa 27 ke 25 hoya te mahAvIra nirvANa pachI ja kaNikane rAjyAraMbha Ave. je purANa pramANe udAyInAM 33 varSa gaNIe te e hisAbe-a. ni. 60 varSe udAyInA rAjyata pramANe -udAyIno rAjyAraMbha ane keNikano rAjyAMta, 60 mAMthI 33 bAda karatAM ma vi. 27 varSe Ave. keNikanAM rAjatvakAlanAM varSa je 27 ke 25 hoya te, A paurANika rIte paNa keNikane rAjyAraMbha mahAvIranA nirvANa samaye ke te pachI ja Ave. keNike mahAvIranA nirvANa pahelAM ja eka rAjavI tarIke vaizAlI sAthenuM yuddha laDI lIdhuM hatuM, yA laDI rahyA hate. e yuddha cAlatuM hatuM tyAre kAlI Adi mAtAoe zreNikanI rANuoe mahAvIrane potAnA putro yuddhamAMthI pAchA pharaze ke kema, evo prazna pUche hate ne mahAvIranA mukhathI temanuM mRtyu jANatAM dIkSA lIdhI hatI, ema jainasAhityathI jANavA maLe che, ane tethI mahAvIranirvANa samaye ke te pachI keNikano rAjyAraMbha lAvatA 27 ke 25 varSane tene rAjatvakAla asaMgata thaI paDe che, mATe keNikane rAjyAraMbha ma.ni. thI DAMka varSa pahelAM Ave evI rIte 35 varSa athavA purANomAM sauthI vadhAre zraddheya masyapurANanA pAThabheda pramANe 37 varSa e rAjAne rAjatvakAla mAna saMgata che. A rIte bauddhagraMthanAM 32 varSa karatAM matsyapurANamAMnA pAThAntaranAM 37 varSa, e pa varSa vadhAre hAI sakAraNa hoya ema lAge che. e kAraNane ahiM jaNAvavuM joIe. - keNikanI pUrve thaI gayelA magadhanA rAjAomAMthI zreNika (laMbAsAra-bimmisAra) ne bAda karIne te tenA viSe jenasAhitya ke bauddha sAhityamAMthI kAMI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI ema kahIe te paNa cAle. purANe paNa avyavasthita rAjatvakAlayukta vaMzAvalInI sAmAnya nedha levI te sivAya vize jaNAvatAM nathI. jainasAhitya kaNikanA pitA zreNikanI sAmAnya rIte oLakha ApatAM lakhe che ke, zreNika magadhanA kuzAgapuramAM, agninA upadravathI pAchaLanA samayamAM kuzAgrapurane ati najadIkamAM vasI gayelA rAjagRhamAM rAjya kartA prasenajitane putra hato ane te tenA pitAnI pAchaLa magadhanA rAjasiMhAsane Avyo hate. haihayavaMzanA vaizAlInA ceTakarAjAe ene pitAnA vaMzathI utaratA-halakA vAhI kavaMzane kahI avaga hatA ane pitAnI kanyA ApavA nakAryuM hatuM. paraMtu purANa (28) patthaMtare seNikabhajAo kAlimAtikAu pucchati amha puttA saMgAmAto pahi. tti jIvita kathA vactA Avazyaka hAribhadrIya TIkA. uttarArdha pR 176) (30) zizunAge kAzI ane magadhamAM pitAnuM rAjya jamAvyuM hatuM tethI enA vaMzane purANo zizunAga tarIke oLakhAve che, paNa temanA vaMza viSe tyAM kAMI lakhavAmAM AvyuM hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI, jaina sAhitya prasaMgavazAta temane vAhIkavaMzane lakhe che. prAcInakALamAM paMjAba-siMdhane "vAhIka tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM AvatuM hatuM, tenuM kAraNa "vAhIka lekine vasa che. tyAM haze ? ane rizanA e prAmAMthI kAzadezamAM AvI tyAMnAM IlAone jItI lIdhA haze? : :

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avatinuM Adhipatya tenA pitAnuM nAma majita ke trIjA jaNAvI tenuM pitAnuM nAma vizvasena vigere vigere lakhatAM tene zizunAgavaMzI tarIke oLakhAve che. purANe zreNikanA vaMzane zizunAganA nAmathI ja AgaLa dhare che tethI anumAna thAya che ke, vAhIkavaMzane e zizunAgarAjA parAkramI ane laDAyaka vRttine hAI teNe prathama kAzI-vArANasInuM rAjaya jItI lIdhuM hatuM ane tyAMne rAja banI beThe hate. paraMtu pachIthI jyAre tene magadhanA giritra je javAnuM thayuM tyAre teNe kAzInI gAdI para pitAnA putrane sthApe hate. kahe che ke, magadhanuM zAsana karavA mATe tene nimaMtraNa maLyuM hatuM, ane giritraja gayA pachI te magadhane zAsaka banyuM hatuM. jaina sAhityathI jANavA maLe che ke, mahAvIranirvANa pUrve 350 varSa (vi. saM. pU. 760 I. sa. pU. 817) zrI pAzvanAthano janma thayela hatuM. emanA pitA azvasena IphavAkuvaMzanA hatA ane emanuM rAjaya kAzIdezanI vArANasImAM hatuM. iphavAkuonuM e rAjya zizunAganA hAthamAM gayuM hatuM e artha purANe parathI nIkaLe che. zizunAmane samaya samajavA mATe purANee nedhelI rAjavakALavALI tenI vaMzA valI kAma lAge kharI, paNa aneka aspaSTa kAraNethI janmelI avyavasthAne laI e vaMzAvalI tenA samayane nirNaya karavAne badale kevaLa goTALe ja ubho kare che. jainasAhitya ane bauddhasAhityanA AdhAre e goTALAne banatI rIte dUra karI matsyapurANumAM ApelI zizunAganI vaMzAvalIne zuddha karatAM, A lekhamAM svIkRta kAlagaNanA pramANe zizunAgane rAjayAraMbha ma. ni. pU. ra05 varSa (vi. saM. pU. 615, I. sa. pU. 672) Ave che. (31) davA teSAM cAra zatara, AiguttA maLatA vANAM puraM sthAtha, ajiyti girivrajam / zizunAkazca varSANi, catvAriMzadbhaviSyati // kAkavarNaH sutastasya, SaDviMzatprApsyate mahIm / SaDviMzaJcaiva varSANi, kSemadharmA bhaviSyati // caturvizatsamAH sopi kSemajit prApsyate mahIm / aSTAviMzati varSANi vindhyaseno bhaviSyati // bhaviSyati samA jAlA, I mamamitra yutattaraya, ghaturaMza aviSyati | ajJAtAmavitaa, saptaviMzat samA nRpH| caturviMzat samA rAjA, vaMzakastu bhaviSyati // udAsI mavitA tAta jarAta samA guja svAzita ramar mA, rajJA pai nIvardhanaH che catvAriMzat trayazceva, mahAnandI bhaviSyati / ityete bhavitAro vai, daza dvau zizunAkajAH / * zatAni trINi pUrNAni, SaSTivarSAdhikAni tu zizunAkA bhaviSyanti, rAjAnaH kSatra utA (masyapurANa-adhyAya, ra72) te mArA saMzodhana mujaba kSemajita ane kSatrIjA (prasenajita) ema 24 ane 40 varSanA - rAjatvAkAlavALA be rAjAo mAnatAM 12 nA badale 10 nI saMkhyA thAya che, paNa 24 varSanA rAja trAlavALe vaMzaka A mukhya vaMzAvalImAM na hovAthI tene bAda karatAM 12 nI ja saMkhyA rahe che. masyanA pAThAntaramAM je 10 ne saMkhyA lakhI che te te karavAcana ane bhUmimitrane A mukhya zAkhAmAM na mAnavAthI maLI rahe che. AgaLa para spaSTa karavAmAM Avaze ke, kAyana, bhUmimitra, vaza vigere rAjAo magadhanI mukhya zAkhAnA nahi paNa pA zAkhAnI che, kema ke -

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ra avatinuM Adhipatya zrI pArzvanAthanuM AyuSya 100 varSanuM che temanuM nirvANu ma ni. 5 250 varSa (vi. saM. 5 660, I. sa. pU. 717)thayuM hatuM.A hisAbe zrI pArzva nirvANathI 250-205=45 varSe zizunAgano rAjyAraMbha thaye hate. matsya putra lakhe che ke, "bahAranA sarve yazane nAza karI zizunAga thaze. te petAnA putrane vArANasImAM sthApana karI giritraja jaze." jaina gaNatarIthI bikula virUddha jatI gaNatarIthI matsyapurANa, mahAbhAratanA yuddhamAM mRta jarAsaMdhanA putra sahadevanA dAyAda samAdhithI ripaMjaya sudhInA rAjAone vyakitagata rAjavahAla noMdhe che. A rAjAone mAgadha bRhadratho tarIke te oLakhAve che, tethI sUcita thAya che ke, anya sthaLanA paNa brahadratha hatA. kAzImAM rAjaya karatA, zrI pArzva. nAthanA pitA azvasena IvAku kulanA hatA ema jaina sAhitya kahe che. mahAbhArata parathI jANavA maLe che ke, mahAbhAratanA yuddha pUrve bRhaddhatha nAmane eka prakhyAta rAjA kAzIpati hatuM. A bRhadratha IphavAku vaMzane candravaMzI rAjA hatA. saMbhava che ke, e bRhadrathanI mukhya zAkhAmAM azvasena rAja utarI AvyA haze e bRhadarathanI bIjI zAkhA giritrajamAM magadhamAM) hatI, jemAM jarAsaMdhAdi rAjAo thayA che. A jarAsaMdha bahadurathathI dazame rAjA hatA. tenA putra sahadevane kAmacalAu rAjA tarIke vaMzAvalImAM sthAna na ApatAM matsyapurANe sahadevanA dAyAda samAdhithI A bahAduranI vaMzAvalI neMdhI che. vasAvalImAM samAdhithI dasena sudhInA 16 rAjAone samuccaya vAjatvakAla 7ra3 varSa lakhe che. paNa e ullekha daDhasena pachI tarataja thI joIe tenA badale mahInetrathI ripaMjaya- sudhInA cha rAjAonAM nAma (32) ata urdhva pravakSyAmi, mAgadhA ye bRhdrthaaH| jarAsaMdhasya ye vaMze, sahadevAnvaye nRpAH // tAtA vatemAnAtha, mayathAzca tathA punaH | grSAzvataH ivAna, to je niyata | saMgrAme bhArate vRtte, sahadeve nipAtite / somAdhistasya dAyAdo, rAjA'bhUt sa girivrje|| paMcAzataM tathASTau ca, samA rAjyamakArayat / zrutazravAzcatuHSaSTi, samAstasyAnvaye'bhavat // bhayutAyustu SaDviMza-drAjyaM varzaNyakArayat / catvAriMzat samAstasya, nirAmitro divaMgataH // paMcAzataM samAH SaT ca, sukSatraHprAptavAn mahIm / trayoviMzabRhatkarmA, rAjya varSANyakArayat // senAjit saMprayAtaca, bhuktvA paMzAzataM mahIm / zrutaMjayastu varSANi, catvAriMzad bhaviSyati // mahAbalo mahAbAhuH mahAbuddhiparAkramaH / aSTAviMzati varSANi, mahIM prApsyati vai vibhuH // aSTa paMcAzataM cAbdAn rAjye sthAsyativai shuciH|assttaaviNshtsmaaraajaa.kssemaa bhokSyativaimahIm // . suvratastu catuHSaSTi, rAjya prApsyati vIryavAn / paMcatrizati varSANi, sunetrobhokSyate mahIm // bhokSyate nivRtizcemAM, aSThapaMcAzataM samAH / aSTAviMzatsamA rAjyaM, trinetro bhokSyate tataH // ghaaftt tathaisse s, daheno mavathatA rAdhiMgA zani, maNIka vAra che dvAtriMzattu samA rAjA, sucalastu bhaviSyati / catvAriMzatsamA rAjA, sunetro bhokSyate ttH|| satyajitpRthivIM rAjA, vyazIti bhokSyate samAH / prApyemA vizvajiccApi,paMcaviMzad bhaviSyati // ripuMjayastu varSANi, paMcAzat prApsyate mahIm / SoDazate nRpA jJeyA, bhavitAro vRhadrathAH // trayoviMzAdhikaM teSAM, rAjyaM ca zatasaptakam / dvAtriMzaca nRpA hyete, bhavitAro bRhdrthaa|| gir ghe, te rAtre motiyo :

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alalinuM Adhipatya ane temane pratyekane rAyatvakAla jaNAvyA bAda thAya che ane mahInetrAdi cha rAjAone samuccaya rAjatvakAla nevyA sivAya, 32 brahAronI saMkhyA jaNAvavAmAM Ave che ke, je kharI rIte 160 = 1ranI hevI joIe. A pachI "teonuM rAjya' evA aspaSTa ulekhathI 1000 varSa neMdhAya che ke, jene meLa madhye neMdhelI anya hakIktathIvirUddha jAya che. mahAbhAratanuM yuddha thayuM e samayanI lagabhagamAM abhimanyunA putra parIkSitane janma thaye hate. masyAdi puNe lakhe che ke, parikSitane janma ane maha padmanandarAjA)no abhiSeka, e benI vacce 1050 varSanuM aMtara che"33 have je brahadrathanI vaMzAvalInA aMte 1000 varSa lakhAyAM che te, je bhAratanA yudhdhathI ripaMjaya sudhInA aMtarane jaNAvanArAM che e artha karIe to, ripaMjayane rAta ane mahApavane abhiSeka e benI vacce 1050-1000=20 varSanuM ja aMtara Ave. jyAre ethI viruddha matsya purANanI ne dhathI e aMtara 235 varSa (pradyotanAM 15ra naMdivardhananAM 40, mahAnaMdinAM 43, A pachI mahApadmane rAjyAbhiSeka) jANavA maLe che. pradyotanAM 152 varSane aMka 34 azudhdha mAnI tenI jagAe 138 varSane aMka laIe ane protanAM 112 varSamAM nadivardhananAM 20 varSa bevaDAtAM hovAthI te bAda karIe to paNa e aMtara ra01 varSanuM Ave che, jemake -pradyotanAM 118, nandivardhananAM 40, mahAnandinAM 43, ema 118+40+ 43=201. A lekhanI mAnyatA pramANe paNa ripaMjayane rAjayAta ane mahApavane rAjyAbhiSeka e benI vaccenuM aMtara pradyote nA 109, pahelA nandanAM 40, bIjAthI AThamA nandanAM 12, ema 109+0+12=161 varSa Ave che, kemake AThamA nanda pachI Avelo tene bhrAtApahelA nandane putra-mahApadma che, ke je mahAnanda, dhananaMda vigere nAmothI oLakhAtuM hatuM ane 9 mo naMda hato. AvI rIte virudha jatI sthitimAM mAnavuM paDe che ke mahAbhAratanA yuddha lagabhaga janmelA parIkSitathI 1050 varSe abhiSikata mahApadyanA rAjyAraMbhathI 50 varSa pUrve eTale mahAbhAratanA yuddhathI 1000 varSe ripaMjayane rAjyAM thayo hate e ve abhiprAya p varSanA che te ja pravitti' e zlokAdhana nathI, paraMtu pradyotane rAjyAMta thaye hatuM evuM che. e laikA pahelAM pradyotenI vaMzAvalI neMdhavI joItI hatI te, game te kAraNe tenI pAchaLa kheMdhAI gaI che. - uparokata rIte pradyotanA rAjyone mahAbhAratanA yudhathI 1000 varSa mAnatAM, ripuMjayanA rAjayAMtathI mahApadyAbhiSeka sudhInuM aMtara je ra00 karatAM vadhAre varSa paDatuM (33) mahApadmAbhiSekAtu, yAvajanma parIkSitaH / evaM (ke? ) varSasahasraM tu, jJeyaM paMcA. rApuram -macapurANa adhyAya, 273 yAvatparIkSito janma, yAvanaMdAbhisecanam / etadvarSasahasraM tu, jheyaM paMcAzaduttaram // -viSNupurANa, rA ja adhyAya 24. (34) riAzarato mukavA, paNa te sUvA-mahApurANa aSTAtriMzacchataM bhAvyAH, pradyotAH paMca te sutAH-vAyupurANa... ...

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avatinuM Adhipatya hatuM-te ghaNuM ja ochuM thaI jAya che, eTale eka gaNatarIe nantivardhana 20 ane mahAnani 43 ema 63 varSa tathA bIjI gaNatarIe navirdhana 40 ane mahAnaji 43 ema 83 varSa thAya che, paraMtu 50 varSa thavuM joIe te thatuM nathI. kAraNa ke purANe protanA rAjakAMta 5chI, pATalIputranA siMhAsane nandivardhana 20 varSa, mahAnandi 43 varSa ane pachI mahApa athavA te nandivardhana 40 varSa, mahAnani 43 varSa ane pachI mahApatra, e anukama lakhI rahyAM che. e vAtathI teo aparicita che ke, nanivardhana pradyotanA rAjyAMta pUrve 5 varSe rAjagRhInI piTAgAdI para AvyuM hatuM, ane mahApadma e mahAnanine putra nahi, paraMtu pradyotanA rAjyata samaye pATalI putranA siMhAsane AvelA prathamanaMdana navame putra hoI te nadivardhana pachI rAjagRhImAM rAjya karatA mahAnaMdinA rAjyAraMbha pachI 15 varSa ane pATalIputramAM rAjya karatA prathamanaMdanA (40 varSa) putronA-sAta nadanA (12 varSa) rAjyAM pachI, arthAta; prathamanandanA rAjya raMbhathI 4-12=para varSe pATalIputramAM abhiSita thaye hato. A sarva hakIkata AgaLa para A lekhamAM sAbita karavA mAM Avaze. A lekhanI gaNatarI pramANe pradyotAnuM rAjaya ma. ni 60 varSa cAlI 61 mAM varSamAM samApta thayuM hatuM e 61 mA varSane na gaNIe ane himavaMta gherAvalI pramANe 113 nA badale 11ramAM mahApadyano rAjayAraMbha gaNIe te, ma. ni. 62 thI 112 sudhI barobara 50 varSa thatAM pradyotanA rAjyAMtathI mahApavanA rAjyAbhiSekanuM aMtara je ma. ni. 61-113 sudhI 5ra varSa gaNavAmAM AvyuM che te barAbara 50 varSa Avaze. mahAbhAratanA yuddha ane sahadevanA mRtyu pachI 1000 varSa "teonuM rAjaya thaze ane parIkSitanA janmathI eTale mahAbhAratanA yuddha lagabhagathI 1050 varSe mahApamAyAbhiSeka thayuM hatuM, A be kathana vacce virodha na Ave-e be banAve vacce 50 varSanuM aMtara che te sAbIta thAya e hetuthI "teonuM" emAM pradyote paNa havAnI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che have mahAbhAratanA yuddhathI e be banAve vacce kevI rIte 1000 ane 1050 varSane gALo che tene tapAsavA purAe nedhelI ane meM truTaka jainaulalekhethI zuddha karelI vaMzAvalI tarapha vaLIe. masyAdi purANamAM ApelI vaMzAvalImAM lakhAyelA rAjAonAM nAma, temano krama ane rAjakAla vigere e jema sarvathA vyavasthita ane vizvasanIya nathI, tema tyAM lakhAyeluM bhAratanA yuddhathI pradyotanA rAjyata ke mahApAbhiSeka sudhInuM 1000 ke 2050 varSa sudhInuM aMtara paNa sarvathA vyavasthita ke vizvasanIya nathI ja. jenI gaNanAnusAra bhAratayuddha ane nandanA rAjyAraMbha vacce lagabhaga 84-hajArathI 85 hajAra varSa sudhInuM aMtara manAyuM che e hakIkatane bAjue mukIe to paNa vaidika sAhitya ane anyagraMthonA AdhAre saMzodhaka vidvAne e aMtarane 1000 ane 1050 karatAM vadhAre ja mAne che. teonA saMzodhana mujaba bhAratayuddha ane pradyotanA yAta pachI sthapAelA nandarAjyathI pravartela naMdasaMvata, e be vaccenuM aMtara 2634 varSa, matAntare 1981 varSa Ave che. jemake :

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya kalisaMvata ane yudhiSThira saMvata ke mahAbhArata saMvata, e bannene eka mAnanArAonA mata pramANe kalisaMvatathI zakasaMvata 3179 varSe zarU thayAnuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. cAlu jaina saMpradAya pramANe A zakasaMvata ane nandasaMvata vacce 545 varSanuM aMtara che, kemake zakasaMvata mahAvIra nirvANathI 605 varSe zarU thayo hato, jyAre nandasaMvatanI zarUAta ma.ni 60 varSa che eTale 605 mAMthI 60 bAda karatAM e be saMvata vaccenuM aMtara 55 varSa Ave. A 545 varSa kavisaMvata ane zakasaMvatanA aMtaranAM zoSAyelAM 3179 varSamAMthI bAda karatAM kalisaMvata ane nandasaMvata vaccenuM aMtara 3179-54para634 varSa Ave. kaliyugasaMvata ane yudhiSThira saMvata vacce 53 varSanuM aMtara che. te bane bhinna che evI mAnyatA dharAvanArA varAhamihirAdi lekhako-bhArata yuddha pachI tarata ja zarU thayeluM yudhiSThirAjya ane zakakAla e be vacce 2526 varSanuM aMtara lakhe che. te hisAbe, zakasaMvata ane tenI pUrve pravatelA najasaMvata e bannenA aMtaranAM 545 varSa uparokta 2526 mAMthI bAda karatAM yudhiSThira rAjya ane naMdasaMvata vaccenuM aMtara 2526545=1981 Ave che. viSNupurANa ane bhAgavatathI jANavAmAM Ave che ke, 37 zrIkRSNanA svargagamana pachI tarata ja kaliyuganI zarUAta thaI hatI mahAbhAratagraMtha pramANe bhAratanA yuddha pachI patarASTranI hayAtImAM 15 varSa ane svataMtra rIte 36 varSa ema 51 varSa yudhiSThire rAjya karyA bAda zrIkRSNanuM svargagamana, kaliyugaprAraMbha ane parIkSitano rAjyAraMbha thayela hatuM. A maMtavya pramANe kalisaMvata ane zakakAla vacce pahelAM je 3179 varSa kahyAM che temAM bhAratayuddhathI kalisaMvatanA aMtaranAM 51 varSa umerIe eTale bhAratayuddha ane zakakAla vaccenuM aMtara 3179+51=3230 Ave che. A 3230 mAMthI naMdasaMvata ane zakakAla vaccenA aMtaranAM je 545 varSa che, te bAda karIe te bhAratayuddha ane nandasaMvata vaccenuM aMtara 3ra30-545=3685 varSa Ave che. 38 keTalAka saMzodhako bhAratanA yuddhane uparokta samaya karatAM paNa vadhAre dUra pUrvamAM laI jAya che. (35) . saMvara je rU.72 koNe karizuLa saMvata A vAta che" (36) garamANu pujA, rAti pRthvI sudhiSThire kRpata . diyuta, vAtarA tharA 2 | zAhIsahiMtA, laviAra . . (37) yadeva bhagavadviSNo-raMzo yAto divaMdvija / vasudevakulodbhUta-stadaiva kalirAgataH viSNupurANa aMza 4, adhyAya 24, zlo055 viSNubhaMgavato bhAnuHkRSNAkhyo'sau divNgtH| tadAvizatkaliloka, pApe ydrmtejnH|| na mAgavata, hAtha 22, adhyAya 2. 0 22. (8) uparakta-bhArata yuddha ane nanda saMvata vaccenuM aMtara nedhavAmAM meM "mArata prAcIna saoNA ' nAmanA parAkane upaga karyo che. spaSTatA mATe juo te kastAna pU. 3 thI 6.

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vatinuM mASipatya che upara jaNAvyA mujabanI sthiti thatAM bhAratanA yuddha ane potAnA rAjyata vacce 1000 varSane gALa hatuM ke kema? zizunAga pahelAMnA rAjAonI vaMzAvalI matsyapu rANAdi lakhe che tevA svarUpamAM hatI ke kema? emAMthI keTalAka rAjAo ane temane rAjatvakAla choDI daIe vaMzAvalI ubhI thaelI che ke kema? evA evA prazno uThe che, paNa e praznone paDatA mukI jevI sthiti che tevI sthitimAMja e vaMzAvalIne ahiM vicAra karuM chuM, ke je parathI spaSTa rIte samajAya ke zizunAga kyA magadhapati bRhadratha rAjAnI pachI Avyo hato ane zizunAga pachI keTalA varSe nandarAnya zarU thayuM hatuM. masyapurANe bahAranI vaMzAvalInI zarUAtamAM pratijJA karI che ke "magadhanA rAjAone kahIza." A pachI teNe jarAsaMdha ane sahadevano ullekha karI-samAdhi 58. kRtazravA 64, ayutAyu 26, nirAmitra 40, sukSatra 56, bahankama 23, senAjita 50, zrutaMjya 40, vibhu 28, zuci 58, kSema 28, suvrata 64, sunetra 35. nivRti 58. trinetra 28, daddhasena 48, mahInetra 33, sucala 32, sunetra 40, satyajita 83, vizvajita 25 ane ripaMjaya 58 varSa, ema bAvIza rAjAono temanA nAmapUrvaka rAjatvAla lakhyo che. tyArabAda "oDazate.' lekAIthI A soLa bahadura thaze' ema lakhI "karvirAdhi. e kAIthI temane samuccaya rAjatvakAla lakhe che. A pachI "jiMdA ' e kAIthI 32 bahAratha zajAo thaze' ema lakhyuM che ane aMte teonuM rAjayapurA hajAra varSanuM haze" ema jaNAvyuM che. A AkhI vaMzAvalImAM rara bahAratharAjAo che, chatAM raranA badale 3ra jaNAvyA che, te lekhakonA hAthe viMzanuM rAja' thayAnuM pariNAma che. athavA ardharAja' evuM kAI lekhakonA hAthe galata thayuM hoya. ke je somAdhithI ripaMjaya sudhIno soLa bRhadarane uddezI lakhAyuM hatuM, ane "afzadara' evuM kAI bahadurathathI laI ripaMjaya sudhInA 3ra rAjAonuM sUcana karatuM hoya. jarAsaMdhanI pUrvenA 9 rAjAo kAzInA bahAra tarIke oLakhAtA haze. temane ane jarAsaMdhane rara mAM bheLavatAM 3ra baDadUra thAya ja, bAkI gifkaa0' A kAryanI pUrve je "pote' cheka mukavAmAM Avyo che te te asthAne ja che. tenuM sthAna somAdhithI soLamAM rAjA dahasenanuM sUcana karAyuM che tyAM, "vArita tathA ra rahateno pavita' e kAI pachIja hovuM joIe. A paNa lekhakonuM ja kartavya haze ! ' ahiM prazna uThe che ke, somAdhithI laI ripaMjaya sudhInA rAjAo vaMzAvalInA lakhavA mujaba bahadura ja che. ane je teo mAgadha-magadhanA ja hoya to pachI chelalA rAjA ripaMjaya pachI temanI saMkhyA jaNAvI temane samuccaya rAjatvakAla ne joIne hate. zA mATe dasena sudhInA soLanI saMkhyA ane temane samuracaya rAjatvakAla ne? Ane javAba e ja hoI zake ke, e bAvIze rAjAo bhalene bahadura che paNa prathamanA seLa magadhanA che, jayAre mahInetrathI ripaMjayA sudhInA pAchaLanA che ke anya sthaLanA eTale avantinA che.

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avatinuM Adhipatya vIza-vatietra rAjAo pachI teo avantinI gAdI para AvelA jaNAya che. A ja hakIkata pradyotanI vaMzAvalI lakhatAM zarUAtamAM "cetIpu. lItighoghatipu-avantimAM bahaphara ane (tenI pUrve) vitiha tIta thatAM, A rIte lakhavAmAM AvI che. ahiM avaninA rAjakartAone prasaMga hovAthI mahInetrathI ripaMjaya sudhI rAjAo, keTalAka mAne che tema, vItietra heta te A sthaLe bahadarathane ulekha vyartha ja nIvaData ane temanI saMkhyA bRhadaramAM nAkhI 22 ke 32 ema saravALo na karatAM pradyote vigerenI jema svatantaja nedhata. ahiM bIjo prazna uThe che ke, somAdhithI draDhasena sudhInA seLa bahadarathAne samucaya rAjatvakAla vyo che, tema e soLamAM mahInetrathI ripaMjaya sudhInA cha rAjAone umerI bAvIzanI saMkhyA neMdhI paNa e bAvIzane samuccaya rAjatvakALa kema dhye nahi kharI vAta e che ke kramaza e rAjAo AvyA hoya to samuccaya rAjatvakALa nedha ja joIe paNa samuccaya rAjavakALa e bAvIza rAjAone na pheMdhAyela hevAthI anumAna thAya che ke, daDhasenanA rAjyAM pachI mahInetra avanti para nathI Avyo, paNa tethI ghaNA varSa pUrve Avyo che. parIkSitanA janmathI mahApadmanandanA rAjyAbhiSeka sudhInAM 1050 varSa ane samAdhithI tenI pAchaLa AvanArA athavA anusaMdhita thayelA rAjAonA rAjayota sudhInAM 1000 varSa, A be vaccenuM 50 varSanuM aMtara ghaTAvavA meM nizcita karyuM che ke samAdhithI 1000 varSe pradyotane jyAMta hatuM. A lekhanI mAnyatA pramANe e samaya ma. ni. 60, vi. saM. 5. 350, I. sa. pU. 407 hato. purANa pradyotanuM rAjya 138 varSa lakhe che paNa temAM 20 varSa zizunAgavazI rAjagRhInA rAjA nanivardhananAM lakhAI gayAM che, te bAda karIe te 118 varSa thAya pUrvokta 1000 mAMthI e 118 varSa bAda karIe te samAdhithI 882 varSe- ma. ni. pU. 58 varSe, (vi. saM. 5 468, I. sa. pUpa25) pradyotane rAjyAraMbha Ave. (A lekhanA saMzodhanamAM pradyatenAM 19 varSa manAyAM hovAthI pradyotane rAjyAraMbha samAdhithI 891 varSe-ma. ni. pU. 49 varSe, vi. saM. 5 459, I. sa. pU. 516 varSe Ave che) A 882 mAMthI pradyota pahelAMnA mahInetrathI ripaMjaya sudhInA cha rAjAomAMthI chellA traNasatyajita 83 varSa, vizvajita 25 varSa, ripu jaya 50 varSa-rAjAone samuccaya rAjatvakAla 83+2+50= 58 varSa bAda karIe te e samaya samAdhithI 724 varSe Ave. ene cAlu saMvatemAM pheravatAM ma. ni. pU. 216, vi. saM. pU. 626, I. sa. pU. 683 varSe Ave. protanAM 9 varSa ochAM gaNanArA A lekhanA mate e samaya ma. ni. 5. 207 vi. saM. , 617 I. sa. 5 674 Ave che. uparokata gaNanA parathI samajI zakIzuM ke, samAdhithI 723 varSe dasenane rAjyAMta thaye te pachI tarata ja eTale 724 varSe mahInetrathI ripaMjaya sadhInA cha zabaemAMthI

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28 avaMtinuM Adhipatya rAjA satyajita avantinA siMhAsane AvyuM hatuM. vaMzAvalIna lekhake avaninA rAjakartAo tarIke mahInetrAdi cha rAjAo nedhyA che paNa sAmayika kramamAM daDhasena nAmanA soLamAM bahaduratha pachI sattara bahaduratha satyajita ja nAMdhI zakAya tema che. dasethI magadhanA baha rathonI vaMzAvalI baMdha thAya che tethI spaSTa che ke, A pachI thoDAMka varSomAM zizunAga magadhanA girije Avyo hato. A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe daDhasenanA rAjyAMtathI 12 varSa zizunAga magadhapati thaye hato. pirANika gaNanA mujaba daDhasenanA rAjyAMtathI 1varSe ane A lekhanI gaNanA mujaba dasenanA rAjayAMtathI 10 varSa satyajitane rAjyAraMbha AvatuM hovAthI satyajitnA rAjyAraMbha pachI 11 varSe athavA 2 varSe zizunAga magadhAdhIza banyo hato. zizunAga giritrajamAM AvyA pahelAM kAzImAM rAjakartA hatA, tethI samajApa che ke A pahelAM kAzInA bahadarathanuM rAjya samApta thaI cUkayuM hatuM. kAzInA rAjya gumAvanAra bahadaratharAjAnuM nAma mApaNane jANavA maLatuM nathI, paNa zaMkA thAya che ke, satyajita ke je bALarAjA hAvAne saMbhava che te te nahi hoya. banavA joga che ke, satyajita game te saMjogomAM vIti nI pAchaLa avantinA siMhAsane AvyuM hoya. je Ama ja heya te, mahInetrAdi che magadhathI anya sthaLanA eTale avantinA rAjAe kahyA che, paNa kharI rIte satya Adi traNa ja rAjAo avantinA rAjaktae haI zake ane teonI pahelAMnA mahInetrAdi traNa rAjAo kAzInA rAjakartAo hAya. A rIte paNa e cha rAjAo magadhathI anya sthaLanA to che ja. magadhanA-(1) nivRtti 58 varSa, (15) trinetra 28 varSa, (16) dasena 48 varSa, A traNa rAjAonA samakAlIna mahInetra 33 varSa, sucala 32 varSa, netra 40 varSa, e traNa rAjAone samuccaya rAjatvakAla 105 varSa che. e hisAbe satyajinA rAjyAraMbhathI 105 varSa pUrve, ane satyajitanA rAjyAraMbhathI 724 varSa pUrve, A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe 733 varSa pUrve, momAdhine rAjyAraMbha thayo hate eTale somAdhithI 619 athavA 628 varSe mahInetrane rAjyAraMbha Ave. A samaya ma. ni. pU. 321 athavA 312 (vi. saM. pU. 731 ke 722, I. sa. pU. 788 ke 779) che. ma. ni. 5. 250 varSa nirvANa pAmelA zrI pArzvanA ni thI 71 varSa pUrve mahInetrane rAjyAraMbha thaye hatuM ke nahi, tene rAjyAraMbha kAzImAM thaye hato ke avantimAM thayo hato, ane je avantimAM thaye hato te vItietrAnI pAchaLa e kevA saMjogomAM AvyA hatA, tathA mahInetra kAzInI gAdIe na AvyuM hoya te bahaduratharAjA-azvasenanI vaMzAvalImAM koNa keNa rAjAo thayA ane tenI pAsethI vAhIkakulanA lokee (zizunAganuM kula vAhaka che) kAzIne jItI lIdhI, A sarva eka saMzodhanane viSaya che. mArI te kalpanA che ke, zrI pArzvanAthe A samaye eTale savanirvANuthI 71 varSa pUrve (ma. ni. pU. 321) dIkSA levAnI jAherAta karatAM, temanA pitAe mahInetrane kAzInuM rAjya sepyuM te nahi hoya, paNa Ane purA zodha joIe. bAkI, semAdhithI dasenanA jyAMta sudhI samuccaya rAjatvakAla 723 varSa nevyo che paraMtu pratyekanA rAjatvakAlane saravALe je 704 thAya che te azuddhinuM pariNAma che. mahInetrAdi cha rAjAone samuccaya

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya rAjatvakAla ra63 varSa thAya che te te samuccaya rAjatvakAla na noMdhe hevAthI, che tevI sthitimAM ja svIkAra rahyo. senanA rAjayAMtanI sAthe anusaMdhAne satyajita Adine rAjatvAkAla te barAbara ja che. - atu, daDhasenathI 12 varSe giridhvaja (magaja) mAM Avela zizunAga e eka paurANika rAjA che. maryAdi purANe A zizunAgathI kSemajita ke kSatrIjA sudhInA 4 rAjAonAM nAma ane rAjasvakAla nedhe che. e dhAmAM pAThabheda maLI Ave che. matsya putra pramANe zizunAga 40 varSa, kAkavaNuM 36 varSa, kSemadhamAM 36 varSa, ane kSejita 24 varSa ema 4 rAjAone rAjakAla 136 varSa thAya che. vAyu putra Adie zremajitanA sthAne kSatrIjA 40 varSa lakhyo che. banne sthaLe ekeka nAma cheDI dIdhuM che paNa lAge che ke, te te nAmanA banne rAjAo anukrame AvelA che, ane temAM kSatrijA e jainasAhityane prasenajita che. A kSatrIjA vidhyasenane pitA prasenajit che ke te, kSemajilthI abhinna hei, tenA nAme lakhAyalAM 40 varSamAM 24 varSane vAjatvakAla kSatrIjAne ane 16 varSa prasenajitane, ema be rAjAe che, A eka saMzodhanano viSaya che. A pachI matsyapura vidhyasenane lAve che, ke je jaina ane bauddha sAhityamAM neMdhAyelI zreNika-bimbi sAra nAmanI suprasiddha khyakti che. e banne sAhityamAMthI enA viSe ghaNuM ya jANavA maLe che, paraMtu emAM enA viSenI hakIkatenI sAlavArI bhAgyeja meLavI zakAya tema che. - bauddhagraMtha mahAvaze ene rAjavaMkAla para varSa ne che, paraMtu jainasAhityamAM te e viSenI neMdha paNa maLatI nathI. bIjI tarapha purANe zreNika (vidhisAra-vidhyasenabismisAra)ne rAjatvakAla 28 varSa nedhe che. paraMtu tenA sauthI moTA putra ane mahAmatrI abhayakumAranI kAryavAhIthI saMketAnusAra vaizAlInA mahArAjA ceTakanI kanyA cillaNAnuM tenI bahena sujhAnA badale rAjagRhImAM lAvavAnuM zakaya banyuM ane e paTarANI cihnaNAnA traNa putromAM sauthI moTA putra keNike potAnA kAlAdi daza bhAIonI sAthe mannANA karI vRddhapitA zreNikane baMdIkhAnAmAM nAMkhI dIdhe vigere jainasAhityamAM ullekhAyelI ghaTanAothI sahaja samajAya che ke puNenAM nedhelAM e 28 varSa ghaNAM ja ochAM che. putrane rAkhyArUDha karyA chatAM nivRtta pitAnI hayAtInAM varSa putranA rAjatvakAlamAM na gaNavAnI purANanI kavacit khAsIyatane laI zreNikanAM rAjatvakAlanAM zarUnAM 24 varSa tenAM na gaNAyAM hoya ema lAge che. e 24 varSa zreNikanAM gaNavAM joIe te tenA pitA prasenajitamAM naMkhAI gayAM haze. kSejita ane kSatrIjAnA rAjatvakAlamAM purANo bhina bhinna mata TAMke che, tenuM kAraNa paNa emAM ja raheluM che. kSemajinAM 24 ane kSatrIjAnAM 40 varSa tyAM lakhAyAM che, te kSejitanAM 24, kSatrIjA uSe prasenajitanAM 16+4=40 ane zreNikanAM 28 ema lakhavAM joIe, ane temAM prasenajitanAM pAchaLanAM 24 e zreNikanAM rAjyArUDha thayA pachInAM gaNavAM joIe. A rIte gAtAM prasenajitanAM e 24 ane zreNikanAM 28 ema zreNikanA rAjyanAM saravALe 24+28 para varSa thAya, ke je bimbiyAranI

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vatinuM Adhipatra sAthe vadhAre paricita bauddha sAhityanA ullekhanI-para varSanI-barobara che. zreNikanA A para varSanA rAjasvakAlamAM tenA putra keNika-ajAtazatrunAM rAjyAbhiSeka pahelAMnAM 5 varSa AvI jAya che te, je temAMthI bAda karIe te para-pa347 varSa tene rAjatvakAla Ave ane bausA hityamAM ajAtazatrunAM 3ra varSa lakhAyAM che temAM e 5 varSa umerIe te tenAM purANakta 37 varSa thAya. paraMtu e rIte zreNikanAM para mAMthI 5 ochAM karatAM, purANamAM tenAM je 28 varSa lakhAyAM che te 20 varSa lakhAvAM joIe ane 23 mAM tenA pitAnI hayAtI samayanA 24 varSa meLavI 47 karavAM joIe. [ A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe uparokta lakhANanuM tAraNa A pramANe che ma ni pU. 205 varSe zizunAga gAdIe Avyo tyArathI 15ra varSe, kSemajitu pachI AvelA kSatrIjA urphe prasenajit athavA kSemati uphe kSatrIjA pAchaLa AvelA prasenajita pachI, zreNika (bismisAra) magadhanI gAdIe AvyuM. teNe tyAM ma. ni. p. 53 thI . ni.pU. 6 (vi. saM.pU. 463 thI 416, I. sa. pU. pa0 thI 473) sudhI 47 varSa rAjaya karyuM, e pratApI rAjAe aMgadezane jItI laI khAlasA karyo ane magadha sAmrAjayane pAye nAMkhe, eTaluM ja nahi, balake magadha sAmrAjayane bahu balavAna ane kIrtimaMta banAvyuM. rAjyanA bhAge ApavAnI zarate kAlAki bhAIone hastagata karI e vRddha rAjAne tenA putre ajAtazatrue) keda karyo ane tenA para julama paNa gujAryo. keNikane pitAnA kAryane pazcAttApa thayo, paraMtu e pazcAttApane kAryamAM mukavAnA samaye ja tenA mAnasane nahi samajanAra ane kumaraNa thavAno bhaya rAkhanAra evA te pitAe-zreNike pitAnI meLe ja mRtyu verI lIdhuM. magadha sAmrAjya agiAra bhAgamAM vaheMcAyuM, paraMtu temAM sarvoparitA keNikanI ja hatI. teNe pitAnuM pATanagara rAjagRhInA badale aMgadezamAM saMpAne banAvyuM. zreNikane keda karyA pachI ma. ni. pU. 6 varSe te rAjA banyo paNa te pachI vaizAlI sAthenuM teNe AdareluM mahAna yuddha pUruM thayuM tyAM sudhI, eTale ke ma. ni. 5. 6 thI 1 (vi. saM. pU. 416 thI 41 I. sa. pU 473 thI 468) sudhI tene 5 varSane rAjatvakAla anabhiSikta ja rahyo hoya ema lAge che. bauddha sAhitye tenA nedhelA rAjattvakAlimAM A abhiSikta 5 varSa na letAM 3ra varSa lakhyAM che. jyAre purANee emAM A 5 varSa gaNI 37 varSa lakhyAM che. AthI purANa pramANe kaNikane Akho rAja. navakAla ma. ni. pU. 6 thI a. ni. 31 (vi. saM. pU416 thI 379, i. saM. (39) kadAca cAlatuM paNa haya, kAraNa ke jena sAhityamAM e yuddha bAra varSa cAlyuM hatuM ema kahevAyuM che, jemake - ."ceDamo visAliM gato, rodhakasajo Thito, / evaM bArasa vAsA jAtA rohitassa." Avazyaka cUrthi (uttarArdha) 5. 272 "ba sAvacaNo, vairASTa niraMtatA" - tri. za. pu. 1, parva 10, sarga 12, le. 8

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alalituM Adhipatya pU. 473 thI 436) sudhI Ave che je 37 varSa thAya che ane bauddha sAhitya pramANe rAjyAbhiSekathI gaNate e rAjAne rAjatvakAle ma. ni. pU. 1 thI me. ni. 31 (vi. saM. pU. 411 thI 379, i. sa. pU 468 thI 43ra) sudhI Ave, ke je 32 varSa thAya che. keNikanuM sAmrAjya vizAla hatuM; aMga, uttara kaliMgane samAvate magadha deza tene vArasAmAM ja maLyuM hatuM, temAM teNe videDane joDI dIdhuM hatuM. uttarakezala AdinI sAme teNe sarasAI meLavI hatI. enI sAmrAjya lAlasA vizeSa heI vadhatI ja jatI hatI. ane e lAlasAe ja, nahi ke bauddhagraMtha mahAvaMza kahe che tema tenA putra udayabharanI pitRvAtavRttie, tene aMta Aye hate. keNika savizeSa sAmrAjya-lAlacu hevA chatAM, tene ane te samayanA avaninA adhipatio-pAlaka, avanivardhana avanitaSeNa, e rAjAone paraspara kAMI athaDAmaNa thaI hoya evI ItihAsamAM meMdha thayelI jaNAtI nathI. - keNika viSe eka neMdha levAnI rahI jAya che te e ke, matsyapurANunA keI ekAda pAThAMtaramAM zreNika pachI eTale vidhyasena pachI kanvAyana ane bhUmimitra e be rAjAonAM nAma lakhI temane rAjattvakAla anukrame 9 ane 14 varSa lakhavAmAM Ave che, ane pachI keNika ajAtazatrunuM rAjya lakhAya che, paraMtu bauddha, jaina ane paurANika sarva ulekhamAM zreNika pachI tarata ja keNikanuM rAjya lakhyuM che. tethI e kavAyana ane bhUmimitra magadhanI mukhya zAkhAnA rAjAo nathI ja. teo kayAMnA rAjAo haze e nakakI karavuM muzkela che. saMbhava che ke, zreNikanA keNika sivAya ke anya putranA teo vArasadAra hoI rAjagRhInI cAlu rakhAyelI gAdInA rAjakartAo ane purANamAM dhelA vaMzaka (harSaka, darbhaka, darzaka, vardhakonA athavA bhAsanI svapnavAsavadattAmAM raju karAyelA pAtra rAjA dazakanA purogAmIo haze. * himavaMta gherAvalI, zrIhemacandrasUrinuM pariziSTa parva, vigere jenagraMthamAM keNika pachI udAyInuM rAjya lakhAyuM che. keNike potAnA pitA zreNikane keda karyo tyAra tene putra A udAyI be traNa varSane bAlaka hatuM, e ullekha che tethI te gAdIe AvyA tyAre tenI vaya Azare 40 varSanI haze ema lAge che, kemake zreNikane keda karyA pachInAM 37 varSa keNikanA rAjatvakAlanAM pUrve nakI karyo che. jainagraMthanI jema bauDha paNa zreNika pachI keNikanuM ja zAnya lakhe che. - zreNika ane keNikathI vadhAre paricita jaina ane bauddhagraMthathI bhinna mata darzAvatAM purANe keNika pachI vazaka (darzaka) nuM rAjya lakhe che, paraMtu te magadhanI mukhya gAdIne rAjA nathI, vigere spaSTIkaraNa huM AgaLa karIza tethI jaNAze ke keNikanA uttarAdhikArI tene putra udAyI ja che.

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ati badhitva janasAhitya spaSTa ulekha thI, te kavacita upalakSaNathI udAyI rAjAne rAjyAMta ma. ni. dara varSe jaNAve che, paNa te tenA rAjyAraMbhanA samayane jaNAvatuM nathI, ane tethI udAyIna rAjavakAlane nakkI karavAnuM muzkela bane che. "ma. ni. 31 varSe pATalIputra vasAvI tyAMthI A rAjAe zAsana karavA mAMDayuM" e ulalekha karatI himavaMta therAvalI ja phakata A muzkelIne dUra kare che, therAvalanA ullekhathI ane janasAhityamAM neMdhelA udAyInA rAjyatathI siddha thAya che ke, ma. ni. 31 thI 60 sudhI (vi. saM. 5 479 thI 450, I sa. pU. 436 thI 407 sudhI) 29 varSa udAyIne rAjatvakAla hato. ( purANe udAyI (udAsI) ne rAjatvakAla, himavata therAvalIthI siddha thatAM ra9 varSa karatAM 4 varSa vadhAre, 33 varSa lakhe che. himavaMta rAvalI ma. ni. 31 varSe pATalIputra vasAvyAnI vAta kare che. "karavA mAMDayuM te karyuM" e jana siddhAMta pramANe paNa anya apekSAe pATalIputra vasAvyAnI zarUAta karI, e ene artha thAya che. purANa kahe che tema, 4 varSe eTale ma ni. 35 varSe e kArya purUM thayuM haze. uparokta abhiprAyathI bhinna paDatAM purANa, udAyIe rAjya para AvyA pachI 4 varSe pATalIputra vasAvyuM eTale vasAvavAnI zarUAta karI, evI mAnyatAthI pATalIputra vasAvavAnI zarUAta pahelAMnAM 4 varSa udAyInA rAjatvakAlamAM vadhArI 29 nA badale 33 varSa e rAjAnA rAjavakAlanAM jaNAvatAM lAge che. A eka vikalpa che. paraMtuM vadhAre saMbhava tarIke bIjo vikalpa e che ke, purANoe keNikanA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM 4 varSa keNikamAM kAyama rAkhI udAyImAM nAkhI dIdhAM che eTale e 4 varSa bevaDAI gayAM che. keNike sAmrAjaya vadhAvAnI lAlasAe-jenagraMthanA kahevA pramANe cakravartitva thavAnI lAlasAe teNe eka lAMbI yuddhayAtrA AraMbhI hatI, ke je yuddhayAtrAmAM aMte tenuM mRtyu thayuM hatuM. saMbhava che ke A yuddhayAtrA ma. ni. 27 varSe AraMbhAI hoya ane te vakhate teNe sAmrAjyanuM sUtra pitAnA lAyaka putra udAyInA hAthamAM mukyuM hoya. purANee, potAnI khAsIyata pramANe, e pachI keNika jIvyo tyAM sudhInAM 4 varSa hAthInA mAthe caDhAvI dIdhAM lAge che, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu keNikane 37 varSa rAjatvakAla lakhanArAM purANAe e 4 varSa keNikanA mAthe paNa kAyama rAkhyAM che. jenasAhitya kaNikanA mRtyu bAda ja udAyIne. jyAraMbha gaNI e 4 varSane keNikanA phaLe nAkhe che. Ama purANenI ane jainagraMthanI mAnyatA pramANe udAyIno rAjavaMkAla ra9 varSa karatAM ocho nathI ja. chatAM bauddhagraMtha e parama dhArmika rAjAne zire pitRghAtakapaNAno Aropa muktAM na acakAI, tene rAjatvakAla phakta 16 varSane ja jaNAve che. 8. udAyI ane tene pachI AvanArA nandA saMpUrNatayA navanI asara taLe AvelA heI, temanA viSe bahu paricita nahi evAM purANa ane avagaNanAnI draSTithI jotA boddha pATalIputranA siMhAsane koI peTAzAkhAnA rAjAone ghusADI daI amuka aMze

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avatinuM priya maNabheda kare che te banavAjoga che. AvI sthitimAM aha5 paNa banatI sAvacetIthI potAne upayogI evI hakIkate tuM jainasAhitya ja vadhAre AdhArabhUta hoI zake. ma. ni. 60 varSe udAyInuM mRtyu ane gaNikAthI utpanna nApitaputra nandane rAjyAbhika, e janasAhityanI ati cekasAIbharI nedha che. ene anusaratAM, ma. ni. 20 sauthI thAkata udAyInAM 16 varSa ane aAtazatru (keNika) nAM 3ra varSa ema 48 varSa bAda karIe te ajAtazatrune jyArala ma. ni. 12 varSe Ave. pariNAme aAtazatrunA rAjakAjamAM manAtuM buddha ane mahAvIranuM astitva ja ghaTI zake nahi. Ama banavuM e kharekhara harakeI praNAlikA ane ItihAsanAM anya sAdhanothI viruddha che. A asaMgatatA TALavA, ajAtazatrunA sajatvakAlane buddha ane mahAvIranA jIvanakAlamAM, vadhAre nahi to paNa zeDo ghaNe lAvavA ajAtazatru ane udAyInAM je bauddha praNAlikA pramANe 48, va che, temAM vadhAre karavuM ja joIe. arthAta ajAtazatrunA ne badale purANamAM ullekhita 37 ane udAyInA 16 ne badale himavaMta therAvalIthI siddha thatAM 29 varSa svIkAravAM ja joIe, Ama chatAM asaMgata evAM udAyInAM 10 varSa lakhavAnuM kAraNa e che ke, bauddhagraMthAe udAyInA rAjatvakAlanI vacce ja keI anya sthaLanI anurUddha-muDathI laI kAsaganA putra sudhInI vaMzAvalI pATalIputranA siMhAsane brAntithI goThavI dIdhI che, ke je AgaLa para spaSTa karavAmAM Avaze. . . . ke dara udAthIe pitAnA pitA taraWI maLelA magadha sAmrAjyanA vArasAne bAbA sAcavyo hato ane tene vistAra tathA varcasva vadhAryuM hatuM. zrI hemacaMdrasUrIzvarajI kahe che ke, "dhahAni pahoMce tevI rIte kSAtratejane prabhAva pADatA teNe-udAyIe rAjAene cothA upAyathI athata haThathI sevaka banAvyA hatA. tenAthI atyaMta dabAyelA te rAyakA dAyInA astitva paryata pitAnA mATe rAjayasukha mAnatA na hatA, magadhasAmrAjyanA pazcimamAM ja aDoaDa pathAro nAMkhIne vizAla avanti sAmrAjya paDayuM che, tene magadha sAmrAjyanI A sarasAIthI bhaya ane asahanazIlatA utpanna thAya e svAbhAvika che ane ethI hAthInA mAne te vakhatanA avanti-avantipaNe zarUAtamAM uttejana gAyuM hatuM, paraMtu udAyIe avanti5ra AkramaNa karI avanirAjane namAvyo hoya ke tene koI saMdhi karavAnI pharaja paDI hoya ema jainasAhitya bAlatuM nathI. " Ama chatAM "pATalIputranA aja-udathIe antirAja sAthe yuddha karI tene harAvI saMdhi karavAnI pharaja pADI" ema purANanA AdhAre keTalAke lakhI rahyA che. "paTanAnI (40) sa dharmAbAghayA kSAtra-mapi tejaHprabhAvayan / AtmanaH sevakAMzcake, turyopAyena bhUpatIn ||raajaano'tyntmaakaantaa-ste tu sarve'pyacintayan / yAvanIvatyudAyyeSa, tAvadrAjya pariziSTa parva. . 187, 88.

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vatinuM aAdhipatya nadIkamAM nIkaLelI mUrtio paranA zrIyut jayasvAlanA vAMcana mujaba, temAM lakhelA huM Aja ' ane ninti e, ajAtazatru pachI AvelA dhakahaeNka (darzaka)nA anugAmI je udAyI ane nantivana che, te ja che, kemake bhAgavatamAM udAyInA sthAne aja (ajaya) ane nantivananA sthAne ajeya tathA vAyupurANamAM nirjhinanA sthAne tivana nAma lakhavAmAM Avyu che Ama jyAre aja e pATalIputranA kAcI che tA pachI avantirAja sAthe yuddhAdi karanAra aja udAyIthI bhinna na hovA joIe. evI e sazASakAnI mAnyatA hAI udAcInuM mAdhipatya atrantipara thayuM hatu ema mAnI le te te banavAjoga che. " te paNa prazna thAya che ke, jaina khauddha ane paurANika sAhityamAM udAyI tarIke eALakhAtA e mahAn samrATna aja-udayI evu mizra nAma kema lakhAyu ? vaLI udvAcInuM uddayI kema anI gayuM? jo udvAcInuM eka nAma aja hatuM te te nAmathI hakIkata TaTatAM zI harata hatI? A praznonA javAma maLI zake tema nathI. tema bIjI tarapha purANA vizAkha cUpa pachI ajaka, ajanaka, sUcaka evA evA nAmavALA rAjane lAve che. ane e udAyI tA nathI ja ema tenA rAjatvaDhAla vigerethI lAge che, te AA ajaya e aja-uDDayana kahevAtA hAya paNa aparicitapaNAne laI purANAe tene aja-udayI lakhyo haze, ema lAge che. aja-udayana tarIke oLakhAvavAnu kAraNa e che ke, tenA janma ke janaka jaNAye na hatA ane te vatsarAja udayana pachI khAvelA ajitasenanA anaurasa putra DAi udayana vaMzI manAtA hatA gopAlanA putra Aya-ajakanI sAthe athavA mAtRvata purANa pramANe kdAca oLakhAvAtA udAyInA eka nAma 'ajaya' nI sAthe nAmanA ekyA bhrAntina thAya athavA teA anya game te kAraNe-ajane jainasAhityanA maNiprabhane udayananI vizeSaNatAthI eLakhAvyA che; oLakhAyo hAvA saMbhava che. A Nuprasane ane avanti rAjane athaDAmaNu yuddha thayuM hatuM. ane aMte sa Mdhi thaI hatI. e vAta te hu pALako viSe lakhatAM jaNAvIja gayA cheM. e acaDhAmaNane pATalIputranA udAyI joDe saMbadha nathI, kemake aja-udayI tarIke lakhAto udAyI nathI paNa aja-udayana maNiprabha che. bAkI udAyInA mAMDalika rAjagRhInA rAjA nadivAne yuddha dvArA vatsa ane avantine namAvI khAlasA karyA che, emAM vatsanA mAkramaNa prasaMge udAyI samrATa hovAnA saMbhava che; tethI vatsarAja, ke je antarAja paNa hatA. tenI sAthenI nantivananI jIta, saMdhi, vigere udAyInA brahmAtmaka aja-udayI nAma para caDhAvavAmAM AvyAM hAya tA te paNa anavA sabhava che. khAkI avantimAMthI pAlavaza dUra thayA aMte udAyI pachI AvelA nanda pahelAnA samayamAM ja banyuM hatuM. pradyotathI pahelAMnA bRhadratha ke vItihatra rAjAe kye dhama mAnatA hatA. e jANavAnuM sAdhana jainasAhityamAMthI maLatu nathI, paNa pradyotanA pitA AvA jaina

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vati ApiyA hatA, ama zrI hemacaMdrasUrijI lakhe che. te zrI pArzvanAthanI paraMparAne upAsaka hero joIe. pitA taraphathI protane janatvane vArase mane hatuM, paNa teNe pitAnA prAthamika jIvanamAM e vArasAne barAbara amalamAM mukaye heya ema jaNAtuM nathI. mahAvIranA kevalIjIvananA vihAranI cokakasa mAhitI keIpaNa rIte meLavI zakIe tema nathI. tethI avanimAM Dapradyota ane zrI mahAvIrane melApa ApaNe kalpI zakIe nahi. chatAM e te nakakI che ke, A zaja zrI mahAvIranA zima svayaMbuddha kapilarSinA samAgamamAM Avyo hato. ane te avantimAM ja, eNe RSi pAse zrImahAvIranI mUrtinI adalAbadalImAM te matine makAna hatuM. pradyotanA A AcaraNathI ane udAyana sAthenA dazapuramAMnA zrAvaka tarIke dekhADavAnA tenA vyavahArathI tenAmAM viSaya lupatAnuM jevuM pradarzana thAya che, tevuM dhArmikatAnuM pradarzana thatuM nathI. paraMtu vatsanA zatAnIka rAjAnI rANuM mRgAvatInI prati tenI durbhAvanAnA aniSTa prasaMge tene kauzAmbImAM zrImahAvIrano samAgama thayo tyAre tene patAvIne ya sAMbhaLyo hate. ane namra banyuM hatuM. te vItabhaya paTaNathI devAdhideva zrI mahAvIranI pratimA lAvyA hatA. e pratimA teNe vidizAnA bhAyala svAmi nAmanA vyApArIne pUjavA soMpI hatI. samaya vItatAM pradyote e vANIyAnA nAmathI devakIya"pura vasAvI A tIrthanA nirvAha mATe ghaNAM gAma ApyAM hatAM. tenI rANI ceTakAnanI putrI ane gopAlanI mAtA-zivadevI, devAdhideva vivasvAmi mahAvIranI pratimA sAthe vitalayathI lavAyelI varSagulikA ane paTarANI aMgAravatI, vigerethI A rAjanuM aMtapura navAtAvaraNamaya hatuM. zivAdevI, aMgAravatI Adi tenI rANIee tenI sammati pUrvaka cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM hatuM. tenA vaMzajemAM gopAla, pAlaka, avantivardhana, rASTravananI strI vAriNI vigeree paNa cAritra jIvanamAM praveza karyo hate. zAnti, sAdhvI mAtAnA khulAsAthI nAnA bhAI maNiprabha sAthe yuddha karatAM nivaryo hate. A sarvaparathI samajAya che ke caMDamaghAta ane tenA vaMzaja pAlaka vigere ava. tipatio jana hatA. purANe temanA mATe halakA abhiprAya darzAve che ane bauddha sAhitya temane jevuM joIe tevuM sIdhuM sparzatuM nathI tathA temanA kuladharma jaina che, e sAthe temanA vedika ke bauddha na hovAnuM ne jena hevAnuM samarthana karI rahyuM che. A pAlake nA upadeza gurUo ane dIkSAgurUo viSe paricaya ApaNane jena sAhitya ApatuM nathI paNa teo mahAvIranA zAyananA pracArake ja haze emAM te zaMkA ja nathI. pAlakanA samaya daramiyAna magadhamAM rAjakartAe keNikane udAyI hatA. keNikaaAtazatrunA pitAmaha prasenajita zrI pArzvanAthana zAsananA zrama pAsaka hatA, paraMtu . (4) zaunA mA...Ava sitte mA tri. e. pu. 2. parva 10. sa 11 de je rojikumA-mama mAtApitA raDatA A. cU. 5. pR. 401 (11) zrImatpArzvajinAdhIza-zAsanAMbhojaSaTpadaH / samyagdarzanapuNyAtmA so'Nuvratadha. tri. . 3 ca parva 10 sa ka jo huM ro'bhavat /

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avaMti Adhitva temane putra zreNika jainatya tarapha zraddhAzIla na hoya evo cillaNAnA paricaya pahelAM tene AlekhavAmAM AvyuM che. mahAvazamAM lakhyuM che ke, be zAka buddhane mitra hato. zarUAtamAM buddha tarapha tenI zraddhA amukAze vaLI hoya ema bauddharAthI samaya che. paNa anAthImuninA prasaMgamAM ane cilaNAnA sahavAsamAM AvatAM te mahAvIrane ta ane custa jaina banyuM hatuM. jenacaMdee tene pa2mAhata tarIke Alekhe che. tenA aMtaHpuranI saMkhyAbaMdha rANIoe ane temanA kumAra e zrI mahAvIrane upadeza sAMbhaLI janadIkSA aMgIkAra karI che. tenI rAjadhAnImAM mahAvIre 14 cAtumArsa gALyAM hatAM. e rAjAe kaliMgamAM zrItrASabhadevanuM citya ane sAdhuone vasavA cagya evI guphAo karAvI hatI, ema himavata therAvalI lakhe che. enA putra keNike paNa kalaMgamAM 5 guphAo karAvI hatI, ema therAvalInuM kathana che. keNike bhalene, buddhanI mulAkAta lIdhI hoya, paNa e gherAvalI Adi jena sAhityathI jANavA maLe che ke, e rAjA jainadharmane utkRSTa zaka hatA. zrI mahAvIranA ane sudhAmAM svAmInA caMpAmAM Agamana samaye teNe je sAkAra karyo che te jainasAhityamAM eka nidazanarUpa che, tenA aMtima jIvanamAM abhimAna bharI zakyulAlasAne laI te yuddhayAtrAmAM paDaye hatuM, paNa tethI tenuM jainatva maMTayuM hoya e koI purA nathI. tenA pachI AvanA2 mahArAjA udAyI te parama jaina hatuM, ema nAghathe lakhe che. enuM maraNa paNa tenI dhArmika custatAne eThAM nIce ja tene vidhIme nIpajAvyuM hatuM - bA samaye magadhanA rAjAone jema vahyakauzAmbInA rAjAo udayana ane tenA vAraso paNa jaina hatA. udayanI mAtA mRgAvatI ane tenI phaI jAti vigeree zrI mahAvIra pAse dIkSA aMgIkAra karI hatI mahAvIra jyAre jyAre kozAmbImAM padhAryA che, tyAre tyAre udayana rAjAe aIva savAra sAthe temane sAMbhaLyA che. tenI rANI caMDamaghotanI putrI vAsavadattA, e sAsumArapuranA dhuMdhumArarAjAnI jainadharma custa aMgAravatInI putrI hoI, te pitAnI mAtAnA dhArmika saMskAra nija jIvanamAM utAryA hatA. udayana pachI gAdIe AvanAra ajitasenanI tAnAzAlAmAM sAdhvIone vasati apAyAne uvekha che, e tenA jainatvane ja sUcaka che. ajitasenanuM aMtarapura sAdhvIonA satata paricayamAM hatuM. ajitasena 5chI AvanAra maNiprabha te tenI mAtA-sAdhvInA paricayamAM Avyo ja (43).... "magbAlAma-zvarapurA roja vidhi lijiritA NAhivassAiva maNoharo jiNapAsAo jimmAo hothaa| tammi yaNa suvaNNamayo risahesa.' paDimA sirisoDamagaNaharehiM pAhimA mAsI / puNo vi teNa kAleNe teNaM samapaNe teva seNiyavaraNiveNa NiggaThANaM NiggaMThINa ya vAsAvAsalu tammi ya pavvayajualammi aNege haor vi : " "seNiyaNivaputto ajAyasatta koNiyAvaraNAmadhijo...se vi yaNiyapiuna jiNadhammArAhaNaTTho ukiTo samaNovAsamo AsI veNa vi titthabhUe kaliMgadaDhe tammi ya kumarakumArIgirijuyale NiyaNAmakiyA paMcalegA ikiNAiyA / himavata gherAvalI. mudrita. . .

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. avatinuM Adhipatya che hoya e savabhAvika che. ma. ni. 18 va ceTa rAjAne putra zobhanaya kaliMganA kanakapuranI gAdIe tenA sasarAnA sthAne Avye hate hai parama jena hate. A samaye anya paNuM ane dezanA rAjAo nAmane pALatA ke Adara ApatA jaNAyA che. siddhArtha putra zamaNu mahAvIre pitAnAM kevalI chavAmAM 30 thI daramIyAnA bhAvamAM vihAra karyo hato ane temaNe pApaDAvI levAyelA tathA vizeSa gherAtA prAcIna jainatvane prakAza khule karI, je svAvAdane ane ahiMsaMdhama-tapane saMdeza AyajanatAne saMbhaLAvyuM hatuM, tenuM vAtAvaraNa temanAM nivaNa pInAM 60 varSomAM paNa sarvatra guMjI rahyuM hatuM. avani sAmrAjaya, magadha sAmrAjya ane vatsa tathA kaliMganuM rAjaya enA rAjakata. e jaina hoI, tyAM rAjayadharma jaina ane hate. prAcIna jainatvane pachI cika rUpAntarane pAmelA AjIvika saMpradAya tathA bauddha saMpradAyane maryAdita pradeza ane jana tAmAM pravartI rahelo hate. jena, AjIvika ane bauhAki banI paDakhe vahete vedika dhama pitAnuM vaheNa kAyama rAkhavA mathI rahyo hato. jenalama e sarvanA prati sahiNa, ane ApekSikadraSTithI sahadavRttivALe hate ene prabhAva enI leketaramahattAmAM ja hate. jainazAsananA ekamAtra netA svAmI sudharmA ane jaMbU tathA temanA AjhAvattI pramANa zamaNIe A vakhate bhArata janatAne jainadhamanI AcAra vicAra viSayaka lokenara-maha, rAthI paricIta karI kalyANanA mArga deratAM hatAM. pAvalInA AdhAre jANavA maLe che ke, zrI mahAvIra trivaNa pAmyA tyAre zrI. gautamasavAmIne kevalajJAna thayuM hatuM. teo 12 varSa kevalI jIvana jIvI mukata thayA hatA. mahAvIrane zamaNusaMdha zrIgautamane nahi, paNa suSamaNavAmIne suprata thayo hato. teo ma. ni 12 varSe kevalI ane 20 varSa sukata thayA hatA temanA pade jabUsvAmI AvyA ke jeo ma ni. 20 varSa kevala ane ma. ni. 64 matAMtare 70 varSa mukata thayA. udAyIna rAjayane aMta ane nAjanA rAjayane prAraMbha thayo, tyAre zrI jaMbUsavAmI A vatamAM vicArI rahyA hatA. atyAre temanA kevalI jIvananuM 41 muM varSa vatI rahyuM hatuM. asaMkhya nama, sthApatya, graMthe, lekhe vigerene nAza karanArI kudarate zrI mahAvIranA sthAne AvanArA temanA sarvazreSTha pratinidhionA jIvana viSe bahu ja alpa, kavacita nahi jevI ja noMdha rahevA dIdhI che, tethI prAcIna samayanA yugapradhAnemAMnA uparAMta sudharmosvAmI, jaMbusavAmI vigerenI dhArmika jAhera pravRtio viSe ApaNane bahu ja ochuM jANavA maLe che. (43) mukavA , pANInuM pari. 35tairAka, savaH rAtavANA, pariziSTa parva. carma, 7 le* 81 (44) so rAyAbhisegeNa abhisitto, rAyA jAto. DamaDamayamA dAsoci na ja rila vaoNri... vimAvi, vi kAti) pArijA ratA ,

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nandavaMza 95 varSa, ma. ni. 60-155 . (vi. saM5. 35155. I.sa.5, 407-312) nakAlagaNanAnI bIjI gAthAnA prathama caraNamAM pAlakanA-pAlakavaMzanA rAjatvAla kahyA mA vakhA () nAthaho vaMvA e dvitIya caraNathI none rAjavAha kahyo che. pAlake avanimAM rahI rAjya karatA hatA, ane e pATalIputramAM rahI rAjya karyuM che. e ItihAsa prasiddha hakIkata che. Ama pATanagaranI apekSAe pAlaka ane nando linna bhinna sthaLanA che, paNa AdhipatyanI apekSAe teo ekaja sthaLanAavatinA che, ane tethI pAlakavaMza pachI nAnA vaMzanuM avataraNa kAlagaNanAnI gAthAmAM karAyuM che ke koI svachaMdI anusaMdhAna mAtra nathI. "samudrapayAnA rAjAonI lakSmI prathamananAne AdhIne karavAmAM AvI hatI." ema zrI hemacandrasUrijI lakhe che e parathI prathama nandanuM Adhipatya baMgAla upasAgara ane arabI samudrapad vistaryuM hatuM e abhiprAya nIkaLe che. purANe paNa kahe che ke, magadhanA ja nanivadhane pAlakanuM rAjya khAlasA karyuM hatuM ane tene magadha sAmrAjyamAM joDI dIdhuM hatuM. nandasAmrAjyane baLajabarIthI kabajemeLavanAra mauryacaMdragupta pitAnA pazcima prAMtanA subA puSyagupta mAraphate saurASTramAM giranAra nI taLeTI AgaLa azokanA zilAlekha ane jarmanI vacce sudarzana nAmanuM taLAva 2myuM hatuM, ke jene ilekha, azeranI lekhazilA upa2 ketarAyelA rUdradAmananA lekhamAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. AthI sAbIta thAya che ke, manarAjAo ane temanI pachInA morya rAjAo bhAratanA pazcima prAMtamAM ke bAbI samudra sudhI Adhipatya bhogavatA hatA. pAlakanuM bhavanti sAmrAjaya e pazcimamAMtene ja moTe bhAga hatuM temanA anugAmI, ma. gaSanA nanavaMzI ne mauryavaMzI samrATonuM tyAM Adhipatya hoya ja. rUdradAmananA lekhathI tathA upara TakelA anya ulekhothI samarthana thAya che ke, e pazcimIya prAMtamAM saurASTAdine vadhAro karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A kArya prathamanane ja karyuM hatuM. - Ama avanti52nonuM Adhipatya sAbIta thatAM, kAlagaNanA nAnA rAjatvakAlanI je noMdha le che te, tenI AkhI dhanA lakSya mujaba avantinA adhipatio tarIkenI ja che, e paNa sAbIta thAya che. himavaMta zUrAvalI Adi pramANe mAni 60 varSa pATalIpatramAM udAyI pachI nandapahelAnA rAjayanI zarUAta ane kAlagaNanA pramANe e ja varSe avanimAM pAlakaza pachI navavaMzanuM-nandapahelAnuM Adhipatya, A bane hakIkate Apa ne jaNAve che ke, nAnApahelAe gAdI para AvyA pachI thoDA mahinAomAM ja avanine jItI lIdhela hovuM joie, ke e chatamAM AgaLa paDato bhAga sAmrAjayanA mAMDalika ane senAnI nanivArane lIdhe haze. pradhAne goThavelI paMtha divya paddhatithI ayva-udhayInA pATalIputranA siMhAsane na paTele Aje tyAre zarUAtamAM koI virodha thayuM hatuM, paNa e vire tenA

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avatiyuM Adhipatya puNyabaLe game te sAdhanathI tatkALa ja nAza pAmyo hato. ane avantipara vijaya meLavI zake evuM sarva prakAranuM baLa bahu a5samayamAM ja tenA tAbe thaI gayuM hatuM. jema jema sAhitya jaNAve che. te pachI e nanda pahelAe potAnA rAjyanA pahelA varSamAM ja avani para vijaya meLavI tene khAlasA karyuM hoya te te na mAnavAnuM kAMI kAraNa nathI. ( purANe avantine jItanAra ane magadha sAmrAjyamAM tene joDanAra tarIke najivAI. nane mAne che. jenasAhitya nandavaMzanA prathama purUSane prathama najara tarIke ja oLakhAve che. tenA koI vizeSa nAmane ahiM ullekha nathI. e prathamanandanuM nAma najivana hoI purANanuM najivana banI gayuM hoya te koI tyAM purA nathI. bAkI navananAthI alaga koI nanTivardhana nAmanI vyakita pATalIputranA samrA tarIke AvI hatI, ema jaina sAhityathI te jANavA maLatuM nathI. purAze ane graMtha sAhityanA havethI viruddha 8. kAri jAne kahAthI upasaMta anya keTalAka rAjAone pATalIputranA siMhAsana para besADI de che. tathA cAlu jenasaMpradAya na ne rAjatvakAla, mani, 155 sudhI eTale mani. 60 thI 155 ema 95 varSa nahi paraMtu ma. ni. 0-155=155 varSa mAne che, tethI A sthaLe vaNe ja guMcavADo ubho thAya che. e guMcavADAne anubhava mI vIsenTa hamIlane paNa thayo che. 45e guMcavADAne dUra karavA bauddhagraMthomAM ane purANamAM AvelI ajAtazatruthI laI navanana sudhInI vaMzAvalIe barAbara tapAsavI joIe. ane emAM je kAMi samajaphera thaI hoya tene zuddha karavI joIe, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu cAlu jenA saMpradAya jene 155 varSa rAjatvakAla mAne che, te kevI rIte 5 varSa ja che e paNa spaSTatA karI devI joIe. bauddha sAhityamAM buddhanA parinirvANa pUre 8. AkhamAM sAbIta karelI gaNanA pramANe ma.ni. pU. 1 varSe-ajAtazatru (keNika)ne zayAbhiSeka thaye hatuM ema jaNAvyuM che. e pachI e sAhitya lakhe che ke, ajAtazatrue 32 varSa ane tenA pachI AvanAra tenA putra udathI-udayabhaTTe (udAyIe) 16 varSa rAjya karyuM. Ama teNe be rAjAone 48 varSa rAjatvakAla lakhI udayabhadda pachI AvanAra rAjAonAM nAma anurUddha ane muTha jaNAvI temane bhego 8 varSa rAjatvakAla lakhe che. A pachI tyAM anukrame AvanAra rAjAomAM nAgahAsakanAM 24 varSa, susunAganAM 18 varSa, kAlasekanAM 28 varSa ane kalAkanA dazaputranA 22 varSa naMdhI e vaMzAvalIne navananA rara varSanA rAjatvakAlanA prAraMbha sudhI laI javAmAM AvI che, bauddha sAhityamAM anurUddha-muhuDathI laI kAlAekanA zaputra sudhInA rAjAone udAyInA anugAmI tarIke ja besADayA che, paNa jena sAhitya ane purANa temanAM nAma vigere viSe IzAre suddhAM karatAM nathI. (45) hindustAnane prAcIna ItihAsa (gu. va. se. bhA.) pa. pU. 54, 55 A biMduethI zarU thatA peregrApha. (46) mahAvaMza pariccheda-4 ane 5

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avatinuM Adhipatya - purANe uparokata bismisAra (zreNika) pachInI vaMzAvalI judI ja rIte Alekhe che. tyAM udAsI (hadAyI-udayama-ajaya) pahelAM-kavacita ajAtazatruthI paNa pahelAM eka vaMza (harSadarzaka-darzaka-dhaba) nAmanA rAjAnuM nAma lakho tene 24, 25 ke 35 varSa rAjatvAla jaNAvI pachI udAsInAM 33 varSa lakhe che. A udAsI bAda teo nanDivAI nanAM 40 ke 42 va tathA te pachI mahAnandInAM 43 varSa lakhI A vaMzAvalIne 100 vaLanA rAjatvakAlavALA mahApAli navanandanA AraMbha sudhI laI jAya che. 49 jena sAhitya ajAtazatrunA (koNikanA) rAjayAraMbha ane sAmrAjayAraMbhanA samayathI anukrame 66 ane dara varSe udAyInA rAjyane aMta ane navananA rAjakAraMbhane mUke che, tethI hAthI ane navanandanA jayA vacce bIlakula aMtara paDatuM nathI. jyAre baja sAhitya ajAtazatrunA rAjabhAraMbhathI 14 varSa jeTale dara navananA rAjyAraMbhane laI jatAM udAyInA rAjapane aMta ane navanAnA rAjyAraMbha vacce 100 varSanuM aMtara pI rahyuM che, 49 ane ajAtazatrunAM 36 ke 26, vaMzakanA 24, 25 ke 35 ane udAsInAM 33 varSa mAnanArAM purANe ajAtazatrunA rAjyAraMbhathI navanonA rAjyAraMbhane, bauddha sAhityathI paNa vaghAra karata2, 167thI 190 varSa sudhI dUra laI jatAM udAyInAM zAyata ane navanonA rAjayAraNa vAge 40+=ke 85 varSanuM aMtara paDe che udAyInA rAjAMta ane navananA kAra vacce uparokta rIte, jaina sAhitya sAthe asaMgata lAMbA AvI paDatA akSara parathI samajAya che ke, bauddha graMkta vizAvarlInA anurUddha muDa vigere pATalIputranA hAthI ane na samrATonA adhipatya (47) rU purANamAM pa Na zA mA' e pATha che, vAyupurANamAM dAratyAhindu samA mAne' pAka che. vAyunA pAThamAM lekamAM nava akSara che tethI "g vadhAre hoI asala vAna hovuM joIe ema lAge che. paNa anuSTramAM nava akSara hoI zake che tethI vAyupurANune pATha ja ThIka che. 40 varSa rAjavaMkAla e prathamanandane che, nahi ke nadivardhanane. (48) jIo TIpaNu-31, (4) ajAtazatrunAM 32 varSa ane udAyInAM 16 varSa ema 48 varSa thayAM eTale ajAtazatrunA rAjyAraMbhathI udAyIne rAjyAMta 48 varSa ane navanabdone. rAjayaMta 148 varSa thaye hato. A hisAbe udAyInAM rajavAtathI nava no rAjyati 148-48-100 varSe AvyA. (50) ajAtazatrunA rAjyAraMbhathI udAyIne rAjyata ochAmAM ochA ajAtazatru 27, vaMzaka 24, udAyI 30, ema 84 ane vadhAremAM vadhAre ajAtazatru 77, vaMzaka 35, udAyI 33, ema 15 varSa Ave che, ane ajAtazatranA rAjyAraMbhathI navanone rAjayaraMbha ochAmAM ochA ajAtathavuM 27, vaMzaka 24, udAyI 33, nanivadhana 40, mahAnadi ka8, ema 167 tathA vadhArethAM vadhAre ajata 37 vaMzaka 75, udAthI 34, nandivardhana 42, mahAnani 43, ema 190 varSa Ave che. A hisAbe dAyInA rAjyAMkathI navanadAno rAjyAraMbha nandivardhananI 40 varSanI gaNatarIe 167 -84=83 athavA nandavardhananI 42 varSanI gaNatarIe 19-15=45 varSa Ave.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya nIcenI koI anya sthaLanI peTA zAkhAmAM mAMDalika rAjAo hevA joIe, ane e zAkhA nAnA rAjyAMtathI 22 varSa pahelAM samApta thatAM te sthaLamAM pATalIputranA nandavaMzanI sIdhI sattA sthapAI hovI joIe. jana paraMparA nadone rAjakAla 155 varSa, himavaMta therAvalI Adi 94 ke 95 varSa ane parANe 100 varSa lakhe che, tyAre ItihAsamAM vividha ghaTanAo aMge vividha rIte prasiddha evA A nandavaMzane rAjatvakAla bauddha graMthamAM phakta 22 varSano ja lakhavAmAM Ave che. te kavacita tyAM nanda zabadano ullekha suddhAM karavAmAM AvyuM nathI. AthI e sUcita thAya che ke, bauddha graMthee sthaLane goTALo karI 51 pATalIputra sivAya keI anya sthaLanI peTA zAkhAnI ja vaMzAvalIne neMdhI che. mahAvaMzano nAgadAsaka ane purANene nandivardhana je bhinna ja vyakti hoya te e peTAzAkhA zAlImAM rAjya karatI hovI joIe. udAyInA rAja tvakAlanA 10 varSa e zAkhA sthapAI haze ke kema e eka prazna che. vizAlImAM A peTAzAkhA hevAnuM anumAna karavAnuM kAraNa e che ke, vaizAlImAM bIjI bauddha samiti karAI hatI teno samaya nedhatAM mahAvaMza lakhe che ke, "A samiti kAlAsokanA rAjyamAM 10 varSa vItatAM bharAI hatI ane hamaNAM buddha parinirvANane 100 varSa thayAM che." mahAvaMzanI A neMdha ApaNane evA anumAna para laI jAya che ke, kAlAseka jemAM che e bauddha graMthaH vaMzAvalInA rAjAone vaizAlI sAtheja ghaniSTa saMbaMdha che, nahi ke keI anya sthaLanI sAthe. - uparokta rIte bauddha graMthomAM dhelI anurUddha muDAdi zajAonI vaMzAvalI pATalIputranA rAjAonI nahi paraMtu tenA tAbAnA anya sthaLanA rAjAonI che, tevI ja rIte purANomAM seMdhAyelA vaMza, nanivardhana paNa kaI anyasthaLanI vaMzAvalInA rAjAo che. teo zizunAgavaMzI che e purANanA kathanane mAnya karIe, paraMtu temanA mATe pATalI putranA samrATa tarIkenuM purANanuM kathana barAbara nathI. e rAjAo pATalIputranA samrATa nahi paraMtu e samrATenA tAbAnA lagabhaga svatantra jevA mAMDalike ja hevA saMbhava che. bauddha sAhitya je vaMzAvalI neMdhe che temAM e vaMzaka vigere rAjAonAM nAma nedhatuM nathI ane te barAbara che, kemake te pATalIputra sivAya ke anya sthaLanI che paraMtu jaina sAhitya pATalIputranA samrATenI naMdhamAM e rAjAone sthAna ApatuM nathI. tethI sAbIta thAya che ke, purANee e rAjAone vyartha ja pATalIputranA siMhAsane besADayA che. bauddhagraMthAe nanAM 22 varSa ja lakhI navanadamAMthI pUrvanA keTalAka nane paDatA mukayA che paraMtu purANee jaina sAhityamAM nedhelA 98 ke 95 varSanI lagabhaga nandane 100 varSane rAjatvakAla lakhI temanA rAjatvakAlane aMka lagabhaga sAcavyo che. jo ke (51) "puveI sattA-gaMguttanilaya, 5-10 se-vahAM re dalTIputra karatA DhilA hai, siddha jai" bhAratIya i. rUparekhA, ji. 1, 498-499,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya purANAe prathama ane navama nandane mahApadma nAmanA prathama nanda tarIke eka ja gaNI, te nandanA rAjavakAla anahada noMdhI kaI goTALA ubhe karyAM che, chatAM keAI nandane paDatA mukayA nathI e vAta kharI che, parantu temaNe ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI nanda zajyAMtacaMdragupta mauya rAjyAra'bha-ne jainagraMthA karatAM 111 thI 134 varSa para ane bauddhagraMtha karatAM 97 thI 120 varSa 53 vadhAre dUra laI jaI bhAre gucavADe UbhA kare evI atihAsika asaMgati DArI lIdhI che. 42 paurANika gaNatarI pramANe ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI cadraguptanA zajyAra bha AchAmAM eche 267 varSe ane vadhAremAM vadhAre 290 varSe Ave che. A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe ajAtazatrune zAraMbha vi sa. pU. 411 eTale i. su pU. 468 varSe, cAlu jaina sapradAya pramANe vi. sa. pU. 401 eTale i. sa. pU. 528 ( buddhapiinardeNa che. sa. pU. 520 varSe thayuM hatuM evI mAnyatAnusAra I. sa. pU. 520 thI 8 varSa pahelAM) vadhe ane auprathAnA AdhAre karAyelA saMzodhakonA ullekhA pramANe-vi sa. pU. 44 eTale I. sa. pU. 511 (buddha parinirvANa i. sa. pU 543 varSa thayu hatuM evI mAnyatAnusAra I. sa. pU. 543 thI 8 vaSa pahelAM) varSa gaNAyA che. ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhane bhinna bhinna samaye AMkatI uparAkta traNa mAnyatA pramANe-ajAtazatrunA rAjyArabhI caMdraguptanA rAjyAraMbha purANAnusAra 267 ke 290 varSe gaNatAM e samaya anukrame i. sa. pU. 201 ke 178, 261 ke 238 ane 283 ke 260 varSe Ave. caMdraguptanA rAjyArabhanA mATe AvI paDatA AmAMnA koIpaNa samaya asaMgata che, kemake koIpaNa mate caMdraguptanA rAjyAraMbha I. sa. pU. 312thI mADI manAyA nathI. uparAsta rIte jainagraMthAmAM ane bauddhagraMthAmAM vazaka, nantivana ane mahAnandi e purANeAkta rAjAonA anullekha tathA paurANika gaNanAmAM vadhu paDatAM varSoMthI AvI paDatI aitihAsika asaMgati, A be mukhya bhAkhatA puravAra kare che ke, purANA vigeremAM kahelA vaMzaka, nantivana ane mahAnanti rAjA, tyAM ApelAM temanAM nAma ane hakIkatA parathI rAjAe te cheja para`tu te save magadha sAmra!jyanA samrATo nathI. vaMzaka (para) ajAtazatrunA zayAra bhathI mahAnandinA rAjyanta sudhInAM 167 varSa ane mahApadmAdi navanandrAnAM 100 varSa, ema 167+100=267 varSa thAya temAMthI jainagaNanA pramANe ajAtazatruthI navananda sudhInAM 156 varSa bAda karatAM 267-156-111 varSa bhAve te jainagaNanA tAM vadhAre che, tevI ja rIte ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI mahAnanjinA rAjyaryaMta sudhInAM vadhAremAM vadhAre 190 varSI manAyAM che. e hisAbe temAM navanandrAnAM 100 varSa umeratAM 290 varSa thAya te jaina gaNatarIe mAnelAM 156 karatAM, 290-156=134 varSa vadhAre che. (53) bauddhagaNanA pramANe ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI navanandanA rAjyAMta 170 vaSaeN che tenA karatAM paurANika gaNanAnAM, ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI navanandanA rAnti sudhInAM 167+100=267 ane 190+100=290 varSa e, emAMthI 170 varSa bAda karatAM 97 varSa ane 120 varSa vadhAre che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya ane nandivardhanane te tyAM magadhanA rAjA tarIke oLakhAyelA hovAthI teo keNika Adi samrATe jeTalAja lAgavagavALA ane lagabhaga pATalIputranI samakakSA dharAvanAra evA sthaLanA svAmIe hevA joie. AvuM sthaLa ghaNo samaya pATanagaranA padane bhegavI cukelA pATalIputrathI ane tenI pahelAMnA pATanagara caMpAthI jUnuM rAjagRhI che. jenI sAhitya kahe che ke, " zreNikanA keNika ane kAlAdi daza putroe magadha sAmrAjyane vahecI levA nakkI karyuM hatuM temAM caMpAno bhAga keNikanA tAbe gayo ane bIjA dazabhAga kAlAdinA tAbAmAM gayA. e dazabhAgamAM ekabhAga rAjagRhIno paNa hoya ja, ane te kAlAdimAMthI kei ekAdanA tAbAmAM gaye hato.54 keNike AdarelA vaizAlInA yuddhamAM e kAlAdie prANu paNa samarpaNa karyA che to pachI tenA vaMzajo keNikane samrATa tarIke sanmAnI niraMtara magadha sAmrAjyanA saMvardhaka rahe ane keNika, udAyI vigere temane sava-samAna mAnI sanmAne e savAbhAvika che. ane tethI rAjagRhInA cAlu rahelI zAkhAnA, keNikanA nika8nA pitarAI rAjAo purANAnI daSTithI magadhanA rAjAo gaNAI teo keNikanI vaMzAvalImAM pesI gayA che. bhAse svapnavAsavadattA nATakamAM vaMzaka-darzakane rAjagRhe jatA jaNAvyuM che. ethI paNa sAbIta thAya che ke, vaMzaka rAjagRhInA rAjA che, nahi ka sAmrAjyanA pATatazaya rasapAnA 55 matsya parANa naktivardhanane zizunAganI vaMzAvalImAM udAyI pachI ane pradyotenI vaMzAvalImAM pAMca pradyotemAM sUryaka pachI muke che. e parathI samajAya che ke, te akkasa che, bIjI tarapha nadivardhana rAjagRhIne rAjA hovAne kaI ulekha nathI, (54) "aNNadA koNio kAlAdihiM kumArehiM samaM maMteti / seNiyaM baMdhittA ekkaartamane ja nuM " Avazyaka cUS ( uttarArdha ) pR. 171. kANike karelI A zarata pramANe magadhanI vahecaNI thaI ja hatI, jemake--tALa nig rAjA annayA kayAi kAlAdIe dasa kumAre sahAveti sahAvettA rajjaM ca jAva jaNavayaM ca ekkAdasa bhAe vihiti vaMza sathara rA ivazenA viti. niravAvaTo. varga 1 adhyAya 1) paraMtu zarUAtamAM keNika rAjagRhImAM hatA ane rAjagRhA mukhya sthaLa hatuM tevA kadAca kaNikanA bhAgamAM te rathaLa AvyuM hoya, nahi ke kAlAdimAMthI koInA bhAgamAM, ane jo ema ja hoya te kANika jyAre caMpAmAM gayo tyAre teNe e rAjagRhInuM pATanagara mayapurANanA pAThamAM, je kavAyana nAmane rAjA lakhAyo che, tene ApyuM hoya, saMbhava che ke A kavAyata tenA koI vaDIla bhrAtA hoya. Ama chatAM A viSayamAM rAjagRhInI gAdI cAlu rakhAI hatA e sivAya anya hakIkata anizcayAtmaka che; kemake, keNike vizAlInA yuddhamAM kAlAdina bAlAvyA hatA ane teonI pAse caturaMga mahAna senA hatI ema jaina sAhitya lakhe che, paraMtu tyAM kaNavAyananuM nAma che tenA saMbaMdhI anya koI hakIkata maLatA nathI. A parathI meM anumAna karyuM che ke kAlAAdanA mRtyu bAda temAMyA jenA bhAgamAM rAjagRhI gaI haze tenI pAchaLa manipUrve 1 varSa kaNavAyana Avyo haze. (55) vaMzaka (darza Adi nAmathI paNa lakhAte) gAdIe Avyo tyAre magadha sAmrAjyanuM pATanagara "caMpA" hatI. pATalIputra pATanagara te te pachI ja vasAvyuM hatuM.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya vaLI te purANokta mahApadma Adi nava nandamAM paNa nathI, ke jethI tene udAyI bAda pATalIputranA samrA tarIke mukAya. AvI sthitimAM avantine chatI tene magadha sAmrAjyamAM joDanAra e rAjAne rAjagRhInI upara kahyA pramANe mahatvabharI vaMzakavALI zAkhAmAMja gaNavAnI pharaja paDe che. . have tapAsavAne rahyo purANamAMne naMdivardhana pachI AvanAra mahAnaji. purANAe lagabhaga eka mate A rAjAne rAjatvakAla 43 varSa kahyo che ane tene mahA parma nandanA pitA tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. 5 purANanI kAla gaNunAnA aMkane vadhAranAra A rAjAnI oLakha ApavI muzkela che. ja mahApamAnaMdane-mahApadma e nAma navamanaMdanuM hovA chatAM purANee prathama naja ane navamanane akaja gaNI prathamanananA sthAne te nAmane mukayuM hovAthI -prathama nandane pitA che to tenandivardhanathI pitta na hAi vyartha ja goThavAya che. tenA nAme 43 varSa caDhayAM che te paNa navamA nanAM ahiM goThavAyAM lAge che. nandivardhana rAjA ane navamA nananAM 43 varSa e bethI-mAthuM keInuM ane keInuM dhaDa ema-kapita ubho thaele A rAjA jaNAya che. saMbhava che ke nandivardhana mahAnaninA nAme paNa oLakhAtuM hoya ane prathama nandarAjA ke, je jainasAhityamAM nApita ane gaNikAthI utpanna thaele have pachI te, game te kAraNe nanivardhananA putra tarIke ja jAheramAM Avyo hoya. udAyI pachI prathama nana pATalIputranI gAdIe AvyA emAM puNA sivAya anya sAdhane paNa kAma karI rahyAM haze. e sAdhanomAMnuM eka, tene tenI mAtA gaNikAnI kAravAIthI sadhAyele najivana-mahAnI sAthe saMbaMdha paNa hoya te nA nahi. game tema paNa nanivardhana nAmano ane tenAthI abhina kenina mahAnandI nAmane samrATu pATalIputranA siMhAsane AvyuM hatuM, ema sAbIta thavuM azakya che. (41) "mahAnandisutazcApi, zUdrAyAHkAla saMvRtaH / utpatsyate mahApadmaH, sksstraantkkRpA 231 " brahmAMDapurANu-ma bhA0 3othA 30, 80 74, 50 185 mahAnaMdinastatazzUdrAgarbhodbhabo'tilubdho'tibalo mahApadmanAmA naMdaH parazurAma ivA. paro 'khilakSatrAntakArI bhaviSyati -viSNajharANu (57) itazca tatraiva pure, divaakiirterbhuutsutH| ekasya gaNikAkukSijanmA nndo'bhidhaantH|| pariziSTa parva sarga 6 zla0 231 "to vicAro Avazyaka cUrNi ( uttarArdha ) 5. 180 AcArya zrI hemacandasari nApitakumAra, nApita, evI rIte nandane saMbodhe che tyAre Avazyaka cUrNikAra nApitadAsa tarIke tene lakhe che. cUArane ema lakhavAnuM kAraNa, nanda e nApitanI pariNIta strIthI utpanna thayela na hato, evI temane mAnyatA haze.

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avatinuM Adhipatya 45 vaizAlInI peTAzAkhA hovAnA anumAna para nantivana ane nAgadAsaka bhinna vyakti hAya tA, e dheAraNe uparanI hakIkata vyAjabI manAya, paraMtu jema nandAnA pahelAM ane pachI zajagRhInI peTAzAkhA haiAvAnA ullekha maLe che tema vaizAlInI peTAzAkhA DAvAnA ullekha maLatA nathI ane uparAkta anumAna abAdhita na paNa hoya tethI, nandivardhana ane nAgadAsaka banne bhinna ja vyaktio che. ema ceAkkasa kahI zakAya nahi, tema banne eka ja che ema paNa ni:sa Mzaya kahI zakAya tema nathI. aAma chatAM e banne rAjAe eka ja vyakti hAya tA, purANeAkta vaMzAvalInA vazaka ane nandivana tathA bauddhagraMthAkta vazAvalInA anurUddhamuNDAdi a sava rAjagRhInI peTAzAkhAmAM samAi ajAtazatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI eTale ke ma. ni. pU. 6 thI ma. ni. 147 sudhI eka vyavasthita saLaMga rekhA dvArAi ghaNA kharA guMcavADA maTI jAya e niHsazaya che. e rIte matsyapurANunI kAIka pratinA vAyana ane bhUmimitrane pazu vyavasthita rIte gADhavI zakAya tema che. rAjagRhInI e peTAzAkhA AvI rIte saLaMga rekhA rUpa banI rahe che. nimnisAra-zreNikane keda karyA pachI rAjagRhInA bhAga para kAlAdi kumArAmAMthI kAI-kANika zivAyanA graMtha bhAI AmA sauthI mATeA hovAthI bahudhA kAla gAdIe AvyeA. vaizAlInA yuddhamAM tenuM mRtyu thayA pachI, jayAre ma. ni. pU. 1varSe kANikanA capAmAM rAjyAbhiSeka thayA tyAre tenA pAchaLa kavAyana AngeA. purANA ane bauddhagraMtheAnA AdhAre A kavAyana ane tenI pachI anukrame AvanAra rAjAonA rAjattvakAla A pramANe cheH-vAyana 9 varSa (ma. ni. pU. 1. ma. ni. 8), bhUmimitra 14 varSa ( ma. ti. 8-22 ), vaMzaka 25 varSa ( ma. ni. 22-47), anurUddha-muNDa 8 varSa ( ma. ni. 47-55), nantivardhana (nAgadAsaka) 24 varSa (ma. ni. 15-79), suSunAga 18 varSa (ma. ni. 79-97), kAlAsAka 28 varSa ( ma. ni. Da-125 ) ane kAlAsAkanA dRza putro 22 varSa ( ma. ni. 125-147), ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhiSekayA A sarva rAjAonAM sayukta va 9+14+2568+241812822=148 varSa thAya che. bauddhamathA DhAlAsAkanA putrA pachI 22 varSa (ma. ni. 147-169 ) nandonAM lakhe che. AnA atha ethavA jo e ke; ghaNA samayathI pATalIputramAM sAmrAjya bhAgavatA moddhagraMthAnA dhanana de, ke je himavata therAvalInA AThamA nanta ane anya janatrathAnA navamA na che, 18 teNe rAjagRhI para pAtAnA sIdhA adhikAra sthApI dIdhA haze athavA (58) prathamanandanu 'nanda' e vizeSa nAma hatuM. tenI pAchaLanA rAjAonA mATe e nAma sAmAnya thaI paDyuM hatuM, kemake teo e nAmanA vazathI ja vadhAre oLakhAtA hatA, parantu teonAM vizeSa nAma paNa hAvAM joie ema navamA nandanA 'mahApadma' vizeSa nAmathI samajAya che. zrI hemathaMdrasUrijI athavA ghaNA ya anya jaina lekhakA e nAma lakhatA nathI, jyAre keTalAka lekhako e nAma ApatA jaNAyA che. jemakeH-- "nayamo navasavasUto mApatumo,"--Avazyaka cUM i ( uttarAdha* ) pR. 183

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya te pitAnA putrane tyAM mAMkalika nI haze, paraMtu jyAre caMdragupta maurye pATalIputra laI lIdhuM ane pAchaLathI pitAnA sasarA evA chelalA naMdarAjAne samAdhAna sAthe vidAya karyo tyAre, eTale ke ma. ni. 155 varSe, e chellA nane rAjagRhImAM AvI tyAM 14 varSa caMdraguptanA Adhipatya nIce sattA bhegavI hoya e banavA joga che. A pachIthI iMgenA hAthamAM magadha sAmrAjya gayuM tyAM sudhImAM pATalIputranA Adhipatya nIce maurya rAjAo rAjagRhImAM sattA jogavatA hatA ema jainagraMtho ane khAravelanA hAthIguphAvALA lekhathI jANavA maLe che.59 bauddhagraMthAe pATalIputramAM nanda rAjyAnta ane candragupta rAjyAraMbha, ma. ni. 155 varSe eTale ajAtazatrunA rAjyAraMbhathI 156 varSe gaNu joIe tema na gaNatAM, rAjagRhImAMnA chellA naMdanAM 14 varSa e gaNanAmAM nAMkhI ma. ni. 16 varSe ane aAtazatrunA rAjyAraMbhathI 170 varSe go e bhUlanA pariNAme ja buddha parinirvANuthI 162 varSe candraguptanuM rAjya ane 218 varSe azakanuM rAjaya temaNe lakhI dIdhuM che. * (59) mahAvIra nirvANathI 214 varSe avyaktavAdI nihaMva utpanna thayo. A samaya daramiyAna rAjagRhImAM mauryavaMzI balabhadra rAjA rAjya karatA hatA ema Avazyaka niryukti ane zUrNimAM kahela che, jemake - "codA do vAsasayA, taiyA siddhi-gayasta vIrasma / to avattiyadihi, seviyAe samUppanA // seyaviyapolasADhe, joge tadivasahiyayasleya / sohammi naliNigumme, rAyagihe muriyvlmho| Avazyaka-niryukita "samaNasta bhagavato do vAsa satANi codasuttarANi siddhiM gatassa-tAhe biharaMtA rAyagiha nagaraM gatA, tattha muriyavaMsappasUto balamado nAma rAyA" Avazyaka cUrNa (pUrvArdha) pR. 421 khAravelanA zilAlekhanuM svataMtra vAMcana jaNAvI zrIyuta paM. kalyANavijayajI lakhe che ke, "rAjA bhiSekake AThave varSameM mauryarAjA dharmaguptako maravA kara puSyamitra rAjagRhameM AtaMka macA hA hai.." (panyAsazrIne A vAMcana barAbara che ke nahi tenI carcA ahiM karavAnuM nathI. phakta A vakhate rAjagRhImAM moryarAjA hato ane tenuM khUna thayuM hatuM e hakIkata ahiM jaNAvavAnI che. A viSe vizeSa hakIkta huM AgaLa jatAM jaNAvIza.) varanirvANusaMvata aura jaina kAlagaNanA TIpaNu 32 pR. 50 (6) kAlAnA rAjyanA dazamA varSe buddha parinirvANathI 100 varSa lakhyAM che. kAlAsananuM rAjya 28 varSa lakhyuM che eTale buddhaparinirvANathI 118 varSe kAlAsogane rAjyata thaye te pachI 22 varSa tenA putroe ane tyArabAda 22 varSa nandAe rAjya karyuM eTale buddhaparinirvANuthI 16ra varSe candraguptanuM rAjaya zarU thayuM. kAlAganA rAjyanA dazamA varSe buddha parinirvANane 100 varSa thayAM hatAM tathA buddha parinirvANathI 218 varSe azoka mAnyo hato tene ullekha AvI rIte che - "atIte dasame vasse, kAlAsokassa rAjino saMbuddhaparinivvANA, evaM vassasataM ahu // 8 // " -mahAvaMza paricheda 4.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya bAkI, kharI rIte buddha parinirvANathI 148 varSe candraguptanuM ane 24 varSe azokanuM rAjya lakhAvuM joIe, ke jethI te samaya ma. ni. 155 ane 211 varSe Ave ane ekAda varSanA pheraphAra sivAya jenagraMthonI sAthe maLo thAya. | mukhya rAjanagara maTIne ajAtazatrunA samayathI gauNa rAjanagara banelI rAjagRhInI zAkhAne uparokta rIte goThavatAM koI kaI bAbatamAM paurANika asaMgati jevuM lAge che ane purANanA AdhAre karelA saMzodhakonA ullekho sAthe matabheda paDe che vaLI purANa ane tene anusaratA sAhityanI yAdIo abhiprAyabhedathI ke lekhakonA deSathI janagraMtha ke baddhagraMthonI sAthe ja nahi paranta paraspara paNa matabheTa dharAve che. evI sthitimAM ghaNA khaza jaina ane keIka jana-bauddha evA zizunAgavaMza, naMdavaMza, ane mauryavaMzanA rAjAono ItihAsa, bhalene, vadhAre vigatavAra hoya te paNa ekalAM purA para ja vizeSa madAra rAkhI AlekhIe ane jenagraMtha para savizeSa lakSya na rAkhIe te te atyavasthita ne brAnta ja rahevAno. kharI vAta te e che ke, e rAjAonI hakIkatene AlekhatAM sApane ghaNAMja ochAM, avigatavAra ane matabhedathI gherAyelAM che ke jethI temane sAce ane saMpUrNa itihAsa sajAvI ja na zakAya e sAdhanathI phakta amuka hakIkatene ja cakkasa karI zakAya ema che. bAkI ghaNI kharI bAbate te kalpanA ke saMbhAvanAne ja Azraya le che. AthI paurANika asaMgati ke saMzodhakone matabheda koI rIte dUra karI zakAya ema che ke nahi eja jevAnuM rahe che. zreNikanI kAlI vigere rANIo parama jena hoI temanA kAla vigera kumAre viSenI keIpaNa mAhitI purANe ke bauddhagraMthane nathI. kavAcana ane bhUmimitranAM nAma ane rAjAvakAla paNa kaIka ja purANe neMDyo che. sarva purANa vaMzane saMbhAre che tenuM kAraNa te e che ke, tene parIkSitanA vaMzaja manAtA udayananI sAthe saMbaMdha che. kahe che ke, vaMzakanI benane udayana sAthe paraNAvI hatI ane e vaMzaka kauzAmbImAM udayananA saMparkamAM AvyuM hatuM. 61 kavi bhAsa A rAjAne vaMzaka nAme na oLakhatAM darzakanA nAmathI ja "jinanivANato pacchA, pure tsmaabhisekto| sAhArasaM vassasata-dvayaM eva vijAniya // 21 // " -mahAvaMza parida . gaNatarI pramANe ahiM jina nirvANa e buddha parinirvANa ja ghaTI zake che jemake; buddhaparinirvANathI 16ra varSe candagupta Avyo. tene rAjya 24 varSa. te pachI bindusAranuM rAjya 28 varSa, te pachI azokanAM anabhiSikta 4 varSa ema 2428+4=36 varSa 162mAM umeratAM azokane abhiSeka 218 varSe Ave che ne te buddhaparinirvANathI, nahi ke nirvANathI. (11) "bhAsa ke 'svapnavAsavadattA' nAmaka nATakameM isa rAjAkA varNana hai| usase pragaTa hotA hai ki darzaka magadhakA rAjA thA aura isakI bahina padamAvatIkA vivAha kauzAmbIke rAjA udayanase hA thaa| isI darzakane sahAyatA kara udayanake gae huve rAkhyo che te visTA "i bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza-dvitIya bhAga. pR. 27

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avatinuM Adhipatya ALakhe che. 62 dazakanA rAjyAraMbha mAM ni. 22 vadhe che. tyAM sudhI udayananuM hai|vuM asabhavita che. purANA pramANe A samaye vatsanI kauzAmbImAM naravAhanadatta-vahInara ane jaina sAhitya pramANe ajitasenanuM rAjya hatuM. AthI sAMbhava che ke, vazaka-dakane peAtAnA rAjyAraMbha pUrve kauzAmbImAM javAneA prasaMga anya heze. zrIyuta. * caM munazIjI lakhe che ke:- auddha anuzruti pramANe dazakanAM nAma darzaka, zaznAga, nAgadAsaka, rAkavI, vagere maLe che." paraMtu purANA pramANe udAyInI pUrve ane karvAcata ajAtazatrunI pUvaeN lakhAtA e rAjA, bauddha mahAzanA ullekhAnusAra udAyI ane te pachI AvanAra anurUddhamuNDanA anugAmI je nAgadAsaka che te nAmaneA haiAya e asaMgata che. purANA pramANe ajAtazatrunA rAjyAMtathI 33 varSe narjiva na ane bauddhagraMtha pramANe ajAtazatrunA rAjamAMtathI 24 varSe nAgadAsaka AvyAnI yAdI che, tethI nandivardhana ane nAgadAsaka e ane eka DAi zake, paraMtu nadivAnanA pUrvagAmI udAyInI pahelAMnA vazaka ne oddhagraMthAnA nAgadAsaka e mane koI paNa rIte eka hAi zake nahi. dakanuM nAma kAkavaNI hAya e te vaLI sarvathA asaMgata che. kemake, kAkavI e kAlAsAka che ane te nAgadAsaka pachI AvanAra zizunAganA anugAmI che. A kAlAsAka ajAtazatrunA rAjyAMtathI 66 varSe gAdI para Avye hatA, ke jenA rAjyanA dazamA varSe eTale khu. nirvANathI 100 vaSaeN bauddhoe vaizAlImAM khIjI pariSad bharI hatI. 63 zrIyuta. ke. pI. jayasvAla dazakanA rAjavakAla 35 varSa' mAne che. matsyapurANamAM tenAM 24 varSa lakhyAM che. A lekhamAM vAyupurANa pramANe 25 varSa lakhyAM che, ke je matsyapurANanI lagabhaga che. A dazaka kAlAIinA vaMzaja hatA ke ajAtazatrune putra hatA, e jANavAmAM AvyuM nathI. khauddha thA anarUddha-muDamAM muNDane ajAtazatrune pautra lakhe che e, ajAtazatrunA putra hA~ka ane tenA putra muH evI rIte pautra thAya ke kAI anya rIte, enI samaja paDatI nathI. 48 vaMza--dezaka pachI rAjagRhInI zAkhA para meM anurUddha-muNDane lakhyA che. ajAta zatrunA rAjyAra'bhathI 48 varSe emanA rAjyArabha Ave che. A samaye rAjagRhImAM daza kA rAjyAMta che. tethI tenI pAchaLa e AjAe AvyAnuM me' jaNAvyuM che. bauddhagraMthAe (12) "kAJcukIyaH - bho zrUyatAm / eSA khala gurubhirabhihitanAmadheyA'smAkaM mahA rAjadarzakasya bhaginI padmAvatI / saiSA no mahArAjamAtaraM mahAdevImAzramasthAmabhigamyAnujJAtA tatrabhavatyA rAjagRhameva yAsyati / zra --svapnavAsavadattA. aka. 1. pR. 14 (63) bauddha ullekhA tarapha najara rAkhIne zrIyuta munazInA kathanane huM asaMmata lakhI rahyo chu', parantu zizunAga ane kAkavaNunA vaMzaja tarIke darzIka (vazaka)e zaithunAga ane kAkavI hoi zake che. nAgAnA-zazunAgAnA AjJAMkti tarIke e rAjAne nAmadAsaka kahevAmAM paNa kAI vizeSa nathI, A ja rIte nandivardhananuM nAma nAgadAsaka paNa hoi zake, paraMtu e sAmAnya nAma ja gaNuAya.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya, 43 66 AmAMnA muNDa rAjAnI keTalIka nabaLAIo AlekhI che, e parathI anumAna thAya che ke ' pATalIputranA samrAT udAyIe kAIka rAjAne tenA aparAdhane laI rAyabhraSTa karyAM hatA e rAjA nAzI jatAM mRtyu pAmyA, paNa tenA putre avantirAjanI sAthe viSTi karI kAI upAye phAvatAM chevaTe sAdhuveze udAyInA vadha karyo " ema jaina sAhityamAM kahevAyuM che te rAjyabhraza karAyeleA rAjA A muNDa dAvA joie ane udAyIe A rAjAne khaseDayA bAda tenI jagAe magadha sAmrAjyane vaphAdAra, zaithunAganA dAsaka ane prabaLa lazkarI mAnasavALA evA nandivardhana (nAgadAsaka) ne rAjagRhImAM nImyA hAvA joie, ke je narjiva ne udAyonA vadhanA badalA levA peAtAnA rAjyathI 5 varSe eTale ma. ni. 60 varSe avanti para AkramaNa karI, tene jItI laI magadha sAmrAjyamAM joDI dIdhuM.. ma. ni. 55 varSe rAjagRhInI gAdIe AvelA A nandavardhana rAjAthI rAjavakAla gaNatAM purANA nandAnAM 100 varSa (ma. ni. 55-155, vi. sa. pU. 355-255, I. sa. pU 412-312) rAjavakAla akhe e svAbhAvika che; kemake, temaNe nandrivardhananAM prAraMbhanAM 5 varSa nandvomAM nAkhI dIdhAM che. purANA nadivadhAnanA rAjavakAla 40 ke 42 varSa lakhe che. bIjI taraph bauddha graMtha mahAvaza nAgadAsa ane tenI pachI nAMdhAyalA susunAga e bannene rAjatyakAra anukrame 24 ane 18 varSa' ema 42 varSa' lakhe che. purANeAnI dRSTimAM nandivana ane pATalIputra ramI rahelAM hoI, temaNe susunAgAdi nAmA cheDI daI kAlAsAkanI jagAe chello nanda dhanananda, ke jenuM nAma mahAnanda paNa kadAca hAya, tenA jeTalA rAjavakAlavALA mahAnandI nAmanA rAjA nAMdhI dIdhA che. purANeAe susunAgAdi rAjAe cheDI detAM susunAganAM 18 varSa nandinanA--nAgadAsakanA 24 varSamAM ja nAkhI dIdhAM hoya ema lAge che. pradyotAnI vaMzAvalImAM matsyapurANe nandi vananAM 20 varSa lakhyAM che, e avantinA vijaya pachInAM che. temAM ma. ni. 55 thI 60 sudhInAM 5 varSe umerIe tA nandivardhananAM kula 25 vaSa thAya, je bauddha graMthanA 24 aMkanI lagabhaga najIkamAM che. AthI pazu khAtrI thAya che ke, e rAjAnA rAjavakAla 40 ke 42 varSa'neA nathI paNa 24 varSanA hAi, purANAe tenA pachInA susunAga rAjAnAM 18 varSa vya umerI dai 42 varSa karyo che.ka mAkI, 40 vaSaeN, rAjatvakAla te pATalI putranA prathama nanhane-purANeAnA mahApadma nandanA che. keTalAka sa'zAkA nantivanane prathama nantra gaNe che, ane purANAmAM prathama nandu tarIke lakhAyalA mahApadma nandane kAlAseka gaNe (64) purANAmAM nandivananAM 42 vaSa~ lakhyAM che e barAbara ja che ema jo svIkArI laie tA sAMbhava che ke, bauddhoe nAgadAsaka pachI susunAga lakhyA che te susunAma kAi svatantra rAjA nahi paNa nandriva na-- nAgadAsanI zizunAgathI ALakha ApI che ane e zizunAganuM susunAga thai gayeluM che. ane jo Ama ja hoya teA susunAganA nAme lakhAyelAM 18 varSa nAgadAsakramAM nAkhavAM joie ane e rIte nAgadAsakanAM-purANAnA nandivardhananAM 42 varSe ja thAya, paraMtu AvA samanvaya karavA mATe spaSTa ullekhane krAi purAvA kayAMyathI ya maLatA nathI. 9

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50 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. che paraMtu e, purANa ane bauddha graMthonA rAjAone pATalIputranA mAnI, temano samanvaya karavAnI mAnyatAnuM pariNAma che. hakIkatamAMthI upajAvelI kalpanAo sivAya anya vAstavika purAvAo na hovAthI e mAnyatAmAM kAMI vajuda nathI. ane tethI ja e saMzodhaka bhinna bhinna mata raju karatA jaNAyA che. 65 nandivardhana pachI surunAga ane tenA pachI kAlAsoka Ave che. tene rAjavakAla 28 varSa jeTalo lAge che. ke jyAre bauddhoe vaizAlImAM bIjI pariSadda bharI tyAre pATalIputramAM prathama nandanA putramAM kaI samrATa hatuM, paraMtu e dazakAmAM sAmrAjyanI gAdI para AvelA prathama najanA-mahApadma pahelAMnA putro barAbara sthira jaNAtA nathI, tethI ke anya game te kAraNe bauddha graMthAe tenA nAmane paDatuM mukI rAjagRhInI gAdInA kAlAkanA nAmane AgaLa karyuM che, ane tene rAjatvAkAlanuM dazamuM varSa vyatIta thavAnuM te samaye jaNAvyuM che. paraMtu A pachI sahAlI, tulakuci, mahAmaDala, prasenajita, vigere kAlAsokanA daza putro rAjagRhI para Ave che tyAre, temanA 22 varSanA rAjavakAlamAM avyavasthA pravatI hoya ke aMte vArasano abhAva hoya athavA te chelA naMdanI mane vRttinuM kAMI kAraNa hoya tethI alpa samayamAM ja badalAtA e rAjAonA vaMzano aMta AvI tenA sthAne chelA najanuM sIdhuM ke tenA putra mAraphate zAsana zarU thAya che. A pachI te sAmrAjya gumAvatAM e chele naMda pate ja najIvI sattA bhagavate ma. ni. 155 thI 169 sudhI 14 varSa rAjagRhIne rAjA gaNAyo haze. ane chevaTe tenuM mRtyu thavAthI tyAM caMdragupta taraphathI mauya' rAjA nImA haze ke je mauryarAjAne vaMzaja ke paraMparAgata rAjA balabhadra a. ni. nI trIjI (65) "purANamAM je mahApavAnuM varNana che te ane bauddhagraMthane kAlAsaka banne eka ja vyakti havAnuM pradhAna mAne che. paMDita jayacaMda vidyAlaMkAra "bhAratIya itihAsakI rUparekhA' graMthamAM vadhana nandI ane zazanAma samasyA lekhamAM A pramANe jaNAve che. navidhIne' avatino parAjaya kare e hakIkta nizcita che. khAravelanA lekha pramANe nanda dvArA kaliMga deza para vijaya prApta thayelo e paNa spaSTa che. pATalIputramAM nandarAjA dvArA brAhmaNonI maLelI sabhAmAM vyAkaraNukAra pANinI hAjara hatA e prasiddha che. A badhA aitihAsika hakIkata tAravavAmAM paMDita jayasvAle nirdeze nandivardhana-kAlAsoka banne eka ja vyakti hovAnuM nizcita rUpe mAnavAnuM kAraNa maLe che" bhAratIya vidyA-gujarAtamAM bauddha dharmano pracAra' le zrIyuta dhanaprasAda caMdAlAla munazI. varSa-3 pR. 61 (66) A kAlAsoka purANamAM te dhelA naMdivardhana pachI Avelo mahAnaji che. nandavaMzanA navamA rAjA mahApA ke je mahAnanda tarIke oLakhAtuM hovAno saMbhava che ane jeno rAjatvakAla 43 varSa hatA tenI sAthe A rAjA mahAnandine seLabheLa karI e mahApadma-mahAnandanAM 43 varSa che te purANAe A rAjAnA-mahAnanDinA nAme caDhAvyAM hoya ema lAge che. naMdi ane mahAnaMdi ( kAlAseka) rAjagRhInA rAjAo hatA ane naMda tathA mahAnanda (mahApadma-dhanananda ) e pATalIputranA rAjAo hatA, e spaSTa viveka na karI zakAvAthI saMzodhake e ghaNI ja bhrAnti upajAvI che,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. sadInA bIjA dazakAmAM vidyamAna hatuM, ema jaina sAhityathI jANavA maLe che. ke AvI rIte mAMDalikanI paraMparA eka sarakhI rIte rAjagRhImAM lAMbe kALa cAlu rahI che, paraMtu tene ati spaSTa ullekha na thavAthI ane purANe tathA bauddhagraMthe e paraMparAnA rAjAone pATalIputranA samrATe mAnatA hovAthI guMcavADe ane matabheda pedA thayA che, te uparanA vistRta vivecana parathI dUra thaze ema kahuM te te vadhAre paDatuM nahi haze. game tema paNa udAyI ane na jaina hatA. ane temanA viSe lakhavAmAM jaina lekhake ja prAmANika heI zake. ma. ni. 60 varSe udAyI pachI no AvyA ane teo avantinuM Adhipatya bhogavatA hatA e huM jaina sAhityanA AdhAre kahI gayo chuM. teo pitAnA rAjakuMvarone avantimAM rAkhatA ane temanI mAraphata avani ane tenA tAbAnA mulaka para vahIvaTa cAlate ema kahevAya che, te saMbhavita che. kemake te pachI avantimAM jUnA rAjavaMzanuM astitva rahyuM nathI ane naunA vakhatamAM temanA yuvarAjene avantinI -ujajayinInA bhukti hatI, evA ulekhe maLI Ave che. 8 e vAta kharI che ke, avatinA naMda-pratinidhio viSe ApaNane koI jANavA maLatuM nathI, tema tenA adhipati pATalIputranA naMda samrATo viSe paNa etihAsika daSTie bahu ochuM jANavA maLe che. jena kAlagaNanAnI gAthAmAM "iALa' zabda vaparAyo che. kavacit "fidara' evuM pAThAntara maLe che, paraMtu teno artha samUhavAcakra ja thaI zake. kemake, tyAM nedhAyalo rAjasvakAla, ke je A lekhanI gaNanAe cAlu saMpradAyanI 155 varSanI gaNanA karatAM ghaNe ja e che te paNa te, je saMjogomAM prathama nanda gAdIe Avyo che tevI sthitimAM tenA ekalAne ghaTI zake nahi. nanda" za zI navanI saMkhyA evo paNa artha sAhityamAM (67) juo TIppaNa, 59. (68) tenA (azokanA) pitAnI jIvaleNa mAMdagInI khabarathI te-pAnagara-nAnA-e--- samaye te ujajainamAM raheto hato." mALavA, gujarAta tathA kAThIyAvADane banele pazcima prAMta eka rAjakumAranI hakumata nIce hato ane tene mukAma prAcIna ujajayinI nagarImAM hato." hiMdustAnane prAcIna ItihAsa-pUrvArdha. (gu. va. sa. bhA.) pR. 200 ane 218 dhavalInA zilAlekhamAM azokanI AjJAnA prasaMge AvI rIte ullekha che; "paNa ujajayinImAMthI rAjakumAra A varganA (amaladAra)ne mokalaze ane traNa varSane oLaMgaze nahi." azokacarita (gu. va. so. bhASA. bha. bhA. mahetA.) pR. 304. aze ke kuNAlanA aMdha thavAthI paritApa pUrvaka ujarinI anya kumArane se pI evo ullekha kalpacUrNimAM karAyo che. jemake -"gritapittA vaLI gaigr4 gunAkhaidha... "koLI se mAramorA vijJA'-nizIya cUrNi.

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para. avaMtinuM Adhipatya. svIkAryo che, tethI paNa eka karatAM vadhAre eTale nava no thayA che, ema "itALa" zabda parathI samajavAnuM che. Ane samarthana karanArA ulekho himavaMta zUrAvalI, e zUrAvalI sivAya anya jaina sAhitya, purANa ane boddhagraMtha mahAvaMza, vigeremAMthI maLI Ave che. tharAvalI ane anya jaina sAhitya navama na sivAyanA none koI vizeSa nAmathI nahi, paraMtu prathama na. dvitIya nana, ema saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNathI ja eka bIjAne bhinna tarIke oLakhAve che. temanA pratyekanA rAjattvakAla viSe paNa tyAM ullekha thaele jaNAta nathI. phakta "suratamA -ramarii' nI dharmaghoSasUrikRta avasUrimAM "navananda e pATalIputramAM anukrame 11, 10, 13, 25, 25, 6, 6, 4 ane 55 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM" ema jaNAvI, cAlu saMpradAyamAM manAtAM nAnAM 155 varSanI sAthe meLa sAdhe. che. paraMtu e mATe zo AdhAra hato e tyAM jaNAvyuM nathI tathA temAMnI keTalIka anya hakIkato meLa maLatuM nathI. vigere kAraNothI e avasarimAM noMdhelA nadenA rAjakAla para AdhAra rAkhI zakAya tema nathI. kauddhagraMtha mahAvaMza nandanAM phakta 22 varSa ja lakhe che. ke tyAM pratyeka nandane rAjatvakAla jANavAnI AzA rAkhavI vyartha che. purANe nandanA rAjatvakAlanAM 100 varSa lakhe che, paraMtu temAM 88 varSa mahApadmanA nAme caDhAvI de che." tethI kAMIka guMcavADo ubhuM thAya che. gherAvalI AdimAM nandanAM varSa 98 ke 95 kahyAM che, te karatAM purANamAM Azare 5 varSa vadhAre che. e 5 varSa nandivardhananAM naMkhAyAM che evA saMbhavathI purANa pramANe paNa nAnAM 95 varSa thAya, temAMthI bIjA ne AThamA nanda sudhInAM 12 varSa, ane mahAnandInAM je tene nandothI alaga mAnI 43 varSa lakhAyAM che te kharI rIte tenAM nahi paraMtu chelA-navamA nandanAM gaNatAM e 43 varSa, ema 55 varSa bAda karIe te prathama nandanAM 40 varSa thAya. AvI rIte prathama nandanAM 40 varSa, tenA sAtaputranAM eTale bIjAthI AThamA nanda sudhInAM 12 varSa (18) "navanaMdA tato AsuM, kameneva narAdhipA te vi dvAvIsa vassAni, rajjaM samanu sariNuM " mahAvaMza pariccheda, 5 (70) "mahAnandisutazcApi, zUdrAyAH kaalsNvRtH| utpatsyate mahApadmaH, srvksstraantkRnnRpH||139|| tataHprabhRti rAjAno, bhaviSyA zUdrayonayaH / ekarAT sa mahApadma, ekacchatro bhaviSyati // 140 // aSTAzIti tu varSANi, pRthivIM pAlayiSyati / sarvakSatraM samudhdhRtya bhAvino'rthasya vai balAt // 14 // tatpazcAttatsutA hyaSTau,samA dvAdaza te nRpaaH| mahApadmasya paryAye bhaviSyanti nRpAH krmaat||142|| uriSyati tAna sarvAn , kauTilyo vai dvijrssbhH| bhaktvAmahIM varSazataM, narendraH sa bhvissyti||143|| bahmAMDapurANa ma0 bhA. upanyA0 3 a0 745-185 mayapUrANa paNa "i ' nA sthAne "sTiiAna' "tatpazcAdabhutA' nA sthAne hupavitA vigere zabdAttaravALA evA ja artha dharAvatA zvekAne nadhei che.

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53 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. ane navamA mahApadma ke dhananaMda ke game te nAmavALAnAM 43 varSa ema nandanAM 95 varSa gaNavAM. bIjAthI AThamA sudhInA nandanAM 12 varSamAM pratyekane rAjatvakAla keTakeTale hato e kahevuM muzkela che, te a5 ja have joIe eTaluM ja mAtra kahI zakAya. upara pramANe puNeno samuccaya nandakAla 100 varSa, kevI rIte 95 varSa che tene ghaTAvyA chatAM paNa tyAM aspaSTatA hovAthI pratyeka nandane rAjatvakAla anizcita rahe che. tethI ja huM kahI gayo chuM ke, e vAtamAM purANathI kAMIka guMcavADe Ubhe thAya che. huM AvI sthiti mAM ja pratyekanA ja vakAlane lakhI nAnI vaMzAvalInI neMdha laIza. nanda pahelA 40 varSa. ma. ni. 60-100 (vi. saM. pU. 350-310, i. sa. pU. 403-367) A rAjA nApita (jAma) ane gaNikAthI utpanna thaye hato ane bhAgyabaLathI pATalIputranA siMhAsane Avyo hate e vAtane IzAro huM karI gayela chuM. paMcadivyathI pramANita manAtAM pradhAnae tene pATalIputranA siMhAsane besADo, paNa sAmaMtoe tene pramANita na mAne tyAre teNe potAnI puNyazaktine paricaya karAvyuM. teNe kalpaka (71) zrI hemacandrasUrijInuM A spaSTa kathana che. prathama najane "mahApadma ' nAmathI lakhatAM masyAdi purANo tene zAthI utpanna thayelo mAne che. daMtakathAonA AdhAre lakhAyelAM kathana para AdhAra rAkhI mI. smItha " arli hisTarI opha inDiyA' "hiMdustAnane prAcIna itihAsa ' e nAmanA pustakamAM AvI rIte lakhe che: te samaye (alekjhAnDara jyAre paMjAbamAM hato tyAre) rAjya karato rAjA tenI duSTatA tathA halakI utpattine laI lekamAM bahu apriya thaI paDayo hato. ema kahevAya che ke te eka hajAmane putra hato. enI pahelAMnA kAyadesara rAjAnI rANIne te hajAma yAra hato. teNe te rAjAne vadha karavAnI vyavasthA karI ane tenA putronA pAlaka hevAnA bahAnA nIce temane pitAnI sattAnI nIce teNe ApyA; ane AkhA rAjakaTuMbane ucheda karyo. temanA uchera pachI tene eka putra thaye, alejhAnDaranI caDhAI vakhate e putra rAjaya karato hato. potAnI jAta karatAM te tenA pitAnI jAtane vadhAre lAyaka hato ane tethI prajAnA tiraskAra ane dhikakArane pAtra te banI rahaye hate. hiMdustAnane prAcIna ItihAsa-pUvaoNdha (gu.vi.sa.) pR. 56. daMtakathAothI rUpAntara pAmelI hakIkatane saMzodhako raju karI rahyA che. paNa mane lAge che ke mULa hakIkata zrI hemacandrasUrijI Adi jaina lekhake jaNAve che tevI ja hevI joIe. koI gaNikAne hajAma yAra haze ane tene te gaNikAthI putra thaye haze. nandivardhana rAjAe A gaNikAne potAnI rANI banAvI haze. nApita-gaNikAne e putra puNyabaLe pATalIputranI gAdI upara Avyo hatA. e vAta kharI che ke A samaye pATalIputranA rAjA udAyInuM khUna thayuM hatuM, paraMtu te khUnane karanAra A nApitaputra nahi paNa kaI anya ja hato. daMtakathAoe rAjAnA khUnane badale rAjAne ane rAjakuTuMbano uccheda karavAnI vAta banAvI kADhI nApitaputra naMdane niMdavAne mAga pakaDayo. tenI

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pa4. avaMtinuM Adhipatya. nAmane brAhmaNamancI nImI tenI mannaNAthI magadhanuM sAmrAjya bahu ja vyavasthita ane prabaLa banAvyuM hatuM. A ka9 kamanvI bAlyAvasthAthI ja custa jana hate. purANo nanda pahelAne mahAparmanA nAmathI oLakhe che ane tene ati balavAna kahetAMnI sAthe ja atilobhI, zudvAjAta tathA kSatrine aMta karanAra jaNAve che, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu adhArmika suddhAM kahI nAkhe che. te vaidika na levAthI purANo pitAnI Dhaba pramANe ema ja navAje e svAbhAvika che. bauddhothI aparicita e e bauddha paNa nathI. A uparathI vanita thAya che ke te jena hate. matsyapurANa ane brahmAMDa purANamAM mahApadma nandana 88 varSa lakhyAM che e vadhAre paThatAM dekhAya che. A lekhamAM tenAM varSa 40 lakhyAM che. vAyupurANa 80nA badale 28 lakhe che, 72 ane vadhAre paDatAM varSothI AvI paDatI Apatti dUra kare che. vAyupurANa pramANe mahApadma eTale kharI rIte jenuM vizeSa nAma "mahApama' nahi paNa "nanda" che, te prathama vandane 28 varSa rAjavakAla mAnatAM nAnI vaMzAvalI-nanda pahela 28 varSa, tenA putra-bIjAthI AThamA nanda sudhInA 7-nAM 12 varSa ane 8mA tenA putra navamA nandanAM 55 varSa, AvI rIte goThavAya. dharmaSasUrijInI avasUrimAM chellA nandanAM 55 varSa jaNAvyAM che. 03 himavaMta zUrAvalI zrI yazobhadrasUrinA samayamAM (ma. ni. 98-148) ati lobhI evA eka nandanuM rAjya lakhI tene lAMbo samaya hoya evuM bhAna karAve che, je utpatti mATe je kSatriyonA manamAM dhikkAra hato temane teNe sajA karI haze. purANoe A kAryane moTuM rUpa ApI sarva kSatrinA vadha karanAra tarIke tene parazurAma sAthe sarakhAvyo che, kemake te vaidika nahi paNa jaina hato. navame nanda mahApA (mahAnanda-dhananaMda) ke je himavaMta therAvalInA kathana majaba atyanta lobhI ho, tenuM nAma prathama nandanA sthAne goThavI A prathama nandane purANoe zanidaw _atilobhI lakhI nAkhe che, ane aMte tenA sAmarthyane svIkAra karatAM kaline doSa kADhI bhAvi para nisAsA nAkhyA che. alekjhAnDaranI caDhAI vakhate A prathama na da magadhane samrATra nahi, paraMtu navamo nanda mahApA hatA. mahApadma nandane pitAnA pitA naMdanI prathama nandanI halakI utpattine vAraso hoI te paNa UMtvanA abhimAnIothI niMdA haze ane lobhana doSane laI duSTa manAte haze, paraMtu prathama nanda te ghaNI ghaNI rIte mahAna ane zreSTha jaina mahArAjA hato. (72) "vAyupurANe'pi a099 zlo0 368 mahApadmanandasya 88 sthAne 28 varSANi dattAni". - paTTIvalI samuccaya-pariziSTa pR. 198 saM. zrI darzanavijayajI "mahApadma 28 varSa"-kaeNnelAMjI eNpha e inDiyA pe. 228 (73) "kuLa vATIpura 22, 20, 23, 25 25, 6, 6, 4, paNa navana parva varSa 2 m " pAvalI samuccaya-dusamAkAla samaNusaMdha thayaM (saM. zrI darzanavijayajI ) (74) jasabhaho muNipavaro, tappayasohaMkaro paro jAo / aTThamaNaMdo magahe rajjaM kuNaha tathA aDhoNI | dA -himavadAcAryanirmita sthavirAvalI 5 1 (mudrita)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya, puSa e parathI paNa ema lAge che ke prathamanandanAM 40 nA badale 28 varSa kema na heAya ? paraMtu 28 vaSa~nA svIkAramAM mahAnaDhInA nAme 43 varSanA AMka caDhayA che te, chellA nandanA rAjavakAlanI bhrAntinuM nahi paNa kAI bhUlabharelI yAdInuM pariNAma mAnavuM paDe. A rIte prathama nandanA 28 varSa rAjakAla, bhalene, eka matAntara hA,75 paNa tethI kAika ema lakhe che ke 28 varSa rAjavakAlavALA kAlAseAka ane prathamananda e ekaja che te te kharAkhara nathI, kemake kAlAsAka vahelAmAM vahele ma ni. 73 mAM Ave kaI paNa rIte tethI pahelAM Ave nahi, jyAre prathama nanhanA rAjyArabha ma. ni. 60 vaSaeN che ema nizya thaI cUkayA che. A vAta pAchaLa ApavAmAM AvanArA pariziSTathI paNa spaSTa thaze. nandra khIjAthI AThamA sudhI 12 varSa. ma. ni. 100-112 (vi, sa, pU. 310-298, i. sa. pU. 367-355. ) A sAta nanho viSe jaina sAhityamAMthI kAMi paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI. auddhasAhitya paNa temanA viSe cUpa che. purANe temanAM sukalpAdi76 nAmA jaNAve che. emanA samayamAM mauddhonI khIMcha saMgIti (saMsa6) bharAi hatI. tene samaya kAlAsekanA rAjyanAM daza varSa vItyA pachI eTale yu. ni, 100mAM ane ma, ni. 107 vaSaeN hatA. sAta nandAmAM pratyekanA rAjatvakAla nizcayathI jANavAmAM AvatA na heAvAthI A vakhate pATalIputramAM kayA nanda samrAT hatA e kahI zakAya nahi. e sabhA vaizAlImAM bharAi hatI ema pahelAM kahevAI gayuM che, ane e sabhAnA samayanI gaNatarI kAlAsAkanA AjavakAlathI karAI hAvAthI nandriva nathI nAgadAsaka bhinna hAya tA, vaizAlInA rAjavaMzane paNa magadha sAmrAjyanA eka peTAzAkhAnA vaMza tarIke hovAnuM jaNAvI kAlAsAka tyAMnA ja eka mAMDalika hatA ema dhvanita kayu" che. 'chaGa ema kahevAya che ke nandanA samaye vaidikonI paNa eka sabhA (75) meM A matAntarane mahattva ApyuM nathI, kAraNa ke pradyota rAjyamAMMta ane mahApadma ( prathamanandane 8 mAMthI nAnA putra) e kheI vacce 50 varSanuM aMtara, purANeAnA ullekhathI sAkhIta karavAmAM Avyu che, te prathama nandanAM 28 vaSaeN mAnatAM ghaTI zake nahi-prathama nandanAM 28, tenA sAta putronAM 12, ema, 28+12=40 varSoMnuM ja rahe. tethI lAge che ke vAyupurANunI mahApadmanAM (prathamanandanAM) 28 varSoMnI noMdha azuddhi ke bhrAntinuM pariNAma hAya. paTTAvalI sa0mAMnA 'dusamAkAla samaNu saMdha thaya' 'te ullekha paNa vizvasanIya che ke kema e prazna che. himavata therAvalImAMto gAthAmAM 'tA'-te vakhate-ne ayAbhadrasUrijano yugapradhAnanA pAchaLanA lAMbA samayamAM evA abhiprAyane paNa hAya. (76) kroJalejI epha e inDiyA 'mAM 'sumAtyAdi'nAme lakhI temanAM 12 nA badale 16 varSa lakhyAM che. (77) purANuM ane bauddha graMthAnA samanvaya karavAnI dRSTie mA matanuM paNa mahatva na heASTa A lekhamAM tene sthAna ApyuM nathI-phakta sUcana mAtra karyuM che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. pATalIputramAM bharAI hatI, ke jemAM prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa pANinI hAjara hatAA sabhA paNa A ja samayanI lagabhaga pahelAM ke pachI bharAI haze. keNe konuM anukaraNa karyuM haze e kahI zakAya nahi. sAmAnyata saMbhava che ke eka bIjAnuM anukaraNa karyuM haze. a85 samayamAM palaTAtA jaina rAjavaMzanA samaye bauddho ane vaidikAe maLelI takano upayoga karI saMgaThana sAdhavA pUrvaka ravaprabhAvane vistAravAne kAMIka prayatna karyo hoya e banavA joga che. nanda navamo 43 varSa. ma. ni. 112-155 vi. saM. 5. 298-255, i. sa. pU. 355-312 jaina zAsananA mukhya pratinidhi yugapradhAna zrI sthUlibhadranA prasaMgane laI A navame nanTa jena sAhityamAM jANItuM che. cANakya nAmanA jaina zrAvakanA prasaMge paNa ene jenA sAhityamAM jyAM tyAM sthAna ApyuM apAvyuM che, chatAM enA rAjakAlanI zarUAta kayAre thaI ene ulekha jaina sAhityamAM bhAgye ja maLe che. ene matrI zakaTAla hato, ke je prathama najanA mankI ka95kanA vaMzane hate. badhA ya nanA samayamAM e vaMzanuM ja matrIpada heI, e vaMza jainatvane ane magadha sAmrAjyane sarvadA vaphAdAra hate. nAnA aMgarakSako paNa e vaMzamAMthI ja nI mAtA havAne saMbhava che, kAraNake navamAM nandane rakSaka zakaTAlane laghu putra zrIyaka hato. e padane calita karavA kavi, vAdI ane vaiyAkaraNa evA vararUcie prayAsa karyo hato, paraMtu temAM tene zAhanuM mRtyu nIpajAvavA karatAM - vizeSa saphaLatA nahi maLI hatI ema jaina sAhitya kahe che. kemake zakaTAla pachI zrIyakane ja e mantrIpada ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A pachI e matrIpada para kayAM sudhI kAyama rahyo enI keI neMdha nathI, vararUcinuM prativaira lIdhA bAda e tarata ja dIkSita banyo ke navamA nandanA rAjyanA aMta pachI, e kahevuM azakaya che. jaina sAhitya pramANe sthUlibhadrane dIkSA samaya ma. ni. 146 varSe che. AthI bahu ja thoDA samaya pahelAM zakaTAlanuM mRtyu thayuM hatuM ane te navamA nandanI nArAjIthI kuTumba para AvI paDanArA saMkaTanA bhayane lIdhe ja svayaM vaherI lIdhuM hatuM. Ama navamA nandanA samayamAM ja banelI e zaTalanuM mRtyu vigere ghaTanAo che, paraMtu himavaMta zUrAvalI A samaye AThame nanda hovAno ullekha kare che, e eka spaSTa matabheda che. himavaMta therAvalInA prAraMbhamAM Apelo gAthAomAM eka gAthAne bhAvArtha A pramANe che, "zrI zayyabhavanA padane sArI rIte zobhAvanAra zrI yazobhadrasUri thayA tyAre ati lobhI AThame nanda magadhamAM rAjaya karate hate. " zrI yazobhadrasUri ma. ni. 97 thI 148 sudhI yugapradhAna 54 para hatA emAM jaina sAhitya eka mata che. AgaLa jatAM e therAvalI ulekhe che ke

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 57 "vaizAlInA ceTakarAjAno putra bharAya vaizAlInA yuddha bAda kaliMgamAM cAlyo gayo hate, ane te tyAM aputrIyA pitAnA sasarAne rAjaya para Avyo hato. A zobhanayanI pAMcamI peDhIe caMDarAya ma. ni. 149 varSe kaliMganA kanakapuranA siMhAsane AvyuM. AThamA nanhe pitAnA maMtrI virocananI preraNAthI kaliMgapara uparAta rAjAnA samaye caDhAI karI ane teNe kumAragiri para pUrve zreNika rAjAe baMdhAvelA gAyabhadevanA cetyane astavyasta karI temAMnI aSabhadevanI vargapratimAne te pATalIputra laI gayA. A pachI ma. ni. 154 varSa vItatAM cANakaya maMtrInI doravaNIthI madhaputra candragupta navamA nandane pATalIputramAMthI khaseDa ane te pite magadhAdhipa bane." 78 therAvalInA A ulalekhathI spaSTa thAya che ke, ma ni. 149 ane navamo nanda pATalIputra para Avyo te sAla eTale navamA nanda jeTalAM varSa rAjya karyuM hoya teTalA pramANamAM ma. ni. 155thI pUrvanI sAla, e manenA vacagALe AThamo nanda rAjya karato hato, paNa navame nanda nahi prathama najanAM 40, bIjAthI sAta sudhInA nona 10, AThamAM nandanAM 43 ane navamA nandanuM 1 varSa rAjya cAlyuM hatuM. 79 evo abhiprAya therAvalInA uparokta ulekhana kadAca hoya te nA nahi, zakaTAlanA mRtyumAM nimitta (78) "aha vesAlINa yarAhivo ceDao Nivo sirimahAvIratitthayarassukkiTTho samaNovAsao aasii| se NaM NiyabhAhaNijjeNaM caMpAhiveNaM kRNigeNa saMgAme ahiNikkhitto aNasaNaM kiccA saggaM patto / tassego sohaNarAyaNAmadhijjo putto tao uccalio Niyasasurassa kaliMgAhivassa suloyaNaNAmadhijjassa saragaM go| suloyaNo vi Niputto taM sohaNarAyaM kaliMgaraje ThAyAtA paralo AtihI jaao| teNaM kAleNaM teNaM sapaeNaM vIrAo aTThArasavAsesu vikkatesu se sohaNarAo kaliMgavisae kaNagapurapi rajje abhisitto / sevi ya NaM jiNadhammarao tattha titthabhUpa kumaragirimmi kayajatto ukiTTho samaNovAsago hosthaa| tasta vaMse paMcamo caMDarAyaNAmadhijjo Nivo vIrAo NaM igasayAhiya-auNapannAsesu vAsesu viikkranetu kaliMgarajje tthio| tayA NaM pADaliputtAhivo aTThamo NaMdaNivo micchattaMdho aIvalohAto kaliMgadesaM pADiUNa pusvi tittharUvakumaragirimmi seNiyaNivakAriyajiNa pAsAyaM bhaMjittA sopaNiya-usabhajiNapaDimaM cittUNa pADaliputtaM ptto|" himavadAcAryanirmita sthavirAvalI pR. 5 (mudita) () himavaMta gherAvalI no rAjavIkAla zrI hemacandrasUrijInI jema 85 varSa nahi, paNa 24 varSa mAne che. meM chellA navamA nandano rAjavaMkAla 1 varSa ane bIjAthI sAtamA sudhInA nandAne rAjavakIla 10 varSa rAkhyo che. A rIte nAnA 94 varSanA hisAbe ma. ni. 154 matathI AThamA nandana 40 ane navamA nandanuM 1 ema 44 varSa bAda karavAthI sAThamAM nandane-mahApadmanandana rAjayariMja ma ni. 110 varSe AvatAM, je pradyota rAjya ane mahApadma rAjyAbhiSeka vacce para varSa AvatAM pUrva 2 varSa e cha karavAnI kheMcatANa karavI paDe che te na karavI paDe ane pradyota rAjayati ane mahApadma rAjyAbhiSeka vacce barAbara 50 varSanuM aMtara Ave.

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5. avatinuM ASipatya. varuci anyA hatA ane e vararucinA mRtyumAM nimitta zakaTAla pachI mantrIpade AvelA tenA putra zrIyaka banyA hatA ema jaina sAhitya kahe che, paraMtu nande kaliMga para caDhAI karI temAM preraka tenA mantrI virAcana hatA ema therAvalI kahetI hovAthI tenA abhiprAya pramANe, vararuci viSenuM vairaniyaMtana karyA bAda zrIyake dIkSA lIdhI haze ane tenA sthAne mantrIpade virAcana nImAyA haze ema lAge che. therAvathrI AThamA nandane ati vAbhiSa ane mithyAtmathI aMdha baneaA lakhe che. karliMganA jaina caityanA nAza karI temAMnI svarNa pratimAne te pATalIputra lAgye ema karliMganA jaina mahArAjA khAravelanA hAthImukAvALA zilAlekhathI 8degbahu~ze samarthana thatI hakIkata, tene tevA hAva nA purAvA Ape che. kaTTara vaidika virAcana mantrInA sasargane laI te jaina maTI gayA DhAya te nA nahi. jaina sAhityamAM prasiddha che ke, prathama nandanA jUnA mantrIe kheATI rIte bha bheraNI pharI navA mantrI kalpakane tenA saiA putro sahita kUvAmAM ke karAvavAnA prasaMga ubhA karyAM hatA. kUvAmAM keda purAyalA kalpakane bahu ja alpa AdvAra paheoMcADavAmAM AvatA hovAthI tenA se| putro mRtyu pAmyA hatA. eka kalpaka ja pAte jIvatA rahyo hatA. daramIyAna rAjadvArI saMkaTa AvI paDavAthI kalpakane bahAra kADhayA. kapake saMkaTa nivAsu", nade jUnA mantrInA nigraha karyo. 81 uparAMkta prasiddha hakIkatane rUpAntara ApI kathAsaritsAgara' nAmanA graMthe ene navamA nanda, varuci ane zakAlanA nAme caDhAvI dIdhI che, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu mRtyu pAmelA nandane parapura (parakAya) pravezanI vidyAthI ceAgAnanda nAme jIvatA rAkhyA che. A ceAgAnande vararucine mArI nAkhavA karelA hukama, zakaTAle chupAvavAthI tenuM karelu rakSaNa, nandane putra hiraNyagupta pAgala banyA tenuM kAraNa jANavA nandane paDennI tenI jarUriyAta, zakaTAlathI hAjara karAyalA vararucie darzAvelu' kAraNa ane mAtA tathA strInuM thai gayeluM mRtyu samajAtAM vararucinuM vanamAM cAlyA javu, vigere hakIkatA 82 jainamantrI guNADhaya kavinI racelI bRhatkathAnA satyane chAvarI devA e kathAnA kartA seAmadevabhaTTe upajAvI kADhI che. vararuci (80) dAro pa tharyuM. bhi: vitrAsayati uttarApatharAjAn magadhAnAJca vipula mbhayaM janayan hastinaH sugAGgeyaM prAyayati [1] mAgadhaJca rAjAnaM bRhaspatimizraM paadaavmivaacatte [1] narAganItajjAhiddhajJinalannivaijJa.......hmAnAM pratidvArASTra-mAnadhavastuni = nAyati " paMkti 11, 12. khAravela prazasti-zrI ke. pI. jAyasvAlanuM vAMcana (saM. chAyA) (81) vizyaka cUrNi (uttarabhAga) pR. 182 thI 183 (sArAMca) hema. racita-pariSiSTa patra', sa, 7 mlAka 85 thI 137 (sArAMza) (82 sema racita-kathAsaritsAgara, kathApoDalambhaka, taraMga- 4 zloka 97 thI 147 ane tara`ga 5 zlo 1 thI 105 (sArita)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vanamAM jAya AvAM AvAM jAhera ane bIjA keTalAMka chupAM kAraNethI nanA sAmrAjayanA pAyA nabaLA paDI rahyA hatA, paraMtu e badhAM kAraNomAM mukhya kAraNa e ja hAvA saMbhava che ke, atyAra pahelAM rAjayanA ekadhArA saMcAlananA mATe kalpakavaMzanA mantrIonuM jevuM binadakhala sarvoparI sthAna hatuM tevuM nahi rahyuM hatuM. zakaTAla putra zrIyake vararucinA pratinuM varatyitana karyuM paraMtu enA aMgenI aMdare aMdaranI rAjakhaTapaTa rAjyane nabaLuM pADavAmAM madadagAra bane e svAbhAvika che. aMta sudhI nandarAjAne vaphAdAra ane jena hovAne kAraNe rAmAyaNamAM rAvaNanI jema "mudrArAkSasa' nATakamAM rAkSasa tarIke AlekhAyelA zrIyake magadha sAmrAjyane nabaLuM paDatuM aTakAvI tene majabUta banAvavA pUratA prayatna avazyameva karyA ja haze. paraMtu te vyartha ja gayA. eka tarapha A sthiti hatI tyAre bIjI tarapha cANakaya nAmanA jena brAhmaNanI buddhi naMdasAmrAjayanI ImAratane jamInadosta karavA purate prayatna karI rahI hatI. ma. ni 140nI AsapAsanAM varSothI sevAyaluM pitAnuM nanda-sAmrAjyane ukheDI nAkhavAnuM svama pAra pADavAne, nanda taraphathI apamAnita thaI gayela hevAthI jherIle banelo e cANakya pitAne maLatI eke eka takano upayoga karavAnuM cUkayo nahi. eNe Ubho karele rAjA candragupta maurya pATalIputra para karelA sIdhA halAmAM na phAvyuM, paraMtu Akhare cANakaye ardharAjya ApavAnI zarate himAlayanA pahADI pradezanA rAja parvatakanI madada meLavI magadhanA e pATanagarane bhAgyuM. nanda jIvitadAna mAgyuM, cANakaye tene joItA dhana sAthe javA dIdhe.48 najanI kanyA candraguptane svayaMvaravA pitAnI sammati meLavI zakI. e kanyAnA caMdraguptathI adhiSThita ratha para caDhavAnA samaye rathacakranA nava ArA bhAgI jatAM, "mauryavaMza nava peDhI sudhI javAnI jema uttarottara hAnivRddhithI rAjya karaze." ema cANakayanI bhaviSyavANuM thaI. 85 zrI hemacaMdrasUrijI vigerenA kahevA mujaba ma. ni. thI 55 ane himavaMtartharAvalInA kathana pramANe ma. ni. 154 vItatAM caMdragupta magadha sAmrAjyane svAmI banyo 86 pAlaka rAjAo pachI ma. ni. 61 thI 155 eTale 5 bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza (dvitIya bhAga) pR 6 thI 51 (bhAvArtha) (83) samaya racita-thAritsAgara. kathA pIThalambaka, taraMga 5. jo 10thI125 (sArAMza) (84) nAvazyaka cUrNa (uttarabhAga) pR. 183, 184, 185 ane pariziSTa parva. sagara 8. kla0 3 thI 108 nA AdhAre. bhArata prAcIna rAjavaMza (dvitIya bhAga) pU 51 (bhAvArtha) (85) AvazyakacUrSi (pUrva bhAga) "teja dviticaM-fo raDhipure si-ti mati, nA vA iLA kutiguja, tue vaio ghotitti" pa. pa63 thI 55 ane AcA- zrI hema racita pariziSTa parva. sarga 8, 0 215 thI 26 parathI. zakunenAmunA vatsa, vRddhimevAdhikAdhikAm / gAbhI puruSayugANi nava yAvat tavAnvayaH - parizaSTa 51. sarca 8. leka 326 (86) evaM ca zrImahAvIramuktevarSazate gate / paJcapaJcAzadadhike, candragupto'bhavannRpaH pariziSTa parva. sa 8. zve 39

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60 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. varSa sudhI avaninuM Adhipatya nandanA hAthamAM hatuM te have monA hAthamAM cAlyuM gayuM. himavaMta therAvalInA mate e kALa ma. ni. 61 thI 154 sudhI eTale 94 varSa che. paraMtu mApakSAdithI sUkSma rIte nahi neMdhAyelA A lekhamAM evo matabheda najIvo ja gaNa rahe che. AnI sAthe mATe matabheda te cAlu jaina saMpradAyane che, ke je nanAM rAjakAlanAM 155 varSa gaNI naMdarAjakAMta ma. ni. 215 varSe muke che. zarUAtamAM TAMkelI kAlagaNanAnI bIjI gAthAnA bIjA caraNuM navajA tu ghara iaa' ne vAcArtha 155 varSa nanuM rAjaya hatuM evo thAya che ane cAlu saMpradAya eja pramANe mAne che. kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya zrI hemacaMdrasUri ema na mAnatAM, ma ni. 155 varSa sudhInandanuM rAjya hatuM ema mAne che. AcAryazrInI evI mAnyatA uparokta caraNanA abhiprAyabhedathI thatA artha para AdhAra rAkhatI haze ke temanI samIpamAM bIjA keI sAdhane haze ene ApaNane patto nathI, paraMtu jANavA maLe che ke, e khAcAryazrInI pahelAM thaI gayelA zrIbhadrezvarasUrijIe paNa pitAnI "kahAvalI"mAM "mahAvIranA mukti samayathI 155 varSe nandavaMzane buccheda jatAM caMdragupta rAjA tha87 ema lakhyuM che, e parathI siddha thAya che ke, ma. ni. 155 varSa sudhI nandonuM rAjya rahyuM hatuM evI mAnyatAvALI kaI paraMparA hatI. e paraMparA atiprAcIna hovI joIe. himavaMta rAvalI ma. ni. 154 varSa sudhI nanuM rAjya lakhe che, te A paraMparAnuM ja vadhAre cekasAI bharyuM pramANa che, ema kahIe to te kheDuM nathI. ma. ni. 155 ke 154nA arasAmAM nanavaMza pATalIputramAMthI sarvathA ukhaDI gayo hate ema 'tiththoTI pannA'nI eka gAthA parathI paNa sUcana thAya che. te gAthA A pramANe che - 84 (tA) javAghelo, naivaMto makavavo ! sayarAheNa paNaTThA, samaya samANaseNa // tayaNaMtaraM vIrAo igasayAhiyacauSannavAsesu viikatesu cANigANuNIyo moriyaputto caMdagutto NavamaM gaMdaNivaM pADalIputtAo NikAsIya sayaM magahAhiyo jaao| himavacAryanirmita thavarAvalI . (mudrita) (87) " evaM ca mahAvIramuttisamayAo paMcAvaNavarisasayeNucchiNNe nandavaMse craghutto jAthA jJAtti"-bhadrezvarasUrinI kahAlI' (88) rAjendroza bhAga , pR. 10ramAM A mAthAnuM prathama caraNa ja ghamajavaMtI' lakhyuM che. jyAre amadAvAda DahelAnA pustakabhaMDAranI lakhelI vasamI "tA ganalo' evI rIte pATha che. rAjendrakAzamAM gAthAno aMka 96' ne che. zrIyuta 5. kalyANuvijayajIe "kInivAsavA aura jaina jJadavAnA' pustakamAM pR. 173mAM 'utteja jJAna ' A gAthAne aMka 82 lakhe

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. - A gAthAne artha karavA pahelAM, te kayA samayane lAgu paDe che ane kevA prasaMgathI e gAthAnuM avataraNa thAya che, te ahiM saMkSepathI spaSTa karI dauM, ke jethI e gAthAnA karAtA arthanI vAstavikatA viSe vicAra karavAnI sagavaDa maLe. yugapradhAna paTTAvalIonA AdhAre 89 ma. ni 64 varSe matAntare 70 varSe) zrI jaMbusvAmI mukata thayA. te pachI temanA paTTe AryaprabhavasvAmI AvyA. teo ma, ni. 75 varSe svargastha thatAM temanA pade Arya zaabhava yugapradhAna thayA. ma. ni. 98 varSe emanA svargastha thayA bAda Arya yazabhadra emanA paTTadhara yugapradhAna thayA, 50 varSa jeTalA dIrghakAla pata yugapradhAnapada bhegavI e zrutakevalI ma. ni. 148 varSe navamAM nAnA (himavata thazavalInA mate AThamA nandanA) rAjyakAle svargastha thatAM temanA pade Arya saMbhUti ane AryabhadrabAhu e be kRtaghare AvyA. zrIyazobhadra pachI AryasaMbhUtivijaya yugapradhAnapade hatA. teo ma. ni. 156 varSe svargastha thatAM AryabhadrabAha yugapradhAnapade AvyA. saMpUrNa aMgasUtronA dhAraka A zrI bhadrabAhu mani. 170 varSe vargastha thayA hatA. dilthagAlI emanA yuganI zarUAtamAM jaina zramaNasaMghanI muzkelIno khyAla ApatAM lakhe che ke - che. rAjendrakAnnamAM mA "seja vALA 20' mAthA pachI avaThTho 2 ro' e gAthA lakhI pachI te gamdhaM. gAthA ApI che e parathI tene gAthA-aMka 804 Ave paraMtu zrIyuta paMnyAsajIe temanA uparokata pustAmAM pR. 30 TI, 27mAM A gAthAne aMka 705 ( tigAlI 5. 23) lakhyo che. tenA kAna 20' e gAthA ane "gamaMvaM' e gAthA e benI vacce eka nahi paNa be gAyA hAI "sa karavo .' A gAthAno aMka 805 Ave tene badale panyAsajIe kayA kAraNathI 70 5 aMka e gAthAno lakhyA haze? rAjendradezamAM ane paMkhyA 4jInA TIpaNamAM nedhAyelI gAthAomAM je AMka mukayA che temAM AThane pheraphAra che, paraMtu "tattama ziravAdu' e gAthA pachInI mAthAthI aMka mukatAM "gar #Ana 20' mAyAne aMka 88 mAM Ave emAM e bane graMthamAM sarakhAI che. te pachI tenI pAchaLa AvanArI bIjI gAthA mAM zrIyuta paMnyAsajIne TIpaNumAM jaNAvyA majaba 404 ne badale 70 5 aMka kevI rIte pAye, e " tieAAlI paInnayanI mULa prato sivAya nirNaya karI zakAya nahi, sivAya ke khAtrI pUrvaka nirIkSaNa karI zrIyuta paMnyAsajI tene kaI khulAso kare. (81) riri thIjas () sumo, TvIM cacattalAla (2) saMkuraNa (3) jamavera (4) fass-gavarata tethIka rANAja | v=ANa (4) kAma, (6) hamUda (7) mApurA 14 jarA (8) dhUma, jAthAtre sunnara yugapradhAnapaTTAvalI zrI mahAvIratha 20144+1+2350+8+14=70 varSe zrI bhadrabAhunA yugapradhAnano aMta. 44 50

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62 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. zrI bhadrabAhunA samaye madhyadezamAM eka bhayaMkara anAvRSTine durmikSa pravartate hata. kaMka sAdhu sAdhvIoe anazana karyA hatAM. ane keka madhyadezanA magadha vigeremAMthI vihAra karI samudrakinArAnA najIkanA pradezamAM cAlyA gayA hatA zrIbhadrabAhue A vakhate bAra varSane vega Adaryo hate." * tiththagAlImAM bhadrabAhunA gapravezane ane yogasamAptine cakkasa samaya jaNAvyuM nathI. te anukrame ma. ni. 158 ane 166 varSe heI zake ema AgaLa para jaNAvIzuM. A pachI aMgazratanA vicAranI ane tenA anusaMdhAna vigerenI hakIkata jaNAvatAM paInnayakAra kahe che ke -"bAravarSa jeTalo dIrgha samaya e durmikSa vItyA bAda jIvatA rahelA zeSa sAdhuo eka bIjAne maLyA tyAre samajavuM ke, aMgakRtanuM ochAvattA pramANamAM rakane vimaraNa thaI gayuM che, jyAre bAramA aMga tarIke daSTivAnuM-caudapUrvanuM zruta te koInAmAM rahyuM nathI. paraMparAgata cAlyA AvA aMgazratanI A dazA jemAM zrIzramaNasaMgha pATalIputramAM ekaThA thaye. teNe ekabIjAnA avagata pAThanuM anusaMdhAna karI agIAra aMgane saMpUrNa rIte vyavasthita karyA, paraMtu pUrvenuM zruta dharAvanAra keI na hevAthI tene caudapUnA jJAtA zrIbhadrabAhunI AvazyakatA jaNAI. A vakhate bhadrabAhu nepAlanA talapradezamAM yoganA aMgabhUta mahAprANa nAmanA dhyAnanI sAdhanAmAM rokAyA hatA. zrIzramaNasaMghe temane nimaMtraNa karyuM. teoe prathama te vAcA ApavAnA saMbaMdhamAM AnAkAnI karI, paNa aMte zramaNasaMghanA khAsa Agrahane tAbe thavAnI pitAnI pharaja samajI zrIsthUlabhadrAdine sAmayika vAcanA devAnI temaNe zamaNusaMdhane kabulAta ApI. pAMcaso sAdhuo emanI pAse jaI rahyA. zrIbhadrabAhue sAmayika zaratI vAcanA ApavA mAMDI. evI rIte vAcanA letAM zrIsthUlabhadra sivAya anya sarva zramaNo ALasI gayA aMtamuhUrtamAM saupUrvonuM parAvartana karI zakAya evI ajaba zakitane samarpatuM zrIbhadrabAhue AdareluM mahAprANu dhyAna jyAre saMpUrNa thayuM tyAre temaNe zrI sthUlabhadrane zIvratAthI vAcanA devI zarU karI. paraMtu lagabhaga dazapUrvenuM zruta maLyA pachI zrI sthUlabhadra jyAra yakSAdi bhaginI sAdhvIonA vaMdana prasaMge siMhanA rUpanI vimurvaNA karI tyAre emane AgaLa vAcanA ApavI baMdha karI. zrI bhadrabAhune lAgyuM ke, rAjakula sarIkhA kulamAM utpanna thanAra ane apUrva brahmacaryanI zakti dharAvanAra tathA pitAne maLatA nandanA mAnada mantrI padane tuccha gaNI tene pheMkI denAra evI vyakita paNa pUnA AgaLa paDatA zratane na jIvI zake te pachI anya sAmAnya janane mATe te kahevuM ja zuM ? Ama chatAM sthUlabhadra thaI gayelI pitAnI bhUlanI mAphI mAgI tathA zrI zramaNa saMghe thUlabhadrajIne avaziSTa cAra pUrvanI vAcanA ApavAne zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIne Agraha karyo tyAre temaNe anya koIne anujJA na ApavAnI zarate zrIsthUlabhadrane cAra pUrvenI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vAcanA ApI, 7 90 bhagavAna mahAvIranA zAsanamAM atyAra sudhI akhaMDa pravartate bAra aMgano paraMparA pravAkarUpa vaMza uparokta rIte vyuccheda pAmyo, e hakIkatane dekhare rAkhI gautarIke anyavazenA vyu che te paNa jaNAvatA 5innayakAra uparokta " ga0" gAthAne nedhe che. ene bhAvArtha A pramANe che - "te evI rIte aMgavaMza, nandavaMza ane makavaMza e sadhyAnavaMzanI sAthe zIghratAthI praNAza pAmyA." gha' gAthA netAnI pUrve paInnayakAra zrIbhadrabAhunA mukhamAM daza (pUrvanI) anujJA karuM chuM. cAra (pUrva) praNaSTa thatAM jANI le." "e kAraNathI AThamA puruSa yuga (mahAvIrathI AThamA puruSa sthUlabhadra) nA vAre ekavAranA cAra parve prazuSTa thayAM jANI le." e pramANe vacana punarukitathI mukyAM che. vacce prasaMgopAta eka gAthAmAM cauda pUrvadharanA samaye pAjaMcita ane anavasthita tapanA bhuchedanI vAta paNa karavAmAM AvI che. A pachI " iva' gAthAthI naja, maruka ane sadhyAna e traNa vaMzanA vyucchedane kahevA sAthe aMgavaMzanA vyu chedane paNa jaNAvyuM che. eka lAMbAkALa sudhI jainadharmanI prabhAvanA karanAra nandana rAjavaMza, rAjakula sarIkha-daDha jainaSamI maka-kapaka brAhmaNane mankIvaMza ane jenA yoge aMtarmuhUrtamAM cau5 gaNuM zakAya e mahAprANa nAmanA dhyAnanA dhArakena sadhayAnavaMza, e traNe jainatvanI daSTie mahattvanA vaMza hatA. A sarvathI mahattvano vaMza sarva aMgazrutanA zrutakevalIone aMgavaMza hato. aMga ane aMgI, dhyAna ane dhyAnI enA abheda saMbaMdhathI aMga ane dhyAnane paNa puruSaparaMparA rUpa vaMza tarIke gaNe tenA nAzane (90) rAjendrakeza bhA 2,pR 1371thI 1377 sudhImAM mAM ApelA TuMka sArAMzane jaNAvatI tibbe - AlInI gAthAo nedhI che. e gAthAomAM zatasaMkhyAno aMka pAse mukAyo che. emAM kAMIka azuddhi ane galata pAThanuM cinha (......) paNa mukAyuM che. prathama bhASAmAM zakhaMbhava , yazobhadra ane saMbhUtivijayanuM sUcana karyuM che ane te mAthAne aMka "pa" mukayo che. A pachI bhadrabAhunI vaktavyatA "rAma thiyA'e "6' aMkavALI ga thAthI zarU kare che ane te 93mI gAthAmAM pUrNa thAya che. A pachI 'utteja" e gAthAthI cAra parvanA vicchedanuM ane aoragmo' e gAthAthI be prAyazcittanA vicchedanuM kathana karI 26mI gAthAma-te gharama ' gAthAmAM judI ja paddhatithI-paraMparA pravAha praNag thayo evI rItathI cAra pUrvenA vicchedanI vAtanuM sUcana karyuM che. A pachI prathama dazapUrvadhara ane aMtima dazapUrvadharanuM sUcana karatI tathA dazapUrvanA yudakAlane jaNAvatI be be gAthAo TAMkI e gAthAono aMka 100 sudhI laI javAyA che. A gAthAomAM thI 60 sudhInI gAthAo bhAga-4, pR. 2415 mAM 'sTama' zabdamAM nedhAI gayelI hovAthI ahiM pAtI mukI che.

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64 avatinuM Adhipatya. uparASThata gAthAmAM ullekha karyo che, ane sAthe sAthe nandu ane maruka-kalpaka brAhmaNavaMzanA thADAM varSo pUrve thayeA nAzanI tyAM prAsaMgika noMdha lakhI che. e cAre vaze kayAre nAza pAmyA tenA samaya nakkI karavAmAM tiththAngAlInA cAsa varSa jaNAvanArA spaSTAkSarA nathI paNa 'teM pavaeN.' gAthAthI dhvanita thAya che ke, zrI bhadrabAhu svastha thayA te pahelAMnAM varSomAM e cAravaze! nAza pAmyA hatA, athavA bhadramADuM svastha thayA tyAre nAza pAmyA hatA, paraMtu te pachI kAlAMtare te nahi ja. zrIbhadrabAhu ma. ni. 170 varSe svargastha thayA hatA emAM jaina sAhitya ekamata che. eTale uparakta cAra vaMzanA nAzanA samaya ma, ti. 170 varSe bhadramADuM svargastha thayA tyAre athavA ma. ti. 170 varSa pahelAMnA hatA ema nakkI thAya che. zrIbhadra hue sthUlabhadrane ATha varSoMmAM ADa pUrva' bhaNAvyAM hatAM ema zrI hemacaMdrasUri vigerenu kahevu che. mahAprANa dhyAnanA kAraNe alpavAcanA apAtI hAvAthI ATha varSa jeTalA samaya lAgya hAya e saMbhavita che. A pachI navamA pUrvanI ane e vastu ochA dazamA pUrvanI vAcanA devAmAM zIvratAne laI Ache samaya lAgyA haze tathA vAcanA ApavAnuM aMdha karyA pachI paNa zrIbhadrakhAhu gheADA samaya jIvita rahyA haze, te paNa te samaya Azare e varSa jeTalA haze ja. ema ATha ane e varSe maLI eka dare daza varSa, zrIbhadramADuM 170 varSe svagastha thayA temAMthI bAda karatAM ma. ni. 160 vaSaeN durbhikSane aMta ane vAcanApradAnanI zarUAtanA samaya Ave che. A pachI A varSe mahAprANa sayAnanI samApti thai hatI ema kahevAyu che, eTale te samaya ma. ni. 168 varSe AvyA ane e dhyAna khAra varSanuM hatu, eTale 168mAMthI bAra varSa khAda karatAM Azare 156 varSe e dhyAnanI zarUAta thai haze, ke jyAre temane yugapradhAnapada para AvyAne jhAjho samaya vItyA nahi haze. vaLI durbhikSanA aMtanA samaya ma. ni. 160 varSe sAbIta thAya che tethI e khAra dukALInA Adi samaya ma. ni. 148 varSe hAvA joie. A manAvAnI sAlavArI A pramANe ane;-- ma. ni. 148 varSe dubhikSaprAraMbha, subhUtivijaya yugapradhAnapade. ma. ni. 155 varSe nandavaza ne kalpaSTavaMzanA ata(hemacaMdrAddhimate) ma ni. 156 varSe bhadrabAhu yugapradhAnapade, mahAprANa sahacAnAra'bha ma, ni. 160 vaSaeN durbhikSAMta, bhadrakhAhuthI vAcanAprArabha, ma. ni. 168 varSe mahAprANa saddhayAnAMta, zIvratAthI vAcanA. ma. ni. 169 varSe (mAzare) anujJA na karavAnI zarate vAcanA. ma. -ni 170 varSe bhadrakhAhsvargavAsa, 'gavano ane sastuMthAnavaMzanAza (sa mate) tathA nandavaMzanAza ane paDhavaMzanAza (tiSyeAggAlImate)

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avatinuM ASipatya. 65 upara ApelI sAlavArImAM zrahemacaMdrAdinA kaSanAnusAra nandavaMza ane marukavazanA nAzanA samaya 155 noMdhyA che ane maha!prANu-saddhacAnanA dhArakanA vaMzane nAza 17 nAMkhyA che. A bannenI vacce spaSTa rIte 15 varSanuM aMtara che chatAM tiththAmAlInI 'te dda.' gAthAmAM e cAre vaMzanA nAza samakAlIna nAMdhyA che, tethI te ma. ni. 170 varSe AvI paDatA nanheMzanA ane kalpaka vaMzanA nAzanA ullekha hemacadrAdi AcAryonA ullekhothI viruddha jAya che. sabhava che ke, e cAre vaMzane nAza samayaeN--sAthe na thayA hoya te paNa bhadrAhunA yuganI apekSAe sAmAnya daSTie samaya kahevAye hoya athavA te khoddhatra thAmAM nandonAM 22 varSa lakhAyAM che, temAMnAM 14 varSe rAjagRhImAM mAMDalika rAjA tarIke nandAnAM-chelA nandanAM hAvAM joIe, ema huM pUrve kaDhI gaye| chu,91 te pramANe 155+14=169 varSe navaMzanA sarvathA nAtha tiththAngAlInI gAthAe gaNyA hAya. zrIyaka pachI kAIka karAvazI puruSa rAjagRhImAM nandanuM mantrIpaNuM' karatA hAya te pazu nA nahi, nandavaMza samApta thatAM zrIyaka pachI nA e kAI kalpaka zIe dIkSA lIdhI hoya ne tene vaMza paNa tyAre samApta thaye| hAya e manavA joga che. rAjendrakAzamAM 'tiththA hi'nI noMdhAyalI gAthAomAM eka gAthA A pramANe cheHpussvaannN aNuogo, saMghayaNaM paDhamaM ca saMhaNaNaM // suhuma mahArANANi ya, vocchinA thUlabhadammi // A gAthAnA bhAvAya e che ke, zrIsthUlabhadrathI eTale te yugapradhAnapada para AvyA tyArathI pUrvenA saMpUrNa aMgazrutane anucega, prathama saghayaNu ane prathama saMsthAna tathA sUkSma mahAprANa (dhyAna) e cAranA nyuccheda thayA. A gAthAmAM 'te va' gAthAmAMnI me khAkhatA-aMganAza ane dhyAnanAza; aneA ullekha karavAmAM AvyA che. sa'pUrNa aMgazruta ane mahAprANadhyAna e bahu ja mahatvanAM hatAM, ane tethI tenA nAza e dhyAna kheMcanArA hAi tiththAgAlIe 'jujvALa' ane sai ya'e be gAthAo saMgrahI che. Ama chatAM teM va.' gAthAnuM prathama caraNa 'tA payaM bhagavaMto' evI rIte lakhI A gAthAne rAjavaMzeAnI samApti sucakra kahI eka lekhaka enA artha bhinna ja rIte kare che. te A gAthAmAM aMgava'zanA nAzanI vAta karavAmAM AvI che tene, savathA asa'gata cukava zanA nAzanA nAme caDhAvI de che. tathA 'majUra ' nA atha mauya kare che.92 adhurA vyAkhyAnane lIdhe ke anya game te kAraNe huM A lekhaka (91 ) pR. 45 (92) cAra pUrvIne nAza ane tenI sAthe sAnA nAya, e yatana prakaraNa sAthe zake!nA nAnA kAi prasa`gaja nathI. te| pachI te vamaMgavo' e caraNamAMnA 'ma' nA sthAne '='nI kalpanA ja karavI nakAmI che, lakhelI kAI AtamAM 'OM' na haiAtAM ma' hAya tA prakaraNa vazAt tene azuddha mAnavuM joie. mane nathI lAgatu ke 'gavA' evA zabda mAnavAmAM kAi Apatti AvI padmatI hoya, rAjya zAsana karanArAenA mATe paraparAthI utpattipravAhamAM jema vaza zabda vaparAya che athavA tA sa'tAnamAM 9

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. mahAzayanA kathanane samajI zakatuM nathI. prakaraNavazAt e gAthAmAM aMgakRtane nAza, e yugamAM thayelo nandavaMzano tathA kalpakavaMzane nAza ane aMgazratanA nAzanI sAthe thayela dhyAnane nAza e cAra bAbatene ja ullekha karAyo che. ema mArI samaja heI, ma. ni. 155 varSe naM rAjayano aMta Avyo hato e vAtane # vg gAthAthI huM samarthana karI rahyo chuM. tiththagAlIe zrIbhadrabAhunA yuganI AdinI lagabhagathI tenA aMta sudhImAM banelA banAvane jaNAvanA je gAthA saMgraha karyo che temAM nandavaMzAhinA nAzane jaNAvanArI i ga0" e gAthAne saMgrahI che. e saMgrahita gAthAomAM karaNafiro' vigere kAlagaNa nAnI gAthAo paNa che emAM "jarjagira' e trIjI gAthAne uttarArdha zrI merUtuMgAcArya nedhelI kAlagaNanAnI trIjI gAthAnA uttarArdhathI zAbdika ane Arthika pheraphAravALo che, paraMtu te pUrvenI aDhI gAthA zAbdika pheraphAravALI che, paNa temAM Arthika pheraphAra nathI. "uLavajha raghaMg r dvA enA sthAne tiththagAlImAM guruvraSe vizALa vALa evo pATha che. A caraNane artha naMdenuM rAjya 155 varSa sudhI hatuM" e karavAne e ja tiththagsAlInI 'ga" gAthA spaSTa rIte sUcana karI rahI che. e vakhate evo ja saMpradAya haze ane te vadhAre vyApaka paNa haze, ema anumAna thAya che. noe 155 varSa rAjya karyuM e sIdhe artha karanAra saMpradAya A pachIthI ja janmI kAlAntare vadhAre vyApaka banyA haze ema lAge che. ahiM sudhI ulekhelAM sAdhano uparAMta anya paNa evAM keTalAMka sAdhane che ke jethI nandanuM rAjya ma, ni. 155 sudhI had, nahi ke ma, ni. 215 sudhI, ema samajI zakAya. e anya sAdhanene ulekha amuka avasare AgaLa para karavAmAM Avaze. A viSayamAM ema paNa kalpanA karI zakAya ke, kAlagaNanAnI bIjI ane trIjI gAthA zarUAtamAM nIce pramANe racAyelI hovI joIe - vaMza zabda vaparAya che, tema aMgenA anuyAga karanArAonA mATe vaMza zabda javAmAM koI bAdha nathI atyArasudhI saMpUrNa aMgazna no anoya paraMparAgata cAluM hatuM te, pUvone amuka bhAma vida javAthI ane pUrve e aMgazratamAM ja hovAthI, baMdha paDhatAM ema kahevAya ke aMgadhArakone vaM, naSTa thaye, ane A aMgadAronA vaMzanA nAthane abheda vikSAthI aMgavaMzanA nAza tarIke je lakhavAmAM Ave to temAM kAMi bAdha nathI kuri' zabdano artha mauya' thAya paNa "ma' zabdano artha mauya thaI zake ja nahi A zabdane arthe rAjendradezamAM AvI rIte karyo che - mahA-mA. vi. nItaLa mALa gAmathI nivRol giaa mA-maka. grahane bR-1, u02 praka0 dhigvaNe daza0 9 ma0 4 u0|| ahiM prakaraNavazAta nAMdhAyale vijhavaMza, e kalpakavaMza ja hoi zake "raMgSa gAthAmAM enA nAzanI ja nadhi che. maurya vaMzanA nAthane ahiM koI prasaMga ja nathI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. "saTThI pAlagaranno, paNauNa sayaM tu hoi gaMdANaM / saTThIsayaM muriyANaM, tIsacciya pUsamittANaM // balamitta bhANumittA-Na aTTavarisANi catta nahavahaNe taha gaddabhillarajja, terasavAse sagassa ghau // " (A gAthAne bhAvArtha e che ke, pAlakarAjAnuM 60, nandanuM 5, maunuM 160, pumitronuM 30, balamitra-bhAnumitranuM 8, navAhananuM 40, gaNilanuM 13 ane zAnuM 4 varSa rAjya hatuM.) A gAthAo AvI rIte racAyelI hovA chatAM pAchaLathI lekhaka deze ke anya game te kAraNe emAM azuddhi praveza pAmI, jevA rUpamAM atyAre te gAthAe maLI Ave che tevA rUpamAM banI gaI. pariNAme e gAthAone sIdhe AvI paDate arthe savIkAranArA cAlu saMpradAyane prAcIna saMpradAya, ke jene himavadAdi AcArya anusaryA che, tenI sAthe matabheda paDI gaye, ane keTalIka asaMgati vaherI levI paDI. | himavaMta therAvalI vigerenA AdhAre uparokta rIte kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM zuddhatA azuddhatAnI kalpanA karIe te temAM ayukta jevuM nathI, paraMtu kalpa zuddha pATha koIpaNa sthaLe lakhela-pAThAntara tarIke paNa jovAmAM na Ave tyAM sudhI, te manavI ja kalpanA che. pahelAM zuddhapATha judI rIte hatuM, paNa pAchaLathI te azuddha banI judI rIte thaye evI vAta karanAranI viruddhamAM, sarvatra maLI Avate eka sarakhe pATha pate ja virodha uThAvI rahyo che; ane tethI e gAthAnA asaMgata jaNutA pATha mATe be ja vAta rahe che. kAMtA e pATha mULathI ja asaMgata racAya che; athavA te e asaMgata jaNAtA pAThane artha cAlu saMpradAya je abhiprAyathI kare che tethI bhinna abhiprAye thato haI saMgata ja che. e prAcIna pAThane asaMgata ja mAnavA karatAM game te rIte tene saMgata kare e ja ucita che. nAnA rAjyata samaya viSe itihAsanA graMthamAM matabheda hate. ene mATe ekkasa samaya jaNAva hoya ne sAthe temane rAjattvakAla paNa sUcave heya to, saMkSiptaci sUtrakA2 155 sudhI evA sAbhiprAyavALuM saMkSiptasUtra "pAvana parathI ja lakhe, ke jethI baMne arthe sara. astu, nandAe ma. ni. 60 thI 155 sudhI 95 varSa magadha sAmrAjya gayuM, te daramIyAna avanitanA aMdhapatio eka sarakhI rIte teo ja hatA. have magadha sAmrAjya nandavaMzanA hAthamAMthI mauryavaMzanA hAthamAM jatAM avantinA adhipatio paNa maryo ja thayA, AthI have kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo temanA ja avantinA Adhipatya kAlane nedhe che, ke je naidha AjakAlanA saMzodhakomAM bahu ja asaMgata ane vivAdAspada thaI paDI che. avantinA adhipati e maunA vaMza viSe have ApaNe lakhIe.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. pariziSTa 1 purANe ane bauddhagraMthanI vaMzAvalImAMnA vaMzaka, ane udAyI pachIthI laI navama nanda pUrvenA naktivardhana ane nAgadAsa Adi rAjAone rAjagRhInA rAjA tarIke AlekhI jaina, bauddha ane paurANika ule bane samanvaya sAdhavA prayatna thaI ja cUkya che. A pariziSTamAM e rAjAone pATalIputranA samrATo tarIke ja mAnI samanvaya sAdhatAM kevI sthiti ubhI thAya che tene khyAla ApavA prayatna karIza. vi. saM. pU. 410, I. sa. 5 467 varSe mahAvIranuM nivaNa thayuM hatuM. te pachI 7 varSe eTale ma. ni. 7 (vi saM. pU. 403, I. sa. 5 46) varSe buddhanuM parinirvANa (mRtyu) ane te pUrve 15 ke 17 varSe eTale ma. ni. 5 15 ke 17 (vi. saM 5,425 ke 27, I. sa. pU. 482 ke 484) varSe buddhanuM nivaNa (kaivalya) thayuM hatuM, ema A lekhanI mAnyatA che. sIna, bamAM siyAma ane AsAmanA rAjaguruo A lekhamAMnA nivAMzunA samaye parinirvANane mAnI nirvAnA samayane 22 ke 24 varSa tethI parve laI jAya che. bauddhagraMthonA AdhAre e parinirvANanA samayano I. sa. mAM. AMka mukatAM saMzodhake bhinna bhinna mate caDhI gayA che. jene nA cAlu saMpradAya pramANe kAlagaNanAmAM 60 varSa vadhAre hatAM mahAvIranirvANa I. sa. pU. para7 Ave ane tethI 15 ke 17 varSa pUrve buddhaparinirvANu mAnatAM buddhaparinirvANa I. sa. 5, 542 ke 544 Ave paraMtu A lekhamAM e vadhArAnAM 60 varSa gaNavAmAM AvatAM na hovAthI mahAvIranirvANa Isa. pU 467 varSe ane tethI 15 ke 17 varSa pUrve eTale i. sa. pu. 482 ke 484mAM buddhaparinirvANa Ave. bauddha sAhityamAM ajAtazatru (keNika)nA rAjyAbhiSekanA AThamA varSe buddhanuM parinirvANa thayuM hatuM, ema kahevAyuM che. A hisAbe ajAtazatrune rAjyAbhiSeka mahAvIranA nirvANathI pUrve 23 ke 25mAM varSamAM eTale vi. saM. 5. 433 ke 435, i. sa. pU. 490 ke 492mAM Ave. ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhiSekanI sAla ane buddhaparinirvANanI sAla, e be bauddhavaMzAvalInA rAja vakAlanA mApanuM kendra che. emAM ajAtazatrunA rAjayAbhiSekanI sAlathI bauddhavaMzAvalI A pramANe che - pATalIputranA rAjyavarSa cAluvarSa gatavarSa vi.saM. pUrve gata I.sa. pUrve samrATe (17 varSa) aAtazatru 32 bu.saM.18-bu.saM.24 ma.ni pU25-mani.7 435-403 591-460 udayabhadra 16 24-40 79-23 403-387 460-444 anuddha-muha 8 4-48 23-31 387-379 444-436 nAgadAsaka 24 48-72 31-55 379-355 436-412 susunoga 72-90 55-73 355-337 412-394

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 24 kalAka 28 90-118 73-10 337-309 394-366 kAlAsokaputro 22 118-140 101-123 306-287 366-344 navanada 22 140-162 123-145 287-265 34-322 caMdragupta 162-186 145-16 265-241 322-298 bindusAra 28 186-2014 16-17 241-2 3 298-270 azoka 4 214-218 197-201 213-209 270-266 (anabhiSikta) azoka ' 37 218-255 20-238 29-172 266-229 - uparokta vaMzAvalImAM ajAtazatrunA AThamA varSamAM buddhaparinirvANa manAyuM che. buddhaparinirvANathI 90 varSe kAlAsokane jayAraMbha che. enA rAjyanAM 10 varSa vItatAM bauddhadharmanI bIjI samiti bharAyAno ullekha che. te vakhate barAbara 100 varSa vItyAM hatAM AmAM candraguptane rAjyAbhiSeka ane azokano rAjyAbhiSeka buddha parinirvANathI anukrame 162 ane 218 varSamAM Ave che e joddha ulekha pramANe baMdha banI che. zreNikanA rAjyAbhiSekathI azokanA rAjyanA aMtanuM aMtara ahiM 252 + 5 = 307 varSa Ave che. paNa azokano mRtyu samaya tenA rAjyanA aMta pachI 4 varSa vadhAre laMbAvIe ane e aMtara zreNikane rAjyAbhiSeka ane azokane mRtyusamaya e be vaccenuM gaNIe to 311 varSa thAya ke je bauddha ulekhanI sAthe baMdha bese. Ama dakSiNanA bauddhone anusaratA bauddhagraMthanI mAnyatAnuM samarthana uparokta vaMzAvalI mAM rItasara thAya che. je samaye buddhanuM parinirvANu mAnavAmAM Ave che te parinirvANane samaya nahi. paraMtu nivaNano che. ane parinirvANa te tethI 24-25 varSa pachI thayuM che. e pAchaLanA samayathI ja 7 varSa pUrve ajAtazatru gAdIe AvyuM hatuM, ema je mAnavAmAM Ave te tethI paNa A vaMzAvalImAM asaMgati AvI paDatI nathI, kemake teNe je samaye ajAtazatrune rAjyAbhiSeka thayo te akkasa samayane ja anulakSI vaMzAvalIdhI che. jo ke cekasa manAyalA saMvatanI cakakasa sAlavALI hakIktanI sAthe tene meLa na maLI zake e eka judI vAta che. udAharaNa tarIke-A lekhamAM I. sa. pUrve 467 varSe mahAvIra nirvANu mAnI tethI 1 varSa pUrve eTale I. sa. 5. 468 varSe ajAtazatrune rAjyAbhiSeka gaNya che, ane ma. na. thI 60 varSe udAyIno rAjyata mAnI tene samaya ajAtazatrunA rAjyA. bhiSekathI 6 varSe gaNyo che. A hisAbe udAyIno rAjyAMta I. sa. pU 407 (467+ 1 = 468-61 = 407) varSe Ave have bauddhavaMzAvalImAM ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhiSekathI udAyIna zAyata 48 varSe ka hyo che te I. sa. pU. 407mAM lAva hoya te zatrune rAjyAbhiSeka i. sa. 5 455 varSe mAnavo joIe athavA udAyInA rAjyatithI ajAtazatrane rAjyAbhiSeka 48 varSa pUrve lAva hoya te udAyIne rAjyata I. sa. pU 420mAM laI javuM joIe, ane A rIte ja A lekhanI gaNanAne bauddhavaMzAvalI sAthe meLa maLe, paraMtu A lekhanI gaNanA cokakasa sAlavArIthI baMdhAyelI che te tema na karI

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avatinuM Adhipatya, zatI hAvAthI tenA bauddhava'zAvalI sAthe meLa maLe ja nahi. uparokta gaNanA jainagaNanAthI 24 varSa pUrve zarU thatI hAvAthI tene jainagaNanA sAthe meLavavAnuM azakaya che. have A vaMzAvalInI sAthe purANeA kayAM sudhI samanvita thAya che te jovuM joIe. purANeAnA vaMzaka rAjAnAM 24 varSa che. ane bauddhavaMzAvalInA nAgadAsakanAM paNa 24 varSa' che. tethI te anne bhinna vyakti nathI. A nAgadAsaka pachI susunAga che tene nandivana-nanda paDelA gaNavA. A pachI AvanAro kAlAsAka e mahApadma-trIjA nandathI bhinna nathI. purANAmAM mahApadmanAM 88 vaSa lakhyAM che paNa te dekhItI rIte vadhAre hAI bhramAtmaka che. kharI rIte te 28 vaSa hAvAM joie, je kAlAsAkanI sAthe sa`gata che. kAlAsAka pachI tenA putrA bauddhava'zAvalImAM lakhAyA che te mahApadmanA putrA--nanda trIjAthI ATha sudhInA che. kAlAsAkanA putrA pachI navanana e te auddha ane paurANika vaMzAvalImAM eka ja nAme che. have eka rahyo mahAnandI te, susunAga-nantivana, kAlAseADha-mahApadma ane dhanana'-navama nanheM, AmAMnA game te ekathI bhinna na hAvA joIe. A uparokata prakArathI samanvaya karavAnI eka rIta che, jyAre trIjI rIta pramANe che:-- 70 purANAnA dazaka rAjAne game tyAMnA rAjA mAnI pATalIputranA siMhAsane gaNavA ja nahi ane nAgadAsaka e nantivana--nanda pahelA gaNavA. nAgadAsakanAM 24 varSanA badale nandivananAM 42 varSa gaNyAM che tethI purANeAe 18 varSa' rAjatvakAlavALA susunAgane paDhatA mukI tenuM nAma lakhyuM nathI. nahitara susunAga e bIjo nanda hAI te mahAnandI haze. A pachInA kAlAsAka e mahApadma-nanda trIjo ane kAlAsAkanA putrA e mahApadmanA putrA--naMda ceAthAthI ATha sudhInA nando ja che A pachI banne va'zAvalIomAM navananda lakhyA che te navamA nandva mauddhonA dhanananda samajavA. jainagraMtho te nandonAM nAma ane temanA rAjattvakAla lakhatAM ja na hAvAthI AddhavaMzAvalImAM temane nAmAdi bheTTathI purANavazAvalInA rAjAonI jema ja gaNI levA. tyAM- purANavaMzAvalImAM anurUddha-muNDa lakhavAmAM AvyA nathI, temane 8 varSanA rAjattvakAla ane nAgadAsakanAM 5 varSa, ema 13 varSoM udAyImAM gaNI lIdhAM che te udAyInA 28mAMthI kADhI nAMkhavAM eTale mauddhavazAvalInI sAthe jaina ullekhAnA paNa samanvaya thai jaze. bhinna-bhinna saMzokAnA ullekhAne dhyAnamAM laI A samanvaya sAdhavA me' prayatna karyAM che, paNa te vyaja prayatna che. evA samanvaya sAdhatAM jANatAM ke ajANatAM keTalIka asatya hakIkatAmAM DAravAI javu paDe che. ane keTalIka satya hakIkatAne cheADI devI paDe che. ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhiSekathI AThamA varSe buddhapiinarvANa thayuM emAM bauddhagraMtho ekamata nathI. navanadonA rAjattvakAla phakta 22 vaSa' lakhAyA che te kAi rIte vAjabI nathI. tyAM mahuvacana vaparAyuM hovAthI ane navamA dhananakane ullekhelA DhAvAthI mahAva'zanI mAnyatAmAM nava sakhyAmAM ja nande che, tethI kAi navA nandva' evI kalpanA kare te tene sthAna nathI. phakta 22 varSe rAjattvakAkSanI avadhivALA nandA itihAsamAM bahu ja prasiddha

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya | 71 che, te pachI mahAvaMza pramANe nandothI bhinna ane 100 varSa rAjatvakAlavALA, anurUddha-muNDathI laI kAlAsokanA putra sudhInA magadha sAmrAjya jevA sAmrAjyanA rAjakartAo zA mATe auddhagraMtho sivAya anyatra prasiddha nathI ? tenuM kAraNa, teo pATalIputra sivAya anya sthaLanA-vaizAlI ke rAjagRhInA mAMDalika rAjakartAo haze, te sivAya bIjuM saMbhavita nathI. nAgadAsaka e udAyI pachIno rAjA che ema bauddhagraMtho kahe che, tene purANa pramANe udAyInI pahelAMnA vaMzaka sAthe kevala rAjavakAlanI samAnatA mAtrathI eka mAnI zakAya nahi. puNe e rAjAnAM bhinna bhinna nAma lakhe che. temAM nAgadAsaka nAma jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. ghaNAMkhAM purANe mahApadmathI ja nandavaMzanI zarUAta gaNe che, te pachI mahApadmanI pahelAMnA ane bauddhagraMthomAMnA navanadanI pahelAMnA anukrame nandivardhana, mahAnandI tathA nAgadAsaka, yusunAga, kAlAka ane kAlAsokanA putra, e rAjAone najavaMzanA gaNave e dekhItI rIte ja viruddha che. bAddhagraMthokta rAjavaMzAvalI navana viSe gerasamaja dharAve che, ema mAnavAmAM Ave te ja kAlAsokane naja mAnI mahAparmanI sAthe ekatA sAdhavAne prayatna thAya. mahApadmanI pahelane nandivardhana e te purANa pramANe nanda che ja nahi to pachI tene pahelA nanda tarIke kahe e nakAmuM ja che. kalAkano rAjavaMkAla bu. ni. 90 varSe zarU thAya che. ma. ni. thI 7 varSe buddhaparinirvANu thayuM hatuM e mAnyatAne ghaDIkabhara jatI karI ma. ni. V. 17 varSa baddhaparinirvANa mAnIe te kAlAkane rAjayAraMbha ma. ni. 73 varSe Ave. jainagraMthe pramANe ma. ni. 60 varSa avanti para nandanuM Adhipatya manAyuM che. ane purANa pramANe mahApadma nAmanA pahelA nandathI pUrve nandivardhana thaye che, eTale avantine e vijetAne samaya paNa ma. ni. 20 varSa pUrve ja zarU thayela hovo joIe. AvI sthitimAM ma, ni. 73 varSe rAjyAraMbhavALe ane ma. ni. 60 varSa pUrve rAjyAraMbhavALe anukrame kAlAka ne nandivardhana e banne eka hatA ema kahevuM asaMbhavita che. bhinna bhinna nAmavALA ane rAjatvakAlavALA rAjAone mAtra kalpanAthI ja eka mAnI levA emAM upalakIyA hakIkate na ja kAma lAge. ene mATe spaSTa prAmANika ulekha joIe. keI jevA tevA sthaLane koI eka sAmAnya ja hoya te judI vAta che. bauddhagraMthakta rAjavaMzAvalIne jaina sAhityanI sAthe te nahi je ja meLa che. e vaMzAvalI pramANe zrI mahAvIranA kaivalyathI pa ke 7 varSe zreNikanA rAjyano aMta Ave che. jainagraMthamAM AlekhelA vidyummAlI devanA prasaMgathI ane durganyAnA prathama darzanathI laI paTarANa thavAnA prasaMgathI anukrame 14 ane ochAmAM ochAM 20 varSa sudhI zreNikanuM rAjya saMbhave che, pATalIputranA siMhAsane anurUddhamuDAri rAjAo thayA nathI, udAyI aputrI hatuM, tenA pachI na AvyA che, nandone rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 60 varSe che, nanonA 2. jyane aMta ma. ni. 155 varSe thaye hate, nandone rAjavakAla 95 varSa athavA cAlu saMpradAya pramANe 155 varSa che, vigere vigere jenagraMkta aneka ule bono bauddhavaMzAvalInI sAthe meLa maLatuM nathI, A uparokta hakIkatathI spaSTa samajAya che ke, ajAtazatruthI AgaLa cAlatI e

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72 avaMtinuM Adhipatya bauddhagraMthAta vaMzAvalI kevala madhanA samrATe nI nathI tema kevala mAMDalikanI pada nathI, temAM bannenuM mizraNa che. emAMnA ajAtazatru ane udAyI anukrame caMpA ne pATalIputranA samrATo che, navananda paNa 95 varSa pATalI putranA samrATa tarIke hatA, jyAre anurUddha-muraDa, nAgadAsaka, susunAga, kAlAka, kAlAekanA putro ane navame nanda (pitAnA rAjavakAlanAM cheTalAM 14 varSa) e badhA vaizAlInI (nAgadAsaka ne naktivardhana bhinna hoya te) athavA te rAjagRhInI (nAgadAsaka ne nantivardhana eka ja vyakti hoya te) magadha sAmrAjyanI peTAzAkhAnA rAjAo hovA joIe, ke je saMbaMdhI kathana huM mULa lekhamAM karI gayo chuM. guMcavADone matabheda ubhuM karanArI pATalIputranA siMhAsane manAyalI avyavasthita ane anizcita, zazanAgonI vaMzAvalInuM keTaka. ("bhArata ke prAcIna 2aa javaMza"nA AdhAre, AmAM vipurANa ne bhAgavatamAM ApelI vaMzAvalIo rAja vaMkAla vagaranI hovAthI choDI dIdhI che.) | kSatrauna L 35 matapurANa rAjaya vAyupurANu rAjya brahmAMDapurA rAjaya mahAvaMza rAja, apakAvaDAna hemacaMdranuM (36 varSa varSa | (36ravarSa) varSa | (62 varSa varSa | pariziSTa zizunAka 40 | zizunAga 40 kAva kAkavaNuM kSemadharmA 31 | kSemavarmA 20 | kSemadharmA 20 kSemajita 24 | kSatraujA 40 vidhyasena biaisAra vidhisAra 28 nikhikAra para biaisAra zreNika ajAtazatru ajAtazatru ajAtazatru 35 | ajAtazatru 32 | ajAtazatru pUNika darzaka udAyI udAsI 23) udayI 16 | upAya nanivadhana 4 |nani dhana 42 | nanivadhanA 42 anarUddha (muM) 8| muNa mahAnanI 43 mahAnajI 43 | makAnandI nAgadAsaka zazunAma kAlAsoka 20 kAkavaNuM navana sahAlI talakucI mahAmaNDala prasenajita udAsI 43 nA | ma.ni. 60 varSe udAyI pachI nandavaMza cAlyo. teNe 95 varSa rAjya karyuM. te nanda | navananda

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 73 "bhAratake prAcIna rAjavaMzamAM matsya purANanA AdhAre nanAM 100 varSa lakhI, ananda saMvatamAM caMde nAnAM 91 varSa gaNyAM nathI e AdhAre mI smIthe nandonAM 91 varSa lakhyAM che tenI neMdha lIdhI che ane mahAvaMzanA aMgrejI anuvAda pR 11, 16ne anusarI navananda ( gajA)nAM 22 varSa hevAnuM TIppaNa karyuM che. A lekhanA saMzodhana mujaba ajAtazatrunA rAjyAbhiSekathI navanada-rAjyAM sudhInA caMpA tathA pATalIputranA samrATenI ane rAjagRhInA rAjAonI vaMzAvalI tathA temano rAjattvakAla A pramANe checaMpA ane pATalIputranA rAjayavarSa. rAjagRhInA mAMDalika rAjayavarSa. magadhasamrATe. rAjAo. (156 varSa) (170 varSa) ajAtazatru (keNika) kavAyana bhUmimitra vaMzaka (darzaka) udAyI (udayabhaTTa) anurUddha-muDa nanda pahela (nApitaputra) najivana(nAgAsaka) 2442 sujunAga nanda bIjAthI AThama (nandanA kAlAsAkAkAva, mahAnadI) 28 sAta putro). nanda navamo (mahApama, kAlAkanA dazaputro - rara mahAnanda, dhananana). (sahAli Adi) nanda navamAne pratinidhi ke putra 8 caMdragupta nanda navamo caMdraguptane pratinidhi - A lekhanA saMzodhana mujaba ajAtazatrunI pUrvenA giritra ane rAjagRhInA zazunAga - (204 varSa) rAjyavarSa (20 varSa) rAjayavarSa zizunAga 40 majit 24 kAkavarNa prasenajita (kSatrIjA) 16 kSemadharmo zreNika (bismisAra) para zizunAgathI zreNika sudhInAM 204 ane ajAtazatruthI navamA nanda sudhInAM 156, ema 204+156=360 varSa (masya purANamAM zizunAganAM 360 varSa lakhyAM che te A rIte AvI zake.) 36 10

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74 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. mairyavaMza (prathama vibhAga.) 16 1 varSa, mani. 155-316. (vi. saM. pU. ra55-94, I. sa. pU. 312-151) ma. ni. 155 varSe magadha sAmrAjya nandavaMzanA hAthamAMthI mauvaMzanA hAthamAM jatuM rahyuM e pUrve sAbIta thaI cUkayuM che e parathI e paNa siddha thAya che ke, atyAra sudhI avanti para nandanuM Adhipatya hatuM te have maunuM thayuM. kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM A mauno avanittamAM Adhipatya kAla "adA thA' e pArathI 108 varSa neLe che kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo saMkSipta sUtrAtmaka hovAthI tyAM maurya rAjAonAM nAma ane temane pratyekane rAjattvakAla seMdhAyela maLatuM nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu anya jainasAhityamAM ya jyAM caMdragupta, bindusAra, azoka, kuNAla ane saMprati e maurya rAjAo vize keTalIka hakIkata nedhAI che, tyAM paNa e rAjAonA rAjattvakAlanI neMdha maLatI nathI, sivAya ke himavaMta devalIe tenI ekasAI bharI neMdha lIdhI che. AthI himavata therAvalI sivAya anya janasAhityathI kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM lakhelAM maunAM 108 varSano meLa meLavavAne prayatna sIdhI rIte thaI zake tema nathI, paraMtu e 108 varSa eAchAM che eTaluM te te parathI paNa samajI zakAya che. himavaMta therAvalI te spaSTa rIte e kAlane ocho sUcavatI tene asaMgata banAvI de che. purANe ane bauddhagraMthanA ulekha parathI paNa e kAla e cho ja sAbIta thAya che. atyAre huM A lakhI rahyo chuM tyAre mArA eka sAthI taraphathI mane ekavAra pharIthI paNa sUcana thaI rahyuM che ke, jena kAlagaNanAnI bIjI "sa gAthAmAM "gvanA ne "ara ' tathA trIjI vanittava' gAthAmAM "ke di' e pATha azuddha che. tyAM mULa zuddha pATho "gradhe tu hoi baMdALa,' "dira muviri" ane vanitta-mAmA adR 2 vaNini ke mA-mANumittAna ca varasA'i evA hovA joIe ane e zuddha pAThe AvI rIte hetAM-nandAnAM pAMca ochAM se eTale 5 varSa ane maunAM 160 varSa (caMdraguptathI saMpatinA rAjyanA aMta sudhI 138 ane balamitra-bhAnumitranAM puSyamitronI pahelAMnAM 22, ema bane maLI ekaMdara 138 + 2 = 160) gaNatAM na ane mauryonI sAlavArI tathA samasacaya kAla janasAhityanI sAthe tathA amaka aMze parANe ane bauddha, graMthanI sAthe saMgata thaze ane vaLI maunAM 108 varSa ocho paDatAM hovAthI je asaMgatatA AvI paDe che te paNa maTI jaze. uparokta sUcana mArI samajamAM vyartha che. huM pUrve kahI gayo chuM ke, sAhityamAM evI rIte azuddhi ka5vAmAM tenAM sAdhaka lekhita ke paraMparAgata pramANa joIe. abhiprAyathI bhinnArthaka zakhamAM pAThanA pheraphAranI kalpanA manasvI rIte ja karI levI e ghaNuM ja aniSTa che. cAlu jana saMpradAyanA hAthamAM e pATho "TLavadana' vigere rUpamAM ja AvelA heI, teNe mahAvIranirvANathI vikramarAjyAraMbha sudhInAM 470 varSane meLa meLavyo che. tiththagAlImAM paNa e pATha evA ja rUpamAM maLI Ave che. keIpaNa jagAe pAThAntara tarIke

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 75 paNa pAThada maLatuM nathI te pachI sarvatra eka sarakhA maLatA pAThene azuddha mAnI anya zuddha pATha zA AdhAre kalpI zakAya? bAkI, mULa pAThano artha karavAmAM sAMpradAyika abhiprAyajanya matabheda paDI jAya ema te banI zake, ke jema meM "ggvanara'mAM 155 varSa nahi paNa 155 varSa sudhI, e arthA karI darzAvyuM che. ane mane lAge che ke, krAlagaNanAnA "akura'mAM paNa e keI abhiprAyajanya Arthika matabheda hovo joIe. e "kuthe' ne sIdhe artha 108 thAya che, paraMtu tene abhiprAyAthe 108 varSa para nahi, paNa 160 varSa para che evI sAbItI, purANe ane bauddhagraMthI amukAze samarthana karAtI evI jainasAhityanI ane temAM ya khAsa himavaMta thazavalInI amuka hakIkta parathI maLI zake tema che. yugapradhAnapaTTAvalIne kathana pramANe -"ma. ni. 170 thI 215 sudhI sthUlabhadra, 215 thI 245 sudhI AryamahAgiri ane 245 thI 291 sudhI Aryasuhasti e AcAryo anukrame yugapradhAnapade hatA.93 ane AcArya suhasti svargastha thayA tyAre azokane pautra maurya samrATe saMprati vidyamAna hato ema keTalAkanuM kathana che. A parathI nakakI thAya che ke, ma. ni. 15 varSe caMdragusathI zarU thayeluM maurya sAmrAjya ma. ni. 291 sudhI eTale 136 varSa cAlI tethI paNa AgaLa laMbAyuM hatuM. AnI sAthe lagabhaga maLatuM AvatuM himavaMtathezavalInuM kathana che ke ma, ni. 154 thI 184 sudhI caMdragupta, 184 thI 209 sudhI bindusAra, 209 thI 244 sudhI azoka ane 244 thI 23 sudhI saMprati e magadhanA mahArAjAo hatA. e gherAvalI ema paNa kahe che ke, caMdraguptAhi traNa rAjAenI rAjadhAnI pATalIputramAM hatI, paNa cothA samrATa saMpratie be varSa pATalIputramAM rahyA bAda ma. ni. 246 varSe rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa pATalIputranA badale avaMti (ujayinI) banAvyuM hatuM. keNike rAjagRhIthI caMpAmAM rAjadhAnI pheravI hatI, tyAre rAjagRhImAM jema mAMDalika peTAzAkhA zarU thaI hatI tema, saMpratinA rAjatvakAle ujajayinImAM rAjadhAnI pheravAtAM pATalIputramAM paNa mauyapeTAzAkhA zarU thaI hatI. therAvalImAM A zAkhAnA be rAjAonAM nAma puNyaratha ane vRddharatha ApavAmAM Ave che ane tyAM temano rAjavaMkAla anukrame 34 varSa (ma. ni. 246-280) ane 24 varSa (a. ni280-304) lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. () vaLavAre surata pannAgiri tela, anaNathIja rajisa jAjA. bhadrabAhunA yugapradhAnamaMta sudhI mAM mahAvIrathI 100 varSa vityAM hatAM ema huMTI 89 mAM jaNAvI gayo chuM. bhadrabAhuM pachI sthUlabhadrano yugapradhAnakAla 45 varSa', ema215 varSa thayAM, A pachI ma. ni, 215thI245 sudhI navamA puruyuga zrI Arya mahAiira 30 varSa ane ma. ni. 245thI281 sudhI dazamA puruSa yuga zrI mAya suhasti 46 varSa yugapradhAna tarIke hatA. -yugapradhAnapadAvalI (94) zrI Arya suhastine viraha tene (saMpratine) asahya nivaDa.-DaoN. tri la. zAhamRta jaina samrATa saMprati: pR. 414. 45, 215 o 6

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76 avatinuM Adhipatya. ahiM ujjayinImAM lAMbA kALa sudhI sAmrAjyanuM zAsana karyo pachI ma. ni. 293mAM saMprati svargastha thayA. tenA mRtyu bAda eka varSa arAjakatA vyApI ane aMte ujjayinInA siMhAsane azAkanA putra tiguptanA putro khalamitra-bhAnumitra AvyA. emaNe ma. ni. 294 thI 354 sudhI 60 varSa rAjya karyuM. A AjAeAnA samayamAM zuMgavazI senAnI puSyamitre peAtAnA rAjA vRddharathanI hatyA karI peAte pATalIputranA svAmI banI beThA. 5 pATalIputranI e vRddha thavALI peTAzAkhA ane tenA aMta viSe therAvalI sivAya anya jaina sAhitya kAMi paNa khelatu nathI, paraMtu kAlagaNanAnI gAthAe mauya rAjAonA mAdhipatya pachI avanti para puSya mitranuM Adhipatya jaNAvI6 himavata therAvalInA kathanane amuDhAMze samarthana karI rahI che. 114 ... maga 184 (5) " igasayAhiyaca vanavAsesu viikkaMte su... - moriyaputto caMdagutto hAddivo jAo... vIrAo NaM imasavAhiyacaurAsIvAsesu viSakaMtesu caMdagutto Nivo paraloaM pato " ( 154-184 = 40 varSa) 25 "tassa punto biMdusAro pADaliputtammi rajje Dio" "paNavIsavAsA nAva rajjaM pAuNittA are vAduivAsesu viikkaMtesu ghammArAhaNaparo saggaM pato" (184-208 = 2511 ) 207 207 "vIrAo NavAhiya dusayavAsesu viikkaMtesu tarasa putto asoo pADaliputtammi rajje Thio pacchA kuNAlaputtaM saMpaiNAmadhijjaM rajje ThAhatA asomaNivo vIrAo battAlIsA 244. hiyo sayavAsesu viikkaMtesu paraloa patto " ( 208 - 244 = 35 varSa ) " saMpaiNivo vi pAliputtammi NiyANegasacubhayaM muNittA taM rAyahANi taccA puvi niyapi ubhuttiladdhAvaMtI - Nayarammi Thio suhaM suheNaM rajjaM kuNai / "...- aha vIrAo dolayateAUivAsesu vikkaMtesu jiNadhammArAhaNaparI saMpaiNivo saggaM patto (244-283=45 barSa ) 283 246 280 pADaliputtammi ya Nayare asoaNivaputta puNNarahovi vIrAo heyAlI sAhiya-dosayavAsesu viikkaMtesu sugayadhammArAhago rajjammi Thio / seviya NaM vIrAbho dosayaasavAse vikkatesu niyaputtaM buDDharahaM rajje ThAvaintA paraloaM pattoM' (241-280 = | 4 Sa ) " taM vi sugayadhammANugaM vuDDharahaM NivaM mAritA tasla seNAhivadda - pupphamitto vIrAo NaM tisayAhiyacaDavAsesu viikkaMtesu pADaliputtarajje Thio" (280-304=24 varSa ) dvibhavatayerAvalI. 5. 4,5. (mudrita ) 204 294 ahAvaMtINaragmi saMpaiNivasla Niputtastra laggagamaNata rama sogaNivaputta tissagutassa balamitta bhANumittaNAmadhijje duve putte vIrAo dosayacaUNavazvAsesu vikkatesu rajjaM pate / teNaM vuni vi bhAyA jiNadhammArAhage vIrAo caUvannAhiyatisayavAsesu vizvakatesu laggaM patte " ( 274-354=10 varSa ) dvibhava MtathezavasI. 5. 7 ( mudrita) 314 (e) " aTThalayaM muriyANaM, tIsa puNa pusamitANaM (sla) / " (f 61 nainAsamanA mA. 2. ttasarva

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oo avaMtinuM Adhipatya. puSyamitre pATalIputra lIdhuM paNa magadhane kabaje karatAM ane avani para Adhipatya jamAvatAM keTalAMka varSo lAgyAM che. kaliganA jaina mahArathI khAravele pitAnA rAjyanA AThamA ane bAramA varSe ema be vAra magadha para AkramaNa karyuM hatuM ane puSyamitre nImelA pATalIputranA rAjA bRhaspatimitra, ke je teno sauthI moTo putra havA saMbhava che, tene pitAnA pagamAM namAvyuM hatuM, ema tene hAthIguphAvALe zilAlekha kahI rahyo che, 97 te parathI sAbIta thAya che ke, ma. ni. 304 pachI paNa keTalAMka varSo sudhI puSyamitrane avanita para Adhipatya jamAvavA taka nahi maLI hoya. khAravelane rAjyAbhiSeka ma. ni. 300 varSe thaye hata8 ema thAvalI kahe che te pramANe, khAravelanI rAjagRhI (7) "are 4 vare madatA senA......jorAri vAtApitA nA kagaiyti [1] etinaM ca kaMmApadAna-sanAdena savita-sena-vAhano vipamuMcitu madhuraM apayAto pavanAra rimita....' khAravela prazasti, paM. , 8, zrI ke. pI. jayasvAlanuM vacana. Ano tAtparyArtha e che ke, khAle potAnA rAjyanA AThamA varSamAM geragiri (barAbara parvata) nA kilAne teDI nAkhI rAjagRhIne ghera vAlI (te) tene pI karI rahyo hato. tenI zauryakathA sAMbhaLIne yavana rAjA Dimita senA-sAmagro saMkelI mathurA choDIne pAcho jato rahyo. [aTThame ca vase moriya rAjAnaM dhamagutaM ghAtApeti puzamito ghAtApayitA rAjagaha upapIDApayati etinA ca kaMmapadAna-panAdena saMvItasenavAhini vipamuMcitA madhuraM apAyAto eka vAravimita....... | zrIyuva. paM. kalyANavijayajInuM vAMcana. A vAMcanano artha teozrI evI rIte kare che ke - jamika zArve varSamAM gaurASA migatako maravAkara puSyamitra rAjagRha meM AtaMka macA rahA hai yaha bAta sunakara senAne ghirI huI mathurAko choDakara (khAravela) bRhaspatimitrako (zikSA deneke liye rAjagRhapara 4 gAvA.)] vArata 2 vare....da... s. savadi virANAti patApatha-rAjAno........... magadhAna ca vipulaM bhayaM janeto hathI sugaMgIya [*] pAyayati [1] mAgadhaM ca rAjAnaM vaha ratibita ghare vaMthAvata [1] rAjanarta ra sTA-nirja nirAM....hanatanA gf fha aMjamAi-va ra joti [I]" khAravela prazasti paM- 12, 13. zrI ke. pI. jayasvAlanuM vAMcana. Ano tAparyA AvI rIte che:--bAramA varSamAM khAravele uttarApathanA rAjAomAM trAsa pikarAvyo. magadhanA lekone bhayabhIta karI detAM teNe pitAnA hAthIone sugAMgeya (caMdraguptane mahela A nAmane hatuM ema kahevAmAM Ave che, paNa mane lAge che ke, e zrI RSabhadevanI kaliMgavALI jina pratimA rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI te jinaprAsAda hato.) pAse khaDA karI dIdhA. teNe magadhanA rAjA bRhaspatimitra (pATalIputrane rAjakta puSyamitrane putrIne pitAnA pagamAM namAvyo tathA nandarAja, je kaliMganI jinamarti lai gayo hato ke, temaja gRhara ane pratihAra mAraphate aMga-magadhanuM dhana te lai ga, (ratnajaDita pratihAra sahita jinaparadhara ane pabAzana laI gayo haze)

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78 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. paranI pahelI caDhAI ma. ni. 308 mAM ane bIjI pATalIputra paranI caDhAI ma. ni, 31ramAM Ave che. A parathI ma. ni. 312 sudhI te avantimAM balamitra - bhAnumitranuM ja Adhipatya hatuM. kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo saM5STa rIte 30 varSa puSyamitranuM avanti para Adhipatya lakhe che. cAlu saMpradAya nAnA rAjavakalamAM 60 varSa vadhAre gaNe che ane enA rAjatvakAlamAMthI nAnA vadhArAnA kAlane kApI naMkhAya evI rIte ma. ni. 323 varSe puSyamitronA rAjyAraMbhane lAve che. enI e rItanI 60 varSa vadhAravAnI ne ghaTADavAnI gaNatarI barAbara hoya ke na hoya e judI vAta che, paraMtu tethI eTaluM te jANavA maLe che ke, puSyamitronuM avanti para Adhipatya ma, ni. 312 pachI ja thayuM hatuM ane e paNa nakkI thAya che ke, puSyamitronA avanti para Adhipatya pahelAM tyAM maunuM Adhipatya hatuM. huM pahelAM lakhI gayo chuM ke, maunuM avanti para Adhipatya 136 varSathI vadhAre laMbAyuM hatuM. have huM uparanI hakIkato parathI, jyAre te ma. ni. 312 pachI paNa laMbAyuM che te kahevuM joIe ke, 312-291 = 21 varSa tethI paNa vadhAre eTale 136 + 21 = 157 varSa jeTaluM cAlI tethI paNa thoDAMka varSo AgaLa te laMbAyuM hatuM. Ama jainasAhitya ane khAsa karIne himavaMta therAvalIthI avani para maunuM Adhipatya 157 varSa karatAM paNa vadhAre sAbIta thatAM kAlagaNanAnA "artha'nA sIdhA artha tarIke nakkI thatAM 108 varSa ghaNuM ja ochAM paDe che. janasAhitya ane himavaMta zUrAvalInI jema paurANika ane boddho paNa mauna rAjatvakAlane 108 varSa karatAM vadhAre varSa mAnatA heya ema jaNAya che. paurANika gaNanAe caMdraguptanAM 24 varSa, bindusAranAM 25 varSa ane azakanAM 36 varSa ema traNa rAjAonAM maLI 85 varSa thAya che. 99 gaNe e pachInA rAjAonAM nAma, kAma ane rAtvakAla viSe ekamata nathI. paraMtu purANe parathI mauryakAla samuccaya rIte 137 ke 138 varSa mAnavAmAM jhAjhI harakata AvatI nathI. 100 (88) "tayaNataraM vIrAoNaM tisayavAsesu viikkatesu vuDDharAyaputto bhikkhurAyo kaliMgAhivo sjaao| ......tIyaM Na tassa sAyarataDarAyahANitAe khAravelAhivatti" / himava tatharAvalI pR. 6 (mRdita) et) candraguptaM nRpaM rAjye, koTilyaH sthApayiSyati / caturvizarasamA rAjA, caMdragupto bhaviSyati // bhavitA bhadrasArastu, paMcaviMzatsamAnRpaH triMzattu samA rAjA, bhavitA'zoka ghauM 2 || - matsyapurANe bisArane lakhyo nathI. viSNupurANe maghamAM bisAra lakhe che jayAre vAyu ane thA. bhadrasA ne nandasAra tarIke bindusAra lakhyo che. A sivAya bIjI rIte purANo maurya vaMzanI zarUAtanI vaMzAvalImAM azoka sudhI ekamata che. (100) rAzita pUrvI, te zuM vithati che samuccaya rIte saMkhyA lakhavAmAM sarvapurANe ema mata che. paraMtu masta ane viSNue lakhelA daza ane vAyu-brahmAMDa lakhelA nava mauryomAMnA pratyekane rAjakAla meLavatAM saravALA kAImAM paNa 137 Avato nathI. vAyupurANanI keTalIka prata ane brahmAMDapurANamAM ApelI vaMzAvalI pramANe-

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. himavaMta therAvalInA ulekha pramANe purAmAM noMdhAyelAM e 137 varSa barAbara nathI, ochAM ja che, chatAM tenI apekSAe kAlagaNanAnI gAthAonA sIdhA artha pramANe manAtAM cAlu saMpradAyanAM 108 varSa ghaNAM ja ochAM che | morya rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM purANe prathamanA traNa rAjAonA viSe kAMIka mAhitI dharAve che, paraMtu te pachInA rAjAo viSe temanuM jJAna ghaNuM ja ochuM hovAthI teoe avyavasthA karI nAkhI che. kharekhara bauddhagraMthanI paNa Aja dazA che. bauddhagraMtho caMdraguptanAM 24 varSa, bindusAranAM 28 varSa ane azokanAM 37 varSa ema traNa rAjAonA phALe 89 varSa lakhI pachI teo saMpadI (saMprati)ne lAve che. 10 2 himavaMta zUrAvalI pramANe A saMpratino rAjavakAla 49 varSa che tene javA daI, divyAvadAnanA AdhAre zrIyuta jayasvAlajI kahI rahyA che tema azoka pachInI magadhanI pUrva zAkhAnA dazaratha di pAMca rAjAone rAjakAla paNa e 89 varSamAM bheLavIe te paNa cAlu saMpradAyanI mAnyatA caMdragupta 24. bindusAra (bhadrasAra ke nanasAra ) 25, azeka 6, kuNAla 8, baMdhu sahita 8, indrapalita 10, devavarmA 7, zatakana 8 bRhadratha 7, ema 24+25+36+8+8+10+ha+8+7=133 varSa nava mauna thAya che, AmAM anabhiSikta azokanAM 4 varSa nathI gayAM te umerIe to 137 nI samuccaya saMkhyAne meLa maLI Ave che. (101) A saMbaMdhI vicAraNA AgaLa para balamitra-bhAnumitranA Alekhana samaye karavAmAM Avaze. (02) "rAjaputa yuvA-ug rAjJozogha manoratho ramUva kauTizarsa mAva chANane dAnaM dAsyAmIti tena SaNNavatikoTayo dattA yAvat rAkSA pratiSiddhAH, tadabhiprAyeNa rAjJA pRthivI saMghe dattA yAvadamAnyaizcatasra koTayo bhagavacchAlane datvA pRthivIM niSkrIya saMpadI je pratighAta ." --divyAvadAna 29 "dhImataH sammatenA'tha, rAdhaguptasya mntrinnH| dadau saMghAya nikhilAM, pRthivIM pRthivIpatiH // 10 // gaGgAmbubhArarucirAM caturamburAzi-velAvilAsavasanAM malayAvataMsAm / datvA'khilA vasumatI sa samAsasAda, puNyaM pramANakalanArahitaM hitAya // 11 // prakhyAtaSaNNavatikoTisavarNadAne. yAte divaM narapatAvatha tasya pautrH| zeSeNa mantrivacasA kSitimAjahAra, spaSTaM krayI kanakakoTicatuSTayena // 12 // " -bodhisAvadAnaka95latA 5074 pR0 597 Ane tAtparyArtha e che ke, azoke baddhasaMdhane 100 karo suvarNa dAna devAne manoratha karyo hato temAM 96 karoDa suvANa ApyA hatA ane 4 karoDa suvarNa ApavAnA hatA, paraMtu rAjAe (azokanA yuvarAja maitra saM5dIe matrie nI salAhathI ) teno niSedha karatAM kAnae ( azo) akhila pRthvI dAna tarIke bauddhasaMdhine ApI. A pachI azokanuM mRtyu thatAM mastrionA kahevAthI azokanA pautra saMpadIe 4 kare svaNuM ApI bauddhasaMgha pAsethI pRthvI kharIdI lIdhI ane mannioe saMpadIne rAjya para sthApana karyo.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. pramANe gaNAtAM 108 varSa karatAM vadhAre thaI jAya tema che. e hisAbe mauvaMkAla 119 thI 133 thAya che.13 AnI apekSAe 108 varSa ochAM ja che. uparokta jena, pirAphika ane bauddhonI maurya kAla saMbaMdhI gaNanA matabhedayukta che, paraMtu te sarva parathI eTaluM te samajAya che ke, jainakAlagaNanAnA "duratha no artha cAlu saMpradAya jema ma. ni. 215 thI 3ra3 sudhI 108 varSa mAne che te keInI apekSAe vadhAre che te koInI apekSAe thoDo ocho te che jacAlu paraMparAne pitAne e svIkAzayalo mata kyI rIte saMgata manAya che e samajavuM ApaNA mATe muzkela hovAthI enA saMbaMdhamAM kAMI paNa na belatAM te eka ati pratiSThita saMpradAya che ema kahIne ja aTakavuM paDe che, paraMtu emAM AvatI asaMgatatAnI muzkelIo te ahiM noMdhavI ja joie. cAlu paraMparA che. ni 155 thI 215 sudhInAM 60 varSa nAnA rAjavakAlamAM gaNe che ane caMdraguptanA-monA rAjyAraMbhane ma. ni. 155 varSe nahi paraMtu ma. ni. 215 varSe mAne che. Ama mauryakAlanI zarUAta ma ni 215 varSe gaNatAM tyArathI azokane rAjyAMta himavaMta therAvalI pramANe 90 varSa, purANa pramANe 85 varSe tamArA ane bIjA keTalAkanA mate azokane rAjavakAla 36nA badale 40 gaNIe te 80) ane bauddhagraMtho pramANe 89 varSe; eTale anukrame ma. ni. 305, 300 (athavA 304) ane 304 varSe Ave. azekanA jayAMtane AvI rIte Avate samaya jainasAhityanI sAthe bilakula meLa khAto nathI, te nIcenI hakIkatathI samajAze jainasAhitya ApaNane kahe che ke -"ma. ni 245 va AryamahAgirie Arya suhastine yugaprapAna tarIke jainazAsananA agrapade sthApI te jinaka95nI tulanA karavA mAMDI.4 teo sagavaDanI khAtara bhinna vastImAM ya utaratA paNa bahudhA sAthe ja vicAratA hatA. eka vakhate teo vicaratA ujajayinI mAM (matAntare vidizAmAM) AvyA hatA tyAre rathayAtrAmAM pharatA Aryasuharitane joI azokanA aMdhaputra kuNAlanA putra saMpratine uhApoha thatAM itismaraNa jJAna thayuM. jAtimaraNa nAmanA e jJAnathI saMpratine smaraNa (103) 8+30=118, 99244=133. dazaratha 8, zAlika 13 ke 1, devadharmI , zatadhavA 8, bRhadratha 8 ke 6, vadhAremAM vadhAre 8+1+7+8+4=44, ochAmAM ochA 8+1+7+8+6=30. , (14) "ghUmara po sItA-sAmAna aNuthI , te mArI duhthiss uvajjhAyA, mahAgirI ajjasuhatthirasa gaNaM dAtUNa vocchiNNo jiNakappo tahavi appaDibaddhA hotutti gacchapaDibaddhA jiNakappaparikama kareMti" AvazyakacUrNi ( uttarabhAga ) 5. 155 bucchinne jiNakappe, kAhI jiNakappatulaNamiha dhiiro| taM vaMde muNivasahaM, mahAgiriM paramacaraNadharaM // hima sthavirAvalI. pR. 2 (mukita )

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 81 thayuM ke, "mArA pUrvabhavanI raMka sthitimAM A mahApurUSe mane avyakta cAritra ApI AhAra karAve, tyAre atibhejananA pariNAme huM zubhabhAvanA pUrvaka mRtyu pAmya ane ahiM rAjakulamAM janma pAmI rAjapade Avyo chuM." A pachI e gavAkSathI utarI AcAryanA pagamAM paDaze. eNe potAnI oLakha hovA viSe AcAryane prazna karyo. AcArye ene zrutajJAnathI oLakhe ane oLakhanI khAtrI karAvI upadezapUrvaka tene cagya dharma Ape. (saMpratie rAjamArgamAM nahi, paNa Arya suhastinI vasatimAM jaI temanI sAthe saMparka sAthe hate evuM paNa matAntara che.) A pachI orika mRtyu-ati AhArajanya phAra vyAdhithI thayela pUrvabhava saMbaMdhI mRtyu smaraNa karatA e rAjAe satra-bhojanazALAe sthApI ane e zALAomAMthI tathA bIjA paNa sAdhanothI munione mATe paNa AhAradinI sulabhatA thAya tevI vyavasthA karI dIdhI Arya suhastinA sAdhuo A kAyalI vyavasthAne AhArane mATe upayoga karavA lAgyA tethI AryamahAgirijIe Arya suhastinI sAthe asAMgikatA-AhAzadine avyavahAra karyo. 105 Arya suhastie pitAnA sAdhuonI (1.5) itoya ajjasuhatthI ujjeNi jiyasAmi vaMdao Agao rahANujjANe ya hiMDato rAulaMgaNapadese ranA AloyaNagatena diTTho tAhe ranno IhapohaM kareMtassa jAtaM jAisaraNaM tahA teNa maNulA bhaNitA-paDicaraha mAyarie kahiM Thitatti, tehiM paDicariu kahitaM siriSare tthitaa| tAhe tattha gaMtuM dhammo NeNa sumo,' pucchitaM dhammassa kiM phalaM ? bhaNitaM avyaktasya tu sAmAiyassa rAjAti phalaM, so saMmaMto hoti saccaM bhaNasi-ahaM bhe kahiMci diThellao mAyariehi uvaujnitaM dihellaotti, tAhe so sAvao jAo paMcaNuvvayadhArI tsjiivpddikAno mAvo tamAraMvAra . " (1) kapazUrNi ujajayinImAM saMpratinA pratibaMdhanI hakIkata lakhe che ane saMpratine tyAM dharmazravaNAdi rAjamArgamAM nahi, paNu Arya suhastinI vasati-zrI gharamAM thayAM hatAM ema jaNAve che, jyAre nizIthagRSi saMpratine pratibodha vidizAmAM ane AcArya sAthe vArtAlApa rAjamArgamAM thayo hato ema lakhe che. juo nizIthacUNine pATha - "aNNayA AyariyA vatIdisaM jiyapaDimaM vaMdiyA gtaa| tastha rahANujAte raNo gharaM rahovari aMcati / saMpatiraNNA oloyaNagaeNa ajjasuhatthI diTTho / jAtIsaraNaM jAtaM / Agaccho pArasu paDio paccuDio viNoNao bhaNati-bhagavaM ahaM te kahiM diho? sumrh| AyariyA uvauttA Ama diho. tuma mama sIso aasii| pubabhavo kahito / AuTho dhamma paDivaNNo / atIva paropparaM ho jaato| nizIthacUrNabhAcAryazrI hemacandra Arya suhasti ane saMpratine prathama samAgama ane vArtAlApa ujajayinInA jamArgamAM ja thayAnuM lakhe che. jemake - "jIvantasvAmipratimArathayAtrAM, nirIkSituM / mAyAtAyanyadAyantyAM, mahAgirisuhastinau // " "sa prAgjammaguruM jJAtvA, jAtismRtyA suhastinam / tadaiva vnditumgaadvismRtaanypryojn.||' pariziSTa parva, saga. 11 , 24 ane ,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. nizIthacUlinI jema AvazyakaNi paNa AyamahAgirijItI anizrita padhAnatAnuM varNana karyA bAda AryamahAgiri ane Aryasahastine pATalIytrathI vidizAmAM laI jAya che. paraMtu te nizIthacUrNie jaNAvelAM, "rathayAtrA prazaMge saMpratine jAtismaraNa thaya' vigere AryamahAgiri ane AryasuhastinI abhigikatAnAM kAraNene darzAvatI hakIkata paDatI muke che. kemake tenuM lakSya anizrito padhAnatA ja che. te vidizAthI A mahAgirine gajagrapade laI jaI anazana karAve che ane suhastine ujayinI mele che, jemAM bhadrA zeThANInI yAnazalA-vasatimAM rahetA avantikamAlane pratibodhAdi prasaMga bane che. nizIthacUrNi pramANe vidizAmAM saMgratine pratibodha thayuM te pachI kalpanA kathanAnusAra ujayinI mAM rAjapiMDAdi grahaNanA kAraNe e bane AcAryo vacce abhigikatA ane nizItha cUrNinA kathanAnusAra Aryasurisae "micchAmi duza karyA bAda pharIthI abhiogikatA thaI chatAM zrI hemacandramarika kahe che tema, paDatA kAlanA doSane laI Arya mahAgiri chane asAMgikatA rAkhavAnuM ja ThIka lAgatAM banne AcAryo AhArAdi vyavahAramAM 2 ja thaI gayA, ane A pachI A mahAgiri gajAgrapade anazana mATe padhAryA. Arya suhasti paNa ujajayinIthI A vakhate vihAra karI gayA, A pachI pharI ujayinI mAM AvyA tyAre atisukamAlane prasaMga banyo. vastusthiti AvI rIte hovAthI Avazyaka cUrNine sahAre lai, kalpacUrNinA upara ApelA pAThamAM jaNAvele rAjA saMprati nahi, paNa bindusAra che ane asabhagikatAne prasaMga binasAranA rAjya samaye banyA hatA, evI kalpanA karavI ene koI artha nathI. anizrita padhAnatAnA aMge, " Arya suhastithI pratibaddha zrAvaka vasubhUtie AryasahastinA paNa pUjya tarIke bhaktivazAta AhAranI azuddhi upajAvI, paraMtu mahA upAmavaMtA mahAgirijIne samajavAmAM AvatAM teo e AhAra lIdhA sivAya pAchA pharyA ane suhastisUrine temanA abhyasthAnAdithI kevI rIte aneSaNa-AhAranI azuddhi thaI te jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM" AvI rIte AvazyakacUrNikAra ne dhyA pachI te banne AcAryo bahithI pATalIputrathI vidizA jAya che ane tyAMthI mahAgirijI gajAgrapade jaI anazana kare che tathA sahatimaricha ujayinI jAya che tyAM avantikumAlane prasaMga bane che, enI nedhi le che. Ane lagato cUNine mUlapATha A pramANe che___ "aNissitovadhANetti- + + + te vi ajjamahAgirI ajasuhatthI viharaMtA pADali. puttaM gatA, tattha seTThI vasubhUtI tesi aMtie dhamma soccA Nisamma sAvao jAto, so aNNadA bhaNati suhatthi bhagavaM ! majjha diNNo saMsAranittharaNovAo, mae ya sayaNassa kahitaM, taM na tathA laggati, tubhavi tAva aNAbhiyogeNa gaMtUNaM kahedhAtti, te gatA, dhammaM katheMti, tattha ya mahAgirI paviThTho, te daLuNa sahasA uhitA, vasubhUtI bhaNati-tubhavi aNNe AyariyA ! tAhe suhatthI tesiM guNasaMthava kareMti, jahA jiNakappo atito tathAvi pate evaMvihaM parikama kareMti, pavaM tesi ciraM kahittA aNuvvatANi ya dAtUNa gatA suhasthI, teNa vasu. bhUtiNA jemittA te bhaNitA-jadi eriso sAdhU ejjA tI se aggato jathA ujjhitagANi evaM karejjAha, evaM diNNe mahaphalaM bhavissati, vitIyadivase mahAgirI bhikkhassa paviTTho, taM apuvakaraNaM ThUNaM citeMti-vvaoja, jAtaM jathA jAto ahaMti tahiyAgahite bhatte niyatto, bhaNaMti ajjo ! aNesaNA katA, keNaM ? tumaM jaM kallaM abbhuhito // dovi jaNA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. AhArAdi viSayaka vRttine anucita mAnI mAphI mAgI, 106 paraMtu Arya suhasti jevA zratadhara AvI pravRttine mULathI ja sarvathA aTakAvI zakatA nathI e joI AryamahAgirijIe ' paDatA samayane vAMka mAnya, ane tyAMthI vihAra karI teo vidizAnI yAtrA karI gajA "tAe dAratti, eNa rannA odariyamRtyu smaratA2 causu vi nagaradAresu mahANasA kArAvitA, tesu so rAyA kajjesu Nito aiMto ya bhuMjA, kei evaM bhaNaMti; vayaM puNa evaM bhaNAmo-tANi satrANi tesu Nito aiMto logo jati / pucchati rAyA diNe diNe sUvagAre pucchati kevaiyaM sesaM bhuttaM logeNaM taM ca sUvagArANaM Abhavati / tAhe rAyA te suvagAre bhaNati-sAdhuNa devagAhA kaMThA Na kebalaM sUcagArA bhaNati pameva tella0 gAhA kaMThA / paNitti mahallAvaNA. vipaNitti dAridAvaNA evaM dANe pucchA ya, mahAgiriNoti mahAgiriNA ajjasuhatthI pucchito-ajjo pavaro AhArovadhI jANejjAsi mA ranno logo pavuttao hojjA, tAhe ajasuhasthiNA agavesittA ceva bhaNitaM-amhaM rAyA sammattaM karoti teNa aNurAyA jaNo loiyadhammamaNuyattamANo deti / saMbhoitti / tAhe ajja mahAgiriNA ajasuhatthI bhaNitAajjo ! tumaM nAma pariso evaM bhaNasi / tatti saMbhogapacchaddhaM kaTaM / 69465yU7i . 1 (106) Ayarita 'micchAmi dukkaDa' 5 5ch| Aya bhavAniza tamanI sAye sAMgikatA rAkhI hatI ema nizIthacUrNi jaNAve che, jemake - ___ "tato ajja suhasthI paJcATTo micchAmi dukkaDaM karoti / 'Na puNo geNhAmo' evaM bhaNie saMbhutto" lizAyayUli, u08 Arya suhastinI suvihitatA tarapha laya rAkhI mahAgirijIe temanI sAthe AhAradivyavahAra ekavAra sAdhyo haze paNa e jha jho vakhata Takayo hoya tema lAgatuM nathI, ema zrI hemacandrasUrijInA kathana parathI samajAya che. juvo - pariziSTaparva sa. 11 oN 120 thI 120 vaidisiM gatA, tattha jitapaDimaM vaMdittA ajjamahAgirI elakacchaM gatA gayaggapadakaM vaMdakA // (mAha mevAnI patti pI .te 14 me 4thana 21 apanI utpatti 'nathA iDDhIe' thA napA masAbhaya 41 cha ) tattha mahAgirIhiM ajjehiM bhattaM paccakkhAtaM, devatte gatA, suhatthIbi ujjeNIpa paDimaM vaMdagA gatA (mAthA sAgaNa mantisubhAsanI-mAsa thaitya bo4imanyu tyA sudhAnI is awii cha.) (2) 'modariyA'NAma jIvitAhetu pavAyA (ni0 cU0 1 u0) odariya-dramakaH dramako nAma daridro bhUtvA yaH pravrajati (bR. 1 u0 taTTIkA) odariyamRtyu 3 ghaTanA bhATe lat yayelAnu bhRtyu mene 'smaratA'-tibhUtiyA smazana, bhAvI rIta mominu sma25 pratina 40 zo . le aa pra ma-sArane yAne hota to 'pazyatA', 'zrutena' ra samAthu hota 55 'smaratA' na samAyuM leta. () keTalAka le nagarathI bahAra jatAM ke AvatAM rAjA mATe A raseDhAnI vyavasthA hatI prema . mene sAvani se -satro tazA .

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. pada tIrthe jaI tyAM anazana karI svarga sIdhAvyA.107 cUrNikAra, hemacaMdrasUri, vigerenI uparokta prakAranI nadhei parathI samajAya che ke, ma. ni. 245 varSe yugapradhAnapade AvelA AsuhastinA ane temanI sAthe vicaratA yugapradhAnapadathI nivRtta thaI jinakalpanI tulanA karatA AryamahAgirinA samayamAM mAryasamrA saMprati sAmrAjyano bhoktA hate. cAlu jaina saMpra. dAya pramANe mauyarAjapAraMbha ma ni. 215 varSe mAnIe te uparokta nedhana keIpaNa rIte meLa maLe ja nahi. sAmAnya rIte Arya mahAgirinA yugapradhAna padano aMta ane svargavAsa eka ja samaye eTale ma. ni. 245 varSe manAya che tema na mAnatAM, maLatAM anya sAdhanethI teo 245 pachI paNa keTalAMka varSo sudhI hayAta hatA ema mAnI temane svargavAsa vadhAre moDAmAM meDo ma. ni. 261 varSa laMbAvIe te te samaya sudhI azoka ja gAdIe AvyuM nathI te pachI 36 varSa ke 40 varSa rAjaya karanAra azoka pachI gAdIe AvanAra saMpratinI rAjA tarIke hayAtInI vAta ja kayAM karavAnI rahI. cAluM jaina saMpradAya pramANe azokane (107) elakAkSa (zApura)nI najIkamAM AvelA gajAgrapadAthe A mahAgiri svargastha thayA ema AvazyakarNikAra ane hemacandrAdi AcAryo kahe che, paraMtu himavaMta therAvalI kaI judA ja sthaLe (kamaragiri para) mahAgirijI svargastha thayA hatA ema vinita karatI lAge che. jema :__. " jiNakappiyaparikamma, jo kAsI jassa sNthvmkaalii| kumaragirimmi suhatthI, te bAgama vai " hima sthavirAvalI, pR. 2 (mudrita). tharAvalInI A gAthAne arthe AvI rIte che-jemaNe jinakalpa saMbaMdhI parIkarma AcaryuM ane suhastio kumAragiri (kaliga dezanuM tIrtha) para jemanI stuti karI te AryamahAgirine vaMdu chuM. zrAmetuMgAcAryanI bahapadAvalImAM jaNAvyuM che ke, Arya mahAgirie kamaragiri para anazana karyuM hatuM ane suhastine svargavAsa ujayina mAM thayo hateA. A parathI anumAna thAya che ke, mavata therAvalIe nAdhalA mAthAmAM je " sastava'ne vAta karavAmAM AvI che, te temanA aM-sama1nI havA jAie. A samayamAM liMganA kumaragiri " zatruMjayAvatAra' tatha' tarIke manAto hoya te pradeza mA nu maha zrI sahakSetra javuM manAtuM hatuM, 08, , zri . dha..tA ane basa bhemikatAnA aMge cUrNikAroe lakhelI hakIkata A pAne sApha kava che ke, A mahAmarijIe yuga dhAnapada tyAga karyuM (ma. ni. 245) te pachI paNa teo kaTaloka samaya jIva ta hatA, paraMtu teo kayAM sudhI jIvaMta hatA eno cokakasa samaya meLavavAnuM sAdhana nathI. phakta zrIvata 5. kalAvija 17 A5Nune AvI rIte jaNAve che - ___ "mara pAsake eka yugapradhAna yantrameM sthUlabhadra ke anantarake yugapradhAnakA paryAyakAla 46 varSakA likhA huvA hai / isase yadi yaha anumAna kara liyA jAya ki ye 46 varSa sthUlabhadra ke pAche unake ziSya mahAgirikI jIvitadazAke sUcaka hai to isakA artha yaha hogA ki Arya mahAgirikA svargavAsa nirvANa saMvat 261 ke antameM huA thaa|" * ka5subAdhakA (ma. vi. racita) vigeremAM udira' (zreSThinA ghara) pATha noMdhAya che. mAM spaSTa matAMtara che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 26 varSe ane rAjyAMta ma. ni. 300 ke 305 varSe Ave che. 109 ane te pachI tene pautra saMpatinA rAjyanI zarUAta thAya che. ma. ni. 261 varSe svargastha thanAra AryamahAgirinuM ja nahi, paraMtu ma. ni. 291 varSe vargastha thanAra Arya suhastinuM paNa A samaye astitva nathI, AvI sthitimAM saMprati rAjAne Arya suhastinA darzanathI jAtimaraNa, temanA upadezathI dharmaprApti, audarika mRtyunA smaNathI jAgelI dAnapravRtti ane e dAnapravRttithI pAyalo satrazALAo vigeremAMthI levAyelA AhArAdinA kAraNe AryamahAgirijInI AyaMsuhasti sAthe asagitA, A badhI ja sAhityanI bahu vizvasanIya-prAcIna ane tenA AdhAre lakhAyelI pAchalA madhya jamAnAnI arvAcIna ne asaMgata thaI paDe che. A suhastinA upadezathI saMkhyAbaMdha-navAM ce baMdhAvanAra, pratimAo bharAvanAra, jIrNoddhAra karAvanAra ane anArya bhUmimAM nakalI sAdhuone ekalI te bhUmine suvihita sAdhuone vihAra karavA yogya banAvanAra mahArAjA saMprati Arya suhastinA samAgamamAM vizeSa kAla paryanta rahele have joIe, e niHzaMka lAgatI hakIkata Arya suhastinA svargavAsa pachI 9 thI 14 varSa sudhInA samaya ba da saMpratinuM rAjayArohaNa manAtAM asatya thaI paDe che. A sarva ApattiothI AvI paDatI muzkelIne TALavA saMpratino rAjyAraMbha, moDAmAM moDA ma. ni. 261 varSe manAtA AryamahAgirinA svargavAsathI keTalAMka varSo pahelAM mAnavAnI ApaNane pharaja paDe che, ane temAM ApaNane "maurya sAmrAjya ma. ni. 155 varSe zarU thayuM' evI mAnyatAvALA eka prAcIna saMpradAyano Teke che, ke je saMpradAyane himavaMtazerAvAlIkAra, bhadrezvarasUri, hemacaMdrasUri vigere anusaryA che. ma. ni. 155 varSe mauyarAjyanI zarUAta mAnatAM himavaMtabherAvalI Adi game tenI gaNanAe saMpratine rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 240thI 245 vacce Ave.1deg himavaMtartharAvalI saMpratine rAjavakAla ma. ni. 244-293 ema 49 varSa lakhe che. bIjI tarapha janasAhitya Arya suhastisUrinA yugapradhAnattvanI zarUAta ma. ni. 24pa varSe mAnI tene aMta tethI 46 varSe eTale ma. ni. 291 varSe mAne che. AryamahAgiri paNa jinakapanI tulanA karatA keTalAka samaya Arya suhasti sAthe rahyA hatA, ane e samaya 16 varSa jeTalo eTale ma. ni. 261 sudhI hato. AvI sthitimAM Arya suhasti ane AryamahAgirinA samayamAM saMprativiSayaka je ghaTanAo jenasAhityamAM nedhAI che, ane ma. ni. 215 varSe maurya rAjyAraMbha mAnatAM je asaMgata (19) nandarAAMta ma. ni. 215 varSe te pachI candragupta 24 bindusAra 25, (bauddha 28, ema 215+24+25 (28)=264 (267) varSe azokane rAjyAraMbha. zeThanuM rAjaya 36 varSa (vadhAremAM vadhAre 41), ema 264+36 (11)=300 (35) varSe azokane rAjyati Ave. (110) upara jaNAvyA mujaba saMpratine rAjyAraMbha je ma. ni. 300 thI 305 varSa vacce Avato hato. te cAlu saMpradAya mAM 60 varSa vadhAre gaNAyAM che. te bAda karatAM 300 thI 305-0=240 thI 245 Ave.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. thatI hatI, te sarva saMgata thaI jAya che. pariNAme baLavAna tu po vALa' emAMnA Lavattara ne artha 155 sudhI ema karyA sivAya chUTake ja nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu jenakAlagaNanAnI gAthAmAM "zarathe kuNA' e caraNamAMnA "a " ne sIdho artha 108 thAya che. tevo na karatAM te zabdane saMkSipta sUtrAtmaka tarIke abhiprAya bhede bhinnA thaMka mAnavAnI pharaja paDe che. ema na mAnatAM sIdhA artha thI ja kAma laIe te, ma. ni. 155 varSe mauyarAjyanI zarUAta thaI e hisAbe 155mAM mauryakAlanAM cAlu saMpradAya pramANe manAtAM 108 varSa meLavatAM ma. ni. 263 varSe maurya rAjayAMta Ave. pariNAme AsuhastinA samAgama pachI ghaNAM varSomAM ghaDanArAM saMpatinAM je baheLAM dharmakAryo che tene meLa maLI zake nahi. saMpratinA rAjyata pachI mauryarAjya vibhakta thaI gayuM ane te pachI keTalAMka varSo vItyA bAda tene aMta AvyuM hatuM e mAnyatAnA hisAbe keTalAke taraphathI apAtI, saMmatine rAjavaMkAla ma. ni. 244 varSe zarU thayo te ghaNuM ja ocho cAlyuM hatuM athavA eka sAmrAjya tarIke tenuM rAjya hatuM ja nahi evI Apatti paNa mauryakAla 108 varSa mAnavAthI AvI paDe che. AryasuhastinA ziSya guNasuMdara, ke jeoe ma. ni. 259 varSa dIkSA lIdhI hatI, temanA ziSya kAlakAcAryanI vidyamAnatAmAM saMprati rAjA e bharUcanA zakunikA vihArane jIrNoddhAra karAvyo hato. A kAlakAcA pitAnA vidyAbalathI tyAM upadrava karatA mithyAdaSTi vyaMtarane pacIza pejana dUra karyA hatA. 12 mauryajyAMta ma. ni. 23 varSe mAnIe te mauyarAjyAnathI pUrve thaI gayelA mauryasamrATuM saMgratinA hAthe thayelA jIrNoddhAramAM ma. ni. 259 varSe dIkSita gusuMdarasUrinA vidyAbalI ziSya kAlakAcAryanI vidyamAnatA bhAgye ja ghaTI zake. gherAvalI ane paTTAvalIyo kahe che tema, ma. ni. 293 varSe saMpratine svargavAsa mAnIe to ja e jIrNoddhAranA prasaMge tevI vidyAsiddha sthitimAM kAlakAcAryanuM astitva hoya. saMbhava che ke, e jIrNoddhAra Arya suharitanA ma. ni. 291 varSe vargastha thayA pachI tarata ja thayele hA joIe. ema chatAM temanI (111) yugapradhAna padAvalImAM emane gRhastha paryAya 24 varSa, dIkSA paryAya 42 varSa, yugapradhAnapa05ryAya 44 varSa che. teo 100 varSanuM AyuSya bhogavI ma ni. 335 varSa svarga ratha thayA hatA e hiSAbe temano janma 275 mAM Ave temAM gRhastha paryAyanAM 24 varSa umeratAM 235 + 24=259 varSe dIkSA samaya Ave. (11) rAzinA ja puna-kalA cAra siritanA mithyASTivyantara-vRndastatropasasRje ca / / 75 // zrIgaNasundarazidhyai-nivAritAste cakAlikAcAryaH / pazcAdhikaviMzatiyo-janAntarA svaprabhAvena // 76 // prabhAvAcarita vijayasiMhariracita che. 43 mi. je. ema. ti) A kAlAcArya dazapUrvadhara zrI svAmAyathI bhinna che, ema huM AgaLa para sAbIta karavAne chuM.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. hayAtImAM paNa thayo hoya te nA nahi. vRddhAvasthAne laI zrI suhasti temAM hAjara na paNa rahyA hoya. game tema paNa ma. ni. 155thI ma. ni. 263 sudhIne 108 varSano mauryakAla baMdha besatuM nathI. jenasAhityamAM mauryavaMza ane tenA rAjAonA rAjatvAkAla viSe kAMIpaNa ullekha thayelo jaNAtuM nathI paraMtu jenakAlagaNanAnI gAthAo maunAM 108, puSyamitrenAM 30, balamitrabhAnumitranAM 60, ema je lakhI rahI che tenA saMbaMdhamAM jainasAhityane eka graMtha himavaMtathezavalI ApaNane koI ukela karI Ape che ke kema? te have tapAsIe. himavaMtabherAvalI caMdraguptane putra bindusAra, bindusArane putra azaka, azakane pautra saMprati ane balamitra-bhAnumitra, balamitrano putra nabhe vAhana, navAhanane putra gardezitala, gadaMbilane putra vikramAditya, evI rIte e sarva rAjAone mauryavaMzanA lakhI temane rAjatvakAla anukrame 30, 25, 35, 49, 20, 40, 13 varSa nedhI chellA vikramAdityane rAjatvakAla noMdhatI nathI. tenI gaNanAmAM caMdraguptathI laI balamitra-bhAnumitra sudhInA rAjAone rAjavaMkAla ma. ni. 154 thI 354 sudhI 200 varSa thAya che. ma. ni. 155 nA badale 15thI te mauryavaMzanI zarUAta mAne che. ane saMprati tathA balamitrabhAnumitra vacce 1 varSa arAjakatAnuM te lakhe che, A 2 varSa 200mAMthI bAda karIe te balamitra-bhAnuM mitranA rAjyAnta sudhI mauryakAla 198 varSa thAya. balamitra-bhAnumitranA 60 varSa rAja svakAla daramI Ana magadhasamrATu puSyamitranuM 30 varSa ujajayinI para Adhipatya thayuM hatuM, e kAla te balamitra-bhAnumitranA zajattvakAlamAM ja rahevA de che; kemake te ujajayinI paranuM Adhipatya naidhatI nathI, paraMtu pATalIputra ane jayinInA miryarAjAonI sAmAnya rAjatvakAlanI neMdha le che. himavaMta therAvalInI jema janakAlagaNanAnI gAthAo paNa mauyarAjyAraMbhathI balamitrabhAnumitra sudhIne rAjakAla 198 varSa noMdhe che. jemake -mauryo 108 varSa, puSyamitre 30 varSa ane balamitra-bhAnumitra 60 varSa. himavaMta therAvalIthI enI paddhati nirALI che, kAraNa ke e gAthAone himavaMtartharAvalInI jema svataMtra ke parataMtra kaI rAjAnA rAjatvakAlanI neMdha nathI levI, paNa ujayinInA adhipationA rAjatvakAlanI ja nedha levI che. uparokta 198 varSa daramIyAna balamitra-bhAnumitranA rAjyata pUrve 30 varSa ujajayinI para puSyamitronuM Adhipatya hatuM ema e gAthAo kahetI hevAthI, ujajayinInA Adhipatya kAlanAM 198 varSamAM gaNAyalAM puSyamitronAM 30 varSa bAda karIe te, puSyamitro sivAyanA mauryo ane balamitra bhAnumitranA nAme 168 varSa lakhavAnAM rahe, ane maunAM 108 varSa, balamitra-bhAnumitranAM 60 varSa, ema 108 + 60 = 168 varSa tyAM lakhyAM paNa che; paraMtu A rIte-108 ane 60 varSa tarIke pADela vibhAga barAbara nathI, kAraNa ke balamitra-bhAnumitranA rAjakAle vacamAM puSyamitronuM ujajayinImAM 30 varSa

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8. avaMtinuM Adhipatya. Adhipatya hoI malamitra-bhAnumitranAM 60 varSamAMthI e 30 varSa bAda karatAM temanuM ujjayinIparanuM Adhipatya 30 varSanuM ja hatuM eTale uparokta 168 varSanA vibhAga mauryAnAM 138 varSa ane khalamitra-bhAnumitranAM 30 varSa' evI rIte karavA joie paraMtu tema na karatAM, je moryAMnAM 108 varSa ane balamitra-bhAnumitranAM 60 varSe AvI rIte karyo che te kharAkhara baMdha besatA nathI. chatAM paNa karyo teA che ja te temAM jarUra kAMI lAkSaNika kAraNa hAvuM joIe. huM jaNAvI gayeA chu ke, kaliMganA jaina mahArAjA khAravele peAtAnA rAjyanA khAramAM varSa eTale himava`tatherAvalI pramANe ma. ni. 312 mAM pATalIputramAM puSyamitrane (puSyamitre rAjA tarIke nImale peAtAnA jyeSTha putra bRhaspatimitra hatA tene) pAdAkrAnta karyo hatA.113 tethI puSyamitrane avanti (ujjayinI) para AdhipatyAraba te pachIthI thoDAMka varSo bAda thayA haze. bIjI tarapha kAlagaNanAnI gAthAe puSyamitronA 30 varSanA Adhipatya khAdakhalamitra-bhAnumitranu ujjayinI para Adhipatya jaNAve che. eTale te paNa ma. ni. 354 pahelAM thoDAMka varSI rahyu haze e nakkI che. khalamitra-bhAnumitranA ujjayinInA Adhipatya vacce 30 varSa pumitrAnuM Adhipatya hatuM. tenA cokakasa samaya meLavavAnuM kAi sAdhana nathI. meM e samaya Azare ma. ni. 315 thI 345 pantane mAnyA che, ema chatAM kadAca te ma. ni. 317 ke 318 thI 347 ke 348 sudhI paNa hAya tA nA nahi. puSyamitrAnA ujjayinI paranA Adhipatya daramIyAna lamitra-bhAnumitra ujjayinImAM mAMDalika tarIke rAjya karatA hatA ke teo lATanA bharUcamAM khasI jaI tyAM svataMtrapaNe rAjya karatA hatA e paNa nizcita sAdhananA abhAve anizcita che. A sanA atha e che ke, ma. ni. 293 thI 315 sudhI 22 varSa khalamitrabhAnumitranuM ujjayinI para Adhipatya hatuM, te pachI 315 thI 345 sudhI 30 varSa puSpamitrAnuM Adhipatya rahyA bAda pharIthI 345 thI 353 sudhI 8 varSa khamitra-bhAnumitranuM tyAM Adhipatya hatu. balamitra-bhAnumitranA ujayanI paranA 30 varSanA AdhipatyakAla ane bIjo 30 varSanA rAjakAla ema ma. ni. 293 thI 353 sudhI 60 varSanA sAmAnya rAjavakAla hatA. e sAmAnya rAjavakAlanuM bhAna karAvavAne kAlagaNanAnI gAthAoe 60 varSa lakhyAM paraMtu kharI rIte puSyamitro pachI balamitra-bhAnumitranA ujjayinI paranA Adhipatya4Ala 8 varSa ja che tA e 60 varSane 8 varSanA abhiprAya para ja levAM joIe. pahelAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, mauryarAjyAra bhathI khalamitra-bhAnumitra sudhInA ujjiyanInA AdhipatyakAla gAthAe!nI daSTie 198 varSa che, temAMthI alamitrabhAnumitranA Adhipatya vagaranAM je 30 varSa che tenAM samakAlIna puSpamitronAM 30 varSa ane ahamitra--bhAnumitranA AdhipatyanAM 30 varSa, ema 60 varSa bAda karatAM mauryAMnA phALe (113) jIe TIppa0 na. 97.

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avatinuM Adhipatya. 138 varSa Ave che. have balamitra-bhAnumitrane puSamitro pachI AdhipatyakAla 8 varSa * che ane pUrve 22 varSa che, te 22 varSa 138 mAM nAkhIe te balamitra-bhAnumitra mo ja hovAthI saune ujajayinI para AdhipatyakAla 160 varSa thAya, chatAM uparokta gAthAo 108 varSa lakhe che te tene abhiprAyArthe 160 para ja hovuM joie. AvI rIte 108 ne 168nA abhiprAyArthamAM ne 60 ne 8nA abhiprAyArthamAM levAnI rIta drAvIDI-prANAyAma jevI ane avyutpanna jevI lAge che, paNa maurya balamitra-bhAnumitranA ujajayinI para 22 varSa Adhipatya pachI 30 varSa puSyamitronuM Adhipatya ane te pachI pharI balamitra-bhAnumitranuM 8 varSa Adhipatya thAya che. AvI sthitimAM sUtrakAranI rUci pramANe saMkSiptasUtra "mauryonAM 108, puSyamitronAM 30, balamitrabhAnumitranAM 60," evA sIdhA arthavALuM lakhAyuM lAge che. ene spaSTa lakhavuM hoya te caMdraguptathI saMprati sudhInA cAra mauryonAM 138, balamitra-bhAnumitranAM 22, puSyamitranAM 30, balamitra-bhAnumitranAM 8 AvI rIte lakhAya athavA te maunAM 160, puSyamitronAM 30, maunAM 8, AvI rIte lakhAya, paraMtu AvI rIte lakhI tenI spaSTatA karavA jAya te saMkSiptatA rahe nahi. je spaSTatA na kare te puSyamitronI AgaLa pAchaLa be vakhata balamitra-bhAnumitra athavA mauryo AvavAthI saMdigdhatA rahe. AthI 108 ne 160nA ane 60 ne 8nA abhiprAyArtha para saMkSipta sUtra lakhI "thathAno vizeSAvittine di kSaNa' e nyAyane anusaravuM paDayuM che. sUtrakArane sUtra kayI rIte lakhavuM e keInA praznanI maryAdA bahAranuM che.14 atu, mauryazajyAraMbhathI puSyamitranA rAjayAraMbha sudhIne samaya jainasAhitya (114) A niyamathI ApaNe zrImerUtuMgarinA "vighamajJAtA, sattaravArdi che ravi red gm graNathe, vivAmi viThTha" A gAthA paranA"savAgharvi kramarAjyAnaMtaraM vatsarapravRttiH / ko'rthaH ? nabhovAhanarAjyAt 17 varvikramAdityasya rAjyam / rAjyAnaMtaraM ca tadeva vastarapravRttiH / tato dvipaMcAzadadhikazata (152) madhyAt 27 vaag mg mk jadhAdhavAraM (zarU) visAmA viF" AvA vyAkhyAnane bI. bara mAnavAmAM koI harakta nathI. vikramarAjaya pachI sattara varSe vatsara pavAryo hato e vizva manIya ullekha na maLe ane tenAthI virUddha uone maLatA hoya evI sthitimAM "kayathiI 17 varSe ?' evA uThatA praznane saMgata javAba ApavA zrI metuMgarie prayatna karyo che. teo vyAkhyA kare che ke' nabhI rAjyathI arthAta navAhananA rAjaya pachIthI eTale ke gaIbhiDhyonA rAjyAraMbhathI 17 varSa saMsA-pravRtti thaI. "gabhiloe 152 varSa rAjya karyuM...' evA ullekha ke saMpradAyanI temane jANa hovI joIe, ke jene anusarI temaNe 152 mAMthI uparokta 17 varSa bAda karatA avaziSTa 135 varSa vikamaThAlama-vikrama saMvatathI thatI gaNatarI mAM nAkhyA. emaNe gabhilone kAla lakhyA che temAM zakakAlanA 4 varSa 5Na gaNI lIdhAM che. zonuM e 4 varSane atya5 ane avyavasthita tathA asthira evuM rAjaya gaNatarImAM na letAM gabhilomAM ja gaNI kADhayuM che. purANoe te-"tata parihAri" (masyapu a0 273), "tara minaaa" (brahmAMDapumabhA. upa0 pA3 ba0 94), 15 2 135 12

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya pramANe ma. ti, 155 4 154 thI 315 ke 316 sudhI 160 ke 162 varSa che. A samaya daramIyAna ucinonuM Adhipatya je rAjAoe bhegaLyuM temanI sAlavArI jaina sAhityamAM noMdhAyalI maLI AvatI nathI. caMdraguptathI saprati sudhI rAjAenAM nAma ane temanA sabaMdhamAM keTalIka hakIkata lakhatA AcArya zrIhemacaMdrasUri jevAoe paNa temanI sAlavArI noMdhI nathI. balamitra-bhAnumitranA ujjayinI paranA AdhipatyanI spaSTatA sivAya e rAjAenA rAjavakAlanI spaSTa noMdha phakta himava'tatherAvalIe ja lIdhI che. jainasAhityagata anya sAdhananA abhAve mAre e noMdhanA ja upayAga karavA paDayA che. A noMdhanI sAthe aiddhagraMthA ane purANeAnA ullekhAnA matAntara jovAmAM Ave che, eTaluMja nahi, parantu aze|kanA rAjyAnta pachI teA khIlakula meLa ja nathI, azeAkanA rAjavakAla pachI, bauddhagraMthA ane purANe jANe ke aiicata hAya tevI rIte mauya rAjAonI nAMdha le che. ane temanA rAjavakAla nAMdhe che. A samayanA mATe jeTalI cekasAI himavata therAvalInI che teTalI bhAgye ja AddhagraMthA ke purANeAnI che. ca'dragupta, bindusAra ane azoka e traNa samrATonA saMbaMdhamAM te mAddhagraMtha ane purANA jarUra kAMika paricita lAge che; ane tethI temanI noMdhelI e rAjAonI sAlavArI para meM lakSya ApI A lekhamAM yathAsthAne upayoga ke ullekha karavA vicAra rAkhyA che. A AkhA lekhamAM keIpaNu rAjAnA rAjavakAlanI ke tenA samayamAM banelI hakIkatanI noMdha letAM tenA samayanI khAmatamAM me' ekAda varSanuM aMtara dhyAnamAM lIdhuM nathI. kAi banAva varSanI AdimAM banyA hoya ne kAI banAva varSanI aMtamAM banyA DAya tyAM noMdhAyalAM varSomAM sahaja ekAda varSInuM aMtara paDI jAya ane tene spaSTa samajavAnAM sAdhana aAM maLI Ave tyAM nirupAye ekAda varSAne dhyAnamAM na levAya e svAbhAvika che. vaLI A lekhamAM ma, nirvANathI amuka vaSaeN ema lakheluM hAya tyAM nirvANunuM gatavarSe ja samajavAnuM che. " lasa minadhAvi " (vAyupu. utta0 0 37) AvA ullekhA marI, zakarAjAne ga'billomAM maNI, ga'bhinno--ma bila, vikramAditya, dharmAditya (vikramacaritra), bhAla, nAila ane nAhaDa, ema cha hatA tenA khale sAtanI sakhyA karI dIdhI che. vikramasaMvatanI pravRttimAM jainakAlagaNanAnA cAlu saMpradAyanA ma* mujam zrImettuMgasUrijI, himavaMta therAvalIkAra vigeree nedhilA samaya karatAM jarUra 60 varSe matabheda dharAve che, paraM'tu nabhAvAhananA rAjyathI eTale rAjya bAda 17 varSa vikramanuM rAjya zarU thayuM hatu kSemAM tenA vacce ke matabheda na hatA. AthI samajAze ke zrImeruttuMgasUrie karelI vyAkhyA keTalo prAmANika che. tithyeAgmAlInI prakA', gAthA--malayamanuM puLa " arthAt ga bheAnAM 100 vaSaeN, ema lakhatI phakta vikramAditya ane dharmAdityatA ja 6040=100 varSe rAjatvakAla nedhatI hAya. ema lAge che. eNe gabhila, zaka, bhASala, nAila ane nAhaDa e rAjAne hInacAritra, avyavasthita ane nabaLA gaNI zuM gaNatarImAM ja levA yogya nahi dhAryo haze?. game tema paNa AvI AvI bhAkhatAmAM vizeSa vyAkhyAnathI athavA teA anya sAdhatAthI niNaeNya karavA joie. . dz

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. caMdragupta 29 varSa, ma. ni. 155-184 (vi. sa. pU. 255-226, i. sa. pU. 312-283 ) himava'tatherAvalI caMdraguptanA rAjakAla ma. ni. 154 thI 184 sudhI eTale 30 vaSaeN mAne che, paraMtu anya jainasAhityanA AdhAre cadragupta mauryanA rAjyAra'bha ma ni. 155 varSa manAye hAvAthI ahi 30 varSamAMthI eka varSa ochu karI 29 varSa caMdraguptanAM lakhavAM paDe che. bauddhagraMthA ane purANeA te caMdraguptanA rAjantrakAla 24 vaja lakhe che, te hisAbe e samaya ma. ni. 155 thI 179 sudhI gaNAya. maurya zantyAraza ma. na. 154 ke 155 varSe thayA e matabhenuM vadhArAnuM 1 varSa cheADI daie tApaNa himavata therAvalI caMdraguptanA rAjavakAla bauddhathI ane purANeAthI 5 vaSa' vadhAre gaNe che. bauddha graMthA bindusAranAM 28 ane azokanAM 37 varSa lakhe che, jyAre himavata therAvalI bindusAranAM 25 ane azokanAM 35 ema 3+ 2 = 5 vaSa* AchAM lakhe che. pariNAme caMdraguptanAM 5 varSa vadhAre paDatAM hatAM te A 5 varSa' emAM lakhAtAM tenI gaNanAnA meLa azeAkanA rAjyAMte bauddhagraMthonI sAthe maLI jAya che. purANA tA himavaMta therAvalInI jema bindusAranAM 25 varSa lakhe che, paraMtu azeAkanAM 36 varSa' lakhatAM hAvAthI temanI apekSAe himata therAvalInuM 1 varSa AchuM che te, pUrvokta vadhAre jaNAtAM 5 varSomAMthI bAda karIe te paNa 4 varSa vadhAre hotAM tenA meLa azeAkanA rAjyAMte purANeAnI sAthe na ja maLe. azAkanA rAjyAMta himavata therAvalInI gaNanA karatAM purANeAnI gaNanAmAM 4 varSa vahelA Ave. paNa jo azeAkanI anabhiSikta dazAnAM 4 varSa mAnI te kAla azokanAM pUrvokta 36 varSamAM umerIe ne tenAM 40 varSa gaNIe tA azeAdanA rAjava4Ala himavata therAvalI 35 varSa lakhe che te, purANAthI pa varSa Adye thayA; ane e rIte therAvalImAM caMdraguptanAM 5 varSa vadhAre hatAM tenA badale azAkanAM 5 varSa AchAM lakhatAM vaLI jatAM himavata therAvalI aze|kanA rAjyAMte purAjJAnI sAthe paNa eka ja samaye maLatI thaI jAya che. A rIte caMdraguptanA rAjyArabha ane azAkanA zajyAMta e bannenI sAlanA sabaMdhamAM himavata therAvalI, bauddhagraMtho ane purANA mahudhA ekamata karI zakAya, paNa teo candraguptanA mAyAMta, bindusArane zayAra" ane zajyAMta tathA azokanA rAjyAra'bha, enI cAkkasa sAla kayI hatI e bhAbatamAM ekamata nathI. kAraNu khullu' ja che ke teo caMdragupta, bindusAra ane azeAkanA rAjavakAla lakhavAmAM matabheda dharAve che. jemakeH-- candragupta himavata therAvalI ma. ni. va. 155-184 19 (154-184 30) bauddhagraMtho ma. ni. varSa. 155-179, 24 1 purANA ma. ni. va. 155-179, 24

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92 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. bindusAra 184-209 25 179-207, 28 179-204, 25 azeka (anabhiSikta) (2) 207-211, 4 204-208, 4 azoka 209-244 35 211-244, 33 208-244, 36 caMdraguptAdi traNa rAjAonA rAjatvakAla viSene uparakta matabheda, caMdragupta pATalIputra lIdhuM ne tyAM tene rAjyAbhiSeka thayo te pahelAM teNe koIka pArvatIya pradezamAM pAMceka varSa rAjya karyuM hoya tene lIdhe che ke azokane rokyAraMbha ane rAjyAbhiSeka e bannenA aMtaranI anizcitatAne laIne che, e saMbaMdhamAM khAtrIbaMdha purAvAnA abhAve kAMI paNa kahI zakAya tema nathI. nandarAjAthI apamAnita thaelA rAjanItijJa ane samartha arthazAstrI cANakaye maurya candraguptane AgaLa karI vividha prayatnathI ane chevaTe himavaskUTanA rAjA parvatakanI madadanI prAptithI nandanA pATalIputrane kajo meLavyo. cANakaye karelI zarata pramANe ardharAjyane bhAgIdAra bananAra parvataka viSathI poSAyala kanyAnA prasaMgathI mRtyu pAmatAM cANakaye caMdraguptane magadhane samrA banAvyA, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu teNe magadha sAmrAjyane vadhAre vyavasthita, samRddha ane vistRta karavA sAthe nirbhaya ane pratApI paNa banAvyuM. 15 zrI hemacaMdrasUrijI caMdraguptane nandarAjAnA mayUrapaSa mahattaranI putrInA putra tarIke oLakhAve che ane tene maurya tarIke lakhe che. teozrI caMdraguptanA pitAnI bIlakula oLakha ApatA nathI tema tenI mAtAnuM nAma paNa jaNAvatA nathI paraMtu bauddhagraMthothI jANavA maLe che ke, meriya eTale mauya e kSatriya hatA. 117 vaidikagraMthomAM caMdraguptanI (115) A paragrAphanI hakIkata sAthe AvazyakarNi (pUrvabhAga pR. 563 thI 565 ), patihiSTaparva (samAM 8, kSe. 194 thI 376 ) vigere jaina sAhitya ane matsyapurANAda, mudrArAkSasa ( upadravAta) vigere vaidika sAhitya eka mata che. kathAsaritsAgara (kayApIThalambaka, taraMga 5) candraguptanA rAjyaprAptimAM kaTAlane AgaLa karI cANakayadvArA nana (gAnaja) dhAdinuM vidhAna kare che, paNa te saMpradAyAgrahamUlaka heI baha0thAnuM svaicchika rUpAntara che ane tethI avizvasanIya che. (116) pariziSTa parva sarga 8, . 230 thI ra38, AvazyakarNimAM paNa ema ja kahevAmAM Ave che. jemake - "naMdassa moraposagA, tesiM gAmaM gato parisvAyaliMgeNaM, teli mahattaradhI(dhUtAe caMdapIyate vo vAto x x x avare puro jAto" Avazyaka cUrNa pUrvabhAga pR. 563 cUrNikAra paNa candraguptanA pitA ne mAtAnuM nAma ApyuM nathI. (117) De. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha prAcIna bhAratavarSa-bhAga bIje, pR 139, TI. 20mAM AvI rIte jaNAve che;-"je. ke. I. 5 13ra -mahAvaMzamAM tene meriyA kSatriya jAtine puruSa mo che, dabAvadAnamAM candraguptane putra biMdusAra pitAne kSatriya mUrdhAbhakti gaNAve che. te ja prayamAM biMdusAputra azoka pitAne kSatriya tarIke oLakhAve che. (ju kAvela ane nAIlanuM divyAvadhAna pa. 370 )" DokaTara mahAzaye jenuM bhASAMtara karyuM che te IgrejI maLa paNa ahiM ApyuM che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 93 mAtAnuM nAma murA lakhavAmAM Ave che ane tene najarAjAnI paTarANI banAvavAmAM Ave che, 8 paraMtu A hakIkata satya hoya te te na vaMzI oLakhAya, nahi ke mauryavaMzI. - uparokata bAbatamAM zrIyuta paM. vizvezvaranAtha ui lakhe che ke:-"da graMtho tathA jJAtA hai ki buddhake vaMzameM hI mauryavaMzI rAjA hue the / yadi yaha ThIka ho to inakA zAkyavaMzI honA siddha hotA hai / ukta granthomeM yaha bhI likhA hai ki candraguptakA pitA himAlaya pradezake eka choTese rAjyakA svAmI thA aura ukta pradezameM mora adhikatAse hone ke kAraNa phrI vajA rAya bartha kaDhAtA (bhArata prAcIna rAjavaMza-dvitIya bhAga pR. 75 (110) ju, mudrArAkSasano uddadhAta, ahiM, sarvArtha siddhi nAmanA nandanI bIjI rANI murA hatI, ke je vRSabhanI putrI hatI, tenA putra mauryane putra cadragupta hatuM, ema kahevAyuM che. bUkayA saritasAgaramAM, pUrvanane putra candragupta hato, e aSTa ullekha che, jemake - "tta gharanI punAvAzeerthA tRSAramajhA murAthathA." Ro. 28 "kurA dArUta tara), mauvayaM guNavattAm + + + " ka. "vottamAtatha, mauryathANAd + + I " sI. 26 mudrArAkSasa- upe dUdhAta "pUrvanarapure strakramIzcandraguNe niriAtA" kathAsaritsAgara-kayA pIlambaka taraMga 5 0 120 vaidika sAhityamAM murA-candraguptanI mA ke tenA bApanI mA-vRSalanI putrI hatI ane te nandanI rANI hatI evA ullekhane jaI mI, smItha lakhe che ke -"candragupta maurya e naMdavaMzamAM ja vadhA bharI rIte pedA thayo hato" (hiMdustAnanA prAcIna ItihAsa-pUrvAdha 5. 58), paraMtu "mArata kAna tAkavaMza' nA lekhaka lakhe che ke:-"phula jAthALo vithameM vijJAna janamAra hai ki mauryavaMzIyoM ke vauddha ho jAneke kAraNa brAhmaNadharmako bahuta kucha hAni uThAnI paDI thii| isI ka raNa una logoMne mauryoko patita aura zUdra prasiddha karane ke liye ukta kathAoMkI sRSTi kara lI hogii|" bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza-ditIya vibhAga pR. 76 najarAjAe pATalIputra cheDatI vakhate candraguptanA 5ra anurAga dharatI pitAnI putrIne candragupta sAthe lagnathI baMdhAvA sammati ApI che te parathI samajAya che ke, candragupta e nandane putra nathI ane jo te nandana patra na hoya to "nandanI vRSalA rANI ane tenAthI janmelo mauya ne tethI janmelA candragupta' e kathana dharmAgrahamUlaka joI zake. je candragupta vRSaNa eTale zudra evA arthamAM heta , mudrArAkSasa lakhe che tema, vAravAra "vRSala" evA saMbodhanathI cANakya je buddhimAna vyavahAradakSa potAnA hAdhe sthApelA rAjAne sabaMdhe ja nahi. eTale kahevuM paDe che ke, te nATakakArano >> saMpradAyAgraha ja tene vRSala evuM saMbodhana karAve che athavA te "vRSala' zabdano artha je samajavAmAM Ave che te nahi paNa anya rIte ja thato have joIe. game tema paNa candraguptanA kalanI vAratavika oLakha karavAmAM maLI AvatAM sAdhana 5raspara virodhI ane avizvasanIya hevAthI e viSayamAM mauna ja rahevuM paDe tema che. jaina sAhitya e ja kAraNathI mauna sevyuM hoya ema kalpanA thAya che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. ekaMdara rIte lekhake candraguptanA pitAnA nAmathI ke mauryethI bahu ochA ja paricita athavA te aparicita ja che, ema mane te lAge che. bAkI cANakaya viSe te hemacaMdrasUrijI lakhe che ke,'19 "gola dezamAM caNakAme cANakayano janma thayo hato. tenA pitAnuM nAma caNI ane mAtAnuM nAma caNezvarI hatuM. teo paramajaina brAhmaNa hatAM. munioe sadaMta janmelA cANakaya bAlakane mATe rAjayaprAptinuM sUcana karatAM caNIe e bAlakanA dAMta ghasAvI nAkhyA, paNa caNIe e dAMta ghasAvI nAkhavAnI hakIkata munionI AgaLa nivedana karatAM tene munioe kahyuM ke, "A kRtyathI bAlaka rAjA nahi, paNa bimbAntarita rAjA thaze, eTale ke rAjAne eka putaLA tarIke rAkhI rAjyaktA thaze." ApaNe bhAratIya sAhitya parathI jANIe chIe ke, cANakaya rAjA nahi, paNa rAjA tarIke sthapAyelA caMdraguptane deranAra rAjA jevI ja vyakti hatI. eNe ja caMdraguptanA nAme mauryavaMzanI sthApanA karI hatI ane tene daDhamUla banAvyuM hatuM, e huM upara kahI ja gaye chuM. himavaMta therAvalI candraguptane "moriyaDutto ' mauryaputra kahe che, 120 te parathI candraguptanA pitAnuM nAma mauryuM hovAnuM sUcana thAya che. tene magadhAdhipa banavAmAM deza (11) zrI hemacandrasUrijI ja nahi paNa temanA samayathI cAra sadIothI paNa pUrvenA graMthakAra vALA-cANakaya viSe AvI ja rIte lakhI gayA che. jaina graMthakAra cANakayathI bahu ja paricita che. jinadAsa maNimahattA kRta bhAva5ka cUSino pATha A pramANe che "cANakke-gollavisae' caNiyaggAmo, tattha caNio mAhaNo so ya sAvao, tassa ghare sAdhU ThitA, putto se jAto saha dADhAhiM, teNa sAdhUNa pAesu pADio, tehiM bhaNitaMrAyA hAhititti, teNa ciMtiya-mA doggatiM jAissaitti datA ghaTThA, puNovi AyariyANaM kahitaM. tehi bhaNita-kiM kajjata! etAhevi biMbaMtarito bhavissaitti, ummakabAlabhAvaNa coisa vijAThANANi AgamiyANi, sovi sAvao saMtuTTho." AvazyakacUrNi-pUrvabhAga. pR. 563 (120) himavaMta therAvalI. (mudrita) 5. 3 (1) goladeza karyo ane e viSe anumAna karavAmAM abArita sAdhane Aje vidyamAna che ke kema e tapAsavAnuM rahe che. (2) cANakayanA arthazAstramAM manusmRti ityAdi vaidikane anusaratA prathomAM AlekhelI nItithI viraha jaI viprane paNa zArIrika sajA karavAmAM Ave evuM vidhAna karAyeluM hovAthI cANakaya vaidika matAnayAyI nahi paNa tethI bhinna matAnuyAyI che ema sAbIta thAya che. arthazAstramAM evI paNa bAbato lakhelI che ke, jethI cANakya vaidika nahi paNa jaina hato ema sAbIta karI zakAya. | (cANakaya e Aja kAla vaparAtuM athaha rUpa che. meM paNa bahudhA e azuddha ja rUpa lakhyuM che, paNa tenuM zuddha repa "cANakaya ja che, ke jevI rIte prAcIna jaina maMyakAre lakhe che )

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vaNI ApanAra "cANiga" hato e paNa te jaNAvI rahI che. therAvalo A sivAya vizeSa kaI candragupta ke cANakayanI oLakha ApatI nathI candraguptano pitA mauryuM hovAthI tene vaMza mauryanAmathI oLakhAya che evuM nakkI karavA zerAvAlI ApaNane mahatavanI madada karI rahI che, sivAya ke vadhAre prAmANika anya sAdhane na maLe. astu, AthI paNa vizeSa saMzodhana mAgatI uparokta hakIkatane ApaNe ahiM ja choDI daIe. candragupta magaSAdhipa bane, pachI tenA sAmrAjyanI zarUAtanAM varSomAM je paristhiti hatI tene rItasara pahoMcI vaLI mArya vaMzanAM UMDAM mULa nAkhavAmAM tene cANakya dvArA aneka prakAranI rAjanItiono Azraya le paDa hato, ema zrI hemacaMdrasUri ane anya lekhakanA lakhANathI samajAya che. eka bAju madhyaprAMtamAM varSothI bhayaMkara duSkALa pravatI' rahyo hato ane bIjI bAju meTA sAmrAjyanA rakSaNane pahoMcI vaLAya tevuM vArasAmAM maLeluM eka moTuM sainya nibhAvavAnuM sAmrAjyanA mAthe bhAre beje hate. cANakyanI buddhie jema bane tema jaldIthI nAnA anukavIo ane sAmaMtane sAmAdithI vaza karI AjubAjunA pradezamAM zAMti sthApI dIdhI ane pachI arthazAstranA e niSNAta prAthamika jarUriyAtane pahoMcI vaLavA khapa puratuM dravya bheLuM karI jema bane tema duSkAlane haLa banAvavA eka nahera khedAvavAnuM kArya zarU karyuM. kaliMganA jaina mahArAjA khAravelane hAthIguphAne zilAlekha ApaNane kahI rahyo che ke, e naheranuM uddaghATana "ir-fsavAra' nandajAthI eTale tenA saMvatathI 103 varSe, arthAta; A lekhanI gaNatarIe ma. ni. 160 varSe thayuM hatuM. 21 cANakyane vidrohI ane maphata rakSaNa mAgatA mammIsa samRddhonA prati sakhta ane kavacita kuTila paNa thavuM paDayuM hoya e banavA ja jagA che. e parama jena hatA, paraMtu tenI sAthe magadha sAmrAjyanI unnata sthitine vidhAyaka paNa hato e bhUlavuM joIe nahi. vArasAmAM maLelA lazkarane vadhAravAnI paNa AvazyaktA cANakaye mAnI hatI ane tenA mATe paNa baheLA dravyanI khapa paDe ja. pUrvanA khajAnAno keTaloka bhAga cANAkaye caMdraguptanA sasarA nandane laI javA dIdho hate AvI sthitimAM cANakaya jevo arthazAstrI potAnI buddhine kAvatI rIte upayoga kare to temAM navAI nathI. game tema paNa cANakaya ane caMdraguptathI bhAratavarSa unnatamukha ane gauravAnvita banyuM hatuM ane tenA paDaghA Aje (121) . ni. 60 varSe najara jAyanI zarUAta thaI hatI. najasaMvatanI zarUAta tyArathI gaNatAM tene 103 saMvata ma. ni. 163 varSe Ave (60+13=167 ) jue khAravelane e lekhAMza - " x x x x paMcame ca dAnI base naMdarAja-ti-vasa-sata oghATitaM tanasuliya-vATA pAuM nA veNa [4] ti []" zrI khAravela prazasti zrIyuta. ke. pI. jayasvAla vAMcana paM. 6 (bAravela potAnA rAjyanA pAMcamA varSe-naMdarAjAnAM 103 varSe khullI mukAyelI naherane tanasuliya vATathI (pitAnA) nagaramAM lAvya)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. paNa paDe che. arvAcIna videzI ItihAsakAro, legasanA putra kelemI vigerenAM ane megAsthanIsa vigerenAM vyavasthita ke avyavasthita lakhANanuM anusaMdhAna karI te parathI graMtho sajAvanArA eriyana, epiyana, vigere graMthakAranA lakhANonA AdhAre, elejhAMDaranI tathA selyukasa nikeTaranI bhAratanA vAyavya pradeza paranI caDhAInI vistRta hakIkate lakhI gayA che, paraMtu AzcaryanI vAta che ke, bhAratIya lekhako videzI itihAsakAroe pitAnI kalama uThAvI tyAM sudhI e viSe cupa ja rahyA che. grIka ane romana prAcIna ItihAsakAroe jhAMDemIsa athavA aMgremIsa ane senDekeTasa jevA uccAraNa thatA zabdo vAparyA che. arvAcIna videzI ItihAsakAroe e zabdane nanda ane candraguptanAM grIkane phAvatAM uccAraNa tarIke mAnyA ane elekjhaDara tathA candraguptanA samAgama vigerenI hakIkate lakhI nAkhI, paraMtu svataMtra vicAranA keTalAka arvAcIna bhAratIya ItihAsakArene e gaLe nathI utaratuM ke, caMdragupta ane elekjhAMDarane bheTe thayo hate. Ama chatAM himavaMta zUrAvalI bhAratIya prAcIna ullekhamAM apUrva evI eka vAta che che ke, "atIva parAkramI evA caMdragupta yavanAdhipa silakisanI sAthe maitrI karI hatI ane potAnA rAjyane vistAra karyo hate."1 22 therAvalI caMdraguptane atiparAkramI, silakisane mitra banela ne rAjya viratRta karate AlekhI sUthana karI rahI che ke, caMdragupta pitAnA atula parAkramathI silaksi, ke je zabda selyukasane maLato ja che, tene | (22) " + + + aparamaguo gunAhisivilejo phri mitro sAthe NiyarajavittharaM kuNamANo vizrarai / " hima0 the(mukita) 5, 3, 4. e itihAsasiddha hakIkata che ke, cANaye nandanuM rAjaya ukhADI nAkhavA pArvatIya pradezanA rAjAnI madada lIdhI hatI, paNa ApaNe anumAna karI zakIe ke e tene aMtima prayatna che te pahelAM eNe evA prakAranA dhaNu ya pramatno karyA haze, videzI ItihAsakAro kahe che tema, videzI AkramaNakAra elekajhAnaranA paMjAba paranA AkramaNa samaye cANakaya candraguptane sAthamAM laI pitAne dhAryo hetu siddha karavA paMjAbanA pradezamAM ghUmI rahyo hoya ane teNe alekajharanI sAthe candraguptanI mulAkAta UbhI karI hoya. cANakaya hetu alekajhAMDaranI mAte magadha sAmrAjyane saMkaTamAM mukI pitAnuM dhAryuM sita karavAnuM hoya e banavAjoga che. cAmukamano e hetu pAra paDayo nathI ane elekajhAnDara pariNAme niSkaLa evI dhamAcakaDI karI cAlyo gayo che evI sthitimAM mahattvanI ja nadhi letuM jena. sAhitya cUpa ja rahyuM hoya te temAM kAMI navAI nathI. paraMtu te parathI "candragupta paMjAbane joyo hoya ema puravAra karAyuM nathI ' ema kahI candraguptanA vAyavya bhAratanI pelI pAra sudhInA vijayane nakAra ene koI purA nathI. mane te lAge che ke, godeza pazcima bhAratamAM have joIe ane cANakaye takSazilAmAM vidyAbhyAsa karela che je e, ane tethI cANakaya paMjAba vigerenA pradezathI bahu ja paricita haja potAnA ichita hetane siddha karavA tyAM ghUkhyo ja haze. saMyukasanI sAme candragupta

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. saMdhI karavAnI ane ghaNuM ja pradeza potAne soMpI devAnI pharaja pADI hatI. grIka ane rAmana itihAsakAra e ja vAtane vadhAre vigatavArathI lakhI gayA che. teo lakhe che ke, "elekjhAMDaranA saradAra ane elegajhAMDaranA mRtyu bAda kAlAMtare tenA sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA paDatAM pazcima eziyAnI sattA bhogavatA sIriyAnA rAjA selyukasa nikaTare potAnA pUrva vijetA enjhAMDara zahenazAhanuM anukaraNa karI ekavAra pharIthI bhAratanA vAyavya pradeza para AkramaNa karyuM, paNa teno caMdragupta majabUta sAmane karyo. " mI. smItha lakhe che ke -"ane lazkarane yuddhamAM bheTa thatAM caMdraguptanuM lazkara caDI AvanAra lazkara mATe bahu bhAra jaNAyuM ane selyukasane pAchA haThavAnI tathA nAmezIbharI saMdhI karavAnI pharaja paDI. hadamAM jIta meLavavAnI AzA ene choDavI paDI, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu siMdhunI pazcime AvelA pitAnA eriAnA prAMtane moTA bhAga tene caMdraguptane ApI de paho. sarakhAmaNImAM najIvI jevI 500 hAthInI bakSisanA bAlA tarIke caMdraguptane paropanisAI, eriyA tathA erejhiyA prAMta maLyA. hAlamAM kAbula, herAta tathA kaMdahAra nAmathI oLakhAtAM zahere anukrame te prAMtenAM pATanagara hatAM. ApelA mulakamAM AkhA geDojhiyA prAMtane athavA te kamamAM kama tenA pUrva bhAgane samAveza thato hato ane A saMdhi karanAra sattAdhIza pakSee lagnasaMbaMdhathI e saMdhine bahAlI ApI. A badhAne artha eTalo ja che ke selyukase pitAnA hiMdI pratispadhI vera pitAnI putrI paraNAvI. A saMdhine I. sa. pUrve 303 nI sAlamAM mukI zakAya."123 mI. mIthanA kathana pramANe I. sa. pU. 303 e ma. nirvANanuM 164 muM varSa ane caMdraguptanA rAjayanuM 9 muM varSa che. videzI itihAsakAronA lakhavA pramANe atyAre elekjhAMDaranA bhArata paranA AkramaNane Azare 24 ane tenA mRtyune 20 varSa vItyAM hatAM. ema lAge che ke, pUrve dubhikSanA aMge karAyelAM rAhata kAryothI ane hamaNAM ja meLavelA yavane paranA mahAna vijayathI A samaye ja maurya sAmrAjyanI zarUAtanA varSathI gaNAte maurya saMvata gatimAM mukAye haze, ke je saMvatanA aritatvane ullekha khAravela pitAnA hAthI guphAvALA zilAlekhamAM mariyakAla' tarIke kare che. AcArya himavaMta pitAnI thezavalImAM "caMdragupta pitAne mariya saMvacchara calAvyo hato." ema ekavAra spaSTa lakhe che, 24 paraMtu AgaLa jatAM "azoke kaliMgane jItI tyAM pitAne "gura" saMvarachara pravata " ema lakhe che.25 e (23) jIva hiMdustAnane prAcIna itihAsa' (pUrvArdha) (gu. va sa ) 5. 164, 15 (124) "tevi LiyoriyasaMvarajIne niSama TA " hima therA, pR. 4 ( mudrita ) (125) "tAra thI rokavAdiya-asattAnivArevidatu madivo asopaNivo kaliMgaM jaNavayamAkamma khemarAyaM NivaM NiyANaM mannAveha, tattha NaM se nniygucha gvAve" hima therA (mukita) 5 6

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. gutta'ne abhiprAya "caMdagurU" ja joIe. ane caMdraguptasaMvacchara eTale maurya saMvatsara ja che. khAravela pitAnA lekhamAM maurya saMvatsara lakhe che tethI azake kaliMga jItI tyAM saMvatsara pravartAvyuM hovAnI paNa sAbItI thAya che. kadAca ema paNa hoya ke azokanA samayamAM e saMvata, maryasaMvata athavA caMdraguptasaMvata ema game te nAmathI lakhAte hoya ane gherAvalInA nivaguttaraMjIra' pAThamAM "ra' nA sthAne azuddha nika ' banyuM hoya, athavA te ni ane gupta vacce caMdra zabda game te kAraNathI galita thayo hoya. zrImacaMdrasUrijI caMdragamane tenA rAjatvakAlanI zarUAtanAM varSomAM ajaina hoya tevAM vizeSaNa pUrvaka lakhe che.26 himavaMta therAvalI te tene bauddha ane nigraMtha zramane viSI jaNAve che. 127 paraMta te banenuM kahevuM che ke, cANakayanI preraNAthI te pachIthI daDha. jaina banyuM hatuM.8 te bauddhadharmane anuyAyI kayAre ane thI rIte banyuM hatuM e jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI, paNa nigraMthono DhaSI te kadAca susthitAcAryanA ziSyonA prasaM. gane laI banyuM hoya, jainasAhityamAM A prasaMga AvI rIte seMdhAyo che -"caMdraguptanA rAjyAraMbhe je dumikSa cAlu hatuM tenI viSamatAne laI eka sthavira susthitAcArye pahelAM potAnA gaNane dezAntaramAM vihAra karAvI dIdhuM hatuM te vakhate be nAnA sAdhuo AcArya paranI premabhaktine laI pAchA pharI, pATalIputramAM jaMghAbala kSINa thayuM hovAne lIdhe sthita AcAryanI sevAmAM AvI rahyA, AcAryo se pAlaMbha temane rahevA dIdhA. dubhikSane laI atIva alpa athavA te kavacita nahi paNa maLatI zikSAne lIdhe temane sIdAvuM paDatuM. temane lAgyuM ke, pitAnA mATe nahi, paNa AcAryanI sAravAra mATe jIvavuM jarUrI che. temaNe aMjananA tAttvika prayogathI adazyapaNe caMdraguptanA bhejanamAMthI bhAga paDAvavAnuM zarU karyuM. caMdragupta zarIre kRza thavA lAge, tenuM kAraNa bhejanamAM thatI adazya uThAvagIrI hatI ema cANakayanA jANavAmAM AvatAM teNe caMdraguptanI sAthe besI sthALamAMthI jamI jatA sAdhuone dhumADA vigerenI yuktithI ughADA pADayA. A vakhate (126) "gged vida, pAkisamAvitanA anuzAsitumArebhe, hitastasya piteva sH||" pariziSTa pUva sarga. 8 0 415 (127) "se Na puddhi micchattaratto sogayANuo samaNANaM NiggaMThANaM upi vidosI AsI hima0 therA pR0 3 (mudvita) (128) "rapatravyaH sApUra, guna seneDA pArthivaH | pASaNDiSu virakto'bhUt , viSayeSiva yogavit // " / pariziSTa parva* sarga- 8 - 435 "pacchA NaM cANigANuNIo jiNadhammammi daDhasaDDho " hima0 therApR3 (mukita)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. rAjaparijana te sAdhuo para ke pAyamAna thayA, paraMtu cANakaye temane sAdhuonI Apadhamane khyAla ApI ane temanA jIvananI anya bAbatenI eTale gurUsevA vigerenI prazaMsA karI, jainadharmanI nindA aTakAvavA pUrvaka sArI ya vAtane tyAMnA tyAM ja saMkelI lIdhI ane candraguptanA cittanuM paNa sAdhuonI mahattA dazAvI kAMika zAvana karI dIdhuM. A pachI cANA banelA banAvanI vAta AcAryane nivedana karI sulaka sAdhuonA anyAya viSe TIkA karI, paNa jyAre AcAryo "tamArA jevA saMghapurUSe pitAnuM peTa ja bharI jANe, tyAre kevala bhaktithI ja prezayelA bhulake AvA agya mArga le te temane zuM kahevuM? khAvo pratyuttara karyo tyAre buddhimAna ne dharmaniSTha e mArya sAmrAjyanA saMcAlake potAnI bedarakArI mATe mithyAduSkRta' dIdhuM. ane AhAranI prApti sulabha thAya tevI ucita vyavasthA karI dIdhI.119 ?" uparakta prasaMganuM Alekhana ApavAdika hetunA aMge karAyeluM che, nahi ke cANAyanuM janatva siddha karI batAvavA. zAstrIya hetuone ja udezI bahudhA lakhatA jainAcAryo temanA umadA nibha jIvanamAM satyane chupAvavAnI ke mithyA zavatvane piSavAnI vRtti rAkhatA nathI. je ema na heta te AvA prasaMganuM Alekhana ja na thAta. ApaNe te A prasaMga ganA Alekhana parathI e samajavAnuM che ke, A prasaMga bane tyAM sudhI caMdragupta jaina na hatuM ane saMbhava che ke, cANakaye caMdraguptane zAMta karyo hate paNa tenA hRdayanA UMDANamAM viSe ghara karyuM haze. cANakaya jevA musadIthI caMdraguptane e bhAva chupo ke tenA laya bahAra na ja rahe e svAbhAvika che ane tethI te yogya samayanI rAha joI rahyo haze. saMbhava che ke, dubhikSa maTayA bAda jenazramaNasaMgha pATalIputramAM maLe hato tyAre teNe caMdraguptane jaina banAvavA prayatna karavAnI taka sAdhI haze. zrI hemacaMdrasUrikRta pariziSTa parvanA jaNAvyA mujaba cANakaye jaina-jainetara darzanenA sAdhuone dharma saMbhaLAvavA nimitte caMdraguptanA rAjamahele bolAvyA hatA ane teNe caMdraguptane prathama belAvelA jainetara sAdhuo karatAM pAchaLathI bolAvelA jaina sAdhuo keTalA vadhAre zAMta ane jitendriya che enI pratyakSa khAtrI karAvI hatI. 13deg A pachI te jena nigraMthono sAco bhakta ne pakko jana thaye haze. cANakayane kuladharma jaina hatuM. tenAM mAtapitA paNa parama jina hatAM. te pote paNa surata jena hatA. teNe caMdraguptane AjJA karIne nahi, paraMtu jena zramaNanI mahattAnuM pratyakSa darzana karAvavA pUrvaka tene temanA bhakta banAvI, upadeza dvArA zraddhALu jaina bane e sApha rate karI Apyo hate; ane e zarate caMdragupta zraddhALu jaina banyuM hatuM." AvA prakAranAM jainAcAryonAM spaSTa ane sahaja lakhANe hatAM chatAM cANakyanI rAjanaitika (128) pariziSTa parva sargaH 08. glo0 377 thI 414, (10) pariziSTa parva sarga. 8. 0 416 thI 45.

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100 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. pravRtti ane tenuM arthazAsa, enA jainatvane bAdhaka mAnI tene ajena TharAvavA prayatna thayA ja che. e prayatana karanArAone maryAdita jainatvanuM ane arthazAstramAM AlekhelI keTalIka vaidika virodhitAnuM jJAna meLavavA avakAza maLyo hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. TAmasAheba megAsthanIsanA kathana parathI caMdraguptane vaidikanA nahi paraMtu jaina zramaNanA dharmopadezane vIkAranAra kahI tene jaina tarIke kahenAra jena ulekhene prAcIna ane niHzaMka mAne che. 31 mI. mIvigere itihAsakAre paNa caMdraguptane jaina hevAnuM kahI rahyA che. teo je rIte caMdraguptanuM savizeSa jainava Alekhe che te, jo ke vAMdhA paDatuM che, paraMtu caMdragupta jaina hato ane tene jainava tarapha laI janAra cANakya paNa jaina hatuM, e te aTaLa satya che. Ama caMdragupta zraddhALu jaina devA viSe Agraha chatAM, pAchaLanA digambara sAhityamAM caudapUrvadhara zrI bhadrabAha pAse caMdraguptanI dIkSA thaI hovAno ullekha je jovAmAM Ave che tenI sAthe te kaI paNa rIte sammata thaI zakAya tema nathI. pachI bhalene, mI smIya jevA itihAsanA Alekhaka, e vAtanI satyatA viSe prathama pitAne vizvAsa na hovAnuM kahetAM chatAM pAchaLathI enI satyatAnI chApa potAnA mana para paDelI jaNAve. kAraNa ke, zrI bhadragAha pAse caMdraguptanI dIkSA vigerenI hakIkata vetAMbara jainAnA sAhitya sAthe saMgata ke avirUddha nathI. himavaMta therAvalIkAra3ra ane zrI merUtuMgasUrinA 33 kathana pramANe, zrI bhadrabAhunuM magadhamAMthI kaligamAM jaI "zatruMjayAvatAra" tarIke oLakhAtA kamaragiri para anazana karavuM, e ghaTI zake che, paraMtu ujajayinImAM caMdraguptane svadarzana, tenA jaina dIkSA, tene bhadrabAhunI sAthe dakSiNamAM zravaNabelagela tarapha vihAra ane tyAM jaI temaNe AdarelAM anazana vigere hakIkata keI paNa rIte ghaTI zake tema nathI. janasAdhuo uttara bhAratanA agnikeNumAM kaliMga sudhI te pahelAMthI ja vicaratA jaNAya che. paraMtu saMpratinA samaya pahelAM, digambara sAhitya kahe che tema, dakSiNanA zravaNabelagola sudhI vicaryA heya e vAta sarvathA nahi mAnavA jevI hoI brAntithI upajelI jaNAya che. A samaya pachI traNa varSa vItyA bAda thayelA koI anya bhadrabAhunI hakIkata (131) jIve temanuM jainijhama eNpha dhI ala lAipha eNpha azoka' pR. 23 (132) thereNaM ajjamabAhu vi caramacauddasaviNo sagaDAlaputtaM ajjathUlabhadaM jiyaH pae ThAvarattA vIrAoNaM sayAhiyasattarivAsesu viikatesu pakkheNaM bhatteNaM apANapaNaM kumAra girimmi kaliMge parimaM Thio saggaM ptto|" hima0 therA, pR. 2 ( mudrita ) (sthavira AryabhadrabAhu paNa aMtima caudapUrvI zakaTAlaputra Ayarathulabhadrane pitAnA pada para sthApana karI, vIra (nirvANu)thI 100 varSa vItatAM pANI vagaranA eka pakSanA anazanapUrvaka pratimA (pAna) dhArI banIne kali dezanA kumAragiri para svargastha thayA. (13) jIvo zrImed'garino aMcalagacchIya bahatpadAvalI.

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avaMtinuM ASipatya -~ vacce caudapUrvadhara bhadramADuMnA nAme caDhAvI devAi che, enuM A piraNAma che. zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ane morya ca Mdraguptane e hakIkatA sAthe mAMi levA devA nathI.134 mI. smItha keTalIka vicAraNA pachI buddhanuM nirvANu I. sa. pU. 543 ane caMdraguptanA rAjyAMta I. sa. pU. 298 muke che. A aMtara kharAkhara 245 varSa che. yuddhanA samakAlIna mahAvIra che ane mahAvIranA nirvANuthI zrI bhadrabAhunA svargavAsanuM aMtara yugapradhAna paTTAvalI pramANe 170 varSa che. have je bhadrabAhu ane caMdragupta e mannene samakAlIna mAnavA hAya tA mI, smIthane buddhanirvANanI sAla pheravavI ja paDe. arthAt; mahAvIra nirvANuthI buddhanirvANune 16 varSa pahelAM mAnIe te te hisAbe, yudghanirvANu ane bhadrabAhuva vAsa e enI 170 + 16 = 182 varSanuM aMtara Ave. have jo bhadrabAhunA vaga vAsa ane candraguptanA rAjyAntae annane eka ja samaye lAvavA hoya teA, buddhanirvANu ane candragupta rAyAnta e bannenI vacce je 245 varSanuM a Mtara AvI paDe che tene echuM karavA ane 186nA aMtara para lAvavA pa9 varSa jeTalI mADI sAla buddhanirvANunI larjI javI paDe; athavA tA caMdraguptanA zabyAntane 59 varSa vahelA lAvavA paDe. teo tema karatA nathI ane bhadrabAhunI sAthe caMdraguptanI samAnakAlInatAneA svIkAra kare che ane vaLI e vIkAramAM AvI paDatI muzkelIne lIdhe nAnI praNAlIthAonA eka eka joDe temaja caMdraguptanI jaNAvelI AzA paDatI sAla sAthe meLa pADavA azakaya che.' ema lakhI rahyA che. mahAvIra nirvANuthI 170 varSe bhadrabAhu svastha thayA e evI rIte nizcita che ke, mI. smItha tA koipaNa rIte bhadrabAhu ane caMdraguptane samakAlIna mAnI ja zake nahi; kemake, te mahAvIranA samakAlIna buddha ne caMdragupta vacce 245 varSanuM aMtara mAnI rahyA che. mI. kArpenTIyara vigere, jee i. sa. pU. 467 varSe mahAvIra nirvANu mAne che, tenA mate bhadrabAhu ane caMdraguptanI samAnakAlInatA ghaTI zake che. A lekhanI mAnyatA paNa e ja che. virASa phakta tyAM che ke, caMdraguptanA zajyAMta ane bhadrabAhunA svargavAsa e samakAlIna nathI. kemake, bhadrabAhuno svarga'vAsa ma. ni. 170 varSe che, jyAre caMdraguptano rAjyAMta himavata therAvalImAM nAMdhelA rAjattvakAla pramANe ma. ni. 184 varSe ane purANAdimAM nAMdhelA rAjavakAla pramANe ma. ni. 179 vaSaeN che. zrI hemacaMdrasUrijI lakhe che ke, caMdragupta samAdhipUrvaka svarge sIdhAvyeA hateA. enA rAjavakAla daramIyAna zrI bhadrabAhu ane sthUlabhadra e e yugapradhAnenuM kramazaH astittva hatuM, ane te e yugapradhAnonA * 101 (134) zravaNamegAlanA cadragiri parvata paranA zilAlekhamAM ane arvAcIna digambara sAhitya, ke je vikramanI dazamI sadInI lagabhaga pachIthI lakhAyalu' che, temAM e hakIkatA lakhAyelI heAi, te tenAM AE'tata kAraNAthI ane anya digambara sAhityanA ja ullekhothI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ane mo candraguptanI sAthe sarvathA asaMgata thai paDe che,

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102 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. saMsargamAM kadAca Avyo haze,135 paraMtu ene jaina sAhityamAM ulekha thayo hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. AgaLa kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, caMdragupta yavana saradAra selyukasane harAvI tene saMdhi karavAnI pharaja pADI hatI. A saMdhi thayA bAda selyuse caMdraguptanI saMmatithI pitAno elacI megAsthanIsa pATalIputramAM rAkhyo hate. e elacIe pATalIputra viSe, caMdraguptanA darabAra viSe, rAjataMtra viSe, lazkarI baLa viSe ane anyAnya bAbato vize tathA bhAratane lagatI keTalI ya hakIkato viSe nedhapothI lakhI rAkhI hatI. e naMdhapothI saLaga ne akabaMdha rahevA pAmI nahi, paraMtu kahe che ke, tenA TukaDAo parathI hakIkate. tAravI kAlAMtare tarajumA karavAmAM AvyA hatA. e tarajumA ane evAM bIjAM tenI puravaNI rUpa sAdhana parathI tathA cANakayanA arthazAstra parathI te samayanuM avalokana aneka arvAcIna itihAsakAroe potAnA graMthomAM karyuM che. jijJAsue bahu ja vivekapUrvaka temAMthI satya tAravI te samayanA ItihAsathI vadhAre paricita thaI zakaze. ahi te have A samrATanI hakIkatane sameTatAM TuMkamAM eTaluM ja kahevAnuM che ke, caMdragupta pitAnA vArasaputranA mATe badhI ya rIte vyavasthita, sukhI, zAkta ane samRddha evuM vizAla magadha sAmrAjya mukI gayA hatA. A sAmrAjya pUrva samudra ane pazcima samudranI vacce, himAlayathI dakSiNe ane vAyavyamAM TheTha hindukuzanA pahADo sudhI vistareluM hatuM. caMdragupta avanti para subA tarIke kone nAme hato vigere jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI. (135) candragupatanA rAjyanI zarUAtanAM 12 varSa sudhI, zrIbhadrabAhu nepALanI taLeTImAM sthAnanimagna hatA ane zrIrathUlabhadra te samaye prathama samudrakinArAnA pradezamAM tathA pAchaLathI zrIbhadrabAhu sAthe hatA, tethI te samaye A banne yugapradhAnone samAgama candraguptane thayo hoya e saMbhavita nathI. A pachI zrIbhadrabAhu ma. ni. 168 thI 170 sudhI hayAta hatA, paNa te daramiyAna teo ane zrIrazUlabhaka bane avaziSTa pUrvonA vAcane levA devAmAM satata guMthAyelA hatA eTale temanAthI savizeSa jAhera pravRtti ghaNI ja echI thayelI hoI teo candraguTenI mAraphate dharmA prabhAvanA karavA karAvavAmAM jhAjho samaya ApI zakayA nahi ja hoya. zrI bhadrabAhunA ma. na. 070 varSe ravargastha thayA bAda zrIrathUlabhadra uttarAla vigeremAM vicaratA jaNAyA che tethI temane candraguptanI sAthe jhAjho prasaMga paDyo na paNa hoya. AvAM kAraNathI candragupta zra.bhadrabAhu ane raDyUlabhadranA saMsargamA dAca" Avyo haze ema huM saMbhAvanA tarIke ja lakhI rahyo chuM. bAkI A yugapradhAnanA samaye nandonuM rAjya hatuM ema je kalpanA karavAmAM Ave che te to AvazyakaNi, himavaMta therAvalI, vigerenA ukhe jotAM sarvathA mAtmaka che. ma. ni. 146 varSe zrIrathUlabhadre dIkSA lIdhI tyAre navame mahApadmananda rAjya karato hato. 16 rAjAo navanI saMkhyAmAM thayA che tethI A navame "mahApadma-mahApadma le ja na hato. ane A ghelA nanane ukheDI cAya candraguptane pATalIputrane rAjA banAve che e te niHzaMka hakIkata che. zrI hema candrasUri ke datakathAone dhyAnamAM laI candraguptane ma. ni. 155 varSa lAvatA nathI, paNa temanAthI 500 varSa pUrvanA ullekhane anusarIne ja lAve che e bhUlavuM joIe nahi.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 103 saMbhava che ke, teNe pitAnA putra bindusArane nIme hoya. caMdraguptathI laI mauryarAjasattA nAza pAmI tyAM sudhI ujayinInuM Adhipatya, puSyamitronAM 30 varSa ane zakanAM 4 varSa ema 34 varSa choDI daI bAkInA samayamAM, maunA hAthamAM ja rahyuM hatuM, e pharIthI jaNAvavAnI bhAgye ja jarUrIyAta che. bindusAra. 25 varSa, ma. ni. 184-209 (vi. saM. pU. rara6-ra01, I. sa. pU. 282-258) caMdragupta pachI teno yuvarAja putra bindusAra magaSasAmrAjyano samrATa banyo. "caMdraguptane koInA viSa prayogathI vikAra ke mRtyu na thAya te mATe cANakaye tene pratidina vadhatA krame viSamizrita annAhAra karAvavA mAMDayo hato. tenI rANI durdhara e atizaya rAgathI prerita thaI caMdraguptanI sAthe besI viSAtrane jamI rahI hatI. A jotAM ja garbhavatI te rANInA garbhane hAni thavAnI zaMkAe te mandIzvara tyAM deDI jaI " A zuM karyuM?" ema bolI UThayo. rANI te viSAnanA khAvA mAtrathI maraNa pAmI. paraMtu cANakaye tarata ja tenA peTane cIrI gajene bacAvI lIdhuM. A bacAvelA bALakane mAthe viSanuM bindu saMkrapyuM hatuM tethI cANakaye tenuM nAma "bindusAra" rAkhyuM. 136 zrI hemacaMdrasUrijInA AvA prakAranA kathana parathI jANavA maLe che ke A rAjAnuM nAma bindusAra hatuM. bauddhagraMtho paNa tene te nAmathI saMbaMdhe che paraMtu purANe tene "bhadrasAra, nandasAra, "vArisAra" nAmathI paNa lakhI rahyAM che. lAge che ke, paurANika A rAjAthI bahu paricita nathI. A rAjAnuM nAma "amitraketu" paNa jaNAvavAmAM Ave che. himavaMta therAvalI bindusAra rAjatvAkAla 25 varSa lakhe che. purANe paNa teTalAM ja varSa kahe che. paraMtu bauddhagraMthomAM tenAM 28 varSa lakhavAmAM Ave che. candraguptane 30 varSa (A lekha pramANe je 29 varSa che. rAjakAla lakhanAra therAvalI caMdraguptanAM 24 varSa lakhanAra purANe che ane boddhagraMthonI sAlavArIthI judI ja paDe e svAbhAvika che. ane tethI himavaMta therAvalI pramANe bindusAra rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 184 varSe zarU thAya che tyAre purANe ane bauddhagraMtho pramANe ma. ni. 179 varSe zarU thAya che. zrAvalI ane purANe bindusArane rAjavakAla 25 varSa, eTale sarakhe ja, mAne che. tepaNu rAjayAraMbhanI sAlamAM matabheda hevAthI bindusAranA rAjyAMtamAM paNa matabheda paDe che. vaLI purANe ane bauddhagraMtho rAjyAraMbhanI sAla eka ja mAne che, chatAM bisAranA rAjatvakAla vize. 25 varSa ane 28 varSa ema temanAmAM matabheda hovAthI rAjyAMtanI sAlamAM teo judAM paDI jAya che. A dhoraNe bindusAranI sAlavArI purANAnusAra ma. ni. 179-204 (vi. saM. 5. 231-206, (16) juo pariziSTa parva. sarga. 8 le. 43thI 443.

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104 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. I. sa. 5. 288-263) ane bauddhagraMthAnusAra a. ni 179-207 (vi saM. pU. 231 203, I. sa. pU. 288-260) sudhI Ave che. therAvalI anusAra sAlavArI te mathALe TakelI ja che. bindusArane zAbhiSeka thayo tyAre cANakaya hayAta hatA ane tenI mahAbuddhi e samrA tathA magadha sAmrAjayane daravaNI ApI rahI hatI. pariNAme tenuM sAmrAjya surakSita, samRddha ane majabUta banatuM ja rahyuM hatuM. tene vArasAmAM jainama maLyuM hatuM. zrIhemacaMdrasUri tenA dharma viSe kAMI bolatA nathI, paNa himavaMta zUrAvalI kahe che ke, te jaina dharmane ArAdhaka pravara zrAvaka hatA. 137 sarva dharmonI sAthe sahiSNutAthI vartavuM evI jainadharmanI sahaja nItine te vArasa hovAthI tenA sAmrAjyamAM talavAra, pIDana ke dabANane sthAna na hatuM. te sarva dharmane samAna bhAve ja madadagAra banate. eNe satro sthApyAM hatAM ane te bhedabhAva vinA puratI udAratAthI cAlatAM hatAM. dararoja te 60000 brAhmaNone jamADate hate; tethI evA ullekho thavA pAmyA che ke, te brAhmaNane eTale velikone anuyAyI hatuM. koIe bhulavuM joIe nahi ke, e samayamAM brAhmaNe vaidika ja na hatA, paNa bauddha ane mukhyatve karI jaina hatA. A vakhate vaidika saMpradAya te lAgavagahIna banI hA pAmI gayo hato. " azokane pitAnA rAjyanI zarUAtamAM vArasAgata jainatva maLyuM hatuM. 130 ema himavaMta zUrAvalI kahe che, tethI paNa siddha thAya che ke tene pitA bindusAra jenadhamI hate. pitAnA pitAnI jema azake paNa brahmapakSI eTale jJAnI brAhmaNane jamADavAnuM traNa varSa sudhI kAyama rAkhyuM hatu, ema bauddhagraMtha mahAvaMza kahe che. 139 ahiM brahmapakSI e vizeSaNa che te vaidika (13) "+ + hiMduttA vADhipuni je kizo ! ____se NaM jiNadhammArAhago pavarasaDDho jAo / " hima. therApR. 4 (mudita ) (138) " x x x aoko puttama ane oi . se vi ya Na pudvi jiNadhammANuNIo bhAsI / " hima therApR. 4 (mudrita) (19) "vitA kriSadarajJAni, rAkSane gaNapavidyA bhojesi so pite yeva, tINi vaslAni bhojayi // " -mahAvaMza 50 5, lo. 23. azenA mATe karelA uparokata ulekha parathI ane divyAvadAna, bedhisattAvAnAlpalatA, vigeremAM azoke "'-bauddhasaMdha tarapha karoDe sonAne dAnapravAha vahevaDAvyo hato evA karelA ulekhe parathI samajAya che ke, azakanI sarvasAmAnya dAnapravRttinI jenabhAvanAne palaTAvavA ane tene saMdhArAma taraphanI dAnapravRttimAM saMkucita banAvavA savizeSa prayatna thayA hatA. e prayatno amukAze saphaLa thayA che, paNa tenA zilAlekhethI samajAya che ke, tene vArasAmAM maLelI jenadharmanA amuka siddhAMtanI bhAvanAnI jema pUrvokta dAnapravRttinI bhAvanA paNa sarjAze 50Te pAmI na hatI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 15 brAhmaNanuM vyavacchedaka nahi, paNa brahmadhAraka game te dhamanI brAhmaNa vyaktinuM vya ka che. bisAre ane pitAnA rAjayanAM prathamanAM varSomAM azake, je vedikone ja jamADayA heta te, brAhmaNane mATe mahAvaMza brahmapAkSika evuM vizeSaNa, ke je vaidika, bauddha, jaina, e sarvane mATe sAdhAraNa che te vAparata ja nahi. jena tarIke AlekhavAmAM Agraha rAkhavAnuM jene kAMI kAraNa nathI ane je azokanuM jaina maTI bauddha banavAnuM dharmAtara taTasthabhAve AlekhI zake che evI himavaMtartharAvalI ane TAmasa sAheba vigere bindusAra jenadhanuyAyI kahe che te ja mane te satya lAge che. jainasAhityamAM bindusAranA nAme bahu alpa ja hakIkata noMdhAyelI che. te kevo ne keTalo parAkramI hato. teNe yuddha karI sAmrAjyamAM vadhAro karyo hato ke kema, vigere bAbatene javAba ApaNane tyAMthI bhAgye ja maLe che. bauddhalekhaka tArAnAtha pazcimI samudra ane pUrvIya samudra vaccenA dviIpakalpanA amuka hada sudhInA bhAganA vijetA tarIke tene lakhe che. paNa mI. smItha e chatane saMbhava caMdragupta ane bindusAra ane mAM ca mAnI spaSTa nirNaya para AvatA nathI. chatAya e pradeza azokane vArasAmAM ja maLyo hato ema teo mAnI e chatane azokanA pUrvagAmIonI hevAnuM te temaNe jaNAvyuM ja che. bindusAranA rAjatvakAlanAM zarUAtanAM varSomAM cANakaya hayAta hato. amuka varSo pachI eNe pitAnA mAthethI kAmagIrIne bhAra ocho karavAnI khAtara pote ja subadhu nAmanI eka vyaktine mantrIpade nIme hate. cANakayanA dakSiNayathI pitAne A pada maLyuM che e upakArane bhUlI jaI dabuddhi subadhue sarvathA vatanya rIte maMtrI banavAnI khAtara cANAkayanuM varcasva teDavAno nizcaya karyo. cANApe garbhamAM rahelA bindusArane bacAvavA tenI mRta mAtAnuM peTa cIrI bahAra kADhayo hate, e hakIkatano bhedanIti tarIke upayoga karI A subae bindusArane evI rIte vyuigrAhita karyo ke, cANakya tenI-bindusAranI mAtAne ghAtaka che. A pachI bindusAranI cANAya para arUci thaI. subadhunA kRtyane cANakya samajI gayo. tenI vRddhAvasthAe ane dhArmikavRttie tene have rAjakAryamAM vadhAre graMthAI rahevAnI nA pADI. te tarata ja kAyathI nivRtta thaI AtmArtha sAdhavA ughukta thayo A pachI bahu alpa samayamAM ja subadhunI bhedanIti bindusAranI dhAvamAtAnA mukhathI khullI thaI jatAM bindusArane pazcAttApa thayo ane teNe cANakayane choDelI mankIdhurA pharIthI vahana karavA vinaMti karI, paraMtu cANakya e vahana karavA pAcho na karyo ane alpa samayamAM A jagatane cheDI-samAdhipUrvaka-mRtyune pAmI svarge sIdhA. kahe che ke, anazana pUrvaka maravAne mATe-vIramRtyuthI AtmArtha sAdhavAne mATe taiyAra thayelA e mahAnubhAvane jIvatAM ja bALI nAkhavA, subadhue bindusAranI AgaLa cANakayanA saMbaMdhamAM thayelI potAnI gerasamaja kabulI cANakayanI pUjA karavAno prasaMga meLavyuM hatuM ane sevA karavAnA bahAnA nIce tyAM rahelAM chANAMomAM agnine prakSepa karyo hato. kRtanI subadhune paNa

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. enA duSkRtyane purepuro badalo maLI gayo hate. AtmArthe ughukta thavA pahelAM cANAye goThavelA prayogathI e subadhu mantrInI pAsethI sadAnAM sukha ane zAnti cAlyAM gayAM hatAM. bindusAre tene nirvAsita karyo hoya ke svayaM nivasita thaye heya, game tema paNa tenuM jIvana A pachIthI mRtyunA karatAM ya ghaNuM ja kharAba ane rajhaLatuM rakhaDatuM thaI gayuM hatuM. 140 viSNugupta athavA keTalayanA nAme oLakhAtA, candraguptanA rAjavaMzanA vidhAtA cANakayanI sukhadhu prasaMganI hakIkata lakhatAM zrI hemacaMdrasUri tene zraddhALu jena tarIke ja Alekhe che. pachI bhalene, tenuM e jainatva atyacca AcAranI haroLanuM na hoya, sAmrAjayanA mahAna saMcAlaka eka mandIzvara tarIke amuka hadamAM maryAdita heya. samrATa bindusAranA rAjayano vistAra ane tenuM baMdhAraNIya taMtra. tenA pitA caMdraguptanA samayamAM je hatuM. temAM bhAgye ja phera paDI hate; chatAM ema lAge che ke, teno rASTra parano kAbu kaMIka ocho thayo haze. kAraNa ke tenA putra azokanA saMbaMdhamAM lakhatAM himavaMta zaizavalI saurASTra Adi dezane svAdhIne karavAnI vAta kahI rahI che 141 nizIthacaNi. kAra te saurASTra jItavAnI vAta saMpratinA nAme caDhAve che, 14 jyAre kaparNikAra saurASTra jItavAnI e vAta spaSTa lakhatA ja nathI. A sarva parathI mAnavAne kAraNa maLe che ke caMdragupta saurASTra jatI tyAM su nImyA hatA, ke jenI mAraphata sudarzana taLAva banAvarAvyuM hatuM paraMtu bindusAranA samayamAM te subAgirie svatannatA pakaDI haze, jethI azoke te pradezane pharI pitAne svAdhIna karI tyAM pelo giranArane suprasiddha zilAlekha katarAvyo hatuM. A pachI azokanuM mRtyu thayA bAda ke tenA mRtyunI najIkanAM chellAM varSomAM saurASTranA subAe svataMtratA dhAraNa karI haze ke jethI saMpratine tene tAbe karavA prayatna karavo paDayo hate. nArAjAonA samayathI ja magadha sAmrAjyanA prAMtamAM mahAmAtra subAe nImavAmAM AvatA hatA, temAM avantinA subAnuM sthAna vadhAre gauravavaMtu hatuM. nandajAo avatimAM subApade rAjavaMzIyane ja namatA ke kema e jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI, paraMtu azokanA samayamAM ujajayinInI "bhakita' yuvarAjane ja apAtI hatI evA spaSTa lekhathI jaNAya che ke, caMdraguptanA samayathI ujajayinInA sUbApade yuvarAja ke rAjakumArane ja nImavAnI prathA haze. mauyonA samayamAM ujayinInuM sthAna pATalIputrathI jhAjhu utaratuM na hatuM. bindusAranA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM tyAM azaka subA tarIke hate, ke je tenA pachI camrATu che. (140) subadhu ane cANakyanuM aMtima jANavA mATe juve pariziSTa parva. sa. 8 zle. 46 thI 469. (141) " (mo) &iA-madu-phAi-kava irahIfja zikA-" hima therA, pR 4 (mukita) (142) "teNa suravisayo aMdhA damilA ya oyaviyA"

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya azokagnI 35 varSa, ma. ni. 209-244 (vi. saM. pR. 201-166, I. sa. pU. 258-223) bindusAra pachI tene putra azakazrI magadha sAmrAjyanI rAjadhAnI pATalIputranA siMhAsane Avyo hato. sAmAnya rIte te azoka ke azakavardhana tarIke oLakhAya che. bindusArane ghaNA putra hatA temAM eka hatuM, ema bohagraMthamAM kahevAyuM che. jainasAhitya e viSe kAMI bolatuM nathI. chellAM so varSothI bahu bahu rIte itihAsanA pAne cItarAtA A rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM himavaMta zUrAvalI sivAya anya jainasAhi. tya kAMipaNa bolatuM nathI, sivAya ke tene putra kuNAla kevI rIte aMdha bane ane e aMdha kuNAlane putra saMprati kevI rIte magadha sAmrAjayane joktA bane. jainasAhitya ane samaya ke sAlavArI nedhatuM nathI. phakta, himavaMtathezavalI te viSe lakhI jaNAve che ke, ma. ni. 200 varSa bindusAranA mRtyu bAda azoka gAdIe AvyuM hatuM ane te ma. ni. 244 varSe paraloka-mRtyu pAmyA hatA. bauddhagraMtha biMdu sAranuM mRtyu ma. ni. 207 varSe mAnI, tyArathI 4 varSa tene anabhiSikta rAjA tarIke gaNI, tene rAjyAbhiSeka ma, ni. 211 varSe muke che; jyAre puNe bindusAranuM mRtyu ma. ni. 204 varSe mAnI te pachI azokane lAve che ane tene rAjavakAla 36 varSa lakhe che, e hisAbe azokanuM mRtyu ma. ni. 240 varSe Ave; paraMtu, je purANene gherAvalI sAthe samanvaya kare heya te, bauddhagrathanI jema, 4 varSa azoka anabhiSikta rahyo hato ema mAnI e 4 varSa purAukta 36 azAkane rAjatvakAla 40 varSa mAnIe to tenuM mRtyu ma. ni. 244 varSe Ave. bauddhagraMthakta azokano 37 varSa rAjavaMkAla paNa, 4 varSa anabhiSikta azakanAM ane 33 varSa rAjayAbhiSeka pachInAM ema mAnatA, azokanuM mRtyu ma. ni. 244 varSe Ave ja che. Ama azokanA rAjyatane samaya eka ja sAlamAM sarvamate lAvI zakAya che, paraMtu tenA rAjatvakAlanI AdimAM na samajI zakAya te matabheda hevAthI bauddhagraMtho purANethI 3 varSa pachI ane himavaMtathezAvalI bauddhagraMthithI 2 varSa pachI azekanA rAja svakAlanI Adi mAne che, A spaSTa matabheda bindusAranI bImArI daramIyAna azoke rAjavahIvaTa karyo ane bisAranA mRtyu pachI vArasAhakanI takarAra ubhI thaI, e baMnemAMthI game te eka kAraNane lIdhe yA te baMne kAne lIdhe hatuM ke kema, e nirNaya kara mukela che. aze e paricita hovAne laIne paNa e matabheda paDavA saMbhava che. Ama chatAM ane rAjayAbhiSeka ma. ni. 211 varSe thayo hato e vadhAre saMbhavita ja nahi, paraMtu sAcI bInA che. huM pahelAM lakhI gayo chuM ke, bauddhagaNanAe chele nanda pATalIputrathI khasI ye te pachI 14 varSe teNe anyatra rAjaya karyuM te 14 varSa potAnI gaNatarImAM vadhAre laI, bunivaNathI

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108 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 16ra varSe caMdraguptane rAjyAbhiSeka, 218 varSe azokano rAjyAbhiSeka ane zreNikanA rAjyAbhiSekathI 11 varSe azakane rAjyAMta kahyo che, paraMtu je e bhUlabharelA vadhArAnAM 14 varSa na gaNIe te, kharI rIte buddhanirvANathI 148 varSe candraguptane rAjyAbhiSeka, 204 varSe azAkane rAjyAbhiSeka ane zreNikanA rAjyAbhiSekathI 297 varSe azokane rAjyAta Ave; mahAvIra nirvANuthI buddhanirvANa 7 varSa pachI ane zreNika rAjyAbhiSeka pa3 varSa pahelA che. e hisAbe caMdraguptane rAjyAbhiSeka ma. ni. 155 varSe, azokane rAjyAbhiSeka ma. ni. 211 varSa ane azakane rAjadhAMta ma. ni. 244 varSe baMdha besata thaI jAya che. himavatagherAvalI ma. ni. 209 varSa azokanA rAjyanI A lakhatA anabhiSiktakAla ane abhiSiktakAla e vibhAga pADatI ja nathI. anya jainasAhitya saMgratinA prasaMga sivAya azoka viSe kAMI lakhatuM nathI, paraMtu himavaMtartharAvalI tenA viSe A pramANe lakhe che - azaka pahelA jainadharmAnuyAyI hate paNa rAjya prAptithI cAra varSa pachI te bauddhazramane pakSa karI potAnuM priyadarzI" avuM bIjuM nAma sthApI bauddhadharmanI ArAdhanA mAM tatpara thayo. bhAre vikramazALI e rAjAe kaliMga, mahArASTra, saurASTra vigere dezone jItI tyA bauddhadharmane pracAra karavA pUrvaka aneka boddha vihAre banAvarAvyA, cAvatu pazcima parvata vidhyAcalanI taLeTI vigeremAM teNe bauddhAdi zramaNa-zramaNIone comAsAmAM rahevA mATe aneka le-guhAgRho ketarAvyAM ane tyAM vividha AsanavALI aneka boddhapratimAo sthApanA karI. giranAra parvata vigere bhinna bhinna sthAnamAM stUpa, zilA, vigere para pitAnA nAmathI aMkita evA AjJAkho teNe ketarAvyA, siMhala, cIna, brahmadeza, Adi dvIpamAM bauddhadharmane vistAra karavA mATe e rAjAe pATalIputramAM bauddhasAdhuone gamelApaka-saMgha sigati karI tenA sammati pramANe aneka bauddhasAdhuone te te dezamAM moka9yA. jainadharmanA zramaNa-zramaNIonuM paNa sanmAna karate te temanA prati kayAre ya deva dhAraNa karate na hato."143 (143) "se ghi ya NaM puci jiNadhammANuNIo bhAsI / pacchA rajjalAhAo cauvAsANaMtaraM sugayasamaNapakkhaM kAUNa NiyaM ducaM piyadaMsINAmadhijja ThAittA sugayaparUpiyadhagmArAhaNaparA jAmI bhaIvikamAkaMtamahIyalamaMDalA se kaliMga-marahaTTa-surahAi-jaNavayANi sAhiNANi kiccA tattha sugayaghammavittharaM kAUNANage sugayadhagmavittharaM kAUNANaMge sugaryAvahArA ThAiyA jAva pacchimAMgarimma vijjhAyalAisu sugayAisamaNa-samINaM vAsAvAsamadRNage leNA kiNAiyA, aNege sugayADamAo vivihAsadviA tattha ThAimA / unjitasalAraNANAThANesu NiyaNAkiyA mANAlehA thUbhasilAisu ukvinnaaiyaa| sIhala-cINabaMbhAidIvesu sugayadhammavittharaheM pAliputtammi jayare sugayasamaNANaM gaNamelAvarga kiccA tassa gaM sammayANusAreNaM aNege sogayasamaNA tattha teNa pesiyA / jiNadhammiNaM NiggaMThaNiggaMThINaM vi sammANaM kuNamANo se tANaM pai kayA vi dosaM Na ptto|" hima gherA 5. 4 (mukita)

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110 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ni. 214 mAM azake dharma parivartana karyuM hatuM. zilAzAsana naM. 1 no artha besADa mI. mIthane agharA lAge che, "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza'nA lekhakane paNa e zilAlekhanA amuka pAThamAM nizcitatA nathI, enuM kAraNa temAM darzAvela "256' saMkhyAMka ane tenI sahastrAmanI nakalanA "ku varSanA ruti (6) sattA vivuthA-ti e akSaro kaThINu ane anizcita jaNAyA hoya tema lAge che. mane lAge che ke, e aMka ane akSarono artha keTalAko-sahasrAmanI nakala pramANe " A zrAvaNa (saMkhyAmAM) bhRSTae (saMbhaLAvyuM che). kAraNake, baso vadhatA chappana vyaktie pheraNIe nIkaLI paDI che. AvI rIte karI rahyA che tema nahi, paraMtu "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMzamAM " yaha upadeza buddhane 256 (varSa pUrve ?) sunAyA thA" AvI rIte anuvAdita thayA che te rIte ja che. kAraNake, A lekhanuM pharamAna bahAra paDayuM tyAre, buddha pitAnI 35 varSanI vaye buddhatva pAmI upadeza Apa zarU karyo tyArathI 256 varSa vItyAM hatAM, athavA te 256 muM varSa cAlatuM hatuM. naM. 1 nA A nAnA zilAthAsananI zarUAtamAM azoka kahe che ke - "hAI vaSase adhika hue ki meM upAsaka huvA haiMparatu eka varSa taka pUrI unnati nahIM kI para eka varSase adhika huA kI mane saMghameM praveza kiyA aura acachI unnati kI" Ano artha e thAya che ke, azoka bauddha thayA pachI eka varSa sAmAnya upAsaka rahyo paNa pachI raDha varSa eTale A zilAlekhavALuM pharamAna karyuM tyAM sudhImAM teNe boddhasaMghanI pravRtimAM saMvizeSa bhAga lIdhe. pitAnA rAjyAbhiSekathI 4 thA varSe bauddha thayA ane te pachI aDhI varSe A pharamAna kADhayuM ema sArA 6 varSa rAjyAbhiSekathI A pharamAna sudhImAM thayAM. buddhanA dharmapracArathI nirvANa sudhInAM varSa, 80-3545 che40 ane nirvANuthI aze. kane rAjayAbhiSeka 204 varSa che, e bane maLI 249 varSa thayAM emAM rAjyAbhiSekathI pharamAna sudhInAM uparokta 6 varSa meLavIe 255 varSa thAya, ane A gatavarSa hatAM uparokta zilAlekhanA pharamAna vakhate cAlu 256 muM varSa hatuM. buddhanA dhamapracArathI naM. 1 nA zilAzAsana sudhInAM 256 0rSa hetAM, himavaMta therAvalInI gaNatarIthI azoka pitAnI rAjyaprAptithI 4 varSa pachI ane bauddhagaNatarIthI te rAjyAbhiSeka pachI 4 thI varSe eTale ma. ni. 214 mAM 49 bauddha upAsaka thayo hate ema siddha thAya che. Ama (148) zrIbuddha dharmopadeza devAnuM kArya 35 varSanI vaye zarU karyuM hatuM ane teo 80 varSanI vaye parinirvANa pAmyA hatA, te hisAbe prathama upadezathI parinirvANa sudhInAM 80-35=45 varSa thAya. bunirvANathI ahi buddhakaivalya nahi paNa buddhaparinirvANa samajavAnuM che. (149) himavaMta zUrAvalI ma. vi. thI 29 varSa va tyA bAda azokanuM ratna lakhe che eTale ma. ni. 210mAM azokanuM rAjya ane te pachI 4 varSa vItyA bAda eTale ma ni. thI 213 varSa che vItyA bAda azokanuM bauddhadhama mAM parivartana thayuM hatuM ema samajavuM, jyAre bauhAgraMtha buha parinirvANa 204mAM eTale ma. ni. 211mAM azonuM rAya lakhe che ane tethI cothA varSamAM eTale ma. ni. 214mAM bauddha thayAnuM lakhe che.

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110 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ni. 214 mAM azake dharma parivartana karyuM hatuM. zilAzAsana naM. 1 ne artha besADa mI. smIthane agharA lAge che, "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMzanA lekhakane paNa e zilA. lekhanA amuka pAThamAM nizcitatA nathI, enuM kAraNa temAM darzAvela "256' saMkhyAMka ane tenI sahastrAmanI nakalanA "lu varSanA strAti (6) sattA viguNA-ti e akSaro kaThINa ane anizcita jaNAyA hoya tema lAge che. mane lAge che ke, e aMka ane akSarone artha keTalAke-sahasrAmanI nakala pramANe "A zrAvaNa (saMkhyAmAM) bhRSTae (saMbhaLAvyuM che). kAraNake, baso vadhatA chappana vyaktie pheraNIe nIkaLI paDI che." AvI rIte karI rahyA che tema nahi, paraMtu "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza'mAM " yaha u5deza buddhane 256 (varSa pUrve ?) sunAyA thA" AvI rIte anuvAdita thayo che te rIte ja che. kAraNake, A lekhanuM pharamAna bahAra paDayuM tyAre, buddha pitAnI 35 varSanI vaye buddhatva pAmI upadeza Ape zarU karyo tyArathI 256 varSa vItyAM hatAM, athavA te 256 muM varSa cAlatuM hatuM. naM. 1 nA A nAnA zilAgAsananI zarUAtamAM azeka kahe che ke - "hAI vase adhika hue ki meM upAsaka havA huM paraMtu eka varSa taka pUrI unnati nahIM kI para eka varSase adhika haba kI mane saMghameM praveza kiyA aura acchI unnati kI" Ano artha e thAya che ke, azoka boddha thayA pachI eka varSa sAmAnya upAsaka rahyo paNa pAchaLa reDha varSa eTale A zilAlekhavALuM pharamAna karyuM tyAM sudhImAM teNe boddhasaMghanI pravRtimAM saMvizeSa bhAga lIdhe. pitAnA rAjyAbhiSekathI 4 thA varSe bauddha thaye ane te pachI aDhI varSe A pharamAna kADhayuM ema sArA-6 varSa rAjyAbhiSekathI A pharamAna sudhImAM thayAM. buddhanA dharmapracArathI nirvANa sudhInAM varSa, 80-35-45 che48 ane nirvANuthI aze. kano rAjyAbhiSeka 204 varSe che, e bane maLI 249 varSa thayAM emAM zAjyAbhiSekathI pharamAna sudhInAM uparokta 6 varSa meLavIe 255 varSa thAya, ane A gatavarSa hatAM uparokta zilAlekhanA pharamAna vakhate cAlu 256 muM varSa hatuM. buddhanA dhamapracArathI naM. 1 nA zilAzAsana sudhInAM 256 0rSa hatAM, himavata therAvalInI gaNatarIthI azoka pitAnI rAjyaprAptithI 4 varSa pachI ane bauddhagaNatarIthI te rAjyAbhiSeka pachI 4 thI varSe eTale ma. ni. 214 mAM 49 bauddha upAsaka thaye hatuM ema siddha thAya che. Ama (148) zrIbuddha dharmopadeza devAnuM kArya 35 varSanI vaye zarU karyuM hatuM ane teo 80 varSanI vaye parinirvANa pAmyA hatA, te hisAbe prathama upadezathI parinirvANa sudhInAM 80-35=5 varSa thAya. buddhanirvANathI ahi buddhakaivalya nahi paNa buddhaparinirvANa samajavAnuM che. (19) himavaMta therAvalI ma. mi. thI 29 varSa vItyA bAda azokanuM rAjya lakhe che eTale ma. ni. 210 mAM azokanuM rAjya ane te pachI 4 varSa vItyA bAda eTale ma ni. thI 213 varSa ka vItyA bAda cokanuM bauddhadharmamAM parivartana thayuM hatuM ema samajavuM, jayAre bauhasaM muhaparinirvANa 204mAM eTale ma. ni. 211mAM azonuM rAjya lakhe che ane tethI cethA varSamAM eTale ma. ni. 214mAM bauddha thayAnuM lakhe che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 111 rAvalI, bauddha ane zilAlekhathI siddha thatI hakIkatane na mAnatAM azokanuM dharma parivartana tenA zayAbhiSekathI nava varSe eTale ma ni. 220 varSe kevala kalpanAnA AdhAre ja laI javuM e sarvathA anucita che. AthI samajAze ke, saMzodhake je, "kaliMganI jItanA samaye thayelA naranANAdi vinAzanA pazcAttApe azokanuM bauddhadharma prati AkarSaNa thaI rAjyAbhiSekathI daza varSo vItyA bAda te saMdhi kane gaye (tenI) zikAra vigerethI yukta evI vihAyAtrA baMdha thaI ane dhArmika hetuone poSaNa karatI dharmayAtrA sthApana thaI" AvI rIte azokanA AThamA mukhya zilAlekhanA ASAra kahI rahyA che, te eka bhramaNA ja che. azokane kaliMganA vinAzanA kAraNe zoka ane pazcAtApa thayuM hatuM ane teNe zastravi japa karatAM dharmavijaya ja kartavya tarIke svIkAryo hate, e sarva vArasAgata janatvanI ane svIkRta bauddhatvanI asaranuM pariNAma hatuM. ahiM e savAla thAya ke, pahelAM jana ane pachI bauddha e eka azoka je mahArAjA khUnarejI bhareluM yuddha khelI zake ke? hA. khelI zake banatI sarva rIte yuddhanA AvI paDatA prasaMge TALavA pUrvaka gRhasthAno ane temAM paNa khAsa karIne rAjadvArI jIvana jIvanArAone jaina zAstra praNIta sarvAga suMdara evo paNa ahiMsAdharma bhinna bhinna viSayomAM avanavI maryAdAmAM hoya che, ema jaina itihAsa parathI jANavA maLe che, te pachI bauddhazAstrapaNIta ahiMsAnA upAsakonA mATe kahevuM ja zuM? azoka kaliMganA yuddha mATe zoka-pazcAttApa kare che te, AvI paDeluM yuddha laDayo te mATe nahi, paraMtu vijaya meLavI kaliMgane parAdhIna karavA yuddha laDayo te mATe. je ema na mAnIe te, bauddhagraMthanA ane tenA zilAlekhenA keTalAka ulekhene paraspara meLa ja na maLI zake. bauddhagraMthomAM 50 kahevAyuM che ke; "biMdusAranI bImArInA samaye azoka ujayinImAM hatuM, tenA pitAnI bImArInA samAcAra maLatAM ja te pATalI putra AvyA. A pachI tene rItasara rAjyAbhiSeka 4 thA varSe thayo hato. daramIyAna teNe potAnA eka laghu baMdhu sivAya sarva baMdhuonI katala karI nAMkhI. evI rIte bIjI paNa keTalIka nirdaya sAphasuphI karI te rItasara magadha sAmrAjyano samrATa baLe." bauddharANa tiSyarakSitAnI sAthe tene lagnasaMbaMdha thayA pachI paNa, joke te bauddhadharma svIkAra karI cUkyuM hatuM chatAM ya tenAmAM ugratA, krUratA ane asahiSNutA hatI evA ullekho bauddha sAhityamAMthI maLI Ave che. tenA sthApelA narakAlayanI kahANI evA ja tenA svabhAvanI sAkSI pure che. vaLI tyAM ema paNa kahevAyuM che ke, "tenA putra kuNAlane aMdha banAvavAmAM sAmela thanArA pAMcase matrIone teNe katala karyA hatA." arvAcIna keTalAka ItihAsakArane 51 bauddhanA azokanA saMbaMdhI uparokata (15) divyAvadAna vigere. (11) mI. smItha vigere, juvo ma. smIthano ullekha "hindustAnane prAcIna itihAsa" (gu. 1. se.) pR. 208

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112 avatinuM Adhipatya ulekhe vizvasanIya lAgatA nathI, teo kahe che ke, "azokanA zilAzAsanemAM tene eka karatAM vadhAre bhAIo hovAne ulekha che, tethI teNe bhAIonI karelI katalanI reMdhe, pahelAM bauddha nahote tyAre ke asuMdara hatuM ane bauddha thayA pachI ke suMdara banyuM hatuM, evI bauddhadharmanI suMdaratA ane sarasAI batAvavAnA hetuthI atizakti rUpe ja thayelI che." Ama chatAM "azokane rAjyAbhiSeka thavAmAM lagabhaga cAra varSa jeTalo samaya laMbAya e eka hetuthI tenA vArasAhaka mATe kaI vadha paDelo have joIe." ema te e itihAsakAro mAne che ane lakhe che ke, "tenuM rAjyArohaNa tathA kArakIdI zAMtithI pasAra thayAM hatAM." bindusAranA mRtyusamaye azokamAM jainadharmane vArasa ke ne keTale pariNata hate e jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI. zramaNAtinA samAgamamAM AvI te viziSTa zramaNopAsaka banyo hoya evo ullekha paNa jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. kadAca vArasAgata jainatva tenI kUratAne mAphaka na AvyuM hoya ane te jainadharmathI udAsIna banyuM hoya. AvI jenaravanI sAmAnya sthitimAM bhAIonI katala ke evI kaI anya prakAranI niyatA teNe AcarI heya ane tene ullekha bauddhagraMthoe karyo hoya e banavA joga che; paraMtu tenI sAthe e paNa banavA joga che ke, tenA rAjyAbhiSekanI pUrve, kahevAmAM Ave che tema, vArasAhamAM vadhe uThayo hoya te, te vAMdhAne nirdayatAthI nikAla karavA tene anivArya , pharaja paDI hoya. tenI dharmalipimAM jaNAvyA pramANe vyApakanItinuM ane zramaNasaMsthAne anukUla dhamanuM pAlana karavA karAvavAmAM te rajA udAra ane namra hoya; temaja bauddhagraMtha ane himavaMtathezAvalInA kathana pramANe te bauddhadharmanA pavitra sthAnenI mulAkAta lenAra, pitAnA rAjyAbhiSekanA 18 mA varSe eTale ba. ni. 222 eTale ma. ni. 229mA varSe trIjI bauddhasaMgIti bharanAra ane pachI bauddhadharmanA pracAra mATe bahu bahu prayatna karanAra tathA bauddhasaMghanI keTalIka bAbatamAM saMdhAna ane sudhAraNA karavAnA kAryamAM mathanAra heya, chatAM jayAre rAjyaprAptimAM tene anucita jaNAtAM kAraNe AgaLa dharI vAMdho uThAvAta hoya ke kuNAla jevA sarvathA yogya vArasane aMdha banAvI devAmAM ane sAmrAjayane avyavasthita karI mukavAmAM adhama kAvatarAM racAtAM hoya tyAre te anudAra banI sakhta hAthe kAma lenAra nIvaDayo hoya e banavA joga che. AvA samaye vArasAgata jainava ke svIkRta bauddhatvathI tene zilAlekhamAM jaNAvyA jeTaluM udAra ke namra ane zraddhALu zahevA na paravaDayuM hoya athavA te evI udAratA ke namratAmAM zraddhA hatAM chatAM temAM tene lAbhane badale vizeSa hAni samajAI hoya. mane to lAge che ke, kaliMganI chata meLavavAmAM paNa evI ja keI anivArya pharaja tenA mAthe AvI paDI haze, ke je viSe ApaNe sAva ajANa chIe. bauddhadharma svIkAra karyA pachI pAMceka varSe eTale ma. ni. 219 varSe ene e pharaja bajAvavI paDI hatI ema tenA teramA

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avaMtinuM badhiratya. 113 zilAlekhanA cAlu vaMcAyelA pAThathI samajAya che. e pATha "adarA (1) jiritA (9) vAraM jivA viSine DhAkane vADhi vinitA" (ATha varSathI abhiSita devAnAM priya priyadarzI' rAjAe kaliMgane vijaya karyo) AvI rIte vaMcAyo che te pramANe, rAjayA bhiSekathI ATha varSe kaliMga jItavAnI tene anivArya pharaja AvI paDI heta te, tene je zeka-pachAttApa thayo che te kadAca na ja thAta ema mane lAge che. saMbhava che ke, tene ugra zoka ane pazcAttApa karAvanArUM e yuddha teNe bahu ja ghaDAyalI dhArmikavRttinA samayamAM, eTale himavaMtabherAvalI kahe che tema ma ni. 23 varSe, arthAta; tenA rAjyAbhiSekathI 28 varSe laDI lIdheluM hovuM joIe, nahi ke 8 varSa. himavaMtartharAvalI spaSTatAthI lakhe che ke -"vaizAlIne ceTakamahArAjA caMpAnA keNika rAjAnI sAthenA yuddhamAM svargastha thaye tyAre tene eka zobhanarAya nAmane putra tyAMthI khasI jaI potAnA sasarA kaliMganA mahArAjA sulecananA zaraNe gayo. e sucana aputrIyA tarIke mRtyu pAmatAM zobhanarAyane kaliMganuM rAjya Apate ga. ma. ni. 18 varSe kaliMganA kanakapuramAM zobhanarAyane rAjyAbhiSeka thayo hato. A zobhanarAyanI pAMcamI peDhIe caMDarAya Avyo hato, ke jenA para AThamA nane caDhAI karI hatI ane te kaliMgamAMnI svarNamaya RSabhadevanI pratimA pATalIputramAM laI gayo hato, A caMDazAya pachI be peDhIo vItyA bAda eTale zuMbhanAyathI AThamI peDhIe kSemarAja Avyo, ke je kaliMgamAMnA hAthIguphAvALA suprasiddha lekhanA kotarAvanAra khAravelane dAde te hatuM ane jene e rIte ja tyAM ullekha thayele paNa jovAmAM Ave che. A kSemarAjane rAjyAbhiSeka ma. ni. 227 varSe thayo hate. A kSemarAjanA rAjattvakAla daramIyAna ma. ni. 239 varSe azake kaliMga para caDhAI karI kSemarAjane pitAnI AjJA manAvI tyAM pitAne gupta (caMdragupta) saMvatsara pravartAvyo hato." 152 (152) "aA vepAchI lero jillo sirimAvattirazAdo ramaLobaaso AsI / seNaM NiyabhAiNijjeNaM (?) caMpAhiveNaM kUNigeNaM saMgAme ahiNikkhitto aNasaNaM kiccA saggaM ptto| sohaNarAyaNAmadhijjo putto tao uccaliyo Niyasasurassa kaliMgAhivassa suloyaNaNAmadhijjasla saraNaM gao / suloyaNo viNiputto te sohaNarAyaM kaliMmarajje ThAvAttA parakoAtihI jaao| teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM dhIrAo aTThArasavA sesu vizkatesu se sohaNarAo kaliMgavisae kaNagapurammi rajje abhisitto / sedhiyaNaM jiNadhammarao tattha titthabhUe kumaragirimmi kayajatto ukviTTho samaNovAsago hosthA / tassa se paMcamo caMDarAyaNAmadhijjo Nivo vIrAoNaM igasayAhiya-mauNapannAsesu bAsesu vizkatesu kaliMgarajje Thio / tayA NaM pADaliputtAhivo aTThamo NaMdaNivo micchattaMdho maIbalohAvaMto kaliMgadesa pADiUNa puci tittharuSakumaragirimmi seNiyaNivakAriyajiNapAsAyaM bhaMjittA sopaNNiya-usajiNapaDimaM cittaNa pADaliputtaM patto / tayaNaMtaraM tattha kaliMge 15.

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114 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. gherAvalInA ullekhanA uparokta bhAvArtha parathI e spaSTa che ke, azoke ma. ni, 239 varSe kaliMganA rAjA kSemarAjane jItI tene pitAnI AjJA manAvavAnI pharaja pADI hatI. A 239 nI sAla lakhavAmAM koIpaNa rIte azuddhi thaI hoya ema paNa mAnI zakIe tema nathI, kAraNa ke, ma. ni. 227 varSe kSemarAjanA rAjavakAlanI Adine ulekha A 23nnA ullekhanI pahelAM thayelo che. have je azokanA teramA mukhya zilAlekha pramANe tenI kaliMgaparanI caDhAI tenA rAjyAbhiSekathI 8 varSe mAnIe te e jIta ma. ni. 219 varSe Ave ane kaliMgamAMnA dhavalInA zilAlekha pramANe azake tesalInA nagaramahAmAtrane karAyelI sUcanA te pachInAM varSomAM thayelI hoI, tenuM kotarakAma saMzodhakonA kahevA mujaba, tuM bhalekhonA kotarakAma pachI thayuM hoya te, te azokanA rAjyAbhiSekanAM ra7 varSa pachI eTale ma. ni 238 varSa pachI Ave. Ama kaliMgane vijaya ane dhavalInA zilAlekhanI kotaraNI vacce 20 varSathI paNa vadhAre antara paDe che, ke je aMtara dhavalI ane pAvagaDhanA zilAlekhe mAMnI hakIkateno abhyAsa karatAM be traNa varSanuM ja hovuM joIe tenA karatAM ghaNuM ja vadhAre heI, asaMgata lAge che. je huM bhUlato na houM te, azokanAM dhavalI (dhaulI) ane yAvagaDha (gaDha)mAM kotarAyelAM pharamAna sthAnika ane avyApaka che; kAraNa ke, azake tema chatAyalA kaliMganA AjJAMkita rAjAne evI sUcanA ApI che ke, teNe teTalI ane samApAnA nagaramahA mAtrane mArA hAmarUpe A rIte kahevuM. chatAyalA paNa nahi chatAyalAnI jema aMkuzane nahi gaNakAratA, kaliMganA vAyavya ne uttaramAM AvelA ATavya pradezanA lokonI sAthe te salInA nagaramahAmAtree kevI rIte vartavuM ane nahi chatAyalAM pADezanAM + sAthe samApAnA nagaramahAmAtroe kevI rIte vartavuM ene nirdeza uparAta hukamamAM karAyelo che. himavaMtabherAvalI khAravelanA pUrvaja zobhanAyane zAlInA ceTakane putra lakhe jaNavae tassaNaM sohaNarAyassa vase aTThamo khemarAyaNAmadhijjo Nivo vIrAmoNaM satcavIsAhiyadosayavAsesu viikaMte su kaliMgarajje tthio| tayaNaMtaraM dhIrAodosayahiya-auNacattAri vAsesu viikkanesu magahAhivo asomaNivo kaliMgaMjaNavayamAkvamma khemarAyaM NivaM NiyANaM nagArA sAthe ja te LiyaguttarAchAM vattA . " hima gherA 5 5, 6 (mudrita) (153) ceTaka rAjA "atriye' hatA evA spaSTa kare meM je nathI, paNa jaina sAhityamAM ceTaka viSe prasaMgopAta je lakhAyuM che temAM tenI sAta putrIono ullekha jovAmAM Ave che. temAM paNa sthaLe tenA putra viSe IzAre karI nathI. ceTakane paravivAha karavane niyama hevAthI tenI putrIonAM lagna karavAmAM ane kANika sAthenA yuddhamAM tathA anya 5Na tevA kaI prasaMgamAM tene keAI patra dekhAvA deto nathI tethI tene zobhanAya nAmano putra hato, e zUrAvalInA ulekhane huM zaMkAspada kahI rahyo chuM.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 11pa che, paraMtu ceTaka aputrIo ja savargastha thaye che tethI e ullekha zaMkAspada che. khAvela pitAnA hAthIguphAvALA zilAlekhamAM pitAne rAjarSivaMdakulamAMthI nIkaLela ane "ceti" vaMzanI vivRddhi karanAra eALakhAve che, 154e parathI paNa samajAya che ke, zobhanAya ceTakane putra nathI; kemake, ceTaka athavA zobhanAya AdimAM kaI rAjarSi tarIke jaNAyo nathI. kharI vAta e hevI joIe ke, kuzasthaLanA cedI rAjA rAjarSi prasenajita, ke jeo zrI pArzvanAthanA sasarA thatA hatA, temane vaMzaja ane kaliMgamAM karaThaMDu pachI AvelA sucana rAjAne jamAI zobhanarAya hatuM, ane tenA vaMzamAM utarI Avela hovAthI ja khAravela pitAnA mATe uparokta be vizeSaNe Alekhe che. zanirAya cerIvaMzane ne kuthasthaLa hatuM e kathanathI huM jaNAvavA mAguM chuM ke, zobhanarAyanA vakhatathI kuzasthaLa, ke jenI pUrva sImA kaliMganI sAthe joDAyelI hatI, tene samAveza kaliMganA rAjyamAM thaI gaye hatuM. pariNAme uttarane ATaya pradeza paNa kaliMganA rAjyamAM gaNAtuM hatuM. A ATavya pradeza magadha sAmrAjyanA dakSiNa sImADAmAM Avela heI, e pradezanA loko taraphathI vakhate vakhata upadrava thavAnA kAraNe ja azoke kaliMga para caDhAI karI hoya te nA nahi. 15Yazoke kaliMganI bahAdura prajAne jItI tenA (154) A viSayamAM khAravelanA zilAlekhanA akSaro AvI rIte che - "rAjasi-vasa-kula vinizrito mahAvijayo rAjA khAravelasiri" khAravela prasti (zrIyuta. ke. pI. jayasvAlajInuM vAMcana) 5. 11 "na mAna mANAvavA tirAvaNavadhana + + + siriNAna" khAravela prA.-1 (zrIyuta.ke. pI. jayasvAlanuM vAMcana) 50 1 (155) azokanI kaliMgaparanI caDhAInuM kAraNa huM AvI rIte raju karuM chuM, paraMtu bannatigharaghuvirati ' emAMnA nizcitane artha nivRtta-nIkaLelo e nahi, paNa vinitti-vizeSathI Azraya pAmelo e ja thato hoya ane "rativANaadhana' emanA vyaktinA sthAne reta-ceTa hoya to, liMganA tIrthasthAnanI ane kaliMganA rAna khAravelanI AgaLa pAchaLanI mahatvabharI sAlavArI vaMzAvalI, tathA khAsa ghaTanAone bAlekhatI himavaMta therAvalI kahe che tema, zobhanarAyane vaizAlInA ceTakarAjano putra mAnave joIe. jaina sAhityamAM ceTane haihayavaMzI lakhyo che ane haihaya jena-ailena-ilAne saMtAnIya hato. khAravela paNa pitAne zilAlekhanI zarUAtamAM tenI lakhe che, e lakSyamAM levA jevuM che. khAravela pachI vakrarAya ane vArAya pachI viharAya kaliMganI gAdIe AvyA A viharAyanuM mRtyu ma ni. 35 eTale vi. saM. pU. 15 varSe thayuM hatu. A pachInA samayamAM haihayavaMza, ke je "kalacurI' tarIke oLakhAto hato, tenuM rAjya kaliMga ane Dezala (mahAla)mAM cAlatuM hatuM. vikramanI cothI sadImAM temanA nAmathI eka saMvata paNa pravarte hate. vikramanI sAtamI sadImAM helanuM nAma madhyaprata ane gujarAtanA pUrva pradeTa sudhI havAnA ullekhe, lekhe ane tAmrapatramAM thayA che. mane te lAge che ke, pAchalA samayamAM viharAya (khAravelane pautra) nA vaMzajoe samaya vItatAM zaiva banI mariASakta thayA bAda kalacura' tarIke potAnI oLakha karAvarAvI haze, hRdayanI

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11: avatinuM Adhipatya. mAjA kSemarAjane tAbe thavAnI pharaja pADI ane AvyapradezanA vahIvaTa mATe teAsalImAM nagaramahAmAtra nImyA, paraMtu e mahAmAtrAnI kAmagIrI zene ThIka nahi lAgavAthI teNe kaliMgarAja kSemarAjanI mAraphate temane ATayeAnI sAthe kevI rIte vartavuM te sabaMdhI hukama pAThavelA che. A hukamanI kAtaraNInA tAtkAlika upayoga hovAthI azeAkanuM e pharamAna, ghaNA varSo pahelAMnuM hAi pAchaLathI zilAlekhamAM kotarAvyuM hAya ema kDI zakAya nahi, tema.kaliMga jItyA bAda ghaNAM varSe teAsalInA mahAmAtrAne kali MgarAjanI mAraphate 3 i kahevarAvavuM' paDe e paNa bahu ja sAvadhAna evA azeka mATe na ja bane, ethI ma. ni. 239 varSe kaliMga jItAyA ane te pachI e gaNa varSanI aMdara ja aAAkanu A pharamAna ane tenI kAtaraNI thayelI hAvI joIe, nahiM ke ma. ni. 219 varSa karliMga jItAyeA ane bAvIza trevIza varSe tAsahI ne samApAnA mahAmAtrone zeSanA hukayathI kahevAnuM pharamAna ane tenI kAtaraNI thaI. azAkanA cauda mukhya zilAlekhAmAM kaliMgavijayanI vAta jemAM jaNAvavAmAM AvI che te teramAM zilAlekhanuM mAna ane tenI kAtaraNI, azAkanA rAjyAbhiSekathI 26-27 varSe thayelI azekanA mukhya sAta staMbhalekhAnI kAtaraNI pachIthI thayelAM che. jo e pharamAna ane DhAtaraNI staMbhalekhAnI kataraNI pahelAM thayAM hAta tA, azeAka peAtAnAM kAcanA sArAMza je sAtamA stazalekhamAM Ape che temAM emAMnI mahattvabharI hakIkatAnA ullekha jarUra thayA hAta, paraMtu tema thayuM nathI ethI uparAsta anumAna para AvavuM paDe che. saMzodhako mAne che ke, cauda mukhya zilAlekhAnI kAtarImAM krama sacavAyA nathI. utsAha ke utAvaLanA kAraNe tema banyuM haze ema keTalAkeAnuM mAnavuM che, paraMtu hakIkatanI echIvattI mahattAne laine paNa dAca tema banI zake. mane teA lAge che ke, aAAkanA daphtarakhAnAmAM tenA pharamAnAnI sAravArInI tA zuM paraMtu mAsa-tithi AdinI paNa noMdha rahetI haze ane phamAnAnI kataraNInA krama mukhya zilAlekhAmAM mazabara sacavAye paNa haze ja. azAkanA trIjA mukhya zilAlekhavALuM pharamAna tenA rAjyAbhiSekanA bhAramA varSe pUrva eka bharata nAmanA rAjiSa thayA hatA, tethI haihayavazI khAravela pAtAne rASiva'za kula-viniHsRta' lakhe che ke suleAcana pahelAM thai gayelA karaka'Du rASivaca-kulanA Azrita thayA haiAvAyA te pAtAne rASi vacakula vinizrita ' lakhe che, enA nizciya ApaNe karI zakatA nathI, chatAM game te rIte khAravela haihayava'zI ceTakanA vaMzaja ghaTI zake che, ane vastusthiti jo Ama ja hoya teA pArzvanAthanA sasarA prasenAjinA vaMzaja tarIke mAnI ajJAnI kaliMga paranI caDhArdanuM kAraNa prAdezika athaDAmaNI tarIke me' raju karyuM che te na heAi, kA anya paNa hoi zake, ane te kAraNa vijaya meLavI kaliMgane mAgati khanAvavA te ja che. azoka dharma'vijayate bhAgaLa karI yuddhavijayanA pazcAttApa karatA peAtAne zilAlekhamAM kAtarAve che, ethI paNa yuddhavijayane mATe tenuM kaliMganuM AkramaNa hatuM ema sAbIta thAya che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 117 karAyeluM che, tethI pahelAM karAyelAM pahelA tathA bIjA zilAlekhavALAM be pharamAnene cokkasa samaya nakkI karI zakAya tema nathI, chatAM tenA dharma parivartana pachI upAsaka tarIke aDhI varSa rahyo hate ane te aDhI varSamAM pAchaLathI eka varSa saMdhamAM joDAyA hatA te samayanAM e phamAna heI, tenA rAjayAbhiSekanAM pAMca varSa vItyA bAda kADhelAM haze, ema lAge che. pahelA pharamAnamAM pote potAnA rasoDAmAM thatI jIvahiMsAne ochI karI nAMkhI sarvathA te baMdha karAvavA tarapha vaLI rahyo che ema jaNAvI baLIdAna ne jIvavadha pradhAna samAjone baMdha karavA te pharamAna kare che. A pachI te bIjA zilAlekhavALA pharamAnamAM manuSya ane pathaenI cikitsA vigere Alekhe che. AThamA zilAlekhamAM kahyA mujaba, rAjyAbhiSekanuM dazamuM varSa vItyA bAda teNe vihArayAtrA choDI daI saMdhi kane javA vigere rUpa dhamayAtrA zarU karI 5tethI pahelAMnuM ane pahelA pharamAna pachInuM e bIjA zilAlekhavALuM pharamAna hovuM joIe. enuM trIjuM ne cothuM pharamAna rAjyAbhiSekanA bAramA varSa pachInuM che. A pharamAne dvArA hiMsAne aTakAvavAne tathA vyAvahArika ane dhArmika vaDIle prati savinaya vartAvavAne kamaza: prayatna karate te pAMcamA mukhya zilAlekhavALA pharamAnamAM rAjyAbhiSekanA teramA varSa pachI dharmamahAmAtro nImavAnI vAta kare che, basa, AvI ja rIte te pagale pagale AgaLa vadhatA teramAM mukhya zilAlekhamAM kahyA pramANe pitAnA dharmavijayanI hada sudhI pahoMcI caudamAmAM potAnA kAryone upasaMhAra kare che. kaliMgavijayanI hakIkatavALuM pharamAna ane te salI-samApAnA nagaramahAmAtrane hukama karavAvALAM pharamAne cauda mukhya zilAlekhomAM ekadama chevaTe kerAyelAM hovAthI te enA rAjyAbhiSekathI 27 varSa pachInAM che, arthAt, te rAjayAbhiSekanAM 28 varSa vItyA bAdanAM eTale ma. ni. 239 vaSe kaliMgavijaya karyA pachInAM che. kaliMganA vijayanI hakIkata Ama pAchaLathI banelI hevAthI tene isAre mukhya staMbhalekhamAM ke anya zilAlekhomAM na hoya e svAbhAvika ja che. e vAta kharI che ke, himavata therAvalIe azenI kaliMga paranI caDhAInI je (156) azeke giranAra vigere sthaLoe zilAo para zAsane tarAvyA che te tenA mukhya zilAlekhe oLakhAvAya che. tenI saMkhyA 14nI che. e zilAlekhamAM 4, 5, 8 13 vALA zANa nomAM anAme 12, 12, 13,10, 8 varSathI abhiSikta azaka hato evI nadhi maLI Ave che. bAkInA tenAM 9 zAsanamAM tenA rAjyAbhiSekathI vItelA samayanI nadhi nathI. AThamA zAsanamAM rAjyabhiSekathI vItelA samayanI noMdha che, paraMtu te pote saMbaMdhi kane gayo. dharmayAtrA zarU karI. vigere pitAnI pravRttinA samayane jaNAvatI nadhi che, nahi ke jAhera pharamAna kADhayAnI, e jAhera pharamAna te teNe pAMcamuM pharamAna ke je, te tera varSathI abhiSikta hato tyAre kADhayuM hatuM, tenA pachInA varSomAM kADhela hovuM joIe. hakIkata banyAne, pharamAna kADhayAne ane te pharamAnone zilAlekha tarIke kAyamI svarUpa ApavAno samama eka ja hoya ema mane lAgatuM nathI. kAyamI svarUpa ApatI vakhate pharamAnena sAmayika kama sacavAyo haze ema huM lekhama jaNAvI gayo chuM.

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118 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. sAla ma. ni. 239 varSe eTale ke azokanA rAjyAbhiSekanA 28 varSa vItyA pachInI ulalekhelI che te, priyadarzI rAjA azaka hotAM tenA teramAM mukhya zilAlekhanA cAlu vAMcana pramANe manAtI sAla-rAjyAbhiSekathI 8 varSa vItyA pachInI sAla-sAthe maLatI AvatI nathI, ane chaso varSa pachInA tharAvalI graMthanA karatAM azake katarAvelA zilA. lekhane puraze azokanI kaliMgavijayanI sAla nakkI karavAmAM vadhAre majabUta gaNAya; ane tethI upara karelI carcA parathI zaMkA uThe che ke, temAM mukhya zilAlekhamAM kaliMgavijayanI sAta sUcavate pATha azuddha ke azuddha vAMcanavALe te nahi hoya ! "akavIsa mitti ' pAThanA sthAne ketarAtAM ke vaMcAtAM ra' e akSaro temAMthI galata thayA hoya ane e rIte 28 nAM 8 varSa thaI gayAM hoya te. je teramAM mukhya zilAlekha cauda mukhya zilAlekha ketarAvyAnAM manAtAM sAta sthAnamAM pabadhe maLI AvatuM hoya te uparAta pAThaviSenI zaMkA kadAca ochI thAta paraMtu e teramo zilAlekha phakta traNa jagAe 158 ja maLI Ave che, ane temAM giranAranI nakalamAM vivAdAspada pATha bhuMsAyelo che, tethI te zaMkA dUra karavAmAM kAma lAge tema nathI.159 jyAre kAzInI nakalamAM zilA phATavALI ane khaDabacaDI hovAthI tenI lIsI karAyelI sapATI para teramo zilAlekha heI tyAM 10 thI 14 sudhInA zilAlekho anukrame moTA thatA ane pUrvanA zilAlekhethI judA paDatA akSaromAM pAchaLathI lakhAyalA jevA lAge che, eTale temane pATha paNa zaMkA dUra karavAmAM vadhAre kAma na lAge. have uparokta zaMkAne dUra karavA phakta eka zAhabAjhagaDhImAMne teramo zilAlekha ApaNI sAme ubhe che. azoka pitAnA caudamA mukhya zilAlekhamAM saMbhavita bhUlane svIkAra kare che tema, lipikArathI bhUla thaI hoya athavA te kaMI prakAre avyavasthita akSarone laI azuddha vAMcana thayuM hoya ne e zilAlekhathI 28 nA badale 8 varSa saMzodhakonI pakaDamAM AvI gayAM hoya te, ema zaMkA rahe che. AvI sthitimAM (157) (1) pezAvaranI vAyavya 40 mAIla para muphajhAInA mulakama zAhabAjhagaDhI AgaLa; (2) paMjAbamAM hajhArA (urjA) jIllA mAM mAnase AgaLa, (3) masurIthI 15 mAila pazcime himAlayanA nIcA bhAgamAM kAlasi AgaLa, (4) muMbaI 5se thANu jIllAmAM sApa rA AgaLa, (5) kAThIAvAmAM jUnAgaDha pAse giranAra AgaLa, (6) erisAnA kaTaka jIllA mAM bhuvanezvaranI dakSiNe dhaulI kAgaLa, (7) madrAsa ilAkAnA gaMjAma challAmAM jegaDha AgaLa. -uMdustAnane prAcIna itihAsa-pUrvArdha. (gu va0 se.) TI 1 pR. 224 (158) (1) zAhabAjhagaDhI (2) kAlasi (3) giranAra. azekacarita (gu va. sonuM) cauda mukhya zilAlekha paranuM vivecana, pR. 228. (159) (zAsana 13muM) [ baTaramizitaNa levAne biyara brigatine go ] bo kaliMgA [ vijita ] vaja tatA pachA adhunA ladhesu kaliMgesu tIvo ghaMmavAyo0 giranAranA zilAlekhamAM 13muM zAsana lakhAyeluM che temAM [ ] cokInI nIzAnIvALA pATha bhusAyela hoI te pAThane anya sthaLanA pAThathI paravAmAM AvyuM che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. uparokta zilAlekhIya purAvA parathI, 1deg anya sAdhana vaDe paNa samarthana thatA zerAvalInA ullekhane huM kaI rIte avagaNI zakuM nahi. kaI kaIlekhaka 6 prastuta zilAlekhomAMnAM "revariTa zivAlI' e anukrame sanmAna ne biru sUcaka vizeSa mAnatA hoI, teo e zabdathI kevaLa azoka ja samajavAmAM zaMkA uThAve che. teo prazna kare che ke sAhityamAM, khAsa karIne bauddha sAhityamAM, ke je bauddha sAhitya azoke corAzI hajAra stupa corAzI hajAra gAmomAM banAvarAvyA hatA evI vAta karI rahyuM che, temAM paNa azakanI kaliMgaparanI caDhAInI hakIkata, zilAlekho vigere ketarAvyAnuM sUcana ane e zilAlekhomAM vaparAyelI keTalIka paribhASAone bauddha paribhASA sAthe saMpUrNa rIte meLa, e jovAmAM nathI AvatAM tenuM kAraNa zuM? siMhaladvIpanA (10) khAravelanA zilAlekhanI paMkita 11mAM "..saM = savaIkiitaraMjIthas karama-Tena rati [ ] nasa mAva 4 teraNavara-tila [ ] 1 miti tAra vedasaMghAa [ 1 ] A pAThamAM "#Arane 4 ghare e pATha zarUAtamAM zilAnI aMdara lata thayA che. A 5 ka. artha AvI rIte karavAmAM Ave che:-(agIAramA varSe duSTa rAjAoe baMdhAvelA maMDapa tathA bajAra meTA gadheDAone haLamAM jeDI, kheDAvI nAkhyAM, jinane khoTe DALa dAkhavatI, ekasotera varSa jUnI sIsAnI mUrtio toDI nAMkhI. uparAkata lakhANamAM jina-tirthaMkara arihaMtano DoLa karatI mati eTale buddhanI mUrti heI zake ane te aparAje-duSTa rAjAekaliMga para khAnAkharAbI varSAvanAra hovAthI khAravelanI daSTie azoke sthApita karelI haze. e mUrtine sthApana thayAM "teraNavaNa vasa'thI 113 varSa vItyAM hatAM ema kahevAmAM Ave che, paNa e kathana saMgata thatuM nathI, kAraNa ke ATha varSathI abhiSikta azake kaliMga jItyuM hatuM ema kahenArA saMzodhakonI gaNatarIe kaliMganA yuddhanI ane khAravelanA rAjyanA 11 mA varSanI vacce 100 varSathI ochuM ane 76 varSathI vadhAre, Azare 1 varSa jeTaluM aMtara manAyuM che. khAravelanA rAjayanA 11 mA varSathI 13 varSa pUrve bindusAranuM rAjya hatuM ema saMzodhake mAne che; ane bindusAranI aparAjA tarIke kariMgamAM koI kAravAI heya ema saMbhavatuM ja nathI. AvI sthitimAM lAge che ke, " haraNa-' sthaLe 'saMha' vAMcana azuddha he I "sattA thA "hatri -70 evI saMkhyAmucaka zabdanuM vAMcana ahiM kharuM hevuM joIe. khAravelanA rAjyanA 11 mA varSanI ane azoke himavaMta therAvalInA kathana mujaba ma. ni, 24mAM kaliMga vijaya karyo tenA pachInA varSanI vacce barAbara 70 varSa che. e saMbhanita che ke azake kalaga cha bAda 9 varasa doDha varasanA gALAmAM jina-buddhanI sIsA nI mUrti sthApanA karI haze, ke jene khAravela 70 varSanI hovAnI ane mina-baInane DALa karatI kahI teDI nAMkhe che. - azoke kalinanI bhUmi para caDhAI karI tyAre kSemarAja rAjya karato hato ema therAvelI kahe che. tenuM samarthana khAtelanI prazasti avRkaze karatI hoya tema, khAravela potAnA dAdA mahArAjA kSemarAjane ullekha prazatimAM " mAtra 3 vAga" AvI rIte kare che. himavaMta therAvalI A samayanI hakIkata jaNAvavAmAM keTalI badhI cakkasa che! (11) prAcIna bhAratavarSane lekhaka che. tribhovanadAsa laheracaMda zAha vigere.

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120 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. eka itihAsasaMgrahamAM azokanA dAdA caMdraguptane "' nA birudathI oLakhAvyo che. tyAM kaIvAra azokane paNa priya darzana-vivaraNana' lakhe che, eTale samajAya che ke, te zabda kharI rIte viralI-priyadarzina che, ane AvI rIte caMdragama ane azoka e anene eka ja biruda sAdhAraNa rIte vaparAya che. te pachI te azokanuM vizeSa nAma che ema zA AdhAre kahevAya ? "devAnAM priya priyadarzI rAja' e zabdo caMdraguptAdinI sAthe sAdhAraNa upAdhi Adi rUpa che, nahi ke ekalA azokanI vizeSa upAdhi Adi rU5, te pachI e upAdhi AdithI pitAne ulekha karI zilA. khene ketarAvate e keNa rAjA hate enI zodha karavAnI rahe ke nahi ? azokanA caritrane AlekhatA eka lekhakane paNa A prazna uThe hoya te nA nahi; kemake temane e praznanuM samAdhAna karavA maskInA gAlekhamAM vaMcAyelA "azokANane zaraNe javuM paDayuM che. jo ke e lekhamAM karAyelo vizeSa nAmane ulekha joIne temane vicitratA lAgI che, ane ene "amoghavarSa nA dAntathI lale bacAva karI mana manAvavuM paDayuM che. 163 "prAcIna bhAratavarSanA leaka 3. tribhovanadAsa zAhane A bacAva khuMcate he I teo azekanA pautra saMpratine ja zilAlekhane "divalI nA ' mAne che. pitAnI e mAnyatAnA samarthanamAM temaNe ghaNuM ja lakhyuM che, tene digadarzanarUpa sArAMza AvI rIte che "keTalAka jANItA saMzodhakoe elekajhAnDara-selyukasa nikeTaranA samayamAM vidya mAna sekaTasane caMDAzaka-azokanA badale caMdragupta mAnI lIdhA. pariNAme azokanA aMgenI keTalIka hakIkate caMdraguptanA nAme caDAvI dIdhI. ane e rIte azoka caMdra guptathI pAchalA samayamAM je samaye rahevuM joIe tenA karatAM vadhAre pAchalA samayamAM manAye ane tethI azokanA pachI thayelA rAjakartA priyadarzI saMpatinA samayanI hakIkata azokanA samayanI mAnI levAI. pariNAme priyadarzI ane tenA lekha saMpratinA nAme caDavA joIe te azokanA nAma para caDAvI devAyA. A thayelI mahAna bhUlane laI hAla azokanA nAme oLakhAtA zilAlekhone artha besAravAmAM bhAre tANI tUsIne kAma levAnI pharaja paDI che, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu saMpatinuM jaina sAhityamAM bahuja suprasiddha evuM astittva paNa nahivat karI devAyuM che. priyadazInA lekhamAM tene katarAvanAra bauddhadharma azoka heya te temAM bauddhatvanI ja asara hevI joIe, paraMtu tema nathI. temAM sAmAnya rIte bauddhatvanI asara che, paNa vizeSata: jenaravanI ja khAsa asara che. ahiMsA, tene pALavAnA divase vigere zilAlekhamAMnI vigatene saMbaMdha (12) jenuM nAma "dIpavaMza' che. (16) azokacarita (gu. va. sa.) rA. rA.de. 2. bhAMDArakaranA aMgrejI graMthanA AdhAre atu vAdaka zrIyuta bha, bhA. mahetA. pR. 4 thI 6.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 121 jeTalo jainatvanI sAthe che teTalo bauddhatvanI sAthe nathI. bhAbrA" nA zilAlekhamAM ane bIjA be staMbhalekhomAM priyadarzInI bauddhadharmaprati Adara satkAra, AnaMdapUjA ane kaMIka pravRtti karavAnI bAbate korAI che, paNa koI eka samrATa evI rIte prajAnA dhamone saMbhALe tethI ema na mAnI zakAya ke te amuka dharmane hate. uparokata traNa lekhe sivAya prAyaH bAkInA badhA ya lekhamAM jyAM tyAM jainatva ja karAyuM che. priyadarzInI ' saMbaMdhaprApti" ane "saMghane matabheda" zilAlekhomAM AlekhAyelI A be bAbatene meLa saMpratinA jIvananI sAthe, ane A mahAgiri tathA Arya suhastinA AcAranI vicAraNAnA aMge maLI zake che. zilAlekhamAM priyadarzInA dharmapracAranI sAthe jaMbudvIpanA lokone devenI sAthe mizra karAyAnuM tyAM lakhAyuM che. saMpratinA dharmapracAra ane caityanirmANanI sAthe A maLatI hakIkata che. kaliMganI chata paNa azake nahi, paraMtu saMpatie rAjyAbhiSekanAM ATha varSa vItatAM karI hatI." khare ja, uparokta kaI kaIlekhakanA prazno ane De. zAhe kareluM pitAnI mAnyatAne samarthana, e bahu ja vicAraNIya che. bahe nA abhyAsa ne saMzodhana baLe bhaviSyamAM kadAca 'futhati' e bhalene saMprati kare, paNa hAla te azokanA nAme oLakhAtA e lekhene abhyAsa karatAM temane priyadarzI e saMprati hovA viSe zaMkA ja rahe che. kAraNa ke jainasAhityamAM saMpratinuM je rIte jIvana AlekhAyuM che, temanI keTalIka mahatvanI bAbatene IzAro suddhAM A zilAlekhamAM maLato nathI, tema zilAlekhamAMnI keTalI ya mahatvanI bAbate jainasAhityamAM bilakula IzAre suddhAM nathI. vaLI e zilAlekhomAM je yavanarAjAono ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che temane samaya, mahAvIra ane vikramAditya vacce 410 varSanuM aMtara mAnanAra A lekhanI gaNatarIe, saMpratinA rAjatvAkAlathI vahele paDe che, 164 e parathI paNa zilAlekhamane "thiri' e saMprati na hoya evA saMbhavane puSTi maLe che. A ane evAM bIjAM paNa keTalAMka yAnethI "cArIcaraNa nyAye upa paNa saMpratine e sarva zilAlekhene ketarAvanAra mAnavAnuM (164) saMpratino rAjavaMkAla ma. ni 244-297 eTale I sa pU. 223-174 che, jayAre saMzodhakonA kathana mujaba azoke ulekhelA aniyoka turama, anikena, maga, alikasara e rAjAo anukrame sIriyAne rAja bIje eNnTikasa thIeNsa (. sa. pU. 261-246) mIsarane rAjA bIje lemI philADasa (I. sa. . 285-247), eNsiDeniyAnA rAjA aitrigAnasa geneTasa (I. sa. pU. 276-239), uttara AphrikAnA sIrIna pradezanA rAja maMgAsa (I. sapU. 300-250), epirasano athavA kerithane rAjA alekjhAnDara ( I. sa. pU. 272-255 athavA 252-244 ),e nAmanA pheI, temane samaya che. sa. pU. 22thI dhaNo ja vahelo paDe che. saMzodhakoe nAdhelo e badhA rAjAne samaya sarvathA nizcita nahi paraMtu kAI keIne Azare paNa che chatAM azokanA samayanI sAthe te baMdhabesata karI zakAya tema che. (165) yAdhAraNa upadezanI sAthe viziSTa upadeza svIkAra karAvavAnI eka jainazAstra prasiddha rIta.

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avatinuM Adhipatya. 127 dhArmika kAryo karyA che ane e vakhate te vyavahAramAM bauddhadhamI ja hato, paraMtu mAnavAne kAraNa che ke, bauddhonI daSTie jevo eka bauddha hoya te te sadAne mATe na rahyo che joIe. "bhAbra nA zilAlekhamAM "bhatene saMbaMdhI te pitAnA bauddhattvanI khAtrI ApavA jevuM ja valaNa dharAve che te batAve che ke, tenI dhArmika pravRttimAM tene matabheda hoya che te te temAM saMpUrNa na paNa hoya ke zaMkAnI najare jevAte hoya. mane nathI lAgatuM ke, e jamAnAmAM azoka jevA samrATane mATe nikAraNa evI aupa. cArika ekarAranI AvazyakatA hoya. potAnA jIvananA aMtima divasomAM azoka pote karelA nirNaya mujaba bauddhasaMghane cAra karoDa dravya devA IcchatA hatA, paraMtu mantrIonI salAhathI tenA pautra saMpatie tene tema karatAM aTakAvyo. lAcAra banelA azoke maratAM maratAM te drayanA badalAmAM samudraparyata mahApRthivI lakhI ApI. e dravya ApI pRthivI choDAvyA bAda ja saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka thayo." AvA abhiprAyanuM vizeSa vistAravALuM lakhANa azokAvadAnAdi bauddhagraMthamAM maLe che. azekanA mRtyu bAda bauddhasaMghArAmane mATe dravya meLavavAne lAgatA vaLagatA rAdhagupta vigere bauddhAnuyAyIonuM kaI kAvataruM jAyuM hatuM e avani uparokta lakhANamAMthI nIkaLe che. A kAvatarA para, ane ghaNA kALa sudhI potAnI stutinuM pAtra banela azoka pitAnA dhArmika taMtramAMthI sarI jaI saMghArAmane karoDanA dravyanI madada karate aTakI gayA hatA tenI baudhAnuyAyIo para thatI kharAba asara para, paDade nAkhavAnI khAtara ja azoka jevA samrATanI lAcArI ane dharmaghelachAnuM pradarzana karI saMprati jevA mahAnubhAvane lebhAnya cItaravAno prayAsa, kharekhara, bodhagraMthAe karyo hoya ema lAge che. te kavinA pitA kuNAla ane mAtA zarAzrI e jaina hatAM. saMprati paNa, jo ke viziSTa pa2mAhaMta pAchaLathI-Arya suharitanA darzanathI thayelA jAtismaraNa bAda thayo hato, paraMtu zrIhemacaMdrasUrinA kathana mujaba sAmAnya paramahaMta te janmathI ja hatuM. ene jainatva vArasAgata maLyuM hatuM. magadha sAmrAjyane vArasa jaina heya e bIne pAlavatuM na hatuM, tethI teo e vastune mITAvavA mathatA hatA ane rAjakuTuMbanAM tathA mannivarganAM mANasone upayoga karI kArya sAdhavA kAvatarAM karAvavA derI saMcAra karatA hatA. kuNAlane mATe jAyeluM kAvataruM evA ja prakAranuM hatuM. jainasAhitya e kAvatarA viSe lakhI rahyuM che, tene bhAvArtha A pramANe che - "azokane kuNAla nAme putra che. tene kumArabhuktimAM ujayinI ApI tyAM saMrakSaNa pUrvaka rAkhatAM te ATha varSathI vadhAre vayane thayo. azake nImelA bAladhArakoe kuNAlanI A vaya viSenI azokane mAhitI ApatAM teNe eka patra dvArA khAte thI 4 kumAra adhyayana kare evI sUcanA pitAnA e priya yuvarAja putrane ApI. A patra lakhyA bAda azokanuM citta keI anya kAryamAM parevAtA, te patramAMnI hakIkatathI pari

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 123 dhArmika kAryo karyA che ane e vakhate te vyavahAramAM bauddhadhamI ja hato, paraMtu mAnavAne kAraNa che ke, bauddhonI daSTie jevo eka bauddha hoya te te sadAne mATe na rahyo che joIe. "bhAbranA zilAlekhamAM "bhadrata ane saMbaMdhI te pitAnA bauddhattvanI khAtrI ApavA jevuM ja valaNa dharAve che te batAve che ke, tenI dhArmika pravRttimAM tene matabheda heya yA to te temAM saMpUrNa na paNa hoya ke zaMkAnI najare jevAte heya. mane nathI lAgatuM ke, e jamAnAmAM azoka jevA samrATane mATe niSkAraNa evI aupa. cArika ekarAranI AvazyakatA hoya. "potAnA jIvananA aMtima divase mAM azoka pote karelA nirNaya mujaba bauddhasaMghane cAra karoDa dravya devA IcchatA hatA, paraMtu mantrIonI salAhathI tenA pautra saMpratie tene tema karatAM aTakAvyA. lAcAra banelA azoke maratAM maratAM te dravyanA badalAmAM samudraparyanta mahApRthivI lakhI ApI. e dravya ApI pRthivI choDAvyA bAda ja saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka thayo." AvA abhiprAyanuM vizeSa vistAravALuM lakhANa azakAvadAnAdi bauddhagraMthamAM maLe che. azokanA mRtyu bAda bauddhasaMghArAmane mATe dravya meLavavAne lAgatA vaLagatA rAdhagupta vigere bauddhAnuyAyIonuM kaI kAvataruM je jAyuM hatuM e vani uparokta lakhANamAMthI nIkaLe che. A kAvatarA para, ane ghaNA kALa sudhI pitAnI stutinuM pAtra banela azaka pitAnA dhArmika taMtramAMthI sarI jaI saMghArAmane karoDonA dravyanI madada karato aTakI gayo hato tenI bIpAnuyAyIo para thatI kharAba asara para, paDade nAkhavAnI khAta2 ja azoka jevA samrATanI lAcArI ane dharmaghelachAnuM pradarzana karI saMprati jevA mahAnubhAvane lobhAnDa cItaravAno prayAsa, kharekhara, bodhagraMthAe karyo hoya ema lAge che. ta kavinA pitA kuNAla ane mAtA zarazrI e jaina hatAM. saMprati paNa, jo ke viziSTa paramahaMta pAchaLathI-AryasuhastinA darzanathI thayelA jAtismaraNa bAda thayo hato, paraMtu zrIhemacaMdrasUrinA kathana mujaba sAmAnya paramAta te janmathI ja hate. ene jainatva vArasAgata maLyuM hatuM. magadha sAmrAjyane vArasa jaina hoya e baudhdhone pAlavatuM na hatuM, tethI teo e vastune mITAvavA mathatA hatA ane rAjakuTuMbanAM tathA mannivarganAM mANasone upaga karI kArya sAdhavA kAvatarAM karAvavA dorI saMcAra karatA hatA. kuNAlane mATe yojAyeluM kAvataruM evA ja prakAranuM hatuM. jainasAhitya e kAvatarA viSe lakhI rahyuM che, tene bhAvArtha A pramANe che - azakane kuNAla nAme putra thaye. tene kumArabhuktimAM ujayinI ApI tyAM saMrakSaNa pUrvaka rAkhatAM te ATha varSathI vadhAre vayane thaye. azeke nImelA bAladhArakoe kuNAlanI A vaya viSenI azakane mAhitI ApatAM teNe eka patra dvArA "mAre adhayaka' kumAra adhyayana karo evI sUcanA pitAnA e priya yuvarAja putrane ApI. A patra lakhyA bAda azokanuM citta kaI anya kAryamAM parevAtAM, te patramAMnI hakIkatathI pari

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124 avaMtinuM Adhipatya cita thayelI ane pitAnA putrane mATe magadha sAmrAjyane IrachatI tyAM beThelI kuNAlanI sAvakI mAtAe patinI gaphalatano lAbha laI patramAMnA "vadhI 4' zabdamAM rahelA ' para eka anusvAra umerI kumAra chAyA' kumAra aMdha bane ema karI nAkhyuM. pAchA LathI nahi nirIkSaNa karAya e patra e ne e ja-dagAno bhoga banelo ja kuNAlanA saMrakSaka-bAladhArakone maLe. patramAMnI virUpa hakIkatane vAMcI saMbhaLAvavA tathA tene amala karavA azakta evA bAladhArakane joI svayaM patramAMnI hakIkatathI vAkepha thanArA sunayana e kumAre, "mauryakulamAM koIpaNa vaDIlanI AjJAne bhaMga na kare" evA vicArathI pitAnA pitAnI AjJAnuM pAlana karyuM. teNe bAladhArako vigere saunI stabdhatA, Azcarya ane kArya vacce potAnA hAthe ja aMdhApo vahArI lIdhe. ene bhaviSyamAM samrATa banAvavAnI azokanI badhI ya AzAo dhULamAM maLI gaI. A pachI azake kuNAlane kumArabhuktimAM eka samRddha gAma ApI tene yuvarAjanA adhikAranI rUie ApeluM je ujajayinI hatuM te anya rAjakumArane ApyuM. himavaMtartharAvalI kuNAlane ujyacinImAM rAkhavAnuM kAraNuM, "tenI sAvakI mAtAthI karAto upadrava hatuM, ema spaSTa jaNAve che ane te lakhe che ke, "sAvakI mAtAnA prayogathI kuNAla aMdha banyo e vAta sAMbhaLatAM azoka krodhAkrAMta thayA ane teNe kAvatarAkhera e rANI tathA anya deSita aneka rAjakumArIne mArI nAMkhyA.19 bauddhagraMtha kuNAlane aMdha banAvavAne hukama karanAra rANInuM nAma tibbarakSitA lakhe che, ke je rANIne vacanathI baMdhAyelA azake alpa samayane mATe rAjyAdhikAra ApyA hatA. kuNAlane aMdha banAvyo e, kuNAlanI AMkha para mohita thaI tenI sAthe vyabhicAranI IcchA sevanAza tarakSitAnI anucita yAcanAne tiraskAra ane tethI thayelI nAzI pANInuM pariguma hatuM, ema jaNAvatA bauddha lekhake lakhe che ke, "kuNAlane aMdha banAvavAnA kAvatarAmAM bhAga lenAra pAMcaso maMtrIone azake katala karyA hatA." bauddhalekhake bhalene, ulaTasulaTI hakIkate lakhe. kuNAlane aMdha banAvyuM e kharI rIte te eka rAjadvArI kAvataruM ja hatuM ane ene lAbha boddhasaMghane levAne hate. paraMtu " aMdha kuNAlane tyAM putra janmatAM ane kuNAlanA gItagAna prasaMge vacanathI baMdhA. calA azoke saMatta janmelA e bAlakano tarata ja rAjyAbhiSeka athavA te yauvarA (166) pariziSTa parva 2. 8 kSaka 15thI 34 (197) immassAsomaNivassANegANaM puttANa majjhe kuNAlaNAmadhijjo putto rajjAriho husthA / taM gaM vimAuo hikhijjamANaM NAUNAsopaNa NiveNa Niyapagijuo se avaMtINayarI ThAisI / paraM vimAupayogeNaM tattha se aMdhIbhUo / tamaDhe soccA asomaNiveNaM. kohAkateNaM taM NiyamajjaM mArittA dosaparA'vare vi rAyakumArA maariyaa|" hima gherA pR. 4 (mudrita)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 125 jyAbhiSeka karyo "168 eTale kAvatarAMkhera bauddhAnuyAyIonA hAtha heThA paDayA ane pachI navesarathI kAvatarAMkherI zarU thaI. emAM paNa temane niSphaLatA maLatAM chevaTe amuka dravyanI prAptithI saMtoSa mAnave pa. prapaMcathI meLavelA e dravyane vAjabI TharAvavAnA prayAsa tarIke bauddhagraMthoe azokane suda 2 ane saMpratine asuMdara Alekhyo che. bAkI azoka kuNAlanA aMdha banyA pachI ane tibbarakSitAno nAza karyA pachI, mane nathI lAgatuM ke, te eka jevo bauddha joIe te hadayathI rahyo hoya azaka je samrATa ekavAra dharma parivartana ane navIna svIkArelA dharmamAM keTalAMka varSa joradAra pravRtti karyA pachI, pitAnI prauDha ummare pharI pAcho dharma parivartana jevo dekhAva na paNa kare, paNa saMbhava che ke te hadayathI jainavane anusarato thaI gaye hai joIe. ApaNe enA zilAlekhene vicAra AvI daSTithI ja karIe te te zilAlekho saMbaMdhI uThatA sava praznone nikAla sahaja AvI jaze. priyadazInA zilAlekhone bArIkIthI abhyAsa karatAM ane azoka ja ene kotarAvanAra che ema mAnatAM chatAM ya, azeka e anukrame jaina, bauddha ane sarva sAdhAraNa dhamI jevo lAge che. e rAjA lAgaNIpradhAna mAnasa dharAvanAro hato. bauddha ane jaina sAhitya parathI samajAya che ke, tene pitAne nyAyI jaNAtA potAnA ke anyanA hakane sAcavavA te kuzaLatAthI vataMte ane emAM ADe AvanArane sarvathA nAza thavuM paDatuM. * nilIva ane laMkinInA staMbhalekhamAM ulikhita bauddha kAryo karavAmAM tene jema Adara che, 169tema AjIvikone guphAnAM dAna karavAmAM paNa che 10e tenA vava (barAbara) parvata (168) ju, saMpratinA AlekhanamAM prAraMbhe. (19) lubitI udyAnanA staMbhalekhamAM bhaNAvavA mAM AvyuM che ke, "pitAnA rAjyAbhiSekane vIsa varSa vItyA tyAre azaka ahiM jAte AvyA ane teNe) pUjA karI. ahiM zAkya muni buha jamyA hatA tethI teNe ahiM paththaranI jabarI divAla caNavI ane zilAtaMbha Ubho karAvyo. ahiM bhagavAna buddha janmyA hatA tethI luMbinI gAmane dhArmika kamathI mukta karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM, ane ( jamIna mahesula tarIke mAtra ) eka aSTamAMza (te) ApavAno hato. vaLI niglIvanA staMbhalekhamAM teNe jaNAvyuM che ke, "rAjyAbhiSekane cauda varSa vItyAM tyAre teNe baddha kAnAkamana (? kanakani )nA rastUpane bIjI veLAe vadhAve. vaLI, tenA rAjyAbhiSekane (vIsa) varSa vItyAM tyAre te jAte AvyA. (teNe) pUjA karI, ane zizAstaMbha) Ubho karAvyuM." azakacarita (gu. va. se. nuM ) 5. 32, 313. (17) vara (barAbara) parvatanA guhAlekhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, 'priyadarzI rAjAe rAjyAbhiSekane bAra varSa vItyAM tyAre AjIvikAne "vaDanI guphA" ane khalatika parvatamAnI guphA, tathA ogaNIsa varSa vItyAM tyAre khalatika parvatamAM (amuka karyuM hatuM teno ahaM ullekha nathI paraMtu "bhArata prAcIna rAjavaMza' jaNAve che ke teNe ahiM AjIvikAne kapriya guphA ApI hatI. juo te pustakanA dvitIya bhAgamAM 5, 128). azekacarita (gu. va. senuM) 5. 317

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126 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. . vigerenA jhuhAlekhAthI mAlama paDe che. teNe tenA zilAlekhAmAM ke sta MbhalekhAmAM je nIti AlekhelI che te jainAnA mArgAnusArI dhamanI che ane evI sAmAnya nItinA upadeza karavAnuM sUcana jainasAhityamAM ja ' cArIcaraNa ' nyAyanA nAme karavAmAM AvyuM che. tenI hiMsA na karavAnI jAherAtanI lipi vadhAre vyApaka hoI jainattvanA TAMkaNAthI ja kAtarAyalI che, pachI bhalene, te te vakhate sAcA bauddha DAya ke anyAnya pASaDAnA vicArathI mizrita hRdayavALA boddha hAya, bauddha sAhityanA kathanAnusAra enA rAjyAbhi ekanA 16 mA yA 18 mA va eTale ma. ni. 220 ke 229 varSa pATalIputramAM trIjI khauddha saMgIti ( sabhA ) maLI hatI, tenA ullekha tenA zilAlekhomAM ke sta'zalekhomAM nathI, temaja bauddhasAhityamAM lakhelI bIjI paNa keTalIka khAkhatAnA meLa e lekhAnI sAthe maLatA nathI, tethI aAAkane kevA bauddha mAnavA e bauddhasAhitya parathI nakkI karI zakAya nahi. mimmisAra ( zreNika) ane ajAtazatru ( keANika) e jainarAjAne zrIbuddhanI sAthe paDelA nahi jevA prasaMgathI paNa temane buddhanA anuyAyI bauddha jaNAvanArU e sAhitya, uparAkta rAjAethI vadhAre khauddhasaghanA samAgamamAM AAvanAra ane buddhanAM tivacanAne Adara karanAra evA azAkane bauddhasaghanA mATe sarvasva samarpaka evA mahAna bauddha cItare tA temAM kaMI navAI nathI. paNa te para keTalo vizvAsa zakhavA e prazna che. Aja kAla maLI AvatAM sAdhanA parathI azeka e tejasvI ane saumya, ugra ane kAmaLa, snehALa ane satyAnveSa, AgrahI ane udAra, zraddhALu ane parIkSaka evA evA paraspara viruddha guNAnA dhAraka hatA ema saMmajAya che, paraMtu te saMpUrNa`rIte kevA hatA e te parathI samajI zakAya tema nathI. mAthI ja aAAkanA lekhaka, jene jema phAve tema kalpanAnA ghoDA doDAve che. hiMmava tathAvalInA AdhAre me tene tenA rAjyathI cAra varSa vItyA bAda eTale ma. ni. 214 mAM auSadhamAM gayA lakhyA che tyAre kAika tene tenA rAjyAbhiSekathI 8 ke huM varSa vItyA bAda eTale ma. ni. 219mAM athavA 220 vItatAM baudhdha thayAnuM jaNAve che. bIjo vaLI kAIka tene tenA rAjyanAM keTalAMka varSo sudhI baudhdhadharmanI pravRtti karatA ane rAjyanAM chellAM 8 varSomAM baudhdhaSathI udAsIna thayelA lage che, ane te mazahUra zilAlekhA tathA staMbhalekhAnA kAtarAvanAra tarIke tene nahi paraMtu tenA pautra sa Mpratine lakhI, himavata theAvalI karatAM khIjI rIte ja tenA rAjatvaDhAlanI sAlavArI noMdhe che. A sAlavArIthI judA paDatA mArA eka mitra paNa saMpratine ja priyadazI' mAnatAM zilAlekha ne staMbhalekhAne kAtarAvanAra saMprati ja hAvA joIe ema mane sUcana karI rahyA che. e mitra zarUAtanA mauzajAenI sAtavArI AvI rIte jaNAve che:-- 66 a. ni. 145 varSe caMdraguptanuM pArvatIya pradezamAM rAjya, ma. ni. 155 varSe caMdraguptanA pATalIputramAM rAjyAbhiSeka, ma. ni. 169 vaSe caMdraguptanA rAjyAMta, ma. ni.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 127 194 varSe bindusAra rAjayAMta, ma. ni. 198 sudhI 4 varSa cazaka anabhiSikta, ma. ni. 198 varSe azakane rAjyAbhiSeka, ma. ni. 231 varSa azakane rAyata ane azokanA patra saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka. saMpratino janma ma. ni. 223 varSe thayele hAI mahArAjA azoke tene tarata ja yuvarAja pade sthApI kumArabhukti tarIke ujajayinI ApI ane tenuM bahu ja sAvacetI pUrvaka rakSaNa karyuM. jayAre te ATha varSane thaye tyAre teNe tene pitAnA hAthe rAjyAbhiSeka karyo." zilAlekhamAM ane staMbhalekhamAM rAjyAbhiSekathI amuka varSanI je gaNatarI lakhavAmAM AvI che te azokanA rAjyAbhiSekathI nahi, paraMtu saMprati e ja priyadarzI heI, tenA ja rAjyAbhiSekathI samajavI ema e mitranuM kahevuM che ane teo evI ja rIte zilAlekhonI hakIkatene meLa besADe che. paraMtu pahelAM huM kahI gayo chuM ke, e sarva vicAraNIya ane vadhu saMzodhana mAge che. AvI sthitimAM be hajAra karatAM ya vadhAre varSothI paththaranI zilAo ane staMbhe para nItidharmanAM TAMkaNathI DhaMkAelo, keTalAka sikAothI nahi vaMcAyelA, arvAcIna samayamAM karAyelA prayatna sudharatAM jatAM vividha vAMcanamAMthI pasAra thayelo ane e vAMcananA kAlpanika vidhavidha athabhiprAyathI avanave samajAyelo tathA Aje paNa matAntaranA aMdhakAramAM anizcita svarUpavALe e "vAva vidhavasi pAna" keNu ane ke hato, e huM spaSTa na samajI zakate hoi, te paNa te mahAna ne mahAnubhAva hato e te nakkI ja che. mane lAge che ke e "vivaNi' azaka che, chatAM te majabUta pramANethI saMprati che ema je sAbIta thaI zakatuM hoya te tene vadhAvI levAmAM paNa koI harakata nathI. jainasAhityathI jANavA maLe che ke, bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANathI 214 varSa sudhI jaina AcAra vicAra dhArA sarvathA aphara, akhalita ane suvyavasthita pravartI rahI hatI, emAM jarA ya zaMkA ke pheraphAra karavAnI IcchAne ya avakAza na hatuM. paraMtu te sAhitya Arya mahAgirijInA mukhamAM AvA zabdo muke che-"carama jinapati zrI mahAvIra bhagavaMte kahyuM che ke, sthUlabhadra pachI mArA ziSya saMtAnamAM sAmAcArInI yathArthatA ochI thaI jaze."11 Ane bhAvArtha e che ke, samartha suvihita mahAgirijInA yugapradhAnapade hatAM AvatA koI viSamakAlanuM ghaDatara thaI rahyuM hatuM ane tene aTakAvI zakavAnI tAkAta kenAmAM ya na hatI. "jagatamAMnuM sarva kAMI kSaNa mAtra ja sthAyI che.' ema jAhera karanAro kSaNikavAdI azvamitra e mahAgirijInA ja ziSya kauDinyane ziSya hatuM, temaja "eka samayamAM be kriyAne upaga vatI zake" ema prarUpate krikriyAvAdI gaMgAcArya paNa e ja yugapradhAnanA ziSyane ziSya hate. ma.ni. 220 ane 228varSe thayelA A banne nilaMva mata (171) pariziSTa parva-sa 11. le. 120thI 12ra

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128 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vAdIone samajAvyA chatAM na samajyA tyAre teone jaina saMghamAMthI bahiSkRta karyA hatA.' A bahiSkAra karavAmAM Ave tyAre tenA pratyAghAta tarIke je kAMI bane tethI jainasaMghanI pragati maryAdita banI jAya e svAbhAvika che, paraMtu ethI jainasaMghane je mahAna lAbha thaye che te e ke, Aja sudhImAM zrI mahAvIranuM tAtvika sthAvAda darzana prAya: ekadhAruM ja rahevA pAmyuM che. AcAranI bAbatamAM paNa jyAM sudhI banI zake tyAM sudhI maulikatA ja rAkhavA Agraha sevA che. pariNAme kAlAdi deSathI apavAnuM anusaraNa karAyA chatAM siddhAntamAM ane vyavahAramAM AcAranI maulikatA Aje paNa akabaMdha rahelI ApaNe joIe chIe. AcAravicAragata chaMdatAnA nAde caDhI baudhdhAe ane vaidikoe jema dharmapracArane sAdhavA mAMDe hatuM tema jaino kadi paNa karI zake ja nahi evuM vyavasthita ane majabUta temanuM baMdhAraNa hatuM. A ja kAraNe ASADhAcAryanA ziSya, azvamitra ane gaMgAcArya jevAo paNa aMte te zrI jainazAsananA ja zaraNe AvyA hatA ema jainasAhitya kahe che. 173 Ama chatAM AryamahAgirijIe zAsana-prabhAvanAnA kAryamAM AgaLa vadhatA Aryasahastine samAcAra zithilatAnI bAbatamAM Thapake ApyA bAda aMte te teoe udAsInatA ja darzAvI che. ane tenuM kAraNa e ja hevA saMbhava che ke, pratidina saMhananAdinI ghaTatI jatI sthitimAM samaya evI ja rIte mokSamArganuM rakSaNa mAgI rahyo hato. jyAre maulikatAne hAni pahoMce ema lAgatuM tyAre te suvihitee apavAda mArgamAM thatA vikArone sarvathA dUra karI svacchatA ja sarajAvI che e jainasAhityanA abhyAsIothI ajAyuM nathI. azoke sarva dharma prati samabhAva darzAvyo hato ema tenA kahevAtA zilAlekhethI samajAya che. himavaMta zUrAvalI paNa kahI rahI che ke, azoka jainazramaNane vidveSI na hatuM. A parathI ApaNe kahI zakIe ke, A samaye jainazramane vihAra, dharmapracArAdimAM anukUlatA ja haze, paraMtu kahevAya che tema rAjyAzrayane pAmelA bauddhadharmanA savizeSa vAtAvaraNamAM, bauddhazramaNonA dharmapracAra sAthe sarakhAvatAM, janazramaNane dharmapracAra keTalA pramANamAM haze te sAdhananA abhAve hAla samajavuM muzkela che. A pachI eTale Arya suhasti ane saMpratinA samayamAM jainadharmane pracAra ane pravRtti ucita prayatna dvArA karavAmAM bAkI rakhAI nahatI enuM sUcana karAyuM che ane te saMpratinA jIvanamAM savizeSa AlekhavAmAM Avaze. Arya suharitane lAMbe yugapradhAnatvakAla vizeSa jhaLahaLato hato e niHzaMka hakIkata che. (172) AvakacUrNi-pUrvabAga pR. 422, 4ra4 (caturtha ane paMcama nindava viSe vaktavyatA) (173) AvazyakacUrNi-pUrvabhAga. pR, 4ra1 thI 423 (trIjA, cethA ane pAMcamA nindavanI vakatavyatAnA aMte.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 129 A saMprati 49 varSa, ma. ni. 244-293 (vi. saM. pa. 166-117i. sa. pU. rara3-174) kahe che ke, samrATa azokane avantidezane ane tenI suprasiddha nagarI avantinaujayinIno sAre paricaya hate.74 pitAnI ujajayinInI subedArInA samaye teNe tyAM eka vakhata darabAra bharyo hate. ema paNa kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, te vidizAnA zreSThI nI kanyAne paraNyo hato. 175 azakane pitAnA pitA bindusAranI mAMdagIne lIdhe ekAeka pATalIputra javuM paDayuM hatuM te samayanI pUrve, A zreSThIputrIthI eka putra janme hate, ke je ItihAsamAM kuNAlanAM nAme oLakhAve che. azokanA rAjyAbhiSeka samaye e zreSThIputrIne ja paTarANI banAvavAmAM AvI hatI. ene pitA jaina hovAthI tene jainadharmanA ja saMrakAra paDayA hatA ane e saMskAra kuNAlamAM paNa tenA bAyakArya UtarI AvyA hatA. 176 caMpAnA bauddhadhama brAdANanI kanyA tibbarakSitane paNa pAchaLathI azoka para hatuM ane tenA rUpatithI te temAM ghaNo ja Asakata thaye hato, Ama chatAM kuNAlanA sAmrAjaya hakane kALajIpUrvaka saMbhALavAmAM teNe pUratuM lakSya rAkhyuM hatuM. kuNAla viSe maLatI hakIkato matabhedathI grasta che. keTalAMka purANe azokanA pachI kunAla, kuzAla ke suyazAnuM nAma Ape che ane eno rAjatvakAla 8 varSa lakhe che. keIka purANe suyazA (174) "tenA pitAnI jIvaleNa madagInI khabarathI te pATanagara tarapha ravAnA thaze. te samaye te ujajainamAM rahe che, evI laMkAvAsIomAM pracalita lokAthI mAnI zakAya evI che." hindustAnane prAcIna itihAsa (gu. va. so. mI. smIthanA 5bhA.) pR. 207 e (siMhaladvIpanI) daMtakathAmAM ema kahyuM che, ke, aLakane pitA jIvato hato te vakhate azoka ujayinIne mahAmAtra hato -azakayarita (gu. va. se. nuM) pR. 13 (15) "azoka ujajayinIne mahAmAtra hatA tyAre teNe dR' (zeTha)nI jJAtinI koI strI sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhe hato, hAlanA jillAnI pAsenA hAlanA besanagara (prAcIna vidizAnagara)mAM e strI rahetI hatI. -azokacarita (gu, va. se. nuM) 5. 13 "areke pote jyAre ujjainanA bApade hatA tyAre teNe prathama lagna karyuM hatuM te strI vivithAnagarInA eka vepArInI putrI hatI. teNIe vidizA nagarImAne meTa vihAra baMdhAvyuM hatuM ema kahevAya che. sAcI ane bhikSA mukAme je anya bAMdhakAma baMdhAvAya che temAM A vihAra (1) ghaNuM karIne sauthI pahelAmAM pahelo che." - rA. ku. mu. nuM azaka pR. 8 (aMgrejI parathI bhASAntara) (176) azokanA samaye vidizA paNa eka prasiddha nagarI hatI ane te eka jaina tIrtha tarIke jANItI hatI. tyAMnI jIvaMta svAmInI-zrI mahAvIra jIvaMta hatAM banAvelI temanI pratimAno bhAre mahimA hato, e jaina sAhityamAM prasiddha che. AvA saMjogomAM meM anumAna karyuM che ke azakanI e rANIne pitA ane vihAra baMdhAvanAra e rANI jaina hovI joIe. A samaye azoka pote paNa jene ja hatA, 17

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130 avatinuM Adhipatya. pachI dazathanuM nAma lakhe che teA khIjAM purANeA kuNAla ke kuzAla pachI andhupAlitanuM nAma lakhe che. 8 varSe rAjatvakAla che evA dazaratha ke khapAlita pachI purANA saMgata ( sanmati ) ke IndrapAlitanuM nAma Ape che ane tenA zavakAla 9 ke 10 vaSaeN jaNAve che. A sava* ullekha, azAka pachInA rAjakartA viSe purANeA aparicita hatAM ema sUcave che. jainatrathA, bauddhagraMthA ane matsyapurANa tA azeAka pachI saMprati, saptati ke saMpattine ja uttarAdhikArI tarIke pATalIputranA siMhAsane lAve che, kuNAla aAAkanI hayAtImAM ja madha banyA hatA ane rAjyano hakadAra maTI gayA hatA e hakIkata meM acenA AlekhanamAM jaNAvI ja177 dIdhI che. " sAmrAjyano hakadAra maTI javAthI yuvarAjane kumAra bhuktimAM apAtI urcanI tene cheADavI paDI ane te A pachI jIvAraka tarIke apAyalA eka maharSiMka gAmamAM (ke je vidizA hoya ke anya hoya tyAM) rahetA hatA. A gAmamAM rahetAM tene potAnI srI zatruzrIthI eka putra ratnanA janma thayA. peAte sAmrA jayano vArasa hota te peAtAnA A vaDIla putrano janmAtsava bhAre dhAmadhUmathI kAI judI ja rIte ujavavAnI suMdara taka maLI hAta, evA vicAra A vakhate kuNAlane sphurI Avye tarata ja te pATalIputra gayA ane eka ajANyA gavaiyA tarIke teNe, tenI gAnavidyAthI pATalIputramAM ati prasarelI kIrtithI AkarSita thayelA azekanI AgaLa javanikAnA aMtare rahI adbhuta gAna karyuM". enI gAndhava'kalAthI prasanna thayelA azoke tene yatheccha mAgavAnuM kahetAM teNe 'kAkriNI ' nI yAcanA karI. jemake H-- . ' paputto caMdaguttassa bindusArassa nacuo / asogasiriNo putta aMdho jAyaI kAgiNi // tethI e rANIthI janmelA putra kuNAlane vArasAmata dharma jaina ja maLye hateA. kuNAlane adha banAvavAnuM kAvatarUM eka bauddha rANIthI thayuM che tenA mULamAM paNa dhArmi ka hetu hAvAthI kAlanA jainatvanA anumAnanuM samatha'na thAya che. jaina sAhityamAM kuNAlanA putra sa`pratine bAlyakALathI paramA'ta' kahyo che tethI paNa samajAya che ke, kuNAla-tenA pitA jaine hAve joie ane sa'pratine tenA pitAne vArasAgata jainadhama, maLyA haze, bauddha lekhakA uparAkata (azekanI) rANInuM nAma anjimitrA ane tenA putra kuNulanuM nAma dharmavivadha na paNa lakhe che. A viSayamAM DA. tri le. zAha potAnA prAcIna bhAratavaSa bhA. 2 pR. 250 mAM TIppaNu para mu` AvI rIte kare che. "kuNAlanuM nAma dharma vivaCna hatuM. (rA. ku. mu. zeka pR. 8) divyAvadAnanA prakaraNa 27 mAM jaNAvela che ke, azeae pAtAnI rANI padmAvatInA peTe ( jIve nIce, TIpa0 53) je navIna putra janmyA hatA tenu nAma dhavaneM pADayuM hatuM. paNa tenA amAtyAe athavA khIdamatagArAe AMkhanuM soMya' joyuM ke, te teA himAlaya paryaMtanA' kuSNAla '' nAmanA pakSInI sAdaza che, eTale azake paNa tenu nAma mazkarImAM kuNAla pADI dIdhuM (pR. 8. TI. 1 rA. ku. mu.)" zrIyuta DAkTaranI 53 mI TIpa A rIte che. "tenuM nAma padmAvatI hatuM (re. ve. va. pu. 1 pR. 141 TI. na. pa6)" (177) jIvA AA lekhanuM pR. 70,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 131 azakane samajAyuM ke, kAkiNa yAcanAra kuNAla che ke tarata ja teNe javanikA dara karI dIdhI ne te pitAnA aMdha putrane AMsu nAkhavA pUrvaka bheTI paDaze. teNe prazna karyo ke, "kAkiNI jevuM atita cha kema mAgavAmAM Ave che, paNa mantrIonA kahevAthI azokane samajAyuM ke rAjakumAranI bhASAmAM "kAmiNane artha atya5 mUlyanuM nANuM nahi. paraMtu rAjya thAya che, tyAre te khinna thaI bolyo ke, kamanasIbe aMdha banele tuM rAjayane zuM karIza ? vatsa! tArI A asthAne mAgaNI kema ? javAbamAM kuNAle jaNAvyuM ke, mAre tyAM putrane janma thayo che. huM tamane patrajanmanI vadhAmaNI ApuM chuM. ane te potranA mATe rAjya mAguM chuM. kayAre janme enA uttaramAM kuNAle "saMprati-hAla jakhyo che ema kahyuM. e sAMbhaLI azake te bALakanuM nAma "saMprati rAkhI tene pitAnuM rAjya ApyuM."18 bRhakalpa zUrNimAM "rAjya ApyuM" pariziSTa parvamAM "daza divasa pachI dUdhapAna karatA evA paNa saMpratine azozrIe pitAnA rAjya para sthApyA;" kalpariNAlImAM "azokane putra kuNAla ane teno putra traNa khaMDane bhaktA saMprati hate. e rAjAne tenA dAdAe janmatAM ja rAjya ApyuM hatuM," AvA jainagraMthonA ullekho kahe che ke, saMpratine ati bAlyakALamAM ja rAjaya maLyuM hatuM, 179 paraMtu nizIthacUrNi kahe che ke, "azoke saMpratine kumArabhaktimAM ujayinI ApyuM."18deg A parathI bRha495rNi vigeranA "rAjya' zabdano artha yauvarAjya karo ke "rAjaya" ja kare e prazna che. ene uttara bahuzruta Ape te khare, paNa e to nakkI che ke, A pachInAM keTalAMka varSa sudhI saMpatinuM pAlana ane rAjyanuM saMcAlana azake ja karyuM hatuM. azoke A samaye saMpratine rAjya ApyuM haze paNa tene rItasarano abhiSeka te kadAca azokanA mRtyu pachI ja thayA haze. kuNAlane rAjattvakAla ane da. rathane rAjatvakAla ATha ATha varSa hatuM ema purANe lakhe che, '8' ane e bannene saMprati pahelAMnA rAjakartAo tarIke jaNAve che (178) ju A abhiprAyAI mATe pariziSTa parva. sarga 9 zlo. 34 thI para. (179) "jiM vAti baMdho jo, phaLo ati-mama puttathi saMta rAma -vRhatkacUrNi. " amoghavAgazokazrI-staM dazAhAdanantaram / samprati stanyapamapi, nije rAjye nyavIvizat // -pariziSTa parva. sanaM. 9 0 5ra " tasya suta: kuNAlastannaMda nastrikhaMDabhokA sampratinAmA bhUpatirabhUt , sa ca jAta. mAga pitAmahArAH -kapariNAvalI (ma. ma. dhamasAmarakata ka5traTIkA) (180) "joLI re kumAramorA gior." -nizIthacUrNi (181) matsya sivAyanAM purANa. matsyapurANu te azoka pachI saMpratine ja lAve che. jemake: "triMzattu samA rAjA, bhavitA'zoka eva c| saptati (saMprati) rdaza varSANi, tasya naptA bhaviSyati // rAjA dazaratho'STau tu, tasya putro bhaviSyati // " -masyapurANu a0 272

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132 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. e gerasamaja mULa saMpratine zArpaNa ane tene rAjyAbhiSe, e be banAve vaccenA samayane nikAla na karavAmAM ja raheluM hoya te nA nahi. himavaMtagaeNrAvalI ujajayinIne kaNavanI bhukti tarIke jaNAve che, nahi ke saMpratinI. eno artha e thAya che ke, saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka bhalene, pAchaLathI thaye heya, paraMtu rAjyA paNa te janmatAM ja thayuM hatuM. Ama chatAM gherAvalI ma. ni. 244 varSe thayelA azokanA mRtyuthI ja rAjatvakAla gaNatI heI, te pUrvenAM varSo azokanA ja rAjatvakAlamAM nAMkhe che te pachI ene artha e thAya che ke, saMpratinA janmakALe azoke tene yauvarAjya ja ApyuM hatuM. arthAta; himavatabherAvalI paNa ApaNane anizcitatAmAM ja rAkhI bahuzrute pAse javAba meLavavAnuM vanita kare che. sarve graMthakAre kabula kare che ke, saMprati pATalIputranA siMhAsane Avyo hato, paNa janasAhityamAM ApaNe saMpratine avantimAM rahelo ane ujajayinImAM kAMI kAMI pravRtti karatA vAMcIe chIe. zrI hemacandrasUrijI AnuM samAdhAna karatAM kahe che ke, "rAjAo pitAnI bhUmimAM kaMIka vakhata yAMka te vaLI bIjI kaIka vakhata bIje kayAMka vasatA hAya che."183 paraMtu himavaMtarthazAvalI parathI samajAya che ke, saMpratie rAjyaprApti pachInAM be varSa pATalIputramAM gALyA bAda pachIthI tenuM nivAsa sthAna mukhya rIte ujajayanI ja rahyuM hatuM. "pitAnA aneka zatruonA bhayane lIdhe ja pATalIputranI rAjadhAnI cheDavAnI tene AvazyakatA paDI hatI." ema therAvalI khApaNane kahI rahI che. azokanA mRtyu samayane AlekhatA divyAvadAnAdi graMtha saMpratine mATe je "lobhAndha" Adi tuccha vizeSaNe vApare che tethI paNa samajAya che ke, azokanA mRtyu bAda baudhdho taraphathI saMpratanI viruddhamAM pahelAMthI paNa vadhAre padya racAtAM haze. e bhayathI ja azokane pitAnI hayAtI chatAM paNa kuNAla yuvarAjane ujajayinI khaseDavo paDa hatuM, ane chatAM ta SayaMtrane lega banA aMdhatvane pAmyA hatA. nirdaya ane anucita sAphasuphI karavA nahi IcchatA Ajanma paramahaMta saMpratine pitAne saMbhavita aniSTathI bacavAne ane sukhethI rAjya calAvavAne mArga rAjadhAnInuM sthaLAMtara samajAye haze athavA hiteSI mantrIoe samajAvyuM haze. saMbhava che ke, rAjadhAnI pheravavAnAM kAraNe potAnI virudhdha racAtAM vayaMtra sivAya anya-sAmrAjyanA kArobAramAM bhAratanA lagabhaga kendra (12) saMniSo vi vADhiputtAi ziyALenaramayaM muttA saM padA itaNAM punyi NiyapiubhuttiladdhAvaMtINayarImmi Thio suhaMsuheNaM rajjaM kuNA / hima therA 1 pR. 4 (mudrita) (18) "tI tirUpo, kagmvinI purI jaya cAri sinsa, svamUnI di mahAmunaH " -pariziSTaparva. sarga 11 e. 20

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 133 sthaLamAM hovAne lIdhe pATalIputranA karatAM ujajayinInI vizeSa anukUlatA vigere paNa hoya. pazcimanA pradeza para adhikAra zarU thayo tyArathI ja magadhanA samrAToe ujajayinIne mahattva ApI tyAM mukhya rAjakumAranI-yuvarAjanI subedArI rAkhavAnuM tathA pAchaLanA samayamAM mo samrAToe jAte paNa vakhatovakhata tyAM rahI pazcima taraphanA prAMta para najara rAkhavAnuM cAluM rAkhyuM hatuM. game tema paNa have, ajAtazatrunA samayamAM caMpA rAjadhAnI banatAM rAjagRhImAM peTAzAkhA sthapAI tenI gaNatA thaI gaI tema, ujajayinI rAjadhAnI banatAM pATalIputramAM peTAzAkhA sthapAI tenI gaNatA thaI gaI himavatarAvalI kahe che ke, "ma. ni. 246 varSa A peTAzAkhAne rAjA a ne putra puNyaratha hate" 184 aMdha thavAnA kAraNe kuNAlanuM yuvarAjapada naSTa thatAM je rAjakumArane yuvarAja pade sthApI kumArabhuktimAM ujajayinI ApI hatI te rAjakumAra ja A puNyaratha rAjA haze, ema lAge che. chellI sadInA arvAcIna lekhake pATalIputranI gAdI Ama puNayarathane nImI cAlu rakhAI tene magadha sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA mAne che, paraMtu jainasAhitya parathI samajAya che ke, e sAmrAjyanA bhAgalA nathI, paNa pATalIputranA pradeza mATe kAyama eka navIna prabaMdha che. Aja sudhI e pradeza samrATanI sIdhI sattA nIce rahe, avanti ane tenA hAtha nIcenA pradezone vahIvaTa yuvarAjanI mAraphate thatuM ane anya moTA prAntane vahIvaTa anya rAjakumAranI mAraphate thatuM. candraguptanA samayathI athavA tethI ya pahelAMnA samayathI je AvI rItane ravaiye paDI gayo hato temAM sAmrAjyanI rAjadhAnI badalAvAthI A samaye jarUra pheraphAra thaye. avanti samrATanI sIdhI hakumata nIce AvyA, jyAre pATalIputrane pradeza tyAMnA mAMDalikarAjA mAraphate hakumatavALo bajo, ke jevI rIte rAjagRhIne pradeza ghaNA samayathI mAMDalika rAjAo mAraphate hakumatavALo banyuM hatuM. prAMtanA rAjakumAra mahAmAtro-subAo vizAla sattA dharAvanArA hovAthI prAMtanA prajAjanenI ane graMthakAranI daSTie e samayamAM teo rAjAo ja hatA, paraMtu temanI apekSAe banI zake tyAM sudhI kAyamI ane vArasAgata nImaNukane laI rAjagRhInA rAjAomAM khAsa vizeSatA hatI. pATalIputranI navIna vyavasthAmAM paNa evI vizeSatA hatI ema therAvalInA ullekhathI samajAya che, paNa tene artha e na karavo joIe ke, rAjagRhInA ke pATalIputranA rAjAo magadha sAmrAjyathI svataMtra hatA. rAjagRhInI peTAzAkhA virodhI baMDakhora tarIke ubhI thaI nathI. e viSe pUrve lakhAI ja gayuM che. pATalIputranI piTAzAkhA paNa virodhI baMDakhora tarIke ubhI na thatAM saMpatinA hAthe ja UbhI karAI che ane te ujajayinInA tAbe ja hatI. jainagraMthakAra "saMprati IndranI jema pracaMDa zAsanavALe hato" (184, pATaliputtammi ya Nayare asoaNivaputto puNNaraho vi vIrAo chayAlIsA hiya-dosayavAsesu vizkatesu sugayadhammArAhago rajjammi Thio // " hima gherA pa. 5 (mudrita)

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134 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. traNa khaMDane letA hataAvI rIte lakhI rahyA che,85 tethI uparokta vAtanuM samarthana thAya che. himavaMtarAvalI ema te kahe che ke, puNyaratha bauddhadharmArAdhaka hatuM. ane e paNa saMbhava che ke, aMdhatvanA kAraNe kuNAlane sAmrAjya haka naSTa thatAM te puyarathane phALe bAvate hoya. AvI sthitimAM ene sAmrAjyanA siMhAsana para lAvavA AjubAjunuM dhArmika vAtAvaraNa sakriya banyuM haze, paraMtu kuNAlanA vAstavika hakane rAjakulamAMthI racAyelA paDyagnane laI geravAjabI rIte DUbA hovAthI, jyAre aze ke vacanathI baMdhAI, Aya rAjavaMzonI paraMparA pramANe bina hakadAra evA paNa saMpratine hakadAra banAvavAnuM mAthe lIdhuM tyAre puyaratha te kAryanI sAthe sahamata thaye haze. vaNa ane vaDIlanA game tevA hukamo vadhAvI levAnI vRtti mauryarAja kuMvaramAM kevuM pradhAnatva bhogavatI hatI e, kuNAlanA jAte aMdha banavAnA banAvathI ApaNane ajANyuM nathI. puNya ane puya sAthenA sazuNenuM AkarSaNa paNa, puNyarathane pitAne haka jate karavAmAM ane pAchaLathI thaI rahelI uzkeraNI mAM paNa saMprati prati vajanatA sAcavI rAkhavAmAM kAma karI rahyuM haze, ema je kaMI kahe to te paNa barAbara ja che. pUrva janmamAM upArjana karelA puNyathI ane puyasahacArI sadaguNathI ja saMpratine rAjyaprApti Adi thayAM hatAM, e hakIkata pahelAM kahevAI ja gaI che. sAmrAjya haka jato karanAra ma. ni. 246 varSe pATalIputrane rAjA bananAra puNyaratha azokane putra hato ema himavaMtartharAvalI kahe che, paraMtu e nAma tathA teNe lakheluM "ma. ni. 280 varSe pATalIputranI gAdIe AvanAra tenA baudhadhamI putra vRdhdharathanu"196nama ItihAsamAM keIpaNa sthaLe jovA maLatuM nathI, jayAre keTalAMka purANamAM saMgata ke Indrapavita pahelAM dazaratha ke badhupAlita, ane pachI zAlikanuM nAma levAmAM Ave che. uparAMta, khalatika (gayAnI pAsa) parvataparanI guphAmAM dazarathanuM nAma kotarAyeluM jovAmAM Ave che.187 A (185) "jaLa vadhavA mAsa, mattAI rakSiA kAjarAna cAmUra, pArAnamaH | pariziSTa parva sa. 90 54 "trikhaMDabhoktA saMpratinAmA bhUpatirabhUt / -kalpakiraNa valI. (189) "se vi ya Na bIrAo dosayaasI ivAsesu viikkatesu niyaputtaM vuDDharahaM rajje ThA pattA paraloyaM patto / taM vi sugayadhammANugaM vuDDharahaM." mi. therA- pU. 5 (mudrita) (187) "azokano pautra dazaratha te kharekharI jIvaMta vyakita hatI. kAraNa ke tenA dAdAe barAbara TekarIonI pAse AjIvane guphAgRhe karAvI ApyAM hatAM tema nAgAjunI TerIo AgaLa te tene mATe teNe taiyAra karelI guphAgrahanI lIto paranA TuMkA arpaNa lekhethI tenI hayAtInI

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avatinuM Adhipatya. 135 uparathI anumAna thAya che ke, puNyarathanuM bIjuM nAma dazaratha ane vRdhdharathanuM bIjuM nAma zAlizUka teA nahi heAya; paNa lagabhaga badhAya saMzASake dazarathane azokane pautra kahe che ane zAlizUkane suyazAno (kuNAlano) putra kaDe che; 188 tyAre uparIkta anumAna prAmANika hAA viSe zakA thAya che. mane te lAge che ke, dazaratha ane zAlizUka e, azAkanA rAjakAle vidyamAna rAjagRhInA mauya rAjA khalabhadra, ke jeNe ma. ni. 214 varSe anyaktamatavAdI thayelA ASADhAcAyanA ziSyAnI sAna layaDhazanathI ThekANe ANI hatI, tenA pachI anukrame AvanAza rAjAe che; ane puNyatha tathA vRddharatha e, pATalIputramAM navI zarU thayelI peTAzAkhAnA rAjA che. purANA dazarathanA rAjattvakAla 8 varSa ane zAlikanA rAjattvakAla 10 ke 13 varSa lakhe che, paraMtu dazarathanA e rAjattvakAla ghaNA ja ochA che. lAge che ke, ma. ni. 244 varSe saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka thayA tethI pUrvenAM ATha 8 varSa dazathanA rAjakAtanAM lakhI, ma, ni. 244 thI 279 sudhInAM 35 vaSa purANAe paDatAM mukayAM che. zAlizUkanA rAjattvakAla tA ma. ni. 279 thI 289 sudhI 10 varSa athavA teA khAsa karIne ma. ni. 279 thI 292 sudhI 13 varSa haze puNyaratha ane vRddharatha e bauddhadhamI hatA tyAre dazaratha ane zAlika jaina dhamI haze ema lAge che. 189 himavata therAvalI pramANe ' vRddhAthanA rAjattvakAla ma. jANu thAya che. dazarathanA lekheAnI lipi, bhASA tathA zailI uparathI jaNAya che, ke tenA samaya azAkanI bahu samIpanA hovA joie. rAjyamAM nahi te! tenA pUrvabhAgeAmAM te te tenI pachI sattAmAM AvyA haze." --hindustAnanA prAcIna itihAsa ( gu. va. seA. nuM ) pUrvA` pR. 254 prArcana bhAratavarSanA lekhaka, dazathane kuNAlanA bhrAtAne putra hAvAnI kalpanA kare che ane tee tenA rAjavakAla 27 varSathI paNa vadhAre haivAnI mAnyatA tenA lekha parathI ja dharAve che juve, temanuM pustaka 'prAcIna bhAratavaSa' bhAga 2 pR. 29 thI 301 ane pR. 397 (188) 5Data jAyasvAlajI ( juve J. B. O. R. S. sept 1928 P. 416) mA zAlika mATe lakhe che ke, 'te azokanA putra kuAla phe sumazAneA putra hatA. " prAcIna bhAratavaSa bhAga 2 pR. 402 (189) purANA parathI samajAya che ke, dazaratha e ja badhupAlita che. paNa e 'pAlita ' kevI rIte hatA te samajI zakAya tema nathI. zuM te tenA pitAnA baMdhuthI pAlita thayA haze mATe baMdhupAlita kahevAtA haze? ane jo te kuNAlathI pAkSita ane kuNAlanI mAtA vaizyakumArIthI janmelA hAya teA tenAmAM jaita saskAra DrAvA sabhava che tethI meM anumAna karyuM che ke, te jainadhamI haze bAkI, jJAlikanA mATe gasahitA je tiraskAranuM valaNa darzAve che tathA tenA viSe je kAMI lakhe che te parathI te jainadharmI haze ema mAnavAne kAMi harakata nathI. A mATe DaeN, tri la. zAha 'prAcIna bhAratavaSa'' bhAga 2 mAM pR. 401 para AvI rIte TIpa kare cheH-- ' . x (, ) juve| mauya. sA. itihAsa. pR. 653-671 tathA gaMhitA. bhASAMtara buddhiprakAza pu. 76, aMka 3, pR. 88: yanakarmane dhvaMsa karanArA, prakRtinA, adharmI, bhraSTa buddhine te zAlizu! rAjA nimAye chate| saurASTanI OM'jADI jaitaprajAne mukhe meATAbhAi sa'pratinI khyAti aDhAvI jainadharmanI dhASA vartAvatA. ) ' zlAka 16 thI 26 (jenuM akarmane! rasiyA, duSTa prajAne trAsadAyaka rIte

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. ni. 280 thI 304 sudhI ema 24 varSa 1deg che" e rAjAne enA senApati puSyamitre vadha karI teNe tenA sthAne pitAnA putra bRhaspatimitrane besADo hato. 191 rAjagRhInI peTAzAkhA para zAlizaka pachI vRSasena Avyo hato, teNe ma. ni. 292 thI 301 sudhI ane te pachI puSpavarmA AvyuM hatuM, teNe ma. ni. 301 thI 308 sudhI rAjya karyuM hatuM. A puSyadhamane ma. ni. 308 varSe pATalIputranA zuMgavaMzI rAjA puSyamitranA putra bRhaspatimitre mArI nAMkhyuM hatuM, ke je hakIkatano ulalekha hAthIguphAvALA khAravelanA zilAlekhamAM thayo che. A viSayanI spaSTatA AgaLa karavAmAM Avaze. 12 ahiM te saMpratinA viSe ja je kAMI maLI Ave che tene ja theDuM ghaNuM AlekhIe. samrA saMpratine mahAna magadha sAmrAjya vArasAmAM maLyuM hatuM. tenA sAmrAjaya viSe lakhatAM jainasAhitya kahe che ke-"mauvaMza sAmrAjyazaktinI caDatI paDatImAM "caturA'-javanA jevuM hatuM. balavAhanAdi vibhavamAM candragupta (chelA nathI ) adhika hatuM. temAM tethI ya adhika bindusAra ane bindusArathI adhika azoka hatuM, jyAre saMprati temAM azekathI ya adhika-pUrva maurya rAjAothI utkRSTa hatuM. A pachI maurya vaMzanI anukrame balavAhanAdi vaibhavamAM utaratI kakSA thaI. arthAta; saMpratine balavAhanA velava "avanavruturA' javanA madhyanI jema sarva mAya samrATomAM vizAla hate." 1 saMpratinA balavAhanAdi viSe evI neMdha maLe che ke, "tenA tAbAmAM ATha hajAra rAjAo hatA tathA te pacAsa hajAra hAthI, eka kroDa gheDA, sAta koTha (100) puNyarathanA mahAvIra nirvANathI ra80 varSe svargastha thayA bAda vRddharatha rAjya para A hato ema lakhI hima therAvavI jaNAve che ke, bauddha dharmAnuyAyI te rAjAne mArI tene senAdhipati puSamitra ma. nirvANuthI 304 varSe pATalIputranA rAjaya para beThe." juvo te mULa pATha - ___taM vi sugayadhammANugaM vuDDharahaM NivaM mAritA seNAhivai-puSphamitto vIrAmoNaM tisayAhiyacauvAsesu viikkatesu pADaliputtarajje Thio" . hima therA, pR. 5 (mukita) ' (191) hima therAvaNI "puSyamitra rAjyapara beThe ' ema lakhe che, paNa khAravelanA zilAlekhathI e nakI che ke, khAravelanI magadhaparanI tenA rAjyanA 8mI ane 12mA varSe eTale ma. ni. 308 ane ma. ni. 312 mAM karAyelI caDhaHI vakhate magadhano rAjakartA-pATalIputrano rAjakata bahaspati mitra hatuM, paNa puSyamitra nahi. himavaMtazUrAvalInA lakhANuno artha eTale ja samajavAne che ke, puSyamitra rAjyane sarvarIte saMcAlaka hate. (192) enuM prasaMge pAta sUcana huM pUrve paNa karI gayo chuM. (193) "navamakSaviMre-(1)-kathA vo namAje pRthu, AsAvajo 4 TInaH evaM mauryavaMzo'pi / tathAhi-candraguptastAvad bahulavAhanAdivibhUtyA vibhUSita AsIt , tato bindusAro bRhattarastatopyazokazrIvRhattamastataH saMpratiH sarvotkRSTaH / tato bhUyo'pi tathaiva hAniravasAtavyA, evaM yavamadhyakalpaH saMpratinRpatirAsIt / "

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 137 pAyadaLa vigerenuM lazkarI khaLa dharAvatA hatA." A noMdhamAM atizayakti thaI DAya tema lAge che, chatAM atizayAkti thaI che ne te keTalI thaI che enA nizcaya thaI zake tema nathI. broka elacI megenthanIse lIdhelI kahevAtI naSa pramANe " candraguptanA lazkaramAM nava hajAra hAthI, trIza hajAra savAra ane cha lAkha pAyadaLa hatuM. " 194 nandanA195 karatAM A lazkara anukrame lagabhaga bamaNuM, DhaDhuM ane traNa gaNuM manAyuM che. ane te saMbhavita che. pazu candraguptanA karatAM uparAsta noMdha pramANe saMpratinuM lazkara anukrame lagabhaga sADApAMcagaNuM, savAtraNaseAgaNu ane sagaNuM thAya che. AthI ja e saMkhyA viSe atizayAktinI zaMkA thAya che, pachI te je satya hoya te kharuM.196 kahe che keH "sa`pra tie pAtAnA apratiDhuta sainyathI zatruenI senAene jItI hatI ane Antra, drAviDa, mahArASTra ane kuDu vigere dezone peAtAnA tAbe manAvyA hatA. 197 14 5cUrNa kAra paNa kahe che ke;-" saMpratie ujjayinI peAtAnA tAme-sIdhA adhikAramAM laI tyAM rahetAM chatAM AkhA dakSiNApatha tAme karyA-karAvyo."198 nizItha kAra paNa lakhe che ke;" sa...pratie saurASTraviSaya ane Andhra tathA drAviDa tAme ryAM hatA." 199 himavata therAvalI uparAsta ullekheAthI judI paDatI hoya tema jaNAve che. ke;- kaliMga, mahArASTra, saurASTra, Adi janapado ati parAkramI evA azoke svAdhIna karyo hatA." saMbhava che ke, azoke jItelA saurASTra mAdi janapadoe saMpratinA rAjyAbhiSekanI lagabhaganA samayamAM svataMtra thavA mAthuM uMcakayuM hAya ane tethI sa'pratine temane ekavAra pharIthI rakhAvI daI tAme karavAnI pharaja bajAvavI paDI hAya. AvA eka samatha' samrATane samaye ane tenAmAM (94) hindustAnaneA prAcIna itihAsa (gu. va. se.) pUrva pR. 172. A uparAMta rathanuM paNa moTuM sainya hatuM. e rathA mahApadmanandanI pAse 8000 ratha hatA tenI apekSAe dhaNA ja vadhAre haze. (195) legjhAnDarane je muka rAjAnu' lazkara heAvA viSe sAMbhaLavAmAM AvyuM hatu te jo nanda ja hAya tA, tenuM lazkara 20000 dhADesvAra, 200000 pAyadaLa ane 3000Y Y000 hAthI uparAMta 2000 tha pramANe hatuM. mane lAge che ke te rAjA nanda mahApadma ja hatA. enuM lazkara samaya vatAM vadhyuM hAya tema jaNAya che. kAraNa ke hindustAnanA prAcIna itihAsa 'mAM mahApadmanuM lazkara 80000 gheADesvAra, 200000 pAyadaLa 6000 hAthI ane 8000 ratha pramANanuM kahyuM che. juve hiM. prA. i. pUrvAdha rR. 172. (196) sa'pratinA lazkarI khaLa viSenA samarthana mATe jue, DaoN. tri. la. zAhanuM pustaka samrAT priyadarzI' x x x athavA jainasamrAT sa'prati.' pR. 383, 382. (197) ' kuDu ' deza, e dhaNA bhAge karNATaka hAvA sabhava che. (198) "sAde tena saMpaLA ujjainI AraMjADuM visAvaddo sabhyo ta trivi bhajjAvito --kapacaNi / 18 (199) " teNa suraTThavisayo aMdhA damilA ya bhoyaviyA " --nizIyasUAi 1

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138 vatinuM Adhipatya rahelA jainattvanI viruddhapakSI spardhAe itihAsamAMthI sAva bhUsI nAkhavA ke nahivat karI nAkhavA puSkaLa prayatna karyA che; chatAM Aje paNa jainasAhritya tenA dhArmika jIvana viSe alpa paNa atimahatvanuM ke ke sUcana karI rahyuM che ane jainaparaparA tenA nAmanI sAthe sauMbadha dharAvatAM keTalAMka sthApatyAdine eLakhAvI rahI che.200 jainAcAyonA graMthAmAM 201nAMdhAyalA supratinA jIvana viSenA prasa MgAnuM sakSipta tAraNa A pramANe che:-- " saMprati pUrva janmamAM 8 raka ' hatA. teNe kauzAmbImAM jaina zramaNeAne bhIkSAthe jatA joyA. A samaye dubhikSa haiAtAM chatAM paNa bhaktimAe sAdhuone sArI rIte bhIkSA ApI. ke sAdhuenI pAchaLa thai aAhAra mAgye paNa emAM sAdhuoe peAte svatantra na heAvAnuM kahetAM te sAdhuonI pAchaLa pAchaLa vasatie-upAzraye AvyA. sAdhue e 'kanI AhAra saMbaMdhI yAcanA viSe AcArya suhastine mAhitagAra karyA. A -kramaka bhavAntaramAM pravacanane- zAsanane AdhArabhUta thaze ema AcAye jANI priyavacanathI kahyuM ke, 'dIkSA svIkAra kare tA bhAjana maLe.' bhAjanalAbhanA mATe ja 'ke dIkSA lIdhI ane tene AkarDa medakAdi bhejana maLyuM paNa atibheAjananA pariNAme zvAsa rUMdhAI jatAM tenuM teja rAte maraNu thayuM. kanI e dIkSA avyaktabhAvanI hatI, paraMtu mRtyu samaye tenAmAM madhyasthabhAva jAgavAthI ane avyaktabhAvanI dIkSA hatAM chatAM tenA pratye khatAvAyalA AdarabhAvathI tene dIkSA prati sAcA Adara ane anumAina thaI javAthI, te mRtyu pAmI azekanA putra kuNAlanA tyAM janma pAmyA. tenA dAdAe tenuM saMprati nAma rAkhyuM ane tene magadhanuM sAmrAjya ApyuM. samrAT banelA teNe saurASTra ane dakSiNApathane tAbe karyAM. sukhe sAmrAjya bhAgavatAM teNe ekadA rathayAtrAmAM krUratA Asuhastine joyA ane temane jotAM ja te paricita hoya tema lAgyA. tene uDhApAha thayA ane aMte mUrcchita thayA. mUcho vaLatAM tene jAtismaraNa jJAna thayuM. e jJAnanA khaLe tene potAnA pUrvabhavanI 'krasthitinA (200) amuka prakAranI bAMdhaNI parathI saMkhyAbaMdha jainamandine ane para parAgata zruti parathI sakhyAbaMdha jinamUti ne sapratinA sarjana tarIke Aje jetaparaparA eLakhAvI rahI che. mevADa, mAravADa, kAThiyAvADa (zatruMjaya, giranAra Adi) vigeremAM dhAM ya jainama'dirA sa'pratinAM baMdhAvelAM kahevAya che. hiM. prA. itihAsa-pR. 254 para TI. 1mAM lakhyuM che ke, "ajamerathI dakSiNa tathA naiRtya vaccenA khUNAmAM teTale ja Rtare khuMdI-mevADa vaccenA eka agatyanA dhaTanuM rakSaNa karatA jahAgapuranA killo teNe badhAtmyA ema manAya che, paMdaramA saikAmAM rANA kuMbhAe ene pharI badhAvyo. prAcIna jaina madirAnI hayAtIthI e du'tathAte TekA maLe che" A TIpanI zarUAtamAM lakhyuM che ke, "dolanA maMdiramAMnI eka prAcIna jaina hastalikhita pratamAM ApelI kiMmatI sAlavArImAM te kAla virATa saMvata 202nA ApelA che " : ' virATa saMvata ' A lakhANu ke vAMcana kharAkhara hoya tema lAgatuM nathI 'vIra'nA badale virATa ane '293'nA "le 202, ema thai gayeluM lAge che) (201) pariziSTa pava ( sa, 11 zve. 23 thI 123 ) Adi,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 139 ane AsuhastinA saMbaMdhano tathA audarika mRyuno anubhava thayo. te gokhathI UtarI AcAryanA pagamAM paDyo. teNe potAnI oLakha viSe AcAryane pUchayuM. AcAryuM jJAna baLe tene oLakhyo ane tenI pUrvabhavanI sthiti kahI saMbhaLAvI. potAnA jAtismaraNa jJAnanI khAtrI thatAM teNe kRtajJatA batAvavA pUrvaka kahyuM ke-"bhagavad ! tamArI kRpAthI huM * A sthAna-padane pAme chuM. tame cAritra na ApyuM heta te jenAthI rahita evA mArI zI dazA thAta. te kRpA karI mane AjJA kare ke huM zuM karuM? pUrva janmanA upakArI tamAre huM devAdAra maTI zakuM tema nathI. pUrva janmanI jema A bhavamAM paNa tame mArA guru che. tame mane kartavyanI zikSA ApI anugraha kare.' Arya suhastio pachI A bhava tathA parabhavamAM sukhadAyI evA janamane svIkAra karavA saMmatine AjJA karI. saMmatie AcAryanI pAse samyaktvapUrvaka zrAvakanAM vate agIkAra karyo ane pradhAna zrAvaka baje, havethI te trikAla jinapUjA, sAdhamika vAtsalya, kAruNyabhAvathI dIna hIna vigerene pUrvanA karatAM atyadhika dAna Adi dhamakaraNa karavA lAgyA. "traNa khaMDanA joktA pratApI te rAjAe dakSiNa bhAratane jinamadirethI maMDita karyuM." teNe savA lAkha navIna jinamaMdira baMdhAvyAM, savA karoDa jina-pratimAo bharAvI, chatrIza hajAra jinamanidAne jIrNoddhAra karAvyo. 203 dararoja eka eka manijarane jIrNoddhAra thayAnA samAcAra sAMbhaLyA bAda te daMtazuddhi karate hate. ujajayinInA jaina saMghe Arya suhastinI hAjarImAM eka mahAna cityayAtsava karyo hato te vakhate Aryasuhasti ane samrATra saMprati paNa nirantara e utsavanA aMge racelA maMDapamAM hAjarI ApatA hatA. A utsavane aMte rathayAtrA (22) tArI batAva , a gvajAthI vizvanuM marato, ninAdatnmnndditm / pariSTi parva. sarma, 11 glAka 65 (203) "yairAryamuhastibhirdurbhikSe sAdhubhyo bhikSA yAcamAno dramako dIkSitaH sa mRtvA zreNikasutakoNikasutodAyipaTToditanavananda paTTodbhUtacandraguptasutabindusArasutaazokadhAsu. takuNAlaputraH sampratinAmA'bhUt sa ca jAtamAtra eva pitAmahadattarAjyo rathayAtrApravRttazrIAryamuhastidarzanAjjAtajAtismRtiH sapAdalakSa ( 1250.. ) jinAlaya-sapAdakoTi (12500000) navInabimba-patriMzatsahasra (36000) jIrNoddhAra-pazcanavatisahasra (95000) pittalamayapratimA-anekazatasahasrasatrazAlAdibhirvibhUSitAM trikhaNDAmapi mahImakarot / yattu kiraNApalItA sapAda koTinavInajinabhavanetyuktaM taccintyam , antarvAcyAdau sapA. vItaranA " -mahAmahopAdhyAya zrIvinayavijayajIracita kaha5subAdhikA pR. 160 (de. lA. mudrita ). () antarvAya vigera'no ulekha bhalAmaNa tarIke karAto hovAthI samajAze ke samatinI bAM jinamaMdira Adi nirmApanI hakIkata lakhava. mAM AvI che te nirAdhAra nathI. himavatagherAvalI paNa kahe che ke -"sa pratie) Anipa viNAyAvikrayA yvI sahiA ' -hima0 therA, pR. 5 (mudrita)

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{ [140 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. karavAmAM AvI hatI. 2thazAlAmAMthI nIkaLele jinAtha jinapratimAthI alaMkRta karI zrAvakee te pratimAnI bhaktinAM sarva aMgothI pUjA karI. A pachI teoe svayaM te rathane vahana karI vAjate gAjate gIta-gAna, rAsa-prekSaNIya pUrvaka nagarImAM sthaLe sthaLe sthira rAkhatAM rAkhatAM pheravyo. ane aMte tene rAjadvAre laI gayA. saMpratie A vakhate vidhipUrvaka prabhunuM pUjana karyuM. A utsavanA prasaMge saMpratie prAntIya sAmatone paNa bolAvyA hatA. e sAmaMta rAjAone jainadharmamAM zraddhAna karAvavA pUrvaka teNe kahyuM ke-"tame mane svAmI tarIke vyAdi pradAna kare ene huM priya karyuM mAnatA nathI, paNa tame suvihita zramaNanA upAsaka bane te mane priya karyuM manAze." AvA prakAranI AjJA karI vidAya karelA te sAmatee pitA potAnA dezamAM ahiMsA pravartAvI, sAdhuonI upAsanA karavA mAMDI, rathayAtrAdi karavA mAMDayAM ane cityapUjAdi AraMbhyAM. prAntadezamAM pravartelA-pravartAvAyalA zrAvakAcArathI te dezo paNa sAdhuonA vihArane gya banyA. bIjI tarapha saMmatie anArya deze paNa sAdhuonA vihArane egya bane tethI tyAM vezadhArI sAdhuone mokalI temanI mAraphate, jaina sAdhuone zuddha AhArAdi kevI rIte devAM, e tyAMnA anAryone zikhavavAnuM zarU karyuM, ane e rIta anAyakeze paNa sAdhuvihArane yegya banI gayA. "A jaina samrATe maNusaMghanI pariSad meLavI hatI ane tenI AgaLa teNe pitAnA rAjyamAM sarvatra sAdhuone vihAra karAvI dharmapracArane dharmapravartana karavAnI vinaMti karI hatI. 204 zramaNasaMghe e vinaMti para lakSya rAkhI saMpratinA tAbAnA Arya dezomAM tathA anArya dezomAM sAdhuone melI tyAM dharmapracAra ne dharmapravartana karyuM hatuM. dIna hInAhinA mATe te teNe pitAnA pUrvajanmanI bibhatsa raMkasthiti tathA bhUkhALavA peTa ati AhAra karavAthI thayela audarika mRtyune marI, pahelAMthI ja ujajayinInA cAre daravAje mahAsatro-bhejanadAnazAlAo khAlI hatI. e satrazAlAomAM bacelo AhAra, tathA bajAramAM vecAtA AhAranuM mUlya rAjyamAMthI maLI zakaze evI saMpratie ApelI khAtrIthI ujayinImAM miSTAnna Ada vecanArAothI apAtAM AhArAdi Arya suhastinA sAdhuo levA lAgyA hatA ane te tarapha Arya suhasti bedarakArI batAvatA hatA te joi, AryamahAgirijIe temane upAlaMbhA Apo. suharitasUrijIe mAphI mAgI paNa dhUlabhadrathI utkRSTatAmAM UtaratI sAmAcArI thaze e vIra vacanane yAda karatAM temaNe AryasRhatine nahi paraMtu samayane ja deSa mAnI samabhAva dhAraNa karyo, paNa sAmAcArI vyavahAra te pitAnA samudAyanA mATe alaga ja rAkhe, ke jethI AcAranI bhinnatAne laI beu samudAyanA sAdhuomAM dArzanika vyAmeha na thAya." __(204) "iha soccA saMpaiNi veNaM tattha avaMtINayarIe bahuNiggaMTha-NiggaMThINa parisA meliyA, Niyarajjammi jiNadhammappabhAvaNavittharahA NANAvihagAmaNayaresu samaNA pesiyA " mi. therA5 (mudvita)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 141 jinamandira ane jinamUrti enA parivata ke| tathA viSNu sakeAnA hAthe jainatvanI nizAnI dAkhavatuM saghaLuMya sthApatyAdi nAza pAmyA chatAM ya, e mULa rUpe ke jIrNoddhAra rUpe mevADa, mAravADa ane sAraTha Adi pradezeAmAM kAMka kyAMka jovAmAM Ave che. anya mandirA ane mUrtiothI judI paDatI saMpratinA madirA ane mUrti AnI kahevAtI khAsIyata ane temAM jaNAtI sahaja prAcInatA Aje paNa ApaNane e rAjAnI yAda devaDAve che. e vAta kharI che ke, sapratinI pravRttie viSenA tenA samayanA ke te pachInA tatkAlanA samayanA akSarA Aje ApaNane upalabdha thayA nathI. e samayamAM ane e pachInA paNa lAMbA samayamAM peAtAnAM kAryAnI sAthe peAtAnA nAmanI ke evI kei anya jAherAta karavAnI paddhati ja ochI hatI. 'kAnu kumAna che' e jaNAvavAnI khAsa mahatvabharI AvazyakatAne ja laI na chUTake peAtAnAM kmAnAmAM ane tenA zilAlekhAmAM priyadarzIne * devAnaMpiya vicakSI rAnA' lakhavuM paDyu che. e ApaNe bhUlavuM joie nahi ke, temAM paNa peAtAnA prasiddha birudathI ja kAma levAyuM che, ke je biruda sAmAnya nAma jevuM ja che. e jamAnAnI praNAlI pramANe, A suhastinA darzanathI peAtAnA pUrvabhavanI jAtinA smarto vratadhArI mahAzrAvaka saMprati nAmarUpanuM bahu mahatva na mAne ane kAi paNa ThekANe tene na katarAve te temAM kAMI navAI nathI. zrImahAvIranI hayAtimAM bharAvelI pratimAomAM tathA saMpratie banAvelAM jinamadghi ane mUrti AmAM sthApatyagata keAtarAyalA akSaro jovA IcchanArAe e samayanAM rAjagRhI, vaizAlI, caMpA, pATalIputra, kauzAmbI, vidizA, vigere hajArA nagaranagarIonA saMbaMdhamAM mULa sthalAdiya nakkI karavAmAM Aje ajJAna ke anizcita dazAmAM che; AvI sthitimAM atIva prAmANika jainAcAryonA saMpradAyane ' daMtakathAo ' nA nAme avizvasanIya mAnavA manAvavAnuM kAMi kAraNa nathI. saMpratinA pachI tarata ja eTale puSpamitronA samayathI lai vaidikAe bauddhattvanI jema jainavane bhAratamAMthI bhUsI nAMkhavA vakhatAvakhata je jhUlamATabharyo akathya mahAna prayatnA karyo che tenI sAkSI jagannAthapurI, pazupura, haradvAra, dvArikA, ujjayina: vigere sakhyAbaMdha sthaLonAM sthApatye ane bhAratanI saMkhyAbaMdha jAtio Aje paNa ApaNane ApI rahI che. mI. vinsenTa smIthana paNa lakhavuM paDyu che ke -"vakhateAvakhata dharmAdha rAjAe jhanunamAM AvI jaI jaMgalI krUratAbharyA karmo karatA ane jaina ke bauddho sAme kharekhamAM jIlamabharyA pagalAM bharatA e vAta kharI che. mA itihAsamAM evAM kRtyeAnA cAkkhA ane puravAra thayelA dAkhalA Avaze ane te zivAyanA ane e itihAsanI maryAdA bahAranA bIjA paNa evA dAkhalA nAMdhAyalA che. " 205 uparAMta muslIma dharmoSatAe paNa bhAratanI prAcIna nizAnIAnA sarvathA nAza karavA tenI rAjasattAnA badhA ya upayoga karI dIdhA che; e AgamAM, (205) hindustAnaneA prAcIna itihAsa ( pUrvAdha ) pR. 269. ( gu. va. sA. nuM. )

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14rI avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vaidikonI dhamadhatAmAMthI je kAMI bacI javA pAmyuM hatuM athavA te chIddhAra ke navIna sarjana thayuM hatuM te paNa moTA bhAge bhasmIbhUta thaI gayuM. AvI sthitimAM pazcima bhAra tanA keTalAka rAjaputa rAjAoe zraddhA ke mAdhyamathI ane muslIma rAjakartAomAM kaI keIe sahiSNutAthI jainatva tarapha sahAya ke sahAnubhUti na darzAvI hatI ane janasaMghamAM jainatvane jIvaMta rAkhavAnI maulika saiddhAMtika tAkAta na hatA te Aje bauddha ke vaidika sAhityamAM jainatvanA pratyAghAtI amuka ulekhe sivAya jainatva viSe bIjuM kAMI paNa arvAcIna saMzodhakone hAtha lAgata nahi, ane e pratyAghAtI ullekhene kevA kevA athabhiprAyamAM teo ghasaDI gayA hata? Aje amuka pramANamAM jenasthApatya ane sAhitya vidyamAna che te paNa tenA tarapha bedarakAra rahI athavA te tene jema bane tema mArI macaDIne vadhAre ne vadhAre arvAcIna karAvavA mathatA rahI keTalA ya matAgrahI lekhake jainatvanuM ghaNuM ya bauddhAdinA nAme caDhAve che, te pachI saMprati jevA jaina samrAne "saMbAtI saMpadI, ke "saMgata jevAM nAmenA nIce nahivat je karI nAMkhe te temAM kAMI navAI nathI. - jaina sAhityamAM kumArapALa viSe ghaNuM lakhAyeluM hAla maLI Ave che. tenI dhArmika pravRttio vizAla hatI. e mahArAjA pAkramI ne paramArvata hate. jainasRSTimAM tenuM sthAna mahatvabharyuM che. vidyamAna sAhityamAM himavaMtabherAvalI sivAya anyatra nahi vaMcAya ane kaliMganA zilAlekhamAM seMkaDo varSa sudhI chupAyalo jena cakravartI khAravela Aje ApaNane e lekhamAMthI, keI kaI bAbatamAM kumArapALathI ya vadhAre pitAnI dhArmikatA ane tenA aMgenI prAbhAvika pravRtti e vaMcAvI rahyo che. kumArapALa ane khAravela e bannemAM khAravelanuM sthAna amuka dASTae vadhAre mahatvanuM bhAse che. A banne bhUpALo karatAM ya vadhAre mahattvanI saMpratinI pravRttione khyAla ApatuM sAMpradAyika sAhitya enA pachIthI Aja sudhImAM thaI gayelA sarva rAjA mahArAjAomAM ene-saMpratine agrasthAna Ape che. pachI bhalene, sAhityamAM tene vizeSa sthAna apAyaluM Aje upalabdha na thatuM hoya ke teNe kotarAvela ekAda paNa zilAlekha Aje najare na paDatuM hoya, athavA zrI hemacaMdrasUrijInA ulekhAnusAra dhArmikatAmAM ja "priya" mAnanAre e sava5ra priya sAdhanAra priyadarzI pelA mazahUra zilAlemAne "revAnaMda vicArI nAgA' na paNa hoya. kAMIka punarukti karIne TuMkAmAM kahIe te, azekazrInA-azekavardhananA potra saMpratinuM sAmrAjaya bhAratanA lagabhaga badhA ya pradezamAM ane bhArata bahAranA-himAlaya pelI pAranA ane naibara Adi ghATethI vAyavyanA pradezamAM dUra dUtira pareluM hatuM. yavanI upamAthI upamA, maurya sAmrAjya caMdraguptanA eka cheDAthI vRddhi pAmatuM atyAre yavanA mayanI jema saMpUrNa vaibhavanA vistAramAM AvI pahoMcyuM hatuM. maurya sAmrAjyane sUrya enA rAja vakAla daramIyAna madhyAhanI veLa zo tapI rahyo hato. bhAra pAkrama ane

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 143 pratApane laI tenI AjJA anullaMghanIya hatI. vadhAre zAMtithI sAmrAjya bhogavanAra samrATomAM saMpratinuM sthAna saunI mokhare mukI zakAya tema che. kauTumbika neha, prajAvatsalatA sAMpradAyika sahiSNutA, nirlobhatA, Adi sadaguNane laI tene tenA dhArmika jIvanamAM rakta reDavAne prasaMga bhAgye ja AvyuM haze ema lAge che. eka sarva zreSTha jaina mahArAjAne yogya evuM tenuM samabhAvI jIvana hoI, te sarva dharmo prati udAra ane sahanazIla hatuM. enI sarva prakAranI prajA sukhI ane AbAda hatI. rAjA tarIke prazaMsanIya ane dhamI tarIke atIva zreSTha jIvana jIvI te ma. ni. ra93 varSe, eTale ke tenA gata ne cAlu bhavanA paramaguru zrI Arya suhastinA ma, ni. 291 varSe svargastha thayA bAda be varSe, vargastha thaye hate. te pitAnuM nAma jinaprabhunAM manahara sthApatyothI amara karato gayo che. jaina jagatanI atIva vyavasthita ane prAmANika yAdImAMthI te kadI paNa visarAya nathI ne visarAze paNa nahi evuM koI paNa baLa tene bhUsI nAkhavA samartha thayuM nathI ane thaze paNa nahi. pachI bhalene, te potAnI pAchaLa kAMI saMtAna muko gayo hoya ke na paNa gayo hoya. Aje ApaNe tenA saMtAnonI kAMI paNa vAta viSe lagabhaga aMdhArAmAM ja chIe, sivAya ke himavaMta zUrAvalI tene aputrI lakhe che. 27 saMpratinA sAmrAjyanI vizeSatA e che ke, nandonA ne te pachI azoka sudhInA samayamAM rAjadhAnI tarIke ujayinInuM mahatva jatuM rahyuM hatuM te eka vAra pharIthI saMpratinA rAjatvakAle ma. ni. 246 varSe sthApana thayuM. ujajayinInuM AvuM mahatva bhAratanA ItihAsamAM kayAre (201) " aha vIrAo dosayateNauha (293) vAsesu vihakatesu jiNadhammArAhaNaparo saMpANivo saggaM patto" -hima therA 5, 5 (mudrita ) AcArya zrIjinasuMdarasUrijI dIpAlI-kapamAM saMpratine ma. ni 300 varSe rAjA tarIke thavAnI vAta lakhe che jemake - nita nama mokSA, jale vAtArigha mApu, mA paMjatikULataH 207" -dIpAlI-95. dI vAlI-kalapakArano uparokata ulekha cAluM saMpradAyanA matantane anusarIne che. nandomAM 95 ne badale 155 varSa mAnI cAlu saMpradAya ma. ni 215 varSe mauryone Adi kAla mAne che, ema caMdraguptAdi traNa rAjAono rAjavaMkAla anukrame 24, 25 ane 36 varSa umeratA 215+4+2 2+36 300 nI ja mahAvIranirvANanI sAla Ave. nandanAM vadhAre manAtAM 60 varSa kADhI nAkhIe ane azenAM 40 varSa athavA "inUsAranAM 28 ane azekanAM 37 varSa ema A lekhamAM sUcita purANadinI gaNatarIthI gaNIe te 215+4+5+4=304-60=244 athavA 215+24+28+ 37=304-60=244 nI mahAvIra nirvAcanI sAla saMpratinA rAjyAraMjanA samaye Ave. (207) " jAvaMttoLathagni saMghanivAraNa nittarNa rAmarAmaNorLaputiraNa guttassa balamittabhANumittaNAmadhijje duve putte vIrAo dosayacauNavaivAsesu viikkatesu ja kare. " -hima therA, pR. 7 (dvita)

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144 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. gadha hatI paNa dekhAyuM nathI. saMpratinA rAjakAla lAMbA che. teNe prajAjIvanane bahu ja sukhI anAvavA prayatna karyo che. nirantara ucca raheluM tenuM nAgarikatva A samaya daramIyAna atyuccupaNAne pAmyuM hatuM. ghaNA samayathI jainattvanI krIDAbhUmi mukhyatayA te atyAre avanti paNa banavA pAmI hatI. pariNAme, jaina dhama'nAM vaheNa pazcimabharatamAM pUnA karatAM vizeSa vegathI vahevA mAMDathAM hatAM. mahAvIranA jIna samayanI pratimAethI ane Aya mahAgiri, Aya suhasti jevA jIvaMta zramaNavAthI avantinI bhUmanI pavitratA Aje magadhanI bhUminI pavitratA jeTaluM ja bhAratanI janatAnuM AkaSaNa karI rahI hatI. avantisukumAlanA putre pAtAnA pitAnA smaraNamAM ujiyanInA zmazAne 'mahAkAla' pArzvanAthanuM caya baMdhAvI uparAkta pavitratAmAM A samaye ja vadhAza karyo che e jainasAhityamAM suprasiddha che. pachIthI paNa se'kaDA varSa sudhI rAjadhAnI tarIke ujayanInuM mahattva rahevA sajA'yuM hatuM ema maLI AvatA itihAsa ApaNune kahI rahyo che. astu, have ApaNe saMprati pachInI eka varSa sudhI vyApeTI arAjakatA viSe lakhIe te pahelAM gata samayamAM thayelA zrI sthUlabhadrathI laI Arya suhasti sudhInA jaina cugapradhAneAnA saMbaMdhI keTalIka mahattvanI noMdha laIe. cadraguptanA rAjyAra'bhathI 15 varSa' eTale ma. ni. 170 varSe zrI bhadramADuM svargastha thayA ke temanA sthAne zrI sthUlabhadra yugapradhAna pada para AvyA. tenA yugapradhAnattvanA kAla 45 varSa hatA. e samaya dazmIyAna candraguptane rAjyAMta ane candragupta pachI AvelA tenA putra bindusArane paNa rAjyAMta thai gayA. azAkanA rAjatvakAlanI zarUAtanAM varSomAM paNa ativRddha thayelA e mahAsa'yamazIla yugapradhAnanuM astittva hatuM. emanI yugapradhAna tarIkenI pravRtti-prabhAvanA viSe kAMi paNa jANavA jevuM Aje ApaNane maLatuM nathI. zrI sthUlabhadra ma. ni. 215 varSa' keTalAka mahinA adhika 99 varSanI vaye svastha thayA tethI pahelAM eka varSa eTale ma. ni. 214mA varSe zvetambikA nagarImAM ASADhAcAyanA ziSyAthI 8 avyaktanidbhavakhatavAda pravatyeA hatA, ke jenA avyaktamatavAdIone zagRhanA mauyavaMzIya rAjA khalabhadre yuktipUrvakanA bhaya-dabANuthI samajAvI temanA e avyaktamata cheDAvyo hatA. A samaya daramIyAna magadhamAM rAjagRhInI peTAzAkhA para mauya rAjAnA astittvathI DaeN!. hAna cAkeAkhI evA vicAra para jAya che ke, mauya sAmrAjyanI sthApanA jainakAlagaNanAnA AdhAre cAlu jaina saMpradAya kahe che tema ma. ni. 215 varSe nahi, paraMtu pahelAM eTale hemacaMdrAti kahe che tema ma. ni. 155 varSe thayelI hAvI joIe. AnI sAme evI dalIla karI zakAya tema che ke, ma. ni. 214mAM anyaktamatanI utpatti bAda amuka varSe tene samajAvye te daramIyAna candragupte nImele khalabhadra rAjagRhImAM zajya karatA hAya tA tyAM ma. ni 215 varSa vItyA bAda mo vaMza saMbhavI zake che; paraMtu mArI mAnyatA pramANe candraguptanA pATalIputramAM rAjyAbhiSeka bAda lagabhaga 14 varSa sudhI rAjagRhImAM chellA naMdaja rAjA tarIke rahyo hAI

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avaMtinuM bhASiratya 145 tyAM balabhadranI nImaNuka thai hAya e saMbhava nathI. ane avyakta matavAdIone samajAvyAnI khInA te ma. ni. 215 pachI 14 thI ghaNAM ochAM ja varSomAM banelI che. jo mani. 215 varSe candraguptanA rAjyAbhiSeka mAnIe ane candraguptanA hAthe khalabhadra nImavAnuM tathA tenAthI avyaktavAdIonI samajAvaTanA samaya vadhAre dUra laI javAnuM anumAna prAmANika hAya tA, DaoN. yAkobInu anumAna zithila thaI jAya che; paraMtu huM pahelAM kahI gayA chuM tema, 'ma. ni 155 varSe ja caMdraguptanA rAjyAbhiSeka thayA hatA.' enAM sama ka sAdhanA che ane te, DA. yAkeAkhInuM anumAna kadAca prAmANika na heAya te paNu, ene sAkhIta karavA puratAM majabUta ja che, zrI sthUlabhadre potAnA mukhya ziSyA Aya mahAgiri ane Aya suhasti emane pratyekane ziSyagaNa soMpI peAtAnA paTTadhara sthApyA hatA. zrI sthUlabhadrAdinA gRhasthA-iparyAMya paTTAvalIomAM nIce pramANe nAMdhAyA cheH-- gAsthyapoMca ma, ni. zrAmaNya50 ma.ni. yugapradhAnatvapa0 ma. ni. (kASTaka-1) va va va va sthUlabhadra 30 116-146 24 146-170 mahAgiri 30 145-175 40 175-215 30 suhasti 30 191-221 24-221-245 46 45 19 soyu. varSa. mA. di. 170-215, 99--2 5 215-243, 100--5--4 245-291, 100-6 sthUlabhadra mahAgiri, suhanti. sarvAyu sAlavArI ma. ni. 116-215 145-245 191-291 uparAkta noMdha pramANe, suhastisUrinI dIkSA temanA ma, ni. 191 varSe janma thayA pachI 30 varSa eTale 191+30=221 varSe thai hAya tA, 215 varSe svagastha thanAra zrI sthUlabhadre temane gaNu sAMpyA hatA e paTTAvalIomAM jaNAvelI hakIkata ghaTI zake nahi. vaLI mahAgirijIe suhastisUrine gaNubhAra soMpI jinakalpatulanA AcarI Aya suhasti sAthe vicaravAnuM Ayu" e hakIkata paNa jo temanA ma. ni. 245 varSe svargavAsa hAya tA khaMdha bese nahi. uparAMta zrI maitu MgAcArya je kahI rahyA che;- magadezanA kollAga gAmanA phlaeNsAma brAhmaNanI maneAramA nAmanI sauthI utpanna thayelA be putrA mahAgiri ane suhasti hatA, tee vidyAbhyAsa mATe pATalIputra gayA, tyAM zrI sthUlabhadra pAse temanI dIkSA thaI. zrI rakSA mAryoe temane ucheryAM hatA."208 te paNa srava meLa vagaranuM' thaI paDe che. kemake eka ja mAtAnA be putra mahAgiri ane suhasti vacce 46 varSa jeTaluM asa gata janmAMtara paDI jAya che, arthAta, AmahAgiri peAtAnI 46 varSanI vace pAtAnA bahu khALa dUdhabhAI suhastine lai pATalIputra jAya ane tyAM pAte dIkSA laI (208) zrImettuMgasUri kRta 'acalagacchIya bRhapaTTAvalI' (bhASAMtara)

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146 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. le, tathA yakSA AryA zrAvikAo mAraphate suhastine ucherave ane temanI 30 varSanI vaya thAya tyAre teo dIkSA le ne sthUlabhadra temane gaNa sepe e sava' uparanI nedha pramANe asaMgata thaI paDe che. A AvI paDatI asaMgati parathI lAge che ke, AryamahAgiri ane AryasuhastinA gAharaNya paryAya ane grAmazyaparyAyanI neMdha letI vakhate game te kAraNe lekhakanI bhUla thaI hoya ke temAM abhiprAya bhedathI keI matAMtara heya, lAge che ke e be AcAryone gRhasthAdi paryAya nIce pramANe heyakoSTaka-2 A mahAgiri Arya suhati varSa ma ni. varSa ma. ni. gAIparyAya 30 161-11 14 191-ra05 zrAmazya5ryAya 19-215 205-245 yugapradhAnatva paryAya 215-245 245-291 jinaka5tvaparyAya 245-261 sarjAya 100 161-261 100 11-292 uparanA prathama koSTakamAM mahAgirijInA zramaNyaparyAyanAM 40 varSa lakhyAM che te, dvitIya koSTakamAM grAmadyaparyAyanAM 24 ane jinaka95paryAcanA 16 ema 24-1640 varSa thatAM sarakhAM ja che. jyAre Arya suhastine gAIzyaparyAya prathama kaNakamAM 30 varSa che tyAre dvitIya ThAikamAM 16 varSa che eTale 14 varSa che, ane prathama koSTakamAM zrAmANya paryAya 24 varSa che tyAre dvitIya koSTakamAM 16 varSa vadhAre eTale 40 varSa che. arthAt gAheraparyAya ane kAmayaparyAyamAM e be koSTakamAM 16 varSa ochAM-vadhatAne pheraphAra che. A pheraphAra thavAthI AryasuhastinI dIkSA ma. ni. 221 varSe nahi paNa ma. ni. 205 varSe AvatAM ma. ni. 215 varSe temane sthUlabhadranA haste gAyu seMpavAnI hakIkata baMdha besatI AvI jAya che. AryamahAgirijIne jinakalpatulanAne kAla paNa dvitIya koSTaka pramANe baMdha bese che. kemake, ma. ni. ra45 varSe yugapradhAnapada choDayA pachI 18 varSa sudhI mahAgirinuM AyuSya laMbAya che, ke je kAla daramIyAna teo jinakalpatulanA karatAM suharita sAthe vicaratA hatA. AryamahAgiri pitAnI 30 varSanI vaye bAla suharitane laI pATalIputra jAya ne dIkSA le tathA bAla suhastinuM yakSAthI ucheravAnuM kArya thAya e sarvane meLa paNa dvitIya kepTaka pramANe maLI jAya che. Ama sarva ThIkaThAka thaI jAya che. pachI te bahuzrute jANe ane kahe te kharuM. (29) juve. TIppaNa 206 ane 200,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya, arAjakatA 1 varSa, ma. ni. 293-94 (vi. sa. pU. 117-116. i. sa. pU. 174-1973 ) " ma. ni. 293 varSe samrAT saMprati svargastha thayA ane ma. ni. 294 varSa aputrocA saMpratinI pachI azekanA putra viSNuguptanA putrA alamitra-bhAnumitrane rAjya prApta thayuM.'209 ema himavata cezAvalI kahe che. AthI samajAya che ke, vacagALAnA Azare ekAda varSa paryaMta ujjayinInA si MhAsana para keAI abhiSikta rAjA hatA nahi. aputrIyA haiAvAne lIdhe saMpratinA sIdheA vArasa kAI na hatA ane tethI lAge che ke, saMprati pachInA vArasAhaka vivAdagrasta banyA haze; pariNAme, te vakhate Azare 1 varSa arAja katA rahevA pAmI haze. A arAjakatAnuM samarthana karatA spaSTa ullekha jaina-jainetara sAhityamAM jovAmAM AvatA nathI. jainakAlagaNanAnI gAthAethI khalamitra-bhAnumitranuM astittva samayana thAya che, paraMtu himavata therAvalI kahe che tema, caprati pachInI 1 varSa arAjakatA bAda teo rAjya para AvyA hatA ema te gAthAo parathI sIdhI rIta spaSTa thaI zakatuM nathI. e gAthAonA abhiprAya parathI khalamitra-bhAnumitra ma. ni. 293 varSe ujjayinInA adhipati banyA hatA ema huM pUrva sAbita karI gayA chuM, tethI pa eka varSa arAjakatA rahyAnI vAtane tyAMthI purAvA maLI zake tema nathI. saMbhava che ke e arAjakatAnA kAla 1 varSathI A hAI aNutarImAM na levAyA hAya. saMpratinA svaga vAsa ane malamitra-bhAnumitrane rAjyAraza e e khAkhatAne mahAvIra nirvANunA saMvatathI cAkkasa rIte lakhanAra therAvalInA gaNutarImAM te e arAjakatAnA DhAla saheja ja tarI Ave che. Ama chatAM gherAvalI arAjakatAnA ullekha spaSTa rIte krAMtI nathI, tema tenu kAraNa paNa jaNAvatI nathI, tethI zakA thAya che ke, aAjakatA na paNu rahI haiAya. ma. ni. 294nA chellA divaseAmAM saMpratinA svagavAsa thayA hAya ane ma. na. 295 nA Adi divaseAmAM malamitra-bhAnumitra rAjya para AvyA hAya, AvI sthitimAM ma. ni. ra3 ane ma. ni. 294 vyatikrAMta sAlA- gata varSo lakhAya, paraMtu te bannenA vacagALAnuM aMtara cADhA divaseAnuM paNa hAI sake. manavA joga che ke, vArasAhakanA vAMdhA bharyo kAraNa sivAya sAmAnya anya game te kAraNathI paNa sa'pratie vArasa tarIke nImelA khalamitra-bhAnumitranA rAjyAbhiSeka thADA divasa lakhAyA hAya. e vacagALAnA divase alamitra-bhAnumitranA rAjyamAM na gaNavAthI himavaMta therAvalInI ane gaNavAthI kAlagaNunAnI gAthAonI kAlagaNanAmAM, je eka sAlanuM aMtara lakhAya che, te paNa sabhavI zake che. bAkI A viSayanA kharA niya prAmANika anya sAdhananA abhAve thaI zakatA nathI, tethI te bahuzrutAne ja bhaLAvavA rahe che. 147

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148 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. balamitrabhAnumitra 22 varSa, ma. ni. 294-316 (vi. saM. pU116-94. I. sa. 5. 173-151) saMprati pachI balamijha-bhAnumitra rAjya para AvyA ane teo tenA kAkAnA putro hatA, ema thazavalI lakhe che, paraMtu azokanA putranA e putrone vArasAhaka kayI rIte hate e bAbatamAM te vadhAre spaSTa lakhatI nathI. bauddhagraMthamAM ane purANomAM azoka pachInA keTalAka maurya rAjAonAM nAme ane temane rAjatvakAla lakhavAmAM Ave che, paNa temAM A balamitrabhAnumitranAM nAmo jovAmAM AvatAM nathI. uparAMta, bauddhagraMtha ne purA nI yAdIomAM evI te paraspara viruddhatA ane avyavasthA dekhAya che ke te parathI saMprati bAda balamitra-bhAnumitra kayI rIte AvyA teno ukela thaI zake ema nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu tethI vizeSa guMcavADo ja thAya che. saMzodhakoe e yAdIone saMgrahita karI che te A pramANe che - azeka pachI maurya sAmrAjyanI zAkhAo. pazcima zAkhA. pUrvazAkhA | (divyAvadAnanA AdhAresaMprati. 5. jayasvAla) bRhaspati zalizka (1) prAcIna bhAratavarSa bhA. 1. vRSasena devadhAmAM pR. 402 parathI A yAdI zatadhavA - dhI che. puSyamitra bRhadrA azokavana pachInA maurya rAjAonI vaMzAvalI ane emanAM rAjya varSa. viSNupurANa pramANe, vAyupurANa ane brahmAMDapurANa pramANe suyazA ke supAW. (vAyu. pu kuzAla ke kunAla, brahmAMDa pu kulAla) 8 (vAyu. pu. brahmAMDa pu. badhupAlita) (vAya. pu. Indra pAlita, brahmAMDa pu. sammati) 10 ke 9 zAlika mazarmA (vAyu, pu. dasavamAM ke devadharmA). zatalavA (vAyuM. pu. zatadhara, brahmA, 5. zatadhanuM.) bRhastha (vAyuM. pu. bRhadezva) puSpadharmA saMgata ha ha |

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 149 azoka pachIna rAjAonI yAdI ane zaMkita sAlavArI. I. sa. pU. dathastha (vAyupurANane kuzala) 232-224. saMgata (vAyupurANane baMdhulipta) 224-216. zAlizka (vAyupurANano Indra pAlita) 216-206, samazana (vAyupurANane dazavamaMna ke devavarmana) ra06-19 zatadhavana (vAyupurANune zatadhanuSa) 199-191. bRhadratha (vAyupurANane vRda%) 19-185. (hi. prAcIna itihAsa, sara vinsenTa smItha gu. 1, se. nuM bhASAMtara ) azekavardhana pachInA rAjAo ne temanI sAlavArI. I. sa. 5 (4) kaNAla (suyazA) 232-224. (5) dazaratha (badhupAlita) 224-216. (6) saMprati (IndrapAlita) 211-207. (7) zAlika 207-206, (8) devavamAM 206-19. (9) zatadhanuSa 19-191. (10) bahAtha 191-184. (maurya sAmrAjyane itihAsa. AcArya vidyAbhUSaNalaMkAra zrI jayacaMdra. purANo nA AdhAre) saMzodhakothI upayogamAM nahi levAyalI "himavaMta therAvalI"nI azaka pachInA rAjAonI yAdI. te ujayinInI gAdI ( mukhya zAkhA ane bhAgalA.). 6 varSa. ma. ni. I. sa. 5. saMprati 246-293 221-174 mukhyazAkhA balamitrabhAnumitra 60 294-354 173-113 sAmrAjayanA bhAgalA pATalIputranI gAdI ( mukhya zAkhA ane peTAzAkhA). ma. ni. I. sa. 5, saMmati 244-246 223-221 mukhya zAkhA puNyaratha 246-280 221-187 peTA zAkhA vRddharatha 24 . 280-304 187-168 - " puSyamitra (svataMtra) ( 34

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: 150 avaMtinuM Adhipatya, bauddhagraMtha, purANa ane himavaMta rAvalInI mULa yAdIomAM paraspara sthaLa, krama, rAjattvakAlAdimAM matAntara che, paNa e yAdImAM je nAmo ApavAmAM AvyAM che te rAjAonuM astitva jarUra hovuM ja joIe, anyathA e nAme te yAdImAM dAkhala thAya ja nahi. have je e rAjAonuM atisava nakakI che to temanA sthaLane sauthI prathama vicAra kare joIe. azoka pATalIputrano samrATuM hatuM e sarvasammata hakIkata che. divyAvadAnAdi bauddhagraMthe ane jainagraMtha lakhe che ke, azoka pachI saMpadI ke saMprati pATalIputra para abhiSikta thayuM hatuM e parathI nakkI thAya che ke, azoka ane saMprati e be samrATa vacce purANe, je suyazA (kuNAla) ane dazaratha e be rAjAonAM nAmo nedhe che athavA te kaI sthaLe ekalA dazarathanuM nAma neMdhe che, te nedha barAbara nathI. suyazA (kuNAla) ujajayinImAM rahetAM pATalIputrane yuvarAja hatuM, paNa te kayAreya koI sthaLano rAjA banyo nathI. azoke aMdha banelA ene pATalIputranuM mahArAjya ApyuM che, paNa te tenA putra saMprati mATe. purANee saMpratine rAjyAbhiSeka na thaye tyAM sudhI tene ja rAjA mAnI lIdhuM hoya e banavA joga che, paraMtu te khAlI bhrama ja che. khalatika parvata upara AjIvika sAdhuone karAyelA guphAdAna saMbaMdhI lekhethI e siddha che ke, "devAnAM priya"nI pachI dazarathane abhiSeka thayuM hatuM. A "devAnAM priya" je azaka che ane tenA pachI dazarathane abhiSeka che te, azoka pachI dazaratha rAjA thayo che, ema je kahevAmAM Ave che te satya ja che, paraMtu jyAre azoka pachI saMpratinuM pATalIputra para AvavuM thayuM che ema bauddhagraMtha ne jena kahe che tyAre, azaka pachI tarata ja ke ceDAMka varSa pahelAM Avelo dazaratha pATalIputra sivAya keI anya sthaLe abhiSikta thayelA he joIe evA anumAna para AvavuM paDe che. saMbhava che ke, rAjagRhInI jUnI peTA zAkhA para te abhiSikta thayA haze, ane e abhiSekane samaya ma. ni. 244 varSe athavA tethI amuka varSa pahelAM haze.21deg A rIte saMprati ane dazarathanA rAjavaMkAlanI (210) parANe dazarathane rAjatvakAla 8 varSa lakhI tene saMpratinI pUrve lAvatA hovAthI te ma. ni. 244 vaSe saMpati pATalIputranI gAdI para Avyo tethI 8 varSa pUrve eTale ma. ni. 236 varSe rAjagRhInI gAdI para Avyo hoya te paNa nA nahi. vaLI purANAe saMmatinA rAjatvAbhiSe pachI dazarathano rAjagRhI ane pATalIputra parano rAjatvakAla gaNyA ja nahi, kAraNa ke tene te vakhate pATalIputramAM saMpratino rAjavaMkAla nadhi hato. te rAjasthaLanA judAM judAM sthAne ulekhatI na hovAthI eka sAthe be rAjAone eka ja sthaLe-pATalIputramAM kevI rIte nAMdhI zake ? vaLI saMpratinA rAjyAbhiSeka pUrvanAM eTale azokanA rAjatvakAlanAM chellA 8 varSa purANAe, aze pitAnuM rAjaya saMprati mATe kuNAlane ApavAnuM ja nahi paraMtu ApyAnuM svIkAra karyo chatAM azokanA rAjatvakAlamAM ja gayAM che ane sAthe sAthe te 8 varSa kuNAlanAM paNa gayAM che. pATalIatranI gAdInAM 8 varSa Ama benA nAme caDayAM che, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu te 8 varSa rAjagRhInA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 151 samakAlInatA ghaTI zake che. divyAvadAnanA AdhAre zrI jayasvAlajI ene pazcima zAkhA ane pUrvazAkhA tarIke lakhe che. paNa kharI rIte te pATalIputra ane rAjagRhInI anukrame mukhya zAkhA ane peTAzAkhA che. A parathI samajAze ke, dazarathane anugAmI saMprati nathI ane tethI purANe je saMprati pachI zAlikanuM nAma muke che te barAbara nathI. zrI jAyavAlajI kahe che tema, dazaratha pachI zAlicUka AvyuM hatuM. saMpatinA rAjatvakAlamAM ja e rAjagRhInI gAdI para AvyuM hatuM ane tethI te saMpratine anugAmI hoI zake nahi. dazaratha ane zAlizukae, himavaMta gherAvalImAM jaNAvelA pATalIputra para saMpratinA ujajayinI gayA bAda sthapAyelA bauddha dhamI rAjA puNyaratha (ma. ni. 246-280) ane vRddharatha (ma.ni. 280-304)thI bhinna nathI, ema keTaloko anumAna kare che, paNa tenI prAmANikatA mATe kaI khAsa pura nathI. chatAM e prAmANika hoya te e rAjAo pATalIputranI navI utpanna thayelI peTAzAkhAnA gaNAya, nahi ke rAjagRhInI peTAzAkhAnA. AvI sthitimAM balabhadra pachI ane vRSasenAdi pahelAM, saMmatinA rAjavaMkAla daramIyAna rAjagRhInI peTA zAkhA para keI anya rAjAo haze ema mAnavuM rahyuM. himavaMta therAvalI vRddharathanAM 24 varSa lakhe che. Azcarya che ke zAlizkanAM bhinna bhinna lekhakanA saMzodhanamAM 13 varSa, 1 varSa, ane 10 varSa che. ene saravALe karatAM 24 varSa Ave che. saMpratinA rAjapata pahelAMnAM 13 varSa, arAjakatAnuM 1 varSa ane te pachInAM 10 varSa ema bhinna bhinna daSTie zAlikano rAjatvALa purANamAM lakhAye haze zuM? evI paNa kalpanA ahiM karI zakAya che! vRddharatha e zAlizka che ke tethI bhinna ho, paNa e te nakkI che ke, puSyamitra senAdhipatie potAnA svAmI pATalIputranA rAjA vRddharathane, nahi ke bRhadrathane, mArI pate sarvasattAdhIza banI beTho hato. e banAva ma. ni. 304 varSe banyuM hatuM. AthI e vRddharatha ke zAlizaka saMpratinA rAjatvakAle gAdI para AzA che tenA anugAmI nathI. ujayinInI mukhya gAdI saMpratinA mRtyu bAda mukhyatva gumAvI beThI hatI. kemake, teno aMkuza magadha parathI nIkaLI gayo hoya tema lAge che. kharekhara, magadha sAmrAjaya bhAgalAomAM vaheMcAI gayuM hatuM. pATalIputrane 2AjA vRddharatha e saMpratinA mRtyu bAda vatanna thaI gaye hatuM ane avati sAthe tene saMbaMdha samApta dazarathane nAme mukI tene paNa pATalIputranI gAdI para te ja samaya daramIyAna besADe che. ema e 8 varSanI trirAvRtti thaI che. uparAMta saMpratinA rAjavakAsanAM chellA varSomAM vidyamAna ane dazaratha pachI rAja gRhInI gAdI para AvanAra 10 ke 13 varSa rAjavakAlavALA zAlizane saMpratinI pachI lakhI tene paNa pATalIputranI gAdIe nepyo che. A sarvane pariNAme purANomAM azoka pachInI vaMzAvalI ane tene rAjatvakAla TI rIte nedhAI saMpratine rAjakAla bahu ja TuMkAvAya che. TukamAM kahIe to, purANAe TheTha ajAtazatranA samayathI rAjagRhInI peTA zAkhAne pAlIputranI mukhya zAkhAmAM seLabheLa karI bhAre goTALA karI nAkhyo che ane te magadha sAmrAjyanA itihAsamAM avyavasthA ne asaMgati ja upajAvatuM rahyuM che,

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15ra avaMtinuM Adhipatya. kyo hate. Aja kAraNathI zrI jayasvAlajI dazaratha ane zAlikanI vacce saMpratine na ghusADatA alaga zAkhAmAM ja rAkhe che. himavaMta rAvalI te saMprati pachI vRddhara nahi, paNa balamitra AvyAnI vAta spaSTa rIte ja karI rahI che. A sarve parathI saMprati bAda vRddharatha ke zAlika AvyA nathI e nakkI thAya che. zrI. jAyasvAlajI saMpratinA anugAmI tarIke bRhaspatinuM nAma lakhe che, paNa te barAbara nathI ema tenA viSe vicAra karavAthI samajAze. divyAvadAnanA AdhAre zrI jayasvAlajIthI lakhAte bRhaspati e, bRhaspatimitra joIe, ke je pATalIputramAM ma ni. 312 varSe rAjya karI rahyo hate ema kaliMgasamrATa khAravelanA hAthIguphAvALA zilAlekhathI ApaNane jANavA maLe che. e zilAlekhamAM khAravele pATalIputra para caDhAI karI bRhaspatimitrane pitAnA pagamAM namAvyuM ema lakhyuM che. saMzodhake e A bRhaspatimitrane puSyamitra TharAvyuM che. paNa "bRha, spatimitra" evA vizeSa nAmane, puSyanakSatrane svAmI "bRhaspati' che mATe zilAlekhamAM lakhAyale bRhaspati "puSya'nA sthAne lakhAya che evI kalpanAmAtrathI puSyamitranA sthAne mAnI levuM, e bahu ja ajugatuM che zilAlekhanI jAherAtanA gadya lakhA. zumAM "puSyamitra' jevuM a5AkSarI nAma choDI daI tatkAla bhAna thAya tevuM bahAkSarI bRhaspatimitra' nAma lakhAyuM che, te sAbIta kare che ke, bRhaspatimitra ane puSyamitra e be eka nahi paNa bhinna vyakti che. puSyamitra pitAne nirantara senAnI tarIke jaNAvI rahyo che, tethI samajAya che ke bhalene, te sarva sattAdhIza hoya paNa teNe kayAreya rAjapada svIkAryuM nathI, tema ma. ni 304 varSe pitAnA svAmI vRddharathane mArI sarvasattAdhIza ane tyAre, saMbhava che ke, teNe pitAnA sauthI moTA putrane pATalIputramAM rAjapade niyukta karyo hoya ane e moTA putranuM nAma bRhaspatimitra heya. puSyamitranA kuTumbAdi viSe jhAjhI mAhitI maLatI nathI, paraMtu eka lekhaka lakhe che ke, "tene bRhaspatimitra, dhanadeva, vigere ATha putra hatA. 11 A bRhaspatimitra khAravelanA zilAlekhane bRha (211) prAcIna bhAratavarSa bhA. 2 pR. 64 para lakhe che ke - eka lekhaka (TI. 5 ja. bI, e. rI. se. pR 24 thI 250 ) jaNAve che ke tene ATha putro hatA. temAM ekanuM nAma bRhaspa-, timitra hatuM. chaThTha purUSa dhanadeva te kAlarAjA kubudevanI putrI kauzikI, je puSyamitranI rANI hatI tene peTe janmyA hatA." Do. tri. la. zAhathI A zakhAnI satyatA viSe khAtrI karI zakAI nathI, paraMtu khAravela zilAlekha A samaye pATalIputramAM bahaspatimitra hevAnI sAkSI pure che. vaLI bahapatimitra'nA maLI AvatA sikkAo agnimitranA sikkAne paDe tevI ja TinA ane rUpanA heI, te mitra (zaMga) vaMzI rAjAonA keI paNa sikkA karatAM prAcIna che. ema sara kaniMgahAmanA lakhANa (ke. I. e. pR. 81) parathI mAlUma paDe che ethI paNa sAbIta thAya che ke, puSyamitranA cakravata samA, vidizAmAM ane pAchaLathI pATalIputramAM rAjya karatA putra agnimitrathI pUrve, je ke bahu pUrve nahi, bahaspatimitra zRMgavaMzane rAjA hate.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 153 spatimitra ane dhanadeva e purANenI yAdIone devavarmana ke devadharman heI, teo anukrame pATalIpuranA siMhAsana para temanA pitA puSyamitranI hayAtI daramIyAna AvyA heya e saMbhavita che. purANoe, "puSyamitre vRddharathanI katala karI hatI tenA badale devavimena (somazarman ke devadharmana)thI trIjA puruSa brahadratha (vRja zva)nI katala karavAnuM lakhI goTALe karyo che. pariNAme, temanI yAdIomAM bahapatimitra nAma choDI devAyuM ane devavarmana Adi rAjAone zuMgavaMzInA badale mauryavaMzI gaNI levAyA. A sarve parathI samajAze ke bRhapatimitra nAma zuMgavaMzI rAjA thaze che. tene saMbaMdha pATalIputra sAthe heI, te mauryavaMzI ke saMpratine anugAmI nathI zrI jayasvAlajIe kalpelI mauryarAjAonI pazcimazAkhAmAM saMprati bAda bRhaspati, vRSasena puSpadharmA ane puSyamitra, e rAjAo anukrame lakhAyA che paraMtu huM jaNAvI gaye chuM ke, brahaspati e vRddharatha pachI AvanAra zuMgavaMzI pATalIputrane rAjA che. tene ujajayinI sAthe koI saMbaMdha nathI. zrI jAyasvAlajI bRhaspati pachI vRSasenanuM nAma lakhe che, purANonI yAdIo parathI karAyela saMzodhakonAM kepTakamAM A vRSasenanuM nAma jaNAtuM nathI. te keNa che tathA tene ne saMpratine zo saMbaMdha hatuM, te viSe paNa kAMI nizcayAtmaka kahI zakAya tema nathI. keIka tene vRSabhasena ke vIrasena nAmathI paNa oLakhAve che. saMpratinA rAjatvakAla daramIyAna eka kAbulane sube sephagasena ke sophAgasena nAme jaNAve che, ke jene subhaga sena-subhAgasena-sabhAgasena nAmathI paNa oLakhAvAya che, te pite athavA tene putra te A vRSasena nahi hAya zuM e prazna uThe che. "maurya sAmrAjyane ItihAsa" ne lekhaka vRSasenane saMpratinA vArasaputra tarIke kape che ane uparokta vRSabhasenAdi badhAM ya nAmo vRSasenanAM ja jaNAve che, paraMtu ujajayinInA siMhAsana para te na AvatAM, himavaMta therAvalInA kathana pramANe, balamitra-bhAnumitra AvyA che te parathI lAge che ke A vRSasena saMpratino putra na ho joIe. yugapurANanA AdhAre zrIyuta. kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruva zAlizukane saMpratine bhrAtA mAne che te satya hoya te dazarathazAlizuka evA kamathI AvanAra vRSaNena kadAca saMpratine bhatrIje hoI zake, paraMtu dazaratha. pachI rAjagRhInI gAdIe kramazaH AvanAra zAlizUka, vRSasena ane puSyadharmA, e rAjAo vaMzaparaMparAgata che ema mAnavAne majabUta pramANa joIe, anyathA vRSasena kadAca saubhAgasena ke tene putra paNa hoya. TuMkAmAM kahIe te zAlika ane A vRSasenanI vAstavika oLakha ja koI ApatuM nathI. "A bRhaspatimitrane sagapasaMbaMdha ahicchatranA rAjAo sAthe hato, ke jemAM brAhmaNa hatA? AvA kesama-prabhesAnA zilAlekhathI paNa nakkI thAya che ke, A bahaspatimitra brAhmaNa jAtinA zuMgAnA vaMzano hato, - (12) kAbulanI khINamAM rAja karate A subhagasena azokanI sAthe zuM saMbaMdha dharAvato hato e jANI zakAyuM nathI. saMbhava che ke, te karAya azokano putra hoya, ane vRSasena e A subhamasenane putra heya.

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154 . avaMtinuM Adhipatya sara vi. smItha zAlikane vAyupurANane Indrapalita kahe che. paNa jenasAhityamAM saMpratine azokathI pAlana karAyelo ko che. Aryo rAjAne deva tarIke saMbaMdhe che, ane dene svAmI Indra kahevAya che, tema rAjAone svAmI azoka paNa Indra kahevAya. A rIte azokathI eTale IthI pAlita-IndrapAlita-e anya kaI zalizkAdi nahi paNa maurya sAmrAjyane ItihAsakAra lakhe che tema saMprati ja heI zake ane je "zAli. zaka saMprati bhrAtA hatA, te pahelAM soraThane sube hAI pAchaLathI pATalIputra para AvyuM hata" e zrIyuta. ke. ha. dhruvanI zAlikanI saMpatinA bhrAtA tarIkenI kalpanA barAbara hoya te, kuNAlanI anyatvadazAmAM jema saMprati azokathI pAlana karAya ne azokapAlita-indrapAlita kahevAya tema, zAlika vaDIlababdha saMpratithI pAlana karAye hoya ne badhupAlita kahevA hoya te te banavA joga che. bAkI keTalAMka purANanI yAdIo pramANe dazaratha kevI rIte badhupAlita tarIke oLakhAye hatuM e na samajAya tevI bAbata che. Ama chatAM tene amuka rIte samajavA meM pUrve kAMIka prayAsa karI joye che, pachI bhalene, te kadAca vyartha paNa hoya, upara huM kahI gayo chuM ke, vRSasena e saMpratinA ujajayinInA siMhAsane Avyo nathI ene artha e thAya che ke, te kAM te pATalIputra para athavA te rAjagRhI para Avyo have joIe. hi. the. pramANe pATalIputra para vRddharatha (ma. ni. 280-304) ane te pachI puSyamitra (rAjA tarIke bRhaspati) Avyo che tethI vadhAre saMbhavita e che ke, te rAjagRhI para zAlizuka pachI Ave che ane tyAM teNe Azare ma. ni. 292 thI 301 sudhI 9 varSa rAjya karyuM che. Ama chatAM A rAjagRhInI zAkhAne paDatI melI, tenI zarUAtanA dazaratha ne zAlikane pATalIputramAM tathA pAchaLanA vRSasena ne puSpadharmAne ujajayinInA siMhAsane laI javAthI, azoka pachI tarata ja saMprati ane dazarathathI laI anukrame pazcimazAkhA eTale ujajayinInI zAkhA tathA pUrvazAkhA eTale pATalIputranI zAkhA ema sarvathA vatatva evA be vibhAga mAnatAM zrI jAyasvAlajI vigerenuM saMzodhana bramAtmaka banI gayuM che. maurya sAmrAjyanI sthApanA 60 varSa moDI eTale ma. ni. 215 varSe mAnatA keTalAkethI saMpratine rAjatvakAla bahu ja TuMkAvAyA che, jyAre purANenI yAdImAM dazarathAdine pATalIputranA ja rAjAo mAnI saMpratinA TuMkAvAyalA samaya jeTalA samayane vadhAravA prayatna thaye chatAM te samaya ocho paDavAthI devavamana vigere zRMgarAjAone mauvaMzAvalImAM nAkhI devAyA ane puNyaratha, vRddharatha bRhaspatimitra e sarvane cheDI daI vRjadavane vRddharathanA sthAne mukI devA; pariNAme saMprati ane tenA samayanI keTalIka ghaTanAo ochAyA samI banI bhAre goTALo thaI gayela che. himavaMta gherAvalIne sAthamAM rAkhI enuM pharIthI saMzodhana thavuM joIe. e rAvalI ane bauddhaganyAdinI yAdIo parathI mAruM saMzodhana,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 155 azAka pachI tarata ja mauya sAmrAjayanA svatantra vibhAga thayA hAya ema mAnatuM nathI. saMpratie pATalIputrathI ujjayinImAM rAjadhAnI pheravI tyAre rAjagRhInI jUnI peTA zAkhA cAlu ja hatI, jyAM dazaratha rAjya karatA hatA. have bIjI pATalIputramAM peTAzAkhA zarU thaI ke jyAM rAjakartA tarIke puNyaratha nImAyA hatA. rAjagRhInI ane pATalIputranI A zAkhA ujjayinInA tAbAmAM hatI paraMtu svatantra na hatI. rAjagRhImAM dazaratha pachI zAlizka ane pATalIputramAM puNyaratha pachI vRddharatha AvyA te paNa magadha sAmrAjayanI sa'pratinA hAtha noce ujiyanImAM rahelI kendrastha sattAthI nImAyalA hAI tene AdhIna hatA. m. ni. 292 varSe zAlizUkanA mRtyu bAda rAjagRhImAM vRSasena AvyA te paNa saMpratirthA nImAyalA hAI kendrastha sattAne AdhIna hatA. paNa ma. ni, 293 varSe sapratinuM mRtyu thatAM tenA sthAne alamitra-bhAnumitra AvatAM kendrastha sattAnA pratApa naSTa thaI magadha sAmrAjya bhAgalAomAM vheMcAI gayu` hoya tema lAge che. mA samayathI moya sAmAjyanI paDatInAM pagaraNa maMDAyAM te, ApaNe joizu ke, chevaTe ma. ni. 216 varSe tenI kendrastha sattAnA sthaLa ujjayinIne paNa parAdhIna banAvanArAM nIvaDayAM. azeke saMpratine samrAT banAvyA e hakIkata kAi kAi azeThanA vazarjAne khu McatI hAvA chatAM, vaDIlanA vinayanI khAtara ane sa MpratinA puNyapratApane lai teoe nabhAvI lIdhI, paraMtu sa MpratinA mRtyu bAda AvelA malamitra-bhAnumitra nabaLA mananA hAI cAlu paristhitine kAbumAM levA asamatha nivaDayA. bhAratanA vAyavya kANu para thai rahelA yavanAnA humalAo, kAzmIra vigere dezeA para nImelA rAjavaMzIya ke anya sukhAonI nira kuza rAjAe manI javAnI bhAvanAo, bAndrAdi dezAnA rAjAenI svatantra banI javAnI mahecchAe, vigere vigere sAmrAjaya naSTa thavAnAM kAraNeA tarapha balamitra-bhAnumitra, vruddhatha ane vRSasena e anukrame ujayanI, pATalIputra ane rAjagRhInA rAjyakatoe ke:I mantraNA karI sAmrAjyane patanamAMthI bacAvavAnA prayatna na karatAM kevaLa udAsIna ja rahyA che ! ujjayinInA sihAsane AvelA khalamitra-bhAnumitra pahelAM kayAM adhikRta hatA te nizcayathI kahI zakAya tema nathI, paNa saMbhava che ke, 'pratinA rAjatvakAle temane pitA tigupta lATanA sutrA haze ane tenI pAchaLa A khalamitra-bhAnumitra tyAMnA subA tarIke AvyA haze. emaNe kAlakAcAryanuM (zyAmAcAryanuM ) bharUcathI nirvAsana karyuM hatuM evA eka jaina sapradAya pravarte che e mAnyatAnuM bIja, pahelA tee bharUcamAM RSikAra para hatA emAM ja raheluM che. pazcimabhAratanA pradezanA anubhava ane te paranI lAgavaganA kAraNane laIne ja kadAca teeA ujjayanInA rAjapadane lAyaka manAyA haze ema paNa kahI zakAya. sa'prati ane teneA kahevAtA rAjagRhI para rAjya karatA bhrAtA zAlizUka e banne aputrIyA tarIke mRtyu pAmatAM saMpratinA eka kAkA ( azokanA putra ) tiguptanA putrA khalamitra-bhAnumitra hatAM temanA ujjiyanI para vArasAhaka hoya ne

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156 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 213 teo bharUcathI AvI ahiM abhiSikta thayA hoya te paNa nA nahi. enA rAjatvakAlane pUrva vibhAga 22 varSane che temAM tenI kArakIrdI viSe kAMI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI, paraMtu magadha sAmrAjyanuM patana thavAmAM kAma karatI keTalIka hakIkato ekaThI karI zakAya tema che. jemake - balamitra-bhAnumitra ujajayinInI gAdIe AvyA tyAre, sauthI prathama pATalIputranA vRddharathe ane rAjagRhInA vRSasene temanI sarvoparitAne na svIkAratAM, magadha vigere paurvAtya dezo chUTA paDI gayA. magadha sAmrAjyanA pUrva ane pazcima ema be bhAgalA thayAnI vAta karavAmAM Ave che te vAstavika A rIte ja che. uttara bhArata ane saurASTra paNa A samaya daramIyAna ujajayinInI sattAne avagaNI hatI. sAmrAjya vibhakata thatAM tenuM samartha ane mahAna lazakarI baLa paNa vibhakta thaI gayuM. A sarvane lAbha laI sauthI prathama AndharAjA sAtakarNI e mauryonI AdhInatAne phagAvI dIdhI ane te pitAne rAjyapradeza vistAravAnA kAme lAgI gayo. vibhakta ane tethI nabaLA banelA maurya rAjAo pota potAnA hAthamAM rahelA pradezane sAcavI zake e ja temanA mATe bahu hatuM. emanAmAM dakSiNApathanA deza para baLa ajamAvavAnI suddhAM tAkAda na rahI hatI. Ama chatAM ma. ni. 298 varSe pratiSThAnapuranA sihAsane Avela zrImukhano vaMzaja AzvarAjA sAtakarNI pitAnI mahecchAo puravA zaktimAna thaye nahiM. tenI mahecchAono sAmano kaliganA jaina mahArAjA khAravele karyo. azoke khAravelanA pitAmaha kSemarAjane jItI tene tAbe karyo hatuM, paraMtu saMpratinA mRtyu bAda ane temAM paNa khAravela ma. ni. 300 varSe gAdI para AvatAM e tAbedArI samApta thaI cukI hatI. A khAravela pitAnA hAthIguphAvALA zilAlekhamAM jaNAve che ke --"meM rAjyAbhiSekanA) bIjA varSe (himavaMta therAvalI pramANe ma. ni. 302 mAM) sAtakarNane na gaNakAratAM hAthI, ghoDA, ratha ne pAyadaLanI eka moTI senA pazcimanA pradeza para ravAnA karI. kRNaveNAnA taTa sudhI pahoMcelI e senAe tyAM rahelA muSikanagarane bhAre trAsa upajAvyuM," 214 vaLI eja lekhamAM te cothA varSanuM kArya ulekhe che ke:-"(meM rAjyAbhiSekanA) cothA varSe (hi. the. pramANe ma. ni. 304 mAM) zaSTika ane bhojakene pagamAM namAvyA." 215 Ama khAravela | (213) balamitra-bhAnumitra saMpratinA kAkAnA putro hatA ethI vizeSa temanA vArasAhaka viSe jANavAnuM kaI pazu sAdhana maLatuM nathI. (214, "tuti = ghare avatagitA vAtacaMga vamavilaM ca na ra ja vastu raMTuM pApathati [ ] kAnAM jatAya ca senAya vitAvate dinA [ ]' -khAravela prazasti 5. 4 (zrIyuta-jAyasvAlanuM vAMcana). (15) "tathA javuthe kare + + + nava di mora ghare vaMthAvati" -khAravela prazasti 5. 5-6 (zrIyuta jayasvAlajInuM vAcana)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 157 dakSiNApathamAM pitAnuM Adhipatya jamAvI rahyo hato ane videzI lekhakanA kathanAnumAra yavana bhAratanA vAyavya tathA pazcimamAM sattA sthApI AgaLa aMdara vadhavAno prayatna karI rahyA hatA tyAre, ma. ni. 304 varSe pATalIputramAM eka vizvAsaghAtane drohI prasaMga banyo. maunA eka moTA senAdhipati zuMgavaMzI puSyamitre lazkarI kavAyata darzAvavAnA bahAnA nIce potAnA rAjA vRddharathanI katala karI nAkhI ane teNe pitAnA putra bRhaspatimitrane pATalIputranA siMhAsane rAjA tarIke sthApana karI dIdhe bauddhagraMtha divyAvadAna kahe che ke -"puSpamanA putra mauryavaMzI puSyamitre pATalIputrathI (paTaNAthI) sAkala (zyAlakeTa) sudhI saMkhyAbaMdha bauddha dharmArAmane-maThone nAza karyo ane hAtha AvyA te sarva bauddha sAdhuonI katala karAvI" 216 puSyamitra moryavaMzI ke puSya dharmAne putra hatuM e hakIkata che ke asaMgata che, paraMtu teNe bauddha saMskRtine sApha karI nAkhavA bhAre prayatna karyo hato emAM ghaNuM satya raheluM che. vyavahArSinA eka ulalekhane artha, 217 "puSyamitre muMDivata AcAryane dhyAnamAM vidana karyuM hatuM." AvI rIte karI, 5. zrI kalyANuvijayajI puSyamitrane kalTI tarIke jaina sAdhuo para upadrava karanAra sUcave che, paraMtu e ullekhane artha, mArI samaja barAbara hoya te, "sukhazIla paraMtu gItArtha ziSya puSyamitra, muThipaka rAjAnA pratibaMdhaka pitAnA guru puSpabhUti AcAryane temanA gItArtha anya ziSyonI gerasamajathI AvI paDelA maraNAMta prasaMgane nivAravA temanA sUkrama dhyAnamAM temanA aMguThAne sparzI vidana karyuM. AvI rIte thata hoI, tyAM zuMgavaMzIya senAdhipati puSyamitrane ke prasaMga ja nathI. Ama chatAM dhArmika asahiSNutA parathI saMbhava che ke, puSyamitre bauddhatvanI sAthosAtha jainatva para paNa julama varasAvyo haze. paDita zrI jayasvAlajIe karelA vAMcana pramANe khAravelanA zilAlekhathI jANavA maLe che ke, "khAravele pitAnA rAjayanA AThamA varSamAM (zrI himavaMta gherAvalI pramANe ma. ni. 308 mAM) magadha para hale laI jaI (rAjagRhInI najIkanA) gorathagirinA rilAne teDI rAjagRhIne ghere ghAlyo hate A hakIkatane sAMbhaLI yavanarAja Dimita mathurAne choDI daI pitAnI senAnI sAthe pAchA haThI gaye" zrIyuta paM. kalyANavijyajI uparokta AThamA varSanI hakIkata AlekhatAM e lekhAMzane AvI rItanA artha para vAMce che -" rAjyAbhiSekanA AThamA varSamAM mauryavAjA dharmaguptane mArI nAkhI puSyamitra rAjagRhImAM AtaMka macAvI rahyo che, A vAta sAMbhaLI senAthI gherelI mathurAne choDI daI (vela) bRhaspatimitrane (zikSA karavA mATe rAjagahI para caDhI Ave.) (216) A mATe vistAra bauddhagraMtha divyAvadAnanA ra9 mA avadAnamAM apAyelo che. divyAva. dAnane e mULapATha ane tenA bhASAMtara mATe juvo zrIyuta paM. kalyANuvijayajanuM "vIranirvANa saMvata ora jenakAlagaNanA' pR. 34, 35 (217) "gvato Astio suvALo sara pUari zALavidhuM vArtA" -vahArasUtra u. ne cUrNi.

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158 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 28 keTalAka e lekhAMzanA pAchalA bhAgane artha, "AvA tenA parAkramanI vAta sAMbhaLI pATalIputra tarapha dhasI Avate yavanarAja DemeTrIyasa pAcho pharI mathurA tarapha cAle gaye." AvI rIte paNa kare che. zilAlekhanA A aMzanuM vAMcana ne artha che ke paSTa ane cokkasa nathI chatAM emAM saMdeha nathI ke, khAravela rAjagRhI para caDhAI laI gaye hate. khAravelanI magadha paranI A prathama caDhAI puSyamitre AdarelA dhArmika bhUminA aMge thaI hatI, ema keTalAka mAne che, paraMtu jyAM sudhI uparakta lekhAMzanuM vAMcana saMdigdha che tyAM sudhI khAravelanI e caDhAI dhArmika hetu sAthe ja saMbaMdha rAkhatI hatI ema samajavuM muzkela che. kadAca dhArmika hetuthI khAravelanI e caDhAI thaI hoya teya e te spaSTa ja che ke tene dhAryo hetu bara AvyuM nathI. puSyamitre ane khAsa karIne tenA putra agnimitre bauddhAdi dharmo para bhUlama vartAvyo hato e eka kharI ja bInA che ane tene samaya agnimitranA rAjyAM sudhI eTale ma. ni. 346 sudhI che, paraMtu e dhArmika julamanI zarUAta puSyamitre pATalIputra kabaje karyuM tyArathI eTale ma. ni. 304 varSe zarU thaI, ke rAjagRhIthI khAravelanA pAchA pharyA bAdanAM najIkanAM varSomAM eTale ma. ni. 308 thI 310 varSanA vacagALe bAkInuM magadha sara karI tethI pazcimamAM AgaLa vadhI pUrvAvantinI vidizAne kabajo laI tyAM puSyamitre pitAnA putra agnimitrane adhikRta karyo tyArathI thaI, athavA te uttara ane pazcimamAM yavana saradAra manejara vigerenA ane dakSiNamAM vaDanA vijaya bAda ma. ni. 316 varSe agnimitre ujayinI para Adhipatya sthApyuM tyArathI thaI, e cekasa kahI zakAya tema nathI. khAravelanI magadha paranI bIjI caDhAIne hetu paNa dhArmika hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. khAravelanA zilAlekhamAM tenI bAramA varSanI kArakIdI viSe lakhAyuM che te A pramANe chekhAravele pitAnA rAjyanA bAramA varSe eTale ma. ni. 312mAM magadha para bIjI caDhAI karI hatI. A vakhate uttara pathanA rAjAone trAsa upajAvata hAthIonI moTI senA sAthe te magadhavAsIone bhayabhIta karate pATalIputra para utarI Avyo. teNe pATalIputranA rAjA bRhaspatimitrane pitAnA pagamAM namAvyA ane kaliMgajinanI mUrti-zrIrUSabhadevanI pratimA, jene AjathI 162 varSa pUrve AThamo ke navame nanArAjA kaliMga para caDhAI lAvI kaliMganA zatru jayAvatAra tIrtha kahevAtA kumAragiri paranA (hAlanA udaragiri paranA) jinaprAsAdamAMthI laI gayo hato, te pratimAne tathA tenA aMgenA ratnAdi jaDita upakaraNone ane vaLI aMga magadhanA sarva khajAnAne laI te cakravatI mahArAjA pAche pitAnA kaliMgamAM cAlyA gaye" (218) juve TIpaNa 97. (219) ju TIpa 97.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 159 hAthI guMphAnA uparokta lekhAMzamAM khAravelanI A pATalIputra paranI caDhAIne jevI rIte AlekhavAmAM AvI che, te rIta parathI e caDhAIne hetu magadhanI amuka prajA para thaI rahelA keI sAmayika dhArmika jAlamane aTakAvavAno hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. A caDhAImAM khAravelano spaSTa hetu e samajAya che ke tene kaliMganA apamAnane, parAbhavane ane haNapatano badale levAno hato. ane tenA dAdA kSemarAjane jItI AjJAMkita banAvyo hate. te pachI saMpatie sAdhamikapaNAthI kSemarAja tathA tenA pachI AvanAra vRddharAja sAthe suMdara maitrI saMbaMdha rAkhyo haze saMpratinA mRtyubAda vRddharAja vatanna thaI gaye hatuM, paraMtu kaliMga jinabhUti ane kaliMganuM vaMTAyeluM dhana jyAM sudhI pATalIputramAM paDayuM hoya tyAM sudhI vRddharAjanA pratApIputra jaina mahArAjA khAravelane saMtoSa na ja hoya e svAbhAvika che. e asaMte tene sabaLa, samRddha ane AkramaNakArI banavA preryo hate. AnA aMge sAmrAjya ane cakravartItva e te ene AgaMtuka ja AvI maLyAM hatAM. khAravela pATalIpuramAM potAnA hAthIone sIdhA sugAMgeya nAmanA jinaprAsAdanI pAse ja lAvI khaDA kare che, ke jyAM kaliMga jinabhUti che, e hakIkata kaliMganI Atma-gauravatAnA ane dhArmika zraddhALutAnA lakSyane ja sUcavanArI che, nahi ke dhArmika jUlama dUra karavAnA ke sAmrAjyAdi vadhAravAnA ke anya lakSyane. A sarva parathI zarUAtanA zuMgarAjAonA hAthe, je bauddhAdi para dhArmika julama gujAravAmAM Avyo hato ane tenuM je kamakamATI bhayuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che, te satya hetAM chatAM paNa tene samaya khAravelanI uperakta bane caDhAIo karatAM kAMIka moDo have joIe. bAkI, ekAda rAyakrAnti thAya tyAre badhI ya bAbatamAM je sAmAnya rIte julama pravarte che tevo jUlama, puSyamitra ane tenA putronA hAthe pravarco hoya te temAM kAMI asaMbhava jevuM nathI. eka jUnA ane ati majabUta vizAla sAmrAjyanAM vibhakta banelAM aMgone kramaza: paDAvI laI tene pacAvI nAkhavAne senAnI puSyamitre tenI ADe AvatAM badhAM ya tane jaDamULathI ukheDI nAkhavA banatuM badhuM ya karyuM haze ane emAM asahiSNutA, dharmavAda, Adi aneka kAraNene laI dhArmika julamane paNa sthAna haze ja, paraMtu vizeSa dhArmika julama te puSyamitro taraphathI mahAvIranI cothI sadInI prathama vizI bAda ja thayo hovo joIe. jainasAhityamAM A viSe kAMI paNa ullekha maLato nathI! arvAcIna kaI kaI saMzodhake puSyamitra ke agnimitrane kalakI ane khAravelane Indra tarIke hevAnI kalpanA kare che. A kalpanA karavAmAM teo purANe ane je sAhi. tyanI madada letA jaNAya che, chatAM tyAM Alekhele samaya ane keTalIka ghaTanAo paDatI melI de che; jainasAhityamAM kalakIne mArI tenA sthAne tenA putra dattane sthApanAra suravarendra " saudharma, kuliza pANI ane airAvatagAmI" 22deg kahevAya che. tyAM ema paNa kahevAyu | (220) " + + fha 4 jini jA to sTikavLI pAvaLarkhI suvatti" -mahAnizItha, a0 5

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. che ke, "caturmukha nAmanA rAjAe sAdhuonI pAse bhIkSAne pachAza mAgatAM sAdhuoe te na Ave eTale teNe sAdhuone gavATakamAM purI rAkhyA. A vakhate sAdhuoe kAryotsarga karyo. A ArAdhanane zake avadhijJAnanA upayogathI jANatAM dakSiNalakAdhipati e trizonA-denA mAlika rAjAe 86 varSanI vayavALA caturmukha nAza karyo ne tenA putra dattane tenA sthAne besADo 221 caturmukhane nAza karanAranI je sthiti ahiM varNavAI che te khAravelanA mATe baMdhabesatI karavA jatAM 4 dine InkAra karavA jevI Apatti AvI paDe che. sAdhananA abhAve satya zodhavAmAM niSphaLatA maLe tyAre zAstrIya siddha maulika hakIkatane phAvatA rUpakamAM ghaTAvI devI e bahu ja anucita che. kharI vAta e che ke, matabhedothI guMcavAyalI ane joIe tevI rIte spaSTa nahi lakhAyelI A caturmukha viSenI hakIkatane barAbara ukela thaI zakato nathI eTale saMdigdha kalpanAone Azraya levo paDe che, paNa tene koI prAmANika artha nathI. jainasAhityamAM catumukhanA nAza karanArane je avadhijJAnI vigere vizeSaNathI oLakhAvyo che tathA tene dattane sthApaka kahyo che, te khAravela nathI e kadi paNa bhUlavuM joIe nahi. khAravelane lagatuM keTaluMka meM "kaliMganuM zatruMjayAvatAra tIrtha" e mathALAthI lakhAyelA lekhamAM jaNAvyuM che tyAMthI jijJAsue jANI levuM. ahiM te e aprAsaMgika hoI, eTaluM ja jaNAvavAnuM che ke, khAravela cakravatI banate hoya ke puSyamitra cakravatI banavA puruSArtha karI rahyo hoya tenI sAme hAlanI ujajayinInI rAjasattA kAMI paNa pagalAM laI zake evI sthitimAM rahI nathI. videzIonA lekhethI jANavA maLe che ke, enTiocasa trIjAe kAbula para hala karI mauya sUbA muphAgasenane harAvyuM hatuM, paNa te aphaghAnistAnamAM na TakatAM athavA te hinda tarapha AgaLa na vadhatAM maurya sUbA taraphathI maLelA hAthI ane puSkaLa dravya laI pitAnA pradeza siriyAmAM cAlyA gaye. 223 mArI gaNatarI pramANe A ghaTa nAno samaya ma. ni 261 (I. sa. pU. 206) lagabhaga che. A enTIecasa trIjA jamAI ane yutheDimasano putra DimeTrIyasa ke je bekiyA (balakha) ne rAjA hatA, te (21) tithaigAlIpAinnaya vigere. (222) jaina satyaprakAza varSa 11, aMka 7, pR. 81 para juve e lekha. (22) enTiogasa [enTieNkasa) A hale ociMte laI gayA haze. potAnI taiyArI na hAvAthI ane magadha sAmrAjayanI madada mATe je te samaya na hovAthI kAbulanA rAjI subhagasene tAtkAlika dezane bacAvI levA amuka daMDa bharyo haze. A harasAne yavanethI kAbula jItI levAnA yuddha tarIke ApaNe na samajI zakIe, kemake enTiocasa daMDathI ja saMtoSa mAnI pitAnA deza tarapha cAlyo gayo che. dharmavijaya ane zAMtimAM mAnatA samrATa saMpratine sAmAM pagalAM bharavAne samaya maLe te pahelAM ja e dhamAdhama patI gaI hatI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 161 pitAnA sasarAnA hatA bAda 15 varSe kAbula tarapha halo laI jaI kAbulane jItI paMjAba ane sinka para adhikAra jamAvavA prayatna karI rahyo hata24 tyAre tenI gerahAjarImAM yukeTise baLa jagAvI pite bekiyAno rAja banI beThA. AvI rIte DimeTrIyasa potAnI mULa bekiTyanI gAdI gumAvI besatAM te have potAnA jItelA bhArata pradezamAM ja sAkalamAM (zyAlakoTamAM) rAjadhAnI rAkhI zAsana karavA mAMDayo. A ghaTanAno samaya ma. ni. 22 (Isa. pU. 175) lagabhaga che, ke je samaya saMpratinA rAjyAMtanI najIka hAI maurya sAmrAjyanA pratApanI ane lazkarI vyavasthAnI tathA ekakendrIya majabUta bhAvanAnI UtaratI kaLAne sUcaka che. yukreTisa bahakhane rAjA banI besI rahe nahi, paNa kahe che ke DimeTrIyasanA e pratispardhIe DimeToyasa pAsethI hiMdano keTalAka pradeza paNa jItI lIdhe, paraMtu e vijetA svadeza jatAM tenA putranA hAthe ja mRtyu pAmyo. A arasAmAM eTale ma. ni. 307( I. sa. pU. 10)nI lagabhagamAM eka mInDara nAmanI etihAsika jANItI vyakti dekhAva de che. mInDara e DimeTrIyasa ane yukeTisa e bemAMthI konA vaMzaja tarIke ane kenA saTTAra tarIke hatA, A viSayamAM saMzodhako vacce matabheda che, paraMtu te kAbulanA rAjakartA tarIke jANItuM che. teNe ma. ni. 311 ke 31ra (I. sa. pU. 155-156)nI lagabhaga bhArata para caDhAI karI ane paMjAba tathA sinyanA pradezane jIte te mathurA, rAjaputAnA ane kacha-soraTha tarapha AgaLa vadhe hate. mIra mathurA AvI paDe tyAre tene sAmane karavA puSyamitrane te tarapha sanya deravAnI jarUrIyAta paDI hatI. keTalAka kahe che ke, "mInDara mathurA nagarI kabaje karI hatI, sAketa ane rAjapUtAnAnI madhyamikA nagarI para ghero ghAlyuM hatuM ane pATalI. putra suddhAM bhayamAM AvI paDayuM hatuM. 225 " ApaNe A viSenI spaSTa vigata na meLavI (224) saMzodhake A bInA banyAne samaya ma. ni. ra71 ke 277 (i. sa. 5. 191 ke 190) muke che; paraMtu mI. smIthanA kathana mujaba (hi. prA. i. pUrvAdha pR. 301 ) A sAlA aDasaTe ja tAlAvelI che. mane lAge che ke, DimeTrIyasanI kAbula paranI caDhAIo A samayathI zarU thaI haze, paNa te sAmane karI pAchI vALavAmAM AvatI haze. Ama chatAM saMpatinA maraNa bAda ke tenA marasunA ekAda be AgalA varSomAM maune sAmane tUTI jatAM DimeTrIya kAbulane jItI bhAre vegathI paMjAba ane siMdha tarapha dhasI AvI tene kabajo meLavavA zaktimAna thayA haze. A samaye kAzmIranA subA azokaputra jaloke e paradezIone hAMkI kADhavA bhAre bhAga bhajavyo hato ema kahevAya che, paraMtu teNe svataMtra thavAnI khumArImAM magadha sAmrAjyanI-ujayinInI madada ane saMparkanI bedarakArI rAkhI haze. pariNAme, e paradezIo-ekiTrayane--DimeTrIyasa sinya ane paMjAbane hastagata karavAmAM phALe haze, A uparathI ema samajAya che ke, saMprati potAnA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM dhArmika jIvanamAM jhaLahaLa haze paNa rAjakIya jIvanamAM tenI UtaratI kalA haze, (25) pataMjalInA mahAbhASyamAM ApelAM udAharaNo ane gAgasaMhitAnI bhaviSyavANI parathI e "keTalAke'nuM hindustAnane prAcIna itihAsa ane bhArata prAcIna rAjavaMzanA kartAonuMkathana che. 21

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162 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. zakIe paNa evA anumAna para te jarUra AvI zakIe chIe ke, manenDare pazcima bhAratane moTe bhAga sara karI bhAratanA madhyabhAgamAM pravezavA bhAre hIlacAla karI hatI ane puSyamitronI sAthe atighAra yuddha khelyA bAda tene aMte temAM asaphaLatA maLI hatI. A pachI te thoDA samaya sAkalamAM rahyo ane jItelA pradezanI vyavasthA karI, paNa pachI jema bane tema jaladIthI tene pitAnA deza kAbulamAM cAlyA javAnI pharaja paDI, kemake AkramaNakArIethI kAbulanuM rakSaNa karavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thaI hatI mInenDaranA kAbula cAlyA gayA bAda pazcima hiMdamAM-bhavanAthI jItAyelA pradeza para zAsana calAvanArAonAM bhUmaka, rAjulula, enisiasa vigere nAme maLI Ave che. e zAstAo anukrame madhyamikA, mathurA, takSazilA vigerenA che. bhUmaka ane rAjulula e satra hatA. teo takSazilAnA yavanarAja enisiasane tAbe haze ke mInDarane tAbe haze e samajavuM muzkela che. uparokta yavananA bhArata paranA AkramaNa daramIyAna balamitra-bhAnumitra kevI rIte sakriya hatA athavA te nikriya ja besI rahyA hatA e viSenI kAMI paNa neMdha Aje ApaNane maLatI nathI. temanA hAthamAMthI pUrva bhArata ane dakSiNApatha chUTAM thaI gayAM hatAM ane pazcimabhAratanA lagabhaga badhA ya pradezo jhuMTavAI gayA hatA. have teo pazcima avanti ane lATa Adi najIkanA pradezanA ja rAjA rahyA hatA. paraMtu A pachInAM varSomAM temanI svatannatA rahevA pAmI nahi. ma. ni. 316 varSe puSyamitroe temanA para pitAnuM Adhipatya sthApI dIdhuM. bahu ja saMbhava che ke, ujajayinI para Adhipatya sthApavAnuM kArya puSyamitranA putra agnimitranA hAthe thayuM haze. thoDAM varSo pahelAM te pUrva avaninI vidizAmAM adhikRta thaye hate. e mahAna senAdhipatie te pachIthI vAha ane pazcima avantine AdhIna karI zuMgAnA hAthamAM magadha sAmrAjyane nAkhavA mATe phALo Ape che. tene samrA banavAnA keDa che, paraMtu tenA pitA puSyamitranI hayAtImAM te rAjA ja rahyo che. pari sattA dharAvatA puSyamitra pitAne senAnI tarIke oLakhAve che, paraMtu te vyavahAramAM atyAra samrATu ja manAya che, ane tethI ujajayinIne adhipati paNa tene ja mAnavo rahyo. ane tenA ja nAmathI have pachInuM Alekhana karavuM rahyuM. je kAvya ga0 gA mAM paNa eka pATha, "tIraM pukha pumirara' hAI puSyamitranA nAme ja 30 varSa avantinuM Adhipatya lakhyuM che. Ama chatAM e Adhipatya 22 varSa ja rahyuM che ane temAM ya te rAjA na banatAM potAnA putrane ja rAjA banAve che tathA tenA pachI 8 varSa agnimitra sAmrAjya para che. A sarva dhyAnamAM laI, kAga gAi nA pAThAntara, "tI pukha putine anusarI ahiM puSyamitro' tarIke mizra Alekhana karAze.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. puSyamitro 30 varSa. ma. ni. 31 6-346 (vi. saM. 5 94-64, I. sa. pU. 151-121) pahelAM e kahevAI gayuM che ke, puSyamitra e maune zuMgavaMzIya senAnI hatA. ma. ni. 304 varSe eNe je himmatathI pitAnA svAmI vRddharatha rAjAnI sainikonI hAjarImAM ja katala karI te parathI lAge che ke, tenA tarapha eka moTA sainyanI vaphAdArI haze ane te ghaNA samayathI senAnI pade haze. teNe pitAnA svAmInuM khUna karavAnuM duSkRtya karyuM tenI pAchaLa rAjyalisA haze ke vaidika dharmapracAranI bhAvanA haze, yavanathI bhAratanA saMrakSaNanI tamannA haze ke koI anya ja kAraNa haze, A saMbaMdhamAM kAMI paNa anumAna thaI zake tema nathI. e aMta sudhI senAnI ja rahyo che, paraMtu rAjA ke samrA tarIke pote pitAne oLakhAvate nathI. teNe pATalIputranI gAdIe potAnA moTA putra bRhaspatimitrane sthApe hate. ene rAjatvakAla jaNAye nathI, paraMtu te ma. ni. 312 sudhI te have ja. saMbhava che ke, te ma. ni 316 varSe mRtyu pAmyA hoya. bRhaspatimitra pachI devavarmana, zatadhanvanuM ane bRhadratha, e rAjAo AvyA ane teone rAjatvAkAla anukrame 7 varSa, 8 varSa ane 7 varSa hatuM. A traNa rAjAone samuccaya rAjatvakAla 7+8+3=22 varSa che te bRhaspatimitranA mRtyakAla 316 mAM umerIe te 316-223338 varSe bRhadratha (vRjada) ne rAjyAMta Ave. A pachI pATalIputra sIdhuM agnimitranA ja hAtha nIce cAlyuM gayuM hoya tema lAge che. purANe zatadhanUna pachI bRhadratha athavA vrajada% rAjAnuM nAma lakhe che ane tenI katava puSyami ne hAthe thaI hatI ema paNa tyAM jaNAvavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu kharI vAta e che ke, puSyamitranA hAthe katala karAyale maurya rAjA vRddharatha che, A bRhadratha nahi. A bRhadratha te puSyamitrane vaMzaja-puSyamitranA putra agnimitrane putra vasumitra hovA saMbhava che, ke je puSyamitranA hAthe karAyelA azvamedha yajJanA azvanI rakSAthe gayA hatA. saMbhava che ke, e yajJanI pUrNAhUtI bAda tene pATalIputrane rAjyAdhikAra se haze ane puSyamitranA jIvanakAlamAM ja te ma. ni. 331 thI 338 sudhI 7 varSa rAjya bhogavI agnimitranA hAthe karAyelA azvamedha yajJanA azvanI rakSA karatAM yavanonA hAthe mAryo gayo haze. jo ke, A bahu ja cokkasa hakIkata che ema kahevAne prAmANika jevA joIe tevA ullekho maLatA nathI. purANAe devavarmana vigerene moryavaMzanA mAnI, A badhA samaya daramIyAna vidyamAna evA zuMga sAmrAjyanA sthApaka, saMrakSaka ane saMcAlaka mukhyamitrane temanI pachInA rAjA tarIke Alekhe che ane tene 36 varSa rAjatvakAla lakhe che. zrIyuta. ke. ha. dhruva e 36 varSanA badale 37 varSa lakhe che. A lekha pramANe puSyamitranuM mRtyu ma. ni. 340 varSe thayuM che ane teNe ma. ni. 304 varSe pATalIputra lIdhuM hatuM, ema tene 36 varSa rAjatvakAla purANamAM gaNAya che, te ghaTAvI zakAya.

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164 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. enA putra agnimitrane rAjatvakAla kaI 8 varSa te keI 30 varSa lakhe che. ma. ni. 340 varSe puSyamitranA mRtyu bAda te sArvabhauma rAjA thaye e gaNatarIe, te ma. ni. 340 thI 346 sudhI 6 varSa sudhI sAmrAjayapade hatA chatAM, tenAM 8 varSa lakhAyAM che te teNe ma. ni. 338 varSe puSyamitranI hayAtImAM pATalIputra kabaje lIdhuM A apekSAe lakhAyAM hoya ema jaNAya che. matAMtare je tenAM 30 varSa lakhyAM che te te tenA vidizA para bhegavelA rAjatvAkAla sAthenAM che. e rAjavakAlanI zarUAta ujayinI para Adhipatya jamAvyA pachIthI gaNI hoya tema lAge che. bIjI tarapha jaina kAlagaNanAnI gAthAonI aMdara puSyamitranAM 30 varSa lakhAyAM che te paNa ujajayinInA Adhipatya aMge ja che. e Adhipatya puSyamitranuM ane agnimitranuM-pitA ane putra bannenuM 22 varSa ane 8 varSa ema vibhAgathI athavA ekalA agnimitranuM paNa gaNI zakAya tema che. mAlavikAgnimitra' nA jaNAvyA pramANe, puSyamitre rAjasUya yajJanI dIkSA lIdhI hatI ane vasumitra, ke jenI tyAM agnimitranA yuvarAjaputra tarIke oLakha ApelI che, tene teNe surakSita banAvI chUTA mUkelA yajJAzvanI rakSA mATe sarakArI sepI hatI. e azvane yavanee aTakamAM letAM, vasumitre temanI sAthe sidhu nadI para eka khUnakhAra jaMga khelI temAM vijaya meLavI tene cheDA ane uttarApathanA dezomAM vijaya karato te vikkI yuvarAja pATalIputra pAcho pharyo. A vakhate puSyamitre agnimitrane sahakuTuMba vidizAthI bolAvyo hato. puSyamitranI mAphaka agnimitra paNa senAnI hAI lazkarI mIjAjane hate. te parAkramI hevA sAthe vilAsI, uddhata, krodhI ane dharmAnya hevA saMbhava che. "mAlavikAgnimitra" nATakanA kartA paNa puSyamitranA AmatraNa patramAM agnimitrane "kodha dUra karavAnA" zabda Alekhe che. tenA krodhanAM kAraNono tyAM spaSTa ulekha nathI, paraMtu samajAya che ke, te dareka bAbatamAM taraMgI, lobhI ane jUlmI haze ane dhAryuM karavAmAM koinuM na sAMbhaLatAM cogya sUcana karanArA pitAnA pitA puSyamitra jevAthI paNa tharaDAI besanAre haze. potAnA bhAI bhatrIjAonA hAthamAM pATalIputrane adhikAra hoya e tene khuMcate hoya, A paNa kAraNa tenA thaDAI javAmAM hevA saMbhava che. A sarva parathI siddha thAya che ke, puSyamitra pote pitAne senAnI lakhe che, paraMtu kartavyamAM te samrATanI jema vartate jaNAya che ane teNe vaidika prAcIna rAjAonI praNAlikA pramANe cakavatI paNAnI sUcaka rAjasUya yajJanI vaidika vidhi karI hatI. A dharaNe ma. ni. 316 thI 338 sudhI 22 varSa puSpamitrane ane ma. ni. 338 thI 346 sudhI 8 varSa agnimitrane ujjayinImAM AdhipatyakAla hate. kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM matAntare "pumittA" evA dvivacanavALA zabdaprayAgathI puSyamitra ane agnimitra e be rAjAne tyAM lakhela rAjatvakAla letAM te kAla 228=30 varSane ghaTI zake che. kharI rIte te 30 varSa agnimitranA AdhipatyanAM hatAM te, tene lAMbA kAla sudhI hayAta rahelA iMgavaMzanA sthApaka

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vakIla puSyamitranA nAkhe "putti ' zabdaprayogathI caDAvAya te te matamAM paNa asaMgata jevuM kAMI nathI. TIbeTIyana itihAsakAra 5. tArAnAtha jUnAM sAdhanA AdhAre baudhdho para puSyamitranA karAyelA julama viSe je kathana kare che te, puSyamitranA hAthe ke tenA putranA hAthe thayo hoya te paNa puSyamitranI hayAtImAM tenI sarvopari sattA nIce te julama thayo hovAthI vAjabI ja kathana kare che. saMbhava che ke, puSyamitranA maraNa bAda agnimitranA hAthe e julamanI paraMparA cAlu rahI hoya ane e julamanI parAkASTAmAM chevaTe tenuM viSama rIte mRtyu nIpajyuM hoya. ujayinI para puSyamitranuM 30 varSa Adhipatya kahevAyuM che tethI e paNa spaSTa thAya che ke, agnimitranA ma ni. 346 varSe mRtyu thayA bAda pAchalA zuMgone Adhipatya tyAM rahyuM nathI, balamitra-bhAnumitre temanuM Adhipatya tyAMthI phagAvI dIdhuM che. uparAMta, magadha vigerenA anyAnya maurya rAjAo paNa agnimitranA julamathI trAselA hAI, pAchalA zRMgarAjAonI vadhAre paDatI vilAsitA ke anya game te kAraNethI AvI paDelI nabaLAIne lAbha laI svatanna thayA hoya ema bhAratanA pUrvIya pradezamAM lAMbA kALa sudhI maurya rAjAone vaMza cA havAnI hakIkate parathI mAlUma paDe che. kharI rIte pAchalA zuMgenI nabaLAInAM bIja agnimitranA hAthe ja vavAyAM hatAM ema lAge che. mairyavaMza (dvitIya vibhAga) 61 varSa, mani. 346-407 (vi. saM. pU. 64-3. I. sa. pU. 121-60) puSyamitranA Adhipatyano 30 varSa gALe paDayA bAda ujajayinI para pharIthI maunuM Adhipatya zarU thAya che. pahelAM 22 varSa Adhipatya bhogavI cukelA balamitrabhAnumitra pharIthI tyAM pitAnuM Adhipatya sthApana kare che. teonA tyAM 8 varSa Adhipatya pachI balamitrane putra navAhana 40 varSa ane te pachI tene putra gaNitala 13 varSa Adhipatya bhogave che. jena kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo e mauryA hatA ke nahi te viSe kAMI paNa lakhatI nathI. viruddha, te parathI ema samajAya che ke, teo jANe maryo na hoya. teonA mau havA viSe jenasAhitya ke jainetara graMthathI paNa koI mAhitI maLatI nathI, phakta himavaMta rAvalI ApaNane spaSTa kahe che ke, teo azokanA vaMzajo eTale mauryo hatA. tharAvalInA e kathana 52 avizvAsa karavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI. balamitra-bhAnumitrane zuMgavaMzIya, navAhanane nahapAna mAnI kSaharATavaMzIya ane galilane paNa koI anyavaMzIya kahenArAonI vividha kalpanAo pAchaLa apAtA purAvAo avyavasthita heI te prAmANika koTImAM mukI zakAya tevA nathI, thI gherAvalInA kathanane ja svIkArI levuM e ja ucita ne ISTa che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya balamitra-bhAnumitra 8 varSa, ma. ni. 346-354. (vi, sa, pU. 64-56 i. sa. pU. 121-113) 8 jaina kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo ane himata therAvalI balamitra-bhAnumitrane rAjatvakAla 60 varSoM nAMdhe che te, puSpamitronA ujjayinI para 30 varSa Adhipatya pahelAM ane pachI bhAgavelAM anukrame 22 varSa ane 8 varSa ema. 22+8=30 14, ane temanA Adhipatya daramIyAna temaNe ujjayinImAM mAMDalika tarIke ke matAMtare bharUcamAM svatantra zajA tarIke bhAgavelAM ujjayinInA Adhipatya vagaranAM, ujjayinInA AdhipatyavALAM 22 varSa ane 8 varSa vaccenA samayanAM 30 varSa, ema beu maLone 30+30=60 varSanAMdhAyAM che. emanA ujjayinI para AdhipatyavALA ane Adhipatya vagaranA ema 60 varSanA rAjatvakAla daramIyAna, jo kAI paNa ghaTanAnA ullekha thayA hoya te te phakta, dazapUrvadhara yugapradhAna kAlakAcAyanuM- zyAmAcAyanuM temanI rAjadhAnI ujjiyanImAMthI cAmAsAnI aMdara thayelA nirvAsananA che. kAlakAcAryanuM nirvAsana ujjayinIthI thayuM ke bharUcathI thayuM emAM matabheda che. keTalAka AcAryo kahe che tema, jo te bharUcathI thayu hAya tA, ma. ni. 316 thI 346 sudhImAM jyAre ucinImAM puSpamitronuM Adhipatya hatuM tyAre te rAjAe bharUcamAM rahetA hAya ane tyAMthI kAlakAcAryanuM nirvAsana thayuM hoya ema mAnavuM AvI paDe che. k jaina kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo parathI pravatatA cAlu saprahAya ahamitra-jJAnumitrane ma. ni. 353 thI 413 sudhImAM muke che tethI kAlakAcAryanuM uparAsta nirvAsana ma. ni. 353 thI lai ma. ni. 376 mAM kAlakAcAya svastha thayA te samayanA vacagALAmAM kayAreka ujjayinIthI thayuM hatu ema tenA mate manAya, paraMtu jo temane puSyamitra pachI AvanArA hAvAthI zuMgavaMzIya ja mAnavAmAM Ave te temanI rAjadhAnI kadAca, pATalIputra athavA khAsa karIne, vidvithA hAya ane teo tyAM vasatA hAya, paNa temanI rAjadhAnI ke vasavATa ujjayinImAM hoya nahi; ane te tema ja hoya te temanA hAthe kAlakAcAnuM ujjayinIthI athavA tA bharUcathI nirvAsana thayuM hatuM ema je jainasAhityamAM kathana kAcuM che te asaMgata thaI paDe. AthI sAbIta thAya che ke, mahamitra-bhAnumitranI rAjadhAnI vidizA ke pATalIputramAM na hatI, tema teo zuMgavazIya paNa na hatA, paraMtu himavaMta therAvalI he che. tema maurya vaMzIya hatA ane saMprati pachI ujjayinInI rAjagAdIe AvyA hatA. jaina sAhitya kahe che ke, temanA mantrI kruNvavaMzanA hatA ane te custa vaizvika hatA. saMbhava che ke, peAtAnA para puSyamitrAnI sarvoparItA sthapAtAM khalamitra-bhAnumitrane vaya rAjadvArI kunehathI zuMgAnI sAthe lAgavaga dharAvatA vavacanA puruSane mantrIpada para rAkhavAnI AvazyakatA jaNAi DAya athavA teA temane tema karavAnI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. puSyamitroe pharaja pADI heya. kAlakAcAryane kasamaye nirvAsita karAvavAmAM e lIlA vaidika mantrIe ja mukhya bhAga bhajavyuM hatuM ema jainasAhitya kahe che. yugapradhAna, dazapUrvadhara, prajJApanA sUtranA kartA, kAlakAcArya karyuM zyAmAcAryanuM ja ujajayinIthI nivasana thayuM hatuM ane kaNavamankInI khaTapaTane laI temane nivasita karanAra A ja balamitra-bhAnumitra hatA tathA ujajayinIthI comAsAnI zarUAtanA divasomAM ja A% sAtakarNInI rAjadhAnI pratiSThAnapura tarapha vihAra karI tyAM pahoMcyA bAda payuMSaNAdina paMcamIne catuthImAM parivartana karanArA A samayanA ja kAlakAcArya (zyAmAcArya) hatA, vigere hakIkata meM mAza "paryuSaNa parvadina parivartaka Arya kAlaka" e mathALAvALA lekhamAM 26 cacI che. che. ahiM to tene balamitra-bhAnumitranA samayamAM temanA hAthe ghaDAyelI eka ghaTanA tarIke ja ImAre karavAmAM AvyuM che. saMbhava che ke, uparokta nirvasananI ghaTanA samaye balamitra hayAta na hoI, ujajayinInuM Adhipatya bhegavate teno bhrAtA bhAnumitra kAcA kAnano ne avicArI hovAne laI te kavamandInI lIlI doravaNano bhaMga thaI paDayo hoya. paraMtu A vastu siddha karavAne kaI purA na hovAnA kAraNe te eka ka95nA ja che. A balamitra-bhAnumitra pachI ujajayinInuM Adhipatya balamitranA putra navAhananA hAthamAM AvyuM e navAhano-tenI oLakha vigerene bahu ja matAMtara bharyo khyAla ApIe te pahelAM, balamitra-bhAnumitranA 60 varSanA rAjatvakAlamAM jainatvanI zI sthiti hatI tene kaI isAre karI laIe. yugapradhAna Arya mahAgirijI svargastha thayA te pachI temano gaNa-ziSya samudAya Arya suhastinA gaNu sAthe sAMgikatAeka maMDalImAM karAte AhAradivyavahAra-rAkhate hato ke nahi te viSene ulekha prAyaH jovAmAM AvatuM nathI, paraMtu e vAta te nakI che ke, zrI suhastinA netRtva nIce zrI zramaNa saMgha ekarUpa hatuM. A mahAgirijInA ziSyomAMthI zrI balirasaha vigere, pitAnA gurue AcarelI jinaka5tulanAnI paraMparA ochAvattA rUpe sAcavI rahyA haze, ema himavaMta zUrAvalI parathI mAluma paDe che, paraMtu samaya vItatAM e paraMparA cAlu na rAkhavAnuM temane ane temanA ziSyane chevaTe ucita lAgyuM hoya ema jaNAya che. zrIsvAti ane zrIzyA kAryane himavaMta therAvalImAM sthavirakalpI tarIke gaNAvyA che 27 te parathI lAge che ke, Arya balirUpe ja pAchaLathI (226) ju, jena' patrane vi saM. 2001 ne paryuSaNAMka. pu. 44, aM. 34, pR. 433. (27) khAravele sAdhu sAdhvIonI pariSada bolAvI hatI. temAM AvelA sAdhuone be vibhAgathI jaNAvyA che. jemake -balissala, behiliMga, devAyariya, dhammaseNu, nakhattAyariya Adi 200 sAdhuone jinAlpanI tulanA karanArA ane ajamasudaya-suraviddha, misAI, sAmajaja Adi 300 sAdhuone sthaviraka9pI tarIke vyavahAra karanArA. ahiM therAvalIne e mUlapATha AvI rIte che-puhika titthayara-gaNahara-parudhiyaM pavayaNaM vi bahuso viNaTThapAyaM NAUNa teNaM bhikkhurAya

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168 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. sthavikalpa para ja bhAra mukI jinaka5nI tulanA karavAnuM amukaze aTakAvI dIdhu heya. koI viziSTa puruSa jinaka95nI talanA kare tenI paraMparA cAlu rAkhavAthI bhaviSyamAM NiveNaM jiNapavayaNasaMgahaI ca saMpaiNivuva lamaNANaM NigaMThANaM NiggaMThoNaM ya egA parisA tattha kumArIpavyaya-tithimmi meliyaa| tatthaNa therANaM ajjamahAgirINamaNupattANaM balissaha-bohiliMga-devAyariya-dhammaseNa-nakkhattAyariyAha jiNakaSitulaNataM kuNamANANaM dunnisayA NiggaMThANaM smaagyaa| ajjasuTThiya-suvaDibuDDha (paDibuddha )-umasAi sAmajjA iNaM therakappiyANaM vi tinni sayA jiggaMThANaM samAgayA + + + / (A pachI A pANI Adi 300 sAdhIo, bhikhurAya-sIcaMda-curaNa-braga Adi 700 zrAvo ane bhikSuraya rAjAnI strI purasumittA Adi 700 zrAvikAonI e pariSadamAM hArI hevAnI vAta lakhI che ) hima0 therA 6 (mudrita) naMdIsatrapaTTAvalI, ke je mAtharI-vacanAnugata che, temAM "vigutta rAI 'e gAthAthI hArita getravALA svAtinuM nAma balissaha pachI ApeluM che. muti himavaMta therAvalonA 5 8 para paNa e ja gAthA nedhelI che, paraMtu ahiM svAtanA badale umasvAti lakhAya che tenuM kAraNa samajAtuM nathI. upAdhyAya zrI dharmasAgarajI tapAgaccha paTTAvalImAM A svAtine balirUhanA ziSya ane sAmAnA guru tarIke lakhI rahyA che ane temanuM gotra hArita hatuM e niHzaMka che, jyAre saMskRta saMkSipta sUtrAtmaka "tavAtha" ane tenA bhASyanA kartA umAsvAti pote pitAnA bhASyanI prazastimAM dIkSAguru. tarIke zeSanaddhikSamaNa ane vidyAguru tarIke "mUla' nAmanA vAyanAcArya tathA gotra tarIke kabhISaNi hevAnuM jaNAve che. AthI svAti ane umAsvAti e banne bhinna bhinna vyakti che, ema sAbIta thAya che. vAlajI paTTAvalI mAM Aryasahasti ane spAmAryanI vacce guNasuMdarane yugapradhAna gaNAvyA che. mAthurI pAvalImAM uparokta yugapradhAna guNasuMdaranA sthAne balissaha ane svAtine gaNAvyA che, tethI spaSTa che ke, balissaha ane svAtino yugapradhAnatvAkAla, guNasaMdarano yugapradhAnatvAkAla je ma. ni 20thI 375 sudhI hato te ja che. khAravele potAnA rAjyanA 13mA varSe eTale ma. ni. 31mAM zramaya pariSada bharI hatI temAM balihanI hAjarI hatI tethI samajAya che ke, te pachI kayAreka svAti yugapradhAnapade mAvyA haze ane ma. na. 375 sudhI-sthAmArya yugapradhAnapada para AvyA tyAM sudhI rahyA haze. Ama svAtane samaya mahAvIranI cothI sadInA pUrvAdhamAM nizcita che, jayAre umAsvAtino samaya cekasa rIte kathana karavo e bahu ja muzkela che. siri dusamAkAla samaNusaMdhathayuM (dhamadhapari), tapAgacchaddAvalI (u. dharmasAgarajIgaNI), lokaprakAza (u. vinayavijayagaNI,) padAvalIyArAhAra (u. ravi. vadhanamaNI ), vigere prathama yugapradhAna umAsvAtine jinabhadragala kSamAzramaNa pachI nekhA che. tyAM zrIjinabhadrane mahAvIranI bAramI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM eTale ma. ni. 1115 varSo ane umAsvAtine bAramI sadInA lagabhaga aMte eTale ma. ni. 1190 varSe svargastha thayAnuM lakhAyuM che. A lekhake umAsvAtine yugapradhAna tarIke lakhe che. temanI sAthe vAyA zakha jeThatA nathI. tethI samajAya che ke, vAcaka umAsvAtithI A yugapradhAna umAsvAti bhinna che. digaMbara AcArya pUjyapAde tatvArthasatra para sarvAsiddhi nAmanI TIkA lakhI che. temane samaya vikramanI pAMcamI chaThThI sadI ma. ni. nI 10 mI 11mI paDI mAnavAmAM Ave che, e mAnyatA barAbara hoya to

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 169 atipariNAma ke apariNAmathI zAsanane akhkhalita vahetu rAkhavAnI muThThIvatAne Arya balisRhane anubhava thaye heya enuM e pariNAma hatuM ke kema e jANavAnuM Aje kaI spaSTa sAdhana nathI. A samayathI pahelI vAyaka umAsvAtI thayA che ema mAnavuM rahyuM. bhAratIya vidyA. tRtIya bAgamAM zrIyuta paM: nAthurAmajI premI tatvArthasUtrane pahelo saMskRta jena sUtragraMtha' tarIke kathA karatAM ene racanAkAla sabasiddhi nAmanI TIkAthI 15,200 varSa pUrve hevAnuM anumAna kare che. arthAta ; ma. ni. nI navamI sadInA aMtanI labhaga sudhImAM umAsvAtine teo mude che; parantu mAre kahevuM joIe che. tavA (rajA) e pahelo ja saMskata jena zreSTha che te upAtine samaya zrIyuta premIjI kahe che te karatAM vadhAre pUve che jeIe, kemake, ma. ni. 87 vaSe' AcArAMga di sUtro para vivaraNa racanAra, RhilAcAryanA vaDIla gurubhrAtA madhumitranA traNa pUrvanA jJAtA mahA pajAvavihAna ziSya gandhatie tatvArthasUtra para 80000 pramANa "mahAbhASya lakhyuM hatuM, ema himAMtara valo khI raDI che. mAthurI yugapradhAna paTTAvalI pramANe ma. ni 810 varSe ane vAlIyugapradhAna padAvalI pramANe ma. ni. 823 ke 826 varSa brahmIpika siMhasUrine yugapradhAnakAla purA thaI, temanA ziSya aMtilAcAryano yugapradhAnatakAla zarU thayo hato emAM koI matabheda nathI. jo ke valabhI yugapradhAna padAvalIo siMhari pachI 78 varSa jeTalA lAMbA kAla paryaMta nAgAnanuM ja yugapradhAna mAnI skaMdila ane tenA pachInA yugapradhAna himavaMtane paDatA muke che e eka judI vAta che. Agama para vivaraNa saMskRtamAM lakhavAne samaya AvI paho tenAthI bahu ja pUre jevAcAryo pitAnI katio saMskRtamAM racatA hatA ke nahi ane racatA hatA to kayArathI, e praznane adhurAM anumAnabhAsothI hala karavA jatAM koI paNa temAM bhAgye ja saphaLatA meLavI zake. AvI sthiti mAM gadhArita siddhasenI keTalA samaya pUrve tatvArthasUvanA kartA kaubhIraNi umAsvAti thayA hatA e nakkI karavuM muzkela che. gadhahasti siddhasenathI cAra sadI pUrve thayelA saMvata pravartaka vikramAditya e prabodha kumudacaMdra-siddhasena divAkara, ke jeo saMskRta vADamayanA dhuraMdhara vidvAna ane prauDha mahAkavi hatA, temanAthI A umAsvAti pra thayA hatA tyA pachI thayA hatA. e kahI zakAya tema nathI. umAsvAti pitAnA bhAgyamAM prazasti lakhatA potAnI oLakha Ape che temAM teo potAne 'urnAgaravAcaka ' tarIke lakhe che jema ke: vAcakamukhyasya zivadhiyaH prakAzayazasaH prazidhyeNa / ni yojanAkSamArAviDa che vAcanayA ca mahAvAcakakSamaNamuNDapAdaziSyasya / ziSyeNa vAcakAcAryamUlanAmnaH prthitkiirteH|| ... myagrodhikAprasUtena viharatA puravare kusumanAmni / kaumISaNinA svAtitanayena vAtsIsutenA'yam // . arhadvacanaM gurukrameNAgataM samupadhArya / duHkhAtaM ca durAgamavihatamati lokamavalokya / ivamuccai garavAvakena sattvAnukampayA rabdhaM / / tasvArthAdhigamAkhyaM spaSTamumAsvAtinA zAstram //

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avatinuM Adhipatya. vAlabhavAcanAnusAra Arya suhati pachI "guNasuMdara' nAmanA sthavira AcArya yugapraNAnapade AvyA hatA. temane yugapradhAnacvakAsa ma, ni. 291 thI 335 sudhIne 36 varSa pramANa hatuM. teonI ane teonA kAryone koI paNa hakIkata maLatI nathI. phakta temane gRhasthApiyaya ke have te ja yugapradhAna paTTAvalIthI jAvA maLe che. saMbhava che ke, teo bAyaMsuhatinA bAra ziSyomAM keIkanA samudAyamAMnA haze, paNa A vinA paTTAkSara jevAmAM AvatA nathI. mAthura vAcanAnusAra AIsuhasti pachI ma. ni. ra1 thI 335 sudhInA 36 varSamAM AyamahAbhirinA ziSya-balidasaha ane svAti e be yugapradhAna thayA hovAnuM jANavA maLe che. zrI svAtijIe saniyuktika taravArtha sUtra racyuM hatuM, e ukha himavaMta tharAvalImAM "hA huM tAju ni jaznaraza." AvA zabdomAM maLe che. upAdhyAya zrI dharmasAgarajI gaNi "tAvArtha vigere graMthe temanA kerelA ja saMbhave che." ema tapAgaccha paTTAvalImAM saMbhAvanA kare che. saMbhAvanA tarIke e haveba kema ? bhinna bhinna gautra tarIke oLakhAvAtA svAti ane umAsvAti zuM bhinna che? eke nikti sameta tavArtha prAkRtamAM lakhyuM ane bIjAe sabhA tarArthasUra saMskRtamAM prAkRta parathI anuvAdita karyuM ema havA saMbhava che zuM? svAti ane umAsvAti eka ja A uparathI samajAya che ke, umAsvAti musthita-sapratibaddhathI nIkaLelA TikagaNanI "uccA nAgarI' zAkhAmAM kayAreka thayA hatA, paraMtu temano samaya nakkI karI zakAya tema nathI. tarArthanAmAM upakaraNanA bAhya ane abhatara ema be bheda pADayA che te AgamamAM na dekhatAM zrogathi-sikasena e viSe lakhatAM "mArA toDaji :" ema jaNAvAya che tethI ema anumAna thAya che ke, uccAnAgarI zAkhAmAM umAsvAtI thayelA hovA cha vAcavAthI temane gurukama kinna ho. zrIyata, nAthurAma prema kahe che tema, e gurukama bApatIya' ke kema e eka prazna che. ane tethI yApanIya' hAvA tarIke paNa temanA samayane nija karavAmAM muzkelI che. A sAthe carcA parathI evuM ja pAbIta thAya che ke, umApati hArita patinI pachI ane gati -siddhasenanI pa eTale ma. ni. nI cothI sadInI pachI ane navamI sadInI pUrve khAreka tha hatA. himavaMta rAvalInA te AskaMdila mATe je kaI saMrakamamAM bakhAyuM che te pAchaLathI umeravAmAM AvyuM hoya tema jaNAya che. A umere ne yAra e javAnuM sAdhana nathI. mane lAge che ke, A umare karatI vakhate divAnA viSe bahu paricita evA te anusaMdhAnakartA kaumINa umAsvAti vize ajJAta hoya ke prAkRta "thapura jagura' ane "tArtha sAtha' eka mAnatA hoya athavA anya game te kAraNe temaNe himavaMta rAvalanA lat' nI pahela "ma' zaba mukI dIdhe heya. ema paNa banavA khaMbhava che ke, prAkRta ane saMskRta tatvArthasUtrane eka samajanAza kaI prati lakhanArAnA (Athe e ' zabda praNita thaI gayo che. AthI vizeSa ane chatya nirNaya te bahu Ape te kharA.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 171 hoi tatvArtha, prathamati Adi graMtha zuM svAtinA ja che? svAti jevA pUrvadharane sUtrAtmaka saMkSepamAM lakhavAnI kaLA hastagata kema na hoI zake? A ja samayamAM zrI pataMjalie saMkSipta saMskRta sUtrAtmaka rogazAstra thayuM hatuM te pachI zrI satijI jevA parvadhara jainAcArya paNa saMskRtamAM tevuM kAMI na sUtrAtmaka lakhe te temAM zuM asaMbhAvya che? AvA AvA aneka UThatA praznothI sarvathA nizcaya na thavAne laI thI pasAgarajI upAdhayAya svAtine tatvArthasUtrAdinA kartA tarIke hevAnA viSayamAM saMbhAvanA karatA jaNAya che. A arasAmAM ja Aryabaliha vidyApravAda pUrvathI aMgavidyAtizAstra ane ma. ni. 320 varSa. IndranI AgaLa nigodanuM vyAkhyAna karanAra zrI 2vAmAyAye "prajJApanA" sUtra racyuM hatuM. himavaMta thazavalI kahe che ke, jena mahArAja khAravele vinaMtI karI zrI zramaNalanI pariSad meLavI hatI, temAM thayelI sUcanAnusAra uparokta tatvArthasUtra, aMgavivAdi ane prajJApanAnI naba racanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. dukALamAM avyavasthita thayelA daSTivAdanuM paNa A zramaNusaMdhanI pariSadamAM parasparAnuM saMdhAnathI saMyojana ne saMzoSana karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. dezavalI kahe che ke, jenapravacanane tADapatrAdi para lakhAvavAnuM kArya paNa A samaye thayuM hatuM. . khAravele kaliMgamAM meLavelI uparAta zramaNa saMghanI pariSadamAM jinakalpanI tulanA karanArA Arya mahAgirijInI paraMparAnA pramANe padhAryA hatA, tema Arya suharitanA zi Arya susthita ane Aryasupratibaddha vigere paNa padhAryA hatA. zrIdevagiNi kSamAzamaNa A suvithata-sumatibakanI paraMparAnA che. vartamAna pramANasamudAya paNa prAyaH temanI ja paraMparAne che. zrI. merUtuMgara kahe che ke, "susthita-supratibaddha khAravelanA dharmaguru hatA bahudhA teo kaliMgamAM ja vicAratA hatA. temane svargavAsa ma. ni. 327 mAM thayo hate. khAte temanA dahana karyAnA sthaLe mahAmahenatsavapUrvaka be stupa karAvyA hatA, ke je sthaLa kumaragiri para AveluM hatuM. 229 tapAgacchapaTTAvalImAM (saM. paM. kathA (228) . zrI dharmasAgarajIgaNi sabhA tatvArtharAvanA kartA umAsvAtine, bahu pAchaLanA samayamAM ma. ni. 1191mAM thayelA bIjA udayanA 11mA yupradhAna umAsvAti tarIke nahi mAnatA haze ane bIjA koI umAsvAtinuM astiva temane na jaNAtAM temaNe hArita ravAtine ja mAravAti tarIke lekhI tatvArtha vigere graMthe temanA ja hevAnI saMbhAvanA karI che. umAsvAtinA pitAnuM nAma svAti ane mAtAnuM nAma mA hevAthI temanuM umAsvAti nAma rAkhavAmAM AveluM hatuM. bhASyanI prazastimAM mAtAnuM nAma "vAsI' lakhAyeluM che te parathI lAge che ke, mA" e vAsagotranI hevAthI vAtsI paNa kahevAtI haze. teo pote pitAne kaubhISahiM lakho devAthI temanA pitA svAtinuM gotra paNa athavA te ubhIpaNuM haze. (29) zrI ratuM rinI aMlaga 7 paTTAvalI pasthI ahiM ema paNa kahevAyuM che ke, tema vAjanyakuLanA hatA ane temaNe kamara parvata para surimaMtrane kATi vAra japa karyo hato. emANe ana.

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172 1/ /\ / \/\/\/\/\/ / \ \ / / ra , 1 / 1/////// / / // // / avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vijayajI) susthita-supratibaddhane vargavAsa ma. ni. 339 varSe lakhe che enI sAthe. uparokta ma. ni. 3ra7 mAM temane lakhele (vargavAsa e sapaSTa matabheda che. A matadad samAdhAna karavAnAM sAdhana hu jANatuM nathI. - zrIguNasuMdara pachI ane zrI svAti pachI yugapradhAna tarIke AvanAra zrI zyAmAryA che. valabhI ane mAthurI bane vAcanA temane yugapradhAna tarIke noMdhe che. kahe che ke, teo zrIsvAtinA ziSya hatA. temane yugapradhAnatvakAla ma. ni. 335 thI 376 sudhI 41 varSa pramANe che. ujajayinIthI comAsAmAM pratiSThAnapura cAlyA janAra A AcAryuM che. ni. 298 thI 354 sudhI 16 varSa rAjya karanAra pratiSThAnapuramAM A% rAjA sAtakanA bahathI paMcamInuM vArSikaparva-paryuSaNAparva catuthIe karyuM hatuM, ke je emanAmAM rahelA sarvazreSThatva, sarvamAnya ane viziSTakRtadhAritvane laI sadAne mATe prAmANika banyuM saMpratinA rAjyanI zarUAta thaI te pahelAM jaina zramaNe magaSa, aMga, baMga, kaliga, kAzI-kethala, videha, zUrasena ane avatinA pUrva pradezamAM vizeSatA vicAratA haze ema lAge che, paraMtu saMpratinA rAjakAtamAM jene zramanA vihAranuM vaheNa bhAratanA naiRtya pradezamAM eTale hAlanA maLavA, mevADa, rAjapUtAnA, gujarAta, kAThiyAvADa tarapha paNa vizeSa vanyuM hoya ema spaSTa samajAya che. balamitrabhAnumitranA rAjakAlamAM te e vaheNa uparokta pradezamAM vegathI vahetuM thaI tyAM jaina zramaNanI avanavI zAkhAe phUTavA lAgI hatI. kaliMgamAM ane pazcima avantimAM UbharAtA jena zramaNe A samaye dakSiNApathamAM paNa AgaLa vadhu AgaLa viharI rahyA hatA. A sarvanuM kAraNa zodhatAM anumAna thAya che ke, puSyamitraagnimitrane rAja amale magadha Adi pUrvIya pradezo jaina zramaNonA vihAranA mATe ochAvattA pramANamAM kaMTakamaya banI gayA hatA. khAravelanA mRtyu bAda vizeSa niraMkuza banelA agnimitranA utpAte baudhdhanI jema jainenA mATe paNa bhayaMkara banyA haze e bahu ja saMbhavita che. bhAratanA vAyavya pradezamAM-gAMdhAra, kAja khAdimAM ghaNA lAMbA samayathI jainatva vyApeluM hatuM. azokanA samayamAM tyAM bauddhatve praveza karyo hato. saMzodhake A banene viveka na karI zakavAthI jainatvanI lagabhaga badhI ya bAbate boddhatvanA nAme caDhAvatA rahyA che. enuM pRthakkaraNa thavAnI AvazyakatA che. A viSayamAM koI ekAda be vyakti maMthana kare tenI truTIo tarapha lakSa na rAkhatAM, vadhAre acUka saMzodhana saMzodhakonA vizAla varga taraphathI have pachI thavA pAme e icchanIya che. balamitra-bhAnumitranA samayamAM jema sUrasena jainavathI vyApta hatA. tema gAMdhAra ane kAja paNa jainatvathI vyApelA ja hoya emAM koI zaka nathI zana paNa A parvata upara karyuM hatuM. u vinayavijaya jIgaNI kalpasabelikAmAM lakhe che ke, temano janma yAdImAM thayo hato. kahevAmAM Ave che ke, temaNe kAdImAM ja kerimaMtra jApa karyo hato. kemiMga jApanA sthaLa viSe zrIme2taMgarinI sAthe A spaSTa matAMtara che. A

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 173 zugavaMzano sthApaka puSyamitra ane tene putra agnimitra e bane lazkarI A banA ane dhArmika asarathI jhanunI raMge raMgAyelA heI, temaNe sAmrAjyanI sarva prajA prati samabhAvadaSTie AbAdI karavA tarapha jhAjhuM lakSya rAkhyuM nahi. pariNAme, temanI hayAtI daramIyAna vijayotsava ane dhArmikotsava ujavAyA, paNa temanI hayAtI bAda ekadama nabaLAIe praveza karyo. temaNe vyAkaraNanA bhAkhyakartA tarIke pataMjalIne joyA jANyA, paNa yogazAstranA kartA tarIke pAchaLathI palaTAyelA pataMjalIne joyA jAyA nahi. pAchalA amuka zuM rAjAoe yogI pataMjalIne joyA jANyA paNa teo evA te anItimAna, vilAsI ane avinIta banI gayA hatA ke te RSinI asara temanA para thaI hoya ema jaNAd nathI. maurya rAja kartAo nItimAna, vinIta ane dayALu hatA paNa paraspara savAyavazatAne laI vibhakta thatAM nabaLA paDayA hatA, jyAre zuMgarAjAe vArasAgata arnati, udhatAI ane nirdayatAne laI nabaLA paDI gayA lAge che. koI baLavAna AkramaNakArI sattAe hAtha na ugAmyuM hovAthI agnimitra pachInA zuMgarAjAe amala madhyadezanA amuka pradezamAM lagabhaga 76 varSa sudhI athavA te ochAmAM ochA 68 varSa sudhI cAlyo hato, ema purANanA AdhAre jANavA maLe che. zuMgarAjAone matrIe kaSyavaMzIya brAhmaNa hatA. A kaNvavaMzI mantrIo AjakAlanA vilAsI 'bApu' samA e zRMgarAjAone rAjI rAkhatA haze, ramADatA haze. ane aMdhAdhudhI upajAvI tene dUra karavAnI pitAnI zaktine paricaya batAvI nacAvatA haze ema e rAjAonI purANokta halakI Teve parathI lAge che. A sarvanuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke, zuMgavaMzanA chellA rAjA devabhUtine tenI rAjadhAnI vidizAmAM ja tenA karva mantrI vAsudeve chaLakapaTathI mArI naMkhA ane pite vidizAne rAjA banI beThe. zuMgabhUtya tarIke oLakhAtA A kavaMzamAM vAsudeva suddhAM cAra rAjAo thayA ane teoe 44 ke 45 varSa rAjya karyuM. A vaMzanA chellA rAjA suzarmAne mArI nAkhI Andha rAjA zAlivAhananA matrI zuddhake vinizAne kabaje lIdhe. zuMgabhUnuM rAjya have AdhrabhunA hAthamAM cAlyuM gayuM. purAnA AdhAre zuMgavaMza vadhAremAM vadhAre 120 varSa ane zuMgabhUtyavaMza 44 ke 45 varSa cAlyo manAya che. ma. ni. 304 varSe zuMgavaMzanI zarUAta thaI e hisAbe 304+120=424 varSe zuMgavaMzanI samApti ane 424+44=468 athavA 424+45= 469 varSe zuMgabhUtyavaMzanI samApti Ave. paraMtu A samaya kAMIka vahelo lAge che. zAli. vAhane-hAla rAjAe zakAri vikramAdityanI sAthe ma. ni. 470 varSe narmadA nadInA taTa para bharUca AgaLa yuddha karyuM hatuM. A pachI vikramAditya mRtyu pAmyo ane tenA putra vikramacaritre-nabhAsene tApI nadInI dakSiNane pradeza cheDI daI hAlanI sAthe saMdhi karI. vikramAditya sAthenA yuddhamAM zAlivAhana pakSe zudrake eka mahAna ddhA tarIke khAsa bhAga bhajavyo che. A sarvano vicAra karatAM lAge che ke, A yuddha pachI ja eTale ma. ni. 170 varSa pachI ja zUddha ke vidizAnA zuMgabhUtyavaMzane samApta karyo hoya ane tethI puza

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174 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. nI gaNatarImAM je zuMgarAjAonAM 112 ke 120 varSa lakhavAmAM Ave che te tethI vadhAre hoI zuMgabhune samApti kAla ma. ni. 470 thI ochAmAM ochA be cAra varSa AgaLa laMbA ho joIe. Ama chatAM vikramAditya sAthenA yuddha pahelAM ja zudrake vidizA lakhI lIdhI hoya to te eka judI vAta che ane vadhAre prAmANika paNa che. . keTalAka aMze dhake puNene AdhAre kavarAjA suzamane mAranAranuM nAma "simuki', zizuka ke "prika evuM samajatAM guMcavADAmAM paDI jAya che, kemake tenI mAnyatAmAM, simuka AdhavaMzane sthApaka heI, A samayathI bahu ja pUrve thaI gayeluM manAye hovAthI tenuM A samaye aritatva ghaTI zakatuM nathI. bhinna bhinna graMthAnA ulekhanA samanvayathI vidhi zA-vardhamAna-zobhAvatIne rAjakartA, AdmabhUne mULapuruSa, zAlivAhananA ardhA zapane meLavanAra tene mandI zaika hatuM ema keTalAkoe saMbhAvanA karI, paNa aMte teoe zAlivAhananA A vidvAna ne parAkramI matrI zraddhAne eka karipata ja pAtra mAnI lIdhuM. pariNAme, suzarmAne mAranAra AdmarAjAnuM nAma "Nimuka, zizuka ke "sika" nahi, paNa zako haze ema nathI karI zakAyuM nahi. e zudranA viSe A lekhamAM AgaLa para lakhavAmAM Avaze te parathI spaSTa thaze ke zuMgabhUtya suzarmAne nAza karanAra A AlbamRtya zudraka ja che. have ahiM amuka saMzodhakoe purANanA AdhAre tArelI zuMgarAjAonA ane zuMgabhUtya rAjAonA viSenI noMdha lAIe, ke je parathI temanAM nAma ane rAjasmakAlAzi viSe kAMIka khyAla Ave ane sAthe sAthe emanA anumAdi vigerenI khAddha savAnuM paNa bhAna thAya.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya, bhinna bhinna purANathI zuMgavaMzanA rAjAonI vaMzAvalI ane rAjyavaSe vAyupurANanArsaze bAdakarelI tAravaNI, 175 ane purANanA AdhAre viSNu vAyupurANa purANa rAjyavarka | masyA brahmAMDa purANa 1 purANa. 12 varSI, I112 varSa rAjyavarSe bhAgavata zRMgarAjA | | purANa | 111 varSa h, varSA rAjyavarSa | garAja rA- vA ke 20 varSa matsya pu. 12 na puSamitra puSyamitra, puSyamitrapuSyamitra puSyamitra 17 puSyamitra 6 (6) agnimitra 2 agnimitra | 8 agni Samitra mitra | neputra agni mitra | R. cha vasumita aMdhaka sujoka theSTha basaSTha | cha jayeSTha vasumitra vasumitra | vasumitra | vasumitra vasumitra bhAdraka aka antaka (udraka). puSiA palaka | |pulindA | pulinDaka | pulinda liMka vasa javasu | kavi (?) | lavasu 3Sa dhiSa vAmitra dhAmitra 1djamitra | hAvaja mitra vasumitra [viAmiva (9) bhAgavata bhAgavata | 32 bhAga DarIbhAgavata draka 7 vamitra 9 (9) 7 bhAgavata devabhUti kSamabhUmi | 1davabhUmi || 1davami | divabhUti 10 devabata h25 varSa 14 - 112 parANenA AdhAra para kava zI rAjAonI vaMzAvalI ane badri prakAza 5.76 ] kAvAyana | rAja emanAM rAjyavarSa (uparokta purANe pramANe) y. 88 zrIyuta kezava! amAtya | lAla ha. dhruva. 44 varSa vighaNa vAyupurANarAjya matsyapu- rAjya brahmAMDapu bhAgavata mI, vinsenTa smItha aneka purApurANa varSa | varSe rANa zaMga rAjAone NiAnA AdhAre 45 varSa 45 varSa rAjatvakAla 112 | vAsudeva vAsudeva | 9 pAsudeva | 9 vAsudeva vAsudeva varSa lakhe che. vAsudeva mArA mate- | bhUmimitra bhUmimitra 14 bhUmimitra 14 mimitra mimitra | | mukhya mitra 34 mimitra agnimitra | nArAyaNa nArAyaNa | 12 nArAyaNa 12 tArAyaNa nArAyaNa bAkInA zuM cha8nArAyaNa suzarmA zarmA | 10 suzarmA | 10 suzarmA 'suzarmA zRMgarAjavakAla120 suzamana bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza. kata sA. paM. vizvanAtha re . li. ka. e nAme pustakamAM pR. 70 ema. Ara. e. esa. mI. pAITara.

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avatinuM Adhipatya, nabhAvAna 40 varSa, ma. ni. 354-394 (vi. sa. pU. pa6-16, i, sa, pR. 113-73 ) cAlu jaina saMpradAya, jaina kalagajunanI gAthAenA AdhAre karAtI tenI peAtAnI gaNatarI pramANe mahAvIranirvANu ane vikramarAjyAraMbha e be vaccenuM aMtara A lekhanI gaNatarIthI 60 varSa vadhAre mAnate hevAthI ane A lekhamAM saprati pachInI arAjaka tanuM je 1 varSa manAyuM che tene te na mAnatA heAvAthI, tenI gajunAmAM A AlekhAtA nabhAvAhananA ati ne AdhipatyakAla 59 vaSa' meADo eTale ma. ti. 413 thI 453 sudhI Ave che; jyAre A lekhamAM e samrATane AdhipatyakAla ma. ni. 354 thI 394 sudhI manAyeA che. kAlagaNanAnI gAthAemAM A naeAvAhanane navahuNu' tarIke lakhyA che. himavaMta zaizavalImAM 'gubhAvAhaNu' tarIke lakhAtA tene adyamitra-mAnumitramAMnA khalamitranA putra kahyo che. 23" A sivAya anya jainasAhityamAM tenA viSe kAMi paNa eLakha vigere hakIkata ApavAmAM AvI nathI. tenA lakhe rAjavakAla bahudhA zAntithI pasAra thayA hAya ema lAge che, sivAya ke, kSaDurATa bhramake athavA tenA anugAmI kSaharATa nahupArthe lATapradezamAMnI tenI rAjasattAne hAni paheAMcADI hAya ke teneA nAza karyAM hAya. 192 saAASakee prAcIna samayanA itihAsanA 'zAdhana parathI A naleAvAhananA nAma sAthe ghaNA ja bhrama upajAvyeA che kAI tene kSaturATa 'nahapANu' mAne che, teA koi tene vikramAdityanA putra 'nahaSNu'-nala:sena mAne che; paraMtu kharI vAta e che ke, te nathI nahapANu ke nathI nahuseNu. A rAjAnA pahelAM ujjayinInA adhipati alamitra-bhAnumitra hatA e nakI ja che, teA khamitra-bhAnumitra pachI je kAI gAdIe AvanAra hoya te mAM tA tenA kai rAjya para haka dharAvatA sIdhA ke ADakatarA vArasahAya athavA te te ava'tinuM sAmrAjaya paDAvI lenAra Akamaka hAya. nahupANu ke nahuseNu e bemAMthI eke eTale khamitra-bhAnumitranA sabadhI vArasa ke Akramaka nathI jaNAyeA. sikkAe ane utkINa lekhA parathI e nakI che ke, rATa nahapANa aitihAsika vyakti hoi te anukrame satrapa, mahAsatrapa ane aMte rAjA banyA. che. 231 "bahupAzunI (230) tenaM dunnitti (bIMmatra-bhAnu'matra ) mAyA jhiLadhammAdo vImo thakavannAyitiy ( 354) vAsesu vizkatesu saggaM patte / tayaNaMtaraM balamitsassa putto NabhovAhaNo avatIrajje Thibho / sevi ya NaM jiNadhammANugo vIrAo tisayacaraNabadda ( 394 ) vAsesu kiMte sagaM patto / 45 ' (231) nahAnA jamAi 'usabhaddAta'nA kAle ane nAzciyanA lekhAmAM umrabhAte pAtAne rA)no dAla lIpaNa navAnalajJamAtA fnipusena guNamAlena " AvI rIte oLakhAvye che AmAM nahuSANunI kSatrapa tarIke ja tela lIdhI che, pazu navANunA amaya ame

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 177, jAti kSaharATa hatI" 232 ema lekhemAM utkIrNa thayuM hovAthI te videzI heI, bhAra tanA mauryavaMzIya athavA te matAntare manAtA keI anyavaMzIya balamitra-bhAnumitrane saMbaMdhI vArasadAra na hoI zake, e spaSTa ja che. nahapANa kSaharATe, saMzodhako kahe che tema, saurASTra sameta dakSiNa rAjapUtAnAthI laI yAvat nAzika ane punA jIllA sudhI pradeza kabaje karyo hoya; 233 paraMtu teNe balamitra-bhAnumitra para AkramaNa karI avani-ujjayinIno kabajo karyo hoya evo koI purA nathI. Ama, nahapANa e balamitra-bhAnumitrane saMbaMdhI vArasa ke avati para Akramaka na heya te; "nahapaNa kSaharATanuM nAma nahaha rakhAyuM hatuM,' e jANavAnuM kAMI paNa prAmANika sAdhana na hoya evI sthitimAM, nAhavAhaNane-navAhanane ujayinI para 40 varSane AdhipatyakAla nahapAnA nAme zA AdhAre caDAvI zakAya? vaLI nahapANane ane gaNitalane kAMI paNa saMbaMdha hovAne, athavA te gabhile nahapAnA kabajAmAMthI avanti kevI rIte kheMcAvI ane te tene mAlIka banyo ene, kAMI paNa ItihAsa Aje upalabdha nathI te pachI zA AdhAre kahI zakAya ke gabhila purogAmI kSaharATa nahapAyuM hatuM. vizeSamAM kSaharATa nahapANanI rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa paNa anizcita che. ke tenI rAjadhAnI madhyamikAmAM te kaI mandoramAM kahe che, koI tene juneramAM rahI rAjya karate jaNAve che te vaLI koI tenI rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa ujayinI mAne che. saMzoSakonAM AvAM kathana ane mAnyatAone AdhAre temaNe upajAvelAM manasvI anumAne ja junnaranA lekhamAM "o magrNatara sAminAra anAcaNa vacharatA acakA " AvI rIte ukIrNa karatAM nahapAne mahAkSatrapa ma NA gyo che. nahapAnA potAnA sikkAomAM te pitAne tra hmI lipimAM "jAgo jAtara nagnara ane kharaSTI lipimAM "bane chatara nAvana" AvI rIte lakhatAM rAjA tarIke jaNAve che. (22) ju, TIppaNa 231. (233) mI. smItha Adi saMzAdhanA kathanAnusAra nahapANanA rAjayavistArane Ama saMbhava tarIke svIkAravAnuM kAraNa e che ke -upavAdAta e nahapAno jamAI ane senApati hatA. te dareka lekhamAM nahapAna saMbaMdhI tarIke ja pitAnI eLakha Ape che. A zaka-saradAranI dAnapravRtti nirdiSTa pradezanA nagarAmAM hovAthI e vistRta pradezamAM nahapAnI rAjyasattA hovAnuM anumAna thAya che. usavAte potAnA nAsikanA lekhamAM potAnI dAnapravRttinI je sthaLo prabhAsa, rukaccha, dazapura, govardhana, sopAraka, puSkara ane nadIo vigere ullekhelI che, temAM dazapura (hAlanuM maso) paNa hevAthI nahapANanI rAjyasattA avaMtInA vAyavya sImADAnI lagabhaga hatI ema sAbIta thAya che, paNa tethI tenI rAjasattA AkhA avaMti para sthapAI tenuM rAjanagara ujajayino hatuM ema anumAna karI zakAya nahi, citoDagaDhanI bahu najIkamAM AvelI mAdhyamikAmAM nahapAchu je rAjya karate heAya to tenI rAjyasattA dazapura-mandasara sudhI vistarelI hoya te banavAjoga che, paNa tethI avaMtinA pATanagara ujaminI sudhI teNe rAjyasattA vistArI hatI ema mAnI zakAya nahi.

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178 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. che. saharATa naha5Na sahATa bUmakane koI saMbaMdhI che, ema anumAna karavAmAM Ave che; paraMtu e saMbaMdha pitA-putra tarIke che ke koI anya prakArane che ene nizcaya maLI AvatA koI paNa utkIrNa lekhathI ke anya sAdhanothI thaI zakatuM nathI, 234 te pachI nahapAlu bhUmakanI rAjadhAnI manAtI mAdhyamikAmAM rahI rAjya karatuM hatuM, ema nizcayapUrvaka kevI rIte kahI zakAya? ema kahevAne ke anya khAsa prAmANika purA joIe. evI ja rIte tenI rAjadhAnI mandasara hovAne paNa keI te majabUta purA nathI. "gautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakaNuM ariSTa zakene haNyA ane kSaharATonuM nikaMdana kADhayuM tathA nahapANanA sikkAo para potAnuM maheNuM mAryuM." lekha ane sikkAo parathI tAravAtI AvA prakAranI ardhasatya mAhitI parathI e nakakI thAya che ke ariSTaka nAzika ane punA jillAne pradeza zake pAsethI pAcho meLavyo te pahelAM, tyAM AdhasattA naSTa thaI tenA sthAne nahapANa sahazaTanI rAjasattA pravartatI hatI, paraMtu tethI ema na kahI zakAya ke, nahapAnI rAjadhAnI junera hatI. tenA ayama pradhAne A sthaLe lekha ketarAvyo hato, e parathI paNa eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke, tyAM tenI rAjasattA hatI, nahi ke rAjadhAnI. zaka usabhAta (RSabhadatta) ke jenahapANano jamAI ke banevI athavA te keIkanA mate sALa manAya che, 235 teNe A pradezamAM pitAne rAjavaMza calAvyuM hatuM. june kadAca tenI rAjadhAnI heya, ane e parathI nahapANanI paNa rAjadhAnI junera hatI, ema bramAtmaka anumAna upajAvI kaDhAyuM hoya e banavA jAga che. keI jagAe sikkAo ke lekhAdi maLI Ave te parathI te pradezamAM, e siddhAomAM ke lekhAdamAM ketarAyelA nAmavALA rAjaktanI rAjadhAnInuM kaI nagara kalpI zakAya ke kema, e eka prazna che. temAM paNa vyApArAdi vyavahAranI (234) A anumAna karavAmAM Ave che tenuM kAraNa e che ke, "maka ane naha5Nu e bane kSaharATathI oLakhAtI eka ja jAtinA che, vaLI te bannenA sikkAone sarakhAvavAthI napaNa bhUmaTane uttarAdhiArI hoya ema mAluma paDe che. AvI rIte bhUmakane uttarAdhikArI hatA, nahapANu kadAca, bhUmaka sAthe pitA-putrAdi saMbaMdha na dharAvato hoya to paNa te bhUmAnI rAjadhAnI "majijhamiTa'-madhyamika para lAvI tyAM rahI rAjaya karate hoya e banI zake tema che. Ama chatAM mI. smItha jevA keTalAka saMzodho bhUmaka pachI nANa tarata ja Avyo hato ke nahi te viSe nizcayathI kAMI kahI zakatA nathI, jyAre AcArya zrI Izvasarijha jevA itihAsagna te bhUmAne bahu ja pAchaLanA samayamAM laI jaI zakasama', ekadAmAnA pitAmaha caSTananA pitAmaha tarIke hovAnI mAnyatA dharAve che. prAcIna bhAratavarSanA kartA che. tribhovanadAsa laheracaMda zAha mI. rananA aMgrejI lakhANanA adhiAre usavadAsa ane kSamitranA dAnapatramAM bhUmanuM nAma lakhAyeluM mAnatAM bhUmAne nahapANanA ekadama najIkanA sagA-pitA tarIke mAne che ane teo nahapAne nabhovAhana mAnI uminImAM laI jAya che. bA viSaSamAM mArI mAnyatA e che ke, naha paNa bhUmAko game te rIte uttarAdhikArI hoI tenI rAjadhAnI ujama yinI nahi, paraMtu madhyamikAmAM haze. mArI AvI mAnyatA A lekhamAM thoDuMka AgaLa jatAM A carcAnA aMte darzAvI che. (25) nAzika ane kAle nA lekhamAM te spaSTa rIte A usabhAte pitAne nahapAnA jamAtA -jamAI tarIke ja Alekhyo che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. hRSTie sikakAonI heraphera kaI kaI vakhate vicitra rIte paNa thAya che, e bhUlavuM joIe nahi. khAsa karIne, sikkAnuM nANuM sadhara hAlatamAM hoya tyAre te kahevuM ja zuM. keTalAka nahapANanA sikakAomAM, ujajayinInA sikkAo para hevAnuM manAtuM, "zIkhelI 236 cihna hovAthI tene ujajayinIne rAjakartA mAne che, paraMtu ujajayinImAM rAjaya nahi karatA evA keI keI AdmarAjAonA sikkAo para paNa sIola" jevAmAM Ave che, eTale te cihna parathI A kSaharATa rAjA naDANa ujajayinIne rAjakartA hatA, ema nizcayapUrvaka kahI zakAya nahi. jo ke sAmAnyataH upara karelI, tenI rAjadhAnI kayAM hatI" e viSenI carcA parathI tenI rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa cokkasa rIte kahI zakAya tema nathI, chatAM saMbhava tarIke tenI rAjadhAnI ujajayinI nahi, paraMtu junnara hoya tema lAge che. bhUmakanI hayAtI daramIyAna nahapANa juneramAM rahI e pradezanuM zAsana karato haze; paraMtu bhUmakanA mRtyu bAda teNe juneramAM aSabhadatta zakanI subAgiri rAkhI pite madhyamikAmAM rahI vizAla kSaharATa rAjyanuM zAsana karatA hoya te paNa nA nahi. sikakAomAM ane lekhomAM bhUmaka ane nahapANanA mATe anukrame satrapa bhUmaka ane satrapa mahAsatrapa rAjA nahapANa, ema ApaNane vAMcavA maLe che te parathI spaSTa thAya che ke, bhUsake rAjAne ilkAba dhAraNa karyo nathI, jyAre nahapANe rAjAne IlakAba dhAraNa karyo che. ma. ni. 368 nI lagabhagamAM bhUmakanuM mRtyu thayA pachI te mahAsatrapa banyuM haze ane jyAre pAyathI takSazilAnuM yavanarAjya-bekiTrayana rAjAnuM rAjya jItI levAtAM pArthiyana rAjAnI sattA taLe gAndhAramAM "mAsa-bhoga-majhIjha adhikRta thayo hate (ma. ni. 373), tyAre uparI yavana sattAno saMbaMdha chUTI jatAM teNe svatanna thaI rAjAne IlakAba dhAraNa karyo haze ema lAge che. kharI rIte kahIe te, tenA rAjyAraMbhanI ane zakyAntanI cakkasa sAla te zuM, paraMtu Azaza paDatI ya sAla nakkI karavI muzkela che. * Aje maLI AvatAM sAhityagata sAdhana parathI jANavA maLe che ke, ma. ni. nI cethI sadInAM chellAM dazakAmAM ane pAMcamI sadInA pahelA dazakAmAM anukrame AnartamAM gadaMbila ane bharUcamAM balamitra nAmanA rAjAo rAjya karatA hatA.37 hakIkatamAM samayanI apekSAe 60 varSa AgaLa cAlanAra cAlu jaina saMpradAya uparokta e samayane ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sardInA madhyanI AjubAjunA dazakamAM muke che e eka matAntara che tene na sparzatAM, meM gabhila ane balamitrane mAMDalika rAjatvane samaya darzAvyo che. A lekhanA svIkRta mata pramANe gadaMbhila, AryakhapuTAcArya, balamitra, sarasvatI sAdhvInA bhrAtA kAlakAcArya, vigere ma. ni. nI ceAthI ane pAMcamI sadInA madhyanI AjubAjunA samayanI ja vyaktio che. gabhila ujajayinInI gAdIe AvyA te pahelAnI tenI sthiti (36) saMdha + AvA cihnane siola' tarIke lakhe che. (37) gabhila rAjanA AlekhanamAM A hakIkatanI vizeSa spaSTatA karavAmAM Avaze.

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180 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. viSe jaina sAhityamAMthI kaMI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI, balamitra viSe jANavA maLe che ke, te bharUcana jA hatuM ane kAlakAcAryane bhANeja hatuM.238 A balamitra rAjAnI hayAtImAM AryakhapuTAcArya bharUcamAM vicaryA hatA. 239 AryakAlake potAnI bahena sara svatI sAdhvIne gAmilanA kabajAmAMthI choDAvavA A rAjAnI madada mAgatAM teNe pitAnI azakti batAvI hatI, paraMtu jyAre kAlakAcArya sAhI-zonI madada laIne AvyA tyAre te gardamila sAmenA yuddhamAM zaheranI sAthe joDAye hate. kahe che ke, e joDANanuM kAraNa gaIbhile pahelAM kareluM tenuM apamAna hatuM. 240 upara huM jaNAvI gayuM chuM ke, ujajayinInA rAjya para AvyA pahelAMnI gabilanI sthiti viSe jaina sAhityamAMthI koIpaNa jANavA maLatuM nathI, paraMtu jenetara sAhitya ane paraMparAothI tenA viSe maLatI hakIkate tene Anatane-AnaMdapurane rAjasta jaNAve che. A hakIkatene na mAnavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI. bhUmaka ane nahapANa e harATenuM rAjya pazcima bhAratamAM jAmyuM hatuM tyAre gardamila svatanta rahI zakyuM haze ke kema, e nakI thaI zake tema nathI. kadAca, e parAdhIna banyo hoya te paNa pite ujajayinIne adhipati banyA te pahelAM, teNe gabhI vidyAthI baLavAna banI kSaharATenA tAbAmAMthI TI jaI svataMtratA meLavI haze ema lAge che. tene putra vikramAditya (balamitra) hatuM (28). "vindhyoddhiktaaghaatt-laattdeshllaattikaa| puraM zrIbhRgukacchAkhyamasti revApavitritam // 143". "tatrAsti balamitrAkhyo rAjA valamidA smH| kAlikAcAryajAmeyaH stheyaH zreyadhiyAM nidhiH // 145 " " tathA zrIkAlakAvAryasvanIyaH shrii-yshonidhiH| bhRgukacchapuraM pAti, balamitrAbhidho nRpaH / 308 // " -prabhAvakacatimAM pavitarita 5. 33, 38 (si. je. graMthamAlA ) (239) " bhavAdhvanInabhavyAnAM, santi vishraambhuumyH| tatrAryakhapuTA nAma sUrayo vidyayoditAH // 146 // " -prabhAvaka paritamAM pAdalipta carita pR. 3 (kiM. je. graMthamAlA ) - prabhAvaka rita-vijayasiMharicaritamAM arya khapUTAcAryane samaya vIra niNathI 484 varSalakhe che, te ma. ni. 470 varSe vikrama-rAjayAraMbha mAnanArA cAlu saMpradAyane anusarI temanA svargavAsane che. A lekhamAM svIkArAyelA saMpradAya pramANe te samaya ma ni 424 varSe Ave che. A khaTAcAryane samaya jaNAvatI prabhAvAcaritanI gAthA A pramANe che - __ " zrIvIramuktitaH zata-catuSTaye cturshiitisNyukte| varSANAM samajAyata, zrImAnAcArya khapaTaguruH // 79 // " prabhAvacaritamAM vijayasiMharicarita pR. 43 (si. je. maMthamAlA ) (240) A viSenI spaSTatA gabhilanA ane vikramAdityanA AlekhanamAM karavAmAM Avaze.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 181 ane te vikramAdityano janma khaMbhAtamAM thaye hato, e kahevAtI hakIkata parathI lAge che ke, tene rAjyapradeza khaMbhAtanA pradeza sudhI vistareluM haze. bharUcane pradeza paNa kSaharATa pAsethI mukta karAya che joIe, e hakIkata te tyAM tene putra balamitra zAsana karI rahyo hato e parathI nakI che. gabhilla ane balamitra ke je kAlakAcAryane bhANeja thAya che, temanA vaMzAdinuM jJAna meLavavuM muzkela che, chatAM teo mauryavaMzIya che ema anumAna thAya che. teo kSaharATe ke zake nathI tema, zuMgarAjAone amala lATa ane Anarta sudhI pasaryo na hovAthI teo zuMgavaMzIya paNa hevA saMbhava nathI. chellAM baso varSomAM Anarta ane bharUcanA pradeza para maurya sivAya bIjI koI sattAne rAja amala pravarte nathI tethI * arthapattie ema samajAya che ke, A gabhilla ane balamitra rAjAo ma-azokana vaMzajo hovA joIe. athata; ujajayinIne nabhe vAhana, ane A gahila tathA bala mitra e eka ja vaMzaparaMparAnI vyaktio hatI. teone paraspara sagapaNa saMbaMdha kevI rIte te te viSe gardabhilalanA ane vikramAdityanA AlekhanamAM vizeSa carcA karIzuM. ahIM te eTaluM ja kahevAnuM che ke, e traNamAMthI kaI paNa vyakti videzI nathI ane mauvaMzI nabhe vAhana videzI na hovAthI te ane videzI kSaharATa nahapANa e banne eka nathI. te upara jaNAvyA pramANe, jema kSahazaTa napANa e nahahaNa-navAhana nathI, tema naha-nakasena e paNa nahaahaNa-navAhana nathI. navAhana e balamitrabhAnumitra mAMnA balamitrane putra che, jyAre nahaseNu-nabhasena e zakAri vikramAdityane (galamitrane putra che. balamitrabhAnumitra e vikramAdityanI pahelAM thaI gayelA rAjAo che ane teonuM rAjaya ujajayinImAM hatuM. kadAca, teo zuMga rAjA puSyamitranA samayamAM bharUcamAM rahI rAjya karatA hoya te paNa temAMnA balamitre pitAnuM cAlu nAma badalI "vikramAditya' evuM nAma rAkhyuM hoya, ene kaI purAvo nathI te pachI zakAri vikramAdityanA putra e nAmenane zA AdhAre balamitra-bhAnumitramAMnA balamitrane putra DarAvI zakAya? vaLI naharaha-navAhana ane nahaNa-nakasena e spaSTa judAM ja jaNAtAM nAme eka ja vyaktinAM che, ema kahevAmAM koI jAtane ya AdhAra nathI. jenasAhitya-Avazyaka niryukti vigeremAM "pratiSThAnapuranA zAlivAhane (hAle) bharUcanA dravyathI samRddha rAjA nahavANa ke naravAhaNa para vAraMvAra AkramaNa karI, aMte prapaMcapUrvaka tenuM bharUca laI lIdhuM.": 241 (241) Avazyakaniyukti-TIka pR., A. cU. pR. 200 (uttarabhAga), kalpacUrNi 5. 18. A graMthomAM saMgraha-55Sidhi adhikAramAM " pratiSThAnapuranA balasamRddha sAlavANe, tenA matrInA mAyA-prapaMcathI kAzasamRddha bharUcanA rAjA nahavAhaNa ke naravAhanane koza naSTa thatAM, bharUca lai lIdhuM " e daSTAMta ApyuM che. prabhAvakayaritanA pAdalipta caritamAM A samaye balamitranuM zAsana hatuM ema "tathA ovArA o 308 "thI paNa jANavA maLe che. Ano samanvaya karIe te e artha thAya che ke, nahavAhaNa balamitrane bharUca para nImAyele rAjA-mAMDalika hatA. keTalAke, "nA "

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18ra avaMtinuM Adhipatya. AvI hakIkata jaNAvavAmAM AvI che. bharUcane A navA ke naravAhaNa koNa hato, enI tyAM oLakha ApavAmAM AvI nathI; paraMtu "zAlivAhana sAthenA yuddhamAM ke te pachI a5 ja samayamAM vikramAdityanuM mRtyu thayuM tyArabAda tenA putra nabhasena sAthe zAlivAhane amuka prakAranI saMdhi karI hatI." e jaina sAhityamAM anyatra ullekha maLe che, 242 te parathI nahaseNane-nabhAsenane navANa ke naravAhaNa nAmathI oLakhAvI zakIe; paraMtu nahavA ke naravAhaNa e nAma nahavahana vAhananI jagAe ja vaparAyaluM che, ema te tyAre ja siddha thAya che, jyAre balamitra-bhAnumitramAMne balamitra ane zakAri vikramAditya e bane eka ja vyakti che ema siddha thAya. kharekhara e azakaya che. A sarva vikramAdi. tyanA AlekhanamAM vadhAre spaSTa rIte batAvavAmAM Avaze. Ama uparokta rIte kSaharATa nahapANa ane zakAri vikramAdityane putra nahag -nabhasena, e banethI bhinna siddha thate ujajayinIne adhipati nahavahanovAhana tenA 40 varSanA rAjavaMkAla daramIyAna, zarUAtanAM ane kadAca chelAM varSomAM avanti tathA lATa Adi pradezane ane vacagALAnA varSomAM avantine adhipati rahyo hate. enA rAjyanI uttaramAM prathama yavane ane pachI pArthiyane, pazcimamAM kSaharATe, dakSiNamAM Andho ane pUrvamAM vidizAnA zuMge rAjya karatA hatA. enA samayamAM prAyaH sarvatra dhArmika zakti hatI, jainatvane bahu ja Adara hatuM ane tene bahu bahu pracAra thaI rahyo hate. zuMga sivAya avantinA rAjyanI AjubAjunA sarva jakartAomAM ghaNA kharA jena ja hatA. lahara Te nahavAhaNa ke naravAhana evuM hindI nAma dhAraNa karyuM haze ane te kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja balamitrane mAMDalika haze ema dhe che, paNa A viSayamAM I jAtane purA nathI. balamitrane putra dhanaMjaya bharUcamAM rAjA hatA, jene siddhasena divAkare siddha-senAthI tenA zatruoe karelA humalAmAMthI bacAvyo hato ane je pAchaLathI cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM hatuM, ema prabhAvakayarita-vRddhavAdiri caritAmAM " evaM prabhAvanAM tatra, kRtvA bhRgupuraM yyuH| tatra zrIbalamitrasya, putro rAjA dhnNjyH|| 164 // siddhasena iti zreSThA, tasyAsIt saanvyaa'bhidhaa| sagA tu tA thaiyA tArthe samajhIna II 268 . " 164 thI 168 sudhInA nedhelA thI samajAya che. A parathI nakkI thAya che ke, balamitre prathama pitAnA putra dhanaMjayane bharUcane mAMDalika na hatuM, paNa teNe jayAre cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM tyAre tene bharUca para bIje mAMDalika nImavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thatAM nahahaNane nImyo hate. e nahavaDhaNa kharI rIte tene putra nabhasena ja have joIe, 5NuM nahapA' nahi. siddhasene je zatruothI dhanaMjayane bacAvyA hatA te zatruo, nahapANunA amalamAMthI sarI gayelA bharUcane meLavavA prayatna karanArA athavA sAtakarNiethI uttara tarapha dhakelAI gayelA kSaharATa-zo haze ema lAge che. vadhAre saMbhavita e che ke, e zatruo sAtakarNae-sAtavAhane ja heya. (242) jue zulazIlagaNi, vikamacaritra sarga. 11 ka. 960 thI 1011. ,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 183 paryuSaNa parva paMcamIthI cothamAM parivartaka yugapradhAna zrI zyAmAcArya (kolakAcArya) ma. ni. 376 varSe svargastha thayA bAda zrI zAMDitya yugapradhAnapade AvyA hatA. temane yugapradhAnatvakAla ma. ni. 376 thI 414 sudhI 38 varSa hate. nakkisUtranI sthavirAvalImAM temane Arya chatadhara eTale Arya sUtra ke paraMparAnA dhAraNa karanArA kahyA che. upAdhyAya zrI dharmasAgarajIgaNa svakRta paTTAvalImAM temane jIta maryAdA karanArA kahe che. saMbhava che ke, temaNe paraMparAgata AcAranI kaI cokkasa maryAdA nakkI karI hoya. AvI sAmAnya hakIkatanI neMdha sivAya jaina sAhityamAMthI temanA vize vizeSa jANavA maLatuM nathI. gadaMbhilla 13 varSa, ma. ni. 394-407 (vi. saM. pU. 16-3, i. sapU. 73-60 jena kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM nAhavAhaNa' pachI balinuM rAjya lakhyuM che A gadaMbhilla kayI rIte nabhavAhanane vArasa hatuM, e tyAM lakhAyuM nathI, paraMtu himavaMtatherAvalImAM spaSTa lakhAyuM che ke, "te pachI (navAhana pachI) tene putra gabhIvidyAvALe gaIbhalla rAjA ujajayinImAM rAjya pAmyo." 243 saMzodhakoe navAhanane kSaharATa nahapANa mAnI tene aputrI kahe che ane navAhana tathA gardabhinna e benI vacce ke vaMzAdi saMbaMdha na jaNAyAthI gabhilUnA saMbaMdhamAM teoe aneka prakAranI avanavI kalpanAone Azraya lIdho che. jene sAhitya kahe che ke, "A rAjAnuM nAma "paNa" -darpaNa hatuM, paraMtu teNe gabhIvidyA sAdhI hatI tethI te gadaMbilanA nAme prasiddhine pAmyo hate" enuM gaMdharvasena evuM paNa nAma lekasAhityanI kathAomAM prasiddhine pAmeluM che. A gaMdharvasena nAma zuM mULamAM sAcuM haze ke garlabhasenAmAMthI sudharIne gaMdhavasena thayuM haze? e nAmane "gadharUpa" e paNa apabhraMza thayo che. vaLI gabhilanuM ghurUpa evuM paNa nAma maLe che. A durUpa" paNa tenuM vAstavika nAma che ke darpaNanuM thaI gayeluM rUpAntara che? kadAca, "hurUpa e "gadharUpa'mAMthI saMskArita karyuM hoya te paNa nA nahi. purANamAM A gadaMbilanA vaMzajo gardazillothI ja oLakhAyA che, ethI samajAya che ke, gabhilathI gardabhillavaMza cAlo hAI "gadali@" e nAma purANene paNa suparicita hatuM. sarvane suparicita evA gardabhilla nAmavALe A AlekhAte rAjA ujajayinInI gAdI para Avyo te pahelAM te kayAM rahetuM hatuM, kevI sthitimAM hato ane kayA vaMzano hata, A viSe jevA joIe tevA saMtoSajanaka ane matAntara vagaranA ullekha na maLI zakatA hovAthI, te rAjAnuM jema gabhila evuM nAma nakkI karAya che, tema ujajayinInA (243) "to tarata (vAhanane) kutto dadIvAnI jaraTi Lio gatIno hima. therA pR. 7 (mukita) ja je

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184. avaMtinuM Adhipatya. adhipati banyA pahelAMnI tenI kAMi paNa hakIkata majabUta purAvA pUrvaka nakkI karI zakAtI nathI, ke tene AnartanA AnaMdapurano rAjA kahe che te kaI tene khaMbhAta ke lATanA bharUcane rAjA jaNAve che. "te dhAranA rAjA tAmaliptarSinI kanyA madarekhAne para hate ane zakAri vikramAditya e A madanarekhAne putra hato." ema paNa keTalAka kahe che. zrIbhAzIlagaNi vikamacaritramAM lakhe che ke-"gadaMbila rAjAne dhImatI ane zrImatI nAmanI be rANIo hatI. temAM dhImatIthI bhatRharI ane zrImatIthI sUryavapnasUcita vikramAditya, ema be putra thayA hatA." "ujajayinInI najIka rahelA lakSamIpuranA brAhmaNanI vidhavA putrI bhatRharIne AMgaLIe laI gardazitalanI sAthe punarvivAhathI joDAI hatI" e matAntara paNa zrI zubhAzIlagaNi nedhe che. ( vikramacaritra. sa 1 0 14 thI 31. ) gadaMbhillanA vaMza viSenI vAta paNa anumAna para svAra thaI "tuMvAra" thI "tukhAra" sudhI pahoMcI jAya che. keIeka tene huNavaMzane kahI de che. purANo, daMtakathAo athavA te evA keI AdhAra parathI kahevAtI mina bhinna hakIkate jotAM gardazitalanA sthAna, kuTumba ane vaMza viSe nizcayAtmaka kAMI paNa samajavuM muzkela che. Ama chatAM e hakIkate parathI evuM anumAna thAya che ke, gaEmilla Anartana ja hoI tenA mukhya zahera ANaMdapuramAM rahI rAjya karatA hatA. keTalAke kahe che ke, tenA putra vikramAdityane janma khaMbhAtamAM thayo hato. A parathI khaMbhAta AdapuranA tAbAmAM ja he gabhila khaMbhAtane paNa rAjA kahevAtuM haze. teNe pAcha. LathI bharUca paNa tAbe karI tyAM pitAnA putra vikramAdityane zAsana karavA nImyo hoya ema lAge che. "ujajayinImAM gadaMbilanA Adhipatya samaye bharUcamAM balamitra rAjAnuM ahita. tva hatuM." e jaina graMthemAM ullekha che. tyAM ema paNa kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, "bharUcane A balamitra rAjA gadaMbhidalathI apamAna pAmela hate." jaina sAhityamAM sUcavela gardazitalathI apamAnita balamitra e, gardabhile bharUca para zAsana karavA pitAne putra vikramAditya (balamitra) nImyo hato te sivAya anya koI hevA saMbhava nathI. kAraNa ke, jana graMthamAM balamitrane dhANavA sanA rAjAnI putrIne putra kahyo che, tema lekasAhityanA AdhAre vikramAditya paNa dhArAvAsanuM saMkSipta rUpa je dhAra, tenA rAjAnI putrIne putra kahevAya che. Ane artha e thAya che ke, gadaMbila rAjAne pArAvAsanA-dhAranA rAjAnI putrI ke, je kAlakAcArya ane sarasvatIsAvInI bahena thatI hatI, te paraNAvI hatI tathA gadaMbilanI e rANIthI janmelo putra, balamitra ane vikramAditya e be nAmane dhAraNa karanAro heI, kAlakAcArya ane sarasvatI sAdhvIno bhANeja thate hato. bAkI, ghaNA ya prasaMgomAM itihAsa samayanA pravAhamAM paDI avyasthita thaI jatAM lekhakethI daMtakathAnA AdhAre pAnAM nAma nedhavAmAM paNa avyavasthA thaI heya ema jANavA maLe che, tethI dhArAvAsane rAjA ane tenI putrI vigerenAM nAmamAM matAntara jovAmAM Ave e banavAjoga che evI ja rIte gabilanA kuTumba vigerenA saMbaMdhamAM paNa bahu baha rIte herapheravALA ullekhe maLI AvatA hovAthI sarvathA nizcayAtmaka kAMI paNa kahI zakAya tema nathI,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 185 upara jaNAvyA pramANe, gajillanAM ane tenA kuTumbanAM susa MskRta nAmeA parathI ane tenA vatana tathA lagnAsibadha parathI lAge che ke, te bhAratIya keAI jAtinA rAjavaMzanA puruSa che, nahi ke videzI keAI jAtinA rAjava'zanA. hi. the. te spaSTa zabdemAM lakhe che ke, " gaI bhillu mauya vazIya nabhAvAhananA putra hatA." A naleAvAhana mazeAkanA putra tiSyaguptanA putra khalamitranA putra hatA ema paNa e therAvalI kahI rahI che tethI tenA mate siddha thAya che ke, gabhinna azAkanA vaMzaja ane maurya jAtinA hatA. therAvInI A hakIkatane khIje kayAMyathI samarthana maLatuM nathI ane koIka vakhate lekhakeA pUtra rAjAnA kauTumbika anugAmI rAjAne, te pU'nA rAjAnA putra che ke nahi evI saMzayita sthitimAM, tenA putra tarIke ja lakhatA jaNAyA che. A hakIkata dhyAnamAM laI therAvalInA spaSTa katha nane bAjue rAkhatAM, kadAca, gabhinna nabheAvAhananA putra na hoya ane te tenA kauTumbika saMbaMdhI hAya teA nA nahi azeAkathI athavA tethI paNa pahelAMthI cAlI AvatI rIta mujaba, saMpratinA rAjavakAlamAM mauya rAjakumArA cita vArasAma dha tA vicata nImAyalA tarIke jyAM tyAM sukhAgiri karatA hatA ane te tyAM tyAMnA pradezamAM sAmAnya rIte rAjA tarIke oLakhAtA hatA. e sUkSmAe sa'pratinA rAjya pachI kAi vahelA te koi mADA sAcA ja rAjA manI beThA hatA. Anata dezamAM nImAyeaA kAma rAjakumAra sume paNa svatantra thaI evI ja rIte tyAMnA rAjA banyA hAya ane tenA vAMzaja A Ale. khAtA garda'billa hAya. keTalAkA gai'billane tuSAra ke tuAra vaMzanA kahe che. kauzAmbInA zilAlekhamAM tIvaranuM nAma utkIrNa thayuM che ane ene azeAkanA putra mAnavAmAM Ave che. A tIvaranuM te tuvAra ke tuAra nahi thayuM hoya ane gabhillu e tIvaranA vaMzaja nahi hAya zuM? vaLI gaI billavazanA zarUAtanA rAjAe ga Mdhava sena, vikramasena, nabha:sena, ema senAnta che, tethI kalpanA thAya che ke, saMpratinA rAjyAnta samayanI lagabhaga rAja gRhImAM azAkanA vaMzaja vRSasena gAdIe AvyeA che, e vRSasenanA vaMzaja A gabhiTTa nahi hAya zuM? acekanA putra tIvara ane tIvaranA putra sAbhAgasena tathA seAbhAgasenanA putra vRSasena hAya ane enA vaMzaja gabhinna hAya, AvI pazu kalpanA gabhiTTanI pUrva vaheMzAvalI viSe karI zakAya tema che. paraMtu uparIkta kalpanAone kAi jAtanA majabUta AdhAra maLyA sivAya naeNleAvAhanane aputrIe mAnI teneA vArasadAra tenA koi kauTumbika kalpavA enA karatAM 'gabhillu naleAvAhanane putra hatA' evA himavaMta therAvalInA spaSTa kathanane svIkAravuM e ja vadhAre vAjabI che, pachI bhalene, te kathanane khIjI taraphathI samarthana na pazu maLatuM hAya. A gabhillanA saMbadhamAM kharI vAta e ja hovI ghaTe che ke, nalevAne ujjayinInI gAdI para AvyA pachI lATa ane Anarta Adi pradezanA sUbA tarIke peAtAnA vaDIla putra gabhillune nImyA haze; para Mtu kSadvarATa nahupANunA bharUca para lazkarI dakhAjI thayA bAda gardezita purepurA svatantra na rahI zakace hoya, athavA te AnatanA pradezane ja sAcavI rAkhI tyAM rahetA DAyake jyAM samaya 24

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186 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. vItatAM gabhI vidyAthI balavAna banI teNe bharUca para pharIthI pitAne adhikAra jamAvI tyAM pitAne putra vikramAditya, ke jenuM te vakhate balamitra nAma hatuM, tene zAsana karavA nImyo hoya. A pachI ma. ni. 394 varSe navAhananuM mRtyu thatAM gardaziyala pitAnA pitAnI pAchaLa ujajayinInI gAdI para AvyA tyAre paNa balamitra bharUcamAM zAsana karate hato. A samaya daramiyAna, jyAre gabhile sarasvatI sAdhvI para atyAcAra AraMbhe, tyAre nItiparAyaNa Akhu jIvana gALanAra A balamitre nItine pakSa laI ane temAM ya, khAsa karIne, pitAnI mAzI ane sAvInA saMyamajIvananI dhArmika mahattAne laI teNe potAnA pitA rAjA gadaMbilane virodha karyo hovo joIe, ke jenA pariNAme tene apamAnita thavAne prasaMga Avyo haze ane aMte pitAnA mAmA kAlakAcA sAdhvIne choDAvavA lAvelA zAhi-zakonI sAthe joDAI pitAnI paNa sAme thavAnI tene anivArya pharaja AvI paDI haze. jo ke emAM ya teNe vadhAre paDate bhAga bhajavavAnuM ucita mAnyuM nathI. kemake, chevaTe te te maunI anukaMtha maryAdAne ja vArasa hate. have ApaNe jene sAhityamAM gadaMbilanI je ati prasiddhi thavA pAmelI che tene kAraNane lakhAyela itihAsa tapAsIe. A AlekhAte ujajayinIne adhipati gabhilla gardabhAvidyAthI baliSTa hate. kahe che ke, kaI eka yogI taraphathI tene te vidyA maLI hatI. jene sAhityamAM suprasiddha ane atIva niMdanIya evA, tenA jIvanamAM banelA sAdhvI para atyAcAranA eka prasaMga sivAya bIje kaI nedhAyale niMdanIya prasaMga jANavA maLato nathI tethI te anItimAM ke ne keTalo rA mA haze e ApaNe kahI zakIe nahi. je ke "ujajayinInA anilasuta yuvarAjane yuvarAja putra gardabha karIne hato ane te potAnI bahena "aDaliyA' sAthe kAmarAgAndhathI chupI rIte anAcAra sevata hato"244 evA prakAranA ulekha jaina sAhityamAM maLI Ave che ane e gabha ja A AlekhAte sarasvatI sAdhvInA prasaMgavALe gadalila haze ema kaI taraphathI saMbhAvanA karavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu e saMbhAvanA barAbara-saMgata lAgatI nathI. kAraNa ke, jaina sAhityamAM lakhAtAM "gaddaha" ane "gabhilla" e nAmanA akSaromAM pheraphAra che. kadAca, A pheraphArane ApaNe nacha gaNIe, paraMtu bIje paNa pheraphAra bhinna bhinna prasaMge noMdhAyelA e gabha ane gabhilla rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM rahelo ApaNe vAMcIe chIe. jema ke A garlabhanI pUrve rAjakato tene pitA yava ane tenI pUrve rAjakartA tene pitAmaha anila hato, jyAre ahIM AlekhAtA gardabhilanI pUrve rAja. kartA nava-navAhana ane tenI pUrve rAjakartA balamitra-bhAnumitra hatA. Ama chatAM keIka mahAzaya anilano artha nabhavAhana karI " tene (navAhanane) eka putra rAjA yava ane bIjo putra yuvarAja gardabha hato. yuvarAje lekhAmAM na gaNAya eTale najIve rAjatvakAla (244) mRtya95bhASya ane cUrNi tathA zrI munisuMdarasUrinA upadezaranAkara vigere graMthe.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 187 bhagavI dIkSA lIdhI hovAthI yuvarAja gaDha bane rAjya maLyu. anyatra kahevAmAM AvyuM che tema yavarAjanI nahi, paraMtu anilanI-nabhAvAhananI putrI aDAliyA DhAI, A gardabha rAjA tenI sAthe anAcAramAM paDayA, " AvA abhiprAyavALA yavarAjarSi saMbaMdhI pATha kalpI, gardeza ane gaI zila eka hovAnI saMgati upajAve te te eka judI vAta che; paraMtu tevI pAThakalpanA mATe jo zasrIya majabUta AdhAra na hAya tA te ucita na ja gaNAya. A uparAMta, '* gaI'bhiTTa ( ga Mdha sena ) vidhavA brahmaNInA pitAne dravyathI aAbhAvI e vidhavA brAhmaNIne paraNyA. " evI rIte gabhillunI halakI nIti darzAvavAmAM Ave che; paraMtu temAM keTaluM vajuda che e, darzAvAtI hakIkatamAM matAntara heAvAthI kahI zakIe nahi. bAkI e te nakI che ke, gaI bhilve anItinuM eka evuM apakRtya karI nAkhyuM che ke jethI tenuM nAma jaina sAhityamAM kALA akSare lakhAyaluM Aje paNa ApaNane jyAM tyAM vAMcavA maLe che. kAmAnyatAthI karelA e apakRtya pachI teNe AdarelA haThAgraha spaSTa rIte tenI vicAritA ane nivive'kitA sAmIta kare che. A apakRtyane ane tethI AvelA pariNAmane itihAsa jaina sAhityamAM AvI rIte lakhAyela cheH-- ' dhArAvAsa nagaranA 'vayasiMha' rAjAnI surasuMdarI rANIthI utpanna thayelA 'kAlaka ? nAmanA rAjakumAre zrIguNAkarasUrinA dharmopadeza sAMbhaLI vairAgya jAgatAM mAtapitAnI rajApUrvaka e jainAcAyanI pAse dIkSA aMgIkAra karI. 45 dIkSita thanAra A kAlakane atIva rUpa-lAvaNyavatI sararavatI nAme mahena hatI, teNe paNa cAritra-dIkSA lIdhI hatI. kAlAntare, A kAka ia2 pada pAmI kAlakAcAya thayA. AcAya thayA bAda teo vihAra karatA kayAreka dainiImAM padhAryAM hatA. bhavitavyatAvathAt sarasvatI sAdhvInuM' paNa Agamana A samaye ujayinImAM thayuM. eka vakhate pharavA nIkaLelA gabhillunI draSTi, mahibhUmie gayelA sAdhvIsamudAyanI madhye rahelI sarasvatI sAdhvI para paDI ane te tene jotAM ja kAmAnya banyA. teNe e rUpavatI yuvatIne khaLAhArathI pakaDAvI peAtAnA antaHpuramAM purI rAkhI. A banAvanI tatkAla khabara paDatAM kAlakAcArye ane jainasaghe sAdhvIjIne mukta karavA banatA badhA upAyothI gabhinna rAjAne samajAvye; paraMtu teNe kIrtinI ke nItinI athavA te| anya kaiAi vAtanI darakAra karI nahi. pariNAme, AcArya ane jainasa Mghe karelA prayatnanuM kAMi pazu phLa AvyuM nahi ane Aya sa MskRtinI lAcArI aTakAvavA bhAratanI ni'LatA dekhAvA lAgI tyAre kAlakAcArya, ke jemaNe pahelAM (245) prabhAvacarita-kAlakasUricaritamAM kAlakasUrinA pitAnuM 'vaiddisiM' nAma lakhAyuM che. jinaprabhasUrinA ziSya jinadeva (kharataragacchIya) paNa kAlakakathAmAM vairisiddha lakhe che, paraMtu eka DhAlakakathAmAM vairisiMhane badale vajrasiddha lakhAyaluM che ane temanA gurunuM nAma prabhAvakrayaritakAranA lakhyA pramANe guNAkarasUri nahi paraMtu guNasu Mdarasara lakhavAmAM Ave che. *

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188 avaMtinuM Adhipatya AjavikenI pAse tiSa nimittanuM jJAna meLavyuM hatuM,246 temaNe potAne vihAra sinyanA raste thaI pArasakUla sudhI laMbAve. sindhanadInI pelI pAranA e pradezamAM "sAhi" rAjAo rAjaya karatA hatA. emane adhirAja "sAhAsAhi" tarIke balAte hate. kAlakAcArye sAhi rAjAomAMthI eka sAhine Azraya lIdho ane tene pitAnA tiSa nimittabalathI sAnukUla karyo. evAmAM sahANusAhie potAnA tAbAne 96 sAhione pharamAna karyuM ke, huM tamane je kaTAra mokaluM chuM tenAthI tame tamAruM mastaka chedI nAkho. pratyeka sAhi para juduM juduM pharamAna mekalAyuM hatuM. kAlakAcArya je sAhinA tyAM rahyA hatA tenA paranA pharamAna para 96 ne AMka hatuM, tethI tene samajAyuM ke sarvoparI sarakArano 96 sAhionAM mastaka chedavAne hukama che. eNe A maraNana ApattinI hakIkatathI kAlAcAryane vAkepha karyosaghaLI paristhitine khyAla karI sAhi rAjAone motathI bacAvavA ane je kArya mATe pite ahIM sudhI AvyA hatA te siddha karavA kAlakAcA te sAhine salAha ApI ke, tame sarva AtmaghAta na karatAM mArI sAthe "hiMdugadeza-hiMdamAM cAle. A salAhane anusarI te sAhi ane tenAthI sUcana karAyelA bIjA 95 sAhie zrIkAlakAcAryanI sAthe sidhune pAra karI saurASTramAM AvyA. A samaye comAsu besI javAthI e sAhioe ujayinI tarapha AgaLa na vadhatAM, sauraSTrane kabaje laI tene temaNe 96 vibhAgamAM vaheMcI lIdhuM ane kAlAcArya je sAhinA Azraye rahyA hatA tene saune adhipati nImyA. mAsA daramIyAna teo tyAM ja sthiratA karIne rahyA. kAlakAcArye temane pitAnI vidyAzakita vaDe suvarNAdithI savizeSa zaktimAna banAvyA. jyAre mAruM vItI gayuM tyAre kAlakAcArye saurASTramAM sthita A sarva sAhiene ane lATanA rAjAo tathA bIjA paNa keTalAka rAjAone sAthamAM laI ujajayinI (246) zrI kAlakasUrinA nimittajJAnanA abhyAsa saMbaMdhamAM AvI rIte lakhavAmAM Ave che - " logaNuogo ajjakAlagA / anjaMtevAsiNA ettiuM paDhiuM so na nAo muhutto jattha pavvAvio thiro hojjA teNa nivvepaNa AjIvagANa sagAse nimittaM ptthiyN"| -paMcakalpacUrSi (lekAnayogamAM A kolaka-AryonA aMtevAsIpaNe ATaluM badhuM adhyayana karyA chatAM muhUrta na jANI zakayA ke jemAM dIkSita karAyele rithara thAya. A nivedathI (temaNe) AjIvonI pAse nimittane abhyAsa karyo ) - paMcakalpacUNinA ! A kyanathI siddha thAya che ke, zrI kAlakasUrie AjIvi pAse nimitta (tiSanimitta) bharyuM hatuM ane teo nizIthacUrNikAranA kathana mujaba ujajayinI mAM sarasvatI sAbInI dhaTanA banI te pahelAM "tiniDhiyA'-tiSanimittazAstramAM samartha jJAnI banyA hatA. avinIta ziSyonA parihArane banAva paNa uparokta ghaTanA banyAnI pahelAM A ja kAlakasUrinA hAthe banavA pAmyo hato ema ubhaya cUrNionA kathana parathI sAbIta thAya che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 189 tarapha prayANa karyuM.247 temaNe jaladIthI avantinA pradezamAM pravezI eciMte ujajayinI nagarIne ghero ghAlyo. A pachI kAlakAcAyaeN batAvelI yukti pramANe vatI sAhioe gavizvanI gaI bhIvidyAne vyartha karavA pUrvaka tene harAvyo ane AcAryanA kahevAthI tene jIvate javA dIdhe. ujajayinInI gAdI para mukhya sAhinuM Adhipatya sthapAyuM, ane anya sAhiomAM prAdezika vibhAgonI vaheMcaNI thaI. have avani para gabhillanA sthAne zakarAjAne amala zarU thaye (247) " tAhe lADArAyANo je gaddabhilleNa avamANitA te melleuM aNNe ya tato 3jojo hitA"-nizItha. u0 10 sa 14. bhA. mA. 2848 1 u. mA. 253 . (adhikaraNAdhikAra) "tAhe je gaddabhilleNAvamANiyA lADarAyANo aNNe ya te miliuM samvehiM vi rohiyA - kathAvalI 2, 285 A bane graMthane abhiprAya e che ke, tyAra bAda gabhile je lATa rAjAonuM apamAna karyuM hatuM temane ane bIjAone meLavI te pachI ujajayanIne rodha karyo (kathAvalI kAranA kathanamAM apamAnita rAjAomAM lATa sivAyanA anya rAjAone paNa gaNyA che.) prabhAvaka carita-kAlakaricaritamAM lATanA rAjAone chatI te zA mAlavAnA sImADe pahe ema lakhyuM che. juve, tene pATha - " pacAlalATarASTreza-bhUpAn jitvA'tha sarvataH / rAjA kADhavadhi te, pujArtAviki: / 67 | prabhAvaka carita-kAlakasUri carita. pR. 24. (siM. je. graMthamAlA ) ( Ako artha e thai zake che, zakAe loTanA rAjAone chatI temane made lIdhA hatA.). Ama uparanA ullekhomAM lATanA rAjAone sAthe levAnI hakIkata che, paNa e rAjAonA nAma tyAM ApavAmAM AvyAM nathI. jyAre kAlakakathA balamitra-bhAnumitra nAmanA lATanA rAjAone sAthamAM lIdhAnI vAta kare che. jemake - " DhakkAninAdena kRtaprayANA, nRpA pracelugurulATadezam / taddezanAthau balamitrabhAnu-mitrau gRhItvA'guravantisImAm // " - kolakakathA kathAvalIkA2 5Nu- "sAhippamuharANaehiM cAhisitto DajjeNIe kAlagasUribhANejjo balamitto nAma rAyA, takkaziTThabhAyA bhANumitto nAmAhisitto juvraayaa|" AvI rIte AgaLa jatAM lakhI e lATarAjAo balamitrabhAnumitra heya evuM sUcana karI rahyA che. kAlakathA ane kathAvalInA kartA che balamitra-bhAnumitrane gamileccheda kAlAcAryanA bhANeja ane ujajayinIthI athavA bharUcathI temane-kAlakAcAryane nirvAcana karanAra tarIke samajI Ama lakhI rahyA che, paraMtu vastusthiti AthI judI ja che.

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190 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. gaDhamillane jIvate javA dIdhe" evI hakIkatanA badale "tenuM yuddhamAM mRtyu thayuM hatuM." evI hakIkata paNa sAhityamAM maLI Ave che. "jIvate javA dIdhA pachI te zaLanA rege mRtyu pAmyo athavA te tene vAgha khAI gaye," ema paNa keTalAka lekhake lakhe che. e jAvA ke jarmanImAM cAlyo gayo hato." evI paNa vAta kaI kaI tara phathI karavAmAM Ave che. AmAM je satya hoya te kharuM. bAkI ujajayinInuM rAjya gaI, milanA hAthamAMthI kAlakAcAryo pAraskUlamAMthI lAvelA zakenA hAthamAM gayuM te gardazillanI gadalirAja ujayinI mAM rAjya karato hato tyAre lATamAM je rAja 9 tenuM nAma balamitra hatuM ane te gabhiloka kAlakasUrino bhANeja hato e vAta kharI che, paraMtu te pUrve thaI gayelA balamitra-bhAnumitrathI bhinna che. prabhAvaka caritanA pAdaliptasUri caritamAM ane vRddhavAri caritAmAM enA nAmane traNa vAra ullekha thayeluM che, jemake - (1) Arya khapUTAcArya bharUcamAM hatA tyAre jaina nahi evo (prabandhazanA kathana mujaba bauddha bhakta) balamitra rAjA tyAM rAjaya karato hato ane te kAlakAcAryane bhANeja hato. () pratikAnapuranA rAjA sAlavAhaNe jarUca para halA karavA mAMDayA hatA tyAre tyAM balamitrarAjanI sattA hatI ke je balamitra kAlakAcAryane bhANeja hatA. (3) zrI siddhasena divAre zatruothI bharUcanA rAjA dhanaMjayane bacAvyo hato. e dhanaMjaya balamitrane putra hate. (ahi dhanaMjayane prasaMga hovAthI balamitranI kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja tarI oLakhANa ApI nathI.). Ama traNa vAra tene nAmano ullekha karatAM balamitra' nAma ApyuM che paNa tenI sAthe bhAnamitranA nAmanuM joyANa karyuM nathI. A parathI spaSTa thAya che ke, kAlakAyAne bhANeja balamitra che, nahi ke balamitra-bhanumitra, nizIthacUrNikAra paNa keTalAka AcAryonA mate balamitra-bhAnumitra kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja hoI teo potAnA mAmA" eTale temane mahAna mAdara karatA hatA " ema lakhatA pitAne mata na hovAnuM sUcana karI rahyA che. jemake kAlagAyario viharaMto ujjeNiM gato, tattha vAsAvAsaMtaraM Thito, tattha NagarIe balamitto rAyA tassa kaNiTo bhAyA bhANumitto juvarAyA, tesiM bhagiNI bhANusirI nAmA, tassa putto balamANu nAma, so ya pagitibhadaviNIyayAe sAhu pajjuvAsati, AyariehiM se dhamma kahito paDibuddho pavvAvito ya tehiM ya balamitta-mANumittehiM (ru hiM) kAlagajjo pajjosavite Nivvisato kto| keti AriyA bhaNati-jahA balamitta-mANumittA kAlagAya riyANaM bhAginejjA bhavaMti. mAuletti kAuM mahaMtaM AyaraM kareMti apbhuTTANAdiyaM to purohiyarasa mapattiyaM, bhaNati ya esa muddapAsaMDI vaMtA (?) vitoharo raNo Agato puNo puNo ullAvaMto mAyarieNa NippaTThasirAkaraNo kato, tAhe so purohito Ayariyassa paduTTho rAyANaM aNulomehiM vippariNAhiti, pate sato mahANumAvA, ete jeNa paheNaM gacchaMti teNa paheNaM jati rapaNo gAgacchati tANi vA aSakamati to asIvaM bhavati / tamhA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. sarasvatI sAdhvInA prasaMgavALI anItine laIne gayu, e hakIkata te sarvathA sAcI ja che. evI ja rIte e hakIkata paNa sAcI ja che ke, kAlakAcA lAvelA zake bhAratamAM AvyA pachI videzI na rahyA hatA. teoe sarva rIte Arya saMskRtine apanAvI lIdhI hatI. saMbhavita che ke, kAlakAyArthe teomAMnA, kadAca, sarvane nahi, paraMtu moTA bhAgane jena banAvyA haze. visajjehi. tAhe visjjitaa| aNNe bhaNaMti-ranA uvAraNa visajjitA, kahaM ? sami nagare kila raNNA agesaNA pavatitA tAhe se jiggtaa| tAhe NiggatA / evamAiyANa kAraNANa aNNatamena NiggatA -nizItha sU. 42, 43. u0 10 potAnA bhANeja balabhAnane kAlakAyAye dIkSA ApI tethI kopAyamAna thayelA balamitrabhAnamitre kAlakAyAmane dezanikAla karyA ema lakhatA cUrNikAronA mate kAlakAcArya mAmA na thatAM hovAthI temanI zarama rAkhavA je balamitra-bhAnamitrane prasaMga ja na hato, paraMtu e sagapaNa saMbaMdha mAnanArA AcAryonA mate kAlakAcArya balamitra-bhAnamitranA mAmA thatA hovAthI sneha zarama naDatAM azivA kAraNethI vidAya karavAnuM ke vidAya thavAnuM kahevAmAM Ave che. nizIthacUrNikAra je paraMparAne anusaratA hatA te paraMparAnA AcAryo mAnatA hatA ke, ma. ni. 353 thI 417 sudhI avatinA rAjakartAo bAlamitra-bhAnumitra hatA ke jemaNe nimedavyAkhyAtA dazapUrvadhara yugapradhAna kAlakAcArya (yAmAya)ne ujayinIthI nirvAsana karyuM hatuM ane je te kAlakAcAryanA sagapaNathI saMbaMdhI eTale bhANeja na thatA hata', vaLI teo ema paNa mAnatA hatA ke, ma, ni. 466 varSe gaI milanA rAjyano aMta Avyo tyAre bharUcamAM (lATamI) balamitra rAjAnuM rAjya hata ke jeNe pitAnA mAmA tiSanimittanA balI kAlakAcAryane sarasvatI sAvIne choDAvavA mATe AdarelA prayatnamAM sahAya karI hatI. Ama chatAM jyAre keTalAka AcAryo ema mAnavA lAgyA ke balamitra -bhAnumitra kAlakAcayanA bhANeja eTale ke balamitra-bhAnumitranA mAmA kAlakAcArya hatA, tyAre balamitra -bhAnumitra ane balamitra e bhinna bhinna hatAM chatAM kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja tarIke temanI ektA manAI gaI. eTaluM ja nahi paratu mAmA tarIka yugapradhAna samAya (kAlakAcArya) ane tiSanimittanA balI kAlakAcAya eka thaI jatAM e bannenI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhatI bhinna bhinna samaye banelI ujajazinIthI nisana ane gabhilocodana e be ghaTanAo eka ja kAlakAcAryanA nAme caDhAvA lAgI. "ujajayinIthI nirvAsita thaI pratiSThAnapura gayelA kAlakAcA tyAMnA rAjA zrAvaka sAtavAhananI parAdhana sabaMdhI anakUlatAne laI paryuSaNa parvanuM paMcamInA badale cothamAM parivartana karyuM ane te yugapradhAne kAraNathI parivartana karyuM tethI saMdhane sammata thayuM." nizIya cUrNikArane AvA prakAranA kathanamAM "guircuhArdi wAna jarathI utti" evA spaSTa akSare che te para dhyAna na ApatAM, koNa jANe zA kAraNathI A banAva bano zanimittaDhiA "nA nAme caDhAvavAmAM Ave che. yugapradhAna tarIke kAlAcArya (sAmArya)nuM nAma yugapradhAna paTTAvalIomAM lakhAyuM che, paNa gabhilodaka kAlAcArya eka mahAna AcArya hatA chatAM temanuM nAma yugapradhAna tarIke tyAM lakhAyuM nathI, e kema bhUlI javAya che !

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya upara lakhavAmAM Avyo che te, zrIkAlakAcAryanA samayamAM banelo eka jaina-saMyama jIvana parano atIva asA atyAcAra prasaMga hatuM. jenasaMghathI ja nahi, paraMtu bhAratIya prajAthI paNa e prasaMgane AMkha mIcAmaNa karI nabhAvI ke daragujara karI zakAya nahi. paraMtu sau koI lAcAra! AvI paristhitimAM, te samayanA bhAratIya koI paNa rAjAnI rahe-zaramathI ke bala-parAkramathI na dabAya evA gabhilUthI lUMTAtI jainazAsananI lAja sAcavavA ane sAthI-saMghanA saMyamajIvananI rakSAne eka majabUta dAkhalo pure pADavA, na chUTake, zrIkAlakAcArye AvI paDelI ApattinA viSama prasaMge A5vAdika mAgane Azraya laI pitAnI anivArya pharaja bajAvI hatI, ke jemAM teo saphaLa thayA hatA. temanA A kArya mATe bhAratanI janatA temane jeTalo Adara kare ke dhanyavAda bole teTalo ocho ja che. sAdhvIne choDAvyA bAda kAlakAcArye potAnI tathA e bhaginI sALInI yathAgya zAstrAnusAra zuddhi karI karAvI ane teo sva para kalyANa sAdhatAM potAnA puNyajIvanane vItAvatA vicaratA rahyA. himavaMta zUrAvalI lakhe che ke, "kAlakAcArya sAvIne mukta karyA pachI anukrame bharUca gayA hatA. "248 bharUcamAM A vakhate balamitra -bhAvi vikramAditya rAjA rAjya karate hate; paraMtu e balamitra rAjAe bharUcamAM AvelA kAlakAcAryanuM pitAnA rAjanagaramAMthI nivAsana-nIkALI devAnuM kArya karyuM hoya, ema tharAvalI lakhatI nathI. e 'nivasananI hakIkata sAthe balamitra-mAnamitra ane zyAmAcAryane saMbaMdha che, nahi ke A balamitra ane kalakAcAryane. 249 jaina sAhityamAM kathana karAyuM che ke, zrIkAlakAcAryana zive avinItatAthI vatatA hatA, tethI temaNe e ziSyone jaNAvyA sivAya ujajayinI mAM cheDI daI pite ekalA suvarNabhUmimAM cAlyA gayA hatA, jyAM temanA praziSya "sAgarakhamaNu" hatA. AcAryo e sAgarakhamaNune zratamadanI akartavyatAnuM bhAna eka daSTAntanA pradarzana pUrvaka karAvyuM hatuM. ziSyane choDI cAlyA javAmAM temanI temane vinIta banAvavAnI yukita hatI. temanI e yukita saphaLa paNa thaI hatIziSyane cheDI gayA bAda, jyAre te ziSyoe AcArya kayAM gayA tenI khabara kADhavA mAMDI tyAre, "AcArya kayAre ne kayAM gayA enI paNa khabara ziSyone na heya e temanI kevI rItanI bedarakArI !' vigere rUpa upAlaMbha temane maLatAM, kahe che ke, kAlakAcAryanA pUrve A sarva parathI samajAze , kAlakAcAryanA gaIbhillochedananA kAryamAM madadagAra lATano rAjA temane bhANeja balamitra hato, nahi ke balamitra-bhAnumitra. A balamitre potAnAthI pUrve thai pelA balamitra-bhAnamitramAMnA balamitrathI pitAne vyavaheda karavA bava-vikrama+mitra-Aditya = vikramAditya nAma dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. lekhakoe te balamitra-bhAnumitrane jeDakA tarIke ane balamitrane ekalA nAma tarIke rAkhI bhinnatva batAvavAnA raste la che che. (248) "kAligajjo vi NiyabhaiNi sarassaI AloyaNApuvvaM puNo dikkhiuNa to vidA kumAre ja mAre ghare samAjo " mi. therApR 8. (mudrita ) (249) juo TIpaNuM 247

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 193 avinItatAthI vartatA ziSyA vinItatAthI vartavA lAgyA hatA. kAlakasahitA ' vigere hAla anupaabdha keTalAka granthA. A ja kAlakasUrie banAvyA hatA, ema kahevAmAM Ave che. saMbhava che ke, kAlakAcAya sutra bhUmimAM gayA hatA te pachI gheADA ja samayamAM AjIvikA pAse jyAtiSa nimitta bhaNyA haze ane tyArabAda amuka samaye sarasvatI sAdhvIvALA prasaMga banyA haze. emanI grantharacanAnA samaya sAdhvIne gabhillunA kakhajAmAMthI mukta karyAM pachInA athavA teA kadAca, tenI AjubAjunA pazu hAI zake. A kAlakAcArya'nI hayAtI ma. ni. nI cAthI sadInA ceAthA caraNamAM ane pAMcamI sadInA pUrvAdhamAM hatI. emaNe ma. ni. 407 mAM sarasvatI sAdhvIne cheADAvI hatI. ' pa'cavastuka ' nAme granthamAM sarasvatIne cheDAvavAnA samaya ma. ni. 453 lakhavAmAM AvyeA che ane cAlu jaina soMpradAya pramANe e samaya ma. ni. 466 Ave che. A bannenI sAthe sAdhvIne gheTAvavAnA uparokta ma. ni. 407nA samayanA meLa maLatA nathI. kharekha, emeLa na ja maLe, kAraNa ke, A lekhanI gaNatarImAM vikramAdityanA rAjyArabha, cAlu jaina sa`pradAya mAne che tema ma. ni. 470 varSe nahi; paraMtu ma. ni. 410 varSe manAye che; ane tethI cAlu jaina saMpradAyanI sAthe, himavata Adi AcAryAM je saMpradAyane anusaryAM che te saMpradAyanA kAlagaNanAmAM 60 varSa kraDha rahevAnA ja. A hetuthI ja ahiM sarasvatI sAdhvIne cheDAvavAnA samaya ma. ni. 466 nA male ma. ni. 406 nA ja rUkhavAnA hoya. kAraNa ke, A lekhanI gaNatarI e himavata AcArcIne sakhkhata saMpradAyane anusaranArI che. me' ma. ni. 406 nA badale ma. ni. 407 mAM sAdhvIne cheDAvavAnu` upara lakhyuM che, te te himavatatherAvalI saMpratinA rAjyAnta pachI arAjakatAnuM 1 varSa noMdhe che tene gaNatarImAM levAnA kAraNe lakhyuM che. mAkI, pacavastumAM je . ni. 453 mAM sarasvatI sAdhvIne cheDAvavAnu' lakhavAmAM AvyuM che, te te kayI rIte ghaTI zake che, e samajAvI zakate nathI. cAlu jaina saMpradAyanA kathana pramANe ma. ni. 453 mAM zrIkAlakAcAryanI AcAya padavI thaI haya ema teA zuM nahi hoya ? ane pacavastukAre bhrAntithI AcAya padavInA samayane, sAdhvIne gheADAvavAneA samaya zuM mAnI lIdheA haze ? jo ema ja hAya te| A lekhanA dheAraNe ema siddha thAya che ke, ma. ni. 393 mAM zrIkAlakAcAya nI AcArya padavI thai hatI. A viSayamAM vizeSa khulAseA bahuzruta pAse karavAne rahyo. te je kahe te ja satya. C zake| sAthenA yuddha pachI gabhiTTa ane tenA putrAnI hakIkata viSe bhinnabhinna mata pravarte che; para Mtu bahumatie eTaluM siddha che ke, gaI bhillune vikramAditya nAme putra hatA ane te pitAnA rAjyabhraSTa ke mRtyu thayA pachI tarata ja ke thADA samaya vItyA bAda Andhra rAjyamAM cAlyA gayA hatA. peAtAnA bApukA rAyane pAchuM meLavavA te takanI rAha jotA jechatAM sAdhanAnA sa Mcaya karavA puruSAtha sevI rahyo hateA, ke jethI pAte ujjayinInA adhipati banelA zake sAme saMpUrNa saphaLa thai zake. enA bhAgyayeAge ene saphaLa banAvyA paNa che, ke je enA AlekhanamAM AAlekhavAmAM Avaze. paraMtu A pahelAM zaka rAjA viSe saMkSepamAM kAMika lakhIe, 25

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194 avaMtinuM Adhipatya zaka (sAhi) 3 varSa, ma. ni. 407-410 (vi. saM. 5, 3-. Isa. pU. 60-17) jaina sAhityamAM jyAM tyAM gamila pachI ujajayinImAM zekenuM rAjaya-zakarAjAnuM Adhipatya hovAno ullekha maLI Ave che, paraMtu zrImaddezvarasUrijI pitAnA "kahAvalI" granthamAM judI ja rIte-AvA prakAranuM lakhe che: "sAhi pramukha rANAoe ujayinI para kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja balamitrane rAjA tarIke ane tenA laghu bhrAtA bhAnumitrane yuva ja tarIke abhiSeka karyo.25deg ke jANe zA AdhAre kahAvalIkAra A matAntara lakhI rahyA che ! balamitrabhAnumitra e be bhAIomAMne tibaguptane putra balamitra ane kAlakAcAryane sAdhvIne mukta karAvavAnA prasaMgamAM madadagAra temane bhANe ja balamitra, e bane bhinna che ane temanI hayAtIno samaya paNa bhinna che; vaLI kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja balamitre ujajayinInA adhipati banelA zakarAjAne harAvI ujajayinI para Adhi patya meLavyuM ane te samayathI 56 varSa pUrve thaI gayelA ujajayinInA adhipati balamitrabhAnumitramAMnA anya balamitranA nAmanI sAthe pitAnA nAmanI ekatA thaI jaI brAnti na thAya mATe teNe "vikramAditya' nAma dhAraNa karyuM hatuM. basa, A vastusthitine ukela na thavAthI "kahAvalI" kAranuM uparokta matAntaravALuM kathana alpamatimAM AvI paDayuM che. mane lAge che ke, e kathana brAnta che, ane tethI tenA para AdhAra rAkhI zakAya nahi. zrIkAlakAcAryane pArasakUlamAM AzrayadAtA zaka sAhi gabhillanA parAjaya bAda ujajayinIne adhipati thayuM hatuM. himavaMta gherAvalI kahe che ke, e sAhinuM nAma sAmata hatuM, paraMtu mane lAge che ke, "sAmata" e sAhinuM vizeSa nAma na hatAM "sAhi" zabdanuM ja bhAratIya rUpAntara che. hi. the. pramANe A zaka rAjAnuM rAjya ujjayinImAM 3 varSa rahyuM hatuM, paraMtu kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM tenuM rAjya 3 varSanA badale 4 varSa lakhAyuM che. hi. therAvalI saMpatinA pAyAnta pachInI arAjakatAnuM 1 varSa pitAnI gaNatarImAM vadhAre mAnatI hoI, tenA mate balamitra-bhAnumitra, novAhana, gajilla ane zaka, e rAjAone rAjyAraMbha ane zaka sivAyanA e rAjAono rAjyAnta eka varSamAM AgaLa dhakelAtuM hatuMane tethI hi. che. nI tathA kA. ga. gA. nI, arAjakatA tathA vikramAditya vaccenA rAjAonA rAjayAraMbha tathA rAjyAnta saMbaMdhI nedhamAM, je 60 varSanA badale 59 varSanuM aMtara paDatuM hatuM, te have hi. the. nA mate zakanAM 4 varSanA badale 3 varSa manAtAM aTakI jaI, vikramarAjyArabhe pUrvanI jema barAbara 60 varSanuM ja paDaze. (250) jue TIpaNa 247mAM kathAvalIne ullekha

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 195 ujajayinInA adhipati zakarAjAnA rAjatvakAlamAM prajAnA hita tarapha puratuM lakSya apAtuM hatuM, e abhiprAya vyavahArani eka ullekha parathI nIkaLe che. e ullekha AvA prakAra che - " AryakAlaka zakone lAvyA hatA. temane zaka rAjA rAjadhAnI ujjayinImAM rAjya karatA hatA. te rAjAne, " jAtie amArA sakhe che." ema mAnatA tenA sabatIe barAbara sevatA na hatA. AthI rAjAe temane AjIvikA devAnuM baMdha karatAM teo cArI vigere kamavA lAgyA hatA. A vAta jANIne ghaNuM lokee rAjAne vinavyuM. zAka rAjAe teone dezanikAla karatAM teo bIjA rAjAnI sevAmAM hAjara thayA."251 vyavahAracarNinA uparokta ullekha parathI spaSTa samajAya che ke, ujajayinI para sthApana thayela zaka rAjA prajAnI bahumatine sAMbhaLatuM hatuM ane temanI raMjADane dUra karavA tAbaDatoba pagalAM lete hate, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu prajAnA kalyANa khAtara pitAnA jAtIyAo tarapha paNa AMkhamIMcAmaNa karanAre ke mIThI najarathI dAbaDIma karanAra na hate. alabatta, AthI zakasattAnI tAkAdane hAnI pahoMcI haze, paraMtu e rAjAe aniSTata thI e tAkAtane sAcavI rAkhavAnuM ucita mAnyuM nahi hoya. eNe prajA taraphanI pitAnI pharajane ja mahatva ApI AgaLa karI che. AthI samajAze ke, A zaka rAjA ujayinInA Adhipatya para jhAjhuM Tako nathI tenuM kAraNa, jainetara sAhityamAM kahevAyuM che tema tenI duSTatA Adi nathI, paraMtu vikramAdityanI bApukuM rAjya levAnI bhAvanA ja mAtra che. kAlakAcAryo lAvelA zonI jAti, mULavatana, vasAhata, sAmaMtasAhI, vigerathI laI yAvat ujajayinI mAM temanI rAjasattAne nAza, e sarvane vistRta itihAsa ahIM Apa muzkela che. ene je joIe tevo prAmANika ItihAsa maLato nathI. Ama chatAM saMzodhakoe Aja sudhI bhAre parizrama karI A zake viSe je kAMI lakhyuM che temAMthI meM paNa digdarzana tarIke keTalIka beMdha, "jana satyaprakAza" nAmanA mAsikamAM varSa 11, aMka 7 pR. 199 thI 211-mAM "AryakAlakanA sahAyaka zaka sAhio" e mathALAvALA lekhamAM lIdhI che. jijJAsuone e lekha vAMcI javA bhalAmaNa karuM chuM. zaka rAjAe 3 varSa ujajayinI para Adhipatya bhogavyuM, e samaya daramIyAna gardabhillanA putra balamitra-vikramAditya hAtha joDI besI na rahyo hato. teNe badhI taiyArI karI lIdhI ane pachI A% rAjA megharavAtinI-hIpi (sAtakaraNe pumAvI-meghasvAmI) (251) "kaLI jAda carA carAjADhavA gALatA to sArA koLI rAyahANIe tassaMgaNijagA' amhaM jAtIe sariso' tti kAuM gamveNaM taM rAyaM Na suTTa sevNti| rAyA tesiM vitti Na deti / avittIyA teNaM ADhattaM kAuM ta NAuM bahujaNeNa viNNavieNa te NivivasatA katA, te aNNa rAyaM mIlaggaNaTThA uvgtaa| - vyavahAracUrNi u0 10 *

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196 avaMtinuM Adhipatya nI madada meLavI te eka moTA lazkara sAthe mAlavAnI bhUmi para caDhI Avyo ane teNe ujajayinI mAMnI zaka rAjasattAne ukheDI nAkhI tathA pite ujajayinIne avaMtine adhipati banyA. Ama trIjIvAra avaMti para mauryavaMzanuM tenA peTAvaMza rUpa gadaMbhilonuM Adhipatya sthapAyuM. have ApaNe temanA e Adhipatyane AlekhIe. mairyavaMza (tatIya vibhAga) 135 varSa, ma. ni. 410-145 (vi. saM. 0-135, I. sa. pU. 57-I. sa. 78) mauryavaMzIya navAhananA putra rAjA gabhilanI pachI avantimAM-ujajayinImAM ekavAra pharIthI eTale trIjIvAra maunuM Adhipatya sthapAyuM hatuM, evuM sUcana pUrve thaI gayuM che. A mau-maurya rAjAo gardabhilanA vaMzaja hevAthI gabhila tarIke ja oLakhAya che. temanI saMkhyA 5 nI che. jemake -(1) vikramAditya ( balamitra ke vikamasena (2) dharmAdiya (vikramacaritra ke nasena ), (3) bhAIla, (4) nAIla, (5) nAhaDa gardabhilanA A pAMca vaMzajonI sAthe tenuM potAnuM nAma UmerIe te badhA maLIne 6 gadaMbhila rAjAo thAya, paraMtu purANe gardabhila ane vikramAdityanA vacagALe ujajayinI para AvelA zakarAjAne paNa gaebhilenI aMdara gaNI temanI saMkhyA 7nI nedhe che. tyAM emane samuccaya rAjatvakAla 72 varSa neMdhavAmAM Ave che; paraMtu tenI spaSTatA karAyelI na hovAthI bahu ja ochAM lAgatAM e 72 varSa kayI gaNatarIthI seMdhAyAM che ene khulAso tyAMthI maLatA nathI. A lekhamAM karAyelI gaNatarI, ke je zrImerUtuMgasUrinA kathanane anusaratI che, te mujaba A 6 gabhilone samuccaya rAjatvakAla 148 varSa thAya che, ane je temAM zakane 4 varSa rAjatvakAla UmerIe to te badhuM maLI 15ra varSa thAya.para "tiththaggAlI patraya" nI gAthAo "jamAM puna' e gAthAcaraNathI gardanAM 100 varSa nedhe che. e neMdha pramANe ma. ni. thI 553 varSe gardabhilene rAjyAnta ne zaka rAjAnI utpatti AvI paDe che te tarapha dhyAna na ApatAM AgaLanI gAthAthI zaka rAjanI utpattine samaya ma. ni. thI 605 varSa ane upara 5 mAsa vItatAM neMdhe che. 253 tyAM gadaMbhilenA nAme 15ra varSa lakhavAM joIe tenA badale 100 varSa lakhavAthI pariNAme, kAlagaNanAmAM 60 + 155 + 108+30 + 60 + 40 + 15ra = 605 varSanA badale (2para) ju, TI. ne 144 tathA metuMgIva vicAraNi patra(253) tiththagAlI paInayanI e gAthAo A pramANe che: 108 30 pAlagaraNNo saTThI, paNapaNNasayaM viyANi nNdaannN| muriyANaM aTThasayaM, tIsaM puNa pUsamittANaM (23) dara mAjumA, DhA vAva haoNnilaMge malakAM kuLa, parivano to 60 155 60 40 - 100

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 197 60+155 + 108+30 + 60 + 40 + 100 = 553 varSe zaka rAjAnI utpattine samaya AvI paDe che. A virodha rUpa Apattine laI samajAya che ke, "damalAmAM guna' e caraNa game te saMjogomAM anucita rIte rUpAntara pAmyuM che. 15ra varSane jaNAvate pAThAntara anya keIthaLe jovA na maLe tyAM sudhI kevaLa kalpanAmAtrathI uparokta 100 varSane jaNAvatA pAThane sudhAravAnI dhRSTatA te kaI bhAgye ja karI zake. cAlu jaina saMpradAya gaIbhilenAM zaka rAjA sahita 152 varSa nedhe che ane tenI gaNatarI pramANe ma. ni. 605 varSe gadabhilono rAjyAnta tathA zaka rAjAnI uptatti, e barAbara baMdhabesatI Ave che. paraMtu e gaNatarI ane A lekhanI gaNatarImAM 60 varSanuM aMtara hovAthI-A lekhanI gaNatarImAM 60 varSa ochAM hovAthI gardabhilene rAjyAnta ma. ni. 545 varSe Avato hoI, ma. ni. 605 varSe utpanna thanArA zaka rAjAnA samaya karatAM 60 varSa vahelo Ave che. A lekhanI mAnyatA che ke, gajillAnA rAjyAnta pachInAM ane zaka rAjAnI utpatti pahelAMnAM vacagALAnAM 60 varSa daramIyAna ujajayinI mAM AdmavaMzIyenuM Adhipatya hatuM. e Adhipatya, ma. ni. 605 varSe utpanna-anya sthaLathI AvI avanti para vijaya meLavavA pUrvaka Adhipatya sthApanAra, caTTananA pautra zaka rudradAmAnA hAthamAM cAlyuM gayuM hatuM vigere hakIkata AgaLa para kahevAze. ahiM te gaIbhillAne ja uddezI kahevAnuM hovAthI te aprAsaMgika che. have ApaNe jenuM astitva ja vivAdagrasta banI gayuM che evA gabhillanA putra vikramAditya (balamitra)nuM Alekhana karIe. sago rAyA // 622 // paMca ya mAsA paMcaya, vAsA chacceva hoMti vaassyaa| parinimvuarasari dato, to 3no (vAvano ) va AthA darA pAlaka 60 varSa, naMda 155 varSa, mauryo 108 varSa, puSyamitro (puSyamitra) 30 varSa, balamitra -bhAnumitra 60 varSa, nasena 40 varSa, gardabhe 100 varSa, ema sarve 60+15+108+38+60 +4+100= 553 varSa thAya che. "vaMja ' gAthAmAM zakatpattikAla lakhavA mAM Ave che te game pachI tarata ja ghaTI zakato nathI, kemake gada ne aMta ma ni. 553 varSe Ave che jyAre sikotpatti vI. nirvANathI 605 varSe lakhAya che. gabhilonA je 15ra varSa mAnavAmAM Ave to barAbara ma, ni. 605 vaSe rabhilone rAjyAMta cAvatAM meLa maLI jAya che. mauryonAM 108 varSa ochI jaNAya che te to nandonAM 155 nA badale 95 varSa mAnatAM ochI nahi ja jaNAya, ane tethI jeo nAnA vadhAre manAtAM 60 varSa mauryomAM na nAkhatAM garda ilona je 52 varSa pachI lakhAyAM che te 52 varSa mauryomAM nAkhI, mauna ochAM paDatAM varSomAM ThIkaThAka kare che te barAbara heya ema, zrImetuMgarinA kathananuM paryAlacana karatA, mane te lAgatuM ,thI. "tA 1damAsTa , sepha vAse rajadaha caDA" A pAThanI hakIkata prAmANika ane jaina paraMparAmAM suprasiddha che, ene choDI daI "naddamaNathai puna' ema mane 100 varSa rAjakAla jaNAvatI hakIkatavALo pATha kevI rIte goThavAyo haze tathA "vatta 1 ti nahaLe," e caraNamAM "nava'ne sthAne "no ' kayI rIte banI gayuM haze, A viSayamAM ApaNe sAva aMdhArAmAM hovAthI kAMI paNa manaravI kalpanA karI zakIe tema nathI.

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198 avaMtinuM Adhipatya vikramAditya (balamitra-vikramasena) 60 varSa. ma. ni. 410-470 (vi. saM. 0-60, I. sa. pU. pa7-Isa. 3), Aje bhAratamAM pravartamAna-cAlatA saMvatsaramAM sauthI vadhAre vyApaka ane mukhya saMvatsara mahArAjA vikramAdityane che. enA saMvatsarane saMvata-TUMkAmAM saM.-tarIke bahudhA lakhavAmAM Ave che ane tenI sAthe "vikrama" nAma-kuMkAmAM vi. joDavAmAM Ave che. atyAre, eTale ke, A lakhI rahyo chuM tyAre e saMvatanAM 2003 varSa vItI cukayAM che ane 2004 muM varSa cAlI rahyuM che. jenI sAthe zAlivAhananuM nAma joDAyeluM Aje maLI Ave che, te rudradAmA vigere zakarAjAethI upayoga karAya zaka canane zAka saMvatsara uparokta vikrama saMvata pachIthI pravartela heI, temanI bannenI vacce Azare 135 varSanuM aMtara che. jIsasa krAIsTanA nAme cAlela IsavI sana saMvatsara paNa vikama saMvatanI pachI Azare 56 varSa bAda ja zarU thayelo che, ke je saMvatane keTalAMka varSothI Aja sudhI bhAratavarSa pitAnI gulAmInA eka cihna tarIke rItasara nabhAvI rahyuM hatuM ane haju ya jenI asara cAlu ja che. A IsavIsananA jevA ja dhArmika ane videzI evA bIjA paNa be saMvatsaro-muslImone "hijarI" ane pArasIone "yajhadejharadI' paNa Aje amuka maryAdAmAM pracalita che. tevI ja rIte, mahAvIra nirvANune saMvatsara paNa jene mAM Aje 15rAI rahyo che. A sivAya jenI pravRtti AjakAla ghaNI ja ochI jovAmAM Ave che athavA te jenI pravRtti bIlakula jovAmAM AvatI nathI evA paNa keTalAka saMvatsare bhAratamAM pravaryA che. uparokta badhA saMvatsare, keIna keI vyaktinA aMge banelI mahatvanI ghaTanAthI te vyaktinA nAme athavA tenA kAryanA nAme oLakhAya che. saMzodhako e vyakti viSe ke enA kArya viSe bhAgye ja zaMkA uThAve che; parantu AzcaryanI vAta che ke, vikramanI vIsamI sadInA gaSake, jene saMvata Aje ativyApakapaNe cAlI rahyo che ane bhAratavarSe jenA viSenI aneka avanavI paraMparA sAcavI rAkhI che, te puNyaleka vikramanA saMvata calAvavAmAM ja nahi, balka tenA te samaye eTale ke AjathI 2004 varSa pUrve astitva havAmAM ja zaMkA uThAvI rahyA che. "jana satyaprakAzano vikramavizeSAMka-kramAMka 100 mAM e zaMkA adhurA avalokananA pariNAme jAgelI che ema darzAvavA, te aMkanA mahAnubhAva lekhake e yathAzakya ThIka ThIka prayatna karyo che. meM paNa temAM kiMcita-a nI apekSAe nahivat jevuM ane Aje mArA hAlanA vicAre pramANe dUSita jaNAtu-lakhyuM hatuM. hAla cAlI rahelA vikrama saMvatanI zarUAtanAM varSomAM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 19 vikramAdityanuM astitva jaNAvavA e vikramavizeSAMkanA keI kaI mahatvanA muddAone huM ahiM sAbhAra neMdhu chuM ane enI sAthe mAruM hAlanuM saMzodhana paNa raju karuM chuM. jaNAtattara-gAthAsaptazatI nAmane eka subhASita saMgraha rUpa grantha che. e granthanA antamAM tenA kartAe, "kuMtalarAja paThaNapati dvIpikaNanA putra malayAvatInA pati zatakaNuM ane "hAla' upanAmavALA sAtavAhana" AvI rIte pitAne paricaya Apo che. 254 "mI. vinsenTa smIthe "hAla" tarIke oLakhAvAtA e rAjAne I. sa. 68 ke I. sa. 108 mAM muke che" ema keI keIe "ali hisTarI oNpha InDiyAnA nAme TIppaNa karyuM che. De. tribhuvanadAsa la. zAha e rAjAne I. sa. pU. 40 thI I. sa. 15 sudhImAM muke che. kahe che ke, "hAla" rAjA "bRhatkathAnA kartA guNADhayA mahAkavine samakAlIna hato, mI. vebara bRhatkathAne IsunI bIjI sadInI mAne che. A lekhanI gaNatarI pramANe AArAjA ariSTa pachI gAdI para AvelA dvIpanA putra A hAla (zAlivAhana)ne samaya ma. ni. 445 thI 517-I. sa. pU. 22 nI lagabhagathI I. sa. 50 sudhI Ave che. prAyaH keI paNa mAnyatAe hAla rAjA I. sa. nI bIjI sadInA pUrvArdhanI pacho nahi, paraMtu pahelAM ja thayo che e te nakI ja che. uparokta rIte IsunI bIjI sadInA madhyathI pUrve thaI gayelA manAtA hAla rAjAnI racelI "gAthAsaptazatI'nA pAMcamA zatakanI 64 mI gAthAmAM vizvanA datta'-vikramAdityane ane teNe ApelA lAkha dravyanA dAnane ullekha che, te gAthA A pramANe che - "saMvAhaNasuharasatosipaNa deteNa tuha kare lakkhaM / calaNeNa vikkamAiccacariaM aNusikkhiyaM tissA255 // 64 // (254) zrImeUgari prabandhaciMtAmaNI mAM sAtavAhana prabaMdhamAM sAtavAhanane sAtaso gAyA pramANu sAtavAhana nAmanA saMgrahagAthAkezanA zAstrakartA tarIke ulekhe che. jene sAhityamAM anyatra nedhAyelo mInahAsAdi hakIkata parathI ahi lakhAyelo sAtavAhana e zAlivAhana (hAla) ja che mahAkavi bANe harSacaritra * 10mAM sAtavAhananA subhASita kezanI prazaMsA karI che te A gAthAsaptazatI | saMgrahagAthAkezanI ja che. A graMthamAM rAdhAkRSNa (1-89) ane maMgaLavAra (3-61)no ullekha thayelo che. rAvakone halakha 5 cata trama ane vArane ulekha i. sa. 484nA dudhaguptanA eraNavALA lekhamAM ane kahanA aMdhau gAmathI maLelA kSatrapa rudradAmAnA saM. 5ra pha. va. 2 nA lekhamAM (guruvAra) thayela hovAthI rAdhAkRSNa ane vAranI mAnyatA IsunI bIjI sadInI pUrve paNa hevAthI, A graMtha rAdhAkaNa ane vAranI mAnyatA arvAcIna hoI arvAcIna che ema kahI zakAya nahi. AdmavaMza IsinI trIjI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM samApta thayela heI zAlivAhana tethI lagabhaga paNa be saikAothI pUrve thaI gaye hate. (255) "pagacaMpInA sukhathI saMtuSTa, teNInA caraNe tArA hAthamAM lakSa (lAkSArasa-lAkhadravya) detAM "vikramAditya'nuM caritra zIkhyuM-vikramAdityanA AcaraNanuM anukaraNa karyuM." (saMbAnagAi ne bhAvArtha)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya A gAthAmAM karAyelA mahAdAnI vikamAdityanA ullekha parathI e spaSTa samajAya che ke, IsunI bIjI sadInA madhyathI pUrve thayelA hAla rAjAthI pahelAM thaI gayele vika mAditya rAjA che, paraMtu pachIthI nahi. ane jo ema ja che te, IsunI bIjI sadI pachI thayelA, je rAjAoe "vikramAditya" tarIke pitAno ullekha karyo che, te temanuM mukhya nAma nathI, paraMtu temanI pUrve thaI gayelA keI guNaviziSTa manAyelA vikramAdityanI anukaraNa rUpe dhAraNa karelI upAdhi ja che. e rAjAoe "vikramAditya" e upAdhi dhAraNa karatAM pahelAM vikramAdityanI keTalIka khAsIyate; jemake, zakene-zaka jevI videzI jAtine parAjaya, saMvatsaranuM pravartana, nava puraSaratnanuM saMjana, vigere amuka rIte pitAnAmAM sajAvI hatI. A rAjAomAMne eka guptavaMzIya candragupta bIje paNa hatuM. eNe pitAnA rAjatvakAlamAM lekha vigere para eka saMvatane naidhyo che, ghaNA bhAge eNe ja e saMvatane vyavahAramAM mukyA haze. e saMvatana mukAyelA aMke enA rAjyAraMbhanA samaya sAthe baMdhabesatA nathI. saMzodhake kahe che ke, "candragupta bIjAe pitAnA vaDadAdA athavA khAsa karIne pitAnA dAdA candragupta pahelAnA rAjyAbhiSekathI (I. sa. 319vi. saM. 376 thI) e AMka gaNe che. kAraNa ke, candragupta bIjAnA zilAlekhomAM vaparAyelA 82 ane 93 e aMke moTA hoI tenA pitAnA rAjyAraMbhathI gaNIne mukAyelA saMbhavI zakatA nathI." candragupta bIjAe A saMvatane "gupta" nAmathI oLakhAvyuM che. saMzodhakee sAcI athavA khoTI (mArI samaja pramANe sarvathA beTI ja) evI paNa zodha karI che ke, valabhInA mitraka rAjAoe A gupta saMvatanI pUrve "gupta'nA badale valabhI" nAma rAkhI tene valabhI saMvata tarIke apanAvI lIdhuM hatuM. Ama gupta rAjAene vaparAzanA mATe svatanne pitAnA vaMzane gupta saMvata hatAM chatAM, keTalAka saMzodhake keNa jANe zA kAraNathI, "tenI pUrve sadIothI cAlatA eka saMvatanI sAthe guptavaMzanA keIka "vikramAditya" upAdhidhArIe pitAnuM nAma joDI dIdhuM." Ama mAnI lIdhuM e samajI zakAtuM nathI. IsunI pahelI athavA te keTalAkanA mate bIjI sadImAM samrATa hAla-zAlivAhana jevA dakSiNApathezvarathI "jAvattara" granthamAM ullekha karAyelA mahAdAnI vikramAdityane AjathI 2004 varSa pUrve mAnavAmAM, "ene saMvata hAla cAlI rahyo che ane enA pachInA ekadama najIkanA samayane eka mahArAjA ene pitAnA granthamAM kaileSAlaMkArane sAdhatAM spaSTa rIte ullekha karI rahyo che." AvA majabUta purAvA che tene choDI daI, vikramAdityanI upAdhine apanAvatA game te rAjAnI sAthe e jInA vikrama saMvatane asaMgata rIte lAgu pADI enA kharA hakadArane eTale balamitra (vikramAditya)ne aMdhArAmAM dhakelI de, e keTaluM badhuM anucita ane kRtadanapaNuM che. arthAta; jenA nAmane saMvata hAla cAlI rahyo che, jenA nAmanI upAdhi dhAraNa karavA ghaNA ya meTA bhUpALo lalacAyA che, paraduHkhabhaMjana e ujajayinIne suprasiddha adhipati vikramAditya gardabhilla vaMzane che; paraMtu guptavaMzIya nathI, ane tethI te guptavaMzIya candragupta athavA anya koI guptavaMzIya mahArAja nathI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 201 jema A vikramAditya guptavaMzIya candragupta (2) Adi nathI tema te, nathI paMjAba vigere pradezomAM rAjya karate pArthiyana rAjAdhirAja ajhIjha ke nathI puruSapura (pezAvara)nI rAjadhAnIvALo mathurA vigere pradezone mAlIka mahArAjA kaniSka. ajhIjhane hindanA pradezo para rAjA tarIke AvyAno samaya vikramAditya gAdIe Avyo tenAthI phakta eka varSa pahelAM, eTale ma. ni. 49-I. sa. pU. 58 heI vikrama saMvatanA zarUAtanA samayanI bahu ja najadIka che, e vAta kharI, paraMtu ajhIjha zakAri tarIke prasiddha nathI, tema tenI rAjadhAnI bahudhA takSazilA hoI te ujajayinIne adhipati nathI. evI ja rIte kuzanavaMzIya kaniSka paNa zakAri ane ujajayinIne adhipati nathI. viruddha zake tenA kSatrapa-subAo hatA, ema keTalAka spaSTa kahI rahyA che. kuzanavaMzIya A rAjAne samaya I. sa. nI bIjI sadInA pahelA caraNamAM-vikramasaMvatathI Azare piNa base varSe kahevAmAM Ave che. enA saMvatane ane vikrama saMvatane kAMI lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. ajhIjha ane kaniSkanI jema zuMga mahArAjA agnimitra paNa, keI kalpanA kare che tema, hAla jene saMvata cAle che te vikramAditya nathI. agnimitre bekiTrayane sAthe yuddha karI temane harAvI pazcima bhAratanI amuka hada sudhI pAchA dhakelyA che, paraMtu e bekiyane zaka na hovAthI te zakAri kahevAya nahi. teNe bekiTrayana saradAra bhUmakane madhyamikAmAM harAvyo hoya, paraMtu te paNa kSaharATa heI, zaka na hovAthI e rIte paNa agnimitrane ApaNe zakAri mAnI zakIe nahi. vaLI A agnimitra ujajayinIne adhipati banyo che, paraMtu teNe ujajayinImAM rahI rAjya karyuM nathI. tenI rAjadhAnI pUrva avantinI vidizAmAM hatI. uparAMta, tene vidyamAna samaya paNa vikramasaMvatanA prAraMbhathI 60 karatAM ya vadhAre varSa pahelAM che. have ApaNe, AjakAla cAlatA 2004 nA saMvatano pravartaka koI AzvavaMzIya rAjA-hIpi (meghasvAmI sAtakarSi) athavA ariSTa (sAtakarNi) ke hAla (zAlivAhana) vigeremAMthI kaI rAjA hoI zake ke kema, ene vicAra karIe. e vicAra karavA mATe prathama AzvavaMzanA rAjAonI vaMzAvalI ane te rAjAomAMnA pratyekanAM rAjatvakAlanAM varSonI saMkhyA jANavI joIe. bhinna bhinna rIte ane bahu spaSTa na samajAya tema, temanAM nAma ane rAjatvakAla purANamAM nedhA che, temAMnA masyapurANamAMnI noMdhane 56 ane te parathI tathA anya sAdhane parathI sudhArelI mArI potAnI noMdhane (25). "kANvAyanaM tato mRtyaH, suzarmANa prasahya tam / zuMgAnAM caiva yazcaizam , kSapitvA tu balIyasAm // zizuko'dhrasajAtIyA, prApsyatImAM vsuNghraam| prayoviMzat samA rAjA, zimukastu bhaviSyati // kRSNo bhrAtA yavIvAstu, aSTAdaza bhaviSyati / zrIzAtakarNibhavitA, tasya putrastu cai daza // rad mi tathA nA, ghafthaguag |.

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201 tinu mAdhipatya. ahiM raju karuM chuM, ke jethI AzvavaMzanA rAjAonI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI keTalIka paMvA zataM samA SaT ca, shaatknnirmvissyti| daza cASTau ca varSANi, tasya laMbodaraH sutaH // apIlako daza dve ca, tasya putro bhaviSyati / daza cASTau ca varSANi, meghasvAtirbhaviSyati // svAtizca bhavitA rAjA, * samAstvaSTAdazaiva tu| skaMdasvAtistathA rAjA, saptaiva tu bhaviSyati // mRgeMdraH svAtikarNastu, bhaviSyati samAstrayaH / kuMtalaH svAtikarNastu, bhavitASTau samA nRpaH // eka saMvatsaraM rAjA, svAtikoM bhaviSyati / SatriMzadeva varSANi, pulomAMvirbhaviSyati // bhavitA riSTa karNa stu, varSANAM pNcviNshtiH| tataH saMvatsaraM paMca, hAlo rAjA bhaviSyati // paMca maMtalako rAjA bhaviSyati samA nRpaH / purIMdraseno bhavitA, tasmAtsaumyo bhaviSyati // suMdara zAtakarNistu, abdamekaM bhaviSyati / cakoraH zAtakaNistu, SaNmAsAn vai bhaviSyati // maSTAviMzati varSANi, zivasvAtirbhaviSyati / rAjA ba gautamIputra, ekaviMzat tato nRpaH // maSTAviMzarasutastasya, pulomA vai bhaviSyati / ekomatrizatI bhAvyaH, zAtakarNistato nRpaH // zivazrIdhaiM pulomAstu, saptaiva bhavitA nRpaH / zivaskaMdhaH zAtakaNirbhavitAsyAtmajaH samAH // navaviMzati varSANi, yajJazrIH zAtakarNikaH / SaDeva bhavitA tasmAt , vijayastu samA nRpaH // cA~dhIH 'zAsakaNistu, tasya putraH samA dsh| pulomAdhiH 'samA 'sapta, anyasteSAM maviSyati // ekonaviMzatite, mAMdhrAH mokSyati vai mahIm / teSAM varSazatAni syu-zvatvAri SaSTireva c|" matsyapurANane A uparokta pATha che, tenI bhinna bhinna pratiomAM mAhAtara maLI Ave che. vAya vigere purANomAM rAjAonA nAma ane rAjatvAlanA varSomAM paNa pheraphAra jovAmAM Ave che. vaLI samuccaya rAjAonI saMkhyA ane rAjatvakAlamAM paNa pheraphAra nedhAyA che. jemake - ityete vai nRpAstriMzat, mAMdhrA bhokSyati ye mahIpa / samA zatAnicatvAri, paMca SaD vai tathaiva c|| ata; maDhyamAM 18 (bAbdAone rAjasvakAla 40 varSa kahyo che, tyAre bIjA purANa A AndharAjAonI saMkhyA kurmI hoI temane jakAla 6 varSa karavo che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 204 ghaTanAone sAmayika khyAla Ave ane te parathI keI AndharAjA vikrama saMvatane pravartaka zakAri vikramAditya heI zake ke kema e vicArI zakAya. (naM. 1) macapu.mAM ApelI A... rAjavaMzAvalImAnI neMdha. rAjAnuM nAma rAjAnuM nAma rAjAnuM nAma ye varSa 1 zizuka (simuka) zrI maNi pUNensaMga skadhastakli zAtakarNi - A A 2 2 4 A A 2 Z che rAnya varSa mRgendra svAtikarNa kuntala svAtikarNa svAtikarNa pulabhAvi ariSTakarNa zivasvAti gautamIputra pulemA civazrI zivaskanda zAtayajJazrI, sAtakarNi hAla lodara vijaya apIlaka capsazrI sAtakarNi | pulemA medasvAti svAti skandasvAti maDalaka purIndrasena (saumya) suMdara svAtikarNa cara svAtikarNa 18] (9), 18 | 20 | 21 | masyapurANa AdhrarAjAonI saMkhyA 19 nI, je te pATha azuddha mAnIe te, 29 nI lakhI temane samuccaya rAjatvakAla 460 varSa jaNAve che, paraMtu gaNatarIe rAjAonI saMkhyA 30nI, je "saumya'ne paNa gaNIe te, 31 nI ane temane rAjatvakAla 449 varSa thAya che, e koI galatInuM ja pariNAma che. matsya sivAyanAM badhAM purANuM AndharAjAonI saMkhyA 30 ja lakhe che, paraMtu tenI hastapratiomAM 17, 18, 19, 23 yAvat 25 nAma ja lakhAyelAM maLe che. lAge che A saMbaMdhamAM purANuM bahu ja anizcita che.

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204 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. (naM. 2) matsyapu. ane anya sAdhano parathI sudhArelI A... rAjavaMzAvelInI mArI noMdha. rAjyAraMbha rAjyAre AMdhra rAjAo rAjya varSa Alba rAjAo rAjya varSa simuka (sAtavAhana) zrI mala (sAtakarNi) pUtsaMga dhastaMbha (sAta cakara (sAru ka0) ziva (sAbe kala) (gautra 50) yajJazrI (sA0 ka.) (vAziSThIputra) catrapaNu (pumAvI, sA ka0) zivazrI (pulemA zivachaMda (sA. ka) (gau. pu) yAtrI | laMbodara apIlaka viya (jA. ke. pumAvI ) dIpi (sAka, (gautamIputra) ariSTa | (sA. ka.) | hAla (zAlavAhana) caMDathI (sA. ka) 23] ... ... (pulemA) maDalaka-maMtalaka purIndrasena-purIksana suMdara (sA. ka) uparanA (naM. 2) kaNakamAM meM naMbaravAra AdmarAjAonI ane temanA rAjatvakAlanI tathA temanA rAjyAraMbhanA samayanI nUdha ApI che. AmAM rAjAonAM vizeSa nAma ApI temanI oLakhane darzAvatAM upanAma ke vizeSaNuM kauMsamAM mukyAM che. phakta chellA rAjAnuM vizeSa nAma na jaNAyAthI te ApI zakAyuM nathI. matsya0mAM rAjAonI saMkhyA 30 nI che te mArI noMdhamAM 23 nI thaI che. matsyanA naM. 5 ane naM. e rAjAone eka ja mAnI, naM. 6 nA nAme tyAM 56 varSa rAjya lakhAyuM che te mArI nedhamAM naM. pa nA nAme caDhAvyuM che. tevI ja rIte majyanA naM. 9 thI naM. 15

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 205 sudhInA rAjAone eka ja mAnI naM. 15 nA nAme tyAM 36 varSa rAjya lakhAyuM che te mArI naMdhamAM naM. 8 nA nAme caDhAvyuM che. matsya hAlanA nAme 5 varSa lakhe che te ghaNAM ja ochAM hovAthI mArI noMdhamAM 72 varSa lakhAyAM che. Ama mAsyanI naMdhamAM keTalAka sudhAro karI mArI noMdha lakhAI che, chatAM te saMpUrNa zuddha che ema te na ja kahevAya. kharekhara, ene saMpUrNa zuddha banAvavAnuM kArya azakaya ja che. kAraNa ke, AdmarAjAonI ane temanA rAjatvakAlanI noMdha lenArAM purANomAMthI koI paNa rIte nizcita yAdI tAravI zakAya tema nathI. kAMIka vyavasthita ane vizvasanIya gaNAtA evA matsya ne athavA vAyu ne paNa AndharAjAomAMnA keTalAkanAM vizeSa nAmane suddhAM patto lAgyo hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. kemake, temane kaI kaI rAjAne naidhatAM vizeSa nAmane badale "zAtakaNi", "pumAvI," "gautamIputra,' evAM sAdhAraNa nAma naMdhIne ja santoSa mAnave paDe che. saMbhava che ke, temAM pAchaLanA lekhakanA hAthe thaI gayelI azuddhie ane apabhraMze paNa bhAga bhajavyo haze. tevI ja rIte prAkRtamAMthI saMskRta rUpa ghaDatAM paNa kAMIka vaikalpika pheraphAra thayo hoya te paNa nA nahi. e sarvanA pariNAme ja purANomAM "sAta"nA sthAne svAti, "kuntalarAjanA sthAne kuntala ane karNinA sthAne karNa AvAM AvAM rUpa jovA maLe che. bAkI, sAtavAhana ane sAtakaNinA sthAne eka deza tarIke sAta athavA vAhana ane sAta athavA karNi lakhI oLakha apAya te te ThIka ja che. ATaluM prAsaMgika sUcana karyA bAda, have jo ke mArI sudhArelI neMdhanI vAstavikatA sAbIta karavA ane AzvavaMzamAne kaI rAjA zakAri, vikramAditya, vikrama saMvatane pravartaka ane ujjayinIne adhipati che ke nahi e samajavA, AndharAjAone keTalAka ItihAsa ApavAnI AvazyakatA UbhI thAya che, paraMtu e ItihAsa avani para Adhipatya bhogavanArA AndhavaMzanA AgaLa para karavAmAM AvanArA Alekhana prasaMge ApIza. ahiM te phakta temAMnAM keTalAMka jarUrIyAta puratAM ja sUcana karIza, ke jethI samaja paDe ke, AndharAjAomAM kaI paNa rAjA A AlekhAI rahelA vikramAditya nathI. mArI neMdhanA naM01 thI naM05 sudhInA AndharAjAonA samaya daramIyAna videzI jAtinA zaka Adi loke lATa sudhI paNa pazcima bhAratanA dakSiNamAM AgaLa vadhyA nathI, tema te AgharAjAonuM rAjya paNa tApInadInA tIrathI uttaramAM hoya ema jaNAyuM nathI, eTale teomAMne keI ujajayinIpati zakAri havAne saMbhava ja nathI. (naM. 6) laMbodara zakethI parAjita thayela ane mahArASTra paNa gumAvI beThelo hevAthI temaja (naM0 7) apIlaka e paNa zakenI sAme kaI pravRtti na karanAra hovAthI zakAri tarIke nathI. te banne rAjAo bennATakamAM ja rahI rAjya karanArA hatA. A pachI (naM08) dvApi (sAka, pumAvI) rAjA thayA. teNe zakenI sAme laDavAmAM gardabhillavaMzIya vikramAdityane madada karI hatI.

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206 avaMtinuM Adhipatya vALI teNe pitAnA tAbAnA mulaka para caDhI AvanAra pratiSThAnamAM rahI rAjaya karatA zaka rAjAne mArI nAkhyuM hatuM. ane pratiSThAnanA pradezane pAcho tAbAmAM lIdhuM hatuM. AvI rIte zone jItavAthI te zakari kahevAya, paraMtu ujajayinInA vikramAdityane madadagAra ane dakSiNa bhAratamAM rAjaya karatA tene ujajayinIpati vikramAditya mAnI zakAya nahi. dvIpa pachI (09). ariSTa (gautamIputra sAtakarNi) AArAjA thaye. zrIyuta, ke. pI. jAyasvAlajIe A rAjAne ujajayinIne zakAri vikramAditya TharAvavA bhAre Agraha rAkhI bahu ja maMthana karyuM che. temaNe pitAnuM mantavya siddha karavA AndharAjavaMzAvalIne ulaTasulaTa goThavI che ane A rAjAne nAzikanA lekhavALI rAjamAtA gautamI bAlazrIne putra mAne che. mane nathI lAgatuM ke temane e prayatna barAbara heya. A rAjAe nAzika, punA vigere jillAonA zakane jItI tAbe karyA hatA tethI te zakAri che, paraMtu tenuM rAjya dakSiNa bhAratanI uttaramAM hatuM ja nahi. tenuM rAjanagara bekaTaka hatuM. te ujajayinIpati banyuM ja nathI, tema tenI upAdhi vikramAditya hoya e kaI purA paNa nathI, ane tethI te kaI paNa rIte cAlu vikrama saMvatane pravartaka vikramAditya nathI. (naM 9) arijha (sAka) pachI (naM. 10) hAla (zAlavAhana) AdmarAjaya para Avyo hate. pahelAM videzI jAtiomAMnA zakaloke mahArASTramAM sattAdhIza hatA. teomAMnA ghaNAkharAone dvISi ane ariSTa sattAvihIna karyA hatA, paraMtu teo ane kSaharATe, hAla rAja potAnI gAdI bennATakathI pratiSThAnamAM lAge tyAre, tyAM patharAyelA paDyA hatA. hAla rAjAnA zUra ane vaphAdAra mantrI zudrake e sarvane dabAvI dIdhA hatA. A zuddhake aparAntakane jItI laI tyAMnI paNa videzI jAtione tAbe karI hatI. vaLI teNe vikramAdityanA mRtyu bAda pAchaLathI avanitanI sattAne nahi gAMThatI lATa vigere dezonI ane haju echAvattA pramANamAM sattA para rahelI saurASTra vigere dezonI zakAdi vasAhata jAtione tAbe karI lIdhI hatI. sindhanA zakene paNa teNe jItI lIdhA hatA. teNe eka pArthiyana rAjAne paNa jItyuM hatuM ke je mathurAne zAsaka hevA saMbhava che. kAraNa ke, mathurA jItavAnI pitAnA svAmI hAla rAjAnI AjJA thatAM teNe lazkaranA be vibhAgathI caDhAI karI eka ja samaye dakSiNa mathurA (madurA) ane uttara mathurA para vijaya meLavyo hate. vaLI teNe mulatAnanA pradezamAM kArUra AgaLa zakene-kuzAnene harAvyA hatA. arthAta; zudrake pazcima bhAratanA ane madhya bhAratanI uttaranA zaka, pANigana, kuzAna, vigere vasAhatI ke Akramaka videzIone jItyA hatA. ene e vijaya enA svAmI hAla-zAlivAhanane ja gaNAya, ane e vijita jAtiomAM moTe bhAga zakone hate athavA e jAtio bhAratavAsIothI bahudhA zake tarIke oLakhAtI hatI tethI e vijayane zakavijaya ja gaNAya. Ama hAla rAjAne zakAri kahI zakAya, paraMtu tenA vikramAditya havA viSe nizcaya nathIkuntalarAja paNapati A hAla sAtavAhana

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avatinuM Adhipatya 207 mATe zilAlekha ke sAhityamAM "vikramAddhitya e zabda vaparAyale vAMcavA maLase nathI. phikta, bRhatkathAmAM saMskRta rUpAntara kathAmaMjarI AdimAM viSamazIla-hAlane vikramAditya lakhyo che, tene prAmANika mAnIe te kahI zakAya ke hAla e vikramAditya hate. AvI rIte hAla rAjA zakAri ane vikramAditya hoya, paraMtu te kaI rIte ujajayinIpati nathI. kAraNa ke, ujajazcimInA vikramAdityanI vRddhAvasthAmAM tenI sAme laDanAra te pratiSThAnapati hatuM. teNe kaI saMvata pravartAvyuM hoya ema paNa jaNAyuM nathI, ane tethI mArI gaNanA pramANe vi. saM. 35 varSe bennATakanI gAdI para Avelo A hAla rAjA cAlu vikramasaMvatane pravartaka-vikramAditya nathI. hAla rAjAnI pachInA AndharAjAomAM videzI jAtione, khAsa karIne, caNana ke jayadAmA nAmanA zaka rAjAne parAsta karI vijaya meLavanAra je kaI hoya te te eka (naM016) gautamIputra zrI sAtakarNi che, bRhatkathAnAM saMskRta rUpAntaramAM vikramasiMha ke vikramasenane putra tathA vikramAdityanA kAryanuM anukaraNa karanAra, je trivikramasena nAmane rAjA kahyo che te, saMbhava che ke, gautamI bAlazrIne putra A yajJazrI heya. tenuM rAjanagara pratiSThAna hatuM, paraMtu avanita-ujajayinI tenA tAbAmAM hoI te ujayinIpati paNa hatuM. Ama A rAja zakAri ane ujayinIne pati tathA kadAca, vikramAdityanI upAdhine dhAska paNa hatuM, paraMtu tene samaya cAlu vikramasaMvatathI Azare 163 varSa jeTalo pAchaLa heI,57 te cAla vikramasaMvatane pravartaka A AlekhAte vikramAditya nathI. upara jaNAvyA pramANe, jema AzvavaMzane keI rAjA cAlu vikramasaMvatane pravartaka vikramAditya nathI tema hAla-cAlavAhanane bRtya, Abrabhune prathama puruSa, vidizA (257) jenA para azakanAM cauda mukhya zAsane kotarAvyAM hatAM te ja giranAra ane jUnAgaDhanI vacce paDelI zilA para zaka dradAmAne lekha che, emAM lakhAyuM che ke, maurya candragupta sudarzana taLAva baMdhAvyuM hata ane azake tene nahera vagerethI ze bhAvyuM hatuM. tene ekavAra pharIthI punaruddhAra karavAno prasaMga Avyo hato. kemake, dradAmAnA 72mA varSe e taLAvano baMdha tUTI gayo hata-e baMdhamAM eka moTuM gAbaDuM paDI temAMnuM pANI sarvathA vahI gayuM hatuM. skaMdAmAe Anarta ane saurASTra para nImelA pitAnA subA mAra. phate A taLAvane bahu ja vistRta karI suMdara rIte samarAvyuM, A lekhamAM baMdha tUTayAne je kArano varSe vidattatita [s 3 ha0 [ +] 2 mA zIrSa-1duta phi." AvI rIte karane aMka lakhI samaya darzAvyo che te aMka i. sa. 78mAM zarU thayelA zakasaMvatano mAnI saMzodhako e samayane i. sa. 150 (vi. saM. 207)mAM muke che, ane vaLI teo kahe che ke, e samaya lekha kAtarAvyA che. dAmAnA e lekhamAM lakhAyelI bahALI pravRttione vicAra karatAM ane tenA rAjayanA paramA varSamAM lakhAyelA aMdhAu (kaccha)ne lekhane jotAM, lAge che ke, dradAmAne rAjyAraMbha e lekha lakhAyA pUrve Azare 25 varSe thayo haze ane tenA rAjyAraMbhathI pUrve Azare 15 varSe AdhrarAjA yazrIe tenA pitAmaha caSTanane ke pitA jayadAmAne harAvyuM haze. have je yajJazrIe rAjya para AvyA pachI cAreka varSe e vijaya meLavyo hoya to tenA rAjamAraMbhane stramaya I. sa. 196-vi. saM. 163 ja Ave, ke jene mArI nadhinI sAthe paNa meLa maLI jAya che. 19) 1KKI

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208 avaMtinuM Adhipatya (vardhamAnapurI athavA zobhAvatI)ne rAjA zudraka, e paNa cAlu vikrama saMvatana pravartaka hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. zAlivAhananA e vidvAna mantrI ane zUrA senApatie zuMgabhUtyanA chellA rAjA suzamane mArI tenI rAjadhAnI AkaradezanI vidizAne hastagata karavA pUvAka tenA rAjyane jItI laI pitAnA svAmI zAlivAhananA caraNe dharyuM hatuM. 258 teNe zAlivAhananA hitamAM bIjA paNa keTalAMka mahatvanAM kAryo karyA hatAM. A sarvathI prasanna thayelA zAlivAhane jyAre tene ardha rAjya ApyuM, tyAre vidizAmAM rahI rAjya karatA ane vidarbharAja tarIke oLakhAtA e zudraka rAjAe, "geDepherIsa" nAmanA pArthiyana rAjAnA rAjatvakAla 59 pachInA samayamAM uttarabhAratamAMnA pArthiyanene athavA te pradezomAM AkramaNa karI mathurAnA raste AgaLa vadhavAnI IcchA rAkhanArA kuzAnene sAmano karI, temane (kadAca, mulatAna AgaLa) harAvyA hatA 26deg ane kAzmIrane paNa jItI laI tyAM teNe pitAne mancIgupta nAmane sube nIme hate. mahArASTramAM ane anyatra vasavATa karI rahelA ochI vadhatI sattA bhegavatA tathA joratalabIthI vartatA zake ane temanI sAthe seLabheLa thaI gayelA videzI anya jAtionA vijayamAM paNa A zudrake zAlavAhananA senAnI tarIke athavA svataMtra rIte bhAre bhAga bhajavyo che. kavi harirSaNanA kRSNacaritramAM paNa tene zakene jItanAra kahevAmAM AvyuM che. A sarva (258) masyAdi purANamAM kava suzarmAne mAranAra vyakti AdhajAtIya simuka, zizuka, sidhuka ke zipraka nAmathI oLakhavAya che. ahiM ApelI Adha vaMzAvalImAM tene naM-1 tarIke mukAyA che, paNa nAnAvATa vigera lekhenA AdhAre sAbIta thAya che ke, simunA rAjayanI zarUAta ane konA rAjyane aMta e be vacce be varSanuM aMtara che eTale AdhrarAjA simuke kavarAjA suzarmanane mAryo e hakIkata baMdha besatI nathI purANene zakanA badale simuka jevuM anizcita nAmAntara karavuM suzarmAnA vAtakanA mATe samajAyuM ane te simuka gAndhavaMzAvalImAMnA naM. 1 vaLe che eTale A AdmajAtIya simu ja karvavaMzane nAza karyo evI bhrAnti thaI. pariNAme purANoe, AdhavaMzAvalInI zarUAtamAM "vAghavA to mRrA, duzamai gig tA zuMgAra vaida che, kSapayitvA balaM tadA // zizukoM (simukoM) dhrasajAtIyaH, prApsyatImAM vsuNbraam|" me rIte lakhavAmAM AvyuM. ahiM suzarmAnA mAranArane mATe "sUcaH' ane caMdravajJAtIya ema be vizeSa vAparyA che te zadraka AdharAjA zAlivAhana (hAla)ne bhUtya hatA ane te Adha hato evI purA nI smRtinuM pariNAma che. (25) goMDepherIsa Azare I. sa. 20mAM gAdIe Avyo hato. tenuM mRtyu I. sa. 48 nI lagabhaga thayuM hatuM. e pArthiyana rAjavaMzI rAjA-hindIrAjA hAI bahu lAMbA vistAra para tene adhikAra hato. tenA rAjatvakAlanA chellAM varSomAM hindamAMnI pArthiyana sattA nAbuda thaI jAya evI rIte kAma karate samaya hAla DokIyA karI rahyo hato. (260) A sthala te vakhate "kAra 'nA nAme oLakhAtuM hatuM. (21) kundrA vina, vi zAkAhAravira | varaNa rahyuM - niravA, pAvartayata vaikramam //

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 209 parathI ApaNe zudrakane jarUra zakAri kahI zakIe. vaLI A zuddhaka vikema ke vikramAditya tarIke kahevAtuM hoya ema sAhityagata ullekhethI sIdhuM ke ADakatarI rIte jANavA maLe che. zUdra eTale vikrama ema amarakezamAM kahevAyuM che. zrI zatruMjayatIrtha uparanA dhArmika kAryamAM zAlivAhananI sAthe vikramAdityanuM astitva hovA viSe jaina sAhityamAM ullekha thayela che. A ullekhAyale vikramAditya, kRSNacaritranA kathanAnusAra, "zakene jItI saMvatsara calAvanAra, IndranA sarakho balI, zAsazastravid vipra zUdraka" ja hovA saMbhava che. Ama zudrakanA mATe kAri, vikramAditya ane saMvatsarapravartaka, e sarva ghaTI zake che, paraMtu te zrIkAlakAcArye lAvelA zakasAhionI sAthe laDanAra tarIke kAri nathI, tema zAlivAhananI sAthe rahI ujajayinInA vikramAditya (balamitra)nI sAme laDanAra te nAmathI vikramAditya nahi; paraMtu vikramazakti hoI pAchaLanA lekhake kharI rIte ke khoTI rIte mAne che tema, kadAca upAdhithI vikramAditya haze. dhyAnamAM levA jevI vAta che ke, bRhatkathAnA anuvAdake e viSamazIla ( hAla-cAlavAhana)ne vikramAditya lakhe che jyAre tenA A senAnIne te vikamazaktinA nAme ja lakhyo che. A zake saMvatsara pravartAvyuM hoya e saMbhavita nathI, chatAM teNe saMvatsara pravartAvyo hoya te, te saMvatsaranuM nAma "vikrama" rakhAyuM hoya, e saMbhavatuM nathI. eNe anukaraNa rUpe vikramAdityanI upAdhi dhAraNa karelI hovAthI kRSNacaritranA lekhake tenA saMvatsarane kalpanAmAtrathI ja "vaizAma' lakhI dIdhe haze, ema lAge che. bAkI, kharI rIte e saMvatsaranuM nAma "vikrama" sivAya keI anya ja rakhAyeluM haze, A sarva carcA parathI e siddha thAya che ke, AndrabhUtya zUdraka rAjA paNa keI rIte cAlu vikramasaMvatane pravartaka ane pRthvIne anuNa karanAra vikramAditya nathI. upara jaNAvelA keTalAka mahAna rAjAo jema vikramAditya nAmanA nathI tema I. sa. pa24 thI 530 nI vacagALe hUNo (mihiragula)ne harAvanAra yazodharmAne paNa cAlu vikrama saMvatane calAvanAra vikramAditya kahIe to te paNa ghaTI zake tema nathI. saMzodhakane mAlavAna e rAjAnI puratI oLakha ja thaI nathI. 26 teNe vikramAdityanI upAdhi (22) ju, ka0 sa0 sAruM ane ba0 ka maM0 ne anAme 18 mo ane 10 me viSamazIla nAme laMbaka. (263) A yadharmo vikramanI chaThThI sadIne rAjA che. aberUnInA lekha parathI jeo A yazadharmAne kArUra mukAme haNanA jatanAra tarIke lakhI tene vikrama saMvatane pravartaka mAne che teone javAba ApatAM rA. ba. vaidya kahe che ke, alabephanInA lekhanuM paryAlayana karatAM samajAya che ke, kArUranuM yuddha, praNo sAthenuM yuddha, ke je I. sa. 544 mAM thayuM hatuM, tenAthI bahu ja pahelAM thayuM hatuM. vaLI A rAjA dUNenI sAthe vijaya meLavanAra hovAthI dUNari kahevAya, nahi ke kAri. prAcIna bhAratavarSanA lekhaka A rAjAne paramAravaMzane lakhI tene samaya i. sa. pa34-575 muke che ane tenI upAdhio vikramAditya ane zilAditya lakhe che. teo kahe che ke, e paramAra vaMzane pahelo puruSa che. 27

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 211 mitranuM nAma joDI tene balamitra-bhAnumitra tarIke lakhyo che, jyAre bIjA pAchaLanA balamitrane balamitra tarIke ja lakhe che, ke jethI teone eka bIjAthI alaga tarIke oLakhI zakAya. bIjA balamitrane "vikramAditya evuM anarthAntara nAma dhAraNa karavAmAM paNa A ja prayojana che. himavaMta rAvalI balamitra-bhAnumitrane azokanA putra tiSyaguptanA putra jaNAve che. e sivAya kaI paNa granthamAM A banne balamitrenA vaMza ke pitAnuM nAma lakhAyuM hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. "prabhAvakacarita'kAre bIjA balamitranA nAmane traNa vAra ullekha karatAM tene zrImAna, dhImAna, yazasvI, kAlakAcAryane bhANeja, dhanaMjayane pitA, bharUcane rAjA, AvI ja rIte varNavyuM che. thoDA thoDA aMtare thayelA uparokta be balamitrone alaga alaga samajavA mATe, jainagranthakArone jyAM jayAM temanA nAmano ullekha karavAne prasaMga Avyo tyAM tyAM temaNe prathama balamitranI sAthe tenA bhrAtA bhAnumitranuM nAma joDAyeluM ja rAkhyuM ane jayAre temane bIjA balamitranA nAmane ullekha karavAnI jarUra paDI tyAre temaNe tenA nAmane phakta "balamitra evI ja rIte AlekhavAnI paripATI rAkhI, Ama chatAM TheTha cUrNikAronA samayathI ja A be balamitronI oLakha saMbaMdhamAM brAnti jAgatAM matabheda paDelo jovAmAM Ave che, bIje balamitra zarUAtamAM bharUcane zAsaka rAjA heI kAlakAcAryane bhANeja hate tenA badale, zarUAtathI ja ujajayinInA adhipati balamitra-bhAnumitra e be bhAIo kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja hatA evI mAnyatA nizIthacUrNikAranA samayamAM paNa hatI, ke jene ullekha e cUrNikAre pote ja karyo che. cUrNikAre e mAnyatA keTalAka AcAryonA nAme caDhAvI te tarapha pitAnI upekSAvRtti ke taTasthatA ja dAkhavI che. pitAnI mAnyatAmAM te temaNe balamitra-bhAnumitrane kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja tarIke nathI ja AlekhyA. cUrNikArathI nirdeza karAyelA e keTalAka AcAryoe balamitra-bhAnumitrane gardabhilodaka kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja mAnatAM, teoe temane bharUcanA rAjA dhanaMjayanA pitA balamitranA sthAne goThavI dIdhA, pariNAme, balamitra-bhAnumitrathI nirvAsita karAyelA zyAmAcAryanI nirvAsananI ghaTanA gardazillochedaka kAlakAcAryanA nAme caDhI gaI. zyAmAcAryanuM nirvAsana ujajayinIthI thayAnA badale bharUcathI thayAnI mAnyatA paNa kAlakAcAryane bhANeja balamitra hatuM tenA badale temanA bhANeja balamitra-bhAnumitra hatA, e mAnyatAmAMthI ja UbhI thayelI che. balamitra-bhAnumitra ane balamitra emanI hayAtIne samaya, jaina sAhityamAM emanA saMbaMdhamAM sUcita ghaTanAonA samaye temanuM sthaLa ane bhinna bhinna samaye AcArya tarIke vidyamAna bane kAlakAcAryonI keTalIka mahatvabharI viziSTatA, A sarva hovA chatAM paNa keNa jANe zA kAraNathI balamitra-bhAnumitra ane balamitra e bannemAM ekatAnI mAnyatA UbhI thaI, ke jethI e samayanA ItihAsamAM bhAre goTALo thaI gayo che. jene kAlagaNanAnI 4 raji- ItyAdi gAthAo pramANe balamitra-bhAnumitra ane balamitra, emanI ekatA kaI paNa rIte baMdha besatI thatI nathI. keI paNa jAtanA pAThA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 11 mitranuM nAma joDI tene khalamitra-bhAnumitra tarIke lakhyA che, jyAre bIjA pAchaLanA alamitrane alamitra tarIke ja lakhyA che, ke jethI tene eka bIjAthI alaga tarIke oLakhI zakAya. khIjA khalamitrane 'vikramAditya' evuM anarthAntara nAma dhAraNa karavAmAM paNa A ja prayeAjana che. himavaMta therAvalI khamitra-bhAnumitrane azAkanA putra tiSyagukhtanA putrA jaNAve che e sivAya kAI paNa granthamAM A banne khalamitrAnA vaMza ke pitAnuM nAma lakhAyu. hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. 'prabhAvakacarita'kAre khIjA khalamitranA nAmane traNa vAra ullekha karatAM tene zrImAn, dhImAna, yazasvI, kAlakAcA nA bhANeja, dhanaMjayanA pitA, bharUcanA rAjA, AvI ja rIte vaNubyA che. thADA thADA aMtare thayelA uparokta e khalamitrAne alaga alaga samajavA mATe, jainagranthakArAne jyAM jyAM temanA nAmanA ullekha karavAnA prasaMga AvyA tyAM tyAM temaNe prathama khalamitranI sAthe tenA bhrAtA bhAnumitranuM nAma joDAyaluM ja rAkhyuM ane jyAre temane khIjA khalamitranA nAmanA ullekha karavAnI jarUra paDI tyAre temaNe tenA nAmane phakta 'khalamitra' evI ja rIte AlekhavAnI pirapATI rAkhI, Ama chatAM TheTha cUkiArAnA samayathI ja A e malamitronI oLakha sabaMdhamAM brAnti jAgatAM matabheda paDelA jovAmAM Ave che, bIjo khalamitra zarUAtamAM bharUcanA zAsaka rAjA hoI kAlakAcArya nA bhANeja hatA tenA badale, zarUAtathI ja ujjayinInA adhipati alamitra-bhAnumitra e e bhAie kAlakAcA nA bhANeja hatA evI mAnyatA nizIthacUrNikAranA samayamAM paNa hatI, ke jenA ullekha e cUrNikAre pAte ja karyAM che. cUrNikAra e mAnyatA keTalAka AcArcInA nAme caDhAvI te tarapha pAtAnI upekSAvRtti ke taTasthatA ja dAkhavI che. peAtAnI mAnyatAmAM te temaNe khalamitra-bhAnumitrane kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja tarIke nathI ja AlekhyA. cUrNikArathI nirdeza karAyalA e keTalAka AcArcIe khalamitra-bhAnumitrane gabhiTTocchedaka kAlakAcAyanA bhANeja mAnatAM, teoe temane bharUcanA rAjA dhanajayanA pitA khalamitranA sthAne geAThavI dIdhA, pariNAme, malamitra-bhAnumitrathI nirvAsita karAyelA zyAmAcAyanI nirvAsananI ghaTanA gabhilocchedaka kAlakAcAryanA nAme caDhI gaI. zyAmAcAryanuM nirvAsana ujjayinIthI thayAnA badale bharUcathI thayAnI mAnyatA paNa kAlakAcAryanA bhANeja malamitra hatA tenA khale temanA bhAtheja khalamitra--bhAnumitra hatA, e mAnyatAmAMthI ja UbhI thayelI che. balamitra-bhAnumitra ane khalamitra emanI hayAtInA samaya, jaina sAhityamAM emanA sabadhamAM sUcita ghaTanAonA samaye temanuM sthaLa ane bhinna bhinna samaye AcArya tarIke vidyamAna ane kAlakAcAryAnI keTalIka mahattvabharI viziSTatA, A sahAvA chatAM paNu kANu jANe zA kAraNathI mamitra-bhAnumitra ane khalamitra e mannemAM ekatAnI mAnyatA UbhI thaI, ke jethI e samayanA ItihAsamAM bhAre gADhALA thaI gayA che. jaina kAlagaNanAnI hra raLi' ItyAdi gAthAe pramANe khalamitra-bhAnumitra ane khalamitra, emanI ekatA kAi paNa rIte khadha besatI thatI nathI. koI paNa jAtanA pAThAna

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212 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ntarenA matabheda sivAya mULa sthitimAM ja maLI AvatI e gAthAone, je cAlu saMpradAya pramANe artha karavAmAM Ave che te mujaba, balamitra-bhAnumitrane samaya ma. ni. 353 thI 43 sudhI che ane gabhilane samaya ma. ni. 453 thI 466 sudhI che. AvI sthitimAM gadaibhillanA ucachedaka kAlakAcAryanuM astitva ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadInAM vacalA varSomAM heI, teo pitAnI sahAyamAM ma. ni. 353 thI 44 sudhI vidyamAna balamitra bhAnumitrane na ja laI zake, e spaSTa vAta che. zrI merUtuMgAcArye A balamitra-bhAnumitrane kAlakAcArya (zyAmAcArya)nA nirvAsaka mAnyA nathI. teo zyAmAcAryathI bhinna anya kaI kAlakAcAryanuM nirvAsana mAne che ane nirvAsana karanAra rAjAo ma. ni. nI thI sadImAM vidyamAna balamitra-bhAnumitra nahi, paraMtu tethI bhinna koI anya ja balamitra-bhAnumitra che, ema jaNAve che. Ama teo bIjA eka balamitra-bhAnumitranA jeDakAne nirdeza kare che, paraMtu e nireza kAlakakathA ane bhadrezvarasUrinI "kahAvalI' jaNAve che e gabhillo sthApaka zrI kAlakAcAryanA sahAyaka balamitra-bhAnumitranA jeDakAnA aMge hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. kAraNa ke, emaNe e niza, ma. ni. nI dazamI sadInA aMte-a. ni. 993 varSe valabhI yugapradhAnapaTTAvalImAMnA yugapradhAna kAlakAcAryanuM nirvAsana mAnatAM, temanA nivasaka tarIke manAtA te samayanA ja keI balamitra-bhAnumitranA joDakAnA aMge karyo che. bAkI, kharI rIte kAlakakathAmAM ke kahAvalImAM balamitra-bhAnumitranuM saMyukta nAma lakhAyeluM che te saMyukta nAmanA be bhAIo che ja nahi, paraMtu te balamitra nAmane bharUcane zA che ke je gabhillanI pAchaLa AvelA zakene dUra karI ujajayinIne adhipati thayo hata; ane zrImerUtuMgAcArya kAlakAcAryanA nivasananI vAta karatAM je anya balamitrabhAnumitrane nirdeza kare che te paNa vastutaH ma. ni. nI cothI sadInA balamitra- bhAnumitra sivAya anya keI nathI, kAraNa ke, ma. ni. 990nI AjubAjunA samayamAM ujajayinImAM ke bharUcamAM balamitra-bhAnumitra nAmanA rAjAo rAjya karatA hoya te kaI purA nathI viruddha nirvAsita thayelA kAlakAcArya paryuSaNanA samaye dakSiNApathanA prati ThAnamAM AvI gayA hatA tyAre tyAM AzvavaMzane rAjA sAtavAhana (zAtakaNuM rAjya karato hate ema jaina sAhityamAM kahevAyuM che, te AdmavaMza ma. ni. 993 thI Azare base, savA base varSa pahelAM ahi-pratiSThAnamAM asta pAmI cukaye hate. A sarva parathI samajAze ke, saMyukta nAmathI oLakhAtA balamitra-bhAnumitra be traNa nahi; paraMtu ma. ni. nI cothI sadImAM vidyamAna eka ja che, ane tethI teo temanA rAjyAnta pachI pada ke pa7 varSe ujajayinInA siMhAsana para AvelA gabhilanA putra balamitra athavA vikramAdityanI ane tenA saMvatapravartananI carcAnA viSayanI. bahAranA che. ( ma. ni. 154 ke 155 varSe mauryavaMzanI zarUAta ane ma. ni. 410 varSe vikrama rAjyAraMbha mAnatA himavaMta therAvalI vigerenA mate balamitra-bhAnumitrane samaya ma.ni. 294 thI 354 ke ma, ni, 293 thI 353 Ave che, eTale e matanI gaNatarIe balamitra

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213 avaMtinuM Adhipatya bhAnumitra, gadaibhi@thI ke tenA utthApaka kAlakAcAryathI keTalAMka varSa pahelAM thaI gayA hovAthI ane temanA jevA saMyukta nAmavALe ma. ni. 410 sudhI bIje ke rAjA na manAyalo hovAthI, temanA rAjyAnta pachI bharUca para ke ujajayinI para balamitra ke vikramAditya tarIke rAjaya para AvyA hovAnI kalpanAnA viSaya ja nathI. zrI bhadrezvarasUrijInA mate paNa, teo maurya rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 155 varSe mAnatA hevAthI ane kAlagaNanAnI gAthAo pramANe maunAM 108 varSa tathA puSyamitronAM 30 varSa pachI balamitra-bhAnumitra AvyA hovAthI, balamitra bhAnumitrane rAjyAraMbha ma. ni. 293 varSa Ave che. (jaina kAlagaNanAnI gAthAomAM mauryakAla 108 varSa kahyo che tene pAThabhedathI ke anya kaI rIte e che mAnatA keTalAke taraphathI kahevAmAM Ave che tema e mAnI, temAM para varSa ke 60 varSa vadhArI 160 varSa ke 168 varSa gaNI gaNatarI karIe te paNa balamitra-bhAnumitranA rAjyAraMbhane samaya ma. ni. 345 ke 353 Ave; paraMtu A mAnyatAne koI AdhAra na havAthI leza paNa vajuda ApI zakAya tema nathI.) Ama chatAM e bhadrezvarasUri prAkRta kahAvalImAM lakhe che ke;-"sAhi pramukha rANAoe ujajayinI para kAlakasUrinA bhANeja balamitrane abhiSikta karyo ane bhAnumitrane yuvarAja tarIke sthApe." ahiM prazna UThe che ke, kAlakAcAryanA nirvAsana prasaMgamAM zrImetuMgAcArya anya balamitra-bhAnumitra thayA hovAnI vAta lakhe che tema bhadrezvarasUrijI paNa ma. ni. 293 thI 353 sudhI vidyamAna balamitra-bhAnumitrathI anya kaI balamitra-bhAnumiva mAne che ke zuM? zuM gaIbhilane balamitra ane bhAnumitra nAmanA be putro hatA? Ane javAba maLatuM nathI. mane te lAge che ke, balamitra-bhAnumitra ane balamitra. emane bhinna bhinna na samajavAnI bhrAntithI ja uparokta lakhANa thayuM haze. keTalAke kalpanA kare che ke, balamitrabhAnumitre bala-vikrama+bhAnu-Aditya vikramAditya nAma dhAraNa karyuM hatuM, paraMtu eka rAjA ane bIje yuvarAja, ema be maLI evI rIte joDAyeluM nAma zA kAraNe dhAraNa kare e eka khAsa prazna che. kharI vAta to e ja che ke, pUrve thaI gayelA balamitra-bhAnumitramAMnA balamitranI sAthe pitAnA nAmane goTALo na thAya te mATe gaI bhillanA putra balamitre bala-vikrama+mitraAdityaravikramAditya nAma dhAra karyuM hatuM, ke je saMbaMdhI huM pUrve khulAso karI gaye chuM. e khulAsAne AdhAra phakta mAruM anumAna ja che. kAraNa ke, bhAratanA keI paNa sAhityagraMthamAM, sikkAo ke zilAlekhamAM athavA te kaI paNa dantakathAnI noMdhamAM, meM jaNAvyuM che tevI rIte "vikramAditya' nAmanI utpattine ullekha maLatuM nathI. "sUrya vapnathI sUcavAyelo hovAthI ane sUryavAre sUryodaye janma thayela hovAthI gardabhinna rAjAe putranuM nAma "vikramA' pADayuM," ema zrI zubhazIlagaNicha vikramacaritramAM lakhe che, paraMtu sUryanA paryAya vAcaka arka ane Aditya zabdo che tema mitra zabda paNa che tethI zubha zIlagaNijIe darzAvelI rIte, arthAnta ke AdityAnta vikramAka ke vikramAditya evA nAmanI jema mitrAnta balamitra evuM nAma pADayuM hovAnI paNa kalpanA karI zakAya tema che. saMbhava che ke samayanA pravAhamAM balamitra nAma DUbI jatAM cAlu rahelA vikramA ke

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214 avatinuM Adhipatya vikramAditya nAmane laI gaNijIne tenuM nAma pADyuM hovAnI kalpanA karavI paDI hoya ane tethI gardabhillanA putranuM janma nAma balamitra heI, pUrve thayelA balamitra nAmanI sAthe bhinnatA darzAvavA teNe vikramAditya nAma dhAraNa karyuM hatu, e mArA anumAnane gaNijInA ullekhathI viruddha asara pahoMcatI nathI, sivAya ke saMvatsarapravartaka e rAjAnuM janmathI ja balamitra nahi, paraMtu vikramAditya nAma rAkhyuM hatuM, e bIje kaI majabUta prAcIna purA maLI Ave. Ama balamitra-bhAnumitra ane balamitra e judA judA samaye thayelI bhinna bhinna vyakti heI kAlakAcAryathI rAjyabhraSTa karAyelA gardabhivrane saMbaMdha balamitrabhAnumitranI sAthe nahi, paraMtu balamitranI sAthe ja ghaTI zake che, ene ahiM kAMIka vicAra karIe. kAMI paNa kAraNa batAvyA sivAya jaina sAhityamAM kahevAyuM che ke -"balamitra gabhilathI apamAna pAmela hate." A apamAnanAM saMbhavita kAraNa tarIke, kAM te gabhiThTha rAjAe balamitranA keI haka adhikArAdine hAni pahoMcADI hoya ane tethI balamitre game te kaI rIte tene sAmane karyo hoya athavA te balamitra gardabhilUne evI rItane saMbaMdhI have joIe ke gardazillanI nIti-anIti sAthe tene nisbata hoI teNe gardazillanI anIti sAme gya paNa jabara virodha karyo hoya. A banne kAraNemAM eka kAraNa kAlagaNanAnI gAthAonA kathana mujaba gaI bhillanI pUrve ujajayinI para rAjya karatA balamitrabhAnumitramAMnA balamitrane mATe saMbhavatuM nathI, jyAre bIjA balamitranA apamAnamAM paheluM kAraNa asaMbhavita hAI pAchaLanuM kAraNa ja saMbhavita hoya ema lAge che. "vikramAditya gandharvasena (gadaMbhila)ne putra hatuM. tene janma khaMbhAta ke bharUcamAM thayuM hatuM. ujajayinI para AvyA pahelAM gandharvasena AnartamAM-AnaMdapuramAM raheto hato ane tyAM rahI rAjya karate hate. gandharvasenanA rAjyabhraSTa thayA bAda vikramAditya AntrapradezamAM cAlyA gayA hate." gandharvasena-gardazilyanI sAthe vikramAdityane saMbaMdha jaNAvatA AvA prakAranA ane bIjA paNa enA jevA ja aneka prakAranA ullekha Aje maLI Ave che te sarva beTA hoya ema mAnavAne kAMI kAraNa nathI. gardabhila ane balamitra (vikramAditya) vacce nikaTane pitA ane putra tarIke saMbaMdha rahevAthI ja gadaMbhile jyAre chellI hadanI anIti AdarI tyAre balamitre tene bhAre virodha karatAM tene gabhilathI apamAnita thavuM paDayuM. gabhilanI e jenethI ja nahi, paraMtu AkhI Arya prajAthI paNa tiraskaraNIya asahA ane anahada anItine ullekha karatAM, jena grantha lakhe che ke, "gabhile sAdhvI. enA madhyamAM najare paDelI sarasvatI sAdhvIne pakaDAvI potAnA aMtapuramAM melI dIdhI." kAmAnya mANaso game tevuM apakRtya karatAM acakAtA nathI ane temAM paNa teo je rAjasattAthI madonmatta hoya te pachI kahevuM ja zuM! gaebhillanuM A apakRtya asAmAjika, anaitika ane adhArmika he janatAmAM apayaza ApanAruM, rAjakAraNamAM hAni pahoMcA DanAruM tathA saMbaMdhIone nIcuM jovarAvanAruM hatuM, ane tethI mahAnubhAva limitra pitAnA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 215 pitA gardabhilanA e apakRtya sAme virodha uThAve e svAbhAvika che. pariNAme, tene pitA taraphathI apamAna thayuM hoya e ghaTI zake che. "prabhAvaritakAra' kahe che ke -"zakasAhio pAMcAla ane lATa dezanA rAjAone jItI avantinA sImADe pahoMcyA hatA. Ane artha e paNa thAya che, kAlakAcAryane bhANeja balamitra kadAca zaka-sAhionI madade na paNa gayo hoya ane taTastha ja rahyo hoya, paraMtu jyAre teNe gardabhilanA rAjyabhraSTa ke mRtyu thayA bAda avantinuM rAjaya zakasAhionA hAthamAM jatuM jANyuM, tyAre teNe avanti parane pitAne vArasAhaka meLavavAnI taiyArI karavA khAtara, pahelAM kahevAmAM AvyuM che tema, te A~rAjAnA pradezamAM cAlyo gayo haze. prabhAvakacaritakAranA kathana para vizeSa AdhAra na rAkhIe athavA temAM rahelI aspaSTatAne laI saMdigdha rahetA hoIe, tyAre ApaNe vadhAre vajanadAra prAcIna grantha zuM kahe che te tarapha dhyAna ApavuM joIe. "nizIthacUrNi' vagere prAcIna granthomAM spaSTa rIte kahevAyuM che ke -"kAlakAcArya gaI bhila sAmenA yuddhamAM zasAhienI sAthe lATanA rAjAo ane anya rAjAone laI gayA hatA. geravAjabI rIte apamAnita thayelo balamitra "guNetha4i032, dAga jAmavADA karajAtinnA, kAda mati zAsana " e nyAye pitAnA pitAnI paNa sAme pitAnuM kSatriyavaTa darzAve che te anucita nathI. ane tethI evI zaMkA karavAnuM kAraNa nathI ke, gardabhilla sAme laDanAro lATa rAjA balamitra tene putra nathI. nIti, dharma ane AbarUne viSama prazna khaDe thAya tyAre sajajanene lehInA saMbaMdha para lakSya ApavuM pAlavatuM nathI. anIcchAe paNa e sabaMdha bAjue muka paDe che. balamitre gaIbhillanuM utthA5na ke uccheda karavAmAM madada karI, paraMtu te pachI je. kA0 ga0 pramANe ujajayinInA takhta para traNa cAra varSo sudhI zakasAhi ja rAjya para rahyo che te parathI spaSTa samajAya che ke, gardabhila pachI tarata ja ujajayinInI gAdI para balamitra Avyo nathI. Ama chatAM "prAkRta kathAvalI" kAra keNa jANe zA AdhArathI lakhe che ke, "sAhirANAoe balamitrane ujajayinInA siMhAsane abhiSikta karyo." saMbhava che ke, gardabhilane ucacheda thayA bAda tarata ja balamitrane ujajayinInI gAdI maLI hoya; paraMtu balavAna zake e alpa balavALA sAdhanahIna tene tyAM sthira thavA dIdho na hoya ane tethI tene Azva tarapha cAlyo jato ane lazkarI taiyArI karato ApaNe sAhityamAM vAMcIe chIe. huM pahelAM jaNAvI gayo chuM ke, Andha tarapha cAlyA gayA bAda tyAM puratI taiyArI karyA pachI, teNe Alba rAjA dvIpi sAtakaNanI madada meLavI zakene harAvyA ane ujajayinInuM Adhipatya meLavyuM tathA Azare 56 ke 17 varSa pUrve thaI gayelA balamitrabhAnumitramAMnA balamitrathI pitAne bhinna oLakhAvavA pitAnuM nAma balamitranA anarthAntara tarIke vikramAditya rAkhyuM. A sarva parathI samajAze ke, balamitrabhAnumitrathI cAlu vikramAditya judI ja vyakti heI, balamitra-bhAnumitra zakAri vikramAditya nathI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya upara karelA vivecana parathI siddha thAya che ke, vikramAdityanI upAdhi dhAraNa karanAra guptavaMzIya candragupta vigere samrATe; tema ja ajhIjha, kaniSka, agnimitra ke koI AndharAjA; athavA te vikramAditya upAdhine dhAraka AndrabhUtya zUdraka, mitraka yazodharmA ke saMprati pachI tarata ja rAjya para AvelA balamitra-bhAnumitra; temane kaI paNa samrATa cAlu vikrama saMvatane pravartaka vikramAditya nathI. cAlu vikama saMvatane pravartaka vikramAditya e ja che ke, je gaEbhilla (gandharvasena)ne putra hoI pahelAM bharUcane zAsaka hata ane pitAnA mAmA kAlakAcA lAvelA zakane, ujajayinInA adhipati potAnA pitA gabhilane zikasta ApI sAdhvIne mukta karAvavAmAM sahAyaka hato tathA pAchaLathI ujajayinImAM Adhipatya bhogavatA zakane tyAMthI dUra karI pite tyAMne adhipati thayo hate. te maurya tiSyaguptanA putra balamitranA pautra gabhilane putra hevAthI mauryuM hatuM tema gabhilavaMzIya paNa hato. pachI te bahuzrute kahe teja satya ane zraddheya heI zake. jenetara ane temane anusaratA keTalAka jaina lekhake, gardabhila (gandharvasena) pachI teNe punarlagnathI lAvelI vidhavA brAhmaNaputrInI AMgaLIe AvelA athavA matAntare pariNIta rANIthI janmelA bhatRharIne ujajayinInA siMhAsana para lAve che, "A bhatRharIe bahu ja udAratAthI dhanane vyaya karatA ane rAjyane khajAne karatA vikramane Thapako ApatAM svamAnazIla te ujjayinI cheDIne cAlyA gaye; pAchaLathI pitAnI atyanta premapAtra 5Ta rANInuM anAcaraNa bhatRharIe jANyuM tyAre teNe virakta thaI rAjapATa choDI dIdhuM ane mansIoe ujayinInI khAlI paDelI gAdI para avanavA lAyaka zamsa sthApana karavA mAMDyA, ane teo jyAre keI "vaitAla" jevI divya zaktithI mRtyu pAmyA tyAre e hakIkatathI vidita vikrama ujjayinI pAcho pharyo. eNe ujajayinInuM siMhAsana saMbhALI lIdhuM ane satva tathA buddhibaLathI vaitAlane vaza karI AjJAMkita banAvyo." bhatRharI pachI vikramAditya gAdI para Avyo te saMbaMdhamAM uparokta lekhake AvI rIte lakhI rahyA che; paraMtu e sarva satya che ke dantakathAothI bheLaseLa thaI ardhasatya che athavA to keInuM kaI jagAe goThavAyeluM heI pAyA vinAnuM che, ene nirNaya kare muzkela che. Ama chatAM sattvazIla e rAjAne "vaitAla' jevI divya zaktinI sahAya hatI e vAta te nakI ja che. | vikramanI vArtAnA lekhake lakhe che ke, balipUjAthI saMtapita vaitAle vikramAdityanuM AyuSya 100 varSa kahyuM hatuM. divya vacana camatkAro para vizvAsa nahi rAkhanArAo kadAca e para AdhAra na rAkhe, paraMtu gaNatarIe paNa e divyakathana satya ja lAge che. jyAre gardabhiluM AdapuramAM rAjya karato hato tyAre teNe Azare 18 varSanI vayanA vikramAdityane bharUca para zAsana karavA nI haze. A pachI gabhi pAMceka varSa AnartamAM ane te pachI 13 varSa ujayinImAM rAjya karatuM hatuM tyAre eTale aDhAreka varSa vikrama ditya bharUca para zAsaka tarIke rahyo. tyAra bAda traNa varSa e AnmAdi pradezamAM yuddhanI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 217 taiyArI karato rahyo ane pachI avaMtine jItI laI tyAM teNe 60 varSa rAjya karyuM. Ama 18+5+13++60=9 varSa thayAM. je zakene amala 3 nA badale 4 varSa gaNIe te 100 varSa thAya. barAbara 100 varSanA ciraMjIvI vikramAditye zakanA hAthamAM jatA rahelA avantideza para vijaya meLavyuM tyAre te 40 varSanI vayane hate. te eka mahAbhAgyazAlI batrIsa lakSaNe puruSa hate. bharUcanA rAjakartA tarIke tenI kArakirdI ghaNI ja sundara ane lAdhya hatI. te pachInA dezATana daramiyAna teNe vividha anukUlatAo ane pratikULatAe jogavatAM bahu bahu anubhava meLavyA hatA. AvA ghaDataranA pariNAme tenAmAM rahelI savabhAvasiddha zreSThatA saMpUrNatayA khIlI UThI hatI. hatuM te eka mATe sattAdhIza; paraMtu na hatI tenAmAM rAjasattAnI leza paNa lAlasA, pitAne paraMparAgata vArasAhaka meLavyA bAda teNe gabhillanA samayamAM jeTalo rAjya vistAra hato tyAM potAnuM prabhutva barAbara sthApI dIdhuM, ane pachI AryarItie rAjyanuM pAlana karavAmAM ja ItikartavyatA mAnate te temAM ja lakSya ApavA lAge, nahi ke lehIthI kharaDAyelI adhikAdhika bhUmino vijaya pUrvaka kabaje karI rAjyane vistAra vadhAravAmAM ane jItAyelI prajAne julamathI tAbedAra rAkhavAmAM. mahAnubhAva e rAjAe potAnA bala parAkramane upaga keInuM damana ke vinAza netaravAmAM na karatAM, kevaLa jagatamAM sukha-zAnti vadhAravAmAM ja karyo hate. ene rAja amala pratApI hatI paNa te prajAnuM sarva rIte rakSaNa karavA purata ja, nahi ke prajA para dhAka besADI tenuM mAnasa dhrujAvavA mATe. A rAjA zakAri kahevAya che te paNa zake prati tenI aritA-zatrutA pitAne thayelA pitAnA rAjyahaka viSenA anyAyane dUra karavA puratI ja hatI, nahi ke zakanA upara julama vartAvI teonuM sarvasva nAza karIne gheranI vasulAta ugharAvavA mATe. gRhasthane chAje tevI manuSyatvanI ucca kakSAmAM rahelA e rAjavInI aMdara keInuM sarvasva nAza karavA jeTalI pAzavavRtti hoya e saMbhavita ja nathI. vyartha vairavRtti nahi rAkhanAra e rAjAe jaina saMskRtithI saMskRta thayelA zaka ke kSaharATa jAtinA lokone paNa potAnA umadA vartanathI zAnta ane anukUla karI lIdhA hoya e banavA joga che. bhAratanI Arya kSatriya jAtinA loke svecchApUrvaka tenA rAjyane ane rAjatvane vadhAvI rahyA hatA. AdhrarAjAnI sAthe baMdhAyelI tenI mitratAnI gaThi ghaNI ja majabUta hatI ane pAchaLathI te Azvapatine jAmAtA banatAM tenI sAthe tene sahakAra-saMbaMdha pUrvanA karatAM ghaNuM ja vadhI paDayo hato. yuddha ke upadrava vinAnuM jIvana jIvavAnI IcchAvALa mahAparAkramI A vikramAditya rAjA anya kaI paNa rAjyanI sAthe athaDAmaNamAM AvavA rAjI na hate. saunI sAthe samAdhAnathI vartavAnI vRttivALA ene evo prasaMga ja AvyuM nathI, ema tenA viSe lakhAyalAM sAdhana parathI lAge che, sivAya ke, te tenA jIvananAM chellAM varSomAM ane mRtyunI lagabhaga AndharAjA sAtavAhana (hAla-zAlivAhana) nI sAthe athaDAmaNamAM Avyo hato ane bharUcamAM laDayo hate. mahArAjA vikramAditya pote parizramI jIvane jIvato hato. tenuM saMgrahastha tarIke aMgata jIvana ghaNuM ja suMdara ane prazaMsanIya hatuM. te vilAsI ke aizaArAmI na hate. 28

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218 avaMtinuM Adhipatya prajAnA kalyANanA mATe AkhI rAtanA satata ujAgarA veThavAmAM paNa AnaMda mAnate te aMdhera pacheDe oDhI nagara carcA nihALavA nIkaLI paDate ane zamazAnAdi zUnya sthaLomAM rakhaData tathA jugArakhAnAM vigere anItinAM piSaka sthAnomAM paNa Tela mArI Avate. vakhate vezapalaTa karIne jyAM tyAM bhaLI jaI prajAne nyAya ApavAnI khAtara satya hakIkta meLavavA paNa te puSkaLa mathatuM. pariNAme, tenA rAjyamAMthI caurI, vyabhicAra, jugAra vigere anIti prAyaH UkhaDI javA pAmI hatI. tenAmAM rahelA apUrva satvanA baLe agnivaitAla vigerenI divya zaktio paNa tene satata madada karI rahI hatI. A zaktione upayoga bahudhA te paropakArArthe ja karate. te game tenA Asvarane sAMbhaLI tenA duHkhane dUra karavA nirbhayapaNe tarata ja tyAM doDI ja. e ene eka vyasana ja hatuM. A vakhate te nIte gaNate madharAta, jaMgala, zamazAna ke pitAnI ekAkitA, ane evA dayA anta karaNanA puNyabaLe ja tenI tarapha "siddha puruSa-sonAnA akhUTa khajAnA rUpa puruSa ghasaDAIne Avyo hato. ene pitAne ene khapa na hatuM. prajAnAM duHkha kApavAmAM ja te tene upayoga karavA Icchate hato. A akhUTa sonAthI ane puNyabaLe prApta aneka nidhAnethI eNe prajAnA hitanAM kAryo karavAmAM niravadhi karI; pRthvIne anRNa (karaja vagaranI) karI; dIna, anAtha, vigerene uddhAra karyo. "e anRNutAnuM kArya karavA mATe teNe pitAnA maMtrIone dezadeza mokalyA hatA. emane eka liMbA nAmane pradhAna vAyaDa (u. gu.) nagaramAM gaye hate. e libAe vikramanA rAjyanA sAtamA varSamAM eTale ma. ni. 417 I. sa. pU. pa0 mAM tyAMnA jIrNazIrNa zrI mahAvIra svAmInA citya (derAsara)ne uddhAra karAvI tenA dhvajadaMDanI pratiSThA jainAcArya zrI jIvadevasUrinA hAthe karAvI." 244 "prabhAvacarita'kAranuM A kathana vikramAdityanI anRNAdi pravRttine eka purAve che tene samarthana karanAra ullekha sAhityamAM ghaNA ya maLI Ave che. AnI viruddhamAM janArI kaI hakIkata ke purA kayAM ya oMdhAya maLI AvatA nathI tethI tene na mAnavAnuM ke tenA para zaMkA lAvavAnuM kAMI kAraNa nathI. prajAne karaja vagaranI karavA sAthe teNe dezamAM vidyA ane saundarya vikasAvavA paNa dravyavyaya pUrvakanA bahu bahu prayatna karyA hatA. teNe dhanaprApti ane sattA prAptinuM dhyeya paramArtha ja banAvyuM hatuM. te sarva jAtinI pitAnI prajAne khUba khUba cahAte hate, tenI prajAvatsalatA apAra hatI. prajA paNa tene kRtajJapaTTAthI tenA karatAM ya vizeSa cahAtI hatI. te tenI chatrachAyA nIce pitAne sarvathA nirbhaya mAnatI hatI. (264) prabhAvaka caritamAMnA chavadevasUrinA caritamAM keTalIka hakIkato evI lakhAyelI che ke, e AcArya vikramAdityanA samakAlIna na hoya ema samajAya che, jyAre traNavimocana viSe jaNAvelI hakIkata kahI rahI che ke e AcArya vikramAdityanA samakAlIna hatA. Ane artha e ja thaI zake che ke, javadevasUri nAmanA be AcArya hoI te bannenI hakIkata eka ja vyaktinA nAme seLabheLa thaI gaI che, ke jevI rIte nigodavyAkhyAtA kAlaka ane gardabhiledaka kAlakanA mATe banyuM che. A viSayanI spaSTatA meM amukAMze mULa lekhamAM paNa AgaLa ja karI che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 219 tenA rAjyanAM tera varSa vItyAM eTalA arasAmAM te te devAMzI puruSa ane prajAnA prANa rUpa gaNAvA lAgyo hate; ane tethI ja prajAe tenA jayAraMbhatho tenA nAma sAthenI varSagaNanA eTale saMvata pravartamAna karI dIdho. arthAt A samaye vikramAdityanA upakAra nIce AvelI prajA taraphathI, kAlagaNanApaddhatiomAMnI eka suprasiddha ane cirasthAyI kAlagaNanApaddhati zarU karAI ke je Aje "vikrama saMvata' tarIke ane "2004nA aMkathI lakhAya che ane aMkAya che. " zrI mahAvIranirvANathI gaNAtI kAlagaNanApaddhati karatAM vikramanA nAme zarU thayelI kAlagaNanApaddhatinuM kSetra vadhAre vizAla banatAM jhAjho samaya lAge nahi. prajAnA sAmAjika jIvananA badhA ya vyavahAramAM tene zIghratAthI sthAna maLyuM, jyAre A samaya daramiyAna ma. ni. thI gaNAtI kAlagaNanApaddhatine Adara kevaLa sAMpradAyika dharmakSetramAM ja thate hato. anyAnya saMvatsaranA pravartakee, bhalene, vikramanA nAmathI zarU thayelA saMvata para AcchAdana nAkhavA ke tene sAva bhUMsI nAkhavA prayatna karyo hoya, paraMtu chevaTe to te amara ja rahyo che, eTaluM ja nahi, balake evA thayelA prayatna ja e mahArAjAnA mahAna vyaktitvanI anupamatA para pitAnI mahera chApa mArI che. upara varNavelA vikramAdityanA AvA vyaktitvane darzAvavA saMkhyAbaMdha udAra dilanA lekhakoe pitAnI lekhinI calAvI che, jemAM eka moTo bhAga jaina lekhakone che. vikramAditya viSe lakhAyelI hakIkatamAM kaMIka matAntara paNa jovAmAM Ave che ane AjakAlanI aitihAsika dRSTie temAM kavacit asaMgatatA paNa darzAvavAmAM Ave che, chatAM temAMthI tAravaNI karatAM sAmAnya rIte samajAya che ke rAjA vikama bIjAnAM duone bhAgavAmAM vIra hovAthI te paraduHkhabhaMjaka vIra vikrama tarIke oLakhAto hato. te bIjAnAM duHkhe bhAgavAmAM nirbhayatAthI pitAnI jAtane samarpavA sadA tatpara rahetA. pitAnI prajAne nyAya ApavAmAM te bhAre cIvaTa rAkho. game tevA prasaMgomAM paNa te samatolapaNuM sAcavI rAkhato. nyAya meLavavA sau koI tenI mulAkAta game tyAre sukhethI laI zakatAM hatAM. te vizvAsapAtra saMyamI hovAthI keIpaNu-strI suddhAM tenI pAse javAmAM saMkeca na anubhavatAM. ujajayinInA takhta Avyo te pUrve-bharUcamAM zAsana karato hato tyAre zarUAtamAM, A balamitra nAmathI prasiddha rAjA bahudhA bauddhabhakta haI pAchaLathI Arya khapUTAdi jainAcAryonA ane jaina dharmanA umadA siddhAntanA paricayamAM Avyo hato, paraMtu tenA ujajayinInI gAdI para AvyA pachI vaidika zivasaMpradAya tarapha paNa tenI bhAre sahAnubhUti heya, ema ApaNane jANavA maLe che. prajAnA prANarUpa evA te rAjAnI AvI nIti rIti tene udAra mahAnubhAva mAnasane AbhArI hatI. AvA mAnasane laI te, "mahAkAla" nAmanuM jainatya ke jene keTalAka samayathI jimRtinA upara zivaliMga sthApana karavA pUrvaka zivAlaya tarIke parivartita kara

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220 avaMtinuM Adhipatya vAmAM AvyuM hatuM, tenI aMdaranA zivaliMganuM thaI raheluM apamAna sahana karI zakyo nahi; paraMtu avadhUta vezamAM rahelA e apamAna karanAra zrI siddhasena divAkaranA AtmabaLathI AkarSAI temanI pAse AvatAM, jyAre aMdarane bheda phUTI jaI tene samajAyuM ke, "mahAkAlanuM caitya avantisukamAlanA mRtyu.-mahAkAlanA sthaLe tenA putra taraphathI baMdhAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ane temAM avanti nAmathI viziSTa zrI pArzvanAthanI bhavya pratimA padharAvavAmAM AvI hatI, ke jenA para samaya vItatAM balavAna dharmAnyatAe zivaliMganuM AcchAdana karyuM hatuM. tyAre te uparokta AcAryanA caraNamAM paDyo ane teNe dhArmika satya samajavA AcAryazrIne vijJapti karI. AcAryo tenAmAM paDelA jUnA jaina saMskAra savizeSa jAgRta karyA ane te ekavAra pharIthI vizeSajJa ane sudaDha jaina zramaNopAsaka banyuM. teNe eka moTo saMgha kADhI jainadharmanA eka mukhya tIrtha zatruMjayanI yAtrA karI-karAvI, ane tyAM jIrNodhdhArAdi aneka dhArmika kAryo karyA. jaina gaLyomAM eNe kADhelA meTA saMghanuM vistRta varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. te jainadharmamAM game teTalo custa hato te paNa teNe svapnamAM ya dhandhatAne na sevI hatI. vaidikAdi janatA taraphathI karAtAM vedavihitAdi pavitra dhArmika kAryomAM paNa tenI sahAnubhUti rahetI. keI paNa jAtanA bhinnabhAva vagara sarvane sarakhe ja rAjyAzraya Ape evI tenI udAra bhAvanA kyAre ya apavAdane dhAraNa karatI na hatI. ene viveka kadI paNa paranI niMdA ke parAbhavamAM paDI palaTAya te na ho, ane tethI tenI prajA paNa dhArmika vivAda ke dharmAnyatAthI bahudhA bacI gaI hatI. pariNAme, te sukhazAnti ane AnaMda chavane bhogavavA bhAgyazALI banI hatI. tenI prajAnA prema ane AzirvAdathI te amara thaye, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu tenI pachI thayelA keTalAka mahAna samrAToe tenA vikramAditya nAmane biruda tarIke pitAnA nAmanI sAthe joDI devAmAM pitAnuM gaurava mAnyuM ane teo tenI bIjI paNa khAsIyatanuM anukaraNa karavA banI zake tyAM sudhI lalacAyA. bhinna bhinna bhASAmAM lakhAyelI vikamanI kathAomAM 265 tenA sAhasa, satva ane dheya viSe puSkaLa lakhavAmAM AvyuM che, ane temAM camatkArika divya ghaTanAonuM paNa varNana maLI Ave che. tenuM siMhAsana ane paMcadaMDanuM chatra, e paNa divya prabhAvathI bharelAM hatAM ema tenI kathAnA lekhake kahe che. sarvasaMmata thavA mATe e divyazaktione artha ApaNe evI rIte karI zakIe ke, vikramAditya bhAre prabhAvazALI ane tenA samayanI (265) vikramAdityanA viSe saLaMga ane aeka aeka jaina jainetara lekhakoe je lakhyuM che te ghaNuMkharuM vikramanI teramI sadInA uttarArdha pachInuM ja che. e vizAla sAhityanI noMdha, pro, zrIyuta. hI. 2. kApaDIyAe ane zrIyuta agaracaMdajI nAhaTAe jaina satya prakAzanA vikrama-vizeSAMkamAM temaNe lakhelA lekhomAM sAmAnyataH lIdhI che, te parathI jijJAsuo jaNI zakaze ke vikramAditya sAthe jainadharmane keTaluM lAgatuM vaLagatuM che. A sAhityamAM keTaluMka laukika daMtakathAmAMthI utarI AveluM haze enI nA nathI, paNa temAM ghaNuM ya aitihAsika tathya paNa raheluM che ja. bahu ja vivekapUrvaka AnI chaNAvaTa thavAnI jarUrIyAta che.

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ava'tinu Adhipatya 1 prajAnA antaramAM UMcu ane UMDuM sthAna pAmeaA prajApAla sattvazIla rAjavI hatA ane tenA yazanA pratidhvani sadIonA lAMkhA kALa sudhI saMbhaLAtA rahyo hatA. bhAre khedyanI vAta che ke, vikramAdityanA samayanAM athavA te pachInA najadIkanA samayanAM ullekhita sAdhanA Aje bIlakula maLI zakatAM nathI. Ama chatAM paraMparAnA AdhAre lakhAyaluM je kAMI sAhitya maLI Ave che te parathI paraspara aviruddha ghaTanA AnA meLa meLavI amuka khAkhatAnA nizcaya karI zakAya tema che. alakhatta, e nizcayathI ApaNe e ghaTanAenI cAkkasa sAlavArI goThavI zakIe tema nathI tethI ghaTanAkrama jANI zakIe nahi. kAI paNa caritranA lekhakane ane tyAM sudhI peAtAnA AlekhanamAM ghaTanAkrama rAkhave ja paDe; paraMtu vikrama viSenA AlekhanamAM tenA lekhakothI ghaTanAkrama sacavAye che ke kema e eka prazna che. A praznane sIdhA javAba maLateA nathI; paraMtu tene ADa katarI rIte ehevatto javAba te samayanI jainadharmane lagatI keTalIka noMdhAyalI vigata parathI maLI zake tema che tethI ApaNe te tarapha vaLavuM joie. vikramAditya ma, ni. 410-i. sa. pU. 57 vaSaeN ujjayinInA takhta para Avye tyAre A zAMDilya yugapradhAnapade hatA. 266 emanA yugapradhAnatvakAlamAM samartha vidyA (266) ma. ni. nI cothI sadImAM mAthurIvAcanA pramANe bakSisaMha, svAti, zyAmA ane sAMDitya e yugapradhAneAnu' astitva manAyu' che. vAlamIvAyanA akSisaD ane ravAtinA sthAne guNasuMdarane yugapradhAna tarIke nAMdhI zyAmA ane sAMDiya ( kAlakAcArya ane kadiAcAya ) nI noMdha le che. yuga pradhAna paTTAvalImAM vAlabhIvAcanAnugata yugapradhAnane gA'sthAdipoMya AvI rIte noMdhAye cheH - vAlabhI- nAma gAI styaparyAya yugapradhAna * va 11 A+ guNusuMdara | 24 12 Arya kAlakAcArya 20 13 AryaskaMdilAcArya 22 ma. ni. saM. varSI (235-259) 32 (280-300) 35 (296-318) 58 zrAmaNyaparyAya yugapradhAnatvaparyAya sarvAyu ma. ni. saM. varSAM ma. ni. sa. va ma. ni. sa. (259-291) 44 (291-335) 100 (235-335) (300-335) 31 (335-376) 96 (280-36) (318376) 38 (376-414) 118 (296-314) dI jIvI Aya zAMDilya e zyAma (12-Aya" kAlakAcA` ) nA ziSya hatA ema tapAgaccha paTTAvalImAM zrI dharmasAgarajI upAdhyAya ane himavaMtatherAvalImAM AyA himata lakhe che, jyAre prabhAvacaritakAra vRddhavAdisUricaritamAM skendilAyAnA nAma nIce temanI oLakha ApatAM lakhe che ke, teo vidyAdharAsnAyanA ane pAdaliptapulanA hatA. A traNe ullekhA AvI rIte che :~~ "" ' tacchiSyaH zyAmAcAryaH prajJApanAkRt / zrIvIrAt SaTsaptatyadhikazatatraye 376 svargabhAk // tacchiSyaH sAMDilyo jItamaryAdAkRditi naMdisthavira lyAmuktamasti / " tapAgacchapaTTAvalI gA. 4. TIkA zyAmArthaziSyAH sthavirAH zANDilyAcAryAH zrutasAgarapAragA abhavan / "" hima, gherA, pR. 9 ( mudrita ) " AniAto'rinAro, kenAlamane sarvazrutAnuyogadu-va yudghanAg: dhI 66

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222 avaMtinuM Adhipatya siddha AryakhapuTAcArya ane jatiSanimittavettA kAlakAcArya nAmanA sUrivAro vidyamAna hatA. ma. ni. 376-I. sa. pU. 91 varSe yugapradhAnapade AvanAra A zAMDilyanA ziSya vRddhavAdI ane e vRddhavAdIne ziSya siddhasena divAkaranA saMbaMdhamAM jainagraMthe AvI rIte lakhe che - kviAdharavarAmnAye, cintAmaNiriveSTadaH / bhAsIcchrIskandilAcAryaH, pAdaliptaprabhoH kule // 5 // prabhAvaka carita-vRddhavAdirivarita (siM. je. graMthamAlA) pR. 54 himavadAcArya himavaMtarAvalImAM potAnI pUrve thayelA najIkanA yugapradhAna skaMdilAcArya viSe AvI rIte lakhe che : xx x siMhAlA sivA amArA re 4 vAkSIvidArANodakSitA samavana ! teSAmAryasiMhAnA sthavirANAM madhumitrA''ryaskaMdilAcArthanAmAnau dvau ziSyAvabhUtAm / xxxx AryaskaMdilAcAryasambandhazcaivam-uttaramathurAyAM megharathAmidhaH paramaH zramaNopAsako jinAmA pratipAlako dvijo'bhavat / tasya rUpasenA'midhA suzIlA bhAyau''sIt / tayoH somarathAbhidhaH somasvapnasUcitaH suto babhUva / athaikadA te brahmadvIpikazAkhopalakSitAH siMhAcAryA vihAraM kuvantaH krameNottaramathurodyAne samAgatAH / teSAM dharmadezanAM nizamya jAtaka romathena vArSi hIrAma " hima therA5. 9, 10, (mudrita) upara ApelA himavaMta therAvalInA ulekhane abhiprAya e che ke, brahmadIpika zAkhAthI upalakSita AyasiMharie uttara mathurAnA udyAne vicaratAM tyAMnA zrAvaka medhAthanA rUpasenA strIthI janmela putra samarathane dharmane upadeza karatAM teNe vairAgyathI cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM hatuM. A ullekha pachI kaMdilAcAryanI mAdhurIvAcanAno prasaMga lakhavAmAM Avyo che te parathI sUcita thAya che ke, A samaratha mAdhurI vAcanAnA pravartaka sakaMdilAcArya hatA. naMdi sthavirAvalI, ke je mAtharIvAcanAnusAriNI yugapradhAna padAvalI che, temAM uparokta himavata rAvalIthI nirdiSTa skaMdilAcArya e 25 mA yugapradhAna che. teo susthita-supratibaddhathI nIkaLelA koMTika gaNunA ane AryasiMhagirinA ziSya Aryasamita (ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadInA Azare chellA caraNamAM dIkSita ane Arya vajanA mAmA) thI acalapura nikaTanA brahmadIpamAMthI nIkaLelI brahmaddIpikA zAkhAnA hatA. teone yugapradhAnatvakAla hi0 tha0 pramANe ma. ni. 823-972 sudhI hatA, jyAre vA vA praka mani. 827-875 ane mA vApramAni. 813-982 sudhI Ave che. teo tatvArtha mahAbhASya ane AcArAMgAdi vivaraNanA rtA siddhasena gahastinA kAkA guru ane gabdhahastinA guru madhumitranA laghu gurubadhu hatA prabhAvakayaritakAra, je kaMdilAcAryane vidyAdharAsnAyanA, pAdaliptakulanA ane siddhasenanA guru vRddhavAdinA guru tarIke lakhe che teo brahmaThIpika skaMdilathI bhinna heI kharI rIte temanuM nAma skaMdila nahi, paNa zAMDilya che ke jeo naMdi sthavirAvalInA 14 mAM ane valabhI sthavirAvalInA 13 mA yugapradhAna che ane sarvazrutAnuyogane pallavita karavAmAM meghasamAna che. Ama bahmadIpika skaMdilathI vidyAdharAsnAyanA zAMDilya e bhinna hei, teo pAdaliptakulanA eTale pAdaliptarinA saMtAno che. ma. ni. nI cothI sadIthI pUrve thaI gayelA e pAdaliptasUri viSe

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 13 zrI zADiye gauDadezanI kezalAnA rahIza mukunda nAmanA brAhmaNane dIkSA ApI hatI. A mukundamunie bharUcanI mAlikera vasatimAM rahetAM sarasvatInuM ArAdhana karI, pitAnA UMca svare paDana karAtA abhyAsa prati TeNo mAranArAone AzcaryamAM garakAva kare evI rIte muzala-sAMbelu phulAvyuM hatuM. prasanna thayelI sarasvatInA varadAnathI teo ajeya-keIthI paNa na chatAya evA vAdI banyA hatA. A pachI emane AcAryapatra ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. teo "vRddha" ane "vAdI" hovAthI temanI prasiddhi vRddhavAdI tarIke ja thaI. emaNe vidyAthI garviSTa eka siddhasena nAme prasiddha thayelA brAhmaNane vAdamAM harAvatAM te temane ziSya thaze. vRddhavAdIe enuM muni paNAnuM nAma "kumudacandra' rAkhyuM hatuM. mahAbuddhizALI vidvAna kumudacandra a5 samayamAM ja sarva jaina Aga. mone ane tenA siddhAntane abhyAsa-paricaya karI lIdhuM ane gurue temane AcArya padavI ApI gacchane bhAra soMpyo." 27 | ma. ni. 44-I. sa. pU. 53 varSe Arya zAMDilyanA svargavAsa thayA bAda zrI vRddhavAdI ujajayinIe gayA hatA eTale siddhasenanI ke kumudacandranI dIkSA paNa e ja samaye thaI haze. saMbhava che ke, kumudacandrane AcArya pada tyAra bAda be varSe eTale ma. ni. 416-I. sa. pU. 51 varSe apAyuM haze. kemake, AcArya pada pAmyA pachI ja temane vikramAditya sAthe bheTo thayA hatA ane tene pRthvI anaNa karavAnuM temaNe sUcana karyuM hatuM. e sUcana, vikramAditye pitAnA rAjyanA sAtamA varSe liMbA nAmanA matrIne vAyaDa mokalyo tenI pUrvenuM hatuM. siddhasena ane vikramAdityanA melApane e prathama prasaMga jene sAhityamAM AvA prakAre lakhAya che - zrIsiddhasenasUri eka vakhate bAhyabhUmikAe jatA hatA tevAmAM vikramAditya rAjAnI draSTi temanA para paDatAM e rAjAe tarata ja siddhasenane manathI namaskAra karyo. evI rIte karelA namaskArane jANI laI siddhasene e rAjAnA prati "dharmalAbha" zabda uccAryo. vagara praNAme dharmalAbha kene devAmAM Ave che evA vikramAditye karelA praznane khulAso karatAM AcAryazrIe kahyuM ke, "tame mane manathI namaskAra karyo tenA aMge tamane kAMI paNa jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI. tapAgaccha paTTAbhimAM zaMDiyane spAmArthanA ziSya kahevAmAM Ave che. paNa teo zyAmAnA dIkSA ziSya nahi paNa vAcanAziSya hovA saMbhava che. emanA dIkSAguru to pAdalipta ke temanI ziSya saMtatimAM kaI hovA joIe. pAdalipta e nAma guNa niSpanna hoI temanuM mULa nAma kAlakAcArya ( guNasuMdara sUrinA ziSya vidyAsiddha kAlakAcArya) kadAca hoya te nA nahi, je kAlakAcAryanA vidyAziSya vRddhavAdI hatA. (267) prabhAvaritamAMnA vRddhavAdisaMricarita vigeremAMthI vRddhavAdi ane siddhasena saMbaMdhI ullekhane saMkSipta karI ahiM anavarTeDa komAmAM lakhyA che. te mATe juo - pramAvarita pR. 54 thI 61 (si. je. graMthamAlA, tathA pra, ca, bhASAMtara pR. 9-11 ( AtmAnaMda sabhA. bhAvanagara)

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224 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ja dharmalAbhanI AziSa ApavAmAM AvI che. zrIsiddhasenanI AvI viziSTa jJAnazaktine jANI vikrama rAjA Azcarya pAmyA. guru taraphathI "sarvajJaputra" evu biruda temane maLeluM che e yathArtha che ema vikramAdityane lAgyuM ane teNe AcAryane eka karoDa senaiyA ApavAne hukama karyo. pite sarvathA niSparigrahI heI pitAne ApavA mAMDelA dravyane svIkArI zake nahi ema kahI, AcAryo e apAtA dravyane vyaya duniyAne anuNa karavAmAM vAparavAnuM sUcana karyuM, ane te pachI vikamAditye pRthvIne anRNa karavAnA kAryanI zarUAta karI." 268 pRthvIne anRNa karavA mATe vikamAditye pitAnA mantrIone dezadeza mokalyA hatA, temane eka liMbA nAmane pradhAna "vAyaDa AvyuM hatuM ane teNe vikamanA rAjyanA sAtamA varSamAM eTale ma. ni. 417 mAM zrIjIvadevasUrinA haste tyAMnA zrImahAvIra jinamaMdiranAM ivajapratiSThAdi kArya karAvyAM hatAM." prabhAvaritakAranA kathanAnusAra AvA prakAranI hakIkata huM pahelAM TAMkI ga chuM. vikramAdityanI anRNa pravRttino te eka purAve che evuM paNa sUcana tyAM huM karI gaye chuM; paraMtu keTalAke A samaye jIvadevasUrinuM astitva hevAne ja InkAra kare che. teo kahe che ke, prabhAvakacaritamAM jIdevasUrinuM carita lakhatAM zrIprabhAcandrasUrie kAnyakujanA rAjAnI putrInA prasaMgamAM ane vAyaDanA brAhmaNa tathA jenonI vacce samAdhAna thayAnA saMbaMdhamAM je hakIkata raju karI che te parathI chavadevasUrine samaya jaNAvavAmAM Ave che teTalo vahele na ho joIe. e samaya caityavAsanI jamAvaTa thayA pachI eTale vikramAdityathI 500, 600 varSa pachIne heve joIe. "chavadevasUri pahelAM digambara sAdhu hatA. evI caritamAM lakhAyelI hakIkata paNa temane vikamanA rAjyAraMbhathI eka sadI karatAM ya vadhAre cheTe laI jAya che. kemake kaI paNa mate te pahelAM jainadharmamAM vetAmbara-digambara je zAkhA vibhAga hatuM ja nahi, ane tethI A rIte paNa vikramAdityanA samayamAM jIvadevasUrinuM astitva heI zake nahi ema, e keTalAke kahI rahyA che. kharekhara, temanuM e kathana vicAraNIya che ane tethI prabhAvaritakAre noMdhelI sAmayika vidhavALI hakIktane viveka kara joIe. (26) dharmalAbha iti prokta dUrAduddhRtapANaye / jUthe risenA, ra jo inarAdhA ne kada II prabhAvakayarita-vRddhavAdisaricarita pR. 56 (si. je. graMthamAlA) vikramAditya siddhasenane eka koDa dravya ApyuM e A zlekamAM ullekha che. A dravyane upayoga duHkhi-kharAba sthitinA jaina ane jena caityonA uddhAra karavA mATe sAdhAraNa bhaMDAra tarIke rakhAyo hato ema te pachInA zlokamAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. A eka matAMtara che. mane lAge che ke, zrI siddhasene potAnA vikramAditya sAthe A prathamika samAgama samaye e dravyane sAMpradAyika upayoga na karatAM sArvajanika upayoga ja karavAnuM vadhAre ucita dhAyuM" haze, ane tethI meM evI ja rIte hakIkata lakhI che

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 225 kaI kaI vakhate banavA pAmyuM che tema, bhinna bhinna samaye thayelA samAna nAmavALA AcAryonI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhatI hakIkato badhI ya ekAda kaI AcAryanA nAme caDI gaI hoya te, evA prasaMge kevaLa e avyavasthita neMdhAyelI hakIkate parathI ja nahi, paraMtu bIjA paNa nizcita sAdhanothI e hakIkatanA nAyakone-AcAryone ane temanA samayane vivekapUrvaka nirNaya kare joIe. jyAM sudhI evI rIte nirNaya na thAya tyAM sudhI, pAchaLanA te ja nAmanA AcAryanI sAthe saMbaMdhavALI hakIkate pUrve thaI gayelA AcAryanI sAthe joDAyelI vAMcatAM te prAcIna AcAryane arvAcIna TharAvavA mathavuM athavA e prAcIna AcAryane arvAcIna TharAvI temanI sAthe joDAyelI hakIkatane zaMkAspada karAvavA mathavuM e sarvathA anucita che. evI ja rIte, jIvadevasUri nAmanA ghaNA AcAryo thaI gayelA hatAM, prabhAvaritakAre zrIjIvadevasUrinA saMbaMdhamAM lakhelI hakIkatamAMnI kaI hakIkata, je nizcita pramANathI temanI sAthe sAmayika meLa na khAtI hoya te, te hakIkatane saMbaMdha keI pAchaLathI thayelA anya jIvadevasUrinI sAthe ghaTAva joIe; paraMtu tema na karatAM te hakIkata parathI vikramAdityanA rAjyanA sAtamA varSamAM banelI hakIkta, ke je te samaye vidyamAna jIvadevasUri ane vikramAdityanA mandI liMbA sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che, tene InkAra karavo e paNa anucita che. vikramAdityanI jema zrIjIvadevasUrinuM mastaka eka kapAla hatuM, tene meLavavAnI IcchA rAkhanAra yogIne lagatI hakIkata tathA liMbA maMtrIe karAvelAM ivajapratiSThAdi saMbaMdhI hakIkata e vikamanA samayamAM vidyamAna jIvadevasUrinA saMbaMdhamAM hoya ane lalazreSThI tathA vAyaDanA brAhmaNonA saMbaMdhavALI hakIkta koI pAchaLanA chavadevasUrine lagatI hoya, ema mAnavAmAM mane kaI virodha jaNAto nathI. vikramAdityanuM zrI siddhasenasUrine eka karoDa senaiyAnuM dAna ane tenI prajAnuM traNa cukavavAnI pravRtti vigerethI spaSTa samajAya che ke, te vakhate e rAjAnI Arthika sthiti game te kAraNane laI vadhAre majabUta hevI joIe. saMbhava che ke, A samaya pahelAM ja tene "varNapuruSanI prApti thaI haze. pRthvIne anuNa karavAnI sAthe bIjI paNa aneka sAmAjika tathA dhArmika pravRtti AcarI temAM paNa e rAjAe ghaNA dravyane vyaya karyo haze. lagabhaga cha sAta varSa sudhI satata cAlu rahelI vikramAdityanI AvI AvI udAra pravRttionA aMte tenI prajAe tenA rAjyanI zarUAtanA varSathI samayagaNanA karavAnIsaMvata lakhavAnI zarUAta karI hatI, arthAta; vikramAdityanA rAjyAraMbhathI 13 varSe eTale ma. ni. thI 423 varSe vikrama saMvatane tenA rAjyAraMbhanA varSanI gaNatarIthI vyavahAramAM vahete karyo hate. vatsaranuM varSa ane vatsaranI pravRttinuM varSa enI vacce 13 varSanuM aMtara che. chUTaka gAthAomAM "terazAsetu tharapavitta e caraNane artha vikramanA rAjyathI "tera varSe saMvata cAlyo" ema nahi, paraMtu tera varSe rAjyAraMbhanI gaNatarIthI saMvata vyavahAramAM vahete karAya" ema ja thAya che.

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226 avaMtinuM Adhipatya vikamAdityane pRthvI anRNa karavAnuM sUcana karanArA suprasiddha jainAcArya zrI siddhasenadivAkarane pUrvAzrama, temane dIkSA levAne hetu, temanI vikamAditya sAthe prathama mulAkAtane prasaMga, te pachInI temanI pravRtti ane AcAragata zithilate tathA pramAdadazAne tyAga, jenAgamanI bhASA saMbaMdhI temanI avagaNanA ane temane maLeluM prAyazcitta, temanAthI thayelI mahAkAlatIrthane ane vikramAdityane jainatvanI prApti, temanAthI karAvAyaluM kArapuranA jainatyanuM nirmANa ane bharUcanA dhanaMjaya rAjAne temaNe karelI sahAya, A pachI dakSiNA pathano vihAra ane svargavAsa, vigere hakIktone jaNAvatA aneka ulekhe jainagraMthamAM maLI Ave che, tene bhAvArtha A pramANe che - "zrI siddhasenanuM gotra kAtyAyana hatuM. temanA pitA devarSi e ujajayinInA rAjA vikramAdityanA purohita hatA. temanI mAtAnuM nAma devazrI hatuM. temaNe karNATaka sudhInA vAdIo para vijaya meLavyuM hatuM ane eka mahAna vAdI tarIkenI pratiSThA prApta karI hatI. vAdamAM hArI jatAM emaNe vRddhavAdInI pAse dIkSA aMgIkAra karI hatI. emanI bahena siddhazrIe paNa cAritra aMgIkAra karyuM hatuM." ( A pachI siddhasenanI vikramAditya sAthe pahela vahelI mulAkAta thaI te saMbaMdhI hakIktane ullekha huM pUrve dhI cukyo chuM tethI tene choDI daI, te pachInA jena ulekhene bhAvArtha nedhuM chuM) A pachI (vikramAditya sAthe prathama mulAkAta pachI) zrI siddhasenasUri "citrakUTa tarapha vihAra karI gayA hatA. temane tyAM svarNasiddhinI ane sarSa pa (sarasava) thI ghaDA vigere banAvavAnI, ema be vidyAo prApta thaI hatI. citrakUTamAM auSadhiothI banela eka pilo staMbha hatuM te siddhasenasUrijInA jovAmAM AvyuM. A staMbhamAM siddha vidyAnAM pustake hatAM. siddhasene pitAnA buddhibaLathI e thAMbhalAmAMnI auSadhio jANI laI, tenI viruddha auSadhiothI temAM chidra pADayuM ane temAMnA eka pustakamAMthI uparokta be vidyAo jANI lIdhI, paraMtu A pachI tarata ja zAsanadevIe, tevI pUrvagata vidyAonA abhyAsanI havenA jIvanI ayogyatA joI, temane e pustakonA avalokanamAM AgaLa vadhatA aTakAvyA." - "A pachI uparokta bane vidyAthI yukta AcArya siddhasena pUrvadezamAM karmAnagara gayA. tyAM devapAla nAme rAjA rAjya karato hate. sUrijIe e rAjAne upadeza karI anurAgI banAvyuM. e rAjAnA AgrahathI AcArya ahiM rahyA hatA tevAmAM kAma dezane rAjA vijayavarmA moTI senA sAthe devapAla para caDhI Avyo. AnI sAme TakI zakavA puratuM dravya ane sainya pitAnI pAse na hovAnI vAta devapAle siddhasenane karI te parathI siddha sene suvarNasiddhithI dravya ane sarSa pagathI sainya sarjAvI tene sahAya karI. devapAle (269) siddhasenAcArye yoniprAbhRtAdi vaDe ghoDA banAvyA hatA e ulekha nizIthacUrNikAre paNa karyo che te AvA prasaMgonuM ja sUcaka hevuM joIe. A rahyo te cUrNine pATha

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. 227 e madadathI vijayavarmA para vijaya meLavyuM ane pitAne AvI paDelI AphatanA adhakAramAMthI bacAvyo tethI teNe zrI siddhasenasUrine 'divAkarInA birudathI sanmAnita karyA, eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu temane AgrahapUrvaka pAlakhI vigere paNa arpaNa karyA. temane karAyelA AvA gauravathI teo Rddhi Adi gaurava vigerenA pramAdamAM paDI gayA. zrI vRddhavAdI temanI AvI sthitine sAMbhaLatAM karanagare gayA ane temaNe yuktipUrvaka temanI pramAdadazAnuM temane bhAna karAvyuM. gurue jAgRta AtmAne prAyazcittathI zuddha karyo. A pachI vRddhavAdI svargastha thayA hatA." (kammaranagaranA rAjA devapAle kumudacandrasUrine "siddhasena divAkara'nuM biruda ApyuM hatuM ke kumudacandramunine AcArya pada ApatI vakhate gurue temane siddhasenasUri tarIke jAhera karAyelA hoI, e rAjAe zrIsiddhasenasUrine phakta "divAkaranuM ja biruda ApyuM hatuM, e huM spaSTa samajI zakyo nathI; tevI ja rIte sAdhananA abhAve ane matAntara hevAnA kAraNe e paNa spaSTa samajI zakAtuM nathI ke, zrIvRddhavAdI karmAnA prasaMga pachI tarata ja svargastha thayA hatA ke zrI siddhasenasUrine bharUcamAM pArasaMcita prAyazcitta apAyA bAda kAlAntare svargastha thayA hatA.) zrIsiddhasenadivAkare ekavAra mULa jaina Agamane prAkRta bhASAmAMthI saMskRta bhASAmAM pheravI nAkhavAne vicAra darzAvyo hato. A vicAra prAkRtamAM Agama racanArA mahApuru. nA apamAna rUpa hatuM tethI temane bhAre Thapake devAmAM Avyo tyAre kSamA mAgI ne thayelA aparAdha mATe zrIzramaNa saMgha je pAyazcitta Ape te karavA temaNe kabUlyuM. zrIsaMghe temane pArAcita nAmanuM prAyazcitta AvuM. bAra varSa sudhI eNnaliMga-jaina sAdhune ne vaza tyAga kare ane jainazAsananI kaI moTI prabhAvanA-unnati kare tyAre e prAyazcitta pUrNa thAya, evA e prAyazcittane zrIsaMghanI AjJAthI svIkArI zrIsiddhasene sAta varSa sudhI avadhUta veze jayAM tyAM bhramaNa karyuM ane teo pharatA pharatA ujajayinImAM AvyA. ahiM mahAkAlanA-kuiMgezvaranA maMdiramAM zivaliMgane apamAna thAya tevI rIte teo liMga tarapha pitAnA paga pasArIne sUtA. A hakIkata vikramAdityanA jANavAmAM AvatAM teNe A avadhUtane baLathI dUra karavAno hukama karyo. temane phaTakAravAmAM AvyA; paraMtu siddhasenane mAravAmAM AvelA mAranI asara temane na thatI ane pitAnA aMtaHpurane thatI jANI camatkAra pAmela vikramAditya pite mahAkAlanA mandire Avyo. teNe siddhasenane mahAkAla zivanuM apamAna na karatAM temanI stuti karavAne kahyuM. pote karelI stuti A ziva sahana karI zakaze nahi, ema siddhasene kahyA chatAM paNa, jyAre vikramAditye Agraha karyo tyAre temaNe suprasiddha evA "jA 0i ' nAmanA tetrathI stavanA AraMbhI. e stotranA ___ " athavA tisu Aille su NitvattaNAdhikaraNaM tattha ogaliye egidiyAdi paMcavidhaM taM koLI jAti kA rirAthauiLa arasA vAtA" ni. cu. u. 4.

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228 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. teramA ke agIAramA kAvyane bolatAM zivaliMga phATayuM ane temAMthI dhUmrajavAlA-dhumADA sAthenI javALAo nikaLavA pUrvaka zrI pArzvanAthanI pratimA pragaTa thaI. (huM pahelAM kahI gayo chuM tema) A tIrtha asala jenenuM ja hatuM ane siddhasenanA prayatnathI te pAchuM jainenuM thayuM. A pachI vikramAditya siddhasenanA upadezathI custa jaina banyo ane teNe saMghayAtrAdi dhArmika kAryo karyA. guptalige ane duSkara tapa Adie karAtA pAracita prAyazcittanI bAra varSanI avadhimAMthI A samaye sAta varSa vItyAM hatAM, paraMtu zAsananI mahAna prabhAvanA karavAnA kAraNe. jo ke haju e prAyazcittanAM pAMca varSa bAkI rahyAM hatAM te paNa zrIsaMghe temane-zrIsiddhasenasUrine garachamAM laI lIdhA." ("zrIsiddhasenasUri mATe prAyazcittane prasaMga teo jyAre bharUcamAM hatA tyAre upasthita thayo hato ane te vakhate vRddhavAdI hayAta hatA temaNe e prAyazcitta ApyuM hatuM." ema keTalAka kahe che, jyAre keTalAkanuM kahevuM ema che ke, "te vakhate vRddhavAdI svargastha thayA hatA ane zrIsaMghe siddhasenane prAyazcitta ApyuM hatuM." zrIsaMghe-zrIzramaNa saMghe prAyazcitta ApyuM e eka matAntara che. prAyazcitta ApanAra e zramaNa saMghamAM kayA AcArya AgevAna hatA emanuM nAma kaI lekhake jaNAvyuM nathI. A samayamAM mAdhurI vAcanA pramANe Arya samudrasUri yugapradhAna hatA, jyAre vAlIvAcanA pramANe Arya zivatimitra yugapradhAna manAtA hatA. e bannene yugapradhAnatvakAla ma. ni. 414 thI 450 sudhIne che. je A samaye vRddhavAdI hayAta na hoya te, e be yugapradhAnemAMthI kaI eke siddhasenane prAyazcitta ApavAmAM AgevAnI lIdhI hoya athavA te emanI game te kAraNe gerahAjarImAM keI anya ja AcArya zrIsaMghanI AgevAnI lIdhI hoya ane zrIsiddhasenane prAyazcitta ApyuM hoya, paraMtu A saMbaMdhamAM kaI paNa jAtanA spaSTa ulalekhanA abhAve amuka nizcaya para ApaNe AvI zakIe tema nathI. kadAca, vRddhavAdI hayAta hoya te, saMbhava che ke, temaNe AgevAnI lIdhI hoya ne prAyazcitta ApyuM hoya. siddhasenAcArye citrakUTamAM, te pachInA vihAramAM ne karanagaramAM keTalo samaya vItAvyo hatuM, tene ullekha na maLI zakavAne laI teo bharUcamAM kyAre AvyA ane uparokta prAyazcittano prasaMga bane, enuM ma. ni. gata varSe cokkasa rIte darzAvI zakAya tema nathI. bAkI, e prAyazcittanA prasaMga pachI sAta varSa vItyA bAda teo ujajayinImAM hatA e te mahAkAlamaMdiranA saMbaMdhamAM banelI ghaTanAthI spaSTa thAya che. saMbhava che ke, A pachI temaNe keTaloka kAla ujajayinI, kArapura vigeremAM vItAvyA hoya.) eka vakhate zrIsiddhasenasUri cAra zloka sAthe vikramAdityanI mulAkAte gayA hatA. tyAre pitAnA varNanAtmaka e cAra kone judI judI dizAmAM mukha pheravavApUrvaka sAMbhaLate vikramAditya AcAryazrInI adabhuta kavitvazaktithI raMjita thaI temane rAjya ApavA mAMDe che, paraMtu nispRha teo tene asvIkAra kare che tyAre, e rAjAne temanA para atyaMta Adara thAya che ane te temane pitAnI rAjasabhAna eka paMDitaratna tarIke

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ava'tinu Adhipatya, 229 mahAna sanmAna Ape che. A~kArapuranA zaivA tyAMnA nAleya jinamaMdirane banAvavAmAM vighnarUpa thaI paDayA hatA, tenI khabara tyAMnA jainAe zrIsiddhasenane ApI ane e maMdiranuM kArya pAra paDe tema karavA temaNe AcAryazrIne vinaMti karI. siddhasenasUrie vikra mAdityane kahI tenA hAthe zrIRSabhadevanA e maMdirane banAvavAnuM kArya pAra pamADayuM." * gacchamAM laI lIdhA pachI siddhasena divAkara vihAra karatA anukrame bharUcamAM AvyA. A vakhate ahiM balamitra (vikramAditya)nA putra dhanajaya rAjA zAsana karatA hatA. A rAjAe AcAryazrIneA bahu ja Adara satkAra karyAM. siddhasena ahiM-bharUcamAM bIrAjatA hatA tyAre zatruoe AvI A nagarane gherI lIdhuM. dhanajaya pAse alpa sainya hovAthI te bhayabhIta thaIne divAkaranA zaraNe AvyA. zrI siddhasene sa payeAgathI eka meATu' lazkara sAvyuM, tethI parAsta thai ghero ghAlanAra zatruo bhAgI gayA." (prabhAcaMdrasUrinA prabhAvakacaritamAMnA uparokta ullekhamAM bharUcane gherA ghAlanArA e zatruo kANu hatA tenI oLakha ApavAmAM AvI nathI; paraMtu tyAM meghama ja 'zatruo' ema jaNAvyuM che, sabhava tarIke e zatruo kAM te zaka-harATa hoya athavA te AndhrarAjA (naM. 10) hAla (zAlavAhana) heAya. A viSayamAM eka tak evA savAla UThe che ke, AndhrarAjA (na. 9) ariSle (gA. sAtaka e) potAnA rAjyanA 18 mA varSa pahelAM nAzika, punA, vigere jillAnI enA pUrvajoe gumAvelI bhUmi zaka---- kSaharATA pAsethI pAchI meLavI hatI, ema nAzikanA zilAlekhAthI ane nahapAnA mahArA para tenuM peAtAnuM maheAruM' mArelA sikkAthI sAkhIta thAya che ane vaLI ariSTa pachI rAjya para AvelA hAla (viSamazIla) rAjAe aparAntakane tAbe karyAM hatA, ema bRhatkathAnA ra. anuvAdAthI samajAya che, teA pachI te te jillAomAM ane aparAntakamAM zaka--kSaharATo para thaI rahelA bhAre dabANane laI rAjasattA vigere gumAvI beThelA tenA amuka bhAge pazcima ane aparAntakanA raste uttaramAM AgaLa vadhatAM, lATa ane tenI AjubAjunA sthAnika asaMtuSTa zaka-herATAnI sAthe samUhabaddha thaI bharUcane ghero ghAlyA haze zuM? AnI viruddha bIjI tarapha evA prazna thAya che ke, vikramAdityanA vaDIla putra dhanaMjayanI dIkSA mAda bharUcanA zAsaka rAjA tarIke vikramAdityanI AndhrarANI sukeAmalAnA putra vikramacaritra urdU nala:sena AbyA hatA, tenA amala daramiyAna 'sAtavAhane bharUca para vAravAra halA karyAM hatA ane eka vAra hAlanA-zAlivAhananA hallAthI bharUcanuM patana paNa thayuM hatuM. ' evA jaina sAhityamAM ullekhA maLI Ave che, teA pachI bharUca paranA e hrahmAnI zarUAta zuM hAle siddhasenasUrinI bharUcamAM hayAtI daramiyAna dhanaMjaya para karelA ane jainasAhityamAM noMdhAyalA hallAthI ja thai haze ? vikramAdityanA putra dhanaMjaya bharUcanuM zAsana karatA hatA tyAre tenA para AkramaNa kare evI zaka-kSaharATA ane sAtavAhanAnI zakti sivAya trIjI kAI zaktinuM astitva

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230 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. . najadIkamAM hoya ema itihAsathI jaNAyuM nathI, e vAta dhyAnamAM rAkhatAM uparokta paraspara viruddha je e prazna UThe che tene sIdhesIdhA javAba ApaNane jainasAhityamAMthI maLatA nathI, paraMtu dhanaMjaya para hallA karanArAone 'zatrue ' kahyA che tethI te hAla rAjA nahi paNa zaka-kSaharATA haze evI kalpanA thAya che. jo e bharUcane gherA ghAlanAra 'hAla' hota te tenI 'sAtavAhana' evI sAmAnya rIte jainagraMthAmAM apAtI oLakhane cheDI daI ' zatrue ' evI ati sAmAnya oLakhathI tene na oLakhAvAta. ' * Ama chatAM, e 'zatruo ' kANu hatA enA prabhAvakacaritakArane nizcaya na hoya ane tethI ja emaNe 'zatrue' evA ati sAmAnya ullekha karyAM hoya, tathA uparokta bharUcanA gherAnA samaya, jo hAle zaka kSaharATAne sarvathA jItI laI pazcimaghATanAM pazcima pradezanA sa pUrNa kakhajo levA pUrvaka tyAM majabUta sattA jamAvyA pachInA hAya tA, vadhAre saMbhavita e che ke, bharUcaparanA e humalAkhArA sAtavAhanA (sAtA~Na e)-ennAkaTakamAMthI pratiSThAnapure rAjadhAnI laI janAra, ariSTaneA anugAmI suprasiddha samrAT (na; 10) hAla-zAlivAhana hAya. hAla rAjAnA A hallA ane bAra varSa sudhI vAra vAra karAyalA tenA pAchaLanA hallAo e sarva tApI nadInI dakSiNanA pradeza, ke je keTalAka samaya pahelAM tenA pUrvajonA kabajAmAMthI zaka-kSaharATAe khu'cAvI lIdhA hatA ane pAchaLathI zaka-kSaharATAnA hAthamAMthI vikramAdityanA tAkhAmAM cAlyA gayA hatA, tene pAchA meLavavA mATe haze ema nabhaH sena ane hAlanI vacce thayelI che. vaTanI saMdhi parathI anumAna thAya che. uparAMta e hallAonuM kAraNa, peAtAnuM mRtyu zAlivA hananA hAthe thaze ema bhaviSyavettAnA mukhathI jANatAM vikramAditye pratiSThAnapura caDhAI karI hatI ane tene temAM zUkathI hAra khAI pAchuM nAzI javuM paDayuM hatu"" evA maLI AvatA sAhityagata ullekha parathI kadAca, vikramAditye AndhrarAjya sAthe zarU karelI athaDAmaNInA a'ge jAgelI duzmanAvaTa paNa hoya tApaNuM nA nahi. hAla rAjAnA e hallAonuM pariNAma tyAM sudhI paheAMcyuM hatu` ke, vikramAdityane potAnA jIvananA aMta bhAgamAM zAlivAhanathI peAtAnA rAjyanI salAmatI jokhamAze evA bhaya suddhAM lAgyA hatA. jyAre teNe bharUca paNa jatu joyuM tyAre te saMpUrNa sAdhana zakti vaDe hAlanI sAthe lATanA prade zamAM laDaye|. A yuddhamAM te maraNutAla ghavAyA ane pachI lAgelA ghAthI ke matAntare manAya che tema vyAdhithI mRtyu pAmyA. kahe che ke, A pachI vikramAdityanA putra nabhaHsene- jaina granthakArothI nahaseNunA male lakhAtA naravAhane ke nahavahaH-zAlivAhana sAthe yuddha jArI rAkhyuM hatu. ane tene temAM vijaya maLyA hatA. e vijaya khAsa mahattvanA hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. kAraNa ke, nabhasenane tApI nadInA dakSiNa taraphanA pradeza tA choDI ja devA paDayA hatA, ema kahevAmAM Ave che. nabhaHsenanI zAlivAhana sAthenI saMdhinA samaya vikramAdityanA ma, na. 470-i. sa. 3 varSe mRtyu thayA pachI Azare ekAda varSanI aMdara haze, ema anumAna thAya che; paraMtu dhanaMjaya para thayelA hallAnA samaya, jyAM sudhI e d

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avatinuM Adhipatya 231 hale karanAra keNa hatuM ene cokkasa nirNaya na thAya tyAM sudhI, na thaI zake tema nathI) teo (zrIsiddhasenasUri) pitAnA jIvananAM chellAM varSomAM dakSiNApathamAM vicaryA hatA ane tyAM pratiSThAnapuramAM anazana pUrvaka temane svargavAsa thaye hatuM. A vakhate * temanAM bahena sAthvI siddha zrI ujajayinImAM hatAM, temane siddhasenanA svargastha thayAnA samAcAra maLatAM teo paNa anazana karIne svargastha thayAM." | (A ullekha prabhAvakacaritamAM zrI prabhAcandrasUrijIe karyo che.) "zrIsiddhasena AcAryanuM raceluM zAstra "sammati' e darzana prabhAvaka zAstra 270 che." ( nizIthacUrNikAranA uparokta kathanathI spaSTa samajAya che ke, jenazAsananA darzana prabhAvaka prAcIna mahAna AcAryomAMnA eka zrIsiddhasenasUri paNa hatA.) upara anavarTeDa komAmAM seMdhelA bhAvArtharUpa ullekhe ane kauMsamAM karelAM carcAtmaka sUcane, e sarva zrIsiddhasena divAkaranA aMge ja che ane te AjathI 200 varSa pUrve thayelA saMvata pravartaka zakAri vikramAdityanA samayamAM banelI ghaTanAone lagatAM ja che; paraMtu keTalAMka varSothI zrI siddhasena divAkaranI vidyamAnatAnA samaya aMge UhApoha karanArA lekhakemAMthI kaI kaI zrIsiddhasena divAkarane tathA temanA saMbaMdhamAM seMdhAyelI badhI ya ghaTanAene ane vaLI, jene pravartAvela saMvata AjakAla 2004 nA aMkathI lakhAI rahI che, te khurda vikramAdityane paNa ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadImAMthI khoTI kalpanAonA baLe upADI laI TheTha ma. ni. nI dazamI sadImAM nAkhI de che. emano vikramAditya, cAnsanI gaNanA mujaba, vi. saM. 43ra ke 437-I. sa. 375 ke 380 varSe guNonA rAjya para Avele ane pachI keTalAMka varSe avanti para Adhipatya jamAvate candragupta bIjo banI jAya che, jayAre emanA siddhasena divAkara, vi. saM. 353 ke 356-I. sa. 296 ke 299 varSe yugapradhAna pade AvelA mAtharI vAcanAnA pradAtA zrInkaMdilAcAryanA praziSya ane vRddhavA dInA ziSya manAtA keI siddhasena banI jAya che, ke je vRddhavAdI ane temanA ziSya siddhasena divAkaranuM zrI&dilAcAryane ziSya ane praziSya tarIke astitva ja nathI. e koI koI lekhakanI uparokta mAnyatAnI pAchaLa prabhAvaka caritamAMnA keI kaI ulekhe paNa kAmamAM lAgelA che, lagADelA che. te barAbara che ke nahi tene have vicAra karIe. prabhAvacaritamAM, siddhasenasUrinA guru vRddhavAdI ane vRddhavAdIne gurU kaMdilAcArya vidyAdhara AmnAyanA ane pAdalipta kulanA hatA ema ullekha karAya che. A uparAMta tyAM ema paNa kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke, AryanAgahastinA gurubhAI saMgamasiMhasUrinA ziSya __(270) "dasaNagAhA desaNaNANappabhAvagANi satyANi siddhiviNicchaya-saMmatimAdi to " - nizISacUrNa "dasaNaNANetti / asya vyAkhyA-sutsatyagata tugAthA / IsaNappabhAvagANa sasthANa sammadiyAdi sutaNANeya" -nizIthacUrNi.

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22 avaMtinuM Adhipatya pAdalipta hatA ane, je vidyAdharavaMzamAM kAlakasUri thayA hatA, te vidyAdhara gachanA nAgahasti hatA. jAkuTI (jAvaDa?) zrAvake vi. saM. 150 eTale A lekhanI gaNatarIe ma. ni. 560 varSe giranAra parvata paranA zrIneminAthanA mandirano uddhAra karAvatAM (karAvatAM ke karyA pachI?) tyAM varasAdane laI paDI gayelA maTha (?)mAMnI prazastinA . AdhAre pAdalipta ane vRddhavAdIne vidyAdharavaMzIya lakhavAnI vAta paNa e caritamAM karavAmAM AvI che. * prabhAvazcaritamAMnAM uparokta sarva kathanane evo artha karavAmAM Ave che ke vRddhavAdInA guru ane siddhasenanA praguru dilAcArya vidyAdhara AmnAyanA ane pAdali. saMkulanA hatA tethI teo brahmaDhIpika AryasiMhasUrinA ziSya ane mAthurI vAcanAnA pradAtA zrIskaMdilAcAryuM hoI zake ke jeo mahAvIranI navamI sadImAM vidyamAna hatA. nAgahasti ane temanA gurubhrAtA saMgamasiMhasUrinA ziSya pAdalipta, emane samaya paTTAvalIo pramANe ma. ni. nI sAtamI sadI hovAthI pAdaliptakulanA audilAcAryanuM ane temanA ziSya vRddhavAdI tathA praziSya siddhasenanuM astitva temanAthI-nAgahasti ane pAdaliptathI pUrve koI paNa rIte ghaTI zake nahi, te pachI kahevAmAM Ave che tema, mahAvIranI pAMcamI sadImAM eTale ke vikamanI pahelI sadImAM e skaMdilAcAryAdinuM astitva saMbhave ja zI rIte ? vaLI nAgahasti pachI thayelA pAdaliptane vidyAdharavaMzanA ke vidyAdhara gacchanA ane vRddhavAdIne vidyAdharavaMzanA kahevAmAM Ave che. A vidyAdharavaMza ke vidyAdhara gacchane saMbhava zrIvAsenanA ziSya vidyAra pachIthI hoya; paraMtu ma. ni. nI chaThThI sAtamI sadImAM thayelA vajasena ane vidyAdharathI pahelAM heya nahi, ane e rIte vidyAdharavaMza ke vidyAdhara garacha zrIvAsana pachIthI utpanna thayela hatAM vidyAdharavaMzanA ke vidyAdharagacha nA pAdalipta ke vRddhavAdI paNa vajasena pachIthI ja thayelA AcAryo hoI zake, nahi ke temanI pUrve ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadInA. arthAta; ma.ni. nI chaThThI sAtamI sadImAM utpanna vidyAdharavaMza ke vidyAdharagacchanA zrI vRddhavAdInA ziSya zrI siddhasena divAkara che. teo ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadInA-vikramanI pahelI sadInA AcArya nahi, paraMtu vajana ke vidyAdhara ane Arya nAgahasti ke pAdaliptanI pachI thayelA heI ma. ni. nI dazamI sadInA-vikramanI pAMcamI sadInA AcAryuM che, ane tethI siddhasenanA samayane vikramAditya e vikramAditya upAdhine dhAraka guptavaMzIya candragupta bIjo che, ke je cA. saM. nI gaNanA mujaba ma. ni. 901 (1) ke 906 (7)-vi. saM. 431 (2) ke 436 (7) mAM rAjya para AvyuM hatuM. (A lekhanI gaNanA mujaba e samaya ma.ni. 841 (2) ke 846 (7) Ave che.) prabhAvakacaritanA ullekha parathI karAtA uparokta arthathI bhinna artha paNa nikALI zakAya tema che, ke jethI siddhasena ane temanA guru vRddhavAdInuM astitva ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sadImAM sAbIta karI zakAya, te AvI rIte -

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 234 himavaMta zUrAvalImAM ApelA zrIkaMdilAcAryanA saMbaMdha parathI e nizcita che ke, mAtharI vAcanAnA pradAtA skaMdilAcArya siMhasUrinA ziSya che. siMhasUri nAmanA bIjA paNa keTalAka AcAryo thayA che; paraMtu A siMhasUri te ja che ke, jeo ma. ni. nI AThamI ane navamI sadInA vacagALa-vikramanI cothI sadImAM bahu samaya sudhI vidyamAna yugapradhAna hatA. teo siMhagirinA ziSya ane vAsvAmInA gurubhrAtA AryasamitathI nIkaLelI brAhIpikA zAkhAnA hatA, naMdisthavirAvalImAM A brahmaDhIpika siMhasUrine ane temanI pUrvenA yugapradhAne-nAgahasti ane ravatimitrane vAcakavaMzanA jaNAvyA che. kaMdilAcAryane paNa tyAM ADakatarI rIte vAcakavaMzanA hoya tema stavyA che. jainasAhityamAM emanI vizeSa prasiddhi paNa viziSTa vidyAnI sAthe nahi, paraMtu vAcanAnI sAthe ja che tethI teo vAcakavaMzanA ja che. nahi ke vidyAdharavaMzanA. vaLI zrIsamitAthI nIkaLelI brahmaDhIpikA zAkhAmAM, vidyAdharavaMzanA sthAne ke svataMtra rIte vaparAtA keI vidyAdhara ga7ne uddabhava thayo hoya, ene keI purA nathI. kalpasthavirAvalI pramANe Arya vajasenanA ziSya ane jinadattakInA putra zrI vidyAdharathI vidyAdharakulanI utpatti thayelI che. e vidyAdharakulane ane tenI pUrve utpanna thayelI brahmaDhIpikA zAkhAne kAMI lAgatuM vaLagatuM heya ema jaNAyuM nathI. A sarva parathI spaSTa thAya che ke, prabhAvacaritamAM lakhAyelA vidyAdharavaMzanA AcArya skaMdila e, vidyAdhara vaMzAdinA nahi paNa brahmakrIpika zAkhAnA ane vAcakavaMzanA lakhAyelA yugapradhAna zrIsiMhasUrinA zikhya kaMdilAcArya nathI ke jeo madhumitranA gurubhrAtA ane gandhahastInA kAkAguru heI ma.ni.nI navamI sadImAM mAdhurI vAcanAnA pradAtA hatA, paraMtu teo pAdaliptakulanA-pAdaliptasUrinA kulanA, vidyAdharavaMzIya ane chatamaryAdAnA karanAra tathA Arya kAlaka (zayAmAya) nI pachI yugapradhAnapade AvelA zrIzAhiDatya che ke jemane yugapradhAnatva kAla ma. ni. 376 thI 14 sudhI hatuM ane jemanA "saMdira' nAmane "Uvijha' nAmanI sAthe paTTAvalIomAM kavacit akSarabrama jAgI zADilyanA badale skaMdila tarIke paNa ullekha karavAmAM AvyuM che. vRddhavAdI ane sidhdhasena A zADilyanA ja ziSya ane praziSya hatA. - prabhAvakacaritamAM "vidyAdharAsnAya' e je zabda che tene artha viziSTa vidyAdhArakena kamabhAvI pUrvapuruSapravAha athavA sAmAnyataH vidyAdharavaMza evo thAya che. AvA AmnAya ke vaMzanI Adi viSe "zIvADha0" e AgaLa lakhavAmAM AvanArA kAvyamAMnA ulekhathI kadAca vadhAre spaSTa na paNa thavAya, chatAM kalpasthavirAvalInA "Arya susthitasupratibaMdhanA ziSya Arya gopAla vidyAdharAsnAyanA hatA" AvA prakAranA kathananA AdhAre samajAya che ke, ma. ni. nI cethI sadInI pUrve paNa e AmnAyanuM astitva hatuM ja ane dIkSA AzrayI vratadhara munionI paraMparAmAM athavA pUrvenA viziSTa jJAnanI vAcanA AzrayI kRtadhara-anugadhara vAcaka munionI paraMparAmAM jema guru-ziSya vyavahAra pravartamAna hatuM tema, manTAdi viziSTa vidyA AzrayI vidyAdhara munionI paraMparAmAM

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134 avaMtinuM Adhipatya paNa te vyavahAra pravartamAna hatuM. AvI hakIkatane darzAvatuM eka kAvya AvI rItanuM maLI Ave che - " hA to miviramorAranA nAnA hatacchinyo vRkSavAdI dvijakulatilakaH siddhaseno babhUva / jillAnA nikA pAda ni je vizvano vizALa saMjAtaH saMgamo'yaM tadanu va gaNa mRt pAdaliptastato'ham // 271 / zrIpAdaliptasUri uparanA kAvyamAM pitAnI oLakha Ape che ke "nami-vinami (vidyAdhara)nA kula rUpa mugaTamAM ratna sarikhA zrIkAlakAcArya mahArAjA thayA. temanA ziSya brAhmaNa kulamAM zreSTha zrI vRdhdhavAdI ane (temanA ziSya ) sidhdhasena thayA. kUTanidrAne karatA vizvarUpa je (sidhdhasena) lokamAM "kapaTa" evI rIte prasidhdha thayA. A pachI saMgama nAmanA gaNadhAraka thayA ane te pachI huM pAdalipta thayela chuM." uparakta kAvyamAMnA pAdaliptane samaya ma. ni. nI pAMcamI sahI hoya ema lAge che. teo saMgamagANunA ziSya che ane e saMgamagaNine sidhdhasena divAkara sAthe samayanuM aMtara nathI. temane ane siddhasenane vidyAdharAmnAya tarIke saMbaMdha che. kadAca, teo vivAthI siddhasenanA gurubhrAtA paNa hoya. zAlivAhananA maMtrIne guru ane zAlivAhananA hAthe udhdhAra karAyelA bharUcanA zakunikAvihAranI vajapratiSThA karanAra pAdalipta A kAvyamAMnA ja pAdalipta che. jenagranthathI jANavA maLe che ke, temaNe AryakhapuTAcAryanI pAse camatkArika vidyAone abhyAsa karyo hate. AkhapuTanA ziSya upAdhyAya mahendra dIkSita karelA brAhmaNanA kAraNe bharUcamAM brAhmaNane virodha thatAM zrI saMghanI vinaMtIthI A AcArya pATalIputrathI bharUca AvyA hatA ane temanA Agamana mAtrathI ja brAhmaNe DarIne nAzI gayA hatA (nAsIpAsa thayA hatA) A AcArya dakSiNApathamAMnA mAnakheTanA rAjA kRSNarAjanA bahu mAnItA hatA, ane teo e rAjAnA AgrahathI ghaNA samaya sudhI mAnakheTamAM rahyA hatA. mAnapeTamAM rahI temaNe saMskArayukta sAMketika "pAdaliptA" bhASAnuM sarjana karyuM hatuM. emaNe "tAyA' nAme, hAlamAM upalabdha na thatI, addabhuta prAkRta kathAnI racanA karI hatI. A pachI zAlivAhananA bolAvyAthI teo pratiSThAnapuramAM gayA hatA ane pitAnI vidyAzaktithI te rAjA para prabhAva. pADI tene pitAne anurAgI banAvI tenI pAse dhArmika kAryo karAvyAM hatAM. teo pitAnA jIvananAM aMtima varSomAM saurASTramAM vicaryA hatA. tyAM temaNe dhAtuvatI nAgArjunane zrAvaka banAvI AkAzagAminI vidyAne yoga batAvyuM hatuM. A nAgArjune pitAnA e vidyAgurunA nAmathI "pAdaliptapura" hAlanA pAlItANAnA sthaLe vasAvyuM hatuM ane teNe (71) dharmaratna prakaraNamAM salabdhalakSma guNa aMge ApelI nAgArjunanI kathAmAM A kAvyanuM avataraNu apAyeluM che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. giranAranI taLeTImAM killAnI pAse zrI neminAthane lagatAM keTalAka zipanAM dhArmika ane ardhadhArmika dRzyo sarjAvyAM hatAM. A pAdaliptasUrijI 32 divasanA upavAsa pUrvaka zrI zatruMjaya para svargavAsa pAmyA hatA. prabhAvaka caritakAra pAdaliptasUrinA prAthamika jIvana viSe keTalIka nedha le che, te A pramANe che sayU ane gaMgA nadInA saMgama para AvelI kezalA nagarImAM phula nAme zreSThI rahete hato. tenI strInuM nAma pratimA hatuM. ArAdhana karelI veroTayA devInA kahevAthI teNIe putraprApti mATe nami-vinami vidyAdharanA vaMzamAM utpanna Arya nAgahastInA pAdazI. canA jaLanuM pAna karatAM, je prathama putra thayo, tenuM nAma nAgendra rAkhyuM hatuM. e jyAre ATha varSane thayo tyAre tene zeThazeThANIe nAgahastine suprata karyo. nAgahastinA gurubhrAtA saMgamasiMhasUrie A bAlaka nAgendrane dIkSA ApI saMbhALa ane zikSAnA mATe maMDanagaNIne soMpyA. eka ja varSamAM A nAgendra asAdhAraNa paMDita thayA. gurumahArAjAe temane kavitva Adi guNethI prasanna thaI pAdaliptane AzirvAda Apyo ane temanI daza varSanI vaye AcArya padavI ApI pitAnA paTTadhara nImyA. A pachI teone mathurAna garIe mokalyA hatA. tyAM keTaloka samaya rahI teo pATalIputra AvyA hatA. temaNe buddhinA ane vidyAnA aneka camatkArothI pATalIputranA rAjA murUgdhane pitAnI tarapha AkaLyuM hatuM. temaNe e rAjAne jaina munionI vinItatAnI apUrvatA darzAvatAM te Azcarya pAmI pAdaliptasUri prati ati Adara-bhaktivALo banyA hate." prabhAvacaritamAnI uparokta noMdhathI samajAya che ke, AryapurAcArya pAse camatkA'rika vidyAe zIkhanAra, AyaMkhapuTAcAryanA ziSya upAdhyAya mahendranA belAvyAthI brAhma. zathI thate upadrava TALavA bharUcanagare AvanAra ane kRSNarAja, zAlivAhana, guNADhaya, nAgArjuna, vigerenA saMparkamAM amuka samaye AvanAra pAdaliptathI uparokta gRhasthAzramamAM nAgendra nAmavALA pAdalipta e bhinna che. "zrIkAla" kAvyamAMnA prathama pAdaliptane samaya ma.ni.nI pAMcamI sadI che. temanA samaye pATalIputramAM dAha nAmano rAjA rAjya karatuM hatuM ke je mithyASTi, nAstikaprAyaH ane tubuddhivALe tathA dhArmika bAbatamAM utpAta macAvI viparItatA upajAvavA prayatnazIla hate. ra72 saMbhava che ke, te zuMgavaMzIya haze. jyAre dvitIya pAdaliptanuM astitva ma.ni.nI sAtamI sadInA uttarArdhamAM heI temanA samaye pATalIputramAM kuzAna kaniSka (22) zuMgenA agnimitra Adi rAjAo ane temanA pachI AvanArA zuMgamtya kArava rAjAo, emanI rAjadhAnI vidizAmAM hatI, paNa temAMnA game tenI peTA zAkhAnA mAMDalike pATalIputramAM rAjya karatA haze, temane A haDa rAja haze. e rAjAeAnuM je nItipatana thavA mAMDayuM hatuM te chevaTe saMpradAyanI kadarthanA karavA sudhI nAstikatAne pAmyuM haze ema lAge che. A samaye e rAjA kAne mAMDalika haze ke svataMtra haze ya AdmabhUAne mAMDalika haze, e spaSTa thaI zakatuM nathI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya nImelA subedAranI paraMparAmAM AvelA keI muruDa rAjAnuM rAjya hatuM ke je rAjA mahAna bhAva, guNA, zraddhALu ane vicArazIla hatA. uparAMta, te pAdalipta prati bhaktiAdaravALe hato. 233 Ama bhinna bhinna samaye thayelA ane bhinna bhinna ghaTanAonA nAyaka pAdaliptasUri nAmanA be AcAryo thayA hoya e spaSTa jaNAya che, chatAM prabhAvaritakAra ane anya prakAre bene badale eka ja' pAdaliptanA nAme uparokta sarva ghaTanAone caDhAve che. pariNAme, e ghaTanAone paraspara sAmayika meLa maLatuM nathI. zrI pAdaliptasU rino AyakhapuTAcAryanI pAse camatkArika vidyAone abhyAsa ane u. mahendra pAse brAhmaNethI thaI rahelA upadrava prasaMge temanuM gamana, e ma.ni.nI pAMcamI sadInI ghaTanAo che, kAraNa ke, AkhapuTAcAryAdinuM te samaye ja astitva siddha che; jyAre temanI AryanagahastI ane saMgamasiMhasUrithI devAyelI dIkSA vigerenI ghaTanAo ma. ninI sAtamI sadInI che. kemake, AryanAgahastI vigere te samaye ja vidyamAna hatA ema paTTAvalIo parathI sAbIta thAya che. Ama lAMbA aMtare bhinna bhinna samaye banelI ghaTanAone pAdaliptasUri nAmanA eka ja AcAryanA nAme caDhAvatAM sAmayika meLa na maLe e svAbhAvika che. A ane evI bIjI asaMgatatAne TALavA, sAmayika meLa na khAtI amuka ghaTanAone bhUlabharelI rIte ullekha karAyelI mAnavI e anucita che. kemake, tevI mAnyatAne samarthaka kaeNI purA nathI. mahAtmAonA hAthe beTI rIte ulekho noMdhAyAnuM prAyaH banatuM nathI, paraMtu ene UlaTasulaTI ke eka ja nAma para noMdhAyAnuM kavacita banI jAya che, e lakSyamAM letAM sAmayika meLa na khAtI ghaTanAone khoTI TharAvavA karatAM tene ghaTAvavA enA ghaTaka tarIke e ja nAmanI thaI gayelI ke thanArI ke anya ja vyakti mAnI levI joIe. ane tethI pAMcamI sadInA pAdalipta ane temanA guru saMgamane AyaMkhapuTAcArya tathA mahendra upAdhyAyanI hayAtImAM pAMcamI sadImAM ja rahevA dyo. temane sAtamI sadInA Arya nAgahastI ane temanA gurubhAI saMgamasiMhasUrinI hayAtImAM laI javAnI koI jarUrIyAta nathI. "muni tarIkenI bAlyAvasthAmAM pAdalipta gurune kahyuM ke, pUjya! Ape je "Tipati' kahyuM temAM " ' nA badale "ba' karI ApavAnI kRpA karo ke jethI huM vArira'-pAdalipta thauM. gurue tene pAdalipta thavAne AzIrvAda Ape ane e bAla-sulaka muninuM nAma pAdalipta paDayuM." prabandhAmAM bheMdhAyelI A hakIkatamAMnA pAdalipta" e prayogamAM paNa, pAdalipta ane temanA gurune pUrve thaI gayelA keI pAdaliptanA nAmanuM smaraNa thayuM hoya ema lAge che. pAMcamI sadInA pAdaliptanI vihArabhUmi ane kAryakSetra mukhyatayA lATa, dakSiNApatha ane saurASTra (273) kuzAnee pATalIputramAM nImelA subAnI paraMparAne A muruDa rAjA lagabhaga ravatatra haze. kAraNa ke, A samaye bhAratanA gaMgottara pradeza para kuzAna sattA nAmanI ja hoI kuzAnenA subAe ja kyAM tyAM sarvasattAdhIza banI beThelA hatA. A rAjAo hindI saMskRtithI sarvathA raMgAyelA banI gayelA hatA.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 237 che, jayAre sAtamI sadInA pAThaliptanuM magadha ane sUrasena che. AthI paNa bane pAdalipta bhinna ja hatA ema sAbIta thAya che. A uparokta bane pAdalipta vidyAdhara AkhIya-saMpradAya-vaMzanA hatA. jemanAthI vidyAdharI zAkhA nIkaLI hatI te, Arya susthita-supratibaddhanA ziSya vidyAdhara gopAla paNa e ja AmnAyanA hatA, paraMtu temanI vidyA paraMparAmAM A pAdaliptasUrie na heI Arya susthita-supratibaddhanA gurubhAI zrI guNasundarasUrinA ziSya vidyAdhara AyakAlakanI vidyA paraMparAmAM hatA. vidyAdhara AmnAya-vaMzamAM aneka kuLa ke garacha hoya evI sthitimAM amuka AcAryanuM amuka kuLa ke gaccha che enI khAtrI hoya tyAre te te AcArya vidyAdharavaMzanI sAthe te kuLa ke gacchanA lakhAtA haze, paraMtu jyAre temanA viziSTa kuLa ke gacchane patto na lAge yA TuMkANamAM patAvavuM hoya tyAre temanI oLakha vidyAdharavaMzathI ke vidyAdhara. kuLathI athavA pAchaLanA samayamAM vidyAdhara gacchathI ApavAnI prathA haze ema lAge che. purAvA tarIke, Arya skaMdila (zAMDilya)nI oLakha "vidyAdharAsnAyanA ane pAdalipta. kuLanA" evI rIte ApavAmAM AvI che, jyAre AyanAmaharitanI oLakha vidyAdharASnApanA ane vidyAdhara gacchanA" evI rIte ApI che, te vaLI uparokta "kIrjiA ' e kAvyamAM "zrIkAlakane "namivinamikulanA' eTale nami-vinaminA vidyAdharakuLanA kahyA che ane e kuLa ke, je spaSTa rIte AmnAya ja che, temAM kAlaka pachIthI vRddhavAdI, sidhasena, saMgama ane pAdalipta sudhInI paraMparA AlekhAI che. saMbhava che ke, ma.ninI pAMcamI sadImAM thayelA pAdaliptanA samaye jana zramaNane vaMza ke kuLathI ja oLakhAvavAnI prathA haze, ga7thI oLakhAvavAne vyavahAra te samaye nahi ja haze, jyAre sAtamI sadImAM AryanAgahastI ane pAdaliptanA samaye gaccha zabda vaparAzamAM Avyo hate ema prabhAvakacaritathI sUcana thAya che. kAraNu ke te AcAryone tyAM vidyAdhara ga7nA lakhyA che. mane to lAge che ke, vidyAdharavaMzanA 2thAne ja vidyAdhara gaccha lakhAyo che ane vidyAdharavaMzanA A nAgahastI vAcakavaMzanA yugapradhAna nAgahastIthI, je ke samakAlIna che chatAM, bhinna ja che. kAlajJAna,nirvANakalikA, praznaprakAza, vigere grantha pAdaliptasUrinA banAvelA kahevAya che. e grantha kyA pAdalipta nirmANa karyA, e viSe cekasa kathana karI zakAya tema nathI. temane kaI grantha pAMcamI sadImAM thayelA prathama pAdaliptane hoya te vaLI koI grantha sAtamI sadImAM thayelA dvitIya pAdaliptane paNa hoya e banavA joga che. uparokta rIte be pAdalipta sAbIta thAya che, chatAM eka ja pAdalipta thayA hovAne, ane temAM paNa maninI pAMcamI sadInA AkhapuTAcAryAdinI sAthe temanI samakAlInatAnI upekSA karI, ma.ni.nI sAtamI sadInA AryanAgahastinI sAthe samakAlInatA hovAne ja je Agraha hoya te eka judI vAta che, paraMtu e rIte ya "pAchA ' e padyAnusAra

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya vRdhdhavAdI ane siddhasena divAkara pAdaliptasUrinI pahelAM thaI gayelA hatAM temane kaI paNa rIte mAninI navamI sadIne mAthurI vAcanAnA dAtA yu.pra. zrIskaMdilAcAryanA zikSa ane praziSya tarIke mAnI zakAya tema nathI. "Gree' e kAvyamAM vRdhavAdIne vidyAdharavaMzIya kAlakanA ziSya kahA che; paraMtu prabhAvakacatimAM temane kaMdilanA ziSya jaNAvyA che ke je kaMdila, brAhIpika sihasUrinA ziSya yu.pra. kaMdilAcAryuM nahi, paraMtu zyAmA pachI yu.pra. pade AvelAvidyAdharavaMzIya ane pAdaliptakulanA pAMDilya nAmanA AcArya che, ema huM pUrve sUcana karI gayo chuM. have ahiM e vicAra karIe ke, vRdhdhavAdI kenA ziSya che. ma.ni.nI trIjI sadInA chellA caraNathI laI pAMcamI sadInA pUrvArdha sudhImAM kAlakAcArya nAmanA traNa AcArya jaina sAhityamAM AgaLa paDatA jaNAyA che. jemakeH-(1) Arya suhastinA ziSya guNasuMdarasUrinA ziSya-vidyAbaliSTa kAlakAcArya. (2) Arya mahAgirina ziSya balissahanA ziSya svAtinA ziSya-dazapUrvadhara kAlabhAcArya aparanAma zyAmArya (1) guNAkarasUrinA ziSya-gardasityApaka tiSanimittattA kAlakAcArya. A. uparokta traNamAM naM.1 nA kAlakAcA bharucanA zakunikAvihAranA aMge upadrava karatA mithyASTi vyaktine pitAnA vidyAbalathI pacIza ejana dUra karI dIdhA hatA.: naM. 2 nA kAlakAcAyaeN mani. 320 varSe IndranI AgaLa nigadanI vyAkhyA karI hatI. pannavaNAsUtranA kartA tathA pAMcamathI thanA dine payuMSaNAparvanA pavartaka paNa A ja kolakAcArya hatA. naM. 3 nA kAlakAcArye gadaMbila rAjAne nigraha karI pitAnI bahena sAdhvI sarasvatIne tenA atyAcAramAMthI mukAvI hatI. avinIta ziSyane avantimAM cheDI daI pitAnA praziSya sAgara pAse suvarNabhUmimAM janAra paNa bahudhA A ja AcArya hatA. "mAtrA' e kAvyamAM ane prabhAvacaritamAM, je kAlakane vidyAdharavaMzanA kahevAmAM Ave che, te kAlaka upareta traNa kAlakamAMthI naM 1 nA krAlaka ja hevA joIe. Arya. suhastinA ziSya kalahaMsasUri jema vihAbaliSTa hatA, tema temanA praziSya A kAlaka paNa vidyAbaliSTa hatA. emane e vivAo "kADha0' e kAvyamAM jaNAvyA mujaba vidyAdharaparaMparAthI maLelI hoI teo vidyAdhara AmnAyanA hatA. prabhAvakacaritamAM kaMdila-zAMDilyane paNa e ja AmnAyanA kahevAmAM AvyA che ane tyAM temane pAdalipta kulanA jaNAvyA che. pAMDiye vidyAne AkhAya kenI pAse lIdhe have e jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI. temane naM.1 nA kAlaka sAthe vidyA AzrayI sAMpradAyika saMbaMdha che, paraMtu temanI pAse vidyAne AmnAya lIdhe hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. kAraNa ke, " hA e kAvyamAM naM01 nA kAlakanA vidyAziSya tarIke temanI neMdha na letAM sIdhesIdhI temanA ziSya vRtavAdInI neMdha lIdhI che. kaI kaI sthaLe temane zayAmArya-naM-2 nA kAlakA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya - cAyanA ziSya lakhyA che, paraMtu teo temanA vAcanA ziSya haze, dIkSAziSya nahi. kemake teone pAdaliptakulanA kahyA che ane naM02nA zyAmAryanuM pAdaliptakula heya ema jaNAyuM nathI, A pAdalipta, khAMDiyathI pahelAM thayA hovAne lIdhe temanAthI pAchaLa thayelA prati e pAdaliptAthI bhinna ja che, paraMtu teo keNa hatA ane kayAre thayA ene khulAso kayAMyathI maLatuM nathI. vilAdhara AmnAyanA naM.1 nA kAlakAcAryanuM pApa zaktithI niSpanna bIjuM nAma "pAdalipta" nahi hema zuM e prazna UThe che. eka ja samaye vidyamAna be mahAna kAlakAcAryomAM, spaSTa oLakha thavAnI khAtara, naM01 ne pAdalipta ane naM02 ne zyAmAya nAmathI saMbodhana karAyuM hoya e banavA joga che. ane jo ema ja hoya te pAMDilyane naM01 nA kAlakAcAryanA dIkSAziSya hatA ema mAnI zakAya, paraMtu naM01 nA kAlakAcAryathI pAdalipta bhinna ja vyakti hoya te vAMDilya keI pAdaliptanI paraMparAmAM dIkSita thayelA hatA eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ane e rIte temanA dIkSAguru saMbaMdhI praznane javAba aMdhArAmAM ja rahevAnuM. u5ra karelA vivecanane sAra e che ke, pAMDityane naM 1 nA kAlakanI sAthe vidyAthI eka saMpradAya tarIke saMbaMdha ho e nakI che; paraMtu vidyA AzrayI guru ziSya saMbaMdha nathI, tema dIkSA AzrayI guru ziSya saMbaMdha hoya e akakasa che. naM.2 nA kAlakAcArya sAthe temane guru ziSya saMbaMdha hato, paraMtu te vAcanA AzrayI ja. prabhAvacaritamAM siddhasenanA guru vRddhavAdIne kaMdilAcAryanA ziSya kahyA che te dIkSA AzrayI ja. bAkI, "chIyA.0' kAvyanA kathana mujaba teo vidyA AzrayI te naM 1 nA kAlakanA ziSya hatA, ane teonuM astitva ma.ni.nI cothI sadInA uttarArdhathI laI pAMcamI sadInA prathama caraNanAM keTalAMka varSo sudhI hatuM. A uparathI samajAze ke, vRddhavAdInA ziSya zrIsiddhasena divAkara, keTalAke kahe che tema ma.ni.nI dazamI sadInA AcArya nahi, paraMtu mAni nI pAMcamI sadInA AcArya che, ke jayAre saMvata pravartaka zakAri vikramAditya rAjA ujajayinImAM rAjya karI rahyo hato. A samayanI jaina paristhitine ahiM kaMIka vicAra karIe. - vikramAditya bahudhA siddhasena divAkaranA saMparkamAM ja AvyuM hoya ema jainasAhityamAM seMdhAyuM che, paraMtu te bIjA jenAcAryonA saMparkamAM paNa amuka aMze Avyo haze. ApaNane jANavA maLe che ke, teNe nikALelA zrI zatruMjayanA saMghamAM saMkhyAbaMdha AcAryo sAmela hatA. sAhityamAM levAtI ne paNa ghaNA bhAge eka ja mahAna ane mukhya vyaktine AgaLa dharI hoya che, e bhUlavuM joIe nahi. vikramAdityanA 60 varSa jeTalA lAMbA rAjatvakAla daramIyAna jaina, bauddha ane vaidika e traNe dharmapaMthe bhAratanA pitAne anukUla pradezamAM svadharmane pracAra karavA mathI rahyA hatA. A samaye jainazAsanamAM Arya-kAMDilya, revatimitra, samudra ane maMgu e yugapradhAne uparAMta Arya-khapaTa vRddhavAdI, siddhasena, saMgamagANI, rudradeva, pAdalipta, mahendra vigere saMkhyAbaMdha vidyAsiddho

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240 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ane samarthavAdIo vidyamAna hatA, jeoe mathurA, ayodhyA ane pATalIputranA pradezathI laI dakSiNApathamAM pratiSThAna, mAnakheTa, vigerenA pradeza sudhI ane pazcimamAM saurASTranAM zaherathI laI pUrvamAM kaliMgAdinAM baMdara sudhI vicarI jainadharmane pracAra ane prabhAvanA karI hatI. temane kaI sthaLe bauddhonI sAthe te kaI sthaLe vaidikanI sAthe na chUTake vAdamAM ke athaDAmaNamAM UtaravuM paDayuM hatuM, jyAM sarvatra teo anya vidyAsiddho ane vAdIonA mukAbalAmAM sarvathA saphaLa thayA hatA. A samaye Arya susthita supratibaddha paraMparAnA Arya dinnasUri bhAratanA dakSiNa kAMThAne lagatA pradezamAM dharmapracArane dharmaprabhAvanA karI rahyA hatA. jainadharmane mATe A jaLahaLate jamAno hate, bhadragupta ane siMhagiri samA mahAna puruSe vikramAdityanA rAjayanAM aMtima varSomAM zramaNa banyA hatA. Arya khapUTe vikramAdityanA rAjayanAM jhAjhAM varSa jeyAM nathI. teo ma. ni. 453 varSe thayA hatA ema paTTAvalI kahe che, jayAre prabhAvakacarita jaNAve che ke, teo ma. ni. 484 varSa thayA hatA. samajAya che ke, cAlu saMpradAya pramANe 453 e temanA AcArya padanI sAla ane 484 e temanA svargavAsanI sAla haze, ke je A lekhamAM svIkArAcalA saMpradAya pramANe anukrame 393 ane 424 nI sAla che. eka gAthAmAM siddhasena divAkarane ma. ni. thI pAMcaseM varSo thayAnuM lakhyuM che. te A lekhanI gaNatarIe temanA svargavAsanI noMdha levI joIe. siddhasena divAkara vikramAdityanA mRtyu bAda dakSiNApathamAM vizeSa vicaratA haze, ke jyAM AndharAjA zAlivAhana rAjya karatuM hatuM. teo dakSiNApathanA pratiSThAnamAM svargavAsa pAmyA hatA evI je hakIkta neMdhAI che te sarvathA vizvAsapAtra che. vikramAdityane ane tene saMvatane jenee sau karatAM vadhAre Adara Ape che tenuM kAraNa e ja che ke, vikramAditya (balamitra) eka mahAna jainAcAryane bhANeja hato ane te zrI siddhasena divAkaranA paricaya pachI custa jaina banyo hate-eka sAre jena rAjA have joIe te te hate. Ama chatAM pitAnI prajAnI bhinna mAnyatAo prati atIva sahiSNu hoI rAjadharma tarIke te teonI sAthe samabhAva ane audAryathI vartanAra hatuM, bhArata kadi paNa e paraduHkhabhaMjaka vIra rAjAne bhUlI zake tema nathI. jenee tenA saMbaMdhI ghaNuM sAhitya lakhI ane tenA saMvatane atIva vahete mukI tene amara banAve che. te sadA ya amara ja raheze e niHzaMka hakIkata che. vikamacaritra 40 varSa, ma. ni. 470-510 (vi. saM. 60-100, I. sa. 3-43) vikramAdityanA jIvana viSe lakhanArA lekhake, vikramacaritrane janma A... rAjakumArI suke malAthI thayuM hatuM ema lakhe che. teo kahe che ke, vikramacaritre pitAnI bAlyAvasthA pitAnA mosALa pratiSThAnapuramAM (mArA saMzodhana mujaba bennATakamAM) vitAvI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 241 hatI. tyAM te devakumAra nAmathI saMbodhA hatA, paraMtu ujajayinImAM tenA pitA vikamAdityanI pAse AvyA bAda tenuM nAma "vikramacaritra" rakhAyuM hatuM. zrImetuMganI sthavirAvalI athavA vicArazreNImAM tenuM nAma dharmAditya lakhyuM che. eka jagAe tene vikramasena tarIke paNa Alekhe che. 274 jyAre purANomAM tenuM nAma mAdhavasena athavA mAdhavAditya paNa maLI Ave che. uparokta badhA lekhakemAMthI keI vikalpa tarIke paNa "nabhasena" e nAmane sparza nathI. famorI mAM balamitra-bhAnumitra 5chI "nahaNa' nAma neMdhavAmAM Ave che. saMbhava che ke, "nahavahaNane badale e "nahaNa" neMdhAyuM che. jaina sAhityamAM zAlavAhanane-hAla sAtavAhanane bhayaccha (bharukaccha-bharUca)nA "navANu"-naravAhana rAjA para hale karate jaNAvyo che. e nahavANa vikramAdityane putra hoI te tenA vaDila gardabhasena ane vikamasenanI mAphaka senAnta haze evI ka9panAmAMthI uparokta naha " e nAma janmI gayuM hoya ema lAge che. bAkI satya vAta e che ke, zAlivAhane bharUcanA rAjA para hallo karyo hato. te rAjA nahavANa nahi, paraMtu vikramA dityane putra vikramacaritra hato. "mAtra Hivo' e niyuktinI gAthAmAM ane tenI TIkAmAM pratiSThAnapuranA sAlavAhaNanI bharUcanA rAjA naDavANa paranI caDhAInI vAta lakhavAmAM AvI che, paraMtu pratiSThAnapuranA ane bharUcanA e rAjAonI spaSTa oLakha thavI muzkela che. saMbhava che ke, bharUca para kaMIka kAla rAjya karatA, ujajayinInA balamitra-bhAnumitranA putra navAhana para athavA to kSaharATa rAjA "nahapANa" para ma. ni. nI cothI sadInAM madhya be caraNomAM vidyamAna kaI pratiSThAnanA sAtavAhana rAjAnI e caDhAI hoya ane te, pAchaLanI balamitra (vikramAditya) nA putra vikramacaritra para zAlivAhane (hAle karelI caDhAInI sAthe ekameka thaI jaI viveka na karI na zakAya tevI rIte hakIkatamAM lakhAI gaI hoya. bAkI "nahaNa" e nAma te A sthaLe paNa ApavAmAM AvyuM nathI. Ama chatAM vikramacaritranuM nabhasena ke mAdhavasena evuM simAnta keI nAma hoya te bhale he; paraMtu vikamasena evuM nAma tenA pitA vikramAdityanuM havA saMbhava che, tenuM potAnuM te nahi ja. zubhazIlagaNi pitAnA vikramacaritramAM spaSTa rIte vikramacaritra nAmanA ja rAjA sAthe zAlivAhananI saMdhino banAva Alekhe che. 275 (274) purAtana prabandha saMgraha-vikramAMka prabandhamAM vikramaputra- vikramasena saMbandha prabandha pR. 5 ane prabandhakeza-vikramAditya prabandha pR. 78 (siM. zai. graMthamAlA ) mAM vikramAdityanA putra vikramasenane vikramAdityanI gAdIe abhiSeka karyAnI hakIkata che. (275) Ama chatAM vikramacaritra enuM nAma vikramasena paNa heya tathA vikramAdityanuM nAma senAta eTale vikramasena na ja heya, ane A mATe prabanyakArone ulekha prAmANika ja hoya to tene mAnavAmAM paNa koI jAtane virodha nathI. 31

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242 avaMtinuM Adhipatya - rAjA vikramacaritra e bahu samabhAvazIla, nyAyI ane dharmaniSTha haze tethI zuM te dharmAditya nAme oLakhAtuM haze ? sAdhananA abhAve ApaNane tenA viSe jhAjhuM jANavA maLatuM nathI, paraMtu vikramAdityanA caritramAM prAsaMgika tenA viSe je thoDe ghaNe ullekha thayeluM jovAmAM Ave che te parathI kahI zakAya tema che ke, e rAjA bahu buddhizALI, nirabhimAnI ane prajApriya hate. vikramAdityanI jema teNe paNa vArasAmAM maLelA rAjyane vistAravA ane lehI reDI anya pradeza para sattA jamAvavA koIpaNa prayatna karyo hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. te rAjya para AvyA te daramIyAna A% rAjA zAlivAhana dakSiNA pathamAM barAbara sthira thaI cukyo hato ane te vItatA samayanI sAthe sattA tathA baLamAM majabUta thatuM jatuM hatuM. zAlivAhananA vIra yoddhA zudrake zuMbha (kA) pAsethI vidizAnuM rAjya, zAlivAhana ane vikramAdityanuM bharUca AgaLa yuddha thayuM tenI pUrve ja lIdhuM hatuM ane te pachI tenI pUrvanA pradezamAM teNe majabUta pagadaMDo jamAvavA mAMDyo hato, eTale vikramacaritrane te dizAmAM kAMI paNa karavAnuM hatuM ja nahi. kemake, te A% rAjyanI sAthe saMdhithI baMdhAyo hato ane tenI sAthe athaDA athaDImAM UtaravuM e tenI saMtoSavRttine tathA dIrdhadarzitAne ananukUla heI jakhamI paNa hatuM. mathurAthI laI hindanA vAyavya pradeza sudhImAM majabUta sattA dharAvate pArthiyana rAjA goDaphAranesa ke goDepherIsa (gudaphane yA gudulara) ma. ni. 511 ke pa2-I. sa. 45 nI lagabhaga svadezamAM cAlyo gaye tethI pUrva se karatAM paNa vadhAre samayathI, moasa ane ejesathI laI geDaphAranesa sudhInA pArthiyana rAjAonI sattA lagabhaga pazcima bhAratanA AkhA ya uttara bhAgamAM patharAyelI hatI. A sattA para vikramAditye ke vikramacaritre AkramaNa karyuM hoya ke tenI sAthe teo koI jAtanI athaDAmaNamAM AvyA hoya ema ItihAsa kahete nathI, tema e pArthiyana rAjAoe paNa avantinA e rAjAne chaMcheDavA IrAde se hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. zAlivAhane lATa, saurASTra, kukura vigere dezonI zaka-chaharATa vigere jAtione dabAvI dIdhI hatI tethI te taraphathI paNa zAti hatI. arthAta; vikamacaritranI soSavRttine anukUla sarva paristhiti hovAthI tenuM rAjya mAnava sukhazAntinA dhoraNane anusarI, paraMparAgata kathAo jaNAve che tema, kadAca tenA pitAnI sarakhAmaNImAM keTalIka bAbatomAM UtaratI kaLAnuM haze te paNa, sArI rIte AbAdI bhegavI rahyuM hatuM. rAjA vikramacaritra zrIsiddhasena divAkaranA paricayamAM Avyo hate ema jANavA maLe che, paraMtu tenuM jainatva keTalI hade AgaLa vadheluM hatuM athavA teNe jenadharma saMbaMdhI zI zI pravRttio AdarI hatI e, tevAM sAdhananA abhAve ApaNe jANa zakatA nathI. ujajayinInI gAdI para AvyA pahelAM teNe valabhI (saurASTramAM bhAvanagaranA rAjyamAM hAla jyAM vaLA nAmanuM gAma che te pradezamAM raheluM pura)nA rAjAnI kuMvarI zubhamatI sAthe lagna karyuM hatuM, ema zubhAzIlagaNi nedhe che, paraMtu te samaye valabhIpura hatuM ke kema, e eka prazna ja che. vikramAditya pachIne eka rAjA arabI samudranA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 243 keIka dvIpanA rAjAnI kuMvarIne paraNyo hato, ema kahevAmAM Ave che; paraMtu e dvIpa, dvIpa tarIke rahele valabhIne pradeza ke anya keI, enI kaI jagAe sapaSTatA nathI. madhumatI (hAlanuM mahuvA) nA bhAvaDanA putra jAvaDanA samaye 26 mugaloe (A leke mugalo nahi paNa A hevA saMbhava che) saurASTra para hallo karyo hato ane teo anAdi luMTI gayA hatA. temaNe manuSyanuM paNa apaharaNa karyuM hatuM. A parathI prazna UThe che ke, A vakhate dvIpa tarIke rahelI valabhIne prathama bhaMga thaye haze zuM? ane je pAchaLanA samayamAM eTale ke vikramanI trIjI sadImAM AbhIra rAjAe valabhI vasAvyAnI hakIkata maLe che te e bhaMga thayelI valabhInI pharI sthApanA rUpa haze zuM? vaiyAkaraNa pANinInA gaNapAThamAM valabhIne ulekha thayo che vigere kAraNothI uparokta praznone javAba "hA" mAM hoya te, bhalene, hakIkatamAM kaMIka pheraphAra haze, paNa vikamacaritra A taraphanA koI rAjAnI ane tenuM zubhAzIlagaNi kahe che tema, valabhInA rAjAnI kanyA sAthe para hatuM, emAM jarUra kaI vastu che. vikramacaritrane valabhInA rAjAnI kanyA sAtheno lagnaprasaMga ane tenA mATe noMdhAyelI anya hakIkata parathI e spaSTa samajAya che ke, te duniyAdArImAM bahu ghaDAyala ane sahadaya hatuM. tenA rAjaya daramIyAna avanti deza (276) jAvaDane samaya, "vikrama pachI 108 varSe teNe zatruMjaya para pratimA sthApana karI" evo vividhatIrtha kapamAM ullekha hevAthI, vikramanI pahelI sadInA aMta bhAganI lagabhaga hevAnuM nakkI thAya che. cAlu saMpradAya pramANe e zatruMjayadvArane samaya ma. ni. 578 ane A lekhanA svIkRta saMpradAya pramANe ma. ni. 518 Ave. " jAkuTI nAmanA zrAvake vikramathI 150 varSa vItatAM giranAra paranA nemijinanA cityane uddhAra karyo hata" ema prabhAvakacaritamAM kahyuM che. A jAkuTa'nA sthAne " jAvaDI' evuM pAThAntara maLI Ave che, tethI A kArya paNa zatruddhAraka jAvaDe ja karyuM che ema mAnavAmAM Ave che, paNa virodha e Ave che ke, jAvaDa zatruMjoddhAra karyA pachI 42 varSa eTale vi. saM. 100thI 150 sudhI jIvato rahyo nathI. enuM mRtyu e uddhAra pachI tarata ja thayeluM che ema lakhavAmAM Ave che. eTale A bAbatanI jevI joIe tevI spaSTatA thatI nathI. uparokta banne ullekha A pramANe che - "aSTottare varSazate-'tIte zrI vikramAdiha / bahudravyavyayAda bimba, jAvaDiH sanyavIvizat // 72 // vividhatIrthakalpa-zatruMjayatIrthaka95 pR. (si. je. graMthamAlA ) saMvatsarazate paJcAzatA, shriivikrmaarktH| sAgre jAkuTi (jAvaDi)nodvAre,zrAddhena vihite sti||177 zrItarikUIbhya-zrInemimArA ghA varSojUdatamadAra, karAsendrikumRtam | 278 in prabhAvaka carita-vRddhavAdisaricarita pR. 61 (si. je. graMthamAlA) prAcIna che. saM. pramANe vi. saM. 150 e ma. ni. 560 hoI te samaye jAvaDe zrInemanAthanA caityane uddhAra karyo haze ane te pachI cAlu jai. saM. pramANe vi. saM. 108 mAM eTale ma. ni pa8 (bhA. vA. pra. 565) mAM zrI zatruMjayatIrthane uddhAra karyo haze evA anumAna para jaIe; athavA kuTIne jAvaDI-jAvaDane putra mAnI nemijinanA cityane uddhArasamaya cAlu che. saM. pramANe vi. saM. 150 eTale ma. ni. 620 mAnIe te virodha TaLI jaI e bAbatanI 25STatA thaI jAya che.

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/1///////// 244 avaMtinuM Adhipatya anya darzane karatAM savizeSa jainadarzananA vAtAvaraNa nIce hato tethI vikramacaritra eka jaina rAjA tarIke dhArmika kAryomAM niSkiya to nahi ja rahyo hoya. pratiSThAnanA zAlivAhana ane vidizAnA zudrakanI jema te paNa jainadharmanI pravRttiomAM bhAga leto ja haze, paraMtu ApaNe te viSe jhAjhuM jANatA na hovAthI kAMI paNa kahI zakatA nathI. vikramAdityanA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM ane vikramacaritranA rAjatvakAlanAM prathamanAM varSomAM kramazaH AryamaMgu ane Aryadharma e be yugapradhAne vidyamAna hatA. 177 (277) mAthura vAcana pramANe Arya sAMDiya pachI 15 mA yugapradhAne Aryasamudra gaNAyA che, jyAre vAlIvAcanAnusAre 13 mA maMdila pachI 14 mA yugapradhAna Ayarevatimitra gaNAyA che. emane yugapradhAnatvakAla ma. ni. 414 thI 450 sudhI hato. A pachI banne vAcanAomAM AryamaMgu, Aryadharma ane bhadragupta e yugapradhAne anukrame thayelA mAnavAmAM Ave che. AryamaMgu ane Arya dharmane eka mAnanAro paNa matAntara hoI temanuM AyuSya 102 varSanuM nedhavAmAM Ave che. yugapradhAna paTTAvalImAM Ayarevati ane AryamaMgu (Aryadharma)ne gArDAdiparyAya AvI rIte seMdhAyo che. vA. yugapradhyAna gAIzyaparyAya zramaNyaparyAya yugapradhAnatvaparyAya sarjAyu paTTAvalI varSa ma. ni. varSa ma. ni. vI ma. ni. varSa ma. ni. 14 phevatimitra 14 (35ra-36 6) 48 (3-44) 36 (414-4pa0) 98 (35-420) 15 AryamaMgu 14 (392-40 1) 44 (406-420) 44 (450-494) 102 (992-94) 16 Aryadhama" A pachI bane vAcanAomAM zrI bhadraguptane yugapradhAna gaNyA che, paNa mAthurI vAcanA temane yugapradhAnatvakAla 4 varSa gaNe che, jyAre vAlabhI vAcanA 39 varSa gaNe che. bhadragupta pachI mAtharIvAcanA zrI vajIne lAve che. tyAre vAlabIvAcanA 15 varSanA yugapradhAnatvakAlavALA zrIgupatane jaNAvI pachI zrIvane nAdhe che. banne vacanAonI gaNatarImAM ahiM 13 varSanuM aMtara paDI jAya che. kemake, mAdhurI vAcanAe bhadraguptanAM 41 varSa mAnyAM, jyAre valabhI vAcanAe bhadraguptanA sthAne bhadragupta ane zrIyuta ema be yugapradhAnone 3+=54 varSa yugapradhAnatvakAlavALA mAnatAM temanI gaNatarImAM 5-46=3 varSa vadhAre hatAM eTale sAlavArI noMdhavAmAM phera paDe ane te pachInI gaNatarImAM e takAvata cAlu ja rahyo. yugapradhAna paTTAvalImAM bhadraguptAdine gAuMsthAdiparyAya nIce pramANe jaNAvavAmAM Ave che. vA. yugapradhAna gAIdhyaparyAya zrAmara 5ryAya yugapradhAnatvaparyAya sarvoya mAtharIvA pramANe padAvalI mA. varSa ma. ni. varSa ma. ni. varSa ma. ni. varSa ma. ni. 16 bhAdragupta (18) 1 (428-449) 45 (449-494) 39 (494533) 105 (428-533) (430-535) 18 zrIgupta (x) 35 (448-483) 50 (483-533) 15 (533-548) 100 (448 548)(x 4) 19 AryavA 8 (496-194) 84 (504-548) 36 (548584) 88 (496 584) (583-571) 20 ArakSita 22 (522-544, 40 (544-584) 3 (584597) 75 (522597) (5 9-584) 21 puSyamitra 17 (550-567) - (567-597) 20 (597-617) 67 (550-617) (537-6 04) 20 mA yugapradhAna AyaMrakSitanA yugapradhAnavane aMta valabhI vAcanA pramANe 57 ane mAthu. rIvAcanA pramANe 584 Ave che. banne vAcanAonA anusAra A pachInA yugapradhAne ane temane gayupradhAnatvAkAla A pramANe che :

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ava'tinu' Adhipatya 245 emanA samaya anukrame ma. ni. 450 thI 470-I. sa. pU. 17 thI I. sa. 3 ane ma.ni. 470 thI 44-4. sa. 3 thI I. sa. 27 hatA. e banne yugapradhAnA eka ja vyakti hatA evA matAntara che. vaLI A gu.ni. 467-I. sa.0 mAM svastha thayA hatA evA paNa ullekha matAntara tarIke maLI Ave che. A samaye jainadharmanA pracAranuM kSetra dakSiNApatha paNa hatuM. zrIsiddhasena divAkara sUryanI jema prakAzatA dakSiNApathanA pratiSThAnapuramAM ja asta pAmyA hatA, ema prabhAvakacaritamAM kahevAyuM che. mAnakheTanA kRSNarAjanA mAnItA vidyAsiddha pAdaliptasUri paNa A samaye dakSiNApathamAM jainadharmanI prabhAvanA karI rahyA hatA. pratiSThAnapuranA AndhrarAjA zAlivAhana ane tenA vidvAna vIra matrI zUdraka para zrIpAdaliptanA pUrNa prabhAva paDayA hatA. zUdraka ke, je gRha. kathAnA raciyatA guNADhaya hAvA saMbhava che, te pAdaliptasUrinA ziSya-vidyArthI hoya ema prAmANika anumAnathI sAkhIta thaI zake che. pAdaliptasUrijIe lAMmAM lAMmAM yama kAvALI 'taraMgavarUM' nAmanI adbhuta prAkRta kathAnuM sarjana karI tathA bIjI trIjI rIte prAkRta bhASAnI sarva temukhI birudAvalI khelAvarAvI hatI. e sUrinA paricayathI zAlivAhana (hAla) rAjA, jo ke auddhAdi anya danAne yathAyeAgya Adara ApatA hatA te paNa, te dhArmika zraddhAmAM custa jaina ja hatA. A vAtanI sAkhItI teNe karAvelA, jaina mahAtIrtha zrIzatruMjayanA uddhAra parathI maLI Ave che. zatru jayanA e uddhAramAM zAlivAhananI sAthe vikramAditya pazu hatA. A vikramAditya gabhillavaMzIya na heAI zake. kAraNa ke, te peAtAnI 100 varSano vacce zAlivAhananA eka pratispardhi tarIke tenI sAthe yuddha karyAM khAI bahu ja alpa samayamAM ja mRtyu pAmyA hatA, ane tethI zAlivAhananA sarhacArI tarIke te hAya evA saMbhava ja zAlivAhane karelA e uddhAramAM bhAga nathI. mAthurI yugapradhAna paTTAvalI vAlabhI yugapradhAna paTTAvalI va 22 A. vajrasena 3 23 A. nAgati 9 24 A. revatimitra pa 25 A. siMhasurI 78 26 A. nAgArjuna 78 27 A. bhUddinna ha 28 A. kAlakAyAya 11 617-620 }20-689 689742 48826 826904 94-953 987994 21 A. Adila 22 A. nAgahastI 21 A. revatinakSatra 24 A. brahmaddIpakasiMha 25 A. ska MdilAcAya 26 A. himavaMta 27 AM. nAgArjuna 28 A. gAviMda 29 A. bhUtanni 30 A. lauhitya 31 A. di 31 A. devardhigaNi 36 (571 6 07) 69 (607676) 59 (666 735) 78 (735-813) 78 (813891) 291 * \ Z 11 981

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246 avaMtinuM Adhipatya lenAra zikArI vikramAditya nahi, paraMtu enA nAmanI sAthe maLatA nAmavALo athavA kadAca vikramAditya upAdhine dhAraka ke anya ja rAjA hovo joIe. saMbhava che ke, te vidizAne vijetA-zAlivAhanathI ardha rAjya pAmelo-vidarbharAja tarIke oLakhAte bRha thAne vIravAra vikramazakti athavA purANene zudraka (sikakanuM vAstavika mULarUpa) che, ke je pitAnuM eka nAma guNADhaya paNa dharAvate hAI zrIpAdaliptasUrinA paricayathI custa jaina banela hatuM. A zAlivAhana ane zudraka viSe vizeSa hakIkta AgaLa para lakhavAmAM Avaze te parathI vAcako temanI kAMIka oLakha karI leze. have vikamacaritra pachI ujajayinInA adhipati tarIke AvelA bhAIlAdi traNa gardabhilavaMzIya rAjAo viSe ahiM sUcana karI laIe. bhAilAditrika 35 varSa, ma. ni. 510-545 (vi. saM. 100-135, I. sa. 43-38.) vikramacaritra pachI ujajayinI para anukrame bhAIla, nAIla ane nAha, e traNa rAjAo adhipati tarIke AvyA hatA. temane rAjavaMkAla anukrame 11,14 ane 10 varSa che. ItihAsamAM A rAjAonAM nAma ane rAjatvakAla sivAya bIjI koI paNa hakIkata lakhAyelI bhAgye ja jovA maLe che, ane tethI meM temane ahiM samuccaya tarIke ja AlekhyA che. A brarAjA zAlivAhana vigerenA ane AzvabhUtya rAjA zudraka (vikramazakti)ne cAre tarapha hara suThThara vIMTaLAI vaLelA mahAna paribaLa vacce e rAjAonuM ujajayinI paranuM Adhipatya sauhArdathI ja jIvatuM rahyuM hoya te nA nahi. game tema paNa e samaya daramIyAna emanA rAjyanI prajA zAnta ane svastha jIvana vitAvI rahI hatI. gardabhilavaMzanA uparokta bhAIlAdi traNa rAjAonA samayamAM zrIbhadraguptAcArya ane zrIvAsvAmI e kramazaH yugapradhAna hatA. temane yugapradhAnatvakAla anukrame ma. ni. 494 thI 535 (I. sa. 27 thI 68) ane ma. ni. pa35 thI 571) (I. sa. 68 thI 104) sudhI hatA. A beMdha mAthurIvAcanA pramANe che, paraMtu tethI judI paDatI vAlajIvAcanA bhadraguptAcArya ane vAsvAmI e benA vacce eka zrIguptanAmanA yugapradhAnane mAne che ane temane yugapradhAnava kAla 15 varSa jaNAvI, bhadraguptAcAryanAM ma. ni. 494 thI 535 sudhInAM 4 varSa na rAkhatAM ma. ni. 494 thI 533 sudhInAM 39 varSa rAkhe che tathA temanI pachI zrIguptanAM ma. ni. pa33 thI 548 sudhInAM 15 varSa jaNAvI zrI vAsvAmInAM ma. ni. 548 thI 584 sudhInAM 36 varSa rAkhe che. pariNAme, e bane vAcanAonI gaNatarImAM 13 varSanuM aMtara paDI jAya che, ke jenI neMdha zrIdevadhigaNikSamAzramaNe zrIkalpasUtramAM tene lekhana samaya jaNAvatAM spaSTa rIte lIdhelI Aje ApaNane vAMcavA maLe che. A samaya daramIyAna uparokta yugapradhAne sivAya tesaliputrAcArya,

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ka avaMtinuM Adhipatya 247 Arya siMhagiri vigere bIjA paNa mahAna AcAryo potAnA upadezAmRtathI bhAratabhUmine siMcatA jainazAsananI prabhAvanA karI rahyA hatA. jaina dharma e, pratispardhi bauddha ane vaidika dharmanI sAthe harIphAImAM vizeSa vyApaka ane vijayavaMte hate. avanine pradeza yugapradhAnenAM ane jana zramaNanAM pagalAMthI satata pAvana banelo ja rahyo hato. zrI Arya rakSite zrIbhadraguptAcAryanuM aMtima nirdhAmaNa ujayinI nagarImAM ja karyuM hatuM. avati deza jainadharmathI bahu bahu ja saMskArita banelo hato. cAre varNanA moTA bhAgamAM jaina saMskRtinI khUba khUba asara hatI. bhAIbrAdi rAjAe pitAne vArasAmAM maLelI jaina saMskRtithI saMskRta ja haze ema ApaNe anumAna karI zakIe, paraMtu tene samarthaka ullekha maLe muzkela che. vikramacaritra ane bhAIlAdi rAjAonA paraspara sagapaNasaMbaMdha viSe paNa kyAMyathI kAMI spaSTa jANavA maLatuM nathI, tema ja gardabhillavaMzanA chellA rAjA nAhaDanuM avanti paranuM Adhipatya kenA hAthe ane kevA saMjogomAM samApta thayuM e saMbaMdhI paNa spaSTa ullekha ItihAsamAM maLatuM nathI. ma. ni. 605 sudhI gardabhillavaMzane laI jate cAlu jana saMpradAya e vaMzane aMta avanimAM zaka rAjAnI utpattithI thayela mAne che, paraMtu e saMpradAyathI bhinna saMpradAyane anusaratA A lekhanI gaNatarI pramANe ene aMta ma. ni. 545 varSe Ave che, tethI ene aMta lAvanAra zaka rAjA nahi, paNa anya ja keI rAjA che. AdmavaMzanA AlekhanamAM sAbIta karavAmAM Avaze ke, zaka rAjAe avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM te gardabhillo pAsethI nahi, paraMtu Andho pAsethI meLavyuM hatuM, ane tethI zaka rAjAnI pUrve avanti paranuM Adhipatya bhegavatA keI A% rAjAe ja gardabhillavaMzane aMta A hevo joIe e spaSTa ja che. e A... rAjA ma. ni. 545-vi. saM. 135 (I. sa. 78) varSe gAdI para AvanAra (naM. 15) ziva (sAtakarNi) hato. enA vize avanita para 60 varSa Adhipatya bhogavyuM hoI have ApaNe tenA avanti paranA Adhipatyane AlekhIe.

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Andhravaza 60 varSa, ma. ni. 545-60 pa ( vi. sa. 135--195, I. sa. 78--138 ) sAMcInA meATA stUpanA dakSiNI teAraNu paranA lekhamAM rAjA zrIsAtaNinA kArIgara vAziSIputra Ana de e tAraNanuM dAna karyAnI hakIkata che. ujjayinInA vizeSa cihnavALA rAjA zrIzAtanA e eka sikkAe mAlavAmAMthI maLI AvyA che. pratiSThAnapuranA vikramasihe ke vikramasene ujjiyanIne jItI hatI ane sava pRthvInA upaleAga karyo hatA, ema bRhatkathAnAM saMskRta rUpAntaramAM kahevAyuM che. gautamI khAlazrIe peAtAnA pautra vAziSThIputra pulumAvInA rAjyanA 19 mA varSamAM nAzikanA zilAlekhamAM kotarAvyuM che ke, gautamIputra sAtakaNuM saurASTra Adi aneka dezeAnI sAthe AkarAvantinA pati hato. ( mArI noMdha pramANe A gau sAtaNi e AndhravaMzAvalInA na016 yajJazrI nAmanA AndhrarAjA hoI, tenA rAjyasamaya mani. 573-594, I. sa. 106-127 sudhI hateA. ) zaka rAjA rudradAmAnA, jUnAgaDha najIkanI azeAkanA lekhavALI zilA para lakhAyalA lekhamAM lakhAyuM che ke, rudradAmAe potAnA khaLathI aneka dezonI sAthe pUrvAparAntinuM svAmitva meLavyuM hatuM. ( A lekhane samaya mani. 617, I. sa. 150 che. kemake temAM hara nA aMka hAI te zaka saMvatanI sAthe meLa khAya che. avantinA svAmI rudradAmAne A lekha avantipati gautamI khAlazrInA putra yajJazrI sAtakaNinA rAjyAnta pachI 24 mA varSomAM lakhAyA hatA. lekhamAM rudradAmAe sAtakane e vAra khuTTA yuddhamAM harAvyAnI hakIkta lakhAI che tethI phalita thAya che ke, e sAtakaNa na016 yajJazrInA putra avantipati vAziSThIputra catrapaNa puleAmAvI hatA.) rudradAmAnA lekha lakhAyA pachI 238 varSa karatAM paNa vadhAre samaya zake|nuM Adhipatya avanti para rahyuM hatuM, sivAya ke Izvaradatta AbhIre vacagALe eeka varSa avantinA kabajo karyo hoya. upara je aitihAsika hakIkata noMdhavAmAM AvI che te parathI sAkhIta thAya che ke, zaka rudradAmAnI najIkanA pUrvamAM avanti para AndhronuM Adhipatya hatuM. have jo cAlu jai. saMpradAya pramANe vicArIe te koI paNa rIte te samaye avanti para AntravaMzanuM Adhipatya ghaTI zakatuM nathI. kemake, e saMpradAya varSe vikramAditya gAdI para AvyA pachI 135 varSa ane tyAra bAda tarata ja eTale ni. 605 varSe spaSTa kahe che ke, ma.ni. 470 gabhiddo avanti para rahyA hatA avantimAM zaka rAjAnI utpati thaI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 249 hatI. A lekhamAM svIkArelA saMpradAya pramANe vikramAdityane rAjyAraMbha mani. 410 varSe haI gardajillAnA rAjyane aMta tyArathI 135 varSe eTale ma.ni. 545 varSe Ave che, ane tethI tyAra bAda mani. 605 varSe zaka rAjAnI utpatti thaI tenI pUrve vacagALAnAM 60 varSa phAjala paDe che te daramiyAna avanti para A~-Adhipatya sukhethI ghaTAvI zakAya tema che. phakta, zodhavAnuM e ja bAkI rahe che ke, AdmavaMzAvalInA kayA AdmarAjAe gardabhille pAsethI avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM. vikramAdityanA AlekhanamAM pUrve, cAlu vikrama saMvatane pravartaka avantipati zakAri vikramAditya kaI AdmarAjA hoI zake ke kema ene vicAra karatAM, matsya purANunI ane purANoparathI saMzodhita mArI Azva vaMzAvalInI neMdha tathA te aMge keTaluMka prAsaMgika lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. e AndravaMzAvalInA avanti para Adhipatya bhogavanArA rAjAo viSe lakhatAM have ahiM AdmavaMzane jarUrIyAta purate keTalAka ItihAsa ApIe ke jethI kyAre ne karyo Andha rAjA avantinuM Adhipatya meLavI zakaye hatuM e . spaSTa samajAya. masyapurANa AzvavaMzane lakhatAM zarUAtamAM zizukanuM nAma Ape che, ane pachI zizuka e simuka che ema mAnI AndharAjAonAM pratyekanAM nAma ane temanAM rAjyavarSa lakhe che. vAyu vigere purANamAM matsyapurAnA zizukanI jagAe sidhuka, sikaka Adi nAma lakhAyAM che. zizukanA pUrvetihAsanI khabara paurANikane na heI, teo tene tenAthI barse-savA baseM karatAM paNa vadhAre pAchaLa thanArA kAvAyana rAjA suzarmAnI pAsethI baLAtkAre rAjya meLavanAre lakhe che. kadAca, ema paNa banyuM hoya ke, "AdmajAtIya (AdhrabhUtya) zeSake (zukrake) kAvAyana suzarmA pAsethI tenuM (vidizAnuM) rAjya paDAvI lIdhuM hatuM." evI matalabane jaNAvanArA lekamAM lekhakanA hAthe ziSaka ke zudrakanA badale zizuka ke siTraka lakhAyeluM jemAM ane AdmajAtIya e rAjAne AdmajAtIya simuka samajatAM pAchaLathI koIe AndrabhUtyanI vaMzAvalInI zarUAtanA e lokane AzvavaMzanI vaMzAvalInI zarUAtamAM ghuseDI dIdhe heya. bAkI, kAsvarAjyane aMta IsunI pahelI sadInI zarUAtamAM thayo che, jyAre AzvavaMzanI zarUAta I.sapU. 238 varSe thaI che, eTale kAva rAjA suzarmAne ane AdmarAjA simukane, temanI vacce sAmayika lAMbu aMtara heI, paraspara kaI rIte saMbaMdha ja nathI. nAnAghATanA lekhomAM simukanuM nAma vaMcAya che. tyAM tenI oLakha "sAtavAhana" tarIke ApI che. sAhityagata ullekhathI jANavA maLe che ke, sAtavAhana e kulanuM nAma che, simukanA pUrvaja sAtavAhanathI te zarU thayuM haze. kathAsaritsAgaramAM kIpikaNinA putranI utpattimAM je sAtavAhananI kathA AlekhAI che te ghaNI prAcIna heI, tenA e putra hAlanI utpattimAM goThavAI gaI che. Ama "sAtavAhana" e simakAdi AgharAjAonuM 32

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250 avaMtinuM Adhipatya kula hoI badhA ya e rAjAo sAtavAhana tarIke oLakhAvI zakAya. jenagranthamAM (naM05) skaMdhastazmine ane gAthAsaptazatImAM hAle pitAne sAtavAhana tarIke ja lakhe che. masyapu AdmajAtIya rAjA simukathI AzvavaMzanI zarUAta kare che, paraMtu tenuM rAjya kyAM hatuM, tenA rAjayane viratAra keTalo hato, tenuM rAjanagara kayuM hatuM, vigere saMbaMdhI teNe kAMI paNa lakhyuM nathI. grIka elacI megesthanIsanA kathana mujaba, maurya . candraguptanA samayamAM dakSiNa bhAratamAM majabUta lazkarI baLa dharAvatuM eka AdharAjya hatuM ema jANavA maLe che. samrATa azoke tenA para pitAnI amukAze sarvoparItA sthApI hatI, paraMtu tenA mRtyu bAda Adhroe tene phagAvI dIdhI hatI ema azakanA vArasa saMpratie Aghane pharIthI jItyo hato evA jaina ullekha parathI samajAya che. saMbhava che ke, maurya sarvoparItAne pheMkI devAnuM e kArya simuke ja karyuM hoya. simuka A prajAtino hoI Admadezano rAjA hatA. tenI rAjadhAnI kRSNAnadIne maLatI muzInadInA pradezamAM AvelA muSikanagaramAM hatI. teNe pazcimamAM pratiSThAna sudhI pradeza jItI laI pratiSThAnamAM potAne sU nI hate. A sarva saMbhavita hakIkatanI sAme keTalAke prativAda kare che ke, zarUAtanA kahevAtA AndharAjAonuM kAMI paNa cihna AzvamAMthI maLI AvatuM nathI, viruddha; te mahArASTramAMthI maLI Ave che, tethI simuka mahArASTrane rAjA hoI tenI rAjadhAnI pratiSThAnamAM hatI. e rAjA AmbrajAtine ke A pradezano na hate chatAM enA vaMzane Andra tarIke oLakhAvAya che te pAchaLathI enA vaMzajoe Andha jItI lIdho hato tene laIne ja. nAnAghATanA AdhronA lekho para madAra bAMdhIne ja uparokta prativAda karavAmAM Ave che, paraMtu e lekha simukane vaMzaja (naM.3) zrImala (sAkara) mahAraThi saradAranI kanyA nAyanikAne paraNyo te pachInA kotarAyelA hoya to e prativAdane kaI artha ja nathI. A sibukanA rAjyamAM chellAM varSomAM athavA tenI pachI AvelA tenA bhAI (naM02) kRSNanA rAjya daramiyAna maurya samrATu saMpratie Aone tAbe karI temane mauryonI sarvoparItA svIkAravAnI pharaja pADI hatI. (naM. 2) kuSNa pachI (naM. 3) zrImahala gAdIe AvyuM. Adha rAjAonI nedha lenArAM purANa naM. 3 nA A% rAjAne zAtakarNi ke zAtakarNa tarIke lakhe che. phakta majyanA eka pAThAntaramAM te "mala zAtakarNi" ema vizeSa nAma sAthe seMdhA che. zAtakarNinuM prAkRta rUpa "sAtakaMni" che, ema hAthIguphAnA khAravelanA ane nAnAghATanA zilAlekhathI jANavA maLe che. saMskRta sAhityamAM "kaNI' zabda "khabhAthI vahana karAtA vAhana" (pAlakhI) nA arthamAM vaparAyelo maLI Ave che. "sAtavAhana" zabdamAM paNa "vAhana" evA ja arthamAM heI, sAtakarNi e kulasUcaka sAtavAhanane paryAya zada che, pachI bhalene, te zabda keI Andha rAjAnI sAthe joDAyele maLe ke koInI sAthe

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. na paNa maLe. granthakAree Adha rAjAone kulathI oLakhAvavAmAM yatheccha rIte ja kAma lIdhuM che. A zrImala sA. kRSano putra hato ke simukano putra athavA pitra hato, e vivAdano viSaya che. nAnAghATanA zilAlekho parathI huM tenI oLakha AvI rIte ApI zakuM chuM. simukanI athavA tenA putranI rANI (.) nAmanI hatI. zrImahala tene putra hoI teNe pazcimaghATana ane tenI tathA koMkaNunA dariyA kinArAnI vacce amuka pradeza para zAsana karatA aMgikulanA mahAraThi saradAra "yaNukayira"ne jItI lIdho hato. e saradAre pitAnI kanyA nAganikA zrImalane paraNAvI hatI tenAthI vedizrI (pUsaMga) ane hukazrI -zaktizrI (kadAca skaMdhasatabhi) nAmanA be putro thayA hatA. vedizrI dakSiNApatha (mahArASTra ane karNATaka) nuM zAsana karato hato. zrImale keTalAka ya ryA hatA temAM teNe ghaNuM ja dAna-dakSiNA karyA hatAM, ema tenI rANIe ketarAvelA nAnAghATanA zilAlekhanA pUrva bhAgathI jaNAya che. luDaseM naM. 1112 tarIke noMdhelA e lekhane uttara bhAga pAchaLathI kotarAyelo hoI temAM lakhAyelI azvamedha yajJanI hakIkata vedizrI-pUNesaMga sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhe che, nahi ke zrImalanI sAthe. zrImala maunI sarvoparItA nIce hAI svatanna samrATathI ja karI zakAte azvamedha na ja karI zake. zrImala sA. ka. pachI (naM. 4) pUrNasaMga (vedizI) rAjya para Avyo tenA rAjaya daramiyAna, ma. ni. 29-I. sa. pU. 14 varSe ma. sa. saMpratinuM mRtyu thayuM ane maurya sAmrAjya vibhakta thaI nabaLuM paDayuM tyAre teNe maunI sarvoparItA phagAvI daI digavijaya karavA pUrvaka be avamedha karyA haze ema lAge che. saMbhava che ke, eNe digavijaya karatAM khAravelanA pitA kaliMgarAja vaDharAyane jItI laI tAbe karyo hoya, ane pAchaLathI tene badale levA khAravelane AzvarAjya para caDhAI karavI paDI hoya ke jyAre pUNesaMga pachI Avelo (naM. 5) skaMdhastazmi (sA. ka. ) Azva sAmrAjyanuM zAsana karI rahyo hate. masyapupUrNasaMga pachI skaMdhastaklinuM rAjya lakhe che, paraMtu vAyu vigere purANo e nAmane choDI ja de che ane "zAtakarNi" e sAmAnya nAmane ja lakhe che. anumAna thAya che ke, sarva purANe je sAmAnya zAtakarNi nAma lakhe che te aMdhastazmi ja che, ane tethI skaMdhastazminA nAme matsyamAM je 18 varSa lakhAyAM che te khoTAM hoI, masyAdimAM sAmAnya nAma tarIke zAtakaNinAM je pa6 varSa lakhAyAM che te skaMdhastabhinAM samajavAnAM che. Ama skaMdhastazmi ane zAtakarNane eka mAnatAM matsyanI noMdha karatAM mArI neMdhamAM 1 naMbara e cha thavAne ja. A skaMdhastagline vArasAmAM eka vizALa sAmrAjya maLyuM hatuM. tene rAjya maLyA bAda phakta be varSa vItatAM ja tenI avagaNanA karavAne samartha evA hAthIguphAnA lekhavALA khAravelane kaliMganA rAjya para abhiSeka

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252 ava'tinu Adhipatya. . e khAravele peAtAnA rAjyanA bIjA ja varSomAM eTale ma. ni. 302-vi. sa. pU. 109 (i. sa. pU. 166) mAM zAtakaNa ( ska Mdhastamsi) ne na gaNukAratAM eka mADhu lazkara mekalI tenA muSika nagaramAM trAsa vartAyaiA hatA. tyAra pachI e varSe eTale tenA rAjyanA cAthA varSamAM teNe Andhra rAjyanA tAbAnA rASTrikA ane bheAjakAne paNa peAtAnA pagamAM namAvyA hatA. AnA artha e thAya che ke, khAravele Andre rAjyanA vadhatA jatA khaLane ane tenA cakravartitvane dabAvI dIdhuM hatuM. khAravelanu' e dakhANu Andhra para vizeSa paDatAM ska'dhatasmine peAtAnI rAjadhAnI tyAMthI kuMtalanA pratiSThAnamAM lai javAnI AvazyaktA lAgI haze ema anumAna thAya che. saMpratie dakSiNamAM jainadharmanA pracAra ArabyA hatA ane khAravele tene bhAre vega ApyA hatA. pariNAme, Andhra rAjyanA tAbAnA pradezamAM jainadharmanuM vAtAvaraNa jAmyuM ane tenI asara ska Mdhatamnine thatAM, jainagranthA lakhe che tema, te jainadharmopAsaka -zrAvaka banyA hatA. A rAjA zarUAtamAM kayA jainAcAryanA paricayamAM AvyA hatA. te jaNAyuM nathI, paraMtu tenA rAjyanAM chellAM varSomAM te zyAmA (kAlakAcArya) nA paricayamAM Avye hatA ema jainagranthA parathI samajAya che. puSyamitro pachI eka vAra pharIthI avati para Adhipatya meLavanAra alamitra-bhAnumitrathI, tenA jainatvanI vadhatI jatI lAgavaga para dveSIlA kAv mantrInI dAravaNInA kAraNe nirvAsita thanAra zrI zyAmA ujjayinIthI pratiSThAnamAM, uparokta sAtavAhana (ka'dhastamsi) nA rAjya daramIyAna eTale ma. ni. 346 thI 354, i. sa. pU. 121 thI 113 nA vacagALAmAM ja kayAre, e zrAvaka rAjAnI hayAtimAM ja AvyA hatA. saMbhava che ke, khAravelanA mRtyu bAda teNe potAnA rAjyane vatantra ane sutha banAvI tenA vistAra pazcimaghATane lagatA pradezamAMthI uttare tApI nadInA dakSiNa taTa paryaMta lakhAvyA hoya, maurya sAmrAjyanA patanathI lai uparokta skadhastambhinA rAjyAnta sudhInA samaya daramIyAna vibhakta thayelA rAjakartAonA sattAleAbhane laI saMgaThananA ne ekanetRtvanA abhAva, eka cakra rAjya sthApavAnI hariphAi, dhArmika asahiSNutAthI thai rahelI hiMsAkhArI tathA te sAme thaI raheleA bacAva mUlaka pratyAghAta ane aMte paraspara jAgelI. udAsInatA tathA aneka prakAranuM mithyAbhimAna, e sarvanA lAbha levA bhAratanA vAyavyamAMthI UtarI AvelA meTriyana grIkoe tathA temanA saradAra kSaharATee-DimeTrIyasa, mInenDara ane bhramaka, nahapANu, vigeree pazcima bhAratanA dakSiNamAM lATa sudhInA pradeza hastagata karI lIdhA hatA. Akramaka e videzI jAtimAMnA ghaNAkharA leAkeAe bhAratIya saMskRti apanAvI lIdhI hatI. tee alpa samayamAM paNa lagabhaga bhAratIya ja banI gayA hatA. Aja sudhI eTale 'dhastambhinA rAjyAnta sudhI uparAkta e videzIonA AkramaNathI dakSiNuApatha macI gayelA hatA; paraMtu skaMdhatamni pachI AvelA AndhrarAjA (naM. 6) lambaMdaranA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 253 samayamAM te videzI jAtionA AkramaNathI bacavA pAmyo nahi. kSaharATonA-bhUmakanA putra ke vArasa nahapANanA jamAI senApati zaka usavadatanI doravaNI pUrvakanA lazkarI dabANathI dakSiNApathanA AdhrarAjA lAdarane pazcimaghATane lagate kokaNa ane nAzika-punA jillA sudhIne pradeza jato kare paDaye, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu rAjadhAnI tarIke pratiSThAna barAbara salAmata nahi lAgavAthI tene kRSNAnadInA mukhanI najadIkanA pradezamAM bennATakane rAjanagara banAvavuM paDayuM hatuM. laMbodara pachI matsya (naM08) apIlakane muke che. mArI neMdhamAM te naM07 che. A be rAjAe saMbaMdhI temanA nAma sivAya anya hakIkata jANavA maLatI nathI. masya0 apIlaka pachI meghasvAtinuM nAma lakhe che ane tyAra bAda svAti, skaMdasvAti, mRgendrasthAti, kuntalasvAtikaNuM ane svAtikaNuM e 5 nAma lakhI (naM015) pumAvIne lakhe che. mArI naMdhamAM apIlakathI ariSTa vaccenA matsya mAM nedhelA 7 rAjAo abhinna heI, temanuM vizeSa nAma dvIpi hevAthI eka ja rAjA-(naM08) dIpi (sAka, pumAvI) seMdhAyuM che. tenuM upanAma pumAvI hatuM ane kula sAtakarNi hatuM. te bennAkaTakane AndharAjA hato paNa gAdI para AvyA pachI khAravelanA keI (viduharAyanA ma.ni. 395, I. sa. pU. 9ra varSe svargastha thayA pachI AvelA) vaMzaja pAsethI teNe kaliMga jItI letAM kaliMgane rAjA paNa kahevAtuM haze. tenA rAjyanAM Azare vIzeka varSa vItyA bAda dakSiNanA zakee tenA pratiSThAna (kuntala)nA pradeza para sattA jamAvI bhAre raMjADa karavA mAMDI hatI. yugapurANe lakheluM puSpapura e pratiSThAna hAI gopAla, azlATa, vigere teNe lakhelA rAjAo tyAMnA ja zaka rAjA hatA. A sAmAnya duzmanAvaTane laIne ja teNe madada karI, avantinA zake sAme vIra vikramAdityane vijaya apAvyo hato. A pachI pratiSThAnanA zaka rAjAe kaliMgarAja (AndharAja)nI bhUmi para hala karyo hato tyAre kIpie pite skanda-kArtikeyanI jema sinyane derI tene mArI nAkhyo hato. tyAra bAda puratI taiyArI sAthe teNe caDhAI karI pratiSThAnanA pradezamAMthI zakene hAMkI kADhayA ane te kuntalarAja kahevAyuM hatuM. guNADhayanI bRhakathAnAM saMskRta rUpAntaramAM ApelAM ane ahiM dvaSinA prasaMgamAM vicAraNIya amuka AkhyAnene sAra A mujaba che dakSiNApathano rAjA siMhabala tenA gautrothI hArI jatAM pitAnA sasarAne tyAM mAlavapura" mAM gayo. teNe tyAMthI DIeka madada meLavI ane pachI gajAnIka (kaliMgarAja)thI moTI madada meLavI gautrane harAvyA tathA gautranAM rAjaya sAthe pitAnA rAjyane pAchuM meLavyuM." pATalIputranA rAjA vikramAditye pratiSThAnanA rAjA narasiMhane evI rIte chatI levA pratijJA karI ke, potAnA baMdI-mAgadhethI te sevaka tarIke birudAya. A pachI teNe narasiMha para caDhAI karI, paraMtu te tene jItI zakyuM nahi. aMte premathI vazIbhUta madana

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256 avaMtinuM Adhipatya mAlA nAmanI vezyAnA prasaMgathI goThavAyelI bAjI pramANe teNe potAnI pratijJA kalpita rIte pUrNa karavAne dekhAva karyo ane madanamAlAne paNa svAdhIna karI laI gaye." ' "ujajayinInA mahendrAditya rAjAne zivajInI preraNAthI mAlyavaMta gaNane avatAra vikramAditya aparanAma viSamazIla nAme putra thayo. eNe vidarbharAja vikamazaktinI saradArI nIce mekalelA saMnyathI ghaNA dezone jItyA hatA ane sveccha zakone nAza karyo hato." kIpikaNi nAmane eka moTe rAjA hatA. tenI strI zaktimatI sApa karaDavAthI mRtyu pAmI. tene putranI abhilASAthI cintA thaI. zivajIe tene svapnamAM jaNAvyuM ke, "tuM mahAaraNyamAM jaje tyAM tane siMha para beThelA bAlaka maLaze te tArA putra tarIke thaze. bIje divase e rAjA mRgayAe gayo tyAM jaMgalamAM bAlaka sahita siMhane je ane siMhane bANa mArI bAlakaputra meLavyuM. dIpikaNie e putrane sarva vidyAo zIkhavI ane pote virakta thaI cAlyo gayo. A bAlakaputra mahAna rAjA thaye." upara ApelAM AkhyAnomAM kAMIka rUpAntara thayuM che. kharI hakIkata e che ke, (naM08) Dhopi (sAka2,pule ne pitAnA rAjyanI zarUAtamAM gautrathI upadrava thayo hato, paraMtu siMhanI spardhA karI zake evA e rAjAe potAnA mitra kaliMgarAja viduharAyanI madadathI potAnuM rAjya pAchuM meLavyuM hatuM. A narasiMha rAjAnI kanyA sukemalAne meLavavA ujajayinInA gabhillavaMzIya vikramAditye pitAnI divyazaktino upayoga karyo hato ane prapaMcapUrvaka tene meLavI hatI. A dvipine putra na hatAM game te rIte putrane meLavyo hato ke je "hAla" nAmanA mahAna rAjA thayo hato ane jeNe bhAratanA zikone jItI tene tAbe karyA hatA. upara karelA vivecanathI samajAze ke, puraNa ane kasa.sA. vigeremAM mRgendra, siMhabala, narasiMha ane meghasvAmI (meghasvAtI ke meghasaMgha, svAtI ke svAmI ema lakhAyuM che paNa te azuddha lAge che), mahendra, e nAma lakhAyAM che te anukrame dIpi ane tenI upAdhi pumAvInA ja paryAye che. sAtakaNuM (svAtikarNa nahi) e tenA kulanuM nAma che, skaMda e tenuM upamAna che ane kuntalarAja (kuntala e dezanuM nAma hoI brAntithI rAjAnA nAma tarIke lakhAyuM che.) e tenuM vizeSa che. vastutaH e sarva rIte oLakhAte rAjA kIpi nAmano eka ja che. vAyuputra mArA A kathananuM samarthana kare che. kemake, te malyana (naM08) apIlaka ane (naM012 ) ariSTakarNa, e benI vacce matsya nI jema 7 rAjAo nahi, paraMtu teNe lakhelA 36 varSa rAjatvakAlavALA eka pulemAvIne ja-"pahumAvI ne ja lakhe che. viputra ane bhAgavata paNa e sAta rajAomAM meghasvAti ane amAvInA sthAne meghasvAti ane 5humAna ke aTamAna lakhI 5 rAjAone choDI de che tethI paNa samajAya che ke, maDhyamAM vyartha ja ThIpi (sAka, pumAvI)nAM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 255 upAdhi Adine jaNAvanArAM keTalAMka nAma ghusI gayAM che ane pumAvInAM rAjyavarSa 36 ne tyAM 18+18=36, 18+3+4=36 ema astavyasta bevaDAI devAyAM che, ke je badhAM ya gaNatarImAM letAM vikamAditya ane hAlanI samAnakAlInatAne jaNAvanArAM anya sAdhanothI viruddha jatAM asaMgata che. vAyuputra pumAvInAM 24 varSa lakhe che te paNa evI ke garabaDa thayAnuM ja pariNAma che. masya0nI noMdhanI jema mArI neMdhamAM paNa DhIpi (sAka, pulomAvI) pachI ( gau) ariSTa (sAkA) noMdhAyo che. teNe 25 varSa rAjya karyuM che. kIpi pachI tene putra hAla gAdI para AvavuM joIe, paraMtu te rAjA sagIra hovAne laI ariSTa rAjaya karyuM hoya ema lAge che. ariSTa dIpine kevI rIte sage thato hato e jaNAyuM nathI. saMbhava che ke, te teno bhAI, bhatrIje ke najIkane pitRvya thato haze. meM TIppaNamAM maya pudamAMnI AdmavaMzAvalIne mUlapATha Ape che, temAM A rAjAnuM nAma ariSTaka lakhAyuM che, paraMtu matsyanI anya pratiomAM te riktakaNuM, siktavaNuM ane vikRSNa nAme nodhA che. vAyu vigere purANa tene nemikRSNa, gaurakRSNa, ariSTakarmA, aniSTakarmA, vigere nAme paNa nedhe che. lAge che ke, e badhAM ariSTanAM nAmAntara ane azuddha rUpe che. nAzika jillAnA jaMgalakhIgAmamAMthI satrapa rAjA nahapANa kSaharATanA sikkAo maLI AvyA che temAMnA 3 para gautamIputra sAtakaNie pitAnuM maheruM mAryuM che. vaLI nAzika jillAnI leNamAM gautamIputra sAtakarNinA rAjyanA 18 mA varSamAM tenA nAme ane tenA rAjyanA 24mA varSamAM tenA ane jIvasutA rAjamAtAnA ema ubhaya nAme, je be pharamAna kotarAyelAM che, temAM pahelAmAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "bennATakane rAjA gautamI putra sAtakarNi vaijayantI (vanavAsI, uttara kanaDA jIllAnA sirasI tAlukAmAM) nI vijayI chAvaNImAMthI gevaradhana prAnta (nAzika jilalA) nA amAtyane pharamAve che ke, usavadatanI mAlIkInAM "kheta vigerenAM dAnane kAyama rAkhavAM." bIjA pharamAnamAM paNa pahelA pharamAnane lagatI ja hakIkata che. temAM rAjamAtAnuM nAma sAthe hevAthI te pharamAna bekaTakathI kADheluM haze ane te tenA jIvananA chellA divasomAM rAjamAtAe kaheluM haze, ema lAge che. A gautamIputra sAtakaNi mArI naMdhamAne (naM.9) ariSTa che ane bIjA pharamAnamAMnI mahAdevI vasutA rAjamAtA e kIpinI rANI tathA vidyamAna putravALI janmathI rAjA hAlanI mAtA che. uparakta jegalathembIthI maLelA sikkAo ane nAzika jillAnA lekhothI e siddha hakIkata che ke, ariSTanI rAjadhAnI bennA kaTakamAM ja hatI ane nAzika jilalAne pradeza tenA tAbAmAM hato. A rAjAne eka trIje lekha, tene rAjyanA 18 mA varSamAM kADhelA pharamAnavALo, kArlemAM kotarAyale maLI Ave che tethI te punA jillAnA pradezane paNa

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256 avaMtinuM Adhipatya kabaje dhavate hate. samajAya che ke, teNe rAjya para AvyA pachI ane rAjayanA 18 mAM varSa pahelAM kyAreka pazcimaghATanA pUrva pradezamAM (nAzika ane punA vigere jilalAemAM) rAjya karatA zakane (kSaharATa nahapANa ane usavadAtanA rAjya pachI tyAM rAjaya karatA usavadAtanA putra devaNakane athavA tenA anugAmI keI zaka rAjAne ) ukheDI nAkhI tyAM pitAnI rAjasattA sthApI hatI ane tene vahIvaTa nImelA sUbAo mAraphate cAlato hate. pazcima bhAratamAM rAjapUtAnAthI laI lATadeza sudhI pasarelI kSaharATenI sattA ujaja. yinInA adhipati gabhilalanA samayamAM ja nAza pAmI cukI hatI. e pachI zrIkAlakAcAryanI preraNAthI AvelA zaka sAhioe gabhilane nAza karyo hato ane teo soraTha, gujarAta, mAlavA vigerenA mAlIka banI beThA hatA. A zaka keke (naM.8) kIpi (sAka)nI madada pAmelA vikramAdityanA hAthe avaMtimAM yuddha khelyA bAda ni:sattAka ke parAdhIna thaI gayA hatA. tyAra bAda pratiSThAnanA pradezanA zakenI paNa ThIpinA hAthe evI ja dazA thaI. Ama chatAM haju nAzika, punA, vigere jillAone pradeza zaka usavadAtanA dharmaparAyaNa vaMzajonA tAbAmAM hatuM. Azare pa varSathI eka sarakhA pravAhabaMdha AvI A pradezamAM vasavATa karI rahelA kSaharATa, zaka, yavana ane pallava tathA te sarvanA rAjakartA zaka rAjAne jItI levAnuM kAma kaThIna hatuM, chatAM (gau0) ariSTa e kAma pAra pADayuM tethI te laDAyaka, jussAvALe ane parAkramI haze enI nA nathI; paraMtu vaziSThIputra pumAvIne rAjyanA 19mA varSe rAjamAtA ane rAjapitAmahI bAlazrIe ketarAvelA nAzikajillAnI leNanA lekhamAM, je gautamIputra sAtakarNinuM moTA bhAganA dakSiNa bhArata uparAMta saurASTra, kukura, avani vigere dezanA pati tarIke ane zaka, yavana, 5havanA nAzaka tathA kSaharATavaMzanA niravazeSakAraka tarIke varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che, te A ariSTa che ema keTalAka saMzodhake jaNAvI rahyA che te kaI paNa rIte saMgata nathI. gautamIputra sAtakarSinA rAjyanA 24mA varSamAM kADhelA pharamAnamAM rAjamAtA pitAne jIvasutA tarIke jaNAve che. have je e rAjamAtA bAlazrI hoya te, pitAnA nAmanI sAthe putranuM nAma paNa lakhAve che tethI ja tene putra jIvate he te "jIvasutA" siddha hatAM tenuM "jIvasutA" e vizeSaNa vyartha ja thaI paDe che. kharI rIte jIvasutA e vizeSaNa (naM.15) ziva (sA.ka.)nI rANuM ane (naM.16) gautamIputra yajJazrI (sA ka.)nI mAtA bAlazrIne nahi, paraMtu (naM.8) kIpi (sA.ka.)nI rANI ane (naM.10) hAla (zAlavAhana)nI mAtAne lAgu paDe che ane sArthaka paNa che. kIpi (sA.ka) pitAnA putra hAlane rAjya para besADI jaMgalamAM cAlyo gayo. te sagIra hevAthI tenI taraphe rAjamAtA-dvapinI rANI rAjakArabhAra calAvatI hatI, paraMtu

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 257 thoDA ja mahinAomAM kIpinA kuTumbI sagA (kevI rIte e dAyAda-gotra ja hatA te jANavA maLatuM nathI) ariTe AzvarAjyane pitAnA hAthamAM laI lIdhuM. A kAMI pahele prasaMga nathI. AthI pUrve ane pachI paNa AzvarAjyamAM AvI rIte dAyAde taraphathI rAjAonAM rAjya paDAvI levAnuM vAraMvAra banavA pAmyuM che, ema bRhatkathAnAM rUpAntarothI jANavA maLe che. ariSTa rAjya pitAnA hAthamAM lIdhuM, paraMtu teNe saMbaMdha ke sahRdayatA gumAvI dIdhI hoya ema nathI lAgatuM. hAlanuM ane tenI mAtAnuM varcasva paNa amuka aMze tenA rAjatvakAlamAM rahyuM ja haze ema anumAna thAya che. kemake, tenA rAjyanA 24 mA varSamAM ariSTha ( za050 sAka) ane rAjamAtA ema bannenA nAme sahacAravAI karamAna kaDhAya che. AvI paristhitimAM rAjaya para Avelo patra rA para na hotAM te mRtyu pAmyA hoya evA saMbhavane vyavaccheda karavA kIpinI rANIne rAjamAtA zabdanI sAthe jIvasutAnuM sArthaka vizeSaNa rAkhavuM paDayuM hoya ema lAge che. (gau0) ariSTa (sAka)nI pachI hAla (bRhakathAne viSamAzIla) gAdI para AvyA che. "tenA samayamAM zaka chone upadrava cAlu ja hato ane teNe potAnA senAnI vikramazakti dvArA upadrava karatA dakSiNanA zakone jItyA hatA," AvA prakAranA kasasa vigerenA ullekhathI sAbIta thAya che ke, (gau0) ariSTa (sAka) zakAdine nivRdaka ane kSaharATone umUlaka nathI ane tethI te bAlazrInA lekhamAMnA videzI jAtionA saMhAraka (gau0) yajJazrI (sAka) thI jude ja che. zaka usavadAsa ane zika caNana e benI vacce Azare 150 varSanuM aMtara heI, ari usavadAsanA vArasa rAjAne jItI nAzika, punA vigere dakSiNanA jillAonA zake ne ane anya videzI jAtione tAbe karI hatI, jyAre yajJazrIe saurASTramAMnA cainanA vArasa jayadAmAne chatI saurASTra, kukura, avani, vigere dezamAM vaselI zakAdi jAtione nAza ke saMhAra karyo hato. A vastusthitine lakSyamAM na letAM tathA hAla rAjA ane vikramAdityanI samAnakAlInatA sAbIta karatA sAhityagata aneka ullekhane avagaNatAM, zrI jayasvAlajIe avantinA adhipati tarIke hAlanA rAjyAraMbhathI 128 varSe rAjya para AvelA bAlazrInA putra (gau0) yajJazrI (sAka) nA badale, hAlanA puragAmI (gau0) ariSTa (sAka) ne TharAvavA prayatna karyo che, e temanuM sAhasa ja che. kharI hakIkata e che ke, (gau.) ariSTa (sAka) nA rAjya samaye ane hAla (zAlivAhana)nA rAjyanAM 25 ane 23 ke 24 varSa paryanta anukrame, avanti (ujajayinI) mAM gabhilanA putra vikramAdityanuM ane Akara (vidizA)mAM zugabhUnuM ja rAjya hatuM. sAMcIne moTA stUpanA dakSiNI tAraNa para rAjA zrI sAtakaNinA kArIgara vaziSThIputra Anandano eka nAne zo lekha che te, hAla rAjAe zudraka dvArA zuMgabha-kAvAyana suzama pAsethI Akara jItI lIdhA bAda heI, I.sa.nI pahelI sadInA prathama caraNane che ane mAlavAmAMthI ujjayinInA vizeSa cihnavALA sikkA maLe che te, zivazrI (sAka)e ujajayinI para Adhipatya meLavyA bAdanA eTale 33.

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158 avaMtinuM Adhipatya I.sa. 78 pachInA che ane tethI sAMcInA lekhanuM ke uparokta sikkAonuM pramANa ApI ariSTane Akara, avantine pati karAvavA mathavuM e nakAmuM ja che. tenuM rAjya dakSiNA pathamAM ja maryAdita hatuM. A ariSTa (sAbba0) pachI AdmavaMzAvalI lakhanArAM brahmAMDa sivAyanAM purANe "hAla" rAjAne nedhe che. matsya purANa tene rAjatvakAla phakta 5 varSa ja lakhe che. A rAjA gAthAsaptazatImAM pitAne paricaya "kuntalarAja paThaNapati dvIpikarNane putra malayAvatIne pati zataka "hAla" upanAmaka sAtavAhana" AvI rIte Ape che. jaina granthakAre paNa A rAjAne hAla ke sAtavAhana tarIke ja lakhI rahyA che. e "hAla sAtavAhana" mAMthI ja anukrame sAlavAhana, sAlivAhana thaI chevaTe saMskRta lekhakanuM "zAlivAhana" thaI gayuM che. A rAjAnA janmanI sAthe camatkArika kathAo joDI devAI che. keIka tenI utpattimAM sAta nAmanA yakSane lAve che te keIka tene pratiSThAnanA nAgahadanA nAgarAjanuM saMtAna banAvI de che, paraMtu sAtavAhanakulanA prathama puruSanI sAthe ane zUdraka ke guNADhaya mantrInI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAvatI e kathAone ane hAla-zAlivAhanane kAMI lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. bAkI, tenA nAma sAthe e kathAonA joDANa parathI ema te kahI zakAya ke, te eka mahAna samrA heI le ke tenAmAM divyatA hovAnI mAnyatA dharAvatA hatA. ene lekhakoe game te rIte e vAtane ja paDagho pADayo che. sAhityagata ullekha parathI A rAjAnuM rAjaya, purANa lakhe che tema, phakta 5 varSa ja nahi, paraMtu ghaNuM ja vadhAre hovuM joIe ema sahaja samajAya che ane te nIce ApelI hakIkata parathI spaSTa thaze. zakarAjA caTTananA pautra samrA rudradAmAe giranAranI taLeTImAM azoke ketarAvelA lekhavALI zilA para pitAne lekha ketarAve che. temAM teNe pitAne Akara ane avanti sahita ghaNA dezone svAmI jaNAvyo che. vaLI tyAM e paNa ullekha che ke, teNe dakSiNApathapati zAtakarNIne be vAra harAvyo hato. A lekhamAM 72 ne aMka che. saMzodhake kahe che ke, e aMka zakasaMvatane hAI I.sa. 150 (A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe ma.ni. 617-vi.saM. 207)ne e lekha che. I. sa. 130 ane I.sa. 161 nI vacce vidyamAna ane I. sa. 130 pachI Azare 10 thI 15 varSa sudhImAM bhAratamAM Avelo grIka bhUgoLazAstrI bI. TolemI lakhe che ke, A samaya daramIyAna ujayinImAM "TIasTanesa" ane piThaNamAM pumAvI rAjaya karatA hatA. mI. TolemInA kathana parathI samajAze ke, rudradAmAnA lekhamAMne zAtakaNuM e pulomAvI che. rudradAmA ane TelemIne samakAlIna e pumAvI sAtakaNI, naM. 17 ne AnmarAjA ke jenuM nAma "catrapaNu" che ane je vAziSThIputra che teja ghaTI zake che. rudradAmAnA lekha parathI ane TelemInA kathana parathI spaSTa sAbIta thAya che ke, temane samakAlIna pulamAvizAtakarNI (vAziSIputra

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 259 catrapaNu ) keI paNa rIte I.sa.nI bIjI sadInA bIjA caraNathI pUrve ghaNe dUra mukI zakAya tema nathI. have je matsyaputra pramANe "hAla" rAjAnAM 5 varSa ja mAnIe to tenI ja neMdha mujaba hAlanA rAjyAntathI pumAvIne rAjyAraMbha-maDalaka (maMtalaka) 5 varSa, purIndrasena 5 varSa, (saumya-varSa) sundara 1 varSa, cakara vA varSa, zivasvAti 28 varSa, gautamIputra 21 varSa, ema pa+5+ (..) + 1 + + 28+1=5 varSe Ave ane te jainagranthamAM seMdhAyelI hAlanA saMbaMdhI keTalIka ghaTanAone sAmayika vicAra karatAM asaMgata thaI paDe che. jenagranthAmAM lakhAyuM che ke; "hAle-zAlivAhane rAjya para AvyA pachI (dakSiNA patha para majabUta sattA jamAvyA bAda ) pratiSThAnathI vikramAdityanA tAbAnA ane tene putrothI-dhanaMjaya (?) ane nabhasena ( vikramacaritra)thI zAsita lATanA bharUca para vAraMvAra halAo karyA hatA temAM nabhasenanI hAra thayA bAda vikramAditya jAte yuddhamAM UtaratAM tene ghA lAgatAM ke kaI AvI paDelI Akarimaka vyAdhithI pIDAtAM tenuM cha mAsamAM mRtyu thayuM hatuM. A pachI nabha sene-vikamacaritre yuddha jArI rAkhatAM ane tene kAMIka vijaya maLatAM aMte te banenI vacce saMdhi thaI ane hAla rAjA te pachI e lAMbA kALathI cAlatA virodhathI aTakyo hato." jenagranthakAre vikramAdityanuM mRtyu tenA rAjyanAM 60 varSe-I. sa. 3 varSe lakhe che. have je hAla rAjAnA bharUca para halAone samaya vadhAre na mAnatAM ochAmAM ocho 3 varSa ja mAnIe ane vikramAdityanA mRtyu bAda tenA putranI sAthe hAlanuM yuddha ane aMte saMdhi ene samaya 2 varSa gaNIe te, phakta 5 varSa ja rAjatvakAlavALA hAlanuM mRtyu I.sa. 5 varSe Ave ane tenAthI 60mA varSe rAjya para AvelA pulomAvIne rAjyAraMbha I. sa. 6pA varSe Ave. purIndrasenanAM rAjaya varSa matsyaputra pramANe 5 varSa na gaNatAM brahmAMDapu. ke vAyupu. pramANe 12 ke 21 varSa gaNIe te, pulomAvIne rAjyAraMbha 7 ke 16 varSa eDo eTale I.sa. 72aaaa ke 81 varSe Ave; paraMtu keI paNa rIte I.sa.nI bIjI sadInA bIjA caraNamAM, arthAta; I. sa. 130nI AjubAjunAM varSomAM AvI zake nahi. hAlanuM rAjya phakta 5 varSa mAnatAM, mArI noMdha pramANe tenuM rAjya .sa. pU. 22 varSe zarU thatuM hovAthI mRtyu I.sa. pU. 17 varSa Ave ane tyAra bAda maNDalaka vigerenAM pa+21++nA+28+1=76 varSa pachI eTale I.sa. 5lA varSe pulomAvIne rAjyAraMbha Ave. A Apatti uparAMta, vikramAdityanA rAjyanAM chellAM varSomAM "hAlanuM' jenagrokta astitva ke yuddhAdi vigere ghaTI zake ja nahi. purANa pramANe gumAvI (catrapaNa)ne rAjyAraMbha, upara jaNAvyuM tema I.sa. 130 nI lagabhaganAM varSomAM pulamAvIne rAjyAraMbha thayo hato e nirNita samaya karatAM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya lagabhaga 130-6pA=14, 130-7rA=paLA, ke 130-81aaaa=48 varSa pUrve AvI paDe che, ane purANa pramANe hAlamAM rAjyavarSa 5 ja mAnI levAmAM Ave to mArI noMdhelI sAlavArI ane rAjyavarSa pramANe pulomAvIne rAjyAraMbha uparokta niNita samaya karatAM 127-81=pA varSa pUrve AvI paDe che tathA vikramAdityanI vRddhAvasthAmAM hAlanuM astitva AvI paDe che. A sarva Apattine TALavA meM mArI beMdhamAM hAlanAM rAjya varSa 5 nA badale 72 naMdhyAM che, ke je mArI nAMdhelI sAlavArI pramANe ma.ni. 45 thI pa17-I.sa. pU. 22 thI I.sa. 50 sudhI che. tyAra bAda maDalaka vigeree 76 (77) varSa rAjya bhagavyuM ane te pachI I. sa. 127 varSe gumAvI rAjya para Avyo, ema uparokta AvI paDatI Apatti TaLI jAya che. saMzodhako grIka bhUgolavettA TelemIe nedhelA ujayinInA rAjA "TI aTanesa ane caNana tarIke samajI rahyA che, paraMtu e samaja barAbara hoya ema lAgatuM nathI. saMbhava che ke, cakkanavaMzIya (rudradAmA)nA sthAne e "TIasTanesa" zabda vaparAyo hoya. kAraNa ke, I.sa. 130 thI 161 sudhI vidyamAna TolemI bhAratamAM Avyo te vakhate ujajacinImAM cachana nahi, paraMtu tene pautra rudradAmA ja tyAM rAjya karI rahyo hato ke jeNe dakSiNapathapati sAtakaNi (AbarAjA pulomAvI sA.ka. catrapaNa)ne be vAra khullA yuddhamAM harAvyuM hato ema jUnAgaDhamAMne tene zilAlekha kahI rahyo che. ma. ni. 605 varSe eTale A lekhanI gaNanA pramANe I.sa. 138 varSe (vi. saM. 15 varSe) avanimAM zaka rAjAnI utpatti kahevAmAM AvI che te gAthAone abhiprAya avanimAM A zaka rudradAmAnuM Adhipatya utpanna thavAnA aMge ja che. mAni. 40 varSe vikrama saMvatanI zarUAta mAnanAra saMpradAyane anusaranAra A lekha pramANe AndrarAjA (naM. 15) ziva (sA.ka.), ke je ma.ni. 545-vi.saM. 135-Isa. 78 varSe pratiSThAnanI gAdIe Avyo hato ane bRhatkathAnA anuvAdema ne vikramasiMhavikramasena hovA saMbhava che, teNe ujajayinInA gardabhillavaMzanA chellA rAjA nAhaDa pAsethI avantinuM Adhipatya khuMcAvI lIdhuM hatuM-nAhaDe apAparAdha mATe keda karelA eka dhanADhaya vezyAnA premapAtra brAhmaNaputra zrIdharane, vezyAe karelA upakAranA badalA tarIke, cheDAvavA ujajayinI pada caDhAI karI nAhaDane harAvIne avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM hatuM. A ziva sA.ka.e 28 varSa avantinuM Adhipatya bhogavyuM, te pachI tenA putra (naM016) yajJazrI sAkae 21 varSa avantinuM Adhipatya bhegavyA bAda (17) catrapaNa (vAziSThIputra pulamAvI) avantine adhipati thayuM. teNe pitAnA rAjyanAM 11 varSa vItatAM eTale ma.ni. 605-I.sa. 138 varSe, AzvavaMzanA tAbAmAM mani. pa45-I.sa. 78 thI 60 varSa paryanta raheluM avantinuM Adhipatya gumAvyuM, ane avantimAM tene vijetA zaka rAjA rudradAmAM utpanna thaye.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya ma.ni. 410 varSe nahi, paraMtu ma.ni. 470 varSe vikrama saMvatanI zarUAta mAnanAra cAya reta saMpradAya ma.ni, 605 varSe gabhilavaMzanA aMta sAthe zaka rAjAnI utpatti mAne che. tenA mate mani. 605 e I.sa. 78 heI te samaye 50 varSa pAchaLa thanArA rudradAmAnuM astitva saMbhavI zake nahi, ane tethI avatimAM utpanna thanAra e zaka rAja rudradAmA ghaTI zakato nathI, jyAre cachana-rudradAmAne dade te samayanI lagabhagamAM vidyamAna hovAthI avantimAM utpanna thanAra zaka rAjA tarIke ghaTI zake che. paraMtu cAra je. saMpra.nI gaNane pramANe aneka prAcIna ghaTanAone meLa maLatuM nathI e saMbaMdhI huM A lekhamAM te te prasaMge batAvI gayo chuM. vaLI sAMcInA toraNa paranA lekhamAM rAjA sAtakarNinA kArIgaranA lekha parathI tathA ujayinInA vizeSa cihnavALA sAtakarNi rAjAnA sikkA mALavAmAM maLI AvavAthI zakatpatti pahelAM ujajayinImAM AndhavaMzanuM Adhipatya sAbIta thaI te ApaNane evA nizcaya para laI jAya che ke, gabhi9 vaMzano aMta Adhroe Aryo hato ane AzvavaMzane aMta zakarAjAe Aryo hato. A hakIkata avantinA Adhipatyane lagatI hoI rudradAmA ane pulomAnI (vAziSThIputra sAka) sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhe che, nahi ke rASTranA rAjyane lagatI hoI cachana ane ziva (sAkara )nI sAthe. rudradAmAna avantipatitva viSe tene pitAne jUnAgaDhano lekha ja sAkSI purata hevAthI zaMkAnuM sthAna ja nathI, jayAre cachanana avantipatitva viSe mI. TelemInA ullekha parathI saMzodhake e karelA samayanI sAthe meLa na bese evA ane saMdigdha anumAna sivAya bIje kaI purA ja maLyo nathI. Ama chatAM keTalAke, "gautamIputra yajJazrI zAtakaNie kSaharATa nahapANanA tAbAnA pradezo jItI lIdhA hatA ane te pradezano vahIvaTa caTTanane sakhyo hato athavA te te pradeza cachane AdmarAjA pAsethI jItI lIdhA hatA. vaLI pAchA te pradeza cachananA putra jayadAmAe gumAvyA hatA ane tene jayadAmAnA putra rudradAmAe meLavyA hatA. "le de" thayelA A pradezamAM avati paNa hato." AvA prakAranA kAlpanika vicArothI caSTanane avatine rAjakatAM mAnatA hoya te bhale mAne. bAkI, kharI hakIkata e che ke, nahapaNa. ane caNana e benI vacce 150 varSa karatAM ya vadhAre aMtara heI, nahapANanA jamAI zaka usavadAsanA vaMzaja pAsethI nAzika, punA, vigere jillAone jItanAra gautamIputra sAtakarNi ane ziva (sAka) pAsethI saurASTrane jItI lenAra caTTananA putra jayadAmAne harAvI saurASTra pAchA meLavanAra gautamIputra sAtakarNa e be lAMbA aMtare thanAra bhinna bhinna AdmarAjAo che. kSaharATa nahapANa ke zaka cakTana, e bemAMthI koInA tAbAmAM avantideza hato ja nahi, ane tethI teomAMne keIne harAvI sAtakaNioe temanI pAsethI avantideza jItI lIdhuM hoya, e hakIkata ja pAyA vinAnI lAge che. saMzodhakoe mathurAnA kuzAnavaMzIya devakulanI eka mUti para "Sastana" nAma vAMcyuM che ane kacchanA aMdhAu gAmamAMnA lekhamAM sAmetika (grAmetika) putra capTana jaya

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262 avaMtinuM Adhipatya dAmaputra rudradAma" evA akSaro ukelyA che. A parathI teo anumAna kare che ke, zaka caSTanane kuzanavaMza sAthe rAjakIya saMbaMdha haze ane te zarUAtamAM karachamAM "satrapa'sUbedAra haze, paraMtu pAchaLathI teNe saurASTra vigere dezo sAtakaNio pAsethI jItI laI mahAsatra pa' banI girinagara (jUnAgaDha)mAMthI rAjaya karavA mAMDayuM haze ane aMte avanti paNa jItI lIdhuM haze. vaLI teo evA paNa anumAna para Ave che ke, caSTananA hAthamAM zeDo samaya avanti rahyA bAda gautamIputra sAtakaNie tene athavA tenA putra jayadAmAne harAvI temanA badhA ya pradezo kheMcAvI lIdhA hatA. phakta, caSTananA pautra rudradAmAnI putrI pitAnA putra vAziSThIputra catrapaNa pumAvInA mATe lIdhA bAda teNe temane mULa pradeza kaccha ja temanA hAthamAM rahevA dIdho hato. caSTananA rAjyanA para mA varSamAM AvI sthiti hatI. A pachI rudradAmAe pitAnA parAkramathI tenA prapitA ke pitAe gumAvelA sarva pradezo sAtakarNi-pumAvIne (catrapaNane) be vAra yuddhamAM harAvI pAchA meLavyA hatA ane te avanine samrATuM banyuM hatuM. - uparokta anumAna prAmANika hevA saMbaMdhI saMzodhakane Agraha hoya te kahI zakAya ke, capTana avantine savAmI banyA hatA, paraMtu avanti paranA Adha AdhipatyamaLe te samaya thoDo ja hovAthI jainagranthakAroe teno ullekha na karatAM, rudradAmAe je cirasthAyI avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM tene ja "mani. 605 (I.sa. 138) varSe zakarAjA utpanna thaye' AvI rIte ullekha karyo che. atpAunA ane jUnAgaDhanA lekhamAM anukrame para ane 72 ne aMka che te tathA anyAnya zakarAjAonA sikkAomAM je aMke lakhAya che te sarva zakasaMvatanA che, paraMtu temAM "zaka' zabdano ullekha na hovAthI tenI zarUAtanA saMbaMdhamAM matamatAntara pravartatA heI vividha kalpanAo karavAmAM Ave che. mArI samaja che ke, . sa. 78 varSe caDjhananuM kacchamAM rAjya zarU thayuM tyArathI athavA tethI pUrve tyAM tenuM rAjya zarU thayuM hoya te, cakTane I. sa. 78 varSe saurASTrane jItI mahAsatra5 pada dhAraNa karI girinagaramAM rAjya karavA mAMDayuM tyArathI uparokta aMkenI gaNanA karAyelI che. upara je vistRta carcA karavAmAM AvI che temAMnI ghaNIkharI avanti paranA AzvavaMzanA Adhipatyane lagatI hoI ahiM aprastuta jevI che, te paNa te zaka rudradAmA ane teNe harAvelA pulomAvInA samayane vadhAre cekasa karavAmAM upayogI, ane e cekakasa samayathI gumAvIne samaya vahelo AvI paDatAM te Apattine TALavA hAlane rajatvakAla 5 varSanA karatAM vadhAre hatuM, evuM mAruM kathana kevI rIte prAmANika che e samajavA mATe mahatvanI heI, aprastuta nathI. have ApaNe 72 varSa lAMbA rAjatvakAlavALA hAlanA saMbaMdhamAM kAMIka lakhIe. (naM010) hAla (zAlivAhana- sAtavAhana) e, AdhrarAjAomAM sauthI vadhAre zUra,

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya pratApI ane sAhityapaSaka heI ghaNo ja prasiddhine pAme che. ene janmathI ja rAjya maLyuM hatuM ane tenI taraphathI tenI mA rAjavahIvaTa karatI hatI, paraMtu ekAda varSa vIte na vIte eTalAmAM, tenA rAjya bhiSeka pUrve ja, tenuM rAjya naM. 9) ariTe pitAnA hAthamAM lIdhuM yA te tenA rAjyane vahIvaTa saMbhALI lIdhe. [ariSTa je rAjyane vahIvaTadAra pratinidhi ja hoya che, tene vahIvaTanAM 25 varSa hAlanAM rAjyavarSa mAM umeratAM hAlanuM rAjya 97 varSa cAlyuM hatuM ema kahI zakAya. merUtuMgAcAryanI vicArazreNImAM eka gAthA AvI rIte che - " to sattanabai 97 vAsA, pAlehi vikkamo rajjaM / anittaneja ro vi du. vidyA saMkadara niyaM 2'' (te vAra pachI 97 varSa vikrame rAjya bhogavyuM. pRthvIne anuNa karavAthI teNe paNa pitAne saMvatsara pravartAvya.) A gAthAmAM "a" (paNa) zabda prayoga hovAthI samajAya che ke pahelAM koI vikrame anuNapaNAthI saMvatsara pravartAvyo hato tenAthI, vikama nAme lakhAyale A rAjA jude che ane te purANone hAla tathA bRhatkathAne vikamAditya-viSamazIla che. hAlanuM rAjya 97 varSa cAlyAnuM upara meM jaNAvyuM che tenuM vicArazreNInI upareDakta gAthAthI paNa samathana thAya che, paraMtu purANene anusaratAM meM mArI ne dhamAM tene upaga karyo nathI.] ariSTa barAbara 25 varSa rAjaya karyuM. tenA mRtyu pachI hAlane bennAkaTakamAM rAjyAbhiSeka thayo ane te tyAM rahIne ja potAnA tAbAnA dakSiNApathanuM rAjya karatA hata; paraMtu vikramAditye pratiSThAna para hale karyo ane nAgarAjane putra zudraka, ke je haju bAlyavayamAM hato, teNe tene harAvI bhagADI mukyo hato, tyAre mahArASTranuM avantithI rakSaNa karavA ane potAnI aneka mahattvAkAMkSAne pUravA e rAjAe hAlamAM eka gAmaDuM banI gayuM hatuM te pratiSThAnane pitAnuM rAjanagara banAvyuM. jenagranthanA kathana mujaba, zAlivAhane pratiSThAnathI bharUca para bAra varSa sudhI halAo ryA hatA. emAMne chello hale vikamadityanA mRtyunI lagabhaga pUrve thaye hatA e hisAbe ma. ni. 458-I. sa. pU. 9mAM e rAjA pratiSThAnamAM rahI rAjya karato hate ema sAbIta thAya che. saMbhava che ke A samayathI pUrve eka be varSamAM teNe pratiSThAnane rAjanagara banAvyuM haze. ahiM rahetAM tene tenA jIvanamAM rAjakIya ane anyAnya bAbatamAM mahattvane bhAga bhajavanAra zudrakane sahakAra maLyo hato. e saDakArathI teNe bhAratanA moTA bhAganuM svAmitva meLavyuM hatuM, sivAya ke vikramacaritranI sAthe karAyelI saMdhi mujaba te avatinI sAthe mitratAthI rahyo hate. A rAjAnA saMbaMdhamAM keTalAMka sUcana pUrve prasaMge pAta thaI ja cukyAM che. sAhityamAM enA viSe ulaTasulaTa ane vivAdAspada ghaNuM ya lakhAyeluM maLI Ave che. viratAranA bhaye tenI ahiM carcA karavI azakya che.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya zAlivAhane peAtAnA mahAna senanI zUkanA sahakArathI ghaNA ya lAbhA meLavyA hatA, temAMnA ghaNAkharAnA cAkkasa samaya Apave! sAdhananA abhAve muzkela che,temaja teNe zUkanI vaphAdArIbharI pravRttiothI prasanna thai tene potAnuM ardha rAjama ApyuM hatuM tene samaya paNa cAkkasa rIte ApI zakAya tema nathI. saMbhava che ke, eNe peAtAnI atIva vRddhAvasthAmAM zudrakane adha rAjya ApyuM haze. zUdrake kArUra mukAme zakAne harAvI vijaya meLavyA hatA e vijaya zAlivAhananA ja gaNAya ema vIra vikramAdityanA AlekhanamAM meM sUcavyuM che, paraMtu mArA saMzodhana pramANe, uparAkta kArUranuM yuddha zAli vAhananA ma. ni. 517--i. sa. 50 varSe mRtyu thayA bAda 27 varSe eTale ke ma si. 544--I. sa. 77mAM laDAyuM hatuM ane temAM zudrakanA hAthe AkramaNakAra cucI jAtinA kaphisIjha pahele, jenuM vizeSa nAma * kuzANu ' hatuM, te mAryAM gayA hatA tethI meM kareluM e sUcana mIntaenA matane AzrayI che. 264 zAlivAhana pAte sarva vidyAemAM niSNAta ane khalADhya hAi vidvAna ane zUra janAne sAdara Azraya ApanArA hatA tethI tenI rAjasabhA vidvAnA ane zUrAthI ze|bhatI hatI. tenuM aMta:pura pazu vidyAvilAsI hatuM. te prAkRta bhASAnA poSaka ane praca raka hate. zUdraka ( guNAtmyanA ) nA sahacArathI ane zrIpAdaliptasUri vigerenA upadezathI te jaina dharmAnurAgI banyA hatA ane teNe jainadharmanAM keTalAMka dhArmika kAryo karyA hatAM. " zAlivAhane cAturvaNya mAMthI rUpavatI kanyAone zodhI zodhIne dararAja paraNavA mAMDI hatI tethI lekamAM kanyAnI achatane prazna jAgyA hatA. pariNAme, eka brAhmaNe pIDA devInI madadathI tenA nAza karyA hatA. " laukika kathAonA AvA prakAranA kathanamAM keTalA tathyAMza che e samajavuM muzkela che. kadAca, kAi brAhmaNanA SaDyaMtrathI tenuM mRtyu thayuM haze, ema kahI zakAya. vi. sa. 135--i. sa. 78 thI eka saMvata pravartyA~ hatA, te A zAlivAhanathI pravatelA heAvAnI vAta karavAmAM Ave che; paraMtu te vakhate zAlivAhananI hayAtI na hAvAthI te vAtamAM kAMI vajuda nathI. e saMvatanA pravartaka kApyu haze, tenI carcA AgaLa karavAmAM Avaze. (naM. 10 ) hAla rAjAnI pachI (na. 11) maNDalakanuM nAma mArI'Andhrava'zAvalInI noMdhamAM apAyu che. matsya puru sivAyanAM AndhravazAvalInI noMdha lenArAM purANA A rAjAne pattalaka ke puttalaka, bhAvaka ane talakanA nAmathI noMdhe che. Ama chatAM jaina grantheAmAM lakhAyuM che ke, hAla-zAlivAhana pachI tenI gAdIe tene putra zaktikumAra AvyA hatA saMbhava che ke, zaktikumAra e maNDalakathI juTThA nathI. maNDalakanI mAtAnuM nAma zaktimatI hoI te zaktikumAra tarIke eLakhAtA haze ema lAge che. A maNDa lakanA rAjakAla 5 varSa lakhavAmAM sava purANA ekamata che. matsya pu. nI noMdhamAM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 265 A rAjAne naM. 18 che. A maDalaka ke zaktikumAranA viSe sAhityamAMthI koI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI. maNDalaka pachI AdharAjaya para AvelA (naM. 12) purIndrasena (anya-vAyu vigere purANanI neMdha pramANe purikasena, praviddhasena, purISabhIru) ne rAjatvakAla matsyapurANa spaSTa rIte lakhatuM nathI; chatAM pUrvApara anuvRttithI te 5 varSa athavA 1 varSa hoya ema lAge che, jyAre brahmASTha putra ene rAjatvakAla 12 varSa ane vAyu purA 21 varSa lakhe che. eka lekhake A rAjAnuM rAjya 1 varSa ja hovAnuM lakhyuM che. meM mArA saMzodhita keSTakamAM tenuM rAjya vAyu putra pramANe 21 varSa cAlyAnuM mAnya rAkhyuM che. kAraNa ke, vo (catrapaNa sAtakaNI) ane rudradAmAnI. temanA rAjyanI zarUAtanAM varSomAM je samakAlInatA che te baMdhabesatI karavA ane vikramanI pahelI sadImAM banelA aneka banAvone sAmayika meLa sAdhavA meM hAlanAM rAjyavarSa ura lakhyAM che te, je purIndrasenanAM rAjyavarSa 21 karatAM ochAM eTale 5, 1 ke 12 varSa svIkArAya te hAlanAM rAjaya varSa 72 karatAM vadhAre eTale 88, 92, ke 81 varSa svIkAravAnI Apatti AvI paDatAM, asaMgata thaI paDe. purIndrasena pachI maspe saumya sAtakaNanuM nAma naMdhyuM che. AzvavaMzAvalInI neMdha lenArAM purANamAM e nAmanI neMdha phakta masDamAM ja ane te paNa tenI eka ja pratinA pAThamAM levAyelI che tethI e rAjAne mArI neMdhamAM paDate melI meM purIndrasena pachI (naM. 13) suMdara (sAtakaNI) ane (naM. 14) cakora (sAtakarNA) e be rAjAone naMdhyA che. e bannene rAjatvakAla anukrame 1 varSa ane be varSa ja che ane temAM sarva purANa ekamata che. macchalakanI jema tenI pachInA purIndrasenAdi traNa rAjAonA saMbaMdhamAM paNuM sAhitya bahudhA mUka ja che. zAlivAhane pitAnI rAjadhAnI AbanA bennAkaTakamAMthI pratiSThAnamAM pheravI hatI. A vakhate pratiSThAna lAMbA kALanA zakenA upadravathI pitAnI samRddhatA gumAvI beThuM hatuM ane te eka sAmAnya grAma jevuM banI gayuM hatuM, tethI hAla rAjAe tenI ekadama najIkamAM navA pratiSThAnanI racanA karI hatI. zAlivAhananA anugAmI mADalaka vigere rAjAe e navA pratiSThAnamAM nahi, paraMtu jUnA pratiSThAnamAM ja rahI rAjya karatA haze, ema lAge che. "tyAra pachI koI paNa rAjA vIrakSetra hovAthI pratiSThAnamAM praveza karatuM nathI" AvA maLI AvatA sAhityagata ulekhathI uparokta saMbhAvanA thAya che. "zAlivAhane pratiSThAna sahita potAnuM ardha rAjya zU kakane ApyuM hatuM" A ullekha maLI Ave che tenI sAme kAMI vadhe na hoya te, kahI zakIe ke, navuM pratiSThAna "vIrakSetra -vIravara zUdra kanA kabajAne vibhAga haI zAlivAhananA vArasa jUnA pratiSThAnamAM rahIne AzvarAjyanuM zAsana karatA haze, e saMbhAvanA mAtra ja nahi paNa satya hakIkata che. temanA tAbAmAM have Azva sAmrAjaya aDadhuM ja rahyuM hatuM. Azva sAmrAjyanA zudraka ane hAla vacce

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya kevI rIte bhAga paDyA hatA tenI vigata ApaNane kyAMyathI paNa jANavA maLatI nathI, sivAya ke bRhatkathAnuM rUpAntara bRhatkathAmaMjarI lakhe che ke, rAjAe-viSamazIle ( hAle ) viravarane-vikramazaktine (zadrakane) narmadAnA kinArA sahita lAdeza, samudra ane gauDa. - sahita dakSiNApatha Apyo hato. mane kathAmaMjarIne ulekha vyavasthita ke spaSTa samajAte nathI, tethI zudrakane ApelA ardha rAjyamAM kayA kayA pradeze samAtA hatA e samajavuM muzkela che. mane lAge che ke, bRhatkathAnuM saMskRta rUpAntara karatAM buka kathAmaMjarIkAre mana svI rIte kAma lIdhuM che. prAyaH kharI vAta e hovI ghaTe che ke, zAlivAhane zadrakane uttara bhAratanA pradezane zAsaka nImI tene bahAranA AkramaNathI A~rAjyanA saMrakSaNanI javAbadArI seMpI haze. zuddhake e javAbadArIne vaphAdAra rIte adA paNa karI che. jo ke dhAryuM hota te te AkhA ya A... rAjyane pacAvI pAData, paraMtu teNe tema karyuM nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, balake te ArAjyanI AMtarika khaTapaTamAM paNa udAsIna paNe varyo hoya ema jaNAya che. pariNAme, A% rAjA zivane pitAnA gautraja rAjAothI upadrava thatAM rAjyabhraSTa paNa thavuM paDyuM che. kadAca, zudrakanI gerahAjarInuM e pariNAma hoya to te eka judI vAta che, kAraNa ke, e vakhate te kArUranA yuddhamAM rokAya hate. purANomAM suMdara (sA. ka. ) 5chI cakora (sA. ka.) ne AzvarAjakartA jaNAvyuM che; paraMtu anumAna thAya che ke, suMdara rAjA pachI ziva (sA. ka.) pratiSThAnanI gAdI para AvyuM haze, ke jene tenA dAyAda cakerecakera parvatanA rAjA candraketue yuddhamAM harAvavAthI te avantinI unnacinImAM cAlyo gaye hatuM ane jeNe vaibhavavatI kumudika vezyAnI tathA balavAna mitra rAjAnI madadathI pratiSThAnane pAchuM meLavyuM hatuM. bRhatkathAnA rUpAntaramAM, dAyAdethI rAjayabhraSTa thayelA vikramasiMhe ke vikramasene ujajayinInI vezyAnI ane balavAna mitra rAjAnI madada meLavI pitAnuM A% rAjaya pAchuM meLavyuM ema je jaNAvavAmAM Ave che tathA "harSacaritamAM ke cakeranA rAjA candraketune kevI yuktithI dUra karyo enuM je varNana che, te vikramasiMha ke vikamasena, balavAna mitra rAjA (dhavalakIrti ) ane candraketu anukrame Azva rAjA ziva, AbrabhUtya rAjA zudraka ane purANee nedhelA rAjA cakerathI bhinna heya ema nathI lAgatuM. kArUra AgaLa kuzANa rAjAnI sAmenA yuddhamAM vijaya meLavI paravAryA bAda vijayI zudrake ja ziva (sA. ka)ne pratiSThAna meLavavAnI yojanA ghaDI ApI lazkarI sahAya karI hatI. pratiSThAna para barAbara sthira thayA bAda A A% rAjA ziva sAtakarNIe avani paranuM Adhipatya meLavyuM hatuM ane tenA vaMzanA hAthamAM e 60 varSa sudhI rahyuM hatuM, tethI have ahiM e Adha rAjAnA Alekhanane prasaMge upasthita thate heI tene AlekhIe.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 77 varSe parAjaya ane nAza karI vijaya meLavavA pUrvaka te madhyabhAratamAM cAlyo gaye tyAre canTane mahAkSatrapa banI kacchamAM rAjA tarIke rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. keTalAkonuM mAnavuM che ke, tenA pitAe ja I. sa. 78 varSe svataMtra thaI kacchamAM rAjaya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM ane tenI pAchaLa tenI gAdIe caDjhana Avyo hato ke jeNe saurASTra vigere deze jItI laI mahAkSatrapa banavA pUrvaka girinagara (hAlanA jUnAgaDhanI jagAe rahelA ) mAMthI rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. ghaNAkharA saMzodhake te ema jaNAvI rahyA che ke, cakTane pazcima bhAratanA keTalAka dezone jItatAM avanti paNa jItI lIdho hato ane te ujayinImAM rahI rAjya karatA hatA. huM AnI viruddhamAM pahelAM prasaMge pAta lakhI gayo chuM ke, ujajayinIne vijetA capTana hato ja nahi. game tema che; paraMtu e vAta te nakI ja che ke, AndharAjyanA pazcima bhAratanI dakSiNanA keTalAka pradezo (dakSiNa rAjapUtAnAthI laI lATa paryaratanA ) A% rAjA zivanA hAthamAMthI zaka mahAkSatrapa caSTananA hAthamAM jatA rahyA hatA. A ja samaye pazcima bhAratanA vAyavya pradezamAM kaDaphIsijha pahelAne putra kaDaphIsijha bIje (vima) AzvarAjyanI sarvoparItAne phagAvI dete paMjAbane jItI laI madhyadezanA pradezomAM pitAnI sattA sthApI rahyo hato ke sthApavA prayatna karI rahyo hate. AzvasamrATuM ziva sAkaha, e zaka capTana ane kuzAna vimanA AkramaNa tarapha sakriya hato ke niSkiya hatuM ane, je sakriya hoya che, teNe temane kevI rIte sAmane karyo hate tathA temAM tene kevI rIte niSphaLatA maLI hatI, A viSe ApaNane ItihAsamAMthI kaMI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI. vaLI tene niSphaLatA maLavAmAM tenI tathA Azva sAmrAjyanI kayI nabaLAIoe bhAga bhajavye hatuM, e viSe paNa jANavAnAM sAdhana Aje upalabdha nathI. phakta, jainagrothI eTaluM ApaNane jANavA maLe che ke, tenA rAjyanAM chellAM varSomAM lAMbA kALane eka bhayaMkara ane vyApaka duSkAla pravartI rahyo hato, ke jene laI yogya AhAra meLavavAnI muzkelI paDatAM pitAnA paTTadhara vAsenane aparAtakamAM-kekaNamAM vihAra karAvI zrIvAsvAmIe anazana karyuM hatuM. AthI pUrve zrIvA jyAre magadhamAM hatA tyAre paNa eka dukALa paDayo hato ane jainasaMghane tyAMthI mahApurImAM laI javAno vakhata Avyo hato. AvA dukALathI dezanA arthatatraMne phaTake paDatAM lazkarIbaLa sAcavavAnI muzkelI paDe; paraMtu tethI eka moTuM sAmrAjya niSkriya banIne besI na rahe yA te sAmane karavA jatAM zatruethI pAchuM na paDe. mane lAge che ke, zaka same samartha lazkarI puruSa jatAM AMtarika avyavasthA jAgI haze ane tene dUra karavA puratuM DahApaNa ane tAkAta rAjA zivamAM nahi hevAthI te pitAnA sAmrAjyane hAsa thato aTakAvI zaka nathI. rAjA ziva avantine adhipati banyo te samaye eTale ma. ni. 545, vi. saM. 135 (I. sa. 78) varSe eka saMvata vahete thayo hato, ke je hAla "zAlivAhana zAke

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 29 77 varSe parAjaya ane nAza karI vijaya meLavavA pUrvaka te madhyabhAratamAM cAlyA gayA tyAre caSTane mahAkSatrapa khanI kacchamAM rAjA tarIke rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. keTalAkanu' mAnavuM che ke, tenA pitAe ja i. sa. 78 varSe svataMtra thaI kacchamAM rAjaya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM ane tenI pAchaLa tenI gAdIe caSTana AvyeA hatA ke jeNe saurASTra vigere deze jItI lai mahAkSatrapa banavA pUrvaka girinagara ( hAlanA jUnAgaDhanI jagAe rahelA ) mAMthI rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. ghaNAkharA sazAdhakA tA ema jaNAvI rahyA che ke, caSTane pazcima bhAratanA keTalAka dezone jItatAM avanti paNa jItI lIdhA hatA ane te ujjayinImAM rahI rAjya karatA hatA. huM AnI viruddhamAM pahelAM prasa MgApAta lakhI gayA chuM ke, ujjacinInA vijetA caSTana hete ja nahi. game tema he; paratu e vAta teA nakI ja che ke, AndhrarAjyanA pazcima bhAratanI dakSiNanA keTalAka pradeze| (dakSiNu rAjapUtAnAthI laI lATa pantanA ) Andre rAjA zivanA hAthamAMthI zaka mahAkSatrapa caSTananA hAthamAM jatA rahyA hatA. A ja samaye pazcima bhAratanA vAyavya pradezAmAM kaDaphIsijha pahelAnA putra kaDIsijha khIe ( vima ) AndhrarAjyanI sarvoparItAne phagAvI detA paMjAbane jItI laI madhyadezanA pradezeAmAM peAtAnI sattA sthApI rahyo hatA ke sthApavA prayatna karI rahyo hatA. AngresamrAT ziva sA. ka., e zaka caSTana ane kuzAna vimanA AkramaN taraph sakriya hatA ke niSkriya hatA ane, jo sakriya hAya tA, teNe temane kevI rIte sAmanA karyAM hatA tathA temAM tene kevI rIte niSphaLatA maLI hatI, A viSe ApaNane itihAsamAMthI kaMI paNa jANavA maLatuM nathI. vaLI tene niSphaLatA maLavAmAM tenI tathA Andhra sAmrAjyanI kayI nabaLAIoe bhAga bhajavyeA hateA, e viSe paNa jANavAnAM sAdhana Aje upalabdha nathI. phakta, jainagranthAthI eTaluM ApaNane jANavA maLe che ke, tenA rAjyanAM chellAM varSomAM lAMkhA kALane eka bhayaMkara ane vyApaka duSkAla pravartI rahyo hatA, ke jene laI ceAgya AhAra meLavavAnI muzkelI paDatAM peAtAnA paTTadhara vajrasenane aparAntakamAM-keAkaNumAM vihAra karAvI zrIvasvAmIe anazana karyu hatuM. AthI pUrve zrIvA jyAre magadhamAM hatA tyAre paNa eka dukALa paDayA hatA ane jainasaMghane tyAMthI mahApurImAM laI javAnA vakhata AvyA hatA. AvA duSkALathI dezanA artha tantrane phaTako paDatAM lazkarIkhaLa sAcavavAnI muzkelI paDe; paraMtu tethI eka meATu sAmrAjya niSkriya banIne besI na rahe yA teA sAmanA karavA jatAM zatruAthI pAchuM na paDe. mane lAge che ke, zUdraka samA sama lazkarI puruSa jatAM AMtarika avyavasthA jAgI haze ane tene dUra karavA puratuM DahApaNu ane tAkAta rAjA zivamAM nahi hAvAthI te potAnA sAmrAjyane hAsa thatA aTakAvI zakayA nathI. rAjA ziva avantine adhipati banyA te samaye eTale ma. ni. 545, vi. saM. 135 (I. sa. 78) varSe eka saMvata vahetA thayA hatA, ke je hAla 'zAlivAhana zAke'

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 9 77 varSe parAjaya ane nAza karI vijaya meLavavA pUrvaka te madhyabhAratamAM cAlyA gayA tyAre caSTane mahAkSatrapa anI kacchamAM rAjA tarIke rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. keTalAkAtu mAnavuM che ke, tenA pitAe ja I. sa. 78 varSe svataMtra thaI kacchamAM rAjaya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM ane tenI pAchaLa tenI gAdIe caSTana AvyA hatA ke jeNe saurASTra vigere deze jItI laI mahAkSatrapa banavA pUrvaka girinagara ( hAlanA jUnAgaDhanI jagAe rahelA ) mAMthI rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. ghaNAkharA sa MzAdhakA tA ema jaNAvI rahyA che ke, caSTane pazcima bhAratanA keTalAka dezeAne jItatAM avanti paNa jItI lIdhe| hatA ane te ujjayinImAM rahI rAjya karatA hatA. huM AnI viruddhamAM pahelAM prasaMgApAta lakhI gayA ... ke, ujajacinInA vijetA caSkana hate ja nahi. game tema hA; paraMtu e vAta tA nakI ja che ke, AndhrarAjyanA pazcima bhAratanI dakSiNanA keTalAka pradezeA (dakSiNa rAjapUtAnAthI laI lATa pantanA ) Andre rAjA zivanA hAthamAMthI zaka mahAkSatrapa caSTananA hAthamAM jatA rahyA hatA. A ja samaye pazcima bhAratanA vAya pradezeAmAM kaDaphIsijha pahelAnA putra kaDaphIsijha bIjo ( vima) AndhrarAjyanI sarvoparItAne phagAvI dete paMjAbane jItI laI madhyadezanA pradezeAmAM peAtAnI sattA sthApI rahyo hatA ke sthApavA prayatna karI rahyo hatA. AngresamrAT ziva sA. ka, e zaka caSTana ane kuzAna vinA AkramaNu taraph sakriya hatA ke niSkriya hatA ane, jo sakriya hAya te, teNe temane kevI rIte sAmaneA karyAM hatA tathA temAM tene kevI rIte niSphaLatA maLI hatI, A viSe ApaNane itihAsamAMthI kaMI paNa jANuvA maLatuM nathI. vaLI tene niSphaLatA maLavAmAM tenI tathA Andhra sAmrAjyanI kayI nabaLAIoe bhAga bhajavyeA hateA, e viSe paNa jANavAnAM sAdhana Aje upalabdha nathI. phakta, jainagranthAthI eTaluM ApaNane jANavA maLe che ke, tenA rAjyanAM chellAM varSoMmAM lAMkhA kALanA eka bhayaMkara ane vyApaka duSkAla pravartI rahyo hatA, ke jene laI ceAgya AhAra meLavavAnI muzkelI paDatAM peAtAnA paTTadhara vasenane aparAntakamAM-keAkaNumAM vihAra karAvI zrIvasvAmIe anazana karyuM hatuM. AthI pUrve zrIva jyAre magadhamAM hatA tyAre paNa eka dukALa paDayA hatA ane jainasaMghane tyAMthI mahApurImAM laI javAnA vakhata AvyA hatA. AvA dukALathI dezanA artha tantrane phaTakA paDatAM lazkarIkhaLa sAcavavAnI muzkelI paDe; paraM tu tethI eka mATuM sAmrAjya niSkriya banIne besI na rahe yA teA sAmanA karavA jatAM zatruAthI pAchuM na paDe. mane lAge che ke, zUdraka samA samatha lazkarI puruSa jatAM AMtarika avyavasthA jAgI haze ane tene dUra karavA puratuM DahApaNa ane tAkAta rAjA zivamAM nahi hovAthI te potAnA sAmrAjyanA hAsa thatA aTakAvI zakayA nathI. na rAjA ziva avantinA adhipati banyA te samaye eTale ma. ni. 545, vi. saM. 135 (I. sa. 78) varSe eka saMvata vahetA thayA hatA, ke je hAla zAlivAhana zAphre'

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270 avatinuM Adhipatya tarIke lakhAI rahyo che. A saMvatane pravartaka koNa, e bahu ja vivAdane viSaya che. tenA para saMzodhakoe carcA karavAmAM ane pitapatAne nirNaya ApavAmAM manaphAvatuM ghaNuM ya lakhyuM che. e saMvata kSatrapa sAmatika ke caSTananA rAjyAraMbhathI gaNAya che, evI mArI samaja che. caNananA pautra dradAmAe ane e vaMzanA pAchaLanA rAjAoe "zaka" evA ulalekha vinAne je aMke seMkaDe varSa sudhI vAparyA che, tene gaNanAe saMbaMdha sAmetika ke caTTananA rAjyAraMbhanI sAthe ja ghaTI zake che. keTalAke I. sa. 78 thI gaNAtA ane hAla "zAlivAhana zAke" tarIke lakhAtA saMvatane keI Andha rAjakartAnezAlivAhanane saMvata gaNe che te keTalAke tene kuzANa rAjA kaniSkane saMvata gaNe che, paraMtu e mAnyatA baMdhabesatI nathI. rAjA zivanI pUrvenA ane pachInA Andra rAjAoe pitAnA lekhomAM lekha lakhAyAne samaya darzAvatAM pitAnA rAjayanAM varSa lakhyAM che tethI samajAya che ke, temanAmAMthI koInA nAme te kaI saMvata vahete karAya ja nathI. AthI spaSTa thAya che ke, caSTanavaMzIo I. sa. 78 thI zarU thayela je saMvata kevaLa aMka tarIke ja lakhatA hatA ane te pachInA lekhake je saMvatane "zakatRpakAla" tarIke aMka ApI jaNAvatA hatA, te zAka saMvatanI sAthe pAchaLanA lekhake e zAlivAhananuM nAma joDI dIdhuM che ane e rIte zAlivAhananA nAmane amara karavA prayatna karyo che. pAchaLanA e lekhake, zAlina vAhananA vaMza ja zivanA rAjyAraMbhanA samayanI eTale I. sa. 78 nI lagabhagamAM saMvata calAvavAnI zakyatAne lAyaka zakavijaya ane avantivijayanA je mahAna banAva banyA hatA, tene lakSamAM rAkhIne uparokta prayatna karyo haze ema lAge che. A badaggA (hindukuzanI uttare tukhAra dezanuM rAjanagara) thI puruSapura (pezAvaramAM)mAM rAjadhAnI laI janAra rAjA kaniSkanA rAjyAraMbhathI zarU thayelI ane tenA vArasoe apanAvelI eka kAlagaNanA e samayanA lekhamAM jovA maLe che, paraMtu temAM vaparAyelA aMka I. sa. 78 ne AdimAM rAkhIne nathI. kAraNa ke, kaniSkane rAjyAraMbha I. sa. 78 pachI 40 varSe yA tethI paNa vadhAre varSa pAchaLa thayo hato. kuzAna vimane rAjayAraMbha I. sa. 78 varSe thayuM hatuM, paraMtu tenA samayamAM jUnA keI saMvatane upayoga karavAmAM AvyuM che ane tenA ja aMka jyAM tyAM mukAyA che, nahi ke tenA rAjyAraMbhanA samayanI AdinA. vaLI tenI pachI AvanAra kuzANu mahArAjA kaniSka vimanA rAjyAraMbhanA samayathI nahi, paraMtu pitAnA rAjyAraMbhanA samayathI ja kAlagaNanAnA aMka mukayA che. A parathI samajAze che ke, I. sa. 78 thI gaNAtA saMvatane ane kuzAna rAjAone kAMI lAgatuM vaLagatuM nathI. rAjA zive 28 varSa rAjya karyuM hoI te ma. ni. pa73 (I. sa. 106) varSe

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 271 mRtyu pAme hate. tenA rAjya para AvyA pachI caNane ane vime tene zayane keTalAka bhAga kheMcAvI lIdhuM hatuM to paNa tenA mRtyu samaye tenA tAbAmAM bhAratane ghaNe mATe bhAga hato. zudrakanA anugAmI AdmabhU (nAga-nAgavaMzIo) A samaya daramiyAna Andra rAjyanI sarvoparItAne sarvathA svIkAratA haze ke kema, e samajavuM muzkela che. AvI sthitimAM have Azva sAmrAjaya para zivarAjAnI rANI bAlazrIne putra (gautamIputra) yajJa zrI (sAtakaNa), ke jene meM mArI A% vaMzAvalInI noMdhamAM naM0 16 tarIke che, te ArUDha thAya che. yajJazrI 21 varSa, ma. ni. 573-594. (vi. saM. 163-184, I. sa. 106-127) masyapu nI dhamAM meM naM 22 tarIke zivasvAtine neMdhI naM. 23 tarIke 21 varSa rAjatvakAlavALA gautamIputrane noMdhyo che. mArI neMdhamAM A rAjAne naM0 16 che. Azva rAjAonA lekhamAM pitAne svAmI tarIke lakhato eka yajJazrI" nAmane rAjA che, 29 varSa rAjavakAlavALA jene meM matsyanI noMdhamAM naM 0 27 ane mArI noMdhamAM naM0 20 tarIke dhyo che. e gautamIputra sAtakarNathI rAjAone rAjA A gautamIputra sAtakaNuM jude che. kemake, e bannenA rAjatvakAlamAM pheraphAra che. tevI ja rIte rAjatvakAlanA pheraphArathI, naM. 9 tarIke mArI naMdhamAM beMdhAyelA gautamIputra sAtakarNathI paNa A (naM. 16) gautamIputra sAtakaNa jude ja che. brahmAMDapurANamAM te "yatramati' nAme lakhAya che. e nAma yajJazrInuM azuddha rUpa haze evI saMbhAvanAthI meM A rAjAnuM vizeSa nAma "yajJazrI" naidhyuM che. tenI mAtA bAlazrInA nAzikamAMnA vistRta lekhamAM "zrI sAtakaNuMnI pUrve je akSara vaMcAyA nathI te "yajJa" hevA joIe. Ama chatAM, A rAjAnuM vizeSa nAma ke anya ja hoya te te zodhavuM rahyuM. huM te tene yajJazrI tarIke ja AlekhI rahyo chuM. AmAM "zrI" e vizeSa nAmane aMza na hovAthI sikakAomAM ane temAM tene upayoga vizeSa nAmanI ke birudanI pahelAM yatheccha karAya che. kathAsaritsAgaranA bAramA laMbakamAM avAntara kathA prasaMge vetALa pacIzInuM avataraNa karyuM che. tyAM pratiSThAnanA rAjA vikramasenanA putra trivikramasene vetALane prasanna karI potAnAM kArya sAdhyAM hatAM vigere hakIkata jaNAvI, chevaTe trivikramasenanI kathA kahetAM tene sveccha rUpe avatarelA asurane zAnta karanAra vikamAdityano avatAra jaNAvyo che ane tenA avatAranuM prayojana udAma ane dura lekenuM damana karavuM e hatuM, ema tyAM kahevAyuM che. kathAsaritsAgaranA AvA prakAranA kathanane bhAvArtha e che ke, divyazakti dharAvanAra trivikramasena ujajayinIne jItanAra vikramasiMha-vikamasena (zivasAtakaNI) ne putra heI,

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272 avaMtinuM Adhipatya. teNe vikramAditya-viSamazIla (zAlivAhana) nI jema vijaya ane mahattA Adi meLavyAM hatAM. temAM taphAvata e hatuM ke, viSamazIle asura vigerene chatI temane anukUla karI prazAnta karyA hatA, jyAre trivikramasene asuro sAthe damanathI ane bIjA sAthe anukUlatAthI kAma lIdhuM hatuM. bRhatkathAnAM rUpAntare ane bAlazrInA lekha parathI ApaNane ema ja jANavA maLe che. trivikramasena (gautamIputra sAtakaNa) nA samayane tene ke anya keIne lakhAvelo lekha Aje upalabdha nathI. gautamIputra sAtakaNanA nAme lakhAyelA je lekha maLI Ave che ane saMzodhake jene bAlazrInA putra sAtakaNI nA mAne che, te (gau.) ariSTa (sA ka0 ) nA che, nahi ke A (ge) yajJazrI (sATha ka ) nA, ema huM pUrve jaNAvI gaye chuM ane tyAM tenAM kAraNa paNa darzAvyAM che. Ama chatAM tenI mAtAnA-bAlazrInA, tenA rAjyAnta pachI 19mA varSe lakhAyelA lekhamAM tenA viSe je kAMI spaSTa lakhAyeluM che te tene samajavA mATe bahu ja upayogI che. bAlazrI tene AlaMkArika bhASAnAM vizeSaNathI tyAM prazaMsI rahI che, tene sAra A pramANe che - gautamIputra sAtakaNa dhIra, vIra, parAkramI, mahAtejasvI ane advitIya dhanurdhara tathA ghara hatuM teNe kSatriyanuM abhimAna utArI nAkhyuM hatuM, zaka yavana pelDavene haNyA hatA tathA kSaharATavaMzanuM nAma-nizAna mITAvyuM hatuM, te sAtavAhana kulanA yazane pratiSThApaka hatuM, te aneka yuddhamAM zatruone jItanAra ane temanAthI durgharSa tathA sadA vijayI hatuM, te asika asaka mulaka suraDa kukura aparAMta anUpa vidabha Akara avaMtine rAjA, vijajha chavata paricAta sahaya kahagiri maca siriTana malaya mahida seTagiri cakara parvatane pati ane sundara purane svAmI hata; tenAM vAhanee (sence) traNe (pUrva, pazcima ane dakSiNa) samudranuM pANI pIdhuM hatuM. sarva rAjamaDala tenA zAsanane mAnatuM hoI tenA pagamAM paDatuM hatuM. kula-puruSa-paraMparAthI te rAjA hAI rAjAone rAjA hata; vikramI, mahAbAha ane nirbhaya hAthavALo te sadA ya saune abhayane dAtA, yAvat kRtAparAdha zatruonA paNa prANa levAne anicchuka hatA; kemaLa ane saumya mukhavALo tathA jenuM darzana saune priya che e te pitAnI jIvatI mAtAne zuBSaka ane yathAyogya rIte trivarga (dharma artha kAma) ne sAdhaka tathA deza kAlAnusAra pravRtti karavAmAM tatpara hate; paurajananA sukhamAM sukha ane duHkhamAM duHkha mAnavAvALA teNe dvijo ane avaro (zudro) nA kuTumbanI caDatI karI hatI ane cAturvaryane saMkara aTakAvyuM hatuMtene khajAne bharapUra hatuM ane te dharmathI upArjita karene vyavasthita upayoga karanAre hate; te AgamavettA, sapuruSone AzrayadAtA ane advitIya brAhmaNa hato." zaka rAjA cakTane ziva zrIsArA ko ne hAthamAMthI saurASTra vigere deze laI

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annatinu Adhipatya lIdhA hatA, ema huM pUrve jaNAvI gaye chuM ane uparanA mAlazrInA lemAM gaitamIputra ....zrI sAtakacchuine suraDha (saurASTra ) vigerenA rAjA kahyo che, A parathI spaSTa thAya che ke, gau. pu. yajJazrI sA. kane cana ke tenA putra jayadAmAM sAthe laDIne uparokta e pradezeA meLavavA paDacA haze. eNe e yuddhamAM zaka, yavana ane parlDavA bhAre vinAza karyAM haze, ke jenA ullekha khAlazrInA lekhamAM thayeA che. sazeAdhakAnI sAthe sahamata thaIne meM pahelAM jaNAvyuM che ke, gau. pu. ariSTa kSaharATa nahapANunA sikkAo paranI chApa upara peAtAnI chApa mArI che; para'tu mArA svatantra mata e che ke, evI rIte pharIthI chApa mAranAra gau. pu. ariSTa nahi paNa gau. pu yajJazrI sAtakahyuM che. ariae zakAne jItatAM kSaharATAne paNa jItyA haze enI nA nathI; paraMtu kSaharATava zane niravazeSa karavAnuM-tenAM sikkAdi avazeSo nahi rahevA devAnuM kAya tA, khAlazrInA lekhamAM lakhAyuM che tema, yajJazrIe ja karyu che. arthAt; yajJazrIe tenA pitAnA hAthamAMthI zaka cainanA hAthamAM jatA rahelA pazcima bhAratanA saurASTra vigere pradezeAne pAchA meLavavA zaka ane temane madadagAra videzI jAtie sAme, je yuddha ane bhAre damana Ara jyu hatuM, temAM teNe kSaharATava'zanAM avazeSo-avaziSTa cihnane paNa nAza karyo hatAM. gau yajJazrIe peAtAnA zakAdi vijayanuM kAya kayAre zarU karyuM" hatuM ne te kAM sudhI cAlyuM hatuM, enA cAkkasa samaya meLavavAnuM sAdhana uparIkta mAlazrInA lekhamAM che ja nahi. anyatra paNa evuM sAdhana hovAnI vAta koIe karI hoya, ema jANavAmAM nathI. AvI sthitimAM sAmAnyataH eTaluM ja kahI zakAya ke, ma. ni. 573-I. sa. 106 varSe rAjya para AvanAra yajJazrIe purepurI lazkarI taiyArI karavAmAM traNeka varSa vItAvI, tyAra bAda eTale ma. ni. 576-I. sa. 109 varSe teNe sauthI prathama caSTananA hAthamAM gayelA pradezeAne pAchA meLavavA prayatna karyA haze ane te ekAda varSa mAM caSTanane ke tenA putra jayadAmAne harAvavAmAM saphaLa thayA haze. keTalAka saMzodhake A samayamAM eTale ma. ni. 577-4. sa. 110 varSa caSTanano rAjyAnta mAne che, te kharAkhara hAya ema lAge che. caSTananuM mRtyu e yuddhamAM laDatAM thayuM ke hAra thayAnI AgaLa pAchaLa svAbhAvika rIte thayuM, e jANavAnu Aje kAMI paNa sAdhana nathI. ' mahAkSatrapa caSTanano putra jayadAmA jUnAgaDha vigeremAMnA lekhAmAM kSatrapa tarIke ja lakhAyA che tathA rudradAmAe meLaveluM * mahAkSatrapa ' pai vArasAgata nahi, paNa tenA peAtAnA parAkramathI pedA kareluM hatuM, ema te potAnA lekhamAM jaNAvI rahyo che, vaLI sa, para, I. sa. 130 mAM rudradAmAnA samayanA lekha kacchanA ' andhA"mAM maLI Ave che. e sarva parathI keTalAka saMze| kAnu... mAnavuM che ke, ma. ni. 597-I. sa. 130 pahelAM caSTananA vArase koI majabUta sattAne AdhIna hatA ane e sattA sAtavAhana rAjAnI hatI. mArI AndrevazAvalInI sAlavArI pramANe e rAjA gau. pu. yajJazrI sA0 30 ja ghaTI zake che, ke je mAlazrInA lekhamAM eka mahAna ane pratApI samrAT tarIke prazaMsAyeA che, 35 207

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Ava'tinuM AAdhipatya pahelAM kahevAyuM che ke, jyAre cana pazcima bhAratanA saurASTra Adi pradeza Antro pAsethI paDAvI rahyo hatA, tyAre kuzAna rAjA 'vima' bhAratanA uttara pradezAne jItatA pazcimI madhyadeza tarapha AgaLa vadhI rahyo hatA. kahe che ke, teNe AkhA paMjAba ane pazcimI madhyadeza jItI laI peAtAnA vizALa sAmrAjyamAM joDI dIdheA hatA ane te teno vahIvaTa pAte nImelA pratinidhi (satrapeA) mAraphate calAvatA hatA. Anya sAmrAjye zivazrIzAtakInA rAjya daramiyAna gumAvelA ane vimanA vijayathI kuzAna sAmrAjye meLavelA uparIkta uttara bhAratanA Dhaze vimanA mRtyu samaye ke tyAra bAda kuzAna sAmrAjyamAM rahyA hoya ema lAgatu' nathI, kAraNu ke, vimanA mRtyu khAda keTalAMka varSa (Azare 12 varSa) sudhI tenI gAdI khAlI rahyA pachI, je devaputra kaniSka kuzAna rAjya para AvyeA hatA tene ekavAra pharIthI uttara bhArata jItavA patho hatA, ema kahevAmAM Ave che. kuzAna sAmrAjyanA kabajAmAMthI paMjAkha ane pazcimI madhya dezane paDAvI lenAra. kayI zakti haze e saMbaMdhamAM kaI kaI saMzodhake evuM anumAna kare che ke, A samaye bhAratanI evI samartha zakti sAtavAhanA sivAya anya koI na hovAthI temaNe ja vine-zrIkasanA putra RSikane mArI nAkhI uparAta pradezA pAchA meLavyA hatA. te e anAva I. sa. 78 thI pUrve anele mAnatA hoi, e samayanA sAtavAhana rAjAnuM nAma viSamazIla-vikramAditya ka2e che. zrIyuta jAcasvAlajI tene kuntala sAtakaNi tarIke eLakhAvI rahyA che. huM kuzAna rAjA vinA mRtyu samaya I. sa. 110 pachI laI jatA hAI mArI noMdhelI Andhrava MzIya sAlavArI pramANe te samaye geA. pu. yajJazrI sAtakarSinuM astitva hatuM, nahi ke viSamazIla-vikramAditya (zAlivAhana ) muM; ane tethI uparokata anumAna ke kalpanAnI sAthe sahamata thavuM e mArA mATe azakaya che. virUddha; mAruM anumAna evuM che ke, zivazrIsAtakanA samaye Andhra sAmrAjyanA hAthamAMthI kuzAna vimanA hAthamAM jatA rahelA uttara bhAratanA paMjAma Adi pradeza sadAyane mATe jatA rahyA hatA. kAraNa ke, vimanA rAjyanAM chellAM ane te pachInAM varSomAM hayAta-dakSiNa ane madhyabhAratanA ghaNAkharA pradezanA rAjA-yajJazrIzAtakInA tAmAmAM uttarabhAratanA pradezeA hoya ema, tenA tAbAnA pradezAnI noMdha letA khAlazrInA sArarUpe upara lakhAyalA lekha parathI jANavA maLatuM nathI. kaniSkane uttara bhAratanA paMjAma Adi pradeza jItavA paDayA che tenu kAraNa ema paNa hAI zake ke, kuzAna vima pachInI arAjakatAnA samaye tyAMnA pUrva nImAyalA satrape svatantra banIne rAjya karatA hoya, ane teo game te kAraNe kaniSkanA tAmAmAM rahevAne taiyAra na hoya, mane lAge che ke, kaniSka vinA koi rIte saMbaMdhI haze, paNa te tenA rItasara vArasa na heAvA joie, ane tethI tenA rAjyanI zarUAtamAM tenI sattAne svIkAravA sau kAI taiyAra nahi hoya. pariNAme, tene uparalA hiMdanA rAjAnI madada meLavI uttara bhAratane jItavA paDyo heAya te nA nahi. A pachI kaniSThe sAketa ane mathurAthI AgaLa vadhI magadha vigerene paNa jItI lIdhA hatA, paraMtu e hakIkatanuM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya. ahiM vizeSa vyAna ApavuM aprastuta che. ahiM kahevAne prastuta phakta eTaluM ja che ke, yajJazrInA rAjyanAM cheTalAM varSomAM bhAratanA ghaNAkharA pradezo kaniSka ane yajJazrI e bannenA tAbAmAM hatA ane temAM yajJazrInA tAbAmAM bhAratano vizALa bhAga hate. bAlazrIe pitAnA lekhamAM yajJazrIne je rIte varNave che temAM kadAca, theDI ghaNI atizayokti haze, paraMtu te varNana moTA bhAge satyane avalaMbI karAyeluM hoya ema lAge che ane tethI ApaNe kahI zakIe ke, yajJazrI eka samartha rAjakartA uparAMta aneka sadaguNathI saMpanna paNa hatA. zarUAtamAM te zaka Adi videzI jAtio prati, kadAca, anivArya jaNAyAthI ugra banyuM hoya, paNa pAchaLathI tenI sajajanatAe sarvatra zAnti sajAvI haze, ema je ApaNe mAnIe te te vadhAre paDatuM nathI. A AdhrarAjAnA mRtyu bAda A% sAmrAjya para tene putra (vAziSThIputra) catrapaNa (pumAvI sAtakaNa) AvyuM hatuM, ane tethI have ApaNe e AdmarAjAne AlekhIe. catrapaNuM 11 varSa, ma. ni. 194-6 05 (vi. saM. 184-195, I. sa. 127-138) (gau050) yajJazrI (sAka)nI pachI avantinuM Adhipatya, je Adma samrATanA hAthamAM AvyuM, tenuM vizeSa nAma saMpUrNa khAtrIthI ApavuM muzkela che. te matsyapuramAM pulamA" nAme ane brahmAMDapumAM "zAtakarNi" nAme neMdhAyela che. tenI dAdI (prapitAmahI ke pitAmahIM?) bAlazrI pitAnA lekhamAM tene vAziSIputra "pulomAyi" tarIke ullekhe che, jyAre mahAkSatrapa rudradAmA pitAnA DaMkhamAM tenuM nAma "zAtakarNi" Ape che. mI. TolemI pitAnA granthamAM tene "pumAvI' nAmathI oLakhAve che. upara jaNAvyA pramANe maLI AvatAM sAdhanamAM tenI je oLakha apAI che te kula ane birudane ja lagatI heI, temAMthI ApaNane vizeSa nAma jANavA maLatuM nathI. AvI sthitimAM A A~rAjAnuM nAma meM "catrapaNa" neMdhyuM che ane te vizeSa nAma tarIke, te phakta nAnA ghATane eka lekha, ke je vAziSThIputra catarapana zAtakarNinA 13 mA varSane che, te parathI upajAvelA anumAnanuM pariNAma che. rudradAmAe jene be vAra harAvyuM hatuM te zAtakarNi, nAnAghATanA lekhamAM jaNAvelA vAziSThIputra catara5(pha)na zAtakarNithI jude nathI ema mAruM anumAna che. zrI jayasvAlajI e aMzamAM mArA anumAnanI sAthe sahamata che. mI. pAITara paNa potAnI sUcimAM naM. 22 tarIke (vAsi.) cataravaTa zAtakaNine nedhe che tethI teo paNa mArA anumAnane anukUla che. Ama chatAM mArI nedhamAMnA naM. 17 nA A AdmarAjAnuM vizeSa nAma keI anya sAdhanathI anya ja nizcita thatuM hoya te tenI sAme vAMdho hoI zake nahi; paraMtu e nirNaya na thAya tyAM sudhI mAre mArA anumAnane vaLagI rahI A rAjAne catrapaTTa tarIke ja AlekhavAne rahyo. zrI. jAyasvAlajI A catrapaNane cakarathI bhinna mAnatA nathI, paraMtu mArI dhamAM

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276 bavaMtinuM Adhipatya e cakora pachI trIjA naMbare hoI bhinna vyakti che. zrI. jAyasvAlajInI saMzodhita AdhavaMzAvalInA rAjAone krama ane sAlavArI taddana vibhinna hoI tenI sAMgopAMga carcA karavI ahiM azakaya che. rAjamAtA bAlazrI pitAnA lekhamAM pitAnA putra gautamIputra (yajJa) zrIzAtakarNinA tAbAnA pradezonI noMdha le che te sarva pradezo catrapaNane vArasAmAM maLyA hatA, paraMtu bAlazrIne e lekha catrapaNu (vAziSTha putra pulamAyi)nA rAjyanA 19mA varSe eTale ma. ni. 613, I. sa. 146 mAM lakhAye, tyAre tenA hAthamAM tene vArasAmAM maLelA suraTha kukura aparAMta anUpa Akara avaMti vigere dezo na rahyA hatA. kAraNa ke, bAlazrInA lekha pachI 4 varSe eTale ma. ni. 617, I. sa. 150 (saM. 72) mAM lakhAyelA rudradA. mAnA lekhamAM e dezonuM svAmitva tenuM-rudradAmAnuM ja lakhAyuM che. e lekha parathI spaSTa samajAya che ke, rudradAmAe e lekha lakhAyo tethI keTalAMka varSa pUrve-I. sa. 146 thI paNa pUrve kyAreka, zAtakaNine-vAziSiputra catrapaNu pulamAyine khullA yuddhamAM be vAra harAvyuM hatuM ane tenI pAsethI uparokta saurASTra Adi dezo paDAvI lIdhA hatA. gautamI bAlazrI, tene lekha lakhAye te samayathI 19 varSa pUrve thaI gayelA. pitAnA putra zAtakarNane, dakSiNApathane jemAM samAveza thAya che evA dakSiNa bhAratanA ane tenI uttaranA saMkhyAbaMdha pradezone pati ane rAjA lakhe che; jyAre te lekha lakhAI rahyo che te samayamAM ja rAjya karI karelA pitAnA putranA putra ke pautranA mATe phakta .(dakSiNA) pathezvara eTaluM ja lakhI rahI che. putranA mATe anahada birudAvalI lakhAvanArI te pitranA mATe bIlakula cupakIdI ja seve che. bAlazrInA AvA prakAranA valaNathI paNa e spaSTa thAya che ke, catrapaNe uparokta lekha lakhAyAnI pUrve saparAjaya saurASTra Adi ane avaMti Adi dezone gumAvI dIdhA hatA ane te tenA pitAe meLavelI pratiSThAne purepUrI sAcavI zakavAmAM niSphaLa nIvaDyo hato. lekha lakhAyAnA samayamAM te dakSiNApathane pati ane te sivAyanA dakSiNa bhAratanA ghaNAkharA pradezone adhipati heI, bAlazrI lakhe che tema, "dakSiNApathezvara" hato. te samaye tenA hAthamAM avantinuM Adhipatya na hatuM ane te suraTha vigerene rAjA paNa na hato. upara jaNAvyA pramANe, catrapaNe ma. ni. 613, I. sa. 146 thI pUrve kayAreka saurASTra Adi dezo gumAvyA hatA e nakI che, paraMtu e deze gumAvyAne cokkasa samaya ApavAnuM sAdhana nathI. bAkI, e vAta nakkI che ke, tenA hAthamAMthI avantinuM Adhipatya ma. ni. 605, I. sa. 138 (vi. saM. 195) varSe sarI gayuM hatuM. A samaye ja avantimAM zaka rAjA utpanna thayo hato ke jeNe gardazillo pAsethI nahi, paNa Andho pAsethI avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM hatuM, ema huM pahelAM samarthana karI gayo chuM. rudradAmAne jUnAgaDhavALo lekha jotAM, e kahevAnI jarUrIyAta bhAgye ja hoya che, jenA zrethemAM jaNAvAyele e zaka rAjA rudradAmA hate.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya, 277 (vA. pu.) catrapaNu (puleAmAvI zAtakarNa)ne pulemA tarIke nedhatuM matsya pu. tenuM rAjya 28 varSa lakhe che, jyAre tene zAtakaNu tarIke nedhatuM brahmAMDa pu0 29 varSa lakhe che. viSNu pu. ane bhAgavata tene anukrame pulImAna ane purImAna ema azuddha rIte nAMdhI tene rAjavakAla lakhatAM nathI. vAyupu0 21 varSa rAjavakAlavALA gautamI putrane nAMdhI te pachInA puaAmA ane anya be rAjAone cheDI daI, anya purANAmAM noMdhAyelA 29 varSe rAjatvakAlavALA yajJazrI zAtakarNane nAMdhe che. mArI noMdhamAM matsyapu. ne anusarI 28 varSa ja lakhAyAM che. A 28 varSamAM 11 varSa sudhI tenuM avanti para Adhipatya rahyu hatuM. e Adhipatya teNe zaka rudradAmAnI sAme eka mATuM yuddha laDavA pUrvIka chevaTe parAjaya pAmIne gumAvyuM hatuM. A sivAya eka bIjuM paNu yuddha te rudradAmAnI sAme laDayeA hatA, ke jemAM teNe aparAMta Adi deze| gumAvyA hatA. jUnAgaDhanA lekhamAM rudradAmAe e vAra zAtakaNuiM (catrapaNa puleAmAvI ) ne harAjyeA hateA, ema jaNAvyuM che; paraMtu tyAM e be yuddhanAM sthaLa ke paurvApa nI khAkhatamAM spaSTatA na hAvAthI samajI zakAtuM nathI ke, temAMthI kayuM yuddha pahelAM laDAyuM hatuM ane kayu. pAchaLathI. bAkI, catrapaNunA tASAnA saurASTrane meLavavAmAM te rudradAmAne kAI yuddha laDavAnI ja jarUrIyAta paDI nathI. saMbhava che ke, Anata Adi meLavatAM paNa tene Andhro taraphathI majabUta sAmanA nahi thayA hoya. A taraphanI prajAnI sahAnubhUti AndhrasAmrAjyane na hoya e paNa kAraNa AndhrAne rudradAmAnA majabUta sAmanA karavAmAM naDayuM haze; jyAre rudradAmAne vijaya meLavavAmAM vRddho sahita badhA ya varNanI hArdika sahAnubhUti hoI, sAmayika paristhiti bahu ja anukUla haze ema tenA potAnA lekha parathI sahaja tAravI zakAya che. karatA saMzodhake| aMdhAu ( kaccha )nA lekhA parathI mAne che ke, saM. para, I. sa. 130 mAM rudradAmA pAte athavA caSTana ane rudradAmA ane kacchamAM kSatrapa tarIke rAjya hAI, AndhrasAmrAjyane AdhIna hatA. mArI mAnyatA che ke, A samaye rudradAmAnA pitAmahe caSTananI hayAtI hatI ja nahi, kadAca, tenA pitA kSatrapa jayadAmAM hayAta heAya te nA nahi. vaLI A samaye rudradAmAnA tAbAmAM kaccha hateA e vAta kharI che; paraMtu te kacchamAM rahIne ja rAjya karatA hatA ema te samayanA kacchamAM maLI AvelA lekhA parathI kahI zakAya nahi, vadhAre saMbhavita vAta e che ke, te AndresAmrAjyanA tAkhAmAM rahI saurASTranA girinagara (jUnAgaDha) thI pAtAnA kabajAnA saurASTra ane kacchanuM zAsana karatA haze, ke je zAsane saurASTra ane tenI samIpanA pradezonI prajAnAM haiyAM harI lIdhAM hAvAthI te rudradAmAne svatantra rAjA tarIke svayaM varavA taiyAra thaI rahI hatI. A samaye yajJathI zAtakanuM pratApI zAsana asta thayAne ane tenI jagAe catrapaNanuM zAsana zarU thayAne be varSa vItI cukayAM hatAM. ApaNe cAkkasa sAla ApI zakatA nathI paraMtu, sa'bhava che ke, A pachInAM be cAra varSamAM ja rudradAmAe potAnA vIya ane prajAnA sahakArathI saurASTra paranI Andhra sarvoparItAne phagAvI daI tene svatantra karyA

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278 avatinuM Adhipatya haze, ane tyArabAda DA samayamAM ja majabUta lazkarI baLa jamAvI teNe pitAnI vijayayAtrA zarU karI haze. A vijayayAtrAmAM Anarta, kukura, sauvIra, sidhu, maru ane dhabrane tAbe karate te avanti para caDhI Avyo. ahiM AndharAjA catrapaNe tene khullA medAnamAM sAmAne karyo paNa temAM catrapaNanI hAra thatAM tene avanti ane Akara gumAvavA paDayA. A pachI avantimAM barAbara sthira thayA bAda sudradAmAe bIjI vijayayAtrA zarU karI anUpa, niSAda ane aparAMtane chatate te mahArASTra para caDhI AvyuM. ahiM paNa catrapaNanI moTI hAra thaI. radradAmAe dhAryuM hota te te tene mahArASTramAMthI sarvathA ukhADI nAkhata; paraMtu teNe tema na karyuM tenuM kAraNa, te pitAnA zilAlekhamAM jaNAve che ke, "saMghaMghA ]i kUvA' hatuM, ke jene artha saMzodhaka taraphathI "najIkanA sabaMdha" e karavAmAM Ave che. amAtya sataraka dvArA apAyelA "pAnIyAjananA dAna saMbaMdhIne kAnherInI lezamAMne eka khaMDita lekha che, temAM vAziSThIputra zrI sAtakarNinI devI kArramaka rAjAenA vaMzamAM utpanna mahAkSatrapa ru...nI putrInuM nAma che. saMzodhake e lekhamAMne "" akSara rudradAmAna avazeSa ane vaziSThIputra sAtakarNa e rudradAmAnA lekhamAM sAta karNi hovAnI mAnyatA dharAvatA heI, teo e bannenA vacce sasarA-jamAIne saMbaMdha lakhI rahyA che ane kahe che ke, rudradAmAnA lekhamAM sAtakarNine utsAdana nahi karavAnuM- ukheDI nahi nAkhavAnuM kAraNa, "saMdhAlu TUiNA'-najIkanA saMbaMdhe lakhAyuM che te uparakta saMbaMdhanA ja abhiprAyamAM che. mArI samaja pramANe, rudradAmAe zAtakarNine ukheDI na nAkhe te tenI sAthenA jamAI tarIkenA saMbaMdhane lIdhe nahi, paraMtu rAjadvArI kunehane laIne hatuM. pahelAM kahevAI gayuM che ke, catrapaNa zAtakarNane vArasAmAM vizAla sAmrAjaya maLyuM hatuM temAM lagabhaga AkhA dakSiNa bhAratane samAveza thato hato. arthAta; tenuM rAjya badhI tarapha vadhAre dUra sudhI vistareluM hatuM, yAvat pUrva, pazcima ane dakSiNa taraphanA ati dUranA pradezo paNa tenA rAjyanI sAthe saMbaddha-joDAyelA hatA. rudradAmAe sAtakarthine saMpUrNa rIte harAvyo tyAre tenI sanmukha e prazna upasthita thAyaja ke A% rAjaya khAlasA karI tene vahIvaTa nImelA subAo dvArA kare athavA sAtakarNane thaiSTa na karatAM tenA para ochAvattA pramANamAM varcasva rAkhI tene ja tenuM zAsana karavA devuM. e praznane nikAla eNe evI rIte karyo lAge che ke, badhI tarapha atidura saMbaddha evA avaziSTa AndharAjayane khAlasA na karavuM, arthAt sAtakarNane padabhraSTa na kare. teNe karelA uparokta nikAlamAM anukUlatA ane yaza prApti hevAthI, ApaNane jaNAI Ave che ke, sAtakaNine padabhraSTa na karyo che tenI rAja dvArI kunehanuM pariNAma hatuM. rUdradAmA pitAnA jUnAgaDhavALA lekhamAM, "saMvaMdhA (f) dUravA jaturatAnA kArarA' (badhI tarapha vadhAre dUra saMbaMdha hovAthI sAtakane na ukhADayo tethI yaza prApta

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avatinuM Adhipatya ra9 karanAre) AvA zabdAlekhanathI sAtakaNine tenA pada para kAyama rAkhavAnuM kAraNa ane lAbha jaNAvate te tenI rAjadvArI kunehane ja dhvanita karI rahyo che, evI mArI samaja heI, mane nathI lAgatuM ke, sAtakarNi rUdradAmAne nikaTane saMbaMdhI ane te paNa jamAI ja hoya. rudradAmAnA lekhamAM ullekhita "saMdhAlU gio suhA' e zabdano artha, "sAta karNi rudradAmAne nikaTane saMbaMdhI hata" ema jeo jaNAvI rahyA che, teo pitAnA kathananA samarthanamAM kAnherI leNamAMnA pUrvokta khaMDita ane aspaSTa lekhano Azraya le che; paratu vaziSThIputra sAtakaNi tarIke oLakhAtA AzvavaMzIya rAjAo ane "' akSaranI AdivALA mahAkSatra aneka thayelA heI, nizcayathI kahI zakAya tema nathI ke, kAnherI lemane vAziSThIputra sAtakarNi ane mahAkSatrapa ru.' e rAjAo, anukrame jUnAgaDhanA lekhamAM dakSiNApathapati sAtakarSi ane aSThanapatra mahAkSatrapa rudradAmA che. ane je ema ja che te pachI kAnherIleNana lekha parathI manAyelI "sAtakarNi rudradAmA pahelA jamAI hata' e anizcita hakIkatanA AdhAre, junAgaDhanA lekhAMza parathI manAyalI "sAtakarNi rudradAmAne nikaTano saMbadhI hato" e anizcita hakIkatane nizcita banAvavA mathavuM, e spaSTa anumAnAbhAsa che. vaLI saMzodhake kAverIleNanA lekha parathI "sAtakarNi rudradAmA pahelA jamAI hata" evuM je anumAna kare che tethI viruddha "sAtakarNi drasiMha pahelA jamAI ho" evuM anumAna paNa karI zakAya tema che. jemake - kAnherIleNanA lekhamAM ullekhelI devI-rANIne pitA ane pati, anukrame mahAkSatrapa rudradAmA prathama ane tenAthI parAjita, naM. 16 (gau. pu.) yajJazrI (sAtakarNi) no putra (amuka) vaziSThIputra sAtaka inahiparaMtu rudradAmAM prathamano nAno putra mahAkSatrapa rudrasiMha prathama ane tene jItanAra naM- 20 (gI. pu.) yajJazrI (sAtakarNi) no putra (amuka) vAziSThIputra sAtakayuiM hatuM. ka raNa, rudradAmA vijetA hAI parAjita (vA pu) sAtakarNine pitAnI kanyA Ape e saMbhavita nathI, jyAre parAjita drasiMha pitAnA vijetAnA putra (vA pura) sAtakarNine potAnI kanyA Ape e saMbha vita che. ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, gautamIputra sAtakarNie rudradAmA prathamanA pitA jayadAmAne harAvyo hato ane jayadAmAe rudradAmAnI putrI gautamIputra sAtakarNinA putra vAziSThIputra sAtakarNine ApI hatI, paraMtu AvA kathanamAM keI asaMdigdha hetu na ApavAmAM Ave tyAM sudhI te vyartha ja che. "sAtakarNi rudradAmAM prathama nikaTane saMbaMdhI ane jamAI hata" e saMdigdha hakIkatanA AdhAre ja uparokta kathana karAyatuM ApaNane jyAM tyAM jovA maLe che, ane tethI te prAmANika nathI, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu bAlazrInA lekhane bArIkIthI tapAsatAM saMbhavita paNa nathI. e lekhamAM zakodinA damananI vItI cukelI vAtane nedhavAmAM Ave che tethI ema lAge che ke, atyAra sudhImAM zaka rAjA ane AndharAjA vacce kahevAmAM Ave che tevI koI sagapaNanI gAMTha na baMdhAI hevI joIe. rudradAmAM pahelA sAtakarNinI sAme AvI paDelA yuddha tarIke laDo nathI, paNa eka mahAna AkramaNakAra tarIke laDe che, e hakIkata paNa temanI vaccenA kahevAtA

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280 avaMtinuM Adhipatya saMbaMdhane zaMkAspada banAve che. upara huM kahI gayo chuM ke, e sagapaNa saMbaMdha mahAkSatrapa rudrasiMha prathama ane (naM. 20) gautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakarNinA mATe ja saMbhavita che. rudrasiMha pahelAnA sikakAo parathI jANavA maLe che ke, te zakarAjA za.saM. 107 thI 110-I.sa. 181 thI 188 sudhI mahAkSatrapa hatuM, paraMtu te pachInAM be varSa daramiyAna eTale za. saM. 110 thI 112-I.sa. 188 thI 190 sudhI tenI upAdhi "mahAkSatrapa" nahi paNa keInI tAbedArInI sUcaka "kSatrapa hatI. tenA kSatrapa tarIkenA samayamAM ane tenI AgaLa pAchaLanA kALamAM dakSiNa bhAratanA pratiSThAnapuramAM AndharAjA (gau050) yajJazrI sAtakarNinuM rAjya hatuM. rUdradAmA (1) e je sAtakarNine harAvyuM hatuM, tenI pachI e ce rAjA hatA. matsyaputranI yAdImAM (naM.ra7) yajJazrI sAtakarNi tarIke seMdhAyelA A rAjAne meM mArI yAdImAM (naM.20) gau050 yajJazrI sAtaka itarIke nedhyo che. tene rAjatvakAla ma.ni. 632 thI 661-I.sa. 165 thI 194 sudhI 29 varSa hate. mI. mitha pitAnA "ali hisTarI opha InDiyA' nAmanA pustakamAM A rAjAnA vize AvA prakAranuM lakhI rahyA chegautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakaNi e parAkramI ane vAziSThIputra pumAvIe gumAvelA keTalAka pradezane vijetA tathA lAMbA amalavALo jANavAjoga chelle AgharAjA hato. " mAruM anumAna che ke, A rAjAe mahAkSatra5 rudrasiMha (1) ne jItI laI be eka varSa tene pitAnA tAbe karyo haze ane e tAbena dArIne laIne ja rudrasiMhane mahAkSatrapamAMthI kSatrapa banavuM paDayuM haze. saMbhava che ke, A parAdhInatAnA samaye rudrasiMha pahelAe pitAnI kanyA (naM020) gauputra yajJazrI sAtakarNinA putra (amuka) vAziSThIputra sAtakaNine ApI hoya ane teNe, "parAjita thayela vijetAne pitAnI kanyA Ape," e prAcIna rIvAjanuM anusaraNa karyuM hoya. arthAta; A AlekhAto vAziSThIputra (catrapaNa sAtakarNiIe, rUdradAmA prathama jamAI hoya evI saMbhAvanA ochIja che, jyAre catrapaNa pachIne the rAjA vAziSThIputra sAtakarNi ke jenuM nAma vijaya che te rudrasiMha prathamane jamAI hoya evI saMbhAvanA vadhAre che. Ama chatAM majabUta sAdhana dvArA catrapaNa zaka rUdradAmA (1) ne jamAI siddha thato hoya te tene svIkAravAmAM paNa kaI jAtane vadhe nathI. astu. rUdradAmAthI parAjaya pAmyA bAda catrapaNe 17 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM, paraMtu te dakSiNApathezvara tarIke, nahi ke avantinA adhipati tarIke. avantine adhipati te havethI mahAkSatrapa rudradAmA ja hato. enuM avantiparanuM Adhipatya ma.ni. 605, vi. saM. 15 (I. sa. 138) thI zarU thAya che, paraMtu e A lekhanI maryAdA bahArane viSaya hovAthI te saMbaMdhI lakhavAnuM bhaviSya para choDI hAla ahiM ja viramavuM paDe che. zivamastu sarvajagataH, parahitaniratA bhavantu bhuutgnnaaH| doSAH prayAntu nAzaM, sarvatra sukhIbhavatu lokaH //

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pariziSTa 2 bhArata paranAM videzI AkramaNa (1) bhAratano vAyavya pradeza e sadAya bhAratane mATe AphatanuM ja sthaLa rahyuM che. IrAnI zahenazAhatano sthApaka sAIrasa, ke jeNe ma. ni. pU. 91 thI 63 (i. sa. pU. 558-530 ) sudhI 28 varSa rAjya karyuM hatuM, tenuM Adhipatya bhAratanA vAyavyamAM AvelA bhAratanA eka deza-gAndhAra para paNa hatuM. gAndhArano pradeza uttara-pazcima paMjAbamAM AvelA rAvalapIMDI tathA vA. sarahadamAM AvelA pezAvara jillAono banelo hoI. kAjala ane sidhu nadIne lagate hato. enI sImA kayAM kayAM sudhI hatI e hAla cokasAIthI kahevuM muzkela che. kAraNa ke e pradezanuM nAma vakhatevakhata palaTAyeluM rahyuM che tema sImAe paNa palaTAtI rahI haze e svAbhAvika che. hAlanuM pezAvara ke je IsunI bIjI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM-kuzAna rAjA kaniSkanA samayamAM tenI rAjadhAnI purUSapura tarIke tathA IsunI pUrve chaThThI sadInA uttarArdhamAM-sAIrasa ane dArayavahu (dArayasa-Deriyasa) nA samayamAM gheziyAvAda' tarIke bolAtuM hatuM, te pazcima gAndhAranuM eka zahera ane kaI kaI vakhata rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa hatuM. jyAre pUrva gAndhAranI rAjadhAnInuM sthaLa takSazilA nagarI hatI; rAvalapiMDInI vAyavyamAM 26 mAIla upara ane aTaka tathA rAvalapiMDInI vacce AvelA kAlakAsirAI relve-sTezanathI be mAila dara jyAM hAla zAharI, sirakapa, siramukha ane karacakeTa nAmanAM gAme AvelAM che tyAM A suprasiddha nagarInAM khaMDiyara che. zreNika-bibisAranA samayathI laI IsunI pahelI sadI sudhI takSazilA e eka mahatvanI vidyApIThanA ane bhinna bhinna vaMzanA rAjAonI rAjadhAnInA sthAna tarIke paMkAyelI nagarI hatI. vadhAre prAcIna kALamAM gAdhAranI rAjadhAnInuM zahera puSkalAvatI hatuM. grIka lenA-sIkaM. daranA samayamAM astisa (hastI) 2AjAnI rAjadhAnI A zaheramAM hatI ema kahevAmAM Ave che. kAbula nadInI pelI bAju IzAnamAM 15 mAila upara siMdhu nadIne kinAre AveluM grIka lekathI kahevAtuM keloITisa, athavA pizAvaranI uttare 18 mAIla upara vATa ane paMjakerA nAmanA be veLIo ekatra thaIne leMDI nAme oLakhAtI nadI upara ( kAbula nadInA saMgama AgaLa ) AveluM aSTanagara yAne hastanagara (carasaddhA), A be rathaLamAMthI kayA sthaLe prAcIna puSkalAvatI hatI te cokkasa thavuM hAla muzkela che. sAyarasa pachI kaMbAyasisa IrAnane zahenazAha thaye. teNe ma. ni. pU. 63 thI 54 (I. sa. pU. 500-521 ) sudhI 9 varSa rAjya karyuM. A pachI hakhAmaNI gharANAne DerIyasa Avyo. kahe che ke, ma. ni. pU. 40 nI (I. sa. pU. 516 nI) lagabhagamAM A DerIyasanuM sAmrAjya pazcimI paMjAba ane siMdha ( kAzyapapura taka )no samAveza karatuM hatuM. gAndhAra ane uttara pazcimI paMjAba e DerIyasanA sAmrAjyano 7 mo ane pazcimI paMjAba ane siMdha e 20 mo satrapI pradeza hato. A vIsamAM pradezanI AmadAnI anya pradezo karatAM adhika ane suvarNanA rUpamAM AvatI hatI. kemake, te AbAda ane samRddha pradeza hatesAtamAM pradezanI AmadAnI AnAthI ardhA karatAM ya ochI hatI, ema tereDeTasanA lekhathI jANavA maLe che. DerIyasa pachI AvelA IrAnI zahenazAha jerakasase (kajhakasa) grIsa para humalo karyo tyAre 36

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282 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ,, tenI AkramaNakArI senAmAM gAndhAra ane bhAratanA leAkeA paNa hatA evA haeNreDeTasanA lekha parathI anumAna karAya che ke, e irAnI rAjAnI sattA paNa DerIyase meLavelA hindanA pradeza para cAlu rahI haraze; parantu A anumAna prAmANika hoya ke na paNa heAya. DerIyasanA samayamAM hindI leke irAnI sAmrAjyanA sainyamAM joDAyA haraze ane pAchaLathI paNa joDAtA rahyA haze tethI ema na ja kahevAya ke, e hindI leAkeAneA deza e badhA ya samayamAM irAnI sattAne tAbe ja rahyo haze. jairasase ma. ni. pU. 18 (i. sa. pU. 485 ) mAM grIsa para hallo karyAM te samayathI lai alekajhAMDare hindukuza pAra karI bhArata taraphanI vijayayAtrA zarU karI tyAM sudhI, DerIyase jItelA pradezeAnI zI sthiti hatI ? temanA para koi samrATanuM Adhipatya hatu` ke koI kendrastha sattAnA tAbA vagaranA prAdezika rAjAonuM tyAM rAjya hatuM ? alegjhAMDaranI yuddhayAtrAmAM tene tAmA svIkAranArA ke sAme thanArA rAjAe pahelAM irAnI sattAnA tAbe hAi, irAnI sattA alegjhAMDaranA hAthe naSTa thatAM teo svataMtra thayA hatA ke dhaNA lAMkhA samayathI emanA pUrvajo svataMtra thayA hatA ? AvA AvA praznonA javAba meLavavA te samayanuM jevuM joIe tevuM te pradeza paranA vaidezika zAsananuM vRttAMta maLatu nathI tethI te viSe vyaM anumAna karavAM nakAmAM ja che, bIjI tarapha guNADhayanI bRhakathAne anuvAdaka mahAvi sAmadevabhaTTa kathAsaritsAgaramAM vatsarAja udayanane sindhurAja ne pArasIAneA vijetA lakhI rahyo che. uttarApathanA sindhurAjane tAme karyAM, mlecchAnA saMhAra karyAM, pArasIkapatinA ziraccheda karyo, " udayananA nAme A hakIkate caDhAvI dRAnI hAni karanAra tarIke kathAsaratsAgare tene kIrtimAna cItaryAM che. hAlanA sidha, pazcimI pa jAba, vAyavya paMjAba ane kAmula nadInI uttara tathA dakSiNanA pradeza, e sava te samaye sindhusauvIra ane gAndhAramAM samAviSTa thatA hatA. kathAsaritsAgara jene sindhurAja kahe che te sindhusauvIratA eTale hAlanA sintha ane pazcima paMjAbane rAjA ane te jene pArasIkapati kahe che te gAndhAratA eTale vAyavya paMjAba ane kApyula nadInI uttara dakSiNanA pradezanA pati, evA arthamAM hoya ema lAge che. udayananI A vijayayAtrAne samaya cokkasa rIte kahI zakAya tema nathI, paNa sabhava che ke, te samaya ma. ni. pUrvanAM najIkanAM varSomAM eTale i. sa. pUrva 467 thI pUnAM najIkanAM varSAmAM haze. udayananA hAthe je pArasIkapatinA ziraccheda thayA tenuM nAma kathAsaritsAgare ApyuM nathI tethI te airasasa nAmanA irAnI zahenazAha hatA ke tene nImelo kAika satrapa hatA te ApaNe nakkI karI zakatA nathI. Ama chatAM kathAsaritsAgaranA lakhANa parathI e sAkhIta thAya che ke, mahAvIra nirvANu pachInA kAlamAM eTale i. sa. pU. 467 pachInA kAlamAM bhAratanA vAyavya ane pazcimI pradezamAM IrAnIonI sattA nAza pAmI bhAratIya sattA sthapAi gai hatI. sIkaMdaranI sAthe laDanAra vitastA ( jhelama) ane candrabhAgA (cInA)nA doAbamAM rAjya karanAra gauravavatA rAjA pArasa e paurava hAya tA, kahevuM joie ke, udayane irAnIe pAsethI jItI lIdhelA bhAratanA vAyavya pradeza para teNe potAne pauravavaMzI rAjA nImyA haze, ke jenA vaMzamAM pArasa-paurava utarI Avye hato. magadhasamrATra udAyInA senAdhipati ane rAjagRhInA rAjA navine vatsa ane avanti sara karyAM tyAre udayane sthApelA pArasanA pUrvajone magadhasamrAT udAyI ane tenI pAchaLa AvanArA nandonA mAMDilakA tarIke thai javuM paDayuM haze, jo ke temanuM ucca khamIra halakI kulajAtinA nandAnI zuddhatAne tAkhe rahevAmAM nArAja haze. ADhame ke navameA lobhI mahApadmana-dhananaMda jyAre tenI prajAmAM apriya thai paDayA hatA tyAre te pArasa vigere bhAratanA pazcima ane vAyavya taraphanA rAjAe para zithila sattAvALA thai gayA haze ane pariNAme pArasa vigere nandanI madada veLAsara na meLavI zakatAM sIkaMdaranA tAbe thayA haze, nahi ke sIkaMdara irAna jItI letAM peAtAnA mAthe rahelI irAnI sattA nAza pAmatAM

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 283 sarvathA svataMtra thayelA e porasa vigere hAI sIkaMdaranI sAthe laDatAM chatAyA hatA ke saMdhithI joDAyA hatA. A sarva kathanane sAra e che ke, sIkaMdaranI bhArata para vijayayAtrA zarU thaI tenA pahelAM deDha varSa sudhImAM bhAratanA pazcima ane vAyavya pradezamAM anukrame vallezvara ane magadhezvaranuM Adhipatya hatuM, nahi ke te pradezamAM khareSThI lipi vigerenA lAMbA kALa sudhInA cAlu rahelA pracAranA kAraNane AgaLa dharI, keTalAke kalpanA kare che tema, IrAnI zahenazAhanuM ke tenA keI satra5-rAjAnuM. sAIrasa ane DerIthasanA sattA kAlamAM gAndhAre khareSThIlipi vigere apanAvyAM hoya ne pachI e sattA nAza pAmyA chatAM ya vyavahAramAM cAlu ja rahyAM hoya e banavAjoga hovAthI khareSThIlipi vigere ane IrAnI sattA, eno vyAyavyApakabhAva saMzayita hoI te AdhAre te pradezamAM sIkaMdaranA Agamana paryanta IrAnI sattA cAlu hovAnuM mAnavuM e aprAmANika che. vizeSa saMbhava te e che ke, kaMdahAra vigerene lagatA pradezamAM vasatI kSaharATa jAtinuM ja sRjanakArya A kharoSThI-kharoSTrI(sahArASTra) lipi che. astu, have ApaNe DerIyasa pachI sIkaMdarane bhAratanA vAyavya pradezamAM praveza karate, laDate, vijaya karate ane eka jabarA vAvaMTALanI jema uthalapAthala karIne bIyAsanadInA tIra sudhI AvI tyAMthI pAchA svadeza tarapha cAlyo jate ane aMte bebIlonamAM mRtyu pAmate joIe. alekajhAMDara urpha sIkaMdara (nasIbane balavAna), mesiDeniyAne ane pAchaLathI grIsana (makaduniyAne) paNa rAjA philipa karIne hatuM teno putra hato. tene janma ma. ni. 111-I. sa. pU. 356mAM tharyo hato. teNe pitAnI 13 varSanI vayamAM prasiddha dArzanika erisToTala pAse zikSaNa levA mAMDayuM hatuM ane te 16 varSanI vaye pitAnA rAjakAjamAM bhAga levA mAMDayo hato. eka mesiDeniyA nivAsInA hAthe tenA pitAnuM mRtyu thatAM te 20 varSanI vaye ma. ni. 131- I. sa. pU. 336 mAM mesiDoniyA ne grIsano zahenazAha banya. eka ja varSamAM eNe zatruone dabAvI potAnA rAjyanI suvyavasthA karI dIdhI. A pachI eziyA para adhikAra sthApavAne enA pitAne IrAdo pAra pADavA eNe Azare 60 hajAra kasAyelI senA laI eziyAnI tarapha kUca karI. anukUlatAnI dRSTithI videzI lekhake e AlekhelA, paNa bhAratIya lekhake e jenA nAmano izAro suddhAM paNa nahi karAyelA A kahevAtA mahAna sIkaMdare Azare sAteka varSa sudhImAM phArasa, sIriyA, ijipta, phinasiyA, pelesTAIna, bebilona, baikiTrayA Adi dezane jItI lIdhA ane te bekiTrayAnI chata purI karyA bAda ma ni. 140 - I. sa. pU. 327, me mAsanI zarUAtamAM hiMdukuzane khAvaka ane kAzAnanA ghATonA rate pAra karI, be varSa pahelAM pote vasAvelA alekajhAMDiyA (sikaMdarIyA) nagare AvI pahoMcyA. AgaLa vadhatAM potAnA pAchalA vyavahAramArgane salAmata rAkhavA sikaMdarIyA nagaranA sthAnane badhI rIte vyavasthita ane majabUta banAvI tathA kAbula nadI ane hiMdakazanA ghATa vaccenA mulakamAM vahIvaTa karavA TIriyAsmIra nAmanA subAne nImI alekajhAMDara hiMda ane kAbulanA rastA para jalAlAbAdathI pazcime AvelA nikayA tarapha pitAnA lazkara sAthe AgaLa vadhyo. ahiM pitAnA sainyanA be bhAga karI eka bhAganI saradArI hiphesTina tathA paDikAsa e be saradArane ApI, temane sIdhA hiMda tarapha vadhavAne ane siMdhu nadIe pahoMcI hAla yusuphajhAIne tAbenA mulakamAM yukeleITisa hAtha karavAne tathA siMdhu nadI utarI zakAya tevI sarva vyavasthA karavAno hukama ApI, A grIka vijetAe kunAra ke citrAla nadInI khINamAM ghaNA aMtara sudhI sI jaI tyAMnI jhanunI jAtane vaza karavAnuM kAma karyuM. ahiM teNe pharIthI potAnA lazkarane vibhakta karI eka bhAganI saradArI nimakahalAla saradAra Tisane ApI, tene kumAranI khINamAM vasatI jAtane tAbe karavAnuM kAma pUruM karavAne sepyuM ane te pote pitAnA cunaMdA mANaso sAthe epesiyane para caDhAI laI gayo

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284 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ane teNe espesiyanene harAvI temanI jakharI' katala karI. .A pachI pava tAne ALagI te khAjoranI khINamAM utarI paDayA. peAtAne soMpelu kAma puru karI kreTirAsa ahiM sikaMdarane AvI maLyA. A pachI sikandare eka bIjA meATA yuddhamAM espesiyaneAne harAvI moTI saMkhyAmAM kudIe ane baLado meLavyA ane tyAMthI AgaLa vadhI nyAsAne ghere ghAlatAM tyAMnA rahIze| tenA tAme thayA. have legjhAMDara AsAkInei nAmanI baLavAna prajAne tAbe karavA temanA mulakanA moTAmAM meTA ane rAjadhAnInA zahera masAgA para hallA lai gayA. masAgAnA killAne jItI lIdhA bAda erA (neArA) ane jhirA gAmAne kbaje karatA te aeranAsanA abhedya killAne jItI levA AgaLa vadhyeA. A killA siMdhu nadInA pANIthI pakhALAtA hatA, ene jItI lai AsAniyatenA anya pradezane jItatA te jaMgalAmAMthI dhIre dhIre mAga karatA chevaTe ehiMdane mAthe AvI pahoMcyA. hiMdukuzanI dakSiNakhINAthI ahiM sudhI AvatAM tene 9 mAsa (me thI jAnyuArI) lAgyA hatA. bIjI tarapha hiphesTina ane kiAsanA hAtha nIcene lazkarI vibhAga paNa kAjIla nadInI khANeAnA raste AgaLa vadhyA. khINAne lagatA pradezanI ghaNI kharI TALIAnA saradArAe tAbe thavAne vikalpa pasaMda karyAM, paNa hasti (e.TIsa ) rAjAe alegjhAMDaranA lazkaranA sAmanA karyAM. tene killA eka mAsa TakI rahyo paNa gherA dhAlanAra lazkare chevaTe tene kabajo lai nAza karyAM. A pUrva taraphanI kucamAM grIka saradArAnI madadamAM takSazilAne rAjA-AbhbhinA pitA joDAyA hatA. takSazilAnA rAjA niyA mukAme alegjhAMDarane maLyA hatA ane teNe peAtAnuM rAjya A caDhAi karanAranA caraNe dharyuM hatuM. takSazilAnA rAjAnI jema siMdhune pazcima kinAre AvelA bIjA saradAroe paNa caDhI AvanAranI tAbedArI svIkArI lIdhI. potAnA samrATe siMdhunadI para pula bAMdhavAnuM kAma soMpyuM hatuM temAM e saradAra vigerenI madadathI satASakAraka pragati karavA uparAta te grIka saradArA zaktimAna thayA. "grIka saradArAe bAMdhelA A nAvaDIvALA pula, ke je parathI alegjhAMDara sine pAra karI takSazilA tarapha AgaLa vadhyA hatA, tenA sthAna viSe matabheda che. dhaNAkharA lekhakeAnuM valaNa te pulane aTakanI AgaLa mukavAnuM jaNAya che, kemake, tyAM nadInA paTa sAMkaDAmAM sAMkaDA che. paNa ma. kuzaranI zodhakheALAthI siddha thayuM che ke, dhaNA bhAge e pula aTakanI uparavADe 26 mAila dUra AvelA Ahi ke unDa AgaLa haze.'' jenA AdhAre legjhAMDaranI hinda paranI vijayayAtrA viSe huM lakhI rahyo chuM, te hindanA prAcIna tihAsanA lekhaka mI. smIthanI AvA prakAranI vicArasaraNI che. takSazilAnA ceDA samaya pahelAM eTale Azare becAra mAsamAM ja mRta rAjAnA putra AMbhinuM elacIma`DaLa uparokta AhiMdamAM legjhAMDarane maLyuM ane teNe peAtAnA rAjAnI sevA tene caraNe dharavA ekavAra pharIthI kamuhyu`. takSazilAnA rAjAonI AvI niSphaLatAnuM kAraNa, temane abhIsAranA pahADI rAjya sAthe ane jelama tathA cInAkha nadIenA vacce hAlanA jelama, gujarAta, zAhapura jillAonA pradezamAM rAjya karatA zrIkAthI oLakhAvAtA pArasa rAjA joDe zatrutA hatI, ane te legjhAMDaranI madadathI e pADeAzI zatruone dakhAvavA mAgatA hatA. alegjhAMDara ehidamAM eka mAsa ArAma lai sidhune pAra karI takSazilA paheAMcyA. takSazilAnA rAjA AMbhie sasainya sikaMdaranI sarabharA karI ane ghaNI bheTa dharI tAmedArI svIkArI. grIka zahenazAhe e bheTamAM suvaNa mudrAdine umero karI tene parata karI. ahiM abhisAranA rAjadUte AvI sikandaranI tAkhedArI svIkArI lIdhI.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 285 have alekjhAMDare takSazilAnI chAvaNImAM ArAma letAM pirasane tAbe thavA kaheNa mokalyuM, paNa mAnI pirase tene sagarva inkAra karavA pUrvaka yuddhathI ja bheTavAnuM jaNAvyuM tethI teNe takSazilAthI jelama tarapha javA pUrva-dakSiNa bhaNI kuca karI ane Azare eka pakhavADIyAmAM te hAIDepIsa (vistA-jelama) nadI para AvelA jelame AvI pahoMcyA, jyAM porasa yuddhane mATe sajaja thaI jelama nadInA pelepAra chAvaNI nAkhI paDayo hato. videzIonI kapaTajAlabharI sAvadhatAthI ane svapUranI sthitinI vAstavikatAnA UMDA avalokanapUrvaka AdarelA jhanUnathI nIti ane baLanA ghamaMDI bhAratIya rAjAone mATe niraMtara banavA pAmyuM che tema pirasanA mATe paNa banyuM. alekjhAMDare jelama nadIne uparavADe jaI pAra karI. teno vyuha saphaLa thaya ne porasano niSphaLa gayo. pirasanA 3000 savAra ane 12000 pAyadaLa A yuddhamAM marAyA ane 9000 sipAhI keda pakaDAyA. vIra porasa je chevaTa sudhI potAnI senAne laDAvI rahyo hato, te nava jagAe ghAyala thayelo behoza hAlatamAM pakaDAyo. potAnI sanmukha lAvavAmAM AvatAM alekjhAMDare tene pUchayuM ke, "bolo, have tamArI sAthe kevI rIte vartAva karavo joIe." A vakhate porase mRtyu athavA kaSTonI jarA ya paravA karyA vagara nirbhaya thaI garvanI sAthe javAba Ape ke, "jevI rIte eka bAdazAha bIjA bAdazAhanI sAthe kare." A uttara sAMbhaLI alekjhAMDara eTalo badhe prasanna thayo ke, eNe AvA nirbhaya ane sAcA vIranI sAthe maitrI karavI UMcata samajI ane tene tenuM rAjya pAchuM soMpI dIdhuM, eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu svadeza tarapha pAchA pharatAM jelama ane vyAsa nadIone vacalo pradeza, jemAM 200 zahera ane sAta jAtionA loka rahetA hatA, te paNa seMpI dIdhe. jo ke AmAM sIMkadaranI guNajJatA karatAM anya ja kAraNe haze. A pachI alekjhAMDare sainikone mAnacAMda arpavA pUrvaka vijayotsava manAvyo ane A vijayanI yAdagIrImAM 'nikaIa'-nikaiyA ane baDakephala'-bukelA nAmanA be zahere anukrame yuddhabhUmi para ane jyAMthI jelama pAra karavA gayA hatA te sthala para vasAvyAM. have teNe ahiM vyavasthA khAtara kreTisane ' roko ane pote porasanA rAjyanI najIkanA glesAI athavA zlokenikaI jAtinA deza para hallo laI gayo. tyAMnA gAmone chatI teNe porasanA rAjyamAM bheLavI dIdhAM. abirisa, hArelA porasane porasa ane bIjI keTalIka svataMtra jAtioe paNa sikandaranI tAbedArI svIkArI lIdhI. have ahithI vadhAre pUrva tarapha AgaLa vadhI "nakI' TekarIonI pAsenI koIka jagAe ekesInisa (candrabhAgAcInAba) nadIne pAra karI, A grIka samrATa siAlakoTanA prAcIna killA pAse thaIne AgaLa vadhyo ane hIDeoTIsa (irAvatI-rAvI) nadIne pAra karI. nadIne pAra kyane bIje ja dahADe aSTAI nAmanI ToLIe tene tAbo svIkArI lIdho. A pachI teNe karAi ToLInI saradArI nIce ekaThI thayelI rAvInI DAbI bAju athavA pUrvakAMThe vasatI keTalIka yuddha kuzala jAtionA maMDaLane talavArathI sApha karavA temanA bacAvazyala sAMgamA durgane ghere ghAlavA AgaLa kuca karI. ahiM madadane mATe meTa porasa AvI paheo, durganuM bhaMgANa paDe te pahelAM ja grIka sainikoe koTa para caDhI utarI duzmanane harAvI durgane sara karyo ane sAMgalAne jamInadosta karyuM. have te ahiMthI AgaLa vadhI hAI phesisa (vipAzA-bIyAsavyAsa) nadInA jamaNuM kinAre athavA pazcimamAM AvI pahoMcyo. teno irAdo nadIne pAra karI pUrvamAM vasatI sAmaMtacakranI paddhatinuM rAjataMtra bhagavatI, uttama hAthIonI vasAhata vALI rasALa bhUminI bahAdura kheDU prajAne tAbe karavAno hato, paNa have tenuM lazkara agnikoNamAM nadInI pelI pAra AgaLa vadhavAne pahelAMnA jevuM skutivALuM na hoI maMdotsAhI jaNAtuM hatuM. teNe aneka prakAranI lAlacenI vAta karI lazkaranA utsAhane uttejavA prayatna karyo, paNa tenA eka vizvAsa saradAra keInase hiMmata dharI lazkaranI

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286 avaMtinuM Adhipatya mahenata ane bhayanI maryAdAno vicAra karavAnI vinaMtI karI te sivAya lazkara taraphathI koIpaNa pratyuttara mo nahi, dezane chANAM ATha varSa thayAM te daramIyAna senAmAMnA ghaNAo yuddha ke regathI mRtyu pAM che, ghaNAo ghAyala thaI nakAmA thaI gayA che ane bacelAonI mArganA kaSTothI burI dazA thaI rahI che tathA rAtadinanA parizramathI teonuM svAstha bagaDI gayuM che. emanAM vastra ane zastra paNa kAlanA prabhAvathI nakAmAM thaI rahyAM che. e rAjA ! phattehamAM vinItapaNuM e umadAmAM umadA guNa che, kAraNa ke AvA bahAdura sainyanI saradArI hovAthI Apane dunyavI duzmanothI te bIvA jevuM che ja nahi, paNa devAnA mAra gebI hoya che ane mANasanuM tenI sAme kAMI ja cAlatuM nathI." koInese samrATanI AgaLa belelA AvA prakAranA zabdo lazkare saharSa vadhAvI lIdhA. sikandara pAchuM pharavAne nArAja hoI tyAMthI pitAnA taMbumAM cAlyo gayo. kahe che ke, hAIphesIsa nadI pAra karavAne sArA zakuno na hatA ema samaya varatanAra jozIone jaNAvyuM hatuM. kharI hakIkata e hevA saMbhava che ke, sAhasI banatA alekjhAMDaranA salAhakArane e samajAyuM hatuM ke, have AgaLa vadhavuM e magadha sAmrAjyanI sAthe yuddha khelavAnuM che. eka bhAga athavA bhAgelA athavA te badhela nAmanA rAjAe elekjhAMDarane gaMgAnA kinAre AvelA gaMgarADI ane prAsI prajAnA rAjAnuM nAma-aparicita uccAra parathI grIke je samajyA te mujaba-Demisa athavA aMgremIsa ke kasamasa kaheluM hatuM. lAge che ke, dhananaMdanuM e xandrames-jhaMkhamesa thayeluM che. 20000 dhoDesvAra, 200000 pAthadala, 2000 ratha ane 3000 ke 4000 hAthInA sainyane dharAvanAra evA e prAsI-prAca prajAnA rAjAnA astitvanuM pirase paNa samarthana karyuM hatuM. grIka lekhake hAIsIsa pAranI prajAnI vIratA ane sabhyatA viSe tArIpha karI rahyA che te parathI anumAna thAya che ke, sikandaranI caDhAIne AgaLa vadhatI aTakAvavA ahiMnI prasioI ke prAsI prajAne temanA rAjA naMde ekatrita karI rAkhI haze. ane te viSenI mAhitI bhinna bhinna raste maLI jatAM sikaMdare be dIvasa vicAra karyA bAda trIjA divase potAnA lazkarane pAchA pharavAno hukama karyo hAphesIsathI pAchA pharavA pahelAM alekjhAMDare bAra yajJavedIo UbhI karAvI. ahiM sudhI chata apAvanAra devatAonI stuti tarIke ane pitAnA parAkramanAM smAraka tarIke eNe e kAma karyuM. keTalAke kahe che ke, tenuM e mAtra mithyAbhimAna hatuM. musApharo kahe che ke, e smArake lAMbA kALa sudhI sacavAI rahyAM hatAM. prAraMbhanA maurya rAjAe tenA pUjana mATe nadI pAra karI AvatA hatA, paNa bIyAsanA dhovaNe enuM kAMI cinha rahevA dIdhuM nathI. alekjhAMDara a. ni. 140 I. sa. pU. 327 me mAsamAM hiMdukuzathI kuca karI 8 mahine ma. ni. 141-i. sa. pU. 326 jAnyuArI mAsamAM siMdhu nadI sudhI Avya, ahiM 1 mAsa gALI siMdhu nadI pAra karI te takSazilA thaI jelama AvyuM ane porasa sAthenuM yuddha puruM karI, hAlanA paMjAbanI cheka uttaranA raste siAlakeTa AgaLa thaI, gurUdAsapura jillAnI lagabhagamAM vahetI grIthI uzcarAtI hAIphesIsa-bIyAsa nadInI jamaNI bAjue-pazcimamAM AvI pahoMce. siMdhu nadI pAra karI tyArathI ahiM AvatAM sudhImAM cha mahinA lAgyA hatA, eTale ke phebruArInA chellA divasomAM siMdhu pAra karI sapTembaramAM bIyAsa kAMThe Avyo hato. teNe A pachI thoDA ja divasamAM pAchAM pagalAM bharyA kaI jAtanA akasmAta vagara te je raste Avyo hato te ja raste pAcho hato akasInisa-cInAbanA kAMThe AvI pahoMcyo, jyAM potAnA kAkA tathA duzmana pirasa rAjAne apAtA hada bahAranA mAnathI

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 287 gusse bharAI sAme pharI beThelA nAnA peresane tAbe karavA alegjhAMDare pAchA mAkalelA tenA saradAra hiphesTiyane eka killebadhI gAma khAMdhyuM hatuM. pAsenA pradezamAMthI rAjIkhuzIe AvanAra leka ane cAlu yuddhamAM nAkarI karavA azakta evA pagAradAra sIpAIone hiphesTiyane adhAvelA gAmamAM vasAvyA ane nadIomAM thai mahAsamudra tarapha saphara karavAnI A grIka samrATe vyavasthA karavA mAMDI. ahiM eNe abhisAra ( hAla kAzmIra rAjyamAM gaNAtA rajaurI ane bhiMbhAra )nA rAjAnA tathA urasA (hajArA) nA rAjAnA elacIne mulAkAta ApI temanI tAbe thavAnI mAgaNI svIkArI ane abhisAranA rAjAne pAtAne sukhe nImI tene urasAnA rAjAne uparI banAvyA. ahiM tene gresathI keTalIka lazkara ane lazkarI saraMjAmanI madada maLI hatI. A pachI alegjhAMDara ahithI kuca karI hAIDespIsa-jelamanA DAbI taraphanA pUrva dizAnA kinAre AvI pahoMcyA. ekaTAMbaranI Akhara sudhI ahiM sthiratA karI teNe nadIenA nIcevADe sara karavA joItI sAdhanasAmagrI-vahANA, tarApA, nAvaDIo vigere taiyAra karAvyAM, tenA lazkara joDe AvelI vahANavaTu karanArI jAtiemAMthI khalAsIe paNa UbhA karyAM ane saphara zarU karatAM pahelAM amaladArA tathA AjubAjunA pradezAnA rAjAonA eka meATA darakhAra bharyAM. A darabAramAM pArasane glejhAI, kathrueI, vigere sAta jAtiothI vasAyalA ane 2000 gAmavALA jaivama ane khIyAsa vaccenA chatAyalA pradezanA rAjA nImAyAnI jAherAta karAi ane takSazilAnA rAt ane pArasa emane ApasamAM virAdha hatA te dUra karAvI-temanI vacce maitrI UbhI karI, jelama ane sinadInA vaccenA pradeza para takSazilAnA rAjAnI sattAne vidhisara svIkAra karavAmAM Avyu. A pachI pITha ane pAMkhAnA rakSaNamAM tathA mULa sudhInA pAchaLa mukelA pradezanA vyavahAranI akhaDatA rAkhavAmAM sadA ya sAvaceta evA alegjhAMDare jelamathI sidhu sudhI lakhAtA mIr3AnA pahADAnI hAranA durgAnA svAmI saubhUtinI rAjadhAnI banatI jhaDape hAtha dharavA mATe peAtAnA saradAra hiphesTiyana ane kreTIresane meAkalyA. jarA paNa sAme thayA vagara saubhUti tAbe thayA, ma. ni. 141-4. sa pU. 726 ekaTAMkharanI AkharamAM alegjhAMDaranA kAphalAe laMgara upADI jelamanA nIcevADe thane AgaLa vadhavA prayANu AraMbhyuM, kAlAnA rakSaNa mATe banne kinAre samAMtara kuca karatuM 120000 AdamInuM lazkara rAkavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. nadIne jamaNe eTale pazcima kinAre kuca karatuM lazkara kreTIrAsanA hAtha nIce hatuM ane DAbe eTale pUrva kinAre kuca karatuM khasAM hAthI sahitanuM moTuM lazkara hiphesTiyananI doravaNI nIce hatu. sindhunA pazcima pradezanA satrapa philipesane pIThanI rakSAnuM kArya soMpyuM hatuM. traNa divasa rokAI e prayANa karI philipAsa lazkara sAthe AvI pahoMcyA tyAre tene AgaLa cAlavAnA hukama apAyA hatA. A sthaLa chAyA pachI kAphalo pAMcamA dahADe jelama ane cInAbane sa'gama thAya che tyAM AvI pahoMcyA. te vakhatanA tyAM AgaLanA sAMkaDA paTane laI UThatI bhamarIethI e kAphalAnAM be lazkarI jahAjo DUbI gayAM ane kAphalAmAM bhAre avyavasthA tha gaI, paNa parizramathI chevaTe e kAphalAne sahIsalAmata rIte nAMgaryo ane tyAM tuM samArakAma karI lIdhuM. alegjhAMDare pAsenI vasavATavALI jAtione tAbe karavA ahi nadI kAMThe lazkara utAyuM. simeI jAti tAbe thai gai, paNa agalakAI jAti mATuM saMkhyAbaLanuM lazkara dharAvatI hAi sAme thai tenI bhayaMkara khAnAkharAkhI karavAmAM AvI. eka grAme zrIkAthI AcarAtA asahyu lama sahevA karatAM zaherane saLagAvI bairAMkarAM sahita temAM khaLI maravAnuM vadhAre pasaMda karyuM. nirdaya rIte khairAMcheAkarAMnI katala ane pazunI jema vecANu e, 20000nI vastIvALA e gAme pasaMda na karyuM.

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288 avaMtinuM Adhipatya A pachI sikaMdara bahuja jhaDapathI kuca karI lazkara ane kAphalAne rAvI ane cInAbanA saMgama thaLe laI gayo ane kAMThe utarI moTuM lazkara dharAvanArI tathA bahu ja balavAna, paNa barAbara ekatrita nahi thayelI evI malAI (mAlava tarIke kahevAtI ) jAti para tUTI paDyuM. moTI katala thatAM chinnabhinna thayelA malAIe killebaMdhI zaheramAM bharAyA. malAInAM aneka killebaMdhI gAmanuM patana thayuM. ahiMnA rahevAsIo ane ravInA pele pAra sudhI pAchA haThatA moIenI bhAre katala thaI, malAIne pAchA dhakelato sikaMdara eka killAnI pAse pahoMce ane keTa para caDhI aMdara kUdI paDe. pAchaLathI enA traNa sAthIo paNa aMdara kudI paDyA. eka sAthI marAyA ane sikaMdarane chAtImAM tIra pesI javAthI te mati thaI nIce paDayo. enI rakSAnI khAtara enA bIjA be sAthIo laDI rahyA hatA tyAre killAnI dIvAla oLaMgI tathA daravAjA toDI tenuM lazkara vakhatasara tyAM AvI pahoMcatAM tenA prANa bacI gayA. zatruono nAza karyA bAda tene taMbumAM lAvI tenI chAtImAMthI tIra nikALyuM tyAre eTaluM badhuM vadhAre lohI vahI gayuM ke tenI bacavAnI AzA na rahI, paNa te AyuthabalathI bace. ahithI sika'. dara rAvI para lAvI nAva mAraphate rAvI ane cInAbanA saMgama sthAna paranI chAvaNImAM laI javAmAM Avyo. malAI ane enI paDozanI jhIDekAI vigere jAtioe ahiM AvI tenI tAbedArI svIkArI lIdhI ane kIMmatI bheTonA Dhaga tenA caraNe dharI dIdhA. sikaMdare philipasane e jAtionA para subA tarIke nImyo ane tyAMthI te AgaLa vadhate hAIphesIsa (bIyAsa) jyAM cInAbane (eka rIte jelamane) maLe che te trIjA saMgama sthaLa para thaIne, jyAM cInAba (eka rIte jelama) siMdhune maLe che e cothA saMgama sthaLa para AvI paDe. philisanA tAbAnA pradezanI dakSiNa sImA ahiM sudhI gaNavAmAM AvI hatI. eka nagara paNa ahiM vasAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. pApanI deI eTale kAbula prAMtane amala niSphaLa nIvaDatAM tyAMnA subA TIriethvIranA sthAne alekjhAMDare e prAMtamAM potAnI patnI rojhAnAnA pitA, bephiyAnA umarAva jhIArTisane mokalyo. A pachI teNe AjubAjumAM vasatI keTalIka jAtione tAbe karI athavA te te tene svayaM tAbe thaI gaI. e jAtio ebesTaneI, ethaI ke ekroI, ejheDieI, mali, sabAsI athavA saMbasTAI, vigere nAmothI oLakhAvavAmAM Ave che. paNa cokkasa rIte temanA nAma ane sthAna nakI karI zakAya tema nathI. kahe che ke, sabAsI e prajAsattAkataMtravALI .baLavAna jAti hatI. temanA lazkaramAM 60000 pAyadaLa, 600 ghoDesvAra, 500 ratha hoI tenI saradArI traNa prakhyAta saradAranA hAthamAM hatI. sikaMdare ahiM sudhI jamaNe athavA pazcima kinAre kUca karatA kreTIsane, te kinArA tarapha sagavaDa ane ochI dUzmanAvaTavALI jAtione laI tyAMthI khaseDI havethI vadhAre hIlacAlane anukala DAbe athavA pUrva kinAre badalyo. bahudhA hAlanA sakkara jillAmAM jenI rAjadhAnI hatI evA mausikanesa rAjA para ociMto chApa mAravA have ahiMthI alekjhAMDare jhaDapI kUca AraMbhI. ociMtA chApAthI moIjAtinI peThe mausikinesa gabharAI gayo ane teNe hAthIo tathA uttamottama bheTa dharI tAbedArI svIkArI, paNa pAchaLathI brAhmaNa mastrionI uzkeraNIthI tene e kArya mATe zrAttApa thatAM teNe baLavo karyo. A pradezamAM nImelA subA pIthane pIcho laI mausikisane pakaDayo. tene tathA tenA brAhmaNuM mannino ziraccheda karavAmAM Avyo, daramiyAna alekjhAMDare mausikinesanAM keTalAMka gAmono nAza karyo, keTalAMkamAM thANAM besADyAM. A vijaya pachI eNe eka jhaDapI TukaDI laI ejhIkanesa nAmanA rAjA para caDhAI karI tene keda karyo tathA tenAM be gAma kabaje karyo. bIjA pAsenAM gAma paNa sAme thayA sivAya tAbe thayAM. siMdImAnane rAja seMsa paNa bhayathI nAzI gayuM hatuM te AvI tAbe thayo. ahiM koI eka gAmanA lekene baLavo karavA

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 289 uranAra bIjA vadhAre brAhmaNone katala karavAmAM AvyA hatA. ahiM evuM kahevAya che ke, nIcalI siMdhunI A caDhAI daramiyAna 80000 kedIone mArI nAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA ane ToLAbaMdha lokone gulAmagIrImAM vecavAmAM AvyA hatA. kahe che ke, A samaye bikAnera, bhAvalapura ane siMdhanA raNane jIvana ane dhana arpatI hakA . athavA vAhiMdA nAmanI nadI lupta thayelI nahotI. siMdhu sameta paMjAbanI badhI ya nadIo temAM ThalavAI jatI hatI ane tenuM nAma "siMdhanA miharAna" tarIke bolAtuM hatuM. mane lAge che ke, hakkA nadI A samaye vidyamAna nahotI. te doDhaso karatAM ya vadhAre varSa pahelAM lupta thaI gaI hatI. siMdhu-sauvIranA vItabhayapaTTaNanA rAjA udAyananA svargastha thayA pachI tarata ja e nadI lupta thaI haze ema lAge che. dhaLanA varasAdathI e samaye jema vItabhayapaTTaNuM daTAyuM tema e nadI paNa daTAIne lupta thaI haze, sivAya ke A samayathI pahelAM paNa te lupta thaI gaI hoya. have ahiMthI dakSiNamAM siMdhunA doAbamAM AvelA paTala ke pAtAla tarapha AgaLa kaca karavAnI hatI. pAtAlana rAjA ahiM Avyo hato. teNe alekjhAMDarane maLI tenA caraNe pitAnuM rAjya dharyuM hatuM ane jyAre pitAnA rAjyamAM alekjhAMDara Ave tyAre tenI ne tenA lazkaranI sevA-sarabharA karI zake mATe te pAcho cAlyo gayo hato. A daramiyAna alekjhAMDare kreTIsane hAthIo ane lazkaranA moTA bhAga sAthe kaMdahAra ane sIstAnanA bhAge karamAnI A pahoMcI javAne hukama karyo. kreTIsanI jagyAe pIthanane nImyo. nadInI pUrva bAjunA pradezomAM sattA jamAvavAnI ane baLavAo samAvI vyavasthA sAcavavAnI kAryavAhI banAvyA bAda tene pAtAlamAM AvI maLavAno hukama hato. alekjhAMDara kuca karI pAtAla paDe ane teNe hiphesTiyana pAse tyAM eka kille baMdhAvyo ane najIkamAM kuvA khodAvyA tathA siMdhunI be zere judI paDe che tyAM nAnA mATe ghATa baMdhAvyo. daramiyAna te siMdhunI bane zeramAM thaI dariyA kinArA sudhInI vyavasthA karI pAcho pAtAva Avyo badhI vyavasthA karI nAkhyA bAda have teNe jelamathI ahiM sudhI 10 mAsa paryanta naukA kAphalAnI doravaNI karanAra niArkosane dariyAnA kinAre kinAre irAnI akhAtamAM yukreTisa nadInA mukha sudhI AvavAnI ane musApharInAM avalokano noMdhavA kALajI rAkhavAnI sUcanA karI, ane pite hAlamAM makarAnA nAmathI tathA te vakhate geDejhiyA nAmathI oLakhAtA jaMgalI mulakamAM thaI I. na tarapha cAlyA javA ma. ni. 142-I. sa. pU. 325 okabaranI zarUAtamAM potAnI kuca zarU karI. havAmAna anukUla na hovAthI niArkosane eka bArAmAM keTalAka divasa rokAvuM paDayuM hatuM. e bArAnuM, alekjhAMDaranuM svarga " evuM nAma rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. nisanI dariyAI saphara ane elekjhAMDaranI jamIna paranI kurca lagabhaga samAMtara thAya evI vyavasthA hatI. muzIbatono bhAre sAmano karatAM ane kaSTa uThAvatAM banne daLo AgaLa vadhyAM. anukrame gejhiyAmAM thaI alekjhAMDara karamAnIyAmAM paDao tyAM tene khabara maLI ke. siMdhu ane jelamanA saMgamathI uparavADenA pradezamAM nImAyelA potAnA subA philipasanuM tenA pagAradAra sIpAIonA hAthe dagAthI khuna thayuM che. AthI ciMtAtura thayelA teNe takSazilAnA rAjA AMbhi ane eka presa TukaDInA saradAra yuDIesa para eka patra lakhI, philisanA tAbAnA pradeza para no saba na nImAya tyAM sudhI te pradezane vahIvaTa temaNe saMbhALavo ema jaNAvI saMtoSa mAne. ahithI eTale karamAnIAthI kuca karI alejhAMDara eprIla-menA vacalA divase mAM "susAe 37

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290 avaMtinuM Adhipatya AvI pahoMcyo. naukAdhyakSa nirkesa paNa ahiM tene AvI maLe. ma. ni. 142-I. sa. pU. 325 nA ekabarathI ma. ni. 143-I. sa. pU. 324 nA eprIlanI Akhara sudhInI alekjhAMDaranI A siMdhunA doAbathI susA sudhInI kuca barAbara sAta mahinAnI hatI. A pachI e grIka bAdazAha 13 mahinAthI kAMIka divasa adhika jIvI ma. ni. 144-I. sa. pU. 323 nA jUnamAM pitAnI 33 varSanI ummaramAM bebilena AgaLa mRtyu pAmyo, ane tethI tenA sarva kayAM kAravyAmAM garabaDa macI gaI. tenA saradAree makaduniyA, ijipta ane sIriyA ema traNa vibhAgathI mesiDeniyAnA sAmrAjyane vaheMcI lIdhuM, selyukasa nikeTaranA bhAgamAM sIriyA AvyuM, jemAM pazcima eziyAnA grIka pradezono samAveza thata hate. pazcima eziAnI sarvoparI sattAmAM selyukasane pratispadhI enTigonasa nAmano eka alejhAMDarane saradAra hato. teNe pitAnA pratipakSI selyusane dezamAMthI bhAgI javAnI pharaja pADI hatI; paNuM 3 varSa pachI eTale ma. ni. 155-i. sa. pU. 312 mAM selyukase bebIlenane kabajo meLavI lIdho ane te tyAM sthira thayo. A pachI teNe rAjapada dhAraNa karI silya keDI vaMzanI sthApanA karI. bhAratamAMthI grIka sattA kayAranI ya phagAvI devAI hatI tene pharIthI sthApavAne tene IrAde hatuM tethI teNe vAraMvAra bhAratanA vAyavya pradeza para humalA karavA mAMDyA hatA. teNe gaMgAnAM medAne sudhI ke kathA sudhI paga melyo hato enI koI prAmANika mAhitI maLatI nathI, paNa eTaluM cokkasa che ke, Azare ma. ni. 162-I. sa. pU. 305 mAM bhArata para karelI caDhAImAM tene caMdragupta mauryAnA hAthe sakhta hAra pAmI saMdhi karavAnI pharaja paDI hatI. eNe potAnI putrI caMdraguptane paraNAvI ane hiMdukuza tathA IrAnanI A pAra sudhI lagabhaga badhA ya pradeza tene ApI dIdhA, ke je hakIkata caMdragupta maryanA AlekhanamAM jaNAvAI che. e saMdhi ma. ni. 164-I. sa. pU. 303mAM thaI hatI. ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke, alekajhAMDaranA mRtyu bAda ceDA ja mahinAomAM eTale ma. ni. 145-i. sa. . 322 nI zarUAtamAM, yuDIsa jene vaLagI rahyo hato te pradezAMza sivAya, bhAratamAMthI grIka sattAne aMta Avyo hate. paradezIonI jaDa ukheDI nAkhavA karAyelA baLavAna netA candragupta maurya hate, ke jene grIka lekhake "sekaTa' tarIke uccAre che ane je ma. ni. 141 ke 142-I. sa. pU. 32 ke 325 mAM alekjhAMDara jyAre paMjAba ke siMdhamAM hatuM tyAre tenA samAgamamAM Avyo hate, ema te lekhake lakhe che. cANakyanI sAthe pharatA candragupta bIyAsanA taTa para alejhAMDaranI mulAkAta lIdhI hoya e saMbhavita che, paNa teNe kahevAmAM Ave che e samaye eka netA tarIke koI baLavAmAM bhAga lIdho hoya e banavAjoga nathI. "ma. ni. 146-I. sa. pU. 321 mAM reDisosa mukAme grIka sAmrAjyanA bIjI vAra bhAgalA paDayA tyAre, enTipaTare siMdhunI khINa tathA paMjAba dezI rAjA porasa ane abhine havAle karyA hatA ane siMdhunA doAbamAM nImelA subA pithana ( pina)ne siMdhu nadInI pazcime erejhiyA jevA mulakamAM pherabadala karyo hate. phakta yuDIsane kAMIka adhikAra sAthe siMdhunI khINamAM rahevA dIdho hato athavA yuDIsa pote game te rIte tyAM ma. ni. 150-I. sa. pU. 317 sudhI pitAnI kAMIka sattA rAkhI rahyo hato. eNe dago daI pirasanuM khUna karyuM hatuM, ke je porasane sikaMdare paMjAbamAM lagabhaga svataMtra ja rAkhyo hato ane jenI sAthe rahI kAma karavAnI sattA takSazilAnA rAjA bhine ApI hatI. A yuDImosa ma. ni. 150 I. sa. pU. 317 sudhI TakI rahI pachI dagAthI mArelA pirasa pAsethI kadAca meLavelA 120 hAthI, ane anya lazkara sAthe enTiganesa sAme yuminisanI madade cAlyo gayo hate." grIka lekhakonA AvA prakAranA ullekha

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 291 parathI ema samajAya che ke, alekjhAMDaranA mRtyu bAda thoDA ja mahinAomAM silpanA pUrva pradezomAM sahIsalAmata rIte grIka sattAne TakAvI rAkhavAnuM kArya muzkela banyuM hatuM. siMdhunA doAbathI TheTha philipAsane pelA pradeza sudhInI elekjhAMDarathI chatAyalI dezI jAtio ane temanA saradAre ke rAjAe taraphathI UDI vairavRttine laI grIka sattAne ukheDI nAkhavAnA thatA prayatnane ja kAraNe, enTipeTare grIka sAmrAjyanA bhAgalAnI vyavasthAmAM hiMdanA pradezane jatA karavA jevI bedarakArI batAvI che. kadAca, A samaye siMdhu ane paMjAbanI nadIonA saMgamanI nIcenA pradeze grIka sattAne pheMkI dIdhI paNa haze. e saMgamanA uttara pradezomAM sarvathA svataMtra jevA ja porasa ne abhi rAjya karI rahyA hatA. temanA para yuDIsanuM-grIka saradAranuM pratinidhitva ke dekharekha nAmanI ja hatI, eTale ahiM paNa grIka sattA lagabhaga samApta ja thaI cukI hatI. AvI sthitimAM eTale ke pirasa ne abhinA hAtha nIce bIyAsathI siMdhunI khINa sudhI rahele paMjAba hoya te pachI A pradezamAM baLo jAge ane teno netA caMdragupta mauryuM hoya e asaMbhavita che. saMbhavita vAta te e heI zake ke, yuDImoe potAnI sattA vadhAravAnA mATe parasanuM khUna karatAM grIkonI sAme uzkerAyalI dezI jAtioe ane temanA saradAroe takane zodhatA caMdraguptanA netRtva nIce ma. ni. 150-I. sa. pU. 317 mAM eka moTuM baMDa jagAvI grIkane sindhanA pUrvamAMthI sarvathA nirmULa karyo hoya. jo ke A hakIkatanuM samarthana caMdragupta viSe AlekhatA bhAratIya sAhityathI leza paNa karAtuM nathI; paNa cANakaye pArvatIya rAjAnI madada uparAMta, magadha sAmrAjyane haratagata karavA paMjAbanA sattAdhIza tarIkenuM caMdraguptanuM baLa vadhAravA prayatna karyo hoya ane temAM teNe saphaLatA meLavI hoya te kAMI navAI nathI. A sthaLe mAre kahevuM joIe ke, je mahAzaya mI. mItha jevAnA ullekhonA AdhAre huM A lakhI rahyo chuM, temanAM saMzAdhanonA mULabhUta pAyA astavyasta, saMdigdha ane avizvasanIya paNa hovA saMbhava che. ApaNI dRSTie alekjhAMDaranI caDhAInuM vRttAMta ekataraphI che. mULa lekhakee temAM UjaLI bAju darzAvI haze ke atizayokti karI haze e samajavuM muzkela che, paNa te eka banI gayelI bInA che emAM koI zaka nathI. hAlano sarahada prAMta, bIyAsathI jamaNI taraphanA paMjAba ane ghaNekhara siMdha, e pradezomAM lehI ane AMsunI nadIo vahevaDAvanAra, tenuM sarvasva lUMTanAra ane nAza karanAra tathA sadAnI lUMTa kAyama rAkhavA bhayapUrvaka sattA sthApI TakAvI rAkhavAnI IcchA dharAvanAra eka mahAna lUMTArA viSe bhAratIya lekhake e kAM to kAMI paNa lakhyuM nathI athavA lakhyuM hoya to te kALanA moTA pravAhamAM sacavAI rahevA pAmyuM nathI. saMzodhake kahe che ke, "bhAratamAMthI alekjhAMDaranAM pagalAM thoDAMka varSomAM ja bhUMsAvA mAMDyAM hatAM. Aje emAMnuM kAMI paNa nizAnI rUpe jovA pAmIe tema nathI.' ( 2 ) sIriyAnA bAdazAha selyukasa niTare ma. ni. 164-I. sa. pU. 303 mAM thayelI saMdhi mujaba vAyavya hiMdamAM siMdhunI pelI pAra, je mulaka magadha samrATe caMdragupta mauryane Apyo hato tenA para maurya rAjAenI lagabhaga 97 varSa sudhI eka sarakhI bina upadravI sattA rahI. selyusa nikeTara ma. ni. 18- I. sa. pU. 280mAM mRtyu pAmyo. tenA pachI sIriyAnI gAdIe enTiesa (enTiecasI AvyuM. "seTara' tarIke oLakhAvAtA, bindusArane aMjIrAdi mokalanAra eno rAjaamala ma.ni. 187thI 206-I.sa. 280thI 21 sadhI hatI. A pachI "thIosa' tarIke oLakhAvA enTiekasa bIje sIriyAnA takhta Avyo.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 23 khajAne tathA asaMkhya hAthI ApavAnI pharaja pADI." laDAIno daMDa ugharAvavAnuM kAma pitAnA saradArane sepI te ahiMthI pitAnA mukhya lazkara sAthe erejhiyA, jiAnA thaI karmAnI A cAlyA gayA hatA. enA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM remanoe mesiDanIana sattAnI sAthe yuddha AraMbhI ma. ni. 29I. sa. pU. 168 sudhImAM tene dhuLabhegI karI dIdhI hatI. A samayanI lagabhagamAM remana sAmrAjyanI hada yukreTIsa nadI paryanta pahoMcI hatI ane silyukiDI sAmrAjayamAMthI nIkaLI jaI pazcima irAnano pradeza pArthiyana sAmrAjya tarIke banI gayo hato. mithoDeTasa (mithiDeTisa)nA rAjakAlamAM A ghaTanA banI hoya ema lAge che. aseMsa nAmanA cAra rAjAono rAjatvakAla ma. ni. 217 thI 286-I. sa. pU. 250thI 181 sudhI 69 varSa hatuM. te pachI keTasa pahelAe ma. ni. 286 thI 293 (296)-I. sa. pU. 181-. 174 (171) sudhI 7 ke 10 varSa rAjya karyuM ane pachI ma. ni. 331-I. sapU. 136 sudhI 38 ke 35 varSanA rAjatvakAlavALo uparokta mithoDeTasa Avyo hato, ke je ddho Arasekasa ane mithoDeTasa nAmavALA rAjAomAM paheluM hatuM. A pArthiyana rAja gAdIe Avyo. tenI pUrve keTalAM ya varSothI bekiTrayana rAjA DimeTrIyasa bhArata para caDhAI karI rahyo hato. teNe ma. ni. ra77 thI 29-I. sa. pU. 190 thI 175 sudhImAM kAbula, paMjAba ane siMdha para pitAnI sattA sthApI dIdhI hatI. te jyAre hiMda paranI caDhAIomAM guMthAyo hato tyAre bekiyA paranI tenI pakaDa zithila thatAM yukreTAIDisa nAmanA eka zakhe saphaLa baLa karatAM tene bekiyA gumAvavuM paDayuM. yukreTAIDisa bekiTrayAne svAmI thayo ane DimeTrIyasa tAbe karelA bhAratanA pradezanA rAjA rahyo. kadAca enI rAjadhAnI sAlamAM (sIAlakeTamAM) hoya. yukreTAIDise DimeTrIyasanA bhAratanA rAjya para paNa caDhAI karI ane ma. ni. 307 thI 312-I. sa. pU. 160 thI 155 sudhInA samayamAM teNe hiMdane paNa pitAnA kabaje karyuM hatuM, paNa mahAprayatnathI meLavelI enI e jIte TuMka mudatanI ja nIvaDI. DimeTrIyasa sAme vijayavaMta kArakIrdI bhegavanAra e rAjAne enA putra epaleDeTase ja ghara tarapha pAchA pharatAM rastAmAM mArI nAkhyo hato. yukreTAIDisanuM mRtyu tenA putra heliekalesa dvArA thayuM hatuM ema mI. raulinasananuM matAMtara che. epoloDaTasanA sikkAo evA maLI Ave che ke jenA para yukreTAIDise pitAnI chApa mArI che. A parathI nakkI thAya che ke, epalaDoTasa yuthIDimasa zAkhAno hato ane tenA hAthamAMthI kAbula-kaMdahAra yukreTAIDise laI lIdhAM hatAM. A epaleDeTasa bIjAe yukreTAIDisanuM khUna karyuM hovuM joIe ane enA karelA e khUnanuM vera vALavA yukreTAIDisa pachI bekiTrayAnI gAdIe AvelA tenA putra heliokalese enuM-epa DoTasanuM khUna kareluM. hovuM joIe. A epa DoTasa pachI kAbula-kaMdahAra para mInDara Avyo hato. enA rAjyanI zarUAta ma. ni. 307-I. sa. pU. 160thI thaI hatI ane tenuM mRtyu ma. ni. 327-I. sa. pU. 140mAM thayuM hatuM. enuM janmasthAna alasaMda (alekjhAMDyiA) hatuM. mI. smIthane e yukreTAIDisanA kuTuMbane lAge che, paNa yuthIDimesanA kuTuMbana e hato evI anyanI mAnyatA che. saMbhava che ke, te DimeTriyasane saradAra hAI ene ane epaleDoTasa (2)ne najIkana sago haze. enA rAjyanI zarUAtathI laI aMta sudhImAM bekiTyAmAM heliphekasa ane IrAnamAM mithoDeTasa (1) rAjAo hatA. vIra ane vidvAna gaNAtA mInDare e tarapha lakSya na ApatAM bhAratane jItavA tarapha ja prayatna karyo. ma. ni. 312-I. sa. pU. 155 thI pUrvanI najIkanA samayamAM mAnejare bhArata para caDhAI karI DimeTriyasanA prAMta para kAbu meLavI lIdhe ane pachI siMdhune doAba, kaccha, saurASTra ane rAjapUtAnA paNa jItI lIdhAM. mathurA (surasena ) paranA hallAmAM DimeTriyasane saphaLatA nahi maLI hatI ema lAge che, paNa tenI pachI tyAM AkramaNa laI janAra A mInDare mathurA nagarIne jItI lIdhI hatI ane te TheTha pATalIputra sudhInA pradezane bhayajanaka thaI paDaye

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 293 khajAno tathA asaMkhya hAthI ApavAnI pharaja pADI." laDAine daMDa ugharAvavAnuM kAma pitAnA saradArane seMpI te ahiMthI pitAnA mukhya lazkara sAthe erejhiyA, jiAnA thaI karmAnI A cAlyo gayo hato. enA rAjatvakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM remana kee mesiDonIana sattAnI sAthe yuddha AraMbhI ma. ni. 299I. sa. pU. 168 sudhImAM tene dhuLabhegI karI dIdhI hatI. A samayanI lagabhagamAM romana sAmrAjyanI hada yukreTIsa nadI paryanta pahoMcI hatI ane silyukiDI sAmrAjyamAMthI nIkaLI jaI pazcima IrAnano pradeza pAthiyane sAmrAjya tarIke banI gayo hato. mithoDeTasa (mithiDeTisa )nA rAjatvakAlamAM A ghaTanAo banI hoya ema lAge che. asekasa nAmanA cAra rAjAono rAjavaMkAla . ni. 217 thI 286-i. sa. pU. 250thI 181 sudhI 69 varSa hatuM. te pachI keTasa pahelAe ma. ni. 286 thI 293 (296)-. sa. pU. 181174 (171 ) sudhI 7 ke 10 varSa rAjya karyuM ane pachI ma. ni. 331-I. sa. pU. 136 sudhI 38 1 varSanA rAjatvakAlavALo uparokta mithoDeTasa Avyo hato, ke je prazno Arasekasa ane mithoDeTasa nAmavALA rAjAomAM paheluM hatuM. A pArthiyana rAjA gAdIe Avyo tenI pUrve keTalAM ya varSothI bekiTrayana rAjA DimeTrIyasa bhArata para caDhAIo karI rahyo hato. teNe ma. ni. 277 thI 282-I. sa. pU. 190 thI 175 sudhImAM kAbula, paMjAba ane siMdha para pitAnI sattA sthApI dIdhI hatI. te jyAre hiMda paranI caDhAIomAM guMthAyo hato tyAre bekiTrayA paranI tenI pakaDa zithila thatAM yukreTAITisa nAmanA eka zakhsa saphaLa baLavo karatAM tene bekiTrayA gumAvavuM paDayuM. yukreTAIDisa bekiTrayAno svAmI thayo ane DimeTrIyasa tAbe karelA bhAratanA pradezono rAjA rahyo. kadAca enI rAjadhAnI sAkalamAM (sIAlakeTamAM) hoya. yukreTAIDise DimeTIyasanA bhAratanA rAjaya para paNa caDhAI karI ane ma. ni. 307 thI 312-I. sa. pU. 160 thI 155 sudhInA samayamAM teNe hiMdane paNa pitAnA kabaje karyuM hatuM, paNa mahAprayatnathI meLavelI enI e jIte TuMka mudatanI ja nIvaDI. DimeTrIyasa sAme vijayavaMta kArakIda bhagavanAra e rAjAne enA putra epaleDeTase ja ghara tarapha pAchA pharatAM rastAmAM mArI nAkhyo hato. yukreTAIDisanuM mRtyu tenA putra holaelesa dvArA thayuM hatuM ema mI. rolinasananuM matAMtara che. epelADITasanA sikkAe evA maLI Ave che ke jenA para yukreTAIDise pitAnI chApa mArI che. A parathI nakkI thAya che ke, epoleDoTasa yuthIDimasa zAkhAno hato ane tenA hAthamAMthI kAbula-kaMdahAra yukreTAIDise laI lIdhAM hatAM. A epoleDeTasa bIjAe yukreTAIDisanuM khUna karyuM hovuM joIe ane enA karelA e khUnanuM vera vALavA yukreTAIDisa pachI bekiTrayAnI gAdIe AvelA tenA putra heliokalese enuM-eleDeTasanuM khUna kareluM hovuM joIe. A epeleDoTasa pachI kAbula-kaMdahAra para mIkenDara Avyo hate. enA rAjyanI zarUAta ma. ni. 307-I. sa. pU. 160 thI thaI hatI ane tenuM mRtyu ma. ni. 327-I. sa. pU. 140mAM thayuM hatuM. enuM janmasthAna alasaMda (alekjhAMDiyA ) hatuM. mI. zmIthane e yukreTAIDisanA kuTuMbano lAge che, paNa yuthIDimesanA kuTuMbano e hatuM evI anyanI mAnyatA che. saMbhava che ke, te DimeTriyasane saradAra hAI ene ane epaleDeTasa (2)no najIkano sago haze. enA rAjyanI zarUAtathI laI aMta sudhImAM bekiTyAmAM heliphakasa ane IrAnamAM mithoDeTasa (1) rAjAo hatA. vIra ane vidvAna gaNatA manenDare e tarapha lakSya na ApatAM bhAratane jItavA tarapha ja prayatna karyo. ma. ni. 312-I. sa. pU. 155 thI pUrvanI najIkanA samayamAM mAre bhArata para caDhAI karI DimeTriyasanA prAMta para kAbu meLavI lIdhA ane pachI siMdhuno doAba, kaccha, saurASTra ane rAjapUtAnA paNa jItI lIdhAM. mathurA (surasena) paranA hallAmAM DimeTriyasane saphaLatA nahi maLI hatI ema lAge che, paNa tenI pachI tyAM AkramaNa laI janAra A mInDare mathurA nagarIne jItI lIdhI hatI ane te TheTha pATalIputra sudhInA pradezane bhayajanaka thaI paDayo

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24. 'avaMtinuM Adhipatya hatuM. rAjyatAnAmAM ane uttara hiMdamAM AgaLa vadhatAM tenAM lazkaroe, vyAkaraNa bhASyakAra pataMjalI kahe che tema, rAjaputAnAmAM citaDa pAse AvelI nagarI-prAcInakAlanI madhyamikAne ane sAketa (ayodhyA)ne ghero ghAlyo hate. pariNAme mInDara ane IMga rAjAo vacce ghera saMgrAma thayo hato ane mInDarane magadha tarapha AgaLa vadhatAM aTakAvAyA hatA. A pachI te bekiTsana rAjA hiMdamAMnI rAjadhAnI sAla (sIAlakoTa thI kAbula cAlyo gayo hato. eNe bhAratamAM be traNa varSa gALyAM hatAM. ma. ni. 314 i. sa. pU. 153 nI AkharamAM te kAbulanA aMge vAraMvAra upasthita thatA bhayane pahoMcI vaLavA bhArata choDI gayo-tene choDavAnI pharaja paDI. tyAre teNe pote tAbe karelA pradeza para subAo nImya -temAMne eka suba "bhUmaka' hovAnI saMbhAvanA che. bhUmaka e "kSaharATa' vanatine hate. madhyamikAne ghera ghAlanAra A ja saradAra- chatrapa hovo joIe ane e nagarI lIdhA bAda minenTare tene siMdha, kaccha, seraTha ane rAjaputAnAmAMnA keTalAka bhAgane chatrapa-subo nImela hovo joIe. e DimeTriyasane saradAra hoI tenI sAthe hiMda Avyo haze ane siMdhane jItyA bAda tyAMne chatrapa-subo nImAyA haze, paNa pAchaLathI mInenDaranI sattA taLe AvI tenI sUbAgIrI karatA haze ema anumAna thAya che. teNe rAjAne ilakAba dhAraNa karyo nathI. te TheTha sudhI chatrapa ke mahAchatrapa ja rahyo che. Azare ma. ni. 32-I. sa. pU. 140 mAM mIkenDaranA mRtyu bAda A bhUmaka mIDara pachI AvanArA sTreTone tAbedAra haze paNa e tAbedArI nAmanI ja havA saMbhava che. madhyamikAmAM subA (chatrapa- kSatra5) tarIke jema bhUmakanImAyo hato, tema mathurAmAM rAjulula ane takSazilAmAM "jIonisiasa" nImAyA hatA. rAjIvala ke raMjIvala chatrapa te koI jagAe mahAchatrapa paNa lakhAya che. tenA putra SaDAsanA lekhamAM 42 no aMka che, te ma. ni. 307-i. sa. pU. 16 0 thI zarU thayelo mAnenDara saMvata hovA saMbhava che; eTale e lekha ma. ni. 349I. sa. pU. 118mAM lakhAya haze. A SaDAsano rAjatvakAla AthI thoDAMka varSa pahelAM zarU thayela hoI, . ni. 372-I. sa. pU.95 sudhI rahyo hate. takSazilAmAM jIenisiasa pahelAM enTiokiDasa' hatA. yukreTAIDesanA samakAlina e rAjAne DimeTriyase nIme hevo joIe. eNe potAnA amalanA 14mA varSe besanagaranA zAsakanI pAse takSazilA nivAsI - diyake putra-heliodarane rAjadUta tarIke mokalyo hate, ema bhilasA najIkanA besanagara sthAnamAMthI maLI Avela, helie dore banAvelA viSNunA garuDadhvaja staMbha para lekha kahI rahyo che. A lekhamAM e dUta pitAne yona-beTriyana rAjadUta tarIke jaNAve che. A parathI anumAna thAya che ke, DimeTyise yukreTAIDisanA samakAlIna manAnA e enTiokiDasane takSazilAne subo nIco haze, paNa DimeTriyasanI pachI jyAre mInenTare kAbulamAM rAjapada dhAraNa karyuM tyAre DimeTriyasanA kuTuMbanA A subAe paNa pitAne rAjA tarIke manAvavA mAMDayuM haze. A hisAbe besanagaranA rataMbhalekhano samaya ma. ni. 321-I. sa. pU. 146 mAM Ave, paNa mI. smItha A lekhano samaya ma. ni. 3ra7 thI 337- I. sa. pU. 140 thI 130 vaccenuM anumAna kare che. mAre rAjapada dhAraNa karyuM tyAre nahi paNa jyAre teNe mani. 314-I. sa. pU. 153 nI Akhare hiMda choDayuM te vakhate kadAca enTiAlikaDase pitAne rAjA tarIke manAvyo hoya te e rataMbhalekhane samaya ma. ni. 328-I. sa. pU. 139 mAM Ave, ke je alpAMze mI. smIthanA karelA anumAna sAthe saMgata thAya che. lekhane samaya ma. ni. 321-I. sa. pU. 146 athavA te ma. ni. 328-I. sa. pU. 139 A bannemAMthI game te he paNa e enTiokiDasanuM rAjya ma. ni. 328-I. sa. pU. 139 nI lagabhaga sudhI laMbAyuM hatuM ema mAnavAne kAraNuM che. oresiyasa lakhe che ke, " mITTIesanA saradAranI hAra ane bebIlona paDayA pachI pahelA migriDeTise

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya siMdhu tathA jhelama vaccenA badhI prajAonA muvakane khAlasA karI pitAnA rAjyamAM joDI dIdhA." pahelAM noMdhavAmAM AvyuM che ke mithiDeTisa ke mithoDeTasa (1)ne rAjakAla ma. ni. 293 (26) thI 331-I. sa. pU. 174 (171)thI 136 hato. A samaye siMdhu ne jhelama vacce rAjya karate takSazilAne zAsaka enTiAkiDasa hato ke je DimeTriyasane saradAra hato. eresiyasanA lakhANamAM A saradAranI ja hAranuM sUcana che; kemake eresiyase nirdiSTa karelA chatAyalA pradezane A samaya daramiyAna te ja zAsaka hatuM. "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza'nA lekhaka miDeTasanI uparokta chatano samaya ma. ni. 329-I. sa. pU138 nI najIkane lakhe che; arthAta mIDaranA mRtyu bAda athavA besanagaranA staMbha para lekha ketarAvyA bAda (je e lekha ma. ni. 321-I. sa. pU. 146 mAM nahi paNa ma. ni. 328-I. sa. 5. 139 mAM kAtarAvyo hoya te ) eka be varSamAM ja enTiokiDasanI hAra thaI siMdhu ane jhelama nadI vacceno pradeza pArthiyana sAmrAjyamAM joDAya hate. saMbhava che ke, mithoDeTasanA hAthe bebIlona pahelAM paDayuM haze paNa hiMdamAM jhelama sudhInI tenI sattA pazcima bhAratanA vijetA suprasiddha mInDaranI hayAtImAM nahi, paraMtu "bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza'nA lekhaka kahe che tema, tenA mRtyu bAda ja sthapAI hevI joIe. - mithoDeTasanI uparokta jhelama sudhInI sattA hovAnI vAta oresiyasa kare che te parathI keTalAke sikkAo ke lekhomAM chatrapa ke mahAchatrapa IlkAbavALA vaMcAtA jIenisasa, kharasTa, liaka ane pATika ke patika e takSazilAnA zAsakene tathA rAjulula ane DAsa e mathurAnA zAsakene miDeTase hiMdamAM sthApelI pArthiyana sattAnA zaka jAtinA subAo mAne che. teo evo abhiprAya dharAve che ke, " "satrapa' e zuddha IrAnI IlkAba dhAraNa karavAne lIdhe, A ja arasAmAM rAjA tarIke dekhAtA ane lAMbI vaMzAvalIvALA parziyana rAjAonA ja teo-sikkAo ke lekhomAM vaMcAtA jIosisa Adi ke rAjula Adi-subAo hovA joIe." mane uparokata mAnyatA ke abhiprAya barAbara heya ema nathI lAgatuM, ane e kAraNa paNa che. erasiyasanA kahevA pramANe, mithoDeTase jhelama sudhI pArthiyane sattA sthApI hoya te pazu e sattA sthApyAne je samaya ma. ni. 329-I. sa. pU. 138 mAnavAmAM Ave che te pachI tene rAjakAla be varSa ja rahyo che. enA rAjyAnta pachI phreTasa (2) Avyo ane rAjakAla ma. ni. 331 thI 339-i. sa. pU. 136 thI 128 sudhI 8 varSa tathA deTasa pachI ATabenasa AvyA. eno rojakAla ma. ni. 339 thI 34ja-I. sa. pU. 128 thI 123 sudhI 5 varSa hatA. e bane rAjAoe zaka athavA evA prakAranI bhaTakatI dhasI AvelI jAtio sAthenA jhaghaDAmAM pitAnA prANa gumAvyA hatA. e viSama samaye mithoDeTase jItelA hiMdanA pradeza para pArthiyana sattAno kAbu naSTa thaI jatAM tyAM-takSazilAmAM chaenisasa nAmano chatrapa Avyo che. pArthiyanono e pradeza para dAba zithila thayAnI hakIkata mI. mItha paNa lakhI rahyA che. temano abhiprAya A pramANe che: ja e navA jItelA prAMtano sIdho vahIvaTa TesikananI sarakArane hAtha thoDAM varSa ja rahyo haze evo saMbhava che. I. sa. pUrve 130 thI 120 sudhImAM bhaTakatI jAta sAthenA jhaghaDAmAM bIjA kreTIsa tathA ApTeenase aMdagI khAI te prasaMgamAM hiMdI sarahadanAM rAjya jevAM dUra AvelAM tAbAnAM rAjaya parane madhyastha sarakArano dAba zithila thaI gayo haze; ane saMbhava che ke AvI rIte maLelI takane

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296 avaMtinuM Adhipatya lAbha laI asa, ke je ghaNuM karIne zaka haze, teNe paMjAbanI gAdI para pitAnI sattA jamAvI ane tAtvika rIte kadAca te svataMtra nahi hoya paNa vyavahAramAM te taddana svataMtra ja banI rahyo." pArthiyana sarakArano dAba zithila thaI hiMdI sarahada koI anyanI sattAmAM cAlI gaI e vAta barAbara che, paNa mI. mItha e sattAne pacAvI pADanAra je "measa' tarIke jaNAve che te asaMgata che ema te nahi, paNa jarUra paDAphera che. ArTIenasa pachI pArthiyAnI gAdI para mahAna mithoDeTasa bIje AvyuM hatuM. enA rAjatyakAla ma. ni. 344 thI 379-I. sa 123 thI 88 sudhI 35 varSa hato. eNe bhAre prayatnathI pArthiyana sattAne bahu ja majabUta banAvI, ke je tenI pUrvanA be rAjAonA samayamAM astavyasta ane nabaLI paDI gaI hatI. kahe che ke, eNe vikharelI zakitane ekaThI karI balucistAna ane paMjAba para pitAnI sattA jamAvI. A mizroDeTasa bIjAe pote jItelA paMjAba para "asa"ne su nImyo hato. e moasa pArthithana hatuM. enI saradArI nIce ja prathama pAtika pAsethI takSazilA ane pachI tarata ja rAjIvalanA putra-SaDAsa pAsethI mathurA chatI levAyuM hatuM; pariNAme te banne ya rAjAnA sarva pradezano zAsaka nImAyo hato. uparAMta, mahAna mithoDeTasa bIjAe sIstAna ane kaMdahAranA pradezamAM bIjI paNa eka zAkhA sthApI hatI. ahiM teNe potAnA rAjavaMzIne nImavAnI prathA rAkhI hatI. mithoDeTasa mRtyu pAme tyAre rAjavaMzI nahi paNa tenI jAtinA moame rAjAdhirAja pada dhAraNa karyuM ane te kadAca sarvathA svataMtra nahi te paNa svataMtra jevo ja thaI gayo. kAraNa ke; mithoDeTasa bIjAno prabala hAtha jate rahyo hato ane tenA pachI AvelA be traNa rAjAonA samayamAM, eTale ke ma. ni. 379 thI 407-I. sa. pU. 88 thI 60 sudhInA 28 varSanA kAlamAM, pArthiyAnI ane sIstAna-kaMdahAranI ema mukhya ane piTA banne zAkhAo zake sAthenA jhaghaDAomAM guMcavAyelI hoI hiMda tarapha jhAjhuM lakSya Ape tema na hatI. kharI vAta to e havA saMbhava che ke, mithoDeTasa bIjAe sIstAna ane kaMdahAra vigere pradezanA zAsana mATe jema vAsasathI eka rAjavaMzo zAkhA zarU karI hatI tema hiMdamAMnA jItelA pradezonA zAsana mATe "asa"thI bIjI zAkhA calAvI hatI ane te paNa rAjavaMzI ja hatI. joke sIstAna-kaMdahAranI zAkhAnA ane takSazilA ke pazcima paMjAbanI zAkhAnA pArthiyana zAsake vonosasa vigere tathA moasa potAne mahArAja, rAjAdhirAja vigere vizeSaNathI navAje che ane teo anukrame pitAnA tAbAnA zaka sAhIo tathA zaka ke kSaharATa kSatrapanA vaDA hatA, to paNa temaNe sarvathA svAtaMtrya dhAraNa nahotuM karyuM. temane mAthe sAhAsAhI-zahenazAha hate, ke je pArthiyana sAmrAjyane sArvabhauma-samrATuM hatuM. "maharajasa' e "mahAchatrapa" jevo sAhANusAhIthI Utarate IlakAba haze, ane tenAthI Utarate IlkAba sAhI ke rAjA e chatrapa jevo ilakAba haze, ema vonosasa vigerenA te samayanA sikkAo parathI sahaja anumAna thAya che. "maharajasa" IlakAba mATe thatuM anumAna "rajadirajasa" ke "rajarajasa" ne paNa lAgu paDe che. mAasa (mega) ane ayasa (aijAsa ke ejhIjha ) vigere hindI prAMtanA zAsakee je "rajadirajasa" ke "rajarajasa" IlakAba pitAnA sikkAomAM kotarAvyo che te paNa "mahAchatrapa" nA ja arthamAM che. AthI samajAze ke, ase madhyastha pArthiyana sarakAranI nabaLAIne ke agavaDo lAbha laI "rAjAdhirAja' pada dhAraNuM karyuM nathI. mI. ramItha ane hiMda paranI sattAne samaya ma. ni. 372 I. sa. pU. 95nI lagabhaga

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 297 beMdhe che ane ene anugAmI ejhIjha hatuM ema teo lakhe che. teonuM kahevuM che ke, mizriDeTisa (mithoDeTasa ke mithoDeTasa) bIjAe sIstAna-kaMdahAravALI pArthiyana zAkhAne baMdha karI e pradezano vahIvaTa sIdhesIdho pitAnA hAthamAM laI lIdho hato ane satrapa ejhIjha, ke je vanasasanA bhAI spelisisano putra hoI potAnA pitAne rAjakAryamAM madada karI rahyo hato, tene sIstAna-kaMdahAranA pradezamAMthI pherabadalI karI hiMdI pradezamAM asanI jagAe mukayo hate. A pherabadalIne samaya ma. ni. 409-I. sa. pU. 58 hato. mI. mItha eka bAju "(Azare I. sa. pU. 123) pArthiyane sattA mahAna mithiDeTisa bIjAnA prabala amala nIce pAchI pagabhara thaI." ema lakhe che, tyAre bIjI bAju "I. sa. pU. 58 mAM te ( ajhIjha) mAsanA anugAmI tarIke Avyo ane mizciDeTIsanA tAbAnA rAjA tarIke teNe te prAMta para rAjya karyuM." AvI rIte mithoDoTasa bIjAnA nAme ja hakIkta caDhAvI rahyA che. ma. ni. 344 thI 379-I. sa. pU. 123 thI 88 sudhI rAjatvakAlavALo mahAna miDeTasa bI je ma. ni. 409-I. sa. pR. 58 mAM ke te pachInA samayamAM ejhIjhanA uparI tarIke kayI rIte hoI zake ? mithoDeTasa trIjo ma, ni, 47 thI 411-I. sa. pU. 60 thI 56 sudhI.4 varSa pArthiyAnA sAmrAjya para hate tenA samayanI tenA hAthe banelI ghaTanAne-sIstAna-kaMdahAranI zAkhA baMdha karI ejhIjhane measanA anugAmI tarIke pArthiyana hiMdI pradezamAM pherabadala karyo e ghaTanAne--mI. mItha mahAna mithoDoTasa bIjAnA nAme caDhAvI rahyA che, ke je mithoDosa bIje AjathI 30 varSa pahelAM duniyAne choDI gayo hato. A hakIkta jema pAThakera thaI gaI che tema mI. smIthanI neMdhelI, "pahelA mithoTasa pachInA samayamAM madhyastha sarakArane dAba kamI thatAM moasa takano lAbha laI pazcima hiMdanI sattA pacAvI paDyo," evA prakAranI hakIkata paNa kharekhara pAThAphera che. pahelA mithoDoTasa pachI hiMdanA jItelA pradeza para madhyastha sarakArane dAba kamI thaya hate (kharI vAta e che ke te ja rahyo hata) e, prabala zaktizALI hovAthI mahAna gaNAtA mithoDoTasa bIjAnA rAjya para AvyA pahelAMnI phreTIsa ane ArTI benasanA samayanI hakIkata che; jyAre moasa pazcimahiMdano rAjAdhirAja banyo che, tenA rAjyanAM aMtima varSomAM banelI hakIkata che. mithoDoTasa bIjAe jItelA hiMdI pradeza para ane nImyo e hakIkata, pADApherathI "mithoDoTasa pahelAe jItelA pradeza para te nImAyo hatuM ke AvyA hatA ane pAchaLathI takano lAbha laI svataMtra thaI gayo hato." AvA prakAre mI. smIthanA hAthe nAMdhAI gaI che. I. sa. pU. 174 thI I. sa. pU. 58 sudhImAM mithoDoTasa nAmanA traNa rAjAo thaI gayA hatA tenA badale be ja mAnI levAthI A goTALo thaI gayo lAge che. AnuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke, ma. ni. 372- Isa. pU. 95 lagabhagamAM moasa hiMdanA pradezane rAjAdhirAja banyo te pahelAMnA, takSazilAnA onisasa vigere, mathurAnA rAjulula vigere ane madhyamikAnA bhramaka vigere je bekiTayana saradAro hatA, te sarvane pArthiyana saradAre mAnI levAmAM AvyA, ke je mAnyatA nIce ApelI hakIkatathI paNa asaMgata kare che. ma. ni. 307 thI 312- I. sa. pU. 160 thI 155 nA vacce helioplesa beTriyA para gAdIe Avyo ane te ma. ni. 327 thI 337- I. sa. pU. 140 thI 130 nA vacagALA sudhI rahyo hato. A heliokelesano samakAlIna sTeTo (1) hatuM. e kAbula ane paMjAbano zAsaka hato. heliokalesanA rAjyanAM zarUAtanAM varSomAM yAvata ma. ni. 327- I. sa. pU. 140 sudhI kAbula ane paMjAba vigereno zAsaka mahArAjA mInenTara hatuM eTale helieksesano samakAlIna sTeTa kAbula ane paMjAbanA zAsaka tarIke bha. ni. 327-i. sa. pU. 140 pachI ja hoI zake. kahe che ke, A sTreTo (1)nuM rAjya lAMbA samaya 38

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298 avaMtinuM Adhipatya sudhI cAlyuM hatuM ane enI pachI ene pautra sTeTo bIjo kAbula ane paMjAbanA mahArAjA banyA hatA. pathiyana satrae A bIjA sTeTanA hAthamAMthI takSazilAnuM (pazcima paMjAbanI rAjadhAnInuM) rAjya kheMcAvI lIdhuM hatuM. A kathana parathI anumAna thAya che ke, sTeTa pahele ane sTeTa bIje emanI sattA takSazilA (pazcima paMjAba) para 45 varSa jeTalI rahyA bAda ma. ni. 372-I. sa. pU. 95nI lagabhagamAM pArthiyana satrapa mese te khucAvI lIdhI hatI. sTeTa (1) kAbulanA rAjya para Avyo tyAra bAda takSazilAnA enTiokiDasa para pArthiyana zahenazAha mithoDoTase caDhI AvI siMdhu ane jhelamanI vaccenA pradezane kabajo lIdhe hoya te paNa, jo ke e hakIkata bIjA mithoDoTasanA badale pahelA mizroDeTasanA nAme caDhI gaI che ane te mane zaMkAspada lAge che, sTeTanA rAjyanI zarUAtanAM ceDAMka varSa te pradezamAM pArthiyanene tAbo rahyo haze, paraMtu pachIthI sTreTa pahelAe tyAMthI pArthiyane khaseDI mukI pitAnI sattA sthApI haze ane tyAM satrapa jIonisasane athavA te pArthiyane khaseDavAmAM agrabhAga lenAra rAjulula he I tenA yuvarAja kharastane nIce haze, ke je kharaeTa pachI kusulaka-liaka ane pAtika nAmanA satra AvyA hatA. liakakasUlakane putra pAtikano eka lekha maLe che temAM, kahevAmAM Ave che ke, moasanuM nAma che ane 78 ne aMka che. Ano artha e karavAmAM Ave che ke, te pArthiyana meane AdhIna hato. A artha barAbara che, paNa e aMka zaka saMvata tarIke kapAya che te barAbara nathI. pahelAM e rAjA mInDaranA vaMzaja sTeTa bIjAne AdhIna hatA ane tethI teNe mInDaranA rAjayAraMbhanA samayathI eTale ma. ni. 307- I. sa. pU. 160 thI zarU thayelA saMvatane upayoga kare che. e gaNatarIe ene lekha lakhAyAnuM varSa ma. ni. 385-i. sa. pU. 82 Ave che ke je, pArthiyana mease hiMdanA ' jItelA pradeza para sattA sthApI te varSathI eTale ma. ni. 372 -I. sa. pU. 95 thI teramuM varSa che. uparokta sarva hakIkatathI, ma. ni. 372 -I. sa. pU. 95 thI pahelAM paMjAbamAM beTriyana vaDI nIce satranI sattA hatI, ema spaSTa samajAya che. mathurAnA satra paNa e samaya pUrve bekiTrayana sattAne ja tAbe hatA. paMjAbamAM ane sUrasenamAM paNa pArthiyana sAmrAjaya patharAyuM hatuM e vAta sAcI che. paNa te ma. ni. 372- I. sa. pU. 95 pachInA samayamAM ja, saMbhava che ke, ma. ni. 372-i. sa. pU. 95 nI lagabhagamAM vidyamAna pAtika ane thoDAsa e anukrame takSazilA ane mathurAnA satra, ane temanI pachI AvanArA anya satra acokkasa samayaparyata measa vigerenI pArthiyana sattAne tAbe rahI TakI rahyA haze, paNa A viSe nizcayAtmaka kAMI paNa kahI zakAya tevuM sAdhana nathI. * takSazilAnA ane mathurAnA e uparokta satra kayI jAtinA hatA ene sarvathA nizcaya thaI zake tema nathI. " prAcIna bhAratavarSa ' nA lekhaka Do. tribhovanadAsa zAha te sApha sApha lakhe che ke, e satra kSaharATajAtinA hatA. paraMtu bhUmaka ane nahapAnanA mATe "kSaharATa' zabda lakhAyele ApaNane vAMcavA maLe che tema takSazilA ke mathurAnA satra mATe maLatuM nathI, tethI teo kSaharATa hatA ke, jema keTalAka kahe che tema, "zaka' hatA, e nakakI karavuM muzkela che. bAkI bhUmaka ane nahapANae zAsa te kSaharATa ja hatA e viSe zaMkA ja nathI. kSaharATa bhUmaka e pahelAM "chatrapa' hatA, pachI "mahAchatrapa' banyo haze ane "rAjA" ne IlkAba teNe pitAnA jIvanamAM dhAraNa karyo haze. e satrapa hato tethI tene pArthiyana sago mAnI levAnI bhUla na karavI joIe. te bekiTayana sUbo hate. DeriyasanA vizAla sAmrAjyamAM vaparAI rUDha thaI gayelo. bekTriyA ane sIstAna-kaMdahAra vigeremAM paNa vyApaka banelo e satrapa ke chatrapa ane mahAsatrapa ke

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya 29 mahachatrapa zabda pArthiyana rAjAonI jema bekTriyana rAjAo paNa jo pitAnA subAo ane sarasubAonA mATe vAparatA hoya athavA te bekiTrayana subAo beTriyana jAtithI pitAnI jAtine judI oLakhAvavA potAnA mULa vatanamAM vyApaka banelA e chatrapadi zabdano upayoga karatA hoya to te banavAjoga che. bhramaka chatrapamAMthI mahAchatrapa kyAre banyo e nizcayathI kahI zakAya tema nathI. saMbhava che ke, takSazilAnA mahArAjA enTiokiDasanA mRtyu bAda te mahAchatrapa banyuM hovo joIe, ke . daramiyAna mathurAne chatrapa rAjula paNa mahAchatrapa banyo hovAno saMbhava che. bhUmaka, tenI pAchaLa AvanAra nahapANanI jema, pitAnA para koInI sattA nahi evo svataMtra svAmI banyuM nathI, paNa tenA mAthe nAmanI ja bekiTrayana sattAnI tAbedArI hoI te bahudhA svataMtra ja hatuM. teNe madhyamikAmAM rahI tenI barAbara pazcimanA pradezamAM siMdhunA deAbane lagatA pradeza sudhI, saurASTramAM ane rAjaputAnAnA dakSiNamAM amuka anizcita pradeza sudhI adhikAra bhaMga hoya ema lAge che. tenA pAchaLanA jIvanamAM kSaharATa nahapANe pitAnA sagA zaka saradAra usabhadAtanI sahAya vaDe lATathI laI yAvata pazcima ghATanA pUrvamAM AvelA dakSiNanA keTalAka pradeza sudhI e adhikArane vistAryo hato. kSaharATa bhUmaka bahu lAMbA kALa sudhI sattA bhogavata rahyo hoya ema lAge che, paNa mahAvIra nirvANanI cothI ane isavIsananI pUrve bIjI sadImAM te kyAM sudhI hayAta ho e bahu cokasAIthI kahI zakAya tema nathI; chatAM usavadAsanA nAsikanAM eka lekhamAM nahapANane "rAjA kSatra" tarIke oLakhAvyo che tyAre ayamanA jItteranA lekhamAM tene "rAja mahAkSatrapa svAmI" kahI biradAvyo che, ane tenA jamAI tathA amAtyanA e lekhamAM koIka saMvatanA "ra" ane "46' aMka lakhAyA che, e parathI anumAna thAya che ke, nahapANu "ra" thI "46' ne vacagALe satrapa maTI mahAsatrapa banyo hato ane jyAre e mahAsatrapa banyo tyAre najIkanA ja pUrva samayamAM tene pUrvagAmI bUmaka mRtyu pAmyo hovo joIe. A "42' ane '46" nA aMka kyA saMvatanA haze-mInejaranA rAjyAraMbhathI cAlelA tenA saMvatanA haze ke mInDara ane enTiokiDasanA mRtyu bAda mahAsatrapa banelA bhUmakanA te samayathI gaNAtA saMvatanA haze--e bahu ja khAtrIthI kahevuM muzkela che. ma. ni. 307 mAM cAlelA mIkenDara saMvatanA e aMko hoya te, ma. ni. 349 thI 353-I. sa. pU. 118 thI 114 nI vacagALe bhUmakanuM mRtyu ane nahapAnuM mahAsatrapa pada thayuM gaNAya; paNa je lagabhaga svataMtra ane mahAsatrapa banelA rAjA bhUmake mInenDara ane enTiokiDasanA mRtyu bAda ma. ni. 328 ke 329-I. sa. pU. 139 ke 18 mAM calAvelA saMvatanA e aMko hoya te, ma. ni. 370 ke 371 thI 374 ke 375- I. sa. pU. 97 ke 90 thI 97 ke 92 nI vacagALe bhUmakanuM mRtyu ane nahapANunI mahAsatra5 padanI prApti thayelI gaNAya. Ama bhUmakanuM mRtyu ane nahapANanI mahAsatra 5 padanI prApti, ene samaya uparokata be bhinna bhinna gaNatarIe Azare 25 varSa jeTalo AgaLa pAchaLa Ave che. mane lAge che ke, ma ni. 372- I. sa. pU. 95 lagabhaga pArthiyanee paMjAba vigere pradeza para potAnI sattA jamAvI te daramiyAna bhUmakanA mRtyu vigerenI ghaTanA banI haze. navAhananA AlekhanamAM meM e ja mAnyatAne AlekhI che, chatAM bhUmakane sajatvakAla vadhAre laMbAvAya na hoya ane uparokata bhUmakanA mRtyu vigerenI ghaTanA ethI Azare 25 varSa pahelAM banI hoya to te paNa kadAca ghaTI zake. paNa e rIte nahapAyuM

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300 avaMtinuM Adhipatya ane navAhananA rAjavakAlane AraMbha lagabhaga eka ja samayamAM AvI jatAM te baMne eka ja hovAnI kalpanA karavI, e nabhavAhananA AlekhanamAM darzAvelAM aneka kAraNothI asaMgata hoI nakAmI che. . kSaharATa bUmaka pachI Avelo kSaharATa mahAkSatra5 nahapAchuM e pahelAM kSatrapa hatA. kSatrapa hate tyAre e pitAne "rAjA' tarIke lakhe che tethI anumAna thAya che ke, tene pitA rAjA haze ane vaLI mahAchatrapa haze, tathA tenA samaya pahelAM ja vidyamAna tene purogAmI bUmaka hovAthI te ja teno pitA haze. bhUmaka pitAnA sikkAomAM, ke je zarUAtanA haze temAM, pitAne chatrapa lakhe che paNa rAjA tarIke lakhate nathI, kAraNa ke tenA pitA mahAchatrapa, ke je rAjA tarIkeno haka dharAve che, nahi heya. pitAnI kAmagIrIthI mahAchatrapa (rAjA) banyA hoya tene vArasa tenA jIvatAM chatrapa (rAjA) ane tenA mRtyu bAda mahAchatrapa (rAjA) pitAne lakhI zake, paNa je chatrapa hoya athavA chatrapano vArasa chatrapa hoya te pitAne rAja tarIke lakhI zake nahi evo keI niyama A samaye pravartata haze ema lAge che. enA nAmane nirdeza karanAra che koI tAbedAra zAsaka heya te te e nAma sAthe rAjAnuM birUda ne svAmI tarIkenuM vizeSaNa paNa pitAnA lekhamAM lakhe che. chatraponA sikkAomAM Na "svAmI' vizeSaNa vaparAyeluM jovAmAM Ave che, te paNa kadAca AvA ja niyamane AbhArI heya. uparokta rIte chatrapa ke mahAchatrapa rAjA ke svAmI tarIke lakhAyA che, paNa rAjAdhirAja, mahArAjA ke mahArAjAdhirAja tarIke lakhAyA nathI. e zabdo pArthiyana rAjavaMzI ke bekina rAjavaMzI zAsakone mATe ja bahudhA anAmata rahyA che, ema maLI AvatA sikkAo parathI samajAya che. (3) asekasavaMzane pArthiyana rAjA miDeTasa (3) a. ni. 407 (I. sa. pU. 60) varSe irAnanI gAdI para Avyo hato. eNe sistAnI peTAzAkhA baMdha karI tyAMnA zAsaka spelirisisanA madadagAra putra ejasane ma.ni. 400(I.sa. . pa8) varSe takSazilAmAM nImyo. A sthaLe pUrve asa-mojasa (maga)nI katA hatI. measa ane esa baMne pArthiyana hatA paNa taphAvata e hatuM ke, mAasa jyAre sAmAnya rIte pArthiyana hatA tyAre ejasa pArthiyana rAjavaMzane hate. takSazilAnA hAtha nIce zAsita pradeza TheTha mathurA sudhI laMbAte hate. mithoDeTase ejasane takSazilAmAM nIme tenI pUrve, eTale ma. ni. 407 (i. sa. pU. 60) varSe zrI kAlabhAcAryo sIstAnanA pradezathI lAvelA sAhizakoe, soraThathI laI ujajayinInA pradeza sudhI pitAnI sattA sthApI dIdhI hatI. A samaye; siMdhunA doAbamAM pUrve AvelA zake, ke jeo tyAM vasAhata sthApI sthira thaI rahyA hatA teo zAsana karI rahyA hatA, ane temanAmAMne dinikane putra usavadAta, ke je pitAnA sasarA nahapANanA hAtha nIce zAsana karate TheTha nAzika ane punA jIllAnA pradeza sudhI sattA jamAvI beThA hatA te nahapAnuM mRtyu thayA bAda tenA vizAla pradeza para rAjya karate hate. purANe bhAre baLApApUrvaka plene udezI je bhaviSyavANI uccAre che tene baMdhabesatA samayamAM hAlane paNa eka samaya hato, ke jyAre lagabhaga AkhA pazcimabhArata ane uttara bhAratanA pazcima vibhAga para zakanI ane pArthiyanenI sattA jAmI hatI. gabhillanA putra vikramAditye AbronI sahAyapUrvaka jAmelI zaka sattAne ukheDavA prAraMbha karyo, teNe ujajayinIne pradeza tAbe karyo ane lATa tathA Anarta jItI lIdhAM tathA tApI nadInA dakSiNa pradezamAM paNa pagapesAro karavA mAMDyo, daramiyAna zaka-kSaharATonA dabANathI pratiSThAnapura (paiThaNaauraMgAbAda chelle )thI TheTha bejhavADAnA pradeza

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya jeTale dUra rAjanagara laI gayelA AndrarAjAoe paNa taka sAdhI lIdhI. dIpisAtakaNie pratiSThAna sudhInA te pachI AvelA gautamIputra ariSTa sAtaNie pazcimaghATa sudhInA pradezamAMthI zaka kSaharATanI sattAne khatma karI nAkhI. tenI pachI AvelA sAtavAhana hAle (zAlivAhane) pitAnA senAdhipati zadraka (vikramazakita). dvArA soraTha, siMdha ane pazcima paMjAba (mArI samaja mujaba uttarApatha) para paNa vijaya meLavyo. e vakhate pazcima paMjAbanI takSazilAmAM pArthiyana rAjA gonDaphAranesa zAsana karI rahyo hate, ke je miDeTase (3) nImelA ojasa pachI svatIya anuzAsaka hato. takSazilAmAM ejase 17 varSa (ma. ni. 409-426, i. sa. pR.58-41), pachI ejhIlIse 28 varSa (ma. ni. 426-454, I. sa. pU. 41 | bAda eja? 32 varSa (ma. ni. 454-486, I. sa. pu. 13-i. sa. 19) rAjya karyuM hatuM. A pachI ma. ni. 486 (I. sa. 19) varSe gonDokAnesa gAdI para Avyo hato. tene eka lekha takhatevAhIthI maLyo che te tenA rAjayanA 26 mA varSe eTale ma. ni. 512 (I. sa. 45 ) varSa ketarAyale che. e lekhamAM 103 no saMvata noMdhyo che. A saMvata ejasa (ajhIjha pahelA)ne takSazilAmAM rAjyAraMbhathI zarU thayela ghaTI zake che. ejasa takSazilAmAM ma. ni. 409 (i. sa. pU. 58 ) varSa kiravA tyArathI gaNatAM gaphAranesa (gADaeNphArasa-gudapharasa)nA rAjyanA 26mA varSe-ma. ni. 512 (I. sa. 45) varSe barAbara 103nI sAla Ave che. A vakhate sidhune doAba paNa gonDophAranesanA tAbAmAM hatuM. A gonDopharanesanuM mRtyu ma. ni. 515 (I. sa. 48) varSe thayuM hatuM. tene rAjakAla 29 varSa hatA. tenA mRtyu bAda tenuM hindI rAjya be TukaDAmAM vaheMcAI gayuM hatuM. pazcima paMjAba tenA bhatrIjA abda-sasanA tAbAmAM ane sindha tathA kaMdahAra authenasanA kabajAmAM gayAM. abdagamasane uttarAdhikArI koNa hato te jaNAyuM nathI, jyAre peMgnisane uttarAdhikArI parasa (parasa) jaNAya che. hiMdakazane oLaMgI kAbulane ma. ni. 517 (I. sa. 50)nI lagabhagamAM jItI lenAra yuthI jA kuzAna zAkhAnA saradAra kaDaphisijha pahelAe ( kaphaksa kuSANe ) gokAranesanA hindI pArthiyana rAjyane tenA vAraso pAsethI jItI levAnI zarUAta karI ane kaDakisIjha bIjAe (me) e kArya samApta karyuM. yucI jAtine saMgaThita karanAra kaDakisijha pahele ma. ni. 507 (I. sa. 40 )nI lagabhagamAM rAjya para Avyo hato. tenuM mRtyu 80 varSanI ummare ma. ni. 544 (I. sa. 77) varSe thayuM hatuM. eNe kAbula jItyuM tyAre tyAM hamiMyasa rAjA rAjya karI rahyo hato. manejaranI pachI sTreTe (1) soTara, sTeTo (2) phile peTara, DAyaDoTasa (1). DAyoDoTasa (2). enTimekasa (1), enTimekasa (2), paulikasenasa, e rAjAo kAbula para AvyA hatA, tyAra bAda hamiMyasa kAbulano zAsaka thayuM hatuM. kuzAnee minenDaranI e bekiTrayana sattAne ane ejasa (1) nI pArthiyana sattAne anukrame lagabhaga 200 varSa ane 108 varSa karatAM ya vadhAre varSa cAlyA bAda tene sarvathA aMta ANyo hate. sindhanI pazcimane hindI pArthiyana pradeza kaDaphisIjha pahelAe ane sidhunI pUrva taraphane hindI pArthiyana pradeza kaDaphisIjha bIjAe jItI lIdhuM hatuM. e chatene samaya cokasAIthI jaNAvI zakAya tema nathI. ma. ni. 517 thI 567 vaccenA samayamAM eTale IsavIsananI pahelI sadInA uttarArdhamAM e chate meLavAI haze eTaluM ja sAmAnyathI kahI zakAya. kahe che ke, kaDakrisijha bIje gaMgAnI khINomAM banArasa sudhI AgaLa vadhyo hato. yucIonA pAMca samUhanuM saMgaThana sAdhI Azare ma. ni. 507 (i. sa. 40) mAM tenA mukhya netA banelA kaDaphisijha pahelAe (kuSANe) hiMdukuza pAra karI IrAnanA pArthiyana rAjyane bhayamAM mukAyA evI sthiti UbhI karI. A samaya daramiyAna, eTale ma. ni. 512 (I. sa. 45) varSe, hindI pArthiyana rAjA gokAranesa (gadapharasa) bhAratane cheDI potAnA vatana-irAnamAM cAlI gayo hato ema

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302 avaMtinuM Adhipatya kahevAya che. tenA hiMdamAMthI cAlyA javAnuM kAraNa, hindanI gAdIne saMkelI IrAnanI gAdI sAthe joDI devAnuM jaNAvavAmAM Ave che. kahe che ke, e rAjAnuM mRtyu ma. ni. para7 (I. sa. 60) varSe, IrAnanI mukhya gAdI para ma. ni. 512 thI 5ra7 (I. sa. 45 thI 60) sudhI 15 varSa rAjya bhogavyA bAda thayuM hatuM. mI. mItha vigere gaphAranesanuM mRtyu ma. ni. 515 (I. sa. 48) varSe lakhI tenA hindI pathithana pradezanA bhAgalA thayAnuM jaNAve che, ke je hakIkata huM pUrve lakhI gayo chuM. bAkI e vAta saMbhavita che ke, ma. ni. para7 (I. sa. 60) varSe kaDaphisijha pahelAe sidhu athavA jelama sudhIno InDo-pArthiyana pradeza jItI letAM IrAnanI pArthiyana sattAnI sarvoparItAne saMbaMdha siMdha, paMjAba vigerenA tAbAnA rAjakartA kSatrapothI chuTI gayA hoya ane teo-pArthiyana ke zaka kSatrapa-svatanna thaI gayA hAtha. mI. mIthanuM kahevuM te ema che ke -"Azare I. sa. 20 mAM ejhIjha bIjAnI pachI geDorisa gAdIe AvyA. pArthiyana sattAthI svatantra rahI te vizALa mulakano dhaNI thayo. teNe siMdha ane ekajhiyA jItyAM jaNAya che. Azare I. sa. 48 mAM te marI gayo tyAre tenA rAjyanA bhAga paDI gayA. pazcima paMjAba tenA bhAI abbAgAjhIjhane bhAge gayuM; ane erejhejhiyA ane siMdha ethenIjhanA amala nIce gayAM x x x pahelA saikAnA madhyanA arasAmAM paMjAbane kuzAna rAjA kula-kAra-kaDaphisIjhe khAlasA karyo. erejhiyA tathA siMdhanI paMjAba jevI ja vale thaI." (hiM. prA. ItihAsa. gu. vi. sa. mukita) mI. smIthanA A kathanamAMthI paNa evo ja abhiprAya nIkaLe che ke, gonDophAranesanuM vibhakta thayeluM rAjya kuzAe jItI lIdhuM hatuM. mI. smItha lakhe che tema, A kArya kaDaphisijha pahelAnuM ja nahi paNa tenuM ane tenA vArasa vema kaDaphisijha bIjAnuM ema baneluM che. kaDaphisijha pahelAe te sidhu ke jelamanA pazcima pradezane ja hato ane e pradeza jItavAthI kendra sattA naSTa thatAM aneka satrapIo svatandra banI gaI haze, ke jene meM pUrve isAre karI dIdhuM che. A A vAtanuM mI. smIthanA nIcenA kathana parathI paNa samarthana thAya che - "I. sa. 70nA arasAmAM lakhatAM "periplasa oNpha dhI irIyana sI'nA lekhake sithiyA nAme vaNavelI siMdhanA nIcalA pradezanI khINa pArthiyana saradAranI sattA nIce hatI, ane teo mAMhemohenA jhaghaDAomAM niraMtara rokAyelA rahetA." uparanA utArA parathI sAbIta thAya che ke, . sa. 70 pahelAM takSazilA taraphanI pArthiyana madhyastha sattA nAza pAmI cukI hatI. saMbhava che ke, e pArthiyana madhyastha sattA nAza pAmatAM pArthiyana satra ja nahi, paraMtu hiMdI zakasthAnanA jUnA hakadAre paNa e mahemAhenA jhaghaDAmAM bhAga laI svatatva banavAne mathatA thayA haze. - e jUnA hakadAre zakaleke hatA. temaNe ma. ni. nI cothI sadInA vacagALAnAM varSomAM eTale . sa. pU. 120nI AjubAjunAM varSomAM sidhunA deAbamAM potAnI vasAhata sthApI hatI ke je inDoskRthiyA ( hindI-sakasthAna) tarIke oLakhAtI hatI. e vasAhata sthApatAM temane bekTriyana nAnA nAnA paradAno na ja sAmano karavo paDayo haze. kAraNa ke, kAbulamAM rahI rAjya karatA minenDaranA anugAmI sTeTa prathamanA pautra chUTo bIjAno madhyastha sattAvAhI dAba zithila thaI jatAM svataMtra jevA banelA ane vikharAyelA e saradAre (satra) svayaM nirbaLa haze ane dUra paDelI madhyastha sattA temanA tarapha bedarakAra rahI haze.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya A sthapAyalI zaka vasAhata takSazilAnI pArthiyana piTA sattAnA tAbAmAM cAlI gaI hatI ema be periplasa eka dhI irIyana sI nA lekhakanA kathanathI samajAya che, paNuM pArthiyana mahArAjAdhirAja asathI laI nokaranesa sudhInA pAMca rAjAomAM kANe tene jItI lIdhI haze e nizcayathI kahevuM muzkela che. mI. smIthane jaNAya che ke, ga phAranese siMdha jItI lIdhuM hatuM. A upara je ApaNe dhyAna ApIe te ema kahI zakAya ke, gopharanese siMdhunA doAbamAM pitAnA satro nImyA haze, ke jeo aMdaroaMdara ane kadAca nabaLAInA avasarane lAbha levA mAgatA jUnA zaka hakadAronI sAthe jhaghaDI rahyA haze. tyAre sindhanA doAbanA pArthiyana nAnA nAnA satra jhadhaDI rahyA hatA, tyAre cachana nAmane eka zaka kSatrapa kacchamAM potAnA bhAvI udayanuM ghaDatara karI rahyo hate. ene pitA sAmatika ke vhAmotika athavA hAlanI chellAmAM chellI zodhakhoLa pramANe jhAmetika nAmo kSatrapa hate. kAmatika ane cachana e banne pitA-putra kayI sattAnA kSatrapa hatA e prazna koI paNa jAtanA ullekhanA abhAve ane nizcita heI bahu ja vivAdAspada banyo che. meM e pitA-putrane zaka jAtinA ane kacchamAM prAthamika prayatna karatA upara jaNAvyA che, parantu e viSene paNa adhurAM anumAna sivAya koI khAsa purAvo nathI. ema kahevAya che. mahAvIra nirvANanI cothI sadInA cha-sAtamA dazakAmAM, eTale isavI sananI pUrve pahelI sadInI zarUAtanI lagabhagamAM, vidyamAna kSatrapa ane mahAkSatrapa rAjA nahapANanI jAti kSaharATa hatI ane tenI sattA dakSiNa rAjapUtAnAthI laI nAzika-punA jIllA sudhI hatI, ema tenA sikkAo tathA tenA ayama pradhAna ane zaka jAmAtA usavadata senAdhipatinA lekhethI jANavA maLe che; paNa e nahapANa pachI 150 karatAM ya vadhAre varSa bAda thayelA caSTananI jAtino ullekha tenA ke tenA vaMzajonA sikkAAmAM ke lekhamAM thayeluM jovAmAM Avato nathI. Ama chatAM avantinA adhipationA anusaMdhAnamAM ma. ni. 605 varSe tA 3panno so rAjA" evA prakAranA jaina ullekhathI siddha thAya che ke, A samaye ujayinIne jItI lenArA zakajAtinA hatA. e jIta meLavanAra rUdradAmAM hatuM ema tenA saMvata 7ra mAM kotarAvelA jAnAgaDhanA zilAlekhathI jANavA maLe che. A rUdradAmA caTanane pautra hatA, ane tethI capTana ane tenA pitA sAmatika e zaka jAtinA hatA ema saheja sAbIta thaI jAya che. vaLI karacha ane kAThiyAvADamAMthI maLelA kSatrapAnA para thI laI 143 sudhInA aMkavALA lekhomAM ane 100 thI laI 304 sudhInA aMkavALA temanA sikkAomAM e aMkanI sAthe "zaka" zabda joDavo nathI, te paNa e kSatraponA rAjyata pachI thoDAMka varSo vItyA bAda varAhamihire paMcasiddhAntikAmAM zakakAla 427 naM. che; AthI samajAya che ke, kSatranA lekho ane sikkAomAM lakhAyelA aMko sAthe "zaka' zabda nathI te paNa e zakakAlanA ja aMko che, ane e lekhamAM tathA sikakAomAM noMdhAyelA kSatrapa-mahAkSatrapa rAjAe-rUdradAmA vigere-zakajAtinA che. keTalAka anumAna kare che ke, capTana kuzAna rAjA kaniSkano sago ane tenI jAtane ha; kemake mathurA pAsenA mATagAmanA devakulamAMthI maLI AvelAM putaLAMomAM kaniSkanI sAthe capTananuM paNa putaLuM che. huM to kahuM chuM ke, kaniSka ane aSTananAM putaLAM eka jagAe maLI AvavA mAtrathI ja temane yatheccha saMbaMdha kApI levo e vyartha ja che. game te rIte capTana kaniSkane mAnanIya hoya, jaDaputaLAnI game te rIte heraphera thaI hoya, evAM evAM aneka kAraNothI kaI kalpanAne, anya prAmANika sAdhanathI samarthana na maLe tyAM sudhI, prANika mAnI zakAya nahi. vaLI kadAca, zaka usavadata nahapANano sago hati tema,

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304 avatinuM Adhipatya caSTanavema kaDisijha ane kaniSkane sagA hoya ane tethI caSTananuM putaLuM kaniSkanI sAthe geADhavAvA pAmyuM hAya, paNa tethI te kaniSkanI jAtanA eTale yucI jitanA athavA kuzAnavaMzanA hatA ema kema kahI zakAya ? munirAja zrI danavijayajI A sAmeAtika, caSTana vigere kSatrapAne parada-zaka tarIke jaNAvI rahyA hoya ema lAge che. ane emanuM kathana, jo ene huM kharAbara samajyeA hAu to, savita paNa che, sivAya ke meAsa vigere paNa pArada-zaka hatA. yucInA dabANuthI zaka lokA anukrame saradariyA tathA bekTriyAne choDatA pArada pradezamAM kAMika sthira thayA hatA tethI tee pArada-zakathI eLakhAtA haze. parantu A pArada-zaMkAne mahAna mithroDeTasa khIjAnA rAjyanI zarUAtamAM A pradezamAMthI khasavuM paDayuM hatuM ane teo tyAMthI uDhAMgiri karI sindhunA doAbamAM vasAhata sthApI rahyA hatA. tee A vakhate svatantra hAi pAtAnA mukhiyAne temaNe rAjA sthApyo haze. emanI rAjadhAnI sindhu nadI paranA mInanagaramAM hatI. temanA adhikAra nIce kaccha paNa haze, ke jyAM e rAjAe potAnA satrapa nImyA haze. e satrapanI paraparAmAM sAmeAtika hAi te have pArada--zaka nahi paNa hiMdamAMnA jUnA vasavATane lai hindI-zaka tarIke oLakhAtA, pAte to zaka tarIke paNa oLakhAvavAne taiyAra nahi hoya. pArthiyanoe sindhu-doAbanA hindI zaMkAne jItI laI tyAM potAnI sattA sthApI tyAre kacchanA pradeza pArthiyanene tAme gayA hatA ke krema e jANavAnuM sAdhana nathI, chatAM sa Mbhava che ke, te svatantra nahi rahyo haze; paraMtu jyAre takSazilAnI madhyastha pArthiyana sattAnA kaDaphisijha pahelAnA hAthe nAza thayA tyAre ysAmeAtika athavA ysAmAtikanA putra caSTana svataMtra thaI kacchamAM rAjya sthApavA ane pAchaLathI caSTana saurASTrane jItI levA lalacAyA haze. emanI e mahattvAkAMkSAne pUrNa karavA atyAre yAgya samaya paNa hato. kemake, sindhamAM pAAiyana sattA avyavasthita banI gai hatI, ane sAraThamAM Andhra sattA paNu, zAlivAhananA mRtyuthI tenA majabUta hAtha UThI jatAM ane tenI pachI 28 varSoMmAM cAra pAMca rAjapalaTA thatAM tathA tyAra bAda jenI bhAre zeha paDatI hatI e AntrabhRtya zAkanI vRddhAvasthA ane vyAdhigrastatA thai jatAM, zithila rAjataMtravALI thai gai hatI ke jene ahiM sthapAyAne lagabhaga 62 thI vadhAre varSa vItI cukayAM hatAM. AndhrAthI pahelAM ahi sIstAnathI AvelA zAhI-zakA rAjya karatA hatA. saurASTra e pazcimabhAratanA pazcima sImADe Avelo pradeza che. bahu jUnA kAlamAM zUrasenanA yAdavAe ahiM AvI dvArikAmAM rahI rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. temanuM rAjya dvirAjanya--me rAjAe maLIne rAjyavahIvaTa karatA hoya tevI paddhatinuM hatuM. A samayathI lai nanda pahelAnA samaya sudhInI saurASTranI zAsanapaddhati viSe, saurASTra pavitra bhUmi hatI te sivAya tenI anya bAbatamAM paNu, dhaNuM ja ochuM jANavA maLe che. e vAta saMbhavita che ke, nanda pahelAnA samaye tyAM saMdharAjya --gaNarAjya hatuM. nanda pahelAe e saMdharAjyane jItI lai seAranA pradeza magadhasAmrAjyamAM joDI dIdhA hatA. 2 thI 9 sudhInA nando ane candraguptathI saMprati sudhInA maurcInA samayamAM sArASTra magadhasAmrAjyane ja eka bhAga hAi, tyAM sAmrAjya taraphathI nImAyalA sUbAe mAraphate zAsana thatuM hatuM. bindusAranA rAjatvakAlanAM ane azAkanA rAjavakAlanAM chellAM varSomAM saurASTranI bhUmie magadha sAmrAjyathI svatantratA dhAraNa karI hoya athavA svatantra thavA prayatna karyAM hoya ema lAge che; :kAraNa ke, himavaMta therAvalIkAra "azAke saurASTrane svAdhIna karyAM" ane cUrNikArA "sapratie saurASTrane svAdhIna karyAM." ema lakhI rahyA che. saMpratinA mRtyu bAda magadhasAmrAjya vibhakta ane niLa thai jatAM ma, ni. 304 (9. sa. pU. 163)

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya varSe pATalIputramAM zuMgarAjyane udaya thaze. A pachI ATha varSa vItyA bAda kAbulanA rAjA sinejare caDhAI karI paMjAba, siMdha, siMdhunA deAbane jItavA pUrvaka rAjaputAnA ane saurASTrane paNa jItI laI tyAM potAnI sattA sthApIyona ane kSaharATa kSatraponI mAraphate zAsana karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. minenDaranA mRtyu pachI paNa e kSatrapamAMno kSaharATa bhUmaka tenA anugAmIonA tAbe madhyamikAmAM rahI saurASTranuM zAsana karatuM hatuM, paNa jayAre pArthiyanee kAbulanA rAjA sTeTa bIjA pAsethI takSazilA laI lIdhI tyAre enA vArasa kSaharATa nahapANe potAno saMbaMdha madhyastha sattA sAthe chuTI jatAM ravataMtratA ravIkArI lIdhI ane saurASTra kSaharATonA svataMtra amala nIce AvyuM. A nahapANa rAjA mRtyu pAme tyAre tenA rAjayane vArasa tene jamAI zaka usavadAtA AvatAM saurASTranI bhUmi zonA hAthamAM gaI. Ama dekhItI rIte saurASTra usavadAtanA zAsana nIce gayo, paNa saurASTramAMnA kSaharATa vigere jAtinA kSatra ane sattAhIna thayelA jUnA vakhatathI cAlyA AvatA maurya jAgIradAro nahapANanA aMkuzane gaNakAratA hatA tevI rIte badalAyelI paristhitimAM usavadAsanA aMkuzane bhAgye ja gaNakAratA haze. gardabhala rAjAnI balavattara sattAnI phAcaDa lATa ane AnartanA pradezamAM naDatAM zaktizALI chatAM ya senAdhipati usavadAta rAjA pitAnI rAjadhAnI juramAM rahI, jevI rIte pazcimaghATanA pUrva ane pazcima pradezamAM aMkuza rAkhI zake tevI rIte saurASTramAM na ja rAkhI zake e svAbhAvika che. arthAta; saurASTranA kSetra Azare pacAseka varSathI hiMdI-zakastAnamAM vasavATa karI rahelA ane hiMdI saMskRtithI saMskArita thayelA zakomAMnA usavadatathI sarvathA svataMtra ke lagabhaga svataMtra jevA rahIne potapotAnA jillAomAM vibhakta rIte saurASTranuM zAsana karatA haze. AvI sthitimAM thoDAMka varSo vItyA bAda, eTale ma. ni. 407 nI grISmaRtunA chellA divasomAM (I. sa. pU. 60mAM), sIstAnanA 96 zAkhI (zAhI) rAjAo zrI kAlakAcAryanI doravaNI nIce pitAnA samuho sAthe samudranA mArge prayANa karatA saurASTranA kInAre utaryA ane emaNe saurASTranA vibhakta nAnA nAnA zAsake pAsethI sahajamAM ja AkhA saurASTrane jItI laI tyAM 96 vibhAgamAM, zrI kAlakAcArya sIstAnamAM je zAhInA tyAM rahyA hatA tene pitAne vaDe nImavA pUrvaka, zAsana karavA mAMDayuM. A zAhI zakAnI sattA rASTramAM Azare 76 varSa rahyA bAda pratiSThAnapuranA AMdhrarAjA zAlivAhane sairASTrane jItI laI potAnA tAbe karyo. huM pUrve jaNAvI gayo che tema. e atIva samartha evI paNa AMdhrusattA zithila banI jatAM, taka sAdhaka kSatrapa caSTane ma. ni. 548 (i. sa. 81) pachInAM varasomAM kayAreka saurASTrane jItI laI teNe te pradezamAMthI rAjya karavA mAMDayuM hatuM. tenI rAjadhAnI hAlanA jUnAgaDha zaheranI jagAe AvelA giranagaramAM rakhAI hatI. eno rAjyavistAra kayAM sudhI laMbAyo hato, e vivAdagrasta viSaya hoI te saMbaMdhamAM nizcayathI kahI zakAya tema nathI. jo ke teno patra mahAkSatrapa rudradAmAM jUnAgaDhanA zilAlekhamAM Anarta, zvabhra, vigerene potAnA vIryathI meLavelA lakhe che, nahi ke pAchA meLavelA; te paNa saMbhava che ke caSTanane rAjyavistAra lATa ane dakSiNa rajapUtAnA sudhI-bhagukaccha ane madhyamikA sudhI-laMbAyo hoya ane te pAchaLathI kadAca, potAnI rAjadhAnI girinagarathI madhyamikAmAM laI gayo hoya. mathurAnI pAsenA mATanI devakulikAmAMthI maLI AvelA caSTananA putaLA uparathI AvI saMbhAvanA thaI zake che, Ama chatAM e caSTananA putaLAnuM nirmANa game te saMbaMdhathI dAmAnA rAjatvakAlamAM thayuM hoya te te eka judI vAta che. Ama caSTananA rAjyAdhikArane huM madhyamikA sudhI paNa laMbAvavAmAM anizcita chuM, jayAre keTalAka saMzodhake A mahAkSatrapane ujajayinImAM tenA vaMzanI sthApanA karate lakhI rahyA che. mi. vinsenTa smItha lakhe che ke -"zaka rAjA caTTAne mALavAmAM ujajayinImAM Izu pachInA pahelA saikAnA aMta bhAgamAM bIjA kSatrapavaMzanI sthApanA karI hatI". bhArata prAcIna rAjavaMzanA

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306 avaMtinuM Adhipatya lekhaka mahAzaya paNa lakhe che ke --eSTanA adhikAra mAlavA, gujarAta, kAThiyAvADa Ara rAjapUtAne ke muca himsa para thA. isIne ujajainake apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA; je anta taka usake vaMzajokI rAjadhAno rahI." paranuM mahAkSatrapa ddhadAmAne giranAranI taleTImAM paDelI azokanA zilAlekhavALI mazahUra zilA para lekha je rIte vaMcAyo che te vAMcana ane tene artha je rIte karAya che te barAbara hoya te kahevuM joIe ke, avantidezano jItanAra stradAmA che, nahi ke teno dAdo capTana, ane jo emaja che te pachI ene mALavAne jItI laI ujajayinImAM pitAnA vaMzanI sthApanA karI hatI e vAta ja asaM. gata thaI paDe che. vaLI A ddhadAmAnA zilAlekha parathI, tigAlI paInvaya, mahAvIracaritra, trilekasAra vigere graMthamAM ma. ni. 605 varSa ane 5 mAse je zakarAjAnI utpatti lakhavAmAM AvI che te, avantine chatI tyAM Adhipatya sthApanArA ddhadAmAnA aMge ja che ema siddha thAya che. bhUlavuM na joIe ke, jainakAlagaNanAnA lekhakone avanti para Adhipatya konuM hatuM ane te keTalA varSa hatuM enuM ja sUtrAtmaka sUcana karavAnuM che, temaNe avantine lakSyamAM rAkhIne ja ullekha karyA che. zaka saMvatanI utpatti sAmetikanA rAjatvakAlanI zarUAtathI ke caSTananA rAjavalanI zarUAtathI thaI hoya e vivAdAspada ane tethI anizcita hoya; paraMtu e vAta nizcita che ke, ma. ni. 545 (I. sa. 78) nI maryAdAthI e saMvata pravartamAna thayo che ane e saMvatano 72 aMka rudradAmAnA zilAlekhamAM lakhAya che. A lekha lakhAyo tethI 1ra varSa pahelAM eTale ma. ni. 605 (I. sa. 138) varSe avanti 5ra aMdAmAnuM Adhipatya sthapAI cukyuM hatuM. arthAta; ma. ni. 617 (i. sa. 150) mAM e zilAlekha kotarAvyuM hatuM tethI pahelAM ddhadAmAne avantivijaya ane tenA hAthe dakSiNApathanA rAja sAtakaNanI be vAra hAra thaI cukI hatI. rudradAmAno rAjatvakAla Azare ma. ni. 57 thI 617 (I. sa. 130 thI 150) sudhI 20 varSane gaNavAmAM Ave che. tenA zilAlekhamAM saMkhyAbaMdha dezonA pite ja karelA vijayanI ane tenI vyavasthAnI kAmagIrInuM je pradarzana karavAmAM AvyuM che te parathI ane zilAlekhamAMnI sAla 72 (i. sa. 150)thI pUrve 12 varSe teNe avantinA vijaya sudhI karelI pragati parathI tene 20 varSane rAjatvakAla hoya e asaMbhavita nathI adAmA pitAnA lekhamAM je aMka naMdhe che te pramANe tenA rAjyAraMbhane aMka 5ra (ma. ni. 57- I. sa. 130) Ave, ane te pachI 8 varSe karelA avanti vijayane e aMka 60 (a. ni. 605- I. sa. 138) Ave. kSatrapothI neMdhAtA A aMko 304 sudhI spaSTa ane te pachI 31 4 (amuka eka aMka) sudhI apaSTa pahoMcyA che ane te ma. ni. 545 (I. sa. 78) varSe zarU thayelA manAtA saMvatanA che. samaya vItatAM "zanakAla, "zakatRpakAla" ke "zAlivAhanazAke thI oLakhAvAyelo e saMvata, vema (kaDakisijha bIjA)nA rAjyAraMbhathI mAno ke sAmatikanA athavA caSTananA rAjyArebhathI mAna e vivAdAspada che. meM e saMvatane caTananA (athavA te kadAca tenA pitA sAmatikanA). rAjyAraMbhathI zarU thayela mAnyo che; ane A pachI barAbara 60 varSe tenA pautra dAmAe avantine vijaya karI. girinagara ke madhyamikAmAMthI potAnI rAjadhAnI te dezanI suprasiddha nagarI ujajayanImAM pheravI hatI. A uparathI samajAze ke, zaka saMvatsaranI zarUAtano maryAdAmAla ane avantimAM-ujajayinImAM zakarAjAnI-dAmA nAmanA zakarAjAnI utpattine kAla-AdhipatyakAla e benI vacce 60 varSanuM aMtara che. AcArya zrI mejIMga sari ma. ni. 605 varSe zakarAjAnI utpatti nahi, paNa zakyuMvatsaranI utpatti kahe che. temanuM e kathana "ma. ni. 470 varSe vikramarAjyAraMbha ane te pachI 135 varSe kAraMbha eTale zakasaMvatsarAraMbha' evI cAlu jaina kAlagaNanAnA saMpradAyanI mAnyatAne anusaratAM barAbara che. e

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya aMka mAtra lakhavAthI karavAmAM AvI che. keTalAka lekhaka mahAzayo caSTanane rAjatvakAla 8thI 110 sudhI lakhe che te 80 nI sAla uparokata 78 nI lagabhaga che. have ApaNe samajI zakIzuM ke, TelemI i. sa. 128 thI I. sa. 156 sudhI vidyamAna pilemAvInA samakAlIna, je TIasTanesane kahI rahyo che te TIasTanesa cakTana nahi, paNa ceSTanavaMzI-tenA samayamAM ujajayinImAM rAjayakara- cakTane pAtra-saddhadAmA hato. TolemIe pitAnI bhUgoLa ddhadAmAnuM avanti para rAjya sthapAyA bAda ja lakhelI hovI joIe, nahi ke I. sa. 138 thI pahelAM I. sa. 130 nI lagabhagamAM. TolemInI bhUgoLane capTananA samaya sudhI laI javAmAM, mane nathI lAgatuM ke kaI prAmANika purAvo hoya. astu. capTanane pitA sAmatika kSatrapa hato. te mahAkSatrapa banyuM nathI, paNa caTTana pahelAM kSatrapa hAI pachI mahAkSatrapa thayo che. caSTananA vaMzamAM kSatrapa ane mahAkSatrapane je ilkAba lakhavAmAM Ave che te kenA tAbedAra sUbA ane sarasabA jevo nahi, paNa yuvarAja ane svataMtra rAjA jevo che. Ama chatAM cakTane ke tenA vaMzaja dAmA jevAe paNa hiMdI svataMtra rAjAne mATe lakhI zakAya te mahArAjAdhirAjano IkAba lakhyo hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. kSaharATa ane zakAmAM kSatrapa, mahAkSatrapa ane sAhI tarIke ja pitAnI oLakhANa ApavAnI khAsIyata hoya ema temanA lekho ane sikkAothI samajAya che, pachI bhalene, teo koInI sUbedArI karatA hoya ke sarvathA vataMtra hoya. bhUmaka, nahapANa, jionisiasa rAjulula, vigere; pArthiyano yA grI ke kuzAnonI jema potAne mahArAjA, rAjarAjA, rAjAdhirAja, vigere na lakhatAM rAjA kSatra5, rAjA mahAkSatrapa svAmI evI rIte ja potAne lakhI rahyA che. caSTanavaMzI kSatrapomAM evI paNa khAsIyata jaNAya che ke, pitAnI pAchaLa vaDIlaputra vArasa thAya paNa tene nAnA bhAIo na hoya te. je nAnA bhAIo heya to vaDIlaputrathI pahelAM teo ja gAdI para AvatA hatA. mahAkSatrapa capTana rAjA pachI tenI gAdI para jayadAmAM Avyo hate. ceSTanano putra ane raddhadAmAne pitA A rAjA lekha ane sikkAmAM kSatrapa lakhAya che te parathI ane svadAmAM jUnAgaDhanA zilAlekhamAM pitAnA hAthe ja mahAkSatrapa pada meLavavAnI vAta lakhe che te parathI saMzodhake evuM anumAna bAMdhe che ke, jayadAmAM e capTana ke stradAmA je parAkramI nahi, paNa nirbaLa rAjA hoI te tenA pitAe jItelA ane tene vArasAmAM maLelA pradezo para svataMtra rahI zakyo nathI, tene AzvenI AdhInatA svIkAravI paDI haze. kahe che ke, A ja kAraNathI tenA putra ddhadAmAne AzvarAjAne be vAra harAvavAnI pharaja paDI hatI. A uparathI saurASTra vigere pradezonI, zake ane Andro vacce le denI paraMparA cAlI hatI evo artha thAya che. zaka pAsethI zAlivAhane e pradezo jItI laI tAbe karyA hatA te cakTane zAlivAhananA ane zUdranA mRtyu bAda AndharAjA zivazrIsAtakaNi pAsethI jItI laI pitAne tAbe karyA. A pachI te pradezane capTananA putra jayadAmA pAsethI A~rAja zivazvAti pachI AvelA gAtamIputra yajJazrI sAtakarthIe jItI laI tAbe karyA hatA te radradAmAe gautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakaNuM pachI AvelA vAziSThIputra pumAvI pAsethI paDAvI lIdhA. audAmAe sA. ka. vA. pu. catrapaNane be vAra khullA yuddhamAM harAvI A% ane AbratyenA pAsethI tenA pitAmahanA tAbAmAM nahi evA aparAMta, niSAda, anupadeza, AkarAvanti, vigerene jItI laI temane evA te nirbaLa banAvI dIdhA ke teo pharIthI pAchA UbhA ja thaI zake nahi. gardabhile pachI ma. ni. 545 (I. sa. 78) varSe avantine tAbo meLavI tyAM AdhrAe 60 varSa rAjya karyuM. A pachI dAmAe ma. ni. 65 (I. sa. 178 ) varSe avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM te tenA vaMzajonA hAthamAM aDhIse karatAM ya vadhAre varSa rahI, aMte ma. ni. 857 thI 862 (I. sa. 390 thI 395 )nA arasAmAM guptavaMzIya caMdragupta bIjAnA hAthamAM gayuM. A samaya daramiyAna saurASTra, hAlane kAThiyAvADa zake ane temanA mAMDalika AbhIronA hAthamAM hate.

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avaMtinuM Adhipatya aMka mAtra lakhavAthI karavAmAM AvI che. keTalAka lekhaka mahAzayo caSTanane rAjatvakAla 80thI 110 sudhI lakhe che te 80 nI sAla uparokata 78 nI lagabhaga che. have ApaNe samajI zakIzuM ke, TolemI I. sa. 128 thI i. sa. 156 sudhI vidyamAna pilAmAvInA samakAlIna, je TIsTanesane kahI rahyo che te TIasTanesa capTana nahi, paNa caTanavaMzI-tenA samayamAM ujajayinImAM rAma-kara caTTaNane pAtra-adAmA hate. TolemIe pitAnI bhUgoLa ddhadAmAnuM avanti para rAjya sthapAyA bAda ja lakhelI hovI joIe, nahi ke I. sa. 138 thI pahelAM I. sa. 130 nI lagabhagamAM. TolemInI bhUgoLane caSTananA samaya sudhI laI javAmAM, mane nathI lAgatuM ke koI prAmANika purA hoya. astu. caSTanane pitA sAmatika kSatrapa hato. te mahAkSatrapa banyo nathI, paNa capTana pahelAM kSatrapa hAI pachI mahAkSatrapa thayo che. cakTananA vaMzamAM kSatrapa ane mahAkSatrapane je IlkAba lakhavAmAM Ave che te keinA tAbedAra sUbA ane sarasabA jevo nahi, paNa yuvarAja ane svataMtra rAjA jevo che. Ama chatAM cakTane ke tenA vaMzaja stradAmAM jevAe paNa hiMdI svataMtra rAjAne mATe lakhI zakAya tevo mahArAjAdhirAjano IlkAba lakhyo hoya ema jaNAtuM nathI. kSaharATa ane zakamAM kSatrapa, mahAkSatrapa ane sAhI tarIke ja pitAnI oLakhANa ApavAnI khAsIyata hoya ema temanA lekho ane sikkAothI samajAya che, pachI bhalene, teo koInI sUbedArI karatA hoya ke sarvathA ravataMtra heya. bhUmaka, nahapANa, jionisiasa rAjulUla, vigere; pArthiyano yA grI ke kuzAnonI jema pitAne mahArAjA, rAjarAjA, rAjAdhirAja, vigere na lakhatAM rAjA kSatrapa, rAjA mahAkSatrapa svAmI evI rIte ja pitAne lakhI rahyA che. caSTanavaMzI kSatrapamAM evI paNa khAsIyata jaNAya che ke, pitAnI pAchaLa vaDIlaputra vArasa thAya paNa tene nAnA bhAIo na hoya te. je nAnA bhAIo hoya te vaDIlaputrathI pahelAM teo ja gAdI para AvatA hatA. mahAkSatrapa capTana rAjA pachI tenI gAdI para jayadAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ceSTanano putra ane raddhadAmAne pitA A rAjA lekha ane sikkAmAM kSatrapa lakhAya che te parathI ane dAmAM jUnAgaDhanA zilAlekhamAM pitAnA hAthe ja mahAkSatrapa pada meLavavAnI vAta lakhe che te parathI saMzodhake evuM anumAna bAMdhe che ke, jayadAmA e capTana ke rudradAmA jevo parAkramI nahi, paNa nirbaLa rAjA hoI te tenA pitAe jItelA ane tene vArasAmAM maLelA pradezo para svataMtra rahI zakyo nathI, tene AndhonI AdhInatA svIkAravI paDI haze. kahe che ke, A ja kAraNathI tenA putra svadAmAne AzvarAjAne be vAra harAvavAnI pharaja paDI hatI. A uparathI rASTra vigere pradezanI, zake ane Andro vacce le denI paraMparA cAlI hatI evo artha thAya che. zaka pAsethI zAlivAhane e pradeza jItI laI tAbe karyA hatA te cakTane zAlivAhananA ' ane zudrakanA mRtyu bAda AndharAjA zivazrIsAtaNi pAsethI jItI laI pitAne tAbe karyo. A pachI te pradezane capTananA putra jayadAmA pAsethI AdmarAjA zivasvAti pachI AvelA gautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakarNae jItI laI tAbe karyA hatA te dAmAe gautamIputra yajJazrI sAtakaNuM pachI AvelA vAziSThIputra pumAvI pAsethI paDAvI lIdhA. audAmAe sA. ka. vA. 5. catrapaNane be vAra khullA yuddhamAM harAvI A% ane AzvabharanA pAsethI tenA pitAmahanA tAbAmAM nahi evA aparAMta, niSAda, anupadeza, AkarAvanti, vigerene jItI laI temane evA te nirbaLa banAvI dIdhA ke teo pharIthI pAchA UbhA ja thaI zake nahi. gardabhile pachI ma. ni. 545 (I. sa. 78) varSe avantine tAbo meLavI tyAM AndhAe 60 varSa rAjya karyuM. A pachI adAmAe ma. ni. 605 (I. sa. 178 ) varSe avantinuM Adhipatya meLavyuM te tenA vaMzajonA hAthamAM aDhIse karatAM ya vadhAre varSa rahI, aMte ma. ni. 857 thI 862 (I. sa. 390 thI 395)nA arasAmAM guptavaMzIya caMdragupta bIjAnA hAthamAM gayuM. A samaya daramiyAna saurASTra, hAlane kAThiyAvADa zake ane temanA mAMDalika AbhIronA hAthamAM hatuM.

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