Chatushatak Part 02

Author(s): Vidhushekhar Bhattacharya
Publisher: Visva Bharti Book Shop
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004332/1

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THE CATUHSATAKA OF ARYADEVA Vidhushekhara Bhattacharya

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THE CATUHSATAKA OF ARYADEVA

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" slob-dpon-'phgs-p-lh / ACARYA ARYADEVA, THE AUTHOR OF THE CATUHSATAKA

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Visva-Bharati Series No. 2 THE CATUHsATAKA OF ARYADEVA SANSKRIT AND TIBETAN TEXTS WITH COPIOUS EXTRACTS FROM THE COMMENTARY OF CANDRAKIRTTI Reconstructed and Edited Vu VIDHUSHEKHARA BHATTACHARYA PART II @ELIGIE VISVA-BHARATI BOOK-SHOP 210, CORNWALLIS STREET, CALCUTTA

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VISVA - BHARATI BOOK-SHOP 210, Cornwallis Street, Calcutta April, 1931 PRICE Rs. 8/ Printed at the Cotton Press, 37/1 Beniatola Lane, Calcutta Published by Kishorimohan Santra Visva-Bharati Book-Shop 210, Cornwallis Street, Calcutta

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RABINDRANATH TAGORE // dpl-ldn-nyi-m'i-dbng-po-mgon / nnaa-kur-snyn-ngg-mkhn-chen-l / bhtttth-slob-dpon- gtsug-zl-ps / dd-kus-zb-mor-'di-'bul-lo / /

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TIIIIIIDDDD slob-dpon-zl-b-grgs-p / - ACARYA CANDRAKIRTTI, THE COMMENTATOR

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lo-tsaa-b-nyi-m-grgs-p / SORYAKIRTTI, THE TIBETAN TRANSLATOR OF TIBET

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ThREFACE The most important work of Aryadeva (c. 200-225 A.D.) is the Catuh sa t a ka comprising, as the name itself shows, four hundred karikas or verses in sixteen chapters (prakaranas) cach of them containing twentyfive. It has two commentaries, one by Candrakirtti and the other by Dharmapala. But neither the original nor the commentaries in their entirety are now available in the Sanskrit text. The complete work with Candrakirtti's commentary is, however, found in the Tibetan version (Tanjur, Mdo, Tsh, 1 ; and Y, 2; Cordier, II, pp. 296, 304), both of them being jointly translated by Suksmajnana of India and Suryakirtti (si ma grags) of Tibet. In Chinese we have only the last eight chapters (IX-XVI) of the book. It is called there Sata sastra vai pulya (Kwan pai lun pan ; Nanjio, No. 1189). There is also the commentary by Dharmapala extending like the original only from Chapter IX to XVI (Nanjio, No. 1198). * Whether Dharmapala wrote his commentary also on the first eight chapters is pot known ; but it appears from Candrakirtti's observation which we shall presently see in the preliminary Introduction, that he did not do so. The last eight chapters of the work with Dharmapala's commentary were translated into Chinese by Hiuen-tsang himself (650 A.D.). In 1914 Mahamabopadhyaya Haraprasad Shastri published some fragments of the Catuh sa ta ka mixed with Capdrakirtti's commentary in the Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. III, No. 8, pp. 449-514. In 1923 Dr. P. L. Vaidya in his Etudes sur Ary a deva et son Catuhsa ta ka published the last nine chapters (VIII-XVI) of the work. Here he first gave the karikas in the Tibetan version adding the Sanskrit original where available ; but where it was not available, he reconstructed the karikas in Sanskrit from the Tibetan version. And then he translated all the karikas into French. Then in 1925 Prof. G. Tucci in Rivista degli

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xii CATUHSATAKA Studi Orientali, Vol. X, pp. 521 ff gave an Italian translation of the last eight chapters of the work from its Chinese translation. After having perused Dr. Vaidya's work I felt that it was marred by many inaccuracies. I wrote a long review pointing them out and modifying or reconstructing the karikas again in my own light. I believe that where the original is not available we can get it back to a considerable extent only by such friendly discussion. I apologize to Dr. Vaidya for my quoting and criticizing his restorations. I have derived much help from his work and accepted his restoration in a few cases. The review referred to above took the shape of a separate volume. Now, when copious extracts from Candrakirtti's com mentary were added, or in many cases, specially towards the end, the commentary was given in full being reconstructed from the Tibetan version, where the original Sanskrit was not found, it was finally decided to issue it in its present form. As regards the arrangement of the matters some change will be noticed after the first few pages. It is due to the fact that the original plan underwent some modification when the printing was far advanced. The present volume is, in fact, the second part of the original work. Logically and traditionally the first part should have contained the first eight chapters and the second the last eight chapters. But as Dr. Vaidya in his volume referred to gave the last nine chapters instead of eight, and as one of my objects for writing this book was to discuss his restorations I simply followed him in including the eighth chapter also. The remaining first seven chapters are given in the first part which will be published as soon as possible. In editing the Tibetan portion of the volume I have used the 'Black' or the Narthang edition of the Xylographs of both the original and its commentary, while Dr. Vaidya has utilized for his text the 'Red' or the Peking edition of the Xylograph only of the text, and not also of the commentary. My Xylo

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PREFACE xiii graphs are of the Visvabharati Library. In many cases these are very illegible and in this connection I am very thankful to our Dge rgan, Mr. Bsod nams dros grub (Punyasiddhi), who helped me in reading them. My thanks are due to the Librarian, India Office, for his kindly lending to our Visvabharati the Xylograph of the commentary. Though it is of the same Narthang edition it is far better owing to the better quality of papers used therein. I have specially used it in the last two chapters. I am very grateful to my esteemed friend and colleague, Mr. Nandalal Basu, the Director of our Kala-bhavana, for his kindly reproducing the portraits of Aryadeva, Candrakirtti, and Suryakirtti, as found in the Xylographs, the first and the third being in Tsh and the second in I of Mdo of the Tanjur. I offer my hearty thanks also to my pupil, Mr. Prabhubhai Bhikhubhai Patel, for the help I have derived from him and specially for preparing the indexes. I content myself for the present with a short and preliminary Introduction reserving detailed discussion for the next volume, i.e. the first part containing the first seven chapters. Vidyabhavana, Visvabharati, January, 1931. - : VIDHUSHEKHARA BHATTACHARYA.

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ABBREVIATIONS CS . HPS AK = Abhidharm a ko sa, Tibetan Text (BB), or its French Translation by Louis de la Vallee Poussin. AKV = Abhidharma ko sa v y akhya (BB). BB Bibliotheca Buddhica Series. BI = Bibliotheca Indica Series. BCP Bodhica rya vatara pa n jika (BI). = Catuh sa ta ka of Aryadeva. CSV = Ca tuh sa sa ka yrtti of Candrakirtti. DSn = Dhamma sanga ni (Pali Text Society). = Mahama hopadhyaya Haraprasad Shastri, or the Ca tuh sa ta ka (or Catuh sa tika) edited by him in the Memoirs of the * Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. III, No. 8, pp. 449-514. KP = Ka sy a pa parivarta ed. by Baron A. Von Stael-Holstein, Commercial Press, 1926. = La a ka vatara ed. by Bunyiu Nanjio, Kyto, 1923. = Madhy a ma ka vatara, Tib. version, ed. Louis de la Vallee Poussin (BB). MK = M ula ma d b y a ma ka kari ka (BB). MKa. = Mand uk y a karika. = M a d hy a ma ka vrtti, Prasanna pa da of Candrakirtti (BB). MVt or MVp= M a ha vyut patti (BB or other editions). NS = Nyaya sutra. NK .. = Nya y a kandali on the Pra sa sta pada b basya (Vizianagaram Sanskrit Series). PA = Pram a nanay a tatt vala kara of Srivadideva Suri, Yasovijaya Jaina Granthamala. No. 22, Vira era 2437. mu

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xvi CATUHSATAKA V SS = Subbasita sangra ha ed. C. Bendall. Tib. = Tibetan. = Dr. P. L. Vaid ya. VT = Vibhavini Tik a on the Abhidha mm attbasa ng a ha Pa karana (Pali). of Anuruddha, published by P. D. Fernando and G. Simon Andris de Silva, Colombo, 1898. Vx == The Xylograph of the Visvabharati Library... Vxx = The Xylographs of the Visyabharati Library. x = Xylograph. a, b, c, and d respectively stand for tbe four successive padas of a sloka. An asterisk (*) before a karika implies that it is original and found in HPS or elsewhere and not reconstructed. Similarly the words between two asterisks in a karika are of the original text and not reconstructed.

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CONTENTS .. xiii 69 102 Page Preface Introduction Text ..1-298 Chapter VIII, Preparation of a Disciple Chapter IX, Refutation of Things regarded as Eternal.. 31 Chapter X, Refutation of Atman Chapter XI, Refutation of Time Chapter XII, Refutation of Wrong Views 136 Chapter XIII, Refutation of the Organs of Senses and their Objects .. Chapter XIV, Refutation of the Adherence to the Extremes 199 Chapter XV, Refutation of the Compound Things .. 232 Chapter XVI, Discussion between the Teacher and the Disciple 262 Additions and Corrections 299 Indexes 301-308 . Sanskrit Karikas 301 Tibetan Karikas .. 304 Bhagavad-vakyas 307 Sanskrit Karikas cited in the Commentary 307 Tibetan Karikas cited in the Commentary 307 Verses cited in Notes ... Passages cited in Notes 308 Sutras, Sastras, and Acaryas 308 307

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INTRODUCTION The following account with regard to Aryadeva and his Ca tuh sa ta ka is found in the introductory part of its commentary by Candra kirtti (about 600-650 A.D.), I. 1. The Sanskrit 'portion being lost or not available we read in its Tibetan version : Aryadeva was born in the island of Simhala and was a son of the king of the land. After having become the crown prince he renounced the world, came to the South, and becoming a disciple of Nagarjuna followed his doctrine. Therefore, the truth of his Catu h sa ta ka sastra is not different from that of the Madhy a ma ka sastra (of Nagarjupa). The assertion that there is difference between their doctrines simply shows one's rashness. For, it is a false imagination. The following observation of Cancrakirtti also occurs just a few lines before the sentence referred to above: As Acarya Aryadeva desired to accept the discipleship of Acarya Nagarjuna there is no difference between their views. In giving the brief account of the subjects dealt with in the Catuh sa ta ka Candrakirtti says that in the first four chapters things occurring in ordinary life (hjig rten pasi dnos porlaukikam vastu) are explainea ; for, it is in this way that one can gradually understand the highest truth (don dam=paromartha). He explains it thus : [Chapter 1.] The five skandhas, such as rupa, etc., are originated depending on the cause and the effect (rgyu dan rkyen=hetu-pratyaya). Those which have origination (skye ba= slob dpon hphags pa lha ni sing lahi glin du hkruns sig ste mthar rgyl tshab por nas de nid du rab tu byun z'in de nas lho phyogs kyi brgyud Itar hons te slob dpon klu sgrub kyi ne gnas nid du gyur cindehi lugs kyi rjes su hjig par gyur pa do nid kyi phyir na bstan bcos bz'i brgya pa hdihi dekho na nid gan yin pa de ni dbu mahi batan bcos las bsad pahi de kho na nid las mtshan nid tha dad pa can ma yin nol gan z'ig mtshan nid so sor byas nas sm ra bar byed pa dehi gz'un lugs so sor sm ra ba sin tu bab col yin te deni chos nid la log par rtog pahi phyir ro ! =Acarya Aryadevah Simhaladvipe jatah Simhalarajaputro yuyarajo bhutvante tatraiva pravrajitah tato daksinadikparam parayagatya Acarya-Nagarjunasyantevasi tannayanuvarty eva babbuveti Catuh sa ta ka sastrasy a sya yat tattvam tan Madhyama ka sastr oktat tattvan na vilaksanam yas tu prthagla ksanam kftva kathayati tasya prthaksamayakathanam atisahasam taddharmasya mithyakalpitatvat gan gi phyir na slob dpon hphags pa lha hdi ni slob dpon klu sgrub slob mar gnan bar hdod gyur pa dehi phyir hdibi de nid lugs_las lugs gz'an min =Yasmad ayam Acarya Aryadeva Acarya-Nagarjunasya sisyatvam svikartum akamayata tasmat tan matam asya matan nanyat

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Xx INTRODUCTION utpada, jati) are not eternal (mi rtag pa=anitya). [Chapter II.] Those which are not eternal generate one's pain and therefore are causing misery (sdug bsnal=duhkha). And as such they always cauec affliction and consequently are impure (mi gtsan= asuci). [Chapter 111.] And those which are impure are to be given up and consequently cannot be regarded as "These are 1,' or "These are mine' (bdag=atman, and bdag gi=atmiya), they are neither 'T', ner 'mine' (bdag med paranatman). [Chapter 1V.] Yet owing to illusion (phyin ci log=viparyasa) these worldly things (hjig rten pahi dnos po appear ctherwise, i.e. eternal (nitya), causing happiness (sukha), pure (suci), and I ard 'mino' (atman and atmiya). This wrong view is to be avoided, and it cannot be done without observing practices (carya) of a Bodhisattva, an aspirant to bodhi 'supreme knowledge.' So in Chapter V the Bodhisattvacarya is dealt with. Klesas or impurities interrupt the Bodhisattvacaryas, therefore they are examined in Chapter VI. And as the objects of senses (yul=visaya) are the cause of origination (skye ba=utpatti), staying (gnas pa=sthiti), and growth (hphel ba=vrddhi) of klesas those objects are discussed in Chapter VII. Chapter VIII deals with the purification of the mind of the disciple before he is thought fit to listen to the explanation of the truth of things. The remaining eight Chapters, IX-XVI, discuss that the things around us have not what can be regarded as their own characteristics or nature (ran bz'in med pa nid=ninsvabhavatva). The names of the Chapters: as given below will also show the subjects dealt with in them :' 1. Showing the means for abandoning the adherence to the view that things are eternal.2 II. Showing the means for abandoning the adherence to the notion that things cause happiness.3 1 See Le Museon, 1900, pp. 237-238. 2 rtag par hdzin pa span bahi, thabsbstan pa= nityagrahaprahanopayasandarsanam. But csV as in HPS has nityaviparyasaprahanopayao (rtag par phyin ci log span bahi tha bs), "showing the means for abandoning the illusion of veiwing the things as eternal.' obde bar hdzin pa span bahi thabs bstan pa=sulehagrahaprahanopayao. CSV sukha. viparyssao (bde bar phyin ci logo) 'illusion of happiness.'

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CATUHSATAKA xxi III. Showing the means for abandoning the adherence to the notion that things are pure. IV. Showing the means for abandoning the notion of 'I' (ahankara).2 V. Showing the practices of a Bodhisattva.3 vi. Showing the means for abandoning passions or impurities. VII. Showing the means for abandoning the adherence to the enjoyments desired in the life of a man." Vill. The preparation of a disciple. IX. Slowing the contemplation of the refutation of things regarded as eternal.' X. Showing the contemplation of the refutation of atman, 8 XI. Showing the contemplation of the refutation of time. 9 XII. Showing the contemplation of the refutation of (wrong) views,10 XIII. Showing the contemplation of the refutaticn oi the senses and their objects.11 XIV. Showing the contemplation of the refutation of the adherence to the extremes. 2 XV. Showing the contemplation of the refutation of the compound things.13 XVI. Showing the contemplation of the discussion between the teacher and the pupil.14 1 gtsan bar hdzin pa apan bahi thabs bstan pa=sucigrahaprahanopayao. CSV cucivi. paryasao (gtsan bar phyin ci logo 'the illusion of purity.' bdag tu hdzin pa span bahi thabs bstan pa=atmagraha- or ahankara-prahano payao. CSV adds bhavana-(sgom) 'contemplation after upaya (thabs). But in the Skt. text, HPS, p. 466, there is ahankaraviparyasaprahanopayam 'the means for abandoning the illusion of ahankara. 3 byan chub sems dpah spyod pa bstan pao=Bodhisattvacaryao. . non mons span bahi thabs-klesaprahanopayao 5 minid kyis hdod pa lons spyod la z'en pa span bahi thabso=manusesta sambhoga bhini. vesa prahanopayao CSV reads -abhista- (mnon par hdod pahi) for -ista- and adds -visaya. (yul gyi) before - sambhoga-. slob ma spyod pa=sisyacarya. CSV -paricarya (yons su spyod); but in HPS, p. 480, it has parikarmika-prakaranam 'the chapter dealing with preparation.' dnos po rtag pa dgag pa bagom pa bstan=nityarthapratisedhabhavanasandarsana. * bdag dgag pa bagom pao=atmapratisedha bhavana dus dgag pa bagom pao=kalapratisedhabhavanadeg. 10 lta ba dgag pa bagom pao=drstipratisedhabhavana". 11 dban po dan don dgag pa bagom pao=indriyarthapratisedhabhavanadeg. 12 mthar udzin pa dgag pa bogom pao=antagrahapratisedhabhavanadeg. 13 hdus byas kyi don dgag pa bgom pao-samskrtarthapratisedhabhavanao. 14 slob dpon dan slob ma rnam par gtan la dbab egom pao-gurusisyaviniscayabhavanao.

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xxii INTRODUCTION We have already seen in the Preface that Dharmapala commented upon the last eight chapters of the CS. He was one of the ancient Upadhyayas (snon gyi mkhan po mentioned in the Ma ha v y ut patti, SS 177, 9, and seems to have been the teacher of Silabhadra, who received Hiuen-tsang at Nalanda. (656 A.D.). Silabhadra was then very old. Dharmapala must have died before the arrival of the Chinese pilgrim at that place ; and it appears from the observation given below of Candrakirtti that they were contemporaries; or it may be that the former was a little earlier than the latter. Candra kirtti quotes him not only here in his commentary on the CS, but also in his.Ma dhya ma ka va tara (Tibetan version), p. 407. I think, Poussin' is not right when he calls him (p. 426) Dharmaraksita. It is due to his wrong translation of Chos skyon which in Sanskrit is Dharmapala and not Dharma-raksita. (Cf. Hjig rten skyon=Lokapala.) As regards Dharmapala's commentary which is only on the last eight chapters some light is thrown by Candrakirtti. He says (I. 1): This Catuh sa ta ka sastra is divided by the present (da Ita) poet, venerable Dharmapala into two parts in accordance with the arrangement (found in the book): one consisting of (two) hundred (of karikas) teaching dharma (chos bstan pa brgya pa=dharmasasanasataka), and the other consisting of (two) hundred (of karikas) regarding disputations (tshod pa brgya pa= vigrahasataka). But now I take this Catuh sa ta ka sastra as one unit. For, in this way the former arrangement is maintained, and at the same time those who require benefit are benefited, as all the subject matters intended to be discussed in the sastra being taken the objects of one's own self as well as of others are fully attained.1 i de hdi da ltahi snan nag (X dnags) mkhan gyis rnam gnis byas bstan bcos bz'i brgya pa de ni da Itahi snan nag (X dnags) mkhan btsun pa chos skyon gis ji Itar dgod pa phy nas rnam pa guis su byas te gcig nichos bstan pa brgya pa nid duho | gzan ni stsod pa brgya pa nid duho || da ni bdag gis gcig tu de ranm dbye bar bya da ni bstan bcos bz'i brgya pa de goig tu byas nas bdag gis rnam par dbye bar byaho || de ltar byas dan bkod pa sna ma yan yons subskyans par hgyur la des phan gdags par bya ba rnams phan btags par yan hgyur te bstan bcos kyi don brjod par hdod pa mthah dag blans pas ran dan gz'an gyi don yan dag par hgrub pahi phyir roli

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CATUHSATAKA xxiii In the commentary of Candrakirtti there is a marked difference between the first and second parts, i.e. between the first eight and the last eight chapters; for, while in the former there are a number of drstantas (dpe rnams) 'examples' or 'maxims, ' each of the karikas containing at least one of them, there is none of them in the latter. On this point the following occurs in the commentary (1.1): 'In each of the karikas in the (first) eight chapters the drstantas used by Acarya Dharmadasa are read and explained with it (karikas)." Thus the drstantas found in the commentary are of Acarya Dharmadasa, and not of Candrakirtti himself. We have no sufficient materials for deciding as to who this Dharmadasa was. There were two Dharmadasas, a grammarian quoted by Rayamukuta, and the author of Vida g dh a mukh a ma nda na. We know hardly anything of the former, while as regards the latter it is clear from his own work that he was a Buddhist (saugata). Our Dharmadasa referred to by Candrakirtti seems to have been also a Buddhist, as the latter calls him an Acarya. Therefore, Dharmadasa, the author of Vid a gdha mu k h a ma nda na, may possibly be identical with our Dharmadasa. tad' idam vartamanena kavina dvidha krtam i tac Catuh sa ta ka 6astram vartamanena kavina bhadanta-Dharmapolena yathasannivesam vibhajya dyidha ketam ekam dharma sasana satakam anyat tu vigrahasatakam maya tv idanim ekabhagam eva krivato tac Catuh bata ka sastra mayedanim okam kptva vibhajyate | evm krte purvo 'pi vinyasah pariraksito bhaved upakaryas copaksta bhaveyuh vivaksiata. sakala sastrarthagrahanat svapararthayoh samyaksiddheh 1 These have been collected and translated into English in a small volume. It will be published as soon as possible. hdir rab tu byed pa brgyad kyi tshig lehur byas pa dag re re la slob dpon chos kyi hbans kyis abyar bahi dpe rnams hdon pa de dag dan lhan cig rnam par blad par byaho | =ihantanam prakarananam ekaikasu karikasu Acarya Dharmadasena prayukta drstantah pathitas tabhih saha vyakhyayante. There is another Dharmadasa, the author of a tika on the Kar puramanjari. But his name in this connection is out of question. He says at the end of his book (IV. 75) krtis tu Dharmadasasya saugatasya tapasvinah vidagdhanam mukham bhojapravikasakari mata il He begins his work glorifying the speech of the Buddha : siddhausadhani bhavaduhkhamahagadanam punyatmanam paramakarnarasayanani praknalanaikasalinani manomalanam Sauddhodaneh pravacanani ciram jayanti | See also IV. 18.

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xxiv INTRODUCTION Whether Dharmadasa wrote a commentary, complete or partial, on the CS cannot definitely be said. His drslantas quoted by Candrakirtti might have been written by the former somewhere else.

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THE CATUHS'ATAKA CHAPTER VIII. SLOB MA SPYOD PA ziSyacaryA 176 CSV: gan z'ig hdod chags kyi hchin ba che bas hchin' gtad pa nid kyi phyir bdag dan gz'an la hdod chags spanso par mi srid par dogsa pa de la bsad pa | _yo mahatA rAgabandhanena bandhanasamarpitavAdAtmano'nyasya ca rAgaprahANaM na sambhAvyata ityAzaGkate tmaah-|| ji ltar mi mthun mi rnams la mdzah ba yun rin mi gnas pal de bz'in kun la skyon ses la hdod chags yun rin mi gnas so || 1 || V naresv ananurupesu ciram rago na tisthati | evam sarvatra dosajne ciram rago na tisthati || 1 || Here the word raga for Tib. mdzah ba in b is not a happy one ; the original must have been sneha as evident from Candrakirtti's Vstti". This is supported also by the Tib. version of the Meghaduta, ed. Beckh, verse 12, where sneha is translated by mdzah ba. According to the commentary the Skt. word ananukula or pratikula for mi mthun in a is undoubtedly better than ananurupa as V has done. In the Tib. version of the Abhidharmakosabhasya (BB), p. 13, 1. 19, mi mthun is used for the Skt. reading pratikula preserved in the Abhidharmakosavyakhya (BB), p. 18, 1. 20. 1x chin. 1 X spons. 8 X degs. * (tatha kasya- (de bz'in du gan z'ig)]-cid rajnah putro'tivapayah (phans pa; HPS priyah). sa kadacid vyutthitah. sa tena rajna samgrame nirjitya gphitah. tasya ca rajnas taddosadarsanat (dehi nes pa mthon bahi phyir; HPS degdarsitvat) tasmate neho (chags pa) vigatah.

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CATUHSATAKA [177 Tib. ji ltar, Stk. yatha, in a is omitted altogether. This can, however, be ignored in the present case, for the meaning is quite clear by the use of evam for de bz'in, lit. tatha. I should like to propose the following restoration : nareSu pratikUleSu ciraM neho na tiSThati / evaM sarvatra doSane ciraM rAgo na tiSThati // 1 // CV: de ltar na ji ltar hgal bahi mi rnams la mdzah ba yun rin por gnas pa yod pa ma yin pa de bz'in du rnal hbyor pa la yan phyi dan nan gi dnos po rnams la skyon du mthon ba nid kyi phyir ji ltar thams cad du hdod chags dan bral ba mi srid | ____ = evaM yathA viruddheSu nareSu snehazciraM na tiSThati tathA yogino'pi bAghAntarabhAvAnAM doSadarzanAt kathaM sasmAd virAgo na sambhAvyate // 1 // 177 itaca tatpahANaM' sambhAvyate ggvstvbhaavaat| yathA ca. tahastu nAsti' tathA prtipaadyvaah-| la la de nid la chags te la la de nid la sdan z'in ___ la la de inid la rmons pa | .. dehi phyir hdod pa don med paho || 2 || V with Vx of C$ de for deni in d. * tavaiva rajyate kazcit kazcittavaiva duSyati / kazcinmudhati tatraiva tasmAt kAmo nirarthakaH // 2 // For the word kama in d in the Skt. text kaya is wrongly printed in the fragments (HPS, p. 473). V has unnecessarily emended it by raga. The Vrtti says: "tasmad visayakamabsvarundsiddhatvat sunyah." In b the verb dusyati is here not from Vdus, but from Vdvis. Cf. Pali dosa =dvesa. This is quite evident from the Tib. word for it, sdan. __CSV : rajanIyavasvAyattodayo' hi raagH| tacca rakhanIyaM vastu 1 HPS ad. na. * Tib. udod chags kyi gz'i med pahi pbyir ro ; HPS ragavatsvabhavatvat. * Tib. dehi gz'i ji Itar med pa. HPS om. it. * Tib om. udaya.

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178] CHAPTER VIII svarUpAsiSam / tathA hi / yadeva okasya raJjanIyaM tadevAparasya heSaNIyaM mohanIyaM voplbhyte| yadi ca rajjanIyaM vastu svarUpataH syAt sarvadA sarvasya ca tathaiva syaat| na tveSa niyamo dRSTaH / tathA hi yatraiko rajyati tatrevAparo duti tavaivAparo muddhti| tasmAd viSaya kAmaH svarUpAsiddhatvAcchU nyH| na caivaM rAnIyavastuzUnyatAbhAvanAtatparasya yogino rAgapahANaM na sambhAvyata pati* // 2 // Cf. parivATakAmukazunAmakasyAM prmdaatnau| kuNapaH kAminI bhakSya iti timro vikalpanAH // Sarvadarsanasangraha (BI), p. 15. 178 CSV : evaM nAsti rAgAdInAmAlambanasya svruupsiddhiH| evaM tAvadAlambanAsiyA rAgAdyasiddhiM pratipAdya hetvasiyApi pratipAdayitukAma maah| rtog pa med par hdod chags la sogs la yod nid yod min na yan dag don dan rtog pa z'es || blo dan ldan pa su zig hdzin || 3 || In b for la Vx of CSV pa. In c all de for dan * vinA kalpanayAstitvaM rAgAdInAM na vidyte| bhUtArthaH kalpanA ceti ko grahothati buddhimAn // 3 // CSV : viSayeSvayoniza: kalpanA raagaadisiddhikaarnnm'| tatazca yeSA satyAmeva kalpanAyAmastitvama asatyAM ca kalpanAyAM nAstitvaM dhravaM teSAM 1 Tib. de ltar; HPS om. it. * HPS om. it. Tib. rmons pa dan bar ma byas par. But it is a defective reading. Should . we read: rmons par bya ba? 3 Tib om. visaya.. 4 The two nagations are omitted in Tib. After iti HPS ad. vidyata eva ragaprahanam. Tib. om. * Tib. pratipadayitum (bstan pahi phyir). * Tib. ragadi klesakaranam hi vinayesv ayonisah kalpana (hdod chage la sogg pa non mons pahi rgyn ni yul rnams la tshul bz'in ma yin pahi rtog pa ste). HIPS om. agatyain nustitvam which is supplied from Tib (trog pa med par yod pa ffid med pa).

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CATUHSATAKA [179 rAsalake parikalpitasarpavat svruupaasihirvsiiyte| yastu svarUpasihaM rAgAdaunAmabhyupaiti niyataM tena kalpanApekSyajanmatvaM svarUpasiriviraI nAbhyupetavyam / yadi yaso bhUto'rthaH kimarthaM tadarthaM klpnaapekssyte| kathamasau bhUtArthaH / ityevaM sopapattikAgamabhAsAvabhAsitacittasantAnatvAn na vihAMsaH kharUpasihasya klpnaajnittvmnggokurvnti| jar3Astu kathacid vipavAsAta pravartante // 3 // 179 CSV : prvaah| vidyata eva rAgAdInAM svabhAvo bandhanatvAt / tathA hiN| so puruSaviSayeNa rAgeNa puruSeNa saha bar3A nAtikAmati puruSam / puruSaca strIviSayeNa rAgeNa striyA saha bar3o na parityajati striyamiti / ucate hgah lahan gan dan lhan cig' tu | bciis pa zes bya yod min te | gz'an dan lhan cig bcins pa la ___bral ba rigs pa ma yin no || 3 // In a for tu V has wrongly du. In d V with Vx of CS bar for ba. * kasyacit kenacit sAdhaM bandho nAma na vidyate / pareNa saha bandhasya viprayogo na yujyate // 4 // In 6 V wrongly reads yujyate for vidy ite and in c for bandhasya he accepts the misprint, baddhasya, in the fragments (HPS, p. 474). That the reading must. be bandhasya is quite evident and is supported by the Vstti. ____CSV : yathaiva hi rAgaH kalpanApekSyajanmatvAt svabhAvAsihastahat strIpuruSayorapi varUpAsihatvAt kasyacidarthasya kenacidarthena saha nAsti svarUpato bandha iti na bandhakAraNatvAdu rAgaH kharUpataH sidhyti| pathAvapyavadhUyetyaM vicAra pareNa saha parasya bandhaH pari kalpAte evamapi pareNa saha bandhasya viprayogo na yujyate / 1 Tib. om. pari.. 2 Tib. oni. iti. * Tib. mi mnah la; it does not literally mean atikramati. rib. om. pari.. * In xde ltar (evam, tatha). According to skt. it must be read ji ltar (yatha).. . Tib. om. pari-,

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180] CHAPTER VIII .. viprayogo vimokSo vimuktiritynrthaantrm|| yadi hi svarUpasya parINa' bandhakAraNatvaM syAt tadA svarUpasyAnyathAbhAvAsambhavAn muktyabhAva eva syAt / pati ca mukti riti nAsti bandhanakAraNatvaM raagsy| asati ca bandhana kAraNe kuto bandha iti svabhAvazUnyA eva rAgAdayaH svabhAvazUnyatAdarzanAt prahIyanta iti zakyamAsthAtum // 4 // 180 ___CSV : yadyevaM vicArAt klezA nivartante tat kimityajitale zAH prAyo dRshynte| gordhrmaadhimuktivirhaat| tathA hi-| bsod nams chun du chos hdi la the tshom za ba yan mi hgyurl the tshom za ba tsam z'ig gis srid pa hrul por byas par hgyur !| 5 || In b with Vx of CSV I read za ba and not za bar as V reads with Vx of Cs. In c Vx of CSV has gi for gis. In d all read bor for por. * asmin dharme'lpapuNyasya sandeho'pi na jAyate / ___bhavaH sandehamAtreNa jAyate jarjarokataH // 5 // _CSV : anAdisaMsArAbhyasta viparyAsa' darzano hyavihAn pratibimbopameSu padArthe vidaMsatyAbhiniviSTaH svabhAva zUnyatopadezaM prapAtamiva manyate / zUnyatAdhimukti hetukuzalamUla virahitacittasantAnatvAt tathAvidhasya sattvasyA". sin viparItavinizcayavinirmukte" zUnyatAdharme kimevaM naivamiti sandeho'pi na 1 HPS nas this sentence after the next one: yadi hio eva syat. 2 Tib. ran bz'in gyi gz'an gyis ; HPS paraaya svarupato. 3 Tib. om. it. * Tib. vimuktideg (rnam par grol ba). 5 Tib. hdod chags la; HPS parasya. Tib yan; HPS om. it. 7 HPS -sandarsano. * Tib. om. svabhava-. * Tib. ston pa fiid kyi lhag par mos pahi; HPS Sunyavimukti.deg 10 Tib. tga ba; HPS om. mula. 11 Tib. sems can la; HPS matasya for sattvasya. 12 Tib. phyin ci log tu nes pa las ma gtogs pa ; HPS om. it here. See note 1, next page.

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CATUHSATAKA [181 jaayte| tatazca mutihetuviparyastatvAt kuto'sya mokSaH / yadi tvayaM kenApi' hetunA zUnyatAdharme 'samyagupadizyamAne saMzayamutpapAdayet kimayaM dharma evaM nevamiti niyatamasthAnenApi sandehamAtreNa jarjara eva saMsAro' jAyate / sandehakAle'pi jarjara evAsya saMsAro' lakSyate tadbhedAnukUlAvasthAvasthitatvAt 181 __CSV : api ca yo'yaM svabhAvazUnyatAlakSaNo dharmo yasmin sandeho'pi bhavasya jarjaratvAya saMvartate tasya bhagavatA prathamakSAntikSaNamupAdAya yAvan mokssstaavdprihaanivRddiyopvrnnitaa| na tvevaM laukikAnAM dharmANAM / te hi vipAkacayAdapi kSIyante pratyayavaikalyAdapi na prvrtnte| na hi prajApAramitAnadhiSThitA dAnAdayaH samarthA jAtyandhA iva sarvajJatAnagaramanu"prAptamityuvAca shaastaa| tdevm-| chos gan zig la thub pa yis | thar pahi bar du hphel ba nid | gsuns der gan la gus med pa de ni gsal bar blo ldan min || 6 || In b for pahi and ba V has wrongly bahi and pa respectively. In the same line for hphel Vx of CS hgrel, which is a mistake. * mA mokSAd yasya dharmasya dhimevoktAvAn muniH / tatra bhaktinaM yasyAsti suvyaktaM buddhimAn na saH // 6 // V is quite justified in amending the reading atma hy adyasya found in the fragments by a moksad yasya according to the Tib. version. 1 After this HPS ad. anyatra viparitaniscayat. * After moksa- Tib. ad. darsanam (lta). * Tib. ad. ekena (gcig gis). * Tib. yai dag par3; HPS om. samyag. Tib. om. it. * Tib. lit. jirpa (dens pa). 7 Tib. lit. bhavah (srid pa). . bheda=unmulana, vinasana (hjoms pa). . Tib. yan; HPS om. it. 10 For jarjao te Tib. jarjaratvahetur bhavati (hrul po nid kyi rgyur hgyur ba). 11 Tib. does not support anu-.

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182] CHAPTER VIII CSV : yo hyatyantopakAriNi dharme vRddhiprakarSavati motyAdayati bhakti sa' kSema sthAne bhayadarzitvAn' mUr3hatA mevAtmano jar3aH prkttyti| taditya mUr3hatA mA bhUameti vivadbhiH svabhAvazUnyatAdarzane bhaktirAstheyA // 6 // 182 . CSV : kiM punarime padArthA azUnyA eva vairAgyAthai zUnyavad dRzyanta atha prakvatyaiva' zUnyA iti vyapadizyanta / ucyte-| ____bdag ni mya ian hdah hgyur zes | ston min ston Itar mthon min te | log ltas mya nan mi hdah bar de bz'in gsegs pa rnams gsun no || 7 || V is justified in correcting stor nid in b found also in our Vx of CS by ston min as in the Tib. version (with slightly different readings) of MA., p. 119. He will, however, be glad to note that our Vx of CSy actually reads here ston min. * nAzUnyaM zUnyavaddaSTaM nirvANaM me bhvviti| mithyAdRSTena nirvANaM varNa yanti tathAgatAH // 7 // CSV :-anyathAvasthitasya vastuno yadanyathA darzanaM tamithyAdarzanam / yadi ca khabhAvAzUnyAH santaH padArthAH svabhAvazUnyA iti dRzyeraMstadA mithyAdarzanAdeva nirvANAdhigama: syAt / na ca mithyAdRSTeH pugalasya nirvANAdhi gamaM buddA bhagavanto vyvsthaapynti| samyagdRSTipuraHsareNaiva yathA nirvANaprApti * 'vyvsthaapnaat| tatazca mAyAvat pratItyasamutpanatvAt svabhAvazUnyA eva santo bhAvAH zUnyAH khabhAvenetyadhigamyante // 7 // 1 Tib. ad. midhah (rimons pa) and om. jadah before prakatayati in the sentence. 2 Tib. tvakta. ( dor bahi) for kshema; we may, however, read dge for dor in Tib. __ Tib. ad. tasmat (dehi) reading here: hjigs par lta ba debi phyir which lit. means tsunad bhayadarsanat. By reading nid for dehi we may get bhayadarsitvat as found in Skt. Tib. jadatam (blun po nid du). Tib. on. mama, and reads : blun por hgyur du hon bas. Here hon bas does not seem to give any suitable sense and, I think, we may read med pas for it. Accordingly it would be in Skt. jadata ma bhud iti taking blun po for blun po nid. * Tib. mi ston; HPS bunya. 7 Tib. puts eva (kho) after bunya. 8 Tib. ad. pari. (yons su) before darsanam. HPS -sunyah for a-sunyah; Tib. mi ston. 10 Tib. sion du btai ba for purahsara.

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CATUHSATAKA [183 V wrongly translates the first half of the karika writing : "Le vide n'est pas considere comme vide afin qu'on obtienne le nirvana.". It is evident from it that he followed the Tib. version of CS with the reading ston nid which is corrected by him himself as ston min as we have already discussed. Unfortunately he paid here no heed to the original Skt. It seems, V made his translation first basing it on the Tib. version of CS and afterwards corrected the original reading of that version according to that of MA and the Skt., but forgot to correct his French translation accordingly. Incidentally one thing may be pointed out as regards the Tib. translation of a Skt. word in the present karika. It will be noticed that the word sunyavat in the original is translated differently in the two Tib. versions. In MA we have ston Idan, while in our texts of CS and CSV we read ston ltar. Now, in meaning as in form the words ldan and ltar differ much from each other; ldan is a possessive particle or suffix, as for example, nor Idan 'possessing wealth,' i.e. 'wealthy,' and it actually corresponds to the Skt. suffix -vat in the same sense (i. e., possessive); while itar is a particle denoting likeness and translated into English by 'as,' 'like' corresponding to the Skt. suffix -vat in the sense of iva 'as.' These two senses of Skt. -vat are confounded here as elsewhere. The translator of MA should have used here ston ltar and not ston Idan as he has done. 183 CSV: 77 gratiara agarda qa'quegaifa i naitdevm| naiva hi laukikaM pravRttyAtmakaM paramArthAt pUrvamanupadizya' zakyaM khabhAvazUnyatAlakSaNa tttvmaadrshyitumiti| tasmAt tattvAvatArasopAna 1 Before paro HPS ad, syabhava.. Tib. ad : eka (cig). 3 HPS paramartham for Orthat. Tib. dan po hjig rten pahi don dam pas hjug pahi bdag Bid can-purvam (lit. prathamam) laukikena paramarthena pravsttyatmakam. * Tib. ne bar ma bstan pa ; HPS sadupadilya. * HPS om. it; Tib. deni phyir. ups Taksapatatlan pa ; HPS Badiona paramarthe paki don dam pas

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184] CHAPTER VIII bhUtatvAt pravRttyupadezo'pi krtvyH| sarvasaGgaparityAgena nirvANa sukhAvAptihetuH khabhAvazUnyatopadezo'pi kartavyaH / tadatra tAthAgate prvcne-| gan las hjig rten bstan hbyun ba | de las thjug pa gsuns pa ste || gan las don dam bsnad hbyun ba de las Idog pa gsuns pa ho || 8 || In a V and Vx of CS byun for hbyun. In c Vx of CSV byun for hbyun. In d V and Vx of of CSV las for la. * laukiko dezanA yatra pravRttistatra vrnnyte| paramArthakathA yatra nittistatra varNyate // 8 // ___CSV : yatra saMsArapravattikramo'vidyAsaMskArAdinA krameNAhavekahetuviSamahetuvinAzA) svasAmAnyalakSaNakSatyatva kalpanayA dezyate jJAtavyaM viduSA prakRtikramastana vayaMta iti| yatra tu pratItyasamutpAdasya svabhAvAnutpAdena' khabhAvazUnyatopadizyate tatra saMsArapravRttanivRttivaNyaMte // 8 // 184 : CSV : yadyevaM paramArthakathAyAM na kiJcidasti zUnyatvAt sarvabhAvAnAM tadA sarvAbhAvaH prsjyte| sarvAbhAvAcca na kiJcit kartavyaM syAt katta karmakriyA'dInAM sarvathAbhAvAt / abhAvAca kriyA daunAM na syAn mokSa iti srvmevaayuktmiti| ucyate --- / kun yod ma yin ci bya zes | khyod la hjigs pa skye hgyur gan | gal te bya ba yod na ni chos hdi zlog byed mi hgyur ro || 9 || In 6 Vx of CSV has hjig for hjigs and V and VX of ('S read gran for gai. . * Tib. tattvamstavataradhikarabhutatvat (de kho na nid kyi bdud rtsi la hjug pahi skabs su gyur pa nid kyi phyir na). Tib. mya man las hdas pahi; HPS nivrttisui. | Tib. rgyu; HPS nimittan for -hetuh. Tib. repeats it once more : bya dgos par bya dgos so. 5 For Tib. lit. -satyabhava- (bden pahi dios por). HPS Sajinavakadeg for Satyatvakac. * Tib. degma skyes pas; HPS degpadasvabhava'. 7 Tib. ad. karya. (bya ba). * Tib. lit. karya- (bya ba) for kriya-.

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10 CATUHSATAKA [185 *kiM kariSyAmyasat sarvamiti te jAyate bhayam / vidyate yadi kartavyaM nAyaM dharmoM nivartakaH // // _CSV : yata eva hi sarvamasadata evAyaM paramArthadharmaH pravRttinivartako yujyte| tat kimiti nivRttyarthI kriyAdyadhiSThAnasarvAbhAva na smiihte| pathA vApi pravRttAviva kartavyaM syAt tadA kriyAphalasthApi padArthasya' pravRtteH saiva pravRttiriti kathamayaM dharmo nirvANavAhaka: syAt // 8 // 185 CSV : "nivartake dharme na kiJcit karmAsti tasmAcchUnyapakSaH zreyAniti' yastu zUnyatAmArge rajyani viparItasvabhAve ca pakSe duzzati tmupaalbhte-| khyod la ran phyogs chags yod cin | gz'an gyi phyogs la mi dgah na | mya nan hdas par mi hgro ste | gnis spyod z'i bar yons mi hgyur || 10 || Vx of CSV khyed for khyod in a and span for yons in d; span does not give any sense here. V wrongly reads dkah for dgal in b. * svapakSe vidyate rAgaH parapakSastu te'priyaH / , na gamiSyasi nirvANaM na zivaM inhacAriNaH // 1 // CSV : hividhI hi pakSa: samAsataH svapakSaH prpkssshc| tatra yadi khapakSe te rA~go 'sti svabhAvazUnyatA pakSa: zreyAniti parapakSazca te mithyeti chatvApriyo na gamiSyasi nirvaannm| na hyanunaya pratighahatasya inhacAriNI 1 Tib. bya ba la sogs pahi rton yod pa thams cad med pa; HPS. sarvabhavam kriya. dyanadhisthanam. . Tib. tatra (de la). After atha HPS hi nama. Tib. dnos po ; HPS pararthasya. . Tib. hdren par hyed par hgyur ; HPS degnavahakah. 5 HPS ad. yatas tu. * Tib. mchog tu bkrabs; lit. it means 'exyuisite choice.' * APS viparite ca svabhava pakse. . Tib. ad. abhinivesah (mion par z'en). * Tib. ran bz'in ston pa nid kyi phyog; HPS kunyapaksah. 10 For mio krtva Tib. anyah samyag na bhavatiti jnatva (gz'an yan dag pa nia yin no snam du rig nas). 11 HPS atra for anunava. (Tib. rjes su chago pa).

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187] CHAPTER VIII 11. nirvaannmsti| sarvatra hi santa udAsInAH saGgacchedAdanapAyasukhaikarasaM zivamAna vanti // 10 // 186 CSV : pnaah| yadyapi nirvANaM paramasukhaM sakalopadravarahitatvAt tathApi tadazakyaM prApta tatprAsya pAyAcaraNasyA tidusskrtvaat| bhavastvayatna. sAdhyatvAd yasmAt sukhena prApyate tasmAt tatrAsmAka prvRttiriti| ucyate / viparautamavadhAritam / ysmaat'-| byed med mya nan hdah hgyur z'in byed la yan srid hgyur te des | bsam bral med pas mya nan las hdas.pa thob sla cig Sos min || 11 || In b Vx of CSV las, and Vx of CS and V pas for la. Vx of CSV 'khral for bral in c. * akurvANasya nirvANaM kurvANasya punarbhavaH / nizcintena sukhaM prAptuM nirvANaM tena netaraH // 19 // CSV : 'sarvAsu kriyAsu nirasta vyApAraNa nizcintena nirvANamavApyate / tasmAt sukha prApta nirvaannm| kuzalAkuzalAdi pravattisAdhyatvAt tu nirvApAditaraH punarbhavo na sukhena praapyte| na viduSo'prayatnalabhyaM nirvANamavadhUya yuta vividhavyApAraparikhedalabhyaM punarbhavamarthayitum // 11 // 187 Csv : yadi khalvakurvANasya nirvaann| kimarthaM tvayAtra zAstre anityA . Tib. dam pa rnams kyis ; HPS om. it. .. Tib. thabs la spyod pa; HPS payasyatideg. * Tib. om. * Tib. susidhyati or sukhena sidhyati (sgrub pa sla). . Tib. bdag cag; HPS only tatra. * HPS. ad. here na. * Tib. tatha hi (hdi Itar). * Tib. ad. yasmat (gan gi pbyir). * Tib. bya ba thams cad la; HPS ad. kusaladhi (read kusaladi-) before kriyasu. 10 Tib. om. 1 Tib. om -&di.. 19 HPS ad. tat.

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w CATUHSATAKA [188 barthapratipAdanaM kriyata iti / ucyate / saMsArarakta jagat / saMsArAduhejanArtham / tathA hi-| gan la hdir skyo yod min pa de la z'i gus ga la yod ran khyim las bz'in srid pa ni 1 hdi nas hbyun bahan bya bar dkah || 12 // V has wrongly skye for skyo in a, and Vx of CS yid for yod Vx of CSV in d reads bya ba for bya bar, and wrongly dgah for dkah. * uddegI yasya nAstIha bhaktistasya kutaH zive / nigamazca bhavAdasmAt svagrahAdiva duSkaraH // 12 // _CSV : saMsArAduhignacetasa statriHsaraNAya nirvANaM mjnte| yasya tu nAstyuhegaH sa kimiti tadarthayeta' / uddegAbhAvAdeva ca bhavAn nigantu malpabujhayo notshnte| iha yathA svagrahamalpasAramapi vyAsaGgaparicchedasya duSkaratvAn na tyakta pAryate tAdRzametat // 12 // . 188 CSV : viSayasukhasambhogasulabhAnita gRhANi tyaktamAkhyAnAM mA bhUt "sAmarthya nirvANa ca gantum / yeSAM tu vyAdhidAridrAdInAM duHkhahetUnAM pratividhAnA sambhavasteSAM yukta eva sNsaaraanndprityaagH| tathA hi-| 1 HPS om. 2 Tib. bsad par bya ste; HPS om. . Tib. hkhor ba la chags pahi; HPS *rabhuktam. * Tib. sarsararaktam jagat samsarard udvejaniyam iti (hkhor ba la chogs pabi hgro ba hkhor ba la skyo bar bya bahi phyir ro).. 5 Tib. plural number (sems skyo ba rnams); HPS singular. 6 HPS ninsaranaya. 7 Tib. gner ba bya; HPS arthayate. . HPS ad. tad. * Tib. Barhsaran nihsartum (hkhor ba las hes par bbyun ba). 10 Tib. hdi (read hdir). 11 Tib. degsambhoganubhavani (lons spyod rmyon ba). 12 HPS ad. tat, but not supported by Tib. 13 Tib. ad. aranye or vihare (dgon par). 14 Tib. ad. prapyam (thob par bya bar). 15 The word for it could not be read in the X being obscure.

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189]] CHAPTER VIII - 13 la la sdug bsnal zil mnan z'in | hchi bar hdod pa dag snan ste | de tshe de dag gti mug phyir go hphin dam par mi hgro zad || 13 || For z'in in a V and Vx of CS have cin. Vx of CSV reads chi for hchi in b. Ind v has can for zad. In the same line Vx of CS hgros for bgro. * duHkhAbhibhUtA dRzyante kecid mrnnkaajinnH| te tadA kevalaM mohAna gacchanti paraM padam // 13 // CSV : vyAdhidAridraSTaviprayogaduHkhAturAH kecidAtmanehamapAsyAtaTA dAtmAnamutsRjanti agnyudakapravezAdInyapi kurvnti| tathaiva yadi saMsAra duHkhato nirdhAryA tmanehamatyanta muddhareyuradUre nivRtisukhasya vrtern| viparyAsitadarzanAstu mahA mohAt tathA na pravartante yena nirvANamAsAdayanti // 13 // 189 CSV : yadyevaM sarvabhavaparityAgenAjarAmaraNaM padaM nirvaannmevaikmrthniiym| taprAptaye bhAvanA kthaivaastu| "kimarthaM bhagavatA dAnazIlakathe api vihite iti| ucyate / vividho" hi sattvadhAturDInamadhyamottamabhedAt / tadbhedAca i Tib. nad dan dbul ba dan sdug pa dan bral ba la sogs pahi sdug bsnal gyis gzar te. HPS vyadhiviprayogaduhkhanvitah. ... Tib. wrongly tatad (ios nas for gyan sa nas). 3 Tib. me dan chur hjug pa la sogs pa dag kyan byed do | HPS om it. . Tib. nes par byas nas ; HPS nivarya. 5 Tib. gtan du; HPS atyantaya. 6 Before vipao Tib ad. asad (yod pa ma yin) ind after * darsanas ad. viparyastah (phyin ci log rnams). Tib. che ba; HPS om. it. 8 Tib. gan gis ; HPS ye. . Tib. sgrub par hgur; HPS nasadeg. 10 Tib. srid; HPS sarvaparideg. In Tib. rga si med pahi go hphans ; HPS degtyagena nirvana'. 13 Tib. gcig bu; HPS degmevarthai. 13 Inx read sgom for sdom. 14.HPS tat kideg. 16 Tib. vividho (rnam pa sna tshogs). 16 Tib. dehi dbye ba las%3 HPS degdartham. bhagal.

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14 CATUHSATAKA [289 Huat [ 'Aftquaat Aflata fucie TOHTIINTE dezanAvaicitrAm / tatra tena bhagavatA-1] sbyin pa dman pa la gsuns sin | hbrin la tshul khrims gsuns pa ste i mchog la z'i ba gsuns gyur pa des na rtag tu mchog tu byos || 14 || In a it is sbyin and not spyin as printed in V's text. In d V wrongly reads gyur ba for gyur pa. V hinasya danam nirdistam silam madhyasya caiva hi! sivam agryasya kathitam tasmad agryam sada srutam || 14 || As regards the metre danam hinasya nirdistam would have been better. The first thing to be observed on this restoration is that the Skt. word agrya for Tib. mchog in c and d in connection with Tib. dman and hbrin in a and b respcltively, is not so happy. There are three classes of vinaeyas 'disciples of the Buddha according to the degrees of their merits, viz., hina or nikrsta 'low, madhya or madhyama 'middle,' and uttama, or utkrsta, or visista 'best! or 'highest'. These words in Buddhist or non-Buddhist literature are found to have formed a well-known phrase, and nowhere agrya is read for uttama or utkreta or visista. Therefore I should think, we ought to put here one of these last words for Tib. mchog. The second thing to be noted is about the translation by V. of the Tib. word gsuns used thrice, in a, b, and c. He translates it by two different words, first by nirdista and then by kathita, and in one case he does not translate it at all allowing it to be understood. Now, strictly speaking, this is not appropriate Tib. thabs chen po can gyi thugs rje chen pohio bsam pa dan bag nal mkhyen pasi chogo; HPS Bhagavato desanavaioitryam. 2. Tib. de la boom ldan hdas des; HPS om, it. . For instance, seo MV, p. 357 ; Mahayana sutralan kara XVI, 63 ; M& duky a karika III, 16; and the commentary by Candrakirtti on the karika 183 of the as quoted by V under the karika 189. It reads hina - ma dh ya mottama. bhedat. V wrongly quotes madhyottam. See also CS, 89 (HPS, p. 462). * But see karikas 204, 264.

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189) CHAPTER VIII 15 for in this case owing to the use of different words the meaning may appear to the reader differently. So the same word must be repeated in such cases. Moreover, nirdista and kathita do not convey the same meaning. As regards the omission of the translation of gsuns in b, I think, it would have been better if y could have avoided it, for the original author undoubtedly wanted to lay here some emphasis by repeating the word so many times. In d V takes Tib. byos to mean Skt. sruta 'heard.' He repeats it also in the vocabulary (p. 173). So far as I can say this meaning can in no way be accepted. It appears that somehow or other he has confounded the word with Tib. thos or thos pa which means in Skt. sruta (cf. thos pa bz'in, Skt. yathasruta). byos is the imperative form of byed pa 'to do'. Hence it cannot mean anything but 'do', Skt. kuru. This is clearly borne out also by Candrakirtti when he explains it using byos sig, Skt. kuru, 'do,' in the commentary. It is to be further noted that V's translation of cann d is not quite in accordance with his own Skt, nor does it follow the original Tib. version. He translates them thus : (c) "le vide aux meilleurs ; (d) c'est pourquoi il est si souvent question du mieux (agrya=sunya)." I donot think V is right in taking Tib. z'i ba in c in the sense of 'vide,' 'void', sunya; z'i ba means in Skt. siva, santi, etc. And what is to be understood by it? * According to the commentator, I consider, it is mya nan las hdas pa or nirvana. There are three things sbyin pa, dana, 'gift ;' tshul khrims, sila, 'morality ;' and sgom pa, bhavana, 'meditation.' And he says, great is the enjoyment by dana. By ila one is born a god or a man. And by bhavana the klesas 'evil passions' or 'obstacles' are destroyed, and they being destroyed there is nirvana. This nirvana is said not to all. ." Therefore, be yourself most excellent and be exceedingly delighted for nirvaua". Here is nothing of ston pa, sunya, the 'vide' of V. See the commentary quoted below. . Consequently I should like to propose the following restoration :

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16 CATUHSATAKA [190 nikaSTasyocyate dAna madhyasya sholmucyte| uttamasyocyate zAntistanityamuttamaM kuru // 15 // The literal rendering of gsuns, past tense, is in Skt. ukta 'said', no doubt, but in such cases the use of present tense is allowed. For instance, see karika 183 where the same word, gsuns, is used twice for Skt. varnayate. V himself, too, accepts it. See karika 219 (gsuns=kathyate). CSV: dman pahi gan zag la ni sbyin pa kho nal tshul khrims dan sgom pa ni ma yin te de gnis kyi snod ma yin pa nid kyi phyir ro || hbrin po la ni tshul khrims kho na gsuns kyi sbyin pa ma yin z'in sgom pa ma yin te | sbyin pa la gnas zin pasi phyir dan sgom par nus pa med paai phyir ro || mchog la ni sgom pa kho na gsuns kyi sbyin pa tshul khrims dag ni ma yin te | de ghis lagnas par gyur zin pahi phyir ro || de la sbyin pas ni lons spyod che bar hgur ro || tshul khrims kyis ni lha dan mihi skye baho || sgom pas ni non mons pa bsrab pa nid du hgyur la bsrabs pa nid kyi phyir mya nan las hdas pahi phyir thams cad la mya nan las hdas pa mi gsun no! desi phyir badg mchog tu gyur cig ces mya nan las hdas pa la mrion par dgah bar byos sig !! _ = honasya pudgalasya dAnameva na zolaM bhAvanA ca / tayoIyorabhAjanatvAt / madhyamasya zaulamevo na dAnaM na ca bhaavnaa| dAnasya niSThitatvAdu bhAvanAsA. maabhaavaacc| uttamasya bhAvanaiva no daanshiile| tayoniSThitatvAt / tatra dAnana mhaasmbhogH| zIlena devmrjaatiH| bhAvanayA lazanirIdhatI nirutvAnirvANamiti na sarvasya nirvaannmucyte| tasmAt svayamuttamo bhaveti nirvANAyAbhiratiM kuru // 14 // 190 CV: mchog tu byun bahi phyir ches thog ma kho nar mya nan las hdas pahi gtam bya ba yod ma yin gyi || ___= uttamabhUtatvAt prathamatarameva nirvANakathA na kAryA / 1x na dan tshul khrims la sgom'. .See cs, XII. II (=286): Silena gamyate svargtah.

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190] CHAPTER VIII M bsod nams min pa dan por zlog bar du bdag ni zlog pa dan | phyi nas lta ni kun zlog pa gan gis ses de mkhas pa yin || 15 || In a Vx of CSV has las for pa For zlog in a, b, and c, as found in Vx of CS. there is bzlog in Vx of CSV, while V reads bzlog only in c. In c for ni Vx of CSV z'ig. Before gan in d Vx of CSV unnecessarily adds ni bya ste, and reads gi for gis. * vAraNaM prAgapuNyasya madhye vAraNamAtmanaH / sadasya vAraNaM pazcAda yo jAnaute sa buddhimAn // 15 // It is cited in MV, p. 359. CSV : bstan pa hdir rim gyis hdus byas thams cad bzlog par byaho || de la hdir re z'ig bsod nams ma yin paui phyogs thams cad bzlog pa ni dan por bya ste | mthon ba dan ma mthon bahi nes brgya phrag du mahi rgyu yin te spon ba sla ba dan por bzlog par byaho || sdig pa bzlog pas ni phun po dan khams dan skye mched rnams la bdag rnam pa lnar yan mi srid pahi phyir bdag tu Ita ba cha ni su dor bar byaho || phyi nas bdag la chags pa yan dag par ston paphun po dan khams dan skye mched dag la chags pa yan yons su btan bar bya bahi phyir dnos po thams cad bzlog par byaho !! deni phyir de Itar na blo dan Idan pa hdi len pa med par yons su mya nan las hdas te | de Itar na rim pahi sgo nas gan z'ig gis thams cad de bzlog pa thabs ses pa de la ni snas rgyas kyi bstan par mkhas pa ! zes brjod do || ___ = zAsana'smin krameNa sarva saMskRtaM vaaryitvym| taveha tAvat sarvasyApuNyapakSasya vAraNaM prathama kartavyaM dRSTAdRSTanAnAdoSazataheturiti / suprahANaM prathamaM vArayitavyam / pApavAraNena skandhadhAtvAyataneSvAtmA paJcavidho'pi na sambhAvyata iti viMzatyaMzAtmadRSTi tyA jyaa| pavAdAtmanehasamyagupadezena skandhadhAtvAyatananeho'pi parityAjya iti sarvavastu vAraNIyam / 1x span. .x pahi. * rupa-vedana-sarjna-samskara-vijnana-svarupab! .See MVt 208. 1 rupamatma svamivat. * rdpavan atma alankaravat. atmiyath 3

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18 CATUHSATAKA [191 tadevaM buddhimato'syAnAdAnAt prinirvaannm| evaM kramahArA yastatsarvavAraNopAyaM jAnAti sa buddha zAsanavicakSaNa ityucyate // 15 // 191 .. . CSV: yan ji ltar len pa med pa nid hthob ce na dnos po thams cad ran bz'in med pa nid du mthoa ba las so | gal te dnos po rnams mthah yas pa dehi yul can de ji Itar blta bar nus chos gcig kyan yons su ma ses sin / ma spans par sdug bsnal gyis mthar byed pa yan mi srid la || de bz'in du bcom ldan hdas kyis skad cig gcig dan ldan pahi ses rab kyis gan cun zad ses par bya ba dan blta bar bya ba dan mnon sum du bya ba de thams cad mnon sum du brjodi do z'es hdon pa yan yin te dehi phyir hdi lbar byaze na | bsad par bya ste | =papi c| kathaM punarvinavAdAnaM prApmAta iti| sarveSAM bhAvAnAM niHsvbhaavtvdrshnaat| yadi bhAvA anantAH kathaM sa viSayI tAn draSTuM malayAdekamapi dhrmmprijaannprjhd| duHkhenApyantakaraNaM na sambhAvyate / evameva bhagavatekakSaNayA prajayA yadISaj jJAtavyaM draSTavyaM pratyakSIkartavyaM ca tat sarva prtykssmuktmitybhysyte| tasmAdevaM drssttvymiti| ucyate / dnos po gcig gi lta po ganti de ni kun gyi Ita por bsad gcig gi ston nid gan yin pa | de nid kun gyi ston pa nid || 16 ! For gi in a Vx of CSV has gis. In a and b V wrongly reads Ita bo and Ita bor for lta po and lta por respectively in Vxx of CS and CSV. For gan in a he has yan which is also wrong. In d V and Vx of CSV read ston nid do for ston pa nid. V bhavasyaikasya ya drstih saiva sarvasya kathyate ekasya sunyata yasti saiva sarvasya sunyata || 16 || rupam bhrtyavat. 6 rupa atma bhajanavat. 5 vedanatma. vedanavan atma. Tatmiya vedana. vedanayam atma. * Bahjinatma. 10 samjffavan atma. natmiya samjha. 12 samjnayam atma. 18 sarskara atma. 14 samskaravan atma. 15 atmiyah sarskarah. 16 gath. gkaresvatma. 17 vijnanam atma. 18 vjnanavan atma. 1. atmiyam vijnanam. 20 vijnana atma. 1 X illegible except the last letter,

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191] CHAPTER VIII 19 As regards the restoration V takes the words lta po (his Ita bo) in a and b to mean drsti for which in Tib. we have lta ba. As the particle po clearly shows, one should use here drasti (drasta). Fortunately the original karika is found quoted in MV, p. 128, but it escaped the notice of Poussin and V. It is as follows: * bhAvasyai kasya yo draSTA draSTA sarvasya sa smRtH| ekasya zUnyatA yaiva saiva sarvasya zUnyatA // 16 // CSV : gzugs kyi ran bz'in ston pa nid gan yin pa de nid tshor ba la sogs pa phun pornams kyi rai bzin ston pa nid do || de bz'in du mig gi skye mched kyi ran bz'in ston pa gan yin pa nid del nid skye mched bcu gnis car gyi 'yan yin no || de bz'in du mig gi khams kyi ran bz'in ston pa nid gan yin pa de nid khams bco thrgyad car gyi yan no || de bz'in du dnos po dan yul dan dus dan rten gyi dbye ba tha dad cin rab tu dbye ba mthah yas pa ranms las dan po gcig gi3 ran bz'in ston pa nid gan yin de nid dnos po thams cad kyi ran bz'in ston pa nid de || = rUpasya yA svabhAvazUnyatA saiva vedanAdiskandhAnAM svbhaavshuunytaa| evaM cakSurAyatanasya yA svabhAvazUnyatA saiva hAdazAnAmAyatanAnAmapi / evaM cakSurdhAtoryA svabhAvazUnyatA saivASTAdazAnAM dhaatuunaampi| evaM bhAvaviSayakAlAdhArANAM (1) nAnAvidheSvanantaprakAreSu prathamasyaikasya yA svabhAvazUnyavA saiva sarveSAM bhAvAnAM svabhAvazUnyatA // 16 // Cf. je ega jANa se savvaM jaann| je savvaM jANaDa se ega jApara Acarangasutra 1. 3. 4. 1 (PTS, p 17). eko bhAvaH sarvathA yena dRSTaH sarve bhAvAH sarvathA tena dRSTAH / sarve bhAvAH sarvathA yena dRSTA eko bhAva: sarvathA sena dRSTaH // Both the passages are quoted in Syadvadamanjari, Ch. S. S., pp. 4, 112, and Gunaratna's comm. on Saddarsanasamuccaya, BI. p. 222, 1x om. it. * X gnis kyi char yan. 3.xgis.

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CATUHSATAKA [192 192 * CV : hdir smras pa | gal te chos thams cad ston pahi phyir spon bar bya ba yin na | dge slon dag de lta bas na gus par byas te | gus par byas nas byas pahi bsod nams kyi rnam par smin par hdod pas sdug pa dan phans pa dan yid du thon ba so sor myon bar thgyur ro | | z'es bya ba hdi ciui phyir gsuns | hdi ni mi thgal te gan gi phyir || = prvaah| yadi sarve dharmAH zUnyA iti heyaaH| bhikSavastadarzanena chata pAdaraH / kRtvA cAdaraM kRtasya puNyasya vipAkataH kAmana duHkhaM vyasanamiSTaM ca pRthaganubhUyata iti kimityuktm| nedaM virudam / kutaH-- / chos chags de bz'in gsegs rnams kyis | mtho ris hdod pa rnams la gsuns | thar pa hdod rnams la de nid smad gyur gz'an du smos ci dgos || 17 || As the sense requires and is supported by the Vx of CSV here in a it must be kyis and not kyi as V reads with our Vx of CS. In eV wrongly reads thar ba for thar pa. In d for smad Vx of CS, which is here indistiuct, seems to read slad; for smos found in both, Vxx of CS and CSV, V wrongly reads smros and translates by upadisyate. But this cannot be accepted, for smros is the imperative form of smra ba 'to say'; smos is here pf. form of the root smo ba 'to remark,' 'to assert.' For ci dgos found in Vxx of CS and CSV, V reads cin gos, which does not give any sense. Vuktas Tathagatair dharmanuragah svargakanksinam i mumuksunam tathanyatra tattvam evopadisyate || 17 || I should propose the following restoration : ucyate svargakAmebhyo dharme rAgastathAgataiH / tasyaiva mokSakAmebhyo nindAnyana kimucyate // 17 // CV : chos la chags pa ni deui thabs kyi no bo yin pasi phyir gdon mi za bar bya ba nid du | bsod nams dag ni byara hos te bsod nams ma byas nid sdug bsnal bsod nams byas pahi hjig 1 X span. * byed? .

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192] CHAPTER VIII . 21 rten ni hdi dan gz'an du dgah hgyur ro || Z'es sans rgyas bcom ldan udas kyis hdod cin nan hgror hgro bas hjigs pa skye ba dan hjigs pa bsgom pa mi nus pa rnams la gsuns kyi | thar pa udod pa rnams la ni ma yin no || de rnams la nichos la chags pa hkhor bahi btson rahi khan par thchin ba nid yin te gan gi phyir chos kyi rnam grans gzins dan hdra bar kun nas ses pa rnams kyis ni chos rnams spon? bar bya ba yin na | chos ma yin pa dag la ci smos ses gsuns pahi phyir ro || rnam par grol bahi bde ba hdod pa la ni hgah yan chags pa ses par mi thgyur te ! de ni chags pa ma lus pa chad pas thob par bya ba yin pahi phyir ro || ma pham pahi mdo bz in no ||deg de nas hkhor dehi nai nas dge slon mi phiam pa z'es bya ba z'ig yod par hgyur la || des ye ma ma la bdag glin bz'ini dban phyug hkhor los sgyur ba dun du gyur cig ces smon lam btab ste de ni bcom ldan hdas kyis hdi Itar sdug bsnal bzlog par bya bahi phyir | rab tu byun nas sdug bsnal de nid hdod pa khyod ni skyes bu blun pa z'ig go z'es smad pa mdzad doll de bstan nas bcom Idan hdas kyis desi skad cig tsam gyi srid pa mnon par "grub pa yan bsnags par mi mdzad do || de ciui phyir z'e na dge slon dag srid pa mnon par grub pa ni sdug bsnal ba ste 1deg de ni de Itar smad la || = dharme rAgo hi tadupAyasvarUpa ityavazyaM krtvyH| puNyAmi karta yogyaani| prakRtapuNyasya duHkham / kRtapuNyasyAsmilloke paratna caanndH| iti bujhena bhagavatA kAmino durgatigamanena bhaya bhayabhAvanA'samarthebhya uktam / na mokSakAmebhyaH / teSAM dharmakAmaH saMsArakArAbandhanameva / yato dharmaparyAyo nauvt| sarva dharmAH heyaaH| adharmakANAM kimuktamiti kathitamiti / vimuktisukhakAmasya kazcidapi rAgo na jnyaayte| tahi niravazeSarAgacchedanena praapymiti| ajitasUtravat / tatastatparivAramadhye 'jito nAma bhikSurbhaviSyati / sa emama- (?) patizcatuTapezvarazcakravatI zaGkho bhaveyamiti praNidhAnAya smrpitH| sa bhagavataivaM duHkhaM vArayitavyamiti pravrAjya tvaM duHkhameva kAmayase jar3aH puruSo'sIti ninditaH / tada dezayitvA bhagavAMstasya kSaNamAtrasyApi bhavasyAbhisihiM na praashNst| tat kimiti| bhicUNAM bhavAmisibiduHkham / deg sevaM ninditA // 17 //

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CATUHSATAKA [193 193 CV: hdir smras pagal te ston pa nid kyis chags pa log pas sdug bsnal rans pa ldog na de lta na ni ho na sdug bsnal mthah dag ne bar good pahi rgyu nid kyi phyir de kho na mid geig bu ne bar bstan par byaho || de ni de lta ma yin tel de ni. snod kyi khyad par la bltos pahi phyir ro || hdi ltar snod ma yin pa la bstan pasi phyir ston pa nid ni bzah nes pahi zas dan skom la sogs pa ltar phua pasi rgyur hgyur ro | de ni lhag par ma mos pas bcom ldan hdas kyi ston pa nid spon bar hgyur ro || yan na ston pa nid kyi don ni thams cad med pahi don du log par yons su brtags nas log par lta bas nan son du hgro bar hgyur ro || dehi phyir | __=pravAha / yadi zUnyatayA nirastena rAgaNa duHkholAso nivartate tadA samastaduHkhasamupacchedahetutveneka tttvmupdessttvym| ttraivm| bhaajnvishesssthaapekssnnaat| tathA hi| prabhAjanasya zAsanAcchUnyatA dyAhAradoSasya pAnabho jnaadivdnrthheturbhvti| so'nadhikAdhiokSeNa bhagavataH zUnyatAM tyajeda zUnyatArthaM sarvAbhAvArthaM viparyAsena parIkSya viparyastadarzanena durgatiM vA mccht| tsmaat-| bsod nams hdod pas ston pa nid kun tshe brjod par bya min te gnas ma yin par sbyar bahi sman dug tu hgyur ba ma yin nam ||18||. In c for sbyar V has wrongly spyar. In d Vx of CSV du for tu. V sarvada naiva vaktavya puayakamena sunyata ayogayuktam bhaisajyam garalam kim na jayate | 18 || In c gnas ma means asthana and not ayoga as V takes it. I shouid like to modify his restoration as follows: zUnyatA puNyakAmana vaktavyA naiva srvdaa| auSadhaM yuktamasthAne garalaM nanu jAyate // 18 // CV: "dir snid rje can bsod nams hdod cin sems can rnams ries su bzun bar hdod pas ni thog mar sems can yons su ma

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194] CHAPTER VIII 23 smin z'in | dge bahi rtsa ba ma smin pa rnams la ston pa nid brjod par mi bya ste | don med pahi phyir ro || __ = iha kapAlunA puNya kAmAnAM sattvAnAmanugrahecchayA prathama satvAnaparipAcyApakakuzalamUlebhyaH zUnyatA na vtaavyaa| nirarthakatvAt // 18 // In explaining the karika Candrakirtti quotes here the followng verse: blun la ne bar bstan pa ni hkbrug pahi rgyu yin z'i phyir min lag hgro ho ma hthuns pa ni | dug hphel hgyur ba hbah zig go || The original Skt. is well-known : upadezI hi mUrkhANAM prakopAya na zAntaye / payaHpAnaM bhujaGgAnAM kevalaM viSavardhanam // Pancatantra, I. 389. This stanza in the Tib. version with some different readings is included in the Ses rab sdon bu, Calcutta University, 1919, p. 121, No. 239. : 194 1. CV: dehi phyir sems can gyi sems kyi rgyud las su run bar bya baai phyir ches thog ma kho nar hjig rten pahi dros po ji Itar gnas pa bsad par bya ste de la de mkhas pa rnams ston pa nid la bde blag tu thjug pahi phyir ro / de nid kyi phyir | dri bral gos la tshon bz'in du dan por sbyin sogs gtam rnams kyis! sems la legs pa nid bskyed de de nas chos ni bsgom par mdzad || ces gsuns so || don hdi bstan paui phfyir dpe bsad pa / - tasmAt sattvAnAM cittasantAnakarma kartamucitamiti prathamatarameva laukikA bhAvA yathAvasthitA vktvyaaH| tatra te vicakSaNAH zUnyatAyAM sukhena pravartanta iti| tata eva / bhAdau dAnAdikathayA cittasyotpapAdya sAdhutAm / dharmasya bhAvanA'gandhavastraracanavat ktaa||

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24 CATUHSATAKA [195 ityatAm / etdrthprtipaadnaayopmaamaah-| _ji ltar kla klo skad gz'an gyis | bzun bar mi nus de bz in du | hjig rten pa yi ma gtogs par ! hjig rten bzun bar nus ma yin || 19 || In b and d for bzun Vx of CS has gzun. * nAnyayA bhASayA mlecchaH zakyo grAhayituM ythaa| na laukikamRte lokaH zakyo grAhayituM tathA // 19 // CV: dper na kla klo skad gz'an mi ses pa nid kyi phyir ran gi skad kho nas bstan par bya ba yin pa del bz'in du hjig rten yan hjig rten pahi dnos po rnam par bz'ag pasi sgo nas de kho na nid la hjug par nus so || __= yathA mleccho'nyAM bhASAM na jAnAtIti svabhASayaivopadeSTavya evaM loko'pi laukikabhAvavyavasthAhArA tattva praveSTuM shknoti|| ___The karika is quoted in MV, p. 370, and in the Tib. version of MA, p. 120. Cf. Kundakundacarya's Samayaprabhrta (Samayapahuda), Sanatana Jaina-granthamala, 1914, I. 8: jaha Na vi sakkamaNajjo paNajjabhAsaM viNA du gaahedu| taha vohAraNa viNA paramatthuvadesaNamasakaM // . CSV : bAladArakavat // yathA bAladArako nAnyayA bhASayA zakyate boyituM tathA pRthagajano lokaH // 18 // 195 CSV : ata eva lokAvatAro pAyatvAt sadasadAdidezanAnA bhgvtaa-| yod dan med dan yod med dan || gnis ka min z'es kyan bstan te nad kyi dban gis thams cad kyan | sman zes bya bar hgyur min nam || 20 || In b Vx of CSV reads gni ga for gnis ka, and in c ni for kyan. * sadasat sadasacceti nobhayaM ceti kathyate / nanu vyAdhivazAt sarvamauSadhaM nAma jAyate // 20 // xom. it. * Tib. -grabana - (bzun ba) for -avatara-(hjug pa).

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MTL. 195) CHAPTER VIII 25 CVS: Hathtazi anapigau Hugar faaazzi:1 afela kthitm| sarvabhAvAbhinivezaprahANAyAsaditi' kthitm| ubhayAkAradarzanatyAgAya sdsdityaaveditm| sarvAkAraprapaJcocchedAya nobhayamiti prkaashitm| api ca tvameva tAvad vicAraya / 57 aniq naATU ATA Fiua i vyAdhayaH prtividhaatvyaaH| teSAM ca nidAnabhedAdanakamauSadham / naikameva sarvacopayujyate / tAdRzametat // 20 // This karika with the same reading is quoted in MV, 'p. 272. There in c for sarvam the reading is pathyam, but in the Tib. version in all the xylographs examined by Poussin and V including our Vxx we have thams cad which in Skt. is sarvam. Accordingly Poussin reads in his edition of MV sarvam for pathyam. V, however, prefers pathyam and says that 'pathyam donne le sens meilleur et le plus precis.' One cannot agree with him considering what is said in the first half of the karika. The author wants to say that all the things mentioned here, viz. sat, asat, sadasat, and nobhaya, i. e. na-sadasat, are conductive to the good of the disciples (vineyas) according to their different temperaments, for every thing serves as medicine according to different kinds of disease. This is perfectly clear from the foregoing lines of Candrakirtti's commentary which supports the reading sarvam. In his French translation of c and d V has upset the whole argument when he writes : 'Un medicament meme n'est salutaire que selon la maladie, n'est-il pas vrai ?' We are to 'note here specially that both in the original and the Tib. version, the predicate is ausadha, sman. According to him the translation would have been something like the following: selon la maladie la diete sert de la medecine.' 1 Tib. bcom 1dan hdas kyis gdul bya rnams la; HPS oksalanaya sad iti. 2 Tib. thams cad; HPS om. it. 3 Tib. bgah z'ig tu med do=kinein nastiti. * For -yujyate Tib. ma kho ba ni (?).

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CATUHSATAKA [197 196 CSV : AsAM ca sadasadAdidezanAnA'madhyAtmacintA pravRttavAda yaiSA nobhayadezanA sA prmaarthdeshnaa| tasmiMzca paramArthe- / yan dag mthon na gnas mchog la cun zad mthon na bzan hgro stel de dehi phyir nan bdag bsam pa la mkhas pas rtag tu blo gros bskyed || 21 || In 6 V wrongly has bzad for bzan. In c V and Vx of CS de for deti. Ind for pas V with Vx of CS pa. * samyaga dRSTe paraM sthAnaM kiJciddaSTe zubhA gatiH / ' tasmAdadhyAtmacintAyAM kAryA nityaM matibaMdhaiH // 21 // ... CSV : paramArthanAnena khalu samyagdRSTe paramA prApyate paraM sthAna nirvaannm| kiJcid ISad dRSTe zubhA devamanuSyagatirbhavati / yasmAcca sampUrNe jJAnadarzane nirvANaM prApyate asamApte ca zubhA gatistasmAdadhyAtmacintAyAM viduSA nityameva buddhiH kartavyeti // 21 // 197 CSV: evamasyAdhyAtmacintAyAM niyataM phalaM nirvANaM praapyte| atha kutazcit pratyayavaikalyAt de nid ses pas gal te hdir | mya nan hdas pa ma thob kyan | skye ba phyi mar hbad med 'par | nes par thob hgyur las bz'in no || 22 || * iha yadyapi tattvajJo nirvANaM naadhigcchti| prApnotyayatnato'vazyaM punarjanmani karmavat // 22 // Following skye ba phyi mar in c of the Tib. version the original reading in Skt. is suggested to have been parajanmani and 1 Read la for las in Tib. 2 HPS 'cinta'pravro which is not supported by Tib. 8 Tib. de; HPS esa. * Tib. tasyain ca paramarthadesaniyam (don dam pahi bstan pa de yan). Tib. ad. tasmin (de hid). 6 HPS isat kinoit. HPS sampurnajnanao.

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27 198] CHAPTER VIII not punarjanmani in d for which after skye ba one may expect slar du; and follawing also the reading ga'an du for phyi mar in c as found in MA, p. 2, where the karika is quoted, the actual reading should have been anyajanmani=parajanmani. CSV has both punarjanmani (Tib. skye ba phyi mar-parajanmani) and anyajanmani (Tib. skye ba gsz'an du). The karika in its Skt. version is cited in MV, p. 378. CSV : yadyapIha janmani tattvadarzanAbhiyukto virAgAvasAnaM na labhate paramArthajJAnaniSyandA daprayatnAvizyameva punarjanmani sa nirvANaM prApnoti krmvt| yathA nAmaha' kRtasya niyata karmaNaH phalaM yadyapyasmin janmani nAsti tasya tvavazyamevAnyajanmani phalaM bhavati // 22 // 198 CSV : yadyevaM tattvajJAnamasti kimarthaM muktA na dRshynte| dRzyanta eva' ca' kecit| api khlu-| bsam bz'in pa na bya ba ni | kun la grub pa sin tu dkon hdi nahan mya nan hdas med min | sbyor dan grol rnams rned par dkah 23 || In a V and Vx of CS ni for na and na for ni. In c Vx of CSV omits ran after mya, and adds gyi after min. In d V wrongly reads spyor for sbyor. * sarvakAryeSu niSpattizcintyamAnA sudurlbhaa| na ca nAstIha nirvANaM yuktA muktAzca durlabhAH // 23 // CSV : na ca kevalaM nirvANameva durlabham / api khalu sarvArambhA 1ct. MVt 267.2. . Tib. -siddheh (grub pa las) for -nisyandat. s Tib. mohakrtasya (gti mug gis byas pahi) for nameha kri. * Tib. lies par ; HPS niyatsya. * Here Tib. ad. niruddhad bijad anantaram ankurapatrapuspaphaladivat (sa bon bgags ma thag tu myu gu dan lo ma dan me tog dan "bras bu la sogs pa ltar). * Tib. simply kim (cihi phyir). - Not supported by rib. * Tib. mya man las hdas pa kho na dkon pa; HPS deg kevalam viraga evadurlabhadarsanah.

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28 CATUHSATAKA [199 durvseyphlaarmbhaaH| na ca cintaiva phlsaadhikaa| kiM tarhi / hetupratyayasAmagrI smohitphlsaadhikaa| saapytidurlbhaa| tasmAdiha cintayA sarvakAryeSu sudurlabhA nisspttiH| tasmAdiha sugata zAsane yadyapi nirvANaM samohita masti tathApi kalyANamitravirahAda yonizo manaskArA'bhAvAcca yuktAH sudurlabhAH / tato muktA api durlabhA bhvnti| asmAnna zakyaM muktAdarzanAt tattvadarzanAbhAvaH pratipattum // 23 // 199 CSV : kecid bAlA honamAtmAnamanyamAnA notsahante buddhatvaM10 ghttyitum| yadi punAyena ghaTeran labheran buddhatvamavazyam / kathaM punaretada: vasAtaM zakyaM yadevaM cirakAlapravRttasya le zagaNasya kssyo'stiiti| ucyte-| lus la yon ton med thos nas hdod chags yun rin mi gnas te lam de nid kyis thams cad kyan | zad par hgyur ba ma yin nam || 24 || In a Vx of CS has thob for thos. For rin in 6 Vx of CSV reads rins. * zrutvA zarIranaiguNyaM kSaNaM rAgo na tisstthti| . prAptastenaiva mArgeNa sarvasyApi nanu kSayaH / / 24 / __CSV : yatheha cirakAlaM mamatvAbhirakSitasya zarIrasya vicitra gai!2. rupalAlitasyApi vinAzadharmiNokatanjasya naiguNyaM zrutvA paNDitasya tatkSaNaM rAgo na jAyate tathA tenaiva mArgeNa vairAgyajanakena subhAvitena cirakAlapravRttasyApi 1 Tib. hoth kyai (kintu). | Tib. de yan; HPS repeats : hetupratyayasamagri. 3 Tib. cintayam (bsam pa na). Tib. bde bar gsegs pahi; HPS degdihasasane. 5 Tib. hhod pa ; HPS Onirvanam asti. . For virahat (Tib. bral) HPS vaikalyat. Tib. yid la byed pa med las; HPS vikalpabhao. 8 HPS ad. yasmat. . Tib. de kho na nid mthon ba med par; HPSdeg 8darsanat tadabhavah. 10 Tib. sans rgyas nid la ; HPS buddhatvaya. 1 x mion par beas%3; read sruns for beas. 13 Tib. ad. atmana (bdag gis). 13 Tib. hjig pahi chos can du gyur ; HPS viragadharmenakto. 14 Tib. hdod chags dan bral ba skyed par byed pa ; HPS vairagyajanane.

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220] . CHAPTER VIII 29 rAgasya sarvasya vA tyantazo nanu kSayaH prAptaH / tatazca sarvasyaiva bAhyAsyAdhyA tmikasya ca vastunaH svabhAvazUnyatayAsAratvadarzanAn niravazeSarAgAdi kazabandhanacchedAn muktiH // 24 // In 6 Skt. ksanam supported by the commentary: should have been translated into Tib. by skad cig and not by yun rin which means ciram. Undoubtedly the reading ksanam is better than ciram. CSV : atraah| anAdikAlapravRttasyAsya janmasantAnasya kathamanto bhvissytiiti| ucyte-| 200 ji ltar sa bon mthah mthon z.in | de la thog ma yod min ltar de bz'in rgyu ni ma tshan phyir | skye bahan hbyun bar mi hgyur ro || 25 || : rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya ba las slob ma spyod pa ste ' rab tu byed pa brgyad paho || In a for mthah V wrongly has mthar. For tshan after ma in cV and Vx of CS wrongly read tshad, while Vx of CSV has chod which cannot be accepted. * yathA bojasya dRSTo'nto na cAdistasya vidyate / . . ' tathA kAraNavaikalyAjjanmano'pi na sambhavaH // 25 // // yogAcAra catuHzatake zithacaryAprakaraNamaSTamam // ___CSV : yathA nAma cirakAlapravRttasya hetuparamparayA pravartamAnasya bojasantAnasyAnAdimato'nto dRSTo'gnidAhAt tathAnAdikAlapravRttasya janmaparamparayA hetutaH pravartamAnasyA nAdimato'pi vijJAnabojasya janmanaH kAraNavaika 1 Tib. api (kyan) for eva. sadiklesa- from Tib. la sogs pahi lion mons pahi. ; HPS* ragabandhana 3 "tat ksan m rago na jayate." * HPS ad. asya. STib. skye ba%3 HPS om. it. * Tib. om. it. ' Tib. sa bon gyi HPS bijajanmanah.

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CATUHSATAKA [220 lyAt punaH sambhavo naasti| kzApekSaM hi karma janmAkSepta pryaaptm| la zAzca jAnAgnidahane'bhAvamupagacchanti / tadasamartha karma sahAyAbhAvAja janmAkSeptum // 25 // The karika is quoted in MV, p. 220. In the first line of the colophon in Tib, for spyod V wrongly reads spyon. The name of the chapter given in Tib. is slob ma spyod, sisyacarya. The vstti in the Tib. version has slob ma yors su spyod, fisyaparicarya; while in its Skt. version it has acaryaryadeviye bodhisattvayogacare catuhsatake parikarmikaprakaranam astamam. * Tib. unnecessarily ad. yid (citta.). * Tib. fon mons pa dag kyan; HPS te ca klesah. * Tib. ye ses kyi mes bsrag pa la dons po med par se bar hgro ste | HPS jnanateja hspar. bad abhavam gatah * Tib. dehi phyiro mi nus ; HPS tad ayam asamartbah karmasaha.

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CHAPTER IX DNOS PO RTAG PA DGAG PA BSGOM PA BSTAN PA nityArthapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam 201 CSV : samatikrAnta prakaraNajaladhi jalakSobhakSAlita cittasantAnasya tattvAmRtadezanApAtrasya ziSyasyAcAryo'taH paramavaziSTaiH prakaraNairyathAvasthitapadArthatattvAdhigamAya tattvavinizcayamArabdhukAmaH saMskRtasyodayavyayavakhemA saartaamudbhaavybaah-| thams cad nbras buki don skye ba des na rtag yod min deni phyir | thub pa ma gtogs ji ltahi dnos / de bz'in gsegs pa yod ma yin || 1 || In c for ltahi Vx of CSV Itar. * sarva kAryArthamutpanaM tena nityaM na vidyate / tasmAn munimRte nAsti yathA bhAvastathA gataH // 1 // ... CSV : kAryArthA hi pravRttilAke na svaabhaaviko| saMskRtasya ca bhUtabhautikacittacaittalakSya lakSaNAderekasyai kasyodayAbhAvAda yathAsambhava' klaapruupsyaivotyaadH| tasya kalApasya mithaH kAryakAraNAvasthAnAd yasmin sati yadbhavati yadabhAve ca yanna bhavati tat tasya kAraNam itarat kArya miti / pRthivI mantareNa bhUtatrayasyAbhAvAt satyAM ca bhAvAd bhavati kArya prayojanA pRthivyA utpatti rityevaM sarvameva saMskRtaM yathAvat kaaryaarthmutptrm| yacca 1 Tib. anantaratikranta-(thal ma thag pahi); HPS samanukranta. . Tib. rgya mtsho ; HPS om. it. * Tib. gyo bas ; HPS om. it. * HPS -prakyadeg for -ksadeg. 5 Tib. samasta padarthatattvayathavadadhigamaya (dnos po mthah dag gi de fid ji Ita ba bz'in rtogs par bya bahi ched du). * Tib. deghjig pa ldan pa fiid kyis; HPS -vyayatvena'. | Tib. lit. yad yogyam (ci rigs). 8 In X for yin las med read yin lasa med. * Tib skye ba%3 HPS samutdeg. 10 Tib. jilta ba bz'in du ; HPS yathasvam.

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32 CATUHSATAKA [202 kAryArtha mutpanna na tnitym| nityazabdasya svbhaavstysaarvstudrvypryaaytvaat| tadabhAvena niHsvabhAvamasatyamasAramavastvadravyaM saMskRta miti gamyate / ata eva tanmRSA moSadharmakaM yadetat saMskRtamityu vAca shaastaa| etacca vkssymaannyuktyupetm| tanizcityAcArya ' pAha tasmAn munimRte nAsti yathA bhAvastathA gataH // azaikSyakAyavAnomaunayogAn munirbuddho bhgvaan| sa evAnityazUnyatopadezena yathA bhAvAnAM svabhAvastathA gato buhastathAgata ityucyane nAnyo viparItatatvopadezena ythaasthittttvaarthaanbhismbodhaat| yathA coktam / pratItA tathatA yahat pratyutpannApyanAgatA / . sarvadharmAstathA dRSTAstenoktaH sa tathAgataH // iti // 1 // 202 ___CSV: atraahureke| satyaM yat kAryArtha mutpannaM na tan nityaM bhavatIti / ye tUbhayAGgavikalAH padArthAstad yathAkAzAdayo manaHparyantAH / ye'pi caikAGgavikalA padArthAstad yathA pRthivyAdiparamANavaste nityA bhaviSyanti / teSAccAstittvanAstitvAnavagamAn nAviparItadarzI tathAgata iti| teSAM matasyAyuktatAmuddhAvayavAha prAcArya: - / ma brten par ni yod nid med l.. gan z'ig gan na nam du yan | des na nam yan gan z'ig tu! rtag pa hgah yan yod ma yin || 2 || In 6 for du yan Vx of CSV reads gyi tshe. In c V with Vx of CS has du for tu. They read a and b as b and a respectively. 1 Tib. om. yac ca karyartham utpannam and reads simply tasmat (dehi phyir). * Tib. ad . vancanatmakam balalokamohanam (slu bahi bdag nid can dan byis pahi hjig rten hdrid pa yin no ||). . Tib. hdus byas%3 This word is used in Tib. before nihsvabhavadeg3 HPS wrongly asanskrtam. 4 Tib. rtogs so; HPS ganyate. GSee MV, p. 42. . HPS ad. vacanam. Tib. om. kearya. 8 The reading paryantah could not be ascertained by companing our which is very indistinct here.

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33 2031 CHAPTER IX * apratItyAsthitA nAsti kadAcit kasyacit kvacit / na kadAcit kvacit kazcid vidyate tena zAkhataH // 2 // The fragments (HPS, p. 482) contain the whole karika excepting the last word, kvacit, in the first half. It is fully quoted in MV, pp. 397, 505. See MK, XXIV. 19 : apratItya samutpadro dharmaH kazcin na vidyate // CSV : yathAsvaM hetupratyayotpannAnAM sukhAdInAmastitvamupalabhya kathamayamarthApatyA pratItyasamutpabAnAM . nAstitvaM na pratipadyeta / ahatye vAyaM spa TasaraM gaganotpalAdonAmivAsattvaM pratipattum / taccenna pratipadyate niyatamasya taimirikasyeva samAropavataM darzanavaiktamabhi lakSyata ityataH . apratItyAstitA nAsti / sa caiSa nyAyaH kAlavastudezabhedabhinne padArthe sarvatrAvyabhicArItyA ha kadAcit kasyacit kacit / iti| yatazcaiva / na kadAcit kvacit kazcida vidyate tena zAzvataH // pUrvAIna sisyetanigamanam // 2 // 203 ___CSV : atha syaat| sukhAdayastAvat pratItyasamutpannAH santi / teSAM ca smvaayikaarnnmaatmaa| na cAsata: samavAyikAraNatvaM nyAyyamityatastatkAryopalambhAdasti taavdaatmaa| sa caiSa nityaH / sada kaarnntvaat| yadasti na cAsya kAraNamupalabhyate tannityam / sati cAtmani tajjAtIyA api padArthA bhvissyntiiti| atrocyte| syAdeva" yadyAtmaiva syaat| na tvasti / kathaM chatvA / evam--1 1 Tib.om.-svam. Tib, rtoge ; HPS pratipadyeta. * Tib. mnon par bgyur ro ; HPS upalao. HPS om. iti. . Tib. gan na%3; HPS om. it. * Tib. yod la; HPS sadadeg. * Tib. de Itar bgyur ba z'ig go; HPS syus tajjatiyah padartha yady . Tib. om. it. . Tib. om. it. 10 Tib. hdi lter: HPS yaamat. 5 .

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34 CATUHSATAKA ___[204 rgyu med par ni dnos po med | rgyu ldan rtag pa yod ma yin des na rgyu med las grub ni de nid mkhyen pas grub min gsuns || 3 || In a Vx of CS pa for par. In b V and Vx of CS' min pa for ma yin, * na vinA hetunA bhAvo hetumAn nAsti zAkhataH / tenAkAraNataH siddhiH siddhinetyAha tattvavit // 3 // ___ In the fragments (HPS, p. 483) before hetuman nasti sasvatak (b) the following words from the Vritti are carelessly added : hiyate nityatva yasmat. These words with the preceding ones are to be corrected and arranged as in the commentary quoted below : CSV : bhAvaH svabhAva Atmeti paryAyAH / sa vinA hetunA na sambhavati / tathA hi| pareNaivAsyA kAraNa tvamabhyupetam / yabirhetuka tat kharaviSANavan nAstIti siddham / AkAzAdibhirane kAntikateti cet / na teSAmapi tahadevAstitvasya niSidhyamAnatvAt / athaivaM doSaparijihoSayAbhyupetaviruddhamapi hetamattvamaGgokriyate evamapyasya hoyate nitytvm| yasmAda hetumAn nAsti shaashvtH| hetumattvAt mukhAdivadanitya itybhipraayH| yata etadevaM tenAkAraNataH siddhiH sidityAha tatvavit // asyA dezanAyA yathopavarNitopapattyanugamAda viparItArthavit tathAgata eveti siddham // 3 // 204 CSV : atha syAd ghaTasukhAdaH ktakasyArthasyAnityatvamupalabhyArthApattyA'vatakasyAtmAdenityatvaM bhaviSyatIti / etdpyyuktm| yasmAt kRtakasya ghaTasukhA1 After atma Tib. ad. nityo dhruvah (rtag pa dan brtan pa). 2 Tib. Osyakarana vattve'bhyupetekarao (rgyu dan mi ldan pa nid du khas len par byed na rgyu med pa candeg). : Tib. gan z'ig rgyu med pa de ni ; HPS tac ca nirhetukam khao. . Tib. ma yin te3 HPS om. it. * Tib. om. evam. * Tib. mirtag pa yin no%B HPS degnityavad ity abhii. 7 For anugamad Tib. lit. anusambandhat (rjes su hbrel). . HPS ad. evam isyamane.

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35 205] . CHAPTER IX derastitvamupalabhya tahiparyayeNArthApattyA'katakasyAtmAdernAstitvamApatramiti / tadeva pratipAdayavAha -1 mi rtag byas par mthon gyur nas! ma byas gal te rtag na ni byas la yod pa nid mthon nas rtag pa yod nid min par gyur || 4 || In c after byas Vx of CS reads pa for la . In d all hgyur for gyur. * anityaM kRtakaM dRSTvA zAzvato'ktako ydi| Trifat et atferaat vaa: 11811 CSV : na cAvidyamAnasya nityatvaM yujyata' iti nAstyeva nityasya vastuno'stitvam / AkAzakusumavat // 4 // Here as regards the reading of d in the Skt. karikaa V observes that it is 'incomprehensible and then changing the reading as nastitaivastu sasvatah says "je restitute d'apres la version tibetaine, et le contexte la confirme". This cannot be accepted. The original reading is not incomprehensible, nor does the Tib. version mean what V thinks. Let the original reading, nasti tenastu sasvatah, be construed thus : tena sasvato nasti (iti) astu and the meaning will be perfectly clear and quite in accordance with the context and the introducti n of the Commentator. On the contrary, the restoration of V himself is incomprehensible. I cannot understand what he means by nastita eva astu sasvatah, or how it can be construed. It is to be noted that owing to different genders sasvatah cannot be adjective of nastita : Nor can the Tib. version mean what V says. 205 CSV: 470 RICICagfasetfaatatafanfattatatAfa1 Tib. om. tat. * In X read rigs for rig. * Tib. yod pa ma yin pa ni rtag pa nid du rig(s) pa ma yin pas dnos po rtag pa yod pa niid ma yin pa nid te nam khahi me tog bz'in no | For navidyao kusumavat HPS na cavidyamanasya nityatvam napi sad evanityam vastu. * HPS first apratisankhyanio then pratisankhyani,o not supported by Tib. and other works.

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36 CATUHSATAKA [206 dharmazAstrapari paThitAnAmatakAnAM nityatvAstitvenA bhyupagamAdalatakasyAsattva pratipAdanamabhyupetena bAdhyata iti / etadapi naasti| yasmAt -1 mkna la sogs rnams rtag go ces | so soni skye bo dag gis rtog mkhas pa rnams kyis de dag la hjig rten pas kyai don mi mthon || 5 || In a Vx of CSV nam mkah la sogs for mkhah la sogs nams and z'es for ces . In 6 V and Vx of CS rtogs for rtog. In d for mi Vx of CSV ma, and for mthon Vx of CS thon. * AkAzAdIni kalpAnte nityAnoti pRthgjnaiH| laukikenApi teSvarthAn na pazyanti vicakSaNAH // 5 // CSV : rUpAbhAvamAtra evAkAzavyavahArAn na kiJcanAkAzaM nAma vsturuupmsti| rUpAntarAbhAve tu rUpiNAmutpattipratibandhAbhAvAt sa eva rUpAntarAbhAvo bhRzamasyAntaH kAzante bhAvA ityAkAza mityAkhyAtaH / tadasyAvastusato'kiJcanasya nAmadheyamAnopadezavimUr3he yahastutvamAropitaM na tat pramANamiti na tenAsmAkamabhyugamabAdhAcodanaM nyAyyam / ' tathA hi| padArthasvabhAvApaNDitA prAkAzAbhidhAne prayujyamAne laukikenApi jJAnenAbhidheyaM nAma na kiJcit svarUpa'mupalabhante yathA pRthivyAdyabhidhAneSu kAThinyAdikam / kimata padArtha svabhAvajJAnAvasthitA:10 sarva bAhyaM cAdhyAtmikaM ca vastvanupalabhamAnAstasya svarUpamupalapsAnta iti| evamapratisaMkhyAnirodhapratisaMkhyAnirodhayorapi valavyam // 5 // 206 CSV : prvaah| nityamevAkAzaM vibhutvaat| yadanityaM na tad vibhu| 1 Tib. om. pari-. - HPS ad. satam. 3 Tib. clearly nityatvenastitvena ca (rtag pa fiid dan yod pa iiid du). * Tib. degbhavena (med pas). See AKV, 1.5%; p. 15, 11. 19-20. 6 HPS ad. abhidharmasastre vaibhasikair. Tib. om. na tenadeg nyayyam. * Both HPS and Tib. degsvabhavapanditab. . Tib. om. it. 10 Tib. dnos pohi ran bz'in mkhyen pa la gnas sin ; HPS ofanavasthah. 11 Tib. ovam anyasya nirodhad vyasyapi (de bz'in du hgog pa gz'an gnis la yen).

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37 20611 CHAPTER IX tadyathA ghaTa iti| atrocyate / yadyajAtasyAsattvapratipAdanena tadadhikaraNasarvAdheyAsambhavo'pyarthAdupapAditastathApi paramataprasiddhapadArtha varUpavizeSApAkaraNamukhena tanmatasyAyuktAtAmuhibhAvayiSurAkAzasya vibhutvapratiSedhena nityatAmapAkakAma Aha --- / phyogs ses bya ba phyogs can ni | kun la gnas pa ma yin te dehi phyir phyogs can la phyogs ni gz'an yan sin tu gsal bar yod || 6 || In a Vx of CS and V z'es for ses. In c Vx of CSV de for dehi. In d Vx of CSV la for yan ; and Vx of CS ba for bar. * pradezini na sarvasmin pradezo nAma vrtte| tasmAt suvyaktamanyo'pi pradezo'sti pradezini // 6 // CSV : AkAzasya ye'vayavAste'sya prdeshaaH| taiH pradezyAkAzam / tasmin yo'nya saMyogo pradezaH sa tadatirasaMyogini pradeze vrtte| yadi hi vartate tadA tenAbhitradezasyA pi' ghaTasya sarvagatatvaM syAt / na caitadastotyayuktamitat / api ca yadi sarvo'pi pradeza: sarvatra vartate so'pi vyApitvAt' pradezivat pradezAbhidhAnabhAg na syaat| pradezAbhAvAcca pradezino'pyabhAvaH syaat| prathetaddoSaparijihorSayA pradezini sarvasmit pradezo nAma na vartata ityabhimataM tadAvazyaM suvyaktamanyo'pi pradezo'sti prdeshiniitybhyupeym| tatazcAsarvagatapradezavata AkAzasya pradezino ghaTAdivada vibhutvmvhoyet| na ca parasparavyatibhitra pradezamAtra vyatirekeNa pradezo nAma kazcidupalabhyata iti kuto'syAsiddha"sattAkasya nityatvamiti na nityamAkAzam // 6 // 1 Tib. degpratipadanartham (degbstan pahi don gyis). * For pradesi Tib. avayavi (cha sas can ); HPS pradesasya. For akabasya ye kasam Tib. akasam hy akasasya ye'vayavas tair avayavir avayavi (nam mkhah ni nam mkhahi cha bas gan dag yin pa de dag gis cha sas can du hgyur la). 3 Tib.ghata-(bum pa) for anyar. * Tib. dehi ched du (x dan) = tan nimittam ; according to Skt. it would have been debi htshe. 5 Tib. om. tena. * Tib. degdesad (yul tha mi dad pahi phyir). ' In Tib. api after ghataya. . Tib. phyoge thams cad kyan; HPS yadi prade so'pi sarvatrao. * Tib. vyapipradesaivat (khyab pa yin pahiphyoge can be in du). 10 Tib. phan tehun tha dad pahi phyogsdeg; HPS parasparavyatideg. 11 For -asiddha- Tib. -siddha- (grub pa).

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38 CATUHSATAKA [207 207 CSV : kAlavAdI tu mnyte| kAlakatI jagatpravRttyupasaMhArAvupalabhya kaalsdbhaavo'numiiyte| tathA hi| satsapi bojAdiSu pratyayeSu na sarvadAGgurAderadaya uplbhyte| atha kadAcidevopalabhyate / tadavasthAnavirodhikAlasannidhAne ca nivrtte| tadevam -- / gan zig yod na dios po la | hjug dan Idog pahan dmigs par hgyur | de ni gz'an gyi dban hgyur te | des na hbras bur yan hgyur ro || 7 || In c V with Vx of CS gyur for hgyur. * yasmin bhAve pravRttizca nivRtticoplbhyte| The second half is thus restored by V: ____anyayattas ca so'py asti karyam tenaiva vidyate ||7|| It is not clear, nor does it give the sense of the Tib. text. One may, therefore, suggest the following: anyAyatto bhavatyeSa kAryastena ca jAyate // 7 // CSV having read the first half of the karika runs : sa tathAnumitaH kAlo nAmAsti / tasya ca sato'pi kaarnnaanuplmmaabitytvmiti| nanu caivaM sati nityatvAt kAlasya tadAyattodayAnAmaGkarAdInAM sadaivAtpAdaH prApnoti / atha sato'pi kadAcit kAyakriyAsUparata vyApAratAaiti kalpAta / evamapi saivaasyaasttvmaapaadyissyti| atha sato'pi bojAdivat 'vRttiyogyAtmAtizayAsammukhIbhAvAn nAsti sarvadA kaarymiti| evamapi . eu Dy V: 1 Tib. -Ba. . Tib. sa b" mbhavah (srid par) for -sad bhavah. : HPS ad. na on la sogs ; HPS bijaksitisalilajvlanapavanakhyegu. * For -uparata- Reconstrued fro.. (Tib. log, in the sense of ldog); HPS -upanata. m Tib. : hbras bu yod pa ma yin no z'e na de ltar na yan sa bon la sogs pa rnams ltar dehi irun bahi bdag nid kyi khyad par de re hgah ba nid yin pasi phyir mi rtag par bgyur la de yaar. cihi phyir thams cad kyi tshe mi hdod ci ste kyon las pa de ni mine na thamayan sayos cad kyi tshe yod pa ma yin no snam du sems na de lta na yan rkyen yod na yod pahi phylosir dan I med na med pahi phyir dan byun nas kyan pahi phyir des par de ni g. Ba'an gvi dban hgyur te debi bjug pa dan ldog pa gan ad le mae las pa de la rag las pahi phyir de gz'an la ragas hid kyi khyad para mi hdod ci ste skyer de Ita na yan

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3g 208] CHAPTER IX bojAdivad tadyogyAtmAtizayaH sa kadAcideva bhavatIti na nityH| so'pi kutaH sarvadA neSyate / atha pratyayAntarAyattasya tasyAsavidhAne sarvadA na bhavatIti / evamapi pratyayasya bhAve bhAvAdabhAve cAbhAvAd bhUtvA punanai bhavatIti nanam anyAyatto bhavatyeSaH / tasya pravRttinivRttizca yadAyattA tadAyattatvAt so'nyAyatto bhavati / tasmAdamurAdivat kAryatvaM nAtikAmatIti pratipAdayan tena kAryazca jAyate // ityaah| kAryabhUtazcAGgurAdivadanitya eva] // 7 // See Chapter XI. 208 CSV: gz'an yan dus rgyur smra bas hgro ba hjug pa la dus rgyuhi dnos por rtog pa na de na phyini nbras bu nid du khas blans par hgyur ro || ji ltar byas nas ses na gan gi phyir- || = anyacca / kAlahetuvAdinA jagatpravRttau kAlasya hetubhAvakalpanAyAM : pazcAt tasya phltvmevaabhyupgmyet| kathaM vatveti / ysmaat-| hbras bu med par rgyu la ni rgyu nid yod pa ma yin tel de yi phir na rgyu rnams kun hbras bu nid du thal bar hgyur || 8 || In c Vx of CSV rgyuho cog (X chog) for rgyu rnams kun. V na karyena vina hetor hetutvam yena vidyate _hetanam eva sarvesam karyata tat prasajyate || 8 || It is not idiomatic to write karya-hetu. One should write either karya-karana (see MK, XIV. 2) or hetu-phala (Op. cit, XX. 2-6, 8-16). In the second half eva after hetunam is not necessary, nor is it supported by any text. The following may, therefore, he suggested : par bgyur ro II dehi phyir myu gu la sogs pa ltar hbras bu hid las mi hdaho z'es bstan pahi phyir | des na hbras bur ya, hgyur rol z'es bya bar smros te hbras bur gyur pa ni myu gu la sogs pa bz'in du mi rtag pa kho nar hgyur ro||

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20 CATUHSATAKA (208 vinA phalena yatohetubhAvo na vidyte| hetUnAM tena sarveSAM phalabhAvaH prasanyate // 8 // CVS: ci yan mi byed pa la rgyu nid mi srid paui phyir hdir rgyu z'es bya bahi dnos po ran gz'an gyis ci yan yod pa ma yin pas don hbras bu hbyun baui rgyu can gyi nid du hgyur ba na ji ltar ran gi nbras bul hbras buki nid du mi thgyur || hbras bu nid yin na yan myu gu la sogs pa ltar hdi rtag pa nid du lta ga la hgyur || deni phyir de ltar na rgyu dan hbras bu dnos po rnam par gnas pa med pasi phyir gni ga yan ran gi no bos grub pas yod pa ma yin no || ci ste ubras bu z'es bya ba ni rgyu byun nas hbyun ba yin te hdi Itar sa bon yod na myu gu hbyun gi | myu gu yod na sa bon ni ma yin te , desi phyir rgyu la hbras bu nid yod pa ma yin nam snam na hdi yan yod pa ma yin te | gan gi phyir sa bon gyi min can gyi dnos po gan yin pa de myu gu skye bahi sna rol tu yons su rtog pa na rnam par rtog pa gz'an gsum pa med pasi phyir rgyur gyur pa ham rgyu ma yin par gyur pa z'ig rtog gran | de la re z'ig me la sogs pa Itar rgyu ma yin par hgyur ba las ni hdi skye bar ma rigs so || rgyu nid kyan Ibras bu skyes pas mtshon pa .z'ig stel des na hbras bu skye bahi sna rol tu mi srid do I ci ste hbras bu skye baui bya baui rjes su hgro ba med par yan cun z'ig hbras bu nid du rtogs na ni desi tshe thams cad thams cad kyi hbras bu nid du gyur na hdi ni de ltar yan ma yin te dehi phyir rgyu med pa can nid du thal baui phyir rgyu ni hbras bu skye ba la ma bskos pa dan las grub pa yod pa ma yin no || dehi phyir na rgyuho cog hbras bu nid du thal bar hgyur z'es bya ba kho na ma thob med do | effe i aferine get a watate Cala 7 afra padArthaH skhetarostIti phalArthodayasya hetutve na kathaM khasyaiva phalatvam / phalatve cArAdivadasya nityatvadRSTiH kuto bhvet| tasmAdevaM hetuphalavyavasthAbhAvAda iyamapi svarUpaNa na sidhyti| 1 Here this hbras bu seems to be unnecesary,

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41 209) CHAPTER IX atha phalaM nAma hetu tvA bhaavH| tathA hi bojasadbhAve'Ggaro bhavati / na tvaGkarasadbhAve biijm| tasmAtra hetoH phltvmiti| etadapi na bhavati / yasmAd yo bIjAkhyo bhAvastasyAGgurotpatteH prAk parikalpanAyAmanyasya vatIyasya vikalpasyAbhAvAvetubhUto vAhetubhUto vA klpaat| tatra tAvadagnyAdivadahetubhUtAdasyotpattirna yujyte| hetureva ca phalaM jAyata iti prdyte| tena phalaM prAgutpatterna smbhvti| prathotpatyamAnasya phalasya vinApyanvayaM kiJcit phltvprtiitiH| tadA savai sarvasya phalaM bhavedityevamapIdaM na bhavati / tasmAdahetutvaprApteH hetuH phalotpAdana sthApyate na ca karmasiddhirbhavati / tasmAItUnAM sarveSAM phalabhAva: prasanyate iti na khalu na labhyate // 8 // 209 CSV : gal te dus smra ba rnams kyi bar (?) na dus hdi hgro ba sna tshogs kyi rgyur thgyur na ni deni tshe des nes par snar gyi gnas skabs las tha dad pani no bo can gyi rnam par hgyur ba hbras bu skye ba la phan hdogs pa nid du hgyur bar bya dgos te hdi ltar thjig rten na i __ = yadi kAlavAdinI...kAlo'sya vicitrasya jagataH kAraNaM tadA tena niyataM pUrvAvasthAto nAnArUpeNa vikAraNa kAryasyotpattAvupakAraH kartavyaH / tathA hi loke - / * rgyu ni rnam par hgyur ba na | gz'an gyi rgyu ru hgyur ba ste IV says that this karika is cited in MA, p. 150. But the fact is not so. Tho karika quoted there from B z' i brgya pa (C$) runs thus : hbras bu med par rgyu yi ni rgyu nid yod pa ma yin pa ! de yi phyir na hbras bu kun rgyu nid du ni thal bar hgyur II It may be translated thus : vina phalena yad dhetor hetubhavo na vidyate | . . phalanam tena sarvesam hetubhavah prasajyate || Poussin translates it (Le Muse' on, 1910, p. 657): "En l'absence d'effeft la qualita' de cause de la cause n'existe pas; par consequent tout effet sera necessairement cause." Is the karika found in our CS' changed by Candrakirtti in his MA ? 6

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CATUHSATAKA [209 gan la rnam par hgyut yod pa de ni rtag ces byar yod mih || 9 || V hetus ced viksto'nyasya karanam jayate nanu | vikaro yasya bhavati sasvatah sa na yujyate || 9 | There is nothing in the Tib. text for V's nanu in b and yujyate in d of his restoration. . The original Skt. of a and b is found in the following line quoted in CSV, 201, and preserved in the fragments (HPS, p. 481) : kAraNaM vikvatiM gacchajjAyate'nyasya kAraNam / .. . And c and d may be translated as follows : vikkatirjAyate yasya zAkhatamiti taba hi // // CSV : sa bon z'es bya ba rtsa bahirgyu, gan yin pa de ni ran nid rnam par hgyur bar gyur pa na myu guli rgyu nid du hgyur te. | siar gyi gnas skabs ma gtoi bar ni ma yin no || de ltar gal te hgro ba sna tshogs dus kyis byas par hgyur na ni desi tshe dus kyaA 'es par thbras bu bskyed pa la thag rin gnas pahi gnas skabs sna ma, spor z'id rnam par hgyur bahi gnas skabs hbras bu hbyun ba dan mthun par thgyur bar bya dgos pa | dehi phyir sa bon Itar mi rtag pa nid do || z'es bsad pa ni gan la rnam par hgyur yod pa | .. .de ni rtag ces byar yod min || IP -bojamiti yan mUlakAraNaM tat svayaM vikRti gacchadagurasya kAraNaM bhavati na pUrvAvasthAyA aprityaage| tathA hi| yadi vicitra jagat kAlakataM syAt tadA kAlo'pi niyataM kAryotpAdane pUrvI dUrasthA(?)mavasthAM tyajan vikatAvasthaH kAryotpAdAnurUyo bhavet / tasmAda bojavadanitva evetyucyane vikRtirjAyate yasya zAkhatamiti taba hi|| One 1 The corresponding Tib. version as found there runs rgyu ni rgyu ru bgyur ba na gz'an gyi rgyu ru bgyur ba ste But it does not give the sama sense as we have in the Tib, and Skt. versions. may translate it thusi. .... ... karanam karanam syac cej jayate'nyasya karanam | Evidently here in a in the Tib. text we should read rnam par for rygu ru. X btan.

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210) - CHAPTER IX 210 CSV: ci ste mi hgyur na ni deni tshe hdini rgyuhi dnos por yons su rtog pa don med pa hbah z'ig tu mdzadi kyi | deui rgyu can du hdod pahi hbras bu yan rgyu med pa can skye bar hgyur ro | z'es bsad pa atha na bhavet tadAsya haitubhAvaparikalpanA kevalaM nirarthakameva kriyate / sa tumattve neSTaM phalamapyahetukaM jAyata ityacyate - rtag pa gan gi rgyu yin pahi | dnos de ma byun ba las skye | ran nid hbyun bar gyur de la rgyu ni ldog par hgyur ba ste || 10 || In 6 V wrongly reads med for de. In c Vx of CSV byun for hbyun, and log for Idog in d. V sasvatam karanam yasyabhavo'bhavad bhavisyati svata evodbhavas tasya hetus caivan nirthakah || 10 || V's restoration does not seem to be right, nor is there any thing in the Tib. text for his evan nirathakah in d. The following may be proposed : Allan HITT JE Hasar e guai svayamevodbhavastasya kAraNaM vinivartate // 10 // CSV having read the first two lines of the karika runs : sa bon rnam par hgyur ba las skyes pahi myu gu ni sa bon las gz'an nid du mi srid pahi phyir dan sa bon gyi rjes su byed pahi phyir dan | Ihan cig mi gnas paui phyir gz'an nid skyes so snam du.... mi bya ste mi hdra ba lhan cig gnas pa rnams la rgyu nid mi srid paai phyir dan | dus rtag paui phyir rgyu la hbras bu las gz'an nid yod do || de nid kyi phyir mi hdra ba dan lhan cig gnas pa yan yod de hbras bu skyes kyan dus rnam par mi hgyur bahi phyir ro || dehi phyir nbras bu gan z'ig dus las skyes pa de ni ma byun ba las byun ba z'ig stergyu dan rkyen la bltos pa med par hgyur z'in ran nid hbyun no . z'es 1 X mzad or ma zad. It is with reference to the preceding karika. * Here in X four letters could not be read.

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44 CATUHSATAKA [211 bya bahi don to || rgyu dan rkyen la rag las te hbyun ba ham hbras bu ni ma byun ba las hbyun no || Z'es bya bar mi rigs te || de la bdag nid thams cad kyisi ma byun ba las byun ba med pahi phyir ro|| gan la bdag nid thams cad kyis yod pa mi srid pa de ni bon buhi rwa la sogs pa bz'in du rgyu dan rkyen dag gis bskyed parmi nus so || dehi phyir rgyuhi chos las hdas paui rtag pa dnos po gan gi rgyur hdod pahi dnos po de ma byun ba las skyes pa | hdi ni rgyu med pa can kho nar skye ste ran hid kho na hbyun io | zes bya bahi don to || de ltar yin dan | yan hdi la rgyu yons su rtog pa don med pas ci z'ig bya z'es bsad pa ran nid byun bar gyur de la rgyu ni ldog par hgyur ba ste | run nid grub pahi phyir hgro ba hdi la rgyu dus ses bya ba dgos pa med par hgyur te | dehi phyir rgyuhi rgyu nid mi run no || -vikatAda bojAbjAto'Gkaro bojAnyatvAsambhavAd bIjAnuvidhAyitvAt sahAnavasthAnAccAnya eva jAta iti na mantavyam / asadRzAnAM ca sahAvasthitAnAM hetutvAsambhavAt kAlasya nityatvAJca hetoH phlaadnytvm| tasmAdevAsadRzena sahAvasthAnamapi bhavati / jAte'pi phale kaalsyaavikaaraat| tasmAd yat phalaM kAlAjjAtaM tadabhUtvA jaayte| hetupratyayAvanapekSamANaM svayamevodbhavatItyarthaH / hetupratyayAyatta udbhave vA phalamabhUtvodbhavatIti nedaM yujyte| tatra na sarvAmanAbhUtvA bhaavo'bhaavaat| yasya sarvAtmanA bhAvo na sambhavati tat kharaviSANavad hetupratyayAbhyAM janayituM na shkyte| tasmAtudharmAtIto nityo bhAvo yasya heturiSTaH sa bhAvo'bhUtvA jaayte| eSa nirhetuko jAyate / khayamevodbhavatItyarthaH / evaM cAsya kiM nirarthayA hetutvakalpa nayetyucyate svayamevodbhavastasya kAraNaM vinivartate // khayameva siddharasya jagato hetuH kAla iti nisspyojnm| pato heto.tutvamayuktam // 10 // 211 CSV : hdi las kyan mi rui ste | hdi ltar | -itvaayuktm| tathA hi-| 1xkyi.

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212] CHAPTER IX 45 dnos po rtag pa las skyes pa | ci lta bur na mi rtag hgyur | nam yan rgyu dan "bras bu gnis mtshan nid mi mthun mthon ma yin || 11 || In b Vx of CSV ji for ci V bhavah sasvatato jatah so'nityo jayate katham | vailaksanyam dvayor hetuphalayor naiva drsyate || 11 || In this restoration Tib. nam yan, Skt. jatu, kadacit, in c is left out untranslated. Moreover, as the word sasvata for rtag in Tib. is used in a it would have been better to have used it also in b with the negative a, i.e. asasvata ; or nitya and anitya respectively in those two lines. I should like to render the karika as follows: utpannaH zAzvatAda bhAvAt kathamazAzvato bhavet / vailakSaNyaM hayorhetuphalayorjAtu nekSyate // 11 // CSV: hjig rten na ni sa bon mi rtag pa kho na la hbras bu myu gu z'es bya ba mi rtag pa hbyun bar grags kyi || rtag pa hgah z'ig las mi rtag pa cun zad cig hbyun no | z'es bya ba ni ma yin na | dus ni rtag la deni nbras bu ni mi rtag pas ji ltar de grub par hgyur || ji ltar hjig rten du nam yan rgyu dan hbras bu gnis | mtshan nid mi mthun mthon ma yin || * * = loke ghanityasyeva baujasya phalamakuro nAmAnityo jAyata iti prsiddhm| kutazcibityAt kiJcidanityaM bhavatIti na bhavati cettasya nityasya kAlasya phalamanityamiti tat kathaM sidhyet| yathA loke vailakSaNyaM yorhetuphalayorjAtu necyate // 11 // 212 CSV: dehi phyir de ltar dus smra ba bkag pa yin dan | rdul phra rab smra ba ni sa la sogs pahi rdul phra rab rtag cin ma mthon bas bskul ba yon tan dan Idan pahi grogs can rdul phra rab gnis pa la sogs paui rim gyis yan lag can gyil rdzas rtsom par byed pa rnams kyis hgro ba sna tshogs skyed par byed do 1 X gyis.

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CATUJSATAKA [212 sfiam du sems so || desi lugs kyan mi rigs pa nid du brjod pasi phyir bsad pa = tasmAdevaM kAlavAdI niSidaH / paramANuvAdI tu manyate nityAnAM praviNyAdiparamANU nAmadarthanenopadiSTaguNavatsasargihANu kAdikrameNAvayavidravyAraatiyAbhirvicitraM jagajjAyata iti| tanmatamapi na yujyata evetyudbhAvayannAha - gan gi phyogs hgah rgyu yin z'in ! phyogs hgah rgyu ma yin des na de ni sna tshogs hgyur na go || sna tshogs rtag par mi rigs so || 12 || In b Vx of CSV inserts pa between yin and des, and reads des for de in c. V and Vx of CS ga la rigs for mi rigs so in d. V pradeso yasya hetuh syad ahetur api kascana | bhinnatvad bhinnadesatvam nityata yujyate katham || 12 || V's bhinnatvad bhinnadesatvam nityata cannot be defended ; nor are here translated by him des na (b) and de ni (c). I should like to propose the following: hetuH kazcana dezaH syAd yasyAhetuzca kazcana / , sa tena jAyate nAnA nAnA nityo na yujyate // 12 // CSV: yan lag can thams cad rdul phra rab rtsam du thal ba span bar hdod pas rgyu la yod pahi zlum pa nid gan yin pa de hbras bu la yod pa ma yin no || z'es bya bar gdon mi za bar khas blan bar byaho || gan gi phyir hdi de Itar yin pa des na rdul phra Tab mnams la bdag nid thams cad kyi sbyor bar mi hthad do | gan gi tshe rdul phra rab rnams la bdag nid kyi thams cad kyi sbyor ba yod pa ma yin pa deni tshe deni cha gan gis rdul phra rab rdul phra rab gz'an dan sbyor bahi cha de rgyu yin z'in gan gis mi sbyor ba de rgyu ma yin no || de ltar na ni gan gi' phyogs hgah rgyu yin z'in | phyogs hgah rgyu ma yin pa de ni du mahi bo bo yin pahi phyir sna tshogs pa z'ig go 1 dehi phyir ri mo be'in rtag pa ma yin no || z'es betan phyir bsad pa ni sna tshogs rtag par mi rigs so || 1 X gis.

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213] CHAPTER IX z'es byaho | = sarvasyAvayavinaH paramANumAtratvaprAptiparijihoyA hetubatti yat pArimANDalya tat phalavRtti na bhavatItyavazyaM graahym| yasmAdetadevaM tasmAt paramANuSu sarvAtmanA yogo noppdyte| yadA paramANuSu sarvAtmanA yogo na bhavati tadA tamya yenAMzena paramANoH paramANvantareNa yogaH so'zo hetuH| yena na yogaH sa na hetuH| tathA sati yasya kazciddezo hetuH kazciddezo na hetuH sa naanaasvruuptvaabaanaa| tasmAJcitravadanitya iti pratipAdayavAha nAnA nityo na yujyate // iti // 12 // 213 CSV: ci ste rdul phra rab rnams la cha sas byed paui phyir phyogs phyogs dan mi sbyor ba kho na yin gyi | thams cad bdag nid thams cad kyis? sbyor bar ni hgyur te deui phyir phrad pahi mtshan nid can ldan pa yod la phyogs dan Idan pa nid kyan ma yin no snam na | hdi la bsad par bya ste = atha paramANuSvavayavakaraNAt pradezasya pradezanAyoga ev| sarvAtmanA tu sarvasya yogaH syAt / tasmAt sNyoglkssnnvttvmsti| pradezavatvaM tu naastiiti| patrocyate / rgyu yi zlum po gan yin pa i de ni hbras bu la yod min des na bdag nid kun sbyor ba|| rdul phran rnams la mi sthad do || 13 ||| In a V and Vx of CS ni for yi, and Vx of CSV bu for po. In c V wrongly spyor for sbyor. V vitto yo vidyate hetuh sa phalaya na kalpate ___ananam tena samyogah svasmin naivopapadyate || 13 || As regards the restoration one can hardly follow it. I may propose the following : . haitoryat pArimANDa lyaM phale tatraiva vidyte| yoga: sarvAtmanA tasmAdaNUNAM nopapadyate // 13 // ix kyi

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CATUHSATAKA [214 CSV: rgyu dan zlum po nid dan phyogs med pa z'es bya ba ni rdul phra rab rdzas kyi mtshan nid do gal te rdul phra rab bdag nid thams cad kyis rdul phra rab gz'an dan sbyor z'in phyogs kyis ma yin na ni deni tshe rgyu sterdul phra rab la yod pahi zlum po gan yin pa de hbras bu rdul phran gnis pa la sogs pa la yan thal bar hgyur te deui phyir yan lag can thams cad rdul phra rab tsam nid yin paui phyir dban po las hdas pa nid du hgyur na de dag ni rdul phra rab tsam nid ma yin no ll: des na rdul phra rab rnams bdag nid thams cad kyis sbyor mi hthad do || ____ hetutvaM pArimANDakhyamapradezatvaM ceti paramANu dravyasya lkssnnm| yadi paramANuH sarvAtmanA paramAkhantaraNa yujyate na pradezena tadA hetuH| paramANuvRtti yat pArimANDalyaM tat phale hANukAdAvapi prsjyte| tena sarveSAmavayavinAM paramANamAtratvAdatIndriyatvaM bhvti| na tu teSAM paramANu maatrtvm| tena paramANU nAM sarvAtmanA yogo nopapadyate // 13 // Cf. Sankara on the Vedantasutra II 2. 12: saMyogavANorakhantareNa sarvAtmanA vA syAdekadezena vA / sarvAtmanA cedupacayAnupapatteraNumAtratvaprasaGgo dRSTaviparyayazca / and the widely quoted karika of Vasubandhu 'from his Vimsatikarika (ed. Levi), 12: SaTkaina yugapada yogAt paramANoH SaDaMzatA / teSAmapyekadezatve piNDaH syAdaNumAtrakaH // . 214 CSV: yan gan gi tshe rdul phra rab gz'an dan bdag nid thams cad kyis mi sbyor ba deni tshell =api ca yadA paramAkhantareNa sarvAtmanA na yogastadA rdul phran gcig gi gnas gan yin | de nigzan gyi yan mi hdod | de phyir rgyu dan hbras bu gnis | bon tshod mnam par hdod ma yin || 14 || In a Vx of CSV gis for gi ; and Vx of Co khan for gan. In b Vx of cs phyir for gyi. In d V bod tshod for bon tshod, but

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215] CHAPTER IX 49 the former does not give any sense, nor is it noticed by him, his restoration having omitted its meaning altogether. There are two phrases, bon chod and bon tshod, both in the same sense. V anor ekasya yat sthanam tad evanyasya nesyate! ubhayor hetuphalyor yaugapadyam na cesyate || 14 || In the Tib. text there is nothing of yaugapadya in V's restoration. I may suggest the following: aNorakasya yat sthAnaM tadanyasyApi neSyate / tad dayorhetuphalayoH saMsthAna neSyate samam // 14 // CSV: dehi phyir de Itar rdul phra rab rdul phra rab gz'an dan bdag nid thams cad kyisi sbyor ba med pahi yan lag can gyi rdzas rnams dban po las hdas pa nid du ma gyur ro || rdul phra rab phyogs dan Idan pa nid ni gyo ba med la | phyogs dan Idan pa nid kyi phyir yan hdi sna tshogs po nid yin te | desi phyir rtag pa nid ma yin no | zes bya bar gnas so || = tasmAdevaM paramANU nAM paramANvantareNa sarvAtmanA'saMyuktAnAmavayavinA TravyANAM naatiindriytvm| . akSobhyaJca pradezavatvaM prmaannoH| pradezavattvAcAsya naanaatvm| tasmAn na nitya iti sthitam // 14 // 215 CSV: Thdir thbras buhi rdzas rtsom pahi dus na nes pa hdod hgyur gyis | hbras bu rtsoma pani sna rol gyi gnas skabs su rdul phra rab rnams la cha sas med pahi phyir ji skad smras pahi skyon de thal ba med do | zes bya ho | gnas skabs der yan sar la sogs pahi phyogs cha hdi bya ba yod do || deni tshe nes par | ____ =iha phaladravyArambhakAle doSa iSTaH / phalArambhapUrvAvasthAyAM tu paramANUnA niravayavatvAd yathoktadoSaprAptyabhAva iti / tasyAmapyavasthAyAM pUrvAdipradezAMzo'yaM kaaryH| tadA nnm| gan la sar gyi phyogs yod pa et de la sar gyi cha yan yod | 1xkyi. * X tsam. . X gyis.

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50 CATUHSATAKA [216 gan gis rdul la phyogs yod pa des rdul rdul phran min par bsnad || 15 || In c all gi for gis. In d V adds na after des and omits par after min. V purvo yasya pradesah syat purvamsas tasya vidyate , anor yena pradesah syat tenanur ananur bhavet || 15 || V has not translated the word bsnad in d. I should like to modify his restoration as below : yasya pUrvaH pradezo'sti pUrvo'zastasya vidyte| aNoryena pradezo'sti tenANurnANurucyate // 15 // Here having read the first two lines of the karika the CSV runs: desi phyir hdi phyogs dan Idan pahi phyir bum pa la sogs pa bz'in du rdul phra rab nid du mi hgyur ro | z'es bsad pa * gan gi rdul la phyos yod pa des rdul rdul phran min par bsnad || - = tasmAdasya pradezavatvena ghaTAdivat paramANatvaM na bhavatItyucyate paNoryena pradezo'sti tenANu Nurucyate // 15 // 216 CSV: gal te rdul phra rab cha sas med par gyur na ni de la hgro ba med pas rdul phra rab gz'an dan sbyor ba med pa yin dan | yan lag can gyi rdzas rtsom par byed pa nid du mi hgyur ro || hdi ltar hgro bahi dus na lus dan ldan pahi don gyis ! =paramANuzcebiravayavaH syAt tasya gatyabhAvena paramANvantareNa saMyogo na syaat| na ca syAdavayavidravyArambha ev| tathA hi| gamanakAle dehyartham / mdun gyis len z'in rgyab kyis ni| gton bar hgyur na de dag gnis | gan la yod pa ma yin pa de ni hgro por yan mi hgyur || 16 || In a V wrongly cid, and Vx of CS cin for z'in. In b V and Vx of cs gyur for hgyur. Vx of CSV la for pa after yin in c Soin to come in V and

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217] CHAPTER IX 51 and la for ni in d. The reading ni is, however, supported by CSV. In the same line V wrongly bor for por. V purvagrahe'paro duram gacched yadi, tayor dvayoh | ___satta. kapi na vidyeta janmano'pi na sambhavah 16 / / As regards V's restoration I cannot follow him in any way. The whole thought of the original Tib. seems to have been changed here. The French translation is also not in accordance with his Skt. I may offer the following: grahaNaM pUrvabhAgeNa pazcAdbhAgana vrjnm| tad hayaM naiva yasyAsti sa gantA'pi na jAyate // 16 // CSV : lus dan ldan zigi hgro ba mion du phyogs pahi don gyis phyogs kyi snon phyogs gnon z'in | rgyab kyi phyogs kyi rgyab phyogs gton ba las hgro ba pohi sgro ba po nid ne bar rtog pa z'ig na cha med pahi phyir rdul phra rab gan la mdun dan rgyab ki yan lag gis len pa dan gton ba nid med pa de ni hgro ba por mi hgyur la | de med pas hbras bu rtsom par byed pa nid med pahi phyir rdul phra rab dnos po yod par smra bar mi rigs so || = gamanAbhimukhadehyartha dezasya pUrvaH pradezaH podyate pazcAdezasya pazcAbadezava tyjyte| tena gnturgntRtvmupprekssyte| anaMzatvAd yasya paramANoragrimaNa pazcimana cAvayavena grahaNaM varjanaM ca nAsti sa na gntaa| tadabhAvAt kAryArambha eva na bhavatIti paramANuvastvastIti vaktaM na yujyate // 16 // CSV: hdir smras pa | gala te rdul phra rab med na ni hdi rnal hbyor pa rnams kyis dmigs par mi hgyur ba z'ig na hdi ni rnal hbyor pa rnams kyis..mthon bas dmigs? pa yan yin no || dehi phyir rdul phra rab rtag pa yod do || bsad par bya ste | -- atraah| yadi paramANorabhAvo nAyaM yogibhiruplbhyet| upalabhyate tvayaM yogibhirdrshnen| tasmAt prmaannunityH| ucyate - / ... 217 gan la dan po yod min z'in | gan z'ig la dkyil yod min la 1xzin. * The X is very indistinct here,

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52 CATUHSATAKA (218 gan la tha ma yod min pa ! mnon med de ni gan gis mthon | 17 || In b Vx of CSV na for la. In c Vx of CSV ma yin for min pa. Vyasyadir naiva bhavati madhyam yasya na vidyate antas ca yasya na bhavet kenavyaktah sa drsyate || 17 || I should like to modify it : Adina vidyate yasya yasya madhyaM na vidyate / vidyate na ca yasyAntaH so'vyatAH kena dRzyate // 1 // CSV: cha sas med pahi rdul phra rab la mdun dan bar dan rgyab kyi cha yod pa ma yin te deni phyir mnon par med do || mnon pa ni gsal ba dan bzun bar bya ba nid dan blta bar by.a? ..ces pahi don te de med pahi phyirmnon par med do || blta bar bya ba ma yin pa ni sus kyan blta bar bya ba nus pa yan ma yin pa | hdi rnal hbyor pa rnams kyis dmigs par los pa ma yin no deui phyir rdul phra rab rtag pa med do 11deg =wagage qtartaruinit: 7 NT: 1 C2#: 1 27: spaSTo grAhyo dRzya ityrthH| sa na bhvtiityvyktH| dRzyo na bhavati kenApi draSTuM na shkyte| yogibhirpyuplbdhumymyogyH| tasmAt paramANuna fact: 112012 218 CSV: hdir smras pa rdul phra rab rnams ni rtag pa kho na ste | rags pa thbyuna ba la* sa bon gyi no bor ne bar hgro baui phyir ro | gal te de rnams med na ni rags pa rnams sa bon med par hbyun bar hgyur ro || hdi ltar gan las bskal pa dan por rags pa rnams hbyun bar hgyur ba hjig pasi dus na yan lag can gyi rdzas thams cad hthor z'in rdul phra rab tsam z'ig lus pa na rags pa rnams srid pa yod pa ma yin no Il yan gan dag gal te gnas skabs der rags bz'in du rdul phra rab rnams kyan med par "gyur 1.1 Here our X is very indistinct. 2 See MK with MV, XI. 2; Mand uky a kari ka, IV. 31; Bhagvatapurana, XI. 28.2; Yoga vosis tha, III. 11. 13; Acarargasutra, 1.4.4 (PTS p. 20); Nyayo pade e a, 14. * x byun. . X las.

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218] CHAPTER IX 53 na ni deni tshe rags pa rnams rgyu med par hbyun bar hgyur to | dehi phyir yan lag can gyi rdzas kyi rgyu rdul phra rab rnams yod pa kho na yin la || de rnams kyan rtag pa z'ig ste | yod la gryu dan mi ldan pa nid kyi phyir ro || de yan mi rigs te gan gi phyir -- 1 =avAha / paramANavo nityA eva / sthU lAnAmudbhavasya bojasvabhAvAnugamAt / yadi te na syurbIjamantareNa sthUlAnAmudbhavo bhvet| tathA hi| kutaH prathame kalpe sthU laanaamudbhvH| pralayakAle hi sarvANyavayavidravyANi vizIya mANazarIrANi / na sthU lAnAM smbhvH| yadi tasyAmavasthAyAM sthU lavat paramANavo'pi na syastadA hetumantareNa sthUlAmAmudbhavaH syAt / tasmAdavayavidravyasya hetubhUtAH paramANavaH santyeva / te ca nityAH / sato'hetumattvAt / tadapi na yujyate / kutH-| hbras bu yis ni rgyu bz'ig pa des na rgyu ni rtag ma yin yan na gan na rgyu yod pa de na hbras bu yod ma yin || 18 || Here according to V in the Tib. text the reading in a begins with hbras bu yi (genitive). This is found also in our Vx of CS. But as the sense requires and the Vx of CSV has it and is supported by CSV itself and the Chinese the true reading must be hbras bu yis (instrumental). See karika 352 (=XV. 2) of which a is identical with a of the present karika, the reading of the former being : hbras bu yis ni rgyu bz'ig pa. In the same line, i.e. a, V with Vxx of CS and CSV has wrongly boig for bz'ig after rgyu. The same mistake occurs also in V's edition in karika 352a. In d Vx of CS has rgyu yod pa for yod ma yin while that of the CSV reads yod ma yi. Both of them are evidently wrong. * V hetor vinasah karyena tena hetur na sasvatah | atha hetur bhavati yah sa karyam naiva jayate || 18 || Here gan na in cand de na in d are taken by V as nominatives, Skt. yah and sah respectively. This cannot be done. They must be taken in the locative case, as the particle na in both the places clearly shows. V's translation of the second half (i.e. c and d) is also objectionable, and his two versions, Skt.

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54 CATUHSATAKA [219 and French, do not agree with each other. The following may, therefore, be suggested : 78: @a ugawa aa aaa: 1. yasmiMzca vidyate hetuH phalaM tasminna vidyate // 18 // CSV: gal te rdul phra rab rnams rgyu nid du gyur na sa bon gyis myu gu bz'in du de rnams rdul phra rab gnis la sogs pa yan lag can gyi rdzas kyis hjig par hgyur ro || dehi phyir nbras bu de la lhan cig mi gnas pahi phyir na rdul phra rab rnams sa bon Itar mi rtag par hgyur ro 11deg gan gi tshe de Itar rgyu nid mi srid pa deni tshe rdul phra rab rtag par brtags pa don med pas ci z'ig dgos te | deui phyir rdul phra rab rtag pa rnams med dp 11 =paramANavazceda heturIva syurakhureNa bojavat' te ghnnukaadibhirvyvidrvyvinshyeyuH| tasmAt tasmin phale sahAnavasthAnAt paramANavo bojavan na nityAH / yadaivaM hetutvaM na sambhavati tadA paramANanAM nityatvaparIkSA nirartheti kiM [taiH] pryojnm| tasmAt paramANaSo na nityAH // 18 // 219 CSV: hdi las kyanrdul phra rab rnams trag pa ma yin te | gan gi phyir =gatsfa utarat a facet: i fia: -- thogs ldan dnos po rtag pa ni gan duhan snan ba ma yin te des na nam yan sans rgyas rnams | rdul phran rtag pa nid mi gsun || 19 || In 6 Vx of CSV du for duhan and V wrongly pa for ba. In d V gsuns for gsun. V samyogi sasvato bhavo yena drsto na vidyate sasvatatvam anos tena jatu buddhair na kathyate | 19 | In the above restoration of V gan duhan in b is left out untranslated. I should like to modify the restoration as below: 1 According to Tib. lit. bijenankuravat. :X kyis.

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219] CHAPTER IX 55 saMzleSI zAkhato bhAvo na kasmibapi dRzyate / ACTATEA Att ga ava 1182.11 CSV: hdi na rdul phra rab la rdul phra rab gz'an gyis bdag nid thams cad kyis hjug pa med pahi phyir rdul phra rab thogs pa dan bcas pa nid yin la thogs pahi bum pa nid la sogs pa ltar rtarg pa nid du yan mi rigs te dehi phyir rdul phra rab rtag pa nid med do I gan gi phyir rtag pa nid yod pa ma yin pa ! des na nam yan sans rgyas rnams! rdul phran rtag pa nid mi gsun 11deg deui phyir ji ltar bye brag pa rnams kyi Itar bde bar gsegs pa rams la rdzas kyi rdul phra rab ces bya ba yod pa ma yin no || deni phyir de bz'in gsegs pa rnams kyis2 yan rdul phra rab rtag pa nid ston par mi mdzad do 1) ran nid kyis de ltar ma gzigs pasi phyir rollo hdi Itar deni skye ba dan gnas pa dan bgag pa rnams rim gyis dan cig car med pahi phyir mi thjug la / skye ba la sogs pa dari bral ba la ni yod pa nid rigs pa yan ma yin no | deni phyir hjig rten pahi dnos po rnams ni thjig rten las hdas pa la yons su mthon bahi rnam par dpyad pa ma bcug par thjig rten na ji ltar yin pa de Itar khas blans par bya z'in | ji ltar rnam par ses pa hjig rten pa yin pa de ltar rdul phra rab kyan yin pas hais rigs pa bcug na rdul phra rab gsal bar mi nus te deui rig pa la hjig rten dan lun gi gnod pas gnod paui phyirro || de Itar rdul phra rub tu smra ba bkag pa dan | deg - iha paramANo paramANvantaraM sarvAtmanA na vartata iti paramANoH saMzleSitve saMzleSiNAM ghaTAnAmiva nityatvamapi na yujyte| tasmAt paramANorna nityatvam / yena na nityatvaM waanga HiT gfa aria no Jane ahaiTAT hwarai zuia utaryGafafa afferi tasmAt tathAgatairapi paramANonityatvapratipAdanaM na chatam / svayameva tthaa'drshnaat| 1 Add here pa dan bcas. X nas.

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56 CATUHSATAKA [220. evaM tasyotpattisthitinirodhAH krameNa yogapadyena ca na bhavantIti na vrtnte| utpattyAdivirahe ca sattvamapi na yujyte| tasmAllaukikA bhAvA lokottaraparidarzanavicArApraviSTA loke yathA bhavanti tathAbhyupagantavyAH / yathA vijJAnaM laukikaM tathA paramANurapoti nyAyAvatAra'pi paramANuH prakAzayituM na shkyte| tajJA bhUnasya lokAgamavirodhena viruddhtvaat| evaM niSiddhaH paramANuvAdaH // 18 // 220 CSV: kha cig dag sans rgyas rnams rdul phra rab dag rtag pa nid du mi gsun ba hdi ni bden mod kyi gan z'ig rtag pa nid du gsuns pa de ni rtag par gyur cin yod pa yin te ji skad du bcom ldan hdas kyis dge slon dag ma skyes pa dan ma byun ba dan | hdus ma byas pa de ni yod do|zes gsuns la || chos hdus ma byas pa rnams ni rtag go | zes kyan gsuns so ||deg deui phyir mya nan las hdus pa z'es bya ba rtag pa de yod do || gal te de yod par ma gyur na ni sdug bsnal dan kun hbyun gi bden pahi hjug thogs su hphags pahi bden pa gsum pa z'es bya bar ston par yan mi hgyur ba z'ig na ' ne bar bstan pa yan yin tel dehi phyir de yod do || hdi la bsad par bya ste ___ = [atra] kecit| buddhaiH paramANU nAM nityatvaM noktam / idaM satyameva / yasya tu nityatvamukta tannityameva / yathA bhagavatA-asti bhikSavastadajAtamabhUtamasaMskRtam-ityu to'saMsthAtadharmA nityA ityapyuktam / tasmAn nirvANaM nAma tnitym| na ceda duHkhasatyasya samudayasatyasya ca pravRttikSepa TatoyAryasatyasya zAsanamapi na bhavatIti bhvtyupdeshH| tasmAt tadasti / atrocyate chin dan bcin dan thabs las gz'an thar pa gal te yod na ni de las ci han mi skye ste | des na de thar zes mi.brjod || 20 || 1 See U dana, VIII. 3 : atthi bhikkhave ajatam abhutam asamkhatam. * The main point is that there is nothing nitya 'permanent.' To estblish this truth paramanus which are regarded as eternal are refuted. Here the opponent says that when one admits nirvana which must be eternal one cannot hold that there is nothing eternal. The author gives his reply in the following karika.

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220] CHAPTER IX 57 * In a for bein found in Vx of CSV and the Vstti throughout Vx of CS and V bcins, Skt. baddha, supported by the Chinese reading 80 chuan. In b V thar ba for thar pa repeating the mistake throughout his edition. In d Vx of CSV omits a'es when the karika is quoted for the second time. V baddhasya bandhanopayad nirvanam yadi bhidyate | ajatam tad atas tena nirvanam iti nocyate || 20 || V himself says that his Skt. version has not given him complete satisfaction and the Chinese version is also obscure. There is much deference here between the Chinese and the Tib. versions. The only point whcih I want to note is that in a the reding bcins, baddha, though supported by the Chinese as said above, could not be accepted by me following the commentator, Candrakirtti, as we shall see presently. So far as the first half is concerned V's Skt. version does not agree even with his own French translation. Skt. bandhano paya which can hardly be taken from the Tib. text, can in no way mean des moyens de deliverance.' Before giving my own translation I should like to discuss a little as to how the Tib. word thar pa or thar is to be translated into Skt. V translates it (b and d) by nirvana. This is not right. In Tib. nirvana is invariably mya nan las hdas pa, or mya nan hdas pa, or mya van hdas, or more shortly myan hdas; while for moksa one sees in Tib. thar pa or thar. Even in the same karika these two are distinguished. For intance, MK, XXV. II with both the versions, Skt. and Tib, may be quoted here. I cannot, therefore, agree with V in restoring also the karika 244 where in 6 he writes nirurti for thar pal. The case is the same also with his restoration of the karika 222. I may propose the following: upAyAd bandhanAd bandhyAdanyo mokSo bhaveda ydi| . na tasmAjjAyate kiJcin mokSaH sa iti nocyate // 20 // 1 For details see the karika. 8

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58 CATUHSATAKA (220 CSV: de la hchin ba ni kun hbyun gi bden paho hchin bar bya ba la ran dban med par byed pas hchin bar hgyur ba nid kyi phyir ro || bcin ba ni sdug bsnal gyi bden pa ste | non mons pahi gz'an gyi dban yin pahi phyir ro || de ldog paui thabs ni lam gyi bden pa ste | de non mons pa ldog par byed pahi phyir ro || schin ba dan bcin bar bya ba med par ni schin bahi bya ba mi srid pas hchin ba dan bcin bar bya ba dag gi yod pa nid ni de yod paui rgyu can yin no || de bz'in du bzlog par bya ba dan zlog par byed pa med par ni zlog par yod par mi hgyur z'in de yod pa las bzlog par bya ba dan | zlog par byed pa gnis yod pa nid do | de la bzlog par bya ba ni kun nas non mons pa yin la zlog par byed pa ni lam ste mun pa la sgron me bz'in no 11 ji ltar bden pa gsum po hdi kun nas non mons pa dan de las log pa lam' dpags pahi yod pa nid yin pa de Itar non mons pa zad pani mtshan nid can gyi thar pa ni ma yin te gan gi phyir de las cun zad kyan hbyun ba med do I hchin ba dan thar pa gnis char (?) la yan yan lag gi no bor ne bar mi son bahi phyir roll gal te hdi hgah z'ig tu ne bar sbyor ba nid du hgyur na ni deni tshe hdi hbras bu des dpags pahi yod pa nid du hgyur na hdi ni de ltar yan ma yin te deni phyir hdi la yod pa nid med-do | ci ste thar pa ni grol baho snam na de ltar na yan hdi grol bar gyur pa las don gz'an ma yin te de ltar ma yin na de de dan hbrel ba med pa nid pa nid dan ci yan mi byed pa nid du hgyur ro || dehi phyir hdi thar par brjod pa mi rigs te . des na de thara z'es mi brjodlo dehi phyir non mons pa dan skye ba mi hbyun ba de byas so || z'es bya bar brtag par mi rigs so || dnos po rgyu dan rkyen gyi tshogs pa las hbyun ba rnams ni med pahi phyir sa bon tshi gu? las myu gu la sogs pa Itar nam yan skye bar mi hgyur te | dehi phyir deni don du don gz'an brtag pa chos mi legs so || bden pa gsum pahi sgra brjod par bya ba nid kyan mi hgal te |non mons pa dan skye ba gnis slar mi hbyun ba tsam z'ig bden 1 X las. . X adds pa aftor it. * X chig pa or tshig pa.

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220] CHAPTER IX 69 pa gsum pahi sgra brjod par bya ba yin pahi phyir ro || dnos po med par gyur pa la grans kyis yons su bgran ba yod pa ma yin pa yan ma yin te bcom ldan hdas kyis dge slon dag Ina po hdi dag ni min tsam ste | khas cher pa tsam tha snad tsam kun rdzob tsam ste hdi Ita ste | hdas pahi dus dan ma hons pahi dus dan | nmkhah dan | mya nan las hdas pa dan | gan zag go z'es bya ba de lta bu la sogs pa gsuns pahi pahyir ro || = tatra bandhanaM samudayasatyam / bandhyasyAsvatantrIkaraNana bandhanaM bhavatIti / badhya duHkhasatyam / klezasya prtntrtvaat| tavivartaka upAyo mArgasatyam / ke shnivrtktvaat| bandhana bandhyaM ca vinA bandhanakAyeM na sambhAvyata iti bandhyabandhanayorastitvaM tadastitvasya hetuH| tathA nivatvaM nivartaka ca vinA nivRttinaM bhvti| tatsattvAn nivayaM nivartakayoH sattvam / tatra nivartyaH sngkhshH| nivartako maargH| tamasi dIpavat / yathA satyanayamidaM sajhe zatatrivartakamArgAnumita(?) sattvamasti tathA lazakSayalakSaNo mokSo naasti| yatastasmAt kiJcinmAnamapi na jaayte| bndhmokssyorpyvyvsvbhaavaanupgttvaat| syAccedasya kutracidupayogastadA tena phalenAnumita(?)masya satvaM syAt / na cedamevamasti / tasmAnAsya sattvam / atha mokSo muktiriti mnyte| tathApyeSa muktibhUtatvena bhArthAntara bhavati / evamasati tasminnaiva tena smbndhH| na ca kiJcit kriyte| tasmAdayaM mokSoM vaktana yujyte| tena mokSaH sa iti nocyate // deg tasmAjjAtile zayoranudbhavastakRta iti tat parIkSitaM yuktam / hetupatyaya sAmagrAivAnAM bhAvAnAmabhAvAd bIjAsthito'GgurAdivat kadApi jAtina bhavati / tasmAt tadarthamarthAntaraparIkSAdharmo na zreyAn / TatIyasatya vAcyatvamapi na viruddham / jAtila zayoH punaranudbhavamAtrasya tauyazabdavAcyatvAt / na cAbhAvabhUtasya saMkhyayA na parisaGghAna bhavati / uktaM hi bhagavatA-paJcamAni bhikSavo nAmamAtra pratijJAmAna vyavahAramAtra 1x hches. Referring toduhkhanirodha.

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60 CATUHSATAKA [221 saMkRtimAtram / tadyathAtIto'dhvAnAgato'dhvAkAzo nirvANaM pulazcetyAdi // 20 // 221 mya han hoas la phun po nams | yod min gan zag srid ma yin | gan du mya nan hdas gyur pa ma mthon der myan hdas gan z'ig || 21 || In c V ba for pa. skandha na santi nirvane pudgalasya bhavo na ca ! yena drstam na nirvanam nirvanam tena kim bhavet || 21 ||Grammatically gan du in c and der in d cannot be translated by yena and tena respectively, as V has done. He says that his Skt. rendering is determined according to the Chinese version. But I think it is not so. I should like to translate the karika as follows: skandhAH santi na nirvANe pulasya na sambhavaH / yatra dRSTaM na nirvANaM nirvANaM tatra kiM bhavet / 21 // CSV: gz'an yan bcom Idan hdas kyis hdi skad du gan sdug bsnal hdi ma lus par rab tu spans sin | spans pa bsal ba(?) | zad pa hdod chags dan bral ba hgag pa ne bar z'i ba | nub pa sdug bsnal gz'an yan nid mtshams mi sbyor ba dan ne bar mi len pa hdi ni z'i ba gya nom pa ste | hdi Ita ste | phun po kun spans pa srid pa zad pa hdod chags dan bral ba | hgag pa mya nan las hdas paho | z'es gsuns te lun hdi las na rnam pa thams cad du | mya nan hdas la phun po rnams yod min ! gan zag srid ma yin || gal te mya nan las hdas pa la phun po rnams yod cin | gan zag kyan yod na ni deni tshe de dag yod pahi phyir mya nan las hdas par gyur pa dmigs pa dan mdo dan hgal ba dan mya nan las hdas pa hkhor ba las mi hdah bar hgyur ro | 1 This passage is quoted by Gunaratna in his commentary on the Sad dar sa nasamuccaya, Bib. Ind., 1905, pp. 46-47 reading samjna for nama-, katamani pannca for tad yatha, and sahetuko viaasah for nirvanm. 2 In explaining the karika in his note Tucci has quoted the following sloka from the LA, III. 70, p. 186: bandhya bandhananirmukta upayais ca vivarjitah | tirthya moksam vikalpenti na ca mokso hi vidyate | See MK with MV, XVI. 4-8.

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221] CHAPTER IX 61 dehi phyir mya nan las hdas pa de la mya nan las hdas par gyur pa hgah yan ma dmigs so || dehi phyir | gan du mya nan hdas gyur pa ma mathon der myan hdas gan z'ig !! mya na n las hdas pa ni mya nan las hdas pa ste | de yan dnos pohi no bo yin pahi phyir rten la rag las so hdini rten yan mya nan las hdas par gyur pa yin la ll de yan phun po rnams sam gan zag gin na || de med pas rten med par hgyur te / phyogs de las mya nan las hdas pa gan z'ig yin par hgyur || rnam pa gcig tu yan mga nan las hdas pa dnos po bden par smra bahi mya nan las hdas pa rtog pa na rten du gyur pa z'ig gam | brten par gyur pa z'ig rtog gran || de la rez'ig rten du gyur pa ni mi run stendi ltar mya han hoas la phun po nams | yod min gan zag srid ma yin || de dag med pas gan du mya nan las hdas par hgyur ba ligah z'ig kyan ma dmigs pa der mya nan las hdus pa gan z'ig tu hgyur || de Itar na rez'ig mya nan las hdas pa rten du gyur pa ni srid do | gan yan du brten? par gvur pa yin pa der yan nes pa de nid yin te gan gi phyir ! mya han das la phui po nams | yod min gan zag srid ma yin ! gan du mya nan hdas gyur pa ma mthon der myan hdas gan z'ig || rten med pahi brten pa mi srid pahi mya nan las hdas pa gan z'ig hgyur | yod pa ma yin pa la ni rtag pa nid rig pa ma yin pas dnos po rtag pa rnams yod pa ma yin no !! = anycc| uktamevaM bhagavatA-yaduHkhaM niravazeSamidaM prahoNam / kSayo virAgo nirodha upazamo'staduHkhamayuktAnyasandhika nirupAdAnamidaM zAntaM praNotamiti / evaM-sarvaskandhaprahANaM bhavakSayo virAgo nirodho nirvANamiti / asmAdAgamAt sarvathA nirvANe skandhA na bhavanti / 1 x du ma rten. 2 Cf. Suttanipa ta, 225 : khayam viragam. Sandhi joint,' cf. tisandhi of blavacakka, Sammohn vinodini, pp. 190.-191. Samyutta nik aya, I. 136 : santo panito, 5 Op. cit. I. 136.

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[222 CATUHSATAKA na ca sambhavati puhalaH / yadi nirvANe skandhAH syuH punalo'pi syAt / tadA teSAM sattvAn nirvANopalambhe sUtravirodho nirvANaM ca saMsArAnatItaM syAt / tasmAt tasmin nirvANe nirvANabhUtaM kiJcidapi noplbhyte| tasmAda yatra dRSTaM na nirvANaM nirvANaM tatra kiM bhvet|| nirvANaM hi nivRtiH| tacca bhaavruuptvaadaadhaaraayttm| AdhArazcAsya nirvaannbhuutH| sa ca skandhA vA puhalo vaa| tadabhAve caadhaaraabhaavH| tatpa nirvANaM kiM bhavet / ekarUpeNa ca nirvANapadArthasya satyatvavAdinA parikalpAmAnaM nirvANamAdhArabhUtamAdhayabhUtaM vA priklpaate| tatra tAvadAdhArabhUtaM na yuktAm / tathA hi skandhA santi na nirvANa puhalasya na sambhavaH / tayorabhAvana yatra nirvANaM jAyate na tu kiJcidupalabhyate kiM tatra nirvANaM bhavet / tathA ca nirvANaM tAvannAdhArabhUtaM smbhvti| yatra punarAdheyabhUtaM tatrApi sa eva dossH| yataH ___ skandhAH santi na nivANe puhalasya na sambhavaH / yatra dRSTaM na nivANaM nivANaM tatra kiM bhavet // nirAdhArasyAdheyasyAbhAvAn nivANaM kiM bhvet| asati ca na jJAyate nityatvamiti na santi nityA bhAvAH // 21 // 222 CSV: grans can pa rnams ni yon tan dan skyes bu tha dad par ses pa las chen po la sogs pahi hjug paui rim pa log pas rnam par hgyur bahi tshogs rnam pa thams cad du z'i bas thar pahi gnas skabs na skyes bu ses pa yod pa nid gnas pahi phyir bdag grol ba yod pa yin dan | ji skad brjod pahi nes pa spans pas thar par rtog par byed do | de dag gi de yan | =sAGkhyA hi guNapuruSabhedajJAnAn mahadAdipravRttiviparItakramaNa vikRtisamUhAnAM sarvathA zAntyA mokSAvasthAyAM puruSasya jJAnAvasthAnAdAtmano muktiryathoktadoSaprahANena ca mokSo bhavatIti kalpayanti / teSAM ttraapi-| srid dan bral la thar paui tshe | ses yod yon tan ci z'ig yod | ses med pa yi yod pa yan ! gsal bar yod pa min dan mtshuns || 22 ||

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222] CHAPTER IX 63 In a V bahi for pahi. In d it is better to read med for min; for dan V with Vx of CS de. V nirvanam yad bhavabhave tada jnanena ko gunah | ajnanasya hi yo bhavah sa vyaktam nastitasamah || 22 || I should like to offer the following: graa Alana Eic Hagia et hit ga: 1 sattve'jJAnasya ca vyaktaM syAt sattvaM nAstitAsamam // 22 // As regards V's rendering of yod pa min dan mtshuns in d by nastitasama cf. nastitatulya in the karika 242c which is rendered into Tib. by med dan mtshuns. One may, however, use here nirabhasasama agreeing with the Chinese as Tucci has shown in his Italian translation. CSV : srid dan bral la thar pahi tshe! ses yod yon tan ci z'ig yod || grol bar gyur pahi skyes bu la ni thar pahi gnas skabs na ses pa yod pa nid yod par brtag par mi rigs so de dag gi lta na blos lhag par z'en pahi don la skyes bus ses par byed cin | ses pa yod pa nid kyan mehi tsha ba nid ji lta ba bz'in du dehi ran gi no bo z'es bya bar mnon par hdod la de yan yul ji ltar bstan pa yons su gcod pahi bdag nid can yin no |ran bz'in yul ne bar lons spyod pahi hdod pa rig cin skyes bu dan tha mi dad par rtogs nas rim gyis dban poui tshogs hbyun ba na skyes buhi yul ne bar lons spyod pahi rgyu yin nol gan gi tshe yul ne bar lons spyod pahi skyes bu hdod pa log pa deni tshe de la srid pa ldog go || srid pa ni hdod pa la nit | srid pa dan bral ba de la ni ses pa yod pa nid kyis non tan hgah yod pa yan ma yin no || des ni dehi tshe don hgah yan lag par mi myon ste | rnam par hgyur bahi tshogs rgyu dan hbras buhi bdag nid can mthah dag rab tu z'i bar hgyur bahi phyir rol lehi phyir grol bahi bdag la thar pa ses pa yod pa nid mi rigs so I ho na ni deni tshe skyes bu ses pa yod pa ma yin par hgyur a riga go z'e na | de ltar na yan | 1 After this there is one letter more which could not be read in X. * X rag.

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64 CATUHSATAKA [223 ses med pa yi yod pa yan | gsal bar yod pa min dan mtshuns pa ma yin nam || ses pa yod pa las tha dad med pahi ran gi no bo can gyi skyes bu la ses pa yod pa nid med na ses pa med pa la gan z'ig bden pa yod par brtags pa de ni ches gsal bar yod pa ma yin pa mo gsam gyi bu la sogs pa dan hdra ba z'ig go !! = jJAnena mokSakAle syAd bhavahInasya ko guNaH / muktabhUtasya puruSasya mokSAvasthAyAM jJAnAstitvaM kalpayituna yuktam / teSAM hi darzane puruSo buddhyAdhyavasAyArtha jaanaati| jJAna'mapyagneruSNatvavat tatsurUpamityabhISTam / tadapi yathopadarzitaviSayaparicchedasvabhAvakam / prakRtihiM viSayasambhogakAmAja jJAt puruSAdabhedena pratIte: krameNendriyasamUhodbhadhai puruSasya vissyopsmbhoghetubhvti| yadA viSayopasambhogakAmaH puruSasya nivartate tadA bhavo nivrtte| bhava iSTe (?) tasya bhavahInasya jJAnasadbhAvena na kazcidapi guNaH / tena tadA na ko'dhyarthaH samyaganubhUyate / hetuphalAtmakasya vikArasamUhasya sarvataH prshaanttvaat| tasmAn na muktAsyAtmano mokSajJAna yujyte| atha tadA puruSasya jJAnaM nAstIti jaayte| evamapi sattve'jJAnasya ca vyaktI syAt sattvaM nAstitAsamam / itIdaM kiM na syAt / jJAnabhAvAdabhinna svabhAvasya puruSasya jJAnanAstitve'jJAnasya yat sattvaM kalpAte tad vyaktataraM vandhyAputrAdivavAsti // 22 // 223 CSV: ci ste grol bahi gnas skabs can ses pa yod pa nid kyi nus pa yod pahi phyir bdag yod do snam du sems na hdi yan snin po med pa zig ste | gan giphyir | ___ =atha mokSAvasthAyAM jJAnAstitvazaktimattvAdAtmA vidyata iti manyate / idamaNyasAram / kutH-| thar pa bdag cig yod na ni ses yod sa bon srid pa yod Lit. jnanasattvam api. . Tib. gives satyam (bden pa). It seems that the mistake is due either to the wrong reading satyam for sattvam in the Skt. MS. used by the Tib. translator, or to his misreading the word.

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66 224] CHAPTER IX de med na ni srid pa la | bsam pahan yod pa ma yin no || 23 || In a Vx of CSV gcig for cig. In b V worngly reads yons po na for yod sa bon. In d he has pa han for pahan omitting no at the end. atmaiva yadi nirvanam jnanam purnam bhavo bhavet tadabhave hi samsare bhavanapi na vidyate || 23 || V's restoration can in no way be accepted. I may offer the following: prAtmA yadi bhaven mokSe jJAnabojasya sambhavaH / tadabhAvo yadi bhavabhAvanApi na vidyate // 22 // CSV : gal te grol bahi gnas skabs su bdag brtag par nus na ni deni tshe bdag yod dan dehi rten can ses pa yod pa nid kyis nus pa yod par hgyur ba z'ig na de ni ses pa yod pa nid kyi ran gi no bo can yin pa nid kyi phyir de med par yod pa ma yin pas rten med pasi nus pa yan mi srid do 11deg gan gi tshe rten med pas de dag rnam pa thams cad du yod pa ma yin pa deni tshe. de med na ni srid pa lai bsam pahan yod pa ma yin no n' ' = yadi muktyavasthAyAmAmA pratyetuM zakyata tadAtmanaH sakhena tadAcitadhAnasatvena ca shktirbhvet| sA ca jJAnAstitvasvarUpaiti tadabhAva na bhavatIti nirAzrayA zaktina sambhavati // deg yadAzrayAbhAvena te sarvathA na vidyate tadA tadabhAvo yadi bhavabhAvanApi na vidyate // 23 // 224 _CSV : myu gu la sogs pahi nus pahi rten sa bon tshig par gyur na myu gu la sogs pahi rgyun mi hjug pa bz'in du rnam pa thams cad du bdag gi rgyun tsam z'ig kyan mi thjug pas thar * par rigs so || gan gi phyir hdi de ltar yin pa dehi phyir | praGkarAdizaktyAtraye bIje dagdhabhUte'GkarAdisantAnApravRttivadAtmano'pi santAnamAvasya sarvathApravRttyA mokSo yuktaH / yasmAdetadevaM tsmaat-| jhiniatitva and taochakti. . 9

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CATUHSATAKA (224 sdug bsnal las thar mi rnams la gz'an ni yod pa min par nes de phyir rnam pa kun tuhan bdag | zad pa legs z'es bya bar brjod || 24 || In b for ni Vx of CSV las. V naresu duhkhamuktenu paro nama na vidyate sarvathatmaksayas tena sreyan ityabhidhiyate || 24 || In c in Skt. atmaksayas is evidently misprint for atmaksayas. Here Tib. nes at the end of b is left out untranslated. It. could be translated by Skt. niscita, dhruva, etc. and adverbially also by nunam. The word para in the masculine gender in the same line is for Tib. gz'an. But V's own trnslation in French is not in accordance with it, for he takes there the word in the sense of frien', and in that case the word para should have been put in the neuter gender. Accordingly I may change the translation as follows : nRSu duHkhAda vimukteSu nUnamanyanna vidyte| zreyAnAtmakSayastasmAtsarvathApIti kathyate // 24 // CSV: sdug bsnal las grol ba ni sdug bsnal yan mi hbyun ba yin no sdug bsnal yan skye ba dan hgag paui chos can gyi hdu byed las dan non mons pas bskyed pa rnams yin la de rnams la brten nas kyan gan zag tu hdogs te de ni bdag yin no || sdug bsnal hgags na ni de dan grub pa dan bde ba gcig pahi ne bar len pa po bdag rnam pa thams cad phyis mi hbyun bahi bdag nid kyis zad pa gan yin pa de nid legs paho | z'es byahi grol bahi bdag yod pa ni ma yin no ll de ni rez'ig rgyu med pa can nid kyi phyir ran nid kyis yod pa ma yin te mo gsam gyi bu bz'in no || dehi ran gi no bo yod na yan de rtag pa nid kyis rnam par mi hgyur bahi phyir bcins pa dan thar pa gnis la khyad par med pas sna ma bz'in du 1 -duHkhAnmuktasya duHkhaM nodbhavati / duHkhAni cotyAdanigedhadharmakasya saMskAraATT Ra Taani alfa agata gent augal TATIZO From here we have the Skt. original found in the fragmento (HPS, p. 488).

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226] CHAPTER IX panikahe tena saha siddhisukhakopAdAturAtmanaH sarvathA pazcAdabhUtAtmakatvena yaH cayaH sa eva zreyAniti nAsti mukta aatmaa| sa tAvadakAraNatvena na khayaM vidyte| vndhyaaputrvt| tasya svarUpasadbhAve ca nityatvenAvikArAda bandhamokSobhayavizeSAbhAvena pUrva miva saMsAranivRttinaM syaat| vizeSAbhyupagame 'vikArasadbhAvAdanityaH syAt / anityasya ca sakAraNatvaM syAt / tatazca duHkhasantAnaH sadRza eva syAt svavAda tyAgazca / tasmAna yuktAmasyAtmAnamabhyupetum / abhyupetyApi hi yatparaM prati pratipAdanAsAmarthyAduktadoSAcca parityAjyaM kiM tenAbhyupagatena prayojanamiti tyajyatAmAtmavAdaH // 24 // 225 CSV : yadyevaM muktAvasthAyAM muktAtmano'pyasajhAvaH saMskArANAM cApunautpattyA sarvathA parikSayarUpaM paramArthasaMjJakaM nirvANaM vayete tadalametenedRzena paramArthenArthitenetyata AtmakAmasya -1 hjig rten pa hdi nid bla yil don dam mam kun ma yin te hjig rten pa la cun zad yod dam pahi don la yod ma yin || 25 || rnal "byor spyod pa bz'i brgya las dnos po stag pa dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste | rab tu byed pa dgu paho !! 9 || __ * varaM laukikamevedaM paramArtho na srvthaa| laukike vidyate kiJcitparamArthe na vidyate // 25 // ||yogaacaar catuHzatake nityArtha pratiSedhabhAvanA sandarzana' navamaM prakaraNam // 5 // CSV : naiva hyAtma kAmo locanAmayasampAtAzaGkayAkSyorutpATana manutiSThati karoti tvAmayopaghAtameva / tathA saMsAraduHkhohimnasya duHkhatyAga * See p. 66, note 1. .. Tib khyad par khas len na yan ; HPS deggamena. * For anityasya Tib. tatah (debi phyir). * Tib. ran gi rtsod pa btan bar hgyur ro || After syat HPS : evar ca sati svabhava. tyagab syat. . Tib. atyantam (gtan). * Tib. atmafreyaskama-.(bdag legs su hdod pa). CSV throughout ad. bodhisttva- (byan chub sems dpahi). .Csv in Tib. ad. samapatti (tii ne hdzin); HPS nityarthaprativedho nama navamam * Tib.ad. kreyas (legs).

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68 [225 CATUHSATAKA eva jyAyAn na tu srvaabhaavH| sarvAbhAve hi sati sarvasya sukhasyApyucchityA makicidanenAtmana upakvataM bhvti| tataya varaM laukikamevedam / laukike hi tvayA kizcidaGgIkriyate yat pratItyasamutpatramupadAya ca prtrptm|' kiJcibAGgIkriyate yat tothikairabhUtamAropitaM sakhAbhAvyaM ca bhaavaanaam| athavA yadadatta phalamatItaM karma 'tatphalaJcA nAgataM pratyutpabAca saMskArA ityetat tava laukike 'sti| tadavaziSTaM nAstIti barametalaukika yatra na svaabhaavH| paramArthastu' na zreyAn sarvathApyAtmano 'pysnaavaat||25|| 1 Tib. ad. asmin (lit. tasmin, der). * Atter yat Tib. caksurady ankuradi va pratityaropitan ghatapatagrha..vanasenaramayananaukadi (mig la sogs pa dan | myu gu la sogs paham brten nas btage pa bum pa dan | snam budan | ra sde (?) dati | khyim dan | ngas dan|dmag dan|kun dgab badap| bz'on pa dan | gru la sogs pa rnams so||) omitting pratityadeg prajinaptam. . * After yat Tib. ad. kusalukusaladi (dge ba dan mi dge ba la sogs pahi). For adatta Tib. anuddhrta (ma phyun ba). * Tib. subha. (bde bahi) for tat. Tib. va (ham) for ca. * Tib. hiig rten pa la; HPS laukikena. "HPS. ad. sarvatha. . Tib. does not support api before and after atmano.

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CHAPTER X BDAG DGAG PA BSGOM PA BSTAN PA | aatmnimaalaamn 226 CSV : pravAha / yadyAtmA nAma kazcit svarUpataH syAttasya nirvANa sarvathocchedadarzanAn nAmamAhaM na bhaviSyAmi na me'sti na bhaviSyati / iti parizaktisya syAdevaM varaM laukikamevedaM paramArtho na srvthaa| laukike vidyate kiJcitparamArthe na vidyate // na cAtmA nAma kazcitsurUpataH smbhvti| yadi hi syAt sa niyataM strItvena vA syAt puruSatvena vA napuMsakatvena vaa| tato'nyasya klpnaasrsthaabhaavaat| hividhaM yAtmAna varNayanti tothikA yadutAntarAtmAna' bahirAmAna c| tatrAntarAtmA nAma yaH zarIrAgArAnta vyavasthitaH zarIra'ndriyasavAta stana tatra pravartayitAntApArapuruSo jagadahaGkAranivandhanaH kuzalAdikarmaphalopabhoktA prtitntrmnekviklpbhedbhitrH| bahirAtmA tu dehendriyasaGghAtarUpo'ntarAtmana upakArI / tatra yastAvadaya' mantarAtmA sa yadi strItvena parikalpAta tadA tasyAjadUpatvAjanmAntaraparivate 'pi liGgAntarApratipattyA nityameva strItvaM syAt / na caiva bhvti| vyatyayopalabdhaH strIvAdInAmAtmaguNatvAbhAvAca / / evaM strItve napuMsakatve ca vAcyam / tadevam - / 1 HPS nasty aham. . Tib. om. -antar-. * Tib. tadindriyadeg (dehi dban pobi). . HPS degtasya tatra. ... Tib. kusalakusalananagamopadistakarmaphalabhokta (dge ba dan mi dge badan lun du ma bstan pabi las kyi hbras buhi za ba po). * Tib. phan hdogs paho ; HPS apakariva. "Tib. om. ayam. . Tib.om. pari-. * Tib. tshe gz'an durjes (=ayurantaranu-); the reading is incomploto. 10 Tib. ma yin te; HPS drsyate. 11 After this there is a long gap in HPS.

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CATUHSATAKA [227 [227 gan tshe nan bdag bud med min | skyes min ma nin ma yin pa de tshe mi ses hbah z'ig las | kyod bdag pho yo snam du sems || 1 || In a Vx of CS na for nan. In d V ho for yo. * antarAtmA yadA na stro na pumAna napuMsakam / tadA kevalamajJAnAda bhAvaste'haM pumAniti // 1 // CSV : pumAnityu palakSaNatvAdaha strI napusakamiti sarvamevAjJAnAda bhvti| vicAryamANasya vastusattvasA tathAsiddhatvAdajJAna munnA nAnyattathAparikalpakAraNa' yuktm| rajjusvarUpAparijJAne sarpAdhyAropavadityabhiprAya: // 1 // 227 __CSV : eva tAvadantarAtmano yaH strItvAdiparikalyo nAsau vastvanuvidhAyoti sthitam / atha manyase bahirAtmano liGgAnyetAni strIpu napuMsakatvAmi tatsambandhAdantarAtmanyapi parikalpAnta iti| 'syAdetadevaM yadi bahirAtmano'pyetAni yujyante / kathaM kRtvaa| ihAkAzasya tAvanmahAbhUtatvAyogAccatvArtheva mhaabhuutaani| yasyApi paJca mahAbhUtAni tasyApyAkAzasya zarIrArambhakatvAyogAccatvAryeva mahAbhUtAni kAraNabhAva prtipdynte| teSu ca strIpunapuMsakatvAni svarUpato na vidynte| yadi syu stadA tatsubhAvAnurodhAt sarvadehAnAM niyataliGgatA syaat| kalalAdapi ca liGgopalabdhiH syAnna caitadastItyataH- / gan tshe hbyun ba thams cad la . pho mo ma nin yod min pa de tshe ci ste de dag nid | brten nas pho mo ma nin yin || 2 || * yadA sarveSu bhUteSu nAsti strIpuMnapusakam / tadA kiM nAma tAnyeva prApya strIpunapuMsakam // 2 // CSV : kiM nAmAtra kAraNaM yat svarUpato liGgarahitAni mahAbhUtAni 1 Tib. tathaparikalpanad apratitikaranam (de Itar yons su brtags (X btags) pa las ma rtoge pahi rgyu). . Tib. ad. here something more. * Tib. om. pari.. ... For this Tib. naivam (hdi ni de ltar ma yin no). . Tib. ad. dardane (ltar na).

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228] CHAPTER X 71 prApya strInapaMsakAni dehAnAM sambhaviSyanti / tadeva bahirAtmano'pi strInapuMsakatvAnAmayogAt kevalamajJAnAt' tavAyamabhiprAya: pumAnaha tyaha napuMsakamahamitideg // 2 // 228 CSV : itazcAtmA svarUpato naasti| yadi yAtmA svarUpataH syAt sa yathaikasyAhaGkArasyAlambana tathA sarveSAmapyahaGkArasyAlambana syaat| na hi loke'gneroSNA svabhAvaH kasyacidanauSNA bhvti| evamAtmA yadi svarUpataH syAt sarveSAmAtmeti syAdahaGkAraviSayazca / na caitadevam tathA hi-| . khyod kyi bdag gan nahi bdag min des de bdag min ma nes phyir dnos po mi'rtag pa rnams la rtog pa skye bar hgyur min nam || 3 || In a Vx of CSV na for nahi. In b Vx of CS dag for bdag. In d Vx of CSV skyes par for skye bar. __* yastavAtmA mamAnAtmA tenAtmA niyamAva saH / nanvanityeSu bhAveSu kalpanA nAma jAyate // 3 // CSV : yo hi tavAtmA tvadahaGkAraviSaya AtmasnehaviSayazca sa eva mamAnAtmA bhavatyasmadahaGkArAviSayatvAdAtmanehAviSayatvAcca / yata etadevaM tena niyamAn na sH| yazca niyamAdAtmA na bhavati sa svabhAvato nAstIti tyajyatAmasadartha aatmaadhyaaropH| yadyAtmA nAsti ka tAvimAvahaGkArAtmanehAvityAha nanvanityeSu bhAveSu kalpanA nAma jaayte| yathopavarNitena nyAyena svarUpasihasya skandhavyatirikta syAtmanaH sarvathAbhAvAn' nanvanityeSu rUpavedanAsaMjJAsaMskAravijJAnAkhyeSu bhAveSvAtmeti kalpanA prabhUtArthAropaNaM kriyata AtmA sattvo jIvo janturiti / yathA 1 Tib. ma bes pa las; HPS marks here a lacuna. . Tib. bdag; HPS om. aham. i Tib. ad. tatha hi. (de ltar ni) * Tib. hgyur; HPS om. it. * Tib. ad. agneh (me). * HPS abhavesu. "Tib. anupalam bhat (ma dmigs pahi phyir) for abhavat. : HPS svabhutarthao. * For nanv anityesudeg jantur iti Tib. reads: anityesu bhavesurdpadisahjffakesu nihevabha. vog atmeti sattva iti jiva iti jantur iti manuja iti karaka iti vedaka ityady aham iti vipari. takalpana kriyate (dros mi rtag pa gzugs la sogs pahi min can ran bz'in med pa rnams la bdag dan sems can dan | srog danskye ba po dan sed las skyes dan byed pa po dan tehor ba pa z'es bya ba la soge pa bdag go sam du log par rtog par byed do I). 1. Tib. ji Itar; HPS yada.

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CATUHSATAKA [229 haundhanamupAdAyAgnirevaM skandhAnupAdAyAtmA prajJapyate / sa ca skandhebhyastattvAnyatvena paJcadhA ca nirUpyamANa: svabhAvato nAstItyupAdAya prajJasyA parikalpAta ityanityeSu saMskAra vAtma parikalpanA bhavatIti sthitam // 3 // As regards the reading in b of the Skt. karika HPS and V take niyamat and it is supported by the Vstti in both the versions, Skt. and Tib. But according to the Tib. text of the karika we must read aniyamat (ma nes phyir), as Poussin has done in MV, P. 199, where the karika is quoted by Candrakirtti. Now, with reference to the Tib. text some divergencies have already been noted. There is some thing more. Poussin (loc. cit.) has quoted there the Tib. original found in his text. For b.it has des bdag nes med de phyir bed. Here after des bdag, as Poussin has rightly suggested, one should read nes med phyir de med. In d it has rtog pa z'es kyan ne bar skye, which can literally be translated by kalpana namapy upajayate, or in metre kalpanety upajayate. This differs from our text as we have it both in the fragments and in the MV. According to the reading found in Vxx of CS and CSV as well as in V's edition the lit. Skt. is kalpna nanu jayate, there being nothing for nama in the Skt. text. 229 CSV : pravAha / astya vAtmA svabhAvataH / prakRttinivRttikAraNatvAt / yadyAtmA na syAt kaH zubhamazubhaM vA karma kRtvA tatphalaM sNvedyet| sa hi zubhamazubhaM vA karma kRtvA jAtigatiyonyAdibhedabhive vaidhAtuke karmAnurUpaM jammaprabandhamananta sukhduHkhduHkhphlopbhognibndhnmaasaadyti| sa hyabhisaMskartA ca pratyanubhavitA ca / ma hanyate cAdharmeNa spRzyate mucyate ca / tasmAdasti svarUpAta praatmeti| kiM punarayamAtmA' janmAntaraparivarteSu dehabhedavikAramanurudhyate'tha 1 Tib. hdogs= badhyate. . Tib. hdu byed; HPS samsaresu. . Tib. om. aha. * Tib. ad. acala or dhruvaka (mi gyo ba). * Tib. simply mthah yas; HPS anantaprabhedam. * For adharmena sprsyate Tib. badhyate sprayate badhyate (gnod pa dan reg pa dan bein ba). Tib, om. ayam atma and reads idanim (hdi tshe). . Tib.aimply janmantaresu (rabs gz'an du).

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280] 73 CHAPTER X m| yadi tAvan nAnurudhyate tadA kimanenAkiJcitkareNAtmaparikalpanena / ' pthaanurudhyte| tadA niyataM tava - skye dan skye bar skyes bu ni lus bz'in rnam par hgyur bar hgyur khyod kyi de la lus las gz'an | nid dan rtag nid mi rigs so || 4 || In a before dan Vx of CSV skyes for skye. * dehavahikvatiM yAti pumAJjanmani janmani / dehAttavAnyatA tasya nityatA ca na yujyate // 4 // In c of the Skt. text HPS, p. 487, wrongly reads dehantena for dehat tava supported by Tib., and V has followed him. ___CSV : nAso dehAdanyo dehavikArAnuvidhAyitvAd dehaikadezavat / nApi nityo dehA dnnytvaat| tasmAdayukta AtmAdhyAropa: // 4 // . 230 : CSV : hdir smras pa | gal te bdag rai gi io bos grub par mi hgyur na ni dehi tshe lus kyi gyo ba bskums5 padan rkyon ba la sogs pa rnams kyi thjug pa por gan z'ig hgyur | skul ba po med pahi sia rta ni rgyu ba yan ma yin te deni phyir gdon mi za bar sin rtahi skul ba po lha sbyin ltar lus kyi gyo baui rgyu nan gi byed pahi skyes bu hgah z'ig khas blans par byaho || hdi yan mi rigs so | zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | - = pravAha / yadyAtmA na svarUpeNa sihastadA dehasya ceSTAsaGkocanaprasAraNAdInAM kaH prvrtyitaa| na hyacAlako rathacalati / tasmAdavazyameva rathacAlakadevadattavaddehaceSTAhetuH kazcidantaHkaraNa puruSo'bhyupetavyaH / idamapi na yuktamiti pratipAdayavAha - / reg dan mi ldan dnos po la bskul ba z'es bya mi skye stel 1 Tib. om. it. . . After atma- (badg tu) Tib. btags for brtags. In Tib. pari. of parikalpanena is omitted. 3 Tib. dehi phyir. Before ayukta HPS dehas tv atmavd iti. . Inx read agro btags for sgro bdags. sx bekum. * For-karapa-one may also read vyapara-. __ 10

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(231 CATUHSATAKA de phyir lus kyi gyo ba la srog ni byed pa por mi hgyur || 5 || In a Vx of CSV las for la. In 6 V wrongly bsgul for bskul. In c Vx of CSV dbye for gyo. V asparsavatsu bhavesu cesta nama na jayate | tasmac charirecestaya jivah karta na jayate || 5 || I think bskul ba in b means prerana, calana, and not cesta as V writes. I should like to modify his restoration as below: bhAvasya nAsparzavataH preraNA nAma jaayte| ... tasmAddehasya ceSTAyAH kartA jovo na jAyate // 5 // .. CSV: sin rta ni reg pa dan mi Idan pahi don hgas 'kyan bskul bar mi nus te ll reg pa dan Idan pa kho nas de bskul bahi phyir || khyod cag gis yons su brtags pahi bdag kyan reg pa dan mi ldan pa z'ig stel dus ltar lus med pahi phyir ci la yan mi reg cin don hgah z'ig gis reg pa yan ma yin no |gan gi tshe hdi de ltar yin pa deni tshe gan las lus kyi gyo bahi rgyu nid kyis hdi yod pa nid rjes su dpog par hgyur ba reg pa dan mi ldan pahi dnos po hdi las bskul ba ste| spon (?) bahbyun bar ji ltar hgyur || gz'an yan bdag hdi ni phyogs med pahi phyir reg pa dan mi ldan no || gan z'ig phyogs mi ldan pa de la ni sbyor ba yod ma yin no ll. sbyor ba dan bral ba la ni bskul ba yod pa ma yin pas bya ba dan ldan pa nid kyis de yod pa nid du khas blan bar mi rigs so 11deg - ratho hi kenacidasparzavatA padArthana prerayituM na shkyte| sparzavato himA prernnaa| bhavadbhiH parIkSita mAtmApi na sparthavAna kAlavahAbhAvAta / kasyApyasparzavatA kenacityadArthena spartho na bhavati / yadevadeva tadA kuto dehaceSTAhetutvenAsya sadbhAvAnumAnamasparzavato'smAdbhAvAt preraNA ca |...anyccaaymaatmaa pradezAbhAvAba sprshvaan| yo'pradezo na tasya sNyogH| saMyogavirahitasya ca preraNA na bhavatIti na kriyAvakhena vamajAvo'bhyupagantuM yujyate // 5 // 231 CSV: yan gal te bdag hdi rtag par hgyur na ni l de yons su mi bsrun bar bya bahi phyir mi htshe bahi bdag nid can gyi chos 1 See karika 333. . Not in x.

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231] CHAPTER X 78 ne bar bstan par mi hgyur te nam mkhah bz'in no | mtshon rnon po dan me dan dug dan thog babs pa rnams kyis ni deni spu yan hgul bar mi nus so || de nid kyi phyir bsad pa ' -papi ca / yadyayamAtmA nityaH syAttasyAparirakSaNIyatvAdahiMsAtmakadharmopadezo na syaadaakaashvt| asisAdhArAmniviSAzanipAtAdibhirasya romApi for a man i angala-1 mi htshe ba dan bdag rtag pa hdi la rgyu ni ci yod snam | rnam pa kun tu sin srin las rdo rje bsrun byar mi hgyur ro || 6 || In c Vx of CSV tuhan for tu adding so after las and an before rdo in d. . V sasvatasyamarasyasyatmano hetur hi ko matah sarvatha kita kad vajrabhaksanam naiva jayate | V takes mi htshe ba (a) to mean amara, but literally it does not give the sense. For Skt. amara we have Tib. hchi ba med. V seems to have confounded htshe with hchi. The former means in Skt. himsa, upadrava, ksaya, ksati. V translates s'in srin (c) by kataka. This is also not quite right. Srin is to be taken for srin bu, Skt. krmi or kata. But what is the meaning of s'in used before it? V has ignored it. It means a taru 'tree', as well as kastha 'wood'. Here the latter is * meant. So s'in srin literally means kastha-krmi or -kata, i.e. ghuna 'wood-eating worm'. The full Tib. from is s'in gi srin bu. V's another mistake in this karika lies in his rendering brsun (d) by bhaksana, the word actually meaning raksana. The following translation may, therefore, be offered : afar fame qaq Safir hata i sarvathA ghuNato vajo rakSaNIyo na jAyate // 6 // CSV: gnod par dogs pa med paui rdo rje ni sin gi srin bu las yons su bsrun bar mi rtsom mo || de bz'in du bdag rtag par yod na ni mi htshe bahi bdag nid can gyi chos mi rigs na | mi tshe bahi bdag hid can gyi chos mi rigs na mi tshe bahi bdag nid

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76 CATUHSATAKA [232 can gyi chos hdi ni yod pa yan yin te deni phyir rtag pahi bdag khas mi blan ba ham yan na rgyu gz'an z'ig brjod par bya dogs na de yan ma brjod pas hdi ni mi rigs so ll __ =anapakArAzaGkAsya vajasya ghuNAtparirakSaNaM naarbhyte| tathAtmA nityazcedahiMsAtmako dharmo na yujyte| vidyata eva cAyamahiMsAtmako dharmaH / tasmAdAtmA vA nityo nAbhyupagantavyaH kAraNAntaraM vA vktvym| tacca nocyata iti na tadyuktam // 6 // 232 CSV : hdir smras pa | bdag ni rtag pa kho na ste | skye ba dran pa yod pahi phyir ro | hdu byed skyes ma thag tu hjig pahi nan can rnams la ni tshe rabs gz'an dran par mi rigs so | skye ba gz'an gyi hdu byed rnams ni gan du skyes pa [de] nid du hjig lal hdir ni gz'an dag cig kho na skye ba yin no || dehi phyir bdag hdas pahi dus na skye ba hdi Ita bu dan hdi lta bu zig tu gyur to snam du skye ba dran par mi rigs so || bdag rtag pa yod na ni de nid tshe rabs gz'an du rgyu bahi phyir rjes su dran par rigs so || hdi yan ma nes pa nid du brjod pasi phyir bsad pa - =anaah| nitya evAtmA jaatismrnnsdbhaavaat| utpaneSu saMskAravanantarabhaGgazIleSu jAtyantarasmaraNaM na yujyate / janmAntarasaskArA hi yatrotyavAH titra eva nshynti| ihAnya utpadyante / tasmAdAtmAtIte kAla evamevamabhUditi smRtinaM yujyte| syAncedAtmA nityastadaiva jaatyntrcaaritvenaanusmtiyujyte| prsyaapynaikaantiktvmudbhaavybaah-|| skye ba dran pa yod paui phyir | gal te khyod kyi bdag rtag na | snon byas pa yi rma mthon nas! khyod kyi bdag go ces mi rtag || 7 ||| In d Vx of CSV lus ko for bdag go. V smrtisantanasiddhyartham atma nityo matas tava drstva bhagyaksayam tasya so'nityah kim na te matah || 7 // I cannot understand how Tib. a could be translated by V's

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232] CHAPTER X 77 Skt. a. Nor is acceptable his rendering of c and d. I should like to translate the karika as given below : jAtismaraNasahAvAdAtmA te yadi zAkhataH / kSataM pUrvavataM dRSTvA tavAtmA kimazAzvataH // 7 // So far as the above reading of d in Tib. is concerned. But, as has already been pointed out, Vx of CSV reads here lus, kaya, 'body' for bdag, atman, which is supported not only by CSV itself but also by the Chinese version reading shen, kaya, 'body'. Accordingly the whole karika in Skt. should read as follows: jAtismaraNasadbhAvAdAtmA te yadi shaakhtH| kSataM pUrvavataM dRSTvA kAyaste kimazAzvataH // 7 // CSV: hdi ni tshe rabs gz'an dag tu mtshon cha la sogs pas bsnun pa las byun bahi rmahi srol (?) rnams de Ita bus ne bar mtshani pahi lus can la la dag rnam par hjig cin de ltar mnon par mtshan pahi lus dan ldan pa kho nar hgyur te skye ba dan rjes su dran pa niji ltar nams su myon ba Itar tshe rabs gz'an gyis byun mthah ston par lhur byed pa dmigs so || deui phyir skye ba dran pa yod pas byas pahi bdag rtag pa nid du yons su rtogs pa Itar de dag gi lus rtag pa nid du brtog par bya dogs na hdi ni de ltar yan ma yin pas de yod pa ma yin no ||deg dehi phyir skye ba dran pa yod pa hdi las bdag rtag pa nid du mi rigs te lus kyan rtag pa nid du thal bar thgyur bahi phyir ro || . = iha jAtyantareSu zUlAdyAghAtodbhUtAni catAni bhvnti| tathopasakSitakAyAH kecidhinshynti| tathAbhilakSitakAyAzcaiva jaaynte| janmAnusmaraNa ca yathAnubhavaM kAle jaatyntrjaataavsaanprkaashttprmuplbhyte| tasmAjjAtismaraNasagAvaktAtmanityatvaparikalpanAvatteSAM kAyanityatvaM kalpayitavyaM cedevamapodaM na bhavatIti na tadbhavati / tasmAnjAtimAraNasadbhAvAdetasmAdAtmA nityo na yujyate kAyasyApi nityatvaprasaGgAt // 7 // 1x mtehon. xna. 'X rtag.

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11 CATUHSATAKA [233 233 CSV: yan ji ltar bdag hdis skye ba dran no z'es bya bar rtog | gal te ran gi no bo kho nas yin na ni de mi rigs te | de ni mi rtog paui ran gi no bo yin pasi phyir ro || ci ste sems pa can dan Idan pa las yin no snam du rtog pa na de yan mi rigs te ran gi no bo btan bar thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro || de nid bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ! -api c| kathamayamAtmA janma smaratoti klpaate| yadi svbhaavaadeveti| na tad yujyte| tasyAkalpa kkhbhaavtvaat| atha sacittatvAditi klpaate| tadapi na yujyte| svabhAvatyAgaprasaGgAt / tadeva pratipAdaya91 - sems pa can dan ldan bdag kyan | gal te ses po nid yin na de yis sems pa can sems pa 1 min z'in skyes bu rtag mi hgyur || 8 f! In 6 Vx of CSV pa for po ; and no for na. In d V with Vx of of CS z'es for z'in. V atmanas cec ciattavato jnatstav jayate tada nasti cittam ca caittam ca puman nityo na jayate || I cannot agree with V in rendering sems pa can dan Idan in a by caittavat. There is nothing of caiita either in a or in c in the Tib. text. The Tib. word for caitta is sems las byun ba. Sems pa means citta or celanat both of which are synonymous in such cases. My translation of the karika will be as follows: Atmanazcetsacittasya jJAtvaM jAyate tataH / afane a fari ritga1 ag iaa: 11581 CSV: gal te blo la sogs pa rnams ni bdag gi yon ton yin z'in de rnams dan ldan pas bdag yon tan gyi rjes su mthun par hjug cindros po rnams kyan ran bz'in mi hdor ba yin la de rnams don gz'an pa dan hbrel ba las bya bahi khyad par dan Idan par gyur na ni ho na de rnams la khyad par snar yod pa ma yin par rnam par hgyur ro | rnam par thgyur ba dan * See MK, XVII, 2.4. For caitanya we have ses yod (karikas 235, 236, 238, 240).

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19 234] . CHAPTER X Idan pa nams la ni ran gi no bo yod pa yan ma yin pas khyod kyi bdag ran bz'in med de ri mo la sogs pa bz'in du rnam par hgyur ba dan Idan pahi phyir ro || gz'an yan ji ltar sems pa can nid dan Idan pas bdag sems pa can du hgyur ba de bz'in du sems pa can ma yin pahi bdag dan Idan pa sems pa can yan sems pa can ma yin par ciui phyir mi hgyur || deni phyir hdi la skye ba dran pa nid mi rigs pa hbah z'ig tu ma zad kyi sems pa can nid kyan mi rigs pahi phyir rtag pahan ma yin pas bdag la rtag pa nid yod pa ma yin no || ___ = yadi budyAdaya prAtmano guNAstadyogamAtmA guNAnurUpaM prvrtte| bhAvA api prakRtiM na tyajanti / te cedarthAntarasambandhAt kriyAvizeSavantastadA teSAM vizeSasya pUrvamabhAvena vikaartvm| vikAravatAM ca svarUpaM nAstIti mAsti tavAtmana: svarUpam / citrAdivad vikaarvttvaat| anycc| yathA cittavatvenAtmA cittavAMstathAcittAtmaka svena cittavAnapi kimacittavAva syAt / tasmAdiha na kevalaM jAtissAraNamevAyuktAmakSayasya sacittatvamapi na yuktamiti nityatvamapi na bhavatIti nAstyAtmano nityatvam // 8 // 234 CSV: gz'an yan bdag hdi ji ltar sems dpah can nid dan Idan pas sems pa de bz'in du bde ba dan sdug bsnal la sogs pa dan ldan pas snar gyi ran gi no bo nams paui phyir khyad par de dan desi sthob par hgyur te deni phyir hdi mi rtag pa nid du hgyur zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | ___ =anyacca / yathAyamAtmA sattvavatvena cetayati tathA sukhaduHkhAdimakhena pUrvakharUpavinAzAt taM taM vizeSa praapsaati| tasmAdayamanitya eva jAyata iti prtipaadybaah-| bde ba la sogs dan ldan srog 1 bde sogs bz'in du sna tshogs mthon de phyir bde la sogs bz'in te 1 rtag pa nid duhan mi run no || 9 //

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80 CATUHSATAKA [235 V jivah sukhadiman drsto vibhinnah sa sukhadivat tasmat sukhadivat tasya nityatapi na yujyate !! I shall accept it modifying the first half : jIvaH sukhAdimAvAnA dRzyate yatsukhAdivat / tasmAtsukhAdivattasya nityatyApi na yujyate // 8 // CSV : gal te bde ba dan sdug bsnal gyi gnas skbas dag tu hdi la khyad par hgah yan med na ni de dag phan tshun tha dad par mi hgyur te | desi phyir bdag gi yon tan hdi mnamss tha dad par mi hgyur ro || deni phyir gdon mi za bar bdag hdis bde ba la sogs pa sna tshogs pahi rjes su byed par bya dgos la deni rjes su byed pa nid kyan bde ba la sogs pa kho na Itar hdi rtag pa nid du yan mi rigs so llo ___ = yadi sukhaduHkhAvasthAsvasya na kazcidapi vizeSa : syAnna syAtAsAmanyonyaM bhedH| tatazcaiSAmAtma guNAnAM bhedo na syAt / ato'vazyamanenAmanA vividhaM sukhAdyanuvidhAtavyam / tadanuvidhAne ca sukhAdivadevAsya nityatvaM na yuktam // 8 // 235 CSV: yan gz'an dag ni gan gi ltar lia skyes bu sems pa can ma yin pa de la nes pa hdir hgyur gyi kho bo cag gi ltar na ni skyes bu ses pa yod pahi ran bz'in yin pahi phyir mi hdod pa ni yan med dozes smraho || dehi lugsi kyan mi rigs pa nid du brjod pahi phyir bsad pa ___ =api cAnya aahuH| yasya darzane puruSo na sacittastasye ha doSaH / asmAkaM tu darzane puruSazcaitanyasvarUpa iti nAniSTaM bhvtiiti| teSAM matamapyayuktamityudbhAvayannAha ... / gal te ses pa yod rtag na byed pa log par hgyur ba ste gal te me ni rtag hgyur na bud sin gis don yod mi hgyur | 10 ||| In d Vx of CS ma for mi. * karaNaM jAyate mithyA caitanyaM zAzvataM ydi| The second half is lost and V reconstructs : .x lug.

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236] CHAPTER X nityo yadi bhaved agnir indhanam nisprayojanam || 10 || I shall change it a little : zAzvatazcedbhavedanirindhanaM syAvirarthakam // 10 // CSV: hdi gan gi tshe mig la sogs pa byed par gyur pa rnams kyi thjug pa dag gzugs la sogs pahi don rnams la hbab pa deni tshe gzugs la sogs pahi blo gzugs la sogs paui rnam pas rjes su bsgyur ba rnams ne bar skye z'in blos z'en par byas pahi don de yai skyes bus sems par byed do || ses pa yod pa nid kyan yul rtog paui ran gi no bo yin la skyes bu de yan de las tha mi dad ahi ran gi no bo dan rtag pa yan yin tertag tu ne bahi phyir roll skyes buhi ran gi no bo las tha mi dad par gnas pani phyir ses pa yod pa nid kyan rtag tu ne ba yin no || desi phyir hdi la mig la sogs pahi byed' pa dogs pa med pahi phyir don med par hgyur ro !!deg gan gi ltar na bud sin med par me mi hbyun z'in yod na ni hbyun ba deni Itar na ni bud s'in tshol bar rigs na gan gi Itar na me rtag pa yod do | z'es bya ba khas len pa de Ita na bud sii ne bar sogs dogs pa med pa kho na ste | hdi ni de dan hdraho ||deg =iha yadA karaNabhUtAnAM cakSurAdInAM pravRttayo rUpAdyartheSu patanti tadA rUpAdibuddhayo rUpAdiprakAraNAnupariNamamAnA upjaaynte| taM ca buddhivyavasAyakatamarthaM purussshcetyte| caitanyaM ca viSayakalpanAsvarUpam / sa ca puruSastasmAdabhivasvarUpo nityshc| sarvadA snnidhaanaat| puruSasvarUpAdabhedenAvasthitecaitanyaM ca sarvadA svihitm| tasmAdasya cakSurAdikaraNaM niSpayojanavAnirarthakam / ___yasya darzana indhanasyAbhAve'gnirna bhavati bhAve ca bhavati tasya darzana indhananyAyo yuktaaH| yasya tu darzana'gninitya ityabhyupaga'mastasya nisspyojnmevendhnopaarjnm| thdett| tatazcAsya mahadAdevikAragrAmasya viphalaiva pravRttiriti vyathai evAsya zAstre prakriyApraNayanazramo lakSyate // 10 // 236 CSV : atha syAccaitanyazaktirUpaH purussH| tasya cakSurAdikaraNavyApAra1 The following portion (degmas tasya laksyate) is found in the fragments. HPS, p.488. . Tib. om. tasyaadding tathisati (de lta na). . 11

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82 CATUHSATAKA [236 nibandhanabuddhyabhivyaktezcaitanyahattva bhivyaktiH / upabhoktA hi purussH| sa viSayopabhuktikriyAbhinivRttyA viSayaM cetyte| sA hyasya viSayopabhuktizcaitanyavRttyAtmikA kriyaa| sA ca na vinA cakSurAdinA karaNagrAmeNa bhavatIti kuto'sya vikAragrAmasya vRthAtvamiti / ucyte| yadi caitanyaM caitanyattisvarUpaM sApa kriyAtmikA tadAsya kriyAyA' dharmAnatikrameNa bhvitvym| kazca kriyANAM dhrmH| dravyAcayatvaM calatvaM c| tathA hi - / rdzas ni bya ba ji bz'in du hjig pahi bar du gyo ba med des na skyes bu yod ses pa yod pa med ces byar mi rigs || 11 || In c Vx of CSV wrongly ces for s'es ; and bya bar for byar in d adding so after rigs. ___ * A vinAzAccalaM nAma dravyaM nAsti kriyA yathA puruSo'sti nAcaitanyamiti tena na yujyate // 11 // CSV dravyavyApArarUpA hi kriyaa| sA codayAtprabhRtyA vinaashaanyclaa| tathA hi| vRkSAdayaH pavanAbhyupanipAtamantareNA nArabdhakriyA udayAt prabhRtyA vinAzAt tisstthntyviclaaH| kampanakriyA tveSAM0 pavanAdipratyayasammAtAdupajAyamAnA pAvinAzaM calatAM naativrtte| yasmAdetadevaM puruSo'sti na caitanyamiti tena na yujyate // yathA vRkSAdayazcalanakriyAprArambhAt prAgavasthAyAM vRkSAdyAtmanA dravyarUpeNopalabhyante nevaM purussH| sa hi caitanyarUpamAtratvAva taatiriktH| dravyarUpavAbhAvAcca caitanyarahitenApyAtmanAstIti na zakyate klpyitum| tatava puruSo 1 According to Tib. the compound here is with -vritya (bjug pas) and not-vrtteb. HPS degvyakteh. | Tib. mnon par grub pas; HPS degnivrtya. * Tib. ses pa yod pa; HPS om. it. s Tib. de yan bya bahi ran bz in can yin na%3; HPS om. sadeg degtmika. . Tib. bya bahi; HPS kriyaya. 7 Tib. om. -abhi-. . Tib. mi rtsom: HPS degntarena narabdha'. * Tibakyes nas hjig pahi bar ni; HPS om. udayatdeg degsat. 10 Tib. hdi rnamskyiHPSesa. 11 In X we should read bjig bar du for ma z'ig Lar du. 18 For sa hio dravyarupa tvabhavac ca Tib. Sa hi caitanyarupamatratvat tadvyatiriktadravyarupatvabhavao ca (de ni bes pa yod pa nid kyan ran ba'im yin pahi phyir dan de las tha dad pabi rdzas kyi ran bz'in med pabi phyir).

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237] CHAPTER X 83 vidyate na caitanyamiti na yunyate / yacca caitanyazaktisanAvAt puruSasyAstitvaM kalpAve tdpyyuktm| nirAdhArAyAH zakte rasadbhAvAt // 11 // 237 CSV : papi cAyaM puruSo yadi caitanya vyaktaH pUrva caitanyazaktirUpaH syAt tadA -1 gz'an du ses pa yod pahi khams | mthon z'in gz'an du ses yod de lcags kyi z'u nid bz'in dehi phyir | skyes bu rnam par hgyur bar hgyur || 12 || In c Vx of CSV adds na after bz'in. cetanAdhAturanyana dRzyate'nyatra cetnaa| dravatvamiva lohasya vikvatiM yAtyataH pumAn // 12 // CSV : caitanyasya hairUpyakalpanAyAmanyatra pRthakvena cetanAyAcetanAdhAtukhetamAbIjaM cetanAzakti zyate tvayA cetanAzaktacAnyatra pRthak cetnaa| tammAcetanAdhAtozcetanA pravartamAnA cetanA'dhAtusamAnadezA prvrtve| dRssttaatmaah| Travatvamiva lohsyeti| iha yathA loI dravatvamApadyamAnaM zohadezAbhivadezaM bhavati tht| bojAGgurayogavirbhAvatirobhAvadarzanAva smaandeshtaa| na ca puruSasyAvirbhAvatirobhAvAviti samAnadezatva msti| ata evAcAryo dravatvamiva lohsyeti| lohasya drvtaadRssttaantmaah| na ca caitanyazaktirUpAt pRthak puruSo 'sti vyktH| tato'nanyatvAt / tadayaM zaktirUpApabro vyaktirUpatAmApadyamAno . dravatvamiva lohasya vikRti yAtyataH pumAn // vikriyamANatvAJca lohavadeva nAsyAtmano nityatvamiti siddham // 12 // 1 Tib yod; HPS samvidyate. Tib. gan yan; HPS yac caitanya'. . Tib. ad. tada (dehi tshe). * Tib rtog pa ; HPS kalpyeta. . Tib. jnanasyasya purvam (ses pa hdini sna rol na). * Tib. bes pa yod pa mthon ste| dehi phyir; HPS om. cetana | tasmat. ' Tib. om. cetana. . Tib. hdir ; HPS om. it.. * HPS-desam asti. 16 Tib. om. acaryah. 11 lcaga kyi z'u nid bz'in z'es; HPS om. dravao syeti. " Tib. purusa saktir vyaktasti (skyes buhi nus pagsal bar yod pa).

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84 CATUHSATAKA [239 238 CSV : anye punraahuH| na hyasmAkaM caitanyarUpaH pumAn / kiM taha- ses yod yid tsam z'ig la ste skyes bu nam mkhah bz'in du che dehiphyir de yi no bo ni| | ses pa yod nid min Itar mthon || 12 || In a Vx of CSV s'ed for ses. In c V and Vx of CS de for dehi ; and V na for ni. In d Vx of CSV adds pa after yod. __ * caitanyaM ca manomAtre mahAMzcAkAzavatpamAn / acaitanyaM tatastasya svarUpamiva dRzyate // 13 // CSV : AtmA hi pratizarIre sarvaprANabhRtAmAkAzavada vibhuH| tasya ca manomAtrasaMyuktA cetanA na srvvyaapinii| manavAtmanaH prmaannumaavdeshsNyuktaam| tena manasA saMyujya puruSastadabhinnadezaM caitnymutpaadyti| tatazca yathotadoSAnavasaro'smatpakSa' iti| ucyte| yata eva yAkAzavadati-' mahato'sya puruSasya manomAne caitanyamabhyupeyate tvayA . macaitanyaM tatastasya svarUpamiva dRzyate / evaM satyacetana eva puruSaH praapnoti| na hi pAmANamAtrapradezacetanAsambandhena sacetanaH puruSa iti zakyaM vakta m| na hi lavaNaparamANumAnasamparkAda gaGgAnadI jalaM lavaNamiti zakyaM sambhAvayitum / tdett| dravyaM cAtmA caitanyaM ca guNarUpam / tayoH parasparabhedAdacetanasvarUpa eva pumaan| na cAsyAcetanasya ghaTasyevAtmatvaM kalpayituM nyAyyamiti na yukta prAtmA // 13 // 239 CSV : yadi cAyamAtmA pratisattvaM sarvagataH syAt tadA -1 gal te kun la bdag yod na gz'an gyis de cis nar mi rtogs | de nid kyis ni de nid la sgrib ces bya bar mi hthad do || 14 || 1 It is locative in Tib.; HPS nominative clearly reading paksah. . Tib. .in tu che ba; HPS iti for ati. * Tib. hdihi; HPS om it. 4 HPS ad. nanu not supported by Tib. * Tib. nus pa%3; HPS yuktam. 6 Tib. klun; HPS -hrada-,

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240] CHAPTER X 86 In a Vx of CSV bdag kun la for kun la bdag. In 6 V ces for cis; Vx of CSV der var cis for de cis nar; and V with Vx of CS rtog for rtogs. In c V and Vx of CS na for ni. * parastati kiM nAhamahaM savaMgato ydi| tenaivAvaraNaM nAma na tasyai vopapadyate // 14 // In a of the Skt text after paras I have proposed to read tarketi, a form in Buddhist Skt., the classical one being tarkayati. This reading is clearly suggested by trogs in b as shown above. The reading given by HPS, taveti, can not be accepted ; nor can we follow V's amended reading, tasyeti, for it cannot be construed, nor is supported by Tib. For the use of Buddhist Skt. by Aryadeva see the word dusyati from /deis, XVIII. 2 (=177). . CSV : yadi tAvikayA' kalpanayA haM sarvagataH sarvavyApI syAmAkAzavat tadA sattvAntare'pi madAtmanaH sadbhAvAt kimiti tasya tasmin mamevAhAro notpdyet| evaM hyasya sarvagatatvaM yujyate yadiha mameva parasyApi madAtmani sthaadhngkaarH| na ca parAtmanAsya madAtmana: parazarore yuktmaavrnnm| na hi parAtma deze 'madAtmano'sadbhAvaH sarvAtmanAM vyaapitvaamyupgmaat| yadA ca samAnadezatA tadA na tena tasyAvaraNaM zakyaM kartamiti pratipAdaya bAha / tenaivAvaraNaM nAma na tasyaivopapadyate / * samAnadezatvAt svAtmasvarUpasyeva svAtmanA nAstyAvaraNamityahaGkAraviSayatvaM parAmano'pi prsjyte| na vevaM bhavatIti na sarvagata AtmA // 14 // . 240 CSV : evaM tAvadubhayamate'pyAtmano'stitvamayuktamiti pratipAdya guNAnAmapi sakalajagatkartRtvAsambhavanAyuktatA pratipAdaya bAha - / 1 Tib, khyod kyi ; HPS bhavikaya which has no sence here. * For kalpana Tib. lugs, lit. mata, nyaya. . Read yan for yon which looks also to be yod in X. * HPS asmad, but Tib does not support it. Tib. de ltar yan ma ; HPS tenaivam for na tvevam. * Tib. ma rigs pa nid du ; HPS -nayuktarupatam. . Tib. udbhavayan (brjod pahi phyir) for prati'.

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86 [241 CATUHSATAKA gan gi yon tan byed po dan rnam kun ses yod ma yin pa ! de dag dan ni smyon pa la khyad par ci yan yod ma yin || 15 || * yeSAM guNAnAM kartRtvamacaitanyaM ca sazaH / teSAmunmattakAnAM ca na kiJcid vidyate'ntaram // 15 // CSV : sattvarajastamAMsi vayo gunnaaH| teSAM sAmyAvasthA pradhAnam / prasavAvasthA prkRtiH| medAnauM triguNAtmikA prakatiracetanApi satI puruSasya viditaviSayopa bhogautsukyAt puruSeNAbhedaM pratipadya sakalaM vikAragrAma prsuute| tavArya krmH| prytmhaan| mahAniti buddheH pryaayH| mahato'haGkAraH / evaM yeSAM vAdinA guNAnAM kartRtvamacaitanyaM cetyabhiprAyo vastutattvavicakSaNA : teSAmunmattakAnAJca na kizcid vidyate'ntaram iti pshynti| unmattako hi nAma viprystvijnyaansnttiH| sa hi viparyastena vijJAnena yathArthaM na pratipadyate viparItaM cAvadhArayatyasadarthaM ca. prlpti| tathA cAyamapi sAGkhyaH // 15 // 241 CSV : api cAsyAyaM puruSo vikAragrAmasyAkartA ca bhotA ca / guNAstu kartAro na tu bhoktaarH| tadayaM kartRtvamabholatvaM ca nikapapattikaM guNAnAmAvedayanatyantAyuktatAmevAtmanaH prakaTayatoti prativAdayannAha -- yon tan rnams kyis rnam kun tu! khyim la sogs dag byed ses kyi | za ba rnam par mi ses pa hdi las mi rigs gz'an ci yod || 16 || In a V wrongly kyi for kyis ; Vx of CSV du for tu * katai nAma vijAnanti gTahAdauna sarvathA guNAH / bhoktaM ca na vijAnanti kimayuktamataH param // 16 // CSV : yuktiviruddhatvAlokAsammatatvAcAsya matasya nAtaH paramayuktAtara'. mastItyabhiprAya iti // 16 // 1 Tib, lit. Namarsavastha (cha mnam pahi gnag skabg ni). . In X read ne bar for ce bar. * Tib. tha mi dad par: HPS abhedyam. * Tib. om. -tara.

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24211 CHAPTER X 242 CSV : evaM tAvagaNAnAM katatvamayuktam / yasyApyAtmaiva kartA dharmAdharmayoH phalasya copabhoktati mataM tasyApyAtmano nityatvamayuktam / [tathA hi -] bya ba dan Idan rtag pa med . kun tu son la bya ba med | bya ba med pa med dan mtshuns bdag med la khyod cis mi dgah || 17 || In a Vx of CSV rtags for rtag. In b MV, p. 116, note 3, hgro for som. * kriyAvAcchAkhato nAsti nAsti sarvagate kriyaa| niSkiyo nAstitAtulyo nairAmA kiM na te priyam // 17 // CSV : iha karotIti krtaa| tasya kriyAnibandhanaM krtRtvm| na vakiJcit kurvANo niheM tukaH kazcit karteti yujyate / sati ca kriyAvatve niyataM tu kriyAprAgava[ sthaavishesso'bhyupgntvyH| pUrvAparAvasthayonivizeSa 1 Tib. ad. darsane (ltar na) before atma. * Tib. udod pa ; HPS mahat. . Tib.deltar. * Tib.does not support tu and ad. kriyarambha kale'sya tat- (bya ba rtsom pahi dus na hdi la bya ba dehi). . 6 Tib. gnas skabs khyad par khas blan bar byaho Il sna phyini gnas skbs dag tu khyad par med pabi bdag ni snar gyi gnas skabs bz'in du bya ba dan ldan pa nid du mi hgyur roll. regpa me dan rlun la sogs pa bya ba dan ldan pa rnams la ni rtag pa nid yan ma yin te de bz'in du hdi la yan yod par mi bgyur ro | gz'an yan bdag haihi bya ba dan Idan pa nid mi rigs te thams cad na yod pa nid du khas blnas pahi phyir ro || bya ba z'es bya ba ni byed pa po brten paham las la brten par hgyur ba z'ig go li de han mnam pa gnis te byed pahi no bo dan dnos pani no boho || de la byed pa po la brten pa byed pahi no bo ni hdi Ita ste hgro bahi bya baho de ni hgro ba po lhas sbyin la gnas te de dan "brel ba las lhas sbyin bgro z'es bya bar brjod do de ni thams cad du son ba ma yin pahi phyir rkan pa hdegs pa dan hjog pahi mtshan nid can gyi bya bas yul sa phyi gnis gton ba dan len pahi phyir bya ba dan bcas pa rigs soll gal te hdi thams cad du son banid du rtog na dehi tshe gan du hgro bar hgyur ba hdi ne bar mi gnas pa gan z'ig na yod gan gi phyir hdi do Itar yin pa dehi phyir kun tu son la bya ba med! de bz'in du las la gnas pahi bya ba hgul bahi bdag nid can sbyar la sogs pa nas phyi bahi' no bo gan yin pa dan hchod pa la sogs pahi mi hgul bahi bdag nid can gan yin pa de yah byed pa po la gnas pabi byed pa dan dnos po gnis dan mtshuns par rig par byaho 11 dehi phyir de Itar na

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88 CATUHSATAKA [242 syAtmanaH pUrvAvasthAvat kriyAvatvaM naasti| na ca sparzavatA (?) kriyAvatAM vAtAmnayAdInAM nitytvm| tahadasyApi na sadbhAvaH / api cAsyAtmanaH kriyAvatvaM na yuktaam| sarvagatatvAbhyupagamAt / kriyA hi kAzritA vA karmAzritA vaa| sA ca dvividhaa| vyApArarUpA bhAvarUpA c| tatra kAzritA vyaapaarruupaa| tadyathA gmnkriyaa| sA hi gntdevdttsthaa| tatsambandhAda devadatto gcchtiityucyte| sa ca sarvagato na bhavatIti pAdotkSepaNAvakSepaNalakSaNayA kriyayA pUrvAparadezatyAgagrahaNAbhyAM kriyAvAn yujyte| ayaM tu yadi sarvagataH kalpAta tadA kvAyaM gacchedanupasthitazca ka bhvet| yasmAdetadevaM tasmAt . nAsti sarvagate kriyaa| tathA karmasthApi kriyA yA kamyAtmikA saMyogAdito bAhyarUpA (.) / yA ca paakaadirkmpaamikaa| sApi kartusthena vyApAraNa bhAvena ca dAbhyAM samprayuktA jnyeyaa| tsmaadev| kriyAvAJchAzvato nAsti nAsti sarvagate kiyaa| iti sthitm| athAtmA kriyArahita iti| evamapi nanu niSkiyo nAstitAtulyaH / niSkiyo hi bhAva AkAzakusumasamo na sn| prAtmanazca niSkriyatvAt sarvathAsadbhAvana nairAtmA kiM na te priyam / yadi nitya pAtmA nAsti kena hetunA nairAtmA te na priym| sakalAsadRSTinivRttihetutaH priyamavazyameva syAt // 17 // ] bya ba dan ldan rtag pa mod kun tu son la bya ba med ces bya ba gnas pa yin no || ho na ni bdag bya ba dan bral bar hgyur ro z'e na de Itar na yan! bya ba med pa med dan mtshuns ma yin nam dnog po bya ba med pa ni yod pa ma yin pa nam mkhah me tog la Boge pa dan mtshuns par hgyur ro lo bdag kyan bya ba med pahi phyir rnam pa thams oad du yod pa ma yin pas bdag med la khyod cis mi dgab gal te bdag rtag pa yod pa ma yin na rgyu gan gis khyod bdag med pa la mi dgah. ste dam pa ma yin pahi Ita ba mthah dag ldog pabi rgyu yin pahi phir dagb ba kho nar bgyur dgos so|| 1 Here the first letter of the word is illegible. It can be read either d or r. Thus the reading is either dag, suddha, or reg, sparsa, used in the sense of reg pa dan Idan, spareavat, . The reading seems to be defective.

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09 243) CHAPTER X The karika is cited entirely in MV, p. 116, while in the fragments (HPS, p. 490) there is only a. . 243 CSV: yan gal te bdag ces bya ba hdi hgah z'ig mehi tsha ba nid Itar ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe de ran gi no bo des yod pahi phyir nes par dmigs pa z'ig na de ltar yan ma yin no !| hdi Itar de ni rgol ba dag gis = api ca / yadyAtmetyayaM kazcidagneroSNAvat kharUpeNa syAt tadA sa tena svarUpeNa sdbhaavaaviytmuplbhyet| na vevmsti| tathA hi sa vaadibhiH-| la lar kun tu son bar mthon la lar skyes bu lus tsam z'ig | la larrdul tsam z'ig mthon ste ses rab can gyis med ces mthon || 18 || In b Vx of CSV once las for lar. As regards the reading in c V's text (noir et rouge) has la lar skyes bu rdul isam z'ig which is found also in our Vx. He has, however, changed it as follows observing that it is according to the Tib. commentary : la lar mthon ste rdul tsam z'ig. But the actual wording or the order of the words is different there as I have given above. There is no reason for his making the change which is worse. In d Vxx of CS and CSV gyi for gyis ; and V with Vx of CS par for ces. V sarvagah kenacid drsto dehamatras tu kenacit drsto'pumatrah kenapi prajnenasan sa drsyate || 18 || V has here ignored Tib. skyes bu, Skt. purusa or pumas, leaving it untranslated. I may offer the following dRzyate sarvagaH kaizcikaizcitkAyamitaH pumAn / dRzyata'NamitaH kaizcitpArnAstIti dRzyate // 18 // CSV de la kha cig dag gis ni lus re re z'igi tha mi dad pabi bdag thams cad du son bar rtogs so || gz'an dag gis ni hgro ba mthab dag gi bdag zla ba ltar gcig kho nar rtogs so || deui tha dad pa ni lus tha dad pa las btags pa po ste | hbru mar dan chu la sogs pasi snod tha dad pas zla ba si gzugs brnan tha dad pa bz'in no || de yan thams cad du son ba z'ig stel de ltar . 12

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CATUHSATAKA [244 la lar kun tu son bar mthon no li la lart skyes bu lus stam z'ig ste hdi ltar la la dag gis ni sbran bu mchu rins dan grog ma dan glan po che la sogs parnams la bdag lus stam z'ig yin pahi phyir z'um pa dan rgyas pa nid du rtogs so || gz'an dag gis ni hdi z'um pa dan rgyas pahi chos nid du mi bzod pa na bdag, rdul phra rab tsam z'ig tu rtogs so || de bz'in gsegs pahi gsun la brten te yan dag pasi ses pa skye z'in rten cinhbrel bar thbyun baui chos nid mnon par ses pa ses rab can dag gis ni yod pa ma yin pa kho nar dmigs so || gal te de ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe nes par dnos po hi de kho na nid phyin ci ma log par mthon bahi sans rgyas pa dag gis bdag nid des dmigs par "gyur z'in mu stegs can rnams la yan de Itar lta ba tha dad par mi hgyur ba z'ig na hdi thams cad yod pa yan yin pas bdag ran gi dros po no bos yod pa ma yin no | =tatra kecitpatizama bhinnaM sarvagatamAtmana prtipdynte| anye sakalajagadAmAna candravadekameva prtipdynte| tasya ca bhedo dehabhedAdaupacArikaH / tailatajalAdipAvabhedena cndrprtibimbbhedvt| sa ca svNgtH| evaM dRzyate sarvagaH kecitkazcitkAyamitaH pumAn / eva' kecid bhramarasArasapipIlikAhatyAdInAmAtmA kAyamAna iti [ tasya ] socaM vistAraM ca prtipdynte| anye'sya saMzocavistAradharmamasahamAnA AtmA paramANumAtra iti prtipdynte| tathAgatoktimAzritya jAtasamyagjJAnAH pratItyasamutpAdadhAbhijJAnaprajJAvantastu [sa] naasyevetyuplbhnte| yadi sa svarUpeNa syAt tadA niyataM sa khalu bhaavo'vipriitdrshnebddraamkhenoplbhyet| tothikAnAM caivaM nAnA darzana na syAt / prasti caitat sarvamiti nAtyAtmA svabhAvarUpeNa // 18 // CSV: yan gal te bdag ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe de rnam par mi hgyur ba nid kyi phyir grol bar mi hgyur ro | ne 1x las. 244

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244] CHAPTER X 91 bar htshe ba dan bcas sig de la rgyab kyis phyogs pasi skyes bu la ni de ldog pa bde bar hgyur srid kyi l bdag rtag pahi ne bar htshe ba med pa la ni ma yin no | = af TI JU GOT el!A act fafalarcha gfma erai sopadravasya hi tatra parAmakhasya puruSasya tato nivRtyA kuzalaM sambhavati na tvAtmano nityasya nirupadravyasya / rtag la gnod pa ga la yod | gnod med thar pa ga la yod | des na gan gi bdag rtag pa | de yi thar pa mi rigs so. || 19 ||| In a V and Vx of CSV z'ig for yod. See karika 267. In b V ha for pa. In d Vx of CSV la for yi. V nityasya kasyacid duhkham aduhkhasyasti nirvstih | * nityo yasya bhaved atma tasya mokso na yujyate || 19 || Here ga la in' a and b means Skt. kutah or katham, as V himself, too, has taken elsewhere (karika 351). It cannot mean kasyacit as he writes here. He seems to have confounded it with gan la. In the same line gnod should not have been translated by duhkha for which in Tib. generally we have sdug bsnal. I should like to use here badha (See AKB, Tib., p. 23, 11. 15-16; AKV p. 35, 11. 9, 12). As regards the translation of thar pa by nirvrti, as he has done, see my note on the karika 220 where I have fully discussed it. I would translate the karika as follows: Mwag natut Aa) araf faar gra: 1 tenAtmA zAzvato yamya tasya mokSo na yujyate // 18 // ... CSV : phan pa dan gnod pa dag las khyad par med pahi phyir na gan z'ig thar pahi gnas skabs su yod par hgyur ba | hdi la de Itar med pa ni ci z'ig yod || dehi phyir rnam pa thams cad du khyad par med paai phyir bdag rtag par smra ba la thar pa mi rigs so llo - upakArApakArAbhyA nirvizeSAt kA syaanmokssaavsthaa| kizcAsyA evmbhaav| tasmAtsarvathA nirvizeSAdAtmanityatvavAdino mokSo na yujyate // 18 //

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92 CATUHSATAKA (245 245 CSV : gz'an yan ya mtshan can thams cad kyis bdag tu hdzin pa dan l bdag girl hdzin pa rnam pa thams cad zad par bya hahi phyir grol ba khas blans te deui phyir de dag la grol bahi gnas skabs na = any| sarvaiH pASaNDikairAtmagrAhAtmIyagrAhayoH sarvathA kSapaNIyatvAn muktirbhyugtaa| tasmAtteSAM muktyvsthaayaam-| gal te bdag ces bya yod na bdag med snam pa mi rigs sin | de nid rig pa nes pa las mya nan hdas hgyur z'es byahan brdzun || 20 || In a Vx of CSV wrongly adds ba after bya . In b after snam Vx of C$ par for pa, while that of CSV ste for it. In c V with Vx of CS rigs for rig; and for nes which is supported by Vxx of CS and CSV V reads des which does not give here any sense. It seems, however, that he was aware of that reading (nes), for he gives its Skt. equivalent, nunam (a), though wrongly construed. In d V and Vx of CSV gyur for hgyur. V nunam atma yadi bhaven nairatmyam naiva bhavyate suyuktito'pi nirvanam vitatham tasya jayate || 20 || I cannot follow V specially with regard to the second half of his restoration. Nor is there anything in the Tib. text for his su in suyuktito (c) and tasya (d). I may offer the following: bhavedAtmeti cennaiva yuktaM nairAtmAcintanam / tattvajJAnena niyataM nirvANamiti cAnRtam // 20 // CSV: gal te bdag ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe ran gi no bo la Idog pa med pahi phyir thar pahi gnas skabs na yan yod pa nid du hgyur ro || dehi phyir thar pahi gnas skabs naa bdag tu hdzin paui rgyu gegs dbyun med pahi bdag yod pahi phyir bdag med do z'es de Itar bdag tu hdzin pa spans pa mi rigs so dehi phyir bdag gi de kho na nid rig pa nes pas bdag tu hdzin pa 1 x gar. * Di.

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246] CHAPTER X 93 spans pa las mya nan las hdah bar thgyur ro / z'es bya ba yani brdzun te der yan nar hdzin pa yod pahi phyir ro lo = yadyAtmA svarUpeNa syAttadA svarUpanivRttya bhAvAnmokSAvasthAyAmapi [tasya] sajAvaH syAt / tammAmmokSAvasthAyAmanapanItAtmagrAhahetupratibandhasyAtmanaH sajAvAdAtmA nAstItyevamAtmanAhAhANaM na yuktAm / tasmAdAtmatattvajJAnena niyavamAtmagrAhaprahANAnirvANa bhvtiitydhynRtm| tatrApyAmagrAhasadbhAvAt // 20 // 246 CSV: ci ste bdag yod na thar pahi gnas skabs na bdag tu hdzin pa hjug par thal bas hjigs nas grol bahi gnas skabs na bdag yod pa nid du khas mi len na de Itar yin dan ma yin nam || =prathAtmasadbhAve mokSAvasthAyAmAtmagrAhapravRtti prAtyA bhayAnmuktyavaskhAyAmAtmano'stitvaM naabhyupgmyte| nanvevamapi bhavati / gal te grol ba med nid na de ni snar yan med pa nid mi ldan pa la gan mthon ba | de ni ran bz'in z'es byar bsad || 21 !! In a Vx of CSV 'yod for med, and med for nid after pa in b. - V wrongly pa for ba after mthon in c, and bar for byar in d. V yadi nasty eva nirvanam tat prag api na vidyate | drstam yan manuse nama sattvam tasyaiva bhasyate ||21|| I am unable to accept it. In c the Tib. text mi ldan pa does not mean manusa as V thinks. I may translate the karika as follows: mukto yadi bhavanaiva bhavetyAgapi naiva sH| asaMyukta hi yadRSTaM sa svabhAva itIryate // 21 // CSV : hbrel ba can gyi chos dan mi ldan zin khyad par ran Here comes the karika.

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94 CATUHSATAKA [247 gi no bo tsam la gnas pahi dnos po tsam la cha ji tsam z'ig dmigs pa de ni dehi ran bz in no | zes bya bar rnam par bzag ste | de las gz'an paui chos dan ma hdres pahi phyir ro || dper na zad mi ses pahi gser gyi de las gz'an pasi sbrel ba can Icags yons su zad pa las rnam par byan bahi gnas skabs gan yin pa de deui ran bz'in du rnam par bz'ag pa de bz'in du grol bahi bdag gi ses pa rnam par byan bahi gnas skabs su ses pahi khyad par gyi no bo gani hdra bazig snan ba de yan dehi ran bz in yin no || zes bya bar rigs nao cun zad cig snan ba yan ma yin te bdag tu hdzin pa hjug par thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro || dehi phyir thar pali sna rol gyi gnas skabs na yan deui ran bz'in de kho na yin par rigs so 11deg dehi phyir bdag ran gi no bos grub pa yod pa ma yin 'no | z'es bya par gnasso || __ =sambandhidharmAsaMyuktasya svarUpavizeSamAtrAvasthitasya bhAvamAtrasya yAvAnaMza upalabhyate sa tasya svabhAva iti vyvsthaa| dharmAntarAmizraNAt / yathAjJAtakSayasya suvarNasya tadanyasya sambandhino lohasya parikSayAda yA vizuddhAvasthA [sa] tasya svabhAvo vyavasthApyate tathA muktasyAtmano vizuddhajJAnAvasthAyAM jJAnasya yaH svarUpavizeSo dRzyate tattasya svarUpamiti yuktineSadapi dRzyate / ahngkaarprvRttiprsnggaat| tasmAnmokSasya pUrvAvasthAyAmapi sa tasya svabhAvo bhavatyeveti yuktam / tasmAdAtmA svarUpeNa na sidhyatIti sthitam // 2 // 247 CSV: "dir smras pagal te bdag med na dehi tshe skad cig re re la hjig pahi nan can gyi hdu byed rnams skyes ma thag tu hjig pasi phyir chad par Ita bar hgyur la ! dnos po skad cig mahi rten bdag skad cig ma ma yin pa yod pas rnam par thams cad du med par khas ma blans pa las chad par Ita ba yod pa ma yin no! bsad par bya ste | =prvaah| yadyAtmA na syAttadA pratikSaNavinAzazIlAnAM saMskArANA mutpattyanantaraM bhnggaaduccheddRssttiH| vainAzikAnAM bhAvAnAmAtraya AtmA tvavainAzika iti sarvathAbhAvAnabhyapagamAtrAstya ccheddRssttiH| ucyate ---- / Ixoi for gan. - Read ni.

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247] CHAPTER X 96 gal te mi rtag chad yin nal da dun rtsa sogs rnams cis yod! hdi ni gal te bden hgyur na su lahan gti mug kyan mi hbyun || 22 || In a Vand Vx of CSV na ni for yin na. In b V rtsha (evidently for rtsa ba) for rtsa, and with Vx of CS ci ste yod for rnams cis yod. In d V hgyur for hbyun. Vucchedo yady anityasya tnnadeh sambhavah katham | sad idam cet tada kasyapy. avidyaiva na jayate || 22 || In the Tib. text there is nothing for V's trnadi in b, rtsa logs meaning muladi. Evidently he has confounded rtsa with rtswa which means trna. The word bden in c should be translated by satya and not by sat as he has done. In his restoration he has ignored da dun 'still", Skt. adyapi (6). In d gti mug should be rendered into Skt. by moha and not by avidya. Accordingly I may suggest the following: ucchedazcedanityasya mUlAdyadyApi kiM bhavet / yadi satyaM bhavedetatra mohaH kasyacidbhavet // 22 // CSV: hjig rten na ni mi rtag pahi don chad pas rtog pa yod pa ma yin te hdi ltar skal pa dan po nas bz'agi pa rtsa dan lcuga ma dan ljon sin la sogs pa rnams rgyu dan Ibras buki nbrel ba hjug pahi rim pa rnam par chad pa med par da dun yan hbyun bar dmigs so Il yan gal te mi rtag pa chad par hgyur na ni dehi tshe: rgyun mi hjug pahi mtsan nid can gyi hjig par hgyur te dehi phyir ji ltar rtsa la sogs pa hdi rnams da dun duhan dmigs par hgyur | dmigs pa las ni mi rtag pa la chad pa yod pa ma yin no i z'es bya bar rtogs so lhdi ni gdon mi za bar de Itar khas blan bar byaho de lta ma yin te mi rtag pa chad do z'es bya bahi Ita ba hdi gal te ji Ita bahi don can du hgyur na ni dehi tshe nes par sems can gan la yan gti mug kyan mihbyun no llo mi rtag pa yan chad pa yin pas nes par chad pa nid kyi phyir ma rig pas thjug par mi bya ba z'ig go || desi phyir hkhor ba ldog pahi sgrib pa med par bsgrub par bya bar hgyur la || hjig rten 1 X lougs. * Not in x.

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96 CATUHSATAKA [248 thams cad kyi ma rig pa spans pas hgah yan de klo na nid ma mthon ba nid du mi hgyur ba z'ig na hdi ni de Itar yan ma yin pas mi rtag pa la chad pa med do || ___ = loke hi nAnityArthocchedena klpnaa| tathA hi| prathamakalpAt sthitAnAM mUlamUlAGkaradrumAdInAM hetuphalasambandhapravRttikamo'vicchedenAdyApyupalabhyate / api c| yadyanityasyocchadastadA santAnApravRttilakSaNo vinaashH| tatazva kathametAni mUlAdInyadyApyupalabhyante / upannambhAcca nAnityasyoccheda ityavagamyata ityavazya mevaivamabhyupagantavyam / na caivam / yadyanityasyoccheda itIyaM dRSTiyathArthA tadA niyataM na kasyApi sattvasya mohaH / __ anityasyoccheda iti ca niyamanocchedAdavidyayA pravRttina syaat| tasmAtsaMsAraviparyAsAvaraNaM vinaiva sAdhyaM syAt sarvasya ca lokasyAvidyApahANAtkiJcidapi tattvaM nAdRSTamityevamapi na bhavatIti nAnityasyocchedaH // 22 248 CSV: ci ste dros po mthah dag hbyun bahi rgyu bdag rtag pa nid yod pas rgyu des hjug pa rtsa la sogs pa rnams la chad par lta ba yod pa ma yin no snam na de yan yod pa ma yin te dnos. po rtag pa rgyu dan rkyen la rag ma las par hbyun ba hgah la yan yod pa nid med doz'es snar bstan te yod pa ma yin pahi bon bu rwa ltar hgro ba hjug pahi rgyu nid du mi rigs pas de yod paui rgyu can hgro bahi hjug pa yod pa mal yin no Il yan na bdag yod du chud mod hdihi hgro ba thjug pahi rgyu nid ni mi rigs so || hdi ltar | atha sakalabhAvodrabahetorAtmano nityatvamiti na tena hetunA pravRttamUlAdInAmucchedadRSTiriti / tadapi na bhvti| na hi kvApi hetupratyayAnAyattInavo nityo bhAvo vidyata iti prAk prtipaaditm| asataya kharaviSANavajjagatpravRttihetutvaM na yuktamiti nAsti tatsadbhAvanibandhanA jagaprakRttiH / athavA grAmasadbhAvo nivezyate jagato'sya pravRttihetureva na yukto bhavet / tathA hi -1 bdag ni yod par gyur nahan gzugs | gz'an las hbyun bar snan gyur la 1xla.

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CHAPTER X 97 gz'an las gnas par snan gyur z'in ! gz'an las rnam par hjig par snan || 23 |! Ind Vx of CS with X of V hjigs pa snan gyur snar for rnam par hjig par snan. V sttayam atmano rupam anyodbhutam bi drsyate | i drstvaiva sthitim anyasya vinaso'nyasya drsyate || 23 | Here in Tib. gz'an las used thrice (b, c, and d) is evidently ablative, but V has taken it twice (c and d) as genitive without authority. Consequently the thought is upset. I may suggest the following: sadbhAve'pyAtmano rUpasyodbhavo dRshyte'nytH| dRzyate sthitiranyasmAdinAzo dRzyate'nyataH // 23 // CSV: gal te dnos po rnams bdag gi rgyu can du hgyur na ni de rnams bdag las gz'an du gyur pahi dnos po gz'an las hbyun bar mi hgyur ba. dig na | nor bu dai bua sim dai ni ma phrad pa las me hbyun ba dan | zla ba dan phrad na nor bu chu sel las chu hdzag pa dan | sa bon la sogs pa dag las myu gu la sogs pa rnams hjugi pa dan nur nur po la sogs pahi hbyun ba chen po dag las ji ltar gon bu? mer mer po dangor gor po dan lmkhran gyur dan rkan lag hgyur ba dan | nin lag hgyur3 barnams dan de las mig la sogs pa mnams dmigs pa yan yin no || de Itar na gzugs ni gz'an las thbyun bar dmigs so || yan gal te hdi dag thams cad bdag gi byed pa po can nid yin na ni gzugs hdi thjug pa de kho na las yin par rig yoda | rgyu gz'an brtags pas ci z'ig bya 11deg desi phyir rgyu kho na las hgro ba hjug par hgyur bas bdag rgyu nid du brtag pa don med pa hdis ci bya | jiltar gzugs gz'an las hbyun ba mthon na de bz'in du gnas pa yan gz'an las yin par snan ste rgyu bud sin dan sbyors ba la sogs pa las me la sogs pahi don gnas par mthon bahi phyir ro !! gz'an las rnam par hjig par snan | 1 X hdzug. ix du. See note 1, p. 98. & Xhgyus. See MVP. (Bib. Ind.), XXXVIII. 5, p. 42, where we have rkan lag hgyur ba, 6 X sbor .X rag mod. 13

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98 CATUHSATAKA [249 ste | bud sin ma tshan ba la sogs pahi rgyu las so lo dehi phyir bdag ran gi no bos yod pa ma yin no || =yadi bhAvA AtmahetukAsta AtmanaH pRthagbhUtAjJAvAntarAn nobhveyuH| mnniindhnsuurysNyogaadgnirudbhvti| candrasamAgame candrakAntamaNitaH salilaM srvti| bojAdibhyo'GgurAdayaH prvrtnte| kalalAdibhyo mahAbhUtebhyo yathA piNDAdabudAhanAt prazAkhAyAH pratyaGgebhyazca tebhyshckssuraadiimyuplbhynte| evaM sati rUpamanyasmAdudbhavatItyupalabhyate / api ca yadyetat sarvamAtmakaTa kameva syAdrapasyAsya pravRttistasmAdevetyu plbhyetaiv| kiM hetvantara priikssyaa| tatazca hetuta eva jagatpravRttiriti kimanayA nirarthayAtmakaTa katvaparIkSayA / yathA rUpasyAnyasmAdudbhavo dRzyate sthitirpyevmnysmaadRshyte| indhanasaMyogAdetoragnAAdyarthasiddherdarzanAt / __vinAzo dRshyte'nytH| indhanavaikalyAdehetoH / tasmAnAstAtmA svarUpeNa // 23 // 249 CSV : gan gi tshe rtag pa las skye ba med pa dehi tshe hjig rten na| =yadA na nityAjjAtistadA loke-| ji ltar sa bon byas pa las myu gu byas pa skye hgyur bal de bz'in mi rtag thams cad ni | mi rtag dag las hbyun bar hgyur || 24 | V yathaiva krtakad bijad ankurah krtako bhavet anityebhyas tatha sarvam anityam kila jayate ||24 || I may slightly modify it : yathA hi katakAhIjAjjAyate kRtako'GkaraH / / anityebhyastathA sarvemanityameva jAyate // 24 // 1 Here I could not translate the Tib. word mkhran gyur which according to Jachko means the fourth stage of the development of the fetus. The Skt. words in this connection are the following: kalala, nur nur po (In the MVp. loc. cit. read nur for chur); ghana, gor gor po ; pinda, gon bu (Accordingly I read bu for du, p, 97, note 2); arbuda, mer mer po; pesi, nar nar po (We have not it in our text); pra sakha, rkan lag hgyur ba('hands and feet').See Astang airdaya,Sarirasthana,1.55: Caraka, Sarirasthana, 4.8; Susruta, Sarirasthana, 3. 18. Cf. MKa, IV.59: gatha mayamayad bijaj jayate tanmayo'hkurin.

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99 250] CHAPTER X CSV: ji ltar rgyu dan rkyen gz'an la rag las te hbyun bahi sa bon byas pa ran bz'in gyis ma grub cin rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba las myu gu byas pa ste | ran nid kyis rnam par gnas pa ma yin pa ran bz in med cin ran bz'in gyis ston pa ste | de bz in du mkhas pas dpe hdi dnos po gz'an rgyu dan hbras buhi gnas skabs mi snan ba chod pa dan phra ba rnams dan | tshor ba la sogs pa gzugs can ma yin pa rnams dan | rgyu las dan non mons pa las hdas pa hdu byed zag pa med pa rnams kyan ran bz'in med pahi rgyu las ran bz'in med pa hbyun ba yin no | z'es bya bar nes par byaho || = yathA hetupratyayAntarAyattodbhavAt svabhAvAsiddhAhojAt pratItyasamutpAdAdakhuraH katakaH svayamavyavasthito niHsvabhAvaH prakRtizUnyastathA paNDitenAnena dRSTAntena bhAvAntarANAmaprakAzAvRtAH sUkSmA hetuphalAvasthA arUpiNo vedanAdayo hetukarmaklezAtItA anAsravAH saMskArAzca (?) niHsvabhAvAda hetoni:svabhAvA jAyanta iti nirNayam // 24 // 250 . CSV : de Itar yin dan gan du hdu byed rnams la rtag pa dan chadi paui rdo rjehi thog hjig rten pa dan thjig rten las hdas pahi rgyu dan hbras buki nbrel barab tu hjoms pa hbab pa de yan mkhas pas rten cin hbrel bar hbyun bahi rig snags kyis ches rgyad rin por bzlog pa yin no | zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | . . = evaM ca yatra saMskArANAM zAzvatocchedavavAzanilaukikalokottarahetuphalasambandhaponmUlanaH patati [tatra tamapi paNDitaH pratItyasamutpAdajJAnaprazaMsayAtidUrAda vArayatIti prtipaadyvaah-| gan phyir dnos po hjug thgyur ba | des na chad par mi hgyur z'in | gan phyir dnos po ldog hgyur bal des na rtag par mi hgyur ro || 25 || rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya las bdag dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste | rab tu byed pa beu paho || In b Vs of CSV de nas for des na. 1x tshad.

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100 (250 CATUHSATAKA * yasmAtpravartate bhAvastenocchedo na jAyate / yasmAvivartate bhAvastena nityo na jAyate // 25 // = yogAcAra catuHzatake AtmapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzana dazama prakaraNam // 10 // CSV: dnos po ni hbyun bahi chos can te hbras bu myu gu la sogs paho ! gan gi phyir rgyu sa bon z'es bya ba las hbras bu myu gu hbyun ba dehi phyir sa bon z'es bya ba chad par mi hgyur ro || gal te myu gu la sogs pahi rgyun ma skyed par me dan phrad pa las yin pa Itar sa bon hgag par hgyur na ni deni tshe chad pa lta bar hgyur na myu gu la sogs pa thjug pa yod par mthon ba las ni sa bon chad? par lta mi srid do || tshig lehur byas pahi dnos pohi sgra gnis pa ni rgyu rjod par byed pa ste | hdi las hbras bu hbyun ba z'es byas nas soll yan gal te myu gu z'es bya bahi hbras bu z'ugs kyan ran gi no bos gnas pas sa bon mi ldog na deni tshe sa bon rnam par mi hbyun ba mathon bahi phyir rtag par Ita bar hgyur na | hdi ni de ltar yan ma yin te sa bon ldog2 par mathon bahi phyir roll gal te ldog par mi hgyur na ni dehi tshe de las myu gu gz'an yan hbyun bar hgyur ba z'ig na hdir ni de yan ma yin pas ! gan phyir dnos po Idog hgyur bal des na rtag par mi hgyur ro de yan ran gi no bos ma grub pas sa bon dan myu gu gnis de nid ran gz'an nid du rtog pa dag mi srid pa las hgrub pas dros po Inams ran bz'in med par ches gsal bar grub bo || ___=bhAvo bhavanadharmI phlmshraadiH| yasmAdbojAkhyAyeto: phaslamaGkaro bhavati tammAhojaM naamaanucchedm| yadyagurAdisantAnamanutpAdayadamnisa'. yogAdiva bIjaM nirudhyate tdoccheddRssttiH| aGkarAdiprakRttisadbhAvadarzanAta bojasyocchedadRSTine sambhavati / kArikAyAM to hitoyo bhAvazabdo hetuvAcakaH phalamasmAdbhavatIti ktvaa| api ca / yadyaGkarAkhya phale pravRtte'pi svabhAvAvasthityA bojaM na nivarteta tadA bojsyaavikaardrshnaacchaashvtdRssttiH| na tvedadeva bhavati / 3 Not in x. 1x tshad x log.

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101 250] CHAPTER XI biijnittidrshnaat| yadi na nivarteta tadA tasmAdArAntaramapi bhavet / na ceha tadbhavatIti yammAnivartate bhAvastena nityo na jaayte| so'pi svabhAvenAsiddha iti bIjAkurau hAvapi tatvAnyatvakalpanAsambhavAdasihAviti bhAvAnAM niHsvabhAvatvamativyakta sicam // 25 // The Skt. karika is cited in MV, p. 367.

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CHAPTER XI DUS DGAG PA BSGOM PA BSTAN PA kAlapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam 251 CSV: hdir dus smra ba ni gzugs la sogs pa rnams gaz'an las hbyun ba mthon bahi phyir dan hjig rten gyi mnon sum ma yin paui phyir dan | hbras bu hgah mad ma mthon ba rjes su dpag las go bar bya ba ma yin pa nid kyi phyir na bdag yod pa ma yin no | z'es gan smras pa yin gyi | rnam pa thams cad du dnos po rtag pa rnams med pa ni ma yin te dus yod pahi phyir ro || hdi na sa dan chu dan me dan rlun dan nam mkhah dan sa bon la sogs pa rnams yod kyan res hgah myu gu dan me tog la sogs pa rnams kyi skye ba dan hjig pa dag med pahi phyir la ci ste res hgah yod pahi phyir dus z'es bya ba hbras bu de mthon ba las dpag pa yod do || de ni skad cig dan than cig dan yud tsam la sogs pa gsal bar bya z'in | hdas'pa dan ma hons pa dan da ltar byun ba ste dus gsum na ranm par gnas pahi dnos po las tha dad pa rtag pa z'ig go , z'es smraho || . hdi la brjod par bya ste gal te dus ses bya ba dnos po las tha dad cin bar(?) sest grub pa yod par hgyur na ni de skye ba dan hjig pahi rgyu nid du hgyur na de Itar yan ma yin te dnos po las tha dad par ldzin par thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro || gan z'ig yod nadnos po la hjug dan Idog pahan dmigs hgyur ba de ni gz'an gyi dban hgyur te des ni hbras bur yan hgyur ro || z'es bya ba la sogs pas dgag z'in pahi phyir yan ran gi mtshan nid kyis grub pahi dus la hjug pa dan Idog pahi rgyu nid yod pa ma yin no || gz'an yan dus gsum pa gan dag dus kyi khyad par gyi no bor rnam par bz'ag pa de dag kyan lus can ma yin pa nid kyis ran 1 x sis. * X ni.

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261] .. CHAPTER XI 103 bz'in las nes par mi nus pahi phyir ran gi no bos rnam par bz'ag par mi nus kyi de dag gi bsnad par bya bahi dnos poui khyad par bum pa la sogs pahi sgo nas ni rnam par bz'ag par nus so ll de dag ni dnos po las tha dad pahi ran bz'in yin z'in tshor ba la sogs pa Itar nams su myon bahi rnam pa ma yin la gzugs dan sgra la sogs pa bz'in dban pohi sgo nas yons su gcod par bya ba yan ma yin no || deni phyir bum pa la sogs pahi sgo kho na nas de dag gi khyad par yons su gcod pahi phyir deni sgo nas dus gsum bkag pas dus dgag par mdzad par bz'ed pas bsad pa = pravAha kaalvaadii| rUpAdInAmanyasmAdudbhavadarzanAlokasyApratyakSatvAtkasyacitsatyasya * phalasyAdarzanenAnumAnAgamyatvAcca mAstyAtmeti yadunA na [ tena ] sarvathA nityAnAM bhaavaanaambhaavH| kAlasadbhAvAt / iha kSitisalilajvalanapavanAkAzabIjAdisadbhAve'pi kadAcitkusumAgurAdInAmutpAdabhaGgayorabhAvAdatha kadAcidbhAvAtkAlo nAma ttphldrshnaanmaanm| sa ca kSaNapalamuhatIdivyaJjanIyo'tIto'nAgatoH pratyutpannazca kAlatrayavyavasthitAdvAvAzibo nitya iti| ptrocyte| yadi kAlo nAma bhAvAzino jJAnasiddho bhavagavatsa utpaadbhngghetuH| na vevmsti| bhAvAzivatvena grhnnprsnggaat| yasminbhAve pravRttizca nivRtticoplbhyte| anyAyatto bhavatyeSa kAryastena ca jAyate // ityAdinA (207 = IX. 7) pratiSiSThatvAdapi skhalakSaNasiddhasya kAlasya na pravRttinivRtti hetutvam / / any| ye trayaH kAlAH kAlasya svabhAvavizeSaNAvasthitAste'pyamUttavena kharUpeNa niNetumazakyatvAba zakyante khabhAvana vyavasthApayitum / teSAmAkhyAtavyasya bhAvasya vizeSo ghaTAdihArA zakyo vyavasthApayitum / te ta bhAvabhinakharUpA vedanAdivadanubhavAkArA na rUpazabdAdivadindriyahAga pricchettvyaaH| tasmAiTAdihAraiva teSAM vizeSaH paricchidyata iti tadvArA kAlatrayaniSedhana kAlapratiSedhaM kartukAma paah-| ma hons bum la da Itar bahi | bum yod ma yin hdas pa med /

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104 CATUHSATAKA . (251 gan phyir de gni ma hons pa de phyir ma hons yod ma yin || 1 || In a V and Vx of CSV pa for la. In c Vx of CSV pas for pa. V nanagato vartamano ghato'tito na vidyate | anagatam dvayam yena tena na syad anagatah || 1 || According to the reading adopted by him V's French translation is right, but his Skt. is defective as it can not give that sense, nor does it include the meaning of de of de gnis in c. Follow ing the commentary given below I should like to translate thus : panAgate ghaTe vartamAno'tItaca no ghaTaH / yasmAdanAgatau tau hau nAsti tasmAdanAgataH // 1 // CSV: ma hons pahi dus ne bar mtshon par bya bahi don du ma hons pahi bum pa ne bar bkod la ll de bz'in du hdas pa dan da Itar byun bahi dus ne bar mtshon pahi don du hdas pa dan da ltar byun bahi bum pa ne bar bkod do || de la ma hons pa ni da ltar byun bahi dus su ma phyin paho || \das pa ni de nid las hdas paho || da ltar byua ba ni skyes la ma hgags paho 11deg dus gsum po de dag kyan phan tshun bltos pa nid du gnas te gnis gnis la ma bltos par re re med pahi phyii ro !!! de ma hons pahi bum pa gan yin pa de la da Itar bahi bum pa yod pa ma yin la hdas pa yan ma yin te mtshan nid tha dad pahi phyir dan gcig la gcig mi srid pahi phyir ro || gan gi tshe de Itar ma hons pahi bum pa la da ltar ba dan hdas pa gnis yod pa ma yin pa deni tshe da lta ba dan hdas pa gnis kyan ma hons par ma hons pas de gnis kyan ma hons par hgyur ro | ji ltar ma hons pa da Itar du ma hons pa las ma hons pa yin pa de bz'in du da ltar dan hdas pa gnis kyan ma hons par ma hons pas ma hons par hgyur rogal te da Itar du ma kons pa las ma kons pa yin gyi ma hons par ma hons pa las ni ma yin no z'e na hdi ni de Itar ma yin tema hons pa grub pa yod na ni da Itar dan hdas pa gnis hgrub na gan gi tshe ma hons pa nid med pa dehi tshe ji ltar hdas pa ham da ltar byun bar hguyr | hdi la dgons nas slob dpon ma thors pa med par bstan pa bz'ed de de nid kyi phyir |

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252] CHAPTER XI 105 gan phyir de gnis ma hons pa de phyir ma hons yod ma yin || z'es bsad del gan gi phyir gni ga yan ma hons pa yin pa deni tshe gsum car yan ma hons pa nid du hgyur la gsum car ma hons pa nid yin na yan da ltar byur ba dan hdas pa gnis mi srid pahi phyir gan du ma hons pa las ma hons par rnam par bz'ag || deni phyir ma hons pani dus yod pa ma yin no || = anAgata: kAla upavyAkhyAtavya iti tadarthamanAgato ghaTa upanyastaH / tathAtItapratyupatrakAlopavyAkhyAnArtha mtiitprtyutpnghttopnyaasH| tatrAnAgato na pratyutpanna kAla praaptH| atItastataH evaatiitH| pratyu tyatro jAto'niruddhaH / ___te ca trayaH kAlAH parasparApekSayaiva sthitaaH| hau hAvanapekSyai kaiko na bhavatIti / yaH so'nAgato ghaTo na tasminvartamAno ghaTo naapytiitH| lkssnnbhedaaditretraasmbhvaacc| yadaivamanAMgate ghaTe vartamAno'tItazca hAvapi na vidyate tadA vartamAno'tItaca haavpynaagtaavnaagttvenaanaagtau| yathAnAgato vartamAne'nAgatatvenAnAgatastathA vartamAno'tItazca haavpynaagtaavnaagttvenaanaagtau| yadi vartamAne'nAgatatvenAnAgato nAnAgato'nAgatatveneti / naitadevam / anAgatasiddhau vartamAnasyAtItasya ca hayoH sibhiH| yadi tvanAgata eva nAsti tadA kuto'tItaH pratyutpano vA bhvet| idamabhipretyAcAryosnAgatasyAbhAva pratipAdayitukAmastata eva . . yasmAdanAgatau tau ho nAsti tsmaadnaagtH|| ityaah| yasmAdubhAvapyanAgato tadA trayo'pyanAgatA ev| trayANAmanAgatatve cAtItapratyatpabayorasambhavAtkuto'nAgatatvenAnAgato vyvsthaapyte| tasmAnAstyanAgataH kAlaH // 1 // 252 CSV: ci ste ma hons pahi bum pa rnam pa thams cad du med pa nid ma yin gyis ma hons pani no bor ma hons paki bum pa la yod pa yin te deni phyir ma yons pa la yod pas hdas pa tha dad par grub pa yod na yan ma hons pa yod pa kho naho snam du sems nal de lta na yan | -patha mnyte| anAgato ghaTaH sarvathA nAstye veti n| anAgatasya 14 .

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106 CATUHSATAKA [263 svabhAvo'nAgate ghaTe vidyate / tasmAdanAgatasya sadbhAvena pRthagatItasyApi siSThisadbhAva vidyata evAnAgata iti| evamapi --- / gal te zig pa ma hois pahi | no bo ma hons la yod na ma hons bdag nid du yod gan | de ni ji ltar hdas par hgyur || 2 || In 6 V and Vx of CS bor for bo. V anagatasya nastasya svabhavas ced anagate anagatah svato yah syat so'tito jayate katham || 2 || In a of the Tib. text z'ig pa means nasto as V says, and here nasta is used in the sense of aiiia as clear from the commentary and supported by Chinese. In order to make the sense clear I should, therefore, like to use the word atita slightly modifying the restoration of V as follows: yadyatotAnAgatayoH svabhAvaH syaadnaagte| anAgataH svayaM yaH syAdatItaH sa katha' bhavet // 2 // CSV : gni ga gal te hdas pa ma hons pa nid du ma hons pahi bum pa la yod do snam du sems na ni dehi tshe hdas pa nid du mi rigs te khyod kyi lugs kyis ma ho's pa la yod pahi phyir te ma hons pa ran gi bdag nid bz'in no || desi phyir nes pa de nid du hgyur ro || = yAbhayamatItvamanAgatatvaM cAnAta ghaTe vidyata iti manyate tadAtItatva na yuktm| tvammatanAmAgatatvasya sdbhaavaat| anAgatasvabhAvavat / tasmAt sa eva doSaH // 2 // 253 CSV: yan ma hons pani dnos po gan yin pa de ci khyod la yod dam hon te med smras pa ma hons pani no bor yod pas ma hons pa yod ces bya bar rnam par hjog go || de ltar yin na ni udi ma hons pa nid du mi hgyur ro Il gar las ses na | ___ =api ca / yo'nAgato bhAvaH sa te ki sbaahokhidsn| uttAmanAgatakhabhAvasadbhAvanAnAgataH sabiti vyvsthaapitm| tathA satyasyAnAgatatva na bhvti| kasmAditi

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25411 CHAPTER XI 107 gan gi phyir na ma hons dnos! ma hons bdag tu gnas hgyur ba de yi phyir na da ltar bar hgyur te ma hons nid mi srid || 3 || In 6 V wrongly du for tu. Vanagato yato bhavah svatas tisthaty anagatah anagatatvam na tato vartamanasya jayate || 3 || I do not like it and may offer the following: yasmAdanAgato bhAvaH svayaM tisstthtynaagtH| vartamAno bhavettasmAtra sambhavatyanAgataH // 3 // CSV : gan z'ig la da Itar yod pa nid yod pa de ni da ltar ba nid du hgyur te da ltar yod pahi phyir da Itar bahi ran gi bdag nid bz'in no || ci ste de ni da ltar bahi bdag nid du yod pa ma yin gyi | hon kyan ma hons pani bdag nid du ste dehi phyir da Itar bar yod pa med paui phyir hdi la ma hons pa nid yod pa kho naho snam du sems na brjod par bya ste gan z'ig gi ran bz'in gan yin pa : [de] bdag nid der yod par gyur dan da ltar bar hgyur ro || hdi Itar snon po snon pohi bdag nid kyi yod pa da Itar bar hgyur kyi de ser poni bdag nid kyis ma yin pa | de bz'in du ma hons pa yan ma hons pahi bdag nid du yod pa na da ltar ba nid du hgyur bas hdi la ma hons pa nid du srid par bya ba mi nus so i gan gi tshe de ltar ma hons pa mi srid pa dehi tshe gan z'ig hdas paham da ltar bar hgyur bar bsam par byaho || dehi phyir dus gsum yod pa ma yin no ll = yasyedAnImastitva tastha vartamAnatvamidAnI sahAvAhatamAnasvabhAvavat / atha na tasya vartamAnAtmakatvamapitvanAgatAtmakatva tasmAna vartamAno bhavatItyastya vAsyAnAgatatvamiti mnyte| ucyte| yasya yaH svabhAvastattatra tadAtmaka vartamAnaM c| tathA hi| naula naulAtmakatvasadbhAvena vartamAna na tat pautaatmktven| tathAnAgato'pyanAgatAtmakatvabhAvena vartamAna eva bhavatItyasyAmAgatatvaM sambhAvayituM na shkyte| yadaivamanAgato ma sambhavati tadA ko'tIto bartamAno veti cintyam / tasmAnna kAlatrayasadbhAvaH // 3 // 254 CSV: ran gi sde pa gan dag dnos po rnams la rangi mtshan nid

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108 . CATUHSATAKA [254 khas blans nas de dus gsum kar yod pahi phyir ran bz'in mi hdod pahi dnos po kho na rgyu dan rkyen gyi tshogs pas gnas skabs de dan der hgyur ro | zes smras pa de dag la brjod.par bya ste | =ye [tu] svayUthyA AhurbhAvAnAM khalakSaNatvAbhyupagamAtte kAlavaye bhavantItyaniSTasvabhAvA bhAvA eva hetupratyayasAmagramA tasyAM tasyAmavasthAyAM bhvntiiti| tAn prati vaktavyam / ma hons pa yod hdas pa yod | da ltar ba yod ci z'ig med / gan gi dus kun yod pa nid | de yi mi rtag nid ga las || 4 || In c Vx of CS and V nid pa for pa nid. V a nagato'sty atito'sti vartamano'sti, nasti kah | anityata kutas tasya yasya sattaiva sarvada || 4 || I accept the first half the second half being changed as below : anAgato'styatIto'sti vartamAno'sti nAsti kaH / sarvakAlAstitA yasya tasyAstyanityatA kutaH // 4 // CSV : gan gis dnos po da ltar bar hgyur ba | hdihi ran gi no bo gan z'ig blo la snan bahi ran gi no bo de nid ma hons pahi gnas skabs dan hdas pahi gnas skabs su han khas blans paui rgol ba de la mi rtag pa lta ga la yod dehi phyir na dnos po rnams ran bzi'n gyis rtag pa nid kyis rtag pa kho par hgyur ro || de Itar yin dan de la lun dan thgal bar yan hgyur te bcom ldan hdas kyis kye ma hdu byed rnams mi rtag 1 skye z'in hjig pahi chos can yin | skyes nas hjig par hgyur ba ste | de dag ne bar z'i ba bdell zes gsuns so || yena bhAvo vatamAno bhavatyasya yaH svabhAvo budhidRzyaH svabhAvaH sa evaanaagtaavsthaatotaavsthyorpotybhyupgmvaadH| tatra kutstsyaanitytaadRssttiH| tasmAdbhAvAH svabhAvAnityatvena nityA ev| evaM ca tasyAgamavirodhaH / ukta hi bhagavatA

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255] CHAPTER XI 109 anityA vata saMskArA utpAdavyayadharmiNaH / 520 [a ] faroon aarganA: FC: #1 xfa 18 255 CSV: ji ltar ma hons pa la ma hons pa nid mi srid pas ma hons pa nid med pa de bz'in du hdas pa la yan hdas pa nid mi srid pa nid med par bstan pahi phyir bsad pa =yathAnAgatasyAnAgatatvAsambhavanAnAgatatva nAsti tathAtItasyApyatItatvAsambhavAdevAbhAvaM pratipAdayavAha-! hdas pa las ni hdas hgyur bal ci yi phyir na hdas par hgyur / hdas pa las ni ma hdas pa ci yi phyir na hdas par hgyur || 5 || In a Vx of CSy la for las ; V with Vx of CS gyur for hgyur; and Vx of CS pa for ba. V a titaj jayate'titah so'tito jayate katham | anatitas ced a titat so'tito jayate katham || 5 || I may offer the following: syAdatotAdatItazcedatIto jAyate kutaH / qatarsaatacatat Arga fia: 1 CSV : hdas pahi dus gan yin pa de ci hdas paui ran gi no bo las hdas sam hon te ma hdas | re z'ig gal te hdas pa las hdas na ni de hdas pa z'es bya bar mi rigs so || hdas pa z'es bya ba ni thal zin pa la bya ste gan z'ig da lta de las hdas sin brgal ba de ji ltar hdas par hgyur || ho mahi dnos po las hdas pahi z'o la ho ma z'es bya ba dan byis pahi daos po las hdas pahi lan tsho la bab' pa la byis pa z'es bya bar brjod pa ma yin no || de Itar na hdas pa las hdas pa ni hdas paho | z'es bya bar mi run no || ci ste hdas pa ni hdas pa las ma hdas pa kho naho snam du 1 Its Pali version is found in the Sam y uttan i ka y a, II, 193: anioca vata samkhara uppadavyayadhammino uppajjitva nirujjhanti tesam vupa samo sukho il As regards c there is entire agreement between Tib. and Pali; but in Skt there is one sylla ble wanting and in the above restoration it is supplied by [te]. Tib. does not give the reading vyupasamah as in Pali (vupasama).

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110 CATUHSATAKA [256 sems na de Itar na yan hdas pa las ni ma hdas pa ste hdas pa las mi hdah ba hdas pahi bya bas mi ston ba cihi phyir na hdas par hgyur ba || de las hdas pa nid mi srid pa kho naho snam du dgons so || dehi phyir de Itar na hdas pa las ma hdas par yan hdas par mi rigs so ||deg dehi phyir hdas pahi dus ran gi no bos yod pa ma yin no 1 hdas pa med na yan de la mi bltos pahi hdas pa ma yin pa yan mi srid pas dus gsum char yan no bo nid kyis yod pa ma yin no || =yo'tItaH kAlaH sa kimatItavarUpAdatIta aahokhidntiitH| yadi taavdtiitaadtiitH| so'tIta iti na yujyte| atItatva nAmAtikrAntasya vyaapaarH| ya idAnIM tasmAdatoto'tikrAntaH kathaM so'totH| dugdhabhAvAdatIta dadhi dugdhamiti bAlabhAvAdatotasya prAptayauvanasya bAla iti cAbhidhAnaM na bhavati / evamatautAdatIto'tIta iti na yujyate / atha matamatIto'tItAdanatIta eveti| evamapyatItAdanatIto'tItaM nAtyetyatItavyApAreNAzUnyaH ksmaadtiitH| tasmAdatItatvAsambhava evetyabhiprAyaH / tasmAdevamatItAdanatIto'pyatoto na yujyate / tasmAnAstyatItaH kAlaH svarUpeNa / atItAbhAve ca tadanapekSito'natIto'pi na sambhavatIti na kAlatrayaM kharUpeNa vidyate // 5 // 256 CSV: bye brag tu smra ba gan z'ig dus tha ms cad yod pa nid du smra bahi phyir thams cad yod par smra ba iiid bsnags par byed pa de la slar yan brgal z'in brtag par bya ste gan ma hons par don yod pa nid du rtog pa de skyes pa ham ma skyes pa zig la rtog gran | de la re zig | ____ =yo vaibhASikaH sarvakAlasadbhAvaM vana savAstivA bheva prazasati tasya punarvivAdaH parIkSitavyaH / yasyAnAgatasyArthatyAstitva kalpAte sa jAto'jAto vA klpaate| tatra tAvat-- / gal te ma hons skyes yod na ci ltar da Ita bar mi hgyur ci ste de la skyes med na ma hons rtag par hgyur ram ci || 6 ||.

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257] CHAPTER XI 111 111 In b Vx of CS ji for ci ; V wrongly de for da ; V with Vx of CSV ltar for lta. Vanagatas ced utpanno vartamanah katham na sah athanutpada evasya nityam kim vasty anagatah || 6 | I should like to translate differently : bhavejjAto'nAgatacehartamAno bhavena kim / athAjAto bhavettasya zAkhataH kimanAgataH // 6 // CSV having read the first half of the karika runs : gal te ma hons pani dnos po skyes par hgyur te yod do z'es bya ba yons su rtog na ni de skyes pa nid du gyur pas yod pa nid kyi phyir da ltar bar thgyur gyi ma hons par mi hgyur ro || ci ste ma skyes par gyur pa de la yod pa nid du rtog na de Itar na yan ci ste de la skyes med na ma hons rtag par hgyur ram ci || gan z'ig ma skyes par gyur dan yod pa de ni mya nan las hdas pa bz'in du rtag pa kho nar hgyur te dehi phyir mya nan las hdas pa kho na ltar deni ma hons pa nid nams par thgyur ro || =yadyanAgato bhAvo jAta iti priklpaate| sa jAta eveti vartamAno bhvebaanaagtH| athAjAtasya tasyAstitva klpaate| evamapi athAjAto bhavettasya zAkhataH kimanAgataH / yadajAtaM vidyamAnaM ca tabhirvA pvnitymev| tasmAnirvANavadeva tasyAnAgato mantavyaH // 6 // 257 CS'V : [ athAnAgato yadyapyajAtastathApi so'sNskRtvnnaavinaashii| ] tathA hi| hetupratyayaistasyAnAgatabhAvavinAzena vartamAnatA bhvti| na caivamasaMskRtaM svarUpAtyacyavataiti naasyaasNskRtvnnitytvmiti| evamapi kalyAmAne 1 Tib. ci sto me hens pa ma skyes pa yin mod kyi de ltar na yan de ni hdus ma byas Itar mi hjig pa ma yin noil Tib. rayu dan rkyen mnams kyis dehi na hons pahi dnos ponams pas HPS tasyanagatabhava vyut pa[da] hetupratyayair. Tib.om. pra.. * Tib. kalpite (brtags na).

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112 CATUHSATAKA [258 skye ba med kyan hjig pa las | gal te ma hons mi rtag na hdas la hjig pa yod min te _____de ni rtag par cis mi rtog || 7 || In c V with Vx of CS pa for la. In d Vx of CSV rtogs for rtog. * vinApi janmanA bhaGgAdanityo yadyanAgataH / atItasya na bhaGgo'sti sa nityaH kina kalpAte // 7 // CSV : yadi svarUpapracyatisadbhAvAdanAgatasya nityatva [neSyate bhAvasyAtotasya tahi svarUpapracyutirnAstIti sa nitya iti kalpAtAm // 7 // 258 CSV : kasya vA padArthasya zakyamanityatva klpyitm| yadA ca na zakyate tadA sarvapadArthAnAmanityatvasthAsambhavAnityataiva smbhaavyte| tatra taavt-| hdas pa dan ni da ltar bal hdi ni mi rtag hgyur min la de dag las gz'an rnam pa ni gsum pahan de la yod ma yin || 8.|| * anityo vartamAno'yamatItazca na jAyate / tAbhyAmanyA hatIyApi gatistasya na vidyate // 8 // CSV : yastAvadaya vartamAnaH padArthastasya tAvada nityatva nAsti / sa hi vartamAnatvAtsvabhAvAdacyatevartamAna iti vypdishyte| yasya cAnityatva sa vartamAna eva na bhvtybhaavenaabhismbndhaat| bhAvAbhAvayozca yugapadasambhavAda vartamAnasyAnityatvaM na smbhvti| tathA' tItasyApyanityatvaM na sambhavati / vinaSTo dyatIta ucyte| na ca vinaSTasya punarapi vinAzo nyAyyo nisspyojnvaadaashryaabhaavaadnvsthaaprsnggaacc| evaM tAvada panityo vartamAno'yamatItazca na jAyate / na ca vartamAnAtItI muktvA tasyAnityatvasya jIyo'vakAzo yujyata ityAha tAbhyAmanyA DhatIyApi gatistasya na vidyate // 1 Tib. mi hdod na ni | ho na dhos po. 8 Tib, begins the sentence with atha va (yan na) omitting va after kasya. 4 Tib. bhavati (hgyur ro). 5 For tavat read in X tsam or sned after ji. 6 HPS sam bhavat. varta. 7 Tib. de bz'in du; HPS om. it. 8 In X read mi rtag pa nid de la for mio de las.

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269] CHAPTER XI 113 utpavasya -yadAnityatA'zrayasyAnityatvamasambhAvyaM tadotyattizUnyasyAnAgatasyAkAthAderiva tatsyAdityantamasaGgatam / na cAnityatArahitasyAkAzAderadhvanayakalpanA yukti mto| tahasakhabhAvabhAvavAdino na yuktamadhvatrayam // ka // 259 CSV : prvaah| astyevAnAgato bhAvastasya satsa pratyayeSu jnmdrshnaat| na dhasataH pUrva pazcAjjanma yujyate vadhyAputrAderiva / tatazca janmadarzanAdastye vAnAgato bhAva iti| evamapi klpaamaane-| dios po gan zig phyis skye bal de ni gal te snar yod na de yi phyir na phya smra ba | rnams kyi phyogs ni log mi hgyur || 9 || In c Vx of CSV throughout phyug for phya. In d V with Vx of CS kyis for kyi.. * yaH pazcAjjAyate bhAvaH sa pUrva vidyate ydi| na mithyA jAyate pakSastasmAniyativAdinAm // 8 // In d of the Skt. text for tasmat suggested by Tib. de yi phyir HPS tesam which is here superfluous and not supported by CSV. CSV : ya utpAdAtyAgavastho bhAvo hetupratyayaiH pazcAjAyate sa yadyutpAdAtpUrva kharUpato'stauti kalpAta evaM sati niyativAdinAM pratiniyatasvabhAvaM nirhetukaM puruSakArazUnyamupapattiviruddhaM jagahaNa yatAM nAbhyupagamo mithyA syaat| na ca na mithyA teSI vaadH| tatpakSasya dRssttaadRssttvirodhaat| puruSakArAnapakSatvAtteSAM jagataH prtiitysmutpaadaabhaavH| tadabhAvAca kharaviSANavatsava jagadagrAhyaM syAdityayukto niyati vAdaH / yadi cAyamanAgatasadbhAvavAdo nyAyyaH syAttadA niyativAdinAmapi vAdo nyAyyaH sthAdityayukto'nAgatArthasadbhAvavAdaH // 8 // 1 Tib. mi rtag pahi%3 HPS nityatadeg. Tib. lit.asambaddham (ma bbrel ba). . In x read rigs for rig. 4 Construe: purvam asatah as in Tib (snar med pa). 5 Tib. gal te gan z'ig skye bahi sna rol na dnos po med cin no bo med pahi phyir rgyu dan rkyen rnams kyis bskyed payo bhava utpadat prak svarupa bhavan nasti (pabcat) hetupratyair utpadyate. Tib. niyativadah (phya smra ba ste; X phyug for phya), and the sentence ends here. HPS virodhat purusakaradeg. After tesam Tib. ad. darsane (Ita na). Both HPS and Tib simply jagat (hgro), but the latter indicates that it should be in the genitivo case. . For niyati Tib. curiously gnam gyis bskos pa. The phrase is the tittle by wbich the Chinese emperor is addressed in Tibet. Figuritively it means cakravartiraja. Tib, smra ba hdi ; HPS asya and - vadino for ayam and -vado respectively. 10 Tib. api after vado (smra ba yan). 11 HPS degyukto nagatarthadeg. 15

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114 CATUHSATAKA [261 260 CSV : itacAyukto ytH-| gan zig hbyun bar byed pa de | snar yod ces byar mi rigs te gal te yod pa skye hgyur na skyes zin pa yan hbyun bar hgyur || 10 || In a Vx of CSV ni for de. * sambhavaH kriyate yasya prAkso'stIti na yujyte| " sato yadi bhavejjanma jAtasyApi bhavedbhavaH // 10 // CSV : yasyArthasya hetupratyayaiH sambhava utpAdana! kriyate sa janmanaH pUrvamastIti na yujyte| yadi hi tasyA stitva syAttadA sato vidyamAnasya punarapi janma syaat| na ca sata: punarapi janma nyAyyaM niSpayojanatvAt / iti na yukto'nAgatapadArthasadbhAvavAdaH // 10 // 261 CSV : prvaah| yadyanAgataM na syAdyadetadamAgatAtholambana yoginA praNidhijJAna [tad] yathArtha na syAt / asti caitadyathArtha yoginAM jJAnam / yathArthAnAgatavyAkaraNAt / tasya ca tathaiva bhaavaat| na hyasatsu vndhyaaputraadivettsmbhvti| tasmAdastyevAnAgata iti|' ucyte| tAvikayA kalpanayA - / ma hons pa yi dnos mthon na ! dnos po med pa cis mi mthon | gan la ma hons yod hgyur ba | de la rin ba yod ma .yin || 11 || 1 Tib. hbyun ba ste skyed par ; HPS utpadanan sambhavah. . Tib. om. tasya... 3 For satodegrapi Tib. sadatmakasayapi (yod cin bdag pa yan). 4 Tib. om. punar. 5 See MV, p. 15 : na ca vidyamanasya punar utpattau prayajanam pasyamah; p. 13, MA, V1,3: tasmad dhi tasya bhavane na guno'sti kascij, jatasya janma punar eva ca naiva yuktam, p. 14, AKV : utpannasya punar utpattau kalpyamanayam anavastthaprasangah; siks as a m uccaya, p. 282, from Bhaga rati (=Ast as a ha grika Prajna paramata ): kim punah subhute utpanno dharma utpatayata utanutpannah. subhutir aha. naham sariputra utpannasya dharmaasyotpattim iochami na canutpannasyeti. * After atraha Tib. runs : astyevanagatas tadalambanad yogipranidhijinanad yathartha. nagatavyakaranat tasya ca tathaiva bhavat (ma hons pa ni yod pa nid de de la dmigs pa rnal hbyor pahi smon lam (X nas) ses pa yod pahi phyir dan don ji Ita babz'in du ma hon pa lun bstan pahi phyir dan de yan de kho na Itar yod pahi phyir ro II). Tib, om, hort this sentence being put at the beginning only omitting tasmat. Tib. khyod byi; HPS tattvikaya. See note 9. * In Tib. both the words are beative.

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262] CHAPTER XI 115 In c V and Vx of CS gyur for hgyur ; Vx of CS pa and Vx of CSV la for ba. * dRzyate'nAgato bhAvaH kenAbhAvo na dRzyate / vidyate'nAgataM yasya dUraM tasya na vidyate // 11 // ___CSV : utpAdAtyAgavasthAyAmanAgato bhAvo nAsti svarUpata iti pratipAditam / yadi cAvidyamAna: padArtho yogibhirdazyeta vandhyAputvAdayo'pi dRshyern| yorapi tulya' svbhaavaasttvm| tatraiko dRzyate nApara iti na yujyte| api ca yasyA nAgato'rthaH svarUpato'sti tasya na tad dUraM syAt / asti cAsya dUratvam / dUrA dharmAH ktm| atItAnAgatAH / antikA dharmAH ktme| prtyutpnnaaH| itymyupgmaat| eva manAgatamasya" dUram / taccAsya duratvamayuktamiti pratipAdayavAha vidyate'nAgata yasya dUraM tasya na vidyte| vartamAnasya vidyamAnatvAdityabhiprAyaH // 11 // 262 CSV : yazcAnena kalyANamitrasamparkeNa dharmazravaNahAra ndriyaparipAkAdikAda' bhAvinaH pratyayA hAnazIlAdyAtmakaH krtvyo| dharmaH so'pyanAgatArthasajAvavAditvAttasyA tye veti| tdaa-| gal te byas pa med kyan chos yod na nes sdom don med hgyur ci ste cun zad byed na yan | hbras bu yod pa mi srid do || 12 || * dharmo yAkkatako'pyasti niyamo jAyate vRthaa| atha svalpo'pi kartavyaH satkAryasya na sambhavaH // 12 // CSV : yadarthamasya kAyavAbhanasAM saMyamaH sa dharmo'syAkkata evAstIti sadupArjanAya niyamanamo'sya vRthaa| tena vinApi tasya sambhavAt / prathAsya 1 After yasya Tib. ad. darsane (ltar na). 2 Tib. does not support dure as in HPS. 3 HPS duram not supported by Tib. ___4 HPS antikam not supported by Tib. 5 Tib. de Itar na ; HPS om. it. 6 Tib. om. it. 7 HPS dure. 8 Tib. phrad pas chos milan pahi sgo nas; HPS degmitrasamparkadharma'sravanedriya'. * Tib. degpakad (smin pa las). 10 Tib. bhatena. pratyayena (byun bahi rkyen gyis). 11 Tib. bya dgos pa ; HPS om. it. 11 Tib. de la ; HPS om. tasya. 13 Tib. om. it. 1. Tib. med kyan de yod pahi phyir ro HPS tena vinipatasyasambhavat,

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116 CATUHSATAKA [263 tena niyamena tasya dharmasya kazcihizeSo niSpAdyate sa eva vizeSaH pUrvamasana pazcAtkiyata iti vyAhanyate'syA'nAgatArtha sadbhAvavAditvamiti pratipAdayavAha atha svalpo'pi kartavyaH satkAryasya na sambhavaH // 12 // 263 CSV : athodayAtpUrvAparayorapyavasthayorasyAstitvaM syAttadAsya[nitya tvam] paapdyte| athAnenAnityatvamaGgIkriyate tdaasy-| mi rtag yin na ci lta bur hbras bu yod ces bya bar hgyur | gan la thog ma mthah yod pa ___de ni hjig rten mi rtag brjod || 13 || In a Vx of CSV ji for ci ; V ltar for Ita ; Vx of CSV bu for bur. In d Vx of CSV la for ni ; Vx of CSV bsad for brjod. V anitye sati satkaryam katham namasya jayate ___adyantau yasya lokasya so'nitya iti bhasyate || 13 || The first half of the original karika excepting the word bhavisyati (see below) is found in the fragments (HPS, p. 493). V's restoration of the second half is objectionable. The Tib. text does not say here that the loka is anitya, as he thinks. It means that it is said in the loka (or the loka says) that a thing which has adi and anta is anitya. I may offer the following translation: * anitye sati satkAryaM kathaM nAma* bhvissyti| Adyantau yasya vidyete talloke'nityamucyate // 13 // CSV: mi rtag yin na jilta bu hbras bu yod ces bya bar hgyur | hdi gnis ni phan tshun hgal baai phyir ro z'es bya bar dogg* so || hdi ltar gan la thog ma mthah yod pa de la hjig rten mi rtag bsad | gan gi sna rol du dnos po gz'an med pa de ni hjig rten na thog 1 HPS ad. tarhi after asya. * Tib, ma hons pahi don=anagatartha ; HPS om. it. * Tib. rtag pa nid ; HPS marks here a lacuna reading capao for following apao. . X dgos.

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264) CHAPTER XI 117 ma z'es bya lal gan gi thog rol du dnos po gz'an med pa de ni mthah z'es brjod la || don gan la thog ma dan tha ma yod pa de ni mi rtag paho | z'es hjig rten mnon pa hdod do llo deni phyir thog ma dan tha ma yan yod pas rtag par smra ba med dan deni nbras bu yod par smra ba mi rigs so || =anitye sati satkAryaM kathaM nAma bhaviSyati / yorapyanayoranyonyavirodhAdityAzaGkA / evam Adyantau yasya vidyete talloke'nityamucyate // yasya pUrva bhAvAntaraM nAsti sa loka aadirnaam| yasya pazcAdbhAvAntaraM nAsti so'nta ityucyte| yasyArthasyAdirantazca so'nitya iti loko'bhopsati / tasmAdAdyantasadbhAvAnna nitya ucyte| na ca tasya satkAryavAdo yujyate // 13 // 264 * CSV : gan zig hbras bu yod par smra ba la skyon mthon bas ma hons pa med de ' z'es bya bar rtogs pa desi ltar na yan | =Te Heiluare aiureaalatta arrafa afagie ciasta sgrim pa med par thar hgyur te grol la ma hons yod ma yin de ltar yin na chags med par hdod chags kyan ni hbyun bar thgyur || 14 || In a for sgrim V with Vx of CS bsgrim. For the last two lines * Vx of CSV reads : chags med par yan hdod chags ni de lta yin na hbyun bar hgyur || V ayatnatas cen nirvanam tasya na syad anagatam | vinapi ragam rakto'pi nanv evam sati jayate || 14 || V wrongly translates thar in a by nirvana and leaves out grol in b untranslated. He adds tasya for which there is nothing in Tib. Apparently he refers by it to thar, moksa, his nirvana, taking grol in the same sense. The extract given below from the CSV will, however, show that grol here does not mean mukti (or moksa), but mukta. I may translate the karika as follows:

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118 CATUHSATAKA [264 aprayatnena mokSaH syAmmuktAnAM naastynaagtm| . tathA sati vinA rAgaM syAdraktasyApi sambhavaH // 14 // For hdod chags in the sense of rakta in d see MK, XIV. 2; and for sambhava 200.d. CSV: ma kons pahi non mons pa dan skye ba dag med pas sgrim pa med par te hphags pahi lam bskyed pa med par yan hdi grol bar hgyur ro Il grol barnams la ni "phags pahi lam gyi stobs kyis ma hons pahi non mons pa dan skye ba gnis mi skye bahi phyir ma hons pa yod pa ma yin no ll ji Itar grol ba rnams la ma hons pa med par sgrim par sgrub par byed pa yin te de rnams bz'in du hbras bu ma hons pa med par smra ba hdi yan sgrim pa med par thar par hgyur na | hdi ni de Itar yan ma yin pas hbras bu med par smra bar mi rigs so || thar par thal bar hgyur ba hbah z'ig tu ma zad kyi | hdini phyir na rgyu med pa can du skye (?) bar yan hgyur ro || zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | chags med par yan hdod chags ni de lta yin na hbyun bar hgyur !!deg. de chags pa med par hdod na rgyu med pa can nid du hgyur na | rgyu med pa can ni srid pa yan ma yin te dgra bcom pa la yan hdod chags yod par thal bar hgyur baui phyir ro || deni phyir rgyu med pa can gyi skye ba med do li gan gi tshe skye ba rgyu med pa can mi srid pa deni tshe ma hons pa med pa nid du mi rigs so || __ = anAgatayoH lazajanmanorabhAdaprayatnenAryamArgotyAdanaM vinApyasya muktirbhvet| muktAnAmAryamArgaphalenAnAgatayoM: lazajanmanoIyoranutpAdAdanAgataM nAsti / yathA muktAnAmanAgata' vinA prayatna sAdhyate [tathA] teSAmivanAgataphalAbhAvavAde'pyasmin vinA prayatnaM mokSo bhaveccedevamapodaM na bhavatItyasatkAryavAdo ma yujyte| na kevala mokSaprasaGga eva kSatirapitvasmAdahetuka utpAdo'pi bhavediti pratipAdayavAha tathA sati vinA rAgaM syAdratAsyApi sambhavaH // deg vinA rAgaM sa iSyate cedahetuka eva syaat| ahetukasya ca na smbhaavnaa| mahato'pi raagprsnggaat| tasmAnAstyahetuka ityAdaH / yadAhetuka utpAdo na sambhavati tadAnAgataM nAsyeveti na yujyate // 14 //

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265] CHAPTER XI 119 265 CSV : de ni hbras bu yod pa dan med par smra ba gni gahi Itar na yan rgyus nbras bu sgrub par mi nus pa mnon par gsal bar bya baui phyir bsad pa =tava satkAryAsatkAryavAdinorubhayorapi darzane hetunA phlsiddhirshkyetybhivynyjyvaadd'-| hbras bu yod nid gan hdod dan | hbras bu med nid gan hdod la khyim gyi don du ka ba la sogs paui rgyan ni don med "gyur || 15 || In b Vx of CS cin for nid. In c Vx of CSV las for la; and in d rgyun for rgyan. * stambhAdaunAmalaGkAro ehasyAthai nirarthakaH / satkAryameva yasyeSTaM yasyAsatkAryameva ca // 15 // It is cited in MV, p. 393, and CSV, XIV. 21=346 (HPS, p. 511). CSV : grans can dan bye brag tu smra ba dag ni hbras bu yod par smra ba nid do || grans can pahi ltar na ni gan z'ig yod pa de kho na yin la gan z'ig yod pa ma yin pa de med pa kho na ste med pa la skye ba med cin yod pa la hjig pa med do z'es khas len te de ni med pa mi byed pahi phyir dan ne bar len pa . hdzin pahi phyir dan | nus pas nus pa byed pahi phyir dan z'es bya ba la sogs pas nbras bu yod pa nid skye ste | hbras bu med par smra ba yin na ni thams cad las [thams cadli hbyun bar hgyur na hdi ni de Itar yan ma yin no || dehi phyir yod pa kho na hbras bur hgyur ro snam du sems so || bye brag tu smra ba po yan ran bz'in ma byun ba las hbyun bar thal bas hjigs pas dus gsum char du yan yod pa nid du rtog cin | deg bye brag pa dan mdo sde pa dan rnam par ses par smra ba dag ni hbras bu med pa smra ba ste de dag gis ni hbras bu yod pa skye ba don med par sems sin hbras bu med pa kho na skyeho || z'es bya bar rtogs so lo See sarvatah sarvasambhavah, csV, XIV. 21=364 (HPS, p. 511); p. 120, note 2.

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120 CATUHSATAKA [266 dehi phyir rgol ba gnis po hdi dag las re z'ig hbras bu yod par smra ba la khyim gyi don du ka ba dan sgo sgegs (?): la sogs pa rnams kyi rgyan pa tra dan bya la sogs pa bkod pahi khyad par spras pani bdag nid can gan yin pa de ni mi run ste | dehi hbras bu khyim yod paui phyir dan | rnam pa gz'an du bsgrub par bya ba nid du khas len na yan hbras bu med par smra bar thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro il gan z'ig hbras bu med par smra ba deni Itar na yan ka ba la sogs paui rgyan ji skad bsad par dgos pa med pa nid du hgyur te deni nbras bu med pahi phyir ro | mo gsam gyi bu yod pa ma yin pa ni sus kyan sgrub par nus pa ma yin te de bz'in du hbras bu med pa smra ba la yan hbras bu khyim hgrub par mi hgyur ro 11deg =sAyavaibhASiko stkaaryvaadinaavev| sAlayadarzane yatsattardevAsti yaba sttnnaastyev| asato'nutpattiH satazcAvinAza itybhyprgmH| tatrAsadakaraNAdupAdAnagrahaNAcchaktasya zakyakaraNAccetyAdinA' sadeva kArya jaayte| asatkAryavAdazcetsarvataH [sarva]sambhavaH syAt / na cedmevmsti| tasmAtmadeva kArya jAyata iti| vaibhASiko'pi svabhAvAnudbhUtAdudbhavaprAptibhiyA kAlatraye'pi madeva klpyti| vaishessiksautraantikvijnyaanvaadino'stkaaryvaadinH| te hi sataH kAryasyotpattinirarthatyasadeva kAryamutpadyata iti pratiyanti / tasmAdanayoIyorvAdinoH satkAryavAdinastAvaha hAthai yaH stambhahArakavATAdaunAmalaGkAro makaTavihaGgAdivinyAsavizeSakhacitasvarUpaH sa na yujyte| tasya kAryasya gRhasya sttvaat| prakArAntaramAdhyatvAbhyupagame cAsatkAryavAdaprasaGgAt / yasyAsatkAryavAdastasyApi darzane stambhAdyasaGkArasya yathoktaprayojanAbhAva ev| tasya kAryasyAsattvAta / asanhi vandhyAputro na zakyaH kenApi nisspaadyitum| evamasatkAryavAde'pi kArya grahaM na sidhyti||deg15|| 266 CSV : hdir smras pa | khyod kyis hdas pa dan ma hons pani dus dag bkag mod kyi de ltar na yan re z'ig da Ita ba ni yod pa yin te de yod pas ma hons pa yan yod par hgyur roma hons 1 X skyas. ? See Sa nk hy a ka rika, 9.

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280] CHAPTER XI 121 pahi gnas skabs kyi dnos po ni yons su hgyur bas da Itar ba nid du hgyur ro ll gal te mi hgyur na ni gan z'ig yons su hgyur bas da ltar bar hgyur || dehi phyir da ltar yod pas ma hons pa yod do || bsad par bya ste gal te yons su hgyur ba nid yod na ni de Itar thgyur ba z'ig na de ni srid pa ma yin te ci ste z'e na | hdi na yons su hgyur ba hdi ma hons pahi don la rtog pa na ran gi no bo nams pas rtog gam gnas pas rtog gran na gal te re z'ig ran gi no bo nams pas yin na ni deni tshe gcig hjig cin gz'an skye ba yons su hgyur ba yin pas skye ba dan hjig pa dag kho na la yons su ugyur ba z'es bya bar hgyur gyi | gnas pahi rdzas kyi chos gz'an la gnas chos gz'an hbyun ba ni yons su hgyur ba ma yin no || ci ste kho bo cag gi yons su hgyur ba ni hdi hdra ba kho na yin te hdi ltar dper na ba lan gi khu bcud kyi rdzas gnas pahi chos gz'an ho masi dnos po log dan chos gz'an z'oni dnos po hbyun bayons su hgyur ba yin pa de bz'in du yon tan gsum po rdul dan mun pa dan snin stobs rnams kyisi ma hons pahi gnas skabs log dan da Itar bahi gnas skabs hbyun ba yons su hgyur baho snam du sems na | yons su sgyur ba hdi yod pa nid du bz'ag par mi nus te hjig rten gyis ni ma hons pahi yon tan gsum po hdi dag yod pa nid du dmigs nas de dag gi yons su hgyur bar dmigs pa med pa nid do || z'o ho mahi rnam par hgyur ba yin par rnam par bz'ag par nus pa yan ma yin te ho mahi gnas skabs nid du ni ho ma la ho ma z'es bya la || ho mahi gnas skabs kho nar gnag pani lo ma la z'ohi dnos po yod par yan ma yin no ll gal te yod par hgyur na ni ho ma kho na la z'o z'es bya bar hgyur na hdi ni rigs pa yan ma yin te || dehi phyir lo ma la ni z'ohi dnos po yod pa ma yin no ll gan gi tshe ho ma la z'ohi dnos po yod pa deni tshe gz'an gan z'ig la srid par hgyur || dehi phyir yons su ugyur ba med do || o ma dan z'oni gnas skabs las tha dad par ba lan gi khu bahi razas zoes pa cui zad cig dmigs pa yai ma yin no || de Itar na =prvaah| yadyapi tvayAtItAnAgatau kAlau niSicau tathApi vrtmaansvaavdsti| tatsadbhAvanAnAgato'pyasti / anAgatAvasthI bhAvaH pariNAmena vartamAno bhvti| yadi na bhavelka sya pariNAmena vartamAno bhvet| tasmAda vartamAnasadbhAvanAnAgato'sti / ! X kyis. 16

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122 CATUHSATAKA [266 ucyte| syAdevaM yadi pariNAma evaM syAt / na tu sa sambhavati / kimiti / ihAnAgatasyArthasya pariNAma'smin kalpAmAne svarUpasya vinAzena vA kalpAte sthityA vA klpaate| yadi tAvatsvarUpavinAzana tadaika vinazyatyanyadutpadyata iti pariNAmena vinAzotyAdayoreva pariNAma iti bhavet / sthite dravyasya dhamAntara [tadvRttidharmAntarodbhavo na prinnaamH| athAsmAkaM pariNAma IdRza eva / tathA hi| yathA gorasaTravyavattedharmAntarasya dugdhabhAvasya nivRttidharmAntarasya dadhibhAvasyodbhavazca pariNAmastathA rajastamaHsatvAnAM trayANAM guNAnAmanAgatAvasthA nivRttivartamAnAvasthodbhavazca pariNAma iti matam / nAsya pariNAmasyAstitvaM sthApayituM shkyte| lokasyaiSAmanAgatAnAM guNatrayANAmastitvopalambhAtteSAM pariNAmo nopalabhyata eva / na ca dadhi dugdhasya vikAra iti zakyaM vyavasthApayitum / dugdhAvasthAyAmeva dugdhasya dugdhatvamiti / na ca dugdhAvasthAyAmeva vartamAnasya dugdhasya ddhibhaavH| yadi bhaveDhugdha eva dadhIti bhvet| na cedaM yujyte| tasmAnna dugdhasya ddhibhaavH| yadA dugdhasya dadhibhAvaH syAttadAnyasyApi kasyacitsyAt / tasmAnAsti prinnaamH| na ca dadhidugdhAvasthAto bhinna gorasadravyamAnaM kimpyuplbhyte| tathA ca / dios rnams yons suhgyur ba yan | . . yid kyis kyan ni hdzin mi hgyur de ltar na yan da ltar bal yod par mi mkhas rnams kyis rtog || 16 || In c for de Itar V with Vx of CS de lta. In d Vx of CSV rtogs for rtog. V manasapi na glhyante bhava hi parinaminah vartamanasya tat sattam kalpayanty avicaksanah || 16|| The defect of this reconstruction is clear from the CSV quoted above. I would change it as follows: bhAvAnAM pariNAmo'pi manasApi na gyte| tathApi vartamAno'sti kalpayantyavicakSaNAH // 16 // CSV: dnos po rnams kyi yons su ugyur ba ni mig la sogs pati dban po rag lasi pa mthon ba lnas mi hdzin pa hbah z'ig tu ma z'ad kyi chod pa dan phra ba dan gzugs can ma yin pahi don 1 Or rag lus; X: rags.

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287] CHAPTER XI 123 yons su gcod par nus pahi yid kyis kyan mi hdzin no ||de Itar skye bo blun po la bltos nas da Itar ba z'es bya bar ran gi no bos yons su brtag par nus pa yan ma yin pas dus gsum med do || 16 || __ = bhAvAnAM pariNAmo hi na kevala cakSurAdaundriyAyattadarzanapaJcakena na rAhyate sUkSmAtApArthaparicchedasamarthana manasApi na pyte| evaM jar3ajanAnapekSya vartamAno nAma svarUpeNa parIkSituM na zakyata iti nAstIti nAsti kAlatrayam // 16 // 267 CSV : hdir smras.pa || dus rnams ni yod pa kho na ste| dehi rgyu dnos po yod pahi phyir ro || dus de ni ran nid kyis lus can ma yin pahi phyir, dnos po kho na ne bar bzun nas yons su gcad par nus kyi ran nid kyis ni ma yin no || dehi phyir dus mnon par gsal bahi rgyu mtshan yod pas dus yod do || bsad par bya ste | gal te deui rgyu dnos po nid yod na ni dus hdi yod par hgyur ba z'ig na srid pa yan ma yin no || ji Itar mi srid pa de Itar bstan pahi phyir bsad pa _ = atraah| santyeva kAlAsta torbhAvasya sttvaat| te hi svayamamUrtatvAdbhAvamevopAdAya paricchettuM zakyante na svymev| tasmAtkAlAbhivyaktinimittasajAvAdasti kaalH| ucyte| syAlkAlasyAsya sattvaM yadi taheturbhAva eva syaat| na tu [sa] smbhvti| yathA ca na sambhavati tathA pratipAdayabAha- . gnas med dnos po ga la yod mi rtag pas gnas ga la yod | . .. gal te dan por gnas hgyur na . tha mar rhiis par mi hgyur ro || 17 || In a V and Vx of CS (with CSV, 271) z'ig for yod. For pas . in b see CSV on 271b. In c for por V and Vx of CS po, and for hgyur V gyur. In d for rnins par in accordance with CSV, V with Vx of CS snin por, and that of CSV snins par. V asthirah kasyacid bhavo'nityatvat kasyacit sthirah | adau yadi sthiro bhavas tasyanyatvm na jayate || 17 || It is not possible to follow V. For his translation of ga la in a

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124 CATUHSATAKA [267 and b see karika 244 with my note thereon. He takes tha mar in d, Skt. ante, to mean anyatva. This can hardly be supported. Undoubtedly the mistake is due to his taking the word itara given in a dictionary as one of the Skt. equivalents of tha ma, in the sense of anya 'other,' not thinking that the word is used there to mean nica 'low,' 'vile,' 'inferior.' He has, however, taken the word in its right sense in karika 355. The other defect in V's translation is that he has entirely avoided the meaning of rnins par (his soin por). I may suggest the following: . sthiti vinA kuto bhAvo'nityatvena sthitiH kutH| sthitiyadi bhavedAdau gacchedante na jorNatAm // 17 // CSV : gnas med dnos po ga la yod | hdi na dnos po skad cig re re la skye ba dan hjig pa dan Idan pa rnams la gnas pa rnam pa thams cad du yod pa ma yin la gnas pa med pas dus kyi rgyu dnos po yod pa ma yin no ll gnas med pa nid bstan pahi phyir bsad pa mi rtag pas gnas ga la yad | mi rtag pa nid kyis zos (?) pahi dnos po la gnas pa mi srid do || gal te gnas pa yod na ni gnas pa dan Idan pahi dnos po slar rga ba dan hbrel bar mi hgyur te rga ba ni gnas.pa dan hgal bahi phyi ro || gz'an hai | gal te dan por gnas hgyur na tha mar rnins par mi hgyur ro || phyi ma rnins pa med par thal bar hgyur bahi phyir snar nid nas gnas pa med par rtogs par gyis sig || = sthiti vinA kuto bhAvaH / ihaikai kasmin kSaNa utpAdabhaGgavAM bhAvAnAM sarvathApi sthiti sti| sthityabhAvana kAlasya heturbhAvo nAsti / sthityabhAvameva pratipAdayavAha anityatvena sthitiH kutaH / anityatvena bhuktasya (1) bhAvasya sthitirna smbhvti| yadi sthiti: syAt sthitimAn bhAvaH punarjIrNo na syAt / jarAyAH sthitiviruddhtvaat| anyacca sthitiyadi bhavedAdau gacchedante na jiirnntaam| pAyatyAmajorNatvaprasaGgAtpurastAdeva sthi tyabhAvaH pratIyatAm // 17 //

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289] CHAPTER XI 125 268 CSV : hdi las kyan gnas pa med do || hdi ltar | = itaca sthiti sti| tathA hi / ji ltar rnam ses gcig gis ni don gnis rnam par mi ses pa de bz'in rnam par ses gnis kyis - don gcig rnam par mi ses so || 18 || For a Vx of CSV rnam ses gcig gis ji lta bur. In c V and Vx of CS omit par adding ni after. kyis. V vijanati yatha naikam vijnanam vastuyugmalam | vijanati tatha naikam vastu vijnanayugmalam || 18 || I may suggest the following: vijAnAti yathA nArthahaya vijJAnamekakam / vijJAnahayamevaM na vijAnAtyathaimekakam // 18 // CSV : gal te 'dnos po la gnas pa z'es bya ba z'ig yod na ni deni tshe rim gyis rnam par z'es pa du mahi ses byar thgyur ro 11deg * hdi ni srid pa yan ma yin te | ses pa dan ses bya gnis skad cig ma nid yin paai phyir ro || gan gcig gis bzun ba de gz'an gyis bzun bar nus pa yan ma yin te deui phyir gnas pa med do 11deg gnas pa med pa las kyan dnos po med pa yin dan dus kyan med do || z'es bya bar grub bo || ___ - yadi bhAvasya sthiti ma bhavettadA['ya] krameNAnekavijJAnaje yo bhavet / nAsya smbhaavnaapi| jJAnanna yayoIyoH kssnniktvaat| yadekena gRhota na tadanyena grahItuM shkyte| tasmAnAsti sthitiH / sthi terabhAvAJca nabhAvo nApi kAla iti siddham / 269 CSV: hdir smras pa gnas pa ni yod pa nid de da' ltar bahi dus kyi mtshan nid yin pahi phyir ro Il gnas pas ni daItar bahi dus mtshon par byed de l gnas pa dan bral bahi da ltar ba nid mi srid pahi phyir ro || hdi la brjod par bya ste prvaah| pastyeva sthitiH| vrtmaankaallkssnntvaat| sthityA hi 1xde.

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126 CATUHSATAKA [269 vartamAnaH kAlo lkssyte| sthityA virahitasya vartamAnatvAsambhavAt / anocyte-| gal te dus la gnas yod na gnas pa dus su mi hgyur rol ci ste gnas med na gnas pa med par mthah yan yod ma yin || 19 || In a Vx of CSV once pa yod for yod na. V sthirata yadi kalasya sthirah kalo na jayate asthiras cet katham tisthed asann ante na vidyate || This cannot be accepted. See the commentary. I shall translate it differently : sthitiyadi bhavetkAle sthitiH kAlo bhavetra hi| atha sthitina vidyeta mAnto'pi syAhinA sthitim // 18 // As regards 6 CSV seems to take it differently, as shows the following extract : CSV : de la gal te dus la gnas pa yod do snam du sems na ni ho na ni gnas pa dus su mi thgyur ro || dper na rten dan rten pa dag tha dad paui phyir khyim na yod pahi lha sbyin khyim nid du mi hgyur ba de bz'in du gnas pa dus su mi hgyur te dus la yod paui phyir ro || desi phyir dus kyi ran bz'in ma yin pas de dus kyi mtshan nid ma yin no || ci ste gnas pa med na ni gnas pa dan bral bahi dus la mthah yo's su hjig pa yan yod par mi hgyur ro | dehi phyir da Itar byun bahi dus yun du gnas pa hgyur la || dus de rtag paui phyir da ltar byua bahi dros po yan rtag par hgyur na hdi ni de ltar yan ma yin te dehi phyir gnas pa med do | la sthitiyadi bhavetkAle iti manyate tadA sthitiH kAlo bhavetra hi| 1 x hod.

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127 270] . CHAPTER XI yathAdhArAdhiyayo dAihe vidyamAno devadatto gRhameva na bhavatyevaM sthitiH kAlo bhavenna hi| kAle sdbhaavaat| tasmAtkAlasya svabhAvo nAstIti na sA kAlasya lakSaNam / patha sthitinaM syaat| sthityA rahitasyAntaH parikSayo'pi na syaat| tataH pratyutpatraH kAla AyAtyAM tisstthet| tasya kAlasye nityatvAt pratyatpano bhAvo'pi nityo bhvet| evamapodaM na bhvti| tammAvAsti sthitiH // 18 // 270 CSV: hdir smras pa gnas pa de ni yod pa nid de de dan ldan pahi dnos po la mi rtag pa nid yod pahi phyir ro |gnas pa dan bral bahi dnos po yod pa ma yin pahi phyir rten med pahi mi rtag pa nid mi srid pa z'ig na dnos po la mi rtag pa nid yod pahan yin te deni phyir de yod pas gnas pa yan yod par hgyur ro || hdi la bsad par bya ste gal te mi rtag pa nid ces bya ba hgah z'ig yod par hgyur na ni de dnos po las gz'an nid dam gcig nid du hgyur gran na I gni ga ltar yan mi hthad do || z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa - pravAha / asyeva sA sthitiH| tahato bhaavsyaanitytvaat| sthitirahitasya bhAvasyAsasvAdanAzrayasyAnityatvasyAsambhave bhAve'nityatvasyApi sttvm| tasmAttatsattvena sthiterapi sattvam // ptrocyte| yadyanityatvaM nAma kiJcitsyAttadbhAvAdanyadeva vaikameva vA syaat| ubhayathApi nopapadyata iti prtipaadyvaah--| gal te mi rtag dios gz'an na | dnos po mi rtag par mi hgyur | gcig na mi rtag nid gan yin | de nid dnos po ga la gnas | 20 || In c Vx of CSV ga for gan and de for po in d. V bhavantaram anityam ced bhavo'nityo na vidyate | ekasyanityata yasya katham bhavah sa tisthati || 20 || . It cannot be accepted. I may offer the following :

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128 CATUHSATAKA [271 bhinne bhAvAdanityatve bhAvo'nityo na jAyate / ekatve yadanityatvaM sa hi bhAvaH sthitiH kutaH // 21 // CSV: gal te mi rtag pa nid dros po las gz'an nid du hgyur na ni deni tshe mi rtag pa nid mtshan nid tha dad pahi phyir dnos po rtag par hgyur na dnos po ni rtag pa yan ma yin pas mi rtag pa nid la gz'an nid yod pa ma yin no || ci ste gcig nid hdod na de Ita na yan de las tha dad pahi dnos po mi srid pahi phyir mi rtag pa nid gan yin pa de nid dros po yin pas dnos po mi rtag pa nid kyi bdag nid can yin pahi phyir gnas pa gtan mi srid pa kho na ste deni phyir gnas pa med do ll gnas pa med pas ni mi rtag pa nid kyan yod pa ma yin z'in | gnas pa dan mi rtag pa gnis med pas kyan dnos po med la 1 de med pasi phyir na dus kyan yod pa ma yin ro.|| zes bya ba grub bo || 21 || ___= panityatvaM ceddhAvAdanyadeva tadAnityatvalakSaNabhedAnAvo nityo bhavati / na ca bhAvo nitya iti naanitytvsthaanytvm| athaikatvamithate tathApi bhAvastasmAtpRthagna sambhavatIti yadanityatvaM sa eva bhAva iti bhAvasyAnityatvAtmakatvAtsthi tiH sarvathaiva na smbhvti| tasmAnAsti sthitiH| sthityabhAvenAnityatvamapi nAstIti sthityanityatvayoIyorabhAvena, nAsti bhAvaH / tadabhAvena kAlo'pi nAstIti sikSam // 20 // 271 CSV : gan shar gnas med dnos po ga la z'igi 1 mi rtag pas gnas ga la yod || ces brjod pa de la smras pa mi rtag pa nid yod kyan gnas pa yod pa kho naho || ji ltar byas nas se na gnas pani dus na ni gnas pa ches stobs dan ldan gyi mi rtag pa nid ni ma yin la stobs chun bas stobs dan ldan pa hjoms par nus pa yan ma yin no || hdi yan mi rigs so || Z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa - yatpUrva ( 267 a-b) sthiti vinA kuto bhAvo 'nityatvena sthiti: kutaH / 1 See 2070 IX pahi, but seo 2676 ,

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272] CHAPTER XI 129 ityatA tbaah| anityatve vidyamAne'pi vidyata eva sthitiH| kathaM kvatveti / khitikAle sthitirbalavattarA naanitytvm| na ca dubailo balavantaM vinAzayituM manotIti / idamapi na yujyata iti prtipaadyvaah-| mi rtag nid gar stobs chun der | gnas pa stobs chun ma yin na .: phyi nas de dag nes par go | balog par ci yis mtholi bar hgyur || 21 || In a Vx of CSV gni for nid ; Vx of CS gan for gar; and with V des for der. Vanityam durbalam yena durbalam san na jayate tatsthitir niyatam pascan nivsttih kena drsyate || 21 || This can hardly be accepted. I may suggest the following: dubailAnityatA yatra sthitistatra na durblaa| ki pazcAniyamAdRSTastayoH padaviparyayaH // 21 // CSV : gal te gnas pani dus na mi rtag pa nid stobs chun na gan gis na phyi chos mthun par gnas pa de hjoms par hgyur ba phyi nas de stobs dan ldan pa nid cis yin | dehi phyir sna rol nid du de ches stobs dan ldan pa ma yin pa nid yin pa ham | yan na ya nasi ches stobsi dan ldan pa ma yin pa. hid du hgyur ro || dehi phyir duos po rtag paham gnas pa med par hgyur na hdi ni rigs pa yan ma yin no || dehi phyir de yod pa ma yin no || ...= yadi sthitikAle'nityatvaM durbala kena pazcAddhamasAmye sA sthiti niyte| kena tasya pshcaahlvttvm| tasmAttatpUrvameva vA pazcAdeva (?) vA na blvttrm| tasmAdbhAvo nityo vA sthitihIno vA syAt / na cedaM yuktam / tamAna sA vidyate // 21 // 272 . CSV : gz'an yah | - = anycc| gal te mi rtag stobs chun min! dnos po kun la yod na ni * The context requires that we should read here phyi nas as above for ya nas whioh doo not give here any suitable sense. 2 X chos. 17

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130 CATUHSATAKA [272 kun la gnas pa med pa dan | yan na thams cad mi rtag min || 22 || The last two lines are not quoted in CSV. V has unnecessarily taken liberty to change min in a and d to yin, and translated the karika accordingly. V anityam durbalam yena sarvabhavesu vidyate | sadasattvam ca sarvasminn atha sarvam asasvatam | 22 | I think none can concur here with V in regard to his translation or the changing of the reading. He himself says that in all the Tib. versions (including, I may add, Vxx of CS and CSV) the reading is min in a and d. But why has he emended it ? He says: "le verse reste incomprehensible avec la negation. C'est pour quoi j'ai pris une liberte' avec notre texte. La version chinoise toutefois confirme notre lecture." As the following extract of CSV will show the karika is not incomprehensible with the readings, nor confirms the Chinese version his emendation. Tucci writes in his Italian translation from Chinese : "Il Vaidya non intende bene, ed ha torto di sostituire al min di a ed: yin." In showing the corresponding Skt. of Tib. Tucci has evidently left out the Skt. word for min in a, alpa being the meaning of chun and not of chun min. V's restoration, specially of c, is also objectionable. The following may, however, be suggested : bhavetsarveSu bhAveSvanityatvaM durbalaM na cet / ferfaxaa paa a at FAATIHAH 1 22! CSV: gal te mi rtag pa nid stobs chun ba ma yin pas stobs dan ldan par hgyur te dnos po kun la gnas sin || gal te dnos po mthah dagi la khyab pas gnas na ni deni tshe thams cad la yan gnas pa med do || ci ste kun la mi gnas na ni dehi tshe chos thams cad mi rtag pa ma yin gyi || deni tshe hgah z'ig ni rtag par hgyur te gan na gnas pa ches stobs dan ldan paho || Cha hgah z'ig ni mi rtag par hgyur te gan na mi rtag pa nid ches stobs dan Idan paho || de Ita na thams cad mi rtag pa ma yin paham yan na gnas pa med par hgyur ro || 1 Should we read cig?

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273] CHAPTER XI 131 = yadyanitya tvaM durbala na bhavehabalavadbhavetsarveSu ca bhAveSu tiSThet / yadi bhAvAnAmekamantaM (1) vyApya tiSThettadA sarveSvapi na tiSThet / atha sarveSu na tiSThettadA na sarve dharmA anityAH syuH| tadA kazcid [aMzo] nityo yatra sthitiblvttraa| kazcidaMzo'nityo yatrAnitya tvaM blvttrm| evaM sati na sarve'nityAH / na vA [ sarve] sthitAH // 22 // 273 CSV : gz'an yan mi rtag pa nid hdi mtshan gz'i dan lhan cig hbyun ba ham dus phyis hbyun ba z'ig tu hgyur gran na de la = anycc| anityatvamida lakSyeNa saha vA jAyate pazcAtkAle vA / tatra gal te rtag tu mi rtag nid | yod na rtag tu gnas yod min yan na rtag par gyur zin nas phyi nas mi rtag par hgyur ro || 23 || V pitye'nityam yadi bhaven nityam satta na jayate | nitye ksine'tha tat pascad anityam kila jayate || 23 || I think it cannot be accepted. See the commentary quoted below. I may suggest the following : - yadi nityamanityatvaM bhavenityaM sthitina hi| nityo bhUtvAthavA pazcAdanityaH khalu jAyate // 23 // CSV : gal te rtag tu mi rtag nid | yod na rtag tu gnas yod min || mtshan nid mtshan gz'i la mi hkhrul bahi phyir ro || gal te mi rtag pa nid rtag tu rjes su hbrel na ni deni tshe gnas pa rtag tu yod pa ma yin te mi rtag pa dan rjes su hbrel bahi phyir ro || yan na rtag par hgyur zin nas! phyi nas mi rtag par hgyur ro || gal le ji skad bsad pahi skyon span bar hdod nas phyi nas dnos po mi rtag par "dod na ni deni tshe dnos po de snar gnas pa dan ldan pas lhag par hgyur nas phyis mi rtag pa nid dan Idan pas mi rtag par hgyur ro || zes bya bar hgyur na | gan dios.po gcig rtag pa yan yin la mi rtag pa yan yin no || Z'es bya ba de yan rigs pa yan ma yin no ||

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132 CATUHSATAKA [274 = yadi nityama nityatvaM bhavenityaM sthitina hi| lkssylkssynnaavybhicaaraat| yadyanityatvaM nityamanuvaha na tadA sthitinityam / pnitytvaanubndhaat| nityo bhUtvAthavA pazcAdanityaH khalu jAyate // yadi yathoktadoSajihAsayA pazcAdbhAvo'nitya iSTastadA sa bhAvaH pUrvaM sthitimAnityatirikto bhUtvA pazcAdanityatvavAnityanitya ityeko bhAvo nityo'pi bhavatyanityo'pi bhavatIti yattadapi na yuktam // 23 // 274 CSV: yan thdus byas kyi mtshan nid rnams phan tshun mi hkhrul bahi phyir | = api c| saMskRtalakSaNAnAmanyonyamayabhicArAt gal te gnas pa mi rtag dan lhan cig dnos po la yod na mi rtag log par hgyur ba ham | yan na gnas pa brdzun par hgyur || 24 || In c V wrongly pa for ba. V anityena yada sardham satta bhavenu vidyate | ___ anityam jayate mithya mithya sattapi jayate || 24 || I should like to change it as follows: panityatvena sahitA sthitirbhAva bhavedyadi / mithyA vA syAdanityatvaM sthitiH syAditathAtha vA // 24 // CSV: gal te gnas pa mi rtag dan | lhan cig dnos po la yod na de ltar na yan | mi rtag log par hgyur ba ham | yan na gnas pa brdzun par hgyur || gal te dnos po de gnas pa deni tshe dehi mi rtag pa nid log par hgyur ro || ci ste hjig na ni deni tshe gnas pa brdzun par hgyur bas gnas pa mi rigs so l gnas pa de med pas kyan dros po med pa la dnos po yod pa ma yin na yan deui rten can gyi dus med pas dus ran bz in med par grub po ||

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276) CHAPTER XI 133 = anityatvena sahitA sthitirbhAva bhvedydi| tathApi mithyA vA syAdanityatvaM sthitiH syAditathAtha vA // yadi sa bhAvastiSThati tadA tasyAnityatvaM mithyaa| atha nshyti| sthitivitatheti sthitina yuktaa| sthitezca tasyA abhAvena bhAvo nAsti / bhAvasya cAbhAve tadAyiNaH kAlasyAbhAvAtkAlasvabhAvo na sidhyati // 24 // 275 CSV: hdir smras padnos pohi rgyu can gyi dus ni yod pa nid do | hdi Itar hdu byed hdas pahi rten can hdas pahi dus ni yod do | gal te dnos po hdas pa med na ni bdag hdas pahi dus na hdi Ita bu dan hdi lta bu z'ig tu gyur to snam du hdas pa la dmigs pa dran pa cini yul can z'ig tu hgyur | dehi phyir deni yul can gyi dran pa yod pas dnos poui rgyu can gyi dus yod pa nid do || z'es brjod do || hdir dran pa hdi nams su myon bar gyur pahi yul kho na la hjug ste da Itarbahi yul rnam par ses pas dnos su dmigs bz'in pa la ni dran pas dgos pa ci yan med do lo dehi phyir gan la dmigs pahi dran pa dmigs pahi dnos po de yod pa yin no || de yan snin po med do || z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pal ___= anaah| prastAva bhAvahetukaH kAlaH / tathA hi| astyatItasaMskArAzrayaH kaalH| yadyatIto bhAvo na syAnmamAtIte kAla evamevamabhUditi manane'totAlambanA smRtiH kiMviSayA syaat| tasmAttahiSayakasmRtisadbhAvAdastyeva bhAvahetukaH kAla ityucyte| atra smRtiriyamanubhUta eva viSaye prvrtte| vartamAna viSayavijJAnana vastuta upalabhyamAnasya smatyA na kimapi pryojnm| tasmAdyadAlambanA smRtirAlambanabhUtaH sa bhAvo vidyate / tadapyasAramiti pratipAdayavAha mthon zin dnos po mi snan z'in | slar yan sems skye min des na dran pa z'es bya log pa yil don la log pa kho na hbyun || 25 | . 1 x 1ta.

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134 CATUESATAKA [275 rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las dus dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste rab tu byed pa bcu gcig paho || 11 || In 6 V and Vx of CS kyi for skye, and yis for yi in c. V yo bhavas cetasa dTstah so'dTsto na punar bhavet | smrtir nama bhaven mithya mithya bhavo'pi jayate || 25 || Probably it is by mistake that this karika is printed in Romans instead of Italics in V's text showing thereby that it is preserved in the fragments (HPS) or elsewhere, but as it is found nowhere, so far as I know, and does not correspond to the Tib. text I take it to be his own restoration. It seems to me that there are some mistakes in the restoration as will be evident from the commentary quoted below, and as such it cannot be accepted. I may offer the following: na dRSTo dRzyate bhAvazcittaM na jAyate punH| tena mithyA smatirnAmArtho'syA miyaiva jAyate // 25 // = tfa mara 77:$alaanraaigedia PICT PORTUNIPPI CSV: da ltar bahi gnas skabs kyi dnos po deui ran gi no bo dnos su byed pahi ses pa da ltar bas mthon bas gan yin pa de ni slar mi snan no || don gcig rnam par ses pa gnis kyis yons su bcad par bya ba nid yin pa ni gon du bkag zin te tshul de nid kyisi mthon zin pahi dnos po mi snan no || gan gi tshe mi snan ba deni tshe deni yul can gyi sems slar yan mi skyeho 11deg dehi phyir dran pani dmigs pahi hdas pahi dnos po yin no || gal te de ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe dran pa de yod pahi don la dmigs pahi phyir ran gi no bos grub pa z'ig na gan gi tshe hdas pani dnos po de ran bz'in med pa deni tshe de la dmigs pahi dran pa yan ran bz'in med pa yin te deni phyir log pa yin no | z'es bya bar grub po || log pa z'es bya ba ni ran bz'in med pa dan | rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba z'es bya ba dan don gz'an ma yin pa ste dnos po med pahi don ni log pahi don ma yin no || hdas pahi dnos po rnam pa thams cad med pa ni ma yin te dran par bya ba yin pahi phyir dan | desi sbras bu mthon baui phyir ro || 1 After this in X there seems to be a letter which could not be read.

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275] . CHAPTER XI 135 ran gi no bos yod pa yan ma yin tertag pa nid du thal bahi phyir dar | dnos su hdzin par thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro !! rnam pa de lta buhi dnos po las skye ba na dran pa yan rnam pa de lta bu yin pas ! des na| dran pa z'es bya log pa yi | ___don la log pa kho na hbyun || z'es bya ba grub ste / sad pahi gnas skabs su rmi lam gyi gnas skabs kyi nams su myons pahi yul dran pa bz'in no ! __vartamAnAvasthasya tasya bhAvasya yatsvarUpaM sAkSAtkartuvartamAnena jJAnena darzanAdasti na ttyundRshyte| ekasya hyarthasya vijJAnayena paricchedyatvaM pUrvameva niSiddham / tenaiva nyAyena dRSTo bhAvo na dRshyte| yadA na dRzyate tadA tahiSayakaM cittaM punarna jAyate / - tasmAtsmRtarAlambanamatIto bhaavH| yadi sa svarUpeNa syAttadA sA smRtiH sato'rthasyAvalambanAtsvarUpeNa sidhyet| yadA tu so'tIto bhAvaH svarUpeNa nAsti tadA tadAlambanA smRtirapi nAsti / tasmAnmithyeti siddhm| mithye ti khabhAvanAbhAvaH pratItyasamutpAdazca nArthAntaram / bhAvAbhAvArtho hi na mithyArthaH / nAtItArthaH sarvathA na bhavati / smrnniiytvaatttphldrshnaacc| svarUpeNa sabapi ca na bhvti| nityatvaprasaGgAhastuto grhnnprsnggaacc| tAdRzAddhAvAnjAyate cet smatirapi tAdRzI bhvti| .. tena mithyA smRtirnAmArtho'syA mithrya va jAyate // . iti siddhm| jAgradavasthAyAM svapradarzanAvasthAnubhavaviSayakasmRtivat // 25 // 1265 (-XI. 18)

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CHAPTER XII LTA BU DGAG PA FSGOM PA BSTAN PA dRSTipratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam 276 CSV: hdir smras pa khyod kyis bdag med pa hdi chos bsal z'in rgyas par bstan la de bz'in gsegs pa yan hdi thugs su chud pa po dan nea bar hdoms pa po yin nal de cihi phyir chos hdi la hjig rten phal cher hjug par mi hgyur || gan gi phyir chos hdi ni mdzad pa po dan rnam par hchad pa po dan chos kyi che bahi bdag nid rnams kyis ches dkar ba z'ig stel deui phyir thar pa hdod pa thams cad kyis hdi la thjug par rigs ni lugs kyi khyad par ne bar bsad pa gz'an rnams ci ste hbyun || bsad par bya ste chos hdi la rab tu gsun ba po dan ruam par hchad pa po dan chos kyi ran gi no bohi bdag nid chen po dag yod mod kyi de lta na yan nan pa poui che bahi bdag nid sin tu ricd par dkahot hdi ltar | " ___ = prvaah| tvayA khalveSa nairAtmAdharmoM vyakta vistarazaH prdrshitH| tthaagto'pyymvbodhkcopdeshkshc| tatkimityasmin dharme loko bhUyasA na prvrtte| yasmAdayaM dharmaH kartuAkhyAturdharmasya ca mAhAtmyena zaklatara stasmAtsarveSAM mokSakAmANAM yuktaha prvRttiH| kiM vicaarvishessopdeshaantrH| ___ ucyte| yadyapi dharmasyAsya pravaktAkhyAturdharmasya ca svabhAvena mAhAtmyamasti tathApi shroturmaahaatmymtidurlbhm| tathA hi-| szur gnas blo !dan don gner bahi ! nan po snod ces bya bar bead smra po yon tan rnam gz'an du | mi hgyur han pa po lahan min || 1 || In c V and Vx of CS por for po, and V wrongly rnams for rnam. In dv Vx of CSV polayan for pa po lahan..

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276 CHAPTER XII 137 V saksi dhiman arthapatih srota drasteti bhanyate | vaktur guna na canyasya napi srotur bhavanti te !| 1 || None can accept it. I may offer the following: zaGguSTho buddhimAnarthI zrotA paatrmitiiryte| anyathA na guNo vaktuna zroturapi jAyate // 1 // In Tib. gzu or gzu ba means 'a post,' sanku, and gnas 'standing' or 'position,' sthana, sthiti. Hence the literal meaning of gzur gnas is 'one standing on a post' implying thereby one who being firmly fixed in a position does not move in the least not inclining to any side. This idea has, as seems to me, found its full expression in the word san kustha (Panini, VIII. 3,97) which closely correspond to Tib. gzur gnas. As the following extract from the CSV will show, it means an impartial person (a paksapatita). Accordingly taking the figurative sense one may employ nispaksah or nyayastha for san kusthah in the restored karika. For gzur gnas V uses saksin which is not appropriate, nor is supported by CSV. S.C. Das has given the meaning (witness"), no doubt, but he has also given the synonym gzu bo which means 'upright' 'honest.' And undoubtedly the Tib. phrase is used here in the second sense. In a V translates don gner ba by arthapati by which he wants to mean "le maitre des objects des sens." I think it has no authority. I translate it by arthin. See CSV, 184 (HPS, p. 476) where nivrttyarthi is translated by zlog pa don du gner ba. For his drasta in b there is nothing in Tib. Possibly he takes it for Tib. snod which actually means in Skt. bhajana or patra, and not drastr. The second half of his karika is also objectionable. CSV: gzur gnas blo Idan don gner bahi nan po snod ces bya bar bsad | de la gzu bor gnas pa ni gan phyogs su ma lhun baho || phyogs su ma lhua ba yan gan z'ig ce na gan z'ig ran dan gz'an gyi 18

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138 CATUHSATAKA (276 phyogs dag la rjes su chags pa dan rgyab kyis phyogs pa dan bral baho de ni de Itar sems kyi rgyud ma non mons' pahi phyir legs par bsad pa rin po cheui khyad par tshula ba lhur byed pa kho na yin pas kun nas non mons pahi phyogs hdor bahi rtsa ba ni gzu bor gnas pa nid yin no | dehi phyir de ltar na nan pa po gzu bor gnas pa ni dam pahi chos kyi bdud rtsi phul du byun bahi snod yin no || gzu bor gnas par gyur kyan gal te blo dan Idan par hgyur na ste legs par bsad pa dan nes par bsad pa dag gi soin po dan snin po med par rnam par dpyod pas la mkhas paho4 || de ni blo dan Idan pa nid kyis snin po med pa btan nas snin po len no || de ltar gal te nan pa po blo dan ldan par gyur na ni de de ltar snod du hgyur ro | de ltar gzu bor gnas sin blo dan Idan par gyur kyan legs par bsad pa nan pa don du gner bar hgyur z'in ri mohi skyes buhi rnam pa Itar mi brtson pa ma yin tel de ltar na gzur gnas blo ldan 'don gner bahi | nan po snod ces bya bar bsad do || nan pa po rnams de Ita bu yin na ni nes par smra po yon tan rnam gz'an du ! mi hgyur nan pa po lahan min. de la smra ba poui yon tan dag ni zur dod pa dan phyin ci ma log pa dan | gsal ba dan ma hkhrugs par brjod pa dan || nan pa pohi lhag pahi bsam pa khon du chud pa dan | sems la zan zin med pa nid de de lta bu la sogs pa dag go || nan pa po yan chos dan chos smra ba po gnis la gus pa dan | yid gtod pa nid dan | gzu bor gnas pa nid dan | blo dan Idan pa nid dan | don du gner ba nid do || deni don du gner ba nid ni chos dan chos smra ba dag la gus par byed pa dan yid gtod pa nid la sogs pa dag gis rtogs par byed do || de Itar yin dan smra ba po la yon tan rnam pa gz'an du mi thgyur la || nan pa po lahan yon tan rnam pa gz'an du mi hgyur ro || nan pa po rnam pa de Ita bu yod na ni smra ba po la yon tan skyon gyi no bor mi hgyur ro || nan pa pohi skyon las ni yon tan yan skyon gyi no bor rnam par hgyur la || skyon yan yon 1 x fon ma mons. x tshol. :X dbye ba. .X naho.

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277] CHAPTER XII 139 tan gyi no bor ram par hgyur gyi || bsad zin pahi mtshan nid can gyi nan pa po thos pa las byun ba la sogs pahi yon tan phyin ci ma log pahi tshogs kyi gz'ir gyur pa yod na ni smra ba po la yon tan rnam pa gz'an du mi hgyur la nan pa po la yon tan skyon gyi no bor mi hgyur ro || CSV: blun po bdag la bstan' pa na ci bdag cag la ses rab med dam ci z'ig bya | riogs par byed pa po med de' z'es de skad du gan smra ba po ma yin no || hdi ni lrag pahi bsam pa bskul bahi mdo las rtogse par byaho.|| _ tatra zaGguSThaH yaH pksse'ptitH| kaH punaH pakSe'patitaH / yaH svapakSe parapakSe cAnurAgaNa pratidhena ca pkssrhitH| sa hyeva cittasantAnAle zAtsubhASitaratnavizeSayutitatparo bhavatIti saMkla pakSakSepamUle zaGkI tisstthti| tasmAdeva sati zaGguSThaH zrotottamasya saddharmAmRtasya bhAjanam / zaGguSThabhUto'pi yadi prAjJaH svAt syaatsubhaassitdurbhaassitsaaraasaarvicaarpttuH| sa hi prAjJatvenAsAra tyaktA sAra' rjaati| zrotA devaM prAco bhavetsa bhAjanaM bhvet| eva' zaGguSThaH prAcabhUtatha subhASitaSaNArthI saMzcitra puruSa iva na vIryahIno bhvti| eva zaGguSTho buddhimAnarthI zrItA pAtramitIryate / boTaSu ca tAdRzeSu nUna anyathA na guNo vaktanaM zroturapi jAyate // taba vatAguNA apakSapAtitvamavaiparItyaM spaSTatvamakopavakta va zrotradhyAbhayAvagantatvaM niraamisscitttvnycetyevmaadyH| zroturapi dharma dharmavAdimi . yoH zradhA manonivezaH zaGguSThatvaM buddhimattvamarthitvaM c| tasvArthi tvaM ca dhase dharmavAdini ca zraddeyA manonivezAdinA ca prtiiyte| evaM ca sati vaktagaNo nAnyathA jAyate / zroturapi guNo nAnyathA jAyate / bopari hi tAdRze vakta guNo doSarUpo na bhvti| zroturdoSAhuNo'pi doSarUpeNa vikriyate doSo'pi ca guNarUpeNa vikriyte| uktalakSaNastu zrotA avasAdhutAviparItaguNagaNAnAmAdhAro bhvti| vaktagaNo nAnyathA jAyate / naca botarguNo doSarUpo bhavati / nAstyasmAka jar3AtmanAM dezanAyAM kApi prajJA kimapi kartavyaM vaa| nAsti pratipattetyevaM na ko'pi vktaa| pratyetavyametad abhi prA yo pa de za sUtre // 1 // 1 X botod (prata msa). .x rtog.

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140 CATUHSATAKA [277 277 CSV : de nid kyi phyir bcom ldan hdas kyis | = Taica Haalsrid dan srid thabs z'i ba yil thabs dan de bz'in z'i gsuns te hjig rten yons su mi ses gan | de ni thub pahi lta buri mnon || 2 | In d V na for ni. V ukto bhavo bhavopayah sivopayas tatha sivam yal lokenaparijnatam drstam tan munisannibham || 2 || V's reconstruction of d, distam tan munisannibham, is not intelligible to me, nor is it followed by his own translation. It seems to me that in d the reading lta bur does not give here any appropriate sense, and as such may be changed to lta bar, though the former is found in all the xylographs concerned including CSV. As regards the last two lines of the karika the following may be gathered here from the vstti: The teaching of Buddha regarding the four things, srid 'bhava' etc., produces its effect only on those who have proper thos pa 'sravana,' bsam pa 'manana,' and sgom pa 'bhavana. But those who do not practise them and consequently are not competent (snod 'bhajana' or 'patra') may complain saying "Why are the things not explained perfectly? We cannot understand them exactly." But this is their mistake (khrul ba 'bhranti). Only for this the Buddha, the Blessed One, cannot be blamed, because he has taught the four Noble Truths, and this being so where is the fault of the speaker? It is not the fault of the sun that a born-blind (dmus lon jatyandha') does not see the light. The '1 Read bar, "On trouve chez le sage (Boudha) tout ce que le monde ne connait pas parfaitement (Los antres precheurs sont infeieurs an Boudha, qui, seul, cannait la verite du rapsirs et du nirvana.")

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277) CHAPTER XII 141 Chinese translation is here too free. I may propose the following accepting the first half as reconstructed by V: uto bhavo bhavopAyaH zivopAyastathA shivm| yaloke na parijAtaM vyaktaM taddarzane muneH // 2 // CSV: de la srid pa ni hbras bur gyur pahi' ne bar len pahi phun po lnaho | srid pahi thabs ni rgyur gyur pahi hdu byed rams so || z'i ba ni mya nan las hdas pa ste | ne bar stshe ba thams cad log paui ran bz'in yin paui phyir ro || z'i baui thabs ni thphags pahi lam yan lag brgyad do || de ltar bcom ldan hdas kyis thar pa hdod pa rnams la hphags pahi bden pa bz'i ne bar bstan te blan bar bya ba dan dor bar bya baki nbras bu dan bcas pa dag ne bar bstan pahi phyir ro || de la thos pa dan bsam pa dan sgom pa dan Idan z'in yan dag pa ji Ita ba so so ran gis khon du chud pa rnams kyi rgyud la ni bcom Idan hdas kyis ne bar bstan pa don ji Ita ba bz'in kho na yin gyi | thos pa dan bsam pa dan sgom pa la mnon par brtson pa la doro (?) ba rnams ni bdag nid snod ma yin par ma "phags3 pa ni gan gi phyir kho bo cag gis don ji lta ba bz'in mi rtogs pas nes par hdi yan dag par ma bsad do | z'es hkhrul pa de thub pahi yin pa ltar nes par byed do || de tsam gyis ni sans rgyas bcom ldan hdas nons pa dan Idan pa yan ma yin no || hphags pahi bden pa bz'i ston par mdzad pa nid kyis skyes buhi don ma lus pa ne bar ston pahi mdzad pa po yin pahi phyir smra ba pohi skyon ga la yod || dehi phyir na thub pahi Ita bar z'es bsad de || kha cig dag gis des ne bar bstan pahi dnos pohi de kho na nid ji lta ba bz'in nes par ma zin pahi phyir ro || dmus lon gis ma mthon ba ni snan bz'in pahi ui mahi skyon ma yin te | ma loi ba nams kyis de mthoi bahi phyir roll = na Ha: agurera etajua Hi Hatari anlat: sNskaaraaH| zivaM nirvANam / saapdrvnittisvbhaavtvaat| zivopAya pArya pASTAGgiAko maargH| evaM bhagavatA mokSakAmebhya AryasatyacatuSTayamupadiSTam / 1 x bgyur bahi. * Here two letters could not be read in X; the first of them seems to be b. X bur. . X bphrige.

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142 CATUHSATAKA [278 sphlyohyopaadeyyorupdeshaat| tatra zravaNamananabhAvanAvatAM samyagyathAvat pratyAtmamavagacchatAM paramparAyAM bhagavatopadiSTo'rtho yathAvadeva bhvti| tyakta (1)zravaNamananabhAvanAbhyudyamAstu svayamabhAjanabhUtA anAryA nAsmAbhirathoM yathAvapratIyata iti nUnamaya na samyagbhASita iti sA bhrAntirmuneriti nizcinvanti / na tAvatA buddho bhgvaanpraadhyti| AryasatyacatuSTayasaMprakAzakatvena niravazeSapuruSArthasaMprakAzakatvAditi kuto vaktardISaH / tasmAnmunedarzana ityucyate / kecittaTupadiSTaM vastutatvaM yathAvatra nishcitmiti| na hi jAtyandhenAdRSTAlokasya sUryasya doSo bhavatyanandhestasya darzanAt // 2 // 278 CSV : hdir smras pa | de bz in gsegs dehi mion par mtho. bahi gtam thams cad ni ches don gsal ba yin na nes par legs pahi gtam ni dnos po thams cad med par ston pa lhur len pa nid kyis kho bo cag Ita bu rnams kyis rtogs par mi nus tehdi Itar bcom ldan hdas dnos po thams cad kyi ran gi no bo sun hbyin par z'ugs pahi phyir kho bo cag gi yid mgu bar mi mdzad de || bsad par bya ste | = avaah| tasya tathAgatasyAbhyubatAsu sarvAsu kathAsvatyarthaM vyaktAsu [api] sarvabhAvAbhAvapradarzanaparatvena na niHzreyasakathAsmAdRzairavagantu shkyte| eva ca bhagavAn sarvabhAvasvarUpadUSaNapravRttatvAbAsmAkaM manaH santoSayati / ucyte-| thams cad btan bas mya nan las / hdah bar ya mtshan can kun hdod | kun sun hbyin la de dag ni mi dgar hgyur baui rgyu ci z'ig || 3 ||| In d V dkah for dgar ; Tucci reads dgah which is not supported by any X examined by V and myself. V sarvatyagena nirvanam sarvapasandinam matam na tesam dusanaih sarvaih kincid vaimukhyakaranam || 3 ||| This is reconstructed by V according to the fragments of the commentary in which most of the words occur. See below. I would accept it making a slight modification : 1 According to the reading adopted by V in d, as shown above, it should readin Skt.: kificit krochrasya karapam.

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143 279] . CHAPTER XII sarvatyAgena nirvANaM sarvapASaNDinAM matam / na sarvadUSaNe teSAM kiJcimukhyakAraNam / / ___CSV: ['sAyavaizeSikAdInAM sarvapASaNDinAM nikhilasukhaduHkhAdibhAvasaMtazani-vRttyA mokSAvAptiriti nizcayaH / yadA caivaM sarvatyAgena sarvapApaNDinAM nirvANamabhimataM tadA na kiJcin mayA vApUrvamuktaM yahaimukhya kAraNaM bhavet / pASaNDike yeSAmeva hi padArthAnAM nirvANe punarapravRttyA nivRti'rabhisamohitA' teSAmeva mayA nai:svAbhAvyapratipAdanapareNa zAstreNAsa darzanakaNTakoDaraNAmakena"] nirvANanagaragAmimArgaparizodhanamanuSThitam / takimiti dvadi" bhayamasalkalpayitvA" bhavAn bibheti| AdhIyatAM manaHparitoSaH kriyatAmAmasAdarya dharmoM nivezyatAM cetasi sAla zikavastu"nivAraNa kathA // 3 // " 279 _CSV: nanu ca yadi sarva pASaNDi nAmapyayabhavAbhiprAyo yaduta sarvatyAgena nivANamiti kaH punarbhavatastIthikAnAJca vizeSaH / aya vizeSo yattIthikAnAM sarvatyAgAbhiprAyamAnaM na punaH srvtyaagopaayaakhyaanm| anupadiSTe ca srvtyaagopaaye| gan z'ig gton tha bs mi ses de ci z'ig gton bar byed par hgyur | des na nes par thub pa yis | 1. gz'an du z'i ba med ces gsuns || 4 || 1.1 Tib, grans can pa dan bye brag pa la sog3 pa ya mtshan can thams oad kyis bde ba dan sdug banal ba la soge pa drus Po kun nas ton mons pa mihah dag log pas. . Tib. abnyupagamah (khas blans). : 'Nb. ad. api (yan). * Tib. om. it. HPS upacaritam for aktam in Tib. (gsung pa). . Tib. ya mtahan can rnams kyis; HPS om. it. ' Tib. mya man las hdah bar; HPS nivrttir. . Tib. 11t. ista (bdod). * Read in Tib. bdag gis for deggi. 10 Here before asad- two or three letters in Tib. could not be read, but they seem to be yod pa. 11 HPS darsanakata followed by marks of a gap. 13.19 Tib. tsher ma hbyin pahi bdag nid can gyi. Here in X tsher ma is conjectured only the being legible. 1. The Tib. equivalent could not be read in X being very indistinct. " Tib. brtags nas%3; HPS likhya. W Tib. bskyed pa, lit. utpadyatam. 16 Tib. bdag nid la, lit. atmani. " Tib. kasarvavastusokanivadeg (degon mons pahi dois po thams cad mya nan les). 18 After this there is a long passage in the Tib. version which is omitted in the fragments. " Tib. om. sarva 20 HPS ad. tu.

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144 CATUHSATAKA [280 In c Vx of CSV wrongly yi for yis. ki kariSyati sa tyAgaM tyAgopAya na vetti yaH / zivamanyatra nAstIti nUnaM tenoktavAnmuniH // 4 // . _CSV: sarvatyAgAzaye'pi sthite' tothikamatAvalambI tyAgopAyAnabhinnaH ki tyAga kariSyati / yatra jAnAti sarvadharmasvabhAvazUnyatAlakSaNaM sarvatyAgopAya / / ata eva zivamanyatra nAstIti nUnaM tenoktavAnmuniH // 4 // 280 CSV: nanu ca tavA pyaparyantavAda jJeyasthAtIndriyeSvartheSUpadiSTeSvasamakSatvAt teSAM saMzaya eva jAyate kimasAvartho ythopdissttstthaivaahokhidnytheti| na hi tahiSaya nizcaya kaarnnmstiiti| ttraapyucyte-|. sans rgyas kyis gsuns Ikog gyur la . gan zig the tshom skye hgyur ba| de yis ston pa nid bsten te hdi nid kho nar yid ches bya ||5|| In c Vn of CSV brten for bsten. * buddhotaSu parokSeSu jAyate yasya saMzayaH / ihaiva pratyayastena kartavyaH zUnyatAM prati // 5 // CSV: na hi sarve bhAvAH pratyakSajJAnagamyA anumAnagamyA prapi vidyante / zakyaM cAtrAnumAna katu dRssttaantsdbhaavaat| iha sarva tyAgopAyaH srvdhrmkhbhaavshuunytaa| sA cAzakyA kenacidanyathAtvamAsAdayitum / sUkSmavAyamoM nityasavihito'pi srvjnaasmksstvaat| tasya copapattyA sarvadharmasvabhAvagrAhavinivAraNamukhenopapAditA yathAvattA / atraiva tAvadAsthIyatAM nizcayaH / pathAva kimevametadutAho panyathatyasti kiJcidanizcayakAraNaM tadupadizyatAM yadi taba niraakRtmuktaavkssymaannprkrnnprtipaaditnishcyen| na ca zakyamanena svalpamapyanicayakAraNaM kizcidabhidhAtumiti siddha evAyaM dRssttaantH| tatazcAnyadapyasamakSArthapratipAdakavacanaM bhagavato yathArthamiti pratIyatAM vanayenaiva tathAgatopadiSTatvAtkhabhAvazUnyatArthAbhidhAyakavacanavaditi kuto buddonoSa parokSeSu saMzayAvakAzaH // 5 // 1 Tib. gnas kyan; HPS sthita tirthika.. * In the following line in OS V read sramana (dge abyon) and not sravana ag reade HPS. * Tib. ad. darsane (khyod kyi ltar na). . Tib. paryantatvad (mthah yas). * Tib. thams cad ; HPS om. it. * Tib. ci ate hdi la ; HPS reade it just before asti which followe. Here follows in Tib. a passage containing two blokas, but it is omitted in the fragments,

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282) CHAPTER XII 146 281 CSv: na ca tathAgatavattothikAnAmapi zakSyamaviparItArthA bhidhAyikhamavasAtaM teSAM dRSTadharma eva viprysttvaat| tathA hyasya lokasya tainityakAraNapUrvikA prvRttirupdishyte| sA cAzakyapratipAdanA dRSTaviruSpA copapattiviruddhA c| evm-| gan gis hjig rten hdi mthon dkah 1 de ni gz'an la blun pa nid | gan dag de rjes hgro de dag! sin tu yun rin bslus par hgyur || 6 || In b V wrongly ba for pa. _ * loko'yaM yena durdaSTo mUr3ha eva paratra sH| vaJcitAste bhaviSyanti sucira ye'nuyAnti tam // 4 // CSV: na hi sampUrNe candramasi vyAhatadarzanasAmarthyo 'dhruvamarundhatI vA pazyatIti sambhAvyam / taddadaya tIrtha ko lokasya sattvabhAjanAkhyasya hetuphalavyAmUr3hatvAt sthUlamevArtha tAvadyadA na samyagocate tadA kathamayamatisUkSma vidUradezakAlavyavahitaM saprabhedamarthaM jAsyatIti' sambhAvayituM shkym| tadima taurthika khayamatyantaviparyAsitadarzana' mRgatRSNAjalavadanupAsanIya tattvadarzanAmalajalapipAsavaH saMsArAdhvaparizramalamApanodanAya vaJcitAste bhaviSyanti suciraM ye'nuyAnti tam // aparyavasAnAparakoTike saMsAre te vata vaJcitA bhaviSyanti ye yathArtha* zAstAraM buddha bhagavantamavadhUya' dRSTAdRSTapadArthasvabhAvazthAmUDhaM mokSakAmatayA taurthikamanugacchanti // 6 // 282 ___CSV: kasmAtyanarate mokSakAmA viparyastadarzana torthikamanugacchanti / khabhAvazUnyatAdharmopadezazravaNabhayAt / tadbhaya 1 Tib. om. artha-. . Tib. bstan par mi nus 80, and thus does not support degpratipadya of HPS. * Tib. lit. parnima- (na ba). 4 Tib. ad. kascid (bgah z'ig gis). 5 Tib. om. iti sambhavyam. * Tib. om. vi.. 7 Tib. om. iti sam. B For this Tib. phyi mahi mur (1) gtugs pa med pa can. Should we read mthah tor mur? Forvathartha avadhuya Tib. budhena bhagavata yathavad upadistam artham anupasya (gang rgyas bcom Idanhda 3 kyis donji Itaba bz'inston pa lami beten par). io HPS ad. [sta-] mevam which is not supported by Tib. 19

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146 [283 CATUHSATAKA nAstya haM na bhaviSyAmi na me'sti na bhaviSyati / ityAlambo caasot| vAsazcArya sucirmhngkaarmmkaaraabhyaasaat| ata eva kalyANamitraparigrahAtsucirAbhyastamapi bhAvasvabhAvAbhinivezamalaM tyktaa-| mya ian. hdas par ran hgro gan | de ni sin tu bya dkah byed hdren slad bz'in duhan dam pa ni ma yin yid hgror spro ma yin || 7 || In a V misprint das hpar for hdas par. In c V and Vx of CS pahi slad bz'in for slad bz'in duhan. * svaya ye yAnti nirvANaM te kurvanti suTuSkaram / gantunotsahate netuH pRSThato'pyasato manaH // 7 // CSV: buddho bhagavAn svayaM bhUtvA svayameva nirvASapuramupayAtaH / tasye tya' duSkarakAriNo mahAkAruNikasya' . gantunotsahate netuH pRSThato'pyasato manaH // na kevalamasato'haGkAramamakAravyavasthitasya khayameva nirvANaM gantu mano notshte| api khalu 'duSkarakAriNo' netuH pRSThato'pya mato nirvANaM gantu mano notsahate // 7 // 283 ___CSV: kasmAtpunarasya netuH pRSThato'pyasataH pugalasya nirvANa' gantu mano notshte| zUnyatAyAM traasaat| kasya punarasyAM trAso bhvtiiti| yasya bhavati taM prati 13 pratipAdayavAha- . m malavan 1 See HPS. p. 69 where the same line is quoted with the same reading, i.e. asti for asmi. It is quoted also in the Bodhica.rya vatara pasi jika, p. 449, reading asti and not asmi. The second half of the karika as found in the above work is as follows: iti balasya samtrasah panditasya bhavaksa yah 11 Tib. brtags nas which means here kalpayitva; but the actual reading in Tib. seems to be according to Skt. brten nas. 3 Tib. skrag pa de yan; HPS tatrayam. * Tib. mnon par zen pahi dri ma dor nas, HFS degvekan malavat. 6 Tib. ne bar gbegs te ; HPS yati. * Tib. om. tasya. thugs rje chen po mnah ba; HPS om. it. 8 HPS plural number, while Tib. singular..... * Tib. mdzad dkah ba mzad pahi3; HPS yathopa varnitagya. . 10 HPS ad. asya after api. 11 Tib. mi sproho ; for notsa hate HPS notea ham pra veda yate. 11 Tib. dehi, lit. tasya ; HPS anyasya. For rjes bz'in du in Tib. one may read slad. 10 prati is not supported by Tib.

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284] CHAPTER XII 147 ma mthon skrag par mi rtsom ste | mthon na rnam kun de bzlog hgyur des na nes par cun zad cig | ses la skrag par bsgrub par bya || 8 || For bzlog in b Vx of CSV once ldog. In d Vx of CSV once brjad for bsgrub. * trAso nArabhyate'dRSTe dRSTe'paiti sa sarvazaH / niyamanaiva kiJcine tena nAso vidhIyate // 8 // According to the reading brjod par bya in d in Vx of CSV one should read here abhidhiyate for vidhiyate. CSv: avyutpannazAstrasajhetA hi gopAlAdayaH / zatazo'pyupadizyamAnAyAM zUnyatAyAM sarvathA'nupravezAbhAvanA dRSTatvAcchu nyatArthasya teSAM vAso notpadyate tasmin / dRSTe'paiti sa sarvazaH / dRSTe hi zUnyatAkhye dharme sa vAsastatpaNDitAnAM sarvathApati bhvnimittaatmaatmiiyaabhiniveshvigmaat| rajjvAM jAta' saviparyAsasya rajjudarzane sati srpbhyvigmvt| yastu kiJcijjAnAti tasya niyamenAvazyambhAvitayA trAso vidhIyate // 8 // 284 CSV: kimarthaM punaramI kiJcinnA uttaraM padaM na paryeSante yAvateSAM sAtavyaparisamAptirbhavatIti / 1 ucyate / trAsAt / ki punasvAsasya kAraNam / paah| anbhyaasH| tasya punaH kiM kAraNam / viparItAbhyAsaH / tadeva prtipaadyvaah-| byis rnams nes pa kho nar ni thjug byed chos la goms pa ste | de dag goms pa med pa yis ! ldog byed chos la hjigs par hgyur | 90 1 HPS sarvatha tadanuo. * Tib. rjeg su z'ugs pa med pas: HPS prave sabhave sati. . Tib. ldog and not bzlog. Tib. de; HPS om. it. B Tib. om. it . Tib. skrag par; HPS santrasao. 7 Tib. skyes pahi ; HPS upayata . Tib. ad. kilioin najinati (eun zad cig mi ses pa). 10 Tib. om yavata. 11 For bhavatiti X reads ma gvur gyi bar du go which does not give here any sense. ad. llibialul for tslivsvur gvi bar du

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148 CATUHSATAKA [285 In a Vx of CSV na for ri. * ekAntenaiva bAlAnAM dharme'bhyAsaH pravartaka / dharmAvivartakAteSAmanabhyAsatayA bhayam // 8 // __CSV: saMsArapravRttyanukUlo hi dharmaH prvrtkH| pRthagjanaparyApavAyAM ca bhUmau sthitAnAM sattvAnAM' pravattaka eva dhrme'bhyaasH| bhAvAnA svabhAvazUnyatA hi nivartako dharmaH sNsaarnivRttynukuultvaat| [tadabhyAsa gasya paripanthayAtmasnehaH / tadanugatacittasantAnatvAtpRthagjanAstadyAvartakAvarmAtmutarAM bibhyti| svabhAvazUnyatA prapAtamiva manyamAnA na tAM yathAvatpratipattamutsahante // // 285 CSV: tadevamavidyAsAndrAndhakAramacchAditapadArthatattve'nupalabhyamAnAparakoTi saMsAramahA TavIkAntAra pranaSTasanmArgasya kasyacivAma pugalasya bhavati svabhAvazUnyatAkathAyAM cedbhaktiH sa . tadanukUla pratyayopa siddhihAraNa yathopa-10] cIyamAnaprasAdaH zUnyatAyAM bhavati tathA kArya karuNAvatA katajana ca bhagavati tathAgate saddharmAntarAyanimitaM karmAtmano mahAprapAtahataM parijihIrSaNA saGkaTamapyavagAhya durdeyamapi dattvA saMgrahavastu catuSTayena saMgrAhya saddharmo'ya15 saddharmabhAjanebhya' 1'updessttvyH| yastu na kevalaM yathopadiSTa na bahu manyate api tu-| 1 Tib. sems can ; HPS prthagjananam. * For pravartaka and nivartaka dharma or karman cf. Yogi y & jna valk y a, I.23: nivarta kam hi purusam nivarta yati janmatab! pravartakam hi sarvatra punaravrttihetukamil . Tib. dnos po rnams kyi; HPS om.it. * Supplied from Tib. de la goms pabi. bhavanam svabhavasunyati. sutaram bibhyati; this is found differently in Tib.as follows: nivartako hi dharmas tada bhyas a pari panthini bhavanam svabhava bunyata omsaraniyrityanukulatvat || atmasnehanugatacitta santanatvato tibhyati (dog par bved whichos ni de la goms pahi gegs Gnos po rname kyi ra bz'in ston pa nid de hkhor ba idog pahi rjes su mthun pahi phyir ro || So schi skye bo rnams ni eems kyi gyud bdag la chags pa dan rjos su hbrel babi phyir de ldog por byed pabi chos la ohes sin tu bjigs la || FTib.anidyante (thog ma dan tha ma dan mi ldan pabi) for anudegkotike. 7 Tib. om. maha. * Tib. om. nama. * Tib. om. it. 10 Tib. bsgrubs pahi sgo nas ji ltar bphel bar. 11 Tib. maha karunikena (spin rje che ba). 12 Inx krtar, byas, is quite clear but not -jffena, ses pa, being illegible. 13 Tib. om. karma. For kyis read kyi in bdeg kid kyis. 1. Tib. yons suspan bar bdod pas; HPS parijihirsa [adbhyab]. 16 Tib. ad. sarvaprayatnena (hbad pa thams cad kyis). 16 Tib. - bhajanabhutebhyab (smod du gyur pa la). 1 Tib. ad. jane bhyab (skye bo).

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287]] CHAPTER XII 149 gan z'ig gti mug hgah z'ig gis | bsgribs sin de nid gegs byed pa de la dge legs hgro ba yan | med na thar pa. smos ci dgos || 10!! In d V ba for pa. ___ * vighnaM tattvasya yaH kuryAito mohena kenacit / kalyANAdhigatistasya nAsti mokSe tu kA kathA // 10 // CSV: mohena kenacaditIrthAmAtsaryakosodyabhayoTaviheSAdinA tattvopadezabhAjane jane yastattvadezana zravaNAdivighAtaM karoti tasya sugatarapi tAvaddeva manuSyAtmikAyA nAsti sambhavo niyataM [durga-]tigamanAt kimutAsya mokSakathAvakAzaH syAt // 10 // 286 CSV : evaM parAtmanoratyantApakAritAM pazyatA bhagavatA tthaagte'moktm-| tshul khrims las ni nams bla yi || Ita las cis kyan ma yin no 1 tshul khrims kyis ni mtho ris hgro | Ita bas go hphan mchog thob hgyur || 11 || In c Vx of CSV bde bgror (= sugati) for mtho ris (= svarga). In d V du, and Vx of CS tu for thob. * zIlAdapi vara saMso na tu dRSTeH kathaJcana / ...zolena gamyate svargo dRdhyA yAti paraM padam // 11 // CSV: sUtra ukta / vara zolavipano na tu dRSTivipanna iti // 11 // 287 CSV: evamatimahArthatAmasya tattvadarzanasyAvatyaitadavighAtAya viduSA yatitavyam / na cAnena taddighAtabhayadarzinA satA sarvatraivAnavadhArya paatrvishessmetberaamaadrshnmupdessttvympaavessu| apAtre hi tadupadezo'nAyaiva0 syAt / ["uktaM ca . Tib. lha dan; HPS om. it. 1 Tib.gegs 3 HPS vighatakam. . Tib. nan hgror bgro bas%3; HPS apa- for durgatis. HPS ad. era. Tib. om, atyanti. 6 Tib. drstva (gzigs nas). Tib. om. tathagatean; * Tib. sin tu don che ba fiid du, HPS degmaharghatam. * Tib. om. it. 10 Tib. lit. anarthahetur eva (don ma yin pa bi rgyu kho nar). 11.11 Supplied from Tib:

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150 CATUHSATAKA [287 upadezo hi mUrkhANa prakopAya na zAntaye / . payaHpAnaM bhujaGgAnAM kevala viSavardhanam // (See p. 23.) iti / / bhagavatApyuktam-vara khalu kAzyapa pugaladRSTiH sumerumAtrA na tvevAbhimAnikasya shuunytaadRssttiH| tatkasmAddhe toH| sarvadRSTigatAnAM zUnyatA niHsaraNam yasya khalu zUnyatAdRSTistamahamacikitsAm [iti vadAmi] iti / 11 ] ata eva dam pa min la bdag hdzin mchog | bdag med ston pa ma yin te gcig ni nan hgror nid sgro ba / tha mal ma yin si nid duho || 12 // In a Vx of CSV yin for min, and la for ba in c. * ahaGkAro'sataH zreyAna tu nairaatmdrshnm| ___ apAyameva yAtyekaH zivameva tu netaraH // 12 // CSV: nairAtmAdharmAdhimuktivirahito hyAtmagrAhAbhiniviSTo'saddharmasamA. zrayAdRSTigahanAnucArI nro''snnityucyte| tasyAsato varamAtmadezanA duzcaritanivRttyanukUlatvAt tasyAH / tathA hyasAvAtmasnehAnugamanA dvitamAtmano'sbhivAJchan duzcaritanivRttiM bahu mnyte| nivRttapApasya cAsya sugatigamana bhavati sulbhm| nairAtmayopadezastasya pratikSepaviparyAsabodhAbhyAM kAyacittasantAna niytmuphnti| tadevam . , apAyameva yAtyekaH zivameva tu netaraH / nairAtmAdarzanavipratipano hyavihAnapAyameva yAti na zivam / yastu netaraH ma zivameva yAti naapaaym| itrshbdo'ymnutkRssttvaacii| kshcaanutkssttH| yaH zUnyatArthaM viparIta madhigacchati pratikSipati vaa| tatpatiSedhena netaraH / netara ityuklaSTa ityrthH| yata eva zUnyatopadezAditaro'pAyaniSTha stata eva blun la ne bar bstan pa ni hkhrugo hbah z'ig go || (p. 23) z'eg kyan bead do || bcom ldan hdas kyis kyan hod sruns gan zag tulta bari rab taam ni blahi mnon pahi na rgyal can ston pa nid du lta ba ni mayin noll de cihi phvir z'o na hod sruns Ita bar gyur pa thams cad la nos par hbyun ba ni ston Danid yin na gan ston pa nid du Ita ba de ni gsor mi run no [zes nas bead do] res gsuns so|| This quotation is from the Katyapaparivarta,8864-65 (varam khaludeg kasmad dhetoh in $ 64, and ervadrstio vadami in $ 65) with some unimportant variations in both Skt. and Tib. 1 Tib. mi; HPS om. it. . Tib -anubandhad (rjes su hbrel bas) for anugamanad. * Tib. hitam sukham ca (phan pa dan bde ba). 4 Tib. bdag nid la; HPS atmana. 5 Tib. ad. -dharma- (chos) after nairatmya-. . Tib. gan z'ig; HPS om. it. 7 ston pa nid kyi don phyin ci log tu; HPS viparitam sunyatartham. . Tib. mthar thug; HPS degnivista.

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288] CHAPTER XII 161 zUnyatopadezAnnetaro nirvANaniSTho jaayte| zUnyatAdarzanapratyayena' sarvatra saGgaparityAgAntrihatale zakarmagaNI niyataM nivRtipada mupyaati| [athavA yo'saberAtmAdharma zRNoti sa pratikSepaviparyayabodhAbhyAmapAyameva yaati| yo na zoti sa puNyakarma pratyayena kharga'meva // ' ] 12 // 288 CSV: ki punarida nairAtmA nAma yadasatsu nopadeSTavya satsu copadeSTavyamiti ttprtipaadynnaah.-| z'i sgo gnis pa med pa dan Ita ba nan rnams hjigs byed cin | sans rgyas kun gyi yul hgyur bal bdag med ces ni bya bar brjod || 13 !! In 6 Vxx of OS and CSV hjig for hjigs. In c Vx of CSV gyur for kgyur, and Vxx of cs and CSV la for ba. __ * advitIyaM zivahAra kudRSTInAM bhayaGkaram / . viSayaH sarvabuddhAnAmiti nairAtmAmucyate // 13 // ___CSV: yadahitIya zivahAraM tnnairaatmaam| yatkudRSTInAM bhayaGkaraM taverAmAm / yo viSayaH sarvabuddhAnAM tntrairaatmprmucyte| tatrAtmA nAma yo'parAyattasvarUpaH svabhAvaH / [ tadabhAvo nairAtmAm / ] tacca dharmapuhalabhedAta prtipdyte| dharmanairAtmA pugalanairAtmapra ceti| tatra pugalo nAma ya: skandhAnupAdAya prajJapyate / sa ca skandheSu paJcadhA mRgyamANo na smbhvti| dharmAstu skandhAyatana dhAtusaMzabditAH pdaarthaaH| tadeSAM dharmANAM pugalasya ca yathAkha .. hetupratyayAdhInajanmatvATupAdAya prajJapyamAnatvAcca svAyattamaparAyattaM nijama 1 Tib. rkyen gyis; HPS pratyayah (yam). . Tib. mya nan las hdns pahi go hphan du: HPS nirvrttimupa'. 1. Tib. yan na dam pa ma yin gan z'ig bdag med pahi chos-nan pa de ni spang pa dan phyin ci log tu rtogs pas non hgro kho nar hgro la ll gan z'ig minan pa de ni bsod nams kyi las kyi rkyen gyis bde hgro nid duho || .. Lit. Bugatideg (bdo hgro). Tib. om. ucyate. 6 Tib. de ladeg, HPS tacca.. 7 HPS yad for yah. Before aparayao Tib. ad, bhavanam (dios po rnams kyi). * HPS -svarupas va bhava". . Tib. do med pa ni bdag med pabo; HPS om. it. 10 HPS ad. skandhapancakasyopadanakhyasyopadata. 11 Tib. lit. prativate (brtags). 11 Tib. skye mched =ayatana ; HPS skandha ghanadhatuo.

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152 CATUHSATAKA [289 taka rUpaM nAstIti pulasya dharmANAM ca naHsvAbhAvya vyavasthApyate / yasya cArthasya kharUpasiddhirnAsti tasya kenAnyenAtmanAstu siddhiriti| tasmAtsarvathAsiddhalakSaNA' eva' padArthA mUkhaMjanasya visaMvAdakenAtmanA pratItya vo pAdAya vA vartamAnA mUDhadhiyAM saGgAspadaM bhvnti'| yathAsvabhAva tu samyagdarzaneH pratibhAvyamAnA dharmapudgalayoH [saGgAparikSayavAhakA bhvnti| ] saGga parikSayazca nirvANAvAptikAraNam / viditanairAtmAsya hi sarveSu' bhAveSu parikSINa saGgasya na kvacitkAciprArthanA kuto vA nimittopalambha ityahitIyameva zivahArametan nairAtmAm / tacaitatkudRSTInAM bhayaGkaram / ' nairAtmA hi vastunaH sarvathAnupalambhAtkudRSTInAM vastusvarUpaparikalpasamAzrayaNAda"tyantavinAzadarzanAdbhayaGkarametarAtmAm / viSayaH sarvabuddhAnAM nairaatmaam| sarvabudhAnAmiti zrAvakapratyekabuddhAnuttarasamyaksambadhAnAm / jJAnavizeSaviSayatvenAvasthAnAviSayaH srvbuddhaanaamityucyte| dharmazarIrAvyatirekavartitA vA sarveSAM samyaksambuddhAnAmAvedayannAha viSayaH srvbuddhaanaamiti| vizeSaNamAlayA sarvadharma nairAmAmuktamAcAryeNa // 13 // 289 CSv: etacca nairAtmA satA mandadhiyo janasya nopadeSTazyam / yasmAt -1 chos hdi yi ni min las kyan dam pa min pa hjigs pa skye | gz'an la hjigs pa mi skyed pahi | stoabs ldan z'es bya gan z'ig mthon | 14 | In c V and Vx of CS bskyed for skyed. * asya dharmasya nAmno'pi bhayamutpadyate'sataH / balavAvAma ko dRSTaH parasya na bhayaGkaraH // 14 // 1 Tib. om. akrtakam; HPS krtakerapath. . Tib. dehi phyir; HPS om. it. 3 Tib. svalaksanasiddah (rangi mtshan iiid kyig ma grub pa). * Tib. om. it. 5 Tib.om it. * Tib. om. it; HPS ca for ra. 7 Tib. hgyur la ; HPS sambhavanti. * Tib. chags pa yons su zad pa hdren par bgyur ro| * Tib. thams cad; HPS om it. 10 Tib. ksipa sesadeg (chagy pa ma lus pa zad pala). 11 HPS om. here a few lines. 11 Tib. parikalpana srayinam (yon su brtage pahi rten can). 13 Tib. phrengis ni; HPS- malaya-. 14 Tib. ohos thams oad ; HPS om. it. 15 Tib. skyo bo ; HPS om.it.

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290] CHAPTER XII 153 ___CSV: blvtrairaatmaadrshnsrvaasdrshniimmuulnsmrthtvaat| dubailmsddrshnmunmuulniiytvaat| niyataM caitadyadurbala: sblaadibhetiiti| tasmAna durbalasya kudarzanenAtmIkatacittasantAnasyAyaM dharma upadeSTavyo bhayaheturiti jatvA // 18 // 290 ___CSV: nanu copadeSTavya evAya' dharmaH sakalakudarzanapramAthitvAt / tathA avazyaM parapravAdinaH saha dharmeNa nigrhiitvyaaH| tatazca vAdArthinA satA paramatavijigISuNA dharmo'yamapAtreSvapyu padeSTavya iti / ucyte| naitadevam / yasmAt - / chos hdi de bz'in gsegs rnams kyis | rtsod pahi ched du ma gsuns so de Itahan hdis ni gz'an smra rnams bsregs te me yis bud sin bz'in ||15|| In V and Vx of CS te for so, and hdi for hdis in c. In d. V wrongly gsregs 'for bsregs and V and Vx of CS yi for yis. * vAdasya hi kate dharmoM nAyamuktastathAgataH / * . paravAdAMstathApyeSa dahatyagniryathendhanam // 15 // In a for hi kyte suggested by me HPS reads krtasah which does not give any sense. In order to avoid this difficulty V emends the reading vadasya kstasah as given by HPS by vivadasya kste. But it is to be noted that CSV frequently reads vada and not vivada. V reconstructs the second half as follows: tathayam anyasabadanam dahako'gnir yathendhanam || It cannot be accepted. The word agnih cannot be construed here with indhanam. _CSV: yadi cAya dharmo vAdasya kRte upadiSTaH] syAt syAdetadevam / na tvaya vAdArtha mupadiSTo vimokssmukhenopdeshaat| yadyapyeva '[ paravAdAMstathApyeSa dahatyagniryathandhanam // ' 1 Tib. stobs chun ba; HPS abalavan. * Tib. chos dan mthun par. It means 'agreeing with dharma'. . For apatresv api Tib. patresu (snod dag la) which cannot be accepted. 4 Tib. tatha hi (hdi Itar). Tib. bstan par bgyur. Tib. degched du; HPS degdartha upa'. de Itahan hdis ni gz'an emra rnams bsrege te me yis bud sin bz'in 1 - 20

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154 CATUHSATAKA [291 affidiagufElsa' NA: qrare fatada i nanemategatdatto'gniyadyapi dAhAdyartho na bhavati tathApi dahanasvabhAveneSTaM kAryamanuvidadhAna Aaafa zefa | 07 ] 84 291 CSV : yan ji Itar chos hdi dad pa can gyi rgyud la ne bar skye ba na pha rol poai smra ha dag sreg par hgyur z'e na bsad pa = pi gaia qA: 78127: alla sqara: Taletesfa i ga-1 chos hdi gan gis ses gyur pa | de ni gz'an la mi dgah ste des na bdag la chos hdi ni : hjig pahi sgo dan hdra bar snan ||16|| In a V ba for pa, and dkah for dgah in b; both the readings of V are wrong. V dharmo'yam yena vijnato bhavet so'nyasya na priyah vinasadvaravat tena drsto dharmo'yam atmanah ii 16|| V's reconstruction of h is defective. See the commentary quoted below. I would translate the karika as follows: oraifa ya Wa afara agai dharmA'yamAtmanastena nAzahAramivekSyate // 16 // CSV : dam pahi chos kyi de kho na nid mthon bahi bdud rtsi myans pa ni de las gz'an pahi Ita bahi ro la mnog med par byed pahi phyir de las gz'an pahi Ita ba thams cad la de mi dgaho || slob dpon dam pahi chos kyi bdud stsiui ro myang pa Ita bur gyur pa skye bo blo dan Idan pahi yid tshim par byed pahi tshig gsun ba des na bdag la chos hdi ni hjig pahi sgo dan hdra bar snan || slar mi skye bas hjig pa mthon bahi phyir chos hdi ni bdag med pahi chos rtogs pahi rgyud la dam pa ma yin pahi Ita ba rtgod pahi don du ma bstan yan chos hdi ni pha rol pohi smra ba sel bar byed pa kho nahol me fe bar len pa ni btso ba la sogs pahi bya babi don du yin la bud kin beregs pahi don du ma yin mod kyi de Ita na yan sreg par byed pahi ran bz'in yin pas hdod pahi bya ba rjes su syrub cia bud bin yan sreg par byed do

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2921 CHAPTER XII 155 thams cad hjig pahi rgyu yin no snam du slob doon la snan no || hdi ni mi dmigs pahi bdag nid can yin pani phyir hgah z'ig yan hjig paui rgyu ma yin pas hjig pahi sgo dan hdra bar z'es bsad dol yan na bstan pahi chos la dgons nas hjig pahi sgo dan hdra bar zes' bsad do i mya nan las hdas pa ni gtan du bahi hjig pa yin la der rjes su hjug pahi sgo ni rnam par thar pahi sgo ston pa nid rtogs pahi bdag nid can yin labstan pahi chos kyan slob doon la de dan hdra bar snan ste ji Itar hphags pahi chos kyi ran bz'in thugs su chud od pa dan Idan pa Ita ba gz'an maon par mi hdod pa de bz'in du lun gi chos rtogs pa yan gz'an la mi dgah snam du dgons so|| =saddharmatattvadarzanAmRtarasAsvAdanena hi darzanAntararasasyAsantoSakaratvAnna sa tadanyeSu sarveSa darzaneSu priiyte| AcArya prAstAditasatamAmRtarasasyeva budhimato janasya mana:santoSakaraM vacanamAha ___ dharmo'yamAtmanastena nAzadvAramivekSyate // punaranutpAdena vinAzadarzanAimA~'yaM nairAtmAdharmAvagantasamtAne sarvAsaddarzanavinAzaheturityAcAryasya dRshyte| ayamanupalambhAtmaka iti na kasyacidapi vinAzaheturiti naashhaarmivetyucyte| atha vopdissttdhrmaabhipraayaavaashhaarmivetyucyte| .nivANaM hyAtyantiko vinaashH| tadanusAri hAraM vimokSahAraM zUnyatAvagamAtmakam / upadiSTo'pi dharma prAcAryasya tAdRzo dRshyte| yathArya dharmakhabhAvAvagamena jJAnAcchrahAvato darzanAntare nAbhirUcirevamAgamadhIvamame nAnyatra protirityabhiprAyaH // 16 // 292. CSV: ci ste hplags pa rnams la yan cihi phyir hdi skrag pahi rgyur mi hgyur z'e na || bdag la chags pa log pahi phyir ro il gan la bdag la chags pa yod pa de ni de dan rjes su mthun pahi dros pohi Ita ba hdod kyi de dan mi mthun pahit bdag med par lta ba ni ma yin no || = athAANAmapi kimeSa utcAsaheturna bhavatIti cet / paatmnehnivRtteH| yasthAtmasnehastasya tadanukUlA vastudRSTiriSTA na tadananukUlA nairAtmAdRSTiH / 1x pas.

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[292 Sot 156 CATUHSATAKA de nid du bdag med snam du de Itar gan la dgons gnas pa de ni yod pas ga la dgah | med pas hjigs par ga la hgyur" || 17 || In c V and Vx of CS gan for ga; the former is, however, supported by CSV in the course of explanation. V wrongly dkah for dgah in the same line. Vanatmacinta tattvena tasmad yasya mata bhavet ! sata kasya bhavet pritir asata ca bhayam katham || 17 || I would suggest the following: tattvato nairAmAmiti yasyaivaM vartate matiH / qe marria: Alfathiaa pat nuA Il poll CSV: de nid du bdag med snam du de Itar gan la dgons gnas pa hphags pa de ni yod pas ga la dgah | med pas hjigs par ga la hgyur || gan z'ig la phyi dan nan gi dnos pohi ran gi no boyons su mi rtog pahi phyir z'es bya bahi dnos po hgah yan ran bz'in gyis yod pa ma yin no smra bar dgons pa rnam par gnas pa de ni gan med par mthon ba las de bdag med pa las hjigs par hgyur ba yod par Ita ba yod pas yons su tshim par ga la hgyur || de nid kyi phyir de dag gi rjes su chags pa dan khon khro ba dan bral baho z'es bya ste | yod par Ita ba la rjes su chags pa med pahi phyir la bdag med par Ita ba la yan khon khro ba med pahi phyir ro | dehi phyir gnis la mi spyod cin rtshod pa med pa hdi ni mya nan las hdas pahi gron khyer du bde blag tu hgro ste | dehi phyir mya nan las hdas pa dam pahi gnas yun pahi phyir na bdag med pa de desi thjigs paui rgyu ma yin no || tattvato nairAmAmiti yasyaivaM vartate mtiH| pAryasya tasya bhAvAtkutaH prItirabhAvana kuto bhayam // yasya bAhyasyAntarasya ca bhAvasya svarUpAparikalpanayA na kavinAvaH

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294] CHAPTER XII 157 khabhAvanAstItyabhiprAyo vartate kutra tasyAbhAvadarzanena tasmAtrairAtmA[darzanA]da bhayaM chato [vA] bhaavdrshnaatprisntossH| tasmAdeva tayoranurAgasya pratighasya cAbhAva iti| bhAvadarzane'nurAgAbhAvAtrairAtmAdarzane'pi prtighaabhaavaat| tasmAdubhayamanAcaran nirvivAdo'yaM nivANanagarI sukhena gcchti| tasmAn nivANaM paramaM sthAnamiti tantrairAtmA na tasya bhayahetubhavati // 17 // 293. CSV: dnos por Ita ba la mnon par z'en pahi mu stegs can mya nan las hdas pa la gyan sar hdu ses pa rnams ni mya nan las hdas pa las hjig rten gcod par byed cin skye bo sdug bsnal mthah yas pahi rgyu dnos por lta ba la sbyor ba na hgro ba rnams kyi sdug bsnal inu mthah med pasi sa bon du gyur pa yin no || desi phyir | = bhAvadarzanAbhiniviSTAstaurthikA nirvANa prapAtasaMjino nirvANAlokasyocchedaM kurvanto'nantaduHkhahetubhAvadarzanayogagatAnAM janAnAmaparyantaduHkhabIjabhUtA bhvnti| tsmaat-| don min sa bon gyur pa yi | mu stegs can man mthon nas ni chos hdod pa vi skye bo la su z'ig snin brtse skye mi hgyur || 18 || In b Vx of CSV mdo for man. In d Vx of CSV mi brtse bar for brtse skye mi. Vanarthabijabhutams tams tan drstva tirthikan bahun dharmakame jane kasya kipa nama na jayate || 18 || There is nothing in the Tib. text for V's tams tan in a and b. I may suggest the following: bojabhUtAnanathasya vilokya tothikAn bahan / dharmakAme jane kasya karuNA naiva jAyate // 18 // 294 CSV: yan cihi phyir sems can rnams dge bahi bar bsams pa can yin yan phal cher mu stegs can rnams kyi lugs dan rjes su hbrel gyi bde bar gsegs pa poui dan ma yin z'e na de ni phra bahi phyir ro lloji Itar bde bar gsegs pa po rnams kyi chos hdi phra ba

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158 CATUHSATAKA 5294 nid dan | de las gz'an pa rnams kyi rigs pa nid [ma] yin pa de Itar bstan pahi phyir bsad pa = kasmAtpunaH sattvAH kuzalAntarAzayA api bhUyasA tothikAnAM matamanubannanti na tu saugatAnAmiti / tasya suukssmtvaat| yathA ca saugatAtAmayaM dharsaH sUkSma eva tadanyeSAJcAyukta eva tathA prtipaadvvaah-| sa kya gos med bram z'e stel gsum rnams kyi yan chos yid dan | mig dan ra ba yis hdzin pa ! deui phyir thub pahi gz'un lugs phra || 19 || In b Vx of CSV pa mnams kyihan for rnams kyi yan. In d V and Vx of CS de for deni, and sinra for phra supported by both the commentary and the Chinese version. V sakyena cetasa dharmo nagnakena tu caksusa srutya glhito viprena muniproktas tatah sivah || 19 | So far as the first three lines, a, b, and c, are concerned V's Skt. is good. But I wish he had kept the order of the words in the Tib. text. With regard to the last line, d, his rendering can hardly be defended. Apparently he has confounded gz'un in the text with gsun when he writes for the former prokta (in muni-prokta). The word gz'un with lugs makes a phrase gz'urilugs meaning samaya 'comprehension', 'doctrine'. And, again, in writing siva undoubtedly for lugs he seems to have confounded the latter with legs 'good'. Besides, he has taken the wrong reading smra for phra 'suksma'. . I may give the following: zAkyaracelakai viprestribhithittena cakSuSA / karNena gAte dharmaH sUkSma statmamayo muneH // 17 // CSV : bram ze rnams ni hdon pa soin por byed paste de rnams kyi de ni rna bahi yul lo ll gcer bu pa dag ni gtsan sprar! spyod pa dan bral bahi phyir lus dri na bahi hdam hphel bz'in pas gos sin khru ras dan bral ba gran ba dan rlun dan ni ma dan skra hbal ba la sogs pahi sdug bsnal gyi gz'ir gyur pa rnams te de 1 Sbrar? X indistinct.

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296] CHAPTER XII 159 rnams kyi lugs de ni mthon bas go bar bya ba yin te | dehi phyir de rams kyi chos ni mig gis rnam par ses par bya ba yin no ll da kya dios po thams cad ran bzin med par Ita bahi mi mas sems kyi rgyud snan bar byas sin dam pa ma yin pahi Ita ba ma lus pas hjigs sin tshan tshin du gyur pahi ma rig pahi mun pa bcom pa | hdus byas rmi lam dan mig hphrul dan sgyu mahi na chun [ma] dan gzugs brnan dan sprul pa dan mtshuns par mthon ba non mons pahi dri ma ma lus pa bsal bas sems kyi rgyud dri ma med par gyur pa mnams ni de Itar mnam par bz'aga pa dag kho nas nes par bya ba yin te deui phyir de dag gi dge bahi bsam pa ni yid kyi rnam par ses pas go bar bya ba yin pas thub pahi gz'un lugs phra ba yin no ll desi phyir ma nes pas bsod nams hdod kyan skye bo bde bar gsegs pa pohi chos la mi hjug go !! . . =viprA hi pAThaM sAraM kurvnti| sa teSAM krnnvissyH| acelakA hi zaucAcArarahitatvAha ImAnadehadurgandhapazAce lasnAnazATikArahitA himavAtasUrya kezalucanAdiduHkhAdhArabhUtAH / teSAM sa AcAro darzanenAvagantavyaH / tasmAtteSAM dharmacakSuSA vijnyeyH| zAkyAstu srvbhaavniHsvbhaavtvdrshnsuuyojnyaasitcittstaanaaH samastAsaddarzanabhotA unmUlitagahanAvidyA timirAH saMskRtaM svapnendrajAlamAyAyuvati pratibimba nirmANasamaM pazyanto nikhilala zamalApokaraNena nirmalabhUtacittasantAnAH samAhitAzcaiva ninnetvyaaH| tasmAtteSAM kuzalabhAvanA manovijJAnenAvagantavyeti muneH samayaH suukssmH| tasmAdanizcayena puNyakAmo'pi 'jano na saugate dharme pravartate // 18 // 295 CSV: hdir smras pa | gal te blo rags pahi phyir hjig rten phyi rol pa la bsten nathjug na ho na hdir yan de Itar rjes su sgrub par gyis sig / phyi rol pahi bya ba rjes su mi hgrub ste hdi ltar | = prvaah| yadi sthU labudhitvAloko bAyopAsane pravartate athehaapyevmnuvidhiiytaam| na bAhya kaarymnuvidhiiyte| tathA hi-| ji ltar bram ze rnams la chos | . phal cher phyi hchos brjod pa Itar ix gi. .xguag. See MV, pp. 45, 46, 463 ; BO, IX. 31. x nas.

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160 CATUHSATAKA [296 de bz'in gcer bu rnams la chos phal cher blun pa brjod pa yin || 2011 V brahmananam yatha dharmah kriyaprayah prakirtitah | nirgranthanam tatha dharmo jadaprayah prakirtih || 20 !) I do not think Tib. phyi hchos in b can be translated by kriyaas V has done. The karika may be translated thus : brAhmaNAnAM yathA dharmaH prAyeNa bAhya ucyate / nagnakAnAM tathA dharmaH prAyeNa jar3a ucyate // 20 // OSV : bram ze rnams ni bzlas brjod dan sbyin bsreg dan bkra sis dan hgyod tshans la sogs pani bya ba dag gis: gz'an dag las rned pa dan bkur sti la sogs pa hdod pas phyi hchos par "dod do || de dag gi chos ni phal cher phyir hchos pa zig ste | phyir hchos gtso bo yin no | z'es bya bahi don to chos hdi ni thar pa hdod pa rnams la hgag pal yin te hkhor bahi rjes su mthun pani phyir la lloji ltar thar pahi bar du gcod par byed paui phyir bram ze rnams kyi chos phyi hchos phal che ba thar pa hdod pa rnams kyis spyod par bya ba ma yin pa de bz'in du gcer bu rnams kyi chos sems blun pa nid du byed paui rgyu yan blun pa phal che bahi phyir spyod par bya ba ma yin pas de Itar ne bar bstan pa rjes su mi sgrub bo | =brAhmaNA mantrajapadAnahomamaGgalaprAyazcittAdibhiH kAryairanyebhyo lAbhasatkArAdIcchayA baahymicchnti| teSAM dharmaH prAyeNa baahyH| bAhyapradhAna ityarthaH / ayaM dharmoM mokSakAmANAM nissiddhH| sNsaaraanukuultvaat| yathA mokSaparyantocchedakatvena brAhmaNAnAM prAyeNa bAhyo dharmoM mokSakAmai caritavyastathA nagnakAnAmapi dharmacittajAdhakaraNahetuDaprAya iti naacritvyH| ata evamupadezo nAnuvidhIyate // 20 // 296 CSV: gan gi phyir bram ze hdi rnams kyi chos phyi thchos phal che ba de nid kyi phyir hjig rten phal cher = yasmAdeSAM brAhmaNAnAM dharmo bAdyaprAyastasmAlokasya prAyeNa -- / 1x bgab ba.

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297] CHAPTER XII 161 ji ltar rig pa blans pa las 1 bram ze gus pa skye ba ltar de bz'in non mons blans pa las gcer bu pa la brtse bar hgyur || 22 | In a Vx of CSV rigs for rig. V yathaiva vedagrahane bhaktir viprasya jayate 1 nirgranthasya tatha klesagrahane jayate matih || 23 || V takes rigs pa in a to mean 'Veda', but in Tib. the actual word for it is rig byed. In the Tib. text there is nothing for his mati in d. In accordance with the Vstti quoted below and the Chinese version one may suggest the following restoration : vidyAgrahaNataH adA vipreSu jAyate ythaa| kapA klezagrahaNato nagneSu jAyate tathA // 21 // CSV: ji ltar hlon par byed pa tsam gyis sems rans par gyur paai hjig rten ni rig? pa blans pa las bram ze mnams la gus pa skye ba de bz'in du non mons pa blars pa las mgo skyes hbal ba la sogs pa lus yons su dub pa las gos med pa rnams la brtse ba skyeho || - - yathA pAThakriyAmAtreNolasitacittasya lokasya vidyAgrahaNAdAmaNeSu zrahA jAyate tathA lazagrahaNAkezaluJcanAdidehaparikhedAdacelakeSu kapA Arya upu 297 CSV : hdi rnams kyi lus yons sunon mons pahi sdug bsral nams su myon ba ni chos kyi ched du hgyur ba hdi ni mi srid de nes pa spyod pasi Ibras bu yin pahi phyir ro !! z'es bstan pahi phyir ro || =eSAM zarIraparita zaduHkhAnubhavo dharmanimittaM bhavatIti / nedaM sambhavati / duzcaritaphalAditi pratipAdanAt / sdug bsnal las kyi mnam smin, phyir | ji ltar chos su mi hgyur ba | de bz'in skye ba las kyi ni mnam smin yin phyir chos ma yin || 22 ||| 1 X rigs. > X te mgo. mgo skyes-murdhaja, siroruha, kesa. 21

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162 CATUHSATAKA [298 In d Vx of CSV rnams for mam; and omits yin adding na after phyir. V klesakarma vipakena yatha dharmo na jayate janmakarmavipakena tatha dharmo na jayate || 22 || I think a slight modification, such as follows, is here necessary. zaH karmavipAkeNa yathA dharmo na jAyate / janma karmavipAkeNa tathA dharmo na jAyate // 22 // CSV: sdug bsnal las kyi rnam smin phyir | ji Itar chos su mi hgyur bal z'es bya ba smos so ll ji ltar sgren mos rgyu ba rnams, kyi hdi pahi sdug bsnal gyi nams su myon ba yan dmyal bahi sdug bsnal gyi nams su myon ba bz'in chos kyi ched du mi hgyur ba Itar bram ze mnams kyi yan | de bz'in skye ba las kyi ni mam smin phyir na chos ma yin | = : HAfquia JAT VAT a ora 1 ityaah| yathA nagnacAriNamiha duHkhAnubhavo narakaduHkhAnubhavavadharmanimittaM na Hafa al TATATU janma karmavipAkeNa tathA dharmo na jAyate // 22 // 298 CSV: gal te las kyi rnam par smin pa yin pahi phyir mig la sogs pa tar sdug bsnal dan skye ba chos su mi hgyur na ho na chos gan z'ig yin z'e na bsad par bya ste -yadi karmavipAkAccakSurAdivahuHkhaM janma ca na dharmastahi ko dharma iti| sud-1 chos ni mdor nu mi htshe bar de bz'in gsegs pa rnams kyis gsurs | ston nid mya nan hdas par te hdir ni de gais hbah z'ig go || 23 || In a V wrongly htsi for htshe. In c V and Vx of CS ste for te. In d V na for ni.

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298] CHAPTER XII 163 ___ * dharma samAsato'hiMsAM varNayanti tathAgatAH / zUnyatAmeva nirvANaM kevalaM tadihobhayam // 23 // The Skt. original is quoted in MV, p. 352. CSV: chos ni mdor na mi htshe bar de bz'in gsegs pa rnams kyis gsuns htshe ba ni gz'an la gnod par z'ugs pasi phyir sems can la gnod pahi bsam pa dan | des kun nas bslan bahi lus dan nag gi las yin la || mi htshe ba ni de las bzlog pahi sgo nas dge ba bcuhi las lam mo l gan yan cun zad gz'an la phan hdogs pa de thams cad kyan mi htshe bahi khons su hdu ba yin no || de bz'in gsegs pa rnams kyis chos ni mdor bsdu na mi htshe ba de nid yin no Z'es bstan to ston nid mya nan hdas par te ! hdir ni de gnis hbah zig go || raa bz'in ston pa nid du gan bsad pa de nid sans rgyas bcom dan hdas rnams kyist mya ian las hdas par gsuis so ||deg mi htshe ba dan ston pa nid ces pahi chos de gnis ni mtho ris dan byau grol thob par byed pa ste | dehi phyir hdir ni de gais hbah z'ig go || thbah z'ig ces bya ba ni yons su dag pa stel de bz'in gsegs pasi bstan pa hdi kho nar hdi gnis chos yons su dag par dmigs kyi gz'an du ni ma yin no | Z'es ran dan gz'an gyi bdag nid la mtho ris dan byan grol gyi bde ba yan dag par bskyed par hdod pas rtog par byaholl =dharma samAsato'hiMsA varNayanti tthaagtaaH| hiMsA parApakArApanatvAtsattvasyApakAracintA tatsamutkSipta kAyakarma vAkarma ca / pahiMsA tahiparotamukhena daza kushlkmpthaaH| yadISadapi paropakAraka ttsrvmpyhiNsaantHsNgrhiitm| tathAgatA hi dharma samAsataH saMkSepataH saivAhiseti prtipaadynti| zUnyatAmeva nirvANaM kevalaM tdihobhym| yA svabhAvazUnyatocyate tadeva buddhA bhagavanto nirvANaM vrnnynti| ahiMsA zUnyatA ceti tadharmayaM sthgvimuktipraapkm| tasmAt 1 X kyi.

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164 CATUHSATAKA [299 kevalaM tdihobhym| kevala miti prishuddhm| tathAgatapratipAdite'sminneva dharmahayamidaM parizudhamupalabhyate nAnyatreti svaparAmanoH svargasya vimuktoca mukhaM samyagutpAdayitukAmana pratyetavyam // 25 // 299. CSV: yan ciui phyir phyi rol pa hdi dag bde bar gsegs pasi bstan pa hdi mthon bz'in du yan chos gois po hdi la mi gus se na ran gi phyogs la chags pahi phyir ro|| hdi ltar | = kasmAtpunareSAM vAhyAnAM sugatazAsanamidaM pazyatAmapi dharmahaye'smivAdara iti| svpkssraagaat| tathA hi-| ran phyogs hjig rten thams cad la . skyes sa bz'in du sdug hgyur na desi ldog par byed paui rgyu | khyod la gan gis sdug par hgyur || 24 || In 6 Vx of CSV pa for sa. In d V and Vx of CS bsnal for var, V svapaksah sarvalokasya priyah syaj janmabhumivat | nivsttihetus te tasya yena duhkhaya jayate || 24 || I may suggest the following: svapakSaH sarvalokasya janmabhUmiriva priyaH / tavittikaro heturbhavetkena tava priyaH // 24 // CSV: ran gi phyogs la chags pa ni hkhor ba thog ma med pa nas goms pa z'ig steran gi skye bahi gnas.Itar hjig rten gyi de yons su btan bar mi nus te dehi phyir ran gi Ita ba la mnon par z'en pas byis pa rnams de bz'in gaegs paui chos hdi la mi hjug go|| mkhas pas ran skye bahi sa yin yan rgud paui rgyur gyur pa la re ba spans nas hbyor ba byan bahi yul la brten par rigs lall hdi ji ltar yin pa de latr ran gi phyogs la chags pa spans nas gz'an gyi phyogs yin yan yon tan dan Idan pa la yid gz'ug par bya ho|| ____ = svpkssraago'naadisNsaaraadbhystH| sa ca vajanmasthAmavalokana parityaktu na shkyte| tasmAtsaderzanAbhinivazena bAlAstathAgatadharme'smina prvrtnte| paNDitAstu khajanmabhUmerapi vyasanahetubhUtAyA mAzAM prahAya

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300] CHAPTER XII 165 vizudavabhavaM deshmaashryitumrhnti| yathedaM tathA svapakSarAgaM prahAya pakSAntare'pi guNavati manaH pravartayitavyam // 24 // 300 CSV: deui phyir de Itar phyogs su lhun ba med par gyur pas 1 =meqalquifaar-1 rigs pahi don ni gz'an las kyan | blo Idan legs pa hdod pas blan | ui mas sten mig dan pa la | kun gyi spyi thun ma yin nam || 25 || rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las lta ba dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste rab tu byed pa bcu gnis paholl In 6 V pas for pe; Vx of CSV blans for blan. In c Vx of CS ma sa for mas ; Vx of CSV adds sa after mas omitting pa and reads stens for sten. V parasmas api yuktartham dhiman abhisamipsate arkbimbam hi samanyam sarvasyaksimato na kim | 25 || In this restoration Tib. legs in band sten in care left out untranslated, and -bimba in c is added though there is nothing of it in the Tib. text. Here arkabimba may have been taken by V from the Chinese version which reads for it jih lun 'sun's disc.' He should have written -ipsali for -ipsate. The following translation may be suggested : - grAhyo'nyato'pi yukto'rthaH zreyaskAmena dhiimtaa| / java marko netravatAM sarvasAdhAraNo nanu' // 26 // // yogAcAre catuHzatake dRSTivipratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanaM hAdarza GATTAPI CSV: blo gros dan ldan pa bdag nid kyi yin pa Ita bur sems pas gan la lar legs par bsad pa dmigs pa de de las blan bar byaho|| chos hdi thgah z'ig du phrag dog gis gnas pa ni ma yin te | thams cad du no bo mtshuas pahi phyir roll dper na thams cad la rjes su chags pa dan khon khro ba dan bral bahi phyir ni ma snan bahi bya ba la mig dan ldan pa thams cad la thun mon ba; yin pa de - For nanu for ma yin nam (=min nam) see 193, 195, 199 (=VIII. 18, 20, 24). . Read ni (1). s X mons pa.

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166 CATUHSATAKA [300 bz'in du chos hdi yan gal te bsgrubs pas rdzogs par hgyur naran gi ste pa dan gz'an gyi sde pa thams cad la phan hdogs pa yin no|| dehi phyir de ltar rig par byas nas gus pu dan ldan pas chos hdi bdag tu bya bar rigs so|| __=buddhimAn yAtmIyamiva cetasA yatra kApi subhASitamupalabheta tat tsmaadaaddyaat| na kApoha dharme mAtsaya vrtte| sarvatra samarUpatvAt / yathA sarvatrAnurAgapratidhavirahitatvAdanIyaH sUryaH sarveSAM cakSuSmatA sAdhAraNastathAyamapi dharmoM yadi siyA samApyate svavargasya paravargasya ca sarvasyaivopakArakaH / tasmAdevaM viditvA zraddhAvatAyaM dharma prAtmIyaH kartuM yuktaH // 25 //

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CHAPTER XIII DBAN PO DAN DON DGAG PA BSGOM PA BSTAN PA indriyArtha pratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam CSV : hdir rigs pahi don ni gz'an las kyan | blo ldan legs par hdod pas blan | z'es gan smras na gan z'ig blo dan ldan pas blan bar bya ba rigs pahi don de yan gan z'ig yin z'es hdzer to | bsad par bya ba ste phyi nan gi dnos po thams cad ran bz'in gyis bdag med par mthon baho gal te dnos po thams cad ran bz'in med pa z'es bya ba hdi nid rtogs par mi nus te yod pa ma yin pahi bon buhi rwa la sogs pa la ni mnon sum nid yod pa ma yin no |bum pa la sogs pa mnams dan snon po la sogs pa rnams ni maon sum yod pa nid yin no || deni phyir bum pa la sogs pasi dnos po thams cad ran bz'in dan bcas par yod pa kho na ho z'e na | hdi ni mi rigs te | hdi ltar | grAhyo'nyato'pi yukto'rthaH zreyaskAmena dhiimtaa| iti (XII. 25) yaduktaM tatra yo dhImatA grAhyo yukto'rthaH sa puna: ka iti kathyatAm / ucyate / bAhyAdhyAtmikAH sarve bhAvAH svabhAvena nirAtmakA dRshynte| yadi sarveSAM bhAvAnAM svabhAvenAbhAva iti| nedaM pratyetuM zakyate / nAstyasatAM kharaviSANAdInAM pratyakSavaM ghaTAdInAM naulAdInAJca pratyakSatvamasye veti / tasmAiTAdayaH sarve bhAvAH sakhabhAvA eveti| netdyujyte| tathA hi-| gzugs mthon tshe na bum pa ni thams cad kho na mthon mi hgyur | bum pa mnon sum z'es bya bahan de nid rig pa su z'ig smra || 1 || In a CSV che for tshe. MV bya han for bya bahan in c and rigs for rig in d. * sarva eva ghaTo'dRSTo rUpe dRSTe hi jAyate / brUyAskastattvavitrAma ghaTaH pratyakSa ityapi // 1 //

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168 CATUHSATAKA [802 This karika is cited in MV, p. 71. CSV : an gi sgras ni desi ne bar len pa snon po la sogs pa dag kyan mnon sum yin no , z'es de kho na nid ses pa su z'ig smra bar hgyur | o bum pa rdzas brgyad kyi bdag nid can yin pahi phyir ro || mig gis ni gzugs gcig pu mthon gi | dri la sogs pa dag ni ma yin te yul tha dad pahi phyir ro || desi phyir bum pa thams cad mig gis mi mthon bahi phyirdeg || = api zabdena tadupAdAnanIlAdirapi pratyakSa iti kastattvajJo brUyAt / ' ghaTasya dravyASTakatvAt / cakSuSA hyekaM rUpaM dRzyate na gndhaadi| viSayabhedAt / tasmAnna sarvo ghaTacakSuSA dRSTa iti deg // 1 302 CSV : ji ltar ji skad bsad pahi tshul gyis' bum pa la sogs pa rnams mron sum nid yin par mi rigs pa de ltar de las gz'an pahi dban pos yons su bcad par bya ba brten nas gdags pa bsnams par bya ba dan myan bar bya ba dan reg par bya ba rnams mnon sum nid yin pa bsal bahi phyir bsad pa ! __ =yathA yathotona nyAyena ghaTAdInAM pratyakSatvaM na yujyate evamindriyAntaraNa paricchedyAnAM pratItya prajJApayitavyAnAM (?) ghAtavyAnAM khAdayitavyAnAM spaSTavyAnAM ca pratyakSatvaM niraakrtmaah-| rnam par dpyad pa hdi nid kyis | blo mchog Idan pas dri z'im dan | manar dan hjam pa thams cad dag | so sor dgag par bya ba yin || 2 || In a V wrongly dbyad for dpyad. * etenaiva vicAraNa sugandhi madhuraM mRdu| pratiSedhayitavyAni sarvANyuttamabuddhinA // 2 // CSV : dri z'im z'es bya ba hdis ni snas yons su bcad par bya ba sna mahi me tog dan pa dma dan ut pal dan tsan dan la sogs pa snahi dban pohi yul mthah dag ne bar mtshon par byed do gz'ugs la sogs pa mthon ba med par mun khun du yod dri tsam hdzin paui phyir ro || de bz'in du mnar dan z'es bya ba hdis kyan 1 Dravyasta kam=catvari mahabhuteni, catvari ca upadaya-rupani (hbyun chen po bz'i dan ggyur byas pahi gz'ugs bz'i ste | CSV). 2 X gyi.

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303] CHAPTER XIII 169 bu ram dan lan tshw dan nim pa la sogs palcehi dban pohi yul thams cad ne bar mtshon par byed do || hjam pa z'es bya ba hdis ni sin bal dan bye ma dan rdo ba la sogs pa lus kyi dban poai yul thams cad ne bar mtshon par byed do || de dag kyan rdzas brgyad kyi ne bar len pa can yin pas bdag nid ji lta bahi dban po dag gis yul re re hdzin pa yin dan rnam pa thams? cad mi hdzin pa hi phyir sna mahi me tog dan bu ram dan sin bal la sogs pa dag bdag gi mion sum yin no | z'es de kho na nid ses' pa su z'ig smra || sgra dgag pa ni phyis rgyas par hchad do | = sugandhItIdaM nAsikAparicchedyaM jAtikusumapadmotpalacandanAdiM nikhilaM nAsikendriya vissymuplkssyti| rUpAdidarzanaM vinA kaaraagaargtgndhmaangrhnnaat| evaM madhuramitIdaM zarkarAlavaNanimbAdiM sarva rsnendriyvissymupskssyti| mRhitIdaM dAru(?)kambalasikatApASANAdiM sarva kAyendriyaviSayamupalakSayati / te'pi dravyASTakopAdAnA iti yathAkhamindriyairekaikaviSayatayA grAhyante na sarvathati jAtikusamarzakarAdAru(?)kambalAdInyAtmanaH pratyakSANoti kastattvajJo brUyAt / zabdapratiSedhaH pazcAd (XIII. 18-20) vistarazo vyAkhyAsyate // 2 // 303 / CSV: ci ste bum pa gzugs las tha dad pa med mod kyi gzugs kyis de khyab par byas nas ni gnas pas gz'ugs mthon bas bum pa thams cad mthon bar hgyur ro z'e na hdi yan snin po med do z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ___ = atha yadi ghaTo rUpAdabhitro rUpaM taM vyApya vartata iti rUpadarzanena sarvo ghaTo dRzyeteti cet / idamapyasAramiti prtipaadybaah-| gal te gzugs mthon ba yis de thams cad mthoi bar hgyur na ni ma mthon ba yi gzugs mthon ba mthon ba min par cis mi hgyur || 3 || V rupe drste yatah sarvam etad dnstam bhavisyati __rupe'drste kuto drstam adrstam najva jayate || 3 || V's yatah sarvam etad in a-b cannot be supported. I may offer the following: 22

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170 CATUHSATAKA [804 yadi dRSTena rUpeNa dRSTaH sarvaH sa jaayte| dRSTamadRSTarUpeNa kimadRSTaM na jAyate // 3 // CSV: gal te gzugs tsam z'ig mthon bas ma mthon yan bum ga thams cad kho na mthon bar hgyur na ni bum pa ma mthon bas mthon ba gzugs mthon ba ma yin par ciui phyir mi hgyur ! yan na hdi ni don gz'an yin te | bum pa rdzas brgyad kyi ne bar len pa can yin yan gal te rdzas gcig gzugs mthon bas ril mthon bar rtogi na ni re z'ig de dag dan so sor mi gnas pahi gzugs de nid de las gz'an rdzas bdun ma mthon bas na ma mthon ba yin no zes cihi phyir mi rtog ||deg desi phyir gzugs nid maon sum ma yin paui phyir bum pa yan mion sum nid du mi rigs so || ____yadi dRSTena rUpamAtreNAdRSTo'pi sarva eva ghaTo dRzyetAdRSTena ghaTena dRSTaM rUpa kimadRSTaM na jaayte| atha vedmrthaantrm| ghaTo dravyASTakopAdAnako'pi yadyekana dravyeNa rUpeNa dRSTena kRtso dRSTaH kalpAte taistAvadapRthagavasthitaM tadeva rUpa tadanyenAdRSTena dravyasaptakenAdRSTamiti kiM na klpaate| tasmAdUpameva na pratyakSamiti ghaTasyApi pratyakSatvaM na yuktam // 3 // 304 CSV: ci ste ji skad bsad paui rnam par dpyad pas bum pa la mnon sum nid mi srid mod bum pahi gzugs ni re z'ig maon sum yin te | dehi phyir rgyud nas bum pa yan maon sum nid du hgyur ro snam du sems na hdi ni yod pa ma yin no | gzugs la mnon sum nid yod na ni hdi de skad du brjod par hgyur ba z'ig na gzugs la mnon sum nid srid pa ni ma yin no z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa| -atha manyate yadi yathoktona vicAraNa ghaTasya pratyakSatvaM na sambhavati ghaTarUpaM tu taavtprtykssN| tasmAtparamparayA ghaTo'pi pratyakSa eva jAyata iti / nedaM bhvti| rUpasya pratyakSatve tttthocyet| na tu rUpasya pratyakSatvaM sambhavatIti prtipaadyvaah-| gzugs ni hbah zig kho na la | mnon sum nid ni srid ma yin . dangs. xrtogs. * X adds de again.

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305] CHAPTER XIII 171 - gan phyir de la pha rol gyi | cha dan tshu rol dbus yod phyir || 4 || In a V hgah for hbah. In c Vx of CSV lahan for la. V rupasya kevalasyaiva pratyaksatvam na jayate | kutas tasya bahirbhagah kuto madhyam kuto'ntaram || 4 | The second half is objectionable. The following may be suggested : rUpasyaiva kevalasya pratyakSatvaM na vidyte| aMzaH paravAparaca madhyamazvAsti tasya yat // 4 // CSV: dri la sogs pa dan hbrel ba brjod par mi hdod pahi gzugs hbah z'ig la yan rna bari du. tshu rol dan dkyil dan pha rol gyi cha rnams mthon baai phyir mnon sum nid mi rigs so || tshu rol dan pha rol dan dbus kyi cha de dag la yan slar tshu rol dan pha rol dan dbus kyi cha gz'an dag yin la de dag la yar gz'an yin z'in de dag la yan gz'an yin no || z'es de Itar rna bar@phyi gzugsa te rdul phra-rab kyi mthar thug nas gnas so = anopsitagandhAdisasbandhAbhidhAnasya kevalasya rUpasyApi karNa parAparamadhyAMzAnAM darzanAtpratyakSa tvaM na yujyte| teSAmapi parAparamadhyAMzAnAM punaranye praaprmdhyaaNshaaH| teSAmapyanye teSAmapyanya ityevaM karNe pazcAdUrupamA UTATEMIER 11 8 ! 305 CSV: brtags: bz'in pahi | =F@TATARI rdul la cha sas yod med ces ! dpyad pa der yan thjug par hgyur dehi phyir bsgrub par bya ba yis / bsgrub bya hgrub par mi hthad do || 5 || "In 6 V wrongly dbyad as in 302" for dpyad. (In the vocabulary, p. 173, he writes the same word as dbyan). In c V and Vx of CS de for dehi, and V wrongly bsgrug for bsgrub. V anor amso'sti nastiti vicaras tatra vartate tasmat sadhyena sadhyasya sidddir naivopapadyate | 5 || 1 X is not here clear. . 2.2 X indistinct. ' X brtogs.

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172 CATUHSATAKA [305 Here in b the Tib. word yan which is an important one is left out untranslated. I should, therefore, like to modify the restoration slightly as below : aNoraMzo'sti nAstIti vicAro'trApi vartate / tasmAtsAdhyena sAdhyasya siddina~vopapadyate // 5 // CSV: rdul de la yan mdun dan rgyab kyi phyogs kyi chahi dbye ba dan | tshu rol dan dbus dan pha rol gyi chahi dbye ba las cha sasyod med ces dpyad pa der yan thjug par hgyur | gal te de la mdun dan rgyab kyi chahi dbye ba dag yod na ni desi tshe bum pa ltar deui rdul phra rab nid nams par hgyur ro || ci ste med na de Itar na yan gsal byed med cio ma bzun bahi no bo can de la yod pa nid med do || deni phyir de mon sum nid srid par ga la hgyur || desi phyir bsgrub par bya ba yis , bsgrub bya hgrub par mi hthad do il desi phyir de ltar na mnon sum nid ma grub par mi hthad do ! dehi phyir de ltar na mnon sum nid ma grub cid bsgrub thar bya bar gyur pas bsgrub par bya ba ste dnos po rnams ran bz'in dan bcas pa jid du gz'an gyi khas blans grub pa | mi hthad do || = aNorapi tasya purampacAdigaMzabhedAtparAparamadhyAMzabhedAcca aMzo'sti nAstIti vicAro'trApi vartate / yadi tatra puraHpazcAdaMzabhedaH syAttadA ghaTavattasya prmaannutvhaaniH| atha na sthAdevamapyaprakAzasyAgrahItarUpasya tasya nAstya stitvm| ataH kutastasya pratyakSatvasambhavaH / ___ tasmAtsAdhyena sAdhyasya siddhinaivopapadyate // tasmAdevaM pratyakSatvamasiddha noppdyte|| tadevaM pratyakSatvamasiddha sAdhyabhUtamiti saadhym| bhAvAnAM sasvabhAvatvaM tvanyAbhyupagamasihaM nopapadyate // 5 // 1x bes.

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306] CHAPTER XIII 173 306 CSV: gz'an yan dban po gzugs can gyis bzun bar bya bahi don yons su brtags pa na =qari agafer JTITSE aftanfya - 1 kun kyan yan lag tu gyur nas | slar yan yan lag can du hgyur | dehi phyir yi ge brjod pa yan | hdi na yod pa ma yin no || 6 || In a Vx of CSV na for nas. In c V and Vx of CSV de for deni. In d V ni for na. V sarvebhyo'vayavebhyo hi jayate'vayavi punah || uktanam api varnanain satteyam tan na vidyate || 6 || It cannot be accepted. The following may, however, be suggested : sarvo'pyavayavo bhUtvA jAyate'vayavI punaH / tasmAharNasya vacanamapyatra naiva vidyate // 6 // CSV: bum pa ni yan lag gyo mo la bltos nas yan lag can yin la || gyo mo? dag kyan ran gi yan lag la bltos nas yan lag can du hgyur ro || de bz'in du rdul phra rab kyi bar du sbyar bar byaho || de yan rdzas brgyad la bltos nas sam mdun dan rgyab dan dbus kyi cha la bltos nas slar yan yan lag can yin pas hgah la yan ran gi no bos yan lag nid dan yan lag can nid yod pa ma yin te deni phyir bum pa la sogs pa rnams la mnon sum nid med do || ji ltar rdul phra rab la rnam par dpyad pa de bz'in du min mi mthar gnas, pahi yi ge la yan ste rdul phra rab ltar ma grub pasi phyir ro || dehi phyir yi ge brjod pa yan || hdi na yod pa ma yin no II yi ge brjod pa yan mi srid do snam du dgons so l rnam pa gcig tu na bum pa la sogs pa med na dehi brjod par byed pa yi ge yan mi srid de don med' na ses pa dan brjod pa dag hjug pa mi srid pasi phyir 1 X mod

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174 CATUHSATAKA [307 ___yi ge brjod pa yan | . hdi na yod pa ma yin no || = ghaTaH khalvavayavaM kpaalmpekssyaavyvii| kpaalaavgyaatmno'vyvmpcyaavyvinau| evaM paramANuparyantaM yojanIyam / so'pi dravyASTakamapekSya puraH pazcAnmadhyaJcetyaM zAn vApekSya punaravayavoti kutrApi kharUpeNAvayavatvamavayavitvaM vA nAsti / tasmAnna ghaTAdInAM prtyksstvm| yathA paramANorvicArastathAnantanAmagatasya vrnnsyaapi| paramANuvadasiddheH / tasmAiNasya vacanamaNyatra naiva vidyte|| varNasya vacanamapi na sambhavatItya bhipraayH| ekaprakAraNa ghaTAdInAmabhAve teSAM vAcako varNo'pi na smbhvti| arthAbhAve jJAnavAcakayoH prahattyasambhavAd varNasya vacanamapyatra naiva vidyate // 6 // 307 CSV: gan dag gzugs kyi skye mched kha dog dan dbyibs kyi bdag nid rnam pa gnis su mam par bz'ag ste desi sgo nas bum . pa mnon sum nid du rtog par byed pa de dag la brjod par byed pa ste] hdir dbyibs hdi rtog pa nit kha dog las gz'an nid dan | gz'an ma yin pa nid du rtog gran na l de la re z'ig/ =ye tu rUpAyatanaM varNasaMsthAnAtmanA hidhA vyavasthApya taddArA ghaTasya pratyakSavaM kalpayanti tAnprati vktvym| iha saMsthAnamidaM kalyAmAna badanyatve nAnanyatvena vA. klpaate| tatra taavd-| gal te mdog las dbyibs gz'an na ji Ita bur na dbyibs hdzin ugyur | hon te gz'an min na lus kyis | mdog kyan.ci ste mi hdzin hgyur || 7 || In 6 Vx of CS Itar for lta. In d CSV cis te for ci ste; and Vx of CS hdzin mi for mi hdzin. V samsthanam varnato bhinnam tad varnagrahanam katham | athabhinnam sarirena varnasyagrahanam katham || 7 | In 6 V wrongly translates dbyibs hdzin by varnagrahanam, dbyibs 17na.. AK I. 10: rupam dvidha Bhasya: rupam dvidha varnah samsthanam ca (groge rnamgiis dankha dog dan dbyibs co||D. See MVt 101: DSn 617.

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307] CHAPTER XIII 175 hon Theaning samsthana or akrti and not vara as he has done. I may suggest the following: varyAdanyatsaMsthAnaM ce saMsthAna grAhyate katham / ananyadatha kAyena varNo'pi kiM na gRhyate // 7 // gal te mdog las dbyibs gz'an na ! ji Ita bur na dbyibs hdzin hgyur || snon po la sogs pahi kha dog ni mig gi dban poui yul yin na | gal te de las dbyibs [gz'an) par gyur na kha dog las tha dad pahi phyir sgra la sogs pa ltar mig gi gzun byar mi hgyur ba z'ig na ] kha dog ltar mig gis hdzin pa yan yin pas de las gaz'an me yin no l ji Itar snon po dan ser po la sogs pa tha dad pa rnams las ga' yan run ba gcig bzun nas cig sos kyan hdzin pa de Itar kha dog las gz'an pahi gzugsni mi hdzin te hon te gz'an min na lus kyis mdog kyan ci ste mi hdzin hgyur || gal te ji skad bsad pasi skyon span bar hdod pas dbyibs kha dog las gz'an ma yin pa brtags ni ji ltar mun khun du lus kyis rin po la sogs pa hdzin pa de bz'in du de las tha mi dad pahi phyir dbyibs ltar kha dog kyan ci ste mi hdzin te bz'un dgos na hdzin pa yan ma yin no || desi phyir dbyibs hdzin yan ma bzun ba hi phyir kha dog las dbyibs gz'an ma yin pa ma yin no |de nid dan gz'an nid du rtog pa las ma rtogs par rtog pa gz'an biz'ag par nus par ma yin no | dehi phyir kha dog ltar dbyibs kyan mi rigs la || de med pas kyan hgah la yan mnon sum nid yod pa ma yin no z'es bya bar hgrubi bo || varNAdanyatsaMsthAnaM cetsaMsthAnaM padyate kthm| nIlAdivarNo hi ckssurindriyvissyH| yadi tasmAtsaMsthAnama[anya]bhUtaM varNAninvamiti zabdAdivatra cakSurgrAhyaM bhavet / grAhyate tu varNavaccakSaSati na tasmAdanyat / yathA bhinneSu naulapItAdiSvanyataragRhItvetarayate tathA varNAdanyadra na raahte| ananyadatha kAyena varNo'pi kiM na pyate // 1 Read dbyibg 's amsthana' or take gzugs in the sense of abgibs. See note 2. * In the sense of akrti, samsthana. See note 1.

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176 CATUHSATAKA [308 yadi yathoktadoSajihAsayA saMsthAnaM vrnnaadnnytklpitm| tathA sati yathA kArAgAra kAyena dIrdhAdi rayate tathA tadabhedAtsaMsthAnavaharNo'pi kiM na ydyte| grAhyo'pi na graahyte| tasmAtsaMsthAnasya grahaNe'pyagrahaNAsaMsthAnaM vrnnaavaannyt| na ca tattvAnyatvakalpanAto'pratItau zakyaM kalpanAntaraM sthApayitum / tasmAdaNavatsaMsthAnamapi na yuktm| tadabhAvAcca na kasyacidapi pratyakSatvamiti sidhyati // 7 // 308 CSV: hdir smras pa | gzugs kyi skye mched ni yod pa kho na te deui rgyu yod pahi phyir ro || hdir gzugs kyi rgyu ni hbyun ba chen po bzi yin la || de dag ni re zig yod pa yin no || de dag yod pas de dag gi hbras bus gzugs kyi skye mched kyan yod par hgyur rozes smraho || hdi yan yan dag pa ma yin no]zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ! = prvaah| vidyata eva ruupaaytnm| taDetusadbhAvAt / iha rUpahetu. yatvAri mhaabhuutaani| tAni taavvidynte| teSAM sadbhAvena teSAM phalamiti rUpAyatanamapi vidyata ityucyte| idamapi na samyagiti prtipaadybaah-| gzugs ni Ita z'ig ma gtogs, par gzugs kyi rgyu ni mi span no ! gal te de ltar hgyur na ni gni ga yan ni mig nid kyis / hdzin par ci yi phyir mi hgyur || 8 || In a V and Vx of CS blta for lta ; Vx of CSV rtogs for gtogs. V dosto na hetu rupasya rupadarsanavarjitah | ___saty evam ubhayam caksur eva grhnati no katham || 8 || Grammarians would not allow eva just at the beginning of a pada as V has done in d. The following may be suggested here : rUpadarzananirmukta na dRSTaM ruupkaarnnm| ___ evaM cedubhayaM kasmAJcakSuSeva na gRhyate // 8 // CSV: rdzas brgyad lhan cig thbyun ba nes pa hbyun ba chen po bz'i ma gtogs par gzugs mi dmigs la ll gzugs kyi skye mched ma gtogs par yan gzugs kyi rgyu mi dmigs so | gzugs kyi skye

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309] CHAPTER XIII 177 mched ni mig gi dban pos bzun bar bya ba yin la gzugs kyi rgyu ni lus kyi dban pos bzun bar bya ba yin no || deni phyir gal te gzugs kyi rgyu z'es bya ba cun zad cig ran gi no bos hgrub par hgyur na ni dehi tshe gzugs kyan ran gi no bos grub par hgyur ba z'ig na gzugs kyi rgyu gzugs las tha dad par grub pa gan yin pa hdi ni srid pa yan ma yin no || deui phyir gzugs kyi rgyu med na rgyu med pahi gzugs kyan yod pa ma yin no z'es bya bar grub bo ci ste ho na ni tha dad pa ma yin par gnas pani gzugs kyi rgyu las gzugs yin par dag (?) go snam du sems nade yan srid pa ma yin no gal te de Itar hgyur na ni gni ga yan ni mig nid kyis | hdzin par ci yi phyir mi hgyur || gzugs kyi rgyu yan gzugs las tha mi dad pahi phyir mig gi dban pos rgyu dan hbras bu gnis ka yan hdzin par hgyur na hdi mi srid pa ma yin te| dban po tha dad pahi yul yin pahi phyir dan mtshan nid tha dad pahi phyir ro | - dravyASTakasahabhAvaniyatamahAbhUtacatuSTayavinirmuktaM rUpaM noplbhyte| rUpAyatanavinirmukto'pi ruupheturnoplbhyte| rUpAyatanaM cakSurindriyagrAhyam / rUpahetustu kaayendriygraahyH| tasmAdyadi rUpaheturiti kiJcitsvarUpeNa sidhyettadA rUpamapi svarUpaNa sidhyet| rUpaheto rUpAdyaH siddho bhedo na tasya smbhvo'pi| tasmAdrUpahetorabhAva nirhetukaM rUpamapi na sidhyati / athAbhedAvasthitAdrUpaheto rUpaM bhavatIti manyate / tadapi na sambhavati / evaM cedubhayaM kasmAccakSaSaiva na grAhyate // rUpahetorapi rUpAbhedAccakSurindriyeNa hetuphalayorubhayorapi grahaNaM jaayet| na cedaM smbhvti| indriyANAM bhinnaviSayatvAlakSaNabhedAca // 8 // 309 ____CSV : de nid bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | = tadeva prtipaadynnaah-| sa ni brtan z'es bya bar mthon i de yan lus kyis hdzin par hgyur! 1 See MK. IV. 1-4. 23 .

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178 CATUHSATAKA [309 des na reg pa hbah z'ig hdi sa ho z'es ni bya bar brjod || 9 | In a all wrongly bstan for brtan (CSV only once here). In c Vx of CS and V ni for hdi. V bhumir ity agamo distah sa sarirena glhyate motpindasya tatah ko'pi sparso bhumir itiritah || 9 | V's agamah in a which cannot be allowed is due to his wrong reading bastan for brtan as shown above. In c he wrongly takes hbah z'ig to mean ko'pi in Skt., the Tib. equivalent of which is hgah zig. See karika 304 (=XIII. 4). There is nothing for his -piada in mrtpinda in c. And in d there should have been Tritam and not iritah as the word is connected with iti and not sparsah. Besides, his restoration does not give the sense of the Tib. text. The karika may be translated as below: ___ kaThinA dRzyate .bhUmiH sApi kAyena graahyte|| - tena hi kevalaM sparzo bhUmiraSeti kathyate // 8 // CSV: hdzin pahi las kyi? rten gyi dnos por gnas pahi phyir rten nid yin pas brtan pa nid kyis na sa ni brtan pa z'es bya bar mthon la de yan lus kyis hdzin te | 3 deni sra ba lus kyi dban poai bzun bya yin pahi phyir roll gan gi phyir hdi de ltar yin pa des na reg pa hbah z'ig hdi sa ho z'es ni bya bar brjod || gzugs kyi skye mched ni mig gi dban pohi bzun bar byaho dehi phyir de Itar na rgyu dan hbras bu gnis tha mi dad pa med de mtshan nid tha dad paai phyir dan | hdzin par byed 1 In fact the first half says: kathinyam dreyate bhumes tac ca kayena glhyate Blumi 'earth' is nothing but kathinya 'heardness.' See Vibhanga 82; AK and AKV I. 35 (p. 69): catvari mahabhutani, prthividhatur abdhatus tejodhatur vayudhatuh. prthividhatuh katamah. khakkhalat va m itivistarah. tesam ca sprasta v. yat vad iti tesam ca khakkhalatvadinam sprastavyatvad, yasmat tani sprastavyani, varnadayas tu drastavyah srotavya ghratavyah svadayitavyahm katham gamyate sprastavyani tanity atha na hi k athin y adini caksu radibhir ghy ante. kim tarhi. kayendriyenaiva. it yato'vagamyate sprastavyani taniti. syan matam te'pi varnada yah sprastavya ity ata aha napi var nada ya h ka yendriye pa. kim. grahyata iti prakstam. See MV, pp. 66, 67. * X kyis. * Actually the text, a and b, is quoted here adding or omitting a few unimportant words.

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309] CHAPTER XIII 179 pa tha dad pahi phyir ro || tha dad pa yod na yan rgyu med pahi smra bar sgyur ro | de nid dan gz'an nid dan bral bahi dnos po hdi thgah z'ig la ran gi no bos yod pa nid du rtog' par rigs pa yan ma yin te | dehi phyir gz'ugs kyi rgyu yod pa ma yin no || gzugs kyi rgyu med na yan gzugs ran gi no bos yod pa ma yin no z'es bya bar grub bo || de nid kyi phyir bcom ldan hdas kyis gan dag na la gzugs su mthon | gan dag na la sgrar ses pa | log par spon ba z'ugs pa ste | skye bo de dag na mi mthon 12 ho na ji ltar blta bar bya z'e na| . sans rgyas rnams ni chos nid lta 1 hden pa rnams ni chos kyi sku chos nid z'es bya ma yin te de ni ses par nus ma yin || z'es gsun so =kRtikarmaNa pAzrayavastunyavasthAnAdAzrayatvena kAThinyena ___ kaThinA dRzyate bhUmiH sApi kAyena grAhyate / tasyAH kAThinyasya kaayendriygraahytvaat| yenaitadevaM . tena hi kevalaM sparzo bhUmireSeti kathyate // rUpAyatanaM tu cakSurindriyagrAhyam / tasmAnnaivaM hetuphalayorabhedo lkssnnbhedaahraahkbhedaacc| bhede'pyatuvAdaH / / na ca tattvAnyatvavirahitasya kasyacidapyasya bhAvasya svarUpeNa sadbhAyaH kalpayituM yujyte| tasmAnAsti rUpasya hetusdbhaavH| rUpasya hetvabhAve ca na rUpaM khapaNAstIti sihm| tasmAduktAM bhagavatA ye mAM rUpeNa adrAkSurye mAM ghoSeNa anvayuH / mithyAprahANaprasUtA na mAM drakSyanti te janAH // atha kathaM draSTavya iti ced dharmato buddhA draSTavyA dharmakAyA hi naaykaaH| dharmatA cApyavinjeyA na sA zakyA vijAnitum // 1 x rtag. 2 See note 5. 3 See AK, I. 12. 4 Cf. Majjhima, I. 408. GSee Mv, p. 448: vajracchedika, p. 43: BCP, p. 4213 JRAS, 1906, p.948.

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180 CATUHSATAKA [310 sfa veni 310 CSV: hdir kha cig dag ni? re bum pa ni ran gi no bos blta bar bya ba ma yin z'in | blta bar bya ba ma yin par ma yin mod kyi | bita bar bya ba nid dan hbrel ba las blta bar bya bar ni hgyur na | blta bar bya bar gyur pas kyan mron sum du hgyur ro z'es zer ro || Thdi yan mi rigs z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | = qal: afea i canail at: Tiggosfa a CT ea : 1 draSTavyatvasambandhAdRSTavyo bhvet| draSTavyabhUtazceti pratyakSo bhvediti| idamapi na yuktAmiti prtipaadynnaah-| blta bya skyes pas bum pa ni . hdi la yon tan hgah mi hgyur des na blta bya nid skye ltar yod pani no bohan yod ma yin || 10 In 6 Vxx of CS and CSV hgar for hgah. V jatamatre ghate deste gunah ka scin na bhasate evam jatasya distasya satsvarupam na vidyate || 10 || I cannot agree with V. In a and c blta bya is translated by drsta, but it should have been drastavya, as is clear from the use of bya. See karika 314deg (=XIII. 14), and MK XIV 1deg, 3deg, 44 (Tib. text). There is nothing in Tib. for V's bhasate; nor can it be meant by hgyur. The karika may be translated as below : draSTavyatvena jAtena nAsmin kazcidguNo ghtte| draSTavyatvajAtivattatsadrUpo'pi na vidyate // 10 // CSV: gal te blta bar bya ba nid ni maon par gsal ba ham cis khyad par du gyur pa yin pa z'ig na | gni ga ltar hdi la blta bar bya ba nid dgos pa med do || hdir blta bar bya ba nid hdi yons su brtags nas don blta bar bya bahiran gi no bo ham | blta bar bya ba ma yin pahi ran gi ko bo z'ig la rtog | rez'ig gal te blta bar bya baui ran gi do bo la yin na deni tshe de brtags pas ci z'ig bya || gan gi varni yons su rtog pa de ni med par yan yod pa nid pas BX * Actua.

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311]] CHAPTER XIII 181 brtags par mi rigs so || ci ste blta bar bya ba ma yin par gyur pa la blta bar bya ba nid rtog na de yan mi rigs te lus can ma yin pa rnams kyan blta bar bya ba nid du thal bahi phyir dan | blta bar bya ba nid skyes pa [blta bar bya ba nid] med pa la hgal bahi phyir ro blta bar bya ba nid skye ba med pa | des na blta bya nid skye ba ltar te | ji ltar blta bar bya ba dan blta bar bya ba ma yin paui bum pa la rnam pa thams cad du blta bar bya ba nid mi rigs pas skye ba mi srid pa de bz'm du blta bar hya bar ma gyur pahi bum pa yod pani no bohan yod pa ma yin la yod pa ma yin pahi bum pala ni blta bar bya ba nid la rtog par rigs pa yan ma yin pas hdi ni mi rigs so l! = yadi draSTavyatvamabhivyaktaM vizeSaNabhUtaM vobhayathApoha draSTavyatvaM niSpayojanam / iha draSTavyatvamidaM parikalpA[-mAnaM] draSTavyasyArthasya svarUpamadraSTavyasyAthasya vA svarUpa klpaate| yadi tAvaddaSTavyasya kharUpaM tadA ki tena priklpiten| yadartha parikalpAte [tasya] tahinApi bhAvAdeveti na yuktA klpnaa| athAdraSTavyabhUtasyApi draSTavyatvaM klpaate| tadapi na yuktam / azarIrANAmapi draSTavyatvaprasaGgAjjAtena draSTavyatvenAsya virodhAca draSTavyatvaM na jaayte| draSTavyatvajAtivattat / yathA draSTavyasyAdraSTavyasya ca ghaTasya sarvathA draSTavyatvaM na yujyata iti jAtina sambhavati tathAdraSTavyabhUto ghaTaH sadrUpo'pi na vidyate // asato ghaTasya draSTavyatvakalpanApi na yune todamayuktam // 10 // 311 CSV: hdir smras pa | yul gzugs la sogs pa mnon sum dag ni yod pa kho na ste | deni ndzin par byed pa mig la sogs pahi dban po yod pahi phyir ro Il yod par gyur dban po hdi rnams ni gdon mi za bar ran gi yul hjug par hgyur dgos lal gan du de rnams hjug pa srid pa gzugs la sogs pa don de dag ni mnon sum yin no || bsad par bya ste gal te dban po rnams kyi yons su gcod par nus X brtag. ? It is, in fact, c of the kari ka to which ba is added after skye. X rtag.

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182 CATUHSATAKA [311 par hgyur na ni gzugs la sogs pahi don dag tu hgyur ba z'ig na ! hgyur ba nid kyan ma yin no ji Itar z'e na udi na mig la sogs pa lna po ni spyir thbyun ba las gyur pa nid du ne bar ston la de rnams kyi bya ba ni yul tha dad pas tha dad pa z'ig go || hdi Itar mig gis gzugs kho na mthon gi sgra mi thos la || ma bas kyan sgra thos kyil gzugs mi mthon no ll gan gi tshe de Itar =anaah| santyeva pratyakSA ruupaadivissyaastdvaahkckssuraadiindriysdbhaavaat| sadbhUtAnyetAnIndriyANyavazyaM svaviSayeSu pravartanta itybhipraayH| yatra teSAM pravRttiH sambhavati te rUpAdyarthAH prtykssaaH| ucyate / sya rUpAdayo'rthA yadIndriyANAM paricchettaM zakti: syAt / naiva tvsti| kathamiti cet / iha cakSurAdIni paJca sAmAnyato bhautikaaniityupdrshyte| teSAM kArya [tu viSayabhedena bhidyate / tathA hi cakSuSA rUpameva dRzyate na zabdaH shruuyte| karNenApi zabdaH zrUyate na rUpaM dRshyte| yadaivam / mig ni hbyun gyur rna de bz'in | mig gis mthon gi gz'an gyis min des na nes par las rnam smin | thub pas bsam mi khyab par gsuns || 11 || : In a all hgyur for gyur; Vx of CS and V's xylographs (rouge et noir) sna? for rna. In b after mthon all gis for gi. In d Vx of CSV pa for pas. V caksur darsanato'bhinna caksusam sravanam tatha acintyam karmano nunam vipakam proktavan munih || 11|| The first half of it can in no way be accepted. I may suggest the following: bhautikamakSi karNazca dRzyate'kSaNApareNa na / nUnaM karmavipAkaM tadacintya muktavAnmuniH // 11 // CSV: mig ni thbyun gyur rna de bz'in | mig gis mthon gi gz'an gyis min deui tshe hthad pa dan hgal bahi bya ba srid paui phyir mig la sogs pa mnams kyi ran gi no bo rtog pa ga la yod || hbyun ba las gyur pa nid du mtshuis (?) bz'in du yul hdzin pa tha dad pa brtag 1xkyis. ? In the present case this reading can also be admitted though not supported by CSV. 3 X mdzune. But these two words are not here appropriate.

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311] CHAPTER XIII 183 par ni mi rigs so ]] mig la sogs pa mnams kyiyod pa nid ni yul hdzin pa las rjes su dpag pa yin na de yan thgal bas mi srid de deui phyir dban po yod pas yul rnams mron sum nid du mi rigs so || gal te de ltar mig la sogs pa rnams mi srid na | dehi phyiri ji Itar mig la sogs pahi dban po hdi rnams las kyi rnam par smin pahi no bor rnam par bz'ag ce na ci kho bo cag gis hdi rnams kyi rnam par smin pahi no bo nid bkag gam || gal te mig la sogs pa rnams ugog par sgrub pas de ji Itar ma bkag ce na || kho bo cag ni ram par dpyod pa don ran bz'in tshol ba lhur byed pa nid kyi phyir ro | kho bo cag ni hdir dros po mnams ran gi no bos grub pa hgog gis3 mig la sogs pa byas sin rten cin hbrel bar hbyun bahi las kyi rnam par smin pa nid ni mi thgog paho jo gan mig hbyun ba las gyur pa yin yan gzugs kho na mthon gi sgra mi thos z'es bya ba la sogs pa hdi ni mthon ba yan yin no | gan gi phyir hdi de ltar yin pa | des na nes par las rnam smin thub pa bsam mi kyab par gsuns || dros po ran bz'in med pa rnams kyan bya bahi Ibras bu nes pahi phyir bcom ldan hdas kyiso las rnams kyi hbras bu rnam par smin pa bsam gyis mi khyab par gsuis so || 11 || = bhautikamakSi karNazca dRzyate'kSaNApareNa n| tadopapattiviruddha kAryasambhavAtkutazcakSurAdInAM svruupklpnaa| tulye'pi bhautikatve viSayagrahaNabhedaH kalpayituM na yujyte| cakSurAdInAM sadbhAvo viSagrahaNa krmnnaanumiiyte| tadapi virodhana na sambhavatItIndriyasadbhAvana viSayANAM pratyakSatvaM na yuktam / yadyevaM cakSurAdIni na sambhavanti tataH kathameSAM cakSurAdaunAmindriyANAM krmvipaaksvruupvyvsthaa| kimasmAbhireSAM vipAkakharUpaM prtissiddhm| yadi cakSurAdInAM pratiSedhaH sAdhyate kathaM tena na ttprtissiddhm| asmAkaM vicArasyArthasvabhAvanyAyatatparatvAbAsmAbhiriha bhAvAnAM svabhAvasiddhena pratiSedhena cakSurAdikkataH pratItyasamutpannaH karmavipAkaH pratiSiddhaH / __ yaccakSubhautikamapi rUpameva pazyati na zabdaM zRNotItyAdi / dRzyate hodmpi| yasmAdetadevaM 1xkyis. 2 These two words sooms to be unnecessary xda. .xgi.

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184 CATUHSATAKA [312 nUnaM karmavipAkaM tadacintya muktavAnmuniH / / niHsvabhAvAnAmapi bhAvAnAM karmaphalaniyamena bhagavAn karmaphalavipAkamacintyamuktAvAn // 11 // 312 CSV: hdir smras pa | mig la sogs pa ni ran bz'in gyis yod pa nid de desi sbras bu rnam par ses pa mthon baui phyir ro || bsad par bya ste gal te deni nbras bu rnam par ses pa nid yod na ni mig la sogs pa yod par hgyur na srid pa ni ma yin no ll ji lta z'e na de la re z'ig | = Tale i fagni da tretfa wataa i gaircifa lagtatai ucyate / syAJcakSurAdisadbhAvo yadi tatkArya vijJAnameva syAt / na tu.sambhavati / mufafai ga araq-1 rkyen ma tshan phyir ses pa ni | Ita bahi sna rol yod ma yin | hon te phyis na ses don med | gsum pa byed pa don med hgyur | 12 || In a V wrongly rgyen ma tshad for rlyen ma tshan. In d CSV once par for pa after gsum. V's note on gsum pa byed pa is not required at all. V amitapratyayajnanam destapurvam na vidyate | athante jnanavaiyarthyam darsanam ca nirarthakam || 12 | Nothing of it can be accepted. I. may offer the following: tai galu enna ga uaigaa, atha pazcAnirarthaM syAttRtIyAyAM kiyA thA // 12 // CSV: re z'ig Ita bahi sna rol du ni mig gi rnam par ses pa yod pa ma yin no | mig gi lta ba bdag poui rkyen ma tshan bahi phyir ro || ci ste lta bahi thog rol du rtog na ni deui tshe ses pa don med te gal te rnam par ses pa med pahi mig gis gzugs mthon na ni ho na rnam par ses pa yons su rtog pa don med do || gsum pa byed pa don med hgyur te frtog pa gsum pa ni Ita ba dan ses pa gnis cig car hbyun ba..? 1 Here in the Tib. text follow two verses and a prose passage quoted from a workoj * Three letters in X could not be read here. works.

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313] CHAPTER XIII 185 de lal.. med doi hdi lta bas na lta ba ste byed pa don med par bgyur ro || Ita ba dan ses pa gnis cig car yod na ni rnam par ses pa gan z'ig Ita ba dan dus mtshuis pa la de lta ba la rag las te hbyun bar mi rigs so |ba lan gi rwa gyas gyon lhan cig hbyun ba dag la ni cig sos cig sos la rag las te skye ba nid mi srid de de bz'in du lta ba dan lhan cig hbuyn bahi rnam par ses pa lta ba las rag las te skye ba nid du ma hgyur bas lta ba don med pa kho nar hgyur ro ||deg gan gi tshe de ltar rnam par ses pa mi srid pa deni tshe de yod pas mig la sogs pa rnams.. yod brtag pa gan yin pa de mi rigs so I ____ =na tAvaddarzanAtpUrva cakSurvijJAnaM cakSuSo darzanAdhipatipratyaya vaiklyaat| patha darzanAtpazcAtkalpAte / tadA jJAnaM nirrthkm| yadi vinA vijJAnena cakSuSA rUpadarzanaM tadA vijJAnakalpanA nirarthA / hatIyAyAM kiyA thA // vRtIyA kalpanA jJAnadarzanayoIyoyugapadudbhavaH...tana...na bhvti| anena darzanena darzanakriyA nirrthaa| vijJAnadarzanayoH sahabhAve vijJAnaM yena darzanena tulyakAlaM tasya darzanasyAyattaM bhavatIti na yuktam / sahabhUtayoH savyetarayogoviSANayo ritaraditarAyattaM jAyata iti na smbhvti| tathA ca darzanena sahabhUtaM vijJAnaM darzanAyattaM na jAyata iti darzanaM nirarthameva / / yadaivaM vijJAnaM na sambhavati tadA ka tatsadbhAvena cakSurAdInAM...sadbhAvaparIkSeti na tadyuktam // 12 // 313 CSV: [anaah| na khalu cakSaH karaNarUpam / kiM tahi / kArakameva / tasya kArakabhAvAbhyapagamAt / 1 Here also three letters are illegible in X. . Here a few letters are illegible in x.. . . For adhipatipratyaya see NIV. pp. 76-77. Poussin'snote no. 7, and Visudd him agga, ad. Bhikkhu A. P. Buddhadatta, Alutgama (Ceylon), 1914, p. 415 : jetthakatthena upakara ko dhammo adhipatipacayo.deg yam yam dhammam garum katva ye ye dhamma uppajjanti sittacetasika te te dhamma tesam tesam dhammanam adhipatipaccayena paccayo'ti. .See MV, pp. 139, 224, 547. 6.5 Not in HPS; Tib.: hdir smras pa mig ni byed pahi no bo ma yin pa kho na ste bo no ci z'e nabyed pa po nid de de byed pa pohi dnos por khas blans pani phyir! gsum par byed pa don med hgyur t'es gan smras pa de ni mi rigs soll de Itar brtags na yan mig Ita bahi bya ba dan bral ba nid lu hgyur rol! ji Itar z'e na gal te mig gis 24

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186 CATUHSATAKA [313 TatIyAyAM kriyA vRthA iti yaduktaM (312=XIII-12) na tadyatAm / evaM kalpite'pi cakSudarzanakAryavirahitameva bhvet| kathamiti cet| yadi cakSu ] rUpaM pazyeddezaM gatvA vA pazyedagatvA vA pazye dubhayathA ca doSa iti prtipaadyvaah--| mig ni hgros dan Idan hgyur na | thag rin yun rin gis mthon hgyur | . ha can ne dan ches rin du gzugs de gsal ba ci ste min || 13 | In 6 Vx of CSV rins for rir. * pazyeccakSazcirAddara gatimadyadi tadbhavet / atyabhyAse ca dUre ca rUpaM vyakta na ta kim // 13 // CSV: yadi cakSuH prAptakAritvAdiSayadezaM gacchettadonmiSitamAtreNa na candratArakAdInAn grahIyAt / [gatimato'rthadezopagrahaNaM] tulyakAla viprazaSTaviSayagrahaNaM [ca] ayukta gatikAlasya bhinntvaat| pazyati ca cakSa runniSitamAtreNa samIpasthavahidUradezasthamapau tyayuktametat / yadi [ca] prAptakAri cara: syAttadAtyabhyAse'pi pazyedakSisthAmaJjanazalAkA10 dUre ca vyatAdarza syAt / na cetatsambhavatItyayuktametat // 13 // 1 1 Tib. om. it. Before rupam HPS has -sthah partyet. 9 HPS om. it. . It is not supported by Tib. * Tib. simply mig; HPS caksusab. * Tib. hgro ba dan ldan pahi don gyi (x gyis) yul fio bar ldzin pa dain | HPS has here & gap indicating nine letters or syllables. 6 Here ca is to be inserted as supported also by Tib. reading dan. See note 5. * Tib. ma rigs. HPS degvisyagrahanayuktam. 8.. Here some words in our X are very indistinct. * HPS; it is supported by Tib. yan, according to which api may preferably be used, 10 HPS ad. va. 11 In this connection the meaning of aprapta or asamprapta, (Pali asampatta, as often used) in such words as aprapta-karin, etc. is thus given in the VT $286 (VI, 8) : asampattavasena ti attanam asampattassa gocarassa vasena. attana visaya desam va asam patta vasena cakkhusotani hi rupagaddehi asampattani. sayam va tani asampattaineva arammanam ganhanti. The arguments are summarized there thus : ten'etam vuccati: oakkhusotam pan'etesu hot'sampattagihakam | vinnan'uppattihetutta santaradhikagocare | 1 || tatha hi dura desattham phalikaditirohitam mahantan ca nagadinam vannam cakkhu udikkhatil 2! akasadigato kucchicamma'nantarito'pi ca | mahanto ca ghanadinam saddo sotassa gocaro ||3|| gantva visa yadesantam caritva ganhatiti cel adhitthanavidhane'pi tassa so gocaro siya || 4 || bhatappa bandhato so ce yati indriyasannidhim

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315] . CHAPTER XIII 187 314 CSV: api c| yadi cakSurgavA rUpaM pazyati tatkiM dRSTvA taddeza gacchatyu tAdRSTvA / ubhaya zApi doSa iti pratipAdayavAha gal te gzugs mthon mig hgro na ! son bas yon tan hgah yan med yan na blta byar hdod pa ni nes ses bya ba brdzun par hgyur || 14 || In 6 V wrongly pas for bas. In c Vx of CSV par or pa In d Vx of CSV hdod for nes; V and Vx of CS z'es, and Vx of CSV ces for ses ; V and Vs of CS brjod for brdzun. __* gatena na guNaH kazcidrUpaM dRSTvAkSi yAti cet / draSTavyaM niyameneSTamiti vA jAyate vathA // 14 // ___CSV: yadi rUpaM dRSTvA rUpadezaM cakSuryAtIti kalpAte gatena tena gamanena cakSuSo na kinycipryojnm| viSayadarzanArthaM cakSuSo gmnm| sa ca viSayaH pUrvamevehasthena dRSTa iti na kiJcidamanasya prayojanam / athAdRSTvA gacchati / tadA dikSitaviSayadarzanaM niyamena na prApnoti / adRSTvA bandhasyevAnabhilakSitadevagamanAdRSTavyasya niyamena darzana na prApnoti // 14 // 315 Csv: adhetahopaparijihIrSayA ydi-| mig ma son bar hdzin na ni hgro ba hdi kun mthon hgyur te! kammacittojasambhuto vanno saddo cacittajo||5|| na tesam gocara honti na hi sambhonti te bahi vutta ca avisesena pathe tamvisaya'va te ||6|| yadi c'etam dvayam attasamipam yeva ganhati akkhivannam tatha mulam passeyya pakhumassa ca || 7 || disadesavavatthanam saddassa na bhaveyya ca * Biya ca saddabhedissa sakanne sarapatanan'ti || 8|| In 30 Burmese reading is ghantadeg for ghana. In 7d pakhumassa is Siamese reading, while in the Ceylone edition referred to it is bhamukassa. PA (II. 5 ; pp. 51-60) has a long discussion which begins as follows: idam idanim manag mimamsamahe. prapyakarinindriyany a prapya karini veti. tatra prapyakariny eveti kana. bhaksaksapadamimamsa kasamkhyah samkhyanti. caksuhsrotretarani tani tatheti tathagatah. caksurvarjyaniti ta tatha syadvadavadatahsdayah. AK, I. 43c-d: mig dan yid dan rna ba ni yul dan ma frad (=apraptarthany aksimanah. brotrani). See AKB and AKV with Poussin's note, loc. cit.; NS, III. 1. 44 ff.; NK, p. 23. 1 Tib. gzugs; HPS visayam. Tib. dehi yul du; HPS degkim vilayam drstva visayadesam for degkimdeg debam. . Tib. ad. tatah kim (de las cir hgyur). After it Tib. ad. tat (de).

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188 CATUHSATAKA [316 gan la hgro ba yod min pa de la rin med bsgribs pahan med || 151 ___In d Vhdi for rin ; Vx of CSV sgrib, and V with Vx of CS bsgrib for bsgribs. * sTalIyAdagataM cakSuH pazyetsarvamidaM jagat / yasya nAsti gatistasya nAsti dUraM na cAvatam // 15 // CSV: yo hi manyate cakSuH zrotraM mano'prAptaviSayamityAgamA daprAptaviSayameva cakSuriti taM prtyucyte| prAptakAritAmAtrapratiSedhaparatvAdAgamasya taavdvirodhH| kvaciddidheH prAdhAnyaM yatra tsyaavirodhH| kacipratiSedhasya prAdhAnyaM yatra tadavirodhaH / tadatra vidhe rasambhavAtprAptakAritApratiSedhamAtreNAprAptaviSayatvaM vyvsthaapyte| vidhimukhena tvamAptaviSayatve. kalpAmAna ihasthameva cakSuH sarvaM jagatapazyet / yasya hi gatirnAsti tasya kuto dUram / samIpastho'pi hyanenArtho'gatvA draSTavyo vidUrastho'pauti dUrakato'pi vizeSo na syAt / yadA cAgatvA pazyati tadehasthamiva vidUrastha mapi pazyet / gatau hi satyAmAte gati vighAtAdAvRtaM nekSata iti yuktam / yadA tvagatvA draSTavyaM tadAvate gatipratibandhAbhAvAdanAvRta iva darzanaM syAt // 15 // 316 CSV: yadi ca darzanakhabhAvaM cakSuH syAttadA svabhAvasya sarvatraivAvyAghAtAt svarUpamapi pazyet / tathA hi loke / dnos po kun gyi rau bz'in ni | dan por bdag la snan hgyur na mig ni mig nid kyis hdzin par ci yi phyir na hgyur ma yin || 16 In d Vx of CSV gan z'ig gis for ci yi phyir. svabhAvaH sarvabhAvAnAM pUrvamAtmani dRzyate / grahaNaM cakSuSaH kena cakSuSaiva na jAyate // 16 // 1 HPS Srotramanodeg. AK. I. 43 : apraptarthany aksimanah srotrapi (mig dan vid dan rna ba ni | yul dai ma phrado!). 3 Tib. de mi hgal baho3; HPS tadvirodhab. * Tib. vicarasya (rnam par dpyad pa) for vidheh. Tib.ad. evam (hdi lta). 6So Tib.; HPS degsthe. 7 Tib. dehi tshe; HPS tad ihao 8 Tib. thag rin po na gnas pa ; HPS duram api. . Tib. om. gati-.

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317] CHAPTER XIII 189 CSV: yathA cammakamallikAdiSuH saugandhya pUrva svAzraya evopalabhyate pyaatttsmpttaiilaadissvpi| yathA cAgne roSNA khato'vasthitaM tadyogAt parato'pyupalabhyate / evaM yadi cakSudairzanasvabhAvaM syAttadA svAtmanyeva tAva darzana syaat| kasmAtpunazcakSuSo grahaNaM cakSuSaiva na bhavati / bhAvAnAM svabhAvasya ca khAtmanyeva prathamataraM vidyamAnatvAJcakSuSaiva cakSuSo grahaNaM nyAyyam / na cakSuH khAtmAnaM pazyatauti loSTAdivat paradarzanamapyasya na sambhAvyate // 16 // 317 CSV: yastu manyate na kevalasya cakSa So rUpadarza nasAmarthya msti| api tu trayANAM catUrUpacakSa vijJAnAnAM sAmagrayAM satyAM rUpadarzanaM bhavatIti / tdpysaarm| yasmAt -- / mig`la rnam ses yod min z'in | rnam par ses pa Ita med la | gni ga gzugs la yod min na ! de dag gis gzugs ji ltar mthon || 17 || In 6 V and Vx of CS ses la yari Ulta for par ses pa lta. In c V gnis for gni ga. In d V and Vx of CS gi for ji. In d Vx of CSV gzuns for gzugs. * cakSa So'sti na vijJAnaM vijJAnasya na darzanam / ubhayaM nAsti rUpasya te rUpaM dRzyate katham // 17 // CSV: cakSu SastAvavijJAnaM nAsti / na hi cakSu viSayaM jaanaatyvijnyaansvruuptvaat| bhautikaM hi ckssuH| tasya jar3atvAdiSayabodho' na sambhAvyate / evaM cakSu So'sti na vijJAnam / nApi vijJAnasya drshnmsti| vijJAnaM hi vijAnAti na tu pshyti| yadi tu vijJAnaM pazyettadA tasyApi rUpadarzanaM syaahijnyaansdbhaavaat| rUpasya tUbhayamapi 1 Tib. campakotpalidikusumanam (me tog tsam pa ka dan ut pa la la sogs dag gi). Tib. ran lagnas pahi; HPS degvyavadeg for'vai. 3 Tib. paratmatoo (gz'an gyi bdag nid la). 4 Tib. mig blta bahi ran bz'in du ; HPS caksusor darsanasvabhavyam. 5 Tib. om. tavad.. 6 Tib. kharadio (bon bu la sogs). According to Skt. the Tib. reading should have been sa gon for bon bu. In X read rtogs for rtog. 8. For vijnanamdeg -sadbhavat Tib. na tad rupavat. kutas tasya darsanam. tan nastiti gatavan na pasyati (de ni gzugs can ma yin pa z'ig ste de la lta ba ga la yod de med pas na son baltar mi mthon io]]).

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190 CATUHSATAKA [819 naasti| na vijnyaanmnvbodh'khruuptvaat| nApi darzanaM rUpAlocanAbhAvAt / yadA caivamanyonyArthavikalAnIndriyaviSayavijJAnAni tadA tatmAmagrAmapi satyAM naiva te rUpaM dRzyata iti sambhAvayituM zakyam / / ruupdrshnaanggvikltvaadndhsmudaayvditybhipraayH| yadA caivaM rUpasya darzanAbhAva stadA ko nAmAhaM ti tattvavidrUpaM dRzyata iti vaktuM draSTuM vA // 17 // 318 ___CSV: yathA ca tattvavivAhati rUpaM draSTumevaM zabdamapi zrotuM nAheti / rUpadarzanavacchabdazravaNasyApyasambhavAt / ' iha yadi zabdaH zrUyate sa zravaNadeza samprApto vA zrUyetAsamprApto vaa| yadi tAvatsamprAptaH zrUyate sa zravaNadeza vrajavchabda kurvANo vrajati ni:zabdo vaa| tatra yadi pUrvaH kalpastadA gal te smra z'in sgra hgro na | gan gis smra ba por mi hgyur hon te mi smra bar hgro nahan | gan gis de la ses pa skye || 18!! In d V and Vx of CS bskyed for skye. na vaktA jAyate kena zabdo yAti bruvan yadi / atha yAtyabruvaMstasmin pratyayaH kena jAyate // 18 // CSV: tatatha vakta tvAddevadattavacchabdo'sau na bhvti| athAbruvan yAti tadA tasmiJchabda niHzabda vrajati zabdo'yamiti kasyAvasAyo bhavet / na cArahItasyAsyAstitvamiti na yuktametat // 18 // 319 CSV: kinycaanyt-| gal te phrad do sgra hdzin na ! sgra yi dan po gan gis hdzin | sgra ni rkyan bahan mi hon na rin bu ji ltar hdzin par hgyur || 19 || 1 Tib. rtogs (x rtog) pahi ran ba' in ma yin pahi phyir. HPS degjijanm avabodhai. 2 Tib. adarsanatmakatvat (lta ba ma yin pahi bdng nid can yin pahi phyir). 3 Tib.om. it. ... Tib. om. itideg bukyam. 5 Til vuggla Ita ba med pa ; HPS rupas adarsanasambhavat. 7 Tib. merig (=vid) for rigs. ea hi phyir (abhavat). in. Tib.a-(-1of asamprapatah is left out. 10 Tib.om. asau. * Tib. bgro ba ,TPS vrajan.

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320] CHAPTER XIII 191 In a Vx of CSV te for de. In c V wrongly rgyad for rkyari and V and Vx of CS par for bahan. In d V wrongly ren for rin. * prAptazcena hyate zabdaH tasyAdiH kena grAhyate / na caiti kevalaH zabdo grAhyate kevalaH katham // 18 // CSV: yadi zrotrendriyasthAna prAptaH zabdo gTahyate tasyAdiH kena gRhyate / / prAptagrAhitvAcchrotrasya zabdasyAdegrahaNaM nAsti / na cAnyadindriyaM tasya grAhaka sambhavatIti naiva kenacidasyAdi ghyte| tatavArarahyamANatvAcchabda evAsI na bhavatItyabhiprAyaH / "navadravyakatvAcca 'paramANor na caiti kevalaH zabdaH / bhavatA ca zabdamAtrameva zrotreNa grAhyate na gandhAdaya iti na yujyte| yahA' zabdasyAgrahaNamastu / yavA gandhAdayo'pi gRhyantAm / na caitadevamiti na prAptaviSayatvaM zabdasya // 19 // 320 CSV: atha yadetaduktaM prAptazceta hyate zabdastasyAdiH kena graahyte| iti / yadi tasyAdina gTahItastadA ko doSa iti / ayaM doSo yadasya zabdatvameva vishiiryte| tathA hi-| . ji srid sgra thos ma gyur pa | de yi bar du sgrar mi hgyur | sgra med pa yan mthar sgra nid | hgyur na de ni mi rigs so || 20 || In a V ba for pa. * yAvanna zrUyate zabdastAvacchabdo na jaayte| - azabdasyApi zabdatvamante tacca na yujyate // 20 // CSV: yo na zrUyate so'zrUyamANatvAindhAdivacchabda eva na bhavati / atha manyase yadA zrUyate tadA zabdo bhvithtoti| etadapyasabhA thm| na hi 1 Tib. debi dan po gangis hdzin; HPS om. tasyadeg te. For sambhavadeg Tib. bhavadeg (yin pas). 3 In X read dan po for dban po. * Tib. o.cagrhito'rtho'sau sabda eva nadeg (dehi phyir ma bzun bahi don de nisgra fiid du mi hgyur ro). 6 Tib. ad. evam (de Itar), and -dravyatmakatvat (bdag nid) for -drayakatvat. * HPS ad, sabda. 7 Tib. ekadha (rnam pa gcig tu), and ad. Grotrena (rna). 8 Tib. yao na, translated by atha va.

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192 CATUHSATAKA 1321 gandhAdeH pazcAcchabdatvaM dRssttm| tahadevAsyApyazabdasya pazcAcchabdatvamayuktamiti // 20 // 321 CSV: evaM tAvadindriyANAM viSayagrahaNAsAmarthya mudrAvya manamo'pi viSayagrahaNAsAmarthya mudbhaavybaah-| dban po rnams dan bral sems kyis | son stehan ci z'ig byed par hgyur | de Itar yin dan srog hdi ni | rtag tu yid med ci ste min || 21 || . V and Vx of CS kyan for dan, and kyi for kyis ir a, and lta for ltar in c. * viyuktamindriyai cittaM kiM gatvApi krissyti| evaM satoha jIvo'yamanaskaH sadA na kim // 21 // CSV: yadi cittaM viSayadezaM gatvA viSayaM paricchinattIti kalpAta tdyuktaam| idaM cittamindriyasahitaM vA viSayadezaM gacchetkevalaM vaa| na tAvadindriyasahitaM yAti / indriyANAM deha eva sadA savidhAnAt / gamane ca sati dehasya nirindriytvprsnggaat| atha kevalaM gacchati tadApi viyuktamindriyazcittaM kiM gatvApi krissyti| na hi cakSurAdaundriyahAratiraskRtasyAsya rUpAdidarzanasAmarthya masti / andhAdInAmapi darzanAdisadbhAvaprasaGgAt / athApi kathaJcibiSayadezagamanenArthoMpalabdhirasya parikalpAte tadApyarthabodhAparyavasAnatvAdanivRttiH / ____ evaM satoha jIvo'yamamanaskaH sadA na kim // acintaka evAtmA sarvakAlaM praapnoti| na cAcintakasyAtmatvaM sambhAvayitaM yuktm| stambhA dInAmapyAtmatvaprasaGgAt / tadevaM yuktyA vicAryamANAnAmindriya viSayavijJAnAnAM sadrUpA]'sambhavAt khruupsiddhirsto| yadi hyeSAM svarUpasihiH syAttadopapattyA vicAryamANA 1 Tib. sgra med pa; HPSSabdasya for asabdasya. ? Hero in Tib, follows a passage not to be found in Skt. of HPS. 3 Tib. don rtoge pa mthar thug pa med pahi phyir mi ldog par hghyur ro || HPS tadapy aparyyavasanatvad arthabodhasyanivrttau satyam. * Tib. bdag fiid; HPS degatmakatvam. 6 After stambha in Tib. there is one word more which could not be read in X. Tib. bdag nid du thal bar hgyur bahi phyir ro | HPS stam bhadivad acintakatvat. 7 HPS has here a lacuna : Tib. yul dan rnam pa ses pa rnams la yod pabi no bo * Tib. abhavat (med pas).

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322] . CHAPTER XIII 193 yathAsthitena kharUpeNa sphuTataramupalabhyaran / na coplbhynte| tasmAtsvarUpazUnyA iti siham // 21 // 322 ___CSV: yadi tarkheSAM svabhAvo nAma nAsti tatkathameSAM vizeSaparicchedAtmikA saMjJA vizeSayavasthA hetutvenopdishyte| ucyate / satsa padArtheSu tavizeSaparicchedAtmikA saMjJA syaat| yadA teSAM padArthAnAmasattvaM pratipAdyate tadA tadvArA kutaH] svarUpasiddhiH syaat| kiM khalveSa viSayaparicchedaH sarvathA nAsti / na naastiiti| ni:svabhAvasya bhAvasya vidymaantvaat| tathA hi-| snar mthon ba yi don gan z'ig! yid kyis smig rgyu Itar hdzin pa ! de ni chos kun rnam bz'ag la 1 hdu ses phun po zes bya ho || 22 / / In c V and Vx of CS gz'ag for bz'ag. * manasA grAhyate yo'rthaH pUrvadRSTo marIcivat / sarvadharmavyavasthAsu sa saMjJAskandhasaMjakaH // 22 // CSV: iha cakSuH pratItya rUpaJca cakSurvijJAnamutpadya nirudhyamAnaM shendriyvissynirudhyte| tasminnirudde pUrvadRSTo' yo'rthaH sa eva pazcAnmanasA ggRhyte| kathaM punarasannihitasya grahaNaM sambhAvyata ityAha [marocivaditi / yadyapi nAlpamAnamapi marI]"cikAyAM jalamasti api ca hetupratyayavazAt pravartata eva jalAkArasaMjJA evamavidyamAnasvarUpe'pi pUrvapaTahIta'rthe marIcyAmiva yadA vijJAnamutpadyate ttsrvdhrmvyvsthaakaarnnm| sarvadharmavyavasthAkAraNatvAca sa eva saMcAskandha ityu taastthaavidhsNjnyaavishesssmpryogaat| saMjJAvazena ca sarvadharmavyavasthA vijJAtavyA na punaH padArthasvarUpanibandhanA khabhAvasya sarvathAyujyamAnatvAt // 22 // 1 Tib. om. it as well as tarhi after yadi. . Tib. de rnams kyi ; HPS esa. 8 HPS ad. padartha.. 4 Tib. yukta (rigs) for syat. (Tib. gai gi tshe: HPS om. it. * HPS ad. ca. + HPS has a lacuna; Tib. bstan pa dehi tshe de rnams kyi sgo nas hdugo ga la hgyur 8 Tib. ran bz in med pahi diios po yod pahiphyir | HPS svabhavasya vidyadeg tor nihsvadeg bhavasya vidyai. . Tib. snar mthor bahi; HPS purvavaddrsto. 10 HPS marks here a lacuna. Tib. smig rgyu Itar z'es bya ba smros se smig rgyu la chu bag tsam kyan mod mod kyi 1 Tib. om. purva.. 11 HPS ad. here vikalpakam. 25

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194 CATUHSATAKA 1323 323 Csv: yadyevamasti tahi svabhAvataH sNjnyaaskndhH| na hi tasminbasati sarvadharmavyavasthA zakyA kartamiti / ucyte| sApi hi saMjJA vijJAnasampayuktatvAda vijJAnavyatirekeNA stii| tadapi ca vijJAnaM saMjJAvyatirekeNA siddhatvAt svarUpato nAsti / ito'pi naasti| ysmaat-| mig dan gzugs la brten nas yid | sgyu ma bz'in du skye bar hgyur gan la yod pa nid yod de sgyu maa z'es byar mi rigs so || 23 || * cakSuH pratItya rUpaJca mAyAvajjAyate manaH / / vidyate yasya sadbhAvaH sA mAyeti na yujyate // 23 // _._CSV: na hi taddijJAnamutpAdAtprAgasti . yadutpattikriyAtrayatvena prvrtet| satvapi cakSurAdiSu pratyayeSu vijJAnasya kharUpAsambhavAt / utpattikriyAyA apravRtterutpAdo na yujyte| utpadyate caitavijJAnamityataH kiM nizcetuM pAryate'nyatra maayaadhrmtaayaaH| uktaM hi bhagavatA tadyathA bhikSavo mAyAkAro vA mAyAkArAntevAso [ vA] caturmahApatha vividha mAyAkarma vidarzayet / tadyathA hasti kAyamakhakAyaM rathakAyaM patti kArya c| taM cakSa mAn puruSaH pazyennidhyAyedyonizacopaparIkSeta / tasya taM pazyato nidhyAyato yonizacopaparokSamANasyAsatto'pyasya khyAyAdritato'pi tuccha. to'pysaarto'pi| tatkasya hetoH| kimasmin mAyAvate sAramastIti / evameva bhikSavo yatkiJcihijJAna matotAnAgatapratyutpannamAdhyAtmikaM vA bAjhaM vaudArika vA sUkSma vA honaM vA praNItaM vA yahA dUre yahAtyantike tadbhikSa : pshyebidhyaayedyonishcoppriiksset| tatpazyato nidhyAyato yonizacopaparIkSa 1 Tib. tatah (de bas na ni) for tasminn asati. Inx read magtogs for ma rtogs... | Tib. hdi las kyan [ma] yin te; HPS om. it. * Tibabhivat (med par) for -asmbhabat. See p. 196, note 4. * Tib. ad. vistarasah (rgya cher) 'copiously.' * Tib. rtahi tshogs dan; HPS om. asvai. * This word, patti., could not be verified as the X is very illegible here. 8 Tib. dan; HPS om. ca. Tib. ad. iti baku (?) satam jayate (z'es brgya cher hbyun z'in). . This should be the actual form. asattah=asat-tah. HPS asatab; Tib. yod pa ma yin par. See p. 196,1.1. 10 Tib. dge slon dag; HPS om. it. 11 Tib. ad. ucitam (run bar). 13 Tib. om. it.

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324] CHAPTER XIII 196 mANasyAsatto'pyasya khyAyAdriktAto'pi tucchato'pyasArato'pi rogato'pi gaNDato''pi zalyato'pyaghato'pyanityato'pi duHkhato'pi zUnyato'pyanAtmato'pyasya khyaayaat| tatkasya hetoH| kimasmin vijJAnaskandhe saarmstiiti| yathopalabhyate vicArya mANasya tathA svarUpAsambhavA mAyAyuvati prakhya vijJAnamiti zakyamavasAtum / tatazca sUktameva tat . cakSa : pratItya rUpaJca mAyAvajjAyate manaH / iti / yadi punarasya svarUpaM syAttadA varUpato vidyate yasya sadbhAvaH sA mAyeti na yujyate // na hi loke svabhAvAdazUnyA sadbhUtA' strI mAyeti yujyte| evaM vijJAnamapi svarUpato vidyamAnatvAnmAyopamaM na syaat| upadizyate ca mAyopamaM vijJAnam / ato niHsvabhAvaM vijJAnam / yadA ca ni:svabhAvaM vijJAnaM tadA niHsvabhAvavijJAnasamprayuktA saMjJA niHsvabhAveti sthitam // 23 // 324 _CSV: anaah| Azcaryametat / na cendriyANAM kathamapi viSayagrahaNa sambhAvyate utpadyate[cacakSa : pratItya rUpANi ca vijnyaanmiti| ucyate / kimetadevAcayaM tvayA dRSTam / idaM kiM nAzaya yantra niruddhAbAniruvAda bojAdapurodayo yujyte| utpadyate ca bIjaM pratItyA gurH| tathA tasyopacitasya karmaNo niruddhasya na kvacidavasthAnaM smbhvti|1 12 kalpazatasahasrAntarita mirodhAdapi karmaNaH sAkSA'"dutpadyata eva phalam / ghaTAdayazca svakAraNAt tattvAnyatvena vicAryamANA na smbhvnti| tathApyupAdAya prajJaptyA madhUdakAdInAM" sandhAraNAharaNAdikriyAniSpAdana yogyA bhvnti| tadevam / 1 See p. 194, note9. 2 In X read nad for nas. 3 Tib. hbras. See MVt (Chinese-Sanskit-Tibetan Vocabulary) 9487. * Tib.-abhavat (med pahi phyir. See p. 194, note 4. 5 In X add ma after na chun. See MV, p. 46. 6 Tib. ad. purvavat. 7 Tib. miston z'in yod par hgyur bahi; HPS bunya sambhuti. Here in Tib. follow four verses quoted from some work the introductory line being uktam hi bhagavata (bcom Idan hdas kyisdeg gsuns so|I). HPS om. them. . Tib. om. tvayadrstam. 10 Tib. anirudhyamanad for aniruddhad (hgag bz'in pahi). 11 For krtasyasambhavati Tib. krtam upacitam karma nirudhyaticiram praptam na kvacid avatisthate (byas sin bsags pani las thgaga nas yun sin tu rin por lon pa la bgah yan gnas pa med modkyill).. 12 Tib. ad. kintu (hon kyan). 18 For kalpa satasahasra- Tib. anekakalpa- (bakal padu mas). 14 Tib. vastutah (dhos su). 15 T'ib. ad. vividham (rnam pa ltar). 10 For na sambhavanti Tib. na bhavanti (yod pa ma yin mod). 17 Tib. degdakadugdhanam (ho ma). 18 Tib. om. -nispadana..

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196 CATUHSATAKA [325 gan tshe mkhas la sa sten na no mtshar can min can med pa de tshe dban rtogs de hdra la ya mtshan z'es bya ci z'ig yod || 24 || * yadA na kiJcidAzcayaM viduSAM vidyate bhuvi| indriyANAM gatAvevaM tadA ko nAma vismayaH // 24 // CSV: kArya hi svkaarnnmnuviddhdRshyte| yathA' gorgorakhAdazva: zAle: zAlirityAdi / bhUtAnAM rUpazabdAdInAM ca vidhireSa na dRzyate / tathA hi| kAyendriyagrAhyatvAnmahAbhUtAnya shraavnnaani| tebhyazcAkSuSaM rUpaM zrAvaNaH zabda utpadyata iti| parametadAzcaryam / evaM ghrANAdiviSaye cakSa rAdiSu ca yojyam / atha vA naiveyamindriyANAmarthagativismayakAraNaMm / yadi haundriyANAmeva kevalamarthagatA vetacitrA syAttadaitahismayasthAnam / yadA tu sarvameva yathoditena nyAyena jaga hiduSAM vismayakaramindrajAlamiva tadA nedamAzcaryam / pradezatti hi kiJcidasambhAvanIyamupalabhyamAnaM vismayakaraM jAyate na sarvatreva tulyruupm| na hyagneroSaNA vismayAyeti // 24 // 325 CSV: ata evAniyatasvarUpatvAdyathApratyayaM tathA tathA viparivarta. mAnavAhiduSAm / mgal mehi hkhor lo sprul pa dan rmi lam sgyu ma chu zla dan | khug sna nan gi brag cha dan | smig rgyu sprin dan mtshun srid pa || 25 || rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las dban po dan don dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste rab tu byed pa bcu gsum paho| In a V ba for pa. In c Vx of CSV khu rna for khug sna ; V wrongly grug for brag; and V with Vx of CS ca for cha. In d all srid pa mtshuns for mtshuns srid pa. 1 Tib.dper na; HPS om. it. * Tib. la sogs pa lta bu yin na3; HPS degityadinam bhudeg. 3 Tib. yujyate (rigs so).. * Before abravanani HPS ad. aciksupani. 5 For -gatau Tib. dam pa (=sat) which does not give any suitable sense. One may read here rtogs as before. 6 In X for grol read hgro.

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3251 197 CHAPTER XIII * alAtacakranirmANasva pramAyAmbucandra kaH / dhUmikAntaHpratizzulkAmaroyambhaiH samo bhavaH // 25 // / yogAcAra catuHzataka indriyArthabhAvanAsandarzanaM nAma trayodazaM prakaraNam // 13 // CSV: yathA sajvalana'syendhanasyAzubhrAmyamANasya tgtdrshnvipryaasnibndhntvaanyckraakaaroplbdhirbhvti| na ca tatrAsti cakrasvarUpalezo'pi / yathA ca nirmitAH samAdhipratyayasambhUtAH striyaH sadbhUtAH striya iva kAminAM saMna shheturbhvnti| munibhirnimANasamAdhibalenA nirmitamunisvarUpAH mastamunisvabhAvarahitA [api] sadbhUtA munaya iva sattvAnAmazeSajanmamano'ndhakArobalanena svrgaapvrgmaargheturbhvnti| te tu cittacaittendriya rahitatvAnna sadbhUtAH / yathA ca nidrA'samprayukta vijJAnasamAyuktAtmabhAvapratyayaH svamAtmabhAvo jAgradAtmabhAva svAtmani nehvipryaasnibndhnH| sa cAsadbhUtaH prabuddhasya tathA darzanAbhAvAt / yathA ca mAyAkArayantra nibandhanA mAyAkkata yuvatayastatsvarUpAnabhijJAnAM cittamohanaparA eva sadbhUtastrIzUnyA jaaynte| yathA ca jalacandraH sadbhUtacandrazUnyaH pratItyasamutpAdabalAttathotpadyamAnazcandraviparyAsanibandhano bhavati bAlAnAm / yathA ca pratItyasamutpAdabalAdeva tathAvidhakAladezanimittAni pratItya dhamikA jAtA vidUrasthAnAM sadbhUtadhUmaviparyAsanibandhanA bhvti| yathA ca girigahvara'kandarA dInA mantaH pratizrutkA pratItya jAyamAnA sadbhutazabdAbhimAnaM janayati janAnAm / yathA ca marIcikA deza kAlavize SasannihitAdityarazmipratyayA jalasvarUpaviviktA ghidUrasthAnI jalaviparyAsaM janayati / yathA cAbhrANi 1 Tib. me dan bcas pabi; HPS sajalasya. 2.2 Tib. sprul pahi tin ne hdzin gyi rkyen las byun bahi bud med dag yod par bgyur babi bud med rnams ltar hdod chags can rnams la kun nas non mons pahi rgyur bgyur z'in|l hub pa rnams kyis sprul pahi tin ne hdzin gyi stobs kyis sprul pahi thub pahi ran gi no bo ned in yod par gyur pahi thub pahi ran bz'in dan bral barnams bden par gyur pahi thub a dag Itar skye ba ma lus pahi yid kyi mun pa hjoms pa na sems can rnams kyi mtho ris an byan grol gyi lam gyi rgyur bgyur la || HPS nirmananisanadhivisesapratyayasamud bhu. ani vicitra kriyavicesaniepadanat Sadbhutayogisam jnadareanamanoviparyasad atpada yanti. Tib. om. -indriya-. * HPS ad. yoginam. Or svapna-, Tib. gnid ; HPS siddha-. * For kyis in rnam par mi bes pa rnams kyis in X read kyi. 7 Tib. tshan tshin (gahana). a Tib. kandaradari (ri khrod kyi sul dai). * Tib. rlun gi zab rnams kyi (=vatagambhiranam ?). For girio dinam HPS girigh varo. laradinam. 10-Tib. om. it. 11 Tib. skye bo rnams la; HPS avidusam. " For pratyaya Tib. inx rten for which read rkyen.

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198 CATUHSATAKA [325 vidUrataH parvatAdyAkAraM vipryaasmupjnynti| evamaviduSAM yathAvatpratItyasamutpAdasvabhAvAkuzalAnAmavidyAviparyAsAkSiptakarmapratyayo vijJAnAdijanma saMsArasaha bAhyena bhAjanena' [jAyamAno'lAtacakrAdiva] maSAmoSadharmakaH svabhAvazUnya eva san bAlajanavisaMvAdakaH prtibhaati| viditadharmasvabhAvAya sarvatraiva saGgaparikSayAdimuktimAzritA] bhavantIti khitametadalAtacakrAdivaniHsvabhAvaH saMsAra iti // 25 // 1 In X add mi before mkhas. Tib. hkhor ba (hkhor ba rnam par ses pala sogs pahiskye ba); HPS degjanmasagarab. . Tib. phyirol gyisnod dan boas par%3; HPS sa bahyena * Tib. skye bz'in pa mgal mehi hkhor lo la sogs pa Itar. HPS has a lacuna here. 5 Tib, zad pas rnam par grol ba la brten par. * The skt. text as in HPSends here, but in Tib.follows here along passage. * The Karika is quoted in MV, pp. 173, 552. Cf. (i) mayamaricisvapnodakacandrapratigrutkapratibh sopa masarvadharmanay a vati. rpah. LV,x, p. 181. (ii) prati bhasa bimbamayabhta'maricya supiaona tu | alatacakragandharvaprati. brutkasamodbhavah || LA, IX, 173. / (iii) gandharvanagarasvapnamayanirmapasadrsah | Op. cit. x, 144. See MV, pp. 334, 419. Mi In (ii) the printed text reads deg mayabhadeg for mayabhra'.

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CHAPTER XIV MATHAR HDZIN PA DGAG PA BSGOM PA BSTAN PA antagrAhapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam 326 do .. CSV : anaah| yadi pratItyasamutpannatvAdalAtacakrA divatriHkhabhAvo bhavaH kasya tarhodAnI svbhaavo'stu| na kasyacitpadArthasya svabhAvaH zakyaH kalpayitum / tathAvidhasya padArthasya sarvathAnupalabhyamAnatvAt / tathA hi dnos po gan z'ig gz'an hgah lahan || rag las pa z'ig mi hgyur na deni bdag nid hgrub hgyur na ! de ni gan lahan yod ma yin||1|| In 6. V lus for las; V and Vx of CS pa ni for pa z'ig, and nahan for lahan in d. * AyattaM yasya bhAvasya bhavennAnyatra kutracit / . sidhyettasyAstitA nAma kacitsa ca na vidyate // 6 // _CSV : yadi hi kasyacitpadArthasya niSyattau kvacitkiJcidAyattaM na syAttadAsyAparAyattasya svatantrasya svata eva vyavasthitatvAtsvabhAvato'stitvaM kalpayitu yuktam / na tveSa sambhavo'sti yahetupratyayajanmanAM parAyattatA na syAt / pahetuko vA padArthaH kshcitsmbhvediti| yatazcaivaM niheM tuka [ tva- prasaGgAt kasyacit padArthasya kvacitsvarUpaM nAsti tammAnAsti kasyacitsvabhAvaH / khabhASAbhAJcAlAtacakrAdi vavAsti khabhAvasiddhi riti sthitam // 1 // 327 _CSV : yadi cAmo padAthA alAtacakrAdi vad visaMvAdakA ityavastukA na syustadA niyatamupapattyA vicAryamANA jAtarUpAdivatspaSTatara| Before -adideg Tib. ad. -nirmapasvapna- (sprul pa dan rmi lam). 3 Tib.ad. bhavasya (diios po). Tib. om. idanim. * Literally Tib., too, has no -tva- (id), but it is to be supplied as HPS has done. s In x read hgah zig for hgahi rin (?). 6 Tib. hkhor lola Bogs; HPS om. -adi-. According to Tib. the compound is to be explained as avabhavena siddhih (ran bz'iin gyis grub pa). One may, however, read gyi for gyis. & Before -adi. Tib. ad, -nirmana- (sprul pa). * Tib. balu ba33; HPS vaisamvadaka visamvadakatvad avastuka.

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200 CATUHSATAKA [327 mupalabhyamAnasvarUpAH syuH| na caite vicArAgnisaMtApitA viparyAsa nibandhanatvAt svarUpAbhAvaM nAsAdAyanti / na hi vastUpapattirahitaM. yujyte| sarvathA tasya visaMvAdakatvAt / ata evAcAryo vastubhinivezazithilIkaraNAyAtaH para yathA ca ghaTAdInAM svarUpa na sambhavati tthoppttimaah-| gzugs nid bum z'es gcig ma yin | gzugs ldan bum gz'an yod min pa ! bum pa la gzugs yod min z'in gzugs la bum pa yod ma yin || 2 || * rUpameva ghaTo naikyaM ghaTo nAnyo'sti rUpavAn / na vidyate ghaTe rUpaM na rUpe vidyate ghaTaH // 2 // CSV : iha yadi ghaTo nAma kazcityadArthaH syAtsa darzanendriyagrAhyatvAdrUpA dena vA parikalpito'bhedena' vaa| tatra tAvada rUpameva ghaTo naikyam / na yadeva rUpaM sa eva ghaTa iti rUpaghaTayoraikyaM na bhavati / yadi hi rUpaghaTayorekyaM syAttadA yatra yatra rUpaM tatra tatra [ ghaTa i ] ti savatraiva rUpe ghaTaH syaat| pAkajaguNotpattau rUpavinAze ghaTavinAzaH syaat| na caitat sambhavatIti rUpameva ghaTa iti nAstye ktvm| athaitadoSaparijihorSayA rUpAdanyo ghaTo rUpavAn parikalpeta tadyathArthAntarabhUtairgomirgomAn devadatta iti / etdpyyuktm| yasmAda ghaTo nAnyo'sti ruupvaan| . yadi rUpAdanyo ghaTa: syAtsa1 rUpanirapekSo rhyet| na hi gobhyo vyatirito devadatto govyatirekeNa na graahyte| tahabaTo'pi rUpanirapekSo gRhyet| na ca grAhyata ityato rUpazyatirikto ghaTo nAsti / yadA ca nAsti kathamavidyamAna stahattayA graahyte| na hyavidyamAno vadhAtanayo gomAniti 1 Tib. ad. -matra- (tsam) after viparyasa-. . Tib. dhos po ni hthad pa dan bral ba ma yin te | HPS deg vastdpapattyapi. 3 Tib. om. it. * Tib. avisamvadaktvat (mi bslu ba iiid yin pahi phyir). s In x read chad for ched. * In x read de for da. * In X add tha between mi and dad. * Tib. sambhavati (srid). * HPS3; and it is supported by Tib. (bum paho zes). 10 Tib. tatha hi (hdi ltar). 11 Tib.de; HPS svarupa'. 1. In x read bltos or ltos for rtog. 11 Tib. yod pa ma yin pa ; HPS asamvidyamanao.

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328] CHAPTER XIV 201 bpdishyte| evaM rUpavAn ghaTa ityapi na yujyte| anyatvAsambhavAdeva ca rUpaghaTayorAdhArAdheyakalpanAyA api nAsti siddhiriti na vidyate ghaTe rUpa na rUpe vidyate ghaTaH / / rUpaghaTayoranyatve sati ghaTe rUpamiti syAtkuNDa iva ddhi| rUpe'pi ghaTa iti syAtkaTa iva devdttH| na caitatsambhavatIti nAsti ghaTaH svabhAvataH / yasya ca nAsti svabhAva 'upalabhyate ca tdlaatckraadivsbhaavshuunym| yathA ca ghaTaH svabhAvato nAsti tathA sarvabhAvA api svabhAvato mRgyamANA na mantIti sihA bhavatyalAtacakrAdi prakhyatA bhavasya // 2 // 328 CSV : prvaahureke| yadyapi rUpaghaTayo[ranyatvaM na sambhavati tathApi bhaavghttyornytvmsti| yasmAdanya eva ghaTo'smAka manyeva' ca sttaa| sattA hi nAma mahAsAmAnya ghaTazca vishessH| dravyaM sattAyogAtsaditi vyapadizyata iti / tAn prtyucyte-| gnis mtshan mi mthun mthon nas ni gal te dios las bum gzan na | ma yin de ltar duos po yan | bum pa las gz'an cis mi hgyur||3|| In c Vx of CSV pohon for po yon. __ * vailakSaNyaM dayodRSTvA bhAvAdanyo ghaTo yadi / . na, "bhAvo'pi ghaTAdanyo kimevaM na bhaviSyati // 3 // . - CSV : ghaTAdidravyANAmanupravRttilakSaNatvAtsAmAnya bhaavH| vyAvRttisakSaNatvAcca ghaTo vizeSalakSaNa iti| yadi tayorvalakSaNyaM bhAvaghaTayodRSTyA 1 Inx read grub for gyur. * Tib. ril bar (X la bar) z'on dan z'o Itar=kunde kundadadhivat. * Tib. wrongly ad. na (min). . Before -adi Tib. ad. -nirmana (sprul ba). Tib. gz'an nid mi srid mod kyi de lta na yao dnos po dan bum pa ghis la *Tib. ad. darsane (1tar na). Tib. gz'an nid ; HPS anyathaiva. .See kari bhadra's vrtti on the Nyayapravesa (GOS), p. 29 : tatra param satta bhavo mahasatteti cocyate. Generally it is known as parasamanya. See Pre. bastapada -bhasya with the Nyayakandali, pp. 311-313. Tib. ad. tasya (de ni). Accorcing to it the sentence is : ghatat ca viteso dravyam | tesyasattayogatdeg(degla bum pa ni khyad par gyirdzas yin la|de niyod padan hbrel balasdegI). 10 It refers to the Vai sesikas. 1 The actual reading in HPS is ghatad anyo no bhavo'pi. But it does not give any snita ble sense, nor is supported by Tib. HPS samanyo. 26

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202 CATUHSATAKA [329 bhAvAdanyo ghaTo bhavatyevameva vailakSaNyAdbhAvo'pi kimartha ghaTAdanyo' na bhvissyti| tatazcAnyabudvidhvanipravRtti nimittamanyatvamaparamanupravRttilakSaNaM na klpyitvym| vailakSaNyAdevAnyabudvidhvanipravRti siddheH / . kalpAte cAparamanyatvamiti / nAsti tarhi bhaavghttyo|lkssnnyaapekssmnytvm| tatazca yaduktaM vailakSaNyaM dUyodRSTvA bhAvAdanyo ghaTa iti tn| yathA ca bhAvo'nupravRttilakSaNatvAiTAdanya evmnytvmpynuprvRttilkssnntvaaittaadnytsyaat| na ca tasyAnyatvasyAparamanyabudvidhvanipravRtti nimittamasti / yadi syAdanyatvAnAmaparyavasAnadoSaH syaat| atha vinaivAnyatvenAnyabuddhiranyatve bhvti| tahadevAnyatrApi sambhAvyatAmityalamanyatvenAkiJcitkaraNa kalpitena / asati cAnyatve nAsti kutazcitkasyacidanyatvamiti siddhm| api cedaM cintyte| kimbhUtAyAH sattAyA anyatvena yogo'stu / kimanyabhUtAyA ananyabhUtAyA vaa| yadyanyabhUtAyAsta dA vyartho'nyatvena yogaH / athaannybhuutaayaaH| evamapi viruddhenAnyatvena yogAdanyatvena yogo na prApnoti / anyatvAbhAvAcca ghaTAdanyo bhAva iti na yujyte| tatazca' loke viparyAsa pramANIkRtya ghaTatvarUpameva saDu vidhvanipravRttinimittatvAdbhAva iti vyvsthaapyte| tasya ca rUpAccaturdhA vicAryamANasya nAsti svabhAva iti tattvavidapekSayAlAtacakrAdivatsvabhAvazUnyo ghaTa iti siddham // 3 // 329 CSV : atrAha / vidyata eva ghaTo gunnaashrytvaat| na san guNAzrayo dRssttH| bhavati ca guNAzrayo ghttH| eko ghaTo hau ghaTAviti / ekatvAdayo guNapadArthasaMgrahItA ghaTazca drvym| dravyAdhayitvaM ca guNAnAM sambhavatIti / ato guNAtrayatvAdastyeva ghaTa iti| atrocyte| tvnmten-| 1 Tib. dnos po yan bum pa las ; HPS 'vailaksanyad ghatad api kimartham bhavo'nyo. 1 In the second half of the karika there are two negatives, but the commentary in both the texts, Skt. and Tib., takes only one of them. The karika may be explained as follows: If you say having seen the diverseness of them two that the ghata is different from bhava, then we may reply: no; for in that case why is it that bhava, too, will not be different from ghata * TiD. om. pravrtti. * Tib. om. iti. See note 5. * HPS anyatvam iti nasti | tarhi bhavai]. Tib. anyatvam atha bhavaghatayor. anyatvah nasti tatahi...(gz'an iiiddeg | ho nadiios po dan bum pa dag ladeggzan iiidyod pa ma yin no | dehi phyirdeg|). * Tib.om.yad uktam. 7 Tib. om. it. * Tib. vioa ryamape (dpyad pa na). * Tib. bum pa ni; HPS ghatas cn.

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329] CHAPTER XIV 203 gal te gcig bum mi hdod na ! bum pahan gcig tu mi hgyur rol Idan hdi mtshuns pahan ma yin pal des kyan gcig tu mi hgyur ro|| 4 || In c Vx of CSV ni for hdi. * eko yadi ghaTo naSTo ghaTo'pyeko na jAyate / na cAyaM smyoyogstenaapyeko na jAyate // 4 // CSV : padArthabhedAdyayeko ghaTo na bhavatIti manyase ghaTo'pi tahAko na bhvti| yathaikatva'mekasaMkhyA ghaTo na bhavatyevaM dravyatvenai kasaMkhyAyAH pRthagbhUtatvAiTo'myeko na bhvti| hitvAditi bhAvaH / api cAsya ghaTasyaikarUpasya vaika saMkhyA parikalpAte 'nekarUpasya vaa| yadyekarUpasya tadA vyarthe vaiktvklpnaa| athAnekarUpasya tadApi viruddhtvaadyuktiiv| tasmAlloke ghaTasvarUpasyai vAsannihitArthAntarasyaika[va]kalpanA vije yaa| atha dravyAzrayiNo guNA iti kRtvaikatvayogAhaTa aivako bhavati na tvekatvaM ghaTo' bhavatIti' / pratrocyate na cAyaM samayoryogastenApye ko na jAyate // yogo nAma samayoreva na viSamayoH / tatraikaguNo dRSTo ghaTaH / ' dravyaguNayozca samatA yasmAnna bhavati tasmAttayoryoga eva na bhvti| yogAbhAvAt tatra yadiSTamake tvayogAvaTa evaiko bhavatIti tnn| yadi cAtra yogo dRSTastadaikenApi ghaTasya yogaH syATenApyekasya / 10 sa ca nevaM sambhavatIti yoga evAnayornopapadyate / yogAbhAvAcca naiveko ghaTo bhavatIti na ghaTo'pyeka iti| 1 Tib.ad. idam (de). Tib. dvitvadivad (gfiis oid la soge pa bz'in no). . Tib. om. asya. * HPS ca for va. 5 HPS "kalpe vaneka. * Tib bum par; HPS, byartha (7). . Tib. ad. iti or iti cet (z'es na). Tib. ad. yatha yogo dvistha ity ubhayor api bhratror bhratstvasam bandha iti na kincid anucitamiva. ekaghatau tu na samau, ghata evaikatvayogad, ckatve ca ghatayegat. guna dra vya srayina ity abhyupagamat (dper na ldan pa gnis la gnas pas spun goi ka la yan spun zla nid dan hbrel ba yin gyi gan yan run ba ni ma yin pa bz'in no ll goig dan bum pa gnis ni mtshuns pa ma yin te bum pa kho na gcig nid dan Idan pahi phyir la gcig nid bum pa dan mi ldan pahi phyir te lyon tan rnams ni rdzas la brten paho z'es khas blans pahi phyir ro||). * Tib. mthon la bum pa ni; HPS ghatas ca dravyam. 10 After tada Tib. ghatasyapy ekena yogo 'eparsasyapy anekenayogah syat (bum pa yan geig dan idan par bgyur ba ma rig kyan du ma ldan par hgyur nall). 11 Tib. srid pa yan ma yin pas ; HPS bhavatiti. " Tib. na bhavatiti (med pas) for nopadeg. 13 Tib. om. it..

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204 CATUHSATAKA [330 tadatra pUrvAna kArikAyA' yomamabhyupatya duussnnmuktm| uttarAIna tu yogAsambhave. duussnnmuktm| apizabdazca dRSaNakAraNasamuccayArtho draSTavyaH // 4 // . 330 CSV : api cedamayuktataraM parasamaye dRzyate yadvyAyiNo guNA vyavasthApyante na guNAyiNo vishessgunnaaH| yujyate ca guNAnAmapi gunnaayitvm| vaha yatparimANo ghaTasta dAyiNApi' rUpeNa tAvataiva bhvitvym| tatasa dravyavadrUpasyApi mahattvaM praapotiiti-| gan tshe rdzas ji tsam gzugs na | de tshe gzugs chen ci ste min | gal te phyir rgol gz'an min na| . gz'un lugs bsnad par bya bar hgyur || 5 | In a Vx of CSV adds de after tshe ; for ji all excepting Vx of CSV once ci. * yAvaddavyaM yadA rUpaM tadA rUpaM mahanna kim / samayo jAyate vAcyaH prativAdyaparo yadi // 5 // CSV : yadA yAvaddayaM yAvAn dravyasyAyAma vistArAtmakaH sanivezasvatAvadrUpaM rUpasyApi tAvAnavAyAmavistArAtmakaH saniveza iti paraNAbhyupagamyate' tadA niyatamaNumahati dravye rUpeNApi tatrANu mahatA bhavitavyam / tatkiM nu' khakhata kAraNaM yahavyavadrupasyANumahattve nessyete| atha syAdrUpaM guNo'Nu tvaM mahattvamapi ca guNa ev| na ca guNe guNasya sabivezo bhavatIti samaya esso'smaakm| tatazca yadyapi yAvad dravyaM rUpamapi tAvadeva tathApi siddhAntavirodhabhayAdrapasyANutvamahave na sta iti| ucyate / __ samayo jAyate vAcyaH prativAdyaparI yadi // yadi hi tava svayUthya eva prativAdI syAttaM nirvatayitu yuktaM tava siddhaantaabhidhaanm| tasya taM bAdhitu sAmarthyAt / ' yadA tu prativAdI parasta 1 Tib.om. it. . Tib. yogasambharena, lit. yogasambhavadvarena (ldan pa mi srid pahi sgo naa), * Tib. dehi rten can gyi; HPS tadafrayenapi. Mark that apara does not mean here 'other' as is generally known, but not other' na parah). The Tib. is very clear : gz'an min=na parah. In X read dkyus (ayama) for kyis. . Tib. lit. abhyupagamakale (khas blans pahi tshe). HPS na. .Tib. rdzas bz'in dudeg, HPS dravyarupasya. * As supported by Tib. (de la gnod par nus pas). Hiy PS tad adhitum asamarthyat. 10 In X read yin na ni de la for what appears there to be bn la mid la.

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205 331] CHAPTER XIV prati sihAnsavirodhodbhAvanamakiJcitkaraM siddhAntanirAkaraNapravRttattvAttasya / muktilokavirodhodbhAvanaM tu taM prati jyAyastadvAraNa tasya nivartayitu zakyatvAt / tasmAdaparihAra evAyaM yadidamAgamavirodhodbhAvanamiti sa evAvicalo doSa iti nAsti bhaavghttyornytvm| tadava sattAnyatvapratiSedhenAnyeSAmapi ghaTatvAdInAM sAmAnyavizeSANAM pratiSedho vinna yaH saMkhyAvasAmAnyaguNAnAM mahatvavavizeSaguNAnA miti // 5 // 331 CSV: atraah| ukto bhAvasya ghaTA dibhyo'nytvprtissedhH| ghaTasya tu svabhAvApratiSedhAdasyeva svarUpato ghaTAkhyo bhAva iti| atro'cyate mtshan nid kyis kyan mtshan gzi ni gan du grub pa yod min pa der ni grans sogs tha dad par dios po yod pa ma yin no || 6 || * lakSaNenApi lakSyasya yatra siddhirna vidyte| ___ saMkhyAdivya tirekeNa tatra bhAvI na vidyate // 6 // CSV: iha ghaTasattvayorvyAvRttyanuvRttilakSaNa avatA ghaTasya vyAvRtti lakSaNaM vyavasthApitaM prnn| tadamunA lakSaNenApi lakSyasya nAsti siddhiH| na hi vyAvRttimAtreNa zakyaM vastusvarUpaM nidhArayituM yalacyatayA setsyati / ekastAvaguNatvAhaTo na bhvti| aNuma haditi rUpAdayazca guNatvAdeva ghaTAkhyAna bhvnti| sattApi dravyaguNakarmasu sAmAnyAhaTo na bhavati / tadayaM saMkhyANamahadrUpAdibhyo vyAvartamAna ityaM svabhAva iti na zakyaM vyavasthApayitum / tadevaM yatra paravAdipakSe lakSaNenApi lakSya stha ghaTasvarUpasya nAsti siddhistatra pakSe saMkhyAdivyatirekeNa siddasvarUpaNa ghaTAkhyo bhAvo na vidyate / tatazca svabhAvazUnyo ghaTa iti sicm| atha vA saMkhyAdayo ghaTasya lkssnnm| tailakSyamANatvAvaTo lakSyaH / tasya lakSaNenApi pRthaka svarUpasiddhi razaka saMkhyAdivyatirekeNa 1 For -pravrttatvat Tib. -cittatvat (thugs pahi phyir). * Tib. bye brag gi yon tan rnams: HPS visesanam. * Tib. bum padeg : HPS patadeg. Tib. om. atra. 5 Tib. ad. tat- (de). * Tib. degkarmanam (deglas rnams kyi). . Tib. om. siddha-. . Tib.ekadha (rnam pageig tu). * Tib.om. it. 10 Tib. -gusiddhi, reading legs (X logs) su grub. 11 Tib. nusti (yod pa ma yin te) for a sakyao.

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206 CATUHSATAKA [333 ttsvruupsyaanuplbhymaantvaat| yadi hi tallakSya svarUpaM labhate tadA niyata saMkhyAdivyatirekeNa grAhyatedaM tasaMkhyAdi vyatirikta ghaTasvarUpa midaM punarasya saMsthAdika lkssnnmiti| na caitadevamityato lakSaNenApi lakSyasya yatra sidina vidyte| __ saMkhyAdivyatirekeNa tatra bhAvo na vidyate // iti nAsti svabhAvato ghttH||6|| 332 - CSV: uktstaavlkssylkssnnyornytvprtissedhH| yeSAM tu rUpAdibhirghaTasyaikyamiti siddhaantstprtissedhaayedmucyte-| mtshan nid rams dan so so ni min phyir bum pa gcig ma yin ' re reni bum pa med na ni man iiid hthad par mi hgyur ro || 7 || * ghaTasya na bhavedaikyamapRthatvAdi lakSaNaiH / / ekaikasmin ghaTAbhAve bahutvaM nopapadyate // 7 // CSV : rUpAdIni khalu nAnAlakSaNAni yeSAM tairapRthakvaM* ghaTasyeSTam / teSAM rUpAdibhilakSaNairapRthakvAda ghaTasyai kyaM noppdyte| bahubhirananyatvAt / syAttatra matam / yadi ghaTasyai kya na bhavati hanta bahutvaM praaptmiti| atrocyte| yasmAdrUpAdiSkekaikasmin ghaTasthAbhAvo dRSTastasmAihutvamapi nAstIti // 7 // 333 . CSV : prvaah| yadi rUpAdibhilakSaNairapRthaklAiTasyaikyaM nAsti teSAM parasparasaMyogAhaTasyai kyaM bhaviSyatIti atrocyate / reg ldan reg dan mi ldan dan | Ihan cig sbyor ba z'es bya med desi phyir gzugs sogs rnams sbyor ba | rnam pa kun tu rigs mi yin |J8 || 1 Tib. la sogs: HPS om. adi.. . For ghataavaripam Tib. svarupepa (rangi ho bos). * Tib. Bamkhyadi vyatiriktam (grans la soge pa las tha dad par). Tib. B0 80 ma yin pa nid du; HPS prthaktvam. Tib. ad. dar bane. . Tib. do 80 ma yin pahi phyir ; HPS aprthaktvam.

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334] CHAPTER XIV 207 In b and c V wrongly spyor for sbyor. In c V and Vx of CS de for dehi. In d Vx of CSV ad. hdi between tu and rigs. ___ * na hyasparzavato nAma yogaH sparzavatA sh| rUpAdInAmato yogaH sarvathApi na yujyate // 8 // _CSV : tatra spaSTiH sparzaH kaayendriygraadytaa| sparzo 'syAstauti sparzavat / praSTavyameva kAyendriyagrAhyatvAt sparza vt| tena sparzavatA spaSTavyena rUparasagandhAnAmasparzavatAM yogaH saMyogaH saMspartho na smbhvti| yathA ghaTasyAkAzena / yata etadevaM rUpAdInAmato yogaH sarvaprakAraM na smbhvti| yadA ca na sambhavati tadAnyonyasaMsparzakatAdrapAdInAM vizeSAtmamudAyanibandhano ghaTa iti yaduktaM tanna yuktam // 8 // 334 ___CSV : atha vinApyanyonyasaMsparzana tatsamudAya eva ghaTa iti syaat| etadapi nAsti / ysmaat-| gzugs ni bum pahi yan lag stel des na re z'ig de bum min | gan phyir yan lag can med pa des na yan lag kyan yod min ||9 In 6 Vx of CSV de ni for des na. In d V wrongly yon for yod. * ghaTasyAvayavI rUpaM tena tAvatra tahaTaH / .. yasmAdavayavo nAsti tena nAvayavo'pi tat // 8 // ___CSV : rUpAdisamudayarUpasya ghaTasya pratyeka rUpAdayo'vayavabhUtatvAda ghaTavyapadezabhAjo na bhvnti| ghaTo'vayavI avayavAzca rUpAdaya iti rUpa tAvadavayavatvAiTo na prApnoti / yathA ca rUpamevaM gandhAdayo vAyAH / nanu ca rUpasyAvayavatvAdasti tAsAvavayavI nAma kazcit / na yavayavinarapekSA avayavA yujyanta iti / ucyte| iha rUpAdaunAM pratyeka ghaTatvAbhAva' 1 Tib. so' (de) for sparso'. * In X read de for what seems to be re. * HPS asparba vata. * Tib. yadaivam (gangi tshe de ltar yin pa) for yadadeg sambhavati. . Tib. lit. tatha hi (hdi ltar), but often the Tib. phrase is used for yasmat. . Tib. lit. bhavati (yin). In X read med for de.

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208 CATUHSATAKA 1336 kutaH kshcidssyvii| mahi rUpAdivyatirekeNAvayavI nAma paricchettu paaryte| na cAparicchidyamAnasvarUpasya sattvamAsthAtu shkymitysnnvyvo| yasmAcAvayavI nAsti tasmAdrUpamavayavatvenApi na sambhAvyata iti na sta evAvayavAvayavinau // 8 // 335 CSV : itava rUpAdisamudAyo na ghttH| yasmAt / gzugs rnams kun lahan gzugs nid nil mtshan nid mi mthuo ma yin no gcig la bum pa yod hgyur zin | gz'an dag la min rgyu ci z'ig | 10 In a V and Vx of CS la for lahan. In b V na for no. * sarveSAmapi rUpANAM ruuptvmvilkssnnm| . .. ekasya ghaTasadbhAvo nAnyeSAM kiM nu kAraNam // 10 // In d for kim nu as required and supported by Tib. HPS kim na which is followed by V. ____CSV : sarveSAmapi rUpANAmiti rUpaskandhasaMgrahItatvAdrpagandhAdayo rUpANItyucyante / tAni rUpANi ghaTa iva paTAdiSvapi snti| na ca tAni ghaTAdibhede'pi skhalakSaNaM vybhicrnti| sarvatraiva tulylkssnntvaat| tava yathaikasya rUpasya ghaTatvenAvasthAna tathAnyasyApi paTAdi sambandhino rUpasya kasmAda ghaTakhenAvasthAnaM neyte| yujyate tu tasyApi ghaTavenAvasthAnaM lakSaNAbhedAda ghttaa'vsthitruupaadivt| evaM tvanabhyupagame kAraNa meva na smbhvti| tatasa sarveSAmeva ghaTatva praaproti| yahA ghaTasthApi ghaTatva na prApnoti / yathA ca ghaTAdInAmabhedaprasaGga evaM rUpagandhAdInAmapyabhedaprasaGgaH: praanoti| ekasmAda ghaTAdananyatvAt // 10 // 336 CSV : atha manyase yadyapi ghaTAdanyatvameSAM [nAstyeva tathApi] rUpasA rasAdibhyo bhedo'mti| tasmAdabhedaprasaGgAbhAva iti| etadapyayuktamiti prtipaadyvaah--| 1 Tib. om. ucyante. . Tib. snam bu la sogs : snam bu means kambala, but it is taken here in the sensa of pata. HPS ghatadi.. J Tib ghatatva Tib. rgyu: HPS karana'. Tib. thal bar. HPS om. prasabga. *TIb. mayin pa iid yin modkyilde ltar na yan%3; HPS om. it.

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338]] CHAPTER XIV 209 . To sogs dag las gzugs gz'an z'in bum las min z'es khvod hdod na de inams ma gtogs ran med gan ! de gzugs las gz'an ji Itar min 11 ___In b Vx of CSV ad. pa between brum and las and om. khyod; ind reads rtogs for gtogs in c, and gan du for de omitting las in d. * rUpamanyadrasAdibhyo na ghaTAditi te matam / svayaM yastai vinA nAsti sa nAnyo rUpataH katham // 11 // In c for sa nanyo supported by Tib. and the commentary HPS so'nanyo, and V follows it.. __CSV : yadi bhivendriyagrAhyatvAdrasAdibhyo rUpamanyAvasthApyate ghaTAdapi tadrUpamanyaditi kiM na vyvsthaapyte| rUpAdanyebhyo rasAdibhyastasyAvyatiriktAtvAdrasAdisvAtmavadrUpAdanya eva praapnoti| na cAnyatvamiSyata ityayukta metat // 11 // . 337 CSV : yadA caivaM rUpAdInAM ghaTakAraNatvaM na sambhavati tadA niyatam / bum pa la ni rgyu yod min ran nid hbras bur mi hgyur te dehi phyir gzugs sogs las gz'an du bum pa hgah yan yod ma yin ||12|| In c V and Vx of CS de for deni. * ghaTasya kAraNaM nAsti svayaM kArya na jAyate / ___ rUpAdibhyaH pRthakkazciDvaTastasmAnna vidyate // 12 // Csv : rUpAdivyatirekeNa kAryabhUtasya ghaTasyAnupalabhyamAnatvAbAsti spAdivyatirito ghaTa iti siddham // 12 // 338 * CSV : atha manyase naiva hi rUpAdyupAdAnI ghttH| ki tahi / svAvayavAni kapAlAni kAraNAnyapakSya ghaTasya kAryatvaM kapAlAnAM ca kaarnntvmiti| etadapyayuktamityudbhAvayavAha - 1 Tib. tha mi dad pahi phyir ; HPS tagya vyati'. * Tib. asaram ity ahs (snin po ined do z'en biad pa). 27

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[339 210 . CATUHSATAKA bum pa rgyi las hgrub hgyut z'in | rgyu ni gz'an las grub gyur na gan la ran las grub med pa de yis gz'an po ji Itar bskyed 13 In b Vx of CSV hopur or gyur. * ghaTaH kAraNataH siddhaH siddhaM kAraNamanyataH / sidhiryasya khato nAsti tadanyajjanayetkatham // 13 // 1 __CSV : yadi ghaTakAraNAni kapAlAni pratItya ghaTaH sidhyati tAnIdAnauM kapAlAni kimapekSya sidhyanti / na hi tAvattAni svabhAvasihAni nirhetuktvprsnggaat| atha tessaampynytkaarnnmissyte| na tarhi kapAlAnAM svruupsidhirsti| teSAmapi kAraNAntaraza rikaapeksstvaat| yeSAM ca kapAlAnAM svataHsidhirnAsti katha sAnya nyat svarUpataH sAdhayiSyantItyasan ghttH| yo'yaM ghaTapratiSedhaka vidhireSa eva sarvakAryANAmasiddhauM yojyaH // 13 // 339 CSV : prvaah| samuditAnAM rUpAdInAM ghaTAbhidhAnAba rUpAdibahutve'pi ghaTabahutvaprasaGga iti / tadapyayukta samUhasyaivAsattvAt / tathA hi-| hphrod pa hdus par gyur kyan gzugs! dri nid du ni mi hthad de des na bum pa bz'in tshogs pa! gcig nid du ni mi rigs so. | 14 | * samavAye'pi rUpasya gandhatvaM nopapadyate / ra samUhasyaikatA tena ghaTasyeva na yujyate // 14 // CSV : samuditA api rUpAdayo na samudAyAvasthA: svaM sva lakSaNe vijhti| tatazca yathA' samudAyAvasthAyAM rUpasya svarUpAparityAgAd gandhatva na sambhavatyevamanekAzrayasya samUhasyaikatvaM na smbhaavyte| ma hi samudAyo This karika is quoted in MV, p. 89 with the reading patalh for ghatab. Evidently the change is made by one not knowing the context in the original work. Tib. tada (dehi tshe). . Tib. simply yah (gan); HPS yatas cayam.. * Tib.om. it. Tib.ad. api (yan). * Compare, as Poussin has pointed out, in MV, p. 89, for the last two padas of tho kirikisan yatasaptati, Mdo,XVII, 27 b, 5. 1 Tib.ji ltar; HPS om.it. * Tib. -parideg for aparideg: rangi no bos yons su btain balue=rvarurepa parityagat.

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341] CIJAPTER XIV 211 rUpAdibhyo na vyatiriktaste ca rUpAdayaH parasyarato bhidyate / rUpAdibhyayAvyatirikAsamudAyaH kathabhekaH syAt / dRSTAntamAha ghaTasyeveti / yathA ghaTasya na bhavat pazcamapRthakAhi sakSaNa rityuta' tathehApi samUhasyAsti nekatvamapRthakSAdi lkssnneriti| evaM samUhasyai katA sena ghaTasyeva na yujyate // 14 // 340 . .. ... .. CSV : tatazca samUhasyAsanbhavAdrUpAdisamUhe'pi ghaTakalpanA na yuktaa| yathopavarNitena ca vicAraNa--- ji ltar gzugs sogs ma gtogs par | bum pa yod pa ma yin pa de bz'in rlun la sogs pa ni ma gtogs grugs kyan yod ma yin || 15 ||" * rUpAdivyatirekeNa yathA kumbho ma vidyate / vAthvAdivyatirekeNa tathA rUpaM na vidyate // 15 // : __CSV : rUpAdivyatirekeNa yathA kumbho na siddha evaM kumbhamatratyupAdAnI api rUpAdayo vAyvAdimahAbhUtacatuSTayavyatirazzeNa na yujyante / "nitukatvaprasaGgAt // 15 // ___ 341 ___CSV': yathA ca vATavAdivyatirekeNa rUpagandhAderasambhava evaM mahAbhUtAnAmanyonyavya tirekeNa siddhAbhAvAt svarupa sihprbhaavmujaavybaah-| tsha ba me nid du hgyur te | ___. . tsha ba min pa ji ltar bsreg| 1 HPS prthaktvat vilaksa maih. See karika 332 (=XIV.7). * For tatha (Tib. de bz'in du) HPS tava. * Tib. so so min phyir: HPS prthaktvadilai. * In xadd phyir after dehi .Quoted in MA, p. 244, with better rendings: gzugs la sogs pa ma gtogs par | ji ltar bum pa yod min ltar de bz'in rlun sogg ma gtogs par | gzugs kyan yod pa ma yin no !! Quoted in MV, p. 71. . Tib. ran gi no bos ; HPS ropadio

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212 CATUHSATAKA [342 des na bud sin zes bya bal yod min de med me yod min || 16|| In. 6 V wrongly bsgreg for bsreg. In d Vx of CSV om med. * agnireva bhavatyuSNamanuSNa dahyate kthm| nAsti tenendhanaM nAma tate'gnirna vidyate // 16 // CSV : ihAgnidagdhA bhUtatrayaM dAyam / tadeta dindhanAkhya bhUtatayaH magnireva dahati naanyH| indhanameva ca dahyate naanyt| tatrendhanaM yadyagni ruSNamapi dahati tadAgnireva taduSNa bhavati nendhnm| anuSNasyApi dAhAsambhavAdanuNamapi nendhanam / tadevaM sarvathApi dAhyasyAsambhavAbAsto ndhanaM nAma yada bhUtana yAtmakaM syAt / yadA caivamagnivya tirakeNendhanaM nAparaM sambhavati tadedhanAbhAve nirhetuko'pyagnirna sambhavatIti tadRte'gnirna vidyate // 16 // 342 CSV : anaah| anuSNAtmakamevendhana kAThinyAdirUpatvAt / taccoSNasvabhAvenAgninAbhibhavATuSNa bhvti| uSNa' ca sadRhyate iti| evamapi kalpAmAna indhnaakhyo''rth:-|| gal te zil mnan tsha na yan | de yan ci ste me ' mhgyur | hon te me tsha na dios gzlan | me la yod ces byar mi rup || 17 || * abhibhUto'pi yASNaH so'pyagniH kiM na jAyate / prathAnuSNaH paro'pyagnau bhAvo'stoti na yujyate // 6 // CSV : yadyagnimAbhibhUta indhanAkhyo'rtho'nuSNasvabhAvo'pya SNo bhavatIti kalpAte so'pyagnirasta SNarUpatvAt / tatazca sa evendhanAbhAvaH / athAmuSNaH paro'pyagnau bhAvo'stauti na yujyate // Tib. ad. mahi- (chen po.) 1 Tib. om. etad. . In X read sreg for chig. * Inx read mes for ches. * After nasti HPS ad, tena which is not supported by Tib. .So the Agn in dhanapariksa in MK.x. 1 Tib.ad.sah (do). HPS Pensparodeg. >> Tib. om. 18 V&.

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344] CHAPTER XIV 213 athAbhibhUto'pyasAvartho'nuSNa eveSyate sa tayagna: paro'pi bhAva indhnaaty| bhUtatrayamuSNavirudatvAdanuSyasvabhAvamagnAvastoti na yujyte| tatazca bhUtatrayarahitamamnimAtrameva syAt / na caiSAM mahAbhUtAnAmanyonyaM vinaabhaavH| yadi syAt siddhAntavirodhaya syAt / agno cAparasya padArthasya dhanAkhyasyAbhAvAn nitakatvaJcAmna : syAdityayuktametat // 17 // 343 CSV : atha manyase tejoTravyaparamANau bhUtatrayasyAbhAvAdinApondhanenAstya vaagniriti| ucyte-| gal te rdul la sin med na des na sin med me yod de gal te de lahan sin yod na 1 gcig gi bdag can rdul yod min || 18 || * indhanaM yadyaNonAsti tenAstyagniranindhanaH / agurekAtmako nAsti syAt tasyApondhanaM yadi // 18 // tatazca sa eva nirhetukatva doSaprasaGgaH / ata eva cAhatukatva doSaprasaGgAda vaizeSikANAmiva svayUthyAnA'mayukto drvyprmaakhbhyupgmH| vaizeSikaparamANu vAdazca navama eva prakaraNe niSiddhatvAna pUnaniSidhyate / pradhAgnerahetukatvaprasaGga bhautyANAvapondhanabhAvaH' parikalpeta tata: aNurakAtmako nAsti syAttasyApondhanaM yadi / yadyaNorindhanamastIti kalpAte na tarhi tejadravyaparamANurekarUpo'stItyabhyu peyam // 18 // 344 CSV : na ca kevalaM paramANoravekAtmakasyAbhAvo'STAnAM dravyAnAM sahotpAdaniyamAdapi khalu tadanyasyApi padArthasya - 1 Tib. om. it. ? Tib. na caiguin vinabhavas tasya siddhanta virodhat (hdi rnams la ni phan tahun mod Dr hbyun ba yod pa ma yin pa de hgrub pabi mthah dan bgal bahi phyir ro I). ? For sa eva Tib. tadartha ka eva (de nid kyi don du). . Tib. rgyu med can nid ; HPS "hetukadoo. 5 Tib. thal ba3; HPS simply -dosah. . Tib. rgyu nedpahid; HPS deghetukado. 7 Vaibhagikasand Sautrantikas. See Sarvasiddhanta sa mgraha, IV. iii.4: iv.4, 13. For further references see Keith: Buddhist Philosophy, 1923, p. 160, note 1. & lib. ci ste : HPS yatha. * Tib. yod par : HPS svabhavah. 10 Tib. dehi phyir; HPS om. it.

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214 CATUHSATAKA [345 dnos po gan gan yons brtag pa | de dan de la gcig nid med | gan gis gcig kyan yod min pa des na du ma dag kyan med||19|| In a Vx of CSV yan for gan before yons, and brtags for brtag; and in c yad for yod. * tasya tasyaikatA nAsti yo yo bhAvaH priikssyte| na santi tenAneke'pi yenaiko'pi na vidyate // 18 // . CSV : yathA bhUtAnAmekAtmakatvaM nAsti tditrsdbhaavaat| evaM bhautikamapi nAsti bhUtaivinAhetukatvaprasaGgAt / evaM cittena vinA caittA na smbhvnti| nApi caittairvinA cittm| tathA lakSaNairjAtyAdibhivinA lakSyaM. . rUpAdikaM naasti| nApi lakSyeNa vinA nirAzrayaM lakSaNaM / sambhavati / yatazcaivamekasya padArthasya kasyacitmidirnAsti tadaika kAnAM samudAyAbhAve satyanekasiddhirapi dUrotsAritetyAha-- na santi tenAnakepi yenaiko'pi na vidyate // ekasyApyasihau' satyAM samUditAnAmapi nAsti siddhiH // 18 // 345 / CSV: atha syaat| svayUthya pratyevaitaddUSaNamupapadyate sahotyAdaniyamAbhyupagamAt / paraM prati tu nedaM dUSaNa nityAnAM pRthivyAdiparamANu nAM tditrbhaavsdbhaavviyuktaanaamstitvenaabhyupgmaaditi| . tatrApyayuktatAmur3AvayavAha gal te gsum duos de gz'an rnams | med der gcig yod ces hdod na 1. gan gis kun la gsum nid yod | des na gcig nid yod min yin || 20 || In a for gsum Vx of CS gan la, and Vx of CSV gari na both omitting gz'an. In V and Vx of CS hdod for yod. In c for gis Vx of CSV gri. 1 Tib.ad. maha- (chen po). * Tib. de las gaz'an yod pas; HPS ta ditarasminn itarasad bhavet. : HPS ad- kevalain. * Tib. ma grub pa: HPS siddhau for asiddhau. 5 For paramo davanam Tib. simply na tu para prati (pha rol po la ni mi yin te).

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346] CHAPTER XIV 215 . * bhAvAMstrayo na santAnye tatraiko'stIti cemmatam / tritvaM yenAsti sarvatra tenaikatvaM na vidyate // 20 // . CSV: having read the first half of the karika etadapyasamyak / kiM kAraNam / tritva yenAsti sarvatra tenaikatva na vidyate // parasyApi hi na kazcideko nAma pdaartho'sti| yasmAttatrApi pRthivIparamANo dravyatvamekatvaM sattva cetyetacitayamasti / tathA guNe guNatvaM sattvatvacce ti| yasmAcitaya masti tasmAna kazcideko nAma padArtho'sti / tathA sAyasya' triguNAtmakaM sarvamityekaH kathityadArtho nAstIti na kazciduktaM' dUSaNamativartate // 20 // 346 api cAya dUSaNamArgaH sarveSAmeva vAdinA pakSatirAkaraNAya viduSA prayoktavya iti zikSayanAcArya paah-| yod dan 'med dan yod med dan | yod med min zes bya bahi tshul | __hdi ni mkhas pas gcig nid sogs | dag, la rtag tu sbyar bar bya|| 21|| In a Vx of CSV once pa for dan at the end. In d V wrongly 'pyan for sbyar. * sadasat sadasazceti sadasaveti ca kramaH / . eSa prayojyo vihabhirakatvAdiSu nityazaH // 21 // ___CSV: 'ekatvamanyatvamubhayaM nobhayamityekatvAdayaH / . etevyakatvAdiSa pakSeSu vAdinA vyavastiteSu sadasattvAdyapalakSito dUSaNakramaH svadhiyAH ythaakrmmvtaaryH| tatra satkAryavAdinaH kAryakAraNayorakatvamiti pkssH| tasya hi: kAraNAtmanA tat kAyeM yavasthitameva sat kAryAtmanA vipariNamate / na basacchakyaM karttam / yadi yasatpadyata tadA sarvataH sarvasambhavaH syAt / 1 Tib. anekam (du ma). . Tib.ad. api (yan). 3 Tib. om. uktam * Tib. hdaho: HPS iti vartato for ati'. * Tib.nd. atmatvam (bdag hid). * Tib. plural (rnams). In x read kyia for kyi. In Tib. this word is put just before svadhiya which follows. . Tib. sudhiya (blo bzan pos). . Tib. ad. darkano (ltar na). . HPSwan for asat%3; Tib. om. hy asat.

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216 CATUHSATAKA [346 na ca sarvataH sarvasambhavo dRssttH| kSIrAderiva pratiniyatadadhyAdidarzanAt / sadasya vAdinaH' kAryakAraNayorakatvAbhyupagamAtsadeva kArya mutpadyata ityevmektvpkssH| tasminnekatvapakSe satkAryavAdaparAmarzana' nityaM dUSaNamabhidheyam / taJcoktaM stambhAdInAmalaGkAro rahasyAthai nirarthakaH / satkAryameva yasyeSTam ityanena / ' tathA sambhavaH kriyate yasya prAk so'stIti na yujyate / sato yadi bhavejjanma jAtasyApi bhavedbhavaH // ' dharmo yadyavato'pyasti niyamo jAyate vRthaa| atha [ kArya kiJcidapi satkAryasya na sambhavaH // ityuktam ] de ltar mkhas pa rnams kyis hbras bu yod par smra bas ne bar mtshon pasi sun hbyin pa gcig nid kyi phyogs la sbyar bar byaho || Ibras bu med par smra ba ni rgyu dan Ibras bu dag gz'an nid du smra ba dag go || de dag gis ni yod pa skye ba don med par sems sin hbras bu med pa kho na skyeho z'es togs te de dag gi gz'an nid kyi phyogs la yan hbras bu med pas ne bar mtshan pahi sun hbyin par brjod par byaho de yan hbras bu med nid gan hdod la .. khyim gyi don du ka ba la sogs paui rgyan ni don med hgyur || z'es bsad do gan dag rgyu dan hbras bu gnis geig nid du hgyur la gz'an nid du yan hgyur ro snam du rtog pa de dag ni hbras bu yod pa dan med par smraho || de dag ni lhas sbyin srog gi bdag nid du 1 Tib. ad. darsano (ltar na). * For -paramarsena Tib.lit. -adhikaradvara or radhikaramukhena (dhan bah .xi. 15. +xI. 10. 5 XI. 12. oun zad byad niyan | hbras buyod ma mi srid do || 'es basad dol sgo nas). * Tib.

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346] CHAPTER XIV 217 inam par gnas sin lhas sbyin gyi bdag nid du rnam par mi gnas par skye bar hdod la de bz'in du gan bu dan dpun rgyan la sogs pa gser gyi bdag nid du rnam par gnas sin gan bu dan dpun rgyan la sogs pahi bdag nid du rnam par mi gnas pa rnams skye bar rtogs so || de dag gi gcig nid dan gz'an nid gni gahi phyogs la hbras bu yod pa dan med par smra ba dgag pas ne bar mtshon pahi sun hbyin pa brjod par byaho || de yan hbras bu yod nid gan hdod par z'es pa la sogs pas bsad de || rgol ba gnis kyi phyogs kyi skyon phyogs gcig la sbyar bar bya ba hdi ni khyad par * ro || i gan dag gi ltar na bum pa la sog; pahi dnos po med par ran gi rgyu dag las gcig nid dan gz'an nid du brjod du med pa dag dros po rdzasl su yod pahi rgyu can yin pa de dag la yod pa dan med par smra ba bzlog pahi sgo nas yod pa yan ma yin med pa yan ma yin pa z'es bya ba dpyad par sun hbyin pa brjod par bya ho || de yan gni ga srid na ni de dag bkag pahi sgo nas gni ga ma yin pa z'es bya bar thgyur na gan gi tshe hdi gni ga mi srid pa deni tshe gan bkag pas gnis ma yin pahi rtog par hgyur z'es don gyis bsad zin pa nid do I de Itar na go rim ji Ita ba bz'in du yod dan med dan yod med pa yod med min z'es bya bahi tshul | hdi ni mkhas pas gcig nid sogs | dag la rtag tu sbyar bar bya ||| gz'an dag ni gal te gcig nid dan gz'an nid la sogs pahi tshul kho nas dnos po rnams bkag gam hon te tshul gz'an gyis kyan yin z'e na | brjod par bya ste yod dan med dan yod med dan yod med min z'es bya bahi tshul | hdi ni mkhas pas gcig nid sogs | dag la rtag tu sbyar bar bya || yod pa dan med pa dan | yod kyan yod la med kyan med pa dan | yod pa yan ma yin med pa yan ma yin pa z'es bya bahi tshul hdi ni mkhas pa rnams kyis gcig nid la sogs pa phyogs bz'ia 1 X rjas. IX bz'in. 28

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218 CATUHSATAKA (346 la rtag tu kho na sbyar bar by aho || de la yod pa z'es bya ba ni bdag? pa z'es bya bahi don to || med pa z'es bya ba ni bdag pa ma yin pa z'es bya bahi don to Il yod kyan yod la med kyan med ces bya ba ni bdagkyan bdagi la med kyan mi bdagi ces bya bahi don to yod pa yan ma yin med pa yan ma yin z'es bya ba ni bdagpa yan ma yin mi bdag? pa yan ma yin z'es bya bahi don to gcig nid sogs dag la z'es bya ba ni gcig nid dan gz'an nid dan gni ga dan gni ga ma yin pa z'es byaho || de la gnis sam man po mams la gcig nid dam gz'an nid dan | gni ga dan gni ga ma yin pa z'ig tu hgyur gran na de la gan dag gi snam bu dan dka po gcig nid ces bya ba phyogs yin pa de la yod pa z'es bya bahi tshul hdi yul dan dus dan mtshan nid las sbyar bar byaho || de la re z'ig yul las ni gal te snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid yin na gan dan gan na dkar po yod pa de dan de na snam bu yan yod par hgyur bar bya dgos so ll gan dan gan na snam bu yod pa de dan de na dkar po han yod par hgyur bar bya dgos so ci ste gan dan gan na dkar po yod pa de dan de na snam bu yod par mi hgyur z'in | gan dan gan na snam bu yod pa de dan de na dkar po yod par mi hgyur na ni de na snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid yin no z'es gan hdod na de mi hthad de yul tha dad pahi phyir ro || dus las kyan stes de la dus ni rnam pa gsum ste | hdas pa dan ma hons pa dan da ltar rol de la hdas pa la ni hdas pahi gnas skabs kho nar snar skyes pahi dkar po mthon no || gal te snam bu dan dkar po dan gcig nid yin na ni dehi tshe gal te dkar po snar skyes na ni snam bu yan snar skyes par hgyur dgos so || ci ste snam bu phyis skyes nadkar po yan phyis skye bar hgyur dgos to il gal te dkar po snar skyes na ni da lta na snam bu phyis skye ba yin la gan z'ig snar skyes pa dan gan z'ig phyis skyes pa de dag ni gcig nid du mi hgyur te skye bahi rim pa tha dad pahi phyir ro | gz'an yan gal te snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid du hgyur na ni deni tshe dkar po z'ig na snam bu hjig par hgyur dgos la || snum bu z'ig na yan dkar po hjig par hgyur dgos na | gan gi tshe dkar po z'ig na dkar po hjig par hgyur gyi snam bu thjig par mi hgyur la | snam bu z'ig na yan snam 1 X bdog. : For med X mi bdog.

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3461 CHAPTER XIV 219 bu kho nar hjig par hgyur gyi dkar po hjig pa ni ma yin te | de la snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid do z'es gan hdod pa de ma yin te hjig pa dan mi hjig pa tha dad pahi phyir ro / gz'an yan dkar po z'es smra na dkar po z'es bya ba kho na smras par hgyur gyil snam bu z'es smras pa ni ma yin no lisnam bu z'es smras na yan snam bu kho na smras par hgyur gyi dkar po z'es smras pa ni ma yin no ll gan gi phyir dkar po z'es smra na dkar po z'es bya ba kho na smras par hgyur gyi snam bu z'es smras par mi hgyur la snam bu z'es smras na yan snam bu kho na smras par hgyur gyi dkar po ma yin pa deni phyir yan de dag gcig tu mi hgyur gyi smras pa dan ma smras pa tha dad pahi phyir ro | mtshan nid [dan mtshan gz'i tha dad]" las kyan ste hdi na mtshan nid ni dkar pohi no bo vin la / mtshan gz'i ni snam bu yin na gal te de gnis gcig nid du hgyur na ni dehi tshe gal te dkar po mtshan nid yin na snam bu yan mtshan nid kho nar hgyur rolt gal te snam bu mtshan nid du mi hgyur na ni dkar po yan mtshan nid du ma gyur cig ll gal te dkar po kho na mtshan nid du hgyur gyi snam bu ma yin la snam bu kho na mtshan gz'ir hgyur gyi dkar po ni ma yin na ni de la snam bu dan dkar po dag geig nid de z'es gan hdod pa der mi hgyur to 1 mtshan nid dan mtshan gz'i tha dad pahi phyir ro ji ltar snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid bkag pa de bz'in du dnos po thams cad kyi gcig nid dgag pa yan rgyas par brjod par byaho | hdir smras pa / snam bu dar dkar po dag gcig nid dgag pa ni smras na gz'an nid la brjod par byaho 1 brjod par bya ste gal te snam bu dan dkar po dag gz'an nid yin z'in | gal te yon ton rdzas la brten pasi phyir dkar po snam bur mi hgyur na ni ji Itar gal te mchod sbyin lhas sbyin z'es bya bahi spun zla ma yin na. Iha sbyin yan mchod sbyin gyi spun zlar mi hgyur ba nid yin pa Itar snam bu yan dkar por mi hgyur rol! gal te dkar po dan Idan pa las snam bu dkar por hgyur ro z'es hdod na de la yan brjod par bya ste gal te dkar po dan ldan pas snam bu dkar por hgyur na snam bu de ci dkar po dan Idan pas dkar pohi mtshan nid thob pa z'ig gam hon te ma thob pa + Omitted in X. See below.

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220 CATUNSATAKA [348 z'ig yin gran na gal te re z'ig dkar pohi mtshan nid thob pas snam bu dkar po nid du hgyur na ni hdih snam bu nid nams par hgyur ro | ci ste dkar pohi mtshan nid ma thob pa yin na ni dkar pohi mtshan nid ma thob pahi phyir ldan pa yod kyan snam bu dkar por mi hgyur te de la dkar po dan Idan pas snam bu dkar po yin no z'es bya ba gan hdod pa de nii ma yin no U ji ltar snam bu dkar por ma hgyur ba de bz'in du snam buhi khyad par gan dag sncn po dan ser po dan dmar po dan dmar ser dan ser skya dan phug ron kha dogi dan nag po dan rin po dan thun nu dan hjam po dan rtsub pa la sogs pa de dag las snam bu gz'an nid yin pahi phyir thams cad du srid pa med par hgyur ro | thams cad du srid pa med pas kyan snam bu nid du mi hgyur ro | ji ltar snam bu nid du mi hgyur ba de bz'in du dros po thams cad kyan yon ton gyi khyad par de dan de dag la gz'an nid yin pahi phyir thams cad du srid pa med par hgyur ro! hdir smras pa I yod pa dan med pa dag gio gcig nid dan gz'an nid la ni dgag pa smra na gni gahi phyogs la yan dag pa brjod par byaho || brjod par bya ste gap gi snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid du yan hgyur la gz'an nid du yan hgyur ro z'es bya ba phyogs yin pa de la gcig nid dan gz'an nid dgag pa snar bsad pa dag kho nas dgag pa rnam par bsad do gni ga ma yin pa gan gi phyogs yin pa de ni mdor pa sdus nas dgog pa brjod par byaho || gal te snam bu dan dkar po dag gcig nid ma yin la gni ga nid kyan ma yin na ni goi gahi mtshan nid ma thob pahi phyir dkar po yan dkar po nid ma yin z'in dkar po ma yin pa yan ma yin la snam bu! yan snam bu nid ma yin z'in snam bu ma yin pa yan ma yin no | dehi phyir mtshan nid gni ga ma thob pahi dkar po la ciui phyir dkar po z'es brjod kyi nag po z'es ma yin gan gi phyir dkar po de la dkar po z'es bya ba brjod kyi nag po z'es bya ba ma yin pa dehi phyir dkar po nid du yod do mtshan nid gni ga ma thob pahi snam bu de la yan cihi phyir snam bu z'es brjod kyi bum pa z'es ma yin gan gi phyir snam bu de la snam bu de la snam bu z'es bya ba nid brjod kyi bum pa z'es bya ba ma yin pa deui phyir snam 1 X um. it. X bis.

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346] CHAPTER XIV 221 bu nid du yod do | de Itar dkar po nid dan snam bu nid du grub dan gdon mi za bar de dag gcig nid dam gz'an nid du hgyur dgos la gcig nid yin na ni slar yan gcig nid hgog pahi rim pa kho na brjod par byaho || gz'an nid yin na yan gz'an nid "gog pahi tshul lo || de bz'in du dnos po thams cad la yan thgog pahi tshul gryas par brjod par byaho z'es rnam par thchad do | =evaM vidbhiH satkAryavAdopadarzitaM dUSaNamekatvapakSe prayojyam / asatkAryavAdino hi kaarykaarnnyornytvvaadinH| te hi sadutpattiniratheti manyamAnA asadeva kAryamutpadyata iti pratipadyante / teSAmanyatva pakSe'pyasatkAryopadarzitaM dUSaNamabhidheyam / tacca stambhAdInAmalaGkAro rahasyArtha nirarthakaH / yasyAsatkAryameva ca // ityuktam / / ye tu kAryakAraNayorekatvamanyatvaM ceti kalpayanti te sadasatkAyavAdinaH / te hi devadattasya jIvAtmatvaM vyavasthitaM devadattAtmatvaM tvavyavasthitamutpadyata itiicchnti| tathA ca maJjarIke yUrAdInAM suvarNAtmatvaM vyavasthitaM maJjarIkeyUrAtmatvaM tvavyavasthitamutpadyata iti pratipadyante / teSAmakatvAnyatvobhayapakSasya sadasatkAryavAdapratiSedhopadarzitaM duussnnmbhidheym| tazca satkAryameva yasyeSTam ityAdinoktam / vAdahayapakSa doSa ekasmin pakSe prayojya iti vizeSaH / - yeSAM tu darzane ghaTAdInAmabhAvana svahetubhyo'nyatvamekatvaM cAnabhilApya bhAvadravyaM ca saddhetuka teSAM sadasahAdanirAkaraNahArA sadapi na bhavatyasadapi na bhavatIti vicAreNa dUSaNa mabhidheyam / taccobhayAsambhave taniSedhena nobhayaM bhavatIti yadedamubhayaM naM sambhavati tadA kasya niSedhena nobhayaM bhavatIti kalpyate ityartha ityanenokta meva / evaM ca yathAkrama sadasat sadasacceti nobhaya ceti ca kramaH / eSa prayojyo vidagirekatvAdiSu nityazaH // 1XI. 15. 2XI. 15. * The corresponding Tib. passage is not quite clear to me. I could not trace the passage referred to here. It seems to be some where in the commentary.

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222 CATUHSATAKA [346 anye tu vyaacksste| ekatvAnyatvAdiva krameNa bhAvAnAM pratiSedho'thavA kramAntareNApIti cet / ucyate sadasat sadasacceti nobhaya ceti ca kramaH / / eSa prayojyo vivadbhirekatvAdiSu nityazaH // scc| amnyc| sadapi ca sto'bhaavo'snyc| na sanna cAsat / ityayakramo vidbhirekatvAdiSu caturSa pakSeSu nityazaH prayojyaH / tatra sadityAtmetyarthaH / asditynaatmetyrthH| sacca sato'bhAvo'saccetyAtmApyAtmano'bhAvo'nAtmApItyarthaH / na satra cAsaditi nAtmApi na caanaatmaapotyrthH| ekatvAdiSvitye katvamanyatvamubhaya nobhymiti| tatra yobahanA vaikatvamanakatvamubhayamanubhayaM vA bhavati / tatra yeSAM paTazuklayorakatvamiti pakSasteSAM sadityaya kramo viSayataH kAlalakSaNatazca pryojyH| tatra taavhissytH| yadi paTazuklayorekatvaM yatra yatra zaklastatra tatra paTenApi bhavitavyam / yatra yatra ca paTastatra tatra zukla nApi bhvitvym| atha yatra yatra zuklo na tatra tatra paTo na ca yatra yatra paTastatva tatra zuklastadA paTazuklayorakatvamiti yadiSyate na tduppdyte| viSayabhedAt / kaalaadpi| tatra kaalstrividhH| atIto'nAgato vrtmaanc| tatrAtote'totAvasthAyAmeva pUrvajAtaH zuklo dRSTaH / yadi paTazullAyorekatvaM tadA yadi zaktaH pUrvajAtaH paTenApi pUrvajAtena bhvitvym| atha paTaH pazcAjjAtaH zukla nApi pazcAjjAtana bhvitvym| yadi zukla pUrva jAte vartamAnaH paTa: pazcAjjAyate yat pUrvajAtaM yacca pazcAjjAtaM na tayorekatvam / utpattikramabhedAt / anyacca yadi paTazuklayorekatvaM tadA zukla paTo vilauyet| paTe'pi ca zuklo vilIyeta / yadA zulaH zukla vilIyeta na paTa: paTe'pi paTa eva viloyeta na zaklastana paTazaklayorekatvamiti yadiSyate tanna bhvti| vilyaavilyyorbhedaat| anyacca / zukla ityu to zukla ityevAha na ghaTa iti| paTa itya ke ca paTa ityevAha na zukla iti / yasmAcchukla ityu to zakla itye vAha paTa ityu to'pi ca paTamevAha na zulamiti tasmAnna tyorktvm| uktAnuktayorbhedAt / lkssylkssnnyorbhedaacc| iha lakSaNaM zuklarUpam / lakSyaH pttH| yadi tayorakatvaM tadA yadi zuklo lakSaNaM paTo'pi lakSaNameva syAt / yadi paTo na lakSaNaM zuklo'pi na lakSaNaM syAt / yadi zukla eva lakSaNaM na paTa: paTa eva ca lakSyo na zuklastatra paTazuklayorekatvamiti yadiSyate tanna bhvti| lakSyalakSaNayorbhedAt /

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347] . CHAPTER XIV 223 yathA paTazuklayorakatvaM pratiSica tathA sarveSAM bhAvAnAbhekatvapratiSedho vistarazo'bhidheyaH / prvaah| paTazuklayorekatvapratiSedha ukte 'nyatvaM vktvym| ucyate / yadi paTazuklayoranyatvaM tadA guNo dravyAdheya iti zullo ghaTo na bhvet| yathA yadi yajJadatto devadattasya bhrAtA na bhaveddevadatto'pi yajJadattasya sAtA na bhavet / evaM paTo'pi zuklo na bhavet / yadi zuklayogAt paTaH zukla itossyte| ttraapyucyte| yadi zuklayogAt paTaH zuklaH syAt kimayaM paTa: zuklayogAccha klalakSaNa prApnotyatha na praapnoti| yadi tAvaccha lalakSaNaM praapnoti| paTastena zukla eva syAtpaTatvaM cAsya hoyeta / atha zuklalakSaNaM na praapnoti| zuklalakSaNApAsyA yogasattve'pi paTaH zullo na bhvti| tatra zuklayogena paTaH zukla iti yadiSyate tanna bhvti| yathA paTa: zuklo na bhavati tathA ye paTasya vizeSA nIlaH poto rato raktapIta: kapila: kapItavarNaH kRSmo dI| hrakhaH komala: kaThina ityAdayastebhyo'pi paTo'nya eveti srvsmbhvaabhaavH| sarvasambhavAbhAve ca paTa eva na bhavati / yathA paTo na bhavati tathA sarve'pi bhAvAH / guNavizeSA hi tattebhyo bhinnA eveti srvsmbhvaabhaavH| alaah| yadi sadasatorakatvamanyatvaM ca pratiSedhyamucyate ubhayapakSaH samyagvaktavyaH / ucyte| yasya paTazuklayorakatvamanyatvaM ceti pakSastasyaikatvamanyatvaM ca pUrvavacanaireva pratiSedhyatvena vyAkhyAtam / __ yasya pakSo nobhayaM tasyApi pratiSedhaH sNkssipyocyte| yadi paTazuklayo. nakatvaM na cAnyatvamubhayalakSaNAprApte: zullo'pi zukla eva na bhavatya zuklo'pi na bhvti| paTo'pi paTa eva na bhavatyapaTo'pi na bhavati / tasmAdubhayalakSaNAprAptasya zuklasya kimiti zukla ityabhidhAnaM na laSaNa iti / yasmAttasya zukla ityabhidhAnaM na kRSNa iti tasmAcchala ev| lakSaNahayAprAptasya ca tasya paTasya kimiti paTa ityabhidhAnaM na ghaTa iti| yasmAttasya paTasya paTa itye vAbhidhAnaM na ghaTa iti tasmAtpaTa eva / tathA ca zakla eva eTa eva ca sidhyti| avazyaM ca tayorekavenAnyatvena vA bhvitvym| ekatve sati punarapyakatvapratiSedhakrama evAbhidhayo'nyatve tvnytvprtissedhkrmH| tathA sarvasyApi bhAvasya pratiSedhakramo vistarazo'bhidheya iti // 21 //

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224 CATU SATAKA 1347 347 CSV: hdir smras pagal te de Itar ma grub pahi phyir dros po rnams kyi ran bz'in med na mgol ba de dag hthad pa gan gis dnos po yod par rtog ce na de la hthad pa hgah yan med kyi | hon kyan atraah| yadyevamasiddhernAsti bhAvAnAM svabhAvaH kayopapattyA vAdino bhAvAn klpynti| na tatra kaacidupptti.| kintu-| ji ltar rgyun la Ita nes na rtag pa yod ces bya bar hgyur | de bz'in tshogs la lta nes na | dnos po yod ces bya bar hgyur || 22 |! In a V and Vx of CSV rgyu for rgyun, and Vx of CSV blta for Ita. In 6 V and Vx of CS byar hgyur na for bya bar hgyur. In c Vx of CSV blta for Ita. V yatha kudrstito hetor nityata nama jayate kudrstitas tatha skandhe bhavatvam nama jayate || 22 | This cannot be accepted as V has adopted the wrong reading rgyu for rgyun in a and translated tshogs in c by skandha for which we have phun po in Tib. I may offer the following: santAnahaSTidoSe hi nityo nAma bhavedyathA / sAmagrodRSTidoSa hi bhAvo nAma bhavettathA // 22 // CSV: ji ltar mar mehi me lce skad cig re re-la hjig cin sna ma dan phyi ma skad cig rgyu dan hbras bu hbrel ba Inam par ma chad par gnas pa la rgyu dan rkyen gyi tshogs pa yod na yod pahi rgyun hbyun ba de bz'in du hdu byed skyes ma thag tu hjig pa thams cad la bdag nid ji lta buhi rgyu dan rkyen gyi tshogs yod na yod pahi rgyun rgyu dan hbras buki nbrel ba mnam par ma chad par gnas pa thog ma med pa hbyun no || deni phyir ji ltar rgyun deui ran gi no bo ji ltar gnas pa Itar nes par hphrigs sin phyin ci log tu nes pahi phyi rol bahi dran sron rnams la snon gyi gnas rjes su dran z'in hdir skad cig mar hjig pa maon sum ma yin pas phun po gcig nas gcig tu brgyud pahi rgyun la nes par mthon ba yin dan bdag gam gz'an yan run ste dnos po rtag

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347] CHAPTER XIV 225 pa yod do snam par hbyun ba de bz'in du tshogs pa de dan de la brten na s hbyun ba dan hbyun ba las gyur pa dan sems dan sems byun ba dan | mtsan nid gz'i dan mtsan nid la sogs pahi bdag nid can dan deni ne bar len pa can rtswa dan phyam dan rdzas la sogs pa tshogs pa khyim la sogs pa dan gzugs dan dri la sogs pahi ston (?) tshogs pa bum pa la sogs pa dan dnos po tshogs pa bdag dan nam mkhah la sogs pa yod do || tshogs pa las logs sig tu mtsan nid ma grub pahi chos hbyun ba dan hbyun ba las gyur pa dan sems dan sems las byun ba dan | bum pa la sogs pa gzugs brnan dan brag cha la sogs pa dan hdra ba de dan de las so so so sor hjig i ten pahi phyin ci log tsad mar byas te hiig rten gz'ug par bya bahi phyir ne bar blans nas sam brten nas ran dan spyihi mtsan nid du hdogs pa tsam z'ig byed la de dag kyan skye ba na tshogs pa kho na skye z'in tshogs pa kho na ugag par ugyur ro | dehi phyir tshogs pa de ji lta ba bz'in ma ses pa dan blta ba nes pas rgol ba dag la sogs pas so la ran gi no bos yons su grub parrtogcin phyin ci log tsam las rig pa med pasi dios po kho na rtogs so || yathA pradIpAgnizikhAyAM pratikSaNaM vinazyantyAM pUrvAparayoH kSaNayorhetuphalasambandhe'vicchedenAvasthite hetupratyayasAmagrIsadbhAve san santAno jAyate tathA sarveSAM saMskArANAmutpAdAnantaraM bhagnAnAM khato yathAvaddhetupratyayasAmagrIsadbhAve bhAvAzrayayorhetuphalayoH sambandhasyAvicchedenAvasthAnamanAdi pravartate / tasmAttasya santAnasya yathAvasthitasvabhAvadarzane niyataM sandigdhAnAM viparItanizcayAnAM bAhyAnAmRSINAM pUrvanivAsamanusAratAmiha kSaNabhaGgApratyakSeNa skandhaparamparAsantAnasya niyataM darzanamahaM paro veti ca yujyate nityo bhAva iti / mtiH| tathA tAM tAM sAmagrI pratItya bhUtabhautikacittacaittalakSyalakSaNAdyAtmaka tadupAdAnakaM tRNadharaNI'dravyAdisAmagrIka rAhAdi rUpagandhAdi sAmagrIkaM ghaTAdi bhAvasAmagrIka(?)mAtmAkAzAdi ca bhvti| sAmagrItaH pRthagbhUto lakSaNAsiddho dharmoM bhUtabhautikacittacaittaghaTAdiH / pratibimbapratizulkAdivattatastataH pRthakpRthag laukikaM viparyAsaM pramANaM kRtvA lokapratipAdanAyopAdAya pratItya vA 1 Tu the sense of 'a beam.' * Here Tib.ston which is doubtful is left out untranslated, - 29

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226 CATUHSATAKA - [348 svasAmAnyalakSaNaprajJaptimAtraM kriyte| teSAmapi jAtI sAmagreva jAyate sAmagreva nirudhyte| tasmAtsA sAmagrI yathAvanna jJAyate dRzyate ceti doSaNa vAdiprabhRtayo rAgasvabhAvena pariniSpannaM kalpayanto viparyAsamAnAdavidyAbhAvameva pratipadyante // 22 // 348 CSV: gal te de Itar duos po med pas kho bo cag gi dros por Ita ba phyin ci log yin na khyod kyan dnos po khas mi len na dnos po med par blta bar hgyur na de yan sin tu mi rigs tel mthon ba dan ma mthon ba dau hgal bahi phyir ro z'e na bsad par bya ste | bdag ni dnos po med par smra ba ma yin te | Iten cin hbrel bar thbyun ba smra ba yin pahi phyir ro || ci khyod dnos por smra ba z'ig gam z'e na ma yin terten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba smra ba yin pa nid kyi phyir ro || khyod ci smra ba z'ig na rten cin Ibral bar thbyun bar smra baho || yan rten cin hbrel bar hbyun bahi don gan z'e na | ran bz'in med pahi don dan ran bz'in gyis ma skyes pahi don dan | sgyu ma dan smig Igyu dan gzugs brnan dan dri zahi gron khyer dan spul ba dan rmi lam dan mtshuns pahi ran bz'in can gyi hbias bu hbyun bahi don dan ston pa nid bdag med pahi don to | hdi Itar | yadyevaM bhAvAbhAvAdasmAkaM bhAvadarzanaM viparItaM tavApi bhAvAnabhyupagame bhAvana vinA darzanaM bhvet| taccAtyantamayuktaM . darzanAdarzanavirodhAditi cet / ucyte| bhAvo nAstIti na vayaM bruumH| pratItyasamutpAdavAdAt / kiM te bhAvavAdaH / na / prtiitysmutpaadvaadaadev| kaste vAda iti cet / prtiitysmutpaadvaadH| kaH punararthaH pratItyasamutpAdasya / niHsvbhaavo'rthH| khabhAve. naanutyno'rthH| maayaamriiciprtibimbgndhrvngrnirmaannsvpnsdRshsvbhaavkkaaryotpaado'rthH| shuunytaanaatmaarthH| tathA hi-| gan la brten nas hbyun yod pa de ni ran dban ma hgyur rol hdi kun ran dban med pa ste des na bdag ni yod ma yin || 23 || In 6 V na for ni. V pratitya sambhavo yasya sa svatantro na jayate | asvatantram idam sarvam tenatma naiva-vidyate || 23 |

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348] CHAPTER XIV 227 I should like to modify the second half taking bdag in d to mean atmana, svayam : pratItya sambhavo yasya sa svatantro na jAyate / na svatantramidaM save svayaM tena na vidyate // 32 // CSV: hdi na gan la ran gi no bo dan ran bz'in dagi ran dban dan gz'an la rag ma las pa nid yin pa de la ni ran las grub pas rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba yod pa ma yin na hdus byas thams cad rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba yan yin no || de ltar na dnos po gan la brten nas hbyun ba yod pa de ni ran dban du mi hgyur te | rgyu dan rkyen la rag las skye bahi phyir 1o || hdi kun rai dban med pa ste deui phyir dnos po gan la yan bdag ste ran bz'in yod pa ma yin no ll deni phyir hdir rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba ran dban bahi no bo dan bral bahi phyir fan dban bahi no bo dan bral bahi don ston pa nid kyi don yin gyi thams cad dnos po med pahi don ma yin no |dehi phyir hdi la rten cin thbrel bar hbyun ba byas sin sgyu ma dan hdra ba kun nas non mons pa dan ranm par byan bahi rgyu la skur pa btab pas de med par lta ba phyin ci log yin la ran bz'in yod pa ma yin paui phyir na dnos por Ita ba yan phyin ci log yin no || dehi phyir de Itar na dnos po ran bz'in dan bcas par smra ba rnams la rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba med pa dan rtag pa dan chad par Ita bahi skyon du hgyur ro . ci ste gal te ran dban med pahi don rten cin hbrel bar thbyun bahi don yin na ni ho na gan khyed kyis neda cag la gnod par hgyur ba khyeddan ned cag la khyad par ci yod snam du sems na bsad par bya ste gan khyed kyis rten cin hbrel bar hbyun bahi don ji Ita ba bz'in rtogs4 ba dan brjod pa mi ses pa hdi ni khyad par ro ji ltar byis pa g'zon nu tha snad la ma byan bas gzugs brnan la bden par gyur par lhag par sgro btags pas ji lta ba bz'in gnas pahi ran bz'in ston pa nid bsal nas ran bz'in dan bcas par rtogs na gzugs brnan rtog mi ses pa de bz'in du khyod kyis kyan rten cin hbrel par hbyun ba khas blans kyan gzugs brnan 1 X dan. ' X nes. 3 X khyod. ! X rtog.

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228 CATUHSATAKA [349 dan mtshuns pani rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba ran bz'in gyis ston pa nid du gyur kyan ran gi no bos ji ltar gnas pa bz'in khon du chud par mi ses te ran bz'in med pa nid du mi hdzin pahi phyir dan | yod pa ma yin pa ran gi no bo la yod paui ran gi no ho nid du lhag par sgro btags na hdzin pahi phyir ro || brjod kyan mi ses te ran bz'in med pa nid du mi brjod pahi phyir dan dnos poui ran gi no bo nid du brjod pahi phyir ro | dehi phyir de ltar rtogs pa dan brjod mi ses pa na bdag nid dan gz'an nid bslu bar byed do || dehi phyir kho bo cag chos tshogs che ba hdir gnas. pas bstan bcos byed paui rtsom pa hdi hbras bu med pa ma yin no || CSV : iha yasya svarUpaM svabhAvazca svatantramaparAyattaM ca tasya khata eva sidhA na prtiitysmutpaadH| saMskRtAstu sarve prtiitysmutpnnaaH| evaM yasya bhAvasya pratItyasamutpAdaH sa na svtntrH| hetupratyayAbhyAmutpAdAn na svatantramidaM sarvam / tasmAdyasya bhAvasyAdhipatinaM [sa] svabhAvena vidyte| tasmAdiha pratItya- . samutpannasya svatantrasvarUpavirahAt svatantra svarUpahito'rthaH shuunytaarthH| na srvbhaavaabhaavo'rthH| tasmAdiha pratItyasamutpannaM maayaavt| saMklezavyavadAnahetvapavAdAttadabhAvadarzanaM viparItam / niHsvabhAvatvAdbhAvadarzanamapi viparItam / tasmAdevaM bhAvasasvabhAvatvavAdinAM pratItyasamutpAdAbhAvaH zAzvatoMcchedadRSTizca dossH| atha yadyakhatanvArthaH pratItyasamutpAdArthastahiM ko bhavatAsmAkaM virodha: kazca bhavato'smAkaM vizeSa iti| ucyte| ayaM vizeSoM yadbhavAnyathA tarkitamukta ca pratItyasamutpAdaM na vetti / yathA vyavahArAvya tpanno bAlakumAraH prativimbasya satyatayAdhyAropaNana yathAvadavasthitasvabhAvazUnyatAyAkaraNAtmasvabhAvatvapratIto pratibimbasya kalpanAM na jAnAti bhavAnapi tathA pratItyasamutpAdAbhyupagame'pi pratibimbasama pratItyasamutpAdaM svabhAvena zUnyatAbhUtamapi varUpeNa yathAvadavasthitaM nAvagacchati niHsvabhAvatvasyAgrahaNAdasatsvarUpasya ca satsvarUpatvenAdhyAropitasya grhnnaat| uktamapi ca [ bhavAn ] na jaanaati| niHsvabhAvatvasyAkathanAdbhAvasvarUpasya kthnaa| tamAdevaM tarkitamuktaM cAjJAtvAtmAnamanyaM ca vaJcayati [ bhavAn ] / tasmAdihAsmAkaM mahati dharmarAge'vasthAnAcchAstrakArasya nAyamArambhI nirarthakaH // 23 //

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350] CHAPTER XIV 229 349 CSV: gan gi phyir thgal la yan no bo nid kyi skye ba yod pa ma yin pa de nid kyi phyir | virodhe'pi ca yasmAnAsti svruupsyotpaadstsmaadev-| hbras bu med par dnos po ni kun la hdu ba yod ma yin hbras buhi don du gdu ba gan | de ni hphags pa ma hdus paho || 24 || V vina karyena bhavesu samavayo na vidyate karyarthah samavayo yah sa aryasyasamanvitah || 24 || I think V's asamanvitah for ma hdus paho in d can in no way be supported. For hdus pa in the sense of samavaya see karika 339a. I should like to change it as follows: vinA phalena bhAvAnAM samavAyo na vidyate / so'samavAya bhAryANAM samavAyaH phalAya yaH // 24 // CSV: gal te dnos po rnams kyi hjug pa ran bz'in par hgyur na ni de rtag pa dan hbras bu la bltos par mi hgyur te ran bz'in ni hbras bu la mi bltos so || gcig gi dnos pos mil thgags kyan hbras bu cun zad kyi sgrub par mi nus pas tshogs pahi hbras bu bsgrub par bya ba la phan tshun hdu bar yan hgyur la gan z'ig thbras buhi ched du hdu ba de ni deui ran bz'in gzigs pahi hphags pa mnams la hdu ba med pa z'ig ste bden par gyur pa nid de mon par mi bz'ed .do || Ses bya bahi don to || ___= yadi bhAvAnAM prakRttiH svAbhAviko syAtte nityAH sya : phalanirapekSAzca / khabhAvo hi phala nirpekss;| naiko bhAvo'nirodhe'pi svalpamapi phalaM sAdhayita zakotIti sAmagramAH sAdhye na phalenAnyonyaM samavAyo bhvti| phalanimitastu yaH samavAyaH sa ttsvbhaavdrshinaamaaryaannaamsmvaayH| satyameva sa nAbhimato jayo'rthaH // 24 // 350 CSV : de nid kyi phyir mam par ses pa dnos poui ran gi no bo Ihag par sgro hdogs par byed pa non mons pa can gyi mi ses 'xni.

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230 CATUESATAKA (350 pahi dban gis dnos po rnams la chags pa dan Idan z'in hkhor ba thjug pahi sa bon du gyur pa rnam pa thams cad du hgags pa las hkhor ba ldog par rnam pa bz'ag go z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa! =qa va fani HTGECIAtaufa i Hit Taats Kag rAgavataH [ puruSasya ] saMsArapravRttibIjasya sarvathA nirodhAtsaMsAranivRttivyaM vasthiteti prtipaadyvaah-| srid pahi sa bon rnam ses te yul rnams de yi spyod yul lol yul la bdag med mthon na ni srid pahi so bon hgag par hgyur || 25 || . rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las mthar hdzin pa dgag pa bsgom pa bstan pa ste rab tu byed pa bcu bz'i paho || In c for na V nas, and Vx of CSV ba. V bhavabijam hi vijnanam visayas tasya gocarah | drstva vinayanairatmyam bhavabijain nirudhyate || 25 I should like to make the following change : bIja bhavasya vijJAna viSayAstasya gocarAH / / __ dRSTe viSayanairAtme bhavabIjaM nirudhyate // 25 // H ati : Tahsanirafaduntaa 19aila agesi antuA CSV : ji skad bsad pahi tshul gyis yul ran bz'in med par mthon bas chags paui rgyu rnam par ses pa srid pahi sa bon du gyur pa rnam pa thams cad du log pa las nan thos dan ran sans rgyas dan mi skye bahi chos la brjod pa thubi pahi byan chub sems dpah rnams la hkhor ba Idog pa ram par bz'ag go || de bz'in gsegs pahi ye ses hbyun bahi sa bon byan chub kyi sems de ni de rnam, la mi ldog ste | thams cad la de bz'in gsegs pahi ye ses rnedo pa gdon mi za bar hbyun bahi phyir ro Il gan dag gis byan chub kyi sems rnam pa de lta bu ma bskyed pa de dag gis kyan phyis gdon mI za bar bskyed nas byan chub sems dpahi spyod pas bla na med pahi ye ses thos par bya kho na ste hdi ni hphags 1 X thob, * X rnad;

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231 360] CHAPTER XIV pa dam pa chos pad ma dkar pohi mdo la sogs pa la btsal bar byaho || = yathoktena krameNa viSayasya niHsvabhAvatvadarzanAdAgahetobhavabojabhUtasya vijJAnasya sarvathA nivRtteH zrAvakANAM buddhAnAmanutpAdadharmakathanasamarthAnAM bodhisattvAnAM ca sNsaarnivRttivyvsthitaa| tathAgatajJAnodbhavaboja bodhicittaM tu tat teSAM na nivrttte| sarveSAM tthaagtjnyaanlaabhsyaavshyktvaat| ye tu tathAvidhaM bodhicittaM notyAdayanti te'pi pazcAdavazyamutpAdya bodhisattvacaya yAnuttarajJAnAyArambha kuryH| idaM cAryasaharma puNDarIkasUtrAdau mRgyam // 25 //

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CHAPTER XV HDUS BYAS KYI DON DGAG PA SGOM PA BSTAN PA saMskRtArthapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanam 351 CSV: hdir smras pa | hdus byas ran bz'in gyis yod pa nid de deni mtsan nid skye ba la sogs pa yod pahi phyir ro || ben buhi rwa la sogs pa yod pa ma yin pa la hdus byas kyi mtsan nid yod pa ma yin na hdus byas la ni hdus byas kyi 'mtshan nid skye ba la sogs pa yod pa yan yin no || dehi phyir hdus byas yod de z'e na bsad par bya ste | =avaah| vidyata eva saMskRta svabhAvena tallakSaNotpAdAdisadbhAvAt / ' kharaviSANAdi tu nAsti / na hi tasya saMskRtalakSaNamasti / saMskRtasya tu sNskRtlkssnnmutpaadaadysti| tasmAdasti sNskRtmiti| ucyte-| tha mar med pa skye bar hgyur des na med pa ga la skye yod pa gdod mar skye hgyur bal des na yod pa ga la skye | 1 || In c V and Vx of CS hdod nas for gdod mar, and skyes for skye. V abhavac ced bhaved anyas tadabhavah kuto bhavet istam ced bhavato janma tada bhavah kuto bhavet | 1 || I think it should be changed and the following may be suggested : asadante jAyate cettenAsajjAyate kutaH / sadevAnte jAyate cettena sajjAyate kutaH // 1 // CSV: gal te desi mtsan nid lhag cige tu hgyur na ni hdus byas yod par hgyur na yod pa yan ma yin no l ji ltar byas te 1 X kyis. * See MV, p. 145 with Poussin's note ; Anguttara N. I, p. 61: tin'imani bhikkhave uppado pannayati vayo pannayati tbitassa annathattam pannayati. 3 x lha z'ig.

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351] CHAPTER XV 233 z'e na hdi na skye ba hdi hdus byas kyi dnos po bskyed pa na hdus byas med pa ham yod pa z'ig bskyed gran na de la re z'ig gan hbras bu med par smra ba de de Itar na sa bon gyi gnas skabs na myu gu med pahi phyir rgyn dan rkyen gyi tshogs pas sa bon gyi mthah skad cig las myu gu skyeho || deni phyir rgol ba dehi tha mar med pa skye bar hgyur | z'es bya ba phyogs yin no ll yod pa ma yin pa ni hbyun bar rigs pa yan ma yin pa ste || bon buhi rwa la togs pa than skye bar thal baui phyir ro || de ndi kyi phyir ) des na med pa ga la skye z'es bya ba smos so || des na z'es bya ba ni yod pa ma yin pa nid kyi rgyu ho il ga la z'es bya ba ni mi srid pa la ste / yod pa ma yin pahi phyir med pa la skye ba med do z'es bya bahi don te | ci ste nes pa hdis hjigs nas nbras bu yod par smras pa yod pa kho na la skye ba hdod na de Ita na | yod pa gdod mar skye hgyur bal dess na yod paga la ste || gal te skye bahi ches pha rol sa bon gyi gnas kho nar myu gu skye bar rtog na deni tshe skye bar mi hgyur te yod pahi phyir || ci ste yod pa la skye bar yons su rtog na deni tshe skye ba thug pa med par hgyur z'in || de la slar skye bas byis pahi phyogs1 suyar hgyur na de ni srid pa yan ma yin pas yod pa la yan skye ba yod pa ma yin || ___=yadi tasya lakSaNa atirikta syAvidyamAnamapi saMskRtaM na vidyata / kathaM klveti| ihotyAdo'yaM saMskRtaM bhAvamutyAdayati cevidyamAnamavidyamAna vA sNskRtmutpaadyti| tatra tAvadyasyAsatkAryavAdastasya bojAvasthAyAmarAbhAvAce tupratyayasAmagrA bojasyAntArakSaNAdaguro jaayte| tasmAttasya vAdinaH asadante jAyate ced iti pkssH| na tu yujyate'sata udbhavaH kharaviSANAderapyutpAdaprasaGgAt / tasmAt tenAsajjAyate kutaH 1 X bog su. 30

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234 CATUHSATAKA [352 ityuktam / tenetyasattvaM hetuH| kuta iti na smbhvti| asattvAdasato notyAda * ityrthH| athaitaddoSabhayAtsatkAryavAde sata evotpAda iSyate / tathA sati sadevAnte jAyate cettena sajjAyate kutaH // yadyutpAdAdatiprAg bojAvasthAyAmevAGgurotpAdaH kalpAte tadA notpaadH| sadbhAvAda [ ev]| atha sata utpAdaH parikalpAte tadotyAdAnavasthAprasaGgaH / tasya punarutpAdAhAlapakSaH syAt / na ca sa sambhavatIti na sto'pyutpaadH||1|| 352 CSV : gz'an yan | = anycc| hbras bu yis ni rgyu bthig pa | des na med pa skye mi hgyur | grub pa la grub yod ma yin | dehi phyir yod pahan mi skye ho || 2 || In c V and Vx of CS las for la , Vx of CSV la sgrub byed for pa la grub. In d V and Vx of CS de for deni, Vx of CSV pa for pahai, and ye for ho. V hetor vinasah karyena tenabhavo na jayate | nispannan naiva nispattir bhavo'py evam na jayate || 2 | I should like to change it as follows : phalena nAzyate hetustenAsannaiva jaayte| na sidhirasti sidyasya tena sabApi jAyate // 2 // CSV : gan gi phyir myu gu skye bz'in pas rgyu sa bon z'es bya ba buig pa dehi phyir myu gu med pa kho na sa bon las skye ho z'es bya ba han mi rigs so li ji ltar nas dan gro la sogs pa dag la yod pa ma yin pahi sa luhi myu gu de dag rnam par hgyur bas skye ba ma yin pa de bz'in du yod pa ma yin pas sa luhi sa bon kyan skye ba ma yin pa z'ig na hbru mar byua na ti la la sogs pa dag Itar myu gu skye ba na sa bon de hjig pa yan yin no || dehi phyir med pa mi skyeho || grub la sgrub byed yod ma yin | desi phyir yod pa mi skye yi ||" 1 See v. I. above. nispan

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353] CHAPTER XV 235 grub zin pasi myu gu ni slar hgrub pa ma yin pas yod pa yan mi skyho || = yasmAjjAyamAnenAreNa bIja nAma hetu zyate tasmAdasavevAGgAro bojAjjAyata ityapi na yujyte| yathA yavagodhUmAdiSvasantaste zAlyagurA vikAraNa na jAyante tathAsattvena zAlyaGgurA vikAreNApi na jaaynte| udbhUte taile tilAdivadagurotpAde tahIjaM nshyti| tasmAnAsajjAyate / na siddhirasti siddhasya tena santrApi jaayte| siddho baGguro na punaH sidhyatIti na sato'pyutpAdaH // 2 // 353 CSV : skye bahi dus mi srid pahi phyir yan skye ba yod pa ma yin par brjod pahi phyir bsad pa = utpAdakAlAsambhavAdapyutpAdo na bhvtiityujhaavyvaah-| de tshe skye ba yod min z'in | gz'an tshe skye ba yod ma yin | de tshe gz'an tshe mi skye na nam z'ig skye ba yod par hgyur || 3 || Vx of CSV dehi for de in a and re for nam in d. V tato bhavo na bhavati nanyato'pi sa jayate | tato'nyato na cej janma tada janma kuto bhavet || 3 !! Here in the Tib. text de tshe in a and c and gz'an tshe in band c mean tada and anyada respectively and not tatah and anyatah as V says. He seems to have translated skye ba in a and b by bhava in the sense of a thing (chose'). This cannot be supported. Nor can nam z'ig which in fact means Skt. kada (See karika 361d) be taken in the sense of tada. I may, therefore, suggest the following :. jAtistadA na bhavati na jAtiranyadApi ca / sadAnyadA na cejjAtiH kadA jAtirbhaviSyati // 3 // CSV : gan gi tshe myu gu hdi bdag gi dnos po rned pa yin pa deni tshe ni grub pani no bo yin pahi phyir hdi la skye ba mi srid do Il gan gi tshe hdi ma grub pani no bo yin pahi dus der yod hdi skye ba mi rigs te | ma grub pahi med pa nid kyis rten

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236 CATUHSATAKA [354 pahi skye bahi bya ba mi hgrub pa gz'an gyi tshe skye ba mi srid do || cun zad cig grub cin cun zad cig ma grub par yin pa la yan phyogs gnis gar briod pahi skyon du thal bahi phyir dehi tshe ran gz'an gyi ni skye ba mi srid do ll gan gi tshe de Itar dus gsum char ru yan skye ba mi srid pa dehi tshe de rnam pa tha dad pa gz'an mi srid pas nam z'ig skye ba yod par hgyur te ll gan du hdi skye bar hgyur bahi dus de yod pa ma yin no snamdu dgons so|| = yadAGguro'yamAtmabhAvaM labhate tadA siddharUpa iti nAsya jAtiH sambhavati / yadAyamasiddharUpastadA [ api ] asya jAtina yujyte| asiddhasyAsadbhAvenA* tritA jAti ma na sambhavatItyanyadA jAtina sambhavati / kiJcisidhyati kiJcittu na sidhyatItIhApyubhayoH pakSayoraktadoSaprAptena tadA svapasyorjAtiH sambhavati / yadaivaM kAlAMzatraye'pi jAtina sambhavati tadA tatprakArAntarAsambhavAtkadApi jAtinaM bhvti| yatnAsyotpAdaH sa kAlo nAstItyabhiprAyaH // 3 // 354 CSV : hdir smas pa | ho ma z'ohi dios por hgyur bar skye ba yin no || hdi yan mi rigs te | ho ma.la z'ohi dios po mi srid pahi phyir ro || re z'ig ho mahi dnos por gnas pani ho ma la ni desi bdag nid du skye ba med de | dehi ho mahi bdag nid der yod pahi phyir ro !! dehi phyir de ltar na | = avaah| dugdha dadhibhAvana jaayte| idamapi na yujyte| dugdhasya ddhibhaavaasmbhvaat| dugdhabhAvanAvasthitasya dugdhasya tAkttadAtmanotpattina bhvti| tasya tasmindugdhAtmanA sdbhaavaat| tasmAdevaM sti-| de la de yi dnes po ru ji Itar skye ba yod min ltar | de bz'in gz'an gyi dnos por yan | de la skye ba yod ma yin || 4 || V yatha tasyaiva bhavasya tasmaj jatir na vidyate bhavasyapi tathanyasya tasmaj jatir na vidyate || I should like to change it slightly as follows: tatraiva tasya bhAvasya yathA jAtina vidyte| tathAnyasyApi bhAvasya tatra jAtina vidyate //

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355] CHAPTER XV 237 CSV: ji Itar ho mahi no bor gnas pani lo ma la skye ba mi srid pa de bz'in du ho ma las gz'an z'oni dros por skye ba yan mi srid do || gah las ho ma z'o yin na z'es bya bar hgyur ba ho ma z'o z'es bsnad pa yan ma yin tel gan gi tshe z'o yin pa deni tshe de ho ma yin la || yan gan gi tshe de ho ma yin pa deni tsbe de z'o ma yin pas ho ma z'or hgyur ro z'es bya bar mi run io || __= yathA dugdhasvabhAvenAvasthitasya dugdhasya jAtina sambhavati tathA dugdhAdanyasya dadhibhAvasyApi jAtirna smbhvti| yasmAigdhe dadhani bhUte dugdhaM dadhIti na vypdishyte| yadA dadhi tadA na tdugdhm| api ca yadA tahugdha tadA na tahadhIti dugdha dadhi jAyata iti na yujyate // 4 // 355 CSV : hdi las kyan hdus byas la, skye ba med de | hdi ltar | = ito'pi na sNskRtsyotyaadH| tathA hithog ma bar dan tha ma rnams | skye bahi sna rol srid ma yin gnis gnis dag ni med pa ru | ji ltar re re rtsom par hgyur || 5 || In d V ci for ji, and Vx of CSV rtsam for rtsom. V adir madhyam tahantas ca janmanah pran na vartate dvayor abhave prarabdham ekaikam jayate katham || 5 || I may suggest the following change : AdimadhyAvasAnAnAM prAgutpattena sambhavaH / pravRttaM kathamekaikaM satyabhAve haryayoH // 5 // In c of this restoration pravrtta is used for Tib. rtsom pa in d which literally means arambha or arabhyate, but I have followed bere CSV which evidently explain the word by hjug pa meaning here nothing but pravrtti. CSV: thog ma bar dan tha ma rnams | skye bahi sna rol srid ma yin! hdir thog ma dan bar dan tha ma dag ni dnos poni skye ba dan 1 For the expression adimadhyavasana see MV. p. 546, 1. 7.

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238 CATUHSATAKA [356 gnas pa dan hjig pa ste | re zig de dag skye bahi sia rol gyi gnas skabs no yod pani no bor med pas skye bahi sna rol na hdus byas mi srid do | ci ste skye bahi dus na skye ba len la gnas pani dus na gnas pa yin z'in thjig pahi dus na hjig pasi snam na hdi yan mi rigs to || hdi ltar | gnis gnis dag ni med pa ru | ji Itar re re rtsom par hgyur || hdir skye bahi dus na gnas pa dan mi rtag pa' gnis med pas gnas pa dan thjig pa dan bral bahi hdus byas nid med paui phyir skye bar yan mi hgyur ro i de bz'in du gnas pahi dus dan hjig pahi dus su yan gnis gnis dag med par re re hjug pa mi srid la l de med pas hdus byas ma yin no || AdimadhyAvasAnAnAM prAgutpattena smbhvH| ihaadimdhyaavsaanaanyutpaadsthitibhnggaaH| te tAvadutpAdaprAgavasthAyAM satkharUpeNa ma vidyanta iti prAgutpatte: saMskRtaM na smbhvti| athotpattikAle gTahItajanmanaH sthitikAle tiSThato bhaGgAkAle bhaGgo bhavatIti manyate tadapi na yujyate / tathA hi ___ pravRttaM kathamekaikaM satyabhAve hayoIyoH / ihotpAdakAle sthitibhaGgayorDayorabhAvAt sthitibhaGgavirahitasya sNskRtsyaabhaavaabaastytyaadH| tathA sthitikAle bhaGgakAle ca yoIyorabhAvAdakaikasya prahattina sambhavati / tadabhAvAcca nAsti saMskRtam // 5 // 356 CSV: hdi las kyan hdus byas kyi skye ba mi rigs te gan gi phyir | = itaca na yuktaH sNskRtsyotpaadH| yata:-- / gz'an gyi dnos po med par ni | bdag gi dros po hbyun ba med de yi phyir na bdag gz'an ni gnis ka las hbyun yod ma yin || 6 || V yena bhavad vinanysmat svayam bhavo na jayate tena svas ca paras ceti dvayor nunam na sambhavah || 6 | 1 Here mi rtag pa (=mi rtag pa nid)=hjig pa, anityata=vyaya=bhanga. See MV, p. 545, n. 6.

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357] CHAPTER XV 239 I think it is not right. I may, however, propose the following : prabhAva parabhAvasya svabhAvo naiva vidyte| ubhAbhyAM svaparAbhyAM tadutpAdo naiva vidyate // 6 // CSV hdir bum pa la ran las grub pani no bo med do gyo mo la bltos pahi phyir ro il gyo mo de dag la yan bdag gi dnos po med de gseg ma la bltos pahi phyir ro II deni phyir de Itar na gz'an gyi dnos po gyo mo med na bum pa la bdag gi dnos po yod pa ma yin no || de bz'in du gyo mo dag la gyo moni bdag gi dnos po med na gyo mo dag bum pa la bltos nas gz'an pa nid duhan mi hgyur ro il gan gi phyir de Itar bdag gi dios po med par hgah yan gz'an nid du mi hgyur badehi phyir gois ka las skye ba mi srid de l bdag dan gz'an dag mi srid pahi phyir ro || ran gi no bo med pas ran las skye ba mi srid do ll gz'an yan ran gi no bos ma grub pahi phyir gz'an las yan mi srid pas skye ba med do || __=iha ghaTasya svataHsiddha svarUpaM nAsti kpaalaapekssnnaat| kapAlAnAmapi teSAM nAsti svabhAvaH shrkraapekssnnaat| tasmAdevamasatyanyabhAve kapAle nAsti ghaTasya svabhAvaH / tathA kapAlAnAM kapAlakhamAvAbhAve teSAM ghaTamapekSyAnyatvamapi na bhavati / yasmAdevaM svabhAvaM vinA kasyacidamyanyatvaM nAsti tasmAdubhayata utpAdo na sambhavati / anyacca svarUpAsi randhato'pi na sambhavatIti nAstya tpAdaH // 6 // 357 CSV : gz'an yan skye ba yode pa hdi skye ba pohi sia rol bam phyis sam cig car rtog gran na de la gal te sna rol tu yin na ni mi rigs terten med pahi phyir ro || ci ste phyis yin na de yan mi rigs te ma skyes pa ni yod pa ma yin pahi phyir dan | skye ba don med paai phyir ro || ci ste cig car yin na ni deni tshe gnis ICf. MK, I.3: avidyamane sva bhave para bhavo na vidyate ! XXI. 13 : na svato jayate bhavah parato naiva jayate na svatah paratas caiva jayate jayate kutah || 1.1: na svato napi parato na dvabhyam napyahetutah | utpanna jatu vidyante bhavah kvacana kecana !! MKa IV. 22: sato va parate vapi na kineid vastu jayate 11 .xmed.

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240 CATUHSATAKA . [368 yan phan tshun bltos pa med pa nid du hgyur ro || deni phyir de ltar na] -anycc| kimayamutpAda utpattuH pUrva vA pazcAhA yugapahAnubaddhaH / tatra yadi puurvm| na yujyte| AzrayAbhAvAt / atha pshcaat| tadapi na yujyte| ajaatsyaasttvaadutpaadvaiyrthyaacc| atha yugapat / tadA iyamapyupakAra. nirpekssm| tasmAdevaM sti-| sion dan phyis dan cig cer z'es | brjod pa nid du mi nus pa dehi phyir skye dan bum pa la cig car hbyun ba yod mi yin || 7 || In a V wrongly sdon for snon, and ci for cig. V purvam param ca yugapad v@ktum eva na sakyate | ghatasya janmanas cato yuga pan naiva sambhavah || 7 || I should like to modify it as below : pUrva pazcAcca yugapadaktuM khalu na zakyate / tasmAghaTasya jAtezca yugapanAsti sambhavaH // 7 // For d see 361b in both the versions, Skt. and Tib. Here sambhava is to be taken in the sense of utpada, jati, udbhava (byan ba). CSV : gan gi phyir skye ba po dan skye ba la rim par brjod mi srid pa dehi phyir skyes dan bum pa lat cig car hbyun ba yod mi yin no ll gan gi tshe yod pa ma yin pa deni tshe bum pa skyelo z'es bya bar mi rigs so || -yasmAdutpattarutpAdasya ca kramakathanaM na sambhavati tasmAhaTasya jAtezca yugapabAsti sambhavaH // yadA sadbhAva eva nAsti tadA ghaTo jAyata iti na yujyate // 7 // 358 CSV: hdir smras pa ] bum pahi skye ba yod pa nid de gal te hdi skye bar mi hgyur na ni ] deni tshe hdini rnin pahi no bor 1 Tib. anutpadah (skye ba med pa). See p. 239, note 2. * After it Xad. ba.

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358] CHAPTER XV 241 mi hgyur ba z'ig na | hdi la gog po nid kyi mtshan nid can rnin paui ro bo yod par mthon ba yan yin no || dehi phyir rnin pahi no bo yod pas skye ba yod pa nid do || bsad par bya ste | gal te hgah z'ig la rnin pa nid yod na ni skye ba yod par hgyur na | srid pa han ma yin no || ji Itar z'e na | hdi ni gal te rnin pa z'es bya ba cun zad cig yod na ni snar skyes pa nin de phyis skye ba z'ig yin gran na gni ga ltar yan mi skyeho z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ___ =anaah| astyeva ghttsyotpaadH| yadyayaM notpadyata nAsya tadA jIrNaM rUpaM bhvet| dRzyate cAsya hAnilakSaNaM jIrNa ruupm| tasmAjjIrNarUpasadbhAvenAstye votyaadH| ucyte| bhavedutyAdo yadi jINaMmiti kiJcidbhavet / na punaH smbhvti| kathamiti cet / iha yadi jIrNa miti kiJcitsyAt pUrvameva tajjAtaM pazcAhA jaayte| ubhayathApi na jAyata iti prtipaadyvaah-| siar skyes pa yi phyir na ni | snar skyes rnin par mi hgyur z'in | phyi nas kun tu skyes pa yan phyi nas skyes par mi hgyur ro || 8 || In a Vx of CSV pahi for pa yi. In 6 V wrongly rned for rnin. V purvasya purvajattaval labhah ko'pi na vidyate pascat samjayayamano 'pi pa scaj jato na vidyate || 8 || According to the commentary I may suggest the following: neva jINe pUrvajAtaM puurvjaattvhetunaa| pazcAtsarvatra jAtaM cetpazcAjjAtaM na vartate // 8 // CSV : rnin paui rnin pa nid gan yin pa de ni hjig rten gyi dios po snar skyes pa la rtog na | bum pahi snar skyes pahi gnas skabs ni rnin pa nid du mi rigs te deni tshe de la gsar pa z'es bsnad pani phyir ro | phyis skyes pahi gnas skabs khe tsham ma la yan phyis skyes pahi phyir sar pa yin pa rnin pa nid du ga la hgyur || gal te snar skyes pa de da ltar rnin pa yin no z'es na ci sta de nid yin nam gz'an yin | gal te de de nid yin na ni deni tshe sar pahi gnas skabs ma nams pahi phyir de rnin pa ma yin no ! ci ste gz'an yin na ni de ya de Itar skyes pahi phyir sar pa kho 31

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242 CATUHSATAKA [359 nar hgyur bas de rnin pa ma yin no || deni phyir de latr na rnin pa nid med pas de yod pas mtshon pasi skye ba mi srid do 11deg -jorNasya yajjIyatvaM tadyadi loke vastunaH pUrva jAtaM kalpAte ghaTasya pUrvajAtAyA avasthAyA jIrNatvaM na yujyte| tadA tasyA nUtaneti vypdeshaat| pavAjjAtAyAthAvasthAyA pavikalAyAH pazcAjjAtatvena nuutntvm| kuto jIrNatvam / yadi pUrva jAtA sA sAmprataM jiirnneti| ki [sA] maivAnyA vaa| yadi sA saiva tadA natanAyA avasthAyA avinAzAba sA jIrNA / athaanyaa| sApi tahajjAtati nUtanaiveti na jiirnnaa| tasmAdevaM sati jorNatvAbhAvadarzita utpAdo na sambhavati // 8 // 359 CSV hdi las kyan skye ba mi srid do || dus gsum char du yan de mi rigs paui phyir ro || de nid bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ! = ito'pi nAstya tyaadH| na hi sa kAlatraye'pi yujyte| tadeva pratipAdayavAha-1 da Itar ba yi dnos po ni . de nid las hbyun ma yin z'in ] ma hons las hbyun yod min la I. hdas pa las kyan yod ma yin || 9 !! In a Vx of CSV pahi for pa yi, and in b byun for hbyun. V anagatan na bhavati natitad api jayate | vartamanasya bhavasya tasmad eva na sambbah || 9 || I should like to make the following change : vartamAnasya bhAvasya tasmAdeva na sambhavaH / nAnAgatAsambhavo'sti nAtItAdapi vidyate // 8 // CSV: da ltar bahidon hdi nid las de nid hbyun ba ni med de | rgyu dan Ibras bu dag cig car med pahi phyir la / cig car pa nid du yod na yan rgyu dan hbras buli dnos po mi hthad pahi phyir ro || ma hons pa las byuu ba yod min te ma hons pa yod pa ma yin pahi phyir bdag nid can [ma] yin pahi phyir ro || hdas pa las kyan hbyun ba yod pa ma yin tol hdas pa yan yod pa ma yin pahi phyir ro Il gan gi tshe dus gsum char

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360] CHAPTER XV 243 du yan hbyun ba yod pa ma yin pa deui tshe ran bz'in gyis skye ba med do z'es bya ba gnas so || vrtmaano'rthH| sa khalu tammAdeva na smbhvti| hetuphalayorayogapadyAt / yogapadyabhAve'pi hetuphalabhAvAnupapatteH / nAnAgatAsambhavo'sti / anAgatasyAsahAvana niraatmktvaat| nAtItAdapi sambhavo vidyte| atiitsthaapysdbhaavaat| yadA kAlatraye'pi sambhavo nAsti tadA nAsti kharUpeNotpAda iti sthitam // 2 // - 360 CSV: gz'an yan gal te dnos po de dag la ran gi no bos yod na ni deni tshe ran bz'in la ldog pa med pas dnos po skyes pani ran bz'in ma byua ba las hbyun ba med pahi phyir gsed nas hons par hgyur ro || hgags pahi ran bz'in la yai byun nas yodi pa med pahi phyir gsed ru hgro bar thgyur na hdi ni srid pa yan ma yin no ll boom ldan hdas kyis dge slon dag de Itar na mig ni skye ba gan nas hons pa ma yin la hgag pa ni gan yan hgro ba ma yin no zes gsuns la de bz'in du h phags pa glan po tshal gyi mdo las gal te chos rnams ran bz'in yod hgyur na rgyal ba nan thos boas pas de mkhyen hgyur ther zuga chos ni mya nan hdah mi hgyur | mkhas rnams nam yan spros dan bral mi hgyur || zes gsuns so || dehi phyir da ltar na don gai zig | = anycc| yadi teSAM bhAvAnAM svabhAvena sadbhAvastadA svabhAvasyAnihatterjAtA bhAvAH khabhAvanAnudbhUtatvAdudbhavAbhAvAtkuta aagcchnti| niruddha khabhAvatve'pi bhUtvA sadbhAvAbhAvAka gcchnti| na cedaM smbhvti| ukta hi bhagavatA-evaM cakSurbhikSava utpadyamAnaM na kutathidAgacchati nirudhyamAnaM na kcincchti| evam prA yaM hasti ka kSya sUtre 'pyu lAm 1x med. ...xthu. But see MV, p. 388%3 MVt.el. Sakaki, 7283. * It is from the Para martha sunya ta as quoted in BCP, pp. 581 ff. adding samnicayam between kvacit and gacchati and the following after gacchati : iti hi bhiksavab caksur a bhutva bhavati bhutva ca prativigacchati. See Pita putrasa magama quoted in Ss, pp. 250 fi.; Poussin's note, BCP, p. 582..... * Kanjur, Mdo, M, fols. 155-179; Feer, p. 261 ; Nanjio, 193-4. It is quoted in MV, 388,6143,88 pp. 133, 404; SS, p. 67; MVt,865-75.

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244 CATUHSATAKA yadi ko ci dharmANa bhavetsvabhAva: tatraiva gaccheya jinaH sazrAvakaH / kUTasthadharmANa siyA na nivato / a faqat ua aid afue a: 11 tasmAdevaM yasyArthasya skyes pa la ni hon ba dan || de bz'in hgags la hgro ba med | de Itar yin na ci lta bur! srid pa sgyu ma hdra ma yin i| 10 || In a V wrongly pa for ba. V and Vx of CS hgag for. hgags in b and lta for Itar in c. For ci in c Vx of CSV ji. V utpannasyagatir nasti niruddhasya tatha gatih | bhavo mayapatikasah kathem evam na jayate | 10 ! I may change it slightly as follows : utpannasyAgatirnAsti nirutasya gatistathA / evaM sati kathaM naiva bhavo mAyopamo bhavet // 10 // CSV: de las nes par ran bz'in med do l gal te de la ran bz'in med naci z'ig yod ce na brjod par bya ste gan kun las non mons pa dan rnam par byan bahi rgyur byas pani no bo rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba de yod la ) sgyu mar byas pahi glan po che dan rta la sogs pa dan hdra ba de yai byis pa phyin ci log pa. dag gis ran bz'in dan bcas pa nid du yons su rtog go || hphags pa rnams kyis ni sgyu ma dan smig rgyu la sogs pa ltar ran bz'in med pa don ji Ita ba bz'in du yous su gcod de | ji skad du m d o las du m d o las sems can mi dan sed skyes kyan run ste ? hdir skye si ba hgah yan skye mi hgyur | 1 Quoted in MV, pp. 388, 514. In the Tib. version ko ci in a is omitted. For tatraiva gaccheya in b Tib. reads de mkhyen hgyur which literally means, as required, tam a vagacchet, here in Buddhist Skt. tam a vagaccheya, Tib. mkhyen meaning to know.' The meaning of the line is not quite clear to me. Here sed seems to be for bed bu, Skt. manava.

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360] CHAPTER XV 245 chos kun ran bz'in sgyu hdra ston pa ste mu stegs can gyis ses par nus ma yin ||1 z'es gsuns la llo slob dpon yan hphags pahi ye ses la bltos nas rnam par dpyod pahi hbras bu brjod pahi phyir gsuis pa ni de ltar yin na ji Ita bur | .. srid pa sgyu ma hdra ma yin !! z'es bya ba sterten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba ni ji Ita ba bz'in mthon ba sgyu ma byas pa lta bur hgyur gyi mo gsam gyi bu Ita bu ni ma yin no ll gal te rnam par spyod pa hdis skye ba rnam pa thams cad du bkag pa las hdus byas skye ba med par bstan par hdod na ni dehi tshe de sgyu ma lta bu nid du mi hgyur gyi mo gsam gyi bu la sogs pa dag gis ne bar gz'al bar hgyur ba z'ig na rten cin hbrel bar hbyui ba med par thal bar hgyur bahi hjigs pas de dag dan bstun pa mi byed kyi de dan mi hgal ba sgyu ma la sogs pa, dag dan ni byed do || dehi phyir hphags pa ni sgyu ma byas pa Ita buhi srid pa snin po med pa nid du gzigs pa na snin po med pahi hkhor ba la chags pa thams cad yons su zad pas rnam par grol bar hgyur bas hdi la mi rigs pa ci yan med de || hdir rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba la skur ba ma btab pas hjig rten paui rnam par bz'ag pa thams cad mi hjig la yan dag pa ji lta ba bz'in khon du chud pas thar pa hgrub pahi phyir ro || ___ = tato danaM nAsti svabhAvaH / yadi tasya svabhAvo nAsti kimastIti cet / ucyate / yasale zavyavadAnahetunibandhanaM kRtakaM rUpaM pratItyasamutpannaM tadasti / mAyAkatagajaturaGgAdivat / tacca viparyastai laiH sakhabhAvameva klpaate| Aryaistu mAyAmaraucivaviHkhabhAvo'rtho ythaavtpricchidyte| yathota sUtre . sattvo narI mAnava jAta yujyate jAto mRto'smintra ca koci jaayti| mAyeva dharmA hi khabhAvazUnyA jJAtu samarthAstu na bhonti tothikAH // iti| AcAryo'pyAyaM jJAnamapekSya vicAraphalamuddhAvayabAha evaM sati kathaM naiva bhavo mAyopamo bhavet // iti| pratItyasamutpatraM hi yathAvadRSTaM mAyikasadRzaM vandhyAputra iva 1 See vrtti, 375 (=XV-25) where it is quoted again;

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246 CATUHSATAKA [361 naasti| yadyanena vicAraNotyAdasya sarvathA pratiSihatvAtsaMskRtaM sarvathA notpadyata iti pratipipAdayiSitaM tadA tanmAyAvadeva na jaayte| vandhyAputrAdibhirupamAyAM tu pratItyasamutpAdAbhAvaprasaGgabhayAna tairupmiiyte| api tu tdvirddhairmaayaadibhiH| tasmAnmAyAvatasyeva bhavasyAsAratAvalokane'sArasaMsArasarvarAgakSayAhimutirbhaviSyatItIha na kiJcadAcAryasyAyuktam / iha pratItyasamutpAdAnapavAdena laukikasarvavyavasthAyA avinAze yathAvatsamyagavagamAnmokSaH sidhyatIti // 10 // 361 CSV : de Itar hdus byas sgyu ma byas pa Ita bur brjod nas desi mtshan nid rnams kyan yod paui ro bo ma yin par bstan pahi phyir bsad pa =evaM saMskRtaM mAyAkatamivottA tallakSaNAnyapi na sadrUpANIti pratipAdayavAha skye dan gnas dan hjig pa rnams | cig car hbyun ba yod min z'in | rim gyis hbyun ba yod min na ! nam z'ig hbyun ba yod par hgyur || 11 || For car in 6 V and Vx of CS char evidently for tshar. In d V wrongly kyis for gyis. ___ * utpAdasthitibhaGgAnAM yugapabAsti sambhavaH / kramazaH sambhavo nAsti sambhavo vidyate kadA // 11 // CSV: re z'ig phan tshun hgal bahi phyir skye ba dan gnas pa dan hjig pa rnams skad cig ma geig la hbyui ba ni med do || rim gyis kyan hbyun ba yod pa ma yin te gnis gnis dag med par re re hbyun ba med pahi phyir ro || rim dan cig car ma gtogs par grub pahi rgyu gz'an ma gzigs pahi phyir. nam z'ighbyun ba yod par hgyur zes bya ba smos so [] anyonyavirodhAttAvadutpAdasthitibhaGgAnAmakasmin kSaNe na sambhavaH / kramazo'pi nAsti smbhvH| hayoiyorabhAva ekaikasyAsambhavAt / kramayogapadyAbhyAmanyatra siherhetvantarAnavalokanAduktaM sambhavo vidyate kdaa|| iti // 11 // 1Quoted in CSV, 201(=IX. 1); HPS, p.482.

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3627 CHAPTER XV 247 362 CSV : gz'an yan | skye ba la sogs pa hdi rnams hdu byed kyi phun poli khons su gtogs pahi phyir hdus byas nid yin te deni phyir nes par de rnams la yan hdus byas kyi mtshan nid gz'an dag gcig hbyun bar bya dgos so || z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | =anycc| utpAdAdInAmaSAM saMskAraskandhAntagatatvAt saMskRtatvam / tammAniyataM teSAmapyanyaiH saMskRtalakSaNairakAntena bhavitavyamiti prtipaadybaah-| skye ba la sogs thams cad la slar yan thams cad hbyun ba ste ! de las hjig pa skye hdra z'in | gnas pa thjig dan hdra bar snan || 12 | In c V and Vx of CS phyir for las. V utpadadisu sarvesu punah sarvasya sambhavah | tasmad utpadavad bhango drsyate bhanga vat sthitih || 12 || I should like to modify it very slightly : utpAdAdiSu sarveSu sarveSAM sambhavaH punaH / . tasmAdutpAdavahaGgo bhagavadRzyate thitiH // 12 // CSV : skye ba la sogs te skye ba dan gnas pa dan hjig pa hdus byas nid du khas blans pa rnams la slar yan thams cad hgyur ba ste yan thams cad hbyun bar hgyur ro || han hbyun ba yin na ni skye ba la skye ba gz'an du hgyur ro ji ltar skye ba la skye ba gz'an yin pahi tshul de las hjig pa skye hdra z'in ste ] hjig pa la yan hdus byas yin pas mtshan nid gsum dan ldan no u desi phyi hjig pa la yan hjig pa gz'an yod pas hjig pahi hjig par hgyur ro || de dag la yan gz'an dag yin z'in | de la yan gz'an dag tu hgyur bas thug pa med de | thug pa med pa yin na yan dnos po thams cad mi hgrub pas hdus byas kyi mtshan nid Inams ran bz'in gyis med do 11 = utpAdAdiSu saMskRtatvenAbhyupagateSUtyAdasthitibhaGgeSu sarveSAM sambhavaH punH|

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248 CATUHSATAKA [363 punaH sarveSAM sambhavo bhvet| puna: sambhave cotpAdasyotyAdAntaraM bhavet / yathotpAdasyotpAdAntaranyAya[stathA] tsmaattutpaadvdbhnggH| bhaGgasyApi saMskRtatvena lakSaNatrayayogaH / tasmAdbhaGgasyApi bhaGgAntarasadbhAvAdbhaGgasya bhaGgo bhavet / teSAmapyanye teSAmapyanya prtynvsthaa| anavasthAyAM ca sarveSAM bhAvAnAmasiddherna santi svabhAvena saMskRtalakSaNAni // 12 // 363 CSV: gz'an yan mtshan nid hdi rnams hbyun ba na mtshan gz'i las tha dad pahi no bo can z'ig gam tha mi dad pa z'ig mtshan nid kyi las la hjug gran na de la re z'ig | = api c| eSAM lakSaNAnAM sambhave lakSyAzivarUpeNAbhinnarUpaNa vA lakSaNakarmaNi prvRttiH| tatra taavt| mtshan las mtshan gz'i gz'an z'e na mtshan gz'i mi rtag nid ga las | yan na bz'i ga yan yod pahi | no bor gsal bar yod ma yin || 13 || In a V and Vx of CS dan for las ; Vx of CS med for gz'i. In c Vard Vx of CS gahan and pa yi for ga yan and paui respectively. V bhinnam cel laksanal laksyam laksyasyanityata kutah | caturnam api tad vyaktam satsvabhavo na vidyate | 13|| I should like to change it as follows :: lakSyaM cellakSaNAdanya lakSyasyAnityatA kutH|| caturNAmathavA vyaktaM sadbhAvo' naiva vidyate // 1 // CSV : ji ltar tsha ba dan dran ba dan bde ba dan sdug bsnal ba la sogs pa dag gcig la gcig med par thgyur bas gz'an nid du gnas pa de bz'in du mtsan gz'i yan mtshan nid las tha dad par hjug pa na mi rtag pa nid med par yan hbyuo bar hgyur na hdus byas ni mi rtag pa nid med par hbyun ba ma yin pas hdini gz'an nid mi rigs so | ci ste nes pa hdi span bar hdod nas mtshan nid dan mtshan gz'i gz'an ma yin pa nid du rtog na ni dehi tshe skyon gz'an hdi yin te | di ltar 1 Yod pani no bo =sad bhava, see 369 (=XV. 19), Tib. d, Skt. c.

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CHAPTER XV 249 yan na bzi ga yan yod pahi | ni bor gsal bar yod ma yin !! kal te mtshan nid gsum dan mtshan gz'i gcig nid du khas len na ) desi tshe mtshan nid gsum dan mtshan gz'i ste bz'i char yan dnos po med par hgyur roll ji ltar z'e na | hdir gcig nid du khas blans pa yin na ni mtshan gz'i nid du' mi rigs pahi phyir la mtshan gz'i yai mtshan nid du mi rigs pahi phyir bz'i car yan med par hgyur baham | yan na ran gi no bo ma grub pahi phyir de nid dan gz'an nid du khas blais par mi byaho || ___-yathA zItoSNasukhaduHkhAdInAmekaikasyAbhAvAdanyatvaM vartate tathA lakSyamapi lakSyaNAdbhinna pravartate cedanityatvaM na bhvet| saMskRtaM ca vinAnityatvaM na sambhavatoti nAsyAnyatvaM yuktam / athAsya doSasya parijihIrSayA lakSyalakSaNayoramanyatvaM kalpAte tadAyamaparo dossH| tathA hi . caturNAmathavA vyahaM sadbhAvo naiva vidyate // yadi lakSaNatrayaH lakSya caikamevAbhyupagamyate tadA lakSaNa trayaM lakSya' ceti catvArA 'pi bhAvA na bhveyuH| kmiti| ihai kyAbhyupagame lakSyaM na yujyte| sasthamapi ca lakSaNa na yujyata iti catvAryapi na bhavanti / api ca kharUpAsiyA tavamanyatvaM ca nAbhyupagantavyam // 13 // 364 CSV : hdir smras pa ) skye ba la sogs pa rnams ni yod pa nid de de dag gi rgyu mtshan gyi rgyu yod pahi phyir ro || hdir myu gu la sogs pa rnams rgyuhi tshogs pa de dan de la brten nas hbyun bar de la mkhas pa rnams hchad do ll gal te skye ba la sogs pa rnams med na ni rgyuhi tshogs pa don med pa nid du hgyur na | don med pa yan ma yin no || dehi phyir skye ba la Bogs pa rnams yod pa nid do || bsad par bya ste | gal te hgah z'ig las hgah z'ig skye bar hgyur na ni skye ba la sogs pa dag tu hgyur na ) srid pa yan ma yin no z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ! - anaah| santye va tpAdAdayasteSAM nimitthetusdbhaavaat| ihAirAdayastAM tAM hetusAmagrI pratItyotpadyanta iti tadabhijJA vyaacksste| yadyat1 X da See 351 (=XV. 1), note 2. : V refers it to MK, V. 7 and says : laksya, laksana, bhava, and a bhava. This is not right. 4 For laksya and laksana see MK, V. 2-7. 32

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250 CATUHSATAKA [36 pAdAdayo na syahetusAmagrI vyarthA syAt / na tu vyrthaa| tasmAtsantya votpaadaadyH| ucyte| syurutpAdAdayo yadi kinycitkutshcidutpdyet| na ha sambhavatIti pratipAdayavAha dios po dnos las mi skye ste dios po dros med las mi skye! dnos med dios med mi skye ste dnos med dnos las mi skye ho || In c Vx of CS and CSV po for first med. * na bhAvAjjAyate bhAvo bhAvo'bhAvAna jaayte| Hasta Shia1157171 Hare Atuall'88 !!? CSV : re z'ig dnos po myu gu grub pani no bo ni dios po sa bon rnem par ma gyur pa las skye ba mi srid de rnam par hgyur bz'in pa ma yin pahi se bon skyed par byed. pa nid du mi rigs pahi phyir la grub pahi myu gu dros pohi no bo slar yan skye bar mi rigs paui phyir | dios po med pa las kyan mi skye ste dnos po med pas mes tshig pahi sa bon la ni hbras bu bskyed pahi nus pa med la skye bahi no bo can gyi dnos po la yan slar skye ba med pas duos po med pa las mi skye ho || duos po med pa dnos po med pa las kyan mi skye ste doos po med pa las cun zad kyan skye bahi nus pa med pahi phyir la || dnos po med pa la mo gsam gyi bu la sogs pa Itar skye ba mi srid pahi phyir dnos po med pa las kyan dnos po med pa mi skye ho || duos po med pa ni dnos po las kyan mi skye ste bsad zin pahi nes pa thog tu hbab pa nid kyi phyir ro || de Itar na dros po las kyan duos po med pa mi skyho || gan gi tshe. dnos po dan duos po med pa las dnos po dan dios po med pa skye ba yod pa ma yin pa deni tshe skye ba mi srid pas rgyu, dan rkyen gyi tshogs pas duos po ci z'ig yod de | hdi ni gyi naho !| - bhAvastAtsiddharUpo'Gguro bhAvAdavikatAhaujAjjAyata iti na smbhvti| na hyavikriyamANasya bIjasya janakatvaM yujyte| na ca siddhesyAGkarasya 1 This karika is in fact identical with MK, XXI. 12, from which the original Skt. is given above. The Tib. version is also the same. V seems not to have noticed it and gives the following which is admirable : bhavo na jayate bhavad bhavo 'bhavan na jayate nabhavo jayate 'bhavad abhavo bhavato na call

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365] CHAPTER XV 251 bhAvasya rUpaM :punarapi jAyata iti yuktam / abhAvAdapi na jaayte| abhAvAdagnidagdhe bIje phalajanakazorabhAva utpattilakSaNavato bhAvasya punarapyutpAdo na bhavatItyabhAvAba jaayte| abhAvAdapyabhAvo na jaayte| na hyabhAvAtkiJcidutpattuM shknoti| abhAvasya nandhyAputrAdivadutpAdAsambhavAnAbhAvAdapyabhAvo jaayte| bhAvAdapyamAvo na jaayte| uttadoSavajapAtAt / tathA ca bhAvAdapyabhAvo na jaayte| yadA bhAvAdabhAvAcca bhAvo'bhAvazca na jAyate tadA jAtinaM sambhavatIti ko'sti hetupratyayasAmagrA bhAvaH / tuccho'yam // 14 // 365 CSV : hdi las kyan yod pa ma yin te skye ba dan hjig pa dag mi rigs pasi phyir ro || hdir skye ba duos pohi ran bz'in gyi don nam dros po med paui ran bz'in rtog gran na | de bz'in du hjig pa yan rtog pa na i dnos po ham duos po med pa z'ig la rtog gran na rnam pa thams cad du me srid do z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa] : =ito'pi nAsti bhaavo| utpAdabhaGgayorayuktatvAt / ihotpAdo bhAvasya svabhAvArtho'bhAvasya vA svabhAvArthaH klpaate| evaM bhaGgo'pi kalpAte cedbhAvasthAbhAvasya vA klpaate| sarvathApi na sambhavatIti pratipAdayavAha dnos po duos por mi hgyur te ] dnos med dros por mi hgyur rol dnos med dnos med mi hgyur te ___dhos po dhos med mi hgyur ro || 15 || V bhavo na jayate bhavo 'bhavo bhavo na jayate | nabhavo jayate'bhavo bhavo'bhavo na jayate || 15 || This is good. The following may also be proposed : bhAvo naiva bhavedbhAvo'bhAvo bhAvo bhavenna c| bhavedabhAvo nAbhAvo bhAvo'bhAvo bhavena ca // 15 // CSV : de la dros po z'es bya ba ni skyes sio bdag nid kyi dios po rned pahi don te de slar yan dios por mi hgyur z'in | slar yau skye bar mi hgyur te | yod pa skye ba don med pasi phyir ro || de Itar na dros po dnos por mi hgyur ro ||

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252 CATUHSATAKA (365 dros po med pa yan dnos por mi hgyur ro || dnos po med pa zles bya ba yod pa ma yin pa ji Itar duos po hyur te mo gsam gyi bu yan skye bar thal bahi phyir rol de latar na dnos po med pa yan dios por mi hgyur ro de Itar na re z'ig dros pohi dros po med pa dan dnos por mi hgyur bas skye ba mi srid do L. del ni hjig pa yan mi srid, de | ji ltar ze na | re zig dios po med pa ni duos po med par mi hgyur te / yod pa ma yin pa la ni ri bon gi rwa ltar yan dnos po med pa med pahi phyir ro || deui phyir dnos po med pa duos po med par mi hgyur ro || dnos po yan dios po med par gyi? hgyur te | phan tshun hgal bahi phyir ro | dros po med pa med na ni thjig pa med la skye ba dan hjig pa ed do z'es bya bar grub po || ji skad du | bcom ldan hdus kyis hdus byas hdus ma byas kun rnam par: dben | dran sron de dag rnam rtog mi mnah ste hgro ba kun la hdus ma byas thob cin| rtag tu lta bar gyur pas rnam par dben || z'es gsuns so ll -tatra bhAva iti jAto lbdhaatmbhaavo'rthH| sa punarapi bhAvo na bhavet / punarapi na jaayet| sata utpAdavaiyarthyAt / evaM ca / bhAvo naiva bhavedbhAvaH / abhAvo'pi bhAvo na bhvet| prabhAva ityasan kathaM bhAvo bhvet| vkssyaaputrsyaapyutyaadprsnggaat| evaM satyabhAvo'pi bhAvo na bhvet| evaM tAvadbhAvasya na bhAvo na cAbhAvo bhavediti na smbhvtyutyaadH| bhaGgo'pyasya na sambhavati / kthmiti| prabhAvastAvanAbhAvo bhvet| na hyasataH khrvissaannsyevaabhaavH| tasmAdabhAvo nAbhAvo bhavet / bhAvo'pi nAbhAvo bhavet / parasparavirodhAt / abhAvAbhAve bhnggaabhaavH| utpAdabhaGgAbhAve ca nAsti saMskRtamiti sidhyati / yathoka bhagavatA saMskRta saMskRtasarvaviviktA nAsti vikalpana teSamRSINAm / 1xda. .xkyi. * X pha.

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366] CHAPTER XV 253 sarvagatISu prasaMskRtaprAptA dRSTigatehi sadaiva vivitA // sfa v puen 366 CSV hdir smras pa | skyes pa mi skye la ma skyes pa yan mi skye ste dnos po dan duos po med pa dag la skye ba bkag pahi phyir ro i ho na ci z'e na / skye bz'in pahi don skyeho || hdi yan mi rigs so z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa =qaigi grat a graseratsra a giai fafaut fe HrarbhaavyorjaatiH| kiM tIMti cet / jAyamAno'rtho jaayte| idamapi nu yuktAfafa afagigjan-1 skye bz'in pa ni phyed skyes phyir ! skye bz'in pa ni skye mi hgyur yai na tham's cad skye bz'in pa 1 nid ni yin par thal bar hgyur || 16 || In a V yi for ni. * jAyamAnAIjAtatvAjjAyamAnoM na jaayte| athavA jAyamAnatvaM sarvasyaiva prasajyate // 16 // CSV: skye bz'in pa ni phyed skyes phyir | skye bz'in pa ni skye mi hgyur | gal te gan cun zad cig skyes sin cun zad cig ma skyes pa de skye bz'in pa yin na de ltar na ni ho na skye bz'in pa de yod pa ma yin te skyes pa dan ma skyes pa dag la rjes su z'ugs pas gz'an gsum pa skye bz'in pahi dus kyi rnam pa med do || deni phyir med pa nid kyis skye bz'in pa mi skyho il gal te gni gahi no bo skye3 bz'in pa yin na ni dehi phyir dehi gan cun zad cig skyes pa de ni skyes pahi khons su gtogs pahi phyir mi skye ste | dnos po ni mi skyeho z'es brjod pahi phyir ro || desi cun zad ma skyes pa gan yin pa de yan mi skye ste dnos po med pa mi skyeho z'es brjod pahi phyir ro || ci ste skyes pa dan ma skyes pa dag la skye bz'in pa nid rtog na de lta yin na | hdas pa dan ma thons i Quoted in MV, p.179. Quoted in MV, p.-80. 8 X skyes.

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254 CATUHSATAKA [354 pa gnis kyan skye bz'in pa nid du hgyur ro ! z'es bstan paui phyir bsad pa| yan na thams cad skye bz'in pa nid ni yin par thal bar hgyur || z'es bya ba smos so || skye bahi bya ba thob par gyur pa skyes z'in pa ni mi gnas pani phyir hdas pa kho nar hgyur la ma skyes pa ni ma hons par hgyur ro || deni phyir hdir skye bz'in la skye ba rtog na yan na dus gsum po thams cad skye bz'in pahi kho's su gtogs pa ham | yan na skye bz'in pa ze's bya ba gan na yan med dozes bya bar gnas so |J =jAyamAnAIjAtatvAjjAyamAno na jaayte|| yadi yasya kiJcijjAtaM kiJcidajAtaM tajjAyamAnaM tayevaM na tajjAyamAnam / jAtAjAtAnupravezana nAparastutIyo jAyamAnasya kaalaakaarH| tasmAdasattvena jAyamAno na jaayte| yadyubhayarUpaM jaaymaanm| tasmAdeva tasya yatkiJcijjAtaM tajjAtAntargatatvAnna jaayte| bhAvo na jAyata ityu toH| tasya yatkiJcidajAtaM tadapi na jaayte| nAbhAvo jAyata ityu ktH| atha yadi jAtAjAtayorjAyamAnatvaM klpaate| tathA satyatItAnAgatayorjAyamAnatvaM syAditi pratipAdayannAha atha vA jAyamAnatvaM sarvasyaiva prasajyate // ityuktam / prAptajanmavyApAro jAto nAvatiSThata ityatIta eva bhavati / prajAto'nAgato bhvti| tasmAdeveha jAyamAnasya jAtiH klpaate| athavA kAlatraye sarvameva jAyamAnAntargatamathavA na kimapi jAyamAnamastIti sthitam // 16 // 367 CSV : gz'an yan skye bz'in pahi dnos por gnas pa yons su brtag pa gan yin pa de ci skye bz'in pahi bdag nid du bya ba ham skye bz'in pahi bdag nid du bya ba ma yin pa z'ig tu. hgyur gran na gni ga Itar yan skyon du hgyur ro z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | =api ca yo jAyamAno bhAvo vartata iti parikalpAte sa kiM jAyamAnAtmanA kArya uta jaaymaanaatmnaa'kaayH| ubhayadarzane'pi doSa iti pratipAdayavAha-1 1364(=xV. 14). ? As bsad (aha) is already mentioned smos (uktam) is not necessary here.

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358] . CHAPTER XV 255 skye bz'in pa yi bdag nid du | bya ba skye bz'in par mi hgyur | skye bz'in pa yi bdag nid du | mi byahan skye bz'in par mi hgyur || 17 ||| V jayamanasvarupena jayamano na jayate | jayamanasvarupena jayamano na jayate || 17 || V has not here translated bya ba, karya, in band mi bya, akarya, in d. 1 propose the following: jAyamAnAtmamA kAryoM jAyamAno na jAyate / jAyamAnAtmanA'kAryoM jAyamAno na jAyate // 17 // CSV : skye bz'in pahi ran bz in gan yin pa de ni dehi bdag nid du rnam par goas pahi phyir bya ba ma yin la !! gan z'ig skye bz'in pahi bdag nid du mi bya ba de yan skye bz'in par mi hgyur te skye bz'in pahi bdag nid du ma gyur pahi phyir rol gan z'ig skye bz'in pahi bdag nid du bya ba de yan skye bz'in pa ma yin pa ltar skye bz'in par mi hgyur bas skye bz'in pa med do || skye bz'in pa med pas kyan skye bz'in pa me skyeho || . =yo jAyamAnasvabhAvaH sa tadAtmanA vyavasthitana kaayH| yo jAya. mAnAtmanA'kAryaH so'pi na jAyamAno bhavet / jAyamAnAtmanA'bhUtatvAt / yo jAyamAnAtmanA kAyaH so'pyajAyamAna iva jAyamAno na bhavatIti na jaaymaanH| jAyamAnAbhAvAcca jAyamAno na jAyate // 17 // 368 CSV : hdir smras pa | skye bz'in pahi don de ni yod pa nid de hdas pa dan ma hons pani bar na gnas pahi phyir ro || hdir hdas pa dan ma hons pahi bar na skye bz'in pa z'es bya ba yod te gal te med na ni ci la bltos nas hdas pa dan ma hons pa rnam par hjog par hgyur !! de yod na ni ma hons pahi don de la ma hons pa dan thal ba z'es bya ba de la hdas pa z'es brjod do I dehi phyir skye bz'in pa la bltos pa nid kyis dus gnis po de rigs so || bsad par bya ste | _ --anaah| astye ka sa jAyamAno'rtho'tItAnAgatayomadhye'vasthAnAt / ihAtotAnAgatayomadhye jAyamAno nAma vidyte| yadi na vidyata kimapekSyA

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256 CATUHSATAKA [369 totAnAgatayorvyavasthA syAt / tatsadbhAve hi so'nAgato'rtho'nAgato nAma atikrAntazca so'tIto naamocyte| tato jAyamAnApekSaNAdeva tatkAlavayaM yujyte| ucyate gan gi gnis po bar med par | srid pa yod pa ma yin pa ! de la skye bz'in pa med do gan phyir de lahan bar yod phyir || 18 || In a Vx of CSV gis for gi. antareNa vinA yasya hayasyAsti na sambha vaH / jAyamAno na tasyAsti syAttasyApyantaraM yataH // 18 // . CSV : yasya vAdino'ntareNa vinA madhyaM vinAtItAnAgatasya dayasya nAsti sambhavaH [tasya] jAyamAno naasti| kathaM kRtvA / syAttasyApyantaraM ytH| yathA jAyamAnasyAtItAnAgatAntarvatitvamevaM tasyApi jAyamAnasya jAtAjAtarUpasya madhye na bhavitavya yadapekSya jAtAjAtavyavasthAnaM syaat| taccaitadazakya' jAtAjAtayorantarA DhatIyaM jAyamAnaM nAma vyvsthaapyitum| sarvatraiva jAtAjAtayorantarA jAyamAnakalpanAnavasthAprasaGgAt // 18 // 369 CSV : atraah| nevAIjAto jAyamAno yato yathopavarNitadoSaprasaGgaH syaat| kiM trhi| yasya nirodhena jAtaH padArtho bhavati sa jAta prAgavasthArUze'rtho jAyamAna ityucyata iti tadeva prtipaadyvaah-| gan gi phyir na skye bz in pa | hgags pas skyes pa skye hgyur bal de yi phyir na skye bz'in pa gz'an yan yod pani no bor snan || 19 || 1 According to the wording of CSV antarenao sam is reconstructed by V. 2 Tib. ad, darsane (Itar). This is throughout the work. 3 Tib. de la ; HPS marks here a lacuna. * HPS asakyam | jatajadeg. 5 Tib. ad. yasya (gan la). 6 Tib. (hgags pas). HPS nirodhe. * HPS unnecssarily suggests jath for jata- (Tib. skyes pabi). Tib. om. ucyate.

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81] CHAPTER XV 267 In 6 Vx of CS hgag for hgags, and V with Vx of CS pa for pas. * jAyamAna nirodhena jAta utpadyate ytH| tato'nyasyApi sadbhAvoM jAyamAnasya dRzyate // 18 // CSV : yasmAjjAyamAnanirodhena jAtaH padArtho bhavati tasmAdadhajAtavyatirekeNA'pyastya va jAtamAnaH padArtha iti // 18 // 370 CSV : atrocyate gan tshe skyes pa de yi tshell skye bz'in pa la srid pa med | gan tshe skyes pa skye bz'in pa de tshe ci phyir skye bar hgyur || 20 | * jAto yadA tadA nAsti jAyamAnasya sambhavaH / jAta utpadyate kasmAjjAyamAno yadA tadA // 20 // CSV : jAto yadA tadA nAsti jAyamAnasya sambhavaH / yadA tAvadayaM padArtho jAta ityucyate tadA jAyamAno naasti| jAyamAnA. sambhavAJca jAta ityeva nAsti yena jAtena jaaymaano'numiiyet| atha jAto'pi jAyamAnaH syAttasya tadyutpAdAsambhavo jAyamAnatvAditi pratipAdayabAha jAta utpadyate kasmAjjAyamAno yadA tadA // yadA jAta evArthoM jAyamAna ityucyate tadA sa jAyamAno'rthaH kasmAdutpadyata iti priklpaate| siddhatvATutpAdaparikalpo'sya na yukta itybhipraayH| tatazca jAyamAno jAyata iti na yujyate // 20 // 371 CSV : pnaah| janmAbhimukhatvAdajAto'pi jAyamAno jAta ityucyte| tataca jAta eva jAyamAno na cAsyotpAdavaiyarthya miti| evamapi yadi skye bz'in pa ni ma skyes pa kho na skyes z'es byas par grags | khyad par med phyir de yi tshe bum pa med pa cis mi rtog || 21 || 1 Read ma gtogs for ma rtogs in X. * Tib. gan gis ; HPS ato. * Tib. ad. padartho'yam (don hdi). 33 5 In X road rtog for rtogs. - HPS jayamanam. * Tib. fiid; HPSevam.

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258 CATUHSATAKA [372 In 6 V and Vx of CS skyeho z'es for skyes ses and omit byas making the line metrically defective there being only six syllables instead of seven. In the same line Vx of CSV grag for grags. * ajAto jAta ityeva jAyamAnaH kRtaH kila / bhedAbhAvAhaTo'bhAvastadA kiM na vikalpAte // 21 // CSV : ajAto jAta ityeva jAyamAnaH kRtaH kila / yadyajAta eva jAyamAnaH padArtho janmAbhimukhyAtpareNa jAta iti kalpito jAtAjAtayoH bhedAbhAvAiTo'bhAvastadA kiM na vikalpAte // jAtAvastha eva hi padArthI ghaTa itybhidhiiyte| jAtAjAtayozcakyAt prAgabhAvana jAto'pi ghaTo'bhAva eveti syAt / na caitatsambhavatItya yuktametat // 21 // . . 372 CSV : athApi syAt / naiva jaaymaanaajaatyobhdaabhaavH| utpatti kriyayAvizyamAno hi padArtho jAyamAna iti| ucyte| saca skye bz'in pa ni ma rdzogs kyan | ma skyes pa las phyi rol hgyur | de Itahan gan phyir skyes pa las | phyi rol gyur phyir ma skycs skye || 22 || In c Vx of CSV Itar for Itahari. * aniSpanno'pyajAtAttu jAyamAno bhisskRtH| tathApi jAyate'jAto yato jAtAhahiSva taH // 22 // CSV : aniSpanno'pyajAtAttu jAyamAno bahiSkRtaH / yadyapyamAgatAdaniSpavarUpo'pi padArtho jAyamAno bahirvyavasthApitaH tathApi jAyate'nAto yato jAtAihiSka taH // yathA'jAtAnjAyamAno bahiSka taH kriyAvizAdevaM jAtAdapi bahiSka ta evA niSpavarUpatvAta / tatazcAjAta eva jAyata ityApamiti nAsti jAyamAno' nAma // 22 // 1 Tib. kho na%3; HPS evam for eva. HPS kutah, but it is not supported either by CSV or Tib., nor does it give here any suitable sense. The reading krtah is, however, supported by Tib. byas, and should somehow or other be construed with jayamana), as jayamanah kstah. . HPS ghatabha'. * Tib.ad. evam sati (de ltar yin na). Tib.om.sace. HPS jato. After eva Tib. ad. sah (de). HPS Omanap.

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374] CHAPTER XV 259 373 __CSV : na ca kevalaM jAtAdahibhUtatvAdajAta eva jaayte| itavAjAta eva jaayte| yasmAtparasya skye bz'in pa snar ma byun yan | phyi nas yod pa min par grag/ des kyan ma skyes pa skye ste ma byun z'es bya skye ma yin || 23 || In 6 V nin (misprint) for min. . In c Vx of CSV skyeho for skye ste. - * nAsItyAga jAyamAno'pi pazcAcca kila vidyate / tenApi jAyate'jAto nAbhUto nAma jAyate // 25 // CSV : 'naasiibaabhuudityrthH| yo'sAvidAnI jAyamAnatvena vyapadizyate sa naasiit| 'vartamAnAvasthAyAH prAga tote kAle sa jAyamAno'rthoMvidyamAno'pi pavAkila jAyamAno bhvti| ato'pyajAta eva jAyamAno bhavati. jnikriyaavshkaale| ttshcaasyaajaattvenaabhuuttvm| na cAbhUtasyAlabdhAtmabhAvasya nirAzrayA janikriyA pravartitumutmahata ityAha nAbhUto nAma jAyate / iti // 23 // . 374 CSV : api ca / rdzogs pa yod ces byar hgyur la 1 ma byas pa ni med ces brjod | gan gi tshe na skye bz'in pa med pa de tshe gan der brjod || 24 || jAyate'stIti niSpamro nAstItyakkata ucyate / jAyamAno yadA nAsti' tadA ko nAma sa smRtaH // 24 // 1 Tib. tatha hi (hdi Itar) for yasmat. - HPS ad. asic chabdas ciranukrantabhidhayi. . Before nasit Tib, ad: jayamanavasthayah prak kutrapi (skye bz'in pabi gnas skabs kyi shar to gandu). * HPs ad. prakcha bdas tv avadhivacana. 5 Tib. om. vartaprag. . Tib. om. it.. 7 Tib. med pa%3 HPS bhavas.

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260 CATUHSATAKA [375 ___CSV : astItyanena niSpanna ucyte| niSpanna eva hi padArtho'stauti jaayte| astoti bhvtiityrthH| nAstItyenenApyakto'niSpaka ucyte| tadetadavasthAhayaM virahayya ___jAyamAno yadA nAsti tadA ko nAma sa smRtaH // itthamayaM padArtho bhavatIti jAyamAnAvastho bhAvo yadA na zakyate vyapadeSTuM tadA sAvanirdhAya'mANasvarUpatvAdasanneveti yukta mavasAtum // 24 // 375 CSV : tadevaM yathopavarNitena vicAraNa jaaymaansyaasmbhvaat-| gan tshe rgyu ni ma gtogs par | hbras bu yod pa ma yin pa de yi tshe na hjug pa dau | ldog pa hthad pa nid mi hgyur !! 25 || rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las hdus byas kyi dona dgag pa sgom pa bstan pa ste rab tu byed pa bco lua paho || * kAraNavyatirekeNa yadA kAyaM na vidyate / pravRttizca nivRttizca tadA naivopapadyate // 25 // // iti yogAcAra catuHzatake saMskRtArthapratiSedhabhAvanAsandarzanaM paJcadartha prkrnnm|| CSV : yadA kAraNAtpRthagbhUtaM kAya vicAryamANaM na sambhavati tadA nirAzrayA pravRttiH kAryasyotpAdo nivRttizca kAraNasya vinAzazca na vidyate / [ yathoktaM bhagavatA sattvo naro mAnava jAta yujyati jAto mRto'sminna ca koci jaayti| mAyeva dharmA hi svabhAvazUnyA jAtu samarthAstu na bhonti taurthikAH // iti vistrH| tathA saMkrAntijammamRtyu thAsaMkrAntijammamRtyavaH / jAnAti ya idaM tena samAdhiva durlabhaH // 1 For yuktam Tib. asakyam (dehi phyirdeg mi nus so). 3 V and Va of CS ad, here dam du.

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375] . CHAPTER XV 261 iti / tadevaM parokSyamANA bhAvAH svabhAvasikSA na bhavantoti seva mAyApamatA vaziSyate bhAvAnAm // 25 // 1 HPS om. it: Tib. jiskad du boom ldan hdas kyis ____sems can mi dandeg(See 360=xV 10)|| t'es rgya cher gsuns la|de bz in du skye ba dan ni hchi bpho yail skye ba med cid thchi bpho med gan z'ig hdi na ses gyur pa dobi tin ne hdzin rned mi akah || zes hbyun iol . Tib. iid; HPS evam for eva. * HPS ad. gatva.. 'Tib. ad. ekaikabah (so so nas).

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CHAPTRR XVI SLOB DPON DAN SLOB MA RNAM PAR GTAN LA DBAB IA SGOM PA BSTAN PA guruziSyavinizcayabhAvanAsandarzanam 376 CSV : idAnIM samanukrAntaH paJcadazabhiH prakaraNaiH zAstrakAyeM parisamApya zAstrArambhaprayojanaM duvAdAzeSa parihAraM copadarzayan Sor3azaM prkrnnmaarbhte-| rgyu hgah z'ig gis ston pa yan | ston pa min pa Ita bur snan | rab tu byed pa thams cad kyis / de ni sor sor hgog par byed, || 1 || In c V and Vx of CS kyi for kyis. * kenacihetunA zUnyamazUnyamiva dRzyate / tasya prakaraNaH sarvaiH pratiSedho vidhIyate // 1 // CSV : nAnavadhArya yathArthI zUnyatAM kazcicchataH saMsAra saGgamavadhUya nirvANasya hA mutpAdayitum / sa ca zUnyatArthoM jagatA matIvotcAsakaratvAdapriyAvadananipuNapuruSeNa rAjJaH priya'bhAryAmaraNakrama vidanasaumanasthotpAdanavat kayApi yuktyA viduSAmavatArya: / ahaGkAramamakArasneha viparyasto hi loko'nitya eva vastuni kSaNabhaGgAdarzanAt10 saMskAramAnapravAhasya samyagarthAnavasAyAcchnyatAdarza navibandhabhUtAM nityatAmavadhArya pratyavatiSThamAno jagadazUnyameva prtipnnH| tadasyAzUnyatA pratiSedhAya prathamaprakaraNArambha ityAdi yojyam / 1 rib. da ni; HPS om. it. 2 rgol ba nan pahi lhag ma; HPS krtvanyasega. 3x hgas. Tib. -ratim (dgah) for sprham. 6 Tib, sa ca sarvadharmasvabhava sunyata (chos thams cad ran bz'in gyis ston pa nid de yan). Tib. ad. atmatmiyabhiuivesa payuvasikftanam asrutavatam (bdag dan bdag gi ba la mnon par z'en pahi z'ags pas dban du byas pa thos pa dan mildan pa rnams). 7 Tib.om. priya. 8 According to Tib. otarya for otaryah. See note 5. * Tib -graha (bdzin) for -sneha-. 10 Tib. ma mthon bas%3; HPS -dar sanat for adar sanat. 11 In Tib, read here gyur pa (bhuta) for bgyur ba. Tib.ad. -dariana- (ita bar).

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377] . CHAPTER XVI 263 svabhAvavirahitArthazcAtra zUnya tArtha ityasakdAveditam / tadevaM kenacichetunA svabhAvarahitamapi vastve vAzUnyaM yeSAM khyAti teSAM tasyAsahAhahetoH sarvaH paJcadazabhirapi prakaraNaH pratiSedho vidhIyate // 1 // 377 CSV : yadyevamarthameSAM prakaraNAnAmArambho nanvata evAzUnyatvaM siddha bhAvAnAm / tathA hi| eSA prakaraNAnAM vaktA tAvadbhavAnasti / prakaraNa'[nAmabhidheyo'rtho'zUnyatA-] hetuvyAvartako hetu rasti / vacanaM cedaM prati viziTArthakatAvadhi dhvanisamudAyarUpaM paJcadazaprakaraNAtmakamastIti vaktRvAcyavacanAnAM sadbhAvAsiddhamazUnyatvaM bhAvAnAmini vyartha eva bhavataH sarvaprakaraNaprArambhaparizramAyAsa iti prtipaadynnaah-| ' gan tshe smra po brjod bya nahan | ston po z'es byar mi run no gan zig brten nas kun hbyun ba| de ni gsum lahan yod ma yin ||2|| In a Vx of CS and CSV bo for po. In c V wrongly gis for 'ig. In d V misprint uod for yod. Only the following words of the original karika which are put between the two asterisks are found in the fragments. V reconstructs the remaining portion as follows taking sunya- in b of the fragments to be sunyam: * yada vaktasti vacyam ca na sunya-* m nama yujyate | yah pratityasamutpadah sa trisv api na vidyate || 3 || I can accept his d only proposing the following change. That his explanation of the karika and specially of d is not right (see pp. 163-164) is evident from the vrttih. ___* yadA vaktAsti vAcyaM ca na zUnya- miti yujyate / yaM pratItyodbhaveta sarva sa triSvapi na vidyate // 2 // CSV: gan tshe smra po brjod bya nahan | deni tshe ston po z'es byar mi run ho | 1-1 Tib. rab tu byed pahi brjod par bya bahi don ston pa ma yin pahi; HPS after prakarana marks a lacuna. 2 Before asti Tib. ad. api (yan). 3 In X read tshig for tshige. . . Tib, om. prati..

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264 CATUHSATAKA [377 han gi sgra ni tshig bsdu bahi don duho!! gan gi tshe khyod smra ba po yod cin | brjod par bya ba rab tu byed pa bco Inas bstan par bya bahi don yod la khyod kyi tshig ston pa nid kyi don rab tu grub par byed pa yan yod pa deni tshe dnos po thems cad grub bol mo gsam gyi bu yod pa ma yin pa ni don gan gi yan smra ba por mi rigs sin deni tshig kyan yod pa ma yin la deni tshig gis bstan par bya bahi don yan med na hdi gsum ni yod pa hdi yin pas dnos po rnams ran bz'in dan bcas pa nid du grub bol bsad par bya ste hdi ni rigs pa ma yin no gan las se na hdi Itar | gan z'ig brten nas kun hbyur bal de ni gsum lahan yod ma yin rau bz'in bya ba ni tshig gi lhag maho || hdi na smra ba po gan yin pa de yan kho bo cag gi ltar na rten cin hbrel bar hbyuo ba yin dan smra ba po nid du rnam par bz'ag stel tshig dan brjod par bya ba la brten nas smra ba por hdogs kyi mi smra ba? ni ma yin no || gan gi tshe de Itar yin pa dehi tshe smra ba poui ran bz'in med la tshig dan brjod par bya ba la yan smra ba poui ran gi no bo yod pa ma yin no |gal te yod na ni skye bo don med pa nid du hgyur ro || dehi phvir smra ba poui ran bz'in ran nam de la med de dehi phvir stoi pa yin no de bz'in du brjod par bya ba yan smra ba po dan tshig la brten ras gdags kyi" | ran bz'in nid kyis3 ni ma yin z'es bya ba la sogs pa dan tshig la yan sbyar bar byaho || dehi phyir gsum po de dag gi ran.bz'in ni gsum char la yan yod pa ma yin pas smra ba po dan brjod par bya ba dan tshig rnams ran bz'in ston pa nid du grub pa kho na ste deui phyir skyon med do * yadA vattAsti vAcyaM ca na zUnya-*miti yujyate / = ca-zabdo vcnsngghaathaiH| yadA bhavAn vaktAsti / vAcyaM paJcadabhiH prakaraNeya'tpAdyo'rtho'sti / bhavato vacanaM ca zUnyatAprasAdhakamasti tadA sarve bhAvAH sidhyanti / nAsti vdhyaaputrH| yasyArthasya vaktA na yujyate tasya vacanamapi na vidyte| tasya vacanena vyutpAdyo'rtho'pi na vidyte| bhAvAnAM 1 It seems that one should add here : dan brjod par bya ba. 1 X kyis. X kyi.

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378] CHAPTER XVI 266 vetacitayasadbhAvAtmidhyati ssvbhaavtvm| utyte| naitdyuktm| kathamiti cet / evam __yaM pratItyodbhavetsarvaM sa viSvapi na vidyate // __ svabhAva iti vaakyshessH| iha yo vatA so'pyasmAkaM darzane pratItyasamutpanaH katRtvena vyvsthaapyte| vacanaM vAcyaM ca pratItya vaktA prajJapyate nAvacanaH / yadaivaM tadA nAsti vastuH svbhaavH| tatazca vAyavacanayorapi nAsti vaktarUpam / yadi syAhArtha eva syaatpurussH| tato nAsti tatra vakta: khabhAvo rUpaM vaa| tasmAcchUnyam / tathA vAcyamapi vaktAraM vacanaM ca pratItya prjnypyissyte| khabhAvo nAstItyAditi ca vacane'pi yojayitavyam / tasmAtteSAM trayANAmapi svabhAvastriSvapi na vidyata iti sidhyatyeva vaktavAcyavacanAnAM svbhaavshuunytvm| tasmAdadoSaH // 2 // 378 CSV : hdir smras, pa ) gal te thams cad ston pa yin na dehi tshe dban po dan don dag rnam pa thams cad du med pas hgro ba bon buhi rwan dan hdra bar hgyur na dban po dan don bden pahi no bo hdi yod pa yan yin pas dnos po thams cad ran bz'in dan bcas pa kho na yin no || hdi la brjod par bya ste = prvaah| yadi saveM zUnyaM tadendriyArthayoH sarvathAbhAvAjjagarakharaviSANavadApadyeta / satyarUpo caitAvindriyArthAviti sakhabhAvA eva sarve bhAvAH / patrocate gal te ston pahi nes pa yis | ston pa ma yin hgrub hgyur na mi ston nes pas ston pa nid | ci ste hgrub par hgyur ma yin || 3 || In c Vx of CSV ni for nid. V sunyasya dosena yadasunyam siddham bhavisyati asunyadosena kutah sunyatvam naiva setsyati || I shall modify it as follows: CSV : yadi zUnyasya doSeNAzUnyameva hi setsyati / kimazUnyasya doSaNa zUnyameva na setsyati // 1 Read navaoyavacanah, see p. 264, note 1. Lit.janab for purusah. 34

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1379 266 CATUHSATAKA gal te ston paui nes pa yis | ston pa ma yin hgrub hgyur na de lta jin dan de las bzlog pahi sgo nas khyod la. mi ston nes pas ston pa nid | ci ste hgrub par hgyur ma yin || gal te hgro bo ston pa ma yin par hgyur na ni deni tshe hgro ba ldog pa med pahi ran bz'in gyis gnas pahi phyir rtag par hgyur z'in ma skyes pa dan ma hgags par hgyur na de ltar yan ma yin te brten nas dmigs pahi phyir ro || de Itar na ston pa ma yin pahi nes pas khyod la ston pa nid kyi don hgrub pas ci ste mi hgyur || ston pa nid du smra ba bsal ba brtsoms kyis ran gi phyogs hgrub par rigs pa yan ma yin no || = yadi zUnyasya doSaNAzUnyameva hi setsyati / evaM tarhi tahatirekamukhena bhavataH kimazUnyasya doSeNa zUnyameva na setsyati // yadi jagacchnyaM na bhavettadA tadaviparItakhabhAvanAvasthAnAnityamajAtamaniruI ca bhvet| na caivaM bhavati / prtiityoplmbhaat| evamazUnya doSeNa bhavataH zUnyatArthaH kiM na selyti| zUnyatAvAdApakaraNArambheNa svapakSasi hirapi na yujyate // 3 // 379 CSV : phyogs gz'an khas blans pahi rgol bas ni gdon mi za bar =u216717ETATICalqnx-1 gz'an gyi phyogs ni bzlog pa dan | ran gi phyogs ni sgrub pa ste ! gal te sun hbyin byed phyogs goig | dgah na sgrub byed la cis min || 4 || In 6 V and Vx of CS bsgrub for sgrub. In c V and Vx of CS cig for gcig, and in d gan for dgah which is supported by the Chinese version. V anyapaksanisedhena svapaksah siddhiman yadi | duste pakse svapakso'yam siddhim kim nama napnuyat || I cannot accept it and suggest the following :.

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380] CHAPTER XVI 267 vAraNaM parapakSasya siddhiH pakSasya cAtmanaH / pakSe vidyate kiM na sAdhake // CSV: gz'an gyi phyogs ni bzlog pa dan || ran gi phyogs ni sgrub pa ste ! gnis bya ba z'ig na khyod ni ston pa nid du smra ba bsal brtsom la z'ugs pahi phyir || gal te sun hbyin byed phyogs gcig 1 dgah na sgrub byed, la cis min || khyod sun hbyin par byed pasi phyogs Itar sgrub par byed pani phyogs la yan dgah ba dag go | dehi phyir gal te ril bsgrub par bya ba dan mtshuns par mi hgyur na ran gi phyogs sgrub pahi phyir re z'ig hthad' pa cun zad cig brjod dgos na ston pa nid du smra ba la ni thams cad brgrub par bya ba dan mtshuns par yan hgyur ro || dehi phyir ran gi phyogs sgrub pahi nus pa dan bral baai phyogs su udzin pa mthon? z'in | phyogs su ma lhur z'in dbu ma lam na: z'ugs pa khyod la mthon ba dan ma mthon ba dan hgal ba med pas hgal la yan hjog pa mi srid do|| =vAraNaM parapakSasya siddhiH pakSasya cAtmanaH / iyo ma bhavataH zUnyatAvAdanirAkaraNArambhasya pravRtteH prItizcedUSake pakSe vidyate kiM na sAdhake // dUSake pakSa iva bhavato yaH sAdhakaH pakSastatrApi protirbhavet / tasmAdyadIha sarva sAdhyasamaM na syAtsvapakSasAdhanAya taavtkinycidpyuppttirvaacyaa| zUnyatAvAde tu sarva saadhysmm| tasmAtsvapakSasidisAmarthya honapakSagrahaNaM dRshyte| pakSAnAsaktamadhyamakamArge praviSTasya tu bhavato darzanAdarzanAvirodhAhirodhasyApi sthApanaM na sambhavati // 4 // 380 CSV: ci ste re z'ig khyod kyis ston pa nid du smra bahi phyogs hdi yons su brtag pa na mi rigs pas yod pa ma yin no || deui phyir hdi med pa nid du grub na phyogs gz'an med pas sel 1 X thad, 3 X thoi xnas.

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268 CATUHSATAKA [381 bar byed pa kho bo cag gi phyogs su grub par hgyur ro snam na | hdi yan yod pa ma yin te | = atha tAvadbhavAnmanyate zUnyatAvAdapakSo'yaM na parIkSocita iti naasti| tasmAdasyAbhAva eva siddhe pakSAntarAbhAvAnirAkartRNAM sidhyedasmArka pakSa iti| tadapi nAsti / gal te yons su brtags pa na med gan de phyogs mi hgyur na des na gcig nid la sogs gsum | kun kyan phyogs ma yin par hgyur || 5 || In a Vx of CSV pas for pa V nigrahe sati yenayam pakso nama na jayate | .. ____ekatvadi trayam sarvam tena pakso na jayate || 5 || This should be changed and the following may be suggested : asti yatra parIkSAyAM pakSaH sa na bhvedydi| ___ ekatvAdi vayaM sarvamapi pakSastato na hi // 5 // CSV : ji ltar kho bo cag gi phyogs yons su brtags pa na med pas yod pa ma yin pa de bz'in du rgol ba rnams kyi gcig nid dan gz'an nid dan brjod du med pahi phyogs rnams kyan rnam par dpyad pa na yod pa ma yin pas de rnams kyan phyogs ma yin pa nid du hgyur ro || dehi phyir yons su brtags pa na phyogs thams cad yod pa ma yin pas khyod kyi phyogs yons su hdzin pa mi rigs so || =yathAsmAkaM pakSaH parIkSAyAmabhAvAvAsti tathA vAdinAmakatvAnyatvAnabhilApyapakSA api vicAra na santIti te'pi pakSA naiva syuH| tasmAtparokSAyAM sarve'pi pakSA na bhavantIti na yukto bhavataH pakSaparigrahaH // 5 // 381 CSV: hdir smras pa | khyod kyis ston pa nid kyis gcig nid la sogs pahi phyogs thams cad mi rigs par brjod do || =avaah| bhavatA zUnyatayekatvAdayaH sarve pakSA ayuktA uttAH / 1 I think here in c goig nid la soge geum (=ekatvadi trayam) refers to trayo bhavah (= dravyatvam, ekatvam, sattvam) mentioned in 385(=XIV. 20) and explained in the vrtti. But here the vrtti says that these three bhava sare ekatva, anyatva, and ana bhilapya, Ct. op. cit. 346 (=XIV. 21) : ekatvam anyatram ubhayam nobhayam ity ekatvadayah; LA, p. 176 : sarvam bho Gautama ekatvam sarvam anyatyam sarvam ubhayatvam anu. bhayatvam.

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381] . CHAPTER XVI 269 gan du mnon sum gyis bum der] ston pahi gtan tshigs don med hgyur hdi na gz'an lugs las byun bahi | gtan tshigs yod min gz'an du yod || 6 || In a V wrongly kyis for guis. In c Vx of CSV gz'un for gz'an, and hbyun for byun ; V misprint lug for lugs. V has reconstructed only the first half as follows: ghatah pratya ksato drstah sunyahetur nirarthakah! I may suggest the following: vyarthastatra zUnyahetuyatra pratyakSato ghaTaH / rahAnyasamayodbhUto heturanyatra sanna hi // CSV: gan du mnon sum gyis bum der ston pahi gtan tshigs don med hgyur | gan du bum pa mnon sum gyis dmigs pahi phyogs de la ston pahi gtan tshigs don med do || mo gsam gyi bu yod pa ma yin pa ni hgah z'ig gi yan mnon sum ma yin na bum pa hdi ni mnon sum yin te deni phyir mnon sum nid kyi gtan tshigs kyil bsal bahi phyir ston pa nid, kyi gtan tshigs mi rigs pa nid do z'e na ] snar bum pahi mnon sum nid bsal zin pahi phyir des kho bo cag la gnod pa ma yin nam | gal te bum pa mnon sum nid kyod kyis bsal gyi bdag gis ni ma yin de dehi phyir khyod la bum pa mnon sum ma yin gyi | kho bo cag ltar na ni bum pa mnon sum nid yin pahi phyir hdi mi rigs so z'e na hdi ni yod pa ma yin te gan gi phyir] hdi na gz'an lugs las byun bahi ] gtan tshigs yod min gz'an du yod | hdi na ste ston pa nid rigs par smra ba ni gz'un lugs gz'an du grags pahi gtan tshigs khas len pa med de | gz'an gyi gz'un lugs de nid mi rigs pa nid du bstan par hdod pahi phyir ro Il gan du rgol ba rnams la lta ba mtshuns pa yod pa der ni gnigs kyan don der khas blans pas tshad ma nid du rigs pa kho na yin gyi | rigs pa smra na ni hthad pa dan bcas pani don nam grub pahi mthah kho na yons su hdzin te deui phyir hdi la gz'an gyi gz'un lugs 1 X kyis.

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270 CATUHSATAKA [382 su grags pahi gtan tshigs kyis gnod pa mi srid pas spon ba nid kyis gtan tshigs la don med pa nid med do || = vyarthastatra zUnyahetuyaMtra pratyakSato ghaTaH / yatra ghaTaH pratyakSeNopalabdhaH pakSastatra shuunyhetunirrthkH| asan vaNyAputrI na ksycitprtykssH| ghaTastvayaM prtykssH| tasmAtpratyakSatvahetorapAkaraNAya zUnyatAhetuna yujyata iti cet / nanu pUrva ghaTapratyakSasyApAkRtatvAdastyasmAkaM tena virodhH| ghaTapratyakSatvaM bhavatApAlataM na myaa| tasmAhaTo bhavato na pratyakSaH / asmAkaM tu ghaTasya pratyakSatvAnedaM yuktamiti cet| nedamasti / ihAnyasamayodbhUto heturanyatra saba hi // vaha zUnyatAyuktivAde samayAdanyatra prasiddho heturnAbhyapagamyate / anya samayasattvasyAyuktatvena prtipipaadyissittvaat| yatra vAdinAM darzanaM samaM tatra hayorapyarthasyAbhyapugamAyuktameva praamaannym| yuktivAde sopapattiko'rthaH siddhAntaH prigraahyte| tasmAdihAnyasamayaprasiddhena hetunA bAdhA'sambhavena pratikSepAna vaiyarthaM hetoH // 6 // 382 CSV: ci ste ston pa nid smras pa nid smra ba khyod kyis ston pa nid kyi dnos po smra la ston pa nid ma yin pa la ma bltos pasi ston pa yod pa yan ma yin pas dnos po thams cad ran bz'in dan bcas pa nid du sgrub po snam na bsad par bya ste gal te ston pa nid ces bya ba ran gi no bos grub pas hgah z'ig yod na ni dnos po rnams ran bz'in dan bcas par hgyur na yod pa ni ma yin no zes bstan pahi phyir b sad pa | ____ =athoktazUnyatAvAdinA bhavato zUnyatAbhAve'zUnya tAnirapekSaH zUnyatAbhAvo'pi na bhavatIti sarve bhAvAH sasvabhAvAH sidhyantIti matam / ucyte| yadi zUnyatA nAma svarUpasiI kiJcitsyAt syubhIvAH skhbhaassaaH| na vastIti prtipaadyvaah-| mi ston med par ston pa ni gan las hbyun ba nid du hgyur | ji lta bur na cig sos ni med par gnen po hbyun bar hgyur || 7 || In a Vx of CSV ston min for mi ston adding ston par after par.

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382) CHAPTER XVI 271 In 6 V and Vx of CS byun for hbyun. In d V wrongly gner bo for gnen po. V a sunyena vina sunyasambhavo jayate katham | itarena vina tasya sahayo jayate katham || 7 || Here V's, sahaya 'compagnon' can in no way be defended. I shall translate : azUnyena vinA zUnyaM kutaH khalu bhaviSyati / kathaM vinaivataraNa pratipakSo bhaviSyati // 7 // CSV : gal te ston pa ma yin pa z'es pahi dnos po hgah z'ig yod na ni deni tshe de yi gnen por gyur pa ston pahi dnos po cun zad cig tu hgyur na ston pa ma yin pa ni srid pa yan ma yin te rgyu med par hgah la yan nam khahi me tog ltar yod pa nid mi srid pahi phyir roll gan tshe ston pa ma yin pa mi srid pa dehi tshe deni gnen po ston pa yan cig sos ston pa ma yin pa med par mi srid do || hdi Itar yod pa ma yin pahi kbyi ni sprehuhi gnen por mi hgyur te ).thams cad du hgal bahi don gz'an med par hgal bahi don gz'an mi srid paai phyir ro || deni phyir ston pa ma yin pa med par ston pa yod pa ma yin la de med pa yin dan ston pa nid ces bya ba cun zad kyan med do z'es bya bar grub bo || ji skad du ston nid Ita ba thams cad ni nes par hbyen par thub pas gsuns | gan dag ston pa nid Ita ba de dag sgrub tu med par gsuns || z'es gsuns la || bcom ldan hdas kyis kyan. | hod, sruns: hdi Ita ste | dper na mi nad pa z'ig yod la | sman pas de la sman btan nas sman des deni nad thams cad bskyoda de / sman Ito na hdug pa nid" mi hbyun na hod sruns des ji snam du sems | mi de nad de las thar par hgyur ram | gsol bai bcom ldan hdas de ni mi hgyur lags te llegan sman des nad thams cad bskyod nas sman Itar mchis pa nid ma byun na ni mi deni 1 KP throughout erud. 2 X om. dper na, it is added from KP, $ 66. 3 X bskyed. *KP ad. de. - KP hdi. * Evidently this sentence with the preceding one, gol ba, should have come just after the following on..

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272 CATUNSATAKA [383 grodi nad in tus tshabs che bar hgyur lags so || bcom ldan hdas kyis bkah stsal bahod srun de bz'in du Ita bar gyur pa thams cad las hbyun ba ni ston pa nid yin na ] hod sruns gans ston pa nid kho nar lta ba de ni gsor mi run no | Z'es bsad do z'es gsuns so II .. - yadyazUnyaM nAma kazcidbhAvaH syAt syAttadA tatpratipakSabhUtaM kiJcicchanyo bhaavH| azUnyasya tu sambhava eva nAsti / ahetukasya kasyApyAkAzakusumasyaiva sdbhaavaasmbhvaat| yadA nAzUnyasya sambhavastadA pratipakSaM zUnyamapItaraNAzUnyena vinA na smbhvti| tathA hi| asan kukkuraH kapaH pratipakSo na bhvti| sarvatra hi viruddhamarthAntaramantareNa viruddhamarthAntaraM na smbhvti| tasmAdazUnyena vinA zUnyaM na bhvti| tena vinA ca zUnyaM nAma na kiJcidastIti siddham / yathoktA zUnyatA sarvadRSTInAM protA niHsaraNaM jinaH / yeSAM tu zUnyatA dRSTistAnasAdhyAn babhASira // bhagavatApyukta tadyathApi nAma kAzyapa kazcideva puruSo glAno bhvet| tasmeM vedyo bhaiSajyaM ddyaat| tasya tajhaiSajyaM sarvadoSAnu'ccAlya koSThagataM na nigcchet| tatkiM manyase kAzyapa api nu sa glAnapuruSa stasmAd glAnyA parimukto bhave dyasya tajhaiSajyaM sarvakoSThagatAn doSAnuccAlya koSThagataM. na niHsarat / ' paah| no bhagavan / gAr3hataraM ca tasya puruSasya tahelAnya bhavedyasya tajhaiSajyaM sarvadoSAnuJcAlya 1 koSThagataM na niHsret| bhgvaanaah| evameva kAzyapa sarvadRSTigatAnAM zUnyatA niHsaraNaM yasya khalu punaH kAzyapa zUnyatAdRSTistamahamacikityamiti vadAmoti // // 383 CSV : hdir smras pa | ston pa z'es bya ba cun zad kyan med pas ston pa nid kyi phyogs su ma hgyur mod kyi | de lta na yan phyogs med pa yan phyogs nid du yons su gzun bas phyogs nid 1 grod=Skt, kuksi, kostha, 'belly.' X gro and KP bru; but in either case the meaning is not clear. KP om. it. * X om. it. Quoted in BCA, p. 4143; SS, pp. 25-26. KP, p. 976865). 6 Tib. lit. nars (mi). Tib. roga (nad) for dosa. . Tib.om. purusa. ... This sentence is omittod in Tib. 10 KP degcata. Tib.simply sarvan (thams cad).. 11 KP deggato. li KP degvan. 18KP Otarai 1KP ad...

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383] CHAPTER XVI 273 du hgyur la' | mi mthun pahi phyogs la ma bltos par phyogs srid pa yan ma yin pas mi mthun pahi phyogs su yan hgyur ro || phyogs dan mi mthun pahi phyogs yod pa las kyan dnos po thams cad hgrub bo || hdi yan mi rigs so z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | 1 =Taip I Jafa at ala farfeefa areilfa atfen yarargastathApyapakSo'pi pakSatvena parigTahIta iti pakSa eva bhvti| vipakSanirapekSasya pakSasyAbhAvAcca bhvehipkssH| pakSavipakSayoH sadbhAvAca sarve bhAvAH sidhyanti / idamapi na yujyata iti prtipaadyvaah-| gal te phyogs nid du hgyur na phyogs med phyogs kyi no bor hgyur de Itar phyogs med nid med na gan z'ig mi mthun phyogs su hgyur || 8 || In a Vx of CSV gsal for gal. In d V misprint mthum for mthun. V pakse saty eva paksasyapakso rupam bhavisyati | asty apakse ko nama tadvipakso bhavisyati || 8 |! I do not think it can be accepted. The following may be suggested : 999: 0a69: eina pa waqfc i evamabhAve'pakSasya ko vipakSo bhaviSyati // 8 // CSV: gal te phyogs nid du hgyur na! phyogs med phyogs kyi no bor hgyur | gal te phyogs med pa nid yod na ni de de Itar hgyur na srid pa yan ma yin te mi mthun pahi phyogs med paui phyir ro || mi mthun pa hi phyogs med pa de ni rgol ba thams cad bsal bas bstan zin to Il yan gan gitshe de Itar phyogs med nid med na gan z'ig mi mthun phyogs su hgyur || phyogs med pahi' phyir mi mthun pahi phyogs kyan med pas yons su z'in pa thon z'ig || = a: qua: erau na waar 35

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274 CATUHSATAKA [384 1997 va qi adufa 7 yarafa i faqalara fagar H194 g'afegalara gefsia: 1 for at __evamabhAve'pakSasya ko vipakSo bhaviSyati // pakSAbhAvAhipakSo'pi nAstIti tyajyatAmAgrahaH // 8 // 384 CSV: hdir smras padnos po rnams kyi ran bz'in ni yod pa kho na ste' | khyad par gyi no bo amigs pahi phyir ro || hdi tar | =yanyi Fa HaraI EHTA: 1 faqueatqatqi 791 - 1 gal te dnos po yod min na ! me ni ji Itar tsha bar hgyur | tsha ba me yan yod min z'es gon nid du ni bzlog par byas || 9 || In d V wrongly gan for gon. V bhava eva yada nasti vahnir usnah katham bhavet | usno'gnir api nastiti kasya nama viparyayah || 9 || This is not right. I should like to suggest the following: agniruSNaH kathaM nu syAdyadi bhAvo na vidyte| .. uSNo'gnirapi nAstIti prAgeva vAraNaM kRtam // 8 // CSV: gal te dnos po yod min na me ni ji ltar tsha bar hgyur | dehi phy; khyod par dmigs pa hdi las dros po rnams kyi ran bz'in yod pa nid do || brjod par bya ste | hdi ni ma rigs so ll gaa gi phyir tsha ba me yan yod min z'es/ gon nid du ni bzlog par byas || me tsha bahi ran bz'in nid ni snar tsha ba me nid du hgyur te tsha ba min pa ji ltar sreg | des na bud sin z'es bya ba | yod min de med me yod min || z'es bya ba der bzlog zin to || deni phyir khyad par med pas dnos po rnams kyi ran gi no bo med do ||

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385] CHAPTER XVI 275 __ = agniruSNaH kathaM nu syAdyadi bhAvo na vidyate / tasmAhizeSolapambhAdastyeva bhAvAnAM svabhAvaH / ucyate / idamapi na yuktam / yataH __uSNo'gnirapi nAstIti prAgeva vAraNaM kRtam // uSNakhabhAvo'gniH prAka . agnireva bhavatyu SNamanuSaNaM dahyate katham / nAsti tenendhanaM nAma tahate'gninai vidyate // ityatra nivaaritH| tasmAvizeSAbhAvAnnAsti bhAvarUpam // 8 // 385 CSV : gz'an yan gal tel . -anyacca / ydi-| dnos po mthon nas dnos po ni med pa z'es bya bzlog hgyur na! de ltar phyogs ni bz'i char la nes pa spans pa gan z'ig mthon || 10 || V drstaiva bhavam bhavasyabhavo nama viparyayah | duste paksaturiyamse prahanam yasya drsyate || 10 || This cannot be defended. The following may be suggested : bhAvadarzanato bhAvAbhAvo nAma nivaaryte| ___ evaM pakSacatuSkasya ko dRSTo doSavarjitaH // 10 // 6 pakSacatuSkA CSV : dnos po mthon nas dnos po ni 'med pa zes bya bzlog hgyur na | gal te dnos po yod? dmigs nas desi dnos po med pa bzlog na ni rigs par bstan pa z'ig stel dnos pohi dros po med pa dmigs nas dros po yan bzlog par cihi phyir mi hgyur | tshul hdi nid kyis de Itar phyogs ni bz'i char la / nes pa spans pa gan z'ig mthon || hdi han yod dan med dan yod med dan yod med min zes bya bahi tshul ] hdi ni mkhas pas gcig nid sogs dag la rtag tu sbyar bar bya || 1341.(=XIV. 16). 9 X med.

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276 CATUSHATAKA [386 z'es bya ba der b sad zin to || hdi phyir de ltar na phyogs bz'i ga la yan skyon mthon bahi phyir phyogs hgah yan yons su gzun bar mi rigs so || ___ =bhAvadarzanato bhAvAbhAvI nAsa nivAryate / yadi bhAvasya sadbhAvolambhAttadabhAvanivAraNaM yuktamupadazyate bhAvasyAbhAvopalambhAdbhAvavAraNamapi kiM na bhvet| anenaiva krameNa sadasat sadasacceti sadasaneti ca kramaH / / eSa prayojyo vividbhiraikatvAdiSu nityazaH // iti tatroktam / tasmAdevaM pakSa catuSTaye'pi doSadarzanAtkasyApi pakSasya parigraho na yuktaH // 10 // 386 CSV: hdi las kyan phyogs yons su hdzin par mi rigs te rdul la cha sas yod med ces | dpyad pa der yan hjug par hgyur | deni phyir bsgrub par bya ba yis . bsgrub bya hgrub par mi hthad do || 2 z'es snar bsad pahi phyir ro || dehi phyir tshul hdis rnam par dpyad na dnos po sin tu z'ib pa ito'pi pakSaparigraho na yuktaH / aNoraMzo'sti nAstIti vicAro'trApi vrtte| tasmAtsAdhyena sAdhyasya siddhineM vopapadyate // iti puurvmuktH| tasmAdanena krameNa vicaare'tisuukssmsy-| rdul phran la yan yod pasi dros | gan du med der ji ltar hbyun || sans rgyas rnams la med nid kyan | de nid phyir na ma hbrel baho || In d V wrongly nam hbrel paho for na ma hbrel baho. V yad anor api sadbhavas tato'bhavah katham bhavet | buddhanam jatv abhavo'pi tasmad eva prasajyate || 11 I should like to restore it differently : 1346 (=XIV. 21). ? Here in X the actual reading for mi hthad do is mi mthon no. Accordingly one may rond in Skt. na khalu di syate for naivopapadyate. .305 (3XIII. 5).

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386] CHAPTER XVI 277 yatrANorapi sadbhAvo nAmti tatra kathaM bhavaH / abhAvo'pi ca buddhAnAM tasmAdeva na yujyate // 11 // CSV: rdul phran la yan yod pahi dnos | gan du med der ji ltar hbyun | gan du rdul phra rab tsam la yan bden pahi no bo.yod pa ma yin pa der ji ltar hbyun z'in skye ste dnos po skye ba po rnam pa thams cad du med pas der [mi]l skye ba kho naho || snan ba med pahi spyod yul mnah ba dros po thams cad kyi de kho na nid ji lta ba bz'in thugs su chud pahi ni mahi hod zer gyi tshogs kyis ma rig pahi mun pa mthah dag bsal ba / mi ses pahi mun pa mthug pohi mtsan moni gnid kyis log pahi hgro ba rans pa sad par mdzad pa si lhur bz'es pa byan chub tu yan dag par mnon par rdzogs par sans rgyas pani sans rgyas rnams la med nid kyan | ___de nid phyir na ma hbrel baho || de nid kyi phyir de nid kyi ye ses la bltos nas dnos po hgah yan ma dmigs pas yod pa hdi Itar med pa nid kyan mnon par mi b sed do || yan na ran bz'in ma skyes pahi phyir de med pa yan mi srid pas sans rgyas rnams la mednid kyan ste ] nan thos dan ran sans rgyas dan bla na med pa yan dag par rdzogs pahi sais rgyas rnams la mi bised de || .. =yatrANorapi sadbhAvo nAsti tatra kathaM bhavaH / paramANumAtrasyApi yatra satyaM kharUpaM nAsti tatra kathaM bhava utpadyate / bhAvotpattiH sarvathA nAstIti tatrAnutpAda ev| nirAbhAsagocarakasarvabhAvatattva yathAvadavagamasUryakiraNanikarApAkatAkhilAvidyAtimirANAM nibir3AjJAnatimirarAtrinidrAviparyastajagadullAsoddodhanatatparANAM bodhau samyagabhisambuddhAnAm abhAvo'pi ca buddhAnAM tasmAdeva na yujyate // tasmAdeva ca tattvajJAnamapekSya kazcidapi bhAvo nopalabhyata iti [ yathA] bhAva evamabhAvo'pi nAbhimataH / athavA svabhAvanAjAtatvAdabhAvo'pi na sambhavatIti abhAvo'pi ca buDAnAM ___ Not in x. * X ad. here pa.

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278 CATUHSATAKA [387. zrAvaka pratyekabuddhAnuttarasamyaksambaddhAnAM nAbhimataH // 11 // 387 CSV : yons su rtogs par byed pas ni gdon mi za bar gnis med par smra ba hdi thams cad du son pa yin no z'es bya bar nes par byaho || hdi Itar | == pariprekSayAvazyamayamayabAdaH sarvatra prApnotIti nizcetanyam / tathA hi| gal te kun la gnis min na 2 gz'an gan z'ig la yod dnos yod | gal te khyod lahan de rigs na brgal ba gz'an po ci ste byed. || 12 || In d V wrongly brgyal pa for brgal ba. V sarvasya cen na dvitiyah kasyanyah san bhavisyati matam ced, bhavato'py etad vijito'nyo bhavet katham || 12 || Clearly this cannot be accepted. The following may be suggested : sadbhAvo'nya sya kasya syAt syAtsarvatrAdayaM yadi / naifa afe agai fafratsaer: Tinata 11 821 CSV : gan du gnis ma yin pa gnis su med par smra ba hdir mi gyur pas duos po gan z'ig la dnos poni no ba yod || re z'ig dios po rtag pa gan dag yin pa de dag la ni rau gi no bos yod pa ma yin pas yod pa dan med pa nid kyi rtog pa dag brtag par mi nus te | yod pa dan med par rtog pa hjug pahi rgyu duos po rtag pa yod pa ma yin pahi phyir ro || dnos po gan dag skye ba dan Idan pa de dag kyan rtag pani no bor med pasran bz'in gyi mtshan nid dan mtshan nid mi mthun pa yod pa yin dan ran bz'in yod pa dan med pahi rtog pa dag mam par gz'ag par mi nus pa ] hdus byas dan hdus ma byas las ma gnis pahi duos po gz'an yod pa nid du bz'ag par nus pa yan ma yin no || deui phyir rigs pas thob par bya bahi phyir drans sin gsal bahi don ni rgol ba dag gis gnis smra ba ran gi blos phyin ci log tu brtags pa spans te gnis med par smra ba hdi ran gi blo le bz'ag pas los pa nid do! 1 X rtog. Accordingly yons surtog par byod pas=pari kalpanaya. 2 After this Vx of CSV adds : rnam par spyod bz'in pahi don. This seems to be a part of the commentary meaning vicaryamane' rthe. * X gyur ba. 4 X gtegs..

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388] CHAPTER XVI 279 ci ste hthad pa gan z'ig gisi don hdi mi hgrub pa srid na ni ho na gan gis kho bo cag kyan yid ches par gyur pade brjod par gyis sig / hon te ji skad bsad pasi don dan hgal bahi hthad pa gan z'ig kyan brjod par mi nus na ni deni tshe gal te kho bo cag gis bsad pahi hthd pa kho nas khyod, la yan mthah gnis spans pa de rigs na cihi phyir rtsod pa gz'an pa byed || - yatrAhayamaddayavAdastatrAprAptasya kasya bhAvasya mAvasvarUpaM bhavet / ye tAvadbhAvA nityAsteSAM svarUpaNa sadbhAvo nAstauti sadbhAvAsadbhAvakalpanA parIkSita na shkyaa| sadbhAvAsadbhAvakalpanAprattihetonityasya bhAvasyA bhaavaat| ye bhAvA utpattimantasteSAmapi nitya svarUpaM nAstIti svabhAvalakSaNa pratikUlalakSaNAnAM svabhAvenaM sadbhAvAsadbhAvakalpanA vyavavasthApayituM na zakyate / tasmAdyukti gamyatvena naute sphu Te'rthe vAdinaH khabuddhiviparyAsakalpitaM iyavAda vihAyAhayavAdamimaM strabuddhau sthaapyitumiinti| atha kayApyupapattyAyamoM na sidhyet nanu na yenAsmAkamapi manaHpratyayo bhvettducytaam| na tu kAcidyathoktArthaviruddhopapattirvaktuM shkyte| tasmAdutopapattita eva tavApyantahayaprahANe yukta kiM vAdAntareNa // 12 // 388 CSV : gan gi phyir hjig rten pa dan hjig rten las hdas pasi dnos po ran dan gz'an gyi gz'un lugs kyis yons su brtags pa rnams la gnis su med pahi no bo hdir dbyer med pa de nid kyi phyir | ___ = yasmAtsvaparasamayaparikalpitAnAM laukikalokottarANAM bhAvAnAmaiyarUpamihAvibhakta tasmAdeva- / dnos po kun gyi dnos med la rnam par dbye ba mi rigs te rdzas rnams kun la gan mthon ba de ni rnam dbyer mi hgyur ro || 13 || In d Vx of CSV mnams for rnam. V abhave sarvabhavanam vibhago naiva yujyate . bhave'pi sarvabhavanam sa vibhago na jayate || 12 || .xgi. 3 X 6gyur ba.

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280 CATUHSATAKA [388 There is nothing in the Tib. text for V's bhave' pi -bhavanam. I should like to suggest the following accepting his first half : 'babhAva sarvabhAvAnAM vibhAgo neva yujyate / sarvavyANi yaH pazyetsa bhavenna vibhAjakaH // 13 // CSV : rgyu dan rkyen las skyes pahi phyir ran bz'in byas pa can nid du thal bahi phyir duos po rnams kyi ran bz'in gan. yin pa de ni rgyu med pa can kho na yin la rgyu med pa la yan yod pa nid mi srid pas yodi par dgag pa la brten nas dnos po med pa kho na ai bz in yin te dios po ma yin pahi phyi ro || dehi phyir ran bz'in hdi thams cad la dbyer med pahi no bo yin pahi phyir dros po thans cad ran bz'in gyis ma skyes par ran gi no bo gcig pa ste | hdi Ita ste dios po med pahi ran bz'in gyi no boho || dper na bum pa dan khan z'inla gogs pa tha dad kyan thams cad sgrib pa med pa nid mtshuns pahi phyir gzugs med pa tsam gyis no bo nam mkhah ran gi no bo tha dad pa yod pa ma yin pa dan ) yan dper na dnos po rnams bdag nid ji lta ba bz'in du hdus byas thams cad mi rtag pa nid dan | zag pa dan bcas pa thams cad sdug bsnal ba nid do z'es bya ba la sogs pa tha: mi dad pa de bz'in du rdzas thams cad la gan z'ig mthon ba yan rdzas tha dad par rnam par bz'ag par minus so || de nid kyi phyir dnos po gcig gi lta po gan de ni kun gyi Ita por bsad . gcig gi ston nid gan yin pa de nid 4 kun gyi ston pa nid || ces snar bsad do || de nid kyi phyir bcom ldan hdas kyis gan gis dnos po rnams dnos po med ces ses gyurs | de ni dnos po kun la gz'ar yan chags pa med' | gan z'ig dros po kun la gz'ar yai chags med pal hdi ni mtsan ma med pasi tin ne hdzin la reg: | ces gsuns so || = hetupratyayajAtatvAtakhabhAvana katakAtva prApterbhAvAnAM yaH svabhAva: sa nirhetuka ev| nihatukave ca sattvaM na sanbhavatIti bhAvapratiSedha pratAtya 1 X med. 2 X hkhar z'on (?). 3 X gyis. ! X ni, but see VIII. 160=191d. 6 X adds pa.

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389] . CHAPTER XVI .281 bhAvasyAbhAva eva svabhAvo bhaavsyaabhaavaat| tasmAdayaM svabhAvaH sarveSAmabhinnarUpa iti sarve bhAvAH svabhAvanAjAtA ekarUpA ydutaabhaavsvbhaavruupaaH| yathA ghaTagrAhakSetrAdiSu bhibeSvapi sarvatra nirAvaraNatvasAmAnyAdarUpamAtrarUpamAkAzaM bhinnasvarUpaM na bhavati, yathA ca bhAvA yathAsvaM sarve saMskRtA anityA eva, sarve sAsavA duHkhA evetyAdi na bhinnamevaM yaH sarveSAM dravyANAM draSTA so]'pi dravyANAM bhedaM vyavasthApayituM na shknoti| ata eva bhAvasyai kasya yo TraSTA draSTA sarvasya sa smRtaH / ___ekasya zUnyatA yeva saiva sarvasya zUnyatA // iti puurvmuktm| ata evokta bhagavatA bhAvAnabhAvAniti yaH prajAnati sa sarvabhAveSu na jAtu sjjte| .. yaH sarvabhAveSu na jAtu sajjate sAnimittaM spRzate samAdhim // ' iti // 13 // 389 CSV : gz'an yan Jgz'an rtog pa sion du gton bar gyur pas kyan ji skad bsad pahi don khas blan bar bya ba ham yan na brgal z'in brtags pas lan gdab par byaho || ci ste gan la cun zad cig srid pa de la lan gdab par rigs kyi | gan gi lta na thams cad dios po med pa de la brjod par bya ba dan tshig dan smra ba po rnams dan rtogs par bya dan rtogs par byed pa dan rtogs pa po rnams rnam thams cad du med pas ji Itar lan gdab par bya deui phyir de la lan ma smras pa nid do snam na galte de Itar | - anyacca / parakalpanAyAH pUrvaM tyAgenApi yathoto'rthoM vAbhyupagantavyo'nuyuktAparIkSayA parihAro vA vktvyH| atha manyate-yasya kiJcidapi saMmbhavati yujyate tasya prihaarH| yasya tu sarveSAM bhAvAnAmabhAvastasya vAcyavacanavaktRNAM pratipAdyapratipAdakapratipattRRNAM ca sarvathAbhAvAtkathaM parihAro vktvyH| tasmAtra parihAra ukta iti| ydyevm-| 1191 (VIII. 16). .See MV, pp. 133, 265,277. 3 This samadhi is not enumerated in MVt. $ 21. For aninitta instead of animitta see Ponssin's MV, p. 29, n. 83; p. 123, n.33 and MVt. p. 28, n. 2. ! X simply rtog pa for rtogs par bya. 36

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[390 282 CATUHSATAKA med phyir gz'an gyi phyogs la lan brjod pa med par grags na ni] gtan tshigs kyis bzlog ran phyogs kyan | ci yi phyir na sgrub mi hgyur || 14 || In 6 V and Vx of CS min for med. V abhavad anyapaksasya prativacyo na cet kila | manahinah svapakso'pi kasmat siddho na jayate || 14 || It cannot be supported. I would offer the following: nAbhAvAtparapakSasya parihAraH kilocyte| .. 912 a Fuaisfu faqat gat gia: 1/881. CSV: gal te gz'an la thams cad med pas lan mi hdebs na khyod kyis hthad pa hgah z'ig gis khyod kyi ran gi phyogs ston pa nid kyi gtan tshigs kyis bzlog pa ci ste mi srgrub | ma grub pa ni khas blan bar rigs pa yan ma yin pas hdi ni yod pa ma yin no || . ___ = yadi parasya sarvAbhAvAdaparihArastvayA kayApi yuktyA zUnyatA. hetunirAktastava svapakSaH kiM na saadhyte| na cAsidhirabhyupagantuM yujyata iti ad hafa u p8 390 CSV:gan yan | sun hbyin byed pahi gtan tshigs rned ] sla z'es hjig rten na brjod na gz'an gyi phyogs la skyon brjod pa nid du ci yi phyir mi nus || 15 || In 6 V omits sla, and V and Vx of CS omit na after rten and add yan at the end. V yad dusto'dhigato hetur iti bhasapi laukiki) . yena doso'nyapaksasya vaktum eva na sakyate || 15 || I think it cannot be supported. The following may, however, be suggested here : sulabho dUSako heturiti loke'bhidhiiyte| parapakSasya doSaH kiM vaktumeva na zakyate // 15 //

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391] CHAPTER XVI 283 CSV: sun hbyin byed pahi gtan tshigs rned | sla z'es hjig rten na brjod na de yan mi rigs so || gal te sun hbyin pa byed pahi gtan tshigs yod par hgyur na ni deni tshe rned sla bahi phyir de khyod la yani yod pas khyod kyis kyan | gz'an gyi phyogs la skyon brjod pa | nid du ci yi phyir mi nus || khyod kyis gaz'an gyi phyogs la sun hbyin pa brjod par mi nus pas sun hbyin par byed pahi gtan tshigs rned par mi slaho 11deg sulabho dUSako heturitiM loka'bhidhIyate / tadapi na yuktam / yadi dUSako hetuH syAttadA sulabhatvAtsa tavApyastIti tvayApi parapakSasya doSaH kiM vakta meva na zakyate // tvayA parapakSasva dUSaNamudbhAvayitu na zakyata iti dUSako heturma sulabhaH // 15 // 391 CSV : ci ste hthad pa med par yan | =atha vinApyupapattim / yod ces bya ba tsam zig gis | gal te de nid dros yod na med ces bya ba tsam z'ig gis med par yan ni cis mi hgyur || 16 || V sannamamatrena yada bhavah kascid bhavisyati | abhavah kim na bhavati so'py asannamamatratah | 16 | I should like to change it: ekanAstItimAtreNa bhAvazcettattvato bhavet / nAstItimAtreNa kenAbhAvo'pi na hi kiM bhavet // 16 // * Or 1 Here are three verses introduced as bhagavatadeg iti vistarasa uktam (bcam ldan bdas kyiso z'es rgyas par gsuns soll ). astitimatrena yadi bhavo vidyeta tattvatah nastitimatrena katham abhavo'pi bhaven na hi || The OSV appears to support such rendering. But according to the Chinese version the samo Tib. text may be translated thus: sannamamatrenai kena syad bhavas tattvato yadi kimasannamamatrenai kenabhavo'pi no bhavet ||

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284 CATUHSATAKA [392 CSV: ji ltar khyod kyil yod do z'es bya bahi tshig tsam gyis deos po hdi kho na nid yod do z'es bya ba hjog pa de bz'in du nahi med do z'es bya bahi tshig tsam gyis kyan don dam par dnos po yod pa ma yin no z'es bya bar ci ste rnam par mi hjog | deni phyir yu bu cag gnis kyi gnis su smra ba bsal bas gois med par smra ba spros pa thams cad bcos pa hdi gz'un btsugs par hgyur ro || =yathA tavAstoti vacanamAtreNAyaM bhAvastattvato'stIti sthApyate evaM mama nAstItivacanamAtreNApi paramArthatoM bhAvo nAstIti kiM na vyavasthApyate / tasmAdAvayorvAdaddayApAkaraNAtkRtrimasarvaprapaJco'dhyavAdo'yaM madhye samu fta: 1188 392. CSV: hdir smras pa don dam par duos po med na ni dehi tshe med pa la yod do z'es bya bahi min hdir mi hgyur ro |l yod pa ma yin pahi mo gsam gyi bu la ni yod do z'es bya bahi min hdi ru mi run no || bsad par bya ste | = Tapi fe utata atat 7 pagina: affa 918 7 syaat| na hyasato vadhyAputrasya sanniti nAmaha yujyte| ucyte-| gan phyir yod bdog ces min btags de phyir med par mi hgyur na! gan phyir yod ces min byas pa ! de phyir yod par mi hgyur ro || 17 ||In a V and Vx of CS mi for min, and the former gtags for btags. In c V and Vx of CS mi for min. For a different reading of the last two lines see CSV quoted below. V sadartho yan na grathitas tenabhavo na jayate astiti yasman na krtam tena bhavo na jayate || 17 || The main defect here lies in V's misreading mi gtags for min btags. btags is perfect of hdogs pa, and min dogs means 'to give a name.' bdog is to be taken here in the sense of 'to be. I would translate the karika as follows: 1 X kyis.

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392] CHAPTER XVI 285 saditi yatkRtaM nAma tenAsannava jaayte| saditi yatkRtaM nAma tena sannaiva jAyate // 17 // CSV: gan phyir yod bdog ces min btags | de phyir med par mi hgyur na | gal te hdi Itar na gan phyir med ces min byas pa de phyir yod par mi hgyur ro | min ni min can gyi ran gi | no bohi rjes su mi byed do || de rnams ni min can gyi dros poui ran gi no bo dan dus mtshuns pa yan ma yin te de rnams sna rol dan phyis hdod pas byed pahi phyir ro || hdi Itar mig legs pa la z'ar ba z'es bya ba dan | tshe thun ba la tshe rin po z'es bya ba dan | choms poi la lhas btsas pa z'es bya ba la sogs paadon dan mi mthun pahi min rnams kyan dmigs pa yin no || dehi phyir | gan phyir yod ces min byas pa! dehi phyir yod par mi hgyur ro || rnam pa gcig tu na hdon pa gz'an yin te gan phyir med mi bdog ces min | btags pa de phyir yod hgyur min || gal te yod pa la yod do z'es min byas pa las dnos po ran gi no bo yod pa nid du rtog na ni rigs pas rnam par dpyad pa na yod pa ma yin pa nid kyis yod pa ma yin pa la med do z'es min btags pa las yod pa nid dgag pa cihi phyir mi nes te ] hdi yod pa nid du rtog pa ltar med pa nid du yan btags par rigs so || . = saditi yatkRtaM nAma tenAsadaiva jaayte| yadyevaM yatrAmAsaditi kRtaM tena sannaiva jAyate / nAmAni nAmino naiva svabhAvamanukurvate // na hi tAni nAmino bhAvasya svarUpeNa kAlena vA smpryuktaani| pUrva pazcAcca tessaambhiisstttvaat| tathA hi| sulocane kANa iti alpAyuSi dIrghAyuriti taskara devarakSita ityAdInyartha pratikUlAni nAmAnyupalabhyante / tasmAt . Ixpa. .xpas. .

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286 CATUHSATAKA [393 saditi yatkRtaM nAma tena sabeva jAyate // ekadhA tvanyaH pAThaH - nevAsaditi yadAma kRtaM tena na sdbhvet| yadi sataH saditi nAmakaraNAdbhAvaH khabhAvena sanneva kalpAte yuktyA vicAra'satvenAsato'saditi nAmakaraNAtsattvapratiSedhaH kimiti na nishciiyte| astra sadbhAvakalpanAvadasadbhAvo'pi yuktaM prajJApayitum // 17 // 393 CSV: hdir kha cig na re sgra rnams ni don gyi ran gi no bo ston par byed pa ma yin te gal te ston na ni deni tshe me z'es smras na kha htshig par hgyur la bum pa z'es smras na kha khens par hgyur ro || deni phyir kho bo cag gi don gyi ran gi no bo la mi reg pahi sgra rnams kyil brjod par bya ba dan brjod par byed pahi brda hjig rten pas thams cad yod do z'es brjod do z'es zer ro || de la brjod par bya ste - atra kecidaahuH| zabdAstAvabAthai svruupmbhiddhti| yadyabhidadhya. stadAgniruSNa ityukte mukhapradAho bhvet| ghaTa ityukta mukhaM pUrNaM bhavet / tasmAdasmAkamartha svarUpAspazibhiH zabdairvAcyavAcakena laukikena saGketena srvmstiityucyte| atrocyte-| gal te thams cad hjig rten pas brjod pas hjig rten pa yod na dnos gan de nid du yod pa | de ni hjig rten par cis hgyur || 18 || . Vuktatvat sarvalokena loko yadi bhavisyati | tasmad eva hi yo bhavah sa loko jayate katham || 18 || Evidently V takes hjig rten pa in the sense of loka, but, in fact, it means laukika. There is nothing in the Tib. text for his tasmad eva hi in c. I would translate : kathitaM laukikaineti sarva cellaukikaM bhavet / ko bhavettattvato bhAvaH sa kena laukiko bhavet // 18 // CSV : gal te dnos po yod paui ran bz'in can nid ran gi no bo la mi rego pahi sgra rnams kyis hjig rten pa brjod cin deni 1xkyis. . X rig.

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394] CHAPTER XVI 287 ran gi no bo yod na ni dehi phyir ran gi no bos yod pahi phyir de don dam pa kho nar hgyur gyi | hjig rten pa ni ma yin no || ci ste de hjig rten pa nid du yod pa nid yin gyi | ran bz'in gyis ma yin na ni deni tshe hjig rten pa de don dam pa nid du hgrub cin | don dam pa mthon ba las rnal hbyor pa rnams hkhor ba las grol bar yan hgyur ro z'es bya bar rigs so || = yadi sahastunaH sasvabhAvatvasvarUpAsparzibhiH zabdarabhidhIyamAnaM laukika tatsvarUpaM bhavet tadA] tata [eva] svarUpaNa sadbhAvAtsa paramArtha eva bhavetra tu laukikH| atha tasya laukikatvamevAsti na svabhAvastadA tasya laukikassa paramArthatvameva sidhyti| paramArthadarzanAcca yoginaH saMsArAnmucyeraniti yuktAm // 18 // 394 CSV : hdir smras pa | khyod kyis thun mon du smra mod kyi | de lta na yan dnos po bsal bas khyod la dnos po rnams med pa nid du hgyur ro || bsad par bya ste | tshig hdi ni kho bohi bsam pa las ma hdas par gnas soll gal te bdag dons po bkag pa las yod pa nid dan hgal ba med pa nid khas len par hgyur na ni deni tshe bgags pasi smra ba thams cad sel ba bsgrubs par ma hgyur te med pa nid du smra ba sin tu tha chad pa khas blans paui phyir ro z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | =anaah| yadyapi tvayA sAmAnyata ucyate tathApi bhAvApAkaraNAta tavAbhAva eva bhvti| ucyte| nedaM vacanaM mdaashymtikraantm| yadi mama bhAvapratiSedhAdastitvaviruI nAstitvamabhyupagamyate tadA[vagantavyaM] na pratiSedhana sarvavAdanirAkaraNaM sAdhyate abhAvavAdasyAtikSudvairabhyupagamAditi pratipAdayaH bAha gal te dnos kun med paai phyir | med pa nid du hgyur na ni de ltar yin na phyogs rnams kun dios po med par mi rigs so || 19 || In V and Vx of CS gyur for hgyur in b and ita for itar and dan for na in c. 1 x bgag gas.

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288 CATUHSATAKA [395 V. asattvat sarvabhavanam abhavo yadi vidyate tatha ca sarvapaksesu bhavo'san naiva yujyate || 19 || I should like to propose the following: abhAvAtsarvabhAvAnAmabhAva eva cadbhavet / satyevaM sarvapakSANAmabhAvo naiva yujyate // 18 // 395 CSV: dnos po yod na ni de de bkag pas dros po med par smra ba hgyur na gan gi tshe ji skad bsad pa hi tshul gvis dnos po nid mi srid pa deni tshe =bhAvasadbhAve hi tatra taviSedhAdabhAvavAdo bhavet / yadA tu. yatholena nyAyena bhAva eva na sambhavati tdaa-| dnos po med phyir dnos med la srid pa yod par mi hgyur ro] dros pa med par dnos po ni med par ga la hgrub par hgyur || 20 || In d Vx of CSV pa for par. V abhavatvad abhavasya bhavo'stiti na vidyate abhavatvad asan bhava iti siddhir bhavet katham || 20 | I think it cannot be accepted, and suggest the following: bhAvAbhAvAdabhAvasya sambhavo na bhvissyti|| abhAvo hi vinA bhAvaM kutaH siddho bhaviSyati // 20 // CSV: dnos po med phyir dnos med la|| srid pa yod par mi hgyur ro cini phyir dnos po med ce na dnos po med pa med pahi phyir ro gan las dnos po med pa med ce na | hdiItar | dnos po med par dros po ni med par ga la hgrub par hgyur || dros po hjig pa gz'an du hgyur bahi mtshan nid can ni dnos po med paho z'es hjig rten smra ba la dnos po de yan nes par dpyad pa na yod pa ma yin pas gan z'ig med pas dnos po med par srid par hgyur | gan gi tshe dnos po med pa yod pa mi srid pa deni 1 X hdir.

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396] CHAPTER XVI 289 tshe dnos por rtogs pa dros po med pa la bltos pas de med pa yin dan dnos po med pa med par grub bo || ___ =bhAvAbhAvAdabhAvasya sambhavo na bhaviSyati / kuto bhAvAbhAva iti cet / abhaavaabhaavaat| kuto'bhAvAbhAva iti cet / evam / __abhAvo hi vinA bhAvaM kutaH siddho bhaviSyati // bhAvasyAnyathAlakSaNo vinAzo hyabhAva iti loka ucyte| sa ca bhAva ekAntena vicAra nAstIti kasyAbhAvAdabhAvaH smbhvissyti| yadAbhAvo na sambhavati tadA bhAvapratItirabhAvamapekSata iti sa nAsti / abhAvo'pi na sidhyati // 20 // 396 CSV: hdir smras pa | rgyu med pahi don la grub pa med pahi phyir khyod kyis .gdon mi za bar ston pa nid du bsrgub pa la gtan tshigs bstan par bya dgos la 1 gtan tshigs yod pas kyan dnos po thams cad stor pa nid ma yin te gtan tshigs ltar gz'an yan yod pahi phyir ro || bsad par bya ste | gal te . =anaah| ahetukasya bhAvasyAsiddheravazyaM tvayA zUnyatAsAdhanAya hetuH prdrshyitvyH| hetusadbhAvAca na sarveSAM bhAvAnAM shuunytaa| hetuvadanyeSAmapi sdbhaavaat| ucyte| ydi-| ston pa gtan tshigs las hgyur bal de phyir ston par mi hgyur na dam bcah gtan tshigs las gaz'an ni | . ma yin des na gtan tshigs med || 21 || In a Vxx of CS and CSV gyur pa for hgyur ba. : V sunyam pramanato jatam atah sunyam na vidyate. pratijnanya na pramanat pramanam tan na vidyate || In d evidently pramanam is misprint for pramanam. Tib. gtan tshigs means hetu and not pramana as V has written. I would suggest : zUnyatA jAyate hetobhavattena na shuunytaa| pratijJA hetuto nAnyA tena hetuna vidyate // 21 // CSV : rgyuhi sna rol du ston pa nid yod pa ma yin paui phyir la | phyis yod pahi phyir ston pa nid byas par hgyur la byas . 37 .

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290 CATUHSATAKA [397 pa ma yin na yan sgyu mas sprul pahi ban glan mo? Itar bslu bar hgyur na ston pa nid ni ye mtshuns pani no bo yin pasi phyir bslu ba yan ma yin pas ston pa nid rgyus bsgrub par bya ba ma yin no || ci ste ses par byed pahi rgyu la bsams nas brjod na yan gtan tshigs mi srid pa nid do || ji Itar z'e na hdir gtan tshigs hdi dam bcah hgah z'ig bsgrub paui phyir brjod pa z'ig na gal te dam bcaua ba de las gtan tsigs de gz'an yin na ni l de ltar vin na phyogs kyi chos ma yin pahi phyir dam bcah bahi don go bar mi byed pas gtan tshigs la dam bcah ba las gz'an nid yod pa ma yin no ll gan gi tshe gz'an du mi hgyur ba dehi tshe gz'an nid med pahi phyir dam bcah bahi ran gi no bo bz'in du hdi gtan tshigs ma yin pas gtan tshigs med pa ste | dehi phyir dnos po rnams ran bz in med par grub po|| . __ =hetoH pUrva zUnyatA na bhavatIti / pazcAdbhavatauti zUnyatAyAH kRtakatvam / kRtakaM ca maayaagjprpnycvdvisNvaadkm| zUnyatA tvakSarasAmAnyarUpeti na visaMvAdiketi zUnyatA na hetusaadhyaa| atha jJApakaM hetumabhipretyoktam / tathApi hetune smbhvti| kthmiti| iha heturiti kasyAzcitpratijJAyAH sAdhakaM vacanam / yadi tasyAH pratijJAyAH sa hetustato'nyaH syaat| tathA sati pakSadharmoM na bhavatoti pratijJAtArthAnavagama iti hetoH pratijJAyA anyatvaM na bhvet| vadAnyo na bhavati tadAnyatvAbhAvApratijJAyAH svarUpavadayaM hetuna bhavatIti hetuna vidyte| tammAsihaM bhAvAnAM niHsvabhAvatvam // 21 // 397 CSV: hdir smras pa I gal te gtan tshigs med pas gtan tshigs dan bsgrub par bya ba ston pa nid ma yin par mi hgyur nal ho na re z'ig ston pa nid kyi dpe yod la de yod pas de dan hdra bar dios po gz'an yan hbyun bar hgyur ro || bsad par bya ste | dpe de yan rtog pa na gtan tshigs kyi don dan ma hbrel ba kho na z'ig gam hbrel ba bz'in rtog gran re z'ig gal te hbrel na ni gtan tshigs kyi sun hbyin pa nid kyis bsal to || ci ste ma hbrel na ni deni tshe de gnis la dam bcah bahi don sgrub pasi nus pa nid med pas cun zad kyan mi byed, la de brtags pas ci dgos zes bstan pahi phyir bsad pa | 1 ban glan mo=vrsa bhi. It seems that one should read here glan po=gaja. ax bcas.

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398] . CHAPTER XVI 291 =anaah| yadyapi hetorabhAvADetumAdhyayo zUnyatA nanu ca zUnyatAdRSTAntastAvadasti / tatsadbhAvAcca tahadanyeSAmapi bhAvAgAM bhAvo bhavet / ucyte| sa cedRSTAntaH kalpyate hetvarthanAsambaddha eva kalpyate sambaddho vaa| yadi taavtsmbddhH| hetodUSaNeneva niraakrnnm| athaasmbhH| tadA tayoH pratijJAtArtha siddhAsAmarthyAdeva na kinycitkiyte| [tatazca] kiM tena kalpiteneti prtipaadybaah--| gan phyir ston pahi dpe yod pa ! de ni ston par mi hgyur na bya rog ji Itar de bz'in du bdag kyan nag ces brjod nus sum || 22 | In d Vx of CSV nas ses for nag ces. V yasmac chunvasva drstantas tena sunyam na jayate kako yatha tathatmapi krsno vaktum na sakyate || 22 || There is nothing in the Tib. text for V's na in d. I should like to change his restoration slightly: yadasti zUnyadRSTAntastena zUnyaM na cedbhvet| AtmApi kAkavatkRSaNa iti vaktuM na zakyate / CSV: gal te gtan tshigs kyi don dan ma hbrel bahi dpe las don grub par sems na ni deni tshe bya rog gi nag pohi? dpe bdag kyan nag por hgyur ba hdi ni srid pa yan ma yin pas dpe mi rigs te dios po med pasi phyir ro | =yadi hetvarthAsambaDAdRSTAntAdarthasidhimanyate tadA kAkasya kRSNadRSTAnlenAmApi kRSNo bhavet / na cedaM sambhavatIti na yujyate dRSTAnto bhAvAbhAvAt // 22 // 398 gal te gtan tshigs kyan med la dpe yan med cin dnos po thams cad kyan med na khyod kyi bstan bcos byed pasi tshiga hdi don gan du bsgrub par bya bahi phyir yin | brjod pas bya ste | gal te nes brtags pa na dnos po hgah z'ig gi ran bz'in dmige na ni dehi tshe khas len par byed pa de lta yin dan ston pa nid du Ita ba yan phyin ci log nid du hgyur ro z'es bstan pahi phyir bsad pa ___ X pahi. .x tshigs.

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292 CATUNSATAKA [398 rufe atqua Erimisfa arfer [ act ] haarafu zararmabhAve tavedaM zAstrakAravacanaM kasyArthasya saadhnaay| ucyte| yadi niyamana parIkSAyAM kasyacidbhAvasya svabhAva upalabhyeta / tadA ] tAdRza [eva] abhyupagamo bhavet / zUnyatAdRSTistu viparItaiveti pratipAdayabAha--- / gal te ran bz'in gyis dnos yod | ston mthon yon tan ci z'ig yod , rtog pas mthon ba hchin ba ste de ni hdi ru hgag par bya || 23 || In b Vx of CS mi for ci. V and Vx of CS rtogs for rtog in c and dgag for hgag in d. V svabhavatas ced bhavo'sti sunyadrstya hi ko gunah|| drsto vibandho jnanena tad evatra niruddhyate || 23 || I should like to offer the following: ko guNaH zUnyatAdRSTyA syAcedbhAvaH svbhaavtH| bandhaH kalpanayA dRSTe: saiveha pratiSidhyate // 23 // CSV: gal te ran bz'in gyis dros yod | ston mthon yon tan ci z'ig yod | ston pa nid ne bar bstan pa ni de kbo na nid bstan par bya bahi phyir yin la de kho na nid kyan ran bz'in dan no bo yin no | gal te dnos po hgah z'ig la yod na ni deni tshe de nid don dam pa yin pas grol ba don du guer ba la de mthon ba kho na mdzes kyi ston pa nid mthon ba ni ma yin no l de ni deni tsbe yon ton du mi hgyur ba hbah z'ig tu ma zad kyi skur ba hdebs pa la z'ugs pahi phyir skyon toid dv hgyur ro |gan gi tshe dnos po ran bz'in med pa rnams phyin ci log las ran bz'in dan bcas pa nid du snan ba na hjig rten gyi mnon par z'en pahi hgyur z'in | dros por lhag par z'en pahi rgyu can las dan non mons pa las skye bahi rgyun skye bahi phyir de las hkhor bar hjug par hgyur ba dehi tshe dros po ran bz'in med pa rnams ran bz'in med pa nid du mnon par gsal bar byed pahi bstan bcos hdis sgro hdogs pa dan skur ba hdebs pa spans pahi sgo nas ran bz'in med pa nid ston z'in || hjig rten yan dnos po rnams kyi ran bz'in med pa nid bton

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398] : CHAPTER XVI 293 nas gzugs brnan dan sprul pa dan sgyu ma la sogs pa ltar dros po rnams la mnon par z'en pa na dnos po la mnon par z'en pahi rgyu can las dan non mons pa zad pas hdod chags la sogs pahi hchin ba mthah dag chad pa las nes par grol bar hgyur ro || deni phyir bstan bcos hdis dnos po rnams ran bz'in gz'i med pa tsam z'ig'ston to || bcom ldan hdas kyis chos thams cad ni ston pa ste ran bz'in med pahi tshul gyis so || chos thams cad mtshan ma med pa ste mtsan ma med pa ne bar gzun nas so chos thams cad smon pa med pa ste mi smon pa yi tshul gyis so I chos thams cad ni ran bz'in gyis hod gsal ba ste ses rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa yons su dag pas so z'es bya ba dan de bz'in du gan z'ig rkyen las kyes pa de ma skyes | de la skye ba ran bz'in yod ma yin rkyen la rag las gan de ston par bsad | gan z'ig ston nid ses de bag yod yin! z'es ji skad gsuos pa lta buho || : yan hdir rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba la bsnon pa ni ma yin no || Z'es bsad pa rtog pas mthon ba hchin ba ste . . de ni hdi ru hgag par bya 1 rtog pa ni yan dag pa ma yin paui ran bz'in gyi don sgro hdogs pa ste | dehi sgo nas sems can rnams beings par dmigs nas hkhor bahi sdug bsnal bcad par bya bahi phyir don de bzlog par bya bahi phyir thugs rje chen po mnah z'in sems can gyi sdug bsnal gyis sdug bsnal bahi de bz'in gsegs pa rnams dan | byan chub sems depah rnams rten cin hbrel bar byun ba dan hgal ba duos po rnams ran bz'in med pa tsam z'ig ston par mdzad de || de Itar na hdi ni mdor bsdus na sans rgyas kyi gsun gi don yin no z'es slop dpon gyisbstan bcos hdis rnam par bsad do 11deg = ko guNaH zUnyatAdRSTyA syAJcedbhAva: svabhAvataH / zUnyatopadezo hi tattvapratipAdanAya / tattvaM ca svabhAvaH svruupm| yadi kasya 1 X gyi.

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294 CATUHSATAKA [399. cidvAvasya sadbhAvaH syAttadA tattvaM paramArtho bhavediti mokSaprArthinastaddarzanameva zomanaM na tu shuunytaadrshnm| sa hi tadA na guNo['pi tu] kevalamevApavAda pravRttatvAddoSa ev| yadA ni:svabhAvAnAM bhAvAnAM viparyAsena saMkhabhAvatvaM dRzyate sadA lokasyAbhinivezaheturbhavati / bhAvAdhyavasAyahetukakamale zato janmaprabandhotpAdena tataH saMsArapravezaH / tadA niHsvabhAvAnAM bhAvAnAM niHsvabhAvatvaprakAzaka zAstramidamAropApavAdaprahANahArA niHsvabhAvatvaM darzayati / loko'pi bhAvAmAM niHkhabhAvatvamabhyasya pratibimbanirmANamAyAdiSviva bhAvAbhiniveza tadhetukakarma ke zakSayAdrAgAdisakalabandhacchedena vimukto bhavati / tasmAcchAstramidaM bhAvAnAM nimUlasvabhAvatvamA darzayati : yathoktaM bhagavatA- .. zUnyAH sarvadharmA ni:svbhaavyogen| ninimittAH sarvadharmA apraNidhAna yogena / prakatiprabhAsvarAH sarvadharmAH prajJAparimitAparizudhyeti // 1 evam yaH pratyayerjAyati sa hyajAto na tasya utpAdu sabhAvato'sti / yaH pratyayAdhaunu sa zUnya uto yaH zUnyatAM jAnati so'pramattaH // iti / api ceha pratItyasamutpAdasya nAsambhava ityAha bandhaH kalpanayA dRSTe: saiveha pratiSidhyate // kalpanA hybhuutsvbhaavmthaimaaropyti| tena sattvAnAM . bandhamupalabhya saMsAraduHkhacchedAya tamadhe nivartayitu mahAkAruNikA: sattvaduHkhaduHkhitAstathAgatA bodhisatvAca pratItyasamutpAdAviruI bhAvAnAM niHsvabhAvatvamAnaM darzayanti / evamidaM samAsato buddhavacanArtha ityAcAryeNAnena zAstreNa vyAkhyAtam / 23 // 399 CSV: gan dag ji ltar gnas pahi gsuo rab kyi don ji lta ba bz'in ma rtogs pas na dios po kha cig dnos po yod bdag kha cig dnos po med par yons su gsal bar byed pa de dag gi rtog pa dan phyin ci log pa nid du bstan pahi phyir bsad pa 1 See Astasahasrika Praji a par a mita (Bib. Ind.) p. 405%; MV (with Poussin's notes), pp. 238,278, 444,504. An a vatapta hradapasa m kra m a pasutra quoted in MV, pp. 239, 491, 500, 504 ; BCP, p. 355 ; Subhas ita sa mgraha, p. 21 (with wrong readings in b). * The meaning of the Tib. word bsnon is not here quite clear to me. bsnion can=mi srid pa, as says S.C. Das in his dictionary.

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399] CHAPTER XVI 295 -ye tu yathAvasthitapravacanAdhasya yathAvadanavabodhena kaccikA vAstava. rUpaM kaJciccAvAstavaM paridIpayanti teSAM kalpanA viparyAsaM ca prdrshybaah-| gcig yod gcig med ces bya ba de nid min hjig rten pahan min des na hdi yod hdi ces med brjod pa nid du nus ma yin || 24 In 6 Vx of CSV mi for min. V sad ekam ekam namast tattvam loko'pi naiva yat| tenedam sad asad veti vaktum eva na sakyate || 24 || This should be changed and the following may be proposed : eka sadasadekaM ca nedaM sattvaM na laukikm| tenedaM sadidamasahatA meva na zakyate // 24 // CSV:gan gi tshe thjig rten pahi dios po bsad par hdod pa dehi tshe phyi nan gi don gyi dbye bas phur po lna char yan hjig rten pahi rtog pa tshad mar byas te khas blan bar bya la gan gi tshe hjig rten las hdas pasi de kho na nid rnam par bsad pahi hdod pa deni tshe ni hphags pahi ye ses la bltos nas phun po lna char yan ran bz'in gyi ston par bsad par byaho || de las gz'an du gan run gcig hdod cin gan run mi hdod paui rgol bas ni de kho na nid dan thjig rten pa yan bsad par mi hgyur ro Il gan gis hdi de Itar yin. pa des na hdi yod hdi ces med brjod pa nid du nus ma yin || gal te sems dan sems las byun ba mnams yod na ni deni tshe bum pa dan snam bu la sogs pa rnams kyan yod de hjig rten mithah dag la grags pahi phyir ro || ci ste bum pa dan snam bu la sogs pa de rnams ranm par dpyad pa na med na ni deni tshe sems dan sems las byun barnams kyan med par hgyur te gni ga yan rigs pa dan bral bahi phyir ro || de ltar na hdi yod la hdi ni med do z'es bya bar brjod pa nid du mi nus so || =yadA lojhiko bhAvo vaktu miSyate tadA bAhyAdhyAmikabhedena skandhapaJcakamapi laukikI kalpanAM pramANaM kRtvAbhyupagantavyam / yadA tu lokottaraM tatvaM vyAkhyAtumiSyate tadAryajJAnamapekSya skandhapaJcakamapi svabhAvazUnyaM vyaakhyeym|

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296 CATUHSATAKA [400 tato'nyatra yadyuktAmiSyate yacca yukta nethate vAdinA [ tat ] tattvaM laukika vA nessyte| yenaitedevaM tenedaM sadidamasahaktumeva na zakyate // yadi cittacaitasikAni syu stadA ghaTapaTAdayo'pi syaH skllokprsiddheH| atha te ghaTapaTAdayo vicAra na syustadA cittacaitasikAnyapi na syarubhayorapi yuktivirhaat| evaM satIdaM sadidamasaditi vaktumeva na zakyate // 24 // 400 CSV: dir smras pa | bdag gis khyod la lan gdab par mi nus mod kyi de ltar na yan gan dag khyod la lan hdebs par hgyur ba | de bz'in gsegs pahi bstan pa la mnon par brtson pa dag hgyur bar hgyur ro || bsad par bya stekhyod kyi re ba hdi ni brdzun pa zig ste ] hdi ltar | ___pravAha / yadyapi mayA tava parihAra: kattuM na zakyate tathApi kariSyanti kecittava prihaarm| udbhaviSyanti hi tathAgatazAsana'bhiyuktAH / ucyte| mithyeyaM tvaashaa| tathA hi-| yod dan med dan yod med z'es | gan la phyogs ni yod min pa de la yun ni rin po nahan | __klan ka brjod pa nus ma yin || 25 || rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las slob dpon dan | slop ma rnam par gtan la dbab pa bstan pa ste | rab tu byed pa bcu drug paha || * sadasatsadasacceti yasya pakSo na vidyte| upAlambhazcireNApi tasya vaktaM na zakyate // 25 // 1 // yogAcAracatuHzatake guruziSyavinirNayasandarzanaM Sor3azaM prakaraNam // 16 // CSV : phyogs yons su hdzin pa yod na ni rnam pa gz'an du bsgrubs pa las de Itahan dus ches yun rin ba z'ig gis de la sun hbyin pa srid na | gan la yod pa dan med pa dan gni gaui phyogs spans pas : phyogs yons su hdzin pa nid yod pa ma yin pa 1 Quoted in MV, p. 16; Subhasita sa mgraha, p. 27. In the latter the karika is wrongly attributed to Nagarjuna. See Mu se on, 1900, 2, p. 240. 2 X adds here gan la which seems not to be required.

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297 400]. CHAPTER XVI de la ni yod pa dan med pa gni gaui phyogs spans pas dus yun rin pos kyan sun hbyin pa brjod par mi nus pa nid do || nam khahi gzugs can nid, da lta mi srid pas dus yun rin pos kyan srid par bya bar mi nus pa de bz'in du rgol ba dag gisi kyan dehi rten phyogs gsum ga yan mi srid pas ston pa nid du smra bahi sun. hbyin pa yun rin pos kyan brjod par mi nus te | mkhas pas ston pa nid du smra ba la sun "byin pa nam mkhahi ri mo dan lcags kyi gzugs pahi gzir ba dan hdra bar khon du chud par byaho || yan ji ltar nam mkhahi ni mani lod zer gyi tshogs kyis bsal z'in z'ig par gyur pahi mun pa rnams kyise dus yun rin pos kyan ni mahi hod zer gyi tshogs gsal ba mog mog por bya bar mi nus pa de bz'in du zab cin rgya che bas basm. gyis mi khyab pahi rten cin hbrel bar hbyun ba bsgoms pas rtogs pahi ni mahi hod zer gyis rgol ba mthah dag gi gz'un lugs kyi mun pa rnams bsal ba yan yin no z'es bya bar khon du chud par byaho || yan bsad pa ji Itar hdi ni ni mahi hod zer mtshuns pa med pa yis dus yun rin bar mun pahi tshogs chen thzoms sin hzoms hgyur 1tar | de buoin gro bai don byed guis su med pahi mi ma yai | yod dan med pa la sogs gz'un lugs mun pa thzoms byed yin || rtog geni gz'un lugs mun pas bkab pa yi | blo yi mig hdi da ltar phye byas nas bsod nams gan thob de yis skye bo hdi | yons kyis de nid blo mig gis mthon sog |! slob dpon hphags pa lhahi z'al sna nas kyi byan chub sems dpaui rnal hbyor spyod pa bz'i brgya pa las | slob dpon dan slob ma rnam par gtan la dbab pa sgom pa bstan pa z'es bya ba ste rab tu byed pa bcu drug pahi hgrel baho || bz'i brgya pahi hgrel ba slob dpon zla ba grags pahi z'al sia nas kyis mdzad pa rdzogs so || =sati hi pakSaparigrahe'nyathAsiddhe mahatA kAlena cireNa tasya dUSaNaM sambhavati / yasya tu sadasadubhayapakSaprahANena pakSaparigraha eva nAsti tasya sadasaduHU92481mfatura gav aai a mal amie Eat and 3 X gz'us. 5 X la for ba. 1 X gi. X kyis. X kyi. * As unnecessary de Itahan of the text is left out untranslated. 38 & A

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298 CATUHSATAKA [400 na sambhavatIti cireNApi kAlena sambhAvayitu na shkyte| evaM vAdibhirapi tadAzrayapakSavayAsambhavAcchU nyatAvAdadUSaNaM cireNApi vakta na zakyate / paNDitehi zUnyatAvAdadUSaNamAkAzacitrAyaHpratimayogativadavagantavyam / yathA nabhasi sUryakiraNasamUhena nirastaisti miraizcireNApi kAlena sa zyAmaukata na zakyate evaM gambhaurodArAcintyapratItyasamutpAdabhAvanAvagamasUryakiraNena sakalavAdisamayatimirANi nirasyanta itybgntvym| api cocyate / yahAsadRzaH sUrya ciraM mahAntaM timirasamUhamunmUlayanunmUlayatyevaM jagadarthakarAhayasUryo'pi sdsdaadismytimirmummuulyti| tArkikasamayatamohatabuddezcakSuradhunedamunmolya / __ labdhaiH puNyaiH pUrNa pazyatu tattvaM jano'tra dhaunetraH // 25 // prAcAryAya devapAdIye bodhisattvayogAcAra catuHzatake guruziSyavinirNayabhAvanAsandarzananAmakasya Sor3azaprakaraNasya vRttiH| // catuHzatakahattirAcAryacandrakIrtipAdakatA sampUrNA //

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ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS The two successive figures refer to the page and the line respectively. 3.12. Add rAgAdyasiddhi before pratipA. .. 4.14. Read 4 for 3. 5.13. Add In a Vx of CSV dus for du. 9.14. Read pravRtte- for pravRtta-. 11. 9. Should one read yod for med ? -21. Read 12 for ll. 12. 8. Add. In c Vx of CSV la for las. 15.17. Read and for ann. - 28. Read sila for ila. 20. 7. Read evaM bhikSava AdaraH kriyate for bhikSavastaddarzanena ta AdaraH | and vipAkakAmena for vipAkasya kAmana / -28. Read nindAnyA tu for nindAnyatra 21.11. After bz'in noil add : gan gi tshe'bcom ldan hdas sa kya thub pas ba ra na sir khyod ma hons pahi dus na de bz'in gsegs pa dgra bcom pa yan dag par rdzogs pahi sans rgyas byams a z'es bya bar hgyur la ) yan dehi tshe hkhor los sgyur bahi rgyal po dun z'es bya ba hbyun bar hgyur z'in | der gron khyer hdi nid du khyod bz'ugs pa dan yons su mya nan las hdus pa la mchod pa chen po byas te rab tu byun nas dgra bcom pa nid kyis yons mya nan las hdus par hgyur ro z'es byan chub sems dpah mi pham pa z'es bya ba lun ..bstan par mdzad pa dan || -25. For sarva kAmayase jar3a: read : sarvadharmeSu heyeSu kiM punaradharmANAM kathanena / utaatvaat| vimuktisukhakAmasya kazcidapi rAgI na jnyaayte| tadhi niravazeSarAgacchedanena prApyamiti / ajitsuutrvt| yadA bhagavAnchAkyamunirANasyAM [tadA] tvamanAgate kAle tathAgato'han samyaksambuddho maineyo bhvissysi| api ca tadA cakravartI rAjA zAho nAma bhvissyti| tasminneva nagare parinirvANa mahAsamAdaraM jAvA pravajyAhavena parinivRto bhaviSyasi / bodhisatkho'jitI nAma dezamA vAriyarthAta / tatastatparivAramadhye'jito nAma bhikssurbhvissyti| sa hantAhaM caturkopezvaracakravartI zako bhaveyamiti praNidhAnaM vidhAya bhagavatevaM duHkhaM vArayitavyamiti 'pravajya svaM duHkhabhava kAmasase jar3a:

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300 CATUHSATAKA 22.29. Add the following note on this karika, 193 (=VIII. 18): The original is found in SS, p. 11 : sunyata punyakamena vaktavya naiva sarvada. nanu prayuktam asthane jayate visam ausadhami. 24. 8. This karika, 194 (=VIII. 19) is quoted in MV, p. 370. See JA, 1902, II, p. 257. 25. 8. Read 372 for 272. 28.10. Read tan for ton. 30. 4. This karika is quoted also in MV of Buddhapalita, Tib. text (BB), p. 10, with a wrong reading, i.e. drstanta (dpe) for drsto'nto. 33. 1. Read #friat for year. 41.13. Read Itar for bar (?). 62.27. Read dan for dan. 69. 7. Read nAstyahaM for nAsmAha. 78.25. Read syAtpuruSaH for syAppuruSaH. 96.30. In a, b, and c of this karika Vx of CSV hgyur for gyur. 97. 5. Read sattayam for sttayam. 100. 2. Read fe faadfast for [a ] fara mi. 115.21. Read weat for 769). 158. 4. Read #tatar- for atalar-. . 165.23. Read zu for 3EUR. 182.31. The X of India Office clearly reads mtshuns. 183.32, note 2. Read seem for seems. 199.15. Read for EUR. 202. 6. Read gut: for gut:. 211.16. Read vAyA for vAthA. 215.11. Read fatto for facio. -18. Read degsacceti for degsaceti. -20. Read eteSva kadeg for etavya. 227. 4. Read 38 for Rs. 236.32. Add at the end 8 || 251. 4. Read vandhyA for nandhyA . 254. 1. Read [367 for [354 255. 1. Read [368 for [358.

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INDEXES The figures in the first two Indexes refer to the karikus and in others to the pages. 231 20 N 326 236 343 197 :277 247 apakurvApasya nirvAyAM paniruNaH kathaM nu syAt *agnireva bhavasyuSaNam pajAto nAta ityava parIraMzo'sti nAstIti paNorakasya yatsthAna *ahitauyaM zivahAra anAgate ghaTe vatacanAgato'syatIto'sti *anitya katakaM dRSTA anityatvana sahitA *nitye sati satkArya *anivI vartamAnI'yam *baniyano'pyanAtAtu apacaH pakSarUpa: syAt *camatotyAstitA nAsti aprayana mocaH syAt abhAvAtsarvabhAvAnAm bhabhAve parabhAvasya pabhAve sarvabhAvAnAm *abhibhUto'pi yaguNaH *pahAtacakranirmANaazUnyena vinA zUnya camadante nAyate cet asti yanna parIkSAyAma asmindhameM'lpapuNyasya *pasya dharmasya nAmo'pi mahAro'sataH zreyAn SANSKRIT KARIKAS ... 186 hiMsA nitya pAtmA ca ... 384 *pAkAzAdauni kalpAnte ... 341 pAtmama sacittasya ... 371 AtmA yadi bhavenmoce 305 bhAdimadhyAvasAmAnA 214 bhAdina vidyate yasya ... 288 *dhAmocAda yasya dharmastha ... 251 *AyatnaM yakha bhArasya ... 254 *bA vinAzAcakhaM nAma ... 204 *indhanaM yANo ti ... 274 * yadyapi tattvajJo 263 utA bhavA bhavopAyaH 258 sakchadazedanityasya 372 ucyate khargakAmebhyo 383 utpannaH zAzvatAzAvAt 202 utpannasthAgatirnAsti 264 *utpAdazitimAnAM 394 utpAdAdiSu sarveSu - 356 *iMgo yasya nAstIta ... 383 pAyAindhanAdhyAda , 342 eka sadasadekaca 325 ekAntenaiva pAkhAnA 382 ekanAsotimAlekha 351 *eko yadi ghaTo neTo ... 880 *enenava vicAraNa : 80 kaThinA dRzyate bhUmiH. ... 289 kathitaM khaukiketi .... .487 *karavaM bAbate micyA 192. 360 ... 361 362 181 399 284 391 329 302 309 ... 393 035

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302 CATUHSATAKA 298 262 275 *kartuM nAma vijAnanti kasyacikana citsArdham *kAraNaM bikRti gacchan / *kAraNa vyatirekeNa *kiM kariSyati sa tyAga *kiM kariSyAmyasatsarvam *vanaSiddha tunA zUnyam ko guNaH zUnsa sAdRSTayA kriyAvAJchAcato nAsti kazaH karmavipAsA *gatena na guNaH kaSit *grajIyAdagataM cakSuH grahaNaM pUrvabhArgava yAyo'nyato'pi yukto'rthaH *ghaTasya kAraNaM nAsti *ghaTasya na bhavedaikyam *ghaTasthAvayabo rUpaM *ghaTaH kAraNataH siddhaH *tuH pratItya rUpaJca *cakSuSo'sti na vijJAnam *cetanAdhAturanyatra *tanyaca manImAve nAtistadA na bhavati jAtidharaNasajhAvAt *jAtI yadA tadA nAsti nAnAti ya imaM dharmam *nAyate'sIti niSpanI *jAyamAnanirodhana jAyamAnAmanA kAryoM *nAyamAnAjAtalAt novaH suvAdimAtrAmA jJAnaM pratyayakalyAt jAnana mocakAla syAt camamA .... 241 *tavaiva rajyate kazcit / 179 tatvatA nairAtmyamiti 209 bAmo mArabhya ta'dRSTa 375 *tasya tasyakatA nAsti 279 durbalA nityatA yatra __... 184 *duHkhAbhibhUtA dRzyante 376 dRzyate'mAgato bhAvaH 394 dRzyate sarvagaH kaizcita 242 *daMvakiti yAti ... 297 draSTavyatva na jAtena . 314 *dhama samAsato'hisA 315 *dharmoM yakRto'sti 216 na dRSTo dRzyata bhAvaz 300 *na bhAvAjAyate bhAgI / 337 naraghu pratikUlaSu 332 *ma baktA jAyate kena 334 *na vinA hetunA bhAvI 338 naSTaH phalena yaha tum| ... 323 *na hyasparzavato nAma ,... ... 317 *nAnyayA bhASayA nachaH ... 237 nAbhAvAtparapacasya 238 *nAzUnya zUnya baddaSTam *nAsotyAga nAyamAmo'pi .... 232 nikRSTasyocyate dAnaM 70 nRSu duHkhAdiSu 291 nava naurNa pUrvajAtam ... 374 *parassati kiM nAm ... 369 *pazyetcirAhare ... 367 pUrva pasAca yugapada 366 pratIsya sambhavo yasya 234 *pradezini na sasmin 312 *prAptace da gRhAta zabdaH 222 phalama nAzyate hetum ... 354 mAmazAnA pacA pa ... 2668 353 189 4 206 ... . . ....295

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INDEX 303 330 293 320 240 308 336 327 304 340 NA 363 307 359 290 borSa bhAsya vijJAnaM baunabhUtAnamArthasya *buddhItaSu parokSeSu bhavetsarveSu bhAveSu bhavedAtma ti cennai va bhavejjAto'nAgata bhASadarzanato bhAvAbhAvasya nAsparzavataH *bhAvasya kasya yo draSTA bhASA pariNAmo'pi bhAvAbhAvAdabhAvasya *bhAvAsvayo na santyanye bhAvo naiva bhavanAvo bhinne bhAvAdanityatvaM bhautikamaci kaca .. *manasA rayate yo'ya: munnI yadi bhavenna va yatrANorapi saGkAyo * yathA baunasya dRSTo'nto yacAhi tatakA hojAt yadasti zUnyadRSTAntam *yadA na kiSitAyeM *yadA vanA'sti vAcya ca / *yadA sarveSu bhUteSu yadi dRSTena rUpeNa yadi nityamanityatvaM yadi zUnyasya doSeNa yadyatItAmAgatayoH *yasavAtmA mamAnAmA *yasmAtpravartate bhAvasa yAdamAgatI bhAva: *yasmin bhAve pravRttica yasya pUrva pradezo'ti *yaH pacAvAyate bhAvaH 350 *yAvaddavyaM yadA kapam ___ *yAvanna zUyate zabdasa 280 *yeSAM guNAnAM kartRtvam rUpadarzananirmukta 245 *rUpamanyadra sAdibhyo 256 *rUpameva ghaTI ne kyama rupamyava kevanakha *pAdivyatirIkeNa 191 bakSyaM cellakSaNAdanyala 266 *lakSaNa nApi batyasya 395 *loko'yaM yena durduSTI 345 *laukikI dezanA yatra 365 varaM laukika mevedaM 270 varNAdanyatmazAna' cet 31 bartamAnasya bhAvasya 322 *bAdasya hi kRte dharmoM ... 246 bAraNaM parapaJcasva 386 mAraNaM prAyapuNyasya 200 vighna tatvakha yaH kuryAda 249 vijAnAti yathA nArtha397 vidyAyahaNataH zraddhA 324 *vinA kalpanayAstitva 377 *vinApi janmamA bhakAda 227 vinA phalena bhAvAnAM 303 vinA pakhena yatIr 273 *viyuktamindriyavitta' 378 *vailakSaNyaM yordaSTA 252 vyarthatana zUndhatura 228 zAThI buddhimAnoM 250 zAkya rakhakaivipraiH 253 zAzatasya kuto bAdhA 207 zAzvataM kAraNa yasya 215 *zaulAdapi varaM nasI 259 zUnyatA nAyate haitIra 379 296 178 357 349 208 321 328 286 396

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304 CATUSHATAKA ... zUnyatA puNyakAmena *zrutvA zarIranaiguNyaM saMzleSau zAvato bhAvo *sadasatsadamati saditi yatkRtanAma *majAve'pyAtmanI rUpasahAga'nyasya kasya sthAt santAnadRSTidoSe hi *samavAye'pi rUpasya *sambhavaH kriyate yasya *samyagdRSTa para sthAna *sarvaeva ghaTo'dRSTo *marvakAryeSu niSpatti sarvatyAgena niNa *sarva kAryAdhamutpanna ... 193 *sarveSAmapi rUpANa . __... 199 sarvo'pya kyage bhUtvA ... 219 sulabho dUSako hetur . 195, 346, 400 skandhAH manti na nirmANa ... 392 *stambhAdaunAmalaDhArI ... 248 zitiyadi bhavetkAra 387 sthiti binA kuto bhAvo ... 347 syAdatItAdatItaveda .... 339 khapakSaH sarvakhokasya ... 260 *vapakSe vidyate rAgaH khabhASaH sarvabhAvAnAM 301 khayaM ye yAnti nirvA 198 hetuH kazcana dezaH syAda 278 hatAryat pArimANDalyam ... 201 ICO II .. .. .. 397 .. 370 .. .. 324 375 .. kun kyan yan lag tu gyur nas kun yod ma yin ci bya z'es rkyen ma tshan phyir ses pa ni skye dan skye bar skes bu ni skye dan gnas dan hjig pa mnams skye ba dran pa yod pahi phyir skye ba med kyan hjig pa las skye ba la sogs thams cad la skye bz'in pa snar ma byun yan skye bz'in pa ni phyed skyes phyir skye bz'in pa ni ma skyes pa skye bz'in pa ni ma rdzogs kyan skye bz'in pa yi bdag nid du skyes pa la ni hon ba dan khyod kyi bdag gan nahi bdag min khyod la ran phyogs chags yod cin mkhha la sogs rnams rtag go ceg gan gis hjig rten hdi mthon dkah gan gi gnis po bar med par gan gi phyir na skye bz'in pa gan gi phyir na ma hons dros gan gi phyoga hgah rgyu yin z'in TIBETAN KARIKAS 306 gan gi yon tan byed po dan 184 gan du mnon sum gyis bum der 312 gan phyir dnos po hjug hgyur ba 229 gan phyir ston pahi dpe yod pa 366 gan phyir yod bdog ces min bta.gs. 232 gan tshe skyes pa de yi tshe 257 "gan tshe mkhas la sa sten na 362 gan tshe rgyu ni ma gtogs par 373 gan tshe nan bdag bud med min 366 gan tshe hbyun ba thams cad la 371 gan tshe emra po brjod bya nahan 372 gan tshe rdzas ji tsam gzugs na .. 367 gan z'ig gton tha bs mi ses de .. 360 gan z'ig gti mug bgah z'ig gis 228 ganzig hbyun bar byed pade .. gan z'ig yod na dnos po la .. 205 gan la brten nas hbyun yod pa 281 gan la dan po yod min z'in 368 gan la hdir skyo yod min pa 369 gan la sar gyi phyogs yod pa 253 gan las hjig rten bstan hbyun ba .. 212 gal te kun la gnis min na .. 279 .. 285 .. 280 185 .. 348

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INDEX 305 358 322 357 399 220 181 192 :::::::::::::: gal te kun la bdag yod na gal te grol ba med nid na gal te dnos kun med pahi phyir gal te dnos po yod min na gal to goig bum mi hdod na gal te rtag tu mi rtag nid gal te ston pahi nes pa yis gal te thams cad hjig rten pas gal te dus la gqas yod na gal te bdag ceg bya yod na gal te mdog las dbyibs gz'an na gal te rdul la sin med na gal te gaas pa mi rtag dan gal to phyogs nid du hgyur na gal te phrad de sgra hdzin na gal te byas pa med kyan chos gal te ma hons skyes yod na gal te mi rtag dnos gz'an na gal te mi rtag chad yin na gal te mi rtag stobs cun min gal te smra z'in sgra bgro na gal te z'ig pa ma hons pahi gal te zil mnan tsha na yan gal te gzugs mthon ba yis de gal te gzuge mthon mig hgro na gal te yona su brtage pa na gal te ran bz'in gyis dnos yod gal te ses pa yod rtag na gal te gsum dnos de gz'an rnams mgal mehi hkhor lo sprul pa dan hgah lahan gan dan lhan cig tu rgyu hgah z'ig gis ston pa yan rgyu ni:rnam par hgyur ba na rgyu med par ni duos po med rgyu yi zlum po gan yin pa - sgrim pa med par thar bgyur te dnos rnams yons su hgyur ba ran dnos pa gan z'ig phyis skye ba dnos po kun gyi dnos med la dnos po kun gyi ran bz'in ni dnos pa gan gan yons brtag pa dnos po gan z'ig gz'an hgah lahan dnos po dnos por mi bgyur te dnos po dnos las mi skye ste dnos po gcig gi Ita po gan dnos po rtag pa las skyes pa dnos po mthon nas dnos po ni dnos po med phyir duos mod la . 39 239 .. 246 .. 394 384 ... 329 273 378 393 269 .. 245 307 343 274 383 319 .. 262 256 270 247 .. 272 .. 318 .. 252 .. 342 .. 303 .. 314 .. 380 .. 398 235 345 ... 325 .. 179 . 376 .. 209 203 .. 213 264 268 259 .. 388 .. 316 344 326 .. 365 .. 364 191 .. 211 .. 385 .. 395 svar skyes pa yi phyir na ni svar mthon ba yi don gan z'ig .. snon dan phyis dan cig car z'es .. gcig yod gcig med ces bya ba .. chin dan bcin dan thabs las gz'an .. chos gan z'ig la thub pa yis chos chags de bz'in geogs rnams kyis chos hdi gan gis ses gyur pa chos hdi de bz'in gsegg rnams kyis .. chos hdi yi ni min las kyan chos ni mdor na mi htshe bar ji ltar kla klo skad gz'an gyis ji ltar rgyun la Ita nes na ji ltar rnam ses gcig gis ni ji ltar bram ze mnams la chos ji ltar mi mthun mi rnams la ji ltar gzugs sogs ma gtogs par ji ltar rig pa blans pa las ji ltar sa bon m thah mthon z'in .. ji ltar sa bon byas pa las .. ji srid egra thos ma gyur pa hjig rten pa hdi nid bla yi .. gois mtshan mi mthun mthod nas ni rtag pa gan gi rgyu yin pahi rtag la gnod pa ga la yod rtog pa med par hdod chags la blta bya skyes pas bum pa ni ston pa gtan tshigs las hgyur ba tha mar med pa skye bar bgyur thams cad btan bas mya nan las thams oad hbras buhi don skye ba thar pa bdag cig yod na ni thog ma bar dan tha ma rnans thogs lan dnos po rtag pa ni mthon zin dnos po mi sran z'in da Itar ba yi dnos po ni dam pa min la bdag hdzin mchog .. de nid du bdag med snam du de nid ses pas gal te hdir de tahe skye ba yod min z'in de la de yi dnos po ru don min sa bon gyur pa yi don min sa bon gyur pa yi bdag ni mya dan hdah bgyur z'es bdag ni yod par gyur naban gzuge bde ba la sogs dan ldan srog . mdun gyis len z'in rgyab kyis ni .. hdas pa dan ni da ltar ba 291 290 289 298 194 347 268 295 176 340 296 200 249 320 225 328 210 244 178 310 396 351 278 201 223 355 219 275 359 287 292 197 353 354 293 293 182 248 234 216 258

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306 CATUH SATAKA 297 267 .. 301 208 391 hdas pa las ni hdas hgyur ba 255 mtshan nid kyis kyan mtshan gz'i ni 331 rdul phran gcig gi gnas gan yin .. 214 mtshan nid rnams dan so go ni 332 rdul phran la yan yod pahi dnos . 386 mtshan las mtshan gz'i gz'an z'e na.. 363 rdul la cha sas yod med ces .. 305 rdzas ni bya ba ji bz'in du .. 236 Adug benal las kyi rnam smin phyir .. rdzogs pa yod ces byar hgyur la sdug bsnal las thar mi rname la .. 224 z'i sgo gnis pa med pa dan .. 288 gnas med dnos po ga la yod gz'an gyi dnos po med par ni .. mnam pa dpyad pa hdi nid kyis 302 gz'an gyi phyoga ni bzlog pa dan .. phyogs ses bya ba phyogs can ni 206 gz'an du ses pa yod pahi khams hphrod pa hdus par gyur kyan gzugs .. 339 gzugs nid bum z'es goig ma yin .. 327 bum pa rgyu las hgrub hgyur z'in .. 338 gzugs m thon tshe na bum pa ni bum pala ni rgyu yod min . 337 gzugs ni Ita z'ig ma gtogs par .. 308 bya ba dan Idan rtag pa med 242 gzugs ni bum pahi yan lag ste byed med mya nan hdah hgyur z'in .. 186 gzugs rnams kun lahan gzugs nid ni .. 335 byis mnams nes pa kho nar ni .. 284 gzugs ni hbah z'ig kho na la .. 304 dban po mnams dan bral sems kyis .. 321 gzur gnas blo Idan don gner bahi .. 276 h bras bu med par rgyu la ni yan dag mthon na gnas mchog la : 196 hbras bu med par dros pe ni 349 yod ces bya ba tsam z'ig gis . .. hbras bu yis ni rgyu bz'ig pa 218, 352 god dan med dan yod med dan, 195, 346, 400 h bras bu yod nid gan hdod dan . 265 yon tan mams kyis mnam kun tu .. 241 sbyin pa dman pa la gauns sin .. 189 ran phyogs hjig rten thams cad la .. 299 ma brten par ni yod nid med rigs pani don ni gz'an las kyan 300 ma mthon ekrag par mi rtsom gte .. 283 reg dan mi ldan dnos po la ma hons pani dnog mthon na .. 261 reg ldan reg dan mi ldan dan ma hons pa yod hdas pa yod ro sogs dag las gzugs gz'an z'in .. 336 ma hons bum la da Itar bahi la la sdug bsnal zil mnan z'in mi rtag nid gar sto bs chun der 271 la lar kun tu kon bar mthon mi rtag byas par mthon gyur nas .. 204 lus la yon tan med thog nas .. 199 mi rtag yin na ci lta bur 263 ses yod yid tsam z'ig la ste .. 238 mi ston med par ston pa ni 382 sa ni brtan z'os bya bar mthon .. mi htshe ba dan bdag rtag pa sans rgyas kyis gsuns Ikog gyur la .. mig dan gzugs la brten nas yid 323 sa kya gos med bram ze ste ... 294 mig ni hgros dan Idan bgyur na 313 sun hbyin byed pahi gtan tshigs rned mig ni hbyun gyur ma de bz'in sema pe can dan ldan bdag kyan mig ma snon bar hdzin na ni .. 316 bsam bz'in pa na bya ba ni .. 198 mig la mnam ses yod min z'in 317 bsod namg cun du.chos hdi la .. 180 med phyir gz'an gyi phyogs la lan .. 389 bsod nams hdod pas ston pa hid . 193 mya nan hdas par ran hgro gan 282 bsod name rin pa dan par zlog mya nan hdas la phun po mnams .. 221 grid dan bral la thar pani tshe - 222 tsha ba me nid du hgyur te 341 grid dan srid thabs z'i ba yi 277 tshul khrims las ni fiams bla yi .. 286 srid pahi sa bon rnam bes te 850 la la de nid la chags te 177 230 . 333 231 ::::::::::::::::::::: 311

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INDEX 307 III BHAGAVAD-VAKYAS IN THE COMMENTARY + eva sa bhikSa: ... 20 par3a mAna bhikSavA nAmamAva ... pati bhikSavasadanAtamabhUtama saMskRtam 56 biduHkha 'maravazeSamidaM progama eva cakSubhicava utpadyamAna ... ... 243 vara khasnu kAzyapa punadRSTiH + sadAcApi nAma kAzyapa kazcida ... 272 zUnyAH sarvadharmA niHkhabhAvayogena tidyathA bhikSayo mAyAkArA vA . ... 194 244 . IV SANSKRIT KARIKAS CITED IN THE COMMENTARY atItA sathatA yat .32 yadi ko ci dharmANi bhavet khabhAva: panityA vata saMskArA ... ... 109 yaH pratyaya yati sa dhajAto ... +pAdau dAnAdikadhayA ... ' ... 23 yo mA rUpeNa SaTrAkSar ... upadezo hi murkhAyA 3 zUnyatA dRSTInA dharmatI buhA draSTavyA ... 179 sittvo narI mAnava jAta yujyate nAtyahaM na bhaviSyAmi . * ... 69 146 1 saMkrAnti janmamRtyazcA maalaalini : saalni ... 281 saMskRtA'saMskRta savaviviktA ... 252 23 .. 252 TIBETAN KARIKAS CITED IN THE COMMENTARY skye ba dan ni thchi hpho yan .. 261 dri bral gos la tshon bz'in du .. skye ma hdu byed rnams mi rtag .. 108 hdus byas hdus ma byas kun rnam par gan gis dnos po rnams duos po med ces dben ses gyur. . .. 280 blun la ne bar bstan pa ni gan dag na la gzugs su mthon .. 179 ran nid byun bar gyur de la .. gan z'ig rkyen las kyes pa de ma skyes 283 sans rgyas rnams ni chos nid Ita . gal techos rnams ran bz'in yod hgyur na 243 sems can mi dan sed skyes kyan runste ston hid lta ba thams cad ni .. 271 44 179 244 VI VERSES CITED IN NOTES anicca vata samkhara 109 nivartakam hi purusam avidyamane svabhave .. 239 parivratkamukasunam astitimatrena yadi bhavo 283 bandhya bandhananirmukta iti balasya santrasah 146 bhavo na jayate bhavad eko bhavah sarvatha yena dretah 19 satkena yugapad yogat jaha na vi sakkamanajjo .. 24 sannamamatrenaikena na svato jayate bhavah .. 239 samyogs canoranvantarena na svato napi parato ... 239 svato va parats vapi + Reconstructed from Tibetan. : :: :: :: :

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CATUHSATAKA VII PASSAGES CITED IN NOTES a praptarthany aksimanahsrotrani .. 187 tatra para msatta bhavo ... 201 asam pattavasenati attanam . 186 tasmad dhi tasya bhavane na guno'sti 144 idam idanim manag mimamsamahe .. 187 tin'imani bhikkhave' uppado .. 232 utpannasya punar utpattau 114 na ca avidyamanasya punar .. kim punah su bhute utpannadharma 114 pratibhasa bim bamayabhra gandharvanagarasva pnamaya . 198 mayamaricisvapnoda kacandra catvari mahabhutani prthividhatur . 178 rupamatma svamivat je egam janai se savvam janai .. 19 sarvam bho gautama ekatvam .. 268 jetthakatthena upakarako dhammo .. 185 .. 198 .. 17 VIII SUTRAS, SASTRAS, AND ACARYAS Ajitasutra .. 21 Mandukyakarika .. 52 Anavata ptahradapasankramanasutra .. 294 Mulamadhyamaka Karika 33, 39, 52, 57, 60, Abhidharmako sa .. 178, 179, 187 180, 212, 249, 250 Abhidharmako sa-bhasya 1, 91, 187 Mulamadhyamakakarikavrtti 14, 17, 19, Abhidharmako sa-vyakhya 1, 36, 91, 114, 24, 25, 27, 30, 32, 33, 52, 60, 89, 118, 187 101, 114, 119, 159, 163, 176, 179, Astasahastrika Prajnaparam ita 114, 294 185, 210, 211, 232, 237, 243, 244, Astangahfdaya .: 98 253, 260, 281, 294, 296 Anguttamikaya .. 232 Meghaduta ... 1, 13 Acarangasutra 19, 52 Yogavasistha ... 52 Udana .. 56 Yogiyajnavalkya .. 148: Udana varga . 169 Syadvadamanjari .. 19 Kasyapa-parivarta 150, 272 Lalitavistara .. 198 Kundakundacarya .. 24 Iankavatara 198, 268 Gunaratna 19, 60 Vajracchedika 179 Caraka .. 98 Vasu bandhu .. 48 Candrakirtti 41, 57 Vibhanga .. 178 Nyayakandall 187, 201 Vibhavini Tika .. 186 Nyayapravesa .. 201 Visuddhimagga .. 185 Nyayasutra 187 Vimsatikarika .. 48 Nyayopade sa Vedantasutra Pita putrasamagama .. 243 Sankara Paramartha sunyata Siksasamuccaya 114, 243 Pramanatattvalankara 187 Sunyatasaptati .. 201 Prasastapada bhasya Saddarsanasam uccaya .. 19, 60 Pancatantra 23 Samyuttanikaya 61, 109 Panini .. 137 Samayaprabhfta (Samayapahuda) .. 24 Buddha palita 30(add) Sammohavinodini .. 61 Bodhicaryavatara panjika 146, 179, 243, Sarvasiddhantasangraha .. .. 213 272, 294 Suttanipata .. 61 Bhagavata-purana . 52 Subhasitasangraha 22add, 272, 294, 296 Mahayanasutralankara .. . 14 Haribhadra Mahavyutpatti . 97, 98, 243 Hastikaksyasutra, Arya ... .. 243 Madhyamikavatara, 7, 41, 98, 114, 211 .. .. 48 48 243 Si 201

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viva bhAratI prA li niketana