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Sadlef Saldle SHCIE AUGUST 2014. PRABUDHH JEEVAN O KARMAVAD SPECIAL PAGE 137
1E
SHE SHIE 4
KARMAVADA:
THE JAIN DOCTRINE OF KARMA
Dr. Kokila Hemchand Shah
age.
કર્મવાદ 5 કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ પૂર્વ કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ " કર્મવાદ 5 કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ " કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ 5 કર્મવાદ - કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ F
As man sows, so does he reap.'
The doctrine of Karma has been widely accepted In Jainism the doctrine is discussed in details - in Indian thought. It occupies a significant position with Its reference to nine fundamentals-Navtattvas.lt in Jainism. It provides a rational explanation to the explains, bondage of the soul through inflow of yo appearently inexplicable phenomena of birth & karmas, stoppage of karmas, shedding of karmas and
death, happiness & misery, inequalities in existence liberation of soul. on the basis of nature, karmas are * of different species of living beings. The doctrine of of 8 types. Karma is the key that unlocks all the riddles of ap
(1) Jnanavarniya - Knowledge obscuring karma parently unintelligible world.
(2) Darsanavarniya - Intuition obscuring karma Karma literally means deed or action, Philosophi
(3) Vedaniya -- Feeling producing karma cally, it signifies the action & the result of action - the two being inseparable. Karma as a doctrine
(4) Deluding karma -- Mohaniya Karma means the law of cause & effect, the law of retribu
(5) Ayu Karma - Age determining Karma tion. Our actions are the causes that produce proper (6) Nam Karma - Physique-making Karma effects at proper time. This is the eternal & universal
(7) Gotra Karma - Heredity determining Karma law. None can escape the effects of their own past
(8) Antaraya Karma -- Power hindering Karma Karmas. Further, this effect does not continue itself only to the present life, but continues beyond it, it
Our activites & passions - kasayas lead to the si destines the state after death. Hence doctrine of
influx of Karma. Once the Karmic particles are atKarma is related to Rebirth. Jaina Scriptures like
tracted by the soul, they remain with the soul & give Sthananga Sutra, Uttaradhyayana Sutra, Bhagvati
their fruits. This is known as the bondage of Karmas. Sutra, etc. contain general outline of the doctrine &
Jainism has worked out in detail mechanism of the details have been, worked out in Karmagranthas.
Karmas - the causes of bondages & how through Lord Mahavira has said just as a sprout has a seed for
spiritual pratices - sadhana, one can attain liberaits cause, there is a cause for happiness & misery.
tion. Karms do not generate new karmas when their
fruits are experienced with equanimity (samata). Jain doctrine is unique. In Jainism, Karma is a kind of matter-the subtle matter gets transformed
The most effective step for subduing the forces of into different kinds of actions producing effects & it
Karmas is conquest of passions. If one is liberated defies the soul.
from kasayas one is truly liberated. Jain mythology
is full of stories demonstrating the power of Karmas. Karmic matter flows into the soul & binds it through
Indeed, soul is subject to karmas in worldly life activities of body, mind & speech. Thus the doctrine
(meJJes peerJee keAcceLeJee). A living being is free presupposes the following principles (1) the exist
in accumulating the karmas, but Karmas once accuence of soul (2) soul is eternal (3) soul is the doer of
mulated it is beyond his power to control their fruiaction (4) soul is the enjoyer of the fruits of actions
tion. However, in Jain scriptures certain principles (5) There is liberation of the soul from karmic mat
are described through which effects of Karmas can ter, that is called Moksa (6) There are means for
be reduced or transferred. The intensity of certain liberation.
Karmas can be increased or decreased. etc. It is pos* The soul is pure intrinsically. Soul's pure nature sible for an individual to evade the effects of certain
is observed by karmas & soul is in the state of bond- Karmas by extraordinary exertions, penance, mediકર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ પૂર્વ કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ ક્વ કર્મવાદ 5 કર્મવાદ | કર્મવાદ કર્મવાદ 4 કર્મવાદ 5 કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ ૬ કર્મવાદ
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