________________
524
TATTVASANGRAHA : CHAPTER XVI.
predominant factor, no exclusion of others' is apprehended ;-why ? because in their case, etc. etc.'; in the case of nouns-terms like .ghafa (Jar), oto.-with declensional endings, there are certain well-established entities in the shape of the non-jar, etc. which are negatived and can figure in the exclusion' (expressed by the word Jar'); not 50 in the case of verbs, like 'pachati', etc. where no well-established counter-entities are ever apprehended.-(974)
The following might be urgedThere may be nothing to be negatived actually figuring in the exclusion, even so, there may be a probable counterentity (na-pachati) of which there could be negation in the form na-na-pachali.' [So that the denotation of the verb pachati would be na-na-pachali]:
This is answered in the following
TEXTS (975-976).
"EVEN WHEN na-na WOULD BE UTTERED, THERE WOULD BE NEGATION
OF NEGATION ONLY; SO THAT THE pachati (ACTION OF cooking) WOULD REMAIN THERE IN ITS OWN (POSITIYD) FORM.SIMILARLY IN THE CASE OF VERBS THERE IS THE IDEA or being in course of accomplishment, AS ALSO THAT OF THE past, ETC.; AND AS Apoha IS SOMETHING WELL-ESTABLISHED, THESE IDEAS WOULD BE BASELESS (IF Apoha WERE ALL THAT IS DENOTED BY WORDS)."[Shlo. Va. Apoha 140-141)
(975-976)
COMMENTARY.
Even when the expressionna-na-pachati' is uttered, what is expressed is only the negation of a probable negation.
What is the harın in that ?
Answer-So that the pachati' éto sto; that is to say, two negatives alwaye denote an affirmation; so that on the use of the suid expression, the action of pachati' remains there in its positive form ; hence the denotation of the word would be positive (not negative, in the shape of Apoha).
Then again, the verb pachati' signifies an act in the course of being accomplished; and that action is regarded as in the course of being accomplished of which some portions have been accomplished while some are still unaccom. plished, and of which therefore the portions happen to be in a certain order of sequence.-Similarly in the case of such verbs as 'abhūt' (Past Tense) and bhavisyati (Future Tense), there are ideas of past and future points of time.
