Prakrit Vidya 2001 07

Author(s): Rajaram Jain, Sudip Jain
Publisher: Kundkund Bharti Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/521366/1

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ISSNNo.0971-796X prAkRta hindI varSa 13, aMka 2, julAI-sitambara 2001 I. 3350 400 candragupta maurya bhArata CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA INDIA 2001 digvijayI jaina-samrAT candragupta maurya (bhArata-sarakAra ke saMcAra-maMtrAlaya dvArA hAla hI meM jArI DAka-TikaTa kA citra)

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AvaraNa pRSTha ke bAre meM AvaraNa-pRSTha para mudrita citra 21 julAI 2001 ko kAnapura (u0pra0) meM kendra-sarakAra dvArA jArI kiye gaye DAka-TikiTa kA hai| isa TikiTa ko tatkAlIna saMcAramaMtrI zrI rAmavilAsa pAsavAna ne jArI kiyA thaa| cAra rupaye mUlya ke isa nayanAbhirAma DAkaTikiTa kA paricaya dete hue naI dillI se prakAzita hindustAna' (dainika) ke 19 julAI ke saMskaraNa (pRSTa 7) para likhA hai ki "DAka-vibhAga itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa hastI candragupta maurya para 4 rupaye kA DAkaTikiTa nikAlane jA rahA hai| ...candragupta maurya kA zAsana 25 varSa taka claa| jaina-paramparA meM mAnA jAtA hai ki bhadrabAhu se prerita hokara unhoMne jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA thaa| usane na kevala apane sAmrAjya kI sImA bar3hAyI, balki sazakta prazAsana-praNAlI kAyama kI aura rAjya kI Arthika nIMva majabUta kii|" vyaktigatarUpa se samrATa candragupta maurya dhArmika bhI thA aura sAdhu-santoM kA vizeSa Adara karatA thaa| jaina anuzrutiyoM meM use sarvatra zuddha kSatriya-kulotpanna kahA hai| IsavI san kI prArambhika zatAbdiyoM ke prAcIna siddhAnta-zAstra 'tiloyapaNNatti' meM candragupta ko una 'mukuTabaddha mANDalika-samrAToM meM antima' kahA gayA hai, jinhoMne dIkSA lekara antima-jIvana jainamuni ke rUpa meM vyatIta kiyA thaa| vaha AcArya bhadrabAhu-zrutakevalI kI AmnAya kA upAsaka thA, aura unakA hI padAnusaraNa karane kA abhilASI thaa| ataeva lagabhaga paccIsa varSa rAjyabhoga karane ke uparAnta IsApUrva 298 meM putra bindusAra ko rAjyabhAra sauMpakara aura use guru cANakya ke hI abhibhAvakatva meM chor3a dakSiNa kI ora prayANa kara gyaa| mArga meM saurASTra prAnta ke girinagara (giranAra) kI jisa guphA meM usane kucha dina nivAsa kiyA, vaha tabhI se candraguphA' kahalAne lgii| dhyAtavya hai isI candraguphA' meM dharasenAcArya ne puSpadanta evaM bhUtabalI nAmaka munidvaya ko avaziSTa zrutajJAna kA upadeza diyA thaa| vahA~ se calakara yaha rAjarSi karNATakadezastha zravaNabelagola' pahu~cA, jahA~ AcArya bhadrabAhu divaMgata hue| usa sthAna ke eka parvata para munirAja candragupta (dIkSoparAMta nAma vizAkhAcArya') ne tapasyA kI aura vahIM kucha varSa uparAnta sallekhanApUrvaka dehatyAga kiyaa| unakI smRti meM hI vaha parvata 'candragiri' nAma se prasiddha huaa| usakI jisa guphA meM unhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyA thA, usameM unake caraNa-cihna bane haiM aura vaha sthAna candragupta-basati' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| ___mUlasaMghI-muniyoM kA candraguptagaccha' yA 'candragaccha' inhIM candraguptAcArya (vizAkhAcArya) ke nAma para sthApita huA mAnA jAtA hai| isa mahAn jaina-samrATa ke samaya meM hI bhAratavarSa prathamabAra tathA antimabAra apanI rAjanItika-pUrNatA evaM sAmrAjyika-ekatA ko prApta huA aura magadha- sAmrAjya ke rUpa meM bhAratIya-sAmrAjya apane caramotkarSa ko pahu~cA thaa| sampAdaka

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| ISSN No. 0971-796 x/ meroin / / jayadu sud-devdaa|| prAkRta-vidyA pAgada-vijjA PRAKRIT-VIDYA Paga d-Vijja zaurasenI, prAkRta evaM sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI traimAsikI zodha-patrikA The quarterly Research Journal of Shaurseni, Prakrit & Cultural Values vIrasaMvat 2527 julAI-sitambara 2001 I0 varSa 13 aMka 2 Veersamvat 2527 July-September '2001 Year 13 Issue 2 AcArya kundakunda samAdhi-saMvat 2013 Hon. Chief Editor mAnada pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 (DaoN0) rAjArAma jaina nidezaka, kundakunda bhAratI jaina zodha saMsthAna PROF. (DR.) RAJA RAM JAIN Director, K.K.B. Jain Research Institute mAnada sampAdaka Hon. Editor DaoN0 sudIpa jaina DR. SUDEEP JAIN ema.e. (prAkRta), pI-eca.DI. M.A. (Prakrit), Ph.D. Publisher prakAzaka zrI sureza candra jaina maMtrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI TrasTa SURESH CHANDRA JAIN Secretary Shri Kundkund Bharti Trust vArSika sadasyatA zulka - pacAsa rupaye (bhArata) eka aMka __ - pandraha rupaye (bhArata) 6.0 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara 1.5 $ (DAlara) bhArata ke bAhara prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 101

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sampAdaka-maNDala pro0 (DaoN0) premasumana jaina pro0 (DaoN0) zaziprabhA jaina DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI DaoN0 udayacandra jaina DaoN0 jayakumAra upAdhye prabandha sampAdaka DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina zrI kundakunda bhAratI (prAkRta bhavana) 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 phona (011) 6564510 phaiksa (011) 6856286 Kundkund Bharti (Prakrit Bhawan) 18-B, Spl. Institutional Area New Delhi-110067 Phone (91-11) 6564510 _Fax (91-11) 6856286 "AmnAya' kA vaiziSTya ___vaacnaa-pRcchnaanuprekssaamnaaydhrmopdeshaa:|" ___arthAt vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza --ye pA~ca svAdhyAya ke aMga haiN| "aSTasthAnoccAravizeSeNa yacchuddhaM ghoSaNaM puna: puna: parivartanaM sa AmnAya: kthyte|" -(A0 zrutasAgara sUri, tattvArthavRtti, navama adhyAya, 25) kaNTha, tAlu Adi ATha uccAraNa-sthAnoM kI vizeSatA se jo zuddha ghoSaNa/uccAraNa bArambAra parivartanapUrvaka kiyA jAtA hai, use 'AmnAya' kahate haiN| ** "unhoMne (AcArya kundakunda ne) aneka granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA, jo sabake saba 'zaurasenI prAkRta' meM haiN|" -karuNApati tripAThI pUrvakulapati, sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI (AcArya kuMdakuMda aura unakA samayasAra, prastAvanA, pRSTha 2) dhana-kana-kaMcana-rAjasukha, sabahi sulabha kara jAna / durlabha hai saMsAra meM, eka yathAratha jJAna / / kAtantravyAkaraNam 'kAtantraM hi vyAkaraNaM pANinIyetaravyAkaraNeSu prAcInatamam / asya praNetRviSaye'pi vipazcitAM naikamatyam / evameva kAlaviSaye nAmaviSaye ca yudhiSThiro hi kAtantrapravartanakAlo vikramapUrva tRtIya-sahasrAbdIti mnyte|' -likhaka : lokamaNidAhala:, vyAkaraNazAstretihAsa:, bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana, dillI, pRSTha 260) 002 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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anakrama kra. zIrSaka - lekhaka pRSTha saM0 01. maMgalAcaraNa : kuMdakuMda-vacanAmRta mizrIlAla jaina eDavokeTa 02. sampAdakIya : DaoN0 sudIpa jaina 03. 'samayapAhuDa' badalane kA duHsAhasa pUrNa upakrama DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI 04. dakSiNa bhArata meM samrATa candragupta se pUrva bhI DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ___jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra thA 05. 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' kI 'dhavalA' TIkA ke DaoN0 udayacandra jaina prathama pustaka ke anekArtha-zabda 06. bhAratIya saMskRti ko tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI dena / padmabhUSaNa AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya 32 07. AtmajayI mahAvIra AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivedI 08. bhAratIya saMskRti meM gAya DaoN0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 09. mAMsAhAra : eka samIkSA AcArya mahAprajJa 10. prAkRta-graMthoM meM jina-sAdhuoM kA nivAsa aura DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala . ____ vihAra-caryA kA svarUpa 11. 'brAhmI' lipi aura jaina-paramparA DaoN0 ravIndra kumAra vaziSTha 52 12. lipizAlAsaMdarzanaparivarto dazama: 13. zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM varNita baiMkiMga praNAlI zrI bizanasvarUpa rustagI 14. jainadharma kA tattva-cintana : grIka-dArzanika pro0 premasumana jaina pro0 hAjime nAkAmurA' kI dRSTi meM / '15. oMkAra mahAmaMtra aura usakA prabhAva AcArya rAjakumAra jaina 16. zrI sammedazikhara aSTaka vidyAvAridhi DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA 74 17. zabda-svarUpa evaM dhvani-vijJAna DaoN0 mAyA jaina 18. zAkAhAriyoM ke liye briTena meM bImA sastA hogA 19. rAvaNa nahIM phUMkA jAyegA aba dazahare para surezacandra sinhA 20. gadhoM se gadhe kI taraha kAma lene para roka : 8 ghaMTe kI DyUTI taya 21. jaina Agama-sAhitya meM pratipAdita zramaNoM ke mUlaguNa DaoN0 jinendra jaina 22. vidizA ke bar3e jaina mandira ke kucha mUrti-lekha kundana lAla jaina 23. yUnIkoDa ne devanAgarI ke 'halaMta' ko virAma' banA diyA vinoda vArSNeyI 24. khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava DaoN0 ramezacaMda jaina 25. pustaka-samIkSA 26. abhimata 27. samAcAra-darzana prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 003

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REC8888888888A PHOTOFORU kuMdakuMda-vacanAmRta -padyAnuvAda : mizrIlAla jaina eDavokeTa, sivanI kAdaNa NamokkAraM jiNavaravasahassa vddddhmaannss| dasaNamagagaM vaoNcchAmI jahAkammaM smaasenn|| 1 / / RSabha se mahAvIra taka, tIrthaMkaroM kI zrRMkhalA hai| saMsRti ko divyadhvani meM, de gae anupama-kalA hai|| kara namana unake caraNa meM, samaya kAgaja para likhA hai| mahakatA prajJA-sumana, unakI kiraNa pAkara jagA hai|| dasaNabhaTTA bhaTTA daMsaNabhaTTassa Natthi nnivvaannN| sijhaMti cariyabhaTTA daMsaNabhaTTA Na sijhNti|| 2 / / bhraSTa darzana se hue nirvANa unakI kalpanA hai| bIja ke binA vRkSa, jananI binA sUta kisane janA hai|| skhalita cAritra-darzana-yukta, mukti-varaNa kI sambhAvanA hai| divyadhvani ke rahasya-sAdhaka ! prathama tumako jAnanA hai|| jiNavayaNamosahamiNaM visayasuhavireyaNaM amidabhUdaM / jara-maraNa-vAhiharaNaM khayakaraNaM savvadukkhANaM / / 3 / / viSaya-vAsanA kI vyAdhi ko, divya-dhvani auSadhi hai| zAzvata-sukha upalabdha karAtI, jarA-mRtyu kI iti hai|| karma-kaluSa sAre dhula jAte, AtmA nirmala hotii| darzana-jJAna-caritra ke taTa, milate mukti ke motii|| ** 004 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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ahiMsA ke avatAra - paMcaparameSThI -DaoN0 sudIpa jaina zramaNa-paramparA ke mUlasaMgha kA Adigrantha 'chakkhaMDAgamasuttaM' hai| isake maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM paMcaparameSThI ko zaurasenIprAkRtabhASAnibaddha nimnalikhita gAthAsUtra meM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai "Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM Namo aairiyaannN| Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loge savva-sAhUNaM / / " - artha :- arihaMtoM ko namaskAra, siddhoM ko namaskAra, AcAryoM ko namaskAra, upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra evaM loka ke samasta sAdhuoM ko namaskAra ho| isameM aMtima caraNa meM Agata 'loge savva' pada 'antyadIpaka' haiM, arthAt inakA prayoga pratyeka ke sAtha samajhanA caahie| udAharaNasvarUpa loka ke sabhI arihaMtoM ko namaskAra ho, loka ke sabhI siddhoM ko namaskAra ho.......' ityaadi| ___uparyukta gAthAsUtra-baddha maMgalAcaraNa ko jaina-paramparA meM NamokAra mahAmaMtra' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, tathA vyakti-vizeSa se sambaddha na hone se tathA arihaMtAdi pUjyapadoM kI paramparA anAdi-anidhana svIkRta hone se isa mahAmaMtra ko anAdi-anidhana mAnA gayA hai| prathama-prayoga kI dRSTi yadyapi isa mahAmaMtra kI prathama do paMktiyA~ kiMcitparivartita rUpa meM samrAT khAravela ke IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI ke aitihAsika hAthIgumphA-zilAlekha ke prAraMbha meM nimnAnusAra pAyI jAtI haiM :- "Namo arihaMtAnaM, Namo savasidhAnaM" ___ inameM oDramAgadhI prAkRta ke prabhAva se Adi-'NakAra' yathAvat rahA hai, kintu antya-'NakAra' kA 'nakAra' ho gayA hai| ___ astu, isakA prAcInatama paripUrNa likhitarUpa 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' ke maMgalAcaraNa kA hai, jo ki vizuddha zaurasenIprAkRta meM nibaddha hai| isa mahAmaMtra meM jina paMca-parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, usakA acintyaprabhAva batAyA gayA hai prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 105

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"eso paMca NamokkAro savva paavppnnaasnno| maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhama hodi maMgalaM / / " artha :- yaha paMca namaskAra (paMcaparameSThiyoM ko 'NamokAra maMtra' meM kiyA gayA namaskAra) sabhI pApoM ko nAza karanevAlA hai tathA sabhI maMgaloM meM prathama maMgala hai| isa 'NamokAra maMtra' meM namaskRta paMcaparameSThI 'ahiMsA ke avatAra' ke rUpa meM 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta' ke racayitA AcArya bhUtabali ke dvArA prarUpita kiye gaye haiM "sAhUvajjhAyarie arihaMte vaMdidUNa siddhe vi| jo paMca-logavAle vaoNcchaM baMdhassa sAmittaM / / " -(baMdhasAmittavicaya, maMgalAcaraNa) artha :- bhAvaliMgI sAdhu, upAdhyAya, AcArya, arihaMta aura siddha parameSThI - ina pA~ca lokapAloM (loka kA pAlana, rakSaNa karanevAloM) kI vaMdanA karake maiM baMdhasvAmitva ke viSaya kA varNana karate haiN| cU~ki paMcaparameSThiyoM meM sabase kaniSTha 'sAdhu parameSThI' bhI 'ahiMsAmahAvrata' ke dhanI hote haiM, samasta trasa aura sthAvara jIvoM kI rakSA karate hai (arthAt unake dvArA kRta-kArita-anumodanA se kisI bhI prakAra ke jIva kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai); taba zeSa cAroM pada to inase bhI uccapada haiM; unase to jIvaghAta kA kArya saMbhava hI nahIM hai; isIkAraNa se ye paMcaparameSThI ahiMsA ke avatAra hone ke kAraNa lokapAla' kahe jAte haiN| ve 'maeNttI me savvabhUdesu' kI bhAvanA se otaprota hokara prANImAtra kA hitaciMtana karanevAle evaM mitra ke samAna rakSaka/zubhaciMtaka hote haiN| 'gadyaciMtAmaNi' ke maMgalAcaraNa meM AcAryadeva likhate haiM "trilokarakSAnirato jineshvrH|" arthAt jinezvara bhagavAn tInoM lokoM kI rakSA karane meM nirata rahate haiN| vastuta: vItarAgI hone se hI unake nimitta se kisI ko pIr3A nahIM ho pAtI hai, kyoMki parapIr3A kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa hai| tathA parapIr3AkAraka bhAvoM kA leza bhI zeSa nahIM rahane se unheM 'trilokarakSA meM nirata' vizeSaNa se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI unake pAvana-smaraNa se bhI jIva pApabhAvoM se baca jAte haiM, isaprakAra pApoM se jIvoM kI rakSA karane ke nimitta hone ke kAraNa bhI unakI yaha saMjJA sArthaka hai| isa NamokAra maMtra' ko 'jinazAsana kA sAra' bhI kahA gayA hai "jiNasAsaNassa sAro coddasa-puvvANa jo smuddhaaro| jassa maNe NamokkAro saMsAro tassa kiM kuNadi? / / " -(A0 vasunaMdi, tattva vicAra, 1/28, pR0 171) artha :- yaha paMcanamaskAra-mahAmaMtra jinazAsana kA sAra hai aura caudahapUrva-paramAgama 006 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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kA samyak uddhArarUpa hai| aisA mahAmaMtra NamokAra' jisake hRdaya meM sthita hai, saMsAra usakA kyA bigAr3a sakatA hai? arthAt kucha bhI nahIM bigAr3a sakatA hai| ve isI tathya kI puSTi karate hue Age likhate haiM "eso vi NamokkAro jeNa kado bhttinnibbhrmnnenn| khavidUNa kammarAsI pattA mokkhaphalaM te vi||" - (vahI, 1/7) artha :- jo bhavyajIva bhakti se ApUrita hRdaya se paMcaparameSThI ko namaskAra karate haiM, ve karmarAzi kA kSaya karake mokSarUpI phala ko prApta karate haiN| ___vastuta: samyagdarzana kI prApti se lekara mokSAvasthA pAne taka paMcaparameSThiyoM ko hI mukhya bAhya-nimittakAraNa prarUpita kiyA gayA hai| ataeva paMcaparameSThiyoM ko bhaktipUrvaka namaskAra kA karmakSayahetutva-prarUpaNa yuktisaMgata hai| ina paMca-parameSThiyoM kA ciMtana vyavahAra dharmadhyAna' ke rUpa meM karane kI preraNA 'dravyasaMgraha' meM AcArya ne nemicaMdra siddhAMtideva ne bhalIbhA~ti kI hai| ve likhate haiM _ "paNatIsa-sola-chappaNa-cad-dugamegaM ca javaha jhAeha / parameTThi-vAcayANaM aNNaM ca gurUvadeseNa / / " artha :- paMca-parameSThiyoM ke vAcaka paiMtIsa akSaroMvAle (uparyukta pUrNa NamokAra-maMtra), * solaha akSaroMvAle (arihaMta-siddha-AcArya-upAdhyAya-sAdhu), chaha akSaroMvAle (arihaMta-siddha) pA~ca akSaroMvAle (a-si-A-u-sA), cAra akSaroMvAle (arihaMta), do akSaroMvAle (siddha), ekAkSarI (OM) padoM ko japo aura dhyAna kro| yaha 'padastha dharmadhyAna' haiN| ___ise 'nizcayadharmadhyAna kI prApti kA hetu' kahA gayA hai| isakA avalambana lekara jIva AtmarakSita ho jAte haiM, isIlie paMcaparameSThI ko 'trilokarakSaka' jaisI saMjJA dI gayI hai| paMcaparameSThiyoM ke prati bhakti-bahumAna ko abhivyakta karane ke lie anekoM sAdhana apanAye jAte the| udAharaNasvarUpa, dIvAloM meM eka sAtha paMcaparameSThiyoM kI pratimAyeM sthApita kI jAtI thIM, inheM 'bhittikarma' kahA gayA hai| AcArya vIrasena svAmI likhate haiM"kuDDesu abhedaghaDida-paMcalokapAla-paDimAo bhittikammANi NAma / " -(dhavalA, vaggaNAkhaMDa, bhAga 13, pRSTha 202) artha :- dIvAla meM abhinnarUpa se (nirantara) banAyI gaI paMcalokapAloM (paMcaparameSThiyoM) kI pratimAyeM 'bhittikarma' hai| dharmadhyAna ke lie anekoM sAdhana AcAryoM ne prarUpita kiye haiM"ciMtaMto sasarUvaM jiNabiMba ahavA akkharaM paramaM / " - (svAmI kArtikeya, kattigeyANuvekkhA, 4) artha :- AtmasvarUpa kA citavana karanA, jinendra paramAtmA ke biMba para upayoga ekAgra karanA athavA paramapadavAcI akSara avinAzI (OMkAra yA NamokAra) kA ciMtana, dhyAna prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 007

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karanA caahiye| jainAcAryoM ne antya tIna parameSThiyoM ko zramaNa' saMjJA prayukta kI hai"zramaNa-zabda vAcyAnAcAryopAdhyAya sAdhUMzca / " -(AcArya jayasena, pavayaNasAra, gAthA 2 kI TIkA) tathA prathama do parameSThiyoM ko 'jina' kahA gayA hai "AcArANAM vighAtena kudRSTinAM ca sampadAm / dharmaglAniM pariprAptamucchriyante jinottmaa||" __ -(AcArya raviSeNa-padmapurANa) ina pA~coM parameSThiyoM kA svarUpa ahiMsAmaya evaM ahiMsAprabhAvaka hone se inheM hI maMgalasvarUpa, lokottama evaM ekamAtra zaraNabhUta bhI 'cattAridaMDaka' meM kahA gayA hai| ye sAkSAtdharmasvarUpa haiM, aura dharma ahiMsAmaya kahA gayA hai "dhammo maMgalamukkiTheM ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM paNamaMti, jassa dhamme sayA mnno||" -(kriyAkalApa, pRSTha 260) artha :- dharma maMgalamaya aura utkRSTa hai, vaha ahiMsArUpa, saMyamamaya evaM tapa:pradhAna hai| aisA dharma jisake mana meM hotA hai, use devatA bhI praNAma karate haiN| ahiMsAprabhAvaka NamokAra mahAmaMtra' kI acintya mahimA evaM prabhAva ke kAraNa hI jaina-AmnAya meM bAlaka ko janma, nAmakaraNa Adi prasaMgoM para use 'NamokAra maMtra' sunAte haiN| zikSA grahaNa ke prasaMga meM bhI usase sarvaprathama NamokAra mahAmaMtra' kA hI uccAraNa karAte haiN| jIvanabhara zamana se pUrva evaM jAgane ke bAda sarvaprathama isI maMtra kA jApa karane kA vidhAna hai tathA maraNa ke samaya bhI NamokAra maMtra' sunakara deha chor3ane ko Adarza batAyA gayA hai| isaprakAra zaurasenIprAkRtabhASAnibaddha paMca-parameSThI namaskAraparaka isa 'NamokAra mahAmaMtra' se janma se lekara dehatyAga-paryanta jahA~ hama paMcaparameSThI kI bhakti-anurAga se ahiMsaka saMskAra prApta karate haiM, vahIM zaurasenI prAkRta kA prayoga bhI hama apane jIvana meM isake mAdhyama se jIvaMta rakhate haiN| bauddhadharma meM AhArazuddhi madyaM mAMsaM malAiMca na bhakSayeyaM mahAmate ! bodhisattvairmahAsattvairmAvAdivajjinapuMgavaiH / - (laMkAvatArasUtra, 1922 I0) artha :- hemahAmate! bauddhamatI, mahAbauddhamatI, kisI ko bhI mAMsa, madirA, pyAja Adi nahIM khAnA cAhie, --aisA jinendroM ne kahA hai| ** 008 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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'samayapAhuDa' badalane kA du:sAhasa pUrNa upakrama -DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI 'jJAna' ko mokSasAdhana pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, kiMtu AdhA-adhUrA jJAna kisa taraha se sva-para-vighAta kI pariNati ko prastuta karatA hai yaha tathya samprati vIrasevAmaMdira' se prakAzita 'samayapAhuDa' ke saMskaraNa meM bhalIbhA~ti spaSTa ho jAtA hai| vidvAn-lekhaka DaoN0 devendra kumAra jI zAstrI ne isa viSaya meM vyApaka pramANoM ke sAtha do TUka zabdoM meM samasta bhrAmaka-avadhAraNAoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| yaha Alekha yadyapi eka-do mAsika-pAkSika patrikAoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai; kiMtu lekhaka ne sarvaprathama yaha 'prAkRtavidyA' meM prakAzanArtha bhejA thA aura traimAsikI hone ke kAraNa isakA prakAzana-krama apekSAkRta paravartI rhaa| phira bhI lekhaka kI mUlabhAvanA evaM lekha kA viSaya - ina donoM dRSTiyoM se yaha Alekha jijJAsu pAThakoM ke mananArtha yahA~ prastuta hai| -sampAdaka IsApUrva prathama-zatAbdI ke AcArya kundakunda ne kevalI tathA zrutakevalI-kathita jinAgama ko pAhuDoM (sAkSAt tIrthaMkara kI vANI) ke rUpa meM nibaddhakara zrutadharAcArya kA mahAn kArya kiyA thaa| kucha samaya pUrva 'vIra sevA mandira', naI dillI se 'samayapAhuDa' kA eka saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai| isake Amukha meM zrI rUpacanda kaTAriyA ne AcArya kundakunda aura AcArya amRtacandra kA yaha kahakara virodha kiyA hai ki ve Agama se skhalita hue haiN|' unake zabdoM meM-- "aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mUla-gAthAoM kI chAyA kisI anya vidvAn ke dvArA kI gaI jisake AdhAra para zrI amRtacandrAcArya ne 'AtmakhyAti' nAmaka TIkA likhii| isaprakAra saMskRta-chAyA ke AdhAra para TIkA hone se aneka-sthaloM para mUlagAthA ke abhiprAyArtha se skhalana ho gayA lagatA hai| yadyapi zrI kundakundAcArya ne svayaM isa samayapAhuDa' ko zrutakevalI-bhaNita kahA hai; tathApi Agama ke pUrvApara kA virodha hone se pazcAdvartI TIkAkAroM ko kundakundAcArya ko sImaMdhara-svAmI ke samavasaraNa meM jAkara paramparita-jJAna se anya adhyAtmajJAna prApta karane kI bAta kahanI pdd'ii|" lekhaka ke ukta tiraskArapUrNa-lekhana se ahaMbhAva ke pradarzana kI jhalaka milatI hai| unake likhane se aisA lagatA hai ki vartamAna kalikAla meM ve aise sarvajJa haiM, jinako saba patA hai ki AcAryoM ne kahA~ para aura kyA galtiyA~ kI haiN| yaha samayapAhuDa' AcArya kundakunda kI bhUla prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 009

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ThIka karane kA eka mahAn upakrama hai / lekhaka ne isa bAta kI puSTi karate hue likhA hai-- "samayapAhuDa kI kisI bhI gAthA meM tathA kundakundAcArya kI kisI bhI kRti meM 'vyavahAra' ko 'asatyArtha' nahIM kahA gayA hai aura usa naya ko 'jinopadiSTa' batalAyA gayA hai| isase pratiphalita hotA hai ki vyavahAranaya 'jinopadiSTa' hai aura bhagavAn jinendradeva ke dvArA kathita hone se satyArtha hai / ' isaprakAra ke kAlpanika niSkarSoM tathA managaDhanta - UhApoha se bharita isa pustaka ke lekhana tathA prakAzana meM vyartha hI samaya, zrama tathA dhana kA apavyaya kiyA gayA hai / kyoMki isa pustaka kA mUla-prayojana 'vavahAro'bhUyattho' yA 'vavahAro abhUdattho' ke sthAna para 'vavahAro bhUdattho' pATha badalanA hai / usakI vakAlata karate hue zrI kaTAriyA jI ne likhA hai-----"yahA~ vicAraNIya yaha hai ki ukta gAthA kI jo saMskRta - chAyA kI gaI hai, usameM 'bhUdattho' ko 'abhUdattho' kaise kara diyA gayA? aura amRtacandra jaise medhAvI AcArya ne use svIkAra karate hue tadanusAra hI apanI TIkA meM usake artha ko kaise abhivyakta kiyA? jisase artha kA anartha ho gayA aura isaprakAra viparItArtha ho jAne para paravartI samaya meM vrata, tapa, samiti, gupti Adi ko vyavahAra mAnakara mahattvahIna kara diyA gayA, jisase hamAre cAritra para prabala kuThArAghAta huA hai| "3 isase spaSTa hai ki lekhaka ko 'vyavahAranaya' aura 'nizcayanaya' ke viSaya meM bar3A bhrama hai| 'vyavahAra' zabda 'vi+ava+hR haraNe' dhAtu se niSpanna huA hai / 'vyavahAranaya' jo vastu jaisI hai, usakA lopakara yA anya ko milAkara use usa rUpa kahatA hai / isaliye AcArya kundakunda aura AcArya amRtacandra yaha kahate haiM ki samasta vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha hone se abhUta (jo vidyamAna nahIM hai ) artha (padArtha) ko prakaTa karatA hai, aura kevala zuddhanaya hI bhUtArtha hone ke kAraNa sahaja, satyabhUta ( jaisI vastu hai) padArtha ko kahatA hai / vyavahAranaya kA anusaraNa kyoM nahIM karanA cAhie? isa prazna ke uttara meM AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM-- vavahAro abhUdatyo bhUdatyo desido du suddhaNao / bhUdatyamassido khalu sammAdiTThI havadi jIvo / / 11 / / ukta gAthA prAcInatama tAr3apatrIya, hastalikhita evaM sarvaprathama kAraMjA se prakAzita 'samayasAra' ke AdhAra para likhI gaI hai| isa gAthA kA bhAvArtha likhate hue zrI sahajAnanda jI varNI 'samayasAra' kI 'saptadazAMgI' TIkA meM kahate haiM-- bhAvArtha :- . "yahA~ vyavahAranaya ko 'abhUtArtha' aura 'zuddhanaya' ko bhUtArtha kahA hai| jo sahaja astitvamaya hai, use 'bhUtArtha' kahate haiM aura jo sahaja nahIM hai, kintu aupAdhika hai, use abhUtArtha kahate haiM / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki zuddhanaya kA viSaya sahaja abheda ekAkArarUpa nitya-dravya hai, isakI dRSTi meM bheda nahIM dIkhatA / isaliye isakI dRSTi meM vaha abhUtArtha 10 - prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001

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avidyamAna-asatyArtha hI kahanA caahiye|" - (pRSTha 30) ___ yadi kaTAriyA jI varNI jI ke likhe hue sampUrNa bhAvArtha ko bhalIbhA~ti samajha lete, to phira pustaka likhane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| ____ AcArya kundakunda ne nizcayanaya ko 'zuddhanaya' kahakara varNI jI ke zabdoM meM tIna siddhAntoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara pratipAdana kiyA hai| nizcaya hI (1) zuddhanaya kA viSaya (jo prAsaMgika hai) nayapakSa se atikrAnta anubhAvya-samayasAra hai| (2) samasta zAstra tattva ke pratipAdaka haiM, ata: sabhI vyavahArarUpa haiN| (3) nizcayanaya paramArtha jJAnarUpa hai| yahI viSaya gAthA 13 meM isaprakAra kahA gayA hai ki zuddhanaya se jAnanA hI samayaktva hai| isa gAthA meM 'bhUdattho' yA 'bhUdattheNAbhigadA' meM kevala 'bhUtArtha' kahA gayA hai, 'abhUtArtha' kI bAta nahIM hai| 14vIM gAthA meM 'zuddhanaya' spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| yaha to eka sAmAnya-svAdhyAyI bhI samajhatA hai ki vyavahAra-nizcayanaya eka-dUsare ke pratikUla haiN| ata: yadi hama kaTAriyA jI kI yaha bAta mAna leM ki 'abhUdattho' ke sthAna para 'bhUdattho' honA cAhie, to hamArA yaha kahanA hai ki aisI kalpanA se 11vIM gAthA meM "vavahAro bhUdattho bhUdattho desido du suddhaNao" paMkti meM eka sAtha do bAra 'bhUdattho' kA prayoga karane para gAthA kI racanA vyartha ho jAtI hai| kyoMki yadi donoM naya bhUtArtha haiM, jaisAki kaTAriyA jI ne artha kiyA hai--"vyavahAra bhUtArtha hai aura zuddhanaya bhI bhUtArtha upadiSTa hai" - aisA kahane se donoM nayoM kA viSaya eka ho jAyegA, jo sambhava nahIM hai| AcArya kundakunda ne apanA niSkarSa 'samayapAhuDa' kI gAthA 414 meM yaha kahakara diyA hai ki vyavahAranaya muni, zrAvaka ke bheda se do prakAra ke liMgoM ko mokSamArga kahatA hai aura nizcayanaya kisI liMga ko mokSamArga nahIM kahatA hai| yathArtha meM nizcayanaya AtmAzrita hone kA kathana karatA hai aura vyavahAranaya parAzrita hone kA pratipAdaka hone se niSiddha' kahA gayA hai| parantu AcArya kundakunda kA bhAvArtha tathA prayojana samajhe binA zrI rUpacanda kaTAriyA ne aneka sthaloM para samayasAra' ke pATha tathA artha badalane kA du:sAhasapUrNa kArya kiyA hai| ise hI kahate haiM ki apane pairoM para kulhAr3I maarnaa| mUlagAthA hai evaM vavahAraNao paDisiddho jANa NicchayaNayeNa / _ NicchayaNayAsidA puNa maNiNo pAvaMti NivvANaM / / 272 / / . zrI kaTAriyA jI ke 'samayapAhuDa' meM yaha gAthA 300 hai, jisameM 'NicchayaNayeNa' ke sthAna para jAnabUjhakara NicchayaNaye Na' kA artha, isaprakAra nizcayanaya meM vyavahAranaya kA pratiSedha nahIM hai, kiyA gayA hai| parantu AcArya kundakunda ke vicAroM se yaha sarvathA viruddha hai| kyoMki AcArya kundakunda svayaM gAthA 26-27 meM kahate haiM ki vyavahAranaya to AtmA aura zarIra ko eka karatA hai aura nizcayanaya eka dravyasattva kA kathana karane se una donoM ko bhinna-bhinna karatA hai| yahI nahIM, gAthA 324 meM unakA kathana hai ki vyavahAranaya ke vacanoM se 'paradravya prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 10 11

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merA hai' --aisA jo mAnate haiM, ve ajJAnI haiM; kintu paramANumAtra bhI kucha merA nahIM hai' --aisA jJAnI jAnate haiN| vyavahAranaya kA prayojana spaSTa karane ke lie AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM ki "ye samasta adhyavasAnAdibhAva jIva ke haiM-- aisA jinavaradeva ne jo upadeza diyA hai, vaha vyavahAranaya kA mata hai (gAthA 46) vAstava meM jIva to eka bhAvarUpa hai, aneka bhAvoMvAlA kahanA vyavahAra hai|" kevala pATha aura artha hI nahIM badale gaye haiM, kintu aneka-sthaloM para zabdoM ke artha bhI galata kiye gaye haiN| jaiseki--darIsaNa' kA artha dikhAne ko' kiyA gayA hai, kintu vAstavika artha darzana, vicAradhArA yA mata hai| gAthA 27 meM yaha kahA gayA thA ki deha kI stuti kara lene para ajJAnI yaha mAnatA hai ki prabhu kI stuti ho gaI hai| kintu jo zarIra se sarvathAbhinna jJAnamAtra paramAtmA kA avalokanakara kahatA hai ki zarIra ke guNa kevalI-bhagavAn ke nahIM haiN|' ata: vaha stavana nizcayanaya meM upayukta nahIM hai| gAthA 29, jo prakRta 'samayapAhuDa' meM 34 hai, usameM taM Nicchaye Na jujjadi' ke sthAna para taM NicchayeNa jujjadi Na' pATha badala diyA gayA hai| isakA artha likhA hai--"jaba usa stuti ko nizcaya se jor3ate haiM, taba zarIra ke guNa kevalI ke nahIM hote haiN| jo (muni) kevalI ke guNoM kI stuti karatA hai, vaha vastuta: kevalI kI stuti karatA hai|" lekhaka kA artha kitanA bhrAmaka hai ki muni yadi guNa-stuti kare, to vaha stuti hai; anya vyakti guNa-kIrtana karatA hai, to vaha stuti nahIM hai| isaprakAra 'samayapAhuDa' kA bhraSTa rUpa dekhakara A~khoM meM A~sU bhara Ate haiN| mujhe yaha samajha meM nahIM AtA ki 'vyavahAra ko satyArtha' (apanI mithyA-kalpanA) mAnakara kaTAriyA jI isase kyA kArya siddha karanA cAhate haiM? AcArya kundakunda kA kathana to bahuta spaSTa hai ki abheda, akhaNDa vastu-svarUpa ke tattvajJAna se AtmA kA kalyANa, samyagdarzana hotA hai; kintu vyavahAra ko upAdeya mAnane se kyA lAbha honevAlA hai? ___samayapAhuDa' kI mUlabhASA meM vartanI bhI kahIM-kahIM azuddha hai| jaiseki "jo indie jiNittA" - (gAthA 36) meM 'iMdie' pATha honA caahie| isIprakAra gAthA 354 meM 'jANadi ya bandhamokkhaM' meM baMdhamokkhaM' likhanA caahiye| gAthA 228 "dhammAtthi adhammatthI AyAsaM suttamaMgapuvvesu" pATha galata mudrita huA hai, pUrI gAthA galata chapI hai| gAthA 229 meM 'jANago' ke sthAna para 'jANaso' chapA hai, jo galata hai| gAthA 231 kA bhI pATha galata hai| isaprakAra kI choTI-moTI aneka bhUloM se yaha saMskaraNa bharA par3A hai| zrI kaTAriyA jI kA yaha kathana unake hI zabdoM meM "isa gAthA kI chAyA ke anusAra aikAntika-artha karane ke kAraNa tathA mUlagAthA ke pratikUla hone se vivAdAspada rahA hai| AcArya jayasena ko bhI uparyukta abhUtArtha artha svIkArya nahIM thaa|" parantu AcArya jayasena ne gAthA 13 kahakara ukta gAthA ke viSaya meM likhA hai-"vavahAro vyavahAranaya: abhUdattho abhUtArtha: asatyArtho bhvti|" kitanA spaSTa hai| vAlA hai? 00 12 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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isIprakAra gAthA 15 "bhUdattheNAbhigadA jIvAjIvA ya puNNapAvaM ca -bhUdattheNa bhUtArthena nizcayanayena zuddhanayena abhigadA nirNItA nizcitA jnyaataa:|" 'mUlAcAra' pUrvArddha meM a0 5, gAthA 203 meM bhI yaha gAthA jyoM kI tyoM hai| usakA artha bhI mAtAjI ne yaha likhA hai--"satyArtharUpa se jAne gaye jIva, ajIva, puNya-pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa --ye hI samyaktva haiN|" "dvitIyavyAkhyAnena puna: vavahAro abhUdatyo vyavahAro'bhUtArtho bhUdatyo bhUtArthazca desido dezita: kathita: na kevalaM vyavahAro dezita: suddhaNao zuddhanizcayo'pi / " kahakara vyavahAranaya aura nizcayanaya ke sAmAnya cAra bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vAstava meM naya kA svarUpa tathA bheda-prabheda barAbara samajhanA caahiye| kahIM kI bAta kahIM jor3akara Agama kA isaprakAra se avarNavAda karanA kisI bhI prakAra ucita nahIM hai| bar3e nayacakra meM kahA gayA hai jo siyabheduvayAraM dhammANaM kuNadi ekavatthussa / so vavahAro bhaNido vivarIdo Nicchayo hodi / / 264 / / ___ jo eka vastu ke dharmoM meM kathaMcit-bheda kA upacAra karatA hai, use vyavahAranaya' kahate haiM ora usase viparIta nizcayanaya' hotA hai| siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ke zabdoM meM "jaise Agama meM vastusvarUpa ko jAnane ke liye dravyArthika aura paryAyArthikanaya haiM, vaise hI adhyAtma meM AtmA ko jAnane ke lie nizcaya aura vyavahAranaya haiN| 'dharmI' vastu aura usake 'dharma' bhinna-bhinna nahIM haiN| vastu to aneka dharmoM kA eka akhaNDa-piNDa hai| jo naya unameM bheda kA upacAra karatA hai, vaha vyavahAranaya hai aura jo aisA na karake vastu ko usake svAbhAvikarUpa meM grahaNa karatA hai, vaha nizcayanaya hai|" - (nayacakra, pR0 133) sabhI nayoM ke mUla meM do bheda haiM- nizcayanaya (dravyArthika) aura vyavahAranaya (paryAyArthika) (nayacakra, gAthA 182) / inake hI sAta naya (naigamAdika) aura tIna upanaya (sadbhUta, asadbhUta aura upacarita) kahe gaye haiN| dravyArthikanaya ke dasa bheda haiN| paryAyArthikanaya ke chaha bheda haiN| dravyArthikanaya ke tIna naya zuddhagrAhI hone se bhUtArtha haiN| ve tIna haiMkarmopAdhi-nirapekSa, sattAgrAhaka aura paramabhAvagrAhI dravyArthikanaya / zeSa naya vyavahAra se kahe gaye haiN| ata: unako 'bhUtArtha' nahIM kahA gayA hai| sabhI nayacakroM meM jo bheda aura upacAra se vastu vyavahAra karatA hai, vaha 'vyavahAranaya' kahA gayA hai| 'samayasAra' kI gAthA 11 kA bhAvArtha likhate huye paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI kahate haiM - "Azaya yaha hai ki bhUtArtha kahate haiMsatyArtha ko| 'bhUta' arthAt 'padArtha meM rahanevAlA', 'artha' arthAt 'bhAva', use jo prakAzita karatA hai, vaha bhUtArtha hai, satyavAdI hai| bhUtArthanaya hI hameM yaha batalAtA hai ki jIva aura karma kA anAdikAla se ekakSetrAvagAharUpa sambandha hai|" sahI bAta yaha hai ki kaTAriyA jI vyAmohapUrvaka vyavahAra kA pakSa siramaura siddha karanA cAhate haiM, kintu unakI pravRtti meM samyak-vyavahAra nahIM hai| kyoMki asat-kalpanAoM kI prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 10 13

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nivRtti ke lie aura ratnatraya kI siddhi ke liye 'vyavahAra' Avazyaka hai| unhoMne vyavahAra kA (cAritra kA nAma lekara) bhrAntimAna pakSa lekara 'samayasAra' ke mUlarUpa ko bhraSTa tathA vikRta karane kA du:sAhasa pUrNa prayatna kiyA hai| unakA yaha kahanA bhI yathArtha se pare hai ki prAkRta-sAhitya meM pUrvarUpa kA prayoga nahIM hotaa| vaise yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki sabhI racanAoM meM pUrvarUpa kA prayoga niyamata: milatA ho| kintu itanA nizcita hai ki 'o' ke pazcAdvartI 'a' kA uccAraNa isva hotA hai| sambhavata: usake lie hI jahA~ Avazyaka hotA hai, vahA~ pUrvarUpa ke liye 'avagraha' ('a' ke liye ') kA prayoga hotA hai| jaiseki AgAsameva rittaM avagAhaNalakkhaNaM jado bhnnidN| sesANi puNo'khittaM avgaahnnlkkhnnaabhaavaa|| -(vasunandi zrAvakAcAra 31) eka AkAzadravya hI kSetravAn hai, kyoMki usakA 'avagAhana' lakSaNa kahA gayA hai| zeSa pA~ca dravya kSetravAn nahIM haiM, kyoMki unameM 'avagAhana' lakSaNa nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| yahA~ para yadi avagraha kA prayoga na ho, to artha kA anartha ho jaayegaa| isIprakAra Nissesakammamokkho maoNkkho jiNasAsaNe smuddittttho| tamhi kade jIvo'yaM aNahavadi aNaMtayaM saoNkkhaM / / 45 / / yahA~ 'avagraha' kA cihna (5) lagAnA nitAnta Avazyaka hai-- bhASA, chanda tathA artha kI spaSTatA ke liye| gAthA saMkhyA 2 meM kahA gayA hai--'sAyAro NAyAro' yahA~ para bhI ''NAyAro' (anagAra, jo sAgAra se viparItArthaka hai) honA caahiye| ___ gAthA-saMkhyA 300 meM spaSTata: 'puTTho vA'puTTho vA' kahA gayA hai| yadi isameM avagraha nahIM lagA hotA, to artha spaSTa nahIM hotaa| anya granthoM se bhI aise prayoga liye jA sakate haiN| gAthA 299 meM Agata 'eNkkaTThameva' zabda kA artha 'ekastha' kiyA gayA hai, jo galata hai| isakI chAyA 'ekArthameva' tathA zabdArtha 'ekArthaka' hai| gAthA isaprakAra hai buddhI vavasAo vi ya ajjhavasANaM madI ya vinnnnaannN| eNkkaTThameva savvaM cittaM bhAvo ya prinnaamo|| 271 / / kaTAriyA jI ne isa gAthA ko isataraha likhA hai buddhi vavasAo vi ya ajjhavasANaM madI ya viNNANaM / ekaTThameva savvaM cittaM bhAvo ya prinnaamo|| 272 / / isa eka gAthA ko likhane meM unhoMne tIna bhUleM kI haiN| aisI gAthAoM ko par3hane se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kaTAriyAjI ko prAkRta kA ka, kha, ga, gha bhI nahIM AtA hai| prAkRta meM 'eka' zabda ke liye eNkka', 'buddhi' ke liye 'buddhI' aura 'pi' yA 'api' ke liye vi' zabdarUpa 00 14 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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banate haiN| ukta tInoM saMskRtaniSTha zabdarUpa haiM / prAkRta kA eka sAmAnya-vidyArthI bhI yaha samajhatA hai ki kartA-kAraka ekavacana meM saMskRta kA 'sAdhu', bhikSu', mati', 'kati', 'buddhi' Adi zabdoM meM antima hasva-svara dIrgha ho jAtA hai| ata: sAhU, bhikkhU, madI, kadI, buddhI Adi zabdarUpa samyak haiN| pUrI pustaka ko par3hane se aisA anubhava hotA hai ki kaTAriyA jI ne eka bAra bhI sampUrNa 'samayapAhuDa' grantha nahIM par3hA hai; anyathA yaha kathana nahIM karate aura AcArya amRtacandra ke Upara kopa-varSA nahIM krte| unake hI zabdoM meM "hamArI dRSTi meM AcArya amRtacandra ne usa ukti ko AtmasAt karate hue 'brahma' ke sthAna para AtmA tathA vyavahAra ko lokavyavahArarUpa 'mAyA' mAnate hue mithyA prarUpita kiyA ho tathA zaMkarAcArya kA jo 'adhyAsa' mithyA hai, usI kA anusaraNa karate hue vyavahAranaya ko mithyA nirUpita kara diyaa| --yaha kitanA hAsyAspada kathana hai| samajha kI balihArI hai| unako yaha patA nahIM hai ki AcArya amRtacandra ne zaMkarAcArya ke nahIM, AcArya kundakunda ke anusAra 'adhyavasAna' kI mImAMsA kI hai| 'samayapAhuDa' meM gAthA saM0 218, 280, 284, 285, 287,289,296, 297,299 meM 'adhyavasAna' kI vizada-vyAkhyA svayaM AcArya kundakunda ne kI hai| ___paM0 padmacandra zAstrI ke do zabda' par3hakara yaha spaSTa ho gayA hai ki 'samayAra' ko vivAda ke ghere meM lAkara ve sadA apanA svArtha siddha karate rahe haiN| vavahAro'bhUyattho' ko ve saMskRta ke vyAkaraNa-sUtra ke AdhAra para yaha kahakara 'bhUyattho' siddha karanA cAhate haiM ki prAkRta meM avagraha nahIM hotaa| jinako 'samaya' zabda kA vAstavika artha nahIM patA hai, ve usakA artha 'Agama' hI karate raheMge; kyoMki 'samaya' ke aneka artha hote haiN| aise meM mUla-lekhaka ne kisa artha meM usa zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, yaha nizcaya karanA hogaa| AcArya kundakunda ne 'samayo khalu Nimmalo appA' arthAt 'samaya' kA artha 'nirmala AtmA' kiyA hai| isIprakAra 'zuddha' kA artha kahA hai Na vi hodi appamatto Na pamatto jANago d jo bhAvo / evaM bhaNaMti suddho NAdo jo so du so cev|| 6 / / -(samayasAra, gAthA 6) 'jJAyakabhAva' isI artha meM 'zuddha' ko grahaNa kiyA jAnA caahiye| kintu paM0 padmacandra zAstrI apanI vidvattA kI zekhI meM mithyA-kalpanA se likha rahe haiM--"hamArI dRSTi se 'zuddhaM prati nayatIti zuddhanayaH' aisA artha pratIta hotA hai aura samayapAhuDakartA ko bhI yahI artha iSTa rahA hai|" ____ paNDita jI ! abhI taka Apane muniyoM ke prati tIra calAye the| aba ina kalpanAoM ke tIra prAcIna AcAryoM ke prati bhI isa avasthA meM calA rahe haiN| kyA yahI vidvattA hai? jo prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 15

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apanI kalpanA se kisI bhI taraha se 'vyavahAra' ko zuddha karAra dene ke pakSadhara bana rahe ho / yadi vyavahAra ko vyavahAra kI paddhati meM kucha kahate, to bhI hama mAna lete; lekina jahA~ paramArtha kA prakaraNa ho, zuddhAtmA kI bAta kahI jA rahI ho, vahA~ paramArtha kI dRSTi meM 'vyavahAra' heya hI hai-- yaha AcArya aura kundakunda evaM AcArya amRtacandra kA prAmANika-nirNaya hai / ise phira se samajhane kA prayatna kIjiye / AcArya kundakunda ne jisa 'tathya' va 'satya' ko prakaTa kiyA hai, vaha vAstava meM jinavaradeva kI vANI hai| usake bIca hameM apanI kalpanA yA vicAra milAne kA koI maulika-adhikAra nahIM hai / vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye mAilladhavala - viracita 'Nayacakko' ( nayacakra), jisakA sampAdana va anuvAda siddhAntAcArya paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ne kiyA hai, usakA punarmudraNa bhAratIya jJAnapITha se huA hai, avazya paThanIya hai| anta meM hama isa lekha ke dvArA 'vIrasevA mandira' ke padAdhikAriyoM se hAtha jor3akara nivedana karanA cAhate haiM ki 'anekAnta' patrikA aura 'vIrasevA mandira' ke dazaka pUrva ke prakAzanoM se samAja meM jo pratiSThA va garimA bar3hAI thI, Aja vahI jinazAsana ko malina karanevAlI bana gaI hai| ata: yadi Apa usako pUrvavat rakhanA cAhate haiM, to aise prakAzanoM para turanta pratibandha lagAkAra vidvAnoM kI samiti banA leM, aura unase saMstuti prApta hone para hI bhaviSya meM koI prakAzana kreN| maiM AzA karatA hU~ ki samAja kA bauddhika varga avilamba Agama- badalane ke upakrama para pratibandha lagAne kA pUrNa- prayatna kareM, tAki avaziSTa Agama ko bhraSTakara naSTa hone se bacAyA jA ske| madhyamikA ke nArAyaNa-vATaka se prApta lekha kI naI vyAkhyA purAtattva aura sAhitya - - donoM ke pramANoM se vidita hotA hai ki vikrama se pUrva kI kaI zatAbdiyoM meM mathurA bhAgavata dharma kA prabala kendra thA / vahA~ se usake dhArmika Andolana kI taraMgeM cAroM dizAoM meM vyApta ho rahI thIM / pazcima kI ora rAjasthAna meM bhAgavata dharma kA yaha vistAra jisa sthAna meM huA, vaha ar3AvalA parvatazreNI ke dakSiNa-pUrva meM madhyamikA nAma kI rAjadhAnI thii| vaha pradeza usa samaya 'zibi' janapada kahalAtA thA / prAcIna 'madhyamikA' kA nAma 'mahAbhASya' meM AyA hai aura pataMjali ne usake viSaya meM likhA hai ki " yavanoM ne pUrva meM sAketa aura pazcima meM 'madhyamikA' para abhiyAna karake usakA gherA DAlA thA / saubhAgya se cittaur3a se lagabhaga 8 mIla dUra para prAcIna madhyamikA ke kha~Dahara mila gaye haiM / " 00 16 ** -- (jainalekha vIra-nirvANa-saMvat 84 ) - prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001

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dakSiNa bhArata meM samrAT candragupta se pUrva bhI jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra thA ___-DaoN0 sudIpa jaina susaMgaThita bhAratavarSa kI nIMva-sthApanA karanevAle aitihAsika samrATa candragupta maurya kA nAma sarvopari hai| unhoMne bhAratavarSa ko videzI AkrAntAoM se surakSita hI nahIM kiyA thA, apitu apane bala evaM pauruSa se unheM bhArata ko vijita karane kI kalpanA karane taka se vaMcita kara diyA thaa| Arthika, rAjanItika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika-unnati ke zIrSa para bhArata ko pratiSThita karanevAle isa mahAnatama samrATa ko jainasamrATa' ke rUpa meM bahuta kama loga jAnate haiN| jina kinhIM Adhunika itihAsavidoM ko isakA jJAna bhI thA, unhoMne jAti-vyAmoha ke pUrvAgraha meM isa tathya ko yA to udghATita hI nahIM kiyA; aura yadi kiyA bhI, to samrATa candragupta ko 'murA' nAma kI dAsI se utpanna yA 'nAmitaputra' jaise nikRSTa kalpanAoM se kaluSita karane kA prayatna kiyaa| ___ tathyoM kI upekSA karane, pUrvAgraha ke kAraNa satya ko na svIkArane yA usakA ullekha na karane, kalpita bAtoM se aitihAsika tathyoM ko vikRtarUpa meM prastuta karane kA prayAsa bhAratIya itihAsa ke lekhakoM ne bharapUra kiyA hai| Adhunika-kAla meM bar3hI isa pravRtti kI prAcInakAla meM chAyA taka dikhAI nahIM detI hai| isIkAraNa Adhunika itihAsa kI pustakoM meM jainaparamparA ke mahApuruSoM ke vyaktitva, jIvana evaM yogadAna ke bAre meM tathyaparaka yathArtha-vivaraNa anupalabdha hai| __ prastuta-prakaraNa meM yahA~ samrATa candragupta maurya kA saMkSipta paricaya prathamata: prastuta karanA cAhatA huuN| vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA hai ki IsApUrva chaThavIM zatAbdI meM maurya-loga 'pippalIvana' meM svAdhInabhAva se base hue the| bauddhagraMthoM meM maurya' vaMza ko 'kSatriya' kahA gayA hai "moriyA nAma khattiyA vaMzajAta / isI yazasvI kSatriya mauryavaMza' meM candragupta nAmaka zubhalakSaNoM vAle yazasvI bAlaka kA janma huA, jo ki mahAmati Arya cANakya kA pAvana sAnnidhya evaM prAtibha saMsparza pAkara prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 17

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anupama aitihAsika samrAT bnaa| vaidika-graMthoM meM usakI prazasti meM yazogItiyA~ nimnAnusAra prApta hotI haiM 'nava nandAn dvija: kazcit prpnnaanuddhrissyti| teSAmabhAve jagatIM mauryA bhokSayanti vai klau|| sa eva candragupta vai dvijo rAjye'bhiSekSyati / tatsuto vArisArastu tatazcAzokavardhana: / / 2 artha :- abhimAnI nava nandoM kA koI brAhmaNa uddhAra karegA (arthAt unake mAna ko vigalita karegA), unake na rahane para isa bhAratabhUmi kA bhoga mauryavaMzI-samrAT kreNge| unameM samrAT candragupta ko vaha brAhmaNa (cANakya) abhiSikta kregaa| usakA (candragupta kA) putra vArisAra (biMdusAra) hogA aura usakA (biMdusAra kA) putra azokavardhana (samrATa azoka) hogaa| isI bAta kI puSTi isa padya meM bhI prApta hotI hai "anugaMgA prayAgaM ca sAketaM mhaadhaaNstthaa| ___etAn janapadAn sarvAn bhokSyante guptavaMzajA: / / " artha :- gaMgA ke kinAre se lekara prayAga, sAketa, magadha Adi ina sabhI janapadoM kA gupta (samrATa candragupta) ke vaMzaja upabhoga kreNge| ye sabhI jaina-saMskAroM se anuprANita the| samrATa azoka ko kaI loga mAMsAhArI kahane kA sAhasa karate haiM, kiMtu ve yaha nahIM jAnate ki vyaktigatarUpa se to azoka pyAja taka nahIM khAtA thaa| 'divyAvadAna' nAmaka graMtha meM likhA hai "devi ! ahaM kSatriya:, kathaM palAND paribhakSayAmi?" artha :- he devI ! maiM kSatriya hU~, maiM pyAja kA bhakSaNa kaise kara sakatA hU~? dhyAtavya hai ki jaina-paramparA meM lahasuna-pyAja Adi padArthoM kA jamIkaMda hone se tyAga vihita hai| jaina paramparA meM yaha spaSTa ullekha milatA hai ki candragupta jainadharmAyuyAyI thA, tathA na kevala vaha jainasamrAT thA, apitu use nirgrantha-jaina-muni kI dIkSA bhI aMgIkAra kI thI aura mukuTadhArI rAjAoM meM vaha antima-samrAT thA, jisane nirgrantha-jainadIkSA aMgIkAra kI thI 'mauDadharesuM carimo, jiNadikkhaM dharadi caMdagutto y| tatto mauDadharA du pavvajjaM va geNhaMti / / artha :- mukuTadhArI rAjAoM meM antima rAjA candragupta ne jinendra-dIkSA (jainadIkSA) dhAraNa kii| isake pazcAt mukuTadhArI pravrajyA ko grahaNa nahIM kreNge| samrAT candragupta maurya ke viSaya meM suprasiddha itihAsajJa vidvAn DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina ne apanI kRti 'pramukha aitihAsika jaina puruSa aura mahilAyeM' meM vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| 00 18 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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usake kucha aMza unhIM ke zabdoM meM yahA~ prastuta haiM___"Adhunika-dRSTi se bhAratavarSa ke zuddha vyavasthita rAjanItika itihAsa kA jo prAcInayuga hai, usake prakAzamAna nakSatroM meM prAya: sarvAdhika tejapUrNa-nAma candragupta' aura 'cANakya' haiN| IsA pUrva cauthI zatAbdI ke antimapAda ke prArambha ke lagabhaga jisa mahAn rAjyakrAnti ne zaktizAlI 'nandavaMza' kA uccheda karake usake sthAna meM mauryavaMza' kI sthApanA kI thI, aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa thor3e hI samaya meM 'magadha-sAmrAjya' ko prathama aitihAsika bhAratIya sAmrAjya banAkara apane caramotkarSa para pahu~cA diyA thA, usake pradhAna-nAyaka ye hI donoM guru-ziSya the| eka yadi rAjanIti vidyA-vicakSaNa evaM nIti-vizArada brAhmaNa-paNDita thA to dUsarA parama parAkramI evaM tejasvI kSatriya-vIra thaa| isa virala maNi-kAMcana saMyoga ko sugandhita karanevAlA anya durlabha-suyoga yaha thA ki vaha donoM hI apane-apane kula kI paramparA tathA vyaktigata AsthA kI dRSTi se jainadharma ke prabuddha-anuyAyI the| gata sArthaka eka sau varSoM kI zodha-khoja ne yaha tathya bhI prAya: nirvivAda siddha kara diyA hai ki bhAratavarSa ke prAya: sabhI mahAn aitihAsika samrAToM kI bhA~ti sarva-dharma-sahiSNu evaM atiudArAzaya hote hae bhI vyaktigatarUpa se candragupta maurya jainadharma kA anuyAyI' thaa| tarAIpradeza ke sAmrAjya ke hI bhItara 'pippalIvana' ke moriyoM kA gaNatantra thaa| yaha loga zramaNopAsaka vrAtya-kSatriya the| svayaM mahAvIra ke eka gaNadhara moriyaputra' isI jAti ke the aura isa jAti meM jainadharma kI pravRtti thii| inakA eka pUrA grAma mayUrapoSakoM kA hI thaa| ghUmate-ghUmate cANakya eka bAra isI grAma meM A pahu~cA aura usake mauryavaMzI mayahara (mukhiyA) ke ghara tthhraa| mukhiyA kI ikalautI lADalI putrI garbhavatI thI aura usIsamaya use candrapAna kA vilakSaNa dohalA' utpanna huA, jisake kAraNa ghara ke loga cintita the| kisI kI samajha meM nahIM A rahA thA ki dohalA kaise zAnta kiyA jaae| cANakya ne AzvAsana diyA ki vaha garbhiNI ko candrapAna karAke usakA dohalA zAMta kara degA, kintu zarta yaha hai ki utpanna honevAle zizu para, yadi vaha putra huA to, cANakya kA adhikAra hogA aura vaha jaba cAhegA, use apane sAtha le jaaegaa| cANakya ne eka thAlI meM jala (athavA kSIra-dUdha) bharakara aura usameM AkAzagAmI pUrNacandra ko pratibimbita karake garbhiNI ko isa caturAI se pilA diyA ki use vizvAsa ho gayA ki usane candrapAna kara liyA hai| dohalA zAMta ho gyaa| kucha mAsa pazcAt mukhiyA kI putrI ne eka candropama sudarzana, sulakSaNa evaM tejasvI putra ko janma diyaa| jo candragupta' nAma se prasiddha huaa| ___ ATha-dasa varSa pazcAt puna: cANakya usI mayUragrAma meM akasmAt A niklaa| vaha grAma ke bAhara thakAna miTAne ke lie eka vRkSa kI chAyA meM baiTha gayA aura usane dekhA ki sAmane maidAna meM kucha bAlaka khela rahe haiN| eka sundara, capala, tejasvI bAlaka rAjA banA huA thA aura anya saba para zAsana kara rahA thaa| samIpa jAkara dhyAna se dekhA to use usa bAlaka prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 19

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meM sAmudrika-zAstra ke anusAra eka cakravartI samrAT ke sabha lakSaNa dIkha pdd'e| bAlakoM ne jaba use batAyA ki vaha grAma-mayahara moriya kA dauhitra hai, nAma candragupta hai, to cANakya ko yaha samajhane meM dera na lagI ki 'yaha vahI bAlaka hai, jisakI mAtA kA dohalA usane yukti se zAMta kiyA thaa|' vaha atyaMta prasanna huA aura bAlaka ke abhibhAvakoM se milakara, unheM unake vacana kA smaraNa karAke bAlaka ko apane sAtha lekara usa sthAna se calA gyaa| ____ kaI varSa taka usane candragupta ko vividha astra-zastroM ke saMcAlana, yuddha-vidyA, rAjanIti tathA anya upayogI jJAna-vijJAna evaM zAstroM kI samucita zikSA dii| dhIre-dhIre usake lie bahuta se yuvaka aura sAthI bhI juTA diye| I0pU0 326 meM bhAratabhUmi para jaba yUnAnI samrATa sikandara mahAn ne AkramaNa kiyA, to use svadeza-bhakta cANakya kA hRdaya bahuta du:khI huA, kintu usane ziSya candragupta ko salAha dI ki vaha yUnAniyoM kI sainika-paddhati, sainya-saMcAlana aura yuddha-kauzala kA unake bIca kucha dinoM rahakara pratyakSa-anubhava prApta kre| sikandara ke sasainya deza kI sImAnta ke bAhara nikalate hI candragupta ne paMjAba ke vAlIkoM ko ubhAr3akara yUnAnI-sattA ke viruddha vidroha kara diyA, yUnAniyoM dvArA adhikRta pradeza ke bahubhAga ko svatantra kara liyA, aura I0pU0 323 ke lagabhaga cANakya ke patha-pradarzana meM magadha-rAjya kI sImA para apanA eka choTA-sA svatantra-rAjya sthApita karane meM bhI saphala ho gyaa| ___I0pU0 321 ke lagabhaga candragupta aura cANakya ne eka choTe-se sainyadala ke sAtha . chadmaveSa meM nandoM kI rAjadhAnI 'pATaliputra' meM praveza kiyA aura durga para AkramaNa kara diyaa| cANakya ke kUTa-kauzala ke bAvajUda nandoM kI asIma-sainyazakti ke sammukha ye burI taraha parAjita hue aura jaise-taise prANa bacAkara bhAga nikle| nanda kI senA ne inakA dUra taka pIchA kiyaa| do bAra ye pakar3e jAne se bAla-bAla bce| cANakya kI turata-buddhi aura candragupta ke sAhasa tathA guru ke prati aTUTa-vizvAsa ne hI inakI rakSA kii| eka dina rAtri ke samaya kisI gA~va meM eka vRddhA ke jhoMpar3e ke bAhara khar3e hue ina donoM ne usa vRddhA dvArA apane putroM ko DA~Tane ke prasaMga meM yaha kahate sunA ki "cANakya adhIra evaM mUrkha hai| usane sImAvartI prAntoM ko hastagata kiye binA hI ekadama sAmrAjya ke kendra para dhAvA bolakara bhArI bhUla kI hai|" cANakya ko apanI bhUla mAlUma ho gayI, aura una donoM ne aba navIna-utsAha evaM kauzala ke sAtha taiyArI Arambha kara dii| vindhya-aTavI meM pUrva-saMcita apane vipula-dhana kI sahAyatA se unhoMne sudRr3ha sainya-saMgraha karanA zurU kara diyaa| pazcimottara-pradeza ke yavana, kAmboja, pArasIka, khasa Adi tathA anya sImAntoM kI pulAta, zabara Adi mlecchajAtiyoM kI bhI eka balavAn senA bnaayii| vAhnIka unake adhIna the hI, paMjAba ke malla (mAlava) gaNatantra ko bhI apanA sahAyaka banAyA aura himavatakUTa' athavA 'gokarNa' (nepAla) ke kirAta vaMza ke gyArahaveM rAjA paMcama' upanAma 'parvata' yA 'parvatezvara' ko bhI vijita 00 20 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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sAmrAjya kA AdhA bhAga de dene kA pralobhana dekara apanI ora milA liyaa| aba candragupta aura cANakya ne nanda-sAmrAjya ke sImAvartI-pradezoM para adhikAra karanA zurU kiyaa| eka ke pazcAt eka grAma, nagara, durga aura gar3ha chala-bala-kauzala se jaise bhI banA, ve hastagata karate cle| vijita-pradezoM evaM sthAnoM ko susaMgaThita evaM vyavasthita karate hue tathA apanI zakti meM uttarottara-vRddhi karate hue antata: ve rAjadhAnI 'pATaliputra' taka jA phuNce| __ nagara kA gherA DAla diyA gayA aura usa para anavarata bhISaNa-AkramaNa kiye gaye, candragupta ke parAkrama, raNakauzala evaM sainya-saMcAlana-paTutA, cANakya kI kUTanIti evaM sadaiva sajaga gRddha-dRSTi tathA parvata kI dussAhasapUrNa barbara yuddhapriyatA, tInoM kA saMyoga thaa| nanda bhI vIratA ke sAtha DaTakara lar3e, kintu eka-eka karake sabhI nandakumAra lar3ate-lar3ate vIragati ko prApta hue| antata: vRddha-mahArAja 'mahApadmananda' ne hatAza hokara dharmadvAra ke nikaTa hathiyAra DAla diye aura AtmasamarpaNa kara diyaa| vRddha nanda ne cANakya ko dharma kI duhAI dekara yAcanA kI ki use saparivAra surakSita anyatra calA jAne diyA jaae| cANakya kI abhISTa-siddhi ho cukI thii| usakI bhISaNapratijJA kI lagabhaga pacIsa-varSa ke athaka prayatna ke uparAnta prAya: pUrti ho cukI thI aura vaha kSamA kA mahattva bhI jAnatA thA, ataeva usane nandarAja ko saparivAra nagara evaM rAjya kA parityAga karake anyatra cale jAne kI anumati udAratApUrvaka pradAna kara dI aura yaha bhI kaha diyA ki "jisa ratha meM vaha jAe, usameM jitanA dhana vaha apane sAtha le jA sake, vaha bhI le jaae|" kintu jaise hI nanda kA ratha calane kA huA nanda-sutA 'durdharA' aparanAma 'suprabhA' ne zatru-sainya ke netA vijayI-vIra candragupta ke sudarzanarUpa ko jo dekhA, to prathamadRSTi meM hI vaha usa para mohita ho gayI aura premAkula-dRSTi se puna:-puna: usakI ora dekhane lgii| idhara candragupta kI vahI dazA huI aura vaha bhI apanI dRSTi usa rUpasI rAjanandinI kI ora se na haTA skaa| ina donoM kI dazA ko lakSya karake nandarAja aura cANakya donoM ne hI unake svayaMvarita-pariNaya kI saharSa-svIkRti de dii| tatkAla sundarI 'suprabhA' pitA ke ratha se kUdakara candragupta ke ratha para jA cddh'ii| kintu isa ratha para usakA paga par3ate hI usake pahiye ke nau Are tar3Aka se TUTa gaye (Nava aragA bhggaa)| sabane socA ki yaha amaMgala-sUcaka apazakuna hai, kintu samasta vidyAoM meM pAraMgata cANakya ne unheM samajhAyA ki 'bhaya kI koI bAta nahIM hai, yaha to eka zubha-zakuna hai aura isakA artha hai ki isa nava-dampatI kI santati nau pIr3hI taka rAjyabhoga kregii|' __ aba vIra candragupta maurya nandaduhitA rAjarAnI suprabhA ko 'agramahiSI' banAkara magadha ke rAjya-siMhAsana para AsIna huA aura nandoM ke dhana-janapUrNa vizAla evaM zaktizAlI sAmrAjya kA adhipati huaa| isaprakAra I0pU0 317 meM pATaliputra meM nandavaMza kA patana aura usake sthAna meM mauryavaMza kI sthApanA huii| candragupta ko 'samrATa' ghoSita karane ke pUrva prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 21

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cANakya ne nanda ke svAmibhakta-mantrI rAkSasa ke SaDyantroM ko viphala kiyA aura use candragupta kI sevA meM kArya karane ke lie rAjI kara liyaa| anya purAne yogya-mantriyoM, rAjapuruSoM evaM karmacAriyoM ko bhI usane sAma-dAma-bhaya-bheda se navIna-samrATa ke pakSa meM kara liyaa| vaha svayaM mahArAja kA pradhAnAmAtya rhaa| mantrIzvara cANakya ke sahayoga se samrATa candragupta maurya ne sAmrAjya kA vistAra evaM susaMgaThana kiyA aura usake prazAsana kI sucAruvyavasthA kii| isa nareza ke zAsanakAla meM rASTra kI zakti aura samRddhi kI uttarottara-vRddhi hotI gyii| I0pU0 312 meM usane 'avanti' ko vijaya karake ujjayinI' ko phira se sAmrAjya kI uparAjadhAnI bnaayaa| ujjayinI' para adhikAra karane ke pazcAt candragupta ne dakSiNa-bhArata kI digvijaya ke lie prayAsa kiyaa| 'mAlavA' se surASTra hote hue usane 'mahArASTra' meM praveza kiyaa| 'surASTra' meM usane girinagara' (ujayanta-giri) meM bhagavAn neminAtha kI vandanA kI aura parvata kI talahaTI meM 'sudarzana' nAmaka eka vizAla-sarovara kA usa prAnta ke apane rAjyapAla vaizya puSpagupta kI dekha-rekha meM nirmANa kraayaa| ukta sudarzana-sarovara ke taTa para nirgranthamuniyoM ke nivAsa ke lie guphAyeM (leNa) bhI banavAyIM, jinameM se pradhAna-leNa candraguphA' ke nAma se prasiddha huii| mahArASTra, koMkaNa, karNATaka, Andhra evaM tamiladeza-paryanta candragupta maurya ne apanI vijaya-vaijayantI phhraayii| prAcIna tamila-sAhitya, dAkSiNAtya anuzrutiyoM evaM katipaya zilAlekhoM se mauryoM kA ukta dakSiNIya-pradezoM para adhikAra honA pAyA jAtA hai| dakSiNa-deza kI isa vijaya-yAtrA meM eka anya preraka-kAraNa bhI thaa| candragupta kA nijI-kula 'moriya' AcArya bhadrabAhu-zrutakevalI kA bhakta thaa| pUrvokta duSkAla ke samaya ina AcArya ke sasaMgha dakSiNa-deza ko vihAra kara jAne para bhI ve loga unhIM kA AmnAya ke anuyAyI rahe aura magadha meM raha jAnevAle sthUlibhadra Adi sAdhuoM tathA unakI paramparA ko unhoMne mAnya nahIM kiyaa| candragupta, cANakya Adi isI AmnAya ke the| ataeva AmnAya-guru bhadrabAhu ne karNATaka-deza ke jisa 'kaTavapra' aparanAma 'kumArIparvata' para samAdhimaraNapUrvaka dehatyAga kiyA thA, puNya-tIrtha ke rUpa meM usakI vandanA karanA tathA ukta AcArya kI ziSya-paramparA ke muniyoM se dharma-lAbha lenA aura unakI sAtA-suvidhA Adi kI vyavasthA karanA aise kAraNa the, jo samrATa kI isa dakSiNa-yAtrA meM preraka rahe pratIta hote haiN| ___ candragupta maurya ke zAsanakAla kI eka anya ati-mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA I0pU0 305 meM madhya-eziyA ke mahAzaktizAlI yUnAnI samrAT selyUkasa niketara dvArA bhAratavarSa para kiyA gayA bhArI-AkramaNa thaa| candragupta-jaise narendra aura cANakya jaise mantrIrAja asAvadhAna kaise raha sakate the? unakA guptacara-vibhAga bhI supuSTa thaa| maurya-senA ne turanta Age bar3hakara AkramaNakArI kI gati ko rokaa| svayaM samrATa candragupta ne sainya-saMcAlana kiyaa| vaha 00 22 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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yUnAniyoM kI yuddha-praNAlI se bhalIbhA~ti paricita thA, unake guNoM ko bhI jAnatA thA aura doSoM ko bhii| pariNAmasvarUpa yUnAnI senA burItaraha parAjita huI aura svayaM samrAT selyukasa bandI huaa| usakI yAcanA para maurya-samrAT se sandhi kara lI, jisake anusAra sampUrNa paMjAba aura sindha para hI nahIM, varan kAbula, hirAta, kandahAra, bilocistAna, kamboja (badakhzA~) aura pAmIra para maurya-samrATa kA adhikAra ho gayA aura bhArata ke bhaugolika-sImAntoM se bhI yUnAnI sattA tirohita ho gyii| isaprakAra samrATa candragupta maurya ne apane parAkrama evaM rAjanItika sUjha-bUjha se apanI svabhAva-siddha prAkRtika-sImAoM se baddha prAya: sampUrNa bhArata mahAdeza para apanA ekachatraAdhipatya sthApita kara liyaa| itanI pUrNatA ke sAtha samagra bhAratavarSa para Aja paryanta sambhavatayA anya kisI samrAT yA ekarAT rAjyasattA kA, mugaloM aura aMgrejoM kA bhI adhikAra nahIM huaa| ___ isI yuddha ke pariNAmasvarUpa yavanarAja kA megasthanIz2a nAmaka yUnAnI rAjadUta pATaliputra kI rAjasabhA meM I0pU0 303 meM AyA, kucha samaya yahA~ rahA, aura usane maurya-sAmrAjya kA vividha-vivaraNa likhA, jo ki bhArata ke tatkAlIna itihAsa kA bahumUlya-sAdhana bnaa| usane bhAratavarSa ke bhUgola, rAjanItika vibhAgoM, prAcIna anuzrutiyoM, dhArmika vizvAsoM evaM rItirivAjoM, janatA ke ucca-caritra evaM ImAnadArI, rAjadhAnI kI sundaratA, surakSA evaM sudRr3hatA, samrATa kI dinacaryA evaM vaiyaktika-caritra, usakI nyAyapriyatA, rAjanItikapaTutA aura prazAsanakuzalatA, vizAla caturaMgiNI senA, jisameM cAra lAkha vIra sainika, nau hajAra hAthI tathA sahasroM azva, ratha Adi the aura jisakA anuzAsana atyuttama thA, prajA ke dArzanika (yA paNDita), zilpI, vyavasAyI evaM vyApArI, vyAdha evaM pazupAlaka, sipAhI, rAjyakarmacArI, guptacara va nirIkSaka, mantrI evaM amAtya Adi, sAta vargoM kA, senA ke vibhinna vibhAgoM kA, rAjadhAnI evaM anya mahAnagariyoM ke nAgarika-prazAsana ke lie chaha vibhinna samitiyoM kA, ityAdi aneka upayogI-bAtoM kA varNana kiyA hai| use yaha dekhakara Azcarya huA thA ki bhAratavarSa meM dAsa-prathA kA abhAva hai| usane yaha bhI likhA hai ki bhAratavAsI lekhanakalA kA vizeSa Azraya nahIM lete aura apane dharmazAstroM, anuzrutiyoM tathA anya dainika-kAryoM meM bhI adhikatara maukhika-paramparA evaM smRti para hI nirbhara rahate haiN| prajA kI janma-mRtyu gaNanA kA vivaraNa, videziyoM ke gamanAgamana kI jAnakArI, nApa-taula evaM bAjAra kA niyantraNa, atithizAlAyeM, dharmazAlAyeM, rAjapatheM Adi kA saMrakSaNa sabhI kI uttama-vyavasthA thii| deza kA dezI evaM videzI vyApAra bahuta unnata thA, bar3e-bar3e seTha aura sArthavAha the, nAnA prakAra ke udyoga-dhandhe the, rAjA aura prajA donoM hI atyanta dhana-vaibhava sampanna the, vidvAnoM kA deza meM Adara thaa| svayaM samrATa zramaNoM evaM brAhmaNoM ko rAja-prAsAda meM Amantrita karake athavA usake pAsa jAkara Avazyaka parAmarza lete the| kauTilya ke 'arthazAstra' meM sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke rUpa meM cakravartI kSetra kI jo paribhASA hai, vahI samudraparyanta, Asetu-himAcala bhUkhaNDa isa maurya-samrATa prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 40 23

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ke adhIna thA, jo vijita, anta aura uparAnta-kSetroM ke bheda se tIna vargoM meM vibhakta thaa| jo bhAga sIdhe kendrIya-zAsana ke antargata thA, vaha 'vijita' kahalAtA thA aura aneka cakroM meM vibhAjita thaa| triratna, caityavRkSa, dIkSAvRkSa Adi jaina-sAMskRtika-pratIkoM se yukta kucha sikke bhI isa maurya-samrATa ke prApta hue haiN|"6 ina samrATa candragupta ne jainadIkSA aMgIkAra karane apane guru aMtima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke sAtha dakSiNa-bhArata ke karnATaka-prAMta meM 'zravaNabelgula' kSetra meM tapasyA kI aura samAdhipUrvaka dehatyAga kiyaa| vaha sthita zilAlekha meM aisA ullekha milatA hai "... jinazAsanAyAnavarata-bhadrabAhu-candragupta munipaticaraNamudrAGkita vizAlazI..... / / ' isa zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki candragiri parvata para munipati bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ke caraNacihna aMkita kiye gye| anya graMthoM se bhI isa tathya ke poSaka pramANa prApta hote haiM bhadrabAhuvacaH zrutvA candragupto nreshvrH| asyaiva yogina: pArzve dadhau jainezvaraM tapaH / / candraguptamuni: zIghra prathamo dazapUrviNAm / sarvasaMghAdhipo jAto vishaakhaacaarysNjnykH|| anena saha saMgho'pi samasato guruvaakyt:| dakSiNApathadezastha-punnATaviSayaM yyau||"8 artha :- zrI bhadrabAhu AcArya ke vacana sunakara samrATa candragupta ne bhadrabAhu ke pAsa .. jainendrI dIkSA lekara tapa kiyaa| candragupta zIghra daza-pUrvapAThiyoM kA agresara 'vizAkhAcArya' nAma pAkara munisaMgha kA nAyaka bana gyaa| vizAkhAcArya kA samasta saMgha guru-Adeza se (bhadrabAhu AcArya kI AjJA se) dakSiNApatha-dezavartI punnATa janapada' ko gyaa| Adhunika vicAraka bhI isa tathya ko svIkArate haiM "bhArata sImAnta se videzI-sattA ko sarvathA parAjita karake bhAratIyatA kI rakSA karanevAle samrAT candragupta ne jaina-AcArya zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI se dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| unake putra bimbasAra the| samrATa azoka unake pautra the| kucha dina jaina rahakara azoka pIche bauddha ho gaye the|" aitihAsika pramANoM se vidita hotA hai ki samrATa candragupta maurya kI rAjyAbhiSeka-tithi 26 pharavarI 387 IsApUrva thI, tathA IsApUrva 365 meM inhoMne jainamuni dIkSA lI thii| isaprakAra kula 22 varSoM taka rAjya karake ye dIkSita hue the| aise yazasvI samrAT ke munidIkSA aMgIkAra karane evaM prAkRtika kAraNoM se guru-sAnnidhya meM dakSiNabhArata jAne aura vahA~ tapasyA karane ke uparAnta vyApaka dharmaprabhAvanApUrvaka 00 24 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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samAdhividhi se dehatyAga karane kI carcA anekatra prApta hotI hai| kintu isa prasaMga meM prAya: kucha loga yaha kaha jAte haiM ki candragupta aura bhadrabAhu ke pravAsa se pUrva dakSiNabhArata meM jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra nahIM thaa| yaha bAta aitihAsika sAkSyoM evaM vyAvahArika-paramparA se mela nahIM khAtI hai| isa viSaya meM katipaya vicAra-bindu nimnAnusAra haiM aMtima zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu apane ziSya candragupta maurya (vizAkhAcArya) evaM anya vizAla munisaMgha ke sAtha IsApUrva 298 meM dakSiNa bhArata pahuMce the| IsApUrva dvitIya zatAbdI ke digvijayI samrAT khAravela ke hAthIgumphA-abhilekha ke anusAra bhI dakSiNabhArata evaM kaliMga meM jainadharma ke pracAra kI sUcanA milatI hai| mahArASTra ke bAre meM eka pramANa yaha milatA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrvavartI kaliMga-rAjA karakaMDu, jo ki pArzvanAtha ke ziSya the, ne terapura (dhArAziva) kI guphA kA darzanakara vahA~ jainamaMdiroM kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| mahAvaMza' ke adhyayana se jJAta hotA hai ki IsApUrva pandrahavIM zatAbdI meM jainadharma siMhala (laMkA) meM pracArita ho cukA thaa| isa tathya ke AdhAra para zrI rAmasvAmI AyaMgAra ne jijJAsA vyakta kI hai ki dakSiNabhArata ko sparza kiye binA kyA jainadharma kA sIdhe siMhala pahu~ca sakanA saMbhava thaa|?10 svata: spaSTa hai ki mahArASTra, AMdhra, karnATaka, kerala evaM tamilanADu pradezoM meM prabhAvanA karatA huA hI jainadharma siMhala meM pracArita-prasArita huA hogaa| ___ jaina-graMthoM meM yaha ullekha milatA hai ki AditIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke putra bAhubali dakSiNabhArata ke prathama rAjA bane the| tathA tabhI se dakSiNabhArata meM jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra thaa| svayaM bAhubali ko bhI godAvarI nadI' ke taTa para sthita podanapura' meM ugra-tapasyA ke bAda kaivalya kI prApti honA jainagraMthoM meM varNita hai| isase prAgaitihAsika-kAla se hI jainadharma kA dakSiNa-bhArata meM pracAra-prasAra honA jJApita hotA hai| harivaMzapurANa' ke anusAra pAMDavoM ne dakSiNabhArata meM vanavAsa ke samaya dakSiNa kI 'mathurA' nagarI (madurai) kI sthApanA kI thii| aura isa samaya taka dvArikA naSTa-bhraSTa ho cukI thii|" isIkAraNa nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa evaM baladeva ne dakSiNa kI ora prayANa kiyaa| mArga meM kauzAmbI ke vana meM jaratkumAra ke nimitta se nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa divaMgata hue| yaha jAnakara pAMDava balarAma ke pAsa pahuMce aura unhoMne nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa ke zava ko zRMgiparvata para agni-saMskAra kiyaa| phira balarAma ne usI zRMgiparvata para tapasyA kii| phira pAMDavoM ko patA calA ki pallavadeza' meM bhagavAn ariSTanemi vihAra kara rahe haiM, to ve unake darzanArtha vahA~ gye|12 ____ vaidika-purANagraMthoM meM bhI ullekha milatA hai ki narmadA ke nikaTavartI kSetra meM viSNu jI ne digambara jaina-muni ke rUpa meM ahiMsA aura sauhArda kI bhAvanA kA prasAra kiyA thaa| ___ dakSiNabhArata ke samrAT nevupAdanejAra ke tAmrazAsanalekha se jJAta hotA hai ki vaha bhI jainadharmAnuyAyI thA aura IsApUrva 1140 meM usane dvArikA ke nikaTa raivataka parvata' para prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 25

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ke Akara tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi kI pUjA kI aura unakA eka maMdira bhI vahA~ banavAyA thA / 14 IsApUrva cauthI zatAbdI meM tamilanADu ke digambara jaina sAdhu dvArA 'toLakAppiyam' nAmaka tamila vyAkaraNa-graMtha kI racanA kA ullekha milatA hai / 'maNimekhalai' evaM 'zilippadIkAram' se bhI hameM anekoM aise ullekha milatA haiM, jo IsApUrva kAla meM bhI bahuta pahile se dakSiNabhArata sudUra samudrataTavartI kSetroM taka jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra evaM prabhAva siddha karate haiN| isase pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI ne apane nimittajJAna se dakSiNabhArata meM kevala sukAla kI jAnakArI nahIM lI thI, apitu unheM dakSiNa meM jainadharma evaM tattvajJAna ke pracAra-prasAra kA bhI patA thA; tabhI unhoMne suvicAritarUpa meM vindhya - mahAgiri lAMghakara dakSiNabhArata meM munisaMgha ke pravAsa kA nirNaya lekara use caritArtha kiyA thA / tathA isaprakAra jainatva kI mUlaparamparA kI rakSA unhoMne apanI bahujJatA aura dUradarzitA se kI thI / samrAT candragupta maurya (vizAkhAcArya) kA bhI isa sampUrNa kAryavidhi meM ananya yogadAna rahA; isameM bhI koI sandeha nahIM hai / isase yaha tathya bhI jJApita hotA hai ki candragupta maurya ne na kevala eka samrAT ke rUpa meM, apitu eka sAdhaka ke bhI rUpa meM jainatva kA saMrakSaNa evaM pracAra-prasAra uttara se dakSiNa bhArata taka abAdharUpa se nirantara kiyA thA / sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. mahApariNivvANasutta, pRSTha 260 / 2. bhAgavata, 12/1/12-13 / 3. vAyupurANa, 99/383 / 4. AcArya yativRSabha, tiloyapaNNatti, 4/1481 / 5. dohale ke anurUpa to usa navajAta bAlaka kA nAmakaraNa 'candrabhukta' arthAt 'candramA kA AhAra karanevAlA' rakhA gayA thA / jainagranthoM meM isake pramANa upalabdha haiM / kiMtu kAlAntara meM vaha 'candragupta' nAma se prasiddha huA / 6. draSTavya, pramukha aitihAsika jainapuruSa aura mahilAyeM, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, pRSTha 47-56 / 7. candragiri parvata - sthita zilAlekha kraM. 162 / 8. AcArya hariSeNa (sAtavIM zatAbdI), kathAkoza, 38-39 / 9. hanumAna prasAda poddAra, kalyANa mAsika - patra 1950, gorakhapura, pR0 864 10. Studies in South India Jainism, Part I, Page 33. 11. harivaMzapurANa, pRSTha 487 / 12. vahI, sarga 53-65, tathA 'dakSiNa kA jaina itihAsa', bhAga 3, pRSTha 78-80 / 13. draSTavya viSNupurANa, adhyAya 18, padmapurANa, adhyAya 1, matsyapurANa, adhyAya 24 / 14. draSTavya Times of India, 19th March 1935, peja 9 tathA saMkSipta jaina itihAsa, bhAga 3, go 65-66 1 26 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001

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'chakravaMDAgamasutta' kI 'dhavalA' TIkA ke prathama pustaka ke anekArtha-zabda -DaoN0 udayacandra jaina zaurasenI ke Adya-Agama 'chakkhaMNDAgamasutta' kA jaina-sAhitya meM advitIya sthAna hai| zaurasenI prAkRta meM nibaddha yaha graMtha sUtrarUpa meM sampUrNa jaina-siddhAnta kI jAnakArI detA hai| isake sUtrakAra AcArya puSpadanta aura AcArya bhUtabalI haiN| unakI isa sUtrazailI para AcArya vIrasena ne jo vyAkhyA prastuta kI, vaha adhikAMzata: 'zaurasenI prAkRta' meM hai, jisameM vyAkhyAkAra ne AcArya-paramparA kI racanAoM ke prAkRta-uddharaNa dekara sUtroM ke rahasya ko prakaTa kiyA hai| vyAkhyAkAra ke vivecana meM jo dhavalatA AI hai, jo prAmANikatA dI gaI hai, vaha prAkRta-manISiyoM ko dhavala banA rahI hai| purAnI pANDulipiyoM ke AdhAra para jina manISiyoM ne apanA upayoga lagAyA, unakA vidhivat saMzodhana kiyA, vaha apUrva hI nahIM, apitu dA~toM tale U~galI' dabAne jaisA kArya hai| yaha kArya lohe ke cane cabAne se kaThina hai| zAstrIya paddhati ke paM0 devakInandana, paM0 hIrAlAla zAstrI, paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI, paM0 bAlacandra zAstrI Adi ne kriyAtmaka-yoga se prAkRta ke isa prAcIna-zruta kA sampAdana hI nahIM kiyA, apitu usakI hindI-vyAkhyA dekara rASTrabhASA-hindI ke lie mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| DaoN0 hIrAlAla, DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye, paM0 kailAzacaMdra zAstrI, paM0 jaganmohanalAla jI Adi kI sUjhabUjha ke pariNAma kA yaha sukhada vRkSa apanI dhavalatA ko satata bikheratA rhegaa| ___ Aja isa SaTkhaNDAgama kI 'dhavalA' TIkA para manISiyoM ke mAdhyama se vAcanAyeM bhI vizeSa mahattva sthApita karane lagI haiN| vaha jisa gati ke sAtha Age bar3hA yA paM0 javAharalAla bhiNDara, paM0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya ke bAda to mAno virAma hI laga gayA hai| isa dhavalA TIkA ko Aja ke zAstriyoM ke bIca pahu~cAne kI parama-AvazyakatA hai, isa para goSThI nahIM, apitu prativarSa kaI vAcanAoM kI AvazyakatA hai| jo bhI vAcanA ho, usameM ve sabhI samAja meM pratiSThita-zAstrI to bulAe hI jAyeM; sAtha hI aise zAstriyoM ko bhI AmaMtrita kiyA jAe jo abhI pUrNa yuvA haiM, jinake pAsa sAdhana bhI haiM, rojI-roTI bhI hai aura jinake pAsa nahIM, prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 10 27

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unheM adhika se adhika suvidhA dekara 'zaurasenI prAkRta' ke purAtana-sUtroM ko samajhanA utanA hI zreyaskara hai, jitanA jJAna dAna denaa| yaha jJAna-dAna vidhivat banAe rakhA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki samAja ke dAtAra, sAmAjika saMsthAyeM Adi aba bhI kriyAzIla haiM / hamAre caturvidhasaMgha ke sUtradhAra ina sUtra-granthoM ke samagra-adhyayana ke lie bahuta kucha kara sakate haiN| cAturmAsika kSaNoM meM sUtra hI sUtra hoM, ve bhI aise AcAryoM ke jinake adhyAtma-jagat se yaha jaina-sAhitya pallavita, puSpita evaM vaTa-vRkSa kI taraha vizAla huaa| ___vaTa-vRkSa ke rUpa meM 'dhavalA' TIkA kitane zAstriyoM ne dekhI, kitanoM ne unakA vidhivat avalokana kiyA, kitane ke pAsa usake prakAzita solaha bhAga meM se eka-do bhAga bhI haiM? gahana-siddhAnta kI jAnakArI cAhie hai, to AcArya-saMgha ko yaha pahalA kAma karanA hogA ki inakA svAdhyAya muniyoM ke bIca meM, AryikAoM ke madhya meM evaM zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke sAnnidhyamAtra meM hone se koI kArya nahIM calanevAlA hai; apitu ina siddhAnta-granthoM kI granthiyoM ko vidhi-vidhAna karAnevAle zAstriyoM, adhyApana karAnevAle manISiyoM taka bhI pahu~cAnA hogaa| 'dhavalA' TIkA meM samagra akSara-vijJAna, vyAkaraNazAstra, gaNita, jyotiSa Adi to haiM hI, para isameM kaIprakAra ke koSa bhI vidyamAna haiN| 'dhavalA' pustaka eka, khaNDa eka ke 'satprarUpaNA' meM jo zabda haiM, unakA dhAtupATha, paribhASA, artha, sUtra vivecana, vizleSaNa, zaMkA-samAdhAna Adi se bhI mahattva haiN| isake zabdoM meM jo anekArthaka paryAyavAcI zabda haiM, unakA vizleSaNa koSavRddhi meM nizcita hI parama-sahakArI hogA; kyoMki eka hI zabda ke aneka zabda, zabda-vijJAna kI bar3hottarI meM sadaiva sahAyaka hote haiM aura usase hI sUtra-rahasya, vyAkhyAkAra kA vivecana, viSaya-varNana Adi samajhA jA sakatA hai| artha kA gAmbhIrya zabdavijJAna ke bhaNDAra se hI prasphuTita hotA hai aura usase hI jinazAsana kI mahimA maMDita hotI ___ 'dhavalA' ke prArambhika maMgalAcaraNa meM vividha-vizeSaNoM ke mAdhyama se jina' zabda kI hI nahIM, apitu isake samagra pada-samUha kI vyAkhyA kI hai siddhamaNaMtamaNiMdiyamaNuvamamappattha-saoNkkha-maNavajjaM / kevalapahoha-Nijjiya-duNNaya-timiraM jiNaM Namaha / / isa AgamasUtra meM prArambha meM siddha' pada hai, jo aneka bhAvoM se pUrNa haiN| ise dhAtu kI dRSTi se 'Sidhu' dhAtu gamanArthaka yA 'Sidhu' dhAtu saMrAdhana ina donoM ke artha meM prayukta kiyA hai| sahau sukhadAhadau - sakAra se prArambha kie gae vivecana se sukha hI sukha arthAt AtmAnaMda kA kAraNa hI utpanna hotA hai| 1. anagAra - RSi, muni, yati aura anagAra --ye cAra prAya: ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| 2. Agama - Agamo siddhaMto pvynnmidi| -(pR033) 00 28 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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3. maMgala - maMgala-puNyaM pUtaM pavitraM prazastaM zivaM zubhaM kalyANaM bhadraM saukhyamityevamAdIni maMgalaparyAyavacanAni / -(pR033) maMgala, puNya, pUta, pavitra, prazasta, ziva, zubha, kalyANa, bhadra aura saukhya --ye 'maMgala' ke paryAyavAcI haiN| isI artha ko AdhAra banAkara AcArya vIrasena ne prAkRta aura saMskRta donoM meM hI maMgala kI nirukti bhI hai| - maMgaM sukhaM tallAti Adatta iti vA maMgalam / -(pa034) - malaM gAlayati vinAzayati vidhvaMsayatIti maMgalam / -(pR034) - maMgalati gacchati kartA-kAryasiddhinAsmin veti maMgalam / -(pR035) - pAvaM malaM ti bhaNNadi uvacArasarUveNa jIvANaM / -(pR035) anuyoga - anukUla-vyAkhyAna kA nAma 'anuyoga' hai| 'aNu' saMjJA hai| Agamakathita sUtra ke ananta-artha hote haiM, isalie sUkSmarUpa sUtra ke artha ko vistArasahita pratipAdana karanA 'anuyoga' hai| aNiyogo ya Niyyogo bhAsa-vibhAsA ya vaTTiyA cey| -(pR0155) anuyogo niyogo bhASA vibhASA vartiketyarthaH / -(pR0156) anuyoga, viyoga, bhASA, vibhASA aura vartikA --ye anuyoga ke nAma haiN| anuyoga kI ' nirukti meM 'sUI muddA paDiho saMbhavadala-vaTTiyA cey|' sUcI, mudrA, pratidha, saMbhavadala aura vartikA -ye pA~ca dRSTAnta haiN| arihaMta - rahasyAbhAvAdvA arihaMtA, rahasyamantarAya:, tasya zeSaghAtitritaya-vinAzAvinAbhAvino bhraSTabIjavanni:zaktIkRtaghAtikarmaNo hnnaadrihNtaa| -(pR045) _ 'rahasya' kA artha 'abhAva' hai| 'rahasya' kA artha 'antarAya' bhI hai| arthAt antarAya-karma kA abhAva honA arihaMta hai| ____ arha pUjya, mahAna, atizaya, yogy| -(pR045) indra - indra, puraMdara, zakra / -(pR090) prarUpaNa - nirdeza: prarUpaNaM vivaraNaM vyaakhyaanmiti| -(pR0161) prarUpaNa, nirdeza, vivaraNa aura vyAkhyAna prarUpaNa ke nAma haiN| mithyA - mithyA vitathA vyalIka aura asatya ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| dRSTiM - dRSTi: ruci: zraddhA prtyyo| -(pR0163-167) dRSTi kA artha ruci, zraddhA aura pratyaya hai| siddha - siddhA: niSThitA: niSpannA: kRtakRtyA: siddhasAdhyA - (pR0201) siddha, niSThita, niSpanna, kRtakRtya aura siddhasAdhya ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| vakra - tiro varka kuTilamityartha: / -(pR0203) tiras, vakra aura kuTila ye ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 29

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veda - yoga kaSAya vedyata iti veda: - (pR0141) jo vedA jAe, vaha veda hai, jo anubhava kiyA jAe vaha veda hai| aSTakarmodasya vedavyapadeza: praapnoti| -(pR0141) AtmapravRttemaithuna-sammohotpAdo ved:| -(pR0142) AtmapravRtte: sammohotpAdo vedaH / -(pR0141) jo Atma-pravRtti meM sammoha utpanna karatA hai, vaha veda' hai| yujyata iti yoga: (pR0140) jo saMyoga ko prApta ho vaha yoga hai| AtmapravRtte: karmodAna-nibandhanavIryotpAdo yogH| -(pR0141). jo Atma-pravRtti ke nimitta se karmoM ke grahaNa karane meM kAraNabhUta vIrya kI utpatti hai, vaha yoga' hai| AtmapradezAnAM saMkocaviloco yogH| -(pR0141) AtmapradezoM kA saMkoca aura vistAra 'yoga' hai| jIvassa paNiogo jogo| -(pR0141) jIva ke praNiyoga arthAt parispandana kA nAma yoga hai| - kRSantIti kaSAyA: - (pR0142) kRSaNa karanA kaSAya hai| kassedi jIvassa (pR0143) jo jIva ko kaSatI hai, vaha 'kaSAya' hai| - yad grahaNaM taddarzanam - (pR0148) jo grahaNa hotA hai, vaha darzana hai| AlokanavRttirvA darzanam (AlokanavRtti darzana hai|) Atma-vyApAra kA nAma 'darzana' hai| prakAzavRttikaM darzanam (pR0150) jJAna prakAza kI vRtti 'darzana' hai| viSaya aura viSayI ke yogya deza meM hone kI pUrvAvasthA kA nAma 'darzana' hai| / jJAnasyotpAdanaM svarUpasaMvedanaM darzanam - (pR0383-285) avisesidaNa atthe dasaNamidi bhaNNade sme| -(pR0150) samaya/paramAgama meM svarUpa ke AbhAsa ko 'darzana' kahA gyaa| limpatIti lezyA - (pR0150) jo limpana karatI hai, vaha lezyA' hai| AtmapravRtti saMzleSakarI lezyA - (Fo150) jo AtmapravRtti ko saMzleSa karatI hai| kaSAyAnuviddha yogapravRtti kA nAma lezyA hai| liMpadi appIkIradi, edAe Niyaya-puNNa-pAvaM ca / jIvo tti hodi lessA, lessaa-gunn-jaanny-kkhaadaa|| - (pa0151) jisase puNya-pApa lipta hote haiM, AtmAdhIna karate haiM, vaha lezyA darzana lezyA hai| sat - sacchabdo'sti zobhanavAcaka: / -(pR0160) 'sat' zabda zobhana yA sundara artha kA vAcaka hai| sat sattvamityarthaH - (pR0160) 'sat' kA artha sattva hai| asti astittvavAcaka: sat - (10161) sat astitvavAcaka bhI hai| 40 30 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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kSaya satya nivRtti - nirbhedana vRtti: nivRtti: - (pR0184) bhedarahita vRtti nivRtti hai| nivRttiAvRtti: - (pR0185) vyAvRtti kA nAma bhI nivRtti hai| - upazama, kSapaNa -(pR0219) vinAza / indra - indanAdindra: AtmA - (pR0233) indrana, aizvarya, indra, aatmaa| ___ - phala, yoga 'ca' zabdazca traya eva yogA: santi nAnye iti yoga-saMkhyA niyamapratipAdana-phala: samuccAryA vaa| -(pR0280) __ - satyamavitathamamoghamityanarthAntaram - (pR0282) satya, avitatha aura amogha ye ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| puru - purumahamudArurAlaM eyaTTho - (pR0293) puru, mahatt, udAra aura urAla -ye ekArthavAcaka zabda haiM / samuccaya 'api' zabda: samuccayArthe dRSTavyaH - (pR0313) puruSa - puru, puruss| puruguNa-bhoge sede karedi logamhi puruguNaM kammaM / puru uttampe ya ____ jamhA tamhA mo vaNNido purisaa|| -(pR0343) 'chakkhaMDAgama' kI prathama pustaka kI vyAkhyA meM zabda-samUha, zabda-vizleSaNa, vyutpatti, svarUpa, bheda Adi kA vizleSaNa to hai hI, isa prathama pustaka meM vividha prakAra kI sAMskRtika sAmagrI bhI paryAptarUpa meM vidyamAna hai| vyAkhyAkAra dharasena ne prAkRta-zikSaNa kI dizA meM jo pUrva-prayAsa kiyA, usase aisA lagatA hai ki ve prAkRta kI pratiSThA ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta ko jana-jana taka pahu~cAnA cAhate the, tabhI to sUtra ke mUla ko kholane ke lie ve prAkRta ke mUla meM apane Apako sthApita kie hue saMskRta-jagat ko bhI cakita karane meM samartha hue| unheM jo kucha bhI pratipAdana karanA thA, vaha to prAkRta kI gAthAoM Adi ke dvArA kara diyA aura vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie prAkRta kI vizAlatA ko vizAla hI banAe rkhaa| dharasena jaise AcAryoM ne prAkRta aura saMskRta donoM vidhAoM ko jisa rUpa meM prayoga kiyA, Aja usa vidhA ko par3hane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai, usa para cintana karake isa hindI-jagat meM bhI prAkRta kI saMjIvanI kA AsvAdana karAne kI pahala honA vidvat-samAja ke lie jitanA gaurava pradAna karegA, usase kahIM adhika sAhitya-akAdamiyoM ke bIca prAkRta-akAdamI mAtra sampAdana se hI apanA piNDa chur3A le, yA puraskRta kara sammAna bhale hI pA le, para prAkRtaracanA-dharmitA bhI anya-bhASAoM kI taraha ho, use protsAhita kiyA jAe aura unheM sAhitya-jagat meM bhI pahu~cAyA jaae| hamAre pAsa aise kitane hI pArakhI haiM, prAkRta-vizeSajJa haiM, jinako isameM hI lagAyA jAkara prAkRta ko pUrva kI taraha pahacAna-patra diyA jA sakatA hai 'vIrAya bhagavate caturAsItivase kaaye| jAlAmAliniye raMniviTha mAjhamike / / " - (gaurIzaMkara ojhA, bhA.li.) ** prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 31

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bhAratIya saMskRti ko tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI dena __-padmabhUSaNa AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya saMskRta-sAhitya kA itihAsa tathA vividha-granthoM ke lekhanakArya ke samaya mujhe jainadharma, darzana, sAhitya aura isake itihAsa ke gahana-adhyayana kA saubhAgya prApta huaa| ina sabake adhyayana se jainadharma ke prati kAphI lagAva rahA aura prabhAvita rahA huuN| mere dvArA likhita anya granthoM kI taraha jainadharma, darzana aura sAhitya ke itihAsa tathA vivecana se saMbaMdhita svataMtra grantha likhane kI prabala bhAvanA rahI, mana meM isakI pUrI rUparekhA bhI rahI; kintu anyAnyalekhana meM vyastatA ke calate yaha icchA adhUrI hI rhii| aba isa pazcimavaya, vaha bhI 98-99 varSa kI isa umra meM vaisA lekhana sambhava nahIM ho pA rahA hai| phira bhI jainadharma, prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva evaM bharata aura bhAratavarSa nAmakaraNa Adi ke viSaya meM janamAnasa ko paricita karane kI dRSTi se yaha laghu-nibaMdha prastuta kara rahA huuN| jaina-paramparA ke vizAla-vAGmaya tathA isake pramukha AcAryoM meM AcArya guNadhara, puSpadanta, bhUtabali, AcArya kundakunda, umAsvAmI, samantabhadra, siddhasena, akalaMka, haribhadra, vidyAnanda, hemacandra Adi AcAryoM ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ne mujhe sarvAdhika prabhAvita kiyaa| sAtha hI isake anekAntavAda, syAdvAda, ahiMsA, saMyama, aparigraha aura sarvodaya ke siddhAntoM aura zrAvaka tathA zramaNa kI AcAra-paddhati kA maiM sadA se prazaMsaka rahA huuN| ata: aitihAsika dRSTi se mAtra yahA~ jainadharma aura RSabhadeva evaM inakI paramparA Adi ke viSaya meM kucha kahanA upayukta hogaa| vastuta: bhAratavarSa ke itihAsa meM vaidika aura zramaNa --ye do dhArmika paramparAyeM prAcInakAla se hI sarvatobhAvena mAnya rahI haiM / zramaNa-paramparA meM yadyapi jaina aura bauddha - ye do dharma mAna liye gaye, kintu jainadharma kAphI prAcIna hai| vaidika-sAhitya meM bhI jainadharma aura tIrthaMkaroM se saMbaMdhita aneka-ullekha milate haiN| aba to aneka sAhityika, purAtAttvika, bhASAvaijJAnika evaM zilAlekhI-sAkSyoM ne ise eka svataMtra, maulika aura prAcInadharma siddha kara diyA hai| mahAtmA buddha ne svayaM jainadharma kI pUrvabhAvitA ko svIkAra kiyA hai| isa dharma ke lie jaina' saMjJA to bahuta bAda kI hai| isake pahale isake prAcIna nAma Aheta, zramaNa (samaNa), nigaNTha ityAdi ke ullekha vaidika tathA itara-prAcIna-bhAratIya-vAGmaya meM milate haiN| nigaNTha' zabda nirgrantha' kA prAkRta-pAlibhASA kA rUpAntara-mAtra hai| 'pAli 10 32 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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tipiTakoM' meM vardhamAna mahAvIra ke lie nigaNThanAtaputta' zabda AyA hai| jainadharma meM cAra prakAra ke karma-vijetA, trailokyapUjita, trikAlajJa sarvajJa-puruSoM kI 'arhat' saMjJA hai aura arhat dvArA pracArita hone ke kAraNa isa dharma kA nAma 'Ahata' hai| rAga-dveSa evaM karmarUpI zatruoM tathA indriyoM para vijaya prApta karane ke kAraNa ina vItarAgI-mahApuruSoM ko 'jina' kahA jAtA hai| jina' zabda ji' dhAtu se 'naG' uNAdi-pratyaya ke dvArA siddha hotA hai| jayatIti jina:' arthAt jiitnevaalaa| 'jina' dvArA pravartita yA pracArita hone ke kAraNa isa dharma kA nAma hI 'jaina' ho gyaa| dharmarUpI-tIrtha ke pravartaka kI saMjJA tIrthaMkara' hai| ___ jainadharma meM RSabhadeva se lekara mahAvIra vardhamAna taka caubIsa tIrthakara hue haiN| isake Adipravartaka tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva haiM, jinheM Adideva, AdinAtha, AdibrahmA yA vRSabhadeva bhI kahA jAtA hai| jaina-mAnyatAnusAra ye 'avasarpiNI kAla' ke prathama tIrthaMkara' haiM, jinhoMne sarvaprathama vividha jJAna-vijJAna aura kalAoM kI zikSA dI thI tathA sarvaprathama asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA, vANijya aura zilpa - ina chaha kalAoM kA upadeza dekara acchI samAja-vyavasthA sthApita kii| RSabhadeva kA vedoM meM ullekha milatA hai| zrImadbhAgavata' (skandha 5, a0 4-6) meM to inakA vistRta-jIvanavRtta bhI milatA hai| Apa manuvaMzI-mahIpati 'nAbhirAja' tathA mahArAjJI 'marudevI' ke putra the| ye hI prathama-tIrthakara bhagavAn-RSabhadeva' khlaaye| inake sau putra bhI the| inameM prathama-cakravartI samrAT 'bharata' tathA dvitIya AdikevalI mahAn-tapasvI 'bAhubalI' bahuta-prasiddha mahApuruSa hue haiN| inhIM bAhubalI-bhagavAn kI vizva-prasiddha adbhuta-camatkArI 57 phuTa kI vizAla-mUrti karnATaka meM baiMgalora ke nikaTa 'zravaNabelgola' nAmaka tIrthasthAna ke 'vindhyagiri parvata' para eka hajAra varSoM se bhI adhika samaya se sthApita hai| __jainadharma ke lie yaha gaurava kI bAta hai ki inhIM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke jyeSThapatra 'bharata' ke nAma se isa deza kA nAmakaraNa 'bhAratavarSa' inhIM kI prasiddhi ke kAraNa vikhyAta huaa| itanA hI nahIM apitu kucha vidvAn bhI sambhavata: isa tathya se aparicita hoMge ki AryakhaNDarUpa isa bhAratavarSa kA eka prAcIna-nAma nAbhikhaNDa yA 'ajanAbhavarSa' bhI inhIM RSabhadeva ke pitA 'nAbhirAja' ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| ye nAbhi aura koI nahIM, apitu svAyaMbhuva manu ke putra priyavrata ke putra 'nAbhi' the| nAbhirAja kA eka nAma 'ajanAbha' bhI thaa| 'skanda purANa' (1/2/37/55) meM kahA hai- "himAdri-jaladharenta bhikhaNDamiti smRtam / " zrImadbhAgavata meM kahA hai ___ ajanAbhaM nAmaitadvarSabhAratamiti yat Arabhya vyapadizanti" --(5/7/3) arthAt 'ajanAbhavarSa' hI Age calakara 'bhAratavarSa' isa saMjJA se abhihita huaa| yadyapi Adhunika-itihAsa kI pustakoM meM 'bhAratavarSa' - isa nAmakaraNa kI aneka kiMvadaMtiyA~ milatI haiM, kintu unake vizeSa zAstrIya-pramANa upalabdha nahIM hote, jabaki pUrvokta RSabhadeva ke jyeSThaputra 'bharata' ke nAma se prasiddhi ke aneka aitihAsika-pramANa vaidika-purANoM prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 33

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meM milate haiN| jaina-purANoM kA adhyayana to merA kama hI hai, isaliye unake pramANa khojanA to mere lie isa samaya kaThina hai, kintu vaidika-purANoM meM sambandhita kucha tathyoM ke ullekha milate haiM, unheM yahA~ prastuta karanA apanA karttavya samajhatA huuN| 'zrImadbhAgavat' meM kahA hai ki mahAyogI bharata, RSabha ke sau putroM meM se jyeSTha evaM zreSTha the aura unhIM ke nAma se yaha deza 'bhAratavarSa' kahalAyA yeSAM khalu mahAyogI bharato jyeSThaH zreSThaguNa AsIt / yenedaM varSa bhAratamiti vyapadizanti / / -(zrImadbhAgavat, 5/4/9) 'zrImadbhAgavata' meM eka aura mahattvapUrNa tathya isaprakAra ullikhita hai teSAM vai bharato jyeSTho nArAyaNaparAyaNaH / vikhyAtavarSametad yannAmnA bhAratamadbhutam / / -(11/2/17) 'agnipurANa' (10/10-11) meM kahA hai jarAmRtyubhayaM nAsti dharmAdharmI yugAdikam, nAdharma madhyamaM tulyA himadezAttu nAbhita: / RSabho marudevyAM ca RSabhAd bharato'bhavat / / RSabho'dAt zrIputre zAlyagrAme hariM gataH / bharatAd bhArataM varSa bharatAt sugatistvabhUt / / 'mArkeNDayapurANa' (50/39-42) meM kahA hai-- "svAmbhuva manu ke putra AgrnIdhra AgnIdhra ke putra nAbhi, nAbhi ke putra RSabha aura RSabha ke putra bharata the, jinake nAma para isa deza kA nAmakaraNa 'bhAratavarSa' huA AgnIdhasUno bhestu RSabho'bhUt dvijaH / RSabhAd bharato jajJe vIra: putrazatAd varaH / / so'bhiSiJcyarSabha: putraM mahAprAvrAjyamAsthita: / tapastepe mahAbhAga: pulhaashrm-sNshryH|| himAlaM dakSiNaM varSa bharatAya pitA ddau| tasmAttu bhArataM varSaM tasya nAmnA mahAtmanaH / / isItaraha ke aneka pramANa 'brahmANDapurANa' (pUrva 2/14), 'vAyupurANa' (pUrvArdha 30/5053), 'nAradapurANa' (pUrvakhaNDa 48/5-6), 'liMgapurANa' (57/98-23), zivapurANa' (37/57), 'matsyapurANa' (114/5-6) --ina purANoM meM draSTavya hone se mahattvapUrNa haiM / anveSaNa karane para aura bhI isake pramANa mila sakate haiN| isIprakAra skandhapurANa' ke mAhezvara-khaNDastha 'kaumArAkhaNDa' (37/57) meM bhI kahA hai nAbhe: putrazca RSabha: RSabhAd bharato'bhavat / tasya nAmnA tvidaM varSaM bhArataM ceti kiirtyte|| 00 34 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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jaina tathA anya purANoM meM bhI isItaraha ke pramANa ho sakate haiM, kintu navIM zatI ke suprasiddha jainAcArya jinasena ne apane mahApurANa (17/76) meM jo kahA hai, use uddhRta karanA Avazyaka hai-- tato'bhiSicya sAmrAjye bharataM sUnumagrimam / bhagavAn bhArataM varSaM tatsanAthaM vyadhAdidam / / isataraha ke pramANoM ke AdhAra para aba una logoM kI A~kheM khula jAnI cAhie, arthAt ve bhrAntiyA~ miTa jAnI cAhie, jo duSyantaputra bharata yA anya ko isa deza ke nAmakaraNa se sambaddha karate haiN| tathA vidyAlayoM, kaoNlejoM ke pAThyakrama meM nirdhArita itihAsa kI pustakoM meM bhI isase saMbaMdhita bhramoM kA saMzodhana karake itihAsa kI saccAIyoM se avagata karAnA bahuta Avazyaka hai| 'purANa vimarza' nAmaka apane bahuprasiddha - grantha ke saptama - pariccheda (pra0 caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI) meM maiMne inhIM saba pramANoM ke adhyayana ke bAda likhA bhI thA ki-- 'prAcIna nirukti ke anusAra 'svAyambhuva manu' ke putra the 'priyavrata', jinake putra the 'naabhi'| 'nAbhi' ke putra the 'vRSabha', jinake ekazataputroM meM se jyeSThaputra 'bharata' ne pitA kA rAjasiMhAsana prApta kiyA aura inhIM rAjA bharata ke nAma para yaha deza 'ajanAbhavarSa' se parivartita hokara 'bhAratavarSa' kahalAne lagA / jo loga duSyanta ke putra bharata ke nAma para yaha nAmakaraNa mAnate haiM, ve paramparA - virodhI hone se aprAmANika haiM / 1 sitambara 1993 meM vArANasI ke 'zrI gaNezavarNI digambara jaina saMsthAna' meM eka vyAkhyAnamAlA kA maiMne udghATana karate hue isa deza kA prAcIna nAma 'ajanAbhavarSa' kA sambandha prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke pitA nAbhirAja ke nAma para tathA RSabha ke jyeSThaputra bharata ke nAma para 'bhAratavarSa' prasiddha hone kI bAta kahI, to vahA~ upasthita aneka una jainadharmAvalambiyoM taka ko bahuta Azcarya huA thA, jo ina tathyoM se aparicita the| - prathama tIrthaMkara RSabha ke bAda teIsa tIrthaMkara aura hue| isataraha jainadharma meM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI eka lambI paramparA isaprakAra hai- 1. RSabhadeva, 2. ajitanAtha, 3. saMbhava, 4. abhinandana, 5. sumati, 6. padmaprabhaM, 7. supArzvanAtha, 8. candraprabha, 9. puSpadanta, 10. zItalanAtha, 11. zreyAMsanAtha, 12 vAsupUjya, 13. vimalanAtha, 14. anantanAtha, 15. dharmanAtha, 16. zAntinAtha, 17. kunthunAtha, 18. arahanAtha, 19. mallinAtha, 20. munisuvrata, 21. naminAtha, 22. neminAtha, 23. pArzvanAtha tathA 24. mahAvIra / ina sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke viSaya meM eka bAta vizeSa ullekhanIya hai, vaha yaha ki ye sabhI tIrthaMkara 'kSatriya' the| inameM saptama supArzvanAtha, aSTama candraprabha, gyArahaveM zreyAMsanAtha aura teisaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha - ina cAra tIrthakaroM kI janmabhUmi kA gaurava 'vArANasI' nagarI ko hai| RSabha ke bAda aitihAsika tIrthaMkaroM meM jinakI adhika prasiddhi hai-- unameM neminAtha, pArzvanAtha evaM caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra vardhamAna haiM / ina sabakA paricaya tad-viSayakasAhitya meM draSTavya hai| prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara 2001 35

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AtmajayI mahAvIra --AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivedI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmakalyANaka-varSa ke suavasara para jahA~ saba ora se vidvAn mahAvIra ke jIvanacaritra ko likhane meM pravRtta haiM aura anekAneka kAryakrama Ayojita kiye jA rahe haiM; vahIM vItarAgI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana-darzana ko prarUpita karanevAlA eka niSpakSa prAmANika vidvAn kI sArasvata-lekhanI se prasUta yaha Alekha nizcaya hI jijJAsupAThakavRnda ko AkarSaka kA kendra pratIta hogaa| lekhana ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara AcArya hajArI prasAda jI dvivedI ke nibandha hindI-sAhitya-jagat meM ativiziSTa sthAna rakhate haiN| inakI vizeSa bAta yaha hotI hai ki gambhIra-viSaya ko bhI ve rocaka bhASA-zailI meM uccamaryAdAoM ke sAtha ve prastuta karate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke isa Alekha meM bhI unakI viziSTa zailI kA vyApaka prabhAva pratibimbita -sampAdaka jIvana-preraNA ke srota __ jina punIta-mahAtmAoM para bhAratavarSa ucita garva kara sakatA hai, jinake mahAn upadeza hajAroM varSa kA kAlAvadhi ko cIrakara Aja bhI jIvanta-preraNA kA srota bane hue haiM, unameM bhagavAn mahAvIra agragaNya haiN| unake puNya-smaraNa se hama nizcitarUpa se gauravAnvita hote haiN| Aja se DhAI hajAra varSa pahile bhI isa deza meM vibhinna-zreNI kA mAnava-maNDaliyA~ basatI thiiN| unameM kitanI hI vikasita-sabhyatA se sampanna thiiN| bahuta sI arddha-vikasita aura avikasita-sabhyatAyeM sAtha-sAtha jI rahIM thiiN| Aja bhI usa avasthA meM bahuta antara nahIM AyA hai, para mahAvIra ke kAla meM vizvAsoM aura AcAroM kI visaMgatiyA~ bahuta jaTila thIM aura unameM Adima-pravRtiyA~ bahuta adhika thiiN| isa paristhiti meM sabako uttama-lakSya kI ora prerita karane kA kAma bahuta kaThina hai| kisI ke AcAra aura vizvAsa kI tarka se galata sAbita kara denA, kisI uttama-lakSya taka jAne kA sAdhana nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki usase anAvazyaka-kaTutA aura kSobha paidA hotA hai| __hara prakAra ke AcAra-vicAra kA samarthana karanA aura bhI burA hotA hai, usase galata bAtoM kA anucita samarthana hotA hai aura antatogatvA AsthA aura anAsthA kA vAtAvaraNa 0036 prAkatavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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utpanna hotA hai| khaNDana-maNDana dvArA digvijayI banane kA prayAsa isa deza meM kama pracalita nahIM thA, paraMtu isase koI vizeSa-lAbha kabhI nahIM huaa| pratidvandvI-kheme aura bhI Agraha ke sAtha apanI-apanI Teka para ar3a jAte haiN| isa deza ke visaMgati-bahula samAja ko ThIka rAste para le Ane ke lie jina mahAtmAoM ne gaharAI meM dekhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, unhoMne do bAtoM para savizeSa-bala diyA hai| mana, vacana, karma para saMyama pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki kevala vANI dvArA upadeza yA kathanI kabhI ucita-lakSya taka nahIM le jaatii| usake lie Avazyaka hai ki vANI dvArA kucha bhI kahane ke pahale vaktA kA caritra-zuddha ho| usakA mana nirmala honA cAhie, AcaraNa pavitra honA caahie| jisane mana, vacana aura karma ko saMyata rakhanA nahIM sIkhA, inameM paraspara-aviruddha rahane kI sAdhanA nahIM kI, vaha jo kucha bhI kahegA, aprabhAvI hogaa| caritra-bala netRtva ke lie Avazyaka hamAre pUrvajoM ne mana, vacana-karma para saMyama rakhane ko eka zabda meM 'tapa' kahA hai| tapa se hI manuSya saMyatendriya yA jitendriya hotA hai, tapa se hI vaha vazI' hotI hai, tapa se hI vaha kucha kahane kI yogyatA prApta karatA hai| vibhinna prakAra ke saMskAroM aura vizvAsoM ke loga tarka se yA vAgmitA se nahIM, balki zuddha, pavitra, saMyata-caritra se prabhAvita hote haiN| yugoM se yaha bAta hamAre deza meM baddhamUla ho gaI hai| isa deza ke netRtva kA adhikArI eka mAtra vahI ho sakatI hai, jisameM cAritra kA mahAn guNa ho / durbhAgyavaza vartamAnakAla meM isa ora kama dhyAna diyA jA rahA hai| jisameM caritrabala nahIM, vaha deza kA netRtva nahIM kara sktaa| ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra jaisA caritra-sampanna, jitendriya, AtmavazI mahAtmA milanA muzkila hai| sArA jIvana unhoMne Atma-saMyama aura tapasyA meM bitaayaa| unake samAna dRr3ha-saMkalpa ke AtmajayI-mahAtmA bahuta thor3e hue haiN| unakA mana, vacana aura karma eka dUsare ke sAtha pUrNa sAmaMjasya meM the| isa deza kA netA unhIM jaisA tapomaya mahAtmA hI ho sakatA thaa| hamAre saubhAgya se isa deza meM jitendriya-mahAtmAoM kI paramparA bahuta vizAla rahI hai| isa deza meM tapasviyoM kI saMkhyA sadA bahuta rahI hai| kevala caritra-bala hI paryApta nahIM hai| isake sAtha aura kucha bhI Avazyaka hai| ahiMsA, adroha aura maitrI ___ yaha aura kucha bhI hamAre manISiyoM ne khoja nikAlA thaa| vaha thA ahiMsA, adroha aura maitrii| ahiMsA paramadharma hai, vaha sanAtana dharma hai, vaha ekamAtra dharma hai, Adi bAteM isa deza meM sadA mAnya rahI haiN| mana se, vacana se, karma se ahiMsA kA pAlana kaThina-sAdhanA hai| siddhAntarUpa se prAya: sabhI ne ise svIkAra kiyA hai; para AcaraNa meM ise sahI-sahI utAra prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 37

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lenA kaThina-kArya hai| zarIra dvArA ahiMsA-pAlana apekSAkRta AsAna hai, vANI dvArA kaThina hai aura mana dvArA to nitAnta-kaThina hai| tInoM meM sAmaJjasya banAye rakhanA aura bhI kaThina sAdhanA hai| isa deza meM 'ahiMsA' zabda ko bahuta adhika mahattva diyA jAtA hai| yaha Upara-Upara se niSedhAtmaka zabda lagatA hai; lekina yaha niSedhAtmaka isalie hai ki Adima sahajAta-vRtti ko ukhAr3a dene se banA hai| ahiMsA bar3I kaThina-sAdhanA hai| usakA sAdhana saMyama hai, maitrI hai, adroha-buddhi hai aura sabase bar3hakara antarnAda ke satya kI parama-upalabdhi hai| ahiMsA kaThora-saMyama cAhatI hai, indriyoM aura mana kA nigraha cAhatI hai, vANI para saMyata-anuzAsana cAhatI hai aura parama-satya para sadA jameM rahane kA AvisaMvAdinI-buddhi cAhatI hai| sabase bar3e ahiMsA vratI bhagavAn mahAvIra se bar3A ahiMsAvratI koI nahIM huaa| unhoMne vicAroM ke kSetra meM krAntikArI ahiMsakavRtti kA praveza kraayaa| vibhinna vicAroM aura vizvAsoM ke pratyAkhyAna meM jo ahaMkArabhAvanA hai, use bhI unhoMne panapane nahIM diyaa| ahaMkAra arthAt apane Apa ko jagaha pravAha se pRthak samajhane kI vRtti bahutaprakAra kI ahiMsA kA kAraNa banatI hai| satya ko 'idamitthaM' rUpa meM jAnane kA dAvA bhI ahaMkAra kA hI eka rUpa hai| satya avibhAjya hotA hai aura use vibhakta karake dekhane se mata-matAMtaroM kA Agraha utpanna hotA hai| Agraha se satya ke vibhinna-pahalU ojhala ho jAte haiN| sampUrNa manISA ko nayA mor3a ___mujhe bhagavAn mahAvIra ke isa anAgrahIrUpa meM jo sarvatra satya kI jhalaka dekhane kA prayAsI hai, parivartIkAla ke adhikArI-bheda, prasaMga-bheda Adi ke dvArA satya ko sarvatra dekhane kA vaiSNavapravRti kA pUrvarUpa dikhAI detA hai| paravartI jaina-AcArya ne syAdvAda ke rUpa meM ise suciMtita darzanazAstra kA rUpa diyA aura vaiSNava-AcAryoM ne saba ko adhikArI-bheda se svIkAra karane kI dRSTi dI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sampUrNa bhAratIya manISA ko naye DhaMga se socane kI dRSTi dI hai| isa dRSTi kA mahattva aura upayogitA isI se prakaTa hotI hai ki Aja ghUma phirakara saMsAra phira usI meM kalyANa dekhane lagatA hai| satya aura ahiMsA para unako bar3I dRr3ha AsthA thii| kabhI-kabhI unheM kevala jainamata ke usa rUpa ko jo Aja jIvita hai, prabhAvita aura prerita karanevAlA mAnakara unakI dena ko sImita kara diyA jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra isa deza ke una gine-cune mahAtmAoM meM se haiM, jinhoMne sAre deza kI manISA ko nayA mor3a diyA hai| unakA caritra, zIla, tapa aura vivekapUrNa vicAra, sabhI abhinandanIya haiN| | "brAhmI parabrahmasambandhinI sarasvatI vedapurANAdirUpA vidyaa|" - (TippaNI) | 10 38 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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bhAratIya saMskRti meM gAya ___-DaoN0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla vigata aMka ke sampAdakIya lekha meM 'gau' zabda kI vivecanA ke sambandha meM sudhI-pAThakoM ke bahuta patra Aye the| bAda meM adhyayanakrama meM gAya viSayaka yaha Alekha hAtha lagA, jo ki svanAmadhanya vidvadvareNya DaoN0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla jI kI pavitra lekhanI se prasUta hai| DaoN0 agravAla jI bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke ativiziSTa manISI the| unakA yaha Alekha san 1979 meM pRthivI-prakAzana, vArANasI ke dvArA prakAzita kRti 'bhAratIya dharma-mImAMsA' se uddhRta hai| 'prAkRtavidyA' ke jijJAsu-pAThakoM ke lie yaha Alekha avazya rucikara lagegA --isI AzA ke sAtha yahA~ prastuta hai| -sampAdaka bhAratIya-saMskRti meM gau-tattva kI bar3I mahimA hai| jisa gau-pazu ko hama loka meM pratyakSa dekhate haiM, vaha dUdha denevAle prANiyoM meM sarvazreSTha hai| dugdha amRta-bhojana hai| vaha jIvanabhara manuSya kI deha ko sIMcatA hai| bhAratIya jalavAyu meM gorasa-yukta bhojana hI mAnava-zarIra kA sarvottama poSaka hai| vaha sthUla-anna ke sAtha milakara bhojana meM poSaka-tattvoM kI saMpUrNatA pradAna karatA hai| pA~ca-sahasra-varSoM ke rASTrIya-anubhava kA nicor3a yahI hai ki ghI, dUdha, dahI, maTThA bhArata kI zItoSNa-jalavAyu meM AyuSya, bala, buddhi aura oja kI vRddhi ke lie sAkSAtamRta hai| lokokti to yahA~ taka kahatI haiM ki takra meM jo guNa hai, vaha indra ke rAjasI-bhojana meM bhI nahIM hai|' (takraM zakrasya durlabham) / vidura kA kathana hai ki jisake pAsa gau hai, usane bhojana meM uttama-rasa kA Ananda pA liyaa| - (samAzA gomatA jitA, udyogaparva 34-45) __ sthUla-dRSTi se kRSi ke liye bhI gau kA ananta-upakAra hai| eka ora gau ke jAe bachar3e hala khIMcakara khetoM ko kRSi ke liye taiyAra karate haiM, dUsarI ora gau kA gobara bhUmi kI urvarA-zakti ko bar3hAne ke liye zreSTha-khAda hai, jo sar3a-phUlakara razmiyoM ke prakAza aura jIvANuoM se use bhara detI hai| kRSi' yahA~ kA rASTrIya-dhandhA hai| kRSi se hI bhArata meM jIvana kI sattA hai| jaisA kahA hai "rAjJAM sattve hyasattve vA, vizeSo noplkssyte| kRSIbalavinAze tu, jAyate jagato vipat / / " arthAt rAjAoM ke ulaTa-phera se koI vizeSa-ghaTanA nahIM ghtttii| para yadi kisAna kA prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 39

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hrAsa hotA hai, to sAre janasamudAya meM vipatti chA jAtI hai| vyAsa jI ne to yahA~ taka kahA hai ki jo kisAna nahIM hai, yA kisAnI kA dhandhA nahIM jAnatA, use usa rASTra kI samiti kA sadasya nahIM honA cAhie__ "na na: sa samitiM gacchedyazca no nirvapat kRSim / " - (udyogaparva 26/31) jo kisAna kA dhandhA nahIM jAnate, ve usakA saccA hita-anahita bhI nahIM pahacAna skte| ataeva bhAratIya-saMskRti meM kRSi-mahimA aura go-mahimA donoM paryAyavAcI haiN| kaSi se go-rakSA aura go-rakSA se kRSi kA saMvardhana svayaMsiddha hai| ___gau sabaprakAra kI artha-siddhiyoM kA dvAra hai, isa tattva ko bhAratIya-saMskRti meM 'gau' ke aneka pratIkoM se pallavita kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke liye gau' zabda ke kaI artha haiM / bhUmi gau hai, vidyA aura vANI gau haiM, zarIra meM indriyA~ gau haiM aura virATa-vizva meM sUrya aura candra kI razmiyA~ gau haiN| vizva-racanA meM prajApati kI jo AdyA-zakti hai, vaha gau hai| isaprakAra gau ke pratIka dvArA jIvana kI bahumukhI-sampannatA ko prakaTa kiyA gyaa| jaMgala meM meghoM ke jala se jo tRNa utpanna hote haiM, ve jala kA hI rUpa haiN| usa nIrarUpI ghAsa ko khAkara gau sAyaMkAla jaba ghara lauTatI hai, to usake thana dUdha se bhara jAte haiN| nIra kA kSIra meM parivartana, yahI gau kI divya-mahimA hai| para aisA tabhI hotA hai, jaba garbha-dhAraNa karake vaha bacce ko janma detI hai| usake hRdaya meM jo mAtA kA sneha umar3atA hai, vahI jala meM ghulakara use dUdha banA detA hai| sacamuca mAtA ke hRdaya kI yaha rAsAyanika-zakti prakRti kA antaraMga-rahasya hai| mAnava kI mAtA meM athavA saMsAra kI saba mAtAoM ke hRdaya ke yahI sneha-tattva bharA hotA hai| donoM meM hI utpAdana yA naye-naye prajanana kI aparimita-kSamatA pAyI jAtI hai| gau kI vaMza-vRddhi atyanta vipula hotI hai| ___bhUmi meM eka bIja ke viAsane se jo pU~jA nikalatA hai, usase saikar3oM dAne utpanna hote haiN| aise hI vANI-rUpI gau se prApta honevAlA jJAnarUpI dUdha bhI anantaphala detA hai| eka sacce tapasvI AcArya yA guru kI vANI se jo jJAna phailatA hai, usase honevAle loka-kalyANa kA anta nahIM hai| jJAna kA yaha sUtra deza aura kAla meM ananta hai| pratyeka pIr3hI apane pUrvajoM se isa nidhi ko prApta karatI huI svayaM bhI ise bar3hAne kA udyoga karatI hai| vANI-rUpI gau kA jJAnarUpI dugdha jaba manuSya kA manarUpI bachar3A pItA hai, to usameM naye prANa kA saMcAra ho jAtA hai| acche netA kI vANI-rUpI kAmadhenu ke dugdha se rASTra kA jIvana amara banatA huA dekhA jAtA hai| isa gau ke prabhAva kI koI sImA nahIM hai| yakSa ne yudhiSThira se prazna kiyA ki "saMsAra meM pratyeka vastu kI sImA hai, para kyA aisI bhI koI vastu hai, jisake prabhAva kI mApa nahIM hai?" yudhiSThira ne yahI uttara diyA--"gostu mAtrA na vidyate", arthAt sabakI mAtrA hai, sImA hai; para gau kI nhiiN| eka Ama ke bIja se jo vRkSa hotA hai, usameM saikar3oM mana Ama lagate haiM aura yadi una saba guThaliyoM ko boyA jAye, to sArI bhUmi hI 40 40 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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Amramaya bana jaaye| isaprakAra bhUmi - rUpI gau kI mAtrA nahIM A~kI jA sktii| aise hI pazu-rUpI gau dasa varSa meM eka se dasa, dasa se sau aura sau se sahasra bana jAtI hai / vidyA- rUpI gau kA utpAdana to ananta hI hai| usase bhI asIma aura apAra usa vizvazakti kA prajanana hai, jise vedoM meM aura purANoM meM kAmadughA yA kAmadhenu, vizvadhAtrI aura vizvarUpA gau kahA gayA hai / jitanA vizva hai, saba usI se janma letA hai / vaha sabakI mAtA hai / svayaM prajApati-puruSa usakA pati hai, jisakI anantavarSa - zakti se yaha vizvAtmikA- kAmadhenu zAzvatakAla aura deza meM garbhita hotI hai / isa gau kA hI eka nAma 'virAja' hai / yaha 'kAmadughA' hai| pratyeka vyakti ke mana meM jo kAmanA hai, vahI isakA dugdha hai| jo jaisA cAhatA hai, vaisA prApta karatA hai / yahI jIvana kA niyama hai| jisakI jaisI zraddhA hai, vahI usakA rUpa hai| saba kAmanAoM kI samaSTi yA saba icchAoM kA samUha vizva kI isa bar3I kAmadhenu kA dugdha hai / usI kA bhoga saba mAnava prApta karate haiM / jIvana kA 'svastika' isake cAra thanoM puSTa hotA hai| se yaha RSiyoM ko jJAna, devoM ko amRta yA prANa, pitaroM ko soma' aura manuSyoM ko anna tRpta karatI hai| vedoM meM kahA hai ki isa 'kAmadhenu' yA 'kAmagavI' ke sahasrarUpa haiM, jo pratyeka vyakti meM nivAsa karate haiM / hamAre mana ke vicAra aura prANoM kI kriyAyeM yA vRttiyA~ unameM se 999 gauyeM haiM / vaha jo antima eka gau hai, vahI hRdaya meM sthita Izvara-tattva kI eka razmi yA jyoti hai, jo zatAyu - jIvana kA saMcAlana karatI hai / isa gau ko saba devoM kI mAtA 'aditi' bhI kahA gayA hai / amRta kA prasava karanevAlI yaha svayaM bhI amara hai / ise 'aghnyA' yA 'avadhya' kahA gayA hai| manuSya ko cAhiye ki apane jJAna aura karma ke saba vyavahAroM meM isaprakAra barate ki jIvana meM bhare hue gau-tattva kA kalyANa ho / dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa, isa gau ke cAra thana haiN| unake dUdha se milanevAlA poSaNa hI jIvana kA bala hai| isa puSTi se tRpta honevAlA bachar3A pratyeka vyakti kA mana hai| janma lekara koI bhI isa gau kA dugdha piye binA nahIM raha sktaa| vahI kuzala vatsa hai, jo isa mAtA ke cAroM thanoM ke dugdha kA lAbha uThAtA hai / use hI mAtA se milanevAle varadAna kA pUrA phala milatA hai| Adarza sAMskRtika - jIvana vahI hai, jisameM isa dugdha kA pUrA pAna kiyA adhUrA nahIM / - (sAbhAra uddhRta, bhAratIya dharma - mImAMsA, pRSTha 128-129) jAye, 1. sudhAsUte sudhotpattiH / "varNAzcatvAra ete hi yeSAM brAhmI sarasvatI / vihitA brahmaNA pUrva lobhAdajJAnatAM gatAH / / " - ( mahAbhArata, zAMtiparva, mokSadharma, 12/18/15, pUnA saMskaraNa, 1954, pR0 1025 ) ** prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara '2001 0041

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mAMsAhAra : eka samIkSA -AcArya mahAprajJa pro0 DI0ena0 jhA kI pustaka se utpanna vivAda evaM vibhobha se sampUrNa jainasamAja vikSubdha rahA hai| vastuta: yaha pustaka satahI pracAra pAne kI dRSTi se likhI gayI thI aura isakA uddezya una videzI kaMpaniyoM aura pAzcAtya dharmoM ko saMbala pradAna karanA thA, jo bhArata meM mAMsahAra kA pracAra-prasAra kara yahA~ kI saMskRti ko vikRta karanA cAhate haiN| bhAratIya saMskRti ke mahApuruSoM ko mAMsAhArI siddha karane kI ceSTA ke pIche yahI abhiprAya thA ki apane mahApuruSoM ko mAMsAhArI jAnane ke bAda bhArata kI janatA mAMsAhAra ko apanA Adarza-bhojana mAnane meM Apatti nahIM kregii| saMbhavata: pro0 DI0ena0 jhA bhI apane pUjya mahApuruSoM ko mAMsAhArI nahIM mAnate hoNge| phira bhI arthalobha evaM pracAra ke AkarSaNa meM ve aisA likha baiI haiM, jisase bahuta bhrama phaila sakatA haiM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAre meM yaha bhrama zvetAmbara jaina-paramparA ke graMtha 'bhagavatI sUtra' ke eka ullekha ke AdhAra para phailAyA gayA thA, kyoMki digambara-paramparA ke graMthoM meM to bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAre meM aisI bhrAmaka kalpanA bhI kahIM nahIM kI gayI hai| ata: zvetAmbara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAre meM aisI bhrAmaka kalpanA bhI kahIM nahIM kI gayI hai| ata: zvetAmbara jaina-paramparA ke vartamAna eka prAmANika AcArya dvArA isa viSaya meM jo spaSTIkaraNa prastuta kiye gaye haiM, ve 'prAkRtavidyA' ke jijJAsu pAThakoM ke lie mananArtha prastuta haiN| -sampAdaka dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke pro0 DI0ena0 jhA dvArA likhita "Holy cow - beef in Indian Dietary Conditions" pustaka meM aneka dharmoM ke pramukha mahApuruSoM kA AhAra-saMbaMdhI vivaraNa diyA hai, usameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mAMsAhAra kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa viSaya meM pahale hama vidvAn lekhaka ko kucha kahanA cAhate haiN| unhoMne kucha pustakoM ke AdhAra para bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mAMsAhAra kI dhAraNA banA lI aura apanI pustaka meM usakA ullekha kara diyaa| yaha zodhapUrNa prAmANika-itihAsa kA tarIkA nahIM hai| pustaka ke lekhaka ko prAmANika mUla-srotoM se sahI-tathya ko jAnanA caahie| sahI-jAnakArI ke bAda ve likhate, to ahetuka-vivAda khar3A nahIM hotA tathA jaina-samAja meM bhI Akroza kA vAtAvaraNa nahIM bntaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janma-jayaMtI kA varSa, usake sAtha ghoSita huA hai 'ahiMsA varSa' / 00 42 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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hamArA kartavya hai ki hama isa apriya-ghaTanA kA prativAda ahiMsAtmaka-tarIke se kreN| Aja kI prativAda karane kI hiMsAtmaka yA uttejanAtmaka-zailI hamAre lie ucita nahIM hogii| sahI-tathyoM kI jAnakArI karAne para vidvAn-lekhaka pustaka ko vApisa le letA hai, to acchI bAta / yadi nahIM letA hai, to phira isake viSaya meM ucita-kAryavAhI ke bAre meM socA jAnA caahie| ___eka zabda ke aneka artha hote haiM aura usakA aneka saMdarbho meM prayoga hotA haiM 'kAvyAnuzAsana' Adi sAhitya ke lAkSaNika-granthoM meM usakA bahuta sundara vivecana milatA hai| yadi bhojana karate samaya koI AdamI kahe ki "saiMdhava lAo". to vahA~ eka samayajJa-vyakti saindhava-ghor3A (siMdhu deza kA uttama ghor3A) lAkara khar3A nahIM karegA; kintu vaha saindhava-namaka (saiMdhA namaka) lAkara upasthita kara degaa| cikitsA ke sandarbha meM vicAra karate samaya Ayurveda meM prayukta zabdoM ke arthoM para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| kapota-zarIra saMskRta-zabdakoza' ke anusAra kapota' kabUtara kA vAcaka hai| 'AyurvedIya-zabdakoza' ke anusAra kapota kA eka paryAyavAcI nAma pArAvata' hai| pArAvata' ke phala kabUtara ke aNDoM ke samAna hote haiN| 'pArAvatapadI' Ayurveda meM kAkamajaMghA' ko kahate haiN| 'dhanvantari nighaNTu' (pR0189) meM kAkajaMghA ko kAkamAcI-vizeSa mAnA hai| kAkamAcI' zabda makoya zAka' kA vAcaka hai| ___"sArAmlaka: sAraphalo rasAlazca paaraavt:|" -(325) "kapotANDopamaphalo mahApArAvato'paraH / / " - (kaiyadeva nighaNTu, auSadhivarga, pR0 62) "kAkajaMghA dhvaMkSajaMghA, kAkapAdA tu lomshaa| pArAvatapadI dAsI, nadIkrAMtA prciiblaa||" -(dhanvantari nighaNTu, 4/20, pR0 186) vanaspatizAstra meM kapotA, kapotavegA, kapotavallI' jaise zabdoM kA prayoga milatA haikapotA, kapotI - sAkSyAdigaNe rsaussdhivishessH| kapotavegA - braahmii| kapotavallI - suukssmailaa| -(dravyaguNakoSaH, pR0 39) vanaspatizAstra meM pArAvatapadI' kA prayoga kAkajaMghA, jyotiSmatI aura haMsapadI bheda ke lie huA hai| (dra0 dravyaguNakoSa:, pR0 112) 'bhAvaprakAza nighaNTa' ke anekArtha-nAmavarga meM bhI isakA prayoga 'jyotiSmatI' (mAlakAMganI) ke lie huA hai| -(bhAvaprakAzanighaNTu, pR0799) usake anusAra pArAvatapadI kAkajaMghA-makoya' viSamajvaranAzaka, kaphapittazAmaka, carmaroganAzaka hai| prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 43

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"kAkajaMghA himA tiktA kaSAyA kaphapittajit / nihanti jvarapittAsravaNakaNDUviSakRmIn / / -(bhAva prakAza nighaNTu, pR0 441) Agama-sAhitya meM 'vanaspati' ke sAtha 'zarIra' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai-- puDhavI-sarIraM, Au-sarIraM, teu-sarIraM, vAu-sarIraM, vnnssi-sriirN|| - (sUyagaDo, 2/3/36) / mAjaura 'saMskRta-zabdakoza' ke anusAra mArjAra' zabda billI kA vAcaka hai| AyurvedIya-zabdakoza' ke anusAra 'mArjAra' zabda 'citraka' kA vAcaka hai| "kAlo vyAla: kAlamUlo'pi dIpyo, mArjArognidAhaka: pAvakazca / citrAMgo'yaM raktacitro mahAMga:, syadrudAhazcitrakonyo guNADhyaH / / __-(rAjanighaTuvarga, 6/46, pR0 143) Ayurveda meM citrakUla' kA prayoga satatajvara meM kiyA jAtA hai| kukkuTa 'saMskRta-zabdakoza' ke anusAra 'kukkuTa' murge kA vAcaka hai| AyurvedIya zabdakoza ke anusAra 'kukkuTa' zitivAra (copatiyA zAka) kA vAcaka hai "zitivAra: zitivara: svastika: suniSaNNakaH / zrIvAraka: sUcipatra: parNaka: kukkuTa: shikhii||" -(bhAvaprakAza-nighaNTu, zAkavarga, pR0 673-674) vanaspatizAstra meM 'zitivAra' ke lie 'kukkuTa' kA prayoga huA hai--"kukkuTa: zitivAra: murgA iti loke / kukkuTacUr3Avat puSpavyUhatvAt / " -(dravyaguNakoSaH, pR0 43; dhanvantarinighaNTu, 1/155) 'zitivAra' kA prayoga dIpana aura agnimAMdya ko dUra karane ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| isakA zAka tridoSaghna aura jvaranAzaka hai| mAMsa __ AyurvedIya-granthoM meM chAla' ke lie tvacA' aura 'gUde' ke lie mAMsa' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| 'aSTAMga-saMgraha' meM 'bhilAve ke gUde' ke lie 'mAMsa' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA haikaiyadeva nighaNTu' meM bhI gUde ke lie mAMsa' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai "ussnn-vaat-kph-shvaas-kaas-tRssnnaa-vmiprnnut| tasya tvak kaTu tiktoSNA, gurvI snigdhA ca durjarA / / 1044 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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kRmi zleSmAnilahara: mAMsaM svAdu himaM guru / brahaNaM zleSmalaM snigdhaM pittamArutanAzanam / / " -(kaiyadeva-nighaNTu, auSadhivarga zloka 255, 256) vanaspatizAstra meM mAMsala phala kA matIre ke artha meM prayoga huA hai __ "mAMsalaphala: kaalindii|" aneka zabda aise haiM, jinakA prayoga prANizAstra aura vanaspatizAstra - donoM meM samAnarUpa se huA hai| yadi zAstrIya-saMdarbha ke binA unakA artha kiyA jAye, to asamaMjasa kI sthiAti paidA ho sakatI hai| isa viSaya meM asamaMjasa kA hetu hai, AcAra-zAstrIya saMdarbha ke binA kiyA jAnevAlA zabda kA arth| saMdarbha AcAra zAstra kA 'muni' ke lie aneka-vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, unameM eka vizeSaNa hai 'amajjamaMsAsI' arthAt madya-mAMsa kA varjana krnevaalaa| jaina-zrAvaka bhI madya-mAMsa kA prayoga nahIM karate the| sUtrakRtAMga' meM jIva aura zarIra ko eka mAnane kA eka dArzanika-pakSa hai| usa pakSa ke viSaya meM vimarza karate hue jaina-zrAvakoM ne kahA--"yadi punarjanma nahIM hai, to hama madya-mAMsa kA varjana karate haiM, upavAsa karate haiM, vaha hamArI kriyA nirarthaka ho jaaegii|" / ___muni aura zrAvaka donoM hI madya-mAMsa kA sevana nahIM karate the| isa avasthA meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra dvArA mAMsa-sevana kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| sandarbha-graMtha 1. (ka) sUtrakRtAMga, 2/2/66 / (kha) praznavyAkaraNa, 6/6 / (ga) dazavaikAlika cUlikA, 2/7 / 2. vRhatkalpabhASya, gAthA 1141 / 3. sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi, pRSTha 316- iharahA hi majja maMsaM pariharAmo uvavAsaM karemo NiratthayaM cev| 4. bhagavaI vRtti, patra 691 / vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha hai "vyavahAro'bhUtArtho bhUtArtho dezitastu zuddhanaya: / zuddhanayamAzritA ye prApnuvanti yataya: padaM paramam / / " -(padmanaMdipaMcaviMzati nizcayapaMcAzata 11 adhikAra) artha :- vyavahAranaya abhUtArtha kahA gayA hai aura zuddhanaya bhUtArtha kahA gayA hai| jo yatigaNa zuddhanaya kA Azraya lete haiM, ve utkRSTa pada (mokSa) ko prApta karate haiN| ata: jinheM vyavahAranaya ko abhUtArtha mAnane meM Apatti hai aura jo ise apanA pratiSThA kA prazna banA rahe haiM; ve vicAreM ki aisA pUrvAgraha unheM sampUrNa Agama-paramparA aura AcArya-paramparA ke viruddha khar3A kara degaa| ** prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 10 45

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prAkRta-graMthoM meM jina-sAdhuoM kA nivAsa aura vihAra-caryA kA svarUpa -DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala digambara-zramaNacaryA apane Apa meM atyanta kaThina hai tathA isakA vizada-prarUpaNa jaina-Agama-granthoM meM evaM AcAramUlaka-sAhitya meM pracura-parimANa meM prApta hotA hai| jahA~ eka ora yaha prarUpaNa zramaNacaryA kI nispRhatA evaM vaiziSTya ko batAtA hai, vahIM isakI vyAvahArika prayogavidhi kA bhI isase samyak-pratibodha hotA hai| vizvabhara ke dArzanika evaM AcAraparaka-sAhitya meM jaina-zramaNacaryA kA dArzanika evaM prAyogika-pakSa sadaiva se AkarSaNa evaM utsukatA jAgRta karatA rahA hai| isakA saMkSipta, | saMtulita evaM preraNAspada prastutIkaraNa prastuta Alekha meM huA hai| -sampAdaka | jinendradeva ke zAsana meM 'mArga' aura 'mArgaphala' ye do kahe haiN| maggo khalu sammattaM, maggaphalaM hodi NivvANaM' nizcayarUpa se 'samyaktva' mArga hai, aura usakA phala 'nirvANa' hai|' vItarAgatA kI prApti-hetu jinazAsana meM samyaktvadhArI sAdhu-saMgha kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| ' gRhatyAga kara zramaNatva vahI svIkAratA hai, jisake aMtaraMga meM mithyAtva aura krodhAdi tIna kaSAya-caukar3I kA upazama yA kSaya ho gayA ho, tathA jo bAhya meM sarvaparigraha se rahita ho| samyaktvadhArI-puruSa hI cAritravAn hotA hai| Agama meM 'akasAyaM tu caritta' arthAt kaSAya rahita honA cAritra' kahA hai| kaSAya ke vaza meM huA jIva asayaMta hotA hai| jisa kAla meM upazamabhAva ko prApta hotA hai, usa kAla meM vaha saMyata hotA hai| Atmazodhana kI dRSTi se sAdhutva eka ativiziSTatA hai| vaha Aropita na hokara sahaja hotA hai| jaba kisI bhavya mahAnubhAva meM AtmakalyANa evaM AtmArAdhana kI bhAvanA prabala hotI hai, tabhI vaha viSaya-bhogoM evaM saMsAra se virakta hokara parivAra kI svIkRti-sahita dIkSA-grahaNa kara kaSAyoM kA upazama/kSaya karane-hetu sAdhutvapanA aMgIkAra karatA hai| vaha deza-kAla se prabhAvita hue binA paramArtharUpa se jinezvarI-mArga aMgIkAra kara kAraNaparamAtmA ke Azraya se kArya-paramAtmA hone hetu udyata rahatA hai| isIkAraNa aise sAdhujana parama-digambara, nispRhI, nirmohI, aparigrahI, vItarAgI ho bhagavat-svarUpa pUjya aura navadhAbhakti ke pAtra evaM vaMdanIya hote haiN| AcArya kundakunda upanAma vaTTakera ne 'mUlAcAra' meM tathA 0046 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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AcArya zivakoTi ne 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM sAdhuoM ke aMtara-bAhya svarUpa, AcAra-vyavahAra evaM caryA kA vistRta-varNana kiyA hai, jo AtmArthIjanoM ko mUlata: paThanIya aura mananIya hai| prastuta Alekha meM sAdhu-saMgha ke nivAsa, nivAsa kI avadhi evaM vihAra Adi kA varNana kiyA hai, jo isaprakAra haisAdhu-saMgha kA nivAsa-sthala aura nivAsa-kAla Atmazodhana kI jaina-dArzanika-prakriyA pUrNata: manovaijJAnika, vyavahArika aura AtmAbhimukhI hai| isameM mAnavIya kamajoriyoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| ekAkI puruSa svacchaMdI ho jAtA hai aura mAnavIya kamajoriyoM kA sahaja hI zikAra ho jAtA hai ata: zramaNoM ko saMgha meM rahane aura sasaMgha vihAra karane kI jinezvarI AjJA hai| __ 'mUlAcAra' ke 'anagArabhAvanAdhikAra' ke anusAra sAdhu zarIra se nirmama hone se AvAsa rahita haiN| jahA~ sUrya asta hotA hai, vahIM Thahara jAte haiM, kisI se pratibaddha nahIM haiN| ve bijalI ke samAna dikhate aura cale jAte haiN| varSAyoga ke (cAturmAsa ke) apavAda ko chor3akara sAdhu dhairyavAna prAsuka-vihArI haiM aura strI, pazu tathA napuMsaka Adi se varjita ekAnta-pradeza meM nivAsa karate haiN| mUlAcAra' kI mUla-gAthA isaprakAra hai : gAmeyarAdivAsI Nayare paMcAhavAsiyo dhiiraa| savaNA phAsa-vihArI vivitta-egaMtavAsI ya / / __eka sthAna para adhika samaya Thaharane se auddezika' Adi kA doSa Ate haiM aura sthAna se moha bhI ho jAtA hai| sAdhuoM kA vihAra 'aniyata' kahalAtA hai| 'mUlAcAra' kI gAthA 911 meM zramaNoM ke 'daza kalpa' batAye haiN| inameM eka 'mAsa-kalpa' hai| isake aMtargata lokasthiti evaM ahiMsAdi-vratoM ke pAlanArtha varSAyoga-grahaNa ke eka-mAsa-pUrva yA eka-mAsabAda taka ThaharA jA sakatA hai| isIprakAra pratyeka Rtu meM eka-eka mAsa paryaMta kisI-sthAna para Thahara kara dUsare mAsa meM vihAra karanA caahiye| ise 'mAsaikavAsatA' kahate haiN| kalpaparisthitijanya- vikalpa yA guNa-doSAnusAra nirNaya kA sUcaka hai| ___ sAdhu-saMgha ekAnta-vasatikA, parvata ke taTa, kaTaka, kandarAoM aura guphA yA zmazAna Adi meM rahakara jinavacanoM kA utsAha-citta se anuciMtana karate hue nivAsa karatA hai| unakA nivAsa-sthAna (vasatikA) meM mamatva nahIM hotaa| bodhapAhuDa' gAthA 42 meM bhI dIkSA-yogya sthAna dazati hue kahA hai-- sUnAghara, vRkSa kA mUla, koTara, udyAna, vana, zmazAna-bhUmi, parvata kI guphA yA zikhara, bhayAnaka vana aura vasatikA meM dIkSA-sahita sAdhu tthhreN| sAdhu aura AryikAoM ke pRthak nivAsa sthAna 'mUlAcAra' meM sAdhusaMgha aura AryikA-saMgha ke pRthak-pRthak nivAsa kA nirdeza hai aura AryikAoM ke AvAsa meM municaryA evaM saMsarga varjita kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM gAthA 177 se gAthA 196 mUlata: paThanIya hai| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 247

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rAtri-nivAsa kA svarUpa aura siddhatva kI khoja ____ sAdhugaNa sadA hiMsra jantuoM se cAroM tarapha se ghire bhayaMkara andhakArayukta gahana-vana meM rAtri meM dharma meM anurakta hue parvata kI guphAoM meM nivAsa karate haiN|' paryakAsana, vIrAsana yA utkuTikAsana se baiThe hue yA eka karavaTa se leTe hue yA khar3e hue sAdhugaNa rAtri vyatIta karate haiN| svAdhyAya aura dhyAna meM tatpara hue ve rAtri ke prathama aura aMtima prahara meM nahIM sote aura sUtra va artha kA cintavana kA takiyA lagAkara eka karavaTa sote haiN|' isaprakAra upAdhi akiMcana, parizuddha-sAdhu siddhatva kI khoja karate rahate haiN| aise sAdhu triyogapUrvaka vaMdanIya haiN| vivikta zayyAsana tapa aura nirdoSa sAdhuAvAsa (vasatikA) / 'vivikta-zayyAsana tapa' kA sambandha sAdhu-nivAsa (vasatikA) se hai| jo prAsuka ho, jisa vasatikA meM rAga tathA dveSa ke bhAvoM ko utpanna karanevAle manojJa-amanojJa, rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza aura zabda na pAye jAyeM, tathA jahA~ para svAdhyAya aura dhyAna meM vighna upasthita na ho, aura striyAM, napuMsakoM asaMyamiyoM aura pazuoM kA saMcAra na ho, usa vasatikA (sthAna) ko vivikta' kahate haiN| aisI vasatikA meM rahane aura sone ko vivikta-zayyAsana tapa' kahA hai| ___ 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' kI gAthA 235 (dillI prakAzana) meM vasatikA ke bAre meM spaSTa nirdeza hai ki jisaprakAra sAdhu chiyAlIsa doSa-rahita vasatikA grahaNa karate haiN| solaha prakAra ke udgama-doSa, solaha prakAra ke sAdhu ke Azraya se honevAle utpAdana-doSa, daza prakAra ke eSaNA-doSa tathA saMyojanA, apramANa, dhUpa aura aMgAra -aise chiyAlIsa doSa-rahita vasatikA meM sAdhu pramANakAla taka rhe|" adhaHkarma-vasatikA kA doSa : sAdhutva-nAza __isake atirikta sAdhutva ko bhraSTa karanevAlA 'adha:karma' arthAt sabase nimna-karma kA doSa hai, jo sabase mahAn doSa hai| jina kAryoM se jIva-hiMsA hotI hai, unheM 'adha:karma' kahate haiN| isase sAdhu ke mahAvratoM kA nAza hotA hai| sAdhujana adha:karma-yukta kisI bhI kArya/padArtha kI mana-vacana-kAya se anumodanA nahIM karate aura na hI aisA AhAra va nivAsa-sthAna grahaNa karate haiN| ukta gAthA kI TIkA ke anusAra vRkSoM ko kATakara lAnA, IToM ko pakAnA, kIcar3a karanA, khaMbhe taiyAra karanA, agni se lohe ko tapAnA va ghanoM se kUTanA, karautA se kATha cIranA, basUle se chIlanA, pharase se chedanA ityAdi nAnAprakAra kI kriyAoM se chaha-kAya ke jIvoM ko pIr3A dekara jo vasatikA svayaM banAI ho yA banavAI ho, to vaha 'adha:karma doSavAlI vasatikA' hai| isake sevana se sAdhupanA naSTa hotA hai|" nirdoSa-vasatikA meM nivAsa se pariNAmoM meM saMkleza nahIM hone se citta meM paramavizuddhi hotI hai aura AtmasvabhAva meM sthira hone se karmoM ke Asrava kA abhAva hokara saMvara aura nirjarA hotI hai| 40 48 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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vihAracaryA kI zuddhi aura IryA-samiti ___jinezvarI AjJA hai ki sAdhugaNa zAstra-zravaNa, tIrthayAtrA, gurudarzana Adi ke prayojana se Age kI cAra-hAtha-pramANa bhUmi dekhakara prAsukamArga se IryAsamiti arthAt samyak jAgarukatApUrvaka gamana kreN|" mArga meM prakAza-zuddhi, upayoga-zuddhi aura avalambana sAdhugaNa parigraharahita hote hue gamana kreN|" vihAra-zuddhi-hetu sAdhugaNa parigraha-rahita, nirapekSa, svacchaMdavihArI vAyu ke samAna pRthvI taka para jIvadayAbhAva-sahita bhramaNa karate haiN| isase IryApathajanya karmabaMdha nahIM hotaa| sAdhagaNa jJAna-prakAza se jIva-ajIva ke bheda ko acchI taraha jAnakara sAvadyarUpa doSa kA sarvathA tyAgakara dete haiN|" vihAra karate samaya ve vItarAga tIrthaMkaroM ke jJAna, darzana, caritra evaM vIrya tathA vairAgya kI bhAvanA bhAte haiN|" aise sAdhugaNa zarIra se nirapekSa, iMdriyajayI, AtmA kA damana karate hue dhairyarUpI kI rassI kA avalambana lete hue saMsAra ke kAraNoM kA nAza karate haiN|" sAdhu-saMgha kA aniyata vihAra : lAbha aura uddezya 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' ke 'aniyata-vihAra adhikAra' meM sAdhuoM ke eka sthAna para na rahakara vividha-dezoM meM binA kAryakrama nizcita kiye vihAra karane ko 'aniyata-vihAra' kahA hai| 'aniyata-vihAra' se (1) samyagdarzana kI zuddhi, (2) ratnatraya meM sthitIkaraNa, (3) pariSaha-sahanarUpa bhAvanA, (4) atizayarUpa artha-kuzalatA aura (5) kSetra-parimArga kA bodha hotA hai|" aniyata-vihAra ke ina pA~ca uddezyoM kA varNana 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' meM gAthA 148 se gAthA 157 taka kiyA hai, jo paThanIya hai| aniyata-vihAra karane se vasatikA, upakaraNa, grAma-nagara, saMgha-zrAvaka Adi se mamatA kA baMdhana nahIM hotaa| yaha vasatikA hamArI aura maiM isakA svAmI' - isaprakAra kA saMkalpa-vikalpa nahIM hotA aura sarvapara-dravya, para-kSetra, para-kAla aura para-bhAvoM Adi meM pariNAma nahIM baMdhatA; isakAraNa vihAra aniyata hotA ekAkI vihAra kA niSedha jinadIkSA meM sAdhuoM ke nivAsa aura vihAra meM ekAkIpanA svacchaMdatA kA poSaka hone se niSiddha hai| 'mUlAcAra' ke sAmAcArAdhikAra meM kahA hai" sacchaMda-gadAgadI sayaNa-NisayaNA-dANa bhikkhavo srnne| - sacchaMda jaMparoci yamAme sattavi egaagii|| -(gAthA 150) artha :- gamana-Agamana, sonA-baiThanA, kisI vastu ko grahaNa karanA, AhAra lenA aura mUla-mUtra virsajana karanA --ina kAryoM meM jo svacchaMda-pravRtti karanevAlA hai aura bolane meM bhI svacchaMda-rucivAlA hai, aisA merA zatru bhI ekala-vihArI na hove| svecchA kI pravRtti meM guru kI niMdA, zruta kA vinAza, tIrtha kI malinatA, mUDhatA, AkulatA, kuzIlatA aura pArzvastha doSa Ate haiN| isase aneka ApattiyA~ bhI AtIM haiN| prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 10 49

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kA~Te, DhU~Dha, virodhIjana, kuttA-gau, Adi aura mlecchajanoM se athavA viSa-ajIrNa Adi doSoM se apaneApa meM vipattiyA~ bhI AtI haiN| ekAkI rahanevAle ko jina-AjJA kA ullaMghana, anavasthA (ati prasaMga), mithyAtva kA sevana, AtmanAza arthAt samyagdarzana-jJAna-caritra kI virAdhanA aura saMyama kI virAdhanA arthAt viSayoM kI pravRtti evaM avirata-pariNAmoM kI vRddhi, ye pA~ca pApasthAna mAne gaye haiN| saMkSepa meM jahA~ AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira aura gaNadhara nahIM haiM, vahA~ para rahanA ucita nahIM hai| ekAkI-vihArI pApa-zramaNa 'mUlAcAra' ke samayasArAdhikAra ke anusAra jo zramaNa AcArya-saMgha ko chor3akara ekAkI-vihAra karatA hai aura upadeza-grahaNa nahIM karatA, vaha pApa-zramaNa' hai| isIprakAra jo pahale ziSyatva na karake AcArya hone kI jaldI karatA hai, vaha 'DhoDhAcArya' hai| vaha madonmatta-hAthI ke samAna niraMkuza-bhramaNa karatA hai|" ____ 'suttapAhuDa' meM bhI jina sUtra (jinAjJA) se cyuta hokara svacchaMdI-sAdhu ko pAparUpa evaM mithyAtvI kahA hai, bhale hI vaha siMhavRttirUpa bahuta tapazcaraNa karatA ho aura bar3A-padadhArI yA saMghanAyaka ho| ekAkI vihAra ke do apavAda jinazAsana meM nimna do apavAdoM meM ekAkI-vihAra evaM ekAkI-nivAsa svIkAra kiyA hai| (i) apane dIkSA-guru se sampUrNa zrutajJAna grahaNakara jaba koI pratibhAvAna, guNa-sampanna sAdhu anya-zAstroM ke adhyayana-hetu kisI dUsare saMgha meM jAnA cAhatA hai, taba vaha apane guru se vinayapUrvaka AjJA lekara do, tIna yA cAra sAdhuoM-sahita saMgha chor3akara vihAra kara sakatA hai|" . AgaMtuka-sAdhuoM ke sAtha dUsare saMgha ke AcArya aura sAdhuoM dvArA kiye jAne vAle vyavahAra kA varNana gAthA 160 se lekara 176 taka kiyA hai, jo paThanIya hai| SaTkhaNDAgama' ke raciyatA bhagavatsvarUpa AcArya puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ekAkI-vihAra ke Adya-pramANa haiM, jinhoMne siddhAntamarmajJa zrImad bhagavat dharasenAcArya ke pAsa Akara siddhAnta-jJAna grahaNa kiyA thaa| ___(ii) ekala-vihArI hone kI jinAjJA una guNa-viziSTa sAdhuoM ko hai, jo tapa, sUtra, sattva, ekatvabhAva, saMhanana aura dhairya Adi guNoM se paripUrNa haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki tapovRddha, jJAnavRddha, AcArakuzala, va Agamakuzala guNa-viziSTa sAdhu ko hI akele vihAra karane kI sammati hai, aisI jinAjJA hai|" kutrApa dAna kA phala durlabha jinezvarI-dIkSA dhAraNa karake jinAjJA kA ullaMghana kara mAyAcAra evaM AhArAdi cAra saMjJAoM meM anurakta rahanevAle, gRhasthAdika kAryoM meM saMlagna tathA samyaktva kI virAdhanA Adi avakArya karanevAle jinaliMgI tathA kupAtroM ko dAna denevAle gRhastha, kubhogabhUmi meM janma lete haiN| ata: vItarAgapatha ke sabhI pathika jinezvarI-AjJA ke darpaNa meM apane bhAvoM evaM 00 50 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara '2001

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caryA kA samyak avalokana kareM aura bhAvasahita jinezvarI-AjJA kA pAlana karate hue kAryaparamAtmA-svarUpa hoM, yahI bhAvanA hai| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. saMdarbha kra0 1,2,3,4 evaM 5 AcArya vaTTakera, 'mUlAcAra' gAthA kramaza: 202,984, 786,787 evaM 789-7941 2. saMdarbha kaM0 6 AcArya kundakunda, bodhapAhuDa' gAthA 42 / 3. saMdarbha kaM0 7, 8, 9, evaM 10 AcArya vaTTakera, 'mUlAcAra' gAthA kramaza: 795, 797, 796 evaM 7981 4. saMdarbha kaM0 11 evaM 12, AcArya zivakoTI, 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' gAthA 235 evaM gAthA 235 kI TIkA pRSTha 104 / 5. saMdarbha kaM0 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 evaM 18 AcArya vaTTakera, 'mUlAcAra' gAthA kramaza: 11,302 303,799-800,801,810 evaM 811 / 6. saMdarbha kaM0 19 evaM 20 AcArya zivakoTI, 'bhagavatI ArAdhanA' gAthA kramaza: 147 evaM 158 / 7. saMdarbha kaM0 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 evaM 27 AcArya vaTTakera, 'mUlAcAra' gAthA kramaza: 150, ___151, 152, 154, 155,961 evaM 962 / 8. saMdarbha kaM0 28 AcArya kuMdakuMda, 'sUtrapAhuDa', gAthA 9 / . 9. saMdarbha kaM0 29 evaM 30 AcArya vaTTakera, 'mUlAcAra' gAthA kramaza: 145-147 evaM 149 / 10. saMdarbha kaM0 31 jainendra varNI, jainendra siddhAnta koSa, bhAga 1, pR0 488 / / 11. saMdarbha kraM0 32,1 AcArya sUryasAgara, 'saMyama prakAza' pUrvArddha, dvitIya bhaag| 'netA' ke lakSaNa netA vinIto madhurastyAgI dakSa: priyaMvadaH / raktalokaH zucirvAgmI rUpavaMza: sthiro yuvA / / buddhcutsaah-smRti-prjnyaa-klaa-maan-smnvit:| zUro dRDhazca tejasvI zAstracakSuzca dhArmikaH / / " - (dazarUpakam, 2-1/2) artha :- netA vinayavAn hotA hai, madhurabhASI hotA hai, tyAgavRtti vAlA hotA hai, (apanA kArya karane meM) nipuNa hotA hai, priyavacana bolatA hai, lokapriya hotA hai, pavitra jIvanavAlA | hotA hai, vAgmI (vaktRtvakalA meM niSNAta) hotA hai, pratiSThita vaMzavAlA (arthAt jinake vaMza meM kalaMkita jIvana kisI kA bhI na ho) hotA hai, sthira cittavAlA hotA hai, yuvA (karmaTha) hotA hai, buddhi-utsAha-smRtikSamatA-prajJA-kalA-sammAna se samanvita hotA hai, zUravIra hotA hai, dRr3hamanasvI hotA hai, yuvA (karmaTha) hotA hai, buddhi-utsAha-smRtikSamatA- prajJA-kalA-sammAna | se samanvita hotA hai, zUravIra hotA hai, dRDhamanasvI hotA hai, tejavAn hotA hai, zAstracakSuH (arthAt zAstraviruddha kArya kabhI bhI na karanevAlA) hotA hai aura dharmaprANa hotA hai| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 40 51

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'brAhmI lipi aura jaina-paramparA -DaoN0 ravIndra kumAra vaziSTha 'brAhmI lipi' vizva kI samasta lipiyoM kI jananI hai-- yaha mAtra zraddhAvaza yA bhakti ke atireka meM kiyA gayA kathana nahIM hai, apitu lipivijJAna kI dRSTi se varNAkRtiyoM ke vikAsa evaM lekhanazailI kI dRSTi se bhI yaha eka mahattvapUrNa prarUpaNa hai aisA nirvivAda manISiyoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| bhAratIya paramparA ke granthoM meM isa bAre meM jo ullekha milate haiM, unakA saMkSipata nirUpaNa isa lekha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne zramapUrvaka kiyA hai| AzA hai 'prAkRtavidyA' ke sudhI jijJAsupAThakoM ke lie yaha lekha avazya hI rocaka evaM jJAnavardhaka lgegaa| -sampAdaka 'brAhmI lipi' bhAratavarSa kI jJAta prAcInatama lipiyoM meM se pramukha lipi hai| Adhunika kAla meM pracalita aMgrejI aura urdU-bhASAoM ke lie prayukta lipiyoM ke atirikta anya samasta bhAratIya-lipiyoM kA janma 'brAhmI lipi' se hI huA hai| tibbatI, syAmI, siMhalI, thAI, jAvA, sumAtrA kI lipiyA~ 'brAhmI' se spaSTata: prabhAvita haiN| isa lipi kI gaNanA prAcIna bhAratIya dhArmika-granthoM meM sarvaprathama kI gaI hai| jainagranthoM 'paNNavaNAsutta' tathA 'samavAyAMgasutta' meM aTThAraha aura bauddha-grantha lalitavistara' meM cauMsaTha lipiyoM ke nAma uddhRta kie gae haiN| isa samasta racanAoM meM brAhmI-lipi' ko sarvaprathama sthAna diyA gayA hai| isIprakAra 'bhagavatIsUtra' ko 'namo baMbhIe livie' maMgalAcaraNa se brAhmI-lipi ko namaskAra karake prArambha kiyA gayA hai| ye varNana prAcInakAla meM brAhmI-lipi ke mahattvapUrNa-sthAna para prakAza DAlate haiN| brAhmIlipi ko vibhinna vidvAnoM ne 'sArvadezika lipi' mAnA hai| vidvadvareNya rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke sarvamAnya zabdoM meM "yadi koI eka brAhmI-lipi ko acchI taraha sIkha jAe, to vaha anya lipiyoM ko thor3e hI parizrama se sIkha sakatA hai|" brAhmI-lipi ke nAmakaraNa ke viSaya meM vibhinna-mata pracalita haiN| saMsAra kI samasta kRtiyoM ko Izvara ko samarpita karane kI bhAvanA prAcInakAla se bhAratIyoM ke mAnasa para chAyI rahI hai| isI paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue brAhmI-lipi ko brahma athavA brahmA se utpanna mAnA gayA hai| yaha eka zraddhA-yukta bhAvanA ko pradarzita karatA hai| eka cInI-vizvakoza 'phA-vAG-zu-lina' (660 I0) ke anusAra isa lipi ke racanAkAra tIna daivI-zaktivAle 00 52 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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AcArya the, jinameM sabase prasiddha 'brahmA' nAmaka AcArya the| inhIM ke nAma ke AdhAra para isa lipi kA nAma 'brAhmI' lipi pdd'aa| uparyukta donoM matoM meM koI vizeSa-bhinnatA nahIM hai| 'nAradasmRti' meM upalabdha varNana meM brahmA ke dvArA uttama-cakSusvarUpa lekhana (lipi) kI racanA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vidhAtA ke dvArA bhrAnti se bacAne ke lie patrArUr3ha akSaroM kI racanA kA 'Ahnikatatva' aura jyotistatva' meM prApta brahaspati ke vacanoM ko ojhA ne apanI racanA meM uddhRta kiyA hai| eka anya mata ke anusAra veda - jJAna kI rakSA ke lie AryoM ne brAhmI-lipi kA AviSkAra kiyaa| veda brahmajJAna mAnA gayA hai, tadanusAra isa lipi kA nAma 'brAhmI-lipi' pdd'aa| byUlara Adi kucha vidvAnoM kA vicAra hai ki brAhmaNoM ke dvArA isa lipi kA prayoga kie jAne ke kAraNa isa lipi kA nAma 'brAhmI-lipi' ho gyaa| isIprakAra eka mAnyatA yaha bhI hai ki isa lipi kA prayoga 'brahma deza' meM hone ke kAraNa ise 'brAhmI-lipi' saMjJA prApta huii| hindI vizvakoSa' ke mata ke anusAra "RSabhadeva ne hI sambhavata: lipi-vidyA ke lie kauzala kA udbhAvana kiyaa| RSabhadeva ne hI sambhavatata: zikSA ke lie upayogI brAhmI-lipi kA prayoga kiyA thaa|" ___RSabhadeva jaina-matAvalambiyoM ke Adi-tIrthaMkara haiN| inakA ullekha vedoM se lekara 'bhAgavata' taka pratyeka pramukha-grantha meM upalabdha hotA hai| Rgveda' meM mahAn parAkramI yuddha . meM ajeya RSabha ko indra ke dvArA yuddha kA sAmAna aura ratha bheMTa kie jAne kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| 'bhAgavata' meM dharmajJa tathA yogacaryA-yukta RSabhadeva kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| bhAgavata meM unheM Adi-manu svayambhU ke putra priyavrata ke prapautra, agnIdhra ke pautra tathA nAbhi ke putra ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| 'brahmANDapurANa' meM zreSTha-kSatriya ke rUpa meM inakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne jana-kalyANa ke lie kRSi-vidyA kA pravartana kiyA tathA kRSi-kArya meM sahAyaka vRSabha ko apane cihna ke rUpa meM bhI pracalita hai| mAnava-kalyANa ke lie jJAna denA unakA dUsarA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| unakI do putriyA~ tathA sau putra the| brAhmI aura sundarI unakI do putriyA~ thiiN| apane samasta putroM ke sAtha-sAtha unhoMne donoM putriyoM ko bhI sabhIprakAra kI vidyAoM kA jJAna pradAna kiyaa| Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ne donoM hAthoM se jJAna dete hue dAyeM hAtha se lipi-jJAna aura bAyeM hAtha se aMka-vidyA kI zikSA dii| 'purANasaMgraha' meM saMkalita 'AdinAthacarita' meM 'brAhmI' ko 'akSara-jJAna' tathA 'sundarI' ko 'aMka-vidyA' pradAna karane kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| isa lipi kA jJAna AdinAtha ne saMsAra meM ajJAna ko dUra karanevAlI aura jagat kA kalyANa-karanevAlI jyoti ke rUpa meM krvaayaa| 'bhagavatI sUtra' meM upalabdha-varNana ke AdhAra para 'abhidhAna-rAjendra-koSa' meM bhI isIprakAra kA uddharaNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai|" unake dvArA karavAye gaye jJAna se brAhmI lekhana-vijJAna meM pAraMgata ho gyiiN| brAhmI ne lipi kA rUpa grahaNa kara liyA tathA lipi ne brAhmI kA rUpa grahaNa kara liyaa| donoM prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 53

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ne eka-dUsare ko AtmasAt kara liyaa| ve donoM eka-dUsare meM samavAya ho gyiiN| ata: lipi kA nAma hI 'brAhmI lipi' ho gyaa| 'abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa' meM isa tathya kA spaSTa saMketa milatA hai| brAhmI ne apanI vilakSaNatA ke kAraNa sammAnanIya sthAna banA liyaa| ve apane tapobala se AryikA banIM tathA AryikAoM meM zreSTha bana gyiiN| ve apanI sAdhanA se jana-jana se pUjA kI adhikAriNI bana gyiiN| jJAna meM ve sarasvatI kA paryAya bana gyiiN| __ AcArya hemacandra ne bhI brAhmI kI gaNanA sarasvatI ke nau nAmoM meM kI hai| 'pratiSThAsAroddhAra' (6/33) meM 'zruta-skandha' kI sthApanA karake usakI stuti kA prAvadhAna brAhmI ke nyAsa-vidhAna ko karake brAhmI ke prati AsthA aura sammAna ko prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| 'zrutapaJcamI' ke dina kI jAne vAlI pUjA vAstava meM brAhmI kI/brAhmI lipi kI pUjA hai| kAlAntara kI eka racanA 'anagAradharmAmRta' (4/151) meM paM0 AzAdhara ne maitrI, karuNA ityAdi bhAvanAoM meM tatpara rahane ke lie brAhmI ko prApta akSarAvalI AdinAtha RSabhadeva ke zrImukha se prApta huI, ata: "siddhaM nama:" maMgalAcaraNa se yukta huii|" 'mahApurANa' meM bhI isa sandarbha kA eka padya prApta hotA hai| yaha lipi aTThAraha-prakAroM se yukta hai| ina samasta prakAroM kA jJAna brAhmI ko pradAna kie jAne ke kAraNa inakA nAma 'brAhmI' ho gyaa| yahA~ para varNita aTThAraha-prakAra kI lipiyA~ vahI haiM, jinakA ullekha 'paNNavaNAsutta' tathA 'samavAyAMgasutta' meM kiyA gayA hai| paNNavaNAsutta' kI prAcIna hastalikhitapustakoM ke AdhAra para gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA ne aTThAraha-prakAra kI lipiyoM ke nAma prastuta kie haiM-- baMbhI, javaNAli, dosApuriyA, kharoTTI, pukkharasAriyA, bhogavaiyA, pahArAiyA, uyaaMtarikkhiyA, akkharapiTThiyA, tevaNaiyA, giNNihaiyA, aMkalivi, gaNitalivi, gaMdhavalivi, Adasalivi, mAhesarI, dAmilI aura poliNdii| ye samasta prakAra kI lipiyA~ Adideva ne brAhmI ko sikhAI thiiN| AcArya hemacandra ke 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita' tathA eka anya-racanA 'zatruJjayakAvya' meM bhI isIprakAra kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| bauddha-grantha lalitavistara' meM cauMsaTha lipiyoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| yahA~ para die gae nAma 'paNNavaNAsutta' meM prastuta nAmoM se milate julate haiN| ye samasta lipiyA~ bhArata meM sarvapracalita, sImita kSetroM meM pracalita videzI-prAntoM meM pracalita, jAtIya evaM sAmpradAyika, sAMketika, zailI-paraka tathA kAlpanika lipiyA~ haiN| ye samasta lipiyA~ brAhmI aura kharoSThI lipiyoM ke vyApaka-pracalana ke kAraNa inakI zAkhArUpa meM sImita ho gyiiN| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. 'bhAratIyoM kA lipijJAna' (nibandha) : gaMgA-purAtattvAMka (1933) : (saM0) rAhula saaNkRtyaayn| 2. "nAkariSyadyadi brahmA likhitaM cakSuruttamam / tatreyamasya lokasya nAmaviSyat zubhA gatiH / / " - (nAradasmRti) 00 54 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara '2001

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3. ojhA, go0hI0 : bhAratIya prAcIna lipimAlA, pRSTha 1 / 4. basu, nagendranAtha (saM0) : hindI vizvakoSa, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 64 / 5. tvaM rathaM pramase yodhamRSvamAno yudhyantaM vRSabhaM dshdyum'| -(Rgveda, 4/6/26) 6. ka. "dharma bRvISi dharmajJa ! dharmo'si hi vRssruupdhRk"| -(bhAgavata, 1/17/22) kha. "iti nAnAyogacaryAcaraNo kaivalyapati: Rssbh:"| -(bhAgavata, 5/6/24) 7. "RSabhaM pArthivazreSThaM sarvakSatrasya puurvjm|" - (brahmANDapurANa, 2/14/60) 8. ka. "akssraalekhygndhrvgnnitaadisklaarnnvm|| sumedhAnaiH kumArIbhyAmavagAhayati sm||" - (harivaMzapurANa, 9/24) kha. ..... brAhmIsundarIbhyAM siddhamAtRkopadezapurassaraM gaNitaM svayaMbhuvAdhAnAni padavidyAchando vicityalaMkArazAstrANi c|" - (arhaddAsa : purudevacampU, 7/1) 9. "akSarANi vibhu brANyA akaaraadiinyvoct|| vAmahastena sunda- gaNitaM cApyadarzayat / / " - (AdinAthacarita, 3/14) 10. "apasavyena sa brANyA jyotirUpA jgddhitaa||" - (zatruJjayakAvya, 3/131) 11. "leNaM livIvihANaM jiNeNa baMbhIe dAhiNakareNa / gaNiyaM saMkhANaM surandarIe vAmeNa uvilN||" 12. "lekho lipividhAnaM taddakSiNahastena jinena brAhmayA darzitam iti / tasmAd brAhmI nAmnI sA lipiH / " 13. "bharatasyAnujA brAhmI dIkSitvA gurvnugrhaat| gaNinI padamAryANAM sA bheje pUjitAmaraiH / / " - (AcArya jinasena : mahApurANa, 24/175) 14. "vAgdevI zAradA brAhmI bhAratI gI: srsvtii| haMsayAnA brahmaputrI sA sadA varadAstu vaH / / " - (harSakIrti : zAradIyanAmamAlA, 1/2) 15. "vAk brAhmI, bhAratI, gauH, gI:, vANI, bhASA, sarasvatI aura shrutdevii|" -(abhidhAnacintAmaNi, 2/155) 16. "brAhmInyAsavidhAnena zrutaskandhamiha stuyAt / " / 17. "tato bhagavato vktraanissRtaamkssraavliim| siddhaM nama iti vyaktamaMgalAM siddhamAtRkAm / / " -(bhagavajjinasenAcArya : mahApurANa, bhAga 1, 16/105) 18. "bhAve NamasiddhaM paNameppaNu dAhiNavAmakarehi liheppinnu| dohiM mi NimmalakaMcaNavaNNahaM akkharagaNiyaI kaNNahaM / / " - (puSpadanta : mahApurANa, 5/18) 19. "lipi: pustakAdau akSaravinyAsa: sA cASTAdazaprakArApi zrImannAbheyajinena svasutAyA brAhmInAmikAyA darzitA, tato brAhmI nAma itybhidhiiyte|" / ___ -(abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhAga 5, pR0 1884) 20. bhAratIya prAcIna lipimaalaa| -(pR0, 17) 21. pANDeya, rAjabalI : iNDiyana peliyograaphii| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 55

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lipizAlAsaMdarzanaparivarto dazama: lipi-viSayaka adhyayana-anusaMdhAna evaM vikAsa kI paraMparA isa deza meM atiprAcIna evaM susamRddha rahI hai| jaina-bauddha-paramparAoM meM bhI isa dizA meM paryApta dhyAna diyA gayA aura ullekhanIya kArya hue haiN| yahA~ para bauddha-paramparA ke pramukha-graMtha 'lalitavistara' ke 'dazama parivarta' kA mUlapATha prakAzita-saMskaraNa ke AdhAra para yathAvat prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| isameM cauMsaTha lipiyoM ke nAma to haiM hI, jinameM 'brAhmI' lipi sarvaprathama hai, sAtha hI lipizAlA meM varNa-AkRtiyoM kA paricaya kaise diyA jAtA thA? - isakA bhI prabhAvI nirUpaNa isameM prApta hotA hai| AzA hai yaha mUlapATha bhI lipi-viSayaka jijJAsuoM evaM anusandhAtAoM ke lie paryApta upayogI siddha ho skegaa| yahA~ prastuta pATha meM jo saMskRta kI dRSTi se vizeSarUpa dRSTigocara haiM, ve mUlapATha kA yathAvat prastutIkaraNa ke kAraNa haiN| , -sampAdaka iti hi bhikSavaH saMvRddhaH kumaarH| tadA mAMgalyazatasahasraiH lipizAlAmupanIyate sma dazabhirdArakasahasraiH parivRta: puraskRta:, dazabhizca rathasahasraiH khAdanIyabhojanIyasvAdanIyaparipUrNehiraNyasuvarNaparipUrNazca / yena kapilavastuni mahAnagare vIthicatvararathyAntarApaNamukheSvabhyavakIryata sma abhivishraamynte| aSTAbhizca tUryazatasahasraiH praghuSyamANairmahatA ca puSpavarSeNAbhipravarSatA vitardiniryahatoraNagavAkSaharnAkuTAgAraprasAdataleSu kanyAzatasahasrANi sarvAlaMkArabhUSitA: sthitA abhUvan / bodhisattvaM prekSamANA: kusumAni ca kSipanti sm| aSTau ca marutkanyAsahasrANi vigalitAlaMkArAbharaNAlaMkRtAni ratnabhadraMkareNa gRhItAni mArga zodhayantyo bodhisattvasya purato gacchanti sm| devanAgayakSagandharvAsuragaruDakinnaramahoragAzcArdhakAyikA gaganatalAtpuSpapaTTadAmAnyabhipralambayanti sma / sarve ca zAkyagaNA: zuddhodanaM rAjAnaM puraskRtya bodhisattvasya purato gacchanti sma / anenaivaMrUpeNa vyUhena bodhisattvo lipizAlAmupanIyate sm||| ___ samanantarapravezitazca bodhisattvo lipishaalaam| atha vizvAmitro nAma dArakAcAryo bodhisattvasya zriyaM tejazcAsahamAno dharaNitale niviSTo'dhomukhaH prapatati sma / taM tathA prapatitaM dRSTA zubhAMgo nAma tuSitakAyiko devaputro dakSiNena karatalena parigRhyotthApayati sm| utthApya ca gaganatalastho rAjAnaM zuddhodanaM taM ca mahAntaM janakAyaM gAthAbhirabhyabhASAt zAstrANi yAni pracalanti manuSyaloke, saMkhyA lipizca gaNanApi ca dhAtutantram / ye zilpayoga-pRthu-laukika-aprameyA:, teSveSu zikSitu purA bahukalpakoTya: / / 1 / / 00 56 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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kiM tU janasya anuvartanatAM karoti, lipizAlamAgatu suzikSitu ziSyaNArtham / paripAcanArtha bahudAraka agrayAne, anyAMzca sattvanayutAnamRte vinetum / / 2 / / lokottareSu catusatyapathe vidhijJo, hetupratItyakuzalo yatha sNbhvnti| yatha cAnirodhakSaya saMsthit zItibhAva:, tasminvidhijJa kimatho lipishaastrmaatre||3|| netasya Acariya uttari vA triloke, sarveSu devamanujeSvayameva jyesstthH| nAmApi teSa lipinAM na hi vitya yUyaM, yatreSu zikSitu purA bahukalpakoTya: / / 4 / / so cittadhAra jagatAM vividhA vicitrA, ekakSaNena ayu jAnati zuddhasattvaH / adRzyarUparahitasya gatiM ca vetti, kiM vA puno'the lipino'kSaradRzyarUpAm / / 5 / / ityuktvA sa devaputro bodhisattvaM divyaiH kusumairabhyarcya ttraivaantrddhe| tatra dhAtryazca ceTIvargAzca sthApitA abhUvan / parizeSA: zAkyA: zuddhodanapramukhA: prakrAmanta: / / atha bodhisattva udagasAracandanamayaM lipiphalakamAdAya divyArSasuvarNatirakaM samantAnmaNiratnapratyuptaM vizvAmitramAcAryamavamAha -- katamAM me bho upAdhyAya lipi zikSApayasi / brAhmIkharoSTIpuSkarasAriM aMgalipiM baMgalipiM magadhalipiM maMgalyalipiM aMgalIyalipiM zakArilipiM brahmavalilipiM pAruSyalipiM drAviDalipi kirAtalipiM dAkSiNyalipiM ugralipi saMkhyAlipiM anulomalipi avamUrdhalipiM daradalipi khASyalipiM cInalipiM lUnalipi hUNalipi madhyAkSaravistaralipiM puSpalipi devalipiM nAgalipiM yakSalipiM gandharvalipiM kinnaralipiM mahoragalipiM asuralipiM garuDalipi magacakralipiM vAyasarutalipiM bhaumadevalipiM antarIkSadevalipiM uttarakarudvIpalipiM aparagoDAnIlipiM pUrvavidehalipi utkSepalipi nikSepalipiM vikSepalipi-prakSepalipiM sAgaralipiM vajralipi lekhapratilekhalipi anudrutalipiM zAstrAvartI gaNanAvartalipiM utkSepAvartalipi nikSepAvartalipiM pAdalikhitalipi dviruttarapadasaMdhilipiM yAvaddazottarapadasaMdhilipiM madhyAhAriNIlipiM sarvarutasaMgrahaNIlipi vidyAnulomAvimizritalipiM RSitapastaptAM rocamAnAM dharaNIprekSiNIlipiM gaganaprekSiNIlipiM sarvauSadhiniSyandA sarvasArasaMgrahaNIM sarvabhUtarutagrahaNIm / AsAM bho upAdhyAya catuSSaSTIlipInAM katamAM tvaM ziSyApayiSyasi? atha vizvAmitro dArakAcAryo vismita: prahasitavadano nihatamAnamadadarpa imAM gAthAmabhASataAzcaryaM zuddhasattvasya loke lokAnuvartino, zikSita: sarvazAstreSu lipishaalaamupaagtH||6|| yeSAmahaM nAmadheyaM lipInAM na prajAnami, tatraiSa zikSita: santo lipizAlAmupAgataH / / 7 / / vaktraM cAsya na pazyAmi mUrdhAnaM tasya naiva ca, ziSyayiSye kathaM hyenaM lipiprajJAya pAragam / / 8 / / devadevo hyatideva: sarvadevottamo vibhuH, asamazca viziSTazca lokeSvapratipudgala: / / 9 / / asyaiva tvanubhAvena prajJopAye vizeSata:, zikSitaM ziSyayiSyAmi sarvalokaparAyaNam / / 10 / / iti hi bhikSavo daza dArakasahasrANi bodhisattvena sArdhaM lipiM ziSyante sm| tatra bodhisattvAdhisthAnena teSAM dArakANAM mAtRkAM vAcayatAM yadA akAraM parikIrtayanti sma, tadA anitya: sarvasaMskArazabdo nizcarati sm| AkAre parikIrtyamAne Atmaparahitazabdo nizcarati prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 57

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sm| ikAre indriyavaikalyazabdaH / IkAre ItibahulaM jagaditi / ukAre upadravabahulaM jagaditi / UkAre UnasattvaM jagaditi / ekAre eSaNAsamutthAnadoSazabdaH / aikAre airyApathaH zreyAniti / okAre oghottrshbdH| aukAre aupapAdukazabdaH / aMkAre amoghopttishbd:| a:kAre astaMgamanazabdo nizcarati sma / kakAre karmavipAkAvatArazabdaH / khakAre khasamasarvadharmazabdaH / gakAre gambhIradharmapratItyasamutpAdAvatArazabdaH / ghakAre ghanapaTalAvidyAmohAndhakAravidhamanazabdaH / GakAre'GgavizuddhizabdaH / cakAre caturAryasatyazabdaH / chakAre chandarAgaprahANazabdaH / jakAre jarAmaraNasamatikramaNazabdaH / jhakAre jhaSadhvajabalanigrahaNazabdaH / JakAre jJApanazabdaH / TakAre paTopacchedanazabdaH / ThakAre ThapanIyapraznazabdaH / DakAre DamaramAranigrahaNazabdaH / r3hakAre mIDhaviSayA iti| NakAre reNuklezA iti / takAre tathatAsaMmedazabdaH / thakAre thAmabalavegavaizAradyazabdaH / dakAre dAnadamasaMyamasaurabhyazabdaH / dhakAre dhanamAryANAM saptavidhamiti / nakAre nAmarUpaparijJAzabdaH / pakAre paramArthazabdaH / phakAre phalaprAptisAkSAtkriyAzabdaH / bakAre bandhanamokSazabdaH / bhakAre bhavavibhavazabdaH / makAre madamAnopazamanazabdaH / yakAre yathAvaddharmaprativedhazabdaH / rakAre ratyaratiparamArtharatizabdaH / lakAre latAchedanazabdaH / vakAre varayAnazabdaH / zakAre zamathavipazyanAzabdaH / SakAre SaDAyatananigrahaNAbhijJAnAvAptizabdaH / sakAre sarvajJajJAnAbhisaMbodhanazabdaH / hakAre hataklezavirAgazabdaH / kSakAre parikIrtyamAne kSaNaparyantAbhilApyasarvadharmazabdo nizcarati sma / / iti hi bhikSavasteSAM dArakANAM mAtRkAM vAcayatAM bodhisattvAnubhAvenaiva pramukhAnyasaMkhyeyAni dharmamukhazatasahasrANi nizcaranti sm|| tadAnupUrveNa bodhisattvena lipizAlAsthitena dvAtriMzaddArakasahasrANi paripAcitAnyabhUvan / anuttarAyAM samyaksaMbodhau cittAnyutpAditAni dvAtriMzaddArikAsahasrANi / ayaM heturayaM pratyayo yacchikSito'pi bodhisattvo lipizAlAmupAgacchati sm|| / / iti zrIlalitavistare lipizAlAsaMdarzanaparivarto nAma dazamo'dhyAyaH / / - (sAbhAra uddhRta, lalitavistara, pRSTha 87-89 ) rAjanIti vizAradoM ne kahA hai " tapasA hi samaM rAjyaM, yogakSemaprapaJcataH / pramAde satyadha: pAtAdanyathA ca mahodayAt / / " -- (AcArya vAdIbhasiMha, kSatracUDAmaNi, 11/8 ) artha :- rAjya karanA tapasyA karane ke samAna hai, kyoMki isameM yoga kI kuzalatA ke lie nirantara sAvadhAna rahanA par3atA hai| yadi jarA bhI pramAda ( lAparavAhI) ho jAye, to tatkAla adha:patana ho jAtA hai; aura sAvadhAnI rakhI jAye, to mahAn abhyudaya ho sakatA hai| ** 58 prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara 2001

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zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM meM varNita baiMkiMga praNAlI - zrI bizanasvarUpa rustagI baiMkiMga praNAlI prAcIna bhArata meM ajJAta nahIM thI / baiMkiMga praNAlI kI sthApanA bhAratavarSa meM prAcInakAla meM hI ho gaI thI, kintu yaha praNAlI vartamAna pAzcAtya praNAliyoM se bhinna thii| prAcIna samaya meM zreNI tathA nigama baiMka kA kArya karate the| deza kI Arthika nIti 'zreNI' ke hAthoM meM thii| vartamAna kAla ke 'bhAratIya caimbara oNpha kAmarsa' se isakI tulanA kara sakate haiN| pazcima bhArata ke kSatrapa nahapAna ke dAmAda RSabhadatta ne dhArmika kAryoM ke lie taMtuvAya zreNI ke pAsa tIna hajAra kArSApaNa jamA kiye the / usameM se do hajAra kArSApaNa eka kArSApaNa prati saikar3A vArSika byAja kI dara se jamA kie tathA eka hajAra kArSApaNa para byAja kI dara tIna cauthAI paNa (kArSApaNa kA ar3atAlIsavA~ bhAga ) thI / isIprakAra ke sandarbha anya zreNI, jaise tailika zreNI Adi ke varNanoM meM bhI milate haiN| jamAkarttA kucha dhana jamA karake usake byAja ke badale vastu prApta karatA rahatA thA / isIprakAra ke ullekha zravaNabelagolA ke abhilekhoM meM bhI milate haiM / dAtA kucha dhana yA bhUmi Adi kA dAna kara detA thA, jisake byAjasvarUpa prApta honevAlI Aya se aSTavidha pUjana, vArSika pAda-pUjA, puSpa - pUjA, gommaTezvara - pratimA ke snAna hetu dugdha kI prApti, mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra, muni-saMghoM ke lie AhAra kA prabandha Adi prayojanoM kI siddhi hotI thI / isaprakAra ina abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki dasavIM zatAbdI ke AsapAsa baikiMga praNAlI pUrNa vikasita ho cukI thI / Alocya abhilekhoM meM jamA karane kI vibhinna paddhatiyA~ parilakSita hotI haiM / gommaTezvara dvAra ke dAyIM ora eka pASANa khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha ke anusAra kallayya ne kucha dhana isa prayojana se jamA karavAyA thA ki isake byAja se chaha puSpamAlAyeM pratidina prApta hotI rheN| isake atirikta Alocya abhilekhoM meM dhana kI cAra ikAiyoM - varaha, gadyANa, hona, haga ke ullekha milate haiM / zaka saMvat 1748 ke eka abhilekha ai meM varNana AtA hai ki devarAjai arasu ne gommaTa svAmI kI pAdapUjA ke lie eka sau varaha kA dAna diyA / yaha dhana kisI mahAjana yA zreNI ke pAsa jamA karavA diyA jAtA thA tathA isake byAja se pAda pUjA ke nimitta upayoga meM AnevAlI vastuyeM kharIdI jAtI thiiN| tIrthaMkara suttAlaya meM utkIrNa eka lekha meM varNana AtA hai ki prAkRtavidyA+julAI-sitambara '2001 59

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gommaTa seTTi ne gommaTezvara kI pUjA ke lie bAraha gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| pUjA ke atirikta abhiSekAdi ke prayojana se bhI dhana jamA karavAyA jAtA thaa| isa dhana para milane vAle byAja se nityAbhiSeka ke lie dUdha liyA jAtA thaa| eka pratijJA-patra meM varNana milatA hai ki sovaNNa ne Adideva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie pA~ca gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake byAja se pratidina eka balla' (saMbhavata: do sera se bar3I mApa kI ikAI hotI thI) dUdha diyA jA ske| vindhyagiri parvata eka abhilekha ke anusAra AdiyaNNa ne gommaTa deva ke nityAbhiSeka ke liye cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| isa rAzi ke eka hona' (gadyANa se choTA koI pracalita sikkA) para eka hAga' mAsika byAja kI dara se eka balla' dUdha pratidina diyA jAtA thaa| yahIM ke eka anya abhilekha ke anusAra gommaTa deva ke abhiSekArtha tIna mAna (arthAt chaha sera) dUdha pratidina dene ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyA gyaa| anya abhilekha meM varNana milatA hai ki keti seTTi ne gommaTa deva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie tIna gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake byAja se tIna mAna dUdha liyA jAtA thaa| uparyukta ye tInoM hI abhilekha tatkAlIna byAja kI pratizatatA jAnane ke prAmANika sAdhana haiM; kintu ina abhilekhoM ke adhyayana meM yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya byAja kI pratizatatA koI nizcita nahIM thii| kyoMki ve donoM lekha eka hI sthAna (vindhyagiri parvata) tathA eka hI varSa (zaka saMvat 1197); ke haiM kintu eka abhilekha meM cAra gadyANa ke byAja se pratidina tIna mAna dUdha tathA dUsare meM tIna gadyANa ke byAja se bhI tIna mAna dUdha pratidina milatA thaa| kintu isakA vistRta vivecana Age kiyA jaayegaa| ___ pUjA evaM nityAbhiSekAdi ke atirikta prayojanoM ke lie bhI dhana kA dAna diyA jAtA hai| dAnakartA kucha dhana ko jamA karavA detA thA tathA usase prApta honevAle byAja se mandiroM-bastiyoM kA jIrNoddhAra tathA muniyoM ko pratidina AhAra diyA jAtA thaa| pahale belagola meM dhvaMsa bastI ke samIpa eka pASANa-khaNDa para utkIrNa eka abhilekha meM varNana AyA hai ki tribhuvanamalla ereyagaM ne bastiyoM ke jIrNoddhAra evaM AhAra Adi ke liye bAraha gadyANa jamA krvaaye| zrImatI avve ne bhI cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa|" dhana dAna ke atirikta bhUmi tathA grAma dene ke bhI ullekha abhilekhoM meM milate haiN| ise 'nikSepa' nAma se saMjJita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isake antargata kucha sImita vastu dekara prativarSa yA pratimAsa kucha dhana yA vastu byAja svarUpa lI jAtI thii| isa dAna kI bhUmi yA grAma se pUjA sAmagrI, puSpamAlAyeM, dUdha, muniyoM ke lie AhAra, mandiroM ke lie anya sAmagrI prApta kI jAtI thii| zaka-saMvat 1100 ke eka abhilekha ke anusAra" belgula ke vyApAriyoM ne gaMgasamudra aura gommaTapura kI kucha bhUmi kharIdakara gommaTadeva kI pUjA ke nimitta puSpa dene ke lie eka mAlI ko sadA ke lie pradAna kii| cikka madukaNNa ne bhI kucha bhUmi kharIdakara gommaTadeva kI pratidina pUjA-hetu bIsa puSpamAlAoM ke lie arpita kara dii| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki bhUmi se 00 60 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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honevAlI Aya kA kucha pratizata dhana yA vastu denI par3atI thI / isIprakAra ke bhUmidAna se sambandhita ullekha abhilekhoM meM milate haiM / tatkAlIna samAja meM bhUmidAna ke sAtha-sAtha grAmadAna kI paramparA bhI vidyamAna thii| grAma ko kisI vyakti ko sauMpa diyA jAtA thA, tathA usase prApta honevAlI Aya se aneka dhArmika kAryoM kA sampAdana kiyA jAtA thA / eka abhilekha ke anusAra" dAnazAlA aura belgula maTha kI AjIvikA - hetu 80 varaha kI AyavAle 'kabAlu' nAmaka grAma kA dAna diyA gyaa| isake atirikta jIrNoddhAra, AhAra, pUjA, Adi ke lie grAmadAna ke ullekha milate haiN| 1 14 15 Alocya abhilekhoM meM kucha aise bhI udAharaNa milate haiM, jisameM kisI vastu yA sampatti ko nyAsa ke rUpa meM rakhakara byAja para paisA le liyA jAtA thA tathA paisA lauTAne para sampatti lauTA diyA jAtA thA / isa jamA karane ke prakAra ko 'anvihita' kahA jAtA thA / brahmadeva maNDapa ke eka stambha para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra " mahArAjA cAmarAja auDeyara ne cennanna Adi sAhUkAroM ko bulAkara kahA ki tuma belgula mandira kI bhUmi mukta kara do, hama tumhArA rupayA dete haiN| isIprakAra kA varNana eka anya abhilekha meM bhI milatA hai 1 isake atirikta pratimAsa yA prativarSa jamA karAne kI paramparA usa samaya vidyamAna thI / isakI samAnatA vartamAna 'Avartti jamA yojanA' (Recurring Deposit Scheme) se kI jA sakatI hai| isameM paisA jamA kiyA jAtA thA tathA usI paise se aneka kAryoM kA sampAdana kiyA jAtA thaa| vindhyagiri parvata ke eka abhilekha ke anusAra belgula ke samasta jauhariyoM ne gommaTadeva aura pArzvadeva kI puSpa-pUjA ke lie vArSika dhana dene kA saMkalpa kiyaa| eka anya abhilekha" meM varNana AtA hai ki aMgarakSakoM kI niyukti ke lie pratyeka ghara se eka 'haNa' (saMbhavata: tIna paise ke samakakSa koI sikkA) jamA karavAyA jAtA thA / jamA karane ke lie zreNI yA nigama kArya karatA thA / isaprakAra jamA karane kI vibhinna paddhatiyA~ usa samaya vidyamAna thiiN| 16 17 18 byAja kI pratizatatA Alocya -abhilekha tatkAlIna byAja kI pratizatatA jAnane ke prAmANika sAdhana haiM / ina abhilekhoM meM byAja ke rUpa meM dUdha prApta karane ke ullekha adhika mAtrA meM haiN| isaliye sarvaprathama hameM dUdha ke mApa kI ikAiyA~ jAna lenI cAhiyeM / abhilekhoM meM dUdha ke mApa kI do ikAiyA~ milatI haiM-- 'mAna' aura balla / mAna do sera ke barAbara kA koI mApa hotA thA tathA 'balla' do sera se bar3A koI mApa rahA hogA, jo aba ajJAta hai| gommaTezvara dvAra ke dAyIM ora eka pASANa para utkIrNa lekha ke anusAra gommaTadeva ke abhiSekArtha tIna mAna dUdha pratidina dene ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyA / ata: yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki cAra gadyANa kA byAja itanA hotA thA, jisase tIna mAna arthAt lagabhaga chaha sera dUdha pratidina kharIdA jA sakatA thA / kintu anya abhilekha ke anusAra keti seTTi ne gommaTadeva ke nityAbhiSeka ke liye tIna gadyANa kA dAna diyA, jisake 19 20 *--- prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001 61

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byAja se pratidina tIna mAna dUdha liyA jA ske| jaisAki pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki usa samaya kI byAja kI pratizatatA koI nizcita nahIM thii| kyoMki uparokta donoM abhilekha eka hI sthAna tathA eka hI varSa ke haiN| taba bhI jamA kI gaI rAzi bhinna-bhinna hai| byAja kI pratizatatA ke kisI niSkarSa para pahuMcane se pahale tatkAlIna dhana kI ikAiyoM ko jAna lenA Avazyaka hai| eka gadyANa 60 paise ke samAna eka haNa 5 paise ke samAna eka varaha 30 paise ke samAna eka hona yA hoga 25 paise ke samAna eka hAga 3 paise ke samAna isaprakAra dhana kI ikAiyoM kA jJAna hone ke pazcAt abhilekhoM meM Aye byAja-sambandhI ullekhoM ko samajhanA sugama ho jAtA hai| 1275 I0 ke abhilekha meM varNana AtA hai ki AdiyaNNa ne gommaTadeva ke nityAbhiSeka ke lie cAra gadyANa kA dAna diyaa| isa rakama ke eka hona' para eka hAga' mAsika byAja kI dara se eka 'balla' dUdha pratidina diyA jaae| ata: usa samaya 25 paise para 3 paise pratimAsa byAja diyA jAtA thaa| jisase byAja kI pratizatatA 12% nikalatI hai| jabaki 1206 I0 abhilekha ke anusAra nagara ke vyApAriyoM ko yaha AjJA dI gaI ki ve sadaiva ATha haNa kA Taiksa diyA kareMge, jisase eka haNa byAja meM A sakatA hai| arthAt 40 paise para 5 paise byAja milane se yaha siddha hotA hai ki byAja kI mAtrA 12 1/2% pratimAsa thii| uparokta donoM abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki bArahavIM- terahavIM zatAbdI meM byAja kI mAsika pratizatatA 12% ke AsapAsa thii| prAcIna yojanAyeM : Adhunika sandarbha meM :- Alocya-abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya bhI Aja kI bhA~ti vibhinna baiMkiMga yojanAyeM pracalita thI. jinameM nikSepa, nyAsa, aupAnidhika, anvihita, yAcitaka, zilpinyAsa, pratinyAsa Adi pramukha thii| ye abhilekha usa samaya kI Arthika-vyavasthA kA digdarzana karAte haiM; jabaki kraya-vikraya vinimaya ke mAdhyama se hotA thaa| jamAkartA kucha dhana yA vastu jamA karavAkara usake badale byAja meM nagara rAzi na lekara vastu hI letA thaa| isIprakAra ke uddharaNa, jo Alocya abhilekhoM meM Aye haiM, kA vivecana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai| dhana jamA karavAkara usake byAja ke rUpa meM dUdha yA puSpa Adi lenA yA bhUmi dekara usase anya abhIpsita vastuoM kI prApti krnaa| ___ uparokta prAcIna yojanAoM meM se zravaNabelgolA ke abhilekhoM meM do yonAjAoM ke ullekha prApta hote haiM, jinheM Adhunika sandarbha meM sthAyI bacata yojanA' (Fixed Deposit) 0062 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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aura 'Avarti jamA yojanA' (Recurring Deposit Scheme) kahA jA sakatA hai| sthAyI bacata-yojanA kI samAnatA prAcInakAla meM pracalita 'aupAnidhika' nAmaka yojanA se kara sakate haiN| isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM hama una abhilekhoM ko leka sakate haiM jinameM kucha dhana jamA karavAkara usake byAja ke rUpa meM koI vastu (dUdha, pUjA sAmagrI Adi) sadaiva lete rahate the| 'Avarti jamA yojanA' ke antargata hama una udAharaNoM ko dekha sakate haiM, jinameM kucha dhana kI ikAI pratimAsa prativarSa jamA karavAI jAtI thii| ina do yojanAoM ke atirikta 'agrima RNa yojanA' (Advance Loan Scheme) kI jhalaka bhI ina abhilekhoM meM milatI hai| inase jJAta hotA hai ki sampatti jamA karane para kucha dhana RNa-svarUpa mila jAtA thA ora jaba yaha dhana jamA na karavAyA jA sakA, to usakA bhugatAna karane kI icchA mahArAjA cAmarAja auDeyara ne rahanadAroM ke samakSaka vyakta kii| isaprakAra uparokta vivecana ke AdhAra para niSkarSarUpa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhAratavarSa meM baiMkiMga-praNAlI IsA kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI se pahale vidyamAna thii| AlocyakAla meM baiMka se sambandhita vibhinna prakAra kI paddhatiyA~ vidyamAna thIM tathA jamA rAzi para lagabhaga 12% byAja diyA jAtA thaa| sandarbhagraMtha-sUcI 1. e0I0 bhAga 8. nAsika lekh| 2. jai0zi0 saM0 bhAga eka, le0 saM0 93 / 3. jai0zi0 saM0 bhAga eka, le0 saM0 98 / 4. vahIle0 saM0 81 / 5. --vahI--le0 saM0 131 / 6.--vahI--le0 saM0 97 / 7. --vahI-le0 saM0 94 / 8. --vahI-le0 saM0 951 9.--vahI--le0 saM0 412 / 10. --vahI-le0 saM0 135 / 11. --vahI--le0 saM0 921 12. --vahI-le0 saM0 495 / 13. --vahI--le0 saM0 53, 51, 106, 129, 454,476 aadi| 14. --vahI--le0 saM0 433 / 15. -vahI--le0 saM0 841 16. -vahI-le0 saM0 140 / 17. -vahI-le0 saM0 91 / 18. --vahI--le0 saM0 94 / 19. jai0 zi0 sa~0 bhAga eka, le0 saM0 95 / 20. vahI--le0 saM0 97 / 21. vahI-le0 saM0 128 1 22. vahI-le0 saM0 91, 128, 136 aadi| 23. --vahI-- le0 saM0 84, 140 / zrI e0 mahAdevan ne yaha sApha-sApha mAnA hai ki mohana-jo-dar3o ke sAMskRtika vighaTana ke samaya jainoM kA jo vyApArika vistAra thA usase bhI jaina saMskRti kA eka spaSTa paridRzya hamAre sAmane AtA hai| unakA kathana hai ki usa samaya jaina vyApAriyoM kA mohana-jo-dar3o ke rASTrakula meM eka pratiSThita sthAna thA aura unakI sAkha dUra-dUra taka thii| unakI huDiyA~ pUre rASTrakula meM sirakatI thiiN| Aja se sau sAla pahale eka deza meM aisI iMDiyoM kA kAphI pracalana thaa| inakI eka svatantra lipi thii| kucha kUTa-cihna bhI the, jo sIleM mohana-jo-dar3o meM milI haiM, saMbhava hai unameM se bahuterI jaina vyApAriyoM se saMbaddha hoM - mahAdevan kI isa upapatti para bhI vicAra kiyA jAnA caahiye| -(har3appA aura zramaNa-saMskRti se uddhRta) * * prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 63

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jainadharma kA tatva-cintana aura grIka-dArzanika 'pro. hAjime nAkAmurA' kI dRSTi meM -pro0 premasumana jaina paramANuvAda darzana ke kSetra meM prAya: yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki 'paramANuvAda' bhArata aura grIsa meM prAya: eka hI samaya pracalita huaa| grIsa meM DemokreTsa' (Democrates) ko (420 I0pU0) pahalA grIka-dArzanika mAnA jAtA hai, jo paramANuvAda para vistAra se cintana karatA hai| usameM paramANu ke svarUpa usake vikAsa Adi kI paddhati para prakAza DAlA hai| kintu isake pUrva jainadarzana meM paramANuvAda para vyApaka-vizleSaNa ho cukA thA, jisakA prabhAva grIka-darzana ke paramANuvAda para par3A hai| DaoN0 hAjime nAkAmurA (Hajime Nakamura) yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki bhArata meM aNu aura paramANu ke siddhAnta kA vizleSaNa sarvaprathama jainaAgamoM meM prApta hotA hai| grIka-dArzanika eneksegorasa (Anaxogoras) ne sarvaprathama Atmatattva (Spirit) aura ajIvatatva (Matter) ke bIca spaSTa bheda-rekhA aMkita kI thI; kintu isake pUrva jainadarzana meM jIva aura ajIva ke svarUpa para cintana kiyA jA cukA thaa| jaina-dArzanika sampUrNa loka ko pramukharUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate haiM eka jIva aura dUsarA ajIva yA cetana aura acetana / unhoMne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki saMsAra meM ina do tattvoM ko spaSTa rUpa se jAnA aura anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| jainadarzana meM ajIvatattva ko phira dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| ajIva ko 'pudgala' kahA gayA hai| ye sabhI dravya haiN| inakA Atmatattva se yahI spaSTabheda hai ki inameM cetanatA aura jIvana nahIM pAyA jaataa| ___ina ajIvatattvoM meM kAla' ke saMbaMdha meM dArzanika mAnate haiM ki vaha pariNamanazIla hai aura usakA astitva hai| isa viSaya meM grIka-dArzanika airisToTala (Aristotll) kI yaha spaSTa mAnyatA hai ki kAla kA astitva hai, usameM gati hai aura vaha aisA tattva hai, jisakA varNana kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha vicAradhArA jainadarzana kI mAnyatA se mela khAtI hai| yadyapi jainadarzana meM isameM matabheda hai ki kAla ko dravya svIkAra kiyA jAye yA nhiiN| vidvAnoM ne isa viSaya para vizeSa-cintana kiyA hai| 0064 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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jainadarzana meM AkAza ko ananta mAnA gayA hai| usameM do bhAga haiM- (1) lokAkAza, jahA~ gati (halana calana) saMbhava hai aura (2) alokAkAza, jahA~ gati nahIM hai| sabhI dravya lokAkAza meM rahate haiM aura alokAkAza meM dravyoM kI sattA nahIM hai| airisToTala (Aristotll) bhI prAya: AkAza ke sambandha meM yahI vicAra rakhatA hai| usane AkAza ke do bhAga kiye haiM(i) candramA ke nIce taka ke AkAza meM jIvana aura padArtha haiM, tathA (ii) candramA ke Upara ke AkAza meM jIvana aura padArtha nahIM haiN| AkAza ke sambandha meM jainadarzana aura grIkadarzana kI vicAradhArA meM samAna-tattva khoje jA sakate haiN| AkAza-dravya ke viSaya meM donoM darzanoM meM dArzanikoM ke bIca matabheda calatA rahA hai|' dharma aura adharmadravya ke sambandha meM jainadarzana ne jo apane vicAra diye haiM, ve maulika haiN| dharmadravya padArthoM kI gati aura adharmadravya padArthoM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka hai| isake udAharaNa bhI jaina-granthoM meM prApta hote haiN| yaha vicAra vaijJAnika-dRSTi se bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| __ ajIva-dravyoM ko jainadarzana meM 'pudgala' kahA hai| isameM varNa, rasa, gandha aura sparza -ye cAra guNa svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| pudgala meM aNu, paramANu aura skandha sammilita haiN| indriyA~, mana, zArIrika avayava tathA ve sabhI vastuyeM, jinheM hama anubhava karate haiM, pudgala meM sammilita haiN| pudgala ko isI kAraNa se ananta bhI mAnA gayA hai| isa pudgala ke pramukha bheda haiM-- (1) aNu, (2) skandha / jo kucha bhI dRzya-jagat meM hai, vaha skandha' ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai, aura jo sUkSmatama dravya kI ikAI hai, vaha 'aNu' ke rUpa meM svIkAra hai| isa viSaya meM prAcIna grIka-vicAraka lyUsIpasa (Leucippus) aura DemokriTasa (Democritus) ke vicAra jainadarzana se samAnatA rakhate haiN| DemokriTasa khAlI (rikta) AkAza aura anantabhramaNazIla aNuoM ko svIkAra karatA hai| kevala unake svarUpa aura AkAra tathA unake skandha banane aura alaga hone ke vicAra meM vaha matabheda rakhatA hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki varNa, rasa, aura tApamAna aNu ke gauNa-guNa haiM, mukhya-guNa nahIM haiN| grIka dArzanika aipIkyUrasa (Epicurus) ne jo aNu ke vajana aura usakI adhogati ke sambandha meM apane vicAra rakhe haiM, ve jainadharma ke vicAra se mela khAte haiN|" jIvatattva kA vikAsa jainadarzana meM jIvatattva ke sambandha meM vistAra se cintana kiyA gayA hai aura usake svarUpa evaM vibhinna guNoM para sUkSma-dRSTi se prakAza DAlA gayA hai| DaoN0 nAkAmurA mAnate haiM ki jainadarzana meM svIkRta AtmA kA svarUpa aura DemokriTasa dvArA pratipAdita AtmA ke siddhAnta meM spaSTa-antara hai| DemokriTasa mAnate haiM ki AtmA aNuoM se banI haiM aura unakI gati se AtmA meM jIvana saMcAlita hotA hai| yahA~ cetana-aNuoM ke skandha ko Atmadravya kahA gayA hai, jabaki jainadarzana AtmA ke svarUpa meM jJAna aura caitanya kI sattA svIkAra karate prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 0065

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haiN| helenizTika (Hellenistic) yuga ke kucha grIka-dArzanikoM kA AtmA-sambandhI siddhAnta jainadarzana ke siddhAnta se milatA-julatA hai, jisameM zarIra aura AtmA ke sambandhoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| sabhI dArzanikoM ne jainadarzana ke AtmA athavA jIva ke AkAra ke svarUpa para Azcarya pragaTa kiyA hai ki jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA hAthI ke zarIra meM usake AkAra jaisI bar3I ho jAtI hai, aura cIMTI ke zarIra meM usake AkAra ke samAna choTI ho jAtI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM jainadarzana meM jo udAharaNa diyA gayA hai, yaha bahuta saTIka hai ki jaise prakAza eka lAlaTena meM usake AkAra kA ho jAtA hai aura kamare meM phailakara kamare ke AkAra kA ho jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM AtmA pUrNajJAna aura anantazakti se bharI huI hai|' AtmA aura karma ___ jainadarzana meM AtmA aura karma ke ApasI-sambandhoM para bhI vizeSa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| AtmA kI zaktiyA~ aura jJAna karmoM ke kAraNa chipa jAte haiN| yahI bAta grIka dArzanika epikaTeTasa (Epictetus) bhI kahatA hai ki isa pRthvI para hama sAMsArika zarIra meM eka kaidI kI taraha rahate haiN| isI bAta ko jainadarzana meM digambara-saMtoM ke pariprekSya meM kahA gayA hai ki karmoM ke dvArA hamArI AtmA ko pahale se hI DhaMka diyA gayA hai, ata: aba sAdhaka ko vastra pahinakara AtmA ko punaH DhaMkane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai|" jainadarzana meM AtmA ko karmoM se sarvathA mukta karane kI prakriyA varNita hai| aba AtmA sAdhanA aura tapasyA ke dvArA karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho jAtI hai, taba vaha mukta AtmA' kahalAtI hai, aura taba usake jJAna ko kevalajJAna' kahA jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanI dIrgha sAdhanA ke dvArA isa avasthA ko prApta kiyA thaa| jaina-paramparA meM aisI mukta-AtmAoM, kI lambI zrRMkhalA hai| prAcIna grIka-dArzanika impeDokleza (Empedocles) kA jIvana eka jaina-saMta ke jIvana jaisA thaa| vaha mAMsAhAra kA tyAgI thA aura svayaM ko zuddha-AtmAvAlA mAnatA thaa|" pleTo (Plato) kA karma-siddhAnta aura mukti kA siddhAMta jainadarzana ke siddhAntoM se mela khAtA hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra karmoM se mukta AtmAyeM apanA carama vikAsa karatI huI loka ke zikhara para jAkara pUrNa-sukha kA anubhava karatI huI sadaiva ke lie Thahara jAtI hai| AtmA ke isa ananta-sukha ke svarUpa ko pazcimI-dArzanikoM ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| grIka-darzana meM kahA gayA hai ki AtmA zarIra meM praveza karane ke pUrva anantajJAna aura sukha ke svarUpavAlI hotI hai| jainadharma kA prAthamika uddezya AtmasvarUpa ko prakaTa karanA hai, use karmoM se mukta karanA hai| jainadharma AcAramUlaka adhika hai| isIlie eka jaina dArzanika ne jainadharma ko saMkSepa meM vyakta karate hue kahA hai ki AtmA meM karmoM ke Agamana (Asrava) saMsAra kA kAraNa hai, ata: karmoM ke Asrava ko rokanA (saMvara) hI jaina AcAra-saMhitA kA mUla hai, aura zeSa zikSAyeM to isI bhAvanA kA vistAra hai|" 0066 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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anekAntavAda : bahuAyAmI dRSTikoNa pro0 hAjime nAkAmurA ne apanI pustaka 'e kampereTiva hisTrI oNpha AIDiyAja' meM pramukha-vicAradhArAoM kA vizvadarzanoM ke pariprekSya meM tulanAtmaka-adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| isameM Izvara aura manuSya, paramatattva kI avadhAraNA, sukha kI avadhAraNA, AcAramUlaka siddhAnta, aNuvAda, sApekSavAda aura Adhunika dhArmika dRSTikoNoM para vistAra se carcA kI hai| isI prasaMga meM pro0 nAkAmurA ne jainatattvadarzana ke pramukha kendra-bindu 'anekAntavAda' aura 'AtmasaMyama' ke kucha pakSoM para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| __ pro0 nAkAmurA kA mAnanA hai ki yadi hama sApekSavAda ke mahattva ko svIkAra karate haiM aura apane kriyAkalApoM ke aucitya para vicAra karate haiM, to hameM anekAntavAda ke bahuAyAmI pakSa ko svIkAranA hogaa| isa siddhAnta ko bhArata meM spaSTarUpa se jainadharma ke dvArA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, aura grIka ke kucha vicAraka bhI isakA pratinidhitva karate haiN| jainadharma meM 'syAdvAda' ke dvArA 'anekAntavAda' ko vyakta kiyA gayA hai| isake anusAra pratyeka niSkarSa meM anya dRSTikoNoM ko jor3ane kI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai| isako saptabhaMgInaya ke nAma se jainadharma meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai| saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhruvatA sadaiva bane rahate haiN| grIka-dArzanika DemokriTasa (Democritus) kI vicAradhArA anekAntavAda ke anukUla thii| vaha vicAra karatA hai ki pratyeka vastu meM hama yaha anumAna nahIM lagA pAte ki vaha kaise hai', aura kaise nahIM hai|" kintu isa samasyA ko prameyakamala mArtaNDa' meM tArkika dRSTi se samajhAyA gayA hai| isaprakAra jainadharma ne isa siddhAnta ke dvArA saMsAra ke svarUpa ko anantarUpa meM vyakta kiyA hai| mAnavIya-jJAna usake samakSa sImita hai| isa siddhAnta ke dvArA jaina-cintaka garvapUrvaka yaha bhI ghoSaNA karate hai ki saMsAra ke vicAroM ke vividha saMgharSa ko 'anekAntavAda' ke dvArA sulajhAyA jA sakatA hai| IsApUrva 43 san ke vidvAn enesIDemasa (Aenesidemus) ke dvArA pratipAdita dasa Tropoi (Teritropoi) ke siddhAnta kI tulanA 'anekAntavAda' aura 'saptabhaMgInaya' ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki havA kA jhoMkA eka yuvaka ko sukhadAyI ho sakatA hai, kintu eka vRddha-vyakti ko vahI jhoMkA kaSTadAyaka bhI ho sakatA hai| saMsAra meM honevAle parivartana vAtAvaraNa aura sthiti ke anusAra alaga-alaga prabhAva DAlane vAle hote haiN| ata: pratyeka vastu bahuAyAmI pakSavAlI hai| isIprakAra erisTIpasa (Aristippus) ke vicAra bhI jainadharma ke anekAnta se milate-julate haiN| vaha kahatA hai ki hama vastu ko nahIM jAnate, kevala usake acche-bure prabhAva se hI paricita hote haiN| jainadarzana meM yaha paryAya ko jAnane kI sthiti hai| isIprakAra IsApUrva 504-501 san ke vicAraka herAklITasa (Heraclitus) prasiddha sApekSavAdI vidvAn hue hai, jo yaha kahate haiM ki hama nadI meM do bAra tAje pAnI kA anubhava nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki usameM pratikSaNa parivartana hote rahate haiM? ata: nirantara prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 0067

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gatimAna vastuoM ke isa jagat meM anekAntavAda ke dvArA hI unako samajhA jA sakatA hai| herAklITasa kA sApekSavAda-siddhAnta jainadharma ke anekAntavAda ke adhika nikaTa hai| vaha udAharaNa detA hai ki samudra kA jala sabase zuddha aura sabase azuddha hai| kyoMki jala ke prANiyoM ke lie vaha pIne ke yogya aura sukhadAyI hai, jabaki vahI jala manuSya ke lie apeya aura hAnikAraka hai| vAstava meM paramAtmA ke lie upayogI aura acchI haiM, jabaki manuSya ne una vastuoM meM se kucha ko sahI aura kucha ko galata batAyA hai| AtmasaMyama aura AcAramUlaka dharma ___ bhAratIya vicAradhArAoM meM jainadarzana kaThora AtmasaMyama aura AcAra-mImAMsA ko pratipAdita karanevAlA darzana hai| usameM pA~ca pramukha-vratoM kA vidhAna gRhasthoM aura sAdhuoM donoM ke liye kiyA gayA hai| ina vratoM meM ahiMsA kA vistAra se pratipAdana jainadarzana meM huA hai aura zAkAhAra jainadharma ke anuyAyiyoM kI pramukha jIvanacaryA hai| grIka meM pAIthAgorasa (Pythagoras) ke anuyAyI jainadharma kI jIvana-paddhati ke anurUpa apanA jIvana vyatIta karate rahe haiN| jainadharma kA sAdhu jIvana kaThora jIvanacaryA se jur3A huA hai, jisakA pratinidhitva bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakI paramparA ke santa Aja bhI karate haiN| upavAsa unakI jIvanacaryA kA pramukha aMga hai| isIprakAra kSamAbhAva jainadharma kA pramukha-guNa hai| Adhunika yuga meM mahAtmA gA~dhI jainadharma ko ahiMsA aura upavAsa ke pramukha samarthaka rahe haiN| yadyapi grIkadarzana meM jainadarzana jaisI kaThora AcAra-mImAMsA ko to svIkRti nahIM milI, kintu AtmasaMyama ke mahattva ko vahA~ bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai|"paaiithogors (Pythagoras) isakA prabala-samarthaka rahA hai| usakA eka anubhava vyakta karate hue eka dArzanika ne kahA hai ki jaba pAIthAgorasa ne eka vyakti ko kutte ko mArate hue dekhA, to usane use rokate hue kahA ki ruko, use mAro mata, yaha kuttA bhauMkakara tumheM yaha yAda dilA rahA hai ki tuma maitrI kI AvAja bhUla gae ho| apane bhItara vaha maitrI paidA kro| pAIthAgorasa kA yaha anubhava hameM jainadharma kI usa ahiMsA-bhAvanA kI yAda dilAtA hai, jisameM kisI bhI prANI ko coTa na pahu~cAne ko kahA gayA hai| __ jainadarzana ke pramukha-siddhAntoM kA sambandha grIka-darzana ke atirikta prAcIna krizciyanaciMtakoM ke jIvanadarzana se bhI rahA hai| prAcIna samaya meM krizciyana-santa zarIra ko AtmavikAsa kA zatru mAnate rahe haiN| unakI mAnyatA thI ki jaba zarIra acchI-vastu nahIM hai, to usako kaThora-saMyama dvArA sajA dI jAnI caahie| isalie kaI santa guphAoM, caTTAnoM aura pahAr3oM para nivAsa karate karate the| klemeMTa oNpha elikajeNDriyA (Clement of Alexandria) jaMgaloM meM rahatA thA aura usane saMsAra nahIM basAyA thaa| vaha kevala cha: roTI ke Tukar3e aura sabjiyoM se hI apanA jIvanayApana karatA thaa| jaba usase pUchA gayA ki tuma apane zarIra ko kyoM naSTa kara rahe ho? to usakA uttara thA ki- kyoMki isa zarIra ne mujhe (AtmA) ko naSTa kiyA hai| isaprakAra AtmasaMyama kA siddhAnta sampUrNa vizva meM kisI 0068 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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na kisI rUpa meM vyApaka huA hai| sandarbha-sUcI 1. In India, the concept of the atom (Anu, Paramanu) appeared for the first time in Jaina Scriptures. --A Comparative History of Ideas, Motilal Banarsidas, New Delhi, 1992, Page 145. 2. Matter in Jainism by Dr. J.C. Sikdar, PVRI, Varanasi. 3. A History of Western Philosophy by B. Russell, P. 206. tattvArthAdhigamabhASya (umAsvAmI), Ao 5, sUtra 23 / 5. History of Ancient Philosophy, Windelband, translated by Herbert Ernest Cushman, Dover Publication, 1956, p. 162. 6. History of Western Philosophy, B. Russell, P. 246-47. 7. A History of Philosophy by Frederick Copleston, 1946, P. 125. 8. sarvadarzanasaMgraha, 4, 20-21, tattvArthAdhigamasUtra, a0 5, sUtra 6 / 9. SaDadarzanasamuccaya (guNaratna), pR0 74 / 10. A History of Western Philosophy, B. Russell, P. 263. 11. sarvasiddhAntasaMgraha, a0 3, sUtra 12 / 12. The Philosophy of India by R. Garbe, P. 35. 13. A History of Western Philosophy, P. 141-142. 14. Alberuni's India, P.57. 15. sarvadarzanasaMgraha, pR0 39 / 16. e kampereTiva hisTrI oNpha AIDiyAja, pR0 168 / 17. Democritus Fragment, 10. 18. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 205 / 19. Copleston, History, Vol. I, Part Ii, P. 187. 20. Windelband, History, P. 93. 21. Copleston, Vol. I, Part I, P. 55. 22. e kampereTiva hisTrI oNpha AiDiyAja, pR0 176 / 23. vahI, pR0 176 / 24. megasthanIja iMDiyA, pR0 105 / 25. Ecclesiastical History, BK VI, Chapter-XXIX. nAva aura mallAha ___nadI meM nAva ko mallAha le jAtA hai, kisI ne pUchA aura mallAha ko kauna le jA rahA hai? uttara milA, mallAha ko nAva le jA rahI hai| ThIka isIprakAra yaha jIva 84 lAkha yoniyoM meM bhramaNa kara rahA hai, du:kha uThA rahA hai aura jimmedAra dUsaroM ko ThaharA detA hai| manuSya ko kartRtvabhAva yAni 'maiM karatA hU~', se bacanA caahie| yaha ghora mithyAtva hai| nimitta kucha nahIM karatA, vaha to kamajora para savAra ho jAtA hai| -(AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pravacana kA aMza) ** prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 90 69

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auMkAra mahAmaMtra aura usakA prabhAva --AcArya rAjakumAra jaina jaina-paramparA meM zabdazAstra evaM uccAraNa- prakriyA kA zubhArambha hI 'om' yA 'OM' kI maMgaladhvani se mAnA gayA hai| tIrthaMkaroM kI divyadhvani U~kAramayI hai, to pratyeka maMtra ke pahile bhI 'OM' kA uccAraNa anivArya hai / yahA~ taka ki par3hAI-likhAI ke pahile hI dina 'OM namaH siddham' kI paripATI thI, jisakA bAda meM parivartitarUpa 'onAmAsIdham' ho gyaa| isa 'OM' dhvani kA yogazAstra se lekara pUjAvidhAnaparaka - sAhitya meM, tathA vyAvahArika jIvana se lekara utkRSTatama-sAdhanApaddhati meM abAdha - prasAra evaM prabhAva mAnA gayA hai| ise apane Apa meM eka maMtrarUpa bhI mAnA gayA hai tathA ise paMca parameSThiyoM ke pA~ca maMgala-nAmoM ke prathamAkSaroM se niSpanna bhI pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| ataH isakA vistRta vivecana to hajAroM pRSThoM meM ho sakatA hai, phira bhI isake bAre meM saMkSipta vivecana isa Alekha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne zramapUrvaka prastuta kiyA hai| --sampAdaka maMtrazakti acintya hotI hai aura usakA prabhAva kisI sImA kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai| kadAcit maMtrazakti kAlajayI bhI hotI hai, jo bhautika jagat ko to prabhAvita karatI hI hai, hamAre Antarika (mAnasa evaM bauddhika ) - jagat ko bhI apekSitarUpa se prabhAvita karatI hai / sAmAnyata: hama sabhI prANI (vizeSata: manuSya ) do prakAra ke jagat meM jIte haiN| eka hamArA bAhyajagat hai aura dUsarA Antarika - jagat hai, jise AdhyAtmika jagat bhI kahate haiM / bAhyajagat meM hamArA sampUrNa samAja hotA hai, jabaki antarjagat meM hama akele hote haiM / hamAre samagra-jJAna kA kendra antarjagat hai, jo sadaiva antas meM hI adhiSThita hotA hai, vaha kabhI bAhara nahIM AtA hai| yadi manuSyamAtra jJAnI hI hotA, to vaha nitAnta akelA hotA / vaha kabhI bhI sAmAjika nahIM bana pAtA / Aja sthiti yaha hai ki vaha sAmAjika adhika hai aura akelA kama hai| hamArA sAmAjika-jIvana nirmita hotA hai bhASA ke dvArA, zabda ke dvArA / jaba jJAna aura bhASA kA yoga huA, taba manuSya antarjagat se bAhyajagat meM AyA aura usane apanA vistAra kiyaa| zabda ke mAdhyama se manuSya ke bAhyajagat kA na kevala nirmANa huA, apitu usakA paryApta-vistAra bhI huA / 'om' eka dhvanyAtmaka zabda hai, jo hamAre sampUrNa antarjagat meM prakaTa yA aprakaTa rUpa prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 2001 00 70

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meM vyApta hai| vaha hamAre AdhyAtmika-jagat kI prANazakti hai| yaha tIna akSaroM 'a-u-m' ke yoga se niSpanna huA hai| ise vaidika-paramparA aura zramaNa-paramparA donoM meM samAnarUpa se aMgIkAra kiyA gayA hai| ___ vaidika-paramparA ke anusAra 'a' brahmAvAcaka hai, 'u' viSNuvAcaka hai aura 'ma' mahezavAcaka hai| isaprakAra 'om' meM brahmA, viSNu aura maheza --ye tInoM zaktiyA~ sanniviSTa haiN| manuSya jaba 'oMkAra' kA japa karatA hai, taba vaha apanI prAkRtika-prANazakti kA upayoga karatA hai aura sAtha hI apane anta:karaNa meM brahmA, viSNu aura maheza -- ina tInoM kI zakti kA anubhava karatA hai| isase eka ora usakI prANazakti jAgRta hotI hai, to dUsarI ora usakI AMtarika-zaktiyA~ bhI kramaza: vikasita hotI jAtI haiN| pariNAmata: usakA AMtarika yA AdhyAtmika-jagat itanA adhika unnata kA vikasita ho jAtA hai ki vaha aneka RddhiyoM aura siddhiyoM kA dhAraka bana jAtA hai| zramaNa-paramparA meM bhI 'om' yA 'oMkAra' ko sarvAtmanA aMgIkAra kiyA gayA hai| zramaNa-mAnyatA ke anusAra 'om' paMcaparameSThI kacaka hai| paMcaparameSThI meM arihaMta, azarIra (siddha), AcArya, upAdhyAya aura muni (sAdhu) parigaNita haiN| ina pA~ca parameSThiyoM ke Adi akSaroM kA saMyoga karane para 'om' zabda niSpanna hotA hai-- a+a+A+u+ma=om / jainadharma ke NamokAra' yA 'namaskAra mahAmaMtra' meM uparyukta paMcaparameSThiyoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, jo nimnaprakAra hai Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AiriyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savvasAhUNaM / / arthAt arihaMtoM ko namaskAra, siddhoM ko namaskAra, AcAryoM ko namaskAra, upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra aura loka ke sarvasAdhuoM ko nmskaar| isaprakAra sampUrNa NamokAra-mahAmaMtra' 'om' yA 'oMkAra' meM garbhita hai| eka zrAvaka (jainadharma pAlana-karanevAlA gRhastha) jaba 'om' yA 'oMkAra' kA japa karatA hai, taba vaha prANazakti se samanvita aura lAbhAnvita to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI sAtha, paMcaparameSThI se apanI tanmayatA kA anubhava karatA hai| usa samaya usakI bhAvanA hotI hai ki vaha bhI una parameSThiyoM ke samAna bana jaaye| vaha bhautika-viSayoM yA padArthoM kI AkAMkSA nahIM krtaa| kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki samasta bhautika-padArtha aura viSaya nazvara haiN| unase sthAyI-sukha aura zAnti milanA saMbhava nahIM hai| _ 'om' kI eka anya parikalpanA bhI jainadharma meM aMgIkAra kI gayI hai| tadanusAra yaha ratnatrayarUpa hotA hai| ratnatraya se abhiprAya hai-- samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra / ye tInoM mokSamArga ke sAdhanabhUta haiM / jaba taka manuSya meM ye tInoM AtmasAt nahIM ho jAte, taba taka manuSya pravRtta meM utanI yogyatA aura kSamatA vikasita honA sambhava nahIM hai ki vaha prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 71

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mokSamArga meM pravartita ho sake / AcArya umAsvAmI ne 'tattvArthasUtra' (aparanAma mokSazAstra) meM isI tathya kA pratipAdana karate hue ratnatraya ko mokSamArga yA mokSa kA sopAna nirUpita kiyA hai- "samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaarg:|" ___jainAcAryoM ne 'om' zabda kA vizleSaNa yA paribhASA karate hue batalAyA ki 'a' jJAna kA pratIka hai, 'u' darzana kA pratIka hai aura 'm' cAritra kA pratIka hai| ina tIna varNoM (a+u+m) se niSpanna 'om' ratnatraya kA pratIka hai| isIlie jo 'om' yA 'oMkAra' kI upAsanA karatA hai, vaha svarUpAcaraNa karatA huA svarUpAvasthita ho jAtA hai| yahI sthiti usa carama-anuttara-lakSya prApti kA sAdhana banatI hai| vastuta: mantrazakti ke dvArA manuSya ke anta:karaNa meM jo UrjA prasphuTita hotI hai, usase manuSya ke antas meM eka viziSTa prakAra kA rUpAntara hotA hai aura katipaya viziSTa zaktiyoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| ise hama jAnate haiM aura mAnate hI haiN| kintu kaThinAI yaha hai ki hama mAnate adhika haiM aura jAnate kama haiN| oMkAra-maMtra kA japa karanevAloM kI bhI yahI sthiti hai| isIlie ve lakSya prApti se vaMcita yA dUra rahate haiN| anya maMtroM kA japa karanevAloM kI bhI kucha aisI hI sthiti hai| 'om' yA 'oMkAra' ekAkSarI-mahAmaMtra hai| vaha manokAmanA kI pUrti karanevAlA aura mokSa denevAlA hotA hai| yaha yogIjanoM ke lie vizeSarUpa se abhISTa hai| isakI kriyAzIlatA evaM prabhAva se prANazakti kA vikAsa hotA hai, isalie isase manokAmanA kI pUrti evaM vAMchita phala kI prApti hotI hai| ekAgratApUrvaka isakA japa karane se anta:karaNa zuddha hotA hai aura citta nirmala hotA hai, jo antata: mokSa-prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| oMkAra-mahAmaMtra kI phalazruti batalAte hue AcAryoM ne likhA hai-- oMkAraM bindusaMyuktaM nityaM dhyAyanti yoginaH / kAmadaM mokSadaM devamoMkArAyaM namo namaH / / arthAt yogIjana nitya biMdu-saMyukta oMkAra kA dhyAna karate haiN| kAmanA kI pUrti karanevAle aura mokSa ko denevAle oMkAra (om) ko bArambAra namaskAra hai| __ yogazAstra meM 'om' yA oMkAra kA vizeSa mahattva hai| prANAyAma meM jaba zvAsocchvAsa ke dvArA prANavAyu yA prANatattva ko pratiSThApita karate haiM, to prANa-zakti apratyAzitarUpa se abhivardhita ho jAtI hai| hama nirantara zvAsa lete haiM, usake dvArA prANatattva nirantara gatizIla rahatA hai| prANa kI dhArA vidyuta kI dhArA kI bhA~ti hotI hai| vaha jitanI balavatI hotI hai, utanI hI hamArI kSamatAoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| hamAre sthUla zarIra ke antas meM vidyamAna taijasa zarIra ke mAdhyama se prANa kI dhArA ni:sRta hotI hai| vaha hamAre sampUrNa jIvana-taMtra ko saMcAlita karatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hamArA tantra nirantara gatizIla rahatA hai| yoga- zAstrIya gaNanA ke anusAra eka vyakti eka dina (24 ghaMTe) meM ikkIsa 00 72 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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hajAra chaha sau bAra zvAsocchvAsa kI kriyA karatA hai| yaha kriyA svata: hotI hai| jaba vaha zvAsa letA hai, taba ekaprakAra kI dhvani hotI hai| jaba zvAsa chor3atA hai, taba bhI dhvani hotI hai| zvAsa lete samaya 'sa' kI dhvani hotI hai aura zvAsa chor3ate samaya 'ha' kI dhvani hotI hai| ye donoM sahaja dhvaniyA~ haiM, ina donoM sahaja dhvaniyoM ke AdhAra para so'ham' kA vikAsa huaa| so'ham' bhI mantra-zakti se samanvita hai| ise japane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, binA jape hI svata: isakA jApa ho jAtA hai, ata: ise 'ajapA' bhI kahA jAtA hai| 'ziva-svarodaya' meM 'hakAra' ko zivarUpa aura 'sakAra' ko zaktirUpa mAnA gayA hai| 'haThayoga' ke anusAra hamArI nAsikA ke dakSiNa-randhra se sUrya yA dakSiNa-svara saMcalita hotA hai tathA vAma-randhra se candra yA vAma-svara saMcalita hotA hai| ata: 'hakAra' sUrya yA dakSiNasvara ko aura sakAra' candra yA vAmasvara kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| ina donoM kA sAmya hone para paramAtmabhAva kA vikAsa hotA hai| tantrazAstra ke anusAra sampUrNa varNamAlA hI 'oMkAra' se utpanna hotI hai| isIlie use 'mAtRkAsa' kahA jAtA hai| yadi thor3I sUkSmatA se dekheM aura gaharAI se vicAra kareM, to 'so'ham' aura 'om' meM hameM atyadhika sAmya dekhane ko milatA hai| donoM advitIya mantra-zakti se samanvita haiN| donoM hamAre antarjagat evaM prANatattva kA saMcAlana karane meM viziSTa-bhUmikA kA nirvAha karate haiN| bhASAzAstrIya-dRSTi aura dhvani-vizleSaNa ke anusAra 'om' aura 'so'ham' meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| so'ham' se jaba 'sa' aura 'ha' haTa jAte haiM, to 'om' raha jAtA hai| 'om' hamArI prANagata dhvani hai| yaha sahaja aura svAbhAvikarUpa se prANa ke sAtha uccarita hotI hai| isalie isakA atyadhika mUlya hai| 'so'ham' kA mahattva apanI dhvanigata vizeSatA ke kAraNa hai| prANazakti ke sAtha usakA svAbhAvika sambandha hai, usake sAtha bhAvanA kA sambandha bhI jur3A huA hai, isalie usakA mahattva hai| so'ham' kA artha hotA hai-- 'vaha maiM hU~' athavA 'maiM vaha hU~' / arthAt jo paramazaktimAn paramAtmA hai, vaha maiM huuN| isa bhAvanAtmaka-sambandha ke kAraNa 'so'ham' eka bahuta zaktizAlI-maMtra ke rUpa meM pratiSThApita ho gyaa| dhvanigatavizeSatA ora bhAvanAtmaka-saMvedanA ke kAraNa mahAmaMtroM kI koTi meM yaha svata: pratisthApita ho gyaa| . isaprakAra 'so'ham' aura 'om' meM maulikarUpa se koI antara nahIM hai| jo antara dRSTigata hai, vaha mAtra zabda aura dhvanigata hai| isa 'om' kA satata japa karane se japakartA kI AtmA ke nirmalasvarUpa se sIdhA samparka hotA hai| 'om' maMtra meM eka aisI divyazakti nihita hai, jo hamAre pUrvopArjita-karmoM kA kSaya karake AtmA ko nirmala evaM AdhyAtmikajIvana ko unnata banAne ke sAtha-sAtha nizreyas (Atmika-kalyANa) aura abhyudaya (bhautikasamunnati) donoM kA mArga prazasta karatI hai| prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 73

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00 74 zrI sammedazikhara aSTaka -- vidyAvAridhi DaoNo mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA zikharoM ke samaveta se, banA 'zikhara sammeda ' / siddhakSetra bana zobhatA, chor3a sabhI bhaya - bheda / / 1 / / zikhara-zikhara para rAjate, caraNa-cihna abhirAma / caraNa-caraNa se phailatI, zIla - sugaMdha tamAma / / 2 / / bIsa - vibhU kI mukti se, banA mukti kA dhAma / Akara jIte sabhI ne, karmoM ke saMgrAma / / 3 / / gautama-svAmI madhya meM, samatA liye anUpa / ArohI lakhate yahA~, apanA Atma svarUpa / / 4 / / kuMthanAtha kI ToMka se, jJAna aura zraddhAna se bhAse jaga nissaar| khulate antardvAra / / 5 / / pArzvanAtha kI ToMka para kareM bhakta vizrAma | antarmana se pUjate, banate bigar3e kAma / / 6 / / - mRtyu - [- mahotsava ke liye Ate saMta aneka / dhanya-dhanya jIvana kareM, jAge vimala- viveka / / 7 / / kareM vaMdanA bhAva se, eka bAra jo koya / tAhi naraka - pazu gati nahIM, aisI pariNati hoya / / 8 / / prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara '2001

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zabda-svarUpa evaM dhvani - vijJAna - DaoN0 mAyA jaina jisake dvArA artha kA pratipAdana hotA hai, vaha zabda hai / jo 'prAkRtika' aura 'prayogaja' donoM dRSTiyoM se utpanna hotA hai / 'prAkRtika' meM bAdaloM kI garjanA ko liyA jAtA hai / aura 'prayogaja' meM vAdya-vizeSa-niHsRta dhvani ko mahattva diyA jAtA hai / tat, vitat, ghana, zuSira, saMgharSa aura bhASA ye chaha 'prayogaja' ke bheda haiN| bhAvoM evaM icchAoM kA pramukha kArya bhASA hai / jo vicAra-vinimaya se vAkya ke svarUpa ko prApta hotI hai| vAkya hI bhASA kA sabase svAbhAvika aura mahattvapUrNa aMga hai / vAkyoM ke AdhAra para hI bhASA kI racanA karate haiM aura vAkyoM ke kAraNa evaM unake nirmANa meM zabda apanI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| kAlAntara meM ve hI zabda dhvani kI dizA pragaTa karate haiM / jaise hI dhvani ke viSaya meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki jo vAkya zabdoM ke saMyoga se bane haiM, ve hI zabda dhvaniyoM para AdhArita haiM / jo bhASA kI pramukha ikAI mAnI jAtI hai| dhvanivijJAna :- - bhASA kA saMpUrNa - pra - prAsAda dhvani yA zabda para AdhArita hai / pratyeka caitanya - prANI kisI na kisI rUpa meM vAkya prayoga karatA hai / ve vAkya dhvani yA zabda ko pragaTa karate haiM / dhvaniyoM kI pratyeka kriyA vicAra-vinimaya, bhAva evaM icchA alaga-alaga zabdoM kA nirmANa karatI hai| dhvaniyoM meM dhvaniyaMtra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hotA hai| jo niHsRtadhvani yA zabda vAyu kI sahAyatA se pragaTa huI hai / vahI alaga-alaga sthAna ke kAraNa dhvaniparivartana kA kAraNa banatI hai / dhvani vargIkaraNa, dhvani-kriyA, dhvani-yaMtra Adi kA vicAra dhvani-vijJAna hai| jisakA bhASA zAstrI dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva hai 1 : zabda aura dhvani jaina-AgamoM meM zabda ko pudgala kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai| parantu ise paribhASita karate huye kathana kiyA gayA-- "zabdo varNa-pada-vAkyatmikA dhvaniH " - ( laghIyastraya, vR0 pR0 66 ) arthAt varNa, pada evaM vAkyAtmaka - dhvani kA nAma zabda hai / jo artha ko vyakta karatA hai| jisake dvArA artha kA jJAna karAyA jAtA hai yA vastu kI pratIti karAI jAtI hai| aise uccAraNamAtra ko 'zabda' kahA jAtA hai / 'tattvArthavArttika' meM zabda kA vyutpatti isa prakAra kI gaI hai prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001 00 75

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"zapatyarthamAhvayati pratyAyati zapyate yena, zapanamAtraM vA zabda: / " - ( tattvArthavArtika, 5/24 ) artha kA AhvAna karatA hai yA usakI pratIti karAtA hai tathA jisake dvArA padArtha kA jJAna karAyA jAtA hai, vaha zabda hai / zabda yA dhvani eka hI hai, zrotrondriya kI viSayabhUta dhvani zabda kahI jAtI hai| arthAt jisake dvArA artha jAnA jAtA hai, vaha zabda hai / dhvani zabdavAcaka hai, zabda kartA, karaNa aura bhAva kI apekSA ko bhI lie huye hai / zabda bhI dhvani kA nAma hai aura dhvani bhI zabda kA abhidhAna hai 1 "zabdadyate abhidhIyate'bhidheyamaneneti zabdo vAcako dhvaniH / " 1 -- (sthAnAM0 abhaya0 vR0, 186 ) zabda aura akSara * zabda prazasta, ghora aura mokSa rUpa hai| jinakA mahattva hotA hai, utanA hI unake akSaroM kA bhI mahattva hotA hai| dhvani - parivartana ke mUla viSaya meM uccAraNa kA mahattva hotA hai / usI uccAraNa Adi ke AdhAra para svara aura vyaMjanoM kA sthAna bhI nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai / yadi hama uccarita - dhvaniyoM kI zabda ke AdhAra para vizleSita kareM, to patA calegA ki usameM eka yA kaI dhvaniyA~ nizcita - krama se milI huI haiM / jaise tIrthaMkara - t + I + th + + k + a + r + a = dhvaniyA~ samAhita haiM / inameM vibhinna zabdoM ke uccAraNa se nikalI huI dhvaniyA~ 'akSara' kahalAtI hai| kyoMki inakA 'kSara' arthAt vinAza kabhI nahIM hotaa| inhIM akSaroM / dhvaniyoM ko sAmAnya - akSara evaM saMyoga - akSara ke rUpa meM vyakta kiyA jAtA hai / 'dhavalA' TIkA ke khaNDa 5, pustaka 13 meM akSara aura saMyogAkSara -- ye do bheda dhvani ke kiye haiN| 'dhavalA' TIkA khaNDa 4, pustaka 12 meM svara ke prayoga meM 6 samAna svara aura do sandhyakSara ke nAma ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| jahA~ pustaka 13 meM saMyogAkSara aura samAnAkSara kA kathana kiyA hai, vahI pustaka 12 meM svara ke vivecana meM sandhyakSara kA prayoga kiyA hai ede chacca samANA doNNi ya saMjhakkharA sarA atttth| - ( pR0286) (ka) samAna svara a A i I u aura U / (kha) sandhyakSara arthAt ukta prAkRta meM prayukta samAna - svara aura sandhyakSara -svara meM anya svaroM kA kathana nahIM kiyA hai, parantu 'dhavalA' TIkA ke khaNDa 5, pustaka 13 meM svaroM kA vargIkaraNa isaprakAra kiyA hai -- 0076 - e aura o a A A3 / i I I i / u U uu3| R R R3| lR lR lR3 / e e2 e3 / ai ai2 ai3 / o ora o3 / au aura au3 / - ( sattAvIsaM havaMti savvasarA, pR0 248 ) I svara - sthAna (ka) hrasva svara :- a i u R lR / isake uccAraNa meM eka mAtrA kA samaya lagatA hai| isaliye 'ekamAtro bhavedvasvo' - ( pR0248) kahA hai 1 prAkRtavidyA* julAI-sitambara 2001

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'a' kA uccAraNa-sthAna kaNTha hai| 'i' kA uccAraNa-sthAna tAlu, 'R' kA mUrdhA aura 'lU' kA danta mAnA gayA hai tathA 'u' kA oSTha-sthAna nirdhArita kiyA gyaa| (kha) dIrgha svara :- A I U R e ai o au 'dvimAtro dIrgha ucyate' - ( pR0 248) inake uccAraNa meM do mAtrA kA samaya lagatA hai| e ai o au ko mizrita yA sandhyakSara kahA jAtA hai; kyoMki ye do svaroM ke mela se banate haiM / yathA-- a +i=e, a+e=ai, a+u=o, a+o=au| e aura ai kA uccAraNa-sthAna kaNTha aura tAlu hai / o aura au kA uccAraNa-sthAna kaNTha aura oSTha hai / pluta 'trimAtrastu pluto' arthAt tIna mAtrAvAlA varNa pluta kahalAtA hai| A i, i I I 3 aadi| akSaroM kA uccAraNa mukha ke vibhinna sthAnoM se hotA hai / ata: unheM akSaroM kA uccAraNa-sthAna kahate haiM / sattAIsa svara, taiMtIsa vyaMjana aura cAra ayogavAha - isaprakAra kula 64 varNa hote haiM / 'jJeyo vyaMjanaM tvarddhamAtrakam / ' arthAt vyaMjana ko arddhamAtrAvAlA kahA gayA hai / vyaMjana ko bhI varga - sthAna diyA gayA hai / k kh g gh G c ch j jh J T Th D Dh N t th d dh n p ph b bh m kavarga cavarga Tavarga varga pavarga aMtastha y v r l USma z S s ha jitane bhI vyaMjana haiM, unameM akAra jur3A huA hai| yaha uccAraNa kI suvidhA se hai| vAstava meM inheM halanta-- k kh g gh G Adi ke rUpa meM uccarita kiyA jAtA hai| dhvani mAdhurya kI dRSTi se varga ke prathama evaM tRtIya varNa paruSa / kaThora hai| vargoM ke dvitIya, caturtha, paMcama varNa tathA y r l v h mRdu-vyaMjana haiN| tathA varga ke aMtima G J N n m --ye pA~ca varNa 'anunAsika' kahalAte haiN| pratyeka varNa kA uccAraNa-sthAna bhI alaga-alaga hai / 'kavarga' tathA 'ha' kA uccAraNa sthAna 'kaNTha' hai| 'cavarga, y aura z' kA uccAraNa-sthAna 'tAlu' hai| 'Tavarga, ra aura S' kA uccAraNa-sthAna 'mUrdhA' hai| 'tavarga, l aura s' kA uccAraNa-sthAna 'danta' hai| akSara vikalpa kyA hai ? 'sodidiyassa visao saddoM' zabda - zrotendriya kA viSaya hai, vaha tata - vitata Adi rUpa hai| jaisA ki 'dhavalA' TIkA meM kathana kiyA gayA ki akSara zrutajJAna kA vikalpa hai| inameM bhI akSara aura saMyogAkSara donoM kA bhI vizeSa mahattva hai| 64 akSaroM se 64 zrutajJAna ke vikalpa hote haiM aura unake AvaraNoM kA pramANa bhI 64 hotA hai / apane svarUpa aura svabhAva ko nahIM chor3ane ke kAraNa akSara hAni aura vRddhi se rahita haiM / 1 prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara '2001 00 77

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anakSara bhASA akSara ke sAtha-sAtha anakSara kA bhI bhASA kI dRSTi se mahattva hai| do indriya se lekara asaMjJI-paMcendriya-paryanta jIvoM kI jo apane-apane saMketa pragaTa karanevAlI bhASA hotI hai, vaha 'anakSaragatA bhASA' kahalAtI hai| ucchvasita, ni:zvasita, niSThyuta, kAsita chIMka Adi anusvAra ke samAna uccAraNa kiye jAne vAle huMkAra Adi kI dhvani 'anakSara rUpa' hai| isaprakAra jitane akSara hote haiM, unake artha kI apanI vizeSatA hotI hai| isItaraha jaba ve hI akSara saMyoga yA sandhyakSara ke rUpa meM vyakta kiye jAte haiM, taba bhI una akSaroM kI saMkhyA kA vikalpa 64 hI hotA hai| 64 akSaroM kI eka apanI vizeSatA hai, svararahita kavarga' kA anusaraNa karanevAle saMyoga meM utpanna huI dhAraNAoM kA saMyogAkSaroM meM samAveza ho jAtA hai| -saravirahiya kavaggANasArisaMjogamhisamuppaNNANaM dhAraNANaM saMjogakkharesa pvesaado| -5/5 (pR0 249) / isI 64 saMkhyA meM gaNita kA nirdeza bhI kiyA hai| usakA akSara kI dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva hai| akSara-saMyoga para prazna kiyA gayA ki 64 akSaroM kI saMkhyA kA viralana' kara aura use dviguNita kara vargita, samavargita karane para eka-saMyogI aura do-saMyogI Adi vikalpa kaise ho sakate haiM? isakA samAdhAna diyA eka sAtha uccAraNa karane kA nAma 'saMyoga' hai| isaliye gaNita kI dRSTi ke sAtha-sAtha akSara kI dRSTi bhI hai tathA usake sthAna bhI haiN| isI AdhAra para saMyoga ko ekArthatA nAma diyA gyaa| ___ akSaroM kA pramANa :- jaisAki pUrva meM kathana kiyA gayA ki jitane akSara haiM, utane hI zrutajJAna haiN| kyoMki eka-eka akSara se eka-eka zrutajJAna kI utpatti hotI hai| . dhavalAkAra ne isI AdhAra para akSaroM kA pramANa bhI diyA hai| (ka) vaggakkharA paMcavIsa - vargAkSara paccIsa haiN| (kha) aMtatthA cattAri - aMtastha cAra haiN| (ga) cattAri umhakkharA - USmAkSara cAra haiN| svara, vyaMjana evaM ayogavAha ke kAraNa akSara 64 haiN| jaisA ki kathana kiyA hai tettIsa vaMjaNAI sattAvIsaM havaMti svvsraa| cattAri ajogavahA evaM causaTThi vnnnnaao|| 5/5 (pR0 248) isaprakAra zabda, varNa aura akSara kA apanA sthAna hai| 64 akSaroM se 64 zrutajJAna ke vikalpa haiN| aura unake AvaraNoM kA pramANa bhI 64 hai| saMyoga-AvaraNa bhI 64 haiN| ata: kisI bhI bhASA ke liye inakI dhvani mahattvapUrNa hai| ve alaga-alaga rUpa meM isva, dIrgha Adi hotI hai| dhvani meM bhI Agama, lopa aura viparyaya kA sthAna tathA saMdhi, samAsa, svara-ghAta, svara bhakti aghoSIkaraNa, mahAprANIkaraNa, USmIkaraNa evaM ya-va-zruti Adi prAkRta kI pramukhatA hai| zaurasenI meM bhI dhvani kA mahattva hai| 078 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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zAkAhAriyoM ke liye briTena meM bImA sastA hogA bhArata meM zAkAhAriyoM kI acchI khAsI tAdAda hai, magara unakI asalI kadra briTena meM hI hai, jahA~ rASTrIya zAkAhArI saptAha manAyA gyaa| zAkAhAra saptAha ke daurAna eka briTiza bImA kaMpanI ne zAkAhAra ke prati ina logoM kA prema aura bhI bar3hA diyA hai| isa bImA kaMpanI ne zAkAhAriyoM se mAMsAhAriyoM kI apekSA kama-prImiyama lene kA phaisalA kiyA hai| usakA mAnanA hai zAkAhAriyoM ke sAtha riska phaikTara mAMsAhAriyoM kI apekSA kama hotA hai| yaha ThIka usI taraha se jaise dhUmrapAna karanevAloM meM bImA-kaMpaniyA~ adhika prImiyama vasUlatI haiM, kyoMki unake jaldI marane kA jokhima Ama- logoM kI apekSA adhika hotA hai| laMbe samaya se zAkAhAra kA samarthana karanevAle aura 'enimala phreMDsa inazyoreMsa kaMpanI' ke DAyarekTara krisa pheyaraphaiksa batAte haiM ki briTiza bImA kaMpaniyoM ne aba taka zAkAhAra aura sehata para usake asara ko pahacAnA nahIM hai| hamane zAkAhAriyoM ke lie kama prImiyama kI yojanA zurUkara isa bAta para muhara lagAI hai ki zAkAhArI-loga mAMsAhAriyoM kI apekSA adhika svastha aura laMbA-jIvana jIte haiN| briTena meM lagabhaga 40 lAkha loga zAkAhArI haiN| pheyarabaiksa batAte haiM ki unakI vejiTeriyana paoNlisI kA 60 phIsadI hissA eziyAI logoM meM becA jaayegaa| ___ vaha batAte haiM ki pichale dinoM eka zAkAhArI bhAratIya-vyApArI mere pAsa apanA 15 lAkha pauMDa kA bImA karavAne AyA thaa| use isa bAta para behada Azcarya huA, jaba use mAlUma huA ki yahA~ se use kisI bhI jagaha kI tulanA meM karIba AdhA prImiyama hI denA hogaa| vaise aba hara koI isa bAta ko mAna rahA hai ki zAkAhArI-loga sehata ke mAmale meM adhika surakSita hote haiM, isalie bImA karAne para unakA adhikAra hai ki ve auroM se kama-prImiyama deN| - briTiza meDikala esosiezana kA kahanA hai ki zAkAhAriyoM meM gaMbhIra-bImAriyoM, masalana kaiMsara yA hRdayaroga athavA jIvanazailI se jur3e roga, masalana moTApA, tanAva, madhumeha yA kabja kI AzaMkA kama hotI hai| bImA-udyoga ke vizleSaka bhI yaha mAnate haiM ki zAkAhAriyoM ke lie AsAna-prImiyama-dareM rakhanA tarkasaMgata hai| briTena meM hAla hI meM pazuoM meM maiDa kAU aura khurapakA, muMhapakA bImAriyoM ke bAda se yaha bAta aura majabUta huI hai| pheyaraphaiksa kI vejiTeriyana-bImA yojanA kA phAyadA uThAne meM zAyada kaI sitAre bhI prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 1079

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zAmila hoNge| inameM ricarDa geyara, DemI mUra, phaizana DijAinara sTelA maika kArTane, paoNpa siMgara brAyana eDmsa aura 59 varSIya pUrva-bITala-gAyaka paoNla maika kArTana jaise nAma bhI zAmila haiN| ye sabhI hastiyA~ apane zAkAhAra-prema ke lie jAnI jAtI haiN| maika kArTana ne pichale dinoM kahA thA ki "zAkAhAra ke kAraNa hI maiM isa umra meM bhI vizva-bhramaNa karane jA rahA hU~, jaba loga riTAyara hone kI taiyArI karane lagate haiN|" -(sAbhAra uddhRta -- navabhArata TAimsa se) adhyayana-vidhi "tato'sya paJcame varSe prthmtrdrshne| jJeya: kriyAvidhirnAmnA lipisaMkhyAnasaMgrahaH / / yathAvibhavamatrApi jJeya: pUjAparicchadaH / upAdhyAyapade cAsya mato'dhItI gRhvrtii|| -AcArya jinasena, AdipurANa, 38/248) artha :- tadananda pA~caveM varSa meM komalamati bAlaka ko sarvaprathama akSaroM kA darzana karAne ke lie lipi 'saMkhyAna' nAma kI kriyA kI vidhi kI jAtI hai| ___ isa kriyA meM bhI apane vaibhava ke anusAra sarasvatI pUjA Adi kI sAmagrI juTAnI cAhiye aura adhyayana karane meM kuzala cAritravAn gRhasthAcArya ko hI usa bAlaka ke upAdhyAya (adhyApaka) ke pada para niyukta karanA caahiye| ** 'prApte tu paJcame varSe vidyArambhaM ca kArayet iti, sa vRttacUlazcalakAkapakSakairamAtyaputraiH svyobhirnvit:| liperyathAvadgrahaNena vAGmaye nadImukheneva samudramAvizat / / -(raghuvaMza, 3/28) mahArAja ayodhyApati dilIpa ne apane Atmaja kumAra raghu kA yathAvidhi cUDAkarma (garbhakeza-muNDana) saMskAra kiyaa| vaha kumAra zira para naye nikale masRNamadura zyAmakezoM se (jinheM kauve ke paMkhoM jaisA kRSNa hone se kAkapakSa kahate haiM) zobhAyamAna apane samAna tulya rUpa-vaya: maMtriputroM ke sAtha gurukula meM jAne lgaa| vahA~ usane svaravyaJjanAtmikA lipi kA jJAna prApta kiyA, jisase use zabda-vAkyAdirUpa Arambhika vAGmaya meM praveza karanA usIprakAra sarala ho gayA, jaise nadI meM bahakara AnevAle kisI makarAdi jalacara pazu ko samudra-praveza sulabha ho jAtA hai| ** 0080 prAkRtavidyA+ julAI-sitambara '2001

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rAvaNa nahIM phUMkA jAyegA aba dazahare para ___ -surezacandra sinhA rAvaNa Adi ke putaloM kA dahana karanA jaina-paraMparA meM sUkSmajIvoM kI dravyahiMsA ke sAtha-sAtha rAvaNa Adi ke prati bhAvahiMsArUpa hone ke kAraNa sadA se niSiddha rahA hai| isakA kRta-kArita-anumodanA se virodha jaina manISIgaNa cirakAla se karate rahe haiN| aba harSa kI bAta yaha hai ki Aja ke rAmalIlA-AyojakoM ko bhI isa dizA meM viveka-bodha jAgRta ho rahA hai| nIce likhe vicAroM ko hama avikalarUpa meM mAtra isI ahiMsaka-abhiprAya se prastuta kara rahe haiN| anya dArzanika sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM ko sahamati dene kA bhAva hamArA nahIM -sampAdaka . isa bAra vijayadazamI para rAvaNa nahIM phUMkA jAegA, na laMkA-dahana hogA aura na hI zUrpaNakhA kI nAka kttegii| dillI kI mazahUra rAmalIlA kameTI 'lavakuza' ne yaha phaisalA kiyA hai| isa bAra putale to jaleMge, lekina jAtivAda, ugravAda aura bhraSTAcAra ke| rAmalIlA mahAsaMgha ke adhyakSa, lavakuza' ke mahAsaciva sukhavIra zaraNa agravAla ke anusAra, vizva ke badalate mAhaula ke maddenajara yaha nirNaya liyA gayA hai| Aja sArA vizva sadbhAvanA aura bhAIcAre kA mAhaula banAne kI dizA meM prayatnazIla hai| hama yaha saMdeza denA cAhate haiM ki laMkA hamArA par3osI rASTra hai aura laMkA-dahana ke dRzya kA maMcanakara hama napharata kA saMdeza denA nahIM caahte| rAmalIlA mahasasaMgha ke adhyakSa kA kahanA hai ki mugala bAdazAha bahAdurazAha japhara ke jamAne se hI dillI meM rAmalIlAoM ke bAda vijayadazamI ke dina rAvaNa kA putalA phUMkA jAtA rahA hai, lekina aba badale samaya meM rAmalIlA ke AyojakoM ko bhI cAhie ki ve purAne kisse-kahAniyoM ko nae pariprekSya meM dekheN| rAma-rAvaNa yuddha daraasala do saMskRtiyoM, Arya aura dravir3a kA TakarAva thaa| zrIrAma to hamAre pUjya haiN| rAvaNa brAhmaNa thA, prakAMDa vidvAn thA, vedoM kA jJAtA thaa| Aja bhI dakSiNa meM kaI jagaha usakI pUjA hotI hai| __ rAvaNa kA putalA phUMkanA sahI mAyane meM brahma-hatyA hai aura aba hama aisA karanA nahIM caahte| zAyada Apako mAlUma hogA ki jaba rAmezvarama' meM bhagavAna rAma ne zivaliMga kI sthApanA kI thI, to pUjana ke lie rAvaNa ko bulavAyA thaa| rAvaNa AyA aura usane vidhipUrvaka pUjA krvaaii| jisa rAvaNa ko bhagavAn rAma ne bhI mAnyatA dI thI, use jalAnA hameM zobhA nahIM detaa| prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 10 81

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yaha pUche jAne para ki phira una kArIgaroM, kalAkAroM kA kyA hogA jo varSoM se rAvaNa, meghanAda aura kuMbhakaraNa ke putale banAkara apanI AjIvikA calA rahe haiM, agravAla ne kahA ki unakI rojI-roTI para koI asara nahIM pdd'egaa| pharka sirpha yaha hogA ki aba ve rAvaNa, meghanAda aura kuMbhakaraNa kI jagaha jAtivAda, ugravAda aura bhraSTAcAra ke putale banAeMge aura aba vijayadazamI ke dina inhIM ko jalAyA jaayegaa| ye tInoM samasyoM hamAre deza aura saMskRti ko khokhalA kara rahI haiN| rahI rAvaNa kI bahana zUrpaNakhA kI nAka kATane kI bAta to isa bAre meM mahAsaMgha ke adhyakSa kA kahanA hai ki daraasala, zUrpaNakhA kI nAka kATane kI ghaTanA to sAMketika hai| khUbasUrata zUrpaNakhA ne to mahaja rAma yA phira lakSmaNa se zAdI kI yAcanA kI thI, para vanavAsI rAma aura bAda meM lakSmaNa ne manA kara diyA thaa| yaha usakA apamAna thA, yAnI usakI nAka kaTa gaI thii| usane yaha bAta rAvaNa se kahakara use yuddha ke lie bhar3akAyA thaa| rAma yA lakSmaNa jaisA vyakti kabhI kisI nArI kA aMga-bhaMga nahIM kara sakatA aura isI bAta ke maddenajara isa bAta kI lavakuza' rAmalIlA ke maMcana meM zUrpaNakhA kI nAka kATane kA dRzya nahIM dikhAyA jaayegaa| aisA karanA pUrI nArI-jAti kA amAna hai| philahAla sirpha lavakuza-rAmalIlA kameTI' ne yaha phaisalA kiyA hai, lekina rAmalIlA mahAsaMgha ke adhyakSa agravAla ko ummIda hai ki mahAsaMgha kI jaldI hI hone vAlI baiThaka meM rAjadhAnI kI anya choTI-bar3I rAmalIlAoM ke padAdhikArI bhI isa bAta para sahamata ho jaayeNge| kaliyuga ___ jaba pAMDava apane dina ajJAta vAsa meM bitA rahe the, taba eka dina ve zikAra khelane nikle| rAste meM eka jagaha bhIma ko pyAsa laga gii| ve pAnI khojate hue kucha dUra sthita eka sarovara taka A phuNce| unhoMne dekhA ki vahA~ eka dharmazAlA bhI banI thI, jisameM tIna kamare the| eka kamare meM eka vicitra bhaiMsA baMdhA thA, jo donoM tarapha se cArA khA rahA thaa| dUsare kamare meM eka haMsa thA, jise kauve coMca mAra-mAra kara ghAyala kie de rahe the| tIsare meM miTTI ke bartana rakhe the, jo akAraNa Apasa meM TakarA rahe the aura phUTa rahe the| bhIma cakita ho gae aura binA pAnI pie hI lauTa aae| Akara unhoMne yaha vicitra-vRttAMta yudhiSThira ko sunaayaa| yudhiSThira ne unakI zaMkA kA zamana karate hue kahA, 'tuma kaliyuga ko dekhakara Ae ho| kaliyuga meM aise hI adhikArI hoMge, jo vetana bhI leMge aura rizvata bhii| donoM ora se khAne vAlA bhaiMsA isI kA pratIka hai| haMsa vaha satpuruSa hai, jise kaliyuga meM durjana noMca-noMca kara khAyeMge aura yaha pIr3A vaha sahana kregaa| eka hI kumhAra ke paraspara TakarAkara TUTanevAle bartana vAstava meM eka hI pitA ke paraspara lar3akara miTanevAle bhAI haiN|' bhIma kaliyuga' kA yaha prakopa sunakara hataprabha raha ge| - (sAbhAra, navabhArata TAimsa) ** 00 82 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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gadhoM se gadhe kI taraha kAma lene para roka : 8 ghaMTe kI DyUTI taya khabaradAra ! aba gadhoM se 'gadhe' jaisA kAma nahIM liyA jA skegaa| ye koI baMdara-bhabhakI nahIM, balki eka kAnUnana-hakIkata hai| aba se agara kisI AdamI ne gadhe se ATha ghaMTe se jyAdA kAma liyA, to usakI khaira nhiiN| use tIna sAla taka kI kaida ho sakatI hai| ___pazuoM ke bAre meM 'krUratA-nirodhaka-kAnUna' meM hAla meM kie gae saMzodhana ke anusAra aba gadhe kI sevA zartoM ko iMsAnoM kI sevA-zartoM ke mutAbika DhAlate hue sunizcita kara diyA gayA hai ki koI gadhe se ATha ghaMTe se jyAdA kAma nahIM legA aura yahI nahIM, use hara tIna ghaMTe para pAnI pIne aura chaha ghaMTe bAda khAnA khAne kI bhI chuTTI dI jAyegI, sAtha hI yaha bhI taya kiyA gayA hai ki gadhoM se sUryAsta se sUryodaya ke bIca koI kAma nahIM karAyA jaayegaa| ___1965 meM bane 'pazu-krUratA-nirodhaka-kAnUna' meM hAla meM kie gae eka saMzodhana ke bAre meM jArI adhisUcanA meM gadhe kI sevA-zarte iMsAnoM kI sevA-zartoM ke karIba lAne kI koziza kI gaI hai aura yaha sevA-zarte gadhoM para lAgU nahI hoMgI; balki usakI nasla ke karIbI jAnavaroM jaise ghor3e, TaTTa aura khaccaroM para bhI lAgU hogii| ina sevA-zartoM meM gadhoM kI kAma kI sImA bhI taya kI gaI hai| aisA nahIM hai ki ina ATha ghaMToM meM Apa unase anApa-zanApa gadhoM kI taraha hI kAma karAte rheNge| ina ATha ghaMToM ke daurAna Apa unheM pratighaMTA chaha kilomITara aura pUre kAryadivasa meM hada se hada 45 kilomITara taka hI paidala calavA skeNge| gadhe, ghor3e, TaTTU aura khaccara hI nahIM gAya, bhaiMsa, bher3a, bakariyoM aura sUaroM ko bhI isa nae kAnUna ke tahata kAphI chUTa dI gaI hai| ___ hAla hI meM bhArata ke rAjapatra meM jArI isa adhisUcanA ke anusAra gAya aura bhaiMsoM ko bhI aba eka jagaha se dUsarI jagaha paidala le jAte samaya pratidina ATha ghaMTe se jyAdA nahIM hAMkA jA skegaa| gAyoM ko prati ghaMTA cAra kilomITara kI raphtAra se aura ATha ghaMToM meM hada se hada 30 ki0mI0 laMbA hAMkA jA skegaa| isa dorAna use pratyeka do ghaMTe bAda pIne ke lie pAnI aura cAra ghaMTe bAda bhojana ke lie vizrAma denA anivArya hogaa| bhaiMsa ko gAya se bhI jyAdA ArAma diyA gayA hai| unheM prati ghaMTA tIna kilomITara aura ATha ghaMTe meM jyAdA se jayAdA 25 ki0mI0 hI hAMkane kI anumati hogii| isake alAvA gAya aura bhaiMsa ke bachar3oM ko dinabhara meM chaha ghaMTe se jyAdA nahIM hAMkA jA sakegA, aura unheM prati ghaMTA DhAI ki0mI0 tathA chaha ghaMTe meM adhikatama 16 ki0mI0 paidala calAne kI anumati hogii| adhisUcanA meM yaha bhI spaSTa kara diyA prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 083

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gayA hai ki bhArI varSA, AMdhI, tUphAna yA bhISaNa sUkhe yA umasa ke mausama meM jAnavaroM ke kAphiloM ko paidala le jAne kI anumati nahIM hogii| sAmAjika nyAya evaM adhikAritA maMtrAlaya dvArA jArI isa adhisUcanA ke anusAra jAnavaroM kA kAphilA hAMkate samaya unheM tIna ghaMTe para pAnI pilAne ke bAda 20 minaTa kA aura cArA khilAne ke bAda eka ghaMTe kA vizrAma diyA jaayegaa| aisI zikAyateM aksara sunane meM AtI rahatI haiM ki jAnavaroM vizeSata: gAya-bhaiMsoM ke kAphiloM ko binA cArA-pAnI ke niraMtara mIloM-mIla calAyA jAtA hai aura rAste meM bhUkhA-pyAsA, thakA-hArA koI pazu yadi niDhAla hokara gira jAye, to use jabarana calane ko majabUra karane ke lie usakI AMkhoM yA guptAMgoM meM mirca DAla dI jAtI hai yA pUMcha hI tor3a dI jAtI hai| aSTi sUcanA meM cetAvanI dI gaI hai ki koI bhI vyakti pazuoM ko calane yA usakI cAla meM tejI lAne ke lie majabUra karane ke uddezya se kisI cAbuka yA lAThI kA prayoga nahIM karegA aura na hI pazu ke zarIra ke kisI bhAga meM mirca yA anya padArtha kA istemAla kregaa| ___ paidala hA~ke jAne vAle pratyeka pazu kI bAbata pazu-cikitsaka se yaha pramANapatra lenA hogA ki vaha paidala hA~ke jAne kI hAlata meM hai aura use koI saMkrAmaka yA parajIvI- roga nahIM hai| jina pazuoM ne pichale 72 ghaMToM ke daurAna janma diyA hai yA agale kucha dinoM meM janma dene kI saMbhAvanA hai, unheM tathA aise navajAta- pazuoM jinakI nAbhi pUrI taraha sUkhI nahIM hai, asvastha, aMdhe-laMgar3e yA thake-hAre haiM, ko paidala kAphile meM zAmi nahIM kiyA jA skegaa| laMbI dUrI taka hA~ke jAne vAle kAphiloM ke pazuoM meM ApasI mela-milApa kI bhI vyavasthA kI gaI hai, jisase ve eka-dUsare se bhaTakeM nhiiN| isameM kahA gayA hai ki paidala kAphilA zurU hone se kama se kama eka saptAha pahale usameM zAmila hone vAle pazuoM ko 'Ana phArma sAmAjika samUha' meM eka sAtha rakhA jaaye| ye niyama pazuoM ko paidala hAMkane kI usa sthiti meM lAgU hoMge, jaba aise kAphile ke AraMbha ke gA~va, zahara yA nagara kI sImA ke aMtima-lakSya kI dUrI pA~ca kilomITara yA usase adhika ho| aise kAphile ke daurAna pazuoM ke svAmI yA unheM hAMkanevAle vyakti ke pAsa pazuoM ke lie paryApta prAthamika-cikitsA-sAmagrI aura pAnI tathA cAre kI upalabdhatA bhI anivArya kara dI gaI hai| yaha bhI spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki pazuoM ko hAMkane ke daurAna yadi kisI pazu ko bAMdhane kI AvazyakatA huI, to usake sirpha gale meM hI rassI bAMdhI jA sakegI, paira yA nAka meM nahIM aura yaha rassI bhI cAroM tarapha se gaddIdAra vastu se lipaTI honI caahie| yaha bhI ki eka rassI meM do se jyAdA pazu nahIM bAMdhe jAyeMge aura donoM ke bIca kI dUrI kama se kama do phuTa ho aura eka rassI meM baMdhe donoM jAnavaroM kA zArIrika-sAmarthya bhI eka jaisA ho| ina niyamoM kA ullaMghana karate pAye jAne para sipAhI ke Upara ke pada ke kisI bhI pulisa adhikArI ko pazuoM ke svAmI ko nikaTatama maijisTreTa ke pAsa le jAne kA adhikAra hogA, jahA~ use sajA dilavAI jA ske| -(sAbhAra uddhRta - paMjAba kesarI, 29 jUna, 2001, pR0saM0 12) ** 1084 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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jaina Agama - sAhitya meM pratipAdita zramaNoM ke mUlaguNa - DaoN0 jinendra jaina --- bhAratIya-saMskRti meM brAhmaNa-saMskRti va zramaNa-saMskRti - ina donoM kI dhArAyeM pravAhita ho rahI haiN| isIliye brAhmaNa-saMskRti ko pratiSThita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki "agnihotrAdianuSThAna karanevAlA gRhastha hI zreSTha hai / " " mahAbhArata meM bhI jyeSThAzramo gRhI' kahakara ukta kathana kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| jabaki zramaNa - saMskRti ne zramaNa - jIvana ko hI adhika mahattva diyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina AgamoM meM cAhe prathamAnuyoga kA prasaMga ho, cAhe karaNAnuyoga kA ho yA phira dravyAnuyoga kA, unameM kisI na kisI rUpa meM caraNAnuyoga ke sUtra bIjarUpa meM bikhare hue prApta ho jAte haiM / 1 zramaNa-saMskRti ne AdhyAtmika vikAsa para atyadhika bala diyA hai / zramaNa kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama (guNasthAna kI apekSA se) meM chaThA sthAna hai| vaha yadi nirantara AcAradharma ko pariSkRta karate hue UrdhvamukhI - vikAsa karatA rahe, to anta meM caudahaveM-guNasthAna kI bhavyabhUmikA meM pahu~ca jAtA hai aura phira sadA-sarvadA ke lie siddha-buddha aura mukta ho jAtA hai jaina-zramaNoM kI pravrajyA kA mUla uddezya kahA gayA hai - vibhAva se haTakara svabhAva meM ramaNa karanA, parabhAva se haTakara svabhAva meM AnA, pradarzana ke sthAna para Atmadarzana karanA Adi / aura ina uddezyoM ko prakaTa karanevAle aneka sUtra jaise-- "je egaM jANai se savvaM jANai, je savvaM jANai se egaM jANaI', saMpikkhae appagamappaeNaM Adi jaina AgamoM meM bhare par3e haiM / AcAra kI zuddhatA ke binA manuSya na to duHkhoM se hI mukta ho sakatA aura na hI zAzvata-sukha prApta kara sakatA hai / pratyeka prANI kI AtmA meM, jo aprakaTarUpa meM paramAtmA hai, anaMtazakti vidyamAna hai, jisako prApta karane ke lie 'AcAra-mArga' kA anusaraNa anivArya hai| jaina dharma meM AcAramArga ke do rUpa pratipAdita haiN| prathama vaha rUpa, jisameM vyakti vratAdi AcAradharma kA deza, kAla va zakti Adi ke anusAra ekadeza- - pAlana karatA hai| jainadharma meM use 'zrAvakAcAra' kahA jAtA hai / aura dvitIya vaha rUpa jise sAkSAt mukti kA kAraNa kahA jAtA hai / isameM mahAvratAdirUpa AcAradharma kA sarvadeza va akhaNDa - pAlana karanA anivArya hai, aisA vaha AcAradharma muni- - AcAra yA 'zramaNAcAra' kahA jAtA hai / ata: yahA~ para muniyoM-zramaNoM ke mUlaguNa va uttaraguNa-svarUpa AcAradharma ke AMzika Agamika 1 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001 - 85

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saMdarbho ko prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| Agametara-sAhitya - upAMga va vyAkhyA-sAhitya tathA paravartI-sAhitya meM bhI AcAradharma se anuprANita una sUtroM ko bar3I sUkSmatA ke sAtha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| mukti kA avyAbAdha-sukha prApta karane kA mUla AcAra hai| mokSa kA sAkSAt- kAraNa AcAra hI hai| isItaraha jJAna aura darzana kA sAra bhI 'AcAra' kahA gayA hai| pravacana meM cAritrasaMyamarUpa AcAradharma ke phala kI ArAdhanA kahI gayI hai| isaprakAra AcAra kI pramukhatA ke kAraNa hI Agama samagra jaina-AcAra kI AdhArazilA kahe gaye haiN| zramaNa-jIvana kI sAdhanA kA jo zabda-citra 'AcArAMga' (ardhamAgadhI) va mUlAcAra' (zaurasenI) meM upalabdha hotA hai, vaha anupameya va anUThA hai| jainAgama para AcArAtmaka dRSTi ___zvetAmbara-jaina-AmnAya ke anusAra mahAvIra kI saMkalita dvAdazAMgI-vANI meM AcAradharma kA pratipAdana karanevAlA pradhAna-graMtha hai-- 'AcArAMga' / usake pratyeka adhyayana meM zramaNa-dharma ke mUlaguNoM se sambandhita vivecana diyA gayA hai| 'zastraparijJA' nAmaka prathama adhyayana meM hiMsA kA varjana kara sAdhu ko ahiMsAdharma meM pratiSThita rahane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| lokavijaya' nAmaka dvitIya adhyayana meM kaSAyoM ko tapa va saMyama ke mAdhyama se jItane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| parISahoM ko jItakara anukUla-pratikUla avasthA meM samatAdharma kA dRr3hatA se pAlana-karAnevAlA zItoSNIya-adhyayana hai| zeSa adhyayanoM meM karmamala ko naSTakara sArarUpa mokSa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya-zrutaskaMdha meM bhI zramaNAcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga' ke prathama-zrutaskaMdha ke prathama se lekara dasaveM-sthAna taka gRhastha aura zramaNoM kI AcAra saMhitA dI gaI hai| 'samavAyAMga' meM bhI mahAvratoM, samitiyoM, tapa, parISahoM Adi mUla va uttara guNoM ko sammilitarUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA gayA hai| 'bhagavatIsUtra' to eka aisA graMtha hai, jisameM vizva kI pratyeka vidyA ko pratyakSa-parokSa rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA hai| ata: zramaNa dharma kI sUkSmatA ke sAtha vivecana isa graMtha meM kiyA gayA hai| aneka dharmakathAoM ke mAdhyama se zramaNa-jIvana kI AdhyAtmika zuddhi va vikAsa ko jJAtAdharmakathAMga sUtra' meM bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se diyA gayA hai| praznavyAkaraNa' meM pAMcoM svara dvAroM dvArA kiyA gayA nirUpaNa mahAvrata kI pRSThabhUmi meM sahayogI hai| sAtha hI una vratoM kI bhAvanAoM dvArA bhI zramaNAcAra-saMhitA kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra' va 'dazavaikAlika' nAmaka mUlasUtra zramaNAcAra ke merudaNDa hai| inake adhyayana-adhyApana ke binA zramaNa kA AcAradharma nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| zaurasenI-Agama tathA usakI paramparA meM likhita sAhitya meM bhI zramaNadharma ko paryApta-vivecana kiyA gayA hai| siddhAnta-granthoM ke atirikta niyamAsAra, aSTapAhuDa, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanAkAra Adi granthoM meM bhI zramaNa ke AcAradharma ko vyAkhyAMgita kiyA gayA hai| 0086 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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mUlaguNa ___ 'mUla' aura 'guNa' ina zabdoM ke mela se banA hai-- muulgunn| isameM 'mUla' zabda kA artha hai-- mukhya athavA pradhAna / tathA 'guNa' zabda kA artha hai- dharma, svabhAva, indriyajanya svabhAva, lakSaNa, vizeSatA, zreSThatA, upayoga, phala, zubhapariNAma, dhAgA aadi|' kintu yahA~ para dharma dharma-svabhAva yA lakSaNa artha hI abhidheya hai| ata: zramaNoM ke mukhya-dharma yA svabhAva ko hI 'mUlaguNa' kahA jAtA hai| ye guNa sAdhu ko anivAryarUpa se pAlana karanA hotA hai| mumukSu ko dIkSA ke samaya jina mahAvratoM Adi guNoM ko akhaNDarUpa meM dhAraNa kara unakA sarvadeza pAlana karanA anivArya kahA gayA hai, ve mUlaguNa haiN| zramaNadharma kaSAyoM kA upazamana, rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti tathA zAnti aura samatArUpa hai| zramaNa-veSa meM pratiSThita jIva jahA~ apanI bAhya vizuddhi karatA hai, vahIM AtmakalyANa ke nimitta, kaSAyoM kA upazamana, rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti, zAMti Adi ke dvArA apanA AdhyAtmika-samutkarSa bhI karatA hai| jisake ullekha jainAgamoM meM yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiN| zramaNa ke do cihna (liMga) - aMtaraMga aura bahiraMga, kahe gaye haiN| aMtaraMga arthAt mUrchA aura Arambharahita, upayoga va yogayukta tathA parApekSA-rahita, aisA zrAmaNya kA liMga tathA yathAjAta-bAlaka ke samAna zuddha, AkiMcanya evaM nirvikArarUpa bahiraMga-liMga ke dhAraka zramaNa kI paripUrNatA tabhI hai, jaba vaha jJAna, darzana aura cAritra meM ArUr3ha ekAgracitta ho prayatnapUrvaka mUlaguNoM kA pAlana karatA hai| muni jina mUlaguNoM ko dhAraNakara zramaNadharma meM dIkSita hotA hai, unakI saMkhyA 27 va 28 dI gaI hai| ardhamAgadhI meM inakI saMkhyA 27 nirdiSTa hai, jabaki zaurasenI AgamoM meM mUlaguNoM kI 28 saMkhyA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| mUlaguNoM ke nAmoM kI sUcI nIce dI jA rahI hai :mUlAcAra meM varNita samavAyAMgasUtra meM varNita paMcamahAvrata: pA~ca mahAvrata 1. ahiMsA 1. prANAtipAta-viramaNa 2. satya 2. mRSAvAda-viramaNa, 3. acaurya 3. adattAdAna-viramaNa, 4. brahmacarya 4. maithuna-viramaNa, 5. aparigraha 5. parigraha-viramaNa, pA~ca samitiyA~ pA~ca indriya-nigraha : 6. IryAsamiti 6. zrotendriya-nigraha 7. bhASAsamiti 7. cakSurindriya-nigraha 8. eSaNAsamiti 8. ghANendriya-nigraha 9. nikSepAdAna samiti 9. rasanendriya-nigraha 10. pratiSThApanA-samiti 10. sparzendriya-nigraha prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 0087

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pA~ca indriya-nigraha cAra kaSAyoM kA tyAga : 11. cakSurindriya-nigraha 11. krodhatyAga 12. zrAtratendriya-nigraha 12. mAnatyAga 13. ghrANendriya-nigraha 13. mAyAtyAga 14. jihvA dandriya-nigraha 14. lobhatyAga 15.spazendriya-nigraha SaDAvazyaka* : anya guNa 16. sAmAyika 15. bhAvasatya (AMtarika pavitratA). 17. caturviMzatistava 16. karaNasatya (kriyA/upAdhi kI pavitratA) 18. vaMdanA 17. yogasatya (mana, vacana, kAya kA samyaka pravartana) 19.pratikramaNa 18. kSamA 20. pratyAkhyAna 19.virAgatA 21. kAyotsarga sAta anya mUlaguNa :22. loca (kezaloMca) 20. mana-samAdhAraNatA (saMkocana) 23. Acelakya 21. vacana-samAdhAraNatA (saMkocana) 24. asnAna 22. kAya-samAdhAraNatA (saMkocana) 25. kSitizayana 23. jJAna-sampannatA 26. adantagharSaNa 24. darzana-sampannatA 27. sthitibhojana 25. cAritra-sampannatA 28. eka bhakta 26. vedanA-adhisahana 27. maraNAntika-adhisahana zramaNAcAra kA prArambha uparyukta mUlaguNoM se hotA hai| jisa kSaNa se zramaNadharma svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, usI kSaNa se sabhI prakAra ke sAvadhakriyArUpoM kA trividhayoga va trikaraNa kI vizuddhi dvArA sadA ke liye tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| paMcAdhyAyI' meM bhI kahA hai- vRkSamUla ke samAna muni ke ina mUlaguNoM meM na to kabhI nyUnatA hogI aura na hI adhiktaa| inase hI munidharma siddha ho skegaa|" jo muni mUlaguNoM ko chor3akara bAhyayoga karatA hai, aise sAdhu ke sabhI yoga nirarthaka ho jAte haiN| isIliye kahA hai ki mUlaguNoM se vihIna sAdhu uttaraguNoM ke dvArA karmakSaya nahIM kara sktaa| kevala uttaraguNoM ke paripAlana meM prayatnazIla evaM pUjA-pratiSThA Adi kI nirantara icchA karanevAle zramaNa kA prayatna mUlaghAtaka hotA hai|" 'samavAyAMgasUtra' evaM 'mUlAcAra' meM nirdiSTa ukta mUlaguNoM ke atirikta uttarAdhyayanasUtra 1088 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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zAntisUrikRta vRhadavRtti", AcArya haribhadrakRta AvazyakavRtti," pravacanasAra" evaM bhagavatI ArAdhanA" Adi graMthoM meM bhI mUlaguNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / 'bhagavatI sUtra 24 evaM prakIrNaka"-sAhitya meM anagAra ke mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa ke bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai; kintu unakA nAmollekha vahA~ nahIM kiyA gyaa| balki ina guNoM kI ArAdhanA meM kisI prakAra kI huI virAdhanA kA pratyAkhyAna karane kI carcA kI gaI hai| yahA~ yaha bAta vizeSa ullekhanIya hai ki mUlaguNoM kI saMkhyA meM jahA~ 27 guNoM kA nirdeza 'samavAyAMga' meM kiyA gayA hai, paravartI TIkA - sAhitya meM unake nAmoM meM paryApta aMtara dikhAI detA hai| 'uttarAdhyayana vRhadvRtti' evaM 'AvazyakavRtti' meM nAmollekha meM ekarUpatA hai / arthAt jahA~ 'samavAyAMga' meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha - ina cAra guNoM kA tyAga tathA yogasatya, jJAna, darzana va cAritra-sampannatA ko svIkRta kiyA gayA hai, vahI ukta donoM vRttiyoM meM ina guNoM ke sthAna para rAtribhojana, tyAga, pRthvI - ap-tejasu-vAyu-vanaspati aura trasa ina SaTakAyika jIvoM kA saMyama aura yoga - yuktatA - ina ATha mUlaguNoM ko svIkRta kiyA gayA hai / isIprakAra 'mUlAcAra' meM nirdiSTa guNoM ke nAmoM tathA 'samavAyAMga' aura donoM vRttiyoM meM ullikhita mUlaguNoM ke nAmoM meM evaM saMkhyA meM bhI aMtara dikhAI detA hai / kintu paramparA kI dRSTi se eka do mUlaguNa ko chor3akara zeSa mUlaguNoM ko sUkSmatA se yadi adhyayana kareM, to donoM graMthoM meM mAnya-guNa yA to mUlaguNoM meM samAhita haiM, yA uttaraguNoM meN| donoM graMthoM kI tAlikA meM pA~ca mahAvratoM evaM 5 indriya - nigraha kA samAna vidhAna hai| samitiyoM ko mUlaguNoM meM rakhane para cAroM kaSAyoM ke varjana kA samAhAra ho jAtA hai| jabaki 'samavAyAMga' meM cAroM kaSAyoM ko mUlaguNoM meM rakhA gayA hai / aura samitiyoM kA uttaraguNoM meM samAveza ho jAtA hai| 'kezaloMca' nAmaka mUlaguNa 'kAya - samAdhAraNatA' (saMkocana - kleza) meM nihita hai / isIprakAra SaDAvazyaka muniyoM kI dainika AcAra saMhitA ( kriyA-kalApa ) ke aMtargata mAnya hai / aura SaTakAyika jIvoM ke prati saMyama kA vidhAna 'ahiMsA' nAmaka prathama mUlaguNa meM nihita kahA jA sakatA hai| 'aSTa pravacanamAtA' 26 kA ullekha jainAgamoM meM milatA hai| ve 5 samitiyA~ evaM 3 guptiyA~ milakara 'aSTa-pravacanamAtA' kahI gaI hai / jinheM zramaNa anivAryarUpa se pAlatA hai| mahAvratoM ko surakSita rakhane tathA dharma meM ekaniSTha rahane hetu 'pravacanamAtA' kA vizeSa mahattva va yogadAna hai| Acelakya kA ullekha sAdhu ke 10 sthitikalpoM meM sarvaprathama kiyA gayA hai| ardhamAgadhI - Agama meM sthiti - bhojana kA vidhAna nahIM hai, kyoMki AhAra svasthAna para lAkara karane kA vidhAna hai| isakA ullekha 'dazavaikAlika sUtra' 28 meM vistAra se kiyA gayA hai I isataraha donoM paramparAoM ke graMthoM meM jahA~ mUlaguNoM ke nAmoM meM vaividhya hai, vahA~ mAtra zAbdika-bheda hI pradhAna hai / yadyapi mUlaguNoM ke anantara pAlana karane yogya uttaraguNoM meM dRr3hatA inhIM mUlaguNoM nimitta se hI prApta hotI hai| ataH sUkSmatA se inakA adhyayana karane prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara 2001 0089

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para hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki paramparAbhedamUlaka guNa (nAgnya yA Acelakya) ke atirikta zeSa samasta mUlaguNoM kI vidyamAnatA kisI na kisI rUpa meM donoM jagaha hai| sandarbha graMtha-sUcI 1. manusmRti 6/89 / mahAbhArata, zAntiparva 23/5 1 3. AyAro, 3/4/741 4. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, gAthA 11 / 5. vahI, 11 / 6. vahI, 14 / 7. saMskRta-hindI koza (ApTe), pR0 346 / 8. pravacanasAra, gAthA 202-7, tathA 214 evaM 242 / 9. mUlAcAra, 1/2-31 10. samavAyAMgasUtra, samavAya 27/11 11. mUlAcAra, 1/4 / 12. vahI, 1/10 / 13. vahI, 1/16 / 14. vahI, 1/22 / 15. mUlAcAra 9/34 (802) / 16. vRkSamUla se tAtparya hai 'harita vanaspati' / usake tRNa, chAla, patte, koMpala, kaMdamUla, phala, puSpa, bIja Adi sabhI ke ghAta kA niSedha zramaNa-dharma meM hai| 17. paMcAdhyAyI, uttarArddha, 743-44 / 18. (ka) mUlAcAra 10/27(920), (kha) mUlAcAra, AcAravRtti TIkA 10/27 / 19. paMcaviMzatikA (paTAnandi) 1/40 / 20. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 31/18, vRhavRtti, patra 6/6 / 21. Avazyaka-hAribhadrIyA vRtti, pR0 113 / / 22. pravacanasAra, 208 / 23. bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM yatra-tatra sampUrNa graMtha meM anagAra ke mUlaguNoM kA vivecana huA hai| 24. bhagavatIsUtra, 7/2 / 25. prakIrNaka - mahApratyAkhyAna gAthA 12, prakAzaka - Agama, a0sa0prA0saM0 udayapura 1912 / 26. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 24/11 27. (ka) bhagavatI ArAdhanA 421, (kha) kalpasUtra meM (i) sAmAyika saMgama / (ii) chedopasthApanI saMyama / (iii) nirvizyamAna, (iv) niviSTa kAyika, (v) jinnakalpa, (vi) sthivirakalpa sthiti -ina 6 kalpasthiti kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| 28. dazavaikAlikasUtra ke piNDaiSaNA' evaM 'drumapuSpikA' nAmaka adhyayana vizeSa draSTavya haiN| 00 90 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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vidizA ke bar3e jaina mandira ke kucha mUrti-lekha -kundana lAla jaina 'vidizA' ko yUropIya vidvAn apane uccAraNa kI suvidhA ke liye 'bhilasA, bhelasA, bhIlasA' Adi nAmoM kA prayoga karate the, para svataMtratA-prApti ke pazcAt prAcInatama-granthoM meM ullikhita vidizA' nAma hI sunizcita kiyA gyaa| prAgaitihAsika kAla meM yaha bhagavAn zItalanAtha kI janmabhUmi bhaddilapura, bhadrAvalI Adi nAmoM se vikhyAta rahI hai| guptakAla ke aitihAsika pramANa yahA~ upalabdha hote haiN| udayagiri kI kucha jaina guphAyeM to guptakAla se bhI prAcIna lagatI haiM, ata: yaha pradeza jaina-saMskRti ke prAcInatama-sthaloM meM se eka hai| pAsa hI sAMcI ke bauddha-stUpoM meM jahA~ mahAtmA buddha ke ziSya sAriputta aura mahAmoggalAyana ke asthiavazeSa prApta huye haiM, ke tulya prAcInatA to isa pradeza ko prApta hotI hI hai, ata: vidizA ke aura adhika prAcIna itihAsa kI vizeSa carcA na karate huye yahA~ ke bar3e maMdira kI carcA karU~gA, jahA~ bahuta sI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ pratiSThita haiM, jinake mUrti-lekha yahA~ prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| vidizA kA prAcInatama jaina-maMdira 'zItalanAtha digambara jaina bar3A mandira' ke nAma se vikhyAta hai, jo lagabhaga DhAI sau varSa prAcIna hai| prAraMbha meM yaha eka caityAlaya ke rUpa meM pratiSThita kiyA gayA thA, jisakI puSTi samavasaraNa ke dakSiNadvAra ke Upara choTe Ale meM utkIrNita Alekha se hotI hai| Alekha nimnaprakAra hai- "zrI Adi jina saM0 1759 varSe baisAkha sudI 10 zanIcara zrI mUlasaMghe, sarasvatI gacche, balAtkAragaNe bhaTTAraka zrI padmakIrti devAstatpade bha0 zrI sakalakIrti devAstatpahe bha0 zrI surendrakIrti devAstacchiSya bra0 zAMtidAsasya sutena paM0 bhAgIrathena idaM caityAlayaM kArApitaM / vardhatAM jinazAsanaM zubhaM bhavatu kalyANamastu zrIgurucaraNa trikAlavaMdanA praNamati / zrI zrI shrii|" isI tithi kA eka aura Alekha vahA~ vidyamAna hai jisase kucha aura adhika bhavana nirmANa kI sUcanA milatI hai, jo nimnaprakAra hai:___"zrI Adijina prazastavaMdanAkhyAtA: caturviMzati saM0 1759 varSe baisAkha sudI 10 zanIcara zrI mUlasaMghe sarasvatI gacche kuMdakudAcAryAnvaye bha0 dharmakIrti devAstatpaTTe bha0 zrI padmakIrti devAstatpaTTe bha0 jagatkIrti devAstatpaTTe bha0 zrI sakalakIrti devAstatpa? prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 0091

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bha0 tribhuvanakIrti bha0 candrakIrti brahmacArI zAMtidAsa: tatputra paM0 bhAgIratha paM0 sabhAcaMda baDakura nandalAlA bhrAtA lAlA bhagavaMtarAya baDakura goredAsa zyAmadAsa siMghaI lAlamani va baMsIdAsa, bhaiyyA ToDaramala paTela, haMsarAja, bhaiyyA.... dAsa banie dAsa..... baMgulA banAI haMsarAja va shyaamdaas|" . dhIre-dhIre vaha caityAlaya bar3hatA-bar3hatA Aja itane vizAla parisara vAlA bar3A bhArI jinamaMdira bana gayA hai, jo vidizA kI zAna hai aura isakI prasiddhi kile ke bhItara ke bar3e maMdira' ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai aura vidizA ke 20-25 jina maMdiroM meM sarvazreSTha hai aura aitihAsika dRSTi se sarvAdhika pratiSThita hai| ___ uparyukta AlekhoM tathA mUrtiyoM meM ullikhita nAmAvalI se yaha suspaSTa hotA hai ki yahA~ 'balAtkAra gaNa' kI 'jerahaTa' zAkhA ke bhaTTArakoM kA varcasva rahA hai tathA unake brahmacArI zAMtidAsa jI pratiSThita dhArmika puruSa the, jinake putra bhAgIratha aura samIcaMda isa maMdira ke mUla-adhiSThAtA rahe aura bAda meM dhIre-dhIre unhIM ke prayAsa se yaha mandira Age bar3hatA rhaa| yahA~ eka mahattvapUrNa kRti muni mahAkIrti kI vidyamAna hai, jinhoMne sallekhanA-dhAraNa kara samAdhimaraNa liyA hogA; isIliye isa mUrti kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hogaa| isa mUrti para tIna paMktiyoM kA Alekha utkIrNita hai| isa mUrti kI carcA anyatra kI gaI hai, sudhI pAThaka 'anekAnta darpaNa' kA vArSika aMka dekheN| ___aMta: isa maMdira kI kucha mUrtiyoM ke mUrti lekha yathAvat prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| yahA~ udayagiri ke pAsa betavA aura dhasAna nadI kA saMgama-sthala bhI atiprasiddha hai| isa lekha kI taiyArI meM zrI gulAbacaMda jI rAjakamala sTorsa, zrI lakSmIcaMda jI rasika' tathA zrI bAbUlAla jI pUrva-rajisTrAra kA sahayoga prApta huA, ata: tInoM mahAnubhAvoM ke prati AbhAra vyakta karatA huuN| dharmahI pAra utAregA eka pyAsA hAthI tAlAba meM gayA aura kIcar3a meM phaMsa gyaa| use nikAlane choTe-choTe aneka pazu Ae, lekina nikAla nahIM paaye| AcArya ne kahA "ise nikAlane ke lie to dUsarA hAthI hI lAnA par3egA, vahI ise bAhara nikAla sakatA hai|" ThIka isIprakAra manuSya svayaM hI saMsAra sAgara (kIcar3a) meM phaMsa rahA hai, kevala dharma hI use pAra utAra sakatA hai| tIrthaMkara rAma, kRSNa Adi jitane bhI mahApuruSa hue haiM, saba dharma ke kAraNa hI mahAn bane haiN| hameM dharma kI chatra-chAyA hI pAra utAregI, ata: dharma kI hI zaraNa lo| --(AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pravacana kA aMza) ** 00 92 . prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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yUnIkoDa ne devanAgarI ke 'halaMta' ko 'virAma' banA diyA -vinoda vArSNeya 'yUnIkoDa' bhAratIya bhASAoM kI kaMpyUTara-takanAlaoNjiyoM ke vikAsa meM bAdhA banA huA hai| lipiyoM ke vizvastarIya mAnakIkaraNa ke nAma para 'yUnIkoDa' kaMsorziyama banAyA gayA thaa| lakSya thA ki duniyA kI samasta lipiyoM-saMbaMdhI sophTaveyara eka hI mAnaka-koDa 'yUnIkoDa' ke AdhAra para taiyAra hoN| . lekina 'yUnIkoDa' ne bhAratIya-bhASAoM ke khilApha kaI anyAya kiye haiN| 'sUcanApraudyogikI maMtrAlaya' kI ora se bhASAyI-takanAlaoNjI masale para pichale dinoM Ayojita eka baiThaka meM bhAga lene Aye vizeSajJoM ke anusAra bhArata ko 'yUnIkoDa' kA bahiSkAra kara denA cAhie, jisa taraha cIna aura jApAna ne kiyA hai| udhara isa masale para sarakArI-rAya hai ki hameM 'yUnIkoDa' svIkAra kara lenA cAhie; kyoMki bhaviSya meM pracalana isI kA hone vAlA hai| mAikrosaoNphTa, oNraikala jaisI sabhI bahurASTrIya kaMpaniyA~ isako apanA rahI haiN| bhArata isa mAmale meM zeSa duniyA se kaTakara nahIM raha sktaa| bhArata ne hAla hI meM 'yUnIkoDa-saMkula' (kaMsorziyama) kI sadasyatA grahaNa kI hai aura ise voTiMga-adhikAra bhI milA hai| voTa kI isa tAkata ke AdhAra para kahA jA rahA hai "yUnIkoDa ke naye saMskaraNa meM bhAratIya-bhASAoM ke sAtha huI jyAdatiyoM ko dUra kara diyA jaaegaa|" lekina vizeSajJa pUchate haiM ki "kyA yUnIkoDa kI zarte isakI ijAjata deNgii| niSpakSa vizeSajJoM kA mAnanA hai ki yUnIkoDa kI zartoM meM zAmila hai ki jaba eka akSara (karaikTara) ko koDabaddha kara diyA jAegA, to isa koDa ko na phira haTAyA jAegA aura na hI usakA nAma va sthAna badalA jaaegaa|" vizeSajJa pUchate haiM ki "aisI sthiti hai, to yUnIkoDa meM devanAgarI ke 'halaMta' ko jo virAma' nAma de diyA gayA hai use kaise ThIka kiyA jAegA?" isItaraha kI samasyAyeM yUnIkoDa meM kaI haiN| masalana ur3iyA-bhASA ke koDa meM devanAgarI ke 'va' kA ur3iyA-samAnaka gAyaba hai| tamila ke visarga ko lekara bhI samasyAyeM haiN| ullekhanIya hai ki bhAratIya bhASAoM ke lie deza meM pahale se hI mAnaka taya kiye jA cuke haiN| lekina 'yUnIkoDa' meM isake purAne (1988 ke) saMskaraNa ko hI zAmila kiyA gayA hai, jabaki 1991 kA saMskaraNa taiyAra thaa| vizeSajJoM ko AzaMkA hai ki bhArata ko bezaka prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 93

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voTiMga-adhikAra milA hai, jo eka taraha se vITo adhikAra ke samakakSa hai, isake bAvajUda cAra sAla bAda jaba yUnIkoDa kA cauthA-saMskaraNa jArI kiyA jAegA, to bhArata usameM apanI bhASAoM kI jarUratoM ke mAphika parivartana nahIM karA paaegaa| vizeSajJoM kA kahanA hai ki yUnIkoDa ekataraha se bahurASTrIya saoNphTaveyara kaMpaniyoM kI vyApArika-dAdAgIrI hai aura bhArata ko ise svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| hamane jaba apane mAnaka taya kiye haiM, to hameM una para hI kAyama rahanA cAhie, na ki yUnIkoDa ke cakkara meM apane hitoM ko chor3anA caahie| lekina sarakAra se kahIM jyAdA bhArata kA saoNphTaveyara-udyoga isa mAmale meM suvidhA kI sthiti meM hai| bhAratIya-mAnakoM ko iskI' (iMDiyana skripTa sTaiMDarDa phaoNra sTaiMDarDa koDa inphaoNrmezana iMTaraceMja) ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| isakI acchAI yaha batAI jAtI hai ki yaha bhArata kI caudaha-bhASAoM ke kaMpyUTara-AdhArita-lipyaMtaraNa (TrAMsaliTarezana) kA kAma bahuta AsAnI se kara sakatA hai| isake alAvA vibhinna bhAratIya bhASAoM ko eka hI TeksTa meM sAtha-sAtha likhanA ho, jaise baMgalA ke sAtha gujarAtI yA hindI ke sAtha kannar3a, to vaha kAma AsAnI se kiyA jA sakatA hai| 'yUnIkoDa' se yaha saMbhava nhiiN| -(rASTriya hindI dainika se sAbhAra uddhRta) eka hI guNa sampUrNa doSoM ko dUra kara detA hai. 'vyAlAzrayApi viphalApi saMkaTakApi, vakrApi paMkilabhavApi durAsadAvi / ekena baMdhurasaketakI sarvajantu, eko guNa: khalu nihaMti samastadoSa / / ' artha :- ketakI-puSpa kA vRkSa sarpa se lipaTA hotA hai, phalarahita hotA hai, kAMTe sahita hotA hai, vakra hota hai, kIcar3a meM paidA hotA hai, durAsada hotA hai; tathApi sabhI ko bandhu jaise priya hotA hai, kyoMki usakA eka sugaMdhamaya guNa hI usake sampUrNa doSoM ko naSTa kara detA hai| ** eka bAra eka videzI paryaTaka bhArata aayaa| karnATaka rAjya ke belagAma nAmaka grAma meM usane dekhA ki kisI ne ghAsa calate hue gadhe ke pA~va meM rassI bA~dha rakhI hai|| videzI paryaTaka yaha dekhakara Azcaryacakita evaM du:khI ho gayA ki bhArata jaise ahiMsApradhAna saMskRtivAle deza meM aisA kaise hai| usane Age bar3hakara gadhe ke paira khola diye| 00 94 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara '2001

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khaNDaharoM kA vaibhava -DaoN0 ramezacanda jaina zrI digambara jaina atizayakSetra sIrona (lalitapura, u0pra0) navodita-tIrtha hai| karIba do mAha pUrva vahA~ se kucha viziSTa kalAkRtiyA~ prApta huI haiM, jinakA saMkSipta vivaraNa isaprakAra hai neminAtha mUrti :- padmAsana neminAtha pratimA kA kaTi se nIce kA alaMkRta-bhAga prApta huA hai| Asana para belabUTe bane hue haiN| ina belabUToM ke nIce zaMkha kI AkRti utkIrNa hai| isase dyotita hotA hai ki mUla-pratimA neminAtha bhagavAn kI rahI hai| zaMkha-cihna ke sAtha tiharI kaTinI banI huI hai| nIce do siMha bane hue haiM, jo sajIva se lagate haiN| donoM siMhoM ke madhya meM cakra banA huA hai| siMhoM ke donoM ora do stambha bane hae haiM, jo tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita haiN| stambhoM ke nIce aura Upara kalAkRti hai| stambhoM ke Upara caukI banI huI hai| donoM stambhoM ke ThIka Upara kalAkRti hai| stambhoM ke Upara caukI banI huI hai| donoM stambhoM ke ThIka Upara caukI ke pAyoM para kamala utkIrNa haiN| siMhoM ke nIce kI vedI ke kinAre kamala kI paMkhur3I banAI gaI hai| mUrti ke bAIM ora ca~vara liye yakSiNI banI huI hai| yakSiNI kA ca~vara liye ye eka hAtha Upara kI ora uThA huA hai, dUsarA hAtha kaTi se nIce rakhe hue hai| yakSiNI ke samIpa kubera kI AkRti kA eka puruSa baiThA huA hai, jisake kAna vakSaHsthala, hAtha, paira, jaMghAyeM AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta haiN| dAyIM ora dhanuSa dhAraNa kiye huye hai| bAyeM hAtha meM nAriyalanumA koI vastu liye hue hai| kubera-mUrti ke keza vizeSa-alaMkRta haiN| kubera ke bAyIM ora stambha banA huA hai| kubera ke Upara prastara para hAthI banA huA hai, hAthI bhI alaMkRta hai| hAthI ke pIche eka mahilA hAtha jor3e baiThI hai| mUrti ke dAyIM ora ambikAdevI kI mUrti hai| ambikA apanI goda meM baccA liye hue hai| ambikA ke bAyIM ora eka strI aura puruSa bane hue haiN| yakSiNI ke Upara prastara para alaMkRta-hAthI banA huA hai| hAthI ke pIche eka puruSa praNAma karane kI mudrA meM baiThA huA hai| zAnti, kuntha aura aranAtha kI mUrti eka anya prastarakhaNDa prApta huA hai| isameM eka tIrthaMkara mUrti 'padmAsana' meM sthita hai| padmAsana-pratimA ke donoM ora kAyotsarga-mudrA meM do tIrthaMkara mUrtiyA~ haiM / ye tInoM mUrtiyA~ zAnti, kantha aura aranAtha kI pratIta hotI haiN| dAyIM ora kI tIrthaMkara mUrti ke dAyIM ora yakSa, yakSiNI haiN| yakSa, yakSiNI ke Upara mAlAdhArI vidyAdhara haiN| tIrthaMkara mUrti ke Upara ur3ate hue vidyAdhara, vidyAdharI haiN| vidyAdharI kI mUrti khaNDita hai, vidyAdhara pUrI taraha surakSita hai| bAyA~ hAtha kucha khaNDita hai, hAtha meM bAjUbandha pahine huye hai| gale meM hAra hai| kAnoM meM kuNDala pahine hue hai| kezoM kA apanA vaiziSTya hai| dAyeM hAtha meM vidyAdhara kamala kI kalI tathA bAyeM hAtha meM daNDa dhAraNa kiye huye hai| yakSiNI ke kamara para AbhUSaNa hai| prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara '2001 00 95

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kSamApanA-parva AtmArAdhanA ke mahAn parva dazalakSaNa ke suavasara para uttamakSamA Adi dasavidha dharmoM kI punIta ArAdhanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa anubhUta nirmalabhAvoM se samasta prANIjagat ke prati huye apane jJAta evaM ajJAta aparAdhoM ke liye prAkRtavidyA-parivAra vinamra kSamAprArthI hai| __ prAkRtavidyA ke jijJAsu-pAThaka-samudAya kA udAra sahayoga evaM preraNA hameM apane pragati-patha ke liye pauSTika-pAtheya kI bhA~ti amUlya sambala detI rahI hai| hama yathAzakti sAvadhAnIpUrvaka sAmagrI kA prakAzana evaM pArasparika vyavahAra karane kI naiSThika ceSTA karate haiM: phira bhI hamAre lekhana, prakAzana yA vyavahAra se hamAre sudhI-pAThakoM ko jo bhI asuvidhA huI ho, usake liye bhI hama vinamra kSamAprArthI haiN| -sampAdaka ** jyoti-parva dIpAvalI ke suavasara para abhinaMdana zAsananAyaka bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ke pAvana 2600veM janmotsava-varSa meM sampUrNa deza aura vizva meM jaina evaM jainetara-samudAya ke loga atyaMta harSa aura ullAsapUrvaka bhagavAn mahAvIra ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kA zraddhAsahita smaraNa kara rahe haiN| AgAmI mAsa meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA 2528vA~ mAMgalika-nirvANadivasa AnevAlA hai| __ prakAzaparva dIpAvalI ke suavasara para prAkRtavidyA-parivAra kI ora se apane sabhI pAThakoM evaM sahayogiyoM ke prati hArdika maMgalakAmanAyeM samarpita haiN| tathA hama bhAvanA karate haiM. ki yaha punIta-parva Apa sabhI ke jIvana meM aMtarabAhya jJAnAloka ko vyApta kara moha aura ajJAna ke timira ko atyaMta dUra kara de| ___kurItiyoM evaM ajJAnatApUrNa saMskAroM se bacakara hama sabhI nirmala-tattvazraddhAna, yathArtha tattvajJAna ke sAtha-sAtha nirdoSa zAstrAnukUla AcaraNa karate huye apane jIvana ko, bhaviSya ko evaM sampUrNa samAja aura rASTra ko jyortimaya kala kI ora le jAne kA saMkalpa kareM, aura mokSapada ke pathika banakara nirvANa-prApti kI ora agrasara hoM; aisI punIta-bhAvanA -sampAdaka 0096 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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pustaka samIkSA __ (1) pustaka kA nAma : kAtantroNAdisUtravRtti: lekhaka : DaoN0 dharmadattacaturvedI prakAzaka : kendrIya ucca tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna, sAranAtha vArANasI saMskaraNa : prathama, 1992 I0 mUlya : 135/- (zAstrAkAra, peparabaika, lagabhaga 400 pRSTha) digambara-jainAcArya zarvavarma-viracita kAtantra vyAkaraNa' bhAratIya vyAkaraNazAstra-paramparA / kA vaha prakAzastambha hai, jisane saMskRtabhASA ke niyamoM kA to parijJAna karAyA hI hai, tatkAlIna lokabhASAoM ke niyamoM kA bhI digdarzana jisameM prApta hotA hai| - isI kAtantra-vyAkaraNa para AcArya dugasiMha-viracita kAtantra-uNAdisUtravRtti' nAmaka isa mahanIya kRti kA garimApUrNa sampAdana evaM TIkAkAraNa kA dAyitva DaoN0 dharmadatta caturvedI ne atyanta zrama evaM niSThApUrvaka nibhAyA haiM tathA kendrIya ucca tibbatI zikSA saMsthAna', sAranAtha (vArANasI, u0pra0) ne isakA uccastarIya prakAzana karAke isakI mahattA evaM upayogitA ko aura bar3hA diyA hai| Adhunika prakAzana ke uccapratimAnoM ke anurUpa isa / prakAzana kI vidvajjagat meM vyApaka upAdeyatA rahegI - aisA vizvAsa hai| vizada saMskRta prastAvanA evaM bhUmikA (hindI) meM vidvAn saMpAdaka ne atyanta upayogI sUcanAoM kA saMkalana karate hue mahattvapUrNa vicAra-binduoM ko prastuta kiyA hai| pAdaTippaNoM meM Agata sUtra-ullekha viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNa meM atyanta upayogI haiN| isa garimApUrNa prakAzana ke lie vidvAn saMpAdaka evaM prakAzana saMsthA abhinaMdanIya haiN| -sampAdaka ** (2) pustaka kA nAma : pramukha aitihAsika jaina puruSa aura mahilAyeM lekhaka : DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina prakAzaka : bhAratIya jJAnapITha, lodhI roDa, naI dillI saMskaraNa : prathama, 2000 I0 mUlya : 85/- (paparabaika, lagabhaga 400 pRSTha) prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 1097

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bhAratIya sabhyatA, saMskRti, samAja, dharma-darzana evaM jJAna-vijJAna ke vividha-kSetroM meM jaina-paramparA ke anuyAyI manISiyoM evaM zrAvaka-manISiyoM kA anupama, mahanIya yogadAna rahA hai| kintu usakA vyavasthita-vivaraNa kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hone se isa kSetra meM eka bahuta bar3e zUnyatva kA anubhava hotA thaa| svanAmadhanya DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jI jaina ne prastuta-kRti ke mAdhyama se isa riktatA kI kisI sImA taka pUrti kI hai tathA avaziSTajanoM ke prati unake yogadAna kI smRti ko surakSita banAne ke lie eka Adarza prastuta to kiyA hI hai, sazakta preraNA bhI dI hai| ___ isameM itihAsa kI mahattA ke viSaya meM jo saMkSipta sAragarbhita vacana haiM, ve apane Apa meM anupama haiN| caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn varddhamAna mahAvIra se lekara vividha rAjavaMzoM, sAmantoM, zreSThiyoM, manISiyoM tathA samAja ke vibhinna-staroM ke jaina-puruSoM va mahilAoM ke yogadAna ko cuna-cunakara saMjone, unakA yathAyogya rIti se zabdAMkana karane tathA deza ke rAjanItika mAnacitra ke anusAra ina sabhI kA 19vIM zatAbdI ke anta taka kA vivaraNa prastuta karanevAlI isa kRti kA prakAzana to pahile bhI huA thA, kintu isakA yaha prathama peparabaika saMskaraNa 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha' jaisI supratiSThita prakAzana saMsthA se prakAzita huA hai, yaha vizeSata: ullekhanIya hai| pratyeka jaina bhAI-bahina ko apane nijI saMkalana meM rakhakara par3hane evaM manana karane yogya yaha kRti vizvastara para pracArita evaM prasArita honI cAhie tathA vizeSata: sUcanA- praudyogikI ke isa yuga meM Adhunikatama sUcanA-prasAra mAdhyamoM (iMTaraneTa Adi) para bhI isakA bharapUra pracAra-prasAra honA caahie| (na kevala pustaka kI sUcanA, apitu pUrNa-sAmagrI kaa)| isa mahanIya prakAzana ke lie prakAzana-saMsthAna to abhinaMdanIya hai hI, aise mahAn / manISI ke isa yogadAna ko pratyeka jaina baMdhu evaM vidvAnoM ko apane hRdayapaTala para aMkita kara unake prati kRtajJa hone kA bhAva rakhanA caahie| -sampAdaka ** (3) pustaka kA nAma : prAkRta evaM jainAgama sAhitya lekhaka : DaoN0 harizaMkara pANDeya prakAzaka : zrI lakSmI pablikezana, katirA, ArA saMskaraNa : prathama, 2000 I0 mUlya : 500/- (pakkI jilda, lagabhaga 295 pRSTha) ___ lokabhASA prAkRta meM yadyapi bahuAyAmI sAhitya upalabdha hotA hai, phira bhI usameM nihita jainAgama-sAhitya apanI pUjyatA, bhASAgaurava evaM viSayagAMbhIrya kI dRSTi se apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhanA hai| yadyapi jainAgama-sAhitya zaurasenI' evaM 'ardhamAgadhI' - ina do vargoM meM vibhAjita hai, apanI prarocanA' meM vidvAn lekhaka ne isa tathya ko svIkAra bhI kiyA hai| kintu graMtha kI viSayavastu meM mAtra ardhamAgadhI Agama-sAhitya ke katipaya binduoM kA hI prAkRta ke 1098 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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pariprekSya meM vivecana milatA hai| yadyapi prAraMbha meM hI digambara jainAcArya zivArya-praNIta 'bhagavatI-ArAdhanA' ke kendrita kara do Alekha jaise pariccheda haiM, kintu usameM graMtha evaM graMthakAra kI paramparA ke viSaya meM maunasAdhana hI vidvAn lekhaka ne iSTa samajhA hai| vaise samagra viSayavastu ko dekhane para vividhaviSayoM para likhe gaye lekhoM kA saMkalana hI yaha pustaka lagatI hai, apane zIrSaka ke anurUpa koI suvyavasthita rUparekhA evaM tadanusArI prastutIkaraNa isameM parilakSita nahIM hotA hai| kintu aisA hote hue bhI varNya-viSaya kI upayogitA evaM lekhakIya zrama ko kamatara nahIM AMkA jA sakatA hai| saMpAdana evaM prUpha-saMbaMdhI azuddhiyoM ke lie to vidvAn lekhaka ne apanI prarocanA' meM svayaM hI svIkRti pradAna kI hai, ata: etadviSayaka ullekha ucita nahIM lgtaa| niSkarSata: jijJAsu pAThakoM ko katipaya viSayoM (jaise--'bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM nipAta') ke mahattvapUrNa prarUpaNa karanevAlI isa pustaka kA nirmANa karane ke lie vidvAn lekhaka evaM unakI prakAzana-saMsthA ko sAdhuvAda detA huuN| hA~ ! mUlya ke nirdhAraNa meM udyogapatiyoM ko bhI pIche chor3a diyA gayA hai - yaha cintanIya avazya hai| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma : maMgala tIrthayAtrA lekhikA : DaoN0 (pro0) zrImatI vidyAvatI jaina prakAzaka : zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSada TrasTa saMskaraNa : prathama, 2001 I0 mUlya : 5/- rupaye (paparabaika, lagabhaga 32 pRSTha) lekhanakalA kI vidhAoM meM yAtrA-vRttAnta-paraka lekhoM kA aitihAsika, sAMskRtika, sAmAjika evaM dhArmika dRSTiyoM se kabhI-kabhI bar3A mahattva hotA hai| paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kI 77vIM pAvana janma-jayantI ke zubha-prasaMga para 'akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvatpariSad TrasTa' dvArA prakAzita yaha kRti ina sabhI dRSTiyoM se mahanIya hai| yadyapi isakA kalevara laghukAya hai, phira bhI dezabhara ke cuniMdA jaina manISiyoM kI dakSiNa bhArata ke tIrthakSetroM kI maMgalayAtrA kA yaha vRttAnta viduSI lekhikA ke prabhAvI prastutIkaraNa se garimApUrNa bana par3A hai| isa sundara prakAzana ke lie viduSI lekhikA evaM prakAzaka-saMsthAna abhinaMdanIya haiN| -sampAdaka ** pustaka kA nAma : cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna kA yAtrA-vivaraNa anuvAda : jaganmohana varmA prakAzaka ___ : nezanala buka TrasTa, iMDiyA prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 40 99

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saMskaraNa : prathama, 1918 I0, pahalI AvRtti : 1996 mUlya : 30/- rupaye (paparabaika, lagabhaga 120 pRSTha) jaba-jaba yAtrAvRttAntoM kI carcA calatI hai, to kaI zatAbdiyoM pUrva ke parivahana evaM saMcAra ke unnata evaM paryApta sAdhanoM se vihIna yuga meM cInI-yAtriyoM dvArA kiyA gayA bhArata-bhramaNa evaM usakA yAtrA-vRttAMta-lekhana apane Apa meM na kevala vizvavizruta rahA, apitu Adarza-pratimAnoM ke rUpa meM bhI agragaNya mAnA jAtA hai| prastuta kRti meM cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna kA yAtrA-vivaraNa hindI-bhASA meM anUdita karake prabhAvI rIti se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vizeSata: isake solahaveM parva' meM mathurA kA jainanagarI ke rUpa meM jaisA advitIya-citraNa huA hai, usase tatkAlIna mathurA kA svarUpa, gaurava tathA jainatva kA prabhAva mArmikarUpa meM hRdayapaTala para aMkita ho jAtA hai| isameM vaNita kaI sthAna, nagara Adi to Aja bhaugolika-dRSTi se anusaMdhAna bana gaye haiM; jinakA prAmANika-vivaraNa yadi prastuta kiyA jAye, to yaha bhAratIya bhaugolika-itihAsa kI dRSTi se anupama kArya hogaa| isIprakAra bhArata kI ahiMsaka-saMskRti evaM samAjavyavasthA ke adhyayana ke lie bhI yaha kRti anupama Adarza hai| sabhI manISiyoM, jijJAsuoM tathA bhAratIya sabhyatA-saMskRti ke premiyoM ko yaha avazya paThanIya, mananIya evaM saMgrahaNIya hai| -sampAdaka ** (6) pustaka kA nAma : mahAvIra-padAvalI anuvAda : DaoN0 vIrasAgara jaina prakAzaka : zrI kundakunda bhAratI nyAsa saMskaraNa : prathama, 2001 I0 mUlya : 10/- rupaye (paparabaika, lagabhaga 36 pRSTha) bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600veM janma-kalyANaka-varSa ke suavasara para prakAzita isa sundara laghukAya-kRti meM bhagavAn mahAvIra se sambandhita 26 bhajanoM kA sAnuvAda saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isa kRti ke prArambha meM paramapUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA pAvana maMgala AzIrvacana' isakI garimA ko vRddhiMgata karatA hai| kavivara paM0 dyAnatarAya, bhUdharadAsa, siMhakIrti, jagarAma, budhajana, nayanAnanda, daulatarAma, budhamahAcandra evaM hajArI jI dvArA viracita ye bhajana saMgIta, geyatA, bhakti evaM tattvajJAna kI dRSTi se viziSTa haiN| pariziSTa meM ina kaviyoM kA sAMketika paricaya bhI diyA gayA hai| isa prAsaMgika prakAzaka ke lie saMpAdaka evaM prakAzana saMsthA --donoM badhAI ke pAtra haiN| __-sampAdaka ** mata ThukarAo, gale lagAo, dharma sikhAo - (AcAryazrI vidyAnanda muni) 10 100 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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abhimata prAkRtavidyA, janavarI - jUna 2001 hAtha meM hai / 'mahAvIra - candanA vizeSAMka' bahuAyAmI rocaka evaM gaveSaNApUrNa jAnakArI ke kAraNa paThanIya- mananIya ho gayA hai| sabhI AlekhoM meM navInatA ke darzana hote haiN| DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye kA Alekha 'bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA sarvodaya tIrthamidaM tavaiva' bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sarvodayI - dezanA ke sazakta - pratIka haiM / Aja ke zramaNAcAra evaM zrAvakAcAra meM Aye zithalAcAra evaM saMkIrNa ekAMgI - soca ke zamana-damana hetu ina AlekhoM meM paryApta dizAbodha upalabdha hai| DaoN0 udayacandra jaina kA prayAsa 'vaisAlIe kumAra-vaDaDhamANo' stutya hai aura AcAryazrI kA prAkRtabhASA ke utthAna kI kalpanA sAkAra karatA hai| DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kA sampAdakIya, vaizAlI aura rAjagRha, tathA anekAnta evaM syAdvAda Alekha zodha-khojaparaka sAdhanA se prasUta hai / itihAsakAroM evaM zodha karttAoM ko sahaja hI bahumUlya sAmagrI eka sthAna para prastuta karane hetu DaoN0 sudIpa badhAI ke pAtra haiN| zrI prabhAta kumAra dAsa ke 'lokatAMtrika dRSTi aura mahAvIra' Alekha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke darzana kI vidyamAna pariprekSya meM upAdeyatA evaM sarvakalyANatA sahaja hI siddha kI hai| svaccha lokatAMtrika vyavasthA kA suphala karttavyabodha meM hI nihita hai, jo ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kA sUtra hai| anya Alekha bhI surucipUrNa bhAvoM se yukta haiM / aMta meM zrI sureza jaina (I.A.S.) kI sammati meM vyakta unake bhAvoM ko namana karatA hU~, jisameM unhoMne zramaNa evaM zramaNI zrAvaka evaM zrAvikAoM se apekSA kI hai, ki ve apane vyavahAra meM ahiMsA, vicAra meM anekAMta aura vANI meM syAdvAda ke Thosa udAharaNa prastuta kara paMthavAda se kI saMkIrNatA se Upara uThakara jainadarzana ko vizva ke samakSa vaijJAnika DhaMga se prastuta kareM / ' Apake kuzala-sampAdana kI zramasAdhya - sAdhanA phalIbhUta ho, yahI bhAvanA hai| I -- DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala, amalAI ** prAkRtavidyA kA janavarI - jUna 2001 kA 'saMyuktAMka' hastagata huA / yaha aMka tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke sambandha meM jahA~ pUrva kI jAnakAriyoM meM zrIvRddhi karatI hai, vahIM candanabAlA jaise anukaraNIya vyaktitva para yatheSTa prakAza DAlatI hai / kama se kama mere jaise vyaktiyoM ko isase paryApta lAbha huA hai / saMsthA ke sAtha-sAtha racanAkAra bhI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM / yaha aMka saMgrahaNIya hai aura gaMbhIra adhyayana-manana-maMthana ke yogya hai / abhI kucha prAkRtavidyAjulAI-sitambara '2001 101

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hI nibandhoM kA adhyayana kara pAyA hU~; ina nibandhoM meM saMzleSaNAtmaka aura vizleSaNAtmaka donoM hI paddhatiyoM meM tathyoM kA nirUpaNa huA hai, jisase gUDha-viSaya bhI saralatA se hRdayaMgama ho jAtA hai| -DaoN0 jayaprakAza tivArI, indirAnagara, lakhanaU (u0pra0) ** 0 prAkRtavidyA kA janavarI-jUna 2001 kA saMyuktAMka prApta huaa| itanI uttama-sAmagrI prakAzita karake Apane patrikA ke stara meM utarottara-vRddhi hI kI hai| yaha ApakI lagana kA sAkSI hai| pRSTha 124 para Apane 'madhya pradeza kA jaina zilpa' zIrSaka graMtha kI samIkSA kii| 'rAjasthAna ke jaina zilpa' para bhI eka sundara-graMtha prakAzita karanA caahiye| kucha yojanA banA sakeM, to maiM bhI sahayoga de skuuNgaa| 1953 se Aja taka isI kSetra meM kAryarata huuN| isaprakAra ke graMthoM hetu zreSTha-citroM kA prakAzana hI apekSita hai| ___-ratnacandra agravAla (pUrva mahAnidezaka, purAtattva vibhAga), jayapura ** * 'prAkRtavidyA' ke aktUbara-disambara 2000 I0 va janavarI-jUna 2001 ke donoM aMka yathAsamaya prApta huye, prApti kI sUcanA dene meM vilamba huA, kiMtu patrikA ke donoM hI aMka pAte hI AdyopAnta par3hakara chor3a skii| ApakI zodha-patrikA nizcita hI utkRSTakoTi kI hai| patrikA ke donoM aMkoM meM labdhapratiSTha vidvAnoM ke zodhapUrNa lekha haiM, yadi nAma lenA cAhU~, to pratyeka kA hI nAma lenA hogaa| DaoN0 udayacanda jaina kI Adhunika prAkRta atyaMta lalita va sarala hai| saMskRta meM lekhana meM anavarata cAlU hai, parantu prAkRta meM saMbhavata: do-tIna zatakoM bAda DaoN0 udayacanda jI puna: prAkRta meM likha rahe haiM, jo harSada bhI hai, preraka bhii| __ bhagavAn mahAvIra kI 2600sauMvI janma-jayantI aura mahilA-sakSamatA-varSa meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha sakSamatama mahilA gaNinI caMdanA para saMyukta-vizeSAMka nikAlanA ApakI samucita dUradRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| __ AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI ke AzIrvAda aura Apake bhagIratha prayAsa (saMpAdakIya ke atirikta aneka lekha likhane kA vizeSa-dAyitva dekhate hue) se yaha patrikA nirantara pragati ke sopAnoM para car3hatI rahegI, yaha AzA aura kAmanA hai| donoM aMkoM ke liye bahuta-bahuta dhanyavAda -DaoN0 kusuma paToriyA, nAgapura ** (r) prAkRtavidyA kA 'mahAvIra-candanA' vizeSAMka milA, aMka utkRSTa hai| 'pragati ANi jinavijaya' meM isa aMka kI samIkSA kruuNgaa| pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAnanda jI kA 'sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva' lekha atIva prasannatA denevAlA hai| subhASacaMdra akkole, kolhApura ** 0 prAkRtavidyA kA 'mahAvIra-candanA' saMyuktAMka bahuta hI rocaka lekhoM se sajA huA hai| vizeSata: 'vaisAlIe kumAra vaDDhamANo' aura 'bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unaka jIvanadarzana' yaha DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye kA lekha tathA 'sarvodaya tIrthamidaM tavaiva' yaha AcArya vidyAnanda muni jI kA lekha bahuta hI rocaka ho gaye haiN| bAhubalI pArzvanAtha upAdhye, anagola ** 10 102 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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(r) mahAvIra ke sarvodaya tIrtha para ApakA eka lekha 'prAkRtavidyA' jUna 2001 I0 ke vizeSAMka meM par3hane ko milaa| isameM Apane 'gAgara meM sAgara' bharane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| zramaNa-saMskRti jainadharma, samatA va ahiMsAbhAva, digambaratva, sAmAjikatA aura pAvana-dharma aNuvrata Adi kA varNana prabhAvotpAdaka evaM jJAnavardhaka hai| bhASA kI zuddhatA evaM parimArjitatA dekhane yogya hai| isa vicArottejaka aMka ko par3hakara prasannatA huii| -DaoN0 nijAmuddIna, zrInagara (jammU kazmIra) ** 0 bhagavAn mahAvIra ke 2600veM janmadivasa ke upalakSa meM prakAzita 'mahAvIra candanA vizeSAMka' kI prati mujhe prApta huii| pustaka bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se prakAzita huI hai aura isakA AvaraNa pRSTha bhI bahuta AkarSaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana se sambandhita lekha bahuta hI preraNAdAyaka hai| isa sundara prakAzana ke lie kRpayA merI hArdika badhAI svIkAra kreN| Apane isa patrikA ko mujhe bhejA, usake liye maiM ApakA hRdaya se AbhAra prakaTa karatA huuN| -pratApasiMha murar3iyA, udayapura (rAjasthAna) ** 0 prAkRtavidyA, janavarI-jUna 2001 kA saMyuktAMka 'mahAvIra-candanA' vizeSAMka ke rUpa meM prApta huaa| pUjya AcArya vidyAnanda muni, vigata bIsavIM sadI ke aise prajJAvAn mahAn jaina-saMta haiM, jinhoMne jainadarzana/jainadharma ko, vizva-maMca para usakI pUrNa vaijJAnikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA ke sAtha pratiSThita kiyaa| 'rASTrasaMta' kI yazasvI gaurava-garimA ke sAtha jinhoMne rAjanIti ke sAgara meM jainadharma kA jahAja khar3A kara, use pavitratA pradAna kii| 'prAkRtavidyA' kundakunda bhAratI aise AcArya santa ke AzIrvAda kA mUrtimAna pratIka/pratimAna hai| eka yuga thA, jaba kevala muni vidyAnanda bhAratavarSa meM vizruta the| ApakI pravacana-kalA kA eka jAdU thaa| pravacana-prabhAvanA kA jo sammohana, Apane jainajagat meM pratiSThita kiyA hai vaha zodha aura anveSaNa kI dizA meM mIla kA patthara sAbita huaa| 'prAkRtavidyA' meM pUjya AcAryazrI pUre prANoM ke mukhara haiN| pratyeka aMka meM jJAna-prakAza kA jo AbhA-maNDala Apake Alekha meM pratibimbita hotA hai, vaha vastuta: Apake jIvana kI tapa-tejasvitA aura AbhIkSNajJAna ke kSayopazama kI prakarSatA hai| maulika cintana aura zodhapUrNa AkhyAna DaoN0 sudIpa jaina ke lekhana kI viziSTatA rahI hai| jaina-jagat meM digambara jaina paramparA ke lie prAkRtavidyA' kA prakAzana eka Aloka-stambha hai| tulasIprajJA' kA jo sthAna jaina-jagat meM hai, vaisA hI 'prAkRtavidyA' kA hai| prastuta aMka 'bhagavAna mahAvIra' ke anachuye prasaMgoM kA eka dastAvez2a hai| DaoN0 nIlama kA 'yugapravartikA candanabAlA' vAlA Alekha marmasparzI hai| sudhI-vidvAnoM ke 'mauktika-vicAra' aura DaoN0 sudIpa jaina kI sampAdakIya-naiSThikatA atyanta zlAghanIya hai| DaoN0 e0ena0 upAdhye kA bhagavAn mahAvIra se saMbaMdhita lekha prAsaMgika aura sAmayika hI nahIM hai, varan maulikatA ke gavAkSoM se jhAMkatA jJAna kA khulA AkAza dikhA rahA hai| prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001 00 103

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zaurasenI prAkRtabhASA ke vikAsa ke lie kRta saMkalpita yaha traimAsikI - zodha patrikA, AcArya vidyAnanda jI ke bhAva - saMsAra kA puNya prasUna kaheM, yA unakI bhAvanAoM kA mUrta / sAkAra rUpa / aisI patrikA meM Alekha prakAzita dekhakara apane ko gauravAnvita bhI mahasUsa karatA hai| nirdoSa priTiMga aura nayanAbhirAma geTaapa ne isakI bAhya sundaratA ko bhI pravartita rakhA hai| kyoMki bAhya kalevara antara ke svarUpa kA eka saccA hamajolI hotA hai / - nihAla caMda jaina, bInA, sAgara (ma0pra0) ** jainadharma AcAra - mUlaka hai, jisameM brahmacarya pAlana kA atimahattva hai, isaliye nava-bAr3a (maryAdAyeM) rakhane kA upadeza bhI hai / vijAtIya tattvoM alaga hokara sAtha meM bhI nahIM rakhanA vikAra-utpatti kA nimitta na banane ke lie Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| muni / sAdhu aura sAdhviyA~ bhI alaga AvAsa karate haiN| aisI sthiti meM mahAvIra aura candanA kA saMyukta vizeSAMka nikAlanA jijJAsotpAdaka hai| 1 - ha~samukha bhAI zAMtilAla zAha, maNinagara ahamadAbAda ** mahAvIra - candanA vizeSAMka vAstava meM vandana - yogya hai / jahA~ aMka kA samasAmayikatAsaMbaMdhI sampAdakIya-lekha bhAratIya jIvana evaM saMskRti para mahAvIra jI kI spaSTa - chApa chor3atI hai, vahIM 'sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva' Alekha vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM prANimAtra ke hita - hetu jo vistRta vivaraNa va upadezAtmaka tathya sAmane rakhate haiM, ve atyanta hI upayogI hokara jIvana ko vAstavikarUpa meM sakriyatA pradAna karane hetu sakSama haiM / bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA jIvana-darzana-saMbaMdhI aMgrejI - bhASaNa kA hindI - anuvAda dekara unake jIvana ke aneka pahaluoM ko jisataraha se ujAgara kiyA hai, vaha bahuta-kucha socane aura samajhane ko bAdhya karatA hai / amala meM lAne hetu pahala kI jAnA cAhiye, tabhI sArthakatA hai| isIprakAra mahAvIra - saMbaMdhI anya Alekha bhI bar3e mahattvapUrNa haiN| mana kI gaharAI taka pahu~cane aura prANImAtra ke kalyANa ke sAdhana - hetu vAstava meM eka nayI soca jagAte haiM / mahAvIra jI kI vandanA Adi hetu yatra-tatra bikharI sAmagrI ( samagrarUpa meM ) bhI upayogI hai| aMka meM dI gaI pustaka samIkSAyeM bhI saMkSipta hone para bhI sAragarbhita hai / samAcAradarzana bhI kaI tathyoM ko bar3I kuzalatA se sAmane rakhatA hai / isaprakAra sabhI dRSTiyoM se saMyuktAMka saMgrahaNIya bana par3A hai| -- madana mohana varmA, tAnasena mArga, gvAliyara ** saMyuktAMka 'janavarI - jUna 2001' 'mahAvIra candanA vizeSAMka' dekhA, vaise to 'prAkRtavidyA' patrikA kA pratyeka aMka saMgrahaNIya hotA hai / saMyuktAMka 'mahAvIra - candanA vizeSAMka' bhI aise hI paThanIya, mananIya, saMgrahaNIya aMkoM evaM vizeSAMkoM kI zrRMkhalA meM eka navInatama sundara kar3I hai| I ApakA sampAdakIya 'bhagavAn mahAvIra kI samasAmayikatA' atyanta prAsaMgika hai / Apake isa kathana se pUrNatayA sahamata hU~ ki Aja mahAvIra ke anuyAyiyoM ko mAtra ( aupacArika ) 104 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara 2001

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AyojanoM se hI saMtuSTa ho jAne kI upAdeyatA nahIM hai; apitu bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA Acarita evaM upadiSTa usa siddhAnta-catuSTya ko avilamba apanAye jAne kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai, jo 'AcaraNa' meM 'ahiMsA' rUpa ho tathA 'vicAra', 'vANI' aura 'jIvana' meM kramaza: 'anekAnta', 'syAdvAda' va 'aparigraha' rUpa ho| __ AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja kA Alekha 'sarvodaya tIrthamidaM tavaiva' atyanta sarala, subodha hone ke sAtha-sAtha, vizeSarUpa se mananIya bhI hai' evaM nizcita hI, vizeSAMka ke yaza evaM zobhA meM cAra cAMda lagA rahA hai| ___ anya lekhoM meM pramukha haiM- DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala dvArA kalamabaddha 'tiloyapaNNattI meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unakA sarvodayI darzana', zrI prabhAta kumAra dAsa dvArA likhita 'lokatAMtrika dRSTi aura bhagavAn mahAvIra' tathA zrImatI raMjanA jaina kA 'bhagavAn mahAvIra ke anekAnta kA sAmAjika pakSa / ' Apake tInoM Alekha vaizAlI aura rAjagRha', 'mahAvIra-dezanA ke anupama ratna : anekAnta evaM syAdvAda' tathA 'bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ahiMsA-darzana' meM se prathama Alekha ucita, nyAyasaMgata evaM anukaraNIya lokatAMtrika va gaNataMtrIya rAjavyavasthA kA zubha-AhvAna hai tathA dvitIya evaM tRtIya Alekha apane-apane viSayAnurUpa mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa-siddhAntoM evaM AcAroM ko ucitarUpa se ujAgara karane meM sakSama huye haiN| pR0kaM0 123 para 'Atmadharma-prakAzaka mahAvIra' evaM 'lokadharma-pracAra buddha'-sambandhI tulanAtmaka tathyatAlikA eka dRSTi meM avalokanIya hote hue bhI viziSTa vaicArika-gaveSaNA kA AdhAra hai| rAmadhArI siMha 'dinakara' kI 'vaizAlI mahAnagara' kavitA (draSTavya pR0kaM0 102) tathA 'mahAsatI candanA'-sambandhI samasta AlekhAdi bhI sundara haiM; kintu sabase sundara hai-- cInI yAtrI phAhyAna ke yAtrA-vivaraNa' kA vaha aMza, jo 'prAcIna bhArata meM ahiMsaka-saMskAra' zIrSaka se 'maMgalAcaraNa' se ThIka pahile pR0 kaM0 4 para uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| ____ kula milAkara patrikA ke kuzala, sakSama evaM prabhAvI avirala sampAdana-hetu Apa badhAI ke pAtra haiM evaM nizcitarUpa se Apane sva0 paM0 balabhadra jI kI vicAradhArA ko avirAma Age bar3hAyA hai| hamArI zubhakAmanAyeM haiM ki Apake zubha-sampAdakatva evaM laganazIlatA se patrikA jaina-siddhAMtoM evaM AcAra-vicAroM kA maMgala udyot jana-jana ke madhya, nirantara phailAtI rahe evaM atizaya-yazasvI bne| -nirmala kumAra jaina 'nirlipta', alIgar3ha (u0pra0) ** 0 'prAkRtavidyA' kA 'janavarI-jUna (saMyuktAMka) 2001' kA aMka dekhane kA avasara milaa| AdyopAnta par3hakara hI chor3ane kA mana huaa| patrikA meM prakAzita sabhI zodhaparaka lekha preraNAspada, anukaraNIya, mananIya, spRhaNIya, saMgrahaNIya va ciMtanIya hai| patrikA ke stutya prakAzana ke lie nizcitarUpa se sampAdaka va kundakunda bhAratI prazaMsA-yogya hai| sampAdakIya prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 mbara '2001 00 105

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'bhagavAn mahAvIra kI samasAmayikatA' pasanda aayaa| 'nArI sammAna kI pratIka candanA', smRti ke jharokhe se', 'tiloyapaNNatti meM bhagavAn mahAvIra.....' bhI rucikara lge| sArI kI sArI sAmagrI paThanIya hai| aisI patrikAyeM nizcita hI zodhArthiyoM ke lie gAgara meM sAgara' kA kAma kregii| pratyeka aMka kA saMgraha honA Avazyaka hai| patrikA kI sApha sundara spaSTa chapAI bhI patrikA ko AkarSaka banAne meM aham bhUmikA adA kara rahI hai| patrikA ke uttarottara vikAsa hetu hArdika zubhakAmanAoM shit|| -sunIla jaina 'saMcaya' zAstrI, vArANasI (u0pra0) ** (c) 'prAkRtavidyA' kA 'janavarI-jUna (saMyuktAMka) 2001' par3hakara hRdaya meM ati-pramoda huaa| isameM nihita sAmagrI zodha-patrakAritA ke uccatama mAnadaNDoM ke anurUpa hai, tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha-sAtha satI candanabAlA ke jIvana evaM darzana para bhI upayogI sAmagrI prastuta karatA hai| 'anekAMta aura syAdvAda' tathA 'vaizAlI aura rAjagRha' saMbaMdhI lekha anekoM jJAnavardhaka sUcanAoM se samanvita haiN| tathA pUjya AcAryazrI kA Alekha to pUre aMka meM maMdira para kalaza kI bhA~ti atimahattvapUrNa aura pUre aMka kI zobhA hai| pustaka samIkSA Adi staMbhoM se bhI upayogI jAnakAriyA~ prApta hotI haiN| kuzala saMpAdana ke liye bdhaaii| -paM0 prakAzacaMda jaina, mainapurI (u0pra0) ** rAjyazrI aura tapa:zrI preyasIyaM tavaivAstu rAjyazrIryA tvyaadRtaa| cocitaiSA mAmayuSman bandho na hi satAM mude / / viSakaNTakajAlIva tyAjyaiSA sarvathApi nH| niSkaNTakA tapolakSmI svAdhInAM kartumicchatAm / / ___(A0 jinasena, mahApurANa, 36/97-99) artha :- (bAhubali pA~coM prakAra ke yuddha ke bAda bharata se kahate haiM) he AyuSmAn bharata ! yaha rAjyalakSmI mere yogya nahIM hai; kyoMki tumane isakA atyanta samAdara kiyA hai, ata: yaha tumhArI priya-patnI ke tulya hai| bandhana kI sAmagrI satpuruSoM ko AnaMdaprada nahIM hotI hai| mujhe to aba yaha viSaile kA~ToM ke samUha se samanvita pratIta ho rahI hai, ata: yaha mujhe pUrNata: tyAjya hai| maiM to niSkaNTaka tapa:zrI ko apane AdhIna karane kI AkAMkSA rakhatA huuN| (arthAt aba maiM rAjyazrI ko chor3akara tapa:zrI ko aMgIkAra karane jA rahA huuN|)| ** sakheda sUcanA mahAvIra-caMdanA vizeSAMka ke prAraMbha meM diye gaye sUktivacanoM kI AdhAra-sAmagrI 'zodhAdarza' ke mahAvIra-aMka para AdhArita thii| prUpha kI galatI se yaha uddharaNa usa aMka | meM nahIM jA pAyA, isakA hameM kheda hai| -sampAdaka 00 106 prAkRtavidyA- julAI-sitambara '2001

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samAcAra dazAna suzikSita evaM dharmaparAyaNa mahilAoM se hI deza kA utthAna hogA AcAryazrI vidyAnaMda jI munirAja ne pareDa grAUNDa' maidAna ke bhavya evaM vizAla 'kuMdakuMda sabhAmaMDapa' meM dazalakSaNa-parva ke pazcAt do sitambara ko 'satI candanA varSa' ke samApana para Ayojita 'Adarza zrAvikA sammAna samAroha' meM bolate hue kahA ki "bhagavAn mahAvIra ne dAsI banI candanA ko baMdhana-mukta karAkara samAja meM nArI-jAti ko uccasthAna dilAyA thaa| zAstroM meM isa bAta kI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai| nArI kA suzikSita evaM dharmaparAyaNa honA bahuta Avazyaka hai, aisI nArI parivAra ko to sucArurUpa se calAtI hI hai, vaha samAja va deza ke utthAna meM bhI mahattvapUrNa yogadAna detI hai|" AcAryazrI ne cANakya-nIti kI sarAhanA karate hue kahA ki tyAga kI bhAvanA se hI deza ko samRddhizAlI banAyA jA sakatA hai| samAroha kI mukhya atithi suvikhyAta samAjasevikA evaM gAMdhIvAdI-vicArikA suzrI nirmalA dezapAMDe ne sarva zrImatI kapUrI devI jaina dharmapatnI sva. DaoN. sukhanandana lAla jaina, zrImatI suzIlA jaina dharmapatnI zrI rameza candra jaina (pI.esa.je.), zrImatI ramala jaina dharmapatnI zrI Ara.pI.jaina, zrImatI pravIna jaina dharmapatnI zrI satIza jaina (esa.sI.je.), zrImatI suzIlA jaina dharmapatnI zrI satIza jaina (AkAzavANI), zrImatI rezama jaina dharmapatnI zrI dhanapAla jaina kapar3evAle, zrImatI hemabAlA jaina dharmapatnI zrI kizora jaina, zrImatI kAntA jaina dharmapatnI sva. zrI hIrAlAla jaina kauzala, zrImatI urmilA jaina (adhyakSA, digambara jainasamAja, RSabha vihAra), zrImatI sAvitrI jaina dharmapatnI zrI omaprakAza jaina (saMskRti) Adi lagabhaga pacAsa Adarza mahilAoM ko zaoNla, prazasti patra evaM maiDala pradAna kara sammAnita kiyaa| ina mahilAoM ne apane vyaktigata-jIvana meM Adarza-cAritrika guNoM ko vikasita kara pArivArika, sAmAjika evaM dhArmika-kSetroM meM naitika evaM mAnavIya-mUlyoM kI sthApanA karane meM mahattvapUrNa yogadAna diyaa| suzrI nirmalA dezapAMDe ne kahA ki strI-zakti ke sammAna se jAgRti paidA hotI hai, samAja kalyANa ke mArga para calatA hai aura isI se deza kA bhaviSya ujjavala hogaa| ___AcAryazrI ne isa samAroha meM naI prakAzita pustaka 'vaizAlika kI chAyA meM' kA vimocana karate hue kahA ki "bhagavAn mahAvIra kA eka nAma 'vaizAlika' bhI thaa|" samAroha prAcIna prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 107

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agravAla digambara jaina paMcAyata dvArA Ayojita kiyA gyaa| saMsthA ke pradhAna zrI cakreza jaina ne punIta jaina (navabhArata TAimsa) ko sammAnita kiyaa| -svarAja jaina, da TAimsa oNpha iNDiyA, naI dillI ** jainavidyA evaM prAkRta (pAli, saMskRta, apabhraMza sahita) viSaya para punazcaryA pAThyakrama kA zubhArambha sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya udayapura ke jainavidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga ke tattvAvadhAna meM vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga, naI dillI ke saujanya se 22 aktUbara se 11 navambara 2001 taka jainavidyA evaM prAkRta (pAli, saMskRta, apabhraMza sahita) viSaya para punazcaryA- pAThyakrama (riphrezana korsa) Ayojita hai| isameM deza ke sabhI bhAgoM se jainavidyA, prAkRta, pAli, saMskRta evaM apabhraMza ke prAdhyApakagaNa bhAga le sakate haiN| --pro0 premasumana jaina, nidezaka ** bhagavAn RSabhadeva Adya-saMskRti ke nirmAtA haiM ___ 'RSabhadeva pratiSThAna' kI ora se ema0DI0 jaina kaoNleja, AgarA ke sabhAgAra meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva mahotsava evaM saMgoSThI' kA Ayojana 18-19 mArca ko huaa| jisakI adhyakSatA AgarA-maNDala ke Ayukta zrI esa0ena0 jhA ne kii| mukhya-vaktA ke rUpa meM darabhaMgA vizvavidyAlaya ke pUrva kulapati AcArya prabhAkara mizra upasthita the| RSabhadeva pratiSThAna ke adhyakSa zrI svarUpa canda jI jaina ne sabhI atithiyoM kA abhinandana kiyaa| pratiSThAna ke mahAsaciva zrI hRdayarAja jaina ne pratiSThAna kI ora se pUrva meM Ayojita saMgoSThiyoM kI jAnakArI dI evaM pratiSThAna kI sthApanA kA uddezya evaM bhAvI yojanAoM se avagata kraayaa| pro0 munIza candra jozI, mahAnidezaka bhAratIya purAtatva sarvekSaNa, saMskRta manISI DaoN0 candanalAla pArAzara; DaoN0 dharmavIra zarmA, adhIkSaNa purAtatvavid, bhAratIya purAtatva sarvekSaNa, AgarA; pro0 satyapAla nAraMga, saMskRta vibhAgAdhyakSa, dillI vizvavidyAlaya; DaoN0 vRSabha prasAda jaina, lakhanaU evaM DaoN0 jAnakI prasAda dvivedI, vArANasI; AgarA vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati DaoN0 jI0ke0 agravAla; madrAsa hindI zodha saMsthAna ke pUrva-nidezaka DaoN0 ravIndra kumAra jaina; Adi manISIgaNa upasthita the| -sampAdaka ** jaina-itihAsa aba iMTaraneTa para jainadharma aura jainasamAja kA gauravazAlI itihAsa aba 'iMTaraneTa' ke jariye duniyA ke sAmane A cukA hai| http://jainhistory.faithweb.com isa sthAna para upalabdha jaina hisTrI' isa vebasAITa para jaina-itihAsa ke bAre meM Dhera sArI adhikRta-sAmagrI dI gaI hai| isameM caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke aitihAsika caritra, pichale 2600 varSoM meM hue aneka yugapravartaka jaina AcAryoM kA caritra va kArya, vibhinna jaina samrAToM aura rAjavaMzoM kA vivaraNa, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, Adhunika kAla ke mahAn jaina-sAdhuoM aura zrAvakoM kA paricaya, duniyAbhara ke jaina itihAsajJa, jaina-zodha-saMsthAna, jaina-zodha-patrikAyeM Adi kI eka nirdezikA upalabdha hai| isa vebasAITa ke nirmANa meM kolorADo vizvavidyAlaya' ke yazavaMta 00 108 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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malaiyAjI aura 'brAhmI sosAyaTI kaeNnADA' ke esa0e0 bhuvaneMdra jI ne aham bhUmikA nibhAyI hai| ___ jaina-itihAsajJa apane zodha-nibaMdha/racanAyeM isa vebasAITa para prakAzita kara sakate haiN| nibaMdha/racanAyeM aMgrejI meM honI cAhiye aura unako ve kevala Imela dvArA hI jainhistory@hotmail.com isa pate para bhejanI cAhiye mahAvIra sAMgalIkara saMpAdaka, jaina hisTarI vebasAITa 201, muMbaI puNe mArga, ciMcavaDa pUrva, puNe-411019 email: jainhistory@hotmail.com uccazikSA hetu chAtravRttiyA~ dezabhara kI kaI sAmAjika, dhArmika, sarakArI aura anya saMsthAyeM honahAra aura jarUratamaMda-chAtroM ko uccazikSA-hetu chAtravRttiyA~ pradAna karatI haiN| chAtravRttiyA~ denevAlI aisI pramukha-saMsthAoM kI eka sUcI 'jaina phreNDas' nAmaka saMsthA ne pustaka rUpa meM prakAzita kI hai| isa pustaka kA mUlya cAlIsa rupaye hai, lekina jaina-chAtroM ko yaha kevala paccIsa rupayoM meM upalabdha hai| icchuka jaina-chAtra nimnalikhita pate para manIoNrDara dvArA paccIsa rupaye bhejakara yaha pustaka maMgavA sakate hai| manIoNrDara phArma ke nicale hisse para apanA pUrA patA likhanA Avazyaka hai| -jaina phreNDas, muMbaI-puNe mArga, ciMcavaDa pUrva, puNe-411019 ** patrAcAra jainadharma-darzana evaM saMskRti sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama 2002 meM praveza digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna, dvArA nirdhArita upuryakta pAThyakrama bhArata-sthita una adhyayanArthiyoM ke lie hogA; jinhoMne kisI bhI vizvavidyAlaya se snAtaka-parIkSA uttIrNa kI hai| isakA mAdhyama hindI-bhASA hogaa| pAThyakrama kA satra 1 janavarI, 2002 se 31 disambara, 2002 taka rhegaa| -DaoN0 kamalacanda sogANI, zrImahAvIrajI (rAja0) ** patrAcAra apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrI mahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita 'apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI' dvArA patrAcAra apabhraMza sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama' kA dasavA~ satra 1 janavarI, 2002 se Arambha kiyA jA rahA hai| isameM hindI evaM prAntIya bhASA vibhAgoM ke sAtha-sAtha anya sabhI vibhAgoM ke adhyApaka, zodhArthI, adhyayanarata chAtra evaM saMsthAnoM meM kAryarata vidvAn sammilita ho skeNge| -DaoN0 kamalacanda sogANI, zrImahAvIrajI (rAja0) ** pro0 esa0 zeTTara ko 'AcArya kundakunda puraskAra' samarpita 'gA~dhI nAthA raMgajI janamaMgala pratiSThAna, solApura (mahA0)' dvArA pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ke pAvana AzIrvAda se pravartita 'AcArya kundakunda puraskAra' suprasiddha vicAraka evaM anveSaka pro0 esa0 zeTTara (prophesara, itihAsa evaM purAtattva, karnATaka prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 109

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vizvavidyAlaya, dhAravAr3a) ko bhavya samArohapUrvaka sabahumAna samarpita kiyA gyaa| dinAMka 9 sitambara, 2001 ko sampanna isa kAryakrama ko mukhya atithi pUrva lokasabhAdhyakSa mA0 zivarAja pATila the| isa puraskAra ke antargata eka lAkha rupayoM kI mAnadhanarAzi ke sAtha-sAtha rajatotkIrNa prazasti-patra, smRticihna, zaoNla, zrIphala Adi samarpita kiye gye| vizvabhara meM mRtyu ke prakAroM, vidhiyoM Adi para gahana anusandhAnapUrvaka apanI zodhakRti likhane vAle pro0 zeTTara ne isameM jainaparamparA kI samAdhimaraNapUrvaka dehatyAga-vidhi ko sarvottama Adarza maraNavidhi prarUpita kiyA hai| ata: unheM 'samAdhijJAna-vizArada' ke mAnada viruda se bhI alaMkRta kiyA gyaa| isa suavasara para pUjya AcAryazrI ke maMgala-pravacanoM kI marAThI meM anUdita kRti 'AnaMdadhArA' kA bhI lokArpaNa kiyA gyaa| samAroha kA saphala saMyojana pratiSThAna ke adhyakSa zrI zaradacandra gA~dhI ne kiyaa| samAroha meM pUjya AcAryazrI ke maMgala AzIrvacana kA oNDiyo Tepa bhI sunAyA gyaa| -sampAdaka ** _ 'ratnAkara baiMka' kI 71vIM zAkhA kA zubhArambha dakSiNa bhArata ke suvikhyAta vANijyika pratiSThAna 'ratnAkara baiMka' limiTeDa kI pUrNatayA kaMpyUTarAijDa 71vIM zAkhA rAjadhAnI dillI ke vyastama vyApArika kSetra karolabAga meM dinAMka 10 sitambara 2001 ko samArohapUrvaka zurU huii| pUjya AcAryazrI vidyAnanda jI munirAja ne isa nimitta dinAMka 9.9.2001 ko libarTI chavigRha meM Ayojita bhavya samAroha meM prAcIna bhArata meM Arthika-cintana' ke saiddhAntika evaM vyAvahArika pakSoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlate hue isa zAkhA ke lie apanA maMgala-AzIrvAda pradAna kiyaa| ___ zubhArambha-samAroha meM mukhya atithi sAhU rameza candra jaina ne dIpa prajvalana-pUrvaka samAroha ke viSaya meM sAragarbhita vaktavya diyaa| samAgata atithiyoM kA svAgata karate hue baiMka ke mukhya kAryakArI adhikArI zrI anila pATila ne baiMka kI gatividhiyoM evaM upalabdhiyoM kA vivaraNa diyA aura batAyA ki karnATaka, govA, mahArASTra evaM gujarAta meM isa baiMka kI 70 zAkhAyeM zAnadAra DhaMga se kArya kara rahI haiM tathA isakA kula Tarna-ovara eka hajAra karor3a rupayoM se adhika kA hai| isa samAroha meM pro0 vAcaspati upAdhyAya, kulapati lA0ba0zA0saM0 vidyApITha, naI dillI ne viSaya-pravartana kiyA tathA paM0 jayakumAra upAdhye ne maMgalAcaraNa kiyaa| isa avasara para zrI cakreza jaina bijalIvAle, zrI barDe sA0 upAyukta pulisa evaM anya kaI gaNamAnya vyakti upasthita the| -sampAdaka ** prAkRtavidyA ke svatvAdhikArI evaM prakAzaka zrI surezacandra jaina, maMtrI, zrI kundakunda bhAratI, 18-bI, spezala insTITyUzanala eriyA, naI dillI-110067 dvArA prakAzita; evaM mudraka zrI mahendra kumAra jaina dvArA, pRthA oNphaseTsa prA0 li0, naI dillI-110028 para mudrit| __ bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89 40 110 prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001

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isa aMka ke lekhaka-lekhikAyeM (sva0) AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivedI--bhAratIya saMskRti evaM hindI-sAhitya jagat ke ziromaNi manISiyoM meM agragaNya DaoN0 dvivedI jI kI puSpalekhanI se prasUta 'AtmajayI mahAvIra' nAmaka viziSTa Alekha isa aMka kA alaMkaraNa hai| (sva0) DaoN0 baladeva upAdhyAya--saMskRta-sAhitya ke bIsavIM zatAbdI ke svanAmadhanya lekhakoM meM variSThatama rahe DaoN0 upAdhyAya bahuzruta vidvAn the| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'bhAratIya saMskRti ko tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI dena' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| AcArya mahAprajJa--apane nAma kA caritArtha karanevAle AcArya zrI zvetAmbara jaina terApanthasampradAya ke pramukha haiN| ApakI lekhanI se prasUta Alekha 'mAMsAhAra : eka samIkSA' - isa aMka ko mahimA-maNDita kara rahA hai| mizrIlAla jaina eDavokeTa--azokanagara (ma0pra0) ke mUlanivAsI Apa jainasAhitya ke kSetra * se suparicita hastAkSara haiN| isa aMka ke 'maMgalAcaraNa' ke rUpa meM prakAzita 'kundakunda vacanAmRta' kA hindI padyAnuvAda' Apake dvArA racita hai| .. sthAyI patA-purAnA posTa oNphisa roDa, gunA-473001 (m0pr0)| prAcArya kundanalAla jaina--dillI ke jaina zAstrAgAroM ke sUcIkaraNa meM ApakA nAma vizeSata: ullekhanIya rahA hai| Apa acche gaveSI lekhaka haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita vidizA ke bar3e jaina mandira ke kucha mUrti-lekha' ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| patA-68, zrutakuTI, yudhiSThira galI, vizvAsa nagara, zAhadarA, dillI-110032 DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI--Apa jaimadarzana ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta-apabhraMza evaM hiMdI bhASAoM ke vizvavikhyAta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta lekhaka haiN| pacAsoM pustakeM evaM do sau se adhika zodha nibaMdha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| saMprati Apa bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI dillI meM upanidezaka (zodha) ke pada para kAryarata haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita samayapAhuDa : badalane kA du:sAhasa pUrNa upakrama' nAmaka lekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai| sthAyI patA-243, zikSaka kAlonI, nImaca-458441 (ma0pra0) vidyAvAridhi DaoN0 mahendra sAgara pracaMDiyA Apa jainavidyA ke kSetra meM suparicita hastAkSara haiM, tathA niyamita rUpa se lekhanakArya karate rahate haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'zrI sammedazikhara aSTaka' nAmaka kavitA ke racayitA Apa haiN| sthAyI patA--maMgala kalaza, 394, sarvodaya nagara, AgarA ror3a, alIgar3ha-202001 (u0pra0) AcArya rAjakumAra jaina--Apa jainadarzana evaM Ayurveda zAstra ke acche vidvAn haiN| isa aMka prAkRtavidyA julAI-sitambara '2001 00 111

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meM prakAzita 'oMkAra mahAmaMtra aura usakA prabhAva' nAmaka Alekha Apake dvArA racita hai / patrAcAra patA--sUraja gaMja, dUsarA caurAhA, iTArasI- 461111 ( ma0pra0) pro0 premasumana jaina - Apa mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya meM kalAsaMkAya ke adhiSThAtA evaM prAkRta ke prophesara haiN| 'prAkRtavidyA' ke 'sampAdaka - maNDala' ke variSTha sadasya haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'jainadhamra kA tattvacintana : grIka dArzanika pro0 hAjime nAkAmurA kI dRSTi meM' Apake dvArA likhita hai / sthAyI patA - 29, vidyAvihAra kaoNlonI, uttarI sundaravAsa, udayapura - 313001 (rAja0 ) / DaoN0 rAjendra kumAra baMsala - Apa oriyaMTala pepara milsa, amalAI meM kArmika adhikArI ke pada se sevAnivRtta huye, jainasamAja ke acche svAdhyAyI vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'prAkRta-graMthoM meM jina - sAdhuoM kA nivAsa aura vihAra caryA kA svarUpa' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / patrAcAra- patA--bI0-369, o0pI0ema0 kAlonI, amalAI -484117 ( u0pra0) DaoN0 udayacaMda jaina-samprati sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja0 ) meM prAkRta vibhAga ke adhyakSa haiN| prAkRtabhASA evaM vyAkaraNa ke vizruta vidvAn evaM siddhahasta prAkRta kavi haiM / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'chakkhaMDAgamasutta : kI 'dhavalA' TIkA ke prathama pustaka ke anekArtha-zabda' zIrSaka kI Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta haiM / sthAyI patA-- giUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura - 313001 (rAja0) DaoN0 ravIndra kumAra vaziSTha - dillI vizvavidyAlaya meM upAcArya ( rIDara) pada para suzobhita DaoN0 vaziSTha bhAratIya lipiyoM ke gahana anusandhAtA evaM adhikArI vidvAn haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'brAhmI lipi aura jaina - paramparA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita hai / sthAyI patA -- bI0vI 77bI0 (pUrvI), zAlImAra bAga, dillI-110088 / DaoNo (zrImatI) mAyA jaina - Apa jainadarzana kI acchI viduSI haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita 'zabda-svarUpa evaM dhvani-vijJAna' zIrSaka Alekha ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / sthAyI patA--piUkuMja, aravinda nagara, glAsa phaikTrI caurAhA, udayapura - 313001 (rAja0) DaoN0 sudIpa jaina - zrI lAla bahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI meM 'prAkRtabhASA vibhAga' meM upAcArya evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa haiM / tathA prAkRtabhASA pAThyakrama ke saMyojaka bhI haiN| anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / prastuta patrikA ke 'mAnada sampAdaka' / isa aMka meM prakAzita 'sampAdakIya', ke atirikta 'dakSiNa bhArata meM samrAT candragupta se pUrva bhI jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra thA' zIrSaka Alekha Apake dvArA likhita haiM / sthAyI patA - bI-32, chattarapura eksaTaiMzana, naMdA phArma ke pIche, naI dillI- 110030 DaoN0 jinendra kumAra jaina ---Apa jainavizva bhAratI saMsthAna (mAnita vizvavidyAlaya), lAr3anU~ (rAja0 ) meM prAkRtabhASA ke 'vyAkhyAtA' haiN| isa aMka meM prakAzita Alekha 'jaina Agama - sAhitya meM pratipAdita zramaNoM ke mUlaguNa' ApakI lekhanI se prasUta hai / patrAcAra patA -- lekcararsa kvATarsa, jainavizva bhAratI saMsthAna parisana, lADanU~ (nAgaura) rAja0 / 00112 prAkRtavidyA + julAI-sitambara 2001

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pro. esa. zeTTara ko 'gA~dhInAthA raMgajI janamaMgala pratiSThAna, solApura' (mahArASTra) ke pratiSThita 'AcArya kundakunda puraskAra' ke samarpaNa-samAroha (dinAMka 9 sitambara 2001) kI bhavya jhalakiyA~ gAMdhI nAthA raMgajI digaMbara jaina janamaMgala pratiSThAna dvArA Ayojita AcArya kundapuraskAra RE pUrva lokasabhAdhyakSa mA. zivarAja pATila jI pro. zeTTara ko prazasti-pradAna karate hue| sAtha meM haiM (bAyeM se dAyeM) zrI zaradacaMdra gA~dhI, DaoN. nirmalakumAra phaDakule, zrI caMkezvarA, zrImatI zeTTara evaM DaoN. sI. je. dozI zAdhAnAthAragajA diMgabara jaina janamaMgala pratiSThAna dvArA Ayojita AcArya kundakunda puraskAra AnaMdadhArA' lokArpaNa samAroha HOME puraskAra grahaNa karane ke bAda Ane udgAra vyakta karate hue pro. shettttr| maMcAsIna haiM (bAyeM se dAyeM) DaoN. nirmalakumAra phaDakule, zrI zaradacaMdra gA~dhI, evaM mA. zivarAja pATila jii|

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(bhArata sarakAra paMjIyana saMkhyA 48869/89) HELPFUL TO NEEDFUL arthAt 'jarUratamaMdoM ke lie madadagAra' ke AdarzavAkya ke sAtha vigata 59 varSoM se dezabhara meM sevArata yazasvI vANijyika pratiSThAna di ratnAkara baiMka li. kI Adhunikatama suvidhA sampanna brAMca kA rAjadhAnI dillI pramukha vyAvasAyika kendra-sthala 'karolabAga' meM dinAMka 10 sitambara 2001 ko 71vIM zAkhA kA zubhArambha huaa| patA : 17-e/53, DablyU0I0e0, gurudvArA roDa (jassArAma haspatAla ke sAmane), karolabAga, naI dillI-110005 vizeSa :- navambara ke prathama saptAha se A.T.M. kI suvidhA bhI prAraMbha hogI samparka mAdhyama : phona : 91-11-573 0452 TelIphaiksa : 91-11-573 0451 TelIbaiMkiga : 91-11-573 0453 priMTiDa prithA oNphaseTa prA. li. dUrabhASaH 5708654-55