Prakrit Prose and Verse

Author(s): Kamalchand Sogani
Publisher: Apbhramsa Sahitya Academy
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/006536/1

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Prakrta Prose and Verse Dr. Kamal Chand Sogani roottatt jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrI mahAvIrajI Apabhraisa Sahitya Academy Jaina Vidya Samsthana Digambara Jaina Atisaya Ksetra Sri Mahaviraji Rajasthan in Education International

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Prakta Prose and Verse [English Translation of the Selected Portions of Praketa Gadya-Padya Saurabha] Dr. Kamal Chand Sogani (Former Professor of Philosophy M.L. Sukhadia University Udaipur) prANujjIyo jovo Published by Apabhramsa Sahitya Academy Jaina Vidya Samsthana Digambara Jaina Atisaya Ksetra Sri Mahaviraji Rajasthan

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Publisher: Apabhraisa Sahitya Academy (Jaina Vidya Samsthana) Digambara Jaina Atisaya Ksetra Sri Mahaviraji Sri Mahaviraji - 322 220 (Rajasthan) Copies From : Jaina Vidya Samsthana Sri Mahaviraji - 322 220 (Rajasthan) Telephone : 07469-2224323 Sahitya Vikraya Kendra Digambara Jaina Nasiyam Bhattarakaji Savai Ramasimha Road, Jaipur - 302 004 Tel. : 0141-2385247 All rights reserved First Edition : 2008 Price: Rs.5001 - US$ 22 Computer Typesetting : Shyam Agarwal A-336, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur - 302017 (Rajasthan) Ph.: 9887223674 Printed at: Jaipur Printers Pvt. Ltd. M.I. Road, Jaipur - 302 001 Telephone : 0141-2373822, 2362468

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Lesson No. Subject Prelusive Dedication Introduction 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Contents Mangalacarana Samanasuttam Uttaradhyayana Vajjalagga Bhagavati Aradhana Amangaliyapurisassa Kaha Viusie Puttabahue Kahanagam Gehe Suro Vajjalagga Bhagavati Aradhana Amangaliyapurisassa Kaha Viusie Puttabahue Kahanagam Gehe Suro Page No. vii ix xi 2 2 2 3 Grammatical Analysis and Meaning of Words Mangalacarana Samanasuttam Uttaradhyayana 10 24 34 44 52 56 66 79 89 114 132 149 162 171 199

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'la a k k `rh c T ++ t t PA p y khry y z S B. 1. A a (Anusvara) i i kh kh ch ch th th th ph ph r r S $ Prakrta Prose and Verse Diacritical Marks Vowels u u Consonants g g j j D d d d b l 1 U u s S gh gh jh jh dU dh dh dh bh bh v V po h h o 0 C J n 5 C N n n FE m m V

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Prelusive We feel great pleasure in placing the book 'Praksta Prose and Verse' in the hands of the readers. In fact, this book is the English translation of the second edition of 'Praksta Gadya - Padya Saurabha' published in 2003 by the Apabhraisa Sahitya Academy, Jaipur. It goes without saying that Praksta language is one of the richest Indo-Aryan languages. It is the most ancient and sacred language of India. It is of capital importance to note that Praksta is the language of the masses. Its vast literature in varied literary forms contributes to the dignity and excellence of the cultural heritage of Indian tradition. In consequence, the proper understanding of Praksta and Apabhramsa language and literature is indispensible for comprehending the development of Hindi literature rightly and adequately. Recognising the importance of Praksta language in the cultural history of India, the Managing Committe of Digambara Jaina Atisaya Ksetra, Sri Mahaviraji established Apabhraisa Sahitya Academy in 1988, which runs correspondence courses for teaching Praksta and Apabhramsa languages. The Academy has published books for the implementation of these courses. Books on Prakrta Prose and Verse Jain Education international vii

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Praksta Grammar and Composition, Praksta Exercises and Advance Praksta Grammar and Composition have been published for those desirous of learning Praksta language through Hindi medium. For teaching Praksta language to the English knowing people, our new publication, "Praksta Prose and Verse' which is the English translation of 'Praksta Gadya - Padya Saurabha' in Hindi will facilitate the learning of Praksta to the students of English language. Praksta Grammar and Composition has already been published in 2006. We offer our thanks to the learned researchers of the Samsthana (Institute) specially Smt. Shakuntala Jain and to M/s Jaipur Printers Pvt. Ltd. for organising the publication of the book. Naresh Kumar Sethi Prakash Chand Jain Dr. Kamal Chand Sogani President Secretary Samyojaka Managing Committee Jaina Vidya Samsthana Samiti Digambara Jaina Atisaya Ksetra Jaipur Sri Mahaviraji 28 October, 2008 viii Praksta Prose and Verse

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Dedicated To Dr. A.N. Upadhye And Dr. Hiralal Jain

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Introduction Relating to Prakyta language, the following should be understood. Alphabets of Praksta Vowels 37, 37, ?, , 3, , 9, 3 a, a, i, i, u, d, e, o Consonants as, a, a, a, 5 ka, kha, ga, gha, na 2, 3, 5, 7, ca, cha, ja, jha, na tha, da, dha, na ta tha, da, dha, na pa, pha, ba, bha, ma 9, , , a ya, ra, la, va sa, ha . (Anusvara) (Anunasika) n, It may be noted here that in Praksta the use of na and na is not found in non-conjunct form. In Hemacandra Praksta Grammar the use of na and na in conjunct form is traceable. The use of na is seen in conjunct and non-conjunct form. The alternative of na, na, na in conjunct form is m.

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Number : In Praksta language, there are only two numbers :1. Singular 2. Plural Gender: In Praksta language, there are three Genders :1. Masculine Gender 2. Feminine Gender 3. Neuter Gender Person : In Praksta language, there are only three Persons :1. First Person 2. Second Person 3. Third Person Case : In Praksta language, there are eight Cases :1. Nominative Case 2. Accusative Case 3. Instrumental Case 4. Dative Case 5. Ablative Case 6. Genitive Case 7. Locative Case 8. Vocative Case Verb: In Praksta language, there are only two kinds of Verbs :1. Transitive 2. Intransitive Tense: In Praksta language, there are four type of Tenses :1. Present Tense 2. Past Tense 3. Future Tense 4. Imperative Words : In Praksta language, four kinds of Words are in use :1. a-ending 2. i-i-ending 3. a- ending 4. u-u-ending xii Prakrta Prose and Verse

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The Vocalic sounds of the Devanagari Syllabary in combination with the consonants of the syllabary ka ki ku kha kha kha kha khA kha khi khi khI khi khu khu khU khu khe khe kho kho gi gI go gU gu ge ge gi gu . go gha gha gha ghA ghi ghi ghi ghI ghi ghu chu ghU phu ghe ghe gho gho Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jainelivary.org

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Ga na GA Gi nari GI ni ku nu kU nu Ge ne Go no ___ ca cA ci cI l`y lGw ce co ci 3 2 2 ___ cha | cha chA cha chi chi chI chi chu chu chU chu che che cho cho ja jA ji jI lky llkw je jo E E jha jha jhA jha jhi jhi jhI jhi jhu jhu jhU jhu jhe jhe jho jho XIV Praksta Prose and Verse

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na tra na A na ji ni jI ni ju nu jU na ne no jo no Ta TA Ti TI Tu TU Te To I tu - te tha Tha ThAThi tha tha thi ThI thi Thu thu ThU thu The the Tho tho Da da DA da Di di DI DI di Du du DU du De de Do do dha DhU Dhe Dha dha DhA dha Dhi dhi DhI Dhu dhidhu Dho dho dhu dhe Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jaineXVrary.org

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5 2 Na ta ta tha tha da 65 dha dha Na na ta ta tha tha da da dha dha Xvi NA na tA ta thA tha dA da ni ti ti thi thi di ka di S dhi ni ti thi to di dhA dhi dhI dha dhi Nu nu tu tu thu thu du am du dhu tkr) dhu nu tU tu thU thu du dhU blw dhu Ne ne na te the de No no to to tho tho do do dhe dho dhe dho Prakrta Prose and Verse

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na na pa pa pha pha ba Ba bha Bha ma Ma na na pa pa ba ba ma nA ma na pA pa bha bhA bha bha pha phA phi pha pha phi phi bA ba mA ma Prakrta Prose and Verse ni ni pi pipI nanu 5 ni mi pi bi bi bi mi 416 bI nu (b) mi pu pu lh bhi bhI bhu bhi bhi bu bu phu phu phu bhu mI mu mu nU nu pU pu zra bU bu lhw mlw bhU bhu mU lw mu ne ne pe pe Af phe na be bhe bhe me me no no po po pho pho bo bo bho bho mo mo xvii

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ya yu yU ye yo yA ya yi yi yI yi yu E. ra rA ri rI ru rU re ro ra rri . rn ru ru re ro lA li lI l`w te lo E va vA 4 hr vi ' Fi8 va ve 5 khy sa sA sa si si sI si ___ha ha hA ha hi hi hI hi hu hu hU hu he he ho bo xviii Praksta Prose and Verse

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Prakita Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 1 Mangalacarana Namo Arahantanam. Namo Siddhanan. Namo Ayariyanan. Namo Uvajjhayanan Namo Loe Savvasahunam. Eso Pancanamokkaro, Savvapavappanasano. Mangalanam Ca Savvesim, Padhaman Havai Mangalam. 3. Arahanta Mangalam. Siddha Mangalam. Sahu Mangalam. Kevalipannatto Dhammo Mangalam. 4. Arahanta Loguttama. Siddha Loguttama. Sahu Loguttama. Kevalipannatto Dhammo Loguttamo. Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 1 Auspicious Observance Obeisance to Arahantas (embodied spiritually perfect personalities). Obeisance to Siddhas (disembodied spiritually perfect souls). Obeisance to Acaryas (propagators of ethico-spiritual values). Obeisance to Upadhyayas (teachers of ethico-spiritual values). Obeisance to all the Sadhus (pious personalities) in the world. 2. This five-fold obeisance is the destroyer of all the vices and (so) among all the auspicious observances (this) becomes the fore-most auspicious observance. 3. Arahantas are auspicious. Siddhas are auspicious. Sadhus are auspicious. Dharma (ethico-spiritual values) preached by the omniscient is auspicious. 4. Arahantas are excellent in the world. Siddhas are excellent in the world. Sadhus are excellent in the world. Dharma (ethico-spiritual values) preached by the omniscient is excellent in the world. Praksta Prose and Verse

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5. Arahante Saranam Pavvajjami. Siddhe Saranam Pavvajjami. Sahu Saranam Pavvajjami. Kevalipannattam Dhammam Saranam Pavvajjami. 6. Jhayahi Panca Vi Gurave, Mangalacausaranaloyapariyarie. Nara - Sura - Kheyara - Mahie, Arahananayage Vire. 7. Ghanaghaikammamahana, TihuvanavarabhavvaKamalamattanla. Ariha Anantanani, Anuvamasokkha Jayantu Jae. 8. Atthavihakammaviyala, Nitthiyakajja Panatthasamsara. Ditthasayalatthasara, Siddha Siddhim Mama Disantu. Praksta Prose and Verse

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5. Tresort to the shelter of Arahantas. I resort to the shelter of Siddhas. I resort to the shelter of Sadhus. I resort to the shelter of the Dharma (ethico-spiritual values) preached by the omniscient. Meditate only on the five holy teachers (spiritual pillars) who are permeated with spiritual energy, who are auspicious, who are the shelters in the four grades of existence, by whom the world has been adorned, who are the supreme objects of devotion, and who have been adored by the human and celestial beings along with the Vidyadharas (human beings moving in the sky by means of supernormal powers). May the Arahantas who are the annihilators of the dense obscuring Karmas (psycho-physical impurities), who are like the sun for the lotus of releasable souls existent in the three worlds, who are infinite knowers and are also enjoyers of unique bliss, win in the world. 8. May the Siddhas who are devoid of eight types of Karmas (psycho-physical impurities), by whom all the purposes have been accomplished, by whom (their own) reincarnations in the world have been put to an end, by whom the essences of all the substances have been known, show me the path to liberation. Prakrta Prose and Verse

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9. Pancamahavvayatunga, Takkaliya-SaparasamayaSudadhara. Nanagumaganabhariya, Airiya Mama Pasidantu. 10. Annanaghoratimire, Durantatiramhi, Hindamananam. Bhaviyanujjoyayara, Uvajjhaya Varamadim Dentu. 11. Thiradhariyasilamala, Vavagayaraya Jasohapalihattha. Bahuvinayabhusiyanga, Suhaim Sahu Payacchantu. 12. Arihanta, Asarira, Ayariya, Uvajjhaya Munino. Pancakkharanippanno, Orkaro Panca Paramitthi. Prakyta Prose and Verse

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9. May tha Acaryas who have acquired exalted position by observing five Mahavratas (complete vows), who are the possessors of contemporary knowledge of their own faith and the faith of others and who have been saturated with diverse clusters of virtues, do good to me. 10. May the Upadhyayas who are the illuminators of the mundane souls wandering in the dense darkness of ignorance which is difficult in crossing, impart supreme understanding (to me). 11. May the Sadhus who are full of multitude of glory, by whom the garland of virtues has been steadily sustained, by whom attachment has been cast aside and by whom the parts of the body have been adorned with immense modesty, bestow happiness on me. 12. Arahantas, Asariras (Siddhas), Acaryas, Upadhyayas and Munis are the five objects of devotion. Omkara has emerged from the five letters (A + A + A+ U + M). Prakrta Prose and Verse Jain Education international

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8 13. 14. Arahantabhasiyattham Ganaharadevehim Ganthiyam Sammam. Panamami Bhatijutto, Sudananamahodahim Sirasa. Sasamaya-Parasamayaviu, Gambhiro Dittimam Sivo Gunasayakalio Jutto, Pavayanasaram Parikaheum. Somo. Prakrta Prose and Verse

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13. 14. The meaning revealed by the Arahanta (embodied spiritually perfect personality) has been properly worded by the Ganadharas (chief disciples of the Arahanta). So by bowing my head with devotion, I make obeisance to the ocean of (worded) scriptural knowledge. He who is the knower of his own faith and the faith of the other, who is profound, resplendent, benevolent, tranquil and who has been endowed with hundreds of virtues, is competent for delivering the essence of the doctrine (preached by the Arahantas). Prakrta Prose and Verse 9

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Lesson - 2 Samanasuttam 1. Sutthuvi Maggijjanto, Kattha Vi Kelii Natthi Jaha Saro. Indiavisaesu Taha, Natthi Suham Sutthu Vi Gavittham. 2. Jaha Kacchullo Kacchum Kanduyamano Duhan Munai Sukkham. Mohaura Manussa, Taha Kamaduham Suham Binti. 3. Kammam Cinanti Savasa, Tassudayammi U Paravvasa Honti. Rukkham Duruhai Savaso, Vigalai Sa Paravvaso Tatto. 4. Kammavasa Khalu Jiva, Jivavasaim Kahinci Kammaim. Katthai Dhanio Balavam, Dharanio Katthai Balavam. 10 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 2 Samanasuttam 1. Just as in the plantain tree there is anywhere no substance (stem to be seen) in spite of its being searched well, so also there is no (experience of) happiness in sensuous objects even if it has been investigated thoroughly. Just as an itchy (person) scratching his own itch regards that suffering (caused by itching) as pleasure, so also the persons possessed by attachment consider suffering caused by desire to be pleasure. 3. (When men) choose the Karma (action for Karmic bondage) (they) are free; but in the rise of that (bound) Karma, (they) become dependent, (as when a person) climbs a tree, he is free; (but when) he falls from it, he becomes dependent (choiceless). 4. (Somewhere) the Jivas are certainly subject to Karmas (psycho-physical impurities) and somewhere Karmas are certainly subject to Jivas; (as) somewhere the money-lender is powerful (and) somewhere the debtor is powerful. 11 Praksta Prose and Verse

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5. Bhave Viratto Manuo Visogo, Eena Dukkhohaparamparena. Na Lippai Bhavamajjhe Vi Santo, Jalena Va Pokkharinipalasam. 6. Dhammo Mangalamukkittham, Ahimsa Sanjamo Tavo. Deva Vi Tam Namassanti Jassa Dhamme Saya Mano. 7. Dhammo Vatthusahavo, Khamadibhavo Ya Dasaviho Dhammo. Rayanattayam Ca Dhammo, Jivanan Rakkhanam Dhammo. 8. Khammami Savvajivanas, Savve Jiva Khamantu Me. Mitti Me Savvabhudesu, Veram Majjham Na Kena Vi. 9. Je Ya Kante Pie Bhoe, Laddhe Vipit;hikuvvai. Sahine Cayai Bhoe, Se Hu Cai Tti Vuccai. 12 Praksta Prose and Verse

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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. The person who lives in the world unattched to worldly objects becomes free from sorrow. In spite of his being in the midst of the world, he is not defiled by this series of multitude of sufferings, just as the leaf of the lotusplant is not defiled by water. That which is Ahimsa (non-violence), self-restraint and austerity is Dharma (spiritual value). It is by virtue of the Dharma (spiritual values) that supreme spiritual beneficence results. To him whose mind is always (absorbed) in the Dharma (spiritual values) even gods pay homage. The basic nature of a (sentient) thing is known as Dharma (spiritual value); and the mental states of forgiveness etc. are ten kinds of Dharma (spiritual values); the togetherness of three Jewels is also Dharma (spiritual value); and again the protection of Jivas (beings) is Dharma (spiritual value). I forgive all the beings. May all the beings forgive me. My amity exists in all the beings and my enmity is not with anybody too. He who gives his back to the alluring and likeable pleasures which have been obtained (by him) (and also) abandons self-possessed pleasures is really a renunciatory. It is said so. Prakrta Prose and Verse 13

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10. Ja Ja Vajjai Rayani, Na Sa Padiniyattai. Ahammam Kunamanassa, Aphala Janti Raio. 11. Jo Sahassam Sahassanam, Sangame Dujjae Jine. Egam Jinejja Appanam, Esa Se Paramo Jao. 12. Appanameva Jujjhahi, Kim Te Jujjhena Bajjhao. Appanameva Appanam, Jaitta Suhamehae. 13. Appa Ceva Dameyavvo, Appa Hu Khalu Duddamo. Appa Danto Suhi Hoi, Assim Loe Parattha Ya. 14. Anathovam Vanathovam, Aggithovam Kasayathova Ca. Na hu Bhe Visasiyavvar, Thovam Pi Hu Tam Bahu Hoi. 15. Koho Piim Panasei, Mano Vinayanasano. Maya Mittani Nasei, Loho Savvavinasano. Prakyta Prose and Verse 14

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10. That night that passes does not return. The nights of the man committing vicious acts pass in vain. 11. One person may conquer thousands of the thousands in a battle difficult to be conquered and the (other person) may conquer one's own self, this (latter) is his paramount victory. 12. What is the use of one's battling with the external (persons)? Battle (with internal attachment and aversion) in one's own self. (The truth is that) having conquered one's own (attachment and aversion) in one's own self, one's happiness heightens. 13. Verily, the self is difficult to be restrained, (yet) the self alone should be restrained. (The reason is that) the self who has been restrained becomes happy in this world and in the next world. 14. 15. The wound in a small quantity, the debt, fire and passion in a small qunatity should not be relied upon by you, since despite their being in small quantity (each one of them) is undoubtedly very much. Anger dissolves affection; pride is subversive of modesty; hypocrisy throws out friends and greed is destructive of everything. Prakrta Prose and Verse 15

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16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Uvasamena Hane Koham, Manam Maddavaya Jine. Mayam Casjjavabhavena, Lobham Santosao Jine. 16 Jaha Kumme Saangai, Sae Dehe Samahare. Evam Pavaim Mehavi, Ajjhappena Samahare. Se Janamajanam Va, Kattum Ahammiam Payam. Samvare Khippamappanam, Biyam Tam Na Samayare. Je Mamaiya - Matim Jahati, Se Jahati Mamaiyam. Se Hu Ditthapahe Muni, Jassa Natthi Mamaiyam. Savvaganthavimukko, Siibhuo Pasantacitto A. Jam Pavai Muttisuham, Na Cakkavatti Vi Tam Lahai. 21. Savve Jiva Vi Icchanti, Jivium Na Marijjium. Tamha Panavaham Ghoram, Niggantha Vajjayanti Nam. Prakrta Prose and Verse

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16. One should subvert anger by calmness. One should subdue pride by modesty, overcome hypocrisy by simplicity and greed by contentment. 17. Just as the tortoise draws its own limbs in its own body, so also the wise man does away with the vices by means of spirituality. 18. Having committed wrong action consciously or unconsciously the person should immediately restrain his own self (and then) he should not commit it the second time. 19. He who renounces inclination towards an attached thing renounces the attached thing. (He) for whom there does not exist any attached thing, he alone is the knower (by whom) spiritual path has been comprehended. 20. The person destitute of all possessions is tranquil and is of joyful mind and who obtains final beatitude. Even the emperor does not attain that final beatitude. 21. All the Jivas (beings) without exception desire to live and not to die. Self-restraining persons, therefore, certainly give up the distressful taking away of Pranas (vital forces). 17 Praksta Prose and Verse

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22. Jaha Te Na Piam Dukkham, Jania Emeva Savvajivanam. Savvayaramuvautto, Attovammena Kunasu Dayam. 23. Jivavaho Appavaho, Jivadaya Appano Day, Hoi. Ta Savvajivahimsa, Paricatta Attakamehim. 24. Tungam Na Mandarao, Agasao Visalayam Natthi. Jaha Taha Jayammi Janasu, Dhammamahimsasamar Natthi. 25. Sitanti Suvantanah, Attha Purisana Logasarattha. Tamha Jagaramana, Vidhunadha Poranayam Kammam. 26. Jagaraha Nara ! Niccam, Jagaramanassa Vaddhate Buddhi. Jo Suvati Na So Dhanno, Jo Jaggati So Saya Dhanno. 18 Praksta Prose and Verse

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22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Just as pain is not dear to you so also having known in this way for all other Jivas (beings), you should give affection to all the Jivas (beings) adequately. And by reason of the equality with yourself, you should give sympathy to all of them. Killing a Jive (being) is killing one's own self; compassion for the Jiva (being) is compassion for one's own self. By reason of this, injury to all the Jivas (beings) has been abandoned by those desirous of selfrealization. Just as in the world there is nothing higher than the Meru mountain and nothing more extended than the sky, so also (in the world) there is no virtue (excellent and universal) corresponding to Ahimsa (nonviolence) know this. The supra-worldly purposes and the best purposes in the world in regard to the sleeping men perish, so waking, all of you should annihilate the old Karmas (psycho-physical impurities). O men! always wake up (beware). The intellect of the waking (bewaring) sharpens. He who sleeps (ignores spiritual values) does not become happy, (but) he who always wakes up (adheres to spiritual values) becomes happy. Prakrta Prose and Verse 19

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27. Hayam Nanam Kiyahinam, Haya Annanao Kiya. Pasanto Pangulo Daddho, Dhavamano Ya Andhao. 28. 29. 30. 31. Jara Java Na Pilei, Vahi Java Na Vaddhai. Javindiya Na Hayanti, Tava Dhammam Samayare. Aharosaha Satthabhaya Bheo Jam Cauvviham Danam. Tam Vuccai Dayavvam, Nidditthamuvasayajjhayane. Jayana U Dhammajanani, Jayana Dhammassa Palani Ceva. Tavvuddhikari Jayana, Egantasuhavaha Jayana. Jayam Care Jayam Citthe, Jayamase Jayam Sae. Jayam Bhunjanto Bhasanto, Pavam Kammam Na Bandhai. 20 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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27. Knowledge destitute of action is of no consequence; action done from ignorance is also of no consequence. (It is a well known fact that) the lame man, even though all the time seeing the fire, burned and the blind man, even though running, also burned. 28. As long as old age does not afflict, as long as disease does not grow and as long as the senses do not decline, then one should pursue the spiritual path. 29. The gift is of four kinds. The division of which lies in food, medicine, books (Scriptures) and fearlessness. That (gift) should be offered. It is said. This has been so described in the Upasakadhyayan (book of the householder). 30. Surely, awareness is the mother of spirituality; surely, awareness is the fosterer of spirituality; awareness is its enhancer and awareness is the begetter of unconditional happiness. 31. One should move with awareness, stand with awareness, sit with awareness and sleep with awareness. (One doing all this and) talking and eating with awareness, does not bind vicious Karma. 21 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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32. Na Kasayasamutthehi Ya, Vahijjai Manasehim Dukkhehim. Isa - Visaya - Soga - iehim, Jhanovagayacitto. 33. Jena Vina Logassa Vi, Vavaharo Savvaha Na Nivvahai. Tassa Bhuvanekkaguruno, Namo Anegantavayassa. 34. Sayam Sayam Pasamsanta, Garahanta Param Vayam. Je U Tattha Viussanti Samsaram Te Viussiya. 35. Nanajiva Nanakammam, Nanaviham Have Laddhi. Tamha Vayanavivadam, Sagaparasamaehim Vajjijja. 22 Praksta Prose and Verse

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32. 33. 34. 35. The person by whom meditation has been practiced is not carried away by the mental suffering originated form passions of jealousy, dejection, grief etc. Salutation to the Anekantavada. That is the singular teacher of mankind, without which even the transaction of the world does not go on. Extolling one's own utterances and disparaging those of others, they who behave like a pedantic person on that occasion remain dependent on the world. Diverse are the Jivas; varied is (their) Karma; and divergent is (their) capability; therefore, avoid verbal disputation with the votary of one's own (and) with the other's faith. Prakrta Prose and Verse 23

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Lesson - 3 Uttaradhyayana 1. Pabhuyarayano Raya Senio Magahahivo. Viharajattam Nijjao Mandikucchinsi Ceie. 2. Tattha So Pasai Sahur Sanjayam Susamahiyam. Nisannam Rukkhamulammi Sukumalam Suhoiyam. 3. Tassa Pae U Vanditta Kauna Ya Payahinan. Naiduram Nasanne Panjali Padipucchai. 4. Taruno Si Ajjo ! Pavvaio Bhogakalammi Sanjaya. Uvasthio Si Samanne Eyamastham Sunemu Ta. 5. Anaho Mi Maharayam ! Naho Majjha Na Vijjai. Anukampagar Suhim Va Vi kanci Nabhisamemasham. 24 Praksta Prose and Verse

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Lesson - 3 Uttaradhyayana The king, Srenika, ruler of Magadha (who was the) possessor of abundant wealth came out for a plesaure trip in Mandikuksi Garden. There he (the king) saw a saint, self-controlled, handsome, completely immersed in meditation, seated under the tree and suited for worldly pleasures. Having saluted his feet and having circumbulated him, he stayed neither at a distance, nor very near and formed folded hands and asked. Oh Arya! You are young. Oh self-controlled! (you) have become saint at the time of sensual enjoyment, you are stable in sainthood. So, I should listen to its purpose. Oh great king! I am without refuge. No body is my protector. I do not know any person and also any friend bestowing compassion (on me). Jain Education Interfational Prakrta Prose and Verse 25

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6. Tao So Pahasio Raya Senio Magahahivo. Evam Te lddhimantassa Kaham Naho Na Vijjai. 7. Homi Naho Bhayantanam Bhoge Bhunjahi Sanjaya. Mitta - Naiparivudo Manussam Khu Sudullaham. 8. Appana Vi Anaho Si Seniya ! Magahahiva. Appana Anaho Santo Kassa Naho Bhavissasi ?. 9. Evam Vutto Narindo So Susambhanto Suvimhio. Vayanam Asuyapuvvam Sahuna Vimhayannito. 10. Assa Hatthi Manussa Me Puram Anteuram Ca Me. Bhunjami Manuse Bhoe Ana Issariyam Ca Me. 11. Erise Sampayaggammi Savvakamasamappie. Kaham Anaho Bhavai Ma Hu Bhante ! Musam Vae. 26 Praksta Prose and Verse

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6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Then, he, the ruler of Magadha, king Srenika laughed (and said) how is there no protector for a prosperous man like you? For the venerable persons (like you) I become the protector. Oh self-controlled! surrounded by friends and relatives, you enjoy sensual pleasures. In fact, human birth is very difficult (to attain). Oh ruler of Magadha! Oh Srenika! even you yourself are without refuge. Becoming yourself without refuge, whose protector you will become? When this was said by the saint, in this way then, (having heard) such words as were not heard before, that king (who was) endowed with surprise became very wonderstruck and too confused. Elephants, horses and men are in my (possession), cities and palaces are in my (kingdom), I enjoy sensual pleasures related to human beings, my sovereignty and command are in vogue. In such abundance of prosperity - where all the desired objects have been dedicated to someone, how will that one be without refuge? Oh venerable! so do not tell a lie in your statements. Prakrta Prose and Verse 27

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12. 13. Suneha Me Maharayam ! Avvakkhittena Ceyasa. Jaha Anaho Bhavati Jaha Me Ya Pavattiyam. 14. 15. 16. Na Tumam Jane Anahassa Attham Pottham Na Patthiva ! . Jaha Anaho Bhavai Sanaho Va Narahiva!. 17. Kosambi Nama Nayari Puranapurabheyani. Tattha Asi Piya Majjham Pabhuyadhanasancao. Padhame Vae Maharayam! Atula Me Acchiveyana. Ahottha Viulo Daho Savvagattesu Patthiva. Uvatthiya Me Ayariya Vijja - Mantacigicchaga. Abiya Satthakusala Manta - Mulavisaraya. Te Me Tigiccham Kuvvanti Cauppayam Jahahiyam. Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya. 28 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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12. Oh king! I understand that you do not know the meaning and the root of the word 'without refuge". How without refuge or with refuge happens. So Oh king! I shall tell you the meaning of this accordingly. 13. Oh great king! listen to this with concentrated mind. Just as 'without refuge' happens that has been expounded by me. 14. The city named Kosambi different from old cities, existed. There was my father. (In his possession) there was accumulation of abundant wealth. 15. Oh emperor! once in adolescent age there was unlimited pain in my eyes. Oh king! in all (the parts of) my body there occurred great burning. 16. Unequalled doctors who treat through incantation and supernatural field of knowledge who are competent in medical literature, proficient in the basis of incantations, arrived for my treatment. 17. They carried out my four types of useful treatment. But they did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. Praksta Prose and Verse 29

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18. Piya Me Savvasaram Pi Dejjahi Mama Karana. Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya. 19. Maya Vi me Maharaya ! Puttasogaduhasttiya. Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya. 20. Bhayaro Me Maharaya ! Saga Jettha - Kanitthaga. Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya. 21. Bhainio Me Maharaya! Saga Jettha - Kanitthaga Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya. 22. Bhariya Me Maharaya! Anuratta Anuvvaya. Assupunnehim Nayanehim Uram Me Parisincai. 23. Annam Panam Ca Nhanam Ca Gandha-mallavilevanam. Mae Nayamanayam Va Sa Bala Novabhunjai. 24. Khanam Pi Me Maharaya! Pasao Vi Na Phittai. Na Ya Dukkha Vimoei Esa Majjha Anahaya. 30 Praksta Prose and Verse

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18. For my purpose, my father also gave all types of wealth (to the medical practitioners), yet (he) did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. 19. Oh emperor! my mother also was oppressed by the distress of son's suffering. But (my mother) did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. 20. Oh emperor! there are my own younger and elder brothers, but they did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. 21. Oh emperor! there are my own younger and elder sisters but they did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. 22. Oh emperor! my wife who is satisfied with me and is faithful and devoted wetted my chest with eyes filled with tears. 23. It has been known or not known by me, yet she (my wife) who was young, never made use of food and drink, bathing, aromatic things, flowers and fragrant embrocation. 24. Oh emperor! my wife did not go even from my side even for a moment, (yet) she did not make me free from pain. This is my unprotectiveness. Praksta Prose and Verse 31

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25. Tao Ham Evamahamsu Dukkhama Hu Puno Puno. Veyana Anubhavius Je Samsarammi Anantae. 26. Saim Ca Jai Muccijja Veyana Viula lo. Khanto Danto Nirarambho Pavvae Anagariyam. 27. Evam Ca Cintaittanam Pasutto Mi Narahiva!. Pariyattantie Raie Veyana Me Khayam Gaya. 28. Tao Kalle Pabhayammi Apucchittana Bandhave. Khanto Danto Nirarambho Pavvaio Anagariyam. 29. To Ham Naho Jao Appano Ya Parassa Ya. Savvesim Ceva Bhuyanam Tasanam Thavarana Ya. 32 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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25. Having experienced intorable affliction again and again undoubtedly in this infinite world, then I told in my mind in the follwoing way. 26. If I am released from this formidable affliction immediately, I will go into religious ceremony relating to a saint. By virtue of which I shall become forgiving, conqueror of senses, and devoid of violence. 27. Oh king! having thought precisely in this way, I slept. (Surprisingly) in the diminishing night, my pain went towards decline. 28. Then, in the morning I was in good health. Having taken the permission of my relatives, I moved into the state of saintship. By virtue of which I became forgiving, conqueror of senses and devoid of violence. 29. The consequence is that I have become the protector of myself and of others and also of all beings, mobile and immobile. Praksta Prose and Verse a Prakerta Prose and Verse 33

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Lesson - 4 Vajjalagga 1. Dukkham Kirai Kavvas Kavvammi Kae Paunjana Dukkham. Sante Paunjamane Soyara Dullaha Hunti. 2. Gaha Ruai Anaha Sise Kauna Do Vi Hatthao. Sukaihi Dukkharaiya Suhena Mukkho Vinasei. Gahahi Ko Na Hirai Piyana Mittana Ko Na Sambharai. Dumijjai Ko Na Vi Dumiena Suyanena Rayanena. 4. Paiyakavvammi Raso Jo Jayai Taha Ya Cheyabhaniehin. Uyayassa Ya Vasiya-siyalassa Tittim Na Vaccamo. 5. Paiyakavvassa Namo Paiyakavvam Ca Nimmiyam Jena. Taham Ciya Panamamo Padhiuna Ya Je Vi Jananti. 34 Praksta Prose and Verse

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Lesson 4 O Vajjalagga Poetry is composed with great difficulty. On composing poetry its recitation is made with difficulty. If reciting persons are present, listeners are difficult to find. Having kept both the hands on head, the orphan verse which has been composed with difficulty by good poets, weeps when the ignorant (reader) carelessly spoils (the reading of verse). Who is not pleased with Prakrta verses? Who does not remember dear friends? And who is not afflicted by the honoured beneficent person having been oppressed. The flavor which grows from Prakrta poetry (does not take us to dispiritedness). Just as through the words spoken by the wise man and by means of fragrant cold water we do not resort to dispiritedness. Prakrta Prose and Verse Salutation to Prakrta poetry and (to him also) by whom Prakrta poetry has been composed, and we also salute those who having read (Prakrta poetry) also understand (it). 35

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Suyano Suddhasahavo Mailijjanto Vi Dujjanajanena. Charena Dappano Viya Ahiyayaram Nimmalo Hoi. Suyano Na Kuppai Cciya Aha Kuppai Mangulam Na Cintei. Aha Cintei Na Jampai Aha Jampai Lajjiro Hoi. 8. Dittha Haranti Dukkham Jampanta Denti Sayalasokkhain Eyam Vihina Sukayam Suyana Jam Nimmiya Bhuvane. 9. Na Hasanti Param Na Thuvanti Appayam Piyasayai Jampanti. Eso Suyanasahavo Namo Namo Tana Purisanan. 10. Akae Vi Kae Vi Pie Piyam Kunanta Jayammi Disanti. Kayavippie Vi Hu Piyam Kunanti Te Dullaha Suyana. 36 Praksta Prose and Verse

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6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Even being tarnished by the wicked person, the goodnatured virtuous man becomes more pure, just as being tarnished by the ashes, the mirror (becomes more clean). The virtuous man does not anger, if he angers, he does not think evil; if he thinks evil, he does not speak evil, if he speaks evil, he becomes embarrassed. Association with the virtuous men takes away our suffering, speaking, they bestow on us all pleasures. This auspicious thing has been done by the providence that virtuous men have been created by him in the world. The virtuous persons do not laugh at others, they do not extol themselves, they speak hundreds of lovable things, this is the nature of virtuous persons. Salutations to those persons (again and again). On having been done good by others, and on even having not been done good by others, persons doing good to others are seen in the world. But even on having been done evil by others, those virtuous persons who do good to others, are rare. Prakrta Prose and Verse 37

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11. Pharusam Na Bhanasi Bhanio Vi Hasasi Hasiuna Jampasi Piyaim. Sajjana Tujjha Sahavo Na Yanimo Kassa Sariccho. 12. Necchasi Paravayaram Parovayaram Ca Niccamavahasi. Avarahehi Na Kuppasi Suyana Namo Tuha Sahavassa. 13. Dohim Ciya Pajjattam Bahuehi Vi Kim Gunehi Suyanassa. Vijjupphuriyam Roso Mitti Pahanareha Vva. 14. Dinam Abbhuddharium Patte Saranagae Piyam Kaum. Avaraddhesu Vi Khamium Suyano Cciya Navari Janei. 15. Be Purisa Dharai Dhara Ahava Dohim Pi Dhariya Dharani. Uvayare Jassa Mai Uvayariyam Jo Na Pamhusai. 38 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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11. Oh virtuous man! you do not speak harsh, if harsh words have been spoken by the other, even then you laugh. Having laughed you speak loving words. Your nature is similar to whom, we do not know. 12. Oh virtuous man! you do not desire the ill of others and you always do good to others; you are not angry with anybody on account of offences (done against you). (Therefore), salutation to your nature. 13. What is the use of even many qualities of the virtuous man? Satisfaction occurs only by his two qualities: unstable anger like lightening and friendship like the line on stone. 14. To elevate the poor, to do good on getting a person having come for shelter and to forgive even offences done against himself - only the virtuous man knows (all these). 15. The earth holds two persons or (if it is said) the earth has been held only by two persons. (First) whose mind is in beneficence (and) (secondly) who does not forget the conferred beneficence. Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse 39

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16. Sela Calanti Palae Majjayam Sayara Vi Mellanti. Suyana Tahim Pi Kale Padivannam Neya Sidhilanti. 17. Candanataru Vva Suyana Phalarahiya Jai Vi Nimmiya Vihina. Taha Vi Kunanti Parattham Niyayasarirena Loyassa. 18. Gunino Gunehi Vihavehi Vihavino Hontu Gavviya Nama. Dosehi Navari Gavvo Khalana Maggo Cciya Auvvo. 19. Santam Na Denti Varenti Dentayam Dinnayam Pi Haranti. Animittavairiyanam Khalana Maggo Cciya Auvvo. 20. Jehim Ciya Ubbhaviya Jana Pasaena Niggayapayava. Samara Dahanti Vinjham Khalana Maggo Cciya Auvvo. 40 Praksta Prose and Verse

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16. Mountains perish in the dissolution of the world and oceans transgress the boundary but even on that occasion, the virtuous men never slacken the given word. 17. Though the virtuous men have been created fruitless by the providence like a sandal tree, yet (they) do good to people by their own body. 18. It is possible that the virtuous may become haughty by reason of (their) virtues, the affluent may become haughty by virtue of (their) affluence, only (the wicked) become haughty because of (their) own vices. Really the way of the wicked is strange. 19. The wicked do not give the thing existing with their own self, obstruct the givers, even snatch away the given thing. (They are the) effectors of hostility without any reason. Really the way of the wicked is strange. 20. By which (by the Vindhya mountain) even the nonAryans have been elevated, by whose grace their influence has been spread out, they set on fire the Vindhya mountain. Really the way of the wicked is strange. 41 Prakyta Prose and Verse

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21. Sarasa Vi Duma Davanalena Dajjhanti Sukkhasamvaliya. Dujjanasange Patte Suyano Vi Suham Na Pavei. 22. Dhanna Bahirandhaliya Do Cciya Jivanti Manuse Loe. Na Sunanti Pisunavayanam Khalassa Riddhi Na Pecchanti. 23. Ekkam Ciya Salahijjai Dinesadiyahana Navari Nivvahanam. Ajamma Ekkamekkehi Jehi Viraho Cciya Na Dittho. 24. Padivannam Dinayaravasarana Donham Akhandiyam Suhai. Suro Na Dinena Vina Dino Vi Na Hu Suravirahammi. 25. Tam Mittam Kayavvam Jam Kira Vasanammi Desakalammi. Alihiyabhittibaullayam Va Na Parammuham Thai. 42 Prakyta Prose and Verse

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21. (Just as) even fresh trees mixed with dry grass are burned by the forest fire, (similarly) on going in the company of the wicked the virtuous man too does not get happiness. 22. Only the two persons namely deaf and blind, are fortunate and (really) live in the human world. (Because) they do not listen to the words of the wicked and do not see the prosperity of the wicked. 23. Only the continued co-existence of the sun and the daytime is really extolled. Out of which no separation has been witnessed even by anyone (of them) throughout life. 24. Unbroken friendship which has been done by both the sun and the day-time shines. The sun is not without day-time (and) the day-time too does not undoubtedly exist in separation from the sun. 25. He who at any time or at any place in misfortune does not remain indifferent like the painted puppet on the wall, should be made a friend. 43 Prakta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 5 Bhagavati Aradhana Dujjanasamsaggie Pajahadi Niyagam Gunam Khu Sujano Vi. Siyalabhavam Udayam Jaha Pajahadi Aggijoena. 2. Nanujjovo Jovo Nanujjovassa Natthi Padighado. Divei Khettamappam Suro Nanam Jagamasesam. 3. Vijja Vi Bhattivantassa Siddhimuvayadi Hodi Saphala Ya. Kiha Puna Nivvudibijam Sijjhahidi Abhattimantassa. 4. Nanujjoena Vina Jo Icchadi Mokkhamaggamuvagantum. Gantum Kalillamicchadi Andhalao Andhayarammi. 5. Javaiyaim Dukkhais Honti Loyammi Cadugadigadaim. Savvani Tani Himsaphalani Jivassa Janahi. 6. Jalacandanasasimuttacandamani Taha Narassa Nivvanam. Na Karanti Kunai Jaha Atthajjuyam Hidamadhuramidavayanas. 44 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 5 Bhagavati Aradhana 1. In the company of the wicked, even the virtuous man renounces for certain his own virtue, just as, with the contact of fire, water relinquishes its cold nature. The light of knowledge (is) (the real) light. There is no vanishment of the light of knowledge. The sun illumines a small area, but knowledge (illumines) the total universe. 3. The learning of a devotee certainly reaches its fullness and (it) is fruitful. Then, for the undevout how will the seed of emancipation fructify? He who desires to move on the path of emancipation without the light of knowledge is (like) the blind person who desires to go to the forest in darkness. 5. As many sufferings have pervaded in the four grades of existence (so many) are there in the world. Know those sufferings as the result of violence (Himsa) to beings. Water, sandal, moon, pearl, and even moon-stone do not produce such satisfaction to a person as the words (which are) beneficent, sweet, limited and endowed with meaning bring about. 45 Praksta Prose and Verse

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7. Evas Jam JamPassadi Davvam Ahilasadi Pavidum Tam Tan. Savvajagena Vi Jivo Lobhaittho Na Tippedi. Jaha Maruo Pavaddhai Khanena Vittharai Abbhayam Ca Jaha. Jivassa Taha Lobho Mando Vi Khanena Vittharai. 9. Lobhe Ya VaNdhide Puna Kajjakajjam Naro Na Cintedi. To Appano Vi Maranam Aganinto Sahasam Kunadi. 10. Ganthaccao Indiyanivarane Ankuso Va Hatthissa. Nayarassa Khaiya Vi Ya Indiyagutti Asangattam. 11. Na Gune Pecchadi Avavadadi Gune Jampadi Ajampidavvam Ca. Rosena Ruddahidao Naragasilo Naro Hodi. 12. Mani Visso Savvassa Hodi Kalahabhayaveradukkhani. Pavadi Mani Niyadan Ihaparaloe Ya Avamanan. 46 Praksta Prose and Verse

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7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Thus (when) a man sees anyone thing he desires to possess that. A man dependent on greed, does not feel satisfied even with the whole world. Just as the air increases instantly and just as the cloud spreads, similarly even the mild greed of a human being increases instantly. And again in increased greed a man does not think of duty and non-duty and then without considering even his own death (He) commits any formidable crime. Just as there is an iron hook for (controlling) the elephant and there is the moat for (the protection of) the city, so also the renunciation of possession is useful in restraining the senses and the restraint of senses is (no doubt) non-attachment. (An angry man) does not see the virtues of others. (He) disparages the virtues of others and he talks (that which is) not fit to be talked. Because of anger the man of raging nature is infernal. 12. An egoistic person is poision (filled with ill-will) for all. He meets with strife, fear, enmity and sufferings. (Again) an egoistice person certinly meets with dishonour in this world and in the next world. Prakrta Prose and Verse 47

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13. Sayanassa Janassa Pio Naro Amani Sada Havadi Loe. Nanam Jasa Ca Attham Labhadi Sakajjam Ca Sahedi. 14. Vijjuva Cancalaim Ditthapanatthaim Savvasokkhaim. Jalabubbudovva Adhuvani Hunti Savvani Thanani. 15. Rattis Egammi Dume Saunanam Pindanam Va Sanjogo. Parivesova Anicco Issariyanadhanaroggan. 16. Indiyasamaggi Vi Anicca Sanjhava Hoi Jivanan. Majjhanham Va Naranam Jovvanamanavatthidam Loe. 17. Cando Hino Va Puno Vaddhadi Edi Ya Udu Adido Vi. Nadu Jovvanam Niyattai Nadijalagadachiddam Ceva. 18. Himanicao Vi Va Gihasayanasanabhandani Honti Adhuvani. Jasakitti Vi Anicca Loe Sanjjhabbharagovva. 48 Praksta Prose and Verse

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13. The person without ego is always loving among relatives and non-relatives in the world. He obtains knowledge, honour and wealth and accomplishes his own task. 14. All the (worldly) pleasures which are unsteady like the lightening have been apprehended as vanished. All the places are impermanent like the bubble of water. 15. Property, order, foodstuff and health are a coincidence Property ord like the group of birds at night on any one tree. They are transient like the ring of light around the sun or the moon. 16. In the world even the sensuous possession of persons is transient like the evenings and youth of men is unsteady like midday. 17. The moon diminishes and again increases, and passed away season comes again. But youth does not return like a small fish gone into the flow of water of a river. 18. In the world houses, beds, seats and utensils also are transient like the collection of ice-pieces. Even honour and fame are transient like the redness of the sky in the evening. Praksta Prose and Verse 49

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19. Jhanam Kasayarogesu Hodi Vejjo Tigichade Kusalo. Rogesu Jaha Vejjo Purisassa Tigichao Kusalo. 20. Jhanam Visayachuhae Ya Hoi Annam Jaha Chuhae Va. Jhanam Visayatisae Udayam Udayam Va Tanhae. 50 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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19. Just as in the diseases of a person a doctor is an expert therapist similarly in the diseases of passions meditation becomes an expert doctor who does therapy. 20. Just as in hunger there is foodstuff, similarly in the hunger of sensuality there is meditation. Just as there is water in thirst, so also in the thirst of sensuality there is meditation. Praksta Prose and Verse 51

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Amangaliyapurisassa Kaha Lesson - 6 1. Egammi Nayare Ego Amangalio Muddho Puriso Asi. So Eriso Atthi, Jo Ko Vi Pabhayammi Tassa Muham Pasei, So Bhoyanam Pi Na Lahejja. Paura Vi Paccuse Kaya Vi Tassa Muham Na Pikkhanti. Naravaina Vi Amangaliyapurisassa Vatta Sunia. Parikkhattham Narindena Egaya Pabhayakale So Ahuo, Tassa Muham Dittham. Jaya Raya Bhoyanatthamuvavisai, Kavalam Ca Muhe Pakkhivai, Taya Ahilammi Nayare Akamha Paracakkabhaena Halabolo Jao. Taya Naravai Vi Bhoyanam Cicca Sahasa Utthaya Sasenno Nayarao Bahim Niggao. 2. Bhayakaranamadatthuna Puno Paccha Agao. Samano Narindo Cintei 'Assa Amangaliyassa Saruvam Mae Paccakkham Dittham, Tao Eso Hantavvo' Evam Cintiuna Amangaliyam Bollaviuna Vahattham Candalassa Appei. Jaya Eso Ruyanto, Sakammam Nindanto Candalena Saha Gacchanto Atthi, Taya Ego Karunio Buddhinihano Vahaim Neijjantam Anam Tam Datthunam Karanam Nacca Tassa Rakkhanaya Kanne Kimpi Kahiuna Uvayam Damsei. 52 - Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 6 The story of an inauspicious man 1. In a city there was an inauspicious foolish man. He was such that anybody who looks at his face in the morning did not get even food. The resident of city also never looked at his face in the morning. The remark concerning the inauspicious man was also heard by the king. Once he was called by the king in the morning for testing, his face was seen (by the king). When the king sat for taking food and put the morsel of food in his mouth, all of a sudden there occurred a noise in the whole city, on account of the fear of attack by the enemy. Then even the king, having left the food and having got up immediately, went outside the city with an army. 2. (He) came back again because of not having seen any danger. The egoistic king thought - the nature of this inauspicious man has (now) been directly witnessed by me, so he should be killed. Having thought in this way and having been called the king handed the inauspicious man over to an outcaste for killing. Weeping and criticizing his own action when he was going with the outcaste, then having understood its reason, one kind and an intelligent person, having seen him being carried to kill by order and having spoken something in the ear, showed (him) method for his protection. Praksta Prose and Verse 53

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Harisanto Jaya Vahatthambhe Thavio, Taya Candalo Tam Pucchai- 'Jivanam Vina Tava Kavi Iccha Siya, Taya Maggiyavvam'. So Kahei - 'Majjha Narindamuhadamsaneccha Atthi' Taya So Narindasamivamanio. Narindo Tan Pucchai - Kimettha Agamanapaoyanam?' 3. So Kahei - " He Narinda, Paccuse Mama Muhassa Damsanena Bhoyanam Na Labbhai Parantu Tumhanan Muhapekkhanena Mama Vaho Bhavissai, Taya Paura Kim Kahissanti ? Mama Muhao Sirimantanam Muhadamsanan Kerisaphalayam Sanjaam, Nayara Vi Pabhae Tumhanam Muhar Kaham Pasihire." Evam Tassa Vayanajuttie Santuttho Narindo Vahaesam Nisehiunam Paritosiam Ca Dacca Tan Amangaliyam Santosia. 54 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Rejoicing, (he went on) when he was made to stand on the pillar of killing then the outcaste asked him : If you have any desire except the protection of life, it should be demanded. He said, my desire is to see the face of the king. Then he was brought near the king. The king asked him what is the purpose of your coming here? 3. He said - Oh King! by seeing my face in the morning food was not obtained by you, but by seeing your face, there shall be my killing. What will the residents of the city express? Seeing the face of an illustrous person what (horrible) consequence has been produced when compared with seeing my face? (If this is the case) how even the residents of the city will look at your face in the morning? In this way the king was satisfied by the argument of his expression. Having nullified the order for his killing and having awarded him, (the king rejoiced). (By this) that inauspicious man was also satisfied. Prakrta Prose and Verse 55

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Lesson - 7 Viusie Puttabahue Kahanagam 1. Kammi Nayare Lacchidaso Setthi Varivattai. So Bahudhanasampattie Gavvittho Asi. Bhogavilasesu Eva Laggo Kayavi Dhammam Na Kunei. Tassa Putto Vi Eyariso Atthi. Jovvane Piuna Dhammiassa Dhammadasassa Jahatthanamae Silavaie Kannae Saha Paniggahanam Puttassa Karaviyam. Sa Kanna Jaya Atthavasa Jaya, Taya Tie Piuperanae Sahunisagasao Savvannadhammasavanena Sammattan Anuvvayaim Ya Gahiyaim, Savvannadhamme Aiva Niuna Sanjaa. 2. Jaya Sa Sasuragehe Agaya Taya Sasuraim Dhammao Vimuham Dasthuna Tie Bahuduham Sanjayam. Kaham Mama Niyavayassa Nivvaho Hojja? Kaham Va Devaguruvimuhanan Sasurainam Dhammovaeso Bhavejja, Evam Sa Viyarei. 3. Egaya "Samsaro Asaro, Lacchi Vi Asara, Dehovi Vinassaro, Ego Dhammo Cciya Paralogapavannanam Jivanamaharu' Tti Upaesadanena Niyabhatta Savvannadhammena Vasio Kao. 56 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Story of a Learned Daughter-in-law Lesson - 7 1. In a certain city, affluent Laxmidasa lived well. Because of much wealth and prosperity, he was very much haughty. He was also attached to sensual pleasures and never performed religious activities. His son was like him. In youth the son was caused to marry by the father with the virtuous daughter of religious Dharmadasa having the quality expressed by his name. When the daughter was eight years old, then on account of listening to the religion of the omniscient and with the inspiration of her father, right faith and Anuvratas (Partial vows) were adopted by her in the direction of a woman saint, so she became very expert in the religion of the omniscient. 2. When she came to the house of the father-in-law, then having seen the father-in-law etc. opposed to religion, much sorrow was felt by her. How the observation of my vows will take place Or how will there be teaching of religion for the father-in-law etc. opposed to Deva-Guru? In this way she ponders. 3. Singularly the world is insubstantial, the wealth is also insubstantial, the body is also perishable, only religion is for certain the support for souls resorting to the other world. In this way, owing to the impartment of instruction, her own husband was transformed to the religion of the omniscient. Prakrta Prose and Verse 57

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Evam Sasumavi Kalantare Bohei. Sasuram Padibohius Sa Samayam Maggei. 4. Egaya Tie Ghare Samanagunaganalankio Mahavvai Nani Jovvanattho Ego Sahu Bhikkhattham Samagao. Jovvane Vi Gahiyavayam Santam Dantam Sahuh Gharammi Agayam Datthuna Ahare Vijjamane Vi Tie Viyariyam - 'Jovvane Mahavvayam Mahadullaham, Kaham Eena Eyammi Jovvanattane Gahiyam?' Ti Parikkhattham Samassae Puttham- 'Ahuna Samao Na Sanjao, Kim Puvvam Niggaya?' Tie Hiyayagayabhavam Nauna Sahuna Uttam"Samayananam- Kaya Maccu Hossai Tti Natthi Nanam, Tena Samayam Vina Niggao." Sa Uttaram Nauna Tuttha. Munina Vi Sa Puttha. 'Kai Varisa Tumha Sanjaya?' Munissa Pucchabhavam Nauna Visavasesu Jaesu Vi Tie 'Barasavasa' Tti Uttam. Punaravi' Te Samissa Kai Vasa Jata' Tti? Puttham. Tie Piyassa Panavisavasesu Jaesu Vi Pancavasa Utta, Evam Sasue 'Chammasa' Kahiya. Sasurassa Pucchae So 'Ahuna Na Uppanno Atthi' Ti Bhania. 58 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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After some time she instructs her mother-in-law also in this way. (Now) she searches time for instructing the father-in-law. 4. Once in her house one saint (who was) wise, (was) fixed in youth and observer of great vows, adorned with Sramanika clusters of characteristics came for begging food. Having seen the peaceful and dispassionate saint arrived in the house who has adopted vows just in youth, it was thought by her even at the time of his presenting food (that) observance of great vows in youth is very difficult. In this youthfulness how the great vows have been observed by him? (The answer) to the problem was enquired in this way for testing: (the problem is) at present there has come up no time, why have you come out (of the world) before (time)? Having known the thought aroused in her mind, it was said by the saint, 'knowledge is time'. When will there be death nobody knows this. Therefore (I) have come out (of the world) without time. Having understood the reply, she was satisfied. She was also asked by the saint, - "How many years you have passed away." Having understood the meaning of the saint's question : It was told by her, 'twelve years' even on having passed away twenty years. Again, how many years your husband has passed? This was asked, It was told by her - Five years, even on having passed away twenty five years by the dearest. In this way, six month were told for the mother-in-law. On asking about the father-in-law, It was told (by her), "He is not yet born." Praksta Prose and Verse 59

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5. Evam Vahu - Sahunam Vatta Antatthiena Sasurena Sua. Laddhabhikkhe Sahummi Gaye So Aiva Kohaulo Sanjao, Jao Puttavahu Mam Uddissa 'Na Jao' Tti Kahei. Ruttho So Puttassa Kahanattham Hattam Gacchai. Gacchantam Sasuram Sa Vaei- 'Bhottunam He Sasura. Tum Gacchasu.'Sasuro Kahei - "Jai Ham Na Jao Mhi, Taya Kaham Bhoyanam CavvemiBhakkhemi' la Kahiuna Hatte Gao. Puttassa Savvar Vuttantam Kahei- 'Tava Patti Durayara Asabbhavayana Atthi, Ao Tam Gihao Nikkasaya.' 6. So Piuna Saha Gehe Agao. Vahum Pucchai- Kim Maupiuno Avamanan Kayam? Sahuna Saha Vattae Kim Asaccamuttaram Dinnam ? 'Tie Uttam- 'Tumhe Munin Pucchaha, So Savvam Kahihii.' Sasuro Uvassae Gantuna Savamanam Munim Pucchai- 'He Mune, Ajja Mama Gehe Bhikkhattham Tumhe Kim Agaya?' Muni Kahei - 'Tumhana Gharam Na Janami, Tumam Kuttha Vasasi?' Setthi Viyarei 'Muni Asaccam Kahei.' Punaravi Puttham- 'Kattha Vi Gehe Balae Saha Vatta Kaya Kim?' Muni Kahei- 'Sa Bala Aiva Kusala, Tie Mama Vi Parikkha Kaya." Tie Ham Vutto'Samayam Vina Kaham Niggao Si ?' Mae Uttaram Dinnam"Samayassa-Maranasamayassa'-Nana Natthi,Tena Puvvavayammi Niggao Mhi." Mae Vi Parikkhattham Savvesim Sasurainam Vasaim Pusthaim. Tie Sammam Kahiyaim. Sesthi Pucchai - ' Sasuro Na Jao ia Tie Kim Kahiyam ?' Munina Uttam- 'Sa Ciya Pucchijjau, Jao Viusie Tie Jahattho Bhavo Najjai. 60 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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5. In this way the conversation between the saint and the daughter-in-law was heard by the father-in-law situated inside. When the saint went away after getting food, he got very much disturbed due to anger, because having alluded to me, son's wife says in this way "I am not yet born." He sulked and went to the shop for telling this to (his) son. While going (to the shop), she tells the father-in-law, "Oh father-in-law ! having taken meals, you go." The father-in-law says, "If I am not born then how will (I) chew and eat food." Having said in this way, he went to the shop. He conveys the total conversation to the son, your wife is wicked and a rude talker, so you turn her out of the house. 6. He came to the house with his father. (He) asks his wife, "why insult of the parents was done (by you)?" In conversation with the saint why improper replies were given? It was told by her, - "you (yourself) ask the saint," he will tell (you) everything. Having gone to the residing place of saints, the father-in-law asks the saint with disrespect, - "Oh Saint! why did you come today to my house for begging food?" The saint said - "(I) do not know your house, where do you live?" The affluent man thinks, the saint speaks the untruth. Again he was asked, did you enter into conversation with a young lady in some house? The saint said, "That young lady is very wise." I was also tested by her. I was asked by her, - "How have (you) come out of the world without (proper) time? The reply was given by me", "their is no knowledge of time - time of death." So I have come out of the world before (proper) age. For testing, the age of all, the father-in-law etc. was also asked by me. Proper replies were given by her. The affluent man asked, Prakrta Prose and Verse 61

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7. Sasuro Geham Gacca Puttavahum Pucchai-' Tie Munissa Purao Kimevam Vuttam- Me Sasuro Jao Vi Na.' Tie Uttam"He Sasura, Dhammahinamanusassa Manavabhavo Patto Vi Apatto Eva, Jao Saddhammakiccehim Sahalo Bhavo Na Kao So Manusabhavo Nipphalo Ciya. Tao Tumha Jivanam Pi Dhammahinam Savvam Gayam. Tena Mae Kahiam - Mama Sasurassa Uppatti Eva Na." Evam Saccatthane Tuttho Dhammabhimuho Jao. Punaravi Puttham- ' Tumae Sasue Chammasa Kaham Kahia ? 'Tie Uttam- Sasun Pucchaha.' Setthina Sa Puttha. Tae Vi Kahiam-"PuttavahunamVayanam Saccam,Jao Mama Savvannudhammapattie Chammasa Eva Jaya, Jao lo Chammasao Puvvam Kattha Vi Maranapasange Aham Gaya. Tattha Thinam Vivihagunadosavatta Jaya." 8. Egae Vuddhae Uttam- " Narina Majjhe Imie Puttavahu Settha. Jovvanavae Vi Sasubhattipara Dhammakajjammi Sa Eva Apamatta, Gihakajjesu Vi Kusala Nanna Erisa. Imie Sasu Nibbhaga, Erisie Bhattivacchalae Puttavahue Vi Dhammakajje 62 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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"The father-in-law was not born, why this was told by her? It was told by the saint, "She too should be asked, because the real meaning is known by that learned lady." 7. Having gone to the house, the father-in-law asks the daughter-in-law. In the presence of the saint, why did you say this? My father-in-law is not yet born." It was told by her, "Oh father-in-law! having attained human birth of an irreligious man is just like not having attained it certainly, because the human birth has not been made fruitful by the observance of a true religion. So such human birth is unfruitful. By reason of that your whole life has passed away devoid of religion. So it was told by me, "My father-in-law is not yet born." In this way by means of proper reason, he got satisfied and turned towards (proper) religion. Again, it was asked, - "How the (age of) mother-in-law was told six month by you." It was replied by her, "Ask the mother-in-law." She was asked by the affluent man. It was also told by her, "The words of the daughter-inlaw are true, because in my accepting the religion of the omniscient six months have passed (the reason is) in this world before six month when I went to some place on the occasion of some death, at that place there occurred discussion regarding different virtues and vices of that women (the daughter-in-law). 8. It was said by one old woman, "Among women her daughter-in-law is the best." At the age of youthfulness also she is turned towards her mother-in-law out of devotion, is careful in religious performances and is also expert in Prakrta Prose and Verse 63

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Perijjamanavi Dhammam Na Kunei, Imam Souna Bahugunaranjia Tie Muhao Dhammo Patto. Dhammapattie Chammasa Jaya, Tao Puttavahue Chammasa Kahia, Tan Juttam." 9. Putto ViPuttho, Tena Vi Uttam-"Rattie Samayadhammovaesaparae Bhajjae Samsarasaradamsanena Bhogavilasanam Ca Parinamaduhadaittanena Vasanaipuratulla-juvvanattanena Ya Dehassa Khanabhangurattanena Jayammi Dhammo Eva Saru Tti Uvadittho Ham Savvannudhammarahago Jao, Ajja Pancavasa Jaya. Tao Vahue Mam Uddissa Pancavasa Kahia, Tam Saccam." Evam Kudumbassa Dhammapattie Vattae Viusie Ya Puttavahue Jahatthavayanam Souna Lacchidaso Vi Padibuddho Vuddhattane Vi Dhammam Arahia Saggais Patto Saparivaro. 64 Praksta Prose and Verse

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household affairs. Nobody else is like her. Her moter-in-law is unfortunate in spite of being inspired by such a devoted daughter-in-law in religious performances she (mother-inlaw) does not perform religious observances. Having heard this, (I) became happy with the virtues of the daughter-in-law. (So) religion was adopted (by me) through her mouth. (Only) six months have passed in the adoption of religion, so 'six months' were told by the daughter-in-law, that is proper." 9. The son was asked too. It was told by him, Through the wife (who) was immersed in doctrines and religious instruction at night, through observing insubstantiality in the world, through arising distress as the result of sensuality through the state of youthfulness which is like the flowingness of the rainy river, and through the trasientness of the body, (it was known by me that) religion is certainly substantial in the world. I, who was instructed in this way became the worshipper of the religion of the omniscient. Today five years have elapsed. So, by the daughter-in-law, having alluded to me, was told five years. That is true. In this way by virtue of the conversation relating to the adoption of religion for the family and having heard the real words, Laxmidasa also was educated by the daughter-in-law and the religion was observed by him in old age. He along with his family got the right path. Praksta Prose and Verse 65

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Gehe Suro 1. Egammi Game Ego Suvannayaro Vasai. Tassa Rayapahassa Majjhabhae Hattiga Vijjai. Saya Majjharattie So Suvannabhariyam Manjusam Gahiunam Niyagharammi Agacchai. Egaya Tassa Bhajjae Cintiam- "Eso Mama Bhatta Savvaya Manjusam Gahiunam Majjharattie Gehe Agacchai, Tam Na Varam, Jao Kayavi Magge Cora Milejja Taya Kim Hojja?" Tao Tie Niyabhattaro Vutto- "He Pia! Majjharattie Tujjha Gihe Agamanam Na Sohanam Ti, Majjhabhae Kayavi Ko Vi Milejja Taya Kim Hojja?" So Kahei- "Tum Mama Balam Na Janasi, Tena Evam Bollesi. Mama Purao Narasayam Pi Agacchejja, Te Kim Kunejja? Mamaggao Te Kimavi Kaum Na Samattha. Tumae Bhayam Na Kayavvam." Evam Suniuna Tie Cintiam Gehesuro Mama Pio Atthi, Samae Tassa Parikkham Kahimi.' Lesson - 8 2. Egaya Sa Niyagharasamivavasinie Khattiyanie Ghare Gantuna Kahei- "He Piyasahi ! Tum Tava Bhattuno Savvam Vatthabhusam Majjha Appehi, Mama Kim Pi Paoyana Atthi. Tie Khattiyanie Appano Piassa Asisahia-SiravedhanaKadipattai- Suhadavesam Savvam Samappiam. Sa Gahiuna Gehe Gaya. 66 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 8 Brave at Home 1. In a village, there lived a goldsmith. In the middle part of the main road there existed his shop. Having taken a case full of gold, he always comes to his own house in the midnight. Once it was thought by his wife. "Having taken the case, this my husband always comes to the house in the midnight. This is not proper, because, what will happen if thieves meet him in the way." Then her own husband was told by her, "Oh beloved ! Your coming to the house in the midnight in this way is not befitting." What will happen then if anybody meets you in the middle part? He said, "You do not know my strength, so you utter this." If even hundreds of persons come before me, what will they do? They are not capable of doing anything before me. Fear should not be felt by you." Having heard in this way, she thought (it was thought by her), "My husband is brave at home. I shall do her test on some occasion." 2. Once having gone to the house of a women of the Ksatriya Caste group who was the resident of near by her house, she says, "Oh dear friend! You give me all the attire of your husband. There is some purpose of mine." The attire of the warrior along with the sword, belt, etc. covering of the head of her own husband's - everything was given to me by the woman of the Ksatriya Caste group. She went home having taken them. Praksta Prose and Verse 67

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3. Jaya Rattie Ego Jamo Gao, Taya Sa Tam Savvam Suhadavesam Parihaya, Asim Gahiuna Nissancare Rayapahammi Niggaya. Piassa Hattao Naidure Rukkhassa Paccha Appanam Avaria Thia. Kiyantakale So Sonnaro Hatsam Samvariya, Manjusam Ca Hatthena Gahiuna So Bhayabhanto lo Tao Pasanto Siggham Gacchanto Java Tassa Rukkhassa Samivam Agao, Taya Purisavesadharini Sa Sahasa Nisariuna Maunena Tam Nibbhacchei - 'Hum, Hui, Savvam Muncehi, Annaha Maraissar.' So Akamha Rundhio Bhaena Tharatharanto 'Mam Na Maresu, Mam Na Maresu' la Kahiuna Manjusa Appia. Tao Sa Savvaparihiavatthaggahanaya Karavalaggam Tassa Vacchammi Thaviuna Sannae Vasanain Pi Kaddhavei. Taya So Parihiakadipattayametto Jao. Tao Sa Kadipattayam Pi Maranabhayam Damsiuna Kaddhavei. So Ahuna Jao lva Naggo Jao. Sa Savvam Gahiuna Gharammi Gaya, Gharadaram Pihiuna Anto Thia. 4. So Suvannayaro Bhaena Kampamano lo Tao Avaloento Magge Avanavihie Gacchanto Kamena Jaya Sagavavarino Hattasamivamagao, Taya Kena Janena Pakkacibbhadam Bahiram Pakkhittam, Tam Tu Tassa Suvannayarassa Pitthabhage Laggian. Tena Nayam Kenavi Aham Pahario. Pitthadese Hatthena Phasei, Tattha Cibbhadassa Rasam Bikim Ca Phasiunam Viariam -" Aho Has Gadhayaram Pahario Mhi, Tena Ghaena Saha Soniam Pi Niggayam, Tammajjhe Kidagavi 68 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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3. When at night one Prahara (three hours) passed then she, having worn all that warrior's attire and having taken sword, went on the main road devoid of any movement. Having made herself hidden behind the tree not very far from (near) the husband's shop, she remained standing. Having closed the shop when that goldsmith after some time and having held the case in hand, perplexing with fear, seeing here and there, going quickly he came near that tree, then she in the disguise of the man suddenly having come out, disdained him silently (and tells him with gesture). Yes, yes leave everything otherwise I will kill you. All of a sudden he was detained, trembling with fear, (he said) don't kill me, don't kill me, having said in this way, he handed over the case (to her). Then for taking all the worn clothes, she, having put the point of sword on his chest, causes to take off the worn clothes. Then he remained to have worn only loin clothe. Then having indicated the fear of death, she also causes to take off the lion clothe . Now he became naked like a child. Having taken everything, she went home and having closed the gate of the home she sat inside the home. 4. Trembling with fear, seeing here and there on the way, going on the market road, when that goldsmith in turn reached near the shop of the merchant of vegetables, then, ripened cucumber was thrown outside by somebody, that hit against the back of that goldsmith. It was understood by him that I have been struck certainly by somebody. He touched at the back with his hand. There, having touched at the sap and seeds of the cucumber. He thought this thing. (This thing was thought 69 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Samuppanna Evam Accantabhayaulo Turiam Turiam Gacchanto Gharaddare Samagao. 5. Pihiam Gharaddaram Pasiuna Niyabhajjae Ahavanattham Uccasarena Kahei- He Mayanassa Mayare, Daram Ugghadehi, Daram Ugghadehi.' Sa Abbhantaratthia Sunanti Vi Asunantiva Kinci Kalam Thia. Aivakkosane Sa Agacca Daram Ugghadia Evam Pucchai- Kim Bahum Akkosasi? 'So Bhayabhanto Gihammi Pavisia Bhajjam Kahei- 'Daram Siggham Pihahi, Talagam Pi Desu.' Tie Savvam Kauna Puttham - 'Kim Evam Naggo Jao?' Tena Vuttam- 'Abbhantare Avavarae Cala, Paccha Mam Puccha.' Gihassa Ante Avavarae Gacca Niccinto Jao. Tie Puno Vi Puttham- 'Kim Evam Naggo Agao?' Tena Kahiyam- "Corehim Lunthio, Savvam Avaharia Naggo Kao.' Sa Kahei-"Puvvam Mae Kahiyam, He Sami! Tae Eva Majjharattie Manjusam Gahiuna Na Agantavvam, Tumae Na Manniam Tena Evam Jayam." So Kahei- " Aham Mahabalittho Vi Kim Karomi ? Jai Panca Cha Va Cora Agaya Hojja, Taya Te Savve Aham Jeum Samattho, Ee U Sayaso Thena Agaya, Tenaham Tehim Saha Jujjhamano Parajio, Savvam Lunthiuna Naggo Kao, Pitthadese Ya Asinaham Pahario. Pasesu Pitthadesam, Ghaena Saha Kidagavi Uppanna." 70 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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by him), Oh ! I have been intensely struck, so blood has come out along with the wound and because of this there have grown in that insects also. In this way, very much perturbed with fear, (he) going speedily, arrived at the gate of the house. 5. Having seen the closed gate of the house, for calling in the loud voice he tells his wife, "Oh Madana's mother! open the gate, open the gate. She sat inside, though hearing, yet she stayed for some time as if not hearing. On being angry so much, having come and having opened the gate, she asked in this way, "Why do you shout so much?" He was seized with fear, having entered in the house, tells his wife, "hurriedly close the gate and also put lock on it." Having done all this she asked him, "Why have you become naked in this way?" It was told by him, "Come inside the small room and ask me afterwards." Having gone in the room at the end of the house, he became free from anxiety. Also again it was asked by her, "Why have you come naked in this way?" It was told by him, "I have been looted by thieves." Having snatched away everything, I have been made naked (by them). She said, "It has been told by me earlier, Oh master! having taken the case in midnight in this way you should not make any movement (no movement should be made by you). This was not accepted by you, so this has happened. He said, "(Though) I am very strong yet what to do? If there have come five or six thieves, then I was capable of winning them all. But there came hundreds of thieves, so I was defeated. Fighting with them, I have been made naked, having snatched away everything and I have been struck by sword in the back. See my back also insects have grown with wound. 71 Praksta Prose and Verse

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6. Tie Tassa Pitshadesam Pasitta Nayam- Cibbhadassa Rasam Biyaim Ca Imaim Santi. Bhattussam Vi Kahiam- "Sami ! Bhayabhantena Tae Evam Janiyam, Kena Vi Aham Pahario Evam Tao Soniam Niggayam, Tattha Ya Kidaga Vi Samuppanna, Tam Na Saccam. Tum Cibbhadena Pahario Si, Tassa Rasam Biyaim Ca Pitthadese Laggain" Ti. Tao Tassa Dehapakkhalanaya Sa Jalam Gahiuna Agaya, Niyapaissa Dehasuddhim Kareuna Parihanavatthappane Taim Ceva Vatthaim Appei. So Taim Vatthaim Pasiunam Dhitthattanena Kahei- " Hum, Hum, Mae Tayacciya Tumam Naya, Mae Cintiam- Mama Bhajja Kim Karei ? Tenaham Bhayabhanto Iva Tatha Thio, Savvavaharanamuvekkhiam' Annaha Mama Purao Itthie Ka Satti ? Sa Kahei- "He Bhattara ! Tava Balam Mae Taya Ceva Nayah, Gehesuro Tumam Asi, Ao Ajjayanao Tumae Majjharattie Manjusam Gahiuna Kayavi, Na Agantavvam" Ti Bhajjae Vayanam So Angikarei. 72 Praksta Prose and Verse

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6. Having seen his back, she knew that there are seeds and sap of cucumber. It was told also for the husband, "Oh master! being seized with fear it has been known in this manner by you. "It is not true that I have been struck by somebody and in this way as a result blood has come out and there insects have grown also. You have been struck by cucumber and its sap and seeds were attached on the back." Having brought water she came for washing his body. Then having done cleaning of the body of her husband, she gave only those clothes in present which were looted by her. Having seen those clothes, he says with brashness, yes, yes you were known (by me) even at that time. It was thought by me - What my wife will do? So like the fact of seizing with fear, I stayed there and all lootedness was neglected. Otherwise what strength a woman possesses before me? She said, "Oh master ! your strength was understood by me even at that time. You are only brave at home. So having taken the case in midnight, coming (from the) shop should never be made by you from today. In this way he accepted wife's words. 73 Jain E. Prakrta Prose and Verse Praksta Prose and Verse

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Abbreviations and method of Grammatical analysis with examples Absolutive Adjective Adverbs Causative Verbs Feminine Gender Future Tense Impersonal Form Imperative Indeclinable Infinitive Intransitive Verbs Irregular Obligatory and Potential Participle * * [()+()+()] * [( ) - ( ) - ()] Abs. Adj. = Adv. Cau. Fem. Fu. Imp. F. Imp. Ind. = = = ** = = = = = Inf. = Intr. = Irre. = OPP. Passive Voice Past = Pass. PAT Tense Past Participle Past Tense Present Tense Present Participle Pronoun Retainer of Innate Meaning Suffixes (Svarthika Suffixes) Transitive Verb PAP. = PAT. = PT. = : PP. = Pro. Pronominal Adjective = Pro. Adj. Rim. Indicative of Original Word. + sign is indicative of joining together of words. - sign is indicative of compounding of words. *[{()-()-()} Adj.] The entire unit in this type of brackets is indicative of Adjective. = = = Tr. * Where only number 1/1, 2/1 etc. are written outside brackets the word inside the bracket is indicative of noun. * Where Passive Voice, Participle etc. are not according the rules of Prakrta Grammar, there irre. is also written outside the bracket.

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1/1 First Person/Singular Intr. or Tr. 1/2 First Person/Plural Intr. or Tr. 2/1 2/2 Second Person/Singular Intr. or Tr. Second Person/Plural Intr. or Tr. Third Person/Singular Intr. or Tr. 3/1 3/2 Third Person/Plural Intr. or Tr. 1/1 1/2 Nominative Case/Singular Number Nominative Case/Plural Number Accusative Case/Singular Number 2/1 2/1 Accusative Case/Plural Number 3/1 3/2 4/1 4/2 Instrumental Case/Singular Number Instrumental Case/Plural Number Dative Case/Singular Number Dative Case/Plural Number Ablative Case/Singular Number Ablative Case/Plural Number Genitive Case/Singular Number 5/1 5/2 6/1 6/2 Genitive Case/Plural Number 7/1 7/2 Locative Case/Singular Number Locative Case/Plural Number Vocative Case/Singular Number 8/1 8/2 Vocative Case/Plural Number 76 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Method of Grammatical-analysis Noun Narindassa (Narinda) 4/1 Pronoun Tena (Ta) 3/1 Pro. (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. Pronominal Adjective Savvam Verb Hohii (Ho) Fu. 3/1 Intr. Absolutive Nisuniuna (Nisuna+una) Abs. Infinitive Hasittae (Hasa+ttae) Inf. Present Participle Joyanto (Joya+nta) PP. 1/1 (Mara - Maria) PAP. 1/1 Past Participle Mario Adjective Impersonal Form Samaggalam (Samaggala) 2/1 Adj. Naccijjai (Nacca+ijja) PT. Imp F. 3/1 Intr. Passive Voice Vilasijjai (Vilasa+ijja) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Causative Darisavami (Darisa+ava) Cau. PT. 1/1 Tr. Jambuo (Jambua) 1/1 'a.' Rim. Retainer of Innate Meaning Suffixes (Svarthika Suffixes) Indeclinable Vinu Ind. Adverbs Avasena (Avasa) 3/1 Adv. Mukko (Mukka) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Irregular Past Participle Irregular Passive Voice Labbhai (Labbhai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. Praksta Prose and Verse 77

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1. Namo Arahantanam Auspicious Observance Namo Siddhanam Namo Ayariyanam Namo Loe Lesson - 1 Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. (Arahanta) 4/2 (embodied spiritually perfect personalities) Savvasahunam Namo Ind. Obeisance Uvajjhayanam (Uvajjhaya) 4/2 (to) Upadhyayas (teachers of ethico-spiritual values) Obeisance (to) Arahantas Ind. Obeisance (Siddha) 4/2 (to) Siddhas (disembodied spiritually perfect souls) Ind. Obeisance (to) Acaryas (Ayariya) 4/2 (propagators of ethico-spiritual values) Ind. (Loa) 7/1 [(Savva)Adj.(Sahu) 4/2] Obeisance (in the) world all the (to) Sadhus (pious personalities) 79

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2. Eso 80 Panca namokkaro Savva pava ppanasano Mangalanam (Mangala) 6/2 Padhamam Havai Mangalam 3. Arahanta Ca Ind. Savvesim (Savva) 6/2 Pro. Adj. Mangalam Siddha Mangalam Sahu Mangalam (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. [(Panca) Adj. (Namokkara) 1/1] [(Savva) Adj. (Pava) Mangalam (Ppanasana) 1/1 Adj.] (Arahanta) 1/2 (Mangala) 1/1 (Siddha) 1/2 (Mangala) 1/1 Kevali [(Kevali) pannatto (Pannatta) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 (Padhama) 1/1Adj. (the) fore-most (Hava) PT. 3/1 Intr. becomes (Mangala) 1/1 auspicious observance (Sahu) 1/2 (Mangala) 1/1 This five-fold obeisance (is the) (of) all the vices destroyer auspicious observances(this) (Mangala) 1/1 and (so) (among) all (the) Arahantas (are) auspicious Siddhas (are) auspicious the omniscient preached by Dharma (ethico-spiritual values) (is) auspicious Sadhus (are) auspicious Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Arahantas 4. Arahanta Loguttama (Arahanta) 1/2 [(Loga)+(Uttama)] [(Loga)(Uttama) 1/2 Adj.) (in the) world (are) excellent Siddhas Siddha Loguttama (Siddha) 1/2 ((Loga)+(Uttama)] [(Loga)(Uttama) 1/2 Adj.) (in the) world (are) excellent Sadhus Sahu Loguttama (Sahu) 1/2 ((Loga)+(Uttama)] [(Loga)(Uttama) 1/2 Adj.) (in the) world (are) excellent Kevali [(Kevali). (by) the omniscient pannatto (Pannatta) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] preached Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 Dharma (ethico spiritual values) Loguttamo [(Loga)+(Uttamo)] [(Loga). (in the) world (Uttama) 1/1 Adj.] (is) excellent ------ 5. Arahante (Arahanta) 2/2 Saranam (Sarana) 2/1 Pavvajjami (Pavvajja) PT. 1/1 Tr. Arahantas (to the) shelter of (1) resort 81 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Siddhe (Siddha) 2/2 Saranam (Sarana) 2/1 Pavvajjami (Pavvajja) PT. 1/1 Tr. Siddhas (to the) shelter of (1) resort Sahu (Sahu) 2/2 Saranam (Sarana) 2/1 Pavvajjami (Pavvajja) PT. 1/1 Tr. Sadhus (to the) shelter of (1) resort Kevali [(Kevali). by the omniscient pannattam (Pannatta) PAP. 2/1 Irre. preached Dhammam (Dhamma) 2/1 the Dharma (ethico spiritual values) Saranam (Sarana) 2/1 (to the) shelter of Pavvajjami (Pavvajja) PT. 1/1 Tr. (1) resort 6. Jhayahi Panca Vi Gurave Mangala (Jha) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Meditate (Panca) 2/2 Adj. (on the) five Ind. only (Gurava) 2/2 holy teachers (spiritual pillars) [(Mangala) Adj. (who are) auspicious (Cau). (in the) four grades of existence sarana) Adj. (who are) the shelters (loya). the world (pariyara) PAP. 2/2) (by whom) has been adorned cau saranaloyapariyarie - - -- - - - - - - 82 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Nara-Sura- [(Nara) (by the) human Kheyara-Mahie : (Sura)- (and) celestial beings along (Kheyara)- with the Vidyadharas (human beings moving in the sky by means of supernormal powers) (Maha)PAP. 2/2] and (who) (have been) adored Arahana [(Arahana)- objects of devotion nayage (Nayaga) 2/2] (who are) (the) supreme Vire (Vira) 2/2 Adj. (who are) (permeated) (with) spiritual energy 1 212] -------------------- 7. Ghana ghaikamma mahana [(Ghana) Adj. - (of) the dense (Ghai) obscuring (Kamma) Karmas (psycho-physical impurities) (Mahana)1/2 Adj.) (who are) (the) annihilators [(Tihuvana)- (in) the three worlds (Vara) existent (Bhavva). releasable souls (Kamala) (for) the lotus of (Mattanda) 1/2) (the) sun (who are like) TihuvanavarabhavvaKamalamattanda ------- Ariha (Ariha) 1/2 Anantanani (Anantanani) 1/2 Adj. (the) Arahantas infinite knowers (who are) Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jai orary.org

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Anuvamasokkha (Anuvama) Adj. (Sokkha) 1/2 Adj. (of) unique bliss (and are also) enjoyers may win (in the) world Jayantu Jae (Jaya) Imp. 3/2 Intr. (Jaa) 7/1 8. Atthaviha- [(Atthaviha)Adj. eight types of kammaviyala (Kamma). Karmas (psycho- physical impurities) (Viyala) 1/2 Adj.) (who are) devoid of Nitthiya- [(Nikthiya) PAP. Irre.- (by whom) have been accomplished kajja (Kajja) 1/2] (all) the purposes Panattha- [(Panattha) PAP. Irre.- (by whom) have been put to an end samsara (Samsara)1/2] (their own) reincarnations in the world - - - - - - - - Ditthasayal- atthasara (of) all [(Dittha)+(Sayala)+ (by whom) (Attha)+(sara)] [(Dittha) PAP. Irre.. have been known (Sayala) Adj. (Attha) the substances (sara) 1/2] : the essences (Siddha) 1/2 the Siddhas (Siddhi) 2/1 (the path to) liberation (Amha) 4/1 Pro. me (Disa) Imp. 3/2 Tr. May show Siddha Siddhim Mama Disantu 84 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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9. Panca mahavvaya tunga TakkaliyaSaparasamayaSudadhara [(Panca) Adj. five (Mahavvaya). Mahavratas (complete vows) (Tunga)1/2 Adj.) (who have acquired) exalted position (by observing) [(Takkaliya)Adj. of contemporary -(Sa) Adj. - (of their) own faith and (Para) Adj. of other's (Samaya) the faith (Suda). knowledge (Dhara) 1/2 Adj.] who are the possessors Nana - gunaganabhariya [(Nana) Adj. - diverse (Guna). (of) virtues (Gana) clusters (Bhar) PAP. 1/2](and) (who) have been saturated with (Airiya) 1/2 the Acaryas (Amha) 4/1 Pro. to me (Pasida) Imp. 3/2 Intr. May do good Airiya Mama Pasidantu --- 10.Annana- [(Annana) Adj. ghora (Ghora) Adj. timire (Timira) 7/1] Duranta- [(Duranta) Adj. tiramhi (Tira) 7/1 Hindamananam(Hinda) PP. 4/2 (of) ignorance (in the) dense darkness (which is) difficult in crossing wandering Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jai 85

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Bhaviyanujjoyayara Bhaviyana Ujjoyayara Uvajjhaya Varamadim [(Bhaviyana)+ (Ujjoyayara) ( Bhaviya) 4/2 Adj. (who are) (of the) mundane souls (Ujjoyayara) 1/2 Adj. the illuminators (Uvajjhaya) 1/2 the Upadhyayas [(Vara) Adj. supreme (Madi) 2/1) understanding (to me) (Da) Imp. 3/2 Tr. May impart --------------- Dentu ------ mala 11. Thira[(Thira) steadily dhariya- (Dhariya)-PAP. has been sustained sila(Sila) of virtues (Mala) 1/2] (by whom) the garland Vavagaya- [(Vavagaya) Adj. - (by whom) has been raya (Raya) 1/2] cast aside attachment Jasoha- [(Jasa)+(Oha)+ (Padihattha)] padihattha [(Jasa) (of) glory (Oha) of multitude (Padihattha)1/2 Adj.] (who) are full Bahuvinaya- bhusiyanga [(Bahu)+(Vinaya)+ (Bhusiya)+(Anga)] [(Bahu)- Adj. with immense (Vinaya) modesty (Bhusiya) PAP.. have been adorned (Anga) 1/2) and (by whom the parts of the) body (Suha) 2/2 happiness (on me) Suhaim 86 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Sahu (Sahu) 1/2 the Sadhus Payacchantu (Payaccha) Imp. 3/2 Tr. May bestow --------- 12.Arihanta Asarira Ayariya Uvajjhaya Munino (Arihanta) 1/2 (Asarira) 1/2 (Ayariya) 1/2 (Uvajjhaya) 1/2 (Muni) 1/2 Arihantas Asariras(Siddhas) Acaryas Upadhyayas (and) Munis -------------- Pancakkhara- ((Panca)+(Akkhara) + nippanno (Nippanno)] [(Panca) Adj. - (from the) five (Akkhara) letters (Nippanna)PAP. 1/2 Irre.] (has) emerged Onkaro (Orkara) 1/1 Omkara (A+A+A+U+M). Panca (Panca) 1/2 Adj. (are the) five Paramitthi (Paramitthi) 1/2 objects of devotion ------ 13.Arahanta bhasiyattham [(Arahanta)+ (Bhasiya)+ (Attham)] [(Arahanta) (Bhasiya)PAP. (Attha) 1/1] [(Ganahara)- (Deva) 3/2] (by the) Arahanta (embodied spiritually perfect personality) revealed The meaning (by the) Ganadharas (chief disciples of the Arahanta) Ganaharadevehim Prakrta Prose and Verse Jain Education international 87

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Ganthiyam Sammam (Ganth) PAP. 1/1 Ind. (has been) worded properly ---------------------------------.. Panamami (Panama) PT. 1/1 Tr. obeisance (1) make Bhattijutto [(Bhatti) with devotion (Jutta) 1/1 Adj.] Sudanana- [(Suda)-(Nana). scriptural knowledge mahodahim (Mahodahi) 2/1] to the ocean of (worded) Sirasa (Sira) 3/1 Irre. So (by) (bowing) my head -------- 14.Sasamaya[(Sa) Adj. of his own Samaya) faith (and) Parasamayaviu (Para) Adj. (of the) other (Samaya). the faith (Viu) 1/1 Adj. J(He who is) the knower Gambhiro (Gambhira) 1/1 Adj. (who is) profound Dittimam (Dittima) 1/1 Adj. resplendent Sivo (Siva) 1/1 Adj. benevolent Somo (Soma) 1/1 Adj. tranquil Gunasayakalio [(Guna) (of) virtues (Saya) Adj. with hundreds (Kala) PAP. 1/1) (and) (who has been) endowed Jutto (Jutta) 1/1 Adj. (is) competent Pavayanasaram [(Pavayana) - . the doctrine (preached by the Arahantas) (Sara) 2/1). the essence of Parikaheum (Parikaha) Inf. for delivering 88 Praksta Prose and Verse

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1. Sutthu Vi Maggijjanto Katthavi Kelil Natthi Jaha Saro Indiavisaesu Taha Natthi Suham Sutthu Vi 2. Jaha Kacchullo Kacchum Prakrta Prose and Verse Lesson Samnasuttam * Ind. (Keli) 7/1 Ind. Ind. (Sara) 1/1 Ind. Ind. Gavittham (Gavittha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. Ind. (Magga) Pass. PP. 1/1 [(India) (Visaa) 7/2] 2 Ind. Ind. (Suha) 1/1 well (in) spite of searched (its being) anywhere plantain tree (in the) no (there is) Just as substance (stem to be seen) Ind. (Kacchulla) 1/1 Adj. (Kacchu) 2/1 sensuous objects (in) so also no (there is) happiness (experience of) thoroughly even if investigated (it has been) Just as (an) itchy (person) itch (his own) 89

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Kanduya mano Duham Munai Sukkham Mohaura Manussa Taha Kama duham Suham Binti - 3. Kammam Cinanti Savasa Tassudayammi U Paravvasa Honti 90 (Kanduya) PP. 1/1 (Duha) 2/1 (Muna) PT.3/1 Tr. (Sukkha) 2/1 [(Moha)+(Aura)] [(Moha) (Aura) 1/2 Adj.] (Manussa) 1/2 Ind. [(Kama)(Duha) 2/1] (Suha) 2/1 (Bu) PT.3/2 Tr. (Kamma) 2/1 (Cina) PT.3/2 Tr. (Savasa) 1/2Adj. [(Tassa)+ (Udayammi)] Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro.Adj. (Udayammi) (Udaya) 7/1 Ind. (Paravvasa) 1/2 Adj. (HO) PT.3/2 Intr. scratching suffering (that) (caused by itching) regards (as) pleasure (action for Karmic bondage) choose (they are) free attachment possessed by persons so also desire (caused by) suffering pleasure (to be) consider the Karma (When men) that in the rise of (bound) (Karma) but dependent become (they) Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Rukkham Duruhai Savaso Vigalai Sa Paravvaso Tatto 4. Kamma vasa Khalu Jiva Jiva vasaim Kahinci Kammaim Katthai Dhanio Balavam Dharanio Katthai Balavam Prakrta Prose and Verse (Rukkha) 2/1 (Duruha) PT.3/1 Tr. (Savasa) 1/1 Adj. free (he is) (Vigala) PT.3/1 Intr.falls (he) (but when) (Ta) 1/1 Pro. he (Paravvasa) 1/1 Adj. (Ta) 5/1 Pro.Adj. [(Kamma) (Vasa) 1/2Adj.] a tree (as when a person) climbs dependent (becomes) (choiceless) from it Karmas (are) subject to (psycho-physical impurities) Ind. (Kamma) 1/2 Ind. certainly (Jiva) 1/2 (Somewhere) (the) Jivas [(Jiva) Jivas (Vasa) 1/2 Adj.] Ind. (Dhania) 1/1 Adj. (Balavam) 1/1 Adj. Irre. (Dharania) 1/1 Adj. (as) somewhere (the) money-lender (is) powerful (and) (the) debtor Ind. (Balavam) 1/1 Adj. Irre. subject to (are certainly) somewhere (and) Karmas somewhere (is) powerful 91

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5. Bhave Viratto Manuo Visogo Eena (Bhava) 7/1 (in the) world (Viratta) 1/1 Adj. unattached (to worldly objects) (Manua) 1/1 (the) person (who lives) (Visoga) 1/1 Adj. free from sorrow (becomes) (Ea) 3/1 Pro. Adj. by this ((Dukkha) + (Oha)+ (Paramparena)] [(Dukkha). sufferings (Oha) multitude of (Parampara)3/1] series (of) Dukkhohaparamparena not Na Lippai defiled (he is) Ind. (Lippai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. [(Bhava). (Majjha) 7/1) Bhavamajjhe Vi Ind. Santo Jalena Va Pokkharini palasam (Santa) 1/1 Adj. (Jala) 3/1 Ind. [(Pokkharini). (Palasa)1/1) of (the) world In the midst in spite of being (his) (by) water just as (the) louts-plant (the) leaf of (is not defiled) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Praksta Prose and Verse 92

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6. Dhammo Mangalamukkittham Ahimsa Sanjamo Tavo Deva Vi Tam Jassa Dhamme Namamsanti Saya Mano [(Mangalam)+ (Ukkittham)] Mangalam (Mangala) 1/1 Adj. (Dhamma) 1/1 Prakrta Prose and Verse Ukittham (Ukkittha) 1/1 Adj. (that) supreme (results) (Ahimsa) 1/1 (Sanjama) 1/1 (Tava) 1/1 (Deva) 1/2 Ind. (Ta) 2/1 Pro. (Namamsa) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Ja) 6/1 Pro. (Dhamma) 7/1 Ind. (Mana) 1/1 Dharma (is) (spiritual value) spiritual beneficence (it is by virtue of the Dharma, spiritual values) Ahimsa (That which is ) (non-violence) self-restraint (and) austerity gods even (To) him pay homage whose (in the) Dharma (spiritual values) always mind is (absorbed) 93

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Ya 7. hammo (Dhamma) 1/1 Dharma (spiritual value) Vatthusahavo (Vatthu)- thing (is known as) (Sahava) 1/1] The basic nature of a (sentient) Khamadi- [(Khama)+(Adi)+(Bhavo)] bhavo [(Khama)-(Adi)- of forgiveness etc. (Bhava) 1/1) the mental states Ind. and Dasaviho (Dasaviha) 1/1 Adi (are) ten kinds Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 (of) Dharma (spiritual values) ----------------------- Rayanattayam [(Rayana)- three Jewels the (Ttaya) 1/1] togetherness of (is) Ca Ind. also Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 Dharma (spiritual value) Jivanam (Jiva) 6/2 (of) Jivas (beings) Rakkhanam (Rakkhana) 1/1 the protection (and again) Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 Dharma (is) (spiritual value) (1) forgive all the beings 8. Khammami (Khamma) PT.1/1 Tr. Savva [(Savva). jivanam (Jiva) 6/21 Savve (Savva) 1/2 Pro. Adj. Jiva (Jiva) 1/2 Khamantu (Khama) Imp. 3/2 Tr. Me (Amha) 2/1 Pro. al] the beings (May) forgive me 94 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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amity (exists) My Mitti Me Savvabhudesu Veram Majjham Na Kena Vi (Mitti) 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. [(Savva)(Bhuda) 7/2] (Vera) 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ind. (Ka) 3/1 Pro. Ind. all (in) the beings enmity (is) my not (with) anybody too - - - - - 9. Je (Ja) 1/1 Pro. who Ya Ind. and Kante (Kanta) 2/2 Adj. the alluring Pie (Pia) 2/2 Adj. likeable Bhoe (Bhoa) 2/2 pleasures Laddhe (Laddha) PAP. 2/2 Irre. (which have been) ( by him) Vipitthi- [(Vipittha) 2/1 back (to) kuvvai Kuvvai (Kuvva) PT.3/1 Tr.] gives his obtained Sahine [(Sa)+(Ahine)] [(Sa). self(Ahina) 2/2 Adj.) possessed Cayai (Caya) PT.3/1 Tr. abandons (and also) Bhoe (Bhoa) 2/2 pleasures Se (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. He Hu Ind. (is) really Cai (Cai) 1/1 Adj. a renunciatory Tti Ind. so Vuccai (Vuccai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. (It is) said Praksta Prose and Verse 95

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10.Ja Ja Vajjai Rayani (Ja) 1/1 Pro. (Ja) 1/1 Pro. (Vajja) PT. 3/1 Irre. (Rayani) 1/1 Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro Padiniyattai (Padiniyatta) PT.3/1 Intr. 96 Na Sa Ahammam (Ahamma) 2/1 Kunamanassa (Kuna) PP. 6/1 Aphala Janti Raio 11. Jo Sahassam Sahassanam Sangame Dujjae Jine Egam Jinejja Appanam Esa (Aphala) 1/2 Adj. (Ja) PT.3/2 Intr. (Rai) 1/2 (Sangama) 7/1 (Dujjaa) 7/1 Adj. (Jina) Imp.3/1 Tr. (Ega) 2/1 Adj. (Jina) Imp.3/1 Tr. that that (Ja) 1/1 Pro. One person (Sahassa) 2/1 Adj. thousands (Sahassa) 6/2 Adj. (of) the thousands (Appana) 2/1 (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. passes night (does) not that return vicious acts (of the man) committing (in) vain pass The nights (in a) battle difficult to one's conquer and the (other person) may own self this (latter) (is) be conquered (may) conquer Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Se Paramo Jao (Ta) 6/1Pro. (Parama) 1/1 Adj. (Jaa) 1/1 his paramount victory - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12. Appanameva [(Appanam)+(Eva)] Appanam (Appana) 2/1 (in one's) own self Eva (Ind.) alone (with internal attachment and aversion) Jujjhahi (Jujjha) Imp. 2/1 Intr. Battle Kim (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Adj. What (is the use) Te (Tumha) 4/1 Pro. of one's Jujjhena (Jujjha) 3/1 battling with Bajjhao Ind. the external (persons) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Appanameva [(Appanam)+(Eva)] (The truth is that) Appanam (Appana) 2/1own self (in one's) Eva (Ind.) alone Appanam (Appana) 2/1 one's own (attachment and aversion) Jaitta (Jaa) Abs. having conquered Suhamehae [(Suham)+(Ehae)] Suham (Suha) 1/1 (one's) happiness Ehae (Eha) PT.3/1 Intr. heightens 97 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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13.Appa Ceva Dameyavvo Appa Hu Khalu Duddamo (Appa) 1/1 (yet) the self Ind. alone (Dama) Opp.1/1 should be restrained (Appa) 1/1 (the) self alone Verily (Duddama) 1/1 Adj. (is) difficult to be restrained Ind. Ind. Appa Danto Suhi Hoi Assim Loe Parattha Ya (Appa) 1/1 (The reason is that) the self (who) (Danta) PAP.1/1 Irre. (has been) restrained (Suhi) 1/1 Adj. happy (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. becomes (Ima) 7/1 Pro, Adj. this (Loa) 7/1 (in) world Ind. (in the) next world Ind. and - - - - - - - - 14.Anathovam Vanathovam ((Ana)-(Thovam)] (Ana) 1/1 (The) debt Thovas (Ind.) small quantity (in a) [(Vana)-(Thovam)] (Vana) 1/1 (The) wound Thovam (Ind.) (in a) small quantity [(Aggi)-(Thovam)] (Aggi) 1/1 (The) fire Thovam (Ind.) small quantity (in a) Aggithovam 98 Prakyta Prose and Verse

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Kasayathovam[(Kasaya)-(Thovam)] (Kasaya) 1/1 (The) passion Thovar (Ind.) small quantity (in a) Ind. and - - - - - - - - - - ------------- Na hu Bhe Visasiyavvam (sno Thovam Ind. not Ind. undoubtedly (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. by you (Visasa) Opp. 1/1 (be) relied upon (should) (their being) Ind. (in) small quantity Ind. despite Ind. since (Ta) 1/1 Pro. that (each one of them) Ind. very much (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. Pi Hu Tam Bahu Hoi is 15.Koho Piim Panasei Mano Vinayanasano (Koha) 1/1 (Pii) 2/1 (Panasa) PT.3/1 Tr. (Mana) 1/1 [(Vinaya). (Nasana) 1/1 Adj.) Anger affection dissolves pride of modesty (is) subversive - - - - - - - - Maya Mittani Nasei Loho (Maya) 1/1 (Mitta) 2/2 (Nasa) PT.3/1 Tr. (Loha) 1/1 hypocrisy friends throws out (and) greed Jailkakrta Prose and Verse www.jain 9rary.org

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Savvavinasano [(Savva)Adj. (Vinasana) 1/1 Adj.) everything (is) destructive of - - - - - - 16. Uvasamena Hane (Uvasama) 3/1 (Hana) Imp.3/1 Tr. Kohar (Koha) 2/1 Manam (Mana) 2/1 Maddavaya (Maddava) Rim. 'Ya' 5/1 Jine. (Jina) Imp.3/1 Tr. (by) calmness (One) (should) subvert anger pride (by) modesty subdue (One) (should) ------ Mayam (Maya) 2/1 hypocrisy Casijava- [(Ca)+(Ajjava)+(Bhavena)] bhavena Ca (Ind.) = and and [(Ajjava). by simplicity (Bhava) 3/1] Lobham (Lobha) 2/1 greed Santosao (Santosa) 5/1 (by) contentment (Jina) Imp.3/1 Tr. overcome (one) (should) Jine --------------- Ind. 17.Jaha Kumme (Kumma) 1/1 Saangai [(Sa) Adj. - (Anga) 2/2] (Sa) Rim. 'A' 7/1 Dehe (Deha) 7/1 Samahare (Samahara) PT.3/1 Tr. Just as (the) tortoise its (own) limbs its (own) (in) body draws Sae ------------.......------------- 100 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Evam Pavaim Mehavi Ajjhappena Samahare 18.Se Janam ajanam Ind. (Pava) 2/2 (Mehavi) 1/1 Adj. (Ajjhappa) 3/1 (Samahara) PT.3/1 Tr. Biyam Tam Na Samayare (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Janam)+(Ajanam)] Janam (Adv.) Ajanam (Adv.) Va Kattum Ahammiam (Ahammia) 2/1 Adj. Payam (Paya) 2/1 Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. Ind. Khippam (Ind.) Appanam (Appana)2/1 Ind. (Ta) 2/1 Pro. Ind. (Samayara) Imp. 3/1 Tr. so also the vices the wise man (by means of) spirituality does away with Samvare (Samvara) Imp. 3/1 Tr. (should) restrain Khippam [(Khippam)+ (Appanam)] appanam the person consciously unconsciously or Having commited wrong action immediately his own self (and then) the second time he not (should) commit it 101

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19.Je Mamaiya - Matim Jahati Se Jahati Mamaiyam Se Hu Dittha pahe Muni Jassa Natthi Mamaiyam 20.Savva gantha vimukko Siibhuo Pasantacitto A 102 (Ja) 1/1 Pro. [(Mamaiya) Adj.(Mati) 2/1] (Jaha) PT.3/1 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Jaha) PT.3/1 Tr. (Mamaiya) 2/1 Adj. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. [(Dittha)PAP. Irre. (Paha) 1/1] (Muni) 1/1 (Ja) 4/1 Pro. Ind. [(Savva) (Gantha) who (an) attached thing (Vimukka)PAP. 1/1 Irre.] (Siibhua) PAP. 1/1 Irre. [(Pasanta) (Citta) PAP. Irre. 1/1] Ind. he alone (has been) comprehended (spiritual) path (is) the knower (by whom) for whom (He) (there) does not (exist) (Mamaiya) 1/1 Adj. any attached thing inclination (towards) renounces He renounces the attached thing all possessions destitute of (The person) (is) tranquil (is) of joyful mind and Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Jam Pavai Muttisuham Na Cakkavatti Vi Tan Lahai (Ja) 2/1 Pro. Add. who (Pava) PT.3/1 Tr. obtains ((Mutti)-(Suha) 2/1) final beatitude Ind. does not (Cakkavatti) 1/1 the emperor Ind. Even (Ta) 2/1 Pro. that (final beatitude) (Laha) PT.3/1 Tr. attain ------ 21. Savve Jiva Vi Icchanti Jiviui Na Marijjium (Savva) 1/2 Pro.Adj. (Jiva) 1/2 Ind. (Iccha) PT.3/2 Tr. (Jiva) Inf. All the Jivas (beings) without exception desire to live (and) Ind. not to die (Mara) Inf. th Tamha Panavaham Ghoram Niggantha Ind. therefore [(Pana)- of Pranas (vital forces) (Vaha) 2/1) taking away (Ghora) 2/1 Adj. the distressful (Niggantha) 1/2 Self-restraining (persons) (Vajjayanti) PT.3/2 Tr. Irre. give up (Ta) 2/1 Pro. Adj. certainly Vajjayanti Nam 22.Jaha Te Ind. (Tumha) 4/1 Pro. Just as to you Prakrta Prose and Verse 103

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Na Piam Dukkham Jania Emeva Savvajivanam Ind. (Pia) 1/1 Adj. (Dukkha) 1/1 (Jana) Abs. Ind. [(Savva) Pro.Adj. (Jiva) 4/2] (is) not dear pain (so also) having known in this way for all (other) Jivas beings Savvayaram- [(Savva)+(Ayaram) uvautto +(Uvautto)] [(Savva)Pro.Adj. all the Jivas beings (you should give) (Ayara)2/1) affection (to) Uvautto (Uvautta) 'O' suffix signifying adequately Ablative meaning Attovammena [(Atta)+(Uvammena)] [(Atta) yourself (with) (Uvamma)3/1) equality (And) (by reason of the) Kunasu (Kuna) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (you should) give Dayam (Daya) 2/1 sympathy (to all of them) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23.Jivavaho Appavaho [(Jiva) (Vaha) 1/1) [(Appa). (Vaha) 1/1) [(Jiva)(Daya) 1/1] (a) Jiva (being) Killing one's own self (is) killing the Jiva (being) compassion (for) Jivadaya 104 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Appano Daya Hoi (Appana) 4/1 (Daya) 1/1 (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. (for) one's own self compassion is Ta Ind. By reason of this Savva- [(Savva)Pro. Adj. all jiva (Jiva) the Jivas beings himsa (Himsa) 1/1) injury (to) Paricatta (Paricatta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. has been abandoned Attakamehim (Attakama) 3/2 Adj. (by) those desirous of self-realization (Tunga) 1/1 Adj. 24.Tungan Na Mandarao Ind. (Mandara) 5/1 higher (there is) nothing (than) (the) Meru mountain (than) (the) sky more extended (is) (and) nothing Agasao Visalayam (Agasa) 5/1 (Visala) Rim. 'Ya' 1/1 Adj. Ind. Natthi Jaha Taha Ind. Ind. (Jaya) 7/1 (Jana) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Just as so also (in the) world know (this) Jayammi Janasu Prakrta Prose and Verse 105

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Dhammam- [(Dhammam)+(Ahimsa) + ahimsasamam (Samam)] Dhammam (Dhamma) virtue (excellent 1/1 and universal) [(Ahimsa). Ahimsa (non violence) (Sama) 1/1 Adj.) corresponding (to) Natthi Ind. (there is) no 25.Sitanti (Sita) PT.3/2 Intr. perish Suvantanam (Suva) PP. 6/2 (the) sleeping (in regard to) Attha (Attha) 1/2 The supra-worldly purposes (and) Purisana (Purisa) 6/2 men Logasarattha[(Loga)+(Sara)+(Attha)] [(Loga) (in the) world (Sara) (and) the best (Attha)1/2] purposes Tamha Ind. so Jagaramana (Jagara) PP. 1/2 waking Vidhunadha (Vidhuna) Imp. 2/2 Tr. (should) annihilate (all of you) Poranayam (Porana) Rim. Ya'2/1 Adj. the old Kammam (Kamma) 2/1 karmas (psycho physical impurities) 106 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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26.Jagaraha (Jagara) Imp. 2/2 Intr. wake up (beware) Nara (Nara) 8/2 O men! Niccam Ind. always Jagaramanassa (Jagara) PP. 6/1 (of the) waking (bewaring) Vaddhate (Vaddha) PT. 3/1 Intr. sharpens Buddhi (Buddhi) 1/1 The intellect --------------- Jo Suvati Na So He Dhanno Jo Jaggati (Ja) 1/1 Pro. who (Suva) PT. 3/1 Intr. sleeps (ignores spiritual values) Ind. (does) not (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Dhanna) 1/1 Adj. become happy (Ja) 1/1 Pro. who (but) (Jagga) PT. 3/1 Intr. wakes up (adheres to spiritual values) (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. always (Dhanna) 1/1 Adj. (becomes) happy So he Saya Dhanno 27.Hayam Nanam Kiya hinam Haya (Haya) 1/1 Adj. (is of no consequence (Nana) 1/1 Knowledge [(Kiya)-(Hina) 1/1 Adj. destitute of action (Haya) 1/1 Adj. (is aslo of) no consequence (Annana- Annanao from ignorance - Annanao) 5/1 (Kiya) 1/1 action (done) Annanao Kiya Praksta Prose and Verse 107

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Pasanto (Pasa) PP. 1/1 seeing (the fire) (even though all the time) Pangulo (Pangula) 1/1 Adj. (the) lame man (It is a well known fact that) Daddho (Daddha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. burned Dhavamano (Dhava) PP. 1/1 (even though) running (also burned) Ind. and Andhao (Andhaa) 1/1 Adj. (the) blind man 28.Jara Java Na Pilei (Jara) 1/1 Ind. Ind. (Pila) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Vahi) 1/1 Ind. Ind. (Vaddha) PT. 3/1 Intr. old age As long as (does) not afflict disease as long as (does) not grow Vahi Java Na Vaddhai Javindiya [(Java)+(Indiya)] Java (Ind.) as long as Indiya (Indiya) 1/2 (and) the senses Na Ind. (do) not Hayanti (Haya) PT. 3/2 Intr. decline Tava Ind. then Dhammam (Dhamma) 2/1 the spiritual path Samayare (Samayara) Imp. 3/1 Tr. (one should) pursue 108 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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29. Aharosaha [(Ahara)+(Osaha)+ Satthabhaya- (Sattha)+(Abhaya)+ Bheo (Bheo) ] [(Ahara) (Osaha) (Sattha) (Abhaya)(Bhea) 1/1] (Ja) 1/1 Pro.Adj. Jam Cauvviham Danam Dayavvam Nidittham uvasay ajjhayana Tam (Ta) 1/1 Pro.Adj. Vuccai (Vuccai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. (Da) OPP. 1/1 [(Nidittham) + (Uvasaya)+(Ajjhayana)] [Nidittham (Nidittham) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] 30.Jayana U (Cauvviha) 1/1 Adj. (Dana) 1/1 Dhammajanani Jayana Prakrta Prose and Verse (lies in) food medicine books (Scriptures) (and) fearlessness (Jayana) 1/1 (Ind.) [(Dhamma) (Janani) 1/1] (Jayana) 1/1 That gift (It is) said (should be) offered The division of which four kinds The gift (is of) [(Uvasaya) (in the) Upasakadhyayan (Ajjhayana) 7/1] (book of the householder) described (This has been so) awareness Surely (of) spirituality (is the) mother awareness 109

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Dhammassa Palani Ceva (Dhamma) 6/1 (Palani) 1/1 Adj. spirituality (is the) fosterer of surely (Ind.) Tavvuddhikari[(Ta)-(Vvuddhikari) (is) its enhancer 1/1 Adj.] Jayana (Jayana) 1/1 awareness Egantasu- [(Eganta)+(Suha) + havaha (Avaha)] [(Eganta)Adj. unconditional (Suha) happiness (Avaha-Fe. Avaha ) 1/1 Adj.) is the begetter of Jayana (Jayana) 1/1 (and) awareness 31. Jayas Care Jayam Citthe Jayamase (Jaya) Adv. with awareness (Cara) Imp. 3/1 Tr. One should move (Jaya) Adv. with awareness (Cittha) Imp. 3/1 Intr. stand [(Jayar)+(Ase) ) Jaya (Adv.) with awareness Ase (Asa) Imp. 3/1 Intr. Adv. with awareness (Saa) Imp. 3/1 Intr. (and) sleep sit Jayam Sae Jayam Bhunjanto (Jaya) Adv. . with awareness (Bhunja) PP. 1/1 (and) eating (One doing all this and) (Bhasa) PP. 1/1 talking Bhasanto 110 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Pavam Kammam Na Bandhai (Pava) 2/1 Adj. (Kamma) 2/1 Ind. (Bandha) PT. 3/1 Tr. vicious Karma (does) not bind Ind. 32.Na Ind. (is) not Kasaya[(Kasaya) (from) passion samutthehi (Samuttha) 3/2 Adj.] originated Ya Metre requirement Vahijjai (Vaha) PT. Pass. carrieda way 3/1 Tr. Manasehim (Manasa) 3/2 Adj. by the mental Dukkhehim (Dukkha) 3/2 suffering Isa-Visaya - Soga-iehim Jhanova- gayacitto [(isa)+(Visaya)+ (Soga)+(Aiehim)] [lisa)-(Visaya) (of) jealousy, dejection, (Soga)-(Aia) 3/2] grief etc. [(Jhana)+(Uvagaya) +(Citto)] [(Jhana) meditation (Uvagaya) PAP. Irre. (by whom) has been practiced (Citta) 1/1) The person (Ja) 3/1 Pro. 33.Jena Vina Logassa Ind. which without (of the) world (Loga) 6/1 111 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Vi Vavaharo Savvaha Na Nivvahai Ind. Metre requirement (Vavahara) 1/1 the transaction Ind. even Ind. (does) not (Nivvaha) PT. 3/1 Intr. go on . Tassa (Ta) 6/1Pro. That Bhuvanekka- [(Bhuvana)+(Ekka)+ guruno (Guruno)] [(Bhuvana). (of) mankind (Ekka) Adj.- (is the) singular (Guru) 4/1] teacher Namo Ind. Salutation (to) Anegantava- [(Aneganta) (the) Anekantavada yassa (Vaya) 4/1] 34.Sayam (Sa) Rim. 'Ya' 2/1 Adj. Sayam (Sa) Rim. 'Ya' 2/1 Adj. Pasamsanta (Pasamsa) PP. 1/2 Garahanta (Garaha) PP. 1/2 Param (Para) 2/1 Adj. Vayam (Vaya) 2/1 one's own one's own Extolling disparaging those of others utterances and Je Tattha Viussanti (Ja) 1/2 Pro. who Ind. Metre requirement Ind. on that occasion (Viussa) PT. 3/2 Intr. behave like a pedantic person (Samsara) 2/1 (on the) world Samsaram 112 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Te (Ta) 1/2 Pro. they (Viussiya) 1/2 Adj. (remain) dependent Viussiya - - - - - - 35. Nanajiva [(Nana) Adj. (Jiva) 1/2] Nanakammam [(pana) Adj. - (Kamma) 1/1) Nanaviham (Nanaviham) 2/1 Adv. Have (Hava) PT. 3/1 Intr. Laddhi (Laddhi) 1/1 Diverse (are) the Jivas varied (is) (their) Karma (and) divergent Is ad (their) capability - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tamha Ind. therefore Vayanavivadam [(Vayana). verbal (Vivada) 2/1] disputation Saga [(Saga). of one's own and para (Para) Adj. with the other's faith samaehim (Samaa) Adj. 3/2) with the votary Vajjijja (Vajja) Imp. 2/1 Tr. avoid Praksta Prose and Verse 113

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Lesson - 3 Uttaradhyayana 1. Pabhuya rayano Raya Senio Magahahivo [(Pabhuya) Adj. abundant (Who was the) possessor of (Rayana) 1/1- Adj.] wealth (Raya) 1/1 The king (Senia) 1/1 Srenika [(Magaha)+(Ahivo)] [(Magaha) of Magadha (Ahiva)1/1) ruler - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------------- Viharajattam Nijjao Mandiku- cchirsi Ceie (Vihara) (Jatta) 2/1 (Nijja) PAP. 1/1 (Mandikuccha) 7/1 (for) a pleasure trip came out in Mandikuksi (Ceia) 7/1 Garden --------- There he (the king) saw 2. Tattha Ind. So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. Pasai (Pasa) PT. 3/1 Tr. Sahum (Sahu) 2/1 Sanjayam (Sanjaya) PAP. 2/1 Irre. Susamahiyam (Su- Adv. Samahiya) PAP. 2/1 Irre. a saint self-controlled completely immersed in meditation 114 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Nisannam Rukkhamulammi Sukumalam Suhoiyam (Nisanna) seated PAP. 2/1 Irre. [(Rukkha). the tree (Mula) 7/1) under (Sukumala) 2/1 Adj. handsome [(Suha)+(Uiyam)] [(Suha)- (for worldly) pleasures (Uiya) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] and suited his 3. Tassa Pae Vanditta Kauna (Ta) 6/1 Pro. (Paa) 2/2 Ind. (Vanda) Abs. (Kauna) Abs. Irre. Ind. (Payahina) 2/1 feet and Having saluted having and circumambulated (him) Ya Payahinam Naiduramanasanne[(Naiduram)+(Anasanne)] Naiduram (Ind.) = neither (at a) distance Anasanne (Anasanna) 7/1 (nor very) near (he stayed) Panjali (Panjali) 2/2 (made) folded hands Padipucchai (Padipuccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (and) asked ------------- 4. Taruno (Taruna) 1/1 (Asa) PT. 2/1 Intr. Si young you are Jai Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jah 1 5rary.org

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Ajjo (Ajja) 8/1 Oh Arya! Pavvaio (Pavvaia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (you) have become saint Bhogakalammi [(Bhoga)- of sensual enjoyment (Kala) 7/1] at the time Sanjaya (Sanjaya) 8/1 Oh self controlled ! Si stable you are in sainthood Uvatthio (Uvatthia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Asa) PT. 2/1 Intr. Samanne (Samanna) 7/1 Eyamastham [(Eyam)+(Attham)] Eyam (Eya) 2/1Pro.Adj. Attham (Attha) 2/1 Sunemu (Suna) Imp. 1/1 Tr. Ta its isu purpose I should listen to So Ind. 5. Anaho Mi Maharayah Naho Majjha Na Vijjai (Anaha) 1/1 Adj. (Asa) PT. 1/1 Intr. (Maharaya) 8/1 (Naha) 1/1 Adj. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ind. (Vijja) PT. 3/1 Intr. without refuge I am Oh great king! protector my No body is ----- ---- Anukampagam Suhim Va (Anukampaga) 2/1 Adj. bestowing compassion (on me) (Suhi) 2/1 any friend and Ind. also Ind. 116 Praksta Prose and Verse

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-------- Kanci - Kanci (ka) 2/1 Pro. any person Nabhisa- [(Na)+(Abhisamema)+ memasham (Aham)] Na (Ind.) do not Abhisamema (Abhisame) PT. 1/2Tr. know Aham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. ---------- 6. Tao Ind. Then (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. Pahasio (Pahas) PAP. 1/1 laughed (and said) Raya (Raya) 1/1 king Senio (Senia) 1/1 Srenika Magahahivo [(Magaha)+(Ahivo)] [(Magaha)-(Ahiva) 1/1] the ruler of Magadha So he -- - - - - - - - - - Te Evam - Eva (Ind.) like (Tumha) 4/1 Pro. you Iddhimantassa(lddhimanta) 4/1 Adj. for a prosperous man Kaham Ind. how Naho (Naha) 1/1 protector Na Ind. no Vijjai (Vijja) PT. 3/1 Intr. is (there) 7. Homi Naho (Ho) PT. 1/1 Intr. (Naha) 1/1 I become the protector Prakrta Prose and Verse Jaint Education international www.jaitd Prary.org

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Bhayantanam (Bhayanta) 4/2 Adj. For the venerable persons (like you) Bhoge (Bhoga) 2/2 sensual pleasures Bhunjahi (Bhunja) Imp.2/1 Tr. you enjoy Sanjaya (Sanjaya) 8/1 Oh self controlled ! ---------- Mitta - Nai- ((Mitta)-(Nai)-by friends and relatives parivudo (Parivuda) surrounded PAP. 1/1 Irre.) Manussam (Manussa) 1/1 human birth Khu Ind. In fact Sudullaham[(Su)-(Dullaha) 1/1 Adj.] is very difficult (to attain) ------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ind. Vi 8. Appana Ind. Anaho (Anaha) 1/1 (Asa) PT. 2/1 Intr. Seniya (Senia) 8/1 Magahahiva [(Magaha)+(Ahiva)] [(Magaha)-(Ahiva)8/1] yourself even without refuge (you) are Oh Srenika! Oh ruler of Magadha! --------------------- - - - - Appana Anaho Santo Kassa Naho Bhavissasi Ind. yourself (Anaha)1/1 without refuge (Santa) PP. 1/1 Irre.' Becoming (Ka) 6/1 Pro. whose (Naha) 1/1 protector (Bhava) Fu. 2/1 Intr. (you) will become - - - - - - - 118 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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in this way (this) was said king 9. Evai Ind. Vutto (Vutta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Narindo (Narinda) 1/1 So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. Susambhanto [(Su) Ind. (Sambhanta) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] Suvimhio [(Su) Ind. (Vimhia) PAP. 1/1 Irre.) that (and) too confused (became) very wonderstruck ------------- Vayanam (Vayana) 2/1 (then) (having heard) such words Asuyapuvvam(Asuyapuvva) 2/1 Adj. (as were) not heard before Sahuna (Sahu) 3/1 (When) by the saint Vimhayannito[(Vimhaya)+(Annito)] [(Vimhaya). surprise (Annita) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] (who was) endowed with 10. Assa Hatthi Manussa Me (Assa) 1/2 (Hatthi) 1/2 (Manussa) 1/2 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. horses Elephants (and) men (are in) my (possession) cities palaces and (are in) my (kingdom) Puram Anteuras (Pura) 1/1 (Anteura) 1/1 Ind. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ca Me Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Bhunjami Manuse Bhoe Ana Issariyam (Bhunja) PT.1/1 Tr. (l) enjoy (Manusa) 2/2 Adj. (related to) human beings (Bhoa) 2/2 sensual pleasures (Ana) 1/1 command (are in vogue) (Issariya) 1/1 sovereignty Ind. and (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ca Me my 11. Erise (Erisa) 7/1 Adj. In such Sampay- [(Sampaya)+(Aggammi)] aggammi [(Sampaya) (of) prosperity (Agga) 7/1] abundance where Savva - [(Savva). all the kama(Kama). desired objects samappie (Samappa)PAP.1/1) have been dedicated (to someone) ------------------ Ind. Kaham Anaho Bhavai Ma Hu Bhante Musam Vae how (Anaha) 1/1 without refuge (Bhava) PT. 3/1 Intr. will (that one) be Ind. do not Ind. so (Bhanta) 8/1 Adj. : Oh venerable! (Musa) 2/1 (tell) a lie (Vaa) 7/1 in your statements 120 Praksta Prose and Verse

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12. Na Tumam Jane Anahassa Attham Pottham Na Patthiva! Jaha Anaho Bhavai Sanaho Va Narahiva 13. Suneha Me Jaha Anaho Bhavati Jaha Me Ind. (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. (Jana) PT. 1/1 Tr. (Anaha) 6/1 (Attha) 2/1 (Pottha) 2/1 Ind. (Patthiva) 8/1 Jain Prakrta Prose and Verse do not (that) you (know) (I) understand without refuge the meaning the root of the word and Oh king! Ind. (Anaha) 1/1 (Bhava) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Sanaha) 1/1 Ind. (Narahiva) 8/1 (Suna) Imp. 2/2 Tr. (Amha) 3/1 Pro. Maharayam (Maharaya) 8/1 Avvakkhittena (Avvakkhitta) 3/1 Adj.with concentrated Ceyasa (Ceya) 3/1 mind accordingly (How) without refuge happens with refuge or (So) Oh king! (I shall tell you the meaning of this accordingly) Ind. (Anaha) 1/1 (Bhava) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. (Amha) 3/1 Pro. listen (to this) by me Oh great king! just as without refuge happens that by me 121

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Ind. Pavattiyam (Pavattiya) PAP. 1/1Irre. Ya 14. Kosambi Nama Nayari Purana Tattha Asi Piya Majjham Pabhuya dhana sancao pura cities bheyani [(Bheyana - Fem. Bheyani) 1/1 Adj.] different from (existed) 15. Padhame Vae Maharayam Atula Me Acchi veyana (Kosambi) 1/1 Ind. (Nayari) 1/1 [(Purana) (Pura) 122 Ind. (Asa) PAT. 3/1 Intr. (Piu) 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Metre requirement has been expounded [(Pabhuya) Adj. (Dhana) (Sancaa) 1/1] Kosambi named (Maharaya) 8/1 [(Atul Fem. - Atula) 1/1 Adj.] (Amha) 6/1 Pro. [(Acchi) (Veyana) 1/1] The city old There (In his possession) (there was) was father my (Padhama) 7/1 Adj. (once) in adolescent (Vaa) 7/1 of abundant wealth accumulation age Oh emperor! unlimited in my eyes pain Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Ahottha Viulo Daho Savva gattesu Patthiva Me Ayariya Vijjamanta cigicchaga 16. Uvatthiya (Uvatthiya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. Abiya Sattha kusala Manta Mula visaraya 17.Te Me (Ahottha) PAT. 3/1 there was (Viula) 1/1 Adj. (there occurred) great burning in all (the parts of) (my) body Oh king! Tigiccham Kuvvanti (Daha) 1/1 [(Savva) Adj. (Gatta) 7/2] (Patthiva) 8/1 Prakrta Prose and Verse arrived (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (for) my (treatment) (Ayariya) 1/2 Doctors [(Vijja) - (and) supernatural field (Manta) of knowledge (Cigicchaga) 1/2] incantation (A-Biya) 1/2 Adj. Unequalled [(Sattha)- (in) medical literature (Kusala) 1/2 Adj.] (who are) competent (of) incantations in the basis proficient (Ta) 1/2 Pro. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Tigiccha) 2/1 (Kuvva) PT. 3/2 Tr. Cauppayam (Cauppaya) 2/1 Adj. Jahahiyam (Jahahiya) 2/1 Adj. [(Manta) (Mula) (Visaraya) 1/2 Adj. who treat (through) They my treatment carried out four types (of) useful 123

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Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya 18. Piya Me Savvasaram Pi Dejjahi Mama Karana Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Esa Majjha Anahaya 124 Ind. Ind. (Dukkha) 5/1 (Vimoya) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Anahaya) 1/1 (Piu) (Amha) 6/1 Pro. [(Savva) Adj. (Sara) 2/1] Ind. (Da) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Karana) 5/1 Ind. Ind. (Dukkha) 5/1 (Vimoya) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Anahaya) 1/1 (they) did not But (to the medical practitioners) from pain make (me) free This is my unprotectiveness father my all types of wealth also gave my (For) purpose did not yet (he) from pain make me free This is my unprotectiveness Prakrta Prose and Verse

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19. Maya mother also Vi my Me Maharaya Puttasogaduhasttiya (Maya) 1/1 Ind. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Maharaya) 8/1 [(Putta). (Soga) (Duha)(Attiya) 1/1 Adj. Oh emperor! of son's suffering by the distress was oppressed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Na Ind. Ya Ind. Dukkha (Dukkha) 5/1 Vimoyanti (Vimoya) PT. 3/2 Tr. Esa (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. Majjha (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Anahaya (Anahaya) 1/1 did not But (my mother) from pain make (me) free This is my unprotectiveness ----------- 20.Bhayaro (Bhayara) 1/2 brothers Me (Amha) 6/1 Pro. my Maharaya (Maharaya) 8/1 Oh emperor! Saga (Saga) 1/2 Adj. own Jettha - [(Jettha) - younger and elder Kanitthaga (Kanitshaga) 1/2 Adj. 'Ga' Rim.) - - - - - - - - - Ya Na Ind. Ind. Dukkha (Dukkha) 5/1 Vimoyanti (Vimoya) PT. 3/2 Tr. Esa (Eta ) 1/1 Pro. Adj. did not but (they) from pain make (me) free This is Praksta Prose and Verse 125

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my Majjha Anahaya (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Anahaya) 1/1 unprotectiveness sisters 21.Bhainio (Bhaini) 1/2 Me (Amha)6/1 Pro. my Maharaya (Maharaya) 8/1 Oh emperor! Saga (Saga) 1/2 Adj. own Jettha[(Jettha) and elder Kanisthaga (Kanitthaga) 1/2 Adj. "Ga' Rim] younger Na Ya Dukkha Vimoyanti Ind. Ind. (Dukkha)5/1 (Vimoya) PT.3/2Tr. (Eta) 1/1 Pro.Adj. Amha)6/1Pro. Anahaya) 1/1 did not but (they) from pain make (me) free This is my unprotectiveness Esa Majjha Anahaya ------ 22.Bhariya Me Maharaya (Bhariya) 1/1 (Amha)6/1Pro. Maharaya)8/1 wife my Oh emperor! Anuratta Fem. (Anuratta + Anuratta) who (is) satisfied 1/1 Adj. (with me) (Anuvvaya) 1/1 (and) is faithful and devoted Anuvvaya - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 126 Praksta Prose and Verse

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with tears, filled wi Assupunnehim ((Amsu)-(Punna) PAP. 3/2 Irre.) Nayanehim (Nayana) 3/2 Uram (Ura) 2/1 Me (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Parisincai (Parisinca)PT.3/1 Tr. with eyes chest my wetted 23.Annam Panam Sa Nhanam (Anna) 2/1 (Pana) 2/1 Ind. (Nhana) 2/1 Ind. [(Gandha) (Malla)(Vilevana)2/1] Sa food drink and bathing and aromatic things, flowers, fragrant embrocation Gandhamallavilevanam (Vie ----- or Mae (Amha) 3/1 Pro. by me Nayam- [(Nayam)+(Anayam)] anayam Nayam (Naya)PAP. 1/1 Irre. It has been known Anayam (Anaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. not known Va Ind. Sa (Ta) 1/1 Pro.Adj. (yet) she (my wife) Bala (Bala) 1/1 (who was) young Novabhunjai [(Na)+(Uvabhunjai)] Na (Ind.) never Uvabhunjai (Uvabhunja) made use of PT. 3/1 Tr. Praksta Prose and Verse 127

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24. Khanam Pi Me Maharaya Pasao Vi Na Phittai Ind. Ind. (Amha)6/1Pro. (Maharaya) 8/1 (Pasa) 5/1 ind. Ind. (Phita) PT. 3/1 Intr. for a moment even my (wife) Oh emperor! from my side even did not go - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Na Ya Dukkha Vimoei Esa Majjha Anahaya Ind. Ind. (Dukkha) 5/1 (Vimoa) PT.3/1 Tr. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Amha)6/1Pro. (Anahaya) 1/1 did not yet (she) from pain make me free This is my unprotectiveness ------- Ind. 25. Tao then Hari (Amha)1/1Pro. I(in my mind) Evamahamsu [(Evam)+(Ahamsu)] Evam (Ind.) in the (following) way Ahamsu (Aha) PAT. 1/1 Tr. told Dukkhama (Dukkhama) 2/1 Adj. intolerable Hu Ind. undoubtedly Puno Puno Ind. again and again Veyana Anubhavius Je (Veyana) 1/1 affliction (Anubhava) Abs. Having experienced Ind. Metre requirement 128 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Samsarammi Anantae (Samsara) 7/1 (Anantaa) 7/1 Adj. in this world infinite - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 26. Saim Ca Ind. Jai immediately If (1) am released Muccija Ind. (Muccija) Imp. Pass. 1/1 Tr. Irre. (Veyana ) 5/1 (Viula) 5/1 Adj. Ind. Veyana Viula lo affliction formidable from this Khanto (Khanta) 1/1 Adj. (By virtue of which) forgiving Danto (Danta) 1/1 Adj. conqueror of senses (and) Nirarambho (Nirarambha) 1/1 Adj. devoid of violence (I shall become) Pavvae (Pavvaa) 7/1 in renunciation ceremony Anagariyam (Anagariya) 2/1 Adj. (I will go) relating to a saint Ca 27.Evam Ind. Ind. Cintaittanam (Cinta) Abs. Pasutto (Pasutta) PAP.1/1 Irre. Mi (Asa) PT. 1/1 Intr. Narahiva (Narahiva) 8/1 in this way precisely having thought slept Oh king! - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Praksta Prose and Verse 129

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PP Pariyattantie (Surprisingly) Fem. (Pariyatta * Pariyattanta in the Pariyattanti) PP. 7/1 diminishing Raie (Rai) 7/1 night Veyana (Veyana) 1/1 pain Me (Amha)6/1 Pro. my Khayam (Khaya) 2/1 towards decline Gaya (Gaya- Gaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. went ------- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28. Tao Kalle Pabhayammi Apucchittana Ind. Then (Kalla) 1/1 Adj. (I was) in good health (Pabhaya) 7/1 in the morning (Apuccha) Abs. Having taken the permission (Bandhava) 2/2 of my relatives Bandhave ----- ----- Khanto (Khanta) 1/1 Adj. (By virtue of which) forgiving Danto (Danta) 1/1 Adj. conqueror of senses (and) Nirarambho (Nirarambha) 1/1 Adj. devoid of violence (I became) Pavvaio (Pavvaia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (I) moved into Anagariyam (Anagariya) 2/1 Adj. the state of saintship 130 Praksta Prose and Verse

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29.To Ind. The consequence (is that) Ham Naho Jao Appano (Amha)1/1 Pro. (Naha) 1/1 (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Appa) 6/1 Adj. Ind. (Para) 6/1 Adj. Ind. Ya the protector have become of myself and of others and Parassa ya - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------ Savvesim Ceva Bhuyanam Tasanam Thavarana (Savva) 6/2 Adj. Ind. (Bhuya) 6/2 (Tasa) 6/2 (Thavara) 6/2 Ind. of all also beings mobile immobile and Ya Jai Praksta Prose and Verse www.jal 3 brary.org

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Lesson - 4 Vajjalagga 1. Dukkham Adv. with great difficulty Kirai (Kirai) PT.Pass.3/1 Tr. Irre. is composed Kavvam (Kavva) 1/1 Poetry Kavvammi (Kavva) 7/1 poetry Kae (Kaa) PAP. 7/1 Irre. On composing Paunjana (Paunjana) 1/1 (its) recitation Dukkham Adv. (is) (made with) difficulty Sante Paunjamane Soyara Dullaha Hunti (Santa) 7/1Adj. (Paunja) PP. 7/1 (Soyara) 1/2 (Dullaha) 1/2 Adj. (Hu) PT. 3/2 Intr. (are) present (If) reciting person listeners difficult to find are verse (Rua) PT 2. Gaha Ruai Anaha Sise Kauna Do Vi (Gaha) 1/1 (Rua) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Anaha - Anaha) 1/1 Adj. (Sisa) 7/1 (Kauna) Abs. Irre. (Do Vi) 2/1 Adj. weeps (the) orphan on head Having kept both Fem. Hatthao (Hattha Hattha) 2/2 the hands --------- ----- Sukaihi Dukkharaiya (Sukai) 3/2 [(Dukkha) by good poets with difficulty Jain E132tion International Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Suhena Mukkho (Raiya) PAP. 1/1) which has been composed Adv. carelessly (Mukkha) 1/1 Adj.(when) (the) ignorant (reader) (Vinasa) PT. 3/1Tr. spoils (the reading of verse) ---------------------------------------- Vinasei 3. Gahahi Who Ko Na (Gaha) 3/2 with Praksta verses (Ka) 1/1 Pro.Adj. Ind. not (Hirai) PT.Pass.3/1 Tr. Irre. is pleased (Piya) 6/2 Adj. (Mitta) 6/2 friends (Ka) 1/1 Pro.Adj. not Hirai Piyana Mittana Ko Na dear Who Ind. Ko Ind. Sambharai (Sambhara) PT. 3/1 Tr. (does) remember Dumijjai (Duma) PT.Pass.3/1 Tr. is afflicted (Ka) 1/1 Pro.Adj. who Na not Vi Ind. And Dumiena (Duma) PAP. 3/1 having been oppressed Suyanena (Suyana) 3/1 beneficent person Rayanena (Rayana) 3/1 Adj. by the honoured 4. Paiya kavvammi [(Paiya)(Kavva) 7/1] from Praksta poetry Prakrta Prose and Verse 133

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Raso Jo Jayai (Rasa) 1/1 (Ja) 1/1 Pro.Adj. (Ja) PT. 3/1 Intr. (The) flavor which grows (does not take us to dispiritedness) Just as by the wise man (through) the words spoken Taha Ya Ind. Cheyabhaniehim [(Cheya) (Bhana) PAP. 3/2] ------- Ind. Uyayassa Ya Vasiyasiyalassa Tittim Na Vaccamo (Uyaya) 6/1 water and [(Vasa) PAP. (by means of) fragrant (Siyala)6/1 Adj.] cold (Titti) 2/1 to dispiritedness Ind. not (Vacca) PT. 1/2 Tr. (we) do resort 5. Paiyakavvassa [(Paiya) to Praksta (Kavva) 4/1] poetry Namo Ind. Salutation Paiyakavvar [(Paiya) Praksta (Kavva) 1/1] poetry Sa Ind. and (to him also) Nimmiyam (Nimma) PAP. 1/1 has been composed Jena (Ja) 3/1 Pro.Adj. by whom ----- 134 Prakyta Prose and Verse

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Taham (Ta) 4/2 Pro. Apabhramsa Ciya Ind. Panamamo (Panama) PT. 1/2 Tr. Padhiuna (Padha) Abs. Ya Je Vi Jananti 6. Suyano Suddha sahavo Mailijjanto Vi Dujjanajanena Charena Dappano Viya Ahiyayaram Nimmalo Hoi Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. (Ja) 1/2 Pro.Adj. Ind. (Jana) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Suyana) 1/1 [(Suddha)Adj. (Sahava) 1/1 Adj.] (Maila) Pass. PP.1/1 Ind. [(Dujjana)(jana) 3/1] (Chara) 3/1 (Dappana) 1/1 Ind. (Ahiyayara) 1/1 Comparative Adj. (Nimmala) 1/1 Adj. (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. those also (we) salute having read (Prakrta poetry) and who also understand (it) virtuous man the good natured being tarnished by the ashes (being tarnished) (the) mirror (becomes more clean) just as Even by the wicked person more pure becomes 135

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7. Suyano Na Kuppai Cciya Aha (Suyana) 1/1 (The) virtuous man Ind. not (Kuppa) PT. 3/1 Tr. does anger Ind. metre requirement Ind. (Kuppa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (he) does angers (Mangula) 2/1 Ind. not (Cinta) PT. 3/1 Tr. (he) think Kuppai Mangular Na evil Cintei - - - - - - - - Aha Cintei Na not Jampai Aha Jampai Lajjiro Hoi Ind. (Cinta) PT. 3/1 Tr. (he) thinks (evil) Ind. (Jampa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (he) does speak (evil) Ind. (Jampa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (he) speaks (evil) (Lajjira) 1/1 Adj. embarrassed (Ho) PT. 3/1 Intr. (he) becomes 8. Dittha Haranti Dukkham Jampanta Denti Sayalasokkhaim (Dittha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Association with (the virtuous men) (Hara) PT. 3/2 Tr. takes away (Dukkha) 2/1 (our) suffering (Jampa) PP. 1/2 speaking (Da) PT. 3/2 Tr. (they) bestow (on us) [(Sayala) Adj.(Sokkha)2/2] pleasures all 136 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Eyam Vihina Sukayam Suyana Jam Nimmiya Bhuvane (Ea) 1/1 Pro.Adj. This (Vihi) 3/1 by the providence (Su-Kaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. auspicious thing has been done (Suyana) 1/2 virtuous men Ind. that (Nimma) PAP. 1/2 have been created (Bhuvana) 7/1 in the world ---------------- --------------- 9. Na Hasanti Param Na Ind. Ind. do not (Hasa) PT. 3/2 Tr. laugh (The virtuous persons) (Para) 2/1 at others do not (Thuva) PT. 3/2 Tr. (they) extol (Appaya) 2/1'Ya' 'Rim. themselves [(Piya) Adj. of lovable things (Saya) 2/2] hundreds (Jampa) PT. 3/2 Tr. they speak Thuvanti Appayam Piyasayai Jampanti this (Eta) 1/1 Pro.Adj. [(Suyana)(Sahava) 1/1) Eso Suyanasahavo Namo Namo Tana Purisanan Ind. (Ta) 4/2 Pro.Adj. (Purisa) 4/2 virtuous persons is the nature of Salutations to those persons (again and again) - - - - . - - Praksta Prose and Verse 137

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10. Akae Vi Kae Vi Pie Kayavippie Vi Hu Piyam Kunanti Te Dullaha Suyana 11. Pharusam Na Bhanasi Bhanio (Akaa) PAP. 7/1 Irre. Piyam Kunanta Jayammi (Jaya) 7/1 Disanti (Disanti) PT.Pass. 3/2 Tr. Irre. 138 Ind. (Kaa) PAP. 7/1 Irre. Ind. (Pia) 7/1 Adj. (Piya) 2/1 Adj. (Kuna) PP. 1/2 [(Kaya) PAP. Irre. on having not been done good (by others) (Vippia) 7/1 Adj.] Ind. Ind. (Piya) 2/1 Adj. (Kuna) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Ta) 1/2 Pro. Adj. (Dullaha) 1/2 Adj. (Suyana) 1/2 (Pharusa) 2/1 Ind. (Bhana) PT. 2/1 Tr. (Bhana) PAP. 1/1 even On having been done and good (by others) good (to others) (persons) doing (in the) world are seen on having been done evil by others even But good (to others) (who) do those are rare harsh do not (you) speak (if harsh words) have been spoken (by the other) virtuous persons Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Vi Hasasi Hasiuna Jampasi Piyaim Sajjana Tujjha Sahavo Na Yanimo Kassa Sariccho 12. Necchasi [(Na)+(Icchasi)] Na (Ind.) Icchasi (Iccha) PT. 2/1 Tr. Paravayaram [(Para)+(Avayaram)] [(Para)-(Avayara) 2/11 Parovayaram [(Para)+(Uvayaram)] [(Para)-(Uvayara) 2/1] Ind. Niccamavahasi[ (Niccam)+(Avahasi)] Ca Avahasi Avarahehi Na Ind. (Hasa) PT. 2/1Intr. (Hasa) Abs. (Jampa) PT. 2/1 Tr. (Piya) 2/2 Adj. Prakrta Prose and Verse (Sajjana) 8/1 (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. (Sahava) 1/1 Ind. (Yana) PT. 1/2 Tr. (Ka) 6/1 Pro.Adj. (Sariccha) 1/1 Adj. Niccam (Ind.) (Avaha) PT. 2/1 Tr. Ind. even then (you) laugh Having laughed (you) speak loving words Oh virtuous man! Your nature do not we know to whom (is) similar do not you desire the ill of others good to others and (Avaraha) 3/2 (on account of) offences (done against you) not always you do 139

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Kuppasi Suyana Namo Tuha Sahavassa (Kuppa) PT. 2/1 Tr. you (are) angry (with anybody) (Suyana) 8/1 Oh virtuous man! Ind. Therefore) salutation (Tumha) 4/1 Pro. to your (Sahava) 4/1 nature many 13. Dohim Ciya Pajjattam Bahuehi Vi Kim Gunehi Suyanassa (Do) 3/2 Adj. by his two (qualities) Ind. only (Pajjatta) 1/1 Satisfaction (occurs) (Bahua) 3/2 Adj. Ind. even (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Adj. what (is) the use of (Guna) 3/2 qualities (Suyana) 6/1 of the virtuous man -------- Vijjupphuriyam Roso Mitti Pahanareha [(Vijju). (Pphuriya) 2/1 Adj.) (Rosa) 1/1 (Mitti) 1/1 [(Pahana). (Reha) 1/1] Ind. (like) lightening unstable anger (and) friendship on stone the line like Vua 14.Dinam (Dina) 2/1 (the) poor Abbhuddharium(Abbhuddhara) Inf. To elevate Patte (Patta) 7/1 Adj. on getting (a person) 140 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Saranagae [(Sarana)+(Agae)] [(Sarana). (Agaa) PAP. 7/1 Irre.) (Piya) 2/1 Adj. (Kaum) Inf. Irre. (for) shelter having come good to do Piyam Kaur Avaraddhesu (Avaraddha) 7/2 offences (done against himself) Vi Ind. even Khamium (Khama) Inf. to forgive Suyano (Suyana) 1/1 the virtuous man Cciya Ind. and Navari Ind. only Janei (Jana) PT. 3/1 Tr. knows (all these) - - - - - - - - - - two 15.Be Purisa Dharai Dhara Ahava Dohim (Be) 2/2 Adj. (Purisa) 2/2 (Dhara) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Dhara) 1/1 Ind. (Do) 3/2 Adj. Ind. (Dhara) PAP. 1/1 (Dharani) 1/1 persons holds The earth or (if it is said) by two (persons) Pi only Dhariya Dharani has been held the earth --------------- Uvayare Jassa (Uvayara) 7/1 (First) (is) (in) beneficence (Ja) 6/1 Pro.Adj. whose (Mai) 1/1 mind Mai Praksta Prose and Verse 141

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Uvayariyam (Uvayara) PAP. 2/1 (the) conferred beneficence Jo (Ja) 1/1 Pro.Adj. (and) (secondly) who not Pamhusai (Pamhusa) PT. 3/1 Tr. does forget Na Ind. 16. Sela Calanti Palae (Sela) 1/2 (Cala) PT. 3/2 Intr. (Palaa) 7/1 Mountains perish in the dissolution (of the world) (the) boundary (and) oceans Majjayam Sayara (Majjaya) 2/1 (Sayara) 1/2 Vi Ind. even Mellanti (Mella) PT. 3/2 Tr. transgress Suyana (Suyana) 1/2 the virtuous men Tahim (Ta) 7/1 Pro.Adj. on that Pi Ind. but Kale (Kala) 7/1 occasion Padivannam(Padivanna) PAP. 2/1 Irre. (the) given (word) Neya Ind. never Sidhilanti (Sidhila) PT. 3/2 Tr. slacken --------------... 17.Candanataru [(Candana). a sandal (Taru) 1/1] Vua Ind. Suyana (Suyana) 1/2 (the) virtuous men Phalarahiya[(Phala)-(Raha) PAP. 1/2) fruitless tree like 142 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Jai Vi Nimmiya Vihina Ind. (Nimma) PAP. 1/2 (Vihi) 3/1 Though have been created by the providence ----------------- Taha Vi Ind. Kunanti (Kuna) PT. 3/2 Tr. Parattham (Parattha) 2/1 Niyayasarirena[(Niya) Adj. 'Ya' Rim.- (Sarira) 3/1] Loyassa (Loya) 6/1 yet (they) do good by their own body to people ------ ------------------ ---- --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18. Gunino Gunehi (Guni) 1/2 (Guna) 3/2 Vihavehi (Vihava) 3/2 the virtuous by reason of (their) virtues by virtue of (their) affluence the affluent (may) become haughty It is possible (that) Vihavino Hontu Gavviya Nama (Vihavi) 1/2 (Ho) Imp. 3/2 Intr. (Gavviya) 1/2 Adj. Ind. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Dosehi (Dosa) 3/2 Ind. Navari Gavvo Khalana Maggo Cciya Auvvo (Gavva) 1/1 (Khala) 6/2 (Magga) 1/1 Ind. (Auvva) 1/1 Adj. (because of) (their) own vices only (the wicked) (become) haughty of the wicked the way Really (is) strange - - - - - - - Praksta Prose and Verse 143

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19.Santam Na Denti 144 Pi Haranti (Da) PT. 3/2 Tr. Varenti (Vara) PT. 3/2 Tr. Dentayam (Da) PP. 2/1 'Ya' Rim. Dinnayam (Dinna) 2/1Adj. 'Ya' Rim. Ind. (Hara) PT. 3/2 Tr. Animitta vairiyanam Khalana Maggo Cciya Auvvo 20. Jehim Ciya Ubbhaviya Jana Pasaena Niggaya payava (The wicked) the thing existing (with their own self) Ind. do not give obstruct the givers the given thing even snatch away (Santa) 2/1 Adj. [(Animitta) (Vairiya)6/2Adj.] (Khala) 6/2 (Magga) 1/1 Ind. (Auvva) 1/1 Adj. (Ja) 3/2 Pro.Adj. without any reason (They are the) effectors of hostility of the wicked By which (by the Vindhya mountain) (Payava) 1/2] the way Really (is) strange Ind. even (Ubbhava) PAP. 1/2 have been elevated (Ja) 6/2 Pro. by whose (Pasaa) 3/1 [(Niggaya) PAP. Irre. grace has been spread out their influence Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Samara Dahanti Vinjham Khalana Maggo Cciya Aunno (Samara) 1/2 the non- Aryans (Daha) PT. 3/2 Tr. they set on fire (Vinjha) 1/2 (the) Vindhya mountain (Khala) 6/2 (of the) wicked (Magga) 1/1 the way Ind. Really (Auvva) 1/1 Adj. (is) strange ------ ------------ 21. Sarasa Vi Duma Davanalena Dajjhanti (Sarasa) 1/2 Adj. Ind. (Duma) 1/2 (Davanala) 3/1 (Dajjhanti) PT. Pass. 3/2 Tr. Irre. [(Sukkha) Adj.(Samvaliya) 1/2 Adj.) (Just as) fresh even trees by the forest fire are burned Sukkhasamvaliya dry grass mixed with -------------------------------------------- Dujjanasange Patte Suyano [(Dujjana)- (similarly) (of) (the) wicked (sanga) 7/1) in the company (Patta) 7/1 Adj. on going (Suyana) 1/1 the virtuous man Ind. too (Suha) 2/1 happiness Ind. does not (Pava) PT. 3/1 Tr. get Vi Suham Na Pavei 145 Praksta Prose and Verse

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22.Dhanna Bahir- andhaliya Do (Dhanna) 1/2 (are) fortunate ((Bahira)+(Andhala)+(lya)] [(Bahira) Adj. deaf (Andhala) Adj. (and) blind (lya) 1/2 Adj.] (Do) 1/2 Adj. (the) two (persons) (namely) Ind. Only (Jiva) PT. 3/2 Intr. and (really) live (Manusa) 7/1 in the human (Loa) 7/1 Cciya Jivanti Manuse Loe world - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Na Sunanti Pisunavayanam Khalassa Riddhi Na Pecchanti Ind. do not (Suna) PT. 3/2 Tr.(Because) (they) listen [(Pisuna) of the wicked (Vayana) 2/1) to the words (Khala) 6/1 of the wicked (Riddhi) 2/2 (and) the prosperity Ind. do not (Peccha) PT. 3/2 Tr. see ---... 23. Ekkam (Ekka) 1/1 Adj. Ciya Ind. Salahijjai (Salaha) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Dinesa [(Dinesa)diyahana (Diyaha) 6/2] Navari Ind. Nivvahanam (Nivvahana) 1/1 Ajamma Ind. co- existence really (is) extolled of the sun and of the day-time Only the continued throughout life 146 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Ekkamekkehi (Ekkamekka) 3/2 Adj. Jehi Viraho Cciya Na Dittho 24.Padivannam Dinayara vasarana Donham Suhai Suro Na [(Dinayara) - (Vasara)) 6/2] (Do) 6/2 Adj. Akhandiyam (A-khanda) PAP. 1/1 Dinena Vina Dino Vi Na Hu Sura virahammi (Ja) 3/2 Pro. (Viraha) 1/1 Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. Ind. (Dittha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Padivanna) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Suha) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Sura) 1/1 Ind. (Dina) 3/1 Ind. (Dina) 1/1 Ind. Ind. Ind. [(Sura) - (Viraha) 7/1] by anyone of them Out of which separation which has been done even no has been witnessed the sun and the day-time by both Unbroken (friendship) shines The sun (is) not day-time without (and) the day-time too does not exist undoubtedly from the sun in separation www.j47ibrary.org

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25.Tam (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. He Mittam (Mitta) 1/1 (a) friend Kayavvam (Kayavva) OPP. 1/1 Irre. should be made (Ja) 1/1 Pro. who metre requirement Vasanammi (Vasana) 7/1 (in) misfortune Desa[(Desa) - or at any place kalammi (Kala) 7/1] at (any) time Jam Kira Ind. Alihiya [(Aliha) PAP.. bhitti (Bhitti) - baullayam (Baulla) 1/1 'Ya Rim.) Ind. Na Ind. Parammuhar (Parammuha) 1/1 Adj. Thai (Tha) PT.3/1 Intr. Va the painted (on the) wall puppet like does not indifferent remain - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 148 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 5 Bhagavati Aradhana 1. Dujjana- [(Dujjana) Adj. the wicked samsaggie(Samsagga Sassaggi) 3/1] (In the) company (of) Pajahadi (Pajaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. renounces Niyagam (Niyaga) 2/1 Adj. his own Gunam (Guna) 2/1 virtue Khu Ind. for certain Sujano (Sujana) 1/1 the virtuous man ne Vi Ind. even Siyalabhavam Udayam Jaha Pajahadi Aggijoena [(Siyala)(Bhava) 2/1] (Udaya) 1/1 Ind. (Pajaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. [(Aggi)(Joa) 3/1] (its) cold nature water just as relinquishes (of) fire (with the) contact 2. Nanujjovo [(Nana)+(Ujjovo)] [(Nana)(Ujjova) 1/1] (Jova) 1/1 [(Nana)+(Ujjovassa)] [(Nana)(Ujjova) 6/1] of knowledge The light (is) (the real) light Jovo Nanujjovassa of knowledge of the light Praksta Prose and Verse 149

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Natthi [(Na)+(Atthi) ] Na (Ind.) Atthi (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Padighado (Padighada) 1/1 no (There) is vanishment ------------------ -------------- ------------- illumines Divei Khettamappam area Suro Nanam Jagamasesam (Diva) PT. 3/1 Tr. [(Khettam)+(Appam)] Khettam (Khetta) 2/1 Appam( Appa) 2/1 Adj. (Sura) 1/1 (Nana) 1/1 [(Jagan)+(Asesam)] Jagam (Jaga) 2/1 Asesam (Asesa) 2/1 Adj. a small The sun (but) knowledge (illumines) universe the total ----------------- The learning certainly of a devotee 3. Vijja (Vijja) 1/1 Vi Ind. Bhattivantassa (Bhattivanta)6/1 Siddhim- [(Siddhim)+(Uvayadi)] uvayadi Siddhim(Siddhi) 2/1 Uvayadi (Uvaya)PT.3/1 Tr. Hodi (Ho) PT. 3/1 Intr. Saphala (Saphala) 1/1 Adj. its fullness reaches is (it) fruitful Ya Ind. and how Kiha Puna Nivvudibijam Then Ind. Ind. [(Nivvudi). (Bija) 1/1] emancipation the seed of 150 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Sijjhahidi (Sijjha) Fu. 3/1 Intr. (will) fructify Abhattimantassa (Abhattimanta) 4/1 (for the) undevout Jo 4. Nanujjoena [(pana)+(Ujjoena)] [(Nana) of knowledge (Ujjoya) 3/1] the light Vina Ind. without (Ja) 1/1 Pro. He who Icchadi (Iccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. desires Mokkhamaggam- [(Mokkha)+ (Maggan)+ uvagantun (Uvagantum) [(Mokkha)- (of) emancipation (Magga) 2/1) on (the) path (Uvagantum) Inf. Irre. (to) move Gantur (Gantum) Inf. Irre. (to) go Kadillamicchadi ((Kadillam)+(Icchadi)] Kadillar (Kadilla) 2/1 (to) the forest Icchadi (Iccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (who) desires Andhalao (Andhalaa) 'A' Rim. 1/1Adj. (is like) the blind person Andhayarammi (Andhayara) 7/1 (in) darkness - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --------- 5. Javaiyaim Dukkhai Honti Loyammi Cadu (Javaiya) 1/2 Adj. As many (Dukkha) 1/2 sufferings (Ho) PT. 3/2 Intr. so many are (there) (Loya) 7/1 (in the) world [(Cadu) Adj. four Prakrta Prose and Verse 151

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gadi gadaim Savvani Tani Himsa phalani Jivassa Janahi 6. Jalacandana sasimutta candamani Taha Narassa Nivvanam Na Karanti Kunai Jaha Hida madhura mida vayanam (Gadi)-(in the) grades of existence (have) pervaded 152 (Gada)PAP.2/2 Irre.] (Savva) 2/2 Pro.Adj. (Ta) 2/2 Pro.Adj. [(Himsa) (Phala) 2/21 (Jiva) 6/1 (Jana) Imp. 2/1 Tr. [(Jala)-(Candana) (Sasi)-(Mutta) (Candamani) 1/2] Ind. (Kara) PT. 3/2 Tr. (Kuna) PT. 3/1 Tr. Ind. Atthajjuyam [(Atthajjuya)1/1Adj.] Ind. (Nara) 4/1 (Nivvana) 2/1 those (sufferings) of violence (Himsa) as the result (to) beings Know all Water, sandal, moon, pearl, (and) (even) moon-stone such (to a) person satisfaction do not produce bring about as (and) endowed with meaning beneficent, [(Hida)Adj.(Madhura)Adj. sweet (Mida) limited (Vayana) 1/1]the words (which are) Prakrta Prose and Verse

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7. Evam Jam Jam Passadi Davvam Ahilasadi Pavidum Tam Tam Savva jagen Vi Jivo Lobhaittho Na Tippedi 8. Jaha Maruo Pavaddhai Khanena Vittharai Abbhayam Ca Jaha Jivassa Taha Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. (Ja) 2/1 Pro.Adj. (Passa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Davva) 2/1 (Ahilasa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Pava) Inf. (Ta) 2/1 Pro. [(Savva) Pro. - (Jaga) 3/1] Ind. (Jiva) 1/1 [(Lobha)+(Aittho)] [(Lobha). (Aittha) 1/1 Adj.] Ind. (Tippa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. (Marua) 1/1 (Pavaddha) PT. 3/1 Intr. Adv. (Vitthara) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. Ind. (Abbha) 'Ya' Rim. 1/1 Thus anyone sees thing (he) desires (to) possess that (with the) whole world on greed (A man) dependent does not feel satisfied even a man Just as (the) air increases instantly spreads (the) cloud and just as (Jiva) 6/1 (of a) human being Ind. similarly 153

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Lobho Mando Vi Khanena Vittharai 9. Lobhe Ya Vaddhide Puna Kajjakajjam Naro Na Cintedi To Appano Vi Maranam Aganinto Sahasam Kunadi 10. Gantha ccao Indiya 154 (Lobha) 1/1 (Manda) 1/1 Adj. Ind. (Khana) Adv. (Vitthara) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Lobha) 7/1 Ind. (Vaddha) PAP. 7/1 Ind. [(Kajja)+(Akajjam)] [(Kajja) (Akajja) 2/1] (Nara) 1/1 Ind. (Cinta) PT. 3/1 Tr. [(Gantha) (Ccaa) 1/1] [(Indiya) greed (the) mild even instantly increases greed And (in) increased again duty (and) non-duty Ind. (and) then (Appana) 1/1 Adj. his own Ind. even (Marana) 2/1 death (Agani) PP. 1/1 without considering (Sahasa) 2/1 (any) formidable crime (Kuna) PT. 3/1 Tr. (He) commits a man does not think of (of) possession (the) renunciation (is useful) (the) senses Prakrta Prose and Verse

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nivarane Ankuso Va (Nivarana) 7/1] (in) restraining (Ankusa) 1/1 (there is an) iron hook Ind. Just as (Hatthi) 4/1 for (controlling) the elephant Hatthissa - - - - - - - - - - - Nayarassa (Nayara) 4/1 for (the protection of) the city (there is the) moat so also Khaiya Vi and Ya Indiyagutti (Khaiya) 1/1 Ind. Ind. ((Indiya). (Gutti) 1/1] (Asangatta) 1/1 (of) senses (the) restraint is (no doubt) non- attachment Asangattam Ind. see 11.Na does not Gune (Guna) 2/2 (An angry man) (the) virtues (of others) Pecchadi (Peccha) PT.3/1 Tr. Avavadadi (Avavada) PT.3/1 Tr. (He) disparages Gune (Guna) 2/2 the virtues (of others) Jampadi (Jampa) PT.3/1 Tr. (He) talks Ajampi- (Ajampa) OPP. 1/1(that which is) not fit davvar (to be) talked Ca Ind. and Rosena Ruddahidao (Rosa) 3/1 [(Rudda) Adj. - (Because of) anger (of) raging 155 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Naragasilo Naro Hodi (Hidaa) 1/1) (Naragasila) 1/1 Adj. (Nara) 1/1 (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. nature infernal the man is - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - is 12. Mani Visso Savvassa Hodi Kalaha bhayaveradukkhani (Mani) 1/1 (An) egoistic (person) (Vissa) 1/1 poison (filled with ill-will) (Savva) 4/1 Pro. (for) all (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. [(Kalaha)- (He) meets with strife (Bhaya) fear (Vera) enmity (Dukkha) 2/2 ) and sufferings (Duk Pavadi Mani (Pava) PT.3/1 Tr. (Mani) 1/1 meets with (Again) an egoistic (person) certainly (in) this (world) in the next world Niyadan Iha Paraloe Ind. Ind. (Paraloa) 7/1 Ind. (Avamana) 2/1 Ya and Avamanam dishonour 13.Sayanassa Janassa Pio Naro (Sayana) 6/1Adj. (Jana) 6/1 (Pia) 1/1 Adj. (Nara) 1/1 (Amani) 1/1 Adj. among relatives (and) non-relatives loving (The) person without ego Amani Prakrta Prose and Verse 156

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always Sada Havadi Loe Ind. (Hava) PT.3/1 Intr. (Loa) 7/1 is (in the) world knowledge honour and Nanam Jasam Ca Attham Labhadi Sakajjar Ca : Sahedi (Nana) 2/1 (Jasa) 2/1 Ind. (Attha) 2/1 (Labha) PT.3/1 Tr. (Sakajja) 2/1 Ind. (Saha) PT.3/1 Tr. wealth (He) obtains his own task and accomplishes 14. Vijjuva (Vijju) 1/1 (the) lightening (Va) Ind. like Cancalaim (Cancala) 1/2 Adj. (which are) unsteady Dittha- [(Ditha) PAP. Irre.- (have been)apprehended Panatthaim (Panattha) PAP.1/2 Irre.) (as) vanished Savva- [(Savva)Pro. Adj. All the (worldly) sokkhaim . (Sokkha)1/2] pleasures Jalabubbudo Vva [(Jala). (bubbuda) 1/1) Ind. (Adhuva) 1/2 Adj. (Hu) PT.3/2 Intr. (Savva) 1/2 Adj. (Thana) 1/2 (of) water (the) bubble like impermanent are Adhuvani Hunti Savvani Thanani All (the) places ------------- Praksta Prose and Verse 157

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15. Rattim Egammi Dume Saunanam Pindanam (Ratti) 2/1 (Ega) 7/1 Adj. (Duma) 7/1 (Sauna) 6/2 (Pindana) 1/1 Ind. (Sanjoga) 1/1 at night (on) any one tree (of) birds (gathering) (the) group like Sanjogo (are) a coincidence Pariveso (Parivesa) 1/1 ring of light around the sun or the moon Va Ind. like Anicco (Anicca) 1/1 (They are) transient Issariyana. [(Issariya)+(Ana)+ dhanaroggam (Dhana)+(Aroggam)] [(Issariya) Property (Ana) order (Dhana). foodstuff (Arogga) 1/1] (and) health 16. Indiyasamaggi [(Indiya)(Samaggi) 1/1) Ind. (Anicca) 1/1Adj. (Sanjha) 1/1 Vi Anicca Sanjha Va Hoi Jivanam (the) sensuous possession even transient (the) evenings like Ind. is (Ho) PT.3/1 Intr. (Jiva) 6/2 (of) persons 158 Praksta Prose and Verse

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midday like (of) men Majjhanham (Majjhanha) 1/1 Va Ind. Naranam (Nara) 6/2 Jovvanam- [(Jovvanam)+ anavatthidam (Anavasthidam)] Jovvanam (Jovvana) 1/1 Anavasthidam (Anavattha) PAP. 1/1 Loe (Loa) 7/1 (and) youth (is) unsteady (In the) world ---- - - - - - - - - - - - (Canda) 1/1 (Hina) 1/1 Adj. Ind. 17. Cando Hino Va Puno Vaddhadi Edi (The) moon diminishes and again increases Ind. (Vaddha) PT.3/1Intr.. (E) PT. 3/1 Tr. Ind. (Udu) 1/1 (Adida) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ya comes and season passed away Udu Adido Vi Ind. again Nadu [(Na)+(Du)] Na (Ind.) Du (Ind.) (Jovvana) 1/1 (Niyatta) PT. 3/1 Intr. does not But youth return Jovvanam Niyattai Prakrta Prose and Verse 159

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Nadijalagada-[(Nadi)+(Jala)+(Gada)+ 160 chiddam Ceva 18. Himanicao Vi Va Ind. Ind. Gihasayan [(Giha)+(Sayana)+ asanabhandani (Asana)+(Bhandani)] Honti Adhuvani Jasakitti Vi Anicca Loe rago (Chiddam) ] [(Nadi) (Jala) (Gada) (Chidda) 2/1] Ind. Vva [(Hima) (Nicaa) 1/1] [(Giha) (Sayana)(Asana) Sanjjhabbha- [(Sanjjha)+(Abbha)+ (Rago)] [(Sanjjha)(Abbha) (Raga) 1/1] Ind. (Bhanda) 1/2] (Ho) PT. 3/2 Intr. (Adhuva) 1/2 Adj. [(Jasa)-(Kitti)) 1/1] Ind. Fem. (Anicca Anicca) 1/1 (Loa) 7/1 (of) river (flow of) water gone (into the) (a) small fish like ice-pieces (the) collection (of) also like houses beds seats (and) utensils are transient honour and fame Even (are) transient (In the) world in the evening of the sky (the) redness like Prakrta Prose and Verse

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19.Jhanam Kasayarogesu Hodi Vejjo Tigichade Kusalo (Jhana) 1/1 meditation [(Kasaya). (similarly) of passions (Roga) 7/2] (in the) diseases (Ho) PT. 3/1 Intr. : becomes (Vejja) 1/1 doctor (Tigicha) PT. 3/1 Tr. who does therapy (Kusala) 1/1 Adj. (an) expert ------------------ (Roga) 7/2 in the diseases Ind. Just as (Vejja) 1/1 a doctor (Purisa) 6/1 (of) a person (Tigichaa) 1/1 therapist (Kusala) 1/1 Adj. (is) an expert -------------- Rogesu Jaha Vejjo Purisassa Tigichao Kusalo ------------ 20.Jhanam Visayachuhae Ya Hoi Annam Jaha Chuhae Va (Jhana) 1/1 (there is) meditation [(Visaya). (of) sensuality (Chuha) 7/1] in the hunger Ind. and (Ho) PT. 3/1 Intr. becomes (Anna) 1/1 (there is) foodstuff Ind. Just as (Chuha) 7/1 (in) hunger Ind. similarly --------------- Jhanam (Jhana) 1/1 Visayatiske [(Visaya) - (Tisa) 7/1) Udayar Udayam (Udaya) 1/1 Va Ind. Tanhae (Tanha) 7/1 (there is) meditation (of) sensuality (so also) in the thirst (there is) water Just as (in) thirst (Tanbal annae Praksta Prose and Verse 161

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162 Amangaliyapurisassa Kaha The story of an inauspicious man 1. Egammi Nayare Ego Amangaliya- [(Amangaliya) purisassa Kaha So Eriso Atthi Jo Ko Vi Pabhayammi Lesson-6 (Ega) 7/1 Adj. (Nayara) 7/1 (Ega) 1/1 Adj Amangalio ( Amangaliya) 1/1Adj. (Muddha) 1/1Adj. Muddho Puriso (Purisa) 1/1 Asi (Asa)PAT.3/1 Intr. Tassa Muham Pasei So Bhoyanam Pi Na Lahejja (Purisa) 6/1] (Kaha) 1/1 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Erisa) 1/1 Adj. (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Ja) 1/1 Pro. (Ka) (Vi) 1/1 Pro. (Pabhaya) 7/1 (Ta) 6/1 Pro. (Muha) 2/1 (Pasa) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Bhoyana) 2/1 Ind. Ind. (Laha) PT. 3/1 Tr. an inauspicious (of) man (The) story In a city an inauspicious foolish man (there) was he such is was who anybody in the morning at his face looks that food even did not get Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Paura Vi Paccuse Kaya Vi Na Tassa Muham Pikkhanti (Paura) 1/2 Adj. (The) resident of city Ind. also (Paccusa) 7/1 in the morning Ind. never (Ta) 6/1 Pro. at his (Muha) 2/1 face (Pikkha) PT. 3/2 Tr. looked Naravaina Vi Amangaliya- (Naravai) 3/1 Ind. ((Amangaliya). by the king also (the) concerning inauspicious man The remark was heard purisassa Vatta Sunia (Purisa) 6/1] (Vatta) 1/1 (Suna) PAP. 1/1 ----------------------------------- - - - - - - for testing by the king Once in the morning Parikkhattham ((Parikkha)+(Attham)] (Parikkhattham) Adv. Narindena (Narinda) 3/1 Egaya Ind. Pabhayakale [(Pabhaya)-(kala)7/1] So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ahuo (Ahua) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro. Muham (Muha) 1/1 Dittham (Dittha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. he was called his face was seen ------- ---------- Jaya Ind. (Raa) 1/1 When the king Raya Jai Prakrta Prose and Verse www.jail 6 Brary.org

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put Bhoyanattha-[(Bhoyana) +(Attham)+ muvavisai (Uvavisai)] (Bhoyanattham) Adv. for taking food Uvavisai ((Uvavisa) PT.3/1 Intr. sit +sat Kavalam (Kavala) 2/1 the morsel of food Ca Ind. and Muhe (Muha) 7/1 in his mouth Pakkhivai (Pakkhiva) PT.3/1 Tr. Taya Ind. there Ahilammi (Ahila) 7/1 Adj. whole Nayare (Nayara) 7/1 in the city Akamha Ind. all of a sudden Paracakka- [(Paracakka)- (of) attack by the enemy bhaena (Bhaya) 3/1] on account of the fear Halabolo (Halabola) 1/1 a noise Jao (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. occurred Then Taya Naravai Vi Bhoyanam Cicca Sahasa Utthaya Sasenno Nayarao Bahim Ind. (Naravai) 1/1 (the) king Ind. even (Bhoyana) 2/1 (the) food (Cicca) Abs. Irre. having left Ind. immediately (Uttha - Uttha) Abs. (and) having got up [(Sa) Adj. with (Senna) 1/1] (an) army (Nayara) 5/1 (the) city Ind. outside 164 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Niggao 2. Bhaya karanamadatthuna Puno Paccha Agao Samano Narindo Cintei Assa Saruvam Mae Paccakkham Dittham (Samana) 1/1 Adj. (Narinda) 1/1 (Cinta) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Ima) 6/1 Pro.Adj. Amangaliyassa (Amangaliya) 6/1 Adj. Tao Eso (Niggaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Evam [(Bhaya)+(Karanam) +(Adatthuna)] [(Bhaya) Prakrta Prose and Verse (Karana) 2/1] [(A)- (Datthunna)] (A) Ind. (Datthuna) Abs. Irre. Ind. Ind. (Agaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Saruva) 1/1 (Amha) 3/1 Pro. (Paccakkha) 1/1 (Dittha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. went any danger because of Ind. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. Hantavvo (Hantavva) OPP. 1/1 Irre. should be killed not having seen again back (He) came (The) egoistic king thought of this inauspicious (man) (the) nature by me directly witnessed (has now been) SO he in this way 165

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Cintiuna Amangaliyam Bollaviuna (Cinta) Abs. Having thought (Amangaliya) 2/1 (the) inauspicious (man) (Bolla) Cau. Abs. (and) having been called [(Vaha)+(Attham)] (Vahattham) Adv. for killing (Candala) 4/1 to an outcaste (Appa) PT. 3/1 Tr. the king handed over Vahattham Candalassa Appei when Eso Saha Jaya Ind. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. he Ruyanto (Rua) PP. 1/1 Weeping Sakammam [(Sa)-(Kamma) 2/1) his own action Nindanto (Ninda) PP. 1/1 (and) criticizing Candalena (Candala) 3/1 (the) outcaste Ind. with Gacchanto (Gaccha) PP. 1/1 going Atthi (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. is was Taya Ind. then Ego (Ega) 1/1 Adj. Karunio (Karunia) 1/1 Adj. kind Buddhi[(Buddhi) (and) nihano (Nihana) 1/1] an intelligent (person) Vahaim (Vaha + Vaha - Vahai) 4/1 to kill Neijjantam (Nea Neijja -Neijjanta) being carried Pass. PP. 2/1 Anam (Ana) 2/1 Adv. by order Tam (Ta) 2/1 Pro. him one 166 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Datthunam Karanam Nacca Tassa Rakkhanaya Kanne Kimpi Kahiuna Uvayam Damsei (Datthuna) Abs. Irre. having seen (Karana) 2/1 (its) reason (Nacca ) Abs. Irre. having understood (Ta) 6/1 Pro. his (Rakkhana) 4/1 for protection (Kanna) 7/1 in the ear Ind. (and) something (Kaha) Abs. having spoken (Uvaya) 2/1 method (Dassa) PT. 3/1 Tr. showed (him) --------...-- Harisanto (Harisa) PP. 1/1 Rejoicing (he went on) Jaya Ind. when Vaha[(Vaha) of killing tthambhe (Tthambha) 7/1] on the pillar Thavio (Thava) PAP. 1/1 he was made to stand Taya Ind. then Candalo (Candala) 1/1 (the) outcaste Tam (Ta) 2/1 Pro. him Pucchai (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. asked Jivanam (Jivana) 2/1 (the protection) of life Vina Ind. except (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. (If) you Kavi (Ka) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (vi) Ind. any Iccha (Iccha) 1/1 desire Siya Ind. have Taya Ind. then (it) Maggiyavvam (Magga) OPP. 1/1 should be demanded Tava - - - - - - Prakrta Prose and Verse 167

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He said my So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Kahei (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. Majjha (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Narindamuha-[(Narinda)+(Muha)+ damsaneccha (Damsana)+(Iccha)] ((Narinda). (Muha). (Damsana) (Iccha) 1/1] Atthi (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Narinda-((Narinda)+(Samivam)+(Anio)] samivam [(Narinda)anio (Samiva) 1/1] Anio (Ani) PAP. 1/1 (of the) king (the) face (to) see desire is Taya Then he (the) king near was brought Narindo Tam Pucchai Kimettha (The) king him asked (Narinda) 1/1 (Ta) 2/1 Pro. (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. [(Kim)+(Etha) Kim (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Ettha (Ind.) [(Agamana)(Paoyana) 1/1] Agamanapaoyanam what here (of your) coming (is the) purpose 3. So Kahei He Narinda (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Narinda ) 8/1 He said Oh King! 168 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Paccuse Mama Muhassa Damsanena Bhoyanam Parantu Tumhanam Muha Na Ind. Labbhai (Labbhai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. pekkhanena Mama Vaho Bhavissai Taya Paura Kim Kahissanti Mama Muhao (Paccusa) 7/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Muha) 6/1 (Damsana) 3/1 (Bhoyana) 1/1 Phalyam Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. (Tumha) 6/2 [(Muha) (Pekkhana) 3/1] (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Vaha) 1/1 (Bhava) Fu. 3/1 Intr. Ind. (Paura) 1/2 (Kim) 1/1 Pro. (Kaha) Fu. 3/2 Tr. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Muha) 5/1 Kerisaphalayam[(Kerisa)-(Phalayam)] [(Kerisa) Adj. (Phala) 'Ya' Rim. 2/11 in the morning my face by seeing food (was) not my with (seeing) face when compared Sirimantanam (Sirimanta) 6/2 of an illustrious Person Muha damsanam[(Muha)-(Damsana) 1/1] the face Seeing obtaind (by you) but your face by seeing my killing (there) shall be Then (the) residents of (the city) What will express what (horrible) consequence 169

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Sanjaam (Sanjaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. has been produced (the) residents Nayara (Nayara) 1/2 of the city your Vi Pabhae Tumhanam Muham Kaham Pasihire Ind. even (Pabhaa) 7/1 in the morning (Tumha) 6/2 Pro. (Muha) 2/1 face Ind. (If this is the case) how (Pasa) Fu. 3/2 Tr. will look at --------- - - - - - - - Evam Ind. In this way Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro. his Vayanajuttie [(Vayana). (of) expression (Jutti) 3/1] by the argument Santuttho (Santuttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (was) satisfied Narindo (Narinda) 1/1 the king Vahaesam ((Vaha)+(Aesam)] [(Vaha) (for his) killing (Aesa) 2/1] (the) order Nisehiunam (Niseha) Abs. Having nullified Paritosiam (Paritosia) 2/1 awarded (him) Ca and Dacca (Dacca) Abs. Irre. having (the king rejoiced) Tam (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (By this) that Amangaliyam(Amangaliya) 1/1 Adj. inauspicious (man also) Santosia (Santosa) PAT. 3/1 Intr. was satisfied Ind. - - - - - - - - 170 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson - 7 Viusie Puttabahue Kahanagan Story of a Learned Daughter-in-law Viusie Puttabahue of a learned Daughter-in-law (Viusi) 6/1 Adj. [(Putta). (Bahu) 6/1) (Kahanaga) 1/1 Kahanagam Story 1. Kammi (Ka) 7/1 Pro. Nayare (Nayara) 7/1 Lacchidaso (Lacchidasa) 1/1 Setthi (Setthi) 1/1Adj. Varivattai [(Vari) (Ind.) Vattai(Vatta) PT. 3/1 Intr.) In a certain city Laxmidasa affluent well lived So Bahu - dhanasampattie Gavvittho Asi (Ta) 1/1 Pro. he [(Bahu) Adj. (Because of) much (Dhana) wealth (and) (Sampatti) 3/1) prosperity (Gavvittha) 1/1 Adj. (very much) haughty (Asa) PAT. 3/1 Intr. is was Bhoga Ind. vilasesu Eva Laggo Kayavi Na Dhammam [(Bhoga). to sensual (Vilasa) 7/2] pleasures also (Lagga) PAP. 1/1 Irre. He was attached Ind. (and) never (Dhamma) 2/1 religious (activities) Praksta Prose and Verse 171

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Kunei Tassa Putto Vi Eyariso Atthi Jovvane (Jovvana) 7/1 (Piu) 3/1 Piuna Dhammiassa (Dhammia) 6/1 Adj. Dhammadasassa (Dhammadasa) 6/1 Jahattha- (Jahatthanama) 3/1 namae Silavaie Kannae Saha Puttassa Karaviyam (Kuna) PT. 3/1 Tr. Sa Kanna Jaya Attha vasa Jaya Taya Tie Piu (Ta) 6/1 Pro. (Putta) 1/1 Ind. (Eyarisa) 1/1 Adj. (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Silavai) 3/1 (Kanna) 3/1 Ind. Paniggahanam (Paniggahana) 1/1 (Putta) 6/1 (Kara) Cau. PAP.1/1 172 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Kanna) 1/1 Ind. [(Attha) - (Vasa) 1/1] (Ja) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Ti) 3/1 Pro. [(Piu) performed (having the quality) expressed by his name the virtuous daughter with His son also like him was (In) youth by the father (of)religious Dharmadasa to marry (the) son was caused (so) she the daughter When eight years (old) was then by her (of her) father Prakrta Prose and Verse

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peranae (Perana) 3/1] and (with the) inspiration Sahuni [(Sahuni)- (of) (a) woman saint sagasao (Sagasa) 5/1] by her (in) the direction Savvanna- [(Savvanna). (of the) omniscient dhamma- (Dhamma)- (to) (the) religion (on) account savanena (Savana) 3/1] (of) listening Sammatta (Sammatta) 1/1 right faith Anuvvayaim (Anuvvaya) 1/2 Anuvratas (Partial vows) Ya Ind. and Gahiyaim (Gahiya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. (were) adopted Savvanna- [(Savvanna). (of the) omniscient dhamme (Dhamma) 7/1] (in the) religion Aiva Ind. very Niuna Fem. (Niuna - Niuna ) 1/1 expert Fem. Sanjaa (Sanjaa - Sanjaa) 1/1 became ------ Sa 2. Jaya Ind. When (Ta) 1/1 Pro. she Sasura [(Sasura). (of) (the) father-in-law gehe (Geha) 7/1] to the house Fem. Agaya (Agaya - Agaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. came Taya then Ind. Praksta Prose and Verse 173

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Sasuraim [(Sasura)+(Aim)] (the) [(Sasur)-(Ai) 2/1] father-in-law etc. Dhammao (Dhamma) 5/1 (to) religion Vimuham (Vimuha) 2/1 Adj. opposed Dasthuna (Datthuna) Abs. Irre. having seen (Ti) 3/1 Pro. by her Bahuduham[(Bahu) Adj. (Duha) 1/1] much sorrow Sanjayam (Sanjaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was felt Tie ----------- How my Kaham Ind. Mama (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Niyavayassa ((Niya)-(Vaya) 6/1] Nivvaho (Nivvaha) 1/1 Hojja (Ho) Fu. 3/1 Intr. own vows observation will take place how Or Kaham Va Devaguru- vimuhanam Sasurainan to Deva-Guru opposed (for the) father-in-law etc. Dhamm- ovaeso Ind. Ind. [(Deva)-(Guru). (Vimuha) 4/2 Adj.] [(Sasura)+(Ai)] [(Sasur)-(Ai) 4/2] [(Dhamma)+(Uvaeso)] [(Dhamma). (Uvaesa) 1/1) (Bhava) Fu. 3/1 Intr. Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Viyara) PT. 3/1 Intr. Bhavejja Evam Sa Viyarei (of) religion (there) teaching will be In this way she ponders 174 Praksta Prose and Verse

Page #194
3. Egaya Samsaro Asaro Ind. (Samsara) 1/1 (Asara) 1/1 Singularly (The) world (is) insubstantial Lacchi Vi (Lacchi) 1/1 Ind. (the) wealth also Fe. Vi Ego Asara (Asara - Asara ) 1/1 (is) insubstantial Deho (Deha) 1/1 (the) body Ind. also Vinassaro (Vinassara) 1/1 (is) perishable (Ega) 1/1 Adj. only Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 religion Cciya Ind. for certain Paraloga- [(Paraloga)- (to) (the other) world pavannanam (Pavanna) 4/2 Adj.) resorting Jivanam- [(Jivanam)+(Aharu) aharu Jivanam (Jiva) 4/2 for souls Aharu (Ahara) 1/1 is (the) support Tti In this way Uvaesa[(Uvaesa) of instruction danena (Dana) 3/1] lowing to the) impartment Niya((Niya) her own bhatta (Bhattu) 1/1] husband Savvanna- [(Savvanna). (of) (the) omniscient dhammena (Dhamma) 3/1] (to) (the) religion Vasio (Vasa) PAP. 1/1 transformed Kao (Kaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. was Praksta Prose and Verse 175

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Ind. Evam Sasumavi in this way [(Sasum)+(Avi)] Sasum (Sasu) 2/1 (her) mother-in-law Avi (Ind.) also [(Kala)+(Antare)] [(Kala). some time (Antara) 7/1) After (Boha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (she) instructs Kalantare Bohei (Boha) --- Sasuram Padibohium Sa Samayam Maggei (Sasura) 2/1 (Padiboha) Inf. (Ta) 1/1 (Samaya) 2/1 (Magga) PT. 3/1 Tr. (the) father-in-law for instructing (Now ) she time searches ------ -------- 4. Egaya Ind. Once Tie (Ti) 6/1 Pro. her Ghare (Ghara) 7/1 in house Samanaguna- [(Samana)+(Guna)ganalankio (Gana)+(Alankio)] [(Samana). Sramanika (Guna) of characteristics (Gana) clusters (Alankia) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] adorned (with) Mahavvai (Mahavvai) 1/1 Adj. (of) great vows (and observer) Nani (Nani) 1/1 Adj. (who was) wise Jovvanattho [(Jovvana) - (in) youth (Ttha) 1/1 Adj.] (was) fixed 176 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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one saint Ego (Ega) 1/1 Adj. Sahu (Sahu) 1/1 Bhikkhattham[(Bhikkha)+(Attham) [(Bhikkha) (Attha) Adv.] Samagao (Samagaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. begging food for came ------ just Vows Jovvane (Jovvana) 7/1 in youth Vi Ind. Gahiya- [(Gahiya) PAP. Irre. who has adopted vayam (Vaya) 2/1) Santam (Santa) 2/1 Adj. (the) peaceful Dantam (Danta) 2/1Adj. (and) dispassionate Sahum (Sahu) 2/1 * saint Gharammi (Ghara) 7/1 in the house Agayam (Agaya) PAP. 2/1 Irre. arrived Datthuna (Datthuna) Abs. Irre. Having seen Ahare (Ahara) 7/1 food Vijjamane (Vijja) PP. 7/1 (at the time of his) presenting Vi Ind. (Ti) 3/1 Pro. by her Viyariyam (Viyara) PAP. 1/1 (it) was thought Jovvane (Jovvana) 7/1 in youth Mahavvayam (Mahavvaya) 1/1 of great vows (that) observance ) Mahadullaham(Mahadullaha) 1/1 (is) very difficult Kaham Ind. Eena (Eta) 3/1 Pro. by him Eyammi (Eta) 7/1 Pro. Adj. this even Tie how 177 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Jovvanattane[(Jovvana)-(Ttana)7/1] In youthfulness (the great vows) Gahiyam (Gahiya) PAP. Irre. have been observed --------------------------------- Ti Ind. in this way Parikkhattham ((Parikkha)+(Attham)] (Parikkhattham) Adv. for testing Samassae (Samassa) 6/1 (to the) problem (The answer) Puttham (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (was) enquired Ahuna Ind. (the problem is) at present Samao (Samaa) 1/1 time Na Sanjao (Sanjaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. there has come up Kim Ind. Puvvam Ind. (of the world) before (time) Niggaya (Nigga) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (have you) come out Ind. no why (in) her mind aroused (the) thought Having known by the saint Tie Hiyayagayabhavar Nauna Sahuna Uttar Samayananam Kaya Maccu Hossai (Ti) 6/1 Pro. [(Hiyaya) (Gaya)(Bhava) 2/1] (Na) Abs. (Sahu) 3/1 (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. [(Samaya). (Nana) 1/1) : Ind. (Maccu) 1/1 (Ho) Fu. 3/1 Intr. said time Knowledge (is) when death (there) will be 178 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Tti Natthi Nanan Tena Ind. Ind. this Ind. nobody (Nana) 1/1 knows Therefore (Samaya) 2/1 time Ind. without (Nigga) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (1) (have) come out (of the world) Samayam Vina Niggao -------- Sa Uttaram Nauna Tuttha (Ta) 1/1 Pro. she (Uttara) 2/1 the reply (Na) Abs. Having understood (Tuttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was satisfied Munina Vi Sa Puttha (Muni) 3/1 Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. by the saint also She was asked How many years Kai Varisa Tumha Sanjaya (Kai) 1/2 Adj. (Varisa) 1/2 (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. (Sanjaya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. you have passed away - - - - - - - - - - - - - Munissa Pucchabhavam Nauna Visavasesu (Muni) 6/1 (of) (the) saint's [(Puccha) question (Bhava) 2/1] (the) meaning (Na) Abs. Having understood [(Visa)-(Vasa) 7/2] twenty years Praksta Prose and Verse 179 www.jathelibrary.org

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Jaesu Vi Tie Barasavasa Tti Uttam Punaravi Te Samissa Kai Vasa Jata Tti Puttham Tie Piyassa Panavisa vasesu Jaesu Vi Pancavasa Utta Evam Sasue Chammasa Kahiya 180 (Jaa) PAP. 7/2 Irre. Ind. (Ti) 3/1 Pro. [(Barasa)-(Vasa) 1/1] Ind. (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. (Sami) 6/1Pro. (Kai) 1/2 Adj. (Vasa) 1/2 (Jata) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Ti) 3/1 Pro. (Piya) 6/1 [(Panavisa) Ind. [(Panca)-(Vasa) 1/2] (Utta) PAP. 1/2 Irre. Ind. on having passed away even by her twelve years It was told Again your husband how many years has passed This was asked (Vasa) 7/2] years (Jaa) PAP. 7/2 Irre. (of birth) on having passed away even by her by the dearest twenty five Five years (It) was told In this way (Sasu) 4/1 for (the) mother-in-law (Chammasa) 1/2 six month (Kaha) PAP. 1/2 were told Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Sasurassa (Sasura) 4/1 (the) father-in-law Pucchae (Puccha) 7/1 (On) asking (about) So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. He Ahuna Ind. yet Na Ind. not Uppanno (Uppanna) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Atthi (Asa) PT.3/1 Intr. Ind. Bhania (Bhana) PAP. 1/2 was told (by her) born is Ti - - - - - - - - - - 5. Evam * Ind. In this way Vahu - Sahunam ((Vahu)- (the) daughter-in-law (Sahu) 6/1](between) (the) saint and Vatta (Vatta) 1/1 (the) conversation Anta((Anta) inside tthiena (Tthia) PAP. 3/1 Irre.) situated Sasurena (Sasura) 3/1 by the father-in-law (Sua) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was heard Sua - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Laddha- bhikkhe Sahummi Gae getting food (When) the saint went away (after) SO he ((Laddha) PAP. Irre. (Bhikkha) 7/1] (Sahu) 7/1 (Gaa) PAP. 7/1 Irre. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. [(Koha). (Aula) 1/1) (Sanjaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. Aiva very much (due) (to) anger disturbed Kohaulo Sanjao Jao got because Praksta Prose and Verse 181

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Puttavahu Mam [(Putta)-(Vahu) 1/1) (Amha) 2/1 Pro. (Uddissa ) Abs. Irre. Uddissa Na Jao Ind. son's wife (to) me having alluded not (I am) (yet) born in this way Iti (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. Kahei says - - - - - sulked (and) Ruttho So Puttassa He (this to) (his) son Kahan (Ruttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Putta) 4/1 ((Kahana)+(Attham)] [(Kahana)(Attha) Adv.] (Hatta) 2/1 (Gaccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. attham telling for Hattas Gacchai (to the) shop went - - - - - - - - - - - - - Gacchantam Sasuram Sa Vaei Bhottunam He Sasura Tum Gacchasu (Gaccha) PP. 2/1 While going (to the shop) (Sasura) 2/1 (the) father-in-law (Ta) 1/1 Pro. she (Vaya) PT. 3/1 Tr. tells (Bhottunam) Abs. Irre. having taken meals (Sasura) 8/1 Oh father-in-law ! (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. you (Gaccha) Imp. 2/1 Tr. go - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Sasuro Kahei Jai (Sasura) 1/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. Ind. (The) father-in-law says If 182 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Ham Na Jao Mhi Taya Kaham Bhoyanam Cavvemi Bhakkhemi la Kahiuna Hatte Gao Puttassa Savvam Vuttantam Kahei Tava Patti Durayara Asabbha vayana Atthi Ao Tam Gihao Nikkasaya Prakrta Prose and Verse (Amha) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. Ind. (Bhoyana) 2/1 (Cavva) PT. 1/1 Tr. (Bhakkha) PT. 1/1 Tr. Ind. (Kaha) Abs. (Hatta) 7/1 (Gaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Putta) 4/1 (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. (Vuttanta) 2/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. (Patti) 1/1 (Durayara) 1/1 Adj. [(Asabbha) - (Vayana) 1/1 Adj.] (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ind. (Ta) 2/1 Pro. (Giha) 5/1 (Nikkasa) Irre. Cau. Imp. 2/1 Tr. 1 not born am then how food (I) (will) chew and eat in this way Having said (to the) shop (he) went (to the) son the total conversation (He) conveys your wife wicked (and a) rude talker is SO her (of) (the) house (you) turn out 183

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6. So Piuna Saha (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Piu) 3/1 Ind. (Geha) 7/1 (Agaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. He (his) father with (to the) house Gehe Agao came Ind. Vahum Pucchai Kim Maupiuno Avamanam Kayam (Vahu) 2/1 (his) wife (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (He) asks why [(Mau)-(Piu) 6/1 (of) the parents (Avamana) 1/1 insult (Kaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was done (by you) - - - - --------- Sahuna Saha Vattae Kim Asaccam- uttaram (Sahu) 3/1 Ind. (Vatta) 7/1 Ind. [(Asaccam) +(Uttaram)] Asaccam(Asacca) 1/1 Uttara (Uttara) 1/1 (Dinna) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (the) saint with In conversation why improper replies (were) given Dinnam Tie Uttam Tumhe Munim Pucchaha So Savvam Kahihii (Ti) 3/1 Pro. (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Tumha) 1/2 Pro. (Muni) 2/1 (Puccha) Imp. 2/2 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. (Kaha) Fu. 3/1 Tr. by her (It) was told you (yourself) (the) saint ask he (you) everything (wil) 1 tell ------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 184 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Sasuro (Sasura) 1/1 (the) father-in-law Uvassae (Uvassaya) 7/1. to the residing place of saint's Gantuna (Gantuna) Abs. Irre. Having gone Savamanam (Sa) +(Avamana) (Sa) -(Avamana) 1/1 Adj. with disrespect Munim (Muni) 2/1 (the) saint Pucchai (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. asks He Mune (Muni) 8/1 Oh Saint! Ajja today Mama (Amha) 6/1 Pro. my Gehe (Geha) 7/1 (to) house Bhikkhattham [(Bhikkha)+(Attham)] (Bhikkhattham) Adv. for begging food Tumhe (Tumha) 1/2 Pro. you Kim Ind. why Agaya (Agaya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. (did) come Ind. - - - - ------ (Muni) 1/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Tumha) 6/2 Pro. (Ghara) 2/1 Muni Kahei Tumhana Gharam Na Janami Tumam Kuttha Vasasi (The) saint said your house do not (1) know Ind. (Jana) PT. 1/1 Tr. (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Vasa) PT. 2/1 Intr. you where (do) live ------ Setthi (Setthi) 1/1 (The) affluent man Praksta Prose and Verse 185

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Viyarei Muni Asaccam Kahei (Viyara) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Muni) 1/1 (Asacca) 2/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. thinks (the) saint (the) untruth speaks ----------------- Again (he) was asked some Punaravi Puttham Katthavi Gehe Balae Saha Vatta Kaya Ind. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Geha) 7/1 (Bala) 3/1 Ind. (Vatta) 1/1 (Kaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (in) house (a) young lady with conversation (did) you enter (into) did Kim Ind. Muni Kahei Sa Bala Aiva Kusala Tie Mama Vi Parikkha Kaya (Muni) 1/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Bala) 1/1 Ind. (Kusala) 1/1Adj. Fem. (Ti)3/1 Pro. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (The) saint said That young lady very (is) wise by her Ind. also tasted (Parikkha) 1/1 (Kaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was by her Tie Har (Ti)3/1 Pro. (Amha)1/1 Pro. 186 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Vutto Samayam Vina Kaham Niggao (Vutta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Samaya) 2/1 Ind. Ind. (Nigga) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (was) asked (proper) time without How have you come out (of the world) (Asa) PT. 2/1 Intr. Mae (Amha) 3/1 Pro. Uttaram (Uttara) 1/1 Dinnam (Dinna) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Samayassa (Samaya) 6/1 Marana [(Marana)samayassa (Samaya) 6/1) Nanai (Nana) 1/1 Natthi ((Na)+(Atthi)] Na (Ind.) not Atthi (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Tena Ind. Puvva [(Puvva). vayammi (Vaya) 7/1) (Nigga) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Mhi (Asa) PT. 1/1 Intr. by me The reply was given of time (of) death time knowledge there no is before (proper) age I have come out (of the world) Vi by me also Mae (Amha) 3/1 Pro. Ind. Parikkhattham (Parikkha)+(Attham)] (Parikkhattham) Adv. Savvesim (Savva) 6/2 Pro. Adj. for testing (of) all Praksta Prose and Verse 187

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Sasurainam [(Sasura)+(Ai)] [(Sasura). (the) father-in-law (Ai) 6/2] etc. (Vasa) 1/2 (the) age (Puttha) PAP. 1/2 Irre. was asked Vasaim Putthaim ------- --------- by her Tie Sammam Kahiyaim (Ti) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Kaha) PAP. 1/2 Proper replies were given ------ ------------ Sethi Pucchai Sasuro Na Jao (Setthi) 1/1 (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Sasura) 1/1 Ind. (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Ti) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 (The) affluent man asked (The) father-in-law was not born this by her why was told Tie Kim Kahiyam ------- Ind. Munina (Muni) 3/1 by the saint Uttam (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (It was) told Sa (Ta) 1/1 Pro. She Ciya too Pucchijjau (Puccha) Imp. Pass. 3/1 Tr. (should be) asked Jao Ind. because Viusie (Viusi) 3/1 Adj.. learned lady (Ti) 3/1 Pro. Adj. by that Jahattho (Jahattha) 1/1 Adj (the) real Bhavo (Bhava) 1/1 meaning Tie 188 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Najjai (Najjai) PT. Pass. 3/1 Tr. Irre. (is) known 7. Sasuro Geham Gacca Puttavahum Pucchai Tie Munissa Purao Kimevam (Sasura) 1/1 (the) father-in-law (Geha) 2/1 (to the) house (Gacca) Abs. Irre. Having gone [(Putta)- (the) daughter-in-law (Vahu) 2/1] (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. asks (Ti) 3/1 Pro. by her (Muni) 6/1 of the saint Ind. (In the) presence [(Kim)+(Evam)] Kim (Ind.) why did Evam (Ind.) (you) this (Vutta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Sasura) 1/1 father-in-law (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. born yet Ind. (is) not say Vuttam Me Sasuro My Jao Vi Ind. Na by her It was told Oh father-in-law! of an ous Tie (Ti) 3/1 Pro. Uttam (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. He Sasura (Sasura) 8/1 Dhammahina- [(Dhammahina). manusassa (Manusa) 6/1] Manava [(Manava). bhavo (Bhava) 1/1] Patto (Patta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. man (the) human birth having attained Praksta Prose and Verse 189

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Vi Ind. (is) just like Apatto (Apatta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (not) having attained (it) Eva Ind. certainly Jao Ind. because Saddhamma- [(Saddhamma). (of a) true religion kiccehim (Kicca) 3/2] (by the) observance Sahalo (Sahala) 1/1 Adj. fruitful Bhavo (Bhava) 1/1 (the) human birth Na Ind. not Kao (Kaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. has been made (Ta) 1/1 Pro. So Manusa[(Manusa) human bhavo (Bhava) 1/1) birth Nipphalo (Nipphala) 1/1 Adj. (is) unfruitful Ciya Ind. such So Tao Ind. By reason Tumha (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. your Jivanam (Jivana) 1/1 life Pi Ind. (of) that Dhammahinam(Dhammahina) 1/1 devoid of religion Savvam (Savva) 1/1 Pro. Adj. whole Gayam (Gaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. has passed away ----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tena Ind. So Mae Kahiam Mama (Amha) 3/1 Pro. (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Sasura) 6/1 by me it was told My father-in-law Sasurassa 190 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Uppatti (Uppatti) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Eva Ind. Na Ind. Evam Sacca tthane Tuttho (Tthana) 7/11 (Tuttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Dhamma- [(Dhamma)+(Abhimuha)] bhimuho [(Dhamma) Jao Punaravi Puttham Tumae Sasue Tie Uttam Sasum Pucchaha Setthina Sa Puttha Ind. [(Sacca) Prakrta Prose and Verse Chammasa (Chammasa) 1/1 Kaham Kahia (Abhimuha) 1/1] (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. (Sasu) 6/1 Ind. (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 (Ti) 3/1 Pro. (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Sasu) 2/1 (Puccha) Imp. 2/2 Tr. (Setthi) 3/1 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (is) born yet not In this way proper reason (by) means (of) (he got) satisfied religion towards (proper) (and) turned Again it was asked (by) her It was replied (the) mother-in-law by you (the) (age of) mother-in-law six month How was told Ask by the affluent man She was asked 191

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192 Tae Vi Kahiam Putta vahunam Vayanam Saccam Jao Mama Savvannu dhamma -pattie Chammasa Eva Jaya Jao lo Chammasao Puvvam Kattha Vi Marana pasange Aham Gaya Tattha Thinam (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 [(Putta) (Vahu) 6/1] (Vayana) 1/1 (Sacca) 1/1 Ind. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. [( Savvannu) (Dhamma) - (Patti) 7/1] (Chammasa) 1/1 (by) her also It was told (the) daughter-in- law Ind. (Jaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. Ind. (Chammasa) 5/1 Ind. Ind. [(Marana) (Pasanga) 7/11 (Amha) 1/1 Pro. (Gaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. (Thi) 6/2 (The) words (of) (are) true because my (of the) omniscient (the) religion in accepting six months only have passed the reason is in this world six months before (to) some place of (some) death on (the) occasion (when) I went at that place there of that women (the daughter-in-law) Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Vivihagunadosavatta Jaya [(Viviha)- regarding different (Guna). virtues (Dosa). (and) vices (Vatta) 1/1) discussion (Jaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. occurred ------------ 8. Egae Vuddhae Uttam Narina Majjhe Imie Puttavahu Settha (Ega) 3/1 Adj. (Vuddha) 3/1 (Utta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Nari) 6/2 (Majjha) 7/1 (Ima) 6/1 Pro. [(Putta)-(Vahu) 1/1] (Settha) 1/1 Adj. Fem. (by) one old women It was said women Among her daughter-in-law (is the) best - - - - - - - - - - - - ------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Jovvanavae [(Jovvana)-(Vaa) 7/1 Vi Sasubhatti para Dhammakajjammi Ind. [(Sasu). (Bhatti). (Para) 1/1 Adv.) [(Dhamma)(Kajja) 7/1] (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Apamatta) 1/1 Adi. [(Giha)(Kajja) 7/2] (At the age of) youthfulness also her mother-in-law out of devotion is turned towards in religious performances she and (is) careful in household affairs sa Eva Apamatta Gihakajjesu Vi Ind. also Kusala (Kusala) 1/1 Adj. (is) expert Prakrta Prose and Verse 193

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Nanna Nobody [(Na)+(Anna)] (Na) Ind. Anna (Anna) 1/1 (Erisa) 1/1 Adj. Erisa else (is like her) ---------------- ----- ----------- Vi Imie (lma) 6/1 Pro. Her Sasu (Sasu) 1/1 mother-in-law Nibbhaga (Nibbhaga) 1/1 Adj. (is) unfortunate Erisie (Erisi) 3/1 Adj. Fem. by such Bhatti[(Bhatti) a devoted vacchalae (Vacchala) 3/1 Adj.) Puttavahue (Puttavahu) 3/1 daughter-in-law Ind. inspite of Dhamma- [(Dhamma)- (in doing) religious kajje (Kajja) 7/1) performances Perijjamanavi ((Pera)+(Ijja)+(Mana)+(Avi)] [(Pera)-(lija)-(Mana) Pass. PP.) being inspired Avi (Ind.) also Dhammam (Dhamma) 2/1 religious (observances) Na Ind. (does) not Kunei (Kuna) PT. 3/1 Tr. (she) (mother-in law) perform Imai (lma) 2/1 Pro. Souna (Souna) Abs. Irre. Having heard Bahu [(Bahu). of the daughter-in-law guna (Guna) with the virtues ranjia (Ranja) PAP.1/1 Irre.) (1) (became) happy (Ti) 6/1 Pro. (through) her Muhao (Muha) 5/1 mouth this Tie 194 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Dhammo Patto Dhammapattie Chammasa Jaya (Dhamma) 1/1 (So) religion (Patta) PAP.1/1 Irre. was adopted (by me) ---- [(Dhamma) (of) religion (Patti) 7/1) in the adoption (Chammasa) 1/1 (Only) six months (Jaya) PAP.1/1 lrre. have passed Ind. (Puttavahu) 3/1 by the daughter-in-law (Chammasa) 1/1 six months (Kaha) PAP.1/1 were told (Ta) 1/1 Pro. that (Jutta) 1/1 Adj. (is) proper Tao so Puttavahue Chammasa Kahia Tam Juttam Vi 9. Putto (Putta)1/1 (the) son Ind. too Puttho (Puttha) PAP.1/1 Irre. was asked Tena (Ta) 3/1 Pro. by him Ind. Uttam (Utta) PAP.1/1 Irre. was told Rattie (Ratti) 7/1 (at) night Samaya. [(Samaya)- (Dhamma)+ dhamm- (Uvaesa)-(Parae)] ovaesaparae [(Samaya). (in) doctrines and (Dhamma) religious (Uvaesa) instruction (Para) 3/1 Adj.) (who)(was) immersed Bhajjae (Bhajja) 3/1 (Through the) wife Samsar - [(Samsara). (in the) world Prakrta Prose and Verse 195

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Ca distress asara(Asara). insubstantiality damsanena (Damsana) 3/1] (through) observing Bhoga [(Bhoga)vilasanam (Vilasa) 6/2] of sensuality Ind. and Parinama- [(Parinama). as the result duha (Duha)daittanena (Daittana) 3/1) through arising Vasa - [(Vasa). of (the) rainy nai(Nai). river pura (Pura) the flowingness tulla(Tulla). like through the state (of ) juvvanattanena (Juvvanattana) 3/1) youthfulness (which is) and Dehassa (Deha) 6/1 (of the) body Khana - [(Khana). (through) the bhangurattanena(Bhangurattana) 3/1] trasientness Jayammi (Jaya) 7/1 in the world Dhammo (Dhamma) 1/1 religion certainly Saru (Sara) 1/1 (is) substantial Tti in this way Uvadittho (Uvadittha) PAP.1/1 Irre. (who) was instructed Ham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. Savvannu- [(Savvannu)- the worshipper dhamm(Dhamma) of the religion arahago (Arahaga) 1/1] of the omniscient Jao (Jaa) PAP.1/1 Irre. became Ya Ind. Eva Ind. Ind. Prakyta Prose and Verse 196

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Today Ajja Pancavasa Jaya Ind. [(Panca)-(Vasa) 1/2] (Jaya) PAP.1/1 Irre. five years have elapsed Tao Vahue Mai Uddissa Pancavasa Kahia Tam Saccam Ind. O So (Vahu) 3/1 by the daughter-in-law (Amha) 2/1 Pro. to me (Uddissa) Abs. Irre. having alluded [(Panca)-(Vasa) 1/2) five years (Kaha) PAP. 1/2 was told (Ta) 1/1 Pro. That (Sacca) 1/1 is true Ind. Evam Kudumbassa Dhamma (Kudumba) 4/1 [(Dhamma)(Patti) 6/1) (Vatta) 3/1 pattie In this way for the family relating to the adoption of religion by virtue of the conversation by the learned Vatte Viusie Ya (Viusi) 6/1 Ind. (Puttavahu) 6/1 and Puttavahue Jahattha [(Jahattha)vayanam (Vayana) 2/1] Souna (Souna) Abs. Irre. Lacchidaso (Lacchidasa) 1/1 Vi Ind. Padibuddho (Padibuddha) 1/1 Adj. Vuddhattane (Vuddhattana) 7/1 (by the) daughter-in-law the real words having heard Laxmidasa also was educated in old age Prakrta Prose and Verse 197

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Vi Dhammam Arahia Saggaim Patto Saparivaro 198 Ind. and (Dhamma) 1/1 (the) religion (Araha) PAP.1/1 was observed (by him) (Saggai) 1/1 (Patta) PAP.1/1 Irre. (Saparivara) 1/1 (the) right path got (He) along with his family Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Lesson * 8 Gehe Suro Brave at home Gehe Suro (Geha) 7/1 (Sura) 1/1 at Home Brave In a village 1. Egammi (Ega) 7/1Adj. Game (Gama) 7/1 (Ega) 1/1 Suvannayaro (Suvannayara) 1/1 Vasai (Vasa) PT. 3/1 Intr. Ego goldsmith (there) lived Tassa his Rayapahassa Majjhabhae Hattiga Vijjai (Ta) 6/1Pro. (Rayapaha) 6/1 [(Majjha) Adj. (bhaa) 7/1) (Hattiga) 1/1 (Vijja) PT. 3/1 Intr. (of) (the) main road In the middle part shop (there) existed Ind. Saya Majjharattie So Suvannabhariyam Manjusam Gahiunam [(Majjha)- Adj. (Ratti) 7/1] (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Suvanna)(Bhara) Adv. 2/1] (Manjusa) 2/1 (Gaha) Abs. always (in the) mid night he (of) gold full a case Having taken Praksta Prose and Verse 199

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Niya gharammi Agacchai Egaya Tassa Bhajjae Cintiam Eso Mama Bhatta Savvaya Manjusam Gahiunam Majjha rattie Gehe Agacchai Tam Na Varam Jao Kayavi Magge Cora Milejja Taya Kim 200 [(Niya) Adj.(Ghara)7/1] (Agaccha) PT. 3/1Tr. Ind. (Ta) 6/1Pro. (Bhajja) 3/1 (Cinta) PAP. 1/1 Adj. (Eta) 1/1 Pro. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Bhattu) 1/1 Ind. (Manjusa) 2/1 (Gaha) Abs. [(Majjha) Adj. (Ratti) 7/1] (Geha) 7/1 (Agaccha) PT. 3/1Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Vara) 1/1 Adj. Ind. Ind. (Magga) 7/1 (Cora) 1/2 (Mila) PT.3/2 Tr. Ind. Ind. (his) own house comes (to) Once his (by) wife it was thought this my husband always (the) case Having taken in the mid night (to the) house comes This is not proper because if in the way thieves meet (him) then what Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Hojja (Ho) Fu.3/2 Intr. (will) happen ---------- Tao Ind. Tie (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Niya * [(Niva) Adi. bhattaro (Bhattara) 1/1) Vutto (Vutta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. He Pia (Pia) 8/1 Majjharattie [(Majjha)Adj.-(Ratti) 7/1] Then (by) her her own husband was told Oh beloved! in the midnight Your to the house coming is not befitting in this way Tujjha Gihe Agamanan Na Sohanam (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. (Giha) 7/1 (Agamana) 1/1 Ind. (Sohana) 1/1 Adj. Ind. Ti -------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - in the middle part if Majjhabhae Kayavi Ko Vi Milejja Taya Kim [(Majjha) Adj.(Bhaa) 7/1] Ind. Ind. (Mila) PT.3/1 Tr. Ind. Ind. (Ho) Fu.3/1 Intr. anybody (you) meets then What (will) happen Hojja He So Kahei said (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. (Amha) 6/1 Pro. You Tum Mama my Praksta Prose and Verse 201

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(Bala) 2/1 Ind. (Jana) PT. 2/1 Tr. Balam Na Janasi Tena Evas Bollesi strength do not know so this (you) utter Ind. Ind. (Bolla) PT. 2/1 Tr. Purao me before of persons (If) hundreds Mama (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ind. Nara [(Nara)sayam (Saya) 1/1Adj.] Ind. Agacchejja (Agaccha) PT.3/2 Tr. Te (Ta) 1/2 Pro. Kim (Kim) 2/1 Pro. Adj. Kunejja (Kuna) Fu.3/2 Tr. Pi even come they what (will) do ------------------------- --------- Mamaggao Te Kimavi Kauri Na Samattha [(Mama)+(Aggao)] Mama (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Aggao (Ind.) (Ta) 1/2 Pro. Ind. (Kaum) Inf. Irre. Ind. (Samattha) 1/2 Adj. me before They anything (of) doing are not capable Tumae (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. Bhayam (Bhaya) 1/1 Na Ind. Kayavvam (Kayavva) OPP. 1/1 Irre. by you Fear not (should be) felt 202 Prakta Prose and Verse

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Evam Suniuna Tie Cintiam Gehe Suro Mama Pio Atthi Samae Tassa Parikkham Kahimi 2. Egaya Sa Niya ghara samiva vasinie Khattiyanie Ghare Gantuna Kahei Ind. (Suna) Abs. (Ta) 3/1 Pro. (Cinta) PAP. 1/1 Prakrta Prose and Verse (Geha) 7/1 (Sura) 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Pia) 1/1 (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. (Samaya) 7/1 (Ta) 6/1 Pro. (Parikkha) 2/1 (Kahimi) Fu. 1/1 Tr. Irre. Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Niya) (Ghara) (Samiva) - (Ghara) 7/1 (Gantuna) Abs.Irre. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. He Piyasahi [(Piya) Adj. (Sahi) 8/1] (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. Tum Tava (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. in this way Having heard by her it was thought at home brave My husband (on some) occasion her test (I) shall do is house near (by) (who was) the resident of (Vasini) 6/1 Adj.] (Khattiyani)6/1 (of) (a women of the) Ksatriya (Caste group) (to the) house having gone says Oh dear friend! You your Once she her 203

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of husband all Bhattuno (Bhattu) 6/1 Savvam (Savva) 2/1 Pro.Adj. Vatthabhusam[(Vattha)-(Bhusa) 2/1] Majjha (Amha) 4/1 Pro. Appehi (Appa) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (the) attire me give Mama Kimpi Paoyana Atthi (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Ind. (Paoyana) 1/1 (Asa) PT. 3/1 Intr. (of) mine some purpose (There) is --------------------------------- ------- ------------- Tie (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Adj. (by) the woman Khattiyanie (Khattiyani) 3/1 of the Ksatriya (Caste) Appano (Appano) Ind. (of) her own Piassa (Pia) 6/1 husband's Asisahia [(Asi)-(Sahia) 1/1] (along) with (the) sword, Siravedhana[(Sira)-(Vedhana)1/1] covering of the head, Kadipattai ((Kadi)-[(Patta)-(Ai) 1/2) belt etc. Suhada[(Suhada). (the) warrior vesam (Vesa) 1/1) (The) attire (of) Savvam (Savva) 1/1 Pro. everything Samappiam (Samappa) PAP. 1/1 (was) given (to me) Sa Gahiuna Gehe Gaya (Ta) 1/1 Pro. She (Gaha) Abs. having taken them (Geha) 7/1 home (Gaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. went ------ ------- 204 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Ind. 3. Jaya When Rattie (Ratti) 7/1 (at) night Ego (Ega) 1/1 (one Prahara) three Jamo (Jama) 1/1 hours Gao (Gaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. passed Taya Ind. then Sa (Ta) 1/1 Pro. she Tam (Ta) 2/1 Pro. Adj. that Savvam (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. all Suhadavesam[(Suhada)-(Vesa) 2/1) warrior's attire Parihaya (Pariha) Abs. having worn Asim (Asi) 2/1 (and) sword Gahiuna (Gaha) Abs. having taken Nissancare (Nissancara) 7/1Adj. devoid of any movement Rayapahammi (Rayapaha) 7/1 on the main road Niggaya Fem. (Niggaya + Niggaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. went ---- -------- Piassa Hattao Naidure not Rukkhassa (Pia) 6/1 the husband's (Hatta) 5/1 shop ((Na)+(Ai)+(Dure)] (Na) Ind. (Ai) Ind. (Dura) 7/1 very far from (near) (Rukkha) 6/1 (the) tree Ind. behind (Appana) 2/1 herself (Avara) Abs. Having made hidden (Thia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (she remained) standing Paccha Appanam Avaria Thia - - - - - - - - Praksta Prose and Verse 205

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Kiyanta kale So Sonnaro Hattam Samvariya Manjusam Ca Hatthena Gahiuna So Bhaya bhanto Io Tao Pasanto Siggham Gacchanto Java Tassa Rukkhassa Samivam Agao Taya Purisa Sa Sahasa Nisariuna Maunena [(Kiyanta)Adj.(Kala) 7/1] (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Sonnara) 1/1 (Hatta) 2/1 (Samvara) Abs. (Manjusa) 2/1 Ind. (Hattha) 3/1 (Gaha) Abs. 206 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Bhaya) (Bhanta) 1/1 Adj.] Ind. (Pasa) PP. 1/1 (Siggha) 1/1 (Gaccha) PP. 1/1 Ind. (Ta) 6/1 Pro.Adj. (Rukkha) 6/1 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Nisara) Abs. (Mauna) 3/1 after some time that (Samiva) 1/1 Adj. (Agaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ind. [(Purisa) vesadharini(Vesa)- (Dharini) 1/1 Adj.] (in the) disguise (of the) she suddenly having come out silently goldsmith (the) shop Having closed the case and in hand having held he (with) fear perplexing here and there seeing quickly going when that tree near came then man Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Tam (Ta) 2/1 Nibbhacchei (Nibbhaccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. Hum Hum Savvam Muncehi Annaha Maraissam So Akamha Rundhio Bhaena Tharatharanto Mam Na Maresu Mam Na Maresu la Kahiuna Manjusa Appia Tao Sa Prakrta Prose and Verse him disdained (and tells him with gesture) Yes, Yes everything leave otherwise (I will) kill (you) Ind. (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. (Munca) Imp.2/1 Tr. Ind. (Mara) Fu. 1/1 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Rundha) PAP. 1/1 (Bhaya) 3/1 (Tharathara) PP. 1/1 (Amha) 2/1 Pro. Ind. (Mara) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (Amha) 2/1 Pro. Ind. (Mara) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Ind. (Kaha) Abs. (Manjusa) 1/1 (Appa) PAP. 1/1 Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. he All of a sudden (was) detained with fear Trembling me (do) not kill me (do) not kill in this way Having said (the) case (he) handed over (to her) Then she 207

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all (the) worn clothes (for) taking (of) sword (the) point Savva [(Savva)parihia ( Pariha)PAP. vattha (Vattha)ggahanaya (Ggahana) 4/1) Karaval- [(Karavala)+(Aggam)] aggam [(Karavala). (Agga) 2/1] Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro. Vacchammi (Vaccha) 7/1 Thaviuna (Thava) Abs. Sannae (Sannae) PAP. 2/2 Irre. Vasanaii (Vasana) 2/2 Ind. Kaddhavei (Kaddha)+(Ava) PT. Cau. 3/1 Tr. his (on) chest having put (the) worn clothes also causes to take off Pi Taya Then So he Parihia - Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Pariha) - PAP. (Kadi)-(Pattaya) (Metta) 1/1] (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. kadipattaya to have worn loin clothe only remained metto Jao ------- -------- Then she Tao Sa Kadi - pattayam Ind. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. [(Kadi). (Pattaya) 2/1] Ind. the lion cloth also Pi 208 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Marana bhayam Damsiuna Kaddhavei So Ahuna Jao Iva Naggo Jao Sa Savvam Gahiuna Gharammi Thia 4. So [(Marana) (Bhaya) 2/1] (Damsa) Abs. (Kaddha)+(Ava) PT. Cau. 3/1 Tr. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Jaa) PAP. Irre. 1/1 Ind. Fem. Gaya (Gaya Gaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Ghara [(Ghara) - daram (Dara) 2/1] Pihiuna (Pihiuna) Abs. Irre. Anto Ind. Prakrta Prose and Verse (Nagga) 1/1 Adj. (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Savva) 2/1 Pro. Adj. (Gaha) Abs. (Ghara) 7/1 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Suvannayaro (Suvannayara) 1/1 (Bhaya) 3/1 Bhaena Kampamano (Kampa) PP. 1/1 of death the fear having indicated causes to take off Fem. (Thia Thia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. he Now a child like naked became she everything Having taken home (and) (the) gate having closed inside (the home) went (of the) home (she) sat that goldsmith with fear Trembling 209

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Jaya lo Tao Ind. hear and there Avaloento (Avaloa) PP. 1/1 seeing Magge (Magga) 7/1 (on the) way Avanavihie [(Avana)-(Vihi)] 5/1 (the) market road Gacchanto (Gaccha) PP. 1/1 going on Kamena (Kama) 3/1 in turn Ind. when Saga[(Saga). (of) vegetables vavarino (Vavari) 6/1] (of the) merchant Hatta - [(Hatta)+(Samivam)+ samiva (Agao)] magao [(Hatta) (of the) shop (Samiva) 2/1] near the Agao (Agaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre.] reached Taya Ind. then Kena (Ka) 3/1 Pro. by Janena (Jana) 3/1 somebody Pakka(Pakka)Adj. ripened cibbhadam (Cibbhada) 1/1 cucumber Bahiram (Bahira) Ind. outside Pakkhittam(Pakkhitta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. was thrown Tam (Ta) 1/1 Pro. that Tu Ind. Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro. Adj. that Suvannayarassa (Suvannayara) 6/1 (of) the goldsmith Pitthabhage ((Pittha)-(Bhaga) 7/1) (the) back Laggiam (Lagga) PAP. 1/1. hit against then (la) b/ Tena Nayam (Ta) 3/1 Pro. (Na) PAP. 1/1 (by) him It was understood 210 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Kenavi [(Kena)+(Avi)] Kena (Ka)3/1 Pro. (that) by somebody Avi (Ind.) certainly (Amha) 1/1 Pro. (Pahara) PAP. 1/1 have been struck Aham Pahario and Pitthadese [(Pittha)-(Desa) 7/1] (at) (the) back Hatthena (Hattha) 3/1 (with) his hand Phasei (Phasa) PT.3/1 Tr. (He) touched Tattha Ind. There Cibbhadassa (Cibbhada) 6/1 of the cucumber Rasam (Rasa) 2/1 (at the) sap Biaim (Bia) 2/2 seeds Sa Ind. Phasiunam (Phasa) Abs. having touched Viariam (Viara) PAP. 1/1 (It was) thought (by him) Aho Ind. Oh! Ham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. Gadhayaram (Gadhayara) 2/1 Adv. intensely Pahario (Pahara) PAP. 1/1 have been struck Mhi (Asa) PT. 1/1 Intr. Tena so Ghaena (Ghaa) 3/1 (the) wound Saha Ind. with Soniam (Sonia) 1/1 blood along with Niggayam (Niggaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (has) come out Tammajjhe [(Tam)+(Majjhe)] Tam (Ta) Adv. (and) because of this Majjhe (Majjha) 7/1 in that Ind. Pi Ind. Praksta Prose and Verse www.ja library.org

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Kidagavi [(Kidaga) + (Avi)] Kidaga (Kidaga) 1/2 insects Avi (Ind.) also Samuppanna (Samuppanna) (there) have grown PAP. 1/2 Irre. Evam Ind. In this way Accantabhay- [(Accanta)+(Bhaya)+(Aulo)] aulo [(Accanta)Adj. very much (Bhaya) (with) fear (he) (Aula) 1/1) perturbed Turiam Turiam Ind. speedily Gacchanto (Gaccha) PP. 1/1 going Gharaddare [(Ghara) (of the) house (Ddara) 7/1 (at the gate Samagao (Samagaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. arrived 5. Pihiam (Pihia) PAP. 2/1 Irre. Ghara [(Ghara)ddaram (Ddara) 2/1 Pasiuna (Pasa) Abs. Niyabhajjke [(Niya) Adj. (Bhajja) 4/1] Ahavanattham (Ahavana) 4/1 Uccasarena [(Ucca) Adj. (Sara) 3/1] Kahei (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. the closed (the) house gate (of) Having seen his wife for calling in the loud voice (he) tells ------- He Mayanassa (Mayana) 6/1 Mayare (Mayara) 8/1 Oh, madana's mother 212 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Daram (Dara) 2/1 Ugghadehi (Ugghada) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Daram (Dara) 2/1 Ugghadehi (Ugghada) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (the) gate open (the) gate open --------- ------- - - - - She Sa (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Abbhantara- [(Abbhantara). tthia (Tthia) PAP. 1/1 Irre.) Sunanti (Suna) PP. 1/1 Ind. Asunantiva [(A) Ind. (Sunanti). (Va) PP. 1/1) Kinci Ind. Kalam (Kala) 2/1 Vi inside sat (though) hearing yet not hearing as if for some time Thia Fem. (Thia - Thia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (she) stayed Sa Aivakkosane [(Aiva)+(Akkosane)] Aiva (Ind.) so much Akkosane (Akkosana) 7/1 On being angry (Ta) 1/1 Pro. she Agacca (Agacca) Abs. Irre. having come Daram (Dara) 2/1 (and) (the) gate Ugghadia (Ugghada) Abs. having opened Evam Ind. in this way Pucchai (Puccha) PT. 3/1 Tr. asked Kim Ind. Bahus (Bahu) 1/1 Adj. so much Akkosasi (Akkosa) PT. 2/1 Tr. (do you) shout Why Prakrta Prose and Verse 213

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So Bhaya bhanto Gihammi Pavisia Bhajjam Kahei Daram Siggham Pihahi Talagam Pi Desu Tie Savvam Kauna Puttham Kim Evam Naggo Jao Cala Paccha Mam (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Bhayabhanta) 1/1 Adj. (Giha) 7/1 (Pavisa) Abs. (Bhajja) 2/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Dara) 2/1 214 (Siggha) 1/1 Adj. (Piha) Imp. 2/1 Tr. (Talaga) 2/1 Ind. (Da) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Tena (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Vuttam (Vutta) PAP. 1/1 Irre. Abbhantare (Abbhantara) 7/1 Adj. Avavarae (Avavaraa) 7/1 He was seized with fear (Ta) 3/1 Pro. (Savva) 2/1 Pro. (Kauna) Abs. Irre. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Nagga) 1/1 (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Cala) Imp. 2/1 Tr. Ind. (Amha) 2/1 Pro. in (the) house having entered (his) wife tells (the) gate hurriedly close (and) lock (on it) also put she all (this) Having done asked (him) Why in this way (have you) naked become (by) him It was told inside (the) small room Come (and) afterwards me Prakrta Prose and Verse

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(Puccha) Imp. 2/1 Tr. ask -- - - - Puccha ----------- Gihassa Ante Avavarae Gacca Niccinto Jao (Giha) 6/1 (Anta) 7/1 Adj. (Avavaraa) 7/1 (Gacca) Abs. Irre. (Niccinta) 1/1 (Jaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (of) (the) house (at the) end in the room Having gone free from anxiety (he) became ---------- -------------- Tie Puno vi Puttham Kim Eva; (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Puttha) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Nagga) 1/1 (Agaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (by) her Also again it was asked Why in this way (have you) naked come Naggo Agao Tena Kahiya Corehim Lunthio Savvam Avaharia Naggo Kao (Ta) 3/1 Pro. (by) him (Kaha) PAP.1/1 It was told (Cora) 3/2 (by) thieves (Lunthia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. I have been looted (Savva) 2/1 Pro. away everything (Avahara) Abs. Having snatched (Nagga) 1/1 naked (by) them (Kaa) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (I) have been made Sa Kahei Puvvam Mae (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Puvva) 1/1Adj. (Amha) 3/1 Pro. She said earlier (by) me Prakrta Prose and Verse 215

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Kahiyam He Sami Tae Eva Ind. Majjharattie [(Majjha) Adj. (Ratti) 7/1] Manjusam (Manjusa) 2/1 Gahiuna (Gaha) Abs. Na Ind. Tumae Na Manniam Tena Evam Jayam Agantavvam (Agantavva) OPP. 1/1. Irre. So Kahei Aham Maha balittho Vi Kim Karomi (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 (Sami) 8/1 (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. Jai Panca Cha Va 216 (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Manna) PAP. 1/1 (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Jaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. (Amha) 1/1 Pro. [(Maha) Adj. (Balittha) 1/1] Ind. (Kim) 1/1 Pro. Adj. (Kara) PT. 3/1 Tr. Ind. (Panca) 1/2 Adj. (Cha) 1/2 Adj. Ind. it has been told Oh master (by) you in this way (in) midnight the case having taken no should be made movement (by) you (was) not (This) accepted SO this (has) happened He said (Though) I (am) very strong yet what (to) do If five six or Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Cora Agaya Hojja Taya Te Savve Aham Jeum Samattho Ee U Sayaso Thena Agaya Tenaham Tehim Saha Jujjhamano Parajio Savvam Lunthiuna Naggo Kao Pitthadese Ya Asinaham Prakrta Prose and Verse. (Cora) 1/2 (Agaya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. (Ho) 3/2 Ind. (Ta) 2/2 Pro. Adj. (Savva) 2/2 Pro. Adj. (Amha) 1/1 Pro. (Jeum) Inf. Irre. (Samattha) 1/1 Adj. (Ea) 1/2 Pro. Adj. Ind. Ind. (Thena) 1/2 (Agaya) PAP. 1/2 Irre. [(Tena)+(Aham)] Tena (Ind.) Aham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. (Ta) 3/2 Pro. Ind. (Jujjha) PP. 1/1 (Parajia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. (Savva) 2/2 Pro. Adj. Ind. [(Asina)+(Aham)] Asina (Asi) 3/1 Aham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. thieves there have come then them all I (was) of winning capable there But hundreds (of) thieves came SO I them with (Luntha) Abs. having snatched away (Nagga) 1/1 Adj. naked (Kaa) PAP. 1/1Irre. (I) have been made [(Pittha)-(Desa) 7/1] (in the) back and Fighting was defeated everything (by) sword I 217

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Pahario (Pahara) PAP. 1/ 1 have been struck Pasesu (Pasa) Imp. 2/1 Tr. see Pitthadesam [(Pittha)-(Desa)2/1] my back Ghiena (Ghaa) 3/1 wound Saha Ind. Kidagavi [(Kidaga)+(Avi)] Kidaga (Kidaga)1/2 insects Avi (Ind.) also Uppanna (Uppanna) PAP. 1/2 Irre. have grown with She his back 6. Tie (Ta) 3/1 Pro. Tassa (Ta) 6/1 Pro. Pitthadesam [(Pittha)-(Desa)2/1) Pasitta (Pasa) Abs. Nayam (Na)PAP. 1/1 Cibbhadassa (Cibbhada) 6/1 Rasam (Rasa) 1/1 Biyaim (Biya) 1/2 Sa Ind. Imaim (Ima) 1/2 Pro. Adj. Santi (Asa) PT. 3/2 Tr. Having seen knew (of) cucumber sap seeds and (that) there are -------------- - - - - - Bhattussam Vi Kahiam Sami Bhayabhantena (Bhattu) 4/1 Ind. (Kaha) PAP. 1/1 (Sami) 8/1 [(Bhaya)-(Bhanta) 3/1Adj.] (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. for the husband also It was told Oh master! (with) fear being seized by you Tae 218 Praksta Prose and Verse

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Evam Janiyam Kena Vi Aham Pahario Evam Tao Soniam Niggayam Tattha Ya Kidaga Vi Samuppanna Tam Na Saccam Tum Cibbhadena Pahario Si Tassa Rasam Biyaim Ca Pitthadese Laggaim Prakrta Prose and Verse Ind. (Jana) PAP. 1/1 (Ka) 3/1 Pro. Ind. (Amha) 1/1 Pro. (Pahara) PAP. 1/1 Ind. Ind. (Sonia) 1/1 (Niggaya) PAP. 1/1Irre. Ind. Ind. (Kidaga) 1/2 Ind. (Samuppanna) PAP. 1/2 Irre. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Ind. (Sacca) 1/1 (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. (Cibbhada) 3/1 (Pahara) PAP. 1/1 (Asa) PT. 2/1 Intr. (Ta) 6/1 Pro. (Rasa) 1/1 (Biya) 1/2 Ind. [(Pittha)-(Desa) 7/1] (Lagga) PAP. 1/2Irre. in this manner it has been Known (by) somebody that I have been struck (and) in this way as (a) result blood has come out there and insects also have grown It not (is) true You (by) cucumber have been struck its sap seeds and (on the) back were attached 219

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Tao Tassa Deha pakkhalanaya (Pakkhalana) 4/11 (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Sa Jalam Gahiuna Agaya Niyapaissa Deha suddhim Kareuna vatth appane Taim Ceva Vatthaim Appei [(Deha) (Suddhi) 2/1] (Kare) Abs. Parihana-[(Parihana)+(Vattha)+(Appane)] So Taim Vatthaim Pasiunam Ind. (Ta) 6/1 Pro. [(Deha) Kahei Hum, Hum Mae (Jala) 2/1 (Gaha) Abs. 220 (Agaya) PAP. 1/1 Irre. [(Niya) Adj. (Pai) 6/1] [(Parihana) (Vattha) (Appana) 7/1] (Ta) 1/2 Pro. Ind. (Vattha) 1/2 (Appa) PT. 3/1 Tr. Dhitthattanena(Dhitthattana) 3/1 (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. Ind. (Amha) 3/1 Pro. (Ta) 1/1 Pro. (Ta) 2/2 Pro. Adj. (Vattha) 2/2 (Pasa) Abs. Then his body for washing she water Having brought came (Then) of her husband of the body cleaning having done which were looted (by her) clothes in present those only clothes gave he those clothes Having seen with brashness says yes, yes by me Prakrta Prose and Verse

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Tayacciya Tumam Naya Mae (Taya+Cciya) Taya (Ind.) Cciya (Ind.) (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. (Na) PAP. 1/1 (Amha) 3/1 Pro. (Cinta) PAP. 1/1 (Amha) 6/1 Pro. (Bhajja) 1/1 (Ki) 1/1 Pro. (Kara) PT. 3/1 Tr. at that time even you were known by me It was thought my wife What will do Cintiam Mama Bhajja Kim Karei -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tenaham [(Tena)+(Aham)] Tena (Ind.) Aham (Amha) 1/1 Pro. Bhayabhanto [(Bhaya) - of seizing with fear (Bhanta) 1/1) Iva Ind. like (the fact) Tattha Ind. there Thio (Thia) PAP. 1/1 Irre. stayed Savvavaharana-[(Savva)+(Avaharanam) + muvekkhiam (Uvekkhiam)] [(Savva) (and) all (Avaharana) 1/1) lootedness Uvekkhiam (Uvekkha) PAP. 1/1 was neglected Annaha Ind. Otherwise Mama (Amha) 6/1 Pro. Purao Ind. (possesses) before Itthie (Itthi) 6/1 (a) woman Ka (Ka) 1/1 Pro. what (Satti) 1/1 strength me Satti - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . Prakyta Prose and Verse 221

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Sa (Ta) 1/1 Pro. She Kahei (Kaha) PT. 3/1 Tr. said He Bhattara (He Bhattara) 8/1 Oh master! Tava (Tumha) 6/1 Pro. your Balam (Bala) 1/1 strength Mae (Amha) 3/1 Pro. (by) me Taya Ind. at that time Ceva Ind. even Nayam (Naya) PAP. 1/1 was understood Gehe (Geha) 7/1 at home Suro (Sura) 1/1 brave Tumam (Tumha) 1/1 Pro. You Asi (Asi) PT. 2/1 Intr. are Ao Ind. only Ajjayanao (Ajjayana) 5/1 from today Tumae (Tumha) 3/1 Pro. by you Majjharattie [(Majjha)-(Ratti) 7/1) in midnight Manjusam (Manjusa) 2/1 (So) (the) case Gahiuna (Gaha) Abs. having taken Kayavi Na Ind. Agantavvam (Agantavva) OPP. 1/1 Irre. coming (from the shop) should be made by you Ind. In this way Bhajjae (Bhajja) 6/1 wife's Vayanam (Vayana) 2/1 words So (Ta) 1/1 Pro. Angikarei (Angikara) PT. 3/1 Tr. accepted never Ti he 222 Prakrta Prose and Verse

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