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No. 33]
TWO INSCRIPTIONS FROM JAIPUR DISTRICT
195
Khawas Khan had taken refuge in the hills of Kumaun, Islām Shāh is stated to have recorded a solemn oath that he had forgiven all his past offences and begged him to attend at court and proceed against the Rana of Udaypur who had again raised his head, plundered several of the royal possessions and carried off the wives and daughters of Muslims, although at the same time orders were sent to the governor of Sambhal to put the general to death as soon as he should come within reach. This event took place in A.H. 959 corresponding to 1551 A.D. according to some authorities. Rānā Udayasimha thus seems to have thrown off his allegiance to the Sürs before the date of Khawas Khan's murder. The reference to the Sür territory, which was plundered by the Rāņā and whence Muslim women were carried away, seems to point to the reoccupation of Chitor by Udayasimha. Tod is silent in regard to the date of the recovery of the Jodhpur region by Maladeva from the Afghans. But B. N. Reu has quoted the following facts: Sher Shah occupied the Jodhpur region of Marwar in 1544 A.D. and left Khawas Khan at Jodhpur as his viceroy; the Sur occupation of parts of Marwar lasted only for about one year and a half; Maladeva (1532-62 A.D.) drove out the Afghans from Jodhpur before the end of V.S. 1693 (1546 A.D.)." Unfortunately no authority has been cited in support of the last statement. Whether Rārā Udayasimha helped the Räthors in ousting the Afghans from Jodhpur cannot be determined, although that is not improbable. But the Rāņā does not appear to have continued his allegiance to the Surs for any considerable length of time after the expulsion of the Afghans from Marwäg. This seems to be suggested by the prominent mention of the Rana's aggression in Islam Shah's communication to Khawas Khan, which does not mention Maladeva, often described by Muslim authors as the most powerful ruler in Rajputana. Thus the date of Rathor success against tho Sūrs may actually be a little later than that suggested by Reu. Reference has been made by Reu to the existence of Khawas Khan's tomb (now called Khasgā Pir's Dargah) at Jodhpur. This may suggest that Jodhpur was under Muslim occupation till the time of Khawas Khan's death.
Another very interesting fact disclosed by the inscription under review is the inclusion of at least parts of the present Jaipur District within the dominions of the. Rāņas of Mewar. Cunningham sketched the history of Toḍa-Raising on the basis of Rajput traditions which, however, have nothing to say on this particular point. This no doubt shows that these traditions are not quite trustworthy as a source of history. There is also no mention of the chief Ramachandra
1 Camb. Hist. Ind., op. cit., p. 59; Roy, op. cit., p. 33; Elliot and Dowson, op. cit., p. 531.
* Badaunt's Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh, Ranking's trans., Vol. I, pp. 525-26.
The date of Khawas Khan's murder is given sometimes as 1546 A.D. (Camb. Hist. Ind., op. cit., p. 59) and 1550 A.D.-A.H. 957 (Elliot and Dowson, op. cit., p. 532, note 1). The first of these two dates is impossible unless it is believed that the hostility attributed to the Rāņa in Islam Shah's communication to Khawas Khan was merely a bluff, although the probability is that the Rapa's revolt and act of aggression were widely known facts. Our inscription shows that Udayasimha did not completely shake off his allegiance to Islam Shah till the close of 1547 A.D.
Op. cit., Vol. II, p. 30.
Marwarka Itihas, Vol. I, pp. 131-32.
Qanungo says that Toda was a border town of the expanded dominions of Maladeva (op. cit., p. 264). If it was taken by the Räthor ruler from Mewar, Udayasimha may have recovered it either as a Sär partisan or in the confusion that resulted from Sher Shah's victory over Maladeva.
7 Archaeological Survey Reports, Vol. VI, pp. 124 ff. Cf. "Thoda was originally founded by the Dhods or Dhore tribe, from whom the present name of the place, Thoda or Thore, is said to be derived. Thoda next came into the possession of the Solankis, under Siddha Rai Solanki, in Samvat 1131. ....Thoda passed out of the hands of the Solankis in Samvat 1360, when it was taken by the Chohans, probably in the time of Hararaja Chohan who founded Bündi. On the extension of the powers of the Kachhwähas of Amber, they took Thoda from the Chohans and held it for some years. The possession of Thoda was next made over to the Sisodias by one of the Mughal emperors of Delhi.....Lastly, Thoda again came into the possession of the Kachhwähas in whose possession it has since remained." The name of the first ruler of the Sisodia dynasty is given as Raising (Rayasimha) after whom the place came to be known later as Toda-Raising.
