Book Title: Sramana 2004 01
Author(s): Shivprasad
Publisher: Parshvanath Vidhyashram Varanasi

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Page 160
________________ Social Aspect of Non-Violence : 154 In this way, origin of society on the ground of social contract theory given by Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau shows that human life needs benevolence, kindness, love, affection, equality etc. which symbolize non-violence. It is non-violence which can make the society full of peace and prosperity. The violence can never provide a happy life to society, because man by his nature dislikes disturbance disaster and decay. So human life and society need non-violence in order to be flourished. The Negative form of Social Non-Violence It is well-known that prohibition of violence is the negative form of non-violence. So, the negative form of social non-violence is the negation of social violence. The social violence is of different kinds which may be known in the following way. Disparity of Social Status The disparity of social status has various forms and figures, such as - (i) The Birth Theory of Hindu Social Organization (ii) Male - female Unequality (iii) The Dowry System (iv) Superiority Complex Society consists of different classes, castes and creeds. But all classes do not have the same and equal social status. In the Eastern societies as well as in the Western societies people are divided in various classes on their social statuses. In India society is classified on the basis of birth while in the Western countries society has different classes on the basis of colour of people living there. (1) The Birth Theory of Hindu Social Organization In the Vedic social organization, which is also named as the Hindu social organization society has been divided into four classes - Brāhmaṇa, Kşattriya, Vaiśya and Sūdra. They have been originated respectively from head or month, arms, thighs and legs of the Parama Purusa, according to the Purușa Sakta of the Rga Veda. Because mouth or head occupies the highest place in body, so the Brāhmaṇa class is placed on the top of social ranking. The Kşattriya class has the second position in Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only Forn www.jainelibrary.org

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