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INFERENCE.
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the desired end. Consequently it is not necessary to state the Final Conclusion for the purpose of bringing about the said connection.-.(1441)
TEXT (1442) SOME PEOPLE HOLD THAT INFERENCE IS OF TWO KINDS AS FOLLOWS(A) That based upon perceived particulars AND (B) that based
upon generalised relationship.-(1442)
COMMENTARY Some people'-Kumārila and others.
They describe Inference as of two kinds-(1) that based upon perceived particulars, and (2) that based upon generalised relationship.-(1442)
Question :- Which is the Inference based upon the Perceived Particulars Answer :-[Given by Kumārila) :
TEXTS (1443-1445).
(A) "That based upon the relationship of perceived. Particulars is as
FOLLOWS IT SO HAPPENS THAT, IN THE CASE OF TWO PARTICULAR THINGS, SUCH AS THE Fire PRODUCED BY BURNING DRIED CowDUNG, AND THE Smoke PROCEEDING FROM THAT FIRE, THE OBSERVER HAS THE COGNITION OF THE THINGS, AND THEN SUBSEQUENTLY, ON GOING TO ANOTHER PLACE, THE OBSERVER HAPPENS AGAIN AND AGAIN TO RECOGNISE IN OTHER PLACES THE PRESENCE OF THE SAME FIRE THROUGH THE INDICATION OF THE SAME SMOKE SEEN BEFORE ; AND DUE VALIDITY ATTACHES TO SUCH COGNITION (BY REASON OF TTS BEING BASED UPON THE PREVIOUS PERCEPTIONAL COGNITION), AND IT BECOMES RECOGNISED AS A MEANS OF COGNITION DISTINOT FROM PERCEPTION: BECAUSE IT BRINGS ABOUT THE COGNITION OF A THING (FIRE) THE EXISTENCE OF WHICH HAD BEEN IN doubt. It is THIS THAT HAS BEEN DESCRIBED BY Vindhyarisin AS INFERENCE based upon the perceived relationship OF PARTIOULARS".-Shloka. vārtika-INFERENCE, 141-143).—(1443-1445)
COMMENTARY What is meant is as follows First of all, the man has noticed through Sense-perception in a certain place a particular Fire and a particular Smoke,at a later time, he goes to another place and again and again sees the same particular Smoke, and then infers the same particular Fire this is Inference based upon the perception (of the relationship) of Particulars, it is so called because it has for its objective the previously-perceived Particular. This
