Prakrit Vidya 2000 04

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521362/1

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ISSN No. 0971-796 X prAkRta kiyA varSa 12, aMka 1, apraila-jUna '2000 I0 prAcIna bhArata 22 apraila 2000 ko dillI ke pareDa grAuMDa meM rASTrIya svayaMsevaka saMgha ke sara saMghacAlaka zrI ku0 sI0 sudarzana kI upasthiti meM ena0sI0I0Ara0TI0 dvArA prakAzita 'prAcIna bhArata' meM se jaina-paramparA ke viruddha prakAzita bAtoM kA sapramANa paricaya dete hue paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja

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AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM bhArata sarakAra ke upakrama 'rASTrIya zaikSaNika anusaMdhAna evaM prazikSaNa pariSad' (N.C.E.R.T) dvArA gyArahavIM kakSA ke chAtroM ke liye nirmita itihAsa-viSayaka pustaka 'prAcIna bhArata' ke lekhaka pro0 rAmazaraNa zarmA ne jainadharma aura saMskRti ke sambandha meM jo pATha likhA hai, usameM anekoM visaMgatiyA~, pUrvAgrahI prastutikaraNa evaM tathyaviruddha prarUpaNa prApta hote haiN| jaiseki bhagavAn mahAvIra ko jainadharma kA pravartaka kahanA, unakA janma gaMgA ke maidAnI bhAga meM huA batAnA, dIkSA ke uparAnta unakI dvAdazavarSIya tapasyA ko 'bAraha varSa taka yahA~-vahA~ bhaTakate rahanA' tathA bauddha dharma ke sAtha jor3akara kaI asaMgata bAtoM ko kahanA Adi nitAMta Apattijanaka, sAMpradAyikatA vidveSa kI bhAvanA se prerita tathA saMkIrNa mAnasikatA ke dyotaka bindu haiN| isake viSaya meM vidvadvarya zrI rAjamala jI jaina, naI dillI kA sapramANa gaveSaNApUrNa Alekha prAkRtavidyA ke aMka meM sarvaprathama prakAzita kiyA gayA thA, jisameM pro0 rAmazaraNa zarmA dvArA prastuta anekoM tathyaviruddha prarUpaNoM kA AdhArasahita nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA thaa| isa Alekha ko par3hakara dezabhara ke dharmazraddhAluoM evaM buddhijIviyoM meM khalabalI maca gaI, tathA cAroM ora se isa bAre meM virodha ke svara mukharita hone lge| alavara-nivAsI zrI khillImala jaina eDavokeTa ne to lekhaka ko vidhivat kAnUnI noTisa dekara tathyoM kA spaSTIkaraNa maaNgaa| variSTha vidvAn paM0 nAthUlAla jI zAstrI, iMdauravAloM ne isa bAre meM lekha likhakara samAja ko prerita kiyA ki aisI pustakoM kA ucita tarIke se virodha kiyA jaaye| isI krama meM 22 apraila 2000I0 ko dillI ke pareDa grAUNDa maidAna meM Ayojita vizAla samAroha meM rASTrIya svayaMsevaka saMgha ke sarasaMghacAlaka mAnanIya zrI ku0sI0 sudarzana jI ko pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne isa pustaka ke saMskaraNa aura usake pAThoM meM Agata ukta binduoM kA paricaya diyA; taba zrI sudarzana jI ne isa bAta ko gaMbhIratA se liyA tathA kahA ki ve kendrIya mAnava-saMsAdhana-vikAsa maMtrI jI se isa viSaya meM apekSita sudhAra ke lie kheNge| kintu abhI taka isa bhAratIyatA kA nArA lagAnevAlI sarakAra ke dvArA bhAratIya saMskRti ke viruddha likhI gayI isa pustaka aura isake lekhaka ke prati koI kAryavAhI nahIM kI gaI hai| pratIta hotA hai ki yadi sarakAra ne tatkAla isa viSaya meM koI kaThora kadama nahIM uThAyA to pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke pAvana nirdezana meM sampUrNa jainasamAja isa pustaka kI Apattijanaka sAmagrI vAle pRSThoM ko sArvajanikarUpa se lAlakile ke maidAna meM agni-saMskAra karane ko vivaza hogii| hameM AzA hai ki sarakAra samaya rahate ceta jAyegI aura samAja ko aisA kadama uThAne ko vivaza nahIM honA par3egA, jisase bhArata kI sAmpradAyika sauhArda kI zAzvata udAtta bhAvanA ko koI Thesa phuNce| -sampAdaka

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prAkRta-vidyA pAgada-vijjA / / jayadu suda - devadA / / vIrasaMvat 2526 apraila - jUna 2000 I0 April-June '2000 Veersamvat 2526 SOMICS zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0 ) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa vArSika sadasyatA zulka eka aMka prAkRtavidyA+apraila-jUna '2000 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi saMvat 2013 ISSN No. 0971-796 X - PRAKRIT-VIDYA Pagad-Vijja mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. ( prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M. A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. varSa 12 aMka 1 Year 12 Issue 1 Hon. Chief Editor PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) pandraha rupaye (bhArata) Publisher SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust 6.0 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 1.5 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 01

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sampAdaka-maNDala DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jaina DaoN0 udayacandra jaina prabandha sampAdaka DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011) 6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11)6564510 Fax (91-11) 6856286 "saMkhyAprakRteriti vaktavyam, iha mA bhUt / mahAvArtika: kAlApakaH / " . -(pAtaMjala mahAbhASya, 4/2/65) isa vAkya meM maharSi pataMjali ne jaina AcArya zarvavarma ke kAtaMtravyAkaraNa' kA ullekha kiyA hai| ise hI kalApa' yA 'kAlApaka' bhI kahA jAtA thaa| paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ne 'kAtaMtravyAkaraNa' ke racayitA kA kAla 1500 vikramapUrva svIkAra kiyA ___isIprakAra IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI meM samrAT khAravela ne lupta hote jaina AgamoM kI rakSA ke lie jainazramaNoM kI vizAla saMgIti bulavAI thI, jisake phalasvarUpa avaziSTa dvAdazAMgajJAna ko cAra anuyogoM meM surakSita kiyA gayA thaa| isakA aitihAsika hAthIgumphA zilAlekha kI paMkti 16 meM spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| paM0 hIrAlAla jI siddhAntAcArya ne sapramANa siddha kiyA hai ki kasAyapAhuDasutta' ke racayitA AcArya guNadhara kA kAla vikramapUrva prathama zatAbdI hai| lagabhaga yahI kAla AcArya dharasena, puSpadanta-bhUtabali evaM AcArya kundakunda kA bhI vidvAnoM ne mAnA hai| ina saba tathyoM se vikramapUrva kAla se hI jainazramaNoM dvArA graMtharacanA ke spaSTa pramANa milate haiN| inake AdhAra para spaSTa rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki vikramapUrva dvitIya zatAbdI se dhArApravAha rUpa se jaina-zramaNoM ne graMtha-sRjana prAraMbha kara diyA thaa| ** 00 2 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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kra. zIrSaka 01. maMgalAcaraNa 02. sampAdakIya : na dharmo dhArmikairvinA 03. prAkRta kA saMskRta se sAmaMjasya 04. prAkRtavidyA - prazastiH (saMskRta kavitA ) 05. ikkIsavIM sadI : kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA svarNayuga 06. AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI bhA 07. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke siddhAMtoM kI prAsaMgikatA 08. 'NamokAra maMtra' kI jApa saMkhyA aura paMca - taMtrI vINA 09. yazasvI - suta ke pAvana saMsmaraNa 10. 2600vIM vIra jayaMtI ( hindI kavitA ) 11. zaurasenI prAkRta 12. samrAT azoka kI jainadRSTi 13. jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kI mImAMsA bhASA kA svarUpa evaM vizleSaNa 14. 15. mahAkavi svayaMbhUkRta 'paumacariu' ke 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM vidyAdharoM kA deza bhArata 16. eka krAMti kA janaka: luI brela 17. jaina - vAGmaya meM droNagiri anukrama 18. 'prAkRtavidyA' ke varSa 10 evaM 11 ke aMkoM meM prakAzita lekhoM kA vivaraNa '19. jaina - saMskRti meM AhAra - zuddhi 20. 'RSi' aura 'muni' meM aMtara 21. AcArya yativRSabha ke anusAra antarikSa - vijJAna . evaM grahoM para jIvoM kI dhAraNA 22. adhyAtmasAdhaka bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa evaM unakA 'brahma vilAsa' 23. pustaka-samIkSA 24. abhimata 25. samAcAra - darzana 26. isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM prAkRtavidyA+apraila-jUna '2000 lekhaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DaoN0 jAnakI prasAda dvivedI paM0 vAsudeva dvivedI zAstrI pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI jayacandra zarmA pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha DaoN0 udayacaMdra jaina DaoN0 dayAcandra sAhityAcArya DaoN0 (zrImatI) mAyA jaina zrImatI snehalatA jaina DaoNo lAlacanda jaina So zrImatI raMjanA jaina zAradA pAThaka dharmendra jaina (DaoN) zrImatI puSpalatA jaina pRSTha saM0 4 6 9 16 18 25 31 3 4 4 4 of 55 36 40 45 .46 48 51 60 65 67 74 80 84 86 89 96 101 104 110 3

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maMgalAcaraNa sAsmarImi toSTavImi naMnamImi bhAratIm / taMtanImi pApaThImi baMbhaNImi kevalAm / / devarAja-nAgarAja-martyarAja-saMstutAm / zrIsamantabhadravAda-bhAsurAtma-gocarAm / / 1 / / artha:- Atmagocara/Azraya-kevalajJAna prakAzita karAnevAlI, devarAja (saudharmaindrAdi), nAgarAja (dharaNendrAdi), martyarAja (cakravartI) dvArA saMstuta 'zrI samantabhadravAda' nAmaka bhAratI (jinavANI) ko bAra-bAra smaraNa karatA hU~, bAra-bAra stuti karatA hU~, bAra-bAra namana karatA hU~, vistAra karatA hU~, bAra-bAra par3hatA hU~, bAra-bAra kahatA huuN| mAtR-mAna-meya-siddhi-vastugocarAMstuve / saptabhaMga-saptanIti-gamyatattva-gocarAm / / mokSamArga-tadvipakSa-bhUridharma-gocarAm / Aptatattva-gocarAM samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 2 / / artha:- pramAtA, pramANa prameyasiddhi vastu ke gocara/Azraya, saptabhaMga (syAd asti, . syAd nAsti Adi), saptanIti (syAd asti Adi kA vyavahAra), va gamya-tattva ke gocara/Azraya mokSamArga (samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra) tathA mokSamArga se vipakSI dharmoM ke gocara usa samantabhadra bhAratI kI stuti karatA huuN| sUri-sUkti-vaMditAmupeya-tattva-bhASiNIm / cArukIrti-bhAsurAmupAya-tattva-sAdhinIm / / pUrva-pakSa-khaNDana-pracaNDa-gvilAsinIm / saMstuve jagaddhitAM samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 3 / / __ artha:- upeya (mokSa) tattva kahanevAlI, upAya (samyak ratnatraya) tattva sAdhanevAlI, sampanna karAnevAlI, sundara kIrti ko prakAzita karanevAlI, pracaNDa/tIvravANI se pUrvapakSa/pUrva AkSepa kA khaMDana kara zobhita hone vAlI jagat kA hita karanevAlI AcAryoM kI sUktiyoM dvArA vaMdita usa samantabhadra bhAratI kI stuti karatA huuN| pAtrakesari-prabhAva-siddhi-kAriNI stuve / bhASyakAra-poSitAmalaMkRtAM munIzvaraiH / / 004 prAkRtavidyA- apraila-jUna '2000

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gRddhapiccha-bhASitaprakRSTa-maMgalArthikAm / siddhi-saukhya-sAdhinIM samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 4 / / artha:- gRddhapiccha AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA prakRSTa maMgalArtha ko kahanevAlI bhASyakAra (samantabhadra) munIzvara dvArA paripoSita evaM alaMkRta, AcArya pAtrakesarI ke prabhAva ko siddhi karanevAlI, siddhi-saukhya ke sAdhana-svarUpa usa samantabhadra-bhAratI kI stuti karatA huuN| indrabhUti-bhASita-prameyajAla-gocarAm / varddhamAnadevabodha-buddha-cidvilAsinIm / / yauga-saugatAdi-garva-parvatAzaniM stuve / kSIravArdhi-sannibhAM samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 5 / / artha:- bhagavAn varddhamAna ke pratyakSa/kevalajJAna ko batAnevAlI, indrabhUti dvArA kahe prameyajAla ke gocara va yoga, saugatAdi ke garvarUpI parvatoM ko cUra karane meM vraja ke samAna, mana ko Anandita karanevAlI, kSIrasamudra ke samAna samantabhadra-bhAratI kI stuti karatA huuN| mAnanIti vaakysiddhi-vstu-dhrm-gocraam| mAnita-prabhAva-siddha-zuddha-siddhi-sAdhinIm / / ghora-bhUri-duHkha-vArdhi-pAraNa-kSamAmimAm / cAru-cetasA stuve samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 6 / / artha:- pramANa va nIti-vAkyoM se siddha vastudharma ke gocara/Azraya va pramANita prabhAva se siddha, zuddha (nirvikAra) siddhi ko sAdhanevAlI, bahu ghora duHkha se pAra karAne kI sAmarthya se yukta isa samantabhadra-bhAratI kI sundara mana se stuti karatA huuN| sAMta-sAdhanAdyananta-madhyayukta-madhyamAm / zUnyabhAva-sarvavedi-tattvavedi-sAdhinIm / / hetu-hetuvAda-siddha-meya-jAla-bhAsurAm / mokSasiddhaye stuve samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 7 / / artha:- sAdi-sAnta, anAdi-ananta evaM madhyayukta, madhyavartI ko zUnyabhAva sarvavidita tattvavedi ko sAdhanevAlI, hetu evaM hetuvAdasiddhi, prameyajAla prakAzita karanevAlI samantabhadra-bhAratI kI mokSasiddhi ke lie stuti karatA huuN| vyApakAdvayApta-mArgatattva-yugma-gocarAm / pApahAri-vAgvilAsa-bhUSaNAM zukAMstuve / / zrIkariM ca dhIkariM ca sarvasaukhya-dAyinIm / nAgarAja-pUjitAM samantabhadra-bhAratIm / / 8 / / artha:- dvaya (ihaloka, paraloka) meM vistAra ko prApta mArga-tattva ke yugma ke gocara, pApa harane vAlI, vAgvilAsa ko zuka (totA) kI AvAja ke samAna bhUSaNa karanevAlI, ubhaya lakSmI evaM buddhi ko bar3hAne vAlI nAgarAja se pUjita usa samantabhadra-bhAratI kI stuti karatA huuN| ** prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 405

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[sampAdakIya na dharmo dhArmikairvinA -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kucha nakArAtmaka ciMtanavAle vyakti bhale hI dhArmika evaM sAmAjika AyojanoM kI upAdeyatA para praznacihna aMkita karate raheM; kintu yaha suvidita evaM anubhavasiddha tathya hai ki inakI vyApaka upAdeyatA sadA se akSuNNa rahI hai evaM rhegii| vastuta: jaise koI parva yA pArivArika utsava-prasaMga Ane para saba logoM ko milane-julane, pArasparika saMvAdoM ke AdAna-pradAna evaM sneha-sauhArda sudRr3ha karane kA avasara milatA hai; isIlie aise prasaMga sollAsa AyojanapUrvaka manAye jAte haiN| isIprakAra dhArmika va sAmAjika parva bhI dharmAnarAgI samAja ke milane, unake pArasparika sauhArda ko sudRr3ha karane tathA manomAlinya dUra karake naye sire se dharmaprabhAvanA ke racanAtmaka kAryoM meM juTane kA avasara pradAna karate haiN| inake pariNAmasvarUpa Atmika saMskAroM kA prasAra hotA hai tathA vyakti Adarza nAgarika banakara apanA hita to karatA hI hai, sAtha hI samAja evaM rASTra kI bhI unnati kA mAdhyama banatA hai| ye avasara AbAlavRddha ko eka nayI vaicArika UrjA pradAna karate haiM, saMskAroM kA bodha evaM preraNA dete haiM aura saMgaThana kA mahAmaMtra bhI sikhAte haiN| yadi koI vyakti kisI bhI pramAda Adi kAraNa se acchAI se dUra hokara unmArgI ho rahA ho, to aise prasaMga use puna: samAja kI mUladhArA meM jur3ane va satsaMskAroM ko apanAne kA avasara pradAna karate haiN| vastuta: jainadarzana meM sthitikaraNa' evaM 'prabhAvanA' nAmaka jo do mahattvapUrNa aMga 'samyagdarzana' ke mAne gaye haiM, unakI vyAvahArika niSpatti ke lie sAmAjika va dhArmika AyojanoM kA atyadhika mahattva hai| sAdharmIjanoM ko dharmamArga meM sthira karanA eka mahanIya kArya hai| paramapUjya AcArya samantabhadra svAmI likhate haiM "darzanAccaraNAdvApi calatAM dhrmvtslaiH| pratyavasthApanaM prAjJaiH sthitikrnnmucyte||" -(ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 1/16) arthAt jo sAdharmI zrAvakajana kisI bhI kAraNavaza apane yathArtha zraddhAna tathA AcaraNa 006 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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se vicalita hote hoM, to dharma se prema rakhanevAle dharmAtmA baMdhuoM ko cAhie ki unheM puna: apane sacce dharma meM zraddhAyukta kareM tathA dharmAcaraNa meM sthira (dRr3ha) kara deN| yaha sthitikaraNa' aMga samyagdarzana kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| isI tathya ko spaSTa karate hue kavivara paM0 daulatarAma jI likhate haiM "dharmI-sauM go-vaccha-prIti sama kara jinadharma dipaavai| __ina gunateM viparIta doSa vasa tinako satata khipaavai||" artha :- dharmAtmAjanoM kA yaha kartavya hai ki ve pratyeka sAdharmI vyakti ke sAtha gAya aura bachar3e ke samAna ni:svArtha sahaja prIti rakheM aura jinadharma kI prabhAvanA kreN| tathA ina ni:zaMkitAdi --prabhAvanA-paryanta ATha aMgoM se viparIta jo zaMkA-kAMkSA Adi ATha doSa kahe gaye haiM, unheM nirantara dUra karate rahanA caahie| jaise koI kisAna anna ke utpAdana ke lie khetI karatA hai| jaba usameM sAtha-sAtha yadi 'khara-patavAra' bhI utpanna hote haiM, to samajhadAra kisAna nirantara nirAI-gur3AI Adi ke dvArA una khara-patavAroM kA nivAraNa karatA rahatA hai| aura khAda-pAnI se anAja ke paudhoM ko khurAka bhI detA rahatA hai| isa prakriyA se anAja ke paudhoM ko pUrNa poSaNa milatA hai, tathA adhika mAtrA meM svastha anAja kA utpAdana hotA hai| usIprakAra cittazuddhi kI prakriyA meM acchAI ko apanAne evaM doSoM ke nivAraNa kA kAma sAtha-sAtha calatA rahatA hai| sadguNoM kI preraNA jahA~ citta ko saMskArita karatI hai, vahIM usameM basI durbhAvanAoM kI durgandha ko bhI dUra karatI hai| yaha bAta zAsananAyaka tIrthaMkara varddhamAna mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmotsava ke punIta sandarbha meM prastuta kara rahA huuN| yaha mahotsava sampUrNa jainasamAja ko jor3ane ke lie eka aura mahotsava hai| sAdharmIvAtsalya kI bhAvanA dRr3ha karane ke lie evaM vItarAga kI dharmaprabhAvanA kA kArya vyApaka stara para karane ke lie yaha eka suavasara AyA hai| ___ yaha avasara mAtra AyojanapriyatA ke lie hI nahIM hai| isa prasaMga para hameM ahiMsaka jIvanapaddhati evaM svAdhyAya kA bhI saMkalpa lenA hai| kyoMki ahiMsA ko apanAye binA AtmAnuzAsana saMbhava nahIM hotA hai tathA AtmAnuzAsana ke binA jIvana 'binA breka kI gAr3I' ke samAna apane aura dUsare - donoM ke lie ahitakArI hI hotA hai| na kevala jaina-paramparA meM, apitu vaidika paramparA meM bhI isa tathya ko mukhara svIkRti pradAna kI gayI hai- "ahiMsayaiva bhUtAnAM kAryaM zreyo'nuzAsanam / vAk caiva madhurA-sulakSaNA prayojyA dharmamicchatA / / " - (manusmRti, 2/159) arthAt dharma kI icchA karanevAle guru kA kartavya hai ki vaha ziSyoM ko ahiMsA ke dvArA hI prANimAtra kA kalyANa karane kI zikSA de| aura sAtha hI yaha bhI sikhAye ki ve madhura evaM komala vANI kA prayoga kareM, tAki dharma kI icchA karanevAle sabhI loga usakI prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 .. 7

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bAta prItipUrvaka suna skeN| isI dRSTi se Agama-granthoM meM tIna prakAra kI vANI ke prayoga kI preraNA dI hai 1. prabhusammita, 2. suhRdsammita, 3. kaantaasmmit| 'prabhu' arthAt svAmIjanoM ko jo priya hoM, aise Adarayukta maryAdita vacanoM kA prayoga 'prabhusammita' kahalAtA hai| vinamratA ke saMskAra ina vacanoM se milate haiN| tathA 'suhRdsammita' vacana maitrIpUrNa hote haiM, inase pArasparika mAdhurya, sauhArda evaM apanatva kI bhAvanA bar3hatI hai; ye 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI bhAvanA kA prasAra karate haiN| jabaki kAntAsammita' vacana striyoM ke manonukUla madhura komalakAnta padAvali se yukta evaM AtmIyatApUrNa hote haiN| ina tInoM prakAra ke vacanoM kI vizeSatAoM ko apanI vANI meM samAhita karake yadi sAdharmIjana Apasa meM mileMge va vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna kareMge; to pArasparika sauhArda va ekatA kI bhAvanA ko nizcaya hI bala milegA tathA saMgaThitarUpa se hamArI dharmaprabhAvanA kI zakti kaI gunI ho jaayegii| phira bhI yadi koI kamI raha jAye, to usakI pUrti hama svAdhyAya' ke mahAmaMtra se kara sakate haiN| kisI manISI ne kahA hai ki 'acchAI sikhAne vAlI pustakoM se bar3hakara manuSya kA saccA mitra anya koI nahIM hai|' svAdhyAya ke lie hamAre AcAryoM aura manISiyoM ne itanA vipula parimANa meM graMthoM kI racanA kI hai; kiMtu Aja hama mAtra unheM Dhoka dekara (vaMdana karake) hI apane karttavya kI itizrI mAnane lage haiN| kisI jaina urdU zAyara ne ThIka hI kahA hai "baste ba~dhe par3e haiM, alamophanUna ke| cAvala car3hAyeM unako basa itane kAma ke||" artha :- ucca jJAna ke graMtha veSTanoM meM baMdhe par3e hue haiM tathA hama unako mAtra cAvala car3hAkara praNAma karake hI apane kartavya kI itizrI mAna lete haiN| ye graMtha par3hane-sIkhane evaM jIvana meM utArane ke lie AcAryoM va manISiyoM ne likhe the| ata: hameM inheM par3hanA cAhie; jo kaThina haiM, unakA sarala pracalita bhASA meM anuvAda va saMpAdana karAke prakAzita kraayeN| Adhunika sUcanA-praudyogikI kA bhI isa dizA meM avazya prayoga karanA caahie| vidvAnoM ko isa kArya meM bharapUra protsAhana dekara prerita kreN| vItarAga dharma kI antarbAhya prabhAvanA ke lie yaha amogha upAya hogaa| yaha 'ahiMsaka yuddha' kA avasara hai, jisameM hameM jI-jAna se yuddhastara para laganA to hai; kiMtu kisI ko coTa pahu~cAne ke lie nahIM, apitu sva-para-kalyANa kI bhAvanA se, pUrNata: samarpita honA hai| Aiye ! hama ise sahI rUpa meM caritArtha kreN| ** jIvana bhara svAdhyAya kareM 'aharniza paThanapAThanAdinA jinamudrA bhvti| -(bodhapAhuDa, gAthA 19 TIkA) artha:-dina-rAta par3hane aura par3hAne se 'jinamudrA' kI prApti hotI hai| ** 008 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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prAkRta kA saMskRta se sAmaMjasya -DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI, jise 'saMskRtabhASA' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, use hI prArambha meM devavANI' kahA jAtA thaa| isa nitya vANI kA vyavahAra sarvaprathama svayambhU brahmA ne kiyA thA, jisakA rUpa vedoM meM dekhane ko milatA hai| kRSNadvaipAyana vyAsa ne 'mahAbhArata' meM kahA hai "anAdinidhanA nityA vAgutsRSTA svymbhuvaa| Adau vedamayI divyA yata: sarvA: pravRttayaH / / " -(mahAbhArata - zAnti0 224/55) bhagavatpAda zaGkarAcArya ne 'brahmasUtrabhASya' (1/3/28) meM anAdinidhanarUpA isa vANI ko 'sampradAya-pravartanarUpA' kahA hai| maharSi vAlmIki ne isa devavANI ke do rUpoM kA ullekha kiyA hai- 1. dvijAti saMskRta tathA 2. mAnuSI sNskRt| jaba hanumAn rAvaNa kI azokavanikA meM ziMzapA vRkSa para chipakara baiThe the, usa samaya vahA~ rAvaNa ne Akara kaTuvacana-bhayadarzana Adi ke dvArA sItA ko trAsa phuNcaayaa| usake cale jAne para hanumAn vicAra karane lage ki "yadi maiM brAhmaNoM kI taraha AbhijAtya saMskRta kA prayoga karU~gA, to sItA mujhe vAnara ke veSa meM upasthita rAvaNa samajhakara bhayabhIta ho jaayeNgii|" isalie unhoMne mAnuSI saMskRta meM sItA ke sAtha vArtA karane kA nizcaya kiyA "vAcaM codAhariSyAmi mAnuSImiha saMskRtAm, yadi vAcaM pradAsyAmi dvijAtiriva saMskRtAm / rAvaNaM manyamAnAM mAM sItA bhItA bhaviSyati / / " -(vA0rA0, sundara0 30/17-18) . isa devavANI kA prayogakSetra kevala devaloka yA kevala bhUloka hI nahIM rahA, kintu mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke anusAra sAta dvIpoM vAlI pRthvI, tIna loka, cAra veda, chaha aMga (zikSA-kalpa-vyAkaraNa-jyotiSa-chandas-nirukta), rahasya (upaniSad-manvAdismRtiyA~), yajurveda kI eka sau eka zAkhAyeM, sAmaveda kI 1000 zAkhAyeM, Rgveda kI 21 zAkhAyeM atharvaveda kI 9 zAkhAyeM, vAkovAkya (kathopakathana praznottarazAstra), itihAsa, purANa tathA vaidyakazAstra meM isa saMskRta bhASA kA prayoga hotA hai prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 009

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'saptadvIpA vasumatI trayo lokAzcatvAro vedA:, sAMgA:, sarahasyAH, ekazatamadhvaryuzAkhA:, sahasravartmA sAmaveda:, ekaviMzatidhA bAhvRcyam, navadhA AtharvaNo veda:, vAkovAkyam, itihAsa, purANam, vaidyakam ityetAvAn zabdasya prayogaviSayaH' - ( mahAbhASya-paspazAhnika, pR0 64-65 ) padamaJjarIkAra haradatta Adi AcAryoM ne rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi mahAkAvyoM ko bhI sammilita kiyA hai, jisake AdhAra para devavANI saMskRtabhASA ko lokabhASA yA vizvabhASA kahane meM kisI bhI prakAra kI bAdhA nahIM ho sakatI hai / 'vAlmIki rAmAyaNa' ke ukta varNana se devavANI ke do rUpa to dekhe hI gae haiM, isake atirikta paravartIkAla meM manuSyoM ke dvArA isakA prayoga kie jAne para jJAna tathA uccAraNa meM zithilatA ke kAraNa usa devavANI meM paryApta vikAra utpanna hue / vAkyapadIyakAra bhartRhari ke ullekha se isa tathya kA samarthana hotA hai-- " daivI vAg vyavakIrNeyamazaktairabhidhAtRbhiH / anityadarzinAM tvasmin vAde buddhiviparyayaH / / " - ( vA0pa0, 1 / 155 ) vikAragrasta usa bhASA ko prAkRta nAma diyA gayA aura usase bhedAvabodha ke uddezya se devavANI ko 'saMskRta' nAma se abhihita kiyA gyaa| kAvyAdarza meM daNDI ne isa tathya kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA hai "saMskRtaM nAma daivI vAganvAkhyAtA maharSibhiH / tadbhavastatsamo dezItyanekaH prAkRtakramaH / / " - (kAvyAdarza 1 / 33 ) isaprakAra saMskRtabhASA se samudbhUta hone ke kAraNa prAkRtabhASA meM kucha tathA vyAkaraNa-viSayaka niyama Adi samAnarUpa meM dekhe jAte haiM / kucha zabdoM ke bhinna hone para bhI arthAnugama meM sAdRzya sannihita hai| saMskRta ke kucha prAtipadika prAkRta meM padarUpa meM prayukta hue haiM / prAkRta meM visarga kI mAnyatA nahIM hai, kyoMki usake sthAna meM 'e' athavA 'o' ho jAtA hai| koI bhI zabda makArAnta nahIM likhA jAtA, usake sthAna meM anusvAra ho jAtA hai| ata: isa antara ke atirikta etAdRza zabdoM meM anya aMza samAna hI dekhe jAte haiN| isa samAnatA ke bodhaka kucha udAharaNa yahA~ prastuta haiM-- 1. varNa - samAmnAya saMskRta ke sabhI vyAkaraNoM meM varNa- samAmnAya kA pATha to avazya hotA hai, parantu varNoM kI saMkhyA tathA krama meM kahIM antara bhI dekhA jAtA hai / jaise 'pANinIya varNa- samAmnAya' meM 42 hI varNa par3he gae haiM, parantu kAtantra meM saMskaraNabheda se 50, 52 athavA 53 bhI varNa dekhe jAte haiN| prAtizAkhyoM meM 63, 64 evaM 65 bhI varNoM kI mAnyatA hai / 'vAjasaneyI prAtizAkhya' bhASya meM AcArya uvvaTa ne 23 svara tathA 42 vyaJjanoM kA ullekha karake 65 varNoM kI mAnyatA ko svIkAra kiyA hai OO 10 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000

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"trayoviMzatirucyante svarA: shbdaarthcintkaiH| dvicatvAriMzad vyaJjanAnyetAvAn varNasaMgrahaH / / " -(8/29-34) 'pANinIya zikSA' (zloka 3) meM 63 athavA 64 tathA vaziSTha-zikSA meM 68 varNoM kA ullekha huA hai| pANinIya zikSA' ke anusAra svayambhU brahmA dvArA prokta tathA zambhumata meM bhI mAnya jina 63-64 varNoM kI carcA kI gaI hai, ve kevala saMskRta bhASA meM hI svIkArya nahIM hai, apitu prAkRtabhASA meM bhI mUlata: mAnya haiM AMzika antara se "triSaSTizcatuSSaSTi; varNAH zambhumate matA: / prAkRte saMskRte cApi svayaM proktA: svayambhuvA / / "- (pA0zi0, zloka 3) prAkRtabhASA ke varNoM kI mAnyatA isaprakAra hai 27 svaravarNa = a, A, a3, i, I, i3, u, U u3, R, R, R3, lu, lu, lu3, eN, e, e3, oM, o, o3, aiM, ai, ai3, auM, au, au3 / ___33 vyaMjana varNa = k, kha, ga, gha, G / c, ch, ja, jha, J / Ta, Tha, D, da, N / t, th, d, dh, n| p, ph, b, bha, m| ya, ra, la, v / z, e, s, h| 4 ayogavAha = aM, a:,xk,p| yaha jJAtavya hai ki saMskRta vyAkaraNoM meM 'la' ko dIrgha na mAnane se vargoM kI saMkhyA 63 hI raha jAtI hai, parantu prAkRta meM usake dIrgha hone se 64 saMkhyA akSuNNarUpa meM banI rahatI hai| gommaTasAra-jIvakANDa, gAthA 352 kI tattva-pradIpikA TIkA ke anusAra 'lu' kI dIrghatA ko dezAntara bhASAoM meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai- 'luvarNa: saMskRte dIrghA nAsti, tathApyanukaraNe dezAntarabhASAyAM cAsti / ' 2. upasarga ___sAmAnyata: upasarga 22 mAne jAte haiM-- pra, parA, apa, sam, anu, ava, nis, nir, dus, dur, vi, AG, ni, adhi, ati, su, uta, ati, abhi, prati, pari, up| ____inameM 'nis-nir' ke lie kevala 'nir' tathA 'dus-dur' ke lie kevala 'dura' ko bhI mAna lene para abhISTa sabhI kArya sampanna ho jAte haiM, ata: AcAryoM ne 20 hI upasarga mAnane ke pakSa meM apanA abhimata vyakta kiyA hai "pra-parApa-samanvava-nirdarabhi-vyadhisUdati-ni-prati-paryapayaH / . upa-ADiti viMzatireSa sakhe ! upasargavidhi: kathita: kvinaa||" . -(kAtantra-vivaraNa paJjikA, 21414) inameM nis' tathA 'dus' kA parigaNana nahIM kiyA gayA hai| prAkRtabhASA meM bhI ye hI bIsa 'upasarga' mAnya haiN| AcArya zAkaTAyana dhAtu ke sAtha yoga hone ke kAraNa 'accha, zrat, anta:' ko bhI upasarga mAnate the prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 10 11

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"acchazradantarityetAnAcArya: zAkaTAyana: / upasargAn kriyAyogAn mene te tu trayo'dhikA: / / " - (bRhadevatA, 2/94-95) 3. kAraka saMskRta ke sabhI zAbdikAcAryoM ne chaha 'kAraka mAne haiM-- kartA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna tathA adhikrnn| 'sambandha' tathA 'sambodhana' ko kAraka nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| ina chaha mAnya kArakoM ke 23-24 bhedoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai, tadanusAra apAdAna 3 prakAra kA, sampradAna 3, adhikaraNa 6, karaNa 2, karma 7 tathA kartA 3 prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| ise sodAharaNa isa rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai-- vividha apAdAna - (dra0, vA0pa0 3/7/136) 1. nirdiSTa-viSaya - grAmAd Agacchati / 2. upAtta-viSaya - balAhakAd vidyotate vidyut / 3. apekSita-kriya - pATaliputrAt (aagcchaami)| trividha sampradAna - (dra0, vA0pa0 3/7/129) 1. anirAkartR - sUryAyAya' dadAti / 2. preraka - viprAya gAM ddaati| 3. anumantR - upAdhyAyAya gAM ddaati| SoDhA adhikaraNa - (dra0, ma0bhA0 6/1/72; pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA anuzIlana, pR0 158). 1. aupazleSika - kaTe zete kumaarH| 2. sAmIpika - vaTe gAva: susherte| 3. abhivyApaka - tileSu vidyate tailam / 4. vaiSayika hRdi brahmAmRtaM prm| 5. naimittika - yuddhe saMnahyate dhiirH| 6. aupacArika - aGgulyagre kariNAM zatam / dvividha-karaNa - (dra0, kAtantra vyAkhyA 2/4/12) 1.bAhya dAtreNa dhAnyaM lunaati| 2. Abhyantara - manasA meruM gcchti| saptavidha karma - (dra0, vA0pa0 3/7/45-46) 1. nivartya kaTaM kroti| 2. vikArya odanaM pcti| 3. prApya AdityaM pshyti| 4. udAsIna grAmaM gacchan vRkssmuulaanyupsrpti| 00 12 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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5. anIpsita - ahiM lngghyti| 6. saMjJAntarAnAkhyAta - gAM dogdhi pyH| 7. anyapUrvaka graammdhishete| trividha kartA - (dra0, vA0pa0 3/7/125; vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pR0 265-67) 1.abhihitakartA - devadatta: pcti| 2. anabhihitakartA devadattena pcyte| 3. karmakartA pacyate odana: svymev| prAkRta meM saMskRta ke hI samAna chaha kArakoM kI mAnyatA hai aura jina kArakoM meM jina vibhaktiyoM ke vidhAna kA nirdeza saMskRta meM hai, prAya: prAkRta meM bhI tadanusAra vibhaktiyA~ kI jAtI haiN| prAkRta meM SaSThI vibhakti ke rUpa caturthI ke samAna hote haiN| jahA~ dvikarmaka dhAtuoM kA prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ saMskRta ke anusAra hI apAdAnAdi kArakoM kI avivakSA meM dvitIyA vibhakti kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| 4. strI-pratyaya ___pANinIya 'aSTAdhyAyI' meM ATha 'strI-pratyaya' kahe gae haiM-- TApa, cApa, DApa, DIpa, DIe, DIna, U, ti| AcArya zarvavarmA mukhyata: do hI pratyaya svIkAra karate haiM- A tathA ii| UG, ti kI carcA kAtantra ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne kI hai| prAkRta meM tIna hI pratyaya hote haiM- A, I tathA uu| saMskRta kI taraha prAkRta meM bhI akArAnta zabdoM se strIliMga banAne ke lie 'A' pratyaya kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-- bAla se bAlA, acala se acalA ityAdi / saMskRta ke rAjan, brahman, hastin Adi nakArAnta zabdoM se strIliMga rUpa banAne ke lie I pratyaya prAkRta meM kiyA jAtA hai| jaise-- rAjan se rAjJI-rANI, brahman se brAhmaNI-baMbhaNI tathA hastin se hstinii-htthinnii| akArAnta zabdoM se I-pratyaya --kumAra se kumArI, kAla se kAlI, hariNa se hariNI, haMsa se haMsI, sArasa se sArasI aadi|| saMskRta ke kucha zabdoM se strIliMgarUpa banAne ke lie GIS (I) pratyaya ke atirikta 'Anuk' (An) kA Agama bhI karanA par3atA hai| jaise-- indra se indrANI, rudra se rudrANI, bhava se bhavAnI ityaadi| prAkRta meM etadartha I-pratyaya se pUrva 'ANa' ko jor3a diyA jAtA hai| jaise- iMdANI, bhavANI, AyariyANI ityaadi| saMskRta ke anusAra dharmavidhipUrvaka vivAhita patnI ko 'pANigRhItI bhAryA' tathA anya vidhi se vivAhitA patnI ko pANigRhItA bhAryA' kahate haiM, tadanusAra prAkRta meM bhI do rUpa hote haiM-- pANigahIdI, paannighiidaa| 'candamuhI-candamuhA, goramuhI-goramuhA, vajjaNahA-vajjaNahI' Adi do-do rUpa vAle zabda prAkRta meM saMskRta ke niyamAnusAra hI siddha hote haiN| 5. bahula saMjJA/bAhulakavidhi saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM bahula' yA 'bAhulaka vidhi' ke cAra bheda banAe gae haiM- 1. kahIM prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 13

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para sUtranirdiSTa vidhi kI pravRtti, 2. kahIM para apravRtti, 3. kahIM para vikalpa se pravRtti tathA 4. kahIM para sUtranirdiSTa vidhi kI apekSA kisI anya kArya kI pravRtti "kvacit pravRtti: kvacidapravRtti: kvacid vibhASA kvacidanyadeva / vidhervidhAnaM bahudhA samIkSya caturvidhaM bAhulakaM vadanti / / " -(dra0, vyAkaraNa-darzanera itihAsa, pR0 240, Ti0, abhiyuktavacana) jaise-- 'snAnti aneneti sthAnIyaM cUrNam / dIyate asmai iti dAnIyo vipraH / ' yahA~ anIyar pratyaya "tayoreva kRtyaktakhalA:" (a0 3/4/70) ke nirdezAnusAra bhAva-karma artha meM honA cAhie, parantu usa artha meM pravRtti na hokara karaNa, sampradAna kAraka meM huI hai| 'bahula' ke ukta cAra arthoM meM vibhASA' yA 'vikalpa' artha adhika prasiddha hai| AcArya hemacandra ne ArSa prAkRta (adhika prAcIna yA Agamika prAkRta) ke viSaya meM kahA hai ki usameM prAkRta ke niyama vikalpa se pravRtta hote haiM-- "ArSaM prAkRtaM bahulaM bhavati, tadapi yathA-- sthAnaM darzayiSyAma: / ArSe hi sarve vidhayo viklpynte|)" -('ArSam' 8/1/3 kI vRtti) 6. halanta strIliMga zabdoM ke AkArAnta rUpoM meM samAnatA saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM AcArya bhAguri ke do vizeSa abhimata samAdRta haiM1. 'ava-api' upasargoM ke akAra kA lopa tathA 2. halanta strIliMga vAle zabdoM kA dIrgha AkArAnta honaa| jaise-- avagAhya-vagAhya, apidhAnam-pidhAnam / vAc-vAcA, diz-dizA, nish-nishaa| "vaSTi bhaagrirllopmvaapyorupsrgyoH| ApaM caiva halantAnAM yathA vAcA nizA dishaa||" prAkRta meM 'girA, dhurA, purA, accharasA (apsaras), disA, kSuhA (kSudh), saMpayA (saMpad), taDiA (taDit), sariA (sarit) Adi zabdarUpa ukta niyama kA hI anusaraNa karate haiM, bhale hI kahIM antima 'ra' ko 'rA', 's' ko 'sA' tathA 't' ko 'A' Adeza kA vidhAna kiyA gayA ho| 7. prakRtibhAva ___ saMskRta-vyAkaraNa ke anusAra 'pragRhyasaMjJaka' zabdoM meM tathA 'pluta' meM sandhi nahIM hotI hai| etadartha pANini kA sUtra hai- "plutapragRhyA aci nityam" (a0 6/1/125) / kAtantrakAra ne binA hI pragRhyasaMjJA' kie 'prakRtibhAva' kA vidhAna kiyA hai| 'varNasamAmnAya' meM plutavarNoM kA pATha na hone se 'anupadiSTa' pada ke dvArA unakA bodha karAyA gayA hai| prathama sUtra meM AcArya zarvavarmA ne okArAnta a-i-u-A nipAtoM kA ullekha kara unameM prakRtibhAva kA nirdeza kiyA hai- "odantA a i u A nipAtA: svare prakRtyA" - (kAta0vyA0 1/3/1) / prAkRtabhASA meM prakRtibhAvarUpI sandhi-niSedha saMskRta kI apekSA DD 14 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna 2DDD

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adhika pAyA jAtA hai| ata: saMskRta meM anekatra jahA~ svarasandhi kA vidhAna hai, prAkRta meM vahA~ para bhI prakRtibhAva pravRtta hotA hai| jaise- vane'Tati>vaNe aDai, eko'tra>eo ettha, bhavatIha>hoi iha' ityAdi; parantu okArAnta 'nipAta' meM 'prakRtibhAva' kA vidhAna samAna rUpa meM dekhA jAtA hai| jaise- aho Azcaryam>aho acchriaN| 8. tara-tamabhAva ___ saMskRta ke anusAra do meM se eka kA nirdhAraNa karane meM 'Datarac-tarap' pratyaya tathA bahutoM meM se eka kA nirdhAraNa karane meM 'Datamac-tamap' pratyaya hote haiN| jaise-- 'anayo: kataro vaiSNava:, katamo bhavatAM kaThaH / ayameSAmatizayenADhya: ADhyatamaH, ayamanayoratizayena laghurlaghutaraH, udIcyA:, prAcyebhya: paTutarA:' ityaadi| etadartha pANini ke sUtra haiM"kiMyattado nirdhAraNe dvayorekasya Datarac, vA bahUnAM jAtipariprazne Datamac, atizAyane tama biSThanau, dvirvacanavibhajyopapade tarabIyasunau" (a0 5/3/92, 83, 55, 4/11) / prAkRta meM ukta ke samAna hI eka se tathA sabase zreSThatA ko batAne ke lie kramaza: tara ara, tama am, Iyasun-Iasa aura iSThan = iTTa kA prayoga hotA hai| jaise- tIkSNatara tikkhaara, tIkSNatama tikkham| adhikatara ahiaara, adhikatama=ahiaama aadi| 9. 'bhis' Adi pratyayoM ke laukika vaidika zabda _ akArAnta zabdoM se 'bhis' ko 'es' Adeza veda meM vikalpa se hotA hai-- devai:, devebhiH / veda meM 'Da' ko 'ka' Adeza bhI dekhA jAtA hai-- "agnimILe purohitam / " hasva akArAnta zabdoM se TA ko ina Adeza hasva ikArAnta zabdoM se 'TA' ko 'nA' Adeza evaM samAsa ke lie 'sa' saMjJA kA bhI prayoga saMskRta meM dekhA jAtA hai| prAkRta meM bhI ina sabhI vidhiyoM kA anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa saMkSipta lekha meM prAkRta ke kucha hI tattvoM kA saMskRta ke sAtha sAmaJjasya prastuta kiyA jA sakA hai| inakA vistAra paravartI lekha meM yathAvasara kiyA jaaegaa| jinopadiSTa zAstroM kI mAdhyama bhASAyeM ___ "pAiya bhAsA-raiyA, mrhtttthy-desi-vnnnny-nnibddhaa| suddhA sayalakahacciya, tAvasa-jiNa-sattha-vAhillA / / " - (udyotanasUri, kuvalayamAlAkahA', anuccheda 7. padya 11, pRSTha 6) artha:--prAkRtabhASA arthAt zaurasenI prAkRta meM racita, mahArASTrIprAkRta evaM dezI varNo (dazyapadoM) meM nibaddha samasta kathAyeM zuddha arthAt nirdoSa hI haiN| jinendra bhagavAn ke dvArA upadiSTa evaM tapasvI AcAryoM ke dvArA praNIta zAstroM kI mAdhyamabhASAyeM bhI ye hI haiN| ** prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 10 15

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prAkRtavidyA-prazasti: -paM0 vAsudeva dvivedI zAstrI atirucir-vrnn-ptrk-mudrnn-saundry-caarutr-citraiH| prasabhaM mano harantI 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 1 / / artha:- atyanta rucira varNoM se yukta pRSThoM evaM sundara manohara mudrita citroM se mana ko svabhAvata: mohita karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| keyaM prAkRtabhASA kuta AyAtA svarUpamasyA: kim / iti vimRzantI vizadaM 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 2 / / __artha:- yaha prAkRtabhASA kyA hai? kahA~ se AyI hai? isakA svarUpa kyA hai? -- aise praznoM para vizada vicAra karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| ___vividhaiH rucirataraMgaiH prAkRtavANI sudhApagocchalitaiH / khelantI vibudhaiH sA 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 3 / / artha:- amRta kI vividha manamohaka taraMgoM se vidvAnoM ke sAtha krIr3A karatI vaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| Agamagumphita-tattvairmUlAcArairmunIndra caritaizca / jIvana-dizo dizantI 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 4 / / artha:- AgamoM se yukta tattvoM, mUlAcAroM aura zreSTha muniyoM ke AcaraNoM se jIvanadarzana kA upadeza detI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| racayitvA lalitAbhA nityaM nava-nava-nibandhamaNimAlA: / viduSo vibhUSayantI 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jytaat|| 5 / / ___ artha:- sundara svarUpavAlI vANI se nitya navIna nibandhoM kI maNimAlA ko racakara vidvAnoM kA vibhUSita karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| abhinv-praakRt-kvitaa-kusum-praag-prmodmaaddhtii| vidvajjana-madhupAnAM 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 6 / / artha:- navIna prAkRta-kavitArUpI kusuma-parAga kI sugandha ko dhAraNa karatI huI madhuparUpI vidvajjanoM ko AhlAdita karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho| 0016 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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anusandhitsu - janAnAM prAkRtavAca: karasthadIpa iva / dadhatI para: prakAzaM 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jytaat|| 7 / / arthaH-- anusandhAtAoM tathA prAkRta bolane vAle vyaktiyoM ke hAtha meM liye huye dIpa ke samAna zreSTha prakAza ko dhAraNa karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho / AbAlyAjjinavANIraktaM ceto madIyamadhunApi / ramayantI hRdyeyaM 'prAkRtavidyA' ciraM jayatAt / / 8 / / artha:- bAlakoM se jina taka kI vANI se anurakta mere citta ko isa samaya Ananda pradAna karatI huI yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' nirantara utkarSazAlinI ho / - (hindI anuvAda : DaoN0 santoSa zukla, naI dillI) AMvalA, aneka rogoM kI eka davA AMvalA ko Ayurveda meM 'amRtaphala' yA 'dhAyIphala' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| aisI mAnyatA hai ki AMvalA 'dhAya' arthAta 'narsa' kI bhA~ti manuSya kA pAlana-poSaNa karatA hai / vaijJAnika vizleSaNoM se patA calatA hai ki AMvale meM jitane roga nAzaka, raktazodhaka, Arogya - vardhaka tathA pauSTika tattva hote haiM, utane kisI anya phala meM nahIM pAye jAte haiM / maharSi caraka ke anusAra "vizva kI jJAta auSadhiyoM meM AMvale kA sthAna sarvopari hai / " | AMvalA kA vAnaspatika nAma 'phAilainthasa imbilikA' hai / vanaspati vijJAna ise puSpadhAriyoM ke eka dvibIjapatrI kula 'yuphorabiyesI' ke antargata mAnatA hai| AMvalA viTAmina 'sI' kA bhaNDAra hai| isakI prati 100 grAma mAtrA meM 600 milIgrAma viTAmina 'sI' hotA hai, jo ki sukhAne yA ubAlane se naSTa nahIM hotA hai| AMvale se prApta viTAmina 'sI' nIMbU, saMtarA, kelA, TamATara Adi kI apekSA adhika uttama mAnA jAtA hai| eka AMvale meM bIsa saMtaroM ke barAbara viTAmina 'sI' kA honA vanaspatizAstriyoM ke lie acaraja kI bAta hai / isameM 0.5% proTIna, 0.1% vasA, 0.75% kailziyama, 0.02% phAsphorasa aura 1.2% lauhatattva pAye jAte haiN| isameM amla aura kaSAya rasa kI adhikatA ke kAraNa yaha pAcaka aura saMgrAhaka hotA hai| AMvale meM pAye jAne vAle amlarasa kI pramukha vizeSatA hai ki yaha zarIra kI kisI jhillI ko koI hAni nahIM pahu~cAtA hai / isIlie isakA sevana bhojana se pahale, bhojana ke sAtha aura bhojana ke bAda suvidhAjanaka kabhI bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| AMvale ko cabAkara khAne se dAMtoM meM 'pAyariyA roga' nahIM hotA hai| kacce hare AMvale ko bArIka kATakara mizrI ke sAtha khAne se peTa ke rogoM meM lAbha milatA hai| hare AMvale ke niyamita sevana se kapha dUra ho jAtA hai, khUna kI garmI zAnta hotI hai aura haDDiyAM majabUta hotI haiN| AMvale kA sevana gAya ke dUdha sAtha karane se netra ke rogoM se mukti milatI hai| AMvale kA ubaTana yadi niyamita rUpa se prayoga kiyA jAye, to tvacA meM prAkRtika nikhAra aura lAvaNya AtA hai / mastaka para AMvale ke cUrNa kA lepa karane se siradarda meM ArAma milatA hai| AMvale kA sevana hRdaya rogoM meM phAyadA pahu~cAtA hai aura 'yakRta' ko tAkata detA hai / prAkRtavidyA-- apraila-jUna '2000 00 17

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ikkIsavIM sadI : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA svarNayuga - pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina zrutapaMcamI - mahAparva ke suavasara para pichalI 6 tathA 7 jUna ko zrI kundakundaM bhAratI, naI dillI ke saujanya se 'akhila bhAratIya zaurasenI prAkRta saMsada' ke tattvAvadhAna evaM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM sthAnIya 'guru nAnaka phAUDeNzana' ke oNDiToriyama meM rASTriya bhAvAtmaka ekatA tathA akhaNDatA ke pratIka 'kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' para eka rASTriya seminAra kA Ayojana kiyA gayA, jisameM deza ke vizeSajJa - vidvAnoM ne nimnalikhita viSayoM para apane - apane zodha - nibandhoM kA vAcana kiyA-- 1. DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa kI viSaya- vivecanA-paddhati (sAranAtha, vArANasI) 2. DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra ( lakhanaU ) 3. pro0 jaina (lakhanaU) vRSabhaprasAda 4. pro0 premasumana jaina (udayapura) 5. pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina ( ArA ) - 6. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina (dillI) 7. pro0 gaMgAdhara paNDA (vArANasI) 8. DaoN0 prakAzacandra jaina ( gAjiyAbAda ) - 18 - 9. DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI ( dillI) 10. pro0 vidyAvatI jaina ( ArA, bihAra ) - 11. DaoN0 udayacandra jaina (udayapura) 12. DaoN0 vijayakumAra jaina ( lakhanaU ) - - kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa kI paramparA evaM mahattva kAtaMtra para kucha vicAra kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa aura kathAtmaka tathya adyAvadhi aprakAzita kAtantra-vistara : eka adhyayana kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI mUla - paramparA evaM vaiziSTya kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI apUrvatA zarvavarma-praNIta kAtantra - vyAkaraNa meM varNa-vicAra kAtantra - vyAkaraNa kI prAcInatA kAtantra-vyAkaraNa-sambandhI kucha durlabha pANDulipiyA~ rAjasthAna ke zAstra - bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha kAtantra - vyAkaraNa kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa kA pAli - vyAkaraNoM para prabhAva prAkRtavidyA+apraila-jUna '2000

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13. DaoN0 suSamA siMghavI (udayapura) - Some special features of Katantra Grammar 14. DaoN0 rameza kumAra pANDeya (dillI) - kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa kA nATyazAstra para prabhAva : eka anuzIlana 15. pro0 dharmacandra jaina (kurukSetra) - kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa evaM usakI upAdeyatA 16. pro0 ema0DI0 basaMtarAja (maisUra) - kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ina di vyU oNpha jaina TreDIzana 17. DaoN0 azvinI kumAra dAsa (dillI) - pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kA tulanAtmaka vaiziSTya 18. DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina (bijanaura) - kAtantra vyAkaraNa : pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke Aloka meN| cAroM satroM meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI kAtantra-vyAkaraNa-sambandhI vicArottejaka samIkSAoM ke atirikta bhI bIca-bIca meM Akasmika sarasa evaM rocaka TippaNiyoM tathA antya-maMgala ke rUpa meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke vaiziSTya evaM vartamAna vaijJAnika sandarbho meM usakI mahattA tathA upayogitA para prakAzana DAlane se upasthita vidvAn tathA zrotAgaNa mantramugdha hote rhe| nibandha-vAcana 4 satroM meM sampanna huA, jinameM adhyakSatA kramaza: (1) pro0 (DaoN0) vAcaspati upAdhyAya, kulapati, (naI dillI), (2) DaoN0 satyaraMjana banarjI (kalakattA), (3) pro0 (DaoN0) nAmavara siMha (suprasiddha samAlocaka evaM prAcya bhASAvida, naI dillI), (4) pro0 DaoN0 premasiMha (suprasiddha bhASAvid, naI dillI) ne kii| satroM kA saMcAlana kramaza: DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina, pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jaina tathA DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne kiyaa| seminAra ke niSkarSoM evaM bhAvI yojanAoM para DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne prakAza ddaalaa| seminAra meM paThita ukta bahuAyAmI zodha-nibandhoM kA prakAzana bhI zIghra kiyA jAyegA, jisase prAcyavidyA-rasika vidvAnoM ko usakI garimA kA paricaya mila ske| madhyakAlIna bhAratIya itihAsa ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki yaha kAla rAjanaitika asthiratA kA kAla avazya thA, phira bhI sAmAjika evaM sAhityika cetanA usa samaya bhI sarvathA lupta na ho sakI thii| janatA meM svAbhimAna ke sAtha-sAtha apane rASTra, samAja evaM sAhityika abhyudaya ke prati mAMgalika bhAvanA sthira thii| 'mAlavA' ke pramukha sAMskRtika-kendra 'ujjayinI' nagarI para cAlukyavaMzI nareza siddharAja jayasiMha ne AkramaNa kara jaba use parAjita kiyA aura usa para apanA adhikAra kiyA, to nagara-parikramA ke krama meM usane ujjayinI ke vizAla granthAgAra kA bhI avalokana kiyaa| usameM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka atyanta surakSita eka aise grantha kI ora usakA dhyAna gayA, jisake veSThana para likhA thA prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 19

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'mAlavA kA gaurava-grantha' / jaba use usane kholakara dekhA, to bahumUlya hIre-motiyoM se jaTita eka hastalikhita grantha milA vaha rAjA bhojarAja kRta 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' nAma kA vyAkaraNa-grantha thA, tathA sArvajanika svIkRti ke sAtha use 'mAlavA kA gaurava grantha' ghoSita kiyA gayA thA / siddharAja jayasiMha use dekha - par3hakara hakkA-bakkA raha gayA / mAlavA kA gaurava-grantha to ho, aura gujarAta kA gaurava-grantha na ho -yaha kaise sambhava hai? vaha apanI rAjadhAnI aNahilapura- pATana vApisa aayaa| rAta bhara use nIMda nahIM aaii| agale dina vaha apane gurudeva AcArya hemacandra ke zrIcaraNoM meM loTa gayA aura apane mana kI vyathA-kathA sunAte hue usane kahA ki "gurudeva ! mujhe isa samaya isa bAta kI adhika prasannatA nahIM hai ki maiMne mAlavA para vijaya prApta kara lii| balki mujhe to isa bAta kA duHkha ho gayA hai ki mAlavA ke gaurava-grantha ke samAna hI gujarAta kA abhI taka koI bhI gaurava-grantha nahIM likhA gayA? isa kamI se maiM hI nahIM, balki hamArA sArA gujarAta-deza apamAnita hone kA anubhava kara rahA hai| ata: gurudeva ! aba Apa hI isa apamAna se hamAre rAjya ko ubAra sakate haiN| ApakI suvidhAnusAra sabhI Avazyaka lekhanopakaraNa sAmagrI taiyAra karA dI gaI hai / ata: Apa yaha kArya zIghra hI sampanna karane kI mahattI kRpA kIjiye / " AcArya hemacandra ne ekAgramana se kAryArambha kiyA aura lagabhaga eka varSa kI avadhi meM apanA sArA grantha taiyAra kara liyA, jisakA bharI vidvatsabhA meM AdyopAntya vAcana kiyA gayA aura sarvasammati se usakA nAmakaraNa kiyA gayA-- - 'siddhahaimazabdAnuzAsana' aura harSadhvanipUrvaka use 'gujarAta kA gaurava - grantha' ke nAma se ghoSita kiyA gayA / . isaprakAra hamArI dRSTi meM abhI taka ukta do grantha 'gaurava-grantha ratna' ke rUpa meM Aye haiM-- (1) mAlava-gaurava grantharatna, evaM ( 2 ) gujarAta-gaurava grantharatna / madhyakAlIna pramukha pANDulipiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha kAtantra - vyAkaraNa kI prAcIna pANDulipiyA~ bhI cIna, maMgoliyA, tibbata, bhUTAna, aphagAnistAna, barmA, silona tathA aneka yoropIya dezoM meM pahu~catI rahI haiM aura vahA~ unhoMne itanI lokapriyatA prApta kI ki unameM se aneka dezoM meM zikSA-saMsthAnoM ke pAThyakramoM meM sadiyoM pUrva se hI use svIkRta kara, usakA adhyayana-adhyApana - kArya bhI prArambha kiyA gayA, jo vartamAna meM bhI cAlU hai / ukta dezoM kI sthAnIya bhASAoM meM usa para vividha TIkAyeM bhI likhI gaI haiM aura sarvekSaNoM se vidita huA hai ki akele videzoM meM hI ukta grantha-sambandhI vibhinna pANDulipiyoM kI saMkhyA 300 ke lagabhaga hai / bhAratIya prAcya zAstra - bhaNDAroM meM bhI abhI taka ke sarvekSaNoM ke anusAra usakI mUla tathA unakI vividha TIkAoM - sambandhI pANDulipiyoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga eka sahasra hai / aba prazna yaha hai ki ukta 'sarasvatI - kaNThAbharaNa' evaM 'siddhahaimazabdAnuzAsana' to kevala apane-apane rAjyoM ke gaurava - grantharatna ke rUpa meM sammAnya the; kintu 'kAtantra 20 prAkRtavidyA-- apraila-jUna '2000

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vyAkaraNa' kI deza-videza meM lokapriyatA dekhakara use kahA~ kA gaurava-grantha mAnA jAya? kyA kevala bhArata kA? kyA kevala eziyA kA? athavA samUce vizva kA? yugoM-yugoM se vaha grantha nizcitarUpa se sAmAnyajana ke gale kA hAra banA rahA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki usakA adhyayana yUnAnI rAjadUta megAsthanIja ne bhI kiyA ho| pichalI lagabhaga tIna sadiyoM meM sara viliyama jonsa, jUliyasa egliga, AlsaDorpha, tathA deza-videza ke aneka prAcyavidyAvidoM tathA DaoN0 e0bI0 kItha, paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka tathA DaoN0 sUryakAnta ne bhI kiyaa| aura isa sadI ke uttarArdha meM DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI tathA DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra ne bhI vizeSa rUpa se kiyA aura apane dIrghakAlIna gambhIra cintana-manana ke bAda una sabhI ne eka svara se usakI prAcInatA, maulikatA aura sArvajanInatA siddha kara use lokopayogI batalAte hue usakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA kI hai| ina tathyoM ke Aloka meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI maulikatA tathA sArvajanIna guNavattA ke kAraNa usakI lokapriyatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yadi use 'vizva-sAhitya kA gaurava-grantha' mAnA jAye, to kyA koI atyukti hogI? seminAra meM paThita prAya: sabhI nibandha maulika evaM zodha-paraka the, jo parizramapUrvaka taiyAra kiye gaye the| ____DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI evaM DaoN0 rAmazaMkara mizra ne nibandha prAcya-bhAratIya vyAkaraNa-granthoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka the, jinameM unhoMne sAmAnya janamAnasa kI dRSTi se grantha kI saralatA, saMkSiptatA evaM arthalAghava jaisI vizeSatAoM para acchI prakAza ddaalaa| DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra ne zAradA-lipi meM prApta ziSyahitAvRtti' tathA ziSyahitAnyAsa' nAmaka vyAkhyAparaka kRtiyoM kI vizeSatAoM para pANDityapUrNa carcA kii| __ pANDulipiyoM ke sarvekSaNa-sambandhI tIna nibandha bhI prastuta kiye gaye, jinhoMne prAya: sabhI kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA, jinameM se udayapura vizvavidyAlaya ke DaoN0 udayacandra jaina ne eka viziSTa sUcanA yaha dI ki kAtantra-vyAkaraNa para likhita eka TIkA 'kAtantra-mantra-prakAza-bAlAvabodha' kI TIkA prAkRtabhASA mizrita hai| isa koTi kA yaha sambhavata: prathama upalabdha grantha hai| ArA (bihAra) kI pro0 (zrImatI) vidyAvatI jaina ne apane nibandha meM vividha zAstra-bhANDaroM meM surakSita lagabhaga 88 pANDulipiyoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyaa| usI krama meM adyAvadhi ajJAta 'durgavRtti dvayAzraya-kAvya kI bhI sUcanA dI, jisakA aparanAma 'zreNikacarita mahAkAvya' btlaayaa| isameM 'zreNika carita' ke 18 sarga kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' ke niyamoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara likhe gaye haiN| abhI taka hemacandrAcAryakRta 'kumArapAlacarita' 'dvayAzraya kAvya' ke nAma se prasiddha thA, kintu aba ukta nUtana zodha-sUcanAnusAra, 'durgavRtti dvayAzraya kAvya' bhI sammukha AyA hai| prAcya sAhitya-jagat ke liye yaha eka rocaka navInatama sUcanA hai, jo svayaM meM hI eka gaurava kA viSaya hai| yahI nahIM zrImatI prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 21

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jaina ne eka aisI pANDulipi kI bhI sUcanA dI hai, jisakA nAma hai--"kalApa-vyAkaraNasandhi-garbhita-stavaH" / jo 23 padya pramANa hai| isake lekhaka ne ukta stava (stotra) "siddho varNasamAmnAya" Adi kalApa (kAtantra) vyAkaraNa ke sandhi-sUtroM kI pAdapUrti kI dRSTi se taiyAra kiyA thaa| ____ eka tIsarI aprakAzita pANDulipi, jisakA ki nAma 'kAtantra-vistara' hai (jisakA parimANa 500 pRSTha hai) aura jo kAtantra vyAkaraNa' para zrIvardhamAna dvArA likhita vRtti hai, usakA paricaya pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina ne prastuta kiyaa| isa pANDulipi kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki usake lekhaka ne kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM para to apanI viziSTa svatantra vRtti likhI hI, sAtha hI samakAlIna arthanIti, rAjanIti, samAjika-rIti-rivAjoM, lokajIvana tathA bhUgola ke vividha rUpoM kI paribhASAyeM bhI prastuta kI haiN| jinake vizleSaNoM ne zrotAoM ko kAphI prabhAvita kiyaa| kAtantra-vyAkaraNa sambhavata: guptakAla ke bAda se bhAratIya sAhityika itihAsa kI dRSTi se ojhala hone lagA thaa| isake kAraNa khoja ke viSaya haiN| kintu upalabdha tathyoM ke anusAra guptakAla ke bAda vaiyAkaraNa durgasiMha dvArA kiye gaye kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke vaijJAnika mUlyAMkana ke kAraNa usakI lokapriyatA kAphI bar3hIM; tatpazcAt 'vAdiparvatavajra' virudadhArI bhAvasena-traividya ne bhI usa para eka vistRta vRtti likhii| isaprakAra jahA~ taka merI jAnakArI hai, 12vIM-13vIM sadI se kAtantra kA acchA pracAra huaa| durgasiMha evaM bhAvasena traividya ne usa para vRttiyA~ likhakara kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke mahattva evaM unake Antarika saundarya ko hI prakAzita nahIM kiyA, balki unhoMne vyAkaraNa ke kSetra meM eka aise kAtantra-Andolana' kA sUtrapAta kiyA, jisane ki binA kisI AmnAya-bheda ke aneka vaiyAkaraNoM evaM sAhityakAroM ko AkarSita aura samIkSAtmaka lekhana-kArya hetu prerita kiyaa| apabhraMza kavi bhI usase prabhAvita hue binA na raha ske| 'pAsaNAhacariu' (adyAvadhi aprakAzita-apabhraMza mahAkAvya) kA lekhaka vibudha zrIdhara (13vIM sadI) jaba hariyANA se bhramaNa karane hetu dillI AyA, to use vahA~ kI sar3akeM utanI hI sundara lagI thIM, jaisI ki jijJAsuoM ke liye kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI pNjikaa-vRtti| usa 'kAtantra-Andolana' kA hI yaha suphala rahA ki pichale lagabhaga 6-7 sau varSoM meM deza-videzoM meM lagabhaga 200 se Upara vividha TIkAyeM, bhASya, vRttiyA~, avacUrNiyA~, TippaNiyA~, TIkAoM para bhI TIkAyeM evaM vRttiyA~ para bhI aneka vRttiyA~ evaM TippaNaka Adi likhe gye| eka prakAra se yaha kAla vastuta: kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke bahuAyAmI mahattva ke prakAzana kA svarNakAla hI thaa| isakI saralatA, saMkSiptA spaSTatA, laukikatA tathA udAharaNoM kI dRSTi se sthAnIyatA tathA sthAnIya samakAlIna loka saMskRti ke sAtha-sAtha usameM bhUgola, arthanIti, samAjanIti, rAjanIti Adi ke samAhAra ke kAraNa vaha grantha nizcaya hI vizvasAhitya ke ziromaNi grantha-ratna ke rUpa meM ubharakara sammukha AyA hai| 0022 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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kAtantra-vyAkaraNa para vRttiyA~ likhakara durgasiMha evaM bhAvasena vidya ne paravartI TIkAkAroM kI lekhanI ke liye prazasta rAjamArga kA nirmANa kara eka pauSTika pAtheya bhI taiyAra kara diyA thaa| yaha bhI tathya hai ki mAlava tathA gujarAta ke ukta gauravagranthoM para kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kI chAyA hai| yaha unake tulanAtmaka adhyayana se spaSTa vidita hotA hai| jaisAki Upara likhA jA cukA hai, kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke eka prAcIna pramukha TIkAkAra haiM-- bhAvasena traividya (vidya arthAt 1. zabdAgama arthAt vyAkaraNa, 2. tarkAgama arthAt nyAya-darzana, aura 3. paramAgama arthAt Agama-sAhitya ke niSNAta vidvaan)| unhoMne zAkaTAyana-vyAkaraNa-TIkA, pramA-prameya, bhukti-mukti-vicAra prabhRti vividha-viSayaka nau granthoM kA bhI pANDityapUrNa praNayana kiyA thaa| unake anusAra 'kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' ke lekhaka zarvavarmA digambara jainAcArya the| unhoMne likhA hai ki yugAdideva RSabhadeva ne vyAkaraNa kA jJAna sarvaprathama apanI kumArI putriyoM ke liye karAyA thA, jo kaumAra' yA 'kalApa' ke nAma se jJAta rhaa| tatpazcAt paramparayA vaha jJAna pANinI-pUrvakAlIna zarvavarma ko milaa| zarvavarma ne bhI use saMkSipta tathA lokopayogI banAkara kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' ke nAma se prasiddha kiyaa| IsApUrva kI sadiyoM meM vaha grantha itanA lokapriya thA ki maharSi pataMjali (I0pU0 tIsarI sadI) ko bhI likhanA par3A thA ki- "grAma-grAma evaM nagara-nagara meM kalApa (kAtantra) kA pATha hotA rahatA hai|" ukta nezanala seminAra kI mUla preraNA paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI kI thii| unhoMne apane gurukulIya bAlya-jIvana se hI kAtantra-vyAkaraNa' kA eka raTanta-vidyA ke rUpa meM adhyayana kiyA hogaa| kintu Age calakara usameM unheM usakI aitihAsikatA kI jhA~khI dikhAI par3ane lgii| usakA unhoMne nirantara hI tulanAtmaka adhyayana, manana evaM cintana to kiyA hI, use eka mahanIya gaurava-grantha ke rUpa meM pratiSThita bhI kiyA aura jana-jana taka usakI mahimA ko prakAzita karane hetu a0bhA0 zaurasenI prAkRta saMsad ko usake Ayojana kI preraNA dI, sAtha hI, zrIkundakunda bhAratI TrasTa ke dRSTiyoM ko bhI prerita kiyA ki vaha jaina samAja ke gaurava-grantha ke rUpa meM prasiddha kAtantra-vyAkaraNa para eka nezanala seminAra kA Ayojana kareM, jisase ki pichalI kaI sahasrAbdiyoM se bhAratIya sAhitya evaM itihAsa ke nirmANa meM usake bahuAyAmI yogadAna ke pakSoM ko prakAzita kiyA jA ske| isameM sandeha nahIM ki ukta Ayojana se AcArya vidyAnanda jI kI abhilASA AMzika rUpa meM hI sahI, pUrNa huI hogii| phira bhI, vidvAnoM kI yaha rAya banI hai ki usameM samagratA kI dRSTi se AgAmI do varSoM ke bhItara puna: eka nezanala seminAra kA Ayojana kiyA jAya, jisase ki vidvadgaNa puna: usa viSaya para zodhakArya kara sakeM aura agale kAryakrama meM ve apanA cintana prastuta kara skeN| samApana-satra meM vidvAnoM ne apane-apane vicAra bhI vyakta kiye the, jinake kucha niSkarSa nimna prakAra hai prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna "2000 00 23

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(1) do varSoM ke bhItara-bhItara kAtantra-vyAkaraNa viSayaka eka rASTriya saMgoSThI kA Ayojana puna: kiyA jaay| (2) zrI kundakunda bhAratI prAMgaNa meM zIghra hI nirmita karAye jAne vAle 'khAravela bhavana' meM eka kAtantra pustakAlaya kI sthApanA kI jAya, jisameM deza-videza meM upalabdha sabhI kAtantra-sambandhI pANDulipiyoM kI mUla athavA mAikrophilmiMga pratilipiyoM kA saMgraha kiyA jAya, (3) kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke bahuAyAmI zodhaparaka mUlyAMkana-hetu eka kAtantra-pariSad kI ___ sthApanA kI jAye, jisake mAdhyama se kAtantra kA bahuAyAmI zodhakArya gatizIla banA rahe tathA usakA prakAzana hotA rhe| (4) kAtantrakAlIna bhArata' nAmaka eka sarvopayogI grantha kI racanA kI jAya, jisameM bhAratIya itihAsa, saMskRti tathA usake vividha aMgoM ko sasandarbha prakAzana ho| (5) pUrvokta kAtantra-vistara, durgavRtti dvayAzraya kAvya evaM prAkRta mizrita bAlAvabodha TIkA kA sampAdana evaM prakAzana zIghra hI kiyA jaay| kuMbale ne kahA : zAkAhArI bano Ajakala bar3e krikeTaroM ke nAma maica phiksiMga se jor3e jA rahe haiM, eka krikeTara kA nAma zAkAhAra se jur3a rahA hai| lega-spinara anila kumbale Ajakala jamakara zAkAhAra kI vakAlata kara rahe haiN| 'pIpula phaoNra da ethikala TrITameMTa oNpha enimala' kI eka vijJapti ke anusAra anila kumbale kA kahanA hai ki "zAkAhAra pazuoM kI rakSA karatA hai| unakA yaha bhI mAnanA hai ki zAkAhArI bhojana meM sabhI taraha ke jarUrI viTAmina aura proTIna hote haiN| isameM vasA, kolesTrola mAMsa se kama hote haiN|" kumbale ne zAkAhAra ko bar3hAvA dene ke lie hAla hI meM eka vijJApana ke lie bhI kAma kiyA hai| yaha vijJApana krikeTa sTeDiyamoM meM agale kucha mahInoM meM dikhAI degaa| isa vijJApana meM yaha geMdabAja ballA hAtha meM lie hai aura kaha rahe haiM ki 'zAkAhArI ho jaao'| bhArata se pahale peTA ke abhiyAna ke calate amerikA meM 1 karor3a 70 lAkha amerikI zAkAhArI ho cuke haiN| iMglaiMDa meM hara saptAha ausatana 2000 loga zAkAhAra ko apanA rahe haiN| bhArata meM peTA ne janavarI meM apanA abhiyAna zurU kiyA thaa| isa abhiyAna meM amitAbha baccana, mahimA caudharI, jUhI cAvalA Adi kaI bhAratIya sitAre bhI zAmila ho cuke haiN| -(sAbhAra uddhRta, navabhArata TAImsa, 2 agasta 2000) ** 00 24 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI bhASA -DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI vigata pA~ca dazakoM meM bhAratIya vidyA ke kSetra meM kiye gaye zodha-kAryoM se do mahattvapUrNa tathya prakAzita hokara sAmane Aye haiM-- prathama AcArya kundakunda kA janma Andhrapradeza meM huA thA aura unake nAma para usa grAma kA nAma, usa bastI ko koNDakuMdi' kahate haiN| dvitIya yaha ki AcArya kundakunda kA janma usa samaya huA thA, jaba Andhra pradeza meM sAtavAhana nRpati kA zAsana-kAla thaa| bhAratIya itihAsavidoM ke anusAra yaha sunizcita hai ki AcArya kundakunda guptakAla ke pUrva hue|' yaha bhI nizcita hotA hai ki Andhra meM 'gunTupallI' ke zilAlekhoM ke anusAra IsvI pUrva dvitIya zatAbdI meM vahA~ para jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra ho cukA thA, jise prasRta karane meM koNDakundAcArya kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| ve usake mukhiyA the| 'sAtavAhana vaMza' kI sthApanA I0pU0 210 meM huI thii| Andhrapradeza para adhikAra ho jAne ke pazcAt vaha 'AndhravaMza' ke nAma se prasiddha ho gyaa|' ata: purANoM meM usakA ullekha 'AndhravaMza' ke nAma se kiyA gayA hai| vellAripura' meM upalabdha zilAlekha meM Andhrapradeza ko 'sAtavAhanihAra' kahA gayA hai| sAtavAhanoM ke sampUrNa zilAlekha prAkRtabhASA meM likhita prApta hote haiN| eka bhI zilAlekha telugu bhASA meM likhA gayA Aja taka prApta nahIM huaa| yaha eka Azcaryajanaka tathya hai ki bhAratavarSa ke prAcInatama zilAlekha prAkRtabhASA meM upalabdha hote haiN| yahA~ taka ki 'bhAratavarSa' zabda kA prAcInatama ullekha kaliMga-deza khAravela ke zilAlekha meM 'bharadhavasa' rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| sabase adhika AzcaryakArI yaha hai ki samrAT khAravela tathA sAtavAhanavaMzI rAjAoM ke zilAlekha prAkRta meM upalabdha hote haiN| mUla sAtavAhana vaMza meM 19 rAjA hue hoMge jinameM zivasvAti (78 I0), zivazrI (165 I0) aura zivaskanda (172 I0) bhI haiM, jo tIna sau varSoM ke bhItara hue| nahapAna yA naravAhana kI tithi 124 I0 hai| naravAhana ke kAla meM AcArya bhUtabali-puSpadanta hue| ata: AcArya kundakunda unake pUrva hue the| nandisaMgha kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra vikramasaMvat 49 meM koNDakunda ko AcAryapada se alaMkRta kiyA gayA thaa| gyAraha varSa kI avasthA meM unhoMne zramaNa (sAmAyikacAritra) dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI aura cavAlIsaveM varSa meM AcArya prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 25

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padavI se unheM alaMkRta kiyA gayA thaa| ata: I0pU0 08 meM ve AcArya hue the| zilAlekhoM ke anusAra unakA janma mAgha zukla paMcamI, vikrama saMvat 05 meM huA thaa| isaprakAra unakI janmatithi kAlagaNanA ke anusAra IsvI pUrva 52 nirdhArita hai| ____ guptakAla ke pUrva taka ke lagabhaga do darjana se adhika aise prAkRta ke zilAlekha karnATaka pradeza meM upalabdha haiM, jinase maurya, cuTa, sAtavAhana, pallava aura kadamba rAjAoM ke sambandha meM jAnakArI milatI hai| karnATaka ke prAcInatama zAsaka sAtavAhana the, jinhoMne prazAsanika bhASA ke rUpa meM prAkRta kA prayoga kiyA thA aura janatA ke lie bhI prAkRta kI hI svIkRti pradAna kI thii| ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki sAtavAhanoM ke rAjyakAla meM hI prAkRtabhASA kA vikAsa huaa| rAjA sAtavAhana ne apane anta:pura meM prAkRta ko vyavahAra kI bhASA ke rUpa meM pracalita kiyA thaa| sAtavAhana rAjAoM ne I0pU0 230 se I0pU0 220 taka arthAt cAra sau varSoM se adhika rAjya kiyaa| isa vaMza ke tIsa rAjAoM ne rAjya kiyaa| pahale inakI rAjadhAnI mahArASTra meM 'paiThana' (pratiSThAnapura) thI, phira kramaza: haidarAbAda, kRSNA aura godAvarI taTa taka rAjya vistRta ho gyaa| ___ dakSiNa bhArata ke vibhinna pradezoM kI rAjanItika, sAmAjika tathA dhArmika sthiti ke adhyayana se bhI isa tathya kI saMpuSTi hotI hai ki apane yuga meM AcArya kundakunda kA dakSiNa bhArata meM vizeSa prabhAva thaa| zrI rAmAsvAmI AyaMgara mahodaya ke anusAra AcArya kundakunda kA yuga I0pU0 prathama zatAbdI se lekara IsvI prathama zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha rahA hai aura ve 'dravir3asaMgha' ke mukhiyA rahe haiN| yaha bhI eka aitihAsika tathya hai ki prAcInatama abhilekha adhikatara prAkRta meM aura kucha saMskRta meM upalabdha hote haiM; na ki kSetrIya bhASAoM meN| digambara jainoM ne Agama yA zruta ko saMrakSita karane ke liye jaina-zaurasenI yA zaurasenI . prAkRta meM racanA kI thii| ___ isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki mata-bheda ke kAraNa digambara-zvetAmbaroM ke vicAroM meM hI nahIM, kahIM-kahIM AcaraNa meM aura bhASA meM bhI parivartana spaSTa lakSita hone lgaa| 'NiggaMTha' (nirgrantha) zabda kA artha jo mahAtmA gautamabuddha ke samaya meM digambara apiragrahI sAdhu' kA vAcaka thA, vaha kAlAntara meM 'zramaNa parivrAjaka' kA artha dene lagA aura pakSa-vyAmoha hone para alpa vastrAdi kA prayoga karane para bhI use 'parigraha' se rahita samajhA jAne lgaa| ata: daNDa-vastradhArI sAdhu-santa bhI 'NiggaMTha' (nirgrantha) kahe jAne lge| isaprakAra paravartIkAla meM zabda artha-vizeSa meM rUr3ha ho gye| ata: Upara se samAna pratIta hone para bhI prAkRtabhASA meM hI dArzanika aura pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM kaI taraha kI bhinnatA, sUkSmatA tathA gambhIratA lakSita hotI hai| ___DaoN0 jaoNrja griyarsana ne prAkRta ke upalabdha sAhitya ke AdhAra para prAkRtoM kA vibhAjana do rUpoM meM kiyA hai- pazcimI aura pUrvIya praakRt| yadyapi yaha bahuta sthUla vibhAjana hai, 0026 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna 2000

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phira bhI bhaugolika dRSTi se yaha ucita hai| vaidika kAla se hI pUrvI aura pazcimI boliyoM meM bheda barAbara banA rahA hai| DaoN0 griyarsana kA vicAra spaSTa hai ki pazcimI prAkRta meM mukhya zaurasenI' hai, jo zUrasena yA gAMgeya-doAba tathA nikaTavartI pradeza ke madhyavartI kSetra kI bhASA hai| ___ yaha eka Azcaryajanaka tathA vizvasanIya tathya hai ki digambara jaina Agama-granthoM yA zruta-jinavANI athavA unakI AnupUrvI meM race gaye adhikatara granthoM kI bhASA 'zaurasenI' hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM I0pU0 tRtIya zatAbdI lagabhaga se lekara prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI ke samrATa azoka ke tathA anya zilAlekhoM ke upalabdha hone se yaha nizcita hotA hai ki usa yuga meM prAkRta kA hI pramukha pracalana thaa| 'kasAyapAhuDasutta' kI bhASA se tulanA karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne AcArya guNadhara ke bhAvoM kA hI nahIM, bhASA kA bhI saMyojana tathA anugamana kiyA hai|" paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ke zabdoM meM "kundakunda ke upalabdha granthoM meM 'paMcAstikAya', 'pravacanasAra', 'samayasAra', 'niyamasAra' aura 'aSTapADa' atiprasiddha haiN| ina sabakI bhASA zaurasenI prAkRta hai|" zaurasenI prAkRta ke sAmAnya niyama isaprakAra haiM (1) anAdi meM vidyamAna asaMyukta 'ta' ko 'da' hotA hai| jaise--'dhAtu' ke sthAna para 'dhAtu' (paMcAstikAya 78), saMghAda, Niyada (paMcA0 79), pariNadaM (paMcA0 84), pasajadi (paMcA0 94), cedaNa (paMcA0 97), jIvida (paMcA0 30), cedaga (paMcA0 68), avidida (pravacana0 57), tadA, tadiya, ApadaNa (bodhao 5, 6), cedaya (bodha0 7), sabbhUda (pravacana0 18) samakkhAda (pravacana0 36),samassida (samAzrita, pravacana0 65), samadA (samatA, niyama0 124), samabhihada (pravacana0 30) ityaadi| (2) kisI bhI zabda ke prArambha meM sthita 'ta' varNa ko 'da' nahIM hotaa| udAharaNa ke lie- taNa (tRNa), tumha, turiya, tela, toca, taNU (tanu), tacca (tattva), tatto Adi / (3) vikalpa se kahIM-kahIM Adi ke 'ta' ko 'da' ho jAtA hai| jaiseki-- dAva (taavt)| (4) kriyA-rUpoM meM zaurasenI meM saMskRta ke 'ti', 'te' pratyaya ke sthAna para 'di', 'da' kA prayoga hotA hai| yathA- hasadi (hasati), bhaNNade (samaya0 66), kuNadi (bodha 56), kuvvadi (sa0 301), khaNadi (liMga0 15) paDivajjadi (paMcA0 137), dhuda (tyakta) (nirvANabhakti 2), ghippadi (samaya0 296), karedi (samaya0 230), gacchadi (niyama0 182), lippadi (bodha0 46), pariNabhadi (samaya0 76), uppajjade (samaya0 217), uppajjadi (samaya0 76-79), sevadi (liMga 7) Nassadi (paMcA0 17), vijjadi (pravacana0 17), NAdi (paMcA0 162), NAdedi (samaya0 189), NAsadi (sutta0 34), NAsedi (samaya0 158, 159); NiggahidA (paMcA0 141), Niggado (samaya0 47), Nijjadu (samaya0 209), prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 2027

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NicchidA (samaya0 31), NiTThido (pravacana0 53), paribhamadi (vArasANu0 24) juMjadi, hiMDadi, havedi, havadi, hodi, prabhRti / ___pUrvakAlika kriyA kara' ke artha meM 'dUNa' pratyaya kA prayoga zaurasenI prAkRta meM vizeSa rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke liye, NAdUNa (samaya0 34, 72) passidUNa (samaya0 189), hodUNa (mokkha0 49, sIla0 10), paDhidUNa (mokkha0 106) aadi| yadyapi prAkRta ke sabhI vyAkaraNoM meM yaha sAmAnya niyama milatA hai ki do svaroM ke madhyavartI 'ka, ga, ca, ja, ta, da, pa' kA prAya: lopa ho jAtA hai aura sAmAnya rUpa se usake sthAna para arddhasvara (ya, v) kA Agama arthAt 'yazruti-vazruti' yA 'i' ho jAtA hai| kintu vizeSa rUpa se zaurasenI meM madhyama tathA antyavartI 'ta' kA 'da' ho jAtA hai| jaiseki--'mAtA-pitA' ke lie mAdA-pidara' (vArasANu0 21), 'dhAtu' ke lie 'dhAdu' (vArasANu0 41), 'mati' ke lie madi' (niyama0 22, liMga 3, 4), 'rati' ke lie 'radi' (pravacana0 64), 'ratna' ke lie 'radaNa' (pravacana0 30), 'bhUta' ke lie 'bhUda' (paMcA0 60), 'sat' ke lie sada' (paMcA0 55), 'samatA' ke lie 'samadA' (niyama 124), 'hita' ke lie 'hida' (paMcA0 122), 'muhita' ke lie 'muhida' (pravacana0 43), 'prabhRti' ke lie pahudi' (niyama0 114), (pravacana0 14, 15), 'viyukta' ke lie vijuda' (paMcA0 32), 'vidita' ke lie vidida' (pravacana0 78), 'dhyAtA' ke lie 'dhuda', 'atIta' ke lie 'atIda' ityaadi| isIprakAra kriyApadoM meM bhI pada ke antima varNa 'ta' ke sthAna para 'da' ho jAtA hai| yathA-- 'bhASita' ke lie 'bhAsida' (paMcA0 60), 'ghAta' ke lie 'ghAda', 'jIvita' ke lie 'jIvida' (pravacana0 55), 'dazita' ke lie dasida' (samaya0 12), 'dhuta' ke lie 'dhuda' . (tyakta), (nirvANa bha0 2), 'dhauta' ke lie 'dhoda' (pravacana0 1), 'praNata' ke lie 'paNada' (pravacana0 3), 'bharita' ke lie 'bharida' (sIla0 28), nirgata' ke lie 'Niggada' (samaya0 47), 'sthita' ke lie Thida' (samaya0 187), 'niSThita' ke lie NiTThida' (pravacana0 53), 'paristhita' ke lie pariTThida' (bhAva0 95, 163), 'Agata' ke lie 'Agada' (pravacana0 84), 'anAhata' ke lie 'aNArihada' (samaya0 347, 348), 'akRta' ke lie 'akada' (paMcA0 66), 'pUrvagata' ke lie 'puvvagada' (paMcA0 160), 'saMyuta' ke lie saMjuda' (paMcA0 68, pravacana0 14), 'paThita' ke lie 'paDhida' (paMcA0 57), 'praNipat' ke lie 'paNivada' (pravacana0 63) prabhRti aise rUpa haiN| ___ yaha eka vicitra aura Azcaryajanaka tathya hai ki Aja taka AcArya kundakunda ke mUla pAThoM kI surakSA nahIM kI gii| lagabhaga ikkIsa sau varSoM meM bhASA meM aneka prakAra ke parivartana hue| yuga-yugoM meM AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM ke lipikAra badalate rhe| unameM bhI dakSiNa bhArata ke lipikAroM se uttara bhArata ke lipikAroM meM sadA antara banA rhaa| 00 28 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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dakSiNa bhArata kI pratilipiyoM meM prAcIna lipi kI pUrNa jAnakArI na hone se jahA~ vartanI yA varNa-sambandhI bheda lakSita hue, vahIM uttara bhArata kI pratilipiyoM meM uccAraNa-viSayaka bheda nirantara hone se vartanI tathA bhASA meM bhI parivartana aura vizeSakara prAkRta bhASAgata parivartana spaSTa parilakSita hote haiN| saMskRta kA vyAkaraNa jaTila tathA niyamoM meM Abaddha hone se tathA kSetragata vibheda nahIM hone se usameM kiMcit-parivartana hue, jo kAlAntara meM zAstrIya paNDitoM dvArA zuddha kie jAte rhe| isaprakAra ke prayatna prAkRtabhASA meM virala hue, aura jo kie gae, ve una saMskRta-vidvAnoM ne kie jo prAkRtabhASA ko saMskRta-chAyA tathA saMskRta vyAkaraNa kI kasauTI para kasakara samajhane vAle the| jaba taka kisI bhASA kI prakRti tathA rUpa-racanA Adi kA bhalIbhA~ti jJAna na ho, taba taka vaha pUrNarUpa se samajha meM nahIM aatii| AcArya kundakunda ke akele 'paMcAstikAya' meM zaurasenI ke hI zabdarUpa sabhI pratiyoM tathA prakAzita saMskaraNoM meM samAna rUpa se lakSita hote haiN| udAharaNa ke lie-- AgAsaM (gAthA saM0 22,98, 100), cedA, havadi (27,38), uvaogavisesido (27), lahadi (28), jAdo, pappodi (29), jIvido (30), pariNadA, asaMkhAdA (31), ciTThadi (34), cedayadi, cedaga (38), madi, suda (41), NiyadaM (46), jadi, guNado (50), vivarIdaM (51), bahugA (52), pasajadi (54), idi (60), sado asado (61), missida (62), karedi paDhidaM (63), kammakadaM (64), logo (70), hiMDadi (75), gadiM (79), kAraNabhUdaM (93), logamettA (94), dedi, Nihada (111) ityaadi| ___ pAThAntaroM meM bhI zaurasenI prAkRta.ke madhyama tathA antya varNa 'ta' ko niyamita rUpa se 'da' hI upalabdha hotA hai| jaiseki-- 'paMcAstikAya' kI gAthA 33 meM do pATha milate haiM- pahAsayadi, pbhaasydi| donoM meM 'da' surakSita haiN| isIprakAra kudoci, kadAci meM madhyama 'da' barAbara hai| tathA saMskRta ke tavarga vargoM meM 'ta' ko 'da' samAna rUpa se zaurasenI prAkRta meM dekhA jAtA hai| yathA- idaraM>itaraM (37), aNaNNabhUdaM>ananyabhUtaM (40), samuvagado (76), bhaNido (77), savvado (79), kAraNabhUdaM (93), Thidi (93, 94), ThANaM (96), idi (102), Niyada (107), ede (109) aadi| kriyApadoM meM vartamAnakAlika anya puruSa ke saMskRta bhASA ke 'ti' pratyaya ke sthAna para zaurasenI prAkRta meM sarvatra 'di' pAyA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke liye- gadA (gatA: 71), vanAdi (vrajati 76), dedi (dadAti 99), muyadi (muMcati 110), gAhadi (gAhate 110), hada (hata: 111), karedi (karoti, 63, 95), gacchadi (gacchati 95), paDhidaM (93), hiMDadi (75), saMbhavadi (13, 14), kuNadi (21), lahadi (28), jAdi, pappodi (29), jIvadi (30), pahAsayadi (33), ciTThadi (34), jujjadi (37), uppAdedi (36), cedayadi (38), kuvvadi (53), bhaNidaM (60), samAdiyadi (samAdadAti 106) / prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 29

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zaurasenI prAkRta meM madhyama 'ka' ke lie sarvatra 'ga' hotA hai| jaiseki 'AkAza' ke lie 'AgAsa' (104) / isIprakAra 'avakAza' ke lie ogAsa (7), 'avagAsa' (gA0 99 ), 'ekatva' ke lie 'egatta', 'prakAzaka' ke lie 'pagAsaga' (gA0 57 ), 'loka' ke lie 'loga' (70, 98, 101) jAyadi ( gA0 86 ), pariNadaM (91), 'sAkAra' ke lie 'sAgAra' ityAdi / 'zeSaM zaurasenIvat' niyama ke anusAra prAkRta ke sabhI niyama jo zaurasenI prAkRta meM nirdiSTa haiM, unakA prayoga AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| ata: isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki prAcIna digambara Agama-granthoM kI racanA zaurasenI meM lagabhaga I0pU0 tRtIya zatAbdI ke pazcAt prathama AcArya bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI ke anantara AcArya guNadhara ke 'kasAyapAhuDasutta' se likhita dravyazruta kI racanA AcArya kundakunda AcArya dharasena ke ziSya puSpadanta - bhUtabalI ko prApta huI aura vahI avikalarUpa se zaurasenI bhASA ke mAdhyama se pravartamAna hai| 'zrutapaMcamI' ke pAvana parva para paNDitoM, vidvAnoM tathA svAdhyAyI sAdhu-santoM kA yaha mahAna dAyitva hai ki usa akhaNDa zruta kI rakSA kA saMkalpa kara tathA usa dizA meM preraNA kara 'jyeSTha zukla paMcamI tithi' ko sArthaka banAyeM / sandarbhagraMtha sUcI 1. bhagavata zaraNa upAdhyAya : guptakAla kA sAMskRtika itihAsa, lakhanaU, 1969, pR0 379 2. DaoN0 bI0esa0ela0 hanumantharAva: rilIjana ina AndhrA, tripurasundarI 1973, pR0 10 / 3. haridatta vedAlaMkAra : bhArata kA sAMskRtika itihAsa, dillI 1992, pR0 99 / 4. satyaketu vidyAlaMkAra : prAcIna bhArata, masUrI, 1981, pR0 307 5. puruSottamalAla bhArgava : prAcIna bhArata kA itihAsa, dillI 1992, pR0 251 / 6. draSTavya hai - hampA nAgarAjayyA kA lekha 'inphluensa oNpha prAkRta oNna kannaDa laiMgveja eNDa littrecr'| ena0ena0 bhaTTAcarya (saM0 ) : jainijma eNDa prAkRta ina enziyenTa eNDa meDikala iNDiyA, pR0 114 / 7. vAcaspati gairolA : bhAratIya saMskRti aura kalA, dvi0saM0, lakhanaU, pR0 334 / 8. bAlazauri reDDI : telugu sAhitya kA itihAsa, hindI samiti lakhanaU, dvi0saM0, pR0 23 / 9. rAmAsvAmI AyaMgara : sTaDIz2a oNpha sAutha iNDiyA ina jainijma, 1922, madrAsa, pR0 8-9 / 10. da klAsikala eja, bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, pR0 325,418 / 11. jI0e0 griyarsana : liMgvisTika sarve oNpha iNDiyA, jilda 1, bhA0 1, dillI / purnamudrita saMskaraNa 1967, pR0 123 / 12. saM0 DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI : 'bArasANurvekkhA' kI prastAvanA, pR0 43 / 13. paM0 kailAzacandra siddhAntAcArya : dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma, pR0 141 / 30 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000

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tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke siddhAMtoM kI prAsaMgikatA jainadharma ke 24veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra apane yuga ke mahAn vicAraka the| ve yugadraSTA mahApuruSa aura zreSTha dharmapravartaka the| jainadharma ke anusAra pratyeka tIrthaMkara dharma ke saMsthApaka na hokara mAtra dharmapravartaka hote haiN| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra' bhI aise hI dharmapravartaka the, jinhoMne apane pUrvavartI 23 tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA ko Age bddh'aayaa| ve citta kI zuddhatA, AcaraNa kI pavitratA tathA ina sabase Upara mAnavatA ke pracAraka the| Atmahita ke sAtha lokahita kA upadeza denA unakA vaiziSTya thaa| unhoMne dalita mAnavatA ke utthAna kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| unhoMne prANImAtra ke kalyANa kI bAta kii| unake siddhAMtoM meM nihita sArvajanIna evaM hitakArI bhAvanAoM ke kAraNa hI samantabhadrAcArya jI ne unake tIrtha ko sarvodaya tIrtha' kI saMjJA dI hai| unake siddhAMtoM kA prabhAva sArvatrika evaM sArvakAlika hai| vartamAna bhautikatA ke prati vyAmoha evaM ApAdhApI ke isa yuga meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke saMdeza hameM dizAbodha dene meM samartha haiN| unake siddhAMta sukha-zAMti kI cAha meM bhaTakatI pIr3hI ko zAMti kA pAna karAne meM sakSama haiN| mahAvIra' nirgrantha the, ve AMtarika evaM bAhya graMthi (gAMTha) se rahita the| "jisake bhItara aura bAhara graMthi nahIM rahI, jo bhItara-bAhara svaccha evaM nirmala ho, jisakI ahaMtA aura mamatA ni:zeSa ho gaI ho, vahI 'nirgrantha' kahalAtA hai|"' unake vicAra ahaMkAra aura mamatA se rahita (ni:zeSa) vyaktitva ke vicAra the| unakI soca racanAtmaka thI, cU~ki 'virodha se virodha utpanna hotA hai', ata: unhoMne virodhoM meM sAMmajasya kI bAta khii| unhoMne svayaM kabhI kisI kA virodha nahIM kiyA aura na hI kisI ke virodha yA niSedha kA vicAra diyaa| unhoMne virodhoM meM racanAtmaka rUpa se samanvayavAdI dRSTikoNa rakhA, vidhvaMsAtmaka nhiiN| jisameM TakarAva ke sthAna para ApasI saumanasya kA bhAva vidyamAna hai| unhoMne 'anekAnta' evaM 'syAdvAda' siddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyaa| ina siddhAMtoM se hameM sahiSNutApUrvaka samanvaya kA saMdeza milatA hai| pratyeka vastu meM aneka dharma (guNa) hote haiM, use aneka dRSTikoNoM se dekhanA va jAnanA 'anekAnta' hai| rAmadhArI siMha dinakara ke zabdoM meM - "anekAnta cintana kI ahiMsAmayI prakriyA kA nAma hai| ata: citta se pakSapAta kI durabhisaMdhi nikAlo aura dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ke viSaya prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 31

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ko bhI sahiSNutApUrvaka khojo / vaha bhI vahIM laharA rahA hai| 2 bhagavAn mahAvIra ne 'anekAnta' siddhAnta kA kathana karake vizvadharAtala para 'sarvadharmasamabhAva' kA Adarza udAharaNa prastuta kiyA / 'syAdvAda' siddhAnta anekAnta - cintana kI abhivyakti kI zailI hai / aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke kathana karane kI samIcIna paddhati hai, jo sAmaMjasya kI dyotaka hai / 'syAt' zabda sApekSAtmaka hai / sarvathA 'hI' ke sthAna para 'bhI' zabda ko bhI jor3atA hai| apanI dRSTi ko vizAla, vicAroM ko udAra, vANI ko AgrahahIna, niSpakSa evaM namra banAkara apanA sad- abhiprAya prakaTa karanA 'syAdvAda' hai| ' vartamAna meM eka rASTra ko dUsare rASTra se, eka rAjya ko dUsare rAjya se, eka samAja ko dUsare samAja se, eka parivAra ko dUsare parivAra se, yahA~ taka ki eka vyakti ko dUsare vyakti se jo virodha ApasI matabheda, haThavAditA, manamuTAva evaM TakarAva kA vAtAvaraNa bana rahA hai, use mahAmanA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke 'samanvayavAdI' vicAroM se hI rokA jA sakatA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke upadeza 'sarvakalyANa' kI bhAvanA se anuprANita haiN| sabhI prANiyoM ke hita kI bhAvanA yA kAmanA unake saMdeza kA mUlabhAva hai| unakA bhavakalyANasaMbaMdhI vicAra vizeSa varga, jAti varNa, deza aura samaya kI sImAoM se pare hai| unakA upadeza sabake lie hai| usameM sabake hita aura sukha kI bhAvanA samAhita hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra zreSTha dArzanika the / unhoMne mAnavIya soca ke kaI nae mAnadaMDa sthApita kie| ahiMsA kA darzana (vicAra) unameM se eka hai| unhoMne ahiMsA ke vicAra ko vistRta phalaka para vyAkhyAyita kiyA / yaha vizva kA zreSTha darzana hai / yaha jAti, varga, saMpradAya se Upara uThA atyaMta vyApaka vicAra hai| isakA mUla lakSya mAnava kI vyAvahArika dharAtala kI viSamatAoM kA zamanakara eka aisI jamIna ko taiyAra karanA hai, jisameM kevala prema aura vizvAsa kI phasala lahalahA ske| unhoMne 'Atmavat sarvabhUteSu' kA udghoSa kiyaa| unakA mAnanA thA ki "pratyeka AtmA meM amRtatva kI zakti pracchannarUpa se vidyamAna hai| pratyeka AtmA apanI yaha zakti prakaTa kara sakatI hai| eka AtmA ko sukha-du:kha kI jaisI anubhUti hotI hai, vaisI hI anya AtmA kI bhI hotI hai / " Atmika jur3Ava se anusyUta 'jiyo aura jIne do' unakA sUtra - vAkya thA / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne ahiMsA kI bhAvabhUmi para saMsthita 'sattveSu maitrI' kA saMdeza diyA, jisameM prANImAtra ke prati maitrIbhAva rakhane kI bhAvanA samAhita hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA (zarIra) se kucha bhI aisA mata karo, jisase dUsaroM ko pIr3A ho, unakA akalyANa yA ahita ho| vartamAna meM bar3hatI huI hiMsaka pravRtti, dayA - rahita pariNAma, baira-virodha, ghRNA, vaimanasyatA evaM amAnavIya soca ko ahiMsA kI zakti (bhAvanA) ke dvArA badalA jA sakatA hai| unakI ahiMsA meM prakRti ke sUkSma jIva ke prati bhI dayAbhAva vidyamAna hai| unhoMne na 32 prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000

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kevala AcAra, varan vicAroM ke kSetra meM bhI ahiMsA kI bAta kahI hai| "itihAsakAra bhI yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki vaidika brAhmaNoM ko mahAvIra kI ahiMsA aura jIvana siddhAMtoM se prabhAvita hokara yajJa-yAgAdi kA rUpa badalanA pdd'aa| usake bAda jo vaidika-sAhitya nirmita huA, usameM 'jJAnayajJa' ko pramukhatA dI gaI, 'karmayajJa' ko mahattva diyA gayA aura Adhibhautika svaroM ke sthAna para AdhyAtmika svara gUMjane lge| AcAra aura vicAra donoM meM hI 'ahiMsA' ko mAnyatA dI gii|"" rASTrapitA mahAtmA gA~dhI bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 'ahiMsA' darzana se prabhAvita hue the| unhoMne bhagavAn mahAvIra kI ahiMsaka, tyAgapUrNa jIvana zailI evaM sadvicAroM ko caritArtha kiyA thaa| bhArata ke saMvidhAna kI mUlaprati ke mukhapRSTha para caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra' kA digambara mudrA meM dhyAnastha-citra aMkita hai| usameM ullikhita hai"Vardhamana Mahavir, the 24th Tirthankara in a meditative posture, another illustration from the Calligraphed edition of the Constitution of India. Jainism is another stream of spiritual renaissance which seeks to refine and sublimate man's conduct and emphasises Ahimsa, nonviolence, as the means to achieve it. This became a potent weapon in the hands of Mahatma Gandhi in his political struggle against the British Empire" "jainamata AdhyAtmika punarjAgaraNa kI eka viziSTa dhArA hai, jo ki manuSya ke AcAra-vicAra ko udAtta banAne ke sAtha-sAtha isakI prApti ke lie ahiMsA para bala detA hai| ahiMsA mahAtmA gA~dhI ke hAthoM meM briTiza sAmrAjya se rAjanaitika saMgharSa karane meM sazakta astra bnii|" mahAtmA gA~dhI ne ahiMsA ke bala para bhArata ko gulAmI se mukta karAyA aura vizva stara para parAdhIna rASTroM meM bhI isI zastra ke dvArA svAdhInatA kI cetanA jAgRta kii| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA vilakSaNa vyaktitva thaa| ve vizeSa jJAna-jyoti se sampanna the| unake siddhAMta 'AtmavAda' para AdhArita the| ve AtmA kI anaMta zaktiyoM para vizvAsa karate the| unhoMne Atmika zakti kA paricaya pAne ke lie puruSArtha' para bala diyaa| unhoMne AtmA ko apanA carama evaM parama utkarSa karane kA AtmavizvAsa jgaayaa| jisase manuSya apane puruSArtha ke mAdhyama se aMtara meM baiThe Izvaratva ko pA sakatA hai|" jo apane Apako pA letA hai, vahI Izvara bana jAtA hai|"" vAstava meM, "Izvara una zaktiyoM kA uccatama zAlInatama aura pUrNatama vyaktIkaraNa hai, jo manuSya kI AtmA meM nihita hotI hai| karmavAdI tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA mAnanA hai ki "acche-bure karma evaM unake pariNAma ke liye AtmA svayaM uttaradAyI hai|" unhoMne sampUrNa mAnava-jAti ko aise karma prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 33

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karane ke liye prerita kiyA, jinameM sAmAjika vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha Atmika vikAsa kA bhAva nihita ho| unhoMne manuSya ko zAMti, vikAsa aura mokSa (mukti) prApti kA patha prazasta kiyA, jo vAstava meM bAhara se bhItara kI yAtrA' kA mArga hai| jo satya, niSThA, lokakalyANa Adi mArgoM se hote huye 'aMtara (bhItara) ke 'Atma-sAkSAtkAra' kA rAstA hai| isake dvArA unhoMne janamAnasa ko svAvalambana tathA svAdhInabhAva kA mahattva smjhaayaa| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne manuSya ko pApa-karmoM meM pravRtta na hone kI salAha dii| 'ghRNA pApa se karo, pApI se nahIM' --yaha unakA siddhAnta-vAkya hai| isake dvArA unhoMne manuSya ko duSkarmoM se bacane kI bAta khii| sAtha hI pApI (bure) vyakti ko bhI cAritrika zuddhi ke dvArA utthAna kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| unakI dRSTi meM vaha vyakti sudhAra ke pazcAt sAmAjikarUpa se tiraskRta yA upekSA kA pAtra nahIM hai| unakA anya siddhAMta hai--"manuSya janma se nahIM, karma se mahAn banatA hai|" yaha sUtravAkya vyakti ko uccakarma karane ke lie prerita karatA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM karma kI zreSThatA hI mahAnatA kA mApadaNDa hai| jisake karma zreSTha haiM, vaha vyakti mahAn (ucca) hai| satkarmoM ke dvArA koI bhI vyakti mahAn bana sakatA hai| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA yaha vicAra una manuSyoM ke dambha ko tor3atA hai, jo janma se kulIna hokara nikRSTa kAryoM meM saMlagna haiN| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne 'aparigraha' tathA 'parigraha-parimANavata' kA upadeza diyaa| apanI AvazyakatAoM ko kama se kama karo, dhana saMgraha kI lAlasA para aMkuza rakho aura use sImA meM bA~dha do, yaha parigraha parimANa vrata' hai| manuSya kI icchAyeM asIma va anaMta hotI haiN| unakI pUrti ke lie ve anyAya, atyAcAra evaM anucita sAdhanoM kA prayoga karate haiN| vartamAna samaya meM jIvana kI ApAdhApI tathA rAjanaitika evaM Arthika kSetra meM bar3he hue bhraSTAcAra ko rokane meM 'aparigraha' yA 'sImita sampatti kA siddhAnta' amogha-astra sAbita ho sakatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne striyoM kI svataMtratA para jora diyaa| unhoMne dhArmika kSetra meM bhI striyoM ko carama AtmotthAna ke liye dizAbodha diyaa| unake 'nArI svAtaMtrya' ke vicAroM se prerita hokara striyoM ne unake samavazaraNa meM AryikA (sAdhvI) dIkSA lekara saMsAra baMdhana se mukti kA mArga apnaayaa| AryikA caMdanA' ko unake samavazaraNa' meM prathama 'gaNinI AryikA banane kA gaurava prApta huaa| Aja saMpUrNa vizva bhI anubhava karane lagA hai ki nArI ke sahayoga ke binA saMsAra kI vAstavika pragati nahIM hai| nArI-sahayoga ko lekara vizva rASTra stara para banAI gaI saMsthAyeM isakA jIvanta pramANa hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 'jIva-sAmya' ke siddhAnta ne yugAMtakArI parivartana kiyaa| unhoMne vizvastara para manuSyoM ke bIca viSamatA kI khAI pATakara unheM samatA (samAnatA) ke dharAtala para upasthita kiyaa| 10 34 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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unhoMne 'prakRticakra ke mahattva' ko pratipAdita kiyA tathA prakRti ke sAtha mAnava kA AtmIya saMbaMdha jor3e jAne para bala diyA hai| unakA yaha vicAra 'paryAvaraNa saMrakSaNa' kI dRSTi se atyaMta prAsaMgika hai / yadi isa vicAra kI upekSA kI jAtI hai, to usake dUragAmI pariNAmoM ko bhogane ke liye mAnava-jAti abhizapta hogI / tAtparya yaha hai ki mahAvIra tIrthaMkara yA upadezaka hI nahIM, svayaM eka jIvana-zailI hai| yaha jIvana-zailI kharI, anubhUta AtmaciMtana se mathI zailI hai / isa kAraNa vaha kathanI-karanI ke aMtara se pare adhika vizvasanIya adhika vyAvahArika hai / vartamAna mAnava ke jaTila jIvana ke saMdarbha meM mahAvIra kI yaha jIvana-paddhati pratikSaNa vareNya hai| yadi hama vAstavika sukha-zAMti kI kAmanA karanA cAhate haiM, to isa jIvana-zailI ke alAvA duniyA kA koI bhI aisA vikalpa nahIM hai, jo hameM apanA apekSita mahattva de ske| bhautika vikAsa ke carama sukhoM ko bhoga cuke yUropIya dezoM ke loga Aja jisa yoga, dhyAna, zAMti kI kakSAoM kI khoja meM ghUma rahe haiM, unheM vAstavika sukha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI isa jIvana-zailI se mila sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne to jIvana ko sarala aura sahajabhAva se jIne kA mArga Aja se varSoM pahale khola diyA thA / aba dekhanA yaha hai ki hamArI dRSTi usa mArga para kaba par3atI hai aura kaba hama (mAnava-jAti) apane amUlya jIvana ko sArthaka kara sakate haiM / saMdarbhagraMtha sUcI 1. jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa (bhAga - eka ), balabhadra jaina, pRSTha 374 / 2. saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya, rAmadhArI siMha dinakara, pR0 153 / 3. jaina viSaya-vastu se saMbaddha Adhunika mahAkAvyoM meM sAmAjika cetanA (zodha-prabaMdha) zrImatI suzIlA sAlagIthA, pR0 23 1 4. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa ( bhAga 1 ), balabhadra jaina, pR0 381-382 / 5. prAkRtavidyA (traimAsikI zodha patrikA), aktUbara-disambara 1997, AvaraNa pRsstth| 6. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA ( bhAga 1 ), DaoN0 nemicaMdra jaina / 7. bhAratIya sabhyatA tathA saMskRti kA vikAsa, bI0ena0 lUniyA, pR0 102 | vAk-nigraha ko vrata mAnA hai "bhAsaM viNayavihUNaM, dhammavirohI vivajjade vayaNaM / pucchidamapucchidaM vA Na vi te bhAsati sappurisA / / " - ( AcArya kundakunda, mUlAcAra 8/88 ) artha:- ve satyapuruSa vinayahIna bhASA nahIM bolate haiM / jo dharma se sammata aura avirodhinI hotI hai, vahI bhASA ve (muni) bolate haiN| ** prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000 35

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'NamokAra maMtra' kIjApa-saMrakhyA aura paMca-taMtrI vINA -jayacandra zarmA isa mahAmaMtra ke pratyeka akSara meM daivika zakti hai| akSara-zakti se samasta saMsAra kA vyApAra calatA hai| akSara cAhe kisI bhI bhASA ke hoM, ve zaktivihIna nahIM haiN| akSaroM kA jaba uccAraNa karate haiM, taba eka prakAra kI dhvani utpanna hotI hai| usa dhvani meM komalatA, madhuratA evaM kaThoratA ke bhAva pAye jAte haiN| maMtra ke jApa meM komalatA evaM madhuratA ke bhAva hone para hI usakA prabhAva hotA hai| mukha se madhura dhvani ke sAtha maMtra ko pragaTa kiyA aura antarAvasthA meM kaThoratA ke bhAva bhare haiM, aisI bhAvanA ko samApta karane ke lakSya se RSiyoM, manISiyoM ne maMtroM kI jApa-saMkhyA adhikAdhika arthAt lAkhoM evaM karor3oM taka kA ullekha kiyA hai| akSarAMka-zakti kA upayoga cetana evaM acetana padArthoM ke prabhAva ko jAnane ke liye kiyA jAtA hai| yogI evaM vaijJAnika apane viSayoM kI gaharAI taka pahu~cane ke liye akSarAMka-zakti kA sahArA lete haiN| una dhvaniyoM meM rasa hai, raMga hai aura paramAtmA se sAkSAtkAra karAne kI abhUtapUrva zakti hai| isa zakti ko prApta karane kI dRSTi se prAcIna RSi-muniyoM ne maMtra, yaMtra evaM taMtra vidyAoM ko AdhAra mAnA hai| maMtra-vidyA' sat-guNa pradhAna hai| ata: maMtra ke jApa se AtmA meM komalatA ke bhAva utpanna hote haiM, jo bhagavAn ko bhI priya haiN| mahAmaMtra kA jApa kitanI saMkhyA meM kiyA jAye, usakA phala ukta saMkhyAoM kI zakti anusAra jApakartA ko hogaa| kisa lAbha ke liye kitane jApa kiye jAyeM, isa saMbaMdha meM jaina sAhitya evaM vidvAnoM ke lekhoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAnA apekSita hai| jApa kI saMkhyAoM kI jAnakArI ke saMbaMdha meM do prakAra ke vidhi-vidhAna kA AdhAra liyA jAye, to vaijJAnika dRSTi se apramANika nahIM mAne jA skte| prathama prakAra 'guNottara-praNAlI' evaM dvitIya prakAra hai 'akssraaNk-prnnaalii|' guNottara-praNAlI - mahAmaMtra ke pratyeka pada ke akSaroM kA guNA kreN| jaise Namo arihaMtANaM', isa pada meM sAta akSara haiN| inakI sAta saMkhyAoM kA guNanaphala nikAleM 1x2x3x4x5x6x7%D5040 0036 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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jApa meM OM kA upayoga karate haiM, to eka aMka bar3ha jAtA hai; isa AThaveM aMka ko uparyukta saMkhyA se guNA karane para nimna saMkhyA prApta hogI 5040x8 = 40320 dvitIya meM pA~ca akSara haiM - 'Namo siddhAMNa' / isakA guNanaphala 1x2x3x4x5 = 120 tRtIya pada 'Namo AyariyANaM' ke sAta akSara haiN| isakA guNanaphala ___1x2x3x4x5x6x7 = 5040 caturtha pada 'Namo uvajjhAyANaM' ke bhI sAta akSara haiN| isakA guNanaphala 1x2x3x4x5x6x7 = 5040 aMtima pAMcaveM pada 'Namo loe savva sAhUNaM' meM nau akSara haiN| isakA guNanaphala ___1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9 = 362880 uparyukta pA~coM padoM kI saMkhyAoM kA jo yoga Aye, mahAmaMtra kA jApa utanA kiyA jaaye| pA~coM saMkhyAoM kA yoga-40320+120+5040+5040+362880 = 373400 tIna lAkha tahettara hajAra cAra sau jApa karanevAle vyakti ko svAsthyalAbha, putralAbha, dhanalAbha, samAja meM yazalAbha Adi nizcita hogA- isameM sandeha nhiiN| akSarAMka-vidhi - mahAmaMtra ke pratyeka pada ke akSaroM ko mAtRkAoM ke anusAra kramAnusAra likhane para jo saMkhyA Aye vaha saMkhyA maMtra jApa se hone vAle lAbha se saMbaMdhita hogii| akSaroM kI saMkhyA hindI varNamAlA' ke 16 svara 'a' se 'aM' taka, 'ka-varga' se 'pa-varga' taka ke vyaMjana evaM 'ya' se 'ha' taka ke vargoM ke AdhAra para prastuta kI jaaye| jaise Namo meM 'Na' kA akSara 'Ta-varga' kA pA~cavA~ akSara evaM 'mo' kA 'ma' akSara 'pa-varga' kA pA~cavA~ akSara hai| Namo zabda kI saMkhyA 55 huii| arihaMtANaM kI saMkhyA meM a-1, ri-2, haM-4, tA-1, aura Na-5 ke aMka haiN| pUre pada kI saMkhyA huI 5512415 pacapana lAkha bAraha hajAra cAra sau pndrh| pA~coM padoM kI saMkhyA evaM yoga krama saM0 pada akSara saMkhyA saMkhyAoM kA yoga 1. Namo arihaMtANaM 5512415 = 23=2+3 = 5 2. ' Namo siddhANaM 55345 = 22%32+2=4 3. Namo AiriyANaM 5521215 = 21%2+1=3 4. Namo uvajjhAyANaM 5554415 = 29=2+9 = 11 = 1+ 1 = 2 5. Namo loesavvasAhUNaM 553234345 = 34=3+4 = 7 uparyukta padoM meM sabase kama saMkhyA 55345 dvitIya pada kI hai| pada saMkhyA pA~ca ke aMkoM kI saMkhyA pacapana karor3a, battIsa lAkha, cauMtIsa hajAra, tIna sau, paiMtAlIsa hai| jo prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 37

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anya padoM kI saMkhyAoM se bahuta adhika haiN| lAbha - 1. dvitIya pada kI saMkhyAnusAra mahAmaMtra kA jApa karane se mana sthira hogA, dhArmika bhAva jAgRta hoMge aura AtmA ko zAMti milegii| 2. Namo arihaMtANaM dvArA utpanna saMkhyAoM ke jApa se svAsthyalAbha, tRtIya pada kI saMkhyAoM kA jApa karane se dhana, lAbha caturtha pada kI saMkhyAoM kA jApa karane se vaMzavRddhi (putralAbha) tathA paMcama pada kI saMkhyA kA jApa karane se mokSa honA nizcita hai| pA~coM padoM ke saMkhyAoM kA yoga krama 5, 4,3, 2, 7 hai| isa saMkhyA kA yoga 21 = 2 + 1 = 3 banatA hai| 3 kA aMka dvitIya pada evaM paMcama pada kI saMkhyA ke madhya meM hai| paMcama pada kI saMkhyA meM 3 kA aMka tIna sthAnoM para hai| unakA akSara tIna-tIna aMkoM kI dUrI para hai| ata: isa aMka kA mahattva aMkana-praNAlI meM sarvAdhika hai| ___ mahAmaMtra ke akSara saMkhyAoM meM eka se pA~ca ke aMka haiN| pratyeka pada kA prathama evaM aMtima aMka bhI pA~ca hI hai| pA~ca kI saMkhyA meM pA~ca tattva, mahAmaMtra ke pA~ca pada, paMca parameSThI, paMca taMtrI-vINA, pA~ca prakAra kI vAyu, pA~ca devI-devatAoM Adi kI jAnakArI milatI hai| tIna kA aMka dvitIya evaM paMcama pada ke atirikta anya padoM kI saMkhyAoM meM nahIM hai| sabase kama evaM sabase adhika saMkhyA vAle ina padoM ke aMkoM dvArA dhvani-zakti se komalatA evaM madhuratA-saMbaMdhI jAnakArI milatI hai, usa para Age prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| pratyeka akSara meM tIna prakAra kI dhvaniyA~ pAyI jAtI haiM-- udAtta, anudAtta evaM svarita / dhvaniyoM ke AdhAra para una dhvaniyoM ke guNa, svabhAva, pramANAdi kI jAnakArI milatI hai| una dhvaniyoM kA saMkhyAoM se bhI sambandha haiN| komala dhvani kA jaba prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, taba ukta dhvani ke antarAla meM saMvAdAtmaka dhvani ke sahayoga se madhura dhvani (svayaMbhU-nAda) utpanna hotI hai| ukta dhvani ko yogI hI sunate haiM, jise anAhata nAda kahA jAtA hai| akSarAMka vidhi ke AdhAra para mahAmaMtra kA dvitIya pada vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai| pada kI saMkhyA - 55345 kA yoga 22 hai| ___ nAda-vizeSa arthAt samudhura nAda kI bAIsa dhvaniyA~ mAnava ke zarIra (kAyapiNDa) meM bAIsa nAr3iyoM meM sthita hai, jinheM 'zruti' kahate haiN| una zrutiyoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara una para saMgIta ke sapta svaroM ko manISiyoM ne sthApita kiyA hai| saMgItakalA kA prabhAva zrutiyoM ke svabhAvAnusAra hotA hai| mahAmaMtra ke pratyeka pada ke akSaroM ko prabhAvita karane kA kArya 'zruti' karatI hai| 'nAda' kA yaha sUkSma svarUpa 'anAhata nAda' se saMbaMdha sthApita karAtA hai| ukta pada meM 'tIna' kA aMka madhya sthAna para hai| yaha aMka tIna loka, saMgIta ke tIna grAma (Sar3aja, madhyama, gaMdhAra grAma), tIna laya, tIna nAr3iyA~ (ir3A, piMgalA, suSuptA) Adi kI jAnakArI 00 38 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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karAtA hai| cAra ke aMka se cAra gati, cAra dizAyeM, mUlAdhAra kamaladala kI cAra paMkhur3iyA~, usa para sthita cAra akSara, cAra mAtrAyeM Adi kI jAnakArI milatI hai| Namo siddhANaM meM 'sa' aura 'dha' donoM akSara saMgIta ke svara bhI haiN| sA (Sar3aja ) kI cAra zrutiyAM evaM 'dha' (dhaivata) kI tIna zrutiyA~ haiN| tIna evaM cAra ke aMka ukta pada meM bhI haiN| Sar3aja svara acala hai, usI prakAra siddha (sAdhaka) bhI acala hai / 'sA' kA sthAna chaMdovatI zruti para evaM 'dha' kA sthAna 'ramyA' nAmaka zruti para hai / 'chaMdovatI' kA artha hai chaMdabaddha, kavitri evaM chedana karanevAlI tathA 'ramyA' kA artha hai sundara / mahAmaMtra, chaMdavRddha, sundara evaM DI ko jAgRta karanevAlA hai| chaMdovatI kA sthAna mAnava zarIra meM nAbhi hai / isa zruti se pUrva tIvrA, kumudratI, mandA nAmaka tIna zrutiyAM 'SaDaja svara' se saMbaMdhita haiM / tIvrA kA saMbaMdha 'mUlAdhAra cakra' se hai / 'chaMdovatI' kI dhvani Sar3aja svara jo oMkArasvarUpa 'OM' hai, mandA tathA kumudranI kI dhvaniyoM kA chedana karatI huI tIvrA ko prabhAvita karatI hai| tIvrA kA artha teja evaM prakAza hai| ata: tIvrA ke teja prakAza se kuNDalinI jAgrata hotI hai / NamokAra mahAmaMtra meM 'Namo' zabda kA uccAraNa oMkArasvarUpa hai / 'ra' hRdaya taMtrI ko jhaMkRta karatA hai aura 'mo' madhura dhvani ke kAraNa 'OM' kI dhvani ko dhAraNa kara letA hai / hindI varNamAlA kA yaha 25vAM vyaJjana hai| 25 kA yoga 2 + 5 = 7 hai| sAta svaroM meM sUrya kI sapta razmiyoM kA prabhAva hone se paMcataMtrI vINA (kAyapiNDa ) kI jhaMkAra kA Ananda sAdhu-saMta evaM yogI prApta karate haiM / sAMsArika vyakti moha-mAyA ke cakkara meM phaMsA rahane se vaha maMtra - sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se kSaNika lAbha ke lakSya se maMtra kA jApa karatA hai, use lAbha avazya hotA hai; para vaha paMca taMtrI vINA kI jhaMkAra kA Ananda nahIM le sakatA / kyoMki mahAmaMtra ke pA~coM pada paMcatattvoM se sambandhita haiM / sampUrNa maMtra meM AkAzatatva- 17, vAyutattva-7, jalatattva-5, agnitattva - 2 aura pRthvItattva - 4 haiN| kucha vidvAnoM ne AkAzatattva kI saMkhyA 12 mAnI hai| unhoMne 'Namo' zabda ko mizrita kara Akazatattva kI saMkhyA eka mAnI hai; jabaki 'Na' aura 'ma' dhvani ke raMga, vAra evaM rAzi pRthak-pRthak haiN| uparyukta tattvoM kI saMkhyAoM ke anusAra vINA vAdya para 17 sundariyoM (parade) para sapta svaroM ko darzAyA jAtA hai| 5 kA artha hai paMcama kA tAra, 2 kA artha jor3e ke nAda aura 'ma' kA artha madhyama svara arthAt bAja kA tAra se saMbaMdha banAtA hai / ata: mahAmaMtra ke pAMcoM pada taMtrI-vINA ke anurUpa haiM / vINA kA yaha bAhyarUpa nahIM hai; isakA saMbaMdha antarAtmA se hai / - ( sAbhAra uddhRta : arhat vacana, varSa 12, aMka 2, pRSTha 45-48 ) sandarbha 1. saMgIta - rtnaakr| 2. bhAratIya zruti-s - svara - rAgazAstra / 3. nAda - yog| 4. OM nAda - brahma (marAThI patrikA) / 5. amRta kalaza / 6. samasyA samAdhAna patrikA / 7. saMgIta - mAsika / prAkRtavidyA [ apraila-jUna '2000 0039

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yazasvI suta ke pAvana saMsmaraNa ' -pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina san 1954 ke disambara mAsa kI ghaTanA hai, maiM kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se 'ema0e0' tathA 'zAstrAcArya' kI upAdhi prAptakara kisI sarvisa kI khoja ke liye vyagra thaa| zraddheya sAhU zAntiprasAda jI ke AdarAspada vidvAn pro0 (paM0) pannAlAla jI dharmAlaMkAra (mAlathauna) se maiMne apanI vyAkulatA batalAI aura unhoMne mujhe tatkAla hI eka patra dekara zraddheya sAhU zAntiprasAda jI ke pAsa kalakattA bheja diyaa| usa samaya 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' kA pradhAna kAryAlaya kalakattA meM thaa| tathA sAhU jI saparivAra vahIM nivAsa karate the| maiM sahamA-sahamA sAhU jI ke kAryAlaya (11 klAiva ro) meM pahu~cA aura paNDitajI kA vaha patra unheM dekara unake cehare ke bhAvoM ko par3hane kA prayatna karane lgaa| unhoMne kucha vicAra kara mujhe agale dina apane nivAsa sthAna (alIpura ror3a) para puna: milane kA Adeza diyaa| AzA evaM nirAzA ke dvandva meM DUbatA-utarAtA huA agale dina maiM unake AvAsa para phuNcaa| apanI painI dRSTi se mere antarbAhya kA parIkSaNa kara unhoMne mujhe apane jyeSTha putra sAhU azoka kumAra jI ke pAsa bhejaa| sAhU azoka jI se yahI merI prathama pahicAna-bheMTa thii| Ayu meM kucha samakakSa hone tathA unakA svabhAva kucha mRdula, saMvedanazIla tathA ha~samukha rahane ke kAraNa mujhe aisA vizvAsa hone lagA ki maiM apanI pratibhA se unheM prabhAvita kara lU~gA tathA mujhe unake yahA~ kisI vibhAga meM sarvisa bhI mila jaayegii| sAkSAtkAra ke rUpa meM azoka jI ne sabase pahale merA pArivArika paricaya puuchaa| puna: mere vidyArthIkAla meM vizeSajJa vidvAnoM ke sAtha mere samparkoM kI jAnakArI lekara mere nibandhAdi lekhana ke anubhava tathA merI abhiruciyoM ke viSaya puuche| usa samaya maiM yahI anubhava kara rahA thA ki ina praznoM ke mAdhyama se azoka jI mere saMskAroM, niSThAoM, prakRti, caritra evaM pravRttiyoM kA parIkSaNa kara rahe the| saMskRta, prAkRta bhASAoM tathA jainadharma ke mUlagranthoM kI jAnakArI bhI mujhase pUchI aura unhoMne mujhe kucha aisA AbhAsa diyA ki ve sarvisa ke lie merA nAma sAhU zAntiprasAda ke liye anuzaMsita karane jA rahe haiN| unhoMne mujhe agale dina hI jJAnapITha kAryAlaya meM apane pUjya pitA jI se milane kI salAha dii| 0040 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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agale dina maiM puna: jJAnapITha kAryAlaya meM jAkara zraddheya sAha jI se milaa| unhoMne atyanta snehapUrvaka mujhe niyukti-patra dilavA diyA, jisake anusAra mujhe jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita 'jJAnodaya' (mAsika, sacitra-patrikA) ke sampAdaka-kAryAlaya meM kArya karanA thaa| 'jJAnodaya' apane samaya kI hindI-jagat kI eka uccastarIya pratiSThita patrikA ke rUpa meM prasiddha thii| usake lekhoM kA sampAdana, una para TippaNiyA~, viziSTa stambhoM ke liye sAmagrI saMcita kara TippaNiyoM kA lekhana, kaviyoM evaM lekhakoM se patrAcAra evaM patrikA prakAzana sambandhI kAryoM ke liye mujhe adhikRta kiyA gyaa| ukta jimmedAriyoM ke atirikta eka jimmedArI merI yaha bhI thI ki saptAha meM do dina mujhe sAhU jI ke AvAsa para jAnA par3atA thaa| sAhU-parivAra prArambha se hI svAdhyAyazIla evaM vidyArasika thaa| sAhU azoka jI para apane mAtA-pitA ke saMskAroM kI gaharI chApa thii| unakI apanI AvAsIya lAyabrerI bhI thI, jisameM uccakoTi ke prAya: sabhI bhASAoM evaM dharmoM ke grantha evaM jarnala Adi the, jinakI saMkhyA 7-8 hajAra ke lagabhaga rahI hogii| usakI vyavasthA evaM saMvardhana kArya bhI mere jimme thaa| sAhU azoka jI niyamitarUpa se lAyabrerI meM baiThate the| ve bhAratIya itihAsa, jaina saMskRti, sAhitya, siddhAnta, AcAra, adhyAtma jaise viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA karate the aura maiM bhI unakI icchA ke anurUpa sandarbha khojakara unake jJAnArjana meM sahAyatA kiyA karatA thaa| unake sammukha eka sarvisamaina ke atirikta yadyapi merI koI haisiyata na thI, phira bhI maiMne dekhA ki ve kitane sahRdaya, samabhAvI tathA kitane kadradA~ the aura vidvattA ke liye kitanA Adara-sammAna diyA karate the| kintu yaha krama adhika dinoM taka na cala skaa| kalakattA kA bhIr3abharA ativyasta jIvana mujhe pasanda nahIM aayaa| vastuta: maiM kisI kaoNleja yA yUnivarsiTI meM prAdhyApaka hone ke svapna saMjAye hue thaa| usa saMkalpanA ke Age patrakAritA athavA kisI kAryAlaya meM kevala kalama-ghisAI karate rahane meM merI vizeSa ruci nahIM thii| saMyoga se mujhe madhyapradeza ke eka gavarnameMTa kaoNleja meM prAdhyApakI mila jAne ke kAraNa maiM 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' kI sarvisa chor3akara jaba madhyapradeza Ane lagA, taba zraddheya azoka jI ne kucha vizeSa AzvAsana dekara mujhe rokane kA prayatna kiyA; kintu maiM na ruka sakA aura unheM tathA zraddheya sAhU jI ko praNAmakara unakI sahamati tathA svIkRti lekara calA aayaa| dIrghAntarAla ke bAda bhI maiMne dekhA ki sAhU azoka jI nirantara hI mere prati snehAdara kA bhAva rakhate rhe| jaba bhI maiM apanI koI samasyA lekara unake pAsa AyA, unhoMne use prAthamikatA ke sAtha saharSa pUrNa kiyaa| san 1980 ke AsapAsa eka bAra unhoMne apanI icchA vyakta kI ki bhArata kI pramukha jaina-saMsthAoM evaM zodha-saMsthAnoM kI gatividhiyoM kI jAnakArI ekatrita kI jaay| isake liye unhoMne mujhe eka riporTa apane sujhAvoM ke sAtha bhejane kA anurodha prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0041

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kiyaa| saMsthAnoM se patrAcAra kara tathA unake kAryakalApoM ko ekatrita kara riporTa taiyAra karane meM kucha samaya avazya laga gayA; kintu jaba maiMne taiyAra kara apane sujhAvoM ke sAtha use unheM preSita kI, to turanta hI usakI prApti-sUcanA dete hue unhoMne bar3A AbhAra maanaa| usa samaya dillI ke 'mahAvIra-memoriyala' kA nirmANa kArya sampanna huA hI thA aura usako ve antarrASTriya stara ke zodha evaM sandarbha-kendra ke rUpa meM vikasita karanA cAhate the, kintu jahA~ taka mujhe jAnakArI hai kucha antarvirodhoM yA anya kinhIM kAraNoM se ve sambhavata: vaisA nahIM kara ske| 'prAkRta zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI' kI sthiti san 1980 ke dazaka meM cintAjanaka ho rahI thii| ve use eka unnata evaM pUrNa vikasita rASTriya stara ke prAkRta evaM jaina zodha-saMsthAna ke rUpa meM dekhanA cAhate the; kintu bihAra kI giratI rAjanaitika sthiti ke kAraNa ve cAhakara bhI usake vikAsa ke liye kucha na kara pAye, unheM isakA atyanta du:kha rhaa| zraddheya sAhU zAntiprasAda jI ke du:khada nidhana ke bAda kucha aisA anubhava hone lagA thA ki unake rikta-sthAna kI pUrti lagabhaga asambhava hai| kintu sAhU azoka jI ne sambhavata: unakI dAha-kriyA ke samaya yaha saMkalpa liyA thA ki pitAjI ke nidhana ke bAda ve unake adhUre kAryoM ko pUrNa karane kA prayatna kreNge| aura, isameM sandeha nahIM ki cAhe sAmAjika gaurava-kI abhivRddhi kA prazna ho, cAhe jaina tIrthoM kI surakSA kA prazna ho, cAhe jaina-pratibhAoM ke vikAsa kA prazna ho yA jinavANI ke uddhAra kA prazna ho, unhoMne hara prakAra se unakI pragati evaM vikAsa kI dizA meM anavarata kArya karate rhe| sAhU azoka jI prArambha se hI svAdhyAyazIla evaM Atmacintaka the| AyuSyavRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha unakI yaha pravRtti gaharAtI hI gii| ve paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke parama bhakta the| ve unake darzanoM ke liye nirantara hI vyagra rahA karate the aura unheM jaba bhI samaya milatA, ve prAta:kAla kundakunda bhAratI athavA jahA~ kahIM bhI AcAryazrI virAjamAna rahate, vahA~ Akara pUjya AcAryazrI ke caraNasparza karate aura apanI kucha AdhyAtmika, aitihAsika yA sAmAjika utthAna-sambandhI zaMkAyeM unake sammukha samAdhAna-hetu prastuta krte| aise prasaMgoM meM mujhe bhI kabhI-kabhI unake sAtha baiThane kA saubhAgya milatA rhaa| eka bAra azoka jI bahuta hI pramudita mudrA meM the| unhoMne AcAryazrI se prazna kiyA ki "rahasyavAda kyA hai?" AcAryazrI ne usI mudrA meM uttara bhI diyA aura kahA ki "rahasyavAda hai gUMge kA gur3a" / isa sahaja praznottarI se mAnoM ha~sI kA eka phavvArA hI phUTa pdd'aa| bAda meM AcAryazrI ne svAnubhUti kI gaharAIpUrvaka eka catura citere kI bhA~ti AtmA 0042 prAkRtavidyA- apraila-jUna '2000

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aura zarIra ke bheda-vijJAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA aura batalAyA ki jaina rahasyavAdI dhArA meM zuddhAtmabhAvoM ke ananta-vaibhava ke sAtha jJAna kI akhaNDa vyApakatA vidyamAna rahatI hai| jaba bhedAnubhUti dvArA zarIra aura AtmA kI pRthaktA spaSTa ho jAtI hai, to AtmA zuddha paramatattva meM lIna ho jAtI hai| isI prasaMga meM unhoMne apanI svaviracita kavitA ke eka padya kA sasvara pATha karate hue AtmA ke pratIka mAne jAne vAle haMsa, zuddhajJAna ke liye prayukta dIpaka, ajJAna ke pratIka timira, zarIra ke pratIka tela evaM sAMsArika viSaya vAsanAoM kI sArahInatA ke liye tUla jaise mAnya rahasyavAdI pratIkoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye| jo vyakti caturdika vaibhava se ghirA ho, bhautika viSaya vAsanAyeM jisake caraNa cUmatI rahatI hoM, aura apane udyogoM ke prabandhana-sambandhI vikaTa samasyAyeM jisake sammukha bikharI par3I hoM, IrSyAlu evaM vidveSI jana-samUha jisakI khIMcatAna meM SaDayantra-rata hoM; phira bhI yaha Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki unhoMne kabhI bhI apanA mAnasika santulana nahIM khoyaa| balki samatAbhAva ke sAtha anta-anta taka ve samAja evaM saMskRti ke punarutthAna meM lage rhe| unakI avadhAraNAzakti, smRti kI tIkSNatA apUrva thI aura vicAroM kI abhivyakti ke liye unake pAsa zabda-bhaNDAra kI kamI nahIM rahatI thii| __ kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa ke adhyakSa hone tathA paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI ke paramabhakta hone ke nAte ve kundakunda bhAratI dvArA Ayojita prAya: pratyeka Ayojana meM sammilita hote tathA prasaMgAnukUla apane vicAra rocaka-zailI meM avazya vyakta kiyA karate the| zaurasenI-prAkRtAgamoM kA unhoMne kevala viSaya kI dRSTi se svAdhyAya kiyA hogA, bhASA kI dRSTi se nahIM; phira bhI, 'zrutapacaMmI-parva' kI smRti meM kundakunda bhAratI meM jaba zaurasenI prAkRta-sambandhI 'rASTriya kavi-sammelana evaM saMgoSThI' kA Ayojana hotA, to ve sabhI kaviyoM kI zaurasenI prAkRta meM granthita kavitAoM ke artha ko samajhane kA manoyogapUrvaka prayatna kiyA karate the aura yadi kisI zabda kA artha samajha meM nahIM AtA thA, to ve bAda meM usI kavi se behicaka usa vizeSa zabda kA artha pUchakara apanI zaMkA kA samAdhAna kara liyA karate the| eka bAra dillI ke pareDa-grAuNDa meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke dIkSA-divasa kA Ayojana thA, jisameM mAnanIya zrI balarAma jAkhar3a, rAjeza pAyalaTa, zivarAja-pATila, kallappA avADe sahita deza ke kone-kone se aneka rAjanetA evaM samAjanetA padhAre the| zrIkammojI kI dharmazAlA meM hama loga zaurasenI prAkRta kI prAcInatA tathA sarasatA para bAtacIta kara rahe the| bhItarI-kakSa meM pUjya AcAryazrI virAjamAna the| itane meM hI sAhU azoka jI AcAryazrI ke darzanArtha padhAre; kintu zaurasenI zabda sunate hI hama logoM se pUchane lage ki "zaurasenI-prAkRta kitanI prAcIna hai tathA vyutpatti kI dRSTi se usakI prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 43

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pahicAna kyA hai?" hama logoM ne yaha socakara ki inhoMne kevala ziSTAcAravaza yA sAmAnya jAnakArI prApta karane kI dRSTi se hI yaha prazna kiyA hai / ataH calate-calate unheM saMkSepa kucha batalA diyaa| kintu hama loga usa samaya Azcaryacakita raha gaye, jaba unhoMne pUjya AcAryazrI ke prati vinayAMjali ke prasaMga meM zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke viSaya meM eka rocaka pravacana hI prastuta kara diyA / sAhU azoka jI tIrtharAja sammeda zikhara ko jaina saMskRti, itihAsa evaM jainasamAja kA prAcInatama zAstrIya mahAkAvya mAnakara calate rahe aura apane mRtyu - pUrvakAla taka use eka rASTriya dharohara mAnakara usake vikAsa ke liye unhoMne jo kucha kiyA, usase sArA rASTra pUrNatayA avagata hai 1 sAhU azoka jI evaM unake parivAra ke kArya-kalApoM ko dekhakara 13vIM sadI ke deza-videza meM vikhyAta mahAsArthavAha sAhU naTTala kA barabasa smaraNa A jAtA hai, jo ki dillI ke nivAsI the| ve zrAvaka - ziromaNI, tIrthabhakta, jinavANI - rasika, samAjanetA, munibhakta tathA sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ke prati ananya Adara-snehabhAva rakhate the / ukta donoM parivAroM kI mAnasikatA tathA saMracanAtmaka sahaja - pra - pravRttiyoM kI tulanA karane se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha sAhU - parivAra kahIM ukta sAhU naTTala kI vaMza-paramparA se sambandhita to nahIM? bhautika rUpa meM Aja bhale hI sAhU azoka jI hamAre bIca nahIM haiM; kintu unake bahuAyAmI saMracanAtmaka yazasvI kAryoM kI eka dIrgha zrRMkhalA hamAre sammukha hai, jo AgAmI pIr3hI ke lie preraNA-srota kA kArya kregii| unake yazasvI vyaktitva ke nirmANa meM unakI sahadharmiNI yazasvinI evaM cintanazIlA AdaraNIyA indu jI jaina ke yogadAna ko bhI vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| donoM hI vastuta: eka dUsare ke pUraka the; kintu durbhAgya se sAhU azoka jI ke bAda unake samasta uttaradAyitvoM kA bojha akele hI indujI para A par3A hai, phira bhI unhoMne abhI taka jisa dhairya, jisa kauzala, jisa sAhasa, jisa nirbhIkatA evaM dUradRSTi se kAryoM kA saMcAlana kiyA hai, aura vartamAna meM bhI kara rahI hai usase pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki ve nirantara hI usI sphUrti se dRr3ha saMkalpa ke sAtha una kAryoM ko Age bhI saMcAlita karatI raheMgI aura sAmAjika itihAsa ke nirmANa meM mIla - patthara siddha hoMgI / zrI kundakunda bhAratI ke sAtha prArambha se hI sAhU-parivAra ke, vizeSa rUpa se zrI sAhU azoka jI ke ghaniSTha sambandha rahe haiM / ataH kundakunda bhAratI ne apane prAMgaNa meM unakA eka kalApUrNa bhavya smAraka banAne kA nirNaya lekara unake prati hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai, aura vaha unake satkAryoM ke itihAsa ke lekhana kA prathama adhyAya siddha hogA, aisA mujhe pUrNa vizvAsa hai / 44 //// prAkRtavidyA+apraila-jUna '2000

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2600vI vIra-jayaMtI -anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha 2600vIM janma-jayaMtI, mahAvIra bhagavAna kii| lAyI hai sandeza 'anUpama', jyoti jalAo jJAna kI / / 1 / / dUra karo ajJAna-andherA, rUr3hi-aMdhavizvAsa ko / satya-ahiMsA zaMkhanAda se, guMjA do AkAza ko / / 2 / / krodha mAna mAyA ko chor3o, lobha pApa kI khAna hai| sAttvikatA jIvana meM lAo, isa hI meM utthAna hai|| 3 / / tor3o mata jor3o hI jor3o, yaha saccA abhiyAna hai| premabhAva se rahanA sIkho, yahI rASTra kI zAna hai|| 4 / / U~ca-nIca kA bheda nahIM ho, sarvajIva-samabhAva ho / saba dharmoM kA Adara karanA, mAnavamAtra svabhAva ho / / 5 / / bhautikatA kI cakAcauMdha meM, nahIM bhaTakanA paMtha se / jIvana saphala banAo apanA, par3ha-par3ha sacce graMtha se / / 6 / / dIna duHkhI kI sevA karanA, sabase pahilA kAma ho / nyAyamArga se kabhI na DiganA, kaisA bhI aMjAma ho / / 7 / / svAbhimAna se jIvana jIo, sAdA ucca vicAra ho / aisI saMgati sadA baiThiye, jisameM nahIM vikAra ho / / 8 / / sadbhAvanA aisI mAno, sarvasukhI saMsAra ho / zithilAcAra panapa nahiM pAve, kahIM na bhraSTAcAra ho / / 9 / / raho sadA karttavyaparAyaNa, vijJa vivekI zUra ho|| dharmanIti para calo niraMtara, kaSTa-ApadA dUra ho / / 10 / / mArga-pradarzaka bane vizva kA, saba dezoM kA tAja ho| karuNA, dayA aura anukampA-pUrNa samagra samAja ho / / 11 / / bhAratIya saMskRti meM pUrA, racA-basA insAna ho| sahRdayI sajjana guNagrAhI, ati udAra guNavAna ho / / 12 / / prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 45

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zaurasenI prAkRta hai| azvaghoSa, isakA prayoga saMskRta nATakoM ke prAkRtabhASA ke gadyAMzoM meM huA bhAsa, kAlidAsa ke nATakoM aura bahuta se nATakoM meM isa bhASA ke udAharaNa prApta hote haiM / isa bhASA kI utpatti zUrasena yA mathurA pradeza meM huI hai / vararuci ne zaurasenI ko saMskRta se utpanna mAnA hai / isa bhASA ke lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa vararuci, hemacandra, kramadIzvara, lakSmIdhara, mArkaNDeya Adi vaiyAkaraNoM ne diye haiM / zaurasenI kI vizeSatAyeM 1. zaurasenI meM anAdi meM vartamAna asaMyukta 't' kA 'd' hotA hai / yathA-- etasmAt > edAo / 2. zaurasenI meM varNAntara ke adha: vartamAna 'ta' kA 'd' hotA hai / yathA-- mahAntaH>mahaMdo, nizcintaH>Niccido / 3. zaurasenI meM 'tAvat' ke Adi 't' kA dakAra hotA hai / yathA - tAvat dAva, tAva / 4. zaurasenI meM AmantraNa vAle 'su' ke para meM rahane para pUrvavAle nakArAnta zabda ke 'ma' ke sthAna para vikalpa se 'y' hotA hai / yathA - bho rAyaM ! bho rAjan ! bho. viayavammaM ! >bho vijayavarman ! | 5. zaurasenI meM 'rya' ke sthAna para vikalpa se 'yya' Adeza hotA hai / yathA - suyyo> sUrya, ajjo - Arya, pajjAkulo paryAkulaH / 6. zaurasenI meM 'th' ke sthAna para vikalpa se 'gh' hotA hai / yathA - nAtha: > NAdho, katham>kathaM, rAjapathaH> rAjapadho / 1 7. zaurasenI meM 'bhU' dhAtu ke hakAra kA 'bh' Adeza hotA hai| yathA--bhavati>bhodi, hodi 8. zaurasenI meM 'iha' Adi ke hakAra ke sthAna meM 'dha' vikalpa se hotA hai - iha > dha, bhava ho, hoha / 9. zaurasenI meM 'ktvA' pratyaya ke sthAna para 'iya' aura 'dUNa', 'ya' Adeza vikalpa se hote haiN| yathA--bhaviya, bhodUNa, haviya, hodUNa, paDhiya, paDhidUNa, ramiya, ramidUNa / 10. zaurasenI meM 'pUrva' zabda kA 'purava' Adeza hotA hai| yathA-- apUrvaM nATyam apuravaM NADyaM / 11. zaurasenI meM 'tyAdi' ke Adeza 'di' aura 'e' ke sthAna para de' Adeza hotA hai / yathA-- di, dedi, bhodi, hodi ramade / 46 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000

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12. akAra se pare 'i' aura 'e' hoM, to unake sthAna para de' aura ye', donoM Adeza hote haiM / yathA-- acchade, acchadi, gacchade, gacchadi, ramade, ramadi, vijjade, kijjadi / 13. zaurasenI meM 'tasmAt' ke sthAna meM 'tA' Adeza hotA hai / yathA-- tA jAva pavisAmi, tA alaM ediNA bhANeNa / 14. zaurasenI meM 'eva' ke artha meM 'yyeva' nipAta prayukta hotA hai / yathA - mama yyeva bambhaNassa, soyyeva eso / 15. ceTI ke AhvAna artha meM zaurasenI meM 'haMje ' nipAta kA prayoga hotA hai / yathA --haMje caDurike ! 16. zaurasenI meM 'nanu' ke artha meM 'NaM' nipAta prayukta hotA hai / yathA--NaM aphalodayA, NaM ayyamissehiM / -"hI - hI bho / " 17. zaurasenI meM harSa ke liye 'ammahe' kA prayoga hotA hai / 18. vidUSaka harSa ke liye 'hI - hI' kA prayoga karatA hai / yathA - " 19. kahIM 't' kA 'D' hotA hai / yathA--- - putraH > putto, puDo / 20. zaurasenI meM 'RkAra' kA 'ikAra' hotA hai / yathA-- 21. zaurasenI meM Nya, jJa, nya ke sthAna meM NNa hotA hai / yathA-- paNyaH, vijJa, kanyA ke -- gRdhaH>giddho / sthAna para paNNo, viNNo, kaNNA / 22. zaurasenI meM 'kRJ' dhAtu ko 'kara' Adeza hotA hai / yathA- --karomi> karemi / 23. zaurasenI meM 'tiG' ke pare 'sthA' kA ciTTha' Adeza hotA hai / yathA -- ciTThadi > tiSThati / 24. zaurasenI meM 'tiG' ke pare 'smR, dRz, as' dhAtuoM ke 'sumara, pekkha, accha' Adeza hote haiM / yathA - sumaradi, pekkhadi, acchadi / 25. zaurasenI meM 'strI' ke sthAna meM 'itthI' Adeza hotA hai / yathA - strI itthI / 26. 'jas' sahita 'asmad' ke sthAna para 'vaaM, amhe' hote haiM / yathA-- aM, amhe / 27. zaurasenI meM 'kR' aura 'gam' dhAtuoM se pare Ane vAle 'ktvA' ke sthAna meM 'aDua' Adeza vikalpa se hotA hai / yathA-- kRtvA kaDua, gatvA > gaDua / I 28. zaurasenI meM 'it' aura 'et' ke pare hone para antya makAra ke Age NakAra kA Agama vikalpa se hotA hai| yathA-- juttaNimaM, sarisaNimaM, kiNNedaM ( kimedaM), evaNevaM (evamedaM) / 29. zaurasenI meM napuMsakaliMga meM vartamAna zabdoM se pare Ane vAle 'jas' aura 'zas' ke sthAna meM 'Ni' Adeza aura pUrva svara kA dIrgha hotA hai / yathA - vanAni - vANi, dhanAni > dhaNANi 1 30. zaurasenI meM 'tiG' pratyayoM ke para meM hone para bhU dhAtu ke sthAna para 'bho' Adeza hotA hai / yathA - bhavAmi> bhomi / 31. vismaya aura nirveda arthoM meM zaurasenI ke 'hImANahe' nipAta kA prayoga hotA hai / yathA - hImANahe jIvaMtavacchA me jaNaNI / - (sAbhAra uddhRta, 'pAli- prAkRta saMgraha' caukhambA surabhAratI prakAzana, pRSTha 74-76) prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000 47

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samrATa azoka kI jainadRSTi -DaoN0 udayacaMdra jaina yaha to sarvavidita evaM sarvamAnya hai ki azoka mAtra eka samrATa hI nahIM, zramaNa evaM brAhmaNa saMskRtiyoM ke saMrakSaka bhI the| usake pratyeka zilAlekha isa bAta ke sAkSI haiM aura yaha pratipAdita karate haiM ki samrATa azoka ne apane dRSTikoNa ko zramaNa saMskRti ke siddhAntoM para vizeSa rUpa se kendrita kiyaa| ve mahAn vicAraka the, yaha likhane yA kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM; para jo bhI abhilekha prApta hote haiM, unameM nimna dRSTiyA~ haiM* sAmAjika dRSTi - samAja ke zramaNa, brAhmaNa, sthavira Adi ke utthAna, sevA Adi kI dRSTi / * vaicArika dRSTi - janacetanA, jana pratinidhitva evaM jana-jAgaraNa Adi kA sNdesh| * dhArmika dRSTi - maitrI, karuNA, jIvadayA evaM unake jIvana ke unnayana Adi ke liye vizAla dRsstti| * jIvana mUlyaparaka dRSTi - jIne kA samAna adhikAra aadi| * bhASAtmaka dRSTi - bhASA kI priyatA meM prAkRta aura usameM bhI zaurasenI prAkRta ke prati lgaav| bhAratIya vicArakoM ke mata azoka samrATa ke viSaya meM vividha ho sakate haiM, para yaha sarvatra kahA gayA ki vaha zramaNa-saMskRti kA samAdara karatA hai| 'sAIMsa oNpha kampareTiva rilIjana' meM mejara janarala zrI sI0Ara0 pharalAMga kathana karate haiM ki jaina aura bauddha dharma' ke madhya rAjA azoka itanA kama bheda dekhatA thA ki usane sarvasAdhAraNa meM apanA bauddha honA apane rAjya ke 12veM varSa meM kahA thaa| isaliye karIba-karIba usake kaI zilAlekha 'jaina samrAT ke rUpa meM haiN| giranAra zilAlekha kI dRSTi- giranAra zilAlekha ke prathama abhilekha meM jo pUrNa mAMsa-bhakSaNa kA niSedha hai, vaha yaha bhI darzAtA hai ki jo samAja bRhad hai, usake bRhad bhoja meM hajAroM prANiyoM kA AraMbha kiyA jAtA thA, use rokane kA pUrNa niSedha kiyaa|' unake dvArA prayukta 'mahAnasamhi' zabda se yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki jo bhI AraMbha thA, vaha usa samaya mahAnasa - mahAna+asa (bar3e-bar3e bhoja) meM vizeSa rUpa se hotA thaa| use rokanA 100 48 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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artha kI prathama dRSTi thii| dharmAcaraNa sambaMdhI dRSTi- azoka ne samAja meM bahuta se doSa dekhe, unheM dekhakara hI samAja karttavya ko samajhAyA aura kahA ki prANiyoM, jJAtijanoM, brAhmaNa, zramaNoM Adi ke atirikta mAtA-pitA kI sevA aura sthavirajanoM kI suzrUSA sabase bar3A dharmAcaraNa hai / yaha dharmAcaraNa dharmazIla vyakti meM rahatA hai / isaliye dharmAnuzAsana/dharmapUrvaka anuzAsana sabase pramukha AcaraNa hai / dhaMmacaraNe pi na bhavati asIlasa - azIla / kSudrajanoM kI dharmAcaraNa meM pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| isaliye jo dharmAcaraNa kI ora pravatta hotA hai, vaha 'dukaTaM karoti' - duSkara kArya karatA hai| kaThina se kaThina kArya karatA hai / 'sukaraM hi pApaM ' pApa zIghra kie jA sakate haiM, aisA nahIM; apitu pApa sahaja rUpa meM mana, vacana aura kAya kisI bhI rUpa meM ho sakate haiN| isaliye dharma kA pAlana kaThina hai aura pApa honA sahaja hai| isase yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki AtmakalyANa atyaMta kaThina hai / jaisAki svayaM azoka kI dRSTi hai-- 'kalANaM dukaraM, yo Adikaro kalANasa so dukaraM karoti - satya hai aura svAbhAvika hai, isI uddezya hI dharmamahAmAtra / ghoSita kara zramaNa-ra - saMskRti kA pracAra evaM prasAra kiyA / I viziSTa tithiyoM para karane yogya kArya -- azoka samagra prANimAtra kA hitaiSI thA, isaliye usake chabbIsaveM varSa ke abhiSeka ke samaya jo zilAlekha utkIrNa karAyA gayA, usameM jainadharma kI aSTamI, caturdazI evaM paJcadazI tithiyoM kA vizeSa ullekha hai / isase yaha bAta sahaja anumAnita kI jAtI hai ki samrAT azoka ne zramaNa-saMskRti kI ukta pracalita tithiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara pratyeka mAha ina tithiyoM para 'AraMbha karane' kA vizeSa rUpa se niSedha kiyaa| ye hI tithiyA~ jainadharma kI vizeSa parvakAlika tithiyA~ mAnI gaI haiM / ye mAha meM chaha, pakSa meM tIna AtI haiM / 'pratipadA' kI tithi bhI pArvika tithi hai, usa para bhI AraMbha ko varjita kiyA / eka ora jahA~ pAkSika tithiyoM kA ullekha hai, vahIM dUsarI ora yaha bhI saMketa kiyA gayA ki kevala cAtumArsika tithiyoM arthAt varSAvAsa kI tithiyoM meM hiMsaka kArya nahIM kiye jAyeM, apitu varSa ke varSAkAla, zaradakAla aura grISmakAla meM par3anevAlI tithiyoM meM bhI hiMsaka kArya kA pUrNa niSedha kiyA gayA hai / jIva samudAya evaM jIva jagat kI vyApaka jIvaMtatA kA maulika cintana isase bar3hakara aura kyA ho sakatA hai ki jitane bhI pazu-pakSI yA anya prANI haiM, ve jIne kA adhikAra rakhate haiM / " bhArata ke sImAnta se videzI sattA ko sarvathA parAjita karake bhAratIyatA kI rakSA karanevAle samrAT candragupta ne jaina AcArya zrI bhadrabAhu se dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| unake putra bimbasAra the| samrAT azoka unake pautra the / kucha dina jaina rahakara azoka pIche bauddha ho gaye the / " - ( zrI hanumAna prasAda poddAra, 'kalyANa' mAsika, pRSTha 864, san 1950 ) prAkRtavidyA - apraila-jUna 2000 1049

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jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kI mImAMsA -DaoN. dayAcandra sAhityAcArya loka meM ratna do prakAra ke hote haiM-- (1) AdhyAtmika - ratna, (2) bhautika-ratna / bhautika- ratna pRthvI meM, samudroM meM, khadAnoM meM, jauharI - bAjAroM meM, svargoM meM, maMdiroM meM aura zrImAnoM ke bhavanoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / aneka janma-janmAntaroM meM deva - devAMganAoM aura nara-nAriyoM ne aneka bAra ratnoM ke AbhUSaNoM se apane zarIra ko sundara banAkara Ananda ke sAgara meM gote lagAye, parantu vaha Ananda kSaNika thA aura ve camakIle bahumUlya AbhUSaNa bhI kSaNika aura yaha deha bhI kSaNika thI; isaliye ina bhautika AbhUSaNoM meM moha ke kAraNa AtmA kA kalyANa nahIM ho sakA aura na kabhI ho sakatA hai / kavivara bhUdharadAsa jI ne satya kahA hai--- "dhana- kana- kaMcana - rAjasukha, sabahi sulabha kara jAna / durlabha hai saMsAra meM, eka jathAratha jJAna / / " mAnavoM aura devoM ke isa jagat meM sarvavastuyeM prApta karanA sulabha hai, parantu yathArtha ratnatraya prApta karanA atidurlabha hai / ye AdhyAtmika ratna ( ratnatraya) pratyeka AtmA meM hI vidyamAna haiM / AtmA seM atirikta kisI anya pudgala yA jar3apadArthoM meM nahIM rahate haiM; ataeva inako AdhyAtmika ratna kahate haiN| yadyapi ye akSaya ratna pratyeka AtmA meM rahate haiM, tathApi inakA svAnubhava vartamAna meM nahIM ho rahA hai aura na aba taka huA hai, isakA pramukha kAraNa moha evaM ajJAna hai / isa viSaya meM kavi kA kathana hai "saba ke palle lAla, lAla binA koI nahIM / kintu huA kaMgAla, gA~Tha khola dekhA nhiiN||" arthAt saba prANiyoM ke AtmA meM lAla (ratnatraya) vidyamAna hai, aisA koI AtmA nahIM, jisake palle meM lAla na ho / kintu moha evaM ajJAna kI gA~Tha ko kholakara isa AtmA ne dekhA nahIM, isIkAraNa se ratnatraya ke binA kaMgAla ho rahA hai - yaha duHkhakA viSaya hai| aba satyArtha deva-zAstra-guru kI upAsanA kA puruSArtha karake ina akSaya ratnoM ko khojakara vikasita yA ujjvala karane kI AvazyakatA hai / kavivara dyAnatarAya jI likhate 50 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000

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haiM- "deva-zAstra-guru ratana zubha, tIna ratana krtaar|" ____tAtparya yaha hai ki deva-zAstra-guru ye tIna prazasta ratna haiM aura samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritrarUpI tIna ratnoM ko vikasita karanevAle haiM, ata: deva-zAstra-guru rUpI tIna ratnoM kI upAsanA se ratnatraya kA vikAsa karanA parama Avazyaka hai| __ prathamAnuyoga kI apekSA samyagdarzana kA svarUpa bhadrapariNAmI mithyAdRSTi ko sarvaprathama tIrthaMkara Adi zalAkA-puruSoM ke jIvanacaritra yA kathApurANoM ke svAdhyAya karane se jo jainadharma yA deva-zAstra-guru kA zraddhAna nirmala huA hai, vaha 'prathamAnuyoga' kA samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| 'karaNAnuyoga' kI apekSA samyagdarzana kA svarUpa anantAnubandhIkaSAya ke krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha tathA mithyAtva, samyamithyAtva, samyak prakRti -ina sAta prakRtiyoM ke upazama, kSaya evaM kSayopazama se AtmA meM tattvazraddhAna hotA hai; use krama se aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika samyagdarzana kahate haiN| 'caraNAnuyoga' kI apekSA samyagdarzana kI paribhASA satyArtha deva-zAstra-guru kA mAna-mUr3hatArahita, aSTAMga ke sAtha zraddhA karanA caraNAnuyogadRSTi kA samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| sAta tattva, navapadArtha evaM chaha dravyoM kA yathArtha zraddhAna karanA athavA AtmavizuddhirUpa pariNAma ko 'dravyAnuyoga' kI dRSTi se samyagdarzana kahate haiN| cAroM anuyogoM kI apekSA samyagdarzana ke lakSaNoM meM zabdoM kI apekSA bheda (antara) pratibhAsita hotA hai, para AtmazraddhAna (ruci) kI apekSA koI antara nahIM hai| isaliye cAroM anuyogoM meM virodha nahIM, apitu samanvaya hai| samyagdarzana ke utpanna hone para jo satyArtha jJAna vyakta hotA hai, use 'samyagjJAna' kahate haiN| evaM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna ke utpanna hone para, cAritramohajanya kaSAya Adi vikAroM kI kRzatA se AtmA meM vizuddha pariNAmoM kI upalabdhi ko samyakcAritra' kahate haiN| ye tIna Atmikaratna akSaya tathA Anandamaya haiN| zaMkA Adi 25 doSoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke liye samyagdarzana meM 'samyak' vizeSaNa prayukta haiN| saMzaya, vimoha evaM viparItatA kA parityAga karane ke liye samyakjJAna meM 'samyak' vizeSaNa upayogI hai| atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra, anAcAra (bhraSTAcAra) - ina cAra doSoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke prayojana se samyakcAritra meM samyak' vizeSaNa sArthaka hai| isa ratnatraya ke krama kA bhI eka vizeSa kAraNa hai-- anAdikAlika mithyAdRSTi jIva ke karaNalabdhipUrvaka sabase pahile samyagdarzana hotA hai; isaliye samyagdarzana ko prathama kahA gayA hai| samyagdarzana ke sAtha hI samyagjJAna hotA hai, tathA samyagjJAna zraddhAna ko dRr3ha karatA hai aura cAritra ko bhI dRr3hatA pradAna karatA hai; ata: samyagjJAna ko madhya meM kahA gayA hai| samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna ke anantara hI samyakcAritra vyakta hotA hai, ata: tIsare prAkRtavidyA+ apraila-jUna '2000 0051

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nambara para samyakcAritra kahA gayA hai| inhIM kAraNoM ko lakSyakara AcArya samantabhadra ne kahA hai- "mohatimirApaharaNe, darzanalAbhAdavAptasaMjJAna: / rAgadveSanivRttyai, caraNaM pratipadyate sAdhuH / / " -(ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra, padya 47) yaha viSaya vizeSarUpa se jJAtavya hai ki eka AtmA meM eka sAtha tInoM ratnoM kA prabhAva ho, to AtmA kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai| agara ekamAtra samyagdarzana ho, yA mAtra samyagjJAna ho athavA kevala eka samyakcAritra ho; to AtmA kA kalyANa nahIM ho sktaa| athavA darzana-jJAna, darzana-cAritra, jJAna-cAritra -ye do-do guNa vidyamAna hoM; to bhI AtmakalyANa evaM mukti prApta nahIM ho sktii| jaba tInoM kA yugapat sadbhAva ho; taba hI mukti kA mArga bana sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| ___ jaise kisI DaoNkTara ne roga jA~cakara rogI ko davA pradAna kii| yadi rogI puruSa ko davA para vizvAsa ho, davA ke sevana kA jJAna ho, tathA davA kA vidhipUrvaka sevana kare; to vaha rogI roga se mukta ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| isIprakAra ratnatrayarUpa davA ke zraddhAna-jJAna-AcaraNa se hI janma-jarA-maraNa kA rogI yaha mAnava roga se mukta ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| isI prayojana kA lakSya kara AcArya umAsvAmI ne ghoSita kiyA hai- "samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArga:" - (tttvaarthsuutr)| ___arthAt samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kA eka AtmA meM eka sAtha ekIkaraNa hI mukti kA mArga hai| isI viSaya para dUsarA udAharaNa yaha hai ki eka vizAla vana meM tIna ora se Aga laga rahI thii| eka ora Aga nahIM lagI thii| usa vana ke madhya meM aMdhA, paMgu aura AlasI ye tIna manuSya jala jAne ke bhaya se ro rahe the| isI samaya eka vivekI vyakti vahA~ se niklaa| usane zIghra hI jAkara una tInoM kA ekIkaraNa kiyA ki andhe ke kandhe para paMgu ko baiThAyA tathA AlasI ko andhe kA hAtha pakar3AyA aura tejI se bhAgane kI preraNA dI, to tInoM hI surakSitarUpa se apane iSTasthAna ko cale gye| isI taraha saMsArI jIva ko dravyakarma-bhAvakarma-nokarma kI tIna ora se Aga lagI huI hai, eka ora se jJAnI AcArya sambodhita karate haiM ki "zraddhA-jJAna-AcaraNa ko zIghra prApta karo, to tumhArI du:khoM se mukti ho sakatI hai|" kavivara dyAnatarAya jI ne 'ratnatrayapUjA' kI 'jayamAla' meM kahA bhI hai-- "samyagdarzana-jJAna-vrata, ina bina mukati na hoya / adha-paMgu-aru AlasI, jude jaleM davaloya / / " -(ratnatrayapUjA, samuccaya jayamAla, padya 9) athavA 40 52 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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"jJAnaM paMgau kriyA cAndhe, ni:zraddhe nArthakadvayam / tato jJAna-kriyA-zraddhAmayaM tatpadakAraNam / / " -(rAjavArtika) arthAt paMgujana meM jJAna, aMdhejana meM kriyA, AlasIjana meM vizvAsa hone se pRthak-pRthak ye tInoM puruSa dAvAnala se surakSita nahIM ho sakate; kintu tInoM puruSa eka sAtha milakara puruSArtha kareM, to dAvAnala se mukta ho sakate haiN| isIprakAra jo mAnava samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kI eka sAtha sAdhanA kareM, to saMsAra ke karmarUpa dAvAnala se mukta ho sakate haiM, anyathA nhiiN| ratnatraya kA mahattva "ratnatrayaM tajjananArti-mRtyu-sarpatrayI-darpaharaM namAmi / yadbhUSaNaM prApya bhavanti ziSTA:, mukte: virUpAkRtayopyabhISTAH / / " -(mahAkavi haricandraH, 'dharmazarmAbhyudaya') tAtparya yaha hai ki jarA aura maraNarUpa sarpatraya ke kaSTarUpa viSa ke nAzaka usa saphala ratnatraya ko hama praNAma karate haiM ki jisa ratnatrayarUpa AbhUSaNa ko dhAraNa kara zreSThapuruSa tapasvI, virUpa AkRtivAle hone para bhI mukti-lakSmI ke varaNa ke yogya ho jAte haiN| arthAt-ratnatraya se mukti kI prApti hotI hai| ratnatraya sarvadhanoM meM pradhAna hai "na caurahAryaM na ca rAjahArya, na bhrAtRbhAjyaM na ca bhaarkaari| vyaye kRte vardhata eva nityaM, ratnatrayaM sarvadhanapradhAnam / / " __ sArAMza:- bhautikadhana ko cora apaharaNa kara sakate haiM, kintu isa ratnatrayarUpI dhana ko nhiiN| bhautikadhana ko rAjA Taiksa Adi ke dvArA haraNa kara sakatA hai, parantu ratnatrayarUpI dhana ko nhiiN| bhautikadhana kA bhAI-bandhu baTavArA kara sakate haiM, parantu ratnatrayarUpI dhana kA nhiiN| bhautikadhana kA vajana yA bhAra ho sakatA hai, parantu ratnatrayarUpI dhana kA nhiiN| bhautikadhana vyaya hone para ghaTatA hai, parantu ratnatraya dUsare ko sikhAne Adi se bar3hatA hai, isaliye ratnatrayadhana vizva ke sarva dhanoM meM pradhAna dhana hai| rASTrapati mahAtmA gAMdhI dvArA ratnatraya kA samarthana satya-ahiMsA-brahmacarya ye ratnatraya AtmakalyANa evaM vizvakalyANa kA mUlamaMtra hai| Right belief, Right knowledge, Right conduct these together constitute the path to liberation. -(svataMtratA ke sUtra, tattvArthasUtra : AcArya kanakanandi) zrImatI iMdirA gAMdhI (pUrva pradhAnamaMtrI) dvArA ratnatraya kA samarthana __ dUradRSTi (zraddhA), pakkA irAdA (jJAna), kar3A anuzAsana (sadAcaraNa) -ye tIna kartavya rASTra kA kalyANa karate haiM evaM inase vyakti kI AtmA pavitra hotI hai| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 10 53

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vaijJAnikoM dvArA ratnatraya kA samarthana ___ jarmana ke prasiddha vaijJAnika sara albarTa AiMsTIna-- "dila (zraddhA), dimAga (jJAna) ke svastha (sadAcaraNayukta) rahane para hI AtmA mahAn zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai|" ___ "vaha vyakti 'nAstika' hai, jo apane Apa meM vizvAsa nahIM krtaa| vizvAsapUrvaka jJAna AcaraNa ko banAtA hai|" -(hindustAna san 1963 janavarI) "haiTa (vizvAsa), hArTa (vijJAna), haiNDa (AcaraNa) -- ina tIna svastha sAdhanoM se hI mAnava jIvana ke kArya bahuta acche hote haiN|" -(vaijJAnika TenIsana) jisaprakAra piparameMTa, ajavAnaphUla, kapUra ye tInoM yugapat samAna mAtrA meM milakara 'amRtadhArA' ko janma dete haiM aura vaha roga se mukta karatI hai; usIprakAra samyagdarzana-jJAnacAritra ye tIna guNa yugapat milakara amRtadhArA (mokSamArga) ko dazati haiN| -(vijJAnapUrNa bhautika prayoga) upasaMhAra bhautikaratnoM ke AbhUSaNoM ko bhavabhava meM isa mAnava ne prApta kiye haiM; parantu akSaya Atmika AbhUSaNoM ko Aja taka prApta nahIM kiye| yadyapi nizcayadRSTi se ratnatrayabhUSaNa AtmA meM vidyamAna haiM, parantu moha evaM ajJAna ke kAraNa inakA saMketa nahIM mila rahA hai| ata: ina ratnoM ke khojane kI AvazyakatA pratIta hotI hai| tattvArthazraddhAna (samyagdarzana), tattvArthajJAna, (samyagjJAna) aura sadAcaraNa (samyakcAritra) ko hI 'ratnatraya' kahA jAtA hai| inakA krama evaM nirdoSatva siddha hai| dRSTAnta dvArA ratnatraya kA ekatva siddha hai| vaijJAnika prayogoM dvArA Atmika ratnatraya kA samarthana hotA hai| ratnatraya kA mUlyAMkana - AtmA se paramAtmA kI upalabdhi hai| "sammadasaNaNANaM caraNaM mokkhassa kAraNaM jaanne| vavahArA Nicchayado tattiyamaiyo Nio appA / / " ___ -(AcArya nemicandra siddhAntadeva : davvasaMgaho, gAthA 39) arthAt vyavahAranaya se samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra -ina tInoM kA samIkaraNa mokSa kA kAraNa (mArga) hai aura nizcayanaya se samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa akhaNDa svabhAvAtmaka AtmA hI mokSa hai| "rayaNattayaM Na vaTTadi, appANaM muyattu aNNadaviyamhi / tamhA tattiyamaiyo, hodi hu mokkhassa kAraNaM aadaa||" __ -(vahI, gAthA 40) artha:- nizcaya dRSTikoNa se ratnatrayabhAva AtmA ko chor3akara anya pA~ca dravyoM (pudgala, dharmadravya, adharmadravya, AkAza, kAla) meM nahIM hai| isa vizeSa yukti se ukta ratnatraya-svabhAva AtmA hI mokSa kahane ke yogya hai| 0054 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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bhASA kA svarUpa evaM vizleSaNa - DaoN0 (zrImatI) mAyA jaina 'bhASA' zabdagata udgAra hai / yaha mAnavIya vacana dvArA niHsRta aisA arthayukta evaM zabdagata bhAva hai, jisameM saba kucha samAhita hai / jisameM vANI, vAk, vacana Adi yantrasAdhanA hai, vahI bhItarI AtmasaMkalpa kA vyApAra hai / jo mUlata: vAkkendrita cintana hai, jisakA koI na koI abhiprAya bhI hotA hai / kahane kA abhiprAya hai ki bhASA arthomaya evaM zabdabaddha udgAra kA nAma hai| 'zabda' bhASika saMkalpanA hai, 'bhASA' cintana kI dRSTi zabda sArvatrika vyAkaraNika ikAI bhI hai, jo vAkya, rUpima aura svanima ko mahattva detA hai| jisa artha meM zabda bhASA saMracanAtmaka ikAI ko lekara calatA hai, vaha usI rUpa meM sthita nahIM ho pAtA hai; kyoMki bhASA kA sampUrNa vizleSaNa varNa, pada aura vAkya rUpa meM bhI hotA hai| usameM kSetrIyatA, prAntIyatA, AMcalikatA Adi kA prabhAva bhI par3atA hai| isI se bhASA ke vividha rUpa sAmane Ate haiM, unhIM se sAhitya ko gati prApta hotI hai / 'bhASA' zabda para vicAra bhASA meM 'zabda' sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa saMkalpanA hai / bhASA kI maulika ikAI 'vAkya' hai, upavAkya hai, padabaMdha hai, mUlaprakRti, pratyaya Adi bhI hai; parantu jaba zabda ko mahattva diyA jAtA hai, usa samaya vaha bhASA - vivaraNa zabdAnuzAsana ko prApta ho jAtA hai / zabdAnuzAsana vyAkaraNika paddhati hai / isakA apanA svakIya tattva-darzana hai aura yaha bhASA kI bhI svatantra eka ikAI hai, jo vAkya ke rUpa meM rUpavijJAna, zabda ke rUpa meM zabdavijJAna aura artha ke rUpa meM arthavijJAna ko abhivyakta karatA hai / jaba 'zabda' aura 'artha' kI sahabhAgitA ho jAtI hai, taba vahI sAhityika rUpa grahaNa karatA hai, usameM kAvyazAstrIya kI gambhIratA bhI samAhita ho jAtI hai / 1 I bhASA manuSya ke vicAroM kA prayoga hai / jaise hI manuSya zabdoM ke prayoga ko gatimAna karatA hai, vaise hI arthoM ko samajhakara mana ko bolane kI icchA se prerita karatA hai / arthAt jo kucha bhI prayoga zabda ke rUpa meM mana kI zakti vAyu ko prerita karatI hai / usa samaya 'zabda vAk' kI utpatti hotI hai, yahI zabda vAk 'bhASA' hai| manuSya kI vANI jaise-jaise prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 O 55

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khulatI gaI, bhASA kA vikAsa hotA gayA / samayAnusAra parivartana hue evaM vibhinna saMparka ke prabhAva se bhASA kI ekarUpatA bhI badalatI gaI / vibhinna jAtiyoM, vargoM evaM kSetrIya prabhAva kI jalavAyu tathA prAkRtika paristhitiyoM ne naye-naye prayogoM ko janma diyA / veda' ke prayoga 'vaidika' kahalAye aura ArSapuruSoM buddha aura mahAvIra ke vacana 'prAkRta' ke svarUpa ko prApta hue| prakRti ke niyamoM ke AdhAra para bhASA, bhAva aura prakriyA meM parivartana bhI huA / bhASyate iti bhASA jo bolI jAtI hai, vaha bhASA kahalAtI hai / 'tattvArthabhASya' meM kahA gayA hai ki vyakta vANI ke dvArA varNa, pada evaM vAkya ke rUpa meM jo kahI jAtI hai, use 'bhASA' kahate haiM-- "vyaktavAgbhirvarNa-pada- vAkyAkAreNa bhASyata iti bhASA / " - (tattvArthabhASya siddhasena vR0, 5/24 ) arthAt siddhasena kA yahI bhAva hai ki varNa, pada aura vAkya ke AkAra se kathana karanA bhASA hai| dUsarI ora 'prajJApanA sUtra' ke TIkAkAra malayagiri ne isaprakAra kathana kiyA hai-- "bhASyate iti bhASA, tadyogyatayA pariNAmita - nisRjyamAna- dravyasaMhatiH / " - ( prajJA0 malayavRtti, 161 ) 'SaTkhaNDAgama dhavalA TIkA' khaNDa 1, pustaka 1 ( pR0 258) meM bhASA para vicAra karate hue kathana kiyA hai ki "bhASA - vargaNA ke skaMdhoM ke nimitta se cAra prakAra kI bhASA rUpa se pariNamana karane kI zakti ke nimittabhUta nokarma - pudgala - pracaya kI prApti ko 'bhASA paryApti' kahate haiM / bhASA 'vacanabala' hai / vacanabala ke binA paryApti nahIM bntii| do-indriya jIva se lekara paMcendriya-jIva - paryanta 'bhASA - vargaNA' hotI hai / vacanasUtra bhASA. kA sUtra hai| isalie jo kucha kahA jAtA hai yA bolA jAtA hai, vaha bhASA hai| isI 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI dvitIya pustaka meM prANoM ke aMtargata vacanabala ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| nayasUtra ke vivecana meM bhASA ke vividha rUpoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai, isameM zabda ke AdhAra se artha ke grahaNa karane meM samartha ' zabdanaya' hai / yaha naya liMga, saMkhyA, kAla, kAraka, puruSa aura upagraha ke vyabhicAra kI nivRtti karanevAlA hai / jo liMga Adi jisa sthAna ke lie prayukta kiyA jAtA hai, usakA vaisA prayoga na karanA 'vyabhicAra' kahA jAtA hai| yathA-- strIliMga ke sthAna para pulliMga kA aura pulliMga ke sthAna para strIliMga Adi kA prayoga liMga- vyabhicAra hai / isalie bhASAsvarUpa meM isa bAta ko mahattva diyA jAtA hai ki bolane vAlA kisaprakAra ke varNa, pada aura vAkyoM ke AkAra ko lekara kathana kara rahA hai? yadi varNa, artha, saMkhyA evaM kAlAdi kA bheda na ho, to eka pada eka hI artha kA vAcaka nahIM ho sktaa| isalie jisameM samasta varNa, pada aura vAkya kA yathArtha ho vaha bhASA hai / bhASA prayoga bhASA ko jAnakara usake prayoga tadrUpa honA cAhie / bhASA ke vihita aura niSiddha prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 56

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donoM hI prayoga hote haiN| parantu vicArapUrvaka kisa taraha se kisaprakAra kI bhASA kA prayoga karanA cAhie - yaha bhI eka mahattvapUrNa bhASA ke lie anivArya hai| AgamoM meM pratyeka ke alaga-alaga pada diye gaye haiN| yadi vaha 'ege AyA' aisA kathana karatA hai, to 'ekavacana' kI apekSA eka AtmA kA bodha hotA hai| yadi duvihA davvA paNNattA' --aisA kathana karatA hai, to dravya ke do prakAra samajha meM Ate haiN| AgamoM ke hI sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga Adi sUtroM meM bhASA para kaI prakAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jisameM zabda ke AkAra evaM prakAra se do-do vizeSatAyeM dI gaI haiM : bhAsAsadde ceva, NobhAsAsadde cev| bhASA-zabda aura nobhASA-zabda / bhAsAsadda - akSara-saMbaddha (varNaNAtmaka) aura noakSara-saMbaddha / NobhAsAsadya - Atodya-vAditya aura no-Atodya-zabda / Aujjasadye - tata aura vitata / tata - ghana aura shussir| vitata - ghara aura shussir| NoAujjasadya - bhUSaNa zabda aura nobhUSaNa zabda / NobhUsaNasadya - tAla zabda aura lattikA zabda / arthAt jIva ke vacanayoga se pragaTa hone vAlA zabda 'bhASA zabda' hai| isake prahAra, saMghAta se bhI zabda kI utpatti hotI hai| ghar3I kI suIyA~ calane se yA mazIna ke calane se bhI zabda kI utpatti hotI hai| aura kucha aise zabda bhI hote haiM, jo bheda ko pragaTa karate haiN| bheda se zabda kI utpatti tar3a-tar3a, caTa-caTa Adi ke rUpa meM bhI hotI hai| bhASA-vacana-vyavahAra jaisAki Upara prayoga meM bhASA-zabda, nobhASA-zabda, akSara-saMbaddha, noakSara-saMbaddha Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhASA-bheda kA prakAra hai| yadi bhASA ko vacana ke rUpa meM prayukta karate haiM, to samasta bhASAoM meM mUlata: ekavacana aura bahuvacana ke prayoga kI sUcanA sAmane AtI hai| parantu saMskRta ke vacana kI dRSTi se isa para vicAra karate haiM, to ekavacana, dvivacana aura bahuvacana ye tIna prakAra sAmane Ate haiN| zaurasenI, arddhamAgadhI, mahArASTrI Adi prAkRtoM, aMgrejI-vidhAnoM evaM anya sabhI prakAra ke hindI bhASA-vibhASA Adi meM ekavacana aura bahuvacana ke prayoga hote haiN| ___ vacana kA apanA eka niyama hai, yadi vaha strIvAcI hai, to strIvacana; puruSavAcI hai, to puruSavacana aura napuMsakavAcI hai, to napuMsakavacana bhI hai| isameM kSetrIya bhASA-dRSTikoNa nahIM hotA; apitu strI-puruSa aura napuMsaka ke prayoga se usake sUtra tadpa kahe jAte haiN| yadi ve hI vacana atIta, pratyutpanna (vartamAna) aura anAgata dRSTi se prayoga kiye gaye haiM; to atIta-vacana, pratyutpanna-vacana aura anAgata-vacana kahalAte haiN| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0057

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'SaTkhaNDAgama' (1/1/1 pR0 86-90) meM 'arthanaya' aura 'vyaMjananaya' --ye do naya ke bheda karane ke uparAnta vivecanakAra ne "zabda: samabhirUr3ha evaMbhUta iti / " se zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta -- ina tIna nayoM ko vyaMjananaya meM rakhA gayA hai| "zabdapRSThato'rthagrahaNapravaNa: zabdanaya / " arthAt zabda ke AdhAra se artha ke grahaNa karane meM samartha 'zabdanaya' hai| isameM liMga, saMkhyA, kAla, kAraka, puruSa aura upagraha ke vyabhicAra kI nivRtti hotI hai| vivecanakAra ne isa para paryApta prakAza DAlA hai| zabda-bheda se jo nAnA arthoM meM abhirUr3ha hotA hai, use 'samabhirUr3ha' kahA jAtA hai| isameM indra, purandara aura zakra tInoM paryAyavAcI haiM; para tInoM kA artha alaga-alaga hai| ata: 'naya' kI bhASA meM paryAyavAcI zabda, zabda to hote haiM; para ve bhinna-bhinna arthoM se alaMga-alaga haiM --aisA bhI AbhAsa karAte haiN| isI taraha 'evaMbhUtanaya' jisa zabda kA jo vAcya hai, vaha tadarUpa kriyA se pariNata samaya meM hI pAyA jAtA hai| use jo viSaya karatA hai, use 'bhUtanaya' kahate haiN| isa naya kI dRSTi meM padoM kA samAsa nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki bhinna-bhinna kAlavartI aura bhinna-bhinna artha vAle zabdoM meM ekapane kA virodha hai| 'dhavalA' TIkAkAra kI yaha bhASA- dRSTi bhASA ke usa bheda para prakAza DAlatI hai; jisameM liMga, kAraka, saMkhyA, kAla, puruSa Adi kA vaiziSTya banA rahatA hai| kahA hai"tato yathAliMgaM yathAsaMkhyaM yathAsAdhanAdi ca nyaaymbhidhaanmiti|" -(dhavalA pR0 90) arthAt samAna liMga, samAna saMkhyA, samAna sAdhana Adi kA kathana karanA samIcIna mAnA gayA hai| zabda vacana para AdhArita hote haiM arthAt jitane vacana-vyavahAra haiM, utane hI nayavAda haiN| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vAkya, vacana, pada Adi vyavahAra se jisa rUpa ko prApta hote haiM; vahIM dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se usI rUpa ko prApta ho jAtI hai| bhASA kA viSaya vyApaka hai| yadi use kSetra kI daSTi se dekhA gayA, to zUrasena ke kSetra mathurA evaM usake AsapAsa sImAvartI sthAnoM para jo bhASA kA svarUpa hajAroM varSa pahale prApta hotA hai, vaha apane Apa hI 'zaurasenI bhASA' arthAt eka aisI prAkRta bhASA kA ullekha kara jAtA, jisameM SaTkhaNDAgama, pravacanasAra, samayasAra, niyamasAra Adi pAhuDagrantha, SaTkhaNDAgama evaM usakI dhavalA Adi TIkAyeM, tiloyapaNNatti, trilokasAra, dravyasaMgraha, gommaTasAra Adi granthoM evaM granthakAroM ke prayogoM kA bhI AbhAsa hai| arddhamagadha kSetra evaM usake AsapAsa meM bolI jAne vAlI bhASA 'arddhamAgadhI' aura sampUrNa magadha ke janasAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ke dvArA bolI jAne vAlI bhASA 'mAgadhI' aura sampUrNa prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke vikAsa ke AdhAra para vyApaka kSetra kI bhASA 'mahArASTrI' ne apanA sthAna bnaayaa| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki bhASA kA apanA svarUpa pRthak-pRthak hotA gyaa| usameM bhAva aura prakriyA ke niyama ne jo svarUpa pradAna kiyA, vahI bhASA 00 58 prAkRtavidyA-apraila-jUna '2000

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vaijJAnikoM ke mAdhyama se pRthak pRthak nAmakaraNa ko prApta huA / 1 hai mAnava- - sRSTi kA jitanA mahattva hai, utanA hI bhASA ke vikAsa kA bhI mahattva DaoN. nemicanda zAstrI ne 'prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke AlocanAtmaka itihAsa' nAmaka pustaka meM bhASA ke viSaya meM kathana kiyA hai ki " manuSya ke vikAsa ke sAtha-sAtha vANI kA bhI vikAsa huA hai| ataeva AdikAla meM yadi bhinna-bhinna bhASAyeM AraMbha se hI vikasita huI hoN| yadi eka hI sthAna para susaMgaThita rUpa meM manuSya, samudAya kA ArvibhAva mAnA jAye; to AraMbha meM eka bhASA kA astitva svayameva siddha ho jAtA hai / parantu sthAna aura kAlabheda se hI bhASAoM meM vaividhya utpanna hotA hai| tathya yaha hai ki mUlabhASA ka thI, aneka rUpa meM jaisI bhI rahI ho, para bhaugolika paristhitiyoM kA AdhAra pAkara vikAsa va vistAra ke AdhAra ko prApta karatI rahI hai / 1 jinavANI bhASA kA svarUpa kyA thA? kyA hai ? -- yaha eka prazna sAmane aayaa| yadi isa para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, to artharUpa meM sarvajJa arhat prabhu ke vacana 'divyadhvani' ko prApta hote haiM, jo sabhI ko mAnya evaM prAmANika haiN| sAtha hI sAtha vaha vItarAga - vANI samavazaraNa meM samAgata manuSya evaM sabhI prakAra ke tiryaJcoM ko bhI samajha meM AtI hai / sarvajJa vItarAga kI vANI ko 'jinavANI' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, jise 'sarvabhASAtmaka' kahA jAtA hai| parantu sarvabhASA garbhita se yaha abhiprAya hai ki jo bhI divya - dezanA ko sunatA hai, vaha cAhe aTThAraha mahAbhASAoM yA sAta sau kSudra bhASAoM se yukta kyoM na ho, usako akSara yA anakSara sabhI ko samajha meM A jAte haiM / jo mUla divyadhvani hai, usameM artha kA samAveza hai aura unake hI pramukha ziSya gautama gaNadhara sUtrabaddha karate haiM aura Age vikAsa aura vistAra karate-karate eka se aneka bhASAyeM banatI jAtI haiN| una sabhI bhASAoM ke parivAra ko kSetrIya dRSTi se bhASA vaijJAnikoM ne bAraha parivAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA / prAkRtabhASA ke parivAra ko 'bhAropIya parivAra' meM rakhA gayA aura isa parivAra kA bhI vibhAjana huaa| kSetrIya dRSTi se 'AryabhASA' aura 'AryabhASA' meM bhI sthAna vizeSa ke kAraNa zaurasenI, arddhamAgadhI, mAgadhI, pAli, paizAcI, cUlikA Adi nAma diyA gayA / ataH bhASA kSetrIya svarUpa zaurasenI Adi bhI haiM / dhyAnarata - sAdhu "ye vyAkhyAnti na zAstraM na dadAti dIkSAdikaJca ziSyANAm / karmonmUlanazakta dhyAnaratAstetra sAdhavo jJeyAH / / " (kriyAkalApa / / 5 / / pRSTha 143 ) artha:- jo muni na vyAkhyAna dete haiM, na hI zAstra - racanA karate haiM, aura na hI ziSyoM ko dIkSA Adi dete haiM; aise karmoM ke vinAza meM samartha dhyAnalIna (jJAnadhyAnataporaktA) puruSoM ko 'sAdhu' jAnanA cAhiye / ** prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 59

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mahAkavi svayaMbhUkRta 'paumacariu' ke 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM vidyAdharoM kA deza bhArata -zrImatI snehalatA jaina samAja aura saMskRti kA pArasparika aTUTa sambandha hai / manuSya jaba apanI saMskRti se prerita hokara samAja kI unnati ke lie koI kArya karatA hai, to usa kArya se usakI sabhyatA ke darzana hote haiM / isI taraha saMskRti aura sAhitya kA bhI aTUTa sambandha hai / samAja meM rahate hue sAhityakAra para bhI apanI saMskRti kA pratyakSa athavA apratyakSa prabhAva par3atA hai, jisakI abhivyakti anAyAsa usake sAhitya meM ho jAtI hai / vahI sAhityakAra apane sAhitya ke mAdhyama se cirasthAyI kIrti prApta kara sakatA hai, jo apane sAhitya ko bahujana hitAya banAne kI cintA se yukta huA sampUrNa sAMskRtika paramparA para vicAra karake sampUrNa samAja ko usake vAstavika rUpa ke darzana karAne tathA sahI mArga dikhalAne kA dAyitva bhI grahaNa karatA hai / kavi svayaMbhU bhI sAhityakAra ke dAyitva kA nirvAha karane meM pUrNa samartha rahe / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti aura sAhitya ke jAne mAne samIkSaka paM0 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne kahA hai-- "hamAre isI yuga meM nahIM, hindI kavitA ke pA~coM yugoM meM svayambhU sabase bar3e kavi the / ve bhArata ke eka darjana amara kaviyoM meM se eka the|" mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne apane 'paumacariu ' ke 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM vaidika aura zramaNa - paramparA ke mela se nirmita bhAratIya sabhyatA va saMskRti kA citraNa to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI vibhinna ghaTanAoM ke mAdhyama se isa tathya ko bhI ujAgara kiyA hai ki "vaidika-paramparA ke vibhinna vargoM meM vibhAjita anuyAyiyoM meM paraspara kitanA hI vaimanasya rahA ho, kintu zramaNa-paramparA ke anuyAyiyoM ke sAtha inake madhura sambandha the; sAtha hI zramaNa- paramparA ke logoM dvArA bhI inake bIca kabhI hastakSepa nahIM kiyA gayA / " yaha akelA 'vidyAdhara kANDa' hI apane Apa meM itanA nirapekSa hai ki isakA pAThaka svayaMbhU ke samaya taka arthAt 8vIM zatI taka anavaratarUpa se pravAhita bhAratIya - saMskRti se avagata to hotA hI hai; sAtha hI apane jIvana ko sArthaka banAne kA sAmarthya bhI pAtA hai / isa 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM kula 20 sandhiyA~ hai, jinameM prArambha kI 4 sandhiyA~ 'ikSvAku prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000 60

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vaMza' se saMbaMdhita hai tathA zramaNa-paramparA kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| isake pramukha pratinidhi (1) RSabhajina, (2) bhagavAn bAhubali rahe haiN| Age kI 16 sandhiyA~ vidyAdhara-vaMza se sambandhita haiN| vaise to vidyAdhara-vaMza bhI ikSvAkuvaMzI RSabhadeva dvArA hI sthApita kiyA gayA hai|) isa vidyAdhara-vaMza se hI zreSTha va hInatA kI bhAvanA se grasita rAkSasa evaM vAnara-vaMzoM kA udbhava huaa| yaha vidyAdhara-vaMza hI apane samasta vibhAjita vargoM sahita vaidika-paramparA kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| isa vaidika-paramparA ke pramukha pratinidhi indra (davendra nahIM), rAvaNa va bAli rahe haiM; jo kramaza: vidyAdhara, rAkSasa va vAnara vaMza kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| ___ina donoM paramparAoM ke pratinidhiyoM ko bhAva yA naitikatA ke AdhAra para do vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama varga meM hai-- RSabhajina, bAhubali, baali| dUsare varga meM hai-- bharata, indra, raavnn| RSabhajina anekoM vidyAoM ke jJAtA hote hue bhI apane zuddhasvabhAva meM sthita haiN| bAhubali va bAli donoM hI aise viziSTa pAtra haiM, jinheM svacetanA kI kiMcit bhI paratantratA mAnya nahIM hai| pratyeka manuSya kI samAnatA va svatantratA ke udghoSaka inake mana meM sabhI ke prati sammAnabhAva kA udaya hotA hai| aise vyakti vaiyaktika abhyudaya ke bajAya sarvodaya ke icchuka hote haiM tathA sabhI taraha ke bhayoM se mukta evaM nirbhIka ho tanAvamukta va zAntiyukta jiMdagI jIte haiN| bAli usa vAnaravaMza' ke zaktizAlI pratinidhi haiM, jisa vaMza meM bAli ke hone se pahale koI pratApI rAjA nahIM huA thA; ata: ye kabhI vidyAdhara-vaMza' ke rAjAoM se apamAnita hote the, to kabhI rAkSasavaMzI rAjAoM kI adhInatA meM jIte the| ___dUsare varga meM indra (eka pRthvI kA rAjA) usa 'vidyAdhara vaMza' kA pratinidhi rAjA hai, jo ikSvAkuvaMzIya rAjA se hI Azraya evaM vidyA grahaNa kara apane Apako zaktizAlI vidyAdhara mAnane lgaa| usakI isa hI pravRtti se AbhAsa hotA hai ki zAyada vaidika-paramparA meM apane Apako zreSTha mAnanevAloM ne 'Arya' zabda bhI zramaNa-paramparA se hI grahaNa kiyA dhIre-dhIre ina vidyAdharoM meM zAsana karane kI pravRtti bar3hatI gyii| kucha samaya taka to ye rAjA isa zAsana-pravRtti meM saphala rahe; kintu Age rAkSasavaMza meM rAvaNa ke zaktizAlI hone.para donoM meM eka-dUsare ko adhIna karane kI hor3a laga gyii| vAnaravaMza meM abhI taka koI itanA zaktizAlI rAjA nahIM thaa| vidyAdhara-vaMza va rAkSasavaMza cAhate the ki yaha zaktihIna vAnaravaMza unhIM ke lie jiye| ___ aba Age 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM kavi svayaMbhU dvArA nirdiSTa una sabhI ghaTanAcakroM kA ullekha karane kA prayAsa kiyA jA rahA hai, jisase apane bhArata deza kI saMskRti se paricita hokara usako adhogAmI hone se roka sakeM tathA unnayana meM yogadAna de skeN| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 10 61

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'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM bharatakSetra kI zramaNa-paramparA ikSvAkuvaMza ke nAyaka RSabhajina ko kevalajJAna prApta hone ke bAda unake putra bharata ko cakraratna prApta huaa| usake dvArA sabako apane adhIna siddha kara lene ke bAda bharata kI adhInatA mAtra svAbhimAnI bAhubali ne svIkAra nahIM kI / bharata ne jaba bAhubali se AjJA manavAne hetu apane dUta bheje, to bAhubali ne dUta ko apamAnita kara tathA garajakara kahA - "eka pitA kI AjJA svIkAra kI thI, dUsarI AjJA svIkAra nahIM kI jA sakatI / pravAsa karate samaya parama jinezvara ne jo kucha bhI vibhAjana karake diyA hai, vahI hamArA sukhanidhAna zAsana hai; nA hI maiM letA hU~, nA hI detA huuN|" isase bharata va bAhubali meM yuddha huaa| yuddha meM bAhubali vijayI huye / anta meM bharata bAhubali ke pAsa jAkara bole--"dharatI tumhArI hai, maiM tumhArA dAsa hU~ / " yaha sunate hI bAhubali ko vairAgya utpanna ho gayA / prArambha kI 4 saMdhiyoM ke bAda zramaNa paramparA kI eka aura ghaTanA kA ullekha caudahavIM saMdhi meM milatA hai, jisameM rAkSasavaMzI rAjA rAvaNa dvArA vidyAdhararAja indra ke prati yuddha meM meM prayANa karate samaya ikSvAkuvaMzI sahasrakiraNa kI jalakrIr3A se rAvaNa kI pUjA vighna par3a jAtA hai / vighna ko lekara rAvaNa va sahasrakiraNa ke bIca hue yuddha meM sahasrakiraNa rAvaNa dvArA bandI banA liyA jAtA hai; tabhI jaMghAcaraNa muni dvArA apane putra sahasrakiraNa ko mukta karane ke lie kahane para rAvaNa ne yaha kahate hue zIghra hI mukta kara diyA ki "merA inake sAtha kisa bAta kA krodha ? kevala pUjA ko lekara hama meM yuddha huA thA / Aja bhI prabhu haiN| " ye 'vidyAdhara kANDa' meM bharatakSetra kI vaidika-paramparA prArambha meM tInoM vaMzoM vidyAdharoM meM 'vidyAdhara vaMza' ke rAjA sabase adhika zaktizAlI the| vAnaravaMza ke vidyAdharoM meM bAli jaise zaktimAna rAjA ke hone se pUrva taka 'vAnaravaMza' va 'rAkSasavaMza' meM maitrI va prema ke sambandha rahe haiM / 'vidyAdhara vaMza' ke sAtha huye yuddha meM 'rAkSasavaMza' ne 'vAnaravaMza' kA sAtha diyA hai / jaise-- 1. vidyAdhara 'vidyAmaMdira' kI kanyA 'zrImAlA' ne jaba vidyamAna sabhI vidyAdharavaMzI rAjAoM ko chor3akara vAnaravaMza ke 'kiSkindha' ko mAlA pahanA dI, to vidyAdharavaMza kA 'vijayasiMha' bhar3aka uThA ki "zreSTha vidyAdharoM ke madhya vAnaroM ko praveza kyoM diyA gayA, ata: vara ko mAra vAnaravaMza kI jar3a ukhAr3a do|" yaha suna vAnaravaMzIya rAjA 'andhaka' ne lalakArA-- "tuma vidyAdhara aura hama vAnara, yaha kauna - sA chala hai|" taba ina donoM vaMzoM ke bIca hue isa yuddha meM rAkSasavaMza kA rAjA 'sukeza' vAnaravaMza kI tarapha se ldd'aa| jaba yuddha meM vidyAdhara 'bhindapAla' se Ahata hokara 'kiSkindha' mUcchita ho gayA, to 'sukeza' kiSkindha ko lekara apane sAtha pAtAlaloka gayA / 'vidyAdhara vaMza' ke 'vidyut-vAhana' ne 'kiSkindha' va 'sukeza' ke nagara pramukhoM kA apaharaNa kara vahA~ ke vidyAdharoM ko apane prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 62

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adhIna banA liyaa| ___ 2. kucha samaya bAda rAkSasavaMza meM bhI sukeza-putra 'mAlI' zaktizAlI zAsaka huaa| sukeza dvArA mAlI ko yaha batAne para ki "laMkA-nagarI vidyAdharoM dvArA hamane chIna lI gayI hai, cAroM aura duzmanoM kI zaMkA hai, kahA~ jAyeM?" yaha suna mAlI pradIpta ho uThA aura usane vidyAdhararAja nidhati' ko mArakara puna: laMkA para apanA Adhipatya kara liyA aura sabhI vidyAdharoM ko bhI apane adhIna kara liyaa| 3. vidyAdharavaMza meM rAjA sahasrAra ke zaktizAlI 'indra' nAmaka putra huaa| indra ke zaktizAlI hone para mAlI ke adhInastha vidyAdhara puna: indra se jAkara mila gye| indra ke sAtha huye yuddha meM vAnaravaMzI rAjAoM ne mAlI kA sAtha diyaa| yuddha meM mAlI ke astra viphala hone para vidyAdharavaMzI indra apane Apako dava' sambodhita karate hue mAli se kahatA hai--"are mAnava ! kyA deva ke dAnava (rAkSasavaMza) Tika sakate haiM?" tabhI mAli ne kahA--"tuma kauna se deva ho, tumane to kevala indrajAla sIkhA hai|" isa yuddha meM vidyAdhararAja indra vijayI huA aura puna: laMkA para adhikAra kara liyaa| 4. phira rAkSasavaMza meM rAvaNa sabase adhika zaktizAlI zAsaka siddha huaa| usane vidyAdharoM ko Ahata kara puna: laMkA para apanA Adhipatya kara liyaa| rAvaNa ke hone se aba rAkSasavaMza vidyAdharavaMza kI tulanA meM adhika balazAlI huaa| 5. puna: vAnaravaMzI 'kiSkindha' ke beToM ke sAtha vidyAdhara 'yama' ke dvArA huye yuddha meM rAvaNa ne vAnaravaMziyoM kA sAtha dekara yama ke sAtha yuddha kiyaa| vidyAdharoM ko parAjita to kiyA hI sAtha hI, yama ne apanI nagarI meM bahuta se logoM ko santrasta kara rakhA thA, unako bhI mukta karavAyA tathA kiSkindha ke beToM ko puna: 'kiSkindhapurI' dilvaayii| 6. Age kucha samaya pazcAt vAnaravaMza meM utpanna huye bAli ne aba taka kI rAkSasoM ke adhIna vAnaroM kI rahane kI jo paramparA thI, vaha tor3a dI aura usane apanA alaga hI astitva banAyA, jisase rAvaNa ne AzaMkita ho bAli se yuddha kiyaa| yuddha meM bAli kI abhUtapUrva vijaya huii| rAvaNa ne bAli kI vandanA kara apanI svayaM kI nindA bhI kii| bAli ke dvArA zramaNadIkSA aMgIkAra kara lie jAne para punaH vAnaravaMza rAkSasavaMza ke adhIna ho gyaa| vaise to vidyAdhara kANDa' kI kathA kA nirapekSarUpa yahIM samApta ho jAtA hai| mAtra Age to zurU hone vAlI rAmakathA ke lie hanumAna nAmaka pAtra ko lAyA gayA hai aura yaha bhI saMketa diyA gayA hai ki jisa hanumAna ne abhI taka rAvaNa ke pakSa meM rahakara jisa parAkrama se vidyAdharavaMzI rAjAoM se yuddha kiyA, vahI hanumAna Age rAma ke pakSa meM rahakara rAvaNa ke sAtha yuddha kregaa| isaprakAra ikSvAkuvaMza cAra sandhi ke bAda Age kA pUrA vidyAdhara kANDa' eka hI mUla prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0063

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se udbhUta vidyAdhara, vAnara, aura rAkSasavaMza ke vidyAdhara rAjAoM kI paramparA, IrSyA, prIti, pratiyogitA, pArivArika kalaha evaM yuddhoM se bharA huA hai| isameM sabase mahattvapUrNa tathya yaha hai ki ye cAhe paraspara kitanA hI lar3e hoM, kintu ina tInoM kA hI ikSvAkuvaMzIya rAjAoM se kisI bhI bAta ko lekara AmanA-sAmanA nahIM huA; balki zramaNa-saMskRti ke prati inakA Adara-sammAna kA bhAva hI rahA hai / zramaNa paramparA ke anuyAyI bhI apane mUla siddhAntoM kA pAlana karate hue apanI bauddhika svatantratA ko kAyama rakhate hue udAravAdI dRSTikoNa se sampUrNa mAnava samAja ke sAtha rahate Aye haiM / isa taraha isa mahAkavi svayaMbhU ne bharatakSetra kI vaidika evaM zramaNa paramparA rUpa donoM dhArAoM se nirmita bhAratIya saMskRti kA svarUpa batAte hue yaha 'vidyAdharakANDa' racA hai| paumacariu ke vidyAdharakANDa ke rAjAoM kI vaMzAvalI :-- 1. ikSvAkuvaMza: - 14 kulakara (pratizruta, sanmati, kSemaMkara, kSemandhara, sImaMkara, sImandhara, cakSuSmAn, yazasvI, vimalavAhana, abhicandra, candrAbha, marudeva, prasenajit aura nAbhirAja), RSabhajina, bharata, bAhubali, dharaNIdhara, trirathajaya, jitazatru, jayasAgara, sagara, bhIma, bhagIratha, muni jaMghAcaraNa, sahasrakiraNa, aNaraNya, anantaratha aura dazaratha / 2. vidyAdharavaMzaH-- nami, vinami, pUrNadhana, meghavAhana, sulocana, sahasranayana, , vidyAmandira, vijayasiMha, azanivega, bhindapAla, vidyudvAhana, sahasrAra, indra, yama, dhanada, candrodara, vaizravaNa, kharadUSaNa, virAdhita, jvalanasiMha, mahendra, prahlAda, pavanajaMya aura hanumAna / 3. rAkSasavaMza: - bhIma, subhIma, toyadavAhana, mahArakSa, devarakSa, kIrtidhavala, taDitkeza, sukeza, zrImAlI, sumAli mAlyavanta, ratnAzrava, dazAnana, bhAnukarNa, vibhISaNa, indrajIta, meghavAhana, hasta, prahasta evaM akSaya kumAra / 4. vAnaravaMzaH- zrIkaMTha, vajrakaNTha, indrAyudha, indramUrti, meru, samundara, pavanagati, raviprabha, amaraprabha, kapidhvaja, pratibala, nayanAnanda, khecarAnanda, girinandana, udadhiratha, praticandra, kiSkindha, andhaka, RkSurAja, sUraraja, nIla, nala, bAlI, sugrIva, jAmbavaMta, zazikaraNa, aMga aura aMgada / sandarbha - hindI kAvyadhArA, rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, pR0 50 (kitAba mahala, ilAhAbAda ) / 64 sarvajJatA kA suprabhAva " tuha vayaNaM ciya sAhai, NUNamaNegaMtavAya vihaDa pahaM / taha hidaya-payAsayaraM, savvaNNUttamappaNo NANa / / " - (usahadeva thudi, 33 ) artha:- he bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ! Apake divyadhvani - prasUta vacana vargaNA hI nizcaya se avazya hI 'anekAMtavAda' ke vikaTa patha ko siddha karate haiM tathA he vRSabhanAtha ! ApakA svayaM kA sarvajJatva hRdaya-kamala ko prakAzita karanevAle sUrya ke samAna hai / ** prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000

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eka krAMti kA janaka : lui brela cAra janavarI 1809 ko phrAMsa meM 'luI brela' kA janma huaa| unake pitA ghor3e para rakhI jAne vAlI jIna va camar3oM kI silAI kA kAma karate the| luI brela jaba tIna varSa ke the, ve eka dina khelate-khelate apane pitA ke pAsa pahu~ca gye| unake pitA apane kAma meM mazagUla the| luI brela suoM se khelane lge| acAnaka eka suA unakI A~kha meM ghusa gayA, jisase unakI A~kheM lahuluhAna ho giiN| unheM DaoNkTara ke pAsa le jAyA gayA, para taba taka kAphI dera ho cukI thI; unakI eka A~kha kharAba ho gaI thii| luI brela ke pitA ko gaharA AghAta lgaa| ve unakI A~kha kA ilAja karAte rahe, para kucha varSoM bAda luI brela kI dUsarI A~kha se bhI rozanI khatma ho gii| ve isa vipatti se vicalita ho uThe the| aMta meM unhoMne saMkalpa liyA ki luI brela ko apAhija nahIM hone deNge| unhoMne luI brela ko par3hAne kA kAma zurU kiyaa| usa samaya dRSTihInoM ko par3hAne ke lie plAsTika va lakar3I ke bane bar3e akSaroM se zikSA dI jAtI thii| vaha eka avaijJAnika tarIkA thaa| isase dRSTihIna alpajJAna hI prApta kara sakate the| ___ luI brela ne kucha dinoM zikSA prApta kii| luIbrela ke socane kI kSamatA bemisAla thii| ve hara vakta kucha na kucha socA hI karate the| eka dina ve baiThakara kucha kara rahe the, to unake hAtha eka pepara va pina A gyaa| pina ko hAtha meM lekara ve kucha socane lage. acAnaka ukta pepara meM vaha pina cubha gii| jaba luI brela ne ukta pina ko pepara se nikAlanA cAhA, to pepara ulaTa gayA aura jisa jagaha vaha pina cubhI thI, vahAM eka ubhAra bana gyaa| luI brela kI jijJAsA bar3ha gii| unhoMne isa pepara para kaI jagaha pina cubhoI aura usake ubhAroM ko mahasUsa kiyaa| inhIM ubhAroM se unheM eka siddhAMta mila gyaa| usI samaya luI brela ne ubhAroM ke sahAre dRSTihInoM ke lie lipi banAne kI bAta socii| isa kAma ko kaise Age bar3hAyA jAe, isI udher3abuna meM ve lage rahate the| ___ eka dina eka riTAyarDa phaujI adhikArI cArlsa bArbiyara se luI brela kI mulAkAta huii| luI brela ne cArlsa bArbiyara ko apanI yojanA ke bAre meM btlaayaa| cArlsa ne kahA hamArI senA ne bhI kucha isI taraha kI lipi banAI hai| sainikoM ko saMdeza bhejane ke lie isa lipi kA istemAla hotA hai| sainika aMdhere meM bhI saMdezoM ko par3ha sakeM, isaliye hAtha prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0065

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ke sahAre par3hI jAne vAlI lipi kI madada lI jAtI thii| cArlsa ne batalAyA isa lipi meM 12 biMdu hote haiN| inhIM 12 biMduoM ke mAdhyama se saMketa diye jAte haiN| luI ko cArlsa bArbiyara kI bAtoM se kAphI rAhata milii| luI brela ne una bAraha biMduoM ke sahAre brela lipi' banAne kI socI, para unheM yaha hicakicAhaTa huI ki 12 biMdu bahuta jyAdA hote haiN| kAphI vicAra karane ke bAda luI brela ne 6 biMduoM ke mAdhyama se lipi banAne kA saMkalpa kiyaa| unhoMne 6 biMduoM ko 63 AkAra diye| luI brela ne jaba brela lipi kA AviSkAra kiyA, usa samaya ve zikSaka ke rUpa meM kAma kara rahe the| unhoMne sabase pahale apane vidyAlaya meM hI isa lipi se baccoM ko par3hAnA zurU kara diyaa| isa lipi ko mAnyatA dene ke lie unhoMne sarakAra se Agraha kiyaa| isake bAda brela meM sleTeM bananI zurU huIM, kitAbeM bnii| isake bAda isa lipi kA dhIre-dhIre pUre vizva meM prasAra huaa| luI brela eka karmaTha vyakti the| apanA mizana pUrA karane meM unhoMne apane svAsthya para bhI dhyAna nahIM diyaa| phalasvarUpa unheM TI0bI0 ho gyii| 1852 meM luIbrela kA nidhana ho gyaa| ekendriyoM kI parigraha-saMjJA 'vanazabdena ca dhavAdInAM' -(AptaparIkSA, svopajJa 5, pRSTha 31) artha:- vana zabda se dhava, palAza Adi aneka vRkSAdi padArthoM ke samUha kA jJAna hotA 'dhava' vRkSa nidhi ko pakar3atA hai --aisI mAnyatA hai 'na' dhavasya aprAptanidhigrAhiNa upalambhAt / alAbU valayAdInAmaprAptavRttivRkSAdi grahaNopalambhAt / / -(dhavalA vagga0, 5/5/24, pRSTha 220) artha:- nahIM, kyoMki dhava vRkSa aprApta nidhi ko grahaNa karatA huA dekhA jAtA hai aura tUMbaDI kI latAdi aprApta bADI va vRkSa Adi ko grahaNa karatI huI dekhI jAtI hai| isase zeSa cAra indriyA~ bhI aprApta artha ko grahaNa kara sakatI haiM, yaha siddha hai| -(dhava kAtantra, pRSTha 354, dvitIya khaNDa) yaha eka vicitra saMyoga hai ki vRkSa ekendriya hote hue bhI 'parigrahasaMjJA' ke prabhAva se dhana-sampatti ko pakar3atA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki saMbhavata: aise hI saMskAroM ke prabhAva se saMjJI-paMcendriya 'tyAgI-vratI' padadhArI hokara bhI Aja jIvoM kI parigraha ko pakar3ane (saMgraha karane) kI pravRtti chUTa nahIM rahI hai| balki saMjJI paMcendriyatva ke prabhAva se ve virakta-pada para hote hue bhI parigraha-saMgraha ke avasara evaM bahAne khojakara apekSAkRta anya jIvoM ke adhika parigraha-saMcaya meM lage hue haiN| 1066 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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jaina vAGmaya meM droNagiri -DaoN0 lAlacanda jaina jaina manISiyoM ne vibhinna kAloM tathA vibhinna (tatkAlIna prAkRta, saMskRti Adi) bhASAoM meM pracura sAhitya-sRjana kara bhAratIya sAhitya-bhaMDAra ko samRddha kiyaa| ukta sAhitya kA Alokana karane se sonAgiri, papaurA, AhAra, khajurAho, kuNDalapura, nainAgiri rizaMdIgiri) droNagiri Adi bundelakhaNDa ke pavitra tIrthoM kA itihAsa aura tatsaMbaMdhI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAoM kI jAnakArI hotI hai| 'droNagiri' eka aisA pAvana kSetra hai, jise gurudatta Adi munirAjoM ne vihAra kara yahA~ ke kaNa-kaNa ko apane caraNaraja se pavitra kiyaa| yahIM para sAdhanA kara tathA bhayaMkara upasarga sahana kara unhoMne kevalajJAna prApta kiyA aura aMta meM aghAtiyA karmoM kA nirmUla kSaya karake mukta hue| isa kAraNa droNagiri 'siddhakSetra' ke nAma se vizva-vizruta hai| isaprakAra ke dharmapreraNA ke srota tathA 28 kalAtmaka jina-mandiroM se yukta droNagiri ke saMbaMdha meM pracura sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hai| AcArya kundakunda, zivArya, pUjyapAda, hariSeNa, zrutasAgara sUri prabhRti manISI santoM kI kRtiyoM meM droNagiri-saMbaMdhI itihAsa aura saMskRti kI svalpa jAnakArI milatI hai| phalata: yahA~ unakA vizleSaNa karanA apekSita hai| __ 1. AcArya kundakunda :- droNagiri-zikhara kA ullekha AcArya kundakunda (I0 san prathama zatAbdI) kRta 'nirvANa-bhakti' kI nimnAMkita gAthA meM sarvaprathama huA hai : "phalahoDI-varagAme pacchima-bhAyammi donngiri-sihre| gurudattAi-muNiMdA NivvANa-gayA Namo tesiM / / 14 / / " ukta gAthA meM nimnAMkita tathya prastuta kiye gaye haiM:(i) prAcInakAla meM 'phalahoDI' nAmaka grAma AsapAsa ke sabhI grAmoM se zreSTha thaa| (i) usa 'phalahoDI grAma' ke pazcima dizA kI ora 'droNagiri' nAmaka parvata thaa| (iii) usake zikhara se 'gurudatta' Adi muniyoM ko nirvANa kI prApti huI thii| ukta gAthA anya nirvANa-kANDoM meM bhI upalabdha hai| isakA saMskRta evaM hindI anuvAda bhI gAthAnurUpa kiyA gayA hai| yathA prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 67

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"phalahoDI bar3agrAme pazcimabhAge droNagirizikhare / nirvANagatA: namastebhyaH / / 22 gurudattAdi-muniMdrA : "phalahoDI bar3agAma anUpa, pazcima dizA droNagirirUpa / gurudattAdi munIsura jahA~, mukti gaye vanda nita tahA~ / / " 2. AcArya zivArya :- prathama zatAbdI ke AcArya zivArya kI 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' nAmaka grantha meM kahA gayA hai : "hatyiNApura gurudatta saMbaliyAlI va doNimaMtammi / ujjhato adhiyAsima paDivaNNo uttamaM aTTha / / " AcArya zivArya kI ukta gAthA se phalita hotA hai ki(ka) gurudatta muni hastinApura ke rahane vAle the| I (kha) 'saMbalithAlI' kI taraha arthAt jisa taraha eka bartana meM ur3ada kI phaliyA~ bharakara use Aka ke patroM se Dha~kakara aura usake mukha ko nIce kI ora karake aura cAroM ora se Aga lagAkara pakAyA jAtA hai, usIprakAra ruI se lapeTakara muni gurudatta ke mastaka para Aga lagA dI gaI thii| use jalI huI agni kI vedanArUpI upasarga sahane kara 'droNImaMta' parvata se unheM mokSa kI prApti huI thii| (ga) zivArya ne 'droNagiri zikhara' ko 'droNimaMta' kahA hai| aisA kahakara bhrama ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai ki 'droNigiri' aura 'droNimaMta' donoM bhinna haiM yA abhinna ? - isa saMbaMdha meM Age cintana kiyA jAyegA / (gha) AcArya zivArya ne A0 kundakunda kI taraha 'droNimaMta parvata' kI sthiti kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / 68 ---- 3. AcArya pUjyapAda I0 san pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke sarvamAnya AcArya ne pUjyapAda saMskRta bhASA meM bhaktiyoM kI racanA kI hai| unhoMne 'nirvANa - bhakti' meM 'droNimati parvata'. se mukta hue aneka munirAjoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| 1 4 pUjyapAda 'droNimaMta parvata' kI sthiti ke saMbaMdha meM to mauna haiM hI, ve isa saMbaMdha meM bhI mauna haiM ki kauna-kauna se viziSTa muni kisa prakAra ukta parvata se mukta hue ? dUsare zabdoM meM kundakunda aura zivArya kI taraha gurudatta muni ke ukta parvata se mukta hone kA ullekha na karake unhoMne mAtra yahA~ se mukta hone vAle muniyoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| 4. AcArya hariSeNa :-- I0 san 10vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya hariSeNa ke dvArA 'anuSTup chanda' meM saMracita 'bRhatkathA koza" ke 'gajakumAra kathAnakam' meM batalAyA hai ki hastinApura ke rAjA vijayadatta aura rAnI vijayA ke putra gurudatta kA vivAha lATadeza ke pUrvottara dizA bhAga meM 'toNimad bhUdhara" nAmaka parvata ke samIpa sthita candrapurI ke rAjA candrakIrti evaM candralekhA kI abhayamatI nAmaka kanyA se huA thA / candrapurI ke logoM dvArA prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000

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yaha batalAye jAne para ki 'toNimat' parvata kI guphA meM sthita bhayaMkara siMha ke upadrava se sabhI loga du:khI haiM, gurudatta senA samudAya ke sAtha toNimat parvata gayA aura guphA ke mukha- paryanta tRNAdi bharakara usameM Aga lagA dI, jisake phalasvarUpa vaha siMha guphA ke andara mara gayA aura usI nagara ke eka brAhmaNa ke yahA~ kapila nAmaka putra ke rUpa meM utpanna huaa| gurudatta rAjA kAlAntara meM jaina - dIkSA lekara muni ho gaye / vihAra karate hue ve 'toNimat parvata' para aaye| jaba ve dhyAnastha the, to kapila ne bhrama se krodhita hokara pairoM se lekara mastaka - paryanta ruI lapeTakara unake mastaka meM Aga lagA dI / unhoMne usa upasarga ko dhairyapUrvaka sahana kiyA; jisake pariNAmasvarUpa unheM kevalajJAna ho gyaa| isa kathAnaka se spaSTa hai ki -- (i) gurudatta kuruvaMzI hastinApura ke rAjA the / (ii) vRhatkathAkoza meM pA~ca sthaloM para toNimat parvata kA ullekha huA, jo lATadeza meM candrapurI ke pazcima-dakSiNa meM sthita thA / isI parvata meM sthita guphA meM eka siMha rahatA thaa| (iii) gurudatta ne muni - dIkSA lekara Aga kI dahana - vedanA rUpa upasarga sahana karake toNimata parvata para kevalI hue the / 5. prabhAcandra : - - DaoN0 nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ke anusAra I0 san 11vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya prabhAcandra ne saMskRta bhASA meM gadyamaya 'kathAkoza' kI racanA kI thii|' isameM AI 'hastinAgapura-gurudatta' nAmaka kathA kA kathAnaka 'vRhatkathAkoza' kA anugAmI hai / vizeSatA yaha hai ki hariSeNa ne jise 'droNimad parvata' kahA hai, prabhAcandra ne use 'droNIparvata' aura 'droNImati parvata' kahA hai / ' 10 6. brahmacArI zrI nemidatta :- vi0 kI 16vIM zatI ke kavi bhaTTAraka mallibhUSaNa ke ziSya tathA neminAtha, zrIpAlacarita, ArAdhanAkoza Adi 12 granthoM ke racayitA bra0 madatta ne 'gurudatta muni kI kathA' nAmaka zIrSaka kA kathAnaka 'vRhadkathAkoza' kI taraha hai|" lekina isameM 'droNiparvata' ke sthAna para 'droNImAna' parvata kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isake alAvA zeSa saMbaMdhita tathya hariSeNa kI taraha batalAye gaye haiM / toNi, toNimata, droNimaMta, droNimati, droNI Adi zabdoM para vicAra karane se jJAta hotA hai ki inameM kevala zabdoM kA aMtara hai, vAstavika nhiiN| paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ne 'droNimaMta' kA anuvAda 'droNagiri' kiyA hai / isIprakAra DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye ne 'toNi' yA 'toNimata' ko 'droNagiri' kA vAcaka mAnA hai / ataH ukta zabda 'droNagiri' se abhinna haiM / : 7. AcArya zrutasAgara sUri vi0saM0 16vIM zatAbdI ke bahuzruta vidvAn AcArya zrutasAgara sUri ne 'bodhapAhuDa' kI 27vIM gAthA kI TIkA meM anya tIrtha parvatoM ke sAtha 'droNIgiri' parvata kA ullekha karate hue usakI vandanA karane kI preraNA pradAna kI hai| zrutasAgara sUri ne 'droNagiri' ko 'droNIgiri' kahA hai; kintu A0 pUjyapAda kI taraha isase saMbaMdhita tathyoM ke saMbaMdha meM ve bhI mauna haiN| prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 69

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: guNakIrti 15vIM zatI ke marAThI bhASA ke kavi haiM / inheM 8. guNakIrta gRhasthAvasthA meM guNadAsa nAma jAnA jAtA thA / 'dharmAmRta' nAmaka prAcInatama gadyamaya likhita grantha meM yadyapi droNagiri parvata aura gurudatta muni kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kintu 'phalahoDi grAmi AhUDha koDi siddhAsi namaskuru mAjhA / ' kahakara 'phalahoDi grAma' se mukta hue 82 karor3a siddhoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ 'phalahoDi grAma' kA nihitArtha 'phaloDi grAma' ke samIpa sthita 'droNagiri parvata' hI hai / 13 9. cimaNAthaM 16vIM zatAbdI ke marAThI kavi aura bha0 ajayakIrti ke ziSya paM0 cimaNa ne 'tIrthavandanA' nAmaka grantha meM 'bar3agrAma' nAmaka prasiddha grAma ke pazcima dizA meM sthita aura kailAza parvata kI taraha droNagiri parvata se gurudatta muni ke siddha hone kA ullekha kara AcArya kundakunda kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| uparyukta vivecya sAhitya ke vizleSaNa karane ke pazcAt kahA jA sakatA hai ki--(ka) ukta sAhitya meM droNagiri, droNimaMta, droNimati, droNIgiri, toNimata, droNI parvata, droNImati aura toNimatabhUdhara zabdoM ke prayoga 'droNagiri' nAmaka parvata ke vAcaka ke rUpa hue haiN| (kha) droNagiri se gurudatta Adi munirAjoM ko mokSa kI prApti huI thii| isakAraNa yaha siddha tIrthakSetra ke rUpa meM vizruta hai / (ga) droNagiri (parvata) kI sthiti ke saMbaMdha meM do prakAra kI vicAradhArA AI haiN| AcArya kundakunda ne 'droNagiri' ko 'phalahoDI' nAmaka grAma ke pazcima meM batalAyA hai| guNakIrti aura cimaNa paMDita ne katipaya aMzoM meM kundakunda se sahamati prakaTa kI hai| cimaNa paMDita bar3agrAma ke pazcima meM 'droNagiri' ko mAnate haiM / saMbhava hai 16vIM zatAbdI meM 'phalahoDI bar3agrAma' ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gayA ho| kyoMki 'phalahoDI grAma' AsapAsa ke 400 grAmoM se bar3A sarvazreSTha thA / ApTe ne saMskRta - hindI koSa meM 'droNa' zabda kA artha 400 grAmoM kA 'pradhAna naga' bhI batalAyA hai| lekina Ajakala 'phalahoDI' nAmaka grAma nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki 'phalahoDIvara' grAma ke badale cimar3a paMDita ke 'bar3agrAma' ke prayoga ke dekhane se pratIta hotA hai ki chanda-racanA ke kAraNa 'phalahoDI' zabda kA lopa ho gayA aura uccAraNa-bheda ke kAraNa zeSa 'varagrAma' bar3agrAma ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gayA / -- yaha bhI sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki kAlAntara meM 'phalahoDI grAma' ujar3a gayA ho aura bAda meM seMdhapA' (pahAr3oM kI nicalI bhUmi) nAmaka grAma basAyA gayA ho aura aisA honA asambhava bhI nahIM hai / dUsarI ora hariSeNa, prabhAcandra aura bra0 nemidatta kathAkAroM kI mAnyatA hai ki 'droNagiri parvata' lATa deza kI candrapurI ke dakSiNa-pazcima meM sthita thA / prAcIna 'lATa 'deza' vartamAna meM 'gujarAta' ke nAma se prasiddha hai / lekina vahA~ na to koI 'droNagiri' nAmaka parvata hai aura na hI isa nAma vAlA koI tIrthakSetra hai / 00 70 prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000

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prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 grAma | cArTa - 1- droNagiri-digdarzana kra0 AcArya nAma | samIpastha ____dizA | parvata nAma | siddhahasta muni kevalajJAna upasarga vizeSa . grAma prApta kiyA 1. | A0 kundakunda| phalahoDI parvata ke droNagiri | gurudatta Adi nirvANa prApta kiyA pazcima zikhara | muni 2. | A0 zivArya doNimaMta | hastinApura ke agni-jvAlA ke | uttamArtha (mokSa) gurudatta muni dAharUpa upasarga prApta kiyA sahana kara 3. | A0 pUjyapAda doNimati | aneka muni mukta hue 4. | zrutasAgara sUri droNigiri karmakSaya kara mukta hue 5. | guNakIrti phalahoDi grAma AhUDha koDi siddha hue 6. | cimaNa paMDita | bar3agrAma | pazcima dizA droNagiri | gurudatta muni 7. A0 hariSeNa | lATa deza | pUrvottara dizA toNimadbhUdhara| gurudatta muni | kevalajJAna | agni-jvAlA kI kI candrapurI| bhAga meM prApta kiyA | vedanA ko sahanakara A0 prabhAcandra droNI parvata droNImati parvata 9. | bra0 nemidatta droNImAna 4. 00 71

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'phalahoDI' aura 'phalodI' zabdoM meM katipaya samAnatA mAnakara paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne rAjasthAna ke dakSiNa-pazcima meM sthita phalaudI' ko 'phalahoDI' mAnA hai| DaoN0 narendra vidyArthI unake isa mata se sahamata nahIM haiM; kyoMki phalaudI meM zvetAmbara AmnAya kA pArzvanAtha bhagavAn kA maMdira to hai, lekina na to yahA~ koI droNagiri nAmaka pahAr3a hai aura na yaha siddhakSetra ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jisa zera kI guphA ke hone kA ullekha hariSeNa Adi ne kiyA vaha saMdhapA' ke sannikaTa vAle parvata para abhI bhI hai| uparyukta mataikya ke kAraNa prAcIna droNagiri kI sthiti sunizcita nahIM hotI hai, to kyA yaha mAna liyA jAye ki prAcIna siddhakSetra droNagiri kA lopa ho gayA hai? ___isa saMbaMdha meM merI mAnyatA hai ki ukta tIrtha kA lopa mAnanA na to ucita hai aura na trksNgt| kyoMki 'droNagiri' vindhyAcala nAmaka parvata kI eka zreNI hai, jisakA ullekha prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM milatA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki ise siddhakSetra ke rUpa meM khyAti kama se kama 2500 varSa pUrva avazya prApta huI hogii| itane lambe antarAla meM tatkAlIna grAmoM kA nAma parivartana aura khaMDaharoM meM badalanA asaMbhava nahIM hai| isI saMbhAvanA ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'phalahoDI grAma' kAlAntara meM vIrAna ho gayA hogA aura usake naSTa ho jAne para seMdhapA' nAmaka grAma basAyA gayA hogaa| DaoN0 narendra vidyArthI' chatarapura ne bhI likhA hai "droNagiri parvata ke praveza dvAra ke bAyIM ora parvata talabhAga se bilkula lagA huA mahalana bAbA ke mahala kA khaMDahara aba bhI vartamAna hai| jisake AsapAsa aura bhI aise dhvaMsAvazeSa haiM, jisase anumAna hotA hai ki yahI 'phalahoDI gA~va' hogaa| jisake mukhiyA isa mahala ke vAsI mahalana bAbA' rahe hoNge| ujar3a jAne para 'seMdhapA' basAyA gayA hogaa|"" 'laghu sammeda zikhara : droNagiri' ke lekhaka kamalakumAra jaina ne bhI mAnA hai ki "droNagiri parvata kI pUrva dizA meM lagabhaga eka pharlAga dUra calane para eka prAcIna grAma ke avazeSa prApta hote haiM, jo gAthA varNita phalahoDI grAma hI hai| grAma ke avazeSoM, bhavanoM kI AdhAra bhUmi (nIva) Adi dekhane se nizcitarUpa se kahA jAtA hai ki 'phalahoDI grAma' bar3A thA, aura kAlAntara meM ujar3a jAne ke kAraNa nikaTa meM seMdhapA' nAmaka grAma basa gyaa|" ___ata: gurudattAdi muniyoM kI siddhabhUmi ke rUpa meM chatarapura jile meM sthita aura bhaktoM kI AsthA tathA zraddhA kA kendra pUjanIya, vaMdanIya vartamAna siddhakSetra droNagiri ko prAmANika mAnanA nyAyasaMgata hai| saMdarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1-2. paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI : jJAnapITha pUjAJjalI, pR0 426 evaM 428 / 3. gAthA 15471 1072 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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4. "droNimati prabala kuNDale meMDhake ca", zloka 29 / 5. 139vIM kathA, zloka 1-172 / 6. "lATa dezAbhidhe deshe.......| pUrvottara dizAbhAge toNimadbhavadharasya c||" -139/45 7. zloka 139/61-62 / 8. "adhyAsa vedanA ghorAM gurudatto mhaamuni| saMprApya kevalajJAnaM lokaalokaavloknm||" -139/106 9. ArAdhanA kathA-prabandha (kathAkoza) saM0--DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina, AcArya zAntisAgara (chANI) smRti granthamAlA bur3hAnA, san 1990 meM prkaashit| 10. "lATadeze droNIparvata samIpe....... / loka: kadhitama-droNImati parvate vyaaghrstisstthti|" pR0 106-207 / 11. ArAdhanA kathA koza (bhA0 anekAnta vidvatpariSad san 1863) kathA saM0 69 / draSTavya ___ - hindI anuvAda, pR0 197-300 / 12. I. narmadAtaTa droNagiri......jJAtavyAH / SaTprAbhRtAdi-saMgraha (mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti, vi0 1977) bodhaprAbhRta TIkA, pR. 93 / II. aSTapAhuDa (bhA0 anekAnta vidvat-pariSad san 1955), pR0 179-180 / 13. tIrthavaMdana saMgraha (saM0--DaoN0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara, gulAbacandra hIrAcandra doSI jaina, saMskRti saMrakSaka solApura, vI0ni0 2491), pR. 50 / 14. "bar3agrAma sunAma pacchima disaa| droNagiri parvata kailAsa jaisaa| tethe siddha jhAle muni gurudtt| aise tIrtha vaMdA tumhI ekcittaa||" -(zloka 19, draSTavya - tIrthavaMdana saMgraha, pR0 50-51) 15. draSTavya - paM0 bAbUlAla jaina jamAdAra abhinandana grantha, bar3auta, meraTha, san 1981 / _16. vahI, pR0 388 / 17. laghu sammedazikhara : droNagiri, prakAzaka-gaNeza prasAda varNI zodha kendra, droNagiri, chatarapura, ma0pra0, 1988, pR0 7 / kamaNDalu meM hI bhUmaNDala kA arthazAstra hai 'kamaNDalu' bhAratIya saMskRti kA sAropadeSTA hai| usakA AgamanamArga sphIta aura nirgamanamArga saMkucita hai| adhika grahaNa karanA aura alpavyaya karanA arthazAstra kA hI nahIM, sampUrNa lokazAstra kA viSaya hai| saMyama kA pATha kamaNDalu se sIkhanA caahiye| kamaNDalu kA | jala zuddhikArya meM AtA hai| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 73

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'prAkRtavidyA' ke varSa 10 evaM 11,aMka 1-4 meM prakAzita lekhoM kA vivaraNa -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina varSa 10, aMka 1, apraila-jUna 1998 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka / lekhaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. Na hi savvo savvaM jANAdi (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 5-9 2. uccakoTi ke vidvAn puna: taiyAra kareM paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 10-11 3. oDmAgadhI prAkRta : eka paricayAtmaka anuzIlana DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 12-15 4. zaurasenI prAkRta meM prAcIna bhASAtattva / pro0 premasumana jaina 27-37 5. durlabha pANDulipi 'puNNAsavakahA' pro0 rAjArAma jaina 38-45 6. bhArata ke bAhara jaina-saMskRti zrImatI raMjanA jaina 47-52 7. prAkRta meM 'lakAra' kI sthiti DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI 54-61 8. nirdoSa vAcika sahiSNutA kA siddhAMta 'syAdvAda' DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 62-68 9. syAdvAda evaM saptabhaMgI naya 69-73 10. mAgadhI prAkRta kA saMkSipta paricaya 76-78 11. samayasAra ke pATha, kaM0 14 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 79-81 12. ArTa-pepara hiMsaka upakaraNoM se nirmita nahIM hotA pravINa kumAra jaina 82-83 13. 'prAkRtavidyA' meM gatavarSa prakAzita lekhoM kA vivaraNa DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 84-86 pustaka samIkSA1. 'bhagavad-viAhapaNNattI' 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNaM (prathamo bhAga:) 3. amara jaina zahIda | DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 4. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya kI zodha-pravRttiyA~ 15. guNADhya kI kathA 102-106 14. 00 74 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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lekhaka varSa 10, aMka 2, julAI-sitambara 1998 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. vidyA vivAdAya (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 5-8 2. yuvakoM ko saMdeza AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 11-12 3. dharmarUpI ratha ko yuvA hI vahana kareMge munizrI kanakojjvalanaMdi 13-14 4. aucityapUrNa utsava Agamasammata haiM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 15-20 vAstuvidhAna meM maMgalavRkSa zrImatI amitA jaina 21-24 khAravela zilAlekha kaise prakAza meM AyA pro0 rAjArAma jaina 26-28 kaliMga DaoN0 ramezacaMdra majUmadAra 29-30 8. zikSA kI paryAya : sarasvatI zrImatI raMjanA jaina 31-33 9. bharatamuni kI dRSTi meM saMskRta-rUpakoM meM DaoN0 ramezakumAra pANDeya 34-36 prAkRta kI anivAryatA 10. samyagdarzana kA svarUpa pro0 mAdhava raNadive 39-41 11. siddhakSetroM meM caraNacihnoM kA mahattva paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 44-45 12. zaurasenI prAkRta kA kramika vikAsa pro0 gaMgAdhara paNDA 46-48 13. prAkRtabhASA meM racita 'riTTha samuccaya' rAjakumAra jaina 49-57 14. bharata-maMdira iriMgAlakuDA rAjamala jaina 58-66 15. nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa kA jare ko kSamAdAna paM0 jayakumAra upAdhye 67-71 16. samayasAra ke pATha, kaM0 15 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 72-74 'bhUtArtha' aura 'abhUtArtha 75 18. prAkRta par3hane kI AvazyakatA kyoM? DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina 76-80 19. jainadarzana meM zabdArtha-mImAMsA sva0 DaoN0 nemicaMdra zA0 81-83 20. kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa ke kucha sUtra 84-85 11. zaurasenI prAkRta kA udbhava tathA vikAsa DaoN0 rameza canda jaina 86-92 22. AcArya kundakunda samAdhi-saMvat 94 23. pustaka samIkSA 1. mahAbaMdho (pustaka 1-2) 2. mayaNajuddha kavva DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 95-98 3. vaizAlI ke mahAvIra (bAlakAvya) / __ varSa 10, aMka 3-4, (saMyuktAMka) aktUbara-mArca 1998-99 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. azoka jI zokarahita the (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 5-10 17. prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 1075

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AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 11-15 muni kanakojjvalanaMdi 16-17 digambara jaina zrAvakoM evaM vidvAnoM ko tyAgiyoM kI samIkSA kA pUrNa adhikAra hai NamokAra maMtra meM 'loe' evaM 'savva' padoM kI vizeSatA gRhasthoM ko bhI dharmopadeza kA adhikAra eka: zaraNaM zuddhopayogaH tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani kI bhASA 7. yApanIya : eka vicAraNIya bindu 8. samrAT khAravela kI adhyAtma-dRSTi 9. dharasena kI eka kRti : joNipAhuDa 10. kAtantra-vyAkaraNa evaM usakI do vRttiyA~ 11. AcArya kundakunda kA AtmavAda 12. DaoN0 hukamacaMda bhArilla 13. bhAratIya zikSaNa-vyavasthA evaM jaina vidvAn 14. samayasAra ke pATha, kaM0 16 15. jainadarzana ke pratIka purAvazeSa 16. AcAryazrI ke saMkalana se 17. jalagAlana-vidhi tathA mahattA 18. prAkRta tathA apabhraMza kAvya aura saMgIta jainadharma aura aMtima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra pustaka samIkSA 1. pAhuDadohA (jJAnapITha) 2. samrAT khAravela (kannar3a) 3. pratiSThA-pradIpa 4. aMgakora ke paMcameru maMdira sva0 paM0 mANikacaMdra kauMdeya 18-19 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 20-24 paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 25-28 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 29-32 zrImatI raMjanA jaina 33-35 AcArya nagarAja 36-49 DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra 50-53 DaoN0 mahendrasAgara pracaMDiyA 54-56 zrImatI mamatA jaina 57-60 zrImatI amitA jaina 61-63 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 65-69 DaoN0 kastUracaMda sumana 70-73 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 74-78 DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI 79-82 83-85 DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina 86-89 DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 95-99 varSa 11, aMka 1, apraila-jUna 1999 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. prAtibha-pratiSThA kI paramparA aura jaina pratibhAyeM (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 5-8 2. pahile taulo phira bolo AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 9-13 3. tIrthaMkara-divyadhvani-bhASA se zvetAmbara AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI sarvathA bhinna hai / paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 14-16 prAkRta meM nAma, AkhyAta, upasarga aura nipAtoM kI rUpa-racanA DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI 19-25 0076 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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pA kAza-stambha 'kAtaMtra vyAkaraNa' aura AcArya vidyAnanda DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI 26-38 6. zaurasenI Agama-sAhitya kI bhASA kA mUlyAMkana sva0 paM0 hIrAlAla jaina 40-47 7. prAkRtabhASA ke graMtha 'tiloyapaNNattI' meM varNita siddhaloka aura AcArya kuMdakuMda ke paMca paramAgama : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala 48-55 8. gaNezaprasAda varNI kA zikSA-jagat meM yogadAna DaoN0 dayAcaMdra sAhityAcArya 56-59 9. prAkRtabhASA ke do prakAza-stambha DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jaina 62-65 10. jaina samrAT khAravela ke hAthIgumphA-abhilekha ke katipaya abhinava tathya DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 66-71 11. zaurasenI prAkRta evaM gaNita DaoN0 anupama jaina 72-74 12. Ayurveda vAGmaya kI racanA-prakriyA meM jainAcAryoM kA avadAna rAjakumAra jaina 75-81 13. paMcatthikAyasaMgahasuttaM' kI AcArya amRtacandra sUrikRta vyAkhyA meM uddharaNa DaoN0 kamaleza kumAra jaina 82-85 14. pustaka samIkSA 1. jaina-jAgaraNa ke agradUta : hIrAcaMda nemacaMda | 2. jainAgama-itihAsa-dIpikA (kannar3a) | DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 86-89 3. apabhraMza-bhASA kA pAribhASika koza varSa 11, aMka 2, julAI-sitambara 1999 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. vidvatsevA kI rajata-jayaMtI (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 5-8 2. kAyotsarga : paramAtmA banane kA vidhAna AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 9-12 3. vastrAveSTita sAdhu : kRSNA menana ___13-14 4. jaina-saMskRti evaM tIrthaMkara-paramparA sva0 vizambharanAtha pANDe 15-18 'prAcIna bhArata pustaka' meM jainadharma kI kucha bhrAntiyoM kA nirAkaraNa rAjamala jaina 19-30 6. svAdhyAya. AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 31-37 7. tisaTThi-mahApurANa-purisa-AyAra-guNAlaMkAru pro0 rAjArAma jaina 39-48 8. apabhraMza kI sarasa sazakta kRti 'cUnaDI rAsaka' / kundanalAla jaina 49-56 9. apabhraMza ke Adya mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM unake nArIpAtra DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina 57-66 10. ahiMsA : eka vizvadharma zrImatI raMjanA jaina 67-68 11. DaoN0 luDaviga alsaDorpha DaoN0 abhaya prakAza jaina 69-70 12. AdibrahmA tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 71-73 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 77

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DaoN0 premacaMda rAMvakA DaoN0 ramezacanda jaina rUpakamala caudharI 74-82 83-85 86-88 13. hamArI badrInAtha-yAtrA (ripotArja) 14. jinadharma-prabhAvaka AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI 15. bihAra ke kucha pavitra jainatIrtha 14. pustaka samIkSA 1. premayakamalamArtaNDa-parizIlana 2. dhyAnopadezakoSa (yogasArasaMgraha) | DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 89-91 OM varSa 11, aMka 3, aktUbara-disambara 1999 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka lekhaka pRSTha saMkhyA 1. grAme-grAme kAlApaka..... (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 4-11 'mahAbaMdha' kisa bhASA meM hai? DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI 12-17 3. 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' kI bhASA sva0 paM0 bAlacandra zAstrI 18-28 4. devanirmita jainastUpa 'vodve thUme' kundana lAla jaina 30-32 5. krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA vizeSa vivaraNa 33-39 pAli evaM prAkRta : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana DaoN0 vijaya kumAra jaina 40-43 zramaNa-saMskRti kA pramukha kendra kAraMjA : kucha saMsmaraNa pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina 44-47 AtmA aura jJAna kA svarUpa tathA sambandha 'pavayaNasAra' ke sandarbha meM DaoN0 jinendra kumAra jaina 56-59 9. jinaparamparA ke udghoSaka mahAkavi svayaMbhU snehalatA jaina 48-55 10. mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke nATakoM meM prAkRta-prayoga DaoN0 (zrImatI) rAkA jaina 62-67 11. kannar3a bhASA meM racita jaina-Ayurveda ke graMtha rAjakumAra jaina 69-73 12. AcArya kundakunda kA adhyAtma DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye 74-81 13. prAcIna vaizAlI kA vyApArika pakSa DaoN0 jayaMta kumAra 82-86 14. bharataputrI kA kSetra kerala' rAjamala jaina 87-94 15. pustaka samIkSA 1. dvAdazAnuprekSA (marAThI) 2. jinAgamoM kI mUlabhASA DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 95-100 OM varSa 11, aMka 4, janavarI-mArca 2000 I0 kra0saM0 Alekha kA zIrSaka lekhaka 1. mithyAtva-rahita sabhI ekadezajina haiM (saMpAdakIya) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina pRSTha saMkhyA 4-8 0078 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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2. abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 9-20 'kumAra: zramaNAdibhi:' sUtra kA bauddha-paraMparA se saMbaMdha nahIM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 21-23 jainasamAja kA mahanIya gauravagraMtha : 'kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa' pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina 24-29 kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa aura usakI upAdeyatA DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina 30-33 6. haMsadIpa : jaina-rahasyavAda kI eka utpreraka kavitA pro0 (DaoN0) vidyAvatI jaina 34-37 7. Agama-maryAdA evaM nirgrantha zramaNa zrImatI raMjanA jaina 38-41 8. eka mahattvapUrNa prazna kA samAdhAna paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 42-44 9. gorakSA se ahiMsaka saMskRti kI rakSA AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni 45-50 10. zrutajJAna aura aMga-vAGmaya rAjakumAra jaina 52-57 11. AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI sAmAjika cetanA DaoN0 mAyA jaina 58-60 12. Nakkhatta-vaNNaNaM 62-65 13. ahiMsaka arthazAstra zrImatI raMjanA jaina 66-68 14. jainadarzanAnusAra zizu kI saMvedana-zakti zrImatI amitA jaina 69-73 15. manISI sAdhaka : paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha DaoN0 premacaMda rAMvakA 74-77 16. bhaTTAraka-paramparA evaM eka namra nivedana paM0 nAthUlAla zAstrI 80-81 bhaTTAraka-paramparA DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye 82-85 ___ apabhraMza ke 'kaDavaka chaMda' kA svarUpa-vikAsa pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina 86-89 pustaka samIkSA1. mUlasaMgha aura usakA prAcIna sAhitya : 2. pAhuDadohA (marAThI) 3. jaina-Agama prANI-koza | DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 90-95 4. gommaTezvara bAhubali evaM zravaNabelgola : __itihAsa ke pariprekSya meM 5. gauravagAthA : AcAryazrI vidyAnanda 6. bhAratIya paraMparA meM vrata : avadhAraNA tathA vikAsa na loka maryAdA aura vacana prayoga "dhammasabhA Niva-paMcaya, jAdi loyAya baMdhuvaggaM nnaannii| iNa viruddhaM vaca karadi, sa ca saTha logaNiMda dukkhlho||" -(sudiTThi-taraMgiNI, 100) artha:--yadi koI vyakti jJAnI hone para bhI dharmasabhA, rAjasabhA, paMcAyatI sabhA, jAtigata sabhA, lokasabhA aura bandhuvarga ke viruddha satya ko bhI bolatA hai, to vaha 'zaTha' kahalAtA hai, lokaniMdya hotA hai aura to aura mAnasika duHkha ko bhI prApta hotA hai| ** prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 1079

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jaina - saMskRti meM AhAra - zuddhi - zrImatI raMjanA jaina " jaisA khAve anna, vaisA hove mn| jaisA pIve pAnI, vaisI bole vANI / " -yaha eka sarvaparicita ukti hai| isake anusAra khAdyapadArthoM evaM peyapadArthoM kA prabhAva citta ke saMskAroM aura vAgvyavahAra para sunizcitarUpa se par3atA hI hai / isI bAta kI puSTi vaidika saMskRti ke kathana se bhI hotI hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki ' AhAra kI zuddhi se citta kI zuddhi hotI hai|' isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki anna-jala Adi jar3a padArthoM kA bhI cetana ke pariNAmoM para nimitta - naimittika sambandha kI apekSA se paryApta prabhAva par3atA hai| saMbhavata: isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue jaina - paramparA meM AhArazuddhi ke sambandha meM vyApaka nirUpaNa milatA hai | AhArazuddhi-sambandhI unake niyama bhI bahuta vaijJAnika haiN| yadyapi Aja kI jihvA - lolupI evaM bhakSyAbhakSya - viveka se rahita pIr3hI ko ve niyama anAvazyaka rUpa se kaThora evaM avyAvahArika pratIta hote haiM; kiMtu inakI vaijJAnikatA se ve nitAnta aparicita haiM aura isIkAraNa zArIrika evaM mAnasika duSprabhAvoM kI nayI zrRMkhalA isa nayI pIr3hI meM janma le rahI hai / jainAcArya raviSeNa ne 'padmapurANa' nAmaka graMtha ke caubIsaveM parva meM kaikeyI ke guNoM kA varNana karate samaya usakI pAkazAstra - vizeSajJatA kA paricaya isaprakAra diyA hai- . "bhakSyaM bhojyaM ca peyaM ca lehya cUSyaM ca paJcadhA / AsAdyaM tatra bhakSyaM tu kRtrimAkRtrimaM smRtam / / bhojyaM dvidhA yAvAgvAdivizeSAzcaudanAdaya: / zItayogo jalaM madhuramiti peyaM tridhoditam / / rAga-khANDava-lehyAkhyaM lehyaM trividhamucyate / kRtrimAkRtrimaM cUSyaM dvividhaM parikIrtitam / / pAcanacchedanoSNatva- zItatva-karaNAdibhiH / yuktamAsvAdyavijJAnamAsIttasyA manoharam / / " - ( padmapurANa, parva 24, padya 53-56) artha:- bhakSya, bhojya, peya, lehya aura cUSya ke bheda se bhojana - sambandhI padArthoM ke 080 prAkRtavidyA+apraila-jUna 2000

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pA~ca bheda haiN| inameM se jo svAda ke lie khAyA jAtA hai, use 'bhakSya' kahate haiN| yaha kRtrima' aura 'akRtrima' ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| tathA jo kSudhAnivRtti ke lie khAyA jAtA hai, use 'bhojya' kahate haiN| isake mukhya' aura. sAdhaka' kI apekSA se do bheda haiN| odana, roTI Adi mukhya bhojya' haiM aura lapsI, dAla, zAka Adi 'sAdhaka bhojya' haiN| zIta yoga (zarbata), jala aura madhurarasa ke bheda se peya-padArtha tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye haiN| ina sabakA jJAna honA 'AsvAdya-vijJAna' hai| yaha 'AsvAdya-vijJAna' pAcana, chedana, uSNatvakaraNa evaM zItatvakaraNa Adi se sahita hai| kaikayA (kaikeyI) ko ina sabakA acchA jJAna thaa| uparokta kathana se yaha to bhalIbhA~ti spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai ki vaha mAtra bhakSya-padArthoM ko banAne kI kalA meM niSNAta thI, abhakSya-padArthoM kA paricaya evaM unakI saMsAdhanavidhi usake paricita viSayoM taka meM nahIM thii| ina bhakSya-padArthoM ke nirmANa kI prakriyA ke solaha' niyama jaina-paramparA meM varNita haiN| isIkAraNa AhArazuddhi kI pakSadhara mahilAyeM apanI bhojana-nirmANa prakriyA ko 'solA' karanA bhI kahatI haiN| Aja bhI bundelakhaNDa ke saMskArI jaina-parivAroM kI rasoI meM 'solA' zabda kA jIvantarUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai| prathamata: yaha jAneM ki yaha solaha prakAra kI AhArazuddhi kyA thI? bhojana-nirmANa ke ye solaha niyama mukhyata: cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita haiM-- (1) dravyazuddhi, (2) kSetrazuddhi, (3) kAlazuddhi, (4) bhaavshuddhi| inameM se pratyeka ke cAra-cAra bheda haiM, jinakA vivaraNa nimnAnusAra hai :.. (1) dravya-zuddhi, (2) kSetra-zuddhi, (3) kAla-zuddhi, bhAva-zuddhi / (1) dravya-zuddhi (1) anna-zuddhi - khAdya-sAmagrI sar3I, galI, ghunI evaM abhakSya na ho| (2) jala-zuddhi - jala 'jIvAnI' kiyA huA ho aura prAsuka ho| (3) agni-zuddhi - IMdhana dekhakara, zodhakara upayoga kiyA gayA ho| (4) kartA-zuddhi bhojana banAnevAlA svastha ho, tathA snAna karake dhule zuddha, vastra pahane ho, nAkhUna bar3e na hoM, aMgulI vagairaha kaTa jAne para khUna kA sparza khAdya-vastu se na ho, garmI meM pasInA kA sparza na ho, yA pasInA khAdya-vastu meM na gire| (2) kSetra-zuddhi (5) prakAza-zuddhi - rasoI meM samucita sUrya kA prakAza rahatA ho| (2) vAyu-zuddhi - rasoI meM zuddha havA kA saMcAra ho| (3) sthAna-zuddhi - rasoI logoM ke AvAgamana kA sArvajanika sthAna na ho evaM __ adhika aMdherevAlA sthAna na ho| (4) durgaMdha-zuddhi - hiMsAdika kArya na hotA ho, gaMdagI se dUra ho| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 81

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(3) kAla-zuddhi (1) grahaNa-kAla - candra-grahaNa yA sUrya-grahaNa ke kAla meM bhojana na banAyA jaaye| (2) zoka-kAla - zoka, duHkha athavA maraNa ke samaya bhojana na banAyA jaaye| (3) rAtri-kAla - rAtri ke samaya bhojana nahIM banAnA caahiye| (4) prabhAvanA-kAla- dharma-prabhAvanA arthAt utsava-kAla ke samaya bhojana nahIM banAnA yA banavAnA caahiye| (4) bhAva-zuddhi (1) vAtsalya-bhAva - pAtra aura dharma ke prati vAtsalya honA caahiye| (2) karuNA-bhAva - saba jIvoM evaM pAtra ke Upara dayA kA bhAva rakhanA caahiye| (3) vinaya-bhAva - pAtra ke prati vinaya kA bhAva honA caahiye| (4) dAna-bhAva - dAna karane kA bhAva rahanA caahiye| kaSAya-rahita aura harSa-sahita bhojana hitakArI hotA hai| isI krama meM yaha jAna lenA bhI apekSita hai ki kisa bhojya-padArtha kI kisa Rtu meM kitane dinoM kI maryAdA hai? ise nimnalikhita cArTa se acchI taraha samajhA jA sakatA hai laM kramAMka padArtha 1. bUrA sarva prakAra kA ATA sarva prakAra kA pisA huA masAlA (ka) namaka pisA huA, (kha) namaka meM masAlA milA dene para (ga) namaka ko garma karane para dUdha duhane ke pazcAt dahI (garma dUdha kA) (ka) chAcha bilote samaya garma pAnI DAleM to (kha) chAcha meM pIche pAnI ThaMDA DAleM to ghI, tela, gur3a adhika jala vAle padArtha, roTI, pUrI, haluA, bar3A seva, bUMdI Adi / tela yA ghI meM tale hue padArtha, pApar3a, bar3I, semaiMyA Adi 10. khicar3I, kar3I, dAla, bhAta, tarakArI 11. binA pAnI ke pakavAna zItakAla grISmakAla varSAkAla eka mAsa 15 dina 7 dina 7 dina 5 dina 3 dina / 7 dina 5 dina 3 dina 48 mi0 48 mi0 48 mi0 / 6 ghaNTe 6 ghaNTe 6 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 48 mi0 48 mi0 48 mi0 24 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 12 ghaNTe 12 dina 12 dina 48 mi0 1 varSa 12 ghaNTe 48 mi0 1 varSa 12 ghaNTe 48 mi0 1 varSa 12 ghaNTe 6 ghaNTe 5 dina 6 ghaNTe 5 dina 6 ghaNTe 5 dina 10 82 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. lAI, kAjU Adi kuTe garma kiye mevA makkhana gAya kA dUdha (prasUta ke bAda) bhaiMsa kA dUdha (prasUta ke bAda) prAsuka pAnI garma ubalA huA pAnI chanA huA pAna 7 dina 48 mi0 10 dina 15 dina 6 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 48 mi0 5 dina 48 mio 10 dina 15 dina 6 ghaNTe 24 ghaNTe 48 mio 3 dina 48 mi0 10 dina 15 dina 6 ghaNTe kiMtu Aja kI phAsTaphUDa-saMskRti ke logoM ko itanI sArI varjanAyeM aura niyamAvaliyA~ kahA~ suhAtIM haiM? unheM to daur3ate-bhAgate kahIM bhI kucha bhI khAne kI Adata jo par3a gayI hai| aura Aja kI komalAMgI lalanAyeM bhojana -zuddhi ke lie itanI sAvadhAnI evaM zrama ke lie taiyAra hI kahA~ haiM? DibbAbaMda khAdyapadArtha evaM peyapadArtha, jo maryAdAvihIna, tAjagIrahita evaM pauSTikatA se bhI rahita haiM; Aja kI pIr3hI inhIM se apanA gujArA karane kI Adata DAla rahI hai| isI se zArIrika svAsthya kA kendra 'udara' yA peTa' pUrNataH duSprabhAva se grasta ho jAtA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa roja-roja DaoNkTaroM kI zaraNa meM jAne vAlI santati kA nirmANa ho rahA hai / kaI-kaI loga to bhojana kI taraha hI niyamitarUpa se davAI kI goliyoM (TebleTsa), kaipsUloM evaM sirapoM kA sevana karate haiM / ina saba bImAriyoM kI jar3a AhAra-jala kI nirmANa-prakriyA kI azuddhatA hai| hama rugNa pIr3hI ko janma de rahe haiM / Aja ke. DaoNkTara apanA dhaMdhA calAne ke lie isa kSetra meM 'Aga meM ghI DAlane kI taraha' kahate haiM ki "kucha bhI khAo, hamArI davA sAtha lo|" inakA uddezya vyakti ko apane bala para svastha karanA nahIM hai, apitu vyakti ko rogI banAye rakhakara apanI phIsa va davA kaMpaniyoM kI bikrI kI nirantaratA banAye rakhanA hai / 1 AtmA na zrAvaka hai, na zramaNa " tamhA du hittu liMge, sAgAraNagAriye hi vA gahide / daMsaNa - NANa- caritte, appANaM juMja makkhapahe / / " prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000 24 ghaNTe 48 mi0 Rtucakra ke anusAra bhojana - pAna kI maryAdAoM kA pAlana kara hama acchA svAsthya, acche vicAra evaM dIrghAyu bana sakate haiM / vastuta: jaina - paramparA meM varNita AhArazuddhi kI zikSA hI 'AyuSmAna bhava' ke AzIrvacana ko saphala karegI tathA 'pahilA sukha nirogI kAyA' kI lokokti ko bhI sArthaka karegI 1 - ( AcArya kundakunda, samayasAra 411 ) artha:- sAgAra (zrAvaka ) athavA anagAra (zramaNoM) dvArA grahaNa kiye hue samasta liMgoM ko chor3akara ke apanI AtmA ko samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra svarUpa mokSamArga meM lagAo / 83

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RSi aura muni meM aMtara -zAradA pAThaka bhArata kI prAcIna bhASA saMskRta ke bahutere zabda hindI sahita deza kI vartamAna bhASAoM meM bhI pracalita hue haiN| unameM do zabda 'RSi' aura 'muni' zAmila haiN| donoM kA istemAla Amataura para saMyukta rUpa se kiyA jAtA hai| 'RSi-muni' bolA aura likhA jAtA hai| jana-sAmAnya ina donoM zabdoM ko samAnArthI samajhatA hai aura mAnatA hai ki jo 'RSi' hai vahI 'muni' hai| donoM ke bIca koI aMtara nahIM hai| lekina vastusthiti isake ThIka viparIta hai| 'RSi' zabda Rgveda meM bAra-bAra AtA hai| saMhitA kI RcAoM ke racane vAle bhI ye RSi hI haiN| unake vibhinna gharAne aura samUha haiN| gharAne yA Azrama ke saMsthApaka ke nAma se usakI paramparA ke sAre 'RSi' pukAre jAte haiM; jaise bharadvAja kI paramparA ke RSi 'bhAradvAja', kazyapa kI paramparA ke kAzyapa', parAzara kI paramparA ke 'paaraashr'| yaha paramparA bhArata kI lagabhaga sabhI hindU jAtiyoM ke gotroM ke nAmoM meM Aja taka surakSita calI A rahI hai| eka hI jAti yA upajAti meM alaga-alaga RSiyoM ke nAmoM se jur3e gotra milate haiN| bhAradvAja gotra vAle apane vaMza kA AdipuruSa bharadvAja ko mAnate haiM, to pArAzara gotra vAle parAzara ko| RSi saba puruSa hI nahIM haiM; mahilA RSiyoM kI paramparA bhI milatI hai, gArgI aura maitreyI vagairaha isake udAharaNa haiN| ___ RSi vidvAn va jJAnavAn vyakti haiN| unheM samAja ke sarvazreSTha vyaktiyoM ke pUjanIya varga ke rUpa meM sAmAjika mAnyatA prApta hai| janajIvana ke hara kSetra para ina RSiyoM kA nirNAyaka prabhAva hai| ve Azrama aura gurukula calAte haiN| naI pIr3hI ko zikSA aura prazikSaNa pradAna karate haiN| rAjA se lekara sAmAnya vyakti taka ko hara prakAra kA parAmarza dete haiN| RSi rAjAoM ke guru haiM aura rAjA unake Adeza kA pAlana karate haiM va unakI salAha ke anusAra calate haiN| RSi samAja ke lie AcaraNa ke niyamoM kA nirdhAraNa karate haiN| samAja ke bhautika jIvana ke sAtha-sAtha usake AdhyAtmika jIvana ke bhI ve niyaMtA haiN| RSi logoM ko yajJoM aura karmakAMDa ke lie prerita karate haiN| unase yajJa karavAte haiM aura samAja ke hara varga se dAna-dakSiNA ke rUpa 0084 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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meM dravya yA bhautika saMsAdhana prApta karate haiN| ve vivAha bhI karate haiM aura saMtati utpanna karane se bhI koI paraheja nahIM krte| ve itane prabhAvazAlI haiM ki vayovRddha RSi bhI kisI rAjA ke pAsa usakI yuvA rAjakumArI se vivAha kA prastAva lekara jAtA hai, to rAjA use manA nahIM kara paataa| bhautika jIvana kI sukha-suvidhAoM aura bhautika padArthoM ke parityAga kI RSi ke lie koI anivAryatA nahIM hai| 'muni' zabda Rgveda meM kevala vAtarazanA muniyoM ke sandarbha meM hI AtA hai| vAtarazanA kA tAtparya hai apane zarIra ko vAyu se DhaMkane vAlA arthAt nagna rhnevaalaa| vAtarazanA muniyoM kA varNana karanevAlI RcAoM (Rga, 10, 136, 2-3) meM kahA gayA hai, "atIndrayArthadarzI vAtarazanA muni mala dhAraNa karate haiM, jisase ve piMgala varNa dikhAI dete haiM; jaba ve vAyu kI gati ko prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara lete haiM, arthAt roka lete haiM, taba ve apane tapa kI mahimA se daidIpyamAna hokara devatA-svarUpa ko prApta ho jAte haiN| sarvalaukika vyavahAra ko chor3akara hama maunavRtti se unmattavat (utkRSTa Ananda sahita) vAyubhAva ko (azarIra dhyAnavRtti) prApta hote haiM aura sAdhAraNa manuSya hamAre bAhya zarIra mAtra ko dekha pAte haiM, hamAre sacce abhyaMtara svarUpa ko nhiiN|" (esA ve vAtarazanA muni prakaTa karate haiM) . ina RcAoM ke ThIka pahale (Rga0 10, 136, 1) kezI kA ullekha hai, "kezI agni, jala tathA svarga aura pRthvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai| kezI samasta vizva ke tattva kA darzana karAtA hai| kezI hI prakAzamAna (jJAna-) jyoti (kevalajJAna) kahalAtA hai|" / kezI vAtarazanA muniyoM ke paMtha ke pradhAna pratIta hote haiN| sUkta kI agalI RcA (10, 136, 4) meM kahA gayA hai, "(kezI) deva devoM ke muni va upakArI aura hitakArI sakhA haiN|" eka anya RcA (Rga, 10, 102, 6) meM kahA gayA hai "mudgala RSi ne kezI vRSabha ko apanA sArathI banAyA, jisake vacana mAtra se ve gAyeM pIche kI aura lauTa pdd'ii|" RcA meM bhAvArtha yaha hai ki mudgala RSi kI gAyeM arthAt iMdriyA~ bAhara kI ora jA rahI thIM, jo kezI kI sahAyatA se phira unake vaza meM A gii| vRSabha kA samIkaraNa jainoM ke AdinAtha RSabha se kiyA gayA hai| ve hI vAtarazanA muniyoM ke paMtha ke pradhAna the| unakA pratIka cihna bhI vRSabha hai| spaSTa hai ki 'Rgveda' ke samaya meM hI karmakAMDa aura pazubali se bhare yajJoM se alaga apane meM DUbe rahanevAle muniyoM kI eka paramparA pracalita ho gaI thii| inake sAdhaka samasta bhautika padArthoM aura bhautika jIvana kI snAnAdi kriyAoM se pare rahakara mAtra tattva-ciMtana meM lage rahate haiN| -(sAbhAra uddhRta hindustAna dainika, 2 julAI 2000, pRSTha 7) prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 85

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AcArya yativRSabha ke anusAra antarikSa vijJAna evaM grahoM para jIvoM kI dhAraNA - dharmendra jaina 1 jainadharma pUrNata: vaijJAnika hai| vartamAna meM vijJAna ne jo bhI vikAsa kiyA hai, usakA yadi cintana karake vizleSaNa kiyA jAye, to 'vijJAna kI dena' ke 'udbhavasUtra' jainadarzana evaM prAkRta-sa - sAhitya se prApta hote haiM / isI sandarbha meM antarikSa vijJAna ke bAre meM 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM vistRta varNana prApta hotA hai / AcArya yativRSabha ne 9 adhikAroM meM antarikSa-vijJAna kI carcA kI hai / granthakAra kI bhASA meM antarikSa vijJAna kA nAma Urdhvaloka hai / granthAnusAra antarikSa meM jyotirloka, suraloka tathA siddhaloka AtA hai| jyotiSI devoM kA nivAsa hone ke kAraNa 'jyotirloka' kahA jAtA hai / nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki jyoti yAni prakAza, ina devoM ke vimAna prakAzamAna hone ke kAraNa bhI inheM 'jyotiSI deva' kahate haiM / jyotiSI devoM kI gati ke kAraNa hI isa vizva kI kAlagaNanA kA nirvAha ho rahA hai| jaisA ki AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai- "tatkRta: kaal-vibhaagH|" eka rAjU lambe-caur3e aura 110 yojana moTe kSetra meM ina jyotiSI devoM kA nivAsa hai / madhyaloka ke citrA pRthivI se 790 yojana Upara AkAza meM sarvaprathama tArAgaNa, inase 10 yojana Upara sUrya, usase 80 yojana Upara candramA, usase 4 yojana Upara nakSatra, usase 4 yojana Upara budha, usase 3 yojana Upara zukra, usase 3 yojana Upara guru, usase 3 yojana Upara maMgala aura usase 3 yojana Upara jAkara zani ke vimAna haiN| ye vimAna Urdhva-mukha, ardha-golaka ke AkAra vAle haiM / madhyaloka se Upara 'sumeru parvata' kI pradakSiNA dete hue sUrya aura candramA eka nizcita kSetra meM gamana karate haiN| 51048 / 91 yojana kSetra meM candramA gamana karatA hai / yaha kula 15 cakkara lagAtA hai| usa cakkara kA antarAla 56/91 yojana hai| candramA ke ThIka nIce 4 aMgulapramANa rAhu-vimAna hai / gati-vizeSa ke kAraNa jaba eka-eka aMza (candra - vimAna kA ) AcchAdita hotA jAtA hai, taba 'kRSNa pakSa' banatA hai; tathA jisa dina candra - vimAna kI mAtra eka kalA dikhatI, usa dina 'amAvasyA' hotI hai| jaba candra -vimAna kA eka-eka aMza udghATita ho jAtA hai, taba pUrNimA hotI hai| isIprakAra sUrya 184 cakkara lagAtA hai| isameM eka cakkara se dUsare cakkara kA 1 prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 0086

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antarAla 48/61 yojana hai / isake gamana ke kAraNa hI dina aura rAtri kI vyavasthA hotI hai| gati karate-karate jaba kSetra - vizeSa meM prakAza hotA hai, vahA~ dina hotA hai; taba ThIka usake pIche ke hisse meM rAtri hotI hai / isIkAraNa bhArata meM dina hai, to amerikA meM rAtri Adi prakAra se samajhA jA sakatA hai| 'candragrahaNa' aura 'sUryagrahaNa' kA kAraNa AcArya yativRSabha ne suspaSTa kiyA hai| rAhu ke do bheda hai, parva- rAhu aura dina- rAhu / parva- rAhu-niyama se gati-vizeSa ke kAraNa chaha mAsa meM pUrNimA ke anta meM candra- bimboM ko AcchAdita kara haiM, usa dina candragrahaNa hotA hai / yaha parva - rAhu candra - vimAna se ThIka 4 aMgula nIce sthita hai| isIprakAra ketu-vimAna bhI gati-vizeSa ke kAraNa chaha mAsoM meM amAvasyA ke anta meM sUrya-vimAna ko AcchAdita karatA hai, isakAraNa sUryagrahaNa hotA hai / yaha ketu - vimAna bhI 4 aMgulIce sthita hai / 'uttarAyaNa' aura 'dakSiNAyana' kA jJAna bhI sUrya kI gati se hotA hai| jaba sUrya prathama gati se arthAt prathama cakkara se kramaza: Age bar3hatA hai, taba dakSiNAyana hotA hai| jaba sUrya antima cakkara se puna: pUrva ke cakkara kI ora kramaza: AtA hai, taba uttarAyana hotA hai / isaprakAra sUrya aura candramA ke atirikta anya sabhI graha-nakSatra aura tArAgaNa bhI gatizIla haiM; jaisAki tattvArthasUtrakAra ne kahA hai " merupradakSiNA nityagatayo nRloke" arthAt sabhI jyotiSI meru ke cAroM ora nirantara ghUmate haiM / kintu inakI gati meM vizeSatA hotI hai ki candra se sUrya, sUrya se graha, grahoM se nakSatra aura nakSatroM se bhI tArAgaNa zIghra hI gati karanevAle haiM / uparyukta vivecana se 'pRthvI ghUmatI hai' vaijJAnikoM kI yaha mAnyatA nitarAM khaNDita hotI hai| pRthvI ghUmatI hai, isakA nirNaya pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se bhI nahIM hotA hai; jabaki jyotiSI devoM ke bhramaNa kA prabhAva kAlagaNanA, jyotiSazAstra kI vidhi Adi spaSTarUpa se dRSTigocara hotA hai| ina sabhI jyotiSI devoM ke vimAna meru se 1121 yojana dUra- kSetra meM gamana karate haiN| 1 itanA mAtra hI antarikSa nahIM hai, kintu siddhaloka aura svarga kI vyavasthA bhI isI meM AtI hai; kyoMki AcArya yativRSabha ke anusAra merutala se lekara siddhalokata Urdhvaloka kI saMjJA hai, jo 7 rAjU pramANa hai / meru kI cUlikA se uttama - bhoga bhUmi ke manuSya ke eka bAla ke antarAla ke bAda svargoM kA prArambha hai / saudharma, IzAnAdi solaha svarga vimAna hai| usake bAda nava graiveyaka, nava anudiza aura pAMca anuttara vimAna hai loka ke aMta meM 1575 dhanuSa - pramANa 'tanuvAtavalaya', eka koza - pramANa 'ghanavAtavalaya', 2 koza-pramANa 'ghanodadhi vAtavalaya' hai arthAt 425 dhanuSa kama eka yojana kSetra meM 'uparima vAtavalaya' hai / isake nIce 'siddhazilA' hai / siddhazilA se 12 yojana nIce 'sarvArthasiddhi' vimAna kA dhvajadaNDa hai| isataraha si0pa0 ke anusAra meru-tala se lekara siddhaloka - paryanta 'Urdhvaloka' arthAt antarikSa hai / khagola-vaijJAnika isa anusaMdhAna meM lage hue haiM ki antarikSa meM grahoM para jIvana jI prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 87

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sakate haiM yA nhiiN| aneka prayoga kiye jA rahe haiM, kintu isakA samAdhAna AcArya yativRSabha 700 varSa pUrva tiloyapaNNatti grantha meM karate haiM ki vahA~ to anAdikAla se prANI jIvana vyatIta kara rahe haiN| ve sainI paJcendriya jIva haiM / una samasta jyotiSI - vimAnoM meM deva rahate haiM / una samasta grahoM meM rahanevAle jIvoM kI saMkhyA bhI nizcita hai, jo alaukika gaNitIya AMkar3oM meM darzAI gaI hai / saMkhyA mAtra hI nahIM, unakI jAtiyA~, bheda, vahA~ ke nagaroM kI vyavasthA, unake zarIra kA varNana, U~cAI Adi AcArya yativRSabha ne varNita kI hai| grahoM para hI jIva rahate ho aisI bAta nahIM, apitu usase Age svargoM kI vyavasthA hai vahA~ para bhI deva rahate haiN| unakA bhI uparyukta prakAra se varNana kiyA hai| inase aura Upara jAte haiM, to siddha paramAtmA bhI antarikSa meM hai / ata: nirNIta huA ki aMtarikSa meM saMsArI aura mukta donoM prakAra ke jIva rahate haiM / mukta - jIva eka niyata sthAna meM siddhazilA para virAjamAna haiN| saMsArI jIva arthAt vahA~ ke sabhI deva yathAvasara gamanAgamana karate haiN| kSetrajanya aisI vyavasthA hai ki una devoM kI gati - Agati bhI eka nizcita kSetra taka sImita / ataH grahoM para jIvana kI avadhAraNA ko AcArya yativRSabha aura anyAnya bhI digambara jainAcAryoM ne pUrva meM hI spaSTa kara diyA thA / hai dhyAna 'dhyAna' zabda bhArata meM bahuta pracalita hai, bahuta prasiddha hai| 'dhyAna' zabda kA artha hai 'kisI cIja meM ekAgra ho jaanaa|' isakA vyAvahArika jIvana meM bhI bahuta mahattva hai, bahuta upayoga hai| dhyAna se suno, dhyAna se dekho, dhyAna se par3ho, dhyAna se kAma karo jaise vAkya hama sadaiva bolate rahate haiM / dhyAna koI sikhAtA nahIM hai, prANI anAdikAla se ise jAnatA hai, samajhatA hai aura isakA vyavahAra / prayoga karatA hai / yadi dhyAna sikhAye jAte, to batAiye manuSya ko Arta - raudra dhyAna kisane sikhAyA ? vaha ekAgra hokara kisI kA nukasAna karane ke lie, hAni pahu~cAne ke lie cintana karatA rahatA hai| socatA hai ' isane mujhe hAni pahu~cAI hai, maiM bhI isakA nukasAna kruuNgaa|' manuSya hI nahIM pazu-pakSI bhI Arta - raudra dhyAna karate haiN| bagulA pAnI meM eka paira se khar3A hokara isIprakAra kA dhyAna karatA rahatA hai| kisI prakAra kI cintA, bhaya se sambandhita cintana karanA 'ArtadhyAna' hai aura kisI ko mArane, jhUTha bolane, corI karane se sambandhita cintana 'raudradhyAna', hai / bagule ko raudradhyAna hotA rahatA se haiM / 888 hai / use kisane sikhAyA hai yaha? usameM isaprakAra ke saMskAra anAdikAla - ( AcArya zrI vidyAnanda munirAja ) prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000 -

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adhyAtmasAdhaka bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa evaM unakA 'brahma vilAsa' -(DaoN0) zrImatI puSpalatA jaina hindI ke saMta-sAhitya kA gaurava bar3hAne aura usakI zrIvRddhi karane vAle kaviyoM kI zrRMkhalA meM bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa eka maz2abUta kar3I ke rUpa meM prakhyAta rahe haiN| hindI-sAhitya ke rItikAlIna kavi kezava, bihArI Adi jahA~ rItibaddha zrRMgArika racanAyeM prastuta kara rahe hoM, aise rasika vAtAvaraNa meM adhyAtma aura naitikatA kA saMdeza denA vAstava meM bar3A duSkara kArya thaa| aise pariveza meM adhyAtma kI jyoti jalAnevAle bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa apane samakAlIna kaviyoM meM isIlie apratima the| bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI, adhyAtmarasika bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa kA janma saM0 1731 ko AgarA ke 'osavAla' samAja ke 'kahAriyA gotra' meM huA thaa| ve bahubhASAvid the, ve na kevala prAkRta-saMskRta ke vidvAn the; varan hindI, gujarAtI, baMgalA tathA arabI-phArasI para bhI apanA vizeSa adhikAra rakhate the| 'brajabhASA' ke sAtha apanI prAMtIya bhASA 'mAravAr3I' ke zabdoM kA svAbhAvika prayoga unake kAvya meM sahaja hI dekhA jA sakatA hai, jisase unakI bhASA meM prAMjalatA aura artha grahaNa karane kI sAmarthya A gayI hai| ___ adhikAMza paccIsI' aura 'battIsI' nAmAnta racanAyeM bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa ne hI likhIM haiN| 'paccIsI' aura 'battIsI' sahita 67 racanAyeM 'brahmavilAsa' nAmaka graMtha meM saMkalita haiN| brahmavilAsa kA prakAzana pahalI bAra san 1903 meM 'jainagraMtha ratnAkara, bambaI' se huA thaa| isakI sabhI racanAyeM adhyAtma aura bhakti se sarAbora haiN| adhyAtma-vidyA meM paripakva hone ke kAraNa zAMta-bhAva kI bhakti ke anUThe dRSTAMta ina racanAoM meM pracura mAtrA meM samAhita haiN| uccakula meM pale-puse bhaiyA bhagavatI ke jIvana meM lakSmI kA vAsa hote hue bhI vItarAga prabhu ke caraNoM meM AtmasamarpaNa bhAva kUTa-kUTa kara bharA thaa| ve pratidina AdhyAtmika graMthoM kA svAdhyAya aura tadanusAra dharmAcaraNa meM rata rahate the| usa sAmaMtavAdI yuga meM 'bhaiyA' jaise adhyAtmarasika virala hI the| cU~ki isa kAla meM tIna aura 'bhagavatIdAsa' nAma ke vidvAnoM kA ullekha sva0 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 89

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nAthUrAma premI ne apane 'hindI sAhitya kA jaina itihAsa' nAmaka graMtha meM kiyA hai| ina tInoM se apane ko alaga siddha karane ke lie 'brahmavilAsa' ke racayitA bhagavatIdAsa apane nAma ke sAtha 'bhaiyA' upanAma jor3ane lage hoNge| tabhI se 'bhaiyA' zabda unake sAtha pracalita ho gayA, yahA~ saMketita hai--"jaisAki ukta paMktiyoM meM ullekha hai ki 'bhaiyA' ne 'brahmavilAsa' meM saMgrahIta racanAoM kI racanA-saMvat 1731 se 1755 taka kI thii|" 'brahmavilAsa' ke antargata 'bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa' ne 'mana-battIsI, paMcendriya-saMvAda, paramAtma-chattIsI, suA-battIsI, puNNapaccIsikA, zata-aSTottarI, cetana-karmacaritra, bAvIsa pariSaha, paramAtmA kI jayamAla, nirvANakAMDa-bhASA, pArzvanAtha-stuti, caturviMzati-jinastuti Adi-Adi racanAoM meM 'mana kI caMcalatA', narabhava-durbhalatA, sadguru mahimA, mana ko cetAvanI, Atma-saMbodhana, navadhA-bhakti, AtmA-paramAtmA-ciMtana, cittazuddhi, bheda-vijJAna evaM rahasyabhAvanAtmaka AdhyAtmika prema Adi kA citraNa bar3e hI manorama DhaMga se kiyA hai| inameM adhyAtma aura bhakti kA suMdara samanvaya, bhASA meM Aja, sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAroM kI saMdara chaTA evaM chandoM kA vaividhya dekhate hI banatA hai| 'cetana-karmacaritra', 'zata-aSTottarI' evaM 'madhubinduka-caupAI' kAvyoM meM jahA~ rUpakoM kA sahArA liyA gayA hai; vahIM kavittoM meM 'anuprAsa' evaM 'citrAlaMkAra' se citramaya biMba upasthita kara vIrarasa kI sRSTi kI hai "arina ke ThaTTa daha vaTTa kara DAre jina, karama subhaTTana ke paTTana ujAre haiN| narka tirajaMca caTa paTTa deke baiThe rahe, viSai-cora jhaTTa jhaTTa pakara padhAre haiN|| bhau-vana kaTAya DAre aTTha mada duTTha mAre, madana ke desa jAre krodha hU saMvAre haiN| car3hata samyakta sUra bar3hata pratApa-pUra, sukha ke samUha bhUra siddha ke nihAre haiM / / " -(brahmavilAsa, phuTakara kavitta, pR0 273) adhyAtma-sAdhaka kaviyoM ne sAMsArika viSaya-vAsanA para ciMtana karate hue saMsAra aura zarIra kI nazvaratA ko vicArate hue saMsaraNa kA prabalatama kAraNa moha aura ajJAna ko mAnA hai| isI saMdarbha meM 'bhaiyA' ne caupaTa ke khela meM saMsAra kA citraNa prastuta kiyA hai- "caupaTa ke khela meM tamAsau eka nayo diisai| jagata kI rIti saba yAhI meM banAI hai|" apane eka anya pada meM saMsAra kI vicitratA para prakAza DAlate hue kahate haiM kisI ke ghara maMgala ke dIpa jalate haiM, unakI AzAyeM pUrI hotI haiM; para koI aMdhere meM rahatA hai, iSTa-viyoga se rudana karatA hai, nirAzA usake ghara meM chAyI rahatI hai| koI suMdara-suMdara vastrAbhUSaNa pahinatA, ghor3oM para daur3atA hai; para kisI ko tana DhA~kane ke lie bhI kapar3e nahIM milte| jise prAta:kAla rAjA ke rUpa meM dekhA, vahI dopahara meM jaMgala kI ora jAtA dikhAI detA hai| jala ke babUle ke samAna yaha saMsAra asthira aura kSaNabhaMgura hai| isa para darpa karane se kyA AvazyakatA? 1090 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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unheM yaha zarIra sapta-dhAtu se nirmita, mahAdurgaMdha se paripUrNa dikhAI detA hai; isalie unheM Azcarya hotA hai ki koI usameM Asakta kyoM ho jAtA hai? apanI 'zata aSTottarI' meM ve Age kahate haiM ki "aise ghinaune azuddha zarIra ko zuddha kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai? zarIra ke lie kaisA bhI bhojana do, para usase rudhira, mAMsa, asthiyA~ Adi hI utpanna hotI haiN| itane para bhI vaha kSaNabhaMgura banA rahatA hai| para ajJAnI mohI vyakti use yathArtha mAnatA hai| aisI mithyA bAtoM ko vaha satya samajha letA hai|" isIlie ve sukha-du:kha ke kAraNabhUta svayaMkRta karmoM kI nirjarA karane kI salAha dete haiM; kyoMki karma hI jIva ko idhara se udhara tribhuvana meM nacAtA rahatA hai| apanI 'puNya-pacIsikA' aura 'nATakapacIsI' meM ve karuNArdra hokara kaha uThate haiM ki dhuyeM ke samudAya ko dekhakara garva kauna karegA? kyoMki pavana ke calate hI vaha samApta ho jAne vAlA hai| saMdhyA kA raMga dekhate-dekhate jaise vilIna ho jAtA hai, osa bUMda jaise dhUpa ke nikalate hI sUkha jAtI hai| usIprakAra karma jAla meM phaMsA mUDha jIva du:khI banA rahatA hai"dhUmana ke dhaurahara dekha kahA garva karai, ye to china-mAMhi jAhiM pauna parasata hii| saMdhyA ke samAna raMga dekhata hI hoya bhaMga, dIpaka pataMga jaise kAla garasata hii|| supane meM bhUpa jaise indra-dhanu rUpa jaise, osa-bUMda jaiseM durai darasata hii| aisoI bharama jaba karmajAla vargaNA ko, tAmeM mUDha magna hoya marai barasata hii||" isIlie ve cetana ko udbodhita karate hue kahate haiM--"are krodhAdi kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara dara-dara bhaTaka gaye...... / aSTa-madoM se tuma khUba khele aura dhana-dhAnya, putrAdi icchAoM kI pUrti meM lage rhe| para ye saba sukha mAtra sukhAbhAsa haiM, kSaNika haiM, tumhArA sAtha dene vAle nahIM" (brahmavilAsa, pR0 39-44) / ___ moha ke bhrama se hI adhikAMza karma kiye jAte haiN| moha ko cetana aura acetana meM koI bheda nahIM dikhAI detaa| moha ke vaza kisane kyA kiyA hai| ise 'moha-bhramASTaka' meM purANa kathA kA AdhAra lekara bhagavatIdAsa ne sUcita kiyA hai| Age ve kahate haiM--"mere moha ne merA saba kucha bigAr3a kara rakhA hai| karma-rUpa girikandarA meM usakA nivAsa rahatA hai| usameM chipe hue hI vaha aneka pApa karatA hai, para kisI ko dikhAI nahIM detaa|" aMtima paMktiyoM meM ve kahate haiM ki "ina sabhI vikAroM ko dUra karane kA ekamAtra upAya jinavANI hai . "moha mere sAre ne bigAre Ana jIva saba, jagata ke bAsI taise bAsI kara rAkhe haiN| karma-giri-kandarA meM basata chipAye Apa, karata aneka pApa jAta kaise bhAkhe haiN|" adhyAtmasAdhaka bhagavatIdAsa ne dhArmika bAhyADambaroM/kriyAoM ko paramAtma-pada prApti meM bAdhaka mAnA hai; isalie unhoMne bAhya kriyAoM ko hI saba kucha mAnanevAloM se prazna kiye ki "yadi mAtra jala snAna se mukti milatI ho, to jala meM rahane vAlI machalI sabase prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0091

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pahale mukta hotI; dugdhapAna se mukti hotI, to bAlaka sarvaprathama mukta hogA; aMga meM vibhUti lagAne se mukti hotI, to gadhoM ko bhI mukti milegI; mAtra rAma kahane se mukti ho, to zuka bhI mukta hogA; dhyAna se mukti ho, to baka mukta hogA; sira muMDAne se mukti ho, to bher3a bhI tira jAyegI; mAtra vastra chor3ane se koI mukta hotA ho, to pazu mukta hoMge; AkAza gamana karane se mukti prApta ho, to pakSiyoM ko bhI mokSa milegaa| yaha saba saMsAra kI vibhinna rIti hai| saca to yaha hai ki tattvajJAna ke binA mokSa prApta nahIM ho sktaa|" kabIra Adi saMtoM ne bhI isI taraha bAhyADambaroM kA virodha kiyA hai| 'brahmavilAsa' kI aneka racanAoM--"supaMtha-kupaMtha-pacIsikA, anitya-pacIsikA, subuddhi-caubIsI, zataaSTottarI Adi meM aise bAhyAcAroM kI khillI ur3AyI hai| kucha paMktiyA~ draSTavya haiM: nara deha pAye kahA~ paMDita kahAye khaa| tIratha ke nhAye kahA tIra to na jaihe re|| zuddhi te mIna, piyeM paya bAlaka, rAsabha aMga vibhUti lgaaye| rAma kahe zuka dhyAna gahe baka, bher3a tire puni mUDa muDAye / / adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA kendra mana hai| usakI gati tIvratama hai, isalie use vaza meM kiye binA mukti prApta nahIM ho sktii| 'bhaiyA' ko mana sabase adhika prabala lgaa| trilokoM meM bhramaNa karAnevAlA yahI mana hai| usakA svabhAva caMcala hai| ise unhoMne 'brahmavilAsa' kI nimna paMktiyoM meM citrita kiyA hai "mana so balI na dUsaro, dekhyo ihiM saMsAra / tIna loka meM phirata hI, jatana lAgai bAra / / mana dAsana ko dAsa hai, mana bhUpana ko bhuup| mana saba bAtani yogya hai, mana kI kathA anUpa / / isIlie......... jaba mana mUMdhoM dhyAna meM, indriya bhaI nirAza / / taba iha Atama-brahma ne, kIne nij-prkaash||" isIlie 'zata-aSTottarI' meM unhoMne mana ko phaTakArate hue kahA hai--"he ! cetana, terI mati kisane hara lI? tu apane paramapada ko kyoM nahIM samajhatA? anAdikAla vyatIta ho gayA, kyA tujhe aba bhI ceta nahIM huA? cAra dina ke lie ThAkura ho jAne se kyA tU gatiyoM meM ghUmanA bhUla gayA - "kevalarUpa virAjata cetana, tAhi viloki are ! mtvaare| ____ kAla anAdi vitIta bhayo, ajahu~ tohi ceta na hota kahA re||" ___ isI saMdarbha meM unhoMne vyakti ko pahale sAMsArika icchAoM kI ora se saceta kiyA aura phira narabhava durlabhatA kI ora saMketa kiyA ki jIva anAdikAla se mithyAjJAna ke vazIbhUta hokara karma kara rahA hai| kabhI vaha vAmA ke cakkara meM par3atA hai, kabhI zarIra se rAga karatA 092 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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hai. to kabhI parivAra se| use yaha dhyAna nahIM ki "Aja kAli pIjareM soM paMchI ur3a jAta hai|" he cidAnaMda ! tuma apane mUlasvarUpa para vicAra kro| jaba taka tuma anya rUpa meM page rahoge, taba taka vAstavika sukha tumheM nahIM mila skegaa| narabhava kI durlabhatA kA upadeza sadguru kI preraNA se sAdhaka pAkara saceta hotA hai _ "eto dukha saMsAra meM, eto sukha saba jaan| imi lakhi 'bhaiyA' cetiye, suguru-vacana ura aan||" ___ 'madhu-bindu' kI caupAI meM unhoMne anya rahasyavAdI saMtoM ke samAna guru ke mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA hai| unakA vizvAsa hai ki sadguru ke mArgadarzana ke binA jIva kA kalyANa nahIM ho sakatA; para vItarAgI sadguru bhI AsAnI se nahIM milatA, puNya ke udaya se hI aisA sadguru milatA hai / "subhaTA saucai hie maeNjhAra, ye sAMce taarnhaar| maiM saTha phirayau karamavana-mAMhi, aise guru kahu~ pAe naahiN| aba mo puNya-udaya kucha bhyau| sA~ce guru ko darzana lyau||" jaisA hama sabhI jAnate haiM, AtmA kI vizuddhatama avasthA paramAtmA kahalAtI hai| isa para 'bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa' ne apane cetana karmacAritra' meM jIva ke samUce tattvoM para vizada prakAza DAlA hai "ekahi brahma asaMkhya prdesh| guNa anaMta cetanatA bhesh| zakti anaMta lasai jisa mAMhi / jA sama aura dUsarau naahiN|| para kA parasa raMca nahi jhaaN| zuddhasarUpa kahAvai thaaN| avinAzI avicala avikaar| so paramAtama hai nirdhaar||" -(paramAtmA kI jayamAla) isIprakAra cetana aura pudgala ke aMtara ko unhoMne bar3I kAvyAtmaka-zailI meM spaSTa kiyA hai--"jisaprakAra lAla vastra pahinane se zarIra lAla nahIM hotaa| vastra jIrNa-zIrNa hone se zarIra jIrNa-zIrNa nahIM hotA, usI taraha zarIra ke jIrNa-zIrNa hone se AtmA jIrNa-zIrNa nahIM hotaa| zarIra pudgala kI paryAya hai| aura usameM cidAnaMdarUpa AtmA kA nivAsa hai (brahmavilAsa, aashcry-cturdshii)| parantu cittazuddhi ke binA sAdhaka AtmavikAsa nahIM kara pAtA; isIlie unhoMne 'puNya-pacIsikA' meM samyaktva ko 'sugati kA dAtA' aura 'durgati kA vinAzaka' kahA tathA bhedavijJAna ko hI Atmopalabdhi mAnA hai| unhoMne "jaiso zivakheta tesau deha meM virAjamAna, aiso lakhi sumati svabhAva meM pagAte haiM", kahakara "jJAna binA bera-bera kriyA karI phera-phera, kiyA koU kAraja jatana ko", kahA hai| kavi kA cetana jaba anAdikAla se lage mohAdika ko naSTa kara anantajJAna zakti ko pA jAtA hai, to vaha kaha uThatA hai prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0093

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"dekho merI sakhI ye Aja cetana ghara aavai| kAla anAdi phiryo paravaza hI aba nija sudhahiM citaavai||" paramAtma-pada pAne ke lie sAdhaka aneka prakAra ke mArga apanAtA hai| jaba use yoga-sAdhanA kA mArga durgama pratIta hotA hai, to vaha prapatti (ananyazaraNAgata) bhakti kA sahArA letA hai| rahasya-sAdhakoM ke lie yaha mArga adhika sulabha hai, isIlie 'bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa' prabhu ke caraNoM kI zaraNa meM jAkara prabala kAmadeva kI nirdayatA kA zikAra hone se bacanA cAhate haiN| ve pArzva-jinendra kI bhakti meM agAdha niSThA vyakta kara unakI sevA se hI rAta-dina kI cintA naSTa ho jAyegI, aisA mAnate haiM "kAhe ko deza dizAMtara dhAvata, kAhe rijhAvata indra nriNd| kAhe ko devi au' deva manAvata, kAhe ko sIsa navAvata caMda / / kAhe ko sUraja-soM kara jorata, kAhe nihorata mUr3ha muniNd| kAhe ko soca kare dina raina ta, sevata kyoM nahiM pArzva-jinaMda / / " -(brahma vilAsa) isa sthiti meM bhakta-sAdhaka kI AtmA vizuddhatama hokara apane meM hI paramAtmA kA rUpa dekhatI hai| taba vaha prema aura zraddhA kI atirekatA ke kAraNa usase apanA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha sthApita karane lagatI hai| kabhI sAdhaka use patirUpa meM dekhatA hai, kabhI patnI aura kabhI baalk| 'bhaiyA' kA 'lAla' unase kahIM dUra calA gayA, isalie usako pukArate hue ve kahate haiM--"he lAla, tuma kisake sAtha ghUma rahe ho? tuma apane jJAna ke mahala meM kyoM nahIM Ate? tumane apane aMtara meM jhA~ka kara kabhI nahIM dekhA ki vahA~ dayA, kSamA, samatA aura zAMti jaisI suMdara nAriyA~ tumhAre lie khar3I huI haiN| ve anupama rUpa sampanna haiN|" 'zata aSTottarI' kA nimna pada draSTavya hai-- "kahA~ kahA~ kauna saMga lAge hI phirata lAla, Avau kyoM na Aja tuma jJAna ke mahala meN|....." anya santa kaviyoM-kabIra banArasIdAsa, bhUdharadAsa, dyAnatarAya Adi kI bhA~ti AdhyAtmika holI kA raMga bhI manoratha hai| bhagavatIdAsa apanI cUnarI ko iSTadeva ke raMga meM ra~gane ke lie Atura dikhAI dete haiN| usameM AtmArUpI suMdarI vizvarUpa prItama ko prApta karane kA prayatna karatI hai| samyaktvarUpI vastra ko dhAraNakara jJAnarUpI jala ke dvArA sabhI prakAra kA mala dhokara vaha suMdarI ziva se vivAha karatI hai| isa upalakSya meM eka sarasa 'jyoMnAra' (sahabhoja) hotI hai, jisameM gaNadhara parosane vAle hote haiM, jisake khAne se ananta-catuSTaya kI prApti hotI hai "tumha jinavara dehi raMgAI ho, vinavar3a saSI piyA ziva suNdrii| aruNa anupama mAla ho mero bhava jalatAraNa cuunddii||..... 00 94 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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anaMta catuSTaya suSa ghaNAM janma maraNa nahi hoi ho||" - (zrI cUnarI) 'zata aSTottarI' ke eka savaiye meM unhoMne kahA hai ki kAyArUpI nagarI meM cidAnaMda rUpI rAjA rAjya karatA hai| vaha mAyArUpI rAnI meM magna rahatA hai; para jaba usakA satyArtha kI ora dhyAna gayA, to use jJAna upalabdha ho gayA aura mAyAjAla dUra ho gayAkAyA-sI ju nagarI meM cidAnaMda rAja karai, mAyA-sI jU rAnI pai magana bahu bhayo hai| aisI rAjadhAnI meM apane guNa bhUli rahyo, sudhi jaba AI tabai jJAna Apa gahyo hai|| isaprakAra kabIra Adi saMtoM kI bhA~ti bhagavatIdAsa ne apanA advaitavAdI dRSTikoNa prakaTa kiyA hai| bahirAtmA ke Upara jo mAyA-karma jAla kA pardA par3A huA hai, vaha sadguru aura bhedavijJAna se dUra hokara antarAtmA kI ora unmukha hotA hai aura vahI antarAtmA carama-vizuddhi prAptakara paramAtmA kA anubhava apane ghara meM karane lagatA hai| yahI AtmA-paramAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra hai, yahI paramapada kI prApti hai, yahI advaitavAda hai aura yahI AdhyAtmikatA kI carama-sImA rUpa rahasyavAda hai| jisake darzana hameM unake brahmavilAsa' meM yatra-tatra mila jAte haiN| eka ora jahA~ bhagavatIdAsa kI racanAoM kA bhAvapakSa sugaThita aura puSTa haiadhyAtma aura bhakti samanvaya kI dRSTi se, vahIM dUsarI ora kalA-sauSThava kI dRSTi se bhI ve apane samakAlIna kaviyoM se kama nhiiN| unakI bhASA to prAMjala hai hI, sAtha meM kavittoM meM yathAvazyaka muhAvaroM kA prayoga sauMdarya-vRddhi meM kitanA svAbhAvika hai, dekhie "ceta re aceta puni cetave ko nahiM Thaura / bhAva kAli pIMjare soM paMchI ur3a jAtu hai||" unake paMcendriya-saMvAda' meM adbhuta lAlitya hai| brahmavilAsa kI vividha racanAoM meM bhinna-bhinna chaMdoM kA prayoga hama pahale dekha hI cuke haiN| vistAra-bhaya se hama kevala nAmollekha hI kara rahe haiM--yathA- caupAI, kavitta, savaiyA, chappaya, kuMDaliyA~, aDilla aadi| rUpaka, upamA, yama, anuprAsa, citrAlaMkAra Adi kA svAbhAvika prayoga katipaya uddharaNoM meM hamane dekhA hI hai| unhoMne prakRti ko kahIM Alambana rUpa meM to kahIM zAMta rasa ke uddIpana rUpa meM adhika prastuta kiyA hai| __ uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki adhyAtmasAdhaka bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa ne zRMgAra bhare vAtAvaraNa meM apanI lekhanI ko adhyAtma-nirUpaNa aura ahetuka-bhakti kI ora mor3akara jo asAdhAraNa pratibhA kA paricaya diyA hai, vaha hindI ke uttara madhyakAlIna sAhitya meM apratima hai| unhoMne bAhyADambaroM se dUra rahakara saMsArI jIva ko vItarAga prabhu ke nAma-smaraNa, NamokAra-maMtra aura ahetuka-bhakti kA mahattva batAkara AtmakalyANa karane kA mArga prazasta kiyaa| aise adhyAtma-sAdhaka kaviyoM ke sAhityika yogadAna kA punarmUlyAMkana karanA apekSita hai| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 95

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pustaka samIkSA pustaka kA nAma : patroM dvArA karaNAnuyoga paricaya lekhaka : DaoN0 zrImatI ujjvalA zahA prakAzaka .: vItarAga vANI prakAzaka, 157/9, nirmalA nivAsa, sAyana IsTa, mumbaI mUlya : dasa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 160 pRSTha) saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 ___ isa laghu pustikA meM karaNAnuyoga jaise sUkSma evaM kaThina viSaya kA sarala evaM manovaijJAnika paddhati se prabhAvI paricaya diyA gayA hai| zAstrIya viSayoM ko naI pIr3hI taka pahu~cAne ke liye aise prayogoM kA svAgata honA caahiye| samAja kI yuvA pIr3hI ko karaNAnuyoga-viSayaka jAnakArI ke liye yaha pustaka ghara-ghara meM pahu~cAI jAnI caahiye| isakA mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai, kahIM-kahIM marAThI bhASA kA halkA prabhAva dekhane ko milatA hai| phira bhI samagrarUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya hai| isa zreSTha kArya ke lie viduSI lekhikA evaM prakAzaka --donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** (2) pustaka kA nAma : karAhatA kuNDalapura lekhaka : nIraja jaina prakAzaka : manIzA TrasTa, zAnti sadana, kampanI bAga, satanA (ma0pra0) mUlya : paccIsa rupaye, (DimAI sAIja, peparabaika, 136 pRSTha) saMskaraNa : gyArahavAM saMskaraNa, 2000 I0 ___kuNDalapura kSetra ke paramapUjya bar3e bAbA evaM anya purAtAttvika mahattva kI sAmagrI ke sAtha anapekSita rUpa se jo parivartana kiyA jA rahA hai, usake prati kisI pUrvAgrahI pRSThabhUmi ke binA dekhane para yaha pustaka atyanta mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI upalabdha karAtI hai| tathA jIrNoddhAra ke ati AkarSaNa meM apekSita sAvadhAniyoM ke prati acchI jAnakArI isa pustaka meM milatI hai| AzA hai ki niSpakSabhAva se samAja meM isakA svAgata hogA, aura 00 96 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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apekSita sudhAra bhI dRSTigocara hogA / isakA mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai, tathA samagrarUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya hai / -sampAdaka ** (3) pustaka kA nAma : zaurasenI prAkRta aura usakA sAhitya lekhaka prakAzaka mUlya saMskaraNa pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa, naI dillI : dasa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 48 pRSTha) : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 isa laghu pustikA meM zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM cala rahI 'AcArya kundakunda smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA' ke pAMcaveM satra meM pradatta zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya viSayaka vyAkhyAnoM kA Alekha rUpa meM saMkalana kara saMpAdita evaM prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| isameM vidvAn lekhaka ne zaurasenI prAkRta kI paramparA ke prAmANika bodha ke sAtha-sAtha zaurasenI prAkRta ke sAhitya kI bhI prabhAvI jhalaka prastuta kI hai| isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki na kevala zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA, apitu usakA sAhitya bhI bahuAyAmI evaM vyApaka prasArakSetra vAlA thA / isake prArambha meM vidyApITha ke mAnanIya kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya kA prabhAvI 'prAkkathana' evaM viSayAnusArI jAnakAriyoM se samanvita DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kI 'prastAvanA' bhI upayogI sAmagrI prastuta karate haiM / : isakA sampAdana, mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai| tathA samagra rUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya hai / isa zreSTha kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka - donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM 1 - sampAdaka ** (4) anuvAdaka prakAzaka : pustaka kA nAma: bArahakkhara - kakka lekhaka mUlya saMskaraNa : mahamaMda mui : harivallabha bhAyANI : apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI, zrImahAvIrajI (rAja0 ) : paccIsa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 96 pRSTha) : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 isa laghu pustikA meM zrI mahayaMda muNi dvArA viracita 'bArahakkhariya' evaM 'dohA-vellI' nAmoM se prasiddha 'bArahakkhara - kakka' nAmaka kRti kA sampAdana evaM anuvAda karake prakAzana kiyA gayA hai / prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000 097

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prakhyAta bhASAzAstrI DaoN0 harivallabha bhAyANI ke dvArA isakI prAmANika bhUmikA, anuvAda, mUlapATha kI zuddhi apekSita TippaNa evaM viziSTa zabdoM kI sUcI ke sAtha-sAtha sandarbha-graMthoM kI sUcI dekara isa laghu kRti para acchA zodhakArya prastuta kiyA hai| ___ bolacAla kI bhASA meM jise 'bArahakhar3I' kahA jAtA hai, use AdhAra banAkara isameM jainatattvajJAna ko saMkSipta dohoM ke rUpa meM pirokara manohArI prastuti kI gaI hai| apabhraMza bhASA kI isa upayogI kRti ke uddhAra ke liye DaoN0 harivallabha bhAyANI evaM apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI --donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| isakA sampAdana, mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai| tathA samagra rUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya -sampAdaka ** (5) pustaka kA nAma : hamAre pUrvaja hamAre hitaiSI saMkalana . : subodha kumAra jaina saMpAdana : jugala kizora jaina prakAzaka : zrI jaina siddhAnta bhavana, devAzrama, ArA-802301 (bihAra) mUlya : paccIsa rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 140+10=150 pRSTha) saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 jainasamAja meM anekoM aise yazasvI parivAra huye haiM, jinakI paramparA meM sAmAjika evaM rASTrIya stara para ullekhanIya kArya sampanna huye| aisA hI eka parivAra devAzrama parivAra' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA' isI parivAra kI eka aisI yazasvI prastuti hai, jisase Aja vizvabhara ke vidyAnurAgI suparicita haiN| ucca cAritrika mUlyoM evaM naitika paramparAoM ke poSaka isa parivAra ke dvArA vigata cAra pIr3hiyoM se jainasamAja ke sAtha-sAtha saMpUrNa rASTra kI jo mahanIya sevA kI gaI hai, usakI vinamra evaM saMkSipta prastuti isa pustaka meM tathyAtmaka rUpa se huI hai| isase hama apane deza evaM samAja ke yazasvI pUrvajoM ke AdarzoM aura kAryazailI kI preraNA apane jIvana ke liye le sakate haiM, tathA una AdarzoM ko apanAkara rASTra aura samAja ko sarvavidha unnati ke mArga para le jA sakate haiN| pANDulipiyoM ke saMrakSaNa, purAtAttvika mahattva kI kalAkRtiyoM kI surakSA tathA starIya upayogI sAhitya ke prakAzana ke kAraNa yaha parivAra viziSTa zikSA-premiyoM ke dvArA bhI bahumAnita rahA hai| zaikSika saMsthAoM ke nirmANa tathA saphala saMcAlana kA yazasvI itihAsa isa parivAra ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| AzA hai, deza-videza ke pratyeka starIya pustakAlaya meM tathA zikSaNa-kendroM meM isakI prati avazya upalabdha karAI jAyegI, sAtha hI dezabhara ke pratyeka jaina-maMdira meM bhI ise bhejA 00 98 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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jAyegA, tAki samAja apane pUrvajoM kI yazogAthA se paricita evaM lAbhAnvita ho sake / isakA sampAdana evaM prakAzana starIya hai / yadyapi isakI bAIMDiMga evaM mudraNa kA stara isa kRti kI garimA ke anurUpa nahIM bana pAyA hai, tathApi viSaya kI mahanIyatA ke kAraNa samagrarUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya hai / isa zreSTha kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM 1 - sampAdaka ** (6) pustaka kA nAma : trizalAnaMdana tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ( marAThI ) lekhana-saMpAdana : suzrI vizalyAdevI gaMgavAla prakAzaka mUlya saMskaraNa : zrI svayaMbhU prakAzana, solApura-413004 (mahA0) : eka sau rupaye, (DimAI sAIz2a, peparabaika, 151 pRSTha) : prathama saMskaraNa 1999 I0 marAThI bhASA meM sAhitya-prakAzana kI paramparA prAcIna hote huye bhI vigata dazaka meM isa dizA meM jainasamAja kI jAgRti ullekhanIya hai / abhI kucha varSoM meM bahuAyAmI dRSTikoNa se marAThI bhASA kA vyApaka jaina - sAhitya prakAzita huA hai| kaI saMsthAyeM isameM saMlagna haiM, isase mahArASTra aMcala meM jaina - sAhitya evaM tattvajJAna ke pracAra-prasAra ke liye * acchA vAtAvaraNa nirmita huA hai| nAsika-nivAsI suzrI vizalyA gaMgavAla dvArA nirmita isa kRti meM kula 23 paricchedoM ke mAdhyama se bhagavAn mahAvIra kI jIvana-darzana viSayaka upayogI sAmagrI prastuta kI gaI hai| yadyapi isameM AdhAra-sAmagrI evaM saMdarbha - sUcanAoM kA prAya: abhAva hai, phira bhI bhASA evaM viSaya ke pravAha meM yaha kamI adhika nahIM khalatI hai / AvaraNa-pRSTha para purAtAttvika mahattva kI arvAcIna evaM prAcIna sAmagrI ko citrita kara eka acchA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai / kyA hI acchA hotA ki yadi ina citroM kA paricaya bhI AvaraNa-pRSTha ke pIche prakAzita kara diyA gayA hotaa| isase ina citroM kI upAdeyatA adhika bar3ha jAtI / isakA sampAdana, mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai / isa acche kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka - donoM hI badhAI ke pAtra haiM / (7) : himAlayAta digambara munI : padmacanda zAstrI saMpAdana evaM prastAvanA : DaoN0 sudIpa jaina marAThI anuvAda prakAzaka pustaka kA nAma lekhana - : mahAmahopAdhyAya zrImatI rekhA jaina : dharmamaMgala prakAzana, puNe - 411007 ( mahA0 ) prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000 -sampAdaka ** 199

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saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 (paoNkeTa buka sAIz2a, peparabaika, 107 pRSTha) kundakunda bhAratI saMsthAna dvArA prakAzita sAhitya ko vibhinna bhASAoM meM anUdita kara prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai, yaha isa saMsthA ke dvArA prakAzita sAhitya kI upAdeyatA ko sUcita karatA hai, sAtha hI anya prakAzakoM ke saumanasya ko bhI jJApita karatA hai| isa laghu pustikA meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda munirAja ke dvArA muni-avasthA meM kI gaI himAlaya yAtrA kA vRttAnta prastuta huA hai| yadyapi yaha vivaraNa hindI bhASA meM vigata 25 varSoM se kaI saMskaraNoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai, tathA dezabhara meM isakI kaI hajAra pratiyA~ pahu~ca cukI haiM; kintu marAThI bhASA meM isakA yaha prathama prakAzana hai, isase marAThI bhASA-bhASI jijJAsuoM ke liye jainamuni kI caryA evaM sUkSma tattvajJAna ke bAre meM upayogI jAnakArI upalabdha hogii| isakA sampAdana, mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai| isa upayogI kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka -donoM hI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** (8) pustaka kA nAma : jinavANI kA nirjhara lekhaka : dulIcanda jaina sAhityaratna vitaraka : jaina iMDasTriyala kaoNrporezana, 70, sembudosa sTrITa, cennaI-600 001 mUlya : paccIsa rupaye, (guTakA sAIz2a, peparabaika, 149 pRSTha) saMskaraNa : prathama saMskaraNa 2000 I0 ___ isa kRti meM nItiparaka anekoM sUktiyAM hindI meM aMgrejI-anuvAda-sahita prakAzita kI gaI haiN| inakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki inameM sAMpradAyika saMkIrNatA kA abhAva hai, tathA dArzanika gUr3hatA bhI prAya: nahIM hai; sIdhe sarala zabdoM meM nIti evaM sadAcAra kI jJAnavardhaka sAmagrI isameM ekatrita kI gayI hai| isakA sampAdana, mudraNa evaM prakAzana starIya hai| tathA samagra rUpa se yaha prayAsa stutya hai| isa zreSTha kArya ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM prakAzaka -donoM hI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN| -sampAdaka ** 00 100 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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abhimata 0 prAkRtavidyA' kA janavarI-mArca '2000 I0 kA aMka prApta huaa| patrikA kI sabase sukhada bAta lagI ki isake sabhI lekha Agama kI kasauTI para kase hue hone se pAThakoM ko digbhrAnta hone se bacAkara sahI sAmagrI pradAna kara yathArthatA se paricaya karavAte haiN| Aja ke isa yuga meM isakI hI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| ___ 'abhIkSNajJAnopayoga' lekha meM samasta prANiyoM ke lie vyaktigata nirAkulatA, sAmAjika jIvana meM vyavahAra sthiratA kA mUlamaMtra batAkara vizvavyApI sabhI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna batA diyaa| jainazAsana ke saMkaTa meM par3ane kA pramukha kAraNa Agama-granthoM ke pramANoM kA virodha yA upekSA karanA hai - isa para prakAza DAlate hue DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne una mahAmanISiyoM ko, jo AtmadhyAna yA AtmajJAna ke dvArA mithyAtva kA kSaya karake saMsAramArga se haTakara jIvana meM mokSamArga kI zuruAta kara rahe haiM; unheM 'ekadeza jina' saMjJA se samAhUta kiyA hai| isake liye unhoMne vibhinna Agama-granthoM ke pramANoM se puSTi karate hue una manISiyoM ko sva-para-zraddhA karane kA vizvAsa bhI jagAyA hai| yadi ye manISI itane upakArabhAvI ko 'ekadeza-AgamacakkhU sAhU' saMjJA se vibhUSita kareM, to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| utkRSTa sAMskRtika virAsata ke sUcaka kAtantra vyAkaraNa' kA jo apanI anekoM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa deza-videza meM sadaiva Adara ko prApta rahA hai, sabhI Avazyaka kSetroM meM puna: paThana-pAThana honA usake vismRta gaurava ko puna: pratiSThita karAnA hai| -zrImatI snehalatA jaina, jayapura ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' patrikA prAkRtabhASA para to anusaMdhAna karatI hai, dhArmika, aitihAsika viSayoM kI jAnakArI va mArgadarzana bhI karatI hai| ___ apraila-jUna aMka meM 'bhaTTAraka paramparA' para jo prabhAva DAlA hai samayAnukUla hai| hindI-sAhitya ke pracAra aura prasAra meM prArambhika kAla se hI jainAcAryoM, vidvAnoM, lekhakoM kA vizeSa yogadAna rahA hai, unhoMne mahAkAvyoM, purANoM Adi kI racanA kara sAhitya ko U~cA uThAyA hai| 'prAkRtavidyA' patrikA ke anusAra hI timAhI hindI-sAhitya-saMbaMdhI patrikA ke prakAzana kI bhI vyavasthA ho jAye to jaina-sAhitya vizeSarUpa se prakAza meM aayegaa| -jainaprakAza jaina, vikAsanagara, deharAdUna ** prAkRtarvidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 101

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(c) 'prAkRtavidyA' janavarI-mArca '2000 kA aMka prApta huaa| sampAdakIya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke antargata mithyAtva' kI vyAkhyA sundara DhaMga se rakhatA hai| 'abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga' lekha kAphI sUjhabUjha se likhA gayA zodhapUrNa lekha hai| 'kumAra-zramaNAdibhi:' 'jaina samAja kA mahanIya gauravagrantha kAtantra vyAkaraNa' bhI acche jJAnavardhaka lekha hai| 'nirgrantha zramaNa' saMbaMdhI lekha bhI AkarSita karate haiN| 'gorakSA se ahiMsaka saMskRti kI rakSA' bhAratIya paramparA va pravRtti para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| siddhArtha kA lAr3alA' kAvya sarala hote hue bhI acchI sthiti batAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke saMbaMdha meM anya jAnakArI sAmayika hokara vicAraNIya hai| ___ aMka dUradarzitA ko darzAne ke sAtha-sAtha sampAdana kI kuzalatA bhI batAtA hai| acche aMka dene hetu badhAI svIkAra kreN| -madana mohana varmA, gvAliyara, (ma0pra0) ** (r) 'prAkRtavidyA' kA navInatama aMka prApta huaa| 'abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga' Adi lekha bahuta jJAnavarddhaka hai| pUjya AcAryazrI ke lekhoM kA eka saMkalana samagrarUpa se nikalanA upayukta rahegA, tAki saba lekhoM kA eka sAtha lAbha mila ske| isa hetu prAkRtavidyA ke vizeSAMka bhI prakAzita kie jA sakate haiN| -rameza canda jaina ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' (varSa 11, aMka 4) janavarI-mArca '2000 I0 ke mukhapRSTha para 'pIyUSa-parva' ke upalakSya meM pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pAvana sAnnidhya meM bra0 kamalAbAI jI ko 'sAhU zrI azoka jaina smRti puraskAra' kI cira-smaraNIya chavi nihAra kara puNya kA baMdha huaa| zramaNa-dIkSA ke uparAMta AtmadhyAna meM lIna rASTrasaMta munizrI vidyAnaMda jI kA durlabha citra sAdharmI baMdhuoM tathA bhaktoM ke lie 'prAkRtavidyA' kI anupama bheMTa ke mAniMda hai| dhyAna ko 'ciMtA-nirodha' ke rUpa meM nirUpita karate hue saMjoI gaI sAmagrI ke lie sAdhuvAda jJApita karanA merA parama kartavya hai| 'pIyUSa-parva' kI raMgAraMga jhalakiyoM ne bhI dharmasabhA meM upasthita zraddhAluoM kA mAna bar3hAte hue mana moha liyA hai| ataeva isa nimitta bhI badhAI svIkAra kiijie| -hukamacaMda sogAnI, ujjaina (ma0pra0) ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' mArca '2000 I0 milii| 'sampAdakIya' se bar3I bauddhika UrjA milatI hai| DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina, DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye ke lekha saMgrahaNIya haiN| ApakA zrama dhanya hai| -DaoN0 praNava zAstrI, vijaya nagara, baMdAyU~ ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA janavarI-mArca '2000 I0 kA aMka pddh'aa| Apake dvArA likhA saMpAdakIya 'mithyAtva rahita sabhI ekadeza jina haiM' vartamAna pariprekSya meM atizaya upayukta hai| sva-saMvedana yA AtmAnubhUti athavA zuddhopayoga sabhI ekArthavAcI hone se zuddhopayogI sAtaveM guNasthAna se hI mAnane vAloM ko yaha karArA uttara hai| vRhad dravyasaMgraha' kI gAthA 27 00 102 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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(dUsarA adhyAya kI utthAnikA) meM bhAvanA, zuddhopayoga, nirvikalpa samAdhi Adi usI ko kahA gayA hai (dekheM pR0 83) / isake spaSTIkaraNa meM bhAvanA kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai'dravyazakti rUpa zuddha-pAriNAmikabhAvaviSaye bhAvanA bhnnyte|.......yt: eva bhAvanA muktikAraNaM tata eva zuddhapAriNAmikabhAvo dhyeyarUpo bhavati, dhyAnabhAvanArUpa: na bhavati. ......' / aise utkRSTa saMpAdakIya ke liye AbhArI huuN| vaise pUrNa aMka kI sAmagrI eka Agama-svarUpa svAdhyAya-premiyoM ko pauSTika AhAra-svarUpa hai| AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA pravacana 'abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga' adhyAtma meM praveza karAnevAlA hai| svAdhyAya vyavahAramArga aura AtmasvarUpa hU~ --aisA jJAnopayoga nizcaya pariNAma hai| yaha atizaya mananIya hai| bhaTTAraka-paramparA para donoM vidvAnoM ke lekha dRSTi samyak karane vAle haiN| paraMtu bhaTTArakoM ne pIchI-kamaMDalu dhAraNa karanA yaha kauna-sI pratimA svIkAra kI hai? --yaha spaSTa nahIM huaa| astu, sampUrNa aMka kI sarvAMga suMdaratA-hetu punazca abhinNdn| -zrI manohara mAravaDakara, mahAvIra nagara, nAgapUra ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' kA janavarI-mArca '2000 I0 kA aMka par3hane ko milaa| isa aMka meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke va unake viSaya meM lekha bar3e prabhAva paidA karane vAle haiN| sampAdakIya to sampAdakIya na hokara staMbha-lekha hotA, to aura adhika zreyaskara hotaa| patrikA ke pR0 73 para 'zreNika va kuNika kA vRttAMta' par3hakara mujhe lagA ki auraMgajeba se bar3hakara pitR-virodhI logoM kI bhAratIya itihAsa meM kamI nahIM hai| -ema0ela0 jaina, naI dillI ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA purAnA aMka apraila-jUna 1998 I0 kA aMka hAtha lgaa| par3hane para aisA lagA ki isa prakAra kI zodhaparaka, adhikRta va anUThI patrikA se hama vaMcita raha gaye, khinnatA huii| 'jAge tabhI saberA' kI dRSTi se patra likha rahA huuN| -surendra pAla jaina, naI dillI ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' kA janavarI-mArca kA aMka milaa| patra-patrikAoM meM saMpAdakIya' hI se usakA stara jJAta ho jAtA hai| pratIta ho jAtA hai ki rujhAna kisa ora hai| parantu vilamba se hI sahI mujhe 'mithyAtva-rahita sabhI ekadezajina haiM' par3hakara asIma zAMti milii| aisA lagA ki isa yuga meM koI dUsarA ToDaramala ajJAna-aMdhakAra ko jJAnadIpa se dUra kara rahA hai| prAkRtavidyA meM garbhita jinavANI ke durlabha-ratna janasAmAnya evaM ucca padAsInoM ke yathArthabodha meM sahAyaka bane, sabhI ko kalyANakArI ho - yahI bhAvanA hai| Apake utkRSTa jJAna kI sarAhanA kiye binA raha pAnA mujhase saMbhava-sA nahIM thaa| -dineza kumAra jaina eDavokeTa, sAgara, (ma0pra0) ** prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 00 103

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samAcAra darzana AcArya kundakunda smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA kA chaThavAM satra sampanna zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI meM dinAMka 23 evaM 24 mArca 2000 I0 ko zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA evaM sAhitya-viSayaka AcArya kundakunda smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA kA chaThavAM satra garimApUrvaka sampanna huaa| zrI kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa dvArA isa vidyApITha meM sthApita yaha vyAkhyAnamAlA vigata 6 varSoM se prAkRtabhASA aura sAhitya ke uccastarIya suprasiddha vidvAnoM ke garimApUrNa vyAkhyAna prativarSa Ayojita karatI hai / tathA pratyeka varSa do dina do zaikSaNika satroM meM alaga-alaga viSayoM para mahattvapUrNa vyAkhyAna mukhyavaktA ke dvArA pradAna kiye jAte haiN| yaha eka vizeSa upalabdhi hai ki prAyaH isa vyAkhyAnamAlA meM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA pAvana sAnnidhya bhI prApta hotA hai / isa varSa kI vyAkhyAnamAlA meM mukhyavaktA ke rUpa meM padhAre vidvavarya pro0 premasumana jaina (adhyakSa, jainavidyA evaM prAkRtavibhAga, sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura) ke do mahattvapUrNa vyAkhyAna huye| dinAMka 23 mArca ke vyAkhyAna kA viSaya thA- 'prAkRta - adhyayana ke sau varSa', tathA 24 mArca ko unhoMne 'zaurasenI prAkRta sAhitya kI sAMskRtika dharohara' viSaya para apanA vyAkhyAna diyA / ina donoM vyAkhyAna-sa - satroM meM paramapUjya AcAryazrI ke maMgala pravacana bhI samAgata vidvAnoM evaM jijJAsuoM ke liye vizeSa AkarSaNa ke kendra rhe| vyAkhyAnamAlA meM samAgata vidvAnoM evaM atithiyoM kA vaiduSyapUrNa svAgata vidyApITha ke mAnanIya kulapati pro0 ( DaoN0 ) vAcaspati upAdhyAya ne kiyA / isa vyAkhyAnamAlA ke dvArA vidyApITha meM hI nahIM, apitu sAre deza meM prAkRtabhASA, vizeSataH zaurasenI prAkRta ke bAre meM mahattvapUrNa jAnakAriyA~ prApta ho rahI haiN| sadA kI bhA~ti isa satra kA bhI saMyojana evaM saMcAlana vidyApITha meM prAkRtabhASA vibhAga ke adhyakSa DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne kiyA / --DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye ** 'kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa' bhAratIya lokabhASAoM evaM saMskRta donoM kA setu " IsApUrva kAla meM racita kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa nAmaka graMtha samasta bhAratIya lokabhASAoM evaM saMskRta bhASA ke bIca 'setu' kA kAma karatA hai / yaha graMtha saralatama paddhati se hara varga ke logoM 104 prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000

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ko saMskRta bhASA ko sIkhane kA sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa evaM vizvavikhyAta sAdhana rahA hai| isI kAraNa se na kevala bhAratavarSa apitu bhArata ke bAhara bhI vibhinna eziyAI dezoM meM isakA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra ho rahA hai|" -ye vicAra prakhyAta bhASAzAstrI evaM samAlocaka DaoN0 nAmavara siMha jI ne kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa para 'zrI kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa' dvArA Ayojita akhila bhAratIya saMgoSThI meM vyakta kie, jo zrutapaMcamI mahAparva ke avasara para dinAMka 6-7 maI 2000 I0 ko sampanna huii| saMgoSThI ke udghATana satra' kI adhyakSatA karate hue zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha ke kulapati pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya ne aneka pramANoM ke sAtha yaha spaSTa kiyA ki "kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa prAkRtabhASA evaM saMskRta donoM kA sAmaMjasya sthApita karatA hai|" unhoMne batAyA ki hamArI saMskRti ke aise amUlya ratnoM ke prati pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne sadaiva eka naI dizA dI hai| ___ saMgoSThI meM apane maMgala-AzIrvacana meM AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne kahA ki kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa kevala prAcIna hone ke kAraNa hI mahAn nahIM hai, apitu lokopayogI hone ke kAraNa isakI vAstavika mahattA hai| saMskRta eka prAcIna sAhityika bhASA hai, ata: isake jJAna kA prasAra adhika se adhika logoM meM honA caahie| yaha kArya Aja taka kAtaMtra-vyAkaraNa ke pracAra se hI sambhava huA hai aura Age bhI hogaa| saMgoSThI meM kula cAra satroM meM 19 Alekha prastuta kiye gaye tathA 3 Alekha aise bhI Aye, jinake lekhaka aparihArya kAraNavaza isa saMgoSThI meM upasthita nahIM ho sake the, phira bhI unhoMne apane zodhapUrNa-Alekha preSita kiye the| aise lekhakoM meM pro0 ema0DI0 vasaMtarAja kA 'Katantra Vyakarana in the view of Jain tradition' zIrSaka Alekha, pro0 gaMgAdhara bhaTTa jayapura kA 'pANinIya-kAtantra-vyAkaraNayostulanAtmakamanuzIlanam' zIrSaka Alekha tathA DaoN0 (zrImatI) rAkA jaina lakhanaU kA kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA kAraNa vaiziSTya' zIrSaka Alekha the| 'udghATana-satra' -prAta:kAla 8.45 baje se 12.00 baje taka saMgoSThI ke udghATana satra' kI adhyakSatA svanAmadhanya vidvadvarya pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya, kulapati zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI ne kii| isa satra meM kula 3 zodha-Alekha par3he gaye aura una para vizada carcA huii| paThita AlekhoM ke prastotA vidvAn evaM Alekha-viSaya nimnAnusAra haiM :1. DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI, vArANasI : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI viSaya-vivecanA (zabdavidyAsaMkAyAdhyakSa, tibbatI saMsthAna sAranAtha) pddhti| 2. DaoN0 rAmasAgara mizra, lakhanaU : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI paramparA evaM (rIDara, kendriya saMskRta vidyApITha, lakhanaU) mhttv| 3. pro0 vRSabha prasAda jaina, lakhanaU : kAtantra para kucha vicaar| (pro0 ma0gA0 antarrASTrIya hindI vizvavidyAlaya) inameM DaoN0 jAnakIprasAda dvivedI kA Alekha apane viSaya-gAmbhIrya evaM pro. vRSabhaprasAda prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 40 105

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jaina kA Alekha prastuti kI vizeSatA ke kAraNa adhika carcita rahe / isa satra kA saMcAlana DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne kiyA / 'dvitIya satra' saMgoSThI ke 'dvitIya satra' kI adhyakSatA vidvadvarya pro0 satyaraMjana banarjI, kalakattA ne kii| isa satra meM kula 6 zodha - Alekha par3he gaye aura una para vizada carcA huii| paThita AlekhoM ke prastotA vidvAn evaM Alekha - viSaya nimnAnusAra haiM 1. pro0 premasumana jaina, udayapura - aparAhna 3.00 baje se 5.30 baje taka - (pro0 prAkRta vibhAga, udayapura vizvavidyAlaya ) 2. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina, naI dillI (pro0 saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ) 4. DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina, ArA (rIDara, lA0ba0zA0rA0saM0 vidyApITha, naI dillI) vaiziSTya / 3. pro0 gaMgAdhara paNDA, vArANasI -: ( nidezaka, koTA mukta vizvavidyAlaya) 2. DaoN0 udayacanda jaina, udayapura : kAtantra vyAkaraNa aura kathAtmaka tthy| ( rIDara, sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura) 3. pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina, ArA (pro0 saMpUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ) 4. pro0 ramezakumAra pANDeya, naI dillI (pro0 lA0ba0zA0rA0saM0 vidyApITha, naI dillI) 106 : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI mUla paramparA evaM ( pUrva pro0 magadha vizvavidyAlaya, ArA ) 5. DaoN0 prakAzacandra jaina, sAhibAbAda (pUrva prAcArya samantabhadra mahAvidyAlaya ) 6. DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI, naI dillI (zodha adhikArI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI) inameM pro0 premasumana jaina kA Alekha apane viSaya cayana evaM DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kA Alekha zodhAtmaka dRSTi kI vizeSatA evaM DaoN0 vidyAvatI jaina kA Alekha pANDulipiyoM kI . vyApaka jAnakArI kI dRSTi se adhika carcita rahe / isa satra kA saMcAlana pro0 ( DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina ne kiyA / : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI apUrvatA / 'tRtIya- sanna' - prAta: kAla 9.00 baje se 12.00 baje taka saMgoSThI ke 'tRtIya satra' kI adhyakSatA vidvadvarya evaM variSTha samAlocaka pro0 nAmavara siMha, naI dillI ne kii| isa satra meM kula 6 zodha - Alekha par3he gaye aura una para vizada carcA huii| paThita AlekhoM ke prastotA vidvAn evaM Alekha - viSaya nimnAnusAra haiN| 1. DaoN0 suSamA siMghavI, udayapura : : Katantra Vyakrana - The Style and Technical Terms : rAjasthAna ke zAstra - bhaNDAroM meM : kAtantra vyAkaraNa sambandhI kucha durlabha pANDulipiyA~ / zarvavarma praNIta kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM varNa-vicAra : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI prAcInatA / upalabdha kAtantra vyAraNa / adyAvadhi aprakAzita kAtantra - vistara paricayAtmaka adhyayana / : kAtantra kA nATyazAstra para prabhAva / prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000

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5. DaoN0 Ara0esa0 sainI, naI dillI : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA saMpAdana- anubhava / (sevAnivRtta rIDara, dillI vizvavidyAlaya) 6. pro0 dharmacandra jaina, kurukSetra : kAtantra vyAkaraNa aura usakI upAdeyatA / (pro0 kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya ) inameM DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina kA Alekha apane pratipAdya graMtha kI sUcanA evaM DaoN0 suSamA siMghavI kA Alekha viSaya- prastutIkaraNa dRSTi se adhika carcita rhe| isa satra kA saMcAlana pro0 premasumana jaina ne kiyA / * aparAhna 3.00 baje se 5.30 baje taka 'samApana satra' saMgoSThI ke 'samApana satra' kI adhyakSatA vidvavarya pro0 premasiMha, naI dillI ne kii| isa satra kula 3 zodha-Alekha par3he gaye aura una para vizada carcA huii| paThita AlekhoM ke prastotA vidvAn evaM Alekha - viSaya nimnAnusAra haiM 1. pro0 azvinI kumAra dAsa, naI dillI :-- (pro0 lA0ba0zA0rA0saM0 vidyApITha, naI dillI) 2. DaoN0 ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA tulanAtmaka vaiziSTya / : kAtantra vyAkaraNa : pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke Aloka meM / : kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA pAli - vyAkaraNoM para prabhAva / ( rIDara, kendriya saMskRta vidyApITha, lakhanaU ) inameM pro0 azvinI kumAra dAsa kA Alekha apane pratipAdya viSaya ke vaiziSTya evaM DaoN0 vijaya kumAra jaina kA Alekha tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI dRSTi se adhika carcita rhe| isa satra kA saMcAlana DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne kiyA / saMgoSThI ke anta meM saMyojaka DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ne sabhI vidvAnoM kI ora se nimnalikhita saMstutiyA~ sarvasammati se prastuta kIM (1) kundakunda bhAratI saMsthAna dvArA AgAmI do varSoM ke andara kAtantra - vyAkaraNa viSayaka eka vRhad rASTriya saMgoSThI kA Ayojana punaH kiyA jAne kA nizcaya vyakta kiyA / (2) zrI kundakunda bhAratI prAMgaNa meM zIghra hI nirmita karAye jAne vAle samrAT khAravela bhavana nAmaka pustakAlaya meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa viSaya svataMtra kakSa kI sthApanA kI jAya, jisameM deza-videza meM upalabdha sabhI kAtantra sambandhI pANDulipiyoM kI mUla athavA mAikrophilmiMga pratilipiyoM, prakAzita sAmagrI kI nyUnatama eka - eka prati kA saMgraha kiyA jAye / (3) kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke bahuAyAmI zodha paraka mUlyAMkana hetu eka 'kAtantra-pariSad' kI sthApanA kA saMkalpa vyakta kiyA gayA, jisakA uddezya kAtantra vyAkaraNa viSayaka bahuAyAmI zodha kArya kI rUparekhA banAnA evaM use kriyAnvita karake usakA prakAzana karAnA hogA / ( adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, jaina kaoNleja, bijanaura) 3. DaoN0 vijaya kumAra jaina, lakhanaU : (4) 'pANinIkAlIna bhAratavarSa' kI paddhati para 'kAtantrakAlIna bhArata' nAmaka eka bahUpayogI zodhaparaka grantha kI racanA kI jAye, jisameM bhAratIya itihAsa, saMskRti tathA usake prAkRtavidyAapraila-jUna '2000 107

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vividha aMgoM kA sasandarbha prakAzana ho| (5) pUrvokta kAtantra-vistara, durgavRtti dvayAzraya kAvya evaM prAkRta-mizrita bAlAvabodha TIkA kA sampAdana evaM prakAzana zIghra hI kiyA jaay| isa saMgoSThI meM dezabhara se Aye lagabhaga pacAsa kendriya vidyAlaya ke saMskRta adhyApakoM, sthAnIya zatAdhika saMskRta vidvAnoM, jijJAsu zodhachAtroM evaM samAja ke vyaktiyoM ne utsAhapUrvaka sahabhAgitA kii| isaprakAra yaha saMgoSThI atyaMta garimApUrvaka sampanna huii| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtabhASA vibhAga kI gauravapUrNa upalabdhiyA~ zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), naI dillI110016 meM navasthApita prAkRtabhASA vibhAga ne zata-pratizata parIkSA pariNAma hAsila karake apanI sArthakatA jJApita kI hai| vizeSa ullekhanIya bAta yaha bhI rahI hai ki isa zaikSaNika satra meM sampUrNa vizvavidyAlaya meM sarvazreSTha tInoM sthAna isI vibhAga ke chAtra-chAtrAoM ne prApta kiye haiN| vibhAga ke parIkSA pariNAma nimnAnusAra haiMAcArya dvitIya varSa - parIkSA pariNAma zata-pratizata prathama sthAna - zrImatI raMjanA jaina - 85.9% dvitIya sthAna - zrImatI amitA jaina 82.5% tRtIya sthAna - amita jaina 80.1% vizeSa ullekhanIya bAta yaha bhI rahI ki 11 chAtroM meM 7 varIyatA sUcI meM (75% se adhika), 3 chAtra prathamazreNI meM tathA 1 chAtra dvitIya zreNI meM uttIrNa huaa| AcArya prathama varSa - parIkSA-pariNAma zata-pratizata prathama sthAna - suzrI prIti agravAla - 74.4% prAkRta pramANapatrIya pAThyakrama - parIkSA pariNAma zata-pratizata prathama sthAna - (1) zrImatI biMdu jaina 96.5% (2) zrImatI mamatA jaina 96.5% dvitIya sthAna - zrImatI Rtu jaina 93% tRtIya sthAna - zrImatI saroja zrIvAstava 90% DiplomA pAThyakrama - parIkSA pariNAma zata-pratizata prathama sthAna - ku0 lInA jaina 91% dvitIya sthAna - zrImatI saritA jaina - 90% tRtIya sthAna - rajanIza zukla - 85% --saMpAdaka ** DaoN0 manoramA jaina ko badhAI pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI dvArA prakAzita evaM zrImatI DaoN0 manoramA jaina dvArA / / / / 00 108 prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000

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likhita 'paJcAdhyAyI meM pratipAdita jainadarzana' nAmaka zodha-prabandha para 'uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna' ne varSa 1998 kA pA~ca hajAra rupaye kA 'zramaNa puraskAra' pradAna kara zrImatI DaoN0 jaina kA sammAna kiyA hai / -arcanA agravAla, durgAkuMDa roDa, vArANasI ** patrAcAra pAThyakramoM meM praveza prArambha digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI dvArA 'patrAcAra apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama' kA navAM satra 1 janavarI, 2001 se Arambha kiyA jA rahA hai| 'patrAcAra jainadharma darzana evaM saMskRti sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama 2001 meM praveza' kA satra 1 janavarI, 2001 se 31 disambara, 2001 taka rahegA / -DaoN0 kamalacanda sogANI, zrImahAvIrajI, (rAja0 ) ** 'niyama sallekhanA' ke aMtargata saMstarArohaNa - vidhi ke sAtha samAdhimaraNa solApura sthita zrAvikA saMsthAnanagara kI saMcAlikA, viduSI padmazrI bra0 paMDitA sumatibAI zahA kI dvAdazavarSIya niyama- saMllekhanA ke aMtargata saMstarArohaNa - vidhi se ravivAra dinAMka 11.6.2000 dina subaha 7.53 baje vidhipUrvaka saMpanna huI / isa vidhi meM pUrva 3.6.2000 ke dina zrI bhaktAmara vidhAna paM0 mahAvIra zAstrI evaM bra0 revatIbena dozI ke mArgadarzana meM tathA AzramavAsI mahilAoM kI upasthiti meM saMpanna huaa| lagabhaga eka sAla se vRddhAvasthAvaza bistara meM asvastha hone para bhI acAnaka unhoMne jAgRta avasthA meM dizAbaMdhana, parigraha evaM vAhana - tyAga, sabhI prakAra ke anAjoM kA tyAga svayaM kiyA aura nAriyala jala lene kI chUTa rkhii| ye niyama kSu0 jayazrI mAtAjI kI upasthiti meM unhoMne dhAraNa kiye / kAyakSINatA - pratidina bar3hatI gayI; paraMtu apUrva zAMti evaM jAgRtatA sabhI ke lie Azcarya kA viSaya banI rahI / akhaMDa NamokAra maMtroccAra, stavanapATha, bhaktipATha, ityAdi ke pATha se vAtAvaraNa maMgalamaya evaM pavitra banA rahA aura sumatibenajI zahA kA samAdhimaraNa tA0 6.7.2000 ko rAtri 8.10 baje ho gayA / prAkRtabhASA ke lie samarpita vyaktitva kA viyoga prAkRtabhASA evaM jainadarzana ke lie samarpita vyaktitva zrI zAMtilAla vanamAlI zeTha kA dinAMka 11 julAI 2000 I0 ko sAMyakAla 7.00 baje dharmadhyAnapUrvakaM dehAvasAna ho gayA / Apa jIvanabhara prAkRtabhASA evaM jainadarzana ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie rASTrIya - antarrASTrIya stara para samarpita rahe / prAkRtavidyA parivAra kI ora se divaMgata AtmAoM ko bodhilAbha evaM sugatigamana kI kAmanA ke sAtha zraddhAsumana samarpita haiM / saMpAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI- 110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, pRthA oNphaseTsa prA0 li0, naI dillI- 110028 para mudrita / bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna 2000 109

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isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM 1. paM0 vAsudeva dvivedI zAstrI - Apa saMskRta - prAkRta bhASAoM ke prakAMDa vayovRddha vidvAn evaM samarpita zikSAvid haiM / jJAnanagarI vArANasI ko keMdra banAkara Apa vigata 60 varSoM se aharniza saMskRta-prAkRta ke pracAra meM saMlagna haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAkRtavidyA - prazastiH' nAmaka saMskRta kavitA ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / sthAyI patA - sArvabhauma saMskRta pracAra saMsthAna, vArANasI ( u0pra0) 2. DaoN0 rAjArAma jaina--Apa magadha vizvavidyAlaya meM prAkRta, apabhraMza ke 'prophesara' pada se sevAnivRtta hokara zrI kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna ke nidezaka' haiN| anekoM mahattvapUrNa granthoM, pAThyapustakoM evaM zodha - AlekhoM ke yazasvI lekhaka bhI haiN| isa aMka ke antargata prakAzita 'ikkIsavIM sadI : kAtantra- vyAkaraNa kA svarNayuga' evaM 'yazasvI- suta ke pAvana saMsmaraNa' nAmaka AlekhoM ke lekhaka Apa haiM / patrAcAra - patA -- mahAjana TolI naM0 2, ArA- 802301 ( bihAra ) 3. DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI -- Apa jainadarzana ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta-apabhraMza evaM hiMdI bhASAoM ke vizvavikhyAta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta lekhaka haiM / pacAsoM pustakeM evaM do sau se adhika zodha-nibaMdha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| saMprati Apa bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI meM kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AcArya kundakunda ke graMthoM kI bhASA' nAmaka lekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA - 243, zikSaka kAlonI, nImaca - 458441 ( ma0pra0) 4. DaoN0 jAnakI prasAda dvivedI --- varSa 1997 ke 'AcArya umAsvAmI puraskAra' se sammAnita DaoN0 dvivedI sAranAtha (vArANasI) sthita tibbatI zikSaNa saMsthAna' meM saMskRta ke upAcArya pada para kAryarata haiM / 'kAtaMtra - vyAkaraNa' ke saMbaMdha meM Apake dvArA kiyA gayA zodhakArya advitIya hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAkRta kA saMskRta se sAmaMjasya' nAmaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA-- esa0-19/134, e0sI0- 1, jadIda bAjAra, nadesara, vArANasI kaiNTa-2210021 5. DaoN0 dayAcandra sAhityAcArya -- saMskRta - sAhitya - jagat meM Apa eka mUrdhanya vidvAn ke rUpa meM jAne jAte haiM, tathA jainadarzana, itihAsa evaM saMskRti ke kSetra meM bhI ApakA vyApaka adhyayana hai| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kI mImAMsA' lekha ApakA hai| sthAyI patA - prAcArya, zrI gaNeza di0 jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, lakSmIpurA, morAjI, sAgara- 470002 ( ma0pra0 ) 6. anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha ---- Apa vayovRddha jainavidvAn evaM kavi haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita '2600vIM vIra jayaMtI' zIrSaka hindI kavitA Apake dvArA likhita hai / sthAyI patA - 769, godikoM kA rAstA, kizanapola bAz2Ara, jayapura-302003 ( rAja0 ) 00 110 prAkRtavidyA + apraila-jUna '2000

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7. DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina-samprati sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja0) meM prAkRta vibhAga meM upAcArya haiN| prAkRtabhASA evaM vyAkaraNa ke vizruta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta prAkRta kavi haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'samrATa azoka kI jainadRSTi' zIrSaka lekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta haiN| sthAyI patA--piUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura-313001 (rAja0) 8. DaoN0 (zrImatI) puSpalatA jaina--Apa hindI evaM apabhraMza bhASAoM kI viduSI haiN| nAgapura ke mahAvidyAlaya meM variSTha vyAkhyAtA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'adhyAtmasAdhaka bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa evaM unakA brahmavilAsa' zIrSaka lekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA--nyU eksaTeMzana eriyA, tukArAma cAla, sadara, nAgapura-440001 (mahA0) 9. DaoN0 lAlacanda jaina--Apa saMprati 'prAkRta zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI' meM kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'jaina vAGmaya meM droNagiri' Apake dvArA racita hai| sthAyI patA--prAkRta zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI-844128 (bihAra) 10. DaoN0 (zrImatI) mAyA jaina--Apa jainadarzana kI acchI viduSI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita bhASA kA svarUpa evaM vizleSaNa' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA-piUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura-313001 (rAja0) 11. DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM 'prAkRtabhASA vibhAga' meM upAcArya evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa haiN| tathA prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka bhI haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / prastuta patrikA ke 'mAnada sampAdaka' / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'sampAdakIya', ke atirikta prAkRtavidyA' ke varSa 10 evaM 11 ke aMkoM meM prakAzita lekhoM kA vivaraNa', Apake dvArA likhita haiN| sthAyI patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 12. jayacandra zarmA--Apa 'zrI saMgIta bhAratI' zodha vibhAga, bIkAnera (rAja0) meM nidezaka pada para kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'NamokAra maMtra kI jApasaMkhyA evaM paMcataMtrI vINI' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai ! patrAcAra patA--'zrI saMgIta bhAratI' zodha vibhAga, rAnI bAz2Ara, bIkAnera-334001 (rAja0) 13. zAradA pAThaka--isa aMka meM prakAzita 'RSi aura muni meM aMtara' zIrSaka TippaNI ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| 14.zrImatI raMjanA jaina--Apa prAkRtabhASA, jainadarzana evaM hindI sAhitya kI viduSI lekhikA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'jaina-saMskRti meM AhAra-zuddhi' Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI.patA--bI-32, chattarapura eksaTeMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI-110030 15. snehalatA jaina--Apa apabhraMza kI zodhachAtrA haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'mahAkavi svayaMbhUkRta paumacariu ke vidyAdhara kANDa meM vidyAdharoM kA deza bhArata' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai| sthAyI patA-14/35, ziprApatha, mAnasarovara, jayapura-302020 (rAja0) 16. dharmendra jaina--Apa jainadarzana evaM prAkRta ke zodha-chAtra haiM evaM sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya udayapura ke jainavidyA-prAkRta vibhAga' meM zodharata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'AcArya yativRSabha ke anusAra aMtarikSa-vijJAna evaM grahoM para jIvoM kI dhAraNA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA racita haiN| prAkRtavidyA apraila-jUna '2000 0 111

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'sarvAsveha hi zuddhAsu jAtiSu dvijsttmaaH| zaurasenI samAzritya bhASA kAvyeSu yojayet / / ' -(nATyazAstra) artha: he zreSTha brAhmaNo ! sabhI zuddha jAtivAle logoM ke lie zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA Azraya lekara hI kAvyoM meM bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahiye| zaurasenI prAkRta "zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra kRSNa-sampradAya kA kSetra rahA hai| isI prAkRtabhASA meM prAcIna AbhIroM ke gItoM kI madhura abhivyaMjanA huI, jinameM sarvatra kRSNa kathApuruSa rahe haiM aura yaha paramparA brajabhASA-kAvyakAla taka akSuNNarUpa se pravAhita hotI A rahI hai|" -DaoN0 surendranAtha dIkSita (bharata aura bhAratIya nATyakalA, pRSTha 75) "bhaktikAlIna hiMdI kAvya kI pramukha bhASA 'brajabhASA' hai| isake aneka kAraNa haiN| paramparA se yahA~ kI bolI zaurasenI madhyadeza' kI kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| brajabhASA Adhunika AryabhASAkAla meM usI zaurasenI kA rUpa thii| isameM sUradAsa jaise mahAn lokapriya kavi ne racanA kI aura vaha kRSNa-bhakti ke kendra 'braja' kI bolI thI, jisase yaha kRSNa-bhakti kI bhASA bana gii|" -vizvanAtha tripAThI (hiMdI sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 18) "mathurA jaina AcAryoM kI pravRttiyoM kA pramukha kendra rahA hai, ataeva unakI racanAoM meM zaurasenI-pramukhatA AnA svAbhAvika hai| zvetAMbarIya AgamagranthoM kI ardhamAgadhI aura digambarIya AgamagranthoM kI zaurasenI meM yahI baDA antara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'ardhamAgadhI' meM racita AgamoM meM ekarUpatA nahIM dekhI jAtI, jabakI 'zaurasenI' meM racitabhASA kI ekarUpatA samagrabhAva se dRSTigocara hotI hai|" -DaoN0jagadIzacaMdra jaina (prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pR0 30-31) "prAkRta boliyoM meM bolacAla kI bhASAyeM vyavahAra meM lAI jAtI hai, unameM sabase prathama sthAna zaurasenI kA hai| jaisA ki usakA nAma svayaM batAtA hai, isa prAkRta ke mUla meM zUrasena ke mUla meM bolI jAnevAlI bhASA hai| isa zUrasena kI rAjadhAnI mathurA thii| -Ara. pizala (kamperiTiva grAmara oNpha prAkRta laiMgveja, praveza 30-31) prAkRtabhASA ke prayoktA "mathurA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza 'zUrasena' nAma se prasiddha thA aura usa deza kI bhASA 'zaurasenI' kahalAtI thii| ukta ullekha se isa bhASA kI prAcInatA ariSTanemi se bhI pUrvavartI kAla taka pahu~catI hai|" - (maghavA zatAbdI mahotsava vyavasthA samiti, saradArazahara (rAja0) dvArA prakAzita saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa evaM koza kI paramparA' nAmaka pustaka se sAbhAra uddhRta)

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(bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89) "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm" -(tattvArthasUtra) "sudatitthaM dhammacakkapavaTTaNahedU" -(tiloyapaNNatti) "ahiMsA-pratiSThAyAM tatsannidhau vairtyaagH|" - (maharSi pataMjalikRta yogasUtra) Printed at PRITHA OFFSETS (P) LTD, Ph.: 5708654-55