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Pravacanasāra
Modes (paryāya) exhibit distinction (uyatireka) and change sequentially in the three times, the past, the present and the future. Modes are of two kinds: mode-of-substance (dravyaparyāya) and mode-of-qualities (gunaparyāya). The impure modeof-substance (dravyaparyāya) is the mode obtained on the union of multiple substances. The mode-of-substance (dravyaparyāya) is of two kinds: 1) samānajātīya dravyaparyāya – by the union of atoms of the same class of substance, like different kinds of physical matter, and 2) asamānajātīya dravyaparyāya – by the union of different classes of substances, like the humans, and the celestial beings. The mode-of-qualities (guņaparyāya), too, is of two kinds: 1) svabhāva guņaparyāya - as the substance of soul (jīva) transforms with its intrinsic agurulaghuguņa, which manifests in şațguņahāniv>ddhi, and 2) vibhāva guņaparyāya - as the quality of knowledge in the substance of the soul (jīva) becomes less or more due to association with the matter (pudgala).
As illustration, the cloth is one with its quality (guņa), like whiteness, and mode (paryāya); in the same way, the substance (dravya) is one with its quality (guņa), and mode (paryāya). Union of threads of the same kind in the cloth makes the samānajātīya dravyaparyāya; in the same way, union of atoms of the same class of matter (pudgala) makes the samānajātīya dravyaparyāya. Union of threads of different kinds (cotton and silk) in the cloth makes the asamānajātīya dravyaparyāya; in the same way, union of the soul (īva) and the matter (pudgala), which results in the impure states of the soul - like the humans or the celestial beings (deva) – makes the asamānajātīya dravyaparyāya.
As the cloth, due to its intrinsic agurulaghuguņa, which manifests in șațgunahānivụddhi, has the quality like whiteness, similarly, all substances (dravya) have their natural mode-ofqualities - svabhāva guņaparyāya. As the cloth, due to union with other substances, exhibits sequentially - before and after - changes in quality (guņa) like whiteness, similarly, all substances (dravya), due to union with other substances, exhibit such changes
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