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JAINA BIBLIOGRAPHY
1497
rituals, they did not go against the prevalent customs and practices of the people, but they tried to replace a few of them by similar disguised practices in order to attract the masses. They tried to get rid of those Brahmanical practices which involved killing of life The Jains introduced eight Mangalas. Though they challenged the orthodox view of the high position of the Brahmanas, they placed the Kshatriyas above all.
1815
S. B. Deo--- Jaina Manastic Jurisprudence. Banares, 1960. P.187.
It is a book on Jaina monastic jurisprudence originally embedded in the author's 'History of Jaina Monachism from Inscriptions and Literature'-contents. I. The Background to Monastic Jurisprudence. 2. The custodians of Monastic jurisprudence. 3. Laws of jurisprudence and their working. 4. Transgressions and punishments. 5. Bibliography and Index.
1816
H. L. JAIN---I he practice of the earlier Tirthankaras. (Proc. and Trans. AIOC, XIXth Session), Delhi, 1961. Part II, Pp. 75-81.
Mahāvira adopted an earlier system of religion which was prevalent in his time and which he renovated and preached to his followers. According to Dr. Herman Jacobi Pārsvanātha was a historical person (Introduction to Vol. XXII and XIV of the SBE). According to Dhammanand Kosambi Buddha came into contact with the followers of Pārsvanātha even before as well as after his enlighteninent (Pürsvanatha's Caturyama Diarma). The asceticism of Pārsvanätha has been called Caujjāma (Caturyāma) and this name has been given even to the system of Mahāvīra in the Pāli books. Pārsvanātha regarded all Samyama as one (Sāmāyika), Mahāvīra classified it into five vows Chhedopasthānika). Both the Digambara and Śvetāmbara traditions agree.
1817
A. N. UPADHYE and H. L. JAIN-Gunabhadra's Atmānušāsana, Sholapur, 1961.
Text critically edited with Introduction, Appendices, and with the commentary of Prabhācandra.
Introduction.
1. Atmānuśāsana-means spiritual advice or self instruction. Its various editions. It belongs to the category of religious and didactic poetry following the pattern of Jaina ideology.
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