Kashay

Author(s): Hempragyashreeji
Publisher: Vichakshan Prakashan Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/001719/1

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kaSAya Dece 000000000000000 sAdhvI hemaprajJA zrI wowdalnelibranto

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kArAvAsa hai yaha jagat jisameM prANI apanI kaSAya-vRttiyoM kI nibir3a ber3iyoM meM jakar3A karAha rahA hai| jaba taka kaluSatAoM kI kAlikha se vaha mukta nahIM hogA nn n duHkha kI dhAya~-dhArya karatI lapaToM se baca nikalanekI koI rAha use nahIM milegii| pIr3A, gAsa, nirAzA, cintA kI ghuTana usakI asmitA ko nigale isase pUrva use Atma-jAgRti ke dvAra para dastaka denI hogIvihAra karanA honA sukha-zAnti aura samatA ke alH tthaatthaal aura pAnA hogA mukti kI durlabha saMpadA ko| -sAdhvI maNiprabhAzrI

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana jaina kokilA pravartinI vicakSaNazrI jI ma. sA. kI suziSyA evaM marudhara-jyoti pU. maNiprabhAzrI jI ma. sA. kI nezrAyavartinI sAdhvI (DaoN.) hemaprajJAzrI ema.e., pI-eca.DI. zrI vicakSaNa prakAzana indaura

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pArzvanAtha vidyApITha granthamAlA-112 pradhAna sampAdaka : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya, indaura dvArA san 1988 meM svIkRta zodha-prabandha kA saMkSipta rUpa) sAdhvI (DaoN.) hemaprajJAzrI prakAzana prApti zrI vicakSaNa prakAzana, naIduniyA parisara, indaura-452 009 vitaraNa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, AI0TI0 AI0 mArga, karauMdI, vArANasI - 221005 prathama saMskaraNa navambara, 1999 mUlya rupaye 50/pacAsa sahayoga 30,000 rupaye pannA-rUpA dharmazAlA pAlItAnA (saurASTra) jJAna khAte se| 10,000 rupaye sva. rAjamalajI pannAlAlajI caudharI nAgora kI smRti meM zrImAna zikharacaMdajI, zrIcaMdajI caudharI, kobe (jApAna) dvaaraa| . mudraNa naI duniyA prinTarI, indaura antarrASTrIya mAnaka pustaka saMkhyA : 81-86715-35-5 ISBN : 81-86715-35-5

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prakAzakIya kaSAya jainadharma kA eka pAribhASika zabda hai / ve manovRttiyA~ jo AtmA ko kaluSita karatI haiM, unheM jaina manovijJAna kI bhASA meM kaSAya kahA gayA hai; ataH jIva ke sAMsArika bandhana meM jo manovRttiyA~ kAraNabhUta haiM, unameM kaSAya kA eka pramukha sthAna hai| kaSAya ko pUrNarUpa se samajhe binA usa para vijaya pAnA nitAnta duSkara hai| sAdhvI (DaoN.) hemaprajJAjI dvArA racita 'kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana' nAmaka yaha pustaka isa viSaya para eka adhikArika kRti hai / prastuta kRti meM Apane na kevala kaSAya kI sUkSma vivecanA kI hai apitu unheM karmasiddhAnta evaM guNasthAna jaise mahattvapUrNa dArzanika siddhAntoM ke pariprekSya meM vyAkhyAyita karate hue kaSAya-jaya ke vibhinna upAyoM ko bhI sujhAyA hai| hama sAdhvI (DaoN.) hemaprajJAjI ke atyanta AbhArI haiM; jinhoMne ukta kRti ko taiyAra kara prakAzanArtha hameM diyA / pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke mAnada nidezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke prati hama apanA AbhAra prakaTa karate haiM, jinhoMne na kevala isa grantha kI mUla pANDulipi ko AdyopAnta par3ha kara isake prakAzana ke lie hameM prerita kiyA, apitu isake lie vidvattApUrNa 'prastAvanA' bhI likhii| pustaka meM apekSita sudhAra evaM prakAzana vyavasthA ke lie hama vidyApITha ke pravaktA DaoN. zrI prakAza pANDeya ke bhI AbhArI haiN| AzA hai, pustaka adhyetAoM evaM zodhArthiyoM ke lie upayogI siddha hogI /

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zata - zata - vandana jinake parama punIta caraNoM meM kharataragacchAdhipati, zAsanaprabhAvaka, AcArya bhagavanta pUjya zrI jinamahodayasAgara sUrIzvarajI mahArAja upAdhyAya bhagavanta, zAsanaprabhAvaka pUjya zrI kailAzasAgarajI mahArAja jyotirvid, zAsanaprabhAvaka, gaNibhagavanta pUjya zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI mahArAja parokSa AzIrvAda jaina kokilA, samatAmUrti, sva. pravartinI, parama pUjyA __guruvaryA zrI vicakSaNazrIjI mahArAja sAhaba . pratyakSa kRpA adhyAtmayoginI, hRdayasparzI vyAkhyAnadAtrI, paramapUjyA guruvaryA zrI maNiprabhAzrIjI mahArAja sAhaba namana, namana aura namana pUjyA-vRnda ke caraNoM meM vAtsalyapUrNA pUjyAzrI nipuNAzrIjI ma.sA. Agama-marmajJA pUjyAzrI tilakazrIjI ma.sA. zAnta-svabhAvI pUjyAzrI vinItAzrIjI ma.sA. sarala-manA pUjyAzrI candrakalAzrIjI ma.sA. prajJA-bhAratI pUjyAzrI candraprabhAzrIjI ma.sA. zAsana-jyoti pUjyAzrI manoharazrIjI ma.sA. prasanna-vadanA pUjyAzrI suraMjanAzrIjI ma.sA.

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samarpaNa pArasamaNi ke sparzamAtra se, lohA tatkSaNa hema bne| cintAmaNi cintA ko cUre, 'dinamaNi hare andhera ghne| nabhamaNi Alokita nabhamaNDala, tAraka dhUmilahIna bne| saMta ziromaNi maNiprabhAmaya, guru hare pAtaka ghne| jyoM hemanirmita mudrikA meM, jar3A huA ho mnnirtn| jyoM bAvanAcandana se surabhi - yukta koI saghana vn| jyoM tArAmadhye candra zobhita, ho rahA ho niilggn| tyoM saMtamadhye saMta ziromaNi, guru vicakSaNa ko namana! gurucaraNareNu sAdhvI hemaprajJAzrI

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vizvaprema-pracArikA, samatAmUrti pUjyA zrI vicakSaNazrI jI mahArAja sAhaba muskAna jinakI manda manda, kara letI jo manoharaNa, karuNApUrita nayana jinake, zAnta au upazAnta vdn| adhyAtma mArgadarzaka haiM, jinake madhura-madhura vacana, he vilakSaNa guru vicakSaNa, lAkha-lAkha tumheM nmn|| *

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bhUmikA jaina sAdhanA kaSAyoM ke vijaya kI sAdhanA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne to bahuta hI spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA thA ki 'kaSAyoM se mukti hI vAstavika artha meM mukti hai (kaSAyamuktiH kila muktirev)| kaSAya jaina darzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai| yadyapi bauddha paramparA meM 'dhammapada' (223) meM aura hindU paramparA meM chAndogyaupaniSad (7 / 26 / 2) tathA mahAbhArata meM zAntiparva (244 / 3) meM kaSAya zabda kA prayoga azubha cittavRttiyoM ke artha meM huA hai| phira bhI ina donoM paramparA meM kaSAya zabda kA prayoga virala hI dekhA jAtA hai| jabaki jaina paramparA meM isa zabda kA prayoga pracuratA se dekhA jAtA hai| jaina AcAryoM dvArA isakI vyutpattiparaka paribhASAe~ aneka dRSTikoNoM se kI gaI hai, jinakI carcA prastuta kRti meM sAdhvIjI ne kI hai| sAmAnyatayA ve manovRttiyA~ yA mAnasika Avega jo hamArI AtmA ko kaluSita karate haiM, hamAre AtmIya sadguNoM ko kRza karate haiM, jinase AtmA bandhana meM AtI hai aura usake saMsAra paribhramaNa arthAt janma-maraNa meM vRddhi hotI hai, unheM kaSAya kahate haiN| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "anigrahita krodha aura mAna tathA vRddhigata mAyA tathA lobha- ye cAroM kaSAyeM punarjanma rUpI vRkSa kA siMcana karatI haiM, dukhaH ke kAraNa haiM, ataH samAdhi kA sAdhaka unheM tyAga deN"| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM rAga aura dveSa ko karma kA bIja kahA gayA hai| rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa hI kaSAyoM kA janma hotA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki pApa karma kI utpatti ke do sthAna haiM- rAga aura dveSa / rAga se lobha kA aura lobha se kapaTa arthAt mAyA kA janma hotA hai| dUsarI ora dveSa se krodha kA aura krodha se ahaMkAra kA janma hotA hai| isa prakAra kaSAyoM kI utpatti ke mUla meM rAga-dveSa kI vRtti hI kAma karatI hai| yaha bhI sunizcita hai ki rAga-dveSa ke mUla meM bhI rAga hI pramukha tattva hai| rAga kI upasthiti meM hI dveSa kA janma hotA hai| ataH saMkSepa meM kaheM to sampUrNa kaSAyoM ke mUla meM rAga yA Asakti kA tattva hI pramukha hai| vahI kaSAyoM kA pitA hai| rAga-dveSa se krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha- ina cAra kaSAyoM kA kyA sambandha hai| isakI vistRta carcA vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM vibhinna nayoM yA apekSAoM ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai| saMgraha naya kI apekSA se krodha aura mAna dveSa rUpa haiM, jabaki mAyA aura lobha rAga rUpa haiN| kyoMki prathama do meM dUsare kI ahita bhAvanA hai aura antima do meM

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 8 apanI svArtha-sAdhanA kA lakSya hai| vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se krodha, mAna aura mAyA- tInoM dveSa rUpa haiM, kyoMki mAyA bhI dUsare ke vighAta kA vicAra hI hai| kevala lobha akelA rAgAtmaka hai, kyoMki usameM mamatvabhAva hai| kintu RjusUtranaya kI dRSTi se kevala krodha hI dveSarUpa hai, zeSa kaSAya-trika ko na to ekAnta rUpa se rAga-prerita kahA jA sakatA hai, na dvess-prerit| rAga-prerita hone para ve rAga-rUpa haiM aura dveSa-prerita hone para dveSarUpa hotI haiN| phira bhI yaha to satya hI hai ki ye cAroM kaSAya mUlata: vyakti kI rAga-dveSAtmaka vRttiyoM kI hI bAhya abhivyaktiyA~ haiN| vastutaH vyakti meM nihita vAsanA ke tattva apanI vidheyAtmaka avasthA meM rAga aura niSedhAtmaka avasthA meM dveSa bana jAto haiM aura ye rAga-dveSa ke tattva hI apanI AvegAtmaka abhivyakti meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha arthAt kaSAya bana jAte haiN| isa prakAra kaSAya rAga-dveSa kI bAhya abhivyakti hai aura rAga-dveSa kaSAyoM ke antaraMga bIja haiN| rAga-dveSa ke abhAva meM kaSAyoM kI sattA nahIM hai| kaSAyeM rAga-dveSa rUpI yugala se hI janma letI haiM, unhIM se sampoSita hotI haiM aura inake marane para mara jAtI haiN| kaSAya aura mithyAtva - kaSAyoM kI uparokta carcA ke prasaMga meM hamane yaha dekhA ki kaSAyoM kA janma rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyoM se hotA hai| punaH yadi hama yaha vicAra kareM ki kaSAyoM ko janma dene vAlI ye rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ kisake AdhAra para janma letI haiM aura sampoSita hotI haiM, to isa sambandha meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA spaSTa nirdeza hai ki rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyoM kA mUlabhUta kAraNa moha hai| ise ajJAna yA aviveka dazA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| kintu isase Age bar3hakara jaba yaha pUchA jAe ki yaha moha, ajJAna yA aviveka kyoM utpanna hotA hai yA kisake dvArA utpanna hotA hai, to hameM kahanA par3atA hai ki isakA mUla kAraNa mithyAtva hI hai| vastuta: jaina darzana meM yaha eka pramukha dArzanika samasyA hai ki yadi kaSAyoM kA kAraNa moha yA mithyAtva hai, to moha yA mithyAtva kA kAraNa kyA hai? samprati ina praznoM ko lekara jaina cintakoM meM eka vivAda chir3A huA hai, mithyAtva aura kaSAya meM kauna pramukha hai aura kauna gauNa hai? yaha prazna Aja nizcayanaya para adhika bala dene vAle kAnajI svAmI ke samarthaka paMDitoM evaM vyavahAranaya kI upekSA nahIM karane vAle pUjya AcArya vidyAsAgarajI ke samarthakoM ke bIca vivAda 1. vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 2668-2671

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 9 kA viSaya banA huA hai| eka ora pU. kAnajI svAmI ke samarthaka vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki bandhana kA mUlabhUta kAraNa mithyAtva hai aura kaSAya akiMcitkara hai, kyoMki kaSAyoM kA janma bhI mithyAtva se hotA hai| dUsarI ora AcArya vidyAsAgarajI ke samarthaka vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki kaSAya hI bandhana kA pramukha kAraNa hai, mithyAtva akiMcitkara hai| kyoMki mithyAtva kA janma aura sattA donoM hI anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM kI upasthiti meM hI saMbhava hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAyoM ke abhAva meM mithyAtva kI sattA nahIM hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki donoM hI pakSa apane-apane AgrahoM para khar3e hue haiN| vastutaH mithyAtva aura kaSAya ye donoM hI paraspara Azrita haiM aura yaha bhI satya hai ki tIvratama kaSAyoM kI upasthiti meM hI mithyAtva kI sattA sambhava hotI hai| vastutaH mithyAtva aura kaSAya donoM hI paropajIvI haiM, mithyAtva ke abhAva meM kaSAya nahIM hotI hai aura kaSAya ke abhAva meM mithyAtva bhI nahIM hotA hai| vastutaH cintana kI apekSA se hI kaSAya aura mithyAtva ko alaga-alaga kiyA jA sakatA hai| sattA meM to ve eka-dUsare ke anusyUta hokara hI rahate haiN| vyakti meM kaSAyoM ke Avega tabhI utpanna hote haiM, jaba vaha mohagrasta yA ajJAna se ghirA hotA hai, kintu jaise hI vaha ajJAna yA mithyAtva kA gherA tor3atA hai, usake kaSAya samApta ho jAte haiN| vastutaH mithyAtva ke binA kaSAya-bhAva nahIM hote haiM aura kaSAya ke binA mithyAtva bhI nahIM hotA hai| eka hI sattA para dUsare kI sattA AdhArita hai, inameM se koI bhI na to akiMcitkara hai aura na dUsare se nirapekSa hii| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM isI samasyA kA samAdhAna kiMcit bhinna zabdoM meM kiyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra aNDA aura murgI meM kauna prathama, isa samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, usI prakAra mithyAtva aura kaSAya meM bhI kauna prathama yA mahattvapUrNa hai aura kauna gauNa yA kama mahattvapUrNa hai, isakA nirNaya nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra aNDe ke binA murgI aura murgI ke binA aNDA sambhava nahIM hai, usI prakAra mithyAtva ke binA kaSAya aura kaSAya ke binA mithyAtva sambhava nahIM hai| inameM se kisI kI bhI pUrva koTi nirdhArita nahIM kI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki donoM paropajIvI yA parasparAzrita haiN| kaSAya aura karma-bandha jaina darzana nirIzvaravAdI darzana hai, ata: usameM karma-siddhAnta ko hI sarvoparitA dI gaI hai| vyakti kA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa Izvara ke adhIna na hokara

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 10 karmavyavasthA ke adhIna mAnA gayA hai, phalataH jaina dArzanikoM ne karma ke bandhana aura vipAka kI talasparzI gambhIra vivecanA kI hai| isI krama meM karma-bandha kyoM aura kaise hotA hai? isakI carcA karate hue unhoMne karma-bandha ke nimna pA~ca kAraNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai :- (1) mithyAtva, (2) avirati (asaMyama), (3) pramAda, (4) kaSAya aura (5) yog| jJAtavya hai ki yahA~ 'yoga' se tAtparya mana, vacana evaM zarIra kI gatividhiyA~ haiN| yadi ina pA~ca kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa kareM to hama yaha pAte haiM ki mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda mUlataH kaSAya ke kAraNa hI hote haiN| kaSAyoM kI anantAnubandhI caukar3I mithyAtva kA kAraNa hai kyoMki kaSAyoM kI isa anantAnubandhI caukar3I kI upasthiti meM hI mithyAtva sambhava hotA hai| jaise hI kaSAyoM kI yaha anantAnubandhI caukar3I samApta hotI hai, mithyAtva bhI samApta ho jAtA hai aura samyagdarzana prakaTa ho jAtA hai| isase yaha sunizcita hotA hai ki mithyAtva kA kAraNa kaSAya hai| isI prakAra avirati arthAt asaMyama kA kAraNa bhI anantAnubandhI athavA apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya hI hote haiN| kaSAya kI apratyAkhyAnI caukar3I ke samApta hone para virati yA saMyama kA prakaTana hotA hai| jaba taka apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA udaya hai, taba taka saMyama yA virati saMbhava nahIM hai| isI prakAra avirati kA kAraNa bhI kaSAya hI hai| jaba hama bandha ke tIsare hetu pramAda para vicAra karate haiM, to bhI hameM spaSTa lagatA hai ki pramAda kI sattA bhI kaSAya ke kAraNa hI hai| jaba taka pratyAkhyAnI kaSAyoM kI caukar3I sattA meM hai taba taka pramAda kI bhI sattA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta meM bhI spaSTa rUpa se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya-catuSka ke udaya meM rahate hue apramatta-sa~yatta guNasthAna kI upalabdhi sambhava nahIM hotI hai| mAtra itanA hI nahIM, prabuddha jainAcAryoM ne kaSAyoM ko pramAda kA hI eka prakAra mAnA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda- tInoM kA hetu kaSAya hI hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya-catuSka ke kSaya ke sAtha hI mithyAtva kA kSaya hotA hai| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya-catuSka ke kSaya se asaMyama yA avirati kA kSaya hotA hai| pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya-catuSka ke kSaya yA kSayopazama se pramAda samApta hotA hai ata: mithyAtva, avirata aura pramAda ke mUla meM kaSAya hI rahe hae haiN| kaSAyoM ke abhAva meM inakI svatantra sattA nahIM rahatI hai, ataH bandhana ke prathama cAra kAraNoM meM kaSAya hI pramukha kAraNa hai, zeSa mithyAtva, avirati aura pramAda to usake AnuSaMgika hI hai, kaSAya kI sattA meM hI unakI sattA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 11 ki bandhana ke do hI kAraNa haiM- kaSAya aura yoga / ina donoM kAraNoM meM bhI yoga bandhanakA nimitta kAraNa hai| kaSAyoM ke abhAva meM usameM bandhana kA sAmarthya nahIM hai| jaina darzana kI mAnyatA hai ki kaSAya ke abhAva meM mAtra yoga ke pariNAmasvarUpa jo IryApathika Asrava aura bandha hotA hai vaha kSaNika hI hai| usameM prathama samaya meM bandha hotA hai, aura dUsare samaya meM vaha nirjarita ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra vastutaH bandha vAstavika bandha nahIM hai| jaise pAnI meM khIMcI gaI lakIra khIMcane ke sAtha hI samApta ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra IryApathika bandha apane bandhana ke sAtha hI samApta ho jAtA hai| isa samasta carcA kA phalita yaha hai ki kaSAya hI bandhana ke pramukha kAraNa haiM, yoga to akiMcitkara hai| jisa prakAra ghI ke abhAva meM laDDU baMdhatA nahIM hai, usI prakAra kaSAya ke abhAva meM karma bhI baMdhate nahIM haiM / puna: jaina karma - siddhAnta meM bandhana ke cAra prakAra mAne gaye haiM- ( 1 ) prakRti bandha, (2) pradeza bandha, (3) sthiti bandha aura (4) anubhAga bandha / yadi hama bandhana ke uparokta do kAraNa- kaSAya aura yoga ke sandarbha meM bandhana ke ina cAra prakAroM kI carcA kareM, to hama yaha pAte haiM ki yoga prakRti-bandha aura pradeza - bandha ke kAraNa haiM; jabaki kaSAya sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha ke kAraNa haiN| yoga arthAt hamArI mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika kriyAoM ke dvArA karmoM kI prakRti arthAt unakA svarUpa aura unake pradeza arthAt mAtrA nirdhArita hotI hai / kintu yaha ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA laDDU banAne ke lie vastu vizeSa kA eka nirdhArita mAtrA meM lAyA gayA ATA ho| usase laDDU to tabhI banegA jaba usameM ghI aura zakkara kA sammizraNa hogaa| isI prakAra karma-bandha kI prakriyA meM bhI sthiti aura anubhAga arthAt rasa kA nirdhAraNa kaSAyoM ke mAdhyama se hI hotA hai / kaSAya rUpI ghI aura zakkara hI usa ATe ko laDDU ke rUpa meM pariNata karate haiN| karmabandha meM sthiti arthAt kAla maryAdA aura anubhAga arthAt unakI vipAkAnubhUti (rasa) kA nirdhAraNa to kaSAya ke dvArA hI hotA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki karma-bandha aura vipAka ( karma-phala ) meM mukhya bhUmikA kaSAya kI hI hai / kaSAyoM kI taratamatA hI vyakti ke bandhana ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraka tattva hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM, to kaSAya hI bandhana ke kAraNa haiM, hamAre sAMsArika astitva ke AdhAra haiM aura kaSAyoM kA kSaya yA abhAva hI mukti hai|

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 12 kaSAya ke bheda AvegoM kI avasthAe~ bhI tIvratA kI dRSTi se samAna nahIM hotI haiM, ataH tIvra AvegoM ko kaSAya aura maMda AvegoM yA tIvra AvegoM ke prerakoM ko nokaSAya (upa-kaSAya) kahA gayA hai| kaSAyeM cAra haiM- 1. krodha, 2. mAna, 3. mAyA aura 4. lobh| AvegAtmaka abhivyaktiyoM kI tIvratA ke AdhAra para inameM se pratyeka ko cAra-cAra bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai- 1. tIvratama, 2. tIvratara, 3. tIvra ; aura 4. mNd| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se tIvratama krodha Adi vyakti ke samyak dRSTikoNa yA viveka meM vikAra lA dete haiN| tIvratara krodha Adi Atma-niyantraNa kI zakti ko chinna-bhinna kara DAlate haiN| tIvra krodha Adi Atma-niyantraNa kI zakti ke uccatama vikAsa meM bAdhaka hote haiN| maMda krodha Adi vyakti ko pUrNa vItarAga nahIM hone dete| cAroM kaSAyoM kI tIvratA ke AdhAra para cAra-cAra bheda haiN| ataH kaSAyoM kI saMkhyA 16 ho jAtI hai| nimna no upa-Avega, upa-kaSAya yA kaSAya-preraka mAne gaye haiM- 1. hAsya, 2. rati, 3. arati, 4. zoka, 5. bhaya, 6. ghRNA, 7. strIveda (puruSa-samparka kI vAsanA), 8. puruSaveda (strI-samparka kI vAsanA); aura 9. napuMsakaveda (donoM ke samparka kI vaasnaa)| isa prakAra kula 25 kaSAyeM haiN| 2 krodha yaha eka mAnasika kintu uttejaka Avega hai| uttejita hote hI vyakti bhAvAviSTa ho jAtA hai| usakI vicAra-kSamatA aura tarka-zakti lagabhaga zithila ho jAtI hai| bhAvAtmaka sthiti meM bar3he hue Avega kI vRtti yuyutsA ko janma detI hai| yuyutsA se amarSa aura amarSa se AkramaNa kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| manovaijJAnikoM ke anusAra krodha aura bhaya meM yahI mukhya antara hai ki krodha ke Avega meM AkramaNa kA aura bhaya ke Avega meM Atma-rakSA kA prayatna hotA hai| jaina-darzana meM sAmAnyatayA krodha ke do rUpa mAnya haiM- 1. dravya-krodha aura 2. bhaav-krodh|' dravya-krodha ko Adhunika manovaijJAnika dRSTi se krodha kA AMgika pakSa kahA jA sakatA hai, jisake kAraNa krodha meM honevAle zArIrika parivartana hote haiN| bhAvakrodha krodha kI mAnasika avasthA hai| krodha kA anubhUtyAtmaka pakSa bhAva-krodha hai, jabaki krodha kA abhivyaktyAtmaka yA 1. tuma anantazakti ke srota ho, pR. 47 2. abhidhAnarAjendra koza, khaNDa 3, pR. 395 3. bhagavatIsUtra, 12/5/2 .

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 13 zarIrAtmaka pakSa dravya-krodha hai / krodha ke vibhinna rUpa haiM / bhagavatIsUtra meM isake dasa samAnArthaka nAma varNita haiM - 1. krodha - Avega kI uttejanAtmaka avasthA, 2. kopa - krodha se utpanna svabhAva kI caMcalatA, 3. doSa- svayaM para yA dUsare para doSa thopanA, 4. roSa - krodha kA parisphuTa rUpa, 5. saMjvalana - jalana yA IrSyA kI bhAvanA, 6. akSamA-aparAdha kSamA na karanA, 7. kalaha anucita bhASaNa karanA, 8. cANDikya-ugrarUpa karanA, 9 . maMDana - hAthApAI karane para utArU honA, 10. vivAda - AkSepAtmaka bhASaNa krnaa| krodha ke prakAra- krodha ke Avega kI tIvratA evaM mandatA ke AdhAra para cAra bheda kie gae haiM, jo isa bhAMti haiM 1. anantAnubaMdhI krodha ( tIvratama krodha ) - patthara meM par3I darAra ke samAna krodha, jo kisI ke prati eka bAra utpanna hone para jIvanaparyanta banA rahe, kabhI samApta na ho / 2. apratyAkhyAnI krodha ( tIvratara krodha ) - sUkhate hue jalAzaya kI bhUmi meM par3I darAra, jaise AgAmI varSA hote hI miTa jAtI hai, vaise hI apratyAkhyAnI krodha eka varSa se adhika sthAI nahIM rahatA aura kisI ke samajhAne se zAnta ho jAtA hai| 3. pratyAkhyAnI krodha ( tIvra krodha ) - bAlU kI rekhA jaise havA ke jhokoM se jaldI hI miTa jAtI hai, vaise hI pratyAkhyAnI krodha cAra mAsa se adhika sthAyI nahIM hotaa| 4. saMjvalana krodha (alpakrodha ) - zIghra hI miTa jAne vAlI pAnI meM khIMcI gayI rekhA ke samAna isa krodha meM sthAyitva nahIM hotA hai / bauddha darzana meM bhI krodha ko lekara vyaktiyoM ke tIna prakAra mAne gaye haiM1. ve vyakti jinakA krodha patthara para khIMcI rekhA ke samAna cirasthAyI hotA hai, 2. ve vyakti jinakA krodha pRthvI para khIMcI huI rekhA ke samAna alpa-sthAyI hotA hai, 3. ve jinakA krodha pAnI para khIMcI rekhA ke samAna asthAyI hotA hai| donoM paramparAoM meM prastuta dRSTAnta - sAmya vizeSa mahattvapUrNa hai / ' mAna (ahaMkAra) ahaMkAra karanA mAna hai / ahaMkAra jAti, kula, bala, aizvarya, sAdhanA, jJAna Adi kisI bhI vizeSatA kA ho sakatA hai| manuSya meM svAbhimAna kI mUla pravRtti 1. aMguttaranikAya, 3 / 130

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 14 . hotI hai, parantu jaba svAbhimAna kI vRtti dambha yA pradarzana kA rUpa le letI hai, taba manuSya apane guNoM evaM yogyatAoM kA bar3he-car3he rUpa meM pradarzana karatA hai aura isa prakAra usake antaHkaraNa meM mAnavRtti kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| abhimAnI manuSya apanI ahaMvRtti kA poSaNa karatA rahatA hai| use apane se bar3hakara yA apanI barAbarI kA guNI vyakti koI dikhatA hI nhiiN| jaina paramparA meM prakArAntara se mAna ke ATha bheda mAnya haiM- 1. jAti mada, 2. kula mada, 3. bala (zakti) mada 4. aizvarya mada, 5. tapa mada, 6. jJAna mada (sUtroM kA jJAna), 7. saundarya mada aura 8. adhikAra (prbhutaa)| mAna ko mada bhI kahA gayA hai| ___ mAna nimna bAraha rUpoM meM prakaTa hotA hai - 1. mAna-apane kisI guNa para ahaMvRtti, 2. mada-ahaMbhAva meM tanmayatA, 3. darpa-uttejanA pUrNa ahaMbhAva, 4. stambha-avinamratA 5. garva-ahaMkAra, 6. atyukroza-apane ko dUsare se zreSTha kahanA, 7. paraparivAda-paranindA, 8. utkarSa-apanA aizvarya prakaTa karanA, 9. apakarSa-dUsaroM ko tuccha samajhanA, 10. unnatanAma-guNI ke sAmane bhI na jhukanA, 11. unnata-dUsaroM ko tuccha samajhanA; aura 12. purnAma-yathocita rUpa se na jhuknaa| ahaMbhAva kI tIvratA aura mandatA ke anusAra mAna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM 1. anaMtAnubandhI mAna-patthara ke khambe ke samAna jo jhukatA nahIM, arthAt jisameM vinayaguNa nAmamAtra ko bhI nahIM hai| 2. apratyAkhyAnI mAna-haDDI ke samAna kaThinatA se jhukane vAlA arthAt jo vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM bAhya dabAva ke kAraNa vinamra ho jAtA hai| 3. pratyAkhyAnI mAna-lakar3I ke samAna prayatna se jhuka jAne vAlA arthAt jisake antara meM vinamratA to hotI hai, lekina jisakA prakaTana vizeSa sthiti meM hI hotA hai| 4. saMjvalana mAna-beMta ke samAna atyanta saralatA se jhuka jAnevAlA arthAt jo Atma-gaurava ko rakhate hue bhI vinamra banA rahatA hai| mAyA kapaTAcAra mAyA kaSAya hai| bhagavatIsUtra ke anusAra isake pandraha nAma haiN| 2- 1. mAyA-kapaTAcAra, 2. upAdhi--Thagane ke uddezya se vyakti ke pAsa jAnA, 3. nikRti-Thagane ke abhiprAya se adhika sammAna denA, 4. valaya-vakratA 1. bhagavatIsUtra, 12/43 2. vahI, 12/24

Page #19
kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 15 pUrNa vacana, 5. gahana-Thagane ke vicAra se atyanta gUr3ha bhASaNa karanA, 6. nUma-Thagane ke hetu nikRSTa kArya karanA, 7. kalka-dUsaroM ko hiMsA ke lie ubhAranA, 8. karUpa-nindita vyavahAra karanA, 9. nihnatA-ThagAI ke lie kArya manda gati se karanA, 10. kilviSika-bhAMDoM ke samAna kuceSTA karanA, 11. AdaraNatA-anicchita kArya bhI apanAnA, 12. gUhanatA-apanI karatUta ko chipAne kA prayatna karanA, 13. vaMcakatA-ThagI; aura 14. prati-kuMcanatA-kiso ke sarala rUpa se kahe gaye vacanoM kA khaNDana karanA, 15. sAtiyoga-uttama vastu meM hIna vastu kI milAvaTa krnaa| ye saba mAyA kI hI vibhinna avasthAe~ haiN| _mAyA ke cAra prakAra- 1. anaMtAnubandhI mAyA (tIvratama kapaTAcAra)-bAMsa kI jar3a ke samAna kuTila, 2. apratyAkhyAnI mAyA (tIvratara kapaTAcAra)-bhaiMsa ke sIMga ke samAna kuTila, 3. pratyAkhyAnI mAyA (tIvra kapaTAcAra)- gomUtra kI dhArA ke samAna kuTila, 4. saMjvalana mAyA (alpakapaTAcAra)-bAMsa ke chilake ke samAna kuttil| lobha mohanIya-karma ke udaya se citta meM utpanna hone vAlI tRSNA yA lAlasA lobha kahalAtI hai| lobha kI solaha avasthAe~ haiM- 1. lobha-saMgraha karane kI vRtti, 2. icchA-abhilASA, 3. mUrchA-tIvra saMgraha-vRtti, 4. kAMkSA-prApta karane kI AzA, 5. gRddhi-Asakti 6. tRSNA-jor3ane kI icchA, vitaraNa kI virodhI vRtti, 7. mithyA-viSayoM kA dhyAna, 8. abhidhyA-nizcaya se Diga jAnA yA caMcalatA, 9. AzaMsanA-iSTa-prApti kI icchA karanA, 10. prArthanA-artha Adi kI yAcanA, 11. lolapanatA-cATukAritA, 12. kAmAzA-kAma kI icchA, 13. bhogAzA-bhogya-padArthoM kI icchA, 14. jIvitAzA-jIvana kI kAmanA, 15. maraNAzA-marane kI kAmanA aura 16. nandirAga-prApta sampatti meM anuraag| __ lobha ke cAra bheda- 1. anaMtAnubandhI lobha-majIThiyA raMga ke samAna jo chUTe nahIM, arthAt atyadhika lobh| 2. apratyAkhyAnI lobha-gAr3I ke pahiye ke augana ke samAna muzkila se chUTane vAlA lobh| 3. pratyAkhyAnI lobha-kIcar3a ke samAna prayatna karane para chUTa jAne vAlA lobh| 4. saMjvalana lobha-haldI ke samAna zIghratA se dUra ho jAne vAlA lobh| 1. bhagavatI sUtra, 15/5/5 2. tulanA kIjie - jIvanavRtti aura mRtyuvRtti (phrAyaDa)

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 16 nokaSAya-nokaSAya zabda do zabdoM ke yoga se banA hai no+kssaay| jainadArzanikoM ne 'no' zabda ko sAhacarya ke artha meM grahaNa kiyA hai| isa prakAra krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha- ina pradhAna kaSAyoM ke sahacArI bhAvoM athavA unakI sahayogI manovRttiyA~ jaina paribhASA meM nokaSAya kahI jAtI haiN| 2 jahA~ pAzcAtya manovijJAna meM kAma-vAsanA ko pramukha mUlavRtti tathA bhaya ko pramukha Avega mAnA gayA hai, vahA~ jaina darzana meM unheM sahacArI kaSAya yA upa-Avega kahA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yahI ho sakatA hai ki jahA~ pAzcAtya vicArakoM ne una para mAtra manovaijJAnika dRSTi se vicAra kiyA hai, vahA~ jaina vicAraNA meM jo mAnasika tathya naitika dRSTi se adhika azubha the, unheM kaSAya kahA gayA hai aura unake sahacArI athavA kAraka manobhAva ko nokaSAya kahA gayA hai| yadyapi manovaijJAnika dRSTi se vicAra karane para nokaSAya ve prAthamika sthitiyA~ haiM, jinase kaSAyeM utpanna hotI haiM, tathApi AvegoM kI tIvratA kI dRSTi se nokaSAya kama tIvra hote haiM, aura kaSAyeM adhika tIvra hotI haiN| inheM kaSAya kA kAraNa bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| jaina granthoM meM inakI saMkhyA 9 (nau) mAnI gaI hai 1. hAsya-sukha yA prasannatA kI abhivyakti hAsya hai| jaina-vicAraNA ke anusAra hAsya kA kAraNa pUrva-karma yA vAsanA-saMskAra hai| yaha mAna kaSAya kA kAraNa hai| 2. zoka-iSTaviyoga aura aniSTayoga se sAmAnya vyakti meM jo manobhAva jAgRta hote haiM, ve zoka kahe jAte haiN| zoka cittavRtti kI vikalatA kA dyotaka hai aura isa prakAra mAnasika samatva ko bhaMga karane vAlA hai| kabhI-kabhI yaha krodha kaSAya meM rUpAntarita ho jAtA hai| 3. rati (ruci)- abhISTa padArthoM para prItibhAva athavA indriya-viSayoM meM citta kI abhiratatA hI rati hai| isake kAraNa hI Asakti evaM lobha kI bhAvanAe~ prabala hotI haiN| 4. arati-indriya-viSayoM meM aruci hI arati hai| aruci kA bhAva hI vikasita hokara ghRNA aura dveSa banatA hai| rAga aura dveSa tathA ruci aura aruci meM pramukha antara yahI hai ki rAga aura dveSa manas kI sakriya avasthAe~ haiM, jabaki 1-2. abhidhAnarAjendra koza, khaNDa 4, pR. 2161 3. vahI, khaNDa 7, pR. 1157 4. vahI, khaNDa 6, pR. 467

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 17 ruci aura aruci niSkriya avasthAe~ haiN| rati aura arati pUrva karma-saMskArajanita svAbhAvika ruci aura aruci kA bhAva hai| 5. ghRNA-ghRNA yA jugupsA aruci kA hI vikasita rUpa hai| aruci aura ghRNA meM kevala mAtrAtmaka antara hI hai| aruci kI apekSA ghRNA meM vizeSatA yaha hai ki aruci meM padArtha-vizeSa ke bhoga kI aruci hotI hai, lekina usakI upasthiti sahya hotI hai, jabaki ghRNA meM usakA bhoga aura usakI upasthiti donoM hI asahya hotI hai| aruci kA vikasita rUpa ghRNA aura ghRNA kA vikasita rUpa dveSa hai| 6. bhaya-kisI vAstavika yA kAlpanika tathya se AtmarakSA ke nimitta baca nikalane kI pravRtti hI bhaya hai| bhaya aura ghRNA meM pramukha antara yaha hai ki ghRNA ke mUla meM dveSa-bhAva rahatA hai, jabaki bhaya meM Atma-rakSaNa kA bhAva prabala hotA hai| ghRNA krodha aura dveSa kA eka rUpa hai, jabaki bhaya lobha yA rAga kI hI eka avasthA hai| jainAgamoM meM bhaya sAta prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai, jaise- (1) ihaloka bhaya-yahA~ loka zabda saMsAra ke artha meM na hokara jAti ke artha meM bhI gRhI hai| svajAti ke prANiyoM se arthAt manuSyoM ke lie manuSyoM se utpanna hone vAlA bhaya, (2) paraloka bhaya-anya jAti ke prANiyoM se hone vAlA bhaya, jaise manuSyoM ke lie pazuoM kA bhaya, (3) AdAna bhaya-dhana kI rakSA ke nimitta cora-DAka Adi bAhya kAraNoM se utpanna bhaya, 4. akasmAta bhaya-bAhya-nimitta ke abhAva meM svakIya kalpanA se nirmita bhaya yA akAraNa bhy| bhaya kA yaha rUpa mAnasika hI hotA hai, jise manovijJAna meM asAmAnya bhaya kahate haiN| 5. AjIvikA bhaya-AjIvikA yA dhanopArjana ke sAdhanoM kI samApti (viccheda) kA bhy| kucha granthoM meM isake sthAna para vedanA-bhaya kA ullekha hai| roga yA pIr3A kA bhaya vedanA bhaya hai| 6. maraNa bhaya-mRtyu kA bhaya ; jaina aura bauddha vicAraNA meM maraNadharmatA kA smaraNa to naitika dRSTi se Avazyaka hai, lekina maraNa bhaya (maraNAzA evaM jIvitAzA) ko naitika dRSTi se anucita mAnA gayA hai| 7. azloka (apayaza) bhaya-mAna-pratiSThA ko Thesa pahu~cane kA bhy|' 7. strIveda-strItva saMbaMdhI kAma-vAsanA arthAt puruSa se saMbhoga kI icchaa| jaina-vicAraNA meM liMga aura veda meM antara kiyA gayA hai| liMga AMgika saMracanA kA pratIka hai, jabaki veda tatsambandhI vAsanAoM kI avasthA hai| yaha Avazyaka 1. zramaNa Avazyaka sUtra-bhayasUtra

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 18 nahIM hai ki strI-liMga hone para strIveda ho hii| jaina-vicAraNA ke anusAra liMga (AMgika racanA) kA kAraNa nAma-karma hai, jabaki veda (vAsanA) kA kAraNa cAritramohanIya-karma hai| 8. puruSaveda-puruSatva sambandhI kAma-vAsanA arthAt strI-saMbhoga kI icchaa| 9. napuMsakaveda-prANI meM strItva sambandhI aura puruSatva sambandhI donoM vAsanAoM kA honA napuMsakaveda kahA jAtA hai| donoM ke saMbhoga kI icchA hI napuMsakaveda hai| ____ kAma-vAsanA kI tIvratA kI dRSTi se jaina-vicArakoM ke anusAra puruSa kI kAma-vAsanA zIghra hI pradIpta ho jAtI hai aura zIghra hI zAnta ho jAtI hai| strI kI kAma-vAsanA derI se pradIpta hotI hai, lekina eka bAra pradIpta ho jAne para kAphI samaya taka zAnta nahIM hotii| napuMsaka kI kAma-vAsanA zIghra pradIpta ho jAtI hai, lekina zAnta derI se hotI hai| isa prakAra bhaya, zoka, ghRNA, hAsya, rati, arati aura kAma-vikAra- ye upa-Avega haiN| ye bhI vyakti ke jIvana ko bahuta prabhAvita karate haiN| krodha Adi kI zakti tIvra hotI hai, isalie ve Avega haiN| ye vyakti kI zArIrika aura mAnasika sthiti ko prabhAvita karane ke atirikta usake Antarika guNoM-samyak dRSTikoNa, Atma-niyantraNa Adi ko bhI prabhAvita karate haiN| bhaya Adi upa-Avega vyakti ke Antarika guNoM ko utanA pratyakSataH prabhAvita nahIM karate, jitanA zArIrika aura mAnasika sthiti ko karate haiN| unakI zakti apekSAkRta kSINa hotI hai, isalie ve upa-Avega kahalAte haiN| kaSAya-jaya-naitika evaM AdhyAtmika pragati kA AdhAra- jaina AcAradarzana ke anusAra ukta 16 AvegoM (kaSAya) aura 9 upa-AvegoM (no-kaSAya) kA sIdhA sambandha vyakti ke caritra se hai| naitika jIvana ke lie ina vAsanAoM evaM AvegoM se Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| jaba taka vyakti inase Upara nahIM uThatA hai, vaha naitika pragati nahIM kara sktaa| guNasthAna ArohaNa meM yaha tathya spaSTa rUpa se varNita hai ki naitika vikAsa kI kisa avasthA meM kitanI kaSAyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai aura kitanI zeSa rahatI haiN| naitikatA kI sarvocca bhUmikA samasta kaSAyoM ke samApta hone para hI prApta hotI hai| 1. jaina sAikolAjI, pR. 131-134 2. tuma ananta zakti ke srota ho, pR. 47

Page #23
kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 19 jaina-sUtroM meM ina cAra pramukha kaSAyoM ko 'caMDAla caukar3I' 'kahA gayA hai| inameM anantAnubandhI Adi jo vibhAga haiM, unako sadaiva dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie aura hamezA yaha prayatna karanA cAhie ki kaSAyoM meM tIvratA na Aye, kyoMki anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke hone para sAdhaka anantakAla taka saMsAra paribhramaNa karatA hai aura samyagdRSTi nahIM bana pAtA hai| yaha janma-maraNa ke roga kI asAdhyAvasthA hai| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya ke hone para sAdhaka, zrAvaka yA gRhastha sAdhaka ke pada se gira jAtA hai| yaha sAdhaka ke AMzika cAritra kA nAza kara detI hai| yaha vikAroM kI duHsAdhyAvasthA hai| isI prakAra pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kI avasthA meM sAdhutva prApta nahIM hotaa| ise vikAroM kI prayatnasAdhyAvasthA kahA jA sakatA hai| sAdhaka ko apane jIvana meM uparyukta tInoM prakAra kI kaSAyoM ko sthAna nahIM denA cAhie, kyoMki isase usakI sAdhanA yA cAritra dharma kA nAza ho jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM, sAdhaka ko apane andara saMjvalana kaSAya ko bhI sthAna nahIM denA cAhie, kyoMki jaba taka citta meM sUkSmatama krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rahate haiM, sAdhaka apane lakSya- nirvANa kI prApti nahIM kara sktaa| saMkSepa meM, anantAnubandhI caukar3I yA kaSAyoM kI tIvratama avasthA yathArtha dRSTikoNa kI upalabdhi meM bAdhaka hai| apratyAkhyAnI caukar3I yA kaSAyoM kI tIvratara avasthA Atma-niyantraNa meM bAdhaka hai| pratyAkhyAnI caukar3I yA kaSAyoM kI tIvra avasthA zramaNa jIvana meM ghAtaka hai| isI prakAra saMjvalana caukar3I yA alpa-kaSAya pUrNa niSkAma yA vItarAga jIvana kI upalabdhi meM bAdhaka hai| isalie sAdhaka ko sUkSmatama kaSAyoM ko bhI dUra karane kA prayatna karanA cAhie, kyoMki inake hone para usakI sAdhanA meM pUrNatA nahIM A sktii| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki Atma-hita cAhane vAlA sAdhaka pApa kI vRddhi karane vAle krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha- ina cAra doSoM ko pUrNatayA chor3a de| naitika jIvana kI sAdhanA karane vAlA inako kyoM chor3a de? isa tarka ke uttara meM dazavaikAlika sUtra meM inakI sAmAjika evaM vaiyaktika sadguNoM kA ghAta karane vAlI prakRti kA bhI vivecana kiyA gayA hai-krodha prIti kA, mAna vinaya (namratA) kA, mAyA mitratA kA aura lobha sabhI sadguNoM kA nAza kara detA hai| AcArya hemacandra kahate haiM ki mAna vinaya, zruta, zIla-sadAcAra evaM trivarga 1. dazavaikAlika, 8/37 2. vahI, 8/38

Page #24
kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 20 kA ghAtaka hai| vaha vivekarUpI netroM ko naSTa karake manuSya ko andhA banA detA hai| krodha jaba utpanna hotA hai to prathama Aga kI taraha usI ko jalAtA hai, jisameM vaha utpanna hotA hai| mAyA, avidyA aura asatya kI janaka hai aura zIlarUpI vRkSa ko naSTa karane meM kulhAr3e ke samAna tathA adhogati kI kAraNa hai| lobha samasta doSoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai, samasta sadguNoM ko nigala jAne vAlA rAkSasa hai, sAre duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa aura dharma tathA kAma-puruSArtha kA bAdhaka hai| yahA~ para vizeSa draSTavya yaha bhI hai ki kaSAyoM meM jahA~ krodha-mAnAdi ko eka yA adhika sadguNoM kA vinAzaka kahA gayA hai, vahA~ lobha ko sarva sadguNoM kA vinAzaka kahA gayA hai| lobha sabhI kaSAyoM meM nikRSTatama isalie hai ki vaha rAgAtmaka hai aura rAga yA Asakti hI samasta asat vRttiyoM kI janaka hai| AcArya mahAprajJa sAmAjika jIvana para hone vAle kaSAyoM ke pariNAmoM kI carcA karate hue likhate haiM ki "hamAre matAnusAra (sAmAjika) sambandha-zuddhi kI kasauTI hai- RjutA, mRdutA, zAnti aura tyAga se samanvita mnovRtti| hara vyakti meM cAra prakAra kI vRttiyA~ (kaSAya) hotI haiM:- 1. saMgraha, 2. Aveza, 3. garva (bar3A mAnanA); aura 4. mAyA (chipaanaa)| cAra vRttiyA~ aura hotI haiN| ve ukta cAra pravRttiyoM kI pratipakSI haiM:- 1. tyAga yA visarjana, 2. zAnti, 3. samAnatA yA mRdutA, 4. RjutA yA spsstttaa| ye donoM prakAra kI pravRttiyA~ vaiyaktika haiM, isalie inheM anaitika aura naitika nahIM kahA jA sktaa| inheM AdhyAtmika (vaiyaktika) doSa aura guNa kahA jA sakatA hai| ina vRttiyoM ke jo pariNAma samAja meM saMkrAnta hote haiM, unheM anaitika aura naitika kahA jA sakatA kaSAya kI vRttiyoM ke pariNAma 1. saMgraha (lobha) kI manovRtti ke pariNAma-zoSaNa, aprAmANikatA, nirapekSa-vyavahAra, krUra-vyavahAra, vishvaasghaat| 2. Aveza (krodha) kI manovRtti ke pariNAma-gAlI-galauja, yuddha, AkramaNa, prahAra, htyaa| 3. garva (apane ko bar3A mAnane) kI manovRtti ke pariNAma-ghRNA, amaitrIpUrNa vyavahAra, kruur-vyvhaar| 4. mAyA (chipAne) kI manovRtti ke pariNAma- avizvAsa, amaitrIpUrNa vyvhaar| 1. yogazAstra, 4/10, 18

Page #25
kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 21 kaSAya jaya ke pariNAma 1. tyAga (visarjana) kI manovRtti ke pariNAma- prAmANikatA, sApekSa vyavahAra, ashossnn| 2. zAnti kI manovRtti ke pariNAma- vAk-saMyama, anAkramaNa, samajhautA, smnvy| 3. samAnatA kI manovRtti ke pariNAma- sApekSa-vyavahAra, prema, mRdu vyvhaar| 4. RjutA kI manovRtti ke pariNAma- maitrIpUrNa vyavahAra, vishvaas| __ ataH Avazyaka hai ki sAmAjika jIvana kI zuddhi ke lie prathama prakAra kI vRttiyoM kA tyAga kara jIvana meM dUsare prakAra kI pratipakSI vRttiyoM ko sthAna diyA jaaye| isa prakAra vaiyaktika aura sAmAjika donoM hI jIvana kI dRSTiyoM se kaSAya-jaya Avazyaka hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai, krodha se AtmA adhogati ko jAtA hai aura mAna se, mAyA se acchI gati (naitika vikAsa) kA pratirodha ho jAtA hai, lobha se isa janma aura agale janma donoM meM hI bhaya prApta hotA hai| jo vyakti yaza, pUjA yA pratiSThA kI kAmanA karatA hai, mAna aura sammAna kI apekSA karatA hai, vaha vyakti apane mAna kI pUrti ke lie aneka prakAra ke pApa-karma karatA hai aura kapaTAcAra kA prazraya letA hai| 3 duSpUrya lobha kI pUrti meM lagA huA vyakti sadaiva hI duHkha uThAyA karatA hai, ata: ina janmamaraNa rUpI vRkSa kA siMcana karane vAlI kaSAyoM kA parityAga kara denA caahie| kaSAya-jaya kaise? - prazna yaha hai ki mAnasika AvegoM (kaSAyoM) para vijaya kaise prApta kI jAye? pahalI bAta yaha ki tIvra kaSAyodaya meM to vivekabuddhi prasupta hI ho jAtI hai, ataH viveka-buddhi se kaSAyoM kA nigraha sambhava nahIM raha jaataa| dUsare icchApUrvaka bhI unakA nirodha sambhava nahIM, kyoMki icchA to svataH unase hI zAsita hone lagatI hai| pAzcAtya dArzanika spInojA (Spinoza) ke anusAra AvegoM kA niyaMtraNa saMkalpoM se bhI saMbhava nahIM, kyoMki saMkalpa to AvegAtmaka svabhAva ke AdhAra para hI banate haiM aura usake hI eka aMga hote haiN|4 tIsare, AvegoM kA nirodha bhI mAnasika svAsthya kI dRSTi se ahitakara 1. naitikatA kA gurutvAkarSaNa, pR. 2 2. uttarAdhyayana, 9/54 3. dazavaikAlika, 5/2/35 4. spInojA ina dI lAITa oNpha vedAnta, pR. 266

Page #26
kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 22 mAnA gayA hai aura unakI kisI na kisI rUpa meM abhivyakti Avazyaka mAnI gayI hai| tIvra AvegoM ke nirodha ke lie to eka hI mArga hai ki unheM unake virodhI AvegoM ke dvArA zithila kiyA jaaye| spInojA kI mAnyatA yahI hai ki koI bhI Avega apane virodhI aura adhika zaktizAlI Avega ke dvArA hI niyaMtrita yA samApta kiyA jA sakatA hai / 1 jaina evaM anya bhAratIya cintakoM ne isa sambandha meM yahI dRSTikoNa apanAyA hai / dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki zAnti se krodha ko mRdutA se mAna ko, saralatA se mAyA ko aura santoSa se lobha ko jItanA cAhie / 2 AcArya kundakunda tathA AcArya hemacandra bhI yahI / kahate haiM / 3 dhammapada meM kahA hai ki akrodha se krodha ko, sAdhutA se asAdhutA ko jIteM tathA kRpaNatA ko dAna se aura mithyA bhASaNa ko satya se parAjita kreN| mahAbhArata meM bhI lagabhaga inhIM zabdoM meM ina vRttiyoM ke Upara vijaya prApta karane kA nirdeza hai / " mahAbhArata aura dhammapada kA yaha zabda - sAmya aura dazavaikAlika evaM dhammapada kA yaha vicAra - sAmya bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| 5 vastutaH kaSAya hI Atma - vikAsa meM bAdhaka hai| kaSAyoM kA naSTa ho jAnA hI bhava-bhramaNa kA aMta hai| eka jainAcArya kA kathana hai- 'kaSAyamuktiH kila muktireva' - kaSAyoM se mukta honA hI vAstavika mukti hai| AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki sAdhaka ko hamezA yahI vicAra karanA cAhie ki maiM na to krodha hU~, na mAna, na mAyA, na lobha hI hU~ arthAt ye merI AtmA ke guNa nahIM haiN| ataeva maiM na to inako karatA hU~, na karavAtA hU~, aura na karane vAloM kA anumodana ( samarthana ) karatA hU~ / isa prakAra kaSAyoM ko vikRti samajhakara sAdhaka zuddha Atma-svarUpa kA cintana karate hue inase dUra hokara zIghra nirvANa prApta kara letA hai, kyoMki ina cAroM doSoM kA tyAga kara dene vAlA pApa nahIM karatA hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha- ina cAra mahAdoSoM ko chor3a dene vAlA maharSi na to pApa karatA hai, na karavAtA hai / " kaSAya-jaya se jIvanamukti ko prApta kara vaha niSkAma jIvana jItA hai| 1. spInojA nIti, 4/7 2. dazavaikAlika, pR. 8/39 3. ( a ) niyamasAra, 115 (ba) yogazAstra, 4 / 23 4. dhammapada, 223 mahAbhArata, udyoga parva - uddhRta dhammapada bhUmikA 6. niyamasAra, 81 7. 5. sUtrakRtAMga, 1/6/26

Page #27
kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 23 ___bauddha darzana aura kaSAya-jaya-dhammapada meM kaSAya zabda kA prayoga do arthoM meM huA hai| eka to usakA jaina-paramparA ke samAna dUSita cittavRtti ke artha meM prayoga huA hai aura dUsare saMnyasta jIvana ke pratIka gerUe vastroM ke artha meN| tathAgata kahate haiM- 'jo vyakti (rAgadveSAdi) kaSAyoM ko chor3e binA kASAya vastroM (gerUe kapar3oM) ko arthAt saMnyAsa dhAraNa karatA hai vaha saMyama ke yathArtha svarUpa se patita vyakti kASAya-vastroM (saMnyAsa mArga) kA adhikArI nahIM hai| lekina jisane kaSAyoM (dUSita cittavRttiyoM) ko vamita kara diyA (taja diyA) hai, vaha saMyama ke yathArtha svarUpa se yukta vyakti kASAya-vastroM (saMnyAsa mArga) kA adhikArI hai'|' bauddha-vicAra meM kaSAya zabda ke antargata kauna-kauna dUSita vRttiyA~ AtI haiM, isakA spaSTa ullekha hameM nahIM miltaa| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ko bauddha-vicAraNA meM dUSita citta-vRtti ke rUpa meM hI mAnA gayA hai aura naitika Adarza kI upalabdhi ke lie unake parityAga kA nirdeza hai| buddha kahate haiM ki krodha ko chor3a do aura abhimAna kA tyAga kara do; samasta saMyojanoM ko tor3a do, jo puruSa nAma tathA rUpa meM Asakta nahIM hotA, lobha nahIM karatA, jo akiMcana hai, usa para klezoM kA AkramaNa nahIM hotaa| jo uThate hue krodha ko usI taraha nigrahita kara letA hai, jaise sArathI ghor3e ko; vahI saccA sArathI hai (naitika jIvana kA saccA sAdhaka hai), zeSa saba to mAtra lagAma pakar3ane vAle haiN| bhikSuo! lobha, dveSa aura moha pApacitta vAle manuSya ko apane bhItara hI utpanna hokara naSTa kara dete haiM jaise kele ke per3a ko usI kA phala (kelaa)| mAyAvI mara kara naraka meM utpanna ho durgati ko prApta hotA hai| 3 suttanipAta meM kahA gayA hai ki jo manuSya jAti, dhana aura gotra kA abhimAna karatA hai aura apane bandhuoM kA apamAna karatA hai, vaha usake parAbhava kA kAraNa hai| jo krodha karatA hai, vairI hai tathA jo mAyAvI hai use vRSala (nIca) jaano| isa prakAra bauddha darzana ina azubha-citta vRttiyoM kA niSedha kara sAdhaka ko inase Upara uThane kA saMdeza detA hai| ___ gItA aura kaSAya-nirodha- yadyapi gItA meM kaSAyoM kA aisA caturvidha vargIkaraNa to nahIM milatA, tathApi kaSAyoM ke rUpa meM jina azubha manovRttiyoM kA citraNa jainAgamoM meM hai, una sabhI azubha manovRttiyoM kA ullekha gItA meM bhI 1. dhammapada, 9-10 4. suttanipAta, 7 / 1 2. saMyuttanikAya, 3 / 3 / 3 5. vahI, 6 / 14 3. vahI, 40 / 13 / 1

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 24 hai| hindU AcAra-darzana meM kaSAya zabda kA azubha manovRttiyoM ke artha meM prayoga virala hI huA hai| chAndogya upaniSad meM kaSAya zabda rAga-dveSa ke artha meM vyavahRta huA hai / ' mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM bhI kaSAya zabda kA prayoga azubha manovRttiyoM ke artha meM huA hai| vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki manuSya jIvana kI tIna sIr3hiyoM arthAt brahmacarya, gRhastha evaM vAnaprastha Azrama meM kaSAyoM ko vijita kara phira saMnyAsa kA anusaraNa kareM / 2 gItA meM kaSAya zabda kA prayoga nahIM hai / phira bhI gItA meM kaSAya- -vRttiyoM kA vivecana hai| gItA kahatI hai ki 'dambha, darpa, mAna, krodha Adi AsurI sampadA hai| ahaMkAra, bala, darpa (mAna), kAma (lobha) aura krodha ke Azrita hokara manuSya apane aura dUsaroM ke zarIra meM sthita paramAtmA ( AtmA ) se dveSa karane vAle hote haiM arthAt mAna, krodha, lobha Adi vikAroM ke vazIbhUta hokara AtmA ke yathArtha svarUpa ko nahIM jAna pAte haiN| yaha kAma, krodha aura lobha AtmA kA nAza karane vAle ( AtmA ko vikArI banAkara usake sva-lakSaNoM ko Avarita karane vAle ) naraka ke dvAra haiN| ataH ina tInoM kA tyAga kara denA caahie| jo ina naraka ke dvAroM se mukta hokara apane kalyANa-mArga kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha paramagati ko prApta karatA hai / 5 isa prakAra krodha, mAna aura lobha - ina tIna kaSAyoM kA vivecana hameM gItA meM mila jAtA hai| gItA meM mAyA zabda kA prayoga to huA hai, lekina jisa nimnastarIya kapaTaTa-vRtti ke artha meM jaina darzana meM usakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, usa artha meM usakA prayoga nahIM huA hai / vahA~ to vaha daivI mAyA ( 7 / 14) hai, phira bhI vaha naitika vikAsa meM bAdhaka avazya mAnI gayI hai| gItA meM kRSNa kahate haiM ki mAyA ke dvArA jinake jJAna kA apaharaNa ho gayA hai, aise AsurI svabhAva se yukta, dUSita karmoM kA AcaraNa karane vAle, manuSyoM meM nIca, mUrkha mujha paramAtmA ko prApta nahIM hote / 6 sArAMza yaha hai ki manovRttiyoM ke cAroM rUpa, jinheM jaina vicAraNA kaSAya kahatI hai, gItA meM bhI nikRSTa mAne gaye haiM aura naitika evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie inakA parityAga karanA Avazyaka hai| gItAkAra kI dRSTi meM jo manuSya isa zarIra ke nAza hone ke pahale hI kAma aura krodha se utpanna AvegoM (saMvegoM ) ko sahana karane meM samartha hai arthAt jo kAma evaM krodha kI bhAvanAoM se Upara 1. chAndogya upaniSad 7 / 26 / 2 mahAbhArata zAMtiparva, 244 | 3 3. gItA, 16 / 4 2. 4. vahI, 16 / 4 5. vahI, 16 / 21-22 6. gItA, 7 / 15

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 25 uTha gayA hai, vahI yogI hai aura vahI sukhI hai| kAma-krodhAdi (kaSAya-vRttiyoM se rahita, vijita-citta evaM vikAra rahita AtmA ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnane vAlA jJAnI puruSa sabhI ora se brahma-nirvANa meM hI nivAsa karatA hai arthAt jIvanamukta ho jAtA hai| ___ isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra-darzanoM meM bhI jainadarzana ke samAna krodha (Aveza), mAna (ahaMkAra), mAyA (chipAne kI vRtti) aura lobha (saMgraha-vRtti) Adi AvegoM ko vaiyaktika AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM sAmAjika sambandhoM kI zuddhi kI dRSTi se anucita mAnA gayA hai| yadi vyakti ina AvegAtmaka manovRttiyoM ko apane jIvana meM sthAna detA hai to eka ora vaiyaktika dRSTi se vaha apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko avaruddha karatA hai aura yathArtha bodha se vaMcita rahatA hai, dUsarI ora usakI ina vRttiyoM ke pariNAma sAmAjika jIvana meM saMkrAnta hokara kramazaH saMgharSa (yuddha), zoSaNa, ghRNA (U~canIca kA bhAva) aura avizvAsa ko utpanna karate haiM jisake pariNAmasvarUpa sAmAjika jIvana-vyavasthA asta-vyasta ho jAtI hai| ataH vaiyaktika-AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura sAmaJjasyapUrNa sAmAjika jIvana praNAlI ke lie AvegAtmaka manovRttiyoM kA tyAga Avazyaka hai aura inake sthAna para inakI pratipakSI zAnti, samAnatA, saralatA (vizvasanIyatA) aura visarjana (tyAga) kI manovRttiyoM ko jIvana meM sthAna denA cAhie tAki vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika jIvana kA vikAsa ho ske| vyakti jaise-jaise ina AvegAtmaka manovRttiyoM se Upara uThatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise usakA vyaktitva paripakva banatA jAtA hai aura jaba ina AvegAtmaka manobhAvoM se pUrNatayA Upara uTha jAtA hai, taba vItarAga, arhat yA jIvanamukta avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai, jo ki naitika jIvana kA sAdhya hai| Adhunika manovijJAna kI dRSTi se ise paripakva vyakti (MATURED PERSONALITY) kI avasthA kahA jA sakatA hai| ___kaSAya evaM hamArA vyaktitva- hamAre vyaktitva kA sIdhA sambandha hamAre kaSAya sambandhI AvegoM se hai| ina AvegoM kI jitanI adhika tIvratA hogI, vyaktitva meM utanI hI adhika asthiratA hogii| vyakti jitanA kaSAyoM yA AvegoM se Upara uThegA, usake vyaktitva meM sthiratA evaM paripakvatA AtI 1. vahI, 5 / 23

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 26 jaayegii| isI prakAra vyakti meM vAsanAtmaka AvegoM (kaSAyoM) kI jitanI adhikatA hogI, naitika dRSTi se usakA vyaktitva utanA hI nimna starIya hogaa| AvegoM (manovRttiyoM) kI tIvratA aura unakI azubhatA donoM hI vyaktitva ko prabhAvita karatI haiN| vastutaH AvegoM meM jitanI adhika tIvratA hogI, utanI vyaktitva meM asthiratA hogI aura vyaktitva meM jitanI adhika asthiratA hogI utanI hI anaitikatA hogii| AvegAtmaka asthiratA anaitikatA kI jananI hai| isa prakAra AvegAtmakatA, naitikatA aura vyaktitva tInoM hI eka-dUsare se jur3e haiN| yahA~ yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki vyakti ke sandarbha meM na kevala AvegoM kI tIvratA para vicAra karanA cAhie varan unakI prazastatA aura aprazastatA para bhI vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| prAcIna kAla se hI vyakti ke AvegoM tathA manobhAvoM ke zubhatva evaM azubhatva kA sambandha hamAre vyaktitva se jor3A gayA hai| AcAra darzana meM vyaktitva ke vargIkaraNa yA zreNI-vibhAjana kA AdhAra vyakti kI prazasta aura aprazasta manovRttiyA~ hI haiN| sAdhvIzrI hemaprajJAzrI jI ke isa zodhakArya ke viSaya cayana se lekara usakI pUrNatA taka kI samasta prakriyA kA maiM sAkSI rahA haiN| sAdhvIzrI jI ne atyanta zramapUrvaka mUla Agama granthoM kA adhyayana evaM avagAhana kara prastuta zodha nibandha ko taiyAra kiyA thaa| isI zodha-prabandha para devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya, indaura dvArA unheM pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi bhI pradAna kI gii| prastuta kRti usI zodhaprabandha kA saMkSipta rUpa hai| ataH pI-eca.DI. ke zodha-prabandha meM jo anAvazyaka vistAra hotA hai, usase yaha kRti mukta hai| saMkSipta hote hue bhI yaha kRti kaSAya siddhAnta ke sArabhUta sabhI pakSoM ko apane meM samAhita karatI hai| apanI hI kRti kA punarlekhana kara use saMkSipta kara pAnA eka kaThina evaM nIrasa kArya hai, isameM zrama ke sAtha-sAtha sAhasa aura sUkSma dRSTi kI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai, anyathA apekSita pakSoM ke chUTa jAne kA bhaya rahatA hai| pUjyA sAdhvI hemaprajJAjI isa zrama aura sAhasa ke lie nizcaya hI sAdhuvAda kI pAtra haiN| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki apanI sahaja saMpreSaNIyatA ke kAraNa prastuta kRti na kevala vidvat jagat meM apitu jana sAdhAraNa meM bhI apanA sthAna banA pAne meM saphala hogii| pUjyA sAdhvIzrI maNiprabhAzrI jI ma.sA. kA Adeza evaM sAdhvIzrI hemaprajJAzrI jI kA Agraha prastuta kRti kI bhUmikA likhane kA nimitta banA aura isa mAdhyama se mujhe isa kRti ke saMkSipta svarUpa ke avalokana kA punaH eka

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 27 avasara milaa| etadartha maiM sAdhvIvaryA-dvaya kA AbhArI huuN| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki pUjyA sAdhvIzrI maNiprabhAzrI jI apanI preraNA evaM zrI hemaprajJAzrI jI apane zrama se aisI anya kRtiyoM kA praNayana karate hue jaina vidyA ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha karatI rheNgii| isI maMgala bhAvanA ke saath| bhAdrapada zukla 5 DaoN. sAgaramala jaina dinAMka : 27.8.98 nidezaka (imeriTasa) pArzvanAtha vidyApITha vArANasI

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prAkkathana 'kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana' sAdhvI zrI hemaprajJAjI kA devI ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya, indaura dvArA pI-eca.DI. kI upAdhi ke nimitta svIkRta eka mahattvapUrNa adhinibandha hai| sAdhvIzrI ko jJAna aura caritra; zraddhA aura niSThA; samyaktva aura sahiSNutA kA jo riktha (uttarAdhikAra meM prApta dhana) marudhara-jyoti sAdhvIzrI maNiprabhAjI tathA unakI divyAvadAnI guruvaryA parama tapasvinI sAdhvI zrI vicakSaNazrIjI meM-se chana kara milA hai, vaha eka durlabha nidhi hai| titikSA kA jo alaukika dhana vicakSaNazrIjI ko sahaja sulabha thA, usane na mAlUma kitanoM ko upakRta kiyA hai aura kitanoM ke jIvana ko apUrva dizAdRSTi dI hai| mRtyu ko amRtatva meM rUpAntarita karane kA jo apUrva rasAyana unake vyaktitva aura unakI mahattama prajJA meM prakaTa huA thA, vaha vaisA/utanA Aja ke saMhanana meM honA camatkAra ke alAvA aura kyA kahalAyegA? itanI soDhavyatA, itanI mahAn sAdhanA, itanI vilakSaNa tapazcaryA ki yama ko bhI natazIza honA par3A, vipadAoM aura saMkaToM ko bhI ghuTane Tekane par3e - praNamya hai| vastutaH unakA vyaktitva kaSAya-jaya kA sarvottama udAharaNa hai; isIlie prastuta zodha-prabandha apane-Apa hI mahattvapUrNa bana gayA hai| kyA eka kaSAya-jayI ke virAT vyaktitva kI zItala varada chA~va meM kaSAya ko z2arrA-z2arrA samajhanA aura usake Agamokta svarUpa ko saphalatApUrvaka pratipAdita karanA svayaM meM eka mahAn upalabdhi nahIM hai? ___mujhe prasannatA hai ki sAdhvIzrI hemaprajJAjI ne apane dAyitva kA apramatta sAvadhAna nirvAha kiyA hai aura kaSAya ke takanIkI svarUpa ko vistAra se vivecita karane meM saphalatA prApta kI hai| prAkRta-grantha paMcasaMgraha (adhi.-1, gAthA-109) meM kaSAya ke svarUpa ko isa taraha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai- suhadukkhaM bahusassaM kammakkhittaM kasei jiivss| saMsAra gadImeraM teNo kasAo ti NaM viti|| - jo krodha ityAdi jIva ke sukha-duHkha rUpa bahuvidha dhAnya ko utpanna karane vAle karmarUpa kheta kA karSaNa karate haiM arthAt use jotate haiM aura jinake lie saMsAra kI cAroM gatiyA~ sarahadI yA meMDha haiM; ve kaSAya haiN| pramukha kaSAyeM haiM : krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ; jinakI tIvratAoM aura mandatAoM ko le kara anekAneka sUkSma bhedopabheda kiye gaye haiN| jaina zAstroM meM kaSAya rAgadveSa kI jo kemisTrI (rasAyana-zAstra) varNita hai; usake svarUpa kI jo gahana samIkSA huI hai, vaisI anyatra upalabdha nahIM hai| jainAcAryoM ne kaSAya ko khojane aura use reze-reze jAnane meM koI kasara nahIM chor3I hai| unhoMne isake bahuvarNI saMjAla ke hara pahalU kI samIkSA kI hai aura isa vighna ko harAne meM svaccha, svastha aura amogha raNanIti apanAyI hai| __ mujhe vizvAsa hai sAdhvIzrI kA yaha puruSArtha kaSAya-saMbandhI khoz2a-paramparA ko Age bar3hAyegA aura una anusaMdhAnakartAoM ke mArga ko prazasta karegA, jo isa sUtra ko Age bar3hAne ke lie utkaNThita haiN| DaoN. nemIcanda jaina indaura : 6 apraila 1998 -saMpAdaka 'tIrthaMkara'

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sva-kathya cittarUpI sAgara meM vividha bhAva-taraMgeM uThatI rahatI haiM; kabhI harSa, kabhI zoka, kabhI kAma, kabhI krodha, kabhI bhaya to kabhI ghRnnaa| kaSAya ke bahuvidha rUpa hamAre manarUpI raMgamaMca para nRtya karate rahate haiN| mUla raMga pA~ca haiM : sapheda, kAlA, pIlA, nIlA, laal| vijJAna ne yaha saMkhyA tIna mAnI hai : nIlA, lAla, piilaa| ina raMgoM se aneka raMgoM kI racanA saMbhava hai| usI prakAra mUlataH kaSAya cAra haiM : krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobh| jhuMjhalAhaTa, cir3acir3AhaTa, IrSyA, dveSa, mada, darpa, chala-prapaMca Adi kaSAya kI vividha avasthAe~ haiN| krodha sva-paradAhaka bhayaMkara agni hai| jisa prakAra diyAsalAI pahale svayaM jalatI hai, phira dUsaroM ko jalAtI hai; ThIka usI prakAra krodhI pahale svayaM azAnta hotA hai, phira dUsaroM para kahara barasAtA hai, gaz2aba DhAtA hai| krodhI vyakti - giratA huA vaha makAna hai, jo svayaM to giratA hI hai; para jisa para giratA hai, use bhI coTa pahu~cAtA hai| krodha duzmana paidA karatA hai, mAna AtmIyatA se vaMcita karatA hai, mAyA vizvAsa ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara DAlatI hai aura lobha anarthoM kI jar3a hai| ina cAroM cittavRttiyoM ko kaSAya saMjJA dI gaI hai| isa kaSAya ke phalasvarUpa parivAra meM azAnti, kalaha, manomAlinya kA vAtAvaraNa banatA hai| samAja meM sAmAjikatA nahIM rhtii| vyApAra meM prAmANikatA nahIM hotii| rASTra meM gRhayuddha, vidroha, saMgharSa, gandI rAjanIti panapatI hai| kASAyika pariNati kA pariNAma vizvayuddha - vibhISikA ke rUpa meM dikhAI detA hai| adhikAralipsA se virodhI deza para aNubama kA prayoga, narasaMhAra tIvratama kaSAya kI hI pariNati hai| jahA~ kaSAya hai, vahA~ karmabandha hai; jahA~ karmabandha hai, vahA~ saMsAra-paribhramaNa hai; jahA~ saMsAra-paribhramaNa hai, vahA~ duHkha, duHkha, bhayaMkara du:kha hai| mukti-patha para calane ke lie dharmaratha ke do pahiye haiM- kaSAya-mandatA aura Atma-ramaNatA! kaSAya ke unmUlana ke lie usake svarUpa kA jJAna atyAvazyaka hai! ataH sahaja hI aise mahattvapUrNa, upayogI aura AtmopakAraka viSaya para zodha kI icchA jAgRta huii| ahilyA vizvavidyAlaya (indaura) se DaoN. dholakiyA ke udAra nirdezana meM kArya prArambha huaa| vidvadvarya DaoN. sAgaramala jaina evaM DaoN. zrI nemIcanda jaina (indaura) kA amUlya samaya aura sahayoga samaya-samaya para milatA rhaa| eka vicAra sAkAra huaa| - pratyakSataH parizrama bhale merA dikhAI detA ho, kintu vastutaH yaha AtmajJAnI sAdhikA karuNAmUrti guruvaryA zrI vicakSaNazrIjI mahArAja sAhaba ke parokSa zubhAzIrvAda

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 30 evaM paramapAvana adhyAtma - gaMgA guruvaryA zrI maNiprabhAzrIjI mahArAja sAhaba kI vipula preraNA evaM asIma kRpA kI hI phalazruti hai| viduSI jyeSThAbhaginI pU. zrI vidyutprabhAzrIjI ma. sA. evaM laghu-gurubhaginIvRnda kA snehamaya sahayoga sadA milatA rahA hai| jaina kokilA evaM vicakSaNa bhAvanA kI racayitrI suzrAvikA zrI bha~varabAI rAmapuriyA kI sahRdayatA evaM pratibhA kA lAbha bhI prApta huA hai| zrI hemanta bAbU zekhAvata ( indaura) evaM zrI mANakacaMdajI DUMgaravAla ( indaura ) ne vizvavidyAlaya sambandhI kAryavAhI sampanna karane meM parizrama kiyA hai / samasta pratyakSa evaM parokSa sahayogiyoM ke prati mere hRdaya meM kRtajJatA hai| mujhe vizvAsa hai, zodha-prabandha meM jo kamiyA~ raha gaI haiM; unheM sudhIjana pUrA kareMge aura zodha ke isa sUtra ko sAtatya pradAna kreNge| zrI vicakSaNamaNicaraNareNu sAdhvI prajJAzrI

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viSaya-sUcI anukramaNikA pRSTha saMkhyA 2. 7-50 51-66 prathama adhyAya - kaSAya kA svarUpa nikSepa apekSA kaSAya chaha anuyogadvAroM meM nayoM kI apekSA kaSAya caturgati meM kaSAya-catuSka kI trtmtaa| dvitIya adhyAya - kaSAya ke bheda rAga aura dveSa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI, pratyAkhyAnI, saMjvalana kaSAya ke solaha bheda kaSAya ke cauMsaTha bhed| tRtIya adhyAya - kaSAya aura karma ATha karma va kaSAya kaSAya kI tIvratA-mandatA se karmasthiti kI nyUnAdhikatA kaSAya aura nokaSAya mohanIya kA anubhAgabandha kaSAya aura nokaSAya mohanIya sambandhita prakRtibandha kaSAya aura nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM ke bandha sthAna kaSAya aura nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM kA pradezabandha kaSAya aura nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM kA sthitibndh| caturtha adhyAya - kaSAya aura guNasthAna caudaha guNasthAna va kaSAya upazama evaM kSapaka zreNI meM kaSAyoM kA upshm-kssy| paMcama adhyAya - kaSAya aura lezyA chaha lezyAoM meM kaSAya kaSAya apekSA lezyA ke bahattara bhed| SaSTha adhyAya - kaSAya aura tattva jIva - svabhAva aura vibhAvadazA ajIva - kaSAya kA phala - karma Asrava - kaSAya kA Agamana bandha - kaSAya kA bandhana 67-74 75-88

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__ kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 32 133-147 saMvara - kaSAya kA saMvaraNa nirjarA - kaSAya kA nigamana mokSa - kssaaymukti| saptama adhyAya - kaSAya-jaya krodha evaM krodha zamana ke sAmAnya upAya mAna evaM mAna-jaya hetu cintana mAyA evaM mAyA-jaya hetu vividha vicAra bindu lobha evaM lobha-jaya hetu cintn| upasaMhAra sandarbha-grantha-sUcI 148-153

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kaSAya kA svarUpa Legion 1. 2. 3. 4. prathama adhyAya janma caturgati punaH zarIradhAraNa saMsAra karma vyAdhi punaH maraNa kaSAya (jar3a) jainAgamoM meM rAga-dveSa, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ityAdi malina cittavRttiyoM ko kaSAya saMjJA dI gaI hai / ' maraNa 'kaSAya' zabda kA prayoga kahIM-kahIM 'kasailepana" ke artha meM huA hai, kintu mukhyataH isakA upayoga krodhAdi bhAvoM ke lie hI huA hai / prAcInatama Agama AcArAMgasUtra meM ina donoM arthoM meM kaSAya zabda prayukta hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM eka sthala para kaTuvacana ke lie bhI 'kaSAya' zabda AyA hai; kintu sAmAnyatayA Agamika evaM dArzanika granthoM meM krodhAdi vRttiyoM ke lie hI 'kaSAya' zabda diyA gayA hai| 'AcArAMgasUtra' kI vRtti meM zIlAMkAcArya ne 'kaSAya' zabda kA artha kiyA hai - 'kaS' arthAt saMsAra, Aya arthAt lAbha saMsAra prApti kA lAbha karAne smvaao| samavAya 41 sUtra - 1 6 / sU. 130 ) 'Na titte, Na kaDue, Na kasAe / ' (AyAro / a. 5 / u 'kasAe payague kiccA / ' (AyAro / a. 8 / u. 6 / sU. 105 ) 'appege paliyaMtesi*** bAlA kasAyavayaNehiM / / ' ( sUtrakRtAMga / a. 3 / u. 1 / gA. 15 )

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana vAlI cittavRtti kaSAya hai / jinabhadragaNi zramAzramaNa ke anusAra- ' 'jisase duHkhoM kI prApti hotI hai, vaha kaSAya hai / ' AcArya nemicandra ( 11vIM zatI) ne 'kaSAya ' zabda kI vyutpatti hiMsArthaka 'kaSa' dhAtu se evaM jotanArthaka 'kRSa vilekhane' dhAtu se banAI hai| hiMsArthaka 'kaSa' dhAtu kI apekSA se jo Atma-sAkSAtkAra, vratapAlana (aMzataH tathA sarvataH ) tathA vItarAgatA prakaTa hone rUpa bhAvoM kA hanana kare, vaha kaSAya hai| isI kA samarthana rAjavArtikakAra ne kiyA hai, 'jo AtmA kA hanana kare, kugati meM le jAe; vaha kaSAya hai / ' jotane ke artha meM kaSAya kI paribhASA hai. -' 'karmarUpI kheta ko jotakara jo sukha - duHkha rUpI dhAnya ko utpanna karatI hai, vaha kaSAya hai / ' nikSepa - apekSA kaSAya 2 1 sAmAnyataH granthoM meM nikSepa ke cAra bheda nirdiSTa haiM; kintu AcArAMgasUtra', vizeSAvazyakabhASya" evaM kasAyapAhuDa cUrNisUtra meM nikSepa kI apekSA 'kaSAya' ke ATha prakAra batAye gaye haiM- ( 1 ) nAma ( 2 ) sthApanA ( 3 ) dravya ( 4 ) utpatti ( 5 ) pratyaya ( 6 ) Adeza (7) rasa (8) bhAva / ( 1 ) nAma kaSAya - kisI bhI vastu yA vyakti kA nAma 'kaSAya' rakha denA, nAma kaSAya hai / ( 2 ) sthApanA kaSAya- - aise citra athavA pratimA kI sthApanA karanA jisakI AkRti meM kaSAya kA bhAva jhalaka rahA ho, sthApanA kaSAya hai| ( 3 ) dravya kaSAya - vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra ne dravya - kaSAya do prakAra kA batAyA hai" - karmadravya kaSAya, no karmadravya kaSAya / 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 - 'kammaM kasa bhavo vA kasamAo siM jao kasAyA tA .. ( vizeSAvazyaka bhASya / gA. 2978 ) 'samyaktvadeza*** ghAtayanti vA kaSAyAH / / ' (gommaTasAra / jI. kA. / adhi. 6 / gA. 283 ) kapAyavedanIyasyo'kaSAya' ityucyate / / ' ( rAjavArtika / a. 2 / sU. 6 ) sukha duHkhasubahasasyaM karmakSetra kRSati kaSAya itImaM buvanti / / ( go. sA. / jI. kA. / adhi. 6 / gA. 282 ) 'NAmaMThavaNA.. kohAiyA cause / ' (AcArAMga sUtra / a. 2 /u. 1 / sU. 190 kI zIlAMkAcAryakRta niryukti ) 10. nAmaMThavaNA... tesimA hoi / / ' ( vizeSA. bhASya / gA. 2980 ) 11. kasAo tAva Nikkhiviyavvo NAmakasAo, ThavaNakasAo, davvakasAo, paccayakasAo*** (kaSAyapAhuDa / cUrNisUtra / a. 1 / gA. 13-14 / sU. 39 ) 12. duviho davvakasAo ( vizeSA / gA. 2981 )

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kaSAya kA svarUpa krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI utpatti meM nimitta banane vAlA cAritra-mohanIya karma tathA krodhAdi bhAvoM se ba~dhane vAlA karma - ye donoM karmadravya kaSAya haiN| kapAya bhAva kA udaya hone para zarIra meM hone vAle parivartana : jaise krodhAvasthA meM mukha tamatamAnA, A~kheM lAla honA, bhRkuTi tananA, nathUne phUlanA, hoMTha phar3aphar3AnA, mAna-kaSAya meM khilakhilAkara ha~sanA, itarAnA Adi kriyAe~ sahaja hotI haiM, ye no karmadravya kaSAya haiN| kasAyapAhuDasUtra meM sarja aura zarISa nAmaka vRkSoM ke kasaile rasa ko dravya kaSAya kahA hai| 13 vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra ne dravya kaSAya kI paribhASA dete hue dravyanikSepa ke svarUpa ko dhyAna meM rakhA hai; kintu kaSAyapAhuDa cUrNisUtra meM dravya kA artha padArtha karate hue vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 4. utpatti kaSAya- vizeSAvazyaka bhASyAnusAra" - jisa dravya athavA jisa kSetra, kAla Adi se kaSAya kI utpatti (udaya) hotI hai; vaha dravya athavA kSetrAdi hI utpatti kaSAya hai| udAharaNArtha, pA~va meM kA~TA cubhane para kA~Te ke prati krodha aayaa| kSetra kI paristhiti ke anusAra bhI kaSAya bhAva utpanna hote haiM- jaise garma pradeza meM zItala peya prApta hone para rAga, zIta pradeza meM uSNa padArtha milane para prasannatA, daladalI rAstA hone para bhaya, kaMTakAkIrNa patha meM kSubdhatA, sundara udyAna-darzana meM lubdhatA prakaTa hotI hai| kAlAnusAra bhAva banate haiM, rAtri meM vizrAma kA lobha, cA~danI rAta meM bhramaNa kI lAlasA utpanna ho jAtI hai| ina kASAyika vRttiyoM ke udaya meM nimittabhUta padArtha, kSetra athavA kAlAdi utpatti kaSAya haiN| sAmAnya mAnasa nimittAdhIna hotA hai| nimittAnusAra vRttiyA~ ubharatI haiN| vItarAgI akaSAyI AtmA kI samatA bhayaMkara upasargoM/parISahoM meM bhI akhaNDita rahatI hai, kintu kaSAya saMskAragrasta vyakti meM sAmAnya-sAmAnya nimittoM, choTIchoTI bAtoM meM kaSAyotpatti ho jAtI hai| kaSAyotpatti meM nimitta rUpa ATha vikalpa kasAyapAhuDa cUrNisUtra meM batAe haiM-15 13. davvakasAo jahA sajjakasAo sirisakasAo (ka.pA./cU.sU./a.1/sA.13-14/sU. 44) 14 khettAi samughattI japtodhamavo kasAyANaM ... (vizeSA./ gA. 2982) 15. evaM jaM paDucca koho samuppajjadi... (ka. pA.) cU. sU. / a. 1 / gA. 13-14 / sU. 57)

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 2 ( ka ) eka vyakti kaSAya, ( kha ) eka vastu kaSAya, ( ga ) aneka vyakti kaSAya, (gha) aneka vastu kaSAya, (ca) eka vyakti aura eka vastu kaSAya, (cha) aneka vyakti aura eka vastu kaSAya, (ja) eka vyakti aura aneka vastu kaSAya, ( jha ) aneka vyakti aura aneka vastu kaSAya / ina ATha vikalpoM ko hama udAharaNoM ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kreNge| ( 5 ) pratyaya kaSAya - kaSAya- utpatti meM do kAraNa hote haiM - bAhya va antaraMga / bAhya nimitta vastu, vyakti, kSetra, kAla, ghaTanA, paristhiti Adi hote haiM tathA antaraMga nimitta mohanIya karma kA udaya hai 1 vizeSAvazyaka " evaM kasAyapAhuDa" meM antaraMga nimitta rUpa mohanIya karma ko pratyaya - kaSAya kahA gayA hai| utpatti-kaSAya aura pratyaya - kaSAya meM antara - sAmAnya dRSTi se donoM meM antara pratIta nahIM hotA; kintu sUkSmatayA donoM bhinna haiN| utpatti - kAya bAhya kAraNabhUta vyakti aura vastuoM ko kaSAya- utpatti meM kAraNa mAnatA hai tathA pratyaya-kAya antaraMga kAraNarUpa karma ko kaSAya - utpatti kA nimitta mAnatA hai| (6) Adeza- kaSAya - 'vizeSAvazyaka'"" ke anusAra - antaraMga meM krodhAdi bhAva na hone para bhI krodhI, abhimAnI Adi kA abhinaya karanA, Adeza- kaSAya hai / jaise - mana meM krodha na hone para bhI kabhI-kabhI mAtA kaThora zabda bola kara udaNDa bacce ko zAnta biThA detI hai| eka sarpa ko saMnyAsI ne zikSA dete hue kahA, 'tuma kisI ko Da~sanA mata, lekina yadi koI tumheM cher3e to phuphakAra se DarA denaa|' yaha Adeza - kaSAya hai / 'kasAyapAhuDa' meM citralikhita roSayukta, bhRkuTi car3hAe hue vyakti kI AkRti ko Adeza-kaSAya kahA gayA hai| yaha paribhASA sthApanA - kaSAya ke samAna hone se upayukta pratIta nahIM hotI / (7) rasa- kaSAya - kasaile rasavAlA dravya rasa- kaSAya kahalAtA hai, jaise harItakI, sarja Adi vanaspati / 20 16. hoi kasAyANaM baMdhakAraNaM... (vizeSA. / gA. 2983 ) 17. paccayakasAo NAma... ( ka. cU. / a. 1 / gA. 13-14 / sU. 45 ) 18. Aesao kasAo (vizeSA. / gA. 2984 ) 19. Adeza kasAeNa jahA citrakamme lihi do koho ... ( ka. cU. / a. 1 / gA. 13-14 / sU. 59 ) 20. rasakasAo nAma kasAyarasaM davvaM (ka. cU. / a. 1 / gA. 13-14 / sU. 65 ) ***

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kaSAya kA svarUpa (8) bhAva-kaSAya- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ityAdi manovikAra bhAvakaSAya kahalAte haiN| inheM chaha anuyogadvAroM meM nayoM ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| chaha anuyogadvAroM meM nayoM kI apekSA bhAva-kaSAya bhAva-kaSAya chaha anuyogadvAra nimnokta haiM-21 (a) nirdeza (ba) svAmitva (sa) sAdhana (da) adhikaraNa (pa) kAla (pha) bhed| _ nirdeza (kaSAya kyA hai? )-naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra nayoM kI apekSA kaSAya karane vAlI AtmA hI kaSAya hai22; kyoMki kaSAya-utpatti meM kAraNa koI bhI bane para upAdAna-rUpa svayaM azuddha AtmA hai| __ zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta nayoM kI apekSA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke bhAva-kaSAya haiN| svAmitva (kaSAya kA svAmI kauna? )-naigama Adi cAra nayoM kI apekSAkaSAya kA svAmI AtmA hai, zabda naya Adi tIna naya kaSAya kA svAmI kaSAya ko mAnate haiN| sAdhana (kaSAya kA kAraNa kyA hai? )- naigama Adi cAra nayoM kI apekSA kaSAya kA kAraNa hai - antaraMga meM cAritramohanIya-karma kA udaya evaM bAhya meM aniSTa vacana, pratikUla bhojana ityaadi| zabda naya Adi tIna nayoM kI apekSA jIva kA azuddha pariNamana kaSAya kA kAraNa hai| ___adhikaraNa (kaSAya kisameM utpanna hotA hai? )- naigama Adi cAra nayoM kI apekSA pratikUlatA athavA anukUlatA rUpa bAhya kAraNoM se kaSAya utpanna hotA hai, ataH bAhya sAmagrI kaSAya kA AdhAra hai| zabda Adi tIna nayoM kI dRSTi se karmayukta AtmA kaSAya kA AdhAra hai| kAla (kaSAya kA samaya)- abhavya jIva kI apekSA anAdi-ananta kAla kaSAya rahatA hai| anAdi se thA tathA anantakAla taka rhegaa| kSapaka zreNI ArUr3ha sAdhakoM kA kaSAya anAdi sAnta hai| anAdikAla se kaSAya thA; kintu zreNI pUrNatA para kaSAya kSaya hotA hai| upazama zreNIcyuta sAdhaka kA kaSAya sAdi-sAnta hotA hai| gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM kaSAyodaya nahIM hotA; kintu zreNI avaroha meM punaH udaya hotA hai| 21. ka. cU. / a. 1 / gA. 13-14/ sU. 72 se 79 22. vhii|

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana caturgati meM kaSAya-catuSka kI kAla taratamatA pratyeka saMsArI AtmA kaSAyasahita hotI hai| eka samaya meM eka kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai, anya tIna kaSAyeM usa samaya sattA meM sthita rahatI haiN| pratyeka kaSAya adhika se adhika antarmuhUrta kAla taka udaya raha sakatI hai ; usake pazcAt bhAva-parivartana avazya ho jAtA hai| 23 __ Agama-sAhitya meM gati kI apekSA kaSAya kI tIvratA ke viSaya meM pratipAdana hai (1) devagati meM lobha kI adhikatA, (2) manuSyagati meM mAna kI bahulatA, (3) tiryaMcagati meM mAyA kI pramukhatA; tathA (4) narakagati meM krodha kI tIvratA hotI hai| devagati meM bhogoM kI bahulatA, yauvana kI mAdakatA, puNya kI prakharatA ke kAraNa anukUlatA banI rahatI hai; ataH bhogecchA rUpa lobha-bhAva kA udaya adhika rahatA hai| mAna, mAyA evaM krodha kI alpatA rahatI hai| manuSya sammAna-priya hotA hai| yaza, pratiSThA ke lie parizrama se kamAe dhana kA lobha tyAga kara detA hai| apayaza kI saMbhAvanA meM AtmaghAta kara letA hai| zakti ke mada meM vyakti svayaM ko mahattvapUrNa samajhatA hai aura anya se mahattva pAnA cAhatA hai| apamAnita hokara susvAdu vyaMjana kI apekSA vaha sasammAna prApta sAdA bhojana ko adhika pasanda karatA hai| yadyapi lobha, mAyA evaM krodha kaSAya sabhI kA udaya hotA rahatA hai; kintu mAna kA udaya vizeSa rahatA hai| tiryaMca gati meM mAyA-kaSAya vizeSa hotI hai| mAyA tiryaMca gati ke bandha kA kAraNa hai| pazu-pakSiyoM ke jIvana meM kSudhA-pUrti ke lie mAyA vizeSa dikhAI detI hai| bagulA machalI pakar3ane ke lie sthira khar3A rahatA hai| billI dUdha pIne kA avasara tAkatI rahatI hai aura maukA pA kara rasoIghara meM ghusa jAtI hai| mAyA ke sAtha-sAtha lobha, mAna evaM krodha kA bhI udaya hotA hai| naraka gati meM kSetrajanya vedanA, paramAdhAmI devoM dvArA pradatta vedanA, kSudhA tuSA, rogAdi kI bhayaMkara pIr3A tathA avadhijJAna vibhaMgajJAna se apane pUrvajanma ke zatruoM ko pahacAnakara dveSa bhAvanA se krodhAgni vizeSa prajjvalita rahatI hai| lobha, mAna evaM mAyA kaSAya kI alpatA rahatI hai| chaha anuyogadvAroM meM antima dvAra kaSAya ke bhedoM kA vivecana agale adhyAya meM hogaa| 23. ka. cU. / a. 2 / gA. 25 / sU. 34-35 kA vizeSArtha

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dvitIya adhyAya kaSAya ke bheda - krodha rAga / lobha mAna mAyA _ 'prazamarati' grantha meM rAga evaM dveSa kaSAya ke do bheda batAe haiM' ; kintu 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM rAga-dveSa kI utpatti Asakti se batAI gaI hai| rAga-dveSa zabdoM kA prayoga Agama sAhitya, AdhyAtmika evaM dArzanika sAhitya meM bhI dikhAI detA hai| ___ anukUla, iSTa aura priya padArthoM ke saMyoga se rAga kI utpatti hotI hai| jisa samaya jo saMyoga iSTa pratIta hotA hai, usa samaya usa saMyoga ke prati rAgabhAva udita hotA hai, vahI saMyoga yadi kisI samaya aniSTa pratIta hone lage to usI ke prati dveSa-bhAva Ane lagatA hai| rAga-bhAva meM taratamatA AtI hai to rAga ke pAtroM meM parivartana hotA hai| isIlie rAga ke aneka rUpa hote haiM- 'prazamarati' meM rAga ke ATha paryAya varNita haiM : 1. icchA-iSTa saMyoga kI caahnaa| 2. kAma-priya-milana kI vizeSa bhaavnaa| 1. prazamarati/ gA. 31 2. duvihA mucchA pannatA... (ThANaM/ sthAna 2/sUtra 432 3. icchAmUrchAkAmaH .... (prazamarati/ gA. 18)

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 3. abhilASA-icchita saMyoga kI tIvratama kaamnaa| 4. abhinanda-manovAMchita pUrNa hone para ati hrss| / 5. sneha-vyakti vizeSa ke prati anuraag| 6. mamatva-vastu yA vyakti ke prati svaamitv| 7. gRddhatA-prApta viSayoM meM saghana lipsaa| 8. mUrchA-mana pasanda viSayoM meM gahana aaskti| Sunny jaise eka hI raMga meM halke gahare rUpa kaI chaviyA~ saMbhava haiM, ThIka vaise hI rAga-bhAva meM bhI rAga kI aneka chaviyA~ (raMgateM) haiN| mukhyataH ve do prakAra kI haiM- (1) azubha-rAga; aura (2) shubh-raag|" __ azubha-rAga (azubhopayoga)-indriya-viSaya tathA krodhAdika kaSAyoM meM tallInatA, sukha-suvidhA ke sAdhanoM meM, sattA sampatti saundarya ke prasAdhanoM meM ramaNatA, kAyA, kAminI, kuTumba meM mugdhatA ityAdi ye azubha-rAga kI hI pariNatiyA~ haiN|" azubha-rAga pApa bandha kA kAraNa hai, ataH sarvathA tyAjya hai| yathAsaMbhava azubha-rAga se bacanA zreyaskara hai| zubha-rAga (zubhopayoga)-zuddhatA ke prati anurAga, zuddhAtma prApti hetu tyAga, tapa, sevA, vratapAlana, prabhu-pUjana Adi zubha kriyAoM ke prati ruci zubharAga hai|' indriya-viSayoM se parAGmukha hokara mana jaba-jaba zubha pravRttiyoM meM tallIna banatA hai, taba-taba puNya-bandha hotA hai| vRtti evaM pravRtti- donoM kI zubhatA meM puNyAnubandhI puNya kA bandha hotA hai| yaha bandha heya nahIM upAdeya hai, yaha sone kI ber3I nahIM mokSa kI sIr3hI hai| rAga-bhAva jaba prabhu paramAtmA meM niSkAma rUpa se kendrita hotA hai; to bhakti kahalAtA hai| ise prazasta-rAga bhI kahA hai| isa tathya se mu~ha nahIM mor3A jA sakatA ki azubha (indriya viSaya, vyasanAdi) meM rahane kI apekSA zubha (prabhu bhakti, sevA, jJAnArjana Adi) meM rahanA zreyaskara hai| zuddha kI apekSA zubha evaM azubha donoM heya haiN| dveSa-prIti kA abhAva evaM apriya vyakti, sthiti yA vastu ke prati antaraMga meM Akroza kA nAma dveSa hai| - 4. pravacanasAra/ gA. 66-69 5. visayakasAogAr3ho (pravacanasAra/gA. 66) 6. devadajadigurupUjAsu (pravacanasAra/gA. 69) 7. samayasAra adhi. 3/gA. 146

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kaSAya ke bheda 'prazamarati' meM dveSa ke ATha bheda batAe haiM - 1. doSa-cittavRtti kA dUSita honaa| 2. asUyA-anya ke guNoM ko sahana na krnaa| 3. pracaNDana-dussaha krodh| 4. matsara-dveSa ke kAraNa yathArtha ko svIkAra na karanA, anya kI yogyatA ko yathocita sammAna nIca denaa| 5. parivAda-dUsaroM ke doSa dekhanA va btaanaa| sAmAnyataH isa vRtti ko nindA kahate haiN| nindA meM apanI zaktiyoM ke prati ahaMkAra evaM dUsaroM ke prati tiraskAra kI bhAvanA hotI hai| 6. roSa-jaba abhimAna ko Thesa lagatI hai, taba roSa kA janma hotA hai| roSa krodha kA rUpAntaraNa hai| 7. IrSyA-kisI kI sampatti, sammAna tathA suvidhA ko dekha jalanA tathA unake nAza hetu durbhAvanA rkhnaa| IrSyAlu, jo usake pAsa nahIM hai usase utanA duHkhI nahIM hotA; balki vaha isalie duHkhI hotA hai ki dUsaroM ke pAsa vaha saba kyoM hai? AcArya rAmacandra zukla ne IrSyA kA vivecana kiyA hai -IrSyA meM kaI bhAvoM kA mizraNa hotA hai| IrSyA eka saMkara bhAva hai, jisakI samprApti Alasya, abhimAna aura nairAzya ke yoga se hotI hai| jaba do bacce kisI khilaune ke lie jhagar3ate haiM, taba kabhI-kabhI aisA dekhA jAtA hai ki eka baccA usa khilaune ko lekara tor3a detA hai, jisase vaha kisI ke kAma nahIM aataa| isase anumAna hotA hai ki usa lar3ake ke mana meM yaha bhAva hotA hai ki cAhe yaha khilaunA mujhe mile yA na mile kintu dUsare ko bhI na mile| isa prakAra IrSyA dveSa kA hI eka rUpa hai| IrSyA meM mAna evaM krodha donoM kI yuti (samanvaya) hai| udAharaNa prApta hotA hai ki rathamardana nagara ke rAjakumAra kanakaratha ne kAverI nagara kI rAjakumArI rukmiNI se vivAha hetu prayANa kiyaa| jaMgala meM naisargika saundaryazAlinI RSidattA se bheMTa hone para mugdha ho kara vivAha-baMdhana meM ba~dha gyaa| rukmiNI ko kumAra ke lauTane kA samAcAra samprApta huaa| krodha se zarIra kA~pane lagA- IrSyA se tana-badana meM jvAlA dahakane lgii| eka SaDyantra rcaa| vidyAsiddha yoginI ko dhana se vaza karake rathamardana nagara bheja diyaa| 8. prazamarati gA. 19 9. cintAmaNi/ bhAga-2/pR. 107 10. naina bahe dina raina AcArya bhadragupta sUrIzvara

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana idhara nagara meM hAhAkAra maca gyaa| pratidina eka nrhtyaa| Azcarya yuvarAjJI RSidattA ke AsapAsa pratidina mA~sa ke Tukar3e aura cehare para khUna ke daag| yoginI ne rAjA hemaratha ko bhramita kara diyA- yaha tumhArI putravadhU, kulIna nArI ke veza meM rAkSasI hai| RSidattA ko zUlI kA daMDa prApta huA; para cANDAla kI dayA se bhAgane kA maukA mila gyaa| punaH rukmiNI se vivAha kA prastAva Ane para kumAra ko bArAta le kara jAnA pdd'aa| prathama rAtri- rukmiNI ne muskarA kara pUchA- nAtha! vaha RSidattA aisI kaisI sundarI thI ki Apa bArAta le kara Ate-Ate punaH lauTa ge| kumAra kI A~khoM meM namI chA gaI- 'rukmiNI! vaha aniMdya sundarI hI nahIM bholI-bhAlI, mRdu svabhAvI, guNoM se dUsaroM ke hRdaya para sAmrAjya sthApita karane meM nipuNa ramaNI thii|' rukmiNI vidrUpatA se ha~sa par3I- 'svAmin! Apa bhale kitane bhI guNa gAe~; para maiMne apane mArga kA kaNTaka sApha kara diyA hai| usa yoginI ko bhejane vAlI maiM hI thI!' dhak raha gayA rAjakumAra! 'aho! tumane IrSyAvaza eka niraparAdha ko mRtyu kI vedI para car3hA diyaa| aba maiM bhI agni-snAna karake mRtyu-varaNa karatA huuN|' IrSyA ne kitane gharoM ko barabAda kiyA hai| jhUThA kalaMka lagAnA, kalaha karanA, dveSa Adi IrSyA kI hI pratidhvaniyA~ haiN| 8. vaira- antaraMga meM krodha kA sthAyitva lenA vaira hai| rAmacandra zukla ne vaira manovRtti kA citraNa kiyA hai| 11 'krodha sabjI hai, vaira acAra-murabbA hai|' jaise sabjI banane ke bAda usI dina usakA upayoga kara bartana sApha kara diyA jAtA hai, vaise hI krodha AtA hai, manomastiSka para chA jAtA hai, vyakti garajatA hai, barasatA hai aura zAnta ho jAtA hai| acAra/murabbe ke upayoga kA samaya lambA hotA hai| kA~ca kI baranI meM bharA murabbA samaya-samaya paraM nikAlA jAtA hai aura svAda liyA jAtA hai| vaise hI vaira ba~dhane ke bAda usa prasaMga, zabda, ghaTanA kI smRti manomastiSka kI paratoM meM gahare taka paiTha jAtI hai aura samaya-samaya para nimitta prasaMga milane para vaha zabda, vaha ghaTanA calacitra kI bhA~ti smRti-paTala para ubharane lagatI hai| vyakti usa apamAna kA pratizodha lene ke lie tar3apane lagatA hai| yaha pratizodha bhAvanA- vaira paramparA viveka na Ane para janmajanmAntara calatI rahatI hai| 11. cintAmaNibhAga-2/ pR. 138

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kaSAya ke bheda pArzvanAtha prabhu evaM kamaTha kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai| pArzvanAtha prabhu ke prati kamaTha kA vaira dasa bhava taka calatA rhaa| 12 / potanapura nagara ke rAjA aravinda the| rAja purohita kamaTha laghubhrAtA marubhUti kI patnI vasundharA kA rUpa-lubdha bana vyabhicArI bana gyaa| jJAta hone para marubhUti ne rAjA se zikAyata kii| kamaTha ko deza-nikAlA daNDa milaa| kruddha kamaTha ne tApasa-veza grahaNa kiyaa| nagara ke bAhara dhUnI ramA kara baiTha gyaa| tapasvI rUpa meM vikhyAta kamaTha ko zraddhA se namana karane hetu marubhUti atIta ko vismRta karake calA aayaa| kamaTha ne pA~voM meM jhukate hI marubhUti ke sira para zilAkhaNDa se prahAra kiyaa| marubhUti tar3apa-tar3apa kara maraNa-zaraNa ho gyaa| __ yaha vRtAnta jJAta hone para rAjA aravinda sAMsArika sambandhoM kI svArthaparatA samajha vairAgya-vAsita ho ge| zramaNa jIvana aMgIkAra kiyaa| avadhijJAna prApta huaa| marubhUti ko hAthI rUpa meM dekha upadeza diyaa| marubhUti samatA-sAdhanA meM sthita haa| kamaTha kI vairAgni prajjvalita rahI- ataH nirantara dasa bhava/jIvana taka vaha marubhUti ke jIva ko dekhane mAtra se krodhita hotA rahA tathA unheM mRtyu ke mukha meM pahu~cAtA rhaa| dasa bhava nimnokta hue.. marubhUti (pArzvanAtha) kamaTha mArane kA sAdhana 1. marubhUti patthara 2. sujAtoru hAthI kukkuTa sarpa 3. sahasrAra (8vA~) devaloka naraka (5vA~) 4. kiraNavega rAjarSi sarpa acyuta (12vA~) devaloka naraka (5vA~) 6. vajranAbha rAjarSi bhIla bANa 7. graiveyaka deva naraka (7vA~) 8. suvarNabAhu cakravartI (muni) siMha AkramaNa prANata (10vA~) devaloka 10. pArzvakumAra tApasa mara kara nAsAgra jala meghamAlI barasAne rUpa upasarga __ marubhUti samatA meM sthita rahate hue pArzvanAtha tIrthaMkara hue; kintu kamaTha kA vaira bhAva dasa bhava taka calatA rhaa| 12. zrI kalpasUtra/ bhadrabAhu svAmI racita kamaTha daMza daza naraka

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12 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana rAga-dveSa evaM krodhAdi kaSAya apane svarUpa kA ajJAna, svayaM kI zarIra rUpa mAnyatA kI bhUla hI saMsAra kI jar3a hai| zarIra ko 'maiM' rUpa mAna kara jIva parivAra, sambandhI Adi ke prati 'merA' bhAva banA letA hai| vyakti jagata ke sAtha-sAtha vastu-jagata ke prati adhikAra sthApita karatA hai| iSTa, manonukUla, vAMchita saMyogoM ko prApta kara abhimAna karatA hai| prApta meM prasannatA rAga bhAva hai, ata: mAna rAga kA eka rUpa hai| yaha ajJAnI jIva apane Apako sarvazreSTha, vilakSaNa dikhAne hetu anekavidha kapaTAcaraNa karatA hai| mAyAvI rUpa se anya ko chala kara harSita hotA hai, ata: mAyA rAga svarUpa hai| paramAtma-tulya yaha AtmA, jo ananta zaktiyoM kA bhaMDAra hai; kintu svayaM kI zaktiyoM se anabhijJa bana kara bhautika-sampadA kI kAmanA karatA hai| sAMsArika sukhoM kI cAhanA, saMgraha meM Asakti hone ke kAraNa lobha rAga kI eka pariNati hai| apanI mAnI huI pratiSThA ko dhakkA lagane para, chala-kapaTa prakaTa hone para athavA svArtha ko Thesa lagane para krodhotpatti hotI hai, vaha krodha dveSa-rUpa hai| AcArAMga meM viSaya ko saMsAra kahA gayA hai| pA~ca indriyoM ke viSaya kaSAyoM ke utpatti sthAna haiN| viSayoM ke kAraNa AtmA azubha bhAva pariNamana karatA hai| viSaya sAmagrI ke AdhAra para abhimAna, use prApta karane ke lie mAyA, usI ko pAne kI cAhanA rUpa lobha tathA viSaya-prApti na hone para krodha karatA hai| naya-dRSTi se rAga-dveSa meM krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA antarbhAva nimna prakAreNa hai naigama evaM saMgraha naya-ina donoM nayoM kI apekSA krodha-mAna dveSa-rUpa tathA mAyA-lobha rAga-rUpa haiN| 13 krodha-paritApa detA hai, vaira ko janma detA hai, durgati meM le jAtA hai, anartha kI jar3a hai, ataH dveSa-rUpa hai| ___ mAna-abhimAnI apane madonmatta vyavahAra ke kAraNa dUsaroM ko apanA zatru banA letA hai, ataH dveSa-rUpa hai| 13. vizeSA./gA. 2969 14. prazamarati/ gA. 26

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kaSAya ke bheda mAyA-kAryasiddhi ke lie hotI hai tathA kAryasiddhi hone para prasannatA hotI hai, ataH rAga-rUpa hai| lobha-isake mUla meM sukha kI kAmanA chipI hotI hai| manovAMchita padArtha ko pA kara sukhAnubhava hotA hai, ata: rAga-rUpa hai| vyavahAra naya-vizeSAvazyakabhASya" evaM kasAyapAhuDa' meM vyavahAra naya kI apekSA krodha, mAna aura mAyA ko dveSa-rUpa evaM lobha ko rAga-rUpa batAyA gayA krodhI evaM mAnI to jagata meM heya dRSTi se dekhe hI jAte haiM; kintu mAyA prakaTa hone para mAyAvI ko bhI sabhI sandeha, avizvAsa evaM ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhate haiN| phalasvarUpa mAyAvI kA citta azAnti evaM duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai, ata: vyavahAra nayApekSA mAyA dveSa-rUpa hai| vyavahAra nayApekSA lobha rAga-rUpa hai, kyoMki parivAra-pAlana evaM jIvananirvAha ke lie dhana-saMgraha kI AvazyakatA hai| ataH padArthoM kI lAlasA se dhanasaMgraha meM tatparatA/parizrama ko jagat meM anucita nahIM mAnA gayA hai| RjusUtra naya-vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM RjusUtra nayApekSA krodha dveSa-rUpa hai tathA mAna, mAyA, lobha prasaMgAnusAra kabhI rAga-rUpa, kabhI dveSa-rUpa hote haiM, kyoMki prastuta naya vartamAnagrAhI hai| jaba paraguNoM meM aprIti ho, anyoM ke prati tiraskAra ho- taba mAna dveSarUpa hai tathA svayaM ke guNoM meM prasannatA ho, to vaha mAna rAga-rUpa hai| paropaghAta karane para mAyA evaM lobha dveSa-rUpa haiM, svazarIra, svajana, svadhana hetu mAyA-lobha rAga-rUpa haiN| kasAyapAhuDa meM lobha ko RjusUtra nayApekSA pUrNataH rAga-rUpa batAyA gayA zabda naya-vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM zabdAdi tIna nayoM kI apekSA mAna, mAyA ko lobha meM antarbhUta kiyA gayA hai| jaba ye sva-upakAra se sambandhita hote haiM taba rAga-rUpa ; kintu jaba ye paraghAtI hote haiM, taba ye dveSa-rUpa hote haiN| 15. vizeSA./ gA. 2970 16. ka. cU./ a. 1/gA. 21/sUtra 89 17. vizeSA. gA. 2971 se 2974 18. ka. cU./ a. 1/gA. 21/sU. 90 19. vizeSA. gA. 2975 me 2977

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14 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana __ kasAyapAhuDa meM zabdAdi nayApekSA cAroM kaSAya ko dveSa-rUpa batAyA gayA hai kyoMki ye saMsAra paribhramaNa ke kAraNa haiN| mAtra lobha kiMcit rAga, kiMcit dveSa- rUpa hai| jaba dharma-sAdhanA kA lobha ho taba vaha rAga-rUpa hai; kyoMki vaha ujjvala bhaviSya nirmAtA hai, kintu sAMsArika viSayoM kA lobha, dveSa-rUpa hai; kyoMki vaha bhava-bhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| uparyukta vivecana ke AdhAra para rAga-dveSa kaSAya ke bheda nirUpita kie gae haiN| kintu samayasAra meM rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAya - donoM meM antara kiyA gayA hai| ___ 'samayasAra'21 meM rAga-dveSa ko cidAbhAsa arthAt caitanya kA vikAra kahA gayA hai- usakA AdhAra Asakti hai tathA kaSAya ko karma kA kAraNa hone ke kAraNa pudgala pariNAma batAyA gayA hai| kaSAya kI utpatti mohanIya-karma se hone ke kAraNa vaha pudgala kA vikAra hai| yaha apekSAtmaka eka kathana hai| niSkarSataH Asakti mUla hai, rAga-dveSa zAkhAe~ tathA kaSAya upazAkhAe~ haiN| prazamarati granthAnusAra kaSAya ke do bheda rAga evaM dveSa haiM; kintu sAmAnyataH kaSAya ke cAra bheda batAye gaye haiN| samavAyAMgasUtra,22 vizeSAvazyakabhASya23 Adi meM kaSAya ke cAra prakAra nimnalikhita haiM1. krodha, 2. mAna, 3. mAyA; aura 4. lobh| (1) krodha krodha eka aisA manovikAra hai, jisake utpanna hone para zArIrika, mAnasika santulana bigar3a jAtA hai| zarIra meM aneka parivartana hote haiM, jaise- cehare kA tamatamAnA, A~kheM lAla honA, bhRkuTi car3hAnA, hoMTha phar3aphar3AnA, nathune phUlanA, jihvA lar3akhar3AnA, vAkya vyavasthA skhalita honA, zarIra asantulita honA ityaadi| yogazAstra" meM AcArya hemacandra ne krodha kA 20. ka. cU./ a. 1/ gA. 21/ sU. 91 21. samayasAra/ gA. 164-165 kI tAtparyavRtti 22. samavAo| samavAya 4/ sUtra-1 23. vizeSA./ gA. 2985 24. yogazAstra/ prakAza 4/ gA. 9

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kaSAya ke bheda 15 svarUpa varNita kiyA hai- krodha zarIra aura mana ko santApa detA hai, krodha vaira kA kAraNa hai, krodha durgati kI pagaDaNDI hai, krodha mokSa sukha meM argalA ke samAna hai| krodha kI bhayaMkaratA upamAoM ke mAdhyama se dharmAmRta (anagAra) 25 meM batAI gayI hai- krodha koI eka apUrva agni hai; kyoMki agni to mAtra deha ko jalAtI hai, para krodha zarIra aura mana donoM ko jalAtA hai| krodha koI eka apUrva andhakAra hai; kyoMki andhakAra mAtra bAhya padArthoM ko dekhane meM bAdhaka hai, kintu krodha to bAhya aura viveka donoM cakSuoM ko banda kara detA hai| krodha koI eka apUrva graha yA bhUta hai; kyoki bhUta to eka janma meM aniSTa karatA hai; lekina krodha janma-janmAntara meM aniSTa karatA hai| krodha se hAni batAte hue, usake aniSTa pariNAma jJAnArNava' meM isa prakAra varNita kie gae haiM- krodha meM sarvaprathama svayaM kA citta azAnta hotA hai, bhAvoM meM kaluSatA chA jAtI hai, viveka-dIpaka bujha jAtA hai| krodhI dUsare ko azAnta kara pAe yA nahIM, para svayaM to jhulasatA hI hai; jaise diyA-salAI dUsare ko jalAe yA nahIM, svayaM to jala hI jAtI hai| krodha manovikAra se sambandhita varNana jaina-zAstroM meM to yatra-tatra-sarvatra dikhAI detA hI hai; kintu jainetara granthoM meM bhI krodha kaSAya se sambandhita vivecana bahutAyata rUpa meM prApta hotA hai| gItA meM zrIkRSNa ne kAma, krodha tathA lobha ko AtmA ke mUla svabhAva kA nAza karane vAlA naraka kA dvAra batAyA hai| krodha-vRtti se hone vAlI hAni kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai28- krodha se mUr3hatA utpanna hotI hai, mUr3hatA se smaraNa-zakti yA sajagatA naSTa ho jAtI hai; smRti ke abhAva meM buddhi arthAt viveka naSTa ho jAtA hai aura buddhi ke nAza se sarvanAza ho jAtA hai| AsurI vRtti rUpa krodha utpatti kA kAraNa batAte hue gItA meM kRSNa ne kahA hai- viSayoM kA cintana karane se viSayoM meM Asakti utpanna ho jAtI hai, Asakti se una viSayoM kI prApti kI kAmanA paidA hotI hai aura una viSayoM kI prApti meM vighna upasthita hone para krodha utpanna hotA hai| jainAgamoM meM bhI kaSAyotpatti kA kAraNa viSaya-kAmanA batAI gaI hai| 25. dharmAmRta aNagAra| a. 6/ zlo. 4 26. jJAnArNava sarga 19/ gA. 6 27. gItA/ a. 16/ zlo. 21 28. gItA/ a. 2/ elo. 63

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16 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana - AcArAMgasUtra meM viSayoM ko saMsAra kahA hai| 29 krodhotpatti meM viSaya paramparAgata kAraNa hai| krodha se sambandhita vivecanA ke antargata bauddha grantha (aMguttaranikAya) meM krodhI manuSya kI upamA sarpa se dI gaI hai| tathAgata buddha ne cAra prakAra ke sarpa batAte hue cAra prakAra ke manuSyoM kA kathana kiyA hai| sarpa ke cAra prakAra(1) viSailA, kintu ghora viSailA nhiiN| (2) ghora viSailA, viSailA nhiiN| (3) viSailA, ghora vissailaa| (4) na viSailA, na ghora vissailaa| isI prakAra manuSya bhI cAra prakAra ke hote haiM(1) zIghra krodhita, kintu krodha kA kAla lambA nhiiN| (2) zIghra krodhita nahIM, kintu Ane para bahuta dera taka krodh| (3) zIghra krodhita tathA krodha kI avadhi bhI lmbii| (4) na zIghra krodhita, na hI adhika samaya taka krodh| itivRttaka' meM mahAtmA buddha ne bhikSuoM ko upadeza dete hue kahA hai-jisa krodha se krodhI durgati ko prApta hote haiM, usa krodha ko yogI chor3a dete haiM, ataH phira kabhI isa saMsAra meM nahIM aate| isalie krodha ko jar3a se ukhAr3a kara pheMka denA caahie| saMyuttanikAya2 meM do-tIna aise prasaMga prApta hote haiM, jinameM tathAgata ko krodha karane kA nimitta prApta huA; kintu unhoMne krodha nahIM kiyaa| yathAbhAradvAja gotrIya vyakti kruddha hokara tathAgata ke pAsa AyA aura prazna kiyA kisakA nAza kara sukha se sotA hai? kisakA nAza kara zoka nahIM karatA? kisa eka dharma kA vadha karanA-he gautama! Apako rucatA hai? tathAgata buddha ne pratyuttara diyA 29. AyAro a. 1/u. 5/sU. 93 30. aMguttara nikAya/dvitIya bhAga/pR. 108-109 31. itivRttaka/pahalA nipAta/pahalA varga/pR. 2 / 32. saMyuta nikAya/pahalA bhAga/anu. - bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapa, bhikSu dharmarakSita/ saMyuta 7, pRSTha 129

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kaSAya ke bheda 17 krodha kA nAza kara sukha se sonA, krodha kA nAza kara zokamukta honA, viSa ke mUlasvarUpa krodha kA vadha karanA-he brAhmaNa! bar3A acchA lagatA hai| isI prakAra kisI vyakti dvArA gAliyA~ dene para bhI ve zAnta bane rahe aura prazna kiyA : 'bhadra! tuma kisI ke pAsa koI vastu le jAo aura vaha svIkAra na kare, to vaha kahA~ rahegI?' usa kruddha vyakti ne jhaMjhalAkara kahA : 'kisake pAsa...? are vaha to mere pAsa hI rahegI!' tathAgata ne bar3I zAnti se uttara diyA- 'bhadra! tumhAre dvArA dI jAne vAlI gAlI maiM svIkAra nahIM krtaa|' / tathAgata buddha hI nahIM samasta mahApuruSoM meM kSamA, samatA, sahiSNutA, akrodha sthiti rahatI hI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ko sAdhanAkAla meM kitane bhayaMkara kaSTa, bahutere upadrava, malina upasarga aura kaThora parISahoM ko sahana karane kA prasaMga banA- hara nimitta meM ve zAnta, avicala samatA meM sthita rhe| manovijJAna meM krodha ko saMvega kahA gayA hai| saMvega utpanna hone kI sthiti meM aneka zArIrika parivartana ghaTita hote haiN| bhaya, krodhAvasthA meM thAirAyaDa glaiNDa (galagranthi) samucita kArya nahIM karatI- jisase svAsthya para pratikUla prabhAva par3atA hai| 34 svacAlita tantrikA tantra kA anukampI tantra krodhAveza meM hRdayagati, rakta pravAha tathA nAr3I kI gati bar3hA detA hai| pAcana kriyA meM vighna AtA hai, rudhira kA dabAva bar3hatA hai tathA eDrInala glaiNDa (adhivRkka granthi) ko uttejita karatA hai| 35 krodha ke pradIpta hone para zakti kA hrAsa hotA hai, UrjA naSTa hotI hai, bala kSINa hotA hai| manovijJAna kI mAnyatA hai- tIna minaTa kiyA gayA tIvra krodha nau ghaMTe kaThora parizrama karane jitanI zakti ko samApta kara detA hai| jaise dina bhara calane vAlI havA se ghara meM utanI miTTI nahIM AtI- jitanI dhUla pA~ca minaTa kI A~dhI meM A jAtI hai| vaise hI pUre dina bhara kI bhAva-dazA se itane karma-paramANu AtmA meM nahIM Ate-jitane pA~ca minaTa ke krodha meM A jAte haiN| krodha-bhAva kI vibhinna pariNatiyoM ke anusAra krodha kI kaI samAnArthaka sthitiyA~ batAI gaI haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM- krodha ke samAnArthaka nAma-samavAyAMgasUtra evaM bhagavatIsUtra" meM krodha ke dasa paryAya prApta hote haiM33. zikSA manovijJAna/pro. giradhArIlAla zrIvAstava pR. 181 34. zArIrika manovijJAna/ ojhA evaM bhArgava pR. 214 35. sAmAnya manovijJAna kI rUparekhA/ DaoN. rAmanAtha zarmA/ pR. 420-421 36. taM jahA - kohe kove rose dose akhamA saMjalaNe. (samavAo/ samavAya 52/ sU. 1) 37. bhagavatIsUtra/ za. 12/ u. 5/ sU. 2

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18 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 1. krodha 2. kopa 3. roSa 4. doSa 5. a-kSamA 6. saMjvalana 7. kalaha 8. cANDikya 9. maMDana 10. vivaad| kasAyapAhuDa meM bhI krodha ke dasa paryAya varNita haiN| jinameM 'cANDikya' evaM 'maMDana' ke sthAna para 'vRddhi' evaM 'jhaMjhA' paryAya upalabdha haiN| 1. krodha-krodhotpatti meM nimittabhUta karma kI sAmAnya saMjJA krodha hai| 2. kopa-saMskRta meM 'kup' dhAtu se bhAva artha meM 'ghaJ' pratyaya jur3a kara kopa zabda kI siddhi hotI hai| abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa meM kopa kAmAgni se utpanna hone vAlI cittavRtti batAI gaI hai| 39 yaha praNaya aura IrSyA se utpanna hotI hai| 'sAhitya darpaNa' ke anusAra prema kI kuTila gati se jo akAraNa kruddha sthiti hotI hai- vaha kopa hai| 'bhagavatI vRtti' ke anuvAdaka ke anusAra krodha ke udaya ko adhika abhivyakta na karanA kopa hai| sAmAnyataH dekhane meM AtA hai- kaI vyakti krodha Ane para vAcika pratikriyA nahIM karate haiM; para cehare kI stabdhatA/bhaMgimA unakI asAmAnya sthiti kA bodha karA detI hai| isalie bolacAla kI bhASA meM kaha diyA jAtA hai- 'kyoM mu~ha phulA rakhA hai? athavA inakA mu~ha sUjA huA hai|' 3. roSa-zIghra zAnta nahIM hone vAlA krodha- roSa hai|" roSa meM mukhamudrA se hone vAlI krodhAbhivyakti lambI avadhi taka banI rahatI hai| isa avasthA meM A~khoM kI lAlimA prakaTa karatI hai ki yaha krodhAvasthA meM hai| 4. doSa-svayaM ko athavA dUsare ko dUSaNa denaa|2 kaI vyakti krodha sthiti meM svayaM para doSa mar3hate rahate haiM- jaise- 'hA~ bhaI! hama to jhUTha bolate haiM?' athavA 'maiMne kyoM kahA? mujhe kyA par3I thI - bIca meM bolane kI!' kaI vyakti krodha kI tIvratA meM apane dveSa-pAtra para jhUThA kalaMka lagA dete haiM, viparIta bolate haiN| ve to sadA pakSapAta karate haiM! apanI choTI bahU ko cupacApa na jAne kyA-kyA dete rahate haiM! kitanA sonA-cA~dI-rupayA de cukehisAba hI nahIM hai|' -isa taraha kI bhASA kA upayoga dveSa rUpI krodhAvasthA meM ho jAtA hai| 38. ka.cU./ a. 9/ gA. 86 kA anuvAda 39. abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa/ bhAga 7/ pR. 106 40. bhagavatIsUtra/ abhayadevasUri vRtti/ za. 12/ u. 5/ sU. 2 41. se 42. vhii|

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kaSAya ke bheda 5. akSamA-dUsare ke aparAdha ko sahana na karanA- akSamA hai|43 isa sthiti meM itanI asahiSNutA hotI hai ki bhUla para turanta daNDa dene kI pravRtti hotI hai| jaise- bacce ne dUdha pIkara gilAsa rAste meM rakha diyA ki turanta thappar3a cA~TA mArane vAle kaI abhibhAvaka hote haiN| jabaki yaha bAta prema se bhI samajhAI jA sakatI hai| 6. saMjvalana-krodha se bAra-bAra AgababUlA honA- saMjvalana hai|" yahA~ 'saMjvalana' kA artha saMjvalana kaSAya se bhinna hai| kaI loga vyatIta ho cuke kSaNoM ko, bIta cuke ghaTanA-prasaMga ko, kisI ke bole gaye zabdoM ko bAra-bAra dimAga meM doharAte rahate haiM aura krodha se bharate rahate haiN| 7. kalaha-krodha meM atyadhika anucita zabdAvalI kA prayoga krnaa| 5 ise sAmAnya rUpa se vAkyuddha kahA jAtA hai| sAmAnya-sAmAnya prasaMgoM meM apane svArtha kI hAni hone para krodhAviSTa ho kara kaI vyakti avivekapUrNa, anargala, uttejaka zabdoM meM bolanA prArambha kara dete haiM- yaha kalaha hai| 8. cANDikya-krodha meM raudrarUpa dhAraNa karanA, sira pITanA, bAla noMcanA, aMga-bhaMga karanA, Atma-hatyA karanA cANDikya krodha kI pariNatiyA~ haiN|6 9. maMDana-daNDa, zastra Adi se yuddha karanA maMDana hai|" cANDikya meM krodhAvasthA meM svayaM ko kaSTa diyA jAtA hai evaM maMDana meM dUsaroM para prahAra hotA hai| mu~hamA~gA daheja na lAne para krodha meM bhara kara kaI bahuoM ko jalA diyA jAtA hai| lUTapATa meM bAdhaka banane para kaI logoM ko luTere golI kA nizAnA banA dete haiN| kaI bAra krodhAveza meM pati, patnI kI hatyA kara detA hai| na jAne kitanI ghaTanAe~ saMsAra meM ghaTita hotI rahatI haiN| 10. vivAda- paraspara viruddha vacanoM kA prayoga krnaa|8 pakSa-vipakSa meM uttejaka vArtAlApa honA vivAda hai| 'kasAyapAhuDa' meM 'vRddhi' evaM 'jhaMjhA' paryAya die haiM-19 1. vRddhi-kalaha, vaira Adi kI vRddhi karane vAlI pravRtti vyavahAra karanAvRddhi hai| jaise apane virodhI ko jAna bUjhakara cir3hAnA Adi! 43. vhii| 44. se 46. bhagavatIsUtra/ abhayadevasUri vRtti/ za. 12/ u. 5/sU. 2 47. se 48. bhagavatIsUtra/ abhayadevasUri vRtti/ za. 12/ u. 5/ sU. 2 49. ka. cU./ a. 9/ gA. 33 kA anuvAda

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 2. jhaMjhA-tIvra saMkleza pariNAma ko jhaMjhA kahA gayA hai| 'AcArAMgasUtra' meM 'jhaMjhA' zabda kA prayoga 'vyAkulatA' ke artha meM huA hai| 50 / / sAhityakAra rAmacandra zukla ne krodha ke anya rUpa batAye haiM-51 (a) cir3acir3AhaTa-krodha kA eka sAmAnya rUpa hai- cidd'cidd'aahtt| citta vyagra hone para, kArya meM vighna upasthita hone para, manonukUla suvidhA prApta na hone para jhallAnA, cir3acir3AnA- krodha kA rUpa hai| (ba) amarSa-kisI apriya sthiti se na baca pAne para kSobhayukta, AvegapUrNa anubhava amarSa hai| ___ isI prakAra krodha ke anya rUpa dRSTigocara hote haiN| kaI loga krodha meM bhojana chor3a dete haiM; kaI krodha meM adhika bhojana kara lete haiN| kaI loga krodhAveza meM tvarita gati se kArya karate haiM, to kaI cupacApa eka kone meM baiTha jAte haiN| kaI krodha meM bolanA chor3a dete haiM, cuppI dhAraNa kara lete haiM, kaI bar3abar3AnA prArambha kara dete haiN| udAharaNa prApta hotA hai- yUnAna ke dArzanika sukarAta jitane zAnta the, patnI utanI hI karkazA thii| pratikUla saMyoga ko prabhu kA upakAra mAna ve zAnti se gRhasthI kI gAr3I calA rahe the| ___ eka dina mitroM ne ghara calane kA ati Agraha kiyA aura manA karane ke uparAnta bhI sAtha ho liye| zaMkita mana se, bhArI kadamoM se sukarAta ghara aae| patnI ko paristhiti se avagata kiyA aura jalapAna bhejane kA Agraha kiyaa| svayaM mitroM ke madhya A baitthe| bAtacIta prArambha ho gii| para zIghra hI vArtAlApa kA krama TUTa gayA; kyoMki kamare ke bhItara se bar3abar3Ane kI dhvani sunAI de rahI thii| mitra ghabarAe- 'bhaiyA! yaha kyA?' sukarAta muskurAe- 'kucha nhiiN'| punaH carcA kA sUtra jur3a gyaa| itane meM pAnI kI bauchAra huI- saba bhIga gae aura cauMka kara dRSTi uThAI! rasoIghara ke dvAra para ghara kI mAlakina bAlTI lie khar3I thii| mejabAna muskurAyA- 'mitro! Azcarya jaisI kyA bAta hai? pahale bAdala garajate haiM aura phira barasate haiN|' ___ krodha bhAva eka hai; kintu usake rUpa-svarUpa, pariNatiyA~ vibhinna dikhAI detI haiN| 50. AyAro/ a. 3/u. 3/ sU. 69 51. cintAmaNi| bhAga-2/ pR. 139

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kaSAya ke bheda krodha kI cAra avasthAe~ sthAnAMgasUtra tathA prajJApanAsUtra53 meM krodha kI cAra avasthAoM kA ullekha 1. Abhoganirvartita, 2. anAbhoganirvatita, 3. upazAnta ; 4. anupshaant| 1. Abhoganirvartita krodha-vRttikAra zrI abhayadevasUri ne 'Abhoga' kA artha jJAna kiyA hai| krodha ke duSpariNAmoM ko jAnate hue bhI krodha karanAAbhoganirvartita krodha hai| AcArya malayagiri ne isakI vyAkhyA bhinna prakAra se kI hai-55 krodha na Ane para bhI aparAdhI ko sabaka dene ke lie krodhapUrNa mudrA banAnAAbhoganirvartita krodha hai| jaise bacce ko bhayabhIta karane ke lie mA~ krodha kA abhinaya karatI hai| 2. anAbhoganirvartita krodha-krodha ke duSpariNAma se anajAna ho kara krodha karanA- anAbhoganivartita krodha hai| AcArya malayagiri ke anusAra-56 Adata se majabUra ho kara lAbha-hAni kA vicAra kie binA akAraNa niSprayojana krodha karanA - anAbhoganirvatita hai| 3. upazAnta krodha- supta krodha saMskAra upazAnta krodha hai| 4. anupazAnta krodha- udaya ko prApta krodha anupazAnta krodha hai| krodhotpatti ke kAraNa- sthAnAMgasUtra meM krodha ko catuH pratiSThita kahA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM-50 (a) Atma-pratiSThita, (ba) para-pratiSThita, (sa) tadubhaya-pratiSThita; (da) aprtisstthit| (a) Atma-pratiSThita (sva-nimitta)- jisa krodhotpatti meM kAraNa svayaM hI ho| jaise hAtha se kA~ca kA gilAsa girA, TUTa gyaa| apanI lAparavAhI para mana kSubdha ho gayA, svayaM ko dhikkArane lgaa| . 52. caubbihe kohe paNNati - taM jahA AbhogaNivvatite, annaabhog| (ThANaM sthAna 4/ u.1/ sU. 88) 53. prajJApanA/pada 14/ malayagiri vRtti/ patra 291 54. Abhogo - jJAnaM tena nirvatito.... (sthAnAMga vRtti/ patra 182) 55. yadA parasyAparAdhaM samyagavabudhya .... (prajJApanA/ pada 14/ malayagiri vRtti patra 291) 56. vhii| 57. caupatiTTite kohe paNNatte, taM jahA- AtapatiTTite..... (ThANaM/sthAna 4/u. 1/ sU. 76)

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (ba) para-pratiSThita (para-nimitta)- jaba anya koI krodhotpatti meM kAraNabhUta ho- jaise karmacArI ke hAtha se ghar3I girane para mAlika ko krodha aayaa| (sa) tadubhaya-pratiSThita (ubhaya-nimitta)- jisa krodha meM kAraNa sva tathA para donoM hoN| jaise karmacArI ke hAtha se gilAsa lete-lete chUTa gayA, gira gayA, TUTa gyaa| karmacArI para krodha isalie AyA- maiMne ThIka se pakar3A nahIM thA aura tumane chor3a diyaa| apane prati krodha isalie ki itane garma dUdha kA gilAsa hAtha meM kyoM lene lagA? meja para kyoM nahIM rakhavA diyaa| '' " (da) apratiSThita-bAhya nimitta nahIM hone para bhI svayameva citta kSubdha hotA rahatA hai, uddhignatA-caMcalatA banI rahatI hai| yaha sthiti antaraMga meM krodhamohanIya-karma ke udaya se banatI hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM anyApekSA bhI krodhotpatti ke cAra kAraNa batAe gae haiM-58 (ka) kSetra-kheta, bhUmi Adi ke nimitta se krodha krnaa| (kha) vastu-ghara, dukAna, pharnIcara Adi ke kAraNa se krodha aanaa| (ga) zarIra-kurUpatA, rugNatA Adi kAraNa se kSubdha honaa| (gha) upAdhi-sAmAnya sAdhana-sAmagrI nimitta kalaha krnaa| sthAnAMgasUtra meM krodhotpatti ke dasa kAraNa batAye gaye haiN| 59 jo nimnokta haiM 1. manojJa zabda, sparza, rasa, rUpa aura gandha kA apaharaNa karane vAle ke prati krodh| 2. amanojJa zabdAdi viSayoM kA saMyoga karAne vAle ke prati krodh| 3. iSTa viSayoM kA apaharaNa dUsaroM ke dvArA karAne vAle ke prati krodh| 4. aniSTa viSayoM kA saMyoga dUsaroM ke dvArA karAne vAle ke prati krodh| 5. priya saMyogoM ke viyoga/ apaharaNa kI saMbhAvanA jisake dvArA hai- usake prati krodh| 6. apriya prANI/ padArthoM kI prApti kI AzaMkA jisake dvArA hai- usake prati krodh| 58. cauhi ThANehiM kodhuppatI sitA - taM jahA khetaM paDuccA, vtthu....|' (ThANaM/ sthAna 4/ u. 1/ sU. 80) 59. dasahi ThANehiM kodhuppatI siyA - taM jahA - mnnunnnnaaii|" (ThANaM/sthAna 10/ sU. 6)

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kaSAya ke bheda mr 7. atIta, Aja yA anAgata meM manonukUla saMyogoM kA apaharaNa jisake dvArA- usake prati krodh| 8. bhUta, vartamAna yA bhaviSya meM jisase amanojJa saMyogoM kI prApti kI saMbhAvanA- usake prati krodh| 9. bhUta, vartamAna yA bhaviSya meM mana pasanda viSayoM kA apaharaNa evaM nApasanda viSayoM kI prApti meM jo kAraNabhUta- usake prati krodh| 10. AcArya, upAdhyAya ke prati samyak/ucita vyavahAra hone para bhI unase pratikUlatA prApta hone para krodh| krodha eka kArya hai, usake kAraNa haiM- mAna, mAyA aura lobh| abhimAna ko Thesa lagane para, mAyA prakaTa hone para athavA lobha AkAMkSA pUrNa na hone para krodha-jvAlAe~ bhabhakane lagatI haiN| nimitta rUpa koI bhI padArtha yA prANI ho; para mUla kAraNa svayaM AtmA kI azuddha pariNati hai| (2) mAna mAna eka aisA manovikAra hai, jo svayaM ko ucca evaM dUsaroM ko nimna samajhane se utpanna hotA sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai 60 'abhimAnI ahaM meM cUra hokara dUsaroM ko parachAIM ke samAna tuccha mAnatA jJAnArNava meM zubhacandrAcArya kA kathana hai - 61 'abhimAnI vinaya kA ullaMghana karatA hai aura svecchAcAra meM pravartana karatA hai|' yogazAstra meM hemacandrAcArya ne mAnajanita hAniyA~ batAI haiM-62 'mAna binaya, zruta aura sadAcAra kA hanana karane vAlA hai| dharma, artha aura kAma kA ghAtaka hai| vivekarUpI cakSu ko naSTa karane vAlA hai| dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM upamA ke mAdhyama se mAna ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai-63 'jaise sUrya ke asta hone para andhakAra vyApta ho jAtA hai aura nizAcara 60. "aNNaM jaNaM passati biMbabhUyaM (sU. kR. / a. 13 / gA.8) 61. karotyuddhatadhIrmAnAdvinayAcAralaghanam (jJAnArNava | sarga 19 / gA. 53) 62. vinaya zrutazIlAnAM trivargasya ca ghAtakaH (yogazAstra | pra. 4 | gA. 12) 63. dharmAmRta anagAra / a. 6 / zlo. 10

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (rAkSasa) bhramaNa karane lagate haiM, usI prakAra vivekarUpI sUrya jaba ahaMkAra rUpI astAcala kI oTa meM lupta ho jAtA hai to mohAndhakAra vyApta ho jAtA hai| rAga-dveSa rUpI nizAcara ghUmane lagate haiM, caurya, vyabhicAra Adi pApa karma panapane lagate haiN| prANI dRSTihIna hokara svacchandatApUrvaka unmArga meM pravartane lagate haiN| mokSamArga prakAzaka meM abhimAnI kA svarUpa batAyA hai ki 'abhimAnI vyakti svayaM ko ucca evaM anya ko nimna pradarzita karane kI icchA rakhatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa vaha anya kI nindA karatA hai, svaprazaMsA hetu vivAhAdi kAryoM meM zakti uparAnta vyaya karatA hai / yadi usakI icchA pUrNa na ho to atyanta santapta hotA hai| santApa kI tIvratA meM kabhI-kabhI viSa-bhakSaNa, agni-snAna Adi se AtmaghAta bhI kara letA hai| ___ mAna kaSAya jIvana ko gahare patana-garta meM dhakelane vAlI eka manovRtti hai| mAna aneka rUpoM meM prakaTa hotA hai, ata: mAna ke samAnArthaka paryAyoM kA varNana AgamoM meM prApta hotA hai| samavAyAMga 5 evaM bhagavatI sUtroM meM mAna ke gyAraha paryAya ullikhita haiM : (1) mAna, (2) mada, (3) darpa, (4) stambha, (5) AtmotkarSa, (6) garva, (7) paraparivAda, (8) utkarSa, (9) apakarSa, (10) unnata, (11) unnaam| zrI abhayadevasUri dvArA bhagavatIsUtra ke vRtti-anuvAda meM ina gyAraha paryAyoM kA artha-nirUpaNa nimna prakAreNa kiyA gayA hai 1. mAna-jisa karma ke udaya se mAna-bhAva utpanna hotA hai - vaha karma hI mAna hai|67 2. mada-zakti kA ahaMkAra mada kahalAtA hai| samavAyAMgasUtra meM mada ke ATha prakAra batAye gaye haiM 6..- (ka) jAti-mada, (kha) kula-mada (ga) rUpa-mada (gha) bala-mada (ca) zruta-mada (cha) tapa-mada (ja) lAbha-mada (jha) aishvry-md| (ka) jAti-mada- mUla meM AtmA kI koI jAti nahIM hai| manuSyoM meM varNavyavasthA (jAtiyA~) karma ke AdhAra para nirmita huI hai| ye jAtiyA~ cAra haiM64. mokSamArga prakAzaka / paM. ToDaramala | pR. 53 65. mANe made dappe thaMbhe (samavAo/samavAya 52 / sUtra 1) 66. bhagavatI sUtra / za. 12 / u. 5 / sU. 3 kI vRtti 67. bhagavatIsUtra | za. 12/ u. 5 / sU. 3 kI vRtti 68. aTTha mayaTNaNA paNNattA, taM jahA - jAtimae, kulamae, balamae, rUvamae, tavamae, suyamae, lAbhamae issriyme|' (samavAo/samavAya 8 / sU. 1)

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kaSAya ke bheda brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, shuudr| yadyapi pratyeka karma yadi phalAkAMkSA rahita anAsakti se kiyA jAe to zreSTha hI hai; kintu mAnava ne ina jAtiyoM meM ucca aura nIca kI avadhAraNA kara lii| ucca kahalAne vAlI jAti meM janma lenA ahaMkAra kA kAraNa banane lagA! isI ahaMkAra ke vazIbhUta hokara kaI ajJAnI jIvoM ne hIna avasthA ko AmantraNa diyaa| harikeza cANDAla ne pUrvajanma meM brAhmaNa jAti meM janma lekara jAti-mada se aisA karmasaMcaya kiyA ki vartamAna bhava meM cANDAla zUdra jAti meM janma huaa| kisI bhI zakti kA bheda kAlAntara meM usa zakti se cyuta kara detA hai| 69 (kha) kula-mada-kula kI vyavasthA naitika maryAdAoM ke pAlana hetu huI thii| kula apane-Apa meM na ucca hotA hai, na niic| para jisa kula meM susaMskAra, sampannatA, viziSTatA hotI hai; jisa kula meM mahAna puruSoM kA janma hotA haivaha kula zreSTha kahalAtA hai| aise kula meM janma mada kA nimitta bana jAtA hai, yadi viveka jJAna na ho to| marIci usa samaya ahaMkAra se nAcane lagA, jaba bharata cakravartI ne use vandana kara kahA- 'tuma bhaviSya meM vAsudeva, cakravartI evaM tIrthaMkara - tInoM pada ke bhoktA bnoge|' marIci vicAra karane lagA - mere dAdA tIrthaMkara, mere pitA cakravartI aura maiM zreSThAtizreSTha tIna padavI prApta kruuNgaa| aho! hamArA kula kitanA uttama hai|' isa kulamada ke pariNAmasvarUpa marIci ko mahAvIra ke bhava meM nimna kula meM devAnandA kI kukSi meM avatarita honA pdd'aa| 70 (ga) rUpa-mada-zArIrika vaibhava milanA alaga bAta hai aura usa rUpa kI cakAcauMdha meM andhA na bananA alaga bAta hai| deha kA lAvaNya, saundarya bAhyAtmA ko madonmatta banA detA hai aura usa rUpa kI rauzanI meM use saba sAmAnya nimna dikhAI dete haiN| sanatkumAra cakravartI " ke rUpa kI prazaMsA indra ne jaba sabhA meM kI; taba do deva rUpa-parivartana kara dharA para A phuNce| sanatkumAra snAna hetu samupasthita the ki paricAraka ne kahA, 'prabho! brAhmaNa-dvaya Apake darzanotsuka haiN|' 'Ane do' kA Adeza prApta hote hI do brAhmaNoM ne A~gana meM praveza liyaa| sanatkumAra kI 69. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 70. zrI kalpasUtra | mahAvIra prabhu ke sattAisa bhava 71. yogazAstra | hemacandrAcArya

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana rUpa-mAdhurI kA pAna karake 'vAha-vAha' bola utthe| "rAjana ! devarAja indra se jaisA zravaNa kiyA thA, usase kahIM adhika hai - ApakA saundry|" brAhmaNa ke isa kathana para sanatkumAra garvonmatta ho uThe - o ho! Apa hamArA saundarya nihArane Ae haiM? he vipro! abhI kyA dekhate ho? jaba vastrAbhUSaNoM se susajjita hokara sabhA meM hamArA Agamana ho - taba ina A~khoM ko khulI rkhnaa| cakravartI rUpa-mada se chalachalAte jaba rAjasabhA meM praviSTa hue; taba donoM brAhmaNa ko dekha garva bharI ha~sI ha~sa par3e- 'kaho! Apa mauna kyoM haiM? brAhmaNa rUpadhArI devoM ke cehare para mlAnatA chA gaI - 'rAjana! aba usa sundaratA meM dImaka laga cukI hai| Apako vizvAsa na ho to svarNapAtra meM thUka kara dekha lIjie - kitane kIr3e kulabulA rahe haiM?' cakravartI deha-nazvaratA ke cintana meM kho ge| vairAgya patha ke pathika bane! (gha) bala-mada-pratyeka manuSya kI apanI-apanI zArIrika saMracanA hotI hai| kisI kI deha sugaThita, baliSTha hotI hai, kisI kI deha nirbl| apane zaurya, parAkrama kA ahaMkAra karanA bala-mada hai| itihAsa meM anekoM aise udAharaNa milate haiM jinhoMne apane bala ke mada meM nirdoSa-niraparAdhoM para kahara barasA die| samrATa azoka 2 ne kaliMga yuddha meM bastiyoM ko zmazAna banA diyA thA, raNakSetra meM lAzoM ke Dhera lage the, khUna kI nadiyA~ baha calI thiiN| apanI vijaya para harSollAsa se unmatta bane samrATa azoka ko jaba bhikSu upagupta ne raNakSetra kA dRzya dikhAyA to unakA hRdaya pazcAttApa se bhara utthaa| A~kheM nama ho gaIM, sira glAni se jhuka gyaa| apane bala kA upayoga janahAni nahIM, janahita ke lie karane kA saMkalpa kiyaa| (ca) zruta-mada-AtmA ananta jJAnAdi guNoM se sampanna hai| pratyeka AtmA meM triloka evaM trikAlajJAtA banane kI zakti chipI hai| isa Atmazakti ko vismRta kara jaba alpajJAna meM adhikatA kA bodha ho jAtA hai, to mAna ko naSTa karane meM samartha jJAna hI mAna kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI 2 vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, nyAyazAstra Adi saba zAstroM kA adhyayana kara SaTdarzana ke pAragAmI bne| kAzI meM vidyAbhyAsa kara 72. kathA-saMgraha 73. priyadarzI yazasvI sitAre

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kaSAya ke bheda 27 pA~ca sau paNDitoM ko vAda meM parAjita kiyaa| zabda vidyA kI vizAlatA, buddhi kI prabalatA, tarkazakti kI prakharatA, vaktRtva-kalA meM vAcAlatA Adi aneka bAhya zaktiyoM ke bala prApta hone para garviSTha bana ge| pravacana sabhA meM apane zakti pradarzana rUpa pA~ca-pA~ca dhvajA apane samakSa rakhate the| eka bAra eka bahana vaMdanArtha aaii| vaMdanA kara pUchA- 'eka prazna kA uttara deMge?' 'kaho!' - upAdhyAya jI ne khaa| vaha bahana kahane lagI- 'gautama svAmI kitane vidvAn the|' yazovijayajI kA gaMbhIra svara gUMja uThA - ve to mahAvidvAn the| ve jJAna ke sindhu the, hama to bindu bhI nahIM haiN| AgantukA ne hAtha jor3akara namra nivedana kiyA-'prabho! phira ve apanI vyAkhyAna-sabhA meM kitanI dhvajAe~ rakhate the?' sahaja bhASA meM kie gae isa prazna ne zrI yazovijayajI ko jhakajhora diyaa| unheM apane ahaMkAra kA bodha huaa| (cha) tapa-mada-tapa apUrva kalpavRkSa hai, mokSa sukha kI prApti isakA phala hai| deva, manuSya, indra yA cakravartI kI RddhiyA~ usake puSpa ke samAna hai| upazama rasa usakA makaranda (yA sugandha) hai| jo tapa agni ke samAna jIva rUpI svarNa para se karmarUpa gAr3ha maila ko tatkAla dUra kara detA hai - aise tapa kA Alambana lekara bhI kaI jIva abhimAnI ho jAte haiN| tapa kA mada hone para ve anya jIvoM kA tiraskAra kara dete haiN| kuragaDu muni " sAdhanArata the| ve samatA kI pagaDaNDiyoM para car3hate hae gantavya ke nikaTa pahu~ca rahe the; kintu bAhya tapa aMgIkAra karane meM zArIrika dRSTi se samartha nahIM the| ataH saMvatsarI jaise parvadivasa meM bhI AhAra lene hetu jAte the| eka varSa jaise hI parva dina AyA - muni ghar3A bhara jitanA cAvala kA AhAra lekara Ae aura maryAdA ke anusAra sabhI muniyoM ko AhAra ke lie nimantrita kiyaa| mAsakSamaNa tapasvI muni-vRnda tapasyA ke ahaMkAra se grasta thA! eka muni ne kruddha hokara AhAra para thUkate hue kahA- 'dhik! saMvatsarI ko bhI khAne baiTha ge|' isa tiraskAra se bhI muni kuragaDu vicalita nahIM hue| __ apitu muni ke thUka ko ghI mAnakara cAvala meM milA liyA - vicAra karane lage - aho! tapasvI muni kA prasAda prApta huA hai| maiM to adhama, pAmara, tuccha prANI hU~ - AhAralubdha jIva hU~ - ataH eka dina ke lie bhI AhAra tyAga nahIM kara paataa| samatA ke bala se muni usI samaya kevalajJAnI bne| 74. kathA saMgraha

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (ja) lAbha - mada - puNya yoga jaba prabala hotA hai, taba paga-paga para saphalatA kI vijayamAlA milatI hai| kaI labdhiyA~, RddhiyA~, siddhiyA~ caraNa-cumbana karatI haiN| tattvajJAna kA abhAva aneka bAra aisI sthiti meM madonmatta banA detA hai| 28 subhUma cakravartI 75 SaTkhaNDAdhipati the / cakravartI padabhoktA, caudaha ratnoM ke svAmI - subhUma ko atula sampadA prApta hone para bhI santoSa nahIM thA / saptama khaNDa vijaya kI bhAvanA balavatI banane lagI / deva vANI se inkAra hone para bhI vijayonmAda meM kadama bar3ha cale / athAha jalarAzi para tairatA devAdhiSThita jalayAna acAnaka eka deva ke mana meM vicAra AyA - yadi maiM kucha kSaNoM ke lie apanA sthAna chor3a dU~ to kyA hAni hai ? yahI vicAra una samasta devoM ke mana meM usI samaya AyA jinhoMne jahAja saMbhAlA huA thA / devoM ke jahAja se haTate hI vaha jalayAna sAgara kI atala gaharAI meM jA pahu~cA aura sAtaveM khaNDa kI vijaya kA svapna lie subhUma cakravartI agalI jIvana-yAtrA para cala pdd'aa| - (jha) aizvarya - mada - 'maiM atula vaibhava sampanna hU~' aisA abhimAna aizvarya mada kahalAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA nagara ke bAhara padArpaNa huA thA / udyAnapAlaka ne nRpati ko jJApita kiyA / 76 rAjA dazArNabhadra 5 vizAla parivAra ke sAtha prabhu darzanArtha mahala se cala pdd'e| kitane hAthI, ghor3e, ratha, senA, janamedinI pRthvIpati dazArNabhadra kA sira garva se unnata ho gyaa| mastiSka meM eka vicAra umar3ane lagA - 'mere jaise aizvaryayukta hokara prabhu vandanA ke lie kauna jAtA hogA ? ' - sAtha hI garvonnata rAjA kI A~kheM devarAja indra ne dazArNabhadra kA vizAla julUsa dekhA; para zira bhI dekhA / tatkAla indra apanI vyavasthA lekara cala pdd'e| AkAza-maNDala se Ate indra ke parivAra evaM vyavasthA para pdd'ii| vismaya - vimugdha ho gae- "kaisA adbhuta vimAna! haz2AroM hAthI ! eka-eka airAvata hAthI kI ATha-ATha sU~Da ! pratyeka sU~Da para virAT kamala ! kamala kI karNikAoM para nRtya karatI apsarAe~!" dazArNabhadra kA ceharA nisteja ho gayA / ahaMkAra barpha kI taraha galane lgaa| abhimAna ke bAdala bikhara ge| aizvarya kA nazA utara gayA / bhautikatA kA raMga ur3a gayA aura saMyama raMga meM mana raMga gyaa| prabhu caraNoM meM dIkSita hue| 75. kathA-saMgraha 76. sAmAyika sUtra

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kaSAya ke bheda (3) darpa - garva meM cUra hokara duSTatA kA paricaya denA, darpa hai| (4) stambha - jhUThI akar3a meM tane rahanA, jhukanA nahIM stambha mAna hai| kasAyapAhuDa meM anargala yA yadvA tadvA vacanAlApa ko stambha kahA gayA hai| (5) AtmotkarSa - apanI vidvatA, vibhUti yA khyAti kI uccatA kA bhAva ! ( 6 ) garva - zakti kA ahaMkAra / (7) paraparivAda - para - doSa kathana, nindA - paraparivAda kahalAtA hai| (8) utkarSa - apanI Rddhi kA pradarzana 'utkarSa mAna' hai| ( 9 ) apakarSa - abhimAnapUrvaka hiMsaka pravRtti meM saMlagna honA athavA anya kisI ko usa kriyA meM pravRtta krnaa| (10) unnata - mAnavaza nIti kA tyAga karake anIti krnaa| ( 11 ) unnAma - vandanIya ko vandana na karanA, namaskAra karane vAle ko prati namaskAra nahIM karanA / 77 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM mAna kA paryAya durnAma batAyA gayA hai|' ( a ) durnAma - vandanIya ko abhimAna, anicchA evaM avidhi se vandana karanA / 29 kasA pAhuDa sUtra meM mAna ke dasa paryAya ullikhita haiM" - mAna, mada, darpa stambha, utkarSa, prakarSa, samutkarSa, AtmotkarSa, paribhava, utsikt| ina dasa paryAyoM meM cAra paryAya 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM nirdiSTa paryAyoM se bhinna haiM / jo nimnalikhita haiM (ka) prakarSa - apanI vidvatA, vibhUti athavA khyAti ko prakaTa karanA / (kha) samutkarSa - utkarSa aura prakarSa ke lie samucita puruSArtha karanA / (ga) paribhava-dUsare kA tiraskAra yA apamAna / (gha) utsikta - AtmotkarSa se uddhata yA garvayukta honA / sthAnAMga evaM prajJApanA sUtroM meM mAna kI cAra avasthAe~ dI gaI haiN| usakI utpatti ke cAra kAraNa batAe gae haiM, jo krodha kI cAra avasthAoM evaM krodhotpatti ke kAraNoM ke samAna haiN| ataH yahA~ hama unakA alaga vivecana nahIM kreNge| 77. 78. bhagavatIsUtra / za. 12 / u 5 / sU. 3 kI vRtti ka. cU. / a. 9 / gA. 87 kA hindI anuvAda

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30 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (3) mAyA mAyA-kaSAya kuTilatA kA bodhaka hai| dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM mAyAdI kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai- 'jo mana meM hotA hai, vaha kahatA nahIM hai; jo kahatA hai, vaha karatA nahIM hai - vaha mAyAvI hotA hai|' vastutaH mAyAvI zahada lagI usa churI ke samAna hai, jo mRdu vyavahAra se vizvAsa jagAkara vizvAsaghAta karatA hai| vaha svArthasiddhi meM catura, chala-kapaTa kA Azraya lekara hara prakAra kA svAMga bharane meM catura hotA hai| antataH bheda khulane para vaha kisI kA vizvAsapAtra nahIM rahatA hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA hai| mAyAvI aura pramAdI bAra-bAra janma letA hai, usakA saMsAra-paribhramaNa kabhI samApta nahIM hotaa| kitanI bhI sAdhanA ho, para yadi mAyA-kaSAya kRza nahIM huA to sampUrNa sAdhanA nirarthaka hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM mAyA se hone vAlI hAniyoM kA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai| kahA gayA hai- jo mAyA-kaSAya se yukta hai, vaha bhale hI nagna-nirvastra rahe, ghora tapa se kRza hokara vicaraNa kare, eka-eka mAsa kA lagAtAra upavAsa kare, to bhI anantakAla taka vaha garbhavAsa meM AtA hai arthAt usakA janma-maraNa samApta nahIM hotaa| yogazAstra-isa mAyA kA Azraya kabhI nahIM lenA cAhie, kyoMki ye asatya kI jananI, zIlavRkSa ko kATane vAlI kulhAr3I, mithyAtva aura ajJAna kI janmabhUmi tathA durgati kA kAraNa hai| 82 jJAnArNava- yaha mAyA avidyA kI bhUmi, apayaza kA ghara, pApakarma kA vizAla garta tathA mokSa mArga kI avarodhaka hai| 83 mokSamArga prakAzaka- isa mAyA-kaSAya se vazIbhUta huA jIva - nAnAvidha kapaTa vacana bolatA hai, prANAntaka saMbhAvanA hone para bhI chala karatA hai aura yadi 79. yo vAcA svamapi svAntaM... (dharmA./ a.6 / gA. 19) 80. mAI pamAI puNareha gabha (AyAro | a. 3 / u. 1 / sU. 14) 81. je iha mAyAi mijjaDa, AgaMtA gabbhAya NaMta so| (sU. kR. / a. 2 / u. 1/gA. 9) 82. asUnRtasya jananI (yo. zA. / pra. 4/ gA. 14) 83. jJAnArNava/ sarga 19

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kaSAya ke bheda chala dvArA kAryasiddhi na ho to svayaM bahuta saMtapta hotA hai| mAyA mahAdoSa hai| isase nivRtti kA upAya DhU~r3hanA caahie|" mAyA ke bahatere raMga aura DhaMga hote haiN| samavAyAMgasUtra meM mAyA ke satraha paryAya batAye haiN| ye haiM- mAyA, upadhi, nikRti, valaya, gahana, nyavama, kalka, kurUka, dambha, kUTa, jimha, kilviSitA, anAcaraNatA, gRhanatA, vaMcanatA, parikuMcanatA aura saatiyog| bhagavatIsUtra meM mAyA ke pandraha samAnArthaka diye gae haiN| 6 'samavAyAMga' meM diye satraha paryAyoM meM se daMbha evaM kUTa ko 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM nahIM liyA gayA hai| ina paryAyoM kA artha nimnokta hai1. mAyA-mAyA kA bhAva utpanna karane vAlA krm| 87 2. upadhi-Thagane ke lie samIpa jAne kA bhaav| 8 3. nikRti-Adara-satkAra se vizvAsa jamAkara vizvAsaghAta krnaa| 4. valaya-jaba vacana aura vyavahAra meM valaya sama vakratA ho| 5. gahana-Thagane ke lie zabda jAla kI rcnaa|| 6. nyavama-nIcatA kA Azraya lekara tthgnaa| 92 7. kalka-hiMsAdi pApa-bhAvoM se tthgnaa| 93 8. kurUka-nindita rItipUrvaka moha utpanna karake tthgnaa| 4 9. dambha-zakti ke abhAva meM svayaM ko zaktimAna maannaa| 5 10. kUTa-asatya ko satya btaanaa| 96 11. jimha-ThagI ke abhiprAya se kuTilatA kA aalmbn| 97 12. kilviSi-mAyA prerita hokara kilviSI jaisI nimna pravRtti krnaa| 4 13. anAcaraNatA-Thagane ke lie vividha kriyAe~ krnaa| bhagavatIsUtra meM anAcaraNa nahIM, AdaraNatA zabda prayoga huA hai| 14. gRhanatA-mukhauTA lagAkara tthgnaa| 15. vaMcanatA-chala-prapaMca krnaa| 101 84. mokSamArga prakAzaka paM. ToDaramala | pR. 23 85. mAyA u vahI niyaDo valae (samavAo/ samavAya 52/ sUtra1) 86. bhagavatIsUtra/ za. 12/ u. 5/ sU. 4) / 87. se 98. / bhagavatIsUtra/ za. 12/ u. 5/ sU. 4 99. se 101. bhagavatIsUtra | za. 12 / u. 5 / sU. 4

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3 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 16. parikuMcanatA-kisI ke sahaja uccArita zabdoM kA khaNDana karanA, viparIta artha lagAnA yA anartha krnaa| 102 17. sAtiyoga-uttama padArtha meM hIna padArtha kA saMyoga krnaa| jise Ajakala milAvaTa kahA jAtA hai| 103 'kasAyapAhuDa'04 meM diye mAyA ke gyAraha paryAyoM meM se inameM se kucha samAna haiM va kucha bhinna haiN| bhinna paryAya ye haiM (1) anRjutA-yaha valaya kA samAnArthaka hai| (2) grahaNa-anya ke manonukUla padArthoM ko svayaM grahaNa kara lenaa| (3) manojJamArgaNa-kisI kI gupta abhiprAya jAnane kI cessttaa| (4) kuhaka-uparyukta varNita 'kurUka' zabda se isakI sAmyatA hai| (5) channa-gupta prayoga athavA vishvaasghaat| mAyA ke vibhinna rUpoM ke darzana ina paryAyoM meM hote haiN| mukhyataH hRdaya kI vakratA kA nAma mAyA hai| jisa AtmA meM mAyA/vakratA hai; usa AtmA meM dharma Tika nahIM sktaa| jaise baMjarabhUmi meM boyA bIja niSphala jAtA hai, malina cAdara para car3hAyA kesariyA raMga vyartha ho jAtA hai, namaka lage bartana meM dUdha vikRta ho jAtA hai, Ubar3a-khAbar3a dIvAra para citra ke raMga va tUlikA kA kArya rUpa citra nahIM bana pAtA hai; ThIka vaise hI mAyAvI kA kiyA gayA dharma-kArya bhI saphala nahIM ho pAtA hai| zAstroM meM lakSmaNA sAdhvI evaM rukmI sAdhvI kA udAharaNa prApta hotA hai| sAmAnya-sI mAyA bhI anantakAlIna bhavabhramaNa kA hetu bana gii| lakSmaNA'5 sAdhvI ne eka bAra cakravAka evaM cakravAkI kI praNaya-kriyA ko kucha kSaNoM taka dhyAna se dekhaa| hRdaya meM vAsanA ke supta saMskAra jAgRta ho ge| vikAra-bhAvoM meM mana bahatA rhaa| kucha dera meM vicAroM se ubarane ke bAda mana ko eka jhaTakA lagA-'aho! maiM kahA~ kho gaI thii| saMyamI jIvana meM aise vicAra kyA zobhAspada haiM? mujhase kitanA jaghanya aparAdha huA hai| aba isakA kyA pariNAma mujhe bhoganA hogA? kyoM na maiM prAyazcita kI agni se Atmadeva ko pavitra kara luuN|' 102. se 103. bhagavatIsUtra | za. 12 / u. 5 / sU. 4 104. se 105. ka. cU./ a. 9/ gA. 88

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kaSAya ke bheda sh - guru caraNoM meM vinamra aMjalibaddha praNAma ke uparAnta lakSmaNA ne manda svara meM prazna kiyA- 'he pUjyA! kisI pakSI-yugala kI vAsanAtmaka kriyA dekha yadi vikAra-pariNAma Ae to kyA prAyazcita karanA cAhie?' guru ne gaMbhIratA se pratiprazna kiyA-'yaha prAyazcita kise lenA hai?' lakSmaNA ke mAthe para pasIne kI bUMdeM jhilamilA utthii| pApa ko svIkAra karane kA sAhasa vaha juTA nahIM pAI! sahasA mukha se bola phUTa par3e- 'kisI ne yaha prazna karane ke lie mujhe kahA hai|' basa saba samApta ho gyaa| mAyA ne prAyazcita karane ke uparAnta prAyazcita nahIM hone diyaa| dIrghakAlika tapasyA bhI pApa ke dAga dho nahIM pAI aura vaha mAyA anaMta saMsAra kA kAraNa bana gii| rukmI rAjakumArI pitA kI mRtyu pazcAt rAjasiMhAsana para AsIna huii| rukmI ke brahmacarya kI khyAti dUra-sudUra dezoM taka phailatI gii| eka dina rAjasabhA meM eka rAjakumAra rukmI ke darzanArtha AyA- kucha dera ThaharA aura apane mArga para calA gyaa| varSoM bIta gye| rukmI kA mana rAjya-vaibhava se haTakara Atma-vaibhava pAne ke lie tar3apa utthaa| sAdhvI jIvana aMgIkAra kiyaa| sAdhanA prakhara banatI gii| eka dina AcArya bhagavanta ke samakSa muni-maNDala evaM sAdhvI-maMDala samupasthita thaa| kaI zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ AcAryazrI se apane pApoM kI AlocanA rUpa prAyazcita grahaNa kara rahe the| acAnaka AcAryazrI ne rukmI sAdhvI para dRSTipAta kiyA aura pUcha liyA- 'he AryA! Apako prAyazcita lenA hai? rukmI ne sahaja- saumyatA se kahA- 'nahIM bhagavan! AcArya kI dRSTi meM atIta parata-dara-parata ughar3ane lagA thaa| unhoMne punaH kahA-'smaraNa karo! jaba tuma rAjakumArI thii| rAjasiMhAsana para AsIna thI aura eka rAjakumAra tumhAre darzana kI bhAvanA se AyA thaa|' rukmI muskurAI-'prabho! yAda hai|' AcArya phira atIta meM khIMca le gae-'phira kyA yaha bhI yAda hai ki tumane vikAramaya kaTAkSa dRSTi se usa rAjakumAra para dRSTi-nipAta kiyA thA?' rukmI cauMka pdd'ii| o ho! kyA vahI kumAra- ye AcArya haiM? pA~voM tale dharatI khisakane lgii| A~khoM ke Age andhakAra chAne lgaa| jisa akhaNDa brahmacarya kI khyAti dUra-sudUra vyApta thI- usa para kAlimA kA dAga dikhAI dene lgaa| para mana pApa svIkAra kI sthiti ke lie taiyAra nahIM huaa| mAyA ne apanA A~cala phailA diyaa| 106. kathA-saMgraha

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ___ rukmI ne sahaja hone kA prayAsa karate hue kahA- 'bhagavan ! vaha kaTAkSa mAtra ApakI parIkSA hetu thaa|' AcArya mauna ho ge| para zAstra kahate haiM- rukmI sAdhvI kA pApa mApha nahIM huaa| mAyA ne usa pApa kI jar3oM ko itanA gaharA kara diyA ki janma-janmAntara meM ukhAr3anA kaThina ho gyaa| aisA hai yaha maayaakssaay| (4) lobha ___lobha eka aisI manovRtti hai, jisake vazIbhUta ho pApoM kI daladala meM pA~va dharane ke lie bhI vyakti taiyAra ho jAtA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM lobha ko AmiSAvarta kahA gayA hai| 10 jisa prakAra mAMsa ke lie giddha Adi pakSI cakkara kATate haiM, usI prakAra lobhI manuSya iSTa padArthoM kI prApti ke lie udyamazIla rahatA hai| lekina usake bAda bhI prApti kyA? AcArAMgasUtra meM varNana hai-108 sukha kI kAmanA karane vAlA lobhI bArabAra duHkha ko prApta karatA hai| yogazAstra meM lobha kaSAya ko jJAnAdi guNoM kA kSaya karane vAlA, duHkha rUpI bela kI jar3a rUpa tathA kAma dharma-mokSa puruSArtha meM bAdhaka pratipAdita kiyA prazamarati meM lobha ko saba vinAzoM kA AdhAra, saba vyasanoM kA rAjamArga batAyA hai| 110 jJAnArNava meM lobha ko anartha kA mUla, pApa kA bApa kahA hai| 11 dharmAmRta (anagAra) meM batAyA hai- 112 isa kaSAya se pIr3ita vyakti apane svAmI, guru, parijanoM, asahAyoM ko bhI niHzaMka mauta ke ghATa utAra detA hai| 107. AmisAvatasamANe lobhe (ThANaM/sthAna 4/u. 4/ sU. 653) 108. suhaTThI lAlappabhANe saeNa dukkheNa mUDhe vippariyAsamuveti... (AyAro/ a. 2/ u. 6/ sU. 151) 109. Akara : sarvadoSANAM (yo. zA./pra. 4/ gA. 18) 110. sarva vinAzAzrayiNaH... (pra. ra./ gA. 29) 111. svAmigurubandhuvRddhAna (jJA./ sarga. 19/ gA. 70) 112. tAvatkIya. (a.dha./ a. 6/ gA. 27) -

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kaSAya ke bheda dUsaroM kA hI zatru nahIM; apane prANoM kA bhI duzmana bana jAtA hai / icchApUrti ke lie sneha-sambandhoM ko tor3a detA hai| manuSya taba taka hI mitratA kA pAlana karatA hai, cAritra bala meM vRddhi karatA hai, AzritoM kA samyak rIti se poSaNa karatA hai, jaba taka vaha isa kaSAya ke vazIbhUta na ho| mokSamArga prakAzaka meM batAyA hai- 113 lobha ke kAraNa jIva kitanA udyama karatA hai, kitane kaSTa sahana karatA hai, maraNAntaka pIr3A sahana karatA hai| vastutaH pA~coM indriyoM ke viSaya evaM mAna kaSAya kI pUrti kI lAlasA - lobha hai| vinimaya kA eka sAdhana dhana hai / viSayabhoga ke sAdhanoM kI prApti dhana dvArA hotI hai; ataH vyakti dhana prApti ke lie daur3a lagAtA hai| cintAmaNi meM 'lobha' saMbaMdhita vicArAtmaka nibandha meM uddhRta lobha ke do ugra lakSaNa batAye haiM- 114 ( 1 ) asantoSa ; aura ( 2 ) anya vRttiyoM kA damana / jaba lobha bahuta bar3ha jAtA hai taba prApta meM santoSa nahIM hotA aura adhika pAne kI cAhanA banI rahatI hai| aisI sthiti meM mAna-apamAna, karuNA-dayA, nyAya-anyAya to bhUla hI jAtA hai; kintu kaI bAra kSudhA tRSA, nidrA-vizrAma, sukha bhoga kI icchA bhI dabA letA hai| samavAyAMgasUtra meM lobha ke caudaha paryAya batAye haiM- 15 lobha, icchA, mUrcchA, kAMkSA, gRddhi, tRSNA, bhidhyA, abhidhyA, kAmAzA, bhogAzA, jIvitAzA, maraNAzA, nandI evaM rAga / bhagavatIsUtra meM ina caudaha paryAyoM ke atirikta tIna anya paryAyeM bhI diye haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM- 116 AzaMsana, prArthana, lAlapana / 'samavAyAMgasUtra' meM naMdI evaM rAga ko bhinnabhinna rUpoM meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai evaM 'bhagavatIsUtra' meM naMdI - rAga eka hI paryAya batAyA gayA hai| bhagavatIsUtra kI abhayadevasUri vRtti anusAra ina paryAyoM kI nimna vyAkhyA hai 1. lobha - jisa karma ke nimitta se lobha - pariNAma ho / 113. mokSamArga prakAzaka / pR. 53 114. cintAmaNi/ bhAga 2 / pR. 83 115. lobhe icchA mucchA kaMkhA gehI.... ( samavAo / samavAya 52 / sU. 1 ) 116. ahaM bhaMte / lobhe icchA mucchA.... ( bhagavatIsUtra / za. 12 / u. 5 / sU. 5) 35

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 2. icchA-iSTa prApti kI bhaavnaa| 3. mUrchA-icchita vastu kI adamya abhilaassaa| 4. kAMkSA-aprApta kI icchaa| 5. gRddhi-apanI vastu meM aaskti| 6. tRSNA-apane adhikAra kI vastu ko vyaya na karane kI icchaa| 7. bhidhyA-ekAgratApUrvaka viSayoM kA adhyayana yA dhyaan| 8. AzaMsana-snehiyoM ke prati shubhkaamnaa| 9. prArthana-anya se iSTa artha kI yaacnaa| 10. lAlapana-dUsaroM se bArambAra prArthanA krnaa| 11. kAmAzA-zabda rUpa Adi indriya viSayoM kI aashaa| 12. bhogAzA-gandha, rasa Adi bhogoM kI kaamnaa| 13. jIvitAzA-jIne kI icchaa| 14. maraNAzA-nirAzA meM marane kI caahnaa| 15. nandIrAga-prApta sampatti para raag| kasAyapAhuDa meM bIsa paryAyeM batAyI gayI haiM-110 kAma, rAga, nidAna, chanda, stava, preya, doSa, sneha, anurAga, AzA, icchA, mUrchA, gRddhi, sAzatA, prArthanA, lAlasA, avirati, tRSNA, vidyaa| samavAyAMga evaM bhagavatIsUtra meM die lobha ke paryAya evaM kasAyapAhuDa meM die paryAyoM meM tIna-cAra paryAyoM meM sAmyatA hai- anya bhinna haiN| kasAyapAhuDa meM ullikhita paryAyoM kI nimna vyAkhyA hai 1. kAma-strI, putra Adi kI abhilaassaa| 2. raag-vissyaaskti| 3. nidAna-janmAntara sambandhI sNklp| 4. chanda-manonukUla vezabhUSA meM vicaarnnaa| 5. stava-vividha viSayoM kI abhilASA rUpa cintn| 6. preya-priya vastu prApti hetu utkaTa bhaav| 7. doSa-IrSyAgrasta ho parigraha-bahulatA kI icchaa| 8. sneha-priya vastu vyakti ke vicAra meM ekaagrtaa| 9. anuraag-snehaadhikytaa| 117. kAmo rAga NidANo.... (ka. cU./ a. 9/ gA. 89)

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kaSAya ke bheda 10. AzA - avidyamAna padArtha kI AkAMkSA / 11. icchA - parigraha-abhilASA / 12. mUrcchA - saMgraha meM gAr3ha Asakti / 13. gRddhi - parigraha - vRddhi hetu ati tRSNA / 14. sAzatA - pratispardhA / 15. prArthanA- dhana prApti kI atIva kAmanA / 16. lAlasA - abhIpsita saMyoga hetu cAhanA / 17. avirati - parigraha tyAga ke bhAva kA abhAva / 18. tRSNA - viSaya - pipAsA / 19. vidyA-pUrva saMskAravaza jisakA nirantara anubhava ho / 20. jihvA - uttamottama bhogopabhoga sAmagrI ke lie jihvA lapalapAnA / sthAnAMga evaM prajJApanAsUtra meM krodha ke samAna lobha kI bhI cAra avasthAe~ evaM unakI utpatti ke cAra kAraNa batAye haiM / vastutaH lobha kA mUla icchA hai| uttarAdhyayana meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vacana hai- 'icchA hu AgAsa- samA aNaMtiyA' icchA AkAza ke samAna ananta hai / sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA hai- cAra sthAna kabhI pUrNa nahIM hote / ( 1 ) samudra - gaMgA-yamunA jaisI aneka mahAnadiyoM dvArA nirantara anekoM Tana jala die jAne para bhI vaha kabhI inkAra nahIM karatA / ( 2 ) zmazAna - asaMkhya bAla, vRddha, yuvA, strI, cakravartI vAsudeva Adi antima ghar3I vahA~ pahu~ce, phira bhI vaha rikta hI hai / ( 3 ) peTa - subaha nAztA kiyA, madhyAhna bhojana liyA, saMdhyA punaH bhojana liyA, yaha krama pratidina hone para bhI peTa khAlI kA khAlI hai| (4) tRSNA- peTa kA gaDDhA AdhA sera anAja DAlane para eka bAra to bhara jAtA hai aura do-cAra ghaNTe saMtoSa dhAraNa ho jAtA hai; kintu tRSNA kA gahvara kitanA virAT hai- sone aura cA~dI ke kailAza parvata kI taraha asaMkhya parvata bhI kisI lobhI ko de die jAe~ to bhI paryApta nahIM / uttarAdhyayanasUtra udAharaNa AtA hai-' - 118 kapila brAhmaNa vidyAbhyAsa ke lie gurukula meM rahane gyaa| guru ne kahA- 'vatsa! tumhAre nivAsa evaM adhyayana kI vyavasthA Azrama meM saMbhAvita hai; kintu bhojana vyavasthA hetu kisI sadgRhastha ko nirdeza denA hogaa| kisI zreSThI ke ghara kapila pratidina bhojana hetu jAne lgaa| gRhastha ne 118. uttarAdhyayana sUtra -- / a. 8 37

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38 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana udAratApUrvaka unakI vyavasthA kara dii| eka dAsI kapila ko roja AhAra parosatI thii| usake yauvana, lAvaNya, caMcalatA ne kapila kA mana AkarSita kara liyaa| kapila kI ora dAsI kA bhI mana khiMca gyaa| donoM praNaya-bandhana meM ba~dha ge| vasantotsava kA dina thaa| nagara ke nara-nArI saja-dhaja kara sRSTi-saundarya ke pAna hetu udyAna-bhramaNa kiyA karate the| dAsI kA mana bhI macala utthaa| nArI kA mana vastra, AbhUSaNa se zRMgArita hone kI bhAvanA! kapila ke samakSa icchA jAhira kI aura eka mArga bhI sujhA diyaa| rAjA pratidina prathama AzIrvAda dene vAle brAhmaNa ko do mAzA svarNa diyA karatA hai- vaha Apako lAnA hai| __rAtri kA smy| karavaTa badalate samaya bIta rahA thaa| A~khoM meM nidrA nahIM thii| arddharAtri ko hI brahmamuhUrta mAna kara kapila cala pdd'aa| nagara rakSakoM dvArA kapila ko hirAsata meM lekara kArAgAra meM DAla diyA gyaa| prAtaH jaba rAjasabhA meM narapati samakSa upasthita kiyA; taba kapila ne apanI sArI paristhiti se rAjA ko avagata kiyaa| nRpati muskurA die- 'he vipra! do mAzA hI nahIM, tumhArI icchAnurUpa dhana tumheM prApta hogaa| kaho! kitanA cAhie?' kapila kSaNa bhara stabdha raha gyaa| pazcAt svastha hokara kahA- 'rAjana! mujhe vicAra ke lie samaya apekSita hai|' rAjavATikA ke madhya vicArAdhIna kapila ke mana meM vicAra sAgara kI taraMgoM kI taraha TakarA rahe haiN| kitanA mA~ganA? do mAzA, nahIM! 100 svarNa mudrA? nahIM! 1000 svarNa mudrA? nahIM! 1 lAkha svarNa mudrA? nahIM, nahIM!! AdhA rAjya? nahIM! kyA sampUrNa rAjya? hA~ - hA~ yahI ThIka hai| turanta viveka ne lobha ko thappar3a lgaayaa| rAjA kI udAratA kA anucita lAbha lenA cAhate ho| ThIka hai- AdhA raajy| acchA - itanA cAhie? nahIM - nahIM 100 svarNa mudraa| kyA tuma dhana-yAcanA ke lie isa nagara meM Aye the, kyA tuma viSaya pipAsA pUrti hetu gurukula meM Aye the athavA adhyayana hetu| o ho! kaisA merA lobha? mana tattva-cintana kI zreNI para ArUr3ha ho gayA aura samasta kaSAyoM kA kSaya kiyaa| isI prakAra mammaNa seTha kA udAharaNa prApta hotA hai-119 jise arddharAtri meM uphanatI nadI se lakar3iyA~ bAhara lAte dekha zreNika mahArAjA dayArdra ho uThe aura kahA- 'jo cAhie mA~ga lo|' 'rAjana! kevala eka baila cAhie'- vRddha ne 119. kathA saMgraha

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kaSAya ke bheda pratyuttara diyaa| 'jAo! inheM gauzAlA meM le jAo- jo baila lenA cAheM, de diyA jaae|' -nRpati ne Adeza diyaa| para mammaNa seTha ko koI baila pasanda nahIM aayaa| 'rAjana mere baila jaisA Apake pAsa eka bhI nahIM'- mammaNa ke zabda suna kara rAjA cauMka ge| 'aisA baila hamArI gauzAlA meM nahIM hai, to hama tumhArA baila dekhane jarUra AyeMge'- mahArAjA zreNika ne khaa| mahArAnI celanA evaM maMtrI-parivAra ke sAtha samrATa mammaNa seTha ke yahA~ jA phuNce| gRhAMgaNa meM praveza kiyaa| baila kahIM dikhA nhiiN| mammaNa abhyAgatoM ko kakSa meM le ge| paradA haTAyA- bhItara kA dRzya dekhate hI sabakI A~kheM visphArita ho gii| ratnajaTita svarNa nirmita balada jodd'ii| eka baila kA eka sIMga abhI ratnajar3ita honA zeSa thaa| rAjA ne mu~ha meM aMgulI dabA lI- itanA dhana! aura phira itanA prishrm| dhanyavAda hai - isa lobha ko| jitanI majadUrI karAe utanA hI kama hai| saMtoSa ke binA zAnti nahIM hai| nItizAstra meM kahA hai jo dasa bIsa pacAsa bhae, zata hoya haz2Ara to lAkha maMgegI, koTi araba kharaba asaMkhya, dharApati hone kI cAha jgegii| svarga pAtAla ko rAja karU~, tRSNA adhikI phira Aga lagegI, sundara ika santoSa binA, zaTha terI to bhUkha kabhI na bhgegii| anyatra bhI kahA hai gaudhana gajadhana vAjidhana, aura ratana dhana khAna, jaba Ave santoSa dhana, saba dhana dhUla smaan| kaSAya solaha prakAra kA bhI batAyA gayA hai| vaha nimna prakAreNa hai-120 1. anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya(1) krodha (2) mAna (3) mAyA (4) lobh| 2. apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya(1) krodha (2) mAna (3) mAyA (4) lobh| 3. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya(1) krodha (2) mAna (3) mAyA (4) lobh| 4. saMjvalana kaSAya(1) krodha (2) mAna (3) mAyA (4) lobh| kaSAya ke uparyukta bhedoM kA sAmAnya vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai120. anantAnubandhya pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa saMjvalana vikalpAzcaikazaH krodha, mAna-mAyAlobhAH... (tattvArthasUtra/ a. 8/ sUtra 10)

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40 anantAnubandhI kaSAya anantakAla se anubandhita, 11 ananta bhavoM taka saMskAra rUpa se saMyukta ananta padArthoM meM iSTAniSTa dhAraNAjanita, ananta saMsAra kA kAraNarUpa 123, samyagdarzana kA vighAtaka 14 - anantAnubandhI kaSAya hai / saMsAra meM ananta paudgalika sukhoM kI atRpta kAmanA anantAnubandhI kaSAya hai| AtmabhrAnti rUpa mithyAtva dazA meM samupasthita kaSAya anantAnubandhI kahalAtA hai| ajJAnAvasthA meM jIva para - padArthoM, saMyogoM, prApta nimittoM ko apane sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa mAnakara una para rAga-dveSa karatA hai| anukUla nimittoM ko pAkara garva karatA hai| manojJa padArthoM ke adhikAra ke lie mAyA kA Azraya letA hai / priya vastu aura priya vyakti ke saMyoga kI lAlasA rakhatA hai| kisI saMyoga ko pratikUla mAnakara krodha karatA hai| mithyA mAnyatAoM, galata dhAraNAoM ke vazIbhUta hokara kaSAyoM ke jAla meM pha~sA rahatA hai| vastutaH tathya yaha hai ki para padArtha athavA anya jIva hameM sukha-duHkha de nahIM sakate; apitu hama apane hI ajJAna se sukha-duHkha kA ahasAsa karate haiN| 'bhAvadIpikA' meM vyAvahArika stara para isa kaSAya kA svarUpa batAyA hai 25 - krUra, hiMsaka, nimnatama, lokAcAra kA ullaMghana karane vAlA, satyAsatya ke viveka se zUnya, deva-guru-dharma para azraddhA rakhane vAlA vyakti anantAnubandhI kaSAyukta hai| kSatriyakuNDa ke rAjakumAra, trizalA mahArAnI ke dulAre, siddhArtha mahArAjA ke pyAre - putra vardhamAna kumAra ne yauvana kI raMgIna belA meM zramaNa jIvana aMgIkAra kiyaa| mahaloM meM palane vAle, aneka sevaka-sevikAoM se sevita ve rAjaputra ekAkI - vicaraNa karane lge| bIhar3a jaMgala, kaNTakAkIrNa jhAr3iyA~, uttuMga parvata kI pahAr3iyA~, andherI guphAe~ kaise-kaise bhayajanaka sthAnoM para unhoMne sAdhanA kI alakha jgaaii| kitane upasargoM, saMkaToM, parISahoM ko samatva se sahana kiyA / prabhu kI samatA kI prazaMsA indra mahArAja ne devasabhA meM kii| sarva devoM ne kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ... 121. anantAn bhavAnanubaddhaM (gha. / pu. 6 / a. 1 / sU. 23 ) 122. anaMtesu bhavesu aNubaMdha .... ( vahI ) 123. (a) aNaMtAnubaMdho saMsArA.... ( vahI ) (ba) anantasaMsAra kAraNatvA.... ( sarvArthasiddhi / a. 8 / sU. 9 ) 124. paDhamo daMsaNaghAI.... (go.jI./ gA. 283 ) 125. bhAvadIpikA / pR. 51 122 1

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kaSAya ke bheda guNAnumodana kiyA; kintu eka mithyAtvI abhavya deva - saMgama ke mana meM zraddhA utpanna nahIM huii| vaha socane lagA- 'indra mahArAja vyartha hI mAnava kI prazaMsA karate haiN| mAMsa-majjA dehadhArI yaha manuSya eka kSaNa meM samatA se calita ho sakatA hai| maiM batA dUMgA- isa sArI deva-sabhA ko... mahAvIra ko krodhita karanA eka cuTakI kA kAma hai|' apanA nirNaya devarAja ko sunAkara saMgama dharatI para calA aayaa| chaha mahIne - kitanI krUratA kI, doSAropaNa kie, asahya vedanA dI; kintu saMgama samatA-parvata ke zikhara ko hilA nahIM paayaa| ___ saMgama kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya ne usase eka mahAn AtmA ko kaSTa dene kA kArya karA liyaa| vaha devoM dvArA tiraskRta huA, zacIpati indra dvArA devavimAna se bahiSkRta huA aura kaSAyaraMjita manovRtti ke kAraNa kaluSita huaa| kintu phira bhI devAdhideva ke prati zraddhA kA dIpa prajjvalita nahIM huaa| anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA kAla zvetAmbara granthoM meM 26 jIvana-paryanta evaM digambara granthoM meM saMkhyAta bhava, asaMkhyAtabhava, ananta bhava paryanta batAyA gayA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki zvetAmbara paramparA meM yaha kAla-maryAdA eka bhavApekSA tathA digambara paramparA meM aneka bhavApekSA, yaha pratipAdana hai| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya jaba samyaktva rUpI sUrya udita hotA hai, taba mithyAtva rUpI andhakAra vilIna ho jAtA hai| mithyAtva kI vidAI ke sAtha ajJAna evaM anantAnubandhI kaSAya bhI alavidA letA hai| galata dhAraNAe~ TUTatI haiM, mithyA mAnyatAe~ samApta hotI haiN| tattva kA samyak svarUpa dRSTipatha para saMcarita hone lagatA hai| AtmapratIti rUpa isa avasthA meM viparIta dRSTikoNa to samyak ho jAte haiM, kintu pUrva saMskAroM kI prabalatA evaM vartamAna kI Asakti ke kAraNa satya ko jAnate hue bhI AcaraNa meM svIkRta nahIM ho paataa| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA udaya vrata grahaNa meM bAdhaka banatA hai| AMzika rUpa meM bhI tyAga-viratipAlana saMbhava nahIM ho pAtA hai| 128 126. jAvajjIvANugAmiNo... (vizeSA | gA. 2992) 127. (a) jo savvesi saMkhejjAsaMkhejjANatehiM... (ka. cU. | a. 8 / gA. 32 / sU. 23) (ba) go. ka. / gA. 46-47 128. yadudayAddezaviratiM... kartuM na zaknoti (sarvArthasiddhi | a. 8 / sU. 9)

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana prabhu mahAvIra dvArA zreNika mahArAjA ko apanA andhakAramaya bhaviSya jJAta huA / durgati kI kalpanA se mana kA~pa uThA / zreNika prabhu vIra ke caraNoM kA azrubinduoM se prakSAlana karane lage- 'prabho! kyA isa nArakIya vedanA se rakSaNa kA koI upAya nahIM hai / ' zreNika kI antarvyathA A~suoM ke mAdhyama se bahane lagI / zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kA gaMbhIra svara guMjita ho uThA - 'he! zreNika eka upAya hai| ' zreNika kI jhukI palakeM uTha giiN| A~khoM meM camaka paidA ho gii| utsukatA se prazna kiyA- 'prabho! pharamAie / maiM kyA karU~ ?' sarvajJa prabhu ne madhura manda svara meM uttara diyA- 'yadi tuma navakArasI (sUryodaya ke 48 minaTa pazcAt hI AhAra grahaNa ) kA saMkalpa svIkAra karo, vrata-tapa rUpI niyama aMgIkAra karo to yaha saMbhava hai / ' zreNika ne prayAsa kiyA; kintu apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA udaya unake vratapAlana meM bAdhaka banA rahA aura ve saMkalpa pAlana nahIM kara sake / prabhu ke caraNoM meM upasthita hokara apanI asamarthatA kA zreNika mahArAjA ne nivedana kara diyaa| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAyodaya jIva ko aMzataH vratapAlana meM bhI vighna paidA kara detA hai| 42 130 apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA udaya rUpa adhikatama kAla zvetAmbara granthoM anusAra129 eka varSa evaM digambara granthoM anusAra 3 chaha mAsa varNita hai| isase adhika kAla yadi vaha kaSAya-saMskAra banA rahA to anantAnubandhI kahalAtA hai tathA vaha mithyAtva avasthA mAnI jAtI hai / isa kAla maryAdA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hI jaina paramparA meM 'sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa' kI vyavasthA hai / varSa bhara meM hue samasta baira - virodha, dveSa- roSa Adi ko samApta karanA, kSamA AdAna-pradAna karanA, pUrva kaSAya saMskAroM ko kSaya karanA - isa pratikramaNa kA uddezya hotA hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ta moha ke bandhana zithila hone lagate haiM, bhogAsakti alpa- alpatama ho jAtI hai, gRhastha jIvana meM rahate hue bhI vrata - niyama svIkAra karane kA saMkalpa jAgatA hai, zrAvaka yogya bAraha vratoM ko grahaNa karane kI mAnasikatA hai - taba apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA bala samApta hotA hai| 129. vacchara... ( AcArAMga / zIlA. / a. 2 / u. 1 / sU. 190 ) 130. (a) chaNhaM mAsANaM (ka. cU. / a. 8 / gA. 85 / sU. 22 ) (ba) apratyAkhyAnAvaraNAnAM SaNmAsA ( go . ka. / gA. 46 )

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kaSAya ke bheda 131 pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya pUrNa rUpa se viSaya kaSAya, bhoga-upabhoga se virata nahIM hone detaa| jambU svAmI do janma pahale zivakumAra ke bhava meM muni sAgaradatta ke darzana kara pravrajyA hetu utsuka bane / zivakumAra ne mana meM zramaNa banane hetu saMkalpa liyA aura pitA rAjA padmaratha ke samIpa phuNce| dIkSA hetu svIkRti kI prArthanA kii| nRpati kA pitR-hRdaya dahala uThA / pitA kA vAtsalya se bharA hRdaya viyoga kI kalpanA karake bhI kampita ho gyaa| netra bhIMga gaye / kSaNa bhara mauna kA sAmrAjya sthApita ho gyaa| tatpazcAt kA~patI AvAja meM rAjA padmaratha ne mauna bhaMga kiyA- 'ziva! tuma jAnate ho tumhArA viraha hamAre lie asahya hai / hama maraNaparyanta tumheM saMnyAsa kI svIkRti nahIM de sakeMge - aisA hamArA mana kahatA hai / ' itihAsa kahatA hai zivakumAra ne ATha dina anna-jala kA tyAga kara diyA; kintu rAjA kA nirNaya nahIM bdlaa| anta meM dRr3hadharmA zrAvaka ke nivedana para zivakumAra ne bAraha varSa taka bele- bele - pAraNA Ayambila kA tapa kiyA kintu pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya unheM saMyama jIvana, pUrNa viratimaya jIvana svIkAra karane meM bAdhaka banA rahA / isa pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kI adhikatama kAla maryAdA zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra132 cAra mAsa evaM digambara paramparAnusAra 33 pandraha dina batAI gaI hai| yaha kaSAya cAra mahIne se adhika udaya nahIM raha sakatI / isa kAla meM sAdhaka apane doSa kA prAyazcita evaM anya ke aparAdha ko kSamAdAna detA hai| cAturmAsika pratikramaNa kA uddezya yahI hai ki avirati rUpa apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya kA udaya na ho| - saMjvalana kaSAya saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya se kaSAyabhAva kI mandatama pariNati, hiMsAdi pApoM se pUrNa virati, padArthoM meM alpatama rati- arati tathA sAdhanA ke mArga para pragati hote hue bhI vItarAgatA kI abhivyakti nahIM ho paatii| yaha kaSAya vItarAgatA meM bAdhaka hai| 43 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prathama ziSya gautama gaNadhara caudaha pUrvoM ke jJAtA, cAra jJAna ke dhArI the / caudaha hajAra zramaNa evaM chattIsa hajAra zramaNiyoM ke saMcAlaka 131. vizeSA. / gA. 2992 132. caumAsa. (AcA. / a. 2 / u. 1 / sU. 190 ) 133. addhamAsAdI... (ka. cU. / a. 8 / gA. 85 / sU. 22 )

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44 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana the| jJAna ke athAha sAgara hone para bhI vItarAgatA nahIM prApta kara sake the| pandraha sau tApasoM ko zramaNa dIkSA pradAna kara gautama gaNadhara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM samupasthita hue| nUtana munivRnda sthAna grahaNa karane hetu 'kevalI parSadA' kI ora bar3ha cle| gautama svAmI ne unheM madhura svara meM kahA'aho muniyo! vaha sthAna tumhAre lie nahIM hai|' mahAvIra prabhu ne gautama ko satya vastu-sthiti batAI- 'gautama! kevaliyoM kI AzAtanA mata kro|' gautama ke netra Azcarya se visphArita ho gae- 'prabho! abhI maiMne inheM dIkSita kiyA aura abhI ye sarvajJa ho ge|' gautama gaNadhara gaMbhIra ho ge| mana meM halacala ho gii| eka prazna adharoM para phUTa par3A- 'prabho! mere hasta-dIkSita muni pUrNatA ko upalabdha ho jAte haiM aura maiM abhI apUrNa kyoM?' / ___bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gautama svAmI kI jijJAsA kA spaSTIkaraNa dete hue kahA- 'gautama! tuma isI kSaNa kaivalya-sUrya ko prakAzita kara sakate ho| mAtra mere prati rAga (saMjvalana kaSAya) ke bAdaloM ko cidAkAza se bikhera do|' saMjvalana kaSAya gautama svAmI jaise jJAnI ke lie bAdhaka bana gayAvItarAgatA prApti hetu| ____saMjvalana kaSAya kA adhikatama kAla zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra pandraha dina evaM digambara paramparAnusAra 35 antarmuhUrta batAyA gayA hai| pAkSika pratikramaNa kA vidhAna isI hetu se hai| yadyapi sAdhaka ko rAtri evaM divasa sambandhI doSoM kI AlocanA pratidina (pratikramaNa) kara lenA cAhie; nahIM to pAkSika pratikramaNa to avazya hI karanA caahie| jisase pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya na ho jaae| kaSAya ke solaha bheda'35 (kAla maryAdA apekSA taratamatA) krodha anantAnubandhI- varSoM na miTane vAlI parvata kI darAra kI bhA~ti (AjIvana) apratyAkhyAnI- gIlI miTTI ke sUkhane ke bAda banI rekhA kI taraha (dIrghakAlika) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa-bAlU reta meM banI rekhA jaisA (alpakAlika) saMjvalana- pAnI para khiMcI lakIra ke samAna (alpatama-kAlika) 134. (a) pakkha... (AcA./zIlA./ a. 2/u. 1/ sU. 190) (ba) vizeSA./gA. 2992 135. jo aMtomuhuttadIdamaMto... (ka.cU./a. 8/ gA. 85/ sU. 21) 136. prathama krmgrnth|

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kaSAya ke bheda mAna anantAnubandhI- zaila ( patthara) stambha ke samAna ( AjIvana ) apratyAkhyAnI- asthi (haDDI) stambha kI taraha ( dIrghakAlika ) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa-dAru (lakar3I) stambha kI bhA~ti (alpakAlika ) saMjvalana- tinizalatA ( tRNa ) jaisA ( alpatama -kAlika ) mAyA anantAnubandhI- bA~sa kI jar3a ke samAna vakratA ( AjIvana) apratyAkhyAnI- meMr3he ke sIMga kI taraha Ter3hI ( dIrghakAlika ) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa- - gomUtra kI bhA~ti vakrarekhAtmaka (alpakAlika ) saMjvalana- chilate hue bA~sa kI chAla jaisI sAmAnya mur3I huI ( alpatama- kAlika) lobha anantAnubandhI- kIr3oM ke rakta se bane raMga ( kRmirAja) kI taraha ( AjIvana ) apratyAkhyAnI- gAr3I ke pahiye meM lage kITa kI bhA~ti (dIrghakAlika ) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa- kAjala jaisA ( alpakAlika ) saMjvalana- haldI ke raMga samAna ( alpatama- kAlika) 45 solaha kaSAya kA aMzataH vivecana anantAnubandhI krodha - ajJAnAvasthA meM zarIra meM ahaMbuddhi tathA padArthoM meM mamatvabuddhi hotI hai| zarIra, svajana, sampatti Adi meM Asakti pragAr3ha hotI hai| priya saMyogoM kI prApti meM bAdhaka tattva apriya lagatA hai| svArtha meM Thesa lagane para krodha paidA hotA hai- yaha anantAnubandhI krodha hai / Atma-tattva kI vArtA arucikara pratIta hotI hai - tIvra anantAnubandhI krodha meM / manda anantAnubandhI krodha meM samyaktva sammukha bhUmikA banatI hai| apratyAkhyAnI krodha - samyagdarzana kA sUrya udita hone para Atma-tattva kA ajJAnAndhakAra naSTa hotA hai| zarIra meM 'maiM' kI bhrAnti samApta hotI hai| Atmatattva kA bodha hotA hai / samasta jagat ke jIvoM ke prati AtmIya bhAva utpanna hotA hai| aisI sthiti meM kisI ke prati anyAya hone para krodha kA janma hotA hai / yaha apratyAkhyAnI krodha hai / samyagdRSTi ko deva-guru-dharma kA rAga hotA hai| ataH deva-guru-dharma kA apamAna karane vAle ke prati Aveza AtA hai| vastupAla mahAmantrI ne rAjA ke mAmA dvArA eka bAla muni ko thappar3a mArane para usakA hAtha kaTavA diyA thaa|

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana sarasvatI sAdhvI kA gardabhilla rAjA dvArA apaharaNa hone para kAlikAcArya ke dvArA vIra sainika kA veza dhAraNa kiyA gayA thaa| gardabhilla rAjA kI hatyA kara sarasvatI ko kaida-mukta kara kAlikAcArya ne prAyazcita liyA thaa| pratyAkhyAnI krodha-Atma-jJAna pazcAt sAdhaka sAMsArika kAryoM ko saMkSipta karake zrAvaka jIvana ke bAraha vrata svIkAra karatA hai| sAdhanA-mArga para usake caraNa bar3hate haiN| usake vrata pAlana meM koI bAdhaka banatA hai, to use krodha Ane lagatA hai| mahAzataka bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zrAvaka the| pauSadhazAlA meM dhyAnAsthita hone para patnI revatI dvArA unheM vicalita karane kA bAra-bAra prayAsa kiyA jAne lgaa| antataH kruddha ho kara ve bola uThe- 'revatI! tumhArA rUpa kA abhimAna Tikane vAlA nahIM hai| sAta dina bAda tuma deha tyAga kara naraka meM utpanna hone vAlI ho|' yaha krodhodaya zrAvaka vratadhArI taka hotA hai| saMjvalana krodha- zuddha svarUpa prApti kI sAdhanA meM rata muni ko apane doSa para roSa hotA hai| zrImad rAjacandra ne 'apUrva avasara' meM kahA hai, 'krodha pratye to varte krodha svabhAvatA...' krodha ke prati hI krodha ho- vaha saMjvalana krodha hai| araNika muni ne apanI bhUla ke prAyazcita meM anazana dhAraNa kiyaa| apanA doSa kaNTaka kI taraha apane ko hI cubhane lgaa| anantAnubandhI mAna-Atma-jJAna ke abhAva meM vyakti deha ko 'maiM' rUpa mAna kara usakA abhimAna karatA hai| prApta anukUla saMyogoM kA garva karatA hai| ___apratyAkhyAnI mAna-samyagdRSTi kA dehAbhimAna, para-padArthoM ke svAmitva kA ahaMkAra samApta ho jAtA hai| vaha samyak artha meM svAbhimAnI hotA hai| svasvarUpa prApti ke lie deva-guru-dharma kA rAga hotA hai, usakA gaurava hotA hai| samrATa akabara ne anya kaviyoM ke samAna kavi gaMga ko apanI khuzAmada karate nahIM dekhaa| eka dina apanI stuti karavAne hetu eka samasyA-pUrti pada diyA'saba mila Asa karo akabara kii|' kavi gaMga ne dohe kI racanA karate hue anta meM kaha diyA, 'jise prabhu para vizvAsa nahIM, vaha saba mila Asa karo akabara kii|' samrATa ke ruSTa hone kI bhI cintA kavi gaMga ne nahIM kii| pratyAkhyAnI mAna-bAraha vratadhArI zrAvaka ko anantAnubandhI evaM apratyAkhyAnI mAna kA udaya nahIM hotaa| pratyAkhyAnI mAna kA udaya sAdhanApaddhati meM viziSTa rAga kA kAraNa hotA hai| mAMDavagar3ha ke mahAmantrI pethar3azAha

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kaSAya ke bheda ko prabhu-pUjA ke samaya rAjA bhI jinAlaya se bAhara nahIM bulA sakate the / mantrI pada hI isa zarta ke sAtha pethar3azAha ne svIkAra kiyA thaa| saMjvalana mAna -saMjvalana mAna ke udaya se bAhubali muni ko kevalajJAna upalabdhi ke pazcAt samavasaraNa meM jAne kA bhAva banA thaa| 47 anantAnubandhI mAyA-zarIra ke prati 'maiM' kA bhAva anantAnubandhI mAyA hai| satya hai kucha tathA samajha hai kuch| vedAnta meM jagata ko mAyA kahA gayA hai, kyoMki jagata satya pratIta hotA hai, satya hai nhiiN| vaha parivartanazIla hai / apratyAkhyAnI mAyA - satya svarUpa kA jJAna hone para tattva - bodha ho jAtA hai; kintu kabhI-kabhI nyAya-nIti hetu, anyAya ko samApta karane ke bhAva se asatya kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai| mahAbhArata yuddha meM kSAyika samyaktvI zrIkRSNa ne droNAcArya ko parAsta karane ke lie asatya - bhASA kA Azraya yudhiSThira ko dilaayaa| 'azvatthAmA hataH' zabda spaSTa uccAraNa karake aspaSTa rUpa se 'naro vA kuMjaro vA' bolA / droNAcArya ne apane putra kI mRtyu samajha kara zastra tyAga diyA / pratyAkhyAnI mAyA - svayaM sAdhanA-paddhati se jur3ane ke pazcAt anya vyaktiyoM ko sAdhanA se jor3ane kA bhAva prAyaH rahatA hai| aise kArya meM icchita phala prApti na hone para sAdhaka kaI bAra mAyA kA Azraya letA hai| mahAmantrI pethar3azAha se devapurI ke zrAvakoM ne nivedana kiyA, 'he mAMDavagar3ha zRMgAra ! Apane apanI nagarI Sant forest se maNDita kiyA hai; kintu eka prabhu mandira hamArI nagarI meM bhI banavAie / ' kyA bAdhA hai? prazna hone para spaSTa kiyA, 'hamAre nagara meM anya dharmAvalambI hamArA jinAlaya banane meM rukAvaTa dete haiM tathA pRthvIpati rAjA unhIM kI salAha anusAra nirNaya detA hai / ' mahAmantrI pethar3azAha ne devapura ke maMtrI ke sAtha maitrI-sambandha bA~dhane ke lie mAMDavagar3ha aura devapura ke madhya eka atithigRha, bhojanazAlA, bAvar3I Adi kA nirmANa krvaayaa| usakA nirmAtA devapura ke maMtrI hemU ko ghoSita kiyA gyaa| maMtrI hemU kI yaza, kIrti digdiganta meM vyApta hone lgii| ve Azcarya vimugdha hue / khojabIna karane para sArA rahasya spaSTa huaa| donoM nagara ke maMtriyoM ke madhya mitratA sambandha sthApita huaa| maMtrI hemU ke mAdhyama se pethar3azAha ne devapura meM eka deva - vimAna saHdRza jinAlaya kA nirmANa krvaayaa|

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana saMjvalana mAyA- kabhI-kabhI sAdhanA hetu bhI mAyA hotI hai| mahAbala muni mitra muniyoM se adhika tapa karane kI bhAvanA se unheM pAraNA karane diyA evaM svayaM asvasthatA kA bahAnA le kara tapa kiyaa| mAyApUrvaka kiyA gayA yaha tapa tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke sAtha-sAtha strIveda bandha kA kAraNa bnaa| ve mahAbala muni mallI tIrthaMkara hue| anantAnubandhI lobha-jijIviSA svasthatA, saMyoga prApti kA lobha anantAnubandhI lobha hai| jaba deha ko 'maiM' svarUpa jIva mAnatA hai, taba vaha jIne kI AkAMkSA, Arogya kI vAMchA, iSTa padArthoM ke saMyoga kI kAmanA, priya vyaktiyoM se sambandha banAne kI bhAvanA rakhatA hai| 48 apratyAkhyAnI lobha-samyagdRSTi kI kAmanA jagata - kalyANa kI hotI hai| sAdhaka meM dharma-vAtsalya umar3atA hai| tIrthaMkara banane yogya AtmA isa avasthA meM umar3ate vegapUrvaka bhAvanA karatI hai, 'savi jIva karU~ zAsana rasI' - jagata ke samasta jIvoM kA maiM kalyANa kara dU~, unheM zAzvata sukha dU~ / kSAyika samyaktva vAsudeva zrIkRSNa ne apane rAjya meM ghoSaNA kI thI, 'jo bhI nagaravAsI prabhu nemInAtha ke caraNoM meM saMyama grahaNa kare, usake kuTumba - pAlana kA uttaradAyitva merA hai|' ve apane nikaTastha pratyeka vyakti ko pravrajyA aMgIkAra hetu preraNA dete the| pratyAkhyAnI lobha-sAdhanA - kSetra meM tvarita gati se agragAmI hone kI bhAvanA, bAraha vrata grahaNa kara pratimAe~ dhAraNa karane kI icchA isa lobha meM hotI hai| saMjvalana lobha - zIghrAtizIghra mukti kA Ananda mile, yaha saMjvalana lobha hai / gaja sukumAla ne nemInAtha prabhu ke caraNoM meM dIkSA svIkAra karake sarvaprathama yaha prazna kiyA thA, 'prabho! mujhe jaldI se jaldI mukti kaise prApta ho?" sAdhaka kramazaH samasta kaSAyoM kA kSaya karatA huA akaSAya / vItarAga avasthA ko upalabdha hotA hai| kaSAya ke do bheda rAga aura dveSa haiN| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kI apekSA kaSAya cAra prakAra ke haiN| anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI, pratyAkhyAnI evaM saMjvalana ke anusAra kaSAya ke solaha prakAra haiN| inheM paraspara guNAkAra karane para kaSAya ke cauMsaTha bheda bhI hote haiN|' 137 jo isa prakAra haiM 137. prathama karmagrantha/ prabhudAsa becaradAsa pArekha saMkalita karmagrantha pradIpa / pR. 179

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kaSAya ke bheda 49 kaSAya ke cauMsaTha bheda 1. anantAnubandhI-anantAnubandhI krodha 33. anantAnubandhI-anantAnubandhI mAyA 2. anantAnubandhI-apratyAkhyAnI krodha 34. anantAnubandhI-apratyAkhyAnI mAyA 3. anantAnubandhI-pratyAkhyAnI krodha 35. anantAnubandhI-pratyAkhyAnI mAyA 4. anantAnubandhI-saMjvalana krodha 36. anantAnubandhI-saMjvalana mAyA 5. apratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI krodha 37. apratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI mAyA 6. apratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI krodha 38. apratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI mAyA 7. apratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI krodha 39. apratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI mAyA 8. apratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana krodha 40. apratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana mAyA 9. pratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI krodha 41. pratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI mAyA 10. pratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI krodha 42. pratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI mAyA 11. pratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI krodha 43. pratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI mAyA 12. pratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana krodha / 44. pratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana mAyA / 13. saMjvalana-anantAnubandhI krodha 45. saMjvalana-anantAnubandhI mAyA 14. saMjvalana-apratyAkhyAnI krodha 46. saMjvalana-apratyAkhyAnI mAyA 15. saMjvalana-pratyAkhyAnI krodha 47. saMjvalana-pratyAkhyAnI mAyA 16. saMjvalana-saMjvalana krodha 48. saMjvalana-saMjvalana mAyA 17. anantAnubandhI-anantAnubandhI mAna 49. anantAnubandhI-anantAnubandhI lobha 18. anantAnubandhI-apratyAkhyAnI mAna 50. anantAnubandhI-apratyAkhyAnI lobha 19. anantAnubandhI-pratyAkhyAnI mAna 51. anantAnubandhI-pratyAkhyAnI lobha 20. anantAnubandhI-saMjvalana mAna 52. anantAnubandhI-saMjvalana lobha 21. apratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI mAna ___ 53. apratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI lobha 22. apratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI mAna 54. apratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI lobha 23. apratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI mAna 55. apratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI lobha 24. apratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana mAna 56. apratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana lobha 25. pratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI mAna 57. pratyAkhyAnI-anantAnubandhI lobha 26. pratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI mAna 58. pratyAkhyAnI-apratyAkhyAnI lobha 27. pratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI mAna 59. pratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI lobha 28. pratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana mAna 60. pratyAkhyAnI-saMjvalana lobha . 29. saMjvalana-anantAnubandhI mAna 61. saMjvalana-anantAnubandhI lobha 30. saMjvalana-apratyAkhyAnI mAna 62. saMjvalana-apratyAkhyAnI lobha 31. saMjvalana-pratyAkhyAnI mAna 63. saMjvalana-pratyAkhyAnI lobha 32. saMjvalana-saMjvalana mAna 64. saMjvalana-saMjvalana lobha

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana jagata meM jitane jIva haiM, utane svabhAva haiN| kisI kI ajJAna dazA hotI hai, kintu kaSAya manda hotA hai| kisI kI jJAna - dazA hotI hai, kintu kaSAya tIvra dikhAI detA hai| aisA kyoM hai? jaba anantAnubandhI kaSAya saMjvalana stara kI hotI hai, taba ajJAnAvasthA meM bhI manda kaSAya pariNati dRSTigocara hotI hai| jaba saMjvalana Adi kaSAya anantAnubandhI stara kA ho, taba AtmajJAnI muni ke bhI tIvra kaSAya pariNAma mahasUsa hote haiN| isI AdhAra para AtmA meM gati - paramANuoM kA Asrava hotA hai| gati yogya karma paramANu hara samaya AtmA meM Ate rahate haiM; kintu gati-nirdhAraNa Ayu-bandha ke pazcAt hotA hai| 'sthAnAMga' meM isI apekSA gati - paramANuoM kA Agamana batAyA gayA hai anantAnubandhI stara kA anantAnubandhI kaSAya hone para naraka -gati pariNAma, apratyAkhyAnI stara ke anantAnubandhI kaSAya meM tiryaJca gati pariNAma, pratyAkhyAnI stara kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya hone para manuSya - gati pariNAma, saMjvalana stara kI anantAnubandhI kaSAya meM deva - gati pariNAma hote haiN| prasannacanda rAjarSi muniveza meM sAdhanArata the| sUrya kI AtApanA grahaNa kara rahe the| mahArAjA zreNika ne prabhu mahAvIra se prazna kiyA, 'prabho! isa samaya yadi muni kAla-dharma prApta kareM to kyA gati ho ?' prabhu ne uttara diyA, 'naraka -gati' ! kucha kSaNa pazcAt punaH yahI prazna karane para uttara prApta huA, 'deva - gati' ! kucha samaya ke bAda deva-dundubhinAda zravaNa kara jaba punaH prazna kiyA, 'prabho! kise kevalajJAna huA hai?' prabhu kahA, 'prasannacanda rAjarSi ko / ' dhyAna-sAdhanA meM prasannacanda rAjarSi ke bhAva pariNAma saMjvalana kaSAya hone para bhI anantAnubandhI stara taka pahu~ca gae the| viveka jAgRta hone para pariNAma - vizuddhi hotI gaI evaM pUrNa akaSAya avasthA prakaTa huii| saMjvalana mAna kI kAla maryAdA adhikatama pandraha dina varNita hai; kintu bAhubali muni varSa bhara mAna zalya dhAraNa kie dhyAnAvasthita rhe| saMbhavataH apratyAkhyAnI stara kA saMjvalana mAna thA / adhyavasAya AdhAra se kaSAya ke asaMkhya bheda bhI saMbhava haiN| 50 -

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tRtIya adhyAya kaSAya aura karma jJAnAvaraNIya darzanAvaraNIya antarAya gotra jIva vedanIya nAma ___pple phic bhava-bhramaNa kA kAraNa karma aura karma kA kAraNa kaSAya hai| rAga-dveSa rUpI bhAvoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa jIva karmabandha karatA hai| karma-saMyoga ke kAraNa caturgati meM janma lenA par3atA hai, janma lene se zarIra kA saMyoga hotA hai| zarIra meM indriyoM kI vyavasthA hotI hai| indriyoM se viSayoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| viSayabhoga meM jIva rAga-dveSa rUpa kaSAya karatA hai| rAga-dveSa se punaH karmabandha hotA haiyaha krama satata calatA hai|' saMsAra kI yahI vyavasthA hai| karma ATha batAe gae haiM, jo nimnokta haiM- 1. jJAnAvaraNIya 2. darzanAvaraNIya 3. vedanIya 4. mohanIya 5. AyuSya 6. nAma 7. gotra 8. antraay| ina karmoM ke bandha meM kaSAya kI kyA bhUmikA hai? aba hama isa viSaya kI vivecanA kreNge| (1) jJAnAvaraNIya karma aura kaSAya jJAnAvaraNIya karmabandha meM kaSAya bhAva kisa prakAra kArya karatA hai - yaha kucha pravRttiyoM ke vizleSaNa se jAnA jA sakatA hai, yathA1. paMcAstikAya | gA. 128-129 2. (a) ThANaM | sthAna 8 (ba) go. ka. / gA. 8 3. tattvArthasUtra | a. 6 / sU.11

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana lobha : anya kI pustakeM, kaoNpI, noTsa, pena Adi curA lenaa| dUsare ke adhikAra kI pustakoM ke panne phAr3a lenA, zIghratA ke lobha se azuddha sUtra bolanA, zabdoM kI mAtrA nyUnAdhika karanA, asvAdhyAya ke samaya sUtra paThana-pAThana karanA aadi| mAna : vinayarahita par3hanA, pustaka jamIna para rakhanA, apavitra sthAna meM rakhanA, upekSApUrvaka paira lagAnA, thUka lagAnA, mastiSka ke nIce rakhanA; jJAnI se kutarka karanA, satya siddhAnta smaraNa na Ane para viparIta prarUpaNA karanA, sUtra kA artha asatya kahanA, gUMge-totale kI ha~sI karanA aadi| krodha : jJAnI se IrSyA karanA, jJAnI kI avajJA, anAdara karanA; kisI ke par3hane meM vighna DAlanA, adhyApaka para krodha karanA, usakI nindA karanA; pustaka phAr3anA, krodha meM jJAna upakaraNa jalA denA aadi| mAyA: kisI kI kavitA para apanA nAma lagA denA, anya ke lekha ke sAtha apanA nAma jor3a denA, jJAna kisI se grahaNa karanA aura guru kisI anya ko kahanA aadi| ye saba jJAnAvaraNIya karmabandha ke hetu haiN| jJAna-paMcamI kathA meM udAharaNa hai - vasudeva muni pratidina pA~ca sau muniyoM ko vAcanA dete the| eka dina unheM asvasthatA mahasUsa huii| jvara se deha tapane lgii| muni zayyA para leTa ge| mana vizrAma cAha rahA thA; kintu eka ke bAda eka muni apanI adhyayana sambandhI jijJAsA lekara unake nikaTa Ate rhe| tana jvarAkrAnta thA; mana krodhAkrAnta ho gyaa| 'aho! itanI asvasthatA meM bhI vizrAma nhiiN| mujhase acchA merA jyeSTha muni bhrAtA hai| jisakI mUr3hatA ke kAraNa koI usase apekSA nahIM krtaa|' krodhAveza meM muni ne mAyA se mauna dhAraNa kara liyA aura nikaTastha muniyoM ko jJAna-dAna denA banda kara diyaa| usI avasthA meM ve mRtyu ko prApta hue aura jJAnapradAna meM pramAda, krodha evaM mAyA karane se agale janma meM rAjakumAra hokara bhI mUka, badhira evaM kuSTa roga se pIr3ita hue| (2) darzanAvaraNIya karma aura kaSAya krodha ke vazIbhUta ho kisI kI indriyoM kA, aMgoM kA chedana-bhedana karanA, pramAda karanA, nidrA kI icchA karanA-ye saba darzanAvaraNIya karmabandha ke hetu haiN| kisI apaMga dIna-hIna ko dekhakara dravita hue gautama gaNadhara ne jaba bhagavAn 4. bAraha parva kathA

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kaSAya aura karma mahAvIra se vRtAnta nivedana kiyaa| taba prabhuvIra ne kevalajJAnarUpI sUrya kI prajJArazmiyoM ke Aloka meM kahA - 'gautama! tumheM karma vipAka dekhanA hai to mahArAnI mRgAvatI ke putra ko dekho - jise garbhagRha meM rakhA hai !' gautama gae aura dekhA mAMsa kA lauMdA jaisA zarIra jisameM indriyoM ke cihna mAtra the! na kAna, na A~kha, na nAka aura na mu~ha / AhAra hetu tarala padArtha usake zarIra para DAla diyA - jise usane pAdapa samAna roma chidroM se khiiNcaa| turanta mavAda kA rUpa lekara vaha AhAra zarIra ke romoM se bAhara A gayA aura punaH bhItara khiMca gyaa| yaha dRzya dekhakara gautama gaNadhara ke roMgaTe khar3e ho ge| prabhu ke caraNoM meM prazna kiyA- 'prabho! mRgAputra kI aisI durdazA kA kAraNa kyA hai ? ' prabhu ne atIta ke pRSTha kholate hue kahA- 'rAThaur3a ke bhava meM isane vyasanAdhIna hokara kitane vyaktiyoM ke aMgaccheda kie, kaI ghara jalA die| isakI krUratA ke kAraNa yaha Aja manuSya deha pAkara bhI indriyahIna banA hai| 15 - ( 3 ) vedanIya karma aura kaSAya sukhAnubhava meM kAraNa sAtAvedanIya evaM duHkhAnubhava meM kAraNa AsAtAvedanIya karma hai| sAtAvedanIya se zArIrika svasthatA, pArivArika anukUlatA, sukha-suvidhA tathA asAtAvedanIya ke udaya se duHkha, kaSTa, pratikUlatAe~ prApta hotI haiN| sAtAvedanIya karma kaSAyamandatA se ba~dhatA hai| lobha kaSAya kI mandatA svarUpa santoSa guNa, supAtradAna, sevA-sahayoga krnaa| kisI ke aparAdha para krodha nahIM karanA / guNIjanoM kA vinaya sevA karanA / karuNAbhAva rakhanA - ityAdi kAraNoM se sAtAvedanIya karmabandha hotA hai / " AsAtAvedanIya karma kaSAya tIvratA se ba~dhatA hai / yathA icchA pUrNa na hone para duHkha, zoka, santApa karanA / svayaM ko kaSTa denA evaM anya ko satAnA, vadha karanA, duHkhI krnaa| dUsaroM kA tiraskAra krnaa| kisI ko duHkha dekara prasanna honaa| " 53 kAlasaurika kasAI pratidina pA~ca sau bhaiMsa ke pAr3e mAratA thaa| usakA bhaviSya triloka - trikAladarzI prabhuvIra ne gautama gaNadhara ko batAte hue kahA'yaha asahya vedanA se tar3apa-tar3apa kara mRtyu ko prApta hogA evaM narakagAmI hogaa| anya jIvoM ko pIr3A dene se yaha pariNAma milatA hai|' 5. vipAkasUtra 6. tattvArthasUtra / a. 6 / sU. 12 7. vahI/sU. 13

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (4) mohanIya-karma aura kaSAya mohanIya-karma ke do bheda haiM - darzana-mohanIya evaM caaritr-mohniiy| (a) darzana-mohanIya-abhimAna vaza paramAtmA sarvajJa kI pUrNatA meM avizvAsa karanA, zAzvata sukha ke hetubhUta dharma siddhAntoM kA upahAsa karanA, satyamArga prakAzaka satzAstroM kA avinaya karanA ityAdi darzana-mohanIya bandha ke hetu haiN| isa karma ke udaya se jIva jJAnAdi guNoM ko svabhAva na mAnakara rAgadveSAdi ko apanA svarUpa mAnane lagatA hai| (ba) cAritra-mohanIya-kaSAya evaM nokaSAya kA udaya isa karma ke kAraNa hotA hai| kaSAya mohanIya bandha ke hetu nimnalikhita haiM : svayaM kaSAya karanA evaM dUsaroM ko kaSAya kA nimitta denaa| dveSavaza tapasviyoM para cAritradoSa lgaanaa| kaSAya uddIpta karane vAlA veza yA vrata svIkAra krnaa| nau nokaSAyamohanIya 1. hAsya mohanIya : ha~sanA eka kriyA hai| isa kriyA meM bhAva aneka hote haiN| vyakti kabhI mAnavaza kisI kA upahAsa karatA hai, kabhI kisI ko ha~sAne ke lobha meM svayaM ko majAka banAtA hai| draupadI ko ha~sI AI thI - duryodhana pr| jaba jala ko sthala samajhakara duryodhana phisala gayA thaa| satyadharma kA upahAsa evaM kutsita ha~sI-majAka se hAsya mohanIya kA bandha hotA hai| 2. rati mohanIya : aneka prakAra kI krIr3AoM meM rAga, vrata zIlapAlana meM ruci kA abhAva rati mohanIya hai| 11 mahAzataka kI patnI revatI ne pauSadha vrata dhAraka pati ko rIjhAne ke lie kitanI krIr3Ae~ kI kintu saphala nahIM huii| rAga kI tIvratA se rati mohanIya kA bandha hotA hai| 3. arati mohanIya : aruci yA upekSA bhAva honaa| kaNDarika muni kI rasa lolupatA itanI adhika ho gaI thI ki saMyamI jIvana se arati ho gii| pApa meM ruci evaM saMyama meM arati utpanna 8. tattvArtha | a. 6 / sU. 13 10. sarvArthasiddhi | a. 6 / sU. 14 9. mokSazAstra/a. 6 / sU. 14 kA hindI anuvAda 11. vahI

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kaSAya aura karma 55 karane vAlI pravRtti se arati mohanIya kA bandha hotA hai| 12 4. bhaya mohanIya : bhaya utpanna honaa| kArAgRha meM kaida zreNika rAjA ne talavAra hAtha meM lie putra ko Ate dekhA to bhayabhIta ho a~gUThI kA hIrA cUsakara prANa tyAga die| svayaM bhayabhIta hone se athavA anya ko bhayabhIta karane se bhaya mohanIya kA bandha hotA hai| 13 5. jugupsA mohanIya : ghRNA paidA honaa| azucimaya padArthoM athavA kurUpatA ko dekhakara nAka-bhauM sikor3anA! abhimAna vaza kisI kI ghRNA karane se jugupsA mohanIya karmabandha hotA hai| eka kor3hI ko samavasaraNa meM Ate dekhakara kaI vyaktiyoM ko karuNA AI, kisI ko karma svarUpa kA cintana prArambha haA, kisI ko zarIra vyAdhimandira hai - isa satya kA bodha huA, kintu kucha jugupsA bhAvagrasta bhI hue| 6. zoka mohanIya : duHkhI honA zoka hai| sukozala muni ke dIkSita hone ke pazcAt mAtA sahadevI ne zoka saMtapta avasthA meM mRtyu pAkara bAghana rUpa meM janma liyaa| svayaM zoka karanA athavA anya ko du:khI karane se zoka mohanIya-karmabandha hotA hai| 15 7. veda mohanIya : veda tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - strIveda, puruSaveda aura npuNskved| asatya kathana evaM mAyA-kapaTa se strIveda, kaSAya mandatA se puruSaveda tathA tIvra kaSAya, guptAMgoM kA vinAza karane se napuMsakaveda kA bandha hotA hai|16 apane mitroM se adhika tapa karane hetu se chala karane para muni mahAbala ne strIveda bandha kiyA thaa| mohanIya-karma kI tIvra pariNati ko mahAmohanIya kahA jAtA hai| 12. vahI 13. sarvArthasiddhi / a. 6/sU. 15 14. vahI 15. sarvArthasiddhi | a. 6 / sU. 15 16. vahI

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana samavAyAMgasUtra", dazAzrutaskandha", uttarAdhyayanasUtra, praznavyAkaraNa' meM mahAmohanIya karmabaMdha ke tIsa kAraNa batAye gaye haiMlobha : kaSAya se tyAge hue bhogoM kI punaH abhilASA, jisake kAraNa pA~voM para khar3e hue - usI ke dhana kI vAMchA, hiMsaka vyApAra karanA, trasa jIvoM ko mAranA, jana-netAoM kI hatyA karanA, madhumakkhI jhuMDa ko agni jalAkara dhue~ kI ghuTana se mAranA, prayogoM se jIvoM ko samApta karanA, glAna Adi ko auSadha na denaa| mAna : sarvajJa prabhu kI nindA, AcAryAdi kI nindA, tapasviyoM ko dharmabhraSTa karanA, mokSamArga se anya ko vimukha karanA, gurujana kI sevA na karanA, apane ko vItarAga khnaa| mAyA : azubhAzaya se satya ko asatya batAnA, chala-kapaTa karanA, apane akRtya ko anya para Aropita karanA, tapasvI na hote hue apane ko tapasvI batAnA, abrahmacArI hote hue brahmacArI kahanA, vidvAn na hote hue vidvAn btaanaa| krodha : sadaiva kalaha karate rahanA, upakAriyoM ke lie vighna upasthita karanA ityaadi| ina tIvra kASAyika vRttiyoM ke phalasvarUpa mahAmohanIya karmabandha hote haiN| (5) Ayu karmabandha hetu va kaSAya sthAnAMgasUtra meM kAlApekSA Ayu do prakAra kI batAI gaI hai-21 dIrgha evaM alp| kaSAya-mandatA ke pariNAmasvarUpa ahiMsA pAlana, vivekapUrvaka kArya-pravRtti, satya-bhASaNa, supAtra-dAna, sevA-paropakAra Adi kAraNoM se zubha dIrghAyubandha hotA hai| dUsaroM ko mAnasika pIr3A yA zArIrika kaSTa dene se azubha dIrghAyubandha hotA hai| 22 jIva hiMsA se alpAyuSya baMdhatA hai| 23 17. samavAo | samavAya 30 / sU. 1 18. dazAzrutaskandha dazA 9 19. uttarAdhyayanasUtravRttipatra 617, 618 20. praznavyAkaraNasUtra 21. ThANaM | sthAna 3 / uddezaka 1 / sU. 17 se 20 22. ThANaM | sthAna 3 / uddezaka 1/ sU. 19 23. ThANaM | sthAna 3 / uddezaka 1 / sU. 17

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kaSAya aura karma gati apekSA Ayu cAra prakAra kI hotI hai- (1) narakAyu, (2) tiryaMcAyu (3) manuSyAyu (4) devaayu| ina cAroM meM kaSAya kI bhUmikA nimnalikhita haiM narakAyu bandha : tIvratama kaSAya- sthAnAMgasUtrAnusAra ati hiMsA, mahAparigraha, paMcendriya-vadha, mAMsAhAra-narakAyu bandha ke kAraNa haiN| 24 ye cAroM pravRtti tIvratama kaSAya ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| 'tattvArthasUtra' kI TIkA meM narakAyu bandha ke kAraNa nimna haiM-25 (1) ati lobha, (2) ati mAna, (3) krUra pariNAma, (4) parastrI kAmuka vRtti, (5) paradhana haraNa, (6) pASANa-rekhA samAna krodha, (7) dIrghakAlika vaira, (8) abhakSya AhAra, (9) deva-guru-dharma para asatya doSAropaNa, (10) atirudana, (11) kRSNa-lezyA, (12) tIvratama kaSAya pariNAmoM meM mrnn| mammaNa seTha ne ati lobha ke phalasvarUpa naraka Ayu kA bandha kiyaa| tanduliyA matsya ati bhAva-hiMsA pariNAmoM se sAtavIM naraka meM jAtA hai| ati kAmavAsanA se cakravartI kI strIratna niyamA chaThI naraka kA bandha karatI hai| tIvratama kaSAya, naraka Ayu kA bandha hetu hai| tiryacAyu bandha : tIvratara kaSAya - 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM tiryaMcAyu bandha ke kAraNa isa prakAra diye gae haiM-26 (1) mAyA (nikRti) kaSAya, (2) mithyA vacana, (3) jhUThA mApa-taula, milAvaTa, shossnn| 'tattvArthasUtra' meM mAyA-kaSAya ko tiryaMcagati kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| 27 tattvArtha-TIkA meM nimnalikhita kAraNa batAye gaye haiM-28 (1) dUsare ke uttama guNa ko prakaTa nahIM karanA, (2) svayaM meM guNa na hone para bhI unake hone kA dAvA karanA, (3) zabda se, ceSTA se mAyAcaraNa karanA, (4) kapaTa-kuTila karma meM tatpara rahanA, (5) gIlI miTTI kI rekhA sAdRza krodha honA, (6) tIvra kaSAya rUpa ArtadhyAna meM maraNa honaa| tiryaMca Ayu bandha hetu mAyA-kaSAya vizeSa hai| apane lAbha aura mAna ko prakaTa na hone dene ke bhAva se mAyA kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai| kaI vyakti kisI prasaMga meM jAne kA mana na hone para bahAnA banA dete hai| bahAnA banAnA mAyA kaSAya hai| asatya kA Azraya mAyA meM vizeSa rUpa se liyA jAtA hai| 24. ThANaM sthAna 4 / uddezka 4 / sU. 628 27. tattvArthasUtra/ a. 6 / sU. 17 / 25. mokSazAstra a. 6 / sU. 15 kI TIkA 28. mokSazAstra a. 6 / sU. 16 kI TIkA / 26. ThANaM/ sthA. 4 / u. 4 / sU. 629

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58 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana manuSyAyu bandha hetu : manda kaSAya- 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM manuSya Ayubandha ke nimna kAraNa diye gae haiM-29 (1) prakRti bhadratA - saralatA (mAyA kaSAya kI mandatA) (2) vinItatA - namratA (mAna kaSAya kI alpatA) (3) sahRdayatA - duHkha meM sahayoga (lobha kaSAya kI nyUnatA) (4) para-guNa sahiSNutA, IrSyA kA abhAva ( mAna va krodha kI alpatA) 'tattvArthasUtra' meM alpahiMsA, alpaparigraha, mRdutA aura mAna kaSAya kI mandatA ko manuSyAyu - bandha kA kAraNa nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| 30 tattvArthaTIkA meM nimna kAraNa batAye haiM-31 (1) bhadratA (2) madhuratA (3) komalatA (4) vairAgyavRtti (5) dAna pravRtti (6) IrSyA kA abhAva (6) zreSThAcaraNa (7) azubha nivRtti (8) prANI hiMsA se virati (9) lobha kI alpatA (10) vAk zakti kA sadupayoga (11) kApota-pItalezyA rUpa zubha bhAva (12) zubha bhAvoM meM mrnn| kisI jaMgala meM dAvAnala sulaga utthaa| eka surakSita khule sthAna para sabhI jAnavara daur3akara pahu~cane lge| sujAtoru nAmaka hAthI jisane jhAr3a-jhaMkhAr3a haTAkara usa bhUmi ko vanaspati rahita kiyA thA, vaha bhI pahu~cakara khar3A ho gyaa| yoga se kAna meM khujalI huii| hAthI ne pA~va U~cA kiyA hI thA ki khAlI sthAna para eka kharagoza Akara baiTha gyaa| hAthI kA pA~va Upara kA Upara raha gyaa| usa zazaka ke prati karuNA-bhAva se tIna dina pA~va nIce nahIM rkhaa| agni bujhii| saba cale ge| hAthI ne pA~va nIce rakhanA cAhA - para akar3ane ke kAraNa gira pdd'aa| dussaha vedanA bhogakara zAnta bhAva se mRtyu ko prApta huA aura janmAntara meM mahArAjA zreNika kA putra meghakumAra bnaa| devAyu baMdha hetu : mandatama kaSAya- 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM devAyu bandha ke cAra kAraNa diye haiM-32 (1) sarAga saMyama- samyagdRSTi muni sAdhanA-kAla meM zubha evaM zuddha bhAvoM meM ramaNa karatA hai| zuddhabhAva mukti evaM zubhabhAva devagati kA kAraNa hai| 29. ThANaM | sthA. 4 | u. 4 / sU. 630 30. tattvArthasUtra/ a. 6 / sU. 17-18 31. mokSazAstra | a. 6 / sU. 17 kI TIkA 32. (a) ThANaM sthA. 4/ u. 4/ sU. 631 (ba) tattvArthasUtra a. 6/ sU. 20

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kaSAya aura karma (2) saMyamAsaMyama- samyagdRSTi gRhastha sAdhaka zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM ko svIkAra kara pApa se virata hotA hai| (3) bAlatapa- Atmazuddhi ke lakSya ke binA viSaya-kaSAya kA nigraha karanA athavA tapa-tyAga meM saMlagna honA bAlatapa hai| (4) akAma nirjarA- parAdhInatApUrvaka kaSTa sahana kara karmoM ko bhogakara samApta karanA - akAma nirjarA hai|| 'sthAnAMgasUtra' meM kaSAyoM kI tIvratA-mandatA kI apekSA gati nirdhAraNa pratipAdita hai-33 __anantAnubandhI arthAt tIvratama kaSAya se naraka gati, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa arthAt tIvra kaSAya se tiryaMcagati, pratyAkhyAnI arthAt manda kaSAya se manuSyagati evaM saMjvalana kaSAya arthAt mandatama kaSAya se devagati kA bandha hotA hai| zubhabhAva puNya kA kAraNa hai| jaMgala meM baladeva muni kA vastra mu~ha meM dabA kara eka mRga khIMcatA haA vahA~ le gayA, jahA~ eka lakar3ahArA bhojana karane ke lie baiThA hI thaa| muni ko dekhate hI harSollAsa se vaha lakar3ahArA AhAra dene lgaa| muni sahaja nirvikAra citta se grahaNa karane lage aura vaha mRga Ananda-vibhora hone lgaa| usI kSaNa vRkSa kI DAla TUTI aura tInoM para girii| tInoM kI mRtyu huI aura zubha-pariNAmoM ke kAraNa paMcama devaloka meM utpanna hue| 6. nAmakarma bandha hetu mAyA-kaSAya kI pramukhatA nAmakarma se zarIra, indriya, gati, saMhanana, Adara, yaza, susvara Adi prApta hotA hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai- (1) azubha ; aura (2) shubh| mana-vacana-kAya (trikaraNa-yoga) meM kapaTa-vRtti rakhanA evaM anya ko bhI kuTila vicAra, vacana aura vyavahAra ke lie prerita karata azubha nAmakarma kA bandha hetu hai| kauA kisI ko acchA nahIM lgtaa| usakI duHsvara nAmakarma ke kAraNa karkaza AvAja meM kA~va-kA~va suna kara usako ur3A diyA jAtA hai| zubha nAmakarma ke bandha-hetu isake viparIta hai| hRdaya kI RjutA, saralatA, svacchatA se zubha nAmakarma bandhatA hai| isa karma ke prabhAva se vaha Adara pAtA hai, susvara milatA hai| koyala bhI kaue ke samAna kAlI hai; kintu usakI kuhu-kuhu kI TahukAra hRdaya ko AhlAdita kara detI hai| 33. ThANaM sthA. 4/ u. 4 34. tattvArthasUtra/ a. 6/ sU. 22

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60 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 7. gotrakarma bandha hetu : mAna-kaSAya kI mukhyatA gotra ke do prakAra haiM- nIca aura ucc| mAna ke vazIbhUta ho dUsaroM kI nindA, svayaM kI prazaMsA, anya ke guNa ko chipAnA, guNa na hone para bhI svayaM ko guNI kahanA - nIca gotrakarma bandha ke hetu haiN| 35 / / marIci ne kula-mada karake nIca gotrakarma kA upArjana kiyA thaa| inase viparIta bhAva arthAt AtmanindA, para-prazaMsA ityAdi ucca gotrakarma ke kAraNa haiN| zrIpAla mahArAjA ko ajitasena rAjarSi ne avadhijJAna se batAyAhe rAjana! ApakI ATha mahArAniyoM ne pUrva bhava meM ApakI evaM ApakI patnI zrImatI kI navapadArAdhanA kI khule hRdaya se prazaMsA kI thii| usa guNAnumodanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa zrImatI kI sakhiyoM ne yahA~ mahArAnI pada pAyA hai| 8. antarAya karmabandha hetu : kaSAya bhogopabhoga meM vighna upasthita honA- antarAya karma kA phala hai| 36 antarAya-karma pA~ca prakAra ke haiM- (1) dAna, (2) lAbha, (3) bhoga, (4) upabhoga aura (5) viiry| (1) dAnAntarAya (lobha-kaSAya kI mukhyatA)-svayaM dAna na denA, koI detA ho to use acchA na mAnanA, kisI ko dAna dene meM vighna denA - ityAdi se dAnAntarAya karma kA bandha hotA hai| isa karma ke udaya se dAna dene kI manovRtti nahIM bntii| kapilA dAsI se mahArAjA zreNika ne dAna dilAne kA bahuterA prayAsa kiyA, kintu isameM ve saphala nahIM hue| (2) lAbhAntarAya (lobha-kaSAya se bandhana)- kisI ke lAbha meM bAdhA denA, saudA tur3avA denA, sambandha samApta karavA denA Adi se lAbhAntarAya karma kA bandha hotA hai| isa karma ke udaya se parizrama karane para bhI lAbha nahIM hotaa| DhaMDhaNa muni ko chaH mahIne taka gaveSaNA karane para bhI nirdoSa AhAra nahIM milaa| isakA kAraNa sarvajJa prabhu neminAtha ne batAyA- 'pUrva bhava meM kRSaka ke rUpa meM unhoMne dina-bhara bailoM kI jor3I se athaka parizrama liyA; kintu unheM AhAra nahIM diyaa|' (3) bhogAntarAya (lobha-kaSAya kI pramukhatA)- jisakA eka bAra upayoga kiyA jA sake - vaha bhoga hai| kisI ke khAne meM bAdhA denA, khAte samaya bIca meM uThA denA ityAdi se bhogAntarAya-karma bandhatA hai| 35. tattvArthasUtra/ a. 6/ sU. 25 36. tattvArthasUtra a. 6/ sU. 27

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kaSAya aura karma mlaa| mammaNa seTha ne pUrva bhava meM eka muni ko kesariyA modaka kA AhAra diyaa| unake jAne ke bAda par3osI ke zabdoM se bhAva badala ge| vaha muni ke pIche bhAgA aura modaka lauTAne kI mA~ga karane lgaa| muni ne yaha antarAya dekha AhAra miTTI meM milA diyaa| isa karma ke phalasvarUpa mammaNa seTha ko apAra dhana to milA; kintu bhoga kI zakti nahIM milii| (4) upabhogAntarAya (lobha-kaSAya kI pramukhatA)- jisakA aneka bAra upayoga kiyA jA sake - vaha upabhoga hai| kisI ko upabhoga meM bAdhA dene se upabhogAntarAya karma kA bandhana hotA hai| isa karma ke udaya se sAmagrI hone para usake upabhoga ke lie zArIrika zakti athavA mAnasika bhAvanA nahIM prApta hotii| jaise- vastra bahamUlya haiM, para unheM atisaMvedanazIlatA (elarjI) ke kAraNa dhAraNa na kara pAnA, makhamala kA gaddA hai- para kamara-darda ke kAraNa lakar3I ke takhta para sonA, TI0vI0 hai kintu A~kheM dekha nahIM pAtIM, kAra hai, lekina ghUmane yogya svAsthya nahIM hai| __pavanaJjaya ko aMjanA jaisI sundarI sukumArI rAjaputrI patnI ke rUpa meM milI, kintu bAIsa varSa taka upabhoga karane kA mana hI nahIM huaa| (5) vIryAntarAya (Asakti se zaktigopana- deha athavA dhana kI Asakti se apanI zakti kA sadupayoga na karanA, use chipAnA - vIryAntarAya karma-bandha ke kAraNa haiN| muni sthalibhadra ke bhrAtA zrIyaka muni kA vIryAntarAya karma itanA prabala thA ki ve eka dina kA upavAsa karane meM bhI samartha nahIM the| sevA meM apanI zakti kA upayoga karake bAhubalIjI ne itanA sAmarthya pAyA thA ki eka varSa taka nirAhAra akampa sthiti meM meruvat dhyAna meM sthira khar3e rhe| kaSAya kI tIvratA-mandatA se karma sthiti kI nyUnAdhikatA ba~dhane vAle pratyeka karma kI kAla-maryAdA hotI hai- vaha kitane samaya taka phala degA? isakA nirdhAraNa kaSAya kI tIvratA-mandatA ke AdhAra se hotA hai| kaSAya-tIvratA meM pratyeka karma kI dIrgha lambI sthiti ba~dhatI hai| jitanI kaSAya kI mandatA hotI hai - karma kI sthiti utanI alpa ba~dhatI hai| mAtra deva-manuSyatiryaJcAyu kI kaSAya-mandatA se sthiti adhika lambI ba~dhatI hai| ataH karma kI sthiti kA AdhAra kaSAya pariNAma hai| 37. go. ka./ gA. 134

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62 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana kaSAya aura karmaphala kA anubhAga (rasabaMdha) / pratyeka karma meM kaTu yA madhura phala dene kI zakti hotI hai - isakA AdhAra bhI kaSAya hai| paMcama karma-grantha meM udAharaNa ke mAdhyama se ise samajhAyA gayA hai| eka hI prakAra kA ghAsa yadi U~TanI khAye to atyanta gAr3hA aura cikanA dUdha detI hai| U~TanI ke dUdha se bhaiMsa kA dUdha, bhaiMsa ke dUdha se gAya kA dUdha aura gAya ke dUdha se bakarI kA dUdha kama gAr3hA aura kama cikanA hotA hai| jaise bhinnabhinna pazuoM ke peTa meM pahu~ca kara ghAsa bhinna-bhinna rasa rUpa pariNata ho gayA, usI prakAra eka hI prakAra ke karma-paramANu bhinna-bhinna jIvoM ke kaSAya ke AdhAra para bhinna-bhinna phala dene kI zakti prApta karate haiN|| paMcama karma-grantha meM batAyA hai-39 parvata rekhA sama anantAnubandhI kaSAya se atyanta tIvra halAhala samAna kaTu anubhAgabandha - ba~dhatA hai| pRthvIrekhA sama apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya se tIvratama viSa ke jaisA kaTu rasa bandha hotA hai| bAlukArekhA sama pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya se ba~dhane vAlA anubhAga bandha kAMjIra samAna tIvra kaTu hotA hai| jalarekhA ke samAna saMjvalana kaSAya se ba~dhane vAlA rasabandha - nIma ke samAna tIvra kaTu hotA hai| ye anubhAga-bandha anantAnubandhI saha cAroM tIvra kaSAyoM ke sadbhAva meM ba~dhate haiN| manda-kaSAya kI pariNati meM cAra prakAra ke anubhAga bandha isa prakAra hote haiM-40 manda (gur3a samAna), mandatara (khANDa samAna), mandatama (zarkarA jaisI), atyanta manda (amRtvt)| ye samasta bheda mukhyatayA batAe gae haiN| vaise sUkSma rUpa meM kaSAya ke asaMkhya bheda haiM, tadanusAra asaMkhya rasa-bandha bhI haiN| kaSAya va nokaSAyeM mohanIya sambandhita prakRti-bandha kaSAya-mohanIya karmaprakRti samaya ke paripakva hone para krodha, mAna, mAyA, aura lobha Adi bhAvoM ke udaya kA kAraNa banatI hai| nokaSAya mohanIya karmaprakRti kAla paripAka hone para hAsya, rati Adi nokaSAya rUpa bhAvoM ke udaya kA kAraNa banatI hai| ____ ina karma-prakRtiyoM kA svarUpa aneka apekSAoM se paMcama karma-grantha meM pratipAdita hai|" 38. paMcama karma-grantha/ gA. 63-64 kI vyAkhyA39. (a) go. ka./ gA. 184 (ba) paMcama karma-grantha/ gA. 65 40. (a) go. ka./gA. 184 (ba) paMcama karma-grantha gA. 65 41. paMcama karma-grantha / gA. 2 se 19

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kaSAya aura karma (ka) dhruvabandhinI- apane kAraNa kI vidyamAnatA meM jo karma-prakRtiyA~ avazya ba~dhatI haiM, ve 18 haiN| ___ solaha kaSAya evaM bhaya, jugupsA- ina karma-prakRtiyoM kA udaya samaya bhI satat bandhana calatA hai| (kha) adhruvabandhinI- bandhakAraNa hone para jo karma-prakRtiyA~ kabhI ba~dhatI bhI haiM aura kabhI nahIM bhI ba~dhatI haiM arthAt kinhIM do yA tIna karma-prakRtiyoM meM se eka kA bandha hotA hai| hAsya athavA zoka, rati yA arati, strIveda-puruSaveda-napuMsakaveda meM se eka prakRti kA eka samaya bndh| (ga) dhruvodayA- jo karma-prakRtiyA~ karma-kSaya kI antima avasthA taka udaya meM rahatI haiN| koI bhI karma-prakRti sadA udaya meM nahIM rhtii| (gha) adhuvodayA- apane udayakAla-paryanta jo karma-prakRtiyA~ kabhI udaya meM hotI hai, kabhI nhiiN| __ kaSAya athavA nokaSAya mohanIya kI samasta prakRtiyA~ nirantara udaya meM nahIM rhtii| eka samaya eka kA udaya hotA hai| (Ga) dhruvasattA- jinakI sattA viccheda kAla taka banI rahatI haiN| apane udayakAla paryanta sabhI kI sattA banI rahatI hai| (ca) adhruvasattA- jinakI sattA viccheda kAla se pUrva kabhI rahatI haiM, kabhI nhiiN| adhruvasattA vAlI koI karma-prakRti nahIM hai| (cha) sarvaghAtinI- jo karma-prakRtiyA~ Atma-guNoM kA pUrNa rUpa se ghAta karatI haiN| ve nimna haiM anantAnubandhI catuSka, apratyAkhyAnI catuSka, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa ctussk| (ja) dezaghAtinI- AMzika rUpa se Atma-guNoM ko AvRta karane vAlI karma-prakRtiyA~- saMjvalana kaSAyacatuSka, nau nokaSAya / (jha) puNya-pApa- zubhAzubha phala dene vAlI krm-prkRtiyaaN| tattvArthasUtrAnusAra 42- hAsya, rati, puruSaveda puNyakarma-prakRtiyA~ tathA anya sabhI pApa karma-prakRtiyA~ haiN| gommaTasAra ke anusAra- sabhI karma-prakRtiyA~ pApa prakRtiyA~ haiN| (a) parAvartamAnA- sajAtIya karma-prakRti ke udaya kA nirodha karake jo karma-prakRtiyA~ udaya hotI haiN| solaha kaSAya, hAsya-rati, arati-zoka, tIna ved| (ta) aparAvartamAnA- kisI karma-prakRti ke udaya ko na roka kara jo udaya hotI haiM ve haiM- bhaya, jugupsaa| 42. tattvArthasUtra a. 8/ sU. 26

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana - kaSAya - nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM ke bandha-sthAna eka samaya meM jitane karmoM ke bandha hote haiM, utane samUha ko bandhasthAna kahate haiN| kisa guNa sthAna meM kitanI karma-prakRtiyA~ yugapat bandha ko prApta hotI haiM, nimnalikhita haiM- 43 bandha guNa karma-prakRtiyA~ kula sthAna sthAna saMkhyA 1 1 solaha kaSAya, hAsya-rati (athavA arati zoka), ekaveda, bhaya, jugupsA 2 2 solaha kaSAya, hAsya-rati (athavA arati zoka) puruSaveda (yA strIveda), bhaya, jugupsA 3 apratyAkhyAnI, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, saMjvalana (12 kaSAya), hAsya-rati (athavA zoka arati) puruSaveda (athavA strIveda), bhaya, jugupsA 17 - " 17 5 5 pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, saMjvalana (8 kaSAya), hAsya-rati (athavA zoka arati)puruSaveda (athavA strIveda), bhaya, jugupsA saMjvalana kaSAya, hAsya-rati (yA zoka arati) puruSaveda (yA strIveda), bhaya, jugupsA 7 saMjvalana kaSAya, hAsya-rati, puruSaveda (yA strIveda) bhaya, jugupsA 88 9 9 (bhAga-1) saMjvalana kaSAya, eka veda 10 9 (bhAga-2) saMjvalana kaSAya 11 9 (bhAga-3) saMjvalana mAna, mAyA, lobha 12 9 (bhAga-4) saMjvalana mAyA, lobha 13 9 (bhAga-5) saMjvalana lobha pradeza-bandha jisa prakAra Aga meM tapAye lohe ke gole ko pAnI meM DAla dene para vaha apane nikaTavartI jala ko grahaNa karatA hai, kintu dUrastha jala ko grahaNa nahIM karatA; vaise hI jIva jina AkAza-pradezoM meM sthita hotA hai - unhIM AkAzapradezoM meM rahane vAle karma-paramANuoM ko grahaNa karatA hai| jIva ke dvArA grahaNa kiye jAne vAle karma-paramANuoM kI kaSAya evaM nokaSAya mohanIya meM vibhAjana kI prakriyA ko tAlikA ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kara rahe haiN| 43. paMcama karma grantha gA. 24

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kaSAya aura karma kaSAya evaM nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM kA pradeza-bandha karma-paramANuoM kA vibhAjana " sarvaghAtI dezaghAtI anantAnubandhI apratyAkhyAnI pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyacatuSka kaSAyacatuSka kaSAyacatuSka kaSAya mohanIya nokaSAya mohanIya - - - saMjvalana krodha saMjvalana mAna saMjvalana mAyA saMjvalana,lobha / / / hAsya rati bhaya jugupsA strIveda/puruSaveda zoka arati napuMsaka veda gommaTasAra ke anusAra karma-paramANuoM kA kaSAya evaM nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM meM vibhAjana- 15 __ sarvAdhika karma-paramANu anantAnubandhI lobha usase alpa mAyA krodha mAna apratyAkhyAnI lobha mAyA krodha mAna pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa lobha mAyA krodha mAna saMjvalana lobha saMjvalana lobha ke samAna saMjvalana mAyA, krodha, mAna, hAsya/zoka, rati arati, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda/puruSaveda/napuMsakaveda meM karma-paramANuoM kA ba~TavArA hotA hai| 44. paMcama karma grantha/ gA. 81 45. go. ka./ gA. 202

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66 kaSAya evaM nokaSAya mohanIya kA anubhAga - bandha46 kisa karma - prakRti kA phala kitanA kaThora ho sakatA hai, ise batAne ke lie 'gommaTasAra' meM cAra upamAe~ dI gayI haiM : upamAe~ zaila (parvata) [ kaThoratama ] asthi (haDDI) [ kaThoratama ] dArU kI lakar3I [kaThora ] ananta bahubhAga kucha bhAga latA (mRdu ) 1-4 5-8 9-12 13 14 15 16 harathara anantAnubandhI-catuSka apratyAkhyAnI catuSka pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa catuSka saMjvalana krodha saMjvalana mAna saMjvalana mAyA saMjvalana lobha 17-18 hAsya, rati 19-22 arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA 23 strIveda 24 25 puruSaveda napuMsakaveda kaSAya evaM nokaSAya mohanIya karma-prakRtiyoM kA sthiti-bandha ( kAla - maryAdA) kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana karma - prakRtiyA~ anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka apratyAkhyAnI kaSAyacatuSka pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyacatuSka 46. go. ka. / gA. 180 47. ( a ) paMcama karma grantha / gA. 29 se 32 "" saMjvalana kaSAyacatuSka, no kaSAya - nau saMjvalana kaSAyacatuSka, no kaSAya- nau adhikatama sthiti 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama ... 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 40 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 10 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 20 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 15 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 10 koDAkoDI sAgaropama 20 koDAkoDI sAgaropama (ba) ka. cU. / a. 3 / gA. 22 / sU. 16 se 22 ( sa ) tattvArthasUtra / a. 8 / sU. 21 11 47 alpatama-sthiti do samaya do samaya do samaya antarmuhUrta kama do mahInA antarmuhUrta kama eka mahInA antarmuhUrta kama AdhA mahInA eka samaya saMkhyAta varSa pramANa saMkhyAta varSa pramANa eka samaya antarmuhUrta kama ATha varSa eka samaya

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caturtha adhyAya kaSAya aura guNasthAna siddhazilA caudaha guNasthAna - sIr3hI-dara-sIr3hI car3hate hue vyakti imArata kI eka maMjila se dUsarI maMjila para pahu~ca jAtA hai; mArga meM mIla ke pattharoM ko pIche chor3atA huA yAtrI apane gantavya para pahu~ca jAtA hai, vaise hI Atma-vikAsa ke caudaha sopAnoM para car3hate hue AdhyAtmika yAtrI mokSa-maMjila para pahu~ca jAtA hai| Agama sAhitya meM inheM jIva-sthAna' evaM paravartI sAhitya meM guNasthAna' saMjJA dI gaI hai| ye caudaha haiM (1) mithyAdRSTi (2) sAsvAdana (3) samyagamithyAdRSTi (4) avirata samyagdRSTi (5) dezavirata samyagdRSTi (6) pramattasaMyata (7) apramattasaMyata (8) apUrvakaraNa (nivRtti bAdara) (9) anivRtti bAdara (10) sUkSma samparAya (11) upazAnta kaSAya chadmastha vItarAga (12) kSINakaSAya chadmastha vItarAga (13) sayogI kevalI (14) ayogI kevalI gunnsthaan| (1) mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna (anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya)anAdikAla se mithyAtva arthAt viparIta zraddhA ke vazIbhUta hokara jIva kI 1. jIvaTThANA paNNatA (samavAo/ samavAya 14/ sU. 5) 2. go. jI. /gA. 8 3. dvitIya karma-grantha /gA. 2

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68 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana zarIra meM 'maiM (ahaM) buddhi', parivAra meM 'mama buddhi', iSTa saMyogoM meM 'sukhabuddhi', zAtA sammAna meM 'upAdeya-buddhi' banI rahatI hai| mithyAdRSTi ko kartavya-akartavya, zreya-azeya, puNya-pApa, tattva-atattva, dharmaadharma ke yathArtha svarUpa kA nizcaya nahIM hotA hai| vaha nava-tattva ke svarUpa ko samyak prakAra se nahIM jAnatA hai| yathA __ jIva ko ajIva mAnanA- jIva anAmI hai, para zarIra ke AdhAra para nAmI mAnatA hai| cetana arUpI hai, para deha ke kAraNa apane ko rUpI jAnatA hai| mUlataH AtmA vItarAga svabhAvI hai, kintu rAga-dveSa ko apanA svabhAva samajhatA hai| AtmA ajara-amara hai, lekina zarIra kI utpatti aura vinAza ke AdhAra para svayaM ke janma-maraNa kI dhAraNA banAtA hai| ajIva (pudgala) ke varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza lakSaNoM se apanA astitva mAnatA hai, yaha ki maiM kAlA hU~, maiM gorA hU~, maiM bhArI hU~, maiM halkA hU~, maiM lambA hU~, maiM baunA hU~, ityaadi| puNya-pApa ke svarUpa ke prati mithyAbhAva- zubha bhAvoM se puNya evaM azubha bhAvoM se pApa-bandha hotA hai| yadyapi azubha kI apekSA zubha-bhAva zreyaskara hai ; tathApi zuddhatA kI apekSA puNya evaM pApa donoM heya haiN| tIvra anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke udaya meM to jIva pApa ko bhI upAdeya mAna letA hai; jaise- krodha karane se saba anuzAsita rahate haiM, jhUTha bolane se lokapriya banA jA sakatA hai| milAvaTa se, kama taulane se dhanavAn banate haiM, Adi galata dhAraNAe~ rahatI haiN| manda kaSAyayukta mithyAtvI pApa ko heya tathA puNya ko sampUrNatayA upAdeya samajhatA hai| Atma-jJAnI pApa ko heya, puNya ko mokSa kI apekSA heya aura pApa kI apekSA upAdeya mAnatA hai| Asrava-saMvara kA anyathA rUpa- zubha-bhAva zubhAsrava evaM zuddha-bhAva kA kAraNa hai| mithyAtva dazA meM zubha-bhAva meM jIva saMvara kI kalpanA kara letA hai| sAmAyika, svAdhyAya kAla meM yadi mAtra japa, zAstra-vAcana Adi pravRtti hai to puNyAsrava evaM Atma-ramaNatA kI sthiti ho to saMvara kA nimitta banatI hai| bandha-nirjarA kA anyathA rUpa- tattvArthasUtra meM 'tapasA nirjarA ca' sUtra ullikhita hai| tapa se nirjarA hotI hai; para kaba? jaba bAla-tapa nahIM; apitu samyak tapa ho| tRtIya adhyAya meM devAyubandha meM bAla-tapa ko kAraNa batAyA gayA 4. 5. 6. rayaNasAra gA. 40 tattvArthasUtra / a. 6 /sU. 3 mokSamArga prakAzaka/ adhi. 7/ pR. 255-256

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kaSAya aura karma hai| bAhya-tapa yadi azubha- bhAva saMyukta hogA to pApa-bandha, zubha bhAva sahita hogA to puNya-bandha tathA zuddha AtmabhAva rUpa hogA to nirjarA kA nimitta banegA / " mokSa tattva kA anyathA rUpa - tIvra kaSAyodaya se yukta mithyAtvI mokSa kA astitva hI nahIM svIkAra karatA / mokSa kI carcA karane vAle kA upahAsa karatA hai / manda- kaSAyI jIva mokSa sukha aura svarga-sukha meM bheda nahIM kara paataa| vaha yaha nahIM samajha pAtA ki svarga meM viSaya-janita sukha evaM mokSa meM sahaja svatantra Atmika sukha hai / mithyAdRSTi tattvoM ke yathArtha svarUpa kA jJAtA nahIM hotA / tIvra kaSAya kI sthiti meM tattva-jJAna sampAdana kI ruci nahIM hotI / manda- kaSAya kI avasthA meM indriya-viSayoM ke prati vairAgya, kaSAya kA upazama bhAva, AtmAnubhava kI tIvra abhilASA, satsamAgama aura tattvajJAna kI prApti ho to jIva samyagdarzana yogya pAtra banatA hai| samyagdarzana se pUrva tIna prakAra ke karaNa hote haiM 8 yathApravRttikaraNa (manda kaSAya kI sthiti ) - pahAr3I nadI ke pravAha meM lur3hakatA pASANa- khaNDa gola aura cikanA ho jAtA hai; ' vaise hI kaSToM ke thaper3e khAtI huI AtmA karma-nirjarA karake kaSAya- mandatA aura Atma-vizuddhi ko prApta karatI hai| karma-paramANuoM kI sthiti antaH koTAkoTI sAgaropama raha jAtI hai-' isa avasthA ko yathApravRttikaraNa kahate haiM / digambara paramparA meM ise adyaHkaraNa kahA gayA hai| adyaHkaraNa se pUrva jIva cAra labdhi prApta karatA hai, jo nimna haiM- " zravaNa ( 1 ) kSayopazama ( cintana kI zakti ), ( 2 ) dezanA ( samyak upadeza kA manana ), (3) vizuddhi ( kaSAya-mandatA) : ( 4 ) prAyogya ( antaH koTAkoTI sAgaropama sthiti), (5) karaNa- ( ( a ) adya:karaNa ( ba ) apUrvakaraNa ( sa ) anivRttikaraNa / apUrvakaraNa ( anantAnubandhI kaSAya-granthi kA chedana) - vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM eka udAharaNa diyA gayA hai - " kisI bhayaMkara aTavI (jaMgala) meM tIna mokSamArga prakAzaka / adhi. 7 / pR. 233 8. vizeSA. / gA. 1207 9. vizeSA. / gA. 1194 10. go. jI. / gA. 48 11. vizeSA / gA. 1211 7. 1214 69 .

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana pathikoM ko apanI ora Ate hue cora dikhAI diye| bhayabhIta ho kara eka pathika ulTe pA~va cala par3A, dUsare pathika ne sAmanA kiyA, para parAsta ho gyaa| tIsare pathika ne coroM ko parAjita kara diyA evaM apane gantavya para sakuzala pahu~ca gyaa| __ isI prakAra bhayaMkara aTavI-rUpa isa saMsAra meM kaI jIva yathApravRttikaraNa taka pahu~ca jAte haiM; lekina anantakAlIna Asakti rUpa rAga-dveSa kI tIvratA se apUrvakaraNa nahIM kara pAte haiN| kucha sAdhaka rAga-dveSa ko jItane kA prayAsa karate haiM, kintu antataH hAra jAte haiN| kucha sAdhaka tIvra bhAvollAsa se usa anantakAlIna rAga-dveSa kI nibiDa-granthi ko tor3a DAlate haiM-12 aisI avasthA apUrva bhAva-vizuddhi se prApta hotI hai| ataH ise apUrvakaraNa kahate haiN| anivRttikaraNa- ye karaNa samyaktva-sammukha jIva ko hotA hai| isa avasthA ko prApta sAdhaka samyaktva-lAbha ke binA nivRtta nahIM hotaa| isake antima samaya meM mithyAtva rUpI andhakAra vilIna hotA hai evaM samyaktva rUpI sUrya kA udaya hotA hai| (2) sAsvAdana (anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA udaya)- yaha guNasthAna krama kI apekSA se dvitIya sthAna para hai; kintu isa guNasthAna kA sparza caturtha guNasthAna se patita AtmA karatI hai| 13 upazama samyaktva prApti ke kSaNoM meM anantAnubandhI kaSAya upazamita rahatA hai| antarmuhUrta meM alpatama eka samaya aura adhikatama chaha AvalI zeSa rahane para anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha meM se kisI eka kaSAya kA udaya hone para samyaktva naSTa ho jAtA hai aura jIva mithyAtvasammukha ho par3atA hai| isa kAla meM sAsvAdana guNasthAna kI prApti hotI hai| (3) mizra (anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA abhAva)- samyaktva evaM mithyAtva kI mizrita sthiti hai, mizra gunnsthaan| dahI aura gur3a ke mizrita svAda jaisI yaha sthiti hai| jaise choTA-sA TimaTimAtA dIyA jalAte haiN| eka kone meM rozanI bhI ho jAtI hai, kamarA aMdherA bhI banA rahatA hai| isa avasthA meM dharma-bodha kI kucha jhalaka hotI hai| prathama guNasthAnavI jIva mithyAtva aura anantAnubandhI kaSAya kA jaba nirodha karatA hai tathA mizra mohanIya kA anubhavana karatA hai, taba vaha 12. vizeSA. / gA. 1195 13. go. ka./gA. 19 kI TIkA 14. dvitIya karma-grantha pR. 215

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kaSAya aura karma guNasthAnaka hotA hai| caturtha guNasthAnakavartI jIva bhI kabhI-kabhI tIsare guNasthAnaka kA sparza kara punaH caturtha guNasthAna ko prApta kara letA hai| (4) avirata samyagdRSTi (apratyAkhyAnAdi kaSAya kA udaya)samyagdarzana eka anupama upalabdhi hai| jyoM ghane aMdhakAra meM bijalI kauMdhane para AsapAsa kA sampUrNa dRzya dikhAI de jAtA hai, tyoMhi AtmAnubhava kA prakAza hone para deha aura AtmA kI bhinnatA kA spaSTa bodha ho jAtA hai; deha meM AtmabhrAnti samApta ho jAtI hai| isa bhUmikA meM bodha ho jAne para bhI bhogoM athavA hiMsA Adi pApoM ke prati virakta bhAva jAgRta nahIM ho paataa| bodha ho jAtA hai, eka dRSTi mila jAtI hai| ThIka-ThIka samajha meM A jAtA hai, kyA karane yogya hai, kyA na karane yogya hai| dikhatA hai ki satya kyA hai? lekina jo samajhA hai, vaha AcaraNa nahIM bana paataa| spaSTa pratIti hotI hai ki satya boleN| satya hI zubha hai| lekina asatya kA tyAga kara deM, itanA sAhasa nahIM juTa paataa| satya jAnanA alaga hai aura satyamaya ho jAnA alaga hai| sahI rAste kA jJAna honA aura usa para cala par3anA - donoM alaga-alaga avasthAe~ haiN| samyagdRSTi samajhatA hai kaSAya upAdeya nahIM hai; kintu kaSAya vinaSTa nahIM hotaa| samyagdarzana tIna prakAra kA kahA gayA hai-15 (a) aupazamika- anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka evaM darzanamoha kA upshm| (ba) kSAyopazamika- anantAnubandhI kaSAya, mithyAtva evaM mizra mohanIya kA upazama tathA samyaktva mohanIya kA udy| (sa) kSAyika- anantAnubandhI kaSAya evaM darzana-moha kA kssy| (5) dezavirati samyagdRSTi (pratyAkhyAna kaSAyodaya)- dezavirata! isa guNasthAna se saMyama kA kSetra prArambha hotA hai| aba satya kA AMzika AcaraNa hone lagatA hai| dezavirata vaha hai, jisane apane jIvana meM sImA banAnI zurU kara dii| apane jIvana ko paridhi denI prArambha kii| dizA taya huI, deza taya huA, sImA bA~dhI, saMyama meM utre| apane jIvana ko saMyata karane para sAdhanA meM gaharAI Ane lagatI hai| Aja Atmika kartavya meM rasa hotA hai, akartavya meM dhIre-dhIre virasatA AtI hai| UrjA kA UrdhvArohaNa hone lagatA hai| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya 15. sarvArthasiddhi/ a. 1 /sU. 7 kI TIkA

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72 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana kA kSayopazama ho kara bhogopabhoga se AMzika rUpa meM virata ho jAtA hai|6 pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya sarvavirati meM bAdhaka rahatA hai| (6) pramattasaMyata (saMjvalana kaSAya kA udaya)- prmttvirt| saMyama ke sAtha-sAtha maMda rAgAdi ke rUpa meM pramAda rahatA hai| saMyama hai, anuzAsana hai, lekina janma-janmAntara ke kaSAya saMskAroM kI manda chAyA hai| kaSAya udita hotA hai; kintu zIghra samApta ho jAtA hai| bhrama, smRti-bhraMza, zubha-rAgAdi pramAda se sAdhaka grasta rahatA hai| isa avasthA meM sAdhaka bAhya zubha-pravRttiyoM meM vyasta hotA hai| hiMsAdi pApoM kA sampUrNatayA tyAga ho jAtA hai| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA kSayopazama evaM saMjvalana kaSAya kA udaya hone para pramattasaMyata guNasthAna hotA hai| 17 (7) apramattasaMyata (manda saMjvalana kaSAya)- isa guNasthAna meM kisI prakAra kA bhI pramAda pragaTa nahIM hotaa| kisI taraha kI abhivyakti nahIM hotii| aba koI sthiti nahIM hotI prakaTa rAga kii| bhItara acetana mana meM kaSAya-taraMge uThatI haiM aura vahIM vilIna ho jAtI haiN| cetana mana dravya guNa-paryAya ke cintana meM tallIna hotA hai| svarUpAcaraNa meM AnandAnubhava kI UrmiyoM uThatI rahatI haiN| isa guNasthAna kA samaya antarmuharta se adhika na hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka kabhIpramatta kabhI apramattAvasthA kA jhUlA jhUlatA hai| apramattatA kI sthiti bar3hane para sAdhaka zreNI prArambha karatA hai| saMjvalana kaSAyodaya rahatA hai| (8) apUrvakaraNa (mandatara saMjvalana kaSAya)- sAdhanA kI isa bhUmikA meM praveza hone para jIvoM ke pariNAma prati samaya apUrva-apUrva hote haiN| sAtaveM guNasthAna meM bhUmikA nirmANa aura AThaveM se zreNI ArohaNa prArambha hotA hai| pratipala apUrva-apUrva anubhava hote haiM, jaise kabhI na hae the| caudaha guNasthAnoM kI AdhI yAtrA pUrNa ho cukI, mukti kI ora, bhavasAgara ke kinAre kI tarapha yAtrA prArambha ho gii| apUrva karaNa nimna haiM 1. apUrva sthitighAta, (2) apUrva rasaghAta (3) apUrva guNazreNI (4) apUrva guNasaMkramaNa (5) apUrva sthitibNdh| saMjvalana kaSAya kA mandatara udaya hotA hai| apUrvakaraNa meM samAdhi kI sthiti hotI hai| anubhava ke srota khulate cale jAte haiN| bhItara kaSAya-saMskAra upazamita athavA kSaya hote cale jAte haiN| 16. vizeSA./ gA. 1231 17. vizeSA/gA. 1234 18. vizeSA. / gA. 1247 - 1248 19. jainadharma nA karma siddhAMta nuM vijJAna/ jayazekhara sUri | pR. 28

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kaSAya aura karma 1 ( 9 ) anivRtti bAdara ( mandatama saMjvalana kaSAya ) isa guNasthAna meM sabhI sAdhakoM kI samAna pariNAma dazA hotI hai| AThaveM taka bheda bane rahate haiM, nauMve se abheda zurU hotA hai| samAna samayavartI sabhI sAdhakoM ke pariNAma samAna ho jAte haiM aura pratisamaya uttarottara anantagunI vizuddhatA ko prApta hote haiN| saMjvalana kaSAya ke mandatama udaya meM vIryollAsa prakhara hone se svarUpa - ramaNatA kI sthiti banI rahatI hai| kaSAya-nokaSAya mohanIya karma-sthitiyoM kA upazama athavA kSaya kA krama jArI rahatA hai| (10) sUkSma - samparAya ( sUkSma lobha kA udaya ) - sUkSma - samparAya meM abhivyakti rUpa meM kaSAya udaya na hone para bhI acetana mana meM lobha kI sUkSma chAyA zeSa rahatI hai / " sUkSma hai, dikhAI nahIM de rahA, adRzya taraMga hai / jaise- pharza para pAnI girakara sUkha jAtA hai kintu eka sUkhI rekhA raha jAtI hai| ( 11 ) upazAnta - moha ( kaSAya kA pUrNa upazama ) - isa guNasthAna meM kaSAyoM kA upazamana ho jAne se vaha kucha kAla ke lie vItarAga samAna ho jAtA hai| moha zAnta ho jAtA hai| jaise- dhUla, kUr3A-karakaTa nadI kI taha meM baiTha jAte haiM aura Upara pAnI ekadama svaccha aura sApha dikhAI detA hai| lekina jarA-sA pAnI ko hilAyA ki nIce baiThA kacarA Upara A jAtA hai| vaise hI kaSAya kA pUrNa upazama hone ke pazcAt bhI antarmuhUrta meM damita vAsanAe~ saMyoga pAkara punaH prajjvalita ho jAtI haiN| phalataH isa guNasthAna se avaroha prArambha ho jAtA hai| 73 (12) kSINa-moha ( kaSAya kA sampUrNa kSaya ) - kaSAyoM kA samUla nAza ! aba aisA nahIM ki jharane ke nIce kacarA baiThA hai, kacarA jharane se samApta kara diyA gyaa| jala bilkula zuddha ho gayA / kaSAya kI samasta prakRtiyoM kA kSaya ho gyaa| sAdhaka vItarAga avasthA ko upalabdha hotA hai| mohanIya ke anantara anya tIna ghAtI karma- jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya evaM antarAya kA kSaya hotA hai| (13) sayogI kevalI ( akaSAya avasthA ) - kevalajJAnI kA jaba taka deha se saMbaMdha hai, vaha sayogI hai| bhagavadzakti, zuddha avasthA prApta hai, kintu kAyA ke sAtha saMyoga hai| (14) ayogI kevalI ( akaSAya avasthA) - mana, vacana, kAya kI samasta ceSTAe~ samApta / zAnta ho kara zailezI sthiti ko prApta karane kI avasthA ayogI kevalI hai| deha se sambandha chUTate hI sAdhaka siddhAvasthA prApta karatA hai| 20. vizeSA. / gA. 13.02

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74 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana uparama evaM sapaka zreNI meM kaSAyoM kA upazama va Apa (9) upazama evaM kSapaka zreNI meM kaSAyoM kA upazama va kSaya guNa ___ upazama zreNI guNa kSapaka zreNI2 sthAna sthAna (8) sarvaprathama anantAnubandhI catuSka (8) ana. catuSka, tatpazcAt darzana usake pazcAt darzanamohanIyatrika mohanIyatrika, usake bAda kA upazama apratyA., pratyAkhyA - ATha puruSavedI - pahale napuMsakaveda, usake (9) kaSAya bAda strIveda kA upazama karatA hai| napuMsakaveda evaM strIveda kA eka strIvedI - pahale napuMsakaveda, phira sAtha kssy| puruSaveda kA hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka, napuMsakavedI - pahale strIveda, phira jugupsA kA kssy| puruSaveda kA upazama karatA hai| bhAga-2 hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka, puruSaveda jugupsA bhAga-3 puruSavedI - puruSaveda kA, strIvedI - saMjvalana krodha strIveda kA, napuMsakavedI -napuMsakaveda saMjvalana mAna kA upazama karatA hai| bhAga-4 apratyA., pratyA. krodha saMjvalana lobha kA antarmuhUrta meM bhAga-5 saMjvalana krodha anukrama se kSaya hotA hai| bhAga-6 apratyA., pratyA. mAna bhAga-7 saMjvalana mAna bhAga-8 apratyA., pratyA. mAyA bhAga-9 saMjvalana mAyA bhAga-10 apratyA. pratyA. lobha bhAga-11 saMjvalana lobha ke asaMkhyAt khaMDa karake eka-eka khaMDa kA upazama guNa.10 saMjvalana lobha kA sUkSmAMza kA (10) saMjvalana lAbhAMza kSaya upazama guNa.11 saMpUrNa kaSAya-prakRtiyA~ upazAnta (12) pUrNataH kaSAya kSaya (a) vizeSA./ gA. 1284 (ba) SaSTama karma-grantha/gA. 75-77 (a) vizeSA. / gA. 1314 (va) SaSTama karma-grantha / gA. 78 saMjvalana mAyA | //

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paMcama-adhyAya kaSAya aura lezyA ASN 3 E KAHANE NE MARCH K citta meM uThane vAlI vicAra-taraMgoM ko lezyA' kahA gayA hai| jaise havA kA jhoMkA Ane para sAgara meM laharoM para lahareM uThanI prArambha ho jAtI haiN| vaise hI AtmA meM bhAva-karma ke udaya hone para viSaya, vikAra, vicAroM ke bavaNDara uThane lagate haiN| yahI lezyAe~ haiN| jinake dvArA AtmA karma-lipta hotI haiM, unheM sthAnAMga-vRtti meM lezyA kahA hai|' lezyA ke svarUpa nirdhAraNa se sambandhita tIna mata haiM (1) lezyA yoga-pariNAma hai; 2 (2) lezyA karma-pariNAma hai; 3 (3) lezyA kaSAya-pariNAma hai|' 'sthAnAMga' evaM 'prajJApanA' meM jIva ke dasa pariNAma nirUpita haiM-5 (1.) 1. (a) lizyate prANI karmaNA yayA sA lezyA (sthAnAMga vRtti, patra 29) (va) liMpaI appIkIraI (go. jI. / adhi. 15 / gA. 489) 2. 'yoga pariNAmo lezyA' (sthAnAMga vRtti, patra 29) 'karma niSyando lezyA' (uttarA. kI vRhad vRtti /a. 34 kI TIkA) 4. te ca paramArthataH kaSAya-svarUpA evaM (paNNavaNA/ pada 17 / malayagiri TIkA) 5. (a) dasavidhe jIvapariNAme (ThANaM sthAna 10/sU. 18) (ba) pannavaNA/pada 13/sU. 1

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana gati, (2) indriya, (3) kaSAya, (4) lezyA, (5) yoga, (6) upayoga, (7) jJAna, (8) darzana, (9) cAritra; tathA (10) ved| jIva ke ina dasa pariNAmoM meM lezyA, kaSAya aura yoga sabako svatantra rUpa se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| paravartI dArzanikoM ne kaSAya se anuraMjita yoga-pravRtti ko lezyA kahA hai| lezyA meM Atma-pradezoM kI caMcalatA kA kAraNa yoga-pravRtti evaM malinatA kA hetu kaSAya hai| mUla hai cetana dravya! usa para pahalA valaya hai kaSAya-tantra kA tathA dUsarA hai- yoga-tantra kA! jaba kaSAya kI taraMgeM yoga-samanvita ho kara saghana hotI huI bhAva kA rUpa letI haiM, taba ve lezyA kahalAtI haiN| bhAvoM kI malinatA evaM zubhratA ke AdhAra para lezyA ke aneka bheda ho sakate haiN| 'bhAvadIpikA' meM kahA gayA hai"- loka ke AkAza-pradezoM ke tulya kaSAya-bhAva ke udaya sthAna rUpa adhyavasAya haiN| inhIM ke samAna lezyA ke bhI asaMkhyAt lokAkAza pramANa bheda haiM; kintu saMkSepa meM lezyA ke chaha bheda batAye gaye haiM (1) kRSNa (2) nIla (3) kApota (4) tejas (pIta) (5) padma; aura (6) zukla- ye sabhI lezyAe~ dravya evaM bhAva do prakAra kI hotI haiN| dravyalezyA- AtmA dvArA grahaNa kie gae jo pudgala-paramANu lezyA rUpa pariNamana karate haiM, unheM dravyalezyA kahate haiN| ye varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza sahita hote haiN| jo nimnalikhita haiMlezyA varNa rasa sparza kRSNa kAjala sama kAlA mRta kutte jaisI durgandha ati kaTu ati karkaza nIla vaiDUrya maNi sama nIlA marI gAya samAna durgandha ati tIkhA khuradarA kApota kabUtara kI grIvA jaisA sar3I lAza jaisI durgandha kasailA kama khuradarA tejas navodita sUrya sama lAla gulAba puSpa jaisI sugaMdha khaTTA-mIThA komala padma kamala puSpa jaisA kamala puSpa jaisI sugaMdha mIThA mRdu zukla zaMkha ke samAna zveta kevaDA jaisI sugaMdha ati madhura ati mRdu / bhAvalezyA- saMsAra meM jitane prANI haiM, sabake apane-apane saMskAra haiN| saMskAroM ke anusAra vicAra aura vicAroM ke anusAra abhivyakti hotI hai| - gaMdha 6. kaSAyodayaraMjitA yogapravRttirlezyA ( rA.vA. / a. 2/ sU. 6 kI vRtti) 7. (a) bhAvadIpikA | pR. 75 (ba) logANamasaMkhejjA (go. jI. / gA. 499) 8. samavAo samavAya 6 / sU. 1 uttarAdhyayanasUtra | a. 34 / gA. 4-7

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kaSAya aura karma 77 kaSAya kI jitanI tIvratA hogI, saMskAra (vicAra) utane hI malina hoNge| kaSAya kI jitanI mandatA hogI, vicAra utane hI sAttvika aura zubhra hoNge| kaSAya anuraMjita ina lezyA pariNAmoM kI bhinnatA ko 'AvazyakasUtra' kI hAribhadrIya TIkA gommaTasAra Adi meM dRSTAnta ke mAdhyama se samajhAyA gayA haijo isa prakAra hai| kisI vanakhaNDa meM bhramaNa karate samaya chaha mitroM ne phaloM se ladA jAmuna kA eka vRkSa dekhaa| sabake mana meM phala khAne kI icchA paidA huii| eka mitra ne kahA-'mitro! calo ! ! isa vRkSa ko girA leM, phira ArAma se jAmuna khaayeNge|' dUsare ne kahA-'pUrA vRkSa girAne se kyA lAbha? bar3I-bar3I zAkhAe~ tor3a lete haiN|' tIsare ne vicAra die-'bar3I zAkhAe~ tor3ane kA kyA artha hai? choTI zAkhAoM meM hI phala bahuta haiM, inheM hI tor3a lete haiN|' cauthA bolA- 'nahIM nahIM!! zAkhAe~ tor3anA anucita hai| phala ke gucche tor3anA hI paryApta hogaa|' pA~caveM ne madhura svara meM parAmarza diyA-'are bhAiyo! phaloM ke gucche tor3ane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? isameM to kacce-pakke sabhI hoNge| hameM to pake mIThe phala khAne haiM, phira kacce phaloM ko kyoM naSTa kareM? aisA karo - per3a ko jhakajhora do, pake-pake phala gira jAe~ge!' chaThA mitra karuNArdra hokara kahane lagA- 'kyoM per3a ko jhakajhorate ho? vRkSa ko kSati kyoM pahu~cAte ho? jamIna para kitane hI pake-pakAe phala gire par3e haiN| inheM uThAo aura khaao|' uparyukta udAharaNa ke mAdhyama se spaSTa hotA hai- vicAroM meM kitanI bhinnatA hotI hai| isa bhinnatA ke AdhAra se chaha bhAva-lezyAoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| chahaH lezyAoM meM se kRSNa, nIla aura kApota- ye tInoM adharma yA azubha lezyAe~ haiN| inake kAraNa jIva vibhinna durgatiyoM meM utpanna hotA hai| pIta (tejo), padma aura zukla ; ye tInoM dharma yA zubha lezyAe~ haiN| inake kAraNa jIva vividha sugatiyoM meM utpanna hotA hai| pahalI lezyA hai- kRSNa! kRSNa arthAt aMdhakAra, kAlA, amAvasa kI rAta jaisaa| kramaza: aMdherA kama hotA jAtA hai| kRSNa ke bAda niil| aMdherA aba bhI hai, lekina nIlimA jaisA hai| phira kApotakabUtara jaisA hai| AkAza ke raMga jaisA hai| tejo kA raMga navodita sUrya-sA hai| jaise bhora hote hI lAlimA cAroM ora bikhara jAtI hai, aMdherA chaMTa jAtA hai| ataH ise dharma-lezyA kahA hai| padma kA raMga kamala-puSpa jaisA arthAt halkA gulAbI-sA hai| abhI raMga hai, rAga hai, vItarAgatA nahIM hai| zveta kA raMga pUrNimA kI cA~danI, zaMkha ke samAna zubhra hai| andhakAra se prakAza kI ora ina lezyAoM kA krama hai|

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78 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana yogazAstra meM pataMjali ne manuSyoM ke sAta cakroM kA varNana kiyA hai| azubha/adharma tIna lezyAe~ aura pataMjali ke tIna nimna cakra eka hI artha rakhate haiN| jise pataMjali mUlAdhAra cakra kahate haiM- usa mUlAdhAra meM jIne vAlA vyakti aMdhakAra meM jItA hai, kaSAyoM aura vAsanAoM kI tIvratA meM jisakI bhAva pariNati hotI hai| pahale tIna cakra sAMsArika haiN| adhikatara loga pahale tIna cakroM meM hI jIte aura mara jAte haiN| cauthA, pA~cavA~ aura chaThA cakra dharma meM praveza hai| cauthA cakra hai hRdaya, pA~cavA~ kaMTha, chaThavA~ AjJA llaatt| hRdaya meM dayA, karuNA ke aMkuraNa ke sAtha hI dharma kI zurUAta hotI hai| zubha-bhAvanA ke sAtha-sAtha vANI kA samanvaya pA~caveM cakra meM hotA hai| chaThaveM cakra meM cetanA ke praveza ke sAtha-sAtha bhAvanA, vANI aura viveka buddhi kA saMgama, inakI trividha ekatA ghaTita hotI hai| jIvana kI UrjA AjJAcakra para Akara Thaharate hI sArA antarloka eka prabhA se maNDita ho jAtA hai| eka prakAza phaila jAtA hai| jise pataMjali sahasrAra - sahasradala kamala- sAtavA~ cakra kahate haiM-vaha chaha lezyAoM ke pAra kI sthiti hai| arthAt usa samaya zukla lezyA bhI prAyaH avyakta ho jAtI hai, nirvikalpa avasthAvat sthiti hai| jaise zarIra ke sAta cakroM meM nimna tIna cakra vikAroM se sambandhita haiM; vaise hI lezyAoM meM prathama tIna lezyAe~ azubha kahI gayI haiN| kisa taraha ke bhAva vicAra kisa lezyA meM rahate haiM tathA vaha kaSAya kI tIvratA athavA mandatA se saMyukta hai yaha viSaya uttarAdhyayanasUtra Adi granthoM meM pratipAdita hai| (1) kRSNalezyA (tIvratama kaSAya)- bhAratIya saMskRti meM yama (mRtyu) ko kAle raMga meM citrita kiyA gayA hai| kAlA raMga kaluSatA kA paricAyaka hai| vaijJAnikoM kA kathana hai ki vyakti ke AsapAsa yadi kAlA AbhA-maNDala hai, to samajheM ki vaha hiMsA, krodha, vAsanA Adi bhayaMkara bhAvoM kI bhUmi para sthita hai| ___ kRSNalezyA vAlA krUra, avicArI, nirlajja, nRzaMsa, viSayalolupa, hiMsaka, svabhAva kI pracaNDatA vAlA hotA hai| jAmuna kA phala khAne ke lie pUre vRkSa ko jar3a se kATane kA vicAra A gyaa| kSaNabhaMgura thor3e se sukha ke lie asaMkhya jIvoM kI hatyA karane kA bhAva A gyaa| choTe se sukha ke lie dUsare ko vinaSTa karane kA mana banA liyaa| rAha se eka vyakti gujara rahA hai, eka kuttA dikhAI par3A, turanta uThAkara eka patthara mAra diyaa| jisa rAha se nikala rahA hai, vRkSa laharA rahe haiM, vaha vyakti pattoM ko hI tor3atA, masalatA, kucalakara pheMkatA calA gyaa| hiMsakatA jaise svabhAva kA aMga bana gaI- yaha kRSNalezyA hai| kaI mAtAe~ 10. uttarA. / a. 34 / gA. 21 .

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kaSAya aura karma baccoM ko krodhAveza meM kahatI haiM- terI TA~ga TUTa gaI kyA? terI jIbha kaTa gaI kyA? terI A~kheM phUTa gaIM kyA? jAna se mAra DAlU~gI! agni meM jhoMka dUMgI! hAtha-pA~va tor3a duuNgii| hatyAe~ aura AtmahatyAe~- isI kRSNalezyA kA pratiphala hai| isa lezyA vAlA svayaM ko khatare meM DAlakara bhI dUsare ko nukasAna pahu~cA sake, to prasanna hotA hai| paMcatantra kI kathA hai-"kisI AdamI kI bhakti se prasanna hokara zivajI ne varadAna mA~gane ke lie kahA, para isa zarta ke sAtha ki par3ausI ko usase dugunA milegaa| usa AdamI kI bhauheM soca kI mudrA meM mur3a gii| kucha kSaNa pazcAt kahane lagA- ThIka hai! merI eka A~kha phUTa jAe aura mere ghara ke sAmane eka kuA~ khuda jaae|" yaha hai kRssnnleshyaa| gommaTasAra meM tIvra krodhI, vaira-granthi bA~dhane vAlA kalaha-priya, nirdayI, svacchandI, abhimAnI, mAyAvI, kartavya-vimukha ko kRSNalezyA pariNAmI kahA (2) nIlalezyA (tIvratara kaSAya)- jo vyakti apane ko surakSita rakhate hue anya ko hAni pahu~cAne kI ceSTA karatA hai, svArtha-siddhi meM sajaga rahatA hai| IrSyAlu, kadAgrahI, pramAdI, rasa-lolupI aura nirlajja hotA hai- vaha nIlalezyA pariNAmI hai| gommaTasAra ke anusAra-13 ati nidrA lene vAlA, dhana-saMgraha kA lobhI, Thaga vidyA meM catura vyakti nIlalezyA yukta hai| jisa vyakti meM lolupatA ho, kucha-na-kucha mA~ga banI rahatI ho, hara kSaNa yAcaka bana kara khar3A ho, mana bhikhArI kI taraha viSayoM kI bhIkha mA~gatA rahatA ho, mA~gane meM lajjA bhI na ho, prApti kI lAlasA ho para puruSArthahInatA, Alasya ho- aisA vyakti mAtra dUsaroM se IrSyA hI to kara sakatA hai| IrSyAlu AdamI dUsare vyaktiyoM ke sukha-sAdhanoM ko dekha-dekha kara jalatA rahatA hai| nIlalezyA vAlA kadAgrahI hotA hai arthAt samajhAne se bhI na mAnanA, dikhAI bhI par3ane lage to jhuThalAnA, satya samajha A rahA ho phira bhI apane vicAroM ko pakar3e rhnaa| vaha pramAdI, AlasI, ati nidrA lene vAlA hotA hai| eka dharmazAlA meM 11. go. jI./ adhi. 15/ gA. 509 12. uttarA./ a. 34/ gA. 23 13. go. jI./ adhi. 15/ gA. 511 .

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana sote samaya eka vRddha kisI yuvA sahayogI se kahane lagA- dekho! barasAta A rahI hai kyA? yuvaka ne kamare ke andara Aye kutte ke zarIra para hAtha phirA kara kahA- nhiiN| barasAta nahIM A rahI kyoMki kuttA gIlA nahIM hai| punaH vRddha ne kahA- jarA cimanI banda kara do| yuvaka kA uttara thA- Apa cAdara ko mu~ha para khIMca lo| vRddha vyakti ne phira kaha diyA- daravAjA banda kara do| vaha jhallA uThA-do kAma maiMne kara liye| aba tIsarA kAma tuma kara lo| yaha hai, nIlalezyA kI prinnti| (3) kApotalezyA (tIvra kaSAya)- kRSNa evaM nIla se kucha zubhra kintu anya lezyAoM se malina caMcala pariNAmoM ko kApotalezyA kahA hai| uttarAdhyayana-sUtra ke anusAra - kApotalezyA vAlA atyadhika ha~sane vAlA, duSTa vacana bolane vAlA, cora, matsara svabhAva vAlA hotA hai| zIghra ruSTa hone vAlA, Atma-prazaMsA aura para-nindA meM tatpara, ati zokAkula athavA ati bhayabhIta hone vAlA bhI kApotalezyA yukta hotA hai| zIghra ruSTa hone vAlA bAta-bAta meM cir3acir3Ane vAlA akAraNa hI jhuMjhalAtA rahatA hai| eka AdamI se par3ausI ne kahA- 'bhAI sAhaba! Ama kA TokarA AyA hai|' rUkSa svara meM vaha vyakti bolA- 'mujhe kyA?' par3ausI ne punaH kahA- 'Apake kheta se AyA hai|' cir3ha gayA vaha vyakti-'to tujhe kyA?' bAta karate hI kATane ko daur3e - kI sthiti meM kApotalezyA vAlA jItA rahatA hai| choTI-choTI bAtoM meM cir3ha jAtA hai, ruSTa ho jAtA hai| cAya milane meM pA~ca miniTa kI dera ho gaI ki roSa A gyaa| __Atma-prazaMsA aura para-nindA kA vyasanI hotA hai- kApotalezyA vAlA vyakti! apanI prazaMsA ke phala bikherate rahanA, ahaMkArapUrNa vacana varSA karate rahanA tathA anya kI AlocanA, doSa-darzana, durguNoM ko bolanA - kApotalezyA vAle kA svabhAva hotA hai| akAraNa hI bhayabhIta rahatA hai| kabhI vyAdhi kA Dara, kabhI vRddhatva kI kalpanA, kabhI mRtyu kI nikaTatA kA bhy| vaha pApabhIru nahIM; kintu duHkhabhIru hotA hai| dharmI vyakti duHkhabhIru nahIM; pApabhIru hotA hai| vaha pApa karane se ghabarAtA hai, vyAdhi, vedanA yA mRtyu se nhiiN| kyoMki jo honA hai, hogaa| usase bhaya kA koI artha nhiiN| jaise mauta honI hai, hogii| usase bhaya kyA? nizcita hai| deha jarAjIrNa honI hai, hogii| bur3hApA AnA hai, AyegA hii| dharma meM praveza ke lie abhaya pahalA caraNa hai| abhaya kA artha haA, jo nahIM hone vAlA hai, vaha nahIM hogA; usakA to bhaya karanA kyA? jo hone vAlA hai, vaha hogA; usakA bhaya karanA kyA? 14. uttarA. a. 34/ gA. 25-26

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kaSAya aura karma yUnAnI santa sukarAta ke lie z2ahara ghoMTA jA rahA thaa| eka ziSya ne pUchA-'Apako bhaya nahIM laga rhaa|' sukarAta ne kahA, 'z2ahara kA pyAlA pInA haipI luuNgaa| yadi maiM zarIra hU~, to z2ahara pIte hI vaha vinaSTa ho jAyegA phira bhaya kI kyA bAta hai? aura jaisA ki granthoM meM kahA jAtA hai- tuma AtmA ho| AtmA amara hai| z2ahara kA pyAlA pI kara zarIra hI naSTa hogA, AtmA rahegI; to phira bhaya kyA? donoM saMbhAvanAoM meM bhaya ko sthAna nahIM hai| kApotalezyA vAlA bhayabhIta, zokAkula rahane vAlA hotA hai| zokAkula zoka-saMtapta honA - sAr3I meM cinagArI laga gayI, phAunTanapena kI niba TUTa gaI, dUdha gira gayA - basa hAla behAla ho gye| pramAda se hAni hone para sajaga rahane kI preraNA lenA alaga bAta hai aura sAmAnya-sI hAni meM duHkhI hote rahanA alaga bAta hai| zubhalezyA meM praviSTa sAdhaka dhanahAni, mAnahAni yA prANahAni ke prasaMgoM meM bhI sahaja raha jAtA hai| jo honA thA, ho gyaa| yaha samaya AnA thA, A gyaa| yaha ghaTanA ghaTita honI thI, ho gyii| aisI sahaja sthiti nahIM, apitu zoka-saMtapta sthiti kApota lezyA meM rahatI hai| aisI ghaTanA kyoM ghaTita ho gaI' aisA vicAra karake vaha Akula-vyAkula banA rahatA hai| (4) tejolezyA (manda kaSAya)- tejolezyA ko pItalezyA bhI kahA gayA hai| 'uttarAdhyayana' meM tejolezyA evaM 'gommaTasAra' meM pItalezyA zabda prayukta huA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke anusAra kArya-akArya kA jJAna, zreya-azreya kA viveka, namratA, niSkapaTatA, saMyama tejolezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| 15 gommaTasAra meM mahattvAkAMkSA rahita prApta paristhiti meM prasanna rahane kI sthiti ko pItalezyA kahA gayA hai|16 kArya-akArya kA jJAna - kyA karane yogya hai, kyA karane yogya nahIM hai| kyA bolane yogya hai, kyA bolane yogya nahIM hai| kyA dekhane yogya hai, kyA dekhane yogya nahIM hai| kyA sunane yogya hai, kyA sunane yogya nahIM hai| kyA paThana yogya hai, kyA paThana yogya nahIM hai| vaha apanI UrjA ko vyartha nahIM gNvaataa| pratyeka kArya meM viveka-cakSu kA upayoga karatA hai| ___mahArAjA zreNika apane jyeSTha putra abhayakumAra ko antaHpura-dahana kI AjJA de kara cale gye| abhayakumAra vicAra meM kho gyaa| kyA yaha yogya hai? to kyA pitA kI AjJA kA ullaMghana karanA yogya hai? donoM kArya hI ucita nhiiN| ataH antaHpura se mahArAnI Adi ko surakSita sthAna meM bheja kara Asa-pAsa 15. uttarA./ a. 34/ gA. 27-28 16. go. jI./ adhi. 15/ gA. 514

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana jhopar3oM meM agni lagA dI gii| jvAlAe~ uThane lagIM, lapaTeM jaise AkAza chUne lagI / mahArAjA zreNika bhrama nivAraNa hone para apane aviveka kA pazcAtApa karate hue punaH lautte| dahakatI jvAlAe~ dekha kara mana meM krodha jvAlA dahaka uThI; kintu jaba mahArAniyoM ko sakuzala dekhA to abhaya ke viveka se pAnI-pAnI ho gaye / 82 tejolezyA yukta vyakti zaktisampanna hone para bhI ahaMkArI nahIM, apitu vinamra hotA hai, vyavahAra meM mAyAvI nahIM balki sarala, niSkapaTa hotA hai, suvidhA-sAdhana prApta hone para bhI saMyamI hai arthAt manda kaSAyI hotA hai| ( 5 ) padmalezyA ( mandata kaSAya ) - 'uttarAdhyayana' ke anusAra mandatara kaSAya, prazAnta-citta, jitendriya avasthA padmalezyA ke lakSaNa haiN| 17 'gommaTasAra' meM tyAga, kaSTa - sahiSNutA, bhadra-pariNAma, deva-guru-pUjA meM prItiyukta citta padmalezyA ke lakSaNa batAye haiM / " deva- guru-pUjA jinhoMne zuddha svarUpa prApta kara liyA hai, jo AtmapratiSThita ho cuke haiM, jo vItarAga, vItadveSa haiM - unheM deva tathA jo zuddha svarUpa prApti ke mArga ke pathika haiM, paMca mahAvratadhArI haiM, unheM guru kahA gayA hai| devaguru-pUjA arthAt zuddha svarUpa kI upAsanA / tejolezyA pariNAmI ko satya kA jJAna hotA hai aura padmalezyA pariNAmI satya ko jInA prArambha kara detA hai| vaha mArga kA jJAtA hI nahIM apitu pathika bhI bana jAtA hai| satya meM samAne kI abhIpsA prabala bana jAtI hai, ataH jinhoMne sat svarUpa prakaTa kara liyA, unake Alambana ko svIkAra karatA hai| zrImad devacandrajI mahArAja ne kahA hai- " " "jinavara pUjA re te nija pUjanA re, pragaTe anvaya zakti paramAnanda vilAsI anubhave re, devacandra pada vyakti ! ' deva-guru kA upAsaka anta meM svayaM upAsya bana jAtA hai| padmalezyA pariNAmI deva-guru-pUjA meM prItiyukta citta hotA hai, saMsAra se prIti alpa ho jAtI hai| mahAmaMtrI pethaDazAha jaba prabhu-pUjA ke lie devAlaya meM praviSTa hote the; usake pazcAt pUjA ke madhya meM bAhara bulAne meM svayaM rAjA bhI samartha nahIM hote the| mahAmaMtrI kI sakhta hidAyata thI - jaba ve pUjA - gRha meM hoM, taba unheM rAjAjJA bhI na sunAyI jAye / 17. uttarA / a. 34 / gA. 29-30 18. go. jI. / adhi. 15 / gA. 515 19. zrImad devacandra cauvIsI

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kaSAya aura karma zuddhatA ke anurAgI padmalezyA pariNAmI kI cittavRtti prazAnta hotI hai, Asakti atyalpa hone se tyAga-vRtti rahatI hai| indriya-viSayoM se vimukhatA hotI hai, ataH mandatara kaSAya kI sthiti rahatI hai| (6) zuklalezyA (mandatama kaSAya athavA akaSAya)- dharma-dhyAna, zukladhyAna meM praveza lene vAlA zuklalezyA yukta hotA hai| 20 'gommaTasAra' ke anusAra pakSapAta rahita, iSTAniSTa saMyogoM meM rAga-dveSa rahita sAdhaka zuklalezyA pariNAmI hai| 21 pakSapAta rahita arthAt satya jaisA ho, vaisA svIkAra krnaa| zuklalezyA vAlA pUrva pakSapAtoM, vicAroM athavA dhAraNAoM ke anusAra satya kA svarUpa pratipAdita nahIM krtaa| iSTAniSTa, anukUla-pratikUla sabhI saMyogoM meM rAga-dveSa nahIM krtaa| nindA-stuti, mAna-apamAna, pUjA-gAlI, zatru-mitra, raja-kaMcana sabhI sthitiyoM meM samatva bhAva meM rahatA hai| hastinApura nagara ke bAhara rAjapatha ke kinAre dhyAna-magna eka RSi ko dekhakara pA~DavoM ke kadama ruka gye| yaha RSi kauna hai? o ho! ye to damadanta rAjarSi haiN| jinhoMne hameM yuddha meM parAsta kiyA thA, Aja ve kAma-krodhAdi zatruoM ko parAjita kara rahe haiN| dhanya hai, inakI sAdhanA! dhanya hai, inakA tapa aura tyAga! !' pAMDavoM ne nata-mastaka ho kara vandana kiyA, stuti kI evaM apane gantavya kI ora bar3ha cle| kucha hI kSaNoM pazcAt kauravoM kA Agamana huaa| ve bhI ruka gye| 'ye RSi kauna haiM? acchA! ye damadanta rAjA! yuddhakSetra meM hama para kaisI bANa-varSA kI thii| ye to hamAre ghora-zatru haiN| Aja acchA avasara AyA hai - pratizodha kA!' sabhI kauravoM ne patthara, kaMkar3a, miTTI uchAlanA prArambha kiyaa| kucha hI dera meM to pattharoM kA mAno cabUtarA bana gyaa| kauravoM ke jAne ke bAda jaba pAMDava punaH usa rAha se gujare to vahA~ kI sthiti dekhakara sArI ghaTanA samajha gye| pattharoM ko haTAyA, muni kI deha puna: nirAvRta ho gii| pAMDavoM ne vandana kiyA aura mahala kI dizA meM prasthAna kara gye| damadanta rAjarSi pUrvavat upazAnta the- na pAMDavoM ke prati rAga, na kauravoM ke prati dvess| yaha zuklalezyA kI carama pariNati hai| yadyapi lezyA ke asaMkhyAt bheda saMbhAvita haiM; kintu sthUla-dRSTi se lezyA ke cha: bheda batAye gaye haiN| 'bhAva-dIpikA' meM anantAnubandhI Adi cAra kaSAyoM kI apekSA lezyA ke bahattara bheda batAye gaye haiM20. uttarA. a. 34/ gA. 31-32 21. go.jI./ adhi. 15/ gA. 517

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84 1. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta kRSNalezyA 2. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta nIlalezyA 3. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta kApotalezyA 4. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta tejolezyA 5. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta padmalezyA 6. anantAnubandhI krodhayukta zuklalezyA 7. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta kRSNalezyA 8. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta nIlalezyA 9. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta kApotalezyA 10. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta tejolezyA 11. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta padmalezyA 12. anantAnubandhI mAnayukta zuklalezyA 13. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta kRSNalezyA 14. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta nIlalezyA 15. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta kApotalezyA 16. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta tejolezyA 17. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta padmalezyA 18. anantAnubandhI mAyAyukta zuklalezyA 19. anantAnubandhI lobhayukta kRSNalezyA anantAnubandhI lobhayukta nIlalezyA 21. anantAnubandhI lobhayukta kApotalezyA 22. anantAnubandhI lobhayukta tejolezyA 23. anantAnubandhI lobhayukta padmalezyA 24. anantAnubandhI lobhayukta zuklalezyA 25. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta kRSNalezyA 26. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta nIlalezyA 27. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta kApotalezyA 28. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta tejolezyA 29. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta padmalezyA 30. apratyAkhyAnI krodhayukta zuklalezyA 31. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta kRSNalezyA 32. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta nIlalezyA 33. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta kApotalezyA 34. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta tejolezyA 35. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta padmalezyA 36. apratyAkhyAnI mAnayukta zuklalezyA 20. kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana kaSAya apekSA lezyA ke bahattara - bheda 37. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta kRSNalezyA 38. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta nIlalezyA 39. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta kApotalezyA 40. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta tejolezyA 41. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta padmalezyA 42. apratyAkhyAnI mAyAyukta zuklalezyA 43. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta kRSNalezyA 44. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta nIlalezyA 45. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta kApotalezyA 46. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta tejolezyA 47. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta padmalezyA 48. apratyAkhyAnI lobhayukta zuklalezyA 49. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodhayukta tejolezyA 50. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodhayukta padmalezyA 51. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodhayukta zuklalezyA 52. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAnayukta tejolezyA 53. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAnayukta padmalezyA 54. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAnayukta zuklalezyA 55. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyAyukta tejolezyA 56. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyAyukta padmalezyA 57. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyAyukta zuklalezyA 58. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa lobhayukta tejolezyA 59. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa lobhayukta padmalezyA 60. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa lobhayukta zuklalezyA 61. saMjvalana krodhayukta tejolezyA 62. saMjvalana krodhayukta padmalezyA 63. saMjvalana krodhayukta zuklalezyA 64. saMjvalana mAnayukta tejolezyA 65. saMjvalana mAnayukta padmalezyA 66. saMjvalana mAnayukta zuklalezyA 67. saMjvalana mAyAyukta tejolezyA 68. saMjvalana mAyAyukta padmalezyA 69. saMjvalana mAyAyukta zuklalezyA 70. saMjvalana lobhayukta tejolezyA 71. saMjvalana lobhayukta padmalezyA 72. saMjvalana lobhayukta zuklalezyA

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kaSAya aura karma aba hama ina bahattara bhedoM kA saMkSipta varNana kreNge| 22 anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI kRSNalezyA-isa lezyA meM vyakti kI cittavRtti sarvAdhika kaluSita hotI hai| vaha pracaNDa krodhI, kalahapriya, vaira-granthi bA~dhane vAlA, atyadhika IrSyAlu, dUsaroM ke utkarSa meM asahiSNu hotA hai| vaha dussAhasI, niHzaMka, svairAcArI, mAyAvI hotA hai| usameM indriya viSayoM kI lolupatA, vyasanoM meM Asakti, abhakSya AhAra-grahaNa karane kI vizeSa bhAvanA hotI hai| vaha atyadhika abhimAnI - dUsaroM kA mAna bhaMga karane vAlA tathA svayaM kA mAna puSTa karane vAlA hotA hai| para-strI sevana, pUrvApara vicAra rahita avasthA, pAparata usakA jIvana hotA hai| anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se yukta kRSNalezyA meM nikRSTatama vicAra-dazA rahatI hai| ___ anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI nIlalezyA- isa lezyA se yukta vyakti AlasI, nidrAlu tathA mAyAvI hotA hai| indriya-viSayoM meM tIvra Asakti, kuTumba Adi meM pragAr3ha moha, dhana-saMgraha kI abhIpsA, vikathA-priyatA isa bhAvAvasthA meM vizeSa rahatI hai| ___ anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI kApotalezyA- isa lezyA vAlA vyakti paranindaka, Atma-prazaMsaka, zoka meM DUbane vAlA, IrSyAlu, moha-saMtuSTi ke lie ati vyaya karane vAlA hotA hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI tejolezyA- isa vicAra-dazA meM pApabhIrutA, nArakIya kaSToM se bhaya, svargAdi sukhoM kI AzaMkA, kAryAkArya vicAraNA, dayAbhAvanA, dveSa-IrSyAdi durbhAvoM se nivRtti hotI hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI padmalezyA- isa lezyA meM bhogAsakti rahita, gaMbhIra, dhairyazAlI, udAra, paropakAra-parAyaNa svabhAva se yukta hotA hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI zuklalezyA- zukla bhAvadazA se yukta aisA vyakti harSa-viSAda, jIvana-mRtyu, zatru-mitra, rAjA-raMka, sukha-duHkha meM bheda nahIM rakhatA hai| hara paristhiti meM vaha sahaja rahatA hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya se yukta vyakti bhI svarga-sukhoM kI lAlasA se tapasvI bana sakatA hai, muniveza dhAraNa kara kaThora sAdhanA kara sakatA hai, bhayaMkara upasargoM meM kSamA kA paricaya de sakatA hai| apratyAkhyAnI kaSAyayukta samyagdRSTi se vaha 22. bhAvadIpikA | pR. 85 se 91

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana adhika kSamAvAna, niSparigrahI ho sakatA hai| anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke sAtha mithyAtva dazA hone se viparIta dhAraNAe~, vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa ke prati ajJAna hotA hai| dIrghakAlIna kaSAya-granthiyA~ ba~dhatI haiM; kintu zuklalezyA ke kAraNa hiMsAdi pApoM se virati evaM zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtti hotI hai| isa tyAga, tapa, kSamA ke bala para abhavya jIva nava-graiveyaka devaloka taka kA Ayu-bandha kara sakatA hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI kRSNalezyA - isa lezyA se yukta vyakti tIvra krodha kara letA hai, kintu vaira-granthi nahIM bA~dhatA hai| vaha asatya bhASaNa, corI, parigrahasaMcaya ityAdi bhI karatA hai; lekina anyAya nahIM krtaa| usakI sva- strI meM Asakti hotI hai; para para - striyoM ke prati vikAra bhAva nahIM krtaa| vaha viSayakaSAyoM kA sevana karatA hai; kintu unheM ucita nahIM maantaa| zreya azreya, kartavya - akartavya kA use bodha hotA hai; para kabhI-kabhI viSaya kaSAya usa para vijaya prApta kara lete haiN| 86 apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI nIlalezyA - nIlalezyA kRSNalezyA se kiMcit ujjvala hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI kRSNalezyA vAlA pUrvApara ke vicAra - sahita kArya karatA hai; kintu usameM kucha Alasya rahatA hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI kApotalezyA - apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI kApotalezyA vAlA akAraNa krodha nahIM karatA hai; kintu yadi koI usake kArya meM bAdhA DAla de, to krodhAbhibhUta ho jAtA hai| vaha kisI doSI vyakti kI nindA evaM mahAdoSI kA parAbhava bhI karatA hai| use iSTa kA viyoga hone para zoka, parAbhava ke prasaMga meM bhaya hotA hai| usameM pApa pravRtti kI bhAvanA alpa hotI hai evaM nyAya rUpa AjIvikA ke lie vaha asi, masi, kRSi, vANijya, zilpa, pazupAlana Adi ke viSaya meM pravRtti karatA hai| vaha nyAyapUrNa AjIvikA karatA hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI tejolezyA - isa lezyA vAle vyakti meM krodhAdi kaSAyoM kI mandatA hotI hai| vaha rAjya, AjIvikA, vivAha Adi kAryoM meM udAsIna hotA hai| usakA pUjA-prabhAvanA, tIrtha-yAtrA, tapa-saMyama Adi meM ullAsa-bhAva hotA hai / saMsAra tyAga kI, zrAvaka evaM sAdhudharma grahaNa karane kI vizeSa bhAvanA usameM hotI hai| hiMsA, asatya, steya, abrahmacarya evaM parigraha kI vRtti usameM alpa hotI hai| vaha dhana-vyaya karane meM udAra hotA hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI padmalezyA - isa lezyA se yukta vyakti ke krodhAdi kaSAya atyalpa ho jAte haiN| vaha viSaya, kaSAya evaM AjIvikA se sambandhita

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kaSAya aura karma 87 kAryoM ko tyAga detA hai| usameM zrAvaka-dharma, sAdhu-dharma grahaNa karane kI icchA nirantara banI rahatI hai| vaha muniyoM, guruoM tathA caturvidha saMgha kI sevA meM sadaiva tatpara rahatA hai| apratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI zuklalezyA-viSaya-vAsanA kA abhAva, snehIjanoM ke prati alpatama rAga-bhAva, sAta bhayarahita, prApta sAmagrI meM samatva bhAva yukta dazA isa lezyA meM hotI hai| pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI tejolezyA- pratyAkhyAna kaSAya meM kRSNa, nIla, kApotalezyAoM kA abhAva hotA hai| pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI tejolezyA vAlA gahastha sAdhaka saMsAra, zarIra evaM bhoga se virakta rahatA hai| usameM hiMsA evaM parigraha ati alpa hotA hai| vaha zrAvaka-dharma ko svIkAra karatA hai| usameM sAdhudharma grahaNa karane kI icchA banI rahatI hai| vaha udyamI, saMkalpI evaM virodhI hiMsA se nivRtta hotA hai tathA ArambhI hiMsA arthAt bhojana Adi kriyAoM meM bhI hiMsA atyalpa karatA hai| usakI laukika kAryoM meM aruci aura dharma kArya meM vizeSa prIti hotI hai| pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI padmalezyA- jo vizeSa rUpa se tyAga-vRtti meM rahatA hai - vaha pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI padmalezyA se yukta hotA hai| pratyAkhyAna kaSAya kI zuklalezyA- isa lezyA meM tyAgI jIvana svIkAra karane ke sAtha-sAtha jisameM samatva kI ucca-bhUmikA hotI hai| saMjvalana kaSAya kI tejolezyA- isa lezyA se yukta muni zramaNa hote haiN| ve saMyama meM rata, svAdhyAya-dhyAna meM lIna tathA parISahoM ko sahana karate haiN| ___ saMjvalana kaSAya kI padmalezyA- mandatama kaSAya avasthA isa lezyA meM hotI hai| saMjvalana kaSAya kI zuklalezyA- jisa lezyA meM rAga-dveSa kaSAya lagabhaga nahIM hotA hai, vaha saMjvalana kaSAya kI zuklalezyA hai| isa prakAra 'bhAva-dIpikA' meM kaSAya kI apekSA se lezyA ke bahattara bheda pratipAdita karate hue unakA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA hai| 'uttarAdhyayana' meM lezyA-pariNAmoM kI saMkhyA 243 batAI gaI hai23 evaM adhika-se-adhika lezyA ke sthAna batAte hue kahA gayA hai- asaMkhya avasarpiNI 23. uttarAdhyayana/ a. 34/ gA. 20

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88 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana aura utsarpiNI kAla ke jitane samaya ho sakate haiM, utane hI sthAna lezyAoM ke ho sakate haiN| 24 asaMkhyAt lokAkAza pradezoM ke samAna sthAna lezyAoM ke haiN| bhAvoM ke AdhAra se eka jIva lezyA ke aneka sthAnoM kA sparza kara sakatA hai| mithyAdRSTi jIva chahoM lezyAoM meM raha sakatA hai, vItarAgI (sayogI kevalI) ke mAtra zuklalezyA hotI hai| ayogI avasthA meM jIva lezyA rahita hotA hai| lezyA ke AdhAra para gati-nirdhAraNa uttarAdhyayana meM kRSNa, nIla va kApotalezyA ko durgati kA kAraNa, narakatiryaJca gati kA hetu batAyA gayA hai tathA tejo, padma va zuklalezyA ko manuSya tathA devagati bandha kA kAraNa batAyA hai| 25 yaha ullekha bhI prApta hotA hai ki kRSNalezyA se narakagati, nIlalezyA se sthAvara, kApotalezyA se pazu-pakSI rUpa tiryaJcagati, tejolezyA se manuSyagati, padmalezyA se devagati tathA zuklalezyA se devagati yA siddhagati prApta hotI hai| yaha bhI apekSA se kathana hai| bhAvoM ke AdhAra se eka jIva lezyA ke aneka sthAnoM kA sparza kara sakatA hai| mithyAdRSTi jIva chahoM lezyAoM meM raha sakatA hai, vItarAgI (sayogI kevalI) ke mAtra zuklalezyA hotI hai| ayogI avasthA meM jIva lezyA rahita hotA hai| 24. uttarAdhyayana/ a. 34/ gA. 20 25. uttarAdhyayana/ a. 34/ gA. 41 se 43

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SaSTham adhyAya kaSAya aura tattva Gam 'tasya bhAvastattvama', 'tattvau bhAve iti tva pratyayaH', tat zabda sarvanAma hai aura sarvanAma zabda sAmAnya artha kA vAcaka hotA hai| jo padArtha jisa rUpa se avasthita hai, usakA usa-rUpa honA tattva hai| tattvasAra meM tattva kA artha astitvayukta padArtha batAyA gayA hai| pratyeka padArtha meM pRthak-pRthak dharma rahatA hai| jisa dharma ke anusAra padArtha kA nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai, usa dharma ko tattva kahate haiN| tattvanirUpaNa jinendra bhagavAn dvArA prarUpita hai| tattva ke kahIM nau evaM kahIM sAta bheda batAye gaye haiN| kahA hai, "jIvAjIvA ya baMdho ya, puNNaM pAvAsavo thaa| saMvaro nijjarA mokkho, saMtee tahiyA nv||" tattva nau hote haiM- jIva, ajIva, bandha, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA 1. sarvArthasiddhi/a. 1/sU. 2 (ba) darzAbhRta/gA. 20 2. tattvasAra/gA. 1 pR. 4 5. navatattva/gA. 1 3. samyagdarzana a. 3/pR. 227 6. uttarAdhyayana/a. 28/gA. 14 4. (a) yogazAstra/pra. 1/zloka 17

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90 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana aura mokss| kaI granthoM meM sAta tattvoM kA ullekha hai; yathA - 'jIvAjIvAsrabandhasaMvaranirjarA mokssaastttvm|' jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa puNya-pApa kA Asrava meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| zubha karmoM kA Agamana puNyAsrava aura azubhakarmoM kA Agamana pApAsrava hai, tathA zubhakarmoM kA bandha puNyabandha aura azubhakarmoM kA bandha pApabandha kahalAtA hai| mukhyatayA jIva aura ajIva, ina do tattvoM meM samasta tattvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| Asrava, bandha evaM pApa kaSAya-pariNAmoM ke svarUpa evaM saMvara, nirjarA tathA mokSa kaSAya-kSaya ke phalasvarUpa nirmita avasthAe~ haiN| ye AtmA kI azuddhi-zuddhi, hrAsa-vikAsa kI sUcaka haiN| ata: ina tattvoM ko heya, jJeya, upAdeya- rUpa meM tIna zreNiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai|' jJeya - jIva, ajIva, heya - Asrava, bandha, pApa, upAdeya - saMvara, nirjarA, mokss| puNya tattva mokSa kI apekSA heya evaM pApa kI apekSA upAdeya tattva hai| jIva jaba dhana Adi acetana padArthoM meM sukha-zAnti khojatA hai, rAgAdi vikalpa karatA hai, taba ajIva/karma ke sAtha saMyoga hotA hai| karma kA Agamana Asrava evaM karma kA bandhana bandha tattva ke antargata kahalAtA hai| kaSAyamandatA puNya evaM kaSAya tIvratA pApa rUpa avasthA hai| jaba jIva sva-para bhedavijJAna karake vikalpa utpanna karane vAle karmoM/saMskAroM ko Ane se rokatA hai evaM pUrvabaddha saMskAroM ko kATatA calA jAtA hai, taba saMvara evaM nirjarA tathA moha-kSaya kI avasthA meM mokSatattva hotA hai| isa taraha tattvoM ke do khaNDa haiM - eka kaSAyautpAdaka aura dUsarA kaSAya nivaark| aba hama isa adhyAya meM tattvoM meM kaSAya-svarUpa para vicAraNA kareMgejIva : svabhAva aura vibhAvadazA bRhad-dravyasaMgraha meM jIva kA lakSaNa batAte hae kahA hai-10 ___"jIvo uvaogamayo, amutti kattA sadeha parimANo, bhottA saMsAratyo, siddho so vissoddddhgii|" jo jItA hai, upayogamaya hai, amUrttika hai, kartA hai, svadeha parimANa hai, bhoktA hai, saMsAra meM sthita hai, siddha hai aura svabhAvataH Urdhvagamana karatA hai, vaha jIva hai| 7. tattvArtha sUtra/a. 1/sU. 4 9. vahI 8. tattvajJAna pravezikA/gA. 1/TI. pR. 5 10. bRhad dravyasaMgraha

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kaSAya aura karma __ AcArAMga, bhagavatI2, dazavaikAlika'3, tattvArtha Adi granthoM meM AtmA/ jIva kA lakSaNa jJAna batAyA gayA hai| zuddha nizcayanaya kI apekSA se vaha jIva na lambA hai, na choTA hai, na gola hai, na trikoNa hai, na caukora hai aura na hI maNDalAkAra hai| vaha na kRSNa hai, na nIla hai, na lAla hai, na pIta hai aura na hI zukla hai| vaha na sugandhayukta hai aura na durgandhayukta hai| vaha na tikta hai, na kaTu hai, na kaSAya hai, na Amla hai aura na madhura hai| vaha na karkaza hai, na mRdu hai, na guru hai aura na hI laghu hai| vaha na zItala hai, na uSNa hai, na snigdha hai aura na hI rUkSa hai| vaha na zarIravAna hai, na hI janmadharmA hai aura na hI saMgayukta hai| vaha na strI hai, na puruSa hai aura na napuMsaka hai| vaha na zabda hai, na rUpa hai, na gandha hai, na rasa hai aura na sparza hI hai|5 vaha jIva na chedA jAtA, na bhedA jAtA, na jalAyA jAtA aura na mArA jAtA hai| 16 vaha anAdi, anidhana, avinAzI, akSaya, dhruva aura nitya hai| tattvasAra meM zuddha nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se svajIva tattva ke viSaya meM devasena kahate haiM-18 'jisake na krodha hai, na mAna hai, na mAyA hai, na lobha hai, na zalya hai, na koI lezyA hai aura na janma, jarA aura maraNa bhI hai, vahI niraMjana maiM huuN|' zuddha dravyadRSTi se jIva meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ityAdi vikAroM kA abhAva hai| paryAya dRSTi se saMsArI jIva rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM se yukta hai| AcArAMga-sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- 'vyakti meM jo ahaMkAra hai, jaise- 'maiMne kiyA', 'maiM karatA hU~' 'maiM karU~gA' yaha jIva kA kartRtvabhAva hai| mAyA kaSAyayukta jIva kI sthiti batAte hue kahA hai-20 'mAyAvI aura pramAdI jIva bAra-bAra garbha meM avatarita hotA hai aura janma-maraNa karatA hai|' jainAgamoM meM vibhinna pakSoM kI apekSA se AtmA ko ATha prakAra kA kahA gayA hai-21 1. dravyAtmA-mUla svarUpa kI apekssaa| 2. kaSAyAtmA-krodha, mAna, mAyA Adi kaSAyoM se yukta jIva kI avasthA vishess| 11. AcArAMga/1/5/5 17. bhagavatIsUtra 9/6/3/87 12. bhagavatI/12/10 18. tattvasAra/gA. 19 13. dazavaikAlika/9/3/11 19. AcArAMga/1/1/11 14. tattvArtha 20. AcArAMga/1/3/1 15. AcArAMga 1/5/6 21. bhagavatIsUtra/12/10/467 16. AcArAMga 1/3/3

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92 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 3. yogAtmA-sazarIrI jIva kI mana, vacana, kAya kI caMcala avasthA vishess| 4. upayogAtmA-jJAna evaM darzana guNa ke AdhAra para jIva kA kathana vishess| 5. jJAnAtmA-jJAna jAnane kI shkti| 6. darzanAtmA-sAmAnya bodha jJAna kI shkti| 7. cAritrAtmA-jIva kI kriyAtmaka shkti| 8. vIryAtmA-jIva kI dAnAdi shkti| uparyukta ATha prakAroM meM dravyAtmA, upayogAtmA, jJAnAtmA, darzanAtmA, cAritrAtmA aura vIryAtmA- guNa AdhArita bheda haiN| jIva ke lakSaNa haiM.2 'NANaM ca dasaNaM ceva, carittaM ca tavo thaa| vIriyaM uvaogo ya, eyaM jIassa lakkhaNaM' -jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa, vIrya evaM upayoga jIva ke lakSaNa haiN| caMcalatA ke AdhAra para yogAtmA evaM rAga-dveSAdi manovikAroM ke AdhAra para kaSAyAtmA sambodhana diyA gayA hai| gatiyoM ke AdhAra para jIva ke cAra bheda kie gae haiM-23 (1) deva, (2) manuSya, (3) tiryaMca (pazu-pakSI Adi); (4) naark| jIva anAdi, zAzvata evaM nitya hai; jaisA ki dravya kA svabhAva hai; gati, jAti, liMgAdi apekSA jIva anitya, azAzvata evaM Adi hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne gautama svAmI ke prazna kA uttara dete hue jIva ko zAzvata aura azAzvata donoM kahA "bhagavan! jIva zAzvata hai athavA azAzvata?" "gautama! jIva zAzvata/ nitya bhI hai tathA azAzvata anitya bhii|" "bhagavan! jIva ko nitya evaM anitya kaise kahA gayA?" "gautama! dravya kI apekSA nitya hai, bhAva kI apekSA anitya hai|'' jamAlI ke sAtha hue praznottara meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM-5 he jamAlI! jIva zAzvata hai, tInoM kAloM meM aisA koI samaya nahIM hai, jaba yaha jIva nahIM thA, nahIM hai athavA nahIM hogaa| isI apekSA se yaha jIvAtmA nitya, zAzvata hai| he jamAlI! jIva azAzvata hai, kyoMki nAraka mara kara tiryaMca, tiryaMca mara kara manuSya hotA hai, manuSya mara kara deva hotA hai| isa parivartana kI apekSA se yaha jIvAtmA anitya hai| 22. navatattvaprakaraNa/gA. 5 23. samavAyAMga/sa. 4 24. bhagavatI/7/2/273 25. vahI/9/6/387

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kaSAya aura karma kabhI ekendriya, kabhI dvIndriya, kabhI trIndriya, kabhI caturindriya evaM kabhI paMcendriya ke zarIra meM jIva kA samaya cAra saMjJAoM kI puSTi meM vyatIta hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana meM kahA hai-26 mohanIya aura asAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya se jaba cetanAzakti vikArayukta hotI hai, taba saMjJAe~ jAgRta hotI haiN| saMjJAe~ cAra haiM- 1. AhAra saMjJA, 2. bhaya saMjJA, 3. maithuna saMjJA; 4. parigraha sNjnyaa| samavAyAMga meM saMjJAe~ dasa batAI gaI haiM-20 1. AhAra 2. bhaya 3. maithuna 4. parigraha 5. krodha 6. mAna 7. mAyA 8. lobha 9. odha 10. lok| cAra saMjJA AhArAdi se lobha kaSAya kI mukhyatA hai| samavAyAMga se krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko bhI saMjJA rUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| jaisA-jaisA bAhya nimitta milatA hai, vaisIvaisI saMjJAe~ prAya: jAgRta hotI haiN| jJAnadazA meM nirAhAra saMkalpa, nirbhayatA, brahmacarya evaM niSparigrahatA meM nirata hokara sAdhaka saMjJAoM ko tor3a detA hai| yadyapi jJAna AtmA kA guNa hai; kintu ajJAnAvasthA meM mAtra jJAnadhArA nahIM apitu rAgadhArA/karmadhArA kA saMyoga hotA hai| rAgadveSAdi rahita mAtra jAnanA jJAnadhArA hai evaM kaSAyabhAva sahita jAnanA karmadhArA hai|9 jaba kevala jAnane kI kriyA hotI hai, taba jIva jJAtA kahalAtA hai tathA jaba jJAna ke sAtha kaSAya jur3a jAtA hai, taba jIva svayaM ko kartA mAnatA hai| jJAna se jAnanA hotA hai, jaise yaha bagIcA hai, isameM bhA~ti-bhA~ti ke vRkSa haiM, nAnA-prakAra ke puSpa vikasita ho rahe haiM; kintu yaha bagIcA merA hai, ye vRkSAropaNa mere dvArA kie gae haiM, isa jJAna ke sAtha kartRtvabhAva jur3A hai, yaha karmadhArA hai| karmadhArA ke kAraNa karma-paramANu AkarSita hokara AtmA ke sAtha eka-kSetrAvagAhI ke rUpa meM baMdha jAte haiN| 30 karmabaMdha ke kAraNa saMsAra-saMbaMdha hotA hai| jaba jIva karmadhArA se virata ho jJAna-dhArA meM sthita hotA hai, taba akaSAya guNa prakaTa hokara jIva zuddha, buddha, mukta avasthA ko prApta karatA hai| vibhAva dazA se svabhAva dazA ko upalabdha hotA hai| ___ ajIva : kaSAya kA phala-karma jJAna guNayukta jIvatattva hai evaM jJAnAdi guNoM se rahita ajIva tattva hai| jisameM cetanA nahIM hai, vaha ajIva hai| 31 26. (a) uttarAdhyayana a. 31/gA. 6 29. zAntipatha pradarzana/a. 10/pR. 66 (va) sthAnAMga sthAna 4 30. tattvArthasUtra/a. 8/sU. 3 / / 27. samavAyAMga/samavAya 10 31. uttarAdhyayana/a. 36/gA. 1 28. sthAnAMga/sthAnaka vRtti

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ajIva ke mukhyataH pA~ca bheda haiM-32 dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, kAla aura pudgl| ajIva kA do bhAgoM meM vargIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai- rUpI aura aruupii|3 pudgala rUpI dravya hai evaM anya sabhI ajIva arUpI dravya haiN| zarIra, indriyA~, mana, karma Adi saba rUpI pudgala haiN| jIva ke rAgAdi bhAva se kArmaNavargaNA ke pudgala AkarSita hote haiN| jIvapradeza ke kSetra meM rahe hae karma-skandha yoga evaM kaSAya kI taratamatA ke anusAra sabhI dizAoM se Atma-pradezoM meM ba~dhate haiN| 34 AtmA aura karma meM saMbaMdha karAne vAlA kaSAya bhAva AtmA kA mUla svabhAva nahIM hai| jaba AtmA bahirmukhI hotI hai, indriyoM ke mAdhyama se jar3a padArthoM meM cetanA vyApta hotI hai, vaha vibhAva dazA kahalAtI hai| rAgAdi cetana kA guNa nahIM hone ke kAraNa jIva tattva nahIM hai| ye bhAva jIva meM hote haiM, kintu jIva ke (svabhAvaguNa) nahIM hote| ina bhAvoM kA AdhAra moha hai, moha jar3a padArthoM meM hotA hai, ataH inheM bhI jar3a kahA jAe to kisI apekSA se ucita hai| 5 vyakti ke prati moha hai to vyakti ko AtmA nahIM apitu zarIra ke kAraNa moha hotA hai| zArIrika saMbaMdhoM meM rAgAdi bhAva hote haiN| zarIra bhI jar3a acetana tattva hai| bAhara meM indriyayukta zarIra hai to bhItara jagata meM buddhi tathA usakI vividha dhAraNAe~, smRtiyA~, ahaMkAra tathA usakI aneka vAsanAe~, kAmanAe~, icchAe~ va kaSAyeM, mana tathA inake vividha saMkalpa-vikalpa haiN| vaibhAvika avasthA meM ina sabakA astitva hai, kintu jIva kI svAbhAvika avasthA meM mAtra jJAnAdi guNoM kA astitva dikhAI detA hai| jaise pAnI meM zakkara DAlakara agni para car3hAne se cAzanI banatI hai| usa cAzanI meM uSNatA evaM madhuratA donoM guNa dikhAI dete haiN| kucha samaya pazcAt cAzanI meM mAtra madhuratA raha jAtI hai, uSNatA naSTa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki uSNatA agni-saMyoga kA pariNAma thii| isI prakAra kaSAya bhAva cetana kA svabhAva na hone ke kAraNa zuddha jIva-tattva meM nahIM dikhAI dete; jIva aura ajIva kI saMyogAvasthA meM ina bhAvoM kA astittva rahatA hai| ataH ye bhAva na hI jIvatattva ke antargata haiM, na ajIvatattva ke| Asrava : kaSAya kA Agamana A samantAt lavati karma aneneti AsravaH - jisake dvArA cAroM ora se karma Ate haiM, use Asrava kahate haiN| AtmapradezoM meM kaSAyodaya se Ane vAlI 32. vahI/a. 36/gA. 1 se 47 34. tattvArthasUtra/a. 8/sU . 25 33. vahI/a. 36.gA. 4 35. zAntipatha pradarzana/a. 8/pR. 53

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kaSAya aura karma kArmaNa-vargaNAoM ke paramANuoM kA AkarSita honA, Asrava hai|6 yadyapi Asrava meM yoga bhI eka kAraNa hai, kintu yoga se hone vAlA karmabandha eka samayavartI hotA hai, vaha sUkhI dIvAra para pheMke gae lakar3I ke gole ke samAna hai, jo dIvAra kA sparza karake turanta dharatI para gira par3atA hai| ise IryApathika karma kahate haiN| kaSAyodaya se hone vAlA karmabandha cikanAI se sane vastra para cipakane vAlI dhUla ke samAna hotA hai| ise sAmparAyika karma kahate haiN| yaha karma kaSAya kI tIvratA yA mandatA ke anusAra adhika yA alpasthiti vAlA hotA hai aura yathAsambhava zubhAzubha vipAka kA kAraNa bhii| sAmparAyika Asrava ke nimnalikhita bheda batAe gae haiM-38 (1) pA~ca avrata (2) cAra kaSAya (3) pA~ca indriyA~ (4) paccIsa kriyaaeN| avrata 39 (1) prANAtipAta arthAt hiMsA (2) mRSAvAda arthAt asatya (3) adattAdAna arthAt corI (4) maithuna arthAt abrahmasevana (5) parigraha arthAt saMgraha meM muurchaa| ina pA~coM avratoM ke kArya meM kAraNa rUpa krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha Adi bhAva hI haiN| dveSa ke vazIbhUta ho hiMsA, lobha evaM mAna kaSAya kI prabalatA se asatya, corI, abrahma sevana evaM saMgraha meM jIva kI pravRtti hotI hai| kssaay| jaba krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha pravRtti/kriyA meM dikhAI detA hai taba antaraMga meM ina kaSAyoM kA sadbhAva hotA hai| yadi bAhara meM krodhAbhivyakti ho evaM bhItara meM krodha kI adhikatA na hokara hitabhAvanA ho, to karmAsrava alpa hogaa| indriyA~ sparzendriya, rasendriya, ghrANendriya, cakSurindriya evaM zrotrendriya- indriyA~ pA~ca haiN|" sparza, rasa, gandha, rUpa evaM zabda inake mukhya bAhya viSaya haiN| AtmA yA cetanA indriyoM ke mAdhyama se inheM grahaNa karatI hai, sparzAnubhUti karatI hai, cakhatI hai, sUMghatI hai, dekhatI hai aura sunatI hai| viSaya grahaNa karanA indriya kA svabhAva hai evaM gRhIta viSayoM ke prati mUrchA karanA cetanA kA kArya hai| 36. yogasAra/AsravAdhikAra zlo. 1, 2 (sa) navatattva dIpikA/gA. 21 37. (a) tattvArthasUtra a. 6/sU. 5 39. uttarAdhyApana/a. 31/gA. 7 (ba) AcArAMga/1/9/1 40. vhii| 38. (a) tattvArthasUtra/a. 6/sU. 6 41. tattvArtha a. 2/sU. 15 (ba) praznavyAkaraNa/Asrava dvAra 42. vahI/a. 2/sU. 21

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96 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana indriyoM tathA mana ke dvArA jaba viSayAbhilASA meM prANI nirata ho jAtA hai, taba ve viSaya usake lie bandhana kA kAraNa bana jAte haiN| 43 AcArAMga ke anusAra karmabandhana kI mUlabhUta preraka viSayAsakti hI hai| uttarAdhyayana meM bhI kAmAsakti ko duHkhamUlaka batAyA gayA hai|" kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra kachuA khatare ke samaya apane aMga-pratyaMgoM ko sameTa letA hai, usI prakAra sAdhaka ko bhI viSayAbhimukha hotI apanI indriyoM ko AdhyAtmika jJAna ke dvArA sameTa lenA caahie|5 / manojJa-amanojJa viSayoM meM Asakta hone vAlA vinAza evaM patana ko prApta hotA hai| eka-eka indriya kA viSaya bhI prANI ko prANa vinAzaka saMkaTa meM DAla detA hai, to jahA~ pA~coM indriyoM ke sevana meM vRttiyA~ tanmaya hoM, aise prANI kI kyA dazA hotI hogI? zAstroM meM aise udAharaNa milate haiM ki kisa indriyaviSayAsakti se kauna-sA jIva vizeSatayA duHkha prApta karatA hai|" (1) sparzendriya- hastinI ke sparza kA lobha jaba prabala banatA hai taba madonmatta, balavAna, vana meM svecchayA vihAra karane vAlA gajarAja baMdhanoM meM baMdha jAtA hai, khiccarI nAmaka pakSiNI maithuna sukha ke lobha meM pha~sakara jaba garbhavatI ho jAtI hai, taba vaha prasava ke lie udyata hotI hai; kintu prasava kara nahIM pAtI aura tIvra vedanA se mRtyu ko prApta hotI hai| (2) rasendriya- ATe kI golI meM lubdha banI machalI ATA dekhatI hai, kA~TA nahIM; vaha kA~TA gale meM pha~sakara prANaharaNa kara detA hai| mare hue hAthI ke zarIra para baiThA huA; kintu nadI ke vega meM par3A huA kauA samudra meM jA pahu~catA hai| (3) ghrANendriya- kamala kI sugandha meM pha~sA bhramara saMdhyA hone para kamala kI paMkhur3iyoM meM kaida ho jAtA hai evaM prAta: sarovara para Ane vAle hAthiyoM ke pA~va tale kucalA jAtA hai| roTI kI gaMdha ke pIche bhAgane vAlA cUhA cUhedAnI meM pakar3A jAtA hai aura jaMgala meM phiMkavA diyA jAtA hai| (4) cakSurindriya- dIpaka ke prakAza ko dekha caMcalacitta hokara pataMgA dIpazikhA kA AliMgana kara mRtyu kA varaNa karatA hai| 43. AcArAMga/1/1/5 44. uttarAdhyayana a. 32/gA. 19 45. (a) dazavaikAlika/8/80 (ba) sUtrakRtAMga/1/8/16 46. jJAnArNava/pra. 18/zlo. 151 47. sabhASya tattvArthAdhigama a. 6/sU. 6

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kaSAya aura karma (5) zrotrendriya- sapere kI bIna bajane se mugdha banA sarpa punaH jahara cUsane calA AtA hai, saMgIta lahariyoM se maMtramugdha huA hariNa bhAganA bhUla jAtA hai aura pakar3A jAtA hai| ye baMdhana, vedanA, mRtyu bAhya avasthAoM se sambandhita haiM; kintu Atma-jagat meM isa lobha kaSAya se vazIbhUta huA jIva ananta karma paramANuoM kA Asrava karatA hai| ___indriya viSayoM se sambandhita ye kucha udAharaNa zAstroM meM viSayAbhilASA se hone vAlI hAniyA~ samajhAne ke lie die gae haiN| vaile sampUrNa jagata meM samasta ajJAnI jIva ina viSaya-vAsanAoM ke cakra meM hI ghUma rahe haiN| ina viSayoM kA mUla kAraNa bhItara meM par3I AsaktiyA~ haiN| lobha kaSAya se jIva adhikAdhika viSaya sevana karanA cAhate haiM, pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM kA bhoga karanA cAhate haiN| grISmakAla ho, pyAsa se galA sUkha rahA ho usa samaya yadi koI zItala jala de de to sparzendriya santuSTa ho jAtI hai| yadi usa zItala jala meM zakkara ghulI ho, to rasendriya, yadi sugandhita dravya itra DAlA ho to ghrANendriya; yadi lAla, harA raMga DAlA gayA ho to cakSurindriya evaM yadi vahA~ saMgIta kA Ayojana ho to zrotrendriya bhI tRpti kA ahasAsa karane lagatI hai| lobha evaM mAna ko puSTi milatI hai; kintu padArtha-upayoga ke kSaNoM meM jitanI-jitanI citta kI AhlAdapUrNa sthiti hai, Asakti kA saMbaMdha hone se utanA-utanA karma kA Asrava hai| ataH indriyA~ sAmparAyika Asrava ke bheda ke antargata lI gaI haiN| kriyAe~- kaSAyajanya kauna-kauna-sI kriyAe~ jIvana vyavahAra meM vizeSatayA dRSTigata hotI haiM, unake AdhAra para kriyAe~ paccIsa batAI gaI haiM (1) samyaktva kriyA- zubharAgapUrvaka deva-guru-dharma ke prati vyvhaar| (2) mithyAtva kriyA- sarAgI deva kI stuti-upAsanA aadiruup| (3) prayoga kriyA- gamanAgamana meM kaSAyayukta prvRtti| (4) samAdAna kriyA- bAhya tyAga kintu bhogavRtti kI ora jhukaav| (5) IryApatha kriyA- gamanAgamana kriyaa| (6) kAyikI kriyA- dveSabhAva se yukta kriyaa| (7) AdhikaraNikI kriyA- hiMsAkArI sAdhanoM ko grahaNa krnaa| (8) prAdoSikI kriyA- krodha ke Aveza se hone vAlI kriyaa| (9) pAritApanikI kriyA- prANiyoM ko staanaa| 48. (a) navatattva prakaraNa (ba) tattvArtha a. 6/sU. 6

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98 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (10) prANAtipAtikI kriyA- prANaharaNa karanA / ( 11 ) darzana kriyA - rAgabhAva se dekhanA / (12) sparzana kriyA - sparza se rAgAnubhava karanA / (13) prAtyayikI kriyA- navIna zastroM kA nirmANa / (14) samantAnupAtana kriyA - pramAdavaza upayogI sthAna para mala-mUtra tyAga / (15) anAbhoga kriyA - sthAna pramArjanA kiye binA upayoga karanA / ( 16 ) svahasta kriyA- anya kI kriyA svayaM karanA / ( 17 ) nisarga kriyA - pApapravRtti kI anumati denA / (18) vidAra kriyA - anya ke pApa ko prakaTa krnaa| (19) AjJAvyApAdikI kriyA - vrata grahaNa meM azakti hone para viparIta prarUpaNA / (20) anavakAMkSa kriyA- dhUrtatA evaM Alasya se zAstra - vidhi kA anAdara karanA / (21) Arambha kriyA - hiMsAjanaka pravRtti meM svayaM rata rahanA evaM anya ko usa pravRtti meM saMlagna dekha prsnntaa| (22) pArigrahikI kriyA - saMgraha ke saMrakSaNa hetu kriyA / (23) mAyA kriyA - anya ko ThaganA / (24) mithyAdarzana kriyA- viparIta buddhi kA anumodana karanA / (25) apratyAkhyAna kriyA- pApa vyApAra se nivRtta na honA / jIvana-vyavahAra meM kriyAe~ aneka prakAra kI hotI haiM, una kriyAoM ke AdhAra se vyakti zubhAzubha kA anumAna karatA hai| mUlataH kriyA meM jur3e bhAva se karma Asrava kA sambandha hai / eka jaisI kriyA meM do vyaktiyoM ke bhAva bhinna-bhinna ho sakate haiM; ataH karma Asrava bhI bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| Asrava kA vizeSa sambandha bhAva jagata se hotA hai| kaSAya bhAva meM tIvratA ho athavA mandatA ho, jAnabUjhakara galata kArya kiyA ho athavA anajAne meM ho gayA ho, utsAha evaM prabalatA se kiyA ho athavA alpazakti se kiyA ho, adhikaraNa viziSTa ho athavA sAmAnya ho - ina sabake AdhAra se karma-paramANuoM kA Agamana hotA hai| jIva-adhikaraNa ke 108 bheda batAe gae haiN| " saMsArI jIva zubha yA azubha pravRtti karate samaya ina 108 avasthAoM meM se kisI-na-kisI avasthA meM avazya 49 49. tattvArtha/a. 6 / sU. 9

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kaSAya aura karma rahatA hai| ina avasthAoM meM kaSAya ke cAra prakAra, yoga ke tIna prakAra, kRta kArita evaM anumata rUpa tIna prakAra evaM saMrambha, samArambha tathA Arambha rUpa tIna prakAra hote haiN| saMrambha arthAt hiMsAtmaka kArya kA saMkalpa, samArambha arthAt usa kArya hetu sAdhana juTAnA, Arambha arthAt vaha kArya krnaa| kRta arthAt karanA, kArita arthAt karavAnA, anumata arthAt anumati denaa| ina 108 avasthAoM ke nAma nimnAMkita haiM (1) krodha kRta kAya saMrambha (2) krodha kRta kAya samArambha (3) krodha kRta kAya Arambha (4) krodha kRta vacana saMrambha (5) krodha kRta vacana samArambha (6) krodha kRta vacana Arambha (7) krodha kRta mana saMrambha (8) krodha kRta mana samArambha (9) krodha kRta mana Arambha (10) krodha kArita kAya saMrambha (11) krodha kArita kAya samArambha (12) krodha kArita kAya Arambha (13) krodha kArita vacana saMrambha (14) krodha kArita vacana samArambha (15) krodha kArita vacana Arambha (16) krodha kArita mana saMrambha (17) krodha kArita mana sabhArambha (18) krodha kArita mana Arambha (19) krodha anumata kAya saMrambha (20) krodha anumata kAya samArambha (21) krodha anumata kAya Arambha (22) krodha anumata vacana saMrambha (23) krodha anumata vacana samArambha (24) krodha anumata vacana Arambha (25) krodha anumata mana saMrambha (26) krodha anumata mana samArambha (27) krodha anumata mana Arambha jisa prakAra krodha kaSAya kI yaha sattAisa avasthAe~ haiM, usI prakAra mAna, mAyA evaM lobha kaSAya kI sattAisa-sattAisa avasthAe~ haiN| jIva ke bhAvAdhikaraNa kI yaha kula eka sau ATha avasthAe~ haiN| inakI vizeSa vivecanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai; kyoMki nAma ke anusAra pravRtti kA bodha ho jAtA hai| udAharaNArthakrodha kRta kAya sNrmbh| krodhapUrvaka apane dvArA (kRta) kisI ko mArane kA (kAya) saMkalpa (saMrambha) karanA / ina samasta avasthAoM meM mUla bhAva kaSAya hai| mana se uThane vAle kaSAyajanita vikalpa hI isa zarIra tathA jihvA ko prerita karake koI na koI zArIrika yA vAcika kriyA karane ko bAdhya karate haiN| ye vikalpa citta meM vyAkulatA paidA karate haiN| ina kaSAyajanya icchAoM, vikalpoM evaM vicAroM kA antarjagata meM uThanA hI bhAvAsrava hai| inake pariNAmasvarUpa Ane vAlA karma samudAya dravyAsrava hai|

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana bandha : kaSAya kA bandhana janma duHkha hai, mRtyu duHkha hai, roga duHkha hai, vRddhAvasthA duHkha hai; isa saMsAra meM jIva aise ananta duHkhoM kA vedana karatA hai| duHkha kA kAraNa kyA hai? kyA deha, svajana, parijana, dhana, dharatI duHkha ke nimitta haiM? nahIM, duHkha kA kAraNa svayaM kI kASAyika vRttiyA~ haiN| janma, jarA, mRtyu Adi avasthAoM se gujaranA bAhya bandhana hai; Antarika bandhana svayaM jIva ke kaSAya-saMskAra haiN| eka bhAva ko punaH punaH jIne para vaha saMskAra rUpa bana jAtA hai| jaise corI karane vAle ke corI ke saMskAra puSTa ho jAte haiM, sigareTa pIne vAle ke sigareTa pIne kI Adata majabata ho jAtI hai, cAya pIne vAle kA cAya pIne kA abhyAsa sadha jAtA hai, vaise hI kaSAya bhAvoM ke punaH-punaH Asrava se vaha kaSAya-saMskAra nirmita ho jAtA hai? mithyAtva, kaSAya Adi ke kAraNa Ane vAle karma-paramANuoM kA AtmA se bandhanA- dravya bandha hai evaM kaSAya saMskAra puSTa honA - bhAvabaMdha hai|50 bhAva jagata meM zubhAzubha saMskAra kI apekSA se do bheda haiM- (1) azubha bandha; aura (2) shubh-bndh| inheM pApabandha evaM puNyabandha bhI kahA gayA hai| 51 pApa-bandha meM tIvra kaSAya pariNati se hone vAlI pravRtti kAraNabhUta hai| zAstroM meM pApa-bandha ke aThAraha sthAnaka kAraNa batAe gae haiM-52 (1) prANAtipAta (2) mRSAvAda (3) adattAdAna (4) maithuna (5) parigraha (6) krodha (7) mAna (8) mAyA (9) lobha (10) rAga (11) dveSa (12) kalaha (13) abhyAkhyAna (14) paizunya (15) rati-arati (16) paraparivAda (17) mAyAmRSAvAda; aura (18) mithyAtva shly| (1) prANAtipAta- prANa + ati + pAta = praannaatipaat| prANa girAnA arthAt prANa vinaSTa krnaa| kahA hai, pramattayogAt prANa vyaparopaNaM hiNsaaH| 3 pramAdayoga se prANa samApta karanA hiMsA hai| isa sUtra meM mukhya zabda hai, pramAda yog| pramAda ke binA ho jAne vAlI hiMsA bhI hiMsA nahIM hai evaM pramattAvasthA meM bAhya rUpa se hiMsA na hone para bhI hiMsA kA doSa lagatA hai| pramAda kI mUlAdhAra rAga-dveSa vRtti hai| ataH mUla meM rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM ko bhAvahiMsA kahA 50. (a) yogasAra/bandhAdhikAra/gA. 1 (ba) tattvasAra/gA. 52 / / 51. yogasAra bandhAdhikAra/gA. 2 52. (a) jaina karmasiddhAnta kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana/pR. 35-36 (ba) sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna 18 (sa) uttarAdhyayana/a. 28/gA. 15 kI TIkA 53. tattvArtha a. 7/sU. 8

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kaSAya aura karma 101 gayA hai evaM kisI ke prANa hanana karanA dravyahiMsA hai|54 AcArya amRtacandajI ne bhAva-bhUmikA ke AdhAra para hiMsA-ahiMsA ko paribhASita karate hue kahA hai,55 'rAgAdi kaSAya bhAvoM kA honA hiMsA evaM unakA abhAva hI ahiMsA hai|' hiMsAahiMsA kA sambandha vyakti ke antaHkaraNa se hai| bAhya paristhiti para hiMsAahiMsA kA nirNaya itanA nirbhara nahIM hai, jitanA Antarika bhAva-jagata pr| kAlakausarika kasAI ko mahArAjA zreNika ne hiMsA virata karane ke lie sUkhe ku~e meM utaravA diyA; kintu vaha vahA~ gIlI miTTI ke bhaiMse banA-banAkara pA~ca-sau pAr3e mArane kA saMkalpa karatA rhaa| zreNika ne prabhuvIra se prazna kiyA'prabho! kAlasaukarika ne Aja hiMsA nahIM kii|' mahAvIra ne uttara diyA'rAjan! vaha bhAvoM ke AdhAra se hiMsA kara cukA hai|' tanduliyA matsya magaramaccha kI A~kha-phalaka para baiThA huA machaliyA~ khAne ke vicAra-mAtra se sAtavIM naraka kA Ayu-bandha karatA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM gautama svAmI dvArA bhagavAn mahAvIra se prazna kiyA gayA hai--56 'prabho! kisI zrAvaka ne trasa prANI kI hiMsA nahIM karane kI pratijJA lI ho, kintu pRthvIkAya Adi sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se vaha virata na ho| yadi usa zrAvaka se dharatI khodate samaya kisI trasa jIva kI hiMsA ho jAe to kyA usakI pratijJA khaNDita haI?' prabhu mahAvIra ne uttara diyA- 'nahIM, usakI pratijJA khaNDita nahIM huii|' kriyA gauNa evaM bhAva mukhya haiN| ataH prANAtipAta meM rAga-dveSa rUpa pramAda vizeSa kAraNa hai| (2) mRSAvAda- mRSA + vAda = mRssaavaad| mRSA arthAt asatya, viparIta, apriya, vAda arthAt kthn| aliyavacana pATha bhI milatA hai| vANI sva-para hitakArI ho, to satya kahI jAtI hai|58 hiMsA meM nimitta bane, aisA satya bhI satya nahIM kahA gyaa| anya ke kaSAyotpatti meM nimitta banane vAlA vacana bhI satya hone para satya kI zreNI meM nahIM aataa| krodhita hokara apanI patnI revatI ko usakA aMdhakAramaya bhaviSya batAne para mahAzataka zrAvaka ko bhagavAn 54. abhidhAnarAjendrakoza/khaNDa 7/pR. 1228 55. puruSArthasiddhayupAya/gA. 44 56. oghaniyukti/748-49 57. bhagavatIsUtra/za. 7/u. 1 58. AcArAMga/215

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana mahAvIra ne prAyazcita karane ke lie khaa| sahasatkAra vacana meM AMzika asatya bhI mRSAvAda kI koTi meM AtA hai| Ananda zrAvaka se kSamA-yAcanA karane kI preraNA prabhu mahAvIra ne gautama gaNadhara ko dI / 59 jaba Ananda zrAvaka ne apane avadhijJAna ke kSetra kI sImA ke viSaya meM batAyA, taba gautama ne kahA thA- 'nahIM, Ananda zrAvaka; eka zrAvaka kA avadhijJAna itanA vistIrNa nahIM ho sakatA / ' 102 bhASA satya ho, hitakArI ho, priya ho, madhura ho / kisI ke prANoM para saMkaTa AtA ho, to usa samaya sAdhaka ko satya vacana bhI uccArita nahIM karanA cAhie | metArya muni ne krauMca pakSI ko svarNayava kaNa cugate dekha liyA thA; kintu sunAra ke pUchane para ve mauna rahe / " sunAra ne kuddha hokara metArya muni ko gIle camar3e se bA~dhakara dhUpa meM khar3A kara diyA - naseM, haDDiyA~ Adi camar3e ke sUkhane ke sAtha caramarAne lgii| apane prANa visarjita kara die para krauMca pakSI ke prANoM para karUNAkara muni ne mu~ha nahIM kholaa| jahA~ karuNA nahIM kaSAya hotA hai, vahA~ jAnabUjhakara anya ko hairAna-parezAna kara diyA jAtA hai / bhRSAvAda kA Alambana lekara apane kaSAya ko ajJAnI puSTa karatA hai| (3) adattAdAna - a + datta + AdAna binA diyA huA lenA / vastu ke svAmI kI AjJA ke binA vastu grahaNa karanA adattAdAna hai / " jaba Asakti tIvra ho, lobha / AkAMkSA prabala ho, taba corI jaisA kukRtya hotA hai| paira meM kA~TA cubha jAne para yA hAtha kI aMgulI kaTa jAne para jaise pratisamaya vedanA hotI hai; vaise hI corI karane para bhaya, vyAkulatA, azAnti kA vedana hotA hai| cauryakarma ke pariNAmasvarUpa jIva trikAla meM duHkha prApta karatA hai| corI se pUrva yojanA banAne meM Asakti, tRSNA kA mahAduHkha, corI karate samaya bhaya, kampana, becenI, ghabarAhaTa evaM corI ke pazcAt ihaloka meM phA~sI, kaida, aMgopAMga chedana tathA paraloka meM nIca kula, pazu-pakSI jIvana, nArakIya jIvana Adi meM duHkha prApta karatA hai| yaha tIvra kASAyika vRtti kA hI pariNAma hai| (4) maithuna - maithuna arthAt mithuna pravRtti / 'mithuna' zabda sAmAnyataH strIpuruSa ke jor3e kA vAcaka hai| abrahmasevana / viSayasevana, vedamohanIya kaSAyodaya se utpanna pravRtti hai / janma-janmAntaroM ke sparzendriya ke saMskAra jaba ubharate haiM, zrI kalpasUtra / mahAvIra caritra 60. yogazAstra / a. 1 / TIkA 61. tattvArtha / a. 7 / sU. 10 59.

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kaSAya aura karma taba jIva kAma-vAsanA ke bhAvoM se prabhAvita ho jAtA hai| mAtra sparzendriya hI nahIM apitu paMcendriyoM ke viSaya meM jaba tIbra kAmarAga/bhogecchA hotI hai,62 taba use bhogavilAsa kahA jAtA hai| kintu maithuna eka kriyA-vizeSa hai| isa Asakti ko pApa sthAnaka/ pApabandha kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai| - (5) parigraha- graha dhAtu grahaNa artha meM prayukta hotI hai| parisamantAta arthAt cAroM tarapha se saMgraha karanA - parigraha hai| kahA gayA hai, mUrchA parigraha hai|63 saMcaya meM gAr3ha Asakti - parigraha hai| parigraha do prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai-64 (1) bAhya; aura (2) aabhyntr| kSetra, vAstu, dhana, dhAnya Adi nau prakAra kA bAhya parigraha hai evaM mithyAtva krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, tIna veda caudaha prakAra kA Abhyantara parigraha hai| isa prakAra kaSAyoM ko parigraha saMjJA dI gaI hai| dazavaikAlika ke anusAra Asakti hI vAstavika parigraha hai| 65 vAstava meM tRSNA ke kAraNa saMgraha evaM saMgraha meM Asakti hotI hai| Asakti parigraha kA mUla hai evaM parigraha pApa kA mUla hai| AcArAMga meM kahA hai-66 'arthalobhI vyakti parigraha kI pUrti hetu dUsaroM kA vadha karatA hai, unheM kaSTa detA hai tathA aneka prakAra se yAtanAe~ pahu~cAtA hai|' ataH parigraha pApa hai| (6-9) krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha-krodhAdi kaSAya-catuSka kA svarUpa vivecana dvitIya adhyAya meM ho cukA hai| yahA~ pApa-bandha ke aThAraha kAraNoM meM isa catuSka kA ullekha huA hai| yadyapi hiMsA, asatya Adi samasta pApa-sthAnakoM ke mUla meM ye cAroM kaSAya nihita haiM; kintu yahA~ para inheM svatantra rUpa se kASAyika pravRtti ke rUpa meM liyA gayA hai| krodha-vRtti jaba prakaTa hotI hai, taba krodha-pravRtti dikhAI detI hai| zAstroM meM caNDakauzika muni kA dRSTAnta AtA hai, jinhoMne meMDhakI ke pA~va se mara jAne para apanA pramAda svIkAra nahIM kiyA evaM ziSya ke punaH-punaH smaraNa dilAne para kruddha hokara use mArane daur3e aura mRtyu ko prApta hue| 62. dharma ke dasa lakSaNa/a. 11/pR. 152 63. tattvArtha a. 7/sU. 12 64. (a) mUlAcAra/prathamabhAga/adhi. 5/zlo. 211 . (ba) AcArasAra adhi. 5/zlo. 61 65. dazavaikAlika a. 6/gA. 21 66. AcArAMga/1/3/2

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104 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana dUsare janma meM krodhI tApasa ke rUpa meM Azrama meM ghUmate the| niSedhAjJA tor3ane vAle para pharase kA prahAra kara prANasaMhAra kara dete the| tIsare janma meM dRSTiviSa sarpa hue| jinake dRSTinipAta se jIva prANavimukta ho jAte the| isa prakAra krodha-saMskAra dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva - sabhI rUpoM meM guNAkAra hotA calA gyaa| tAlikA - mAdhyama se kahA jA sakatA hai___ dravya kAla kSetra bhAva caNDakauzika ke bhava meM ziSya para rAtri meM upAzraya meM hAtha se mArane ko daur3e the| tApasa ke bhava meM kucha vyaktiyoM para divasa meM Azrama meM pharase se mArane daur3ate the| sarpa ke bhava meM pratyeka vyakti para rAtri-divasa meM jaMgala meM dRSTi se viSa barasAte the| ___krodha ke samAna mAna, mAyA evaM lobha kaSAya kI pravRtti bhI dikhAI detI hai| laMkApati rAvaNa dvArA bahuterA prayAsa karane ke pazcAt bhI jaba mahAsatI sItA zIla-patha se vicalita nahIM huIM, taba vibhISaNa Adi rAvaNa ko samajhAne lage- 'he jyeSThavarya! hamArA pakSa anyAya, anItipUrNa hai| Apa sItAjI ko vApasa lauTAkara yuddha vibhISikA se bceN|' yaha bAta zravaNakara rAvaNa phuphakAra uThA'he vibhISaNa! aba ye zabda tumhAre mukha para nahIM Ane caahie| maiM apamAna yA parAjaya ke bhaya se sItA ko kabhI nahIM lauttaauuNgaa| duniyA kahegI, rAvaNa bhayabhIta ho gyaa|'67 itihAsa sAkSI hai ki rAvaNa ne usa mAna ke vazIbhUta ho laMkAnAza kara diyaa| isI prakAra mAyA kI pravRtti dikhAI detI hai| mana meM kucha, vacana meM kucha evaM kAya-pravRtti kucha bhinna hI hotI hai| rAjA pradezI ko jahara dene para bhI jaba mRtyu nahIM AI to rAnI sUryakAntA ne rone kA nATaka karate hue rAjA para apane bAla bikhera die aura galA dabA diyaa|68 lobha kaSAya kI prabalatA sarvatra dikhAI detI hai| ataH lobha ko pApa kA bApa kahA gayA hai| gaNikA ke hAtha kA bhojana nahIM karane ke vratadhArI paNDitajI ke samakSa jaba svarNamudrAoM kA Dhera lagA to mana vicAra karane lagA'yahA~ kauna hai dekhane vAlA? eka bAra bhojana kara lene para itanA dhana mila jaayegaa| jindagI meM Ananda hI Ananda chA jaayegaa|' aise anekoM udAharaNa jagata meM, apane jIvana meM ghaTita hote rahate haiN| ata: cAroM kaSAyoM ko pApabandha kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai| 66. (a) zrI kalpasUtra/mahAvIra caritra 67. jaina rAmAyaNa 68. rAyapaseNIsUtra

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kaSAya aura karma ( 10-11 ) rAga aura dveSa - jaba kisI padArtha yA prANI ke prati lagAva yA AkarSaNa paidA hotA hai, to use rAga kahate haiM tathA jaba ghRNA yA vikarSaNa paidA hotA hai, to use dveSa kahate haiM / saMsAra bhramaNa kA mUla kAraNa hai rAga / jIva rAga meM sukha mAnatA hai, vastutaH jahA~ rAga hai, vahA~ duHkha hai / rAga ke kAraNa ajJAnI jIva kisI vyakti, kisI padArtha ko apanA mAnatA hai| deha - rAga se deha - cintA karatA hai, parivAra-rAga se unake pAlana-poSaNa ke lie jindagI bhara lagA rahatA hai, padArtha - rAga se saMgraha karatA hai| rAga ke tIna bheda haiM- ( 1 ) sneharAga- koI viziSTa guNa na hone para bhI jisakI tarapha mana khiMcatA hai / 0 (2) kAmarAga - jisake sAtha saMsArasukha bhogane kI icchA ho / ( 3 ) dRSTirAga- apanI pakar3I huI mAnyatA kA 69 70 Agraha | 105 sneharAga do prakAra kA hotA hai- ( 1 ) prazasta; aura ( 2 ) aprazasta / jo rAga bhava-bhoga kI spRhA se paidA nahIM hotA, nirAzaMsa bhAvayukta hotA hai, vaha prazasta sneharAga hai| ziSya kA guru ke prati sneharAga hotA hai; kintu kendra meM Atmahita kA bhAva hotA hai| niHsvArtha prema se pApabandha nahIM apitu lokottara puNyabandha hotA hai| paramasukhI arthAt paramAtmA kI sevA tathA parama duHkhI kI sevA meM bhI rAga tattva hai, prema bhAva hai, para vaha paramparA se Atma-vizuddhi kA kAraNa hai| parama prabhu mahAvIra se gautama kA sneharAga prasiddha dRSTAnta hai / " mahAvIra ne gautama se kahA thA- 'he gautama! tuma mere prati anurAga kA tyAga kara do / vizAla mahAsamudra ko pAra kara aba kinAre para kyoM khar3e ho ? jisa prakAra zaratkAlIna kumuda pAnI se lipta nahIM hotA, usI prakAra tuma bhI apane sneha ko vicchinna kro|' gautama svAmI ko bhogAsakti nahIM, apitu prabhu ke prati prazasta rAga thA / aprazasta sneharAga- parivAra pAlana-poSaNa bhI vyakti kA dAyitva hotA hai; kintu vaha Atmahita meM sAdhaka nahIM hai| kAmarAga evaM dRSTirAga meM lobha evaM mAna kI adhikatA hai / icchA bhI rAga kA eka rUpa hai / bhogecchA kA saMskAra janma-janmAntara calatA hai / rAga jaba dveSa rUpa meM rUpAntarita hotA hai, to vaha bhI janma-janmAntara calatA hai / dveSa kA svatantra astitva nahIM hai, rAga ko mahattva na milane se vaha dveSa rUpa parivartita ho jAtA hai| aise kitane udAharaNa haiM, jinameM janma-janmAntara taka rAga-dveSa ke saMskAroM ke anusAra jIvana paramparA calatI 69. (a) prazamarati (ba) pratikramaNasUtra 71. uttarAdhyayana/a. 10/gA. 28 uttarAdhyayana/a. 23 / gA. 43 70.

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106 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana dampati rhii| sneharAga meM ariSTanemi evaM rAjImatI kA udAharaNa prApta hotA hai| nau bhava taka donoM meM sambandha banA rhaa| kAmarAga meM rUpasena evaM sunandA kA dRSTAnta hai| pA~ca bhavoM taka rUpasena meM sunandA ke prati kAma-bhoga kI vAMchA banI rhii| dveSa bhAva se sambandhita guNasena-agnizarmA kA udAharaNa samarAditya cAritra meM prApta hotA hai| rAjA guNasena ke prati panapA dveSa bhAva agnizarmA meM nau bhava taka calatA rhaa| kabhI putra ke rUpa meM, kabhI mAtA, kabhI patnI evaM kabhI choTe bhAI ke rUpa meM agnizarmA guNasena ke prANoM kA grAhaka banA rhaa| ___ yaha aprazasta rAga evaM dveSa- donoM pApa sthAnaka haiN| rAga nitAnta ekAnta kharAba nahIM hai, kintu dveSa nitAnta pApa rUpa hai| sneharAga kA ariSTanemi evaM rAjImatI kA nau bhava kA sambandha nimna tAlikAnusAra hai1. dhana kumAra dhanavatI 2. saudharma devaloka meM deva devI dampati citragati vidyAdhara ratnavatI dampati 4. mAhendra devaloka meM deva deva mitra 5. aparAjita rAjA priyamatI rAnI dampati 6. AraNa devaloka meM deva deva 7. zaMkha rAjA yazomatI rAnI dampati 8. deva-vaijayanta vimAna deva mitra 9. ariSTanemi rAjImatI vAgdattA tIvra dveSa-bhAva kA udAharaNa agnizarmA kA prApta hotA hai| yaha dveSa sambandha nau bhavoM taka calatA rahA jo nimnAMkita haiM1. guNasena rAjA ko agnizarmA ne tapta reta kI varSAkara prANavimukta kiyA 2. siMhakumAra (pitA) kI Ananda (putra) ne kaidI banAkara hatyA kI 3. zikhi (putra) ko jAlinI (mAtA) ne zramaNa jIvana meM viSa mizrita AhAra diyA 4. dhanakumAra (pati) ko dhanazrI (patnI) ne muni rUpa meM lakar3iyoM meM jalA diyA 5. jayakumAra (jyeSTha bhrAtA) kii| vijaya (laghubhrAtA) ne RSi rUpa meM hatyA kI 6. dharaNa (pati) kI lakSmI (patnI) ne zramaNa jIvana meM hatyA kI 7. sena (cacere bhAI) kI viSeNa (cacere bhAI) ne muni rUpa meM hatyA kI 8. guNacandra rAjA ko vANa vyantaradeva rUpa meM mArane kA vicAra kiyA 9. samarAditya (kevalI) ko giriSeNa (caNDAla) ne mArane kA bhAva kiyA 72. zrI kalpasUtra/ariSTanemi caritra 73. samarAditya cAritra mitra

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kapAya aura karma 107 (11-12) kalaha aura abhyAkhyAna-krodha jaba vAdavivAda kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai, taba kalaha kahalAtA hai| kalaha meM kaSAyoM ke Azraya se lezyAe~ azubha banatI haiM, adhyavasAyoM kI dhArA malina banatI hai, ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna hotA hai| jaise IMdhana DAlane se agni bhar3akatI hai, vaise hI krodha meM pratikriyA rUpa zabda bolate jAne se kalaha ho jAtA hai| kalahapriya vyaktiyoM kA svabhAva sAmAnya-sAmAnya viSayoM meM jhagar3A karane kA hotA hai| aise vyakti apane aparAdha ko svIkAra na kara dUsaroM para doSAropaNa karate haiM, asatya aura anargala bolate haiN|" jJAnapaMcamI tapa meM kathA hai-5 pAThazAlA meM mAra khAkara Ae baccoM ko dekha sundarI nAmaka strI itanI krodhita ho gaI ki baccoM kA zAlA jAnA banda karA diyaa| pati ne kahA- 'arI sundarI! bacce anapar3ha raha jAyeMge to samAja meM sammAna kauna degA? apanI kanyA inheM kauna degaa|' seThAnI ne tunaka kara kahA'maiM kisI hAlata meM inheM pAThazAlA bhejane vAlI nhiiN|' seTha ne kahA- 'kyoM mUrkhatA karatI ho? ina baccoM kA bhaviSya bigar3a jaayegaa|' sundarI cIkha par3I- 'maiM mUrkha kisalie? tuma ho mUrkha, tumhArA bApa muurkh|' patnI ke zabda suna seTha Ape se bAhara ho gayA aura patthara pheMka kara sira phor3a diyaa| kalaha meM vAkyuddha kA duSpariNAma kaI rUpoM meM dikhAI detA hai, Atma-malinatA bar3hatI hai, sammAna kI hAni hotI hai, vAtAvaraNa dUSita hotA hai evaM pApa bandha hotA hai| abhi upasargapUrvaka AkhyAna karanA arthAt bhASaNa karanA, abhyAkhyAna hai| zrI bhagavatIsUtra meM 'abhimukhena AkhyAnaM doSAviSkaraNamabhyAkhyAnam'76 meM abhimukha/sAmane hokara doSoM ko prakaTa karane vAlI kathana- abhyAkhyAna hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM isakA artha jhUThe doSoM kA AropaNa, kalaMka lagAnA, doSa denA, AkSepa karanA Adi artha meM diyA gayA hai| IrSyA vRtti se yukta jIva parasukha-asahiSNu hotA hai ataH vaha kisI ke utkarSa, pratiSThA ko sahana nahIM kara pAtA hai| aisA vyakti aisI bAta banAtA hai ki doSa na hone para bhI usakA apayaza ho| vaha aphavAha AkAza meM ur3ate gubbAre kI taraha dizAhIna sthiti meM ur3atI jAtI hai| ___ abhyAkhyAnI krodhI, kuTila, IrSyAlu hotA hai| ataH tIvra pApa kA bandha karatA hai| 74. sthAnAMga/sthA. 18 kI vRtti 76. bhagavatI sUtra za. 5/u. 6 75. bArahaparva sUtra jJAnapaMcamI kathA 77. sthAnAMga sUtra/a. 1/sU. 48-49 kI vRtti

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108 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (14-15) paizunya aura paraparivAda- pizuna zabda cugalI artha kA dyotaka hai| 78 abhyAkhyAnI jhUThA kalaMka lagAtA hai aura pizunavRtti vAlA vyakti dUsaroM ke doSoM, truTiyoM kI cugalI karatA hai| usakI chidrAnveSI dRSTi hotI hai| bacce to prAya. paraspara eka-dUsare kI cugalI karate hI haiM; kintu bar3I Ayu vAle bhI isa vRtti ko vizeSa apanAte haiN| bahana, bhAI kI aura bhAI, bahana kI; devarAnI, jeThAnI kI aura jeThAnI, devarAnI kI! ApasI saMbaMdhoM meM cugalI adhika hotI hai| paizunya vRttivAlA bhedI prakRti kA hotA hai, usakA rasa dUsaroM ke rahasya kholane meM rahatA hai| gaMbhIratA kA abhAva, mana kI saMkIrNatA hone para maitrIbhAva aura vANI saMyama na hone para yaha vRtti puSTa hotI hai| para+parivAda prprivaad| dUsare ke viSaya meM viparIta kathana krnaa| cugalI prAyaH nikaTatama saMbaMdhoM meM hotI hai; kintu nindA kisI bhI paricita kI ho sakatI hai| sthAnAMga meM kahA hai- pareSAM parivAdaH paraparivAdo vikatthanamityarthaH9 -dUsaroM kA ayathArtha-mUlyAMkana krnaa| ise avarNavAda yA nindA kahA jAtA hai| jhUThA kalaMka abhyAkhyAna tIvra dveSa kI pariNati meM lagAyA jAtA hai; kintu paraparivAda Adata se bhI ho sakatA hai| sva-prazaMsA evaM paranindA kA vyasana hone para vyakti kahIM bhI baiThegA - usakI jihvA paraparivAda kArya meM nirata ho jaayegii| usakA rasa para-nindA meM vizeSa hotA hai| jaise suara ko viSThA-bhakSaNa meM rasa AtA hai; vaise hI nindaka ko para-doSa kathana meM Ananda AtA hai| mUlataH isameM ahaMkAra kaSAya kI prabalatA hotI hai| yazovijayajI ne kahA hai 'krodha ajIraNa tapa taNuM, jJAna taNuM ahaMkAra ho, para-nindA kiriyApaNuM, vana ajIrNa AhAra ho|' samayasundarajI ne nindaka ko pITha kA mAMsa-bhakSaka kahA hai| kaSAya kI malinatA meM yaha vRtti hotI hai aura isa vRtti se kaSAya ati puSTa hotA jAtA hai| (16) rati-arati-nokaSAya mohanIya ke bhedoM meM rati-arati kA samAveza hai| rati-arati jIva kI prakRti nahIM vikRti hai| 78. pratikramaNa sUtra artha saMyukta/aticAra sUtra 79. sthAnAMga sUtra/48-49 kI vRtti 80. AdhyAtmika pada/nindA sajjhAya 81. AdhyAtmika pada/nindA sajjhAya

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kaSAya aura karma 109 82 sAhitya meM nau rasoM kA vivecana hai / 2 nau rasoM ke nau sthAyI bhAva haiM'ratihasizca - zokazca' zRMgAra rasa kA sthAyI bhAva rati hai / yahA~ rati Ananda artha meM hai| rati arthAt priya saMyoga meM Ananda kA vedana evaM arati arthAt apriya saMyoga meM aruci bhAva / anantakAla se jIva ne ananta dhAraNAe~ banA rakhI haiN| purAnI dhAraNAe~ TUTatI haiM, navIna dhAraNAe~ banatI haiM; kintu anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya ke sadbhAva meM samasta dhAraNAe~ mithyA / viparIta hotI haiM / vastu kI samyak svarUpa dRSTi meM na hone ke kAraNa samasta mAnyatAe~ / dhAraNAe~ parivartita hone para bhI mithyA hotI haiN| pazu ke jIvana meM ghAsa priya lagatA hai, manuSya ke jIvana meM pakavAnna priya pratIta hote haiM; kintu jJAniyoM kI dRSTi meM padArtha svayaM meM na iSTa haiM, na aniSTa haiN| sukha athavA duHkha vastu yA vyakti se nahIM hai; apitu hamArI kalpanAnusAra hai| sAdhvI vicakSaNazrI jI samatA kI aisI zreNI para ArUr3ha thIM, jahA~ na ratibhAva ubharatA thA, na aratibhAva / " kaI bAra AhAra meM kar3avI kakar3I kA zAka Ane para ve adhikAdhika zAka apane pAtra meM le letii| binA kisI arati bhAva ke sahajatayA padArtha upabhoga kara letiiN| yadi zraddhA-bhaktivaza kisI ne sarasa AhAra unheM parosa diyA, taba bhI ve zAntacitta se grahaNa kara letIM aura kahatIM, 'calo ! peTalAdapura meM DAla deN|' ratibhAva kI eka rekhA bhI nahIM dikhAI detI / sAdhaka rati-arati ke pariNAmoM se U~cA uTha jAtA hai, ajJAnI / tIvra kaSAyI jIva rati -arati ke pariNAmoM meM jhUlatA huA pApa bandha karatA hai| (17-18) mAyAmRSAvAda evaM mithyAtva zalya-aThAraha pApa-sthAnakoM meM mAyA evaM mRSAvAda - donoM svatantra bheda rUpa se varNita haiN| donoM kI saMyukta rUpa mAyAmRSAvAda. bhI eka pApa-sthAnaka hai| kabhI mAyA kaSAya ho; kintu vacana prayoga na ho, kabhI mRpAvAda ho; kintu sahasatkAra ho / mAyAmRSAvAda meM mAyA evaM mRSAvAda donoM kA samanvaya hotA hai| yaha pApa - sthAnaka buddhimAna mAyAvI hI sevana kara sakatA hai / asatya ko satya rUpa de denA, pApa ko chipA lenA, galata hote hue acche hone kA DhoMga karanA mAyA mRSAvAdI kA kArya hai / sAdhvI sarvAMgasundarI pUrvabhava meM yuvA vaya meM vidhavA huI / bhAiyoM kA bahana ke prati atyanta sadbhAva thA; kintu bahana ke mana meM vicAra uThA- 'bhAiyoM ke prema kI parIkSA karanI caahie| ve mujhe adhika cAhate haiM yA apanI patniyoM ko / ' 82. sAhitya darpaNa / navarasa vivecana 83. jaina kokilA / jIvana caritra 84. kathA sAhitya

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110 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana eka dina bar3A bhAI bhojana kakSa ke bAhara khar3A thaa| acAnaka bahana kA svara sunAI diyA, 'bhAbhI hAtha sApha rakhA kro|' bhAI vicAra meM DUba gayA, 'kyA merI patnI kI corI kI Adata hai ? bahana asatya nahIM bola sktii|' rotI- kalapatI patnI ko pIhara bhejane ke lie udyata dekhakara bahana ne kahA- 'bhAI! maiM to zikSA mAtra de rahI thii|' isI taraha dUsare bhAI ko sunAte hue bahana ne kahA, 'bhAbhI! sAr3I para dAga nahIM laganA caahie|' bhAI socane lagA, 'kyA merI patnI vyabhicAriNI hai ? nahIM, aisI patnI nahIM cAhie / ' bhAI ke vicAra jAnakara bahana ne kahA- 'bhaiyA! maiM to mAtra hitazikSA de rahI thii|' isa mAyAmRSAvAda ke pariNAmasvarUpa dUsare bhava meM sarvAMgasundarI para corI evaM durAcAra kA kalaMka lgaa| mAyAmRSAvAda kA sevana kara jIva pApa bandha karatA hai| mithyAtva - zalya ko samasta pApoM kA mUla batAyA gayA hai| mithyAtva bhAva kA zalya rUpa meM AtmA kI gaharAiyoM meM praviSTa honA - mithyAtva zalya hai / saba aniSToM kI jar3a mithyA zraddhA hai| ( 1 ) dharma meM adharma saMjJA, (3) mArga meM kumArga saMjJA, (5) jIva meM ajIva saMjJA, (7) sAdhu meM asAdhu saMjJA, (9) mukta meM amukta saMjJA, sthAnAMgasUtra meM mithyAtva ke dasa rUpoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai - 5 (2) adharma meM dharma saMjJA, (4) kumArga meM mArga saMjJA, (6) ajIva meM jIva saMjJA, (8) asAdhu meM sAdhu saMjJA, (10) amukta meM mukta saMjJA / 86 saMjJA kA artha yahA~ mAnanA, samajhanA yA nAma denA hai| isI sandarbha meM sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai - " 'loka - aloka, jIva-ajIva, dharma-adharma, bandhamokSa, puNya-pApa, Asrava saMvara, vedanA - nirjarA, kriyA-akriyA, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa, caturanta saMsAra, deva-devI, siddhi-asiddhi, siddhi kA nijasthAna, sAdhu-asAdhu, kalyANa- pApa nahIM hai- aisI saMjJA kabhI nahIM karanI cAhie kintu nizcita rUpa se mAnanA cAhie ki loka- aloka yAvata kalyANa- pApa Adi saba vidyamAna haiN| jo uparyukta tattvoM ke astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai, vaha samyagdRSTi hai aura jo inakA nAstitva mAnatA hai, vaha mithyAdRSTi hai / puNya tattva ke bandha meM kAraNabhUta mandakaSAya pariNati hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM anukampA, sevA, paropakAra Adi zubha pravRttiyoM ko puNyopArjana kA kAraNa 85. sthAnAMgasUtra /sthA. 10 /u. 1 / sU. 734 86. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra/zru. ska. 2/a. 5 /gA. 12 se 18

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kaSAya aura karma 111 batAyA gayA hai| sthAnAMga-sUtra meM nau prakAra kA puNya kA vivecana hai-8 (1) annapuNya- anna denA, (2) pAna puNya- jala denA, (3) layana puNya - sthAna denA, (4) zayana puNya- zayyA denA, (5) vastra puNya- vastra denA, (6) mana puNya- zubhavicAra karanA, (7) vacana puNya- madhura evaM hitakArI bhASA bolanA, (8) kAya puNya- zarIra se sevA denA, (9) namaskAra puNya- pUjyavarga ko Adara denaa| yadyapi kaI bAra bAhya meM zubhapuNya pravRtti dikhAI detI hai; kintu antaraMga meM kaSAya tIvratA se azubha hetu hotA hai, taba puNya alpa evaM pApa bahula hotA hai| vizeSa mahattva bhAva-jagata kA hotA hai| zubha-azubha karma ke bandha kA mukhya AdhAra manovRttiyA~ haiN| eka DaoNkTara kisI kI pIr3A miTAne ke lie usakA vraNa cIratA hai| usase yadi rogI svastha na bhI ho, to bhI DaoNkTara apanI zubha-bhAvanA se puNya kA bandha karatA hai| puNya-bandha kI kasauTI kevala UparI kriyA nahIM hai; kintu usakI yathArtha kasauTI kartA kA Azaya hai| nizcaya-dRSTi se manovRttiyA~ karmoM kI zubhAzubhatA kI nirNAyaka haiM, phira bhI vyavahAra-dRSTi se bAhya kriyA se bhI zubhAzubha kA nizcaya hotA hai| kriyA tathA bhAva donoM hI bandha ke kAraNa mAne gae haiN| __ manda kaSAya, bhAvoM kI zubhratA, AtmA kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa puNya-bhAva haiM evaM jinase isa saMsAra meM bhautika samRddhi evaM AdhyAtmika vAtAvaraNa prApta hote haiM, ve puNyakarma haiN| zubhabhAvoM se zubha karma-paramANu AkarSita hote haiM aura AtmA ke sAtha bandha avasthA ko prApta hote haiM, ye puNyakarma haiN| AcArya abhayadevasUri kA kathana hai ki puNya vaha hai jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai athavA pavitratA kI ora le jAtA hai| AcArya hemacandrasUri kI dRSTi meM puNya azubha (pApa) karmoM kI alpatA aura zubhakarmoM ke udaya se prApta prazasta avasthA kA dyotaka hai| 92 87. bhagavatIsUtra/7/10/121 88. sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna 9 89. jainadharma/pR. 160 90. darzana aura cintana/kha. 2/pR. 296 91. sthAnAMga/TIkA/1/11-12 92. yogazAstraa. 4/gA. 107

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112 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana puNya do prakAra kA hai-(1) dravya puNya, (2) bhAva punny| 3 puNyakarma dravyapuNya hai, zubha bhAva manda kaSAya bhAva puNya hai| puNya evaM pApa do-do prakAra ke vRtti-pravRtti ke AdhAra se hote haiM, jo nimnAMkita haiM (1) puNyAnubandhI puNya- vRtti aura pravRtti donoM ke zubha hone para puNyAnubandhI puNya hotA hai| jaise sevA kA bhAva evaM sevA rUpa pravRtti donoM kA samanvaya honaa| aise puNya kA udaya hone para bAhya vaibhava evaM Atmika vaibhava donoM kI prApti hotI hai| (2) pApAnubandhI puNya- vRtti azubha evaM pravRtti zubha hone para pApAnubandhI puNya hotA hai| jaise bhItara yaza-pratiSThA kA lobha hai evaM bAhara sevA kArya hai| isa puNya kA udaya hone para bAhya samRddhi prApta hotI hai; kintu usakA sadupayoga karane kI vRtti jAgRta nahIM hotii| (3) puNyAnubandhI pApa- vRtti zubha evaM pravRtti azubha hone para puNyAnubandhI pApa hotA hai| AtmA meM udAsIna pariNAma hoM evaM kriyA meM hiMsA Adi kukRtya se jur3anA par3e - aisI sthiti meM puNyAnubandhI pApa kA bandha hotA hai| isa karmodaya se bAhya pratikUlatA, antaraMga meM sahaja-zAnti dikhAI detI hai| (4) pApAnubandhI pApa- vRtti evaM pravRtti donoM azubha hoN| Atmika bhAvoM meM tIvra kASAyika pariNati evaM bAhya kriyA meM kASAyika pravRtti ho| isa pApa ke udaya se bAhya kSetra meM pratikUlatAe~ evaM antaraMga jagata meM kaSAya kI malinatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| ___ ataH vAstava meM zubha bhAva evaM zubha kriyA donoM kA samanvaya hI utkRSTa puNya hai| zrIpAlacaritra meM mahArAjA prajApAla kA prazna hai- 'puNyena kiM kiM labhyate"5 - puNya se kyA-kyA prApta hotA hai? surasundarI evaM mainAsundarI donoM ne eka hI prazna kA uttara bhinna-bhinna apekSA se diyA hai- surasundarI kI dRSTi meM bAhya vaibhava pramukha hai, ataH vaha uttara detI hai "prAjyaM ca rAjyaM subhagaH subhartA, nIrogagAtraM ca pavitra jyaM / gAnaM ca bhRtyaM parivAra vargaH, puNyena caitat sakalaM lbhet||" vizAla rAjya, saubhAgya, zreSTha vara, svastha zarIra, pavitra bhojana, gIta-gAna, naukara-cAkara, parivAra varga saba puNya se prApta hote haiN| __ 95. zrIpAlacAritra 93. yogasAra bandhAdhikAra 94. tattva pravezikA pR. 35

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kaSAya aura karma - mainAsundarI ne prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA"zIlaM ca dAnaM vinayo vivekaH, saddharmagoSThiH prabhubhakti puujaa| akhaNDa saukhyaM ca prasannatA hi, puNyena caitatsakalaM lbhet||" zIla pAlana, dAna, vinaya, viveka, saddharmagoSThI, prabhubhakti pUjA, akhaNDa sukha, prasannatA - yaha saba puNya se prApta hotA hai| mainAsundarI kI dRSTi meM bAhya vaibhava nahIM, sadguNa vaibhava pramukha haiM, ataH puNya ke do prakAra haiM-(1) laukika puNya, (2) lokottara punny| ise bhautika puNya evaM AdhyAtmika puNya bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| saMvara : kaSAya kA saMvaraNa anAdikAlIna rAga, dveSa aura moha ke mAdhyama se AtmA meM Ane vAle karmoM ke AsravarUpI pravAha ko AtmaramaNatA rUpa puruSArtha se saMvarana karanA saMvara hai| kaSAya kA saMvara bhAva-saMvara evaM karma kA saMvara dravya-saMvara kahalAtA hai| 16 tattvasAra meM kahA hai- jo jIva apane akaSAya svabhAva ko nahIM chor3atA hai aura para-padArtharUpa pariNata nahIM hotA hai, apane Atma-tattva kA manana, cintana aura anubhavana karatA hai, vaha jIva nizcaya se saMvara karatA hai| sama upasargapUrvaka vR dhAtu se saMvara zabda nirmita hotA hai| vR dhAtu rokane athavA nirodha ke artha meM prayukta hotI hai| ataH kahA hai-8 'Asrava nirodhaH saMvaraH' Asrava kA nirodha saMvara hai| 'saMvRNoti karma aneneti saMvaraH' arthAt jisake dvArA Ane vAle navIna karma rUka jAe~, vaha saMvara hai| AcArAMga kA kahanA hai, viSaya kaSAyoM kA nirodha karane vAlA sAdhaka karmarahita hokara jJAtA-dRSTa bana jAtA hai| hiMsAdi Asrava dvAroM se nivRtta usa sAdhaka ke janma-maraNAdi rUpa duHkhamArga avaruddha ho jAte haiN| usa duHkhamArga kA nirodha karane ke lie sarvaprathama kaSAyoM ko samajhanA aura dekhanA Avazyaka hai| AcArAMga kA sUtra hai-10 'je kohadaMsI se mANadaMsI; - je mANadaMsI se mAyadaMsI je mAyadaMsI se lobhadaMsI; je lobhadaMsI se pejjadaMsI, je pejjadaMsI se dosadaMsI je dosadaMsI se mohadaMsI, je mohadaMsI se gabbhadaMsI; je gabbhadaMsI se jammadaMsI, je jammadaMsI se mAradaMsI; je mAradaMsI se NirayadaMsI, je NirayadaMsI te tiriyasI; je tiriyadaMsI se dukkhdNsii|' 96. yogasAra/saMvarAdhikAra/gA. 1, 2 99. AcArAMga sUtra/1/5/6 97. tattvasAra/gA. 55 100. vahI/1/3/4/130 98. tattvArtha/a. 9/sU. 1

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114 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana jo krodhadarzI hotA hai, vaha mAnadarzI hotA hai; jo mAnadarzI hotA hai, vaha mAyAdarzI hotA hai; jo mAyAdarzI hotA hai, vaha lobhadarzI hotA hai, jo lobhadarzI hotA hai, vaha rAgadarzI hotA hai; jo rAgadarzI hotA hai, vaha dveSadarzI hotA hai; jo dveSadarzI hotA hai, vaha mohadarzI hotA hai; jo mohadarzI hotA hai, vaha garbhadarzI hotA hai; jo garbhadarzI hotA hai, vaha janmadarzI hotA hai; jo janmadarzI hotA hai, vaha mRtyudarzI hotA hai; jo mRtyudarzI hotA hai, vaha narakadarzI hotA hai; jo narakadarzI hotA hai, vaha tiryaMcadarzI hotA hai; jo tiryaMcadarzI hotA hai, vaha duHkhadarzI hotA hai| ataH vaha meghAvI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, prema, dveSa, moha, garbha, janma, mRtyu, naraka, tiryaMca aura duHkha ko dUra bhagA de| jo kaSAya kA svarUpa samajha jAtA hai, usase hone vAlI hAniyA~ samajha jAtA hai, vaha karma evaM karma se prApta hone vAlI samasta duHkhAtmaka paristhitiyoM ko samajha jAtA hai, jo duHkha ko duHkha samajha jAtA hai, vaha duHkha nirodha ke mArga meM udyata ho jAtA hai| ataH sarvaprathama kaSAya-bhAvoM ko samajhakara unakA vamana karanA hai| kahA hai-01 sa vaMtA kohaM ca mANaM ca mAyaM ca, lobhaM ca - satyArthI sAdhaka krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kA vamana (tyAga) kara detA hai| vaha eka kaSAya ko jAnakara saba kaSAya ko jAna jAtA hai| 102 eka kaSAya ko jhukAkara athavA zithila banAkara sabako zithila banA detA hai| 103 'ega vigiMcamANe puDho vigiMcai, puDho vigiMcamANe egaM viniMcaI 10 eka ko pRthak karane vAlA anya ko bhI pRthak kara detA hai, anya ko pRthak karane vAlA eka ko pRthak kara detA hai| eka kaSAya ko jItane vAlA samasta kaSAyoM ko jIta letA hai tathA samasta kaSAyoM ko jItane vAlA eka ko to pUrva meM jIta hI letA hai| sAtha hI kaSAya ko jItakara karmoM ko AtmA se pRthak kara detA hai aura duHkha kA nirodha kara detA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM saMvara ke sthAna para saMyama ko hI Asrava-nirodha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| 105 zubha adhyavasAya bhI saMvara ke artha meM svIkAra kie gae haiM, kyoMki azubha kI nivRtti ke lie zubha kA aMgIkAra prAthamika sthiti meM Avazyaka hai| vRtti zUnyatA ke abhyAsI ke lie prathama zubhavRttiyoM ko aMgIkAra karanA hotA hai, kyoMki citta ke zubhavRtti se paripUrNa hone para azubha ke lie koI sthAna nahIM 101. AcArAMgasUtra/gA. 1/u. 4/sU. 128 104. AcArAMgasUtra/1/3/4/129 102. vahI/1/3/4/129 105. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/a. 29/gA. 26 103. vhii|

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kaSAya aura karma 115 rhtaa| yadyapi yahA~ zubha kA artha puNyAsrava yA puNyabandha ke rUpa meM nahIM hai| dravyAnuyoga meM saMvara se tAtparya zuddha bhAvabhUmikA se grahaNa kiyA gayA hai|06 jitanI-jitanI AtmaramaNatA, utanA-utanA sNvr| para-pariNamatA kA abhAva saMvara hai| apane jJAna meM jJAtA hI jJeya bana jAe -- vaha Asravanirodha kI avasthA hai| Asrava aura baMdha ko rokane ke lie saMvara eka amogha astra hai| isa saMvararUpI kavaca ko pahanakara kaSAyarUpI zatruoM ko jItA jA sakatA hai| upadeza rahasya meM kahA gayA hai-107 jisase vyakti rAga-dveSa se mukti pA sake, vahI jinAjJA anusAra AcaraNa hai| jaina darzana meM saMvara ke do bheda haiM- (1) dravya saMvara aura (2) bhAva sNvr| dravyasaMgraha meM kahA gayA hai- AtmA kI akaSAya avasthA bhAva saMvara hai evaM usase rukanevAlA karmAsrava dravya saMvara hai| sAmAnya rUpa se saMvara ke pA~ca aMga batAye gaye haiM-18 (1) samyak dRSTikoNa, (2) virati, (3) apramattatA, (4) akaSAyavRtti, krodhAdi manovegoM kA abhAva aura (5) akriyaa| sthAnAMgasUtra meM paMca indriya evaM triyoga saMyama kI apekSA ATha prakAra kA saMvara batAyA gayA hai| 109 tattvArthasUtra meM saMvara ke sattAvana bheda mAne gaye haiM, jo nimnAGkita haiM-110 (1) tIna gupti, (2) pA~ca samiti, (3) dasa-dharma, (4) bAraha anuprekSA, (5) bAIsa parISahajaya ; aura (6) pA~ca caaritr| gupti- 'saMsAra kAraNAt AtmanaH gopanaM guptiH' saMsAra ke kAraNoM se AtmA kI jo surakSA karatI hai- vaha gupti hai| 'gup gopane saMrakSaNe vA gup dhAtu saMrakSaNa artha meM bhI prayukta hotI hai| mana-vacana-kAyA kI sthiratA manogupti, vacanagupti evaM kAyagupti kahalAtI hai| 11 jaba Atmatattva meM kaSAya, rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM kI caMcalatA zAnta ho jAtI hai, to triyoga sthiratA sahaja sadha jAtI hai| 106. tattvasAra/gA. 55 107. upadeza rahasya/gA. 201 108. samavAyAMgasUtra/5/5 109. sthAnAMgasUtra/8/3/598 110. tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 2 111. (a) vahI/ a. 9/sU. 4 (ba) AcArAMgasUtra/2/1/7/39-40 (sa) uttarAdhyayana/a. 24/gA. 20-24

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana samiti- vivekapUrvaka pravRtti kA nAma samiti hai| 12 jaba kaSAyAvega hotA hai, taba viveka kho jAtA hai| sAdhaka kA pratyeka AcaraNa saMyata, vivekapUrNa hotA hai| AtmacetanA kI jAgRti ke sAtha jo paMca indriyoM ke viSaya kaSAyodaya meM saMlagna nahIM hote, ve hI saMvara kA sAdhaka haiN| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM ziSya ne guru se prazna kiyA hai-113 / kahaM care, kahaM ciThU, kaha bhAse kahaM sye| kahaM bhuMjato bhAsaMto, pAvaM kammaM na bNdhi||' gurudeva! maiM kaise calU~, kaise socU~, kaise bai-, kaise soU~, kaise khAU~, kaise bolU~ ; jisase pApakarmoM kA bandha na ho| pratyuttara meM gAthA dI gaI hai-114 ___ 'jayaM care, jayaM cir3he, jaya bhAse, jayaM sye| jayaM bhuMjato, bhAsaMto, pAvaM kammaM na bNdhi||' viveka se calo, viveka se soco, viveka se baiTho, viveka se soo, viveka se khAo, viveka se bolo ; jisase pApa karmoM kA bandha na ho| vivekapUrvaka AcaraNa samiti hai| rAga-dveSa kI mandatA ke abhAva meM pratyeka kriyA meM viveka dikhAI nahIM detaa| samiti ke pA~ca prakAra haiM-115 zAntacitta se calanA, gamanAgamana meM viveka rakhanA, bhUta-bhaviSya kI smRti- kalpanAoM meM na DUbakara vartamAna kSaNa meM upayoga rakhanA, IryA-samiti hai| krodhAdi vaza asatya, anargala na bolakara bhASA-viveka rakhanA bhASA-samiti hai| svAdalolupatA, rasapoSaNa ko mahattva na dekara AhAra-pAnI meM nirdoSa padArtha svIkAra karanA eSaNA-samiti hai| vastu uThAne, rakhane meM jIva-maitrI kA bhAva rakhakara vivekamaya pravRtti karanA AdAna-bhaDaM-matta nikSepaNa-samiti hai| mala-mUtra-zleSmAdi nissAra tattva pheMkate samaya jIva hiMsA na ho aisA dhyAna rakhakara kriyA karanA malamUtrAMdipratisthApanA (uccArapAsavaNa khela jalasaMghANa pAriNAvaNiyA) samiti hai| ina samitiyoM kA samyak paripAlana kaSAya mandatA meM hI saMbhava hai| dharma- 'vatthusahAvo dhammo vastu kA svabhAva dharma kahalAtA hai| dharma kI upalabdhi meM kAraNabhUta sAdhanoM ke bhI upacAra se dharma kahA jAtA hai| dharma ke 112. AcArAMgasUtra/1/5/4 113. dazavaikAlikasUtra a. 4/gA. 7 114. vahI/a. 4/gA. 8 115. (a) tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 5 (ba) uttarAdhyayanasUtra/a. 24/gA. 1

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kaSAya aura karma 117 cAra bheda-116 dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAvanA evaM dasa lakSaNa- 117 amA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya evaM brahmacarya batAye gaye haiN| parigraha, maithuna, AhAra evaM bhaya saMjJA 18 ke TUTane se dAna, zIla, tapa bhAvanA guNa prakaTa hote haiN| krodha ke abhAva se kSamA guNa, mAna ke abhAva se mArdava guNa, mAyA ke abhAva se Arjava guNa evaM lobha ke abhAva se zauca guNa prakaTa hotA hai| 19 ajJAnAndhakAra naSTa hone para satya evaM viSaya sevana kI abhilASA samApta hone para saMyama guNa AvirbhUta hotA hai| samasta rAgAdi parabhAvoM kI icchA ke tyAgarUpa sva-svarUpa meM pratapana karane se tapa dharma evaM sampUrNa para-dravyoM se moha chor3akara saMsAra, deha aura bhogoM se udAsIna rUpa pariNAma honA tyAgadharma hai| 121 Abhyantara bAhya parigraha kA tyAgakara AkiJcanya evaM para-dravyoM se rahita zuddha-buddha apane AtmasvarUpa meM lIna hone se brahmacarya hotA hai| 122 / mUla meM rAgAdi bhAvoM kA tyAga, kaSAya-vRttiyoM kA parityAga hI Atmadharma kA zuddha rUpa hai| ____ anuprekSA- rAgAdi bhAvoM ko zithila karane hetu vastu svarUpa kA cintana karanA, anuprekSA hai| maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya evaM mAdhyastha - ye cAra anuprekSAe~ moha kI pragAr3hatA samApta kara maitrI bhAva ke vistAra hetu batAI gaI haiN| tattvArthasUtra Adi meM anuprekSA ke bAraha prakAra batAe gae haiN| jo nimnalikhita haiM-123 (1) anitya- rAga-dveSa ke pAtra rUpa saMyogoM kI anityatA kA cintn| isI cintana se bharata mahArAjA ne kevalajJAna prApta kiyA thaa| (2) azaraNa- janma, jarA, maraNAdi se rakSaNa hetu sAMsArika saMyogoM kI asamarthatA kA cintn| zirovedanA se pIr3ita yuvaka ne jaba svajana, parijana, cikitsaka Adi sabhI ko hatAza-nirAza dekhA to svayaM ko jagata meM anAtha mAnakara jagatapitA paramezvara ko nAza-rUpa svIkAra kara tapomArga aMgIkAra 116. tattvajJAna pravezikA/ pR. 24 120. pravacanasAra/gA. 79 117. (a) AcArAMgasUtra/2/16 121. dvAdazAnuprekSA/gA. 78 (ba) tattvArthasUtra/9/6 122. anagAra dharmAmRta/4/60 118. uttarAdhyayana/31/6 123. (a) tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 7 119. dharma ke dasa lakSaNa/pR. 23-58 (ba) Atma-vaibhava/a. 5-16

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118 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana kiyA thaa| vaha yuvaka anAthI muni nAma se prasiddha huA evaM rAjA zreNika kA dharma pratibodhaka bnaa| 124 (3) saMsAra- caturgati svarUpa kA cintn| tiryaMcagati meM kSudhA, tRNNA, tAr3anA, tarjanA Adi kI pIr3A evaM naraka gati meM kSetrajanya, paramAdhAmIdevoM dvArA pradatta tathA parasparakRta vedanAe~ karanI par3atI haiN| 125 manuSyagati meM janma, jarA, mRtyu kI vedanA se gujaranA par3atA hai aura devagati meM sAmagrI kI alpatA adhikatA ke kAraNa IrSyA, duHkha, dveSa kI Aga meM jIva jhulasatA hai| eka bhI gati meM pUrNatayA sukha nahIM hai, ata: saMsAra se mukta hone kA prayAsa ho - isa bhAvanA se cintn| (4) ekatva- zuddhAtmA svarUpa kI ekalatA kA cintn| dAha-jvara se pIr3ita nami rAjA'27 ne rAniyoM ko AjJA dI, 'yaha candana ghisanA baMda kro| yaha zora mujhe nahIM suhaataa|' vAtAvaraNa zAnta hone para punaH prazna kiyA, kyA caMdana ghisanA baMda ho gyaa|' pratyuttara milA, 'nahIM svAmin! eka suhAga kaMkaNa chor3akara anya cUr3iyA~ utAra dI gaI haiN| ataH AvAja nahIM A rhii|' nami rAjA cintana meM DUba gae, eka meM zAnti hai, Ananda hai| do meM dvandva hai, duHkha hai| mUla svarUpa meM jIva ananta sukha kA vedana karatA hai, karmasaMyoga meM duHkha pIr3ita hotA hai| ekatva bhAvanA kA cintana kara nami rAjA vairAgyavAsita he| (5) anyatva- AtmA se kaSAya kI bhinnatA kA cintana / kaSAya merA svabhAva nahIM hai| zarIra se merA ekatva saMbaMdha nahIM hai| karmasahita honA merA mUlasvarUpa nahIM hai| kaSAya, karma, zarIra, parivAra ko anya mAnakara AtmasvarUpa kA cintn| (6) azuci- rAga ke nimittabhUta zarIra kI apavitratA kA cintn| 128 azuci padArthoM kA udbhava sthAna yaha deha svayaM meM azucirUpa hai| isakI apavitratA kisI bhI upAya ke dvArA nahIM ho sktii| zarIra kA AdikAraNa zukra aura zoNita hai, zarIra-poSaNa kA kAraNa AhAra hai| AhAra zarIra meM jAte hI vikRta rUpa ho jAtA hai, vaha khala-bhAga aura rasa-bhAga meM parivartita hotA hai| khala-bhAga ke dvArA mUtra aura viSThanA Adi; rasa-bhAga ke dvArA rakta, mA~sa, medA, asthi haDDI, majjA Adi samasta azuci padArthoM kA AdhAra zarIra hai| isa deha 124. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/a. 20/gA. 2 127. uttarAdhyayana sUtra/ a. 9 125. tattvArthasUtra/a. 3/sU. 4 128. sabhASyatattvArthAdhigama/a. 9/sU. 7 126. uttarAdhyayana sUtra/a. 14/gA. 4

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kaSAya aura karma 119 ko kitanA bhI kapUra Adi sugandhita padArthoM se yukta jala se snAna karAyA jAe; caMdana, kastUrI, kezara Adi uttamottama padArthoM kA lepa kiyA jAe; puSpamAlA Adi pahanAI jAe - sabhI dravya durgandha rUpa meM rUpAntarita ho jAte haiN| aise azucimaya zarIra ke prati kyA rAga karanA? yahI udbodhana mallikumArI ne chaha rAjAoM ko diyA thaa| 129 (7) Asrava- AtmarUpI sarovara meM pA~ca Asrava nAloM se nirantara aSTa karmarUpI jala bhara rahA hai| prazasta va aprazasta kAryoM se puNya va pApa karatA huA, jIva svapradezoM meM karma-paramANuoM ko Amantrita karatA hai| isake bhUlabhUta kAraNa haiM- mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya, pramAda aura yog| 13. ina karmAsravoM kA cintana krnaa| (8) saMvara- Atma-bhavana meM jJAna-darzana sukha rUpa.akSaya nidhi ko lUTane vAle kaSAya-luTeroM kA patha avaruddha kara dene vAle bhAvoM kA cintana saMvara anuprekSA hai| cilAtI putra eka hAtha meM talavAra, eka hAtha meM suSamA kA kaTA huA sira liye jaMgala meM daur3ate hue eka muni ke pAsa phuNcaa| bhaya se dhar3akate hRdaya se pUchA- 'muni! mukti kA mArga kyA hai?' muni ne kahA- 'upazama, viveka, sNvr|' 131 cilAtI putra talavAra evaM sira pheMka kara dhyAnastha khar3A ho gayA evaM saMvara bhAvanA ke cintana meM lIna ho gyaa| adharma se dharma kI ora usa AtmA kA prayANa ho gyaa| (9) nirjarA- jina bhAvoM, jina prakriyAoM se AtmA meM saMcita karma evaM kaSAya kSaya hote haiM, unakA cintana nirjarA anuprekSA hai| (10) loka- kaSAyAtmA ke kSetra kA cintn| sakaSAyI jIvoM kA AvAgamana kA sthAna kahA~ taka hai tathA akaSAyI jIvoM kA sthAna kauna-sA hai? Adi vicAraNA krnaa| (11) bodhidurlabha- samyaktva meM bAdhaka anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke svarUpa kA cintn| (12) dharmasvAkhyAta- kaSAyarahita dharma svarUpa kA cintana krnaa| parISahajaya- sAdhanA-mArga meM Ane bAlI anukUla evaM pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM rAga-dveSa na karanA parISahajaya hai| 132 parISaha ke bAIsa prakAra 129. zrI kalpasUtra/mahAvIra caritra 130. tattvArthasUtra/a. 8 sU. 1 / 131. yogazAstra a. 1 132. uttarAdhyayana sUtra/a. 2

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120 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana haiM-133 (1) kSudhA/bhUkha (2) pipAsA pyAsa (3) zIta/ThaMDa (4) uSNa/garmI (5) daMzamazaka/macchara Adi kA upadrava (6) nagnatA/vastrahInatA (7) arati aruci (8) strI/vijAtIya AkarSaNa (9) caryA vihAra (10) niSadyA/dRTha Asana (11) zayyA sone kA sthAna (12) Akroza/apriya vacana (13) vadha/mArapITa (14) yAcanA/bhikSAvRtti (15) alAbha/abhISTa vastu kI prApti na honA (16) roga/vedanA (17) tRNasparza tRNa kI tIkSNatA kA anubhava (18) mala/zArIrika maila (19) ajJAna (20) adarzana (21) satkArapuraskAra (22) prajJA/buddhi vaibhv| sthUla saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya meM ina bAisa parISahoM kI saMbhAvanA hotI hai| sUkSma lobhakaSAya se yukta dasaveM guNasthAna meM caudaha parISaha hI saMbhava hote haiM- mohodaya kA abhAva hone se arati, satkAra, puraskAra, Akroza, niSadyA, nagnatva, yAcanA, strI, adarzana ye ATha parISaha nahIM hote haiN| 134 cAritra- Atmika zuddha dazA meM sthira rahane kA prayatna karanA, cAritra hai| samatva bhAva ArUr3ha hokara sAdhaka kaSAya-jaya kI sAdhanA karatA hai| cAritra pA~ca haiM-135 (1) sAmAyika (2) chedopasthApanIya (3) parihAravizuddhi (4) sUkSma-samparAya (5) ythaakhyaat| prathama tIna cAritra meM anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI evaM pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA abhAva evaM saMjvalana kaSAya kA sadbhAva hotA hai| sUkSma-samparAya cAritra meM sUkSma lobha kaSAya kA udaya evaM yathAkhyAt cAritra akaSAya avasthA hai| nirjarA : kaSAya kA nirgamana nirjarA arthAt jarjarita kara denA, jhAr3a denaa| AtmA meM karma evaM kaSAya AsaktiyoM ko tor3a denA kahA hai| jisa prakAra kisI sarovara ke jala srotoM ko banda kara diyA jAe aura usake andara rahe hue jala ko ulIcA jAe tathA tApa se sukhAyA jAe to vaha vistIrNa tAlAba bhI sUkha jAtA hai; usI prakAra AtmArUpI sarovara meM karma evaM kaSAyarUpI pAnI ke Agamana dvAroM ko banda kara denA - saMvara aura tapa dvArA karma evaM kaSAya kSaya karanA, AsaktiyA~ jarjarita kara denA nirjarA hai| 136 133. vhii| 134. tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 10-12 135. vahI/a. 9/sU. 18 136. (a) uttarAdhyayanasUtra/a. 30/gA. 5-6 (ba) AcArAMga/1/4/4

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kaSAya aura karma 121 nirjarA ke do prakAra haiM-137 (1) akAma evaM (2) skaam| samaya-samaya para karma udaya meM Akara phala dekara khira jAte haiM, vaha akAma-nirjarA hai| aisI nirjarA saMsArI prANiyoM ko pratyeka samaya ho rahI hai; para rAga dveSa kaSAya-bhAvadhArA ke pravAha ke kAraNa Asrava bhI hotA rahatA hai| vastutaH samyak sakAma nirjarA vaha hai, jahA~ kaSAya-bhAva-dhArA kA vivekapUrvaka saMvaraNa ho jAtA hai tathA bhItara meM bandhI kaSAya-granthiyoM ke TUTane kI prakriyA prArambha ho jAtI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM nirjarA kA kAraNa tapa batAyA gayA hai| 138 AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai,-139 tapa eka prakAra kI agni hai, jisake dvArA saMcita karmoM ko zIghra hI bhasmIbhUta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise agni jIrNa kASTha ko zIghra jalA DAlatI hai, vaise hI AtmasamAdhistha aura anAsakta AtmA karma zarIra ko zIghra jalA DAlatI hai| 'taveNa parisujjhaI'tapa AtmA ke parizodhana kI prakriyA hai| vivekapUrvaka kiyA gayA tapa mukti prayANa meM pragatizIla banAtA hai| 'zarIramAdyaM khalu dharmasAdhanam' kahakara sAdhanA meM bAdhaka bana jAe- isa prakAra sAdhaka zarIra ko suvidhAzIla nahIM banAtA tathA 'deha hamArA duzmana hai, isake kAraNa saMsAra-paribhramaNa karanA par3atA hai aisA mAnakara citta meM rahI vAsanA, kaSAya Adi vRttiyoM kA unmUlana kie binA mAtra kAyA ko utpIr3ita nahIM krtaa|" tapa kA mUla uddezya mana meM rahI kASAyika vRttiyoM kA unmUlana hotA hai| jJAnI kahate haiM- jahA~ krodha, lobha Adi kASAyika bhAvoM ko samApta karane kA lakSya nahIM, aisA upavAsa tapa nahIM; apitu laMghana hai| 142 sAdhaka ke lie saccA kurukSetra usakA svayaM kA mana hai| usameM rahI durvRttiyoM aura kuvAsanAoM rUpI kauravoM ko samApta kie binA mukti rUpI hastinApura nahIM pAyA jA sktaa| ___ vAstava meM AtmajJAna arthAt kAyA meM ekatva buddhi evaM citta kI taraMgoM se Upara uThakara svabhAva meM sthita honA, samyak tapa hai| yahI karma-nirjarA kA sabala sAdhana hai| isa avasthA ko prApta karane ke lie hI 'tapyate anena iti tapaH' arthAt jisake dvArA tapAyA jAe, vaha tapa hai, kahA gayA hai| samyagjJAnarUpI cakSu ke dhAraka muni ke dvArA karma-kaSAyarUpI maila ko dUra karane ke lie jo tapA jAtA hai, use tapa kahate haiN| 137. samayasAra/pR. 389 138. tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 3 139. AcArAMgasUtra/1/4/3 140. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/a. 28/gA. 35 141. jJAnasAra tapoSTaka zloka 7 142. adhyAtmasAra AtmanizcayAdhikAra/zloka 157

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kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana Atma-dRSTi upalabdha hone para sAdhaka svayaM ko samasta saMyogoM se haTAkara tyAga mArga para agrasara hotA hai evaM AtmA ko tapa se bhAvita karatA hai| pratikUlatA meM kaSAyodaya na ho, samatAbhAva akhaNDita rahe, akaSAya bhAva se sthiratA rahe - yahI sAdhaka kA prayAsa hotA hai| zarIra Adi se sambandhita AsaktiyoM ko tor3anA tapa kA uddezya hotA hai| AcArAMga Adi granthoM meM tapa ke bAraha prakAra batAye gaye haiM / 143 paravartI grantha tattvArthasUtra Adi meM bAhya evaM Abhyantara rUpa meM tapa do prakAra ke batAye gaye haiM / 144 donoM ke chaH-chaH bheda haiM- ( 1 ) anazana ( 2 ) avamaudarya yA UnodarI (3) vRttiparisaMkhyAna yA bhikSAcarI (4) rasa parityAga ( 5 ) kAyakleza (6) saMlInatA yA viviktazayyAsana / Abhyantara tapa ke chaH bheda haiM- ( 1 ) prAyazcita (2) vinaya ( 3 ) vaiyAvRtya ( 4 ) svAdhyAya ( 5 ) dhyAna ( 6 ) kaayotsrg| jisa tapa meM bAhya / zArIrika pratikUlatA kA AdhAra lekara kaSAya saMjJA ko zithila kiyA jAtA hai, vaha bAhya tapa hai| vastutaH icchA kA nirodha tapa hai| rAga-bhAva ke baMdhanoM ko tor3ane ke lie, padArthoM meM iSTAniSTa kalpanA ko samApta karane ke lie bAhya tapa kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai| 122 (1) anazana / aNAhAra : kaSAya kA parihAra 'na azanaM iti' anazana arthAt samasta AhAroM kA tyaag| vaha alpakAlika tathA yAvatkathika rUpa se do prakAra kA hai| 145 bhojana zarIra kI AvazyakatA hai; kintu yadi kucha samaya zarIra ko AhAra na diyA jAe to vizeSa hAni nahIM hotI hai| bhojana kI jitanI AvazyakatA zarIra ko hotI hai, usase adhika AvazyakatA kA anubhava honA rAga-bhAva ke kAraNa hotA hai| samaya para AhAra na dene se deha - rAga kI caMcalatA mana kI paratoM para ubharane lagatI haiM aura usI caMcalatA ko sAdhaka zAnta karake kaSAya ko zithila karatA hai| anazana kA pracalita nAma upavAsa hai| upavAsa arthAt AtmA ke samIpa vAsa karanA / Atma-nikaTatA meM rAga-bhAva kA vizeSa udaya na hone para bhojana grahaNa kI lAlasA jAgrata nahIM hotI / zarIra kI zithilatA kA ahasAsa hone para sAdhaka AhAra grahaNa karatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nandana RSi ke jIvana meM 143. AcArAMga /1/5/4 144. (a) tattvArtha/9/19-20 ( ba ) uttarAdhyayanasUtra / a. 30 /gA. 7 145. AcArAMga 1/5/4, 1/8/5-6

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kaSAya aura karma 123 146 11 lAkha varSa taka mAsakSamaNa ke pAraNe ke pazcAt punaH mAsakSamaNa kA tapa kiyA thA / kula 11, 80, 645 mAsakSamaNa hue the / mahAvIra ke bhava meM sAr3he bAraha varSa pandraha dina kI sAdhanA avadhi meM mAtra tIna sau unapacAsa pAraNe kie| gRhastha varga kI dIrghakAlIna tapasyA ke ullekha prApta nahIM hote; kintu pauSadhopavAsa kI paramparA zrAvakoM meM pracalita thI / 19 147 148 (2) avamaudarya : kaSAya kI nyUnatA UnodarI arthAt udara / bhUkha se nyUna grahaNa krnaa| jaba citta AhAra meM rasa le rahA ho, taba use vahA~ se khIMca lenA, padArtha ko haTA denA UnodarI hai| bhoga meM AkaNTha magna mana ko bhogavirata karanA sahaja nahIM hai| tIvra Asakti meM padArtha-viyoga hone para duHkha, zoka athavA krodhAvega ubhara AtA hai| abhilaSita vastu prApti meM ajJAnI apanI thAlI ko cATatA hai evaM dUsaroM kI thAlI meM jhAMkatA hai| apanI thAlI ko cATanA evaM dUsare kI thAlI meM jhAMkanA arthAt atRpti, bhoga- lAlasA, iSTa saMyoga kI AkAMkSA / sAdhaka prApta kAmabhogoM meM tallIna na hokara anAsakta bhAva se sAdhanA karatA hai| avamaudarya tIna prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai - 149 (1) bhaktapAna, (2) upakaraNa; evaM ( 3 ) kaSAya / alpa AhAra lenA, alpa upakaraNa rakhanA, alpa kaSAya karanA- avamaudarya tapa hai / 'kasAe payaNuekicca appAhAro titikkhae 15 athavA 'AhAraM saMvaTTejjA, ANupuvveNaM AhAraM saMvaTTettA kasAya 151 sUtra ke dvArA AcArAMgasUtra meM bhAva - avamaudarya evaM AhAra avamaudarya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / yadi koI vyakti apane krodhAdi kaSAyoM ko alpa / nyUna karane meM prayatnazIla hai; to vaha nizcita hI avamaudarya tapasvI hai| sAmAnyatayA kaSAya alpa nahIM hotA apitu bhAva-parivartana, pAtra - parivartana ho jAtA hai| rAga kA parivartana dveSa meM, dveSa kA parivartana rAga meM hotA hai| kabhI krodha, kabhI lobha, kabhI mAna aura kabhI mAyA kA udaya calatA rahatA hai| ananta AsaktiyoM meM jaba eka Asakti jAgRta hotI hai; taba anya AsaktiyA~ tatsamaya luptaprAyaH rahatI haiN| eka vidyArthI ko jaba adhikatama aMka-prApti kI lAlasA hotI hai; taba anya kAryakramoM ke prati udAsInatA A jAtI hai| avamaudarya tapa meM kaSAya kA pAtra nahIM badalatA; apitu kaSAya kI alpatA hotI hai| 146. kalpasUtra/mahAvIra caritra 147. yogazAstra / zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata 148. AcArAMga /1/5/4 149. tattvArthAdhigamaH bhASya / a. 8 / sU. 14 150. AcArAMgasUtra / 1/8/8 151 . vahI / 1/8/6-7

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124 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (3) bhikSAcarI yA vRttiparisaMkhyAna : lobha kI mandatA bhikSA prApti ke lie mana meM vividha prakAra ke abhigrahoM (saMkalpoM) ko dhAraNa karanA vRtti parisaMkhyAna tapa hai| 152 AcArAMga meM bhikSAcarI tapa ke prasaMga meM pratijJApUrvaka sAta piNDaiSaNA aura sAta pAneSaNAoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| 153 isI abhigrahapUrvaka vastra, pAtra, zayyA ke sandarbha meM bhI vRtti parisaMkhyAna tapa kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| vatti-parisaMkhyAna kA artha dravya-saMkSiptatA se bhI kiyA gayA hai| bhojyadravyoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdhAraNa krnaa| 154 isa tapa meM lobha kaSAya ko manda karane kI prakriyA kI jAtI hai| lobha kaSAya iSTa-padArthoM ko adhikAdhika saMkhyA meM grahaNa kI preraNA detA hai| AhAra grahaNa karate samaya mana kabhI miThAI meM, kabhI namakIna meM, kabhI pUr3I meM, kabhI cAvala meM, kabhI acAra meM aura kabhI caTanI meM ghUmatA hai| mana kI isa caMcalatA ko samApta karane hetu vRtti-parisaMkhyAna tapa hai| (4) rasa-parityAga : rasa-lolupatA kA tyAga dUdha, dahI, ghI Adi rasoM ko praNIta pAna bhojana kahate haiN| 155 AcArAMga ke anusAra- praNIta rasayukta AhAra-pAnI kA tyAga karanA rasaparityAga hai| 156 kAma-vikAroM ke zamana, rAgabhAva ke damana, brahmacarya vrata ke paripAlana hetu se yaha tapa kiyA jAtA hai| mAdaka, gariSTha padArthoM ke sevana se unmAda, abhimAna Adi vikAra puSTa hote haiN| SaTrasoM ke tyAga se rasalolupatA ke saMskAra zithila hote haiN| (5) kAyakleza : anAsakti kI parIkSA zIta, tApa, varSA Adi kaSToM ko vizeSa rUpa se sahane kA abhyAsa karanA evaM anekAneka AsanoM dvArA zarIra ko sthira karanA kAyakleza tapa hai| 15" UrdhvasthAna vRkSAsana Adi aneka AsanoM kA AgamoM meM ullekha prApta hotA hai| 158 vastutaH Asakti-anAsakti kI parIkSA, kAyakleza tapa hai| apane bhAvoM kI samyak pahacAna pratikUlatA meM hotI hai| pratikUlatA meM sAmAnya vyakti baukhalA jAtA hai, krodhita ho jAtA hai, tanAva aura baicenI kA anubhava karatA hai| sAmAnya-sAmAnya viparIta paristhiti meM citta santulana DagamagA jAtA hai| samaya 152. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/25 156. AcArAMgasUtra/2/15 153. AcArAMgasUtra/2/1/11/62 157. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/27 154. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/25 kI TIkA 158. AcArAMgasUtrA/1/5/5/zA loka 155. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/26 TIkA/patrAMka 198

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kaSAya aura karma 125. para bhojana nahIM milA, rAtri ko maccharoM kA upadrava huA, garmI kA vizeSa anubhava huA, zayyA svaccha nahIM milI, snAna-suvidhA nahIM milI Adi anekAneka viparItatAoM meM kaSAyodaya ho jAtA hai| kAyakleza tapayukta sAdhaka prAkRtika ApadAoM meM, zArIrika kaSToM meM, citta ke pratikUla prasaMgoM meM mana ko kaSAyamukta rakhatA hai tathA samatA meM sthira rahatA hai| (6) pratisaMlInatA yA viviktazayyAsanaH kaSAyodaya nirodha kaSAya, indriya aura yoga saMlInatA ke bheda se ise pratisaMlInatA tapa kahA gayA hai| 159 strI, puruSa, napuMsaka Adi se rahita zmazAna, giri-guphA Adi ekAnta sthAnoM meM nivAsa karanA viviktazayyAsana tapa hai| 160 indriyoM ko viSayoM meM jAne se rokanA, mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRtti ko saMkucita karanA evaM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAya ko udita na hone denA- pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| kaSAya kA nimitta milane para jAgarUkatApUrvaka bhAvoM para niyantraNa rkhnaa| vicAroM ko vicAroM se badala denA, akaSAya svabhAva kA cintana kara kaSAya ko ubharane na denA, pratisaMlInatA hai| Abhyantara tapa (1) prAyazcita : kaSAya kA visarjana pramAdajanita doSoM aura aparAdhoM kA zodhana kara svayaM ke aparAdha kA daNDa lenA prAyazcita hai| 161 ataH kahA hai jo pApa kA chedana karatA hai, jisase pApoM kI vizuddhi hotI hai, vaha prAyazcita tapa hai| 162 vibhAva dazA meM bhAva-ramaNatA ke aparAdha kA ahasAsa kara svabhAva-dazA meM lauTanA, ise pratikramaNa bhI kahA gayA hai| 163 anAdikAlIna-kaSAya saMskAroM kA udaya, kaSAya-nokaSAya mohanIya-karma kA udaya kucha kSaNoM ke lie sAdhaka ko pramattAvasthA ke AdhIna banA detA hai; kintu jaise sUrya bAdaloM ko cIra kara puna: gagana-maNDala meM camakane lagatA hai; usI prakAra sAdhaka kaSAya-bAdaloM ko haTAkara punazca Atma-gagana meM viharaNa karane lagatA hai| jIva kI sthiti ke anusAra doSa aneka prakAra ke haiM- mithyAtva janita doSa, anantAnubandhI kaSAyajanita doSa, apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyajanita doSa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyajanita doSa aura saMjvalanakaSAyajanita doss| viveka jAgrata hone para atikramaNa se punaH pratikramaNa karanA, azubha yoga se zubha evaM zuddha yoga kI ora lauTanA prAyazcita tapa hai| 159. bhagavatIsUtra/25/7/802 162. AcArAMga/1/5/4 160. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/28 163. sthAnAMga/3/448 161. paMcAzaka/16/3

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126 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (2) vinaya : mAna-parivarjana jJAnAdi guNoM kA bahumAna karanA tathA gurujanoM ke prati Adara yA sammAna bhAva rakhanA-vinaya tapa hai| 164 vinayazIla gurujanoM ke nirdeza kA atikramaNa nahIM krtaa| mahApuruSoM kI vANI meM zaMkA nahIM krtaa| vinayI ke bhItara eka vikalpa bhI sphurita nahIM hotaa| yadi vikalpa paidA ho, to parama vinayI nhiiN| vinayI paristhiti ko sahajatA se svIkAra karatA hai| prasaMga yA paristhiti ko lekara vaha koI bhI acchA yA burA abhiprAya nahIM detaa| abhiprAya na denA yaha kaSAyamandatA binA saMbhava nhiiN| ahaMkAra-mandatA ke abhAva meM vinaya-tapa asaMbhava hai| bhaya athavA lobha kaSAya ke vazIbhUta hokara namratA prakaTa karanA tapa nahIM hai; apitu mAna-kaSAya para kuThArAghAta kara pratyeka prasaMga meM sahaja rahanA tapa hai| caNDarudrAcArya'65 ko kandhe para biThAkara jaMgala pAra karate hue nUtana muni ne guru ke samasta karkaza vacanoM evaM tAr3anA-tarjanA para parama vinaya rakhA, bhItara meM eka asat vikalpa utpanna nahIM huA, mAna-mardana hone para bhI, krodha-sarpa phuphakAra nahIM uThA to samasta kaSAya kSaya karake kaivalya jJAna prApta kiyaa| (3) vaiyAvRtya : dehAsakti tyAga __zarIra-moha, vastu-moha, vyakti ko vaiyAvRtya-tapa nahIM karane detaa| kisI kI sevA ke lie zarIra ko tatpara karanA, samaya-zakti kA upayoga karanA tIvra moha meM saMbhava nahIM hai| suvidhA kA lobha, mAna kA ghanatva tyAgakara sAdhaka anya sAdhakoM kI jarUrata meM apane tana-mana ko lagAtA hai| kahA hai AcAryAdi kI sevA-suzruSA vaiyAvRtya-tapa hai| 166 glAna, vRddha Adi kI ucita sAra-saMbhAla isI tapa ke antargata hai| naMdISeNa muni kA saMkalpa thA'67 glAna sevA kI parIkSA hetu do deva muni kA rUpa dhAraNa kara nagara ke bAhara A gye| eka muni naMdISaNa ko kaTuvacana se pratAr3ita karane lage; 'aho! prazaMsanIya hai, tumhArA sNklp| tuma yahA~ AhAralubdha bane ho, nagara ke bAhara eka glAna muni tar3apa rahe haiN|' karkaza-vacana zravaNa karake bhI krodhAviSTa nahIM hone vAle naMdISeNa muni turaMta AhAra chor3akara uTha khar3e hue| do upavAsa kA pAraNA thA; kintu zarIra-mamatva hAvI nahIM huaa| glAna muni ko kandhe para biThAkara nagara kI ora cala pdd'e| glAna-muni ne tAr3anA-tarjanA prArambha kara dI; para nandISeNa mAna-vijetA banakara calate rhe| muni kI ati durgandhita viSTA zarIra para girane lagI; lekina nandISeNa ke mana 164. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/32 166. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 30/33 165. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/1/TIkA 167. kathA sAhitya

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kaSAya aura karma 127 meM jugupsA/ghRNA ke bhAva paidA nahIM hue| anta meM, donoM muniyoM ne apanA divya svarUpa prakaTa kiyA evaM nandISaNa kI vaiyAvRtya tapa kI prazaMsA karake apane sthAna para cale ge| (4) svAdhyAya : Atmazodhana sva-doSoM kA saMzodhana, AtmasvarUpa kA cintana, manana, AgamoM kA adhyayana, adhyApana Adi svAdhyAya tapa hai| 168 apane kaSAya bhAva evaM mUla akaSAya svabhAva ko samajhane ke lie svAdhyAya paramAlambana hai| kaSAya AtmA meM hai, AtmA kA svabhAva nahIM hai| ____ ajJAnI jIva kaSAya ko svAbhAvika avasthA mAnatA hai| usakI mAnyatA hotI hai, koI apamAna kare to krodha AyegA hI, acchI vastu ko dekhakara pAne kI lAlasA jAgegI hI, prazaMsA pAne para garva AyegA hI, burAI ko chipAne ke bhAva AyeMge hI aura aisA honA bhI cAhie, kyoMki yaha hamArA svabhAva hai| vastu-svarUpa kA jJAna na hone para, karma-siddhAnta ko na samajhane ke kAraNa, kaSAyoM se hone vAlI hAni dhyAna meM na Ane ke kAraNa viparIta dhAraNAe~ bana jAtI haiN| svAdhyAya se apane akaSAya svabhAva kA jJAna hotA hai evaM cintana, manana, se doSoM kA parimArjana hotA hai| ataH kaSAya-kSaya ke lie sAdhaka ko svAdhyAya meM sadA yatnazIla rahane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| mAsatuSa muni'69 ko jJAnAvaraNIya karmodaya ke kAraNa adhyayana meM gati na hone para gurudeva ne mAtra eka sUtra kaMThastha karane hetu diyA thA- 'mA rUSa mA tuSa' nA rAga karo, nA dveSa kro| vaha sUtra bhI vismaraNa ho gayA aura mAsatuSa kA uccAraNa karane lge| kintu bAraha varSa kA puruSArtha saphala haA aura muni ne akaSAya svabhAva ko prakaTa kiyaa| (5) dhyAna : akaSAya svabhAva meM ramaNatA. __ jainAcAryoM ne dhyAna ko citta nirodha kahA hai| 170 kisI eka viSaya meM ekAgratA dhyAna hai| ekAgratA azubha vicAra meM bhI ho sakatI hai evaM zubha athavA zuddha meM bhii| isI apekSA se dhyAna cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai-11 (1) ArtadhyAna, (2) raudradhyAna, (3) dharmadhyAna; aura (4) zukla dhyaan| __ Arta evaM raudradhyAna durvyAna, aprazasta aura azubha dhyAna haiN| ina donoM dhyAna se karma-nirjarA nahIM, apitu karmabandhana hote haiN| tIvra kaSAya udaya ke pariNAmasvarUpa ye donoM dhyAna hote haiN| 168. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/34 kI TIkA 171. (a) uttarAdhyayanasUtra/30/35 169. kathA sAhitya (ba) tatvArtha/9/29 170, tattvArthasUtra/a. 9/sU. 27

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128 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 1. ArtadhyAna 72 : zokAvasthA (a) iSTa viyoga- priya vyakti athavA padArtha kA saMyoga viccheda hone para kalpAnta karanA, ArtanAda evaM karuNa krandana krnaa| kalpasUtra meM AkhyAna hai, lalitAMgadeva svayaMprabhAdevI ke viyoga para aisA AghAta lagA ki mitradevatA ne manuSyaloka meM anazanadhAriNI dharmiNI ko lalitAMgadeva kA divyarUpa dikhAkara svayaMprabhAdevI banane kA saMkalpa krvaayaa| (ba) aniSTa saMyoga- apriya vyakti athavA padArtha kA saMyoga asahya pratIta honA, usake viyoga kI cintA karanA-ArtadhyAna hai| (sa) roga cintA- zarIra meM vedanA udaya hone para usake nivAraNa hetu satata cintana krnaa| (da) nidAna- bhogAkAMkSA athavA anya kisI prayojana se bhaviSya ke lie saMkalpa krnaa| 2. raudradhyAna'73 : tIvratama kaSAya (a) hiMsAnubandhI- dveSabhAva se pratizodha lene ke pazcAt prsnntaa| (ba) mRSAnubandhI- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se asatya bhASaNa ke pazcAt hrssaabhivykti| (sa) stenAnubandhI- lobha kaSAya ke vazIbhUta ho cauryakarma karane ke uparAnta Ananda vibhora avsthaa| (da) saMrakSaNAnubandhI- saMgraha-lAlasA ke pariNAmarUpa parigraha meM gAr3ha aaskti| 3. dharmadhyAna : kaSAya se akaSAya apanA akaSAya dharma jaba dhyAna meM AtA hai, taba dharmadhyAna hotA hai| cintanadhArA svabhAva-sammukha pravAhita hotI hai| yaha bhI cAra prakAra kA hotA hai| 174 (a) AjJAvicaya- vItarAga prarUpita vANI kA cintn| prabhu kI AjJA hai, na rAga karo, na dveSa kro| svayaM ke vItarAga svabhAva ko pahacAno - akaSAya samatA-bhAva meM raho, yaha cintanadhArA pravAhita hotI hai| (ba) apAyavicaya- svayaM ke kaSAyAdi doSoM kA avalokana evaM doSamukti ke upAyoM kA cintn| cintana yaha nahIM hotA ki dUsare mujhe duHkha dete haiM athavA 172. (a) tattvArtha/9/31-34 (ba) sthAnAMgasUtra/4/60 173. sthAnAMgasUtra/4/63 174. (a) vahI/4/64 (ba) tattvArtha0/9/37

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kaSAya aura karma 129 karma mujhe duHkha dete haiM, vaha yaha socatA hai, mere doSa hI mujhe duHkha dete haiM ataH inhIM se mujhe mukta honA hai| (sa) vipAkavicaya- pUrvakarmoM ke phalasvarUpa udayagata sukha-duHkhAtmaka vibhinna paristhitiyoM kA cintn| karmasvarUpa kA cintn| (da) saMsthAnavicaya- lokasvarUpa athavA zarIra svarUpa kA cintn| anAsakti-vRddhi hotI hai, Asakti TUTatI hai| 4. zukladhyAna : svarUpa ramaNatA jisa samaya upayoga meM se kaSAya haTa jAtA hai. jJAna-darzana Adi guNa rAgAdimaya nahIM apitu AtmasvarUpa cintanamaya bana jAte haiM, upayoga parapariNati se haTakara sva-pariNati meM laga jAtA hai, vaha zukladhyAna hai| upayoga meM jitanA kaSAyAMza hai, jIva kaSAya meM ramatA hai, vaha para-pariNAma hai tathA upayoga meM jaba mAtra jJAnadhArA hai, vaha sva-pariNAma hai| ___ zukladhyAnI jJAtA dRSTA bhAvarUpa apramattAvasthA meM rahatA hai, jahA~ na kaSAya kriyAzIla rahate haiM aura na usase utpanna IrSyA, dveSa, viSAda Adi bhAva hI utpanna hote haiN| vaha saMjvalana kaSAya ke vipAka ko hI mAtra dekhatA hai, jAnatA hai kintu una bhAvoM se prabhAvita nahIM hotA hai| kaSAya upazAnti evaM kaSAya kSaya kI avasthA zukladhyAna hai| ___ zukladhyAna ke cAra bheda haiM-175 (a) pRthaktvavitarka savicAra (ba) ekatvavitarka nirvicAra (sa) sUkSmakriyApratipAtI (da) smucchinnkriyaanivRtti| sthAnAMgasUtra meM zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa batAye gaye haiM-176 (ka) parISaha, upasarga Adi se vyathita na honA (kha) kisI prakAra kA moha utpanna na honA (ga) bheda jJAna (gha) zarIrAdi ke prati mamatvabhAva kA pUrNa tyAga - ise avyaya, asammoha, viveka evaM vyutsarga kahA gayA hai| svarUpa ke sAtha citta kA anusaMdhAna hone para citta meM par3e tRSNA, rAga, dveSa aura moha Adi ke saMskAra ukhar3a jAte haiN| svarUpa bodha ke binA huA ekAgra citta nimitta milane para punaH kSubdha ho jAtA hai aura rAga, dveSa, moha se abhibhUta hokara apanA caMcala svabhAva punaH prakaTa kara detA hai| moha kA AdhAra svarUpa kI vismRti hai, zukladhyAna svarUpa kI ramaNatA hai, ataH akaSAya svabhAva kA prakaTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| 175. (a) sthAnAMgasUtra/4/69 (ba) tattvArtha0/9/41 176. sthAnAMgasUtra/4/60

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130 (6) vyutsarga : mamakAra vijaya 177 AcArAMga ke vimokSa adhyayana meM AhAra, kaSAya Adi ke vyutsarga kA vivecana hai| isa tapa ke prasaMga meM saMsAra ke hetu rAga-dveSa, kaSAya, bAhya padArthoM kA tyAga evaM AtmA ko zuddha karane kI prakriyA kA varNana hai / vyutsarga athavA kAyotsarga meM kAyA kA utsarga nahIM, apituM kAyA ke mamatva kA utsarga hotA hai| 178 kaisA bhI upasarga ho, anukUla yA pratikUla sAdhaka samasta paristhitiyoM kA taTastha dRSTA banakara jAgRti aura samatA ko sAdhanA kA AdhAra stambha banAkara svastha rahatA hai / vaha mumukSu jitane pramANa meM svadeha, mana Adi paryAyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya - anubhava na karake unheM jJAna kA jJeya rUpa jAnatA hai, eka nirlepa prekSaka kI taraha rAga-dveSa rahita hokara sAkSIbhAva se dekhatA hai, utane aMzoM meM mukti AsvAda kA anubhava karatA hai| ahaMkAra evaM mamakAra para vijaya prApta kara sAdhaka vyutsarga tapa karatA hai| jaina paramparA meM suprasiddha prasannacandra rAjarSi kA dRSTAnta hai - " kAyotsarga mudrA meM akiMcana muni ke rUpa meM rAjarSi khar3e the; kintu putramoha ke bhAva se yuddha kSetra kI vicAra zreNI para car3he aura sAtavIM naraka ke dalika ekatrita kara liye / jaba muni avasthA kA bhAna AyA, kaSAya bhAvoM ke prati heya - buddhi jAgRta huI, moha-vijetA banakara karmavijetA bne| pahale samaya kAyotsarga mudrA thI; para kAyotsarga tapa nahIM thA, dUsare samaya mudrA ke sAtha tapa kA saMyoga thA / mokSa : kaSAyamukti 181 moha kA kSaya mokSa hai| mokSa ke mukti, nirvANa, parinirvANa Adi paryAyavAcI haiN| mukti zabda 'muJca' dhAtu se banA hai| doSoM se vimukti hI vAstavika vimukti hai / asAvadhAna sAdhaka rAga-dveSa rUpI doSa-mukti ke lie saMyamI jIvana aMgIkAra karane ke bAda bhI yadi zarIra aura indriyajanita sukhoM kI abhilASA se prerita hokara ziSya banAtA hai, dIkSita hone ke bAda pazcAtApa karatA hai ki maiMne aise kaSToM ko kyoM apanAyA? kaSAya evaM nokaSAyAdi vikAra rUpI moha - samudra meM DUbatA hai, to duHkha - mukti ke badale nAnA duHkhoM ko Amantrita kara letA hai| 182 177. (a) AcArAMgasUtra / 1/6 kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana ( ba ) uttarAdhyayana/ 30/36 kI TIkA 178. cAritrasAra/56/3 179. uttarAdhyayanasUtra /30 / 36 180. yogazAstra / 1 / TIkA 181. AcArAMgasUtra/ 1/5/6 182. uttarAdhyayanasUtra / 32/104-105

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kaSAya aura karma jo sAdhaka kaSAya rUpI zatruoM ko jIta letA hai, indriya-viSayoM ko jIta letA hai, vaha hajAroM zatruoM ko jItakara nirApada ho jAtA hai| uttarAdhyayana meM83 kezIzramaNa ne gautama svAmI se prazna kiyA hai, 'he gautama! aneka sahasra zatruoM ke madhya Apa khar3e ho| ve Apako jItane ke lie daur3ate haiM? phira bhI Apane una zatruoM ko kaise jIta liyA?' yahA~ hajAroM zatruoM se tAtparya kaSAya ke hajAroM bheda haiN| __mUla meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha - ye cAra kaSAya haiN| sAmAnya jIva evaM caubIsa daNDakavartI jIva, ina 25 ke sAtha pratyeka kaSAya ko guNA karane para pratyeka ke 100 bheda evaM cAra kaSAya ke 400 bheda hote haiN| krodhAdi ke anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI, pratyAkhyAnI aura saMjvalana ke bheda se 16 bheda haiN| ina 16 kaSAyoM ko 25 se guNA karane para 400 bheda hote haiN| Abhoganirvartita, anAbhoga-nirvartita, upazAnta, anupazAnta avasthA kI apekSA krodhAdi ke 16 bheda haiM.5 evaM inheM pUrvokta se 25 guNA karane para 400 bheda hote haiN| AtmapratiSThita, parapratiSThita, tadubhayapratiSThita, apratiSThita, isa prakAra krodhAdi ke 16 bheda hue|186 ina 16 ko 25 se guNA karane para 400 bheda hue| kSetra, vAstu, zarIra, upadhi Adi kI apekSA krodhAdi ke 16 bheda haiM, inheM 25 se guNA karane para 400 bheda hue| kAraNa kA kArya meM upacAra karane se kaSAyoM ke pratyeka ke 6-6 bheda hote haiM yathA caya, upacaya, bandhana, vedanA, udIraNA aura nirjraa| ina chaH bhedoM ko bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAnakAla ke sAtha guNA karane se 18 bheda ho jAte haiN| ina 18 bhedoM ko eka jIva tathA aneka jIvoM kI apekSA, do ke sAtha guNA karane se 36 bheda hote haiN| inako krodhAdi cAroM kaSAyoM ke sAtha guNA karane para 144 bheda hote haiN| inako pUrvokta 25 se guNita karane para kula 3600 bheda hue| pUrvokta 400+400+400+400+3600 ko milAne para cAroM kaSAyoM ke kula 5200 bheda ho jAte haiN| 188 183. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/23/35 184. prathama karmagrantha 185. sthAnAMga/4/1/88 186. sthAnAMga/4/1/76 187. vahI/4/1/80 188.uttarAdhyayana priyadarzinI TIkA/gA. 3/ pR. 919

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132 kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana isa prakAra uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM AtmA ke aneka sahasra zatru batAe gae haiN| ina zatruoM para jisane vijaya prApta kara lI, usane karmoM para vijaya prApta kara lI aura jo karma-vijetA bana gayA, vaha janma-maraNa duHkha - vijetA bana gayA / saMsAra ke janma-maraNa rUpa duHkhoM se chuTakArA pA lenA hI mukti hai| mukti kA Azaya hai - karmamukti, rAga-dveSa se mukti, saMsAra ke Avarta aura tajjanya duHkhoM se mukti / AcArya umAsvAti ne karmabandha ke hetuoM kA abhAva aura nirjarA se karmakSaya batAyA hai| sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya mukti hai| 189 moha / kaSAya kA kSaya bhAva mokSa hai evaM karma-kSaya dravyamokSa hai| bhAva-mokSa ke binA dravya - mokSa saMbhava nahIM hai / isIlie AcArAMga meM kaSAya ko bhAva-saMsAra kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| 190 kaSAya, rAga-dveSa se muktAtmA vItarAga kahalAtI hai| kaSAyarUpI zatruoM kA hanana karane ke kAraNa zuddhAtmA ko arihanta sambodhana diyA gayA hai| paramAtmA na sRSTikartA hai, na sRSTipAlaka hai aura na hI sRSTisaMhAraka hai, kyoMki usameM icchA mAtra kA abhAva hai / vaha na anugraha karatA hai, na nigraha karatA hai; kyoMki vaha rAga-dveSAdi se rahita hai| aise zuddhAtmA ko hI Izvara ke rUpa meM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhale kisI bhI nAma se pahacAnA jAtA ho / AcArya hemacandra sUri ne kahA hai 'bhavabIjAMkura jananA, rAgAdyA kSayamupagatAyasya, brahmA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastamai' 199 jisane bhava-paramparA ke bIja-rUpa rAga-dveSAdi kA kSaya kara diyA, vaha brahmA ho, viSNu ho, ziva ho athavA jina ho; use namaskAra hai| AcArya haribhadra sUri ne isI Azaya se kahA hai, ' bhale 192 'nAsAmbaratve, na sitAmbaratve, na tarkavAde na ca tattvavAde na pakSasevAzrayeNa mukti, kaSAyamukti kila muktireva / ' na digambara, na zvetAmbara, na tarkavAda, na tattvavAda pakSa kI sevA se mukti hai, vastutaH kaSAyamukti hI mukti hai| 189. tattvArtha/10/2-3 190. AcArAMgasUtra / 1 / 2 / TIkA 191. sUktimuktAvalI /gA. 82 192. sambodha saptatatikA / gA. 2

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- saptama adhyAya kaSAya-jaya kaSAya bIja hai, karma kaa| karma hetu hai, saMsAra bhramaNa kaa| saMsAra mUla hai, samasta duHkhoM kaa| duHkha mukti ke lie kaSAyarUpI doSamukti caahiye| 'uttarAdhyayana' meM kaSAya ko agni kahA gayA hai| agni padArtha ko bhasma karatI hai, kaSAya AtmaguNoM kA ghAta karatA hai| kaSAyAgni se dahakatI AtmA azAnta hotI hai| sAmAnyatayA krodha agnirUpa pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki usase pratyakSataH AtmA kI vyAkulatA prakaTa hotI hai, kintu mAna, mAyA evaM lobha bhI agni svarUpa haiN| sammAna prApti kI abhIpsA meM, kAmanA-pUrti ke lobha meM evaM mAyA prakaTa hone ke bhaya meM satata AkulatA banI rahatI hai| rAga aura dveSa- donoM meM AkulatA hai| nirAkulatA ke lie kaSAya-kSaya anivArya hai| 1. 2. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/ rAgo ya doso ya kammavIyaM uttarAdhyayanasUtra/ a. 23/ gA. 53

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134 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana kaSAya kA mUla hai-moh| mithyAtva sahita moha saMsAra-vRkSa kI jar3a hai| isa avasthA meM svarUpa ajJAna, zarIra meM ahaMbuddhi kI mAnyatA hotI hai| dehAsakti ke kAraNa prApta saMyogoM meM sukha-duHkha kI dhAraNA hotI hai| para-padArthoM meM mamatva evaM karmakRta avasthAoM meM kartRtva buddhi banI rahatI hai| pragAr3ha mohAvasthA kaSAya tIvratA kI pariNati hai| kaSAya-kSaya ke krama meM sarvaprathama anantAnubandhI kaSAya rUpa nibiDa rAga-dveSa kI pranthi kA cheda hotA hai| isa kaSAya ke upazama athavA kSaya hone para samyagdarzana prakaTa hotA hai| samyagdarzana mukti-mahala kA prathama sopAna hai, mokSarUpI phala kA bIja hai, siddhi-gamana hetu pahalA kadama hai| 3 'mujhe kucha bananA hai' aisI mahattvAkAMkSA aura 'mujhe kucha cAhiye' aisI lAlasA manda hone para samyagdarzana kI pAtratA banatI hai| kaSAya-mandatA Atma-jJAna ke lie pahalI zarta hai| kaSAya mandatA hetu kaSAya kA svarUpa, hAni evaM kaSAya-jaya hetu vicAraNA-bindu isa adhyAya meM prastuta hai| krodha krodhAvasthA meM viveka palAyana kara jAtA hai, bhale-bure kI pahacAna kho jAtI hai, bar3e-choTe kA bheda vismRta ho jAtA hai| krodha ke mUla meM pratikAra kA bhAva hotA hai| krodhI krodha-pAtra ko hI dhyAna meM rakhatA hai, svayaM ko nhiiN| niSpakSa dRSTi se vicAra karane para apanI truTi jJAta ho sakatI hai| para krodhAveza meM anya kI hI bhUla mahasUsa hotI hai| krodha kaba AtA hai? jaba..apekSA upekSA meM badala jAtI hai, kAmanAoM kI pUrti nahIM hotI, paristhiti ko yathAvat svIkAra karane kI mAnasikatA nahIM hotI; taba krodha kA janma hotA hai| mAlika cAhatA hai- karmacArI niyata samaya para kArya saMbhAle, gRha pramukha socatA hai- ghara ke sadasya usakI icchAnusAra caleM, pati patnI se aura patnI pati se apekSA karatI hai ki usakI icchA kA sammAna ho| anekAneka apekSAe~ sAmAnya mana meM rahatI haiN| una apekSAoM kI avahelanA hone para vyakti kruddha ho jAtA hai| viparIta dRSTikoNa se vicAraNA hone para bhI vyakti kSubdha ho jAtA hai| kisI ko ha~sate dekha apanA upahAsa samajhanA, kinhIM do ko gupta vArtA karate dekha apanI nindA mAnanA, kisI ke dhyAna nahIM dene para apanA apamAna jAnanA Adi vicAroM se akAraNa zatrutA bhAva panapa jAtA hai| svArtha-siddha meM bAdhaka 3. samyagdarzana| pR. 5

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kaSAya aura karma 135 tattva sarvAdhika apriya lagatA hai| merI priya vastu kisI ne kyoM uThAlI? mere sthAna para anya kaise baiTha gayA? mere samaya ke anusAra vyavasthA kyoM nahIM dI gaI? merI icchAnurUpa padArtha kyoM nahIM diyA? ityAdi sAmAnya-sAmAnya nimittoM meM uttejanA bar3ha jAtI hai| ___kaI bAra tAmasika AhAra athavA zArIrika durbalatA yA bAhya paristhiti ke abhAva meM bhI krodhotpatti hotI hai| antaraMga meM kaSAya udaya hone para vyakti akAraNa barasa par3atA hai| aucitya-anaucitya kA viveka samApta ho jAtA hai| krodha sarva saMyogoM meM, sarva-sthala para, saba prakAra se aniSTakArI hai; kintu kabhIkabhI anyAya ke virodha meM, dharma-rakSA ke lie, kartavyapAlana hetu kiyA gayA krodha upAdeya mAna liyA jAtA hai| aneka bAra aisI paristhiti nirmita hotI hai ki yadi usakA pratikAra na kiyA jAe to dUragAmI pariNAma bhayaMkara hote haiN| yaha dhAraNA anupayukta hai ki adhInastha kAryakaroM ko samucita kArya karAne hetu krodha Avazyaka hai| kisI ko ucita preraNA dene hetu krodha nahIM, apitu AcaraNa apekSita hotA hai| ugratA se ugratA evaM maitrI se AtmIyatA prakaTa hotI hai| kruddha bhASA sAmane upasthita vyakti ko bhI krodhita kara detI hai| krodha pratyeka dRSTi se hAnikAraka hai| kSubdha avasthA meM jJAna-tantu zithila ho jAte haiN| caitanya kA jJAna-kSetra saMkucita ho jAtA hai| yathA-bhojana hetu kahIM gae, vahA~ krodha A gyaa| usa samaya thAlI meM kyA parosA jA rahA hai, vaha sthAna kaisA sajA huA hai, mehamAnoM ke cehare kitane Anandita haiM, kisI vastu kA usako dhyAna nahIM hai, ataH mAnasika tanAva meM vicAra-kSamatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| ugratA svAsthya ke lie ahitakara hai| krodha se yakRta, tillI aura gurde vikRta hote haiN|" raktacApa bar3hatA hai, A~toM meM ghAva hote haiM, pAcaka rasa alpamAtrA meM banatA hai| amerikA kI lAipha megajIna meM eka sacitra lekha thA ki hArTa Trabala, sTamaka, blaDa prezara, alsara Adi rogoM kA kAraNa Aveza hai| tIvra Aveza meM phephar3e, hRdaya, mastiSka snAyu Adi ke kArya meM tIvratA AtI hai, rakta mastiSka meM car3ha jAtA hai| khUna meM jahara utpanna hotA hai| krodha ke kAraNa nAr3I phaTa jAne se kaI bAra manuSya kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai| 4. ThANaM/ sthAna 4 / u. 1 / sU. 80 5. zArIrika manovijJAna ojhA evaM bhArgava | pR. 214 6. sAmAnya manovijJAna kI rUparekhA/ pR. 420-421

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kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana hatyAe~ evaM AtmahatyAe~ krodha kA hI duSpariNAma haiN| apane zarIra para tela chir3aka kara agni bhabhakAne vAle, kisI para tejAba pheMka dene vAle, kisI para dhAradAra astra se prahAra karane vAle isI vikAra se pIr3ita hote haiN| sAmAnyatayA gRha-kleza, mArapITa kA kAraNa krodhAveza hotA hai| parivAra meM eka vyakti ke tIvra krodhI hone para anya sadasyoM meM bhI krodha saMskAra prabala banane lagate haiN| ghara meM zAnti naSTa ho jAtI hai, prema-madhuratA ke sthAna para kar3avAhaTa ghula jAtI hai| vaira-pratizodha kI bhAvanAe~ janma letI haiM, vAyumaMDala viSAkta bana jAtA hai| vAtAvaraNa meM bhaya vyApta ho jAtA hai| samAja, rASTra, deza meM uccapadoM para kAryarata vyakti yadi ugrasvabhAvI ho, to ve saMsthA ke akalyANakartA hote haiN| vyApArI vyApArika kSetra meM saphala nahIM hotaa| krodhI vyakti ghara, parivAra, vyApAra, samAja Adi meM asaphalatA ke sAthasAtha apanI ugratA ke kAraNa karma-bandhana meM ba~dhatA calA jAtA hai, AtmA ko malina banAtA hai aura durgati kA mehamAna banatA hai| vartamAna aura bhaviSya - donoM ko duHkhapUrita banAtA hai| krodha-zamana ke sAmAnya upAya 1. krodha Ane para mauna dhAraNa kara lenaa| IMdhana na DAlane se agni svataH zAnta ho jAtI hai| uttejaka vAtAvaraNa na banane dene ke lie cuppI eka bahata bar3A sAdhana hai| kahA gayA hai, eka cuppI sau ko harA detI hai, ataH zAnti kA amogha sAdhana hai - maun| 2. vANI para niyantraNa na ho to sthAna parivartana ucita hai| 'na rahe bA~sa, na baje bAMsurI' ukti anusAra na sAmane rahe, na bolane kI AkulatA ho| 3. apane krodha ko zAnta karane ke lie anya kriyAoM meM saMlagna ho jaanaa| kArya meM mana na jur3atA ho to darpaNa meM apane vikarAla rUpa ko dekhakara zAnta hone kA prayAsa krnaa| zItala jala kA sevana krnaa| sAmAnya azAnti meM citta-zAnti ke lie yoga paddhatiyA~ upayogI hotI haiM, yathA 4. japa kA Alambana lenaa| kisI pavitra sUtra kI punarAvRtti japa hai|" maMtra ko zvAsocchvAsa ke sAtha jor3A jA sakatA hai| vyartha ke vicAroM se haTakara antarmukha banane kI yaha eka sarala prakriyA hai| abhyAsa-vRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha kalpanA 7. AtmajJAna ane sAdhanA patha/amarendra muni/pR.

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kaSAya-jaya se antazcakSuoM ke samakSa maMtrAkSaroM ko dekhane kA prayatna karane para bahuta-sI bAra maMtrAkSara dedIpyamAna jyoti phalaka para aMkita dikhAI dete haiN| japa - pravRtti se krodha, IrSyA, AlocanA Adi duSvRttiyA~ kSINa hotI haiN| 137 5. nAda zravaNa meM citta lIna hone para sahaja zAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| japa meM bAhya-dhvani evaM nAda meM antardhvani kA avalambana liyA jAtA hai / ' nIravasthAna meM dhyAnamudrA meM A~kheM banda karake, kAna ke chidroM ko donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyoM se banda karake antardhvani ko sunane kA prayAsa krnaa| abhyAsa meM pragati hone para kabhI ghu~gharU, ghaMTa, zaMkha, bA~surI, megha garjana Adi kI dhvaniyoM jaisI dhvaniyA~ bhI sunAI de sakatI haiN| 6. A~kha kI kIkI aura mana kI gati meM bhI sambandha hai| kisI citra yA mUrti yA anya padArtha para nirnimeSa ( A~kha kI palaka jhapakAye binA) dRSTi rakhanA, trATaka hai|' nizcita samaya apalaka A~khoM se dekhane ke pazcAt A~kha banda karake bhRkuTi-sthAna para usa citra ko dekhane kA prayAsa karanA / mUla citra ke tejomaya pratibimba ko kucha dera taka dekhane ke pazcAt punaH mUla citra para dRSTi - nikSepa karanA / - 7. vicAroM kA zvAsocchvAsa se sIdhA aura gaharA sambandha hai| zvAsocchvAsa kI gati jitanI manda aura layabaddha hogI, mana utanA zAnta hogaa| krodhAvasthA meM zvAsa kI gati tIvra aura aniyamita ho jAtI hai| ataH citta sthiti meM parivartana ke lie zvAsa- gati ko manda karane kA prayAsa karanA / 8. vicAra pravAha kA nirIkSaNa citta-zAnti kA eka sazakta sAdhana hai / krodha kaise prArambha huA ? kahA~ se prArambha huA? mUla udgama srota kauna-sA kaSAya hai ? aise praznoM ke uttara DhU~r3hate jAne se mana para paristhiti kA prabhAva samApta ho jAtA hai| vicAroM kA parivartana svAdhyAya, cintana, anuprekSA Adi ke mAdhyama se hotA hai| 9. hama doSI haiM, to krodha kA kAraNa hI nahIM hai| yadi vartamAna meM hamArA doSa hameM dikhAI nahIM detA; to kahIM atIta meM hamArI bhUla rahI hai| azubha karmodaya ke abhAva meM apamAna, tiraskAra Adi kA prasaMga banegA nahIM / duHkha dene vAlA bAhya nimitta hai, antaraMga meM hamArA karmodaya hai| karma viSaya jAnane vAlA 8. vahI / pR. 9. vahI / pR.

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138 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana vizva meM sarvatra niSpakSa rUpa se eka suvyavasthita nyAya-tantra dekhatA hai| vaha samajhatA hai, Aja jo merA aparAdhI hai, usakA pahale maiM aparAdhI thaa| vartamAna meM merA asAtAvedanIya athavA 'azubha nAmakarma kA udaya hai tathA nimitta banane vAle kA mohanIya karma kA udaya hai| 10. cintana ho, kyA pratikAra se samasyA sulajha jAyegI? pratikriyA kA kyA pariNAma hogA? kSamA bhAva hI vaira granthi ko todd'egaa| 11. mahApuruSoM ne prANAntaka kaSToM meM santulana nahIM khoyA, unake jIvana se zikSA grahaNa kruuN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne saMgama, zUlapANi Adi para bhI maitrIbhAva rkhaa| IsA masIha ne zUlI para laTakate samaya virodhiyoM kI kSamA hetu prabhu-prArthanA kii| dayAnanda sarasvatI ne bhojana meM kA~ca pIsakara milAne vAle rasoie ke prati durbhAva nahIM kiyaa| 12. 'uttarAdhyayana' kA sUtra hai''- koha bijaeNaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayaIM? uttara- koha vijaeNaM khaMtiM jnnyi| arthAt prazna- krodha para vijaya karane se kyA prApta hotA hai? uttara- krodha para vijaya karane se kSamA bhAva prakaTa hotA hai| kSamA mokSa kA dvAra hai| kSamA vIroM kA bhUSaNa hai| kahA gayA hai- 'kSamA bar3ana ko cAhie, choTana ko utpaat'| sahaja kSamA hI kSamA hai, kaSAya prerita kSamA, kSamA nahIM hai| mAlika ne karmacArI kA tiraskAra kara diyA, vaha mauna rahA, yaha lobha prerita kSamA hai| hRdaya meM krodha hai; kintu nahIM bolane kI majabUrI hai| abhyAgatoM ke samakSa putra se kA~ca kA phAnUsa TUTane para bhI seTha zAnta hai; kyoMki mAna prerita kSamA hai| pratikAra kSamatA na hone para bAhya dRSTi se vyakti sahaja hai; kintu antaraMga meM vaira-zalya cubhA hai, yaha mAyA prerita kSamA hai| vastutaH kSamA vaha hai, jaba hRdaya meM krodha hI utpanna na ho| 13. eka dravya dUsare dravya kA kartA nahIM hai| apane sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa vyakti svayaM hai, anya nhiiN| apane bhale-bure kA kartApana anya para AropaNa karane se sahaja kSamA prakaTa nahIM hogii| pratyeka padArtha kA svatantra pariNamana hai| parapadArthoM ko apanI icchA ke anukUla pariNamana karAne kI bhAvanA mithyAtva hai evaM krodhotpatti kA kAraNa hai| ataH tattva svarUpa kA cintana karanA caahie| 10. uttarAdhyayanasUtra/ a. 29 /gA. 68 11. chaha DhAlA

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kaSAya-jaya 14. Asrava, saMvara evaM nirjarA bhAvanA kI anuprekSA krnaa|2 nadI yA samudra kI athAha jala-rAzi para tairatI naukA yA jahAja meM chidra hone para pAnI usa meM praviSTa hone lagatA hai ; vaise hI kaSAya-chidra se AtmA meM karma-praveza hotA hai| naukA meM hue chidra ko bhara dene se jala-Agamana avaruddha ho jAtA hai; usI prakAra kSamA-bhAvapUrita AtmA meM karma-nirodha hotA hai| jisa prakAra nAva meM bhare jala ko kisI pAtra se bAhara pheMka dene se nAva halkI ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra kSamAyatidharma kA pAlana karane se karma-nirjarA kara AtmA zuddha banatI hai| krodha-upazamana hetu vividha-vicAraNAe~ saMbhavita haiN| samyak vicAraNA hetu eka preraka udAharaNa hai- tathAgata buddha se eka bhikSu ne nivedana kiyA, 'bhagavan! maiM dharma pracAra hetu anArya deza meM vicaraNa kI bhAvanA rakhatA huuN|' buddha ne kahA, 'yadi vahA~ tumheM koI gAlI degA?' vaha muskurAyA, 'bhante! gAliyA~ sunanA bar3I bAta nahIM hai| vivAha-prasaMga para aksara gAliyA~ dI jAtI hai|' tathAgata ne punaH kahA, 'yadi kisI ne hastaprahAra kiyA?' vaha Anandita hokara bolA, 'prabho! mAtA-pitA ke hAtha se maiMne kaI bAra mAra khAI hai, ataH kaThina kArya nahIM hai|' puna: prazna huA, 'vahA~ kisI ne lAThI se pITA to?' gaMbhIra svara meM vaha bola uThA, 'mahAtman! pazu-jIvana meM maiMne lAThI kI mAra sahana kI hai, usakA mujhe abhyAsa hai|' buddha ne aMtima bAra usakA mAnasa TaTolA, 'yadi kisI ne vadha kara diyA?' bhikSu ke mukha para harSa kI rekhAe~ daur3a gaI, 'bhagavan! dharma pracAra ke lie yadi merA yaha vinazvara zarIra kAma A jAe, to merA saubhAgya hogaa|' tathAgata buddha muskurAe, 'bhikSu! tuma anArya kSetra meM dharma pracAra hetu pUrNa yogya ho|' yaha hai sakArAtmaka dRssttikonn| aisI vicAraNA hone para krodhotpatti asaMbhavaprAya hai| pUrNa kSamA vItarAga avasthA meM prakaTa hotI hai| AMzika kSamA samyagdRSTi, usase adhika dezavirata zrAvaka evaM zrAvaka se adhika sarvavirati sAdhu meM kSamA bhAvanA vikasita hotI hai| samyagdRSTi anyAya ke virodha meM, dharma-surakSA ke lie, padAnurUpa prasaMga meM zastra uThAtA hai; kintu zIghra kSamA dAna de detA hai| zrAvaka kA jIvana sImAbaddha hotA hai; samatA vizeSa hotI hai| sarvavirati saMyamI aparAdhI ke prati bhI kSamAvAna hotA hai| metArya muni ko svarNakAra ne gIle camar3e se bA~dhakara kar3akatI dhUpa meM khar3A kara diyA; kintu ve kSamAbhAva meM sthita rhe| 13 12. bAraha bhAvanA 13. yogazAstra

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140 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana yaha sahaja kSamA hai| cAritramohanIya karma kA kSaya hone para krodha kA Atyantika kSaya hotA hai| mAna ajJAnI jIva ko puNya ke udaya meM, anukUla saMyogoM kI prApti meM mAna kaSAya kA udaya vizeSa hotA hai| uccakula, svastha zarIra, lAvaNyavatI lalanA, pratibhAzAlI santAna, sukha-suvidhA, samAja meM satkAra-sammAna, kArya meM prazaMsA, kalA-kauzala meM pravINatA Adi kAraNoM se abhimAna AkAza chUne lagatA hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM ATha mada kA vivecana hai| tapa, jJAna Adi zaktiyoM kI prApti ajJAnAvasthA meM madAndha banA detI hai| abhimAnI ke pA~va dharatI para nahIM ttikte| vaha apane samakSa anya ko tuccha mAnatA hai| darpa evaM dInatA donoM mAna haiN| prApti meM darpa evaM abhAva meM dInatA hotI hai| ahaMkArI svayaM ko U~cA pradarzita karane hetu anya vyaktiyoM kA avarNavAda (nindA) karatA hai| anya vyaktiyoM kA tiraskAra kara unheM vaha zatru banA letA hai| madAndhatA ke kAraNa kisI ke samakSa jhukatA nhiiN| yaza-prazaMsA hetu sAmarthya se adhika kArya karake anta meM vyAkula hotA hai, tanAva-grasta rahatA hai| zakti tole binA cunautI dekara jaba parAsta hotA hai, taba maraNa hetu udyata hotA hai| abhimAnI durgati ko AmantraNa detA hai tathA kAlAntara meM vaha usa zakti se cyuta ho jAtA hai| mAna-jaya hetu cintana : 1. zarIra kI svasthatA, sundaratA kA garva hone para azuci bhAvanA kA cintana karanA caahie| zarIra kyA hai? asthi, majjA, rakta, mala-mUtra, zleSma ityAdi durgandhamaya padArthoM se nirmita camar3e kI cAdara se DhakI yaha deha hai| zrImad rAjacandra ke zabdoM meM-14 'khANa mUtra ne mala nI, roga jarA nuM nivAsa nuM dhaam| kAyA evI gaNI ne, mAna tyajI ne kara sArthaka aam||' na jAne kaba Arogya bigar3a jAe, surUpatA kurUpatA meM parivartita ho jaae| rAjA zreNika ne rAjagRhI (rAjagiri) ke rAjapatha se gujarate hue nagara ke bAhara tIvra durgandha kA anubhava kiyaa| khojabIna ke pazcAt jJAta huA - durgandhA nAmaka bAlA kI deha se yaha gandha phaila rahI thii| prabhu mahAvIra ke samakSa yaha ghaTanA 14. tattvajJAna/ pR. 149

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kaSAya-jaya 141 nivedana karane para prabhu ne kahA, 'rAjana! yaha durgandhA kucha hI samaya meM durgandha se mukta hokara saundarya pratimA banakara nikharegI aura bhaviSya meM tumhArI rAnI bnegii|' kurUpatA surUpatA meM aura surUpatA kurUpatA meM parivartita hotI hai| athAha rUparAzi sampanna sanatkumAra cakravartI kI kAyA kAlAntara meM solaha rogoM se grasta ho gaI thI, ataH he jIva! deha kI sundaratA kA kyA abhimAna karanA? 2. sattA, sampatti, suvidhA, sAdhana, satkAra, sammAna, prajJA, kalA ke utkarSa meM ahaMkAra puSTa hone para vicAra karanA cAhie- he Atman! puNya-karma ke udaya se tujhe ye saba anukUlatAe~ prApta huI haiM! pApa-karma ke udaya se pratikUlatAe~ milatI haiN| puNya aura pApa - donoM karma haiM, jar3a tattva haiN| jIva aura jar3a sarvathA bhinna tattva haiN| jar3a tattva ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karanA ajJAna hai| jIva sadA se ekAkI hai, jar3a tIna kAla meM apanA huA nahIM, apanA hotA nhiiN| karma apanA phala pradAna karake nirjarita ho jAtA hai| puNya ke udaya meM harSa, pApa ke udaya meM zoka-donoM hI bandhana ke kAraNa haiN| 3. svajana-parijana Adi cetana jagat ke saMyoga meM bhI vyakti abhimAna karatA hai| svajanoM kI yogyatA kA garva hotA hai? pati ke kamAU hone kA garva patnI ko, patnI kI sundaratA kA abhimAna pati ko hotA hai| santAna kI pratibhA kA ahaMkAra mAtA-pitA karate haiN| saMyogoM meM mAna kaSAya hone para anitya bhAvanA kA cintana ho| saMyoga kabhI zAzvata nahIM hotaa| saMyoga kA viyoga avazyambhAvI hai| sarAya meM AyA pathika jaise prAtaH samaya apane gantavya kI ora prayANa kara jAtA hai, saMdhyA kAla meM vRkSa para Ae pakSI rAtri vizrAma kara bhora hone para apanI-apanI dizA meM ur3a jAte haiM; usI prakAra AyuSya kSaya hone para saba jIva saMyoga ke dhAge tor3a kara agalI gati meM prasthAna kara dete haiN| saMyogoM meM abhimAna kaisA? 4. jala meM utpanna hokara bhI jalaja usase bhinna rahatA hai, usI prakAra kAyA meM vyApta hokara bhI cetanA usase pUrNatayA bhinna hai| jaba jIva se kAyA bhinna hai, to kAminI, kuTumba Adi abhinna kaise ho sakate haiM? anantakAla kI yAtrA meM hara jIvana meM anekoM prANiyoM se saMbaMdha sthApita kie evaM unameM mamatva kiyA hai, kintu kabhI koI saMbaMdha sthAyI nahIM rhaa| ataH he cetana! saMbaMdhoM ke AdhAra para ahaMkAra mithyA hai| 5. jamIna-jAyadAda kI mAlikI kA garva kisakA Tika pAyA hai? 'hasanti

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142 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana pRthvI nRpati narANAM 15 pRthvI una rAjAoM, jAgIradAroM para ha~satI huI kahatI hai- "maiM kabhI kisI ke sAtha gaI nahIM kintu mujhe merI-merI kahane vAle yahA~ sadA rahe nahIM / " kisakA garva ? aura kisalie garva ? 6. zakti ke AdhAra para svayaM ko ucca evaM anya ko nimna mAnane para vicAra AnA cAhie ki samasta AtmAe~ siddha samAna haiN| kisakA tiraskAra karanA? aura kyoM karanA ? vastutaH mUla meM AtmA anantajJAna, darzana Adi guNasampanna hai to alpa jJAnAdi meM ahaMkAra honA cAhie yA kheda ? 7. mAnajaya hetu vinaya guNa dhAraNa karanA caahie| 'uttarAdhyayana' meM kahA gayA hai - " mAna kA pratipakSI guNa vinaya hai ! vinaya ke aneka bheda haiM- lokopacAra arthAt mAtA-pitA kA vinaya karanA / lokottara arthAt mokSa hetu se vinaya karanA ! bhaya, arthalipsA yA kAmabhoga bA~chA ke hetu se kiyA vinaya ( namana ) uttama vinaya nahIM hai / vinaya sahaja ho / saMta nAmadeva cUlhe se roTiyA~ utArakara ghI lene gaye / eka kuttA una roTiyoM ko mu~ha meM dabAkara daur3a pdd'aa| saMta ne jaise hI dekhA, ve hAtha meM kaTorI lie kutte ke pIche bhAgane lage aura mRdutApUrvaka kahane lage, 'prabho! rUko; roTiyA~ rUkhI haiM, ghI lagAne do|' kutte ke zarIra meM sthita Atma-tattva para saMta kI dRSTi hone se usake prati bhI mRdulatA thI / dvArikAdhIza zrIkRSNa kA prasiddha prasaMga hai| jIrNa-zIrNa vastroM meM sudAmA ke Ane para bhI zrIkRSNa bhAva-vibhora ho gae aura pA~va dhone ke lie svayaM baiThe ! dhUli - dhUsarita pA~voM kA prakSAlana karane ke lie pAnI lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3I 'aise behAla bivAina soM paga, kaTaMka jAla lage puni joe, hAya mahAdukha pAyo sakhA tuma, Ae itai na katai dina khoe / dekhi sudAmA kI dIna dasA, karuNA kari ke karuNAnidhi roe, pAnI parAta ko hAtha chuyo nahIM, nainana ke jala soM paga dhoe / / ' samyagdRSTi se adhika deza - virata zrAvaka evaM usase adhika saMyata (muni) meM mAna kaSAya kI mandatA hotI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prathama ziSya, caudaha hajAra zramaNoM ke nAyaka gautama gaNadhara eka zrAvaka se kSamA-yAcanA karane gaye / kSamA-prArthanA karane meM ahaMkAra bAdhaka nahIM bnaa| sAdhaka meM mArdava-dharma prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| 15. sUktimuktAvalI / pRSTha 15 16. uttarAdhyayana/ a. 29 / gA. 69

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kaSAya-jaya 143 mAyA kuTilatA kA apara paryAya mAyA hai| mAyAcArI socatA kucha hai, bolatA kucha hai aura karatA kucha hai| mAyAvI kI triyoga ekarUpatA nahIM hotii| bhAvoM meM malinatA, vacanoM meM madhuratA, kriyA meM vizvAsaghAta hotA hai| vaha chala-kapaTa dvArA kAryasiddhi cAhatA hai| vaha socatA hai, usakA kapaTa koI nahIM jAnegA; kintu prapaMca lambe samaya taka Tika nahIM sakatA hai| samaya Ane para bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai, punaH usakA koI vizvAsa nahIM krtaa| kahAvata hai- kATha kI hAMDI do bAra nahIM cddh'tii| bAra-bAra kisI ko ThagA nahIM jA sktaa| 'mukha meM rAma, bagala meM churI' kahAvata ko caritArtha karane vAle ko koI hArdika sammAna nahIM detaa| sabhyatA ke nAma para mAyAcArI meM vyakti apanI U~cI sthiti jatAtA hai| jisase bhramita ho kara kaI sambandha sthApita ho jAte haiM, kintu saccAI prakaTa hone para AlocanA hotI hai| manoraMjana hetu se kiyA gayA asatya mAyApUrNa vyavahAra kaI bAra jAnalevA bana jAtA hai| mAyAvI sadA zaMkAgrasta rahatA hai, kahIM bheda prakaTa na ho jaae| balavAnoM se kiyA kapaTa maha~gA par3a jAtA hai, khatarA paidA ho jAtA hai| mAyAjaya hetu vividha vicAra bindu : 1. kAryasiddhi chala-prapaMca se nahIM puNyodaya se hotI hai| saphalatA kA yoga hone para sahaja kArya hotA hai| asaphalatA kA yoga hone para chala-mAyA bhI siddhi meM sahAyaka nahIM banatI hai| puNya kA bandha pavitratA, saralatA se hotA hai| 2. saralatA dharma kI jananI hai| saralatA binA mukti saMbhava nahIM hai| suI meM praveza lene hetu dhAge ko sIdhA honA hotA hai, sarala sApha-sutharI jamIna meM bIja boyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra sarala hRdaya meM samyaktva rUpI bIja-vapana hotA hai| 3. mAyA aura asatya eka sikke ke do pahalU haiN| sarala-vyakti ko asatya kA Azraya nahIM lenA pdd'taa| gar3he-gar3hAye bahAnoM ko yAda nahIM rakhanA pdd'taa| sarala AdamI tanAva meM nahIM apitu apanI mastI meM jItA hai| 4. mAyAvI apane hI zabda-jAla meM pha~sa jAtA hai| kapaTa se grahaNa kiyA dhana adhika samaya nahIM TikatA hai| svArtha kI gaMdha se dUSita apavitra sambandha lambe samaya nahIM calate haiN|

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144 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5. vicAra kareM, mAyA kaSAya ananta du:khoM kA kAraNa hai| tiryaJca gati kA hetu hai| 17 6. 'uttarAdhyayana' meM kahA gayA hai-18 mAyA para jaya karane se saralatA guNa Arjava dharma prakaTa hotA hai| saralatA kA artha mUrkhatA nahIM hai| kisI ne tAza khelane bulAyA, mana nahIM hai; kintu sIdhe sarala haiM, ataH kyA inkAra krnaa| yaha saralatA nahIM buddhihInatA hai| saralatA arthAt apavitratA kI ekarUpatA nahIM hai| dukAnadAra bhItarI kakSa meM dUdha meM pAnI milA rahA hai aura bAhara se grAhaka kI AvAja AI, 'kyA kara rahe ho? dUdha jaldI caahie|' isa prazna ke uttara meM kahanA, 'bhaiyA! maiM pAnI milA rahA huuN|' yaha saralatA kI ekarUpatA nahIM hai| apavitra kArya hI galata hai| bhAva, bhASA evaM vyavahAra- triyoga meM pavitratA uttama saralatA hai| 7. samyagdarzana se sahaja saralatA kA prArambha hotA hai| zrIkRSNa kI saralatA kitanI? vidura ke yahA~ kele ke chilake khA liye| kintu mUrkhatA nahIM thI - ve atula buddhi vaibhava ke svAmI the| samyagdRSTi, deza-virati aura sarva-virati meM kramaza: saralatA adhikAdhika hotI hai| jaisalamera ke therUzAha bhaMsAlI ko puNyayoga se citrAvela nAmaka akSayakAriNI vanaspati prApta haI thii| paramArtha aura puNya-kAryoM meM paise kA sadupayoga hone lgaa| prazaMsA bar3hatI gii| sAtha hI IrSyAlu vyaktiyoM kI jalana bar3hatI gii| rAjA ke kAna bhara diye gye| therUzAha ko vastusthiti kA jJAna hote hI vicAra AyA, 'yadi yaha bela rAja-bhaMDAra meM jAyegI, to rAjA ke darda ko bar3hAne meM kAraNa bnegii|' unhoMne bela ko reta ke gaDDhe meM DAla diyaa| rAjA ke pUchane para kahA - 'rAjana! maiM asatya nahIM bolatA, kapaTa nahIM krtaa| mere pAsa bela AI thI, Aja nahIM hai, jahA~ pheMkI hai vaha sthAna dikhA sakatA huuN|' rAjA ne gaDDhe kI miTTI haTavAI; kintu bela ke prabhAva se miTTI akSaya ho gii| mAyA kaSAya kI mandatA hone para saralatA ke sAtha viveka kA saMgama hotA hai| lobha icchA mAtra lobha kaSAya hai| icchAe~ ananta haiN| sammAna kI abhilASA, pada kI kAmanA, indriya-viSayoM kI abhIpsA, jIvana-surakSA kI cAhanA, svasthatA kI AkAMkSA ityAdi aneka icchAe~ hotI haiN| 17. mAyA tiryagyonasya tattvArtha sUtra/ a. 6/ sU. 17 18. uttarAdhyayanasUtra-a. 29/ sU. 70

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kaSAya-jaya 145 __lobha kabhI itanA pariSkRta hotA hai ki lobha hI nahIM lgtaa| vyakti-prema, padArtha-prema svAbhAvika pratIta hotA hai| jabaki prema rAga-bhAva kI pariNati hai| lobha kaSAya kA eka rUpa rAga bhAva hai| kAmanA-pUrti ke lie vyakti saba kucha kara gujarane kA mAnasa banA letA hai| bhale vaha kAmanA sattA, sampatti, sundarI Adi kisI se bhI sambandhita ho| lobha kaSAya se nirantara AkulatA-vyAkulatA banI rahatI hai| prApta paristhiti meM vaha sahaja prasanna nahIM raha pAtA hai| icchA pUrti na hone para vaha hatyA aura Atma-hatyA ke stara taka pahu~ca jAtA hai| kaSAya grasta AtmA meM malinatA bar3hatI hai, karma-bandhana hotA hai tathA ananta duHkhoM kA sarjana hotA hai| lobhajaya hetu cintana : 1. sAMsArika AkarSaNa kI Dora meM ba~dhA jIva caturgati bhramaNa karatA hai| kabhI pApa kA bIja bokara asahya duHkha bhogane hetu naraka meM jAtA hai, kabhI tiryaJca gati meM pazu-pakSI, patthara-pAnI, agni-vAyu, vanaspati Adi ke rUpa meM vadha, bandhana, bhAra-vahana, tAr3anA-tarjanA, chedana-bhedana rUpa duHkha sahana karatA hai, kabhI nara-jIvana pA kara bacapana meM parAdhInatA, yauvana meM bhoga-jAla aura vRddhatva meM roga-jarjarAdi kaSTa uThAtA hai| kabhI svargIya sukhoM ko pAtA hai; kintu vahA~ bhI IrSyA, bhoga-lipsA Adi duHkha mola letA hai| aise sAMsArika-bhoga sukhoM kA lobha kyoM karanA, jinase saMsAra-vRddhi ho| 2. sAMsArika bhogoM meM sukhAbhAsa hotA hai, sukha nhiiN| para-padArthoM se, paradravyoM se kabhI zAzvata sanAtana sukha nahIM mila sakatA hai| yathA 'maMthana kare dina rAta jala, ghRta hAtha meM Ave nahIM, raja reta pele rAta dina, para tela jyoM pAve nhiiN| sadbhAgya bina jyoM saMpadA, milatI nahIM vyApAra meM, nija AtmA ke bhAna bina, tyoM sukha nahIM saMsAra meN|'19 3. bhautika suvidhA-sAdhana bhI lobha se nahIM, puNya se prApta hote haiN| jahA~ lobha hai, vahA~ vyAkulatA hai| prApta padArthoM ke saMrakSaNa kI cintA, viyoga kA bhaya banA rahatA hai| 4. icchA mAtra bandhana kA kAraNa hai| janma-maraNa ke cakra meM nimitta icchA hai| lobha kaSAya se icchA paidA hotI hai| 19. paM. hukamacanda bhArilla bAraha bhAvanA

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146 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 5. sajjana vyakti icchAe~ alpa karatA hai| sva-strI, sva-dhana meM santoSa dhAraNa karatA hai| samyagdRSTi lobha ko heya mAnatA hai, upAdeya nhiiN| zrAvaka kI AvazyakatAe~ saMkSipta hotI haiN| sarva-virati kA lobha mAtra mokSa abhilASa rUpa hotA hai| bAhya parigraha tyAga kara Abhyantara parigraha-granthiyoM ko tor3ane kA puruSArtha hotA hai| kaSAya vijaya hetu sAdhaka vicAraNA-stara para bAraha-bhAvanA kA cintana evaM AcaraNa-stara para bAraha tapa kA avalambana grahaNa karatA hai| upasaMhAra nIMva ke binA imArata nahIM, bIja ke binA vRkSa nahIM, tantu ke binA vastra nahIM, usI prakAra kaSAya ke binA saMsAra saMbhava nahIM hai| saMsAra kA AdhArastambha kaSAya hai| kaSAya kA apara nAma saMsAra evaM saMsAra kA paryAya kaSAya hai| kASAyika-pravRttiyoM ke hajAroM rUpa haiM, jo jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM dRSTigocara hote haiN| vizva-rAjanIti meM dina-pratidina vRddhigata hotA paramANuvAda saMsAra meM AtaMka phailA rahA hai aura nAgAsAkI-hirozimA kI vinAza-lIlA kA smaraNa dilA rahA hai| sImA-vRddhi kI abhIpsA se yuddhoM kA janma ho rahA hai, maitrI sambandhoM meM svArtha mukhyatA dRSTigata hai| deza rAjanIti meM padalipsA evaM dhana lolupatA adhinAyakoM ko patana-garta meM dhakela rahI hai| AtmAprazaMsA, paranindA, AzvAsanoM aura jhUThe vAyadoM kA bAjAra garamAgarama cala rahA hai| Arthika kSetra meM bhraSTAcAra, kAlA bAjAra, rizvata, milAvaTa, anyAya, anIti, zoSaNa kA bolabAlA hai| yena-kena-prakAreNa artha-saMgraha kI mAnasikatA chAI hai| samAja meM daheja, lena-dena, Adi pravRttiyoM ko lekara hatyA evaM AtmahatyAoM kA pratizata bar3hatA calA jA rahA hai| madhyamavarga saMtrasta hai, uccavarga ke ADambaroM evaM vaibhava vilAsa ke pradarzana se| sAmAjika kAryakramoM meM dhanavAnoM kA vizeSa sammAna honA lobha kaSAya kI mukhyatA kA hI pariNAma hai| jIvana meM naitika mUlyoM kA hrAsa hotA jA rahA hai| pArivArika kSetra meM sampatti-ba~TavArA, kAmakAja, paraspara viparIta

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kaSAya-jaya 147 - dhAraNAoM, mahattvAkAMkSA evaM bhoga-sAmagrI kI icchAoM se mAnava trasta hai| jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM duHkha, azAnti, vyAkulatA parilakSita hotI hai| tAmasika kaSAya vidhvaMsa, hiMsA, tor3a-phor3a, upadrava meM kArya kara rahA hai, rAjasika kaSAya parivAra paricitoM ke vyAvahArika hitoM kI surakSA bhAvanA meM jur3A hai aura sAttvika kaSAya se kalA, zilpa, sAhitya, saMsthAoM Adi kA vikAsa hotA dikhAI de rahA hai| tAmasa kI apekSA rAjasa evaM rAjasa kI apekSA sAttvika kaSAya samucita hai; kintu nirAkula avasthA kI prApti hetu akaSAya avasthA anivArya hai| kaSAya-vikAra se saMsAra kA koI prANI aparicita athavA aprabhAvita nahIM hai; kintu use duHkha kA kAraNa mAnane vAle loga virala haiN| kASAyika-vRttiyoM ko samajhakara kaSAyAgni kA zamana ho, yahI maMgala bhAvanA isa zodha prabandha meM samAhita hai|

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148 2. AbhAmaNDala : muni nathamala prathama saMskaraNa san 1980 Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU (rAja.) / 3. aupapAtikasUtra : sampAdaka-yuvAcArya zrI mizrIlAlajI mahArAja ; prakAzaka-zrI Agama prakAzana samiti byAvara (rAja.) / vIra ni. saM. 2508, san 1982 / AyAro : sampAdaka-muni nathamala jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM (rAja.) ; prathama saMskaraNa vi. saM. 2031 / sandarbha grantha-sUcI 1. abhidhAna rAjendra koza ( bhAga - sAtavA~ ) : zrImad rAjendra sUri; prakAzaka - zrI abhidhAna rAjendra pracAraka sabhA ratalAma ( mAlavA ) ; san 1934 / 4. 7. itivRttaka : bhikSu dharmarakSita mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha (banArasa) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1956 / uttarAdhyayanasUtra (uttarajjhayaNANi ) : sampAdaka - muni nathamala jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA, 3, porcugIja carca sTrITa, kalakattA-1 ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1967 / aMguttaranikAya ( prathama bhAga ) : anuvAdaka - bhadanta Ananda kausalyAyana ; mahAbodhi sabhA, kalakattA; san 1957 / aMguttara nikAya ( dvitIya bhAga ) 4. anuvAdaka- - bhadanta Ananda kausalyAyana ; mahAbodhi sabhA, kalakattA ; san 1963 / karmagrantha ( prathama ) : devendra sUri; zrI jaina zreyaskara maMDala, veNIcaMda suracaMda zAha, mhesANA ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1915 / 10. karmagrantha (paMcama) : devendra sUri; vyAkhyA -muni mizrImala marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1974 / 11. karmagraMtha, SaSTha bhAga : devendra sUri; vyAkhyA -muni mizrImalajI marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1976 / 12. kaSAyapAhuDa ( cUrNisUtra ) : sampAdaka paM. hIrAlAla jaina ; vIra zAsana 8. kaSAya: eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 13. , saMgha, kalakattA, prathama saMskaraNa san 1955 / gommaTasAra ( jIvakANDa ) : nemicandrAcArya; sampAdaka - sva. DaoN.

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saMdarbha graMtha-sUcI 149 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, bI. 45-47, kanATa plesa, naI dillI- 110001 ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1978 / gommaTasAra (karmakANDa ) : nemicandrAcArya; sampAdaka-sva. DaoN. AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, bI-45-47, kanATa plesa, naI dillI 110001; prathama saMskaraNa san 1980 / 15. cintAmaNi ( bhAga 1 ) : rAmacandra zukla iNDiyana presa, prAiveTa limiTeDa, ilAhAbAda ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1965 / cetanA kA UrdhvArohaNa : muni nathamala Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU; san 14. 16. 1979 / 17. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana ( bhAga 1-2 ) : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ; rAjasthAna prAkRta bhAratI saMsthAna, jayapura ( rAjasthAna ) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1982 / 18. jaina yoga : muni nathamala ; Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU, dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1980 / jainendra siddhAnta koza ( bhAga - 1 ) : jinendra varNI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, durgAkuNDa mArga, vArANasI-5; prathama saMskaraNa san 1970 / jainendra siddhAnta koza ( bhAga - 2 ) : jinendra varNI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, durgAkuNDa mArga, vArANasI-5; prathama saMskaraNa san 1971 / jainendra siddhAnta koza (bhAga 3) : jinendra varNI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, durgAkuNDa mArga, vArANasI - 5 ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1972 / 22. jainendra siddhAnta koza ( bhAga - 4 ) : jinendra varNI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, durgAkuNDa mArga, vArANasI - 5 ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1973 / ThANaM : sampAdaka - muni nathamala jaina vizva - bhAratI lADanUM (rAja.) ; vi.saM. 2033 / 24. tattvArthasUtra : umAsvAti praNIta; vivecaka paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI ; prakAzaka - jaina saMskRti saMzodhana maNDala banArasa - 5 ; dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1952 / 25. dazavaikAlika ( dasaveyAliyaM ) : sampAdaka muni nathamala jaina bhAratI, lADanUM (rAja.) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1984 / 26. dazAsUtra skandha sUtrama : zrI ghAsIlAlajI ma. zrI ; dvitIya saMskaraNa; jaina zAstroddhAra samiti, grIna laoNja ke pAsa rAjakoTa ; saM. 2486 / 19. 20. 21. 23.

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150 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana 27. dvitIya karmagrantha : devendra sUri; vyAkhyAkAra-muni zrI mizrImalajI; zrI marudhara kesarI sAhitya prakAzana, samiti pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.); dvitIya saMskaraNa 1980 / 28. dravya saMgraha : AcArya nemicandra ; paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, zrImad rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa; tRtIya saMskaraNa vi.saM. 2022 / / 29. dhammapada : rAhula sAMkRtyAyana; bhikSu ga. prajJAnanda, buddha vihAra, risAladAra pArka, lakhanaU; dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1957 / / 30. dharmAmRta anagAra : paM. AzAdhara; sampAdaka - kailAzacandra zAstrI; bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, naI dillii| 31. dhavalA-SaTkhaMDAgama: (khaNDa-1/bhAga-1/pustaka-1) : zrI puSpadaMtta-bhUtabali praNIta ; sampAdaka paM. phUlacandajI zAstrI, prakAzaka-jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura; saMzodhita saMskaraNa vi. saM. 2041 / 32. dhavalA-SaTkhaMDAgamaH (khaNDa-1/bhAga 9/pustaka 6) : zrI puSpadaMta-bhUtabali praNIta; sampAdaka paM. phUlacandrajI zAstrI, prakAzaka-jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura; saMzodhita saMskaraNa vIra ni.saM. 2512, san 1985 / 33. dhavalA-SaTkhaMDAgamaH (khaNDa-4/bhAga-7-19/pustaka 12) : zrI puSpadaMta bhUtabali praNItaH ; TIkA zrI vIrasenAcArya, sampAdaka-paM. hIrAlAlajI jaina; prakAzaka zrImaMta seTha zitAbarAya lakSmIcandra amarAvatI; vi.sa. 2011 / 34. dhArmika sahiSNutA aura jaina dharma : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina; pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, AI.TI.AI. roDa, vArANasI-5, prathama saMskaraNa san 1985 / nyAyadarzana : zrIrAma zarmA AcArya ; saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI (u.pra.); prathama saMskaraNa san 1964 / 36. paMcAstikAya : kundakundAcArya; zrImad rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa, (gujarAta); tRtIya saMskaraNa vi.saM. 2025 / 37. pAtaMjala yogadarzana : paM. candrazekhara zuklA; paM. candrazekhara zukla, mudrita kAnUna presa, kAnapura; prathama saMskaraNa san 1951 / 38. prathama karmagrantha : bAbUbhAI jeziMgalAla mahatA; yazovijaya jaina saMskRta pAThazAlA, mehasANA (gujraat)| pAtaMjalayogapradIpa : svAmI omAnanda tIrtha; motIlAla jAlAna, gItA presa, gorakhapura; caturtha saMskaraNa vi.saM. 2018 / 39. puruSArthasiddhayupAya : amRtacandrAcArya ; paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, zrImad 38.

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151 43. saMdarbha graMtha-sUcI rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa (gujarAta); SaSThama saMskaraNa san 1977 / pravacana pArijAta : AcArya vidyAsAgara; muni saMgha svAgata samiti, sAgara (ma.pra.); prathama saMskaraNa san 1980 / pravacanasAra : kundakundAcArya; hindI anu. paM. manoharalAla; paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI; prathama saMskaraNa vi. saM. 1969 / prazamarati : AcArya umAsvAti; sampAdaka paM. rAjakumArajI; zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, jauharI bAjAra, bambaI; prathama saMskaraNa san 1950 / prazna vyAkaraNa : saM. zrI mizrImalajI mahArAja ; zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.); san 1983 / prajJApanAsUtra : sampAdaka-jJAna muni; Agama prakAzana samiti, jaina sthAnaka, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.); san 1983 / / 45. bAla manovijJAna : yogendra jIta; vinoda pustaka mandira, AgarA; navam saMskaraNa san 1977 / 46. bhagavatI sUtra (vyAkhyA prajJapti) (bhAga 1-2) : sampAdaka - amaramuni; Agama prakAzana samiti, jaina sthAnaka, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAja.); san 1983 / 47. bhAratIya darzana : baladeva upAdhyAya; zAradA maMdira, vArANasI; SaSThama saMskaraNa san 1960 / 48. bhAratIya darzana : DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ; rAjapAla eNDa sansa, kazmIrI geTa, dillI-6; prathama saMskaraNa mArca 1969 / 49. bhAratIya darzana : pArasanAtha dvivedI; zrI rAmameharA eNDa kampanI, AgarA-3; prathama saMskaraNa san 1973 / 50. bhAvadIpikA : paM. dIpacandajI; sampAdaka paM. munnAlAlajI jaina kAvyatIrtha indaura; prakAzaka - brahmacArI dulIcanda udAsIna Azrama, indaura; vIra ni.saM. 2474 / 51. manana aura mUlyAMkana : muni nathamala; Adarza sAhitya saMgha, cUrU; san 1983 / 52. manovijJAna : nAramana ela mana ; rAjakamala prakAzana prA. li., dillI 6; dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1972 / 53. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA (khaNDa-1) : rAjasthAna jaina sabhA, jayapura; san 1983 / 54. mImAMsA darzana : zrI rAma zarmA AcArya, saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI

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152 kaSAya : eka tulanAtmaka adhyayana (u.pra.) ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1964 / 55. mUlArAdhanA : zivakoTi AcArya; TIkAkAra paM. sadAsukha kAsalIvAla ; vIra pustaka bhaNDAra, manihAroM kA rAstA, jypur| 56. mokSamArga prakAzaka : paM: ToDaramala ; bhASAntarakartA- zrI maganalAla jaina; AcAryakalpa paM. zrI ToDaramala granthamAlA, gA~dhI ror3a, bApUnagara, jayapura ; vi. saM. 2023 / 57. mokSazAstra arthAt tattvArthasUtra : TIkA saMgrAhaka - rAmajI mANekacanda dozI; zrI jaina svAdhyAya mandira TrasTa, sonagar3ha (saurASTra); prathama saMskaraNa vIra. saM. 2480 / / 58. rayaNasAra : kundakundAcArya; digambara jaina dharmazAlA, kUcA bulAkI begama, dillI; tRtIya saMskaraNa vi.saM. 2020 / 59. rAjavartikA (tattvArtha) : AcArya zrI akalaMka deva viracita; sampAdaka paM. gajAdharalAlajI jaina; prakAzaka zrI bhAratIya jaina siddhAnta prakAzinI saMsthA, kAzI; vIra. ni. saM. 2441, san 1915 / vikAsa manovijJAna : DaoN. zAradAprasAda varmA; madhyapradeza hindI graMtha akAdamI, bhopAla ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1972 / 61. vizeSAvazyakabhASya : jinabhadragaNi zramAzramaNa ; Agamodaya samiti, zAha vepIcaMda suracaMda, bambaI; prathama saMskaraNa san 1927 / vedAntasAra : sadAnanda ; vyAkhyAkAra - DaoN. rAdhAvallabha tripAThI; rAmanArAyaNalAla benImAdhava, 2 kaTarA roDa, ilAhAbAda; prathama saMskaraNa san 1977 / 63. vaizeSika darzana : zrI rAma zarmA AcArya ; saMskRti saMsthAna, barelI (u.pra.); prathama saMskaraNa san 1964 / zArIrika manovijJAna : ojhA evaM bhArgava ; haraprasAda bhArgava, pustaka prakAzaka ; 4/230, kacaharI ghATa, AgarA; paMcama saMskaraNa san 1983 / zikSA manovijJAna : giradhArIlAla zrIvAstava; nyU bilDigsa, amInAbAda, lakhanaU; prathama saMskaraNa san 1972 / samayasAra : kundakundAcArya ; zrI digambara jaina svAdhyAya mandira TrasTa, sonagar3ha (saurASTra); tRtIya saMskaraNa san 1964 / / 67. samavAo : sampAdaka - muni nathamala ; jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM (rAja.); prathama saMskaraNa san 1984 / 68. sarvArthasiddhi : AcArya pUjyapAda ; sampAdaka - phUlacanda zAstrI, bhAratIya 64. 66.

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saMdarbha graMtha-sUcI 153 jJAnapITha-kAzI, durgAkuNDa, banArasa; prathama saMskaraNa san 1955 / 69. sAmAnya manovijJAna : esa.esa. mAthura; vinoda pustaka mandira, hAspiTala roDa, AgarA-3; SaSTham saMskaraNa san 1973 / / sAmAnya manovijJAna kI rUparekhA : DaoN. rAmanAtha zarmA; kedAranAtha rAmanAtha, 132, kAlija roDa, meraTha; navam saMskaraNa san 1979-80 / 71. sAmAjika manovijJAna kI rUparekhA : ravIndranAtha mukarjI; kitAba mahala, 15, nArtha hila roDa, ilAhAbAda; tRtIya saMskaraNa san 1978 / 72. suttanipAta : anuvAdaka - bhikSu dharmaratna; mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, vArANasI; dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1960 / 73. sUtrakRtAMga : vyAkhyAkAra - munizrI hemacandrajI; AtmajJAna pITha, jaina dharmazAlA, mAnasA maNDI (paMjAba); prathama saMskaraNa san 1979 / saMyuttanikAya (pahalA bhAga) : anuvAdaka - bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapa, bhikSu dharmarakSita; mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, banArasa; san 1954 / / 75. saMyuttanikAya (dUsarA bhAga) : anuvAdaka - bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapa; bhikSu dharmarakSita; mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha, banArasa; prathama saMskaraNa san 1954 / sAMkhyadarzana : DaoN. rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya; bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, vArANasI; saMvat 2022 / 77. sAMkhyAkArikA : brajamohana caturvedI; nezanala pabliziMga hAusa, 2/35, aMsArI roDa, dariyAgaMja, dillI; dvitIya saMskaraNa san 1975 / 78. yogazAstra : hemacandrAcArya; anuvAdaka - muni padmavijaya; zrI nirgrantha sAhitya prakAzana saMgha, dillI-6; prathama saMskaraNa vi. 2031 / 79. yogadRSTi samuccaya : haribhadrasUri ; vivecaka - DaoN. bhagavAnadAsa manasukhabhAI mehatA; zrImad rAjacandra jJAnamaMdira, ghATakopara, muMbaI-400 077 ; prathama saMskaraNa san 1950 / 80. jJAnArNava : zubhacandrAcArya; zrImad rAjacandra Azrama, agAsa (gujarAta); caturtha saMskaraNa san 1975 / zrImad bhagavadgItA (rAmAnuja bhASya) : anuvAdaka - harikRSNadAsa goyandakA; ghanazyAmadAsa jAlAna, gItApresa, gorakhapura; dvitIya saMskaraNa vi.saM. 2008 / 81.

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sAdhvI hemaprajJAzrI janma pitA mAtA sAMsArika nAma dIkSA dIkSAguru : 1958 I., : zrI jindAsamalajI surAnA : zrI tilakasundarI surAnA kumArI hemalatA sAdhvI-krama nizrAdAtrI guru : vyAvahArika zikSA : (saMgIta) bI.e., (saMskRta) ema.e., ema. phila., pIeca.DI. : 1979 I., jayapura : jaina kokilA, vyAkhyAnabhAratI, vizva prema pracArikA, samanvayasAdhikA, bhedavijJAnI, samatAmUrti sva. pravartinI zrI vicakSaNazrI jI mahArAja jayapura : aMtima ziSyA : ojasvI vANI kI dhanI, AdhyAtmika, sAmAjika, pArivArika, manovaijJAnika viSayoM para hRdayasparzI cintanazIlA, jana-mana zraddheyA, pUjyA sAdhvI zrI maNiprabhAzrI jI.

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