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No. 5.)
ANBIL PLATES OF SUNDARA-CHOLA : THE 4TH YEAR.
51
Vikrama-Chola. Again, from the distinguishing appellation Mapavaņār, attached to the name of Paluvõttaraiyar, we may infer without fear of contradiction that the Kerala kings, like perhaps also the Cholas and the Pāņdyas, originally all belonged to the ancient stock of the Maravas of the Drāvida country and that they laid claim to kshatriya-hood only in later times; no sooner was kshatriya-hood desired by these kings than there came forward a number of panegyrists who found for them elaborate genealogies, connecting them with either the Solar or the Lunar races, who alone were eligible for the kirița-makuta and the fully ornamented simhasana,
Vira-Cola's son was, according to the Anbil grant, Ariñchiko. This name is the same as Ariñjaya, Arindama and Arikulakõsari of other inscriptions. It is stated in the Apbil plates that the daughter of a Vaidumba king was the queen of Ariñchika who bore him SundaraCho!a. This prince Sundara-Chola is called at the end of the Sanskrit portion of the document Parāntaka-Chola, and in the beginning of the Tamil portion Rājakesari-varman. The Vaidamba prince who gave his daughter in marriage to Ariñchika must be identified with the Sandaiyan defeated by Parantaka I.
So far we have noticed the reigns of Vijayalaya, his son Rājakõsari Aditya and his grandson, Parakësari-varman Vira-Chola. According to the rule laid down in the Leiden and the Tiruvāļangādu grants, that the names Rājakēsari-varman and Parakesari-varman most be borne alternately by the kings of the Chola dynasty, Ariñchika must become a Rājakēsari-varman, and his son Sandara-Chola a Parakësari-varian; but we see in all records that he is called Räjakësari-varman Parāntaka (11) or Sundara-Clo!a. Hence wo may infer that there must have intervened between Ariñchika and his son Sundara-Chola one or three kings; it is only so that there is the possibility of Sundara-Chola becoming a Rājakesari. varman,
We know that immediately after Vira-Chola's death his son Rājāditya succeeded to the throne and that two years after he lost his life in a battle with the Rāshtrakāta king Krishna III at Takkolam. Krishna III, who in his inscriptions in the Tamil country is always referred to as Kangara-deva who took Kachchi (Conjeevaram) and Tañjai (Tañchāpuri),' ruled over the Chola country perhaps till his death. During this period of foreign sway the Chola princes, Gandarāditya and Ariñchika, seem to have lived the life of vassals and were not crowned regularly as the suzerain lords of the Chola kingdom ; for we do not find any record in which Gándarāditya and Ariñchika are said to have ruled over the Choļa country, nor any belonging to their reign. But Mr. K. V. Subrahmanya Ayyar, in his article on the Tirukkaļittittai inscription of Sandara-Chola, seems to think that the defeat of Räjāditya at Takkolam must have taken place in the year A.D. 947-8, and that his father Vira-Chola
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