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Pravacanasāra
time. If individual kālānu were not separate and if it were possible for the kālāņu to unite with each other, the mode (paryāya) of the substance of time (kāla) – the 'samaya' – would not exist. The 'samaya’exists because transformation (pariņamana) takes place in an indivisible (akhanda) substance (dravya) as it associates with separate kālāņu, which do not unite with each other. The mode (paryāya) of the substance of time (kāla)- the 'samaya'- manifests in the slow movement of the atom of matter - the pudgalaparamāņu. That which neither originates nor vanishes with the origination or destruction of the mode, i.e., the 'samaya', is the kālāņu, the substance of time (kāla dravya). The mode that is the ‘samaya' is transient, the kālāņu or the substance of time (kāla dravya) is eternal. There is no smaller time than the 'samaya'; it is indivisible. If the 'samaya' were divisible, the space-point (pradeśa) of the space (ākāśa) too will become divisible, which is untenable. It may be argued that since the atom of matter - pudgala-paramānu - can traverse the entire length (of 14 rāju) of the universe (loka) in one 'samaya', the 'samaya'must be divisible into the number of kālāņu that the pudgala-paramāņu touches during its journey. The answer is that the pudgala-paramāņu has the power of fast movement; the 'samaya’is indivisible. The spacepoint (pradeśa) of the space (ākāśa) equals one indivisible atom (paramāņu) but has the power to accommodate infinite number of indivisible atoms of matter (pudgala-paramāņu) and molecules of matter (pudgala-skandha); this does not mean that the spacepoint (pradeśa) is divisible. This is due to the power of accommodation that exists in the substance of the space (ākāśa dravya). In the same way, because of its inherent power of fast movement, the pudgala-paramāņu covers the entire length of the universe (loka) in one 'samaya'. This does not entail divisibility of the 'samaya'. The 'samaya' is the smallest unit of time; it has no subdivisions.
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