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JAINA BIBLIOGRAPHY
1335
The Pāņdya countıy almost overrun by Jainism ; Sambandar (Nanasambandar) Vanquished the Jain in debate and converted the Pāņdya King and his subjects to Saivism ; 800 Jains were put to death by impalement at Madura ; middle of the seventh century ; his Pandya contemporary was either Märavarman Avanisulamani or his grandson Arikesari Mārauarman.
P. 415. Tirumalisai an elder contemporary of Pallava Mahendravarman I, is said to have practised Jainism, Buddhism and Saivism.
P. 416. Yuan Chwang, who visited South India in 642, remarks that Buddhism had yielded to Digambara Jainism.
P. 419. Rämānuja won over the Hoysala, King Vishnu Vardhana from Jainism.
Pp. 426-27. Jainism had more influence than Buddhism on the life of the people, particularly in Karnataka and in the Tamil country owing to the striking contributions made by the Jain authors to the literatures of Kannada and Tamil. The Tain Temple built at Aihole by Ravikirti in the reign of Pulakesin II, was the abode of all excellencies; Jain temples and monasteries built in the extensive dominion of the Chalukyas and the Rashtrakūtas. Many early western Ganga monarchas followed Jainism and it also found patronage under the Eeastern Chalukyas. Amma II, (mid-tenth century) built two Jinalayas & established salras (feeding houses) attached to them where śramaņas (Jain monks) of all the four castes were to be fed.
Jainism had much in common with Hinduism. In 812 a Jain temple was endowed for the removal of trouble caused to a Chalukya Vimalāditya by the planet Saturn. In many Jain grants, endowments for daily rites ; influential guilds of merchants included a strong Jain wing in their membership. Jainism not altogether disappeared from the country.
P. 427. The Äjivikas.
P. 434. Khandagiri and Udayagiri rock-cut chambers. The Courtyard of the Räni-gumphā constituted an open air theatre. In the Ganesa Gumpha the entrance steps are flanked with figures of elephants, the first appearance of the sculptured animal motiff at the entrance to a rock-cut hall,
P. 438. The Ajantā style of Painting seen in a Jain cave at Sittannavāsal.
P. 445. At Ellora are five Jain excavations of the ninth century but only three of them Notable--Choța-kailaso ; Indrasabha and Jagannatha-sabha both two-storeyed.
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