Tattva Sangraha Vol 1

Author(s): Kamlashila, Ganganatha Jha
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

Page 59

TATTVASANGRAHA : CHAPTER 1.
TEXT (43) SO ALSO THE VARIOUS PRODUCTS OF CLAY AND OTHER THINGS ARE NOT RROOONISED AS IMBUED WITH ANY SINGLE GENERIC CHARACTER, NOR AS THE EFFECTS OF ANY SINGLE CAUSE; AS ALL SUCH THINGS AS THE 'LUMP OF CLAY ARE
DIVERSE.-(43)
COMMENTARY. The phrase "and other things is meant to include the products of such things as Gold and the like. The term 'so also may be taken as cumulative,-adding one further defect in the Opponent's reasoning, -or an indicating similarity (to other defects already pointed oat).-The phrase * not imbued with any single Generic Character' serves to show that the Instance cited (Jar, etc.) is devoid of the property of what has been cited (by the Sarikhya) as the Probans of his reasoning.-The phrase "Nor as the effects of any single Cause', has to be construed with recognised '; and it serves to show that the property of the (Sankhya's) Probandum also is not present in the instance eited.
Objection—" As a matter of fact, single Causes-of all such things, -aro actually found in the form of the Lump of Clay or of Gold and other things; and every one of these is also found to be imbued with the Generic Character of 'Clay', 'Gold' and the like. In what way then is our Instance devoid of both the properties of the Probans and the Probandum ?"
Answer-As all such things as the 'Lump of Clay' are diverse there can be no such single composite entity as 'Lump of Clay' if there were, then (since Generic Oharacters are all-pervading ex hypothesi), if it covered one point in space, the entire space would become covered. Nor is any
Generic Character' found to appear in each individual thing, -every one of which is perceived as distinct by itself.—(43)
The Text again proceeds to show the inconclusiveness of the Sünkhya's Reason-"Because of Homogeneity"-by itself:
TEXT (44). IN THE CASE OF SPIRITS, EVEN THOUGH THEY ARE ENDOWED WITE
SENTIENCE AND OTHER QUALITIES, THEY ARE NOT REGARDED (BY THE Sankhya) AS PRECEDED (PRODUCED BY A SINGLE ENTITY (AS THEIR CAUSE).- IT MIGHT BE SAID THAT "THE SAID QUALITIES ARE ATTRIBUTED TO THE SPIRITS) ONLY SECONDARILY (INDIRECTLY, FIGURATIVELY)";THEN WHY CANNOT THE SAME BE THE CASE IN REGARD TO THE MATTER UNDER
DISCUSSION ALSO -(44)
COMMENTARY For instance, the Spirits are regarded (by the Sankhya) to be endowed with endless such properties as being sentient', 'enjoyer' and the like;