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74
VEDÂNTA-SOTRAS.
hended through the first hearing of the Veda.--We further ask, ‘By what means do you arrive at the conclusion that Scripture cannot possibly be assumed to be defective in any way, while defects may be ascribed to Perception'? It is certainly not Consciousness-self-proved and absolutely devoid of all difference—which enlightens you on this point; for such Consciousness is unrelated to any objects whatever, and incapable of partiality to Scripture. Nor can senseperception be the source of your conviction ; for as it is founded on what is defective it gives perverse information. Nor again the other sources of knowledge ; for they are all based on sense-perception. As thus there are no acknowledged means of knowledge to prove your view, you must give it up.-But, you will perhaps say, we proceed by means of the ordinary empirical means and objects of knowledge!What, we ask in reply, do you understand by empirical'?
- What rests on immediate unreflective knowledge, but is found not to hold good when tested by logical reasoning - But what is the use, we ask, of knowledge of this kind ? If logical reasoning refutes something known through some means of knowledge, that means of knowledge is no longer authoritative !-Now you will possibly argue as follows: 'Scripture as well as Perception is founded on Nescience; but all the same Perception is sublated by Scripture. For as the object of Scripture, i.e. Brahman, which is one and without a second, is not seen to be sublated by any ulterior cognition, Brahman, i.e. pure non-differenced Consciousness, remains as the sole Reality.'—But here too you are wrong, since we must decide that something which rests on a defect is unreal, although it may remain unrefuted. We will illustrate this point by an analogous instance. Let us imagine a race of men afflicted with a certain special defect of vision, without being aware of this their defect, dwelling in some remote mountain caves inaccessible to all other men provided with sound eyes. As we assume all of these cave dwellers to be afflicted with the same defect of vision, they, all of them, will equally see and judge bright things, e.g. the moon, to be double. Now in the case of these people there never arises a subsequent cognition sublating their primitive
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