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No. 8) PUSHPAGIRI INSCRIPTION OF THE TIME OF YADAVA SINGHANA 35 engaged in subduing Bhöja. That this Paschimarāya Bhöja was the Silähära prince Bhöja II is well established. The date when Bhāja II was defeated and the Silāhāra kingdom subjugated was approximately fixed by Fleet as lying some time before 1217-18 A.C. on the evidence of a record of Singhana found at Kolhapur dated in this year. He notices another inscription of Singhaņa of date 1213 A.C. at Khedrapur in Kolhapur territory. Although it lies in the territory of the Silahāra chief, Fleet was apparently not prepared to presume that Bhöja was defeated before this date since the record does not mention the event. However, the date of the event can now be pushed back by at least two years from 1217-18 A.C. as the recently found Görantla epigraph of January 25, 1216 A.C., noticed above, refers to the victory over PaschimarāyaBhojadēva, i.e., Bhoja II, as the achievement of Lakshmidēva-Dandanayaka, Singhaņa's general.
Singhaņa's occupation of the region south of the Tunghabhadrā, particularly the area now comprising the districts of Anantapur, Bellary, Kurnool and Cuddapah, to which our Pushpagiri record and other inscriptions cited above bear testimony, does not seem to have been firmly established nor did it last long. It is well known that the Hoysaļas continued to be masters of their own dominions south of the Tungabhadra and often beat back the Yadava invaders. Besides the Hoysaļas, there was another powerful opponent of the Yādavas, viz., the Telugu-Choda prince, Tikka I of Nellore, who is known from inscriptional and literary records to have defeated the Yadavas. Of Tikka's reign a large number of inscriptions have been found. They show that he ruled approximately from 1208 to 1239 A.C. Two of them at Käñchi, dated Saka 1153 (1231 A.D.)" and Saka 1156 (1234 A.C.)' state that he was the cataclysmic fire to the ocean, viz., Kalyanapuri, that he destroyed the pride of the Sēvuņas and inflicted ignominious punishments on them. The same exploit against the Sēvuņas seems to be alluded to in the Telugu Dasakumaracharitramu, a poetical work of the same period written by a pupil of Tikkuna-Somayajin, named
1 It is interesting to note that there is still another who assunied the same biruda referring to the victory over Bhoja. He is Sārngapāņidēva who describes himself as the son of Yadava Singhapa and assumes all the imperial titles of the Yadava kings in an insoription of his at Panungal in the Hyderabad State (Ilyd. Arch. Series, No. 13, ins. no. 34). The record is dated Saka 1189, Prabhava, i.e., 1267 A.C. In this epigraph he is credited with nearly all the victories which are found attributed to Singhaņa in the Purushottumapuri plates of Ramachandra (Above, Vol. XXV, pp. 202 and 209 : v. 4) and in the Tiliwahi stone inscription of Singhapa (No. 257 of the An. Rep. On I.E., for the year 1945-6: Kannada Sahitya Parishat Patrike, Vol. 28, pp. 1-26). In fact the Pānungal record gives to Särngapåpidēva the same string of birudas iucluding the imperial titles of Singhana as found in the Tiliwalli inscription. Possibly he just inherited the titles having had no part in the conquests of Singhana. The record further describes him as administering the sthala of Panungallu in the reign of king Manuma Rudradeva of the Kika. tiya dynasty. That a person of so high an extraction should be holding such a small status is significant. A similarly worded prasasti occurs in a fragmentary stone inscription at Uddari in the Sorab taluk of the Shimoga District, Mysore, which opens with the date Saka 1198 but the name of the chief to whom the epithets apply is lost in the missing piece of the inscribed slab. The date quoted in it would fall in the reign of Yadava Ramachandra but the eulogy is that of Singhana (Mys. Arch. Rep. 1929, pp. 142 ff. and plate XVII; above, Vol. XXV, p. 202 and f.n. 1.).
1 Above, Vol. XXV. p. 203. It is known that Bhoja II was styled Paschimachakravartin by his protégé Somadeva who wrote the work Sabdarnarachandrika in the colophon of which Bhoja is given this and many other Paramount titles (Bom. Gar., Vol. I, part ii, p. 549.) A chief called Pasohimariya-Damodara was an adversary of Gangays-Sahani, a subordinate of Kakatiya Ganapati mentioned in inscriptions of dato 1250 A.C. and later (No. 283 of 1905 of the Mad. Epi. Coll. ; SIT, Vol. X, No. 332). His identity, however, has not been established.
* Bom. Gar., Vol. I, part ii, pp. 624 and 549. • Ibid., p. 524. .No. 446 of 1919 of the Mad. Ep. Coll.
•No. 34 of 1893 of the Mad. Ep. Coll., published in SI1, Vol. IV, as No. 847. The relevant passage as pub. lished reads:
Urimsi Tarpivali-chitritäni kar-ambujani trutit-ámgulini yasmin parikrudhyati Sēvannām trapam kshamēram(m=aikam) na tu hotaya[b) svah (liv. 13*].
