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EXAMINATION OF THE IMPORT OF WORDS.
597
TEXT (1165). WORDS LIKE THIS, HOWEVER, ARE UNCONFORMABLE, AS THERE IS ABSENCE OF CONNECTION, ALL VERBAL COGNITIONS DO NOT ALWAYS
ENVISAGE THINGS AS THEY ACTUALLY EXIST. (1165)
COMMENTARY. "Words like this i.e. Like ananyapona's
Unconformable ,-i.e. not in conformity with any real state of things. Question :- Why so ? "
Anguer :- As there is absence of connection':-.e. there is no connection with any such thing as is expressed by the word ; because any positive entity in the shape of the Universal, etc. as denoted by words has already been rejected.
Question: "If that is so, then how is it that the word ' Ananyapoha' brings about the idea of the negation of what is denoted by the word Apoha (as just declared by you)?"
Answer - Alt verbal cognitions, etc. etc.'.-That is, there are some verbal cognitions, as arising out of impressions due to repeated false conceptions, which envisage things that do not exist; and either the existence or non-existence of things cannot be proved on the basis of such cognitions.(1165)
It has been argued (under Text 979, by Kumarila) that" in the case of such words as cognisable, lenouable and the like, there can be nothing that is exchided".
The answer to this is as follows:
TEXT (1166). IN THE CASE OF SUCH WORDS AS 'COGNISABLE' AND 'KNOWABLE', WHICH IS IT IN WHOSE CASE THERE IS NOTHING'EXCLUDED CERTAINLY, SUCH A WORD IS NEVER USED BY INTELLIGENT MEN, ALONE BY ITSELF AND
SUDDENLY.-(1166)
COMMENTARY. Among the words 'cognisable and the like, which is it in whose case it is said that there is nothing 'excluded ' -If it is said in regard to the word 'knowable alone by itself, apart from any sentence, and independently of all connection with other words, then the argument is superfluous; because a word alone by itself is never used, and hence has no meaning at all.
This is what is shown in the text by the words Certainty such a word, etc. etc.; alone, without any other words. - Suddenly - without any context.
As a matter of fact, it is for the benefit of the listeners that words are uttered, -not because the speaker has the habit of using them; and single word could not confer any benefit on the listener, in the shape of remov
