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548
TATTVASANGRAHA : CHAPTER XVI.
conception, the effect in the shape of Cognition is spoken of as one; and because of its being the basis again, the things-Jar, etc.-also come to be spoken of as 'one',-(1036-1037)
Thus then, even without a positive entity in the shape of the Universal, the words "Jar, etc. come to be the common denotative of several things. This is the conclusion asserted in the following
TEXT (1038). OF THESE, WORDS LIKEJAR' HAVE BEEN SAID TO BE COMMON DENOTATIVES, ON THE SINGLE BASIS OF THE REFLECTION DISTINGUISHED
(EXCLUDED) FROM UNLIKE THINGS'.-(1038)
COMMENTARY. The following text shows that even with regard to one and the same thing,-even without a positive 'Universal' or Particular there is application of several words independently of one another :
TEXT (1039).
SIMILARLY, WHEN PERFORMING SEVERAL FRUITFUL FUNCTIONS, EVEN A SINGLE THING IS SPOKEN OF AS IF IT WERE MANY,-BY VIRTUE OF THE MULTIPLICITY OF THE EXCLUSIONS OF THINGS NOT
PERFORMING THOSE FUNCTIONS.(1039)
COMMENTARY. Sometimes, even while only one, by its nature, a thing comes to perform several functions, through the intervention of other accessories; and in such cases, even without any diverse elements in the shape of positive commonal. ties and the like, several characters are imposed upon it on account of the multiplicity of exclusions of things not performing those functions; and as a consequence of this, several words come to be applied to that thing.-(1039)
An example of this is cited in the following
TEXT (1040).
FOR INSTANCE, Colour IS SPOKEN OF AS AN OBSTACLE AND ALSO AS
VISIBLE'-AND Sound IS SPOKEN OF AS 'COGNISED AFTER EFFORT', AND ALSO AS AUDITORY' OR 'AUDIBLE'.-(1040)
COMMENTARY Colour is spoken of as an obstacle' when it prevents the appearance of another colour in its own place; and it is also spoken of as visible, because it serves to bring about visual perception.
