Anekant 2002 Book 55 Ank 01 to 04

Author(s): Jaikumar Jain
Publisher: Veer Seva Mandir Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/538055/1

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55/1 anekAnta OM +er for phila vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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| vIra sevA maMdira anekAnta | kA traimAsika anakAnta pravartaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM - kahA~/kyA? 1 zrI mahAvIra stavana | 2 kyA zubha bhAva jaina dharma nahI? AcArya pa jugalakizAra mugtAra 3 bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kuNDalapura eka vAstavika tathya - AryikA candanAmatI 4 pa zrI hIrAlAla siddhAnta zAstrI eva unakI sAhitya saparyA aruNa kumAra jaina varSa-55, kiraNa-1 janavarI-mArca 2002 sampAdaka : DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 261/3, paTela nagara mujaphpharanagara (u.pra.) phona : (0131) 603730 parAmarzadAtA : paM. padamacandra zAstrI sasthA kI AjIvana sadasyatA 1100/-- vArSika zulka 30/isa aka kA mUlya 10/sadasyo va maMdiro ke lie ni:zulka 12 5 bhagavAna RSabhadeva eva zramaNa parapaga mahattvapUrNa gaNitIya eva aitihAmika pakSa - DaoN abhaya prakAza jaina 35 | 43 ahimA kI vyAvahArikatA - DA zrayAma kumAra jaina 7 jaina AcAra darzana Arthika vyavasthA ke sandarbha meM - DaoN jinendra jaina 4 jaina vidvattA * hAsa yA vikAsa DaoN nandalAla jaina prakAzaka : 51 || bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavokaTa. mudraka : 61 | mAsTara prinTarsa-110032 vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAroM ka lie svatantra haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho| isameM prAya: vijJApana evaM samAcAra nahIM lie jaate| vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110002, dUrabhASa : 3250522 saMsthA ko dI gaI sahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80-jI ke aMtargata Ayakara me chUTa | (raji. Ara 10591/62)

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6934 zrI mahAvIra - stavana prazAntaM darzanaM yasya sarvabhUtA'bhayapradam / mAMgalyaM ca prazastaM ca zivastena vibhAvyate // jagatraikA yugapadakhilA'nantaviSayaM, yadetatpratyakSaM tava na ca bhavAn kasyacidapi / anenaivA'cintya-prakRti-rasa- siddhestu viduSAM samIkSyaitaddvAraM tavaguNa kathotkAvayamapi // nA'rthAn vivitsasi na vetsyasi nA, 'pyavetsIrna jJAtavAnasi na te'cyuta! vedyamasti / traikAlya- nitya-viSamaM yugapacca vizvaM pazyasyacintya - caritAya namo'stu tubhyam // dUrAmAptaM yadacintya - bhUtijJAnaMtvayA janmajarA'ntakartR / tenA'si lokAnabhibhUya sarvAnsarvajJa ! lokottamatAmupetaH // kriyAM ca saMjJAna-viyoga-niSphalAM kriyAvihInaM ca vibodhasaMpadam / nirasyatA klezasamUha - zAntaye tvayA zivAyA likhiteva paddhatiH / / ya eva SaDjIva - nikAya-vistaraH parairanAlIDha pathastvayoditaH / aneka sarvajJa-parIkSaNa kSamAstvayi prasAdodaya sotsavAH sthitAH // - siddhasenAcAryaH artha - jinakI prazAnta mUrti ke darzana mAtra se samasta prANI abhaya prApta karate haiM, vaha bhagavAn prazasta magalarUpa evaM kalyANamayI zobhAyamAna haiN| akhila vizva ke ananta viSaya aura unakI samasta paryAyeM jisake pratyakSa haiM, anya kisI ko nahIM, aura prakRti-rasa-siddhavidvAnoM ke lie bhI jo acintya hai, aise ukta sarvajJadvAra kI samIkSA karake maiM ApakA guNagAna karane ko utsuka huA huuN| vizva ke trikAlavartI samasta sAkAra-nirAkAra, vyakta-avyakta, sUkSma- sthUla, dRSTa- adRSTa, jJAta-ajJAta, vyavahita-avyavahita Adi padArtha apanI aneka ananta paryAyo sahita Apa ko yugapat pratyakSa haiM, he bhagavAn acyuta! Apako namaskAra ho ! he sarvAnsarvajJa ! kaThinAI se prApta hone vAlI acintya tattvajJAna dvArA Apane janma-jarA-mRtyu ko jIta kara loka ko abhibhUta kiyA aura lokottamatA prApta kI / he prabhu! Apake sanmArga meM samyagjJAnarahita kriyA ko tathA kriyAvihIna jJAna ko kleza samUha kI zAnti aura zivaprApti ke artha niSphala batAyA hai| he vIra jina ! cha : kAya ke jIvoM kA jo vistAra Apane pratipAdita kiyA hai, vaisA koI anya nahIM kara skaa| ataeva jo loga sarvajJatva kI parIkSA karane meM samartha haiM, ve bar3e prasanna citta se Apake bhakta bane haiN|

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kyA zubha bhAva jaina dharma nahIM? - AcArya paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra zrI kAnajI svAmI ne apane pravacana lekhameM AcArya kundakunda ke bhAvaprAbhRta kI gAthA ko uddhRta karake yaha batalAne kI ceSTA kI hai ki jinazAsana meM pUjAdika tathA vratoM ke anuSThAna ko 'dharma' nahIM kahA hai, kintu 'puNya' kahA hai, dharma dUsarI cIja hai aura vaha moha - kSobha se rahita AtmA kA pariNAma hai : prAkRta vidyA ke akTUbara-disambara 2001 ke aMka meM 'anekAnta' se sAbhAra uddhRta karate hue DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina kA eka lekha 'bhArata varSa kA eka prAcIna vizvavidyAlaya' prakAzita huA hai, etadartha prAkRta vidyA' ke sampAdaka ke prati aabhaar| sampAdaka mahodaya ne apekSA kI hai ki 'anekAnta ke prAcIna aMko meM prakAzita mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI kA punarprakAzana kreN| hama unheM sAdhuvAda dete hue unake isa satparAmarza para, isI aMka meM vIra sevA mandira ke saMsthApaka AcArya paM. zrI jugala kizora jI mukhtAra sAhaba kA eka lekha prakAzita kara rahe haiM, jo anekAnta varSa 13 kiraNa 1, julAI 1954 meM prakAzita huA thA, jo Aja bhI sAmayika hai| AzA hai, prAkRta vidyA ke vidvAn sampAdaka aura adhyetA - pAThakoM ko yaha lekha rucikara pratIta hogaa| zrI mukhtAra sAhaba ne navambara 1953 ( varSa 12 kiraNa 6 ) meM sampAdakIya Alekha 'samayasAra kI 15vIM gAthA aura zrI kAnajI svAmI' meM zrI kAnajI svAmI ke eka pravacana para TippaNI karate hue likhA hai- "sArA pravacana AdhyAtmika ekAnta kI ora DhalA hai, prAyaH ekAnta mithyAtva ko puSTa karatA hai aura jinazAsana ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM logoM ko gumarAha karane vAlA hai| Age isI kar3I meM anekAnta ke janavarI 1954 ( varSa 12 kiraNa 8 ) meM unhoMne niSkarSa rUpa meM likhA hai - "ataH kAnajI svAmI kA 'vItarAgatA hI jainadharma hai' ityAdi kathana kevala nizcayAvalambI ekAnta haiM, vyavahAranaya ke vaktavya kA virodhI hai, vacanAnaya ke doSa se dUSita hai aura jinazAsana ke sAtha usakI saMgati ThIka nahI baiThatI " -sampAdaka

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anekAnta/55/1 pUyAdisu vayasahiyaM puNNaM hi jiNehiM sAsaNe bhnniyN| mohakkhohavihINo pariNAmo appaNo dhmmo|| 83 // __isa gAthA meM pUjA-dAna-vratAdika ke dharmamaya hone kA koI niSedha nahIM, 'puNNaM' pada ke dvArA unheM puNya prasAdhaka dharma ke rUpa meM ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| dharma do prakArakA hotA hai- eka vaha jo zubha bhAvoM ke dvArA puNya kA prasAdhaka hai aura dUsarA vaha jo zuddha bhAvoM ke dvArA acche yA bure kisI bhI prakAra ke karmAsrava kA kAraNa nahIM hotaa| prastuta gAthA meM donoM prakAra ke dharmoM kA ullekha hai| yadi zrI kunda-kundAcAryakI dRSTi meM pUjA dAna vratAdika dharma kArya na hote to ve rayaNasAra kI nimna gAthA meM dAna tathA pUjA kI zrAvakoM kA mukhya dharma aura dhyAna tathA adhyayana ko muniyoM kA mukhya dharma na batalAtedANaM pUjAmukkhaM sAvayadhammo Na sAvago teNa viNA jhANAjjhayaNaM mukkhaM jaidhammo taM viNA sovi||11|| aura na cAritraprAbhUta kI nimnagAthA meM ahiMsAdivratoM ke anuSThAnarUpa saMyamAcaraNa ko zrAvaka dharma tathA munidharma kA nAma hI dete evaM sAvayadhamma saMjamacaraNaM udesiyaM sylN| suddhaM saMjamacaraNaM jaidharma NikkalaM vocche||26|| unhoMne to cAritraprAbhRta ke anta meM samyaktva-sahita ina donoM dharmoM kA phala apanarbhava (mukta-siddha) honA likhA hai| taba ve dAna-pUjA-vratAdika ko dharma kI koTi se alaga kaise rakha sakate haiM? yaha sahaja hI samajhA jA sakatA svAmI samantabhadra ne apane samIcIna dharmazAstra (ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra) meM "sadRSTi-jJAna-vRttAni dharma dharmezvarA viduH' isa vAkya ke dvArA samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyakcAritra ko vaha samIcIna dharma btlaayaa| jise dharma ke Izvara tIrthakarAdikoM ne nirdiSTa kiyA hai, usa dharma kI vyAkhyA karate hue samyakcAritra ke varNanameM 'vaiyAvRttya' ko zikSAvratoM meM antarbhUta dharma kA eka aMga batalAyA hai, jisameM dAna tathA saMyamiyoM kI anya saba sevA aura deva-pUjA ye tInoM zamila haiM; jaisA ki ukta grantha ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai:

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anekAnta/55/1 yahAM para maiM itanA aura bhI batalA denA cAhatA hU~ ki zrI kundakundAcArya ne zuddhopayogI tathA zubhopayogI donoM prakAra ke zramaNoM (muniyoM) ko jaina-dharma-sammata mAnA hai| jinameM se eka anAsravI aura dUsarA sAmravI hotA hai, arhantAdi meM bhakti aura pravacanAbhiyuktoM meM vatsalatA ko muniyoM kI zubhacaryA batalAyA hai; zuddhopayogI zramaNoM ke prati vandana, namaskaraNa, abhyutthAna aura anugamana dvArA Adara-satkAra kI pravRtti ko, jo saba zuddhAtmavRtti ke saMtrANa kI nimitta-bhUta hotI hai sarAgacAritra kI dazA meM muniyoM kI caryA meM samyagdarzana-jJAna ke upadeza, ziSyoM ke grahaNa-poSaNa aura jinendra pUjA ke upadeza ko bhI vihita batalAyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI batalAyA hai ki jo muni kAya-virAdhanA se rahita huA nitya hI cAturvarNya zramaNa saMgha kA upakAra karatA hai vaha pradhAnatA ko lie hue zramaNa hotA hai, parantu vaiyAvRttya meM udyamI huA muni yadi kAya-kheda ko dhAraNa karatA hai to vaha zramaNa nahIM rahatA, kintu gRhastha (zrAvaka) bana jAtA hai; kyoMki usa rUpa meM vaiyAvRttya karanA zrAvakoM kA dharma hai; jaisA ki pravacanasAra kI nimna gAthAoM se prakaTa hai: samaNa suddhavajuttA ya hoMti smymhi| tesu vi suddhamajuttA aNAsavA sAsavA sesaa||3-45|| arahaMtAdisu bhattI vacchaladA pvynnaabhijuttesu| vijjadi jadi sAmaNNe sA suhajuttA bhave criyaa||46|| vaMdaNa-NamaMsarehiM abbhutttthaannaannugmnnpddivttii| samaNesu samAvaNa o Na NididA raaycriymhi||47|| daMsaNa-NANuvadeso sissaggahaNaM ca posaNaM tesiN| cariyA hi sarAgANaM jiNiMdapUjovadeso y|| 48 // uvakuNadi jo vi NiccaM cAduvvaNNassa samaNasaMghassa kAyavirAdhaNarahiMdaM so vi sarAgappadhANo so||49|| jadi kuNadi kAyakhedaM vejjAvijjatthamujjado smnno| Na havadi, havadi agArI dhammo so sAvayANaM se||50|| zrI kundakundAcArya ke ina vacanoM se spaSTa hai ki jaina-dharma yA jinazAsana se zubha bhAvoM ko alaga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura na muniyoM tathA zrAvakoM -45 //

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anekAnta/55/1 ke sarAgacAritra ko hI usase pRthak kiyA jA sakatA hai| ye saba usake aMga haiM, aMgoM se hIna aMgI adhUrA yA leDUrA hotA hai, taba kAnajI svAmI kA ukta kathana jinazAsana ke dRSTikoNa se kitanA bahirbhUta evaM viruddha hai use batalAne kI jarUrata nahIM rhtii| kheda hai unhoMne pUjA-dAna-vratAdika ke zubha bhAvoM ke dharma mAnane tathA pratipAdana karane vAloM ko "laukikajana" tathA "anyamatI" to kaha DAlA, parantu yaha batalAne kI kRpA nahIM kI ki unake usa kahane kA kyA AdhAra hai-kisane kahAM para vaisA mAnane tathA pratipAdana karane vAloM ko "laukika jana" Adi ke rUpa meM ullekhita kiyA hai? jahAM taka mujhe mAlUma hai aisA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai| AcArya kundakunda ne apane pravacanasAra meM 'laukikajana' kA jo lakSaNa diyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai: NiggaMtho pavvaido vadRdi jadi ehigohaM kmmehi| so logigo tti bhaNido saMjama-tava-saMjudo caavi|3-69 isameM AcArya jayasena kI TIkAnusAra, yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki- 'jo vastrAdi parigraha kA tyAgakara nirgrantha bana gayA aura dIkSA lekara pravrajita ho gayA hai aisA muni yadi aihika kAryoM meM pravRtta hotA hai arthAt bhedAbhedarUpa ratnatrayabhAva ke nAzaka khyAti-pUjA-lAbha ke nimittabhUta jyotiSa-maMtravAda aura vaidyakAdi jaise jIvanopAya ke laukika karma karatA hai, to vaha tapa-saMyama se yukta huA bhI 'laukika' (duniyAdAra) kahA gayA hai| isa lakSaNa ke antargata ve AcArya tathA vidvAn kadApi nahIM Ate jo pUjA-dAna-vratAdi ke zubha bhAvoM ko 'dharma' batalAte haiN| taba kAnajI mahArAja ne unheM 'laukika jana' hI nahIM, kintu 'anyamatI' taka batalAkara jo unake prati gurutara aparAdha kiyA hai| usakA prAyazcita unheM svayaM karanA caahie| aise vacanA'naya ke doSa se dUSita nirargala vacana kabhI-kabhI mArga ko bahuta bar3I hAni pahu~cAne ke kAraNa bana jAte hai| zuddhabhAva yadi sAdhya hai to zubhabhAva usakI prApti kA mArga hai-sAdhana hai| sAdhana ke binA sAdhya kI prApti nahIM hotI, phira sAdhana kI avahelanA kaisI? sAdhanarUpa mArga hI jaina tIrthaMkaroM kA tIrtha hai, dharma hai, aura usa mArga kA nirmANa vyavahAranaya karatA hai| zubhabhAvoM ke abhAva meM athavA usa mArga ke kaTajAne para koI zuddhatva ko prApta nahIM hotaa|

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anekAnta/55/1 zaddhAtmA ke gIta gAye jAyeM aura zuddhAtmA taka pahu~cane kA mArga apane pAsa ho nahIM, taba una gItoM se kyA natIjA? zubhabhAvarUpa mArga kA utthApana sacamuca meM jainazAsana kA utthApana hai aura jaina tIrtha ke lopa kI ora kadama bar3hAnA hai-bhale hI vaha kaisI bhI bhUla, galatI ajAnakArI yA nAsamajhI kA pariNAma kyoM na ho? ___ zubha meM aTakane se Darane kI bhI bAta nahIM hai| yadi koI zubha meM aTakA rahegA to zuddhatva ke nikaTa to rahegA-anyathA zubha ke kinArA karane para to idhara-udhara azubha rAga tathA dveSAdika meM bhaTakanA par3egA aura phalasvarUpa aneka durgatiyoM meM jAnA hogaa| isIse zrI pUjyapAdAcArya ne iSTopadeza meM ThIka kahA hai: varaM vrataiH padaM daivaM nA'vratairbata naarkm| chAyA''tapasthayorbhedaH prtipaalytormhaan||3|| arthAt-vratAdi zubha rAga-janita puNyakarmoM ke anuSThAna dvArA devapada (svarga) kA prApta karanA acchA hai, na ki hiMsAdi avratarUpa pApakarmo ko karake narakapada ko prApta krnaa| donoM meM bahuta bar3A antara una do pathikoM ke samAna hai jinameM se eka chAyA meM sthita hokara sukhapUrvaka apane sAthI kI pratIkSA kara rahA hai aura dUsarA vaha jo teja dhUpa meM khar3A huA apane sAthI kI bATa dekha rahA hai aura Atapajanita kaSTa uThA rahA hai| sAthI kA abhiprAya yahA~ usa sudravya-kSetra-kAla bhAvakI sAmagrI se hai jo mukti kI prApti meM sahAyaka athavA nimittabhUta hotI hai| zrI kundakundAcArya ne bhI isI bAta ko mokkhapAhuDa kI 'vara vaya-tavehi saggo' ityAdi gAthA naM. 25 meM nirdiSTa kiyA hai| phira zubha meM aTakane se Darane kI aisI kauna sI bAta hai jisakI cintA kAnajI mahArAja ko satAtI hai, khAsakara usa hAlata meM jaba ki ve niyativAda ke siddhAnta ko mAna rahe haiM aura yaha pratipAdana kara rahe haiM ki jisa dravya kI jo paryAya jisa krama se jisa samaya hone ko hai vaha usa krama se usI samaya hogI usameM kisI bhI nimitta se koI parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| aisI sthiti meM zubhabhAvoM ko adharma batalAkara unakI miTAne athavA chuDAne kA upadeza denA bhI vyartha kA prayAsa jAna par3atA hai| aisA karake ve ulaTA azubha-rAga-dveSAdikI pravRttikA mArga sApha

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anekAnta/55/1 kara rahe haiM; kyoMki zuddha bhAva chadmAsthAvasthA meM sadA sthira nahIM rahatA kucha kSaNa meM usake samApta hote hI dUsarA bhAva AegA, vaha bhAva yadi dharma kI mAnyatA ke nikala jAne se zubha nahIM hogA to logoM ko anAdikAlIna kusaMskAroM ke vaza azubha meM hI pravRtta honA pdd'egaa| ___ aba yahA~ eka prazna aura paidA hotA hai vaha yaha ki jaba kAnajI mahArAja pUjAdi ke zubha rAga ko dharma nahIM mAnate taba ve mandira mUrtiyoM tathA mAnastambhAdi ke nirmANa meM aura unakI pUjA-pratiSThA ke vidhAna meM yoga kyoM dete haiM? kyA unakA yaha yogadAna una kAryo ko adharma evaM ahitakara mAnate hae kisI majabUrI ke vazava" hai? yA tamAzA dekhane-dikhalAne kI kisI bhAvanA se logoM ko apanI ora AkarSita karake unameM apane kisI mata-vizeSa ke pracAra karane kI dRSTi prerita hai? yaha saba eka samasyA hai, jisakA unake dvArA zIghra hI hala hone kI bar3I jarUrata hai| jisase unakI kathanI aura karanI meM jo spaSTa antara pAyA jAtA hai usakA sAmaMjasya kisI taraha biThalAyA jA ske| upasaMhAra aura cetAvanI kAnajI mahArAja ke pravacana barAbara ekAnta kI ora Dhale cale jA rahe hai aura isame aneka vidvAnoM kA Apake viSaya meM aba yaha khayAla ho calA hai ki Apa vAstava meM kundakundAcArya ko nahIM mAnate aura na svAmI samantabhadra jaise dUsare mahAn jaina AcAryoM ko hI vastuta: mAnya karate haiM, kyoMki unameM se koI bhI AcArya nizcaya tathA vyavahAra donoM meM se kisI eka hI naya ke ekAnta pakSapAtI nahIM hue haiM; balki donoM nayoMko paraspara sAkSepa, avinAbhAva sambandhako liye hue eka dUsare ke mitra-rUpa meM mAnate tathA pratipAdana karate Aye haiM jaba ki kAnajI mahArAja kI nIti kucha dUsarI hI jAna par3atI hai| ve apane pravacanoM meM nizcaya athavA dravyArthikanaya ke itane ekAnta pakSapAtI bana jAte haiM ki dUsare naya ke vaktavya kA virodha taka kara baiThate haiM-use zatru ke vaktavyarUpa meM citrita karate hue 'adharma' taka kahane ke lie utArU ho jAte haiN| yaha virodha hI unakI sarvathA ekAntatA ko lakSita karAtA hai aura unheM zrI kundakunda tathA svAmI samantabhadra jaise mahAn AcAryoM ke upAsakoM kI koTi se nikAla kara alaga karatA hai athavA unake vaisA hone meM sandeha utpanna karatA

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anekAnta/55/1 hai aura isIlie unakA apanI kArya-siddhi ke lie kundakundAdi kI duhAI denA prAyaH vaisA hI samajhA jAne lagA hai jaisA ki kAMgresa sarakAra gAMdhIjI ke viSaya meM kara rahI hai- vaha jagaha-jagaha gAMdhIjI kI duhAI dekara aura unakA nAma le-lekara apanA kAma to nikAlatI hai parantu gAMdhIjI ke siddhAntoM vastutaH mAna detI huI naz2ara nahIM aatii| kAnajI svAmI aura unake anuyAyiyoM kI pravRttiyoM ko dekha kara kucha logoM ko yaha bhI AzaMkA hone lagI hai ki kahIM jaina samAja meM yaha cauthA sampradAya to kAyama hone nahIM jA rahA hai, jo digambara, zvetAmbara aura sthAnakavAsI sampradAyoM kI kucha-kucha UparI bAtoM ko lekara tInoM ke mUla me hI kuThArAghAta karegA aura unheM AdhyAtmikatA ke ekAnta garta meM dhakela kara ekAnta mithyAdRSTi banAne meM yatnazIla hogA; zrAvaka tathA munidharma ke rUpa meM saccAritra evaM zubha bhAvoM kA utthApana kara logoM ko kevala 'AtmArthI' banAne kI ceSTA meM saMlagna rahegA; usake dvArA zuddhAtmAke gIta to gAye jAyaMge parantu zuddhAtmA taka pahu~cane kA mArga pAsa meM na hone se loga "ito bhraSTAstato bhraSTAH' kI dazA ko prApta hoMge; unheM anAcAra kA Dara nahIM rahegA, ve samajheMge ki jaba AtmA ekAntataH abaddha spRSTa hai- sarva prakAra ke karma-bandhanoM se rahita zuddha-buddha hai aura usa para vastutaH kisI bhI karma kA koI asara nahI hotA, taba bandhana se chUTane tathA mukti prApta karane kA yala bhI kaisA? aura pApakarma jaba AtmAkA kucha bhI bigAr3a nahIM kara sakate taba unameM pravRtta hone kA bhaya bhI kaisA? pApa aura puNya donoM samAna, donoM hI adharma, taba puNya jaise kaSTa-sAdhya kArya meM kauna pravRtta honA cAhegA? isa taraha yaha cauthA sampradAya kisI samaya pichale tInoM sampradAyoM kA hita-zatru bana kara bhArI saMgharSa utpatra karegA aura jaina samAja kI vaha hAni pahu~cAegA jo aba taka tInoM sampradAyoM ke saMgharSa-dvArA nahIM pahu~ca sakI hai; kyoMki tIno meM prAya: kucha UparI bAtoM meM hI saMgharSa hai- bhItarI siddhAnta kI bAtoM meM nhiiN| isa cauthe sampradAya ke dvArA to jina zAsana kA mUla rUpa hI parivartita ho jAyagA-vaha anekAnta ke rUpa meM na raha kara AdhyAtmika ekAntakA rUpa dhAraNa karane ke liye bAdhya hogaa| yadi yaha AzaMkA ThIka huI to niHsandeha bhArI ciMtA kA viSaya hai aura

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anekAnta/55/1 isalie kAnajI svAmI ko apanI pojIzana aura bhI spaSTa kara dene kI jarUrata hai| jahA~ taka maiM samajhatA hU~ kAnajI mahArAja kA aisA koI abhiprAya nahIM hogA jo ukta cauthe jaina sampradAya ke janma kA kAraNa ho, parantu unakI pravacana-zailIkA jo rukha cala rahA hai aura unake anuyAyiyoM kI jo mizanarI pravRttiyA~ Arambha ho gaI haiM aura na bhaviSya meM vaisI sampradAya kI sRSTi ko hI asvAbhAvika kahA jA sakatA hai| ata: kAnajI mahArAja kI icchA yadi sacamuca cauthe sampradAya ko janma dene kI nahIM hai, to unheM apane pravacanoM ke viSaya meM bahuta hI satarka evaM sAvadhAna hone kI jarUrata hai- unheM kevala vacanoM dvArA apanI pojIzana ko spaSTa karane kI hI jarUrata nahIM hai, balki vyavahArAdi ke dvArA / aisA sudar3ha prayatna karane kI bhI jarUrata hai jisase unake nimitta ko pAkara vaisA caturtha sampradAya bhaviSya meM khar3A na hone pAve, sAtha hI loka-hRdaya meM jo AzaMkA utpana huI hai vaha dUra ho jAya aura jina vidvAnoM kA vicAra unake viSaya meM kucha dUsarA ho calA hai vaha bhI badala jaae| __ AzA hai apane eka pravacana ke kucha aMzo para sadbhAvanAko lekara likhe gaye isa AlocanAtmaka lekha para kAnajI mahArAja vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna dene kI kRpA kareMge aura usake satphala unake spaSTIkaraNAtmaka vaktavya evaM pravacana-zailI kI samucita tabdIlI ke rUpa meM zIghra hI dRSTigocara hogaa| samanvaya vANI-pharavarI 2002 meM prakAzita samAcAra ki devalAlI meM mumukSa maNDala kI baiThaka meM nirNaya liyA gayA ki kahAna pathI mumukSa samAja meM ekatA sthApita kara digambara jaina samAja se samanvaya karane ke lie eka samiti kA gaThana kiyA jaay| isase spaSTa huA ki mumukSa maNDaloM meM mata bheda hai tathA ve svayaM ko digambara jaina samAja se pRthaka mAnate hue aba digambara jaina samAja se samanvaya karane ke lie prayatnazIla haiN| unake ukta nirNaya se dhvanita hotA hai ki AcArya paM. jugala kizora jI mukhtAra ne arddhazati pUrva jo zaMkA vyakta kI thI ki "kahIM yaha cauthA sampradAya to kAyama hone nahIM jA rahA hai" vaha zata pratizata yathArtha thii|

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* vicAraNIya bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kuNDapura eka vAstavika tathya - AryikA candanAmatI isa yuga ke prathama tIrthakara bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI tIrthakara paramparA meM antima caubIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janmajayantI mahotsava ke sandarbha meM prAcIna jainasiddhAnta evaM purANagranthoM ke anusAra mahAvIra svAmI kA zodhapUrNa vAstavika paricaya yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai__ lagabhaga do hajAra varSapUrva zrIyativRSabhaAcArya dvArA racita "tiloyapaNNatti" grantha meM varNana AyA hai ki siddhattharApiyakAriNIhiM, Nayarammi kuMDale viiro| uttaraphagguNirikkhe, cittasiyAterasIe uppnnnno|549|| pR. 210 arthAt bhagavAna mahAvIra kuNDalapura jilA nAlandA (bihAra, pradeza) meM pitA siddhArtha aura mAtA priyakAriNI se caitrazuklA trayodazI ke dina uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra meM utpanna hue| SaTkhaNDAgama ke caturtha khaNDa evaM navamI pustaka kI TIkA meM zrIvIrasenAcArya ne bhI kahA hai ki"ASADha joNNa pakkha chaTThIe kuNDalapura NagarAhiva NAhavaMza siddhatthaM Narindassa tisilA devIe gabbhamAgaMtaNesu tattha aTThAdivasAhiya NavamAse acchima caitta sukkha pakkha terasIe uttarAphagguNI gabbhAdo nnikkhNto|" vartamAna samaya se 2599 varSa pUrva bihAra prAnta ke nAlandA jile meM sthita "kuNDalapura" nagara meM jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra ne janma liyA to janma se 15 mahIne pUrva se hI mAtA trizalA ke A~gana meM ratnavRSTi huI thii| isa ratnavRSTi ke viSaya meM "uttarapurANa" nAmaka ArSagrantha meM zrIguNabhadrasUri kahate haiM

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anekAnta/55/1 13 tasmin ssnnmaasshessaayussyaanaakaadaagmissyti| bharatesmin videhAkhye, viSaye bhvnaaNgnne||259|| rAjJaH kuMDapurezasya, vasudhArApa ttpRthu| saptakoTImaNIH sArdhAH, siddhArthasya dinaM prti||252|| ASADhe site pakSe................(uttarapurANa, parva 74) - jaba acyuta svarga meM usakI Ayu chaha mahIne kI raha gaI aura vaha svarga se avatAra lene ke sammukha huA usa samaya isI bharatakSetra me videha nAmaka deza meM "kuNDalapura" nagara ke rAjA siddhArtha ke ghara pratidina sAr3he tIna karor3a maNiyoM kI bhArI varSA hone lgii| harivaMzapurANa meM bhI zrIjinasenAcArya ne dvitIya sarga me zloka naM. 5 se 24 taka mahAvIra svAmI ke garbhakalyANaka kA prakaraNa likhate hue kuNDalapura nagarI kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai tathA usa nagarI kI mahimA mahAvIra ke janma se hI sArthaka batAte hue kahA hai ki etAvataiva paryAptaM, purasya gunnvrnnnm| svargAvataraNe tadyadvIrasyAdhAratAM gtm||12|| _(harivaMzapurANa, bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita) artha - isa kuNDalapura nagara ke guNoM kA varNana to itane se hI paryApta ho jAtA hai ki vaha nagara svarga se avatAra lete samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra kA AdhAra banI - bhagavAna mahAvIra vahA~ svarga se Akara avatIrNa hue| yahA~ videha deza ke varNana se pUrA vihAraprAnta mAnA gayA hai| usake andara eka vizAla (99 mIla kA) nagara thA jaise .. mAlavAdeza meM "ujjayanI" nagarI, kauzaladeza meM "ayodhyA'" nagarI, vatsadeza meM "kauzAmbI" nagarI, Adi ke varNana se bar3e-bar3e jiloM evaM prAntoM ke andara rAjadhAnI ke rUpa meM bhagavantoM kI janmanagariyA~ samajhanI cAhie na ki Aja ke samAna choTe se grAma ko tIrthakara kI janmabhUmi kahanA caahie| mahAkavi zrIpuSpadanta viracita "vIrajiNiMdacariu" (bhAratIya jJAnapITha se sana 1974 meM prakAzita) ke pRSTha 11-12-13 para apabhraMza bhASA meM varNana AyA hai ki -

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anekAnta/55/1 iha jaMbudivi bhrhNtraali| ramaNIya visai sohA visaali|| kuMDauri rAu siddhattha shiu| jo siriharu maggaNa vesa rhiu|| ina padyoM kA hindI anuvAda karate hue DaoN. hIrAlAla ne likhA hai ki jaba mahAvIra svAmI kA jIva svarga se cyuta hokara madhyaloka meM Ane vAlA thA taba saudharma indra ne jagata kalyANa kI kAmanA se prerita hokara kubera se kahA isa jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM vizAla zobhAdhArI videha pradeza meM kuNDapura nagara ke rAjA siddhArtha rAjya karate haiM.... aise una rAjA siddhArtha kI rAnI priyakAriNI ke zubha lakSaNoM se yukta putra caubIsavA~ tIrthakara hogA jisake caraNoM meM indra bhI namana kreNge| ataeva he kubera! ina donoM ke nivAsa bhavana ko svarNamayI, kAntimAn va devoM kI lakSmI ke vilAsayogya banA do| indra kI AjJA se kubera ne kuNDapura ko aisA hI sundara banA diyaa| isI prakaraNa meM Age dekheM pahupaMgaNi tetthu vaMdiya carama jinniNdeN| chammAsa viraiya rayaNaviTThi jkkhiNdeN|||7|| arthAt aise usa rAjabhavana ke prAMgaNa meM aMtima tIrthakara kI vandanA karane vAle usa yakSoM ke rAjA kubera ne chaha mAsa taka ratnoM kI vRSTi kii| mANikyacandra jaina bI. e. khaMDavA nivAsI ne san 1908 meM likhI gaI apanI pustaka LIFE OF MAHAVIRA (mahAvIra caritra) meM kuNDalapura ke viSaya meM nimna niSkarSa die hai1 The Description of the magnificence of his palace, the ceremonious rejoicings with which the birth of Mahavira was celebrated and the grandevr and pomp of his court, make us believe that Siddhartha was a powerful monarch of his time and his metropolis, Kundalpura, a big populour city [Pg 14-15] "mahArAjA siddhArtha ke mahala kI bhavyatA, mahAvIra ke janma para manAI gaI khuziyA~ evaM unake rAjadarabAra ke vaibhava kA varNana hameM isa tathya ke lie

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anekAnta/55/1 vizvasta kara dete haiM ki siddhArtha apane samaya ke zaktizAlI rAjA the aura unakA mahAnagara "kuNDalapura" eka bar3A ghanI janasaMkhyA vAlA nagara thaa| (pR. 14-15) 2 As to the birthplace of Mahavira; it is probable but not certain, as Dr Hoernle suggests; that the Jaina tradition which represents Kundalpura as a large town may be correct, in as much as Kundalpura is taken as equivalent to Vesali (Sanscrit Vaishali] He puts his birthplace at Kollaga; another sub of Vesali... ___ uparyukta kathana ke dvArA lekhaka zrImANikyacandrajI ne eka videzI vidvAn ke dvArA vaizAlI ke eka sthAna "kolAgA" ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janmasthAna kahane para apanA tarka prastuta kiyA hai ki "kolAgA" ko mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnanA bilkula anAvazyaka evaM nirAdhAra hai kyoMki "kuNDalapura" unakA janmasthAna nirvivAdita satya hai jaisAki unhIM ke zabdoM meM dekheM Both the Digambaras and Shvetambaras assert that Kundalpura was the place where He was born [Page 17] arthAt digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI ekamata se kuNDalapura ko hI mahAvIra svAmI kI janmabhUmi mAnate haiN| unhoMne apanI isI pustaka meM "mahAvIrapurANa'' kA sandarbha dete hue kuNDalapura ko eka bar3e zahara ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai arthAt kuNDalapura zahara eka bar3I rAjadhAnI ke rUpa meM sarvatomukhI mAnyatA kA kendra rahA hai kyoMki rAjA ceTaka apanI putrI trizalA jaisI tIrthakara janmadAtrI kanyA kA vivAha kisI choTe-moTe jamIMdAra se to kara nahIM dete balki apane samAna athavA apane se bhI uccastarIya rAjagharAne meM hI krte| isI bAta ko LIFE OF MAHAVIRA meM batAyA hai All these remarks go to show that Siddhartha; if not a powerful monarch; exercised; at least; a kingly authority; of not more to that of Chetaka. [Page 16]

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16 anekAnta/55/1 ye katipaya pramANa yahA~ mahAvIra kI. janmabhUmi kuNDalapura se sambandhita die gae haiM aba mahAvIra ke nanihAla "vaizAlI" ke viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta kIjie1. vIrajiNiMdacariu grantha kI pA~cavI sandhi (pR. 60) meM zrIpuSpadaMta mahAkavi kahate haiM ki rAjA zreNika ne samavasaraNa meM gautama gaNadhara se pUchA ki he bhagavana! mujhe usa AryikA candanA kA caritra sunAie jisake zarIra meM candana kI sugandha hai tathA jisane mithyAtvarUpI andhakAra ko dUra kara diyA hai| rAjA ke isa prazna ko sunakara gautamasvAmI ne kahA ki he zreNika! mai candanA kA vRttAMta kahatA hU~ so suno-- sindhu-visai visaalii-purvri| ghr-siri-ohaamiy-sur-vr-ghri|| ceDara NAma Naresaru nnivsi| devi akhudda suhadda mhaasii|| arthAt sindhaviSaya (nadI pradhAna videha nAmaka pradeza) meM vaizAlI nAmaka nagara hai jahA~ ke ghara apanI zobhA se devoM ke vimAnoM kI zobhA ko bhI jItate haiN| usa nagara meM ceTaka nAmaka narezvara nivAsa karate haiN| unakI mahArAnI mahAsatI subhadrA se unake dhanadatta, dhanabhadra, upendra, zivadatta, haridatta, kamboja, kampana, prayaMga, prabhaMjana aura prabhAsa nAmaka dasa putra utpanna hue! unakI atyanta rUpavatI putriyA~ bhI huI, jinake nAma haiM-priyakAriNI, mRgAvatI. suprabhAdevI, prabhAvatI, celinI, jyeSThA aura cndnaa| inameM se priyakAriNI (trizalA) kA vivAha zreSTha nAthavaMzI kuNDalapura nareza siddhArtha ke sAtha kara diyA gyaa| isI prakAra uttarapurANa ke 75vaM parva meM varNana AyA hai siMdhvAkhye viSaye bhUbhRdvaizAlI ngrebhvt| ceTakAkhyotivikhyAto vinItaH prmaarhtH||3|| isa grantha meM bhI rAjA ceTaka ke daza putra evaM sAta putriyoM kA kathana karate hue granthakAra ne kuNDalapura ke rAjA siddhArtha kA varNana kiyA hai| uparyukta pramANoM se sahaja samajhA jA sakatA hai ki vihAra prAnta meM

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anekAnta/55/1 kuNDalapura aura vaizAlI donoM alaga-alaga rAjAoM ke alaga-alaga nagara the tathA kuNDalapura ke rAjA siddhArtha evaM vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka kA apanA-apanA vizeSa astitva thaa| ataH eka-dUsare ke astitva ko kisI kI pradeza sImA meM garbhita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| kucha vyAvahArika tathya1. kisI bhI kanyA kA vivAha ho jAne para usakA vAstavika paricaya sasurAla se hotA hai na ki mAyake (pIhara) se| 2. usakI santAnoM kA janma bhI sasurAla meM hI hotA hai| hA~! yadi sasurAla me koI vizeSa asuvidhA ho yA santAna kA janma vahA~ zubha na hotA ho tabhI use pIhara meM jAkara santAna ko janma denA par3atA hai| 3. putra kA vaMza to pitA ke nAma evaM nagara se hI calatA hai na ki nAnA-mAmA ke vaMza aura nagara se usakI pahacAna ucita lagatI hai| ina vyAvahArika tathyoM se mahAvIra kI pahacAna nanihAla vaizAlI aura nAnA ceTaka se nahIM, kintu pitA kI nagarI kuNDalapura evaM pitA zrI siddhArtha rAjA se hI mAnanA zobhAspada lagatA hai| apanA ghara evaM nagara bhale hI choTA ho kintu mahApuruSa dUsare kI vizAla sampatti evaM nagara se apanI pahacAna banAne meM gaurava nahIM samajhate haiN| phira vaizAlI ke daza rAjakumAra kinake uttarAdhikArI bane? jaina granthoM ke paurANika tathyoM se yaha nitAnta satya hai ki rAjA ceTaka ke dasa putra evaM sAta putriyA~ thiiN| inameM se pA~ca putriyoM ke vivAha evaM do ke dIkSAgrahaNa kI bAta bhI sarvavidita hai| kintu yadi tIrthakara mahAvIra ko vaizAlI ke rAjakumAra yA yuvarAja ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA to rAjA ceTaka ke dazoM putra arthAt mahAvIra ke sabhI mAmA kyA kahalAeMge? kyA ve kuNDalapura ke rAjakumAra kahe jAeMge? yaha nyAyika tathya bhI mahAvIra ko kuNDalapura kA yuvarAja hI svIkAra karegA na ki vaizAlI kaa| ata: kuNDalapura ke rAjakumAra ke rUpa meM hI mahAvIra kA astitva suzobhita hotA hai|

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18 anekAnta/55/1 apanI zodha sAmagrI chor3akara dUsare udhAra lie gae sAkSyoM para vizvAsa kyoM kareM? mahAvIra ke pazcAt jainazAsana do hajAra varSoM se digambara aura zvetAmbara ina do paramparAoM meM vibhakta ho gayA yadyapi yaha eka aitihAsika satya hai tathApi Aja bhI digambara jainadharma ke atiprAcIna pramANa maujUda haiM jiname mahAvIra kA janmasthAna kuNDalapura hI mAnA gayA hai aura una tathyoM ke AdhAra para tIrthakara ke janma se pUrva 15 mAha taka ratnavRSTi unakI mAtA ke mahala meM hI hone ke pramANa haiM na ki nAnA-nAnI ke A~gana meM ratnavRSTi ho sakatI hai| punaH jahA~ ratnavRSTi huI hai, bhagavAna kA janma to usI ghara meM mAnanA par3egA ataH "mahAvIra kA janma trizalA mAtA kI kukSi se kuNDalapura meM hI huA thA" yaha dRr3ha zraddhAna rakhate hue kuNDalapura ko vikAsa aura pracAra kI zreNI meM avazya lAnA caahie| ___ kuNDalapura ke viSaya meM vartamAna arvAcIna (dUsare sAhitya ke anusAra) zodha kA mahatva darzAte hue yadi digambara jaina granthoM kI prAcIna zodhapUrNa vANI ko maddenajara karake vaizAlI ko mahAvIra janmabhUmi ke nAma se mAnA jA rahA hai to anya granthAnusAra Adi aneka bAteM bhI hameM svIkAra karanI cAhie kintu zAyada ina bAtoM ko koI bhI digambara jainadharma ke anuyAyI svIkAra nahIM kara sakate haiN| ataH hamArA anurodha hai ki apanI paramasatya jinavANI ko Aja ke thAthe zodha kI balivedI para na car3hAkara saMsAra ke samakSa unhIM prAcIna di. jaina granthoM ke dastAveja prastuta karanA caahie| kula milAkara digambara hokara digambara paramparA ke granthoM ko chor3akara anya pramANoM se jhUThI prAmANikatA siddha kareM, yaha bAta kucha samajha meM nahIM AtI hai| vaizAlI kA vikAsa ho kintu mahAvIra janmabhUmi ke nAma se nahIM___ jahA~ jisa kSetra meM tIrthakara jaise mahApuruSoM ke janma hotA hai vahA~ kI to dharatI hI ratnamayI aura svarNamayI ho jAtI hai ata: vahA~ dUra-dUra taka yadi utkhanana meM koI purAtatva sAmagrI prApta hotI rahe to koI atizayokti vAlI bAta nahIM hai arthAt mahAvIra ke nanihAla vaizAlI meM yadi koI avazeSa mile haiM to ve janmabhUmi ke pratIka na hokara yaha paurANika tathya darzAte haiM ki

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anekAnta/55/1 19 tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke astitva ko vaizAlI meM bhI usa samaya mAnakara unake nAnA - mAmA sabhI gaurava kA anubhava karate hue sikke Adi meM unake citra utkIrNa karAte the tabhI ve Aja purAtatva ke rUpa meM prApta ho rahe haiN| digambara paramparAnusAra tIrthakara to apane mAtA-pitA ke ikalaute putra hI hote haiM arthAt unake koI bhAI nahIM hotA ataH mAtA-pitA ke svargavAsI hone ke pazcAt kuNDalapura kI mahimA vaizAlI meM mahAvIra ke mAmA Adi jAtibandhuoM ne prasArita kara vahA~ koI mahAvIra kA smAraka bhI banavAyA ho to koI atizayokti nahIM hai| ataH saMbhava hai ki usa smAraka ke avazeSa vahA~ mila rahe hoN| vartamAna meM bhI yadi vaizAlI janasAmAnya ke AvAgamana kI suvidhAyukta nagara hai to vahA~ mahAvIra svAmI kA smAraka Aja bhI janamAnasa kI zraddhA kA kendra bana sakatA hai kintu vidvAnoM ko uparyukta viSayoM para gahana cintana karake aisA nirNaya lenA cAhie ki prAcIna siddhAnta dhUmila na hone pAveM aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmajayantI mahotsava manAne ke sAtha hI jainasamAja ke dvArA koI aisA vivAdita kArya na ho jAve ki mahAvIra kI asalI janmabhUmi "kuNDalapura" hI vivAda ke ghere meM par3akara mahAvIra janmabhUmi ke saubhAgya se vaMcita ho jaave| mahAvIrakAlIna kuNDalapura ko zahara kI eka kAlonI nahIM kaha sakate tIrthakara bhagavAna kI janmanagarI meM sAkSAt saudharma indra eka lAkha yojana ke airAvata hAthI para baiThakara AtA hai aura vahA~ bhArI prabhAvanA ke sAtha janmakalyANaka mahotsava manAtA hai| ataH usa nagarI kA pramANa sAdhAraNa nagariyoM ke samAna na mAnakara atyanta vizeSa nagarI mAnanA caahie| jaisAki zAstroM meM varNana bhI hai ki tIrthakara kI janmanagarI ko unake janma se pUrva svarga se indra svayaM Akara vyavasthita karate hai| jisa kuNDalapura ko svayaM indroM ne Akara basAyA ho usake astitva ko kabhI nakArA nahIM jA sakatA hai tathA usake antargata anya nagaroM kA mAnanA to ucita lagatA hai, na ki anya nagariyoM ke antargata dillI zahara kI eka kAlonI kI bhA~ti "kuNDalapura" " ko mAnanA caahie| kAlaparivartana ke kAraNa lagabhaga 2500 varSo bAda usa kuNDalapura nagarI kI

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anekAnta/55/1 sImA bhI yadi pahale se kAphI choTI ho gaI hai to bhI usake saubhAgyamayI astitva ko nakAra kara kisI bar3e nagara ko mahAvIra janmabhUmi kA darjA pradAna kara denA usI taraha anucita lagatA hai ki jaise hamArA purAnA ghara yadi Age calakara garIba yA khaNDahara ho jAe to kisI par3osI bar3e jamIMdAra ke ghara se apane astitva kI pahacAna bnaanaa| abhiprAya yaha hai ki sarvaprathama to mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi kuNDalapura nagarI kA jIrNoddhAra, vikAsa Adi karake use khUba suvidhAsampanna karanA cAhie anyathA use vilupta karane ko dussAhasa to kadApi nahIM honA caahie| yadi 50 varSa pUrva samAja ke variSTha logoM ne sUkSmatA se digambara jaina granthoM kA AloDana kie binA koI galata nirNaya le liyA to kyA prAcIna siddhAnta Age ke lie sarvathA badala die jAe~ge? __ merI to digambara jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM ke lie isa avasara para vizeSa preraNA hai ki yadi isI taraha nirAdhAra aura nae itihAsavidoM ke anusAra prAcIna tIrtho kA zodha calatA rahA to vaha dina dUra nahIM jaba apane hAtha se kuNDalapurI, pAvApurI, ayodhyA, ahicchatra Adi asalItIrtha nikala jAe~ge kyoMki Aja to bijauliyA (rAja.) ke loga ahicchatra tIrtha ko asvIkAra karake bijauliyA meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA upasarga honA mAnate haiN| isI prakAra san 1993 meM eka vidvAn ayodhyA meM eka saMgoSThI ke andara vartamAna kI ayodhyA nagarI para hI praznacinha lagAkara use anyatra videza kI dharatI para batAne lage taba pUjya gaNinIpramukha zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI ne unheM yaha kahakara samajhAyA thA ki zodhArthI vidvAnoM ko itanA bhI zodha nahIM karanA cAhie ki apanI mA~ para hI sandeha kI suI Takane lage arthAt tIrthakara dvArA pratipAdita jinavANI evaM paramparAcAryoM dvArA racita granthoM ko sandeha ke ghere meM DAlakara yA unheM jhUThA ThaharAkara likhe gae zodha prabandha hameM maMjUra nahIM haiN| zodha kA artha kyA hai? mujhe samajha meM nahIM AtA ki apanI prAcIna mUla paramparA para kuThArAghAta - arvAcIna aitihAsika tathyoM ko ujAgara karanA hI kyA zodha kI

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anekAnta/55/1 paribhASA hai? vaizAlI kabhI bhI sarvasammati se mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kI gaI kyoMki aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI isa viSaya se san 1974 meM bhI asahamata the aura Aja bhI asahamata haiM yadi isa janmajayantI mahotsava para vaizAlI ko "mahAvIrasmAraka" ke rUpa meM vikasita kiyA jAtA hai taba to saMbhavata: kisI sAdhu-sAdhvI, vidvAn athavA samAja kA prabuddhavarga use mAnane se inkAra nahIM karegA kintu mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi vaizAlI ke nAma para adhikAMza virodha ke svara guuNjeNge| isa viSaya meM cintana kA viSaya yaha hai ki yadi digambara jainasamAja ke hI loga apane prAcIna Agama ke pramANa chor3akara dUsare granthoM evaM arvAcIna itihAsajJoM ke kathana prAmANika mAnane lageMgeM to una pUrvAcAyoM dvArA kathita Agama ke pramANa kauna satya mAneMge? isa taraha to "prAcInabhArata" pustaka meM itihAsakAra pro. rAmazaraNa zarmA dvArA likhita jainadharma ko bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA saMsthApita mAnane meM bhI hameM koI virodha nahIM honA cAhie? yadi san 1972 meM likhe gae usa kathana kA hama Aja virodha kara use pUrNa asaMgata ThaharAte haiM to vaizAlI kA mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kahane para bhI hameM itihAsa ko dhUmila hone se bacAne hetu galata kahanA hI par3egA anyathA apane hAthoM se hI apane paira para kulhAr3I mArane ke atirikta koI acchA pratiphala sAmane nahIM aaegaa| ___ hama to zodha kA artha yaha samajhate haiM ki apane mUla itihAsa evaM siddhAntoM ko surakSita rakhate hue vartamAna ko prAcInatA se paricita karAnA caahie| vaizAlI meM na to mahAvIra svAmI kA koI prAcIna mandira hai aura na hI unake mahala Adi kI koI prAcIna imArata milatI hai, kevala kucha varSa pUrva vahA~ "kuNDagrAma" nAma se eka navanirmANa kA kArya zurU huA hai| jaisAki paNDita balabhadra jaina ne bhI "bhArata ke digambara jaina tIrtha" (baMgAla-vihAra-ur3IsA ke tIrtha) nAmaka grantha meM (san 1975 meM hIrAbAga-bambaI se prakAzita) kuNDalapura tIrtha ke viSaya meM likhA hai "kuNDalapura vihAra prAnta ke paTanA jile meM sthita hai| yahA~ kA posTa Aphisa nAlandA hai aura nikaTa kA relave sTezana bhI nAlandA hai| yahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke garbha, janma aura tapakalyANaka hue the, isa prakAra kI mAnyatA kaI

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anekAnta/55/1 zatAbdiyoM se calI A rahI hai| yahA~ para eka zikharabanda mandira hai jisameM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zvetavarNa kI sAr3he cAra phuTa avagAhanA vAlI bhavya padmAsana pratimA virAjamAna hai| vahA~ vArSika melA caitra sudI 12 se 14 taka mahAvIra ke janmakalyANaka ko manAne ke lie hotA hai|" kuNDalapura yA kuNDapura ko kuNDagrAma kahakara vaizAlI sAmrAjya kI eka zAsita ikAI mAnate hue kyA hamAre kucha vidvAn rAjA siddhArtha ko ceTaka rAjA kA gharajamAI jaisA tuccha darjA dilAkara unheM vaizAlI ke hI eka choTe se makAna kA garIba zrAvaka siddha karanA cAhate haiM? kyA tIrthakara ke pitA kA koI vizAla astitva unheM acchA nahIM lagatA hai? / pajya gaNinIpramukha zrI jJAnamatI mAtAjI isa viSaya meM batalAtI haiM ki san 1974 meM mahAvIra svAmI ke 2500veM nirvANamahotsava ke samaya pUjya AcArya zrI dharmasAgara mahArAja, AcArya zrI dezabhUSaNa mahArAja, paNDitapravara sumeracanda divAkara, paMDita makkhanalAla zAstrI, DA. lAlabahAdura zAstra-dillI, paM. motIcaMda koThArI-phalTaNa Adi aneka vidvAnoM se carcA huI to saba eka svara se kuNDalapura vartamAna tIrthakSetra ko hI mahAvIra janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM svIkRta karate the, vaizAlI kisI ko bhI janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM iSTa nahIM thii| jarA cintana kIjie ! udAharaNa ke taura para gaNinI zrI jJAnamatI kA janma uttarapradeza ke Tikaitanagara (jilA bArAbaMkI) grAma meM huA hai aura unake dvArA huI vyApaka dharmaprabhAvanA ke kArya dillI, hastinApura Adi meM hue haiN| Age calakara sau-do sau varSa pazcAt koI zodhakartA ina sthAnoM para kucha sAkSya pAkara Tikaitanagara kI bajAe hastinApura, dillI Adi mAtAjI kA janmasthAna mAna le to kyA use saca mAna liyA jAegA? arthAt una sthAnoM ko mAtAjI kI karmabhUmi to mAnA jA sakatA hai kintu janmabhUmi to janma lie hue sthAna ko hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| __ isI prakAra kucha purAtAttvika sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para "vaizAlI" ko mahAvIra janmabhUmi ke nAma se mAnyatA nahIM dilAI jA sakatI hai ataH vidvAna AcArya, sAdhu-sAdhvI sabhI gaharAI se cintana kara kuNDalapura kI khatare meM par3I asmitA kI rakSA kreN|

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anekAnta/55/1 23 janmabhUmi ke bAda nirvANabhUmi kI bhI bArI Ane vAlI hai___ vartamAna kI buddhijIvI pIr3hI ne mahAvIra svAmI kI kalyANaka bhUmiyoM ke bhrAmaka pracAra kA mAno ThekA hI le liyA hai| ise zAyada paMcamakAla yA huNDAvasarpiNI kA abhizApa hI kahanA hogA ki mahAvIra svAmI kI janma evaM nirvANa donoM bhUmiyoM ko vivAdita kara diyA gayA hai| paccIsa sau sattAisa varSoM pUrva vihAra prAnta kI jisa pAvApura nagarI se mahAvIra ne mokSapada prApta kiyA vaha Aja bhI janamAnasa kI zraddhA kA kendra hai aura pratyeka dIpAvalI para vahA~ deza bhara se hajAroM zraddhAlu nirvANalADU car3hAne pahu~cate haiN| jaisA zAstroM meM varNana AyA hai bilkula usI prakAra kI zobhA se yukta pAvApurI kA sarovara Aja upalabdha hai aura usake madhyabhAga meM mahAvIra svAmo ke atizayakArI caraNa-cinha virAjamAna haiM phira bhI kucha vidvAn evaM samAjanetA gorakhapura (u.pra.) ke nikaTa saThiyAvAM grAma ke pAsa eka "pAvA" nAmaka nagara ko hI mahAvIra kI nirvANabhUmi pAvA siddhakSetra mAnakara apane ahaM kI puSTi kara rahe haiN| ____ isa taraha kI zodha yadi apane tIrtha aura zAstroM ke prati calatI rahI taba to sabhI asalI tIrtha evaM granthoM para praznacinha laga jAe~ge tathA jainadharma kI vAstavikatA hI vilupta ho jaaegii| pAvApurI ke viSaya meM bhI aneka zAstrIya pramANa upalabdha hai kintu yahA~ viSaya ko na bar3hAte hue kevala prasaMgopAtta janmabhUmi prakaraNa ko hI prakAzita kiyA gayA hai so vijJajana svaMya samajheM evaM dUsaroM ko smjhaaveN| ityalam! - jambUdvIpa, hastinApura

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paM. zrI hIrAlAla siddhAnta zAstrI evaM una kI sAhitya saparyA - aruNa kumAra jaina jaina darzana vyAkaraNAcArya vIsavI zatAbdI ke jina manISiyoM ne samAja kI upekSA ke bhArI saMtrAsoM ko jhelakara tathA nAnA Arthika samasyAoM se jUjhakara bhI apanI anardhya sAdhanA se nAza hone ke kagAra para khar3e jina - sAhitya - prAsAda ke saMrakSaNa evam punaruddhAra meM apanA samagra jIvana samarpita kara diyA, jina aura saMskRti ke AdhAra stambha AcArya praNIta vAD.maya ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAne meM mahanIya avadAna dekara samAja aura deza ko satsaraNi kA saMdarzana karAyA, nAnA zAstrAdyavIkSaNa se jaina vAD.maya ko yuga sApekSa tulanAtmaka adhyayana kara vAgdevI ke mandira ko samalaMkRta kara vizva vAD.maya meM jaina manISA ke utkarSa ko siddha kiyA, AjIvikopayogI samucita saMsAdhanoM ke abhAva meM bhI jo sAhitya - saparyA se kabhI virata nahIM hue, aise mahAn zruta- samArAdhakoM kI gaNanAprasaMga meM agraNI vidvAn haiM- siddhAntAcArya paM. zrI hIrAlAla zAstrI | ThiMganI kRza deha parantu antaraMga meM dRr3hatA bharI saMkalpa zakti, ghuTanoM taka dhotI, binA presa kA kurtA, yadA-kadA darzanIya sira para TopI bAhara se kar3aka, andara se narama, bilkula mahAtma- sulabha nAri kelasamAkAra, andara ko dhuMsI A~khoM meM zAstroM kI gahanAvalokanI dRSTi, kRtrimatA se rahita sIdhI sapATa vANI, yahI haiM siddhAntAcArya paM. zrI hIrAlAla jI zAstrI / laghu aura kRzakAya ke isa mahAmanISI ne ghora pArivArika pratikUlatAoM ke madhya apane apratihata puruSArtha ke bala para jisa vizAla vAD.maya kI racanA kI, use ye svayaM nahIM uThA skte| paM. zrI zAstrI jI Agama zAstroM ke talasparzI adhyetA, kuzala saMpAdaka evam anuvAdaka the|

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anekAnta/55/1 25 karma siddhAnta, jaina - nyAya zAstra evam jaina AcArazAstra ke Apa marmajJa vidvAn the| isake atirikta apane apanI medhA evam sUkSmekSikA ke bala para jaina kAvyoM kA bhI saTIka sampAdana prastuta kiyA hai| mAtra dhavalA evam jayadhavalA grantharAjoM para kiyA gayA unakA kArya jaina sAhitya meM unheM amara kIrti dilAne meM sakSama hai| bundelakhaNDa kI paNDitaprasUtA dharA ke lalitapura maNDalAntargata sADhUmala grAma meM svanAma dhanya paM. zrI hIrAlAla kA janma zrAvaNa mAsa kI amAvasyA vi. saM. 1961 meM huaa| prArambha se hI Apa pratibhAzAlI the| unake hI grAma meM saMcAlita zrI mahAvIra digambara jaina pAThazAlA, sAdUmala meM Apako praveza dilAyA gayA, jahA~ se Apane saMskRta madhyamA evam jaina dharma vizArada kI parIkSAeM uccazreNI meM uttIrNa kii| ApakI utkaTa jJAna-pipAsA dekhakara Apako uccAdhyayana hetu indaura ke sara seTha hukamacandra jaina mahAvidyAlaya meM bhejA gyaa| gahana adhyavasAyapUrvaka adhyayana karate hue Apane zAstrI aura nyAyatIrtha kI upAdhiyA~ sAdhimAna arjita kii| usake pazcAt bhI jJAnArAdhanA kA krama nahI rukaa| Apane siddhAnta zAstroM ke gahana adhyayana hetu jaina zikSA mandira meM sva. paM. zrI vaMzIdhara jI siddhAnta zAstrI kA ziSyattva grahaNa kara siddhAnta granthoM meM pAraMgatatA adhigata kii| vidyArjana uparAnta kAryakSetra meM praveza kiyaa| sarvaprathama san 1924 meM Apa kAzI ke mahAn zikSAkendra zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM dharmAdhyApaka ke rUpa meM niyukta hue / syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya se Apa bhA. di. jaina mahAvidyAlaya sahAranapura cale gaye, jahA~ san 1927 se 32 taka dharmAdhyApaka ke rUpa meM apanI sevAyeM pradAna kii| sahAranapura meM zvetAmbara jaina sAdhuoM ko bhI atirikta samaya meM adhyApana kArya karate the, isase Apako prAkRta bhASA meM gaharI paiTha banAne kA avasara milaa| isake atirikta Apane bhA. va. di. jaina mahAvidyAlaya byAvara, jaina siddhAnta zAlA byAvara, uttara prAntIya digambara jaina gurukula, hastinApura, Adi saMsthAoM meM bhI apanI adhyApakIya sevAeM dii| zodhAnusandhAna, sampAdana evam anuvAda Adi kAryo ke nimitta Apane dhavalA kAryAlaya amarAvatI, zrI ailaka pannAlAla digambara jaina sarasvatI bhavana. byAvara.

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26 anekAnta/55/1 evam vIra sevA mandira, naI dillI Adi saMsthAoM se Apa sambaddha rhe| isake atirikta zrI bhA.va.di. jaina saMgha mathurA meM pracAra kAryArtha bhI Apa niyukta hue| ukta saMsthAoM meM kArya karate hue prAcIna jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana meM apanI gahana abhiruci ke kAraNa Apa nirantara jJAnArAdhana ke puNya kArya meM sadA nirata rhe| yahA~ jJAtavya hai ki Apane jina saMsthAoM meM apanI sevAe~ pradAna kI, sabhI saMsthAe~ samAja dvArA saMcAlita thii| sAmAjika saMsthAoM meM kAryarata vidvAnoM ko kina-kina kaThinAIyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai, bhuktabhogI evam taTastha vijJajana jAnate haiN| ina saMsthAoM meM karmacAriyoM ko apane sevA karma ke sAtha saMsthA ke padAdhikAriyoM kI khyAti-lAbhAdi kI apekSA kA dhyAna bhI rakhanA par3atA hai| karmacAriyoM ke kArya parizrama kA mUlyAMkana unakI yogyatA evam niSThA ke AdhAra para nahIM, adhikAriyoM se unakI anukUlatA ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai| yahA~ para diyA jAne vAlA kama vetana karmacAri vidvAn ko tana se bekhabara hokara kArya karane ko majabUra karatA hai| ina saba prakAra kI ghora kaThinAIyoM ApadAoM ko jhelate hue aura pArivArika AvazyakatAoM aura apekSAoM ke prahAroM kA mukAbalA karanA par3atA hai| ina saba visaMgatiyoM ke kAraNa paM. zrI zAstrI jI apanI svAbhimAnI vRtti evam spaSTavAditA ke kAraNa saMsthAdhikAriyoM ke prabhAjana bane, parantu Apane jIvana zailI se kabhI samajhautA nahIM kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki unheM kisI bhI sevA meM dIrghakAlika sthAyitva nahIM mila sakA, unheM aneka sthAnoM para sevArtha jAnA pdd'aa| unakI spaSTavAditA kA eka udAharaNa, jo unake hI mukha se sunA thA, yahA~ prastuta hai| paNDita zrI zAstrI jI, ujjaina meM seTha lAlacandra jI seThI ke yahA~ unake parivAra ko dhArmika adhyayanArtha evaM mandira jI meM zAstra sabhA karane hetu niyukta the| una dinoM seTha sA. kA unakI sAmAjika sevAoM ke liye nAgarika abhinandana samAroha kA Ayojana thaa| seTha sA. ke vyaktittva para prakAza DAlane hetu ApakA nAma bhI vaktAoM kI sUcI meM thaa| Apane seThajI kA paricaya dete hue bharI sabhA meM kahA, yadi seTha sA. ke vyaktitva ke vividha pakSoM para yadi mUlyAGkana karate hue maiM Apako prabandhakIya kSamatA meM 90/100, vyavasAya dakSatA

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anekAnta / 55/1 95/100, dharmajJAna 85/100 samAja sevA 85 / 100 aMka denA cAhatA hU~, parantu kheda hai ki udAratA ke praznapatra meM bar3I muzkila se 100 meM se mAtra 10 naM. hI de pA rahA huuN| paNDita jI kI isa TippaNI se seTha sA. Azcarya se stabdha rahe, aise spaSTavAdI the paM. zrI hIrAlAla jI / 27 spaSTavAditA, svAbhimAnitA unake svabhAva kA abhinna aMga thaa| tathApi ve pUrNa vyavahAra kuzala evam sahayogI svabhAva ke the| Atithya satkAra meM unakA AtmIyatA pUrNa-sneha atithi Agantuka ko abhibhUta kara detA thA / sarasvatI bhavana byAvara se tyAgapatra dene ke uparAnta ujjaina se TrasTa ke manmI ne mujhe cArja lene bhejA, taba bhavana kI eka-eka pustaka evaM purAmahattva kI vastuoM ko jo ki unahoMne bahuta saMjokara rakhI thIM, mujhe saMbhalavAne meM eka saptAha se adhika samaya lagA, isa pUrNa avadhi meM pratidina paNDitajI ne svayaM apane putra ke sAhAyya se bhojana taiyAra kara khilAyA jaba taka ve byAvara meM rahe unhoMne mujhe va mere sAtha gaye paNDita dayAcaMda jI zAstrI ujjaina ko anyatra bhojana nahIM karane diyaa| mujhe nItikAra ke vacana yAda Aye / vajrAdapi kaThorANi mRdUni kusumAdapi / lokottara cetAMsi ko vijJAtumarhati // - prAta:kAla cAra baje zayyAtyAga denA evaM dainika karma se nivRtta hokara prAta: pA~ca baje se prArambha ho jAtA thA unakA mahanIya jJAnArAdhana kA yajJa / prAtaH 7.00 baje devadarzana ke uparAnta dugdhasevana pazcAt punaH vahI granthAvalokana, saMzodhana, saMpAdana evam anuvAda kArya kI sAdhanA / aparAhana 1.00 ghaNTe vizrAma punaH granthAdhyayana ! sAyaMkAla bhojana ke pazcAt bhavana ke cAroM ora parikramA lagAte hue stutipAThAdi evam sAyaMkAlIna bhramaNa ! eka kAla meM jJAnArAdhana, deva - bhakti evam zArIrika svAsthya tInoM kriyAoM ko sampanna kara apane bahumUlya samaya ko bacAkara ve sarasvatI devI kI ArAdhanA meM lagAte the / eka bAra koI vyakti zaMkAoM kI sUcI lekara paNDitajI ke pAsa Aye paNDita jI ne bahuta kama samaya meM arthAt tIna-tIna cAra-cAra zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna grantha ke sandarbhellekha mAtra dvArA kara diyA, parantu ve sajjana itane mAtra se santuSTa nahIM the, paNDitajI ne spaSTa kaha diyA pahile Apa svAdhyAya kareM

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28 anekAnta/55/1 pIche hamAre pAsa aaveN| maineM jaba paNDitajI ko pUchA- paNDitajI Apane inheM samaya to diyA hI nhiiN| paNDitajI ne mujhe ati saMkSipta uttara diyA aruNa kumAra jI ! unake pAsa vyartha carcA ke liye ananta samaya hai, merI Ayu dina pratidina kSINatA kI ora agrasara hai ataH samaya kama aura abhI bahuta kAma karanA hai / sacamuca ve maraNaparyanta kArya karate rahe mRtyu se pA~ca divasa pUrva apane gA~va sAdUmala se byAvara taka kI yAtrA kisI grantha prakAzana ke nimitta kI thI, jo unakI jJAnasAdhanA ke prati karmaThatA evam jIvaTapanA kA eka anukaraNIya udAharaNa hai| devadarzana aura jina - stuti, nitaprati pUjana karane kA unakA nitya niyama thaa| ekadA kisI zreSThI ne unheM kahA, paNDitajI Apa aSTadravya pUjana to karate nahIM, unhoMne uttara diyA maiM aSTavidha pUjana eka bAra nahIM, balki dvAdazAMga pUjana pUre divasa paryanta karatA huuN| aise dvAdazAMga jinavANI ke mahAn bhakta pUjaka, ArAdhaka abhIkSNaM jJAnopayogI the - paM. hIrAlAla jI shaastrii| hIrAzrama sAdUmala (lalitapura) meM zrutArAdhana karate hue pUjya paNDitajI san 1981 kI pharavarI mAsa meM paraloka sidhAra gaye, unakI pudgalamayI kAyA to pudgala meM hI vilIna ho gayI, parantu unake dvArA anUdita, vyAkhyAta evam sampAdita grantha-racanAoM ke mAdhyama se ve sAhitya jagat meM sadAamara raheMge, unake dvArA kiye gaye kArya vidvajagat meM prakAza stambha banakara sAhityoddhAra kI dizA meM sadA pradarzaka bane rheNge| AdaraNIya paNDitajI ke sthitikAla meM prAcIna AcAryo ke dvArA praNIta sAhitya kA vizAla bhAga prakAza meM nahI A sakA thaa| bahuta AvazyakatA thI vividha zAstra bhaNDAroM banda, dImaka bhakSita hote hue yatra-tatra vikIrNa jaina sAhitya ke saMgrahaNa pUrvaka unake bhASA rUpAntara evam Adhunika paddhati ke anukUla sampAdanoparAnta prakAzana kI / paNDitajI ne ai. pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavana meM sevA ke mAdhyama se vikIrNa sAhitya ke saMgraha evam saMrakSaNa meM to apanI pahalI bhUmikA nibhaayii| sAtha hI, vizAla parimANa meM prAcIna jaina sAhitya kA sampAdana evam anuvAda kara unheM prakAzita karAyA / vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki viSaya vivecana kI sUkSmatA evam pratipAdana ke vistAra vAle

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anekAnta/55/1 .29 jainAcArya praNIta aise grantha mahArNavoM kA bhI kArya hAtha meM lene se paNDita jI nahIM ghabarAe, jinheM dekha acche-acche vidvAnoM kA bhI garva kharva hone lagatA hai| Apa dvArA merI jAnakArI anusAra nimna granthoM kI saMpAdana anuvAda evam vyAkhyA kI gayI;Agama grantha 1. dhavala siddhAnta ke 5 bhAga pUrNa evam chaThA AdhAbhAga karma-siddhAnta 2. prAkRta paJcasaMgraha evam 3 karma prakRti kAvya grantha 4. dayodaya campU, 5. sudarzanodaya mahAkAvya, 6. jayodaya mahAkAvya(pUrvArddha), 7. vIrodaya mahAkAvya evam 8. vIravarddhamAna caritra nyAya evam darzana grantha 9. prameya ratnamAlA zvetAmbara jaina grantha 10. dazavaikAlika sUtra-pravacana saMgraha pA~ca bhAga 11. jIta sUtra, 12. dazA zrutaskandha 13. nizItha sUtra, 14. sthAnAMgasUtra va 15. samavAyAga zrAvakAcAra 16. zrAvakAcAra saMgraha pA~ca bhAga (jisameM 33 zrAvakAcAroM kA saMgraha hai) 17. vasunandi zrAvakAcAra evam 18. jaina dharmAmRta isa granthoM kA sakala kalevara 20,000 pRSThoM se bhI jyAdA hai| merI jAnakArI anusAra antima samaya meM Apane zve. jaina grantha nandisUtra kI hindI TIkA tathA jaina mantrazAstra grantha taiyAra kiyA thA, jinake prakAzana kI sUcanA upalabdha na ho skii| jaina mantra zAstra, grantha viSayaka jAnakArI mujhe bhAratIya jJAnapITha ke adhyakSa sAhU zreyAMsa prasAda jI dvArA prApta huyI thii| SaTkhaNDAgamaH prastuta grantha antima tIrthaDara bhagavAna mahAvIra rUpa himAcala se niHsRta dvAdazAMga vAggaMgA kI avacchinna paramparA kA grantharatna hai| yaha digambara paramparA kI anupama nidhi hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divyadhvani niHsRta dvAdazAMga jina vANI kA jJAna, AcArya paramparA se kramazaH hAsa hotA huA A. dharasena taka aayaa| dharasena AcArya aMgoM evam pUrvo ke eka deza jJAtA the evam zruta

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30 anekAnta/55/1 saMrakSaNa se cintita, yataH nimittajJAna dvArA unhoMne jAna liyA ki kAla-doSa ke kAraNa AgAmI samaya meM aMgoM ke Azika jJAna ko dhAraNa karane kI medhAvAle bhI nahIM raheMge ata: lipibaddha karane hetu unhoMne mahimA nagarI se muni zrI puSpadanta evam bhUtabalI ko AhUta kara unakI parIkSA kara, zruta-paramparA ke saMrakSaNArtha lipibaddha karane ke abhiprAya se Agama siddhAnta sikhAyA, jinhoMne apane guru kI bhAvanA ke anusAra prastuta grantha ko prAkRta bhASA meM lipibaddha kiyaa| prastuta Agamagrantha meM chaha khaNDoM meM jIvaTANa, (2) khuddAbandha (3) bandha svAmitva vicaya (4) vedanA (5) vargaNA evam (6) mhaabndh| ina chaha khaNDoM ke prathama khaNDa meM satsaMkhyAdi aSTavidha anuyoga dvAroM, 14 guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAoM kA Azraya pUrNa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya khuddAbandha meM prarUpaNAoM meM karmabandha karane vAle jIvana kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya bandha svAmittvavicaya meM kitanI prakRtiyoM kA bandha hotA hai aura kisake nhii| kina guNasthAnoM meM kitanI prakRtiyoM kA bandha, satva, udaya aura vyucchittiyA~ hotI haiM Adi kA sUkSma evam vizada vivecana hai| caturtha vedanAkhaNDa meM kRti aura vedanA adhikAra varNita hai| paJcama vargaNAkhaNDa meM 23 prakAra kI bandhanIya vargaNAoM kA tathA sparza, karma prakRti Adi kA varNana milatA hai| SaSTha mahAskaMgha meM prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAga va pradezabandha kA savistara varNana milatA hai SaTkhaNDAgama grantha para A. kundakunda evam samanta-bhadrAcAryAdi aneka AcAryoM ne TIkA likhI, parantu ve Aja upalabdha nhiiN| sambhavataH sabase vizAlaTIkA 72 hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA IsA kI AThavIM/navamI zatAbdI ke mahAn AcArya vIrasena svAmI ne saMskRta evam prAkRta meM likhii| grantha ke prArambhika pAMca bhAga para likhita TIkA dhavalA evam SaSTha mahAbandha khaNDa kI TIkA mahAdhavalA ke nAma se jJAta hai| dhavalA evam mahAdhavalA TIkA samanvita ukta Agama grantha mUDabidrI ke granthAgAra meM kannaDa lipi meM surakSita thIM, jo mAtra zobhA evam darzana kI vastu thIM, jinake bAhara Ane evam lipyantara karAne kI kahAnI lambI hai, usake pakAzana hetu grantha ke sampAdana, evam anuvAda kAryoM meM pro. DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina,

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anekAnta/55/1 paM. zrI phUlacandra jI siddhAntazAstrI vArANasI Adi ke sAtha paNDita zrI hIrAlAla jI zAstrI ne sAhAyya kara jinavANI kI avismaraNIya sevA kI hai| sampUrNa dhavalA TIkA 16 bhAgoM meM prakAzita huyI, jinameM se Apane prArambha ke 5 bhAgoM ko sampAdana aura anuvAda kiyA hai, jaisA ki Apane svayaM likhA hai parantu prAraMbhika do bhAgoM meM hI ApakA nAmollekha hai| kannaDI lipi mUla se rUpAntara karane meM anekatra bhramavaza aneka azuddhiyA~ thii| unake zuddha pATha nirdhAraNa meM vidvAna saMpAdaka paM. hIrAlAla jI ne gahana adhyavasAya kiyA hai| usameM jo prakriyA evam niyama apanAye gaye prastAvanA meM varNita haiM, jisase saMpAdaka kI sUkSmekSikA kA jJAna milatA hai| ___ grantha kA itihAsa, AdhArabhUta pANDulipi meM racanAkAra kA kAla nirdhAraNa sahita saMpUrNa paricaya TIkAoM evaMm TIkAkAroM kI sAr3a.opAi. aitihAsika khojapUrNa vivecanA, grantha kI bhASA Adi kA vimarza bhI prastAvanA meM vistAra se upalabdha hai| granthAnta meM 6 pariziSTa tato'dhika zodha sAmagrI prastuta karate haiN| prameyaratnamAlA- yaha grantha jainanyAya vidyA meM praveza karAne ke liye viracita Adya sUtra grantha mANikyanandI racita parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM para laghu anantavIrya dvArA racita laghuvRtti hai| jisa prakAra grantha tattvArtha sUtra hai, usI prakAra jaina nyAya meM praveza hetu mANikyanandI ne vikrama kI dazama zatAbdI meM parIkSAmukha grantha racakara eka bahuta bar3e abhAva kI pUrti kii| parIkSAmukha para AcArya prabhAcandra kA prameyakamala mArtaNDa, bhaTTAraka cArukIrti ne prameya ratnAlaMkAra evam prastuta prameyaratnamAlA Adi TIkAe~ likhI gayI haiN| grantha meM chaha samuddezoM meM mUkhyataH pramANa evaM pramANabhAsa kA varNana hai| prathama samuddeza meM pramANa kA svarUpa, vizeSaNoM kI sArthakatA, pramANa ke sva-para vyavasAyAtmakatA kI siddhi, pramANa kA prAmANya kathaJcit svataH kathAJcad parataH siddha kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya samuddeza meM pramANa ke bhedoM kA varNana kara artha evam Aloka ke jJAna kI kAraNanA kA nirAsa sayukti rIti se pratipAdita hai| tRtIya samuddeza meM

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32 anekAnta/55/1 parokSa pramANa kA svarUpa parokSa ke bheda, hetu kA svarUpa pakSa kA pratipAdana anumAna ke paccAvayava vAkyoM, upanaya aura nigamana ko anumAnAGga mAnane meM doSodbhAvana Adi kA varNana hai| caturtha samuddeza meM sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka ubhaya-rUpa viSaya kI siddhi kI gayI hai| paccama samuddeza meM pramANa ke phala para carcA kI gayI hai| SaSTha samuddeza meM pramANAbhAsa kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hai| paM. zrI hIrAlAla jI zAstrI ne prastuta prameyaratnamAlA grantha kI hindI vyAkaraNa ajJAna-kartRka TippaNa evam paNDita zrI jayacandra jI kI hindI vacanikA ke AdhAra para kI hai| grantha kI prastAvanA jaina evam bauddha darzana ke khyAtilabdha vidvAna pro. udayacandra jI jaina ne likhI hai| jisameM Apane aSTasahasrI ke TippaNa evam prakRta grantha ke TippaNa kI tulanA kara TippaNakAra kA nAma laghusamantabhadra siddha kiyA hai| hindI vyAkhyAkAra paNDita hIrAlAla jI ne prakRta grantha ke sarala anuvAda ke sAtha grantha kI nAnA granthiyoM ko vizeSArtha meM udghATita kiyA hai| nyAyagranthoM meM pAribhASika zabdoM ke pracuratA ke sAtha zabdalAghada kI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai, jisake kAraNa artha khulAsA karanA Ter3hI khIra ho jAtA hai, parantu laghusamantabhadra ke TippaNa evam paM. zrI chAvar3A jI vacanikA ke AdhAra para grantha ke hArda ko hastAmalakavat vizada kiyA hai / grantha meM sampUrNa TippaNa phuTanoTa me saMyojita grantha ke mahattva ko dviguNita kiyA hai| granthAnta meM TIkAkAra kI prazasti, sUtrapATa, grantha ke sUtroM kI pramANamImAMsA, pramANanayatatvAloka, se tulanA kI tAlikA, pAribhASika zabda sUcI, granthoddhRta gadyAvataraNa evaM padyAvataraNasUcI (sandarbha), pra.ra.mA.kAra racita zloka, TippaNastha zloka sUcI, granthAgata dArzanika, grantha, evam jainAcAryo kI sUcI sahita nagara deza nAma sUcI 16 pariziSTa dekara grantha kI upayogitA ko bar3hAte hue sampAdana paddhati ke pratimAnoM kI pAlanA kI gayI hai| niSkarSata: prastuta anuvAda evam vyAkhyA paNDita jI ke adhyavasAya evam

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anekAnta/55/1 nyAya vidyA para unake gahana adhyayana kI paricAyikA hai evam vidyArthiyoM ke sAtha etadviSayaka vidvAnoM ke liye bhI upayogI hai| zrAvakAcAra saMgraha (pAMca bhAga) paM. zrI hIrAlAlajI ne zrAvakAcAra viSaya ke vividha AcAryoM ke mantavyoM ke ekatra saMyojana hetu tathA zrAvakAcAroM ke kramika vikAsa ke adhyayanArtha zodhArthiyoM ke sauvidhya hetu aneka sarasvatI bhaNDAroM se khoja-khoja kara etadviSayaka sAmagrI kA saMkalana kara tathA purANoM meM Agata zrAvakAcAra viSayaka sAmagrI kA saMyojanakara evam vidvattApUrNa sampAdana evam anuvAda ke sAtha 33 zrAvakAcAroM ko 5 jildoM meM prakAzana kA kArya kiyA hai| isake pUrva Apake dvArA vasunandizrAvakAcAra evam jaina dharmAmRta kA sundara sampAdana evam anuvAda bhA. jJAnapITha dvArA prakAzita karAyA gayA thaa| vIrodaya mahAkAvya- vIsavIM zatAbdI ke mUrdhanya mahAkavi bRhatacatuSThayI kI racanA jayodaya mahAkAvya ke ravayitA bra. bhUrAmala zAstrI dvArA rasasiddha lekhanI se prastuta vIrodaya mahAkAvya kA sundara sampAdana bhI ApakI pratibhAdvArA kiyA gayA hai, yadyapi ukta grantha kA hindI anuvAda prAcIna hindI meM mahAkavi ne svayaM kiyA thA, paM. jI ne rUpAntaraNa ke sAtha sampAdana kiyA evam mahAkAvya ke nAyaka bha. mahAvIra carita viSayaka digambara evam zvetAmbara sAhitya kA AloDana kara usakA navanIta prastuta grantha meM kiyA hai| viziSTa bAta yaha ki prastAvanA meM grantha prakAzana kAla taka aprakAzita mahAvIra caritra viSayaka sAmagrI kA sAra bhI prastuta kiyA jisameM-asagakavi kA vardhamAna carita, bhaTrAraka kIrti viracita vIravardhamAna kAvya, raidhu viracita - mahAvIra carita sirihara viracita-vaDDamANArau, kumudacandra viracita-mahAvIrarAsa, Adi kA adhyayana sAra prastuta kiyA hai| sArAMzataH sampAdaka mahodaya ne vIrodaya mahAkAvya ke vaiziSTya ke pratipAdana ke sAtha apanI vizAla prastAvanA meM yatra tatra upalabdha digambara evaM zvetAmbara AcArya praNIta saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza evam hindI bhASA nibaddha mahAvIra caritoM ko tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kara jijJAsujagat para mahaupakAra kiyA hai|

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34 anekAnta/55/1 mahAvIrakAla kI sAmAjika dazA evam jAtivAdI vyavasthA kI mImAMsA karate hue prastAvanA meM vaidika evam bauddha sAhitya kA bharapUra upayoga karate hue unake mata sandarbha prastuta kiye haiN| ina sabhI granthoM kA sampAdana paNDita jI dvArA adhunAtana sAhitya mImAMsaka vidvAnoM dvArA svIkRta mAnadaNDoM ke anurUpa hI kiyA gyaa| tadanusAra granthoM ke zuddha evam prAmANika pAThoM hetu nyUnatama tIna pANDulipiyoM kA upayoga kiyA jisameM sarvAdhika zuddha prati mUla rUpa meM dekara pAdaTippaNa meM anya pratiyoM ke pAThabheda kA saMketa kiyA gyaa| pAdaTippaNiyoM meM sambandhita viSaya meM anya AcAryoM ke matoM kA ullekha sasandarbha kiyA gyaa| paNDita jI dvArA sampAdita granthoM kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA granthArambha meM unake bahuvidyA-vetRtva kI nidarzaka vidvattA pUrNa prastAvanAe~ haiM, jinameM granthakAra kA kAla nirdhAraNa, AcArya paramparA - gurvAvali pUrvavartI AcAryoM kA racanA prabhAva va racanA kA paravartI AcAryoM para prabhAva grantha viSayaka anya sAhitya kA varNana grantha kA pratipAdya evam usa para tulanAtmaka adhyayana va UhApoha grantha kI bhASA zailI prayukta pANDulipiyoM kI prati kA paricaya, unake gahana adhyavasAya evam viSaya-pAraMgatatA ke pramANa prastuta karate haiN| unake dvArA sampAdita granthoM kI vizeSatAoM meM dUsarI pramakha vizeSatA hai. granthAnta meM vividha pariziSToM kI sNyojnaa| pariziSToM meM yadi sUtra grantha hai to sakala sUtroM sUcI, padyamaya granthoM meM grantha ke padyoM kI akArAdikrama se padyAnukramaNikA, granthAgata avataraNoM/uddharaNoM kI sUcI evam unake sandarbha, granthollikhita aitihAsika rAjA, AcArya, zrAvaka, Adi kI sUcI bhaugolika sUcI granthanAmollekhoM kI sUcI vaMzo kI sUcI, joDI gayI haiM, jo adhyetA vidvAnoM ke liye kAphI upayogI sAbita hotI haiN| -seTha jI kI nasiyAM byAvara

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bhagavAn RSabhadeva evaM zramaNa paraMparA : mahatvapUrNa gaNitIya evaM aitihAsika pakSa ___ - DaoN. abhaya prakAza jaina zramaNa paramparA kI prAcInatA aba pUrNataH sarvamAnya ho cukI hai| isameM sarvaprathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke aneka prakaraNa bhArata ke prAcInatama graMthoM meM tathA purAtatva sAmagrI meM aneka zodha-patroM ke viSaya bana cuke haiN| abhinAvAvadhi meM prakAzita jaina dravyAnuyoga evaM karaNAnuyoga graMthoM meM prApya sAmagrI ukta kAla evaM yugoM kI uccatama sabhyatA, jJAna, vijJAna kI anupama jhalaka detI hai| prastuta patra meM zodha zailI meM etadsaMbaMdhI navInatama gaNitIya evaM aitihAsika purAtatva saMbaMdhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| zramaNa saMskRti ke AdIza-jina prathama tIrthakara bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI aitihAsikatA purAtAttvika pramANoM evaM RgvedAdi prAcInatama vaidika graMthoM meM sAdara ullekha ke prakAza meM siddha va sthApita ho cukI hai| siMdhu-har3appA sabhyatA meM gaNita ke prayoga mohanajodaDoM meM (purAtattva saMbaMdhI khudAI ke phalasvarUpa) anusaMdhAna hue haiN| khudAI kA kArya isa prakAra prAraMbha huaa| sva. rAkhAladAsa benarjI purAtatva vibhAga ke ucca padAdhikArI the| ve pA~ca varSoM taka lagAtAra sikaMdara ke dvArA bhArata meM banavAe hue bAraha staMbhoM ko DhUMDhane meM lage hue the| 1922 ke zItakAla meM rAstA bhUla jAne ke kAraNa ghor3e para savAra vaha eka TIle para jA phuNce| unheM vahAM prAcIna prakAra kA eka cAkU prApta huaa| anumAna lagAyA gayA ki koI purAnI sabhyatA bhUmi meM nIce dabI hai| unhoMne khudAI prAraMbha kii| 1925 meM sara jaoNna mArzala kI dekharekha meM aura khudAI huii| 1931 taka I. je. maike bhI isa kArya meM lage rhe| yaha mohanajodar3o kI khudAI thii| yahA~ patA calA ki IsA ke lagabhaga 3000 varSa pUrva siMdha ke nivAsI hindU loga khAsa mApa kI IToM ke makAna banAte the| nagaroM kA gaNitIya-yAMtrika vidhi se niyojana karate the| ve

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36 anekAnta/55/1 sonA, cAMdI, tAMbA aura jastA Adi dhAtuoM ke mApa-jokha vAle prayoga karate the| unakA jIvana atyaMta suvyavasthita thaa| mohanajodar3o meM prApta muharoM aura lekhoM ke aMkasUcaka cinha the, aura hAlAMki abhI taka pUrNa rUpa se nahIM par3he jA sake hai| parantu unameM kahIM-kahIM eka khar3I pAI yA eka ke Upara eka rakhI kaI khar3I pAIyAM milI haiN| jJAta huA hai ki eka se teraha taka ke aMka inhIM khar3I pAIyoM dvArA sUcita kiye gae haiN| yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki 20,30, saikar3e aura adhika kI saMkhyAoM ko likhane ke lie bhI usa samaya saMketa the athavA nhiiN| yadyapi aise aneka cinha milate haiM jinake viSaya meM logoM kA vizvAsa hai ki ve bar3I saMkhyAoM ko batalAte haiN| parantu abhI taka una cinhoM kA sarvasammat mAna patA nahIM cala sakA hai| mohanajodaDo meM prApta sAmagrI tathA azoka ke aMka-garbhita aMtalekhoM ke bIca prAya: Der3ha hajAra yA adhika varSoM kA aMtarAla hai| isa aMtarAla ke kAla meM abhI taka koI aisA likhita pralekha (sTelA) nahIM milA jisameM aMka cinhoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA ho| mohanajodaDo ke uttara meM 400 mIla para dayArAma sahAnI ne aura unake pazcAt mAdho svarUpa vatsa ne khudAI kI jo ki har3appA khudAI ke nAma se jAnI gii| ina donoM sthAnoM kI khudAI meM nAnA prakAra kI vastuoM ke sAtha lagabhaga 3000 mudrAeM bhI nikliiN| jo Aja bhI gUDhAkSara-vettAoM ke lie samasyA banI huI haiN| khudAI kI prApta vastuoM se siddha huA ki mohanajodar3o eka dvIpa thA jahAM kI sabhyatA kA prabhAva IrAna aura Igaka kI sabhyatAoM para par3A thaa| sara jaoNna mArzala tathA maike aura vatsa ne ina sabhI citroM ko tathA saMkhyAoM ko bahuta sApha suthare taura para chApA hai| siMdhu ghATI kI sabhyatA prAyaH 4000 varSa purAnI hai| jo ki usakA aMtima kAla thaa| isameM yadi 5000 aura jor3a diye jAeM to hama usa sabhyatA ke janma ke samIpa pahuMca sakate haiN| yahAM kI lipi meM cinha aura citra donoM pAe jAte haiM, jo kabhI dAyeM se bAyeM, kabhI bAyeM se dAyeM ora kabhI donoM ora se likhe milate hai| kucha mudrAoM meM kevala lipi hai kucha meM kevala citra hai aura kucha meM citra aura lipi donoM haiN| mArzala ne

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anekAnta/55/1 37 sIla-ema. AI. sI. pI. ela. -12 vIM, naM.-17 meM jo manuSya kA AkAra hai usako unhoMne pazuoM se ghire rahane ke kAraNa pazupatinAtha mAnA hai| mArzala tathA anya pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki yahAM dravir3a sabhyatA thI ora Arya jAti videzoM se lagabhaga 3500 varSa pUrva bhArata meM aaii| pazupati vAlI mudrA ko vibhinna vidvAnoM ne aneka prakAra se par3hA hai| sudhAMzu kumAra re ne siMdhu lipi meM 288 varNAtmaka cinha mAne haiM aura vibhinna mudrAoM ke cinhoM se lipi banAne kA prayatna aneka vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai| abhI taka isa varNamAlA kA saMbaMdha "brAmhmIlipi" se jor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA rahA hai kintu abhI taka koI bhI sarvasammata hala para nahIM pahuMca skaa| vastutaH brAmhI aura suMdarI lipiyoM ke AviSkAra para pro. ela. sI. jaina, jabalapura ke pAMca lekhoM (arhata vacana ' meM prakAzita) meM jo paripuSTa sAkSya evaM pramANa upalabdha haiM, ve do haiM : purAtAttvika dRSTi se azoka ke abhilekha bhArata kI aitihAsika yuga ke prAcInatama abhilekha haiN| vizeSa bAta yaha dhyAna dene kI hai ki saiMdhava sabhyatA ke patana (18 vIM zatI I. pU.) aura azoka (3 rI zatI I. pU.) ke madhya vyatIta hone vAle lagabhaga 1500 varSoM kA eka bhI abhilekha upalabdha nahIM hai| svataMtra bhArata meM vaidika kAla meM aneka sthaloM kA kAphI vizAla paimAne para utkhanana bhI kiyA jA cukA hai| isase yaha niSkarSa nikAlA gayA hai ki isa bIca bhArata ke loga lekhana kalA se aparicita the| dUsarA, isa tarka ke samarthana meM yUnAnI rAjadUta megasthanIja, jo 300 I. pU. caMdragupta maurya kI sabhA meM thA, ko "bhUgola" nAmaka gaMtha meM sTrebo ne isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai, "megasthanIja kahatA hai, ki jaba vaha seMDrokoTosa (caMdragupta maurya) ke darabAra meM thA, yadyapi zivira kI janasaMkhyA 40 hajAra thI, usane kisI dina bhI 200 dekhna se adhika mUlya kI vastuoM kI corI kI riporTa nahIM sunI, aura vaha bhI aise logoM ke bIca meM, jo 'alikhita kAnUnoM' kA hI prayoga karate haiM kyoMki" vaha Age kahatA hai, "unako lekhana kalA jJAna nahIM hai| aura vaha sabhI bAtoM ko smRti kI sahAyatA se niyamita karate haiM" megasthanIja kA yaha kathana azoka ke pUrva 15 sadiyoM taka abhilekhoM ko pUrva

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38 anekAnta / 55/1 anupalabdhi ke sAtha pUrNataH saMgata hai| vaha pramANita karatA hai ki bhArata ( pazcimottara pradezoM ko chor3akara) meM lekhana kalA kA astitva caMdragupta maurya ke yuga taka nahIM thA / isa prakAra ke caudaha tarka zrI rAma goyala ne prastuta kiye haiM / ' 44 pro. ela. sI. jaina dvArA nirdezita lekhoM meM (arhat vacana meM prakAzita ) isa saMbhAvanA kI abhivyakti bhI hai ki jo 'karma siddhAnta" digambara jainAcAryo ke pAsa zeSa rahA thA, use surakSita rakhane hetu bhadrabAhu aura unake ziSya caMdragupta maurya (muni prabhAcaMdra) ne bAraha varSa kI samAdhi kAla ke daurAna brAmhmI aura suMdarI kramazaH bhASA ke vyAkaraNa aura gaNita kI lipiyoM (aMka) kA AviSkAra kara lekha rUpa meM racita kI hoMgI, jinake do rUpa guNabhadrAcArya kRta kaSAya prAbhRta aura puSpadaMta bhUtabali AcArya kRta SaTkhaMDAgama ke rUpa meM anekAneka TIkAoM sahita tathA nemicaMdra cakravartI kRta 13 vIM sadI ke labdhi-sAra aura gommaTasAra tathA unakI TIkAoM sahita 13 vIM sadI taka karnATaka vRtti ke rUpa meM gaNatIya saMdRSTiyoM sahita hamAre sAmane upalabdha haiN| ukta sAhitya isa tathya kA sakSama va puSTa pramANa hai ki ina donoM lipiyoM kA AviSkAra azoka ke pUrva caMdragupta maurya kI dIkSA hone ke pazcAt dakSiNa meM zravaNa belagola para prAraMbha huA hogA jahAM se zeSa munisaMgha ko aura Age dakSiNa bhArata meM bar3hane ke lie AcArya bhadrabAhu ne nirdeza diyA thA / purAtAttvika pramANa saindhava har3appA sabhyatA meM milI muhareM, chApe, zilAlekho ke aMza Adi kucha aisI vastueM haiM jinakA sIdhA saMbaMdha bhagavAna RSabhadeva va zramaNa paraMparA se hai| -- 1928 I. meM khudAI se prApta eka muhara ( sI kraM. 620, jo ki kendrIya purAtAttvika saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai) meM " jaina viSaya evaM purAtathya ko eka rUpaka ke mAdhyama se isa khUbI ke sAtha aMkita / samAyojita kiyA gayA hai ki ve jaina purAtatava, itihAsa va paraMparA kI eka pratinidhi nidhi bana gae haiN"| isa sIla meM dAyIM ora nagna kAyotsarga mudrA meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva haiM, jinake zirobhAga para eka trizUla hai jo ratnatraya (samyagdarzana, samayagjJAna ora samyak cAritra) kA pratIka hai| Upara kI tarapha kalpavRkSa puSpAvalI tathA

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anekAnta/55/1 mRdulatA aMkita haiN| nikaTa hI natazIza haiM unake jyeSTha putra cakravartI bharata, jo uSNIya dhAraNa kie hue rAjasI ThATha meM haiN| ve bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM aMjalibaddha bhaktipUrvaka natamastaka haiN| unake pIche vRSabha (baila) haiM, jo RSabhadeva kA lAMchana (cinha) hai| adhobhAga meM sAta pradhAna amAtya haiM, jo tatkAlIna rAjasI gaNaveza meM padAnukrana se paMktibaddha haiN| paumacariyaM' chakkhaMDA-maMgalAyaraNa', AdipurANa' Adi kI kArikAoM/gAthAoM meM jo varNana milate hai, unameM tathA ukta sIla meM bimba-pratibiMba bhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai| ina vyAkhyAoM ke nirIkSaNa se isa taraha kI sIla yA mudrA ke pracalana kI vyApakatA kA mata majabUta hotA hai, kyoMki mohanajodar3o kI sIla meM aMkita AkRtiyoM tathA jaina sAhitya meM upalabdha varNanoM kA yaha sAmaya Akasmika nahIM ho sakatA avazya hI yaha eka avichinna paraMparA kI Thosa pariNati hai| muhara kI kalpavRkSa tathA mRdulatA kI AkRtiyoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra haido UrdhvagaM kalpavRkSa-zAkhAeM haiM puSpa-phala-yukta, mahAyogI RSabhadeva usase pariveSTita haiM, yaha bhakti-prApya phala kA dyotaka hai ' cakravartI bharata bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM aMjalibaddha praNAma mudrA meM natazIza haiN| komaladivyadhvani ke pratIka rUpa eka latA-parNa mukhamaMDala ke pAsa suzobhita hai| ' adhobhAga meM haiM, apane rAjakIya gaNaveza meM sAta maMtrI, jinake padanAma haiM 4 :-mAMDalika rAjA, grAmAdhipati, janapada-adhikArI, durgAdhikArI (gRhamaMtrI), bhaMDArI (kRSi vitta maMtrI), SaDaMga balAdhikArI (rakSAmaMtrI), mitra (pararASTra mNtrii)| siMdhaghATI se prApta kacha sIloM meM svastika (sAthiyA) bhI upalabdha hai, niSkarSataH tatkAlIna lokajIvana meM svastika eka mAMgalika pratIka thaa| sAthiyA jainoM meM vyApaka rUpa meM pUjya aura pracalita hai| 2 svastika jaina jIva-siddhAnta kA bhI pratIka hai| ise caturgati kA sUcaka mAnA gayA hai| jIva kI cAra gatiyAM varNita haiM: naraka, niryaca, manuSya aura dev| 'svastika' kA eka artha kalyANa bhI hai| paurANika paraMparA meM RSi aura mani - vaidika paraMparA kA Adarza puruSa RSi, tathA jainadharma ke niyama, AcAra va siddhAnta kA Adarza rIti se pAlana

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4n anekAnta/55/1 karane vAlA puruSa, mani kahalAtA hai| RSi zabda jahA~ pravRtti-parAyaNatA kA vAcaka hai, muni vahIM nivRtti-parAyaNatA kaa| purANoM ke pramANa se bramhAjI ne pralaya ke bAda prajA kI utpatti aura vedoM kI rakSA hetu eka manu aura sAta RSiyoM ko utpanna kiyaa| 10 ina saptarSiyoM ke pUrvavartI digaMbara jaina muni sanandana Adi kI utpatti bramhAjI ke sAtha hI bhagavAn ziva ke dvArA huii|| isa prakAra vaidika purANa svayaM hI muniyoM kA astitva RSiyoM se pUrva hI svIkArate haiN| vaidika sAhitya ke prAcInatama graMtha Rgveda meM na kevala muniyoM kA ullekha hai, balki unako yA unakI eka vizeSa zAkhA ko vAtarazanA muni kahakara unakI vRttiyoM kA vivaraNa bhI diyA gayA hai| 12 muniyoM ke sAtha "vAtarazanA" vizeSaNa, RSi pRthak vairAgya, anAsakti, maunAdi vRttiyoM vAle muniyoM ko vizeSa artha detA hai| vAta-razanA (vAyu-mekhalA) se artha hai jinakA vastra vAyu ho arthAt ngn| "vAtarazanA" jaina paraMparA meM nitAMta paricita zabda hai| jinasahastranAma meM isakA ullekha hai "digvAsA vAtarazano nirgranthajJonirambara:"-mahApurANa 25/204 ataH spaSTatayA, Rgveda kI racanA ke samaya digaMbara muni paraMparA vidyamAna, pratiSThita evaM stutya thii| isake bAda ke arthAt uttarakAlIna vaidika paraMparA meM vAtarazanAmuni pUrvavat sammAna pAte hue UrdhvaretA (bramhacArI) aura zramaNa nAmoM se bhI abhihita hone lage the| "vAtarazanA havA RSayaH zramaNAH Urdhvamathino vbhuuvH'|" padmapurANa (6/212) ke anusAra "tapa kA nAma hI zrama hai, ata: jo rAjA rAjya kA parityAga kara tapasyA se apanA saMbaMdha jor3a letA hai, vaha zramaNa kahalAne lagatA hai"| atharvaveda ke paMdrahaveM vrAtyakAMDa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana evaM vizleSaNa kara vidvAnoM ne niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki "vrAtya" jainoM ko hI saMbodhita kiyA gayA hai| 14

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anekAnta/55/1 41 purAtAttvika, bhASA-vaijJAnika evaM prAcIna sAhitya ke adhyayana - anuzIlana se vrAtya, zramaNa yA arhata saMskRti se dravir3a, asura, rAkSasa, mleccha, dAsa, nAga Adi prasiddha anArya jAtiyoM ke bhalI-bhAMti jur3e hone ke pramANa mile haiN| vaiSNava paraMparA ke mahAn graMtha zrI mad bhAgavat ke pA~cave skandha meM maharSi zukadeva ne RSabhadeva kI dezakAlAtIta mahimA kA guNagAna ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai : "bhagavAna paramarSibhiH prasAdito nAmaH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane merUdevyAM dharmAn darzAyatukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamanthinAM zuklayA tanuvAvatAra " 5/3/20 arthAt maharSiyoM dvArA prasanna kiye jAne para zrI viSNu mahArAja nAbhi kA priya karane ke liye unake aMta:pura meM merUdevI (marUdevI) ke garbha se UrdhvaretA, vAtarazana nagna zramaNa RSiyoM kA dharma saMkaTa prakaTa karane ke liye zukla arthAt zuddha nirmala satvamaya vigraha se prakaTa hue| pahale jaina tIrthaMkara kA RSabha nAmakaraNa, unake rAjya kA nAmakaraNa ajanAbha honA phira badala kara bhArata honA kramaza: pA~caveM skandha se hI 4/2, 4/2 evaM 4/9 meM spaSTatayA varNita hai| 15 aMta meM yadi purANoM aura graMthoM meM likhI gaI paMktiyoM meM unake lekhakoM / racatAo kI mUlabhUta vicAradhArA aura viSaya vastu ko khojA jAye to satya hI sAmane AtA hai| satya to digambara hI hotA hai| lekhana meM atizayokti va kAlpanika avadhAraNA rUpI AvaraNa kA upayoga tathya ko satya se dUra le jAtA hai| puna: - punaH AvazyakatA hai- zramaNa saMskRti ke prAcInatama upalabdha zilAlekhoM va lipiyoM kI pUrvAgraharahita samIkSA kii| saMdarbha sUcI 1. prophesara ela. sI. jaina (1) hInAkSarI aura ghanAkSarI kA rahasya, arhata - vacana, varSa-1(2), 11-16, 1998. ( 2 ) brAmhI lipi kA aviSkAra evaM AcArya bhadrabAhu munisaMgha ( arhata vacana 2 ( 2 ), 17-26) evaM 2 (3) 1-12, 1290. 93) kyA samrATa candra - gupta dakSiNa bhArata meM muni rUpa meM :

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anekAnta/55/1 brAmhI lipi ke AviSkAra meM sahayogI hue? 4(1) 13-20 janavarI 92. tathA 5(3), 155-171, julAI 93. 2. majUmadAra, klAsila ekAunTa oNpha iMDiyA, 210 3. zrI rAma goyala, prAcIna bhAratIya abhilekha saMgraha, khaNDa-1, pRSTha 18-27, jayapura 82 4. AcArya vidyAnanda, mohana jodar3o : jaina paramparA aura pramANa, RSabha saurabha 92, pRSTha 1-8 5. vimala sUri, paumacariyaM, 4/68-69 6. vIrasenAcArya, chakkhaMDA - maMgalAyAraNa, 1/1/25 7. jinasenAcArya, Adi purANa 24/73-74 8. vahI-15/36 evaM pArzvadeva samayasAra 7/96 9. arhadadAsa, purUdevacampU prabaMdha / / / 10. viSNu purANa 1/22/35 11. zaiva grantha, liMgapurANa 12. Rgveda 10/136/2 13. taitirIya AraNyaka 1/26/7 14. DaoN. phUlacanda premI, vrAtya aura zramaNa saMskRti, RSabha saurabha 92 pRSTha 70-81 15. upAdhyAya amara muni, bhagavAna RSabha deva : maharSi zukradeva kI dRSTi meM R. sau. 92 pRSTha 9-13 -ena, 14 cetakapurI, gvAliyara

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ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA -DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina mAnava jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM ahiMsA kA mahattva hai| cAhe vaha vaiyaktika, pArivArika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, zaikSaNika, Arthika, rAjanaitika, dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika ho, sabhI meM ahiMsA kI vizeSatA rahatI hai aura bAra bAra isake prayoga ke avasara upasthita hote haiN| yathA gaMgA nadI kI pratyeka lahara meM jala vyApta hai, usI prakAra mAnava jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM ahiMsA vyApta hotI hai| isake binA mAnava kA eka dina bhI kArya nahIM cala sakatA hai aura na calA hai| jahA~ bhI koI pArivArika samasyA upasthita huI, sAmAjika ApattiyA~ AnA zuru huI, dhArmika vivAda khar3e hue, Arthika ulajhana A par3I rAjanaitika saMgharSa kI AhaTa huI- sabhI ke samAdhAna ke lie manuSya ko ahiMsA kI hI zaraNa lenI par3atI hai| kyoMki ahiMsA hI sarvazreSTha hai, vahI jIvana kA sarvasva hai| isIlie ahiMsA kA guNagAna karate hue kahA haimAteva sarvabhUtAnAmahiMsA hitakAriNI, ahiMsaiva hi sNsaarmraavmRtsaarnniH| ahiMsA duHkhadAvAgni prAvaSSeNya ghanAvalI, bhavabhramirugArtAnAmahiMsA prmaussdhiiH|| __-yogazAstra prakAza 2 zloka 50-59 -ahiMsA mAtA ke samAna sabhI prANiyoM kA hita karane vAlI hai| ahiMsA saMsArarUpI marusthalI meM samasta prANiyoM kA hita karane vAlI hai| ahiMsA saMsArarUpI marusthalI meM amRta kI nadI hai| ahiMsA duHkharUpI dAvAnala ko vinaSTa karane ke lie varSAkAlIna meghoM kI ghanaghora ghaTA hai| ahiMsA bhavabhramaNarUpI roga se pIDita janoM ke lie uttama auSadha hai| "attA ceva ahiMsA" arthAta AtmA hI ahiMsA hai| AcArya zrI samantabhadra ne kahA hai ki "ahiMsA sampUrNa jagat meM sadbhAvanA, sahRdayatA, sahAnubhUti, janasevA aura dayA kA saMdeza dekara prANimAtra ke lie prakaTa rUpa meM paramabrahma hai|"| vaidika paramparA meM ise paramadharma kahA hai| yaha dharma kA prANa hai isake binA eka kadama bhI Age nahIM bar3hA jA sakatA hai|

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44 anekAnta/55/1 satya, asteya, brahmacarya, evaM aparigraha Adi sabhI vratoM kA samAveza ahiMsA meM ho jAtA hai| zramaNasaMskRti kA mUla svarUpa ahiMsA hai| isake binA na naitikatA jIvita raha sakatI hai aura na hI aadhyaatmiktaa| ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA siddha hai| kyoMki cAhe gRhastha ho yA sAdhu sarvaprathama ahiMsA kI pratijJA letA hai| isakI pratijJApUrvaka hI jIvana vikAsapatha para bar3ha pAtA hai| sAmAjika jIvana kA prathama kartavya ahiMsA hai| mAnava sabhyatA kA Adarza hai| Atmasiddhi ke liye anukUla kriyA-karma, japa-tapa, anuSThAna, tyAga vratAdi sabhI ahiMsA ahiMsA sabhI sukhoM kA srota rahI hai, isakI ArAdhanA se mAnava ne laukika aura pAralaukika sabhI prakAra kI sukha zAnti prApta kI hai| Aja bhI ahiMsA meM vahI zakti hai| mAnava ke jIvana meM klezoM aura kaSToM kA anta karane meM ahiMsA Aja bhI utanI hI sakSama hai, jitanI pUrvakAla me thii| yaha tabhI saMbhava hai, jaba ahiMsA kA pUrNa Adara kiyA jAya, use jIvana meM utArA jaay| mAnava ko mAMsa, madirA, madhu kA sarvathA tyAga karanA hI hogaa| hiMsA janya vyApAra kA tyAga karanA hI caahie| aise kisI bhI kArya ko jAnabUjhakara nahIM karanA cAhie, jisameM kisI prANI kA prANa haraNa kiyA jaay| __ ahiMsA ko tattvacintakoM ne cetanA vikAsa ke lie aparihArya mAnA hai unhoMne ise dharma kA svarUpa vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| ahiMsA lakSaNo dharmaH adharmaH prANinAM vdhH| tasmAd dharmArthibhirloke kartavyA prANinAM dyaa|| ahiMsA dharma kA lakSaNa, svarUpa, AdhAra yA mUlakendra jo kucha bhI kaheM, vaha saba hai| ahiMsA jIvana kA prakAza hai| ahiMsaka ko bhaya nahIM hotA usakA dhairya abhedya kile ke samAna rakSA karatA hai| satya pratipAdana meM vaha nirbhaya rahatA hai, koI prativAdI use parAsta nahIM kara sakatA saMsAra prapaJcoM meM nahIM phaMsatA hai, sarvapriya ho jAtA hai| saMsAra kA mitra bana jAtA hai samyaktva ke aMga vAtsalya upagUhana, sthitikaraNa aura zrAvaka ke vrata usake jIvana ke aMga ho jAte haiN| ahiMsaka vRtti vAle ko dharma aura dharmAtmAoM ke prati prIti-vAtsalya vinaya jAgrata rahatA hai| satata sAvadhAna rahatA hai|

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anekAnta/55/1 45 jisake citta meM hiMsA ke vicAra nahIM hai, use zera yA sAMpa Adi koI bhI hAni nahIM pahu~cAtA hai jisake hiMsaka bhAva hote hai, unhIM ke Upara siMhAdi krUra prANI bhI hamalA karate hai| ahiMsaka vRtti vAle vyaktiyoM ke samakSa hiMsaka se hiMsaka prANiyoM meM parivartana dekhA jAtA hai bhagavAn mahAvIra jaba muni avasthA meM RjukulA nadI ke taTa para sAdhanA meM lIna the tabhI eka siMha camarI gAya kA pIchA karatA huA udhara phuNcaa| gAya prANa rakSA hetu daur3a rahI thI ki usake pUMcha ke bAla jhAr3I me ulajha gye| bAloM ke ulajhane se vaha khar3I ho gayI kyoMki camarI gAya ko apane bAla prANoM se bhI adhika priya hote haiM siMha jyoM gAya ke pAsa pahu~catA hai to usakI dRSTi sAdhanA meM lIna mahAvIra para par3atI haiM, unheM dekhate hI usa hiMsaka vRtti vAle siMha kI vRtti badala gayI aura apane paMje se camarI gAya ke pUMcha ke bAloM ko sulajhA detA hai| yaha hai ahiMsaka kI bhAvanAoM ko prabhAva / isI prakAra ko prasaMga jayapura ke dIvAna amaracanda kA hai, vaha vratI the unhoMne mAMsa khilAne kA tyAga kiyA huA thaa| jaba cir3iyAghara ke zera ko mAMsa khilAne ke kAgajAta unake pAsa Aye to una kAgajo para AjJA nahIM dI / karmacAriyoM ne jaba kahA ki zera kA AhAra hI mAMsa hai, vaha anya kucha nahIM khAtA, taba dIvAna jI ne kahA maiM khilAUMgA aura agale dina vaha dUdha jalebI lekara niHsaMkoca zera ke piMjaDeM meM ghusa gye| zera ke sAmane dUdha jalebI rakhakara bole ki yadi bhUkhe ho to dUdha jalebI khA lo| hA~, yadi mAMsa hI khAnA hai, to khar3A hU~ sAmane, mujhe khA lo| maiM ukta prasaMgoM se spaSTa hai ki ahiMsaka bhAva yA vicAravAloM kA dUsaroM para kitanA prabhAva par3atA hai| ahiMsA kA siddhAnta sarvodayI hai| sarvodaya tIrtha meM ahiMsA kA sarvocca sthAna hai isameM mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika ahiMsAoM kA mahattva pratipAdita hai / jo samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, aura samyak cAritrarUpa abhyudaya ke kAraNoM kI utpatti vRddhi meM kAraNa hotA hai, vaha sarvodaya tIrtha hai| saMsAra meM jitane bhI dharma, paMtha, sampradAya yA mata hai, ve sacce artha meM dharma haiM yA nahIM, unameM dharma kA astitva hai bhI yA nahI? unameM dharma kA AdhAra hai

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46 anekAnta/55/1 yA nahIM? jitanI bhI paramparAeM yA mAnyatAeM haiM yA dharma saMsthAeM haiM ve bhI dharma se anuprANita haiM yA nahIM? ina sabakI pahacAna yA kasauTI ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA ke atirikta aura koI AdhAra nahIM, jo khaNDa-khaNDa hotI huI mAnava jAti ko ekarUpatA de sake yA eka sUtra meM grathita kara ske| vizva ke pratyeka prANI ko surakSA kA AzvAsana, sRjanAtmaka svAtantrya kA vizvAsa Atmaupamya dRSTimUlaka ahiMsA hI dilA sakatI hai| mAnavoM ke sAtha kalpita ina aupacArika bhedoM ko miTAkara sadbhAvanA sthApita karanA ahiMsA kA hI kArya hai| zivArya kA bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kahanA hai- "jisa prakAra aNu se choTI koI vastu nahIM hai| aura AkAza se bar3I koI vastu nhiiN| ThIka usI taraha vizva meM ahiMsA se bar3hakara anya koI vrata yA niyama nahIM hai|''(gaathaa. 784) zAnti kA hanana hiMsA tathA usakI rakSA karanA ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kAyaroM kA nahIM vIroM kA dharma hai| ahiMsaka kA hRdaya udAra to hotA hai para nirbhaya bhI hotA hai| ahiMsaka jIte jI zatru se hAra nahIM maantaa| ahiMsaka hRdaya prAyaH avasaroM para mauna rahatA hai| kintu jaba virodhI ke virodha kA avasara AtA hai to pASANa se bhI kaThora ho jAtA hai| dUsaroM ke tanika se kaSTa para usakA mana ro uThatA hai aura unakI rakSA ke avasaroM para siMhavRtti dhAraNa kara letA hai| AdhyAtmika kSetra me to ahiMsA kI anivAryatA hI hai isake binA AdhyAtmika gAti hI nahIM haiN| vyAvahArika jIvana ke jitane bhI pakSa haiM una sabameM ahiMsA kI mukhyatA hai| mAtA kI mamatA, pitA kA dulAra, bhaginI kA sneha, putra kI bhakti, rAjA kI suvyavasthA, AyAta-niryAta ke sAdhana, AvAgamana ke saMketa, rAjamAgoM para prakAza, caurAhoM para dizA nirdezaka. tela, moTara gAr3I, skUTara, sAIkila Adi kI lAla battiyAM Adi sabhI ahiMsA ke hI bhAga hai| ahiMsA meM alaukika vIratva bhI hai para usako pradhAnatA sAdhu ke jIvana meM hai jisake zatru bAhara ke pazu va manuSyAdi nahIM haiM balki ataraMga ke mAnasika vikAra haiM jinake sAtha vaha nirantara yuddha karatA rahatA hai| Aja mAnava jAti prakRti se haTakara vikRti kI aura bar3ha rahI hai| isI kA pariNAma hai paraspara kA dveSa bar3ha rahA hai| pratyeka mAnava eka dUsare ko vinaSTa karane para tulA huA hai| vinAza mAnava kA svabhAva nahIM vibhAva hai prakRti nahIM

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anekAnta/55/1 vikRti hai| svabhAva to sRjana hai| rakSaNa hai| jIvoM kI prakRti jIvita rahane kI hai jaisA ki AcArya kahate haiM savve jIvA vi icchaMti jIviuM Na marijiuM arthAt sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM chtaa| sabhI ko apanI jindagI ke prati pyAra hai| Adara va AkAMkSA hai| sabhI apanI sukha-suvidhAo ke lie satata prayatnazIla haiN| apane astitva ke lie sabhI saMgharSazIla haiN| jaisA maiM hU~ vaise sabhI prANI jIvana dhAraNa karane vAle haiM zAzvata siddhAnta ko sthApita karane vAlI ahiMsA ke sivAya dUsarA koI nahIM, yahI isakI sArvabhaumikatA/vyAvahArikatA hai| AcArya zivArya dvArA bhI kahA gayA hai jaha te na piyaM daHkhaM taheva tesiM pi jANa jiivaannN| evaM NaccA appokamio jIvesu hodi sdaa|| 777 -mUlArAdhanA jisa prakAra svayaM ko da:kha acchA nahIM lagatA usI prakAra dUsaroM ko bhI jAnanA caahie| sampUrNa prANiyoM ko apane samAna mAnanA yogya hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM bhI yahI bhAva pAyA jAtA hai- sabhI prANiyoM ko apane prANa priya haiM ve sukha kI icchA karate hai aura du:kha ko pratikUla mAnate hai| ve maraNa nahIM caahte| jIvita rahanA cAhate haiN| sabako jIvana priya hai dazavaikAlika meM bhI yahI kathana hai kisavve jIvA vi icchaMti jIviuM na mrijiiuN| tamhA jANavahaM ghoraM NiggaMthA bajjayaMti nnN| dazavaikAlika a0 6 gaathaa|| sabhI prANI jIvita rahanA cAhate haiM, maraNa nahIM cAhate haiM prANivadha ghora nindya kRtya samajhakara nirgrantha muni usase dUra rahate haiN| rAgAdibhAvoM se grasta honA pramAda kahalAtA hai| isIlie hiMsA aura pramAda rahita hone ko ahiMsA kahA hai| ahiMsA kA yathArtha svarUpa rAga, dveSa, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, bhIrutA, zoka, ghRNA Adi vikRta bhAvoM ko tyAga karanA hai| prANiyoM ke prANa nAza karane mAtra ko hiMsA samajhanA ThIka nahIM hai| tAttvika bAta to yaha hai ki yadi rAga, dveSa, moha, krodha, ahaMkAra lobha, mAtsarya Adi durbhAva vidyamAna haiM, to anya prANI ko ghAta na hote hue bhI hiMsA nizcita hai| yadi

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anekAnta/55/1 rAgAdi kA abhAva hai to prANighAta hote hue bhI ahiMsA hai jaisA ki zrI amRtacandra svAmI likhate haiM aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhvtyhiNseti| teSAmevotpattihiMseti jinAgamasya sNkssepH||44|| puruSArtha siddhyupAya rAgAdika kA aprAdurbhAva ahiMsA hai, rAgAdiko kI utpatti hiMsA hai| yaha jinAgama kA sAra hai| AcArya zrI amRtacandra ne jinake granthoM kI sarvaprathama saMskRta vyAkhyA likhakara yaza prApta kiyA, una AcAryavarya maharSi kundakunda ne likhA hai maradu jiyadu va jIvo ayadAcArassa NicchidA hiNsaa| payadassa Natthi baMdho hiMsAmitteNa smidss||217|| pravacana sAra jIva mare yA jIvita rahe, ayalAcArI ke hiMsA nizcita hai| yatnAcArI ke hiMsAmAtra se bandha nahIM hai| svayaM hiMsA svayameva hiMsanaM na tatparAdhInamiha dvayaM bhvet| pramAdahIno'tra bhavatyahiMsakaH pramAdayuktastu sadaiva hiNskH|| dhavalA pu. 4.5.6.93 pramAda hIna hI jIva rakSA kA prayatna kara sakatA hai| jIvoM kA maraNa ho yA na ho| ayatnapUrvaka pravRtti karatA hai vaha hiMsA karatA hai, jo yatna pUrvaka AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha ahiMsaka hotA hai| ayadAcArAM samaNo chassuvi kAyesu vadhakaroti mdo|| caradi jadaM jadi NiccaM kamalaM va jale nniruvlevo|| pravacanasAra 3/18 yatnAcAra rahita zramaNa chahoM kAryoM ke jIvoM kA vadha karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| yadi vaha yatnapUrvaka pravRtta hotA hai to jaise kamala jala se lipta nahIM hotA hai, vaise vaha hiMsA se lipta nahIM hotaa| hiMsA kA doSa mukhyarUpa se asAvadhAnI/pramAda yoga se hI hotA hai isIlie hiMsA kI paribhASA dete hue tattvArthasUtrakAra AcArya umAsvAmI likhate haiM"pramattayogAtprANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA" isa sUtra meM AcArya ne 'pramatta yoga' pada ko vizeSa rUpa se prayukta kiyA hai kyoMki yadi rAga-dveSa kA sadbhAva hai, bhale hI kisI jIva dhArI ke prANoM kA nAza na ho, kintu kaSAyavAn vyakti apanI

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anekAnta/55/1 49 nirmala manovRtti kA to ghAta karatA hI rahatA hai| ataH svaprANaghAtarUpa prANavyaparopaNa bhI pAyA jAtA hai| svaprANaghAta mahA pApa hI hai. hiMsA ko doSa to hai hii| yaha nizcita hai ki hiMsA aura ahiMsA bhAvoM kI apekSA avazya rakhatI hai| jaisA ki AcArya amRtacandrasUri ne bhI likhA hai "para padArtha ke nimitta se manuSya ko hiMsA kA raMca mAtra bhI doSa nahIM lagatA, phira bhI hiMsA ke AyatanoM kI nivRtti pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ke lie karanI cAhie" isase spaSTa hotA hai ki hiMsA kA anvaya-vyatireka azuddha tathA zuddha pariNAmoM ke sAtha hai| pariNAma/bhAva pUrNa ahiMsA ke mukhya rUpa se sAdhaka haiM kyoMki binA bhAva ahiMsA ke dravya ahiMsA kA pUrNa pAlaka sAdhaka mukti prApta nahI kara pAtA hai, paM. AzAdhara jI bho samajhAte haiM "yadi bhAva ke adhIna bandha mokSa kI vyavasthA na mAnI jAya, to saMsAra kA vaha kauna sA bhAga hogA, jahA~ pahu~ca mumukSu pUrNa ahiMsaka banane kI sAdhanA ko pUrNa karate hue nirvANa lAbha karegA? isase spaSTa hai ki loka ko koI bhI bhAga aisA nahIM hai, jahA~ pUrNadravya ahiMsaka raha sake kyoMki pratyeka sthAna para jIva rAzi hai kintu sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa sAdhaka pUrNa rUpa se bhAva ahiMsA kA pAlana kara hI parama lakSya siddha kara letA hai| gRhastha bhAva ahiMsA kA pUrNa pAlana nahIM kara sktaa| vaha kevala trasa prANiyoM kI hiMsA se virata hotA hai| vaha niraparAdha prANiyoM ko mana, vacana aura kAya sa na svaMva mAratA hai aura na dUsaro se maravAtA hai| vaha aisI koI bhI pravRtti nahIM karatA/karavAtA hai, jisase sthUlahiMsA kI saMbhAvanA ho| __ ahiMsaka gRhastha binA prayojana saMkalpapUrvaka tuccha prANI ko kaSTa nahI pahu~cAtA hai kintu dharma, samAja, parivAra kI rakSA hetu yA kisI viziSTa kartavyapAlana hetu nyAyavAn hokara astra-zastra ke prayoga karane se bhI mukha nahI mor3atA hai| AcArya somadeva ne bhI gRhasthoM ko virodhI hiMsA meM doSa nahIM khaa| virodhI hiMsA usa samaya hotI hai, jaba apane Upara AkramaNa karane vAle para AtmarakSArtha zastrAdi kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, jaise anyAyavRtti se koI dUsare rASTravAlA apane deza para AkramaNa kare, usa samaya apane Azrito kI rakSA ke lie saMgrAma meM pravRtti karanA, usameM hone vAlI hiMsA virodhI hiMsA

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50 anekAnta / 55/1 jIvana rakSArtha zarIra kA bharaNa-poSaNa karane ke lie AhAra -pAna Adi ke nimitta hone vAlI hiMsA ArambhI hiMsA hai| jo khetI vyApAra Adi jIvikA ke ucita upAyoM ko karane meM hotI hai vaha udyogI hiMsA hai| una hiMsAoM se eka gRhastha kisI bhI prakAra nahIM baca sakatA hai parantu use viveka pUrvaka hI kArya karanA caahie| viveka pUrvaka kArya karane se vaha hiMsA se baca sakegA aura ahiMsA kA pUrNa pAlana kara sakegA vaha jo bhI kArya karatA hai yA karavAtA hai usameM vaha pUrNa sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai ki kisI ko kaSTa na ho, kisI kI hiMsA na ho, kisI ke prati anyAya na ho| viveka pUrvaka pUrNa sAvadhAnI rakhane para bhI yadi kisI prANI kI hiMsA ho jAya to zrAvaka ke ahiMsA vrata kA bhaMga nahIM hotA haiN| ahiMsA ke abhAva meM jIvana kA astitva hI nahIM rahatA / jinendra vANI se zAzvata siddhAnta nikalA hai ki sabhI jIva sukha cAhate haiN| jInA cAhate hai| ataH kisI ko bhI duHkha denA aura mAranA apanA hI burA karanA / karAnA hai| yadi koI dUsare ko duHkha detA yA mAratA hai, to vaha apane ko hI duHkha detA / mAratA hai| prANimAtra kI rakSA karanA / abhaya denA / sabhI ko samAna dekhanA ahiMsA hai kisI sAhityakAra ne ahiMsA ko ina zabdoM meM bhI prastuta kiyA hai, "apane mana, vANI va zarIra ke dvArA tathA asAvadhAnI se kisI bhI prANI ko pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se kisI prakAra ko kaSTa na pahu~cAnA aura isI bhAvanA ke anurUpa apane nityakarma bahuta sAvadhAnI pUrvaka karanA ahiMsA hai| yaha pariNAmoM ko zuddha banAne vAlA rasAyana hai maryAdA yA vrata kA mukhya dvAra hai isaliye AtmakalyANArthI ko ahiMsA Adi vratoM meM dRDha hote hue saMsArI padArtho se moha mamatA kA tyAga kara mokSa mArga ko prazasta karanA caahie| yahI jIvana meM ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA hai| 1. ahiMsA bhUtAnAM jagati viditaM bRhamaparamam- bRhatsvayamm-stotra 2. ahiMsA paramo dharma - mahAbhArata - pravaktA, di. jaina kAleja, bar3auta

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jaina AcAra darzana : Arthika vyavasthA ke saMdarbha meM -DaoN. jinendra jaina yaha eka buddhigamya tathya hai ki jaba taka yojanAbaddha aura saniyaMtrita AdarzamUlaka vikAsa-patha kA sakriya anusaraNa mAnava-samAja dvArA na hogA, taba taka vAstavika utkarSa ke unnata zikhara para dRr3hatApUrvaka caraNa sthApita nahI kiye jA skeNge| aneka bhautika upalabdhiyoM ke bAda bhI, Aja mAnava vAstavika sukha se vaMcita hai| vAstavika sukha mAnava-jAti meM dharma artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa puruSArtha hai aura unakA Apasa meM sambandha hai| isIlie dharma ke sAtha artha rakhane kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki artha kA upayoga dharma dvArA niyantrita ho aura dharma artha dvArA pravRtyAtmaka bne| isa dRSTi se dharma-artha kA sambandha saMtulita arthavyavasthA aura samAja-racanA kA samAjavAdI dRSTikoNa sthApita karane meM sahAyaka banatA hai| dharma mAnava-jIvana kI AdhyAtmika evaM dhArmika zaktiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha sAmAjika vikAsa aura usake rakSaNa ke lie bhI Avazyaka vyavasthA detA hai| ataH samAja vyavasthA ke sUtroM ke dharAtala para dharma Arthika tatvoM se juDatA hai| jainadharma kevala nivRttimUlaka darzana nahIM hai, balki usake pravRtyAtmaka rUpa meM aneka aise tatva vidyamAna haiM, jinameM nivRtti aura pravRtti kA samanvaya hokara dharma ko lokopakArI rUpa prakaTa huA hai| isa dRSTi se jaina dharma jahAM eka ora aparigrahI, mahAvratadhArI anagAra dharma ke rUpa meM nivRttipradhAna dikhAI detA hai to dUsarI ora maryAdita pravRtiyA~ karane vAle aNuvratadhArI zrAvaka dharma kI gati-vidhiyoM meM samyak niyantraNa karane vAlA dikhAI detA hai| samAja-racanA ke samAjavAdI dRSTikoNa meM se donoM (anagAra evaM zrAvaka) varga sadA agraNI rahe haiN| samAja racanA meM rAjanIti aura arthanIti ke dharAtala para yadi jainadarzana ke ahiMsAtmaka svarUpa ko prayoga kareM to Adhunika yuga meM samatAvAdI dRSTikoNa ko sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne bhI Arthika kSetra meM TrasTIzipa kA

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anekAnta/55/1 siddhAnta AvazyakatAoM se adhika vastuoM kA saMcaya na karanA, zarIra zrama, svAdavijaya, upavAsa Adi ke jo prayoga kiye, unameM jainadarzana ke prabhAvoM ko sugamatA se rekhAMkita kiyA jA sakatA hai| jainadarzana kA mUla lakSya vItarAgabhAva arthAt rAga-dveSa se rahita samabhAva kI sthiti prApta karanA hai| samabhAva rUpa samatA meM sthita rahane ko hI dharma kahA gayA hai| samatA dharma kA pAlana zramaNa ke lie prati samaya Avazyaka hai| isIlie jaina paramparA meM samatA meM sthita jIva ko hI zramaNa kahA gayA hai| jaba taka hRdaya meM yA samAja meM viSama bhAva bane rahate haiM, taba taka samabhAva kI sthiti prApta nahIM kI jA sktii| samatAvAdI samAja-racanA ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki viSamatA ke jo kaI stara yathA-samAjika viSamatA, vaicArika viSamatA, Arthika viSamatA, dRSTigata viSamatA, saiddhAntika viSamatA Adi prApta hote haiM, unameM vyAvahArika rUpa se samAnatA honI caahie| samatAvAdI samAja racanA kI pramukha viSamatA Arthika kSetra meM dikhAI detI hai| Arthika vaiSamya kI jar3eM itanI gaharI haiM ki usase anya viSamatA ke vRkSoM ko poSaNa milatA rahatA hai| Arthika viSamatA ke kAraNa nijI svArtho kI pUrti se mana meM kaSAyabhAva jAgRta hote haiM phalataH samAja meM pAponmukhI pravRttiyA~ panapane lagatI haiN| loga aura moha pApoM ke mUla kahe gaye haiN| moha rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI (jIva) vyakti samAja meM pApayukta pravRtti karane lagatA hai| isalie inake naSTa ho jAne se AtmA ko samatA meM adhiSThita kahA gayA hai| samAja meM vyApta isa Arthika vaiSamya ko jainadarzana meM parigraha kahA gayA hai| yaha Asakti, artha-moha yA parigraha kaise TUTe, isake lie jainadharma meM zrAvika ke lie bAraha vratoM kI vyavasthA kI hai| samatAvAdI samAja racanA ke liye Avazyaka hai ki na mana me viSama bhAva raheM aura na pravRti meM vaiSamya dikhAI de| yaha tabhI sambhava hai jaba dhArmika aura Arthika stara para paraspara samatAvAdI dRSTikoNa ko apnaaeN| pratyeka manuSya ke sAmane vikAsa ke samAna avasara evaM sAdhana upalabdha hoMise samAjavAda kA mUlasiddhAnta mAnA gayA hai| mAnava-mAtra kI samAnatA samatAvAdI samAja kI racanA kA vyAvahArika lakSya hai| jaina darzana meM dhArmika preraNA se jo arthatantra ubharA hai, vaha isa dizA meM hamArA mArga darzana kara sakatA hai| ata: samatAvAdI samAja racanA ke lie jaina darzana ke saMdarbha meM nimnAMkita

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anekAnta/55/1 Arthika binduoM ko rekhAMkita kiyA jA sakatA hai: 1. ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA 2. zrama kI pratiSThA 3. dRSTi kI sUkSmatA 4. AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana 5. sAdhanazuddhi para bala 6. sarjana kA visarjana 1. mahAvIra ne samatA ke sAdhya ko prApta karane ke lie ahiMsA ko sAdhana rUpa batAyA hai| ahiMsA mAtra nakArAtmaka zabda nahIM hai balki isake vidhi rUpoM meM sarvAdhika mahattva sAmAjika hotA hai| vaibhavasampannatA, dAnazIlatA, vyAvasAyika kuzalatA, ImAnadArI, vizvasanIyatA aura prAmANikatA jaise vibhinna artha pradhAna kSetroM meM ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA ko apanAkara zreSThatA kA mApadaMDa siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| ahiMsA kI mUla bhAvanA yaha hotI hai ki apane svArtho, apanI AvazyakatAoM ko usI sImA taka bar3hAo jahAM taka ve kisI anya prANI ke hitoM ko coTa nahIM pahuMcAtI hoN| ahiMsA isa rUpa meM vyakti saMyama bhI hai aura sAmAjika saMyama bhii| 2. sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zrama kI bhAvanA sAmAjika stara para samAdhRta huii| isIlie mahAvIra ne karmaNA zrama kI vyavasthA ko pratiSThApita karate hue kahA ki vyakti karma se hI brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra banatA hai|' unhoMne janmanA jAti ke sthAna para karmaNA jAti ko mAnyatA dekara zrama ke sAmAjika stara ko ujAgara kiyA, jahAM se zrama arthavyavasthA se jur3A aura kRSi, gopAlana, vANijya Adi kI pratiSThA bddh'ii| jaina mAnyatAnusAra sabhyatA kI prArambhika avasthA meM jaba kalpavRkSAdi sAdhanoM se AvazkatAoM kI pUrti honA sambhava na rahA, taba bhagavAna ne asi, aura kRSi rUpa jIvikAvArjana kI kalA vikasita kI aura samAja kI sthApanA meM prakRti-nirbharatA se zrama janya Atma-nirbharatA ke sUtra die| yahI zramajanya

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54 anekAnta / 55/1 AtmanirbharatA jaina paramparA me Atma puruSArtha aura Atma-parAkrama ke rUpa meM phalita huii| ataH sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zrama evaM puruSArtha kI vizeSa pratiSThA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vyakti zrama se paramAtma dazA prApta kara letA hai| upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura kumbhakAra saddAlaputra kA jo prasaMga varNita hai, usase spaSTa hotA hai ki gozAlika kA AjIvaka mata niyativAdI hai tathA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA mata zrama niSTha Atma puruSArtha aura AtmaparAkrama ko hI apanA unnati kA kendra banAtA hai| 3. dharma ke tIna lakSaNa mAne gaye haiM- ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa / ye tInoM hI duHkha ke sthUla kAraNa para na jAkara duHkha ke sUkSma kAraNa para coTa karate haiN| mere duHkha kA kAraNa koI dUsarA nahIM svayaM maiM hI huuN| ata: dUsare ko coTa pahuMcAne kI bAta na socUM-yaha ahiMsA hai| mittI meM savvabhUesa' ise sArvajanika banAnA hogaa| apane ko anuzAsita karUM yaha saMyama hai| ataH dukhoM se udvelita hokara avicArapUrvaka hone vAlI pratikriyA na kruuN| ise parISaha jaya bhI kahate haiN| tathA duHkha ke prati svecchA se pratikUla paristhiti ko Amantrita karanA tapa hai| ata: ahiMsA, saMyama ora tapa rUpa ina tInoM utkRSTa maMgala ke prati hamArI pravRti sama rUpa rhe| apane Apako pratikUla paristhitiyoM kI usatA se mukta banAye rakheM aura saba prakAra kI paristhitiyoM meM apanA samabhAva banA rhe| kyoMki "samayA dhammudAhare muNI"" arthAt anukUlatA meM praphullita na honA aura prAtakUlatA me vicitalata na honA samatA hai| aisI sUkSma dRSTi rakhane para sAmAjika pravRtti samatApUrvaka kI jA sakatI hai| 4. Adhunika samAja kI racanA zrama para AdhArita hote hue bhI saMgharSa aura asantulana pUrNa ho gayI hai| jIvana meM zrama kI pratiSThA hone para jIvana - nirvAha kI Avazyaka vastuoM kA utpAdana aura vinimaya prArambha huA / artha - lobha ne pUMjI ko bar3hAvA diyaa| phalataH AdyogIkaraNa, yaMtravAda yAtAyAta, dUrasaMcAra tathA atyAdhunika bhautikavAda ke hAvI ho jAne se utpAdana aura vitaraNa meM asaMtulana paidA ho gyaa| samAja kI racanA meM eka varga aisA bana gayA jisake pAsa AvazyakatA se adhika pUMjI aura bhautika saMsAdhana jamA ho gaye tathA dUsarA varga aisA banA jo jIvana-nirvAha kI AvazyakatA ko bhI pUrA karane meM asamartha

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anekAnta/55/1 rhaa| phalasvarUpa zrama ke zoSaNa se bar3he varga-saMgharSa kI mukhya samasyA ne antarrASTrIya samasyA kA rUpa le liyaa| / isa samasyA ke samAdhAna meM samAjavAda, sAmyavAda jaisI kaI vicAra dhArAeM AyI, kintu sabakI apanI-apanI sImAeM haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne Aja se lagabhaga 2500 varSa pUrNa isa samasyA ke samAdhAna ke kucha sUtra die, jinake saMdarbha meM samatAvAdI samAja kI racanA kI jA sakatI hai| ye sUtra artha pradhAna hote hue bhI jaina dharma ke sAdhanA sUtra kahe jA sakate haiN| mahAvIra ne zrAvakavarga kI AvazyakatAoM evaM upayoga kA ciMtana kara hara kSetra meM maryAdA evaM parisImana pUrvaka AcaraNa karane ke lie 12 vratoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| jinake pAlane se dainika jIvana me AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana ho jAtA hai| parisImana ke ve sUtra hai:(ka) mahAvIra ne aparigraha kA siddhAnta dekara AvazyakatAoM ko maryAdita kara diyaa| siddhAntAnusAra samatAvAdI samAja racanA meM yaha Avazyaka ho gayA ki AvazyakatA se adhika vastuoM kA saMcaya na kreN| manuSya kI icchAeM AkAza ke samAne ananta haiM, aura lAbha ke sAtha hI lobha ke prati Asakti bar3hatI jAtI hai| kyoMki cAMdI-sone ke kailaza parvata bhI vyakti ko prApta ho jAyeM, taba bhI usakI icchA pUrI nahI ho sakatI ataH icchA kA niyamana Avazyaka hai| isa dRSTi se zrAvakoM ke lie parigraha-parimANa yA icchA parimANa vrata kI vyavasthA kI gayI hai| ata: maryAdA se vyakti Avazyaka saMgraha aura zoSaNa kI pravRtti se bacatA hai| sAMsArika padArtho kA parisImana jIvana-nirvAha ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kiyA gayA hai, ve haiM(1) kSetra (kheta Adi bhUmi) (2) hiraNya (cAMdI) (3) vAstu (nivAsa yogya sthAna) (4) suvarNa (sonA) (5) dhana (anya mUlyavAn padArtha) (Dhale hue yA ghI, gur3a Adi) (6) dhAnya (gehUM, cAvala, tila Adi) (7) dvipada (do paira vAle) (8) catuSpada (cAra paira vAle) (9) kupya (vastra, pAtra, auSadhi Adi)

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anekAnta/55/1 (kha) bhagavAna mahAvIra kA dUsarA sUtra hai- dikprimaannvrt| vibhinna dizAoM meM Ane-jAne ke sambandha meM maryAdA yA nizcaya karanA ki amuka dizA meM itanI dUrI se adhika nahIM jaauuNgaa| isa prakAra kI maryAdA se vRtiyoM ke saMkoca ke sAtha-sAtha mana kI caMcalatA samAgata hotI hai tathA anAvazyaka lAbha athavA saMgraha ke avasaroM para svaicchika roka lagatI hai| kSetra sImA kI atikramaNa karanA antarrASTrIya kAnUna kI dRSTi meM aparAdha mAnA jAtA hai| ata: isa vrata ke pAlana karane se dUsaroM ke adhikAra kSetra meM upaniveza basA kara lAbha kamAne kI yA zoSaNa karane kI vRti se bacAva hotA hai| isa prakAra ke vratoM se hama apanI AvazyakatAoM kA svaicchika parisImana kara samatAvAdI samAja racanA meM sahayoga kara sakate (ga) upabhoga-paribhoga pArimANa vrata- zrAvakoM kA eka anya vrata haiM dikparimANavrata ke dvArA maryAdita kSetra ke bAhara tathA vahAM kI vastuoM se nivRtti ho jAtI hai, kintu maryAdita kSetra ke andara aura vahAM kI vastuoM ke upabhoga (eka bAra upabhoga) paribhoga (bAra-bAra upabhoga) meM bhI anAvazyaka lAbha aura saMgraha kI vRtti na ho isake lie isa vrata kA vidhAna hai| jaina Agama meM varNita isa vrata kI maryAdA kA uddezya yahI hai ki vyakti kA jIvana sAdagI pUrNa ho aura vaha svayaM jIvita rahane kA sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ko bhI jIvita rahane ko avasara aura sAdha na pradAna kara skeN| vyartha ke saMgraha aura lobha se nivRtti ke lie ina vratoM kA vizeSa mahatva hai| (gha) diparimANa evaM upabhoga- paribhoga parimANa ke sAtha-sAtha dezAvakAzika vrata kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai| jisake antargata dina-pratidina upabhoga-paribhoga evaM dikparimANa vrata kA aura bhI adhika parisImana karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| arthAt eka dina-rAta ke lie usa maryAdA ko kabhI ghaTA denA, AvAgamana ke kSetra evaM bhAgarUopabhogya padArtho kI maryAdA kama kara denA, isa vrata kI vyavasthA me hai| zrAvaka ke lie dezAvakAzika vrata meM 14 viSayoM kA cintana kara pratidina ke niyamoM meM maryAdA kA parisImana kiyA gayA hai| ve 14 viSaya hai:

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anekAnta/55/1 57 sacitta davva viggaI, pannI tAmbUla vattha kusumesu| vAhaka sayala vilevaNa, bamma disi nAhaNa bhttesu||" ina niyamoM se vrata viSayaka jo maryAdA rakhI jAtI hai, usakA saMkoca hotA hai aura AvazyakatAeM utatarottara sImita hotA hai| ukta sabhI vratoM meM jina maryAdAoM kI bAta kahI gayI hai, vaha vyakti kI apanI icchA aura zakti para nirbhara hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne yaha nahIM kahA ki AvazyakatAeM itanI-itanI sImita hoN| unakA mAtra saMketa itanA thA ki vyakti svecchA pUrvaka apanI zakti aura sAmarthyavaza AvazyakatAoM - icchAoM ko parisImita va niyaMtrita kreN| jisase samatAvAdI samAja kA nirmANa kiyA jA ske| 5. sAdhana-zuddhi para bala dekara bhI samatAvAdI samAja kI racanA karane ke kucha sUtra mahAvIra ne die| aNuvratoM ke dvArA vyakti kI pravRtti na kevala dharma yA darzana ke kSetra vikasita hotI hai, balki Arthika dRSTi se bhI aNuvratoM kA pAlana samatAvAdI samAja racanA kA hetu sAdhana mAnA jAtA hai| sAdhana vRddhi meM viveka, sAvadhAnI aura jAgarUkatA kA bar3A mahatva hai| jainadarzana meM sAdhana zuddhi para vizeSa bala isalie bhI diyA gayA hai ki usase vyakti kA cAritra prabhAvita hotA hai| bure sAdhanoM se ekatrita kiyA huA dhana antata: vyakti ko durvyasanoM kI ora le jAtA hai aura usake patana kA kAraNa banatA hai| tapa ke bAraha prakAroM meM anazana UnodarI bhikSAcaryA aura rasa parityAga bhojana se hI sambandhita haiN| isIlie khAdya zuddhi saMyama prakArAntara se sAdhana zuddhi ke hI rUpa banate haiN| ahiMsA kI vyAvahArikatA kI taraha hI satyANuvrata evaM asteyANuvrata kA sAdhana-zuddhi ke saMdarbha meM mahattva hai| ye vibhinna vrata sAdhana kI pavitratA ke hI preraka aura rakSaka hai| apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie athavA arthAjana karane meM vyakti ko sthUla hitoM se bacanA caahie| satyANuvrata meM satya ke rakSaNa aura asatya se bacAva para bala diyA gyaa| vyakti apane svArtha ke lie kannAlAe (kanyA ke viSaya meM) gavAlIe (gau ke viSaya meM) bhomA lie

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58 anekAnta/55/1 (bhUmi ke viSaya meM) NAsAvahAre arthAt dharohara ke viSaya meM jhUTha na bole tathA (dUDasakkhije) jhUThI sAkSI na de| artha kI dRSTi se satyANuvrata kA pAlana korTa-kacaharI meM jhUThe dastAvejo meM bhraSTAcAra evaM rizvatakhorI meM nahI ho pAtA, kyoMki ina sabhI kSetroM meM artha kI pradhAnatA hone se asatya kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai| jisase samAja ke mUlya dhvasta ho jAte haiN| isIlie satyANuvrata samAja racanA kA AdhAra bana sakatA hai| ___ asteya vrata kI paripAlanA kA sAdhana zuddhatA kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahatva hai| mana, vacana aura kAya dvArA dUsaroM ke hakoM ko svayaM haraNa karanA, aura dUsaroM se haraNa karavAnA corI hai| Aja corI ke sAdhana sthUla se sUkSma banate jA rahe haiN| khAdya vastuoM meM milAvaTa karanA, jhUThA jamA-kharca batAnA, jamAkhorI dvArA vastuoM kI kImata ghaTA yA bar3hA denA ye sabhI karma corI ke haiN| ina sabhI sUkSma tarIkoM kI cauryavRtti ke kAraNa hI mudrA-sphIti kA itanA prasAra hai aura vizva kI artha vyavasthA usase prabhAvita ho rahI hai| ataH artha vyavasthA saMtulana ke lie AjIvikA ke jitane bhI sAdhana hai aura pUMjI kI jitane bhI srota haiM, unakA aura pavitra honA Avazyaka hai, tabhI hama samatAvAdI samAja-nirmANa kara sakate haiN| isI saMdarbha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne AjIvikA upArjana ke una kAryoM kA niSedha kiyA hai, jinase pApavRtti bar3hatI hai| ve kArya karmadAna kahe gaye haiN| ata: sAdhana zuddhi ke abhAva meM ina karmAdAnoM ko loka meM nindya batAyA gayA hai| inako karane se sAmAjika pratiSThA bhI samApta hotI hai| kucha karmAdAna haiM jaise1. iMgAlakarma ( jaMgala jalAnA) 2. rasavANijje (zarAba Adi mAdaka padArtho kA vyApAra karanA) 3. visavANijja (aphIma Adi kA vyApAra) 4. kesavANijje (sundara kezoM vAlI striyoM kA kraya-vikraya) 5. davaggidAvaNiyAkamena (vana jalAnA) 6. asaIjaNaNesANayAkamme (asAmAjika tatvoM kA poSaNa karanA Adi) 6. "arjana kA visarjana" nAmaka siddhAnta ko jaina darzana meM svIkArya dAna evaM tyAga tathA saMvibhAga ke sAtha jor3a sakate haiN| mahAvIra ne arjana ke sAtha-sAtha visarjana kI bAta khii| arjana kA visarjana tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba

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anekAnta/55/1 hama apanI AvazyakatAoM ko niyaMtrita evaM maryAdita kara lete haiN| svaicchika parisImana ke sAtha hI arjana kA visarjana lagA huA hai| upAsaka dazAMga sUtra meM dasa Adarza zrAvakoM kA varNana hai, jisameM Ananda, mandinIpita aura sAlihI pitA kI sampatti kA vistRta varNana AtA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki mahAvIra ne kabhI garIbI kA samarthana nahIM kiyaa| unakA prahAra yA ciMtana dhana ke prati rahI huI mUrchAvRtti para hai| ve vyakti ko niSkriya yA akarmaNya banane ko nahIM kahate para unakA bala arjita sampatti ko dUsaro meM bAMTane para hai| unakA spaSTa udghoSa hai"asavibhagINahu tasya mokkho'' arthAt jo apane prApta ko dUsaroM meM bATatA nahIM hai, usakI mukti nahIM hotii| arjana ke visarjana kA yaha bhAva udAra aura savedanazIla vyakti ke hRdaya meM hI jAgRta ho sakatA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM tugiyAnagarI ke zrAvakoM kA ullekha milatA hai jinake gharoM ke dvAra atithiyoM ke lie sadA khule rahate the| atithiyoM meM sAdhuoM ke atirikta jarUratamaMda logoM kA bhI samAveza hai| jainadarzana meM dAna aura tyAga jaisI janakalyANakArI vRttiyoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai| AvazyakatA se adhika saMcaya na karanA aura maryAdA se adhika jarUratamaMda logoM meM vitarita kara dene kI bhAvanA samAja ke prati kartavya va dAyitava bodha ke sAtha-sAtha janatAMtrika samAjavAdI zAsana vyavasthA ko janma denA kahI jA sakatI hai| dAna kA uddezya samAja meM UMca-nIca kAyama karanA nahIM, varan jIvana rakSA ke lie Avazyaka vastuoM kA samavitaraNa karanA hai| dAna kevala artha dAna taka hI sImita nahI rahA balki AhAradAna, auSadhadAna, jJAnadAna tathA abhayadAna ina rUpoM meM bhI dAna ko jaina dRSTikoNa se samajhAyA gayA hai| ataH artha kA arjana ke sAtha sAtha visarjana karake samAja ko nayA rUpa diyA jA sakatA hai| uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki jainadarzana meM jina Arthika tatvoM kA gumphana kiyA gayA hai, unakI Aja ke saMdarbha meM bar3I prAsaMgikatA hai aura dharma tathA artha kI cetanA paraspara virodhI ne hokara eka-dUsare kI pUraka hai|

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60 anekAnta/55/1 saMdarbha sUcI 1. samiyAe dhamme AriehiM pavedite-AcArAMgasUtra, 5/3/45 2. mUlAcAra 7/521 3. pravacanasAra 1/84 4. mohakkhohAvihINo pariNAmoM appaNo hu samo 1 -pravacanasAra 1/7 5. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 25/33 6. samaNasutaM - 86 7. dazavaikAlika 1/1 8. AcArAMgasUtra 9. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 9/48 10. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 9/48 11. (1) sacittavastu (2) dravya (3) vigaya (4) jUte (5) pAna (6) vastra (7) puSpa (8) vAhana (9) zayana (10) vilepana (11) brahmacarya (12) dizA (13) snAna (14) bhojana prAkRta evaM jainagama vibhAga jaina vizvabhAratI lADanUM (rAja.)

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jaina vidvattA : hAsa yA vikAsa ____ -DaoN. naMdalAla jaina iglaiMDa se prakAzita honevAlI patrikA 'jaina spiriTa' ke pichale do aMko meM eDinabaro vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta ke prophesara ke 'jaina sAhitya kI paraMparA evaM jaina vidvattA ke girate hue stara' para do lekha prakAzita hue haiN| ina lekhoM se jainoM ke viSaya meM pAzcAtya vicAradhArA kA anumAna to hotA hI hai, hameM bhaviSya ke liye mArgadarzana bhI milatA haiN| ve kahate haiM ki jainoM kA AdhyAtmika Agama sAhitya apanI TIkAoM evaM bhASyoM Adi ke mAdhyama se paryApta svayaM-samIkSAtmaka haiM ora prAraMbha meM yaha vidvAn sAdhuoM dvArA likhA gayA haiN| caudahavIM sadI taka jaina prAyaH abhijAta kulIna rAjA yA kSatriya hI the aura sAdhuoM ne kevala sAdhu-AcAra hI likhA yA sAdhutva kI ora bar3hane kI preraNA dene vAlA sAhitya likhA jisameM 'jJAtAdharmakathA' ke samAna kAvya-saudarya se bharA kathA sAhitya bhI hai| isake bAda jaina prAya: vyavasAyI ho gaye aura phalataH sAhitya kI dizA bhI badala gii| gRhasthoM ke AcAra para bhI sAhitya likhA jAne lgaa| lekina yaha sAhitya AdarzavAdI adhika hai aura bahUtere aMzo meM, nitAMta avyAvahArika hai| isa vivaraNa kA AdhAra mukhyataH zvetAMbara sAhitya hI hai| vastutaH lekhaka kA yaha kathana sahI nahI haiN| triloka prajJapti meM RSabha se lekara mahAvIra taka zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kI saMkhyA dI gaI hai, jo sAr3he cAra lAkha se sadaiva hI adhika rahI haiN| isameM abhijAta varga to alpa hI thA, anya varga hI prAyaH 99 pratizata thaa| tIrthakara inheM samucita caryA na batAte yaha kaise saMbhava thA? isIliye 'upAsaka dazA' aMga to zrAvaka ke viSaya meM hI haiM, anya Agama graMtho meM bhI zrAvaka kI caryA aura vratoM kA varNana haiN| hA~, svataMtra rUpa se zrAvakAcAra ke graMtha nahIM hoMge, para diMgabaroM meM samaMtabhadra kA ratnakaraMDazrAvakAcAra to prasiddha haiN| isakA aMgrejI anuvAda bhI 'mAnava dharma' ke rUpa sAmane AyA hai|

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62 anekAnta/55/1 uttaravartI kAla meM to aneka zrAvakAcAra likhe gye| inakA saMgraha jIvarAja graMthamAlA, solApura se prakAzita huA haiN| ___ madhyavartI yuga meM digaMbara paDitoM ne, terahavIM sadI meM AzAdhara ne evaM 15--16 vIM sadI meM banArasIdAsa aura ToDaramala ne kucha sAhitya likhaa| unhoMne paM. kailAzacaMdra zAstrI kA nAma lete hue yaha kahA hai ki pichale sau varSoM me pAThazAlAoM meM par3he hue digaMbara paMDitoM ne bahuta bauddhika kAma kiyA hai| lekina unakA kAma hindI meM hone se pazcima jagata ne use mAnyatA nahIM dii| sAtha hI, digaMbara jainoM kA adhyayana bhI, zvetAMbaro ke samAna gaMbhIratA se nahI kiyA gyaa| isaliye ve prAyaH vismRta se bane rhe| tathApi, ina paMDitoM ne pazcimI vidvAno ke samAna samIkSAtmaka evaM svataMtra vicArakatA kI dRSTi rahI hai| tathApi, aneka prazna aise haiM (jaise tatvArtha sUtra ke kartA athavA bhaktAmara stotra ke racayitA) jinameM sAMpradAyika dRSTikoNa bhI pAyA jAtA hai jise dUra karanA kaThina hI pratIta hotA haiM, isa dRSTi se, jaina vidvAnoM ke sAhitya kA adhyayana gaMbhIratA se karanA caahiye| phira bhI. videzI vidvAn yaha mAnate haiM ki jainoM ne do bAtoM ko pramANa mAnA hai- (1) Agama aura (2) trk| AgamoM ko tarka ke anurUpa honA cAhiye, para pramukhatA AgamoM kI hai| lekhaka ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki jainoM kI pratiSThA evaM sammAna ke liye bauddhika saMpadA ko samRddha karanA Avazyaka hai| abhI unakI pratiSThA kA mUla AdhAra prAcIna jaina bauddhika sAhitya hai| unhAne vartamAna jaina vidvattA ko purAtana vidvAnoM ke samakakSa nahI mAnA haiM, phalataH unake girate hue stara para nirAzA vyakta kI hai aura use unnata karane ke liye videza meM vizeSakara laMdana ko kendra banAkara use Arthika dRSTi se svAvalaMbI banAne kI AzA vyakta kI hai| isakI carcA karate samaya unhoMne paM. sukhalAlajI, mAlavaNiyAjI, becaradAsa jI, muni jaMbU vijaya, puNya vijaya yA jina vijaya jI kI vidvattA kI sarAhanA kI hai| ina vidvAnoM meM inake samakakSa kisI digaMbara vidvAn yA sAdhu kA nAma nahI hai| yaha digaMbara jainadharma ke prati pazcima kI anabhijJatA hI vyakta karatI haiN| hamAre yahAM bhI rASTrapati-sammAnita koThiyA jI, phUlacaMdajI, paM. mahendra kumAra

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anekAnta/55/1 jI, DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, DaoN. jyoti prasAda jI. DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye, aura AcArya jJAnasAgara jI ke samAna pUrva meM aura aba A. vidyAsAgara jI, gaNinI jJAnamatI jI, A. vizuddhimatI jI, rASTrapati sammAnita DaoN. rAjArAma, paM. padmacaMdra zAstrI, DaoN. ena. ela. jaina, paM. zivacaraNalAla jI, pro. udayacaMdra jaina ke samAna aneka vidvAn haiN| hA~, yaha bAta avazya hai ki Aja kI vidvattA--viSaya vizeSa se saMbaMdhita hotI haiN| sAhitya ke anuyoga vibhAjana ke bAda yaha pravRtti vikasita huI hai| zvetAMbaroM meM AcArya mahAprajJa, DaoN. DhAkI, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina Adi kI vidvattA ko hAsazIla mAnanA bhrAmaka haiN| ataH lekhoM ke lekhaka ko apanA mata saMzodhita karanA caahie| __ apane lekhoM meM lekhaka ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki unheM na to digaMbaroM kA sAhitya upalabdha haiM aura na hI pazcimI jagata meM unheM digaMbaroM ke viSaya meM koI batAnevAlA haiN| unhoMne yaha bhI saMketa diyA ki Aja kI vidvattA vyakti ke karizmA aura bhASaNa kalAbAjI ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gaI hai, jise pazcimI jagata meM unheM digaMbaroM ke viSaya meM koI batAnevAlA hai| unhone yaha bhI saMketa diyA ki Aja kI vidvattA vyakti ke karizmA aura bhASaNa kalAbAjI ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gaI hai, jise pazcimI jagat svIkAra nahIM krtaa| phira bhI isa bindu para vidvAnoM ko vicAra karanA cAhiye aura apanI vidvatA ko zodhamukhI banAnA caahiye| isa saMkSipta lekhasAra se yaha spaSTa haiM ki pazcima meM digaMbara jaina dharma ke paricaya, adhyayana evaM zodha ko protsAhita karane ke liye nimna vAteM dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye : 1. pazcima meM digaMbara jainadharma ke prati bhayaMkara ajJAna hai| 2. isakA kAraNa hai ki unakA sAhitya abhI pazcima meM nahIM pahuMcA hai| digaMbara vidvAn (jise pazcima vidvAn mAne) isa viSaya meM aMgrejI meM zodhapatrAdi prakAzita nahIM karate aura na hI antarrASTrIya saMgoSThiyoM meM, Arthika samasyA ke kAraNa, bhAga le pAte haiN|

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anekAnta/55/1 3. zvetAbaroM ke prAyaH sabhI Agama graMtha aMgrejI aura kucha anya bhASAoM meM anUdita hokara sarvatra pahuMca cuke haiN| durbhAgya se, kisI bhI digaMbara Agamatulya graMtho SaTkhaMDAgama, kaSAyapAhuDa, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA Adi ke anuvAda abhI bhI achUte hI haiN| (A. kuMdakuMda ke graMtha apavAda haiM) kahate haiM ki SaTkhaMDAgama ko maTha se prApta karane aura usake anuvAda tathA prakAzana kI prakriyA meM prAyaH sau varSa laga gaye the| kyA diMgabara samAja aba bhI itanI hI jaDa banI rahegI? eka bAra maiMne eka digaMbara jainAcArya se isa viSaya kI carcA kI thI aura unheM eka jaina vizvabhAratI se prakAzita saTippaNa dazavaikAlika bhI bheMTa kiyA thA, para mujhe lagatA haiM ki unhoneM usI manovRtti kA paricaya diyA hai, jisameM pazcimI vidvAnoM ne manoraMjaka bhASA meM kahA haiM ki digaMbaroM ko Agama lopa kI mAnyatA kA AdhAra unakI yaha mAnyatA hai ki yadi Agama raheMge, to unakI kRtiyAM kauna par3hegA ? yadyapi yaha satya nahIM haiM, phira bhI kahIM na kahIM karArI coTa to hai hii| astu, merA sujhAva yaha hai ki digaMbara saMsthAoM aura dAnI vyaktiyoM kI ora se yaha kArya jitanI jaldI ho, prAraMbha karanA/karAnA cAhiye evaM use pazcimI vidvAnoM ko bhejanA caahiye| isa lekhaka ne isa dizA meM aba taka tIna lAkha kA sAhitya 50 vidvAnoM evaM saMsthAoM ko bhejA hai| yaha bhI prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai ki dhavalA, rAjavArtika Adi graMthoM kA anuvAda kiyA jaay| para isa kArya meM use kahIM se bhI sakriya preraNA nahIM mila rahI hai| 4. yaha bhI Avazyaka hai ki vibhinna aMtarrASTrIya goSThiyoM meM 1-2 vidvAnoM ko avazya bhejanA cAhiye jo digaMbara jaina dharma ke vividha pakSoM para zodhapatra/bhASaNa de skeN| 5. Ajakala sAdhuvarga dvArA mArgadarzita vibhinna bahu-AyAmI bahu-koTi vyayI yojanAyeM calAI jA rahI haiM, jisake viSaya meM paryApta alocanAyeM ho rahI haiN| phira bhI, uparokta samasyA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara sAdhujanoM se isa dizA meM bhI kucha mArganirdeza karane ke liye nivedana karanA caahiye|

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zvetAMbara pratiSThAoM meM Aya kA 15 pratizata zaikSika evaM akAdamika kAryoM meM vyaya kiyA jAtA hai| kyA sAdhujana tIrtho kI yA dhArmika AyojanoM kI Aya kA kama se kama 10 pratizata bhI isa kArya meM upayoga ke liye prerita nahIM kara sakate? digaMbara samAja meM prAya: 100 pratiSThAyeM prativarSa hotI haiM jinakI ausata Aya pAMca lAkha mAnanI caahiye| isa AdhAra para jainadharma ke vizvIya saMvardhana ke aise kArya ke liye prativarSa 50 lAkha rupaye taka upalabdha ho sakate haiN| pratiSThAcArya bhI isa dizA meM preraNA aura yogadAna kara sakate haiN| isa saMbaMdha meM maine apane eka lekha (jaina gajaTa, akTUbara, 2000) meM bhI saMketa diyA thaa| ina lekhoM se usakI puSTi hotI haiN| eka yojanA bhI sujhAI thii| para 'digaMbaratva' kA artha hI haiM, "UrdhvadizA meM uDanA, jamIna se Upara rahanA" phira bhI, mahattA dUsaroM ke dvArA AMkI jAtI hai, yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA caahiye| aMtarmukhI evaM vyaktivAdI dharma dUsaroM ke matoM kA kyoM sammAna kare? phira bhI, eka udAharaNa sAmane AyA hai ki dillI ke zrI Ara. pI. jaina ne amarIkA ke eka prophesara ko digaMbara dharma ke adhyayana ke lie protsAhita kiyA aura unhone jayapura meM dyAnatarAya kI pUjAoM para kucha kAma bhI kiyA hai| (mahAvIra jayatI smArikA, 2001) / para ise apavAda hI samajhanA caahiye| kyA hamAre samAja kA netRvRMda yA sAdhuvRMda bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janmotsava varSa meM isa ora dhyAna degA? -jaina kendra rIvaoN, (ma.pra.)

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552 anekAnta madara-es HARE PREVIE - nsiddhsthit A vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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vIra sevA maMdira | kA traimAsika pravartaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM - kahA~/kyA? | apanI mudhi bhRli Apa / ? sampAdakIya 3 bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma sthAna - DaoN RSabhacandra jaina 'phojadAra" varSa-55, kiraNa ? apraila-jUna 2002 sampAdaka : | DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 261/3, paTela nagara mujaphpharanagara (upra) phona : (0131) 603730 parAmarzadAtA : | paM padamacandra zAstrI samthA kI AjIvana sadasyatA 1100/ vArSika zulka 30 - isa aMka kA mUlya 10. sadasyoM va madirA ka lie ni:zulka + AcArya jinasena kI dRSTi me bhogavAda ke duSpariNAma DaoN mRgajamukhI jana 5 AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara kRta "makamATI'' me abhivyakta samAjavAdI vicAra DaoN marendra kumAra jaina ' bhAratI'' / ( mahAkavi vIra "jabamAmi cariu' -DaoN prakAzacandra jena 7 RSabha nagara (maramalagaja ) kA jaina mandira mugzacandra jana bAgaliyA 10 prakAzaka . bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, NDavAphaTa 8 samavasaraNa eka vimarza ___ - mamaNI magalaprajJA mAsTara prinTarma 110032 vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lakhaka apane vicArA ka lie svatantra haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahI ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho| isameM prAyaH vijJApana evaM samAcAra nahIM lie jaate| vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI -110002, dUrabhASa : 3250522 saMsthA ko dI gaI sahAyatA rAzi para dhAga 80-jI ke atargata Ayakara me chuTa (raji Ara 105491, (62)

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apanI sudhi bhUli Apa - paNDitapravara daulatarAma apanI sudhi bhUli Apa, Apa dukha upAyau / zuka nabha cAla visari, nalinI laTakAyau // apanI // cetana aviruddha zuddha, daraza bodhamaya vizuddha / taji jaDa rata pharasa rUpa, pudgala apanAyau // apanI. // indriya sukha dukha meM nitta, pAga rAga rukha meM citta / dAyaka bhava vipati vRnda, bandha kau bar3hAyau // apanI // cAha dAha dAha, tyAgau na tAha cAhe / samatA sudhAna gAhai, jina prakaTa jo batAyau // apanI // mAnuSa bhava sukula pAya, jinavara zAsana lahAya / "daula" nija svabhAva bhaja, anAdi jo na dhyAyau | apanI. //

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sampAdakIya digambara jaina zAstroM meM vaizAlI bhagavAn mahAvIra kI nanihAla ke rUpa meM varNita hai| vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka mahAvIra kI mAtA priyakAriNI (trizalA) ke pitA the| rAjA ceTaka ke dasa putra aura sAta putriyA~ thiiN| inameM se do putriyoM ne vivAha na karake dIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| (zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra ceTaka mahAvIra kI mAtA ke bhAI mAne gaye haiN|) ataeva bhagavAn mahAvIra se gaharA saMbandha hone ke kAraNa vaizAlI meM unake prati agAdha AsthA kA honA svAbhAvika hI hai| jaina vAD.maya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janmasthAna videha deza meM kuNDapura yA kuNDalapura ke nAma se ullikhita huA hai| AcArya pUjyapAdakRta nirvANa bhakti, AcArya jinasenakRta harivaMzapurANa, AcArya guNabhadrakRta uttarapurANa, mahAkavi asagakRta varddhamAnacarita, dAmanandikRta purANasArasaMgraha, vibudha zrIdhara kRta vaDDhamANacariu, paM. AzAdharakRta triSaSTismRtizAstra Adi granthoM meM kuNDapura tathA bhaTTAraka sakalakIrtikRta vIravardhamAna carita, mahAkavi padmakRta mahAvIrarAsa tathA pazcAdvartI sAhitya meM prAyaH kuNDalapura kA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai| bihAra meM nAlandA jilA mukhyAlaya se 3 ki. mI. dUra bar3agA~va nAmaka eka gA~va hai, isa gA~va ke bAhara eka prAcIna jinAlaya hai, jo kuNDalapura nAma se prasiddha hai tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnA jAtA rahA hai| suprasiddha jaina vidvAn paM. balabhadra jI ne 1975 I. meM prakAzita 'bhArata ke digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra' meM isa kuNDalapura ke viSaya meM likhA hai "kuNDalapura bihAra prAnta ke paTanA jile meM sthita hai| yahA~ kA posTa Aphisa nAlandA hai aura nikaTa kA relave sTezana bhI nAlandA hai| yahA~ bhagavAna mahAvIra ke garbha, janma aura tapa kalyANaka hue the, isa prakAra kI mAnyatA kaI

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6934 anekAnta/55/2 zatAbdiyoM se calI A rahI hai| yahA~ para eka zikharabanda mandira hai, jisameM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI zvetavarNa kI sAr3he cAra phuTa avagAhanA vAlI bhavya padmAsana pratimA virAjamAna hai| yahA~ vArSika melA caitra sudI 12 se 14 taka mahAvIra ke janmakalyANaka ko manAne ke lie hotA hai|" gata chaha dazakoM meM kuNDagrAma, vAsukuNDa (vAsokuNDa) vaizAlI ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI mAnA jAtA rahA hai| yadyapi paM. sumeracandra jaina divAkara Adi kucha jaina vidvAn isase apanI sahamati nahIM banA pAye tathApi paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI evaM DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina Adi ne vaizAlI ko janmasthalI mAnane meM apanI sahamati vyakta kI hai| 31 mArca 1945 I. ko mujaphpharapura jile ke basAr3ha gA~va ko vaizAlI ke rUpa meM uddhAra karane ke lie bihAra sarakAra ke tatkAlIna zikSA saciva zrI jagadIzacandra mAthura, DaoN. yogendra mizra, zrI jagannAtha prasAda sAhU Adi ne milakara eka vaizAlI saMgha nAmaka saMgaThana kI sthApanA kI tathA jana sahayoga se yahA~ tIrthakara mahAvIra ke nAma para eka hAI skUla kI sthApanA kii| isa saMgha ke prayAsoM ke phalasvarUpa 3 varSa bAda 21 apraila 1948 I. ko basAr3ha gA~va meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmajayantI kA prathama bAra Ayojana kiyA gyaa| isa samAroha meM jariyA bhUmihAroM ne bar3ha-car3hakara bhAga liyaa| bAda meM vaizAlI saMgha aura bihAra sarakAra kI ora se prativarSa mahAvIra jayantI manAI jAne lgii| vaizAlI saMgha ne 1955 I. meM vaizAlI meM eka risarca insTITyUTa kI sthApanA kii| isakI sthApanA meM sAhU zAnti prasAda jaina kA mahanIya avadAna rahA hai| 1951 I. meM sthApita 'vaizAlI kuNDapura tIrtha prabandhaka kamaTI' na vaMzAlI meM jaMna bihAra nAmaka eka dharmazAlA banavAI tathA yahA~ se lagabhaga : ki mAM kI dUrI para bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmasthalI ko pracArita-prasArita kiyaa| pariNAma svarUpa gata AdhI sadI meM yaha sthAna bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAna liyA gyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI 2600 vIM janma-jayantI ke upalakSya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA eka vizAla evaM bhavya smAraka vaizAlI meM nirmANAdhIna hai| sampUrNa jaina samAja ko isakA svAgata karanA caahie| pUjya jJAnamatI mAtA jI ke prayAsa

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anekAnta/55/2 se kuNDalapura (nAlandA) kA vikAsa ho, isakA bhI kahIM se virodha nahI honA caahie| hA~, purAtattvavidoM, itihAsajJoM tathA paramparAgata jaina vidvAnoM ko mila-baiThakara bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI sarvasammati se eka svIkAra kara lenA cAhie cAhe vaha vaizAlI kA kuNDagrAma/vAsokuNDa ho yA nAlandA kA kunnddlpur| kahIM aisA na ho ki vivAdoM kI yaha pravRtti bar3hatI hI jAve aura hamAre sabhI tIrthakSetra anya-anya sthAnoM para kalpita kara liye jaayeN| anekAnta ke gata aMka 55/1 meM AryikA zrI candanAmatI mAtA jI kA eka Alekha "bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kuNDalapura-eka vAstavika tathya" prakAzita kiyA thaa| prastuta aMka meM DaoN. RSabhacandra jaina 'phaujadAra' kA "bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janmagthAna" Alekha prakAzita kara rahe haiN| donoM ne apane-apane samarthana meM pramANa diye haiN| sudhI manISiyoM se vinamra nivedana hai ki ve inheM dekhakara tathA anya zAstrIya, purAtAttvika evaM aitihAsika pramANoM ke AdhAra para bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmasthalI kA sarvasammata nirNaya khojeM tAki anAvazyaka saMbhAvita vivAda ko rokA jA ske| -jayakumAra jaina

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bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma-sthAna gata aMka meM AryikA candanAmatI jI kA eka lekha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke sandarbha meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| usI kar3I meM kuNDalapura ke viSaya meM hI prastuta lekha vicArArtha prastuta hai sampAdaka -DaoN. RSabhacandra jaina "phaujadAra" bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600 veM janma kalyANaka mahotsava varSa ke prasaMga meM pUrA rASTra evaM jaina samAja, sAmUhika tathA ekala rUpa meM aneka kAryakrama Ayojita kara rahA hai| aise samaya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janma sthAna ke sambandha meM bhrama paidA karanA jaina samAja ke lie zubha lakSaNa nahIM hai| isI varSa maI-2001 ke 'samyagjJAna', apraila-jUna-2001 ke 'arhat vacana' aura disambara-2001 ke "jaina mahilAdarza' meM "bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kuNDalapura" zIrSaka lekha prakAzita huA hai, jo prajJAzramaNI AryikA candanAmatI mAtA jI dvArA likhita hai| punaH pharavarI-2002 ke 'samyajJAna' ke ukta mAtA jI kA hI "bajI kuNDalapura meM badhAI, vaizAlI kahA~ se AI" zIrSaka lekha bhI chapA hai| ukta lekhoM meM pUjya mAtA jI ne magadhadeza ke "kuNDalapura" ko videha kA siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai, jo ucita nahIM hai| isI prasaMga meM merA yaha vinamra prayAsa hai| yahA~ bhagavAn mahAvIra ke janma sthAna se sambaddha zAstrIya uddharaNa mUlarUpa meM hindI anuvAda ke sAtha prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| 1. siddhArthanRpatitanayo bhAratavAsye videhkunnddpure| devyA priyAkAriNyAM susvapnAn saMpradarzya vibhuH|| -AcArya pUjyapAda (5 vIM zatI I.) nirvANabhakti, padya-4. "bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIva bhAratavarSa meM videha (deza) ke kuNDapura nagara meM uttama svapnoM ko dikhAkara priyakAriNI devI aura siddhArtha rAjA kA putra huaa|"

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anekAnta/55/2 2. atha dezo'sti vistArI jambUdvIpasya bhaarte| videha iti vikhyAtaH svargakhaNDasamaH shriyH|| 2/1 ttraakhnnddlnetraaliipdminiikhnnddmnnddlm| sukhAmbhaH kuNDabhAbhAti nAmnA kuNDapuraM purm|| 2/5 -jinasena (8 vIM zatI I.) harivazapurANa, 2/1 evaM 5.pR.12. "athAnantara isa jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM lakSmI se svarga-khaNDa kI tulanA karane vAlA, videha isa nAma se prasiddha eka bar3A vistRta deza hai| usa videha deza meM kuNDapura nAma kA eka aisA sundara nagara hai, jo indra ke netroM kI paMktirUpI kamaliniyoM ke samUha se suzobhita hai tathA sukharUpI jala kA mAno kuNDa hI hai|" 3. tsminssnnmaasshessaayussyaanaakaadaagmissyti| bharate'sminvidehAkhye viSaye bhvnaaNgnne|| rAjJaH kuNDapurezasya vsudhaaraapttprthu| saptakoTimaNiH sArdhA siddhArthasya dinmprti|| -AcArya guNabhadra (9 vI zatI I.), uttarapurANa. 74/251-52. pR.460 "jaba usakI Ayu chaha mAha kI bAkI raha gaI aura vaha svarga se Ane ko udyata huA taba isI bharata kSetra ke videha nAma ke deza sambandhI kuNDapura nagara ke rAjA siddhArtha ke bhavana ke A~gana meM pratidina sAr3he sAta karor3a ratnoM kI bar3I moTI dhArA barasane lgii|" videhaviSaye kuNDasaMjJAyAM puri bhuuptiH|| nAtho nAthakUlasyaika: sidvaarthaakhystrisiddhibhaak| tasya puNyAnubhAvena priyaasiitpriykaarinnii|| vahI, 75/7-8. "videha deza ke kuNDa nagara meM nAthavaMza ke ziromaNi evaM tInoM siddhiyoM se sampanna rAjA siddhArtha rAjya karate the| puNya ke prabhAva se priyakAriNI unhIM kI strI huI thii|" 4. zrImAnatheha bharate svayamasti dhAtryA puMjIkRto nija ivaakhilkaantisaarH| nAmnA videha iti digvalaye samaste khyAtaH paraH janapadaH pdmunntaanaam||

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anekAnta/55/2 tatrAstyadho nikhilavastvavagAhayuktaM bhAsvatkalAdharabudhaiH saMvRSaM satAram / adhyAsitaM viyadiva svasamAnazobhaM khyAtaM puraM jagati kuNDapurAbhidhAnam / / unmIlitAvadhidRzA sahasA viditvA tajjanma bhakti bharataH praNatottamAMgAH / ghaNTA ninAda samavetanikAyamukhyA diSTayA yayustaditi kuNDapuraM surendrAH || - asaga (10 vIM zatI I.), varddhamAnacarita, 17/1, 7, 61 7 44 'athAnantara isI bharatakSetra meM eka aisA lakSmI sampanna deza hai jo pRthivI kI svayaM ikaTThI huI apanI samasta kAntiyoM kA mAnoM sAra hI hai, jo samasta dizAoM meM videha isa nAma se prasiddha hai, tathA uttama manuSyoM ke rahane kA utkRSTa sthAna hai| " " tadanantara usa videha deza meM kuNDapura nAma kA eka jagat-prasiddha nagara thA jo svasadRza zobhA se sampanna hotA huA AkAza ke samAna suzobhita ho rahA thA, kyoMki jisa prakAra AkAza samasta vastuoM ke avagAha se yukta hai, usI prakAra vaha nagara bhI samasta vastuoM ke avagAha se yukta thaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki " AkAzasyAvagAha : " isa Agama vAkya se jisa prakAra AkAza, jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ina chaha dravyoM ko avagAha detA hai, usI prakAra vaha nagara bhI saMsAra ke samasta padArthoM ko avagAha detA thA - usameM saMsAra ke samasta padArtha pAye jAte the| jisa prakAra AkAza- bhAsvat-sUrya, kalAdhara - candramA aura budha grahoM se adhyAsita - adhiSThita hai usI prakAra vaha nagara bhI bhAsvatkalAdhara budhoM daidIpyamAna kalAoM ke dhAraka vidvAnoM se adhiSThita thA isa sabakA usameM nivAsa thaa| jisa prakAra AkAza savRSa-vRSa rAzi se sahita hotA hai, usI prakAra vaha nagara bhI savRSa - dharma se sahita thA va jisa prakAra AkAza satAra - tArAoM se sahita hai usI prakAra vaha nagara bhI satAra - cA~dI, taruNa puruSa, zuddha motI athavA motiyoM Adi kI zuddhi se sahita "" thaa| -- "khule hue avadhijJAna rUpI netra ke dvArA zIghra hI jina bAlaka kA janma jAnakara bhakti ke bhAra se jinake mastaka jhuka gaye the tathA jinake mukhya bhavana ghaNTA ke zabda se zabdAyamAna ho rahe the| aise indra usa samaya saubhAgya se kuNDapura Aye / "

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8 athA'smin bhArate varSe videheSu maharddhiSu / AsItkuNDapuraM nAmnA puraM surapurottamam // -dAmanandi (11 vIM zatI I) purANasArasaMgraha - 2, vardha. ca. 4 / 1, pR. 188. "" 5. 'athAnantara - isI bharata kSetra meM videha nAma kA samRddhi - zAlI deza hai, vahAM devoM ke nagaroM se bhI bar3hakara kuNDapura nAma kA nagara thA / " 6. Nivasai videhu NAmeNa desu khayarAmarehiM suhayara-pae / tahiM Nivasa kuMDapurAhihANu purudhaya-caya-jhaMpive - tivva bhANu / / anekAnta/55/2 - vibudha zrIdhara (12 vIM zatI I.) vaDDhamANa cariu, 9/1 pR 198-99 " usI bhAratavarSa meM vidyAdharoM aura amaroM se suzobhita pradeza-vAlA videha nAmaka eka suprasiddha deza hai, jahA~ sundara dhArmika loga rahate haiN| " usI videha deza meM kuNDapura nAmaka eka nagara hai, jisane apanI dhvajA samUha se tIvra bhAnu ko Dhaka diyA thA / " 7. cutvA videhanAthasya siddhArthasyAD gajo'jani / so'tra kuNDapure zakraH kRtvAbhiSavaNAdikam || - pa. AzAdhara (13 vIM zatI I), triSaSTismRtizAstra, 24 / 24 pR. 153. " puSpottara vimAna (svarga) se cyuta hokara videha deza ke rAjA siddhArtha va priyakAriNI ke garbha se kuNDapura meM mahAvIra nAma se janmeM / indra ne abhiSekAdi kArya kiye| " 8. atheha bhArate kSetre videhAbhidha UrjitaH / deza: saddharmasaMghAdyaiH videha iva rAjate / / ityAdi varNanApetadezasyAbhyantare puram / rAjate kuNDalAbhikhyaM .11 -sakalakIrti (15 vIM zatI I.), vardhamAna carita, 7/2, 10. " isI bharatakSetra meM videha nAmaka zaktizAlI deza hai, jo saddharma aura sadsaMgha Adi se videha kI taraha zobhAyamAna hai| isa prakAra ke varNa se yukta deza meM "kuNDalapura " nAmaka nagara hai| "

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anekAnta/55/2 9. bahu janapada mIjhAra tu vIdeha desa rUpaDo e| kuMDalapura sohi caMga tu puruSa nAmI jIma e| te nayara taNu nAtha tu kAsapa gotra dhaNI e| sIdhAratha bhUpa jANaMtu harivaMsa siromaNi e|| te bhUpa taNI paTarAMNI tu nAma priyakAriNI e| -mahAkavi padma (16 vIM zatI I.) mahAvIrarAsa, 14/6, 10, 16 evaM 21. 10.atheha bharate kSetre videhaviSaye shubhe| bhUripurAdisaMyukte bhAti kuNDapuraM purm| -munidharmacandra (17 vIM zatI I.), gautamacaritra, 4/1. "isI bharatakSetra meM eka videha deza hai jo ki bahuta hI zubha hai aura aneka nagaroM se suzobhita hai| usameM eka kuNDapura nAma kA nagara hai|" 11. aba yaha ArajakhaNDa mahAn, deza sahasa battIsa prmaan| tAmeM dakSiNa disa guNamAla, mahA videhA deza rsaal||| so videhavata hai samudAya, saba zobhA tA kahI na jaay| koI tapa phala ke parabhAya, upajeM vara videha meM aay|| tAke madhya nAbhivata jAna, kuNDalapura nagarI sukha khaan| purapati mahIpAla matimAna, zrI siddhAratha nAma mhaan| tinahiM bhavana devI mahA, priyakAriNI vara naar|| trizalA trasa rakSA karaNa, rUpa adhika prtaap|| -kavi navalazAha, (18 vIM zatI I.) vardhamAnapurANa, 7/84, 85, 91, 103, 108, 109. 12. samaNa bhagavaM mahAvIre NAte NAtaputte NAyakulaviNivvate videha vidahadiNNe videhajacce videhasUmAle tIsaM vAsAiM videhe ti kttu.......| AcArAga, 2/15 sUtra-746 (byAvara saMskaraNa) "arthAt zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra, jo ki jJAtaputra ke nAma se prasiddha ho cuke the, jJAtakula (ke uttaradAyitva) se vinivRtta the, athavA jJAta kulotpanna the, dehAsakti rahita the, videhajanoM dvArA arcanIya-pUjanIya the, videhadattA (mAtA) ke putra the, viziSTa zarIra-vajravRSabha-nArAca saMhanana evaM samacaturasra

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10 saMsthAna se yukta hote hue bhI zarIra se sukumAra the| ( isa prakAra kI yogyatA se sampanna) bhagavAn mahAvIra tIsa varSa taka videharUpa meM gRha meM nivAsa karake - / " vahI pR. 377. anekAnta / 55/2 13. samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre videhadinne videhajacce videhasUmAle tIsaM vAsAiM videhaMsi - kalpasUtra - sUtra - 110. pR. 160 ( prAkRt bhAratI saMskaraNa) jayapura zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra jJAtavaMza ke the, jJAtavaMza meM candramA ke samAna the, videha the, videhadinnA - trizalA mAtA ke putra the, viziSTa kAnti ke dhAraka the, viziSTa deha se atyanta sukumAra the| ve tIsa varSa taka gRhasthAzrama meM nispRha rahakara -- - / " vahI pR. 161. 14. (ka) arahA NAyaputte bhagavaM vesAlIe viyaahie| 44 nAyaputte nAyakulacaMde videhe kaTTu / - sUtrakRtAMga- 1/2/3/22. pR. 178 (byAvara saM.) " indrAdi devoM dvArA pUjanIya (arhanta) jJAtaputra tathA aizvaryAdi guNa yukta bhagavAn vaizAlika mahAvIra svAmI ne vaizAlI nagarI meM kahA thaa| (kha) " nAyaputte bhagavaM vesAlie" - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 6 / 18, pR. 51. vIrAyatana saMskaraNa, 1972. 66 "" 'jJAtaputra bhagavAna vaizAlika ( mahAvIra ) / ' curNi - "NAtakalappasUte siddhatthakhattiyaputte / " sAdhvI candanA darzanAcArya ne ukta saMskaraNa meM ukta gAthA sUtra ke TippaNa meM pR. 429 para likhA hai - - " bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vizAlA arthAt vaizAlI (upanagara - kuNDagrAma) meM janma hone se unheM vesAlie vaizAlika kahA jAtA hai|" 15. atthettha bharahavAse, kuNDaggAmaM puraM guNasamiddhaM / tattha ya narindavasaho siddhattho nAma nAmeNa / -vimalasUri (pahalI zatI I.) paumacariyaM, 2/21. " isI bharatakSetra meM guNa evaM samRddhi se sampanna kuNDagrAma nAma kA nagara

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anekAnta/55/2 thaa| vahA~ para rAjAoM meM vRSabha ke samAna uttama siddhArtha nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thaa|" 16. siddhattharAyapiyakAriNIhiM Nayaramma kuMDale viiro| uttaraphagguNirikkhe cittasiyAterasIe uppnnnno| ___-yativRSabha, (2 rI zatI I.), tiloyapaNNatti, 4/549. "bhagavAna mahAvIra kuNDalapura meM pitA siddhArtha aura mAtA priyakAriNI se caitra zuklA trayodazI ke dina uttarA phAlgunI nakSatra meM utpanna hue| 17. aha cittasuddhapakkhassa tersiipuvvrttkaalmmi| hatthuttarAhiM jAo kuMDaggAme mhaaviiro|| Avazyaka niyukti, gAthA-304. "caitrazukla trayodazI ko rAtri ke pUrvabhAga meM hasta-uttarA nakSatra meM kuMDagrAma meM mahAvIra utpanna hue|" 18. atthi iha bharahavAse majjhimadesassa maNDaNaM prmN| sirikuNDagAmanayaraM vasumairamaNI tilybhuuyN|| nemicandra sUri, mahAvIra cariya. "isa bhAratavarSa (bharatavarSa-kSetra) ke madhyama deza kA parama AbhUSaNa aura pRthvI rUpI ramaNI kA tilakabhUta zrIkuNDagrAma nAmaka nagara hai|" 19. kuNDapurapura varissara siddhatthakkhattiyasya nnaahkule| tisilAe devIe deviisdsevmaannaae||2811 -vIrasena (9 vIM I.) SaTkhaMDAgama (dhabalA) pu. 9, khaNDa-4, bhAga-1 pR. 122 vahI, kasAyapAhuDa (jayadhabalA), bhAga-1, pR. 78, gAthA-23. "kuMDapura (kuNDalapura) rUpa uttamapura ke Izvara siddhArtha kSatriya ke nAtha kula meM saikar3oM deviyoM se sevyamAna trizalA devI ke----|" ___20. AsAr3ha joNhapakkhachaTThIe kuMDalapura NagarAhitva-NAhavaMsa-siddhatthaNariMdassa tisilAdevIe gabbhamAgaMtU Na tattha aTa ThadivasAhiya NavamAse acchiya-caittasukka-pakkheterasIe uttarAphagguNINakkhatte gabbhAdo nnikkhNto| -vIrasena, (9 vIM zatI I.) SaTkhaNDAgama (dhabalA), pu 9, kha.4, bhAga-1, pR. 121. ----- "kuMDapura"------vaDDhamANajiNiMdo--zeSa vhii|

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1 anekAnta/55/2 -bIrasena (9 vIM zatI I.) kasAyapAhuDa (jayadhabalA), bhAga-1, pR. 76-77. ASADha zukla pakSa SaSThI ke dina kuNDalapura nagara ke adhipati nAthavaMzI siddhArtha narendra kI trizalA devI ke garbha meM Akara aura vahA~ ATha dina adhika nau mAsa rahakara caitra zukla pakSa kI trayodazI ke dina uttarAphAlgunI nakSatra meM garbha se bAhara aaye|" 21. iha jaMbudIvi bhrhNtraali| ramaNIya-visai sohaavisaali|| kuMDauri rAu siddhattha sahitthu jo siriharu mammaNa vesa rhiu|| -mahAkavi puSpadaMta, (10 vIM zatI I.) vIrajiNiMdacariu, 1/6, pR. 10. "isa jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM vizAla zobhAdhArI videha pradeza meM kuNDapura nagara ke rAjA siddhArtha rAjya karate haiN| ve Atma-hitaiSI aura zrIdhara hote hue bhI viSNu ke samAna vAmanAvatAra sambadhI yAcaka veSa se rahita haiN|" ukta zAstrIya uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma videha deza ke "kuNDapura" (kuNDalapura yA kuNDagrAma) meM huA thA, jo Aja "vAsokuNDa" nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| mahAvIra kA janmasthAna hone ke kAraNa hI yahA~ san 1955 I. meM bihAra sarakAra ne (sva. sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina ke Arthika sahayoga se) prAkRta aura jainavidyA ke uccatara adhyayana-anusandhAna ke nimitta "prAkRta jainazAstra aura ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI" kI sthApanA kI thii| saMsthAna ke bhavana tathA janma sthAna vAsokuNDa meM mahAvIra smAraka kA zilAnyAsa 23 apraila 1956 ko bhArata ke prathama rASTrapati DA. rAjendra prasAda ne kiyA thaa| deza-videza ke jaina-jainetara vidvAnoM ne pichale eka-Der3ha sau varSoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke janma sthAna ke viSaya meM khUba vicAra kiyA hai| unameM se katipaya vidvAnoM kA sasandarbha ullekha yahA~ kiyA jA rahA hai-------- videzI-vidvAn 1. harmana jaikobI, sekreDa buksa oNpha di IsTa, jilda-22, oNksaphorDa, 1884; evaM bhArata-1964, pR. 10-13 (jaina sUtra, prathama bhAga kI bhUmikA) tathA insAyaklopIDiyA oNpha rilIjana eNDa ethiksa, jilda-7 pR. 466.

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anekAnta/55/2 2 DA. e. epha rUDolpha hornale, uvAsagadasAo ke aMgrejI anuvAda meM, bibliyothekA iNDikA sIrIja, kalakattA, 1888. phuTanoTa-8, pR. 3-5. 3. DA. visenTa e. smitha, jarnala oNpha di rAyala ezieTika sosAyaTI, 1902, pR. 267-288 tathA insAiklopIDiyA oNpha rilIjana eNDa ethiksa, jilda-12, pR. 567-68, san 1921. DaoN. TI. blaoNka, eksakaivesansa eTa basADha, oNrkiyolaoNjikala sarve oNpha iNDiyA kA vArSika vivaraNa, san 1903-4, pR 81-122 zrImatI sikleyara sTevenzana, di hArTa oNpha jainijma, oNksaphorDa yunivarsiTI presa, 1915, pR. 21-22 DaoN. jAla cANTiyara, upasAlA vizvavidyAlaya, kaimbrija hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA, prathama bhAratIya saMskaraNa, esa cAMda eNDa kampanI, dillI, jilda-1, pR 140 san 1955. 7. DaoN DI. pI. spUnara, oNrkiyAlaoNjikala sarve oNpha iNDiyA kA vArSika vivaraNa, san 1913-14, pR. 98-185. 8 jI pI mallAla zekhara, DikzanarI oNpha pAlipropara nemsa, bhAga-2, landana, san 1938. pR. 943 tathA bhAga-1, pR 64. jainetara-vidvAn / surendranAtha dAsa gupta, e hisTarI oNpha daNDiyana philaoNsaphI vAlyUma-1, kaimbrija. 1922, pR 173 ' nandalAla de, da jyAgrAphikala DikzanarI oNpha ezieNTa eNDa maDievala iNDiyA, ladana, 1927, pR 107 3 bI sI lA, mahAvIraH hija lAipha eNDa Tocigsa, laMdana, 1937 pR 19, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR 169-72 4. sarvapallI DaoN rAdhAkRSNan, iNDiyana philaoNsaphI, vAlyUma-1, iNDiyana eDIzana, 1940, pR 291-92 5 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, darzana-digdarzana, ilAhAbAda, 1944, pR 492 6 DaoN rAdhAkumuda mukarjI, 31 mArca 1945 ko prathama vaizAlI mahotsava kA adhyakSIya bhASaNa, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR 6 7. zrI rAmativArI, bra candAbAI abhinandana grantha, ArA, man 1954, pR 666-67 8. DaoN. rAjendra prasAda, bhArata ke prathama rASTrapati dvArA prAkRta jaina zAstra aura ahisA zodha sasthAna ke bhavana kA zilAnyAma karate samaya diyA gayA bhASaNa, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR. 103, prathama saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA eva mahAvIra smAraka lekha, 23 apraila 1956 bAsukuNDa, vaishaalii| 9. zrI raganAtha rAmacandra divAkara, rAjyapAla bihAra, 23 apraila 1956 ko bArahavaM vaizAlI mahotsaba ka avasara para adhyakSIya bhASaNa, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR / / 6-17 10. DaoN. esa. mukarjI, vahI, pR 120. 11. pro rAdhAkRSNa zarmA, bra. candAbAI abhinandana grantha, pR. 597 12 paM narottama zAstrI, vahI pR. 605. 13 DaoN sampUrNAnanda, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR 394

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anekAnta/55/2 3. 14. yogendra mizra, ena arlI hisTarI oNpha vaizAlI, dillI, 1962, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR. 251-59 tathA bra. candAbAI abhinandana grantha, pR. 669-76. 15. DaoN. vI. esa. agravAla dvArA likhita (zrI vijayendra sUri likhita pustaka) kI bhUmikA evaM vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR. 108. 16. paM. baladeva upAdhyAya, vaizAlI abhinandana grantha, pR. 237-42. 17. TI. ena. rAmacandran, vahI, pR. 128-33. 18. je. sI. mAthura, vahI, pR. 387. 19 DaoN. surendranAtha dIkSita, vahI, pR. 398-99. 20. zrI nAgendra prasAda siMha, vahI, pR. 471-72. 22. paM. bihArI lAla zarmA, "maMgalAyatanam", saMskRta gadya racanA, 2500 vA~ nirvANa mahotsava varSa 1975 meM vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, vArANasI se prkaashit| jaina-vidvAn 1. bra. bhUrAmala zAstrI (AcArya jJAnasAgara) vIrodaya mahAkAvya, dUsarA srg| 2 paM. mUlacanda zAstrI, vardhamAna cmpuu| zrI cimanalAla je zAha, jainijma ina naoNrtha iNDiyA (800 bI sI se 526 eDI.) lauMgamensa grIna eNDa kampanI, 1932, pR 23-241 4 bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina, "vaizAlI" zIrSaka lekha, jaina siddhAta bhAskara, varSa-3, 1936-36, pR 48-521 5. je. ela. jainI, AuTa lAinsa oNpha jainijma, kaimbrija, 1916, riprinTa 1940 pR 27 / 6 pa. kalyANavijaya gaNi, zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra, zAstra sagraha satiti, jAlora, 1941 prastAvanA, pR 25-281 7 pa. ke bhujabalI zAstrI, "bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi' zIrSaka nibandha, jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, 10/2, san 1943. pR. 60661 8. vijendra sUri, vaizAlI (prathama eva dvitIya saskaraNa) san 1946, 1957, tIrthakara mahAvIra, bhAga-1. bambaI, 1960, vaizAlI abhinnadana grantha, pR. 160 16 evaM 214 9. DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina, lAIpha ina ezieNTa iNDiyA eja DipikTeDa ina da jaina kainansa, bambaI, 1947, pR. 297. 10. paM. sukhalAla saghavI, adhyakSIya bhASaNa, navama vaizAlI mahotsava 28 mArca 1953, vaizAlI abhinnadana grantha, pR. 84-94. 11. DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, bra. candAbAI abhinnadana grantha, ArA 1954, pR. 626. 12. zrI bI. sI jaina vahI, pR. 688 13. DaoN. hIrAlAla, vaizAlI abhinnadana grantha, pR. 97-98, prAkRta jaina zAstra aura ahiMsA zodha sasthAna vaizAlI kA kaileNDara, san 1961, san 1992 tathA vIrajiNiMda cariu kI prstaavnaa| 14. AcArya zrI hastimalla jI mahArAja, jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa, pR 556 (uddhata zodhAdarza-44, pR. 59.) /

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anekAnta/55/2 15 15. rASTrasata AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI mhaaraaj| 16. mahAsatI candanA, uttarAdhyayana sUtra TippaNa, vIrAyatana saMskaraNa, 1972, pR. 429. 17. kailAzacandra jaina, laoNrDa mahAvIra eNDa hija TAimsa, motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dillI, 1974, pR. 34-37 18. zrI ajita prasAda jaina, zodhAdarza-44, pR. 58-59. 19. DaoN. zazikAnta, vahI, pR. 17. uparyukta sabhI vidvAnoM ne eka svara se videha deza meM maujUda vaizAlI ke samIpavartI kuNDapura (kuNDalapura, kuNDagrAma) vartamAna vAsokuNDa ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma sthAna mAnA hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke loga lichuAr3a (jo aMga deza meM thA) ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnate haiM, jo zAstrIya dRSTi se mAnya nahIM hai| usI paramparA ke prasiddha vidvAn bhI lichuAr3a ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma sthAna nahIM maante| yahA~ do viziSTa vidvAnoM ke mantavya unhIM ke zabdoM meM prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM :___zvetAmbara vidvAn purAtatvavettA paM. kalyANavijaya gaNI kA abhiprAya isa prakAra hai "pracalita paramparAnusAra Aja kala bhagavAna kI janmabhUmi pUrva bihAra meM kyUla sTezana se pazcima kI ora ATha kosa para avasthita lacchaAr3a gA~va mAnA jAtA hai para, hama isako ThIka nahIM samajhate isake aneka kAraNa haiM___ 1. sUtroM meM mahAvIra ke lie "videhe videhadinne videhajacce vidahasUmAle tIsaM vAsAI videha-sika?' ityAdi jo varNana milatA hai, usase yaha svataH siddha hotA hai ki mahAvIra videha deza meM avatIrNa hue aura vahIM unakA saMvarddhana huA thaa| yadyapi TIkAkAroM ne ina zabdoM kA artha aura hI taraha se lagAyA hai, para zabdoM se prathamopasthita videha, videhadatta, videhajAtya, videhasukumAla, tIsa varSa videha meM (pUre) karake, ina arthavAle zabdoM para vicAra karane se yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra videha jAti ke logoM meM uttama aura sukumAla the| eka jagaha to mahAvIra ko "vaizAlika" bhI likhA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki ApakA janma sthAna kSatriyakuNDapura vaizAlI kA hI eka

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16 anekAnta / 55/2 vibhAga rahA hogaa| 2. jabaki bhagavAna ne rAjagRha aura vaizAlI Adi meM bahuta se varSoM meM cAturmAsa kie the, taba kSatriyakuNDapura meM eka bhI varSAkAla nahIM bitaayaa| yadi kSatriyakuNDapura jahA~ Aja mAnA jAtA hai, vahIM hotA to bhagavAna ke katipaya varSAkAla bhI vahA~ avazya hI hue hote, para aisA nahIM huA / varSAvAsa to dUra rahA, dIkSA lene ke bAda kabhI kSatriyakuNDapura athavA usake udyAna meM bhagavAna ke Ane-jAne kA bhI kahIM ullekha nahIM hai| hA~, prArambha meM jaba Apa brAhmaNakuNDapura ke bAhara bahusAlacaitya meM padhAre the, taba kSatriyakuNDapura ke logoM kA ApakI dharmasabhA Ane aura jamAli ke pravrajyA lene kI bAta avazya AtI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra bahudhA vahIM adhika ThaharA karate the jahA~ para rAjavaMza ke manuSyoM kA ApakI tarapha sadbhAva rhtaa| rAjagRha - nAlaMdA meM caudaha aura vaizAlI - vANijyagrAma meM bAraha varSAvAsa hone kA yahI kAraNa thA ki vahA~ ke rAjakarttAoM kI ApakI tarapha ananya bhakti thI / kSatriyakuNDapura ke rAjaputra jamAla ne apanI jAti ke pA~ca sau rAjaputroM ke sAtha nirgrantha pravrajyA lI thii| isase bhI itanA to siddha hotA hai ki kSatriyakuNDapura, jahA~ se ki eka sAtha pA~ca sau rAjaputra nikale the, koI bar3A nagara rahA hogA taba kyA kAraNa hai ki mahAvIra ne eka varSAvAsa apane janmasthAna meM nahIM kiyA? isakA uttara yahI hai ki kSatriyakuNDapura vaizAlI kA hI eka upanagara thA aura vaizAlI - vANijyagrAma meM bAraha varSAvAsa - cAturmAsa hue hI the, jinase kSatriya kuNDa aura braha brAhmaNakuNDa ke nivAsiyoM ko bhI paryApta lAbha mila cukA thaa| isa kSatriyakuNDa meM Ane athavA varSAvAsa karane sambandhI ullekhoM kA na honA asvAbhAvika nahIM hai| 3. bhagavAn kI dIkSA ke dUsare dina kollAkasaMniveza meM pAraNA karane kA ullekha hai| jaina sUtroM ke anusAra kollAkasaMniveza do the- eka vANijyagAMva ke nikaTa aura dUsarA rAjagRha ke samIpa / yadi bhagavAna kA janmasthAna Ajakala kA kSatriyakuNDa hotA to dUsare dina kollAka meM pAraNA honA asambhava thA, kyoMki rAjagRhavAlA kollAkasaMniveza vahAM se koI cAlIsa mIla dUra pazcima

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anekAnta/55/2 meM par3atA thA aura vANijyagrAmavAlA kollAka isase bhI bahuta duur| isase yahI mAnanA tarkasaMgata hogA ki bhagavAn ne vaizAlI ke nikaTavartI kSatriyakuNDa ke jJAtakhaNDa vana meM pravrajyA lI aura dUsare dina vANijyagrAma ke samIpavartI kollAka meM pAraNA kii| ___4. kSatriyakuNDa meM dIkSA lekara bhagavAn ne karmAragrAma, kollAkasaMniveza Adi meM vicara kara asthikagrAma meM varSA-cAturmAsa ke bAda bhI morAka, vAcAlA, kanakakhala, Azramapada aura zvetAvikA Adi sthAnoM meM vicaraNa ke uparAnta rAjagRha kI tarapha pravAsa kiyA aura dUsarA varSAvAsa rAjagRha meM kiyA thaa| uktavihAra-varNana meM do mudde aise haiM jo Adhunika kSatriyakuNDa asalI kSatriyakuNDa nahIM hai, aisA siddha karate haiN| eka to bhagavAn prathama cAturmAsa ke bAda zvetAvikA nagarI kI tarapha jAte haiM aura dUsarA yaha ki udhara vihAra karane ke bAda Apa gaMgAnadI utara kara rAjagRha jAte haiN| __ zvetAvikA zrAvastI se kapilavastu kI tarapha jAte samaya mArga meM par3atI thii| yaha bhUmi-pradeza kauzala ke pUrvottara meM aura videha ke pazcima meM par3atA thA aura vahA~ se rAjagRha kI tarapha jAte samaya bIca meM gaMgA pAra karanI par3atI thI, yaha bhI nizcita hai| Adhunika kSatriyakuNDapura ke Asa-pAsa na to zvetAvikA nagarI thI aura na udhara se rAjagRha jAte samaya gaMgA hI pAra karanI par3atI thii| isase jJAta hotA hai ki bhagavAn kI janmabhUmi Adhunika kSatriyakuNDa jo Ajakala pUrva bihAra meM giddhaura sTeTa meM aura pUrvakAlIna prAdezika sImAnusAra aMga deza meM par3atA hai, nahIM haiM, kintu gaMgA se uttara kI ora uttara bihAra meM kahIM thI aura vaha sthAna pUrvokta pramANoM ke anusAra vaizAlI ke nikaTavartI kSatriya-kuNDa hI ho sakatA hai| (jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, 10/2, san 1943, pR. 63-65. uddhRta - paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI, bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jnmbhuumi)| sva. AcArya vijayendrasUri ne apanI pustaka "vaizAlI" meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke janmasthAna ke viSaya meM jo niSkarSa nikAle, ve yathAvat rUpa meM isa prakAra haiM

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18 anekAnta/55/2 "aba hama saMkSepa meM isa pariNAma para pahu~cate haiM---- _1. Adhunika sthAna jise kSatriyakuNDa kahA jAtA hai aura jise licchuAr3a ke pAsa batAyA jAtA hai, muMgera jilA ke antargata hai, mahAbhArata meM isa pradeza ko eka svataMtra rAjya "modagiri" ke nAma se ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jo ki bAda meM aMga deza se milA diyA gayA thA arthAt prAcIna aitihAsika yuga meM yaha sthAna videha meM na hokara aMga deza athavA modagiri-antargata thaa| isalie bhagavAna kI janmabhUmi yaha sthAna nahIM ho sktii| 2. Adhunika kSatriyakuNDa parvata para hai, jabaki prAcIna kSatriyakuNDa ke sAtha zAstroM meM parvata kA koI varNana nahIM miltaa| vaizAlI ke Asa-pAsa kyoMki pahAr3a nahIM hai, isalie bhI vahI sthAna bhagavAna kA janmasthAna adhika sambhava pratIta hotA hai| 3. Adhunika kSatriyakuNDa kI talahaTI meM eka nAlA bahatA hai, jo ki gaNDakI nahIM hai| gaNDakI nadI Aja vaizAlI ke pAsa bahatI hai| ___4. zAstroM meM kSatriyakuNDa ko vaizAlI ke nikaTa batAyA hai, jabaki Adhunika sthAna ke nikaTa vaizAlI nahIM hai| 5. videha deza to gaMgA ke uttara meM hai, jabaki Adhunika kSatriyakuNDa gaMgA ke dakSiNa meM hai| isase spaSTa hai ki bhrAMtivaza licchaAr3a ke nikaTa parvata ke Upara ke sthAna ko kSatriyakuNDa mAna liyA gayA hai| yahA~ bhagavAna kA koI bhI kalyANaka-garbha, janma aura dIkSA nahIM huaa| zAstroM ke anusAra hamArI yaha sammati hai ki jo sthAna Ajakala basAr3ha nAma se prasiddha hai, vahI prAcIna vaizAlI hai| isI ke nikaTa kSatriyakuNDa grAma thA, jahA~ bhagavAna ke tIna kalyANaka hue the| isI sthAna ke nikaTa Aja bhI vaNiyAgA~va, kUmanachaparAgAchI aura kolhuA maujUda haiN| Ajakala yaha kSatriyakuNDa sthAna vAsukuNDa nAma se prasiddha hai| purAtatva vibhAga bhI vAsukuNDa ko hI prAcIna kSatriyakuNDa mAnatA hai| yahA~ ke sthAnIya loga bhI yahI samajhate haiM ki

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anekAnta/55/2 bhagavAna kA janma yahIM huA thaa| (zramaNa-2001. me prakAzita "vaizAlI' nAmaka lekha, pR. 46-47.) paM. kalyANavijaya gaNi aura AcArya vijayendra sUri jI mahArAja ke uparyukta niSkarSa se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma videha dezastha kuNDapura, jo vaizAlI ke samIpa hai, meM huA thA, lichuAr3a (muMgera-aMgadeza) yA kuNDapura (nAlandA-magadha) deza meM nhiiN| jaina, bauddha aura vaidika paramparA ke zAstroM meM aMga, magadha aura videha svatantra deza batalAye gaye haiN| bRhatkalpasUtra vRtti, prajJApanAsUtra, sUtrakRtAMga, TIkA, pravacanasArodvAra Adi meM jina Arya dezoM kA ullekha hai, unameM aMga, magadha aura videha kI bhe gaNanA hai| bauddhagranthoM meM ullikhita solaha mahAjanapadoM meM bhI inakA nAmollekha pAyA jAtA hai| AdipurANa meM bhI inakA pRthak-pRthaka ullekha hai| ataH yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prAcIna samaya meM ye tInoM svatantra deza rahe haiN| vartamAna bihAra aMga, magadha aura videha ina tInoM prAcIna dezoM kA saMyukta rUpa hai, kevala videha kA nhiiN| yahA~ ukta tInoM dezoM (janapadoM) kI sImAoM ke viSaya meM vicAra karate haiN| ___ aMga janapada kI sImAoM ke viSaya meM DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI kA yaha kathana dRSTavya hai- "campeya jAtaka (506) ke anusAra campAnadI aMga-magadha kI vibhAjaka prAkRtika sImA thI, jisake pUrva aura pazcima meM yaha donoM janapada base hue the| aMga janapada kI pUrvI sImA rAjamahala kI pahAr3iyA~, uttarI sImA kosI nadI aura dakSiNa meM usakA samudra taka vistAra thaa|" (AdipurANa me pratipAdita bhArata, pR. 44-45) ataH aMga deza kA vistAra pUrva meM rAjamahala kI pahAr3iyoM taka, pazcima meM campA nadI taka, uttara meM koyI nadI taka aura dakSiNa meM samudra taka thaa| prAcIna kAla meM magadha deza gaMgA nadI ke dakSiNa meM vArANasI se muMgera taka phailA huA thA, isakI dakSiNI sImA dAmodara (damUda) nadI ke udgama sthAna karNasuvarNa (siMhabhUma) taka mAnI jAtI thii| bauddhakAla meM magadha kI sImA pUrva meM campA nadI, pazcima meM zoNa (sona) nadI, uttara meM gaMgA nadI aura dakSiNa

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20 anekAnta/55/2 meM vindhya parvatamAlA thii| (DikzanarI oNpha pAlipropara nemsa, bhAga-2, pR. 403 evaM prADa. maurya bihAra, pR. 78) magadha deza ke sImA vistAra ke sambandha meM zakti saMgama tantra meM isa prakAra kahA hai kAlezvaraM samArabhya taptakuNDAntakaM shive| magadhAkhyo kAlezvara-kAlabhairava-nahi dussyti|| 3-7-10. arthAt kAlezvara-kAlabhairava-vArANasI se lekara taptakuNDa-sItAkuNDa-muMgera taka magadha nAmaka mahAdeza mAnA gayA hai| huyAna-tsaMga ke anusAra, magadha janapada kI maNDalAkAra paridhi 833 mIla thii| isake uttara meM gaMgA nadI, pazcima meM vArANasI, pUrva meM hiraNya parvata aura dakSiNa meM siMhabhUmi vartamAna thii| Rgveda aura mahAbhArata meM magadha ko kIkaTa kahA gayA hai| zakti saMgama ke anusAra magadha ke dakSiNa meM kIkaTa deza thaa| videha deza ke vistAra ke sambandha meM zakti saMgama tantra ke sundarI khaNDa meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai gaNDakItIramArabhya campAraNyAntakaM shive| videhabhUH samAkhyAtA tairabhuktyabhiyA tu saa|| arthAt tIrabhakti kahI jAne vAlI videhabhUmi gaNDakI (gaNDaka nadI) ke tIra se lekara campAraNa kI antima sImA taka phailI huI hai| "zakti-saMgama-taMntra" ke hI prasaMga se "bihAra thro da ejeja" pR. 55 para likhA hai- "phraoNma da bainka oNpha gaNDaka TU da phaoNresTa oNpha campAraNa da kanTrI vAja kaoNlDa, videha oNra tIrabhukti, iTa vAja bAunDeDa oNna IsTa, vaisTa eNDa sAutha bAI thI biga rivarsa, da kosI, gaNDaka eNDa gaMgAja, vAila da tarAI rIjansa phaoNrmaD iTsa naoNrdarna, bAunDarI," arthAt gaNDaka nadI ke taTa se lekara campAraNa paryanta kA sthAna videha athavA tIrabhukti kahA jAtA thaa| usake pUrva, pazcima aura dakSiNa meM kosI, gaNDaka tathA gaMgA-ye tIna bar3I nadiyA~ haiM aura himAlaya kA tarAI kSetra isake uttara kI ora hai| bRhaviSNu purANa meM videha ke tIrabhukti tathA mithilA Adi bAraha nAma

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anekAnta/55/2 kahe gaye haiN| inameM se tIrabhukti yA tirahuta Aja bhI prasiddha hai, isI nAma se pramaNDala bhI banA huA hai| videha kI sImA ke sUcaka bRhaviSNu purANa ke mUlapadya isa prakAra haiM "gaMgAhimavatormadhye nadI pNcdshaantre| tairabhuktiriti khyAto dezaH prmpaavnH|| kauzikI tu samArabhya gaNDakImadhigamya ve| yojanAni caturvizat vyAyAmaH prikiirtitH|| gaMgApravAhamArabhya yAvaddhaimavataM vnm| vistAraH SoDaSaTaH prokto dezasya kulnndnH|| mithilA nAma nagarI tatrAste lokvishrutaa| paMcabhi: kAraNe: puNyA vikhyAtA jgtiitrye||'' bRhadatiSNupugaNa mithilAmAhAnthya, 2017 10-12 arthAt gaMgA nadI aura himAlaya parvata ke madhya pandraha nadiyoM vAlA paramapavitra tIrabhukti (videha) nAmaka deza hai| kauzikI (kozI) se lekara gaNDakI (gaNDaka) taka videha kI pUrva se pazcima taka kI sImA 24 yojana (96 kosa) hai| gaMgA nadI se lekara haimavata vana (himAlaya) taka caur3AI 16 yojana (64 kosa) hai| aise videha athavA tIrabhukti deza meM tInoM lokoM ke vikhyAta pA~ca kAraNoM se puNyazAlI mithilA nAma kI nagarI hai| samrATa akabara dvArA mahAmahopAdhyAya mithileza paMDita maheza ThAkara ke dAna-patra meM bhI mithilA kI saha-sImA gaMgA se himAlaya tathA kozI aura gaNDakI nadI ke bIca batAI gaI hai| mUla uddharaNa isa prakAra hai-" aja gaMga tA saMga aja kosI tA gosii''| ( pa ka bhujabalI zAstrI, jena siddhAta bhAskara, 1072 pR 6. yan 1941) AcArya vijayendra sUri ne "vaizAlI" nAmaka apanI pustaka meM ukta uddharaNa diyA hai, jisase spaSTa hotA hai ki videha deza gaMgA nadI se uttara dizA meM thA- "gaMgAyA uttarataH videhdesh:| dezo'yaM vedopaniSatpurANagIyamAnAnAM janakAnA raajym| asyaiva nAmAntaraM mithilaa| rAjyasya rAja-dhAnyapi mithilaiva nAmadheya bbhuuv|" (bhArata-bhUgola, pR 37) inake atirikta pro. upendra ThAkura, pro. kRSNakAnta mizra, bhavAnI zaMkara

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22 anekAnta/55/2 trivedI, DaoN. deva sahAya triveda, DaoN. sAvitrI saksenA Adi vidvAnoM ne bhI videha ko ukta sImA ko hI mAnya kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAtavya hai vartamAna bihAra kevala prAcIna videha kA paryAya nahIM hai, balki aMga, magadha aura videha, tInoM kA saMyukta rUpa hai| inameM magadha aura videha kI vibhAjaka nadI gaMgA nadI, aMga aura magadha kI vibhAjaka campA nadI tathA aMga aura videha kI vibhAjaka kozI nadI thI aura inakI bhaugolika sthiti prAya: Aja bhI vaisI hI hai| isalie isa bhrAMti se bacane kI jarUrata hai ki prAcIna videha hI Aja kA bihAra rAjya hai| uparyukta zAstrIya uddharaNoM, vidvAnoM ke vimarza evaM mantavyoM, aMga, magadha aura videha dezoM (janapadoM) ke sImA sambandhI vivaraNoM se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma videha deza ke kuNDapura (kuNDalapura yA kuNDagrAma) meM huA thA, jo isa samaya vAsukuNDa yA vAsokuNDa nAma se prasiddha hai tathA mujaphpharapura jile ke saraiyA prakhaNDa meM hai| yahA~ se prAcIna vaizAlI (basAr3ha) lagabhaga pA~ca kilomITara kI dUrI para hai| lichuAr3a kA samIpavartI kSatriyakuNDa, jo muMgera jile meM hai, tathA kuNDalapura (nAlandA) bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janmasthAna nahIM haiM, kyoMki ye kramaza: aMga aura magadha deza meM maujUda haiN| samAja to zraddhAlu hotA hai, isalie vidvAnoM, sAdhu saMsthAoM, samAja ke netRttva varga se yaha apekSita hai ki vaha use bhrama meM na ddaaleN| yadi pahale se samAja meM koI galata dhAraNA banI huI hai to usake viSaya meM use sAvadhAna kreN| mere isa lekha kA uddezya kisI kI zraddhA ko prabhAvita karanA nahIM hai, balki samAja ko yathArtha kI jAnakArI denA hai| anekAntavAdI jaina-darzana meM Agraha ke lie sthAna nahIM hai| -prAdhyApaka, prAkRta aura jainazAstra, prAkRta, jaina zAstra aura ahiMsA zodha saMsthAna vaizAlI (bihAra) - 844128.

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AcArya jinasena kI dRSTi meM bhogavAda ke duSpariNAma -DaoN. sUraja mukhI jaina Aja vizva meM bhogavAda kA bolabAlA hai, mAnava adhikAdhika bhoga sAmagrI kI prApti ke liye ucita-anucita kisI bhI prakAra dhanArjana karane kI cintA se pratikSaNa vyAkula rahatA hai| rAta-dina UparI dikhAvA aura aizo-ArAma kI sAmagrI juTAne kI ApAdhApI meM usake hRdaya se pArasparika sneha, sauhArda evaM sahAnubhUti kI sukhada bhAvanAeM lupta ho gayI hai| aTUTa dhana sampatti kI lAlasA ne apanoM ko parAyA banA diyA hai| dharmaprANa bhArata meM khUna kI nadiyAM baha rahI haiN| bhAI-bhAI ke pitA-putra ke, putra-pitA ke, beTA-mAM ke aura mAM-beTe ke khUna se apane hAtha raMga rahe hai| gau hamArI mAtA hai, kintu Aja dhana prApti ke liye pratidina lAkhoM gAyoM kI hatyA kara mAMsa kA niryAta kiyA jA rahA hai| deza meM nitya naye katlakhAne khula rahe haiM, jahA~ atyanta nirdayatA ke sAtha lAkhoM mUka pazuoM kA vadha kiyA jA rahA hai| mAMsAhAra kI pravRtti bar3ha rahI hai| silka ke kapar3e, camar3e ke jUte cappala, sugandhita itra tela sAbuna tathA saundarya prasAdhana kI anya aneka vastuoM kI prApti ke liye aneka nirdoSa prANiyoM ko hatyA kara hama apanI amAnavIya icchAoM kI pUrti karane kA prayatna kara rahe haiN| kintu 'jyoM-jyoM davA kI, marja bar3hatA hI gayA, kI ukti caritArtha ho rahI hai| Aja saMsArika dRSTi se bhI koI vyakti sukhI aura santuSTa nahIM dikhAI detaa| hamAre RSi-mahArSiyoM ne 'santoSa eva sukhasya paraM nidhAnaM' kahakara hameM spaSTa nirdeza diyA hai ki sukha kA kAraNa bhogoM kA bhoga nahIM apitu santoSa hai| ___ AcArya jinasena ne AdipurANa meM bhogavAda ke duSpariNAma ko dikhAte hue kahA hai prathama to viSayoM ko ekatra karane meM jIva ko mahAn kaSTa hotA hai, kisI prakAra vaha ekatra bhI ho jAya to usakI rakSA kI cintA se jIva dukhI rahatA hai aura usake Arta pariNAma rahate haiN| yadi saMcita kiyA huA dhana yA viSaya sAmagrI durbhAgya se corI hoM jAya yA DakaitI ho jAya athavA anya kisI prAkRtika prakopa

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anekAnta/55/2 ke kAraNa naSTa ho jAya to asahya duHkha hotA hai aura pahale bhoge hue viSayoM ko bAra-bAra smaraNa kara jIva dukhI hotA rahatA hai| jisa prakAra IMdhana se agni kI tRpti nahIM hotI, nadiyoM ke pUra se samudra kI tRSNA nahIM miTatI, usI prakAra viSayoM ke bhoga se jIva ko kabhI tRpti nahIM hotii| jaise khArA jala pIkara manuSya kI pyAsa aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai vaise hI viSayoM ke bhoga se manuSya ko tRSNA bhI adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| eka-eka indriya kI AdhInatA ke kAraNa honevAlI jIva kI durdazA kA varNana karate hue ve kahate haiM ki vanoM meM bar3e-bar3e jaMgalI hAthI jo apane samUha ke svAmI hote haiM tathA atyanta madonmatta rahate haiM, ve bhI hathinI ke sparza se mohita hokara gaDDhoM meM phaMsa kara du:khI hote dekhe jAte haiN| vikasita kamaloM se yukta atyanta svAdiSTa jalavAle tAlAba meM apanI icchAnusAra vihAra karane vAlI machalI rasanA indriya ke vaza meM hokara baMsI meM lage hae mAMsa kI lAlasA se apane prANa gaMvA detI hai| ghrANa indriya ke vaza meM hokara madonmatta hAthiyoM ke mada kI vAsa ko grahaNa karane vAlA bhauMrA gujAra karatA huA hAthiyoM ke karNarUpI paMkhoM ke prahAra se mRtyu ko prApta ho jAtA hai| vAyu se hilatI huI dIpaka kI zikhA para par3akara cakSu indriya kI AdhInatA ke kAraNa paMtage kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra apanI icchAnusAra jaMgaloM meM vicara kara komala-komala svAdiSTa tRNoM ke aMkura ko caranevAlI hariNiyAM zikArI ke madhura gItoM kI dhvani se AkRSTa hokara kAla kA grAsa bana jAtI haiN| jaba eka-eka indriya ke viSaya kA sevana aneka du:khoM kA kAraNa hai taba pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSayoM meM Asakta prANI kA to kahanA hI kyA hai| puna: AcArya kahate haiM ki jo auSadhi roga ko jar3a se dUra na kara sake, vaha auSadhi auSadhi nahIM hai, jo jala pyAsa ko na bujhA sake, vaha jala jala nahIM hai, jo dhana Apatti ko dUra na kara sake, vaha dhana dhana nahIM hai, isI prakAra viSayabhoga se prApta jo sukha viSayoM kI icchA ko naSTa na kara sake, vaha sukha nahIM sukhAbhAsa hI hai| jisa prakAra vikArayukta ghAva hone para use zastra Adi se cIrane kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra viSayoM kI cAha rUpI roga ke utpanna hone para use dUra karane ke liye viSayasevana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha viSaya sevana sukha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kevala icchArUpI roga kA pratIkAra hai| jisa prakAra khAja khujalAte

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anekAnta/55/2 25 samaya sukha kA anubhava hotA hai, kintu bAda meM dAha bar3ha jAne se kaSTa hI hotA hai, usI prakAra viSaya-bhogoM ko bhogate samaya to sukha kA anubhava hotA hai kintu tRSNA kI vRddhi hote rahane se antataH vaha du:kha kA hI kAraNa hotA hai| jale hue ghAva para gIle candana kA lepa kucha samaya ArAma detA hai kintu phor3e ke andara kA vikAra dUra nahIM hone para candana kA lepa sthAyI ArAma nahIM detA, usI prakAra viSayI jIva ko viSayasevana karate samaya sukha kA AbhAsa hotA hai kintu viSayoM kI cAharUpI roga ke rahate hue use sthAyI sukha nahIM miltaa| dAMtoM se sUkhI haDDI cabAne vAle kutte ko rasAsvAdana kA koI Ananda nahIM milatA, phira bhI vaha haDDI ko cabAtA rahatA hai usI prakAra viSayasevana karane vAle kI kabhI santuSTi nahIM hotI, phira bhI vaha viSaya sevana meM saMlagna rahatA hai aura apane ko sukhI mAnatA hai|' ataH samasta anarthaparamparA ko viSaya bhogoM se utpanna huA jAnakara tIvra duHkha dene vAlI viSayoM se rAga ko tyAga denA caahiye| paradravyoM se prApta hone vAlA sukha saccA sukha nahIM hai apanI AtmA se prApta honevAlA sukha hI nitya, avinAzI aura saccA sukha hai|" bhogoM ke bhoga se prApta hone vAlA sukha parAdhIna hai usameM aneka bAdhAeM utpanna hotI rahatI haiM, bIca-bIca meM vyavadhAna upasthita hotA rahatA hai aura vaha karmabandha kA bhI kAraNa hai| ata: vaha sukha, sukha na hokara du:kha hI hai| buddhimAn loga usI sukha ko cAhate haiM, jisameM citta santuSTa ho jAya, viSayAsakta janoM kA cita sadaiva viSaya prApti ke liye vyAkula rahatA hai| ata: ve kabhI sukhI nahIM ho skte|" Aja ke bhogavAdI mAnava ko bhI sukha prApti ke liye apane prAcIna RSi-mahArSiyoM tathA AcAryo dvArA pratipAdita bhogoM ke dupariNAma ko samajha kara apanI asImita icchAoM ko niyamita kara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 'jiyo aura jIne do' ke Adarza ko hI apanAnA hogA anyathA sukhaprApti ke hetu kiye gaye usake sabhI prayAsa niSphala hI siddha hoNge| sandarbha 1. AcArya jinasena AdipurANa 11/182, 183, 186, 2. vahI 11/187 se 203 taka 3 AcArya jinasena, AdipurANa 11/168, 168, 4. vahI 11/176, 5. vahI 11/178, 6. vahI 11/175 7 vahI 11/185,8. vahI 11/211, 9. vahI 21/208, 10 AcArya jinasena AdipurANa 11/173 11. vahI 11/172

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AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara kRta "mUkamATI" meM abhivyakta -samAjavAdI vicAra -DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina "bhAratI" zramaNa santa paramparA ke jAjvalyamAna nakSatra AcArya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja kRta "mUkamATI" mahAkAvya eka mahAkRti hI nahIM, balki dhArmika, dArzanika, sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, Arthika evaM sAMskRtika vicAroM kA aisA bIjaka hai jise vartamAna meM jiyA jA sakatA hai, bhaviSya meM parakhA jA sakatA hai aura atIta se jor3A jA sakatA hai| santa sahaja hote haiM aura unakA jIvana sahajatA kA prtibimb| ve na to kAnoM sunI kahate haiM na A~khoM dekhI balki jise bhogA hai, anubhava kiyA hai tathA zAstra aura tarka kI kasauTI para kasakara dekhA hai, use hI kahate haiN| isIlie unake vicAroM meM gaMgA jaisI hI nahIM, varan gaMgotrI jaisI pAvanatA hotI hai| "mUkamATI" meM mATI mUka nahIM hotI balki sampUrNa rUpa se mukharita hotI hai| vaha jana ke mana ko chUtI hai ora tana ko pAvanatA ke carama taka le jAne kI preraka bana jAtI hai| vyaSTi meM samaSTi aura samaSTi meM vyaSTi kI kalpanA ko sArthaka AyAma detI hai| "mUkamATI" meM samAjavAdI vicAra yatra-tatra prasaMgavaza bikhare hue haiM, jinakI surabhi se Apa bhI surabhita ho sakate haiN| "mUkamATI" meM vyakta samAjavAdI vicAroM para dRSTi DAlane se pUrva hameM usake zabdagata yathArtha ko samajhanA caahie| "samAjavAda" do zabdoM se milakara banA hai "samAja" aura "vaad"| "vAda" kA tAtparya hai vicAra yA vicaardhaaraa| arthAt aisI vicAradhArA jisakA lakSya samAja hita ho| "samAjavAda" ke lie aMgrejI bhASA meM "sozalijma" kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai jisakI utpatti "sozyisa" zabda se huI hai, jisakA artha "samAja" hotA hai| arthAt isakA lakSya bhI samAja hI hai| suprasiddha samAjazAstrI epha. eca. giDiMgsa kA kathana hai ki- "samAja svayaM eka saMgha hai, saMgaThana hai, aupacArika sambandhoM kA eka aisA yoga hai, jisameM sahayoga dene vAle vyakti paraspara sambandhoM dvArA jur3e rahate haiN|

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anekAnta / 55/2 46 eca. pI. pheara - cAilDa ke anusAra- 'samAja manuSyoM kA eka samUha hai jo apane kaI hitoM kI pUrti ke lie paraspara sahayoga karate haiM, anivArya rUpa se svayaM ko banAye rakhane va svayaM kI nirantaratA ke lie| 2" 27 samAjavAdI vicAra ukta samAja ke lie janmA jise samAja hita ko sarvopari maanaa| san 1827 I. meM prArambha huA yaha zabda Aja eka vicAradhArA bana cukA hai aura ise vyaktivAda, vargavAda ke viruddha prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| lokanAyaka jayaprakAza nArAyaNa ke anusAra " samAjavAdI samAja eka aisA vargahIna samAja hogA jisameM saba zramajIvI hoNge| isa samAja meM vaiyaktika sampatti ke hita ke lie manuSya ke zrama kA zoSaNa nahIM hogaa| isa samAja kI sArI sampatti sacce artho meM rASTrIya athavA sArvajanika sampatti hogI tathA anarjita Aya aura Aya sambaMdhI bhISaNa asamAnatAyeM sadaiva ke lie samApta ho jaayeNgii| aise samAja meM mAnava jIvana tathA usakI pragati yojanAbaddha hogI aura saba loga sabake hita ke lie jiiyeNge| " AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja "samAjavAda" ko vibhinna dRSTikoNo se "mUkamATI meM rakhate haiM; unakI dRSTi meM yaha 44 'amIroM kI nahIM garIboM kI bAta hai koThI kI nahIM 411 kuTiyA kI bAta hai / " amIrI-garIbI kI khAI ko caur3A karanA samAjavAda nahIM, balki samAjavAda to isa khAI ko pATane meM hai| pIr3A ke anta se hI sukha kA prArambha ho sakatA hai " pIr3A kI iti hI S,, sukha kA artha hai| " cAra varNoM meM samAja vibhakta hai yathA- brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra / prArambha meM yaha vyavasthA karmaNA thii| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "kammuNA bambhaNo hoI kammuNA hoI khattio /

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anekAnta/55/2 vaisso kammuNA hoi suddo havai kmmunnaa|'' arthAt manuSya karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya hotA hai aura karma se hI zUdra hotA hai| kintu Aja varga vyavasthA janmata: mAna lene se zreSThatA ke mAyane bhI badala gaye haiN| dalita-savarNa saMgharSa tathA bhedabhAva ke mUla meM yahI bhAvanA hai| AcArya zrI "varNa ko vyAkhyAyita karate hue kahate haiM ki "varNa kA Azaya na raMga se hai na hI aMga se varan cAla-caraNa, DhaMga se hai|'' arthAt varNa kA tAtparya na raMga se hai aura na hI zarIra se apitu AcaraNa aura jIvana paddhati se hai| karmaNA jIvana paddhati ko svIkArane vAlA vyakti dukhoM se dUra rahatA hai| AcArya zrI ke anusAra yadi gama (du:kha) se Dara ho to zrama se prema karo "gama se yadi bhIti ho to --- suno zrama se prIti kro|" zramazIla vyakti na to kisI para bojha banatA hai aura na hI kisI para anyAya karatA hai| vaha vyaSTi ke sukha meM sukha nahIM, balki samaSTi ke sukha meM sukha mAnatA hai| "vAda" ke pIche mAna hotA hai jo vyakti ko vyakti se alaga kara detA hai| AcArya zrI kA mAnanA hai ki "pRthakvAda kA AvirbhAva honA mAna kA hI phaladAna hai|'' yaha sahI hai| manuSya banane ke lie saMyamI honA Avazyaka hai "saMyama ke binA AdamI nahIM yAnI

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anekAnta/55/2 AdamI vahIM hai jo yathA-yogya sahI-A---damI hai|" Aja vyakti kI pravRttiyA~ badala gayI haiM, usake lakSya badala gae haiM, usake soca meM parivartana huA hai; sthiti yahA~ taka A gayI ki use dUsaroM ke du:kha dekhakara karuNA to dUra, darda bhI nahIM ubhrtaa| aise logoM ko pASANa hRdaya kI saMjJA dete hue AcArya zrI kahate haiM ki "maiM tumheM hRdaya zUnya to nahIM kahU~gA parantu pASANa-hRdaya avazya hai tumhArA dUsaroM kA duHkha darda dekhakara bhI nahIM A sakatA kabhI jise pasInA hai aisA tumhArA -----siinaa||" vyakti burA nahIM hotA bure hote haiM usake vicaar| ata: vicAroM ko badalanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai| loka meM prasiddha hai ki "bhAvanA bhavanAzinI" arthAt bhAvanA saMsAra kA nAza karane vAlI hotI hai| santa, maharSi, muni Adi sadA se isI bAta ko kahate Ae haiM "phira bhI RSi-santoM kA sadupadeza-sadodaza hameM yahI milA ki pApI se nahIM pApa se, paMkaja se nahIM paMka se

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30 anekAnta/55/2 ghRNA kro| ayi Arya! nara se nArAyaNa bano samayocita kara kaary| 12 arthAt RSi-santoM kA sadA yahI AdezAtmaka upadeza milA hai ki pApI se nahIM, pApa se ghRNA kro| paMkaja (kamala) se nahIM balki paMka (kIcar3a) se ghRNA kro| he Arya! (zreSTha puruss)| tuma samayocita kArya kara nara nArAyaNa bno| bhAratIya saMskRti kA Adarza aura kAmanA sUtra rahA hai sarva bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH / sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazcid duHkhabhAgbhavet / / " arthAt sabhI sukhI hoM, sabhI Alasya (prabhAda) se rahita hoM, sabhI kalyANa ko dekheM, kisI ko bhI dukha nahIM ho| isI kAmanA ke sAtha sadagRhastha devapUjana ke samApana para vizva zAnti kI kAmanA karatA huA kahatA hai ki "saMpUjakoM ko pratipAlakoM ko yatIna ko yatinAyakoM ko| rAjA prajA rASTra sudeza ko le kIjai sukhI hai jina zAMti ko de|| hovai sArI prajA ko sukha balayuta ho dharmadhArI nreshaa| hovai varSA samai pe tilabhara na rahe vyAdhiyoM ko aNdeshaa|| hovai corI na jArI susamaya baratai ho na duSkAla maarii| sAre hI deza dhArai jinavara-vRSako jo sadA saukhya kaarii|| 14 itanA hI nahIM, bhAratIya saMskRti meM vizvazAMti kI kAmanA ke sAtha-sAtha "vizva bandhutva" aura "vasudhaiva kuTumbakam" kI bhAvanA bhI bhAyI gayI hai, kintu Aja ke isa viSama daura meM dhana-AdhArita vyavasthA ke kAraNa ina bhAvanAoM ne yA to apane artha kho die haiM yA apane artha badala die haiN| "dhana" jo kabhI sAdhana thA Aja sAdhya bana gayA hai| isa cintA se prerita "mUkamATI" kA racanAkAra likhatA hai ki

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anekAnta/55/2 31 "vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' isa vyaktitva kA darzana svAda-mahasUsa ina A~khoM ko sulabha nahIM rahA ab| yadi yaha sulabha bhI hai to bhArata meM nahIM mahAbhArata meM dekho| bhArata meM darzana svAratha kA hotA hai| ------ hA~ - hA~ / / itanA avazya parivartana huA hai ki "vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' isakA AdhunikIkaraNa huA hai vasu yAnI dhana-dravya dhana hI kuTumba bana gayA hai dhana hI mukuTa bana gayA hai jIvana kaa||" aura isa soca ke pariNAmasvarUpa hamArI AdhyAtmikatA ko hI nahIM, balki samAjavAdI svarUpa ko bhI Thesa pahuMcI hai| dhana-lipsA kI daur3a meM vyakti ne apane sukha-caina ko to khoyA hI hai, dUsaroM ke sukha-caina ko bhI naSTa kara diyA hai| svayaM ke saMcaya ke lie vaha dUsaroM ke mu~ha kA nibAlA bhI chInane se nahIM ddrtaa| Aja vyakti ko sAmAjika banAne ke lie dhana ke pIche daur3ane vAle pU~jIvAdI dimAga ko pare karanA par3egA kyoMki saMsAra meM rahakara hameM saMsAra se maitrI kA bhAva hI rakhanA cAhie Akhira hama baira kareM bhI to kisase? yahA~ hamArA bairI hai hI kauna? baira pazupravRtti hai mAnavIya nahIM, mAnava to maitrI bhAvanA se banatA hai| racanAkAra kI kAmanA hai ki "sabase sadA-sahaja basa maitrI rahe merii| vaira kisase kyoM aura kaba karU~?

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32 yahA~ koI bhI to nahIM hai saMsAra bhara meM merA bairI / """ asAmAjikatA, anyAya, utpIr3ana aura baira bhAva kA bahuta bar3A kAraNa hamAre netAgaNa haiM, jinheM svArtha ne aMdhA banA diyA hai| ve " pada" para baiThakara pada ke viruddha AcaraNa karate haiN| aba rAjA prajA kA anuraMjana na kara prajA kA dohana aura zoSaNa karatA hai| vaha bAteM to bar3I-bar3I karatA hai, kintu svayaM vaisA AcaraNa nahIM karatA / "kathanI aura karanI" kI isa bhinnatA ne netRtva ke prati AsthA ko hI kamajora nahIM kiyA, balki kahIM-kahIM to netA ko nAyaka se khalanAyaka kI sthiti meM pahu~cA diyA hai| Aja sacce netA kama aura tathAkathita netA anaginata haiN| svayaM kA AcaraNa pavitra nahIM hone tathA nahIM dikhane ke kAraNa "samAja" ke bIca vizvAsa kama huA hai isIlie AcArya zrI kAmanA karate haiM ki 'padAbhilASI banakara para para pada-pAta na karU~, utpAta na karU~ kabhI bhI kisI jIvana ko pada - dalita nahIM karU~ he prabho / Aja patha dikhAne vAloM ko patha dikha nahIM rahA hai, maaN| kAraNa vidita hI hai jise patha dikhAyA jA rahA hai anekAnta/55/2 44 vaha svayaM patha para calanA cAhatA nahIM auroM ko calAnA cAhatA hai aura ina cAlaka, cAlakoM kI saMkhyA anagina hai| 1711 11 'samAjavAda" ke lie Avazyaka hai ki samAja meM samatA hI nahI, balki samarasatA bhI ho, kintu dekhane meM AtA hai samAja meM "zvAna sabhyatA' ne apanA ghara banA liyA hai| Aja vyakti kutte kI taraha apanI hI jAti para gurrAtA hai| siMha vRtti samApta ho gayI hai jabaki rAjA kI vRtti pahale siMhavRtti

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anekAnta/55/2 mAnI jAtI thI aura Aja bhI usakI AvazyakatA hai "zvAna-sabhyatA-saMskRti kI isIlie nindA hotI hai ki vaha apanI jAti ko dekhakara dharatI khodatA hai, gurrAtA hai siMha apanI jAti meM milakara jItA hai rAjA kI vRtti aisI hI hotI hai honI bhI caahie|" koI bhI vicAra dhArA janabhAvanAoM para avalambita hotI hai| jana bhAvanA ko do rUpoM meM dekhA jAtA hai eka sajjanatA ke rUpa meM aura dUsare durjanatA ke rUpa meN| yaha sajjanatA aura durjanatA kyA hai, isa viSaya meM AcArya zrI kA mata hai ki "eka-dUsare ke sukha-du:kha meM paraspara bhAga lenA sajjanatA kI pahacAna hai, aura auroM ke sukha dekha, jalanA auroM ke duHkha ko dekha, khilanA, durjanatA kA sahI lakSaNa hai|" arthAt eka-dUsare ke sukha-dukha meM bhAga lenA sajjanatA hai aura dUsaroM ke sukha ko dekha jalanA, IrSyA karanA tathA dUsaroM ke du:khoM ko dekha harSita honA durjanatA hai| isI bhAva kI abhivyakti "kAmAyanI" meM zrI jayazaMkara prasAda jI kahate haiM ki auroM ko ha~sate dekho prabhu ha~so aura sukha paao| apane sukha ko vistRta kara lo sabako sukhI bnaao|| 20 "samAjavAda" zoSaNa ke viruddha vicAradhArA kA nAma hai| jaba kisI vicAradhArA meM dRSTi bheda samAhita hotA hai to vaicArika saMgharSa bhI janmate haiN|

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34 samAjavAda kI sahI pratiSThA na hone kA kAraNa hai varga bheda, varNabheda, jAti bheda / kisI kA adhika poSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai to dUsarI aura atyanta zoSaNa hai jisakI pariNati AtaMkavAda meM hotI hai "yaha bAta nizcita hai ki mAna ko TIsa pahu~cane se hI AtaMkavAda kA avatAra hotA hai 44 anekAnta / 55/2 ati poSaNa yA ati zoSaNa kA bhI yahI pariNAma hotA hai| 21" 'AtaMka" jaba kisI "vAda" se abhivyakta hone lage to samajhanA cAhie ki samAja meM kucha loga isake samarthaka bhI haiN| bhale hI hama inheM " bhramita jana" kI saMjJA de / "vAda" vahI zreSTha hai jisameM hiMsA, asatya aura corI ke lie koI avakAza nahIM ho| yahI kAraNa hai ki naksalavAdI bhI apane Apako amIra-garIba kA bheda miTAne vAlA kahate haiM, kintu unake hiMsaka aura caurya rUpa ke kAraNa samAja unheM mAnyatA nahIM detA / 71 64 samAjavAda ko phalane-phUlane ke avasara lokataMtra meM adhika hote haiM, kintu Aja lokataMtra bhI nAma ke raha gae haiN| jisa taMtra ko "jana" kA sevaka honA cAhie thA vaha "jana" se apane paira pujavA rahA hai| "janataMtra" ke paryAya rUpa meM " dhanataMtra " 'manamAnA taMtra" " bhIr3a taMtra" jaise nAma pracalita ho gae haiN| loka pIche chUTa gayA hai| taMtra loka ko hA~ka rahA hai phira bhI hama haiM ki jAga nahIM rahe haiM yahA~ taka ki "gaNataMtra" ke svarUpa ko lekara bhI prazna ubharane lage hai "kabhI-kabhI banAI jAtI kar3I se aura kar3I chaDI aparAdhiyoM kI piTAI ke lie| prAyaH aparAdhI jana baca jAte niraparAdha hI piTa jAte, aura unheM pITate-pITate TUTatI hama / ise hama gaNataMtra kaise kaheM ?

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anekAnta/55/2 yaha to zuddha "dhanataMtra" hai yA manamAnA "taMtra" hai| 22" jahA~ aparAdhI kI jagaha niraparAdhI sajA pAne lageM, rakSaka bhakSaka bana jAyeM, rAjA apane dharma se vimukha ho jAyeM, maMtrI cATukAra aura padalipsu ho jAyeM, sevaka avajJAkArI hoM, vahAM "samAjavAda" to kyA sAmajika svarUpa kI kalpanA hI bekAra ho jAtI hai| kisI bhI taMtra kI saphalatA usake prati jana AsthA se prabhAvita hotI hai kintu yadi usI "jana" kA vizvAsa nyAya para nahIM rahe to "taMtra" kI saphalatA khatare meM hI mAnanA caahie| Aja ke daura meM nyAya prApti cA~da-tAre tor3ane jaisA pratIta hone lagA hai kyoMki nyAya lambita hI nahIM, balki vilambita bhI ho gayA hai pariNAma svarUpa nyAya aura anyAya ke bIca kI vibhAjaka rekhA samApta sI ho gaI hai| "mUkamATI" meM isI bhAva kI abhivyakti prasaMgavaza huI hai "AzAtIta vilamba ke sAtha anyAya nyAya-sA nahIM nyAya anyAya sA lagatA hI hai aura yahI huA isa yuga meM isake saath| 23" samAjavAda kA eka lakSya hai sAmAjika asamAnatA ko samApta kara vibhedaka rekhAoM ko samApta krnaa| tathAkathita pada-dalitoM ke utthAna hetu anekAneka sahayogI yojanAyeM cala rahI haiM, kintu apekSita pariNAma sAmane nahIM A rahA hai| kAraNa spaSTa hai ki zarIra, artha aura zikSA kI unnati se hI koI vyakti unnata nahIM bana sakatA jaba taka ki usake saMskAra sAtvika ho "parantu! yaha dhyAna rahezArIrika Arthika zaikSaNika Adi sahayoga mAtra se nIca bana nahIM sakatA ucca isa kArya kA sampanna honA sAtvika saMskAra para AdhArita hai| 24 / /

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36 anekAnta/55/2 DaoN. ketakara kA mata bhI isI bAta se mela khAtA hai| unake anusAra " jAti vyavasthA naSTa karane kA tAtparya brAmhaNoM ko zUdra banAnA nahIM, balki zUdroM ko brAhmaNa banAnA hai| 25 " "samAjavAda" kI prabala virodhI vicAradhArA "pUMjIvAda " hai| jaba pU~jI kucha - eka logoM taka sImita ho jAtI hai to aneka logoM ko roTI - va - kapar3A - -makAna jaisI mUla AvazyakatAoM se vaMcita rahanA par3atA hai| eka bAra gAMdhI jI se eka mAravAr3I seTha ne pUchA ki - ". Apa sabase TopI lagAne ke lie kahate haiM yahA~ taka ki TopI ke sAtha ApakA nAma jur3a gayA hai aura loga use gAMdhI TopI kahane lage haiM; phira Apa svayaM TopI na lagAkara naMge sira kyoM rahate haiM? gAMdhI jI ne mAravAr3I seTha ke prazna ko sunakara unase uttara ke sthAna para prazna kiyA ki - " Apane jo yaha pagar3I pahana rakhI hai isase kitanI TopI bana sakatI haiM"? mAravAr3I seTha ne uttara diyA- " bIsa " gAMdhI jI ne kahA ki " jaba Apa jaisA eka vyakti bIsa logoM kI TopI apane sira para rakha letA hai to unnIsa logoM ko naMge sira rahanA par3atA hai| unhIM unnIsa logoM meM se maiM eka huuN| gAMdhI jI kA uttara sunakara mAravAr3I seTha niruttara ho gyaa| basa pUMjIvAda meM yahI burAI hai vaha dUsaroM ke adhikAra ko hastagata kara letA hai| jaina dharma meM isIlie " aparigraha" kI avadhAraNA ko mahatvapUrNa sthAna diyA gayA hai tAki pUMjIpati apanI sampadA kA svayameva tyAga kara skeN| yahA~ gRhastha ke lie dAna karanA nityakarma mAnA gayA hai| pUMjIvAda ko azAnti kA antahIna silasilA batAte hue AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI kahate hai ki he svarNa kalaza ! parataMtra jIvana kI AdhArazilA ho tuma pU~jIvAda ke abhedya durgama kilA ho tuma aura

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anekAnta/55/2 37 azAnti ke antahIna silsilaa| 26" samAjavAda kI pratiSThApanA hetu sAmAjika janoM ko saMgharSa karanA honA lekina yaha dhyAna rahe ki tumhArA yaha saMgharSa "saMhAra" meM nahIM badala jaaye| parAjaya kA tAtparya mAtra hAra mAnakara baiTha jAnA nahIM hai balki jItane ke lie punaH prayatna karanA hai| nirantara jIvanotkarSa se hI "ucca" lakSyoM kI prApti saMbhava hogii| kavi ke ye zabda preraNA ke dyotaka haiM "saMhAra kI bAta mata karo, saMgharSa karate jAo! hAra kI bAta mata karo utkarSa karate jaao|27" jaba vyakti samaSTi meM apanI pahacAna khojatA hai taba samAjavAda kA janma hotA hai aura jaba apane meM samaSTi kI pahacAna khojatA hai to vyaktivAda hotA hai| vyaktivAda kA lakSya vaiyaktika bhoga sAdhanoM kI prApti karanA hai usakA vizvAsa svayaM ke utthAna para AdhArita hai| vaha socatA hai "svAgata merA ho manamohana vilAsitAyeM mujhe mileM acchI vastue~aisI tAmasatA bharI dhAraNA hai tumhArI phira bhalA batA do hameM, AsthA kahA~ hai samAjavAda meM tumhArI? sabase Age maiM samAja bAda meN| 28" nitAnta vaiyaktika dhAraNA tAmasatA hai jisake rahate "samAjavAda" ke prati AsthA saMbhava hI nahIM hai| samAjavAda sAmAjika vicAradhArA se aayegaa| jahA~ yaha soca hogA ki maiM sabase Age aura bAda meM samAja vahA~ samAjavAda kaise saMbhava hogA? "samAjavAda" meM nihita dhAraNA ko spaSTa karate hue AcArya zrI kahate haiM ki "are kama - se - kama

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anekAnta/55/2 zabdArtha kI ora to dekho ! samAja kA artha hotA hai samUha aura samUha yAnI sama-samIcIna Uha-vicAra hai jo sadAcAra kI nIMva hai| kula milAkara artha yaha huA ki pracAra-prasAra se dUra prazasta AcAra-vicAra vAloM kA jIvana hI samAjavAda hai samAjavAda samAjavAda cillAne mAtra se samAjavAdI nahIM bnoge|" jaisA ki samAjavAda zabda se hI artha dhvanita hotA hai ki samAja yAnI samUha yAnI jisake vicAra samyak haiM aura jo sadAcAra kI nIMva para AdhArita hai aisA pracAra-prasAra se dUra zreSTha AcAra aura zreSTha vicAra vAloM kA jIvana hI samAjavAda hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki samAjavAdI banane ke lie apane AcAra-vicAra ko zreSTha banAnA hogA, mAtra samAjavAda-samAjavAda cillAne se koI samAjavAdI nahIM bnegaa| Aja dekhane meM yahI A rahA hai ki jo apane lie samAjavAdI kahate haiM ve samAjavAda ke nihitArtha kA sparza bhI nahIM krte| isa sthiti para samakAlIna vicAradhArA ke kavi "dhUmila" kA maMtavya hai ki "bhUkha aura bhUkha kI Ar3a meM cabAyI gayI cIjoM kA aksa unake dA~toM para TUTanA bekAra hai| samAjavAda unakI jubAna para apanI surakSA kA eka Adhunika muhAvarA hai| magara maiM jAnatA hUM ki mere deza kA samAjavAda mAlagodAma meM laTakatI huI

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anekAnta/55/2 una bAlTiyoM kI taraha hai jisa para "Aga" likhA hai aura unameM bAlU aura pAnI bharA hai|" tAtparya spaSTa hai ki Aja samAjavAda kA nArA pUMjIpatiyoM, bhraSTa rAjanetAoM ne apane surakSA kavaca ke rUpa meM apanA liyA hai| ve garIboM kI bhUkha kA saudA karate haiM aura vaha bhI usa zAtira badamAza kI taraha jo duSkRtya to karatA hai, kintu koI sabUta nahIM chodd'taa| hamAre deza meM samAjavAda usI taraha khokhalA ho gayA hai jisa taraha mAlagodAma meM laTakI huI bAlTiyAM jinake Upara Aga likhA hotA hai kintu andara bAlU aura pAnI bharA hotA hai| kathana se hI spaSTa hai ki jo bAhara pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai vaha andara nahIM hotA aura samAjavAda spaSTataH bAhya aura antara kI ekAtma vyavasthA hai| yadi bheda hai to samAjavAda ho hI nahIM sktaa| yadi samAjavAda ke lakSyoM ko yathArtha meM pAnA hai to AcArya zrI ke ina vacanoM kA samAdara karanA hogA ki "aba dhanasaMgraha nahIM jana saMgraha kro| aura lobha ke vazIbhUta ho aMdhAdhundha saMkalita kA samucita vitaraNa karo anyathA dhanahInoM meM corI ke bhAva jAgate haiM, jAge haiN| corI mata kara, corI mata karo yaha kahanA kevala dharma kA nATaka hai uparila sabhyatA ---- upcaar| cora itane pApI nahIM hote jitane ki coroM ko paidA karane vAle tuma svayaM cora ho

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anekAnta/55/2 coroM ko pAlate ho aura coroM ke janaka bhii|" arthAt aba dhanasaMgraha ke sthAna para janasaMgraha karo yAnI ki jisase janahita ho; aise kArya kro| lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara jo tumane aMdhAdhuMdha saMpadA ekatra kI hai usakA samucita vitaraNa kro| aisA nahIM hone para dhanahInoM (garIboM) meM corI ke bhAva jAgate haiM, jAge haiN| corI mata karo, corI mata karo" yaha kahanA kevala dharma kA nATaka, bAhya sabhyatA mAtra banakara raha gayA hai kyoMki hamArA AcaraNa cora banane ke lie vyaktiyoM ko preraNA detA hai| vAstava meM cora itane pApI nahIM hote jitane ki coroM ko paidA karane vaale| jo saMcayI haiM ve svayaM cora haiM, coroM ko ve hI pAlate haiM aura coroM ko utpanna bhI ve hI karate haiM isalie Avazyaka hai ki hama apanI soca-vicAra ko bdleN| kisI zAyara ne ThIka hI likhA hai ki "koThiyoM se mata A~kie mulka kI maiyaar| asalI hindustAna to phuTapAtha para AbAda hai||" "samAjavAda" meM krAnti ko koI sthAna nahIM hai yaha to pUrI taraha svaicchika zAnti kI vyavasthA hai jo "mahAjano yena gataH sA panthaH" kI nIti para calatI hai isIlie saccA samAjavAdI bhAvanA karatA hai ki "yahA~ ---- saba kA sadA jIvana bane maMgalamaya chA jAve sukha-chA~va sabake saba TaleMamaMgala bhAva saba kI jIvana latA harita-bharita viha~sita ho guNa ke phUla vilasita hoM nAzA kI AzA miTe AmUla mahaka uThe

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anekAnta/55/2 - basa / arthAt yahA~ sabakA jIvana maMgalamaya bane, sabakA kalyANa ho / saba para sukha kI chAyA ho / sabake amaMgala dUra ho| sabakI jIvana rUpI latA harI-bharI aura khilI huI ho usa para guNa ke phUla khile hoN| sabakI nAzA kI AzA yAnI sugandhi kI cAha miTa jAye tAki vaha jIvana latA jar3a sahita mahaka utthe| 44 3211 isa prakAra "mUkamATI" meM AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI ne samAjavAda ke una rUpoM, pakSoM kA udghATana kiyA hai jinake stambha aura bhittiyoM para samAjavAda kA mahala khar3A ho sakatA hai| sacce sAmAjika aura samAjavAdI banane ke lakSya ko sAmane rakhate hue hameM viveka-buddhi ko jAgRta karanA cAhie tathA bheda-bhAva samApta karanA cAhie; yahI kavi kI dhAraNA bhI "mUkamATI' meM mUka nahIM balki mukharita hotI hai 'samAjavAda kA laya ho bhedabhAva kA anta ho bheda-bhAva jayavanta ho / 33 " sandarbha (1) priMsipalsa oNpha soziyolaoNjI, pra. 27 (2) DikzanarI oNpha soziyolaoNjI, pra. 300 (3) draSTavya Adhunika rAjanItika vicAradhArAye : pukharAja jaina, pra 115 - 47, (4) mUkamATI 32, (5) vahI - 33, (6) uttarAdhyayana 2531, (7) mUkamATI (8) vahI - 355, (9) vahI - 55, ( 10 ) vahI 64, (11) mUkamATI 50, (12) mUkamATI (14) jinavANI saMgraha (zAnti pATha) pR. 521 se 522, ( 15 ) mUkamATI - 82, ( 16 ) mUkamATI (17) mUkamATI - 115, (18) vahI 171, (19) mUkamATI 168, (20) kAmAyanI - (21) mUkamATI 418, (22) mUkamATI 271, (23) mUkamATI- 272, (24) vahI (25) nijI DAyarI meM saMgRhIta vicAra, ( 26 ) mUkamATI 366, (27) mUkamATI 432, (28) mUkamATI 460 - 461, ( 29 ) mUkamATI- 461, (30) sasada se sar3aka taka, 126-127, (31) mUkamATI - 467-468, (32) mUkamATI 478, (33) mUkamATI - 474 - - " 41 273, 1 51, - 105, - sampAdaka pArzvajyoti hindI vibhAga, sevAsadana mahAvidyAlaya, (burahAnapura) ma. pra.

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mahAkavi vIra : 'jaMbusAmi cariu' -DaoN. prakAzacandra jaina bhArata eka aisA vizAla deza hai, jahA~ dharma, sampradAya, jAtiyoM kI vividhatA ke bAvajUda bhI, anekatA meM ekatA pAyI jAtI hai| isI vizeSatA ke kAraNa bhAratIya saMskRti kI gaNanA vizva kI mahAn saMskRtiyoM meM kI jAtI hai| prAcIna kAla meM bhArata jagadguru kahalAtA thaa| unnIsavIM zatAbdI ke sAMskRtika mahAjAgaraNa kAla meM hameM aisA lagane lagA thA ki vizva kA AdhyAtmika netRtva, phira se bhArata ke hAtha meM Ane vAlA hai| svatantratA prApti ke bAda to duniyA ke dUsare dezoM ke loga bhI yaha socane lage the, ki bhArata ke pAsa koI aisA sandeza hai, jisameM samUcI mAnavatA kA hita nihita hai| bhale hI Aja ke ati bhautikavAdI yuga meM hama apanI roTI dUsaroM ke sAtha bA~Ta kara khAne ke bajAya, dUsaroM kI roTI chIna kara khAne para AmAdA hoN| bhale hI upaniSad ke RSi ke "tena tyaktena bhuMjIthAH" arthAt 'bhoga bhI tyAga ke sAtha kareM', ke sandeza ko hamane bhulA diyA ho; para phira bhI, yaha bAta saca hai ki ina navIna vizva ko, yadi kucha pAnA hai, to vaha use prAcIna bhArata se hI prApta ho sakatA hai| prAcIna bhArata se yahA~ abhiprAya, hamAre RSi muniyoM dvArA hameM sauMpI gaI, usa AdhyAtmika aura sAhityika dharohara se hai, jo kAphI jaddo-jahada ke bAda bar3e prayatna-pUrvaka Aja bhI hamAre graMthAgAroM meM surakSita hai| inameM se kucha amUlya ratna prakAza meM Aye haiM, aura kucha abhI prakAza meM Ane kI bATa joha rahe haiN| isa sAhitya bhaNDAra kI zrIvRddhi meM jaina sAhityakAroM kA bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| para sAhitya ke mahArAthiyoM ne, use A~kha uThAkara dekhane kI kRpA hI nahIM kii| hindI-sAhitya ke eka nahIM, aneka itihAsa prakAzita hue, kintu unameM jaina sAhitya kA kahIM koI ullekha nahI milatA jise dekha kara yaha patA cale ki jaina sAhityakAroM kA bhI koI anUThA sAhitya thaa| hindI kI utpatti kI carcA meM kahIM-kahIM apabhraMza kA nAma liyA gayA

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anekAnta/55/2 hai yA phira kahIM-kahIM kucha jaina sAhityakAroM kA nAmollekha mAtra karake cuppI sAdha lI jAtI hai| yahI nahIM, kahIM-kahIM to yaha kaha diyA gayA hai ki vaha jaina dharma se sambandhita aura sAmpradAyika hai| jabaki sAhityakAra cAhe jise deza, jAti, dharma yA sampradAya kA ho vaha satya aura saundarya kI taha meM praveza karake, apane mAnasa se bhAva rAzi ke motI cunakara, unheM zabdoM kI lar3I meM pirokara, ziva kI sAdhanA karatA hai| jaina matAnusAra, 'sAhitya', 'zrutajJAna' kA aparanAma hai| jo mUlataH ardha-mAgadhI prAkRta bhASA meM thaa| mAnavIya AvazyakatA ke anurUpa vaha saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza Adi bhASAoM meM racA gyaa| pUrvAcAryoM kI isa paramparA aura saMskRti ko avicchinna banAye rakhane vAle jaina manISiyoM ne bhI sAhitya kI abhivRddhi meM apanA amUlya yogadAna diyaa| unake dvArA jo sundara AtmapIyUSa se chala-chalAtA huA sAhitya racA gayA, vahI Aja jaina sAhitya ke nAma se abhipreta hai| jainAcAryoM ne prArambha se hI, loka bhASA ko, apane sAhitya kA mAdhyama bnaayaa| sAtavIM-AThavIM zatAbdI meM to unhoneM saMskRta kA pallA chor3akara, apabhraMza bhASA meM sAhitya kA sRjana kiyaa| yoM to 17 vIM zatAbdI taka apabhraMza racanAe~ pAyI jAtI hai, para 10vIM, 11 vIM aura 12 vIM zatAbdI to apabhraMza bhASA kI svarNa yuga rahI hai| isa avadhi meM apabhraMza sAhitya vipula parimANa meM racA gyaa| yahI vi. saM. 1010 se 1075 taka kA samaya, mahAkavi vIra kA kAla rahA hai| kavi ne apanI eka mAtra upalabdha kRti, 'jaMbusAmi cariu' meM usake racanA kAla kA ullekha karate huye mAdha zuklA dazamI vi. saM. 1973 meM usake pUrNa hone kI bAta kahI hai "vikkamanivakAlAoM chAhattara dasasaesu vrisaannN| mAhammi sUddha pakkhe dasammi divasammi sNtmmi||2||"? jaisA ki kavi ne Age prazasti meM hI likhA hai ki bahuta se rAjakAryoM meM vyasta rahane ke kAraNa unheM pUrA karane meM eka varSa kA samaya lgaa|' kavi ke dvArA ullekhita apane samaya kI puSTi bAhya sAkSya se bhI hotI hai| unakI isa kRti para mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA prabhAva dekhA jAtA hai tathA unakA samaya vi. kI

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4d anekAnta/55/2 9 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha evaM 10 vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha rahA hai| yahI nahIM, kavi ke paravartI, vi. saM. 1100 meM huye muni nayanaMdi ke 'sudaMsaNa cariu' para kavi ke 'jaMbusAmi cariu' kA prabhAva bhI isa kAla kI siddhi karatA hai| kavi ne apanI isa kRti meM jina aitihAsika tathyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, unase bhI isakA racanA kAla yahI siddha hotA hai| DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina aura DaoN. A. ne. upAdhye bhI isa kRti kA anya kRtiyoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane ke pazcAt isI niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki 'jaMbUcariyaM' kI racanA nizcita hI vi. saM. 1076 meM 'jaMbusAmi cariu' ke praNayana se avazya hI kucha samaya pUrva hI ho cukI hogI, tathA isakI khyAti se AkRSTa hokara 'vIra kavi' ne isakA adhyayana kiyA hogaa| kavi ne 'jaMbusAmi cariu' meM apanA paricaya dete huye likhA hai ki vaha mAlava deza ke prAcIna nagara siddha varSoM ke pAsa gulakheDI/gulakheDa gA~va ke nivAsI lADa vagga vaMzIya mahAkavi devadatta kI patnI, 'saMtuvA' kI kokha se janme prathama putra the| inake alAvA ina ke tIna choTe bhAI aura bhI the, jinake nAma sAhila, lakSaNIka tathA jaIsa the| kavi ke cAra vivAha huye the| unakI cAroM patniyoM ke nAma - jinamatI, padmAvatI, lIlAvatI aura jayAdevI the| inameM se pahalI patnI 'jinamatI' se kavi ko 'nemicandra' nAmaka putra kI prApti huii| 'jaMbusAmi cariu' ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki kavi kA adhyayana bahuta vizada thaa| unhoMne pataMjali ke vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya para kaiyaTa dvArA racita 'pradIpa' nAmaka prakhyAta TIkA se zabda zAstra kA, chanda zAstra kA', nAmakoza kA, tarkazAstra kA gahana adhyayana kiyaa| isake alAvA unhoMne prAkRta kAvya 'setabandhu' kA bhI vizeSa adhyayana kiyaa| bAlmIki rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata' tathA zivapurANa Adi kA bhI unheM acchA jJAna thaa| jainAgama ke cAroM anuyogoM meM bhI unakA acchA adhyayana thaa| bharatamuni ke nATyazAstra" Adi prAcIna grathoM kA tathA anya zAstrIya lakSaNa grathoM kA bhI unhoMne talasparzI adhyayana kiyA thaa| apane pUrvavartI kaviyoM-mahAkavi kAlidAsa aura puSpadanta Adi ke sAhityika guNa unheM paramparA se prApta the| ve bANa Adi prakhyAta lekhakoM kI kRtiyoM se bhI suparicita the| kavi ke adhyayana sambandhI isa vistRta vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki ve saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM meM bhI kAvya racanA karane meM

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anekAnta/55/2 45 pUrNa niSNAta the, para apane pitA ke, mitra kI, preraNA aura Agraha para, Apane 'jaMbusAmi cariu' kI racanA tatkAlIna lokabhASA apabhraMza meM hI kii| kavi ko prAcIna sAhitya meM to jaMbusvAmI ke caritra se sambandhita aitihAsika sAmagrI atyanta saMkSipta rUpa meM hI prApta huI; parantu usI nIMva para unhoMne apanI kalpanA aura kAvya pratibhA ke bala para 'jaMbusAmi cariu' nAmaka isa mahAkAvya kI racanA kI kavi kI isa kRti kI kathAvastu kA AdhAra, kavi guNapAla kI prAkRta bhASA kI racanA 'jaMbucariyaM' rahI hai| isake alAvA anya pUrvavartI kRtiyoM meM pAyI jAne vAlI sAmagrI meM hI parivartana, parivarddhana aura saMzodhana karake vIra kavi ne apanI isa kRti ko eka caritrAtmaka mahAkAvya kA rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| unhoMne isakI kathAvastu 11 saMdhiyoM meM vibhAjita kI hai| graMtha ke Arambha meM maMgalAcaraNa karake, apane adhyayana kI bAta kahatA huA, vinamratA pradarzita karatA hai| prathama tIna saMdhiyoM meM kavi ne bhavadatta aura bhavadeva ke janma janmAntaroM kA varNana kiyA hai| cauthI saMdhi se jaMbusvAmI kI kathA kA Arambha ho jAtI hai| pA~cavIM saMdhi se sAtavIM taka kavi ne jaMbusvAmI kI vIratA tathA cAra kanyAoM ke sAtha unake vivAha kA varNana kiyA hai| AThavIM saMdhi meM basanta krIr3A, hAthI kA upadrava tathA yuddha vRtta Adi kA varNana hai| isa ke bAda kavi ne kAvya ke lakSaNoM para prakAza DAlate huye kathA sUtra ko Age bar3hAyA hai| isI meM sudharmAsvAmI se bhavadatta aura bhavadeva ke pA~co bhavoM (janmoM) kA varNana sunakara virakta huye jambusvAmI ko cAroM patniyA~ vaza meM karane kA prayAsa karatI haiN| nauvIM saMdhi meM bhI isI paraspara kathA-vArtA kA krama calatA hai| dazavIM saMdhi meM vidyuccara bhI unheM bhogoM kI ora prerita karane kA viphala prayAsa karatA hai, para jaMbusvAmI dIkSA grahaNa kara muni bana jAte hai| unake mAtA-pitA aura cAroM patniyA~ bhI sAdhanA ke mArga para cala par3ate hai| isI saMdhi meM sudharmA svAmI ke nirvANa, jaMbUsvAmI kaivalya aura nirvANa kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| gyArahavIM saMdhi meM vidyuccara kI sAdhanA ke dvArA sarvArtha siddhi gamana kA bhI varNana hai| anta meM kavi ne prazasti ke antargata apanA paricaya tathA kRti ke racanA kAla Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa kRti meM antarkathAoM ne mUla kathA vastu ko gati pradAna karane ke sAtha-sAtha kathA vastu kI mUla dhArA ko Avazyaka mor3a dene meM bar3I sahAyatA kI hai| kahIM-kahIM ve bhAvI ghaTanAoM kA saMketa bhI detI haiN| ve nAyaka ke cAritrika guNoM kA udghATana karate hue, kavi ko apane nizcita uddezya taka pahuMcAne meM

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46 anekAnta/55/2 saphala banAtI hai| inhIM ke kAraNa use upadeza dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM pdd'tii| "kAvya' aura 'mahAkAvya' kI kasauTI para bhI kavi kA 'jaMbusAmi cariu' carita-nAmAntaka mahAkAvya pUrI taraha kharA utaratA hai| bhAvayojanA kI dRSTi se ise premAkhyAnaka mahAkAvya kahA gayA hai| isakA Arambha bar3e bhAI ke dvArA choTe bhAI bhavadeva ke anicchA pUrvaka dIkSita kara liye jAne se priya-viyogajanya vipralaMbha zrRMgAra se hotA hai| para anta meM zAnta rasa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| kavi ne isa kRti meM mukhya rUpa se vIra, bIbhatsa, raudra, bhayAnaka evaM zAnta rasoM kI yojanA kI hai| isake alAvA adbhuta, karuNa aura hAsya rasa ke aMza bhI isa kAvya meM milate to hai, para bahuta hI thor3I mAtrA meN| kavi ne svayaM bhI apanI isa racanA kA zrRMgAra vIra rasAtmaka mahAkAvya kahA hai| kavi kI rasa yojanA kA Ananda lene ke liye isa kRti ke kucha pramukha prasaMga haSTavya haiM- viyoga zRMgAra-mithunoM kI udyAna krIr3A,13 saMyoga zRMgAra-jambU kI pravrajyA ke samAcAra se vicalita mAtA kI manodazA,14 zAnta rasa-bhavadeva kA antardvandva, bhagavAna mahAvIra kA upadeza tathA saMdhi tIna sampUrNa tathA saMdhi ATha, gyAraha bhI lagabhaga puurnn| vIra rasa-yuddha varNana meM, bhayAnaka aura bIbhatsa rasa kramazaH yuddha varNana aura vidyuccara muni ke Upara daivI upasarga ke prasaMgo meM milatA hai, rasoM ke sAtha hI kAvyatva utpanna karane hetu, kavi ne yathA-sthAna alaMkAra, guNa aura rItiyoM kI bhI suMdara yojanA kI hai| alaMkAroM meM kavi ne anuprAsa, yamaka", upamA, rupaka aura utprekSA alaMkAroM kA sundara prayoga kiyA hai| vasanta Rtu meM mithunoM kI udyAna krIr3A meM utprekSA kI chaTA dekhate hI banatI hai|20 rUpaka kA prayoga to kavi ne isa kRti meM AdyopAMta kiyA hai| chandoM kI dRSTi se isakI racanA pramukha rupa se 16 mAtrika chandoM meM huI hai| kavi ne mAdhurya-bhavadeva kA patnI smaraNa (2.14), oja-hAthI kA upadrava (4.21) yuddhavarNana (5.14, 6.11) aura prasAda sabhI guNa kA prayoga kiyA hai| prasAda guNa ke to zAtAdhika udAharaNa milate hai| kucha pramukha sandarbha- kavi kA vinaya pradarzana (2.2) magadha deza kA varNana (1.8) rAniyoM kA saundarya (1.12), vasanta Agamana (4. 15.7-16) jaMbUsvAmI kA Atma-cintana (9.1) aadi| isa prakAra hama dekhate hai ki kavi kI yaha kRti guNayukta aura doSamukta hai| racanA zailI kI dRSTi se 'jaMbusAmi cariu'

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anekAnta/55/2 kI racanA kisI eka zailI meM nahI huii| dUsarI saMdhi kA adhikAMza bhAga jahA~ vaidarmI zailI meM hai, to jaMbusvAmI kI mAtA ke sapane, vasanta Agamana para udyAna kA saundarya tathA tIsarI saMdhi kA adhikAMza bhAga vaidarbhI kI aura jhukatI huI pAMcAlI zailI meM hai| isI prakAra hAthI kA upadrava, yuddha evaM vidyuccara kA dezadarzana gauDI rIti meM racA gayA hai| kavi ne apanI isa kRti meM subhASita aura lokoktiyoM kA bhI sundara prayoga kiyA hai| kucha udAharaNa dekhiye-candramA kI kiraNa kauna chU sakatA hai| (5.4.12); sUrya ke ghor3e kI gati ko kauna roka sakatA hai| (5.5.1); yamarAja ke bhaiMse ke sIMga ko kauna ukhAr3a sakatA hai| (3.5.2) yahI nahIM, kavi ne kahAvatoM kA bhI sundara prayoga kiyA hai| mUrkha kisAna (9.4), vidyAdhara (9.6), sarpa (9. 10) Adi prasaMgoM meM usa kI yaha kalA draSTavya hai| kavi kI 'jaMbusAmi cariu' nAmaka isa kRti meM mahAkAvya ke sabhI lakSaNa-itivRtti, vastu vyApAra varNana, saMvAda evaM bhAva vyaMjanA ye cAroM avayava santulita rUpa meM ghaTita huye hai| kavi ne jIvana kI samagratA kA citraNa kaI janmoM kI kahAnI kA Alambana lekara kiyA hai| kRti kI bhASA vyAkaraNa sammata apabhraMza hai| isa meM saMskRta aura prAkRta ke zabda hI nahIM milate, balki pahalI saMdhi ke anta meM saMskRta ke kucha zloka tathA pA~cavI saMdhi ke 11veM kaDavaka meM eka AryA milatI hai| prAkRta kI to aneka gAthAe~ hI pratyeka saMdhi ke prArambha meM mila jAtI haiN| saMkSepa meM isameM zruti madhura zabda, artha gAmbhIrya (1.2.1, 8.18) arthagata spaSTatA aura artha saundarya (7.14) Adi kaI vizeSatAyeM dekhane ko milatI hai| apanI isa kRti meM kavi ne tatkAlIna dhArmika, sAmAjika aura Arthika sthiti kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| dharma ke nAma para yajJoM meM pazubali dI jAtI thii| logoM kI taMtra-maMtra meM AsthA thii| samAja meM vibhinna varNo ke dvArA saMpAdita kiye jAne vAle kAryo kI carcA karate huye kavi ne brAhmaNoM ko vaidika sAhitya kA adhyayana karane vAlA kahA hai, kSatriyoM kA mukhya kArya yuddha meM lar3anA thA, vaizyoM kA mukhya vyavasAya-vyApAra yA vANijya thaa| usa samaya jala aura thala donoM hI mArgoM se vyApAra hotA thaa| (8.3.9) 'jaMbusAmi cariu' meM 'zUdra' kA ullekha na hokara eka antara kathA (10.12.27) meM mehatara ke liye karma kAra/karmakara, zabda AyA hai (10.15-27) / zikSA gurugRha meM rahakara hI prApta

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48 anekAnta/55/2 kI jAtI thii| vivAha vyavasthA thI (2.9.10) bhavadeva ko nAgavasu se vivAha, jaMbUsvAmI kA cAra kanyAoM se vivaah| kavi ne usa yuga ke grAma jIvana va nagarIya jIvana kI bhI carcA kI hai| nagaroM meM U~ce gavAkSa yukta prAsAda, U~ce devAlaya, dAnazAlAyeM (3.3.1) dyUta gRha (8.3.13) vezyA gRha (3.2.5-6) Adi the| grAmya jIvana kI jhalaka magadha ke 'vardhamAna' gA~va ke prasaMga meM milatA hai| yahAM kI ramaNiyAM bahuta sundara thii| brAhmaNa samUha milakara veda pATha karate the| navadIkSita purohita pazuhoma karate the aura pratidina khUba soma pAna krte| yahAM bar3e-bar3e sarovara the| mahue ke vRkSa bahutAyata se pAe jAte the| dhAna kI khetI hotI thii| nAgarika zraddhAlu aura sampanna the| sAdhAraNa daridroM ke jIvana kA bhI citraNa kavi kI isa kRti meM milatA hai| kavi ke dvArA dI gaI samakAlIna aitihAsika ghaTanAe~ bhI tatkAlIna itihAsa para acchA prakAza DAlatI hai| kula milAkara yaha eka zreSTha kRti hai| sandarbha sUcI (1) kAmatA prasAda jaina, 'hindI jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa', (2) 'jabusAmi cariu' prazasti, padya saM. 2 pRSTha sa 232, (3) vahI, padya saM. 5. pRSTha sa 232, (4) 'jaMbusAmi cariu', prastAvanA, pRSTha sa. 16-17. (5) vahI, prastAvanA, pRSTha saM. 35, (6) 'jabusAmi cariu' prazasti padya saM 6-8, pR sa. 232, (7) vahI, 2.3.3, (8) vahI, vahI, (9) vahI, 1.343, 3.121-233, 5.8.33-34, (10) vahI, 5.8.31-32, (11) vahI, 31.3-4, (12) vahI, prastAvanA pR. saM. 92, (13) vahI, 4.17-18, (14) vahI, 8.7, 9.14 (15) vahI 2.66, (16) vahI, 2.1, (17) vahI, 6.75-7, 6; 10.4; 1 4; 7.1.9-22, (18) vahI, 10.26.1-4, (19) vahI, 2.62.7,3.24-9, (20) vahI 4 16.11-12 sadasya nidezaka maNDala, kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura 'tRpti nivAsa' - 107, galI naM. 3, tilaka nagara, indaura-452018 dUrabhASa - 0731-490619

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RSabha nagara (marasalagaMja) kA jaina mandira -surezacandra jaina bAroliyA anekoM vaibhavapUrNa, camatkArI gAthAoM se ghirI huI uttara pradeza kI pramukha suhAganagarI phirojAbAda se 21 kilomITara dUra zrI di0 jaina atizaya kSetra RSabha nagara, marasalagaMja jahAM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM dukhI mAnava jIvana kI manokAmanAoM kI pUrti aura pariNAmoM meM zAnti prApti ke lie Ate rahe haiN| dukhaH ke isa vAtAvaraNa meM jaba ki pratyeka bandhu kisI na kisI rUpa se dukhI hai usI dukhI vAtAvaraNa meM zAnti pradAna karane ke liye ye mandira dukhI mAnava kI zaraNasthalI hai| isa mahAmanohara prAcIna kSetra kA aisA atizaya hai ki yahAM ke bhavya jinAlaya meM praveza karate hI pratyeka yAtrI ko zAnti evaM nirAkulatA kA anubhava hotA hai tathA anekoM zubha saMkalpa pUrNa hote haiN| RSabhanagara ke isa mahAn atizaya camatkArI jaina mandira meM digambaratva ke mahAna santoM ke pAvana caraNa par3e binA nahI raha sake jinameM san 1957 meM caritra cakravartI AcArya zAnti sAgara jI (dakSiNa) pramukha hai| unakI smRti meM yahAM zikhara yukta smAraka sundara tAlAba-bagIce Adi kA nirmANa huaa| 18 bhASA-bhASI AcArya mahAvIra kIrti jI, sanmArga divAkara AcArya vimalasAgara jI, aryikAratna vizuddhamati mAtAjI, bAlAcArya nemIsAgara jI, bAlayogI muni amita sAgara jI Adi anekoM santo ne ise bhUmi se caraNa ko sparza kara apane ko dhanya kiyA hai| ina santoM ne isa tIrthaM ko mahAn camatkArI evaM tyAgiyoM ke dhyAna karane yogya batAyA hai| mandira ke nirmANa evaM pratiSThA kI anekoM camatkArI ghaTanAe~ hai| IsA kI pandrahavIM sadI meM dakSiNa dizA vAsI gauDa vipravarNa digambara jaina dharmAlambI tathA anekoM maMtra-tantra ke jJAtA pUjya bAbA 105 zrI RSabhadAsa jI kA yakAyaka vihAra karate huye isa puNyabhUmi para zubhAgamana huA bAbA kevala eka caddara va

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50 anekAnta/55/2 laMgoTI ke parigraha ke dhAraka the| usa samaya marasalagaMja dhanadhAnya se paripUrNa eka vyApArika kendra thaa| bAbA RSabha dAsa ne isa puNyabhUmi para mandira banavAne kA saMkalpa kiyaa| nagara ke dharma premiyoM se mandira kA nirmANa kArya Arambha huaa| usI samaya kisI adharmI ne rAjA se zikAyata ki koI jaina bAbA marasalagaMja kI jamIna ko apane AdhIna kara jaina mandira kA nirmANa karavA rahA hai| rAjA ke Adeza se nirmANa kArya banda karavA diyA gyaa| kahate haiM ki kisI dhArmika kArya meM bAdhA utpanna karane para pariNAma najara Ane lagate haiN| usI rAtri rAjA apane zayana kakSa meM virAjamAna the unhoMne anubhava kiyA ki merA kilA ghUma rahA hai aura mujhe koI pITa rahA hai| magara dikhAI nahI de rahA hai| rAjA ne maMtriyoM se maMtraNA kii| kisI ne kahA- Apane bAbA ko mandira na banavAne kA Adeza diyA hai, yaha usI kA pariNAma hai| rAjA turanta naMge paira jAkara bAbA ke caraNoM meM gira gayA tathA kSamA mAMgI evaM Adeza diyA ki jitanA dhana mandira nirmANa meM lagegA vaha saba rAja koSa se diyA jAyegA koI caMdA ekatrita nahI hogaa| jitane rupaye kI jarUrata hotI thI bAbA caTAI ke nIce se nikAla kara jevara AbhUSaNa rupayA Adi diyA karate the| isa prakAra eka vizAla zikhara yukta kalAtmaka jinAlaya kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| yaha camatkArI ghaTanA mandira nirmANa kI gAthA svataH kaha rahI hai| mandira meM jina bimba sthApanA kA Ayojana svayaM bAbA ne apane netRtva meM kiyA tathA dUra dUra se lAkara atizaya yukta prAcIna manamohana vItarAga zAMta mudrA kI 1008 devAdhideva bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI zvetavarNa padmAsana jinabimba ko mandira jI kI mukhya vedI meM mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM virAjamAna kiyA gyaa| yaha mUrti eka hajAra varSa pUrva pratiSThita hai| jinabimba pratiSThA ke pAvana avasara para anekoM camatkArI Azcarya janaka ghaTanAoM se samAja evaM adhikAriyoM ko bhI cakita kara diyA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki pratiSThA ke avasara para zraddhAluoM kI apAra bhIr3a thii| kue~ ke pAnI samApta ho gaye, pAnI ke lie hA-hAkAra yAtrI kara rahe the tabhI bAbA ne maMtra par3hakara kueM meM kucha kaMkaDa DAla diye to kuai meM pAnI itanA ho gayA ki Aja taka samApta nahIM huA hai| mele meM apAra bhIr3a ke kAraNa bhojana kama par3ane lgaa| bhojana banAte samaya ATA, ghI samApta ho

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anekAnta/55/2 gyaa| bAbA ne kahA ki boriyA~ mata jhADo aura eka cAdara Upara DAla do jitane ATe kI jarUrata ho le lo tathA ghI khatma ho gayA to kuai ke pAnI se hI ghI kA kAma claao| isa apAra samudAya ke lie bhojana pAnI kI sArI vyavasthAyeM bAbA kI camatkArI ghaTanAyeM haiM bAbA kA tapobala-caritrabala vidyAbala itanA tIvra thA ki jaina-jainetara samAja vizeSa prabhAvita huaa| pariNAma svarUpa bhagavAn RSabhadeva ora bAbA RSabhadAsa ke hajAroM ananya bhakta bana gaye tathA dUra-dUra se yAtrI Ate haiM aura unakI zuddha hRdaya se kI gaI kAmanAoM kI pUrti isa camatkArI jinAlaya meM Akara hotI hai| tabhI se yaha kSetra di0 jaina atizaya kSetra marasalagaMja ke nAma se prasiddha ho gayA hai| vi. saM. 2001 meM vizAla paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA huI jisameM naI vediyA~ 1008 bhagavAna zAnti nAtha, bhagavAna neminAtha kI padmAsana pratimAyeM virAjamAna kI gayI haiN| melA bhUmi kI sImA para 5 vizAla dvAra banavAye gaye haiM jinheM zrI RSabhadeva dvAra, zrI daulatarAma dvAra, zrI mAnika dvAra, zrI abhayadvAra evaM zrI vijaya dvAra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| melA bhUmi ke bIca meM aMhisA stambha kalAtmaka evaM sudIrgha banA huA hai| bhItara vAle mandira ke bhUbhAga meM bAbA RSabhadAsa kI dhyAna guphA hai, jisameM bAbA kI caraNa pAdukA hai| jahAM mAnava zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai, bhaktoM kA mAnanA hai ki Aja bhI bhagavAna AdinAtha ke samakSa kI gaI kAmanAoM kI pUrti hotI hai tathA bAbA kI caraNaraja lagAne se preta-bAdhAyeM dUra hotI hai| yahAM prativarSa bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI pAvana janma jayantI eka vizAla mele ke rUpa meM manAI jAtI hai| bI-677 kamalAnagara, AgarA dUrabhASa - 381645

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samavasaraNa : eka vimarza ____ -samaNI maMgalaprajJA jaina Agama sAhitya evaM bauddha sAhitya meM vibhinna matavAdoM kA ullekha prApta hai|| upaniSadoM meM bhI yatra-tatra vibhinna matavAdoM kA ullekha hai| zvetAzvataropaniSad meM kAlavAda, svabhAvavAda, niyativAda Adi kI carcA hai|' maitrAyaNI upaniSad meM kAlavAda kI spaSTa mAnyatA pracalita hai|' bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM matavAdoM kI bahulatA thii| dRSTivAda nAma ke bArahaveM aMga meM 363 dRSTiyoM kA nirUpaNa aura nigraha kiyA jAtA hai, aisA dhavalA meM ullekha hai eSAM dRSTizatAnAM trayANAM triSaSTyuttarANAM prarUpaNaM nigrahazca dRSTivAde kriyte|' dRSTivAda ke sambandha meM "samavAyAMga evaM naMdI meM isa prakAra kA ullekha nahIM hai, phira bhI dRSTivAda nAma se hI pramANita hotA hai ki usameM samasta dRSTiyoM-darzanoM kA nirUpaNa hai| dRSTivAda dravyAnuyoga hai| tattvamImAMsA usakA mukhya viSaya hai| isalie usameM dRSTiyoM kA nirUpaNa honA svAbhAvika hai|'' bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM 363 matavAda the-yaha samavAyagata sUtrakRtAMga ke vivaraNa tathA sUtrakRtAMganiyukti' se jJAta hotA hai, kintu una matavAdoM tathA unake AcAryoM ke nAma vahAM ullikhita nahIM hai| jaina paramparA ke Adi sAhitya meM ye bheda tatkAlIna matavAdoM ke rUpa meM saMkalita kara diye gaye the, kintu uttaravartI sAhitya meM unakI paramparAgata saMkhyA prApta rahI, unakA pratyakSa paricaya nahIM rhaa| uttaravartI vyAkhyAkAroM ne ina matavAdoM ko gaNita kI prakriyA se samajhAyA hai kintu vaha prakriyA mUlasparzI nahIM lgtii| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki 363 matoM kI maulika artha-paramparA vicchinna hone ke pazcAt unheM gaNita kI prakriyA ke AdhAra para samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| usa vargIkaraNa se dArzanika avadhAraNA kA samyak bodha nahIM ho pAtA hai|

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anekAnta/55/2 dArzanika vicAradhArA ke saMdarbha meM samavasaraNa kI avadhAraNA ___ jaina Agama sAhitya meM cAra samavasaraNoM kA ullekha hai|' unameM ina 363 matavAdoM kA samAhAra ho jAtA hai| sUtrakRtAMga prathama zrutaskandha ke bArahaveM adhyayana kA nAma hI samavasaraNa hai tathA usakA prArambha ina cAra samavasaraNoM ke ullekha se hI hotA hai cattAri samosaraNANimANi pAvAdayA jAiM puDho vyNti| kiriyaM akiriyaM viNayaM ti taiyaM aNNAmAhaMsu cutthmev|| samavasaraNa kA artha hai-vaad-sNgm| jahAM aneka darzanoM yA dRSTiyoM kA milana hotA hai, use samavasaraNa kahate haiM samavasarati jesu darisaNANi diTThIo vA tANi smosrnnaanni|'' kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda, ajJAnavAda evaM vinayavAda ye cAra samavasaraNa haiN| niyukti meM asti ke AdhAra para kriyAvAda, nAsti ke AdhAra para akriyAvAda, ajJAna ke AdhAra para ajJAnavAda aura vinaya ke AdhAra para vinayavAda kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| 12 kriyAvAda cAra samavasaraNoM meM eka hai- kriyaavaad| kriyAvAda aura akriyAvAda kA ciMtana AtmA ko kendra meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| kriyAvAda AtmA kA astiva mAnate haiN| AtmA hai, vaha punarbhavagAmI hai| vaha karma kA kartA hai, karma-phala kA bhoktA hai aura usakA nirvANa hotA hai- yaha kriyAvAda kA pUrNa lakSaNa hai| kriyAvAda kI vistRta vyAkhyA dazAzrutaskandha meM milatI hai| usake anusAra jo Astika hotA hai, samyagvAdI hotA hai, ihaloka-paraloka meM vizvAsa karatA hai, karma evaM karmaphala meM vizvAsa karatA hai| vaha kriyAvAdI hai| zAzrutaskandha ke vivecana se kriyAvAda ke cAra artha phalita hote haiM- AstikavAda, samyagvAda, punarjanma aura krmvaad| sUtrakRtAMga meM kriyAvAda ke AdhArabhUta siddhAntoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| ve siddhAnta nimnalikhita haiM (1) AtmA hai (2) loka hai (3) Agati aura anAgati hai (4) zAzvata

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54 anekAnta/55/2 aura azAzvata hai (5) janma aura maraNa hai (6) upapAta aura cyavana hai (7) adhogamana hai (8) Asrava aura saMvara hai (9) du:kha aura nirjarA hai| 14 kriyAvAda meM una sabhI dharma-vAdoM ko sammilita kiyA gayA hai jo AtmA Adi padArthoM ke astitva meM vizvAsa karate the aura jo Atma-kartRtva ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra karate the| AcArAMga meM AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda aura kriyAvAda kA ullekha hai|' AcArAMga meM AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda aura kriyAvAda kA pRthak-pRthak nirUpaNa hai| yahAM kriyAvAda kA artha kevala Atma-kartRtvavAda hI hogA, kiMtu samavasaraNa ke prasaMga meM Agata kriyAvAda kA tAtparya AtmavAda, karmavAda Adi sabhI siddhAntoM kI samanviti se hai| kriyAvAdI jIva kA astitva mAnate haiN| usakA astitva mAnane para bhI ve jIva ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM ekamata nahIM haiN| kucha jIva ko sarvavyApI mAnate haiM, kucha use a-sarvavyApI mAnate haiN| kucha mUrta mAnate haiM, kucha amUrta mAnate haiM, kucha aMguSTha jitanA mAnate haiM aura kucha zyAmAka taMdula jitnaa| kucha use hRdaya meM adhiSThita pradIpa kI zikhA jaisA mAnate haiN| kriyAvAdI karmaphala ko mAnate haiN| 6 kriyAvAdI ko Astika bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki ye asti ke AdhAra para tattvoM kA nirUpaNa karate haiN| tattvArthavArtika, SaDdarzana samuccaya Adi granthoM meM kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI Adi ke kucha AcAryoM kA nAmollekha huA hai| 18 jo kriyA ko pradhAna mAnate haiN| jJAna ke mahattva ko asvIkAra karate haiN| unako bhI kucha vicAraka kriyAvAdI kahate haiN| zrI harmana jekobI ne vaizeSikoM ko kriyAvAdI kahA hai|20 yadyapi unhoMne isa svIkRti kA koI hetu nahIM diyA hai tathA zrImAn je. sI. sikandara ne zramaNa nirgranthoM evaM nyAya-vaizeSikoM ko kriyAvAda ke antargata sammilita kiyA hai| isa samAhAra kA hetu unhoMne Atma-astitva evaM Atma-kartRtva kI svIkRti ko mAnA hai| kiMtu ye donoM mata vimarzanIya haiM kyoMki zramaNa nirgranthoM kA prastuta kriyAvAda meM samAhAra nahIM ho sakatA tathA vaizeSika kI avadhAraNA bhI sarvathA kriyAvAda ke anukUla nahIM hai| sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi meM to use spaSTa

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anekAnta/55/2 55 rUpa se akriyAvAdI kahA hai22 tathA sthAnAMga meM akriyAvAda ke ATha prakAra meM eka anekavAdI hai| usake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM AcArya mahAprajJajI ne vaizeSika darzana kA ullekha kiyA hai|23 akriyAvAda ___ jo AtmA ke astitva ko svIkAra nahIM karate use akriyAvAdI kahA jAtA hai| kevala citta zuddhi ko Avazyaka evaM kriyA ko anAvazyaka mAnane vAle akriyAvAdI kahalAte haiN| ve bauddha dArzanika haiN|24 sUtrakRtAMga ke prathama adhyayana meM bauddhoM ko kriyAvAdI kahA gayA hai tathA samavasaraNa adhyayana kI cUrNi meM bauddhoM ko akriyAvAdI kahA gayA hai| muni jambUvijayajI ne apekSAbheda ke AdhAra para samanvaya karane kA saMketa kiyA hai tathA aMguttara nikAya meM buddha ko akriyAvAdI kahA hai, aisA bhI unhoMne ullekha kiyA hai| akriyAvAdI kriyA arthAt astitva kA sarvathA uccheda mAnate haiN| unakA abhimata hai ki sabhI padArtha kSaNika haiN| kisI bhI kSaNika padArtha kI dUsare kSaNa taka sattA nahIM rahatI ata: usameM kriyA kI sambhAvanA hI nahIM hai| isIlie AtmA Adi nitya padArthoM kA astitva nahIM hai| kokula, dviromaka, kANThevi, sugata Adi pramukha akriyAvAdI haiN| 28 niyuktikAra ne 'nAsti' ke AdhAra para akriyAvAda kI vyAkhyA kI hai| nAsti ke cAra phalita hote haiM1. AtmA kA asvIkAra 2. AtmA ke kartRtva kA asvIkAra 3. karma kA asvIkAra aura 4. punarjanma kA asviikaar| ___akriyAvAdI ko nAstikavAdI, nAstikaprajJa evaM nAstikadRSTi kahA gayA hai| sthAnAMgavRtti meM akriyAvAdI ko nAstika bhI kahA gayA hai| 12 sthAnAMga sUtra meM akriyAvAdI ke ATha prakAra batalAe gae haiM1. ekavAdI-eka hI tattva ko svIkAra karane vaale|

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56 anekAnta/55/2 2. anekavAdI-dharma aura dharmI ko sarvathA bhinna mAnane vAle athavA sakala padArthoM ko vilakSaNa mAnane vAle, ekatva ko sarvathA asvIkAra karane vaale| 3. mitavAdI-jIvoM ko parimita mAnane vaale| 4. nirmitvaadii-iishvrkrtRtvvaadii| 5. sAtavAdI-sukha se hI sukha kI prApti mAnane vAle, sukhvaadii| 6. smucchedvaadii-kssnnikvaadii| 7. nityavAdI-loka ko ekAnta mAnane vaale| 8. asat paralokavAdI-paraloka meM vizvAsa na karane vaale| ___ sthAnAMga meM akriyAvAda kA prayoga anAtmavAda evaM ekAntavAda donoM arthoM meM huA hai| ina ATha vAdoM meM chaha vAda ekAntadRSTi vAle haiN| samucchedavAda tathA asatparalokavAda-ye do anAtmavAda haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne dharmyaza kI dRSTi se jaise cArvAka ko nAstika kahA hai, vaise hI dharmAza kI dRSTi se sabhI ekAntavAdiyoM ko nAstika kahA hai dhayaMze nAstiko hyeko, bArhaspatyaH prkiirtitH| dharmAze nAstikA jJeyAH sarve'pi prtiirthikaaH||" sthAnAMga meM prastuta vAdoM kA saMkalana karate samaya kauna-sI dArzanika dhArAeM sAmane rahI hogI, kahanA kaThina hai, kiMtu vartamAna meM una dhArAoM ke saMvAhaka dArzanika nimna hai1. ekavAdI- (1) brhmaadvaitvaadii-vedaant| (2) vijnyaanaadvaitvaadii-bauddh| ___ (3) shbdaadvaitvaadii-vaiyaakrnn| brahmAdvaitavAdI ke anusAra brahma, vijJAnAdvaitavAdI ke anusAra vijJAna aura zabdAdvaitavAdI ke anusAra zabda pAramArthika tattva hai, zeSa tattva apAramArthika hai, isIlie ye sAre ekavAdI haiN| 2. anekavAdI-vaizeSika anekavAdI darzana hai| usake anusAra dharma-dharmI, avayava-avayavI bhinna-bhinna hai|35

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anekAnta/55/2 3. mitavAdI- (1) jIvoM kI parimita saMkhyA mAnane vaale| isakA vimarza syAdvAdamaMjarI meM kiyA gayA hai| 36 (2) AtmA ko aMguSThaparva jitanA athavA zyAmAka taMdula jitanA mAnane vaale| yaha aupaniSadika abhimata hai| (3) loka ko kevala sAta dvIpa-samudra kA mAnane vaale| yaha paurANika abhimata hai| 4. nirmitavAdI-naiyAyika, vaizeSika Adi loka ko IzvarakRta mAnate haiN| 5. sAtavAdI bauddha 6. samucchedavAdI-pratyeka padArtha kSaNika hotA hai| dUsare kSaNa meM usakA uccheda ho jAtA hai| 7. nityavAdI-sAMkhyAbhimata satkAryavAda ke anusAra padArtha kUTastha nitya hai| kAraNarUpa meM pratyeka vastu kA astitva vidyamAna hai| koI bhI nayA padArtha utpanna nahIM hotA aura koI bhI padArtha naSTa nahIM hotaa| kevala unakA AvirbhAva tirobhAva hotA hai| 8. asat paralokavAdI-cArvAka darzana mokSa yA paraloka ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| cUrNikAra ne sAMkhya darzana aura Izvara ko jagatkartA mAnane vAle vaizeSika darzana ko akriyAvAdI darzana mAnA hai tathA paMcabhUtavAdI, caturbhUtavAdI, skandha mAtrika, zUnyavAdI aura lokAyatika-ina darzanoM ko bhI akriyAvAda ke antargata parigaNita kiyA hai| _vaizeSika evaM sAMkhya darzana AtmavAdI hai phira unheM akriyAvAdI kyoM kahA gayA hai? cUrNi meM isakA samAdhAna nahIM hai| sAMkhya darzana meM AtmA karma kA kartA nahIM hai aura vaizeSika darzana meM AtmA karmaphala bhogane meM svataMtra nahIM hai| isI apekSA se cUrNikAra ne donoM darzanoM ko akriyAvAda kI koTi meM parigaNita kiyA hai, aisI sambhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai| yaha AcAryazrI mahAprajJajI kA abhimata hai|

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58 anekAnta/55/2 _akriyAvAdI ke 84 bheda mAne gaye haiN| kriyAvAda kI taraha hI isake bheda bhI gaNitIya paddhati ke AdhAra para hI kiye gaye haiN| ajJAnavAda ajJAnavAda kA AdhAra ajJAna hai| ajJAnavAda meM do prakAra kI vicAradhArAeM saMkalita haiN| kucha ajJAnavAdI AtmA ke hone meM saMdeha karate haiM aura unakA mata hai ki AtmA hai to bhI use jAnane se kyA lAbha? dUsarI vicAradhArA ke anusAra jJAna saba samasyAoM kA mUla hai, isalie ajJAna hI zreyaskara hai| ___ ajJAnavAdI kahate haiM- aneka darzana haiM aura aneka dArzanika haiN| ve saba satya ko jAnane kA dAvA karate haiM, kiMtu una sabakA jAnanA paraspara virodhI hai| satya paraspara virodhI nahIM hotaa| yadi una dArzanikoM kA jJAna satya kA jJAna hotA to vaha paraspara virodhI nahIM hotaa| vaha paraspara virodhI hai, isalie satya nahIM hai| isalie ajJAna hI zreya hai| jJAna se lAbha hI kyA hai? zIla meM udyama karanA caahiye| jJAna kA sAra hai-zIla, sNvr| zIla aura tapa se svarga aura mokSa prApta hotA hai| isalie ajJAna hI zreyaskara hai| prAcInakAla meM ajJAnavAda kI vibhinna zAkhAeM thiiN| unameM saMjayavelaTThiputta ke ajJAnavAda yA saMzayavAda kA bhI samAveza hotA hai| sUtrakRtAMga ke cUrNikAra ne ajJAnavAda kI pratipAdana paddhati ke sAta aura prakArAntara se cAra vikalpoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 42 sUtrakRtAMga cUrNikAra ne mRgacArikA kI caryA karane vAlI, aTavI meM rahakara puSpa aura phala khAne vAle tyAgazUnya saMnyAsiyoM ko ajJAnavAdI kahA hai|43 sAkalya, vASkala, kuthumi, sAtyamuni, nArAyaNa Adi ajJAnavAda ke AcArya the|44 vinayavAda vinayavAda kA mUla AdhAra vinaya hai| inakA abhimata hai ki vinaya se hI saba kucha prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi ke anusAra vinayavAdiyoM kA abhimata hai ki kisI bhI sampradAya yA gRhastha kI niMdA nahIM karanI

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anekAnta/55/2 caahie| sabake prati vinamra honA caahie| 45 vinayavAdiyoM ke battIsa prakAra nirdiSTa haiN| devatA, rAjA, yati, yAti, sthavira, kRpaNa, mAtA evaM pitA-ina AThoM kA mana, vacana, kAya evaM dAna se vinaya karanA caahiye| 46 ina AThoM ko cAra se guNA karane para inake battIsa bheda ho jAte haiN| sUtrakRtAMga cUrNikAra ne 'dANAmA' 'pANAmA' Adi pravrajyAoM ko vinayavAdI kI batalAyA hai| 47 ANamA aura pANamA pravrajyA bhagavatI sUtra meM ANAmA aura pANAmA pravrajyA kA svarUpa nirdiSTa hai| tAmalipti nagarI meM tAmalI gAthApati rahatA thaa| usane 'pANAmA' pravrajyA svIkAra kii| pANAmA kA svarUpa vahAM varNita hai| 'pANAmA' pravrajyA grahaNa karane ke pazcAt vaha tAmalI jahAM kahIM indra-skandha, rudra, ziva, vaizramaNa, durgA, cAmuNDA Adi deviyoM tathA rAjA, Izvara, talavara, mADabika, kauTumbika, Ibhya, zreSThI, senApati, sArthavAha, kauA, kuttA yA cANDAla ko dekhatA to unheM praNAma krtaa| unheM UMcA dekhatA to UMce praNAma karatA aura nIce dekhatA to nIce praNAma krtaa|48 pUraNa gAthApati ne 'dANAmA' pravrajyA svIkAra kii| usakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai-pravrajyA ke pazcAt vaha cAra puTa vAlI lakar3I kA pAtra lekara 'bebhela' sanniveza meM bhikSA ke lie gyaa| jo bhojana pAtra ke pahale puTa meM giratA use pathikoM ko de detaa| jo bhojana dUsare puTa meM giratA use kaue, kuttoM ko de detaa| jo bhojana tIsare puTa meM giratA use maccha-kacchoM ko de detaa| jo cauthe puTa meM giratA vaha svayaM khA letaa| yaha 'dANAmA' pravrajyA svIkAra karane vAloM kA AcAra hai| vinaya kA artha vRttikAra zIlAMkAcArya ne bhI vinaya kA artha vinamratA hI kiyA hai| kiMtu AcArya mahAprajJa ke anusAra prastuta prasaMga meM vinaya kA artha AcAra honA caahiye| unhoMne apane abhimata kI puSTi meM jaina AgamoM ke saMdarbha uddhRta kiye haiN| jJAtAdharmakathA meM jaina dharma ko vinayamUlaka dharma batalAyA gayA hai| thAvaccAputra

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60 anekAnta/55/2 ne zukadeva se kahA-mere dharma kA mUla vinaya hai| yahAM vinaya zabda mahAvrata aura aNuvrata artha meM vyavahata hai| bauddhoM ke vinayapiTaka grantha meM AcAra kI vyavasthA hai| vinaya zabda AcAra artha meM prayukta hotA rahA hai| vinaya zabda ke AdhAra para vinamratA aura AcAra-ye donoM artha abhipreta haiN| AcAra para adhika bala dene vAlI dRSTi kA pratipAdana bauddha sAhitya meM bhI milatA hai| jo loga AcAra ke niyamoM kA pAlana karane mAtra se zIla-zuddhi hotI hai- aisA mAnate the, unheM 'zIlabbataparAmAsa' kahA gayA hai| kevala jJAnavAdI aura kevala AcAravAdI-ye donoM dhArAeM usa samaya pracalita thiiN| jJAnavAdI jaise jJAna ke dvArA hI siddhi mAnate the, vaise hI AcAravAdI kevala AcAra para hI bala dete the| jJAnavAda aura AcAravAda donoM ekAMgI hone ke kAraNa mithyAdRSTi kI koTi meM Ate haiN| vinayavAda ke dvArA aikAntika AcAravAda kI dRSTi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| vinamratAvAda AcAravAda kA hI eka aMga hai, isalie usakA bhI isameM samAveza ho jAtA hai, kiMtu vinaya kA kevala vinamratA artha karane se AcAravAda kA usameM samAveza nahIM ho sktaa|" vaziSTha pArAzara Adi isa darzana ke viziSTa AcArya the| jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM ullekha kiyA thA ki cAra vAdoM ke 363 bheda mAtra gaNitIya paddhati ke AdhAra para kiye haiN| jisakA vistAra se ullekha gommaTasAra meM bhI huA hai| kriyAvAdI vastu ko 'asti' rUpa hI mAnate haiN| ve vastu ko svarUpa evaM pararUpa donoM hI prakAra se asti rUpa mAnate haiN| nitya-anitya ke vikalpa se ' bhI vastu ko nitya mAnate haiN| kAla, Izvara, AtmA, niyati evaM svabhAva se jIva, ajIva Adi nau padArthoM ko svataH, parataH, nitya evaM anitya ke vikalpa se 'asti' rUpa mAnate haiN| inako paraspara guNita karane se kriyAvAdI ke 180 bheda ho jAte haiN| 56 ____ akriyAvAdI vastu ko svarUpa evaM pararUpa donoM hI apekSA se 'nAsti' kahate haiN| akriyAvAda meM puNya, pApa evaM nitya-anitya ke vikalpa kI yojanA nahIM hai| jIva Adi sAta padArthoM kI kAla, Izvara Adi ke svataH parata: se

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anekAnta/55/2 guNita karane para unake sattara bheda hote haiM tathA niyati evaM kAla kI apekSA jIva Adi sAta padArtha nahIM hai, isa guNana se unake 14 bheda ho jAte haiN| 70 evaM 14 milakara 84 ho jAte haiN| gommaTasAra ke ullekha se jJAta hotA hai akriyAvAdiyoM meM bhI do prakAra kI avadhAraNA thiiN| eka to kAla Adi pAMcoM se hI jIva Adi kA niSedha karate haiM tathA dUsare mAtra niyati evaM kAla kI apekSA se jIva Adi padArthoM kA niSedha karate haiM donoM kA ekatra samAhAra kara lene se akriyAvAdI ke 84 bheda ho jAte haiN| prastuta vimarza se yaha bhI parilakSita ho rahA hai ki kAlavAdI Adi dArzanika kriyAvAdI evaM akriyAvAdI donoM hI prakAra ke the| jo kAla Adi ke AdhAra para jIva Adi padArtho kA astitva siddha karate the ve kriyAvAdI ho gaye jo inakA inhIM hetuoM se nAstika siddha karate the ve akriyAvAdI ho gye| akriyAvAdiyoM ne puNya, pApa, nityatA-anityatA Adi vikalpoM ko kyoM nahIM svIkAra kiyA, yaha anveSaNIya hai| nava tattva kA AdhAra kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI ke bheda navatattva ko AdhAra banAkara kiye gaye haiN| nava tattvoM ke saMdarbha meM isa prakAra kA mAtra vaicArika prasthAna hI rahA hogA, ho sakatA hai zramaNa nirgranthoM meM isa prakAra kA pArasparika vicAra hotA rahA ho usakA hI ullekha ina matavAdoM meM ho gayA ho| inake vAstavika prasthAnoM kA astitva ho, aisA saMbhava nahIM lgtaa| jIva Adi nava padArtho ko asti, nAsti sAta bhaMgoM se sAtha guNita karane para tiresaTha bheda ho jAte haiN| jIva hai, aisA kauna jAnatA, jIva nahIM hai aisA kauna jAnatA hai, isa prakAra sabhI bhaMgoM ke sAtha saMyojanA kI jAtI hai|58 deva, rAjA, jJAnI, yati, vRddha, bAlaka, mAtA-pitA kA mana, vacana, kAyA evaM dAna-sammAna se vinaya karanA caahiye| ATha ko cAra guNita karane para battIsa bheda ho jAte haiN| sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM kriyAvAda Adi cAra vAdoM kA ullekha hai| 'mahAvIratthuI' adhyayana meM ina vAdoM ke ullekha ke sAtha yaha sUcanA dI gayI ki mahAvIra ne

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anekAnta/55/2 ina vAdoM ke pakSa kA nirNaya kiyA tathA sAre vAdoM ko jAnakAra ve yAvajjIvana saMyama meM upasthita rhe| prastuta vaktavya se yaha jJAta nahIM hotA ki mahAvIra kA svayaM kA pakSa kauna-sA hai kiMtu sUtrakRtAMga ke bArahaveM adhyayana meM cAra samavasaraNa kA ullekha karane ke pazcAt kramazaH ve ajJAnavAda, vinayavAda evaM akriyAvAda kI avadhAraNA ko nirAkRta karate haiM tathA anta meM kriyAvAda kI avadhAraNA kA aucitya pratipAdita karate haiM 61 isase jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra kriyAvAda kI avadhAraNA ke pakSadhara haiN| Avazyaka sUtra meM sAdhaka kahatA haimaiM akriyA kA chor3atA hUM tathA kriyA ko svIkAra karatA huuN| 62 isase abhivyajita hotA hai ki jainadharma kriyAvAdI hai, kiMtu kriyA kA yadi kevala AcAra artha hI kiyA jAye to isameM pUrNa jaina dRSTi samAhita nahIM hotI kyoMki jainadharma meM jJAna aura AcAra ko samAna mahattva diyA gayA hai kadAcit jJAna ko AcAra se adhika mahattva hI diyA gayA hai| dazavaikAlika kA 'paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA' 63 kA vaktavya isa tathya kA sAkSI hai| uttaravartI jainAcAryoM ne bhI jJAna evaM cAritra donoM ko hI mokSamArga ke ghaTaka tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| 64 bhagavatI meM varNita samavasaraNa bhagavatI sUtra ke tIsaveM zataka kA nAma hI samavasaraNa hai| vahAM para bhI kriyAvAdI, akriyAvAdI, ajJAnavAdI evaM vinayavAdI ke bheda se cAra prakAra ke samavasaraNoM kA ullekha hai| vahAM para kriyAvAdI Adi pratyeka ko samavasaraNa kahA hai| bhagavatI vRtti meM samavasaraNa kI paribhASita karate huye kahA gayA-nAnA pariNAma vAle jIva kacit samAnatA ke kAraNa jina matoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiM ve samavasaraNa kahalAte haiM athavA paraspara bhinna kriyAvAda Adi matoM meM thor3I samAnatA ke kAraNa kahIM para kucha vAdiyoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai ve samavasaraNa haiN| bhagavatI ke prasaMga meM eka bAta dhyAtavya hai ki anyatra prAyaH sabhI jaina zAstroM meM ina cAroM ko mithyAdRSTi kahA kiMtu bhagavatI ke prastuta prasaMga meM kriyAvAdiyoM ko samyagdRSTi mAnA gayA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM kahA gayA-alezyI arthAt ayogI kevalI kriyAvAdI hI hote haiN| jo kriyAvAdI hote haiM ve bhavasiddhika hI hote haiM, akriyAvAdI, ajJAnavAdI evaM vinayavAdI bhavasiddhika evaM abhavasiddhika donoM prakAra ke ho sakate haiN| samyamithyAdRSTi

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anekAnta/55/2 jIva kriyAvAdI evaM akriyAvAdI donoM hI nahIM hote apitu ajJAnavAdI athavA vinayavAdI hote haiN| bhagavatI ke uparyukta vacana se yaha phalita hotA hai ki jaina kriyAvAdI hai| samyak dRSTi evaM kriyAvAda sUtrakRtAMga meM bhI kriyAvAda ke pratipAdaka kI arhatA meM usake jJAnapakSa ko hI mahattva diyA hai| aisA pratIta ho rahA hai ki Agama yuga meM sampUrNa vicAradhArAoM ko cAra bhAgoM meM sthUla rUpa se vibhakta kara diyA aura jaina darzana kA bhI samAveza unhIM meM (kriyAvAda) kara diyA yadyapi yaha satya hai ki sAre kriyAvAdiyoM kI avadhAraNA pUrNa rUpa se eka jaisI nahIM thI, kiMtu kucha avadhAraNAeM unakI paraspara samAna thI jaisA ki dazAzrutaskandha ke ullekha se spaSTa hai| unhIM kucha samAna avadhAraNAoM ke AdhAra para ve eka koTi meM parigaNita hone lge| jaise vaidika aura zramaNa do paramparAeM haiN| jaina, bauddha zramaNa paramparA ke aMga haiM, kiMtu isakA yaha tAtparya nahIM ki zramaNa paramparA ke hone ke kAraNa unakI sArI avadhAraNAeM eka jaisI ho, hAM, itanA to spaSTa hai ki unameM kucha avadhAraNAeM samAna haiM, jisase ve vaidika dhArA ke pRthak hokara zramaNa paramparA meM samAhita hote haiM ThIka isI prakAra kriyAvAda ke saMdarbha meM samajhanA caahiye| sAre kriyAvAdI jaina nahIM haiN| yaha spaSTa hai| ataH sAre kriyAvAdI samyagdRSTi bhI nahIM ho sakate, kiMtu jo samyagdRSTi hai vaha kriyAvAdI hai isa vyApti ko svIkAra karane meM koI Apatti pratIta nahIM hotii| niyukti meM kahA bhI hai- 'sammadiTThI kiriyaavaadii|2 arthAt jo samyakadRSTi haiM ve kriyAvAdI haiM kintu isa vaktavya ko ulaTakara nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki sAre kriyAvAdI samyakdRSTi hote haiN| cUrNikAra ne yaha bhI kahA hai ki nirgranthoM ko chor3akara 363 meM avaziSTa sAre mithyAdRSTi hai| isase spaSTa hai ki cUrNikAla taka nirgrantha dharma prastuta kriyAvAda kA hI bheda rahA hai| Agama uttarakAlIna sAhitya meM ina sAre hI vAdoM ko mithyAdRSTi samajhA jAne lagA jaisA ki bhagavatIvRtti se spaSTa hai|74 yadyapi TIkAkara bhI yaha mAnane ko to vivaza haiM hI ki bhagavatI meM Agata kriyAvAda meM samyagdRSTi kA bhI

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64 anekAnta / 55/2 grahaNa hai| dArzanika paramparA ke granthoM meM to inakA vivecana ekAntavAda ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| 75 gommaTasAra ne ina 363 matoM ko svacchaMda dRSTi vAloM ke dvArA parikalpita mAnA hai|" isase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki uttaravartI dArzanika jaina darzana kA samAhAra prastuta kriyAvAda meM karane ke pakSa meM nahIM hai| sandarbha (1) (ka) sUyagaDo, 1/1 adhyayana, 12vAM, sUyagaDo 2/1, (kha) sAmaJJaphalasutta ( dIghanikAya) (2). zvetAzvatara upaniSat 1/2, 6 / 1, (3) maitrAyaNI upaniSat, 6 / 14, 15, (4) SaTkhaMDAgama, prathama khaMDa, dhavalA pR. 108, (5) sUyagaDo 1, bhUmikA pR. 22, (6) samavAo, paiNNaga samavAo, sUtra 90, (7) sUtrakRtAMga niryukti, gA. 1190, asitisayaM kiriyANaM akkiriyANa ca hoti culasIti aNNANiya sataTThI veNaiyANaM ca bttiisaa|| (8) gommaTasAra 2, (karmakANDa) gA. 877-888, pR. 1238-1243, (9) aMgasuttANi 2 (bhagavaI) 30/1, (10) sUyagaDo, 1 / 12/1, ( 11 ) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 256, ( 12 ) sUtrakRtAMganiryukti, gA. 118, asthi tti kiriyavAdI vaMdati, natthi tti akiriyavAdI y| aNNANI aNNANaM, viNaittA veNaiyavAdI / / , (13) dazAzrutaskandha, dazA 6 sUtra 7, ( 14 ) sUyagaDo, 1/12/20, 21, (15) AyAro, 1/5, se AyAvAI logAvAI, kammAvAI, kiriyAvAI / , (16) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 256, kiriyAvAdINaM atthi jIvo, atthitteM sati kesiMci zyAmAkatandulamAtraH kesiMci asavvagato hiyayAdhiTThANo....., ( 17 ) sthAnAMgavRtti, pR. 179, kriyA jIvAjIvAdirartho'stItyevaM rUpAM vadantIti kriyAvAdinaH AstikA ityartha: / , (18) (ka) tattvArthavArtika, 8/1 (kha) SaDdarzanasamuccaya, pR. 13, (19) bhagavatIvRtti, patra 944, anye tvAhu-kriyAvAdino ye bruvate kriyApradhAnaM kiM jJAnena / , (20) Jacobi, Herman, Jaina Sutras, Part II, 1980 Introduction P XXv. a Kriyavada system, (21) Sikdr, J. C, Studies in Bhagawati sutra (mujjapharapura, 1964) PP 449-450 The Kriyavadins may be identified with the followers of the Nyaya and vaisesika systems along with the Sramana Nirgrantha (22) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 254, sAMkhyavaizeSikA IzvarakAraNAdi akiriyavAdI / (23) ThANaM, 8/22 kA TippaNa, (24) bhagavatI vRtti, patra 944, anye tvAhuH- akriyAvAdino ye bruvate kiM kriyayA cittazuddhireva kAryA, te ca bauddhA iti / , (25) sUyagaDo, 1 / 1 /51, (26) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 256, ...... sunnnnvaadi.........akiriyaavaadinno|, (27) sUyagaDaMgasutaM, (muni jambUvijaya, bambaI 1978) prastAvanA, pR. 10 ( TippaNa saMkhyA 3), (28) SaDdarzana samuccaya, pR. 21, ( 29 ) sUtrakRtAMga niyukti, gA. 118, natthi tti akiriyavAdI yA, (30) dazAzrutaskandha, dazA 6, sUtra 6, (31) vahI, sUtra 6, (32) sthAnAMgavRtti, pR. 179, akriyAvAdino nAstikA ityartha: / , (33) ThANaM, 8/22, (34) nyopadeza, zloka 126, (35) anyayogavyavacchedikA, zloka 4, (36) vahI, zaloka 29, (37) sAMkhyakArikA 9, ( 38 ) sUyagaDo (prathama) TippaNa, pR. 831-33, (39) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 254, sAMkhyA vaizeSikA IzvarakAraNAdi akiriyAvAdI / (40) vahI, pR. 256, paMca mahAbhUtiyA catubbhUtiyA khaMdhamettiyA suNNavAdiNo logAitigA ya vAdi akiriyAvAdiNo / (41) sUtrakRtAMgavRtti, patra 35, ( 42 ) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 255-256, (43) vahI, pR. 256, tesu migacAriyAdayo aDavIe puppha-phalabhakkhiNo iccAdi aNNANiyA / , ( 44 ) tattvArthavArtika, 8 / 1, (45) sUtrakRtAMgacUrNi, pR. 206, veNaiyavAdiNo bhagati-Na kassa vi pAsaMDiNo'ssa gihatthassa vA giMdA kAyavvA savvasseva viNIyaviNayeNa hoyavvaM (46) vahI, pR. 255, vainayikamataM- vinayazceto- vAkkAya-dAnataH kAryaH / vaiseshika, proper, which is

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anekAnta/55/2 65 mara-nRpati-yati-jJAti-nR sthavirA dha-mAtR-pitRSu sdaa|| (47 vahI, pR. 254, veNaiyavAdINa chattIsA daannaampaannaamaadiprvrjyaa|, (48) agasuttANi 2 (bhagavaI) 3/34, (49) vahI, 3/102. tae Na tassa puraNassa gAhAvaissa aNNayA kayAi sayameva cauppuDayaM dArumaya paDiggahaga gahAya muDe bhavittA dANAmAe pavvajjAe pvvitte|, (50) sUtrakRtAgavRtti, pR 213, idAnI vinayo vidheyH|, (51) jJAtAdharmakathA, 1/5/59, tae Na thAvaccApatte .... sudaMsaNaM eva vyaasii-sudNsnnaa| viNayamUlae dhamme pnnnntte|, (52) abhidhammapiTake dhammasagaNi (mapA bhikSa jagadIza kAzyapa, nAlandA, 1960) Y 277, tattha katamo sIlabbataparAmAso? (53) sUyagaDo, 1/12 ke TippaNa, pR 499, (54) SaDdarzanasamuccaya, pR 29, vshisstthpaaraashrvaalmiikivyaaselaaputrstydtprbhRtyH| (55) vahI, (karmakANDa) gAthA 877 se 888, (56) vahI, gAthA 877, asthi sadA parado vi ya NiccANiccattaNeNa ya nnvtthaa|, kAlIsarappaNiyadimahAvehi ya tehi bhagA hu|| (57) vahI, gAthA 878, (58) gommaTamAra 2, gAthA 876, (59) vahI, gAthA 888. (60) sUyagaDo, 1/6/27 (61) sUyagaDI, 1/12/1-22, (62) zramaNa pratikramaNa, pa 32, akiriya pariyANAbhi kiriya uvsNpjjaami| (63) dasaveAliya, 4/10, (64) tattvArthasUtra, 1/1, "samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANimokSamArga:" (65) agasuttANi 2 (bhagavaI) 30/1, (66) bhagavatI vRtti, pR 944, samavasanti nAnApariNAmA jIvA. karthAcatulyatayA yeSu mateSu tAni smvsrnnaani| samavamRtayo vA'nyonyabhitreSu kriyAvAdAdi mateSu karthAcatulyatvena kacid kecit vAdinAmavatArA: smvsrnnaani| (67) bhagavatIvRnI, pR 944, eta ca sarve'pyanyatra yadyapi mithyAdRSTayA'bhihitAstathA'pIhAdyA. samyagdRSTayoM grAhyA, samyagastitvavAdinAmeva teSA smaashrynnaat|, (68) agasuttANi 2 ( bhagavaI) 30/4, (69) vahI, 30/30 (70) vahI, 3076, (71) sRyagaDo, 1/12/20-22, (72) sUtrakRtAga niyukti, gAthA 121 (73) sUtrakRtAga cUrNi, 253, tiNNi tisaTThA pAvAdiyasayANi NiggathaM mAtRNa micchAdiTThiNo tti (74) bhagavatI, vRtti patra 944. (75) tattvArtha vArtika, 8// (76) gommaTamAra (karmakANDa) gAthA 889, macchaidilihi vippiyANi tepaTThijuttANi mayANi tissnni| pADiNaM vAulakAraNANi aNNANi cinANi harati taanni|| nidezaka-mahAdevalAla sarAvagI anekAntazodhapITha jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna (mAnya vizvavidyAlaya) lADanUM (rAja.)

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55/3 9 anekAnta STARS 14.. ds SE vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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vIra sevA maMdira anekAnta kA traimAsika pravarttaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM kahA~ / kyA? / jinavara stavanam 2 bharatakSetra ke "sImadhara" digambarAcArya kundakunda padmacanda zAstrI 3 kundakunda ke viSaya meM janazruti viSayaka avadhAraNA 5 4 ahisA siddhAnta aura vyavahAra sampAdaka zrAvaka aura aNuvrata DaoN azoka kumAra jana DaoN jayakamAra jaina 6 sapta vyasana kA samAja para duprabhAva DaoN jyoti jana 7 puNya aura pApa kA sambandha nadralAla jaina 6 anekAnna zodha patrikA meM prakAzita jaina itihAsa viSayaka pramukha lekha DaoN sureza candra jana 2 6 7 19 M 41 45 varSa - 55, kiraNa- 3 julAI-sitambara 2002 sampAdaka : DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 261/3, paTala nagara mujaphpharanagara (u.pra ) phona : (0131) 603730 parAmarzadAtA : paM. padamacandra zAstrI sasthA kI AjIvana sadasyatA 1100/ vArSika zulka 307 isa aMka kA mRlya 10/ sadasyoM va maMdirA ka lie niHzulka prakAzaka bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavAkaTa mudraka mAsTara prinTarsa 11003. vizeSa sUcanA vidvAn lekhaka apana vicArA ke lie svatantra hai| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho| isameM prAya: vijJApana eva samAcAra nahIM lie jaate| vIra sevA maMdira 21. dariyAgaja, naI dillI-110002, dUrabhASa : 3250522 sasthA kA dI gaI mahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 800 jI ke aMtargata Ayakara meM chUTa (rAja Ara 10501 62)

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jinavara-stavanam diDhe tumammi jiNavara NaTeM ghiya maNNiyaM mhaapaavN| raviuggame NisAe ThAi tamo kittiyaM kaalN|| diDhe tumammi jiNavara sigjhai so ko vi punnnnpbbhaaro| hoi jiNo jeNa pahU ih-prloytysiddhiinnN|| diDhe tumammi jiNavara maNNe taM apyaNo sukylaah| hohI so jeNAsarisasuhaNihI akkhao mokkho|| -muni zrI padmanandi he jinendra! ApakA darzana hone para maiM mahApApa ko naSTa huA hI mAnatA huuN| ThIka hai- sUrya kA udaya ho jAne para rAtri kA andhakAra bhalA kitane samaya Thahara sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM ThaharatA, vaha sUrya ke udita hote hI naSTa ho jAtA hai|| he jinendra! ApakA darzana hone para vaha koI apUrva puNya kA samUha siddha hotA hai ki jisase prANI isa loka tathA paraloka sambandhI abhISTa siddhiyoM kA svAmI ho jAtA hai| he jinendra! ApakA darzana hone para maiM apane usa puNyalAbha ko mAnatA hU~, jisase ki mujhe anupama sukha ke bhaNDAra svarUpa vaha avinazvara mokSa prApta / hogaa|

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vicAraNIya bharatakSetra ke "sImaMdhara " digambarAcArya kundakunda ? - padmacandra zAstrI " bahuta zora sunate the pahalU meM dila kA / jo cIrA to katarae khUM bhI na nikalA / / " jaina 'jina' kA dharma haiM aura 'jina' vItarAga hote haiM -tila tuSa mAtra parigraha se achUte / apara zabdoM meM hama inheM digambara kaha sakate hai| hama saba Aja apane ko digambara dharmI kahane meM gaurava kA anubhava karate haiM, para kama loga hI aise hoMge jo digambaratva - saMrakSaNa ke itihAsa se paricita hoN| hamArI mAnyatA rahI hai ki eka bAra bAraha varSa kA akAla par3A, usase pahale jaina dharma bhAgoM meM vibhakta nahIM thaa| vyaktigata rUpoM meM kaI bAtoM meM matabheda hote hue bhI ve paramparita jaina hI kahalAte rhe| para bAraha varSIya akAla ke bAda aneka zithilAcAroM ke kAraNa unameM digambara - zvetAmbara jaise do bheda ho gae aura kAlAntara meM to aba anekoM bheda sune jAte haiN| astu..... digambaroM aura zvetAmbaroM meM paryAptakAla taka matabheda aura vivAda calate rahe aura dharmaniyamoM kI maryAdAe~ bikharane lagIM, taba dharma kI mUla maryAdA kI rakSA kA zreya AcArya padmanandI (kunda - kunda) ko prApta huaa| unhoMne vItarAga dharma ke mUla 'digambaratva' kI rakSA kI OM hamAre 'mUlAcArya' kahalAe digambaroM ko 'kunda - kundAmnAyI' kahalAne kA saubhAgya milaa| lai jaba vItarAga dharma arthAt digambaratva kI yama-niyama sambandhI sImAe~ dhvaMsa ho rahIM thIM taba kundakundAcArya ne unheM dRr3hatA se sthApita kiyaa| phalataH sImAoM ko dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa ve svayaM sImaMdhara the parantu aise meM logoM ne kalpanA kara DAlI ki ve videha kSetra ke tIrthaMkara sImaMdhara svAmI ke pAsa

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6135 anekAnta/55/3 gae aura isakI puSTi meM unhoMne manamAnI, bhinna-bhinna kathAaiM raca DAlI, jo Agama sammata nahIM haiM, unheM gar3hakara unakA pracAra kara diyaa-aadi| aisA saba isIlie huA ki logoM kI dRSTi meM videha ke eka mAtra tIrthakara sImaMdhara svAmI hI the jo unheM (kunda-kunda ko) bodha de sakate the| kathAoM ke mAdhyama se kinhIM ne kahA ki unheM videha deva le gae to kinhIM ne kahA ki cAraNa muni le ge| eka mahAn vidvAn ne to yahA~ taka likha diyA ki bihAra prAnta kI ora videha hai vahIM kunda-kunda gae aadi| jabaki isa prakAra kI kathAe~ Agamika na hokara kalpanA mAtra haiM aura inameM municaryA virodhI Adi anekoM prasaMga upasthita hote haiN| jaise prazna uThate haiM ki kyA kunda-kunda svAmI ne devoM se vimAna meM biThAkara videha le jAne ko kahA? yA phira devoM ne balAt unheM vimAna meM biThA liyA? yadi aisA thA to Agama meM isakA kahIM to ullekha honA cAhie thaa| aisI avasthA meM AcArya ko prAyazcita bhI karanA cAhie thA jisakA Agama meM kahIM ullekha nahIM hai| na cAraNa Rddhi yA AhAraka-zarIra Adi kA ullekha hI hai| yadi Agama meM kahIM bhI kisI eka kA bhI ullekha ho to pramANa sahita khojA jaae| isake sivAya na kahIM kunda-kunda ne hI apane videhagamana kI bAta kI hai aura na kahIM sImaMdhara tIrthaMkara kA upakAra hI smaraNa kiyA hai| jabaki ve bAra-bAra zratukevalI (bhadrabAhu svAmI) kA smaraNa karate rahe haiN| kunda-kunda svAmI ke videha gamana aura sImaMdhara svAmI ke pAsa jAne kI mAnyatA vAloM ke lie kyA yaha biDambanA nahIM hogI ki kunda-kunda svAmI tIrthakara sImaMdhara kA smaraNa chor3a bAra-bAra zrutakevalI kA upakAra mAnate rahe jabaki zrutakevalI unase laghu hote haiN| prAkRta ke mahAn zabdakoSa 'abhidhAnarAjendra' meM 'sImaMdhara' zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra hI hai- "sImAM-maryAdA pUrvapuruSakatAM dhaaryti| na AtmanA vilopayati yaH saH tthaa| katamaryAdA paalke|"

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anekAnta/55/3 isakA artha isa prakAra hai sImA-maryAdA, jo pUrvapuruSoM tIrthaMkaroM, gaNadharAdi zrutakevaliyoM tathA nirdoSa cAritrapAlaka AgamajJa paraMparita AcAryoM dvArA sthApita kI gaI hai usako dhAraNa karate-karAte haiM svayaM usakA lopa nahIM karate haiM aura maryAdA kA pAlana karane vAle haiM ve 'sImaMdhara' kahalAte haiN| paramapUjya svAmI padmanandI (kunda - kunda) AcArya aise hI the / kundakundAcArya ne digambara kI sImA kA vizada rUpa meM nirdhAraNa kiyA isIlie inheM 'mUlAcArya' kahA gayA aura kAlAMtara meM devasena jaise mAnya AcArya ne inheM gAthA. meM 'sImaMdhara' vizeSaNa se vibhUSita kiyaa| devasena jaise mahAn AcArya jo siddhAMta ke jJAtA the ve padmanandI AcArya ke videhakSetrastha tIrthaMkara sImaMdhara svAmI ke samIpa jAne kI kalpanA kara siddhAMta kA virodha kyoM karate? AcArya devasena ne videha gamana kI bAta bhI kahIM nahIM khii| ve jAnate the ki kathAaiM ve hI mAnya hotIM hai jo siddhAMta se avirUddha aura siddhAnta kI poSaka hoN| videha gamana kI kathAoM meM ekarUpatA na hone aura siddhAMta virodhI hone se ve mAnya kaise ho sakatIM haiM? kundakunda ne bArambAra zrutakevalI ke upakAra kA smaraNa kara aura kahIM eka bAra bhI sImaMdhara kA smaraNa na kara svayaM yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki ve videha nahIM gae unake gurU zrutakevalI hI the jinase unheM bodha prApta huaa| ve svayaM bharata kSetra ke 'sImaMdhara' the ataH unake videha jAne kI kalpanA nirAdhAra evaM Agama viruddha hai| hama nivedana kara deM ki digambaratva kI sImA (maryAdA) kA nirdhAraNa karane vAle sImaMdhara kundakunda hamAre mUlAcArya haiN| unameM hamArI dRr3ha AsthA hai| hameM kheda hai ki isa yuga meM artha kI pradhAnatA ne logoM para aisA jAdU DAlA hai ki katipaya digambara jaina pramukha prakhara vaktA taka kundakunda kI jaya bolakara kundakunda dvArA ghoSita niyamoM kI avahelanA karane taka meM pramukha bana rahe haiM, sAdhAraNa vidvAnoM evaM anya zrAvakoM kI to bisAta hI kyA? ve bhI kinhIM na kinhIM bhAvoM ko saMjoe unake Age pIche cakkara lagAne meM vyasta dikhAI dete haiN| kucha aisI havA cala gaI hai ki loga Atmadarzana ke sAdhanabhUta vrata saMgamAdi

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anekAnta/55/3 kI upekSAkara parigraha meM lIna rahakara Atmadarzana kA pracAra karane meM lage hue haiM aura lAkhoM digambara jaina cAritra kI upekSAkara mAtra sAmbaratva meM Atmadarzana kA yatna karane meM lage haiM, jabaki kundakunda kI spaSTa ghoSaNA hai ki paramANumittayaM pi hu rAgAdINaM tu vijjade jassa / Na vi so jANadi appANayaM tu savvAgamadharovi // arthAt jisake rAgAdi (rAga, dveSa, moha) paramANu mAtra bhI vidyamAna hai vaha samasta AgamoM kA dhArI hone para bhI AtmA ko nahIM jAnatA hai| yadi mUlAcArya kundakunda kI isa ghoSaNA kI upekSA calatI rahI to kucha kAla bAda sAmbaratva meM AtmAdarzana va mukti hone taka kI paripATI cala jAegI jo digambaratva ke siddhAMta ke lie ghAtaka hogii| kyA digambaroM ko yaha iSTa hai-parigrahI ko mukti ? AcArya devasena ne jo gAthA kahI hai hamane vaha uddhRta dekhI hai prayatna karane para bhI abhI hameM mUla graMtha prApta nahIM ho pAyA hai, prApta hone para hI hameM mUlagAthA dekhakara patA calegA ki vAstavikatA kyA hai| uddhRta prApta gAthA se to 'abhidhAna rAjendra koSa' sammata artha kI hI puSTi hotI hai| - vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja naI dillI-110002 vaMdittu savvasiddhe dhuvamacalamaNovamaM gaI patte / vocchAmi samayapAhuDAmiNamo suyakevalIbhaNiyaM // - samayasAra kA maMgalAcaraNa artha- sthira, zAzvata aura anupama gati ko prApta karane vAle saba siddha paramAtmAoM ko namaskAra karake maiM zrutakevaliyoM ke dvArA kahe gaye samayaprAbhRta ( nAmaka grantha) ko kahU~gA /

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kundakunda ke viSaya meM janazruti viSayaka avadhAraNA __ A. kundakunda sarvamAnya zrutadhara AcArya haiN| unake avadAnoM se prabhAvita hokara zraddhAtireka meM unake bahumAna meM janazruti pracalita huI ki ve videha gamana karake sImaMdhara svAmI se bodha ko prApta hue the, parantu isa viSaya meM zAstrIya pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai| DA. nemicandra jyotiSAcArya ne likhA hai- . "jahA~ taka videha yAtrA kI bAta hai, usake sAdhaka yadyapi abhilekhIya yA anya aitihAsika pramANa abhI taka upalabdha nahIM hue, kintu AcArya devasena, A. jayasena aura zrutasAgara sUri ke ullekha batalAte haiM ki AcArya kundakunda videha gae the..... sImaMdhara svAmI se prApta divyajJAna kA zramaNoM ko upadeza diyA thaa|" -(tIrthakara mahAvIra aura AcArya paramparA bhAga-2, pra.-105) uparyukta ullekha se bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki unakA (kundakunda) videhagamana zAstrIya siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para siddha nahIM hotaa| astu, isa viSaya meM zAstrIya pramANoM ke ullekha anveSaNIya haiN| isa sandarbha meM jJAnavRddha paM. padmacandra jI zAstrI jI ne A. devasena (navamI zatI) kI gAthA ke vyutpattilabhya zabdArtha ke AdhAra se unake nirAdhAra janazruti para UhApoha kiyA hai| jo gambhIratA ke sAtha mananIya hai| yahA~ yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya tathya hai ki ve apane guru bhadrabAhu ko gamaka guru ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN| (bodhapAhuDa, gAthA-61-62) __'gamaka zabda kA artha zabda kalpadruma meM, 'gamayati, prApayati, bodhayati vA gamaka' gama + Nic + Nvala bodhaka mAtra yA sujhAva dene vAlA athavA tattva prApti ke lie preraNA karane vAlA batAyA gayA hai| ata: jisa prakAra gamaka zabda paramparA prApta zrutakevalI ke lie vyavahRta mAnA jAtA hai usI prakAra sImaMdhara kA artha maryAdA kA pAlana karane vAlA grahaNa karane se eka ora zAstrIya siddhAnta kI bAdhA dUra ho jAtI hai to dUsarI ora AcArya kundakunda ke bahumAna meM bhI abhivRddhi hotI hai| ata: A. devasena ke gAthAgata artha ke viSaya meM pracalita avadhAraNA kundakunda videha gae the ke viSaya meM khulAsA hotA hai kyoMki gAthA meM mAtra sImaMdhara svAmI ko dhotita karane vAlA pada hai, videhagamana sUcaka nhiiN| -sampAdaka

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ahiMsA siddhAnta aura vyavahAra - DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina bhAratIya saMskRti adhyAtma pradhAna saMskRti hai| adhyAtma kI AtmA ahiMsA hai / yadyapi bhArata ke sabhI dharma aura darzanoM meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM ahiMsA ko mahattva diyA gayA parantu jaina darzana meM ahiMsA kA jo vyApaka evaM sUkSma varNana hai vaha anyatra durlabha hai| jaina zAstroM meM ahiMsA ko bhagavatI aura parama brahma kahA gayA hai| ahiMsA ke mahattva kA pratipAdana karate hue acArya zivArya likhate haiM jaha pavvasu merU uvvAo hoi savvaloyammi / taha jANAsu uvvAyaM sIlesu vadesu ya ahiMsA // 785 // vizva ke azeSa parvatoM meM sumerU parvata tathA manuSyoM meM cakravartI bar3A hai usI prakAra samasta vratoM aura zIloM meM yaha ahiMsA vrata mahAna hai| sIlaM vadaM guNo vA NANaM NissaMgadA suhccaao| jIve hiMsaMtassa hu savve vi NiratyayA hoMti // 789 zIla, vrata, guNa, jJAna, niSparigrahatA aura viSaya sukha kA tyAga ye sarva AcAra jIva hiMsA karane vAle ke niSphala ho jAte haiN| savvesimAsamANa hiduyaM gabdho va savvasatthANaM / savvesiM vadaguNANaM piMDo sAro ahiMsA hu|| 790 yaha ahiMsA sakala AzramoM kA hRdaya hai, sampUrNa zAstroM kA marma hai aura saba vratoM kA piNDarUpa sAra hai| jIvavaho appavaho jIvadayA hoi appaNo hu dyaa| visakaMTaovva hiMsA parihariyavvA tado hodi // 794

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anekAnta/55/3 anya jIvoM kA nAza karanA apanA hI nAza karane ke samAna hai| una para dayA karanA apane Upara dayA karane ke samAna hai| ataH viSalipta kaNTaka se jisa prakAra loga dUra rahate haiM usI prakAra saMsAra du:kha bhIruoM ko hiMsA se bacanA caahie| sUtrakRtAMga meM likhA hai eyaM khu NANiNo sAraM, ja Na hiMsai kNcnnN| ahiMsA samayaM ceva, eyAvataM viyaanniyaa|| prathama zrutaskandha 1/85 jJAnI hone kA yahI sAra hai ki vaha kisI kI hiMsA nahIM krtaa| samatA ahiMsA hai, itanA hI use jAnanA hai| AcArya jJAnasAgara mahArAja ne likhA hai ahiMsA vartma satyasya tyAgastasyAH pristhitiH| satyAnuyAyinA tasmAtsaMgrAhyastyAga eva hi|| vIrodaya kaavy| 13/36 satya tattva kA mArga to ahiMsA hI hai aura tyAga usakI paristhiti hai arthAt paripAlaka hai| ataeva satya mArga para calane vAle ke lie tyAga bhAva hI saMgrAhya hai arthAt Azraya karane yogya hai| saMrakSituM prANabhRtAM mahIM sA vrajatyato'mbA jgtaamhiNsaa| hiMsA mitho bhakSitumAha tasmAtsarvasya shtrutvmupaityksmaat|| vIrodaya kAvya 16/11 ahiMsA sarva prANiyoM kI saMsAra meM rakSA karatI hai, isalie vaha mAtA kahalAtI hai| hiMsA paraspara meM khAne ko kahatI hai aura akasmAt (akAraNa) hI sabase zatrutA utpanna karatI hai, isalie vaha rAkSasI hai ataeva ahiMsA upAdeya hai| ahiMsA paripAlana kA tAtvika AdhAra- jaina paramparA meM cAritrika unnayana para vizeSa bala diyA hai cAritra kA naizcayika dRSTi se artha hai svayaM kA svayaM meM sthira honA arthAt samatva bhAva kI praapti| samabhAva Atmaupamya bhAva para

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anekAnta/5513 AdhArita hai| samayasAra meM likhA hai jaM bhAvaM suhamasuhaM karedi AdA sa tassa khalu ktaa| taM tassa hodi kammaM so tassa du vedago apyaa|| 109 / / vAstava meM AtmA apanA zubha yA azubha jaisA bhI bhAva karatA hai to vaha apane bhAva kA karane vAlA hotA hai aura vaha bhAva hI usakA karma hotA hai tathA apane bhAvarUpa karma kA hI bhoktA hotA hai| jaM kuNadi bhAvamAdA kattA so hodi tassa bhaavss| NANissa du NANamaoM aNNANamao annaanniss|| samayasAra-134 ___ yaha AtmA jisa samaya jaisA bhAva karatA hai usa samaya usI bhAva kA kartA hotA hai, ataH jJAnI ke jJAnamaya aura ajJAnI (saMsAra) ke ajJAnamaya bhAva hotA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai attA ceva ahiMsA attA hiMseti Nicchao smye| jo hodi appamatto ahiMsago hiMsago idro|| 803 / / yathArtha rUpa se nizcaya naya se AtmA hI svataH hiMsA hai aura AtmA hI ahiMsA hai| pramAda yukta AtmA-vikAra bhAvayukta hiMsA rUpa hai aura vikAra rahita AtmA ahiMsA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama pustaka 14 pR.-90 meM likhA hai svayaM ahiMsA svayameva hiMsanaM na tatparAdhInamihadvayaM bhvet| pramAdahIno'tra bhavatyahiMsakaH pramAdayuktastu sadaiva hiNskH|| ahiMsA bhI svayaM hotI hai aura hiMsA bhI svayaM hotI hai| dono hI parAdhIna nahIM hai| jo pramAdahIna hai vaha ahiMsaka hai aura jo pramAda se yukta hai vaha sadaiva hiMsaka hai| AtmA aura zarIra ke koMcat bhinnAbhinnatva kI svIkRti meM hI ahiMsA kI paripAlanA saMbhava hai kyoMki sarvathA apariNAmI nitya jIva kI to hiMsA

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anekAnta/55/3 nahIM kI jA sakatI aura kSaNika jIva kA svayaM hI nAza ho jAtA hai taba hiMsA kaise saMbhava ho sakatI hai| ahiMsA kA manovaijJAnika AdhAra- AcArAMga meM likhA hai 'savvesiM jIviyaM piyaM (adhyAya 2/64) arthAt sabhI prANiyoM meM jijIviSA pradhAna hai| sabhI ko sukha anukUla aura duHkha pratikUla hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai jaha te Na piyaM dakkhaM taheva tesipi jANa jiivaannN| evaM NaccA appovamivo jIvesu hodi sdaa|| 777 // he kSapaka, jisa prakAra tumheM duHkha priya nahIM hai vaise hI anya jIvoM ko bhI duHkha priya nahIM hai, aisA jJAta kara sarva jIvoM ko AtmA ke samAna samajhakara duHkha se nivRta ho| astitva aura sukha kI cAha prANIya svabhAva hai| jaina vicArakoM ne isI manovaijJAnika tathya ke AdhAra para ahiMsA ko sthApita kiyA hai| vastutaH ahiMsA jIvana ke prati sammAna, samatvabhAva evaM advaita bhAva hai| samatvabhAva se sahAnubhUti tathA advaita bhAva se AtmIyatA utpanna hotI hai aura inhIM se ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| ahiMsA ke do rUpa- ahiMsA kA zabdAnusArI artha hai- hiMsA na krnaa| a + hiMsA ina do zabdoM se ahiMsA zabda banA hai| isake pAribhASika artha niSedhAtmaka evaM vidhyAtmaka donoM haiN| rAga-dveSAtmaka pravRtti na krnaa| prANa-vadha na karanA yA pravRtti mAtra kA nirodha karanA niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA hai| sat pravRtti karanA, svAdhyAya, adhyAtma sevA, upadeza, jJAna-carcA Adi AtmA kI hitakArI kriyA karanA vidhyAtmaka ahiMsA hai| saMyamI ke dvArA azakya koTi kA prANavadha ho jAtA hai, vaha bhI niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA hai yAni hiMsA nahIM hai| niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA meM kevala hiMsA kA varjana hotA hai| vidhyAtmaka ahiMsA meM sat kriyAtmaka sakriyatA hotI hai| yaha sthUla dRSTi kA nirNaya hai| gaharAI meM pahuMcane para bAta kucha aura hai| niSedha meM pravRtti aura pravRtti meM niSedha hotA hI hai| niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA meM sat-pravRtti aura satpravRtyAtmaka ahiMsA meM hiMsA kA niSedha hotA hai hiMsA na karane vAlA yadi Antarika pravRttiyoM ko zuddha na kare

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anekAnta/55/3 to vaha ahiMsA na hogii| isalie niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA meM satpravRtti kI apekSA rahatI hai, vaha bAhya ho cAhe Antarika, sthUla ho cAhe suukssm| sat pravRtyAtmaka ahiMsA meM hiMsA kA niSedha honA Avazyaka hai| isake binA koI pravRtti sata yA ahiMsA nahIM ho sakatI, yaha nizcaya dRSTi kI bAta hai| vyavahAra meM niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA ko niSkriya ahiMsA ora vidhyAtmaka ahiMsA ko sakriya ahiMsA kahA jAtA hai| hiMsA kyA hai? - tattvArtha sUtra meM hiMsA ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai'pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA arthAt pramAda ke yoga se prANoM ke vighAta karane ko hiMsA kahate hai| hiMsA kI vyAkhyA doM aMzoM ke dvArA pUrI kI gaI hai| pahalA aMza hai pramattayoga arthAt rAgadveSa yukta athavA asAvadhAna pravRtti aura dUsarA hai praannvdh| prathama aMza kAraNa rUpa hai aura dUsarA kaaryruup| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jo prANavadha pramattayoga se ho vaha hiMsA hai| vastutaH hiMsA-ahiMsA kA sambandha para jIvoM ke jIvana-maraNa, sukha-duHkha se na hokara AtmA meM utpanna hone vAle rAga-dveSa, moha pariNAmoM se hai| para jIvoM ke marane-mArane kA nAma jIva hiMsA nahIM varana mArane ke bhAva kA nAma hiMsA hai| AcArya amRtacaMda ne likhA hai yatkhalu kaSAyayogAtprANAnAM dvybhaavruupaannaam| vyaparopaNasyakaraNaM sunizcitA bhavati sA hiNsaa|| ___ puruSArtha-siddhyupAya zloka 43 jaba mana meM kaSAya udbuddha hotI hai to sarvaprathama zuddhopayoga rUpa bhAva prANoM kA ghAta hotA hai| yaha prathama hiMsA hai usake pazcAt kaSAya kI tIvratA se dIrgha zvAsocchvAsa hasta-pAda Adi se apane aMgopAMgoM ko kaSTa pahuMcAtA hai, yaha dvitIya hiMsA hai| isake bAda marmabhedI kuvacanoM se lakSyapuruSa ke antaraMga mAnasa ko pIr3A pahuMcAI jAtI hai, yaha tIsarI hiMsA hai phira tIvra kaSAya va pramAda se usa vyakti ke dravya prANoM ko naSTa karatA hai, yaha caturtha hiMsA hai| isa taraha dravya aura bhAva rUpa prANoM kA ghAta karanA hiMsA hai|

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anekAnta/55/3 suprasiddha sAhityakAra yazapAla jaina ne likhA hai__ bhAva hiMsA kA vizleSaNa jaina darzana kI apanI vizeSatA hai| usakI paryApta gaveSaNA karate hue hiMsA ke udyogI, virodhI, ArambhI aura saMkalpI ye cAra bheda batAkara, yaha ghoSa kiyA hai ki kevala saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAga kara dene para manuSya 'ahiMsaka' kahalAne kA adhikArI ho jAtA hai| yaha eka aisI dRSTi hai jo 'kAyaratA' aura 'palAyanavAda' jaise lAMchanoM se mukta karake ahiMsA ko samasta mAnavIya mUlyoM kA AdhAra mAnate hue mAnavatA kI dhurI ke rUpa meM sthApita karatI hai| bhAva ahiMsA kA artha hai ki bahiraMga kriyA to dUra mana meM bhI hiMsA ke bhAva hI utpanna nahIM hoN| hatyA ke sAdhana ko jaise zastra kahA jAtA hai vaise hiMsA ke sAdhana ko bhI zastra kahA gayA hai| hatyA hiMsA hotI hai, kintu hiMsA hatyA ke binA bhI hotI hai| avirati yA asaMyama jo vartamAna meM hatyA nahIM kintu hatyA kI nivRtti nahIM hai, isalie vaha hiMsA hai| hatyA ke upakaraNoM kA nAma hai dravya zastra aura hiMsA ke sAdhana kA nAma hai bhAva shstr| yaha vyakti kA vaibhAvika guNa hai yA doSa hai isalie yaha mRtyu kA kAraNa nahIM, pApa bandha kA kAraNa hai| dravya-zastra vyakti se pRthak vastu hai| zastra tIna prakAra ke hote hai| 1. svakAya-zastra, 2. parakAya zastra, 3. ubhayazastra (svakAya aura parakAya donoM kA saMyoga) jIva ke chaH nikAya hai| 1.pRthvI 2.pAnI 3.agni 4.vAyu 5. vanaspati aura 6.trs| pRthvI dvArA pRthvI kA upaghAta-yaha svakAya zastra hai| pRthvI se itara vastu dvArA pRthvI kA pratighAta-yaha parakAya zastra hai| pRthvI aura usase bhinna vastu donoM dvArA pRthvI kA upaghAta yaha ubhaya zastra hai| pravRtti-nivRtti kA samanvaya - sampUrNa ahiMsA- pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM meM ahiMsA samAhita hai| jo kevala nivRtti ko pradhAna mAnakara cintana karatI hai, vaha ahiMsA kI AtmA ko parakha nahIM sktaa| pravRtti rahita nivRtti niSkriya hai| vaha jIvana kA abhizApa hai| jaina zramaNa ke uttara guNoM meM samiti aura gupti kA vidhAna hai| samiti pravRtti paraka hai to gupti nivRtti paraka haiN|

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anekAnta/55/3 asad AcaraNa se nivRtta hokara sadAcaraNa meM pravRtti karanA hI ahiMsA kA vAstavika rUpa hai| prajJAmUrti paM. sukhalAlajI ne likhA hai "azoka ke rAjyakAla kA adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki unake vyavahAra meM nivartaka kAryo ke sAtha pravartaka kAryoM para bala diyA gayA thaa| hiMsA nivRtti ke sAtha-sAtha dharmazAlAyeM banavAnA, pAnI pilAnA, per3a lagAnA Adi paropakAra ke kArya bhI hue hai| azoka ne pracAra kiyA ki hiMsA na karanA to ThIka hai, para dayA-dharma bhI karanA ucita hai...| vyakti svayaM dUsaroM ko kaSTa na deM, kintu rAste meM koI ghAyala yA bhikhArI par3A hai to usase bacakara nikala jAne se ahiMsA kI pUrti nahIM hogii| kintu use kyA pIr3A hai? kyoM hai? use kyA madada hI jAya? isakI jAnakArI aura upAya kiye binA ahiMsA adhUrI hai| ahiMsA kevala nivRtti meM hI caritArtha nahIM hotii| isakA vicAra nivRtti meM se huA hai kintu usakI kRtArthatA pravRtti meM hI ho sakatI hai| anukampA paMDita pravara AzAdhara jI ne likhA haiyasya jIvadayA nAsti tasya saccaritaM kutH| na hi bhUtagRhAM kApi kriyA zreyaskarI bhvet|| dharmAmRta (anagAra) 4/6 jisakI prANiyoM para dayA nahIM hai usake samIcIna cAritra kaise ho sakatA hai? kyoMki jIvoM ko mArane vAle kI devapUjA, dAna, svAdhyAya Adi koI bhI kriyA kalyANakArI nahIM hotii| vizvasanti ripavo'pi dayAloH vijasanti suhRdo'pydyaacc| prANasaMzayapadaM hi vihAya svArthamIpsati nanu stnpo'pi|| dharmAmRta (anagAra 4/10) dayAlu kA zatru bhI vizvAsa karate haiM aura dayAhIna se mitra bhI Darate haiN| ThIka hI hai dUdha pItA zizu bhI, jahA~ prANa jAne kA sandeha hotA hai aise sthAna se bacakara hI iSTa vastu ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai|

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anekAnta/35/3 samasta jIvoM meM dayAbhAva rakhanA anukampA guNa hai| vyavahAra meM dharma kA lakSaNa jIvarakSA hai| jIvarakSA se sabhI prakAra ke pApoM kA nirodha hotA hai| dayA ke samAna koI bhI dharma nahIM hai| ataH pahale AtmA svarUpa ko avagata karanA aura tatpazcAt jIva-dayA meM pravRtta honA dharma hai| jisa prakAra hameM apanI AtmA priya hai usI prakAra anya prANiyoM ko bhI priya hai| jo vyavahAra hameM arucikara pratIta hotA hai, vaha dUsare prANiyoM ko bhI arucikara pratIta hotA hai ataH samasta paristhitiyoM meM apane ko dekhane se pApoM kA nirodha to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI anukampA kI bhI pravRtti jAgRta hotI hai| anukampA yA dayA ke ATha bheda haiM1.dravya dayA- apane samAna anya prANiyoM kA bhI pUrA dhyAna rakhanA aura unake sAtha ahiMsaka vyavahAra krnaa| 2. bhAva dayA anya prANiyoM ko azubha kArya karate hue dekhakara anukampA buddhi se upadeza denaa| 3. svadayA- AtmAlocana karanA evaM samyagdarzana dhAraNa karane ke lie prayAsazIla rahanA aura apane bhItara rAgAdika vikAra utpanna na hone denaa| 4. paradayA- SaTkAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA krnaa| 5. svarUpadayA- sUkSma viveka dvArA apane svarUpa kA vicAra karanA, AtmA ke Upara karmoM kA jo AvaraNa hai use dUra karanA 6. anubandhadayA- mitroM, ziSyoM yA anya prANiyoM ko hita kI preraNA se upadeza denA tathA kumArga se sumArga para laanaa| 7. vyavahAra dayA- upayoga pUrvaka aura vidhi pUrvaka anya prANiyoM kI sukha-suvidhAoM kA pUrA-pUrA dhyAna rkhnaa| 8. nizcaya dayA- zuddhopayoga meM ekatA bhAva aura abheda upayoga kA honaa| samasta para padArtho se upayoga haTAkara Atma pariNati meM lIna honA nizcaya dayA hai|

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anekAnta / 55/3 jaina matAnusAra jIva chaha prakAra ke hote haiM jinheM SaTkAya kahate haiN| pRthvIkAya, apkAya, agnikAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya tathA trasakAya, vanaspatikAya tathA trasaMkAya jIvadhArI hote haiM, isa bAta ko sAmAnya taura se sabhI mata vAle mAnate hai, lekina pRthvI, ap-agni tathA vAyu bhI svataH prANavAn haiM aisA sirpha jainadharma hI mAnatA hai| yaha isakI apanI vizeSatA hai| ina SaTkAyoM kI hiMsA vibhinna kAraNoM se hotI hai jaise pRthvIkAya kI hiMsA pRthvI jotane, tAlAba, bAvar3I khudavAne, mahala banavAne Adi se hotI hai| apkAya kI hiMsA snAna karane, pAnI pIne, kapar3e dhone Adi se hotI hai| bhojana pakAnA, lakar3I jalAnA Adi se agnikAya kI hiMsA hotI hai| sUpa se annAdi sApha karanA, tAla ke paMkha yA morapaMkha se havA karanA Adi vAyukAya kI hiMsA ke kAraNa hai| ghara banAnA, bAr3a banAnA, vividha prakAra ke bhavana banAnA, naukA, hala, zakaTa Adi banAnA vanaspatikAya kI hiMsA ke kAraNa hai| isI prakAra dharma, artha, kAma ke kAraNa vibhinna trasa prANiyoM kI hiMsA hotI hai / pravacanasAra meM likhA hai ki yadAcAro samaNo chassu vi kAyeSu vadhakaro ti mado caradi jadaM jadi NiccaM kamalaM va jale Niruvatevo // 15 jisake yatnapUrvaka AcAra kriyA nahIM aisA jo muni vaha chahoM pRthvI Adi kAryoM meM bandha kA karane vAlA hai aisA sarvajJadeva ne kahA hai / yadi yati sadA yatnapUrvaka AcaraNa karatA hai to vaha muni jala meM kamala kI taraha karmabandha rUpa lepa se rahita hai| ahiMsA rakSaNa ke upAya- ahiMsA rakSaNa ke upAyoM kI carcA karate hue bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai ki jaM jIvaNikAyavaheNa viNA iMdayakayaM suhaM Nattha / tamhi suhe Nissago tamhA so rakkhadi ahiMsA // 816 jIva - hiMsA ke abhAva meM indriya sukha kI upalabdhi (prApti) nahIM ho sakatI hai| strI saMbhoga, vastra dhAraNa, puSpamAlAdi grahaNa - dhAraNAdi kArya hiMsAtmaka vRtti se hI hote haiN| ina padArthoM kI prApti karane meM bhI mahAn Arambha karanA

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16 anekAnta /55/3 par3atA hai| isalie indriya viSayoM se kabhI bhI ahiMsA kA rakSaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| he kSapaka! tU ina viSaya-janya sukhoM meM icchA mata kr| jo paMcendriya viSayoM se sarvadhA virakta hotA hai vahI jIva kSapaka ahiMsA vrata kA nirdoSa pAlana karane meM samartha hotA hai| jIvo kasAyabahulo saMto jIvANa ghAyaNaM kuNai / so- jIvavahaM pariharadusayA jo NijjiyakasAo // bhagavatI ArAdhanA 817 kaSAyAviSTa jIva manuSya jIvoM kA ghAta karatA hai kintu jo kaSAyoM para vijaya pAtA hai vahI ahiMsA kA nirdoSa pAlana karatA hai| ataH ahiMsAvrata ke abhilASiyoM ko ina kaSAya zatruoM kA dUra se hI tyAga karanA cAhie / kAsu NirAraMbhe phAsugabhojimmi NANahidayammi / maNavayaNakAyaguttimmi hoi sayalA ahiMsA hu|| bhagavatI ArAdhanA 819 jo yatirAja Arambha kA sarvathA tyAga karate haiM, satata jJAnAbhyAsa meM tatpara rahate haiM, svAdhyAya meM sthira citta rahate haiM, guptiyoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM unhIM ke yaha ahiMsA vrata pUrNatA ko prApta hotA haiM AraMbhe jIvavaho appAsugasevaNe ya aNumodo | AraMbhAdIsu maNo NANaradIe viNA carei || bhagavatI ArAdhanA / / 820 jamIna khodanA, pAnI girAnA, vRkSa tor3anA Adi kriyA meM Arambha hai| isa Arambha se pRthivyAdi kAyika jIvoM kA ghAta hotA hai / udgamAdi doSoM se dUSita AhAra lene se, jIva badhAdi ko anumati dI hai aisA siddha hotA hai| jJAnAbhyAsa meM yadi prema nahIM hai to AtmA kaSAya aura Arambha meM pravRtta hotA hai / " paNDitapravara AzAdharajI ne likhA hai kaSAyodekato yogeH kRtkaaritsmmtaan| syAt saMrambha-samArambhArambhAnujjhanna hiMsakaH // ( dharmAmRta - anagAra 4/27) krodha Adi kaSAyoM ke udaya se mana, vacana, kAya se kRta kArita

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anekAnta/55/3 anumodanA se yukta saMrambha samArambha aura Arambha ko chor3ane vAlA ahiMsaka hotA hai| 17 prANoM ke ghAta Adi meM pramAdayukta hokara jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai use saMrambha kahate hai / sAdhyaya hiMsA Adi kriyA ke sAdhanoM kA abhyAsa karanA samArambha hai| ekatra kiye gaye hiMsA Adi sAdhanoM kA prathama prayoga Arambha hai| krodha ke Aveza se kAya se karanA, karAnA aura anumodanA karanA isa taraha saMrambha ke tIna bheda haiN| isI taraha mAna mAyA va lobha ke Aveza se tIna tIna bheda hote hai| vacana aura kAya ke bhI 36,36 bheda hone se 108 bheda hote hai| ahiMsAvratI ke lie jIvana nirmANa kI dRSTi se nimna kartavya haiM 1. jIvana ko sAdA banAnA aura AvazyakatAoM ko kama karanA / 2. mAnavIya vRtti meM ajJAna kI cAhe jitanI guMjAiza ho lekina puruSArtha ke anusAra jJAna kA bhI sthAna hai hI, isalie pratikSaNa sAvadhAna rahanA aura kahIM bhUla na ho jAya isakA dhyAna rakhanA aura yadi bhUla ho jAya to vaha dhyAna se ojhala na ho sake, aisI dRSTi rakhanA / 3. AvazyakatAoM ko kama karane aura sAvadhAna rahane kA lakSya rahane para bhI citta ke mUla doSa jaise sthUla jIvana kI tRSNA aura usake kAraNa paidA hone vAle dUsare rAgadveSAdi doSoM ko kama karane kA satata prayatna krnaa| 4. sabhI prANiyoM ke prati maitrI bhAva rkhnaa| 5. AjIvikA ke nimitta aise vyavasAya kArya na kareM jisameM hiMsA hotI hai| 6. saMkalpa pUrvaka kisI prANI ko pIr3A dene yA vadha na karane kA niyama lenA / uttarAdhyayana meM likhA hai evaM sasaMkappavikappaNAsuM, saMjAyaI samayamuvaTThiyassa / ataye ya saMkappayao tao se, pahIyae kAmaguNesutaNhA // (uttarAdhyayana 32 /107) apane rAga-dveSAtmaka saMkalpa hI saba doSoM ke mUla haiM"

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18 anekAnta/55/3 jo isa prakAra cintana meM udyata hotA hai tathA 'indriya viSaya doSoM ke mUla nahIM haiM' isa prakAra kA saMkalpa karatA hai usake mana meM samatA utpanna hotI hai| usase usakI kAya guNoM meM hone vAlI tRSNA prakSINa ho jAtI hai| 7. anAvazyaka hiMsA kI pravRtti para saMyama rkheN| 8. ahiMsA kA ArAdhaka indriya viSayoM ke prati virakta rhe| unakA vedana-AsvAdana na kreN| 9. ahiMsA kA ArAdhaka lokaiSaNA na kare kyoMki lokaiSaNA se hiMsA meM pravRtti hotI hai| 10. jIvana kI sArthakatA ke lie aNuvrata kA paripAlana kreN| 11. ahiMsA kA ArAdhaka vyasana sevana se bce| 12. jIvana meM pramAda-bhAva kA parityAga kre| ____ Aja ke samAja kI vyathA kI yadi kisI eka zabda se vyAkhyA ho sakatI hai to vaha hai hiNsaa| ANavika astroM kA saMtrAsa, pariveza ke mila jAne kA bhaya, zaktizAlI rASTra evaM samAja dvArA zoSaNa kI pIr3A, daridratA, mAnasika-zArIrika nirbalatA ye saba hiMsA ko vyakta karatI hai aura vizva bhayAkrAnta hai ki kahIM manuSya kA astitva hI nikaTa bhaviSya meM na samApta ho jaaye| isa vibhISikA kA eka hI samAdhAna hai aura vaha hai- ahiMsA kA siddhaant| AcAra dharma kA mUla ahiMsA hai| samagra AcAra dharma usI siddhAnta ke pallavana haiN| -vibhAgAdhyakSa jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharma darzana vibhAga jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna, (mAnya vizva vidyAlaya) lADanUM (rAjasthAna)-341306

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zrAvaka aura aNuvrata -DaoN. jayakumAra jaina zrAvaka zabda kI vyutpatti evaM nirvacana :- 'zRNoti gurvAdibhyo dharmamiti zrAvakaH' arthAt jo guru Adi se dharma ko sunatA hai, vaha zrAvaka hai|' zrAvaka zabda kA yaha vyutpattilabhya artha hai, jo yaha sacita karatA hai ki zrAvaka meM dharma ke prati zraddhA kA honA Avazyaka hai| abhidhAna rAjendra koSa meM 'zRNoti jinavacanamiti zrAvakaH' kahakara jinendra bhagavAn kI vANI ko zraddhApUrvaka zravaNa karane vAle ko zrAvaka kahA gayA hai| zvetAmbara grantha gacchAcArapayannA TIkA meM sAdhu ke samIpa meM sAdhu kI sAmAcArI ko sunane vAle kI zrAvaka saMjJA kI gaI hai- 'zRNoti sAdhusamIpe sAdhusAmAcArImiti shraavkH| anyatra zrAvaka kA lakSaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai 'avAptadRSTyAdi vizuddhasampat paraM smaacaarmnuprbhaatm| zrRNoti yaH sAdhujanAdatandrastaM zrAvakaM prAhuramI jinendraaH|| arthAt samyak zradvAna rUpI sampatti ko prApta kara lene vAlA jo vyakti pramAda rahita hokara sAdhujanoM se samAcAra vidhi ko sunatA hai, use jinendra bhagavantoM ne zrAvaka kahA hai| zrAvaka zabda kA nirvacana karate hue zra ko zraddhA kA, va ko guNavapana kA tathA ka ko karmaraja ke vikSepa kA pratIka kahA gayA hai'zranti pacanti tattvArthazradvAnaM niSThAM nayantIti zrAH, tathA vapanti guNavatasaptakSetreSu dhanabIjAni nikSipantIti vAH, tathA kiranti kliSTakarmarajo vikSipantIti kAH, tataH karmadhAraye zrAvakA iti bhvti|'' arthAt zrA zabda to tattvArtha-zraddhAna kI sUcanA karatA hai, va zabda sapta dharmakSetroM meM dhana rUpa bIja bone kI preraNA karatA hai tathA ka zabda vilaSTa karma yA mahAn pApoM ko dUra karane kA saMketa karatA hai| isa prakAra karmadhAraya samAsa karane para zrAvaka pada niSpanna ho jAtA hai|

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20 anekAnta/55/3 anya nAma :- zraddhAvAn gRhastha ko bhinna bhinna sthAnoM para zrAvaka, upAsaka, AgArI, dezavratI, dezasaMyamI Adi nAmoM se ullikhita kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi yaugika dRSTi se ina nAmoM ke arthoM meM antara hai, tathApi sAgAnyataH ye ekArthaka yA paryAyavAcI mAne jAte haiN| dezavratI yA dezasaMyamI paJcamaguNasthAnavartI zrAvaka kI hI saMjJA ho sakatI hai, caturtha guNasthAnavartI kI nhiiN| zrAvaka ke bheda :- zrAvaka tIna prakAra ke hote haiM- pAkSika, naiSThika evaM saadhk| apane dharma kA pakSa mAtra karane vAlA zrAvaka pAkSika tathA vratadhArI zrAvaka naiSThika kahalAtA hai| naiSThika zrAvaka vairAgya kI prakarSatA se zAkti ko na chipAtA huA uttarottara 11 pratimAoM meM Upara-Upara uThatA jAtA hai| antima pratimA meM isakA rUpa sAdhu se kucha nyUna rahatA hai| gyArahavIM pramiAdhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka ke bhI do bheda haiM- eka vastra rakhane vAlA kSullaka aura kaupIna mAtra parigraha dhArI ailakA' jo zrAvaka Anandita hotA huA jIvana ke anta meM arthAt maraNa ke samaya bhojana evaM yogavyApAra ke tyAga se pavitra dhyAna ke dvArA Atmazuddhi kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha sAdhaka zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| kucha AcAryoM ne sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa ko zrAvaka ke 12 vratoM meM parigaNita kiyA hai to kucha AcAryoM ne usakA pRthak ullekha karake sabhI zrAvakoM ko unakI AvazkatA pratipAdita kI hai| samAdhimaraNa karane vAle zrAvaka ko hI AtmasAdhanA ke kAraNa sAdhaka saMjJA prApta huI hai| pAkSika zrAvaka yadyapi aNavratI (dezavratI yA dezasaMyamI) nahI hotA hai tathApi use sarvathA avratI mAnanA ThIka nahI hai| kyoMki jinavacana para zraddhAvAn hone ke kAraNa vaha kula paramparA se calI AI kriyAoM kA pAlana to karatA hI hai, vrata dhAraNa karane kA pakSa bhI rakhatA hai| zrAvaka ke mUlaguNa :- zrAvaka ke dharmAciraNa ke AdhArabhUta mukhya guNoM ko mUlaguNa kahA jAtA hai| zrI kundakundAcArya, svAmI kArtikeya tathA AcArya umAsvAmI ne apane granthoM meM zrAvaka ke mUlaguNoM kI koI carcA nahI kI hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM vratoM ke aticAroM evaM bhAvanAoM kA to pRthak-pRthak ullekha kiyA hai kintu mUlaguNoM evaM gyAraha pratimAoM kA jikra

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anekAnta/5513 taka nahIM kiyA hai- yaha eka vicAraNIya viSaya hai| sarvaprathama zrAvaka ke mUlaguNoM kA ullekha zrI samantabhadrAcAryakRta ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM huA hai| vahA~ madya, mAMsa evaM madhu ke tyAga ke sAtha pA~ca aNuvratoM ke pAlana ko ATha mUlaguNa kahA gayA hai| cAritrasAra meM uddhRta eka zloka meM AcArya jinasena kI dRSTi meM madya, mAMsa evaM juA ke tyAgapUrvaka pA~ca aNuvratoM ke pAlana ko ATha mUlaguNa kahA gayA hai| puruSArtha siddhyupAya meM AcArya amRtacandra ne pA~ca aNuvratoM ke sthAna para pA~ca udumbara phaloM kA ullekha kiyA hai|' sAgAra-dharmAmRta meM kucha logoM ke mata meM pA~ca udumbara phala tyAga ko eka mUla guNa mAnakara rAtribhojana tyAga, devavandanA, jIvadayA tathA jalagAlana ko mUlaguNoM meM samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| 10 AcArya somadeva, padmanandi, paM. AzAdhara, bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti Adi mUlaguNoM ke viSaya meM puruSArthasiddhyupAya ke praNetA amRtacandrAcArya ke anugAmI haiN| zrAvaka ke mUlaguNoM ke vivecana meM AcAryoM kI dRSTiyA~ bhinna-bhinna haiN| zrI jugala kizora mukhtAra ne likhA hai ki "sakalavratI muniyoM ke mUla guNoM meM jisa prakAra paJca mahAvratoM kA honA jarUrI hai, usI prakAra dezavratI zrAvakoM ke mUlaguNoM meM paJcANuvratoM kA honA jarUrI mAlUma hotA hai| dezavratI zrAvakoM ko lakSya karake AcArya mahodaya ne ina mUlaguNoM kI sRSTi kI hai| paJca udumbara vAle mUlaguNa prAyaH bAlakoM, avratiyoM athavA. anabhyasta dezasaMyamiyoM ko lakSya karake likhe gaye haiM"'" AdaraNIya mukhtAra jI kA yaha kathana dhyAtavya hai| zrAvaka ke vrata :- jIvanaparyanta hiMsA Adi pA~ca pApoM se ekadeza yA sarvadeza nivRtti ko vrata kahate haiN| yaha vrata do prakAra kA hai- ekadeza vrata yA aNuvrata tathA sarvadeza vrata yA mhaavrt| aNuvrata zrAvakoM ke lie tathA mahAvrata sAdhuoM ke lie haiN| savArtha siddhi meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai ki pratijJA karake jo niyama liyA jAtA hai, vaha vrata hai| yaha karane yogya hai, yaha nahIM karane yogya hai- isa prakAra niyama karanA vrata hai| vrata zabda virati ke artha meM bhI prayukta hotA hai tathA pravRtti (vRtu vartane dhAtu se niSpanna hone ke kAraNa) ke artha meM

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22 anekAnta/55/3 bhii| isIlie paNDitapravara AzAdhara jI ne vrata kA svarUpa kahate hue likhA hai ki kinhIM padArthoM ke sevana kA athavA hiMsAdi azubha karmoM kA niyata yA aniyata kAla ke lie saMkalpapUrvaka tyAga karanA vrata hai| athavA pAtradAna Adi zubha karmoM meM usI prakAra saMkalpapUrvaka pravRtti karanA vrata hai| isa kathana meM vrata meM pApa se nivRtti tathA zubha meM pravRtti donoM svIkAra kI gaI hai| zrAvaka ke vrata bAraha prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM- pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata / zvetAmbara paramparA meM pA~ca aNuvratoM ko mUla vrata tathA zeSa sAta ko uttara vrata kahA gayA hai| 14 uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki zrAvaka ke mUla guNoM meM tathA vratoM meM pA~ca aNuvratoM kA mahattva sarvAtizAyI hai| yaha zrAvaka kI eka Adarza AcAra saMhitA hai| aNuvrata :- paJca pApoM ke ekadeza tyAga rUpa pA~ca vrata aNuvrata kahalAte haiN| sthUla hiMsA tyAga, mRSAtyAga, adattagrahaNa tyAga, parastrI tyAga tathA bahuta AraMbha parigraha kA parimANa ye pA~ca aNuvrata haiN| aNuvrata meM aNu zabda alpavAcI hai| jisake vrata aNu arthAt alpa haiM, vaha aNuvrata vAlA agArI kahalAtA hai| agArI ke pUrNa hiMsAdi pApoM kA tyAga saMbhava nahI hai, isalie usake vrata alpa kahe jAte haiN| vaha kevala trasa hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai, vaha gRhavinAza Adi ke kAraNabhUta asatya vacana kA tyAgI hotA hai, vaha binA dI gaI vastu ko grahaNa nahI karatA hai, parastrI ke prati usakI rati haTa jAtI hai tathA vaha dhana-dhAnyAdi kA svecchA se parimANa karatA hai| 15 pA~coM pApoM kA usakA alpa tyAga hotA hai, ataH vaha aNuvratI kahalAtA hai| aNuvratoM kI laghutA mahAvratoM kI apekSA kahI gaI hai / athavA sarvavirata kI * apekSA kama guNa vAloM ke vratoM ko aNuvrata kahA gayA hai| " 16 - aNuvrata ke bheda :- pA~ca pApoM se ekadeza virakti rUpa hone ke kAraNa aNuvrata ke pA~ca bheda haiM- ahiMsANuvrata, satyANuvrata, asteya yA acauryANuvrata, brahmacaryANuvrata aura parigrahaparimANANuvrata /

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anekAnta / 55/3 23 ina pA~ca aNuvratoM ke atirikta cAritrasAra meM rAtribhojana tyAga ko chaThA aNuvrata kahA gayA hai|" pAkSika pratikramaNa pATha meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki maiM chaThe aNuvrata meM rAtri bhojana kA tyAga karatA huuN| zrI brahma nemidatta ne bhI apane dharmopadeza pIyUSa varSa zrAvakAcAra meM rAtribhojana tyAga ko chaThA aNuvrata svIkAra kiyA hai| 18 inakI yaha mAnyatA cAritrasAra ke praNetA cAmuNDarAya ke hI samAna hai| 1. ahiMsANuvrata :- pramAda ke yoga arthAt rAga-dveSa rUpa pravRtti ke kAraNa apane athavA dUsaroM ke prANoM ke vyaparopaNa arthAt pIDana aura vinAzana ko hiMsA kahate haiN| sthUla hiMsA se virakta honA ahiMsANuvrata hai / vasunandi zrAvakAcAra meM trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA ke sarvathA tyAga tathA niSprayojana sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA ke tyAga ko ahiMsANuvrata kahA hai| " AraMbhI, udyogI, virodhI evaM saMkalpI hiMsA meM se gRhastha saMkalpI hiMsA kA to tyAgI hotA hai| zeSa maM yathAsaMbhava yatnAcAra pUrvaka pravRtti karatA hai / yadi yatnAcArapUrvaka pravRtti na kare to anya hiMsA bhI saMkalpI hI mAnI jaavegii| zrI jayasenaracita dharmaratnAkara meM tathA puruSArtha siddhayupAya ke eka zloka kahA gayA hai ki ahiMsAmaya dharma ke svarUpa ko sunate hue bhI jo jIva sthAvara hiMsA ko chor3ane meM asamartha hoM, unheM trasahiMsA kA tyAga to karanA hI caahie| 20 ahiMsANuvrata ke aticAra :- dhAraNa kiye gaye vrata meM doSa lagane kA nAma aticAra hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne prANIbaMdhana, prANItADana, aMgaccheda, atibhArAropaNa tathA annapAna nirodha ye ahiMsANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra mAne haiN| 21 zrAvaka ko inase bacane kA satata prayAsa karanA cAhie, kyoMki inase vrata meM malinatA AtI hai| ahiMsANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM :- vacanagupti, manogupti, IryAsamiti, AdAnanikSepaNa samiti tathA AlokitapAna bhojana yeM pA~ca ahiMsA vrata kI bhAvanAyeM haiN| 22 inake Ane se vrata kA pAlana ThIka prakAra se hotA hai| zrAvaka ko nirantara yaha vicAra karanA cAhie ki hiMsAdi pApoM se isa loka aura paraloka meM ApattiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| ye pApa duHkha rUpa hI hai| ataH inakA tyAga kara denA hI yogya hai / somadeva sUri ne yazastilakacampUgata upAsakAdhyayana meM kahA ki aNuvratI

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anekAnta/55/3 ko ahiMsAvrata kI rakSArtha rAtri bhojana tyAga aura abhakSya bhakSaNa kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| 2. satyANuvrata :- pramAda ke kAraNa jIvoM ko pIDAdAyaka garhita vacana bolanA asatya pApa hai| satyANuvratI aise asatya kA tyAgI hotA hai| dharmaratnAkara meM kahA gayA hai ki jisa kathana se avizvAsa utpanna hotA hai, daNDa bhoganA par3atA hai aura niraparAdhI manuSya ko santApa utpanna hotA hai aise aprazasta vacana rUpa asatya kA nirmala buddhi vAle manuSya ko dUra se hI parityAga kara denA caahie| samantabhadrAcArya ne satyANuvrata kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahA hai ki sthUla jhUTha jo na to svayaM bolatA hai, na dUsaroM se bulavAtA hai tathA jisa vacana se vipatti AtI ho aisA vacana na Apa bole na dUsaroM se bulavAve use sajjana satyANuvrata kahate haiN| satyANuvrata ke aticAra :- mithyopadeza (jhUThA evaM ahitakArI upadeza), rahobhyAkhyAna (ekAnta kI strI-puruSa kI kriyA kA prakaTa karanA), kUTalekha kriyA (dabAvavaza jhUThI likhApar3hI), nyAsApahAra (dharohara bhUla jAne para na denA yA kama mAgane para kama denA) tathA sAkAra mantra bheda (AkRti se parAbhiprAya jAnakara prakaTa kara denA) ye pA~ca satya vrata ke aticAra haiN| 26 satyANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM :- satyANuvrata kI rakSA ke lie zrAvaka ko krodha, lobha, bhaya evaM hAsya kA tyAga tathA zAstrAnukUla nirdoSa vacana bolane kI bhAvanA bhAnA caahie| 3. acauryANuvrata :- binA dI huI vastu kA lenA corI hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki bAhyavastu ke grahaNa karane ke saMkleza pariNAmoM kA nAma corI hai, bhale hI vastu grahaNa ho yA na ho| 28 sthUla corI kA tyAga acauryANuvrata hai| samantabhadrAcArya kA kahanA hai ki rakhe hue, gire hue athavA bhUle hue yA dharohara rakhe gaye para dravya ko haraNa na karanA, na dUsaroM ko denA acauryANuvrata hai| svAmI kArtikeya ke anusAra vaha acauryANuvratI hai jo bahumUlya vastu ko alpamUlya meM nahIM letA hai, dUsaroM kI chUTI huI vastu ko nahIM uThAtA hai, thor3e

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anekAnta/55/3 se lAbha se hI saMtuSTa rahatA hai, krodha, mAna, lobha tathA kapaTa se para dravya kA haraNa nahIM karatA hai| 30 acauryANuvrata ke aticAra :- corI karane ke upAya batAnA, corI kA mAla kharIdanA, rAjA ke niyamoM ke viruddha kArya karanA, mApa-taula kamatI-bar3hatI rakhanA tathA milAvaTa karanA ye pA~ca acauryANuvrata ke aticAra haiN| paNDitapravara AzAdhara ne viruddharAjyAtikrama ke sthAna para 'yuddha ke samaya padArthoM kA saMgraha karanA' aticAra meM parigaNita kiyA hai| acauryANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM :- nirjana sthAna para rahanA, dUsaroM dvArA parityakta sthAna para rahanA, jahA~ Thahare hoM vahA~ dUsaroM ko Ane se na rokanA, zAstrAnusAra bhikSA meM zuddhi rakhanA tathA sAdharmiyoM se visaMvAda na karanA ye pA~ca acauryANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM haiN| 32 ye bhAvanAyeM AcArya umAsvAmI ne mukhyataH mahAvratiyoM ko kahIM jAna par3atI haiN| parantu sadharmAvisaMvAda bhAvanA zrAvakoM meM bhI ghaTita ho sakatI hai| pUjana ke bartana, dhotI-dupaTTA, baiThane ke sthAna Adi ke viSaya meM jhagar3ane kA bhAva na rakhanA sadharmAvisaMvAda bhAvanA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda kA kahanA hai ki para dravya kA apaharaNa karane vAle cora kA sabhI tiraskAra karate haiN| isa loka meM vaha tADana, mAraNa, bandhana, chedana, bhedana aura sarvasva haraNa Adi duHkhoM ko bhogatA hai tathA paraloka meM azubha gati ko prApta karatA hai| ataH corI kA tyAga karanA hI kalyANakArI hai| zrAvaka ko aisI bhAvanA kA cintana karanA caahie| 33 4. brahmacaryANuvrata :- cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya meM sajAtIya yA vijAtIya mithuna kI sparzanAdi kriyAyeM abrahma haiM aura inakA tyAga brahmacarya hai| brahmacaryANuvrata kA varNana karate hue ratnakaraNDa-zrAvakAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki jo pApa ke bhaya se na to parastrI ke prati gamana kare aura na dUsaroM ko gamana karAve vaha parastrI tyAga evaM svastrI saMtoSa nAmaka brahmacaryANuvrata hai| AcArya vasunandi kA kahanA hai ki aSTamI, caturdazI Adi parva ke dinoM meM strI sevana tathA sadaiva anaGga.krIDA kA tyAga karane vAle ko bhagavAn ne sthUla brahmacArI kahA hai| svAmI kArtikeya ke anusAra jo strI ke zarIra ko azucimaya aura

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26 anekAnta/55/3 durgandhita jAnakara usake rUpa-lAvaNya ko bhI mana meM moha paidA karane vAlA mAnatA hai tathA mana-vacana-kAya se parAI strI ko mAtA, bahina aura putrI ke samAna samajhatA hai, vaha zrAvaka sthUla brahmacarya kA dhArI hai| amRtacandrAcArya kA kahanA hai ki jo jIva moha ke kAraNa apanI vivAhitA strI ko chor3ane meM asamartha haiM, unheM bhI zeSa sarva strI ke sevana ko tyAga denA caahie| brahmacaryANuvrata ke aticAra :- dUsaroM ke putra-putriyoM kA vivAha karAnA, patirahita strI (anAtha, kumArI yA vezyA) ke yahA~ jAnA, vivAhitA vyabhicAriNI strI ke yahA~ jAnA, kAma sevana ke aMgoM se bhinna aMgoM se kAma sevana karanA tathA kAma sevana kI tIvra lAlasA rakhanA ye pA~ca umAsvAmI ke anusAra brahmacaryANuvrata ke aticAra haiN| 38 brahmacaryANuvrata ke ina aticAroM meM itvarikAparigrahItA gamana evaM itvarikA aparigrahItAgamana rUpa dUsare evaM tIsare aticAra meM koI vizeSa antara dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki svadAra santoSI ke lie to donoM hI parastrI haiN| isI kAraNa samantabhadrAcArya ne ina donoM ke sthAna para eka itvarikAgamana ko rakhakara viTatva nAmaka eka anya aticAra ko rakhA hai|" yaha brahmacaryANuvrata kA aticAra hone ke lie sarvathA upayukta hai| brahmacaryANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM :- striyoM ke aMga dekhane se virakta rahanA, pUrvAnubhUta bhogoM ke smaraNa se virakta rahanA, striyA~ jahA~ rahatI hoM vahA~ rahane se virakta rahanA, zRMgArika kathAoM se virakta rahanA tathA kAmottejaka padArthoM ke sevana kA tyAga karanA ye pA~ca brahmacaryANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kahIM gaI haiN| 40 AcArya umAsvAmI ke tattvArthasUtra meM saMsaktavAsa ke sthAna para sva zarIra saMskAra tyAga nAmaka bhAvanA hai| zeSa cAra bhAvanAyeM samAna haiN| brahmacaryANuvrata kI ina pA~ca bhAvanAoM meM pA~coM indriyoM evaM mana ke viSayoM kI pravRtti ko tyAgane kA bhAva garbhita hai| isase yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki brahmacarya kevala sparzana indriya mAtra kA viSaya nahI hai, apitu sabhI indriyoM kA viSaya hai| 5. parigrahaparimANANuvrata :- yaha vastu merI hai, maiM isakA svAmI hU~ isa prakAra kA mamatva pariNAma parigraha hai| zrI zubhacandrAcArya ke anusAra parigraha hI duHkha kA mUla kAraNa hai| kyoMki parigraha se kAma utpanna hotA hai, kAma se

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anekAnta/55/3 27 krodha, krodha se hiMsA, hiMsA se pApa aura pApa se naraka gati hotI hai| usa naraka gati meM akathanIya atyanta duHkha hotA hai| yaha vizeSa kheda kI bAta hai ki loga hiMsAdi cAra ko to pApa mAnate haiM, para parigraha ko pApa samajhate hI nahIM hai, jabaki vaha sabhI pApoM kI jar3a hai| samantabhadrAcArya ke anusAra dhana-dhAnya Adi parigraha ko parimita karake ki 'itanA rakheMge' phira usase adhika kI icchA na rakhanA so parigraha parimANa aNuvrata hai| ise icchA parimANa vrata bhI kahA gayA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM kahA gayA hai ki jo lobha kaSAya ko kama karake santoSa rUpI rasAyana se saMtuSTa hotA huA sabako vinazvara jAnakara duSTa tRSNA kA nAza karatA hai aura AvazyakatA ko jAnakara dhana-dhAnya, suvarNa, kSetra Adi kA parimANa karatA hai, usake yaha pA~cavAM aNuvrata hotA hai| 45 parigrahatyAga aNuvrata meM to dhana-dhAnyAdi kA AvazyakatAvaza parimANa kiyA jAtA hai, jabaki parigraha tyAga pratimA meM inakA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| 46 parigraha parimANANuvrata ke aticAra :- tattvArthasUtrakAra ne kSetra evaM vAstu ke pramANa ke atikramaNa, sonA-cA~dI ke pramANa ke atikramaNa, dhana-dhAnya ke pramANa ke atikramaNa dAsI-dAsa ke pramANa ke atikramaNa aura kupya arthAt vastra evaM bhANDa ke pramANa ke atikramaNa ko parigraha parimANANuvrata ke pA~ca aticAra kahe haiN| 47 samantabhadrAcArya ke anusAra prayojana se adhika savArI rakhanA, Avazyaka vastuoM kA adhika saMgraha karanA, dUsaroM kA vaibhava dekhakara Azcarya karanA, bahuta lobha karanA tathA bahuta bhAra lAdanA ye pA~ca parigrahaparimANa aNuvrata ke aticAra haiN| yahA~ dhyAtavya hai ki tattvArthasUtra pratipAdita pA~coM aticAra to eka atikramaNa nAma meM hI grahIta ho sakate the| ata: unakI paJcarUpatA kI sArthakatA ke lie hI samantabhadrAcArya me svatantra rUpa se pA~ca anya aticAroM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| parigrahaparimANANu vrata kI bhAvanAyeM :- pA~coM indriyoM ke iSTa viSayoM meM rAga evaM aniSTa viSayoM meM dveSa nahIM karanA aparigraha vrata kI bhAvanAyeM haiN| inheM yathAyogya mahAvrata evaM aNuvrata meM saMgata karanA caahie| vratoM kI bhAvanAoM evaM aticAroM kA varNana sarvaprathama tattvArthasUtra meM prApta

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anekAnta/55/3 hotA hai| kundakundAcArya evaM svAmI kArtikeya ne unakA koI varNana nahI kiyA hai| paravartI AcAryoM kA varNana prAyaH tattvArthasUtra evaM ratnakaraNDa-zrAvakAcAra ke varNana se prabhAvita hai| aNuvratoM kI Aja ke sandarbha meM upayogitA :- Aja mAnava kI hiMsA carama sImA para hai| vizva bhara meM AtaMkavAda tejI se phailatA jA rahA hai| aNDA, mAMsa, machalI aba vyApArika vastu bana gaI hai tathA bUcar3akhAne kamAI ke sAdhana bana rahe haiN| aisI sthiti meM ahiMsANuvrata kA paripAlana hI hamArI rakSA kara sakatA hai| anyathA pratyeka deza ko vaisI trAsadI jhelanA par3a sakatI hai jaisI abhI 11 sitambara 2001 ko amerikA ne jhelI hai| corI karAke, corI kA mAla kharIdakara, Ayakara evaM bikrIkara Adi meM ghapalA karake, kamatI-bar3hatI mApa-taula rakhake tathA mahaMgI vastu meM sastI vastu kI milAvaTa karake loga rAtoM-rAta karor3apati banane ke sapane saMjo rahe haiM tathA reta kI dIvAroM ke mahala banA rahe haiN| janasaMkhyA ke anupAta meM jainoM kA pratizata aba kama nahI hai| unheM acauryANuvrata kI bhAvanAyeM bhAkara aticAroM se bacane kI prayAsa pUrvaka AvazyakatA hai| 'zIlaM paraM bhUSaNam' kA bhAva aba samAja meM kahIM-kahIM hI dikhAI diyA karatA hai| utsAhapUrvaka rAvaNa kA putalA jalAne vAle loga hI rAvaNa kA AcaraNa karate lajAte nahI haiN| svapatnI saMtoSa na rahane ke kAraNa hI amaryAdita maithuna ke kAraNa vizva eDsa jaisI khataranAka bImAriyoM kI giraphta meM A gayA hai| balAtkAra aura usake bAda hatyA aba pratyeka nagara kA pramukha samAcAra bana gayA hai| vyakti bhogavilAsa ko hI apanA lakSya samajha rahA hai| aisI dazA meM svapatnIsantoSa/svapatisantoSa vrata hI eka mAtra ina samasyAoM kA sArthaka samAdhAna prastuta kara sakatA hai| AcAryoM ne parigraha ko sabhI pApoM kA bApa kahA hai, kintu Azcarya to yaha hai ki parigraha meM lipta manuSya kA aba parigraha ko pApa mAnane taka meM vizvAsa nahI rahA hai| jarUrata se adhika vastuoM ke saMgraha ne anya vyaktiyoM ko abhAva meM jIne ke lie majabUra kara diyA hai| paryApta anna bhaNDAra hone para bhI ur3IsA meM loga bhUkha ke kAraNa mara rahe haiN| yadi hama vAstava meM hI 'jio aura jIne do' kI bhAvanA rakhate haiM to hameM apanI icchAoM ko sImita karake parigrahaparimANa aNuvrata apanAnA hI hogaa|

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anekAnta/55/3 pA~co aNuvrata mAnava, samAja, rASTra evaM vizva ke naitika utthAna ke lie parama Avazyaka haiN| Aja ke sandarbha meM aNuvratoM ke sAmayika prayoga kI mahatI AvazkatA hai| yahI vyaktitva nirmANa kI AdhArabhUmi hai| sandarbha : 1. sAgAradharmAmRta 1/15 kI svopajJa TIkA, 2. abhidhAnarAjendra koSa, bhAga 7 pRSTha 779, 3. gacchAcArapayannA TIkA, dvitIya adhikAra, 4. sthAnAi.sUtra, ThAgA 4 uddeza 4, 5. sAgaradharmAmRta, 7/38-39, 6. AdipurANa, 39/149, 7. madyamAMsamadhutyAgai: shaannuvrtpnyckm| aSTau mUlaguNAnAmuhiNAM shrmnnottmH|| -ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 66, 8. hiMsAsatyAsteyAdabrahanaparigrahAcca baadrbhedaat|| dyUtAnmAMsAnmadhAdviratigRhiNo'STa santyamI mlgunnaaH|| (cAritrasAra meM uddhRta) 9. madyaM mAMsaM kSaudaM paJcodumbaraphalAni ytnen| hiMsAvyaparatikAmairmAktavyAni prthmmev|| paruSArthasiddhi.61 10. mdyplmdhunishaashnpnycphliivirtipnyckaaptntii| jIvadayAjalagAlanamiti ca kvcidssttmuulgunnaaH|| -sAgAradharmAmRta, adhyAya 2 11. samIcIna dharmazAstra, prastAvanA pR. 59, 12. 'vratamabhisandhikRto niyamaH, idaM kartavyamidaM na kartavyamiti vA' -sarvArthasiddhi, 7/1 13. saMkalpapUrvakaH sevye niymo'shubhkrmnnH| nivRttirvA vrataM syAdvA pravRttiH shubhkrmnni|| -sAgAradharmAmRta, 2/80 14. 'ebhizca digvratAdibhiruttaravrataiH sampanno'gArI vratI bhvti|' -'aNuvrato'gArI' sUtra kA tattvArthAdhigama bhASya 15. sarvArthasiddhi, 7/20 16. aNani laghuni vratAni annuvrtaani| laghutvaM ca mahAvratopakSayA alpaviSayatvAdineti prtiitmeveti| uktaMca savvagayaM sammattaM sue carittena phajjayA svve| desaviraI pamucca doNha vi pArDasevaNaM kujjaa|| athavA sarvaviratApekSayA'NorlaghorguNino vratAni annuvrtaani| -abhidhAnarAjendra koSa, bhAga / pRSTha 416 17. cAritrasAra, 13/3, 18. zrAvakAcArasaMgraha, bhAga 4 bhUmikA pRSTha 37, 19. vasunandi zrAvakAcAra, 209 20. dharmamahiMsArUpaM saMzRNvanto'pi ye prityktm| sthAvarahiMsAmasahAstrasahiMsAMte'pi munycntu|| -dharmaratnAkara, 924 (puruSArtha sihayuNaya, 76) 21. bndhvsscchedaatiropnnaanpaannirodhaaH| -tattvArthasUtra 7/25 22. vAha.manogaptIryAdAnanikSepaNasamityAlokitapAnabhojanAni ca paJca 1 -vahI 714 23. draSTavya-upAsakAdhyayana, dvitIya AzvAsa

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30 anekAnta/55/3 24. yenApratyayadaNDo santApo bhavati nirpraadhsy| asadabhidhAnaM tvanRtaM tattyAjyaM dUrataH sudhiyaa|| dharmaratnAkara, 1022 25. sthUlamalIkaM na vadati na parAnvAdayati satyamapi vipde| yattadavadanti santaH sthuulmRssaavaadvairmnnm|| ratnakaraNDa -zrAvakAcAra, 55 26. mithyopadezarahobhyAkhyAnakUTalekhakriyAnyAsApahArasAkAra- mntrbhedaaH| -tattvArthasUtra 7126 27. krodhalobhabhIrutvahAsyapratyAkhyAnAnyanuvIcibhASaNaM ca pnyc| -vahI 7/5 28. sarvArthasiddhi, 7/15 29. nihitaM vA patitaM vA suvismRtaM vA prsvmvisssttm| na harati yanna datte tdkRshcauryaaduprmnnm|| ratnakaraNDa., 57 30. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 315-316 31. 'stenaprayogatadAhatAdAnaviruddharAjyAtikramahInAdhikamAnonmAna prtiruupkvyvhaaraa:|' -tattvArthasUtra, 7727 32. zUnyAgAravimocitAvAsaparoparodhAkaraNabhaikSyazuddhi-sadharmAvisaMvAdAH pnyc|' -vahI 77 33. sarvArthasiddhi, 7/9 34. na tu paradArAn gacchati na parAn gamayati ca paapbhiiteryt| sA paradAranivRttiH svdaarsntossnaamaapi|| ratnakaraNDa., 59 35. vasunandizrAvakAcAra, 212, 36. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 337-338, 37. puruSArtha siddhayupAya, 110 38. 'prvivaahkrnnetvrikaaprigrhiitaaprigrhiitaagmnaandd'.-kriiddaakaamtiivraabhiniveshaaH|' -tattvArthasUtra 7/128 39. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 60, 40. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, 1210, 41. tattvArthasUtra, 7/7, 42. rAjavArtika, 6/15 43. jJAnArNava, 16/12/178, 44. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 61, 45. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 339-340 46. lATIsahitA, 7140-42 47. 'kssetrvaastuhirnnysuvrnndhndhaanydaasiidaaskupyprmaannaati-krmaaH|' -tattvArthasUtra, 7/29 48. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra, 62 49. 'manojJAmanojJendriyaviSayarAgadveSavarjanAni paJcA' -tattvArthasUtra, 7/8 -upAcArya evaM adhyakSa-saMskRta vibhAga esa. DI. (pI. jI.) kaoNleja mujaphpharanagara (u. pra.) jeNa viNA cArittaM, suaM tavaM dANasIlaM avi svvN| kAsakusumaM va vihalaM, ia muNi kuNasu suhabhavaM // -zrI somadevasUrikRta ArAdhanA prakaraNa, 58 artha- jisake binA cAritra, zuta, tapa, dAna aura zIla saba kAsa ke phUla kI taraha viphala (phalahIna) ho jAte haiM, aisA jAnakara zubha bhAva kro||

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sapta vyasana kA samAja para duSprabhAva -DaoN. jyoti jaina bhautikavAda kI cakAcauMdha aura AdhunikatA ke pariveza meM pratyeka vyakti kisI na kisI samasyA se grasta apane Apa ko tanAva, nirAzA aura azAMti se ghirA pAtA hai| jaina dharma hI eka aisA dharma hai jisameM (sTepa vAI sTepa) vyaktiyoM kI samasyAoM kA nirAkaraNa kara, use Atma kalyANa kI ora agrasara hone evaM sukha zAMti kA anubhava prApta karane ke liye eka sudRr3ha aura suvyavasthita AcAra saMhitA hamAre AcAryoM ne dI hai| isIzRMkhalA meM dharma hameM sabase pahale pApoM se paricaya karAtA hai kyoMki jaba taka vyasanarUpI pApa nahIM haTege dharma nahIM hogaa| isIliye jaina darzana karmo kI nirjarA para jora detA hai| AcArya padmanaMdI ne paMcaviMzAtikA meM una sapta vyasanoM kA paricaya karAyA hai jo jIvana meM sabase adhika hAni pahuMcAte haiM, yaha pApa haiM, viSa rUpa hai| ____ 21vIM sadI Ate Ate mAnava apane mAnavIya Adarza evaM saMskAra khotA jA rahA hai aura azAMti, hiMsA, lUTapATa, balAtkAra, AtaMkavAda jaisI kupravRtiyAM bar3hatI jA rahI haiN| ApAdhApI kI yaha aMdhI daur3a hameM kahAM le jAyegI patA nhiiN| bhautika sukha suvidhA ne manuSya ko vilAsI banA diyA hai| paise ko itanI pratiSThA mila gayI hai ki saba paise ko bhagavAna samajhane lage haiM isI paise aura vilAsitA ne manuSya ke viveka para paradA DAlakara use vyasanI banA diyA hai| ataH AvazyakatA hai ki hama viveka ko jAgRta kareM, AkheM kholeM, saMskAra, zikSA aura guru vANI ke mAdhyama se dharma ke mArga ko apnaayeN| Aja choTe choTe bacce saMskAra hInatA ke kAraNa vyasanayukta hote jA rahe haiM ataH parivAra kA dAyitva vizeSa rUpa se mAM kA dAyitva adhika banatA hai ki unheM saMskArita kre| Aja baccoM meM juA rUpI vibhinna pratiyogitAyoM kI lata, abhakSya padArtho kA sevana, jhUTha, beimAnI jaisI burI AdateM, nazIlI cIjoM kA sevana, unmukta

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anekAnta/55/3 yauna vyavahAra, krUratA, karuNA kA abhAva, aura riztoM kI badalatI maryAdAyeM jaisI sAmAjika burAIyAM bacapana se hI panapane lagIM haiM bar3e hone taka ye burI AdatoM meM pariNata ho jAtI hai| ataH ucita zikSA, saMskAra evaM guru-vANI se unheM vivekavAna banAnA Avazyaka hai| tabhI acche-bure kI pahacAna hogI ye saba kisI Tyuzana yA kociMga klAsa meM nahIM milegA yaha saba hameM dhArmika/naitika saMskAroM kI zikSA ke dvArA milegaa| saca hI kahA hai ki dharma jIvana kA AdhAra hai| dhArmika/naitika saMskAroM se mAnavIya guNoM, saMvadenAoM evaM vicAroM ko bala milatA hai| isa saMsAra meM acchAI bhI hai burAI bhI hai, nekI bhI hai aura vadI bhI hai, pApa bhI hai puNya bhI hai, vyasana bhI hai sadAcAra bhI hai yaha hamAre viveka para nirbhara hai ki hama kyA cuneN| guruvara kahate hai ki saMsAra kI bagiyA meM se phUla-cuno, zUloM ko bhUla jAo jo phUla cunatA hai usakA jIvana phUla sA saurabha bikheratA hai vaise to AcAryoM ne vyasanoM khoTI AdatoM ko sAta bhAgoM meM bAMTA hai, para ye sAta vyasana 7000 vyasana se kama nhiiN| jitane bhI anaitika-pApayukta kArya hai sabhI vyasanoM meM Ate hai jo mAnava ko patana kI ora le jAte haiN| AcAryoM ne sAta vyasana batAye hai| ye sAta vyasana hai- dyUta-mAMsa-surA-vezyA kheTa caurya parAr3anA, mahApApAni sapteti vyasanAni tyajed budhH|| juA, mAMsa, zarAba, vezyAgamana, zikAra, corI, parastrIsevana ye sAta vyasana haiM jinakA tyAga honA caahiye| juA :- vyasanoM meM juA ko pApa kA bIja batAyA hai| arthAt yadi apane jIvana ko pApamaya banAnA hai to juA rUpI vyasana ke bIja kI apane jIvana meM bonI kara do (bo-lo)| itihAsa gavAha hai ki juA khelane ke kAraNa kisa taraha vaMza ke vaMza naSTa ho gaye aura mahAbhArata jaisA yuddha huaa| yudhiSThara jaisA dharmajJa, arjuna jaisA dharnudhArI, bhIma jaisA yoddhA, nakula va sahadeva jaise vAtsalya premI ko duniyA kI koI tAkata parAjita nahIM kara sakatI thI, unheM juA ne parAjita kara diyaa|

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anekAnta/55/3 33 hAra jIta kI zarta lagAkara koI bhI khela khelanA sabhI juA ke antargata Ate hai| manuSya ne manoraMjana ke liye aneka juA rUpI kheloM kA aviSkAra kara liyA hai| Adhunika hoTala saMskRti, klaboM, kiTIpArTiyoM Adi meM inakI upaspiti Avazyaka ho gayI hai| naye-naye tarja para bar3e-bar3e kaisIno (juAghara) khula gaye haiM jahAM parivAra sameta juA khelA jAne lagA hai| (hara varga ke liye alaga-alaga vyvsthaa)| badalate pariveza meM juA ke itane rUpa sAmane A rahe haiM unase kahAM taka kauna baca pAtA hai kahanA muzkila hai| ___ juA kA hI eka rUpa lATarI ne mAnava jIvana kI jo barbAdI kI hai usa para jitanA kahA jAye jitanA likhA jAye kama hai| anekoM ghara, bacce, parivAra, lATarI kI bheMTa car3ha gye| Aja TI.vI. iMTaraneTa ke mAdhyama se vibhinna pratiyogitAyeM jo sAmane A rahI hai unase na kevala vyakti kI kAryakSamatA prabhAvita huI hai balki aneka parivAroM kI zAMti bhaMga ho gayI hai inhIM meM ulajhA vyakti apane jIvana ko bhI ulajhA rahA hai| kauna banegA karor3apati ne aisA lAlaca, nazA paidA kiyA ki loga kAma karanA, khAnA pInA bhUla gaye basa isa taka pahu~cane kI kalpanAoM meM apanA bahumUlya samaya naSTa karane meM lage hue haiN| __juA rUpI nazA na kevala hamArI buddhi kA nAza karatA hai varan dhana aura amUlya samaya ko bhI naSTa karatA hai| yUM to juA kAnUnana jurma bhI hai para apane naye rUpoM meM kAnUna ko bhI mAta de detA hai| isa saMdarbha meM hama mahilAoM kA vizeSa dAyitva hai| draupadI ke kathAnaka ko kaise bhulAyA jA sakatA hai| nArI jAti ke apamAna ke mUla meM juA hI thaa| draupadI kA to tIvra puNya karma kA udaya thA ki atizaya pragaTa huA aura usakA cIra haraNa na ho sakA para Aja hama kisa atizaya kI pratIkSA karege! Aja hameM svayaM isa pApa se apane parivAra ko bacAnA hai dhyAna rakho parivAra ke kisI eka vyakti kI galata Adata pUre parivAra kI sukha-zAMti bhaMga kara detI hai| hamAre saMskAra, hamArI zikSA aura hamAre guruoM kI vANI hI sahI galata kI pahacAna karAtI hai| ataH juA rUpI pApa ko pAsa meM na phaTakane de|

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anekAnta/55/3 mAMsa khAnA :- kalpanA bhI nahIM kI gayI thI ki 21vIM sadI Ate Ate mAnava itanA hiMsaka ho jAyegA jitanA ki vaha apanI asabhya avasthA meM bhI nahIM thaa| mahAvIra aura gAMdhI ke ahiMsAvAdI deza meM Aja cAroM ora hiMsA hI hiMsA dikhAI de rahI hai| bhojana pratyeka prANI kI avivArya AvazyakatA hai| prakRti ne manuSya ko zAkAhArI banAyA para rasanA indriya kI lolupatA aura AdhunikatA ke vyAmoha meM hama zAkAhArI bhI jAne-anajAne abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana karane lage haiN| prANImAtra ke prati dayA bhAva rakhane vAlA jaina dharma bhakSya-abhakSya ke saMbaMdha meM sadaiva saceta karatA rahA hai| vaijJAnika parIkSaNoM se bhI siddha ho gayA hai ki mAMsAhAra svAsthya ke anukUla nahIM hai evaM vibhinna bImAriyoM ko janma detA hai| _ 'jaisA khAve anna vaisA hove mana' kahAvata varSoM se hamAre AhAra caryA rUpI dharohara ke rUpa meM calI A rahI hai| hama jaisA khAyeMge hamAre mana kI pariNati vaisI hI hogii| yadi hama mAMsAhArI abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana kareMge to hamAre pariNAma hiMsAtmaka hI hoNge| saMsAra meM jitane bhI hiMsAtmaka kArya ho rahe hai una sabake pIche mAMsAhAra bhI eka kAraNa hai| aneka vaijJAnika evaM sAmAjika sarvekSaNa evaM zodhoM se spaSTa ho gayA hai ki zAkAhAra hI uttama AhAra hai| zAkAhAra zAMtikAraka, hAnirahita, sukhI jIvana zailI kI pahacAna hai| hamAre zAstroM meM isa sabaMdha meM aneka kathAnaka haiM jaise-rAjA baka jisane baccoM taka kA mAMsa khAyA usakI kyA durdazA huii| eka mAMsAhArI bhIla kI kathA jisane munirAja ke kahane para kaue kA mAMsa chor3a diyaa| Aja deza meM aMdhAdhuMdha pazuoM kA katla ho rahA hai, mAMsa kA niryAta ho rahA hai jo hamArI ahiMsAvAdI saMskRti ke viparIta hai| bhASaNa bAjI, railiyAM julUsoM se kAma nahIM calane vAlA, zAkAhAriyoM kA eka bahuta bar3A samudAya hai janacetanA jAgRta kara sarakAra para dabAba DAla sakate hai| zAkAhArI jana pratinidhiyoM kA isa sabaMdha meM vizeSa uttaradAyitva hai| tabhI sarakAra kI nItiyoM meM hama parivartana lA sakate haiN|

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anekAnta/55/3 Aja hama saba par3he likhe haiM phira bhI khAne-pIne kI vastuoM meM viveka nahIM rakha rahe haiN| Aja hoTala saMskRti ko bar3hAvA mila rahA hai| rASTrIya antarrASTrIya bhojya padArtho kI zrRMkhalA, DibbAbaMda bhojya padArtha, phAsTaphUDa, cAinIja Disesa , cAkaleTa, AisakrIma, salAda jisameM na jAne kyA kyA upayoga hotA hai, ne hamAre AhAra meM ghusapaiTha kara lI hai| hamArI jaina saMskRti meM AcAryoM ne AhAra sabaMdhI eka suvyavasthita/maryAdita/saMyamita evaM svAsthya vardhaka AcAra saMhitA dI hai jisakA sahajatA se pAlana kiyA jA sakatA hai| hama mahilAoM kA vizeSa dAyitva hai ki AdhunikatA ke vyAmoha meM apanI AhAra caryA ko na bhuuleN| peTa ko eka saMtulita, niyamita, maryAdita AhAra deM tAki vyakti svastha sukhI jIvana bitA ske| AcAryoM ne isa vyasana ko vistRta karate huye binA chanA pAnI, rAtribhojana, hoTala bhojana, reDImeDa bhojana, davAIyoM Adi ke sabaMdha meM viveka rakhane ko kahA hai| hamAre jaina AcAryoM, sAdhuoM, muniyoM, AryikAoM, vidvAnoM evaM buddhijIviyoM ne isa saMbaMdha meM sArthaka prayAsa kiye haiM sArvajanika maMca se pravacana, bhASaNa, choTI choTI kitAbeM nikAlI haiN| isa saMbaMdha meM vartamAna meM hamAre AcAryo muniyoM kA samAja para bahuta bar3A upakAra hai| apane mArmika pravacanoM ke mAdhyama se aneka logo kA na kevala hRdaya parivartana kiyA varan kyA khAye kyA na khAye isa saMbaMdha meM bhI viveka jAgRta kiyA hai| zarAba-nazA :- AcAryoM ne kahA hai zarAba nazA samasta puruSArthoM ko naSTa kara detA hai nazA karane vAlA vyakti cAroM puruSArthoM (artha, kAma, dharma, mokSa) meM se kisI ko bhI prApta nahIM kara sakatA hai, dvIpAyana muni dvArA dvArakA bhasma ho gayI, yaha kathAnaka kise yAda na hogaa| bar3e bar3e samRddha parivAra, naze kI vajaha se ujar3ate dekhe gaye haiM parivAra ke parivAra naze kI lata meM naSTa ho gye| Aja Trephika kI jitanI bhI durghaTanAyeM hotI haiM adhikAMza naze meM hotI hai| zarAbI vyakti acchA-burA bhakSya-abhakSya dina-rAta kA jJAna nahIM kara sakatA apanA viveka kho detA hai| Ae dina hama zarAbiyoM, nazer3iyoM kI viveka hInatA dekhate rahate haiN| zarAba ke naze meM beTI

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36 anekAnta/55/3 taka se balAtkAra, nAlI-gaMdagI meM par3e rahanA, hiMsA kara denA aura parivAra kI zAMti bhaMga kara denA Adi niMdanIya kriyAyeM karate rahate haiN| zarAba ke naze meM vyakti krUra krodhI aMsayamI bana jAtA hai usake liye sAmAnya jIvana kA koI mahatva hI nahIM rahatA hai| deza kI sarakAra kI nIti bhI kucha isa taraha kI hai ki madyapAna aura nazIlI cIjoM ko bar3hAvA hI mila rahA hai| galI-galI meM khulI dukAneM nazA hI nazA beca rahIM haiN| zarAba, aphIma, gAMjA, smaika, kokIna, sigareTa, tambAkU, bhAMga, haroIna, pAna masAlA, guTakA aura taraha taraha ke injekzana jaisI nazIlI vastuoM kA prayoga kara svayaM apanI mauta ko bulA rahe haiN| slopAijana ke rUpa meM ye nazIle padArtha zarIra meM asahAya bImAriyoM kA ghara banA rahe haiN| Ajakala naze ke nAma para vibhinna jaharIle jIvoM ke avayava jaise chipakalI Adi Ayurveda ke vibhinna Asava, pIr3A hArI AyoDeksa taka nazeDI breDa meM lagAkara khA jAte haiN| AdhunikatA kI bahAra meM bahatA kolDaDiMkra kA mAyAjAla bhI kyA pilA de kucha patA nhiiN| kokA-kolA ke phArmUle kA Aja taka patA nahIM phira bhI loga botala dara botala pIte cale jAte haiN| kyA hamArA viveka nahIM kahatA ki dekho kyA milA hai kisase banA hai| yahAM taka ki apane ahaM meM loga ise pAnI se zuddha batAne lage hai| pAna masAlA, sigareTa, tambAkU Adi sabhI padArthoM kA hAnikAraka prabhAva hama roja hI dekha rahe haiN| ___ madyapAna aura nazIle padArtha ke sevana se vyakti kI vRtti aura pravRtti donoM bigar3a rahI hai| eka zodha ke anusAra jitane aparAdha hote hai unameM 92% zarAba-nazIlI cIjoM ke kAraNa hote haiN| ___ nayI-pIr3hI nazIle padArthoM ko tanAva mukti evaM uttejanA kI tIvra anUbhUti aura mastI ke liye Avazyaka mAnane lagI hai para yaha eka bhrama hai patana kA rAstA hai| - hama ucita naitika/dhArmika zikSA saMskAra evaM dharmaguruoM kI vANI se aisA vAtAvaraNa nirmita kareM tAki bacce usa ora ArkaSita hI na hoN| hamArA dAyitva hai ki unheM vyasana mukta bnaayeN| saca hai yadi parivAra evaM samAja ko naze se

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anekAnta/55/3 37 bacAnA hai to hamAre dAyitva bar3hate dikhAI dete haiM pahala hameM hI karanI hai| vezyAgamana :- 'na narakaM vezyAM vihAyAparam' arthAta vezyA ke samAna koI dUsarA naraka nahIM hai| jahAM anya vyasana naraka kA dvAra hai vahAM vezyAgamana sAkSAt naraka hai| vezyAgamana se zarIra evaM AtmA donoM kA patana hotA hai| bAjArU strI arthAt vezyA dhana aura vAsanA kI pUrti hetu kucha bhI kara sakatI hai| puruSoM ko prema jAla meM phaMsAkara vyakti kI buddhi haraNa kara nIca se nIca karma karane kI ora prerita kara detI hai| caMpApurI ke cArudatta ke vezyAgamana kI kahAnI se kauna paricita nahIM hai| cArudatta mahAna svAdhyAyI, sAdhusaMgati, dhArmika carcAyeM, tattva ciMtana-manana karane vAlA thA usake parivAra vAloM ne usakI zAdI kara dii| para tattva ciMtana karane vAle ko patnI bhI moha meM na bAMdha sakI taba usake mAmA cArudatta ko vaMsata senA nAmaka vezyA se milavAte hai usa vezyA kA aisA jAda calatA hai ki sArA jJAna dharA kA dharA raha jAtA hai aura vaha vezyA ke prati samarpita ho jAtA hai aura apanA saba kucha luTA detA hai| isI taraha eka suMdarI ke prema meM phaMsakara yuvaka apanI mAM kA kalejA lAkara de detA hai| __vezyAgamana vyasanI vyakti parivAra kA nAza to karatA hI hai apane Apa kA bhI nAza karatA hai| vibhinna bImAriyoM kA zikAra ho jAtA hai| eDsa jaisI bImArI mAno pravRtti kI tarapha se anaitika AcaraNa karane vAloM ko daMDa svarUpa hai| Aja eDsa jaise bhaMyakara bImArI se vizva lar3a rahA hai yuvAoM meM isa bImArI ke bar3hate hamArI naitikatA para praznacinha laga rahA hai ki iMsAna kitanA viSaya bhogI ho gayA hai| Aja isa vyasana ke aneka pahalU samAja ke sAmane aneka nAmoM aura kAmoM se sAmane A rahe haiM AdhunikatA ke pariveza meM inheM seksa varkara nAma de diyA gayA hai| hoTala, klaba, gesTa hAUsa ke mAdhyama se isa vyasana kI eka nayI saMskRti panapa rahI hai jo yuvA pIr3hI ko ArkaSita kara rahI hai| Adhunika unmukta vAtAvaraNa meM anya vyavasAya kI taraha ise bhI vyavasAya mAnA jAne lagA hai| isa sabakA prabhAva yaha hogA ki hamAre Adarza hamArI naitikatA dharI kI dharI raha jaayegii|

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38 anekAnta/55/3 eka dukhada pahalU yaha bhI hai ki na cAhate huye bhI garIbI berojagArI evaM anya kAraNoM se aneka mahilAoM, yuvatiyoM yahAM taka ki choTI bacciyoM ko isa naraka meM DhakelA jA rahA hai| jahAM se ve jIvana bhara mukta nahIM ho pAtI aura nArakIya jIvana bitAne ko majabUra ho jAtI hai| manuSya kI bar3hatI huI vikRti kA hI namUnA hai ki choTI bacciyoM se seksa saMbaMdha batAne vAle ye AMkar3e itanI bhaMyakara tasvIra dikhAte hai ki mAnavatA mAno khatma ho gayI ho| asaMyama aura azikSA ne jo vikRtiyAM paidA kI hai unheM hama saba milakara dUra karane kA prayAsa kareM aura saMyama hI jIvana hai isa siddhAMta ko apnaayeN| zikAra :- zikAra kA artha haiM kisI prANI ko apane zaukapUrti yA manoraMjana ke liye maarnaa| manuSya itanA krUra aura hiMsaka hotA jA rahA hai ki use hiMsaka kAryo meM AnaMda kI anubhUti hone lagI hai| Aja choTe jIvoM se lekara vizAla prANI taka kA astittva khatare meM hai| aneka zaukIna loga manoraMjana ke liye zikAra karate haiM aura usakA sira khAla Adi DrAiMga rUma meM lagAkara apanI bahAdurI kA pradarzana karanA nahIM bhuulte| davAIyoM evaM sauMdarya prasAdhanoM evaM vibhinna prayogoM kI prayogazAlAoM ke mAdhyama se prANiyoM kA nitapratidina ghAta ho rahA hai| videzoM meM pracalita kheloM meM sAMDa Adi ko lar3avA kara hiMsA meM AnaMda lete haiN| araba dezoM meM choTe baccoM ko UMTa kI pITha se bAMdhakara daur3a lagavAte haiM aura bacce ko tar3apatA dekha AnaMdita hote haiN| isI taraha ke hiMsaka manoraMjana kabUtaroM, murgo Adi ko lar3avA kara bhI karate haiN| ___ Aja zikAra Adi para pratibaMdha to hai para mAnatA kauna hai? gharelU hiMsA bhI khUba ho rahI hai, gharoM meM kITanAzakoM ke mAdhyama se khUba kIr3e-makor3oM ko mauta ke ghATa utAra diyA jAtA hai, garbhapAta karavAnA bhI zikAra rUpI vyasana hai| eka jIva ko garbha meM hI khatma karavAnA mAnavIya hiMsA kI parAkASThA hai| itanA hiMsAmaya vAtAvaraNa ho gayA hai ki pRthvI bhI kAMpa uThatI hai aura prakRti kA saMtulana bhI bigar3atA jA rahA hai| yAda rakho dIna hIna prANiyoM ko mAroge to bhava bhava bhaTakanA par3egA, senApati ke zikAra kI anumodanA kA phala muni paryAya meM 500 munirAjoM ko bhoganA hI par3A thaa| ataH zikAra vyasana kA tyAga karo | aura "ahiMsA paramo dharmaH" siddhAMta ko jIvana meM utaaro|

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anekAnta/55/3 39 corI karanA :- 'adattAdAnam steyam' arthAta binA dI huI vastu ko koI grahaNa karatA hai to vaha corI hai| kisI vastu ko chala kapaTa se chInane para dUsaroM ko dukha ho use bhI corI kaheMge / corI karane vAlA dhana kI tIvra lAlasA meM hiMsA taka kara detA hai| corI se upArjita dhana kA pApa corI karane vAle ko lagatA hai, sAre parivAra ko nahIM / DAkU bAlmIki kI kahAnI yahAM smaraNa A rahI hai jaba eka saMta ne pUchA ki tuma DAkA DAlate ho to isakA pApa kyA parivAra ke loga uThAyeMge parIkSA lI gyii| DAkUM ne marane kA nATaka kiyA sAdhu AyA usane kahA ki ThIka kara dUMgA ye kaTorI kA pAnI pI lo para pIne vAlA mara jAyegA koI pAnI pIne ko taiyAra nahIM huA mAM bApa bhAI bahina yahAM taka ki patnI ne bhI manA kara diyaa| taba DAkU kI AMkha khulatI hai aura vaha sAdhu bana jAtA hai eka vyakti subaha se zAma taka kitanI mithyA bAteM karatA hai kitane jhUTha bolatA hai kitanI naitikatA se paise kamAtA hai dhyAna rakhanA isa pApa kA bhAgIdAra vaha svayaM hai| badalate pariveza meM corI karane ke aneka tarIke vikasita ho gaye haiM karmacArI AphIsara rizvata lekara, zikSaka skUla meM na par3hAkara Tyuzana Adi se, khAdya vyApArI khAdya meM milAvaTa, kama taulanA, na. 2 kI kamAI karanA, pulisa Adi kA bhI rizvata lenA sarakArI karmacAriyoM ke to sAre kAma kAgaja para hI ho jAte haiM kahAM taka ginAye jAyeM corI aura corI karane vAloM kI koI kamI nahIM hai| sarvatra bhraSTAcAra, beImAnI, rizvata kA bolabAlA ho gayA hai kAnUna aMdhA hotA jA rahA hai| phira bhI saMskAravAna zikSA aura muniyoM dvArA upadezoM ko sunane se eka bAta to sAmane AtI hai ki jo tuma galata kara rahe ho tumhArI AtmA - mana to jAna hI rahA hai ataH ImAnadArI se dhana kamAo aura jIvana ko sArthaka banAo saca bhI hai anyAyopArjitaM vittaM daza varSANi tiSThati / jAyatekAdaze varSe samUlaM vinazyati // parastrI sevana :- yaha eka aisA vyasana hai jisameM vyakti apanI naitikatA kA hrAsa kara letA hai viSaya vAsanA meM phaMsA vyakti cAhe strI ho yA purUSa vaha

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40 anekAnta/55/3 zarIra, mana, yA AkhoM meM se kisI kI mAdhyama se sevana kare vyasanI to ho hI gayA / itihAsa isa vyasana ke kathAnakoM se bharA par3A hai| rAvaNa sItA kI kahAnI, sUrpanakhA kI kahAnI, rAjA dvArA apanI rAnI ko amarabela dene kI kahAnI, kaise rAnI se vezyA taka vaha bela pahuMca jAtA hai| rAjA yazodhara kI kahAnI jisameM rAnI kubar3e ke prema meM phaMsI hotI hai| Aja bhI Dhero kathAnaka haiM, jo isa vyasana kI vibhISikA ko darzAte haiN| AdhunikatA se paripUrNa jIvana meM hama Ae dina riztoM ke samIkaraNa banate bigar3ate dekhate haiM kapar3oM kI taraha saMbaMdho ko badalA jA rahA hai| kAma kI pIr3A strI-purUSa ke viveka ko hara letI hai vAsanA kI AMdhI kise kahA~ girA de kucha patA nhiiN| ghara ke ghara ujar3a jAte haiM Aja ghara rUpI nIva kamajora par3a rahI hai| parivAra jaisI saMsthA khatare meM hai sabaMdhoM meM vizvAsa kI kamI AtI jA rahI hai kisakA mana kahAM A jAye patA nhiiN| unmukta khulI saMskRti ne isa vyasana ko bar3hAvA hI diyA hai| Aja yuvA pIr3hI zAdI ko baMdhana samajhane lagI, binA zAdI kiye hI sAtha rahanA mahAnagaroM kI saMskRti meM panapa rahA hai rahI sahI kasara TI. vI. iMTaraneTa ne pUrI kara dI / yauna saMbaMdho ke khulApana se hama yuvA pIr3hI ko kitanA bacA pAyeMge yaha savAla hamAre sAmane hai| Aja jisa taraha kA vAtAvaraNa bana rahA hai usameM hamArI dhArmika / naitika zikSAyeM aura hamAre guruoM ke upadeza hI hameM isa sAmAjika pradUSaNa se bacA sakate haiN| isa taraha ye sAtoM vyasana pApoM kA piTArA hai naraka kA kAraNa hai aura azAMti, tanAva ke janaka haiN| ataH AvazyakatA hai svayaM saMskAravAna baneM baccoM meM bhI naitika / dhArmika saMskAra vikasita kareM aura guruoM kI vANI suna jIvana ko sudhArane kA prayAsa kareM tabhI vyasana mukta ho jIvana kalyANa kA mArga prazasta ho sakatA hai| - zikSaka nivAsa zrI ke. ke. jaina kaoNleja, khataulI

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puNya aura pApa kA sambandha __-naMdalAla jaina puNya kA artha 'pavitratA utpanna karane vAlA sAdhana yA sAdhya hai| yaha vyakti ko pavitra kara sakatA hai, vyakti samUha ko bhI pavitra kara sakatA hai| isa zabda meM kucha 'parA-prAkRtikatA' kA bhI samAharaNa hotA hai kyoMki punarjanmavAdiyoM ke liye yaha paraloka sudhAraka bhI hotA hai| vastutaH puNya pApa kA viloma hai| puNya = (1/pApa) c (1/hiMsA) hiMsA aura usase sambandhita vividha rUpoM se pApabaMdha hotA hai| phalataH yadi hiMsA = 0, to puNya = (1/0) = annt| isaliye hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa yA zUnyakaraNa se puNya hotA hai| yadi hiMsA alpIkRta yA zUnya hotI hai, to puNya kA arjana kramazaH vardhamAna hokara ananta bhI ho sakatA hai, jo siddha dazA kA pratIka hai| jainoM ke pAMca pApa hiMsA ke hI vividha rUpa hI to haiM, arthAt hiMsA pApa hama puNya aura pApa ke saMbaMdha ko eka anya rUpa meM bhI vyakta kara sakate haiN| vastutaH puNya pApa kA nakArAtmaka rUpa hai, arthAt puNya = - pApa yA puNya + pApa = 0 siddha avasthA meM, pApa = 0, phalataH puNya = 0 sarvocca vikAsa kI avasthA meM pApa karma to zUnya ho hI jAte haiM, puNya karma bhI sampUrNa karmakSaya ke kAraNa zUnya ho jAte haiN| phalata: yadi pApa = 0. to puNya bhI zUnya ho jaayegaa| yaha siddhoM kI sarvocca sthiti hai| isIliye

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anekAnta/55/3 nizcayavAdI yaha kahate haiM ki uccatara AdhyAtmika sthiti meM puNya bhI heya hai (kyoMki puNya bhI to karma hai)| isa AdhAra para puNya kI ikAiyoM kA mAna pApa kI ikAiyoM ke samakakSa para RNAtmaka hogaa| yadyapi zAstroM meM 'sAvadyalezo, bahupuNyarAziH' kahA gayA hai, para vahAM na to 'leza' zabda kI parimANAtmakatA batAI gaI hai aura na hI 'bahu' zabda kA leza-mAtrA se sambandha batAyA gayA hai| para isa sambandha ko parokSataH bhI anumAnita kiyA jA sake, to hamAre vivaraNa meM kiMcit vaijJAnikatA A sakatI hai| tathApi, puNya kI mAtrA kA parikalana hiMsA kI mAtrA ke parikalana ke samAna sarala nahIM hai kyoMki puNyArjana meM mAnasika vicAra evaM saMkalpa eka anivArya aMga hai| yahAM hama karma-siddhAMta kA upayoga kara kucha parimANAtmakatA lA sakate haiN| isake anusAra, puNya-prakRtiyAM 42 haiM aura pApa prakRtiyAM 82 haiN| sAmAnya gaNita meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki eka puNya prakRti do pApa prakRtiyoM ko udAsIna karane meM samakSa hai| karma siddhAMta kI eka anya dhAraNA ke anusAra, puNya halkA hotA hai aura pApa yA hiMsA bhArI hotI hai| sAtha hI, karma, pApa aura puNya sabhI sUkSma kaNikAmaya haiM arthAt bhautika haiN| inheM Adhunika bhautika kaNoM ke laghutama aura alpatama dIrgha rUpoM meM vyakta karanA to kaThina hI hai, phira bhI jainoM ke anusAra, carama paramANu kA vistAra aura ghanatva alpatama hotA hai| ise hama eka (jaise hAiDrojana) mAna leM, to bhArI kaNa kA bhAra yA vistAra aisA honA cAhiye jisameM nIce kI ora patita hone kI nyUnatama kSamatA ho| yadi vAlTara mUra ke anusAra, carama paramANu kA vistAra, 10 -13 semI. aura dravyamAna 10-24 grA. bhI mAneM, taba bhI usake ghanatva ke mAna ko ikAI hI lenA hogaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki zAstrAnusAra hiMsaka nIce naraka meM jAtA hai aura ahiMsaka Upara svarga yA mokSa taka jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se hama laghutama Thosa paramANu lIthiyama ke samakakSa mAna leM jisakA bhAra hAiDrojana kI tulanA meM sAta (yA sAtagunA bhArI) hotA hai| isa AdhAra para puNya aura pApa kA anupAta

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anekAnta/55/3 1:7 bhI saMbhAvita hai arthAt eka puNya prakRti sAta pApa prakRtiyoM ko udAsIna karane meM sakSama hai| yaha saMketa uparokta karma prakRti para AdhArita niSkarSa ke viparyAsa meM jAtA hai| phalataH puNya aura pApa kA sambandha nimna do rUpoM meM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai : 1 puNya = 2 pApa (karma siddhAMta) 1 puNya = 7 pApa (ghanatva ke AdhAra para) ina sambandhoM kI yathArthatA kA mUlyAMkana karanA kaThina hai, phira bhI, hama ausatana yaha mAna le ki 1 puNya karma = (7+2)/2 pApa karma = 5 pApa karma phalataH yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki eka puNyamaya kArya prAyaH pAMca pApamaya kAryoM ko udAsIna kara sakatA hai| nizcita rUpa se, pAMca kI saMkhyA 'eka' kI saMkhyA kI tulanA meM 'bahu' to mAnI hI jA sakatI hai| yadi isa sambandha meM anya koI zAstrIya AdhAra para dhAraNA upalabdha ho, to jJAnIjana lekhaka ko sUcita kreN| para prazna yaha hai ki puNya kI parimANAtmakatA kA kevala yaha anupAta hI AdhAra hai yA anya bhI kucha ho sakatA hai? sAtha hI, vibhinna puNya kAryoM kI koTi kaise-nirdhArita kI jAve? yaha hiMsA kI parimANAtmakatA ke samAna sarala nahIM hai| hamane hiMsA kI mAtrA ke parikalana meM vibhinna jIvoM kI caitanya koTi kA AdhAra bhI liyA hai| sabhI jIvoM kI AtmA meM samAna-kSamatA hote huye bhI unakI caitanya koTi meM aMtara honA hI caahiye| yadi eka jIva meM eka AtmA kI dhAraNA hI sahI mAnI jAve to do indriya yA paMcendriya jIva ke hiMsana meM barAbara hiMsA mAnanI hogI jo sahI nahIM lgtaa| isaliye hiMsA kA mAna bhI jIvoM kI caitanya koTi para AdhArita mAnanA caahiye| yadi hama vartamAna vijJAna ke anusAra jIva kI kozikIya saMracanA mAne, to indriyoM kI vRddhi ke sAtha sAmAnyataH sthUlatA bhI bar3hatI jAtI hai aura unameM

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44 anekAnta/55/3 kozikAoM kI saMkhyA bhI bar3hatI jAtI hai| kozikAoM kA AkAra, vistAra evaM saMkhyA kA mApana anumita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa dRSTi se manuSyoM ke jIva meM sau kharaba (103) kozikAyeM pAI jAtI haiM aura baikTIriyA eka kozikIya hotA hai| phalataH eka baikTIriyA kI tulanA meM sAmAnya paMcendriya manuSya ke hiMsana meM 103 gunI hiMsA saMbhAvita hai| isa AdhAra para unakA caitanya bhI inakI tulanA meM eka kharaba gunA honA cAhiye / itane adhika hiMsaka kI saMbhAvanA ke kAraNa hI paMcendriyoM ke hiMsana ko uccatara naitika aura dhArmika aparAdha mAnA gayA hai| para yahAM yaha prazna bhI uThatA hai ki eka indriya kozikA ke samUha kI paMcendriyatA kaise sthApita kI jAya jisase usakI caitanya koTi nirdhArita kI jA ske| isa viSaya meM vicAraNA cala rahI hai| puNya ke parikalana meM caitanya kI koTi to paMcendriyoM (pazu, manuSya, deva, nAraka) ke anurUpa hI hogI kyoMki vikalendriyoM meM zAstrAnusAra mana nahIM pAyA jaataa| phalataH unake prakaraNa meM yaha parikalana yathArthatA se nahIM ho paayegaa| ataeva hameM aura bhI sUkSmatama vizleSaNa evaM vicAraNA kI AvazyakatA pdd'egii| phalataH hamArA puNya parikalana paMcendriyoM taka hI sImita hogaa| isa samaya caitanya koTi kA nirdhAraNa cala rahA hai| - jaina seMTara, rIvA, ma.pra. grAhayo'sti dharmaH sahito dayAbhirdevo'pi cASTAdazadoSamuktaH / raustrabhiH saukhyamayaizca yukto vandyo guruH svAtmarasena tRptaH // - bodhAmRtasAra, 5 artha- jo dharma dayA se sahita hai, vahI grahaNa karane yogya hai, jo deva aThAraha doSoM se rahita vahI deva grahaNa (pUjana) karane yogya hai| jo guru- sukhamaya ratnayaya se yukta hai tathA AtmArasa se saMtuSTa hai, vahI guru vandanA ke yogya hai|

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anekAnta zodha patrikA meM prakAzita jaina itihAsa viSayaka pramukha lekha - DaoN. sureza canda jaina 20vIM zatAbdI zramaNa paramparA ke lie mahattvapUrNa zatAbdI rahI hai / svanAma dhanya pUjya gaNezaprasAda jI varNI, bra. zItalaprasAda jI, A. jugalakizora mukhtAra, bAbU choTelAla, paM. gopAladAsa jI baraiyA, evaM paramparA poSaka paNDita varga ke abhyudaya kA jaina sAMskRtika paramparA ke vikAsa meM isa zatAbdI kAlakhaNDa viziSTa yogadAna rahA hai| isa zatAbdI ke prArambha meM zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya kA abhyudaya adyAvadhi vidvat paramparA ke saMpoSaNa evaM abhivarddhana ke lie eka gauravapUrNa upalabdhi hai to dUsarI ora aneka saMsthAoM ne jaina sAMskRtika aitihAsika paramparA ko zodha-khoja ke mAdhyama se nae AyAma die haiN| unameM vIra sevA mandira dillI dvArA aitihAsika mahattva ke Alekha jaina paramparA ke lie aisI dharohara hai, jisake mahattva ko rekhAMkita karanA kaThina nahIM to durUha avazya hai| vIra sevA mandira ke saMsthApaka AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra kI dIrghakAlika parikalpanA ko 'anekAnta' patra ne mUrta rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| tatkAlIna paristhiti kA vAstavika paridRzya upasthita karate hue A. mukhtAra sA. ne apane sampAdakIya meM likhA thA 'kheda hai, jainiyoM ne apane ArAdhya devatA ' anekAnta' ko bilkula bhulA diyA hai aura ve Aja ekAnta ke ananya upAsaka bane hue haiM, usI kA pariNAma hai unakA sarvatomukhI patana, jisane usakI sArI vizeSatAoM para pAnI phera kara unheM saMsAra kI dRSTi meM nagaNya banA diyA hai| astu, jainiyoM ko phira se anekAnta kI prANa pratiSThA karAne aura saMsAra ko anekAnta kI upayogitA batAne ke lie hI yaha patra anekAnta nAma se nikAlA jA rahA hai| '

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anekAnta/55/3 1. anekAnta varSa 1, kiraNa 1, pRSTha 57 ___ 'jaina hitaiSI' ne jisa zodha khoja kA zubhArambha kiyA thA use anekAnta ne nae kSitija pradAna kie| samantabhadrAzrama nAma se prArambha huI saMsthA vIra sevA mandira ke rUpa meM bhI apane lakSya para kAyama rahI aura 'samantAt bhadraH' svarUpa ko sthApita karane me anekAnta ne mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA kA nirvAha kiyA hai| __ anekAnta ke prasiddha itihAsa sambandhI AlekhoM kI saMkhyA 693 hai, jisameM purAtattva, saMskRti, sthApatya, evaM kalA sambadhita lekha garbhita haiN| vigata 72 varSoM kI dIrgha jIvana meM anekAnta ne aneka utAra-car3hAvoM kA sAmanA kiyA hai| samAja ke udAsInabhAva, pratigAmI svabhAva aura sAhitya itihAsa ke prati vyApta ghora upekSA ko bhI sahana karanA par3A hai| anekAnta ne vI.ni. saMvat 2456 (1929) meM samantabhadrAzrama (vIra sevA mandira) A. jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ke dizA-nirdezana meM mAsika ke rUpa meM apanA saphara prArambha kiyaa| taduparAnta Arthika saMkaToM meM ulajha gyaa| sarasAvA meM sthAnAntarita hone ke bAvajUda ATha varSoM taka niSkriya rhaa| bAbU choTelAla kalakattA tathA lAlA tanasukharAya jaina ke Arthika sampoSaNa se 1938 se punaH prakAzita kiyA gyaa| eka varSa bhAratIya jJAnapITha ne bhI saMcAlana kiyaa| julAI 1949 meM phira Arthika saMkaTa ke kAraNa do varSa taka apane saphara ko ise rokanA pdd'aa| 1957 taka calakara puna: 5 varSa ke lie rukanA pdd'aa| 1962 se 1975 taka dvaimAsikI ke rUpa meM prakAzita hotA rhaa| 1975 se isakA saphara rukA nahIM aura traimAsika ke rUpa meM prakAzita hotA A rahA hai| anekAnta meM prakAzita itihAsa viSayaka mahattvapUrNa Alekha kI akArAdi krama se sUcI nimnAMkita hai itihAsa purAtattva saMskRti, sthApatya, kalA agravAloM kA jaina saMskRti meM yogadAna -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 19276. 19/326 agravAloM kA jaina saMskRti meM yogadAna -paM. paramAnaMda zAstrI 20/98, 20/117, 202233 agravAloM kA jaina saMskRti meM yogadAna -paramAnda zAstrI 21/46, 21/91, 21/185 acalapura ke rAjA zrIpAla Ila -nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 19/105 atizaya kSetra-elorA kI guphAe~

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anekAnta/55/3 - bA. kAmatAprasAda jaina 4/9 atizaya kSetra konI - si. hukamacanda sAMdhelIya 16/41 atizaya kSetra khajurAho - paramAnanda zAstrI 13/160 atizaya kSetra candravADa - paramAnanda zAstrI 8/345 atizaya kSetra zrI kuNDalapura -zrI rUpacanda bajAja 9/321 atIta ke pRSThoM se (kavitA) - bhagavatasvarUpa 2/237 -antarikSa pArzvanAtha zrIpura tathA zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotra - nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 18/99 ayodhyA eka prAcIna aitihAsika nagara - paramAnanda zAstrI 17/78 anArya dezoM meM tIrthaMkaroM aura muniyoM kA vihAra - muni zrInathamala 17 /122 arhanmahAnanda tIrtha - paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 4/425 alopa pArzvanAtha prasAda - muni zrI kAnti sAgara 20/41 ahAra kA zAntinAtha saMgrahAlaya - zrI nIraja jaina 18/221 ahAra kSetra ke prAcIna mUrtilekha - paM. govindadAsa jI koThiyA 9/383 ahAra kSetra ke prAcIna mUrti lekha - paM. govindadAsa nyAyatIrtha 10/24/, 10/69, 10/97, 10/143 ahAra lar3avArI - zrI yazapAla jaina bI.e, 4/226 ahiMsA prAcIna se vartamAna taka - zrI jagannAtha upAdhyAya 28/1 agravAla jaina jAti ke itihAsa kI AvazyakatA - zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA 30/4 atizaya kSetra AhAra ke maMdira - DA. kastUracaMdra sumana 44/4 A A. kundakunda pUrvavit aura zruta ke Adya pratiSThApaka haiM - paM. hIrAlAla si.zA. 14/317 Agama aura tripiTakoM ke sandarbha meM ajAtazatru kuNika - muni zrInagarAja 21/25, 21/59 AgamoM ke pAThabheda aura unakA mukhya hetu - muni zrI nathamala 17/118 AcAryakalpa paM. ToDaramala jI 47 - paM. paramAnanda zastrI 9/25 AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI kI bimba yojanA -DA. nemicandra jaina ema. e. pI.eca.DI. 15/196 AcArya vidyAnanda kA samaya aura svAmI vIrasena - bA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema. e. 10/274 AtmAvidyA kSatriyoM kI dena - muni zrI nathamala 20/162 Ananda seTha - paM. hIrAlAla siM. zA. 14/296 Amera ke prAcIna jaina mandira : unake lekha - paM. anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha 16 / 209 AcArya vidyAnanda ke samaya para navIna prakAza - nyA. paM. darabArIlAla 'koThiyA' 10/91 AcArya zrI samantabhadra kA pATaliputra -DA. dazaratha zarmA ema. e. DI. liTa 11/42 Arya aura dravir3a - saMskRti ke sammelana kA upakrama - bA. jayabhagavAna jaina eDavokeTa 12/335 AryoM se pahale kI saMskRti - zrI gulAba candra caudharI ema. e. 10/403 Azrama paTTana hI kezorAya haiM -DA. dazaratha zarmA 19/70 AgarA meM jainoM kA saMbaMdha aura prAcIna jaina mandira - bAbU tArAcaMda rapariyA 24/6

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48 Ahar3a ke jaina kA aprakAzita zilAlekha - zrI rAmaballabha somAr3I 25/3 Adijina ziva evaM zaiva paramparA - zrI munIzacaMdra jozI 1/2 AgamoM ke prati visaMgatiyAM - zrI padmacaMdra zAstrI 48 / 1,2,3,4 AcArya kundakunda kI prAkRta - paM. padmacaMdra zAstrI 33/2 AdipurANa meM loka saMskRti -zrI rAjamala jaina 53/3 o osiyAM kA prAcIna mahAvIra maMdira 27/1 - zrI girozacaMdra tripAThI 10/265 i iTAvA jile kA saMkSipta itihAsa - zrI girozacaMdra tripAThI 10/265 itihAsa - paM. nAthUrAma premI 1/469 itihAsa ka pariprekSya meM pAvAgiri - DA. bhAgacandra bhAgendu 23/1 u uccakula aura uccajAti mahAtmA buddha ke - bI. ela. jaina 3/77 ujjaina ke nikaTa prAcIna di. jaina mUrtiyA~ - bA. choTelAla jaina 12/327 uttara kannaDa kA merA pravAsa - paM. ke. bhujabalI jaina zAstrI 12/76 upaniSadoM para zramaNa saMskRti kA prabhAva - muni zrI nathamala 19/262 usa vizvabandya vibhUti kA dhuMdhalA citraNa - devendra jaina 3/77 uttara pAMcAla kI rAjadhAnI ahicchatra udgAra - zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 24/6 uttara bhArata meM jainadakSiNa cakrezvarI kI mUrtigata avadhAraNA - zrI mArUti nandana tivArI 25/1 anekAnta/55/3 uttarabhArata meM jaina padmAvatI kA pratimA nirUpaNa - zrI mAruti nandana tivArI 27/12 ur3IsA meM jainadharma evaM kalA - zrI mArutisandana tivArI 28 / 1 ujjayinI kI do aprakAzita mahAvIra pratimAyeM - DA. surendrakumAra Arya 29/4 ur3IsA prAcIna guphAoM meM darzita jainadharma evaM bhArata - harendra prasAda sinhA 39/2 utthU (ccha) Naka ke RSabha jinAlaya ke nirmAtA zrI bhUSaNa sAhU -kundanalAla jaina 47/2 upaniSadoM meM digambaratva ke ullekha -DA. jayakumAra jaina 52/1 U Una pAvagiri ke nirmAtA rAjA vallAla - paM. nemicandra dhannUsA jaina 22/27 Urjayantagiri ke prAcIna pUjya sthAna - jugalakizora mu. 14/219 Una ke devAlaya - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 46/2 R RSabhadeva aura mahAdeva -hIrAlAla si. zA. 14/112 RSabhadeva aura zivajI - bA. kAmatAprasAda jaina 12/185 RSabhadeva : sindhu sabhyatA ke ArAdhya - zrI jJAnasvarUpa guptA 33/1 e eka aitihAsika antaH sAmpradAyika nirNaya -lAlA jyotiprasAda jaina 8/169 eka khojapUrNa vicAraNA - zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 16/76 eka jaina samrAT candragupta - paM. Izvara lAla jaina 4/100 eka pratIkAMkita dvAra - paM. gopIlAla amara ema. e. 22/60

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anekAnta/55/3 40 eka prAcIna tAmra-zAsana -sampAdaka 8/285 ericapura ke rAjA Ila aura rAjA arikezarI -paM. nemacandra dhannUsA jaina 197216 elicapara ke rAjA zrIpAla urpha Ila -paM. nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 20/352 aitihAsika adhyayana -thA. mAIdayAla jaina 2/599 aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kA eka saMgraha -sampAdaka 8/369 aitihAsika bhArata kI Adya mUrtiyA~ - zrI bAlacanda jaina ema.e. 10/114 aitihAsika sAmagrI para vizeSa prakAza -agaracandra nAhaTA 6/65 ailaka-pada kalpanA (11vIM pratimA kA itihAsa) - zrI jugalakizora mukhtAra 10/387 aihola kA zilAlekha -paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI 15/87 aitihAsika jainadharma -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 27/3 kucha naI cIjeM -paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI, 12/28 kUrcakoM kA sampradAya -paM. nAthUrAma premI 7/7 kezI gautama samvAda -paM. bAla candra si.zA. 20/288 koppala ke zilAlekha -paM. balabhadra jaina 14/20 kolhApura ke pArzvanAtha mandira kA zilAlekha - paramAnanda jaina 13/240 kauna-sA kuNDalagiri siddha kSetra hai - nyA. paM. darabArI lAlajI 8/115, 8/168 kSapaNAsAra ke kartA mAdhavacanda -zrI paM. milApacaMdra kaTAriyA 18/67 kyA kundakunda hI mUlAcAra ke kartA haiM? -paramAnanda jaina zA. 2/221 kyA kundakundAcArya bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI ke ziSya nahI haiM? -paM. hIrAlAla si.zA. 14/298 kyA graMthasUciyoM Adi para se jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa nirmANa sambhava hai? -paramAnanda zAstrI 13/287 kyA bhaTTAraka vardhamAna jaina dharma ke pravartaka the? -paramAnanda zAstrI 14/224 kyA mathurA jaMbUsvAmI kA nirvANa sthAna hai? -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 8/85 kuvalayamAlA ullikhita rAjA avanti -pro. premacanda sumana jaina 23/5/6 kaliMga kA itihAsa aura samrAT khAravela eka adhyayana -zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 24/2 kalacuri kAlIna eka navIna bhavyazilA -zrI kastUracandra sumana 24/3 kalacuri kalA meM zAsana deviyA~ -zivakumAra nAmadeva zodhachAtra 25/2 kAlakoTa ke durga se prApta eka jaina pratimA -zrI yazavanta kumAra galaiyA 25/2 kalacuri kAla meM jainagrantha -zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 25/3 kumhAriyA ke sambhavanAtha mandira kI jaina deviyAM -zrI mAruti nandana tivArI 25/3 ka kavivara banArasIdAsa kI sAMskRtika dena -DA. ravIndrakumAra jaina 15/263 kavi lakSmaNa racita NemiNAha cariu kA goNaMda nagara aura usameM racita vyAkaraNagrantha -DA. dazaratha zarmA 16/228 kAvar3a : eka calatA-phiratA mandira -mahendra bhAnAvata 17/7 kArI talAI kI jaina mUrtiyA~ -paM. gopIlAla amara ema. e. 20/242 kAraMjA ke bhaTTAraka lakSmIsena -DA. vidyAdhara joharapurakara 18/223 kAlaka kumAra -zrI harajIvanalAla suzIla 1/489 kAlikAcArya kumAra -zrI muni vidyAvijaya 1/510 kASThasaMgha kI mAthurAnvayI paramparA ke naye ullekha -devendra kumAra ema.e. 16/111 kASThAsaMgha lATa mAthurasaMgha -gurvAvalI -paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 15/79

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50 kauzAmbI - paM. balabhadra jaina 26/2 kyA cANakya jaina thA ? - muni zrI mahendra kumAra 26/3 kalacuri kAla meM jainadharma kI sthiti - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 26/3 kalakatte kA kArtika mahotsava - zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 26/4/5 kArItalAI kI advitIya bhagavAna RSabhanAtha kI pratimAyeM - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 26/4/5 kuNDalapura kI atizayatA: eka vizleSaNa - zrI rAjadhara jaina 2713 karnATaka meM jaina zilpa kalA kA vikAsa - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 29/4 kyA zreNika ne AtmahatyA kI ? - zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA 32/4 kendrIya saMgrahAyalaya gUjarI mahala kI pratimAyeM - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 43/4 karnATaka meM jainadharma - zrI rAjamala jaina 45/1 kerala meM jaina sthApatya aura kalA - zrI rAjamala jaina 46/2 kirAta jAti aura usakI aitihAsikatA -DA. ramezacandra jaina 47/3 kendrIya saMgrahAlaya - gUjarI mahala gvAliyara ke saMrakSita jaina yakSa-yakSI pratimAyeM - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 49/1 kAzI kI zramaNa paramparA aura tIrthakara pArzvanAtha -DA. sureza canda jaina 51/2.3 kha khaNDagiri udayagiri paricaya - bAbU choTelAla jaina 11 /81 khujarAho kA AdinAtha jinAlaya - zrI nIraja jaina 17/375 khujarAho kA ghaNTai mandira - gopIlAla amara 19/229 khujarAho kA jaina saMgrahAlaya - zrI nIraja jaina 18/18 anekAnta / 55/3 khujarAho kA pArzvanAtha jinAlaya - nIraja jaina 16/150 khaNDAra ke sena paramparA ke lekha - rAma ballabha somAjI 24/2 khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha mandira kI rakSikAoM me jaina deviyAM - zrI mArUti nandana tivArI 24/4 khajurAho ke AdinAtha mandira ke praveza dvAra kI mUrtiyA~ - zrI mAruti nandana tivArI 24/5 khajurAho ke jaina mandiroM Dora liMTalsa para utkIrNa jaina deviyAM - zrI mAruti nandana tivArI 24/6 khajurAho ke pArzvanAtha jaina mandira kA zilpa vaibhava - zrI mAruti nandana tivArI 29/1 ga gajapantha kSetra kA ati prAcIna ullekha - paM. darabArIlAla 7/148 gajapantha kSetra ke purAne ullekha - paM. nAthUrAma premI 7/64 gAMdhIjI kA puNyastambha -DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 9/91 girinagara kI caMdraguphA -pro. hIrAlAla jaina 5/65 guNacaMda muni kauna haiM? - paM. darabArI lAla 10/259 gurvAvalI nandita gaccha - paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 15/235 gopAcala durga ke eka mUrti lekha kA adhyayana -DA. rAjArAma jaina 22/25 gommaTa - pro. e. ena. upAdhyAya 4 / 229, 4/293 gommaTezvara kA darzana aura zra. ke saMsmaraNa - paM. sumeracaMda divAkara bI. e. ela. ela. bI. 5/241 gommaTasAra kI jI. pra. TIkA usakA kartRtva aura samaya -pro e. ena. upAdhyAya 4/113 gautamasvAmI racita sUtra kI prAcInatA

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anekAnta/55/3 -zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 44/2 -jhUllaka siddhasAgara 11/184 gaMja-bAsaudA ke jaina mUrti va yaMtra lekha -kundanalAla jaina ema.e. 18/261 gaMdhAvala aura jaina mUrtiyAM -esa.pI.guptA aura bI.ena. zarmA 19/129 gvAliyara kile kA itihAsa aura jaina purAtatva -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 10-101 gyAliyara ke kile kI jaina mUrtiyA~ -zrI kRSNananda 4/434 gvAliyara ke kucha kASThA saMghI bhaTTAraka -paramAnanda zAstrI 22/64 gvAliyara ke tomara vaMza kA nayA ullekha -pro. vidyAsAgara joharApurakara gvAliyara ke tomara : rAjavaMza ke samaya jaina dha rma -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 2012 gvAliyara ke purAtatva saMgrahAlaya kI jaina mUrtiyA~ -zrI nIraja jaina 16/214 gvAliyara meM jaina zAsana-prabhulAla premI 6/17 grantha evaM granthakAroM kI bhUmi rAjasthAna -DA. kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla 15/77 golApUrva jAti para vicAra -zrI yazavanta kumAra malaiyA 25/2 guptakAlIna tAmra zAsana - zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 25/2 giranAra kI aitihAsikatA -zrI kundanalAla jaina 2914 gunA meM saMrakSita devoM kI jaina pratimAyeM -zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 37/1 grAma pagArA kI jaina pratimAyeM -nareza kumAra pAThaka 43/2, 37/1 gajendra gautama kA 2500vAM nirvANa kArya -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 39/3 giranAra kI candraguphA -DA. lakSmIcandra jaina 42/1 gollArASTra va gollApura ke zrAvaka -zrI yazavanta kumAra malaiyA 44/1 gUjarI mahala meM saMrakSita zAntinAtha pratimAyeM cakravartI khAravela aura himavanta therAvalI -kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla 1/352 candela yuga kA eka navIna pratimA lekha -jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. 13/98 candragupta maurya aura vizAkhAcArya -paramAnanda 13/276 caMpAnagara -zyAmalakizora jhA 9/481 caMpAvatI nagarI -nemacaMda dhannUsA jaina 191334 cANakya aura unakA dharma -muni zrI nyAyavijaya 2/105 cAmuNDarAya aura unake samakAlIna AcArya -paM. nAthUrAma premI 5/262 cittaur3a kA kIrtistaMbha -paM. nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 21/83 cittaur3a kA di.jaina kIrtistambha -paramAnanda zAstrI 21/179 cittaur3a ke jainakIrtimnambha kA nirmANakAla -zrI nIraja jaina 21/179 cittaur3a ke jainakIrtistaMbha kA nirmANakAla evaM nirmAtA -zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 8/139 citramaya jainInIti -sampAdaka 4/2 cittaur3a kA jaina kIrtistaMbha -zrI nemacaMdra dhannUsAba jaina 23/1 caMdrAvatI kA jaina purAtatva -zrI mAruti naMdana tivArI 25/4/5 caMderI siroMja (paravAra)paTa -paM. phUlacaMda siddhAMta zAstrI 26/1 caMpApurI kA itihAsa aura jaina purAtattva -zrI digambara dAsa jaina eDavokeTa 27/3 caMdrAvatI kI jaina pratimAeM -zrI vinoda rAya 31/3/4 caMdela kAlIna madanasAgarapura ke zrAvaka

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anekAnta/55/3 -pro. yazavaMta kumAra malaiyA 46/3 cANakya aura jaina paraMparA -DA. zrI gokulaprasAda jaina 49/3/4 car3oma kA aitihAsika jinAlaya dAna-pAtra -zrI kuMdanalAla jaina 48/2/3 jagatarAya kI bhakti-gaMgArAma garga ema.e. 17/133 jayasena pratiSThApATha kI pratiSThA vidhi kA azuddha pracAra -zrI paM. milApacaMda kaTAriyA 15/34 jAtibheda para amitagati -AcArya jugalakizora mukhtAra 1/115 jaina anuzruti kA aitihAsika mahatva -bA. jyotiprasAda 7/176 jaina AgamoM ke kucha vicAraNIya zabda -muni zrI nathamala 20/40 jaina aura vaidika anuzrutiyoM meM RSabha tathA bharata kI bhavAvali -DA. narendra vidyArthI 19/309 jainakalA aura usakA mahatva -bA. jayabhagavAna 4/3 jainakalA ke pratIka aura pratIkavAda -DA. e.ke.bhaTTAcArya, DipTI kIpara rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya dillI, anu. jayabhagavAna eDavokeTa 14/189 jaina kIrtistambha cittaur3a ke aprakAzita zilAlekha -zrI rAmavallabha somAnI jayapura 22/36 jaina guhA mandira - zrI bAlacandra jaina ema.e. 10/129 jaina graMtha saMgrahAlayoM kA mahattva -DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 10/196 jaina graMthoM meM rASTrakUToM kA itihAsa -rAmavallabha somANI 21/114 jaina jAtiyoM ke prAcIna itihAsa kI samasyA - zrI agaracandra nAhaTA 5/321 jaina dRSTi se prAcIna sindha -muni zrIvidyAvijaya 2/507 jainadharma aura jAtivAda -zrI kamaleza saksenA ema.e. meraTha 18/93 jainadharma kI dena -A. kSitimohana sena 4/551 jainadharma meM sampradAyoM kA AvirbhAva -paM. kailAzacanda zAstrI 1/329 jainadharma meM mUrti pUjA -DA. vidyAdhara joharApurakara 17/155 jaina dhAtu mUrtiyoM kI prAcInatA -zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 10/271 jaina paramparA kA AdikAla -DA. indracandra zAstrI ema.e. 14/196 jaina parivAroM ke vaiSNava banane saMbaMdhI vRttAnta -zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA 15/252 jaina purAtatva meM gaMgA-yamunA - zrI nIraja jaina 16-40 jaina purAtana avazeSa (vihaMgAvalokana) -muni kAMtisAgara 9/225, 9/261 jainapratimA lakSaNa-bAlacandra jaina ema.e. 19/204 jainamUrtikalA kA prArambhika svarUpa -rameza zarmA 19/142 jaina sarasvatI -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina 8/61 jaisalamera ke bhaNDAra kI chAnabIna -sampAdaka 10/425 jaina sAdhuoM kI pratimAe~ - zrI bAlacanda jaina ema.e. 16/236 jaina sAhitya meM mathurA -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 15/65 jaina saMskRti ke prANa jainaparva -paM. balabhadra jaina 7/15 jaina sthApatya kI kucha advitIya vizeSatAe~ -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. 8/343 jainAdarza (jaina guNa darpaNa saMskRta-'yugavIra' 8/354 jainiyoM kI dRSTi meM vihAra -paM. ke bhujabalI zA. 3/521 jainiyoM para ghora atyAcAra -pro. hemulTa glAjenava 880

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anekAnta/55/3 jodhapura ke itihAsa kA eka Avarita pRSTha jainadharma -udabhava evaM vikAsa -agaracanda nAhaTA 11/248 -DA. ravIndra jaina 32/1/2 jaunapura meM likhita bhagavatIsUtra prazasti jaina saMskRti meM 10vIM-12vIM sadI kI nArI -zrI agaracanda bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 18/238 -DA. zrImatI ramA jaina 34/1 jJAtavaMza -zrI paM. becaradAsa jI dozI 15/286 jainadharma kA prAcInatama jJAtavaMza kA rUpAMtara jATavaMza -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 36/1 -muni kavIndrasAgara 3/267 jaina nyAya ke sarvopari prastotA zrI bhaTTAkalaMka jaina kIrtistaMbha kA nirmAtA zAha jIjA deva -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 36/2 -zrI rAmaballabha somANI 23/4 jainadharma kI prAcInatA evaM aitihAsikatA jayapura ke pramukha di.jaina maMdira -DA. devendrakumAra zAstrI 36/4 -DA. kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla 23/4 jaina kalA aura sthApatya meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha jaina zilpa meM bAhubalI - zrI narendra kumAra sorayA 3/3 -zrI mAruti naMdana tivArI 24/1 jaina paraMparA meM rAma evaM rAmakathA kA mahattva jaina zilpa meM sarasvatI kI mUrtiyAM -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 40/1 -zrI mArUtinaMdana tivArI 24/3 jaina yakSa-yakSI pratimAe~ jaina yakSa-yakSaNiyAM aura unake lakSaNa -zrI rameza kumAra pAThaka 44/4 -zrI gopIlAla amara 24/4 jaina dharma evaM saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa tathA vikAsa jaina kalA meM pratIka tathA pratIkavAda meM tatkAlIna rAjagharAnoM kA yogadAna -zrI e.ke.bhaTrAcArya 24/5 -DA. kamaleza kumAra jaina 45/1 jaina dRSTi meM acalapura jaina evaM bauddha sAhitya meM zramaNa paraMparA -zrI caMdrazekhara gupta 25/3 -DA. ramezacaMdra jaina 45/4 jaina saMskRti pratIka mauryakAlIna abhilekha jogImArA ke bhitti ciu -DA. puThapamija 25/4/5, 28/1 -DA. abhayaprakAza jaina 50/2 jaina tIrtha zrAvastI -paM. balabhadra jaina 26/3 jaina aura botraddha mUrtiyAM - zrI rAjamala 47/3 jaina saMskRti - zrI premacaMda jaina 27/1 jaina zaurasenI kiM vA zaurasenI jaina mata meM mUrti pUjA kI prAcInatA evaM vikAsa ___ -jasTisa ema.ela. jaina 48/2/3 - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 27/1 jaina paraMparA meM parazurAma jaina kalA evaM kalacuri nareza - zrI rAjamala jaina 48/4 -zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 27/2 jaino ke saiddhAttika avadhAraNAoM meM krama jaina saMskRti kI samRddha paraMparA 29/1 parivartana-2 jaina sAhitya aura zilpa meM vAgdevI sarasvatI -zrI naMdalAla jaina 53/1 -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 29/4 jainadharma kI prAcInatA -DA. jayakumAra jaina 54/2 jaina dhvajaH svarUpa evaM paramparA jaina saMskRti saMpanna bhavya prAcIna kendra phatehapara - zrI padmacaMdra zAstrI 30/3/4 sIkarI -zrI surezacaMda bAroliyA 54/3/4 jaina devakula meM yakSI cakrezvarI -DA. mAruti naMdana tivArI 31/3/4

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anekAnta/55/3 daNDanAyaka gaMgarAja jhAlarApATAna kA eka prAcIna vaibhava - zrI paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI 15/225 -DA. kailAzacaMda jaina ema.e, pI.eca.DI. 15/279 dassA bIsA bheda kA prAcInatva jhArar3A kI aprakAzita jaina pratimAyeM 31/1 -agaracaMda nAhaTA 4/336 dillI aura usake pAMca nAma -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 13/19 TUDe grAma kA ajJAta jaina purAtatva dillI aura dillI kI rAjAvalI -pro. bhAgacanda 'bhAgendu' 21/69 -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 8/71 dillI aura yoginIpura nAmoM kI prAcInatA talaghara meM prApta 160 pratimAe~ -agaracaMda nAhaTA 13/72 -zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 1981 dillI paTTa ke mUlasaMghI bhaTTArakoM kA prabhAva tirUpaTi kunaram (jinakAJcI) -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 17/54, 17/159 -zrI TI.ena. rAmacandrana 15/101 dillI zAsakoM ke samaya kA nayA prakAza tIna vilakSaNa jinabimba -hIrAlAla si.zA. 19/256 - zrI nIraja jaina 15-121 dIvAna amaracanda -paramAnanda jaina 13/198 tIrthaMkara supArzvanAtha ko prastara pratimA dIvAna rAmacanda chAvar3A -vrajendranAtha zarmA ema.e. 18/157 -paramAnanda zAstrI 13/256 taulabadezIya prAcIna jaina mandira devagar3ha -zrI nAthUrAma siMghaI 1/98 -paM. lokanAtha zAstrI 1/104, 122 devagar3ha kA aitihAsika anuzAsana tijArA kA aitihAsika paricaya -pro. bhAgacanda jaina ema.e. 20/62 -zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 23/2 devagar3ha kI jaina pratimAe~ - pro.kRSNadatta tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsanadeva aura deviyAM bAjapeyI,sAgara vi.vidyAlaya 15/27 -paM. balabhadra zAstrI 28/1 devatAoM kA gar3ha, devagar3ha teisaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI pratimAeM - zrI nIraja jI satanA 17/167 - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 38/1 dehalI ke jaina mandira aura jaina saMsthAeM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI kevala bhUmi ahicchatrA -bA. pannAlAla jaina agravAla 8/217 -DA. jyotipasAda jaina 39/4 dehalI dharmapure kA di. jaina mandira tIrthakara zItalanAtha -zrI gulAbacaMdra jaina 46/3 -bA. pannAlAla jaina agravAla 8/132 do tADapatrIya pratiyoM kI aitihAsika prazastiyA - zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 18/85 dakSiNa ke tIrthasthAna droNagiri -DA. vidyAdhara joharApara 17/123 -pa. nAthUrAma premI 2/341, 2/381 devagaDha kI jaina kalA kA sAMskatika adhyayana dakSiNa bhArata ke rAjavaMzoM meM jainadharma kA prabhAva -- zrI gopIlAla amara 23/2 -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. 8/356 dillI paTa ke mUla saMghIya bhaTAraka prabhAcaMdra dakSiNa bhArata meM rAjyAzraya aura usakA abhyudaya / ___ -zrI paramAnaMda zAstrI 23/3 -DA.TI.ena. rAmacandana ema.e. 11/378

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anekAnta/55/3 ss dakSiNa bhArata se prApta mahAvIra pratimAeM - zrI mAruti naMdana tivArI 23/5/6 droNAgiri siddhakSetra -paM. balabhadra nyAyatIrtha 26/1 dakSiNa kI jaina paramparA 34/1 digambara jaina graMtha prazastiyoM kA mahAkhAna bhojakhAna -zrI akhtara husaina nijAmI 31/1 devAnAma priya priyadarzI azokarAja kauna thA? -DA. satyapAla gupta 29/1 devagar3ha purAtattva kI saMbhAla meM aucitya - zrI kudanalAla jaina 44/3 digambara Agamatulya graMthoM kI bhAva --DA. naMdalAla jaina 49/1 digambaratva ke viSaya meM nAthUrAma premI kA lekha -DA. ramezacaMdra jaina 52/4 digambara jaina ArSa paraMparA -DA. ramezacaMda jaina 53/4 naMdisaMgha balAtkAragaNa kI zAkhA-prazAkhAe~ -paM. pannAlAla sonI 14/343 nayA mandira dharmapurA ke jaina mUrtilekha -saMka. paramAnanda zAstrI 15/100, 15/237 nayA mandira ke jaina mUrtilekha - paramAnanda zAstrI 16/50,16/98,16/194,16/242 nayA mandira dharmapurA dillI ke jaina mUrti lekha -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 17/2 navAgar3ha (eka mahattvapUrNa madhyakAlIna jainatIrtha) - zrI nIraja jaina 15/337 nAga sabhyatA kI bhArata ko dena -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina 6/246, 6/298 nirvANakANDa ke pUrvAdhAra tathA usake rUpAntara -DA vidyAdhara joharApurakara 22/7 nisIhiyA nasiyA~ -hIrAlAla si.zA. 13/43 nRpatuMga kA mata vicAra - ema.goviMda pai 3/578, 3/645 nalapura kA jaina zilAlekha -pa. ratanalAla kaTAriyA 23/3, 23/4 nareNA kA itihAsa -DA kailAzacaMdra jaina 24/5 naravara kI zreSTha kalAkRti sahasrakUTa jinabimba' -zrI prisiMpala kundanalAla jaina 27/3 nAgaura tathA usameM sthita bhaTTArakIya digambara jaina grantha bhaNDAra kI sthApanA evaM vikAsa kA saMkSipta itihAsa 36/2 nAgadeva jaina mandira nalapurA -DA. nareza kumAra pAThaka 4523 dhavalA prazasti ke rASTrakUTa nareza -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. 8/97 dharkaTa vaMza -agaracanda nAhaTA 4/610 dharmacakra sambandhI jaina paramparA -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 19/139 dhArA aura dhArA ke jaina vidvAn -paramAnanda zAstrI 13/281 dhArA aura dhArA ke jaina vidvAn -paramAnanda zAstrI 14/98 dhuvelA saMgrahAlaya ke jaina mUrtilekha -bAlacanda jaina ema.e. 19/244 dharmacakra - zrI gopIlAla amara 30/3/4 patiyAnadAI: eka guptakAlIna jaina maMdira -gopIlAla amara 19/340 patiyAmadAI (eka bhUlA-visarA jaina mandira) -zrI nIraja jaina 15/177 patiyAnadAI mandira kI mUrtiyAM aura caubIsa jina zAsana mUrtiyAM - zrI nIraja jaina 16/100 paravAra jAti ke itihAsa para kucha prakAza nagara kheTa-maTamba aura pattana Adi kI paribhASA -DA. dazaratha zarmA 15/119 naMdi saMgha balAtkAragaNa paTTavalI -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 17/35

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56 anekAnta/55/3 -paM. nAthUrAma premI 3/441 parAkramI jaina -goyalIya 9/145 parigraha-parimANa-vrata ke dAsIdAsa gulAma the -paM. nAthUrAma premI 3/529 pallUgrAma kI pratimA va anya jaina sarasvatI / pratimAe~ - zrI dhIrendra jaina 17/57 purAtana jaina zilpakalA kA saMkSipta paricaya - zrI bAlacandra jaina ema.e. 10/319 purAnI bAtoM kI khoja -paM. jugalakizora 1/130,1/195,1/269,1/324 posaharAsa aura bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa -paramAnanda jaina 13/119 paMjAba meM upalabdha kucha jaina lekha -DA. banArasIdAsa 5/71 pratimAlekha saMgraha aura usakA mahattva -muni kAMtisAgara 4/427,4/501 pratihAra sAmrAjya meM jainadharma -DA. dazaratha zarmA ema.e.DI.liT 18/17 prabhAcandra kA samaya -paM. mahendrakumAra nyA. 4/124 prabhAcandra ke samaya kI sAmragI -mahendrakumAra jaina ema.e. 2/61, 2/215 prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM kI pAzcAtya zAkhA kA siMhAvalokana -DA. satyaraMjana banarjI 19/175 prAgvATa jAti kA nikAsa -agaracanda nAhaTA 4/389 prAcIna jaina mandiroM ke dhvaMsa se nirmita masjide -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina 8/279 prAcIna jaina sAhitya aura kalA kA prAthamika paricaya -ena.sI. bAkalIvAla 12/85 prAcIna paTa abhilekha -zrI gopIlAla amara ema.e. 15/231 prAcIna mathurA ke jainoM kI saMgha vyavasthA -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 17/217 pAvA kahAM gaMgA ke dakSiNa meM yA uttara meM -muni mahendra kumAra jI 'prathama' 23/3 prayAga -zrI paM. balabhadra jI jaina 24/2 pAvApura -zrI paM. balabhadra jI jaina 24/4 pArasanAtha kilA ke jaina avazeSa - zrI kRSNadatta vAjapeyI 24/5 podanapura -paM. balabhadra zAstrI 25/2 panAgara ke bhagnAvazeSa - zrIkastUracandra jaina 25/3 prAcIna aitihAsika nagarI jUnA (bAhar3amera) -zrI bhUracanda jaina 27/3 pUrva madhyakAlIna bhArata meM dharma kA patana -pradIpa zrIvAstava 38/2 purAtattvIya srota tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra -pro. kRSNadatta vAjapeyI 30/1 pacarAI aura gUDara ke mahattvapUrNa kAla -ku. uSA jaina 33/2 pAraNa ke zvetAmbara jJAna bhaNDAroM meM digambara granthoM kI prAcInata tADapatrIya pratiyAM -zrI agaracandra nAhaTA 34/1 pannA meM saMrakSita jaina pratimAyeM 40/4 -paM. nAthUrAma premI kA sAhityika avadAna zrI munnAlAla jaina 43/1 prAcIna bhArata kI prasiddha nagarI ahicchatra -DA. ramezacandra jaina 46/1/2 paramparita mUla Agama rakSA vizeSAMka 46/4 pAlaghATa jile meM jainadharma - zrI rAjamala jaina 49/2 prAkRta bhASA - paM. padmacaMda zAstrI 50/2 pArzvanAtha ke jIvana se sambandhita katipaya tathya aura sampradAya bheda DaoN. jayakumAra jaina50/1 prAcIna jaina zrAvaka -DA. jhinakU yAdava 26/3 pha phatehapura (zekhAvaTI) ke jaina mUrtilekha -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 11/403 bajaraMgagar3ha kA vizada jinAlaya - zrI nIraja jaina 18/65

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anekAnta/55/3 57 bAnapura kA caturmukha sahasrakUTa jinAlaya - zrI nIraja jaina 16/51 baMkApura -paM. ke do digambara jaina mandira paramAnanda 13/112 baMkApura -paM. ke bhujabalI zAstrI 13/343 bAdAmI cAlukya nareza aura jainadharma -durgAprasAda dIkSita ema.e. 20/126 bAdAmI cAlukya abhilekhoM meM varNita jaina sampradAya tathA AcArya -pro. durgAprasAda ema.e. 20/247 bundelakhaMDa kA prAcIna vaibhava, devagar3ha - zrI kRSNAnanda gupta 4/514 bUMDhI canderI aura hamArA kartavya -dIpacandra varNI 1/318 bodha prAbhUta ke sandarbha meM AcArya kandakunda -sAdhvI zrI maMjulA 18/128 bauddha sAhitya meM jainadharma -pro. DaoN. bhAgacanda jaina ema.e. pI.eca.DI. 19/292 bauddhAcArya buddhaghoSa aura mahAvIra kAlIna jaina -bA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. 8/106 baMgAla ke kucha prAcIna jaina sthala -bA. jyotiprasAda ema.e. 8/261 brahma jinadAsa: eka adhyayana - zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 24/5 baDA mandira panAgara kI prAcIna jaina zilpakalA - zrI kastUra caMda sumana 25/1 bahorIbaMda pratimA lekha -DA, kastUracaMda sumana 26/1 baMgAla ke jaina purAtattva kI zodha meM pAMca dina -zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 26/3 bihAra meM jaina dharma : atIta evaM vartamAna -pro. rAjArAma jaina 36/3 -paM. hIrAlAla si.zA. 13/67 bhagavAna kazyapa : RSabhadeva -zrI bAbU jayabhagavAna eDavokeTa pAnIpata 15/176 bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA kilA -paM. kailAzacanda zAstrI 11/276 bhagavAn mahAvIra -paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 8/117 bhagavAn mahAvIra -paramAnanda zAstrI 13/231 bhagavAn mahAvIra - zrI vijayapAla jaina 5/343 bhagavAn mahAvIra -sumeracanda divAkara 7/190 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA jIvana darzana -DA.e.ena. upAdhye, anu. kundanalAla ema.e. 15/104 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA mizana -vAr3IlAla motIlAla zAha 2/123 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA loka kalyANakArI saMdeza -DA. hIrAlAla ema.e. 13/259 bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakA samaya 1/2 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA sandeza - zrI kastUra sAba jI jaina bI.e.bI.TI. 8/17,8/237 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura nAgavaMza -muni zrI nathamala jI 16/161 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura buddha samasAmayikatA -muni zrI nagarAja 16/11,16/54,16/113,16/195 bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana caritra -jyotiprasAda jaina 2/647 bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana caritra (mahattvapUrNa patra) -paM. banArasIdAsa caturvedI 15/28 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana praMsaga -muni zrI mahendrakumAra prathama 17/17 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke viSaya meM bauddha manovRtti -paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI 6/284 bhagavAn buddha aura mAMsAhAra -hIrAlAla si.zA. 14/238 bhaTTArakIya manovRtti kA eka namUnA -sampAdaka 8/287 bhagavAna RSabhadeva -paramAnanda zAstrI 22/78 bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke amara smAraka

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58 bhaTTAraka vijayakIrti - DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 17/30 bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha - phatehacanda velAnI 7/193 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa samvat kI samAlocanA - paM. e. zAMtirAja zAstrI 4/559 vijayacandra ke samaya para vicAra - paramAnanda zAstrI 20/30 bhArata ke ajAyAbagharoM aura kalA bhavanoM kI sUcI - bA. pannAlAla agravAla 12/98 bhArata ke ahiMsaka mahAtmA santa zrI pUjya gaNezaprasAda jI varNI kI varSa gAMTha - paramAnanda jaina 11/234 bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti - bA. jayabhagavAna eDavokeTa 11/185 bhAratIya itihAsa kA jaina yuga - 7/77,7/121 bhAratIya itihAsa meM ahiMsA 1- devendrakumAra 9/375 bhAratIya itihAsa meM mahAvIra kA sthAna - bA. jayabhagavAna 7/267 bhAratIya vAstu zAstra meM jaina pratimA sambandhI jJAtavya - agaracanda nAhaTA 20/207 bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina saMskRti kA sthAna - bA. jaya bhagavAna vakIla 4/575 bhAratIya saMskRti meM buddha aura mahAvIra - muni zrI nathamala 17/195 bhelasA kA prAcIna itihAsa - rAjamala maDavaiyA 12/277 bhArata kalA bhavana kA jaina purAtattva - zrI mArUti naMdana tivArI 24/1 bhadrabAhu zrata kevalI - zrI paramAnaMda zAstrI 24/5 bhAratIya paraMparA meM arihaMta kI prAcInatA -muni jI vidyAnaMda 26/2 bhAratIya purAtattva tathA kalA meM bhagavAn mahAvIra - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 27/3 anekAnta / 55/3 bhAratIya saMskRti meM arihaMta kI pratiSThA -DA. harIndrabhUSaNa jena 28/1 bhAratIya saMskRti ko jaina kalA kA yogadAna 28/1 bhAgavat meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva 33/1 bhAgalapura kI prAcIna jaina pratimAe~ -DA. ajayakumAra sinhA 36/2 bhaTTAraka paTTAvalI -DA. pI. sI. jaina 36/3 bhagavAn mahAvIra janma sthAna viSayaka vivAda -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 38/2 ma mathurA ke seTha lakSmI canda sambandhI vizeSa jAnakArI - agaracanda nAhaTA 21/210 madrAsa aura maliyApura kA jaina purAtattva - choTelAla jaina 3/35 magadha aura jaina saMskRti -DA. gulAbacanda ema. e. 17/212 mathurA saMgrahAlaya kI tIrthakara mUrti - pro. kRSNadatta vAjapeyI 10 /261 magadha samrAT rAjA vimbasAra kA jainadharma parigrahaNa - paramAnanda zAstrI 22/81 mathurA ke jaina stUpAdi yAtrA ke mahatvapUrNa ullekha - agaracanda nAhaTA 12 / 288 mathurA saMgrahAlaya kI mahattvapUrNa jaina purAtattva sAmagrI - bAlacanda ema. e. 9/345 madhyapradeza aura barAra kA jaina purAtattva - kAMtisAgara 5/160 madhyapradeza kA jaina purAtattva - paramAnanda zAstrI 19/54 manuSya jAti ke mahAna uddhAraka - bI. ela. sarrApha 3/325 mandasora meM jainadharma - gopIlAla amara ema. e. 20/46 mandiroM kA nagara mar3haI -zrI nIraja jaina satanA 17/117 maharSi bAlmIki aura zramaNasaMskRti

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anekAnta/55/3 50 -muni vidyAnanda 17/43 mahattvapUrNa do lekha -nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 18/144 mahAkozala kA jaina purAtattva -bAlacanda jaina ema.e. 17/31 mahAmuni sukamAla -lA. jinezvaradAsa 9/158 mahAvIra upadezAvatAra -paM. ajitakumAra zAstrI 8/41 mahAvIra aura buddha ke pAripAzvika bhikSu-bhikSuNiyA~ -muni zrI nagarAja 20/75 mahAvIra aura buddha kI samasAmayikatA viSayaka kucha yuktiyoM para vicAra -DA. dazaratha zarmA 16/252 mahAvIra ke vivAha ke sambandha meM zve. kI do mAnyatAe~ -paramAnanda zAstrI 14/109 mahArAja khAravela -bAbU choTelAla kalakattA 1/264 mahArAja khAravela eka mahAna nirmAtA -bA. choTelAla jaina 11/157 mahArAjA khAravela siri ke zilAlekha kI 14vI paMkti -muni zrI puNyavijaya 1/142 mahArAnI zAntA -paM. ke bhujabalI zAstrI 2/569 mAnava jAtiyoM kA daivIkaraNa -sAdhvI saMgha mitrA 21/14 mAnava saMhitA ke itihAsa meM mahAvIra kI dena -paM. ratanalAla 10/25 mAroTha kA itihAsa aura jakar3I -paramAnanda zAstrI 16/89 muslima yugIna mAlavA kA jaina purAtattva -tejasiMha gaur3a ema.e. risarca skAlara 22/14 mUrti kalA - zrI lokapAla 9/333 mUlAcAra ke kartA -kSu. siddhisAgara 11/372 mevAr3oddhAraka bhAmAzAha -ayodhyA prasAda goyalIya 1/247 merI raNathaMbhora yAtrA -zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 8/444 mohana jodar3o kI kalA aura jaina saMskRti - zrI bA. jayabhagavAna eDavokeTa 10/433 mohana jodar3o kAlIna aura Adhunika jaina saMskRti - bA. jayabhagavAna eDavokeTa 11/47, 113 maurya sAmrAjya kA saMkSipta itihAsa - zrI bAlacanda jaina ema.e. 10/361 maMgalamaya mahAvIra - zrI sAdhu TI. ela. vAsvAnI 1/337 maMgalamaya mahAvIra -zrI sAdhu TI.ela.vAsvAnI 1/337 mevAr3a ke puragrAmakI eka prazasti -rAmavallabha somAnI 10/303 madhyapradeza kA jaina purAtattva --zrI agaracandra nAhaTA 23/2 madhyapradeza meM kAkAgaMja kA jaina purAtattva 24/2 mahAmAtya kuzarAja -zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 24/4 mAlavabhUmi ke prAcIna sthala va tIrthaM - zrI satyadharakumAra seThI 25/4/5 mahArAjAdhirAja zrI rAmagudA -zrImanohara lAla dalAla 26/1 mahAna mauryavaMzI nerazaH samprati - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 27/3 madhyapradeSThA ke jaina parAtattva kA saMrakSaNa - zrI agaracandra nAhaTA madhyapradeza azoka aura jainadharma - zrI digambaradAsa jaina 28/1 magadha aura jaina saMskRti -DA. jyoti prasAda jaina kalA madhyapradeSThA kI prAcIna jaina kalA -pro. kRSNadatta vAjapeyI 28/1 mAlavA ke thAjApara jile kI aprakAzita jaina pratimAyeM - DA. surendra kumAra Arya 29/1 mAlavA kI navIna aprakAzita jaina pratimAoM ke abhilekha -DA. surendra kumAra Arya 29/1 madhyayuga me jainadharma aura saMskRti -ku. razmibAlA jaina 29/3

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60 madhyapradeza meM madhyayugIna jaina zilpakalA -DA. zivakumAra nAmadeva 30/1 madhyapradeza kI jaina tIrthasthalI: makasI pArzvanAtha - DA. surendrakumAra Arya 31/1 mathurA kI jainakalA - DA. rameza candra jaina 32/1/2 mahAna jaina zAsana prabhAvaka zrI jinaprabhasUrI - zrI agaracandra nAhaTA 33/1 mahArASTra meM jainadharma -DA. bhAgacandra bhAskara 42/1 mahobA ke jaina mandira - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 43/4 mAnapurA saMgrahAlaya kI jaina yakSa-yakSaNi kI pratimAeM - zrI ravIndra bhAraddhAja 31/3/4 ya yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana - DA. gokulacanda ema. e. 21/2 yajJa aura ahiMsaka paramparAyeM - AcArya zrI tulasI 17/269 yati samAja agaracanda nAhaTA 3/498 yazastilaka kAlIna Arthika jIvana - DA. gokulacanda jaina 18 /50 yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana - DA. gokulacanda jaina AcArya ema.e.pI.eca.DI. 20/276 yazastilaka meM carcita Azrama vyavasthA sanyasta vyakti - DA. gokulacanda jaina 18/149 yazastilaka meM varNita varNa vyavasthA aura samAja gaThana -DA. gokulacanda jaina 18 /213 yApanIya saMgha para kucha aura prakAza -DaoN. AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye 28:1 ra rakSAbandhana kA prArambha - paM. bAlacanda bI. e. 8 / 405 rasika ananyamAla meM eka sarAvagI jainI kA anekAnta/55/3 vivaraNa - zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 15/229 rAjagRha kI yAtrA - nyA. paM. darabArIlAla jaina 8/175 rAjaghATa kI jaina pratimAyeM - nIraja jaina 19/49 rAjanApura khinakhinI kI dhAtu pratimAyeM - zrI bAlacanda jaina ema. e. 15/85 rAjapUta kAlika mAlavA kA jaina purAtattva - tejasiMha gaur3a ema.e. bI.eDa. 21/35 rAjasthAna kA jaina purAtattva -DA. kailAzacanda jaina 19/315 rAjasthAna meM dAsI prathA - paramAnanda jaina 13/96 rAjA khAravela aura himavanta therAvalI - kAmatA prasAda 5/621 rAjA ela -DA. vidyAdhara joharapurakara ema.e. 16/229 rAjA khAravela aura aura unakA vaMza - kAmatA prasAda 1/297 rAjA khAravela aura unakA vaMza -muni kalyANa vijaya 1/226 rAjA khAravela aura himavanta therAvalI - muni kalyANa vijaya 1/342 rAjA zrIpAla urpha Ila - paM. nemicaMdra dhannUsA jaina 17 /120 rAjA zreNika yA vimbasAra kA AyuSyakAla -paM. milApacaMdra kaTAriyA 20/84 rAjA harasukharAya- ayodhyAprasAda goyalIya 2/332 rASTrakUTa kAla meM jainadharma -DA. a.sa. altekara 12/283 rASTrakUTa govinda tRtIya kA zAsanakAla - zrI ema. govinda pai. 10/222 rAvaNa pArzvanAtha kI avasthiti - agaracaMda nAhaTA 9/222 rASTrakUTa nareza amoghavarSa kI jaina dIkSA -pro. hIrAlAla ema. e. 5/123 ropar3a kI khudAI meM mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika vastuoM kI upalabdhi 13 / 159

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anekAnta/55/3 rAjagiri yA rAjagraha - zrI paramAnaMda zAstrI - 24:2 rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma evaM sAhitya rAjasthAna meM madhyayugIna jaina pratimAeM - DaoN. zivakumAra nAmadeva - 30:3, 4 rAjya saMgrahAlaya dhubelA kI sarvatobhadra mUrtiyAM - zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 43:3 - 24:6 rAnI rUpamatI purAtatva saMgrahAlaya sAraMgapura kI jaina pratimAeM - zrI narezakumAra pAThaka - 48:1 rAmagupta ke abhilekha - zrI paramAnanda zAstrI 25:4, 5 la laMkA meM jainadharma 26:2 - zrI mahendra kumAra dillI lADanUM kI eka mahattvapUrNa jina pratimA - devendra hANDA 25:6 va vagheravAla jAti -DA. vidyAdhara joharApura 17/63 baDalI staMbha khaNDa lekha - zrI bAlacandra jaina ema. e. 10/ 150 vAcaka vaMza - muni darzana vijaya 1/476 vAnara mahAdvIpa (saMpAdakIya noTa sahita) -pro. jvAlAprasAda siMhala 8/54 vAmanAvatAra aura jaina muni viSNukumAra - zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 12/247 vikramI saMvata kI samasyA - pro. puSpamitra jaina 14/287 vijoliyA ke zilAlekha - paramAnanda zA. 11/358 vidarbha meM jainadharma kI paramparA -DA. vidyAdhara joharApurakara 18/146 vIrazAsana aura usakA mahattva - nyA. paM. darabArIlAla koThiyA 5/188 vIrazasanakI utpati kA samaya aura sthAna -sampAdaka 6/76 vIrazAsana jayaMtI kA itihAsa - jugalakizora mukhtAra 14/338 vIrasena svAmI ke svargArohaNa samaya para eka dRSTi - paM. darabArIlAla jaina koThiyA 8/144 vIra nirmANa saMvat kI samAlocanA para vicAra -saMpAdaka 4/429 vRSabhadeva tathA ziva sambandhI prAcIna mAnyatAyeM -DA. rAjakumAra jaina 19/94 vaidika vrAtya aura mahAvIra - karmAnanda 6 / 235 vaizAlI ( eka samasyA) -muni kAntisAgara 9/267 vaizAlI kI mahattA zrI Ara. Ara. divAkara rAjyapAla vihAra 11 /416 25:1 vaizAlI gaNataMtra kA adhyakSa rAjA ceTaka - paramAnaMda zAstrI vikrama vizvidyAlaya ujjaina ke purAtatva saMgrAhAlaya kI aprakAzita jaina pratimAeM - DaoN. surendrakumAra Arya - 25:3 vardhamAnapura eka samasyA -manohara lAla dalAla 26:1 vidizA se prApta jaina pratimAeM evaM gupta rAmagupta - zivakumAra nAmadeva 27:1 vrAtya jaina saMskRti kA pUrva purUSa -DaoN. harindrabhUSaNa jaina videzoM meM jaina dharma 30:2 - - 61 - DaoN. gokula prasAda jaina 50:2 vaizAlI gaNataMtra - zrIrAjamala jaina - nareza 54:3,4 za zaDola jile meM jaina saMskRti kA eka ajJAta kendra - pro. bhAgacaMdra jaina bhAgendu 22/71 zAMti ora saumyatA kA tIrtha kuNDalapura - zrI nIraja jena 17/73 zilAlekhoM meM jainadharma kI udAratA -bA. kAmatAprasAda 2/83 zodhakaNa (1 tIna vilakSaNa jina bimba, 2 patiyAna

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62 dAI, 3bhagavAn mahAvIra jJAtaputra the yA nAgaputra ? ) - zrI bAbU choTelAla jaina 15/224 zodhakaNa - bAbU choTelAla jaina 16/43 zodhakaNa - paramAnanda zAstrI 18/90 zodha TippaNa - nemacaMda dhannUsA jaina 17 /120 zodha TippaNa - muni zrI nathamala 17/118, 17122 zodha TippaNa -pro. DA. vidyAdhara joharApurakara 16/175, 16/249 zodha TippaNa paramAnanda zAstrI 16/138 zilpakalA evaM prakRti vaibhava kA pratIka : amara sAgara - zrIbUracandacanda jaina 28:1 zvetAmbara jaina paMDita paramparA 34:1 - zrI agaracandra nAhaTA zilAlekhoM meM golApUrvAnvaya - zrI paramAnanda zAstrI - 24:3 zuMga kuSANakAlIna jaina zilpa kalA - zrI zivakumAra nAmadeva 29:3 zikhara jI ke prati hamAre pUrvajoM kA yogadAna aura hamArA karttavya - zrI subhASa jaina zahanAmA-e-hinda meM jainadharma zAyara - phiroja nakkAza 37:3 52:3 - zra zramaNagiri caleM - jIbabandhu TI.esa. anuvAdaka pI.vI. vAstava dattA jaina nyAyatIrtha ema. 14/125 zramaNa paramparA aura cANDAla -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema. e. 14/285 zramaNa balidAna - zrI akhila 12/366 zramaNa saMskRti aura bhASA - nyA. paM. mahendrakumAra 5/193 zramaNa saMskRti kA prAcInatva - muni zrI vidyAnanda 20/127 zramaNa saMskRti ke uddhAraka RSabhadeva - paramAnanda zAstrI 19/273 zramaNa saMskRti meM nArI - paramAnanda jaina 13/84 zrAvakavratavidhAna kA anuSThAtA Ananda anekAnta/55/3 zramaNopAsaka - bAlacanda si.zA. 19/476 zrAvaNakRSNa pratipadA kI smaraNIya tithi - paramAnanda zA. 2/473 zrI antarikSa pArzvanAtha polI mandira zirapura - nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 20/11 zrI antarikSa pArzvanAtha bastI mandira tathA mUla nAyakamUrti zirapura - nemacaMda dhaMnUsA jaina 20/169 zrI kSetra baDavAnI -pro. vidyAdhara joharApurakara 15/87 zrI khAravela prazasti aura jainadharma kI prAcInatA -kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla 1/241 zrIdhara svAmI kI nirvANa bhUmi kuNDalapura - jaganmohanalAla zAstrI 20/191 zrIpura kSetra ke nirmAtA rAjA zrIpAla Ila - nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 21/162 zrIpura nirvANa bhakti aura kundakunda -DA. vidyAdhara joharApurakara 18/14 zrIpura pArzvanAtha mandira ke mUrti-yaMtra lekha saMgraha - paM. nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 18/25, 15/80 zrIpura meM rAjA Ila se pUrva kA jaina mandira - nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 17/145 zrI bAhubalI kI AzcaryamayI pratimA -A. zrI vijayendra sUri 12/311 zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI - muni zrI caturvijaya ( anuvAdaka paramAnanda) 13/678 zrI mohanalAlajI jJAnabhaMDAra sUrata kI tAr3apatrIya pratiyAM - zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 18/179 zrI rAhula kA siMha senApati - zrI mANikacaMda 6/253 zrutakIrti aura unakI dharmaparIkSA -DA. hIrAlAla jaina ema. e. 11/105 zRMgerI kI pArzvanAtha bastI kA zilAlekha - bAbU kAmatA prasAda jaina 9/224 zramaNa saMskRti : itihAsa aura purAtatva ke saMdarbha meM zrI muni zrI nagarAja 28:1

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anekAnta/55/3 zramaNa sAhitya meM varNita vibhinna sampradAya samrATa azoka ke zilAlekhoM kI amaravANI -DaoN. bhAgacanda jaina 28:1 -zrI nirdvanda 10/308 zramaNa sAhitya - eka dRSTi sAhitya meM antarikSa pArzvanAtha zrIpura -muni zrI dulaha rAja 28:1 -paM. nemacanda dhannUsA jaina 18/24, 18/265 zramaNa aura samAja : purAtana itihAsa ke pariprekSa / sittannavAsala -gulAbacanda abhayacanda 6/363 meM -zrI citreza gosvAmI 28:1 siri khAravelake zilA kI 14vIM paMkti zramaNa paramparA kI prAcInatA -bA kAmatAprasAda 1/230 -paM. kailAza candra zAstrI 28:1 sIrA pahAr3a ke prAcIna jaina guphA mandira zramaNa saMskati evaM paramparA-zrI yageza jaina 28:1 -- zrI nIraja jaina 15/222 zrAvastI kA jaina rAjA muhaladeva sUtradhAra maMDana viracita rUpamaMDala meM jaina mUrti (AcArya jugalakizora janmazatI grantha) lakSaNa -agaracanda nAhaTA 19/294 zrI gaNeza prasAda jaina 30:3, 4 senagaNa kI bhaTTAraka paramparA zramaNa saMskRti kI prAcInatA : purAtatva eva - zrI paM nemacanda dhannUsA 18/153 itihAsa ke pariprekSya meM -DaoN. premacanda jaina 31:3,4 sonAgiri siddha kSetra aura tatsambandhI sAhitya zramaNa paramparA -paM. kailAza candra zAstrI 32:34 -DA nemicanda zAstrI 21/18 zrI laMkA aura jainadharma solahavIM zatAbdI kI do prazastiyA~ - DA. jyotiprasAda jaina 36:4 - paramAnanda zA. 18/19 zrI laMkA meM jainadharma aura azoka saMgIta kA jIvana meM sthAna - zrI rAjamala dillI 46:3 -bA choTelAla jaina 11/125 zrI sammeda zikhara ke sambandha meM mahattvapUrNa sagItapura ke sAluvendra nareza aura jainadharma tathya -zrI subhASa jaina 47:3 -bA. kAmataprasAda 9/187 zruta paramparA - muni zrI kAmakumAra nandI 47:3 saMta zrI guNacanda -paramAnanda zAstrI 17/189 zrI sammeda zikhara aMka 53:2 saMskRta ke jaina prabandha kAvyoM meM pratipAdita zramaNa paramparA me pratipAdita SaTkarma vyavasthA zikSA paddhati -nemicanda zAstrI 19/109 -DaoN. sureza canda jaina 54:3, 4 solaMkI kAla meM jaina mandiroM meM jainetara citraNa zramaNa saMskRti - zrI .surendra pAla siMha 38:3, 4 -DaoN. harihara siMha 30:3, 4 samrATa muhammada tugalaka aura mahAn jaina zAsana prabhAvaka zrI jinaprabhasUrI saptakSetra rAsakA varNyaviSaya - zrIagaracandra nAhaTA 33:1 -zrI agaracanda nAhaTA 15/160 saMgrahAlaya Una meM saMrakSita jaina pratimAyeM 35:3 samantabhadra kA muni jIvana aura ApatkAla sthAnIya saMgrahAlaya pichora meM saMgrahIta jaina -sampAdaka 4/41, 4/143 pratimAyeM - zrI narezakumAra pAThaka 36:1 samantabhadra kA samaya nirNaya sirasA se prApta jaina mUrtiyAM -jugalakizora mukhtAra 14/3 -zrI vidyAsAgara zuklA 40:1 samantabhadra kA samaya saMgrahAlaya gUjarI mahala meM sarvatobhadra pratimAyeM -DA. jyotiprasAda jaina ema.e. ela.bI. 14/324 -zrI nareza kumAra pAThaka 45:2

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anekAnta/55/3 sesaI kA zAntinAtha mandira - zrI narezakumAra pAThaka 47:2 saMgrahAlaya kuNDezvara kI pratimAyeM -zrI rAmanareza pAThaka 50:2 suprIma korTa ne zvetAmbaroM kI zikharajI sambandhI yAcikA khArija kii| 50:3 sonagaDha sAhitya -samayasAra kA artha viparyaya -paM. nAthUlAla zAstrI 503 sammeda zikhara viSayaka sAhitya -DaoN. RSabhacanda phaujadAra 51:4 samasAmayika saMdarbho meM mukhtAra sA. kI kAlajayI dRSTi -DaoN. surezacandra jaina 51:4 samrATa rAmagupta jainadharma anuyAyI thaa| - zrI kuMdanalAla jaina 36:4 sAhU zAnti prasAda samRti aMka 31:3, 4 saMgrahAlaya Una meM saMrakSita jaina pratimAeM 353 hamArA prAcIna vismRta vaibhava -paM. darabArI lAla jI nyAyAcArya 14/30 hamArI tIrthayAtrA ke saMsmaraNa -paM. paramAnanda zAstrI 12/24,12/36,12/89 12/163,12/188,12/235,12/276,12/319 haribhadra dvArA ullikhita nagara -DA. nemicanda jaina 14/41 hastinApura kA bar3A jaina mandira -paramAnanda jaina 13/204 hUMbaDa yA hUmaMDa vaMza tathA usake mahattvapUrNa kArya -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI 13/123 hoyasala nareza viSNuvardhana aura jainadharma -paM. ke. bhujabalI 17/242 har3appA tathA jainagrantha-TI.ena.rAmacandrana 24:4 huMbar3a jaina jAti kI utpatti evaM prAcIna janagaNanA 33:2 har3appA aura jainadharma -TI.ena. rAmacandrana tricUrI kI kalacurI kAlIna jaina pratimAyeM anuvAdaka -bA. jayabhagavAna jI eDavokeTa 14/157 -kastUracaMda sumana - 24:1 utAra-car3hAva aura Arthika evaM sAmAjika udAsInatA ke cakra meM bhI gaurava pUrNa uddezyoM ke prati samarpita yaha patrikA apane avadAnoM ke lie jaina itihAsa, siddhAnta, sAhitya, samIkSA, sAmayika, kavitA evaM mUlabhASA sambandha AlekhoM kA eka sazakta jIvanta dastAveja hai, jise A. jugalakizora mukhtAra, paM. paramAnanda zAstrI, zrI bhagavata svarUpa bhagavat, zrI agaracandra nAhaTA, DaoN. daravArI lAla koThiyA, zrI ayodhyA prasAda gopalIya, DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina, paM. hIrAlAla siddhAnta zAstrI, paM. nAthUrAma premI, paM. padmacandra zAstrI jaise vidvAnoM ne bevAka hokara taiyAra kiyA hai| paM. padmacandra zAstrI ne to vigata 30 varSoM meM anekAnta meM prAkRta viSayaka jo sAmagrI prastuta kI hai vaha jaina sAhityetihAsa ke lie bhaviSya meM mArgadarzaka siddha hogii| tAtparya yaha hai ki anekAnta meM itihAsa-purAtattva ke AlekhoM ke sAtha hI mUla Agama grantha sampAdana tathA Agama bhASA viSayaka sAmagrI kA bhI pracuramAtrA

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anekAnta/55/3 meM prakAzana huA hai| vaha bhI itihAsa kI sAmagrI se bhinna nahI hai| 2500ve nirvANa mahotsava ke prasaMga meM 'anuttara yogI mahAvIra' kRti kI samIkSA karate hue 'vipa mizrita laDDU' zIrSaka se paramparAgata mUlyoM kI rakSA kA aitihAsika dastAveja prastuta kiyA hai| isI prakAra mUla Agama evaM bhASA viSayaka paM. padmacandra zAstrI dvArA prastuta Alekha digambara AgamoM ke sumpaSTa nirdhAraNa ke una AyAmoM aura mAnadaNDoM ko sthApita karate hue mArgadarzana karate haiM, jina para samasta digambara paramparA aura itihAsa kI bhAvI bhitti khar3I hogI tathA adhyetA anusandhitsaoM ko eka sunicita mArga nirdhAraNa karane ko mArga prazasta kregaa| viDambanA yaha hai ki Aja katipaya vidvat varga satyAnvepI na hokara arthAnveSI hai aura artha kI lolupatA satya ko khojane ma sabase bar3I bAdhA hai yadi aisA na hotA to vartamAna ke sabhI manIpI vidvAna prAkRta viSayaka avadhAraNA aura mRlaAgama saMpAdana/saMzodhana viSayaka paM. padamacandra zAstrI kI dhAraNA se sahamata hote hue bhI udAsIna bhAva se asahamata na hote. vidvat samudAya ne anakAnta ke paramparA pApita sandarbho ma bhI nyAya kA Azraya nahI liyA yaha bhI viDambanA aura Azcarya kA viSaya hai| parantu paNDita padamacandra zAstrI ne adamya sAhasa ke sAtha ekalA calo re kI rAha nahIM choTI aura samAja ko jarA socie tathA paramparima mRlyoM ke prati apana AlekhoM ke mAdhyama se saceta karate rhe| yaha bAta alaga hai ki unakA satyAnvayI AvAja nakkArakhAna kI tRtI kI taraha vibhinna haTA ka bIca anapanI kara dI gaI lakina unheM itihAsa kI amiTa dharohara banana meM gakA jA sakaMgA isakI sambhAvanA kama hai| kyoMki itihAsa kAlAntara meM niyakSa satyAgrahI Ara anakAnta dRSTi dhAraka kA apane atIta ke varNima adhyAyA ma pagiMcana kaganA rahatA hai| isa Alakha maM anakAnta maM pUrva prakAzita zrI gApAlAla jI amara ka Alekha kA sAbhAra AdhAra liyA hai|

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554 anekAnta vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI-110002

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vIra sevA maMdira traimAsika anekAnta pravarttaka : A. jugalakizora mukhtAra 'yugavIra' isa aMka meM kahA~ / kyA? 1. je dina tuma viveka bina khoye 2 bodhapAhuDa meM varNita pravrajyA 3. syAdvAda - -DaoN jayakumAra jaina DaoN satyadeva mizra 4 170 varSa pUrva uttarI bhArata meM digambara jaina muniyoM kA vihAra anupacanda nyAyatIrtha 6. tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA aparigraha darzana DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina 1 7. jIva kA akAla maraNa eka vyApaka dRSTi DaoN. zreyAsa kumAra jaina 2 16 5 zramaNa paramparA ke vandanIya sAdhaka aura unake madhya sambandha DaoN rAjendrakumAra basala 35 25 43 59 varSa - 55, kiraNa-4 akTUbara-disambara 2002 sampAdaka : DaoN. jayakumAra jaina 261/3, paTala nagara mujaphpharanagara (u. pra. ) phona : (0131) 2603730 parAmarzadAtA : paM. padmacandra zAstrI saMsthA kI AjIvana sadasyatA 1100/vArSika zulka 30/isa aka kA mUlya 10: sadasyAM va maMdiro ke lie niHzulka prakAzaka : bhAratabhUSaNa jaina, eDavokaTa mudraka : mAsTara prinTarsa 110032 vizeSa sUcanA : vidvAn lekhaka apane vicAroM ke lie svatantra haiN| yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki sampAdaka unake vicAroM se sahamata ho / isameM prAya: vijJApana evaM samAcAra nahIM lie jAte / vIra sevA maMdira 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI- 110002, dUrabhASa : 23250522 saMsthA ko dI gaI sahAyatA rAzi para dhArA 80 jI ke aMtargata Ayakara meM chUTa (raji. Ara 10591/62)

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je dina tuma viveka bina khoye -kavivara bhAgacanda moha vAruNI pI anAditai, parapada meM cira soye| sukhakaraMDa citapiMDa Apapada, guna anaMta nahiM joye|| je dina tuma viveka bina khoye ...... hoya bahirmukha ThAni rAga rukha, karma bIja bahu boye| tasu phala sukha dukha sAmagrI lakhi, cita meM haraSe roye|| je dina tuma viveka bina khoye ....................2 dhavala dhyAna zuci salilapUra , Asavamala nahiM dhoye| paradravyani kI cAha na rokI, vividha parigraha Dhoye // je dina tuma viveka bina khoye ....................3 aba nija meM nija jAna niyata tahAM, nija parinAma smoye| yaha zivamAraga samarasasAgara, 'bhAgacanda' hita toye // je dina tuma viveka bina khoye

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bodhapAhuDa meM varNita pravrajyA : eka samIkSA - DaoN. jayakumAra jaina kundakundAcArya evaM aSTapAhuDa 'maMgalaM bhagavAn vIro maMgalaM gautamo gaNI / maMgalaM kundakundAryo jaina dharmo'stu maMgalam // ' kisI bhI maMgala kArya ke pUrva jainoM meM ukta zloka par3hane kI paramparA hai| spaSTa hai ki caubIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakI divyadhvani ke dhAraka tathA dvAdazAMga Agama ke praNetA gautama gaNadhara ke pazcAt zrI kundakundAcArya ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| AcArya kundakundadeva zramaNa saMskRti ke unnAyaka evaM adhyAtma viSayaka sAhitya ke yugapradhAna AcArya to haiM hI, ve eka kuzala anuzAsaka bhI haiN| mUlasaMgha ke paTTAcArya kundakundAcArya kI aSTapAhuDa aisI mahanIya kRti hai jisameM unakA kaThora prazAsaka kA rUpa dRSTigocara hotA hai| isameM darzana, caritra, sUtra, bodha, bhAva, mokSa, liGga, aura zIla ina ATha pAhuDoM kA samAveza hai| ina pAhuDoM meM kundakundAcArya ne Aja se 2000 varSa pUrva zithilAcAra ke viruddha jo sazakta AvAja bulanda kI thI, vaha pratyeka kAla meM pUrNatayA sarvathA prAsaMgika rahI hai| avasarpiNI kAla meM zithilAcAra kA uttarottara bar3hanA jaba nirantara jArI ho, taba ina pAhuDoM kI upayogitA aura adhika bar3ha gaI hai| vartamAna meM aSTapAhuDa kI upAdeyatA Aja digambara paramparA ke zramaNoM meM jaba aniyata vihAra kI pravRtti kA abhAva sA ho rahA ho evaM katipaya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM maThAdhIzapanA bar3ha rahA ho, AcArya ke anuzAsana kA ucchRMkhalatApUrvaka nirAdara kiyA jA rahA ho tathA sAdhu ekala vihArI banate jA rahe hoM, ziSyoM kI lolupatA meM sImAtIta vRddhi ho rahI ho tathA bhraSTa, evaM ayogya vyaktiyoM ko saMgha meM dIkSA dI jA rahI ho, sAdhu-sAdhviyA~ apane upadezoM meM anya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM para kaTAkSa kara rahe hoM,

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anekAnta-55/4 AcArya/upAdhyAya banane kI hor3a lagI ho tathA saMgha meM eka bhI sAdhu na hone para bhI yadvA tadvA AcArya/upAdhyAya pada grahaNa kiye jA rahe hoM, saMgha meM brahmacAriNI bahanoM kI paiTha bar3ha rahI ho evaM unameM kucha ke hIna AcaraNoM se sAdhuoM kI cAritra gardA ho rahI ho, sAdhu-sAdhviyA~ svayaM dhana-saMgraha evaM nirmANa kAryoM meM ruci le rahe hoM, sAdhu-sAdhviyA~ apane nAmoM para saMgha banavAkara samAja meM pArTIvAjI evaM vaimanasya kA nimitta bana rahe hoM tathA sAdhuoM ke nAma para bhakta vibhakta ho rahe hoM, sAdhu samAja ke kucha ThekedAroM ko prerita kara taraha-taraha kI upAdhiyA~ grahaNa kara rahe hoM, pIchI kamaNDalu evaM zAstra ke atirikta laukika sAdhanoM jaise TI.vI., kUlara, phona Adi rakhakara eka sadgRhastha kI sImA se bhI nIce gira rahe hoM, mantra-tantra kA durupayoga karanA unakA nitya karma bana gayA ho, saMgha meM naukara-cAkara, rupayA-paisA, caukA-cUlhA, moTara gAr3I Adi rakhanA kAlAnusAra samIcIna mAnA jAne lagA ho aura digambara santoM kI bhI prathamAnuyoga ke dRSTAnta chor3akara vikathAoM meM ruci hone lagI ho tathA bar3e-bar3e netAoM ko apane kAryakramoM meM Amantrita karAke mAna kaSAya ko puSTa kiyA jA rahA ho, rAjakIya atithi banane meM digambara sAdhu bhI Anandita ho rahe hoM taba aSTapAhuDa ke anuzAsana kI mahattA aura bhI bar3ha gaI hai| Aja samRddhi evaM suvidhAoM ke bar3ha jAne se zrAvaka to zithilAcArI huA hI hai, sAtha hI vaha sAdhuoM meM tIvragati se bar3ha rahe zithilAcAra ko dattacittatA se saMrakSaNa pradAna kara rahA hai aura use puSTa karane meM satata saMlagna hai| aSTapAhuDa uparyukta zithilAcAra ke viruddha eka aMkuza hai jo hInavRtta rUpI madonmatta gajarAja ko niyantrita karane meM kAphI hada taka samartha ho sakatA hai| aSTapAhuDa para khulakara carcA karane se zithilAcAra ke viruddha eka vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa hogA jo samAja ko jAgarUka banAkara unheM tathA digambara santoM ko kundakundAcArya ke dvArA nirdiSTa mArga para calane ko prerita kara skegaa| vastuta: kundakundAcArya kA vyaktitva jahA~ eka ora adhyAtma pratipAdana meM kusuma se bhI sukumAra hai vahA~ dUsarI ora prazAsaka AcArya ke rUpa meM vajra se bhI kaThora hai| ve svayaM AcAra paripAlana karane tathA saMghastha sAdhuoM ko AcAra grahaNa karAne meM sacce AcArya haiN| unake isa lokottara rUpa ko jAnakara hI

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4 anekAnta - 55/4 kavivara vRndAvanadAsa ne kahA hai- 'hue haiM na hoMhiMge muniMda kuMdakuMda se| ' bodhapAhuDa evaM usakA pratipAdya zrI kundakundAcAryakRta aSTapAhuDa meM bodhapAhuDa alpakAya kintu mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| yaha bAsaTha gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai, jisameM nimnalikhita 11 viSayoM kA saMkSipta kintu sAragarbhita vivecana huA hai- Ayatana, caityagraha, jinapratimA, darzana, jinabimba, jinamudrA, jJAna, deva, tIrtha, arihanta aura pravrajyA / sabhI gyAraha sthAnoM ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki nizcaya se nirgrantha sAdhu hI Ayatana hai, vahI caityagraha hai, vahI jina pratimA hai, vahI darzana hai, vahI jinabimba hai, vahI jinamudrA hai, vahI jJAna hai, vahI deva hai, vahI tIrtha hai aura vahI arihanta hai| yahA~ para jJAtavya hai ki sAdhuoM meM arihanta ko bhI samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| Ayatana kA artha hai dhrmsthaan| vAstavika Ayatana to dharmadhArI munirAja hI hai, vyavahAra se unake AvAsa ko Ayatana kahA jAtA hai| caityagraha kA artha hai - jinAlaya / SaTkAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA karane vAle munirAja hI vAstava meM caityagraha haiM, vyavahAra se jinAlaya ko bhI caityagraha kahA gayA hai| pratimA kA artha hai mUrti / vAstava meM nirgrantha muni kI jaMgama deha hI pratimA hai aura siddha acala pratimA hai| vahI vandanIya hai| vyavahAra se dhAtu yA pASANa pratimA bhI vandanIya hai| darzana kA artha hai jinadarzana / munirAja kA svarUpa jinendra bhagavAn kA rUpa hai ataH ve sAkSAt darzana haiN| nirgrantha munirAja hI vastuta: jinadeva ke pratibimba hai| saMyama meM dRr3ha munirAja hI jinamudrA hai| mokSamArga kI hetu rUpa zuddhAtmA jJAna se prApta hotI hai| usake dhAraka nirgrantha muni haiM ataH nirgrantha sAdhu hI jJAna haiN| deva vItarAgI hote haiN| nirgrantha muni vItarAgI haiM yA usa mArga ke pathika haiM ataH ve hI deva haiN| jisase tire use tIrtha kahate hai| nirmala AtmA vAstava meM tIrtha hai| nirgrantha munirAjoM kI AtmA samyaktva evaM mahAvratoM se zuddha, indriyoM se virakta tathA bhogoM kI icchA se rahita nirmala hotI hai ataH nirgrantha sAdhu hI tIrtha hai| sabhI kevalajJAnI arihanta hote hai| nirgrantha sAdhu hI isa pada ko prApta kara sakate haiM, ata: kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra mAnakara kahA jA sakatA hai ki nirgrantha sAdhu hI arihanta haiN| pravrajyA dIkSA ko kahate haiM aura pravrajyA dhArI nirgrantha sAdhu hotA hai, ataH

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anekAnta-: -55/4 5 nirgrantha sAdhu ko hI pravrajyA kahA gayA hai| uparyukta kathana se spaSTa hai ki ukta gyAraha sthAnoM ke mAdhyama se vAstava meM nirgrantha sAdhu ke svarUpa ko hI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| zrutasAgarI TIkA AcArya kundakunda kRta aSTapAhuDoM meM se liMgapAhuDa evaM sIlapAhuDa ko chor3akara zeSa chaha pAhuDo para ( 16vIM zatAbdI meM likhita) bhaTTAraka zrutasAgara sUri kI saMskRta TIkA upalabdha hai| yaha TIkA zrI jayasenAcArya kI TIkA kI bhAMti padakhaNDAnvayI hai| TIkAkAra ne 'nAmUlaM likhyate kiJcit' kI paddhati ko na apanA kara kahIM-kahIM bhAvoM ko tor3A maror3A hai to kahIM-kahIM paramatakhaNDana meM asahiSNutA dikhAI hai| bodhapAhuDa kI 17vIM gAthA kI TIkA meM binA prasaMga ke hI unhoMne bhaktoM se apanI pUjA karAne ke lie joradAra upadeza diyA hai| ve likhate haiM- 'tuma saba pUjA karo, aSTavidha arcana karo tathA vinaya kro| hAtha jor3anA, pairoM meM par3anA, sanmukha jAkara likhA lAnA vAtsalya, bhojanapAna, padamardana, zuddha tailAdi se mAliza, prakSAlana Adi saba kAma tIrthakara nAmakarma ke upArjana ke hetubhUta haiN| ( jaina sA.kA. iti. pR. 375-376) gAthA 27,32, 33 evaM 43 kI TIkAoM meM anAvazyaka vistAra kiyA hai jo pravAha ko avaruddha karatA hai| yaha TIkA kundakunda kI bhAvanA ke anukUla nahI jAna par3atI hai| pravrajyA zabda kA artha Ayatana Adi gyAraha sthAnoM meM pravrajyA kA nirgrantha sAdhu ke sAtha sIdhA sambandha hone ke kAraNa vizeSa mahattva hai| pravrajyA zabda pra upasarga pUrvaka vraj dhAtu se kyap tathA strItva vivakSA meM TAp-pratyaya karane se niSpanna hotA hai jisake aneka artho me dIkSA, anagArI kA jIvana, sAdhu ke rUpa meM itastataH bhramaNa artha pramukha haiN| prakRta meM pravrajyA kA artha pradhAna rUpa se aisI dIkSA ko grahaNa kiyA gayA hai jisameM sarvavidha parigraha na ho ( pavvajjA savvasaMgaparicattA, bo. 25 ) 1 pravrajyA kA svarUpa " vairAgya kI uttama bhUmikA ko prApta hokara mumukSu vyakti apane saba sage

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6 anekAnta-55/4 sambandhiyoM se kSamA mAMgakara, guru kI zaraNa meM jA, sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga kara detA hai aura jJAtA dRSTA rahatA huA sAmya jIvana bitAne kI pratijJA karatA hai| ise hI pravrajyA yA jinadIkSA kahate haiM (jai. si. ko. bhAga. 3, pR. 149 ) / " bodhapAhuDa meM kundakundAcArya ne pravrajyA ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki jo dhana-dhAnya evaM vastra ke dAna, sonA-cA~dI, zayyA - Asana evaM chatra Adi ke kudAna se rahita hai| jo zatru - mitra, prazaMsA - nindA, hAni-lAbha, tRNa- suvarNa meM sAmyabhAva rakhatA hai, uttama - madhyama gRha tathA daridra dhanI meM bheda na karatA huA sarvatra AhAra grahaNa karatA hai| jo parigraha rahita, niHsaMga (strI Adi ke saMsarga se rahita ) mAna kaSAya evaM bhogaparibhoga kI AzA se rahita, rAga-dveSa, mamatva evaM ahaMkAra se rahita hai| jo sneha, lobha, moha, vikAra kAluSya evaM bhaya se rahita hai| jisane yathAjAta bAlaka ke samAna nagna rUpa ko dhAraNa kiyA hai, jo zastra rahita, zAnta hai tathA parakRta vasatikA meM nivAsa karatA hai| jo upazama, kSamA tathA dama se yukta haiM, zarIra ke saMskAra se varjita haiM, rUkSa haiM, mada rAga evaM dveSa se rahita haiN| jisakA mUr3ha bhAva dUra ho gayA hai, jisake AThoM karma naSTa ho gaye haiM, mithyAtva bhAva naSTa ho gayA hai tathA jo samyagdarzana rUpa guNa se vizuddha hai, usako pravrajyA kahI gaI hai| (gAthA 45-52) hai| bodhapAhuDa meM pravrajyA kA phalitArtha uparyukta varNana se phalita hotA hai ki kundakundAcArya kI dRSTi meM pravrajyA meM pramukhatayA heyopAdeya yA karaNIyAkaraNIya kA vicAra Avazyaka hai| pravrajyA meM jahA~ eka ora rAga- - dveSa, moha, bhaya, AzA, lobha, kAluSya, bhogaparibhoga, zarIra saMskAra, sneha, ahaMkAra, mamatA parigraha, pApAMraMbha, dhanyadhAnyAdi, strIsaMsarga, gRhanivAsa vikathA Adi se virata rahane tathA unako heya yA akaraNIya mAnane kA upadeza dekara sAdhuoM ko saceta kiyA gayA hai vahA~ dUsarI ora zatru-mitra, prazaMsA - nindA, hAni-lAbha, tRNa- suvarNa meM samatA rakhakara parakRtavasatikA meM nivAsa kI bAta kahakara kundakundAcArya ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki jisameM svayaM ko kRta, kArita, anumodanA rUpa mana, vacana, kAya rUpa nirmANa kA doSa na lagA ho, aise sthAna para hI sAdhu ko rahanA caahie| isI prakAra Age kahA gayA hai ki upasarga evaM pariSahajayI munirAja nirantara nirjana vana meM zilA, kASTha yA

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anekAnta-55/4 7 bhUmitala para baiThate haiM (gAthA 55 ) / AhArAdi ke prati sAmyabhAva rakhakara AhAra ke prasaMga meM uttama - madhyama gRha evaM daridra - dhanI meM bheda na karake pariSahasahana evaM kaSAyajaya meM rata rahane ko sAvadhAna kiyA gayA hai| unheM bAlakavat nagna rUpa ko dhAraNa kara zAnta, zastrAstrahIna, upazama, kSamA, dama meM nirata rahate hue saMyama, samyaktva evaM mUlaguNoM tathA tapa, vrata evaM uttaraguNoM ke paripAlana kA Adeza diyA gayA hai| (dekheM jai. si.ko - 3, pR. 527 ) pravrajyA ke yogyAyogya sthAna bodhapAhuDa meM dIkSA ke yogya tathA dIkSAsahita muni ke Thaharane yogya sthAnoM kA vivecana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki sUnA ghara, vRkSa kA mUla udyAna, zmasAna bhUmi, parvata kI guphA, parvata kI coTI, bhayAnaka vana aura vasati ye dIkSAyogya sthAna haiM tathA dIkSAsahita muni ke Thaharane yogya sthAna haiM ( gAthA 41 ) / isI prakAra mUlAcAra meM bhI kahA gayA hai girikandaraM masANaM suNNAgAraM ca rukkhamUlaM vA / ThANaM virAgabahulaM dhIro bhikkhu NiseveU / mUlAcAra 10/59 arthAt girikandarAoM, zmasAna bhUmi, zUnyAgAra, vRkSamUla Adi vairAgyavardhaka sthAnoM para zramaNa Thaharate haiN| ina vivikta nikAyoM meM Thaharane meM hetu kA nirdeza karate hue bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kahA gayA hai ki cUMki kalaha, vyagratA bar3hAne vAle zabda, saMkleza bhAva, mana kI vyagratA, asaMyata janoM kA saMsarga, svapara kA bhAva, dhyAna evaM adhyayana meM vighna Adi doSoM kA sadbhAva ina vivikta sthAnoM meM nahI hotA hai, ataH ye zramaNa ke Thaharane yogya sthAna haiN| (bhagavatI ArAdhanA 232 ) / Thaharane ke ayogya sthAnoM kA mUlAcAra meM vistAra se varNana huA hai| jina sthAnoM meM kaSAya kI utpatti, Adara kA abhAva, indriyaviSayoM kI adhikatA, striyoM kA bAhulya, duHkhoM evaM upasargoM kA bAhulya ho, vahA~ muni ko nahIM ThaharanA caahie| gAyaAdi tiryaMcanI, kuzIla strI, savikAriNI vyantara Adi deviyA~, asaMyamI gRhastha ke nivAsoM para sAdhu ko kadApi nahI ThaharanA caahie| arAjaka yA duSTarAjaka sthAna, jahA~ koI pravrajyA na letA ho tathA jahA~

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anekAnta-55/4 saMyamaghAta kI saMbhAvanA rahatI ho, vahA~ muni ko nahI ThaharanA caahie| ina sthAnoM kA parityAga kara denA caahie| (mUlAcAra 10/58-60) pravrajyA kI yogyatA/ayogyatA pravrajyA kisake hotI hai? isa sambandha meM sAmAnya kathana karate hue bodhapAhuDa (gAthA 54) meM kahA gayA hai ki jinamArga meM pravrajyA vajravRSabhanArAca Adi chahoM saMhananoM meM kahI gaI hai| bhaktajana isa pravrajyA ko karmakSaya kA kAraNa mAnakara dhAraNa karate haiN| mahApurANa 39/158 meM dIkSAyogya puruSa kA kathana karate hue kahA gayA hai "vizuddhakulagotrasya savRttasya vpussmtH| dIkSAyogyatvamAmnAtaM sumukhasya sumedhsH||' arthAt jisakA kula vizuddha hai, caritra uttama hai, mukha sundara hai aura AkRti acchI hai, aisA puruSa dIkSA grahaNa karane yogya mAnA gayA hai| jayasenAcArya ne pravacanasAra kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM kahA hai brAhmaNa, kSatriya evaM vaizya ina tIna vargoM meM se kisI eka varNa kA nIroga, tapa meM samartha, ati bAlatva evaM vRddhatva se rahita, yogya Ayu kA, sundara, durAcArAdi se rahita puruSa hI jinaliMga ko grahaNa karane ke yogya hotA hai| labdhisAra kI TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki jo puruSa digvijaya ke kAla meM cakravartI ke sAtha AryakhaNDa meM Ate haiM aura cakravartI Adi ke sAtha unakA vaivAhika sambandha pAyA jAtA hai, unake saMyama grahaNa ke prati virodha kA abhAva hai| athavA jo mleccha kanyAyeM cakravartI Adi ke sAtha vivAhI gaI haiM, una kanyAoM ke garbha se jo putra utpanna hote haiM, unake dIkSA grahaNa saMbhava hai| (la. sa./jI. pra./185/249/19) spaSTa hotA hai ki zUdra bhI kathaMcit dIkSA yogya haiN| kintu yahA~ yaha vizeSa hai ki sat zUdra hI yathAyogya (kSullaka) dIkSA ke yogya hote haiN| prAyazcitta cUlikA 154 meM spaSTatayA kahA gayA hai ki- 'bhojyeSveva pradAtavyaM sarvadA kssullk-vrtm|' "vaNNesa tIsa ekko kalyANaMgo tavosaho vysaa| sumuho kuMchArahido liMgaggahaNe havadi jggo||"

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6935 anekAnta-55/4 isakI TIkA meM bhI kahA hai- 'bhojyeSveva pradAtavyA kSullaka dIkSA naapressu|' arthAt zUdroM meM kevala bhojya yA spRzya zUdroM ko hI kSullaka dIkSA dI jAnI cAhie, anyoM ko nhii| bodhapAhuDa (49) kI zrutasAgarI TIkA meM dIkSA ke ayogya vyakti kA kathana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'kurUpiNo hInAdhikasyAGgasya kuSThAdirogiNazca pravrajyA na bhavati' arthAt kurUpa, hIna yA adhika aMga vAle tathA kuSThAdi rogoM vAle vyakti kI dIkSA nahI hotI hai| do hA~tha, do paira, nitamba, pITha, vakSasthala aura mastaka ye ATha aMga mAne gaye haiN| mUrdhA, kapAla, lalATa, zaMkha, bhauMha, kAna, nAka, AMkha, akSikUTa, hanU, kapola, oSTha, adhara, cApa, tAlu, jIbha Adi upAMga hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI vijayodayA TIkA meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki yadi puruSa liMga meM doSa na ho to vaha autsargika liMga (digambara dIkSA) dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| gRhastha ke puruSa liMga meM carma na honA, adhika dIrghatA evaM bArambAra cetana hokara Upara uThanA doSa hoM to vaha dIkSA dhAraNa karane yogya nahI hai| usI taraha yadi aNDa atizaya lambe hoM to bhI gRhastha digambaratva ke ayogya hai| dIkSAyogya kAla samavasaraNa meM bharatacakravartI ke svapnoM kA phala batAte hue bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne kahA hai ki U~ce svara se zabda karate hue taruNa baila kA vihAra dekhane se sUcita hotA hai ki loga taruNa avasthA meM hI munipada meM Thahara sakeMge anya avasthA meM nhii| taruNasya vRSasyoccaiH nado vihRtiikssnnaat| tAruNya eva zrAmaNye sthAra panti na dshaantre| -mahApurANa 41/75 yahA~ yaha spaSTa hai ki tAruNya kA abhripAya 25 se 50 varSa kI avasthA se hai, na ki vartamAna meM 16-17 varSa meM dIkSita ho rahe kizora sAdhuoM se| kucha loga kahate haiM ki paMcama kAla meM digambara dIkSA dhAraNa nahI karanA caahie| yaha kathana bhI Agama kI AjJA ke sarvathA pratikUla hai| paMcamakAla meM

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anekAnta-55/4 bhI dIkSA hotI hai| niyamasAra (143) kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki kalikAla meM bhI kahIM koI bhAgyazAlI jIva mithyAtvAdi rUpa mala kIcar3a se rahita saddharmarakSAkArI muni hotA hai| jisane parigrahavistAra ko tyAgA hai aura pApa rUpI aTavI ko jalAne vAlI agni rUpa hai, vaha deva loka meM devoM se bhI bhalIbhA~ti pUjita hotA hai| jinasenAcArya ne dIkSA ke ayogya kAla kA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai'grahoparAgagrahaNe privessendrcaapyoH| vakragrahodaye meghpttlsthgite'mbre|| naSTAdhimAsadinayoH saMkrAntau haanimttithau| dIkSAvidhiM mumukSUNAM necchanti kRtbuddhyH|| mahA. 39/159-60 arthAt jisa dina grahoM kA uparAga ho, grahaNa lagA ho, sUrya candra para pariveSa ho, indradhanuSa uThA ho, duSTa grahoM kA udaya ho, AkAza meghapaTala se DhakA huA ho, naSTamAsa yA adhika mAsa kA dina ho, saMkrAnti ho athavA kSayatithi kA dina ho usa dina buddhimAn AcArya mumukSu bhaktoM ke lie dIkSA kI vidhi nahI karate haiN| arthAt aisI sthiti meM ziSya ko navIna dIkSA nahI dI jAtI hai| dIkSAguru guru zabda kA artha bar3A hai| loka meM zikSakoM ko guru kahA jAtA hai| mAtA-pitA ko bhI guru kahA jAtA hai| kintu dhArmika prakaraNa meM arhanta bhagavAna ko paramaguru kahA gayA hai, ve triloka guru hai| phira AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhu ko guru mAnA gayA hai| vrata dhAraNa karane meM guru kI mahattA sarvatra svIkRta hai| dIkSAguru kA lakSaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki 'yo kAle pravrajyA-dAyaka: sa eva diikssaaguruH|' (pravacana sA. 290 kI TIkA tA. vR.) arthAt liMga dhAraNa karate samaya jo ziSya ko pravrajyA dete haiM, ve AcArya dIkSA guru haiN| dIkSA guru ko jJAnI aura vItarAgI honA caahie| bhagavatI ArAdhanA (479-483) meM kahA gayA hai ki- "jo jisakA hita cAhatA hai, vaha usako hita ke kArya meM balAt pravRtta karatA hai| jaise hita cAhane vAlI mAtA apane rote hue bhI bAlaka kA

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anekAnta-55/4 mukha phAr3akara use ghI pilAtI hai| usI prakAra AcArya bhI mAyAcAra dhAraNa karane vAle kSapaka ko jabardastI doSoM kI AlocanA karane meM bAdhya karate haiN| taba vaha doSa kahatA hai, jisase ki usakA kalyANa hotA hai| jisa prakAra ki kar3avI auSadhi pIne se rogI kA kalyANa hotA hai| lAtoM se ziSyoM ko tAr3ate hue bhI jo ziSya ko doSoM se alipta rakhatA hai, vahI guru hitakArI samajhanA caahie| jo puruSa Atmahita ke sAtha-sAtha kaThora zabda bolakara parahita bhI sAdhate haiM, ve jagat meM atizaya durlabha samajhane caahie|' bhagavatI ArAdhanA (488) meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki yataH AcArya para vizvAsa karake hI ziSya apane doSa unase kahatA he ata: guru ko cAhie ki vaha doSoM ko anya ke samakSa prakaTa na kre| yadi AcArya ziSya ke doSoM ko anya se kahatA hai to use jinadharmabAhya kahA gayA hai| pravrajyA dhAraNa karane kA prayojana pravrajyA dhAraNa karane kA mUla prayojana karmakSaya hai| karmakSaya sampUrNa parigraha tyAga ke binA saMbhava nahI hai| ata: isameM sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| nirjana meM vAsa bhI isIlie Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai tAki karmabandha ke hetu vikathAoM se tathA pazu, strI, napuMsaka evaM kuzIla manuSyoM ke samparka se bacA jA ske| bodhapAhuDa (53-56) meM kahA gayA hai ki pravrajyA karmakSaya kA kAraNa hai| isameM tilatuSa mAtra bhI bAhya parigraha kA saMgraha nahI hai| upasarga vijetA evaM pariSaha jayI munivara nirjana sthAna meM zilA, kASTha yA bhUmitala para baiThate haiN| isameM pazu, strI, napuMsaka, kuzIla manuSyoM kA saMga nahI kiyA jAtA hai evaM vikathAyeM nahI kI jAtI haiM tathA sadA svAdhyAya evaM dhyAna meM lIna rahA jAtA hai| __zubhacandrAcArya ne jJAnArNava meM pravrajyA dhAraNa karane kA kAraNa batAte hue kahA hai ki gRhasthajana ghara meM rahate hue apane capala mana ko vaza meM karane meM samartha nahI hote haiM ataeva citta kI zAnti ke lie satpuruSoM ne ghara meM rahanA chor3a diyA hai aura ve ekAnta meM rahakara dhyAnastha hone ko udyamI hue haiN| nirantara pIr3A rUpI ArtadhyAna kI agni ke dAha se durgama, vasane ke ayogya

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anekAnta-55/4 tathA kAma krodhAdi kI kuvAsanA rUpI aMdhakAra se vilupta netroM kI dRSTivAle gharoM meM aneka cintA rUpI jvara se, vikAra rUpa manuSyoM ke apanI AtmA kA hita kadApi siddha nahI ho sakatA hai| (jJAnArNava 4/10, 12) ___ ataeva pravrajyA dhAraNa karanA karmakSaya evaM AtmakalyANa hetu Avazyaka hai| kyA dIkSA Avazyaka hai prAyaH loga bharata cakravartI kA dRSTAnta dekara yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa karate haiM ki digambara mudrA dhAraNa karane kI apekSA bharata cakravartI kI taraha ghara meM virAgI rahA jA sakatA hai| unheM yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki yadi pravrajyA anivArya na hotI to bharata cakravartI bhI ghara meM rahate hue hI mokSa prApta kara lete, parantu unheM bhI pravrajyA dhAraNa karanI hI pdd'ii| etAvatA yaha sunizcita hai ki karma mukti ke lie pravrajyA dhAraNa karanA atyanta anivArya hai| dIkSAvidhi pravrajyA vidhi kA vivecana karate hue mahApurANa meM kahA gayA hai ki'siddhArcanAM puraskRtya sarvAnAhUya smmtaan| tatsAkSi sUnave sarvaM nivedyAto gRhaM tyjet|| -mahA. 38/151 arthAt sarvaprathama siddha bhagavAn kI pUjA karake sabhI iSTa logoM ko bulAkara unakI sAkSI pUrvaka putra ke lie saba sauMpakara gRhatyAga karanA caahie| pravacanasAra meM kundakundAcArya bhI likhate haiM 'Apiccha baMdhuvaggaM vimocido guruklttputtehi| Asijja nnaanndNsnncritttvviiriyaayaarN||' 202 arthAt bandhuvarga se vidA mAMgakara gurUjanoM, patnI tathA putra se mukta hokara jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, caritrAcAra, tapa AcAra evaM vIryAcAra ko aMgIkAra kre| kintu pravacanasAra kI tAtparyavRtti (202) kI TIkA meM jayasenAcArya bandhuvarga se vidA lene ke niyama ko Avazyaka nahI mAnate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki yadi ghara meM koI mithyAdRSTi hotA hai to vaha upasarga karatA hai| athavA yadi koI

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anekAnta-55/4 aisA mAnatA hai ki maiM bandhuvarga ko manAkara pazcAt tapasyA karU~ to usake pracura rUpa se tapasyA nahI ho pAtI hai| aura yadi jaise taise tapasyA ho bhI jAtI hai, parantu vaha kula kA mada karatA hai to vaha tapodhanI nahI bana pAtA hai| isI kI TIkA meM paM. hemarAja ne bhI aise hI bhAva prakaTa kiye haiM ki yahA~ para aisA mata samajhanA ki virakta hove to kuTumba ko rAjI karake hI hove| kuTumba yadi kisI taraha rAjI ne hove taba kuTumba ke bharose rahane se virakta kabhI hoya nahI sktaa| isa kAraNa kuTumba se pUchane kA niyama nahI hai| uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki sAmAnyataH kuTumba se vidA lekara hI dIkSA grahaNa karanA caahie| parantu yadi kuTumba meM koI mithyAdRSTi dIkSA grahaNa karane se roke aura mAne nahI to aisI sthiti meM AtmakalyANa ke lie dIkSA grahaNa kara lenA caahie| kyoMki aisI paristhitiyoM meM kuTumba se AjJA lene kA koI niyama nahI hai| dIkSArthI dvArA sarvaprathama siddhoM kI arcanA kA vidhAna isalie kiyA gayA hai, ki arhanta bhI dIkSA ke samaya siddhoM ko namaskAra karate haiN| kyoMki arhanta bhagavAn meM siddhoM kI apekSA kama guNa haiN| dIkSAnvaya kI kriyAyeM vrata ko dhAraNa karane ke sammukha vyakti vizeSa kI pravRtti se sambandha rakhane vAlI kriyAoM ko dIkSAnvaya kI kriyAyeM kahA jAtA hai| ina kriyAoM kI saMkhyA mahApurANa ke anusAra avatAra se lekara paranirvRtti kriyA taka 48 hai| mithyAtva se dUSita koI bhavya samIcIna mArga ko grahaNa karane ke sammukha ho kinhI munirAja athavA gRhasthAcArya ke pAsa jAkara yathArtha deva-zAstra-guru va dharma ke sambandha meM yogya upadeza prApta karake mithyA mArga se prema haTAtA hai aura samIcIna mArga meM buddhi lagAtA hai| guru hI usa samaya pitA hai aura tattvajJAna rUpa saMskAra hI garbha hai| yahIM yaha bhavya prANI avatAra dhAraNa karatA hai| isI prakAra Age kI kriyAoM kA vivecana huA hai| sabhI kriyAoM ke lie pRthak-pRthak mantroM kA vidhAna hai| anta meM paranirvRtti kriyA vimukta siddha pada kI prApti rUpa hai|

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14 anekAnta-: T-55/4 aniyatavihAra zramaNa kI vihAracaryA meM aniyatavihAra ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| mUlAcAravRtti (8/3) meM kahA gayA hai ki ratnatraya kI vizuddhi ke lie samAna rUpa se sabhI sthAnoM para bhramaNa karate rahanA vihAracaryA hai| 9/31 mUlAcAra meM kahA gayA hai ki aparigrahI muni ko binA kisI apekSA ke havA kI bhAMti laghubhUta hokara muktabhAva se grAma, nagara, vana Adi se yukta pRthvI para samAna rUpa se vicaraNa karate rahanA caahie| bhagavatI ArAdhanA (148 ) meM aniyatavihAra ke guNoM kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki aneka dezoM meM vihAra karane se kSudhAbhAvanA, caryA bhAvanA Adi kA pAlana hotA hai| anyAnya dezoM meM muniyoM ke bhinna-bhinna AcAroM kA jJAna hotA hai tathA vividhabhASAoM meM jIvAdi padArthoM ke pratipAdana kA cAturya prApta hotA hai| aniyatavihArI muni cAritra ke dhAraka hote haiN| unheM dekhakara anya muni bhI cAritra evaM yoga ke dhAraka tathA samyak lezyA vAle banate haiN| isa prakAra aniyatavihAra ke aneka lAbhoM ke carcA zramaNAcAra viSayaka granthoM meM kI gaI hai| ekAkIvihAra niSegha mUlAcAra (4/150 ) meM ekAkIvihAra kA niSedha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki "gamana, Agamana, zayana, Asana, vastugrahaNa, AhAragrahaNa, bhASaNa, malamUtrAdi visarjana ina kAryo meM svacchanda pravRtti karane vAlA koI bhI zramaNa merA zatru bhI ho to bhI ekAkI vihAra na kre| " apanI kamajoriyoM ko chipAne ke lie jo muni svacchanda hokara ekAkI vihAra meM pravRtta hotA hai, vaha doSa prakaTa hone ke bhaya se saMgha meM anya - zramaNoM ke sAtha rahane se DaratA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM aise zramaNoM ko yathAchanda nAmaka pApazramaNa kahA hai| (draSTavya bha. ArAdhanA, gAthA 1310-1312) ekalavihAra kI anumati bhI, para isa paMcama kAla meM nahI jo muni bahukAla se dIkSita hai, jJAna saMhanana aura bhAvanA se balavAn hai,

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anekAnta-55/4 vaha ekala vihArI ho sakatA hai| (AcArasAra 27) / mUlAcAra vRtti (4/149) meM kahA gayA hai ki jo tapoM kI ArAdhanA karate haiM, 14 pUrvo ke jJAtA haiM, kAla kSetra ke anukUla Agama ke jAnakara haiM tathA prAyazcittazAstra (sUtra) ke jJAtA haiN| kisI uttama saMhanana ke dhAraka haiM, kSudhAdi bAdhAoM ko sahana karane meM samartha haiM, aise zramaNa ekala vihAra kara sakate haiN| anya sAdhAraNa muniyoM ko vizeSa rUpa se hIna saMhanana vAle isa paMcama kAla meM ekAkI vihAra kA vidhAna nahI varSAkAla evaM vizeSa paristhitiyoM ke atirikta zramaNa ko sadA vihAra karate rahane kA vidhAna hai tathA ekAkI vihAra kI ghora nindA zAstroM meM kI gaI hai| ekAkI vihAra meM aneka doSoM kI saMbhAvanA hone se hI usakA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| zIghra AcArya bananA cAhane vAle ko pApazramaNa saMjJA mUlAcAra (10/69) meM kahA gayA hai ki jo pahale ziSyatva na karake AcAryattva dhAraNa karane kI jaldI karatA hai, aisA pUrvApara vivekazUnya DhoMDhAcArya madonmatta hAthI ke samAna niraMkuza bhramaNa karatA hai| apane ko AcArya kahane-kahalavAne vAle Agama jJAna se rahita ye pApazramaNa apanA to vinAza karate hI haiM sAtha hI kutsita upadezAdi ke dvArA dUsaroM kA bhI vinAza karate yahA~ para mukhya rUpa se bodhapAhuDa ke AdhAra para evaM jo viSaya bodhapAhuDa meM nahI hai yA svalpa haiM, una para mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, jJAnArNava evaM mahApurANa Adi ke AdhAra para pravrajyA viSayaka varNana saMkSipta rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai pUjya munirAja evaM vidvAn vyApaka rUpa se carcA ke pazcAt kisI niSkarSa para pahu~ca sakate haiM, jisase zithilAcArI sAdhuoM ke dvArA malina hote jA rahe jinazAsana ko bacAyA jA skegaa| -sampAdaka

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syAdvAda -DaoN satyadeva mizra satyAnveSaNa bhAratIyadarzana kA pramukha vaiziSTya hai| dravya aura paryAya-satya ke do pahalU haiN| satya ke isa pakSadvaividhya ko bhAratIya ciMtakoM ne vividha rUpoM meM dekhA hai| advaita vedAnta ne dravya ko pAramArthika satya mAnakara paryAya ko kAlpanika kahA hai| bauddhoM ne paryAya ko pAramArthika batAyA hai, para dravya ko kAlpanika mAnA hai| anya dArzanika ina ekAntika matoM kA khaNDana-maNDana karate pratIta hote haiN| samanvayavAdI jaina ciMtakoM ne satya ko utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta mAnakara' dravya tathA paryAya-donoM kI paramArtha satyatA kA udghoSa kiyA hai tathA svasiddhAnta ko anekAntavAda ke nAma se pratiSThita kiyA hai| anekAntavAda meM 'anta' pada kA artha hai- dharma, ata: anekAntavAda kA zAbdika artha hai-vastu ke aneka yA ananta dharmo kA kthn| jainadarzana ke anusAra pratyeka vastu, cAhe vaha jIva ho yA pudagala, indriya jagat yA AtmAdi, utpAda, vyaya evaM dhrauvyazIla hai tathA nityatA-anityatA, ekatA-anekatA, bhAva-abhAva jaise viruddha dharmo se yukta hai| jo vastu nitya pratIta hotI hai, vaha anitya bhI hai| jo vastu kSaNika dikhAI detI hai, vaha nitya bhI hai| jahA~ nityatA hai, vahA~ anityatA bhI hai| vastu meM ina dvandvAtmaka virodhoM kI mAnyatA anekAntavAda hai aura vastu kI anekAntAtmakatA kA kathana syAdvAda hai| vastutaH 'syAdvAda anekAntavAda kI kathana zailI hai jo vastu ke vicitra kAryoM ko kramazaH vyakta karatI hai aura vividha apekSAoM se unakI satyatA bhI svIkAra karatI hai|' anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| prameyaphalaka para jo anekAntavAda hai, vahI pramANaphalaka para syAdvAda hai| syAdvAda jainadarzana kA eka prAcIna tathA bahucarcita siddhAnta hai| prAcInatama jaina graMthoM meM isakA spaSTa saMketa haiN| bhagavatI sUtra (1229) meM isake tIna bhaGgoM

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anekAnta-55/4 kI carcA hai| bhadrabAhu ne sUtrakRtAr3a. meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| kundakundAcArya ne paJcAstikAya meM tathA samantabhadra ne AptamImAMsA meM syAdvAda ke sAtabhar3oM kA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| siddhasena divAkara, akalaGka, vidyAnandI prabhRti jaina naiyAyikoM ne ise susambaddha siddhAnta kA rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| syAdvAda 'syAt' aura 'vAda'-ina do padoM se niSpanna hai| 'syAt' pada tiDanta pratirUpaka nipAta hai jo anekAnta, vidhi, vicAra Adi aneka arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai| yahA~ yaha 'anekAnta' dyotaka hai|' 'syAt' kvacit (deza) aura kadAcit (kAla) kA bhI vAcaka hotA hai| saMbhAvanA aura saMzaya ke artha meM bhI isakA prayoga prApta hotA hai| syAdvAda ke saMdarbha meM 'syAt' pada, saMzayArthaka nahIM hai| isakA artha hai- anekAnta; aura anekAnta anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA nizcayAtmaka jJAna hai, ata: 'syAt' zabda bhI nizcitArthaka hai| 'syAt' ke isa artha ke sAtha saMbhAvanA aura sApekSatA bhI jur3e hue haiN| __'syAt padakA prayoga kiye binA iSTadharma kI vidhi aura aniSTa dharma kA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, ataH padArtha kA pratipAdana karane vAlI pratyeka vAkyapaddhati ke sAtha 'syAt' pada kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| yaha do arthoM ko sUcita karatA hai 1. vidhizUnya niSedha aura niSedhazUnya vidhi nahIM ho sktii| 2. anvayI dharma (dhrauvya yA sAmAnya) tathA vyatirekI dharma (utpAda aura vyaya yA vizeSa)-ye donoM sApekSa haiN| dhrauvya rahita utpAda-vyaya aura utpAda-vyaya-rahita dhrauvya kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM ho sktaa| vastu kA svarUpa sarvAtmaka nahIM hai, ataH sva-rUpa se usakI vidhi aura pararUpa se usakA niSedha prApta hotA hai| utpAda aura vyaya kA krama niraMtara calatA rahatA hai, ata: utpanna paryAya kI apekSA se vastu kI vidhi aura anutpanna yA vigata paryAya kI apekSA se usakA niSedha prApta hotA hai| 'syAdvAda kA siddhAnta yaha hai ki vidhi aura niSedha vastugata dharma haiN| hama agni kA pratyakSa karate haiM, isalie usakI vidhi kA artha hotA hai ki amuka deza meM agni hai| hama dhUma ke

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anekAnta-55/4 dvArA agni kA anumAna karate haiN| taba sAdhaka-hetu milane para amuka deza meM usakI vidhi aura bAdhaka-hetu milane para usakA niSedha karate haiM kintu syAdvAda kA vidhi-niSedha vastu ke deza-kAla se saMbaddha nahIM hai| yaha usake svarUpa-nirdhAraNa se saMbaddha hai| agni jaba kabhI aura jahAM kahIM bhI hotI hai vaha apane svarUpa se hotI hai, isaliye usakI vidhi usake ghaTakoM para nirbhara hai aura usakA niSedha una tatvoM para nirbhara hai jo usake ghaTaka nahIM haiN| vastu meM vidhi-paryAya hotA hai isaliye vaha apane svarUpa meM rahatI hai aura niSedha-paryAya hotA hai, isaliye usakA svarUpa dUsaroM se AkrAnta nahIM hotaa| yahI vastu kA vastutva hai| isa svarUpagata vizeSatA kI sUcanA 'syAt' zabda detA hai| vibhajyavAda' bhajanAvAda', syAdvAda ke nAmAntara haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne svayaM bhI aneka praznoM ke uttara vibhajyavAda kI paddhati se diye haiN| jayantI ne pUchA-'bhaMte! sonA acchA hai yA jAganA acchA hai? mahAvIra ne kahA 'jayantI! kucha jIvoM kA sonA acchA hai aura kucha jIvoM kA jAganA acchA hai|'' jayantI ne punaH prazna kiyA- bhaMte! yaha kaise? mahAvIra kA uttara thA-'jo jIva adharmI haiM unakA sonA acchA hai aura jo dharmI haiM, unakA jAganA hI acchA hai, yaha ekAMgI uttara hotaa| isaliye mahAvIra ne prazna kA uttara vibhAga karake diyA, ekAMgI dRSTi se nahIM diyaa| bhajanAvAda ke anusAra dravya aura guNa ke bheda evaM abheda kA ekAMgI niyama svIkArya nhiiN| usameM bheda aura abheda donoM haiN| dravya se guNa abhinna haiM, yadi isa niyama ko svIkRti dI jAye, to dravya aura guNa do nahIM rahate, eka ho jAte haiN| phira 'dravya meM 'guNa'-isa prakAra kI vAkya-racanA saMbhava nhiiN| dravya se guNa bhinna haiM, yadi isa niyama ko mAnA jAye, to 'yaha guNa isa dravya kA hai'-isa prakAra kI vAkya-racanA nahIM kI jA sktii| vastu svabhAvataH aneka dharmAtmaka hai| jo vastu madhura pratIta hotI hai, vaha kaTu bhI hai, jo mRdu pratIta hotI hai, vaha kaThora bhI hai| jo dIpaka kSaNa-kSaNa bujhatA aura TimaTimAtA dikhAI par3atA hai, usameM ekAMta kSaNikatA hI nahIM, dravyarUpa se sthiratA bhI hai| 'jo dvandva (yugala) virodhI pratIta hote haiM, unameM

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anekAnta-55/4 19 paraspara avinAbhAva saMbaMdha hai-isa sthApanA ke AdhAra para anekAnta kA siddhAnta ananta virodhI yugaloM ko yugapata rahane kI svIkRti detA hai|12 para ina virodhI yugaloM ko eka sAtha vyakta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| inake yugapat pratipAdana ke liye bhASA meM kramikatA aura sApekSatA caahie| yaha sApekSa kathana yA pratipAdana zailI syAdvAda hai, jisake asti (vidhi), nAsti (niSedha) aura avaktavya Adi ke bheda se adholikhita sAta vikalpa haiM : 1. syAd asti eva - kisI apekSA se hai hii| 2. syAd nAsti eva - kisI apekSA se nahIM hI hai| 3. syAd asti eva syAd nAsti eva - kisI apekSA se hai hI aura kisI apekSA se nahIM hI hai| 4. syAd avaktavya eva - kisI apekSA se avaktavya hI hai| 5. syAd asti eva syAd avaktavya eva -- kisI apekSA se hai hI aura kisI apekSA se avaktavya hI hai| 6. syAd nAsti evaM syAd avaktavya eva - kisI apekSA se nahIM hI hai aura kisI apekSA se avaktavya hI hai| 7. syAd asti eva syAd nAsti eva syAd avaktavya eva - kisI apekSA se hai hI, kisI apekSA se nahIM hI hai aura kisI apekSA se avaktavya hI hai| ye vacana vikalpa saptabhaMgI ke nAma se prasiddha hai| inameM prathama cAra mUla aMga hai aura aMtima tIna inhIM ke vistAra haiN| mUla aMgoM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke liye eka vyAvahArika udAharaNa prastuta hai tIna vyakti eka sthAna para khar3e haiN| kisI Agantuka ne pUchA- 'kyA Apa inake pitA haiM? usane uttara diyA-'hA~ (syAdasmi)-apane isa putra kI apekSA se maiM pitA hU~ kintu ina pitAjI kI apekSA se maiM pitA nahIM hU~ (syAdasmi-nAsmi), kintu eka sAtha donoM bAteM nahIM kahI jA sakatI (syAdavaktavyaH) isIliye kyA kahU~?'

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anekAnta-55/4 syAdvAda kA eka zAstrIya udAharaNa hai-ghaTa, jisakA svarUpa-niyamana jaina dArzanika saptabhaMgI ke mAdhyama se isa prakAra hai syAd asti eva ghaTaH - kathaMcid ghaTa hai hii| syAd nAsti eva ghaTaH - kathaMcid ghaTa nahIM hI hai| syAd asti eva ghaTaH syAnnAsti eva ghaTa: - kathaMcit ghaTa hai hI aura kathaMcid ghaTa nahIM hI hai| syAdavaktavya eva ghaTa: - kathaMcid ghaTa avaktavya hI hai syAd asti eva ghaTaH syAd avaktavya eva ghaTa: - kathaMcid ghaTa hai hI aura kathaMcita ghaTa avaktavya hI hai| syAnnAsti eva ghaTaH syAdavaktavya eva ghaTa: - kathaMcid ghaTa nahIM hI hai aura kathaMcid ghaTa avaktavya hI hai| syAd asti eva ghaTaH syAnnAsti eva ghaTa syAdavaktavya eva ghaTa: - kathaMcid ghaTa hai kathaMcid ghaTa nahIM hI hai aura kathaMcid ghaTa avaktavya hI 'syAd asti eva ghaTa:' kathaMcid ghaTa hai hii| isa vAkya meM 'ghaTa' vizeSya aura 'asti' vizeSaNa hai, 'evakAra' vizeSaNa se yukta hokara ghaTa ke astitva dharma kA avadhAraNa karatA hai| yadi isa vAkya meM 'syAt' kA prayoga nahIM hotA to 'astitva-ekAntavAda' kA prasaMga A jAtA, jo iSTa nahIM hai| kyoMki ghaTa meM kevala astitva dharma nahIM hai, usake atirikta anya dharma bhI usameM hai| 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga isa Apatti ko nirasta kara detA hai| 'evakAra' ke dvArA sImita artha ko vaha vyApaka banA detA hai| vivakSita dharma kA asaMdigdha pratipAdana aura avivakSita aneka dharma kA asaMdigdha pratipAdana aura avivakSita aneka dharmoM kA saMgrahaNa-ina donoM kI niSpatti ke liye 'syAtkAra' aura 'evakAra' kA samanvita prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| saptabhaMgI ke prathama aMga meM vidhi kI aura dUsare meM niSedha kI kalpanA hai| prathamaaMga meM vidhi pradhAna hai aura dUsare meM nissedh| vastu svarUpa zUnya nahIM hai

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anekAnta-55/4 isaliye vidhi kI pradhAnatA se usakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai aura vaha sarvAtmaka nahIM hai, ataH niSedha kI pradhAnatA se usakA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai| jaise vidhi vastu kA dharma hai vaise hI niSedha bhI vastu kA dharma hai| sva-dravya kI apekSA se ghaTa kA astitva hai| yaha vidhi hai| para pratyaya bhI hai| yaha niSedha hai| isakA artha yaha huA ki niSedha ApekSika paryAya hai-dUsare ke nimitta se hone vAlI paryAya hai| kintu vastutaH aisA nahIM hai| niSedha kI zakti dravya meM nihita hai| dravya yadi astitvadharmI ho aura nAstitvadharmI na ho to vaha apane dravyatva ko banAe nahIM rakha sktaa| niSedha 'para' kI apekSA se vyavahata hotA hai, isaliye use ApekSika yA para-nimittaka paryAya kahate haiN| vaha vastu ke surakSA-kavaca kA kAma karatA hai; eka ke astitva meM dUsare ko mizrita nahIM hone detaa| 'sva-dravya kI apekSA se ghaTa hai' aura 'para dravya kI apekSA se ghaTa nahIM hai'-ye donoM vikalpa isa saccAI ko prakaTa karate haiM ki ghaTa sApekSa hai| vaha sApekSa hai isaliye yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jisa kSaNa meM usakA astitva hai usa kSaNa meM usakA nAstitva nahIM hai| astitva aura nAstitva (vidhi ora niSedha)-donoM yugapat haiN| kintu eka kSaNa meM eka sAtha donoM kA pratipAdana kara sake-aisA koI zabda nahIM hai| isaliye yugapat donoM dharmoM kA bodha karAne ke liye avaktavya aMga kA prayoga hotA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki donoM dharma eka sAtha haiM, kintu unakA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai|'' ukta vivecana kA sAra yaha hai ki syAdvAda ke asti, nAsti aura avaktavya Adi aMga;ghaTavastu ke dravya, kSetra, kAla tathA paryAya para nirbhara karate haiN| ghaTa jisa dravya se nirmita hai, jisa kSetra, kAla aura paryAya meM hai, usa dravya, kSetra, kAla aura paryAya kI dRSTi se anya-kAla aura anya-paryAya kI apekSA se usakA nAstitva hai| isa prakAra ghaTa meM astitva-nAstitva donoM haiM, aura ina yugala dharmoM ko eka sAtha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ataH vaha (ghaTa) avaktavya bhI hai| asti, nAsti tathA avaktavya - ye tIna mUla aMga haiN| zeSa cAra aMga inhIM aMgoM ke yoga-ayoga se niSpanna hote haiN| ata: unakA vivecana merI dRSTi meM kathaMcit anAvazyaka hai| saptabhaMgoM se ghaTAdi vastu ke samagra bhAvAbhAvAtmaka,

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anekAnta-55/4 sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka nityAnityAtmaka aura vAcyAvAcyAtmaka dharmoM kA yugapat kathana saMbhava hai| vivecita udAharaNoM se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki syAdvAda kA mahatva jitanA darzana kI gaMbhIra paheliyoM ko sulajhAne meM hai, utanA hI jIvana kI jaTila samasyAoM kA nirAkaraNa karane meM bhI hai| yaha anubhavagamya tathA sApekSasiddha hone ke kAraNa vyAvahArika jagat kI bhASA hai, tathApi sAmpradAyika Agraha ke kAraNa katipaya dArzanikoM ne isakI kaTu AlocanA kI hai| zAntarakSita ne saptabhaMgInaya ko unmatta vyakti kA pralApa kahA hai kyoMki yaha satva-asatva, astitva-nAstitva, eka-aneka, bheda-abheda tathA sAmAnya-vizeSa jaise virodhI dharmoM ko ekatra sameTane kA upakrama karatA hai|" zaMkarAcArya ne syAdvAda ko saMzayavAda kA paryAya mAna liyA hai tathA isake khaNDana meM yaha kahA hai ki eka vastu meM zIta va uSNa ke samAna virodhI dharma yugapat nahIM raha skte| vastu ko virodhI dharmoM se yukta mAnakara svarga aura mokSa meM bhI vikalpataH bhAva-abhAva aura nityatA-anityatA kI prasakti hogii| svargAdi ke vAstavika svarUpa kI avadhAraNA ke abhAva meM kisI kI inameM pravRtti nahIM ho sktii| isI prakAra vizvasanIyatA evaM avizvasanIyatA ke vikalpoM se vyAhata Arhatamata bhI agrAhya hogaa| rAmAnujAcArya ke anusAra bhI syAdvAda ayauktika hai kyoMki chAyA tathA Atapa ke samAna viruddha astitva tathA nAstitvAdi dharmo kA yugapad honA asaMbhava hai| tAtvika dRSTi se vicAra karane para ye AlocanAyeM asaMgata siddha hotI haiN|20 syAdvAda vastu ko eka hI apekSA se zIta-uSNa nahIM khtaa| jala zItala hai, isakA artha yaha hai ki vaha garama dUdha yA cAya kI apekSA zItala hai| jala uSNa hai, isakA artha hai ki vaha barapha kI apekSA garama hai| yaha nahIM ki jala meM zItalatA aura uSNatA eka sAtha vidyamAna haiN| vastuta: jala anya vastu kI apekSA se zItala aura uSNa hai| isa apekSA bheda ko na samajhane ke kAraNa hI zAMtarakSita Adi ne syAdvAda kA virodha kiyA hai| malliSeNa ne ina AlocanAoM kA uttara dete hue kahA hai ki vastu ke satva kA abhidhAna usa (vastu) ke rUpa-dravya-kSetra-kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se hotA hai, aura usake asattva kA abhidhAna anya (vastu) ke

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anekAnta-55/4 rUpa-dravya-kSetra-kAla evaM bhAva kI apekSA se kiyA jAtA hai, ata: virodha kA avakAza kahA~ hai? 'syAt' kA artha, jaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai, na 'zAyada' hai, na 'saMbhavataH hai, aura na 'kadAcit hai| syAdvAda ke saMdarbha meM yaha 'kathaMcit yA 'kisI apekSA' kA vAcaka hai| isaliye 'syAdvAda' ko saMzayavAda kahanA bhrAmaka hai| jahA~ saMzaya hotA hai, vahA~ paraspara virodhI aneka dharmo kA yugapat zaMkAtmaka jJAna hotA hai, kyoMki saMzaya sAdhaka aura bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva hone se anizcita aneka aMzoM kA sparza karatA hai aura anirNayAtmaka sthiti meM rahatA hai| syAdvAda meM yaha nahIM hotaa| yahA~ paraspara viruddha sApekSa, dharmoM kA nizcita jJAna hotA hai| vaha apekSAoM ke bIca asthira na rahakara nizcita praNAlI ke anusAra vastu kA bodha karatA hai| syAdvAda meM nizcaya hai, ataH ise anizcayAtmaka saMzayavAda mAnanA sarvathA anucita hai| zaMkarAcArya ke dvArA syAdvAda kI AlocanA aura bhI azobhanIya lagatI hai kyoMki unhoMne svayaM bhI paramArtha tathA vyavahAra kI apekSA se nAma rUpAtmaka jagat ke mithyAtva aura satyatva kA siddhAnta pratipAdita kiyA hai tathA unake anirvacanIyatAvAda para syAdvAda ke pramukha aMgoM kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| _ vidvAnoM ne syAdvAda kI tulanA bhartRprapazca, nAgArjuna, hIgela, kANTa, braiDale, spensara, hereklAipsa, hvAiTaheDa prabhRti dArzanikoM ke vicAroM se kahI hai| para yaha eka anya lekha kA viSaya hai, ataH isakI carcA yahA~ ucita nahIM hai| vaijJAnika sApekSavAda ke saMdarbha meM syAdvAda kA adhyayana atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| vaijJAnikoM ne isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA hai ki hama vastu ke svarUpa ko ekAntadRSTi se nahIM, apitu anekAntadRSTi se hI jAna sakate haiM aura vizleSaNa kara sakate haiN| vijJAna kI prayogazAlA meM yaha tathya sAmane AyA hai ki vastu meM aneka dharma aura guNa bhare hue haiN| prasiddha vaijJAnika AinsaTAIna Adi ne vizva meM vyApta sApekSatA ke siddhAnta kI khoja dvArA eka choTe-se paramANu taka meM anaMta zakti aura guNoM kA honA siddha kara diyA hai|24 prophesara pI. sI. mahAjanabIsa ne syAdvAda kI saptabhaMgI ko sAMkhyikI (Statistics) siddhAnta ke

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24 AdhAra para prastuta kiyA hai| 25 prastuta adhyayana kA niSkarSa yaha hai ki syAdvAda vastu-dharma vizleSaNa kA vyAvahArika tathA vaijJAnika siddhAnta hai, aura apanI ina vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI yaha utkRSTa evaM lokapriya bhAratIya ciMtana kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| 1 utpAdavyayadhrauvyuktaM sat (tattvArtha, 5, 29 ) 2. anekAntAtmakArthaM kathana syAdvAda : (AcArya akalaGga; laghIyastraya, 62 ) 3 madhukara muni, anekAntadarzana, pR 20 4 sa ca liDanta ( tiDanta) pratirUpako nipAtaH / tasyAnekAntavidhicArAdiSu bahuetrartheSu sabhavatsa, Daha vivakSAvazAt anekAntArtho gRhyate / (tatvArthavArtika, 4, 42 ) siyAsoM NivAyantAdo jadi vi aNegesa, atthesa, vaTTade, to vi ettha kattha vi kAle desetti edaMsu atthesu, baTTamANo dhantavvo / (kasAyapAhuDa, bhAga 9, pRSTha 360) syAdvAdo nizcitArthasya apekSita yAthAtathya vstuvaaditvaad| (tatvArtha vArtika 19 ) svaparAtmopAdAnApohana vyavasthApAdya hi vastuno vastutvam (tattvArthavArtika, 16 ) 7 8 muninathamala jaina nyAya kA vikAsa, pR 67 9 sUyagaDo, 114.22 5 6 10 kasAyapAhuDa bhAga 1, pRSTha 281 11 bhagavaI 12, 43, 54 12 muni nathamala jaina nyAya kA vikAsa, pR 68 13 14 muni nathamala jaina nyAya kA vikAsa, pR 70 15 vahI, pRSTha 70-71 16 17 tattvasagraha, 311-326 saptabhiH prakArairvacanavinyAsaH saptabhagI (syAdvAda-maJjarI) yazovijaya, jainatarka bhASA, 19-20 anekAnta-55/4 18 bahmasUtra zAGkarabhASya, 2233 19 ekasminavastuni astitvAnastitvAdervirUddhasyacchAyAtapavadyugapadasabhavAt (zArIrakabhASya, 2239) 20 S Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy, Vol 1, P304 21 svarUpadravyakSetrakAlabhAvaiH sattvam pararUpadravyakSetrakAlabhAvaistvastvam, tadA kva virodhAvakAzaH (syAdvAda maJjarI, pR 1761 tulanIya, syAdvAdamuktAvalI, 119-22) 22 madhukaramuni, anekAntadarzana, pR. 25-26 23 TG Kalghatgi, Jaina View of Life, PP 23-32, 24 anekAntadarzana, pR 27 tathA jainAnyAya kA vikAsa, pR. 72 25 anekAntadarzana, pR. 29 26 jainanyAya kA vikAsa, pR 75-77 kulapati rAjasthAna saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura

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170 varSa pUrva uttarI bhArata meM digambara jaina muniyoM kA vihAra -anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha bIsavIM sadI ke prathama AcArya 108 cAritra cakravartI zrI zAMti sAgara jI, munirAja kahe jAte haiM jo uttarI bhArata meM padhAre the-kahA jAtA hai ki isase pahale koI munirAja uttarI bhArata meM nahIM aaye| vikrama saMvat 1989 meM 108 AcArya zAMtisAgarajI mahArAja kA sasaMgha (sAta munirAja, kSullaka ailaka AryikA mAtA jI brahmacArI evaM brahmacAriNI bahineM) cAturmAsa rAjasthAna kI gulAbI nagarI jayapura meM huA thaa| usa samaya merI Ayu 10 varSa kI thI-logoM ke mukha se sunA karatA thA ki isase pahile koI digambara munirAja idhara nahIM aaye| prathama bAra Ane vAle zAMti sAgara jI mahArAja hI haiN| idhara rAjasthAna ke digambara jaina graMtha bhaNDAroM kI, sAhitya zodhavibhAga zrI mahAvIra jI (rAja.) ke mAdhyama se sUcI banAte samaya mujhe tathA mere parama mitra evaM sahayogI sva. DA. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla ko vikrama saMvat-1889 kI eka adhUrI kAvyakRti jisameM eka sau ninyAnave (199) pada haiM prApta huii| prApta racanA pada saM. 90 se prAraMbha hotI hai-usase pUrva ke 89 pada upalabdha nahIM haiN| prApta racanA DA. kAsalIvAla ne eka rajisTara meM likhI thI jise maiMne alaga se rajisTara se likha liyA thaa| DA. sAhaba ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt unake saMgrahAlaya meM vaha rajisTara upalabdha nahIM ho rhaa| mere dvArA kI gaI adhUrI racanA kI nakala ke AdhAra para yaha tathyAtmaka lekha prastuta hai| yadi kinhIM sajjana ke pAsa prAraMbha ke 89 padya upalabdha hoM to sUcita karane kA kaSTa kreN| ukta racanA vaizAkhasudI tIja (akSaya tRtIyA) saMvata 1889 kI hai jise sAMgAnera meM saMgahI bhavanadAsa kI preraNA se kathArUpa meM likhI (caupAI meM) racanA jJAna jhAMjharI ko bhASA rUpa karane ko dI gayI phira ise mayArAma ne kAvya

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26 anekAnta-55/4 rUpa meM likhaa| racanA saMbaMdhI padya nimna prakAra hai"saMvata ThArAsai nivAsI akhatIja guruvAra kA dina meM sAMgAnerisuthAna mAMhi saMgahI bhavanadAsa dhari mana meN| tAkA bali sukarI kathA yA caupaI duhA chaMda aDila meM mana thiratA sUM dekhi vacanakA kari dharI bhASA yA tana meN|| (1/198)" jyo baMco so sodhi akSarakU bhUli-cUki saba mAphi jathI jyo, cIThI saupI jJAna jhAMjharI tAkI chAyA bhASA kiijyo| pusapAma su phUla bIca jo lekari akSara lagatA dharije, jasaratha suta ke Adi ke dou meli nAMva karatA ko liijo| racanAkAra ne apanA nAma aMtima do paMktiyoM meM diyA hai- puSpoM meM se phUla kA bIca kA akSara kamala, Age akSara 'yA' jsrthsut-raam| mayArAma-racanAkAra racanA kI pratilipi saM. 1890 meM campArAma chAbar3A ne kI " iti zrI manirAjA kI kathA sNpuurnn|| mitI jyeThasudI 14 dItavAra saMvat 1890 campArAma chAbar3A jo bAcojIna paMthA jukta vaMcijyo" racanA DhUMDhArI bhASA meM hai-dohA, DhAla, caupAI aDilla Adi chaMdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ukta racanA ke dohA saM. 90 se pratIta hotA hai ki munigaNa saMdhyA samaya sAmAyika meM baiThe haiM-zraddhAluoM ko unake Ane kI sUcanA milI to rAtri ko hI darzanArtha pahuMca gaye tathA vinatI pATha par3ha kara A gye| dUsare dina mAgha zu. 6 maMgalavAra ko prAta: do ghar3I dina car3hane ke pazcAt sAmAyika se uThakara janatA ko darzana diye, janatA ko dharmopadeza diyaa| munirAja jayapura meM sUrajapola daravAje bAhara (galatAroDa) mohanabAr3I meM virAje the| AhAra kI belA hone para nagara meM AhAra lene aaye|

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anekAnta-55/4 munirAja jayapura meM kahA~ se Aye yaha sUcanA upalabdha nahIM hai| saMgha meM do munirAja vRSabhasena tatha bAhubali jI the| vRSabhasena munirAja kA AhAra baida saMgahI hIrAlAla ke yahAM tathA bAhubali munirAja kA AhAraghAsIrAma khindUkA ke yahA~ huaa| donoM hI samAja ke pramukha vyakti the| "bakhata huI jaba AhAra kI jayapura mAMhI Aya, baida saMgahI hIrAlAla ke vRSabhasena muni paay''|| 97 / / khindUkA ghAsIrAma ke pUrva kahI jihiM cAla bAhubalajI leyake kara-pAtara meM graasaa|| 98 / / AhAra lekara donoM munirAja rAmagaMja kI caupaDa (kuNDa) para hokara rAste meM digambara jaina mandira pATaniyAM (dUDhiyoM) ke darzana karate hue vApasa mohana bAr3I gye| dina meM janatA ko dharmApadeza diyA tathA saMdhyA kI sAmAyika meM baiTha gye| dUsare dina mAgha zu. 7 budhavAra ko prAtaH dharmopadeza dekara AhAra ke nimitta jayapura nagara meM Aye tathA zyolAlajI bakhzI ke vRSabhasena jI tathA sarupacanda khindUkA (pATanI) ke yahA~ bAhubali munirAja kA AhAra huaa| __ AhAra ke pazcAt jayapura nagara ke sabase prAcIna evaM prasiddha gaMgApola daravAje se hokara bAsa badanapurA kI prasiddha jaina nasiyA gye| saMvat 1880 se 1890 ke bIca nirmitta saMgahI jI kI nasiyAM, hukamacanda baja kI nasiyAM tathA nandalAla (chAbar3A) jhAlarAvAlI nasiyAM ke darzana kiye dharmopadeza diyA tathA vahAM se bihAra kara mAnasAgara bAMdha (jalamahala) kI pAla se bAMdha kI ghATI se pannAmiyAM kI sarAya hokara Amera ke bAhara digambara jaina nasiyAM kArtistambha phuNce| yahAM Amera gaddI ke bhaTArakoM kI samAdhiyAM tathA viM saM. 4 se lekara 1882 taka ke mUlasaMgha ke bhaTTArakoM kA aitihAsika staMbha hai| samAja ke supratiSThita vyakti zrI viradhIcanda saMgahI mAlAvata nasiyA darzanArtha gaye tathA sammAna pUrvaka Amera nagara meM maMgala praveza kraayaa| jayapura se pUrva Amera rAjadhAnI thii|

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28 munirAja sasaMgha Amera meM hIrAlAla saMgahI kI vikhyAta havelI para Aye aura use mandira samajha kara paira dhokara aMdara praveza kiyaa| saMdhyA ho calI thI ataH munirAja vahIM sAmAyika meM baiTha gye| prAtaH vahAM se uThakara mandira jAkara darzana kiye| 1008 bhagavAna neminAtha - zyAmaprabhu (sAMvalA jI ) ke darzanakara ati prasanna munirAjoM ne vahIM sAmAyika kI / anekAnta - 55/4 noTa 'Amera meM sAMvalAjI ke mandira ke pahile mArga meM saMgahI hIrAlAla jI kI havelI Aja bhI vidyamAna hai, jisake sAmane tIna uttuMga zikhara vAlA digambara jaina mandira saMgahI jI kA hai jisameM vyAsa kI garadI meM ziva piMDI padharA kara bhraSTa kiyA gayA hai| aba yaha mandira purAtattva vibhAga kI saMpatti hai|" - " viradhIcanda saMgahI ne havelI meM caukA lagAyA tathA jayapura se eka jaina - agravAla baMdhu ne bhI pahuMca kara caukA lagAyA / agravAla baMdhu ne munirAja ko AhAra dekara hI anna-jala grahaNa karane kI pratijJA le rakhI thii| munirAja zuddhi karake jinapratimA ke caraNa sparza kara AhAra ke liye nikale to viradhIcanda saMgahI ne sarapara kalaza rakhakara par3agAhA tathA navadhA bhakti pUrvaka vRSabhasena munirAja ko AhAra kraayaa| bAhubali munirAja kA AhAra bhI niraMtarAya agravAla baMdhu ke yahAM huaa| munirAja AhAra lekara bAhara nikale to apAra darzanArthiyoM kI bhIr3a thii| darzana dekara aMbAvatI (Amera) grAma kI ora bihAra kiyaa| sAIvAr3a pahuMcakara sAmAyika kI tathA sAtha meM jA rahe jana samUha ko vApasa jAne ko khaa| mitI mAgha zuklA navamI zukravAra ko prAtaH sAmAyika se uThakara logoM ko darzana diye| sAIvAr3a grAmavAsiyoM ne munirAja ke darzana kara maMgala-gIta pada vinatI Adi gaaye| munirAja kA sabhI ne pravacana sunA / sAIvAr3a meM muniyoM ko AhAra dene ke liye bhavAnIrAma caudharI sapatnI phuNce| patnI caudharAyaNa ne muniyoM ko AhAra dekara annajala grahaNa karane kI

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anekAnta-55/4 pratijJA le rakhI thii| usane navadhA bhakti pUrvaka munirAja vRSabhasena ko AhAra diyaa| 29 sAIvAr3a ke zrAvakoM ne dUsare munirAja bAhubali ko navadhA bhakti pUrvaka AhAra diyA tathA unase koI Akhar3I pratijJA dene ko khaa| munirAja ne kahA thA ki saba jIvoM ke prati dayA bhAva rkho| munisaMgha kI bhAvanA tIrtharAja sammeda zikharajI ko jAne kI thI ataH sAIvAr3a se bihAra kara Age bddh'e| sAIvAr3a ke zrAvaka dUra taka chor3ane gaye / sAIvAr3a Amera se nAhaTA hokara 9 ki.mI. dUra hai| yahAM saM. 1748 meM dIvAna rAmacandra chAvar3A dvArA nirmita zikhara baMda mandira hai| yahAM kAsalIvAla evaM godhA gotrI parivAra haiN| munirAja aneka gAMvo meM vihAra karate hue nikale jahAM jainoM ke ghara tathA mandira Aye vahAM navadhA bhakti pUrvaka AhAra kI vyavasthA ho jAtI tathA jahAM vyavasthA nahIM hotI munirAja upavAsa rakhate / muni saMgha kI AhAra kI vyavasthA ke liye karNATaka deza ke paMco ne vyavasthA kI unhoMne saMtIlAla usakI patnI tathA eka brAhmaNa evaM eka vyAsa ko kharcA dekara, do TaTTu sAmAna rakhane ko sAtha meM diye tathA unase kaha diyA ki tuma loga jahAM kahIM zrAvaka cauke kI vyavasthA nahIM kara sake vahAM munirAja ke AhAra kI vyavasthA karo - inake sAtha tuma bhI sammeda zikharajI kI yAtrA kara lenaa| " karNATaka ke desa ke, paMca kiyA chai saath| kharacI soMpI kharacakUM, rAkho thAMkai hAtha" saMtIlAla phuni bhArijyA, virAmaNa, vyAsa ju bheSa dhAra bAI mile, TaTu lyAye doya" jIThai zrAvaka nai, kareM AhAra guru kAja / sAMtari sArI the karo, pur3agAho munirAja " doya

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anekAnta-55/4 the bhI tIratha Dhoki jyo, TheTha zikharajI jaay| jyAMkA punya prabhAva sUM sukha saMpadA paay||" (137-140) saMtIlAla ke kathanAnusAra vRSabhasena munirAja to gRhastha avasthA meM vratAdi karake muni bane the, ve jaina jAti ke the aura bAhubali munirAja jAti se rAjapUta the tathA 40 varSa kI Ayu meM dIkSA lI thii| vRSabhasena munirAja kI Ayu usa samaya 65 varSa kI thI arthAt unhoMne 42 varSa kI Ayu meM dIkSA lI thii| bAhubali munirAja ne 28 varSa kI Ayu meM dIkSA lii| vihAra karate hue saMgha mathurA pahu~cA, vahAM eka munirAja aura mila gaye ata: vahAM tIna muni ho gye| saMgha hAr3otI pradeza (koTA-bUMdI)ke sunArA gAMva meM AyA-vahAM kI jaina samAja ne zraddhApUrvaka cAturmAsa saMpanna kraayaa| cAturmAsa samApta kara donoM muni punaH mathurA A gye| mathurA ke samIpa uvarA' gAMva nivAsI eka lAlacanda jaina, jo paiMtIsa varSa kA yuvaka thA, usane munirAja kI zAMta mudrA dekha muni dIkSA lenI caahii| usane munirAja ke samakSa NamokAra mahAmaMtra par3hakara sAre vastra utAra diye aura muni dIkSA dene kI prArthanA kI tathA saMgha ke sAtha sammeda-zikhara bhI jAne kI bAta khii| muni vRSabhasena jI ne kahA-tuma pahale giranArajI kSetra kI vaMdanA karake Ao-yaha paMcama kAla hai vratoM kI pUrI pakAI ke pazcAt hI dIkSA yogya hai| ___ munirAja vRSabhasena jI ne yaha bhI kahA ki tuma giranAra kSetra se lauTakara Ao-yadi hama jIvita rahe to apanA punaH milana ho jAegA taba ApakI dIkSA hogI "meha bhI khicyA AvasyA, rahasI to prjaay| samAgama sabako mile, jaba diSyA paay||" 163 yaha sunakara svayaM dIkSita lAlacanda ne guruoM ko namaskAra kara mathurA se

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anekAnta-55/4 vihAra kiyA tathA apanA nAma muni balabhadra ghoSita kara diyaa| balabhadra munirAja tIrtharAja sammeda zikhara kI yAtrA kA dRr3ha bhAva lekara pahile giranAra kSetra kI yAtrA para ravAnA hue aura pada vihAra karate hue alavara nagara meM aaye| vahAM una para rAjya ke sevakoM kI ora se ghora upasarga kiyA gayA-unheM nagna dekha logo ne pAgala (bAvalA) kaha diyA-tIna dina tAle meM baMda rakhA, kiMtu upasarga sahana kiyA-upha taka nahIM kI-dhyAnArUr3ha rahe tathA mana meM socate rahe ki svarNa tapAne para hI kundana banatA hai| isa saMdarbha meM nimna pada dekhiye "balabhadara jI cAlike, Aye alavara shr| tyAM ke UparirAja kA atibarasAyo khr|| 199 / / kara cAkarI rAja kI, sahalavAra kI jaat| dukha dInU munirAja dinAtIna puniraat| 197 / / ajJAnI mUrakhi kahI, nAgataNA ko hoy| cali Ayo I sahara meM tIsu upasarga hoy|| 198 / / jAni bAvalo ati dukha diye kapaDA lyAkara phraay| isI bhAMtidukha bhugatyA gurAM, karatA suM saba kaheM sunaay|| yAM ke to kucha khAtira nahi upasarga ke sAmo jAya sonu tapyAsuM sudha hoMya, tAba sahyA suM kundana hoy|| munirAja kI tapasyA ke puNya prabhAva se kisI deva kI chAyA unake zarIra meM praveza kI tathA sArA upasarga dUra kiyA-alavara ke saba paMca loga munirAja ke pairoM meM pdd'e| tapasvI ziromaNi aise guru para upasarga hone ke kAraNa prAyazcitta svarUpa candrAyaNa vrata kiyA gyaa| alavara se vihAra kara muni balabhadra jI ne rAjasthAna meM praveza kiyaa| (saMbhavataH usa samaya alavara rAjasthAna meM nahIM ho) unake hRdaya meM rAjasthAna (jayapura) ke mandiroM ke darzana kI tIvra icchA thii|

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32 anekAnta-55/4 vihAra karate hue munirAja ne caitra kRSNA dazamI ko Amera meM praveza kiyA, jisakI sUcanA sAyaMkAla taka jayapura nagara meM pahu~ca gii| munirAja ne Amera ke mandiroM ke darzana kiye| jayapura ke tatkAlIna pramukha samAja sevI zrI haracandasAha anya logoM ke sAtha munirAja ko lene Amera pahu~ce aura vahAM se lAkara rANA jI kI chatriyoM ke sAmane nasiyAM meM ThaharAyA, jahAM jayapura se darzanArthI Aye aura dharma lAbha liyaa| caitra kR. 11 maMgalavAra ko jayapura meM haracanda sAha ke yahAM AhAra lekara muni zrI nasiyAM vApasa A gaye jahAM dharmopadeza huA tathA carcA huii| caitra kR. dUsarI gyArasa(11) budhavAra ko tanasukha pAMDe ke yahAM AhAra huA tathA mandira ke darzana kiye| anya logoM ne bhI bhakti pUrvaka darzana vaMdanA kI tathA yaha dekhakara Azcarya cakita raha gaye ki isa paMcama kAla meM bhI aise mahAna tapasvI munirAja birale hI haiN| upasarga kI carcA sunakara to logoM meM aura bhI zraddhA bddh'ii| "dekha chabi manirAja kI, uchava mana meM joy| aise paMcama kAla meM, birale munivara hoy|| 180 / / caitra badI 12 guruvAra ko sAmAyika se uThe dharmopadeza diyA tathA AhAra kI belA hone para darzanAthI uThakara A gye| munirAja AhAra caryA kI mudrA meM nagara kI ora Aye to pannAlAla bar3ajAtyA ne munirAja ko par3agAhA tathA navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra diyaa| caitra kRSNA 13 ko mohanalAla kAlA ke yahA~ AhAra lekara nasiyAM vApasa aaye| dUsare dina caitra kRSNA caturdazI zanivAra ko jayapura ke prasiddha dIvAna amaracaMda jI pATanI ke yahAM AhAra huaa| dIvAna jI ke mandira meM darzana kiye-vahAM racanA dekhI tathA caturdazI ko hone vAlI maNDala pUjA sunI, tANDava-nRtya dekhA bhajana Adi sune| dIvAna amaracanda jI kA mandira jayapura

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anekAnta-55/4 33 ke lAlajI sA~r3a ke rAste meM hai, jahAM 1008 bhagavAna candra prabha kI zveta pASANa kI vizAla padmAsana pratimA saM. 1883 meM dIvAna amaracanda dvArA pratiSThApita hai| caitra kRSNA amAvasyA ko munizrI ne jayapura se vihAra kiyA-zraddhAlujana ajamera roDa sthita nATANI ke bAr3A taka gaye-vahAM se mahArAja ne bhaktoM ko vApasa bhejaa| "nATANyAM kA bAgasUM daI paMcAnai sIkha dayA bhAva tuma rAkhajyo, mAtra jIva para ThIka" || 189 / / noTa - jayapura riyAsata ke samaya rAjya ke pramukha dIvAna mukhyamaMtrI Adi isa bAga meM hI nivAsa karate the| yahAM AratarAma sonI ne navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra diyaa| ____ 108 muni zrI balabhadra jI mahArAja nATANI ke bAga se prasthAna kara, giranAra kSetra kI yAtrArtha Age bar3he-kramaza: giranAra jI kI yAtrA kii| apanI pratijJAnusAra muni zrI ne zikhara jI ke liye prasthAna kiyA aura mArga meM campApura, pAvApura Adi kSetroM kI yAtrA karate hue sammeda zikhara pahu~ce, jahAM tInoM munirAja ekatra ho gaye-vRSabhasena jI, bAhubali jI tathA balabhadra jI "gAMva bAvaDA paha~ca ke krodha dAvilyo gyaan| IThAsU va guru gaye, sAmAyika dhari dhyaan|| 152 balibhadara munirAja kI kahI bodha kI baan| nemanAtha giranArajI, jADho kI krijaat|| 153 pAvApura caMpApurI bici bici tIratha or| DheThi zikharajI poMcasI tInamunyA kI jodd|| 154 aMta meM aSTa dravya kI pUjA kA mahatva batAte hue racanA ko samApta kiyA hai| upasaMhAra ukta racanA ke prAraMbhika pada nahIM hone se yaha to jJAta nahIM hotA hai ki

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34 anekAnta-55/4 ukta do munirAja vRSabhasena evaM bAhubali jayapura meM mohanabAr3I meM kahAM se vihAra karate hue Aye, kiMtu racanA ke aitihAsika hone meM koI saMdeha pratIta nahIM hotaa| racanA meM jayapura ke tatkAlIna vibhinna puruSoM, jaina dIvAnoM kA tithivAra mahattvapUrNa ullekha hai, jo tathyAtmaka hai| racanA se tatkAlIna sAmAjika vyavasthA, muniyoM ke prati zraddhA, AgamAnusAra municaryA svayaM dIkSita ho jAnA, tIrtha yAtrAoM ke prati rujhAna, muniyo kI AjJA kA pAlana, AhAra ke pUrva zuddhi karanA, mArga meM bhojana Adi kI vyavasthA ke liye saMgha meM parigraha sAtha rahanA, ajainoM dvArA jina dIkSA lenA, alavara meM nagna muni para upasarga honA tathA munirAja ko tIna dina tAle meM baMda rakhanA, jayapura, Amera, sAIvAr3a, mathurA, sunArA, uvarA Adi grAmoM kI jAnakArI tathA sAdhuoM ke prati aTUTa zraddhA kA patA calatA hai| yadi aisI racanAe~ aura bhI mileM to prakAza meM lAne kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| noTa - racanA meM jayapura ke saM. 1880 se 1890 ke bIca meM hone vAle viziSTa vyakti vaida hIrAlAla saMgahI, svarUpa canda pATanI, biradhIcanda saMghI mAlAvata, amaracanda dIvAna, AratarAma sonI, pramukha nagara Amera sAMgAnera jayapura tathA prasiddha nATANI ke bAga kA ullekha Adi prAmANika tathya haiN| 1 haldiyo ke rAste meM U~cA kuA ke sAmane zrI zAntinAtha digambara jaina madira ko darogA sarUpacanda pATanI khindUkA ne sa 1888 me banavAyA thaa| 769-godIkoM kA rAstA kizanapola bAjAra jayapura-302003

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zramaNa paramparA ke vaMdanIya sAdhaka aura unake madhya sambandha : eka samIkSA - DaoN. rAjendrakumAra baMsala vizva ke samasta dharma-darzanoM meM jaina darzana hI samasta jIvAtmAoM ko svabhAva se vItarAga, sarvajJa evaM parama AnaMda rUpa batAkara usakI prApti kA mArga batAtA hai| duHkha ke janaka haiM- kujJAna, kaSAya, kaMcana aura kAminI kI abhilASA, ise hI para - samaya kahA hai| AnaMda prApti kA mArga hai AtmajJAnapUrvaka kaSAya, kaMcana, kAminI kA parityAga evaM zuddhopayoga rUpa AtmadhyAna, yahI sva- samaya hai| isI kAraNa mukti kA ArAdhaka sAdhu parigraha aura strI kA tyAgI hotA hI hai| (mUlAcAra - 1008) / AcArya kundakundadeva ne jainadarzana meM mAtra tIna bheSa-liMga svIkAra kiye haiM-pahalA jinabheSa rUpa sAdhu, dUsarA utkRSTa zrAvaka (ailaka) evaM tIsarA jaghanya pada meM sthita AryikA / jinamata meM cauthA bheSa nahIM hai ( darzanapAhuDa gAthA - 18 ) / 1: vaMdanayogya sAdhu : jo pAMca mahAvrata, tIna gupti evaM saMyama ko dhAraNa karate haiM tathA aMtara - bAhya parigraha se rahita haiM ve vaMdane yogya sAdhu haiM / yahI nirgrantha mokSamArga hai / atyalpa parigraha rakhane vAlA mahAvratI aura saMyamI nahIM ho sktaa| vaha to gRhastha ke samAna bhI nahIM hai (sUtrapAhuDa - gAthA 20 ), atyalpa parigraha grahaNa karane vAle sAdhu nigodagAmI niMdAyogya aura avaMdanIya hote haiM (sU. pA. gA. 18 - 19 ) / AcArya vaTTakera ke anusAra sAdhu dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura zakti ko acchI taraha samajhakara bhalI prakAra dhyAna, adhyayana aura cAritra kA AcaraNa karate haiM (mUlAcAra 1007) | jJAna-vijJAna se samapanna aura dhyAna, adhyayana tapa se yukta tathA kaSAya aura garva se rahita muni zIghra hI saMsAra ko pAra kara lete

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36 anekAnta - 55/4 haiM ( mUlA. gAthA 970 ) | vinayasahita muni svAdhyAya karate huye paMcendriyoM ko saMkucita kara tIna gupti yukta ekAgramanA ho jAte haiN| gaNadharadevAdi ne kahA ki aMtaraMga - bahiraMga bAraha prakAra ke tapoM meM svAdhyAya ke samAna tapa karma na haiM aura na hogA hii| svAdhyAya hI parama tapa hai (mUlA. gA. 971-972 ) / jisa prakAra dhAgA sahita suI naSTa nahIM hotI, usI prakAra Agama jJAna sahita sAdhu pramAda doSa se bhI naSTa nahIM hotA ( mUlA. 973 ) / AgamahIna AcArya apane ko aura dUsaroM ko bhI naSTa karatA hai (mUlA. 965 ) / sAdhu samabhAva vAle hote haiN| zatru-mitra, niMdA - prazaMsA, lAbha-alAbha aura tRNa- kaMcana meM unakA samabhAva hotA hai (bodhapAhuDa gAthA 49 ) / aise virakta, nirmamatva, nirArambhI, saMyama, samiti, dhyAna evaM samAdhi se yukta RSi hI eka bhavAvatArI laukAntika deva hote haiM (ti. pa. mahAdhikAra ATha gA0 669-674 ) / 2 : gyAraha pratimAdhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka : jinamata meM dUsarA bheSa gyAraha pratimAdhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka - ailaka kA hotA hai / inake pAsa eka vastra yA kopIna hotA hai| pAtra yA kara - pAtra meM bhikSA- bhojana karate haiN| mauna yA samiti vacana bolate haiN| samyagdarzana jJAna saMyukta haiN| aise utkRSTa zrAvaka ailaka - chullaka "icchAkAra" karane yogya haiN| " icchAmi" yA icchAkAra kA artha apane Apako arthAt AtmA ko cAhanA hai ( sUtra pA. gA. (21,13-15), jise Atma iSTa nahIM use siddhi nahIM, ataH he bhavya jIvo! AtmA kI zraddhA karo, isakA zraddhAna karo aura mana-vacana-kAya se svarUpa meM rucikara, mokSa prApta karo (sUtrapA. 16 ) / 3: AryikA - nArIbheSa : jinamata kA tIsarA jaghanya pada nArI kA AryikA bheSa hai| AryikA eka vastra dhAraNa karatI hai aura savastra dina meM eka bAra bhojana karatI hai| chullikA do vastra rakhatI hai (sUtrapA. gA. 22 ) / jinamata meM nagnapanA hI mokSa mArga hai| vastra dhAraNa karane vAle mukta nahIM hote| nArI ke aMgoM meM sUkSma - kAya, agocara sajIvoM kI utpatti hote rahane ke kAraNa ve dIkSA ke ayogya haiN| citta kI caMcalatA ke kAraNa unheM AtmadhyAna nahIM hotA phira bhI jina-mata kI zraddhA se

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anekAnta-55/4 37 zuddha hone se mokSamArgI haiM aura ghora cAritra/tIvra tapazcaraNa ke kAraNa pAparahita haiM jisase svargAdika prApta karatI haiM (sUtrapA. gA. 24-26) / yadyapi AryikA kA paMcama guNasthAna (deza-virata) hotA hai, phira bhI sAdhuoM ke samAna unakA AcAra hotA hai| mAtra ve vRkSa-mUla yoga, AtApana yoga, pratimAyoga, varSAyoga tathA ekAntavAsa Adi nahIM karatI (mUlAcAra gA. 157) isa kAraNa ve upacAra se mahAvratI kahIM jAtI haiN| ve nirantara par3hane, pATha karane, sunane, kahane aura anuprekSAoM ke cintavana meM tathA tapa, vinaya aura saMyama meM nitya hI udyama karatI huI jJAnAbhyAsa meM tatpara rahatI haiM (mUlAvAra 189) / "vaMdAmi' zabda se unakI vinaya kI jAtI hai| sAdhu AryikA kitane dUra-kitane pAsa : sAdhu aura AryikA donoM yadyapi vItarAga-- mArga ke pathika haiM phira bhI kAma-svabhAva kI dRSTi se eka ghI aura dUsarA agni ke samAna hai| ata: inake madhya kitanI nikaTatA aura kitanI dUrI ho isakA vizada varNana AcArya vaTTakera ne mUlAcAra meM aura AcArya zivakoTi ne bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM kiyA hai, jisakA saMkSipta sAra nimna prakAra hai :AcArya evaM sAdhu se kramazaH pAMca aura sAta hAtha dUrI se vaMdanA paMca-cha: satta hatthesUrI ajjhAvago ya sAghU ya parihariUNajjAo gavAsaNeNeva vaMdaMti (mUlA. 195) artha - AryikAeM AcArya ko pAMca hAtha se, upAdhyAya ko chaha hAtha se ora sAdhu ko sAta hAtha se dUra rahakara gavAsana mudrA meM hI vaMdanA karatI haiN| spaSTa he ki sAdhuoM ko nArI/nArIvarga se sAta hAtha kI dUrI banAye rakhanA caahiye| ekAnta milana evaM vArtA kA niSedha ajjAgamaNe kAle Na atthidavvaM tadheva ekkeNa tAhiM puNa sallAvo Na ya kAyavvo akjenn| tAsiM puNa pucchAo ikkisse Naya kahijja ekko du gaNiNI purao kiccA jAdi pucchai to khedvvN| (mUlA. gA. 177-178)

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38 anekAnta-55/4 artha - AryikAoM ke Ane ke samaya muni ko akele nahIM baiThanA caahiye| isI prakAra unake sAtha binA prayojana vArtAlApa bhI nahIM karanA caahiye| inameM se yadi akelI AryikA prazna kare to akelA muni uttara nahIM de| yadi gaNinI ko Age karake vaha prazna pUMchatI hai tabhI usakA uttara denA caahiye| tAtparya yaha ki sAdhu-AryikA asamaya meM aura akele meM na to mile aura na hI prayojanahIna carcA kre| taruNa-taruNI ke vArtA kA duSpariNAma taruNo taruNIe saha kahA vasallAvaNaM ca jadi kujjA ANAkovAdI yA paMcavi dosA kadA tenn|| (mUlA. 179) artha - taruNa muni taruNI ke sAtha yadi kathA yA vArtAlApa karatA hai to usa muni ne AjJAkopa, anavasthA, mithyAtva-ArAdhanA, AtmanAza aura saMyama virAdhanA ina pAMca doSoM ko kiyA hai, aisA samajhanA caahiye| isakA pariNAma sarvanAza hI hai| AryikAoM ke AvAsa meM municaryA kA niSedha aura usake pariNAma No kappadi viradANaM viradINamuvAsayahi ciThe, tattha NisejjauvaTu Na sjjhaayaahaarbhikkhvosrnne| (mUlA. 180) artha - AryikAoM ke nivAsa sthala (vasatikA) meM muniyoM kA rahanA aura vahAM para baiThanA, leTanA, svAdhyAya AhAra, bhikSA va koyotsarga karanA yukta nahIM hai| spaSTa hai ki AryikAoM ke nivAsasthala para muniyoM kA nivAsa niSiddha hai| mUlAcAra ke samayasArAdhikAra ke kSetra zuddhi kI gAthA kramAMka 54 meM punaH ukta tathya kI puSTi kI hai| yaha gAthA ukta gAthA 180 ke prAyaH samAna hI hai aura gAthA kramAMka 952 meM nirdezita kiyA hai ki dhIra muni parvatoM kI kandarA, zmazAna, zUnya makAna aura vRkSoM ke nIce AvAsa kreN| AryikA-muni sahavAsa kA duSpariNAma mUlAcAra kI gAthA 181 evaM 182 meM AryikAoM aura muniyoM ke saMsarga

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anekAnta-55/4 kA duSpariNAma darzAyA hai jo isa prakAra hai___ "kAma se malinacitta zramaNa, sthavira, ciradIkSita, AcArya, bahuzruta tathA tapasvI ko bhI nahIM ginatA hai, kula kA vinAza kara detA hai (gAthA 181) / vaha muni kanyA, vidhavA, rAnI, svecchAcAriNI tathA tapasvinI mahilA kA Azraya letA huA tatkAla hI usameM apavAda ko prApta hotA hai (gAthA 182) / bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI gAthA 341 (dehalIprakAzana) dizAbodhaka hai khelapaDida mappANaM Na taradi jaha mAcchiyA vibhocedaM ajjANacaro Na taradi taha appANaM vimocedaM (241 bha. A.) artha - jaise manuSya ke kapha meM par3I makkhI usase nikalane meM asamartha hotI hai vaise hI AryikA ke sAtha paricaya kiyA muni chuTakArA nahIM pA sktaa| AryikAoM kI dIkSA-AcArya ke guNa : ___jo gambhIra haiM, sthira citta haiM, mita bolate haiM, alpa kautukI haiM, ciradIkSita haiM aura tatvoM ke jJAtA haiM aise muni AryikAoM ke AcArya hote haiN| ina guNoM se rahita AcArya se cAra kAla arthAt dIkSAkAla, zikSAkAla, gaNapoSaNa aura AtmasaMskAra kI virAdhanA hotI hai aura saMgha (gaccha) kA vinAza ho jAtA hai (mUlA. 184-185) / isa dRSTi se yogya AcArya se hI nAriyoM ko dIkSA lenA ucita hai| AryikAoM kA AvAsa kaisA ho, ve kahAM aura kaise jAveM : ____ AryikAoM ke upAzraya yA AvAsa ke sambandha me mUlAcAra meM spaSTa nirdeza hai, jo isa prakAra hai :___jo gRhasthoM se mizrita na ho, jisameM cora Adi kA AnA-jAnA na ho aura jo vizuddha saMcaraNa arthAt jo mala visarjana gamanAgamana evaM zAstra svAdhyAya Adi ke yogya ho, aise AvAsa (vasatikA) meM do yA tIna yA bahuta sI AryikAyeM eka sAtha rahatI haiM (gAthA 191) / AryikAoM ko binA kArya ke para-gRha nahIM jAnA cAhiye aura avazya jAne yogya kArya meM gaNinI se pUchakara sAtha meM milakara hI

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40 anekAnta-55/4 jAnA cAhiye (gA. 192) / AryikAoM ko ronA, nahalAnA, khilAnA, bhojana pakAnA, sUta kAtanA, chaha prakAra kA Arambha, yatiyoM ke paira mAliza karanA, dhonA aura gIta gAnA Adi kArya nahIM karanA cAhiye (gAthA 193) / AhAra hetu tIna yA pAMca yA sAta AryikAeM Apasa meM rakSA karatI huI vRddhA AryikAoM ke sAtha milakara unakA hamezA AhAra ko nikalanA yukta hai (gA. 194) / muni-AryikA ke saMsarga-niSedha kA kAraNa/darzana : ___mUlAcAra meM muni-AryikA evaM anya nAriyoM ke saMsarga kA niSedha kara usakA kAraNa/darzana bhI vyakta kiyA hai, jisako samajhanA Avazyaka hai| kAraNa ko jAne binA nirNaya samIcIna nahIM hotaa| __yaha jIva dhana, jIvana, rasanA-indriya aura kAmendriya ke nimitta se hamezA anaMta bAra svayaM maratA hai aura anyoM ko bhI mAratA hai (989) / cAra-cAra aMgula kI jihvA aura kAmendriya azubha hai aura inase jIva nizcita rUpa se duHkha prApta karatA hai (gA. 994) / ata: he muni, tuma isI samaya isa rasanAindriya aura kAma-indriya ko jIto (gA. 990) / kATha (lepa, citra Adi kalAkRti) meM bane huye strI rUpa se bhI hamezA DaranA cAhiye kyoMki inase jIva ke mana meM kSobha ho jAtA hai (gA. 992) / puruSa ghI ke bhare huye ghaTa jaisA hai aura strI jalatI huI agni jaisI hai| striyoM ke samIpa huye puruSa naSTa ho gaye haiM tathA inase virakta puruSa mokSa ko prApta huye haiM (gA. 993) / ___ mAtA, bahina, putrI, mUka va vRddha striyoM se bhI nitya hI DaranA cAhiye kyoMki strI rUpa meM sabhI striyAM agni ke samAna sarvatra jalAtI haiM (gA. 998) / hAtha paira se lUlIM-laMgar3I, kAna-nAka se hIna tathA vastrarahita striyoM se bhI dUra rahanA cAhiye (gA. 995) / ___brahmacarya mana-vacana-kAya kI apekSA tIna prakAra kA hai tathA dravya bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai (gA. 996) / bhAva se virata manuSya hI virata hai| kevala dravya virata se mukti nahIM hotii| isaliye paMcandriya ke viSayoM meM ramaNa karane vAle mana ko vaza meM karanA cAhiye (gA. 997) / abrahma ke daza bheda haiM

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anekAnta-55/4 atyadhika bhojana karanA, snAna-tela mardana Adi zarIra saMskAra, kezara-kastUrI gandha mAlA, gIta aura vAdya sunanA, komala gadde evaM kAmodrekapUrNa ekAnta sthala meM rahanA, strI-saMsarga, suvarNa vastra Adi dhanasaMgraha, pUrvarati-smaraNa, paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM meM anurAga tathA pauSTika rasoM kA sevana (gA. 990-999) / jo mahAtmA puruSa mahAdu:khoM ke nivAraNa hetu ina daza prakAra ke abrahma kA parihAra karatA hai vaha dRr3ha brahmacArI hotA hai (gA. 1000) / bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM gAthA 1092 se 1113 taka strI-puruSa saMsarga kA niSedha kiyA hai jo paThanIya aura mAnanIya hai| AgamAnusAra AcaraNa karane kA suphala : mUlAcAra grantha ke samAcArAdhikAra kA upasaMhAra karate huye AcArya vaTTakera ghoSaNA karate haiM ki uparyukta vidhAna rUpa caryA kA jo sAdhu aura AryikAyeM AcaraNa karate haiM ve jagat se pUjA, yaza aura sukha ko prApta kara siddha ho jAte haiM (gA. 196) / prakArAntara se ukta vidhAna kI avajJA-avamAnanA se apayaza, du:kha aura saMsAra-bhramaNa hotA hai jo vicAraNIya hai| parigraha aura strI-tyAga karake sAdhu zIghra hI siddha ho jAtA hai (gA. 108) / munibheSa meM abrahma sevana evaM strI-saMsarga kA duSphala : ___ abrahma sevana ke phala se sambandha meM AcArya kundakunda kRta liMgapAhuDa kI gAthA 7 ullekhanIya hai jo isa prakAra hai :__ pAopahadabhAvo sevadi ya abaMbhu liMgarUveNa so pAva mohidamadI hiMDadi saMsArakAMtAre (liMga pA. 7) artha - jisa muni kA pApa se A mabhAva ghAta ho gayA hai aisA pApa-mohita buddhi vAlA muni-rUpa meM abrahma (bhoga-vilAsa) kA sevana karatA hai, jisase vaha saMsAra rUpI kAMtAra-vana meM bhramaNa karatA hai| jina-dIkSA lekara jo muni striyoM ke samUha ke prati rAga-prIti karatA hai, nirdoSoM meM doSa lagAtA hai vaha jJAna-darzana rahita hai| aisA muni pazu, samAna

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anekAnta-55/4 ajJAnI hai, zramaNa nahIM (liM. pA. 17) / jo muni striyoM ke samUha meM unakA vizvAsa karake aura unako vizvAsa utpanna karAke darzana-jJAna-cAritra ko detA hai, unako samyaktva batAtA hai, par3hanA-par3hAnA, jJAna-dIkSA detA hai, pravRtti sikhAtA hai, isa prakAra vizvAsa utpanna kara pravartatA hai vaha pArzvastha muni se bhI nikRSTa hai pragaTa bhAva se vinaSTa hai, zramaNa nahIM hai (liMga pA. gA. 20) / jo jina mudrA dhAraNa kara vyabhicAraNiI strI ke ghara AhAra karAtA hai, stuti karatA hai vaha ajJAnI hai, dharma se bhraSTa hai, zramaNa nahIM hai (liMga. pA. gA. 21) punazca jo sAdhu-gRhasthoM ke vivAhAdika karAtA hai, kRSi-vyApAra evaM jIvaghAta Adi pApa kArya karatA hai, corI-jhUTha-yuddha-vivAda karatA hai,, zataraMja-pAsA Adi khelatA hai vaha narakagAmI hotA hai (li. pA. gA. 9/10) / upasaMhAra : jinendra bhagavAn kA vItarAga mArga viziSTa mArga hai| aMtaraMga meM jinadarzana rUpa Atma-zraddhAna-Atmaruci hone para uktAnusAra jinabheSa sahaja hI bAhya meM prakaTa hote hai| munibheSa meM aMtaraMga meM tIna kaSAya caukar3I ke abhAvapUrvaka nirmala pariNati prakaTa hotI hai aura bAhya meM sampUrNa parigraha evaM strI tyAga sahita Agama praNIta AcaraNa hotA hai| isI prakAra gyAraha pratimAdhArI ailaka-AryikA Adi ke bheSa meM aMtaraMga meM do kaSAya caukar3I ke abhAvapUrvaka vizuddha pariNati prakaTa hokara AgamAnusAra bAhya AcaraNa hotA hai tathA AcArya muniyoM evaM AryikA tathA nArIjagat ke prati mUlAcAra ke nirdezoM ke anurUpa maryAdita saMyamita vyavahAra hotA hai tabhI sabhI jana AdaraNIya-abhinaMdanIya hote hai| Agama ke darpaNa meM sabhI ko apanI bhUmikA dekhakara nirNaya karanA hai ki unakA cihva-bheSa jinaliMgI hai yA jainetara-liMgI hai| -vI-369 o. pI. esa kAkonI amalAI pepara mIla

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tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA aparigraha darzana -DaoN. azokakumAra jaina bhArata ke prAcIna dharmoM meM jainadharma kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| jainadharma ke pratiSThApaka tIrthaddha.roM ne naitika evaM AdhyAtmika AdarzoM ke una pratimAnoM ko sthApita kiyA jo vyaSTi evaM samaSTi ke vikAsa meM ullekhanIya bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva mAnava saMskRti ke sUtradhAra bne| unhoMne bhogamUlaka saMskRti ke sthAna para karmamUlaka saMskRti kI pratiSThA kii| daivavAda ke sthAna para puruSArthavAda kI mAnyatA ko saMpuSTa kiyaa| unhIM kI paramparA meM anya 23 tIrthaMkara hue jinhoMne apane lokAtizAyI vyaktitva evaM kRtitva se vaiyaktika, sAmAjika, dhArmika, sAMskRtika evaM AdhyAtmika cetanA kA saJcAra kiyaa| antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA samaya janakrAnti aura dharmakrAnti kA yuga thaa| isa yuga meM rAjanIti, samAja evaM dharmasambandhI mAnyatAyeM parivartita ho rahIM thii| prasiddha itihAsakAra eca. jI. velsa kA abhimata hai ki I. pU. chaThI zatAbdI saMsAra ke itihAsa meM mahattvapUrNa kAla hai| isa zatAbdI meM manuSya kI cetanA sarvatra rUr3hivAdI paramparAoM ke badalane ke lie kriyAzIla thii| pratyeka vicAraka rUr3hiyoM, burAiyoM aura svArtho kA dhvaMza kara mAnavatA kI naI pratiSThA ke lie prayatnazIla thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrtha ke sambandha meM jayadhavala ke prArambha meM likhA hai NissaMsayakaro vIro mahAvIro jinnuttmo| rAga-dosa-bhayAdIdo dhammatitthassa kaaro|| jinhoMne dharmatIrtha kI pravRtti karake samasta prANiyoM ko ni:saMzaya kiyA,

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44 anekAnta-55/4 jo vIra haiM arthAt jinhoMne vizeSa rUpa se samasta padArtha samUha ko pratyakSa kara liyA hai, jo jinoM meM zreSTha haiM tathA rAga, dveSa aura bhaya se rahita haiM aise bhagavAn mahAvIra dharma-tIrtha ke kartA haiN| sUtrakRtAGga. meM likhA hai puDhovame ghuNatI vigayagehI, Na saNNihi kuvvai aasupnnnne| tariuM samudaM va mahAbhavodha abhayakare vIra annNtckkhuu|| 6/25 AzuprajJa jJAtaputra pRthvI ke samAna sahiSNu the, isalie unhoMne karma zarIra ko prakampita kiyaa| ve anAsakta the isalie unhoMne saMgraha nahIM kiyaa| ve abhayaMkara vIra (parAkramI) aura ananta cakSu vAle the| unhoMne saMsAra ke mahAn samudra se tara kara nirvANa prApta kara liyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke stavana meM aura bhI likhA hai ghaNita va sadANa aNuttaraM u, caMde va tArANa mhaannubhaave| gaMghesu vA caMdaNa mAhu seTTha evaM muNINaM apaDiNNa maahu|| 6/19 jaise zabdoM meM megha kA garjana anuttara, tArAgaNa meM candramA mahApratApI aura gaMdhoM meM candana zreSTha hai| vaise hI anAsakta muniyoM meM jJAtaputra zreSTha haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM zramaNoM ke cAlIsa se adhika sampradAya the unameM pAMca bahuta prabhAvazAlI the 1. nirgrantha mahAvIra kA zAsana, 2. zAkya buddha kA zAsana, 3. AjIvaka makkhali gozAlaka kA zAsana, 4. gaurika-tApasa zAsana, 5. parivrAjaka-sAMkhya shaasn| bauddha sAhitya meM 6 zramaNa sampradAyoM tathA unake AcAryoM kA ullekha hai 1- akriyAvAda-AcArya pUraNakazyapa, 2-niyativAda-makkhaligozAla, 3-ucchedavAda-ajitakezakambalI, 4-anyonyavAda-pakudhakAtyAyana, 5-cAturyAma saMvaravAda-nirgrantha jJAtaputra, 6-vikssepvaad-sNjyveltttthiputt| bauddha granthoM meM bhI nirgrantha jJAtaputra mahAvora, varddhamAna ko sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, lokamAnya netA aura tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| yathA-'nagaMTho'

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anekAnta-55/4 45 Avutrau nAThputto savvaju savvadassAvI aparisesaMjJANadassane prijaanaati| (majjhima nikAya PT.S. a. 1 pR. 93) 'nigaMTho nATputto saMghI ceva gaNI ca gaNAcAyo ca jJAtoya sassI titthakaro sAdhu sammato bahuta janassa stassU cira-pavvajito addhagatA kyo anupattA' (dIgha nikAya PTS A. 1 pR.48-49) tripiTakoM meM nirgrantha kA ullekha bahudhA AyA hai| usI AdhAra para DA. yAkobI ne yaha pramANita kiyA hai ki buddha se pahale nirgrantha sampradAya vidyamAna thaa| sUtrakRtAr3a ke tulanAtmaka pAda TippaNa meM likhA hai ki mAhaNa, samaNa, bhikkhu aura niggaMtha-ye cAra muni jIvana kI sAdhanAyeM haiN| cUrNikAra ne samaNa, mAhaNa aura bhikkhu ko eka bhUmikA meM mAnA hai aura niggaMtha kI dUsarI bhUmikA svIkAra kI hai| nirgrantha kI bhUmikA kA eka vizeSaNa hai Atma pravAda praapt| caudaha pUrvo meM 'AtmapravAda' nAmaka sAtavAM pUrva hai| jise AtmapravAda pUrva jJAta hotA hai vahI nirgrantha ho sakatA hai, mAhaNa, zramaNa aura bhikSu ke lie isakA jJAta honA anivArya nahIM hai| aupapAtika sUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAdhuoM ko cAra bhUmikAoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| zramaNa, nirgrantha, sthavira aura angaar| vahA~ zramaNa sAmAnya muni ke rUpa meM prastuta hai| nirgrantha kI bhUmikA viziSTa hai| usameM viziSTa jJAna, viziSTa bala, viziSTa labdhiyAM, viziSTa tapasyAyeM aura viziSTa sAdhanA kI pratimAyeM ullikhita haiN| sthivira kI bhUmikA kA muni rAga dveSa vijetA, Arjava-mArdava Adi viziSTa guNoM se sampanna, AtmadarzI, svasamaya tathA parasamaya kA jJAtA, viziSTa zrutajJAnI aura tatva ke pratipAdana meM sakSama hotA hai| anagAra kI bhUmikA kA muni viziSTa sAdhana aura sarvathA alipta hotA hai| bodhapAhuDa meM pravrajyA dhAraka kI vizeSatAoM ke bAre meM likhA hai NiggaMthA NissaMgA NimmANAsA arAya NihosA Nimmama NirahaMkArA pavvajja erisA bhnniyaa|| gA. 49

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46 anekAnta-55/4 nirgrantha - nisaMga, nirmAnI, AzA se rahita, virAgI, niSI, nirmohI aura nirahaMkArI prANI daigambarI dIkSA dhAraNa karate haiN| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai gaMthaccAeNa puNo bhAvavisuddhI vi dIvidA hoi| Na hu saMgaghaTitabuddhI saMge jahiduM kuNadi buddhii|| gA. 1174 nirgranthatA se uttarottara pariNAmoM meM nirmalatA kI vRddhi hotI hai| parigrahA-sakta saMga-tyAga meM akSama hotA hai| savvastha hoi lahugo rUvaM vissAsiyaM havai tss| gurugo hi saMgasatto saMkijjai cAvi svvtth|| gA. 1176 graMthahIna puruSa cintA rahita arthAt svarUpa dekhane mAtra se zraddhAlu hote hai aura parigraha avizvAsa kA kAraNa hai kyoMki zastra, dhana vagairaha chipAne kI mana meM zaMkA hotI hai| AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai jo saMgaM tu muittA jANadi uvaogamappagaM suddh| taM NissaMgaM sAhuM paramaTThaviyANayA viti| samayasAra, 131 jo sAdhu bAhya aura Abhyantara donoM prakAra ke sampUrNa parigraha ko chor3akara apane Apa kI AtmA ko darzana-jJAnopayoga svarUpa zuddha anubhava karatA hai usako paramArtha svarUpa ke jAnane vAle gaNadharAdi deva nirgrantha sAdhu kahate haiN| tatvArthasUtra meM nirgrantha ke bheda batAte hue likhA hai pulAkabakuzakuzIlanirgranthasnAtakA nirgrnthaaH|| -tatvArthasUtra 9/48 pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha aura snAtaka ye nirgrantha ke pAMca prakAra haiN| nirgrantha vizeSaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI anAsakta sAdhanA kA spaSTa nidarzana hai| bhava-bhavAntaroM kI yAtrA ke pravAha ke bAda zAzvata satya ko pAne kI

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anekAnta-55/4 47 utkaTa abhilASA ke kAraNa sAMsArika moha mAyA kA jAla varddhamAna ko kiJcit bhI vicalita nahIM kara skaa| unake jIvana kA lakSya Atmika zAnti ke sAtha saMsAra ke prANiyoM ko zAnti pradAna karanA thaa| unhoMne svayaM ko sAdhanA kI kasauTI para kasA aura anubhUta cintana ke pariNAma svarUpa aise mUlyoM kI pratiSThA kI jisameM sarvatra sukha aura zAnti kA samIra pravAhita ho sakatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne jina cirantana satya mUlaka siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana kiyaa| ve haiM- ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aprigrh| yahAM hama bhagavAn mahAvIra ke aparigraha viSayaka cintana ko hI pramukha rUpa se varNana kara rahe haiM- jo Adarza samAja ke nirmANa meM mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhA sakatA hai| AcArAMga ke upadhAna zruta nAmaka adhyAya meM likhA hai bhagavaM ca evaM mannesiM, sovahieM hu luppatI bAle / kammaM ca savvaso NaccA, taM paDiyAikrave pAvagaM bhagavaM // 9/1-15 - ajJAnI manuSya parigraha kA saMcaya kara chinna-bhinna hotA hai isa prakAra anucintana kara tathA saba prakAra ke karma ko jAnakara bhagavAn ne pratyAkhyAna kiyaa| akasAI vigayagehI sadaruvesumucchie jhAti / 63 makkhe vi parakkamapANe, No pamAyaM saiM vi kuvvitthA // 9/4-15 bhagavAn krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ko zAMtakara, Asakti ko chor3a, zabda aura rUpa meM amUrcchita hokara dhyAna karate the| unhoMne jJAnAvaraNa Adi karma se AvRta dazA meM parAkrama karate hue bhI eka bAra pramAda nahIM kiyaa| parigraha kyA hai- AcArAMga meM likhA hai AvaMtI ke AvaMtI logaMsi pariggahAvaMtI se appaM vA, bahuM vA, aNuM vA, thUlaM vA, cintamaMtaM vA, acintamaMtaM vA etesu ceva pariggahAvaMtI |

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48 anekAnta-55/4 __ -isa jagat meM jitane manuSya parigrahI haiM, ve alpa yA bahuta, sUkSma yA sthUla, sacitta yA acitta vastu kA parigrahaNa karate haiN| ve ina vastuoM meM mUrchA rakhane ke kAraNa hI parigrahI haiN| padArtha paudgalika hai| vaha parigraha nahIM hai| manuSya ke dvArA mUrchA pUrvaka parigRhIta padArtha hI parigraha banatA hai| tatvArthasUtra meM parigraha ko paribhASita karate hue sUtra likhA 'mUrchA parigrahaH' arthAt mUrchA parigraha hai| mUrchA kyA hai aisA pUchane para AcArya pUjya pAda likhate haiM-gAya, bhaiMsa, maNi aura motI Adi cetana, acetana bAhya upAdhi kA tathA rAgAdirUpa abhyantara upAdhi kA saMrakSaNa, arjana aura saMskAra Adi rUpa vyApAra hI mUrchA hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM likhA hai yA mUrchA nAmeyaM vijJAtavyaH parigraho jnyeyH| mohodayAdudIrNo mUrchA tu mmttvprinnaamH|| yaha jo mUrchA hai isako hI nizcaya karake parigraha jAnanA cAhie aura moha ke udaya se utpanna huA mamattvarUpa pariNAma hI mUrchA hai| isake samAnArthaka zabdoM ke sambandha meM likhA haiicchA mUrchA kAmaH sneho gAva~ mmtvmbhinndH| abhilASa ityanekAni raagpryaayvcnaani|| - prazamaratiprakaraNa 1/18 icchA, mUrchA, kAma, sneha, gArDsa, mamatva, abhinanda, abhilASa ityAdi aneka rAga ke paryAyAvAcI nAma hai| parigraha ke bheda- parigraha ke do bheda pramukha rUpa se haiM antaraMga aura bhirNg| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai micchattavedarAgA taheva hAsAdiyA ya chddosaa| cattAri taha kasAyA ghaudasa abbhaMtarA gNthaa| gAthA 1/58

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anekAnta-55/4 49 jIvAdi padArthoM kA yathArtha zraddhAna na karanA mithyAtva hai| strI-veda karmodaya se puruSa meM abhilASA honA strI-veda hai| puruSa-veda karmodaya se strI meM abhilASA honA strI-veda hai| napuMsaka veda karmodaya se strI-puruSa meM abhilASA honA napuMsaka-veda hai| hAsya, rati, arati, zoka bhaya, jugupsA ye 6 doSa haiN| krodha, mAna. mAyA, lobha ye cAra kaSAya haiN| sarva antaraMga parigraha ke caudaha bheda haiN| bAhya parigraha ke 10 bheda haiM- yathA bAhirasaMgA khettaM vatthaM dhnndhnnnnkuppbhNddaanni| dupayacauppaya jANANi ceva sayaNAsaNe ya thaa|| bha. A. 1119 kSetra, vAstu (ghara), dhana (svarNAdi dhAtu), dhAnya (gahU Adi), kupya (vastra), bhAMDa (hIMga, mirca Adi), dAsa, dAsI (sevaka), caupada (hAthI, ghor3A Adi), yAna (pAlakI, vimAna Adi), zAsana (bidhAna), Asana (palaMga vagairaha) ye daza parigraha haiN| sthAnAMga sUtra meM parigraha ke tIna prakAra batalAye haiN| unameM pahalA prakAra hai shriir| parigraha kA mUla AdhAra hai shriir| dUsarA kAraNa aura prakAra hai-karma sNskaar| jo saMskAra hamane arjita kara rakhe haiM, ve saMskAra hI manuSya ko parigrahI banane ke lie prerita karate haiN| hiMsA ke lie prerita karate haiN| tIsarA prakAra hai prigrh| jaba aparigraha para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai to pahalA siddhAnta nizcita huA mamatva cetanA kA prisskaar| AcArAMga meM likhA hai je mamAiya-matiM jahAti, se jahAti mmaaiyN|| sUtra 2/156 __ jo parigraha kI buddhi kA tyAga karatA hai, vaha parigraha kA tyAga kara sakatA hai| jaba taka cetanA kA rUpAntaraNa nahIM hotA taba taka parigraha kI tarapha hone vAlI mUrchA kama nahIM ho sktii| aparigraha vrata kI bhAvanAoM para prakAza DAlate hue likhA haiapariggaha samaNuNNesu sdprisrsruuvgNdhes| rAyaddosAINaM parihAro bhAvaNA hoNti|| -cArittapAhuDa, 36

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anekAnta-55/4 manojJa, amanojJa, sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa rUpa paMcendriya viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa kA parihAra (parityAga) karanA arthAt manojJa viSayoM meM rAga nahIM karanA aura amanojJa viSayoM meM dveSa nahIM karanA aparigraha mahAvrata kI pAMca bhAvanAyeM haiN| parigraha kA hetu : lobha- padArtha sasIma haiM aura icchAyeM va AkAMkSAyeM AkAza ke samAna asIma haiN| AkAza dravya hI SadravyoM meM eka aisA dravya hai jo loka aura aloka donoM meM parivyApta hai| zeSa pAMca dravya loka meM hI haiN| yahI sthiti tRSNA kI bhI hai| lobha pApoM kA mUla kAraNa hai| kahA gayA hai sarvavinAzAzrayiNaH srvvysnaikraajmaargsy| lobhasya ko mukhagataH kSaNamapi duHkhaantrmupeyaat|| __-prazamarati prakaraNa 1/29 lobha saba vinAzoM kA mUla AdhAra hai aura saba vyasanoM kA rAjamArga hai| lobha ke mukha meM gayA huA kauna manuSya kSaNa bhara ke lie bhI sukha pA sakatA hai? krodhAt prItivinAzaM mAnAd vinyopghaatmaapnoti| zAThyAtpratyayahAniH sarvaguNavinAzanaM lobhaat|| -prazamarati prakaraNa 1/25 krodha se prIti kA nAza hotA hai, mAna se vinaya kA ghAta hotA hai, mAyAcAra se vizvAsa jAtA rahatA hai aura lobha se sabhI guNa naSTa ho jAte haiN| lobhI kI dazA ke bAre meM AcArya zivArya likhate haievaM jaM jaM passadi davvaM ahilasadi pAvidaM taM tN| savvajagaNaM vi jIvo lobhAiTTho na tippedi|| -bhagavatI ArAdhanA gA. 855 lobhAviSTa manuSya saMsAra kI jina-jina uttama vastuoM ko dekhatA hai| una-una ko prApta karane kI uttarottara abhilASA karatA hai| trailokya prApta karane para bhI usakI tRpti nahIM hotI hai| jaha-jaha bhuMjai bhoge taha-taha bhogesu baDhaDhade tnnhaa| aggIva iMdhaNAI taNhaM dIvaMti se bhogaa|| - bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1263

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anekAnta-55/4 jaise-jaise bhogoM kA sevana karate haiM vaise-vaise tRSNA bar3hatI hai jaise IMdhana ke saMyoga se agni bar3hatI hai| lobha pApa kA mUla hai aura lobha kA mUla tRSNA hai jo saMsArI jIva ko nirantara saMtapta karatI rahatI hai| svayambhUstotra meM AcArya samantabhadra svAmI ne likhA haitRSNArciSaH paridahanti na zAntirAsA miSTendriyArthavibhavaiH privRddhirev| sthityaiva kAyaparitApahara nimitta mityAtmavAn vissysaukhypraaddmukho'bhuut|| tRSNArUpa agni kI jvAlAyeM saMsArI jIva ko cAroM ora se jalAtI haiN| abhilaSita indriya viSayoM ke vaibhava se inakI zAnti nahIM hotI hai, kintu saba ora se vRddhi hI hotI hai kyoMki indriya viSayoM kA svabhAva hI aisA hai| indriya viSaya zarIra ke santApa ko dUra karane meM nimitta mAtra hai| aisA jAnakara zrI kunthu viSaya saukhya se parAnmukha ho gaye the| sukhavAdI manovRtti kA vikAsa parigraha ke vistAra kA nimitta hai| sukhapUrvaka jIvana yApana karane ke lie vyakti aneka prakAra ke baloM ko saMgraha karatA hai| parigraha kA sukhapUrvaka upayoga karane ke lie zArIrika saMhanana ko majabUta aura zakti sampanna banAne ke lie Atma-bala kA saMgraha karatA haiM Atma bala kA tAtparya hai shriir| zarIra kA samucita saMpoSaNa karane ke lie madya Adi kA sevana karatA hai| inakI prApti aura surakSA ke sAdhana juTAtA hai, usake pIche parigraha aura sukhavAdI manovRtti kAma karatI hai| AcArAMga meM likhA haisuhaTThI bAlappamANe saeNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippriyaasmuveti|| 2/15 sukha kA arthI bAra-bAra sukha kI kAmanA karatA hai| vaha apane dvArA kRta duHkha-karma se mUr3ha hokara viparyAsa ko prApta hotA hai| sukha kA arthI hokara du:kha ko prApta karatA hai|

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anekAnta-55/4 hita aura ahita, kArya aura akArya, varNya aura avarNya kA aviveka moha hai| jo moha grasta hotA hai vaha mUr3ha hai| mUr3hatA ke kAraNa vaha puruSa nahIM jAnatA ki sukha ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA prayatna vastutaH du:kha ke lie hogaa| isalie vaha apane tathA dUsaroM ke sukha ke lie pRthvIkAya Adi jIva-nikAyo kI hiMsA karatA hai| usakA pariNAma hai ki vaha dIrgha kAla taka du:kha kA anubhava karatA hai| isake viparIta samyagdRSTi socatA hai majhaM pariggahe jadi tado ahamajIvadaM tu gcchejj| NAdeva ahaM jahyA tahmA Na pariggaho mjjh|| samayasAra 215 yadi yaha zarIrAdika parigraha bhI mere ho jAyeM to phira maiM bhI ajIvapane ko prApta ho jaauuN| kintu maiM to jJAtA hI hU~ isalie yaha saba mere parigraha nahIM hai| chijjadu vA bhijjadu vA Nijjadu vA ahava jAdu vipplyN| jahyA tahmA gacchadu tahAvi Na pariggaho mjjhN|| samayasAra 218 yaha zarIrAdika para-dravya bhale hI chida jAvo, bhida jAvo athavA koI ise le jAvo, athavA naSTa to jAo to bhI yaha merA parigraha nahIM hai yaha nizcita hai| isa prakAra vicAra kara jJAnI to apane svastha svabhAva meM rahatA hai| / bhagavAn mahAvIra kI samagra sAdhanA Atmakendrita thii| sAdhanA-kAla meM anekoM ajJAniyoM ke dvArA kaSTa diye gaye parantu unhoMne apane lakSya para meru ke samAna aDiga rahakara pratikUlatA meM bhI anukUlatA kA anubhava kara mokSa-lakSmI ko varaNa kiyaa| unakI vRtti meM samayasAra kI vaha dRSTi sAkSAta ghotita huI edamhi rado NiccaM saMtuTTho hohi nniccmedmhi| edeNa hohi titto to hohadi uttamaM sokkhN|| -samayasAra 219 he Atman! yadi tUM sukha cAhatA hai to usI AtmAnubhava rUpa jJAna meM tallIna hokara rh| usI meM sadA ke lie santoSa dhAraNa kara aura usI ke dvArA tRpta ho, saba icchAoM ko chor3a tabhI zAzvata sukha prApta hogaa|

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anekAnta-55/4 parigraha ke pariNAma- Aja vizva meM varga-saMgharSa kI jo dAvAgni prajjvalita ho rahI hai, viSamatAyeM bar3ha rahI haiM, asantoSa aura IrSyA janma le rahI hai, dhanI va nirdhana, zrama evaM pUjI, niyojaka va niyojita Adi ke madhya jo antara bar3hatA jA rahA hai, mAnava mAnava kA zoSaNa kara rahA hai tathA hiMsaka ghaTanAyeM, beImAnI. corI, DakaitI, vyabhicAra, apaharaNa tathA yuddhoM kI vibhISikAyeM dhadhaka rahI haiM una sabakA mUla kAraNa hai ki vizva ke loga pratyeka vastu ko apanI samajhakara use yena-kena prakAreNa prApta karanA cAhate haiN| __ saMgraha kI bhAvanA vaza vyakti jhUTha bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, kama taulatA hai-nApatA hai, chala kapaTa karatA hai, dhokhA detA hai, SaDyantra racatA hai, hatyAyeM karatA hai aura yahAM taka ki vaha bhISaNa yuddha bhI karatA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM likhA hai saMgaNimittaM mAreDa aliyavayaNaM ca bhaNaDa teNikkA bhajadi aparimidamicchaM sevadi mehuNamavi ya jiivo| gAthA1/25 parigraha ke lie prANI asi, masi Adi SaTkarma karatA hai jisase jIvoM kI hiMsA, dUsare kA dhana curAne kI icchA se ghAta, jhUThA bhASaNa, mana meM amaryAdita icchA tathA maithuna me pravRtti karatA hai| parigraha tyAga binA ahiMsAdi vrata dRr3ha nahIM ho skte| gaMtho bhayaM NarANaM sahodarA eyarattha jA jaM te| aNNoNNaM mAre, atthaNimittaM mdimkaasii|| - bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1/28 parigraha se manuSya bhayabhIta hotA hai| parigraha kI bar3hatI huI tIvra abhilASA ke kAraNa eka mAtA ke udara se utpanna bhAI dUsare bhAI ko mArane ke lie udyata ho jAtA hai| iMdiyamayaM sarIraM gaMthaM gehadi ya deha sukkhtthN| iMdiya suhAmisAso gaMthaggahaNeNa to siddho|| -bhagavatI ArAdhanA 1/63 -viSayAbhilASA se karma-bandha hotA hai ataH mumukSu inase pRthak rahate haiM

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anekAnta-55/4 arthAt parigraha ke kAraNa niyama se baMdha hotA hai| deha paMcendriya kA AdhAra hone se indriyamaya hai| isake lie vastrAdi grahaNa karatA hai| tadanantara anya kI abhilASA karake sahavAsa se apanI icchA siddha karatA hai| ataH parigraha kA mUla hetu indriyAbhilASA hai| parigraha dhyAna evaM svAdhyAya meM bAdhaka hai isalie karma kA saMvara aura nirjarA na hone se sarva karma kA kSaya kaise hogA arthAt nhiiN| parigraha hiMsA kA mUla kAraNa hai| AcArya amRtacanda ne likhA hai hiMsAparyAyatvAt siddhA hiNsaantrngg.sngke.ssu| bahiraGgeSu tu niyataM prayAtu mUcchaiva hiNsaatvm|| -puruSArthasiddhayupAya, zloka 119 __ antaraMga parigraha ke jo caudaha bheda haiM ve saba hiMsA ke paryAya haiM kyoMki vibhAva pariNAma haiM, ataeva antaraMga parigraha svayaM hiMsA rUpa huA aura bahiraMga parigraha mamatva pariNAmoM ke binA nahIM hotA, isa kAraNa usameM bhI hisA hai| yahAM dhyAtavya hai ki mamatva pariNAmoM se parigraha hotA hai, nirmamatva se nhiiN| kevalI tIrthaMkara ke samavasaraNa kI vibhUti mamatva rahita hone se parigraha nahIM tattvArthasUtra meM likhA haibahvArambhaparigrahatvaM naarksyaayussH| 6/15 bahu Arambha aura bahu parigraha ke bhAva naraka Ayu ke kAraNa haiN| tatvArtha-vArtika meM isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue AcArya akalaMkadeva ne likhA hai Arambha hisaMka karma (vyApAra) hai| hiMsana zIla hiMsaka hote haiM aura una hiMsakoM ke karma haiMsya haiN| yaha Arambha kahalAtA hai| 'yaha merA hai isa prakAra kA saMkalpa parigraha hai-yaha merI vastu hai maiM isakA svAmI huuN'| isa prakAra kA AtmIya abhimAna eka saMkalpa parigraha kahalAtA hai| parigraha lolupa vyakti tIvratara kaSAya pariNAma vAle aura hiMsA meM tatpara hote

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anekAnta-55/4 55 haiN| yaha bahuta bAra jAnA gayA hai, dekhA gayA hai, anumAna ke dvArA bhAvita hai aura sunA gayA hai| una karmoM ko AtmasAt karane se ve vyakti lohe ke tape hue gole ke samAna kaSAya-jvAlAoM se saMtapta hokara krUrakarmA hote haiM aura narakAyu kA Asrava karate haiN| unakA vistAra isa prakAra hai- mithyAdarzana, aziSTa AcaraNa, utkRSTa mAna, patthara kI rekhA ke samAna krodha, tIvra lobhAnurAga, anukampA rahita bhAva, para-paritApa meM khuza honA, badha-bandhana Adi kA abhiniveza, jIvoM kI satata hiMsA karanA, prANivadha, asatyabhASaNazIlitA, paradhanaharaNa, gupacupa rAga-ceSTAyeM, maithuna pravRtti, bahu Arambha, indriya paravazatA, tIvra kAma bhogAbhilASA kI pravRddhatA, ni:zIlatA, pApanimittaka bhojana kA abhiprAya, baddhavairatA, krUratApUrvaka ronA-cillAnA, anugraharahita svabhAva, yati varga meM phUTa paidA karanA, tIrthakara kI AsAdanA, kRSNalezyA se utpanna raudra pariNAma aura raudradhyAnapUrvaka maraNa Adi naraka Ayu meM Asrava haiN| aparigrahI vyakti hI saccA jJAnI hai- jina zAsana meM samyagjJAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| manuSya jJAna se hI mahAna hotA hai parantu vaha kauna sA jJAna hai usake sambandha meM AcArya vaTakera ne likhA hai-- jeNa rAgA virajjejja jeNa aiesu rjjdi| jeNa mittI pabhAvejja taM NANaM jinnsaasnne|| - mUlAcAra, 268 jisake dvArA jIva rAga se virakta hotA hai, jisake dvArA mokSa meM rAga karatA hai, jisake dvArA maitrI ko bhAvita karatA hai, jina-zAsana meM vaha jJAna kahA jAtA hai| jassa rAgo ya doso ya viyaDiM Na jaNeti d| jeNa kodho ya mANo ya mAyA loho ya nnijjido|| - mUlAcAra, 527 jisa jIva ke rAga aura dveSa vikAra ko utpanna nahIM karate haiM tathA jinhoMne krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko jIta liyA hai, unake hI sAmAyika caritra hotA hai| samayasAra meM to vAstavika jJAna kI pariNati tyAga rUpa hI batalAyI gayI hai| AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai

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56 anekAnta-55/4 NANaM savve bhAve paccakkhAI paretti nnaaduunn| tahmA paccakkhANaM NANaM NiyamA munnedvvN|| -samayasAra, 39 yaha AtmA jaba apane se bhinna padArtho ko para jAna letA hai taba unheM usI samaya chor3a detA hai ata: vAstava meM jJAna hI pratyAkhyAna hai| isI gAthA kI TIkA meM likhA hai- 'jAnAti iti jJAnaM' isa prakAra jJAna zabda kI vyutpatti hai| ata: svasaMvedana jJAna hI AtmA nAma se kahA jAtA hai| vaha jJAna jaba mithyAtva aura rAgAdi bhAvoM ko ye parasvarUpa haiM aisA jAna letA hai, taba unheM chor3a detA hai, unase dUra ho jAtA hai| isalie nirvikalpa svasaMvedana jJAna hI niyama se pratyAkhyAna hai aisA mAnanA, jAnanA aura anubhava karanA caahie| tAtparya yaha hai ki parama samAdhi kAla meM svasaMvedana jJAna ke bala se AtmA apane Apa ko zuddha anubhava karatA hai| yaha anubhava hI nizcaya pratyAkhyAna hai| jJAnI vicAra karatA haiahamikko khalu suddho daMsaNaNANamaio sdaaruuvii| Navi asthi majjha kiMcivi, aNNaM paramANumittaM pi|| -samayasAra, 43 __ maiM ekAkI hU~, zuddha hU~ arthAt paradravya ke sambandha se sarvathA rahita hU~, darzana-jJAnamayI hU~ aura sadA arUpI hU~ anya paradravya paramANu mAtra bhI merA kucha bhI nahIM lgtaa| sAmAjika vRtti meM aparigraha kI bhUmikA- bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane samagra jIvana meM anAsakti yA aparigraha kI vRtti ko caritArtha kara zAzvata satya ko prApta kiyA, parantu sabhI vyakti pUrNa rUpa se nivRtta to nahIM ho sakate ata: ve kaise apanA jIvana-yApana kareM isake lie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne saMgraha ke sImAkaraNa tathA icchA parimANa ke mahatvapUrNa sUtra diye jinase sAmAjika santulana banA raha sakatA hai| manuSya kI icchAyeM asIma haiM, padArtha sImita haiN| vaha jo cAhatA hai prAyaH vaha hotA nahIM hai aura jo hotA hai vaha cAhatA nhiiN| vartamAna meM bhogopabhoga kI vastuoM ke sImAkaraNa se hI zoSaNa-vihIna samAja kI sthApanA saMbhava ho sakatI hai|

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anekAnta-55/4 parigraha ke dukhada pariNAmoM ko Aja vizva-samAja bhoga rahA hai| dhana-lolupatA tathA bhautika tuSTi ke lie Aja vizva samAja aneka vAdo meM vibhakta ho gayA hai jaise pUMjIvAdI, sAmyavAdI, samAjavAdI, prajAtAntrika samAjavAdI, vikasita samAja, vikAsazIla samAja tathA avikasita smaaj| ina samAjoM ke bIca spardhA, pratidvandvitA ne una bhautika upalabdhiyoM vaza vizva samAja ko tanAvoM, viSamatAoM, dhvaMsAtmaka vikRttiyoM ne eka dUsare ko Arthika zoSaNa ke lie Atura kara diyA hai| Aja samAja meM bhraSTAcAra, milAvaTa, cora-bAjArI, jamAkhorI, munAphAkhorI, kAlA dhandhA, taskarI Adi vikRtiyoM se sarvatra avizvAsa kA vAtAvaraNa vyApta hai| avaidha tarIkoM se dhana prApta karanA hI manuSya kA ekamAtra dhyeya ho gayA hai| aisI sthiti meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA parigraha parimANa vrata hI samAdhAna dene meM samartha hai| parigraha tyAga mahAvrata meM aMtaraMga evaM bahiraMga sabhI parigrahoM kA tyAga rahatA hai parantu gRhastha parigraha kA pUrNa tyAga nahIM kara sktaa| vaha apanI AvazyakatA ke anusAra sImA nizcita kara sakatA hai| gRhastha kI AvazyakatAyeM bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI huA karatI haiN| kisI kA parivAra bar3A hai ata: use adhika parigraha rakhanA par3atA hai| isalie parigraha parimANa vrata ko icchA parimANa nAma bhI diyA hai AcArya samanbhadra ne likhA hai dhanadhAnyAdi grantha parimAya tato'dhikeSu ni:spRhtaa| parimitaparigrahaH syaadicchaaprimaannnaamaapi|| -ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, 3-15 -dhana-dhAnyAdi parigraha kA parimANa kara usase adhika meM icchA rahita honA parimita parigraha athavA icchA parimANa nAmaka aNuvrata hotA hai| ___parigraha parimANa se asteya vrata kA bhI paripAlana saMbhava hai| corI athavA zoSaNa kA udgama saMcaya vRtti tathA svayaM parizrama na karane kI vRtti meM hotA hai| saMgraha kI bhAvanA vaza vyakti jhUTha bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, kama taulatA-nApatA hai, chala-kapaTa karatA hai, dhokhA detA hai, SaDyantra karatA hai, hatyAyeM karatA hai aura yahAM taka ki bhISaNa yuddha bhI karatA hai| ata: inakA

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58 anekAnta-55/4 niyamana karane ke lie samAja vyavasthA ke lie nimna bAtoM para dhyAna apekSita hai 1. dhana saMgraha meM avaidha upAyoM kA sahArA na leN| 2. AjIvikA ke nimitta aise vyavasAyoM kA cayana na kareM jo samAja meM hiMsA ko phailAte haiN| 3. arjana ke sAtha visarjana kA bhI niyama - dhAraNa kreN| 4. apane vyApAra meM lAbhAMza kA pratizata sunizcita kara, usase adhika kA tyAga kreN| 5. apanI icchAoM kA parisImana kreN| 6. apane adhInastha karmacAriyoM kA zoSaNa na kreN| 7. vyavasAya meM prAmANika rheN| apane karttavya ke prati niSThAvAn bneN| 8. anAvazyaka vastuoM kA saMgraha na kreN| 9. santoSa pUrvaka jIvana-yApana kreN| AcArya amitagati ne likhA hai tridazAH kima. rAstasya haste tasyAmaradumAH / nidhayo mandire tasya santoSo yasya nizcitaH // - dharma parIkSA, 19-71 - jisake anta:karaNa meM santoSa avasthita hai usake deva, sevaka bana jAte haiM, kalpavRkSa usake hAtha meM avasthita ke samAna ho jAte haiM tathA nidhiyAM usake bhavana meM nivAsa karatIM haiN| vastuta: aparigraha kI bhAvanA se hI sarvodaya samAja kI kalpanA sAkAra ho sakatI hai| ataH bhagavAn mahAvIra kA aparigraha darzana vartamAna pariprekSya meM atyaMta upayogI hai| vibhAgAdhyakSa, jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharma-darzana vibhAga jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM (rAja.)

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jIva kA akAla maraNa : eka vyApaka dRSTi -DaoN. zreyAMsakumAra jaina jIva kA akAlamaraNa bhI hotA hai, aisA prAktana AcAryoM ne kahA hai| bhujyamAna Ayu ke apakarSaNa kA kathana bahulatA se kiyA gayA hai adhikAMza rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki karmabhUmiyA tiryaJca aura manuSya apavartya Ayu vAle hote haiM kyoMki inakI bhujyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA saMbhava hai| mukhyataH AdhyAtmika viSaya ke pratipAdaka tattvArthasUtra nAmaka grantha ke dvitIya adhyAya ke antima sUtra "aupapAdikacaramottamadehA'saMkhyeya varSAyuSo'napavAyuSaH" se spaSTa hai ki upapAda janma vAle deva aura nArakI, caramottama dehadhArI aura asaMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle jIva anapavartya (paripUrNa) Ayu vAle hote haiN| jo inase bhinna saMkhyAta varSAyuSka karmabhUmiyAM manuSya aura tiryaJca haiM ve apUrNa Ayu vAle bhI hote haiM, unakI Ayu pUrNa hone se pahile bhI kSaya ho sakatI hai| sUtra meM Aye hue anapavartya zabda ke AdhAra para hI AcArya akalaMka deva ne likhA hai "bAhyasyopaghAtanimittasyaviSazastrAdeH sati sannidhAne hAso'pavarta ityucyte| apavartyamAyuH yeSAM ta ime apavAyuSaH naapvaayusso'npvaayussH| ete aupapAdikAdaya uktA anapavAyuSAH, na hi teSAmAyuSo bAhya nimittvshaadpvrto'sti|" arthAt bAhya kAraNoM ke kAraNa Ayu kA hAsa honA apavarta hai| bAhya upaghAta ke nimitta viSa zastrAdi ke kAraNa Ayu kA hAsa hotA hai, vaha apavarta hai| apavarta Ayu jinake hai, vaha apavarta Ayu vAle haiM aura jinakI Ayu kA apavartana nahIM hotA, ve deva nArakI carama zarIrI aura bhogabhUmiyAM jIva anapavarta Ayu vAle haiM kyoMki bAhyakAraNoM se inakI Ayu kA apavartana nahIM hotA hai| apavartana zabda kA artha ghaTanA, kama honA hai aura anapavartana kA artha kama na honA hai| Ayu karma kA apavartana hI akAlamaraNa hai| arthAt pUrvabandha

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60 anekAnta-55/4 anantara hone vAle Ayu karma kA udaya hokara usake kSaya ke kAraNa jo maraNa hotA hai, usako akAlamaraNa yA apamRtyu kahate haiN| jo maraNa Ayu karma ke pUrvabandha ke anusAra apavartana ke abhAva meM hotA hai, vahI svakAlamaraNa hai| ___ zAstroM meM svakAlamaraNa aura akAlamaraNa donoM kA vyAkhyAna hai, kintu niyativAda ke poSaka ekAntavAdI vidvAnoM ne paryAyoM kI niyatatA ko siddha karane ke lie zAstroM meM varNita akAlamaraNa jaise viSaya kA niSedha karanA zuru kiyaa| aisA karanA mujhe soddezya lagatA hai kyoMki logoM ko saMsAra zarIra bhogoM se bhayabhIta na rahane kI preraNA aura puruSArthahIna banAnA unakA uddezya rahA hai, jisase bhoga vilAsitA meM lipta rahate hue bhI unheM binA tyAga aura tapa ke dharmAtmA mAnA jAnA jaay| saMsAra zarIra se rAga karane vAle ve loga mahAtmA, satpuruSa kahalAyeM aise logoM ke mantavya ko puSTa karane hetu DaoN. hukumacanda bhArilla dvArA likhita "kramabaddha paryAya' nAmaka pustaka jabase prakAzita huI tabhI se vizeSa rUpa se logoM ko "akAlamaraNa' nahIM hotA hai, yaha matibhrama huA hai, kyoMki isa pustaka meM AcArya praNIta granthoM kI upekSA kara kramabaddha paryAya kI siddhi hetu akAlamaraNa kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, kevala kAlamaraNa ko hI mAnA hai, jo vyavahAranaya ke viparIta hai| AcAryoM ne nizcaya-vyavahAra kA Azraya lekara hI sarvatra vyAkhyAna kiyA hai, unhoMne "akAlamaraNa' ke viSaya meM jo kahA hai, vahIM yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| prAyaH sabhI ArSa granthoM meM akAlamaraNa ko mAnA gayA hai| paJca samavAya hI kArya sAdhaka haiN| akele niyati se siddhi nahIM hone vAlI hai| kArya kI siddhi ke lie nimitta aura puruSArtha kI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| kucha aise nimitta jIva ko milate haiM, jinake kAraNa bhujyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA ho jAtI hai aura jIva kA samaya se pUrva akAla meM hI maraNa ho jAtA hai| isI ko zAstrIya pramANoM sahita prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai AcArya kundakunda svAmI ne akAlamaraNa ke nimna kAraNa batalAyeM haiMvisaveyaNarattakkhayabhayasatthaggahaNaM sNkilesaannN| AhArussAsANaM NirohaNA khijjade aauu|| 25 //

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anekAnta-55/4 himannlslilguruyrpvvtruruhnnpuynnbhNgehi| rasavijjoyadharANaM aNayapasaMgehiM vivihehi| 26 // -bhAvapAhuDa arthAt- viSa bhakSaNa se, vedanA kI pIr3A ke nimitta se, rudhira ke kSaya ho jAne se, bhaya se, zastraghAta se, saMkleza pariNAma se, AhAra tathA zvAsa ke nirodha se, Ayu kA kSaya ho jAtA hai aura himapAta se, agni se jalane ke kAraNa, jala meM DUbane se, bar3e parvata para car3hakara girane se, bar3e vRkSa para car3hakara girane se, zarIra kA bhaMga hone se, pArA Adi rasa ke saMyoga (bhakSaNa) se Ayu kA vyuccheda ho jAtA hai| AcArya zivArya sallekhanA lene vAle bhavyAtmA ko saMbodhana karate hue kahate haiM iya tiriya maNuyaM jamme suidaM uvavajjhi UNa bhubaa| avamiccu mahAdukkhaM tivvaM pattosi taM mittN|| 26 / / - bhagavatI ArAdhanA he mitra! isa prakAra tiryaJca aura manuSya janma meM cirakAla taka aneka bAra utpanna hokara tU apamRtyu ke mahAdu:kha ko prApta huA hai| ukta kathana akAlamaraNa kI mAnyatA meM sAdhaka hI haiM, bAdhaka nahIM haiN| Ayu karma hai isakA pUrNa hone se pUrva hI udaya meM AnA udIraNA hai| kisI bhI karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI hotI hai| yaha udIraNA bhujyamAna tiryaJcAyu aura manuSyAyu kI sarva sammata hai kintu bhujyamAna devAyu aura narakAyu kI bhI udIraNA siddhAnta meM milatI hai jaisA ki likhA bhI hai "saMkamaNAkaraNUNA NavakaraNA hoMti savva AUNaM" (gommaTa. karma gA. 441) eka saMkramaNa ko chor3akara bAkI ke bandha, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, udIraNA, satva, udaya, upazAnta, nidhatti aura nikAcanA ye navakaraNa sampUrNa AyuoM meM hote haiN| kisI bhI karma kI udIraNA usake udayakAla meM hI hotI hai udIraNA ko paribhASita karate hue nemicandrAcArya ne kahA hai "udayAvalI ke dravya se adhika sthiti vAle dravya ko apakarSaNa ke dvArA udayAvalI meM DAla denA udIraNA hai|''(|) isase niSkarSa nikalA ki karma kI udIraNA usake udaya hAlata meM hI ho sakatI hai athavA anudaya prApta karma ko udaya meM lAne ko

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anekAnta-55/4 udIraNA kahate haiN|(2) udIraNA bhujyamAna Ayu kI hI ho sakatI hai kyoMki gommaTasAra karmakANDa me badhyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA kA "parabhava Augassa ca udIraNA Natthi NiyameNa" isa niyama ke AdhAra se spaSTa niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yaha bhI kahA hai ki deva nArakI, caramottama deha ke dhAraka asaMkhyAta varSa kI Ayu vAle manuSya tiryaJca ko chor3akara bAkI ke udayagata Ayu kI udIraNA saMbhava nahIM hai|(3) sabhI karmoM kI udIraNA apakarSaNa hone para hI hotI hai| jaba taka karma ke dravya kI sthiti kA apakarSaNa nahIM hogA, taba taka usa dravya kA udayAvalI meM kSepaNa nahIM ho sktaa| jo karma adhika samaya taka udaya meM AtA rahegA, vaha udayAvalI meM prakSipta hone para udaya meM Akara naSTa ho jaayegaa| yaha apakarSaNa ke binA nahIM ho sktaa| bhaTTAkalaMka deva ne aupapAdika janma vAle deva-nArakI, caramottama deha dhArI aura asaMkhyAta varSAyuSka ko anapavartya Ayu vAle arthAt kAlamaraNa ko prApta hone vAle batAkara spaSTa kara diyA hai ki jinakI Ayu saMkhyAta varSa kI hotI hai aise karmabhUmiyAM manuSya aura tiryaJca apavartya arthAt akAlamaraNa ko prApta ho sakate haiM, unhoMne likhA hai "aprAptakAlasya maraNAnupalabdherapavartAbhAva iti cet, na, dRsstttvaadaamrphlaadivt| yathA avadhAritapAkakAlAta prAka sopAyopakrame satyAmra-phalAdInAM dRSTapAkastathA paricchinnamaraNakAlAt prAgudIraNA pratyaya AyuSo bhvtypvrtH'| arthAt aprAptakAla meM maraNa kI anupalabdhi hone se akAlamaraNa nahIM hai, aisA nahIM kahanA kyoMki phalAdi ke smaan| jaise kAgaja Adi upAyoM ke dvArA Amra Adi phala avadhArita (nizcita) paripAka kAla ke pUrva hI pakA die jAte haiM yA paripakva ho jAte haiM, aisA dekhA jAtA hai-usI prakAra paricchinna (avadhArita) maraNakAla ke pUrva hI udIraNA ke kAraNa se Ayu kI udIraNA hokara akAlamaraNa ho jAtA hai| (tattvArthakArtika 2/52 kI TIkA) AcAryavarya Age isI ko siddha karane ke lie aura pramANa dete haiM ve kahate haiM ki Ayurveda ke sAmarthya se akAlamaraNa siddha hotA hai, jaise aSTAMga Ayurveda ko jAnane vAlA ati nipuNa vaidya yathAkAla vAtAdi ke udaya pUrva hI vamana, virecana Adi ke dvArA anudIrNa hI

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anekAnta-55/4 63 kapha Adi doSoM ko balAt nikAla detA hai, dUra kara detA hai tathA akAla mRtyu ko dUra karane ke lie rasAyana Adi kA upadeza detA hai| yadi akAlamaraNa na hotA to rasAyana Adi kA upadeza vyartha hai| rasAyana kA upadeza hai ata: Ayurveda ke sAmarthya se bhI akAlamaraNa siddha hotA hai| du:kha kA pratIkAra karane ke lie Ayurvedika prayoga hai, aisA nahIM hai ubhayataH auSadhi kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| kevala du:kha ke pratIkAra ke lie hI auSadhi dI jAtI hai, yaha bAta nahIM hai, apitu utpanna roga ko dUra karane ke lie aura anutpanna ko haTAne ke lie bhI dI jAtI hai| jaise auSadhi se asAtA karma dUra kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra viSa Adi ke dvArA Ayu hvAsa aura usake anukUla auSadhi se Ayu kA anapavarta dekhA jAtA hai|(4) __ mahAn tArkika vidyAnanda svAmI bhI ukta kathana kA kAla aura akAlanayoM kI dRSTi se samarthana karate hue likhate hai (5) ki jinakA maraNakAla prApta nahIM huA unake bhI maraNa kA abhAva nahIM hai arthAt unakA bhI maraNa ho jAtA hai kyoMki khaDga prahAra Adi ke dvArA maraNakAla prApta na hone para bhI maraNa dekhA jAtA hai| yadi yaha kahA jAye ki jinakA mRtyukAla A gayA unhI kA khaDga prahAra Adi dvArA maraNa dekhA jAtA hai, jinakA maraNakAla A gayA unakA to usa samaya maraNa hogA hI, ata: vaha khaDga prahAra Adi kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA arthAt khaDga prahAra Adi hogA taba bhI maraNa hogA aura khaDga prahAra Adi nahIM hogA taba bhI maraNa hogA kyoMki usakA maraNakAla vyavasthita hai| jinake maraNakAla kA khaDga prahAra Adi anvaya vyatireka hai arthAt khaDga prahAra Adi hogA to mRtyukAla utpanna ho jAyegA, yadi khaDga prahAra Adi nahIM hogA to maraNakAla utpanna nahIM hogA, unakA mRtyukAla avyavasthita (aniyata) hai anyathA khaDga prahAra Adi kI nirapekSatA kA prasaMga A jAyagA kintu akAla mRtyu ke abhAva meM Ayurveda kI pramANabhUta cikitsA tathA zalya cikitsA (Aparezana) kI sAmarthya kA prayoga kisa para kiyA jAe? kyoMki cikitsA Adi kA prayoga akAla mRtyu ke pratIkAra ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| Age aura bhI kahate haiM-"kasyacidAyurudayAntarar3e. hetau bahiraGge. pathyAhArAdau vicchinne jIvanasyAbhAve prasakte tatsampAdanAya jIvanAdhAnayevApamRtyorastu pratikAraH" arthAt Ayu kA antaraGga. kAraNa hone para bhI kintu pathya AhAra Adi ke viccheda

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anekAnta-55/4 rUpa bahirar3a kAraNa mila jAne se jIvana ke abhAva kA prasaMga A jAtA hai| aisA prasaMga Ane para jIvana ke AdhArabhUta AhArAdika akAla mRtyu ke pratikAra haiN| hAM, akAlamaraNa kA mRtyukAla nizcita hotA to akAla mRtyu kA pratikAra nahIM ho sakatA thA jaise kAlamaraNa kA mRtyukAla vyavasthita hai, usakA pratikAra nahIM ho sakatA kintu akAla mRtyu kA pratikAra ho sakatA hai kyoMki akAla mRtyu kA mRtyukAla avyavasthita (aniyata) hai, vaha mRtyukAla bahiraMga vizeSa kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai| bAhayakAraNoM se Ayu kA kSaya hotA hai yahI bAta nemicandrAcArya ne kahI hai|(6) bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM asatya ke prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai "vidyamAna padArtha kA pratiSedha karanA so prathama asatya hai jaise karmabhUmi ke manuSya kI akAla meM mRtyu kA niSedha krnaa|''(7) yaha prathama asatya mAnanA nizcita hI kAlamaraNa ke samAna akAlamaraNa kI sattA siddha karatA hai| karmabhUmiyAM manuSya aura tiryaJca jIvoM kI badhyamAna aura bhujyamAna Ayu meM apavartana hotA hai isakA pramANa tattvArthazlokavArtika se nimna rUpa meM dekhie- "AyurbandhaM kurvatAM jIvAnAM pariNAmavazena badhyamAna bhvti| tadevApavartanaM ghAta ityucyte| udIyamAnAyarapavartasya kdliighaataabhidhaanaat|" Ayu karma kA bandha karane vAle jIvoM kI pariNAma ke kAraNa se badhyamAna Ayu kA apavartana bhI hotA hai, vahI apavartana ghAta kahA jAtA hai kyoMki udIyamAna Ayu ke apavartana kA nAma kadalIghAta hai| ___ AcAryoM ne aise mahApuruSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jinakA akAla meM Ayu kA kSaya huA hai| jainAgama meM naya vivakSA ke kathana ko hI prAmANika mAnA gayA hai AcArya amRtacandra kAla ke sAtha akAla kA ullekha karate hue likhate haiM-"kAlanayena nidAghadivasAnusAri pacyamAnasahakAraphalavatsamayApatrasiddhiH akAlanayena kRtrimoSma pacyamAnasahakAraphalavatsamayAnAyatta siddhiH" (pravacanasAra) arthAt kAla naya se kArya kI siddhi samaya ke adhIna hotI hai, jaise Amraphala garmI ke dinoM meM pakatA hai| arthAt kAlanaya se kArya apane vyavasthita samaya para hotA hai| akAlanaya se kArya kI siddhi samaya ke adhIna nahIM hotI hai jaise

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anekAnta-55/4 Amraphala ko kRtrima garmI se pakA liyA jAtA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki sarvakArya kAla ke anusAra hI hote haiM aisA nahIM hai kyoMki jahA~ kAla ke AdhAra para kArya siddhi batAyI hai, vahIM akAla meM bhI kArya hotA hai aisA sarvajJa kA kathana hai| yahI prAmANika hai| aneka paurANika kathanoM ke AdhAra para Ay ke apakarSakaraNa kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| laukika udAharaNa se bhI mamajhA jA sakatA hai| jaise moTara gAr3I kI tela kI TaMkI pUrI bharI huI hai, usake dvArA hajAra mIla kI yAtrA pUrI ho sakatI hai, kintu gAr3I cAra sau mIla calakara ruka gyii| jaba kAraNa para vicAra kiyA gayA taba patA calI ki TaMkI me surAkha ho jAne se tela kSaya ko prApta ho gyaa| ata: gAr3I samaya se pUrva vanda ho gii| yAtrA bhI pUrI na karA sakI isI prakAra Ayu karma bhI kisI bAhma yA antaraMga nimitta ko pAkara samaya se pUrva kSaya ko prApta ho jAtA hai| ___ yahA~ yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki badhyamAna Aya kI sthiti meM aura anubhAga meM jisa prakAra apavartana hotA hai, usI prakAra bhujyamAna Ayu kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM bhI apavartana hotA hai kintu badhyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA nahIM hotI aura bhujyamAna Ayu kI udIraNA hotI hai, jisase akAlamaraNa bhI hotA hai, yaha ukta anekoM pramANoM se siddha hotA hai| / aNaNAThayammRdaya mathuhaNamudIraNA ha asthi t| gA kama gA 43) udamAla bAhasthitasthiti dravyamyApakarpaNavazAdRdayAvatayA nikSapaNamadIraNA khulA ? apkvpaacnmdaarnnaa| 3 parabhavAyuSA niyamanAdIraNA nAmti udayagatasyavApapAdikacagmAttamadahA makhyaya varSAyubhyA'nyatra ttybhvaat|| gA karma gA 918 + tanvArthavArtika prathama bhAga : 427,28 ( AryikA supAvati kana ttiikaa)| 5 na maprApnakAlagya magNAbhAva. khaDgaprahAdibhirmagNamya darzanAtA prApta kAlamyava tamya tathA darzanamiti cata 6 punarayoM kAla prApnA'pamRtyukAlavAra prathamapakSa middhamAdhyatA, dvitIya pakSa khaDgaprahAdinirapekSattva prasagaH makalabahi. kAraNavizaSa nirapakSamya mRtyakAraNamya mRtyukAla vyavasthita, zastramapAnAdi bahiragakAraNAnvaya vytirkaanvidhaayinmtmyaapmRtyukaaltvoptnH| tadabhAva panarAyaveda prAmANyacikitmAdInA kva maamopyogaaH| -tanvArthavArtika, 2/53 kI TIkA {, vipavayaNaratakkhaya bhayamanthaggahaNa skilehi| umpAmAhAgaNa NigahaNA chijjada aauu|| - karmakANDa, 57 7 paDhama asatavayaNa madatthamma hAdi pddimehaa| tthi paramsa akAla maccati jdhymaadiiy|| - bhaga 830 gAthA -rIDara-saMskRta vibhAga di. jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta

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