________________
JANUARY, 1892.]
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS.
72
20. pamcha samvachharái, the five years, viz. :1. the nakshatra year with 12 periodic months of 32744 rux@hapa. 2. the yoga year, lunar year of 3544} wux@hucpa.
3. the pamâņa (pra) year, of which there are five kinds. In addition to the two just mentioned, the pitu year (savana) of 360 vuxhuepa, the solar year of 366 vuxhepa, and the lunar leap-year of 3834 ruxonnepa.
4. the lakshaņa year, divided into the same five groups as above; there are, however, in addition certain requisites or characteristics.
5. the year of Saturn (30 years), during which Saturn completes his circuit though the 28 naksh.
21. jdisassa sayadárain, the gates of the nakshatras (in what quarter of the heavens they bring good fortune).
22. nakkhattavijal (vichayah), transit of the sun and moon through the 28 naksh. Book XI. Of the beginning of the five lunar years belonging to the yuga.
Book XII. Of the five kinds of year, which were discussed in 10, 20 on pamânasamvatsara ; they receive a much fuller treatment here.
Book XIII. Of the waxing and waning of the moon. Book XIV. When is moonlight the brightest ?
Book XV. Of the rapidity of the five classes of constellations-son, moon, planets, naksh. and tara. - According to Leumann cf. also Jiv. 4, 31, 19.
[410] Book XVI. Of the properties of moonlight.
Book XVII. Of the fall (passing away) and uvavậya (resurrection) of the genii of the moon, sun, etc.
Book XVIII. Of the height of the constellations above, and their distance from, the earth - cf. Jiv. 4, 31, 3 (L.)
Book XIX. Of the number of the suns, etc., in Jambudvipa, etc.; cf. Jiv. 4, 16, 17, 1. 20, 6. 10. 16 21 (L.)
Book XX. Of the nature and substance of the five classes of constellations. There is a commentary by Malayagiri. XVIII. The sixth upangam, the Janbuddivapannatti.
We have seen (above p. 268) that in the third anga 4, 11 a work of this name was cited, if not as upanga, at least as angabâhira. In that anga we find the same minute division of time which we meet with here; hence the existence of this upånga is assured even if its present form is different from that then in vogue. In our text upon a definite occasion there is a special reference to up. 5 and ap. 7, each of which in turn cites our upånga. It is, therefore, probable that these works are synchronistic, sopposing that the citations in this instance are not, as usually the case, the work of the redactor.
The legendary introduction to this upanga is wholly identical with that which commences [411] upângas 5 and 7, - upangas which are connected by a very close tie. This introduction is inserted between upangas 5 and 7 in a very remarkable manner. Our up. is, however, different from these, in that, like angas 1-3, it concludes with the formula ti bêmi, which, it must however, be confessed, is found at the end at least of books 10, 15 ; see p. 405.
There are no sub-divisions in the text itself, whence the Vidhiprapa calls it égasarâ. The commentary, however, recognizes seven sections which it calls by the strange title of vakbhaskâra 13
11 In 8, 1, however, only the titles of up gas 7. 5 (and the title of a part of ap. ) aro mentioned. The title of our up. finds there no mention whatsoever.
13 This recurs e. g. in Hemahansa's nykyamarijdah. .
