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JAINA BIBLIOGRAPHY
with legendary and miraculous occurences. The Puranas are both Śaiva and Jaina in origin, the Jaina versions being, generally latter and perhaps relatively less trustworthy.
P. 389. Both the Virasaiva and the Jain literary sources say that Bijjala was a Jain. (JBBRAS. Vol. VIII, p. 78 and DKD). The Jainas usually described all important persons from Chandragupta Maurya downwards and even such Puranic figures as Rama as Jainas, and not much value can attach to such testimony. Bijjala was a Saiva. The story of Ekantada Ramayya (Lingayat) and the Jainas; Ramayya's challenge...if the Jainas would wager their 800 temples including the Anesejjeya Basadi in Lakshmeśvara. Jainism in Karnataka suffered most by the impact of the new Saiva revival.
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S. S. MALWAD-Swadi Dynasty. (Pr. & Tr. A. I. O. C. 18th Sess. 1955. Annamalainagar, 1958).
Pp. 295-296. Krishnadevaraya of Vijayanagara (1508-1542) made his sister's son Arasappa Naik the ruler of Swadi which belonged to local chiefs of Kadamba family. Thus Arasappa Naik (1555-1598) became the founder of Swadi dynasty. He patronised the four monasteries at Swadi, viz. Brahmin, Vaishnava, Jaina and Virasaiva. It was during his time that Bhattakalanka, the head of the Jain monastery at Swadi composed 'Karnataka Sabdanusasana".
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U. P. SHAH-Jaina Monk Kalakacharya in Suvarnabhumi (Pr. Tr. A.I.O.C. 18th Sess. 1955. Annamalainagar, 1958).
Pp. 260-269. Arya Syama identified as Kalakacharya who went to Suvarnabhumi, who learnt nimitta from Ajivikas, who gave some predictions about the siege of Mathura and who composed the anuyoga texts.
If the Kalaka of the Garddhabhilla legend is Kalaka II, then this Kalaka II's date would be C. 453 after Mahāvīra, i.e., 74 B.C. or 15 B.C. according as the date of Nirvana in 427 B.C. or 568 B.C. The incidents ascribed to Kalaka II, relate to Kalaka I.
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Jaina monks and laymen had been to Suvarnabhumi in the first or second century, B.C.
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