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FOREWORD
but it cannot be a valid reason. Three qualities are necessary for the middle term, but here, as the reason is not present in the minor term, the inference cannot be valid.
2. The rising of the moon makes us infer the opening of the lotus. The time which is the cause of the rising of the moon is also the cause of the blossoming of the lotus. So the rising of the moon, through its own cause, makes us infer the blossoming of the lotus. There should, therefore, exist a connection between the major term and the middle term, which must be endowed with the three qualities.
3. The thesis need not be the part of a syllogism, as it shows simply the minor and major terms, which are not at all useful in reasoning. Even without knowing the words "homologue” and "heterologue". a layman also easily understands the major and minor terms, when the three qualities of the middle term are
explained.
4. If the application is useful because it supplies the existence of the sign in the minor term, then what is the use of the statement of reason? It cannot supply the reason alone, and the application does this also. So it is necessary that the middle term should show its existence in the minor term. In that case the application becomes useless.
5. After explaining the three qualities of the middle term there remains no doubt which is to be removed by conclusion. If you still entertain some doubts, then how is it possible for you to say that the doubts would not be entertained even after the conclusion as well !
.6. The major and middle terms are connected with each other as cause and effect, or as invariable concomitants. The other members of the syllogism supply further connection. Hence conclusion is not necessary for establishing connection.
..7. There cannot be any inference as Vis'egato drsta because we have already proved that everything is momentary. The fire
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