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EXAMINATION OF THE IMPORT OF WORDS.
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TEXTS (1195-1199). THE DENOTABILITY THAT YOU ASK ABOUT-IS DENOTABILITY' BY
WHICH word ? IS IT DENOTABILITY' BY THE WORD 'Apoha' OR BY THE WORD JAR' AND THE REST ?-AS REGARDS THE QUESTION-WHETHER THE Apoha THAT IS DENOTED IS ITSELF OF THE NATURE OF Apoha (NDGATION, EXCLUSION) OR IT IS SOMETHING POSITIVE, WHEN WE COME TO THINK OF IT, WHAT IS COGNISED IS THE Apoha THAT FIGURES IN THE COGNITION-OUR VIEW IS THAT WHAT IS DENOTED BY THE WORD DIRECTLY IS THE REFLECTED IMAGE-AND AS REGARDS THE NEGATION OF OTHER THINGS, LIKE THE UNIVERSAL ETO., THAT IS COMPREHENDED ONLY INDIRECTLY, THROUGH IMPLICATION.-WHAT ALL SUCH WORDS AS JAR', ' TREE AND THE LIKE DENOTE IS THE SAID REFLECTED IMAGE, AS IT IS THE COGNITION OF THIS THAT THEY PRODUCE DIRECTLY; AND ANYTHING ELSE, THEY IMPLY ONLY INDIRECTLY.-THUS THEN, THERE IS NO INOONGRUITY REGARDING THE POSITIVE CHARACTER ; NOR IS THERE ANYTHING UND ESIRABLE FOR US.- AS REGARDS THE ALTERNATIVE OF A poha NOT BEING DENOTABLE, THAT WE DO NOT ACCEPT ; AND HENCE THAT IS NOT OUR VIEW.-(1195—1199)
COMMENTARY.
As regards the alternatives set forth regarding the denotability of the exclusion of others',-if it is urged in regard to the term 'exclusion of others --then, inasuch as it is held by us that what is denoted by this term is something positive, -that should not have been urged against us as an undesirable contingency.
That is to say, when the question is raised -as to whether what is denoted by the word is something positive, or the exclusion or negation of others '-and it is said that it is the negation of others that is denoted by the word ', there appears in the listener the idea envisaging the negation of others', in the form of a Reflected Image ; and if there is an idea of the negation of positive entities as forming the denotation of the word, that comes only by implication.
It what is urged is with reference to the words Jar' and the like, then, what these words bring about directly is the Apoha in the shape of the Reflected Image, which is denoted by those words in the positive form, and the idea of the negation of others' is obtained by implication ; so that there is no undesirable contingency for us.
Nor is our view open to the objection that there would be no resting ground or finality in the Assumption of Apoha after Apoha); because the
negation of others is held to be comprehended only by implication, and hence to be only an appendage to actual Denotation the view that it is not expressed is not accepted by us; and hence there can be no room for those incongruities that have been urged against that view. This is what is indicated by the words - As regards the alternative, etc. etc.':-(1195-1199)
