Jain Rajnaitik Chintan Dhara

Author(s): Rameshchandra Jain
Publisher: Arunkumar Shastri
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/090203/1

Page #1
jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA +'. - dast BAplak SACH ... SC . STORY . . A n iramitawin paytm idol MTS. E r 12424 MOwain

Page #2
sampAdakIya bhAratIya rAjanIti kA cintana sadaiva naitika mUlya paraka aura dUsaroM ko preraNA pradAna karane ke sAtha-sAtha svayaM anuzAsana meM baddha hone kA rahA hai / yahA~ rAjA kA kArya sadaiva lokaraJjana karatA rahA hai / uttararAma caritam meM mahAkavi bhavabhUti ne rAma ke mukha se kahalAyA hai snehaM dayA ca saukhya ca yadi vA jAnakImapi / ArAdhanAya lokasya muJcato nAsti meM vyathA / arthAt loka kI agAdhanA ke lie mujhe sneha, syA, sukha aura jAnakI ko bhI chor3anA par3e to mujhe vyathA nahIM hogii| jaina AgamoM meM kahA gayA hai -viNao mokkha maggo' arthAt vinaya mokSa kA mArga hai / rAjA ko bhI vinIta hone kA upadeza diyA gayA hai / vahI manuSya mahAn hai, jo jitendriya ho / manusmRti meM kahA gayA hai ki rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha dina-rAta indriyoM para vijaya pAne kI ceSTA karatA rahe; kyoMki jitenTriya rAjA hI prajA ko vaza meM rakha sakatA hai| saMsAra ko samasta paryAdAyeM rAjA dvArA hI surakSita mAnI gayI hai / rAjA dharmoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai / rAjA ke bAhubala kI chAyA kA Azraya lekara prajA sukha se AtmadhyAna karatI hai tathA AzramavAsI vidvAna nirAkula rahate haiN| harivaMzapurANakAra jinasena ne kahA hai ki rAjA janma ko chor3akara saba bAtoM meM prajA kA mAtApitA hai, usake sukha-duHkha prajA ke AdhIna hai / abhijJAna zAkuntalam meM rAjA duSyanta kahatA hai yena yena viyujyante prajA snigdhena bandhunA / sa sa pApAd RAte tasAM duSyanta iti ghuSyatAm // 6/23 "prajAjana apane jisa kisI snehI bandhu bAndhava se viyoga ko prApta ho jAya / kevala pApakArya ko chor3a kara duSyanta unakA vahI banyu bAyava hai, aisI ghoSaNA karA dI jAya / rAjA adha:patana se hone vAle vinAza se rakSA karatA hai, ataH saMsAra kI sthiti rahatI hai, aisA na hone para saMsAra kI sthiti nahIM raha sktii| uttama rAjA se yukta bhUmi sukha detI hai| Aja ke manuSya ke pAsa saba kucha sAdhana hote hue bhI vaha sukhI nahIM hai kyoMki jinheM hamane sattA sauMpa rakhI hai, janatA ke una pratinidhiyoM kA caritra ujavala nahIM hai / Aja rAjanIti kA aparAdhIkaraNa ho gayA hai,ata: manuSya duHkhI hai| prAcIna rAjAoM kA svarUpa aisA nahIM thA / vAdIbhasiMha kA kahanA hai ki rAjA garbha kA bhAra dhAraNa karane ke kleza se anabhijJa mAtA, janma kI karaNamAtratA se rahita pitA, siddhamAtRkA ke upadeza ke kleza se rahita guru, ubhayalokoM kA hita karane meM tatpara bandhu, nidrA ke upadrava se rahita netra, dUsare zarIra meM saMcAra karane vAle prANa, samudra meM na utpanna hone vAle kalpavRkSa, cintA kI apekSA se rahita cintAmaNi, kulaparamparA ko Agati ke jAnakAra, sevakoM ke premapAtra vraja kI prajA kI rakSA karane vAle, zikSA ke uddezya se daNDa dene vAle aura zatrusamUha ko daNDita karane vAle hote haiM /

Page #3
AcArya somadeva ne rASTra kI paribhASA isa prakAra dI hai - 'pazu dhAnya hiraNya sampadA rAjate zobhate iti rASTrama' arthAt jahA~ pazu, dhAnya aura hiraNya sampadA suzobhita hotI hai, use rASTra kahate haiN| Aja dhAnya aura hiraNya sampadA kI ora to vizeSa dhyAna diyA jA rahA hai, kintu pazu sampadA kI ghora upekSA ho rahI hai| pazuoM ko amAnuSika yantraNA dekara Adhunika zastropakaraNoM se laisa vadhazAlAoM meM mArA jA rahA hai / aisI sthiti meM pazudhana ko surakSA ke binA rASTrako pAlAmA kaise kI jA sakatI hai? hameM prAcIna AdarzoM se zikSA grahaNa karanI cAhie / paryApta guptacara vyavasthA ke abhAva meM bar3e se bar3e vyakti kA bhI jIvana Aja khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / sImAvartI rAjyoM meM videzI ejenTa sakriya haiM, jo AtaGkavAdI gatividhiyA~ phailA rahe haiM, isa prakAra deza ke sAmane aneka samasyAyeM haiM, jinakA nirAkaraNa prAcIna bhAratIya rAjamArgopadeSTAoM ke nItiparaka upadezoM se hI ho sakatA hai, jisake lie samyak adhyayana apekSita hai| DaoN.vijayalakSmI jaina ne jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA ko sarvasAmAnya ke sammukha udghATita kara mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA hai| rAjanaitika ciMtanadhArA ko dharmanIti se jor3ane vAle dArzanika saMta parama pUjya zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja kI pAvana preraNA evaM maMgalakArI AzIrvAda se yaha kRti saMpAdita evaM prakAzita hokara pAThakoM ke hAtha meM pahuMca rahI hai, inake pAvana caraNoM meM koTi - koTi namostu karatA hU~, tathA isa grantha kA prakAzana zrI digambara jaina samiti,ajamera ke sahayoga se AcArya jAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra byAvara se kiyA jA rahA hai, ata: kendra ke prati bhI sAdhuvAda jJApita karatA hU~ / AzA hai, isa prakAra ke adhyayana ko aura bhI adhika gati prApta hogii| -DaoN. ramezacanda jaina

Page #4
prakAzakIya ciraMtana kAla se bhArata mAnava samAja ke liye mUlyavAna vicAroM kI khAna banA huA hai / isa bhUmi se prakaTa AtmavidyA evaM tatva jJAna meM sampUrNa vizva kA nava udAtta dRSTi pradAna kara use patanImukhI hone se bacAyA hai / isa deza se eka ke bAda eka prANayAna pravAha prakaTa hote rahe / isa prANavAna bahUmUlya pravAhoM kI gati kI aviralatA meM jainAcAryoM kA mahAna yogadAna rahA hai| strIso zatAbdI meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA vizva ko Adima sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke jAnane ke upakrama meM prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya kI vyApaka khojabIna evaM gahana adhyanAdi kArya sampAdika kiye gye| bIsavIM zatAbdI ke Arambha taka prAcyayAGmaya kI zodha, khoja va adhyApana anuzIlanAdi meM aneka jaina-ajaina vidvAna bhI agraNI hue / phalataH isa zatAbdI ke madhya taka jainAcArya viracita aneka AdhakArAcchAdika mUlyavAna grandharatna prakAza meM aaye| ina gahanIya granthoM meM mAnava jIvana kI yugIna samasyAoM ko sulajhAne kA apUrva sAmarthya hai / vidvAnoM ke zoSa-anusaMdhAna-anuzolana kAryoM ko prakAza meM lAne hetu aneka sAhityika saMsthAe udita bhI huI, saMskRta, hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM meM sAhitya mAgara avagAhanarata aneka vidvavAnoM dvArA navasAhitya bhI sRjita huA hai, kintu jainAcArya-viracita vipula sAhitya ke sakala granthoM ke prakAzanArtha anuzIlanArtha ukta prayAsa paryApta nahIM haiM / sakala jaina vAGmaya ke adhikAMza grantha aba bhI aprakAzita haiM, jo prakAzita bhI hai to zodhArthiyoM ko bahuparizramopasanta bhI prApta nahIM ho pAte hai / aura bhI aneka bAdhAyeM: samasyAaiM jaina granthoM ke zodha-anusandhAna-prakAzana ke mArga meM hai, ataH samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke sAtha-sAtha vividha saMsthAoM-upakramoM ke mAdhyama se samekita prayAsoM kI AvazyakatA eka lambe samaya se vidvAnoM dvArA mahasUsa kI jA rahI thii| rAjasthAna prAnta ke mahAkavi bra. bhUrAmala zAstrI (A. jJAtamAgara mahArAja) ko janmasthanI evaM karma sthalo rahA hai / mahAkavi ne cAra-cAra saMskRta mahAkAvyoM ke praNayana ke sAtha hindI saMskRta meM jaina darzana siddhAnta evaM adhyAtma ke lagabhaga 24 granthoM kI racanA karake avaruddha jaina sAhityabhAgIrathI ke pravAha ko pravartita kiyA / yaha eka vicitra saMyoga kahA jAnA cAhiye ki rasasiddha kavi kI kAvyarasa dhArA kA pravAha rAjasthAna kI marudharA se huA / imI rAjasthAna ke bhAgya me zramaNa paramparonnAyaka santaziromaNI AcArya vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke suziSyajinavANI ke pAMca udghoSaka, aneka aitihAsika upakramoM ke samartha sUtradhAra, adhyAtmayogI yuvAmanISI pU. munipuMgava sudhAsAgara jI mahArAja kA yahIM padArpaNa huA / rAjasthAna ko dharA para rAjasthAna ke apara sAhityakAra ke samagrakRtitva para eka akhila bhAratIya vidgata saMgoSTI sAgAnera meM dinAMka 1 juna se 11 jUna, 1994 tathA ajamera nagara meM mahAkavi kI mahanIya kRti "daurodaya" mahAkAvya para akhila bhAratIya vidvat saMgoSTho dinAMka 13 se 15 akTUbara 1994 taka Ayojita huI va isA suavasara para di. jaina samAja, ajamera ne AcArya jJAnasAgara ke sampUrNa 24 grantha munizrI ke 1994 ke cAtumAsa ke daurAna prakAzita kara/lokArpaNa kara abhUtapUrva aitihAsika kAma karake zruta ko mahat prabhAvanA kI / pU. muni zrI ke sAnidhya meM Ayojita ina saMgoSThiyoM meM mahAkavi ke kRtitva para anuzIlanAtmaka-AlocanAtmaka, zodhapatroM ke vAcana sahita vidvAnoM dvArA jaina sAhitya ke zodha kSetra meM Agata aneka samasyAoM para cintA vyakta kI gaI tathA zodha chAtroM ko chAtravRtti pradAna karane. zodhArthiyoM ko zodha viSaya sAmagrI upalabdha karAne, jJAnasAgara vAGmaya mahiMta sakala jaina vidyA para prakhyAta adhikArI vidvAnoM dvArA nibandha lekhana - prakAzanAdi ke vidvAnoM dvArA prastAva aaye|

Page #5
isake anantara mAsa 22 se 24 janavarI taka 1995 meM byAvara (rAja.) meM munizrI ke saMgha sAnidhya meM Ayojita "AcArya jJAnasAgara rASTrIya saMgoSThI meM pUrva prastAvoM ke kriyAnvana ko joradAra mAMga kI gaI tathA rAjasthAna ke amara sAhityakAra, siddhasArasvata mahAkavi ba. mUrAmala jI kI sTecyU sthApanA para bhI bala diyA gayA, vidvat goSThiI meM ukta kAryoM ke saMyojanArtha DaoN. ramezacandra jaina bijanaura aura mujhe saMyojaka cunA gayA / munizrI ke AzISa se jyAvara nagara ke aneka udAra dAtAroM ne ukta kAryoM hetu mukta hRdaya se sahayoga pradAna karane ke bhAva vyakta kiye| pU. munizrI ke maMgala AziSa se dinAMka 18.3.95 ko trailokya tilaka mahAmaNDala vidhAna ke zubhaprasaMga para seDha campAlAla rAmasvarUpa ko nasiyoM meM jayodaya mahAkAvya (7 khaNDoM meM) ke prakAzana saujanya pradAtA Ara.ke.mArbalasa kizanagar3ha ke ratanalAla kaMbarIlAla pATanI zrI azoka kumAra jI evaM jilA pramukha zrImAn pukharAja pahAr3iyA, pIsAMgana ke karakamaloM dvArA isa saMsthA kA zrIgaNeza AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra ke nAma se kiyA gyaa| AyArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra ke mAdhyama se jainAcArya praNIta granthoM ke sAtha jaina saMskRti ke pratipAdaka granthoM kA prakAzana kiyA jAvegA evaM AcArya jJAnasAgara vAGmaya kAvyApaka mUlyAMkana-samIkSA-anuzIlanAdi kArya karAye jaayeNge| kendra dvArA jaina vidyA para zodha karane vAle zodhArthI chAtra hetu 10 chAtravRttiyoM kI bhI vyavasthA kI jA rahI hai| kendra kA artha prabanya samAja ke udAra dAtAroM ke sahayoga se kiyA jA rahA hai| kendra kA kAryAlaya seTha campAlAla rAmasvarUpa kI nasiyoM meM prArambha kiyA jA cukA hai| samprati 10 vidvAnI kI vividha viSayoM para zodha nibandha likhane hetu prastAva bheje gaye, prasannatA kA viSaya hai 25 vidvAna apanI svIkRti pradAna kara cuke haiM tathA kendra ne sthApanA ke prathama mAsa meM hI nimna pustakeM prakAzita kI - prathama puSpa - itihAsa ke patre - AcArya jJAnasAgara jI dvArA racita dvitIya puSpa - hita sampAdaka - AcArya jJAnasAgarajI dvArA racita tRtIya puSpa - tIrtha pravartaka - munizrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke pravacanoM kA saMkalana caturtha puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA - DaoN. zrImatI vijayalakSmI jaina paMcama puSpa - aJjanA pavanaMjayanATakam DaoN. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura SaSTama puSpa - jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kA svarUpa - DaoN. narendrakumAra dvArA likhita saptama puSpa - bauddha darzana para zAstrIya samikSA DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura aSTama puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA DaoN. zrIpatI vijayalakSmI jaina dvArA likhita pustaka (pI, eca. DI. hetu svIkRta) prakAzita kI jA rahI haiM / jo loga yaha kahate haiM ki jaina darzana mAtra AdhyAtmika cetanA taka hI sImita haiM / rASTra cetanA ke sambanya meM niSkrIya haiM aise logoM kI mithyA dhAraNA ko yaha pustaka dUra karegI tathA dizA nirdeza bhI degI kI jaina darzana AdhyAtmaka premI hone ke sAtha-sAtha rASTra premI bhI hai| aruNa kumAra zAstrI, byAvara

Page #6
dI zabda bhAratIya rAjanIti ke vibhinna pahaluoM para prAcya aura pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne kAphI zodha aura khoja kI hai tathA isake viSaya meM aneka granthoM kA praNayana huA hai| anya bhAratIya AcAryoM kI taraha jaina AcAryoM ne bhI rAjanaitika viSayoM para gahana manthana kiyA hai, kintu isa ora vidvAnoM kI dRSTi nahIM gaI hai yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina rAjanIti para abhI taka atyalpa sAmagrI prakAza meM AI hai evaM rAjanItipradhAna granthoM meM jaina sandarbhoM kA nitAnta abhAva hai| isI abhAva kI pUrti hetu hamArA dhyAna isa ora gayA / prastuta zodha prabandha jaina rAjanaitika cintanadhArA (sAtarjI se dazavIM zatAbdI) isI dizA meM kiyA gayA AMzika prayatna hai| isa prayatna kI saphalatA kA pUrA zreya una prAcIna mahanIya maharSiyoM ko hai, jinake vicAroM ko grahaNa kara isa prabandha ko sajAyA aura saMvArA gayA hai| tathA dArzanika saMta parama pUjya zraddheya guruvara zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja kI pAvana preraNA evaM maMgalakArI ArzIvAda se yaha kRti carmotkarSatA prApta karakeM pAThakoM ke hAtha meM pahu~ca rahI haiN| inake pakaraNoM meM phoTo karatI huuN| AgarA kaoNleja AgarA ke rAjanIti vibhAga ke adhyakSa DaoN. vI. ema. ToMka kI maiM hRdaya se bahuta AbhArI hU~, jinake kuzala nirdezana meM yaha zodha kArya sampatra ho skaa| DaoN. rAjakumAra jaina (tatkAlIna adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, AgarA kaoNleja, AgarA), DraoN kundanalAla jaina (tatkAlIna adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, barelI kaoNlejabarelI) tathA anya aneka mahAnubhAvoM se samaya-samaya para mujhe upayogI parAmarza mile / sahAyaka pustakoM ke rUpa meM aneka prAcIna AcAryoM evaM Adhunika vidvAnoM kI kRtiyoM kA upayoga isa grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| ina sabake prati meM hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI huuN| AgarA vizvavidyAlaya se yaha zodha prabandha 'sAtavI se dazavIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina sAhitya meM rAjanIti ' zIrSaka se pI-eca. DI. hetu svIkAra kiyA gayA thA, aba isakA zIrSaka parivartita kara 'jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA (sAtavIM se dazavIM zatAbdI) ' ke rUpa meM prakAzita karAyA jA rahA hai| AzA hai isase rAjanIti zAstra ke adhyetAoM ko lAbha hogaa| isa grantha kA prakAzana digambara jaina samiti, ajamera ke sahayoga se AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra, byAvara se kiyA jA rahA hai, ata: isa kendra ke prati kRtajJayatA jJApita karatI huuN| tathA grantha prakAzana meM Arthika sahayoga pradAna karane vAle ko anekaza dhanyavAda ! ........... vijayalakSmI jaina

Page #7
viSayAnukramaNikA prathama adhyAya sAtavIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI bhAratIya rAjanIti sindhuyugIna rAjanIti 1, vaidika kAlIna rAjanIti 2, mahAkAvyoM meM varNita rAjanIti 3. smRtigranthoM meM pratipAdita rAjanIti 4, rAjanIti pradhAna granthoM meM varNita rAjanIti 7. kauTilIya arthazAstra 7, zukrAnItisAra 9, kAmandakIya nItistara 10 dvitIya adhyAya sAtavIM se dazavIM zatyandI taka ke pramukha jaina rAjanaitika vicAraka aura unakA yogadAna: raviSeNa 13, jaTAsiMhanandi 14, jinasena prathama 15, dhanaMjaya 16, sAdIsiMha 18, jinasena dvitIya 20, guNabhadra 21, vIranandi 22, asaga 24, somadeva 25 tRtIya adhyAya rAjya rAjya kI paribhASA aura usakA kSetra 29, rAjya kI utpatti 31, rAjya ke aMga 32. rASTra 32, deza 32, viSaya 32, maNDala 32, janapada 32, dAraka 32, nirgama 32, janapada ke guNa 32, janapada ke doSa 32, rASTra ke kaNTaka 33 rAjya kA phala 33, rAjya ke kArya 33 . caturtha adhyAya rAjA - rAjA kA mahattva 35, rAjyabhiSeka 38, rAjA kA uttarAdhikArI 40, rAjAoM kI dinacaryA 41, rAjAoM ke bheda 41, kulakara 42, cakravatI 42,arddhacakrI 43, vidyAdhara 44, mahAmANDalika 45, maNDalAdhiya 45, sAmanta 45, dvopa 46 bhUcara 46, dharmavijayo rAjA 46, lomavijayI rAjA 46, asuravijayI rAjA 47, zatru aura mitra kI apekSA rAjAoM ke bheda 47 rAjAoM ke mitra 48, nispamitra sahajamitra 48, kRtrima mitra 48, mitra ke guNa 48, mitra ke doSa 49, Ardaza maitrI kI parIkSA 49, maitrI ke ayogya puruSa 49, rAjA ke adhikAra 49, rAjA ke kartavya 49, nyAyapurNa vyavahAra 49, kulapAlana 50, pratyanupAlana 50, AtmAnupAlana 50. prajApAlana 51, anurUpa daNDa denA 51, mukhya varga kI rakSA 52, ghAyala aura mRta sainikoM ko rakSA 52, sevakoM kI daridratA kA nivAraNa tathA sammAna 52, yogya sthAna para niyukti 52, kaNTaka zodhana 53, sevakoM kI AjIvikA denA 53, yogya puruSoM kI niyukti 53, kRSi kArya meM yoga denA 53, amaramlecchoM ko vaza ke karanA 53, prajArakSaNa 54, sArajasya athavA samaJjasatva dharma kA pAlana 54, durAcAra kA niSedha karanA 5A, lokApavAda se bhayabhIta honA 54, rAjamaNDala ke prati karttavya 55, udAsIna 55, madhyama kA madhyastha 55, vijIgoNu 55, ari 55 mitra 55 pANigrAha 55, Akranda 55, AsAra 55, antadghi 55 zatru ke kuTumbiyoM ke prati rAjakartavya 55 paradeza meM rahane vAle svadezI vyakti ke prati rAjakartavya 55, sahAyakoM ke prati rAjakartavya 55, vyApAriyoM ke prati rAjakartavya 56, anya kartavyA 55, rAjA ke guNa 57. gharAMgacarita meM prativimbita rAjA ke guNa 57, dvisandhAna mahAkAvya meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 58, vAdopasiMha

Page #8
ke kAvyoM meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 60, AdipurANa meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 61, uttarapurANa meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 61, candraprabhacarita meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 62, vardhamAnacarita meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa 63, nItivAkyAmRta meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa64, rAjA ke pramukha guNa 64, ariSaDvargavijaya 64, rAgAsakta janoM meM yogya 65, trivarga kA avizeSa rUpa se sevana 66, madhyavRtti kA Azraya 67, kArya ko svayaM nizcita karanA 67. zAnti aura pratApa 67, zatruoM kA vijetA honA 67, prajApAlana 67 vIratA 68. jAgRti 68, niyamapUrvaka kArya karanA 68, vidvattA yathAparAdha daNDa 69, nyAyaparAyaNatA 70, satsaMgati 70, dAna denA 70, pratyupakAra 70, samayAnusAra kArya karanA 70 jitendriyatA 70, gopanIyatA 70, anItipUrNa AcaraNa kA parityAga 71, dhArmikatA 77, rAjA ke doSa 71, mUrkhatA 72, dRSTatA 73, durAcAra 73, caMcalacittapanA 73, svatantratA 73, Alasya 73, apanI zakti ko na jAnanA 73, adhArmikatA 73, balAtkArapUrvaka prajA se dhanagrahaNa 73, yathAparAdha daNr3a na denA 73, zUdra adhikArI racanA 73, svecchAcAritA 73, brahmaghAta 73, paMcama adhyAya rAjakumAra rAjakumAra 83, rAjakumAroM ko dI jAne vAlI zikSA 85 isa prakAra paragativirodhinI 88 pRSTha adhyAya - mantripariSad aura anya adhikArI mantripariSad kA mahattva 92, mantriyoM kI saMkhyA 93, mantriyoM kI yogyatA 94. mantriyoM kI yogyatA kI parIkSA 94, dharmopadhA 94, arthopadhA 95 kAmopaghA 95, bhayopazrA 95, mantriyoM kI niyukti 95, mantriyoM ke artha 96, rAjA aura mantrI kA pArasparika vyavahAra 97, amAtya aura unakA mahattva 97, amAtyoM kA adhikAra kSetra 98, amAtya ke doSa 98, amAtya hone ke ayogya puruSa 98, mantriyoM ke doSa rAjA kI icchA ke anusAra akArya kI kArya ke rUpa meM zikSA denA 98, vyasanatA 99, yuddhodyoga athavA bhUmityAga kA upadeza denA 99 hitopAya tathA ahita pratIkAra na karanA 99, akulInatA 99, svecchAcAritA 99, vyAvahArikatA kA abhAva 99 mUrkhatA 99, viSamatA 99 zastropajIvitA 99, mantrANA aura usakA mAhAtya 99, manvaNI karate samaya dhyAna dene yogya bAteM 100, mantraNA karane kA sthAna 100, mantraNA ke ayogya vyakti 101, mantrabheda se hAni 101, mantrabheda ke kAraNa 101, mantraNA kI surakSA aura usakA prayoga 101 paJcAMga mantra 101, kArya Arambha karane kA upAya 101, puruSa tathA dravya sampatti 107, deza aura kAla 101, vighnapratIkAra 101, kAryasiddhi 102, uccapadAdhikArI aThAraha zreNiyoM ke pradhAna 102, mantrI 102, purohita 102, senApati 103, senApati ke guNa 103, senApati ke doSa 103, senApati kA kArya yuvarAja 103, dauvArika 104, antarvezika 104, prazAstA 104, samAhartA 104, AkarAdhyakSa 104, paNyAdhyakSa 104, kupyAdhyakSa 105 AyuSAgArAdhyakSa 105 yauvasAdhyakSa 105, mAnAdhyakSa 105 zulkAdhyakSa 105, sUtrAdhyakSa 105, sotAdhyakSa 105, surAdhyakSa 105, sUnAdhyakSa 105, gaNikAdhyakSa 105, nAvadhyakSa 105, go'dhyakSa 105, azvAdhyakSa 105, hastyadhyakSa 105, rathAdhyakSa 105, mudrAdhyakSa 105, vivItAdhyakSa 105 lakSaNAdhyakSa 105, -

Page #9
devatAdhyakSa 105, sannidhAtA 105, pradeSTA 105, nAyaka 105, pauraNyAvahArika 105. kAmAntika 105, mantripariSadAdhyakSa 106, daNDapAla 106, durgapAla 106, antapAla 106, ATavika 106, zreNiyoM kA mahatva 18 mabhApati 10. ,gaja zreStI 106 pItAmarda, 196.,anta ra ke prazika 106, naibhistika 107, bhANDAgarika 307, paura 107, mahattara 107, gRhapati 107. grAma mukhya 107, lekhapravAha 107, lekhaka 107, mojaka 107, goSTamahattara 107. purarakSaka 107. pAlaka 107, dharmastha 107, AyudhapAlana 107, yAmamahattara 107, adhikAriyoM ko niyukti 107, adhikAriyoM kA rAjA ke prati vyavahAra 108, rAjA kA adhikAriyoM ke prati kattaMvya 108 saptama adhyAya . dIpa evaM durga - kopa kI upayogitA 113, koSa kA lakSaNa 114, koSAdhikAro 114, koSavihIna rAjA kI sthiti 114,Aya aura vyaya 114, rAjakIya Aya ke sAgham kara 115, adhikAriyoM se prApta dhana 115, vyApAriyoM se prApta dhana 115, anya deza ke rAjAoM se prApta dhana 115, koSavRddhi ke upAya 115, saMcaya karane yogya padArtha 116, koSavRddhi ke kAraNa 116, koSa ke guNa 116, artha aura usakI mahattA 116, arthalAbha ke tIna bheda 117, rAjanAlA dhana 117, durga kI paribhASA 117, durga kA mahattva 117, durgaracanA 117, durga ke bheda 118, svAbhAvika durga 118, AhArya durga 11B, durgajItane ke upAya 118, adhigamana 118, upajApa 118, virAnubandha 118, avaskanda 118, tIkSNapuruSa prayoga 118, durga na hone se hAni 118, durga kI surakSA ke upayA 178 aSTama abhAva bala athavA senA - senA kI paribhASA 121, senA ke bheda 121, hastisenA 121, azvasenA 121, ratha senA 122, padAtisenA 122, saptAGga senA 122 mokSabala 123, mRtakabala 123, zreNI bala 124, AraNya bala 124, mitrabala 124, durgabala 124, senA kI gaNanA 125, patti 125, senA 125, senAmukha 125, gutma 125, vAhiNI 125, pRtanA 125, camU 125, anIkinI 125, atauhiNo 125, sainika prayANa 125, sainya zivira 126, yuddhakAlIna sthiti 127, senA ke vividha karmacArI 128, yuddha 128, sainya zakti kA upayoga 128, yuddhakAlIna rAjakartavya 129, yuddharIti 129, vyUha racanA 130, cakravyUha 130, garUr3a vyUha 130, keturacanA 130, tRSNoyuddha 130, zreSTha senA 131 sainikoM kA kartavya 131, senA ke rAja virUddha hone ke kAraNa 131, yuddha meM jIta na hone ke kAraNa 131, parAjaya ke bAda kI sthiti 131, zatruvijaya 132, deza 135, kAla 135, yAtrAkAla 135, ucita deza 13 navama adhyAya nyAya evaM prazAsana vyavasthA - nyAya kI AvazyakatA 140, nyAyAdhIza 140, sabhya 140, nyAyika uttaradAyitva 140. sabhAyeM 141, vijayadeva kI sabhA 141, sudhamAM sabhA aura usake samAna anya sabhAyeM 141, zakra samA 141, baladeva sabhA 141, rAmA basu kI sabhA 141, rAja sabhA 142, vAdavivAda

Page #10
meM pramANa 143, parAjita ke lakSaNa 143, 555 : AvAH 16.:: 14:, 6. ..de / 144, daNDanIti kA prArambhika itihAsa 144, daNDa aura usake bheda 144, prazAsana kI sthiti 145, prazAsana kI suvyavasthA hetu rAjakIya kartavya 146, grAmya sagaMThana 146, grAmINa evaM nAgarika zAsana paddhati 146, pulisa vyavasthA 146, prAntIya zAsana paddhati 147 dazama adhyAya antarASTrIya sambandha - dUta aura usakA mahatva 149, dUta kA lakSaNa 149, dUta ke guNa 149, dUta kI yogyatAyeM 149, dutoM ke bheda 150, nisRSTArtha 150, parimitArtha 150, zAsanahArI 150. dUtoM ke kArya 150 dUtoM se surakSA 151, zatrupreSita lekha tathA upahAra ke viSaya meM rAjakartavya 151, duta ke prati rAjakartA 151, lekha kI pramANatA 151, guptacara aura unakA mahattva 152, guptacaroM kI niyukti 152, guptacaroM ke guNa 152, guptacaroM ke bheda 152, chAtra 152, kapaTika 152. udAsthita 152, gRhapatti 152, yedehika 152, tApasa 152, kirAta 152, yamapaTTika 152. ahiMtuNDika 152, zoNDika 152, zobhika 152. pATaccara 153, biTa 153, vidUSaka 153. pItamadaM 153, nAstika 153, gAyaka 153, vAdaka 153, vAgjovo 153, gaNaka 153. zAkunika 153, bhiSagR 153, aindrajAttika 153, naimittika 153, sUda 153, ArAlika 153, saMvAka 153. sIkSNa 153, 'kura 153, rasada 153. gupta rahasya kI rakSA 153, guptacara rahita rAjA ko hAni 153, guptacara ke vacanoM kI pramANatA 153, guptarahasya prakAzana kI avadhi 154, guptacaroM kA kartavya 154, guptacaroM kA vetana 354, tona zaktiyAM 154, mantrazakti 154. utsAha zakti 154, pAiguNya siddhAnta 154, vigraha 155, yAna 155, Asana 155, saMzraya 155, dvaidhIbhAva 156, upAya 156. sAma 156, sAmanIti ke bheda 158, dAna 156, sthAna 159, bheda tathA daNDa ke prayoga kA avasara 159, daNDa 159, bheda 160, upAyoM kA samyak prayoga 160, nItimArga 161 ekAdaza adhyAya upasaMhAra - rAgya 165, rAjA kI AvazyakatA 166, rAjA kI mahattA 166, rAjA meM naitika guNoM kI anivAryatA 166, suzikSita rAjakumAra 166, doSapUrNa rAjA 167. rAjA ke sahAyaka 168, sahAyakoM ke prati rAjA ke karttavya 169, arthavyavasthA 169, lokarakSA ke lie kie gae nirmANa kArya 169, sainyazakti 170, mitrazakti 170, nAgarika aura grAmya zakti 171, dRtoM kI bhUmikA 171, vAra pracAra 171, zaktitraya 171, bAGAgya 171, zatruoM kA pratIkAra 171. vidhAna 171, nyAya vyavasthA 172

Page #11
prathama adhyAya sAtavIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI bhAratIya rAjanIti prAcIna bhArata meM sAtavIM zatAbdI se pUrva rAjazAstra ke aneka AcArya hue haiM, jinako rAjanIti ke kSetra meM mahatI dena hai| sAtavIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI rAjanIti para eka vihaMgama dRSTi DAlane ke lie ise nimnalikhita bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai - (1) sindhu yugIna rAjanIti / (2) vaidika kAlIna rAjanIti / . (3) mahAkAvyoM meM varNita rAjanIti / . (4) smRti granthoM meM pratipAdita rAjanIti / (5) rAjanIti pradhAna granthoM meM varNita rAjanIti / ina saba kA samagra adhyayana to ina granthoM athavA inake AdhAra para likhe gae vistRta grandhoM se hI sambhava ho sakatA hai / yahA~ hamAre zodha prabandha kI pRSTha bhUmi ke rUpa meM unake katipaya mAlika tatvoM para hI kramaza: prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai - (1) sindhu yugIna rAjanIti - sindhu pradeza kI rAjanIti aura zAsana vyavasthA ke viSaya meM hamArA jJAna anumAna para hI nirbhara hai / kisI nizcita sAkSya ke abhAva meM yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki deza kI sattA kisI rAjA athavA usake yA janatA ke pratinidhi ke hAtha meM thI athavA purohita varga ke hAtha meM thI parantu yaha anumAnasvAbhAvika pratIta hotA hai ki kendrIya sattA kA vikendrIkaraNa kara diyA gayA thA / kadAcit kendrIya zAsana kI ora se aneka padAdhikArI bhinna-bhinna nagaroM meM zAsana karate the| kadAcit inheM nagara pAsiyoM kA bhI sahayoga prApta thA / sinyu pradeza meM pratiSThita samaSTigata jIvana ko dekhate hue yaha kahanA asaMgata na hogA ki vibhinna nagaroM meM nagarapAlikAoM kI bhI vyavasthA thii| nAliyoM ko saMrakSita aura sApha rakhane, sthAna- sthAna para kUr3A ekatra karane ke lie miTTI ke bane hue ghar3oM aura pIpoM ko rakhane tathA usa saMgrahIta kUr3e ko nagara ke bAhara phikavAne, sar3akoM, puloM, nagaroM aura sArvajanika bhavanoM ke nirmANa aura jIrNoddhAra karane, vyaktigata bhavanoM ke AkAra prakAra aura khir3akiyoM tathA nAliyoM Adi kI dizA para niyantraNa rakhane, zrama, mulya,lAma, mApa, tola Adi sArvajanika viSayoM ko niyamAnukUla rakhane ityAdi ke lie pratyeka nagara meM nagarapAlikA ke samAna koI saMsthA avazya rahI hogii| maike kA kathana hai ki mohanajodar3oM kA nagara rakSA ke nimitta dIvAroM ke dvArA kaI bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara diyA gayA thaa| ina vibhAgoM meM rAtri ke samaya pulisa ke gaztoM ko yojanA rahI hogii| aneka sar3akoM ke konoM para bhI ekaeka bhavana ke dhvaMsAvazeSa mile haiM / kadAcit ve pulisa ke nAke the|"shaanti priya jIvana hone ke kAraNa sindhu nivAsiyoM ko kabhI bahusaMkhyaka pulisa athavA miliTarI kI AvazyakatA na raho hogI / pulisa kA yoga ekamAtra sArvajanika kAryoM ke nimitta hI kiyA jAtA hogaa| utkhanana meM bhavanoM aura sar3akoM ke jo dhvaMsAvazeSa nikale haiM, unameM se adhikAMza Azcaryajanaka rUpa se saMrakSita aura vyavasthita haiN| inase anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki sindhu pradeza dIrghakAla taka viplava aura azAnti se mukta rahA hogA / "

Page #12
(2) vaidika kAlIna rAjanIti - vaidika yuga 2500 I. pUrva se lekara IsA pUrSa 200 varSa taka kA mAnA jAtA hai| isa yuga ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jAtA hai - pUrva vaidika kAla aura uttara vaidika kAla / pUrva vaidika kAla ko RgvedIya kAla kahate haiM, kyoMki isa kAla meM Rgveda likhA gayA / Rgveda kI racanA meM eka hajAra yA usase adhika varSa lage / bhAveda kA bAda kA 200 I. pUrva taka kA kAla usaravaidika kAla mAnA jAtA hai / RgvedIya kAla meM sAmAjika ikAI kA kula yA kuTumba hotA thA / isameM eka hI kulapati ke Azrama meM aneka kuTumbI rahate the / yaha kulapati yA kulapa kuTumba kA pitA yA bar3A bhAI hotA thA / kuTumboM yA gRhoM ke samUha ko grAma kahate the / gA~va se bar3I bastI ko viza' (vagaM yA saMgha) kahate the aura isakA mukhiyA vizpatti kahalAtA thaa| vizoM ke samUha kI jana kahate the / rASTra' zabda deza yA rAjya ke lie prayukta kiyA jAtA thA / usa samaya AryoM aura anAryoM (athavA vibhinna AryadaloM) ke bIca hone vAle anavarata yuddhoM ke kAraNa rAjA kA rahanA Avazyaka thA / rAjA anucita kArya karane vAloM ko daNDa detA thA / rAjakIya kAryoM meM purohita, senAnI aura grAmINa yoga dete the| rAjya kI ekacchatra zakti, kI rokathAma karane vAlI do sArvajanika saMsthAyeM thI. sabhA aura samiti, jinake dvArA janatA ke hita se sambandha rakhane vAlA nahAca to taka ki svayaM rAjA ke cunAva meM bhI janatA kI icchA prakaTa kI jAtI thI" | Rgveda kAla meM nyAya viSayaka sAmagrI apekSAkRta kama hai / usa samaya yaha prathA thI ki mAre gae vyaktiyoM ke sambandhiyoM ko dhana dekA usako jAna ke badale meM uRNa ho sakate the / eka vyakti yA manuSya ko zatadAya kahA gayA hai. kyoMki usake prANoM kA mUlya sau gAyeM thaa| isa prakAra prANapAta ke lie dravya dene kI prathA se A~kha ke badale aukha nikAlane aura dauta ke badale dA~ta tor3ane kI Adima kUra prathA kA sudhAra huA aura ghadasA lene ke nijI adhikAra para pAbandI huI / ugna aura jIvabhRga zabda kA zabdArtha hai - jovita pakar3a lenaa| ye zabda rAjA ke daNDadhara yA rakSA puruSoM ke vAcaka mAne gae hai" / uttaravaidika kAla meM rAjA kA pada nitAnta pratiSThita huA tathA usake adhikAroM meM bhI vizeSa rUpa se vRddhi huii| abhiSeka ke nimitta upAdeya yAgoM meM rAjarUpa mahattvazAlI hai / usake svarUpa kI mImAMsA karane se g2ajA kI prabhukti ke gaurava kA paricaya milatA hai / rAjA hone ke nimitta rAjasUya yajJa kA vidhAna niyata kiyA gayA thA / kAlAntara meM azvamegha kA anuSThAna samrATa tathA cakrapatI pada ke lie Avazyaka batalAyA gayA hai / adhikArI ratnoM ke nAma me prakhyAta the, jinake pAma abhiSeka se pahile rAjA ko jAnA Avazyaka thA / inake nAma ye haiM - (1) senAnI (senA kA adhyakSa) (2) purohita (3) abhiSecanIya rAjA (4) mahiNI (rAjA kI paTarAnI) (5) sUta (6) grAmadI (7) kSattR (8) saMgrahotR (9) bhAgaduha (prajA se kara vasUla karane vAle adhikArI) (10) akSAvAya (rupae paisoM kA hisAba rakhane vAle aphasara (11) gauvikartR (jaMgala kA adhikArI) | atharvaveda meM sabhA aura samiti ko prajApati ko do putriyoM kahA gayA hai / sabhA prAma mamA thI, yaha nAma ke samasta sthAnIya viSayoM kI dekha rekha karatI thii| atharvaveda meM eka sthAna para mabhA ko nariSThA kahA gayA hai / nariSThA kA artha sAmUhika vAdavivAda hotA hai / isase prakaTa hotA hai ki grAma nivAsI apanI sabhA meM vAda vivAda ke pazcAt hI kisI nirNaya para pahu~cate the / grAma ke

Page #13
J 3 sabhI viSaya sabhA ke AdhIna the| samiti rAjya kI kendrIya saMsthA pratIta hotI hai| atharvada meM eka sthAna para ullekha hai ki brAhmaNa sampatti kA apaharaNa karane vAle rAjya ko samiti kA sahayoga nahIM milanA cAhie" | dUsare sthAna para rAjA ke lie samiti ke cira sahayoga kI zubhAkAMkSA prakaTa kI gaI hai" / rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra ko Amantrita kiyA jAtA thA tAki ve mahArSInidhi kI bhA~ti manonIta rAjA kI rakSA kreN| rAjA kI ghoSaNA ina zabdoM meM kI jAtI thIhe janatA ! amuka vyakti tumhArA rAjA hai, kintu hama brAhmaNoM kA rAjA soma hai (zatapatha brAhmaNa 5/3/3/12, 5/4/2/3) isase isa siddhAnta kA samarthana hotA hai ki dharma jisakA pratinidhi brAhmaNa hai, usa rAjA yA chatra se Upara hai, jisakA zAsana jIvana ke una vyavahAroM aura kSetroM para haiM jo dharma ke antargata nahIM Ate / (3) mahAkAvyoM meM varNita rAjanIti rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata ye do prAcIna bar3e mahAkAya haiN| ina donoM ke kAla ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| DaoN. rAdhAkumuda mukarjI ke anusAra mahAbhArata pAtaMjali ke mahAbhAvya ( I. pU. dUsarI zatAbdI) taka pUrNa ho cukA thA " jaikobo mUla rAmAyaNa kI racanA 600 I. pUrva tathA maikDaoNnalDa 500 I. pUrva mAnate haiN| mUla rAmAyaNa meM prakSepa jor3e jAte rahe, phira bhI vidvAnoM ne yaha mata vyakta kiyA hai ki rAmAyaNa kA vartamAna rUpa 200 I. taka bana gayA thA | rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata donoM ke AdhAra para yahA~ rAjanIti kA vivecana kiyA jAyegA, kyoMki donoM kA vivecana lagabhaga samAna hai| prajA meM mAtsyanyAya kA vinAza karane ke lie rAjA kI AvazyakatA huI / rAjA kI kArya lokaraMjana karanA hai / rakSaNa, pAlana aura raMjana kArya kI samAnatA ke kAraNa rAjA aura kSatriya eka dUsare ke paryAya ke rUpa meM prayukta hote haiN| prajA ke yoga, kSema, vyAdhi, maraNa aura bhaya kA mUla rAjA hI hai" / rAjA ke binA loka kI sthiti aura sukha donoM asambhava hai" / mahAkAvyoM meM varNita rAjA niraMkuza nahIM hai, use dharma aura nIti ke anusAra zAsana calAnA hotA hai / atyAcArI rAjA adhikAracyuta kara diyA jAtA hai| prajAoM kA utpIr3ana karane vAlA rAjA pAgala kutte kI bhA~ti vadha kA pAtra hai" / rAjA hI yogya vyaktiyoM kI yogya padoM para niyukti karatA hai| 'nArada ke kRtAste vIra mantriNa:' ( sabhA parva 5/16 ) se spaSTa hai ki rAjA hI mantriyoM kA niyojaka thA, mantrIgaNa rAjakutyA rAjakartAraH nahIM the" / sAmAnyatayA rAjyAdhikAra vaMzAnugata hotA thaa| rAjA kI mRtyu ke pazcAt namakA jyeSTha putra svata: rAjyAdhikArI bana jAtA thaa| parantu yadi jyeSTa putra ke gambhIra zArIrika doSa ho to usa avasthA meM vaha rAjyAdhikAra se vaMcita kara diyA jAtA thaa| andhe dhRtarASTra kA udAharaNa isa viSaya meM ullekhanIya hai| kor3hI hone ke kAraNa devApi kA siMhAsanAdhikAra jAtA rahA thA aura usake sthAna para zAntanu rAjA banAyA gayA thA / rAjA ko janapada, kula, jAti, zreNI aura pUrA ina saMghIya saMsthAoM ke dharmoM kA AcAra aura niyamoM kA pAlana Avazyaka thaa| mahAbhArata meM gaNasaMsada saMghIya zAsana kA ullekha AtA hai, jo usa samaya pracalita hai| kaI grAmoM kA saMyukta zAsana bhI hotA thaa| isake atirikta rAjatantra praNAlI bhI pracalita thI /

Page #14
rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata se jJAta hotA hai ki vaidika kAla kI sabhA aura samiti saMsthAoM kA isa samaya sAsa ho gayA thA / DaoN. jAyasavAla ke anusAra inakA sthAna paura aura janapada saMsthAoM ne le liyA thA / DaoN.jAyasavAla ke mata kA khaNDana DaoN. alTekara ne kiyA hai| unake anusAra rAmAyaNa meM jo paura janapadA: zreSThAH kA ullekha huA hai, usakA Azaya pura aura janapada ke pramukha nivAsiyoM se.ma. samAoM ke prati gharoM se nahIM hai: kora yA banAne kA nirNaya dazaratha ne apane sacivoM ke sAtha parAmarza karake kiyA thA, kisI sabhA ke parAmarza se nahIM yadi paura tathA janapada do sabhAyeM hotI to ve rAma kA vanagamana bhI roka sakatI thii| (4) smRti granthoM meM pratipAdita rAjanIti - smRti sAhitya bahuta vizAla hai / yahA~ usakA samagra adhyayana sambhava nahIM ata: manusmRti aura yAjJavalaya smRti ina do pradhAna smRtiyoM ke mAdhyama se yahA~ rAjanIti kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai / manusmRti ke sAtaveM adhyAya meM rAjadharma kA vizeSa rUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha mAnava ke Adi pUrvaja manu se bhinna kisI vyakti kI racanA hai| DaoN. pANDuraGga vAmana kANe ne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para manusmRti kA racanAkAla I. pU. dUsarI zatAbdI se IsA ke uparAnta dUsarI zatAbdI ke bIca mAnA hai / manusmRti ke anusAra arAjaka saMsAra meM jaba sabhI logoM meM bhaya se khalabalI maca gaI to bhagavAn ne rAjA banAyA / indra, vAyu, yama, agni, vajhaNa, kubera, sUrya aura candramA kA thor3A aMza lekara vidhAtA ne rAjA kI racanA kI / indrAdi zreSTha devatAoM ke aMza se utpatra hone ke kAraNa rAjA saba prANiyoM meM zreSTha holA hai / sUrya ke samAna tejasvI rAjA apane rAjaleja se saba prANiyoM ke netra aura mana ko abhibhuta kara letA hai, isa kAraNa koI usako aura tAka nahIM paataa| vaha apane prabhAva se agni, vAyu, sUrya, candramA, yamarAja, varuNa, kubera aura indra kA mRtarUpa rahatA hai| rAjA yadi bAlaka ho to bhI sAdhAraNa manuSya samajhakara usakA apamAna nahIM karanA cAhie: kyoMki vaha manudhya ke rUpa meM bahuta bar3A devatA hai| yadi koI duHsAhasI manuSya Aga meM kUda par3e to jala jAyegA, kintu rAjA rUpa agni kapita ho jAya to vaha samasta pazu aura dasya ke sAtha use jalAkara bhasma kara detA hai| usakI prasannatA meM lakSmI, parAkrama meM vijaya aura krodha meM mRtyu kA nivAsa rahatA hai, kyoMki rAjA sarvatejamaya hai| isa prakAra manusmRti meM rAjA ko devIya aMza ke rUpa meM upasthita kiyA gayA hai| ___rAjA ko vinayavAn honA cAhie, kyoMki vinIta rAjA kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotA hai / rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha dina rAta indriyoM para vijaya pAne kI ceSTA karatA rhe| kyoMki jitendriya rAjA hI prajA ko vaza meM rakha sakatA hai / rAjA dasa kAmajanita aura ATha kroghajanita vyasanoM kA prayatnapurvaka tyAga kareM, kyoMki kAmajanita doSoM meM Asakta rAjA dharma aura artha se vaMcita ho jAtA hai aura krodhajanita vyasanoM meM Asakta hone se sadA prANasaMkaTa banA rahatA hai / mRgayA (zikAra), pAza krIr3A, dina meM sonA, dUsare ke doSa kahanA, striyoM kI Asakti, madanita matatA, vAdya, nRtya, gIta aura vRthA paryaTana ye dasa kAmajanita doSa kahe jAte haiN| cugalI, duHsAhasa, droha, ISyA. amUyA, paradhanaharaNa, vAkpAruSya (Akroza),aura daNDapArUNya arthAt atyanta tAr3anAyeM ATha prakAra ke krodhajanita doSa kahe jAte haiM | ___manusmRti meM daNDa kI utpatti bhI Izvara dvArA nirmita mAnI gaI hai" / daNDa hI rAjA, daNDa hI purUSa, daNDa ho rAjA kA netA aura daNDa ho zAsanakartA rahatA hai, RSiyoM ne daNDa ko hI cAroM

Page #15
AzramoM ke dharma kA pratibhU kahA hai / daNDa hI prajA kA zAsana, rakSA aura avekSaNa karatA hai, jaba saba loga so jAte haiM, usa samaya bhI daNDa jAgatA rahatA hai ataeva paMDita loga daNDa ko ho dharma kA mUla kahate haiM rAjA yadi daNDa kA bhalI bhAMti vicArakara upayoga karatA hai to prajA sukhI hotI hai,avicArapUrvaka upayoga se sabakA vinAza ho jAtA hai| daNDabhaya se hI loganyAya patha meM pravRtta hote haiM, kyoMki sarvathA nirdoSa puruSa saMsAra meM durlabha haiN| saba carAcara jagat apane yogya bhAga kA upabhoga daNDa ke bhaya se hI kara pAtA hai| rAjA kI pIr3hI dara pIr3hI se rAjakarmacArI, zAstravit, zUravIra, yuddhakalA meM nipuNa, satkulIna aura parIkSita sAta yA ATha maMtrI (saciva) rakhanA cAhie / pratyeka maMtrI kA abhiprAya alaga-alaga samajhane ke bAda mantriyoM ke sAtha rAjA sammilita rUpa se salAha kare / pazcAt vivecanA karake apanA hitakArI siddhAnta nirdhArita kare' | buddhimAna, kAryakuzala, nyAya se dhana arjana karane vAle, evaM suparIkSita anya maMtriyoM ko bhI rAjA niyukti kreN| jitane manuSyoM se acchI taraha kAma cala sake utta- Alasya zUnya, kArya ke utsAhI, apane-apane ke bAda aura vidvAna manuSyoM ko (maMtrI) niyukta kare / rAjA sarvazAstravizArada, iMgita, AkAra evaM ceSTA ko pahacAna lene vAle, zuddhasvabhAva aura acche kula meM utpanna manuSyoM ko dUta banAve / sarvajanapriya, kAryadakSa. dezakAla kA jJAtA, vizuddhasvabhAva, sundara zarIra yukta, bhayarahita tathA vAgmI duta prazaMsanIya mAnA jAtA hai / koSa aura nagara vibhAga rAjA apane hAtha meM rkhe|cturvidh sainya saMcAlana kArya senApati ke adhIna aura sandhivigraha kA kArya dUta ke AdhIna rakhanA cAhie / dUta ko zatru rAjA ke kartavya kA usake AdhAra aura bhAvabhaMgI dvArA samajhanA cAhie tathA use kSubdha, subdha tathA apamAnita bhRtyavarga kA abhiprAya bhI jAnanA cAhie / jaise apane durga meM rahane vAle mRgAdi ko vyAghrAdi kA bhaya nahIM rahatA, usI prakAra apane kile meM baiThe hue rAjA kA zatru kucha bhI aniSTa nahIM kara sakatA / pratyeka rAjA ke pAsa kile kA rahanA isalie Avazyaka hai, kyoMki durga ke parakoTe para baiThA huA eka yoddhA bAhara ke sau sainikoM se aura sau yoddhA eka hajAra zatrupakSIya sainikoM se lar3a sakatA hai| vijaya ke lie pravRtta rAjA apane sabhI virodhiyoM ko sAma, dAma, daNDa aura bheda ina cAra upAyoM se vaza meM kare / yadi sAmAdi tIna upAyoM se ve vaza meM na AyeM to daNDa nIti dvArA dhIre-nore unheM vaza meM lAe / sAma, dAma, daNDa, bheda ina cAra upAyoM meM rASTra kI abhivRddhi ke lie vidvAna loga sAma aura dAna ko hI prazaMsA karate haiM / maMtrI ke atirikta aura koI manuSya jisa rAjA kI maMtraNA kA rahasya nahIM jAna pAtA vaha sasAgarA pRthvI kA adhipati hotA hai / honabala hote hue bhI pariNAmasvarUpa vRddhiyukta sthiramitra milane se rAjA kI rAjazakti jisa prakAra bar3hatI hai utanI bahumUlya ratna aura bhUmi sampatti prApta hone para nahIM bar3hatI' isa prakAra manusmRti meM rAjadharma kA vipula vivecana hai| yAjJavalaya smRti ke rAjadharma prakaraNa meM rAjanIti kA vizeSa rUpa se vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yAjJavalaya smRti ke samaya kI prAcInatama sImA bevara ke anusAra dUsarI zatAbdI IsvI aura nicalI sImA chaThI yA sAtavIM zatAbdI ke bAda kA samaya mAnA hai| pro.kAlo ke anusAra yAjJavalaya smRti ke samaya ko IsA pUrva pahalI zatAbdI tathA IsA ke bAda ko tIsarI zatAbdI ke bIca kahIM rakhA jA sakatA hai / yAjJavalya smRti ke anusAra rAjA ko mahAna, utsAhI, atyanta dhana dene vAlA kRtajJa, vRddhoM kI sevA karane vAlA, vinIta, satvasampatra, kulIna satyavAdI, pavitra, Alasya rahita, smRtivAn, sadguNI dUsare kA doSa na kahane vAlA, dhArmika, vyasana na karane vAlA, buddhimAna, vora, rahasya ko

Page #16
6 chipAne meM catura, apane rAjya ke pravezadvAroM ko gupta rakhane vAlA, AnvIkSikI, daNDa noti evaM vArtA vidyA meM pravINa honA caahie| vaha jJAnI, vaMza paramparA se cale Ane vAle, dhairyavAn evaM pavitra puruSoM konA unake kAryoM kA vicAra kare phira brAhmaNa se parAmarza kare aura svayaM karttavya kA nizcaya kare* rAjA ramaNIka, pazuoM kI vRddhi ke yogya jIvana nirvAha meM sahAyatA dene vAle evaM vanaprAya deza meM nivAsa kre| usa sthAna para parijanoM, koza evaM apanI rakSA ke lie durga banavAye / vaha tattat (dharma, artha, kAma Adi) karmoM meM, Aya karma aura vyaya karma meM yogya, kAryakuzala, pavitra evaM karttavyaniSTha adhyakSoM ko niyukta kareM" / rAjA ko maiM tumhArA hI haiM. aisA kahane vAle, napuMsaka, zastrahIna, dUsare ke sAtha yuddha meM saMlagna (yuddha se) nivRtta aura yuddha dekhane ke lie Ae hue vyaktiyoM ko nahIM mAranA caahie| vaha (pura aura apanI ) rakSA karake svayaM Aya aura vyaya kA lekhA dekhe, isake bAda vyavahAra (mukadameM) dekhe taba snAna karake samaya se bhojana kareM, tadanantara (svarNa Adi lAne ke lie) niyukta vyaktiyoM dvArA lAye gaye svarNa ko (dekhakara) bhaNDAra meM rakhe, pazcAt guptacaroM se bAta kare aura phira maMtrI ke sAtha baiThakara dUtoM ko nirdiSTa kArya karane ke lie bheje| (aparAhna meM ) icchAnusAra (antaHpura meM) vihAra kare athavA mantriyoM ke sAtha baitthe| punaH apanI senAoM kA nirIkSaNa karake senApatiyoM ke sAtha vicAravimarza kreN| sAMyakAla ke samaya rAjA nyopAsanA kare guptacaroM ke rahasyamaya vacanoM ko sune / anantaragIta aura nRtya kA Ananda le, bhojana aura svAdhyAya karake / svAdhyAya ke pazcAt soe / savere jAgakara apanI buddhi se zAstroM kA aura kie jAne vAle sabhI kAryoM kA cintana kare, pazcAta guptacaroM ko Adara ke sAtha apane mantriyoM Adi ke nikaTa athavA dUsare rAjAoM ke samIpa bheje / rAjA ko brAhmaNoM ke prati kSamAzIla, anurAga rakhane vAloM ke prati sarala, zatruoM ke prati krodhI tathA sevakoM evaM prajA ke prati pitA ke samAna (dayAlu evaM hitakArI) honA cAhie / nyAyapUrvaka prajA kA pAlana karane para rAjA prajAoM ke puNya kA chaThavA~ bhAga prApta karatA hai, kyoMki bhUmi Adi sabhI prakAra ke dAna se prajApAlana kA phala adhika hotA hai| rAjA luTeroM, coroM, burA AcaraNa karane vAle evaM dussAhasI DAkuoM Adi se pIr3ita prajA kI rakSA kare aura kAyasthoM se pIr3ita vyaktiyoM kI rakSA kare / rAjA dvArA arakSita prajA jo kucha corI Adi pApa karatI hai, usameM se AdhA pApa rANA kA ho jAtA hai, kyoMki yaha rakSA karane ke lie hI prajAoM se kara letA hai| rAjakArya meM adhikAra yukta padoM para niyukta vyaktiyoM kA AcaraNa bhalI bhA~ti guptacaroM dvArA jAnakara rAjA uttama caritra vAloM kA sammAna kare aura viparIta AcaraNa karane vAloM ko daNDa de| jo ghUsa lekara jIvikA calAte haiM, unakA dhana chInakara deza se nikAla denA cAhie" | rAjakArya kA mukhya AdhAra mantra (gupta parAmarza) hai, ataeva mantra ko isa prakAra gupta rakhanA cAhie ki rAjA ke karmoM ke phalIbhUta hone ke pUrva usakI jAnakArI kisI ko na mila sake / sImA se saTe hue rAjya, usake bAda ke rAjya aura usake bhI bAda ke rAjya para zAsana karane vAle rAjA kramazaH zatru, mitra aura udAsIna hote haiM, ina rAjamaNDaloM para kramaza: dhyAna rakhanA cAhie aura inake sAtha sAma Adi upAyoM kA prayoga karanA caahie| sAma, dAma, bheda aura daNDa inakA ucita rUpa se prayoga karane para saphalatA milatI hai aura koI upAya na calane para daNDa kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai| sandhi vigraha, yAna, upekSAmAna, Azraya tathA duvaidhAbhAva guNoM kA rAjA yathocita avalambana kreN| jaba zatru kA rAjya anna Adi se bharA ho, zatru senA durbala ho aura apanI senA ke vAhana tathA sainika prasanna hoM, taba AkramaNa karanA cAhie" / rAjA ko aparAdha, deza, samaya, zakti, Adi kArya aura dhana kA patA lagAkara hI daNDanIya vyaktiyoM ko daNDa denA cAhie" | (5) rAjanIti pradhAna granthoM meM varNita rAjanIti rAjanIti pradhAna granthoM se tAtparya aise granthoM se hai, jinameM pradhAna rUpa se rAjanIti kA khulakara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| aise granthoM kI paramparA

Page #17
meM kauTilIya arthazAstrama, zukranItisAra tathA kAmandakIya nItisAra kA nAma pramukha rUpa se liyA jAtA hai| kauTilIya arthazAstra bhAratIya rAjanIti kA prAcIna svarUpa spATa tathA sarvaprathama kauTilya arthazAstra meM dhyAna kiyA gayA hai / kauTilya ne svayaM apane arthazAstra meM lagabhaga aThAraha unnIsa arthazAstravida AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, jinase vicAra grahaNa kara unhoMne apane adbhuta grantha kA nirmANa kiyA / isase siddha hotA hai ki arthazAstra kA nirmANa bahuta pahale se hone lagA thaa| pro. prANanAtha vidyAlaMkAra ne kauTilya arthazAstra kI prastAvanA meM kahA hai ki vRhad hindU jAti ke rAjanIti vizyaka sAhitya kA nirmANa lagabhaga 650 I. pUrva meM ho cukA thA / itanA hone para bhI vartamAna upalaka sajanIti pradhAna granthoM meM kauTilyakA arthazAstra sarvAdhika prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| arthazAstra ke anta: sAkSya evaM bahiH sAkSya donoM se hI siddha hotA hai ki isake raciyatA maurya samrATa candragupta ke guru evaM pradhAna mantrI kauTilya the aura yaha grantha maryakAla meM racA gayA / candragupta maurya kA zAsanakAla 321 athavA 323 I.pUrva Arambha hotA hai, ata: arthazAstra kA racanAkAla bhI isI tithi ke samIpa mAnanA nyAyasaMgata hai| kauTilya ne AnvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti ye cAra vidyAyeM pAnI hai / unhoMne AnvIkSikI (sAMkhya, yoga aura logaTa yo (RmmeTa gajura aura sAveda) aura vArtA (kRSi, pazupAlana aura vyApAra) vidyAoM kA mUla daNDanIti ko batalAyA hai| zAstravihita ucita roti se prayukta daNDa prajA ke yoga aura kSema kA sAdhaka hotA hai / vidyA ke dvArA vinIta jo rAjA prajA ke zAsana tathA cintA meM tatpara rahatA hai, vaha pRthvI kA cirakAla taka nirbAdha zAsana karatA hai| vidyA aura vinaya kA hetu indriyoM para vijaya prApta karanA hai / ata: kAma, krodha, lobha, mAna, mada, harSa ke tyAga se indriyoM para vijaya prApta karanA cAhie athavA zAstroM meM pratipAdita kartavyoM ke samyaka anuSThAna ko hI indriyajaya kahate haiM / sAre zAstroM kA mUla kAraNa indriyajaya hai| zAstranihita kartavyoM ke viparIta AcaraNa karane vAlA indriyalolupa rAjA sArI pRthvI kA adhipati hotA huA bhI zIghra naSTa ho jAtA hai. isalie (rAjA) kAma, krodhAdi chaha zatruoM kA sarvathA parityAga kara indriyoM para vijaya prApta kare, vidvAna puruSoM kI saMgati meM rahakara buddhi kA vikAsa kare , guptacaroM evaM svarASTra tathA pararASTra ke vRttAnta avagata kare. rAjakIya niyamoM dvArA apane apane dharma para dRr3ha bane rahane ke lie prajA para niyantraNa rakhe, zikSA ke pracAra, prasAra se prajA ko vinamra aura zikSita banAe, prajAjanoM ko dhana-sammAna pradAnakara apanI lokapriyatA ko banAe rakhe tathA dUsaroM kA hita karane meM utsuka rahe / indriyoM ko vaza meM rakhatA huA rAjA parAI matro. parAyA thana aura hiMsAvRtti kA parityAga kara de| vaha kusamaya zayana karanA, caMcalatA, jhUTha bolanA. avinita vRtti banAe rakhanA, isa prakAra ke AcaraNoM aura isa prakAra kA AcaraNa karane vAle logoM ko saMgati ko chor3a de tathA athAMcaraNa aura anarthakArI vyavahAra kA bhI parityAga kara de / dharma aura artha kA jisase virodha na ho aise kAma kA sevana kare. sarvathA sukharahita na ho| dharma, artha aura kAma kA samAna rUpa se sevana kare, kyoMki inameM se eka kA bhI atyadhika rUpa se sevana kiyA gayA to usase apane Apako aura dUsare ko pIr3A hogii| rAjA vidyA, buddhi, sAhasa, guNa, doSa, deza, kAla aura pAtra kA vicAra karake ho amAtyoM kI niyukti kare / svadezotpatra, satkulIna avaguNa zUnya. zilpakAlAoM kA jJAtA, vidvAna, buddhimAna, smaraNa zakti sampanna, catura, vA-paTu, pragalbha (davaMga), pratibAda tathA pratIkAra karane meM samartha, utsAhI, prabhAvazAlI, sahiSNu, pavitra, mitratA ke yogya, dRr3ha, svAmibhakta, suzIla, samartha,

Page #18
svastha, dhairyavAna, nirabhimAnI, sthirapravRti, priyadI aura dveSavRttirahita puruSa pradhAna maMtrI pada ke yogya hai 1jinameM isake eka cauthAI yA AdhI yogyatAyeM hoM unheM madhyama yA nikRSTa maMtrI samajhanA cAhie / maMtrI niyukta karane se pUrva rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha prAmANika, satyavAdI evaM Arya puruSoM ke dvArA unake nivAsa sthAna tathA Arthika sthiti kA, sahapAThiyoM ke mAdhyama se unakI yogyatA tathA zAstrapraveza kA, naye-naye kArya meM niyukta kara unakI buddhi, smRti tathA caturAI kA, vyAkhyAnoM evaM sabhAoM ke mAdhyama se unakI vAkpaTutA, pragalyatA evaM pratibhA kA, ApattiyoM se unake utsAha. prabhAva tathA sahiSNutA kA, vyavahAra se unakI pavitratA , mitratA evaMdRr3hasvAmibhakti kA sahavAsiyoM evaM par3osiyoM ke mAdhyama se unake zIla, bala, svAsthya, gaurava, apramAda tathA sthiravRtti kA patA lagAe aura unake madhurabhASI svabhAva tathA dveSarahita prakRti kI parIkSA svayaM rAjA kareM / rAjA ke mitra aise hone cAhie jo vaMza paramparAgata hoM, sthAyI hoM, apane vaMza meM raha sakeM, jisase virodha kI sambhAvanA na ho tathA jo sapA Ane para sahAyatA kara ske| sAre kArya koSa para nirbhara hai| isalie rAjA ko cAhie ki manase pahile vaha koSa para dhyAna de rASTra kI sampatti ko bar3hAnA, rASTra ke caritra para dhyAna rakhanA, noroM para nigarAnI rakhanA, rAjakIya adhikAriyoM ko rizvata lene se rokanA.sabhI prakAra ke anotpAdana ko protsAhita karanA, jala-sthala meM hone vAlI pratyeka vyApAra yogya vastuoM ko bar3hAnA, agni Adi ke bhaya meM rAjya kI rakSA karanA, ThIka samaya para yathocita kara vasUla karanA aura hiraNya Adi kI bheMTa lenA ye saba koSavRddhi ke upAya hai / janapada kI sthApanA aisI honI cAhie ki jisake bIca meM tathA sImAntoM meM kile bane hI. jisameM yatheSTa anna paidA hotA ho, jisameM vipatti ke samaya vana parvatoM ke dvArA AtmarakSA kI jA sake, jisameM thor3e krama se hI adhika dhAnya pakSahAnake, jisameM zatrurAjA ke viyoM kI saMkhyA adhika ho, jisake pAsa par3osa ke rAjA durbala hoM. jo kIcar3a, kaMkar3a, patthara, Usara bhUmi cAra juAro, choTe choTe zatru, hiMsaka jAnavara evaM ghane jaMgaloM me rahita ho, jo nadI tAlAboM se sajjita ho, jisameM khetI, dhAna,sakar3iyoM tathA hAthiyoM ke jaMgala ho,jo gAyoM ke lie hitakara ho jisakA jalavAyu acchA ho, jo ludhakoM (zikAriyoM) se rahita ho, jisameM gAya, bhaiMsa. nadI, nahara, jala, thala Adi sabhI upayogI vastuyeM hoM, jisameM bahumUlya vastuoM kA vikraya hoM, jo daNDa tathA kara ko sahana kara sake, jahA~ ke kisAna bar3e mehanatI ho, jahA~ ke mAlika samajhadAra hoM, jahA~ nIcavaNaM ko AbAdI adhika ho aura jahA~ premI tathA zuddha svabhAva ke loga asate ho | jana pada sImAoM ko cAroM dizAoM meM rAjA yuddhocita prAkRtika durga kA nirmANa krvaae| durga cAra prakAra ke haiM - (1) odaka (2) pArvata (3) dhAnvana (4) vanadurga cAroM ora pAnI se ghirA huA sapU ke samAna gahare tAlAboM se AvRta sthala pradeza odaka durga kahalAtA hai / bar3Ibar3I caTTAnoM athavA parvata kI kandarAoM ke rUpa meM nirmita durga pArvata durga kahalAtA hai / jala tathA ghAsa Adi se rahita athavA sarvathA Usara bhUmi meM nirmita durga dhAnvana durga hai / cAroM ora daladala se ghirA huA athavA kAMTedAra samAna jhAr3iyoM se parivRta durga vanadurga kahalAtA hai / inameM audaka tathA pArvata durga ApattikAla meM janapada kI rakSA ke upayoga meM lAe jAte haiN| dhAnna vana aura vanadurga vanapAloM kI rakSA ke lie upayogI hote haiM athavA Apatti ke samaya ina durgoM meM bhAgakara rAjA bhI apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai / senA aisI honI cAhie, jisameM vaMzAnugata, sthAyI evaM vaza meM rahane vAle sainika bhI hoM, janake svI putra rAjavRtti ko pAkara pUrI taraha santuSTa ho, yuddha ke samaya jisako Avazyaka sAmagrI

Page #19
se yukta kiyA jA sake, jo kabhI bhI hAra na khAtA ho, duHkha ko sahane vAlA ho. yuddha kauzaloM se paricita hoM, hara taraha ke yuddha meM pravINa hoM. rAjA ke lAbha tathA hAni meM bhAgIdAra ho aura jisameM kSatriyoM kI adhikatA ho / ina guNoM se yukta senA daNDa sampatra kahI gaI hai / upayukta rAjyAMgoM ke atirikta kauTilya ne dutoM evaM guptacaroM kA varNana kiyA hai tathA nyAya vyavasthA para prakAza DAlA hai| zAsana aura dharma ke kSetra meM kAryarata pramukhata vibhAgAdhyakSoM ko sUci ddhA. jAyasavAla ne apane grantha hindu rAjataMtra ( bhAga 2 pR. 251-262) meM isa prakAra dI hai - (1) maMtro (2) purohita (3) senApati (4) yuvarAja (5) dovArika (6) aMtarvazika - rAjA ke gRhakAryoM kA pradhAna adhikArI (1) prazAstA - kArAgArAdhyakSa (8) samAhartA - mAla vibhAga kA adhikArI (9) sannidhAtA - koSAdhyakSa (10) pradeSTA - rAjakIya AjJA kA pracAra karane vAlA adhikArI (11) nAyaka - senikoM kA pradhAna adhikArI (12) pauna nagarazAsaka (13) vyAvahArika - nyAyAdhIza (14) kArmAstika - qhAnoM kA adhyakSa (15) mamya - mavipariSadAdhyakSa (16) daNDapAla - sainAdhikArI (17) aMrtapAla - somAntAdhirA (18) durgapAla - uparyukta vivaraNa ke atirikta kauTilya ne SATya kA bhI sundara vivecana kiyA hai / zukranItisAra prAcIna rAjazAstra ke praNetA zukrAcArya ke nAma para pracalita zukranIti sAra meM rAjanIti sambandhI vividha viSayoM kA vizadvivecana milatA hai| zukra rAjyavidhi kA AdhAra dharmazAstra mAnate haiM aura arthazAstra kA prayoga dharmazAstra se aviruddha rUpa meM hI svIkAra karate haiN| unake anusAra nyAyapAlikA vaha hai jahA~ arthazAstra kA prayoga dharmazAstra ke anusAra hotA hai / rAjazAsana, AcAra. paramparA Adi ko bhI ve rAjyavidhi kA AdhAra mAnate haiM / unake anusAra rAjA nyAya meM zAstradRSTa, jAti, kSetra, zreNI, kuTumba evaM janapada dharma ke sAtha sapandhaya karake nirNaya kre| deza vibhinna vyavahAroM meM vibhakta hai, sabakA samanvaya samAna rUpa se nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / zukra eka ora dharmazAstra aura dUsarI ora janamata AcAra evaM paramparA ko rAjyavidhi kA srota mAnate haiM, kintu ve kisI bhI sthiti meM kSetrIya evaM 'jAtIya AdhAra kI avahelanA nahIM karanA cAhate / isa prakAra isa kAla taka rAjazakti ke vikAsa hone para bhI rAjyavidhi kA AdhAra rAjAz2A nahIM ho pAyI, usakA niyantraNa sAmAjika zaktiyAM karatI rhiiN| zukra ne rAjya prazAsana kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki santarI sar3aka para paharA dete hue coroM se janatA kI rakSA kareM / janatA ko cAhie ki vaha dAsa, bhRtya, strI, ziSya putra ko na poTe aura na gAlI, dhAtu ghI, madhu, dUdha cabI aura ATe meM milAbaTa na kare, tola, sikkA Adi kA galata prayoga na ho,rAjakArya meM rAjA tathA rAjakarmacAriyoM ko dhUsa na de. coroM duzcaritroM, rAjadrohI Adi ko Azraya na de, ityAdi / zukra ke anusAra daNDa vaha hai, jisase asad AcaraNa kI samApti ho, phalata: atidaNDa

Page #20
ke sthAna para alpadaNDa Avazyaka hai | aparAdha ke vAtAvaraNa kA dAyitva kAla evaM prajA para nahIM, rAjA para hai" / aparAdha kI manovRttijaba taka samApta nahIM ho jAtI taba taka aparAdha samApta nahIM ho sakatA, ataeva daNDavidhAna manovRtti aura Adata para vizeSa dhyAna detA hai / damana daNDa kA sAdhana hai, sudhAra sAthya hai / daNDa vahI hai, jisase aparAdha samApta kiyA A sake / damana ke mAdhyama se pazu bhI sudhAre aura nimantrita kie jAte haiM | samjana vyakti bhI duSToM ke samarga se duSTa ho jAte haiM, unheM daNDa kI zikSA ke mAdhyama se sanmArga para lAyA jAnA cAhie" / daNDa kA uddezya caritra, naitikatA tathA mAnavIya guNoM kA vikAsa karanA hai| jo kucha socA jAtA hai, vaha paristhiti vizeSa meM mUrtarUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai| rAjadaNDa ke mAdhyama se vyakti ucita mArga para lAyA jAtA kAmandakIya nItistara AcArya kAmandaka ne 400 I. ke lagabhaga eka padyamaya graMtha nItiyAra likhA.jo ki AcArya zukrakRta nItisAra kA saMskaraNa hone ke sAtha-sAtha kauTilya ke arthazAstra ko bhI AdhAra mAnatA hai / kAmandaka ne kauTilya kA nimnalikhita rUpa se smaraNa kiyA hai "jisane arthazAstrarUpa mahAsamudra se nItizAstra rUpa amRta nikAlA usa asaumANa sampanna viSNugupta (kauTilya) ko namaskAra hai | kAmandaka kauTilya ke arthazAstra kI paramparA ke pAlana ke sAtha smRtiyoM kA bhI samanvaya karate haiM / unake anusAra samAja (varNa) apanI vidhiyoM (dharma) ke pAlana se hI nAza se baca sakatA hai| rAjya kI yahI AvazyakatA hai ki vaha sAmAjika vidhiyoM ke pAlana kI vyavasthA kre| isa prakAra kAmandaka ne sAmAjika vidhi ko jamA hue usake lAgya kI lApatA svIkAra kI vidhi ko dharmazAstroM para AdhArita mAnate hue unakA kahanA hai ki AryoM kA vyavahAra vidhi (dharma) aura unakA niSedha adharma hai| isa prakAra kAmandaka ne Apastamba manu evaM arthazAstra ke samanvaya para sAmAjika vidhi kI sarvoccatA prastuta kI / kAmandaka ke samaya meM deza meM bAla AkramaNa hone lage the, usakA prabhAva sAmAjika naitikatA para bhI par3A / aise samaya pUrva paramparaH prApta naitikatA kI surakSA kI AvazyakatA thI / kAmandaka ne isake lie rAjya ko mAdhyama bnaayaa| sAmAjika naitikatA aura rAjya ke sambanya nirdhAraNa meM kAmandaka kauTilya kA mArgagrahaNa karate haiN| usake anusAra asAmAjika naitikatA ke unmUlana meM rAjya sabhI prakAra kI nItiyoM kA prayoga kara sakatA hai / isa prakAra rAjya evaM samAja ke hita ke pratikUla jAne vAlI zakti kA unmUlana rAjya anaitika mAdhyamoM se bhI kara sakatA hai aura vaha rAjagharma hai / antarrASTrIya sambandhoM meM isa prakAra ke vividha kUTa prayogoM ko sthAna diyA gayA / isa prakAra kAmandaka rAjya ke vyavahAra meM arthazAstra kI paramparA svIkAra karate haiM aura sAmAjika vidhi, naitikatA evaM rAjya ke AdhAra meM smRtiyoM kI / lekina sAmAjika vidhi evaM rAjya ke sambandha meM usa kAla kI sthiti kA prabhAva par3atA hai, jisameM sAmAjika vidhi kI rakSA kA ekamAtra mAdhyama rAjya raha jAtA hai| ____ kAmandaka ke anusAra svAmI, maMtrI, rAjya, durga, koSa, senA, mitravarga ina sabakA nAma rAjya hai / balapUrvaka satvaguNa kA avalambana kara buddhi se nirgama ke upAya ko dekhatA huA rAjA nirantara jAgatA huA sA ina sAtoM aMgoM ke lAbha kA yatna kare | kulInatA, vRddha janoM kI sevA, utsAha, sthUlalakSitA, citta kA jJAna, buddhimattA, pragalmatA, satyavAditA ityAdi rAjA ke guNa aneka guNa

Page #21
hai| ina saba guNoM se hIna hone para bhI jo pratApI hai vahIM rAjA hai / pratApavAna rAjA hI zatruoM ko naSTa kara sakatA hai, jaise siMha mRgoM ko / jo rAjA vyasanagrasta na ho, yahIM rAjya ke vyasana dUra kara sakatA hai anyathA vaha vRhat rAjya ke vyasana dUra karane meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA | jimma rAjA ke zAstrarUpI netra nahIM hai, vaha rAjA andhA kahA jAtA hai jisane mada se sanmArga ko bigAr3a diyA hai aisA netroM vAlA andhA, andhA nahIM hai / sAma, dAma, daNDa, bheda, mAyA, upekSA aura indrajAla ye sAta jaya ke upAya hai / nIti ke jAnane vAle ko ye sampUrNa upAya zatru kI senA va apane drohiyoM meM prayoga karanA caahie| yadi ina upAyoM kA prayoga kie binA prayANa kiyA jAya to vaha ceSTA andhe ke samAna hotI hai / jaisI inA ho yA rUpa dhAraNa karanA amna zAba kAlA jala varSAnA. aMdhakAra meM lIna ho jAnA yaha saba mAnuSI mAvA hai / anyAya, vyasana tathA yuddha meM pravRtta hue kA nivAraNa na karanA upekSA hai| maigha, andhakAra, varSA, agni, parvata tathA adbhutadarzana tathA dUra sthita bhvajAyuktasenA kA darzana honA. chinna bhinna aura saMskRta vastu kA dikhAnA yaha indrajAla vidyA zatruoM ko bhaya dikhAne ke lie kalpita kI jAtI hai| isa prakAra ke rAjanItiparaka vividha kathanoM meM kApandakIya nItisAra otaprota hai| phuTanoTa) 1. DaoN. vimalacandra pANDeya : prAcIna bhArata kA || 19. DaoN. rAdhAkumuda mukarjI : hindU sabhyatA pR. 1140 rAjanItika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa pR.64 20. DaoN. vimalacanda pANDeya : prAcIna bhArata kA 2. Rgveda dazam maNDala sRkta 179 RcA 2 | rAjanaitika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa pR. 206 3. Rgveda prathama maNDala sUkta 44 RcA 10 | 21. mahAbhArata zAntiparva 59:16-21.68/1-16 4. Rgveda caturtha maNDala sUkta 4 RcA 3 22. vahIM 5613-6,57/31 5. Rgveda maNDala 1 sUkta 26 RcA 3 23. vahI AraNyaka 186/90 6. Rgveda dvitIya maNDala sUkta 26 RcA 3 24. vahI zAntiparva 139/9 7. Rgveda dazam maNDala sUkta 27 RcA 5 25. vahIM Adiparva 5715-6 zAnti 63/26 8. Rgveda maNDala 10 sUkta 17 RcA 26. hindU sabhyatA pR. 141-142 9. Rgveda maNDala 1 sUkta 7 RcA 5 27. DaoN. kAmezvara prasAda mitra : mahAbhArata meM 10.paMDita vizvezvalAtha reDa : Rgveda para eka lokalyANa ko rAjakIya yojanAyeM pR. 67 aitihAsika e. 212, 213 28. vahIM pR. 209 11.DaoN. rAdhAkumuda mukajI : hiMndR sadhyatA pR.82 29. hindU sabhyatA pR. 142 12. vahI pR.83 30. rAmAyaNa 2/14/40 13. baladeva upAdhyAya : vaidika sAhitya aura 31,DaoN, vimalacandra pANDeya : prAcIna bhArata kA saMskRti pR. 140-741 rAjanaitika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa . 14. atharvaveda 7:12/1 209-210 15. vahIM 7/1212 32. kANe : dharmazAstra kA itihAsa (prathama 16. vahI 5/19:15 bhAga) pR. 46-47 17, vahIM 6/88/3 33. manusmRti 7/3 18. DaoN. rAdhAmukuTa mukI hindU sabhyatA pR. 102 || 34. manusmRti 714-11

Page #22
12 35. vahI 7/38 166, vahI 6/96/1 36. vahI 7143-47 67. vaho 2/43/8 37. vahIM 7/14 68. kauTilIya arthazAstram 6/96/1 38. vahI 7:17-19 69. vahIM 2/19/3 39 vahIM 7122 70. kauTilIya arthazAstram 6:96/1 40. manusmRti 7/53 71. zukranItisAra 4/52,41785 41. bahI 7/56 72. vahI 4/565 42. vahI 7160-61 73. vahIM 332. 43. vahI 7163.67 74. vahIM 41568-70 44. vahI 7773-74 75. hariharanAtha tripATho : prAcIna bhArata meM rAjya 45. yahI 7/107-109 __aura nyAyapAlikA pR. 88-89 46. manusmRti 7/14 76. zukranItisAra 1/293-371 47. vahI 7:208 77. vahIM 4140 48, yajJavalakya smRti (hindI vyAkhyA - || 78. vaho 4/49 Tamezacandra pANDeya) prastAvanA (le. | 79. yugAnAMna prajAnAM dauya: kintu nRpasya hi / zrInArAyaNa mizra) pR. 30-31 __ vahI 4/56 49. yAjJavalamyasmRti 1/309-312 80. zukranItisAra 2. 130, 131, 136 50, vahIM 1/321-322 (vinayakumAra sarakAra kA aMgrejI anuvAda) 51. yAjJavalakyasmRti 1/326-339 81. zukra 4/1/110 52 sAjavannAma ti 1/385-30 mukranItisAra pR. 130, 131, 136 53. vahIM 1/368 (vinayakumAra sarakAra kA aMgrejI anuvAda) 54. kauTilIya arthazAstram - anu. vAcaspati 13. kApandakIyanItisAra: 1/6 gairaulA (bhUmikA) pR.66 84. hariharanAtha tripAThI : prAcIna bhArata meM rAjya 55. vahIM pR. 65 aura nyAyApalikA pR. 81-82 56. kauTilIya arthazAstram 15/1 85. kAmandakIya nItisAra 1/16 57. kAmandakIya nItisAra 1/6 &. vahIM 117 58, ema. ela. zarmA : nItivAkyAmRta meM 87. vahI 8/7-11 rAjanIti pR.7 88. brahI 8/12 59. kauTilIya arthazAstram 1/1/1 89. vahIM 4/2 60. vahIM 1/2/4 90. vahIM 14/3 61. kauTilIya arthazAstram 1/2/4 91. vahI 1713 62. vahIM 1/375 92. vaho 1763 63. vahI 1/3/6 93. vahIM 17:53 64. kauTilIya arthazAstram 17 94. vahI 17/55 65. vahI 1/4/8 95. vahI 17/59 000

Page #23
dvitIya adhyAya sAtavIM se dazavIM zatAbdI taka ke pramukha jaina rAjanaitika vicAraka aura unakA yogadAna raviSeNa AcArya raviSeNa aThAraha hajAra anuSTupa zloka pramANa padmacarita nAmaka saMskRta jaina kathA sAhitya ke Adya graMtha ke praNotA haiM / vikrama saMvat 734 (667 I.) meM padma-carita kI racanA pUrNa kI, aisA grantha ke anta meM inhoMne svayaM likhA hai / padamacarita kA pramukha pratipAdaya rAmakathA hai, kintu prasaGgAnusAra rAjanItika vicAra bhI prApta hote haiM / udAharaNa ke lie prajApAlana ke hI prasA ko leM / prajApAlana karate samaya rAjA sadAcAra kI ora vizeSa dhyAna detA thA kyoMki rAjA jaisA kArya karatA hai, prajA bhI usI kA anusaraNa karatI hai / jisa samaya prajA ke pratinidhiyoM dvArA rAma ko jJAta huA ki cAroM ora yaha carcA hai ki rAjA dazaratha ke putra sama rAvaNa dvArA haraNa kI gaI sItA ko vApisa le Ae haiM / usa samaya unheM mahAn dukha huA aura kadAcita prajA bure mArga para na calane lage yaha socakara unhoMne sItA kA parityAga kara diyA / kula ko pratiSThA para sajA loga adhika dhyAna dete the| sItA kA parityAga karate samaya rAma lakSyANa se kahate haiM ki he bhAI candramA ke samAna nirmala kula mujhe pAkara akIrtirUpI megha kI rekhA se AvRta na ho jAya, isIlie maiM yatna kara rahA hU~ / merA yaha mahAyogya, prakAzamAna, atyanta nirmala evaM uJjavala kulla jaba taka kalaGkita nahIM hotA hai, taba taka zIghra ho isakA upAya kro| janatA ke sukha ke liye jo apane Apako arpita kara sakatA hai, aisA maiM nirdoSa evaM zIla se suzobhita sautA ko chor3a sakatA hU~, parantu kIrti ko naSTa nahIM hone dUMgA / pitA ke samAna nyAyavatsala ho-prajA kI acchI taraha rakSA karanA', vicArapUrvaka kArya karanA, duSTa manuSya ko kucha dekara vaza meM karanA, AtmIya janoM ko prema dikhalAkara anukUla rakhanA, zatru ko uttamazIla arthAt nidoSa AcaraNa se vaza meM karA. mitra ko sadbhAvapUrvaka kI gaI sevAoM se anukUla rakhanA' kSamA se krodha ko, mRdutA se mAna ko.Arjava se mAyA ko aura dhairya se loma ko vaza karanA rAjA kA dharma mAnA jAtA thaa| padmacarita meM aneka yuddhoM kA varNana hai / ina yuddhoM ke mUla kAraNa pramukhata: cAra the - 1. zreSThatA kA prdrshn| 2. kanyA / 3. sAmrAjya vistAra / 4. svAbhimAna kI rakSA / prAcIna kAla meM vIrabhogyA vasundharA' kA siddhAnta pracalita thA / jo zAsana kI avahelanA karate the yA AjJA nahIM mAnate the aise rAjAoM ke virUddha dUsare rAjA jo apane Apa ko zreSTha mAnate the, yuddha cher3a diyA karate the| rAjA, mAlI, vezyA, vAhana, vimAna, kanyA, vastra aura AbhUSaNa Adi jo-jo zreSTha vastu (dUsaroM ke yahA~) guptacaroM se mAlUma karatA thA, use zIghra hI balAt apane yahA~ bulanA lelA thA / vaha bala, vidyA vibhUti Adi meM apane Apako hI zreSTha mAnatA thA / indra kA Azraya pAkara jaba vidyAdhara rAmA mAlI kI AjJA mana karane lage taba vaha pAI tathA kiSkinya ke putroM ke sAtha yuddha karane ke liye vijayAdagiri kI ora claa|

Page #24
prAcIna kAla meM aneka yuddhoM kA kAraNa strI rahI hai / padmacarita meM varNita rAma rAvaNa kA yuddha isakA bar3A udAharaNa hai / isake atirikta anya bhI aneka udAharaNa yahA~ milate haiN| rAjA zakradhanu kI kanyA jayacandrA kA vivAha jaba haripreNA ke sAtha huA taba isa kanyA ne hama logoM ko chor3akara bhUmiMgocarI puruSa prahaNa kiyA hai, aisA vicArakara kanyA ke mAmA ke lar3ake gaMgAdhara aura mahIdhara bahuta hI kuddha huye" | bAda meM yuddha huA, jisameM hariSeNa vijayI huA / isI prakAra kaikeyI ne jaba dazaratha ke gale meM baramAlA DAlI tantra anya rAjAoM ke sAtha dazaratha kA yuddha huaa| mAmrAjya vistAra kI abhilASA ke kAraNa rAjA loga aneka yuddha lar3A karate the| lakSmaNa ne samasta pRthvI ko vaza meM kara nArAyaNa pada prApta kiyA thA" / sAgara cakravartI chan khaMDa kA adhipati thA tathA samasta rAjA usakI AjJA mAnate the / isa prakAra sAmrAjya vistAra kI pravRtti adhikAMza . balazAlI rAjAoM meM dikhAI detI hai / isake kAraNa anivArya rUpa se yuddha huA karate the / ___ kabhI-kabhI svAbhimAna kI rakSA ke liye bhI yuddha hote the / cakraratna ke ahaMkAra meM cura jaba bharata ne bAhubali para AkramaNa kiyA taba maiM aura bharata eka ho pitA ke putra haiM, ispa mvAbhimAna ke kAraNa usane bharata ke sAtha yuddha kiyA aura dRSTiyuddha, pallayuddha tathA jalayuddha meM parAsta kara anta meM virakti ke kAraNa dIkSA le lii| jaTAsiMha nandi jaTAsiMha nandi ne apanI suprasiddha kRti varAMgacarita meM apanA koI paricayAdi nahIM diyA hai. kevala itaravartI lekhakoM ke ullekhoM ke AdhAra para vidvAnoM ne unake kAla ko jAnane kI ceSTA kI hai / jaTAsiMha nandi ke samaya kI pUrvaptImA batalAnA vidvAnoM ke liye sahaja nahIM hai / uttaravartI sImA sAtavIM zatAbdI taka nirdhArita hotI hai, kyoMki AdipurANakAra AcArya jinasena ne sikhasena, samantabhadra, yazobhadra, prabhAcandra aura zivakoTi ke bAda jaTAcArya kA ullekha kiyA hai | jaTAsiMhanandi anya viSayoM ke sAtha rAjanIti ke bhI acche vidvAna the, unake kAthya meM bhI rAjanIti sambandhI jAnakArI yatra tatra milatI hai / udAharaNArtha rAja zAsana ke viSaya meM ve kahate haiM - rAjA kA zAsana itanA pracaNDa ho ki loga usake janapada yA rAjadhAnI meM cAroM kaNoM yA AzramA kI garbhAdAoM ko lA~ghane kA sAhasa na kareM / saba dharmoM ke anuyAyI apane-apane zAstroM ke anusAra AcaraNa kreN| bAlaka, vRddha, ajJa tathA vidvAna sabhI apane kartavyoM kA pAlana kreN| yadi koI puruSa mana meM bhI burA karane kA vicAra lAye yA viruddha kArya kare to vaha usake rAjya meM eka kSaNa. bhI Thaharane kA sAhama na kare / baha itanA bhayabhIta ho jAye ki apane ko idhara-udhara chipAtA kire tAki bhUkha, pyAma kI vedanA se usakA peTa, gAla aura A~kheM dhasa jaoNya tathA durbalatA aura thakAna se usakA pRSTadaNDa jhuka jAya / rAjA kA zAsana itanA adhika prabhAvamaya ho ki zatru usakI AjJA kA ullaMghana na kareM / usake saba kArya apane parAkrama ke bala para saphala ho jaaye| mamasta vasundharA kI rakSA karatA huA vaha indra ke samAna mAlUma de" / jaba koI zAnu usake sAmane mira uThAye to vaha apanI utsAha zakti, parAkrama, dhairya tathA pauruSa se yukta ho jAye. kintu yahI rAjA jaba sacce gurUoM, mAtRtva ke kAraNa AdaraNIya striyoM tathA saJcanapuruSoM ke sAmane pahuMce to usakA AcaraNa salla, saralatA.zAnti, dayA tathA AtmanigrahAdi bhAvoM se yukta ho jAya / sajA vidhipUrvaka

Page #25
prajA kA pAlana kare / jo loga kimI prakAra ke kukarma kareM, unako vaha daNDa de| nirUpAya vyaktiyoM jJAna athavA kisI bhI prakAra kI zikSA na prApta karane ke kAraNa AjIvikopArjana meM asamartha dariMdra tathA azaraNa vyaktiyoM kA baha rAjya kI ora se pAlana kare, jo zIla kI maryAdA ko nor3eM ve rAjA ke hAtha bar3A bhArI daNDa pAyeM / jinasela prathama jaina paramparA meM jinasena nAma ke aneka AcArya huye haiM / jinamena prathama se tAtparya harivaMzapurANa ke racayitA punnAra saMgha ke jainAcArya se hai| ye mahApurANAdi ke katA jinamena se bhinna the| inake guru kA nAma kIrtipaNa aura dAdaguru kA nAma jinasena thA / mahApurANAdi ke ka.nAM jinamena ke guru vIrasena aura dAdAguru AryanandI the| punnATa kanATaka kA prAcIna nAma hai| isalie isa deza ke munisaMgha kA nAma punnATa saMva thA / jinasena ke janma sthAna, mAtA-pitA tathA prArambhika jIvana kA kucha bhI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hai| jinasena ne apane harivaMzapurANa kA bahubhAga vardhamAnapura ke pArzvanAtha mandira meM baiThakara racA thA aura zeSa bhAga usa zAntinAtha mandira ke zAMtipUrNa mandira meM racA jahAM dostaTikA ke logoM ne eka vRhatpUjA kA Ayojana kiyA thaa| usa samaya itara dizA meM indrAyudha, dakSiNa meM vRSaNa ke patra zrIvallabha tathA pUrva aura pazcima meM antinareza vatsarAja tathA sauramaNDala (sArASTra) meM vIra jayavarAha rAjya karate cha / the ullekha bar3e mahatvapUrNa haiM aMra sabhI itihAsa lekhakoM ne inakA upayoga kiyA hai / kintu kucha bAtoM meM ulajhana huI hai| eka mata yaha hai ki yahAM pUrva meM avantirAja vatsarAja kA aura pazcima meM saurASTra ke nareza vIra jayavarAha kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kintu dusare matAnusAra yahA~ pUrva meM antirAja aura pazcima meM vatsarAja tathA vIra jayavarAha kA ullekha samajhanA cAhiye / isa bAta meM matabheda hai ki ina rAjyasImAoM kA madhyabindu kahA jAne vAlA vadhamAnapura kauna sA hai / DaoN. upAdhye ke mata se yaha vardhamAnapura kAThiyAvAD kA vartamAna bar3havAna haiM aura vahIM isI punnATa saMgha ke hariveza ne bRhatkathAkoSa kI racanA kI thI / kintu DaoN.hIrAlAla jaina ke anusAra vadhamAnapura madhyabhArata ke dhAra jile kA badanAvara honA cAhie, kyoMki usakA prAcIna nAma vardhamAnapura pAyA jAtA hai, vahA~ prAcIna jaina mandiroM ke bhagnAvazeSa aba bhI vidyamAna haiM, vahA~ se duriyA ( prAcIna dostaTikA) grAma samApa hai tathA vahAM ye ukta rAjya vibhAjana kI sImAve ThIka ThIka itihAsasaMgata siddha hotI haiN| harivaMza purANa se rAjanItiviSayaka aneka sUcanAyeM prApta hotI haiM / vahA~ purohita sAmanta mahApAmanta, pratIhArI', dvArapAla (dvavAsthaH!", yuvarAja tathA mahAmantrI ke nAma para haiM : purohita ke viSaya meM jJAta hotA hai ki vaha rAjA ko salAha dene meM mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAtA : jaba sudarzanacakra ne ayodhyA meM praveza nahIM kiyA to bharata ne sandehayukta ho buddhimAmara purohita meM pRchA ki samasta bharatakSetra ko vaza meM kara lene para bhI yaha divyacakra ratna ayodhyA meM praveza syoM nahIM kara rahA hai ? aba to hamAre yuddha ke yogya koI nahIM hai / isa para purohita ne kahA Apake jo mahAbalavAn bhAI hai ve ApakI AjJA nahIM sunate haiM" | rAjA apane rAjyakAla meM hI apane kiMga patra ko yuvarAja banAkara usakA paTTabandha karatA thA athavA rAjyakAba mekArata hone para eka ko rAjA aura dUsare ko yuvarAja banAtA thA / mahatvapUrNa yuktiyA~ bhI harivaMza purANa meM prApta hotI haiM, jinameM se anekoM kA rAjanIti ko dRSTi se vizeSa mahattva hai / yathara

Page #26
16 1. bheje huye vyakti ke kRtArtha ho cukane para usakA kAlApa karanA niSkala hai| 2. santapta vastu kA mela santapta se karAyA jAtA hai| 3. sUrya ke patana kA jaba kAla AtA hai to andhakAra kI prabalatA ho jAtI hai| 4. pApa meM anurAga rakhane vAle kisa puruSa para sajjanoM kA vidveSa nahIM hotaa| 5. dIrghasUtrI manuSya naSTa hotA hai| 6. saMsAra meM kauna kise sukha detA hai athavA kauna kise duHkha detA hai ? kauna kisakA mitra hai aura kauna kisakA zatru hai ? apanA kiyA huA kArya hI sukha athavA dukha detA hai| dhanaMjaya dhanaMjaya tathA usake kAvya kI vidvAnoM ne paryApta prazaMsA kI hai| inhoMne apane ko akalaMka tathA pUjyapAda ke samakakSa batalAne ke atirikta apane viSaya meM koI paricayAtmaka jAnakArI nahIM dI hai| dvisanthAna mahAkAvya kI TokA meM nemicandra ne dvisandhAnasarga B, zlo. 146 jisameM atyadhika zleSa hai, ke AdhAra para paricayAtmaka vivaraNa nikAlA hai| tadanusAra vAsudeva tathA zrI devI ke putra the| unake guru kA nAma dazaratha thA / dhanaJjaya ke lekhaka se bhinna hai / yanaMjaya akalaMka (7intrIM zatI IsavI) tathA vIrasena, jinhoMne 816 IstrI meM apanI pavalA TIkA pUrNa kI thI, ke madhya hue / isa prakAra dhanaMjaya kA samaya 800 IsvI anumAnita kiyA jA sakatA hai| vaha kisI bhI prakAra bhoja ( 11vIM zatI kA madhya) jinhoMne spaSTa rUpa se unakA tathA unake dvisandhAna mahAkAvya kA ullekha kiyA hai, se bAda ke nahIM ho sakate / dvisandhAna mahAkAvya yA rAghava pANDavIya ke atirikta dhanaMjaya kI anya do kRtiyAM prApta hotI haiM - (1) viSApahAra stotra (2) nAmamAlA | dhanaMjaya rAjanIti ke gahana adhyetA the, unake vicAra isa bAta kI pUrNa sAkSI dete haiM / udAharaNata: dhanaMjaya kA kahanA hai ki prajA kA bhalI bhAMti pAlana karane hetu rAjA ko samasta prANiyoM kI surakSA kI vyavasthA karake Adarza maryAdAoM kA pAlana karanA cAhie tathA viziSTa Atmagaurava kI bhAvanA ke sAdha abhaya kA eka mAtra nArA dete hue khaDga dhAraNa vrata kA pAlana karanA caahie| logoM meM isa prakAra apavAda nahIM honA cAhie ki bhAgya se saba kucha milatA hai.rAjA kucha nahIM detA hai / janatA rAjA ke viSaya meM yahI kahe ki yaha rAjA sajjanoM kA vidhAtA hai aura durjanoM kA kAla hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI socanA cAhie ki virUddha kArya daNDAdi dvArA vaira bar3hatA hai, ataeva use priya karmoM ke dvArA zAnta kara denA caahie| dhAnya sUrya ke Atapa meM khUba bar3hatA hai, kintu vRkSa kI chAyA ke dvArA daba jAne para usameM aMkura nahIM phUTate haiM" | rAjAoM ko samasta pRthvI prema ke dvArA vaza meM karanA cAhiye / yahAM na to koI apanA hai aura na parAyA hai / guNoM ke dvArA hI rAjAoM ke apane aura parAe banate haiM" / rAjya kA bhalI bhAMti pAlana karane ke lie yatna karanA par3atA hai| yadi rAjA ke kAryAdi ke binA hI rAjA kA prabhAva, mahAtmya Adi rAjya karane vAloM ke samAna ho jAya aura kIrti ko prApta kara le to aneka cintAoM se bAdhA yukta isa rAja lakSmI se kyA prayojana hai ? rAjA ke pradhAna lokapriya adhikArI jisa rAjya kI janatA kI bhalI bhAMti rakSA karate haiM, usa rAjya ke sAmanta rAjA bhI apane-apane nagaroM aura grAmoM se hone vAlI Aya ko janatA kA dhana mAnate haiM aura unake vikAsa meM hI vyaya karate haiN| rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha ucita aura

Page #27
nizcita samaya para rAjakArya ko dekhe, yAcakoM kI bAta sune, adhikAriyoM se prativedana le, nAgarikoM se mile sathA nartakI kA nRtya Adi bhI dekheM / usake rAjya meM prajA ko kSaya, lobha tathA aproti ke kAraNoM kA sAmanA na karanA par3e tathA koI parastrI para dRSTi na ddaale|ydi damana ko AvazyakatA ho to kevala zatruoM kA damana kre| . zatruoM para vijaya prApti ke lie sabase pahile apane ko saMyamita karanA cAhie tatpazcAn apanI dinAko vyavasthita kara mani ati janA mAvimAsAna karanA cAhie / ucita sthAna para kie gae prayatna saphalatA ke kAraNa hote haiM, isake viparIta agthAna para kie gae prayatna vinAza kA hI kAraNa hote haiN| kevala puruSArtha ke AdhAra para hI vijaya kI kAmanA nahIM karanA cAhie, kintu purUSArtha hone para bhI deza, samaya, zatrubala tathA Atmabala kA viveka aura AkramaNa ke pahile samasta bAtoM ko parokSA bhI vicAraNIya hai / kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki zarIra bala kA kucha bhI mahattva na ho / deza, kAla tathA cAturI meM pUrNa zrRgAla kyA kara sakatA hai? yadi usake zarIra meM zakti hI na ho / isake atirikta viveka kI bhI AvazyakatA hai / deza, kAla aura bala kI anukUlatA se puSTa siMha viveka vimukha hokara apane zarIra ko kSatavikSata kara DAlatA hai| jo apane athavA zatru ke hitAhita biveka, Atmabala, senA, prajA, adhikArI tathA sAdhana sAmagrI kA saba dRSTiyoM se vicAra nahIM karatA hai / vaha Akramya ke Upara AkramaNa karate hI vinaSTa ho jAtA hai / unakA janma prazaMsanIya hai jo kAyaMkRta athavA janmajAta svayaM Ae hue mitroM ko svIkAra karatA hai tathA vyavahAra ke kAraNa bane athavA kula kramAgata zatru kA dUra se ho pratIkAra karatA hai| / vijigISu kI sahAyatA karane meM samartha tathA asamartha pakSoM kA vicArakA aura unheM AzvAsana tathA sahAyatA dekara athavA lekara, anugAmI banAkara saba prakAra se sannaddha ho senA lekara zatra para AkramAga karanA cAhiye / isake pUrva zatru ko svAmI Adi pravRtiyA~, puNya-pApa, nIti nipuNatA athavA anItimattA aura kArya zakti kA bhI vicAra kara lenA cAhie / asthira nItivAlA, pApaniSTha, avasara kA lAbha uThAne meM asamartha, zithila zatrumAgaM ke samAna pramANika purUSoM ke cale jAne para tathA vApisa na Ane ke kAraNa jisa kisI ke dvArA tiraskaraNIya ho jAtA hai / nIce kI ora dekhane vAle zatru para kaba yakAyaka AkramaNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai ? arthAt sadaiva kiyA jA sakatA hai / jisa prakAra vividha vIthiyoM yukta dhUlimaya (sUkhA) aura dUra-dUra taka calA gayA tathA vizvasta logoM se AyA gayA mArga jisa kisI ke jAne yogya ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra uparyukta lakSaNoM se yukta zatru para bhI AsAnI se AkramaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| zatru dvArA vaza meM karaNI mantrI Adi yadi phUTate hai to zatru bhedanIti dvArA nahIM jItA jA sakatA hai aura yadi arAtimAhya mantrI Adi meM phUTa par3a gayI to zatru ko parAjita ho samajhiye, phira bheda ke lie prayatna se kyA lAbha ? kyoMki gAya phaTe khuroM se hI calatI hai para kyA abhinna kharoM se ghor3A nahIM daur3atA hai ? kitanI apanI zakti hai aura kitanI dUsaroM se milegI, isakA vicAra karanA cAhie tathA anukUla deza aura samaya kI upekSA karake nahIM rahanA cAhie, kyoMki zayyA se uThakara hI daur3ate huoM ko saphalatA milatI hai / svayaM balazAlI tathA zatru kA (AnvIkSikI Adi) vidyAoM ko dRSTi se tathA sampatti Adi sAdhanoM kI apekSA tathA parAkrama ke AdhAra se vicAra kiyA jAnA cAhie kyoMki ghisane aura ghise jAne vAlI lakar3iyoM ke bIca se utpanna svAbhAvika Aga ke samAnasaMgrAma

Page #28
18 bhI dono pakSoM ko mahAn kaSTadetA hai apanI athavA zatru kI (18) prakRtiyoM kI anyonya mAdhanA. utkRSTa sthiti ko upekSA karake, yadi kisI prakRti se prerita hokara rAjA zatru ke prati abhiyAna karatA hai to nIti zAstra ke AcArya usa para ISyA hI karate haiM 1 rAjA ko apanI AkramAga yojanA tathA taiyArI gupta rakhanA cAhie61 / kauTilya arthazAstra meM kahA hai ki jo rAjA apane gupta vicAroM yA gupta mantraNAghoM ko chipAkara nahIM rakha sakatA hai, vaha unnatAvasthA meM pahu~cakara bhI nIce gira jAtA hai / samudra meM nIMva ke phaTa jAne para jo dazA savAra kI hotI hai, ThIka baho dazA mantra ke phUTa jAne para rAjA kI hotI hai |srvthaa sannaddha vijaya kA icchuka apane tathA zatru ke mitroM ko. mitroM ke mitroM ko, senA ke pIche vyUhabhRta pANigraha aura AkrandakoM (Akrandaka = koI rAjA jo apane mitra rAjA ko anya rAjA kI sahAyatA karane se roke) ko evaM donoM pAzvoM ke bIca malatI senA (AsAroM) ko lar3Ate hue (samAdi) upAyoM ke dvArA, (prabhu, mantra aura utsAha) zakti ke dvArA aura vidyA Adi kI siddhi ke dvArA nizcita hI zatru kA nAza karate haiM / sadyapi dUta avadhya hotA hai, tathApi usake kathana ko mana meM rakhakara usake svAmI ke vinAza kA pUrNacitta se vicAra karanA ho cAhie kyoMki jahA~ kAka aura ullU khelate ho tathA maba jagaha zava aura pova vyApta ho,Thasa bana meM kauna vyakti niDara hokara jAyagA / arthAt bhaya ke sthAna zmasAna mArga meM jisa prakAra sAvadhAnI se jAle haiM, usI prakAra zatru ke viSaya meM bhI mAvadhAna rahanA caahie| apane puruyArtha para bharosA rakhanA cAhie kyoMki vijanma apane puruSArtha ke ho adhIna hai / zatru damana kautiM kA kAraNa hotA hai / zatru se hone vAlI muThabher3a ko AtmIya janoM se hone vAlI sneha bheMTa se bhI baDhakara mAnanA cAhie. kyoMki yadyapi mahApuruSoM kI mitramaNDalI vizAla hotI hai, kintu unakI anupama kIti kA prasAra to za ka damana ke kAraNa hA hotA hai| rAjA ko apane rAjya ko iMti bhIti Adi vipattiyoM se bacAnA cAhie, kyoMki isa prakAra kI vipattiyoM ke Ane para koI rAjya samApta ho jAtA hai | rAjyoM ke sAtha duSToM ke samAna vyavahAra na kareM, apane sAmrAjya meM dUsaroM ke sAmrAjya ko milA de kintu dUsarA daN na de. aisA karane para rathAdi ke svAmI zatru vijayI rAjA ko upahAra Adi pradAna karate haiM / vAdIbhasiMha vAdIbhasiMha bahuta hI pratibhAzAlI AcArya the | Apake vAgmitva, kavitva aura gamakatva kI prazaMsA jina sainAcArya jaise mahAkavi ne kI hai / bAdIbhasiMha nAma jo upAdhi jAna par3atA hai, me unakI tArkikatA sUcita hotI hai / upacUDAmaNi, gacintAmaNi aura syAdvAdasiddhi ye tAna racanAyeM samprativAdIbhasiMha kI upalabdha haiM / inameM se prathama do kAma grantha tathA antima syadvAdasiddhi nyAya grantha hai / pramANanaukA aura navapadArthavinizcaya ye do nyAya prantha bhI vAdIsiMha dvArA racita mAne jAte haiM, samprati ye anupalabdha * 1 syAvAdasiddhi meM jIvasiddhi, phalabhokRtvasiddhi, yugapadanekAnta siddhi, jagaddhi , bhoksRtvA bhAvasiddhi, sarvajJAbhAdamiddhi, jagatkartRtvAbhAvasiddhi, arhatsarvajJasiddhi, ardhApatti, prAmANyasiddhi, veda pauruSeyatvamiddhi, parata: prAzayasiddhi, abhAva pramANadUSaNasiddhi, tarkaprAmANyasiddhi aura guNaguNI abhedasiddhi ina 14 adhikAroM dvArA pratipAdya vibhayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai|

Page #29
m -.. - - - chatracUr3AmaNi meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna rAjA satyandhara kI vijayArAnI ke putra jIvandharakumAra kA vRttavarNana hai| inakA jIvanavRta aneka ghaTanAoM se bharA huA hai aura dharma, artha, kAma tathA mokSa cAroM puruSArthoM kA phala pradarzita karane meM advitIya hai| grantha kI racanA gyAraha lambhoM meM anuSTup chanda meM kI gaI hai / gadyacintAmaNi kA kathAnaka chatracUDAmaNi ke samAna hai ! isako racanA saMskRta gadya meM kI gaI hai / zrI kuppusvAmI ne gadyacintAmaNi ke viziSTa guNoM ko carcA karate hue kahA hai - vAdIbhasiMha ke kAvyapazca meM padoM kI sundaratA, zravaNIya zabdoM ko racanA, apratihata vANI, sarala kathAsAra, citta ko Azcarya meM DAlane vAlI kalpanAyeM. hRdaya meM prasannatA utpanna karane vAlA dharmopadeza, dharma se avirUddha nItiyoM aura duSkarma ke phala kI prApti Adi viziSTa guNa suzobhita yAdImasiMha kA samaya vidvAnoM ne AThavIM zatI kA anta aura navIM zatAbdI IsavI kA pUrvAdhaM siddha kiyA hai / tatkAlIna rAjanaitika jIvana kI jhAMkI vAdIbhasiMha ke kAvyoM meM paryApta milatI hai / udAharaNataH gadyacintAmaNi ke dvitIya lambha meM padAti, azva, hAthI aura ratha cAra prakAra kI senA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / AkramaNa kA mukAvaramA karane ke lie athavA AkramaNa karane ke lie senA kA upayoga kiyA jAtA thA |sbse pahale rAjA senApatiyoM ko AjJA detA thA, pazcAta senApatiyoM kI AjJAnusAra senA kArya karatI thI / vAdobhasiMha ne menA ke prayANa kA mundara citra khIMcA hai / govinda mahArAja kASThAMgAra ke yahA~ sasainya jA rahe haiM, usa samaya atyanta sapheda vAravANoM se suzobhita zreSTha kecukI vetralatAoM se rAjA ke upakaraNa dhAraNa karane vAle logoM ko prerita kara rahe the| rAjA ke atyanta dUravartI sthAna taka yaha samAna bhejanA hai, yaha samAcAra sunane ke lie bhaNDAriyoM kA samUha ekatrita hokara zIghratA kara rahA thaa| gurujana vinayapUrvaka namaskAra karate hue logoM ko AzIrvAda de rahe the / lauTane ko AzA se rahita bhorU yoddhA gAr3e hue dhana se yukta kone dikhalA rahe the| Age jAne vAle loga bar3e peTa vAle dAsI putroM ko bAra-bAra bulAne se khina aura pasIne se tara ho rahe the| bhUle hue AzcaryakAraka AbhUSaNoM ko lAne ke lie bheje hue sevaka aspaSTa tathA nirodhI vacana kara rahe the / tejI se jAne vAle sambandhI pIche dekhane ke bAda lauTakara puna: pIche . pIche calane lagate the / goNa girA dene vAle baila ke dvArA Dare hue yAtriyoM ko bhIr3a ikaTThI ho rahI thI / krodhI cANDAla majabUta kulhAr3I se vRkSa cIrakara rAstA caur3A karate jAte the / khodane vAle (khanitragaNa) kuyeM banAte jAte the / tAtkAlika kArya meM nipuNa bar3haI nadiyoM tairane ke lie nA taiyAra kara dete the| senA ke kolAhala se siMha bhayabhIta hokara bhAga jAte the| bar3e-bar3e hAthI vRkSoM ke laTTe ukhAr3akara mArga meM rukAvaTa paidA karate the| vanacara hAthiyoM kI ragaDa se chiTakI huI vRkSoM kI chAla dekhakara hAthiyoM ke zarIra kA anumAna karate the| hAthI kI ganyasUMghakara bigar3ane vAle jagalI hAthiyoM ko pakar3ane vAle yoddhAoM kA zabda cAroM dizAoM meM ho rahA thaa| anna aura vastra se yukta saba zastra hAthI, ghor3e, gadhe, bhaiMse, mer3he, baila, ratha tathA gAr3I Adi pramukha vAhanoM para lAda die gae the| isa prakAra kI senA jaba samIpa vasoM hemAMgada deza meM pahu~cane ko udyata huI taba zispisamAja ke pramukhoM ne paTakuTI banAI / kASThAgAra ke dvArA sammAnita govinda mahArAja ne usameM praveza kiyaa|

Page #30
20 zatru vijaya ke viSaya meM vAdImasiMha kA kahanA hai ki zatru manoratha kI siddhi paryanta prasanna karane yogya hote haiN| apane zatru ke kAryoM kI prabalatA aura usake vicAra ko jAnakara pratIkAra karanA cAhie / isa prakAra uttama upAyoM se prasiddha manuSya kArya ko pUrNa karane meM rUkAvaTa rahita hote haiM / vAdIbha siMha ke Upara apane pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA prabhAva spaSTa dyotita hotA hai| gadyacintAmaNi kI prastAvanA meM paM. pannAlAla jI ne katipaya aise prasaMgoM ko darzAyA hai| ina prasaMgoM meM rAjanaitika prasaMga bhI sammilita hai" / jinasena dvitIya AcArya jinasena dvitIya mUlasaMgha ke usa paMcastUpa nAmaka anvaya meM hue haiM jo Age calakara senAnvaya yA senasaMgha nAma se prasiddha huaa| pAzvabhyudaya" ke anta meM Ae hue padma se itanA spaSTa hai ki vIrasenAcArya ke ye ziSya the| vinayasena inake gurubhAI the| unhIM ke kahane para isa kAvya kI racanA ko gaI hai| amodhavarSa rASTrakUTa vaMza kA rAjA thA aura karnATaka tathA mahArASTra para zAsana karatA thaa| yaha zaka saM. 736 (vi. saM. 871) meM rAjyAsIna huA thaa| isakI rAjadhAnI mAnyakheTa athavA malakheDa thii| jinasena ke upadeza se yaha jainadharma meM dIkSita ho gayA thaa| praznottararatnamAlA se jJAta hotA hai ki amoghavarSa apane putra ko rAjya sauMpa svayaM muni bana gayA thA jinamena ke pAzvabhyudaya kA ullekha harivaMzapurANa (zaka saM. 705 san 783 I.) meM AyA hai| ataH pAzrvabhyudaya kI racanA I. san AThavIM zatI meM ho cukI thii| jinasena dvitIya ne vIrasena dvArA Arambha kI gaI jayazravalA kI parisamApti zaka saMvat 759 (I. 837) phAlguna zuklA dazamI ke pUrvAhaNa meM ko thI / ataH jinasena kI racanAoM kA krama ghaTita karane para pAzrvabhyudaya ke anantara jayadhavalA TIkA aura unake pazcAt AdipurANa kA krama AtA hai| DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ne likhA hai- vorasena svAmI ke yaha ziSya senasacI AcArya jinasena ke rAjaguru aura dharmaguru the| ye vibhinna bhASAvit evaM vividhaviSayapaTu diggaja vidvAna the| lar3akapana se hI unake sAtha amoghavarSa kA samparka rahA thA aura vaha unakI bar3I vinaya karatA thA / ataeva jinasenAcArya kA sthitikAla zaka saMvat 680765 (san 758-837 I.) honA cAhiye" / pAzrvabhyudaya meghadUta ke padoM ko lekara samasyApUrti ke rUpa meM likhe gaye kAvyoM meM sabase pahalA kAvya hai| isa kAvya meM cAra sarga hai| prathama sarga meM 118 padya, , dvitIya meM 118, tRtIya meM 57, caturtha meM 71, isa prakAra kula 364 padyoM meM kAvya likhA gayA hai 1 kAvya kI bhASA praur3ha hai aura meghadUta ke samAna hI mandAkrAntA chanda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / jinasena dvitIya kI dUsarI racanA vardhamAnapurANa hai, jisakA ullekha jinasena ne apane harivaMza purANa meM kiyA hai, samprati yaha anupalabdha hai / kaSAyaprAbhRta ke pahale skandha kI cAroM vibhaktiyoM para jayadhavalA nAma kI TIkA likhakara jaba guru vIra senAcArya svarga ko sidhAra cuke saba unake ziSya zrI jinasena svAmI ne usake avaziSTa bhAga para 40 hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA likhakara use pUrA kiyaa| yaha TIkA jayaghavalA ke nAma se prasiddha hai / AdipurANa kavi kI praur3hAvasthA kI kRti hai| yaha mahApurANa kA eka bhAga hai| isameM 47 parva haiM, jinameM prArambha ke 42 aura taitAlIsa parva ke 3 zloka jinasenAcArya dvArA racita hai| zeSa parvo ke 1620 zloka unake ziSyabhadanta guNabhadrAcArya dvArA racita hai |

Page #31
21 AdipurANa meM rAjanIti ke lie rAjAkhyAna" aura rAjavidyA' zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| usa deza kA yaha bhAga amuka rAjA ke AdhIna hai athavA yaha nagara amuka rAjA kA hai ityAdi varNana karanA jainazAstroM meM sajAkhyAna kahA gayA hai | rAjavidhA kA parijJAna hone se isa loka sambandhI padArthoM meM buddhi dRr3ha ho jAtI hai / rAjarSi rAjavidyAoM ke dvArA apane zatruoM ke samasta gamanAgamana ko jAna letA hai| rAjavidyAyeM AnvIkSikI trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti ke bheda se cAra prakAra kI hotI hai / mantravidyA ke dvArA trivarga (dharma, artha aura kAma) ko siddhi hotI hai| yaha lakSmI kA AkarSaNa karane meM samartha hai aura isameM bar3e bar3e phala prApta hote haiM / guNabhadra jinasena dvitIya aura dazarathaguru ke ziSya guNabhadrAcArya apane samaya ke bahuta bar3e vidvAna hue haiN| ye utkRSTa jJAna se yukta, pakSopavAsI, tapasvI aura bhAvaliGgI munirAja the| inhoMne AdiparANa ke anta meM 1620 zloka racakara use pUrA kiyA aura usake bAda uttarapurANa kI racanA kI, jisakA 'parimANa AThahajAra zloka pramANa hai / ye atyanta gurubhakta ziSya the| uttarapurANa mahApurANa kA uttara bhAga hai / isameM ajitanAtha ko Adi lekara 23 tothaikara 1 cakravartI, 9 nArAyANa, 9 balabhadra aura 9 pratinArAyaNa tathA jovanyara svAmI Adi kucha viziSTa puruSoM ke kathAnaka die hue haiM / isakI racanA kavi paramezvara ke gadyAtmaka purANa ke AdhAra para huI hogii| AtmAnuzAsana AcArya guNabhadra dvArA racita bhartahari ke vairAgyazataka kI zailI meM likhA huA 272 zlokoM kA bar3A sundara grantha hai / yaha sarasa aura sarala racanA hRdaya para tatkAla asara karatI jinadattacarita guNabhadraracita navasargAtmaka choTA sA kASya hai / anuSTup zlokoM meM isakI racanA huI hai| isakI kathA bar3I kautukAvaha hai / zabdavinyAsa alpa hone para bhI kahIM kahIM bhAva bahuta gambhIra hai| AcArya guNabhadra ke anusAra rAjyoM meM rAjya yahI hai, jo prajA ko sukha dene vAlA ho / uttarapurANa se deza ke jo vizeSaNa prApta hote haiM unameM durga, bana, khAne, akRSTapadhyasasya ( binA boe hone vAlI dhAnya), trivarNa (brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya) meM vibhakta prajAye, tapasviyoM kA atikramaNa karane vAle kRSaka", svaccha jalAzaya", anAja se paripUrNa, sabako tRpta karane vAle rAjA ke bhaNDAra ke samAna kheta tathA ghana ghAnyAdi se paripUrNa pAsa-pAsa meM base hue grAma pramukha haiM, / rAjA kA kartavya hai ki vaha aneka upAyoM se koSa kA vardhana karate raheM / arjuna, rakSaNa, vardhana aura vyaya ye vAra dhanasaMcaya ke upAya hai| ina upAyoM kA prayoga karate samaya rAjAartha aura dharmapuruSArtha ko kAma kI apekSA adhika mAne / uttarapurANa meM tIna zaktiyoM kA bhI vivaraNa prApta hotA hai| paMcAGga mantra (sahAya, sAdhanopAya, dezavibhAga, kAlavibhAga aura bAdhaka kAraNoM kA pratIkAra) ke dvArA mantra kA nirNaya karanA mantrazakti hai / rAjA ko nitya Alocita mantrazakti se yukta honA caahie| / zuravIratA se utpanna hue utsAha ko utsAhazakti kahate haiN| rAjA ke pAsa koza aura daNDa kI jo adhikatA hai, use prabhuzakti kahate haiM / uparyukta tIna zaktirUpa sampatti ke dvArA rAjA samasta zatruoM ko jIta letA hai, yuddha zAnta kara detA hai tathA artha ke dvArA bhogoM kA upabhoga karatA hai|

Page #32
22 ye tInoM siddhiyA~ dharmAnubandhinI siddhi ko phalIbhUta karatI hai| yathArtha meM zaktiyoM vahI haiM jo donoM lokoM meM hita karane vAlI ho rAjA ko utsAha, mantra aura phala ina tIna siddhiyoM sahita honA caahie| sandhi, vigraha, yAna, Asana, saMzraya aura vaidhIbhAva ye rAjA ke chaha guNa haiN| ye chahoM guNa lakSmI ke snehI hai / isa prakAra guNabhadra kI racanAoM meM rAjanIti kI vipula sAmagrI prApta hotI hai| . tIranandi vIranandi mAnda saMgha dezoya gaNa ke AcArya the / candraprabhakAvya ke anta meM jo prazasti AyI hai. usase jJAta hotA hai ki ye AcArya abhayanandi ke ziSya the|abhynndi ke guru kA nAma guNanandiA thA / kSavaNabelagola ke 47 veM abhilekha meM batalAyA hai ki guNanandi AcArya ke 300 ziSya the, unameM 72 siddhAntazAstra ke marmajJa the| inameM devendra saiddhAntika sabase prasiddha the|in devendra saiddhAntika ke ziSya kaladhautanandi yA kanakanandi siddhAntacakravatIM the| kanakanandi ne indranandi gurU ke pAsa siddhAntazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne apane gomaTasAra karmakANDa meM abhayanandi, indranandi aura boranandi ina tInoM AcAryoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai | unake gomaTsAra karmakANDa kI eka gAthA se yaha bhI avagata hotA hai ki indranandi inake guru the| kanakanandi bhI guru ke samakakSa hI rahe hoMge, ata: inhoMne unheM bhI guru kahA hai| eka anya gAthA meM batAyA hai ki jinake caraNaprasAda se vIranandi aura indranandi ziSya ananta saMsAra se pAra hue hai. una abhayanandi guru ko namaskAra hai / ukta saMdarbha se siddha hai ki vIranandi ke guru abhayanandi, dAdAguru guNanandi aura sahAdhyAyI indranandi the| nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI bhI inake laghuguru bhAI pratIta hote hai / DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI ne vIranandi kA samaya upalabdha pramANoM ke AdhAra para I. san 950-999 nirdhArita kiyA hai| AcArya vIranandi ke anusAra rAjA pAlana poSaNa karane zikSA dene aura kaSTa dUra karane ke kAraNa sArI prajA kA svAmI guru aura suhRda hai| vaha apanI prajA ko navavadhU ke samAna saba prakAra se santuSTa karane kA prayatna karatA hai jisa prakAra pati apanI navavadhUko ratiyA surasakIr3A se prasanna karatA hai usI prakAra rAjA apanI prajA ko rati arthAt prIti se prasanna karatA hai aura jisa taraha yati taraha-taraha ke ujjavala varNoM yA raMgoM kI citraracanA se vadhU ke zarIra ko alaSkRta karatA hai usI taraha rAjA prajA ko brAhmaNa kSatriyAdi vargoM ko ujjavala vyavasthA se zobhita karatA hai / isa prakAra samasta prajA usake vaza meM ho jAtI hai | rAjA aura prajA eka dUsare ke harSa aura viSAda meM samAna rUpa se sammilita hote the / jaba rAjA muni vagairaha ko vandanA ke lie jAtA thA to yAtrA ko sUcanA dene ke lie nagAr3e bajAe jAte the" nagAr3e kI dhvani sunakara hajAroM puruSoM kA samUha rAjadvAra (rAjagopura) para ekatrita ho jAtA thA / anantara puravAsI, suhRvarga, bandhu bAMdhava, senA, sAmanta, putra aura rAniyoM sahita rAjA abhIsita sthAna para jAtA thA / suyogya rAjA kA prakRti bhI sAtha detI thii| usake rAjyakAla meM koI akAlamRtyu se nahIM maratA thA aura ativRSTi yA anAvRSTi logoM ko vyAkula nahIM karatI thI, kAnoM ke parde phAr3ane vAle kaThora zabda se yukta dAruNa havA nahIM calatI thI, rogoM kI vRddhi nahIM hotI thI aura adhika jAr3A yA garmI nahIM par3atI thii| sAre janapada meM kabhI iti (TiDDI) mUse, anAvRSTi Adi kI bAdhA nahIM hotI thI, pura ke tara hiMsra pazu bho hiMsAvRti ko chor3a dete

Page #33
23 the| dIna aura anArthoM ko rAjA kI ora se dAna diyA jAtA thA | apane Azrita sAmantoM aura rAjAoM ko bhI samaya-samaya para rAjA prasannatAsUcaka vastroM ke jor3e Adi puraskAra yathAyogya dekara santuSTa karatA thaa| isa prakAra janasAdhAraNa se lekara rAja parivAra taka ke samasta logoM ko rAjA khuza rakhatA thA / apanI isa kapa kA samaya-samaya pA se tatita patidAna bhI prApta hotA thA tathA jaba kabhI vaha digvijaya vagairaha ke lie jAtA to goSThamahattara (gopoM ke mukhiyA) AdarapUrvaka dahI, dUdha Adi sAmagrI mArga meM bheMTa karate the aura rAjA kI prasannatA meM vRddhi hotI thI / ___ rAjakIya Aya kA eka bahuta bar3A sAghana kara thA" / kara bahuta adhika na liyA jAtA thA komala liyA jAtA thA" | sadaiva se hI maulika kara bhUmikara thA jo sAmAnya rUpa se bhAga kahalAtA thA tathA yaha upaja kA eka nizcita anupAta hotA thaa| tAmrapatroM meM dAna kI bhUmi ko sabhI karoM se mukta karane kA varNana milatA haiM / harSavardhana ke samaya se vibhinna karoM (sthAyo yA asthAyI) ke nAma milate haiN| bhUmikara nakada yA sAmAna ke rUpa meM diyA jAtA thaa| kucha asthAyI kara the aura cuMgo yA begAra ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiye jAte the / candraprabha carita meM kahA gayA hai ki rAjA ko prajA apanI rakSA ke lie chaThA bhAga vetana kI taraha detI hai / use letA huA vaha prajA ke sevaka ke samAna hai| kintu mUr3ha manuSya apane ko rAjA samajhakara garva karatA hai|2 / eka sthAna . para kahA gayA hai ki pahale kara (hAtha,kara) se sanna jagaha sparza karake phira samAna rati (athaMbhoga, anurAga) pradAnakara sAro pRthvI ko rAjA apanI vazavartinI banA letA hai|23 / rAjA ko apane adhIna rAjAoM se meMTa" (upAyana) ke rupa meM bhI accho Aya hoto tho| samasta dizAoM (ke rAjAoM) se kara lene vAle rAjA ko dikkarI kahA jAtA thA | bIranandi ne rAjakumAra aura unake guNoM kI acchI jAnakArI dI hai| jaise phUla hI vRkSa kI paramazobhA hai, javAnI hI zarIra kA parama zrRMgAra hai, zAstra ho zAstra ke jJAtA paNDita kA AbharaNa haiM, vaise hI suputra manuSya ke vaMza kA alaMkAra hai| vizeSakara rAjAoM ke lie to usakI upayogitA aura bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| isI upayogitA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara rAjakumAra ko zreSTha gurUoM se vidhAoM (cAra vidhAoM) aura upavidyAoM kI zikSA dilAyI jAtI thI / zAstrAbhyAsa me zubuddhi vAle kumAra jaba pitA ke pada ko saMbhAlate the to loga svabhAvataH unheM Adara dete the / unake kArya viveka se zunya nahIM hote the| khAna se nikale hae ratna ke samAna avasthA ke choTe hone para bhI ve rAjakumAra ujjavala kiraNoM ke samAna apanI kalAoM se bar3hate hue guNa ke kAraNa sabase bar3ehote the / khaDgavidhA, hAthI aura ghor3e para savArI karane kI vidyA ke jAnakAra loga sadA unakI sevA karate the| unakI upamA hAthI se dI jAtI thI / unase madagalita (naSTa) ho jAtA thA, hAthI ke bhI madagalita hotA hai- bahatA hai| rAjakumAra uccavaMza ke hote the vahAtho kA vaMza (poTha ko haDDI) bhI UMcI hotA hai| (zikSita) hAthI jisa prakAra vinIta, unnatizIla aura zakti yukta hotA hai usI prakAra ve bhI vinIta, unnatizAlI aura zaktivAna hotethohAthI jisa prakAra aMkuza se vaza meM kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra rAjakumAroM ke liye unake mAtA-pitA aura gurujana ho aMkuza hote the| vikAra ko dhAraNa karane vAle rUpa aura javAnI kI sampadA ke sAtha vigraha (zarIra, yuddha) rakhane para bhI Antarika (krodhAdi)zatruoM para vijaya prApta karane vAle unamanasvI kumAroM ke mana ko

Page #34
vyasana nahIM hara pAte the| kumAra kI udAratA kA kyA kahanA ? unakI udAratA ko dekhakara anya udAra loga apanI udAratA kA vRthA anamAna yA dete the sattAste mA para par3atA hI hai ata: inake sAtha kAyara loga bhI zUra ho jAte the| isa prakAra nIti ko mAnane vAle logoM ke lie jo abhISTa hai, aise udAratA, zUratA aura satya ye tIna guNa Apasa meM spardhAkara unameM bar3hane lagate the| usakI nIti indra se bhI bar3hakara hotI thii| svAbhAvika vinIta bhAtra aura vaibhava kA anugAmI. kSamAguNa vinaya kA anugAmI aura parAkrama jhamAguNa ko alaMkRta karatA thaa| usake guNa se nimala, mahAn aura samasta tejasviyoM ke udaya kA sthAna vaMza prakAzita hotA thA' | guNoM ke Azraya rAjakumAra kevala apane hI pakSa ke logoM ko harSita nahIM karate the, apitu duSTa svabhAva vAle zatruoM ko bhI khuza karate the, kyoMki puNyAtmA logoM ke lie aisA koI kArya nahIM, jo asAdhya ho| kAma, krodhAdi chaha antaraMga zatruoM ko jItane vAle, kRtajJa aura adhika guNa vAloM meM zreSTha kumAra meM saya guNoM kA vAsa dekhakara IrSyA ke kAraNa doSa unheM chUte bhI nahIM the| isa prakAra ke suyogya rAjakumAra kohI yuvarAja banAyA jAtA thA aura anta meM rAjA loga pura. vAina sahita unheM rAjya bhI de dete the| isa prakAra logoM kI dhanadhAnya se pUrNa aura mahAn guNoM se yukta banAte hue nItidazI rAjakumAra hI Azrita logoM ke yathArtha svAmI aura guru hote the / asatA mahAkavi amaga dvArA racita vardhamAnacarita aura zAntinAtha carita ko prazastiyoM se jJAta hotA hai ki unake pitA kA nAma paTumati aura mAtA kA nAma raiti thA / mAtA-pitA anyansa munibhakta the isalie unhoMne bAlaka asaga kA vidyAadhyayana muniyoM ke pAsa hI karAyA thaa| asaga kI sikSA nAganadI AcArya aura mAvakIrti munirAja ke caraNamUla meM huI thau / asaga ne vardhamAracarita kI prazasti meM apane para mamatAbhAva prakaTa karane vAlo sampat zrAvikA aura zAntinAzapurANa kI prazasti meM apane brAhmaNa mitra jinApa kA ullekha kiyA hai. ataH pratIta hotA hai ki yaha donoM granthoM ke racanAkAla meM gRhastha hI the, muni nahIM / bAda meM muni hue yA nahIM isakA nirdeza nahIM milatA hai / yaha coladeza ke rahane vAle the aura zrInAtha rAjA ke rAjya pe sthita viralA nagarI meM unhoMne ATha granthoM kI racanA kI thii| cUMki inakI mAtRbhASA karnATaka thI; ata; jAna par3atA hai ki inake zeSa 6 grantha karNATaka bhASA ke the aura ve dakSiNabhArata ke kinhI bhaNDAroM meM par3e ho yA naSTa ho gae hoM / bhASA kI vibhinnatA se unakA uttara bhArata meM pracAra nahIM ho sakA ho / vardhamAnacarita kI prazasti ke anusAra isakAdhyakAracanAkAla saMvata 10 hai| dakSiNabhArata meM zaka saMvat kA pracalana adhika hone se ise vidvAna zaka saMvata mAnate Ae haiM. kintu DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina ne ise vikrama saMvata mAnA hai, kyoMki 95 I. ke paMpa, pona Adi kannaDa kaviyoM ne asaga kI prazaMsA kI hai| mahAkavi asaga ke kAvyoM meM rAjanIti ke tattva ota-prota haiN| udAharaNata: vardhamAnacarita meM rAjA ke doSoM ke viSaya meM asaga kahate haiM - mero lakSmI dUsaroM se atyadhika hai, maiM dUsaroM se durjeya hU~, isa taraha kA garva karake jo rAjA niSkaraNa dUsaroM kA tiraskAra karatA hai vaha maMsAra meM adhika dinoM taka jIvita nahIM raha sakatA hai| / jagata ke bhaya kA nAza kie binA jo jagata kA

Page #35
25 adhipati banAtA hai, usako namaskAra karane vAlo bhI janatA citragata rAjA ke samAna dekhatI hai 45 | Antarikazatru aura unake prabhAva ke viSaya meM asaga ne apane vicAra vyakta kiye haiM / kAma, krodha, mada, moha, lobha, mAtsarya ye chaha antaraMga zatru kahe gaye haiN| jo rAjA ina para vijaya prApta karane kA prazna karatA hai usake samIpa jAkara rAjalakSmI usI tarahavRddhi ko prApta hotI hai jisa prakAra kalpavRkSa ke samIpa jAkara kalpalatA vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai| cAhe koI kitanA hI unnata kyoM na ho, yadi strI rUpI pAza se baMdhA huA hai to dUsare loga use padAkrAnta kara dete haiN| jisake cAroM ora bela lipaTI huI hai, aise mahAna taru (vRkSa) ke upara bAlaka bhI car3ha jAtA hai? | krodha tRSNA ko bar3hAtA hai, dhairya ko dUra karatA hai, vivekabuddhi ko naSTa karatA hai mujha se nahIM karane yogya kAryo ko bhI karAtA hai evaM zarIra aura indriyoM ko santapta karatA hai / A~khoM meM lAlimA, zahera meM aneka prakAra kA kaMpa, cinta meM vivekazUnya cintAyeM amArga meM gamana aura zrama ina bAtoM ko tathA inase aura neka kAma panna karatA hai yA maMdirA kA md| - saMsAra meM jo AdamI binA kAraNa ke pratipada krodha karatA hai, usake sAtha usake Aptajana bhI mitratA nahIM rakhanA cAhate haiN| viSa kA vRkSa maMda maMda vAyu se nRtya karane vAle phUloM ke bhAra se yukta rahatA hai, to bhI bhramara usakI sevA nahIM karate haiM | yadi koI atibalavAn aura parAkrama kA dhAraka bhI atyanta unnata hue dUsaroM para kopa kare to aisA karane se usakI bhalAI nahIM hotii| mRgarAja meghoM kI tarapha svayaM uchala uchalakara vyartha prayAsa karatA hai / utpanna huA krodha kaThora vacana bolane se aura bar3hatA hai, kintu komala zabdoM se vaha zAnta ho jAtA hai| jo kisI kAraNa kopa karatA hai yaha to sadaiva anunaya se zAnta ho jAtA hai, kintu jo binA kAraNa krodha karatA hai. usakA pratIkAra kaise ho sakatA hai| ataH abhivAJchita kAryasiddhI kI rakSA karane vAlI an A~khoM ke lie siddhAMjana kI advitIya golI aura lakSmI rUpI latAvalaya ko bar3hAne vAlI jaladhArA kSamA hI haiM 7 | ve vyakti acche mAne jAte haiM aura unhIM kI prazaMsA hotI hai jo zatru ke sAmane nirbhaya rahate haiM tathA sampatti Ane para bhI jo mada nahIM karate haiM / jisakI buddhi mada se murcchita hI rahI hai aisA uddhata puruSa hAthI kI taraha tabhI taka garjatA hai jaba taka vaha sAmane bhISaNa AkAra ke kAraka siMha samAna zatru ko nahIM dekhatA hai / apane mana meM vibhUti kA garva nahIM karanA caahie| jo loga indriyoM para vijaya prApta nahIM kara sake haiM. vana bhUDhAtmAoM kI sampatti sukha ke lie nahIM ho sakatI haiN| pha / somadeva somadeva ne yazastilaka campU ke anta meM apane viSaya meM paryApta sUcanA dI hai| vaha devasaMgha ke AcArya yazodeva ke praziSya aura nemideva ke ziSya the| nItivAkyAmRta kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki somadeva mahendra deva ke laghubhrAtA the aura syAdvAdacalasiMha, tArkika, cakravartI vAdIbhana vAkallolapayonidhi tathA kavikularAja unakI upAdhiyA~ thii| usameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki somade yazodhara mahArAja carita, SaSNavatiprakaraNa, mahendramAtalisaMjalpa aura yukticiMtAmaNistava ke raciyatA the / 'yazodharamahArAjacarita kA hI dUsarA nAma yazastilaka campU hai| zaka saMvat 881 (959 I.) maiM siddhArtha saMvatsara meM caitra mAsa kI madanatrayodazI ke dina jaba kRSNarAjadeva pANDya siMhala, cola aura cerama Adi rAjAoM ko jItakara melapATI meM zAsana karate the, yazaktilaka samApta huA aisA somadeva ne svayaM likhA hai| somadeva kA yaha ullekha aitihAsika dRSTi se satya hai kyoMki somadeva ke yazastilaka kI sAmApti se kucha hI saptAha pUrva melapATI meM 9 mArca san 959 I. ke dina aMkita kiye gaye mahAn rASTrakUTa cakravartI kRSNa tRtIya ke karahAra tAmrapatra se usakA samarthana hotA hai| isa tAmrapatra meM coloM ke sAtha cerama, pANDya siMhala, Adi dezoM ke rAjAoM ke Upara kRSNarAja tRtIya kI vijaya kA nirdeza hai| usameM yaha bhI likhA hai ki kRSNarAja ne apanA

Page #36
26 vijayakaTaka melapATI meM sthApita kiyA thA / samprati somadeva ke tIna grantha upalabdha haiMyazastilaka campU, nItivAkyAmRta aura adhyaatmtrNginnii| pahale meM ATha azvAsoM meM gadya aura padma meM rAjA yazodhara kI kathA varNita haiM, isI se use yazodhara mahArAja carita bhI kahate haiN| dUsare graMtha meM sUtra zailI meM rAjanIti kA kathana hai, isameM 32 adhyAya haiN| tIsarA grantha 40 padyoM kA eka prakaraNa hai / prAcIna bhArata ke rAjanaitika AdarzoM vagairaha kI jAnakArI kI dRSTi se nItivAkyAmRta kA atyadhika mahatva hai| isakA viSaya krama isa prakAra hai - (1) dharma samuddeza dharma kA svarUpa, adharma kA duSpariNAma, dharmaprApti ke upAla Agama mahAtma, usakI satyatA, caMcalacitta tathA kartavyavimukha ko hAni, dAna, tapa, saMyama, dharma, vidyA va dhana saMcaya se lAbha tathA dhAmiMka anutsAha se hAni Adi / (2) artha samudeza dhana kA lakSaNa, dhanika hone kA upAya, dhana vinAza ke kAraNa / (3) kAmasamuddeza- kAma kA lakSaNa, sukhaprApti kA upAya, kevala eka puruSArtha se hAni aadi| - (4) ariSaDvarga samuddeza- antaraMga zatruoM ke nAma lakSaNa ityAdi / (5) vidyAvRddha samudadeza - rAjA kA lakSaNa, karttavya, rAjya kA svarUpa, varNa Azrama ke bheda. brahmacAriyoM kA svarUpa, rAjya kA mUla, rAjya kI zrISaddhi ke upAya Adi, 1. padma 96/50 2. vahI 96/48 3924.97/21 ( 6 ) AnvIkSikI samuddeza- adhyAtmayoga, AtmA ke krIr3A sthAna, AtmA kA svarUpa, punarjanma, dukhoM ke bheda, icchA, kA svarUpa Adi / (7) yI samuddeza trayovidyA kA svarUpa Adi / ( 8 ) vArtA samuddeza vArtA vidyA isase rAjakIya lAbha sAMgArika sukha ke kAraNa, rAjA kI nalapsA se hAni Adi / (9) daMDanIti samuddeza daNDa mahAtmya va svarUpa, daNDanIti kA uddezya, daNDavidhAna kA duSpariNAma | ( 10 ) maMtrI samuddeza (11) purohita samuddeza ( 12 ) menApati samuddeza ( 13 ) dUta samuddeza (14) cAra samuddeza | (15) vicAra samuddeza | ( 16 ) mana samuddeza (17) svAmI samuddeza- rAjA kA lakSaNa, AmAtmA Adi prakRti kA svarUpa, lokapriya puruSa, chudra adhikAriyoM vAle rAjA kI hAni Adi / ( 18 ) amAtma samuddeza- sacina mahAtmaya saciva karttavya, Ayavyaya, svAmI, tantra lakSaNa, ayogya adhikArI Adi / ( 19 ) janapada samudadeza / (20) durgamamuddeza (21) koza samuddeza (22) bala samuddeza - bala (senA) kA artha, pradhAna sainya, sainya mahAtma Adi / ( 23 ) mitra samuddeza ( 24 ) rAjarakSA samuddeza rAjA kI rakSA kaise karanA caahie| ( 25 ) divasAnuSThAna samuddeza (26) sadAcAra samuddeza ( 27 ) vyavahAra samudadeza ( 28 ) vivAda samuddeza ( 29 ) bhADguNya samuddeza (30) yuddha samuddeza (31) vivAha mamuddeza ( 32 ) prakIrNaka samuddeza - granthakAra prazasti, antyamaMgala tathA Atmaparicaya Adi / phuTanoTa 4. padma, 97/23-24 5. pad. 97/118 6.361 97/126 7. vahIM 97/128 - .. - - 8. vahI 97/129 9. padmacarita 7/35,36 10 vahA~ 7/37 11. vahI 8/374 12. vahI adhyAya 24 13. vahIM 94/10 14 vahI 5/84 :::

Page #37
27 15. padmacarita 4/67-74 16. gharAMgacarita (anu. pro. khuzAlacandra gorAvAlA) bhUmikA pR. 25 17. varAMgacarita 1/51 78. vaho 1152 19. vahIM 21/75 20. vahI 22/3 21. vasaMgacarita 19169 22. harisaMzaparANa jJAnapITha prakAzana) prastAvanA 1.3 23. vahI pradhAna sampAdakIya pR.3 24, hari. 11/59 25. vahI 2/149 26. vahI 17/17 27 vahI 23/1 28, yahI 29/17 29. vahI 27154 30. hari.2/149 31. vahI 11/57-59 32, vahI 43:57 33. bahI 27/54 34 hari. 52/84 35. hari. 14/98 OM. hari.14/110 37. hari.45/5B 38 hari 05/84 39. hari 062/51 40.divasandhAna mahAkAvya (jJAnapITha prakAzana) pradhAna sampAdakIya pR. 22 41. vahIM 4/14 42.dvi.4/17 43. dvi. ma.4/19 44.hi. ma.4/20 45. dva. ma. 4/53 46. yahI 18/136 47. vahI 18/142 48 vahIM 18/144 49.dvi. ma.4/13 50. nazyanti vAsthAna kRta prayAsAH dvi. ma. 5/5 51. dvisandhAna mahAkAvya 10/28 52. dvi. ma. 10/30 53.hi.ma. 10/31 S4, dvi. ma.1114 55, vahI 11/16 56.dvi.ma. 11/20 57. dvi. ma. 11/26 58. vi. ma. 11/21 59. vi. ma. 11/34 60.di.ma. 11/39 61. vahIM 914 62. kauTilIya arthazAstram 7/13 63.dvi. ma. 11/11 64. dvi. ma. 13/24 65.svAyAMsatantraM hi jayaM nirAhu: / dvi.ma.16:47 67. dvi. ma. 17/32 86. di. ma, 18/118 69. 70. gadyacintAmaNi (jJAnapITha prakAzana) prastAvanA pR. 14-15 11. gadyacintAmaNi dvitIya lambha pR. 124 129, prathama lambha pR.65 72. gadyacintAmaNi dvitIya lAbha pR. 124 73. gadyacintAmaNi dazama lambha pR. 353- 356 74.kSa, cU. 10/22 75. kSa.cu. 10/18 kSa. cU. 1012 76. raghuvaMza sarga, ! zloka 24 kSatra chur3AmaNi 11:4 raghu. sarga 17. zloka 49 kSatra. 11/7 raghu, 01/30 chatra. 11/19 raghuvaMza, 1745-50 gayacintAmaNi, labhye // pairA. 3 77. pAvaibhyudaya 78. DaoN. nemicandra zAstroH saMskRta kAvya kevikAsa meM jainakaviyoM kA yogadAna pR. 472-273 79. vahI pR. 472 80.AdipurANa (jJAnapITha prakAzana) prastAvanA pR. 25 81. vahIM 47 82. vahI 42134,412 139 83. vahI 47 84. rAjaviyaparijJAnAdaihike'the dRr3hA matiH / Adi.42/34 85. vahIM 11/81 8. Adi. 41/739,4/136 87, Adi. 11:33 88.AdipurANa (jJAnapITha prakAzana) prastAvanA pR. 27-28

Page #38
89. sadeva rAjya rAjyedhu prajAna patsukhadhAma / 723. ca. ca. 4/67 u.pu.52/40 124. vahIM 17/57,5/52 90. vahI 54/10 125. ca. ca. 3/24 91. yahI 54/14 126. candraprabhAcarita 5/48 92, vahI 54/12 127. vahIM 4/3.5/41 93. vahI 54/13 94. nahI 54/14 129. yahI 1159 95. vahI 54/15-16 130. vahI 44 96. uttapurANa 51/7 137 vahI 4/5 97, vahIM 6877,62/512 132. ca. ca. 1151 98 vahI 6861 133. ca. ca. 1/62 99. vahI 66/70 134. vahIM 47 100. vahI 50/37 135. yahI 4/9 101. vahI 48/6 136. vahIM 5/44 102. vahIM 68.66,57 137, vahI 5147 103.ca, ca. shlok| 138 vahI 4/11 104. gomaTTasAra karmakANDa di, saM. bambaI, || 139. bahI 4714 vi. saM1885 gara. 785 140. vahIM 4/16, 5:49 105. vahIM gAthA 396, 141. vahIM 15:145 106. vahIM gAthA 43, 142. vahI 4/10 107, DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI: saMskRta kAvya ke || 143. vardhamAnacirita (zotnApura saMskaraNa) vikAsa meM jainakavinoM kA yogadAna pu, prastAvanA pR. 17-18 75-76 144. vahIM 8/34 108. vahI pR. 76-77 145. vahI 5175 109. candraprabhacarita 3/4 146. vahI 4124 110. ca.ca. 1/52 147. vardhamAnacarita 8/20 111. ca. tra.2/28 148. vahIM 6/46 112, ca.ca.2/29 | 149. vahI 6/47-48 113. ca, ca, 2/30 150. bahI 6/51 114.ca.ca. 17:54-56 151. vahI 7/22 115. vahIM 15/15 152. vahI 7/33 116. vahI 15/15, 16:54 . 153. vahI 6:50 117.ca.ca. 13.41 154. vahIM 8/35 178. vahIM 1147, 16/53, 4/67 155. vahI 7/44 119. vahI 6/43 156. vahI 4/70,6/23, 14:40 120. e. ela. bAzama: adbhutabhArata pR. 106 157. somadeva iti yastasyaidha kAvyakrama / 121. vAsudeva upAdhyAya: prAcIna bhArata ke || 158. upAsakAdhyana (prastAvanA- paM. abhilekhoM kA adhyayana pR. 86 kailAzacandrazAstrI) pR. 13, 122. rakSAye prajayA dataM pannAMzaM vetamA 159.ghahI pR. 13 000

Page #39
tRtIya adhyAya : rAjya : rAjya kI paribhASA aura usakA kSetra - rAjya kI paribhASA dete hue AcArya somadeva ne kahA hai- rAjA kA pRthvI kI rakSA ke yogya karma rAjya ha' / yahA~ pRthvIpAlanocita karma se tAtparya SAgumya (sandhi, trigraha, yAna, Asana, saMkSaya aura vaidhobhAva) se hai / varga sApaka vivAna ne likhA hai ki kAma vilAsa Adi ko chor3akara SAguNva (sandhi, vigrahAdi) ke cintana karane kA kArya rAjya kahalAtA hai / jo rAjA ekamAtra vilAsImana hokara SAguNya kA cintana nahIM karatA hai, usakA rAjya zIghra ho naSTa ho jAtA hai / agale sUtra meM somadeva kahate haiM - varNa (brAhmaNa, kSatriya vaizya tathA zradra) tathA Azrama (brahmacArI, gRhastha, vAnaprastha aura yati) se yukta aura dhAnya, hiraNya (sonA) pazu evaM kupya (lohA Adi dhAtuyeM) tathA vRSTi rUpa phala ko dene vAlI pRthvI ko rAjya kahate haiM / uparyukta paribhASA ke anusAra rAjya ke lie nimnalikhita tattra Avazyaka hai - 1, janasaMkhyA 2. prAkRtika sAdhana 3. ucita jalavAyu 4. rAjA kA pRthvI kI rakSA karane yogya karma / uparyukta cAra tatvoM ke atirikta somadeva ne do anya tatvoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| jinameM rAjya kI mUlazakti nihita rahatI hai / ve satya haiM - krama (AcArasampatti) aura vikrama ( parAkrama - saina aura roga kI zaki i: grAma rara ke pramukha tu. 1. janasaMkhyA 2. prAkRtika sAdhana 3. ucita jalavAyu . 4. sadAcAra 5. rAjA kA pRthvI kI rakSA karane yogya karma 6 parAkrama (mainya aura kAMza kI zakti ) / vAdIbhasiMha ne rAjya ko yoga aura kSema kI apekSA vistAra se tapa ke samAna kahA hai; kyoMki tapa tathA rAjya se sambandha rakhane vAle yoga aura kSema ke viSaya meM pramAda hone para adha: patana hotA hai aura pramAda na hone para bhArI utkarSa hotA hai / guNabhadra ke anusAra rAjyoM meM rAjya vahI hai jo prajA ko sukha dene vAlA ho / ___ varAMgacarita meM rAjya ke lie deza', janapada viSaya", tathA rAjya" zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai / eka rAjya ke antargata aneka rASTra Ate the / rASTra zabda se abhinAya prAnta se thA13 / rAjya kI paridhi bar3I vizAla thI aura usake antargata rAjA ke atirikta sevaka, mitra, koza, daNDa, amAtya, janatA, durgA, grAma, nagara, pattana (sAmudrika nagara),Akara (khanikoM ko bastiyA~), maDamba, kheTa", vrajA (gvAloM kI bastiyA~), patha, kAnana (jaMgala) nadI, giri (parvata, jharanaM". samasta vAhana tathA ratna A jAte the / rAjya kA sadbhAva karmabhUmi meM hI batalAyA gayA hai / bhogabhUmi meM rAjya vagairaha kA sadbhAva nahIM thaa| * harivaMza purANa ke anusAra deza ke jo lakSaNa prApta hote haiM unameM urvarA aura zAli-brIhi sanna prakAra ke dhAnyoM ke samUha se saphalatA ko dhAraNa karane vAlI bhUmi, saphala vANijya, uttama

Page #40
30 gAyeM tathA bhaisoM kA honA (arthAt pazu sampatti ko pracuratA) pramukha haiN| vahI deza uttama mAnA jA sakatA hai, jahA~ prajA sukhapUrvaka nivAsa kare / deza kI sImA ke andara kheTa, khavaMTa. maTamya, puTamedana, droNamukha, khAne, kheta,grAma, ghoSa, pura, parvata, nadI, vana, jinagRha baja", tathA sarovara sabhI Ate the| visaMdhAna mahAkAvya meM rAjya kI koI paribhASA upalabdha nahIM hotI hai / dvitIya maga ke 'eka varNana se rAjya kI sImA ko eka jhA~kI prApta hotI hai| rAjA dazaratha tathA pANDu kA varNana karate hae kahA gayA hai ki vaha rAjA nirmala tathA paryApta yazarUpI dhamako cita karane ke lie vyavasAyoM se bhare bAjAroM khanika kSetroM, araNyoM. samudrI tauroM para sthita pattanoM (nagarI), pazupAlakoM kI bastiyoM, durgA tathA rASTroM meM guNoM kI apekSA pracura mAtrA meM sampatti ko nahA rahA thA / isase spaSTa hai ki rAjya kI sImAyeM bahuta vizAla thI aura usake antargata bAjAra, khanika kSetra, araNya, samudrI tIroM para sthita nagara, pazupAlakoM kI bastI, durga tathA rASTra sabhI A jAte the / jo rAjA jitanA adhika sAmathyazAlI aura rAjanIti meM paTu holA ma usa prati sanya. ninAra kara letA thA / kRSNa ke viSaya meM ullekha prApta hotA hai ki unhoMne apanI nIti aura vizAla ratha ke dvArA dazoM dizAoM ke svAmitva ko prApta kiyA thA / AdipurANa meM rAjya ke lie janapada, viSaya deza" tathA rAjya zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jo rAjya AkAra prakAra meM anya rAjyoM se bar3e hote the, unheM mahAdeza kahA jAtA thaa| siMcAI kI apekSA rAjya ke tIna bheda kie jAte the (1) adevamAtRka. (2) devamAtRka, 3 / sAdhAraNa / nadI, naharoM Adi se sIMce jAne vAle rAjya adevamAtaka, varSA ke jala se soMce jAne vAle devamAtRka aura donoM prakAra se sIMce jAne vAle rAjya sAdhAraNa kahalAte the / rAjyoM kI sImAoM para antapAloM (sImArakSakoM) ke kile banA die jAte the' / rAjyoM ke bIca koTa, prAkAra, parikhA. gopura aura aTTAlaya se suzobhita rAjadhAnI hotI thI / rAjadhAnI rUpa kile ko gherakara gA~va Adi (sthAnIya) kI racanA hotI thI" | AdipurANa meM jo nAmAdi kI paribhASAyeM upalabdha hotI hai, tadanusAra jinameM bAr3a se ghire hae ghara hoM, jinameM adhikatara zudra aura kisAna loga rahate hoM tathA jo bagIrcA aura tAlAboM se sahita ho use grAma kahate haiM / jisameM so ghara hoM use nikRSTa athavA choTA gA~dha kahate haiM tathA jisameM pAMca sau ghara hoM aura jisake kisAna dhana pappana hoM, ume bar3A gA~va kahate haiM / sAmAnyata: gA~va pAsa-pAsa base hote the| inakI nikaTatA isame sahaja prakaTa hotI hai ki gA~va kA murgA dUsare gA~va AsAnI se jA sakatA thA, isI kAraNa gA~voM kA vizeSaNa 'kukkuTasampAlyAn' milatA hai | nadI, pahAr3a, guphA, zmazAna, zrIravRkSa. kaTole vRkSa. vana aura pula se gAMva kI sImA kA vibhAga kiyA jAtA thA | jo parikhA, gopura. aTTAla. koTa, tathA prAkAra se suzobhita hotA ho, jisameM aneka bhavana bane ho, jo vAga aura tAlAboM me yukta ho, jo uttama rIti se acche sthAna para basA ho tathA jisameM pAnI kA pravAha pUrvottara dizA ke bIca vAlA IzAna dizA meM ho aura jo gradhAna puruSoM ke rahane yogya ho use nagara kahate the / jo nagara nado aura parvata se ghirA hotA thA use kheTa aura jo parvata se ghirA hotA thA, use narvaTa kahate the / jo pA~ca sau gA~va se ghirA hotA thA, use madamba kahate the tathA jo samudra ke kinAre ho tathA jahA~ loga nAvoM se kinAre para utarate hoM use pattana kahate the / jo nadI ke kinAre hotA thA use droNamukhna aura jahA~ mastakaparyanta U~ce-U~ce mAnya ke Dhera lage rahate the yaha saMvAha kahalAtA thA / eka rAjadhAnI meM ATha sau, drauNamukha meM cAra sau tathA khamaMTa meM do sau gA~va hote the / daza gA~va ke bIca jo eka

Page #41
31 bar3A gA~va hotA thA use saMgraha (maNDI) kahate the" | jisa rAjya ke svAmI eka se adhika hote the bahadaurAjya" kahalAtA thA / aise rAjya meM sthiratA nahIM rahatI thI isIlie kahA gayA hai ki rAjya aura kulavatI strAM inakA upabhoga eka puruSa kara sakatA hai| jo puruSa ina donoM ko anya puruSoM ke sAtha upabhoga karatA hai, vaha nara ho pazu hai / candraprabhacarita ke anusAra uttama dezoM ke jo lakSaNa prApta hote haiM unameM upajAU aura ramaNIya jamIna" svaccha sarovara", dIrghikAyeM, nadiyoM, khanika kSetra, utkRSTa dhAnya sampadA* vRkSAdi vanaspati" itiyoM kI bAdhA na honA, pramudita" sucaritra" nitryaMnI prajA prajApAlaka rAjA", uttama jalavAyu, uttama patha tathA abhilASita vastuoM ko prApti honA pramukha hi| rAjya kI utpatti padmacarita ke adhyayana se rAjya kI utpatti ke jisa siddhAnta ko sarvAdhika bala milatA hai, vaha hai sAmAjika samajhautA siddhAnta Adhunika yuga meM isa siddhAnta ko sabase adhika basa dene vAle hAbsa, rUsI aura laoNka haiN| inameM bhI padamacarita kA rAjya kI utpatti sambandhI saMketa Adhunika yuga ke rusI aura laoNka ke siddhAnta se bahuta kucha milatA julatA hai / isa siddhAnta ke anusAra rAjya daivIya na hokara eka mAnavIya saMsthA hai, jisakA nirmANa prAkRtika avasthA meM rahane vAle vyaktiyoM dvArA pArasparika samajhaute ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| isa siddhAnta ke sabhI pratipAdaka atyanta prAcIna kAla meM eka aisI prAkRtika avasthA ke astitva ko svIkAra karate haiM, jisake antargata jIvana ko vyavasthita rakhane ke lie rAjya yA rAjya jaisI koI vyavasthA nahIM thI / siddhAnta ke vibhinna pratipAdakoM meM isa prAkRtika avasthA ke sambandha meM matabheda haiN| kucha ise pUrva sAmAjika aura kucha ise pUrva rAjanaitika avasthA mAnate haiN| isa prAkRtika avasthA ke antargata vyakti apanI icchAnusAra prAkRtika niyamoM ko AdhAra mAnakara apanA jIvana vyatIta karate kucha ne prAkRtika avasthA ko atyanta kaSTaprada aura asahanIya mAnA hai to kucha ne isa bAta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai ki prAkRtika avasthA meM mAnavajIvana sAmAnyataH AnandapUrNa thaa| padmacarita meM isI dUsarI avasthA ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / prAkRtika avasthA ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM matabheda hote hue bhI yaha sabhI mAnate haiM ki kisI na kisI kAraNa se manuSya prAkRtika avasthA ko tyAgane ko vivaza hue aura unhoMne samajhaute dvArA rAjanaitika samAja kI sthApanA kI / padmacarita ke anusAra isa avasthA ko tyAgane kA kAraNa samayAnusAra sAdhanoM ko kamI tathA prakRti meM parivartana hone se utpanna huA bhaya thA" / ina saMkaToM ko dUra karane ke lie samaya-samaya para vizeSa vyaktiyoM kA janma huaa| ina vyaktiyoM ko kulakara kahA gayA / rAjya ko utpatti kA mUla ina kulakaroM aura inake kAryoM ko hI kahA jA sakatA hai| T AdipurANa ke anusAra pahale bhogabhUmi thIM / duSTa puruSoM kA nigraha karanA arthAt unheM daNDa denA aura sajjanoM kA pAlana karanA, yaha krama bhoga bhUmi meM nahIM thA; kyoMki usa samaya puruSa niraparAdha hote the" / bhogabhUmi ke bAda karmabhUmi kA prArambha huaa| karmabhUmi meM daNDa dene vAle rAjA kA abhAva hone para prajA mAtsyanyAya kA Azraya karane lagegI arthAt balavAna nirbala ko nigala jAyegA / ye loga daNDa ke bhaya se kumArga kI ora nahIM daur3ege isalie daNDa dene vAle rAjA kA honA ucita hai aura aisA rAjA hI pRthvI jIta sakatA hai / jisa prakAra dUdha dene vAlI gAya se use kisI prakAra kI pIr3A pahu~cAye binA dUdha duhA jAtA hai aura aisA karane se vaha gAya sukhI rahatI hai tathA durune zrA kI bhI AjIvikA calatI rahatI hai, usI prakAra rAjA kI bhI prajA se dhana vasUla karanA cAhie / saha dhana pIr3A dene vAle karoM se vasUla kiyA jA sakatA hai| aisA karane se prajA bhI duHkhI nahIM -

Page #42
32 hotI aura rAjya vyavasthA ke lie yogya dhana bhI saralatA se mila jAtA hai, aisA socakara bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ne kucha logoM ko daNDadhara rAjA banAyA; kyoMki prajAoM ke yoga aura kSetra kA vicAra karanA rAjAoM ke hI AdhIna hotA hai| acche rAjA ke hone para anyAya zabda hI pRthvI para naSTa ho jAtA hai tathA prajA ko bhaya aura kSobha nahIM hote haiM" / rAjya ke aMga- dhanaMjaya ne rAjya ke pramukha aMgoM ko prakRti athavA mUla" kahA hai tathA inakI saMkhyA sAta batalAI hai" / kAmandakIya nItisAra ke anusAra ina sAta prakRtiyoM ke antargata svAmI (rAjA) AmAtya, suhRta, kA varNana Age kiyA jaayegaa| yahA~ prasaMga vazAt rASTra kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai - rASTra - pazu, dhAnya aura hiraNya (svarNa) sampadA jahA~ suzobhita hotI hai use rASTra kahate hai / rASTra se milate julate anya nAmoM kI vyutpatti somadeva ne isa prakAra dI haiM deza - svAmI ko daNDa (sainI) aura koza kI jo vRddhi hai, use deza kahate haiN"| samasta pakSapAtoM meM deza kA pakSapAta mahAn hai / fare - aneka vastue~ pradAna kara jo svAmI (rAjA) ke mahala meM hAthI aura ghor3e bA~ use viSaya kahate haiN| maNDala samasta prakAra kI kAmanAoM kI pUrti ke dvArA rAjA ke hRdaya kA jo maNDala (bhUSaNa) kare use maNDala kahate haiN| janapada - varNa aura Azrama lakSaNa vAle manuSya tathA dravya (dhana-dhAnya) kI utpatti kA jo sthAna ho use janapada kahate haiM / dAraka apane svAmI ke utkarSa kA janaka hone ke kAraNa jo zatruoM ke hRdayoM ko vidIrNa kare use dAraka kahate haiM / nirgama apanI samRddhi ke dvArA jo svAmI ko samasta ApattiyoM se chur3Ae, use nigama kahate 5 | 1 - - janapada ke guNa janapada (rAjya) ke nimnalikhita guNa hai - T. anyonyArakSaka jahA~ para rAjA deza ko aura deza rAjA kI rakSA kare / - 2. jo khanika vastuyeM (sonA, ratna, caudI, tA~bA va lohA Adi ) Akara dravya (gandhaka, namaka Adi ) tathA hAthI rUpa ghana se paripUrNa ho / 9. jisake grAmoM kI janasaMkhyA na bahuta bar3I na bahuta kama ho| 4. jahA~ para bahuta se uttama padArtha (sAra) aneka prakAra ke dhAnya, hiraNya (sonA) aura paNva (vyApArika mAla ) pAyA jAye / 5. jo devamAtRka ho arthAt jahA~ khetI varSA ke pAnI para nirbhara na hokara kuveM, tAlAba, nahara Adi siMcAI ke sAdhanoM para nirbhara ho / 6. jo manuSya aura pazuoM ko hitakara ho / 7. jahA~ para zilpa zUdra (bar3haI, nAI, dhobI Adi) adhikatA se vartamAna hoN| janapada ke doSa janapada athavA deza ke nimnalikhita " doSa hote haiM / 1. ghAsa pAnI rogajanaka hone se viSa ke samAna hAnikAraka honA | 2. jamIna kA Usara honA / 3. jamIna kA patharIlI, kaMTaka mukta tathA pahAr3a, gaDDhe aura guphAoM se vyApta honaa| 4. adhika varSA honA /

Page #43
33 5. sarpa, vahalie aura maleccha kI adhikatA / 6. vRkSoM ke phaloM para adhika nirvAha honA (khetI para adhika nirvAha na honA) 7, kama anna utpanna honA / vaha deza niMdya hai, jahA~ para jIvikA ke sAdhana nahIM hai| isake atirikta jisa deza meM meghoM ke jala dvArA dhAnya hotA hai aura khetI karSaNa kriyA (hala Adi ke dvArA bhUmi ko jotanA) binA hotI hai, vahA~ sadA akAla rahatA hai / rASTra ke kaNTaka - caura, caraTa (deza ke bAhara nikAle gae aparAdhI), anapa ra khetoM yA makAnoM kI mApa karane vAle), dhamana (vyApariyoM kI vastuoM kA mUlya nizcita karane vAle). rAjjA ke prema pAtra, Aravika (vana meM rahane vAle bhIla yA adhikArI), talAra ( chIde choTe sthAnoM meM niyukta kie hue adhikArI), bhola, juArI, maMtrI aura AmAtya Adi adhikArIgaNa) AkSazAlika (juArI), niyogi (adhikArI varga), grAmakUTa (paTavArI) aura kA Sika ( anna kA saMgraha karane vAle vyApArI) ye rASTra ke kaNTaka haiM / ukta rASTra kaNTakoM meM se ana kA saMgraha karake durbhikSa paidA karane vAle vyApArI loga deza meM anyAya kI vRddhi karate haiM tathA taMtra (vyavahAra) evaM deza kA nAza kara dete haiM | vA SikoM (lAbhavaza rASTra kA anna saMgraha kara dakSi paidA karane vAle vyApAriyoM) kI kartavya akartavya meM lajjA nahIM hotI athavA unameM saralatA nahIM hotI haiM ve kuTila svabhAva vAle hote hai jisa deza meM rAjA pratApI tathA kaThora zAma karIvAlA nidara hotA hai, usake rAjya meM rASTra kaNTaka nahIM hote hai | rAjya kA phala - rAjya kA phala dharma (jina kartavyoM ke karane se svarga aura mokSa kI prApti ho|), artha ( jisase manuSya ke sabhI prayojanoM kI siddhi ho") aura kAma jisame samasta indriyoM sparzana, ramanA, prANa, cakSu, kSotra meM bAdhArahita prIti ho") kI prApti hai / ukta phala pradAtA hone ke kAraNa AcArya somadeva ne use namaskAra kiyA hai| rAjya ke kArya - rAjatantra meM rAjA pramukha hotA hai tathA vaha mAre kAryoM kA niyamana karatA hai / ata: rAjA ke kAryoM ko rAjya ke kArya kahA jA sakatA hai| isa dRSTi se rAjya ke pramukha rUpa se nimnalikhita kArya mAne jA sakate haiM 1. gAMva Adi ke basAne aura upabhoga karane vAloM ke yogya niyama banAnA / 2. navIna vastu ke banAne aura purAnI vastuoM kI rakSA karane ke upAya karanA / 3. prajA ke logoM se begAra lenA / 4. aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa denA / 5. janatA se kara vasUla karanA / phuTanoTa 1. nItivAkyAmRta 514 7.chatra cUr3AmaNi 11/8 2. nItivAkyAmRta TIkA 5/4 . 8. uttarapurANa 52/40 3. somadeva: nItivAkyAmRta 5/6 2. jaTAsiMhanandi : varAMgadharita 12/44, 4. yahI 5/7 21/56 5. yahI 5/5 10. vahIM 20/27 6. vahI 5/28 11. vahI 20/62

Page #44
72. vahI 29/23 13. vahI 11/67 14. vahI 29140 15.vahI 8/50 16. vahIM 17167 17. yahI 12144 18. vahIM 21/47 19. yahI 16/11 20. vahIM 11/67 21. vahI 7/11 27 jinasenaH harivaMzapurANa 19/18 23. vahI 19/20 24. vahI 2/2 25. vahI 2/3 26, vahI 2/150 27. vahI 35/68 28. vahI 42183 29. dvi.ma. 2/13 30. dvi.ma. 18/146 31. jinasena : Adi purANa 16/162 32, SahI 16/157 33. vahI 16/152 34. vahIM 34/52 35. vahI 16/151 36. vahI 16/157 37. vahI 16/160 38,AdipurANa 16/162 39. vahI 16/163 40, yahI 16/164 41. vahI 16/165 42. vahI 26/124 43. vAhI 16/166 44. vahI 16/167 .45. vahI 16/169-110 46. vahI 16/171 47. vahI 16/172 48, vahI 16/173 49. vahI 16/175-176 50. AdipurAppa 34/47 51. AdipurANa 34/52 52. dhIranandI: candraprabhacarita 1/13 53. vahIM 1/14 54, bahI 5/6, 1/15 55. vahI 1/18 5 vahI 1/10 /117 5/4/118 57. vahI 5/11 58. vahI 2/117 2/122.1/140 60. vahI 519 61. vahIM 17153 62. vahI 5/7 63. vahI 2/12 64. vahI 2121 65. pukharAja jaina : rAjanIti ke vijJAna ke siddhAnta pR. 100 66. pAcarita 3:49-63 67. pukharAja jaina : rAjanIti vijJAna ke siddhAnta pR. 101 68. pAcarita 3/74 69. vahI 3/85 70. vahI 3788 71. AdipurANa 16/251 72. vahIM 16/252-255 73.AdipurAma 4/169 74, dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 14/1 75. yahI 2/22 76. dvi. ma. 2/11 77. kAmandakIya notisAra 4/1 78. nI. vA. 1971 79. nI. vA. 19/2 B0. vahIM 106 81.nI. vA. 19/3 82. vahI. 1914 83. bahI. 19/5 84. vahI 196 85. vahI 1917 86. vahI 1918 87. nItivAkyAmRta 1919 38. nI. vA. 27/8 89. vahI 19/10 90. nI. vA. 8/21 91. vahI 8/23 92. yahI 8/24 93 vahIM 8/22 94. vahI 1/1 95. vahI 2/1 96. vahI 3/1 97. yahI 1/maMgalAcaraNa 98. Adi purANa 16/168

Page #45
caturtha adhyAya rAjA rAjA kA mahatva - padyacarita meM samasta saMsAra kI maryAdA rAjA dvArA hA surakSita mAno gaI haiM / rAjA dharmoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa hai / rAjA ke bAhubala ko chAyA kA Azraya lekara prajA sutra se AtmadhyAna karatI hai tathA AzramavAsI vidvAna nigakula rahate haiM / jisa deza kA Azraya pAkara sAdhuna tapazcaraNa karate hai, usakI rakSA ke kAraNa rAjA tapa kA chaThA bhAga prApta karatA hai / pRthvItala para manuSyoM ko dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa kA abhilAra hai vaTa gAnAHoM dArA mAmA bhAgoM meM hI prApta hotA hai| rAjA ke hone para jitane zrAvaka Adi satpuruSa haiM ve bhAvapUjA karate haiN| ve aMkura utpanna hone kI zakti se rahita purAne dhAnyAdi dvArA vidhipUrvaka yajJa karate haiM / nirgrantha muni zAnti Adi guNoM se yukta hokara dhyAna meM tatpara rahate haiM tathA mokSa kA sAdhanabhUta uttama tapa tapane haiN| jinamandira Adi sthaloM meM minendra bhagavAn kI bar3I-bar3I pUjAyeM tathA abhiSeka hote haiM 1pRthvotala para o kucha bhI sundara, zreSTha aura sukhadAyaka vastu hai / rAjA hI usake yogya hai / - harivaMza purANa ke anusAra jisa prakAra samudra hajAroM nadiyoM aura uttama ratnoM kI khAna hai. usI prakAra rAjA bhI isa loka meM anarthya vastuoM kI khAna haiM / vaha prabhu hai aura pRthvI kA vaza meM karane vAlA hai| vaha kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, mada evaM mAtsarya ina chaha antaraMga zatruoM kA jotane vAlA tathA dharma, artha, kAmarUpa vivarga kA pravartaka hai" / dharma, artha aura kAmaviSayaka koI bhI vastu use durlabha nahIM hai" | use manuSyoM kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa nRpa pRthvI kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa dhUpa aura prajA ko anuraNjita karane ke kAraNa rAjA kahate haiN| / utama rAjA ke rAjya meM prajA kA saba samaya Ananda se bItatA hai| ghara ke upayoga ke lie sAdhAraNa rIti se taiyAra kiyA huA thor3A sA anna bhI dAna ke samaya dharmAtmAoM ko bhojana meM Ane se sAyaMkAla taka bhI samApta nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra sUrya prakRSTa santApa kA kAraNa hotA hai, usI prakAra rAjA bhI utkRSTa prabhAva kA kAraNa hotA hai / jisa prakAra sUrya apanI kiraNoM se dikacakra ko vyApta kara letA hai, usI prakAra rAjA bhI apane kara (Taiksa) se dikcana ko vyApta karatA hai| uttama rAjA ke vidyamAna hone para / prajA zatruoM kA bhaya chor3a detI hai / nautivettA rAjA pRthvI ko strI ke samAna vaza meM kara letA hai" / nyAyamArga kA khettA hone ke kAraNa kisI viSaya meM visaMvAda ho para loga usake pAsa nyAya ke lie Ate haiN| rAjA kI adhyakSatA meM vidvAnoM ke sAmane loga jaya athavA esajaya ko prApta karate haiN| nyAya dvArA vAda ke samApta ho jAne para vedAnusArI logoM kI pravRtti sandeharahita evaM mantra logoM kA upakAra karane vAlI ho jAtI hai" / rAjA dharma, artha aura kAma meM paraspara bAdhA nahIM pahuMcAtA vAdIbhasiMha ke anusAra rAjA dvArA samasta pRthvI eka nagara ke samAna rakSita hone para rAjannatA (zreSTha rAjA vAlI) aura ratnasa (ratnoM kI khAna) ho jAtI hai | rAjA janma ko chor3akara saba bAtoM meM prajA kA mAsA-pitA hai, usake mukha-duHkha prajA ke AdhIna hai21 rAjA adhaHpatana se hone vAle vinAza se rakSA karatA hai, ata: saMsAra kI mini pArI

Page #46
36 hai, aisA na hone para saMsAra kI sthiti nahIM raha sakatI hai" / uttama rAjA se yukta bhUmi sukha detI hai" / rAjA kI AjJA se bhUmaNDala para kahIM se bhI bhaya nahIM rahatA hai| rAjA kI AjJA ke viparIta pravRtti karane para saccaritra vyaktiyoM kA caritra bhI sthira nahIM rahatA hai| isa loka meM rAjA devoM ko aura prANiyoM kI bhI rakSA karate haiM, kintu deva apanI bhI rakSA nahIM karate haiM, isalie rAjA hI uttama devatA hai" / isa saMsAra meM deva devoM se droha karane vAle prANI ko hI duHkha dete haiM, kintu rAjA rAjadrohiyoM ke vaMza aura dhana daulata Adi ko usI samaya naSTa kara detA hai| rAjA samasta devatAoM kI zakti kA atikramaNa karane vAle hote haiN| jo devatAoM kA apakAra karatA hai vaha parabhava meM vipatti ko prApta hotA hai aura rahIM hotA hai ki rAkeza meM se ceSTA karanA cAhate haiM, una para vicAra karate hI vipata TUTa jAtI hai| samasta sampatti ke sAtha rAjadrohI ke kula kA saMhAra eka sAtha ho jAtA haiN| dUsare loka meM bhI usa pApI kI adhogati hotI hai ajanoM ke jIvana ke upAya ko aura tiraskAra karane vAloM ke nAza ko karane vAlA rAjA agniyoM ke samAna sevana karane yogya hai" / arthAt rAjA apane icchita kArya ke lie prArthanA karane vAloM kI to icchA pUrNa kara dete haiM, kintu apamAna Adi karane vAloM kA nAza kara DAlate haiM, ataH jisa prakAra agni kA Darakara sevana kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra rAjA kI sevA bhI Darakara karanI caahie| rAjA loga cUMki prANiyoM ke prANa hai ataH rAjAoM ke prati kiyA huA acchA aura burA vyavahAra loka ke viSaya meM kiyA huA vyavahAra hI hotA hai"| avivekI manuSyoM ke yAtAyAta se jo khudaH huA hai, apayaza rUpI kIcar3a ke samUha se jo gIlA hai, jo donoM aura phailate hue duHkha rUpI karor3oM 'kA~ToM se vyApta hai, samasta manuSyoM ke vidveSarUpI sA~poM ke saMcAra se jo bhayaMkara haiM aura ananta nindArUpI dAvAgni se jo vyApta haiM, aise rAja viruddha mArga kA sevana ve hI loga karate haiM jo svabhAva se mUr3ha haiM aise manuSya hI saujanya ko chor3ate hue, samasta doSoM kA saMgraha karate hue, kIrti ko dUra haTAte hue, apakIrti ko rakhIkAra karate hue kie hue kArya ko naSTa karate hue, kRtaghnatA ko cillAte hue, prabhutA ko chor3akara, mUrkhatA ko apanAkara, gaurava ko dUrakara, laghutA ko bar3hAkara anartha ko bhI abhyudaya, amaMgala ko bhI maMgala aura akArya ko kArya samajhate haiM"vArtha meM rAjA" garbha kA bhAra dhAraNa karane ke kleza se anabhijJa mAlA, janma kI kAraNapAtratA se rahita pitaH, siddhamAtRkA (varNamAlA) ke upadeza ke kleza rahita guru donoM lokoM kA hita karane meM tatparabandhu. nidrA ke upadrava se rahita netra, dUsare zarIra meM saMcAra karane vAle prANa, samudra meM na utpanna hone vAle kalpavRkSa, cintA kI apekSA se rahita cintAmaNi, kulaparamparA kI Agati ke jAnakAra bhaktoM ke jAnakAra, sevakoM ke premapAtra, vraja kI prajA kI rakSA karane vAle, zikSA karane vAle, zikSA ke uddeza se daNDa dene vAle aura zatrusamUha ko daNDita karane vAle hote haiN| uttarapurANa ke anusAra svAmisampat (rAja sampatti) se yukta rAjA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra cAroM varNoM kA Azraya hai| usake satya se megha kisAnoM ko icchAnusAra barasate haiM aura varSa ke Adi, madhya tathA anta meM boe jAne vAle sabhI dhAnya phala pradAna karate hai" / rAjA ke pRthvI kA pAlana karate samaya jaba surAjya hotA hai to prajA use brahmA mAnakara vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai| jisa prakAra koI gopAla apanI gAya kA acchI taraha bharaNa poSaNa kara usakI rakSA karatA hai aura gAya prasannatA se use dudha dekara santuSTa karatI hai, usI prakAra rAjA bhI pRthvI kA bharaNapoSaNa kara *

Page #47
usakI rakSA karatA hai aura pRthvI bhI use apane ratnAdi sArapadArtha deto he guNavAn rAjA paTeva, buddhi aura udyama ke dvArA svayaM lakSmI kA upArjana kara use sarvasAdhAraNa ke upabhoga karane yogya banA detA hai, sAtha hI svayaM usakA upabhoga karatA hai" / rAjA jaba nyAyapUrvaka prajA kA pAlana karatA hai aura snehapUrNa pRthvI ko maryAdA meM sthita rakhatA hai, tabhI usakA bhUmRtapanA mArthaka hotA hai jisa prakAra mer3hakoM dvArA AsvAdana karane yogya arthAt sajala kSetra aTAraha prakAra ke iSTa dhAnyoM kI vRddhi kA kAraNa hotA hai, usI prakAra (zreSTha) rAjA guNoM ko vRddhi kA kAraNa hotA hai | cU~ki vaha durjanoM kA nigraha aura sajjanoM kA anugraha dveSa athavA icchA ke vaza nahIM karatA hai, kintu guNa aura doSa ko apekSA karatA hai, Ama nAha karate hue pIdaH pratAmA palA / bahasamApakSa ke samAna icchita phala ko detA hai| jisa prakAra paNiyoM kA Akara ( khAna) samudra hai, usI prakAra vaha guNyoM manuSyoM kA Akara hai| candraprabhacarita meM rAjA sarvopari hone ke kAraNa sarvadevamaya hai / vaha zikSA pradAtA hone ke kAraNa guru (bRhaspati), samartha hone ke kAraNa Izvara, naraka nAzaka hone ke kAraNa narakabhita (viSNu), dhana dene vAlA hone ke kAraNa anada (kubera), lakSmI ke nivAsa ke kAraNa kamalAlaya (brahmA}, zItalavacana bolane ke kAraNa ziziraNu (candramA). paMDita hone ke kAraNa budha (budhagraha) aura pUrNajJAnI hone ke kAraNa sugata (busa) mAnA gayA hai| yaha nyAya se manuSyoM kI, vaibhava meM devatAoM ko, vinaya se pUrNakAya yogiyoM ko aura teja se anya rAjAoM ko vismita karatA hai| usake vakSaHsthala meM lakSmI kA donoM bhujAoM meM zreSTavIralakSmI kA, zarIra meM kAnti kA, hRdaya meM kSamA kA aura mukha meM sarasvatI ke aizvarya kA nivAsa sthAna hai| vaha samudra ke samAna ucca, viSNu ke samAnasamartha, candramA ke samAna sundara, munIndroM ke samAna jitendriya, siMha ke samAna zUra,bRhaspati ke samAna buddhimAn aura samudra ke samAna gambhIra hotA hai / ____ AcArya somadeva ke anusAra jo dharmAtmA, kulAbAra va kulInatA ke kAraNa vizuddha pratApo. naitika duSToM se kupita va ziSToM se anurakta hone meM svatantra aura Atmagaurava yukta tathA mampattizAlI ho use svAmI (rAjA) kahate hai / eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai-jo anukUla calane vAloM kI indra ke samAna rakSA karatA hai aura pratikUla calane vAloM ko sajA detA hai use rAjA kahate haiM / samasta prakRti ke loga (mantrI Adi) rAjA ke kAraNa hI apane abhilaSita adhikAra prApta karane meM samartha hote haiM, rAjA ke binA nhiiN"| jina vRkSoM kI jar3e ukhar3a gayo ho, una se puSpa aura phalAdi prApti ke lie kiyA gayA prayatna jisa prakAra saphala nahIM ho sakatA hai usI prakAra rAjA ke naSTa ho jAne para prakRtivarga ke dvArA apane adhikAra prApti ke lie kiyA huA prayatna bhI niSphala hotA hai / jisa manuSya se rAjA kupita ho gayA hai, usa para kauna kupita nahIM hotA hai ? sabhI kupita hote haiM / jo vyakti rAjjA dvArA tiraskRta kiyA jAtA hai, usakA sabhI loga apamAna karane lagate haiM aura rAjasammAnita puruSa ko sabhI loga pUjA karate haiN| rAjA tripuruSa (brahmA, viSNu aura maheza) kI murti hai ata: isase dUsarA koI pratyakSa devatA nahIM hai / svAmI (rAjA) se rahita prakRtivarga samRddha hone para bhI Apatti kA pAra nahIM pA sakate haiM / paripAlaka( rakSA karane vAlA) rAjA dharma ke chaThe bhAga ke phala ko prApta karatA hai / vanavAsI tapasvI bhI apane dvArA saMcita ghAnyakaNoM kA chaThA bhAga dekara rAjA kI unnati kI kAmanA karate haiM aura yaha saMkalpa karate haiM ki jo rAjA

Page #48
tapasviyoM kI rakSA karatA hai usako hI hamAre dvArA AcaraNa kiyA huA tapa yA usakA phala prApta ho / loga yadi apane apane dharma kA ullaghana karane lage to rAjA hI unako rokane meM samartha hotA hai / isa prakAra rAjA kA atyadhika mahattva hai| rAjyAbhiSeka-rAjasiMhAsana para adhiSThita hone se pahale rAjAoM kA rAjyAbhiSeka hotA thaa| isa avasara para aneka rAjA upasthita rahate the / abhiSeka ke samayazaMkha duMdubhi, dakkA. jhAlara, tUrya tathA bAMsuro Adi bAje bajAe Ate " tatpazcAta hone vAlI rAjA ko abhiSeka ke Asana para Arur3hakara cA~dI, svarNa tathA nAnA prakAra ke kalazoM se abhiSeka kiyA jAtA thaa| isake bAda rAjA ko mukura, aMgada, kaiyUra, hAra, kuNDala,Adi se vibhUSita kara divya mAlAoM, vastroM tathA Thatamottama vilepanoM se carcita kiyA jAtA thA / rAjA ke jaya jayakAra kI dhvani lagAI jAtI thii| rAjA ke abhiSeka ke bAda usakI paTarAnI kA abhiSeka hotA thaa| varAMgacarita ke anusAra kisI zubha tithi, karaNa aura muhUrta meM jabaki graha saumya avasthA ko prApta kara unca avasthA meM sthita hote the. usa samaya rAjya prApta karane vAle rAjaputra ko pUrva dizA kI ora mukhakara baiThA diyA jAtA thA / usa samaya Ananda ke bAje bajAe jAte the / sabase pahale aThAraha zreNiyoM ke pradhAnapuruSa sugandhita jala se caraNoM kA abhiSeka karate the / usa jala meM candana ghulA huA hotA thA tathA vividha prakAra ke maNi aura ratna bhI chor3a die jAte the| isake TaparAnta sAmanta rAjA. zreSThabhUpati, bhojapramukha( bhuktiyoM, prAntoM ke adhipati), amAtya, sAMvatsara (jyotiSI, purohita Adi) tathA mantrI Ananda ke gyAtha ratnoM ke kalaza uThAkara kumAra kA mastakAbhiSeka karate the / unake ratnakumbhoM meM bhI pavitra tIrthodaka bharA rahatA thA / anta meM svayaM rAjA yuvarAja pada kA dayotaka paTTa (mukuTa tathA dupaTTA) bAMdhatA thA / mahArAja kA AjJA se ATha cAmaradhAriNI yuvatiyA~ caMbara DhonA prArambha karatI thI / anta meM rAjA bacce se lekara vRddhaparyanta apane kuTumboM aura paricArakoM ko, rAjya ke saba nagaroM, rASTroM (rAjyoM), pastanoM (sAmudrika nagarI). samasta vAhanoM (rathAdi) yAnoM tathA ratnoM ko apane putra ko sauMpa detA thaa| usa samaya vaha upasthita nAgarikoM, karmacAriyoM tathA sAmantoM Adi se yaha bhI kahatA thA ki Apa loga jisa prakAra mere prati sneha se ba~dhe hue citta vAle the savA merI AjJA kA pAlana karate the usI prakAra mere putra para prema kareM aura usake zAsana ko mAne / rAjyAbhiSeka karane vAloM kI zreNI meM bhojapramukhoM ( bhojamukhyAH) kA nAma AyA hai| bhojoM kI zAsana praNAlI bhauyakahalAtI thI, jisakA brAhmaNa granthoM meM ullekha huA hai| isa zAsana praNAlo meM gaNarAjya kI sthApanA mAnya thI / aitareya ke anusAra yaha paddhati sAtvata rAjAoM (yAdavoM) meM pracalita thI / mahAbhArata ke anusAra yAdava logoM kA andhakavRSNi nAmaka saMgha thaa| ata: bhaumya zAsAna gaNarAjya kA eka viziSTa prakAra kA zAsana thaa| vAdIbhasiMha ke kAvyase jJAta hotA hai ki jaba vairAgya Adi ke kAraNa rAjA rAjya kA parityAga karatA thA taba vaha bRhaspati ke samAna kArya karane vAle (buddhi meM zreSTha) mantriyoM, nagaravAsiyoM evaM purohitoM ko bulAtA thaa| unake sAtha mantraNA kara yadi bhAI anukUla huA to bhAI se rAjya saMbhAlane kI yAcanA karatA thaa| yadi vaha bhI virakti Adi ke kAraNa rAjya svIkRta nahIM karatA thA to vaMza

Page #49
-.' ' D meM jyeSTha, zreSTha, guNoM ke pAtra putra ko rAjya detA thaa| isa prakAra rAjya kA svAmI kula kramAgata hotA thA / balabAna zatru yadi rAjya ko jIta letA thA to vaha bhI rAjya kA svAmI hotA thA / aise zatru ko bhI kabhI yadi mUla rAjakIya vaMza kA rAjakumAra mAra detA thA, athavA yuddha meM parAsta kara detA thA to usa rAjakumAra kA hI rAjyAbhiSeka hotA thaa| rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya samasta tIrthoM kA jala lAkara svarNamaya kalazoM se sajA kA abhiSeka kiyA jAtA thA / abhiSeka kA jala uttama auSadhiyoM ke saMsarga se nirmala hotA thaa| isa samaya deva, kinnara tathA vandogaNa taraha taraha ke bAje bajAte the| dUsare rAjA loga abhiSikta rAjA ko praNAma karate the| abhiSikta rAjA apane lAbha se prasannacita puravAsiyoM ko sone kA kar3A, kambala tathA vastra Adi dekara santuSTa karatA thaa| anantara mahatvapUrNa niyuktiyA~ kara vaha caNDAnAdhikArI ke dvArA nimnalikhita ghoSaNA karAtA thAsamocIna dharma vRddhi ko prApta ho / samasta bhUmi kA adhipatirAjA kalyANa se yukta ho cirakAla taka bighnabAdhAoM se pRthvI maMDala kI rakSA kare / pRthvo samasta itiyoM (prAkRtika bAdhAoM) se rahita aura samasta dhAnyoM sahita ho / bhaSya jIva jinAgama ke zraddhAlu, vicAravAn, AcAravAn, prabhAddhAna, aizvaryavAna, dayAlu, dAnI, sadAvidyamAna, gurubhakti, jinabhakti, dIrghaAyu aura harSa se yukta ho / dharma patniyoM dhArmika kArya, pAtivRtya, putra aura vinaya sahita ho' / AdipurANa se patA calatA hai ki yadyapi sAmAnyata: bar3A putra rAjya kA adhikArI hotA thA kintu manuSyoM ke anurAga aura utsAha ko dekhakara rAjA choTe putra ko bhI rAjapaTTa bA~dha detA thA / yadi putra bahuta choTA huA to rAjA use rAjasiMhAsana para baiThAkara rAjya kI saba vyavasthA suyogya mantriyoM ke hAtha sauMpa detA thA / piptA ke sAtha sAtha anya rAjA. anta:pura purohita tathA nagaranivAsI bhI abhiSeka karate the / kramaza: tIdhajala,kaSAyajala,tathA sugandhita jala se abhiSeka kiyA jAtA thA | nagaranivAsI kamalapatra ke bane hue done aura miTTI ke ghar3e se bhI abhiSeka karate the abhiSeka ke anantara rAjA ArzIvAda dekara putra ko rAjyabhAra sauMpa detA thA aura apane mastaka kA mukuTa utArakara uttarAdhikArI ko pahanA detA thA / isa prakAra rAjyAbhiSeka sampanna hotA thA 1 cakravartI ke rAjyAbhiSeka meM battIsa hajAra mukuTabaddha rAjAoM ke Ane kA ullekha prApta hotA hai 1 paTTabandha kI kriyA mantrI aura mukuTabaddha rAjA karate thN| paTTabandha ke samaya yuvarAja rAjasiMhAsana para baiThatA thA, aneka striyAM usa para caMvara DhoratI thI aura aneka prakAra ke AbhUSaNoM se vaha dedIpyamAna hotA thA Adi purANa ke solaha parva meM rAjyAbhiSeka kI vidhi kA sAMgopAMga varNana kiyA gayA hai| candraprabhacarita se jJAta hotA hai ki cakravartI rAjA kA paTTAbhiSekotsaba bar3e ThAThavATa se hotA thA / uttama gandha, dhUpa, puSpa, aura anulepanoM dvArA vItarAga deva kI upAsanA kara ve nidhiyoM aura ratnoM kI pUjA karate the / unake pitA aneka rAjAoM ke sAtha unakA cakravartI ke vaibhava ke anurUpa paTTAbhiSekotsava karate the / usa samaya mitra aura puranAriyo Ananda manAtaM", AkAza se devagaNa puSpavRSTi karate suhRdoM ke mandiroM meM dhvaja phaharAe jAte, zatruoM ke ghara bhAvI vinAza ke mUnaka ketu (buregraha) udita hote, pRthvI para vAravanitAyeM (vezyAyeM) aura svArga meM kinnara baghuyeM sundara nRtya karatI aura gIta gAtI", rAjA ke mandira meM Akara naTa aura gAyaka maMgalagAna karate tathA nabhAGgaNa koyala ke samAna madhura dhvani vAle tumbaru Adi ke gAnoM se vyApta ho jAtA hai.

Page #50
40 kevala chir3akAva karane vAle (vArika) loga hI chir3akAva nahIM karate, apitu bAdala bhI varSAkAra rAjamArgoM kI dhUli ko dabA detA thA" | vardhamAna carita ke anusAra prAyaH rAjA uttArAdhikAra ke rupa meM samasta guNoM ke adivatIya pAtrasvarupa putra ko saupatA thA, kyoMki uttama putra pitA ke anukUla ceSTA se yukta hotA hI hai| putra ke guNoM meM vizeSakara AzritoM ke prati prema racanA. vibhUti kA Azraya honA samasta rAjAoM kI prakRti ko apanI tarapha anurakta rakhanA, prajA ke anurAgako matata bar3hAnA, senA ATi mUlabala kI samunnati karanA, zatruoM kA vizvAsa na karanA Adi pramukha haiM / saMmAra se virakta puruSa bhI kulakramAgata rAjya naSTa nahIM hone tathA lokanindA ke bhaya se anicchuka putra para rAjyabhAra rakhane kA prayAsa karate the| vardhamAnacarita ke dvitIya sarga meM nandivardhana apane rAjya ke anicchuka putra se kahatA hai- tere binA kulakrama se calA AyA yaha rAjya binA mAlika ke yoM hI naSTa ho jaayegaa| yadi gotra kI santAna calAnA iSTa na hotA to mAdhupuruSa bhI putra ke lie spRhA kyoM karate ? nandivardhana svaMya mocalA gayA aura apane putra ko bhI le gayA, apane kula kA usane vinAza kara diyA, aisA kaha kahakara loga merI nindA kareMge / ata: he putra abhI kucha dina taka ghara meM ho raha / isa prakAra kahakara pitA ne apane putra ke mastaka para mukuTa rakha diyA / rAja kA uttarAdhikArI - rAjA ke uttArAdhikArI ke viSaya meM rAjyabhiSeka ke prasaMga meM kahA jA cukA hai ki sAmAnyatayA rAjya kA uttarAdhikArI rAjA ke jyeSTha putra ko banAyA jAtA ko miviyasa putra kI apekSA kaniSTha putra abhivA yogya huA to use rAjasiMhAsanAbhiSikta. kiyA A, thaa| gadhA sa bAhoM sAlArA hotA hai ki kumAra suSeNa yApa vAMga se bar3e the, kintu mahArAja dharmasena ne mantriyoM kI salAha se gharAMga kA hI rAjA banAyA. kyoki kumAra yarAMga adhika yogya the| aise samaya rAjA ko gRhakalaha kA sAmanA karanA par3atA thA / rAjA varAMga ko vimAtrA ko asUyA kA zikAra honA par3A / rAjA dharmasena ne varAMga ko isalie yuvarAja banAyA. kyoMki rAjakumAra varAMga ne saba vidyAoM aura vyAyAmoM ko kevala par3hA hI nahIM thA, apitu unakA AcaraNa karake prayogika anubhava bhI prApta kiyA thA 3 vaha nItizAstra ke samasta aMgo ko jAnane vAlA tathA samasta lalita kalAoM aura vidhividhAnoM meM pAraMgata thA / vRdadhajanoM ko sevA kA use bar3A cAya thaa| usake mana meM saMsAra kA hita karane kI kAmanA thI / vaha buddhimAna aura puruSArthI thA |prjaa ke prati udAra thA | prajA samajhatI thI ki kumAra varAMga, vinamra, kAryakuzala, kRtajJa aura vidvAna hai | mahArAja dharmasena jaba logoM se kumAra ke udAra guNoM kI prazaMsA sunate the to unakA hRdaya prasannatA se AplAvita ho uThatA thaa| aise yogya putra ke kAraNa ve apane ko kRtakRtya mAnate the, kyoMki prajAoM ko sukhI banAnA unheM parama priya thaa| somadeva ne uttarAdhikAra ke sambandha meM apanA mantavya vyakta kiyA hai ki rAjaputra, bhAI. pararAnI ko chor3akara anya rAnI kA putra, cAcA, vaMza kA putra. dauhitra, Agantuka (bAhara se Akara rAjA ke pAsa rahane vAlA dattaka putra) ina rAjyAdhikAriyoM meM se pahale rAjaputra ko aura unake na rahane para bhAI Adi ko yathAkrama se rAjA banAnA caahie| apanI jAti ke yogya garbhAdhAna Adi saMskAroM se hIna puruSa rAjyaprApti va dIkSAdhAraNa kA adhikArI nahIM hai | rAjA ke mara 'mAne para usakA aMgahIna putra usa samaya taka apane pitA kA pada prApta kara sakatA hai, jaba taka ki usako koI dUsarI yogya santAna na ho jaay|

Page #51
1 1. kulakara 3. arddhacakrI rAjAoM ko dinacaryA AdipurANa ke 41 ve parva meM samrATa bharata kI dinacaryA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, isa AdhAra para tatkAlIna rAjAoM ke dainika jIvana kI kriyAoM ke viSaya meM bahuta kucha jAnA jA sakatA hai| rAjA saberai uThakara dharmAtmA puruSoM ke sAtha dharma kA anucintana karate the, pazcAt mantriyoM ke sAtha artha tathA kAmarUpa sampadAoM kA vicAra karate the| ve zaiyyA se uThate hI deva aura guruoM kI pUjA karate the aura maMgala veSa dhAraNakara dharmAsana para Arur3ha hote the| vahA~ rAjA ke dAra aura vicArakara ne adhikAriyoM ko apane apane kAma para lagAte the| isake bAda rAjasabhA ke bIca rAjasiMhAsana para virAjamAna hokara sevA kA avasara cAhane vAle rAjAoM kA sammAna karate the| ve kitane hI rAjAoM ko darzana se, kitanoM ko muskAna se kitanoM ko vArtAlApa se, kitanoM ko sammAna se aura kitanoM ko dAna Adi se santuSTa karate the| vahAM ve para bheTa lekara Ae hue bar3e bar3e puruSoM tathA dUtoM ko sammAnita kara aura unakA kArya pUrAkara unheM vidA karate the / nRtya Adi dikhAne ke lie Ae hue kalAoM ke jAnakAra puruSoM ko bar3e bar3e pAritoSika dekara se santuSTa karate the / anantara sabhA visaMjana karate aura rAjasiMhAsana se uThakara komala krIr3AoM ke sAtha icchAnusAra bihAra karate the| dopahara kA samaya nikaTa A jAne para snAna, bhojana Adi kara aMlakAra dhAraNa karate the| usa samaya parivAra kI striyA~ una para caMvara DholanA. pAna denA aura paira dabAnA Adi ke dvArA unakI sevA karato thii| bhojana ke bAda baiThane yogya bhavana (bhuktottarasthAna) meM kucha rAjAoM ke sAtha baiThakara catura (vidagdha) logoM kI maNDalI ke sAtha vidyA kI carcA karate the| vahAM javAnI ke mada se jinheM uddaNDatA prApta ho rahI thI aisI vAravilAsinI (vezyAyeM) aura priyarAniyA~ unheM cAroM tarapha se ghera letI thI unake sAtha AbhASaNa, paraspara kI bAtacIta aura hAsyapUrNa kathA Adi bhogoM ke sAdhanoM se ne kucha dera taka sukha se baiThate the| isake bAda jaba dina kA cauthAI bhAga zeSa rahatA taba maNijaTita jamIna para Tahalate hue ve cAroM aura rAjamahala kI uttama zobhA dekhate the| ve kabhI kabhI kroDA saciva ( kror3A meM mahAyatA dene vAle logoM) ke kandhoM para hAtha rakhakara idhara udhara ghUmate the| rAta meM yogya kArya karate hue mukhapUrvaka rAtri bitAte the / rAjA ke anya vizeSa kAryoM meM mantriyoM kesAtha mahAla karanA, SADaguNya kA abhyAsa karanA, AvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDanIti kA vyAkhyAna, nidhiyoM aura ratnoM kA nirIkSaNa, dharmazAstra ke vivAda kA nirAkaraNa, arthazAstra aura kAmazAstra meM cAturya, hastintra, azvatantra, Ayurveda, vyAkaraNa, chandazAstra, nimittazAstra, zakunazAstra tantra, mantra, zakuna, jyotiSa kalAzAstra, dharmazAstra Adi meM nipuNatA prApta karanA Adi pramukha the se rAjAoM ke geMda jaina sAhitya meM rAjAoM ke nimnalikhita bheda prApta hote haiM. 2. cakravartI 4. vidyAdhara ( khacara"" khecara" nabhazcara N ) 149 5. mahAmukuTabaddha 6. mukuTabaddha" (maulibaddha 6) 7. mahAmANDalika 176 - yaha cAra hajAra choTe-choTe rAjAoM kA adhipati hotA thA " / 8. maNDaladhipa 10. bhUpAla 17 (nRpa'", pArthiva 123 kSitIza28, bhRgocara 21 ) - " nyn 1 mANDalika "" 9 adhirAja kSoNInAtha 124 bhUpa 125, mahIbhRta", urvIpati, *

Page #52
133 11. yuvarAja 13. aTavIpati 42 12. dvIpapati 14. sAmanta 133 kulakara- karmabhUmi ke Adi meM samacatusra saMsthAna aura vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana se yukta gambhIra tathA udArazIra ke dhAraka caudaha kulakara hue| inako apane pUrvajanma kA smaraNa thA aura inakI manu saMjJA thI / inhoMne maryAdA kI rakSA ke lie hA, mA, dhik ina tIna prakAra kI daNDanItiyoM ko apnaayaa| ye prajA ke pitAtulya aura atyadhika pratibhAzAlI the| prathama kulakara pratizruti thA / vaha mahAn prabhAvazAlI thA / usane prajA ke aneka prAkRtika bhaya dUra kie usane batalAyA ki kAla ke svabhAva meM bheda hone se padArthoM kA svabhAva bhinna ho jAtA hai. usI se prajA ke vyavahAra meM viparItatA A jAtI hai| ataH svajana yA bharajana kAla doSa se mayAMdA kA ullaMghana karane kI ceSTA karatA hai to usake sAtha usake doSoM ke anurUpa hA, mA, dhik tIna dhArAoM kA prayoga karanA hie| tIna dhArAoM se niyantraNa ko prApta manuSya bhaya se trasta rahate haiM ki hamArA koI doSa dRSTi meM na A jAya aura isI bhaya se ve doSoM se dUra haTate rahate haiM " / jisa prakAra guru ke vacana svIkRta kie jAte haiM usI prakAra prajA ne cUMki usake vacana svIkRta kie ataH pRthvI para pratizruti ke nAma se prasiddha huA / pratizruti ke atirikta sanmati kSemaGkara, kSemandhara, sImakara, somanthara, vipulavAhana, cakSuSmAna, yazasvI, abhicandra, candrAbha marudeva, prasenajita tathA nAbhirAja ye teraha kulakara aura hue" | I cakravartI - cakravartI graha khaNDa kA adhipati aura saMprabhutA sampanna hotA hai| bIsa hajAra rAjA isakI adhInatA svIkAra karate hai 2 | harivaMzapurANa meM chaha khaNDa se yukta, bharatakSetra ko jItane vAle cakravartI bharata'" kA varNana milatA hai| ve caudaha mahAratna aura nau nidhiyoM se yukta ho pRthvI kA niSkaTaMka upabhoga karate the 44 / cakra, chatra, khaGga, daNDa, kAkiNI, maNi, tra, senApati, gRhapati, hastI, azva, purohita, dhanapati aura strI ve unake caudaha ratna the aura inameM se pratyeka ko ekaeka hajAra deva rakSA karate the| kAla, mahAkAla, pANDuka, mANava, nausarpa, sarvaratna, zaMkha padama aura piMgala ye cakravartI kI nau nidhiyA~ thiiN| ye sabhI nidhiyoM avinAzI thIM aura niNipAla nAmaka devoM ke dvArA surakSita thIM tathA nirantara logoM ke upakAra meM AtI thI / yaha gAr3I ke AkAra thI. cAra-cAra bhauroM aura ATha-ATha pahiyoM sahita thii| nau yojana caur3I, bAraha yojana lambI, ATha yojana gaharI aura vakSAragirI ke samAna vizAla kukSi se sahita thiiN| pratyeka ko eka eka hajAra yakSa nirantara dekha rekha karate the / 132 pahalI kAlanidhi meM jyotiSazAstra, nimittazAstra, nyAyazAstra, kalAzAstra, vyAkaraNa zAstra evaM purANa kA sadbhAva thaa| dUsarI mahAkAla nidhi meM vidvAnoM dvArA nirNaya karane yogya pancaloha Adi nAnA prakAra ke lohoM kA sadbhAva thaa| tIsarI pANDuka nidhi meM zAli, brIhi, jau Adi samasta prakAra kI dhAnya tathA kahue carapare Adi padArthoM kA sadbhAva thaa| cauthI mANavaka nidhi kavaca, DhAla, talavAra, bANa, zakti, dhanuSa, cakra Adi nAnA prakAra ke divya zastroM se paripUrNa thauM / pA~cavI sarpanidhi zayyA, Asana Adi nAnA prakAra kI vastuoM tathA ghara ke upayoga meM Ane vAle nAnA prakAra ke bhAjanoM kI pAtra thI / chaThavIM sarvaratna nidhi indranIlamaNi, mahAnIlamaNi, bajramaNi vaiDyamaNi Adi bar3I-bar3I zikhA ke dhAraka uttamottama ratnoM se paripUrNa thii| sAtavIM zaMkha nidhi bherI, zaMkha, nagAr3e, vINA, jhallarI, mRdaMga Adi AghAta se tathA phU~kakara bajAne yogya nAnA prakAra ke bAjoM

Page #53
se pUrNa thI / AThavauM padmanidhi paTAmbara, bIna, mahAnetra, dukUla, uttama kambala tathA aneka prakAra ke raMga biraMge vastroM se paripUrNa thIM / nauvIM piMgalanidhi kar3e tathA kaTisUtra Adi strI puruSoM ke AbhUSaNa aura hAthI, ghor3A Adi ke alaMkAroM se paripUrNa thI, ye nau nidhiyA~ kAmavRddhi nAmaka gRhapatti ke AdhIna thI aura sadA cakravartI ke manorathoM ko pUrNa karatI thIM / cakravatI ke tIna sau sATha rasoiyA the, jo pratidina kalyANakArI sIthoM se yukta AhAra banAte the| eka hajAra cAvaloM kA eka kavala hotA hai aise battIsa kavala pramANa cakravartI kA AhAra thA, cakravartI kI rAnIsubhadrA kA AhAra eka kavala thA aura eka kavala anya samasta logoM kI tRpti ke lie paryApta thA / cakravartI ke ninyAnave hajAra citrakAra the, battAsa hajAra mukuTabaddha rAjA aura utane hI deza the tathA nyAnave hajAra rAniyA~ rthI / eka karor3a hala, tIna karor3a kAmadhenu gAyeM, vAyu ke samAna vegazAlI aTThAraha karor3a ghor3e, matta evaM dhIre-dhIre gamana karane vAle caurAsI lAkha hAthI aura utane hI uttama ratha the | bhAjana, bhojana, zayyA. senA, vAhana, Asana, nidhi, ratna. nagara aura nATya ye daza prakAra ke bhoga the| AdipurANa meM cakravartI ke rAjarAja adhirAT aura samrAT vizeSaNa bhI prApta hote haiN| yaha chaha khaNDa kA aviptiH| aura rAjarSiyoM kA nAyaka sArvabhauma rAjA hotA thaa| caurAsI lAkha hAthI, caurAsI lAkha rathaMga, battIsa hajAra mukuTa baddha rAjA, battIsa hajAra dezA* 96000 rAniyo', battIsa hajAra nagara', 96 karor3a gAMva'". 99 hajAra droNamukhA, 48 hajAra pattana". solaha hajAra kheTa, 56 antaMdvIpa, 14 hajAra saMvAha"", eka lAkha karor3a hala tIna karor3a vRkSA, sAta sau kukSivAsa, (jahA~ ratnoM kA vyApAra hotA hai), aTThAIsa hajAra saghana vana, aThAraha hajAra pleccharAjA, nau nidhiyA~, caudaha ratna aura daza prakAra ke bhogoM kA yaha svAmI hotA hai / Adi purANa saitIsaveM parva meM usakI nau nidhiyAM, caudaha ratna, daza prakAra ke bhoga tathA anya vaibhava kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| usakA zarIra bajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana kA hotA hai tathA zarIra para causaTha lakSaNa hote haiM / vardhamAna carita ke 14veM tathA candraprabhacarita ke sAtaveM sagaM meM cakravatI kI vibhUti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jo uparyukta varNana se milatA julatA hai| zukranIti meM sAmanta, mANDalika, rAjA, mahArAja, svarAT, samrATa, virAT tamA sArva bhauma (cakravatI) rAjAoM ko tAlikA dI gaI hai / tadanusAra sAmanta jI vArSika bhUmikara se Aya / lAkha, mANDalika kI Aya 4 lAkha se 10 lAkha tathA rAjA kI Aya 11 lAkha se 20 lAkha, mahArAja kI Aya 21 lAkha se 50 lAkha, varATa ko Aya 51 lAkha se 1 karor3a, samrAT kI Aya 2 karor3a se 10 karor3a, virATa kI Ava 11 karor3a se adhika cA~dI kI kApiNa hotI thI aura imase Upara kI Aya vAle ko sArvabhauma kahA jAtA thA / kauTilya ke anusAra himAlaya se lekara dakSiNa samudra paryanta pUrva-pazcima dizAoM meM eka hajAra yojana taka phailA huA aura-pazcima kI sImAoM ke bIca kA bhUbhAga cakravatI kA kSetra kahalAtA thA arthAta itanI pRthvI para rAjya karane vAlA rAjA cakravartI hotA thaa| arddhacakrI - isa rAjA kA vaibhava cakravatI ke se AdhA mAnA gayA hai / harivaMzapurANa meM arddhacakrI kRSNa kI vibhUti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, tadanusAra unake pAsa zatruoM kA mukha nahIM dekhane vAlA sudarzanacakra, apane zabda se zatrupakSa ko kampita karane vAstA zAGgadhanudha, saunandaka khaDga, kaumudI gadA, zatruoM para vyartha nahIM jAne vAlI amocamUlA zakti, pAJcajanyazaMkha aura

Page #54
vizAla pratApa ko prakaTa karane vAlA kostubhamaNi ye sAta ratna the / solaha hajAra pramukha rAjA aura ATha hajAra bhaktagaNa baddha deva unakI nirantara sevA karate the aura unakI solaha hajAra striyA~ thI / vidyAdhara - vidyAbala se sampanna rAjA vidyAdhara kahalAte the / harivaMza purANa ke zabdosaveM sarga meM gairika, gAnpAra, mAnava putraka, manu putraka, mUlavIrya, antaramUmicara,zaMkuka, kauzika, mAtaMga, zmasAnanilaya, pANDuka, kAlazvapAkI, zvapAkI, pAvateya, vaMzAlaya, tathA vArzamalika nAmaka vidyAdharoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / siddhakUTa jinAlaya meM vandanA ke lie gae hue vamudeva ko madanavegara ne ina vidyAgharoM kA paricaya isa prakAra karAyA - jo hAtha meM kamala lie tathA kamaloM kI mAlA dhAraNa kiye hamAre stambha ke Azraya baiThe haiM ve gaurika nAma ke vidyAdharI haiM / lAlA mAlAyeM dhAraNa kiye tathA lAla kambala ke bastroM ko pahine hue mAnmAra khammA kA Azraya gAndhAra jAti ke vidhAnara baite haiN| jo nAnASaNoM se yukta evaM svarNa ke samAna pIle vastroM ko dhAraNa kara mAna stambha ke sahAre baiThe haiM ve mAnava putraka vidyAghara haiN| jo kucha kucha lAla vastroM se yukta evaM maNiyoM ke dedIvyamAna AbhUSaNoM se susajjita ho mAna stambha ke sahAre baiThe haiM ve panuputraka vidyAdhara haiN| nAnA prakAra kI auSadhiyAM jinake hAtha meM haiM tathA jo nAnA prakAra ke AbhUSaNa aura mAlAyeM pahinakara auSadhistambha ke sahAre baiThe haiM ve malavIrya vidyAdhara haiM / saba RtuoM ke phUloM kI sugandhi se yukta, dApaya AbharaNa aura mAlAoM ko dhAraNakara jo bhUmimaNDapa stambha ke samIpa baiThe haiM ve antabhUpicara vidyAdhara haiM / jo citravicitra kuNDala pahane tathA sAkAra bAjubandoM se suzobhita ho zaMku stambha ke samIpa baiThe haiM khe zaMkuka nAma vidyAdhara haiM / jinake mukuToM para seharA baMdhA huA hai tathA jimake maNimaya kuNDala dedIpyamAna ho rahe haiM / aise kauzika stamma ke Azraya kauzika jAti ke vidyAdhara baiThe haiN| yaha Arya vidyAgharoM kA paricaya hai| mAtaMga vidyAdharoM ke nikAyoM kA paricaya yaha ho - jo nIle meghoM ke samAna zyAmavarNa hai tathA nIle vastra aura nIlI mAlAyeM pahine haiM ve mAtaMga stambha ke samIe baiThe mAMtaga vidyAdhara haiM / jo zmasAna kI haDDiyoM se nirmita AbhUSaNoM ko dhAraNakara bharama se dhUli dhUsara haiM ve zmasAna stambha ke Azraya baiThe hue zmasAna nilayanAmaka vidyAdhara haiM / ye jo nIlamaNI aura vaiDUryamaNi ke samAna vastroM ko dhAraNa kie hue haiM tathA pANDura stambha ke samIpa Akara baiThe haiM ye pANDuka nAmaka vidyAdhara haiM jo ye kAlImRgacarma ko dhAraNa kie tathA kAle namar3e se nirmita vastra aura mAlAoM ko pahine hue kAla stambha ke pAsa Akara baiThe haiM ve kAla zvapAkI vidyAdhara haiM / jo pIle pole kezoM se yukta haiM, tapAe hue svarNa ke AbhUSaNa pahine haiM aura zvapAko vidyAoM ke stambha ke sahAre baiThe haiM ve zvapAkI vidyAdhara haiM / jo vRkSoM ke pattoM ke samAna hare raMga ke vastroM se AcchAdita hai tathA nAnA prakAra ke mukuTa aura mAlAoM ko dhAraNa kara pArvata stambha ke sahAre baiThe haiM ve pArvateya nAma se prasiddha hai / jinake AbhUSaNa bAMsa ke pattoM se bane hue haiM tathA jo santra RtuoM ke phUloM kI mAlAoM se yukta ho vaMzastamma ke Azraya se baiThe haiM ve vaMzAlaya vidyAdhara mAne gae haiM / jinake uttamottama AbhUSaNa mahAsoM ke zobhAyamAna cinhoM se yukta haiM tathA jo vRkSa mUla nAmaka mahAstambhoM ke Azraya baiThe haiM ve vArzamUlaka nAmaka vidyAdhara hai||

Page #55
45 uparyukta varNana se mAra hai ki yahA~ vidyAvaroM ke Arya aura mAsaMga nAmaka dAveda the aura ina do bhedoM ke bhI prabheda the / ye apane-apane nizcita veSa meM hI bhramaNa karate the aura AbhUSAgoM ko apane apane cinhoM se oNkata rakhate the | pratyeka kA apanA apanA stambha thA jisakA Azrayakara ye baiMThate the aura tattat stambhoM ke AdhAra para hI inake nikAyoM ke nAma prasiddha ho gye| ye stambha vidyA nirmita hote the vidhudavega kA gaurI vidyAoM ke stambha kA sahArA lekara baiThane me yaha kathana siddha hotA ho / vidyAbala se AkAza meM gamana karane kI zakti ke kAraNa inake lie khecara zabda kA upayoga huA hai| mahAmANDalika- maNDala kA prazAsaka mahAmaNDalezvara (mahAmANDalika) kahA jAtA thaa| parantu kabhI kabhI choTe prabheda para bhI hameM mahAmaNDalezvara zAsana karate milate haiN| sambhavata: impakA kAraNa yahI pratIta hotA haiM ki ye choTe pradeza yA to inakI vyaktigata sampatti the adhavA rAjA kI ora se upahAra die jAte the / jayasiMha ke zAsanakAla meM dadhiprada maNDala ke mahAmaNDalezvara vapanadeva the| mahAmaNDalezvara kI niyukti kendriya sarakAra dvArA hotI thI / sAdhAraNatayA kisI rAjavaMza kA athavA atyanta vizvasanIya vyakti hI isa pada para niyukti kiyA jAtA thA / dohadra-prastara lekha se patA calatA hai ki mahAmaNDalezvara vapanadeva kI kRpA se rANAzaMkara siMha pahAn pada kA prApta kara sake / sambhavata: mahAmaNDalezvaroM kA sthAnAntaraNa eka maNDala se dUsare maNDala meM kiyA AtA thA aura pratyeka nae rAjA ke Agamana para isameM sAdhAraNatayA yA to parivartana hotA thA. yA unheM sthAyA kara diyA jAtA thaa| maNDalAdhiya (mANDalika)- zukranIti ke anusAra mANDalika rAjA una kahate the. jinako Aya 4 lAkha se 10 lAkha cA~dI ke kArpopaNa hotI thii| ye maNDala ke svAmI hote the maNDala zAmana kI sabase bar3I ikAI thI jisako samAnatA Adhunika prAnta se kI jA sakatA hai| sAmanta- dautyakAyaM tathA vibhinna buddhoM ke prasaMga meM sAmantoM kA ullekha padamacarita meM AyA hai| eka bAra janna rAvaNa ke mantriyoM ne sakhaNa se rAma ke sAtha sandhi karane kA Agraha kiyA taya rAvaNa ne bacana diyA ki Apa loga jaisA kahate haiM vaisA hI karuMgA / isake bAda mantra ke jAnane vAle mantriyoM ne santuSTa hokara atyanta zobhAyAna evaM nItinipuNa sAmanta ko sandeza dekara zoghra hI dUta ke rUpa meM bhejane kA nizcaya kiyaa|54 4 usa sAmanta dUta kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki vaha buddhi meM zukrAcArya ke samAna thA, mahAojasvI aura pratApI thA / rAjA loga isakI bAna mAnate the tathA vaha karNapriya bhASaNa karane meM nipuNa thaa| vaha sAmanta santuSTa svAmI ko praNAma kara jAne ke lie udyata huaa| apanI buddhi ke bala se yaha samasta loka kI goSpada ke samAna tumbar3a dekhatA thA' | jaba baha jAne lagA taba nAnA zAstroM se yukta eka bhayaMkara senA jo usakI buddhi se hI mAno nirmita thI, nirbhaya ho usake sAtha ho gaI / dUta kI turaho kA zabda sunakara vAnara para ke sainika kSubhita ho gaye aura rAvaNa ke Ane ko zaMkA karate hue bhayabhIta ho AkAza kI aura dekhane lage | sajA ativIrya ne jisa samaya bharata para AkramaNa karane ke lie pRthvIdhara rAjA ke pAsa saMdeza bhejA, apanI taiyArI kA varNana karate hue vaha likhatA hai ki isa pRthvI para mere jo sAmanta haiM ve khajAnA aura senA ke sAtha mere pAsa hai / isa saba uslekhoM se sAmanta kI mahattA spaSTa hotI hai|

Page #56
16 kauTilya arthazAstra meM sAmanta zabda par3ausI rAjya ke rAjA ke lie AyA hai / zukranIti ke anusAra jisakI vArSika Aya ( bhUmi se) eka lAkha cA~dI ke kArSApaNa hotI thI, vaha sAman kahalAtA thA" / vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne sAmanta saMkhyA kA vikAsa aise madhyastha adhikAriyoM se batalAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai, jinheM choTe moTe rajavAr3oM ke samasta adhikAra sauMpakara zAhAnuzAhiyA mahArAjadhirAja yA bar3e samrAT zAsana kA prabandha calAte the / yuddha ke prasaMga meM rakSA, hAthI, siMha, sukara, kRSNamRga, sAmAnyamRga, sAmara, nAnA prakAra ke pakSI, baila. U~Ta, ghor3e, bhaiMsa Adi vAhanoM para savAra, siMha, vyAghra, hAthiyoM " Adi se jute rathoM para savAra tathA ghor3oM ke vega kI taraha tIvra gati vAle 5 sAmantoM kA ullekha padmacarita meM huA hai| sAmantarAjA ke pAsa durga aura senA rahatI thii| kabhI kabhI vaha ahaMkAravaza apane svAmI ke sAtha bagAvata kara baiThatA thaa| jayapura ke rAjA siMhakumAra ke prati durbhAti nAma ke par3ausI ATavika sAmantarAja kI bagAvata kA ullekha haribhadra ne vistAra se kiyA hai 197 / haribhadra ke varNana se spaSTa hai ki sAmanta ke pAsa apanI senA rahatI thI, vaha apane DhaMga se rAjya kI vyavasthA karatA thA aura apane svAmI ko kara detA thA / madhyakAla meM sAmantoM kI Aya baTa gaI thii| aparAjita pRcchA ke anusAra laghusAmanta kI Aya 5 sahastra, sAmanta kI 10 sahastra, mahAsAmanta yA sAmantamukhya kI 20 sahastra honA caahie| samaya Ane para prAyaH sAmanta apanI svAmI rAjAoM kI yuddha meM sahAyatA karate the aura phalasvarupa puraskAra ke adhikArI hote the| sAmanta aura mahAsAmantoM kA rAjya meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hotA thaa| apane pati dakSaprajApita se ruSTa hokara ilA devI mahAsAmantoM se ghirI hokara apane aileya ko le durgama vana meM calI gaI (harivaMzapurama 17/17) | dvIpapati- dvIpoM ke svAmI ko dvIpapati kahate the / bhUcaraNa - vidyAbala se rahita rAjAoM ko bhUcara kahA jAtA thaa| prAcIna AcAryoM ne prakArAntara se rAjAoM ke tIna bheda kie haiM1. dharmavijayI - 2. lobhavijayI 3. asuravijayI 1. dharmavijayI rAjA :- jo rAjA prajA para niyata kie hue kara se hI santuSTa hokara usake prANa, dhana va mAna kI rakSA karatA huA anyAya pravRti nahIM karatA hai- usake prANa va dhanAdi naSTa nahIM karatA hai, use dharmavajayI rAjA kahate haiM / 2. lobhavijayI rAjA :- jo kevala dhana se hI prema rakhakara prajA ke prANa aura mAla maryAdA kI rakSArtha usake sAtha anyAyapUrNa vyavahAra nahIM karatA, use lobhavijayI kahate kRS I 3. asuravijayI rAjA :- jo prajA ke prANa aura sammAna kA nAzapUrvaka zatru kA vadha karake usakI bhUmi cAhatA hai, use asuravijayI kahate nItivid apanA kArya siddha karane ke lie pahale ko dAna denA, dUsare ke sAtha zAnti kA vyavahAra karanA aura tIsare ke lie bhedra aura daNDa kA prayoga karAnA, yahA~ ThIka upAya bata cha / somadeva ne dUsare ke mata ke anusAra kArya karane vAle aura aparAdhiyoM ke ardhamAna va prANamAna kI parIkSA kie binA prANaghAta karane vAle rAjA ko asuravRtti kahA hai| jisa bhUmi kA rAjA

Page #57
47 asuravRtti nahIM hai, vaha rAjanvato ( zreSTha rAjA se yukta) kahI jAtI haiN| jisa prakAra nAgAra ( cANDAlagRha) maiM praviSTa hue hiraNa kA vadha hotA hai, usI prakAra asuravRtti rAjA ke Azraya se prajA kA nAza hotA hai / rAjAoM kA eka anya vargIkaraNa bhI milatA hai 1 zatru rAjA 2- mitra rAjA aura 3- udAmIna rAjA / zatru aura mitra kI apekSA rAjAoM ke bheda zatru aura mitra kI apekSA rAjA cAra prakAra ke hote haiM-- (1) zatru (2) mitra (3) zatru kA mitra (4) mitra kA mitra / acche mitra se sabakucha siddha hotA hai 12 / zatru kA kitanA hI vizvAsa kyoM na kiyA jAya, vaha anta meM zatru hI rahatA hai| - rAjAoM ke mitra - rAjya ke sAta aMgoM meM mitra kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / rAjAoM ko vijaya va parAkrama bahuta kucha usake mitra rAjAoM para avalambita rahatA hai| varuNa ko parAjita karane ke lie rAvaNa ne vijayArddha parvata kI dono zreNiyoM meM nivAsa karane vAle vidyAdharoM ko sahAyatA ke lie bulAyA 14 mitra aura zatru rAjA kI pahacAna bar3I mantraNA aura kasauTI ke bAda taya kI jAtI thii| vibhISaNa jaba rAma kI zaraNa meM AyA taba rAma ne nikaTastha maMtriyoM se salAha kii| matikAnta nAmaka mantrI ne kahA ki sambhavataH rAvaNa ne chala se ise bhejA hai, kyoMki rAjAoM kI veSTA bar3I vicitra hotI hai / paraspara ke virodha se kaluSatA ko prApta huA kula jala kI taraha phira se svacchatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| isake bAda matisAgara mantrI ne kahA ki logoM ke mu~ha se sunA hai ki ina donoM bhAiyoM meM virodha ho gayA hai| sunA jAtA hai ki vibhISaNa dharma kA pakSa grahaNa karane vAlA hai, mahAnItivAn hai, zAstrarUpI jala se usakA abhiprAya ghulA huA hai aura nirantara upakAra karane meM tatpara rahatA hai. isameM bhAIpanA kAraNa nahIM haiM, kintu karma ke prabhAva se hI saMsAra meM yaha vicitratA haiM, isalie dUta bhejane vAle vibhISaNa ko bulAyA jaay| isake viSaya meM yoni sambandhI dRSTAnta spaSTa nahIM hotA arthAta eka yoni se utpanna hone ke kAraNa jisa prakAra rAvaNa duSTa hai| usI prakAra vibhISaNa bhI duSTa honA cAhie, yaha bAta nahIM hai" / matisAgara mantrI kA kahanA mAnakara rAma ne tribhISaNa ko jabaki vaha nizchalatA kI zapatha khA cukA, yatheSTa AzvAsana dekara apanI ora milAyA 1* / eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai ki duSTa mitroM ko mantra doSa, asatkAra, dAna, puNya, apanI zUravIratA, duSTasvabhAva aura mana kI dAha nahIM batalAnI cAhie"" / varaMgacarita ke anusAra isa saMsAra meM kisI bhI vyakti ko apane mAtA, pitA, dharmapatnI, aurasa putra, atyanta ghaniSTa bandhu bAndhava yA sevaka ghara utanA vizvAsa nahIM karanA cAhie, jitanA ki eka dRr3ha mitra para karanA cAhie" / zakti sampanna hote hue bhI apane prati anurAga rakhane vAle mitra kisI ko milatA hI nahIM hai| bhAgya se yadi koI aisA mitra mila jAya to samajhie ki sArI pRthvI usake hAtha laga gii| Apatti meM par3e hue vyakti ko cAhie ki kisI AzA se bandhu bAndhavoM tathA mitroM ke pAsa na jaay| use aisI sthiti meM dekhakara ve loga kheda khinna hoMge aura zatruoM kI upahAsa karane kA avasara milegaa| mitra ke prati sadaiva sadbhAva rakhanA cAhie tathA usake anukUla kArya karane kA prayatna karanA caahie| kisI kI sammati ke anusAra viparIta kArya karane se mitra bhI zatru ho jAya, use kAryajJa nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| kisI zakti sampanna vyakti

Page #58
48 ke sAtha pahile kabhI sandhi na huI ho, bAda meM vaha sandhi karatA hai to usake mitra usa para vizvAsa nahIM karate tathA sambandha ke prayojana ko bhI vikRta rUpa diyA jAtA hai / jo vyakti rAjA athavA usake zAsana ke virUddha SaDyantra nahIM karatA hai| anarthoM ko zAnta karatA hai, yuddha meM sthira buddhi kA parityAga nahIM karatA hai, yuddha meM jo sahAyatA detA hai hitakArI pravRtti hetu prabuddha karane ke lie jo yuktimatI nIti ko dazAMtA hai, vahI bandhu hai. vaha putra hai, vahI mitra hai tathA zreSThatama guru bhI vahI hai, yaha bAta loka meM prasiddha haiM 1 mitra do prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. svAbhAvika 2. kRtrima 1 akRtrima snehI mambandhI svAbhASika mitra hotA hai, kintu jo kRtrima mitra hotA hai vaha phalavAna hotA hai, ataH udAra hRdaya mitra banAnA cAhie 2" | RrivaMza purANakAra AcArya jinasena ne kahA hai ki sabhI loga prANatulya sakhA yA mitra ke lie mana kA duHkha bauTakara mukhI ho jAte haiM; yaha jagata kI rIti hai| mitra para Apatti Ane ke samaya mitra dukhI ho jAtA hai * / mitramaMDala ke pratAparahita ho asta ho jAne para udyamA~ manuSya bhI udyama rahita ho jAte haiM / mitratA duSTa manuSya se nahIM karanI cAhie; kyoMki duSTa manuSya se kI gaI mitratA rAgarahita hotI hai| sajjanoM se maitrI karanA cAhie; kyoMki sajjana se kI gaI maitrI uttarottara bar3hatI rahatI haiN| disaMdhAna mahAkAvya meM do prakAra ke mitra kahe gae haiM- 1. kAryakRta 2. janmajAta ( yonija) / jo kisI kArya ko pUrA kara dene para yA usameM sahAyatA dene ke kAraNa mitra bana jAte haiM. unheM kAryakRta aura jo vaMza paramparAgata mitra hoM, unheM yonija yA janmajAta kahate haiM | AcArya kauTilya ke anusAra mitra aise hone cAhie jo vaMzaparamparAgata ho, sthAnI ho, apane vaza meM raha sakeM aura jinase virodha kI sambhAvanA na ho tathA prabhu Adi zaktiyoM se yukta jo samaya Ane para sahAyatA kara sakeM / uttarapurANa meM rAjA kI sAta prakRtiyoM meM mitra kA sthAna nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| svAmI, AmAtya, janasthAna (deza), daNDa, koza, gupti (gar3ha) aura mitra ye rAjA kI sAta prakRtiyA~ hai| candraprabhacarita meM kahA gayA hai ki vanya vahI hai jo saMkaTa meM kAma aaye| vahI rAja hai jo prajA kA pAlana kare, vahI mitra hai jo Apatti meM kAma aae| vahI kavi hai jisakI ukti nIrasa na ho" / yathArtha meM mitra vahI hai jo mitra ke sukha duHkha ko apanA hI sukha duHkha samajhe2 34 | isI ko somadeva ne isa rUpa meM kahA hai ki jo puruSa sampattikAla kI taraha vipattikAla meM bhI sneha karatA hai, vaha mitra hai / mitra tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. nityamitra 2. sahajamitra 3. kRtrima mitra / I nityamitra - jo kAraNa ke binA hI ApattikAla meM paraspara eka dUsare ke dvArA bacAe jAte haiM, ve nityamitra haiM / sahajamitra - vaMzaparamparA ke sambandha se yukta puruSa sahajamitra haiM / kRtrima mitra - jo vyakti apanI udarapUrti aura prANarakSA ke lie apane svAmI me vetana Adi lekara sneha karatA hai vaha kRtrima mitra haiM 23 / mitra ke guNa:- mitra ke nimnalikhita guNa - 1. saMkaTa par3ane para mitra kI rakSArtha upasthita honA 1 2. mitra ke dhana ko na har3apanA /

Page #59
. 3. mitra kI strI ke 4. mitra ke krodhita mitra ke doSa : 1. mitra dvArA kucha 3. pitta meM 4. zatruoM se 5. gulakapaTa 7. mitra kI 9. sadaiva 49 nA na rakhanA athavA prasanna hone kI sthiti meM usase IrSyA na rkhnaa| n doSa nimnalikhita haiM / jAne para sneha rkhnaa| 2. svArthatA / karanA / jAnA ( vizvAsaghAta karanA - nI. vA. 27/10 ) 6. chipA rakhanA dRSTi rakhanA 18 vivAda karanA / karanA aura svayaM kucha na denA / 10. dhanasambandha rakhanA / 11. padako prakaTa karanA(no. vA. 11 /53) 12. karanA / - AdarzamekI mitra nahIM hai, jo mila mAtra se hI usakI vRddhi kara detA hU~ aura agni parIkSA ke samaya apanA nAza karake bhI dUdha kI rakSA karatA hai / isI prakAra saccA mitra honA caahie| saMsAra meM pazu bhI upakArI ke prati kRtajJa va viruddha na calane vAle hote haiM, kintu manuSya prAya: viparIta calane vAle dekhe jAte haiN| somadeva ne isakA eka udAharaNa diyA hai ki kisI dhana meM ghAsa se Dhake hue kuye meM bandara sarpa, zera, eka juArI aura sunAra gira pdd'e| kisI kAMkAyana nAmaka pazcika ne unheM bAhara nikaalaa| unameM se saba jA lekara bAhara nikala gae kintu juArI ne usake sAtha mitratA kara vizAlA nAmaka nagarI meM sAta samaya use mArakara usakA dhana chIna liyA / maitrI ke ayogya puruSa jisake vyavahAra se mana phaTa cukA ho usake sAtha mitratA nahIM karanA cAhie 43 | eka bAra phaTe hue mana ko sphaTika ke kaMkar3a ke samAna koI bhI jor3ane meM samartha nahIM hai244 | mahAn upakAra se bhI mana meM utanA adhika sneha upakArI ke prati nahIM hotA, jitanA adhika mana thor3A sA apakAra karane se phaTa jAtA hai | ataH kisI bhI anukUla mitra ko zatru na banAe 46 / rAjA ke adhikAra :- rAjA koza, durga, senA Adi kA upayoga karatA hai, vaha kisI mahAbhaya kesamaya prajA kI rakSA karane ke lie dhanasaMcaya karatA hai aura prajA ko sanmArga meM calAne ke lie yogya daNDa detA haiM | rAjA apane deza meM sarvAdhikAra sampanna vyakti hai usakI AjJA samasta manuSyoM se ullaghaMna na kie jAne vAle prAkAra ke samAna hoto he rAjakIya aizvarya kA phala prajA dvArA rAjA kI AjJA kA pAlana kiyA jAnA hai?* rAjA ke karttavya 1. nyAyapUrNa vyavahAra nyAyapUrNa vyavahAra karane vAle rAjA ko isa saMsAra meM yaza kA lAbha hotA hai, mahAn vaibhava ke sAtha sAtha pRthvI kI prApti hotI hai aura paraloka meM abhyudaya ( svarga ) kI prApti hotI hai / vaha krama se tInoM lokoM ko jIta letA hai * / nyAya ko dhana kahA gayA hai|

Page #60
...-.-- - - - - - - --- -- = = = = nyAya pUrvaka pAlana kI huI prajA (manorathoM ko pUrNa karane vAlo) kAmadhenu ke yamAna mAno gaI hai:! nyAya do prakAra kA hai 1. duSToM kA nigraha karanA 2. ziSTa puruSoM kA pAlana karanA / eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai-dharma kA ullaghaMna na kara dhana kamAnA, rakSA karanA bar3hAnA aura yogya pAtra meM dAna denA, ina cAra prakAra kI pravRtti ko majjanoM ne nyAya kahA hai nayA jana prama ke anusAra pravRtti karanA saMsAra meM sabase uttama nyAya mAnA gayA hai| anyAyapUrvaka AcaraNa karane meM rAjAoM kI vRtti kA loya ho jAtA hai| 2. kula pAlnana - kulAmnAya kI rakSA karanA aura jala ke yogya AcaraNa kI rakSA kAra kulaNalana kahalAtA hai| rAjAoM ko Apane kula kI mayAMdA pAlana karane kA prayaja karanA cAhie jise apano kula maryAdA kA jJAna nahIM hai, vaha apane durAvAroM meM kula kA dUpita kara sakatA hai:dveSa rakhane vAlA koI pAkhaNDI rAjA ke sira para vipapaga rakha de to unakA nAza ho sakatA hai / koI vazIkaraNa ke lie usake sira para vazIkaraNa puSpa rakha de to yaha mRda ke samAna AcaraNa karatA huA dUsare ke vaza ho jAyegA / ataH rAjA ko anya mara vAloM ke zeSAkSata, AgIvAda aura zAntivacana Adi ko parityAga kara denA cAhie. anyathA ugaDe kala kI hAni ho sakatA hai / 3. matyanupAlana :- g2ajAoM ko vRddha manuSyoM kI maMgatirUpoM mabhpadA meM indriyoM para vijaya prApta kara dharmazAstra aura jayaMzAstra ke. hA ye 3.dIkikRta kAnA nAhi / yadi rAjA isameM viparIta pravRtti karegA to hita hita kA jAnakAra na hone meM vRddhi bhraSTa ho jaayegaa| isa loka tathA paraloka sambandhI padArthoM ke hita ahita kA jJAna honA ati kahalAtI hai| vidyA kA nAza karane se usa vRddhi kA pAlana hotA hai / mithyAjJAna ko abhizA kahate haiM aura atattvoM meM tattvaddhi honA mithyAjJAna kahalAtA hai| (4) AtmAnupAlana :- igya loka tathA paranokAmbandhI pAyoM se AtmA kI rakSA karanA AtmA kA pAlana karanA kahalAtA hai| rAjA kI apanI rakSA hAna para sabakI rakSA ho jAtI hai...| citra. zastra Adi apAyoM se rakSA karanA to buddhimAna ko visi hI .. miMka sambandhI apAyoM se rakSA dharma ke dvArA ho sakatI hai. kyoMki dharma hI samasta AgiyoM kA pratIkAra I. / dharma ho apAyoM meM rakSA karatA hai. dharma hI manacAhA phala detA hai abha ho paraloka meM kalAANa karane vAlA hai aura dharma se hI isa loka meM Ananda prApta hotA hai / jima rAjya ke lie pura tathA sage bhAI bhIratA zatrutA kiyA karate haiM aura jima jahana meM apAya ( vighna bAdhAyeM / haiM, aiyA gajya truddhimAna puravoM ko yA chor3a denA cAhiye / mAnasika peTa ko bahulatA vAle rAjya meM mugnupUrvaka nahIM rahA jA sakatA, kyoMki nirAkulatA ko hI mukha kahate haiM jimakA anna acchA nahIM hai, jisameM nirantara pApa utpanna hote rahate haiM aise isa rAJca meM mukha kA leza bhI nahIM hai. saba ora se zaMkita rahane vAle puruSa ko isa rAjya meM bar3A bhAro duHkha banA rahatA hai| ata: vidrAna puruSoM ko apathya auSadhi ke samAna rAjya kA parityAga kara denA cAhie aura pakSyabhojana ke samAna tapa grahaNa karanA cAhie / rAjArAjya ke viSaya meM pahale ho vira kA hAkara bhogoSabhoga kA tyAga kara de| yadi vaha aisA karane meM asamartha ho to anta samaya meM use rAjya ke ADambara kA avazya nyAga kara denA caahie| yadi kAla ko jAnane vAlA nimita jAnI apane jIvana kA anta batalA de athavA apane Apa hI nirNaya ho jAya to usa samaya se zarIraparityAga kI buddhi dhAraNa kare, kyoMka tyAga hI paramadharma hai / tyAga hI parama tapa haiM, tyAga se hI isa loka meM kIti aura paraloka meM aizvarya ko upalabdhi

Page #61
51 hotI hai| AtmA kA svarUpa na jAnane vAlA jo kSatriya apanI AtmA kI rakSA nahIM karatA hai.. usakI viSa, zastra Adi se avazya hI apamatyu hotI hai, athavA zatrugaNa tathA krodho. lobhI aura apamAnita hue sevakAM se usakA avazya hI vinAza hotA hai aura apamRtyu me mag2a prANo duHkhada tathA kaThinAI se pAra hone yogya isa saMsAra rUpI Avarta meM par3akara TurgatiyoM ke duHkha kA pAtra honA AcArya somadeva ne bhI kahA hai ki rakSA hone para samasta rASTra surakSita rahatA hai, ata: use svakIya aura parakIya janoM se madA apanI rakSA karanA cAhie / rAjA apanI rakSA ke lie aise puruSa ko niyukta kare jo ki usake vaMza kA ho athavA vaivAhika sambandha se baMdhA huA ho tathA zikSita, anurakta aura kartavyakuzala ho / rAjA videzI puruSa ko, jise mAna Adi dekara sammAnita na kiyA gayA ho aura pahale sajA pAe hue svadezavAsI vyakti ko jo bAda ke adhikArI banAyA gayA ho. apanI rakSA ke lie niyukta na kareM, kyoMki vikRtacitta (dezyukta) puruSa kauna kauna se aparAdha nahIM karatA hai| vikratacita ho jAne para mAtA bhI rAkSasI ho jAtI hai / rAjA ke pAsa striyoM aura pAsa rahane vAle kuTumbI va putra hote hai| ata: sabase pahale use inase apanI rakSA karanI caahie| pati dvArA sauta rakhanA, pati kA manomAlinya, apamAna, santAna na honA ciraviraha inase striyAM pati se virakta ho jAtI hai| sviyoM meM svAbhAvika guNa yA doSa nahIM hote haiM, kintu gyamudra meM praviSTa huI nadI ke samAna pati ke guNoM se guNa yA doSoM se doSa utpanna hote haiN| jisa prakAra mIpa kI bAMbI meM praviSTa huA meMDhaka naSTa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra jo rAjA striyoM ke gRha meM praviSTa hote haiM, ve apane prANoM ko kho baiThate haiM / rAjA apane prANoM ko rakSA ke lie strI ke ghara se AyI huI koI bhI vastu kA bhakSaNa na kareM | vaha svaMya bhakSaNa karane yogya bhojanAdi ke kArya meM striyoM ko niyukta na kareM-75 | rAjA dvArA jaba sajAtIya kuTumbiyoM ke lie taMtra (sainya ) va kAMza bar3hAne vAlo jIvikA dI jAtI hai to ve vikArayukta ho jAte haiN| jaba rAjA nikATatI logoM ko sammAna dekara jIvanaparyanta ThanakA saMrakSaNa karatA hai to ve abhimAnaza (rAjyalobha se) rAjA ke ghAtaka ho jAte haiN| rAjA ko apane para zraddhA rakhane vAle, bhakti ke bahAne kabhI viruddha na hone vAle. namra vizvasanIya ra ajJAkArI sajAtIya kuTumbI va putroM kA saMrakSaNa karate hue unheM yogya padoM para niyukta karanA cAhie / janna rAjA ke samAtIya kuTumbI loga taMtra (sainya) kozazakti se aliSTa ho jAya , usa samaya unake vaza karane kA upAya yaha hai ki vaha apane zubhacintaka prAmANika puruSoM ko agrasara niyukta kara unake dvArA kuTumbiyoM ko apane meM vizvAsa utpanna karAye athavA unake pAya guptacara niyukta kareM / putra. bhAyAM bagairaha kuTumbojanoM kA mUrkhatApUrNa durAgraha acchI yuktiyoM dvArA naSTa kara denA caahie| (5) prajApAlana:- vaha kyA rAjA hai, jo apanI prajA ko rakSA nahIM karatA hai-1 rAjA kA kartavya hai ki vaha prajAkArya ko svaMga hI dekheM / jisa prakAra gvAlA Alasya rahita hokara bar3e prayatna se gAyoM kI rakSA karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI apanI prajA kI rakSA karanI caahie| rAjA ke rakSaNakArya ko kucha rItiyoM nimnalikhita hai, jinheM gvAle ke dRSTAnta se spaSTa kiyA gayA hai (ka) anurupa daNDa denA:- yadi gAyoM ke samUha meM se koI gAya aparAdha karatI hai to vaha gvAlA use aMgacchedana Adi kaThora daNDa nahIM detA huA anurupa daNDa se niyaMtrita kara jaise usako

Page #62
52 rakSA karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI apanI prajA kI rakSA karanA caahie| kaThora daNDa dene vAlA rAjA apanI prajA ko adhika udvigna kara detA hai / isalie prajA use chor3a detI hai tathA mantrI Adi prakRtijana bhI aise rAjA ke virakta ho jAte haiM (kha) mukhyavarga kI rakSA :- jisa prakAra gvAlA apanI gAyoM ke samUha meM mukhya pazuoM ke samUha kI rakSA karatA huA puSTa (sampattivAn) hotA hai, kyoMki gAyoM kI rakSA karake vaha vizAla godhana kA svAmI ho sakatA hai. usI prakAra rAjA bhI apane mukhyavarga kI pramukha rUpa se rakSA karatA huA apane aura dUsare ke rAjya meM puSTi ko prApta hotA hai jo rAjA apane apane mukhya bala ye puSTa hotA hai vaha samudrAnta pRthvI ko binA kisI yatna ke jIta letA hai * / (ga) ghAyala aura mRta sainikoM kI rakSA :- yadi pramAda se kisI gAya kA paira TUTa jAya to gvAlA bA~dhanA Adi upAyoM se usa paira ko jor3atA hai, gAya ko bA~dhakara rakhatA hai, baMdhI huI gAya ko tRNa detA hai aura usake paira ko majabUta karane kA prayatna karatA hai tathA pazuoM para anya upadrava Ane para bhI vaha usakA zIghra pratIkAra karatA hai, isI prakAra rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha senA meM ghAyala hue yoddhA ko uttama vaidya se auSadhi dilAkara usakI vipatti kA pratIkAra kare aura vaha khIra janna acchA ho jAya to usakI AjIvikA kA vicAra kre| aisA karane se bhRtyavarga sadA santuSTa bane rahate haiN| jisa prakAra gvAlA goTha se gAya kI haDDI vicalita ho jAne para usa haDDI ko vahIM pailatA huA usakA yogya pratIkAra karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI saMgrAma meM kimI mukhya mRtya ke mara jAne para usake pada para usake putra athavA bhAI ko niyukta karanA caahie| aisA karane se nRtyaloga 'yaha rAjA bar3A kRtajJa haiM' aisA mAnakara anurAga karane lageMge aura avasara par3ane para nirantara yuddha karane vAle bana jAyeMge 20 | (gha) sevakoM kI daridratA kA nivAraNa tathA sammAna :- gAyoM ke samUha ko koI kIr3A kATa letA hai to gvAlA yogya auSadhi dekara usakA pratIkAra karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI cAhie ki apane sevaka ko daridra athavA khedakhinna jAna usake citta ko santuSTa kare ! jisa sevaka ko ucita AjIvikA prApta nahIM hai, vaha apane svAmI ke isa prakAra ke apamAna se virakta ho jAyegA. ataH rAjA kabhI apane sevaka ko virakta na kre| sevaka ko daridratA ko ghAva ke sthAna meM kIr3e utpanna hone ke samAna jAnakara rAjA ko zIghra hI usakA pratIkAra karanA caahie| sevakoM ko apane svAmI se ucita sammAna prApta kara jaisA santoSa hotA hai, vaisA santoSa bahuta dhana dene para bhI nahIM hotA hai / jisa prakAra gvAlA apane pazuoM ke jhuNDa meM kisI bar3e baila ko adhika bhAra dhAraNa karane meM samartha jAnakara usake zarIra kI puSTi ke lie nAka meM tela DAlanA Adi kArya karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI cAhie ki vaha apanI senA meM kisI yoddhA ko atyanta uttama jAnakara use acchI AjIvikA dekara sammAnita kre| jo rAjA apanA parAkrama prakaTa karane vAle vIra puruSa ko usake yogya satkAroM se santuSTa rakhatA hai, usake bhRtya usa para sadA anurakta rahate haiM aura kabhI bhI usakA sAtha nahIM chor3ate haiM / (Ga) yogya sthAna para niyukti :- jisa prakAra gvAlA apane pazuoM ko kA~Te aura pattharoM se rahita tathA zIta aura garmI Adi kI bAdhA se zUnya bana meM carAtA huA bar3e prayatna se usakA poSaNa karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI apane sainika ko kisI upadravahIna sthAna meM rakhakara

Page #63
53 unakI rakSA karanA caahie| yadi vaha aisA nahIM karegA to rAjya kA parivartana hone para, cora, DAkU tathA samIpavartI anya rAjA loga usake ina sevakoM ko pIr3A dene lageMge / (ca) kaNTaka zodhana :- rAjA ko cAhie vaha cora, DAkU Adi kI AjIvikA balAt naSTa kara deM, kyoMki kA~To ko dUra kara dene se hI prajA kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai / (cha) sevakoM ko AjIvikA denA:- jisa prakAra gvAlA navIna utpanna hue bacce ko eka dina taka mAtA ke sAtha rakhatA hai, dUsare dina dayA yukta ho usake paira meM dhIre se rassI bAMdhakara khU~TI se bA~dhatA hai, usakI jarAyu tathA nAbhi ke nAla ko bar3e yatna se dUra karatA hai, kIr3e utpanna hone kI zaMkA hone para usakA pratIkAra karatA haiN| aura dUdha pilAnA Adi upAyoM se use pratidina bar3atA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI cAhie ki vaha AjIvikA ke hetu apanI senA ke viruddha Aye hue sevakoM ko unake yogya Adara sammAna se santuSTa kare aura jinheM svIkRta kara liyA hai tathA jo apane lie kleza sahana karate haiM aise una sevakoM kI prazasta AjIvikA Adi kA vicAra kara unake sAtha yoga aura kSema kA prayoga karanA cAhie / arthAta jo vastu unake pAsa nahIM hai. unheM denI cAhie aura jo vastu unake pAsa hai, usakI rakSA karanI cAhie / vaha (ja) yogya puruSoM kI niyukti :- zakuna Adi kA nizcaya karane meM tatpara rahane vAlA gvAlA jaba pazuoM ko kharIdane ke lie taiyAra hotA hai taba vaha ( dudha Adi kI) parIkSA kara unameM se atyanta guNI pazu kharIdatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI parIkSA kie hue uccakulIna putroM ko kharIdanA cAhie aura AjIvikA ke mUlya se kharIde hue una sevakoM ko samayAnusAra yogya kArya meM lagA denA cAhie kyoMki yaha kAryarUpI phala sevakoM dvArA hI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra pazuoM ko kharIdane meM kisI ko pratibhU (sAkSI) banAyA jA sakatA hai usI prakAra sevakoM kA saMgrahaNa karane meM bhI kisI balavAn puruSa ko pratibhU (sAkSI) banAnA cAhie / (jha) kRSikArya meM yogadenA:- jisa prakAra gvAlA rAtri meM praharamAtrazeSa rahane para uThakara jahA~ bahuta sA ghAsa, pAnI hotA hai aise kisI yogya sthAna meM gAya ko bar3e prayatna se carAtA hai tathA bar3e savere hI vApisa lAkara bachar3e ke pIne se bAkI bace hue dUdha ko makkhana Adi prApta karane kI icchA se duha letA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI Alasyarahita hokara apane adhIna grAmoM meM bIja denA Adi sAdhanoM dvArA kisAnoM se khetI karAnA caahie| vaha apane samasta deza meM kisAnoM dvArA bhalI bhA~ti khetI karAkara dhAnya saMgraha karane ke lie unase nyAyapUrNa ucita aMza le| aisA hone se usake bhaMDAra Adi meM bahuta sI sampadA ikaTThI ho jaayegii| usase usakA bala bar3hegA tathA santuSTa karane vAle dhAnyoM se usakA deza bhI puSTa athavA samRddhizAlI ho jAegA / (ja) akSaramlecchoM ko vaza meM karanA :- apane Azrita sthAnoM para prajA ke dukha dene vAle jo akSaraple haiN| unheM kula zuddhi pradAna karanA Adi upAyoM se apane adhIna karanA caahie| apane rAjA se satkAra pAkara ve phira upadrava nahIM kreNge| yadi rAjAoM se unheM sammAna prApta nahIM hogA to ve pratidina kucha na kucha upadrava karate rheNge| jo akSaramleccha apane hI deza meM saMcAra karate ho, unase rAjA ko kRSakoM kI taraha kara avazya lenA cAhie * / jo ajJAna ke bala se akSaroM dvArA utpanna hue aMhakAra ko dhAraNa karate haiM, pApasUtroM se AjIvikA karane vAle ve akSaramleccha

Page #64
54 kahalAte haiM / hiMsA karanA, mAMsa khAne se prema rakhanA, balapUrvaka dUsare kA ghana apaharaNa karanA aura dhUrtatA karanA yahI mlecchoM kA AcAra hai / (Ta) prajArakSaNa :- rAjA ko tRNa se samAna tuccha puruSa kI pI rakSA karanA cAhie jisa prakAra gyAlA Alasya rahita hokara apane moghana kI vyAghra, cora Adi upadravoM se rakSA karatA hai, usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI apanI prajA kI rakSA karanA cAhie jisa prakAra gvAlA una pazuoM kI dekhane kI icchA se rAjA ke Ane para bheTa lekara unake samIpa jAtA hai aura dhana sampadA ke dvArA use santuSTa karatA hai, usI prakAra yadi koI balavAn rAjA apane rAjya ke mammunna Ave to vRddha logoM ke sAtha vicAra kara use kucha dekara usake sAtha sandhi kara lenA cAhie ki yuddha bahusa se logoM ke vinAza kA kAraNa hai, usameM bahuta sI hAniyAM hotI hai aura usakA bhaviSya pI burA hotA hai ataH kucha dekara balavAn zatru ke sAtha sandhi kara lenA hI ThIka hai / (6) sAmajasya athavA sapanasattva dharma kA pAlana:- rAjA apane citta kA samAdhAna kara jo duSTa puruSoM kA nigraha aura ziSTa puruSoM kA pAlana karatA vahI usakA sAmanjasya guNa kahalAtA hai jo rAjA nigraha karane yogya zatru athavA putra donoM kA nigraha karatA hai. jise kisI kA pakSapAta nahIM hai, jo duSTa aura mitra sabhI ko niraparAdha banAne kI icchA karatA hai aura isa prakAra mAdhyasthyabhASa rakhakara so sara para samAna dRSTi rakhatA hai vaha samaMjasa kahalAtA hai| prajA ko viSama dRSTi se na dekhanA tathA saba para samAna dRSTi rakhanA samajjasattva dharma hai| isa samaMjamatva guNa me hI rAjA ko nyAyapUrvaka AjIvikA karane vAle ziSTa puruSoM kA pAlana aura duSTa puruSoM kA nigraha karanA cAhie / jo puruSa hiMsA Adi doSoM meM tatpara rahakara pApa karate haiM ve duSTa kahalAte haiM aura jo kSamA, santoSa Adi ke dvArA dharma dhAraNa karana meM tatpara rahate haiM ve ziSTa kahalAte haiN| ___AcArya somadeva ne bhI kahA hai - aparAdhiyoM ko sajA denA (duSTa nigraha ) aura sajjanoM kI rakSA karanA ( ziSTa paripAlana) rAjAoM kA dharma haiM300 / jo vyasanI puruSa ke hRdaya priya banakara aneka naitika upAya dvArA use una abhilaSita vastuoM (madyapAnAdi) se, jinameM ume vyasana (nirantara Asakti) utpanna huA hai, virakti utpanna karate haiM. unheM yogapuruSa (ziSTa) kahate hai| rAjalakSmI kI dIkSA se abhiSikta apane ziSTamaNDala paripAlana va duSTanigraha Adi sadaguNoM ke . kAraNa prabhA meM apane prati anurAga utpanna karane vAlA rAjA viSNu ke samAna kahA gayA hai / sAghu puruSoM ke sAtha anyAya kA vyavahAra karane vAlA apane hAthoM se aMgAra khIMcane ke mamAna apanI hAni karatA hai| | rAjA AjJAbhaMga karane vAle putra para bhI kSamA na kare jisakI AjJA prajAjanoM dvArA ullaghaMna kI jAtI hai, usameM aura citra ke rAjA meM kyA antara hai? jo rAjA ziSTa puruSoM ke sAtha namratA kA vyavahAra karatA hai vaha isaloka aura svarga meM pUjA jAtA hai / (7) durAcAra kA niSedha karanA - durAcAra kA niSedha karane se ghamaM, artha aura kAma tInoM kI vRddhi hotI hai, kyoMki kAraNa ke vidyamAna hone para kArya ko hAni nahIM dekhI jAtI hai| (8) lokApavAda se bhayabhIta honA- rAjA ko lokApavAda se Darate hue kArya karanA cAhie, kyoMki loka meM yaza hI sthira rahane vAlA hai| sampattiyA~ to dinAzazIla hai|

Page #65
" rAjamaNDala ke prati kartavya :- rAjamaNDala nimnalikhita samUha se banatA hai :(1) udAsIna (2)madhyama (3) vijigISu (4) ari (S) mitra (6) pANigrAha (7) Akranda (8) AsAra (9) antardidha / rAjA ko inheM apane anukUla rakhane kA prayatna karanA caahie| udAsIna :- apane deza meM vartamAna jo rAjA kimI anya vijigISu (vijaya ke icchuka ) rAjA ke Age, pIche yA samIpatroM sthita ho aura madhyama Adi yuddha karane vAloM ke nigraha karane meM aura unheM yuddha se rokane meM sAmarthyavAn hone para bhI kisI kAraNa se yA kisI apekSAnaza dUsare rAjA ke prati jo upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai, usase yuddha nahIM karatA hai, use udAsIna kahate haiM / madhyama yA madhyastha - jo udAsIna kI taraha maryAdAtIta maNDala kA rakSaka hone se anya rAjA kI apekSA prabala sainya zaktizAlI hone para bhI kisI raNavatra vijaya kI kAmanA karane vAle anya rAjA ke viSaya meM madhyastha banA rahatA hai, use madhyastha kahate haiN"| vijigISu-jo rAjyAbhiSeka se abhiSikta ho cukA ho tathA bhAgyazAlI khajAnA Adi dravya se yukta, maMtrI Adi prakRti se saMyukta, rAjanIti meM nipuNa evaM zUravIra ho use vijigISu kahate ariM - jo apane nikaTa sambandhiyoM kA aparAdha karatA huA kabhI bhI pratikUla AcaraNa karane se bAja nahIM AtA use ariM kahate hai| mitra - mitra kA lakSaNa pahale kahA jA cukA hai| pANigrAha - vijigISu ke zatru rAjA ke sAtha yuddha ke lie prasthAna karane para bAda meM jo kUddha hokara usake deza ko naSTa bhRSTa kara DAlatA hai, use pANigrAha kahate haiN| Akranda - jo prANigrAha se viparIta calatA hai arthAta vijagoSu kI vijayayAtrA meM hara prakAra se sahAyatA karatA hai, use Akrada kahate haiM / __ AsAra - jo pANigrAha se virodha rakhatA ho aura Ananda kA mitra ho, vaha AsAra hN"| antardiya- zatru aura vijigISu donoM rAjAoM se jIvikA prApta karane vAlA tathA parvata aura aTavI meM rahane vAlA antardhi hai| . zA ke kaTumciyoM ke prati rAjakartavya - rAjA zatru kA apakAra karake Thamake zaktihIna kuTumbiyoM ko bhUmipradAna kara unheM apane adhIna banAe athavA ( yadi baliSTa hoM to ) unheM klezita kare / paradeza meM rahane vAle svadezI vyakti ke prati rAjakartavya - rAjA kA katrtavya hai ki vaha paradeza meM prApta hue apane svadezavAsI manuSya ko, jisase ki isane kara grahaNa kiyA ho athavA na mI kiyA ho, dAna sammAna se vaza meM kare aura apane deza ke prati anurAgI banAkara use vahAM se lauTAkara apane deza meM basAe | sahAyakoM ke prati rAjakartavya - kArya ke samaya sahAyakapuruSoM kA milanA durlabha hai| ata: svAmI ko apane adhIna sevakoM ko itanA paryApta ghana denA cAhie, jisase ve pattuSTa ho

Page #66
5fv { sake / upajAU kheta meM khoe hue bIja ko taraha mahAyantra-puruSoM ko diyA huA dhana niHsandeha aneka phala detA hai sahAyaka puruSoM ke saMgraha kI apekSA dhana ko utkRSTa nahIM mAnanA cAhie | rAjadoSa tathA svaMya ke aparAdhoM ke kAraNa jinakI jI kA naSTa kara dI gaI hai| ve mantrI Adi krodhI, lobhI, bhIta aura tiraskRta hote haiM, unheM kRtyA ke samAna mahAbhaMyakara jAnanA caahie| maMtrI aura purohita hitaiSI hone ke kAraNa rAjA ke mAtA pitA ataH use unako kisI bhI abhilaSita padArtha meM nirAza nahIM karanA cAhie | samasta krodhoM kI apekSA mantrI aura senApati Adi) prakRtti kA krodha vizeSa kaSTadAyaka hotA hai / rAjAoM ko apane samasta kAryoM kA Arambha suyogya maMtriyoM ko salAha se karanA cAhie / jo rAjA maMtriyoM kI bAta kA ullaMghana karatA hai. unako bAta nahIM sunatA hai, vaha rAjA nahIM raha sakatA hai| ataH rAjA apane Azrita ( AmAtya Adi) ke sAtha anurakta dRSTi aura madhura bhASaNa Adi kA vyavahAra samAna rakheM, kyoMki pakSapAtapUrNa samadRSTi se rAjatantra kI zrIvRddhi hotI haiM va amAtya AnaMda usase anurakta rahate haiM / jinake aparAdha kauTumbika sambandha Adi ke kAraNa davAI karane ke ayogya haiM aise aparAdhiyoM ko khAI khudavAnA, kile meM kAma karAnA, nadiyoM ke pula baMdhavAnA khAna se dhAtu nikalavAnA Adi kAryo meM niyukta kara kleSita kare-2 | kRtvA ke samAna rAjyakSati karane vAle kAraNavaza zubha hue adhikAriyoM ko vaza meM karane ke nimnalikhita upAya haiN| (1) adhikAriyoM kI icchAnusAra pravRtti karanA / ( 3 ) tyAga - dhana denA / (2) abhayadAn / (4) satkAra | vyApAriyoM ke prati rAjakartavya : tAlane aura nApane ke pAtra jahA~ avyavasthita hote haiM, vahA~ vyavahAra naSTa ho jAtA hai| jisake rAjya meM vyApArI (vaNigjana) vastuoM kA mUlya svecchAnusAra bar3hAkara dhanasaMcaya karate haiM, vahA~ prajA ko aura bAhara se Ae hue logoM ko kaSTa hotA hu~ / ataH samasta vastuoM kA mUlya deza kAla padArtha kI apekSA honA cAhie / rAjA ko una vyApAriyoM kI jA~ca par3atAla karanA cAhie jo bahuta mUlya vAlI vastu va alpamUlya vAlI vastu kI milAvaTa karate haiM abhavA nApane tolane ke ghAToM meM kamI bar3hatI rakhate haiM | yaNigjanoM ko chor3akara dUsare koI pratyakSa cora nahIM hai" / yadi vyApArI loga svArthavaza vastu kA mUlya bar3hA deM to rAjA ume yathocita mUlya para use bika bAe anna kA saMgraha karake akAla paidA karane vAle vyApArI anyAya kI vRddhi karate haiN| isase tantra (sainya Adi) tathA deza kA nAza ho jAtA hai| vAdhuSikoM lobhavaza rASTra kA anna vagairaha saMcita kara durbhikSa paidA karane vAle vyApAriyoM ko kArya, akArya ke viSaya meM lajjA nahIM hotI hai } anya karttavya - rAjA mauke para apanA rAjadarabAra khulA rakhe, jisame prajA usakA darzana sulabhatA se kara ske| vaha apanA prayojana aise vyakti se na kare jo use siddha karane meM asamartha ho, aisA jaMgala meM rone ke samAna hai| rAjA ko aparAdhI ke sAtha kathAgoSTI nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki aise loga ghara meM praviSTa hue sA~pa kI taraha samasta ApittayoM ke AgamanadvAra hote haiN| buddhi, dhana aura yuddha meM jo sahAyaka hote haiM, ve kArya puruSa haiN| jisa rAjA ke bahuta se mahAyaka hote haiM usake sabhI manoratha siddha hote haiN| rAjA ko apane sahAyakoM kI parIkSA karanA caahie| jisa taraha bhojana ke samaya sabhI sahAyaka ho jAte hai, usI prakAra sAmAnya sthiti meM sabhI sahAyaka hote haiN| jo vipatti ke samaya sahAyaka ho, vahI saccA sahAyaka hai|

Page #67
57 - - rAjA ke guNa - paddhacarita meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa -raviSeNa ke anusAra rAjA kozUravIra honA cAhie / zUravIratA ke dvArA rAjA samasta logoM kI rakSA karatA hai / rAjA ko nItipUrvaka kArya karanA caahie| jo rAjA ahaMkAra se grasta nahIM hotA, zastraviSayaka vyAyAma se vimukha nahIM hotA, Apatti ke samaya kabhI vyagra nahIM hotA, jo manuSya usake samakSa namrIbhUta hote haiM unakA sammAna karatA hai, doSarahita sajjanoM ko hI ratna samajhatA hai, jisameM dAna diyA jAtA hai aiso kriyAoM ko kAryasiddhi kA zreSTha sAdhana samajhatA hai*, samudra ke samAna gambhIra hotA hai tathA paramArtha ko jAnatA hai aisA rAjA zreSTha mAnA gayA hai| rAjA ko jinazAsana (dharma) ke rahasya ko jAnane vAlA, zaraNAgata vatsala, paropakAra meM tatpara, dayA se AdIMcata, vijJAna vizuru hRdaya vAlA. ninda kAryo se nivRttabuddhi pitA ke samAna rakSaka, prANihita meM tatpara, dIna hIna Adi kA tathA vizeSakara mAtRjAti kA rakSaka, zuddhakArya karane vAlA, zatruoM ko naSTa karane vAlA. zastra aura zAstra kA abhyAsI, zAntikArya meM zAMvaTa se rahita, parastrI ko ajagara sahita kUpa ke samAna jAnane vAlA. maMdAra zata ke bharA se bhArga meM samAdI aura sI taraha me indriyoM ko vaza meM karane vAlA honA cAhie / jo rAjA atizaya baliSTha tathA zUravAroM kI ceSTA ko dhAraNa karane vAle hote haiM ve kabhI bhI bhayabhIta, brAhmaNa nihatthe, strI, bAlaka, pazu aura dUta para prahAra nahIM karate haiN| bahuta bar3e khajAne kA svAmI hokara jo rAjA pRthvI ko rakSA karatA hai aura paracakra (zatru) ke dvArA abhibhUta hone para bhI jo vinAza ko prApta nahIM hotA tathA hiMsA dharma meM rahita evaM yajJa aAdi meM dakSiNA dene vAle logo kI jo rakSA karatA hai, usa rAjA ko bhoga punaH prApta hote haiM: / zreSTha rAjA lokatantra ko jAnane vAlA hotA hai| rAjA astra vAhana kavaca Adi dekara anya rAjAoM kA sammAna karatA hai / rAjA satya bolane vAlA tathA jIvoM kA rakSaka hotA hai / jIvoM kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa rAjA RSi kahalAne yogya hai, kyoMki jo jIvoM kI rakSA meM tatpara hai ke ho RSi kahalAne gharAMgacarita meM prativimbita rAjA ke guNa -vagaMgacarita meM dharmasena aura vagaMga Adi rAjAoM ke guNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ina guNoM ko dekhane para aisA lagatA hai ki jaTAsiMhandi uparyukA rAjAoM ke bahAne zreSTha rAjA ke guNoM kA hI varNana kara rahe haiN| isa duSTi se eka acche rAjA ke nimnalikhita guNa prApta hote haiM / rAjA ko AkhyAyikA, gaNita tathA kAvya ke rasa ko jAnane vAlA, gurujanoM kI sevA kA vyasanI. dur3ha maitrI rakhane vAlA, pramAda, ahaMkAra, moha tathA ISyAM se rahita. sajjanoM aura bhalI vastuoM kA saMgraha karane vAlA, sthira mitroM vAlA, madhurabhASI, nirlobhI, nipuNya aura vandhu vAndhavoM kA hiteSA honA cAhie / isakA Antarika aura vAhya vyaktitva isa prakAra ho ki vaha maundarya dvArA kAmadeva ko, nyAyanipuNatA se zukrAcArya ko, zArIrika kAnti se candramA ko, prasiddha yaza ke dvArA indra ko. dIpti ke dvArA sUrya ko, gambhIratA tathA sahanazIlatA se samudra ko aura daNDa ke dvArA yamarAja ko bhI tiraskRta kara de| apanI svAbhavika vinaya se utpanna udAra AcaraNoM tathA mahAn guNoM dvArA vaha una logoM ke bhI mana ko mugdha kara le, jinhoMne usake viruddha vaira kI dRr3ha gA~Tha gA~dha lI ho| vaha kula zIla, parAkrama, jJAna, dharma tathA nIti meM bar3ha car3hakara ho / rAjA ko cAhie ki usake anugAmI sevaka usase santuSTa raheM tathA pratyeka kArya ko tatparatA se kareM, usake mitra samopa meM

Page #68
58 ho aura vaha hara samaya sambandhiyoM se Azrita na rhe| prabuddha aura sthira honA rAjA kA bahuta bar3A guNa hai| jo vyakti svayaM jAgatA hai, vahI dUsaroM ko jagA sakatA hai| jo svayaM sthira hai, vaha dUsaroM kI Dagamaga avasthA kA anta kara sakatA hai| jo svayaM nahIM jAgatA hai aura jisako sthiti atyanta DaoNvADola hai, vaha dUsaroM ko na to prabuddha kara sakatA hai aura na sthira kara sakatA hai* / rAjA kI korti saba jagaha phailI honI cAhie ki vaha nyAyanIti meM pAraMgata, dRSToM ko daNDa dene vAlA. prajA kA hitaiSI aura dayAvAna hai| rAjA rAja sabhA meM pahile jo ghoSaNA karatA hai, usake viparIta AcaraNa karanA Ayukta tathA dharma ke atyanta viruddha hai| isa prakAra ke kArya kA sajjanapuruSa parihAsa karate haiM / rAjA dharma, artha aura kAma puruSArthI kA isa DhaMga se sevana kare ki usameM se kisI eka kA anya se virodha na ho| isa vyavasthita krama ko apanAne vAlA rAjA apanI vijayapatAkA phaharA detA hai 361 | rAjA kI dinacaryA aisI honI cAhie ki vaha prAtaH kAla se sandhyA samaya taka puNyamaya utsavoM meM vyasta rhe| apane snehI bandhu, bAndhava, mitra tathA arthijanoM ko bheMTa Adi detA rahe * / aise rAjA kI pratyeka ceSTA prajA kI dRSTi meM prAmANika hotI hai, ataH vaha usa para aDiga vizvAsa rakhatI hai| rAjA kA viveka ApattiyoM meM bhI kama nahIM honA caahie| saMkaTa ke samaya bhI vaha kisI prakAra kI asamarthatA kA anubhava na kare tathA use apane kAryoM kA itanA adhika jJAna ho ki kartavya akarttavya, zatru pakSa AtmapakSa tathA mitra aura zatru ke svabhAva ko jAnane meM use dera na lage / jisa rAjA kA abhyudaya bar3hatA hai usake pAsa aGganAyeM, acche mitra, bAndhava, uttama ratna zreSThahAthI, sulakSaNa azva, dRr3ha ratha Adi harSa tathA ullAsa ke utpAdaka nUtana-nUtana sAdhana anAyAsa hI Ate rahate hai 65 1 rAMjA kA yaha kataMtrya hai ki vaha rAjya meM par3e hue nirAzrita bacce, buDhoM tathA striyoM, atyadhika kAma lie jAne ke kAraNa svAsthya naSTa ho jAne para kisI bhI kArya ke ayogya zramikoM. anAtha, andhIM, donoM tathA bhaMyakara rogoM meM phase hue logoM kI sAmarthya, amAmartha tathA unako zArIrika, mAnasika durbalatA Adi kA patA lagAkara unake bharaNa poSaNa kA prabandha kre| jina logoM kA eka mAtra kArya dharmasAdhanA ho use guru ke samAna mAnakara pUjA kare tathA jina logoM ne pahile kie gae vaira kI kSamA yAcanA karake zAnta karA diyA ho unakA apane putroM ke samAna bharaNa poSaNa kare, kintu jo avivekI ghamaNDa meM cUra hokara bahuta bar3ha car3hakara caleM athavA dUsaroM ko kucha na samajheM una logoM ko apane deza se nikAla de / jo adhikArI athavA prajAjana svabhAva se komala hoM, niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue jIvana vyatIta kareM, apane karttavyoM Adi ko upayukta samaya ke bhItara kara deM, una logoM ko samajhane tathA puraskAra Adi dene meM vaha atyanta tIvra ho / rAjA ko prajA kA atyadhika pyArA honA caahie| vaha satra paristhitiyoM meM zAnta rahe aura zatruoM kA unmUlana karatA huA apanI RddhiyoM ko bar3hAtA rahe / dvisandhAna mahAkAvya meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa dvisandhAna mahAkAvya meM dhanaJjaya ne dazaratha, pANDu, rAma, kRSNa Adi rAjAoM aura unake guNoM kA varNana kiyA hai| ukta varNana ke AdhAra para rAjA ke guNoM ke viSaya meM nimnalikhita jAnakArI prApta hotI hai - - rAjA ko RSiyoM dvArA praNeta dhArmika saMyama ke viSaya meM dina rAta jAgaruka, candramA ko krAnti ke samAna dhavala, nagara lakSmI ke mukha kI zobhA kA vikAsaka, vRddhigata rAjalakSmI kA svAmI. bhISaNa parAkramI, guru ko kuladevatA mAnakara apanI sampatti dene vAlA, apane bhAI bandhuoM ko

Page #69
59 guru ke samAna bahuta mAnane vAlA, apane anugAmiyoM ko apane samAna samajhane vAlA tathA apane vaMza ke anurUpa sevakoM ko bhI mitra ke samAna sammAna denevAlA honA caahie| upasthita yathAyogya samasta kAryoM ko karate samaya vaha AdhIkSikI, trayo, vAtA, daNDanIti ina cAra prakAra kI rAjavidyA, vyavahAra tathA sAmAdi upAyoM ke vicAra ko eka kSaNa ke lie bhI na chor3e tathA kahIM bhI hAthI. stha, ghor3A tathA padAtimaya senA se alaga na ho / use dUsaroM kI sukhaprApti tathA du:kha hAni kI cintA se prerita hokara svayaM hI lokopakAraka kAryoM meM lagA rahanA caahie| apane vaibhava aura sampatti ke kAraNa usake mana meM ahaMkAra na Ae / vaha kabhI bhI pramAda meM na par3e aura na khedakhinna ho ho tathA apane dina-rAta ke kAryo kA vibhAjana karake jIvana vyatIta kare rAjA kA janma ho paramArtha ke lie hotA hai / vaha saMsAra ke vinAza ke bhaya se zatruoM kA saMhAra karatA hai, santAna ko icchA se kAmasevana karatA hai, prajA se kara bhI dUsaroM ko dene ke lie letA hai| rAjA ko apramAdI hone ke lie Avazyaka hai ki vaha usa ghor3e yA hAthI para na car3he jisa para anugata AtmIyajana na baiTha cuke hoM. usa vana meM na jAe, jisameM pahile usake AdamI na ghUma Ae hoM / siddha Adi veSadhArI sAdhuo se yakAyaka bheTa na kareM aura anta:pura meM bhI akelA praveza na kare / rAjA kA AcaraNa aisA honA cAhie jisake kAraNa na to zatru usako nindA kara pAyeM aura na unheM isa para anugraha karane kA hI avasara mile / usakA AkramaNa na to siMha avipArita aura AtmavinAzaka AkramaNa ke samAna ho aura na usakI kUTanIti kA prayoga zrRMgAla ke samAna atyadhika bhayabhIta hokara calane kA ho / rAjA kA ropa tathA prasannatA rUpI guNa vaTavRkSa ke samAna binA phUla die hI phala deN| jaba vaha zatruoM kA saMhAra karanA cAhe tabhI ruSTa ho aura jaba (dUsaroM ko) dhanAdi dene ko icchA kare, tabhI prasanna ho / yuvakoM aura vRddhoM ke virodha kI vaha dUra kare / rAjA ke vacana satya hoM, anuSThAnoM kA pariNAma upayukta aura anukUla ho. kRtajJatA ko yaha apanI vizAla sampatti se nApe, usako abhilASita vijaya kI icchA samasta dizAoM meM vyApta ho tathA kuTumbitA kI bhAvanA samasta saMsAra ke bharaNapoSaNa meM samartha ho / rAjA kA yaha dharma hai ki vaha notiyoM kA pratipAlaka va sajjanoM kA rakSaka ho tathA usake rAjya meM ativRSTi anAvRSTi Adi iliyoM kI pracuratA na ho |nyaaymaarg meM lIna rahakara sabako sukhakara zarmika rAjya dvArA rAjA apanA tathA prajA kA mAhAtmya prakaTa kare381 1 nItizAstra kA yahI prazcama pATha hai ki rAjA apane chidroM aura zatru ke AdhAtoM ko zAnta kara de tathA vaibhava ke dvArA apane pakSa durga Adi athavA zatru para kie prabala prahAro ko muSTa kare tathA zatru kI durbalatAoM aura samarthakoM ko apane vaza meM kre| rAjA ko caMcala nahIM honA cAhie / svayaM jo caMcala hotA hai vaha atikramaNazIla ke sAmane nahIM Tika sakatA hai tathA use nirAza hokara lauTanA par3atA hai / jo rAjA vIra hotA hai yaha bAhu se zAstra grahaNa karake priya logoM ke duHkha kA vinAza karatA hai, kintu hA hA zabda se nindita vaMza paramparA ke unmUlaka bhIru ke dvArA kucha bhI nahIM hotA hai| mahAn dhairya, parAkrama, gambhIratA tathA samaya se apanA kArya pUrA karane kI prakRti ke dhAraka rAjA aura samudra meM kSoma ke sivA koI antara nahIM hotA hai jisa rAjA kA apanA sAmanta maNDala durbala athavA udAsIna ho tathA prabala zatru ke grahAra ho rahe haoN vaha apane rAjya se cyuta ho jAtA hai / rAjA ko anAcaraNa nahIM karanA cAhie / nirAkaraNa karane rUpa se pApAcaraNa meM lIna logoM kI carcA karane para bhI sunane vAloM ko zAnti ho jAtI hai tathA anItimAn kA nirvAha ho jAtA hai kintu lokalAja

Page #70
Gh chor3akara yadi devatAsvarUpa nRpati hI anAcaraNa karane lage to kaise calegA ? jo rAjA duSTa hotA hai vaha kaice padArtha (yA vyakti) ko nIcA kara detA hai, nIce se nIce padArtha (yA vyakti) use U~ce pratIta hote hai16 | isa prakAra use karttavya, akartavya kA bheda samajha meM nahIM AtA hai rAAoM ko rAjalakSmI kA ahaMkAra nahIM karanA cAhie tathA lakSmI kI prApti kI abhilASA ko manda rakhanA cAhie, kyoMki anta meM zarIra bhI pRthvI kA pAlana karane meM asamartha hokara nIrasa ho jAtA hai| kevala laukika kAryoM meM kRtkRtya hone se hI jIvana caritArtha nahIM hotA, janmAntara kI sAdhanA bhI Avazyaka hai jisa prakAra kevala dupaTTe (uttarIya) se hI zarIra kI lajjA nahIM haikatI hai apitu paridhAna (adharoya) bhI Avazyaka hotA hai / mRtyukAla upasthita hone para bhI rAjA ko prakRti peM sthira, mahAna parAkramI tathA manobhAvoM kA zAsI honA cAhie. mana se vyAkula hokara kadApi nahIM rahanA cAhie, kyoMki anta samaya Ane para mRtyu bhota puruSa ko bhI nahIM chor3atI hai| sampatti, zikSA, nyAya, sthAyitva aura prema ke lie zastra uThAne vAle prakhara sejastI rAjA zatruoM ko apane roSa se hI kolita kara dete haiM jo rAjA rAjanIti kI bhUmi ke Upara AmAtyAdi sAta rAjatantra ke mUloM ko sthira karatA huA samasta dizAoM meM apane kula ke hI zaratA rAjAoM kA prasAra karatA hai tathA anAyAsa hI sukha zAnti rUpa phaloM ko detA hai vaha rAjA janatA ke lie kalpavRkSa ke samAna hotA hai| __ vAdImasiMha ke kAthyoM meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa - vAdIsiMha ke anusAra rAjya ko prApta kara zreSTha rAjA samasta guNoM se suzobhita hotA hai / hAra meM piroyA gayA kA~ca niMdApane kA prApta hotA hai, kintu maNiprazastapane ko hI prApta hotA hai / du:saha pratApa ke rahane para bhI zreSTa rAjA meM sukhopasevyatA, sukumAra rahane para bhI AryajanoM ke yogya uttama AcAra, atyadhika sAhasI hote hue bhI samasta manuSyoM kI vizvAsapAtratA, pRthvI kA bhAra dhAraNa karane para bhI akhtritA.nirantara dAna dene para bhI koza ko akSINatA, zatruoM ke tiraskAra kI abhilASA hone para bhI paramakAruNikatA, kAma kI paratantratA hone para bhI atyadhika pavitratA dekhI jAtI hai| unako iSTaphala kI prApti, kAryArambha kI, vidhA ko, prApti buddhi ko, zatruoM kA kSaya parAkrama ko, manuSyoM kA anurAga para hitatatparatA kA,anAkramaNa pratApa ko, virudAvalI dAtako, kaviyoM kA saMgraha kAvyarasa ko abhijJatA ko, kalyANa rUpa sampatti dRr3ha pratijJA ko, logoM ke dvArA apane kAryoM ko ullaMghana na honA nyAyapUrNa netRtva ko, dharmazAstra ke zravaNa karane kI icchA tatvajJAna ko. munijanoM ke caraNoM meM namratA duSTa abhimAna ke abhAva ko, dAna ke jala se golA kiyA huA hAtha mAnanIyatA ko. jinendradeva kI pUjA paramadhArmikatA ko aura chudra pazuoM kA abhAva nItinipuNatA ko cupacApa sUcita karatA hai | jisa prakAra dhAna ke kheta meM bIja bone vAle kisAna Anandita hote haiM, uso prakAra (uttama) rAjA ko kara denA bhI protikara hotA hai / yaha pandamusakAna se iSTa kArya siddha kara Ae hue sAmantoM meM, kaTAkSapAta se prasannatA ko prApta manuSyoM ke lie hajAroM dInAroM ke dene meM, karNadAna se aneka dezoM se Ane vAle guptacaroM ke vacana sunane meM, pratibimba ke bahAne vizadhara rAjAoM ke mukuToM meM aura netra se mitra ke zarIra meM nivAsa karatA hai| usake dAna guNa ke dvArA kalpavRkSa kI mahimA manda par3a jAtI hai19 | vaha parAkrama se rAjAoM ke zarIra athavA yuddha ko naSTa karatA hai raNarUpI mAgara ko jItane ke lie jahAja, talavAra rUpI sarva ke vihAra ke lie candana

Page #71
61 vRkSoM kA vana aura kSatriyadharmarUpa sUrya ke lie udayAcala svarUpa usake dvArA pRthvI kharIda lI jAtI hai tathA pratyeka dizA meM usake avastambha gAr3a die jAte haiM / uparyukta guNoM ke atirikta bar3oM kI sevA karanA, vizeSajJatA, nitya udyogI aura nirAgrahI honA, vidvAnoM kA ekAnta mevanIya honA, kAnoM ko Ananda dene vAle carita kA dhAraNa prakRti (maMtrI Adi) ko vaza meM karanA, kaviyoM kI madhura dhvani sunane ke lie lAlAyati rahanA tathA yAcakoM kA manoratha pUrNa karanA" rAjA ke pradhAna guNa haiM | Adi purANa meM prativimbita rAjA ke guNa rAjA anurAga athavA prema se apane maNDala (deza) ko dhAraNa karatA hai / rAjA ko agragAmI honA caahie| yadi rAjA Age calatA hai to alpa zakti ke dhAraka loga bhI usI kaThina rAste se calane lagate haiN| kSatriya putra ko jise koI harA na kara sake aise yaza rUpI dhana kI hI rakSA karanA cAhie, kyoMki isa pRthvI meM nidhiyoM ko gAr3akara aneka loga mara cuke haiN| jo ratna eka hAtha pRthvI taka bhI sAtha nahIM jAte aura jinake lie rAjA loga mRtyu prApta karate haiM, aise ratnoM se kyA lAbha hai 10 ? rAjAoM ko vRddha manuSyoM kI salAha mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki unakI sthiti vidyA kI apekSA vRddha manuSyoM se hI hotI hai| prema aura vinaya ena donoM kA milI to meM hI ho hai| yadi unhIM kuTumbiyoM ke virodha ho jAya to una donoM kI hI gati naSTa ho jAtI hai / rAjAoM ko apane sammAna kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie | tejasvI manuSya ko jo kucha apanI bhujArUpI vRkSa kA phala milatA hai, unake lie moharUpIlatA kA phala arthAt moha ke izAre se prApta huA cAra samudra payaMta pRthvI kA aizvarya bho prazaMsanIya nahIM hai| jisa prakAra DuNDubha (paniyA~ sA~pa) sA~pa isa isa zabda ko nirarthaka karatA hai. usI prakAra jo manuSya rAjA hokara bhI dUsare kI AjJA se upahRta huI lakSmI ko dhAraNa karatA hai. vaha rAjA isa zabda ko nirarthaka karatA hai" / uttama rAjA parAkramayukta gambhIra, uccavRtti vAlA aura maryAdA sahita hotA hai-", vaha kevala prajA se kara ho nahIM letA hai, apitu use detA bhI haiN| vaha prajA ko daNDa hI nahIM detA hai, apitu usakI rakSA bhI karatA hai| isa prakAra dharma ke dvArA usakI vijaya hotI hai +5 | - uttarapurANa meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa AcArya guNabhadra ke anusAra rAjA ko AnvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDa ina cAra vidyAoM meM pAraMgata honA caahie| jisakI prajA daNDa ke mArga meM nahIM jAtI aura isa kAraNa jo rAjA daNDa kA prayoga nahIM karatA, vaha zreSTha mAnA jAtA hai / rAjA kI dAnI honA caahie| zreSTha rAjA kI dAnazIlatA se pahale ke daridra manuSya bhI kubera ke samAna AcaraNa karate haiN| rAjA sandhivigrahAdi chaha guNoM se suzobhita ho aura chaha guNa usase muzobhita lR / puNyavAn rAjA kA zarIra aura rAjya binA vaidya aura maMtrI ke hI kuzala rahate hai" / rAjA kA dhana dAna dene meM, buddhi dhArmika kAryoM meM, zUravIratA prANiyoM kI rakSA karane meM, Ayu sukha meM aura zarIra yogopayoga meM vRddhi ko prApta hotA rahatA hai / rAjA ke puNya kI vRddhi dUsare ke AdhIna na ho, kabhI naSTa na ho aura usameM kisI taraha kI bAdhA na Ae tAki vaha tRSNArahita hokara guNoM kA poSaNa karatA huA sukha se rhe| jisa rAjA ke vacana meM satyatA, citta meM dayA, dhArmika kAryo meM nirmalatA ho tathA jo prajA kI apane guNoM ke samAna rakSA kare, vaha rAjarSi hai| sujanatA rAjA kA svAbhavika guNa ho| prANaharaNa karane vAle zatru para bhI vaha vikAra ko prApta na ho *" | buddhimAn rAjA saba logoM ko guNoM ke dvArA apane meM anurakta banAe tAki saba loga use prasanna rakheM 24 / jisa I

Page #72
62 prakAra muniyoM meM aneka guNa vRddhi ko prApta hote haiM, usI prakAra sadAcArI aura zAstrajJAna se suzobhita rAjA meM aneka guNa vRddhi ko prApta hote haiM tathA jisa prakAra saMskAra kie hue maNi suzobhita hote haiM usI prakAra rAjA meM aneka guNa suzobhita hote hai 25 1 nIti ko jAnane vAle rAjA ko indra aura yama ke samAna kahate haiM, kintu indra ke samAna rAjA zreSTha hai, kyoMki usakI prajA guNavatI hotI hai aura rAjya meM koI daNDa dene ke yogya nahIM hotA hai" rAjA nyAyopArjita dhana ke dvArA yAcakAM ke samUha ko santuSTa kreN| samIcIna mArga meM calane vAle rAjA ke artha aura kAma bhI dharmayukta hote haiM, ataH vaha dharmamaya hotA hai / uttama rAjA ke vacanoM meM zAnti, citta meM dayA, zarIra meM teja, buddhi meM nIti, dAna meM dhana vibhA zatruoM meM pratAra rahatA hai| jisa prakAra saMsAra kA hita karane vAle saba prakAra ke dhAnya samAnAyako varSA ko pAkara zreSTha phala dene vAle hote haiM, usI prakAra samasta guNa rAjAko buddhi ko pAkara zreSTha phala dene vAle hote haiM / rAjA kA mAnabhaMga nahIM honA caahie| jisa prakAra dA~ta kA TUTa jAnA hAthI kI mahimA ko chipA letA hai, dAda kA TUTa jAnA siMha kI mahimA ko tirohita kara detA hai, usI prakAra mAnabhaMga, rAjA kI mahimA ko chipA letA hai 31 | nItizAstra sambandhI artha kA nikAya karane meM rAjAkA caritra udAraNa rUpa honA cAhie | uttama rAjA ke rAjya meM prajA bhI nyAya kA ullaMghana nahIM karatI hai. rAjA nyAya kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai, dharma artha aura kAmarUpa trivarga rAjA kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai aura paraspara eka dUsare kA bhI trivarga ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai| jisa prakAra vaSAM se latA bar3hatI haiM. usI prakAra rAjA kI nIti se prajA saphala hokara bar3hatI hai| jisa prakAra Age kI saMkhyA pichalI saMkhyAoM se bar3hI hotI hai, usI prakAra zreSTha rAjA pichale samasta rAjAoM ko apane guNoM aura sthAnoM se jItakara bar3A hotA hai / usakI samasta RddhiyA~ hai aura puruSArtha ke AdhIna rahatI hai| yaha mantrI Adi mUla prakRti tathA prajA Adi bAhyaprakRti ke krodha se rahita hokara svarASTra tathA pararASTra kA vicAra kre| tIna zaktiyoM aura siddhiyoM se use sadA yoga aura kSema kA samAgama hotA rahe sAtha. hI sandhi vigraha Adi chaha guNoM kI anukUlatA rkhe| acche rAjA ke rAjya meM prajA ko ayukti Adi pA~ca taraha kI bAdhAoM meM se kisI bhI prakAra kI bAdhA nahIM rahatI haiN| uttama rAjA kA nitya udaya hotA rahatA hai, usakA maNDala vizuddha (zatrurahita) aura akhaNDa hotA hai tathA pratApa nirantara bar3hatA hai / aise rAjA kI rUpAdi sampatti use anya manuSyoM ke samAna kumArga meM nahIM le jAtI hai| acche rAjA ke rAjya meM prajA kI ayukti Adi pA~ca prakAra kI bAdhAoM meM koI bAdhaH nahIM hotI hai / zama aura vyAyAma rAjA ke yoga aura kSema kI prApti ke sAdhana hai I 1 - candraprabhacarita meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa rAjA kA mAhAtmaya aura guNa acintya honA caahie| vaha apane logoM kA Azraya ho tathA usakI ceSThAyeM dharma kA nAza karane vAlI na ho| rAjA kI saba sampadA paropakAra ke lie hotI hai| tyAga va dAna dene kA guNa rAjA meM svAbhAvika honA cAhie"" / rAjA ke vibhinna guNoM kI upamA candramA se dI jA sakatI hai| rAjA kalAoM se yukta hotA hai, candramA bhI kalAoM se pUrNa hotA hai| rAjA (apane) logoM kA abhinandana karatA haiM, candramA bhI saba logoM kA abhinandana yA Anandita karatA hai / rAjA kI zrI saMsAra kI zrI me bar3hakara hotI hai, candramA kI zobhA bhI saMsAra meM bar3hakara hotI hai| itanA hone para bhI candramA pradoSa (sAyaMkAla, doSa) se saMsarga rakhane ke kAraNa sarvathA ujjavala rAjA ko nahIM jIta sakatA hai| rAjA atyadhika dAna de to bhI usakA ahaMkAra na kare, kAma, krodha, harSa, mAna, lobha aura mada ina chaha

Page #73
zatruoM ko vaza meM kareM, uttama logoM kI saMgati kare, cugala khoroM ke saMsarga se dUSita na ho| jo rAjA kAma, krodhAdi nyuTa zatruoM se apane mana ko nahIM bacA sakatA hai. use mAnoM tiraskAra ke bhaya se saba sampadAyeM svayaM chor3akara calI jAtI hai rAjA ko kotiM saba jagaha prasiddha ho| vaha apane duHsaha parAkrama se abhimAnI rAjAoM ko parAsta kara pRthvI se kara vasUla kare* 1 rAjA ko kaThora vRtti vAlA honA cAhie / jisa prakAra kaMcuko apane teja se kulavadhuoM ko vaza meM kara letA hai, usI prakAra rAjA bhI apane teja se caMcalA lakSmI ko vaza meM kara le 'rAjA pakSapAta pUrNa dRSTi se dUSita na ho| vaha apane nirmala aura prasiddha gambhIratA guNa meM samudra kI gambhIratA ke yazarUpI dhana ko lUTa le / rAjavidyA ke adhyayana se jisakI buddhi vizuddha ho gaI hai aisA rAjA soca vicArakara kArya kare, pazuoM kI taraha vidhekI hokara kArya na kare / use pRthvI kA uddhAra karane vAlA, balayukta tathA satyAnurakta honA cAhie | usameM nirvAsanatA namratA tathA nirahaMkAratA kA guNa honA cAhie, dharma, artha aura kAma kA avirodha rUpa se sevana karate hue usakI cintA jaisI paraloka sAcana ke prati ho, vaisI cintA kisI anya ke bAre meM na ho / rAjA udAratA, dhairya tathA niyAdi guNoM kA Azraya hai| dharma meM buddhi hogA rAjA kA bar3A saubhAgya hai, kyoMki dharma meM niAnA ho bhavidhya abhyudaya kA pradhAna kAraNa haiM | jana samUha ke mantApa ko dUra karane vAlA rAjA apane guNoM se mantra dizAoM ko ujjavala kara detA hai / yathArtha meM mahatva kA kAraNa kebala aizvarya nahIM hotA, guNa sampatti ho puraSa ko garaba detI hai / apane sAva kI Aga meM zatruoM ko svAha karane vAle aura guNoM se sampUrNa pRthvI kA manoraMjana karane vAle rAjA ke rakSaka hone para yaha pRthvI sadA upadrava se rahita hokara bharIpuro hone lagatI hai| dayAlutA, dharma hI ko dhana samajhanA, dUsare ke prayojana ko siddha karane ke lie sampatti arpita karanA, anighaMdariba aura tapasviyoM ke samAna antraraNa Adi guNa ati dUravartI mahAnpuruSoM ke citta meM bhI anurAga utpanna karate haiM | | ata: rAjA ko dayAlu, sAdhruvatsala aura makSikAmuka bane rahakara isa pRthvI kA zAsana karanA cAhie aura anAtha logoM kA uddhAra karanA cAhie, kyoMki donoM kA uddhAra karane se bar3hakara aura koI tapasyA nahIM hai16 | prajA ke samasta kaSToM ko dUra karane ke bAda ho parAkramI aura notijJa rAjA ko zatruoM ko jItane kI icchA se apane sahAyakoM ke sAtha yA karanA cAhie / rAjA kabhI bhI maryAdA kA atikramaNa na kare rAjA aura samudra meM yahI antara hai ki samudra pralayakAla meM mAMdA (sImA)ko chor3a detA hai, kintu uttama rAjA kabhI apanI maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA haina / rAjA kI zUratA nIti se aura prabhutA udAra kSamAse zUnya na ho, vidyA ninaga me khAlI va hoM tathA ThamakA dhana bhI nirantara dAna aura bhoga meM vyaya honA rhe| vardhamAnacarita meM pratibimbita rAjA ke guNa - svabhAva se zatrutA rakhane vAle buoM kI zaraNa meM Ane para rakSA karanA , paropakAra, nirmala svabhAva, rAjavidhA meM pravINatA pAThakoM ko unakI icchA ye adhika dAna denA, vidvAnoM se gheSTita rahanA, buddhibala se pRthvA rUpI bhAyoM ko apane guNoM meM anurakta kara lenA, zatruoM ko bhaya se namrIbhUta banA lenA, matsara bhAvanA rakhanA nauti zAstra meM nipuNa (nayacakSu) honA, mahAn parAkramI aura vinayI tathA jitAtmA honA paDavarga para vijaya prApta karanA , sAhasa, vidyA aura prabhAva meM unnata honA 4. dhairya dhAraNa karanA, vitaya grahaNa karanA, nItimArga meM sthita rahanA, indriya aura mana ke saMcAra ko vaza meM rakhanA", sajjanoM se prema

Page #74
-.............--..--....--..----.--.. karanA, prajA kA nyAya karanA, guruoM kI vinaya karanA mitroM ko candana ke samAna sukhakara honA", tathA kAma ke vazavartI na honA" ye rAjA ke pramukha guNa haiM / ina guNoM se yukta rAjA apane kArya kI siddhi karatA hai / prazaMsanIya guNa kisake kArya ko siddha nahIM karatA ? arthAt guNoM se sabhI kArya siddha hote haiM / isase prajAoM meM sadA nirdoSa prema utpatra hotA hai| koI bhI vyakti guNoM ko chor3akara pratiSThA ko prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai| nItivAkyAmRta meM prativimbita rAjA ke guNa - rAjA ko sevakoM ko AzA ko pUrti karanA cAhie, nahIM to usakI prasannatA koI lAbha nahIM hai / vaha mantrI Adi meM sAvadhAna rahe / jisa prakAra dhanikoM kI bImArI bar3hAnA chor3akara vaidyoM kI jIvikA kA koI upAya nahIM, usI prakAra rAjA ko vyasanoM meM phaMsAne ke sivAya maMtrI Adi adhikAriyoM (niyogiyoM) kI jIvikA kA koI upAya nahIM hai / rAjA ko nItipUrNa DhaMga se kArya karanA caahie| nItiviruddha pravRtti karane vAle puruSa kI bar3hatI tatkAla bujhate huye dIpaka kI bar3hatI ke samAna jar3amUla me naSTa karane vAlo hotI hai | rAjAoM ko apane parAkrama kA pUrA prayoga karanA cAhie / sira mur3AtA aura jaTAoM kA dhAraNa karanA rAjA kA dharma nahIM hai| rAjA samaya-samaya para prajA ko darzana detA rahe / prajA ko darzana na dene vAle rAjA kA kArya adhikArI varga svArthavaza bigAr3a dete haiM aura zatru loga bhI usase droha kara dete hai | rAjA ko yaha bhI cAhie ki yadi rAjA prayojanArthiyoM kA ie prayojana nasiddha kara sake to unakI bheMTa svIkAra na kareM / sAma dAmAdi naitika upAyoM ke prayoga meM nipuNa, parAkramI va jisase AmAtA Adi rAja karmacArI evaM prajA anurakta hai aisA rAjA aspadeza kA svAmI hone para bhI cakravartI ke samAna nirbhaya mAnA gayA hai| loka vyavahAra jAnane vAlA manuSya sarvajJa samAna aura lokavyavahAra zUnya manuSya vidvAna hokara bhI loka dvArA tiraskRta samajhA jAtA hai| rAjA itanA guNI ho ki zatru kI sabhA meM bhI usakA guNagAna kiyA jaay| jipsa rAjA kA guNagAna zatruoM kI sabhA meM nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, usakI unnati va vijaya kisa prakAra ho sakatI hai | vijigISu jaisA vaisA (durbala tra zaktihIna) kyoM na ho yadi vaha uttama, kartavyaparAyaNa va vIra puruSoM ke sAnidhya se yukta hai to use zatru kI apekSA baliSTha samajhanA caahie| rAjA ke pramukha guNa 1.ariSaDvargavijaya - kAma,krodha, mada, mAtsarya, lobha aura moha ye 6 prakAra ke Antarika zatru hote haiM, rAjA ko inakA vijetA kahA gayA hai| jo ina para vijaya prApta nahIM karatA hai.apanI AtmA ko nahIM jAnane vAlA yaha rAjA kArya aura akArya ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai / jItane ko icchA rakhane vAle jitendriya puruSa kSamA ke dvArA ho pRthvI jItate hai / jinhoMne indriyoM ke samUha ko jIta liyA hai, zAstra rUpo maryAdA kA acchI taraha aSaNa kiyA hai aura jo paraloka ko jItane kI icchA rakhate haiM, aise puruSa ke lie sabase utkRSTa sAdhana kSamA ho hai rAjA rupI hAthI rAjya pAkara prAyaH mada se kaThora ho jAte haiM / parantu zreSTha rAjA mada se kaThora nahIM, balki svaccha buddhi kA dhAraka hotA hai / dUsare rAjA javAnI, rUpa, aizvarya, kula, jAti Adi guNoM ke kAraNa garva karane lagate haiM, kintu zreSTha rAjA zAnti hI dhAraNa karatA hai / isa prakAra jo rAjA uparyukta cha: zatruoM ko jItakara svakIya rAjya meM sthira rahate haiM ve isa loka aura paraloka donoM meM samRddhivAna hote haiN|

Page #75
65 vAdIbhasiMha ke anusAra nayA zatru to asthAyI aura haratI hai ataH Antarika o(kAma krodhAdi) para vijaya prApta karanA caahie| kroSa rUpI agni apane Apako hI jalAto hai. dUsare padArtha ko nahIM, isalie krodha karatA huA puruSa dUsare ko jalAne kI icchA se apane zarIra para hI agni pheMkatA hai apane Apa ko bhI naSTa karane vAle krodhIjana hara prakAra kA duSkarma kara sakate hai | yadi apakAra karane vAle manuSya para kopa hai to dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ke nAzaka krodha para hI krodha karanA caahie| rAgAsakta janoM meM yogya-ayogya kA vicAra nahIM rahatA hai |smst kArya chor3akara striyoM meM Asakta rahanA samasta anartha se sambandha jor3ane vAlA hai / samasta sura aura asuroM ke sAtha yuddha kI khAja rakhane vAle bhujadaNDa kI maNDalI se anAyAsa uThAe hue kailAzaparvata ke dvArA jisakA parAkrama kaSThokta thA aura pratApa ke bhaya se namaskAra karane vAle aneka vidyAdharoM ke muphuTa rUpa maNimaya pAda caukiyoM para jisake caraNa lauTa rahe the aisA rAvaNa bhI snehAtireka se sItA ke viSaya meM vivaza ho raNa ke agrabhAga meM lakSmaNa ko mArane ke lie chor3e hue cakrarala se mRtyu ko prApta huA / isa loka aura paraloka ko naSTa karane vAlI tRSNA aura krodha meM bheda nahIM hai / ghana se andhe manuSya satpatha ko na sunate haiM, na samajhate haiM, na usa para calate haiM aura calate hue bhI kArya kI pUrNatA ko nahIM prApta kara sakate hai | saMsAra meM eka hI padArtha ke viSaya meM icchA ke kAraNa spardhA sabhI ke bar3hatI hai, kintu mAtsarya se sabhI naSTa ho jAtA hai | ISyA karane vAle vyaktiyoM ko kyA-kyA khoTe kArya rucikara nahIM lagate hai | matsara yukta puruSoM ke vastu ke yathArthasvarUpa kA vicAra nahIM hotA hai | prANiyoM meM mamatvabuddhi se utpanna huA moha vizeSa hotA hai| isake atirikta paMcendriyoM se utpanna moha eka dUsare se bar3hakara hotA hai|" | moha kA tyAga karanA cAhie. kyoMki thor3A bhI moha dehadhAriyoM kI AsthA ko asthAna meM girA detA hai| nItivAkyAmRta meM anyAya se kie gae kAma, krodha, lobha, mada, mAna aura harSa ye rAjAoM ke 6 antaraMga zatru samUha kahe gae haiM / paraparigRhIta (vezyA, parastrI) aura kanyAoM se viSayabhoga karanA kAma hai| kAmI puruSa atyanta bar3hI huI kAmavAsanA ke kAraNa saMsAra meM koI aisA akAya nahIM hai, jise nahIM karatA hai| jo vyakti apanI aura zatru kI zakti ko na jAnakara krodha karatA hai, vaha krodha usake vinAza kA kAraNa hai | niSkAraNa kopa karane vAle rAjAke pAsa sevaka nahIM taharate haiM / atyanta krodha karane vAle manuSyoM kA aizvarya agni meM par3e hue namaka ke samAna saikar3oM prakAra se naSTa ho jAtA hai | kisI bhI kroghI puruSa ke sAmane nahIM ThaharanA caahie|" / krothI puruSa jisa kisI ko sAmane dekhatA hai, usI ke Upara sUrya ke samAnaropa rUpI jahara pheMka detA hai| atyanta krodhI puruSa baliSTha hone para bhI aSThApa' ke samAna cirakAla taka jIvita nahIM rahatA hai| dAna karane yogya dharmapAtra aura kAryapAtra Adi ko dhana na denA tathA corI, chalakapaTa aura vizvAsaghAta Adi anyAyoM se dUsaroM kI sampatti ko har3apa jAnA lopa hai saMsAra meM dhana milane se kise usakA lobha nahIM hotA hai | jabaki vRkSa apane ghana kA bhoga nahIM karate tathApi ve bho ghana ke icchuka hote haiM to dhana kA upayoga karane vAle manuSyoM kA to kahanA bhI kyA hai ? (kuTumba Adi ke saMrakSaNa meM asamartha) kevala udarapUrti karane vAle lobhI puruSa ko usakI strI chor3a deto hai, vRhaspati ke samAna buddhimAna puruSa bhI adhika lopa, Alasya va vizvAsa karane se mArA jAtA

Page #76
haiyA | ugA jAtA hai / lobhI ke samasta guNa niSkAna hote haiM" manuSyA kA kA prana prazasabhAya hai, jo dUsaroM dvArA bhogA jA sake / jisako dhanIpuruSa roga ke samAna svayaM bhogatA hai vaha kRpaNa dhana nindaya hai| jisa dhana ke dvArA zaraNa meM Ae hue AzritoM kA bharaNa poSaNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, vaha kRpaNadhana vyartha hai 37 1 ziSTAcAra se vizuddha pravRtti ko na chor3anA, pArakAryoM meM pravRtti karanA tathA Apta puruSoM kI zAsvavihita bAta ko na mAnanA mAna hai| apane kula, bala. aizvarya, rUpa, vidyA Adi ke dvArA ahaMkAra karanA athavA dUsaroM kI bar3hatI ko rokanA mada hai / eka anya sthAna para somadeva ne madyapAna va strIsaMbhoga se hone vAle harSa ko mada kahA hai| binA prayojana dUsaroM kI kaSTa pahuMcAkara mana meM prasanna honA yA dhanAdi kI prApti hone para mAnasika prasannatA R honA harSa hai| 2. trivargakA avirodharUpase sevana - uttama rAjA ke dharma, artha aura kAma paraspara meM kimI ko bAdhA nahIM pahuMcAte haiN| isake prayoga kI nipuNatA ke kAraNa ye tInoM varga ( dharma, artha aura kAma mAnoM paraspara bhintratAko prApta ho jAte haiM | AcArya guNabhadra ke anumAra bhI rAjA paraspara kI anukUlatA se dharma,artha aura kAmarUpa trivarga kI vRddhi karatA hai| vAdodhasiMha ke anumAra yadi paraspara virodha ke binA dharma, artha aura kAma sevana kie jAte haiM nA bAdhArahina mukha milatA hai aura krama se mokSa bhI milatA hai| yadi rAjA sukha cAhatA hai to ( kAya ke kAraNa) dharma aura artha puruSArtha nahIM chor3e, kyoMki binA mUla kAraNa ke sukha nahIM ho sakatA hai / jo apayaza rUpI rASTra ko utpanna karane ke lie varSA Rtu ke samAna hai, dharmarUpI kamalavana ko nirdhAlita karane ke liA rAtri ke prArambha ke samAna hai, jo artha puruSAdhaM ko naSTa karane ke lie kaThora rAjayakSmA ke samAna hai, mUrkhajanoM se jisameM bhIr3a-bhAr3a utpanna kI jAtI hai aura videkojana jimako nindA karate haiM aise kAma ke mArga meM buddhimAn apanA paira nahIM rakhate haiM / ataH dharma aura artha kA virodha na kara kAma sukha kA upabhoga kara rAjadharma ko na chor3ate hue pRthvI kA pAlana karanA caahie| nItivAkyAmRta ke samAna jo vyakti kAma aura artha ko chor3akara dharma kA hI satata vana karatA hai vaha pake hue dhAnyAdi ke kheta ko chor3akara jaMgala kI jotatA hai / ata: (rAjA) dharma . artha aura kAma kA samAna rUpa se sevana kare / jo manuSya dharma, artha aura kAma ina tInoM puruSArtho meM se kevala eka kA hI nirantara sevana karatA hai, vaha kevala usI puruSArtha ko vRddhi karatA hai aura dUsare puruSArthoM ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| indriyoM ko na jItane vAloM ko kisI bhI kArya meM saphalatA nahIM milatI hai / iSTapadArtha meM Asakti na karane vAle aura virUddha bastu meM pravRtta na hone vAle vyakti ko jitendriya kahate haiN| kAmI vyakti (ko manmArga para lAne) ko koI auSadhi nahIM hai| striyoM meM atyanta Asikta karane vAle purupa kA dhana, dharma aura zarIra naSTa ho jAtA hai / ata: dharma aura artha do avirodha pUrvaka kAma sevana kare, umase sukhI hogaa| jo vyakti kApa se jIta jAtA hai (kAma ke vazIbhUta hai) vaha rAjya ke aMgoM (svAmI, AmAtya, rASTra, durga, kopa aura senA Adi) se zaktizAlI zatruoM para kaise vijaya prApta kara sakatA hai ? jo vyakti notizAmba se virUddha kAmasevana ra vezyAsevana, parastrIgamana) karatA hai, vaha samRddha hone para bhI cirakAla taka mukhI nahIM raha sakatA hai / eka kAla meM kartavya rUpa se prApta hue dharma, artha aura kAmapuruSArthoM meM meM pUrva kA puruSArtha hI zreSTha hai / samaya (kArya kA samaya) kA mahana na hone se dUsare puruSArtha ko apekSA arthapuruSArtha zreSTha hai, kyoMki dharma aura kAma puruSArtha kA mUla kAraNa artha hai /

Page #77
3.madhyama vRttikAAzraya - uttama rAjA na to atyanta kaThora hotA hai aura na atyanta komala, apitu madhyama vRtti kA AnAya kara jagat ko vazIbhUta karatA hai| 4. kArya ko svayaM nizcita karanA - zreSTha rAjA svayaM hI kArya kA nizcaya kara letA hai, mantrI usake nirAkAra hue kAra ko maH prama pAra hai| 5. zAnti aura pratApa - pRthvI ko jItane vAle rAjA namrIbhuta rAjAoM ko santuSTa karate haiM aura virodhI rAjAoM ko acchI taraha santapata karate haiM, kyoMki zAnti aura pratApa ye ho rAjAoM ke yogya guNa hai| ahaMkArI rAjAoM ko daNDita karanA aura uttama kArya karane vAle rAjAoM para anugraha karanA, kSatriyoM kA yaha dharma nyAyapUrNa kahA gayA hai| 6. zatruoM kA vijetA honA - rAjA ko bAhya aura Antarika zatruoM kA vijetA honA cAhie / zreSTha rAjA kuTila (vakra) manuSyoM ko apane parAkrama se ho jIta letA hai, aise rAjA kI saptAMga senA kevala ADambara mAtra hotI hai | rAjA kA rAjya dUsare ke dvArA tiraskRta ho aura na vaha dUsaroM kA tiraskAra kare |AvazyakatA par3ane para rAjA apane bhujadaNDoM se zatruoM ke samUha ko khaNDita kara de| vaha kisI purAne mArga ko apane AcaraNa ke dvArA nayA kara de aura pazcAtI logoM ke lie vahI mArga phira purAnA ho jAyaH rAjA ko pratApa rUpIbar3avAnala kI caMcala jvAloM ke samUha se dedIpyamAna honA caahie| zatruddhArA jisakA sainya naSTa kara diyA gayA hai aisAzaktihIna rAjA apane jhuNDa me bhraSTa hue akele hAthI ke samAna kisake vaza meM nahIM kiyA jAtA hai arthAt sabhI ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / jisakI samasta jalarAzi nikala cukI hai aise jalazUnya tAlAba meM vartamAna magara Adi jaise jalasarpa ke samAna nirviSa tathA kSINazakti ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra sainya ke kSama ho jAne se rAjA bhI kSINa zakti ho jAtA hai vana se nikalA siMha jisa prakAra gIdar3a ke samAna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra aise vyakti ko sthiti hotI hai / ata: zatru se yuddha karanA athavA bhAga jAnA ina donoM meM jaba vinAza nizcita ho taba prahAra karanA hI zreyaskara hai, kyoMki prahAra karane meM aikAntika vinAza nahIM hotA hai | yogya kI gati kuTila hotI hai, kyoMki vaha marane kI kAmanA karane vAle ko dIrghAyu detI hai va jIvana kI AkAMkSA karane vAle ko mAra DAlatI hai |at: rAjA ko cAhie ki lar3AI ke samaya paracakra se Ae hue kisI bhI aparIkSita vyakti ko apane pakSa meM na milAe / yadi milAnA ho to acchI taraha parIkSA karake milAe parantu use vahA~ Thaharane na de aura zatru ke kuTumbI jo usase nArAja hokara vahA~ se cale Ae haiM, unheM parIkSApUrvaka apane meM milAkara ThaharAne, kintu anya ko nahIM / itihAsa batalAtA hai ki kRkAlAsa nAma ke senApati ne apane svAmI se zuTha kalaha kara zatru ke hRdaya meM apanA vizvAsa karAkara apane svAmo ke pratipakSI vizvAsa nAmaka rAjA ko mAra DAlA | 7. prajApAlana - rAjA ke rAjya meM cAroM vargoM aura AzrayoM ke loga uttama dharma ke kAryoM icchAnusAra pravRtti kreN| vaha apane rAjya kA bhAiyoM meM vibhAjana kara sukhapUrvaka rAjya kA upabhoga kare / jisa prakAra kumbhakAra ke hAtha meM lagI huI miTTI usake vaza meM rahatI hai, usI prakAra bar3ebar3e guNoM se zobhAyamAna rAjA kI samasta pRthvI usake vaza meM rahatI hai / prajA ke anurAga se rAjA ko acintya mahimA prApta hotI hai /

Page #78
68 nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra prajApAlana hI rAjA kA yajJa hai, na ki prANiyoM kI bali denaa| rAjA prajA ke logoM ko jo binA kisI vyasana ke kSINa dhana vAle ho gae hoM mUladhana dekara santuSTa kare 1 samudra paryanta pRthvI rAjA kA kuTumba hai aura anna pradAna dvArA prajA kA saMrakSaNa, saMvarddhana karane vAle kheta usakI striyA~ haiN| yadi rAjA rAjakIya kAryoM meM mRta vyaktiyoM kI saMtati kA poSaNa nahIM karatA to vaha unakA RNI rahatA hai aisA karane se usake maMtrI Adi bhalI bhA~ti sevA nahIM karate haiM * / prajA kI vRddhi karane ke nimnalikhita upAya hai - 1. dhana naSTa hone se vipatti meM phaMse hue kuTumbI janoM kI dravya se sahAyatA krnaa| 2. prajA se anyAyapUrvaka sRNamAtra bhI adhika kara na lenA / 3. samaya Ane para yathAparAdha anukUla daNDa na denA / 4. yathArtha meM prabhu vahI hai jo anekoM kA bharaNa poSaNa karatA hai / arjunavRkSa ko usa phala sampadA se kyA lAbha hai jo dUsaroM ke dvArA upayogya nahIM hotI / rAjA ko aparAdhiyoM ke jurmAne se Ae hue juA meM jIte hue, lar3AI meM mAre hue, nadI, tAlAba aura rAstA Adi meM manuSyoM ke dvArA bhUle hue dhana kA aura coroM ke dhana kA tathA anAtha striyA~ rakSakahIna kanyA kA dhana tathA viplava ke kAraNa janatA ke dvArA chUTe hue dhanoM kA svayaM upabhoga kahA~ karanA caahie| AAMgoM kI rakSA karanA, zastradhAraNa kara jIvikA nirvAha karanA, ziSTa puruSoM kI bhalAI karanA, dIna puruSoM kA uddhAra karanA aura yuddha se na bhAganA ye kSatriyoM ke kartavya hai ** / 8. vIratA rAjA ko vIra honA cAhie, kyoMki yaha pRthvI vIra manuSyoM se bhogane yogya hotI hai" / isI kA samarthana karate hue somadeva ne kahA hai- kulaparamparA se calI jAne vAlo pRthvI kisI rAjA kI nahIM hotI hai, balki vaha vIra puruSa dvArA ho bhogapane yogya hotI hai / rAjAoM 'kI nauti va parAkrama kI sArthakatA apanI bhUmi kI rakSA ke lie hai, na ki bhUmi tyAga ke lie " / bar3hI huI hai pratApa rUpI tRtIya netra kI agni jisakI, paramaizvarya ko prApta hone vAlA, rASTra ke kaNTakazatrurUpa dAnavoM ke saMhAra meM prayatnazIla vijigISu rAjA maheza ke samAna mAnA gayA hai / jo rAjA parAkramarahita haiM, usakA rAjya vaNik kI talavAra ke samAna vyartha hai / 9. jAgRti- rAjA ko apane hRdaya kA bhI vizvAsa nahIM karanA cAhie, phira dUsaroM kI to bAta hI kyA hai ? svabhAva se sarala apane hRdaya se utpanna saba logoM para vizvAsa karane kI Adata samasta anarthoM kA mUla hai| rAjA loga naToM ke samAna mantriyoM ke Upara apane vizvAsa kA abhinaya karate haiM, parantu hRdaya se una para vizvAsa nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki cirakAla ke paricaya se bar3e hue vizvAsa ke kAraNa mantriyoM para rAjya kA bhAra rakhane vAle rAjA unhIM mantriyoM dvArA mAre gae haiN| aisI loka kathAaiM sunane meM AtI hai| saba upAyoM ko karane meM udyata sabako zatruoM kI kapaTavRtti se prApta hone vAle vinAza ke upAya kA sadA nirAkaraNa karate rahanA caahie| zatruoM ke vaza meM par3I striyoM aura puruSa nigRhya (tiraskAra ke pAtra ) hote haiN| kitane hI loga khAnA, sonA, pInA aura vastra dhAraNa karate samaya kaSTa utpanna karane vAlA viSa milAkara mArane kA yatna kara sakate hai / - 10. niyamapUrvaka kArya karanA rAjA ko rAtri aura dina kA vibhAga karake niyata kAryoM ko karanA cAhie, kyoMki samaya nikala jAne para karane yogya kArya bigar3a jAtA hai / AJ

Page #79
11.vidvacA - manuSya jinheM jAnakara apanI AtmA ke hita kI prApti aura ahita kA parihAra karatA hai, unheM vidyAyeM kahate haiM / jisa puruSa dravya meM sajjana puruSoM dvArA nIti, AcAra sampatti aura zUratA Adi prajApAnana meM upayogI guNa sikhAe jAkara sthira ho gae hoM, vaha puruSa rAjA hone ke yogya hai jo rAjA na to vidyAoM kA abhyAsa karatA hai aura na vidvAnoM kI saMgati karatA hai, vaha niraMkuza hAthI ke samAna zIghra hI naSTa ho AtA hai| jisa prakAra jala ke samIpa vartamAna vRkSoM kI chAyA kucha apUrva ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra vidvAnoM ke samIpa vartamAna puruSoM kI kAnti mI apUrva ho jAtI hai / jisa prakAra bahAdura manuSya bhI hathiyAroM ke binA zatruoM se parAjita kara diyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra buddhimAn puruSa nItizAstra ke jJAna ke binA zatruoM ke vaza meM ho jAtA hai / jo padArtha yA prayojana netroM se pratIta nahIM hotA, usako prakAza karane ke lie zAstra manuSyoM kA tIsarA netra hai jisa puruSa ne zAstroM kA adhyayana nahIM kiyA vaha cakSusahita hokara bhI anyA hai: |andhe ke samAna dUsare (maMtrI Adi) se prerita rAjA ko honA acchA hai, kintu jo thor3e jJAna ke kaga hai, usa iMsAna nahIM samaya meM vidhAna pradhAnadhana hai, kyoMki yaha coroM ke dvArA curAI nahIM jAto hai evaM dUsare janma meM bhI jIvAtmA ke sAtha jAtI hai | jisa prakAra nIce mArga se bahane vAlI nadI apane pravAhavartI padArthoM (tRNAdi) ko dUravartI samudra se milA detI hai, usI prakAra nIca puruSa kI vidyA bhI bar3I kaThinAI se darzana hone yogya rAjA se milA detI hai| vidyA kAmadhenu ke samAna vidvAnoM ke manorartha pUrNa karane vAlI hai, kyoMki usase unheM samasta saMsAra meM pratiSThA va bodha prApta hotA hai| jisa prakAra navIna miTTI ke bartana meM kiyA huA saMskAra brahmA ke dvArA bhI nahIM badalA jA sakatA hai, usI prakAra komala baccoM ke hRdaya meM kiyA gayA saMskAra mI badalA nahIM jA sakatA hai / ata: jo vaMza paramparA, sadAcAra, vidyA aura kulInatA meM vizuddha hoM ve hI vidvAna rAjAoM ke guru ho sakate haiM / jo rAjA AdhyAtma vidyA vidvAna hotA hai yaha sahaja (kaSAya aura ajJAna se hone vAle rAjasika aura tAmasika duHkha) zArIra (bukhAra, galagaNDa Adi bImAriyoM se hone vAlI pIr3A), mAnasika ( parakalatra Adi kI lAlasA se hone vAle kaSTa) evaM Agantuka duHkhoM ( bhaviSya meM hone vAle ativRSTi, anAvRSTi aura zayukta AkAra Adi kAraNoM se hone vAle duHkha) se pIr3ita nahIM hotA hai / ihaloka sambandhI vyavahAroM kA jo nirupaNa karatA hai use lokAyata kahate haiN| jo rAjA lokAyata mata ko bhalIbhAMti jAnatA hai vaha rASTra kaSTa ko (cora Adi) ko jar3amUla se ukhAr3a detA hai / jisa prakAra upayoga zUnya bahuta samudra jala se koI lApta nahIM hai, usI prakAra vidvAna ke kartavyajJAna karAne meM asamartha pracurajJAna se koI lAma nahIM hai| 12. yathAparAdha daNDa - rAjA ko aparAdhiyoM ko unake aparAdha ke anukUla daNDa denA caahie| jisa kArya ke karane meM mahAn dharma kI prApti hotI hai, vaha bAhya se pAparUpa hokara mI pApa nahIM samajhA jAtA hai / jo rAjA duSToM kA nigraha nahIM karatA hai, usakA rAjya use naraka meM le jAtA haibas | jo manuSya sadA kevala dayA kA vyavahAra karatA hai vaha apane hAtha meM rakhe hue ghana ko bacAne meM bhI samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai | sadA zAnticitta rahane vAle manuSya kA loka meM kauna parAbhava nahIM karatA hai, sabhI parAbhava karate haiM / aparAdhiyoM para kSamA dhAraNa karanA sAdhu puruSoM kA bhUSaNa hai, rAjAoM kA nahIM hai | jo manuSya apanI zakti se krodha aura prasannatA nahIM karatA hai, use dhikkAra hai jo pratikUla vyakti ke prati parAkrama nahIM karatA, vaha jIvita hotA huA bhI

Page #80
70 mare ke samAna hai / rAkhna ke samAna tema zUnya vyakti ko sabhI ni:zaMka hokara parAjita karane ko tatpara rahate haiN| ___13. nyAya parAyaNatA - jaba rAjA nyAyapUrvaka pitA kA pAlana karatA hai taba mamI dizAyeM prajA ko abhilASita vastuyeM dene vAlI hotI hai / nyAyI rAjA ke prabhAva se meghoM se yathAsamaya jalavRSTi hotI hai aura sabhI prakAra ke upadrava zAnta hote haiM tathA samasta lokapAla rAjo kA anusaraNa karate haiM / usI kAraNa vidvAn rAjA komadhyama lokapAla (madhyaloka kArakSaka) hone para bhI uttama lokapAla (svargaloka kA rakSaka) kahate haiN| ____14. satsaGgati - duSToM kI satsaGgati anta meM daHkha dene vAlI hotI hai|" / vidyAoM kA abhyAsa na karane vAlA mUrkha manuSya bhI viziSTa puruSoM kI satsaGgati se uttama jJAna prApta kara letA ____15. dAna denA - usa megha se kyA lAbha jo samaya para pAnI nahIM barasAtA, isI prakAra yaha kyA svAmI hai jo Azrita vyaktiyoM kI saMkaTa ke samaya sahAyatA nahIM karatA hai jo dhana yA abhilASita vastu dekara dUsaroM kI malAI karatA hai, vahI udArapuruSa logoM kA pyArA hotA hai / saMsAra meM vahI dAtA zreSTha hai, jisakA mana pAtra (yAntraka) se pratyupakAra yA dhanAdi lAbha kI icchA se dUSita nahIM hotA hai 15 | rAjA dvArA vidvAna brAhmaNoM ko itanI jamIna dAna meM dI jAnI cAhie. jisameM gAya ke ramhAne kA zabda sunAI na par3e kyoMki itanI bhUmi dene se dAtA aura gRhItA ko sukha milatA hai / kSetra, tAlAba, koTa, gRha aura mandira kA dAna ina pA~ca vastuoM ke dAna meM AgeAge kI vastuoM kA dAna pUrva ke dAna ko bAdhita kara detA hai arthAt Age-Age kA dAna prazasta hotA hai| 16. pratyupakAra - pratyupakAra karane vAle kA upakAra bar3hane vAlI dharohara ke samAna hai / jo loga pratyupakAra kie binA ho paropakAra kA upabhoga karate haiM ve janmAntara meM upakArI dAtAoM ke RNI hote haiM ! usa gAya se kyA lAbha hai jo ki dUdha nahIM detI aura na garbhavatI hai ? isI prakAra usa manuSya ke upakAra se kyA lAbha hai jo ki vartamAna yA bhaviSya meM pratyupakAra nahIM kara sakatA ? 17.samayAnusAra kArya karanA - yogya samaya prApta na hone taka apakAra karane vAle ke prati sAdhu vyavahAra karanA cAhie | manuSya Idhana ko Aga meM jalAne ke uddezya se apane zira para dhAraNa karate haiN| isI prakAra zatru ko parAjita karane ke lie samaya na Ane taka usake sAtha ThIka vyavahAra kare / dhaure-dhIre vaha use parAjita kara degA / nadI kA vega apane taTa ke vRkSoM ke caraNa (jar3eM) prakSAlana karatA huA bhI unheM jar3a se ukhAr3a detA hai / ukta nIti se viparIta abhimAnI puruSa hastagata kArya kA bhI vinAza kara detA hai / 18. jitendriyatA - jisa manuSya kI cittavRtti anya dhana ke samAna parastriyoM ke dekhane para bhI lAlasA rahita hai, vaha pratyakSa devatA hai, manuSya nahIM | 19. gopanIyatA - apanI bAta ko gopanIya rakhanA rAjA kA bahuta bar3A guNa hai| chatracUr3AmaNi ke anusAra jaba saka isa kArya kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai, taba taka zatru kI ArAdhanA kreN| isI nIti

Page #81
71 kA avalambana jIvanadharasvAmI ke mAmA govindarAja ne kiyA thA / yadyapi ve pApI kASThAMgAra ka vinAza hRdaya se cAhate the, phira bhI anukUla samaya ko pratIkSA karate hue unhoMne kASThAMgAra ke sAtha pratyakSa rUpa se apane snehabhAva pradarzana karane meM kisI prakAra kI kamI na kii| jisake prANoM ke ve pyAse the, usake hI pAsa unhoMne bheMTa bhejakara bAhya rUpa se sammAna kA bhAva pradarzita kiyA thA (cha. cU. 10/22, anekAntaM varSa 5 kiraNa 3-4 a maI 1942 pR. 148 149 ) mudrArAkSasa meM rAjanIti kI vicitratA ina zabdoM meM varNita kI gaI hai kabhI to usakA zvAsa spaSTa pratIta hotA hai, kabhI vaha gahana ho jAtI hai aura usakA jJAna nahIM ho pAtA, prayojanavaza kabhI vaha sampUrNa aMga yukta hotI hai aura kabhI atyanta sUkSma ho jAtI hai, kabhI to usakA bIja hI vinaSTa pratIta hotA haiM aura kabhI vaha bahuta phalavAlI ho jAtI hai| aho ! nItijJa kI nauti deva ke sadRza vicitra AkAra vAlI hotI hai| (mudrArAkSasa 5 ( 3 ) 1 - 20. anItipUrNa AcaraNa kA parityAga anItipUrNa AcaraNa kA pariNAma burA hotA hai, isa bAta kA nizcaya isase hotA hai ki rAjA ko dhokhA dene vAlA kASThAMgAra jIvandhara mahArAja ke dvArA mArA gyaa| isa para AcArya ne kahA hai- 'svayaM nAzIhi nAzaka:' ( ru. cU. 10/50) anya kA vinAza karane vAle kA svayaM nAza hotA hai| isa pRthvI kA zAsana durbala vyaktiyoM dvArA nahIM ho sakatA, yaha vasundharA vIroM ke dvArA bhogane yogya hai (cha. cU. 10/30 ) / atyAcArI kASThAMgAra ne prajA kA utpIr3ana kiyA thA, usane balAt prajA kA khUna cUsA thA, isa kAraNa mahArAja jIvandhara ne rAjya kA zAsana sUtra hAtha meM lete hI 12 varSa ke lie pRthvI ko kara rahita kara diyA thaa| isakA kAraNa kavivara yaha batalAte haiM ki bhaiMsoM ke dvArA gaMdA kiyA gayA pAnI zIghra nirmala nahIM hotA (cha. . 10/57) 21. dhArmikatA - anAvazyaka hiMsA Adi se bhaya rakhane ke kAraNa kSatriya vratI mAne gae hai ( cha. cU. 10/38 ) / dhArmika nareza saphalatA prApta karane ke anantara saphalatA ke mUla kAraNa vItarAga sarvajJa paramAtmA ke caraNoM kI ArAdhanA ko nahIM bhUlate haiM, isI bAta ko jAnane ke lie jIvandhara svAmI ke dvArA yuddha meM vijaya hone ke pazcAt rAjapurI meM jAkara jinabhagavAn ke abhiSeka karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki bhagavAn kI divya samIpatA hone para siddhiyoM bina bAghA ke ho jAtI haiM (cha. cU. 10/41 ) 1 rAjA ke doSa padmamacarita meM durAcArI rAjAoM kA bhI ullekha huA hai / udAharaNa ke lie rAjA saudAsa, jo ki naramAMsa meM atyadhika Asakta hone ke kAraNa prajA dvArA nagara se nikAla diyA gayA thA / rAjA vajrakarNa ko durAcArI siddha karane ke lie use atyanta krUra, indriyoM kA vazagAmI, mUrkha, sadAcAra se vimukha bhogoM meM Asakta, sUkSma tattva ke vicAra se zUnya tathA bhogoM se utpanna mahAgarva se dUSita kahA gayA hai| AdipurANa ke anusAra doSayukta rAjAoM meM prAya: : nimnalikhita doSa hote haiM - 1. sadAtRSNA se yukta honA / 2. mUrkha manuSyoM se ghirA honA / 3. guruoM ( pUjyajanoM) kA tiraskAra karanA 14. apanI jabadastI dikhalAnA / 5. apane guNa tathA dUsare ke doSoM ko prakaTa karanA* / 6. adhika kara lenA / 7. asthira prakRti kA honA / B. dUsare ke apamAna se malina huI vibhUti ko dhAraNa karanA /

Page #82
72 9. kaThinAI se darzana honA / 10. putra kA kuputra honA / 11. sahAyaka mitra tathA durga Adi AdhAroM se rahita honA / 12. caMcala, nirdayI, asahanazIla aura dveSI honA / 13. bure logoM se ghirA honA ! 15. binA krama ke pratyeka kArya meM Age AnA / 14. viSaya khoTe mArga meM calanA / - guNabhadra ke anusAra doSI yA anyAyI rAjA sabako santAna dene vAlA, kaThora Taiksa lagAne vAlA, krUra, anavasthita ( kabhI santuSTa aura kabhI asantuSTa rahane vAlA) tathA pRthvImaNDala ko naSTa karane vAlA hotA hai / isake phalasvarUpa vaha aneka prakAra ke daNDoM ko pAtA hai / rAjA kI ahaMkAra chor3a denA cAhie, ahaMkArI loga kyA nahIM krte| azubha karma ke udaya se koI rAjA dyUta jaise vyasanoM meM Asakta ho jAtA hai / mantriyoM aura kuTumbiyoM ke rokane para bhI vaha unase prerita hue ke samAna una vyasanoM meM Asakta rahatA hai, phalasvarUpa apanA deza, dhana, bala, rAnI saba kucha hAra jAtA hai" / krodha se utpanna hone vAle madya, mAMsa aura zikAra ina tIna vyasanoM meM tathA kAma se utpanna hone vAle juA, corI vezyA aura parastrI sevana ina cAra vyasanoM meM juA khelane ke samAna nIca vyasana nahIM hai / satya jaise mahAn guNa ko juA khelane vAlA sabase pahale hAratA haiM, pIche lajjA, abhimAna, kula, sukha, sajjanatA, bandhuvarga, dharma, dravya, kSetra, ghara, yaza, , mAtA-pitA, bAla bacce, striya aura svayaM apane Apako hAratA naSTa karatA hai| juA khelane vAlA manuSya atyAsakti ke kAraNa na snAna karatA hai, na bhojana karatA hai, na sotA hai aura ina Avazyaka kAryoM kA rodha ho jAne se rogI ho jAtA haiN| juA khelane se dhana prApta hotA hai, yaha bAta bhI nahIM hai, juArI vyakti vyartha hI kleza uThAtA hai, aneka doSa utpanna karane vAle pApa kA saMcaya karatA hai, ninda kArya kara baiThatA hai, sabakA zatru bana jAtA hai, dUsare logoM kI yAcanA karane lagatA hai aura dhana ke lie nahIM karane yogya kAryoM meM pravRtti karane lagatA hai / bandhujana use chor3a dete haiM evaM rAjA kI ora se use aneka kaSTa prApta hote haiM / rAjA suketu isakA dRSTAnta hai, vaha juA ke dvArA apanA rAjya hI harA baiThA thA isalie ubhaya loka kA kalyANa cAhane vAlA vyakti juA ko se chor3a de / dUra AcArya somadeva ne rAjA ke nimnalikhita doSa batalAe haiM. - - 1. mUrkhatA saMsAra meM rAjA kA na honA acchA hai, kintu mUrkha rAjA kA honA acchA nahIM 40, kyoMki saMsAra meM ajJAna ko chor3akara dUsarA koI pazu nahIM hai| mUrkha aura haThI (durvidagdha ) rAjA ke abhiprAya ko nIle raMga meM raMge hue vastra ke samAna koI badalane meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / jaba manuSya dravya prakRti (rAjya pada ke yogya rAjanaitika jJAna aura AcAra sampatti) Adi sadguNa ko tyAgakara adravyaprakRti (mUrkhatA, anAcAra, kAyaratA Adi doSa) ko prApta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha pAgala hAthI kI taraha rAjyapada ke yogya nahIM rahatA hai| ziva ke kaNTha meM lagA vida viSa hI hai usI prakAra uccapada para AsIna mUrkha mUrkha hI hai" / mUrkha manuSya jo kArya karate haiM, usameM unheM bahuta kleza uThAnA par3atA hai aura phala thor3A milatA hai / mUrkha manuSya kA ziSTa puruSoM dvArA sevana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai /

Page #83
2.duSTatA - jo yogya ayogya ke vicAra se rahita tathA viparIta buddhi se yukta hai, use duSTa (duvinIta) kahate haiN| duvinIta yA duSTa rAjA se prajA kA vinAza hI hotA hai, koI anya upadrava nahIM hotA hai | 3. durAcAra - durAcAra viSabhakSaNa kI taraha samasta guNoM ko dUSita kara detA hai rAjA kA prajA ke sAtha anyAya karanA samudra kA maryAdA ullaMghana, sUrya kA a~dherA phailAnA tathA mAtA kA apane bacce ke bhakSaNa karane ke samAna kisI ke dvArA nivAraNa na kiyA jAne vAlA mahAbhayaMkara anartha hai, jise kali kAla kA prabhAva kahanA caahie| calacitra-jikAzitayA kilI gIgArya ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA 5.svatantratA - svatantra rahane vAlA (maMtrI Adi se pUchakara kArya na karane vAlA) yakAyaka kisI kArya ko karane ke kAraNa saba kucha vinaSTa kara detA hai | 6.Alasya - AlasI puruSa samasta kAryoM ke yogya nahIM hotA hai| vaha avazya hI zatruoM ke vaza meM ho jAtA hai | 7.apanI zakti ko na jAnanA - apanI zakti ko na jAnakara (zatru ke sAtha yuddha karanA) vinAzakAla meM pataMgoM ke paMkha uThane kI taraha apanA vinAza kara DAlatA hai| 8. adhArmikatA - rAjA ke adhArmika hone para kauna adharma meM pravRtta nahIM hotA hai| 9.balAtkArapUrvaka prajA sevana grahaNa- jo rAjA balAtkArapUrvaka prajA se dhana grahaNa karatA hai, usakA Arthika lAbha mahala ko naSTa karake lohe kI kIla ko prApta karane ke samAna hAnikAraka hotA hai| aise rAjA ke rAjya meM kisakA kalyANa ho sakatA hai? kisI kA bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai / yadi devatA mI corI se mila jAya to prajA kA kuzala kaise ho sakatA hai ? rizvata Adi ghRNita upAya dvArA prajA kA dhana apaharaNa karane vAlA rAjA apane deza, koza, mitra va tantra (sainya) ko naSTa kara detA hai / 10. anyAya - anyAyI puruSa kI sampattiyA~ cirakAlIna nahIM hotI / jo anyAya kI upekSA karatA hai usakA saba kucha naSTa ho jAtA hai / jo rAjA yA vaidha apanI jIvikA ke lie prajA ke doSoM kA anveSaNa karatA hai, vaha rAjA yA vaidya nahIM hai / jo rAjA pakI huI dhAnya kI phasala kATate samaya apane rASTra ke khetoM meM se senA nikAlatA hai, usakA deza akAla pIr3ita ho jAtA hai| 11, yathAparAdha daNDa na denA - jo rAjA ajJAna athavA kAma aura krodha ke vazIbhUta hokara anucita daNDa detA hai usase saba dveSa karane lagate haiM / cikitsA zAstra ke anusAra davAI karane se jaise roga zAnta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra aparAdhiyoM ko ucita daNDa dene para aparAdha naSTa ho jAtA hai / lagAna na dene ke kAraNa kisAnoM kI saMparipakva dhAnyamaMjarI grahaNa karane vAlA (rAjA) apanI prajA ko dUsare deza meM bhagA detA hai| 12. kSudra adhikArI racanA- jisakI sabhA meM amAtya Adi sabhAsada kSudra hote haiM vaha rAjA sapaiyukta gaha ke samAna mahA bhaMyakara hotA hai / usakA koI sevana nahIM karatA hai| ___13. svecchAcArita- svecchAcAritA AtmIyajanoM apavA zatruoM dvArAmAra diyA jAtA hai| 14. brahmaghAta - jo vyakti saMgrAmabhUmi meM apane pairoM para par3e hue bhayabhIta va zAstrahIna zatru kI hatyA karatA hai; vaha brahmaghAtI /

Page #84
1. raviSeNa: padmacarita 66/10 2. padmacaritra 27/27 3. caritra 27/28 4. padmacarita 27/26 5. vahI 27/20 6. vahI 27/21 7. vahI 27/22 8. vahI 74/92 9. harivaMzapurAma 17/12 , vahI 17/1 11. vahI 14/56 12. harivaMzapurANa 19/16 13. harivaMzapurANa 19/22 14. vahI 19/21 15. vahI 14/6 16. vaho 2/14 17. vahI 17/54 18. vahI 17/94 19. vahI 17/96-97 20. vahI 14/10 21. kSatracUDAmaNi 11/9 22. vahI 11/4 23. cha. cU. 8/28 24. vahI 10/54 25. cha. cU. 3/42 26. kSatracUr3AmaNi 1/48 27. kSa. khU. 1749 28. cintAmaNi prathama lambha pR.60 29. . cU. 1/50 30. kSa. cU. 1746 31. gadyacintAmaNi prathama labhbha pa. 60, 61 32. vahI dvitoyasamma pU. 131 33. uttarApurANa 50/3 34. vahI 52/5 35. vahI 54/117 36. vahI 55/5 74 phuTanoTa 37. vahI 56/6 38. vahI 57/5 39. vaha 53/25 40. vahI 61/26 41. vahI 59/3 42. uttarapurANa 62/30 43. vahI candraprabhucarita 520 . vahI 11 /52 44. 45. vahI 3/9 46. vahI 1/42 47. nItivAkyAmRta 17/1-3 48. vahI 5/1 49. vahI 17/4 50. vahI 17/5 51. vahI 17/28 52. vahI 17/31 53. nItivAkyAmRta 29/16 54. vahI 24/5 55. vahI 7/23 56. vahI 7/24-25 57. vahI 7/22 58. padmacarita 88 / 20, 25 59.981 88/26,27 60. vahI 88/30 63. vahI 88/31 62. vahI 88/32 63, vahI 88/33 64. varAMgacarita 11/61-68 65. vahI 11/64 66. baladeva upAdhyAya : vaidika sAhitya aura saMskRti pR. 472 67. gadyacintAmaNi ekAdaza lambha pR. 424. 68. gacintAmaNi dazama lambha pR. 375-377 69. vahI pR. 381 70. vahI pR. 382-383

Page #85
. vahIM dazamalambha pR. 383-384 71. 72. AdipurANa 5/207 73. vahI 8/254 14. vahI 16/224 75. vahI 37/3 76.96 16/227-228 77. vahI 16/225 70 hI 1/45 79 vahI 16/232 80. AdipurANa 7/318, 6/195 81. AdipurANa 11/39 82. vahI 11/40 83. vahI 11/44 B4. candraprabhacarita 7/29 85. vahI 7/30 86.461 7/31, 32 87. vahIM 7/33 88. vahI 7/34 89. vahI 7/35 90. vahI 7/36 91. vahI 7/37 92. asaga : vardhamAnacarita 2/1 93. vahI 2/19 94. vahI 2/20 95. asaga : vardhamAnacarita 2/28 96. vahI 2/30 97.98 2/31 98. varAMgacarita 12/6 99. vahIM 2/16 100. vahI 2/47 101. vahI 11/55 102. vahI 11/53 103. barAMgacarita 24 / 88 104. vahI 24/71 105. vahI 24/72 106. AdipurANa 41 /120-135 107. vahI 41 / 136-154 108 uttarapurANa 64/30 75 109. vahI 57/91 110. canadraprabhacarita 14/24 111. vardhamAnacarita 6/20 112. gadyacintAmaNi - tRtIya lambha pR. 160 113. AdipurANa 26 / 75 114, vahI 44 / 107 115. vahI 41/16 11 uttarapurANa 64/29 117 AdipurANa 16/ 257 118. AdipurANa 31/65 119. uttarapurANa 64/29 120 AdipurANa 16/262 121. yahI 4/70 122. candraprabhacarita 13/8 123. vahI 7/29 124. vahI 7/91 125. vahI 16/54 126. vahI 12/2 127. vahI 16/21 128. vahI 4 / 39 129. vardhamAnacarita 6/23 130. candraprabhacarita 5/52 131. vardhamAnacarita 10/4 132. vahI 7/84 133. uttarapurANa 68786 134 harivaMzapurANa 77173 135. vahI 7/176 136. vahI 7/125 137. harivaMzapurANa 7/130-139 138. vahI 7/141, 142 139, vahI 7/143 140. harivaMzapurANa 7/147 141. vahI sarga 7 142. Adi. 6/196 hari. 11/56, 126 143. harivaMzapurANa sarga 11 144. vahI 11/103 145. vahI 11/108 109 146. vahI 11 / 110, 111

Page #86
76 147. vahI 11/112-113 184. pAcarita 66/11-12 148, harivaMzapurANa 11/114-125 185. padmacarita 66/15-16 149. vahI 11/126-129 186. vahI 66/17-18 150. vahIM 11/131 787. vahI 37170 151. AdipurANa 37/20 188. harSacarita eka sAMskRtika adhyayana pR. 152, vahI 41/155 217 153. yahI 37/23 189. vahI pU. 219 154. vahIM 37/24 190. yahI pR. 217 155. vahIM 37/32 191. padmacarita 57/66 156. vahIM 37/33 192 vahI 57144 157. vahI 37/34-36 193. vahI 57152 158. vahIM 37/60 194. vahI 57158 159. vahI 37/61 195. vahI 102/195 160..vahIM 37162 196. sAmantagAdugyabhUmibalagavyio haribhadraH 161, vahIM 37/63 samarAikahA pR. 147 162. bahI 37/64 197. vahI pR. 147-148 153. vahI 37/65 -98 DaoN.pIcandra zAstrI : haribhadra ke prAkRta 164. vahIM 37166 kathA sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka 1165. vaho 37168 parizolana pR. 261 166. vahI 37169 199. aparAjitapRcchA pR. 203. 8215-10. 167. vahI 37/70 ___ harSacarita eka sAMskRtika adhyayana pra. 168. AdipurANa 37171 220 169. vahI 37172 200. candrapramacarita 15/15 170, vahIM 37/13 201. harivaMzapurANa 53/47 171. zukranIti 1/182-786 202. uttarapurANa 68/383 172, koTilIya arthazAstram 9/1 203. nItivAkyAmRta 3070 173. harivaMzapurANa 60/136 204. vahI 30071 174. vahI 53/49-50 205, vahI 30772 175. vahI 53152-53 206. uttarapurANa 68/384 176, harivaMzapurANa 26/6-14 207. nItivAkyAmRta 29/98 177. bahI 26/15-22 208. vahI 29/97 178. vahI 26/23 209. vahI 3013 179. harivaMzapurANa 2614 210. uttarApurANa 58/383 180. vahIM 53/47 211, AdipurANa 34136 181.DaoN.sasyaprakAza :kumArapAla caulukya pR. | 212 vahI 43/214 213. arivizremabhito'pyariH / / AdipurANa 192. zukranIsi 1/183 43/322 183.DaoN.satyaprakAza :kumArapAla caulukya pR. | 214. padAcarita 1971

Page #87
215. papacarita 55/51-70 276. vahI 55/13 217. padmacarita 47/15 218, varAMgacarita 2/28 219. SarAMgacarita 2/29 220. bahI 1373 221. vahI 2/25 222, vahI 2/24 223. varAgaMcarita 17/5-6 224. vahI 2/22 225. harivaMzapurANa 14/57 226, yahI 14/74 227. vahI 14/71 228. vahI 7/82 229. bahI 7/82 230, dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 1119 231. kauTilIya arthazAstram 6/1 232, u.pu.68771-72 233, ca, ca. 12/108 234, vahI 12/107 235. vahI 23/1 236. nItivAkyamRta 23/2 237. vahI 23/3 238. vahIM 23/4 239. vahI 23/5 240. vahIM 23/6-7 241. nItivAkyamRta 23/9 242. vahI 23/10-11 243. vahI 10/111 244. vahI 10/12 245. vahI 10/113 246. nItivAkyAmRta 10/146 247. uttarapurANa 66/4-5,67/341 248. nItivAkyamRta 17/22 249. AjJAphalamaizvaryam // vahI 17/21 250. AdipurANa 36/263 251. yahI 38/269 252. vahI 38/259 253. SahI 42/13-14 254, AdipurANa 387258 255. vahI 4215 256. vahI 38/274 257. bahI 42121-23 258. baho 38/272 259. vahIM 38/273 260. AdipurANa 42131 261. AdipurANa 42132 262. vahI 42/113 263. vahI 36:275 264. vahIM 42/114-115 265. vahI 42/116 266. vahIM 42/118 267. kI::1:3--125 26B, yahI 421134-135. 38/276 269. nItivAzyAmRta 24/1-7 270. vahIM 24/7 271. vahI 24/24 272, vahI 24/25 273. vahI 24/31 274. vahI 24/32 275. vahI 24133 276. vahI 24159 277. vahI 24/58 278. vahI 24/62 279. nItivAkyAmRta 24165 280.,vahI 24166 281. bahI 7/21 282. vahI 17/32 283. AdipurANa 42/139 284. vahI 42/184-142 285. vahI 42/143-144 286, vahI 42/143 287. AdipurANa 42/146-152 288, vahIM 42/153-160 299. AdipurANa 42/161-163 290, AdipurANa 42/164

Page #88
78 291. vahI 42/165-169 292. vahI 42/170-173 293. AdipurANa 42/074-178 294. vAhI 42/179-180 295. vahIM 42/181 296. vahIM 42/183-184 297, vahI 44/45 298. AdipurANa 42/193-196 299. vahI 42/199-203 . 300 nItivAkyAmRta 5/2 301, vahI 16/4 302. vahIM 29/18 303. vahI 24/67 304. vahI 17/23 305. nItivAkyAmRta 17/24 306. vahI 5/69 307. AdipurANa 44166 308. vahI 34/86 309. nItivAkyAmRta 29/20 310, vahIM 29/31 311, vahI 29/22 312. vahI 29/23 313, vahI 29/24 314. vahI 29/26 315. nItivAkyAmRta 29127 316. vaho 29/28 377. vahI 29/84 318. yahI 19/13 379. vahI 10/83 320. vahI 22/20 321. vahI 10/86 322. vahIM 10/85 323. vahI 10/164 324. vahIM 11/2 325. yahI 10/167 326. vahI 70/22 327. nItivAkyAmRta 10/58 328. vahI 11/37 329, vahI 10/167 330. vahI 10/165 331. vahI 8/13 332. vahI 8/14 333. vahI 8/15 334, pahA / 335. vahI 8/17 336. vahI 818 337. sahI 8/23 336. vahIM 8/24 339. nItivAkyAmRta 17133 340. vahI 11/39 341. yahI 10/69-70 342. vahI 10/87 343. vahI 10/80 344. vahI 10/88 345. pAcarita 2/53 346. vahI 2/54-56 347. vahI 58/20-24 348. vahI 66/90 349. padmacarita 27/24, 25 350. vahI 72/88 351. vahI 55/89 352. vahI 11/58 353. varAMgacarita 1/48-49 354. vahI 1/50 355. yahI 1/54 356. vahI 2/10 357. vahI 2:30 358. varAMgacarita 13:34 359. vAhI 22/4 365. vahI 21/76 366. vahI 2215 367. varAMgacarita 2216 368, vahI 2218 369. vahI 22/21 370, dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 2/1 371. hi.pa.27

Page #89
- -::-::--::-:--:---:- 372. dvi. ma. 2/8 408. vahIM pR. AdipurANa 35/175 373. dvi. ma. 279 409. vahI 46/49 .' 374. dvi. ma. 2/10 410. vahI 35:130-131 375.dvi. ma, 2/18, 20 411. vaho 28/137,4/124 276. vi. ma. 2/21 412. vahI 35/106 377. dvi. ma. 2/26 413. vahI 35/112-113 378. dvi. ma. 2/27 414. vahI 28/91 379. di. ma. TIkA 2/29 415. AdipurANa 43/729 380. dvi. ma.2/29 416. uttarapurANa 51/5 381, dvi. ma. 2/30 417. vahI 52/6 382. vi. ma.4/16 418. vahI 5279 383. ghahI 6/14 419. uttarapurANa 53/4 384. vahI 7/50 420. vahI 54/112 385. bahI 7/22 421. vahI 54/113 386. di.va. ma. 10/25 422. vahI 542114 387. di.ma. 12/37 423. vahI 54/115 388, dvi. ma. 13/34 424. vahI 5516 389. vahIM 17133 425. bahI 55/ 390. vahIM 183 426, vahI 55/10 391. yahI 18/4 427. vahI 56/7 392. dvi, ma. 13/15, 18/5 428. vahIM 57/6 393. dvi. ma. 18/123 429. vahI 574 394. vahIM 2/22 430, uttarapurANa 58/26 395. kSatra cUr3AmaNi 11/2 431.vahI 58/74 396. vAdIbhasiMha : gadhacintAmaNi pR. 30- || 432. vahIM 59:4 31 433. vaho 62/31 397. kSatra cuDAmaNi 1/5 434. bahI 62/33 398. gadyacintAmaNi tRtIya lambha pR. 159- 435. vahI 62/34-65 160 436. vahIM 66:69 399. ganintAmaNi ekAdazalambha pR. 429 437. vahI 76/112 400. vahI pR. 28 438. vahI 5/8 401, aho pR. 28 439, vahI 66/69 402, cha.cU, 1/6 440. uttarapurANa 5714 403, gadyacintAmaNi prathamalambha pR. 28 441, candraprabhacarita 1142 404. vahI pR. 29 442. vahI 1/43 405. vahI pR. 27 443. candraprabhacarita 1/44 406. nahIM pR. 28 444. candraprabhavarita 1/46 407. vahI pR. 27-29 . 445. candraprabhacarita 12/15

Page #90
80 446. vahI 1147 447. vahI 1/48 448. candrapramacarita 1/49 449. vahIM 1/50 450. vahI 1/51 451, bahI 1157 452. vahIM 1/35 453, vahI 3/35, 2/37 454. vahI 3/8 455. vahI 11/54 456. vahI 3/12 457, vahI 3/59 458. vahI 5/24 459. candraprabhacarita 5/26 450, candrapramacarita 5:30 461, candrapracarita 11/60, 1216 462. vahI 11/61 463. yahI 13/1 464. vahI 16/13 465. candraprabhacarita 16/14 466. varSamAna carita 1/40 467. vahI 1/44 468. vahI 1/39 469, vardhamAna carita 23 470. vahI 2/40 471, vahI 2/42 472. vahIM 4/12 473. vahI 4/24 474,vahI 5/21 475. vahI 5/47 476, vahI 5/48 477. yahI 12/35 479. vahI 7/17 480. yahI 12134 481. nItivAkyAmRta 17/12 482, vahI 17/35 483. vahI 10/161 484. vahI 5/3 485, vahI 17/34 486. nItivAkyAmRta 17/34 487. vahI 29168 488. vahI 13160 489. nItivAkyAmRta 26/36 490, mI. vA. 3074 29: AdipurAma 492. AdipurANa 34175 493: AdipurANa 3416 494, AdipurANa 407 495. AduipArama 4/166 496. AdipurANa 4/167 497, vahI 39/280 498. gadhAcintAmaNi pR. 399 499, kSatracUr3AmaNi 2/43 500. kSavacUr3AmaNi 2/38 501. kSatracUr3AmaNi 2/42 502. kSatracUr3AmaNi 4138 503. gadhAcintAmaNi prathamalambha pR. 39 504.kSatracUDAmaNi 3/22 505. zatracUDAmaNi 2156 506. kSatracUr3AmaNi 4/16 507. kSatracUr3AmaNi 4/17 508. kSatracUr3AmaNi 4/18 509. kSatracUr3AmaNi 10734 510. kSatracUr3AmaNi 8164 511. kSavacUr3AmaNi 9/23 512. kSatracUDAmaNi 10/35 513. nItivAkyAmRta 4/1 514. vahI 4/2 515. somadeva: nItivAkyavAmRta toms 516. nItivAkyAmRta 43 517. vahI 26/25 518, vahI 10/138 519, bahI 10/171 520. vahI 10/172 521, aSTA pada meghagarjanA ko hAthI kI garjanA samajha pahAr3a se kUdakara naSTa ho jAtA hai|

Page #91
81 522. vahI 30/11 523. nItivAkyAmRta 4/4 524. vahI 10/118 525. bahI 10/117 526. vahIM 17/16 527, vahI 24/1 528. vahI 27/43 529. vahI 11/52. 530. vahI 1/15 531. nItivAkyAmRta 415 532, nItivAkyAmRta 416 533. nIvitAkyAmRta 10/38 534. yahI 47 535. vahI4/165. 536. vahI 51/8,53/5 537. kSavacUr3AmaNi 1/16 538. kSatracUr3AmaNi 1/17 539, gadyAcintAmaNi pR. 40 540. nautivAkyAmRta 1/46 541. yahI 33 542. vahI 3/4 543. vahI 7 544. nautivAkyAmRta 3/8 545. yahI 3/12 546. vahI 2/13 547. vahI 312 548. yahI 3/11 549. vahI 3/14 550. vahI 3/15 551, vahI 3/16 552, SahI 3/17 553, AdipurANa 4/163 554. vahI 4/195 555. vahI 29136 556. vahI 29127 557. uttarApurANa 52/3 558. vahIM 52/4 559. vahI 5279 560. uttarapurANa 5514 So,vahI 5615 562. vahI nItivAkyAmRta 30/34 563, vahIM 30135 4. nItivAkyAmRta 30/336 565. vahI 30/12 566. bahI 30/13 567. yahI 30/50 568. uttarApurANa 70/215-216 569. uttarApurANa 65/3 570. vahI 57/3 571. nItivAkyAmRta 26/68 572. vahI 17/48 573. nIvivAkyAmRta 17149 574. nItivAkyAmRta 30/93 575. vahI 19/20 576. vahI 31/31 57. vahI 95 578. bahI718 579. kSatracUr3AmaNi 10/30 580. nItivAkyAmRta 29169 581. vahI 30/3 582. vahIM 29/19 583. vahI 10160 584. ga. ci. prathama lambha pR. 38-39 cha. cU. 585. ga. ci, lambha-8, pR. 312 586. kSatracUr3AmaNi in 587. nItivAkyAmRta 5/55 588. vahI 5142 589. vahI 5165 590, bahI 5167 "591 vahI 5/34 592. vahI - 35 993. vahI 5/36 594. vahI 575 595, vahI 17156 596. vahI 17/57

Page #92
597. vahI 17/59 598. vahIM 574 599. vahI 5168 600. nItivAkyAmRta 6/2 601, vahIM 6/34 602, vahI 6/35 603. bahI 17/62 604 vahI 6/43 605. yahI 6/44 606. vahIM 6/27 607. vahI 6/38 608. vahI 6/39 609, SahI 6/40-42 610. nItivAkyAmRta 14/45-47 611, vahI 6146 612. vahI 5/66 613. vahIM 22/23-24 614. vahI 17/8 615. vahI 1719 616. vahI 19/24 617. vahIM 19/25 618. vahIM 17/10 619. vahI 17/11 620. vahI 10/149 621. vahI 10/150 622. nItivAkyAmRta 10/151 623, ghaho 10/152 . 624. vahI 10/119 625. padyacarita 22/131-144 626. vahIM 33/81,82 627. AdipurANa 28/30 628. vahI 35:94 629. vahI 3/62 630. vahI 3/145 631. vahI 35/114-116 632, vahIM 44/268-271 633. uttarapurANa 76/111 634. vahIM 74/62 635. uttarapurANa 48/117 636, vahI 59/73 637. vahI 59/75 638. vahI 59776-80 640. nItivAkyAmRta 5/38 641. vahI 5/38 642. nItivakyAmRta 5/76 643. vahI 5/43 644, vahI 10796 645. vahIM 10196 646. yahI 17/15 647. vahI 541 648. baho 5/40 649. vahI 10/20 650. vahI 17/44 651. vahI 10/142 652, vahI 10/142 653, vahI 10/144 654. vahI 10/145 655, vahI 10/148 656. vahI 17/29 657. vahIM 17140 658. nItivAjhyAmA 17141 659, vahI 17:42 660. vahI 17143 661. vahI 17/19 662. yahI 8/20 663, vahIM 9/4 664. vahI 19/16 665. vahI 9/6 666. yahI 9/1 667. vahIM 19/15 668. vaho 17/ 13 669. vahI 17120 670. vahI 30775 bKHm

Page #93
paJcama adhyAya rAjakumAra rAjakumAra - rAjaputra ke garbha meM rahane ke samaya hI vaMza ke vRddha puruSa isa prakAra kI kApanA karate the ki vaibhava kI dRSTi se baha indra aura buddhi ko apekSA vRhaspati hogaa| isa vizvAsa ye yukta hokara vaMza ke vRddha puruSa bImAkSara mantroM ke uccAraNa sahita siddha parameSThI ko nevaidha samarpita karate the aura nAgarika AnandamaMgala manAte the' / vRddhoM ke uparyukta vizvAsa ko mArthaka karane ke lie rAjA apane putra ko atyanta buddhimAna, uttama kula meM utpanna vIra puruSoM ke sAtha kara dete the, kyoMki nUtana pAtra meM jisa vastu kA saMsarga hotA hai, usakI gandha nizcaya se banI rahatI hai| pahile cUr3AkaraNa, usake bAda yajJopavIta saMskAra ko prApta rAjaputra kramaza: varNamAlA tathA aMkagaNita kI. zikSA prApta kara solaha varSa kI avasthA taka brahmacarya kA pAlana karate the aura vRddhajanoM kI sevA karate hue samasta vidhAoM ko sIkhate the / priya rAjaputra apane-apane viSaya ke pratiSThita vidvAnoM siddha puruSoM se AtmavidyA kI zikSA grahaNa karate the, RSiyoM se dharma, adharma kA jJAna prApta karate the, adhikAriyoM se lAbha-hAni kA zAstra par3hate the tathA nyAyAdhIza aura zAsakoM se daNDanIti ko samajhate the / samaya pUrA ho jAne para rAjA apane kula ke devatAoM kI sarvAigha pUjA karake rAjaputra ke brahmacarya Azrama ke samApti kA saMskAra karate the / anantara guru tathA pitA ko praNAma karake rAjaputra dhanuSavidyA sIkhate the tathA lokavirUddha kuvidyAoM ko chor3a dete the, kyoMki gurujanoM kI sAkSIpUrvaka hI grahaNa karanA aura chor3anA ucita hotA hai / jisa rAjA ke putroM kI upayukta zikSAdIkSA nahIM hotI hai, usakA rAjya ghuna se khAe kASTha kI taraha kSaNabhara meM TUTa jAtA hai| zikSA dIkSAdi se sampanna putra kula ko pavitra karatA hai| kula ko pavitra karane vAle ko hI vAstavika putra kahate hai / jo rAjaputra lakSmI ke ahaMkAra se caMcala nahIM hote haiM tathA gaNita Adi kalAoM se yukta tathA vinamra hote haiM aise avi (meSa) ke dvArA le jAyI jAne vAlI agni ke samAna tejasvI putra jisa rAjya meM hote haiM, yaha rAjya ghuna se khAyI lakar3I ke samAna sAdhAraNa dhakke se nahIM TUTa sakatA hai| uparyukta guNoM se yukta rAjaputra kaccI avasthA meM bhI rASTra ke bhAra ko sahanakara sUrya ke samAna dedIpyamAna ho yaza aura pratApa ke adhipati hokara apanI nItinipuNatA ke kAraNa pRthvI para samudra ke samAna zobhita hote haiM / jina rAjAoM ke putra dhana aura jaya ke icchuka hote haiM una rAjAoM ko saMsAra meM kucha bhI asAdhya nahIM haiN| AdipurANa ke anusAra kalAoM meM kuzalatA, zuravIratA, dAna, prajJA (buddhi). kSamA, dayA. dhairya, satya aura zauca (pavitratA) ye rAjakumAra ke svAbhAvika guNa haiM / jitendriya rAjakumAra kAma kA udreka karane vAle yauvana ke prArambha meM hI kAma, krodha, lobha, moha. mada aura mAtparya ina chaha Antarika zatruoM kA nigraha kara detA hai / yogyatA ko prakaTa karane vAle isa prakAra guNoM se yukta kisI rAjakumAra ko rAjA rAjya de detA thA aura kisI ko padasahita yuvarAja banAnA thaa| AcArya guNabhadra ke anusAra rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha upayoga tathA kSamA Adi maca guNa ko pUrNatA ho jAne para rAjakumAra ko vrata dekara vidyAgRha meM praveza gae / vidha mAdhyama karate samaya usakA abhijAtya varga se samparka ho|daas, hastipaka (mahAvata ) Adi ko vaha apane mamparka

Page #94
84 karakRta se dUra kare " rAjakumAra indriyoM ke samUha ko isa prakAra jIte ki ye indriyA~ saba prakAra se apane viSayoM ke dvArA kevala AtmA ke sAtha prema bar3hAyeM" / buddhimAn rAjakumAra vinaya kI vRddhi ke lie sadA vRddhajanoM kI saMgane zAstra se aura svabhAva se hI vinaya karanA svAbhAvika vinaya hai| jisa prakAra pUrNacandramA ko pAkara gurU aura zukra gRha atyanta suzobhita hote haiM, usI prakAra sampUrNa kalAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle sundara rAjakumAra ko pAkara svAbhAvika aura kRtrima donoM prakAra ke vinaya atizaya suzobhita hote haiM 19 / rAjakumAra kalAvAna hoM para kisI ko hameM nahIM, pratApa sahita ho parantu kisI ko dAha na pahu~cAveM jo rAjaputra virUddha zatruoM ko jItanA cAhate haiM, unheM buddhi, zakti, upAya, vijaya, guNoM kA vikalpa aura prajA athavA (mantrI Adi) prakRti ke bhedoM ko acchI taraha jAnakara mahAn udyoga karanA caahie| inameM se buddhi do prakAra kI hotI hai eka svabhAva se utpanna huI aura dUsarI vinaya se utpanna" / jisa prakAra phala aura phUloM se rahita Ama ke vRkSa pakSI ko chor3a dete haiM aura vivekI manuSya upadiSTa mithyA Agama ko chor3a dete haiM, usI prakAra utsAhahIna rAjaputra ko vizAla lakSmI chor3a detI hai, yahAM taka ki apane yoddhA, sAmanta aura mahAmAtya Adi bhI use chor3a dete haiM / - rdhamAna carita meM rAjakumAra ke jina guNoM kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai, unameM rAjavidyA kA abhyAsa, rAjAdhirohaNa, ghor3e kI savArI astra-zastra calAne kI kuzalatA, antaH sthita zatruoM para vijaya, saundarya, yauvana, navIna hRdaya, rAjalakSmI prApta hone para mada na honA" nIti, vIrazrI aura zaktirUpa sampadA meM adhika honA, apanI sevA meM saMlagna rAjaputra, kAryaTika (vastra vyavasthApaka) tathA (mantrI Adi) mUlavarga ko vaibhavayukta" karanA pramukha haiN| aisA rAjaputra hI apane pitA ko gati, netra tathA kula kA dIpaka hotA hai| nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra rAjA apane rAjakumAra ko sarvaprathama samasta prakAra kI bAtacIta meM nipuNa banAe anantara samasta lipiyoM (bhASAoM ), gaNita, sAhitya, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, nItizAstra, ratnaparIkSA, kAmazAstravidyA (praharaNa) aura vAhanavidyA meM nipuNa banAe / vidvAna guruoM kI paramparA pUrvaka kie hue zAstrAbhyAsa se zAstroM kA yathArtha bodha hotA hai, jisase manuSya karttavyapAlana meM nipuNatA prApta karatA hai"| jo rAjaputra kulIna hone para bhI saMskAroM kA adhyayana aura sadAcAra Adi sadguNoM se rahita hai use ziSTa puruSa zaraNa para na car3hAe hue ratna ke samAna yuvarAja pada para ArUr3ha hone yogya nahIM mAnate haiN| vrata, vidyA aura Ayu meM bar3e puruSoM ke sAtha namaskArAdi namratA kA vyavahAra karanA binaya hai" / jina rAjaputroM ko sAdhupuruSoM ne vinaya kI zikSA dI hai, unakA za aura vRddhigata rAjya (abhyudaya) dUSita nahIM hotA hai| puNya kI prApti honA, zAstroM ke rahasya kA jJAna honA, ziSTa puruSoM dvArA sammAna milanA ye vinaya ke phala hai / jisa prakAra ghuna se khAI huI lakar3I naSTa ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra avinIta rAjakumAra kA vaMza naSTa ho jAtA hai / jo rAjakumAra pramANika vidvAnoM kI zikSA se sampanna kie jAte haiM tathA jinakA sukhapUrvaka lAlanapAlana hotA hai, ve pitA se droha nahIM karate haiN"| mAtA- pitA rAjaputroM ke utkRSTa deva haiM tathA unakI prasannatA se hI unheM zarIra aura rAjya kI prApti hotI hai| jo ( rAjaputra) mAtA-pitA kA mana se bhI anAdara karate haiM, unase prasanna hokara samIpa meM Ane vAlI lakSmI bhI vimukha ho jAtI haiM" / ataH rAjaputra kisI bhI kArya meM pitA kI AjJA kA ullaMghana na kreN"| isake samarthana meM somadeva ne krama (rAjanaitika jJAna) aura vikrama (zUravIratA) se yukta rAma kA dRSTAnta diyA hai, jo pitA kI AjJA

Page #95
05 se bana meM gae / ve rAjaputra avazya hI sukhI hai, jinakA pitA rAma kA bhAra saMbhAle hue hai| jisane prathamAzrama (brahmacaryAzrama) ko svIkAra kiyA hai, jisakI buddhi parabrahma (paramAtmA yA brahmacarya) meM Asakta hai,jo gurukula kI upAsanA karatA hai tathA samasta vidyAoM kA jisane adhyayana kiyA hai, aisA kSatriya putra kumArAvasthA ko alaMkRta karatA huA brahmA hai" isa prakAra nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra rAjaputra ke nimnalikhita guNa athavA yogyatAyeM mAnI jA sakatI haiM : 1. vidhAoM meM pravINatA / 2. vinaya / 3. brhmcrypaaln| 4. paramAtmA kA smaraNa / 5. AkAra / 6. prabhAva / 7. praakrm| rAjakumAroM ko dI jAne vAlI zikSA - rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya, zikSA prApti ke bAda adhavA anya vizeSa avasara para mAtA-pitA athavA garujana rAjaputra ko zikSA dete the| jo gurujana svayaM guNI tathA vidvAna hote haiM, unakA putra ko usake hI kalyANa ke lie apanI bahujatA ke anukUla upadeza denA svAbhAvika hai | rAjA vagaMgakumAra sugAva kA rAjyAbhiSeka karane se pahile zikSA dete haiM he sugAtra ! apane pUrva puruSa, gurujana, vidvAna, udAravicArazIla, dayAmaya kAryoM meM lIna tathA Aryakula meM utpanna samasta puruSoM kA vizvAsa tathA Adara karanA / pratyeka avasthA meM inase madhuravacana kahanA / inake sivA jo mAnanIya hai, unako sadA sammAna denA zatruoM para nItipUrvaka vijaya prApta karanA, duSTa tathA aziSTa logoM ko daNDa denA / aparAdha karane ke pazcAt jo tumhArIzaraNa meM A joga, unakI usI prakAra rakSA karanA, jisa prakAra manuSya apane sage putroM kI karatA hai | jo la~gar3e lUle haiM, jinakI A~kheM phUTa gaI haiM. mUka haiM, bahire haiM. anAthastriyA~ hai, jinake zarIra jIrNa zIrNa ho gae haiM, sampatti jinase vimukha hai, jo jIvikAhIna haiM, jinake abhibhAvaka nahIM hai, kisI kArya ko karate-karate jo zrAnta ho gae haiM tathA jo sadA rogI rahate haiM, inakA binA kisI bhedabhAva ke bharaNa poSaNa krnaa| jo puruSa dUsaroM ke dvArA tiraskRta hue hai athavA acAnaka vipatti meM par3a gae haiM, unakA bhalI bhAMti pAlana karanA / dharmamArga kA anusaraNa karate hue sampatti kamAnA, artha kI virAdhanA na karate hue kAmabhoga karanA / utane hI dharma kA pAlana karanA jo tumhAre kAma sevana meM virodha na paidA karatA ho / tInoM puruSArthoM kA anupAta ke sAtha sevana karane kA yaha zAzvata, laukika niyama hai / jaba kabhI dAna do to isI bhAvanA se denA ki tyAga karanA tumhArA kartavya hai / aisA karane se gRhItA ke prati tumhAre mana meM sammAna kI bhAvanA jAgrata rahegI / jabajaba tumhAre sevaka aparAdha kareM to unake aparAdhoM kI upekSA kara unako svAmI mAnakara kSamA kara denA / jo (akAraNa hI) vaira karate haiM, atyanta doSayukta haiM tathA pramAdI haiM, naitikatA ke patha se praSTa ho jAte haiM, jina puruSoM kA svabhAva atyanta caMcala hotA hai tathA jo vyasanoM meM ulajha jAte haiM aise puruSa ko lakSmI nizcita rUpa se chor3a detI hai. aisA loka meM kahA jAtA hai / isake viparIta jo puruSArthI haiM, dInatA ko pAsa taka nahIM phaTakane dete haiM, sadA hI kisI na kisI kArya meM juTe rahate haiM, zAstrajJAna meM jo pAraMgata haiM, zAnti aura dayA jinakA svabhAva bana gayA hai tathA jo satya, zauca, dama tathA utsAha se yukta haiM aise logoM ke pAsa sampattiyA~ daur3I AtI hai| uparyukta zikSA se rAjakumAra ke nimnalikhita guNa nirdhArita hote haiM - 1. pUjya puruSoM se mathura bhASaNa karanA tathA unakI vinaya karanA / 2. zatruoM para nItipUrvaka vijaya prApta karanA / 3. duSTaya ko daNDa denA tathA zaraNAgata kI rakSA karanA |

Page #96
86 4. duHkhI prANiyoM kI sahAyatA karanA 1 5. trivarga kA avirodha rUpa se sevn| 6. karttavya ko bhAvanA se dAna denA / 7.sevakoM ke prati kSamA bhAva dhAraNa karanA / 8. guNoM ko grahaNa karanA, doSoM ko chor3anA / vAdImasiMha ke anusAra samasta kAryoM kI pravRtti upadezamUlaka hotI hai / puruSa sunanA, grahaNa karanA, ghAraNa karanA aura bArabAra smaraNa karanA Adi nAnA prakAra ke upAyoM se jo zAstrajJAna prApta karate haiM, usakA prayojana heya aura upAdeya tattva ke parijJAna rUpa Atmatatva kI siddhi karanA hai, kyoMki mokSa prApti kA mUla kAraNa vahIM hai / yadi Atmatattva kI siddhi nahIM huI to cAvaloM kA tyAga karane vAle ke dhAna ke kUTane ke samAna, jala se nirapekSa manuSya ke kumAM khodane ke samAna, zAstrazravaNa kI icchA se vimukha manuSya ke kaNAda kI vakti ke adhyayanajanya zrama ke samAna.dAnaguNa se anabhijJa manuSya ke dhanopArjana ke kaleza ke samAna, anAtmavAdI, ke tapasyA ke zrama ke samAna, jinendra bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM praNAma karane kI sadbuddhi se rahita manuSya ke zira kA bhAra dhAraNa karane se utpanna thakAvaTa ke samAna aura indriyoM ke pAsa ke dIkSA ke prArambha ke samAna samasta prayAsa vyartha hai| isa saMsAra meM kopalabuddhi ko dhAraNa karane vAle kitane hI loga buddhimAnoM ke dvArA nindita, nazvara zarIra kI jIvikAmAna aura sabhA ko vaza meM karane meM catura cAra prakAra ke pANDitya ko prApti kara lenA hI zAstrajJAna kA prayojana samajhate haiN| aise loga kevala muTThI bhara anna ke lie bahumUlya muktAphaloM ko becane vAle kirAtoM ke samAna niSpala prayatna hote hue vidvAnoM kI upekSA ko svIkAra karate haiM / yathArtha meM heya aura upAdeya ke parijJAna rUpa phala se yukta zAstrajJAna kA nizcaya karane vAle vidvAna durlabha hai | yauvana se utpanna poharUpI mahAsAgara hajAroM agastya RSiyoM ke dvArA bhI nahIM piyA jA sakatA aura pralayakAlIna sUryoM ke samUha se bhI nahIM sukhAyA jA sakatA / lakSmI ke kaTAkSoM ke prasAra se phailane vAlA garva rUpI apara samasta auSadhiyoM ke prayoga kI niSphalatA karane meM samartha hai / atyadhika aizvarya se utpanna gardarUpI kAya (vyAdhivizeSa) se jinako kAnti rUka gaI hai. aise netra sAmane rakhI huI bhI vastu ko dekhane meM samartha nahIM hote haiN| prabhAvarUpI nATaka ke abhinaya ke lie sUtradhAra kA kAma dene vAlA, garvarUpI apasAra (miragI) maNi, mantra aura auSadhi ke prabhAva ko phIkA kara dene vAlA hai / pAtAla ke gaDDhe meM pRthvI ke uddhAra meM samartha barAha rUpa ke pAraka nArAyaNa bhI phalakAla meM viSaya viSayAbhilASA rUpI atyadhika zevAla ke jAla meM phaMse huye mana kA uddhAra karane meM samartha nahIM hai / sIvarAgarUpI dhUlipaTla ke samAgama se utpanna hone vAlI malinatA samasta jAla ke pravAha se bhI nahIM ghoyI jA sakatI aura rAjalakSmI rUpI nAgina avasthAoM meM viSayaviSa ke chor3ane meM bhayaMkara hai, ata: (rAjakumAroM ko) kucha zikSA dI jAtI hai jisakA eka rUpa nimnalikhita hai| yahA~ jIvandhara kumAra ko prabodhita karate hue guru AryanandI kahate haiM - avinayarUpI pakSiyoM ke krIDApana svarUpa yauvana, kAmarUpo sarpa ke nivAsa ke lie rasAtala svarUpa saundarya, svachandAcaraNa rUpa naTa ke nRtya ko raMgabhUmisvarUpa aizvarya aura pugyapuruSoM kI pUjA kA ullaMghana karane vAlI kSudratA ko janma dene vAlI balavattA meM eka-eka bhI manuSyoM ke anartha ke lie paryApta haiM, phira ina cAroM kA eka-eka sthAna para samAgama honA samasta anarthoM kA ghara hai, isameM kyA saMzaya hai arthAt koI saMzaya nahIM hai / manuSyoM kA mana baTika pASANa ke samAna nirmala.

Page #97
87 hone para bhI yauvanarUpa lakSmI ke caraNa rUpI pallavoM ke par3ane se hI mAnoM rAga (lAlimA) ko dhAraNa karane lagatA hai / zAstra rUpI kasauTI ke patthara para pisane se jisakI cikanAI dUra ho gaI hai, aisI buddhi bhI utaratI huI navayauvanarUpI strI ke caraNoM se uThI huI ghuli se ho mAnoM maTamailI ho jAtI hai| bar3e bar3e buddhimAna puruSoM ko bhI manovRtti yauvana ke samaya vAstavika nazA se yukta madirA ke pIne se unmata hokara ho mAnoM hita aura ahiMta ko nahIM samajhatI hai| kucha thor3e hI puruSa kisI taraha viveka ko karNadhAra banAkara yauvana sambandhI utkaNThA rUpa taraMgoM se yukta evaM kAmarUpI bhaMvaroM se dussara yauvanarUpI sAgara ko taira pAte haiM / yauvanarUpI zarada ke Ane se patta, vivekarUpI ber3iyoM ko tor3a dene vAle aura viSayarUpI vana meM bihAra karane vAle indriyarUpI hAthiyoM ko vaza meM karane ke lie gurUoM ke upadeza aMkuza kA kAma dete haiN| Apa jaise bhavya hI guruoM ke tathAvipa upadeza rUpI bIjoM kI utpatti bhUmi hai / naI kalaI ke lepa se sapheda kAnti ko dhAraNa karane vAle pahala kI chata para jisa prakAra candramA ko kiraNe suzobhita hotI haiM, usI prakAra svabhAvasulabha viveka se jisakA moha dUra ho gayA hai aise mana meM guruoM ke vannana suzobhita hote haiM / atyanta tIvra moharUpI kAle loha se nirmita kavaca se yukta mUrkha manuSyoM ke hRdaya meM praviSTa karAe jAne vAle hitopadezI jamoM ke bacana khaNDa-khaNDa ho jAte haiN| manuSyoM ke lie upadezarUpavacana mandarAcala ke mathana se utpanna parizrama ke binA ho prApta hone vAlA amRtapAna hai| hRdayarUpI guhA ke bhItara atyadhika rUpa se bar3hate hue malinamoha rUpI andhakAra ke samUha ko dUra karane meM samartha, sUrya se bhinna padArthoM kI kiraNoM kA samUha hai| aviveka rUpIvana ko bhasma kara bAlaM pANDityA nA Ana se bhinna padArtha kA vyApAra haiN| paripAka rUpI sAgara kI vRddhi kA pramukha kAraNa candramA se bhinna padArthoM kiraNoM kA samUha hai aura ratnamayI zilAoM se nimitta AbhUSNoM kA bhAra dhAraNa karane ke kheda se rahita dUsarA AbhUSaNa hai / parantu yaha upadeza rUpa vacana rAjAoM ke lie vizeSakaradurlabha hai, kyoMki unake lie hita ahita kA upadeza dene vAle sajjana manuSya atyanta durlabha rahate haiM / rAjAoM ke sabhA maNDapoM ke pradeza durjanarUpI kAMToM se vyApta rahate haiM / ata: sajjanapuruSa ni:zaMka hokara unameM paira rakhane ke lie kaise samartha ho sakate haiM? yadi samartha bhI hote haiM to apane kArya kI paravazatA se unakA viveka naSTa hone lagatA hai aura ve vRhaspati ke tulya hone para bhI kisI taraha rAjAoM ke samIpa Azraya pAne ke lie agni ko bhI atikrAnta karane vAlI zakti se prajvalita anavasara krodha se bhayaMkara unhIM ke vacanoM kA totAoM ke samAya svayaM anuvAda karane lagate haiN| (unhIM ke svara meM apanA svara milA dete hai) yadi koI tejasvI manuSya samba ora se parahita meM tatpara hone ke kAraNa nirAkaraNa pradhAna vacanoM kI upekSAkara upadeza ke vacana kahate bhI haiM to nindA kA bhAra dhAraNa karane meM samartha rAjA, pRthvItala kI prApti ke samaya car3he hue pratApa rUpa jvara ke vega se kAna bahare ho jAne ke kAraNa hI mAnoM use sunate nahIM haiN| kisI taraha sunate bhI haiM to madirA ke nazA se matta sundarI striyoM ke mukha kI madirA ke samparka se cittavRtti zithila ho jAne ke kAraNa mAnoM usa ora dhyAna nahIM dete aura apane lie hita kA upadeza karane vAle vidvAnoM ko kheda khinna karate hue unake kahe anusAra AcaraNa nahIM karate / yadi karate bhI haiM to phala ko prApti paryanta kArya nahIM karate aura kyA kahA jAya ? rAjAoM kI prakRti svAbhAvika ahaMkAra rUpI atyadhika sUjana se utpanna kaMpaka~pI se vizvala huA karato haiM / svabhAva se ho khala-durjana jaisA AcaraNa karane vAle rAjAoM ko durAcAra se prema rakhane vAlI lakSmI aura bhI adhika khala (durjana) banA detI hai| yaha lakSmI kalpavRkSa ke sAtha utpanna hokara bhI lobhiyoM meM pramukha hai, candramA kI bahina hokara bhI dUsaroM ke lie santApa utpanna karane vAle

Page #98
88 kAryoM meM tatpara hai, kaustubhamaNi ke sAtha utpanna hokara pI puruSottama-nArAyaNa se dveza karane vAlI hai| yaha pApa kI ddhi bar3hAne meM zikAra hai, paravazatA utpanna karane meM vezyA hai, Thagane meM juA ke samAna hai aura tRSNA bar3hAne meM mRgamarIcikA hai| yaha lakSmI rAtri ke samAna hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra rAtri tama-andhakAra sesahita aura dUsare prakAza ko nahIM sahane vAle svabhAva se yukta hai, usI prakAra yaha lakSmI bhI tamoguNa sahita aura dUsare ke vaibhava ko nahIM sahane vAle svabhAva se yukta hai athavA yaha lakSmI kulaTA strI ke samAna hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra vyAbhicAriNI strI puruSa se dveSa rakhatI huI dUsare puruSa jI yoga meM tatpara rahatI kI ekA bhAgI pI emajAle sAtha dveSa rakhatI huI dUsare puruSa kI khoja meM rahatI hai / athavA lakSmI pAnI ke babUlA ke samAna hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra pAnI kA babUlA jala ke Upara prabhAva rakhatA hai, usI prakAra yaha lakSmI bhI jar3aprabhavAmUrkhaanoM para prabhAva rakhatI hai| jisa prakAra babUlA kSaNamara ke lie apanI unnati dikhalAtA hai usI prakAra yaha lakSmI bhI kSaNabhara ke lie apanI unnati dikhalAtI hai / athavA yaha lakSmI kipAkaphala ke samAna hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra kiMpAkaphala bhogoM kI icchA ko pravRtta karatA hai, usI prakAra yaha lakSmI bhI bhogoM kI icchA ko karatI hai- bar3hAtI hai| kipAMkaphala jisa prakAra kaTukaphalA - mRtyurUpa phala se yukta hai, usI prakAra yaha lakSmI po duHkhadAI pariNAmasahita hai| isa prakAra paragativirodhinI - dUsare kI unnati se virodha rakhane vAlI, phaladAyaka vyaya se dUra rahane vAlI, pRthvI Adi bhRtacatuSTaya se nirmita zarIramAtra poSaNa meM tatpara rahane vAlI aura zreSTha caritra ko naSTa karane vAlI, cAvAMkamata ke sadRza rAjalakSmo se parigRhIta rAjaputra usIkSaNa naiyAyikoM ke dvAsa nirdiSTa mokSalakSmI ko prApta hue ke samAna pUrvavatI- guNasamUha ko bhI nae kara kevala jar3asvarUpatA ko apane AdhIna karate haiM aura sAMkhyadarzana meM kalpita puruSa ke samAna sadA ahaMkAra saMgata prakRti se yukta hote haiM tathA prakRti ke vikAra ko sUcita karane vAle svabhAva ke vikAra ko prakaTa karane vAle vacana bolate haiN| rAjAoM kA jo svarUpa hai, usake varNana karane meM indra ko bhI asaMkhya mukhoM kA dhAraka honA cAhie / ve sajjanoM se sevita nahIM hote haiM / ve dharma zabda ko na sunane vAle, mantriyoM kI bAta na mAnane vAle, tejasvI manuSyoM ko sahana na karane vAle, zAstroM se rahita, kAma meM icchA rakhane vAle, nirdaya abhiprAya se yukta, adUradarzI, bhaviSya ke vicAra se rahita, nAma kA unmUlana karane vAle, apane kula ko naSTa karane vAle, bhayaMkara sajA dene vAle praSTa, vicArazakti se rahita tathA yogya nirNaya se vimukha rahate haiN| isa prakAra jo atyanta kSudra hai, aneka kSudratara manuSyoM ke samUha se bhogakara chor3e hue pRthvI ke jarA se Tukar3e kI prApti se sambandha rakhane vAle paTTabandha se jo anye ho rahe haiM, jo viSayarUpI andhakAra meM saMcAra karane vAle haiM, jo galata rUpa svabhAva se yukta zarIra ko, vinazvara aizvarya ko, dAvAnala se yukta vana ke samAna yauvana ko, vicAra karane para naSTa hone vAle parAkrama ko, indradhanuSa ke samAna saundarya ko aura taNa ke agrabhAga para sthita pAnI kI bUMda kI sadRzatA ko prakhyApita karane vAle asthAyI sukha ko sthAyI samajha rahe haiM aura jo sampannatA ke kAraNa utpana mUr3hatA se svayaM hI mAnoM patana kara rahe haiM aise una kSudra rAjAoM ko lAThiyoM se ghAyala karate hue ke samAna hone se kapaTapUrNavRtti ko dhAraNa karate hue sajana kI taraha ceSTAkara calate phirate lakSya ko bhedana karAne kI sAmarthya karane ke liye zikAra khelA jAtA hai, saMkaTa meM par3e kArya ke vistAra karane kI caturatA prApta karane ke lie juA khelA jAtA hai, zarIra kI dRr3hatA ke lie mAMsa khAyA jAtA hai,

Page #99
citta ko prasanna rakhane ke lie madirA pAna kiyA jAtA hai / ratisambandhI caturAI prApta karane ke lie vezyAoM ke sAtha samAgama kiyA jAtA hai, nUtana strI ke sAtha ratirasa meM AdarabhAva dUra karane ke lie parasvI ko svIkRta kiyA jAtA hai, zUravIratA ko bar3hAne ke lie corI kI jAtI hai, krIr3A sambandhI rasa kI prApti ke lie caMcalatA dhAraNa karanA ThIka hai, pUjya puruSoM kA tiraskAra karanA mahApavaMtA hai, vandanIya manuSyoM kI vandanA nahIM karanA mahAnubhAvatA hai aura tejasvI manuSyoM kA tiraskAra karanA mahAtejasvIpana hai, aisA upadeza de apane adhIna kara lete haiN| dhana ke pada ne jisake viveka ko cATa liyA hai, aisA prANI bhI usa prakAra upadeza dene vAle adhika pApI, kumArgadarzI, ahitopadezI, kukRtyakArI, kahe hae kA samarthana karane vAle. utkoca (rizvata) se jIvita rahane vAle, dUsare kI pIr3A se prasannacita, dUsare kA abhyudaya dekhakara khinnacitta, cugalakhora aura dhUrtamanuSyoM kA bhArasIkhane meM nipuNa logoM ko atyanta catura evaM atyanta snehI samajhakara apanA zarIra, apanI strI, apanA dhana, apanA AcAya, saba unake AdhIna kara dete hai aura samjanoM ke samAgata rUpI dvAra ko banda kara dete haiN| isa prakAra kI kuzikSA ke bala se apanI capalatA se rAjaputra prAyaH avinaya ko pahale aura yauvana ko pIche, Aya zIta ko pahale aura abhiSeka ko bAda meM, ahaMkAra ko pahale aura siMhAsana para adhiSThAna ko pIche, kuTilatA ko pahale aura mukuTa ko bAda meM prApta karate haiM / ataH aisA prayatna karanA cAhie jisase vidvAnoM kI sevA se prazasta, manahUsI se rahita, sAtA sAhita, bilAsAnAnie Dora jAgaraNa se yuja acala aura anupama vRtti ko yathArtha meM prApta karane ke lie sajaga ho sake / saujanyarUpI sAgara se utpanna, pratyupakAra kI bhAvanA se nirapekSa, manuSyamAtra ke lie durlabha, pUvopArjita puNya ke phalasvarUpa sajjanoM ke vacanarUpI amRta ke lAbha se vyakti cirakAla taka santuSTa aura paripuSTa hote rahate haiN| rAjya dene ke bAda pitA bhI putra ko upayogI zikSA detA thaa| apane satyaMghara nAmaka putra ko rAjya dete hue jIvandhara kahate haiM - he putra / tujhe dharma ke sAtha sneha rakhane vAlA, prajA ke sAtha anurAga rakhane vAlA, mantriyoM ko prasanna rakhane vAlA sthAna dene vAlA, nyAyapUrNa artha kI khoja karane vAlA. nirarthaka kArya se dveSa rakhane vAlA, manda muskAna pUrvaka bolane vAlA, guNoM se vRddhajanoM kI sevA karane vAlA, durjanoM ko chor3ane vAlA, dUra taka vicAra karane vAlA, hita-ahita kA viveka rakhane vAlA, zAstravihita kArya ko karane vAlA zakya kArya kA prArambha karane vAlA, zakyaphala kI icchA rakhane vAlA, kie hue kArya kI dekharekha karane vAlA. kie hue kArya ko sthira rakhane ke vyasana se yukta, bItI bAta ke pazcAtApa ke sAtha droha karane vAlA, pramAda se kie hue kArya ko dUra karane vAlA, mantriyoM ke vacanoM ko acchI taraha se sunane vAlA, dUsare ke abhiprAya ko jAne khAlA, parIkSita vyakti ko svIkRta karane vAlA, paribhava ko nahIM sahane vAlA, zikSA ko sahana karane vAlA, deha kI rakSA ko dhAraNa karane ghAlA, deza kI rakSA karane vAlA, ucita daNDa kI yojanA karane vAlA. zatru samUha ke hRdaya ko bhedane vAlA, deza aura kAla ko jAnane vAlA, cinhoM se ajJeya abhiprAya ko dhAraNa karane vAlA, yathAdhatA ko jAnanevAle guptacaroM sahita, indriyoM ko parAdhInatA ko dUra karane vAlA tathA gurubhakti sahita honA cAhie / uparyukta vicAroM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue vAdIbhasiMha ke anusAra rAjakumAroM ke karttavya pramukha rUpa se nimnalikhita avadhArita hote haiM - 1. sadupadezoM kA bhalI-bhAMti avadhAraNa karanA /

Page #100
2. yauvana, saundarya, aizvarya aura balavattA ko manuSya kA anarthakArI mAnanA / 3. sajjanoM kI saMgati karanA aura durjanoM se dUra rahanA / 4, ahaMkAra na krnaa| 5. lakSmI ke svarUpa ko samajhakara usameM Asakti na rkhnaa| 6. sadguNoM kA pAlana karanA / candraprabhucarita se jJAta hotA hai ki saMsAra kI paramparA banAe rakhane vAlI lakSmI se virakta vartamAna rAjA rAjya prApta karane vAle kumAra ko kahatA thA ki merA citta pahale hI saMsAra se virakta hai, maiM kevala tumhAre abhyudaya kI apekSA karatA huA rAjapada para sthita thA / aba tuma vipattirahita aura zAntacitta hokara apane teja se zAoM ke udaya ko miTAte hue isa samudraparyanta pRthvImaNDala kA pAlana karo | jisa AcaraNa se sArI prajA tumhAre abhyudaya se khedarahita aura sukhI ho vahIM AcaraNa karo, guptacaroM ke dvArA bhalI-bhAMti dekhoM" / nIti ke jJAtA kahate haiM ki prajA ko prasanna rakhanA hI vaibhava kA mukhya kAraNa hai jo rAjA vipatti rahita hai. use hI nitya sampati prApta hotI hai| jisa rAjA kA apanA parivAra vazavI hai, usake Upara kabhI vipattiyoM nahIM AtI / parivAra ke vazIbhUta na hone para bhArI vikAsa kA sAmanA karanA par3atA huuN|" / parivAra ko vaza meM karane ke lie kRtajJatA kA sahArA lenA cAhie / kRtaghna puruSa meM saba guNa hone para bhI chaha saba logoM ko virodhI banA letA hai / kali doSa athavA pApAcaraNa se mukta hokara dharma se virodha na karate hue artha aura kAma ko bar3hAnA cAhie / isa mukti se jo rAjA trivarga kA sevana karatA hai, vaha isaloka aura paraloka donoM ko apanA banA letA hai| apramAdI hokara sadA vRddhoM kI salAha se kArya karanA caahie|guru kI zikSA prApta karake hI narendra surendra ko zobhA yA vaibhava ko prApta karatA hai / prajA ko pIr3A pahu~cAne vAle mRtyoM (karmacAriyoM) ko daMDa denA tathA prajA ke anukUla karmacAriyoM ko sammAna denA cAhie / aisA karane se vandojana stuti karate haiM aura kIrtisamasta dizAoM meM vyApta ho jAtI hai | apanI cittavRtti ko sadA chipAe rakhanA cAhie / kAma karane se pahale yaha prakara na ho ki kyA kiyA jA rahA hai / jo puruSa apane mantra (guptavArtA) ko chipAe rakhate haiM aura zatruoM ke mantra ko phor3akara jAna lete haiM ve zatruoM ke lie sadA agamya rahate haiN| jaise sUrya teja se paripUrNa hai aura saba dizAoM ko vyApta kie rahatA hai tathA parvatoM kA sira kA alaMkAra rUpa hai tathA usakI kiraNeM (kara) bAdhAhIna hokara pRthvI para par3ato hai vaise hI tuma bhI tejasvI banakara saba dizAoM ko paripUrNa kara rAjAoM ke siratAja bano tathA tumhArA kara pRthvI para bAdhAhIna hokara prApta ho| uparyukta vicAroM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue pIranandI ke anusAra rAjakumAroM ke nimnalikhita kartavya avadhArita hote haiM - 1. jisa AcaraNa se prajA kheda rahita aura sukhI ho, vahIM AcaraNa krnaa| 2. parivAra ko vazavartI krnaa| 3. katajJahonA / 4. dharma se virodha na karate hue artha aura kAma ko bar3hAnA / 5. pRddha janoM kI salAha se kArya karanA / 6. prajApor3akoM ko daNDa denA / 7. apanI cittavRtti ko chipAe rakhanA /

Page #101
91 phuTanoTa 1. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/2 2. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/23 3. vahI 3/24 4. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/25 5, vahI 3/26 6. vahI 3/35 7. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/40 8. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/30 9. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 3/40 10. vahI 3/41 11. vahI 3/43 12. AdipurANa 4/134 13. vahI 10/141 14. vahI 4/138,46/340 15. uttarapurANa 54/132 16. vahIM 54/133 17. vahI 54/134 18. ghahI 54/135 19. vahI 54/126 20. uttarapurANa 62/417 21. vahI 68/58-59 22. baho 68/75-76 23. vardhamAnacarita 1151 24, vahI 1/64 25. vahIM 4/25 26. yahI 1/61 27. vahIM 10/64 28. notivAkyAmRta 11/4 29. vahI 1778 30. vahI 5/39 31. nItivAkyAmRta 11/6 32. vahI 24/73 33. vahI 110 34. vahI 24/74 35. vahI 2475 1. udI 24776-7: 7. vahI 24/78 38. vahI 24/80 39. vahI 24/81 40. vahI 24/84 41. vahI 29/17 42. varAMgacarita 29/42 43. gharAMgacarita 29133 44. vahIM 29:34 45. rAMgacarita 29/35 46. varAMgacarita 29/39 47. gadyacintAmaNi dvi. lamma pR. 102 48. gadhacantAmaNi, dvitIya lampa, pR. 102 - 102 49. vahI dvitIya lambha pR. 106-107 50. gadyacintAmaNi, dvitIya lambha, pR. 107- Pos 51. gadyacintAmaNi, dvitIya laSma pR. 109-115 52. gadhacintAmaNi, dvitIya lambha pR. 115-116 53. gadyacintAmaNi, pR. 116-177 54, vahI. ekAdazalbha pR. 424-425 55. candraprabhacarita 4.33 56. vahI 4/34 57. vahI 4/35 58. vahIM 4.36 59. vahI 4:37 60. vahI 4149 61, vahIM 4/39 62. vahI 4:40 63. vahIM 4/41 64. vahI 4:42 65, candraprabhacArita 4/43 000

Page #102
SaSTaadhyAya mantripariSada aura anya adhikArI mantripariSada kA mahala-mantrivit rAjA ko pantrazAlA meM mantriyoM ke sAtha vicAra karanA caahie| vicAra kie binA kisI kArya kA nizcaya nahIM karanA cAhie tathA (kisI kArya ke viSaya meM) nizcaya ho mAne para mannaNA nahIM kAnA cAdi / pantriAye ke nananoM kA ullaghaMna karanA abhAgya ko nimantraNa denA hai| samaya A par3ane para apane svAmI ke prati gAr3ha bhakti rakhane vAlA saciva (mantrI) apane prANoM kI bhI paravAha nahIM karatA hai aura apane prANoM kA nAza karane vAle vacana bolatA hai / gadyacintAmaNi ke prathamalambha se patA calatA hai ki rAjA ke pratiniSThA rakhane vAle kitane hI mantriyoM ko mAra DAlA gayA kitane hI ko kAle lohe kI ber3iyoM se badabaraNa kara cora ke samAna kArAgRha meM DAla diyA gayA / mantrI ke gaNoM se prabhAvita hokara kabhI kabhI rAjA una para zAsana kA bhaya rakhakara apane dina sukhapUrvaka bitAte the isakA pariNAma acchA aura kabhI kabhI burA bhI hotA thaa| satyaMghara rAjA dvArA kASThAMgAra ke Upara zAsana kA bhAra rakhanA unakI mRtyu aura rAjyApaharaNa rupa aniSTa kA kAraNa banA / gadyacintAmaNi ke prathamalamma meM kASThAgAra ke guNoM kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai - rAjA satyaMdhara kASThAMgAra nAmaka usa mantrI para rAjya kA bhAra rakhane ko taiyAra ho gayA, jisane apane svabhAva se indra ke purohita bRhaspati ko tiraskRta kara diyA thA, jo rAjanIti ke mArga ko acchI taraha jAnatA thA, saphalatA ko prApta hue sApa Adi upAyoM ke dvArA jisakA yaza bar3ha rahA thA, parAkramarUpa siMha ke nivAsa karane ke lie jo calatA, phiratA varNana thA, gAmbhorya rupaguNoM se jisane samudra ko nindita kara diyA thA, apanI sthiratA se jisane kulAcala kI khillI umAI thI, jisakA pana patra ke samAna kaThora thA, jo saMkaTa ke samaya bhI khedakhina nahIM hotA thA, jo samasta zatrudala para AkramaNa karane ko taiyAra baiThA thA evaM anussAha ko jisane dUra bhagA diyA thaa| uparyukta vivaraNa se mantriyoM ke nimnalikhita sAmAnya guNoM para prakAza par3atA hai1- tIkSNa buddhi honA 2- rAjanIti ke mArga ko acchI taraha samajhanA / 3- sAma Adi upAya se saphalatA prApta kara yaza kI vRddhi karanA / 4- gAmbhIrya aura sthairya guNoM se yukta honA 1 5- saMkaTa ke samaya na ghabarAnA / 6- zatru para AkramaNa karane ke lie taiyAra honA / 7- utsAhI honaa| eka anya sthAna para suyogya mantriyoM ke rAjanIti meM kuzalatA, sarala buddhi, kula kramAgata moTe kAryoM se trimukhatA evaM vRddhAvasthA meM vidyamAna honA rupa guNoM kA kathana huA hai| AdipurANa ke anusAra jisa prakAra mantrazakti ke prabhAva se bar3e bar3e sarpa sAmarthyahIna hokara vikArarahita ho jAte haiM, usI prakAra mantrazakti (mantrApAzakti) ke prabhAva se bar3e bar3e zatru sAmathyahIna hokara vikArarahita ho jAte haiN|

Page #103
93 rAjA panciyoM ke dvArA carcA kie jAne para zatruoM kA saba prakAra AnA jAnA Adi jAna letA hai aura unake dvArA usakA Atmabala sannihita rahatA hai / isa prakAra yaha jagata ko jItane meM samartha hotA hai-1 uttarapurANa ke anusAra rAjI prajA kA rakSaka hai, isalie jaba saka prajA kI rakSA karane meM samartha hotA hai tabhI taka rAjA rahatA hai| yadi rAjA isase viparIta AcaraNa karatA hai to sacivAdi use tyAga dese haiN| rAjA mantriyoM se milakara kisI samasyA ke samAdhAna kA upAya khoja letA hai buddhimAna vyakti upAya ke dvArA bar3e bar3e puruSa kI bhI lakSmI kA haraNa kara lete haiN| apane vizva mantriyoM para rAja tantra (svarASTra) tathA avApa (pararASTra) kI cintA rakhakara svaMya zAstrekta mArga se dharma tathA kAma meM lIna ho jAtA hai | nausivAkyAmRta ke anusAra puSpamAlA ke AkAra ko dhAraNa karane vAle tantu sugandhirahita hone para bhI ( jisa prakAra) puSpoM ko saMgati se devatAoM ke sira para dhAraNa kie jAte haiM" , isI prakAra mUrkha evaM asahAya rAjA suyogya mantriyoM kI anukUlatA se zatruoM dvArA ajeya ho jAtA hai| jo rAjA mantrI purohita aura senApati ke kahe hue yogya siddhAntoM kA pAlana karatA hai, use AhAryabuddhi kahate haiM / acetana patthara mahApuruSoM se pratiSThita hokara deva bana jAtA hai to manuSya kI to bAta hI kyA hai ? arthAta manuSya viziSTa puruSoM ke saMsarga se avazya hI mahatva ko prApta ho jAtA hai / itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki candragupta maurya ne svaMya rAjya kA adhikArI na hone para bhI viSNu gupta cANakya ke anugraha se sAmrAjya pada ko prApta kiyA" / mantriyoM kI saMkhyA- mantriyoM kI saMkhyA aneka hotI thI, sAmAnya mantriyoM ke atirikta bahuta se mukhya mantrI bhI hote the | sabhI mantriyoM ko milAkara mantrimaNDala banatA thA mantrimaNDala ko padmacarita meM mantrivarga kahA gayA hai| harivaMza purANa meM bhI mantriyoM kI koI nizcita saMkhyA kA ullekha prApta nahIM hotA hai / rAjA zrI dharmA ke bRhaspati, bali, numuci aura prahalAda ye cAra mantrI the / isase yaha anumAna hotA hai ki sAmAnyataH rAjA ke cAra hI mantrI huA karate the| AdipurANa se mandiyoM kI saMkhyA prAyaHcAra hone se samarthana hotA haiye cAroM rAjya ke cAra caraNoM ke samAna hote the| inakI uttama yojanA ke kAraNa rAjA kA rAgya samavRtta (jisake cAroM caraNa samAna lakSaNa ke dhAraka hoM) ke samAna vistAra ko prApta hotA thA rAjA AvazyakatAnusAra ina mantriyoM meM se kabhI tIna ke sAtha kabhI do ke sAtha, kabhI eka ke sAtha kabhI cAroM ke sAtha mantraNA karatA thA AcArya somadeva kA kathana hai ki rAjA ko kevala eka mantrI nahIM rakhanA cAhie kyoMki akelA mantrI svatantra hone se nirakuMza ho jAtA hai aura kaThinatA se nizcaya karane yogya kAryoM me moha ko prApta ho jAtA hai |akelaa vyakti apane ko aneka kAryoM meM niyukta nahIM kara sakatA hai / jisa prakAra eka zAkhA vAle vRkSa se adhika chAyA nahIM ho sakatI, usI prakAra akele mantrI se rAjya ke mahAn kArya siddha nahIM ho sakate hai |raajaa kodo mantrI bhI nahI rakhanA cAhie, kyoMki do mantrI Apasa meM lar3akara rAjya ko naSTa kara DAlate haiN| yadi dono mantriyoM kA nigraha kiyA jAtA hai to ve donoM milakara rAjA ko naSTa kara dete haiN| do baliSTha baila jisa prakAra adhika bhAra hone meM niyukta kie jAte hai, usI prakAra do guNI mandiyoM ke rakhane meM koI hAni nahIM hai| isI kA samarthana karate hue somadeva kahate haiM yathoktaguNa (sadAcAra Adi) vAle eka yA do mantriyoM ko niyukti meM koI doSa nahIM hai / sAmAnyatayA rAjA ko tIna, pA~ca yA sAta mantrI niyukta karanA

Page #104
94 caahie| paraspara meM IrSyA rakhane vAle bahuta se mantrI rAjA ke samakSa apanI buddhi kA utkarSa prakaTa karate haiM (apanA apanA mata puSTa karate haiM) bahuta se andhoM kA samUha rupa ko nahIM jAna sakatA, isI prakAra bahuta se guNahIna mantrI yathArtha nizcaya nahIM kara skte| mantriyoM kI yogyatA - mantrI ko arthatatvakA jAnane vAlA hitakara aura priya sammati dene vAlA, apane rAjya ko saba prakAra se sampanna banAne meM tatpara*, iSTa kArya ko karane vAlA pakSapAta kI bhAvanA se rahita ,svAmI ke prati sadaiva bhakti rakhane vAlA. sadabuddhi se yukta". yukti saMgatavacana bolane vAlA. saba dRSTriyoM se hitakara saMkSipta tathA sArapUrNa vacana bolane vAlA tathA hitAhita ke vicAra meM dakSa honA caahie|jo buddhimAna nahIM hote haiM, unake dvArA socI gaI yojanAyeM nizcita rupa se vinAza ko prApta karatI haiN| vartamAna tathA bhaviSya meM upasthita hone vAle kArya ko prApta karatA hai svaMya samajhe binA hA kevala dUsaroM kI buddhi aura takaNA se jo vyakti samajhane kA prayatna karate haiM, una mUr3ho ko apane kArya meM saphalatA nahIM milatI hai| burI sapati mAnane ke kAraNa ve una sammati dene vAloM ke sAtha naSTa ho jAte haiM" / mantriyoM ke vizeSaNa meM eka vizeSaNa 'mantramArgavid' AtA hai' arthAt mantrI ko mantramArga kA jJAtA honA cAhie / bharata aura bAhubalI rAjA samAna balazAlI the / unakA yadi yuddha hotA to janapada kA kSaya hotA, ata: harivaMzapurANa ke 11veM sarga meM kahA gayA hai ki donoM ora ke mantriyoM ne parampara salAha kara kahA ki dezavAsiyoM kA kSayana ho, isalie donoM rAjAoM meM dharmayuddha honA cAhie / bharata aura bAhubalI donoM ne mantriyoM kI bAta mAna lI | AdipurANa acche mantrI ko sarala, dUradarzI, zIghra hI kArya karane vAlA, zAstra mAga ke anusAra calane vAlA , chala rahisa, svaccha hRdaya ko prakaTa karane vAlA, antaraMga anurAga ko prakaTa karane vAlA, sarvasvasamarpaNakArI, apanA gupta ghana rAjA ke pAsa rakhane vAlA aura udAra honA caahie| mantriyoM kI yogyatA kI parIkSA - mantriyoM ko parIkSA cAra prakAra kI upadhAoM (gupta upAyoM) tathA jAti Adi guNoM se karanA cAhie" / cAra upaghAyeM ye haiM, 1- dhrmopcaa| 2- arthopdhaa| 3- kaamopcaa| 4- bhayopadhA / kauTilIya arthazAstra meM inakA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra hai 1.thopadhA - dharmopadhA se rAjA purohita ko kisI nIca jAti ke yahAM yajJa karane tathA par3hAne ke lie niyukta kre| jaba purohita isa kArya ke lie niSedha kare to rAjA usako usake pada meM jyuta kara de / vaha padacyuta purohita gupcatara strI puruSa puruSoM ke mAdhyama se zapathapUrvaka pratyeka amAtya ko rAjA se bhinna karAe / vaha kahe - yaha rAjA bar3A adhArmika hai / hameM cAhie ki usake sthAna para usake hI vaMzaja kisI zreSTha puruSa ko, kisI dhArmika vyakti ko, samIra ke kisI sAmanta ko, kisI jaMgala ke svAmI ko yA jisako bhI hama ekamata hokara nizcita kara leM, usako niyukta kareM / mere isa prastAva ko sabane svIkAra kara liyA hai batAo tumhArI kyA rAya hai ? purohita kI yaha bAta sunakara AmAtya yadi use svIkAra na kare to use pavitra hRdaya vAlA samajhanA cAhie / isa prakAra gupta dhArmika upAyoM dvArA amAtya ke hadaya kI pavitratA kI parIkSA ko dharmopadhA kahate *

Page #105
95 2. arthopA arthopadhA se rAjA kisI nindanIya yA apUjya vyakti kA satkAra karane ke lie senApati ko Adeza de| rAjA kI isa bAta se jaba senApati ruSTa ho jAya to rAjA usakI bhI padacyuta kara de| vaha padacyuta apamAnita senApati gupta bhediyoM dvArA amAtya ko dhana kA pralobhana dekara unheM pUrvIkta vidhi se rAjA ke vinAza ke lie uksaae| vaha kahe merI ima yukti ko sabhI svIkAra kara liyA hai| batAo, tumhArI kyA sampati hai ? senApati ko yaha bAta sunakara amAtya yadi isakA virodha kare to samajha lenA cAhie ki vaha pavitra hRdaya vAlA hai| isa prakAra gupta Arthika upAyoM dvArA amAtya ke hRdaya kI pavitratA kI parIkSA ko arthopA kahate haiM / 3. kAmopadhA- kAmopadhA se rAjA kisI sanyAsinI kA veSa dhAraNa karane vAlI vizeSa guptannara strI ko antaHpura meM le jAkara usakA acchA svAgata satkAra kare aura phira vaha eka eka amAtya ke nikaTa jAkara kahe ki mahAmAtya mahArAnI jI para Asakta hai| Apake samAgama ke lie unhoMne pUrI vyavasthA kara dI hai| isase Apako yatheSTa dhana bhI prApta hogaa| amAtya yadi usakA virodha kare to use pavitracitta samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra gupta kAma sambandhI upAyoM dvArA amAtya ke hRdaya meM pavitratA kI parIkSA ko kAmopaghA kahate haiN| 4. bhayopadhA - naukAvihAra ke lie eka amAtya dUsare amAtya ko bulaae| isa prastAva para rAjA uttejita hokara una sabako daNDita kara de tadantara rAjA dvArA pahale apakRta huA kapaTaveSadhArI chAtra (chAtra ke rUpa meM guptacara) usa tiraskRta evaM daNDita amAtya ke nikaTa jAkara usase kahe yaha rAjA bahuta hI burA hai / isakA vadha karake hama kisI dUsare rAjA ko usake sthAna para niyukta kreN| sabhI amAtyoM ko yaha svIkRta haiM kahie, ApakI kyA rAba hai ? amAtya yadi usakA virodha kare to usako zucicitta samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra guptamaya sambandhI upAtroM dvArA amAtya kI zucitA kI parIkSA ko bhayopadhA kahate hai* / jAti Adi guNoM se tAtparya mantrI kA svadezotpannA, satkulIna, avaguNa zUnya, nipuNamavAra evaM lalitakalAoM kA jJAtA, arthazAstra kA vidvAna, buddhimAna, smaraNazakti sampanna, catura, vAkapaTu pragalbha ( dabaMga) prativAda tathA pratIkAra karane meM samartha, utsAhI, prabhAvazAlI, sahiSNu, pavitra, mitratA ke yogya, dRr3ha, svAmibhakta, suzIla, samartha, svastha, dhairyavAna, nirabhimAnI, sthiraprakRtiH priyadarzI aura dveSavRttirahita honA hai" / mantrI pada kI prApti, rAjA kI prasannatA va zastroM se jIvikA karanA, inameM se prApta huI eka eka vastu bhI manuSya ko unmatta banA detI hai| ina tInoM kA samudAya upasthita ho to kahanA hI kyA" ? ataH rAjA ko yogyatA dekhakara mantriyoM ko niyukti karanA caahie| brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya varNa meM se eka varSa kA svadezavAsI, sadAcArI, kulIna, vizuddha. nirvyasanI, avyavAbhicArI, samasta vyavahAroM kA jJAtA, yuddhaviddhA meM pravINa tathA chalakapaTa se rahita vyakti ko mantrI banAnA caahie"| nIca kula vAlA mantrI rAjA se droha karake bhI moha ke kAraNa kisI se lajjA nahIM karatA hai / kulIna puruSoM meM vizvAsaghAta Adi kA honA amRta kA viya hone ke samAna hai| jisa prakAra netra kI sUkSmadRSTi usake mahatva kA kAraNa hotI hai, usI prakAra rAjamantrI kI bhI yathArtha dRSTi usako rAjA dvArA gaurava prApta karAne meM saphala hotI hai / mantriyoM kI niyukti guptacara rUpI netroM se yukta rAjA ke mantrI hI nirmala cakSu hai" / ataH yogya mantriyoM kI niyukti honA caahie| mantriyoM kI niyukti rAjA karatA thA / gadyacintAmaNi

Page #106
96 ke dazama lambha meM rAjA dvArA mahAmAtra (mahAmantrI) kI niyukti kA ullekha huA hai| uttarapurANa meM isI kA samarthana karate hue kahA gayA hai- rAjA mantriyoM kI niyukti karatA aura bar3hAtA hai| mantrI apane upakAroM se rAjA ko bar3hAte haiM / notivAkyAmata ke anusAra (mantrI,senAdhyakSa Adi) karaNa kI niyukti aneka puruSoM sahita tathA asthAyI honA cAhie / asthAyI karate samaya svadeza va paradeza kA vicAra nahIM karanA caahie| mantriyoM ke artha - mantrigaNa rAjA ke pratyeka kArya meM salAha diyA karate the / rAjA maya kI putrI mandodarI jaba tAruNyavatI hI gaI taba usake yogya vara kI khoja ke lie rAjA ne mantriyoM se sallAha kI" | mantra karane meM nipuNa mArIca Adi sabhI pramukha mantriyoM ne bar3e harSa ke sAtha rAjA ko ucita samAnI ! rAjA mahendrakI kI saMbhAjana miyAha yogya usa sapaya mahendra ne bhI mantrijanoM se yogya para batalAne ke lie kahA aura vicAravimarza kara yogya vara kI talAza kii| yama nAmaka lokapAla ke dvArA rAvaNa kI prazaMsA kie jAne para aba indra (indra nAmaka rAmA) yuddha ke lie udyata huA, taba nIti kI yarthAthatA ko jAnane vAle mantriyoM ne use rokA" / rAjA jana vibhinna prakAra ke vAda vivAdoM kA nirNaya karatA thA, usa samaya mantrigaNa bhI vAdasthala meM upasthita rahate the / mRgAMka Adi mantriyoM ne rAvaNa ko samajhAyA ki sItA ko chor3akara rAma ke sAtha sandhi kro|nautiyukt bAta kahane ke kAraNa rAvaNa usakI bAta TAla nahIM sakA aura usane sandhi ke lie dUta bhejA, parantu dRSTi ke saMketa se rAvaNa ne apanA durabhiprAya samajhA diyaa| isake bAda puna: mandodarI ne rAvaNa ko samajhAne ke lie mantriyoM ko prerita kiyA taba mandriyoM ne spaSTa kaha diyA ki dazAsana kA zAsana yamarAja ke zAsana ke samAna hai / ve atyanta mAnI aura apane Apako hI pradhAna mAnane vAle haiM / mantriyoM ke isa kathana se hI unakI vijJatA sUcita hotI hai| mantrigaNa hRdaya se rAjA ke prati prema ghAraNa karane vAle hote the| jaba hanumAna dIkSA lene kA vicAra vyakta karate haiM to mantri loga zoka se vyAkula ho jAte haiM aura kahate haiM- deva / Apa hama logoM ko anAtha na kareM / rAjA ko anupasthiti meM yA anya kisI Apatti meM mantri loma antaH pura ko yatnapUrvaka rakSA karate hai| jaba sAhasagati vidyAdhara ne sugrIva kA veSa dhAraNakara logoM ko vAstavika sugrIva ke viSaya meM bhrama meM DAla diyaa| taba mantriyoM ne salAha kI ki nirmala gotra pAkara ho zIlAdi AbhUSaNa se vibhUSita huA jAtA hai isalie isa nirmala antaHpura kI yatnapUrvaka rakSA karanI caahie| hitakArI kArya meM pravRtta karanA aura ahitakArI kArya kA niSedha karanA mantrI ke ye do kArya hai / mantrI ko cAhie ki vaha paripAka meM padhyarUpa vacana khe| kyoMki jo buddhimAna hote haiM ye akArya ko kabhI nahIM batalAte haiM / mantrI nIti kA parityAga na karane vAle, vipAka meM ramaNIya vidvAnoM ko hitakara kAnoM ko rasAyana ke samAna lagane vAle vacana kahakara virAma le le| binA jAne yA binA prApta kie hue zatru sainya vagairaha kA jAnanA yA prApta karanA, jAne hue kArya kA nizcaya karanA, nizcita kArya ko dRr3ha karanA, kisI kArya meM sandeha hone para nivAraNa karanA, ekodeza prApta hue bhUmi Adi padArthoM kA prApta karanA athavA ekadeza jAne hue kArya ke zeSamAga ko jAna lenA ye sana kArya rAjA ko mantrI Adi kI salAha se siddha karanA caahie|

Page #107
mantrI ko rAjA ke lie dukha denA uttama hai, kintu akArya ko upadeza dekara usakA vinAza karanA uttama nahIM hai / jaba baccA dUdha nahIM pItA hai taba mAtA usake gAla para thappar3a lagAtI hai. isI prakAra mantrI ko bhI rAjA kI bhalAI ke lie bhaviSya meM hitakAraka aura tatkAla kaThora vyavahAra karanA cAhie / mantrI loga rAjA ke dUsare budaya hote haiM, ata: unheM kisI ke sAtha snehAdi sambanya nahIM rakhanA caahie| rAjA dvArA kiyA huA nigraha (daNDa) aura anugraha mantriyoM dvArA kiyA huA ho samajhanA cAhie / jo mantrI rAjakArya meM sAvadhAna rahate hai, phira bhI unakA kAryasidadha nahIM hotA to unakA koI doSa nahIM hai, rAjA ko pUrvajanya sambandhI bhAgya kA doSa hai / rAjA aura mantrI kA pArasparika vyavahAra - mantriyoM ke prati rAjA bahuta sammAna kI bhAvanA rakhatA thaa| eka sthAna para mantraNA ke lie bulAe hue mantriyoM se bAtacIta karatA huA rAjA kahatA hai - hama ra rAjA) bhI nIti meM nipuNa ho gae. yaha Apa hI logAM kI mahimA hai / divama jo paba saMsAra ko prakAzita karatA hai vaha sUrya kA hI pratApa hai" / mAtA putra ko apane kauzala se bar3hAtI hai, caturatA sikhAtI hai, apramAdI hokara rakSA karatI hai, yahI saba vyavahAra Apa logoM kI buddhi bhI hamAre sAtha karatI hai / jisake Apa (mantrigaNa)sadRza guru sanna kAryoM kI dekhabhAla karate haiM vaha maiM (rAjA) sumeru kesapAna prayojana ( atyadhika kaThina kArya) A par3ane para bhI vyAkula hone vAlA nahIM / yadi aMkuzatulya Apa jaise guru sira para na hotA gajasadRza hone ke kAraNa paga paga para vicalita hone vAle jo hama loga hai. unheM kupatha para le jAne se kauna roke? Apa hI logoM kI buddhi ke sahAre merA parAkrama Age bar3hAkara zatruoM para AkramaNa karatA hai / isake uttara meM mantrI bhI ziSTAcArapUrvaka rAjA se nivedana karatA hai- Apa hI ke prasAda se hama Rddhi aura buddhi(mati) ke pAtra bane hai / ataeva Apa hI isa pRthvI para hamAre guru, Iza (svAmI) suhRda aura eka mAtra bandhu haiM / kArya ko samajhane vAle aura paramparA ko dekhe hue jo Apa loga haiM, unake Age nItizAstra kA thor3A sA jJAna rakhane vAle mujha jaise vyakti kA lajjita honA hI svAbhAvika hai|kaary ko samajhane vAle ke Age zAstrajJa kA bolanA acchA nahIM lagatA hai tathApi anDe adhikAra para sthita logoM kA dharma hai ki ve apanI zakti para prabhu ko salAha deN| isI meM par3e cAvala kI taraha kabhI kabhI bAlaka se bhI thor3I sI acchI bAta mila jAtI hai / isa prakAra lambI bAtacIta hotI thii| anta meM rAjA hitakara vacana svIkAra kara letA thA / amAtya aura unakA mahatva - jo rAjA dvArA diyA huA dAna sammAna prApta kara apane kartavaya pAlana meM utsAha va Alasya karane se kramaza: rAjA ke sAtha sukhI dukho hote haiM, unheM amAtya kahate hai / jaba zataraMja kA rAjA maMtrI ke binA caturaga senA sahita hokara bhI usakA rAjA nahIM ho sakatA, to vAstavika rAjA ko to bAta hI kyA hai ? akelA rAjA (amAtya Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA) kArya ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai / jisa prakAra (ratha Adi kA) eka pahiyA nahIM cala makratA hai, usI prakAra mantrI Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA rAjyazAsana nahIM cala sakatA hai / jima prakAra agni Idhana yukta hone para bhI havA ke binA prajvalita nahIM ho sakatI / usI prakAra mantrI ke binA baliSTha va suyogya rAjA bhI rAjyazAsana karana meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / amAtya ko padmacarita meM saciva tathA mantri" nAma se ullikhita kiyA hai / yahA~ inheM matrakovida" (mantra jJAtA), mahAbalavAna, (mahAvalA), nIti kI yarthAthatA ko jAnane vAle (naya yAthAlyakedinA),

Page #108
98 sadabhiprAya se yukta (tamAnasa:),saba kucha jAnane vAle vidvAna", nibhIka upadeza dene vAle, nija aura para kI kriyAoM ko jAnane vAle prema se bhare, (rAjA ke parama anuyAyI Adi vizeSaNoM se bhUSita kiyA gayA haiN| . amAtyoM kA adhikAra kSetra - amAtyoM ke adhikAra kSetra ke antargata cAra bAteM AtI haiN| (1) Aya, (2) dhyaya, (3) svAmirakSA, (4) tannapoSaNa / caturaMga senA ko tantra kahate haiM / amAtya ke doSa- amAtya ke nimnalikhita doSa haiN| (1) bhakSaNa ( rAjakIya dhana khAnA), (2) upekSaNa (rAjakIya sampatti naSTa karanA), (3) prajJAhInatA (buddhi naSTa honA),(4) uparodha (prabhAvahInatA), (5) prAptApriveza (karAdi se prApta dhana japA na karanA), (6) dravyavinimaya (rAjakIya bahumUlya alpamUlya meM nikAlanA) amAtya hone ke ayogya puruSa - rAjA ko (1)tIkSvA (atyanta krodhI) (2) balavAna pakSa vAlA (3) malina (azuci) (4)vyasanI (5) nAcakulavAlA (6) haThI (7 adhika vyaya karane vAlA (3) paradezI aura (9) kRpaNa vyakti ko amAnya nahIM banAnA caahie| ___ krAMcI vyakti daNDita kie jAne para yA to svaMya mara jAtA haiM yA svAmI ko mAra DAlatA haiN| prabalapakSa vAlA vyakti mantrI pada para niyukta hokara nardApura ke samAna rAjA rUpI vRkSa kA jar3a se ukhAr3a detA hai / jo AmadanI alpa karatA hai aura myaya adhika karatA hai vaha rAjakIya dhana khA jAtA hai / thor3I Aya ghAlA ( amAtya) daridratA ke kAraNa deza va rAjakuTumba ko pIr3ita karatA hai / videzI puruSoM ko dhana ke Aya-vyaya kA adhikAra aura prANarakSA karane kA adhikAra nahIM denA cAhie, kyoMki ve rAjya meM kucha samaya saka Taharakara apane deza ko prasthAna kara jAte haiM aura samaya pAkara rAjadroha karane lagate haiN| apane dezavAsI puruSodvArA grahaNa kiyA huA dhana kueM meM girI huI ( dhanAdi) vastu ke samAna dhor3e samaya bAda prApta ho sakatA hai / atyanta kRpaNa vyakti jaba dhana grahaNa kara letA hai, taba usase dhana vApisa lenA pApANa se vatkala (chAla) cholameM ke samAna kaThina hai''| yadi thAlo anna Adi kA bhakSaNa karane lage to bhojana karane vAle kA bhojana kaise mila sakatA hai": ? isI prakAra amAtya Adi dhana ko har3apane lage to rAjya kA kArya nahIM cala sakatA hai / jaba koI manuSya kisI kanyA se vivAha karane kA icchuka hokara kisI anya vyakti ko (sandeza Adi ke mAtha) usake pAsa bhejatA hai aura vaha jAne vAlA vyakti isa kanyA se svayaM vivAha kara letA hai to usa bhejane vAle vyakti kA tapa karanA hI zreyaskara hai| isI prakAra dhanarakSA ke kArya meM niyukta amAtya Adi svayaM dhana bhakSaNa karate haiM to rAjA ko rAjya chor3akara tapa karanA hI zreSTha hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa rAjA ke mantrI kI buddhi dhanagrahaNa karane meM Asakta hotI hai, usa rAjA kA na to koI kArya ho siddha hotA hai, na usake pAsa dhana hI raha sakatA hai| mantriyoM ke doSa (1) rAdhA kI icchA ke anusAra akArya kI kArya ke rUpa meM zikSA denA - jo mantrI rAjA kI inThA me usakI AjJA ke anusAra calane ke uddezya se akArya kI kAryarupa meM zikSA detA hai, vaha rAjA kA zatru haiM /

Page #109
(2) vyasanatA -jisa rAjA kA mantrI vyasana (juA, madhapAna. para strIsevana Adi) meM phaimA huA hai vaha rAjA pAgala hAthI para car3he hue manuSya ke samAna zIghra naSTa ho jAtA hai / (3) yuddhayodyoga athavA bhUmityAga kA upadeza denA - yaha kyA mantrI yA mitra hai jI (zava dvArA AkramaNa kie jAne para) prathama hrI (sanyi Adi upAya ko chor3akara) yuddha karane athavA bhUmi kA parityAga karane kA upadeza dekara nizcita rupa se mahAna anadhaM utpanna karatA hai| (4) hitopAya tathA ahitapratIkAra na karanA - jo mantrI apane svAmI ko unnati ke upAya aura dukhoM ke pratIkAra ko nahIM jAnatA hai, kevala bhakti dikhAtA hai. usako bhakti se kyA lAbha (5) akulInatA : akulIna ( mantrI Adi) apanI apakIrti me nahIM Darate haiN| mIna kala vAle (vyakti)samaya Ane para pAgala kutte ke viSa kI taraha viruddha ho jAte hai / (6) svecchAcAritA - svecchAcArI (puruSa) Apasa kI ucita salAha nahIM mAnate haiN|" / (7) vyAvahArikatA kA abhAva - jisa jJAna ke dvArA dUsaroM ko samajhAkara sanmArga para na lagAyA jAya vaha mantrI yA vidvAna kA jJAna ghara meM rakhe hue dIpaka ke samAna vyartha hai| 1 jisakA zastra apanI rakSA karane meM samartha nahIM hai aise zastravidyA meM pravINa mantrI se kyA lAbha ho sakatA haiN| ? kucha bhI lAbha nahIM ho sakatA hai / zastra yA zAstra vyartha hai jo virodhI vyaktiyoM ke AkramaNa ko nahIM rokatA hai| (8) mUrkhatA - jo manuSya dhArmika kriyAkANDoM kA vidvAna nahIM hai, usako jimya prakAra zrAddhakriyA karAne kA adhikArI nahIM hai, usI prakAra rAjanItivijJAna se zUnya murkhamantrI ko bhI mantraNA kA adhikAra nahIM hai| jisa prakAra andhA manuSya dekha nahIM sakatA hai, isI prakAra mumna mantrI bhI mantra kA nizcaya nahIM kara sktaa| yadi anya manuSya ko dUsarA adhA le jAye to vaha sanmArga ko nahIM dekha sakatA", isI prakAra mUrkha mantrI dvArA mArga dikhAyA gayA mUkhaM rAjA abhISTa sthAna ko nahIM pA sakatA hai / murkha mantrI se yadi kabhI kAryasiddha ho jAya to vaha kAkatAlIyavat (andhe ke hAtha baTera) hotI haiN| 1 mUrkha manuSya jo kArya karate haiM, usameM unheM bahuta kleza uThAnA par3atA hai aura phala thor3A milatA hai|| / mUkhaM manuSya kA ziSTa puruSoM dvArA sevana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai120 1 mUrkha manuSya ko mantraNA kA jJAna ghuNAkSaranyAya ke samAna ho jAtA hai jo rAjA mUrkha mantriyoM ko rAjyabhAra samarpaNa karatA vaha apane nAza ke lie kI gaI mantrasiddhi ke samAna apanA nAza kara DAlatA hai| (9) viSamatA - viSama (paraspara ISyAM ke kAraNa matabhinna hAle) puruSoM ke samUha meM eka sammati honA kaThina hai|3|| (10) zastropajIvikA - zastroM se jIvikA karane vAle (kSatriya) ko kalaha ke binA myAyA huA bhojana nahIM pacatA / ataH zastrasaMcAlana karane vAle mantripada ke yogya nahIM hai|" / satriya ko rokane para bhI kevala kalaha sUjhatA hai105 | mantraNA aura usakA mAhAtmya - AcArya vizAlakSa kA kahanA hai ki eka ho yakti dAga socA vicArA huA mantra siddhidAyaka nahIM ho sakatA / sabhI rAjakArya pratyakSa aura parikSa do patA ke hote haiM, unake lie mantriyoM kI apekSA hotI hai / na jAne hue kArya ko jAnanA. jAne hue kAya

Page #110
100 kA nizcaya karanA, nizcita kArya ko dRr3ha karanA aura kisI kArya meM sandeha utpanna ho jAne para vicAravimarza dvArA usa saMzaya kA nirAkaraNa karanA, AMzika kArya ko pUrI taraha vicAranA ityAdi sabhI bAteM mantriyoM ke sahayoga se hI pUrI kI jA sakatI haiM, isalie vijigIzu rAjA ko atyanta ajimAra aura paryApta mAnavI pavita mAna leTara ra TinA DaranA cAhie'" / ghananjaya ke anusAra jisa kArya meM yojanA meM sajjanoM kA sahayoga ho, daNDanIti dvArA jisakA rakSaNa ho tathA uccasthAna para gata zubhagrahoM kI jisa para dRSTi ho vaha yojanA lakSmI mandira ke pravezadvAra ke samAna hotI hai| jo aisI yojanA meM mur3ha hai, use nItikAra digbhrAnta hI kahate hai | prArambha na karane se, prArambha karake bhI anubhavahInatA ke kAraNa, cAturI hone para bhI sthAna parivartana ke kAraNa abasara bIsA kArya athavA yauvana punaH hAtha nahIM aataa| ataeva pravRta viSaya para arthasAdhaka artha, anarthakArI artha, arthabAdhaka anartha aura anarthakArI anartha ina cAra dRSTiyoM se vicAra karanA cAhie / mantraNA karate samaya dhyAna dene yogya vAteM - pantraNA karate samaya na bahuta thor3A bolanA cAhie, na bahuta adhika bolanA cAhie. thor3A kahe jAne para mUkhoM kI samajha meM nahIM AtA, bahuta bolanA vizeSajJa vidvAnoM ko udvejita kara detA hai,ata: samucita sujhAvarupa artha se paripUrNa vANI kA prayoga karanA cAhie / aisI vANI vidvAnoM kI yukti ke samAna hotI hai / vicAraNIya viSayoM meM pratyeka jo sAmane AtA hai, usako eka eka hI dRSTi se aisA baiThAnA cAhie jo bhaviSya meM iSTasAdhaka ho, jaise ki sAmane Aye hue grAsa eka mukha se hI eka-eka karake lene se pathya hote haiM athavA eka sAtha upasthita vicAraNIya viSayoM ko aneka avayavoM kI dRSTi se vaise vicAranA cAhie jaise vividha dRSya bhogoM ko indriyoM se grahaNa karate haiM | jo vyakti kArya ke prArambha meM hI noti se kAma nahIM letA hai, usake rAjyAdibhoga sarasa nahIM hote haiM, isalie vidhAtA ne logoM ke pukha meM jivhA banAI hai, peTa meM jimhA nahIM banAI hai|47 / yadi pratIkSA ko jA sakatI ho to samasta Araya kArya ko thor3A karake hI hAtha lagAnA cAhie, jaise gAya paramapriya bhojana ko eka bAra meM hI pUrA tathA jI bharakara khAkara bAda meM dhIre dhIre jugAlI karatI hai kauna aisA vyakti hai, jisake atyanta mitra hote hoM athAtrA jisake sarvathA zatru hI hote hoM, ataeva jisakA Arambha karane se mitratA kA atikramaNa na hotA ho athavA zatru samUha ke sAtha vaira kA apalApa na hotA ho vahIM kArya karanA cAhie143 |mntrnnaa pauruSa ke puTa se vyApta tathA artha meM mahAn honA cAhie / bahuta vacana aura thor3e artha vAralI vANI nahIM bolanA cAhie, kyoMki thor3e se darpaNa meM bhI bahuta bar3e padArtha ko parachAI dikha jAtI haiM | mantrI ko vizvasta honA cAhie yadi mantrI phUTa jAya to parAjaya kA sAmanA karanA par3a sakatA haiN| mantraNA karane kA sthAna - mantraNA ekAnta sthAna meM honI cAhie tathA dRr3hatA aura gambhIratA se yukta honI cAhie / mantraNA karane ke lie alaga ekAnta gRha hotA thA, jise mantragRha kahate the| yahA~ yuvarAja tathA mantriyoM se rAjA bAtacIta karatA thaa| kauTilya arthazAstra meM kahA haijisa sthAna para baiThakara mantraNA ko jAya, vaha cAroM ora se isa prakAra banda honA cAhie, jisase vahA~ pakSI taka na jhauMka sake aura koI zabda bAhara sunAI na de, kyoMki anuzruti hai ki purAkAla meM kisI rAjA kI guptamantraNA ko totA aura mainA ne sunakara bAhara prakaTa kara diyA thaa| isI prakAra kutte aura anya pazupakSiyoM ke viSaya meM bhI sunA jAtA hai / isalie rAjA kI AjJA ke binA koI

Page #111
101 - - - - - - bhI vyakti kisI bhI sthiti meM mantraNA sthala na jAve / yadi guptamantraNA ke bheda ko koI phor3a de to tatkAla hI usako maravA de / somadeva ke anusAra jo sthAna cAroM tarapha se khulA ho tathA cAroM tarapha se pratidhvani guMjatI ho aise (parvata guphA Adi sthAno meM) mantraNA nahIM karanA caahie| jo vyakti dina yA rAtri meM mantraNA karane ke yogya sthAna kI pratIkSA kie binA hI mantraNA karatA hai| usakA gupta maMtra prakAzita ho jAtA hai| mantraNA ke ayogya vyakti - rAjA ne jinake bandhu Adi kuTumbiyoM kA apakAra kiyA hai, use una virodhiyoM ke sAtha mantra (gupta salAha ) nahIM karanA cAhie | koI bhI vyakti rAjA ko AjJA ke binA mantraNA ke samaya binA bulAyA huA usa sthAna para na tahare / sunA jAtA hai ki totA, mainA ne tathA dUsare pazuoM ne rAjA kI gupta mantraNA ko prakAzita kara diyA thaa| maMtrabheda (gupta mantraNA ke prakAzana) se hAni - gupta maMtraNA ke prakAzana (mantrabheda) se utpanna saMkaTa ko kaThinAI se naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai | __ mantrabheda ke kAraNa - iMgita (mukhaceSTA) 2-AkAra (zarIra kI saupya yA raur3ha AkRti) 3-mada 4-pramAda 5-nidrA tathA pratidhvani' se mana meM rahane vAle gupta abhiprAya ko catura loga jAna lete haiN| mantraNA kI surakSA aura usakA prayoga - jaba taka kArya siddha na ho jAya taba taka apane mantra ( gupta bAtacIta) kI rakSA karanI cAhie" / mantriyoM ko mantraNA ke samaya paraspara meM kalaha karake bAda vivAda aura svachanda bAtacIta nahIM karanA caahie| vicAra nizcita ho jAne para zIghra hI kAryarupa meM pariNata karane kA yala karanA cAhie, isameM Alasya nahIM karana cAhie / kartavyapAlana (anuSThAna) ke binA kevala nizcita vicAra se (AlasI: vikayAoM ko taraha koI lAbha nahIM hotA hai / jisa prakAra ki auSadhi ke jJAnamAtra se roga kI zAnti nahIM hotii| paMJcAMga mantra - dhanaJjaya ne paMcAga mantra kA nirdeza kiyA hai / ye pA~ca aMga hai(1) kArya Aramma karane kA upAya / (2) puruSa tathA davya sampatti / (3) dezakAla kA vibhAga / (4) vinapratIkAra / (5) kAryasiddhi / (1) kArya Arampa karane kA upAya - apane rASTra ko zatruoM se surakSita rakhane ke liye usameM khAI, parakoTA aura durga Adi ke nirmANa karane ke sAmanoM para vicAra karanA aura dUsare deza meM zatrubhUta rAjA ke yahA~ sanyi va vigraha Adi ke uddezya se guptacara va dUta bhejanA Adi kAryoM ke sAdhana para vicAra karanA mantra kA prathama aMga haiM / (2) puruSa tathA dravya sampatti - yaha ghuruSa amuka kArya karane meM nipuNa hai, yaha jAnakara use usa kArya meM niyukta karanA tathA draSyasampatti itane dhana se amuka kArya sidadha hogaa| yaha kramaza: puruSasampat tathA dravyasampat nAma kA dUsarA mantra kA aMga hai| (3) deza aura kAla - amuka kArya karane meM amuka deza kA amuka kAla anukUla evaM amuka deza aura kAla pratikUla hai, isakA vicAra karanA mantra kA tIsarA aMga hai|| (4) vighnapratIkAra - AyI huI vipatti ke vinAza kA upAya cintana karanA / jaise apane

Page #112
102 dUrga Adi para Ane vAle athavA Ae hue vighnoM kA pratIkAra karanA yaha mantra kA vighna pratIkAra nAma kA cauthA aMga hai| (5) kAryasiddhi - unnati, avanati aura samavasthA yaha tIna prakAra kI kAryasiddhi hai| jina samAdi upAyoM se vijigISu (jItane kA icchuka) rAjA apanI unnati, zatru ko avanati yA donoM kI samavasthA prApta ho, yaha kAryasiddhi nAmakapAdhavA aMga hai| udhapadAdhikArI aThAraha zreNiyoM ke pradhAna - varAMgacarita meM aThAraha zreNiyoM ke pradhAnoM kA aneka sthAnoM para uslekha huA hai / kauTilya arthazAstra meM ina aTAraha zreNiyoM ke pradhAnoM kA nAma isa prakAra diye gaye haiM - __1-maMtrI,2- purohita, samAti, 4- yuksaja, 5-bajArika,6-antarvazika,7-prazAstA, B-samAhartA, 9-sannidhatA, 10-pradeSTA, 11-nAyaka, 12-pauracyAvahArika, 13-kArmAstika, 14mantripariSadAdhyakSa, 15-daNDapAla, 16-durgapAla, 17-antapAla, 18-aatttrik| mantrI - sAmAnyatayA mantrI ke lie, amAtya aura mandi zabdoM kA prayoga hotA thA kintu vizeSatayA mantrI aura amAtya do ethaka pRthaka para hote the varAMgacarita meM mandivarga aura amAtya ko pRthaka pRthaka ginAyA hai| kauTilya aura somadeva ke varNana ke AdhAra para jJAta hotA hai ki amAtya pantriparipada ke sadasya hote the kintu unako satrAgA kA adhikAra prApta nahIM thA / mantraNA kevala sarvaguNasampanna, purNarupeNa parIkSita evaM vizvasanIya maMtriyoM se kI jAtI thI / mantripariSada ke sadasyoM kI saMkhyA to bahuta hotI kintu antaraMga pariSada meM kevala tIna yA cAra mantrI hote the aura unhIM ke sAtha rAjA gUr3ha viSayoM para mantraNA karatA thA / varAMgacarita meM rAjA dharmasena dvArA anantasena, citrasena, ajisasena aura devasena nAmaka cAra mantriyoM ko mantraNA hetu bulAe jAne kA ullekha prApta hotA hai / mantriyoM meM eka pradhAnamantrI (mantrimukhya) kA bhI pada hotA thA 1 buddhimAna mantrI ke vAkya kartavya vastu ke lie kasauTI ke samAna hote the / pratyeka mantro kI salAha mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM thA, kyoMki pratyeka puruSa kI mati bhitra-bhitra hotI hai / mantrI apanI sammati ko kahane kA svAmI hai, parantu usako karanA, na karanA svAmI ke adhIna hai| purohita - purohita ko rAjya kA AdhAaMza mAnA gayA hai| vaidika kAla se lekara bAda taka usakA astitva pAyA jAtA hai / use rASTra kA rakSaka kahA gayA hai / vaha rAjaparivAra aura usake dhArmika aMza ke atirikta laukika viSayoM para bhI apanA mata denA thA vaha rAjA aura prajA ke bIca zakti kA mAdhyama thA / purohita loga ceSTA se hadaya kI bAta samajhane vAle aura zakuna ko jAnane vAle hote the | kisI prakAra kI koI bAdhA upasthita hone para purohita usake kAraNa kA vicAra karatA thA, kyoMki binA vicAra kie hue kAryoM kI siddhi na to isa loka meM hotI hai aura na paraloka meM hotI hai / eka sthAna para purohita ko divyacakSu aura kArya kA jJAtA kahA gayA hai|' | purohita sapanoM kA phala jAnane vAlA bhI hotA thA12 1 purohita prayANa Adi ke samaya rAjA ke sAtha rahatA thA tathA rAjasabhA meM sammAnita sthAna pAtA thA / sAmarika sthaloM para senApati purohita ke sAtha vicAravimarza karatA thA / maMgala kArya ke pahale purohita rAjA ko AzIrvAda dekara maMgala dravya dhAraNa kara

Page #113
* 47.03 svastivAcana karatA thA / jaba rAjA krodhita hotA thA to anukUla vacanoM ke dvArA vaha use zAnta karatA thA 185 | rAjA jaba iSTadevatAdi se siddhi ke lie upavAsAdi karatA thA to purohita bhI usakA sAtha detA thA / I zAstrapUjA, jinendrapUjA tathA ArzIrvAda pradAna karanA purohita ke pradhAna kArya the aura ina sabake dvArA vaha rAjA ko Anandita karatA thA / jo kulIna sadAcArI aura chahavedAMga (zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirakta, chanda va jyotiSa) cArveda (Rgveda, yajurveda, atharvaveda va sAmaveda athavA prathamAnuyoga, kAraNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga), jyotiSa nimittajJAna aura daNDanItividyA meM pravINa ho evaM daivI (ulkApAta, ativRiSTi aura anAvRSTi Adi) tathA mAnuSI ApattiyoM ke dUra karane meM samartha ho aise vidvAna puruSa ko rAjapurohita rAjaguru banAnA caahie| mantrI purohita hitaiSI hone ke kAraNa rAjA ke mAtA-pitA haiM, isalie use unako kisI bhI abhilakSita padArtha meM nirAza nahIM karanA cAhiye 167 senApati senApati ko senAnI " aura camUnAtha" bhI kahate the| isakA vidhipUrvaka abhiSeka hotA thaa| sabhA meM mantrI purohita, rAja zreSTha tathA anya adhikAriyoM ke sAtha senApati bhI rAjasabhA meM yogya sthAna prApta karatA thA / jaba rAjA yuddha ke lie praNa karatA thA to senApati sArI senA kA saMcAlana karatA thA aura pratyeka sthiti meM rAjA kA sAtha detA thaa| senApati ke lie prAcIna kAla meM camUcara, camUpati % balanAyaka 197 balAgraNI, mahAnAyaka" balAdhyakSa tathA bAhinIpati" rAjyoM kA bhI ho ca / senApati ke guNa kulIna, AcAra vyavahAra sampanna, vidvAna, anurAgayukta pavitra zauryasamna, prabhAvavAn, bahuparivArayukta, samasta naitika upAya (sAma, dAma, daNDa, bheda) ke prayoga meM kuzala, samasta vAhana, Ayuddha, yuddha lipi, bhASA, va AtmajJAna kA abhyasta, samasta senA aura sAmantoM dvArA abhimata (iSTa) yoddhAoM se lohA lene kI zakti se yukta aura manojJa, svAmI dvArA apane samAna sammAnita va dhana dekara pratiSThita kiyA huA, rAjacinhoM se yukta aura samasta prakAra ke kaSTa aura khedoM ke sahana karane meM samartha honA ye senApati ke guNa hai / - - senApati ke doSa jisakI prakRti AtmIyajanoM va zatruoM se parAjita ho sake, aprabhAvI. svIkRta upadravoM se vaza meM kiyA jAne vAlA, abhimAnI, vyasanI, nirantara vyaya karane vAlA, paradezavAsI, daridra, sainayAparAdhI, sabake sAtha virodha rakhane vAlA, dUsare ko nindA karane vAlA, kaThoravacana bolane vAlA, anucita bAta bolane vAlA, apanI Aya ko akelA khAne vAlA, svacchaMda prakRti se yukta, svAmI ke kArya va ApattiyoM kA upekSaka buddha mahAyaka yoddhAoM kA kAryavighAtaka aura rAjahitacintakoM se IrSyA rakhane vAlA vyakti senApati ke doSoM se yukta hotA haiM / senApati kA kArya - jaba rAjA yuddha karane ke lie prasthAna kare usa samaya usakA senApati AdhI senA sadA taiyAra rakhe, isake pazcAta zatru para car3hAI kre| jaba rAjA zatru ke AvAsa kI aura prasthAna kare taba usake cAroM aura senA rahanA cAhie aura Dere meM bhI senA rahanI cAhie / sthAyI zatrurAjAoM ko anya baMndI rAjAoM se milAnA senApati ke adhIna hai 205 1. yuvarAja- rAjA prAya: apane aurasa putra ko hI yubarAja pada detA thaa| yuvarAja pada pradAna

Page #114
101 karate samaya vaddha mahArAja usake kattarvyamArga kA upadeza dete the| yuvarAja dhanamada yA prabhutAmada se apane mAtA pitA yA anya parivAra ke vyaktiyoM ko avehalanA nahIM karatA thaa| parivAra ke sAtha prajA ko bhI santuSTa banAe rakhane kA kArya yuvarAja karatA thaa| rASTra ke mahAjanoM ko apamAna tathA pIr3A na pahu~cAne ke kArya se sadA dUra rahatA thA / vidyA, karma aura zola se vaha prajA kA anuraMjana karatA thaa| isa prakAra rAjA ke pratyeka kArya meM vaha sahAyaka thA / dauvArika dauvArika se tAtparya rAjamahala ke nirIkSaka se hai| prAcIna kAla meM rAjApramAda maiM Ane jAne vAloM para bar3A dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA / kauTilya kA kahanA hai ki rAjamahala kI cauthI kakSA meM rAjA ko rakSA dauvArika hAtha meM mAlA Adi lie hue kare / rAjamahala nirIkSaka kI cAra zreNiyA~ thI / ( 1 ) pratIhAra, ( 2 ) mahApratohAra (vardha. ca. 2/64) (3) dauvArika (vardha. ca. 9/95) (4) mahAdauvArika pUrva pUrva kI upekSA uttarottara para adhika adhikAramukta thaa| pratIhAra loga rAjasI ThATabATa aura darabArI prabandha kI ror3ha the / pratIhAroM ke Upara mahApratIhAra hote the aura dana mahApratIhAroM meM bhI jo mukhiyA thA, usakA pada dauvArika kA thaa| ye pratIhAra loga rAjakula ke niyamoM aura darabAra ke ziSTAcAra meM niSNAta hote the| usayuga meM sAmanta, mahAsAmanta, mAMDalika, rAjA, mahArAjA, mahArAjAdhirAja, cakravartI, samrATa Adi vibhinna koTi ke rAjAoM ke lie bhinna bhinna prakAra ke mukuTa aura pada hote the, jinheM pahacAnakara pratIhAra loga darabAriyoM ko yathAyogya sammAna dete candraprabhacarita meM AmadarabAra meM baiThe rAjAgaNa kA pradhAna dauvArika ke dvArA Ane kI sUcanA pAkara andara (dIvAne khAsa meM) praveza karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| nAma aura kula batalAne ke bAda hI andara praveza karane kI anumati dI jAtI thI " / AdipurANa se jJAta hotA hai ki dUsare deza se jo rAjA aura dUta vagairaha Ate the ve apane Ane kA sandeza mahAdvArapAla ke dvArA rAjA se nivedana karate the / ansarvazika yaha rAjA kI aMgarakSaka senA kA pradhAna hotA thaa| rAjA ko cAhie ki aMzaparamparA se anugata, uccakuletpanna, zikSita, anurakta, aura pratyeka kArya ko bhalI bhA~ti samajhane vAle puruSoM ko apanA aMgarakSaka niyukta kare, kintu dhana sammAnarahita videzI vyakti ko tathA eka bAra pRthaka hokara punaH niyukta svadezI vyakti ko rAjA apanA aMgarakSaka kadApi niyukta na kre| rAjamahala kI bhItarI senA rAjA aura ranivAsa kI rakSA kareM? 12 zA prazaratA senA sambandhI eka pradhAna adhikArI thaa| zrI udayavIra zAstrI ne ise kaMTakazodhanAdhyakSa likhA hai| zrI ena. ena. lA. kA mata hai ki isa adhikArI se usI tIrthakA Azaya hai, jise mahAbhArata meM kArAgRhAdhikArI kahA gayA hai2 13 1 T - samAharttA yaha rAjakIya Aya prApta karane vAlA sarvocca adhikArI thaa| Aya prApti ke atirikta yaha janapada ke zAsana sambandhI vividha prakAra ke kAryoM kA nirIkSaNa bhI karatA thA / samAharttA ke AdhIna bahuta se adhikArI tathA vividha vibhAgoM ke adhyakSa kAma karate the / adhyakSAM meM mukhya nimnalikhita hai M AkArAdhyakSa khanija vibhAga kA mukhya adhikArI / paNyAdhyakSa WT - vyApAra tathA kraya vikraya vibhAga kA adhikArI /

Page #115
015 kupAdhyakSa - jaMgala vibhAga kA adhikArI | AgudhAgArAdhyakSa - astra-zastra vibhAga kA adhikArI | gauyatAdhyakSa - tola-mApa vibhAga kA adhikaarii| mAnAdhyakSa - bhUmi tathA samaya kI mApa kA adhikArI / zulkAdhyakSa - kara vibhAga kA adhikArI / sutrAdhyakSa - vastra aura kavaca Adi vibhAga kA adhikArI / sItAdhyakSa - kRSi vibhAga kA adhikaarii| surAdhyakSa - AbakArI vibhAga kA adhikaarii| sunAdhyakSa - bRcar3akhAne kA adhikArI / gaNikAdhyakSa - vaizyAoM kI vyavasthA karane vAlA adhikArI / nAvAdhyakSa - nAva aura jahAja vibhAga kA adhikArI / godhyakSa - pazu vibhAga kA adhikaarii| azvAdhyakSa - ghur3azAlA kA adhikArI / haratyadhyakSa - hAthI vibhAga kA adhikArI ! sthAdhyakSa - ratha vibhAga kA adhikaarii| mudrAdhyakSa - mudrA vibhAga kA adhikArI / vivItAdhyakSa - gocara bhUmi kA adhikArI / lakSagAdhyakSa - TakasAla vibhAga kA adhikArI / devalAdhyakSa - devAlaya vibhAga kA adhikArI / saniSAtA - kauTilya ke anuAsara sannipAtA (koSAdhyakSa) ko cAhie ki vaha koSagRha, pANyagRha (rAjakIya vikrena yastuoM kA sthAna), koSAgAra (bhaNDAra gRha) kupyagRha ( annAgAra), zasyAgAra aura kArAgAra kA nirmANa karAe / use janapada tathA nagara se hone vAlI Aya kA jJAtA honA cAhie / isa sambandha meM use itanI jAnakArI honI cAhie ki yadi usase mau varSa poche ko Aya kA lekhA jokhA pUchA jAya to tatkAla hI vaha usako samucita jAnakArI de make" e. ela. vAzama ne sannidhAtA aura samArtA ke padako sandhivigrAhaka ke pada se adhika mahatvapUrNa mAnA hai| pradeSTya - pratyeka kaSTakazodhana nAmaka nyAyAlaya kA nyAyadhIza pradeSTA kahalAtA thA, parantu yahA~ isa prakAra ke satra nyAyAlayoM ke pradhAna nyAyAdhIza se abhiprAya hai| 'nAyaka - yaha senA kA mukhya saMcAlaka thA aura AvazyakatAnusAra vividha prakAra kA chAvaniyA~ khAI koTa aura aTArI Adi banavAtA thaa| pauravyAvahArika - yaha dharmasthIya nAmaka adAlatoM kA mukhya nyAyAdhIza thA / manusmRti meM ime dharmavaktA aura mAnasollAsa meM ise dharmAdhikArI kahA hai| nyAyAdhIza kI niyukti rAjA karatA thA, lekina usakI padunmukti ke prakAra ke viSaya meM ullekha nahIM prApta hotA hai / uttaradAyitva ke prazna para spaSTa hai ki nyAyAdhIza rAjA ke vidhAna ke prati nahIM, zAstra ke prati uttaradAyI the / rAjA ke zAsana kA svayaM vidhAna zAstra karate the / rAja zAsana kA vidhAna zAstra ke AdhAra para hI ho sakatA thA, rAjA kI icchA para nhiiN| kAmAntika - yaha adhikArI khAna, jaMgaloM aura khetoM se milane vAle kalce padArthoM kA taiyAra

Page #116
106 mAla banAne vAle vividha prakAra ke kArakhAnoM kA pradhAna nirIkSaka tathA saMcAlaka thaa| isake adhIna bahuta se karmacArI the / mantripariSadAdhyakSa - mantri pariSada kA adhyakSa / daNDapAla - varAMgacarita meM daNDapAla se hI milate julate do zabda daNDanAtha aura daNDanAyakara Aye haiM tathA prasaMgAnusAra inheM yuddha ke lie taiyAra hone tathA gume hue yuvarAja ko khojane ke lie kahA gayA hai| satyaketu vidyAlaMkAra ke anusAra isakA kAma senA kI sthiti sampAdita karanA tathA senA ko saba AvazyakatAoM ko pUrA karanA evaM usake lie saba bhA~ti kA prabandha karanA hai | e. ela, bAzama ke anusAra daNDapAla svayaM rAjapAla bhI hote the / durgapAla - durgoM kA adhyakSa / antapAla- rAjya kI sImA ke dugau kA saMrakSaNa karane vAlA adhikArI antapAla kahA jAtA thA / janapada kI sImA para antapAla kI adhyakSatA meM dvArabhUta sthAnoM kA nirmANa hotA thA | ATavika - yaha jaMgaloM tathA jaMgalI jAtiyoM kI dekharekha karane vAlA pradhAna anikAro thA / sambhavata: isI ke lie rAMgacarita meM aTavIzvara zabda kA prayoga huA hai| isake viparIta hone para bhalI bhA~ti ke sama meM karane yA nATakAne kA kAma kiyA jAtA thA ! zreNiyoM kA mahatva - prAcIna bhArata meM rAjA kAnUna kA nirmAtA nahIM thA, vaha kevala daNDakA ke rUpa meM dharma sambandhI niyamoM kA pAlana aura vyavasthA karAtA thA / mitra-bhinna zreNiyoM aura jAtiyoM ke loga svayaM apane lie niyama banAte the / kRSi, udyoga dhandhe, vANijya aura vyavahAra ke kSetra meM saMgaThita zreNiyA~ sthAnIya svazAsana kA upabhoga karatI thii|vshisstt ne isa rocaka prakaraNa meM batalAyA hai ki lekhoM kI pramANa sAmagrI kA virodha hone para sthAnIya zreNiyoM kI bAta kA vizvAsa mAnanA cAhie2 (16/15) sthapati - Ajakala ke iMjIniyara ke samAna takanIkI jJAna meM kuzala vyakti ko sthapati kahA jAtA thA / yaha pula bAMdhane Adi kA upAya karatA thaa| rAjazreSThI - rAjazreSThI eka pramukha pada thA jo buddhi aura vaibhava se yukta kisI vaNika ko diyA jAtA thaa| rAjA kabhI-kabhI tantra (apane rASTra ko rakSA karanA) aura avAya ( pararASTra se sambandha kA vicAra karanA) ina donoM ko bar3A bhArI bhAra rAjazreSThI ko sauMpakara nidvanda dharma aura kAma puruSArtha kA anubhava karatA thaa| gharAMgacarita meM ise pradhAna zreSThI kahA gayA hai / (varAMgacarita 11157)| pIThamadha - vizvanAtha ne sAhityadarpaNa meM nAyaka ke bahudUravyApI carita meM nAyaka ke sAmAnya guNoM se kucha nyUna guNa vAle nAyaka ke sahAyaka ko pItamadaM kahA hai / jaise rAvaNa ke sugrIva / antaHpura ke adhikArI - antaHpura kI zuddhatA kA pUrA-pUrA dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA aura isa hetu dAsI, bhRtya ke rUpa meM baune, kubar3e, vRddhapuruSa tathA striyoM meM dhAtrI aura paricArikAyeM niyukta hotI thIM / antaHpura meM eka mahAmAtya ko niyukti kI jAtI thI, jise anta:puramahattara kahate the| isake atirikta kaMcukI bhI niyukta kiyA jAtA thA / anta:pura kI striyoM meM rahakara aMgarakSA kA kArya karane vAle vRddha vyakti ko kaMcukI kahA jAtA thaa| kaMcukI ko sauvidalla" bhI kahA jAtA thaa|

Page #117
107 naimittika grahoM ke zubhodaya Adi kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA adhikArI, jo rAjA ke prayANa ate kA samaya batalAtA thA / bhANDAgArika - koSThAgAra athavA bhANDAgAra meM niyukta adhikArI / paura - paura zabda kA artha sAmAnyatayA nagaravAsI kiyA jAtA hai, kintu vastutaH paura tathA janapada paribhASika zabda haiM aura ina nAmoM kI hamAre deza meM susaMgaThita saMsthAyeM thiiN| inakA mukhya kArya vyavasthA sambandhI thaa| inheM tatkAlIna bhAratavarSa kA vyavasthApaka maNDala kahA jA sakatA hai / DaoN. jAyasavAla ne ina saMsthAoM ke vyavasthA sambandhI sammilita kArya mukhyatayA nimnalikhita batalAe haiM - (1) yuvarAja ko niyukti para vicAra / (2) rAjA kA abhiSeka karanA, ayogya vyakti ko rAjA na banane denA aura anyAyo rAjA ko siMhAsana se utAranA / (3) pradhAnamaMtrI ko nirvAcita karanA tathA usake vyavahAra para dRSTi rakhanA / (4) rAjanIti sambandhI viSayoM kA vicAra tathA vizeSa avasthAoM meM asAdhAraNa karoM kI svIkRti / yahattA - pramathanoM ko pahacara kahA jAtA thaa| grAma ke mukhiyA logoM ko grAmamahattara aura zahara ke pradhAna puruSoM ko pauramahattara kahane kI paripATI prAcIna sAhitya meM milatI hai| gRhapati cakravatoM kI nidhiyoM aura ratnoM meM zAmila hone vAlA rAjya kA aMgabhUta adhikArI 243 / - grAmamukhya gA~va kA mukhiyA 1 lekhavAha - ( patravAhaka) eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para sandeza bhejane ke lie rAjA loga lekhavAha (patravAhaka) rakhA karate the| unheM usa samaya bhI bhASA meM lekhahAri245 kahA karate the / ye loga mastaka para lekha ko dhAraNa karate the, isa kAraNa unheM mastakalekhaka bhI kahA gayA hai 2-0 lekhaka - patra ko par3hane, likhane Adi ke lie lekhaka niyukta kie jAte the| rAjA pRthvIvara ke yahA~ sandhivigraha ko acchI taraha jAnane vAlA evaM lipiyoM ko jAnane meM nipuNa lekhaka thaa| bhojaka 269 prAntoM ke zAsaka / - goSThamahatta220 - gopoM kA mukhiyA / purarakSaka kotavAla / - pAlaka 250 - rakSaka | dharmastha[s] - dharmAdhikArI / AyudhapAla - AyudhazAlA kI rakSA karane vAlA adhikArI 1 yAmamahattara 235 - adhikAriyoM kI niyukti jo vyakti jisa kArya meM kuzala ho, use usa kArya meM niyukta karanA caahie| brAhmaNa, kSatriya va sambandhiyoM ko adhikArI nahIM banAnA caahie| brAhmaNa apanI jAti svabhAva ke kAraNa grahaNa kiyA huA dhana bar3I kaThinAI se detA hai jo rAjA apane upakAro puruSa ko adhikArI pada para niyukta karatA hai yaha pUrvakRta upakAra rAjA ke samakSa prakaTa kara samamta rAjakIya dhana haDapa letA hai| kSatriya adhikArI viruddha hokara talavAra dikhalAtA hai 260 sambandhI -

Page #118
tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - zrauta, maukhya aura yaunA kulakramAgata athavA sahapAThI ko zrota kahate haiN| maukhika vArtAlApa ke kAraNa jo mitra huA ho vaha maukhma aura rAjA ke bhAI Adi yauna bandhu hai| sambandhI bandhupane ke garva se dUsare adhikAro ko tuncha samajhakara svayaM samasta dhana har3apa lete hai| rAjA yadi mAnya puruSa ko adhikArI banAe to vaha apane ko rAjA dvArA pUjya samajhakara niDara va uckhala hotA huA rAjA kI AjJA kA ullaMghana karatA hai va rAjakIya dhana kA apaharaNa Adi manamAnI pravRtti karatA hai / purAnA sevaka adhikArI hone para aparAna karane para bhI niDara rahatA hai / ata: purAne sevaka ko adhikArI nahIM banAnA cAhie / bAlyakAla meM rAjA ke sAtha khelA huA vyakti atiparicaya ke kAraNa (abhimAnavaza) rAjA ke samAna AcaraNa karatA hai| krUra hRdaya vAlA puruSa adhikArI banakara samasta anartha utpatra karatA hai| zakuni (duryodhana kA pAmA) aura zakaTAsa (nanda rAjA kA maMtrI) ve donoM krUra hudaya vAle vyakti ke udAharaNa hai|' | mitra ko adhikArI banAne se rAjakIya dhana aura mitratA kI kSati hotI hai / rAjA aise kisI bhI vyakti ko niyukta na kare, jise aparAdhavaza kar3I sajA dene para pachatAnA par3e / yahI vyakti adhikArI pada ke yogya hai jo aparAdha karane para saralatA se daNDita kiyA jA sake / vArtAlApa Adi ke dvArA jisake sAtha maitrI ho gaI ho, use kisI pada para niyukta nahIM karanA cAhie / isa prakAra nimnalikhita vyakti adhikArI pada para niyukti ke ayogya haiM - (1) brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura sambandhI (2) rAjapAnya puruSa / (3) purAnA sevaka / (4) rAjA kA bAlyakAlIna mitra / (5) kuradaya vAlA vyakti / (6) mitra / (7) apasadhavaza jise kar3I sajA dene para paLatAnA pdd'e| adhikAriyoM kA rAjA ke prati vyavahAra - jo adhikArI svAyo ke pramanna hone para bhI kisI prakAra kA abhimAna nahIM karatA hai, vaha cirakAla taka sukho rahatA hai| rAjA ko una maMtrI Adi adhikAriyoM se koI lAbha nahIM haiM, jinake hone para bhI use kaSTa uThAkara apane Apa rAjakIya kArya karanA par3e / sampatti adhikAriyoM kA cinta vikArayukta karatI hai, yaha siddhapuruSoM kA vacana hai.74 sabhI adhikArI atyanta dhanAdaya hone para bhaviSya meM svAmI ke vazaktoM nahIM hote haiM athavA kaThinAI se vaza meM hote haiM yA svAmI ke pada kI prApti ke icchuka hote haiM | jo adhikArI deza ko pIr3ita nahIM karatA vaha apanI buddhipaTutA aura udmogazIlatA dvArA rASTra ke pUrvavyavahAra ko vizeSa unnatizIla banAtA hai, use svAmI dvArA dhana va pratiSThA milatI haiMsvAmI ke pramatra rahane se hI sevaka loka kArya meM saphalatA nahIM prApta kara makate hai, kintu jaba buddhi aura puruSArtha guNa hoMge tabhI ve saphalatA prApta kara sakate haiN| zAstravetA vidvAna puruSa bhI jina kartavyoM se paricita nahIM haiM, unameM moha prApta karatA hai / asahya saMkaTa ko dUra karane sivAya dUsarA koI mo kArya svAmI se binA pUche nahIM karanA cAhie / sevaka ko prANanAzinI tathA logoM se vairaviroSa utpanna karane vAlI evaM pApa meM pravRtta karane vAlI svAmI ko AjJA ko chor3akara anya sabhI prakAra kI AjJA kA pAlana karanA caahie| jo sevaka kRtaghnatA ke kAraNa apane svAmI ke rAjapada kI kAmanA karate haiM unakA vinAza hotA hai / citragata rAjA kA bhI tiraskAra nahIM karanA cAhie / rAjA meM kSAtrateja mahAn devatA rUpa se vidyamAna rahatA hai| rAjA kA adhikAriyoM ke prati kartavya - rAjA ke samIpa jAne para kauna sajjana nahIM ho jAtA hai ? ata: rAjA ko adhikAriyoM kI parIkSA karanA cAhie / jisa prakAra ghAsa kA bojhara

Page #119
109 vahanakara usakA bhakSaNa karane vAlA hAthI sukhI nahIM ho sakatA, usI prakAra maMtrI Adi sahAyakoM ke binA svayaM rAjakIya kArya ko vahana karane vAlA sukhI nahIM ho sakatA hai / kSudraprakRti vAle kArya meM niyukta puruSa saindhava jAti ke ghor3oM ke samAna vikRta ho jAte haiM / jisa prakAra bilAdoM se dUdha kI rakSA nahIM ho sakatI hai, usI prakAra adhikAriyoM (niyogiyoM) se (rAja koSa kI) rakSA nahIM ho sakatI / ataH rAjA ko sadA unakI parIkSA karate rahanA caahie| phuTanoTa 1. kSatracUr3Amagi 10/11 2. kSatracUr3AmaNi 1/35 3. kSatracUr3AmaNi 1/45 4. gadhacintAmaNi prathamalambha pR. 63 5. gadhacintAmaNi pra. lambha pa.37 - 38 6. gadyacintAmaNi pR.68 7. Adi purANa 4/161 1. vahI 18/14 9. vahI 3/251 10. AdipurANa 4/189 11. uttarapurANa 62/201 12. yahI 68/112 13. uttarapurANa 70/17 14. nItivAkyAmRta 10/2 15. vahIM 10/1 16. vahI 10/3 17. vahI 10/4 18. pAcarita 1136 19. vahI 8/487 20. harivaMzapurANa 2014 21. AdipurANa 41191 22. vahI 4/192 23. AdipurANa 4/194 24. nItivAkyAmRta 10/67 25. vahI 10/81 26, vahI 10/82 27, yahI 10/68-69 28. vahI 10/70 29. vahI 1079 30. nItivAkyAmRta 10777 31. nItivAkyAmRta 1017 32. vahI 10/78 33. vasaMgacarita 2/14 34. vahIM 11/56 35. vahIM 11/57 36. vahI 12/16 37. vahI 16/52 38. vahI 20/26 9. vasaMgacarita 23165 40. yahI 12/20 41. varAMgacarita 12179 42. harivaMzapurANa 2014 43. harivaMzapurANa 11/80 44. vahI 11/81 45. AdipurANa 44/120 46. vahI 29/168 47. uttarapurANa'557 48. kauTilIya arthazAstram (anuvAcasvati gairolA) prakaraNa 5 adhyAya 1 pR. 31-33 49. vahI prakaraNa 4 adhyAya 8 pR. 28 50. notivAkyAmRta 10/104 51, vaho 10/5 52. vahI 10/8 53. vahIM 10/17 54. vahIM 10/100 55. harivaMzapurANa 50/11 55, gadyacintAmaNi dazama lamma pR. 382 57. uttarApurANa 70/17 58. nItivAkyAmRta 1848 59. padmacarita 8/12 60. vahI 8/16 61. vahI 8/487 62. vahI 11165 63. vahI 66/8

Page #120
64. vahI 66/13 65 . kii 73/25 66. vahI 113/5 67.74/65 68. uttarapurANa 68/115 69. vardhamAnacarita 6/71 70. vahI 4:44 71. nItivAkyAmRta 10/23 72. yahI 10/53 73. vahI 10/54 74. vahIM 10/55 75. vahIM 10/56 76. vahI 10/57 77. candraprabhacarita 12 / 58 78.96 12/59 79. candraprabhacarita 12/60 80. candraprabhacarita 12/61 81. vahI 12/62 B2. candraprabhacarita 12/68 83. vahI 12/69-71 bahI 12/111 $4. 85. nItivAkyAmRta 18/5 86. vahI 18/1 87. vahI 18/2 88. vahI 18/3 89. nItivAkyAmRta 18/4 90. padmacarita 113/4 91.6766/2, 73, 22, 816 92. vahIM 8/16 93. vahI 8/17 94. vahI 8:487 95. vahIM 15:36 96. vahI 15/26 97. vahI 15/31 98. vahI 66/3 99.67 73/23 100. vahI 113/4 101, kvii 113:6 102 nItivAkyAmRta 18/4 110 103. vahI 18/12 104. vahI 18/47 105, vaho 18/14 106.18/15 107. vahI 18/16 108. nItivAkyAmRta 78/17 709. 15:18 110. yahI 18/19 11. vahI 18/20 112. vaho 10 / 108 113. vahI 10/107 114. vahIM 10/106 115. vahIM 10/52 116. vahIM 10/9 17. nautivAkyAmRta 30/1 118. vahI 10/12 119. kvii 10/15 120. vahIM 10:16 121. vahIM 10/74 122. hI 10/18 123, vahI 10/13 124. kvii 10/20 125, vahIM 10/89 126. at 10/90 127. vahI 10/91 128.61 10/92 129.6 10/121 130. vahI 17/15 131. nItivAkyAmRta 10/97 132, vahI 10/72 133. 10/103 134. sahI 10/101 135. vahIM 10/102 136. kauTilIya arthazAstre 1/14 137. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/4 38. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/3 139. 11/23 140. dvisaMdhAna 11/5 141. vahI 11/7

Page #121
142. vahIM 11/6 rAjya aura nyAyapAlikA pR. 147-148 143. vahIM 11/8 179. AdipurANa 45/141 144. vahI 11/14 180. vahI 34/28 145. yahI 11/26146, varAMgacarita 12/24 181. vahIM 34/29 147. caMdraprabhacarita 12/57 182. yahIM 471333-334 148. kauTilIya artha 183. vahI 32/14 149. notivAkyAmRta 10/26 184, vahI 28/60 150, vahI 10/29 185. vahI 34/87 151. nItiyAkyAmRta 10/31 186. vahIM 32/85-86 152. vahIM 10/32 187, vahI 30/120-121 153. vahI 10/33 188. nItivAkyAmRta 111 154. vahI 10/34 189. vahIM 11/2 155. nItivAkyAmRta 10/35 190. varAMgacarita 8/4 156. vahI 10/27 191. harivaMzapurANa 18/10 157. vahI 10/28 192. vahI 23/92 158. vahIM 10/49 193. vaho 57/12-13 159. vahIM 10:42 194. AdipurANa 5/7 160. vahI 10/43 195. vahA~ 38/207 161. vahI 10/144 196. vahI 8/225 162. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/2 197, vahI 32/1 163. kauTilIya arthazAstram 7/14 798. vahI 32/39 164, DaoN. ema. ela. zamAM : nItivAkyAmRta meM | 199. vahIM 15/15 rAjanIti pR. 97 200. baho 31/20 165. varAMgacarita 14/71, 19/18, 19125, 201, candraprabhacarita 7/57 ___18/714, 14/75, 11/63 202. nItivAzyAmRta 12/1 166. kauTilIya arthazAstram 1/17 203. nauniyAkyAmRta 12:2 167, candraprabhacarita 16/24 204. vahIM 30:96 168. vahI 1/83 205. vahI 30:77 169. vahI 12/57 206.DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI : maMskRta kAvya ke 170. varAMgacarita 11757 ___ vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna pR. 171. DaoN.ema.ela.zarmA : nItivAkyAmRta meM 524 rAjanIti, pR.90 207. catuthyoM mantribhiH dauvArikeca 172. varAMgacarita 2/24 __ prAsapANibhiH // kauTilIya arthazAstrama : 173. candraprabhacarita 12/111 174, vadhImAnacarita 7/54 208. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla : harSacarita eka 175. vahI 4:47 sAMskRtika adhyayana pR. 44 176, varAMgacarita 4 209. candraprabhacarita 11/2 177. Rgveda 760/12 varAMgacarita 30:95 ||| 210. vahI 17657 178, hariharanAtha tripAThI : prAcIna bhArata meM || 2]]. AdipurANa 8/136. 35144 20

Page #122
212. kauTilIya arthazAstram 1/20 213. bhagavAna dAsa kelA : kauTilya kI zAsanapraddhati pR. 77 78 214 bhagavAnadAsa kelA: kauTilya kI zAsanapaddhati pR. 78 215. vahI pR. 78-80 216. kauTilIya arthazAstram 2/5 217. det 2/5 218. e. ela. bAzama adbhuta bhArata pR. 98 219. bhagavAnadAsa kelA : kauTilya kI zAsana paddhati pR. 81 220. vahI pR. 82 221. manu. 8 / 20 mAnasollAsa 2/2/93 222. kauTilIya arthazAstram 3/1 223. bhagavAnadAsa kelA : kauTilya kI zAsana paddhati pR. 83 224. varAMgacarita 17/10 225. vahI 15/2 226. bhagavAnadAsa kelA : kauTilya ko zAsana paddhati pR. 83 227 adbhuta bhArata pR. 102 228. kauTilIya arthazAstram 2/1 229. varAMgacarita 28/67 230. rAdhAkumuda mukarjI hindU sabhyatA pR. 36 231. AdipurANa 32/27 232. vahI 46 / 72 233. vahI 22/26 234. sAhitya darpaNa 3/39 235. varAMgacarita 15/54, 15/36 236 AdipurANa 8/128 237. gadyacintAmaNi pu. 72 prathama lambha 238. AdipurANa 8/134 239. vaho 5/182 240. candraprabhacarita 4/52 241. bhagavAnadAsa kelA : kauTilya kI zAsana 112 paddhati pR. 8 242. AdipurANa 26/ 127 243. AdipurANa 11/57 244, padmacarita 26/123 245, vahI 19/1 246. vahIM 19/4 247. vahI 37/3 248. vahI 3774 249. varAMgacarita 11/57, 15/2 250. candraprabhacarita 13/41 251 AdipurANa 46/356 252. vahI 38/206 253. vahI 24/3 254, vahI 24/3 255. candraprabhacarita 4/52 256, nItivAkyAmRta 18/60 257. vahI 18/22 258. vahI 18/23 259. vahI 18/34 260, vahI 18/24 261. nItivAkyAmRta 18/26-2 262. vahI 18/25 263. vahI 18/32 264. vahI 18/33 265. vahI 18/35 266. vahI 18/36 267. vahIM 18/37 268. vahI 18/38 269. vahI 18/31 270, vahI 18/21 271, vahI 18/30 272. nItivAkyAmRta 18/40 273. vahI 18/41 274. vahI 18/45 275.967 18/46 276. vahI 18/59 277. vahI 18/61 278. vahI 18/62 279. vahI 18/63 280,67 24/63 281. vahA~ 10/162 282. yahI 31/66 283. yahI 11:34 284. vahI 18/48 285. vahI 18/43 286. vahI 18/44

Page #123
saptama adhyAya koSa evaM durga koSa kI upayogitA - koSa hI rAjAoM kA prANa hai| isa loka meM paryApta sampatti saMkalita karane se dharma, artha, kAma sambhava ho skeNge| yahA~ dharma saMcaya karane se paraloka meM tInoM nibha jaayeNge| kAma puruSArtha ke dvArA donoM loko meM sabakA vimAga hogA, ata: vahI karanA cAhie, jisase donoM lokoM meM tInoM puruSArthoM kA sAdhana ho sake / rAjA dazaratha ke pAsa itanI sampatti thI ki unako dAnazIlatA ko yAcaka nahIM samhAla sake / ve nirmala tathA paryApta yazarUpI dhana ko saMcita karane ke lie vyavasAyiyoM se bhare bAjAroM, khanika kSetroM, araNyo, samudrI tIroM para sthita pattanoM, pazupAlakoM kI bastiyoM, durgoM tathA rASTroM meM guNoM kI apekSA pracura mAtrA meM sampatti ko bar3hAte the| vAdIbhasiMha ke anusAra daridratA jIboM kA prANoM se na chuTA huA maraNa hai / manuSya ko yaha nahIM socanA cAhie ki hamAre pitA aura pitAmaha dvArA saMcita bahuta dhana vidhamAna hai, kyoMki vaha prana apane hAtha se saMcita dhana ke samAna udAttacittamanuSya ke citta meM prasannatA utpanna nahIM karatA athavA ko hogI se hi dhanIhI hasAsa hai / nirantara upabhoga hone para parvata bhI kSaya ho jAtA / nirdhanatA se bar3hakara marmabhedaka anya vastu nahIM ho sakatI hai| nirdhanatA zastra ke binA kI huI hRdaya kI zalya hai, apanI prazaMsA se rahita hAsya kA kAraNa hai, AcaraNa ke vinAza se rahita upekSA kA kAraNa hai, pitta ke udeka ke binA hI hone vAlA unmAda sambandhI andhapana hai aura rAtri ke avibhadhi ke binA hI prakara hone vAlI amitratA kA nimita hai| daridra kA na vacana jIvita rahatA hai, na usakI kulInatA jAgRta rahatI hai, na usakA puruSArtha dedIpyamAna rahatA hai, na usakI vidyA prakAzamAna rahatI hai, na zIla prakaTa rahatA hai, na buddhi vikasita rahatI hai, na usameM dhArmikatA kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, na sundaratA dekhI jAtI hai, na vinaya prazaMsanIya hotI hai, na yA ginI jAtI hai, niSThA bhAga jAtI hai, viveka naSTa ho jAtA hai athavA kyA naSTa nahIM hotA arthAta saba kucha nASTa ho jAtA hai| isake viparita dhana kA saMcaya rahane para donoM lokoM ke yogya puruSArtha bhI prArthanA kie binA svayaM A jAtA hai / ata: dhana ke lie yasna karanA cAhie / yahI abhiprAya chatracUDAmaNi meM bhI vyakta kiyA gayA hai / pitA ke dvArA kamAyA huA bahuta sA dhana vidyamAna rahe, phira bhI puruSArthI janake lie anyopArjita dravya se nirvAha karane meM dInatA priya nahIM lgtii| yadi svasvAbhika dhana Ayarahita hotA huA kharca hotA hai to bahuta hotA huA bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai| prANiyoM ko nirdhanatA se bar3hakara koI dUsarA hArdika duHkhadAyaka nahIM hai / garIba kA prazaMsanIya guNa prakara nahIM rhtaa| nirdhana ke vidyamAna jJAna bhI zobhAyamAna nahIM hotA / nirdhanatA se ThagAyA gayA dariMdra puruSa kiMkartavyavimUr3ha ho jAtA hai aura cAha ke abhiprAyapUrvaka lakSmIvAnoM ke bhI mukha ko dekhatA nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra koSavihIna rAjA paura aura janapada ko anyAya se grasita karatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa rASTrazUnyatA ho jAtI hai / jo rAjA sadA kaur3I-kaur3I jor3akara bhI apane koza kI vRddhi nahIM karatA, usakA bhaviSya meM kalyANa kaise ho sakatA hai? koza hI rAjA kahA

Page #124
114 jAtA hai, na ki rAjA kA zarIra" / jisake hAtha meM dhana hai, vaha jayazIla hotA hai" / nirdhana ko usakI patnI bhI chor3a detI hai, anya kI to bAta hI kyA hai? puruSa kulIna aura sadAcArI hone se hI manuSya ko zreSTha yA sevAyogya nahIM samajhate haiM, balki dhana ke kAraNa hI use zreSTha mAnate haiN| jisake pAsa pracura dhana vidyamAna hai, vahIM mahAnU aura kulIna kahalAtA hai| jo AzritoM ko santuSTa nahIM kara pAtA haiM, usakI nirarthaka kulInatA aura bar3appana se koI lAbha nahIM hai| usa tAlAba ke vistIrNa hone se kyA lAbha hai, jisameM paryApta jala nahIM, isI prakAra kulInatA Adi se bar3A hone para bhI yadi koI daridra hai to usakA bar3appana vyartha hai" / jo manuSya apane mUladhana kI vyApAra Adi dvArA vRddhi nahIM karatA hai aura use vyaya karatA hai, vaha sadA duHkhI hotA hai"| dhanI logoM ko yati loga bhI cATukArI karate haiM" / ataH gRha meM AI huI sampatti kA kabhI bhI kisI kAraNa se tiraskAra nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki jisa samaya lakSmI kA hotA hai kI nidhi va nakSatra zubha aura graha kaliSTha mAne jAte haiN"| jisa prakAra hAtho se hAthI bA~dhA jAtA hai, usI prakAra dhana se dhana kamAyA jAtA hai" / daridra manuSyase dhana lenA mare hue ko mArane ke samAna kaSTadAyaka hai " / saMsAra meM kauna aisA manuSya hai jo dhanahIna hone para laghu na ho" / - koSa kA lakSaNa jo vipatti aura sampatti ke samaya rAjA ke taMtra (caturaMga senA) kI vRddhi karatA hai aura usako susaMgaThita karane ke lie dhanavRddhi karatA hai, use koza kahate haiM" / koSa ke lie AdipurANa meM 'zrIgRha' zabda AyA hai| maNi, narma aura kAkiNI ye tIna ratna cakravartI ke zrIgRha meM utpanna hote haiM / koSAdhikArI (1) AdAyaka (Aya jamA karane vAlA) (2) nibandhaka ( hisAba likhane vAlA) (3) pratibandhaka (vastuoM para rAjakIya muhara lagAne vAlA) (4) nIvIgrAhaka (rAjakIya dravyako koSa meM jamA karane vAlA aura (5) rAjAdhyakSa ukta cAroM kI dekharekha karane vAlA puruSa ye pA~ca koSAdhikArI (karaNa) haiN| AmadAnI meM upayukta kharca karane ke pazcAt bacI huI aura jA~ca par3atAla pUrvaka koSAgAra meM jamA kI huI sampatti ko nIvI kahate haiN| - - koSavihIna rAjA kI sthiti puruSa kA puruSa dAsa nahIM hai, apitu puruSa dhana kA dAsa hai" / jo rAjA apane rAjya meM dhanasaMgraha nahIM karatA aura adhika dhana vyaya karatA hai, usake yahA~ sadA akAla rahatA hai" kyoMki nitya svarNa kA vyaya hone para meru bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai"| jo rAjA sainikoM kA bharaNapoSaNa karane ke lie samaya para ( dhAnyAdikA) saMgraha nahIM karatA hai. usake rAjya karmacariyoM ko atyadhika Ananda hotA hai (kyoMki ye loga dhAnyAdi kharIdakara use teja bhAva meM beca dete haiM aura bahuta sA dhana har3apa lete haiM) tathA rAjA kA vizAla khajAnA naSTa ho jAtA hai" / Aya aura vyaya - dravya (sampatti) kI utpatti ke sAdhana (kRSi, vyApAra, kara Adi) kAM Aya kahate haiM" / svAmI kI AjJAnusAra zrama vyaya karanA vyaya hai"| jisa prakAra muni kamaNDalu meM jala zIghratA se grahaNa hotA hai, parantu usakA vyaya (TauTI se) dhIre dhIre hotA hai, usI prakAra Aya adhika aura vyaya kama karanA cAhie" / jo manuSya Aya kA vicAra na kara adhika vyaya karatA hai, vaha kubera (vaizramaNa) ke samAna (asaMkhya dhana kA svAmI) hokara bhI zramaNa (bhikSuka ) ke samAna AcaraNa karatA hai / rAjA nIvIgrAhaka (rAjakIya dhana ko koSa meM jamA karane vAlA) .se usa pustaka (vahI, rajisTara) ko jisameM rAjakIya dravya ke Aya vyaya kA hisAba likhA hai, 1

Page #125
" 115 lekara acchI taraha jA~ca par3atAla kara Aya-vyaya ko vizuddha kre| jaba Aya - vyaya karane vAle adhikAriyoM meM vivAda ho jAya taba rAjA jitendriya va rAjanIti pradhAna puruSoM se parAmarza kara usakA nizcaya kareM | - rAjakIya Aya ke sAdhana kara jisa rAjya meM dUsare deza kI vastuoM para adhika kara lagAyA jAtA hai tathA jahA~ ke rAjakarmacArI balAt thor3A mUlya dekara vyApariyoM se vastu chIna lete vahA~ anya dezoM se mAla AnA banda ho jAtA hai* / kyoMki lakar3I kI hAMDI meM eka hI bAra padArtha pakAyA jAtA hai" / samudra yadi pyAsA ho to saMsAra meM jala kahA~ se ho sakatA hai ? isI adhika bar3hane kI vRddhi nahIM hotI hai| jo rAjA vyApariyoM se se thor3A bhI adhika dhana letA hai, use mahAn hAni hotI hai"| rAjA ne jinako pahale karamukta kiyA hai, unase puna: kara na lekara vaha unako anugRhIta kare" / nyAya se surakSita (jahA~ yogya kara liyA jAtA hai aura vyApAriyoM ke kraya-vikraya yogya vastuoM se vyApta nagarI rAjAoM ke manorathapUrNa karatI hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha ki rAjA ko prajA se dezAnurUpa kara grahaNa karanA caahie| - 2. adhikAriyoM se prApta dhana - (1) nityanirIkSaNa (sadA jA~ca par3atAla karanA ), (2) karmaviparyaya ( uccapadoM se sAdhAraNa padoM para niyukta karanA) (3) pratipatidAna (chatra, camara Adi bahumUlya vastuyeM bheMTa meM denA ina tIna upAya se rAjA rAjyadhikAriyoM se (rizvata dvArA saMcita dhana prApta kara sakatA hai" / kevala eka bAra dhoyA huA vastra jisa prakAra snigdhatA (cikanAI) ko nahIM chor3atA hai, usI prakAra adhikArI loga bhI pake hue phor3e ke samAna (binA tADana, bandhana Adi kie) gRha meM rakhe hue (rizvata ke ) dhana ko nahIM batalAte haiN"| adhikAriyoM ko bAra-bAra U~ce padoM se pRthaka karake sAdhAraNa padoM para niyukta karane se rAjAoM ko (unake dvArA gRhIta) dhana mila jAtA hai"| adhikAriyoM meM ApasI kalaha hone para rAjAoM ko khajAne ke milane ke samAna mahAlAbha hotA hai"| adhikAriyoM ko sampatti rAjAoM kA dUsarA koza hai" / - 3. vyApAriyoM se prApta dhana jaba vyApArI loga bartanoM Adi ke vyApAra meM mUladhana se adhika dhana kamAte hoM taba rAjA ko vyApAriyoM ke mUladhana se dUnA dhana dekara adhika dhana jabta kara lenA cAhie" | 4. anya deza ke rAjAoM se prApta dhana vijaya prApta hone para anya deza ke rAjA loga upahAra ke rUpa meM dhana dete the / isa prakAra upahArasvarUpa ratnoM kA samUha" kSauma (rezamI vastra ), aMzuka, dukRtma, cInI vastra, hAthI, turUSka, kamboja, vAlTrIka, taitila, AraTTa, saindhava, banAyuja, gAndhAra aura vApi Adi deza meM utpanna kulIna ghoDe, kezara, agaru, kapUra, svarNa, motI auSadhiyoM kA samUha, gozIrSacandana Adi vastuyeM prApta hotI thiiN| kovavRddhi ke upAya rAjA ko cAhie ki apane samasta deza meM kisAnoM dvArA bhalI bhA~ti khetI karAe aura dhAnya Adi kA saMgraha karane ke lie unase nyAyapUrNa ucita aMza le / aisA hone para usake bhaNDAra Adi meM bahuta sI sAmagrI ikaTThA ho jAyagI aura usakA deza bhI puSTa hogA" / jisa prakAra dUdha dene vAlI gAya se use binA kisI prakAra kI pIr3A pahu~cAe dUdha duhA jAtA hai. -

Page #126
116 usI prakAra rAjA ko bhI adhika kaSTa na dene vAle karoM se prajA se dhana vasUla karanA cAhie * / jisa rAjA ke kAraNa prajA kara ke bhAra se adhika duHkhI rahatI hai, usa rAjA ke sthAna para kisI nyAyapUrNa rAjA ke baiThane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai / AcArya somadeva ne rAjA kI koSavRddhi ke nimnalikhita cAra upAya batalAe haiM(1) rAjA vidvAn brAhmaNa aura vyApAriyoM se unake dvArA saMtrita kie hue dhana meM se kramazaH dharmAnuSThAna, jJAnAnuSThAna aura kauTumbika pAlana ke atirikta jo dhanarAzi zeSa bacce use lekara apanI kozavRddhi kare / . (2) zranAya puruSa, santAnahIna dhanADhya vidhatrAyeM, dharmAdhyakSa Adi grAmINa adhikArI varga, vezyAoM kA samUha aura pAkhaNDI logoM ke dhana para kara lagAkara unakI sampati kA kucha aMza lekara apane kroza kI vRddhi kare / (3) acala, sampattizAlI mantrI, purohita aura adhInastha rAjA logoM kI anunaya aura vinaya karake unake ghara jAkara unase dhana yAcanA kare aura usa dhana se apanI koSa vRddhi kare / (4) sampattizAlI dezavAsiyoM kI pracura dhanarAzi kA vibhAjana karake unake bhalI bhA~ti nirvAha yogya chor3akara unase zAnti ke sAtha lekara apane kAMdha kI vRddhi kare / saMcaya karane yogya padArtha samasta saMgrahoM meM anna saMgraha uttama mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki vaha prANiyoM ke jovana nirvAha kA sAdhana hai aura usake kAraNa manuSyoM ko sampUrNa prayAsa karane par3ate haiN| jisa prakAra bhakSaNa kiyA huA dhAnya prANarakSA kara sakatA hai, usa prakAra mukha meM rakhA huA bahumUlya sikkA nahIM kara sakatA hai" / samasta dhAnyoM meM kodoM (kodrava) cirasthAyI hote haiM (ataH unakA saMgraha karanA cAhie) purAnI dhAnya dekara navIna dhAnya ke dvArA Aya bar3hAnA cAhie aura purAnI dhAnya vyaya karate rahanA caahie"| samasta rasoM meM namaka kA saMgraha uttama hai, kyoMki namaka ke binA saba rasoM se yukta bhojana bhI gobara ke samAna lagatA hai / koSavRddhi ke kAraNa rAjA adhika dhAnya kI upajavAle bahuta se grAma jo ki usakI caturaMga senA kI vRddhi ke kAraNa hai, kisI ko na de| bahuta sA gomamukta, svarNa aura zulka dvArA prApta bhI koSavRddhi kA kAraNa hai / * koSa ke guNa koSa ke nimnalikhita guNa haiN| (1) jisameM adhika mAtrA meM sonA cA~dI ho / (2) jisameM vyavahAra meM calane vAle sikkoM kA adhika saMgraha ho / (3) jo vyaya karane meM adhika samartha ho / artha aura usakI mahattA jisase sabhI prayojana siddha hoM, use artha kahate haiN| aprApta kI prApti, prApti kI rakSA aura rakSita ghana kI vRddhi karanA arthAnubandha hai / jo manuSya sadA arthAnubandha se dhana kA anubhava karatA hai (dhana ke saMcaya meM pravRtti karatA hai) vaha dhanADhya ho jAtA * dharma aura kAma puruSArtha kA mUlakAraNa artha hai " / jisa gRhastha ke yahA~ khetI, gAya, bhaiMsa aura zAkatarakArI ke lie sundara bAga tathA ghara meM mIThe pInI kA kuA~ hotA hai, use saMsAra sukha prApta hotA hai" 1 (gAya, bhaiMsa Adi) jIvadhana kI dekhabhAla na karane vAle vyakti kI bahuta bar3I hAni -

Page #127
* 117 tathA mAnasika santApa hotA hai evaM bhUkhA pyAsA rakhane se pApabandha hotA hai / bUr3he, bAlaka, rogI evaM kamajora pazuoM kA apane bAndhavoM ke samAna poSaNa karanA caahie| tAdAtvika, mUlahara evaM kadarya ko saMkaTa sulabha haiM74 / jo manuSya kucha bhI vicAra na kara kamAe hue dhana kA vyaya karatA haiM, use tAdAtyika kahate haiM / jo vyakti apane pitA aura pitAmaha kI sampatti ko anyAya se ( kuvyasanoM se) bhakSaNa karatA hai, use mUlahara kahate haiN| jo vyakti sevakoM tathA apane ko kaSTa meM pahu~cAkara dhana kA saMcaya karatA hai, use lobhI kahate haiM" / tAdAtvika aura mUlahara manuSyoM kA bhaviSya meM kalyANa nahIM hotA hai" / lobhI kA saMcita dhana rAjA, kuTumbo aura cora inameM se kimI eka kA hai" / ataH manuSya ko apanI Aya ke anurUpa vyaya karanA caahie| arthalAbha ke tIna bheda arthalAbha tIna prakAra kA hotA hai - (1) navIna (2) bhUtapUrva (3) - paitRka" / rAjagrA dhana - rAjA koSa bar3hAtA huA (nyAyocita upAyoM dvArA ) prApta dhana kA upayoga kre| jo rAjA apanI prajA ko saba prakAra kaSTa detA hai, usakA koSa rikta ho jAtA hai | ataH rAjA ko isa prakAra dhanagrahaNa karanA cAhie, jisase prajA ko pIr3A na ho aura usake ghana ko kSati na ho" / rAjA yakAyaka mile hue dhana ko koSa meM sthApita kara usakI vRddhi kareM" / surga durga kI paribhASA : jisake pAsa prApta hokara yA jisake sAmane yuddha ke lie bulAe gae zatru loga duHkha anubhava karate haiM athavA jo duSToM ke udyoga dvArA utpanna hone vAlI ApattiyA~ naSTa karatA hai, use durga kahate haiM / durga kA mahatva durga rAjA aura usakI senA vagairaha ke bacAva ke uttama Azraya sthala the. unheM zatru dvArA alaMghanIya" kahA gayA hai| kile meM surakSita rAjA para vijaya prAya: cAroM ora se usakA AvAgamana rokakara kI jAtI thii| zatru dvArA AkrAnta hone ke sAtha-sAtha kabhI-kabhI zatru para AkramaNa karane ke lie bhI durga kA Azraya lenA par3atA thaa| rAjA kuNDalabhaNDila durgApagar3ha kA avalambana kara sadA rAjA anaraNya ko bhUmi ko usa taraha virAdhita karatA rahatA thA jaise kuzIla manuSya kula kI maryAdA ko virAdhita karatA rahatA hai / vardhamAna carita ke cIdhe sarga se jJAta hotA hai ki vizAkhanandI ne vizvanandI ke sAtha yuddha meM vijaya prApta karane kI icchA se usake dhana ko bhaMyakara durga banA diyaa| isa prakAra durga kA mahatva do dRSTiyoM se thA - (1) AkramaNa se rakSA | (2) zatru para AkramaNa kara usa para vijaya prApta karanA / - durga racanA durga ke cAroM ora koTa tathA gaharI parikhA (khAI) hotI thii| cAroM ora nAnA prakAra ke yantroM se use gherA jAtA thA tathA zUravIroM kA samUha usakI rakSA karatA thA usake bIcabIca meM patAkAyeM phaharA dI jAtI thI / 'AcArya somadeva ne durgaracanA ke lie nimnalikhita bAteM" Avazyaka batalAI haiM (1) durga kI jamIna viSama (U~cI nIcI) aura paryApta avakAza vAlI ho| (2) durga aise sthAna para banAyA jAya jahA~ svAmI ke lie ghAsa, IMdhana aura jala bahutAyata se prApta ho sakeM, kintu zatru ke lie inakA abhAva ho /

Page #128
(3) jahA~ para aneka prakAra ke dhAnya aura rasoM (bI, tela Adi) kA saMgraha ho| (4) jahAM para dhAnya aura rasoM kA praveza tathA nikAsI ho| (5) jahA~ vIra puruSa nivAsa karate hoN| uparyukta lakSaNoM se yukta durga yathArtha rUpa se durga hai| zeSa durga to bandizAlA ke samAna hai| durga ke bheda - durga do prakAra ke hote haiM - (1) svAbhAvika (2) AhArya / (1) svAbhAvika durga - svayaM utpanna hue yuddhopayogI aura zatru dvArA AkramaNa karane ke ayogya parvata, svAI Adi vikara khAnoM ko svAbhAvika durga kahate haiN| (2) AhArya durga - kRtrima upAyoM ke dvArA banAe hue durga ko ahAryadurga kahate haiM / duI ke prakArAntara se anya do bheda prApta hote haiM - (1) parvatIya durga (2) nimna durga / parvatIya durgoM ke lie girIdurga tathA anya ke lie nimnadurga zabda kA prayoga hotA thA / kinhIM vizeSa avasaroM para rAjA loga pahAr3I durgoM (giri durgoM) kA Azraya kara zaktizAlI zatru ke viruddha uTha khar3e hote theM / aisI dazA meM zatru ko pakar3anA yA vaza meM karanA bahuta bar3I saphalatA mAnI jAto thI / kyoMki yaha kaThina kArya thA / isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki giri durga kA vizeSa mahatva thA / kSeyapurI nagara kA varNana karate hue gadyacintAmaNi meM kahA gayA hai - 'yaha pahAr3I durga hai, yaha samajhakara kalyANa ke abhilASI manuSya isa nagara kI sevA karate haiM / durga jItane ke upAya - durga jItane ke nimnalikhita upAya haiM | (1) adhigamana - sAmAdi upAyapUrvaka zatru durga para zastrAdi se susajjita sainya praviSTa kraanaa| (2) upajApa - vividha upAya dvArA zatru ke AmAtya Adi adhikAriyoM meM bheda karake zatru ke pratidvandvI bnaanaa| (3) cirAnubandha - zatru ke durga para sainikoM kA cirakAla taka gherA DAlanA / (4) avaskanda - zatru durga ke adhikAriyoM ko pracurasampatti aura mAna dekara vaza meM krnaa| (5) tIkSaNapuruSa prayoga - ghAtaka gupnaroM kI zatru rAjA ke pAsa bhejnaa| durgana hone se hAni - prAcIna kAla meM durga rAjAoM kI surakSA ke sudRr3ha sAyana the, jo yathAsthAna rakhe hue yantra, zastra, jala, jau, ghor3e aura rakSakoM se bhare rahate the balavAna zatru kA mukAbalA durgoM kA Azraya kara kiyA jA sakatA thA, kyoMki apane sthAna para sthita kharagoza bhI hAthI se balavAna ho jAtA hai | durgavihIna deza kisake tiraskAra kA sthAna nahIM hotA hai ? arthAt sabhI ke tiraskAra kA pAtra hotA hai| durgazUnya rAjA kA samudra ke madhya jahAja se gire hue pakSI ke samAna koI Azraya nahIM hai| durga kI surakSA ke upAya - jisake hAtha meM rAjamudrA nadI gaI ho athavA jisakI male prakAra parIkSA na kI gaI ho, aise vyakti ko apane durga meM praveza nahIM denA caahie| itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki hUNadeza ke nareza ne apane sainikoM ko vikrayayogya vastuoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vyApAriyoM ke veSa meM durga meM praviSTa karAyA aura unake dvArA durga ke svAmI ko maravAkara citrakUTa deza para apanA adhikAra kara liyA / kisI zatru rAjA ne kAMcI nareza kI sevA ke bahAne bheje hue zikAra khelane meM pravINa hone se talavAra dhAraNa karane meM abhyasta sainikoM ko usake deza meM bhejA, jinhoMne durga meM praviSTa hokara bhadra nAma ke rAjA ko mArakara apane svAmI kI kAMcI deza kA adhipati bnaayaa|

Page #129
119 phuTanoTa) SyGR' 1. nItivAkyAmRta 21/5 2. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 2/18 3. vahI 2/4 4. vahI 2:13 5. kSatracUr3AmaNi 315 6. gadyayacintAmaNi - dvitIya lambha pR. 124 7. chatracUDAmaNi 3/4-8 8. nItivAkyAmRta 21/5 9.21/4 (vahI) 10, nItivAkyAmRta 2117 11. vahI 21/8 12. vahI 21/9 13. vahI 21/10 14. vahI 21/11-12 15. vahI 21/13 16. nItivAkyAmRta 26/20 17. vahI 27/47 18. vahI 29794 19. bahI 29/95 20. vahIM 11/36 21. vahI 17/55 22. vahIM 21/7 23. AdipurANa 37185 24. nItivAkyAmRta 18/51 25. vahIM 18/52 vahA Asa 28, vahIM 8/5 29. vahIM 84 30. nItivAkyAmRta 18/8 31. notivAkyAmRta 18/9 32. vahI 18/7 33. vahI 18/10 34. vahI 18/53 35. vahI 18/54 OM. vahI 8/11 37. yahI 8/12 38. vahI 87 39. vahI 8/7 40. vahIM 19/14 41. vahI 19118 42. vahI 19721 43. vahI 26/42 44. nItiSAkyAmRta 18/55 45. vahI 18158 46. vahI 18/56 47. nahI !37 48. vahI 18/66 49. vahIM 18167 50. vahIM 18165 51. AdipurANa 29/25 52. vahI 32/182 53. vahI 30/103 54. vahIM 30/105-105, 30/107-108 55. vahIM 31/61 36. vahI 32/98 57. vahIM 42/177-178 58. AdipurANa 16/254 59. vahIM 29126 60. nItivAkyAmRta 21/24 61. vahI 18/68-69 62. vahI 18/71 63. vahIM 18/72 64. nautivAkyAmRta 19/22 65. vahI 19/23 66. vahI 21/2 67. vahI 21 68. vahI 23 69. yahI 212 70. vahI 3/17

Page #130
71. vahI 8/3 72. vahI 8/8 73. vahI 8/9 74. vahI 2/6 75.961 2/7 76. vahI 2/8 77. bale 2/9 78. vahI 2/10 79. vahIM 2/11 80.467 26/44 81. nItivAkyAmRta 29/103 82. vahI 21/3 83. vahI 19/17 84.61 29/101 85. vahI 18/64 86. nItivAkyAmRta 20/1 87. AdipurANa 28/92 88. vahI 31/139 89. padmacarita 43 / 28 120 90. vahI 43/28 91. vahI 26/40 92. varSamAnacarita 4/62-63 93. vardhamAnacarita 4/75 94. nItivAkyAmRta 20/3 95. vahI 20/2 96. AdipurANa 29/76 . harivaMzapurANa 43/ 162 97. 98. vahIM 20/17 99. gadyacintAmaNi SaSTha lambha pR. 261 100 nItivAkyAmRta 20/4 101. uttarapurANa 54/24 102. kSatracUr3AmaNi 2/64 103. nItivAkyAmRta 20/4 104. vahI 20/5 105. vahI 20/7 306. vahI 20/8 107. vahI 20/9 Doo

Page #131
aSTama adhyAya bala athavA senA senA kI paribhASA :- jo zatruoM kA nivAraNa karake ghana-dAna madhura bhASaNa dvArA svAmI ko sabhI avasthAoM meM zakti pradAna karatI hai, usakA kalyANa karatI hai, use senA kahate haiN| senA ke bheda - caturaMga bala prAcIna granthoM meM prAya: caturaMga bala kA ullekha huA hai caturaMga bala ke antargata nimnalikhita senA AtI hai : I 1. hasti senA / 2. azvasenA / 4. padAti senA / 3. ratha senA / 1. hasti senA yoddhAoM ke vAhana hokara jAne vAle hAthI ke Upara ke sIne ke jhUla tathA hode vizeSa suzobhita hote the tathA una para zveta ca~vara hote the| yuddha meM lipta hAthiyoM ke zarIra kavacoM se Dhake hote the / mahAbata jaba unheM hA~kate the taba ve eka dUsare se bhir3a jAte the / tathA sannAha (kavaca ) ke kAraNa zarIra meM kahI bhela sthAna na milane ke kAraNa lohe se mar3he hue unake vizAla dAMta eka dUsare ke mukhoM meM pUre ke pUre paiMsa jAte the| tomara Adi zastroM ke AghAta se hAthiyoM kA zarIra phaTa jAtA thA, ghAtroM meM se rakta kI moTI dhArAyeM nikalatI thIM, kintu ye madavAle hokara zatruoM kA ghAta karate the / mahAn yoddhAoM ke dvArA bhArI gadAveM, vizAla paridha tathA atyanta tIkSNa dhAra vAlI zaktiyoM ke AghAta se parijAta hAthI apane mahAvatoM ko bhI parAsta kara dete the| roSa ke kAraNa hAthI eka dUsare ke dAMtoM ko ukhAr3a lete the aura una dA~toM ko unhIM ke Upara mAra dete the| - 'jala pradeza ko hastisenA ke dvArA sugamatA se pAra kiyA jAtA thA pAnI ko pAra karake vyUha racanA se calate hAthiyoM kA samUha aisA lagatA thA, mAnoM senA ke jAne ke lie pula hI banA diyA gayA ho / nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra senA meM hAthI pradhAna aMga mAne jAte haiN| apane avyavoM ( aMgoM) ke dvArA ve aSTAyuddha (cAra paira, do dA~ta, pUMcha aura sU~r3a evaM astra vAle ) hote haiM / rAjAoM ko vijaya ke pradhAna kAraNa hAthI hote haiN| eka hAthI bhI yuddha meM hajAroM prahAroM se vyathita na hokara hajAroM yoddhAoM se yuddha karatA hai| hAthI jAti, kula, vana aura pracAra ke kAraNa hI pradhAna nahIM mAne jAte haiM, apitu zarIra, bala, zaurya, zikSA aura yuddhopayogI (karttavyazIlatA Adi ) sAmagrI se pramukha mAne jAte haiN| azikSita hAthI kevala dhana aura prANoM kA haraNa karane vAle hI hote haiN| hAthiyoM ke nimnalikhita' guNa hote haiN| : 1. sukhapUrvaka jAnA / 3. zatru ke nagara ko tor3anA phor3anA / 5. jala meM pula bAMdhanA | 6. bolanA chor3akara apane svAmI ke lie sabhI prakAra ke Ananda utpanna karanA / 2. azvasenA- azvasenA apanI vegazIlatA ke lie prakhyAta rahI hai| isakI vegazIlatA - kA dhanaJjaya ne bahuta hI sundara citra khIMcA hai pUrI kI pUrI caMcala azvasenA kA vega vAyu ke samAna thA, citta vegamaya thA, zarIra citramaya thA tathA citra aura zarIra ekameka ho jAne ke kAraNa * vaha azvArohiyoM kI preraNA se jala rAzi ko pAra kara gaI thii| 2. AtmarakSA | 4. zatru ke vyUha kA nAza karanA /

Page #132
122 AcArya somadeva ke anusAra azvabala senA kA calatA phiratA (jaGgama bheda hai" | jisa rAjA ke pAsa azvasenA pradhAnatA se vidyamAna hai, usa para yuddharUpI geMda se krIr3A karane vAlI lakSmI prasanna hotI hai aura duraSI zatru bhI nikaTavartI ho jAte haiM 1 isake dvArA yaha Apatti meM samasta manoratha prApta karatA hai / zatruoM ke sAmane jAnA, vahAM se bhAga jAnA, una para AkramaNa karanA, zatrusenA ko chinna chinna kara denA ye kArya azvasenA dvArA siddha hote haiM jo vijigIdhu jAtyazva para ArUr3ha hokara zatru para AkramaNa karatA hai usakI vijaya hotI hai tathA zatru usa para prahAra nahIM kara sktaa| jAtyazva ke 9 utpattisthAna hai" |(1) sarjikA (2) svasthalAggA (3) karokharA (4) gAjiMgANA (5) kekANA (6) puSTAhArA (7) gAtArA (8) sAdupArA (9) sindhupArA / 3. rathasenA - jaba dhanurvidyA meM pravINa yoddhA rathArUr3ha hokara (zatru para) prahAra karate haiM saba rAjAoM ke lie kyA asAdhya raha jAtA hai ? arthAt kucha bhI asAbhya nahIM raha jAtA hai / rathoM ke dvArA naSTa-bhraSTa kI huI zanusenA AsAnI se jIta jAtI hai / rathoM para savAra yoddhAoM ke sira para mukuTa baMdhA rahatA thaa| ve apane zarIra ko kavaca dvArA surakSita rakhane kA yatna karate the tathA unakA pramukha astra dhanuSa, bANa hotA thA" ratha aneka prakAra kI citrakArI se vibhUSita hote the| una para uttama ratna tathA sone kA jar3Ava hotA thA tathA hilatI huI camakatI huI choTI-choTI bajAoM ko zobhA anupama hotI thii| 4. padAti senA - hasti, azva tathA rathamaya senA ke Age padAtisenA calatI thii| 5.saptAGga senA- harivaMzapurANa meM hAthI, ghor3A, ratha, paidala sainika,baila, gandharva aura nataMkI ina sAta prakAra ko senAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| 38 veM sarga meM bhagavAn neminAtha ke janmotsava ke samaya deva, vRSabha, ratha, hAthI, gandharSa aura nartakI ina sAta prakAra kI senA ke Ane kA varNana prApta hotA hai / sabase pahale devoM kI senA thI, isane sAta kakSAoM kA vibhAga kiyA thA aura gola AkAra banAyA thaa| yaha svAbhAvika puruSArtha se yukta thI aura zastra dhAraNa kie hue thI / isake pazcAt vega meM vAyu ko jItane vAlI ghor3oM kI senA thI / tadanantara beloM ko vaha senA cAroM ora khar3I thI, jo sundara mukha, sundara aNDakoza, nayanakamala, manohara kAMdola, pU~cha,zabda, sundara zarIra, sAranA, svarNamaya khura aura sIMgoM se yukta thA / candramA ke samAna usako ujjavala kAnti thI / vRSabhasenA ke pazcAt balayAkAra rathasenA suzobhita thI / isake pazcAt vizAlakAya hAthiyoM ko senA thI / hAthiyoM ko senA ke bAda gandharSoM kI senA suzobhita thii| isane madhura mUchanA, komala vINA, utkRSTa bAMsurI, tAla kA zabda aura sAtoM prakAra ke svaroM se saMsAra ke madhyabhAga ko pUrNa kara diyA thA / yaha senA, deva, devAGganAoM se suzobhita aura sabako Anandita karane vAlI thii| gandhavoM kI senA ke bAda utkRSTa nRtya karane vAlI nartakiyoM kI vaha senA thI jo nitamboM ke bhAra se manda-manda gamana kara rahI thI, samasta rasoM ko puSTa karane vAlI thI tathA valayoM se suzobhita hone ke kAraNa devoM ke.manoM ko AkarSita kara rahI thii| pratyeka senA meM sAta-sAta kakSAyeM thii| prathama kakSA meM caurAsI hajAra ghor3e, baila Adi the| dUsarI tIsarI Adi kakSAoM meM ye kramazaH dunedUne the| AdipurANa meM hAthI, ghor3A, ratha, gandharva, nartakI, piyAde aura baila ke rUpa meM sAta prakAra kI senA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vizeSakara, hasti, azva, ratha aura padAti senA adhika kAma karatI thii|

Page #133
123 SaDaGga senA - cakravartI kI senA ke hAthI, ghor3e, ratha, padAti, deva aura vidyAdhara ye chaha aMga the / paidala sainikoM kI apekSA rathasenA kA gaurava adhika hotA thA29 / saMkhyA meM paidala senA adhika hotI thI, kyoMki striyA~ bhI yuddha meM catura hone ke kAraNa yoddhAoM ke samAna AdaraNa karatI thii| uttarapurANa meM SaDaGga senA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / isa saba senA kI zobhA svApI se hotI thI / svAmI kI saphalatA asaphalatA kI nIti para bahuta kacha senA kI saphalatA, asaphalatA nirbhara thI / sainika loga kUTa-yuddha karane meM bhI nipuNa hote the / sainikoM kA yaha vizvAsa thA ki yuddha karane meM eka to sevaka kA kartavya pUrA ho jAtA hai, dUsare yaza kI prApti hotI hai aura tIsare zUravIroM kI gati prApta hotI hai / mantrigaNa abhyudaya prApta aneka mitroM se yukta hone ke kAraNa mahAn aura ajeya parAkrama ke dhAraka rAjA se yuddha karanA zreSTha nahIM samajhate the, kyoMki balavAn ke sAtha yuddha karane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / ghanabjaya ke anusAra jo rAjA chaha prakAra ke antaraMga za (kAma, krodha, mAna, lobha, harSa tathA mada) ko jIta letA hai, usakI chaha prakAra kI senA use nahIM chor3atI hai" dvisandhAna mahAkAvyake saMskRta TIkAkAra nemicandra ne graha prakAra kI senA ke antargata maula, bhRtaka, zreNya, araNya, dugaM tathA mitra senA ko mAnA hai / apane kathana kI puSTi meM unhoMne eka zloka bhI isI Azaya kA uddhRtakiyA hai / koTilya ne durgabala ko na ginAkara usake sthAna para amitrabala ginAkara chaha saMkhyA kI pUrti kI hai. sAtha hI eka sAtaveM prakAra kI senA, jise unhoMne autsAhika bala kahA hai, kA alaga se kathana kiyA hai | 1.maulabala - mUla sthAna arthAt rAjadhAnI kI rakSA ke lie jitanI senA kI apekSA ho usake atirikta senA ko yuddha meM le jAnA cAhie athavA maulabala ke vidroha kara dene kI sambhAvanA ho to usako yuddha Adi kAryoM meM sAtha le jAnA cAhie yA mukAbale meM Aye hue zatru para maula bala ke anurAga kI sambhAvanA jAna par3e to usakA sAtha le jAnA cAhiye athavA zatru kisI zaktizAlI sainya ko lekara yuddha karane ke lie AyA hai taba bhI maulabala ko sAtha le jAnA cAhie yA dUradeza, dorghakAlIna yuddha kSaya-vyaya kI avasthA meM bhI maulabala ko sAtha rakhanA caahie| svAmibhakta zatru ke dUta merI senA meM bheda DAlane kA yatna kareMge, aisI sambhAvanA hone para tathA dUsarI senAoM para pUrA vizvAsa nahone kI sthiti meM bhI maulabala ko yuddha karanA cAhie, kyoki maulabala atyanta svAmibhakta hone ke kAraNa phor3A nahIM jA sakatA hai| anya senAoM ke pradhAna puruSoM kA nAza ho jAne para yadi vijigISu kI senA ke kSetra chor3akara bhAga jAne kA bhaya ho to maulabala ko yuddhakSetra meM sAtha le jAnA cAhie / 2. bhUtaka bala- yadi vijigISu rAjA yaha samajhe ki mausabala ko apekSA merA bhRtakabala adhika hai athavA zatru kA maulabala thor3A tathA avizvAsI hai athavA zatru kA bhRtakabala kamajora yA na hone ke barAbara hai athavA isa samaya zatru ke sAtha tRSNI yuddha karanA par3egA, athavA thor3e hI bama se kArya sampanna ho jAyagA athavA yuddha kA gantavya deza dura nahIM hai, samaya bhI thor3A hI lagegA aura adhika kSaya, vyaya kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, adhyavA zannu ke guptacara merI senA meM bahuta kama praveza kara sakeMge aura ve bhI bheda na DAla sakeMge, yadi unhoMne bheda DAla diyA to apanI vizvasta senA ko kAbU meM na DAla sakU~gA athavA zatru ke thor3e hI kAryoM kI kSati karanA hai to aisI sthiti meM evaM aise avasaroM para bhRtakavala ko sAtha lekara usako yuddha meM AnA cAhie /

Page #134
124 3. zreNIvala- yadi vijigISu ko yaha vizvAsa ho ki mere pAsa zreNIvala itanA adhika hai ki usako rAjadhAnI kI rakSA meM lagAyA jA sakatA hai aura zatru ke sAtha yuddha karane ke samaya bhI usako sAtha liyA jA sakatA hai athavA saphara kama hai, mukAbale ko senA bhI prAyaH zreNobala ke sAtha yuddha karane yogya hai athavA zatru tRSNAyuddha (mantra) athAkA prakAzayuddha (dhyAyAma) se mukAbalA karanA cAhatA hai athavA daNDa se DarA huA hone ke kAraNa zatru apanI senA ko kisI prakAra dUsare rAjA ke adhIna karake yuddha karane kI soca rahA hai, aisI sthiti meM evaM aise avasaroM para zreNIbala ko sAtha lekara yuddha karanA caahie| 4.araNyabala - yadi vijigISu rAjA yaha samajhe ki gantavyasthAna ko batAne ke lie patha pradarzaka kI AvazyakatA hogI athavA ATavika senA zatru kI yuddhabhUmi meM lar3ane yogya AyudhoM kI zikSA meM nipuNa hai athAva vijigISu kI AjJA binA hI AdakSika senA zatru senA ke sAtha yuddha meM pravRtta ho sakegI, jaise eka bilvaphala ko dUsare bilvaphala ke sAtha TakarAkara phor3A jAtA hai vaise hI zatru senA se ATavikasenA hI muThabher3a karane meM samartha hai athavA zatru bhI ATavika senA ko lekara hI yuddhabhUmi meM utara rahA hai athavA zatru ke alpa aniSTa ke lie araNya senA hI upayukta hogI / aisI sthitiyoM evaM aise avasaroM para ATavika (araNya) senA ko lekara hI yuddha karanA caahie| ___5. mitravala - yadi vijigISu rAjA yaha samajhe ki usakA mitrabala itanA majabuta hai ki yaha rAjadhAnI kI rakSA karane meM aura zatru para car3hAI karane meM bhI samartha hai athavA saphara bhI kama hai, tRSNIyuddha kI apekSA vahA~ prakAzayuddha hI adhika hogA, jisase kSaya, vyaya kI kapa sambhAvanA hai athavA zatru senA yA zatru ke deza meM sabhI ATavika senA yA mitrasenA ko pahile apanI mitra senA se bhir3Akara phira apanI senA se lar3AUMgA athavA isa yuddhAdi kArya meM mitra kA tathA apanA sapAna prayojana hai, isa kArya kI siddhi mitra ke hAtha meM hai athavA apane samIpastha antaraMga mitra kA avazya hI upakAra karanA hai athavA apane mitra se droha rakhane vAlI senA (dRSya senA) ko zatru senA ke sAtha bhir3Akara maravA DAlUMgA, aise avasaroM yA aisI sthiti meM mitrasenA ko yuddha meM sAtha le jAnA caahie| 6. durgarala - durga ke antargata rahane vAlI senA / dvisandhAna mahAkAvya ke TIkAkAra nemicandra ke anusAra rAjadhAno kI senA ko mola tathA paidala senA ko bhRtaka kahate haiN| zreNIbala ke inhoMne aThAraha peda kie haiM - senApati, mANaka, rAjazreNThI, daNDAdhipati, mantrI, mahattara, talavara, cAravarNa, caturaMga senA, purohita, AmAtya aura mahAmAtya / jaMgala meM rahane vAlI senA AraNya, dhUli koTaparvatAdi para sthita senA durgasenA tathA muhRt senA mitra senA kahIM jAtI hai / nItivAkyAmRta meM senA ke chaha bheda batalAe gae haiM - 1, maulabala - vaMzaparamparA se calI AI prAmANika, vizvAsapAtra paidala senA / 2. mRtya bala - sAmAnya sevaka / / 3. dhRtyaka bala - adhikArI senA / 4. zreNIbala / 5. pitrayala / 6. aattvik| ina chaha prakAra kI kramaza: pahale-pahale kI senA ko yuddha meM lagAnA caahie| uparyukta prakAra kI senAoM ke atirikta sAtaveM prakAra kI autmAhika senA bhI hotI hai, jo vijigISu kI

Page #135
125 vijayayAtrA ke sAtha zatru rASTra ko naSTa karane ke lie usakI senA meM mila jAtI hai / kSAtrateja, zasvavidyA meM nipuNatA zArya tathA (svAmI ke prati) anurAga ye autsAhika senA ke guNa hai / rAjA maulabala ke avirodhapUrvaka utsAhI senA ko dAna-sammAna ke dvArA anugrahIta kare | maula senA Apatti meM sAtha detI hai, daNDita kie jAne para bhI droha nahIM karatI tathA zatruoM dvArA phor3I nahIM jA sakatI hai| senA kI gaNanA - gaNanA kI dRSTi se senA ke ATha meda kie jAte the - (1) patti (2) senA (3) senAmukha (4) gulma (5) vAhinI (6) pRtanA (7) camU aura (8) anIkinI / / pati - jisameM eka ratha, eka hAthI, paMca pyAde aura tAna bar3e hote haiM, vaha patti kahalAtI senA - tIna pati kI eka senA hotI hai / senAmukha - tIna senAoM kA eka senAmukha hotA hai / gulma - tIna senAmukhoM kA eka gulma hotA hai| vAhinI - tIna gulmoM kI eka vAhinI hotI hai| pRtanA - tIna vAhiniyoM kI eka pRtanA hotI hai / camU - sIna pRtanAoM kI eka camahotI hai| anIkinI - tIna camU kI eka anIkinI hotI hai| . akSohiNI - anIkinI kI gaNanA ke anusAra dasa anIkinI kI eka akSohiNo hoto hai / isa prakAraNa akSohiNI meM ratha ikkIsa hajAra ATha sau sattara, hAthI ikkIsa hajAra ATha sau sattara, padAti eka lAkha nau hajAra tIna sau pacAsa, ghor3e paisaTha hajAra cha: sau caudaha hote haiM / harivaMzapurANa ke anusAra jisameM nau hajAra hAthI, naulAkha ratha, nau karor3a ghor3e aura nau sau karor3a paidala sainika ho use eka akSauhiNI kahate haiM jarAsandha ke pAsa isa prakAra kI aneka akSauhipI senA thii| sainika prayANa - kisI vizeSa avasara para nagara se bAhara nikalatI huI sainA ko zomA mahAnandI ke samAna hotI thI | senA kI rakSA ke lie senApati ko niyukta kiyA jAtA thaa| sabase pahale ghor3oM kA samUha jAtA thA usake pIche ratha calatA thA, hAthiyoM kA samUha bIca meM jAtA thA aura paidala sainika saba jagaha calate the| caturaMgaNI senA ke sAtha deva aura vidyAdhara calate the| isa krama meM anyatra vyatikrama dRSTigocara hotA hai| 36veM parva meM sabase Age paidala sainika, usase kucha dUra ghor3oM kA samUha, usase kucha dUra hAthiyoM kA samUha, senA ke donoM aura rathoM kA samUha tathA Age pIche aura Upara vidyAdhara tathA devoM ke calane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / zatru samUha ke parAkrama ko naSTa karane vAlA tathA dUsare ke dvArA alaMghanIya cakrarasna aura zatruoM ko daNDita karane vAlA daNDarala cakravartI kI senA meM sabase Age rahatA thA daNDa ratna ko Age kara senApati sabase Age jAtA thA / Age calane vAlA daNDarala saba mArga ko rAjamArga ke samAna vistRta aura sama karatA jAtA thaa| isa prakAra senA skhalita na hotI huI jAtI thI / rAjAoM aura sainikoM ke sAtha unakI striyAM bhI jAtI thI / candraprabhacarita se jJAta hotA hai ki prayANa ke samaya paTaha kI dhvani kI jAtI thI, jisase samasta sainikoM ko calane kI sUcanA prApta ho jAtI thI / pura ke bAhara gopura se nikalate samaya

Page #136
126 bor3oM kI kasAmasI dekhane yogya hotI thI / hayoM ke mahAvatoM ko ve kAraNa jhukAkara nikalanA par3atA thA tathA patAkAyeM (ketu) jhukA jhukAkara nikAlI jAtI thI ghor3oM kI TApoM se ur3I huI dhUli se AkAza chipa jAtA thaa| ghor3e itane zaktizAlI hote the ki unheM donoM hAthoM se rAsa kasakara rokA jAtA thA / hastipada (mahAvata ) kI DiNDima dhvani se loga saceta hokara idhara-udhara haTa jAte the / masta hAthI kupita aura niDara dRSTi DAlate hue cale jAte the / rathoM ke pahiyoM se pRthvI khuracakara aisI lagane lagatI thI mAnoM use jota DAlA gayA ho" / rathoM ke zabda se dizAyeM bahirI ho jAtI thii| lohe kA kavaca pahanane ke kAraNa nIle raMga kI dikhAI par3ane vAlo senA rAjA ke Asa-pAsa rahatI thii| maulabala ko rAjA madhya meM rakhatA thA aura ATavika senA ko sabase Age rakhatA thaa| madhya meM prabala senA sahita sAmantoM ko rakhA jAtA thaa| rAjA ke pIche yuvarAja, yuvarAja ke pIche anya koI bar3A rAjA calatA thA aura caturaMga senA se yukta anya rAjA loga rAjA ko gherakara calate the| ranivAsa bhI sAtha calatA thA bhAra Dhone ke lie kuliyoM" (vaivadhikoM) kaiToM tathA bailagAr3iyoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thA rAjA zrI varmA kI senA kA eka kaiMTa hAthI se Darakara karNakaTu zabda karatA huA, lambI gardana kie bojhA pheMkakara bhAgA aura isa taraha naTa ke samAna usane hAsyarasa kI avatAraNA kii| senA ke prasthAna karane para bhIr3a-bhAr3a meM janatA ko hAni bhI uThAnI par3atI thI / vIranandI ne usakA saccA citra khIMcA hai - eka gvAlina jA rahI thii| acAnaka hAthI ke A jAne se Dara ke mAre vaha hila utthii| sira para se bar3A bhArI dahI kA pAtra (maTakA ) girakara phUTa gyaa| kSaNa bhara khar3I khar3I vaha isa hAni ke lie sAMca karatI rahI aura usake bAda sar3aka para se lauTa gii| hAthI kI phuphakAra se bicakakara rAha meM baila bhAge to zakaTa (chakar3e) ke donoM ghure TUTa ge| bar3e lAbha ke lie ghumate hue banie ke ghI ke ghar3e usake mana ke sAtha hI phUTa gae " / / - sainika pramANa ke samaya dezavAsI Apasa meM carcA karate the yaha prabhu kA sundara antaHpura hai, yaha madonmatta hAthiyoM kI ghaTA hai yaha teja ghor3A hai, yaha U~Ta hai, yaha dedIpyamAna gaNikA hai aura yaha mArga meM rAjAoM kI paMkti se ghirA huA putrasahita prajApati hai| isase spaSTa hai ki gaNikAyeM bhI sAtha meM calA karatI thii| mArga meM dhAnya vagairaha kUTakara sApha karate hue kisAna gaurasa vagairaha bheMTa karate the / sainya zivira - bahuta sArA rAstA pAra karane ke bAda vizrAma ke lie bIca meM zivira lagAe jAte the| zivira ke cAroM aura dUSyakuTI" (tambU) aura vistRta paTamaNDapa banAe jAte the / tambuoM ke cAroM aura kaTIlI bADiyoM lagAI jAtI thIM 1 skandhAvara (zivira) ke bAhara aneka AvAsa (Dere) bane hote the, jahAM para ghor3oM ke plAna Adi (paryANAdi) laTakA die jAte jAte the* / zivira meM praveza karane ke lie eka bar3hA daravAjA (mahAdvAra) banAyA jAtA thA / zivira meM eka bar3A bAjAra lagAyA jAtA thA, jisako toraNa aura dhvajA Adi se acchI sajAvaTa ko jAtI thii| rAjA kA A~gana ratha, ghor3e, hAthI, sAmanta, karmacArI (niyogI), dvArapAla tathA anya aneka nidhiyoM se bharA rahatA thA, jise dekhakara rAjA ko bhI kucha-kucha Azcarya hotA thA / rAjA ke sinniveza kI racanA sthapati karatA thaa| jisa samaya AvasthoM (tambuoM) meM manuSya kI bhIr3a kA kSobha zAnta ho jAtA thA ghor3oM kA samUha jala pIkara paTamaNDapa meM icchAnusAra vAsa khAne lagatA thA, hAthI ke samUha sarovara

Page #137
127 -ramin meM snAna karAkara vana meM bA~dha die jAte the, usa samaya senA aisI jAna par3atI thI mAnoM sadaiva se vahAM raha raho ho83 | isa prakAra jahAM rAjA par3Ava DAlatA thA vahA~ eka choTA nagara sA basa jAtA thA |kpdd'oN se rAjA kA nivAsa, vezyAoM ke Dere tathA dukAnoM se zobhita bAjAra banAyA jAtA thA841 rAjAdhirAja padmanAma ke mandira, ghur3asAla, vezyAoM ke Dhere aura bAjAra Adi ko dekhakara pIrale Ane vAlo grajA ne samajhA ki yahI hamAre rahane kA sthAna hai / rAha meM calane se thake hue paricita puruSoM ke satkAra ke lie paTamaya nivAsa ( kamAtA kahAra para khar3I huIvazyAyeM bhaniyoM ko vahA~ kI rahane vAlI jAna par3oM / senA ko aise sthAna para ThaharAyA jAtA thA, jahA~ bA~sa, lakar3I tathA jala sulabhatA se pila sake / senApati pahale se hI jAkara aisI jagaha dekha letA thA | zIghra hI Age gae hue sevaka usa bhUmi ko sApha kara saba aura nirmita kapar3oM ke sAmAnya Dere (paTamaNDapa) tathA rAjAoM ke Thaharane yogya bar3e-bar3e tambuoM se yukta kara detA thA aura pratyeka Dere para pahicAna ke lie apaneapane cinha khar3e kara die jAte the / U~Ta ke Upara se hathiyAroM kA bojhA utAro / isa jamIna ko sApha karo, ThaNDA pAnI lAo, mahArAja ke rahane kI isa jagaha se Dere ko ukhAr3akara isake cAroM tarapha kanAta (kANDapaTa) lagAkara use phira sudhAro, yahA~ se ratha ko haTAo aura ghor3e ko bA~dho, bailoM ko jaMgala meM le jAo, tU ghAsa ke lie jA, ityAdi rUpa se adhikArI sevakoM ko AjA dete the| yuddha kAlIna sthiti - zatru senA kA jaba AkramaNa hotA thA taba vaha samasta deza ko naSTabhraSTa karane kA prayatna karatI thI / vaha ziSTa nAgarikoM kA bhI apamAna karatI huI Age bar3hatI thI / vizeSakara usakA lakSya rAjadhAnI para adhikAra karanA hotA thA, kyoMki zatruoM kI menA se bhayabhIta prajA haraNakie dhana se bace hue bahumUlya padArthoM tathA putrakalA Adi ke sAtha rAjadhAnI meM A jAtI thI / yuddha ke samaya kabhI-kabhI rAjadhAnI cAroM aura se ghira jAtI thI aura nagara meM ghAsa, phUsa, IMdhana aura pAnI kA pahu~canA durlabha ho jAtA thA / vijaya prApti ke lie senA kI vyUha racanA hotI thI / vyUha racanA ke kAraNa senA kI paMkti ko kisI dizA se tor3anA bahuta kaThina hotA thA / sainya saMcAlana meM rAjA kA mahattvapUrNa yoga hotA thA / jisa ora sainikoM kA utsAha zAnta dikhAI detA thA usa aura puraskAra Adi ke dvArA rAjA ThanheM uttejita kara detA thA tathA kahIM zithilatA dikhAI dI to use sAma, dAna Adi upAyoM se zAnta kiyA jAtA thA sajA ke samasta rAjaputra bhI sainya saMcAlana meM yoga dete the / jo senA atyadhika balazAlI aura sAhasI hoto thI tathA jisake rAjA kA koSa vizAla hotA thA, usako jotanA kaThina hotA thA96 / yuddha karate samaya nAyaka apanI sArI zakti ko dAva para lagA dete the| unake mana meM yaha bhAvanA rahatI thI ki hamAre grAma, Akara (khanija kSetra),pura tathA jitane po deza haiM tathA donoM senAoM ke pAsa jo bhI sampatti hai vaha usI kI ho jAya jo saMgrAma ke bAda bacA rahe" / yuddha meM aneka deza tathA bhASA vAle sainika bhAga lete the / yoddhAoM meM yuddha karate samaya AjJApAlana, kRtajJatA aura svAbhimAna ye tIna bhAvanAyeM pramukha rUpa se hotI thii| kucha loga apane svAmI kI AjJA kA pAlana karane ke lie hI lar3anA cAhate the|kuch socate the deza, grAma.nagara tathA AkaroM kA zAsana dekara tathA uttama vastra, AbhUSaNa, pAna Adi dekara jisa rAjA ne hameM hI nahIM, hamArI strI tathA baccoM

Page #138
kA sammAnapUrvaka bharaNapoSaNa kiyA, usa apratima zAsanakArI ke sAmane mAna meM uddhRta zatruoM ke siroM ko kATakara car3hAdeMge aura isa prakAra unake RNa me uRNa ho jAyeMge | anya svAbhimAnI yaunAoM meM kucha aise hote the jinako zatru rAjA athavA senA ne kaSTa diyA thA tathA apamAna kiyA thA / ve socate the - jo atyanta dayAhIna haiM, nyAyapatha se dUra haiM, hamAre deza kA vinAza karake jinhoMne svajanoM ko lUTA hai unake zarIra ko gadAoM se cUrNa kara yuddha sthala meM sukhA deMge / senA ke vividha karmacArI - senA meM aneka prAkara ke karmacArI rahate the, jinameM haniyoM ko sajAkara lAne vAle khaccariyoM kI jIna kasane vAle, striyoM kI pAlako le jAne vAle (kAryavAha) 15, ghor3oM para paryANaka (jIna) bA~dhane vAle, dAsiyoM ko bulAne vAle aMgarakSaka, senA ke Age jAkara nivAsa kI vyavasthA karane vAle, bhojanazAlA meM niyukta karmacArI, gorakSaka, kaMcukI, bAda kA kArya karane vAle, deza ke adhikAriyoM ke pAsa sandeza le Ane vAle,hastipAlaka,azvapAlaka,gopAlaka, uSTrapAlaka,pujArI, abhiSekakarta,ArthIrvAdadAtA aura naimittika nAma pramukha hai| yuddha - yuddha cAra prakAra ke hote the ! (1) dRSTi yuddha (2) malla yuddha (3) jala yuddha (4 zastra yuddha / prathama tIna yuddha dharmayuddha kahalAte the / zastra yuddha meM vibhinna upAya prayoga meM lAye jAte the| yahAM taka ki kUTayuddha bhI hotA thA / kUTayuddha karane vAle savArI sahita, pratApa se ugna tathA yuddha meM sahasA aura zIghra Age jAne vAle hote the" | zatru para vijaya prApti ke lie aneka prakAra ko vyUha racanA kI jAtI thI, jinameM cakravyUha" daNDavyUha, maNDalavyUha, bhogavyUha, asaMhasavyUha"" tathA makaravyUha pradhAna the / senAyeM rAjA se na to bahuta dUra jAtI thI aura na svachandatA pUrvaka idharaudhara hI ghUmatI thI | isa prakAra unakA anuzAsana kAyama rahatA thaa| isa anuzAsana meM balAdhyakSa kA bahuta bar3A yoga rahatA thA | rAjA jina subhaToM (zUravIroM) kI hAthiyoM ke pairoM kI rakSA ke lie niyukta karatA thA ye aneka rAjAoM ke sAtha yuddha karate the aura hAthiyoM ke cAroM ora vidyamAna rahate the| aise loga sira para Topa tathA zarIra para kavaca dhAraNa karate the aura hAtha meM talavAra uThAye rahate the| yuddha ke samaya lAmasAstra (candraprabhavarita 6/103) tapanAstra (candraprabhacarita6/104). zarazakti, cakra, kunta(candraprabhacarita6/101) bhujagAstra, garUDAstra, vahAsva, abdAstra (bArUmAstra) acalAstra (parvatAsva), kulizAstra (vajrAstra), udyamAstra, tandrAstra (mohanAstra), paSanAstra, payodharAstra, siddhayastra, vighnavinAyakAstra (candraprabhacarita6/105), asi (cndrprbhcritaa| 110), zilImukha (candraprabhacarita15/125) prAsa (candraprabhacarita15/125) ardhacandra" (bANa), mudgara (candraprabhacaritA5/127),gadA(candrapramacarita15/128),vabhuSTi, parazu, (candraprabhacaritA 125) zaMku (candraprabhacarita15/130) Adi zastroM kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thaa| sainya zakti kA upayoga- rAjA ko apanI prabhRtazakti kA upayoga zaraNAgatoM kI rakSA ke lie karanA cAhie, niraparAdha prANiyoM kI hatyA meM nahIM karanA caahie| jo manuSya nihatthe vyakti para zastraprahAra karatA hai athavA azAstrajJase vivAda karatA hai vaha paMcamahApAtakoM (strIvadha, bAlavadha, brAhmaNavadha, govadha va svAmIvadha) ke kaTukaphala bhogatA hai| jisa prakAra naukA ke binA kevala mujAoM se samudra pAra karane vAlA manuSya zIghra mRtyu ko prApta karatA hai, usI prakAra kamajora puruSa

Page #139
129 baliSTha puruSa ke sAtha yuddha karane se zIghra naSTa ho jAtA hai|2| o jAra se utpanna ho, jisake deza kA patA mAlUma na ho, lobhI, duSTa hRdaya yukta, jisase prajA Uba gaI ho, anyAyau, kumArgagAmI, vyasanI, amAtya, sAmanta senApatti adi jisake virUddha ho aise zatru para AkramaNa kara denA cAhie | jaja vijigISu buddhiyuddha dvArA jIte jAne meM asamartha ho taba use zastrayuddha karanA cAhie" buddhimAnoM kI buddhiyA~ jisa prakAra zatru ke unmUlana meM samartha hotI hai, usa prakAra vIrapurUSa dvArA preSita vANa samartha nahIM hote haiM dhanudhAriyoM ke bANa nizAnA sAdhakara calAe jAne para bhI pratyakSa mAna hamAre kamge meM kanakara ho jAte haiM, buddhimAna puruSa buddhibala se binA dekhe hue padArtha bhI bhalI-bhAMti siddha kara letA hai | anuzruti hai ki mAdhava ke pitA ne dUravatI sthAna meM sthita hone para bhI kAmandakI (nAmaka vezyA) ke prayoga se apane putra mAdhava ke lie mAlatI prApta kara lI / isa prakAra kuzala buddhi vAloM kI buddhi hI amogha astra hai jisa prakAra yA ke prahAra se tAr3ita pahAr3a puna: utpanna nahIM hote, usI prakAra vidvAnoM kI buddhi dvArA jIte hue zatru bhI punaH zatrutA karane kA sAhasa nahIM karate haiN| | jaba yusa bhUmi meM dIpaka kI pyAlA meM pataMga kI taraha apanA vinAza nizcita ho taba binA soce vicAre hI yuddha ke lie prayANa kara denA caahie|jb manuSya dIrghAyu hotA hai taba bhAgya ke bala se nirbala hone para bhI baliSTha zatru ko mAra DAlatA hai| yuddhakAlIna rAbakartavya - rAjA ko pratigraha ke binA yuddha meM nahIM jAnA caahie| rAjacinha Age kara pazcAt rAjA se adhiSThita pradhAna sainyasusajjita kara yuddha ke lie taiyAra karanA va sthApita karanA pratigraha hai|3 / pratigraha yukta bala bhale prakAra yuddha ke lie utsAhita hotA hai / yuddha ke avasara para senA ke pIche durga va jala sahita pRthvI rahane se use kAphI jIvana sahArA rahatA hai| kyoMki nadI meM pahale vAle puruSa ko taTavatI manuSya kA darzana usako prANarakSA kA sAdhana hotA hai / yuddha ke samaya senA ko anna na milane para bhI yadi jala mila jAya to vaha apanI prANarakSA kara sakatI hai / rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha apanI zakti ko na jAnakara zatru se sAtha yuddha na kre| apanI zakti ko na jAnakara zatru se yuddha karanA zira se parvata tor3ane ke samAna hai|* | jisa prakAra bar3e hue mRNAla tantuoM se diggaja bhI vaza meM kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra sainya dvArA zaktizAlI vyakti zatru ko parAsta kara detA hai|" | rAjA akelA anekoM ke sAtha yuddhana kare, kyoMki madonmatta jaharIlA sA~pa bahuta sI cITiyoM dvArA bhakSaNa kara liyA jAtA hai|" | rAjA samAna zakti vAle ke sAtha yuddha na kare / samAna zakti vAle ke sAtha yuddha karane para nizcita rUpa se maraNa hotA hai aura vijaya meM sandeha rahatA hai| kacce ghar3e yadi paraspara TakarAye to donoM naSTa ho jAte haiM / adhika zakti vAle ke sAtha bhI yuddha nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki bar3oM ke sAtha yuddha karanA hAthI ke sAtha yuddha karane vAle paidala sainika ke samAna hai| saMgrAma bhUmi se bhAgane vAle zatru jo pakar3a lie gaye ho, unheM vastrAdi se sammAnita kara chor3a denA cAhie | yuddha kI rIti- yuddha zAstra kI zikSA ke anusAra yuddha na kara zatru dvArA kiye jAne vAle prahAro ke abhiprAyAnusAra yuddha karanA cAhiejaba zatru vyasanoM athavA Alasya meM phaMsA ho taba sainya bhejakara usake nagara kA gherA DAlanA cAhie / sarvasAdhAraNa ke Ane jAne yogya sthAna meM senA kA par3Ava DAlane va svayaM Thaharane se prANa rakSA nahIM ho sakatI hai| ata:apanA par3Ava aise sthAna para DAlanA cAhie jo manuSya kI U~cAI barAbara U~cA ho, jisameM thor3e AdamiyoM kA praveza. ghUmanA tathA nikAsa ho, jisake Age vizAla sabhI maNDapa ke lie sthAna ho /

Page #140
130 1 vyUha racanA senA, buddhi, bhUmi, grahoM kI anukUlatA, zatru dvArA kiyA jAne vAlA yuddha kA udyoga aura sainyamaNDala kA vistAra ye susaMgaThita sainyavyUha kI racanA ke kAraNa * acchI taraha se racA huA bhI vyUha taba taka sthira rahatA hai, jaba taka zatru kI senA dRSTigocara nahIM hotI hai "" / prAcIna kAla meM aneka prakAra ke vyUhoM kI racanA kI jAtI thii| inameM se katipaya vyUhoM kA vivaraNa harivaMzapurANa meM isa prakAra prApta hotA hai MA cakravyUha - isameM cakrAkAra racanA ko jAtI thI / cakra ke eka hajAra Are hote the| ekaeka Are meM eka-eka rAjA sthita hotA thA, eka-eka rAjA ke sau-sau hAthI, do-do hajAra ratha, pA~ca-pA~ca hajAra chor3e aura saulaha-saulaha hajAra paidala sainika hote the| cakra kI dhArA ke pAsa chaha hajAra rAjA sthita hote the aura una rAjAoM ke hAthI, ghor3A Adi kaH parivAra putravata parimAga se cauthAI bhAga pramANa thA / pA~ca hajAra rAjAoM ke sAtha meM pradhAna rAjA usake madhya meM sthita hotA thaa| kula ke mAna ko dhAraNa karane vAle dhIra-vIra parAkramI pacAsa-pacAsa rAjA apanI-apanI senA ke sAtha cakradhArA kI sandhiyoM para avasthita hote the AroM ke bIca-bIca ke sthAna apanIapanI viziSTa senAoM se yukta rAjAoM sahita hote the| isake atirikta vyUha ke bAhara bhI aneka rAjA nAnA prakAra ke vyUha banAkara sthita hote the / garuDavyUha - cakravyUha ko bhedane ke lie garUr3a vyUha kI racanA kI jAtI thii| udAta raNa meM zUravIra tathA nAnA prakAra ke astra zAstroM ko dhAraNa karane vAle pacAsa lAkha yoddhA usa garUr3a ke mukha para khar3e kiye jAte the| pradhAna rAjA usake mastaka para sthita hote the| mukhya rAjA ke ratha kI rakSA karane ke lie aneka rAjA unake pRSTharakSaka mAne jAte the| eka karor3a rathoM sahita eka rAjA garUr3a ke pRSTha bhAga para sthita hotA thaa| usa rAjA kI pRSTha rakSA ke lie aneka raNavIra rAjA upasthita hote the / bahuta bar3I senA ke sAtha eka rAjA usa garUr3a ke dAyeM paMkha para sthita hotA thA aura unakI agala bagala kI rakSA ke lie catura zatruoM ko mArane vAle saikar3oM prasiddha rAjA paccIsa lAkha rathoM ke sAtha sthita hote the| garUr3a ke bAyeM pakSa kA Azraya le mahAbalI bahuta se yoddhA athavA rAjAgaNa yuddha ke lie khar3e hote the| inhIM ke samIpa aneka lAkha rathoM se yukta zastra aura astroM meM parizrama karane vAle rAjA sthita hote the / inake pIche aneka dezoM ke rAjA sATha-sATha hajAra ratha lekara sthita hote the / isa prakAra ye balazAlI rAjA garUr3a kI rakSA karate the / inake atirikta aura bhI aneka rAjA apanI-apanI senAoM ke sAtha mukhya rAjA ke kula kI rakSA karate the / keturacanA - pratyeka rAjA ke ratha para usakI viziSTa dhvajA hotI thI, jisase vaha pahacAnA jAtA thA / harivaMzapurANa meM garUr3a dhvajaH vRSaketu'' (baila cinha se aMkita patAkA), tAla dhvaja' bAnara dhvaja'' hAthI dhvaja, siMha dhvaja, kadalI dhvaja, hariNadhvaja zuzumArAkRtidhvaja, puSkaradhvaja" ( kamala ko dhvajA ) tathA kalazadhvaja 0 isa prakAra aneka dhvajAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / 158 kUTayuddha - dUsare zatru para AkramaNa kara vahAM se sainya lauTAkara yuddha dvArA jo anya zatru kA ghAta kiyA jAtA hai, use kUTayuddha kahate haiM " / tRSNayuddha viSapradAna ghAtaka purUSoM ko bhejanA, ekAnta meM zatru ke pAsa jAnA va bhedanIti ina upAyoM dvArA jo zatru kA ghAta kiyA jAtA hai use tuSNIyuddha kahate haiM /

Page #141
131 zreSTha senA - sArahIna adhika senA kI apekSA sArayukta thor3I senA uttama hai| rAjana-sArahIna senA naSTa ho jAtI hai to zatru sArayukta senA kA bhI nAza kara detA hai / sainikoM ke prati vyavahArajo yuddha meM sabase adhika parAkrama dikhalAtA thA, use rAjA vIrAnaNI" pada para niyukta karatA thaa| aise vyakti ko vIrapaTTa bAMdhA jAtA thA jo atyadhika vIra sainika rAjAoM ke sAtha yuddha karate the, unheM paidala senA kA nAyaka (pattinAyaka) aura isa prakAra ke jo vIra ghur3asavAra hote the unheM ghuDasavAra senA kA nAyaka banA diyA jAtA thA | sajA ko cAhie ki jisa yoddhA meM zUravIrapatre kI sambhAvanA ho, usake viSaya meM jAnakArI prApta kara usakA bhI sammAna karanA caahie| jisakA parAkrama dekhA jA cukA hai aura jisane atyanta asAdhya kArya siddha kara diyA hai, usakI to bAta hI kyA hai ? rAjA sAmantoM ko bhI prasannatA sUcaka upahAra dekara santuSTa kre| rAjA padmanAbha ne bhImarAja ko camakadAra kapar3e, subhIma ko maNikaGkaNa, mahAsena ko mukuTa, sena ko moliyoM kI mAlA, citrAGka ko cUDAmaNi, parantapa ko svarNa kA yajJopavIta..kaNTharAjA ko ratna ko kaNThI, sukumaNDala ko kuNDala tathA pIparatha ko anartha (komatI) maNi dekara prasanna kiyA sathA anya rAjAoM ko bhI yathAyogya kavaca, ghor3A, ratha tathA hAthI dekara santuSTa kiyaa| rAjA ko sainikoM kI dekharekha svayaM karanA caahie| jo rAjA svayaM apanI senA kI dekhabhAla na kara dUsaroM se karAtA hai, vaha dhana aura tantra (senA) se rahita ho jAtA hai | rAjA kisI akele vyakti ko sainyAdhikArI na banAe / aisA vyakti zatru dvArA phor3e jAne ke aparAdhavaza apane svAmI ke pratikUla hokara mahAn anartha karatA hai / sainikoM ka, 6, . sainikoM ko kisa svAmI ko lohakara na jAyA yuddha meM svAmI ko chor3akara jAne vAle sainika kA aihalaukika tathA pAralaukika kalyANa nahIM ho hai| paidala, pAlakI (dolA) para savAra athavA ghur3asavAra ( vyakti ) zatruko bhUmi meM praveza na kreN| yuddha meM apane svAmI se Age Ane vAle sainika ko azvamegha yajJa ke samAna phala milatA hai | senA ke rAjavirUddha hone ke kAraNa - svayaM sainikoM kI dekharekha na karanA, unake vetana meM se kucha aMza har3apa jAnA, vetana vilamba se denA, vipatti meM sahAyatA na karanA evaM vizeSa avasaroM para sainikoM kA sammAna na karanA, ina sanna kAraNoM se senA rAjavirUddha ho jAtI hai| yuddha meM jIta na hone kA kAraNa - jisake pAsa thor3e samaya Thaharane vAlI senA hai. yaha yuddha meM nahIM jIta sakatA hai| jaya parAjaya ke sUcaka zakuna - tatkAlIna janatA zakunoM meM vizvAsa karatI thii| zubhAzubha sapanoM ke dvArA hI jaya-parAjaya kI sUcanA mila jAtI thI / candraprabhacarita meM siyArI kA kAI aura zabda karanA, bAyIM ora gadhe kA mRdu zabda karanA, bhAradvAja pakSI kA parikramA karanA. miranI ke vRkSa para kauA bolanA, sahasA hAthiyoM ke kapoloM se mada jharanA, jaya kA sUcaka tathA dAra ora sipAhiyoM kA bolanA, bAra-bAra chIMka AnA, sA~pa kA rAha kATa jAnA, kaTile vRkSa para baiTara kaue kA karkaza zabda karanA, ghor3oM kI pUMchoM meM jalana honA. gadhe kA Arta zabda karanA, pratika havA calanA, mana udAsa honA va AkAza se rUdhira kI varSA honA parAjaya kA sUcaka mAnya gara parAjaya ke bAda kI sthiti - parAjita hone yA zatru ke teja se abhibhUta hone para g2ajAraNa bar3I vipatti meM par3a jAte the / kucha anugAmI banakara upAyana (bheMTa le ja ba zAdI

Page #142
132 sevA meM upasthita hote the kucha mahAgavaM rUpI hAthI para car3hakara apanI zorya ke mada meM bharI huI senA ke sAtha balazAlI rAjA ke zastroM kI agni zikhA meM bhasma ho jAte the"| kucha pratApI rAjA kI senA ke dvArA dale male jAne ke bhaya se strI aura putrAdi ko chor3akara apane zarIra kI rakSA ko hI bahuta mAnate hue jaMgala meM bhAga jAte the| bahuta se bhayavihvala ho kaThora ghAsa vAle kuThAra ko kaMTha se lagAkara zaraNa meM A jAte the| kucha darpahIna hokara vAhana, dhana, dhAnya aura sampUrNa ratna kalAoM kI rAjasabhA meM aise rAjAoM kI bhIr3a lagI 'rahatI thI / dvArapAloM ke dvArA apanA nAma aura kula kahalAkara phira bhItara jAkara ve vRthvI para sira rakhakara praNAma karate the| zatruoM ke hAtha jur3avAkara, unakA mAna miTAkara tathA unase sArAMzasvarUpa ratnAdi lekara unakA rAjya vApisa kara diyA jAtA thaa| kisI kAraNa aba pratApI rAjA kA zAsana zithila par3a jAtA thA taba samasta maNDala svatantra ho jAte the, kyoMki Alasya sabhI kI avanati yA tiraskAra kara kAraNa hotA hai / zatruvijaya apane zatru ke kAryoM kI prabalatA aura usake vicAra ko jAnakara pratIkAra karanA cAhie / isa prakAra uttama upAyoM se prasiddha manuSya kArya ko pUrNa karane meM rUkAvaTa rahita hote haiM / zatru yadi atyanta choTA bhI ho to usakI upekSA nahIM karanA caahie| AMkha meM par3I huI dhUli ke kaNa ke samAna upekSA kiyA huA zatru bhI pIr3A dene vAlA ho jAtA hai| kA~TA yadi atyanta choTA bhI ho to bhI use balAt nikAla denA cAhie, kyoMki paira meM lagA kA~TA yadi nikala nahIM jAtA to vaha atyanta duHkha dene vAlA ho jAtA hai / jisa prakAra duSTa sarpoM ko mantra ke bala se uThAkara bAmI meM DAla dete haiM, usI prakAra bhoga vilAsI rAjAoM ko balavAna rAjA mantra ke jora se ukhAr3akara kile meM DAla dete haiM / jisa prakAra vRkSa kI zAkhAoM ke agrabhAga kI ragar3a se utpanna huI agni parvata kA vighAta karane vAlI hotI hai, usI prakAra bhAI Adi antaraMga prakRti se utpanna huA kopa rAjA kA vighAta karane vAlA hotA hai" / sajAtIya loga paraspara ke virUddha AcaraNa se aMgAre ke samAna jalate rahate haiM aura ve hI loga anukUla rahakara netroM ko Anandita karate haiM / tejasvI puruSa bar3A hone para bhI apane sajAtIya logoM dvArA rokA jAtA hai| praNAma karane vAlA zatru svAmI ke mana ko utanA adhika duHkhI nahIM karatA hai, jitanA ki apane ko jhUThamUTha catura mAnane vAlA aura abhimAna se praNAma nahIM karane vAlA bhAI karatA hai | ataH bAhyamaNDala ke samAna antarmaNDala ko bhI vaza meM karanA caahie| buddhimAn puruSa RNa, ghAva, agni aura zatru ke bAkI rahe hue thor3e se bhI aMza kI upekSA nahIM karate 175 / mahAkavi asaga kA bhI kahanA hai ki paripAka meM pathya ko cAhane vAlA zatru kI bar3hI huI vRddhi ko jarA bhI nahIM cAhatA / zatru aura roga donoM ko yadi thor3ekAla taka sahasA bar3hate rahane diyA jAya to ye thor3e hI kAla meM prANoM ke grAhaka ho jAte haiN| bahuta bhArI tiraskAra karane vAle virUddha zatru para bhI jo pauruSa nahIM karatA hai vaha poche apanI strI ke mukharUpI darpaNa meM pratibimbita kalaMka ko dekhatA hai| arthAt striyoM ke samakSa use lajjita honA par3atA hai| jo udArabuddhi haiM ve eka kSaNa ke lie bhI teja ko nahIM chor3ate haiN| tejasviyoM kA koI bhI bAla bAMkA nahIM kara sktaa| jo siMha madonmatta hAthiyoM ke kumbhasthaloM ke vidAraNa karane meM atidakSatA rakhatA hai, yadi usako A~kha nidrA se suMda jAye to bhI usakI saTA (gardana ke bala) ko gIdar3a naSTa nahIM kara sakate

Page #143
133 haiN| jo rAjA daiva aura balaprayoga se rahita hai, use zatru jItakara rAjadhAnI ke sAtha-sAtha rAjya ko le lete haiM 202 / AcArya somadeva ke anusAra (zatru vinAza ke) upAya ko jAnane vAle vyakti ke sAmane hIna aura mahAna ke pAle zatru nahIM Tahara sakate haiM prakAra nadIpUra taTavartI tRNa va vRkSoM ko eka sAtha ukhAr3akara pheMka detA hai, usI prakAra zatruvinAza ke upAyoM ko jAnane vAlA vijigoSu bhI aneka saphala upAyoM se mahAzaktizAlI va hInazakti yukta zatruoM ko parAsta kara detA hai| zatru ke kuTumbiyoM ko apane pakSa meM milAne ke sivAya koI dUsarA zatrusenA ko naSTa karane vAlA mantranahIM haiM / ataH jisa zatru para (rAjA) car3hAI kare usake kuTumbiyoM ko avazya hI apane pakSa meM milAkara zatru se yuddha karane ke lie prerita kre| koTe se kA~TA nikAlane ko taraha zatru dvArA zatru ko naSTa karane meM prayatnazIla honA caahie| jisa taraha baila se baila phor3e jAne para donoM meM se eka athavA donoM phUTa jAte haiM, usI prakAra zatru se zatru lar3Ane para donoM kA athavA eka kA nAza hotA haiN| aparAdhI zatru para vijaya prApta karane meM kSamA yA upekSA kAraNa nahIM, kintu vijigISu kA koSa va sainyazaktirUpa teja hI kAraNa hai| jisa prakAra choTA sA patthara zaktizAlI hone ke kAraNa ghar3e ko phor3ane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai, usI prakAra vijaya kA icchuka sainyazakti yukta hone ke kAraNa mahAn zatru ko naSTa karane kI kSamatA rakhatA hai| mahApuruSa dUravartI zatru se bhayabhIta hote haiM, parantu zatru ke nikaTa A jAne para apanI vIratA dikhalAte haiN| jisa taraha komala jalapravAha vizAla parvatoM ko ukhAr3a detA hai, usI prakAra komala rAjA bhI mahAzaktizAlI zatru rAjAoM ko naSTa kara detA hai| priyavAdI puruSa mora ke samAna abhimAnI zatru rUpI sarpoM ko naSTa kara detA hai / zatru para kabhI vizvAsa nahIM karanA cAhie, zatru para vizvAsa karanA ajAkRpANIya nyAya ke samAna ghAtaka 26 | zatru ke rASTra meM praviSTa hone para apanI senA ko vizeSa paribhramaNa nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki isase khedakhinna senA zatru dvArA saralatA se jItI jA sakatI hai 2091 baliSTha zatru dvArA AkramaNa kie jAne para manuSya ko yA to anyatra calA jAnA cAhie athavA usase sandhi kara lenA cAhie, anyathA usake kalyANa kA koI upAya nahIM hai| apanI zakti ko binA soce samajhe parAkrama karane se sabhI kI hAni hotI hai|" / zatru para AkramaNa karane se hI vaha vaza meM nahIM hotA, apitu yukti ke prayoga dvArA hI vaha vaza meM kiyA jA sakatA hai 12 balavAna kI zaraNa lekara jo usase uddaNDatA kA vyavahAra karatA hai, usakI tatkAla mRtyu hotI hai / jo zatru AzrayahIna hai athavA durbala Azraya vAlA hai, usase yuddha kara usakA vinAza kara denA caahie| yadi kAraNavaza zatru se sandhi ho jAya to apanA mArga niSkaNTaka banAne ke lie usakA dhana chIna le yA use isa taraha zaktihIna kare, jisase vaha punaH sira na uThA sake / apane hI kula kA puruSa rAjA kA svAbhAvika (sahaja) zatru hai 21" ( kyoMki vaha Izyavaza rAjA ke patana kI bAta socatA hai) / jisake sAtha virodha utpana kiyA gayA hai tathA jo svayaM Akara virodha karatA hai, ye donoM rAjA ke kRtrima zatru haiN| dUravatI mitra aura nikaTavartI zatru hotA hai, yaha zatru-mitra kA sarvathA lakSaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki kAryaM hI mitratA aura zatrutA ke kAraNa hai, dUrapanA aura nikaTapanA kAraNa nahIM hai 218 | do balavAnoM ke madhya ghirA huA zatru do siMhoM ke madhya meM phaiMse hue hAthI ke samAna saralatA se jItA jA sakatA 1 219 vIranandi ke anusAra madAdi chaha antaraMga zatruoM para jo rAjA zAsana kara letA hai, vaha pRthvI kA zAsana karatA hai 220 | nAza ko prApta karAne vAle vyasanoM se yukta athavA bhAgyahIna zatru saralatA

Page #144
134 se jItA jA sakA buddhimAna sA adhImA sonamindAra kAhI kArya karatA hai athavA kAryArambha nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki jaldI kAma karanA pazuoM kA dharma hai manuSayoM kA nahIM / yadi pazu aura manuSya donoM aviveka pUrvaka kArya karane lage to do sIMgoM ko chor3akara donoM meM antara hI kyA raha jAyegA ? jaba taka zatru AkramaNa nahIM karate taba taka manuSya svarNa ke samAna bhArI rahatA hai / vahI jaba zatruoM se tolA jAtA hai taba tatkSNa tRNa ke samAna halakA hokara gira jAtA hai | jItane kI icchA rakhane vAle puruSa ko sadA nIti aura prarAkrama rUpI vRkSoM ko pakar3e rahanA cAhie / inako chor3akara phala siddhi kA dUsarA kAraNa nahIM hai / adhika mAgya sampati kI icchA rakhane vAle ko apane se choTe yA barAbara vAle ke sAtha virodha karanA cAhie, balavAna ke sAtha nahIM maiM balavAna hai yaha ahaMkAra bhI saba jagaha sukhadAyI nahIM hotaa| bAdala ko lAMghane kI kAmanA karane vAle siMha kA adhika uchalanA hI usakI mRtyu kA kAraNa hotA hai / nyAya aura parAkrama se yukta vyakti saba jagata ko jIta letA hai17 1 pRthvI kA bhoga nizcita rUpa se khaGga ke bala se kiyA jAtA hai, paramparA kI duhAI dekara nahIM / roga kI taraha udayakAla meM hI jisakI cikitsA kara dI jAtI hai vaha zatru apane vaza meM rahatA hai| jo zatruoM para (binA kAraNa) aparAdha lagAkara AkramaNa karake unheM mAranA cAhatA hai, vaha svayaM anya ke dvArA abhiyukta hokara vinaSTa ho AtA hai / vAyu se dhauMkI gaI agni jaise auroM ko jalAtI hai, usI prakAra svayaM bhI jalatI hai | saMkSepa meM zatruvijaya ke upAyoM ko nimnalikhita rUpoM meM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA haiM - 1. upAyajJa honA / 2. zatru ko upekSA na karanA / 3. bAhya aura antarmaNDala ko vaza meM karanA / 4. nIti aura parAkrama se yukta honaa| 5. zatru ke kuTumbiyoM ko apane pakSa meM milAnA / 6. koSa va sainyazakti ko bar3hAnA / 1. priyavAdI honaa| 8. zatru para vizvAsa na krnaa| 9. apanI zakti kA vicAra kara apane se balavAna ke sAtha virodha na karanA / 10. kSaya Antarika zatru (kAma krodhAdi) para vijaya prApta karanA / 11. soca-vicAra kara kArya krnaa| zatru vijaya ke viSaya meM vasaMgacarita meM vistRta rUpa se vicAra kiyA gayA haiM / zatru rAjA ko aba yaha vidita hotA thA ki usakA virodhI durbala hai athavA samarAGgaNa se bhAga gayA hai to vaha prAyaH azva, rathagaja senA, deza tathA dhana ko prApta karane kI icchA se usa para AkramaNa kara detA thA | aisA rAjA se yuddha bhI karanA par3atA thA / isake atirikta duSTa, aniSTatama sAmanta rAjA tathA aTavIzvaroM (vanAdhipatiyoM) ko vaza meM karanA par3atA thA jo nItimArga kA AcaraNa karate hai ve nItibala se zatruoM ko jIta lete haiN| isake viparIta nItimArga ke pratikUla AcaraNa karane vAle balavAn puruSa bhI apane sAdhAraNa zatruoM ke dvArA jIta lie jAte hai / pramAda nahIM karane vAlA sarvazakti sampanna ko jIta sakatA hai / jo kisI kArya meM laga jAne para eka kSaNa bhI vyartha 'nahIM jAne detA hai usakI apramAdI para bhI vijaya hotI hai / zoghrakArI ko nItimAn ke Age jhukanA par3atA hai aura jisake pakSa meM mAnya hotA hai, usake virUddha nItimAn bhI sira pITatA raha jAtA hai| yuddha prArambha hone se pUrva ghoSaNA karA dI jAtI thI ki rAjA apane dhandhuoM sahita zatru se yuddha karane

Page #145
135 ke lie kaTibaddha hai, ve apane anukUla avasara kI pratIkSA meM haiN| jina logoM ko rAjasammAna prApta karane kI icchA ho athavA jo apane rAjya kA gaurava bar3hAne ke lie sampatti kA moha chor3a sakate haiM tathA jinheM apane pauruSa kA abhimAna hai, ve zIghra mahArAja kI sevA meM upasthita ho | isa prakAra kI ghoSaNA rAjA kI AjJA se bar3e ThATha-bATa se sAre nagara meM kI jAtI thii| isake sAtha-sAtha vizAla bherI bhI bajAI jAtI thI tathA hAthI ke mastaka para ArUr3ha vyakti isa ghoSaNA ko saba jagaha ghoSita karate the | rAjanIti kA yaha mUla mantra hai ki apane se prabala zatru ke sAtha kisI bhI prakAra kA vaira na kare / samAna bala vAle ke sAtha bhI zatrutA karanA doSapUrNa hai| yadi apane se hIna zatru para dezakAla kA vicAra karake AkramaNa kiyA jAye to saphalatA prApta hotI hai | cANakya ne bhI kahA hai- balavAn rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha durbala rAjA se jhagar3A kara le| apane se bar3e yA barAbara vAle ke sAtha jhagar3A na kre| balavAn ke sAtha kiyA gayA vigraha vaisA hI hotA hai jaise gaja sainya se padAti sainya kA mukAbalA / kancA bartana kacce bartana ke sAtha TakarAkara TUTa jAtA hai, isalie barAbara vAle ke sAtha bhI lar3AI nahIM karanA cAhie / Upara hIna zatru para AkramaNa karate samaya dezakAla kA vicAra karane kI salAha dI gaI hai| kauTilya ne deza aura kAla kI vyAkhyA nimnalikhita kI haiM - deza deza pRthvI ko kahate haiN| himAlaya se lekara dakSiNa samudra paryanta pUrva pazcima dizAoM meM eka hajAra yojana phailA huA aura pUrva pazcima kI sImAoM ke bIca kA bhUbhAga cakravartI kSetra kahalAtA hai / usa cakravartI kSetra meM jaMgala, AbAdI, pahAr3I ilAkA, jala, sthala, samatala aura Ubar3a khAbar3a Adi vizeSa bhAga hote haiN| ina bhU-bhAgoM ko isa prakAra vyavasthita kiyA jAye jisase apanI balavRddhi meM nirantara vikAsa hotA rhe| jisa sthAna para apanI senA kI kavAyada ke lie suvidhA tathA zatrusenA kI kavAyada ke lie asuvidhA ho, vaha uttama deza, jo isake sarvathA viparIta ho vaha abhrama deza aura jo apane tathA zatru ke lie eka samAna suvidhA- asuvidhA vAlA ho vaha madhyama deza kahalAtA hai| - kAla- kAla ke tIna vibhAga haiM, sardI, garmI aura varSA kAla kA yaha pratyeka bhAga rAta, dina, pakSa, mAsa, Rtu, ayana, saMvatsara tathA yuga Adi vizeSatAoM meM vibhakta hai| samaya ke ina vizeSa bhAgoM meM apanI zakti ko bar3hAne yogya kArya karanA caahie| jo Rtu apanI senA ke vyAyAma ke lie anukUla ho vaha uttama Rtu jo isake viparIta ho vaha adhama Rtu aura jo sAmAnya ho, vaha madhyama Rtu kahalAtI haiM 240 | yAtrAkAla - vijigISu rAjA bhalI bhA~ti taiyAra hokara AvazyakatAnusAra senA ke tihAI yA thAI bhAga ko apanI rAjadhAnI, apane pArSNi aura apane sarahadI ilAkoM kI rakSA ke lie niyukta kara yatheSTa koSa tathA senA ko sAtha lekara zatru para vijaya karane ke lie agahana mAsa meM yuddha ke lie prasthAna kareM, kyoMki isa samaya zatru kA isa samaya purAnA anna saMcaya samApti para hotA hai, naI phasala ke anna ko saMgraha karane kA vahI samaya hotA hai aura varSA ke bAda kiloM kI marammata nahIM huI rahatI hai| yahI samaya hai, jabaki varSARtu se utpanna phasala aura Age hemantaRtu meM paidA hone vAlI phasala donoM ko naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra hemanta Rtu kI paidAvAra ko

Page #146
136 aura Age basanta Rtu kI paidAvAra ko naSTa karane ke lie upayukta yuddha prayANa kAla caitra mAsa meM hai / yAtrA kA yaha dUsarA samaya hai| isI prakAra basanta kI paidAvAra aura Age hone vAlI varSAkAla kI phasala ko naSTa karane kA upayukta samayajyeSTha mAsa meM hai, kyoMki isa samaya ghAsa, phUsa,lakar3o, jala Adi sabhI kSINa hue rahate haiM aura isIlie zatru apane durga kI marammata nahIM kara pAtA hai| yAtrAkAla kA yaha tIsarA avasara hai| ucita deza- jo deza atyanta garma ho, jahA~ yavasa (pazuoM ko khAdya sAmagrI), Idhana tathA jala kI kamI ho vahAM hemanta Rtu meM yuddha ke lie prasthAna karanA caahie| jisa deza meM lagAtAra varpha par3atI ho yA varSA hotI ho, jahA~ bar3e-bar3e tAlAba aura ghane jaMgala ho vahA~ grISma Rtu meM yuddha ke lie jAnA cAhie / jo apanI senA ke kavAyada karane ke lie upayukta aura zatru senA ke lie anupayukta ho aise deza para varSA Rtu meM AkramaNa karanA cAhie / jaba kisI dUsare deza ke AkramaNa meM adhika samaya laga jAne kI sambhAvanA ho taba agahana aura pauSa ina do mahInoM meM yAtrA karanI cAhie / madhyakAlIna yAtrA caitra, vaisAkha ke bIca karanA cAhie jihA~ alpakAlika yAtrA ho vahA~ jyeSTha mAsa meM prasthAna kiyA jAnA cAhie / jaba kabhI zatru para Apatti AyI huI dikhAI de taba samaya kI upekSA kiye binA car3hAI kara denA cAhie / phuTanoTa 1. nItivAkyAmRta kA 2. pAcarita 27/47, varAMgacarita 2/58-59. | 20. vahIM 17/18 dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 16/8 21. harivaMzapurANa 8/133 3. vahI 17/11-14 22. vahI 38/22 4. vaha dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 14/30 23. vahI 38/24 5. nIsivAkyAmRta 22/2 24. vahI 38/25 6. vahI 2213 25. harivaMzapurANa 38/26-29 7. vahI 22/4 26.AdipurANa 13/16 8. vahI 2216. 27. vahI 24/13 9. vahI 2217 28. vahI 29/6 10. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/37 29, vahI 31773 11. nItiSAkyAmata 2217 30, vahI 44/99 12. vahI 22/8 31. uttarapurANa 58/110,64/29 13, vahI 22/9 32.vahI 74/34 14. vahI 22/10 33. vahI 5158 15. nItiyAkyAmRta 22/11 a. vahIM 68/587 16. vahI 22/12 35. vahI 751639-642 17. varAMgacarita 17774 36. kAmandakIya nItisAra 1/57 18. vahI 2158 37. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 211

Page #147
137 38. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya TIkA 2017 39. kauTilIya arthazAstram 912 40, kauTilIya arthazAstram 9/2 41, dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya TIkA 2/11 42. nItivAkyamRta 22/13 43. vahI 22/14 44. vahI 22/5 45. padAvaMzapurANa 56/3,4,5 46. panavaMzapurANa 56/6-12 47. harivaMzapurANa 50/76 48. vahI 50/75 49. AdipurANya 8/142-143 50. vahI 28/56 51, vahI 39/2 52. vahI 3/3-5 53. vahIM 28/2 4. AdipurANa 26/91-92 55. vahI 29/19, 108 56. candraprabhacarita 13/35 57.vahI 13/37 58. vahI 13/12 59. SahI 139 60. vahI 13/14 61, vahI 13/19 62. yahI 13/20: 63. vahI 13/22 64. vahIM 4/47 65. vahI 15/22-25 66. vahI 13/24 67. vahI 13/31 68. vahI 13/28 69. vahI 13/29 70. vahI 13/28 71. candraprabhacarita 13/30 72. vahI 13/29 73. varSamAnacarita 7/81-82 74. vahI 7/80 75, AdipurANa 27/129 76, vahIM 27/130 77. vahI 27/133 78. vahI 27/134 79. vahI 27/135 4. vahIM 271137 81. yahI 27/142-148 82. vahI 27/150 83. vahI 27/151 84. candraprapacarita 14/46,44 85. candraprabhacarita 14146 86. vahI 14/47 87. vardhamAnacarita 6/67 3. vahIM 7/91 69. bahI 7/92 90, nahI 7/96-97 91. varAMgacarita 16/46 92. vahI 18/3 93. vahI 16/47 94. vahI 18/3 95. vardhamAnacarita 16/31 96. vahI 16/38 97. vasaMgacarita 18/75 98. vahI 17/18 99. vahI 17/19 100. vahI 17/20-21 101. vahI 17/19 102, varAMgacarita 17123 103, adipurANa 271119 104. vahI 8/120 105, vahI 8/121 106. vahI 8/122 100, vahI 8/123 108. vahI 20/245

Page #148
18...--- . - - . .. ..... . .. . . . - . - - - .. 109. vahIM 8/124-135 110. AdipurANa 36/204 111. vahI 44/138 112, vahI 44/111 113. vahIM 31/76 174. vahI 44/109 115. vahI 32142 116. vahI 31/20 117. yahI 31/74 118. bahI 36/14 119. baddI 15/125 120, nItivAkyAmRta 26/69 121. vahI 27133 122. vahI 27166 123. nItivAkyAmRta 29/30 124. yaho 30/4 125. vahI 30/5 126. vahI 30/6 127. vahI 30/7 728. vahIM 30/8 129. vahI 30/9 130. vahI 30/14 131. vahI 30/15 132. vahIM 30/18 133. vahI 30/19 134, vahI 30/20 135. vahI 30/21 136. nItivAkyAmRta 30/22-24 137. vahI 30/37 135. vahI 30/4 139. khahI 30/68 140. vahI 30/69 141. vahI 30/76 142, vahI 30/88 143. vahI 30/89 144. vahI 30/99 145. vahI 30/98 146. vahI 30/86 147. vahI 30787 148. harivaMzapurANa 50/102110 149. yahI 50/113-129 150. vahI 52/5 151, vahI 5216 152. vahIM 527 153. vahI 5218 154, vahI 52/10 155, vahI 52/12 156. vahI 52/13 157. vahI 52/16 158. harivaMzapurANa 52/18 159. vahI 52/20 160. vahI 52/22 161. nItivAkyAmRta 30/90 162, yahIM 30/91 163. vahI 30116 164. vahI 30/17 165. AdipurANa 32074 166. vahI 44/17 167. vahI 31/15 168. yahI 44/33 169. candrapramacarita 15/15-19 170. notivAkyAmRta 22118 177. vahI 30/92 172. nItivAkyAmRta 30/95 173. vahI 30/100 174. vahI 3094 175. vahI 22/17 176. vahI 32/24 177. candraprabhacarita 15/27-30 179. vahI 15/32-34

Page #149
139 179. vahI 12/2 180. vahI 5/52 181. vahI 4156 182. vahIM 4154 183. vahIM 4/55 184, candraprabhacarita 4157 185. vahIM 17157 186. vahI 4/58 187. vahI 16/23 188. kSatracuDAmaNi 10/12 189. vahI 10/23 190.AdipurANa 34/24-25 191. vahI 29/17 192. vahI 35/18 193. yahI 34/55 194, vaho 34:42 195. vahI 35/84 196. vahI 34/40 197. AdipurANa 34/46 198, vardhamAnacarita 6/61 199. yahI 4171 200. yahI 7/42 201. vahI 8/39 202. vahI 4/86 203, nItivAkyAmRta 10/153-154 204. vahI 30/53 205. notivAkyAmRta 30/54-60 206, vahI 10/127 207. yahI 10/29 208. vahI 10/141 209. vahI 30/52 210, vahI 2672 211, vahI 26/23 212, vahIM 26/24 213. vahI 27167 214. vahI 29137 215, vahI 29/32 216. vahI 29133 217. vahI 29/34 218. vahI 29135 219. vahI 29/64 220. candraprabhavarita 12/14 221. candrapramacarita 12/39 222. yahI 12/102-103 223. vahI 12/88 724. vahI 12172 225. vahI 12/47 226. vahI 12/35 227. vahI 5/23 228. yahI 12/31 229. vAhI 12165 230, vahI 12/38 231. vasaMgacarita 20/15 232. vahI 28/67 233. bahI 16/44 234, varAMgacarita 16/45 235. yahI 1676-77 236. varAMgacarita 16/18 237. varAMgatacarita 16/53 238, kauTilIya arthazAstram (cANakya praNIta sUtram) 55-58 239. kauTilIya arthazAstram 91 pR. 725 240. vahI 9/1 pR. 725-726 241. kauTilIya arthazAstram 91 pR. 727 242. vahI 11 pR.727-728 000

Page #150
nyAya evaM prazAsana vyavasthA nyAya kI AvazyakatA - duSToM kA nigraha karanA aura ziSToM kA pAlana karanA yaha rAjAoM kA dharma nItizAstroM meM batalAyA gayA hai| sneha, moha, Asikta tathA bhaya Adi kAraNoM se yadi rAjA hI noti mArga kA ullaMghana karatA hai to prajA bhI usakI pravRtti karatI hai / ataH rAjA ko cAhie ki usakA dAyAM hAtha bhI yadi duSTa ho to use kATa de / usake pRthvI ke rakSA karate samaya anyAya yaha zabda hI sunAI na de aura prajA binA kisI pratibandha ke apane-apane mArga meM pravRtti kre| durAcAra karane vAloM ko vaza meM karane ke lie daNDa ko chor3akara anya koI upAya nahIM hai kyoMki jisa prakAra Ter3hI lakar3I Aga lagAne se hI sIdhI hotI hai, usI prakAra durAcArI daNDa se hI sIdhe hote haiM / isa prakAra durAcAriyoM kA durAcAra rokane ke lie aura sadAcAriyoM kI rakSA ke lie nyAya kI AvazyakatA pdd'ii| nyAyAdhIza - grAma va nagara meM mukadamoM kA nirNaya karAne ke lie loga rAjA ke pAsa jAte dhe' / kyoMki aisA mAnA jAtA thA ki rAjA dvArA kiyA huA nirNaya nirdoSa hotA hai / isa prakAra nyAya sambandhI mAmaloM meM rAjA sarvopari hotA thA / jo rAjAjJA athavA maryAdA kA atikramaNa karatA thA, use mRtyudaNDa diyA jAtA thA / rAjA ke bAda nyAya ke kSetra meM dUsarA sthAna dharmAdhyakSa yA nyAyadhIza kA hotA thA / dharmAdhyakSa ko rAjasabhA meM rAjA ko prasanna karate hue vAdI prativAdo ke vivAda kA nirNaya isa DhaMga se karanA cAhie ki usake Upara ulAhanA na Ae aura ukta donoM meM se koI eka doSI ThaharAyA jAya / dhamAMdhyakSa apane svAmI kA pakSa lekara satya - asatya bolane vAle vAdo ke sAtha lar3AI jhagar3A na kareM / janatA ko cAhie ki paraspara vivAda hone para vaha nyAyAdhIza vagairaha se vivAda kI samApti karA leM, kyoMki apane-apane pakSa kA samarthana karane vAlI yuktiyoM ananta hotI hai| sabhya - sabhA ke sadasya ko sabhya kahate the / sabhya sUrya ke samAna padArtha ko jaisA kA taisA prakAzita karane vAlI pratibhA se yukta honA cAhie / jinhoMne rAjazAsana sambandhI vyavahAroM kA zAstra dvArA anubhava nahIM kiyA ho aura na sunA ho, jo rAjA se ISyA va vAda-vivAda karate hoM, ve rAjA ke zatru haiM, sabhya nahIM hai| jisa rAjA kI sabhA meM lobha va pakSapAta ke kAraNa jhUTha bolane vAle sabhApada hoMge ye nissandeha mAna va dhana kI kSati kreNge| jo sabhya chala, kapaTa, balAtkAra va vAkyAcurya dvArA bAdI kI svArthahAni karate haiM, ve adhama haiN| nyAyika uttaradAyitva - vahA~ para vAda-vivAda se koI lAbha nahIM hai, jahA~ sabhApati svayaM virodhI ho / sabhya aura sabhApati meM asAma jasya hone para vijaya nahIM ho sakatI hai| jisa prakAra se bakare milakara kutte ko jIta lete haiM, usI prakAra bahuta se sabhya milakara nyAyAdhIza ko prabhASita karate haiM / jahA~ para midhyA vivAda khar3A ho, vahA~ nirNaya karane ke lie (sabhyapuruSoM ko) vivAda nahIM karanA caahie|

Page #151
141 sabhAyeM - harivaMzapurANa meM kucha sabhAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| ina ullekhoM se usa samaya kI sabhAoM kI eka jhA~kI prApta hotI hai| pramukha sabhAoM kA paricaya nimnalikhita hai(1) vijayadeva kI sabhA jambUdvIpa kI pUrva dizA meM vijayadvAra ke rakSaka vijayadeva ke nagara meM bIca ke bhavana meM camara aura sapheda chatroM se yukta usakA siMhAsana hai| usa para vaha pUrvAbhimukha ho baiThA hai| usake uttara dizA meM chaha hajAra lAbhAnika deva baiThate hai tathA Age aura do dizAoM meM chaha paTTadeviyA~ Asana grahama karatI haiN| pUrva dakSiNa dizA meM ATha hajAra uttama pAriSada deva baiThate haiM, madhyapariSada ke daza hajAra deva dakSiNa dizA meM sthita hote haiN| vAhya pariSada ke bAraha hajAra deva pazcima dakSiNa dizA meM AsanArUr3ha hote haiM aura sAta senAoM ke mahattaradeva pazcima dizA meM Asana grahaNa karate haiN| cAroM dizAoM meM aThAraha hajAra aMgarakSaka rahate haiM aura cAroM dizAoM meM utane hI bhadrAsana hai" / trijayadeva kI isa sabhA kI kisI rAjA kI sabhA ke rUpa meM kalpanA kI jAya to sthiti isa prakAra hotI hai nagara ke bIca ke bhavana meM rAjA kA uttama siMhAsana hai, usa para vaha pUrva kI ora mukhakara baiThatA hai| usakI uttara dizA meM usake sabhAsada baiThate haiM aura Age do dizAoM meM paTTa rAniyA~ Asana grahaNa karatI haiN| pUrva dakSiNa dizA meM uttama pAriSada sabhA saha baiThate haiN| dakSiNa sabhA meM madhyama pariSada ke sadasya baiThate haiM, pazcima dakSiNa meM vAhya pariSad ke sadasya baiThate haiN| pazcima dizA meM sAta senAoM ke mahattara ( pradhAnapuruSa) baiThate haiN| ve cAroM dizAoM meM aThAraha hajAra aMgarakSaka baiThate haiN| uparyukta kalpanA se rAjAoM kI uttama pariSad, madhyama pariSad aura vAhya pariSadoM ke astitva kA anumAna hotA hai| ina pariSadoM ke sAtha senAmahattaroM ke baiThane kI sUcanA bhI prApta hotI hai tathA cAroM dizAoM meM rakSA ke lie aMgarakSakoM kI niyukti kI bhI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| - sudharmA sabhA aura usake samAna anya sabhAyeM - vijayadeva ke bhavana se uttaradizA meM eka sudharmA nAmaka sabhA hai, jo chaha yojana lambI, tIna yojana caur3I, 9 yojana UMcI aura eka koza gaharI hai| sudharmA sabhA se uttaradizA meM eka jinAlaya hai, usakI lambAI, caur3AI Adi kA vistAra sudharmA sabhA ke samAna hai| pazcimottara dizA meM upapArzva sabhA hai| usake Age abhiSeka sabhA, usake Age alaMkAra sabhA aura usake Age vyavasthAya sabhA hai| ye sabhI sabhAyeM sudharmA sabhA ke samAna hai" / uparyukta varNana se yaha anumAna hotA hai ki rAjA ke mukhya sabhA ke uttara meM jinAlaya kA nirmANa hotA thA tathA pazcimottara sabhA meM mukhya sabhA ke samAna hI upapArzvasabhA, aura alaMkAra sabhAyeM banAI jAtI thA / zakrasabhA 14 - indra sabhA | - - baladeva sabhA harivaMzapurANa ke 41 veM sargake ullekhAnusAra baladeva ke mahala ke Age eka sabhAmaNDala thA jo zakra sabhAmaNDala (indrasabhA maNDala) ke samAna dIptimAna thaa| isase jJAta hotA hai ki rAjAoM ke mahala ke Age sabhAmaNDapa kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA thA / rAjA ksu kI sabhA rAjA vasuM prAtaH kAla sabhA ke samaya siMhAsana para baiThatA thA " | jaba mahattvapUrNa viSaya para rAjA kA nirNaya honA hotA thA to praznakartAoM se ghire hue vAdI aura prativAdI sabhA (AsthAnI) meM Ate the| isa samaya nimantrita brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya, zUtra tathA AzramavAsI Ate the aura animantrita sAdhAraNa manuSya bhI sahajasvabhAva vaza prazna karane ke lie A baiThate the| -

Page #152
142 eka aise hI samaya kA jinasena ne bar3A hI manorama citra khIMcA hai| usa samaya rAsabhA meM kitane hI brAhmaNa manuSyoM ke kAnoM ko sukha dene vAle somaveda kA gAyana karate the aura kitane hI vedoM kA spaSTa evaM madhura uccAraNa karate the| kitane hI UMkAra dhvani ke sAtha yajurveda kA pATha karate the aura kitane hI pada tathA krama se yukta aneka maMtroM kI AvRtti karate the| kitane hI hrasva dIrgha aura plutabhedoM ko liye hue udAtta, anudAtta aura svarita svaroM ke svarUpa kA uccAraNa karate the 1 jo Rgaveda, sAmaveda, yajurveda kA prArambha kA jora-jora se pATha karate the tathA dizAoM ko bahirA banAte the aise brAhmaNoM se sabhA kA AMgana khacAkhaca bhara jAtA thA. vAdI prativAdI ziSyacArapUrvaka apane sahAyakoM ke sAtha yogya sthAnoM para baiTha jAte the / bar3e-bar3e kamaNDalu, jaTA aura balkaloM ko dhAraNa karane vAle tApasa vahA~ vidyamAna hote te| aise apUrva samaya para jo paNDita sabA meM baiThe hote, unameM se kitane hI sabhArUpI sAgara meM kSobha utpanna hone para use rokane ke lie setubandha ke samAna hote the, kitane hI pakSapAta na ho isake lie tulAdaNDa ke samAna hote the, kitane hI kumArga maiM calane vAle vAdI rUpI hAthiyoM ko vaza meM karane ke lie uttama aMkuza ke samAna hote the aura kitane hI zreSTha tattava kI khoja karane ke lie kasauTI ke patthara ke samAna hote the| ye saba vidvAna jaba yathAyogya AsanoM para baiTha jAte saba jJAna aura avasthA meM vRddha loga rAjA se vAdI aura prativAdI ke vivAda kI carcA kara nyAyamArga ke detA hone ke kAraNa rAjA se nyAya kI mAMga karate the| rAjA adhyakSatA meM saba vidvAnoM ke Age vAdI aura prativAdI jaya aura parAjaya ko prApta karate the| sabase pahale pUrvapakSa rakhA jAtA thA?" / pUrvapakSI jaba apanA pakSa rakhakara cupa ho jAtA to uttarapakSI usakA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie apane pakSa kI puSTi meM yuktiyA~ upasthita karatA thA / sabhA meM baiThe hue parIkSaka jaba sahI bAta samajha lete the to ve sira hilA hilAkara tathA apanIapanI aMguliyA~ caTakhAkara sahI pakSa rakhane vAle ko dhanyavAda dete the / pazcAt ziSTajana rAjA se nirNaya kI prArthanA karate the, taba rAjA nirNaya detA thA / sAmAnyataH rAjA ThIka nirNaya detA thA / yadi saba kucha samajhate hue bhI rAjA anucita nirNaya detA thA to saba loga usakI nindA karate te aura use daivI prakopa kA bhI sAmanA karanA par3atA thaa| rAjA vasu kA nArada parvata saMvAda meM anucita nirNaya dene ke kAraNa yahI hAla huaa| tatvavAdI, gambhIra evaM vAdiyoM kI parAsta karane vAle ko loga brahmaratha para savAra karate the aura usakA sammAna kara yathAsthAna cale jAte the / rAjasabhA AdipurANa ke paMcama parva se rAjasabhA kI eka jhalaka prApta hotI hai, tadanusAra rAjasabhA meM rAjA siMhAsana para baiThatA thaa| aneka vArAMganAyeM usa para ca~vara Dhorato thA / maMtrI. senApati, purohita seTha tathA anya adhikArI rAjA ko gherakara baiThate the| rAjA kisI ke sAtha haMsakara, kisI ke sAtha sambhASaNa kara, kisI ko sammAna dekara, kisI ko sthAna dekara, kisI ko dAna dekara, kisI kA sammAna kara aura kisI ko Adarasahita dekhakara santuSTa karatA thA / gandharvAdi (saMgItAdi) kalAoM kA jAnakAra rAjA vidvAn puruSoM ko goSThI kA bAra - bAra anubhava karatA jAtA zrI tathA zrotAoM ke samakSa kalAvida puruSa paraspara meM jo spardhA karate the, use bhI dekhate jAte the| isI bIca rAjA sAmantoM dvArA bheje hue dUtoM ko dvArapAloM ke hAtha bulAkara bAra-bAra satkAra karatA thA tathA anya deza ke rAjAoM ke pratiSThita puruSoM (mahattaroM) dvArA lAI gaI bheMTa ko dekhakara unakA bhI sammAna karatA thA / isa prakAra rAjasabhA meM rAjA mantrivarga ke sAthsa svecchAnusAra baiThatA thA* | -

Page #153
143 mantriyoM meM se jo samyagdRSTi, vratI, guNa aura zIla se zobhita,mana, vacana, kAya kA sarala, gurubhakta, zAstroM kA vettA, atyanta buddhimAna, utkRSTa zrAvakoM (gRhasthoM) ke yogya guNoM se zobhAyamAna aura pahAtmA hotA thA, rAjA usakI prazaMsA kara usake vacana ko svIkAra karatA thaa| . vAda-vivAda meM pramANa - yathArtha anubhava ( bhukti) sacce gavAhI (mAkSI) aura sancAlekha (zAsana) ina pramANoM se vAda vivAda kI satyatA kA nirNaya hotA hai| jahAM para sadoSa anubhava, jhUThe gavAhI aura jhuThe lekha vartamAna hote haiM, vahA~ vivAda kA anta nahIM AtA hai| pUrvokta anubhava va sAkSI Adi jaba (sabhyoM dvArA balAtkAra va anyAyapUrvaka evaM rAjakIya zakti kI sAmarthya se upayoga meM lAe jAte haiM, taba ve pramANa nahIM mAne jAte haiN| yadyapi vezyA aura juArI jhUThe hote haiM. parantu nyAyAlaya meM unake dvArA kahI huI bAta bhI ukta anubhava, sAkSI Adi dvArA nirNaya kie jAne para pramANa mAnI jAtI hai | gharohara (nIvI) ke naSTa hone para jo vivAda ho use yA to dharohara rakhane vAle puruSa kI pramANatA athavA divyakriyAoM ke dvArA nirNaya karanA caahie| jaba mukadame meM jisa kisI prakAra kA vyakti hotA hai taba zapatha karAkara satya kA nirNaya karanA vyartha hai / isI prakAra upayasammata ganIya liga cApa kama kara dukAna apaharaNa yA naSTa karane vAle aparAdhI kA nirNaya karane ke lie sAkSI ke abhAva meM nyAyAdhIza ko divya kriyA (zapathya Adi) upAya kAma meM lAnA cAhie / jo vyakti zapatha Adi kUTanIti se nidoSa hone para punaH corI Adi kA aparAdhI siddha ho isakA saba dhana haraNa kara prANadAna denA cAhie / sanyAsI ke veSa meM rahane vAle, nAstika, apane AcAra se patita vyaktiyoM se zapatha na khilAkara yuktiyoM ke dvArA unake aparAdha vagairaha kI parIkSA kara daNDa denA cAhie yA chor3a denA caahie| yadi vAdI ke patra va sAkSI saMdigdha hoM to acchI prakAra soca samajhakara nirNaya denA cAhie yAdaviSAda ke nirNayArtha brahmAmaNoM ko sonAva yajJapavIta chUne kI, kSatriyoM ko zastra, ratna, pRthivI, hAthI. ghor3e Adi vAhana aura palANa kI, vaizyoM ko karNa, baccA, kaur3I, rupayA - paisA.sa sone ke sparza kI,zUdroM ko dUdha, bIja vasAMpa kI vAmI chUne kI tathA (dhAbo camAra Adi) kAsa zUdroM ko isake jIvikopayogI upakaraNoM kI zapatha karAnI cAhie / isI prakAra vratI va anya puruSoM ko zuddhi unake iSTadevatA ke caraNasparza se va pradiSaNA karane se tathA dhana, cAvala va tarAju ko lAMghane se hotI hai| vyAdhoM se dhanuSa lodhane kI aura (cANDAla, camAra Adi) antyavarNa se gole camar3e para car3hane kI zapatha khilAnI cAhie / parAjita ke lakSaNa - jo vAda-vivAda karake sabhA meM na Ae, bulAe jAne para jo sabhA meM upasthita na ho, pahale kahI huI bAta ko bAda meM kahI huI bAta se bAdhita karatA ho, pUrva meM kahe hue apane vacanoM para prazna pUche jAne para yathocita uttara na de sakatA ho, apanI galatI para dhyAna na dekara prativAdI ko hI doSI batAtA ho tathA yathArtha kahane para sapA se dveSa karatA hai use samajhanA cAhie ki vaha (vAdI yA sAkSI) vAda vivAda meM hAra gayA hai / daNDa kI AvazyakatA - aparAdhI ko usake aparAdha ke anukUla daNDa denA bAInIta hai / rAjA ke dvArA prajA kI rakSA karane ke lie aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa diyA jAtA hai, dhana prApti ke lie nahIM / yadi aparAdhiyoM para daNDa prayoga sarvathA roka diyA jAya to prajA meM matsyanyAya (bar3I machalI dvArA choTI machalI kA khAyA AnA utpatra ho jAyegA jisa prakArakaThinAI se car3hane

Page #154
yogya vRkSa paradaNDakA prahAra kiyA jAya to phaladAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra nauca prakRti kA manuSya bhI daNDita kie jAne para vaza meM AtA hai| adhika doSa vAle vyaktiyoM kA vinAza rAjA ko kSaNapara ke lie duHkhadAI hotA hai, parantu yaha usakA upakAra hI samajhanA cAhie / (kyoMki isase rAjya kI zrIvRddhi hotI hai| daNDanIti kA uddezya - prajA ke yoga (navIna vastu kI prApti) aura kSema (prApta vastu kI rakSA) kI vyavasthA ke lie daNDanIti kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai aura yahI usakA uddezya hai / daNDanIti kA prArambhika itihAsa - sarvaprathama isa pRthvI ke viziSTa puruSa (kulakara) hue| unameM se prathama pA~ca kulakaroM ne aparAdhI puruSoM ke lie hA, unake Age ke pAMca kulakaroM ne hA aura mA tathA zeSa kulakaroM ne hA, mA aura dhika ina tIna prakAra ke daNDoM kI vyavasthA ko / yadi koI svajana yA parajana kAladoSa se maryAdA kA laGghana karane kI icchA karatA thA to usake sAtha doSoM ke anurUpa ukta tIna nItiyoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| tIna nautiyoM se niyantrAma ko prApta samasta manuSya isa bhaya se trasta rahate the ki hamArA koI doSa dRSTi meM na A jAya aura isI bhaya se ve dUra rahate the / isa prakAra kI nIti apanAne ke kAraNa ye rAjA prajA ke tulya mAne jAte dhai| bAda meM prajA kI manovRtti badalane ke kAraNa aparAdhoM meM bar3hottarI hotIgaI,phalataH daNDavidhAna bhI kaThora banA / bharata cakravartI ke samaya loga adhika doSa yA aparAdha karane lage ata: unhoMne vadha, bandhana Adi zArIrika daNDa dene kI rIti calAI / unakA vicAra thA ki bar3A putra bhI yadi sadoSa (aparAdhI) ho to rAjA ko use bhI daNDa denA caahie| daNDa aura usake bheda - daNDa kA yaha niyama hai ki na to adhika kaThora ho aura na atyanta namra |ktthor daNDa dene vAlA rAjA apanI prajA ko aura adhika udvigna kara detA hai / prajA aise rAjA ko chor3a detI hai aura prakRtijana bhI aise rAjA se virakta ho jAte haiN| aise aparAdha jinameM prajA ke naitika patana kI adhika sambhAvanA, ho, hone para adhika kaThora daNDa diyA jAtA thA / gharohara ko chipAne para jIbha ukhAr3I jAtI thI bahumUlya vastuoM ko curAne parazulI para car3hAne kA daNDa diyA jAtA thA / nikaTa sambandhI kI putrI se vyabhicAra karane vAle vyakti ke aMga kATa die jAte thaMga / yadi koI rAnI kisI naukara ke sAtha phaMsa jAtI thI to use mArakara jalA diyA jAtA thaa| lobhavaza kisI ko mAra DAlane kI sajA deza nikAlA thI / rAjA kI ghoSaNA ke bAda bhI yadi koI mer3hA Adi pazu mArakara khA letA thA to usake hAtha kATakara use viSTA khilAI jAtI thii| jue meM jIte gaye dhana ko yadi koI vyakti dene meM asamartha rahatA thA to jItane vAlA use durgandhita dhuyeM ke bIca baiThAnA Adi daNDa de sakatA thA | parastrI sevana karane vAle vyakti ko mAra diyA jAtA thA dUsare kI vastu le jAkara na lauTAne kI bhI yahI sajA thI corI kA dhana lene kI tIna sajAya thIM - (1) miTTo kI tIna thAlI bharakara viSTA athavA gobara khilAnA / (2) malloM ke mukko se pittvaanaa| (3) saba dhana chIna lenaa|

Page #155
eka rAjA dUsare rAjA ko daNDasvarUpa banyanagAra (kArAgRha) meM bandI rakhatA thA, jisase chuTakAre kA usake svajana prayatna karate the| yadi koI vyakti kisI pazu ke aMga kA chedana karatA thA to rAjA usa vyakti ko mArane kI AjJA dene meM saMkoca nahIM karatA thA / parastrI kA apaharaNa karane vAle kI sajA pA~va kATakara bhaMyakara zArIrika daNDa dene kI thii| rAjA apane putra ko bhI aparAdhAnurUpa daNDa de, kyoMki rAjA kisI kA mitra nahIM hotA hai, rAjA kA kartavya hai ki prajA ke guNa va doSoM kI tarAjU kI daNDI ke samAna niSpakSa bhAva se jAMca karane ke uparAnta hI unheM guru athavA laghu samajhe / samasta prayojanoM ko eka najara meM dene vAlA rAjA aparAdhiyoM ko aparAdhAnukala daNDa dekara unake phala kA anubhava karAtA hai / jo rAjA zaktizAlI hokara aparAdhiyoM ko aparAdhAnukUla daNDa na dekara kSamA dhAraNa karatA hai, usakA tiskAra hotA hai / aparAdhiyoM kA nigraha karane vAle rAjA se sabhI loga nAza kI AzaMkA karate hue sUrya ke samAna Darate haiM / rAjA ko apanI buddhi aura pauruSa ke garva ke kAraNa ekamata rakhane vAle uttamasamUha ko daNDa nahIM denA cAhie / eka hI mata rakhane vAle sau yA hajAra AdamI daNDa ke ayogya hote haiM / jo zatru, daNDasAdhya hai usake lie anya upAyoM kA prayoga karanA agni meM Ahuti dene ke samAna hai| jisa prakAra yantra, zastra, agni, va kSArAMcakitsA dvArA naSTa hone yogya vyAdhi anya auSadhi dvArA naSTa nahIM kI jA sakatI. mI mAra daNDa dvArA mAla meM karA noTa zatru bhI anya upAya dvArA vaza meM nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, jisa prakAra sAMpa kI dAr3heM nikAla dene para yaha rassI ke samAna zaktihIna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra jisakA dhana va sainya naSTa kara diyA gayA hai. aisA zatru bhI zaktihIna ho jAtA hai | prazAsana kI sthiti - sAtavI se dazavIM zatAbdI ke jaina sAhitya meM pramukha rUpa se rAjatantrAtmaka zAsana ke darzana hote haiN| isa zAsana praNAlI meM yadyapi rAjA sarvopari thA, kintu jantA kI sarvatomukhI pragati ke lie vaha sadaiva sacoSTa rahatA thaa| usake rAjya meM anyAya nahIM hotA thaa| rAjA kI yaha bhAvanA rahatI thI ki usake rAjya meM godhanAdi sampatti kI vRddhi tathA subhikSa ho. janatA kI mAnasika tathA zArIrika sthiti aisI ho ki ve sadA hI utsava, bhoga Adi panA sakeM. guNojanoM kI kIrti cirakAla taka pRthvI para vidyamAna rahe tathA samasta doSoM kA nAza ho / rAjA svayaM zatruoM ko jItane meM samartha, jinadharma kA anuyAyI tathA nyAyamArga ke anusAra prajA kA pAlana karane vAlA ho" / isa prakAra kI bhAvanA se yukta rAjA ke rAjya kI zobhA dekhate hI banatI thI / choTI-choTI gvAloM kI bastiyoM grAmoM ko samAnatA dhAraNa karatI thIM aura grAma nagara ke tulya ho jAte the aura nagara kA to kahanA hI kyA, ve apanI sampannatA ke kAraNa indra kI alakApurI kA bhI upahAsa karate the| aise nagara saba prakAra ke upadravoM se rahita hote the, kiso anucita bhaya ko vahA~ sthAna na hotA thA / doSoM meM phaMsane ko vahA~ AzaMkA nahIM hotI thI / vahA~ para sadA hI dAna mahotsava, mAna satkAra tathA vividha utsava calate rahate the / bhogoM ko pracura sAmagrI vahA~ vidyamAna rahatI thI, sampati kI koI sImA nahIM hotI thI / isa prakAra vahA~ ke nivAsI apane ko kRtArtha mAnate the| rAjya zAsana karane vAle vyakti ko bar3e uttaradAyitva kA pAlana karanA par3atA thaa| ata: kabhI-kabhI virakti kA bhI kAraNa ho jAtA thA / eka sthAna para kahA gayA hai ki rAjya aneka

Page #156
146 duHkhoM kA kAraNa hai, isase citta sadA Akula rahatA hai, yaha zoka kA mUla hai, vairoM kA nivAsa hai| tathA hajAroM klezoM kA mUla hai / anta meM isakA phala tumar3I ke sapAna tikta hotA hai / bar3e-bar3e rAjyoM kI dhurA ko dhAraNa karane vAloM kI bhI durgati hotI hai / gadyacintAmaNi se jJAta hotA hai ki durbala rAjA ke hone para cora luTeroM vagairaha kA bhaya ho jAtA thA / vyAdhAdi jaMgalI jAtiyAM samopavatoM grAmoM vagairaha se godhanAdi sampatti lekara bhAga jAtI thI, athavA senA dvArA mukAbalA karatI thIM, parAkramI rAjA hI inako dabAne meM samartha hotA thA aura du:ntrI prajA aise hI rAjA kA smaraNa karatI thii| prazAsana kI suSyavasthA hetu rAjakIya kartavya - rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha apane vaMza ke mantra logoM ke sAtha rAjya kA vibhAga kara upabhoga kare / aisA karane para parivAra vAle usake zatru (sahaja zatru) nahIM raheMge aura vaha akhaNDa rUpa se cirakAla taka apanI g2ajalakSmI kA upabhoga karegA / sajjanoM kI dRSTi meM lakSmI sarvasAdhAraNa ke yogya hai| rAjA ke rAjya meM koI mUlahara (bhUla pU~jI ko khAne vAlA), kadarya (kRpaNa) aura tArAtvika (bhaviSyat kA vicAra na rakha vartamAna meM hI mauja ur3Ane vAlA) na ho, kintu sabhI padavyaya karane vAle ho | jisake puNya ke udaya se vastuyeM pratidina bar3hatI raheM usakA tAdAtyaka (vartamAna kI aura dRSviTa rakhakara jo kucha kamAtA hai. use kharca karanA) rahanA ho ucita hai / rAjA ko cAhie ki usake pArzvavatI (samIvapatoM) loga ghUsakhora na hoM / yadi pAyavatI rizvavata khora ho to dumare yAka veSa badalakara ghumapaiTa kara sakate haiN| rAjA zreNikare neka ke samIpIgoM ko jAneM gaza meM kara zrAdraka nAmaka vyApArI banakara ceTaka ke ghara meM praveza kara liyA thaa| ___ grAmya saMgaThana - grAma meM brAhmamaNa, kSatriya , vaizya aura zUTa madhI samAna anupAta meM rahanA cAhie / vizeSakara brAhmamaNoM athavA kSatriyoM kI adhikatA honA grAma ke lie acchA nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / jina grAmoM meM kSatriya adhika hote haiM, vahA~ ve thor3I sI bAdhA hone para Apasa meM lar3AI jhagar3A karate haiM / brAhmANa cUMki adhika lobhI hote haiM, ata: rAjA ke kara vagairaha ko prANa jAne para bhI binA daNDa ke zAnti se nahIM dete haiN| grAmINa evaM nAgarika zAsana paddhati - AdipurANa meM grAmINa zAsana paddhati ke darzana hote haiN| grAmINa paddhati kA artha yaha hai ki pratyeka bar3A gA~tra rASTra kA aMga samajhA jAtA thA aura usI kI suvyavathA ke samasta rAjya yA rASTra kI suvyavasthA samajhI jAto thI / grAma sambanyo zAsana ke nie rAjA nimna kArya karatA thA - (1) gA~va basAnA / (2) upabhoktAoM ke yogya niyama banAtA / (3)begAra lenaa| (4) aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa denaa| (5) janatA se rAjastra yA anya kara vasUla karanA / gAMva kI Adarza banAne ke lie rAjya kI ora se sabhI prakAra kI suvyavasthAyeM pracalita thIM / pratyeka gA~va kA eka mukhiyA rahatA thA, jo gA~va ko tAtkAlika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karatA thA aura utpanna huI kaThina samasyAoM ko daNDa dharmAdhikArI athavA anya padAdhikAriyoM se nivedana karatA thA / daNDAdhikArI ke atirikta zAsana vyavasthA meM svayaM rAjA sammilita hotA

Page #157
147 thA aura gUr3ha samasyAoM evaM bhaMyakara aparAdhoM kI svayaM chAnabIna karatA thaa| prazAsana ko ikAI gAMva ke rahane para bhI nAgarika prazAsana kamajora nahIM thA / rAjA vyavasthA ko sudRr3ha banAne ke lie dUta evaM guptacara niyukta karatA thA | nagara ke rakSaka ko purasakSaka" kahA jAtA thA / nagara ke zAsana ke lie paura nAmaka sugaThita saMsthAyeM thoM, jinakA ullekha caturtha adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| pulisa vyavasthA - AdipurANa meM pulisa ke variSTha adhikArI ke lie talavara zabda kA prayoga huA hai|cor,ddkait evaM isI prakAra ke anya aparAdhiyoM ko pakar3ane ke lie sArazrI niyukta rahate the / talavara kA pavAryavAcI ArakSiNa' zabda AyA hai / katipaya rAjakarmacArI utkoca (ghUma) bhI grahaNa karate the / ve utkoca (ghusa) lekara aparAdhI ko chor3a dete the| rAjA unakA patA calane para yatheSTa daNDa detA thA | AdipurANa ke eka upAkhyAna meM batalAyA gayA hai ki phalgumatI ne rAjA ke zayanAdhyakSa ko dhana dekara apane vaza meM kara liyA aura kahA~ ki tuma rAta ke samaya devatA kI taraha tirohita hokara kahanA ki he rAjan / kubera mitra pitA ke samAna pUjya hai, ata: unheM apane pAsa nahIM rakhanA cAhie, AvazyakatA par3ane para hI bulAnA cAhie / paharedAra ne phalgumatI ke kathana kA anusaraNa kiyA, jisase rAjA ne kuberamitra ko apane yahA~ se haTA diyA / para Age calakara ghUsakhorI kI bAta prakaTa ho gaI, jisase zayanAdhyakSa ko daNDa bhoganA par3A / prAntIyazAsana paddhati - prAnta ko maNDala kahA jAtA thA / maNDala kA zAsana mahAmANDalika adhatrA ___ mANDalika karate the / inake viSaya meM tRtIya adhyAya meM kahA jA cukA hai| phuTanoTa) 1. uttarapurANa 67/109-111 18. harivaMzapurANa 17185-97 2. vahI 50/4 19. vahI 17/88-97 3. nItivAkyAmRta 28/25 20. vahI 17/96 4. vahIM 28:22 21. vahIM 17/98 172 5. vahI 25/23-28 22. yahI 17/113-145 6. hI 28/21 23. vahIM 17/146-147 7. vahIM 28/3 24. yahI 5/148-150 8. notiyAkyAmRta 2815 25, vahI 5:151-155 1.aho 28:18 26. vahI 5/156 10. kahI 286 27, AdipurANa 5/2-3 11. vahIM 28/13 28. vahI 57-12 12. harivaMzapurANa 5/471-415 29. vahIM 5/158-160 13.harivaMzapurANa 5/417-419 30. nItivAzyAmRta 2819 14. vahIM 41/30 31. vahIM 28/10 15. vahI 41/30 32. vahI 28/11 16. vahIM 17/82 33. vAhI 28/12 17. vahI 17/83-84 4, vahIM 28/14

Page #158
35. nItivAkyAmRta 28/15 36. vahI 28/16 37. vahI 28/17 38. vahI 28/18-19 39. vahI 28/20 40. vahI 28/31-35 41. vahI 28 / 36-38 42. vahI 28/7 43. vahI 9/2 44. vahI 9/3 45, vahI 9/7 46. nItivAkyAmRta 10/132 148 47. vahI 10/163 48. yahI 16/250 49. AdipurANa 3/214-215 harivaMzapurANa 7/ 140-141 50. harivaMzapurANa 7/142-143 21. vahI 717 52. AdipurANa 3/216 53. . vahI 45 / 63 54. AdipurANa 42/142 55. vahI 46 / 274-275 56. vahI 46/275-276 57. vahI 46 / 276-274 58. vahI 47/109 59. vahI 46 / 277-278 60. vahI 46 / 280-281 vahI 46/278-279 61. 62. vahI 46/321 63. vahI 46/31 64. hari 27/41, 46/292-293 65. vahI 25/71 66. vahI 28/26-27 67. vahI 43/180-182 68. nItivAkyAmRta 26/64 69. vaho 28/1 20. vahI 28/2 71. nItivAkyAmRta 29/89 72. vahIM 29/90 73. vahI 29/96 74. vahI 30/39 75. vahI 30/41 76. varAMgacarita 28/16 77. varAMganarita 23/98-99 78. varAMgacarita 21/47 79. ho 21/45 80. vagacarita 29/23-24 81. gadyacarita dvitIya lambha 82. uttarapurANa 62/450 83. vaho 55 / 9 RA vahI 54/116 85.67 62/379 86. uttarapurANa 75/28-29 87. notivAkyAmRta 19/11 88. vahI 19/12 AdipurANa 16/168 89. 90. yahI 29/123 91. DaoN. nemIcanda zAstrI AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata pR. 360 92. AdipurANa 46/277 93. AdipurANa 46/291 94. vahI 46/296 95. yaho 46 / 52-56 : 96. DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata pR. 362 goo

Page #159
! dazama adhyAya antarrASTrIya sambandha dUta aura usakA mahattva eka rAjA dUsare rAjA ke pAsa sandeza bhejane kA lie sAma, dAma Adi nIti ke sAtha dUta bhejatA thA | pratyuttara svarUpa bhI rAjA dUsare rAjA ke pAsa dUta bhejA karate the| jaise bharata ke prati apanI anukUlatA prakaTa karane ke lie bAhubalI ne 'maiM Apake AdhIna nahIM hU~.' yaha kahakara dUta bheja die the| dUta ke lie 'vacohara'' athavA 'vacanahara" zabda kA prayoga hotA thA / kanyA ke pitA apanI kanyA ke vivAha sambandha ke lie bhI dUsare rAjA ke pAsa druta bhejate the| dUta sAvadhAnI se pariSada athavA rAjasabhA meM praviSTa ho namaskAra kara baiThatA thA, anantara avasara jAnakara apanI bAta rAjA ke samakSa rakhatA thA / gadyacintAmaNi ke dvitIya lambha meM bANa kI dUta ke rUpa meM sambhAvanA kara use kAna meM bAta kahane vAlA tathA hRdaya ke bhedane meM catura vyaMjita kiyA gayA hai'| dUta kA pada bahuta mahattvapUrNa aura kaThina mitrAoM dAna aura sammAna' kI prApti hotI thI aura virodhI rAjAoM ke yahA~ tiraskAra milatA thaa| dUsare sthAna para to kabhI-kabhI unheM kahanA par3atA thA ki hama loga to kevala svAmI kA samAcAra le jAne vAle dUta (cohara) haiM, sadA svAmI ke abhiprAva ke anusAra calate haiM tathA guNa aura doSoM kA vicAra karane meM asamartha haiM / dUta prArambha meM sAma dAma Adi ke vacana hI kahatA thA, kintu virodhI rAjA ko azAnta jAnakara lauTa AtA thA aura saba samAcAra apane svAmoM se nivedana karatA thA" | dUsare rAjA ko anukUla karane ke lie citta kA haraNa karane vAlA" tathA dUsare ke sAtha vigraha karane ke lie kalahapriya tathA durvacana bolane vAlA dUta bhejA jAtA thaa| dUta rAjAoM ke hote the / mukha - dUta kA lakSaNa jo adhikArI dUradezavartI rAjakoya kArya kA sAdhaka hone ke kAraNa mantrI ke samAna hotA hai, use dUta kahate haiM / " / - dUta ke guNa dUta ko zAstrajJAna meM nipuNa, rAjakarttavya meM kuzala, lokavyavahAra kara jJAtA, guNoM meM sneha rakhane vAlA", saMketa ke anusAra abhiprAya ko jAnane vAlA" tathA svAmI ke kArya meM anurakta buddhi vAlA honA caahie"| apane pakSa kI sampatti aura dUsare pakSa kI vipatti kA vicAra karanA, apane mantra ko chipAkara rakhanA, dUsare mantriyoM ke dvArA nahIM phor3A jAnA, mantrabheTa ke bhaya se ekAntasthAna meM guptarIti se zayana karanA, yuddha karane tathA yuddha sthala se nikalane ke sthAnoM ko dekhanA ", vizeSa sthiti meM yuddha na hone kA udyoga karanA" tathA kArya ko jAnanA dUta ke vizeSa guNa haiN| nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra dUta ke nimnalikhita " guNa haiM 1. svAmibhakti / 2. avyasanI honA / 4. pavitratA / - 3. dakSatA / 5. vidvattA / 6. udAratA / 7. sahiSNutA 8. zatru ke rahasya kA jJAtA honA / dUtoM kI yogyatAyeM - dUta ko niSkapaTa, ziSTa, kIrti aura pratApa kA icchuka, utkRSTa nIti

Page #160
150 kA jJAtA tathA priya veSadhArI honA caahie| dUta ko aise vacanoM kA prayoga karanA cAhie, jinase jo bAta kahanA ho yaha bhI na chUTe aura vaha aziSTa rIti se na kahIM jAya / dUta vividha bhASAoM, lipiyoM aura veSoM ke jJAtA guptacaroM dvArA prajA kI udAsInatA vagairaha ko bhAMpakara apane kartavya kA nizcaya kareM | vaha saba kAryoM ko karane meM samartha, bhaviSyata ko jAnane vAlA tathA prasiddha parAkramI ho / lobhI dUta kA antaraMga svabhAva (cetanA) khaMDita ho jAtA hai, vaha kisI prakAra se ho jItA hai| lobhavaza dUtoM ke zatru ke vaza meM ho jAne para tathA apanI prakRti ke virUddha ho jAne para rAjA kA rAjya bhI usake zarIra meM somita ho jAtA hai| dUtoM ke bheda dUta tIna prakAra ke hote haiM (3) zAsanahAra - (1) nisRSTArtha (2) parimitArtha nisRSTArtha svAmI ke kAna ke pAsa rahane vAle, rahasya rakSA karane vAlA, suniyojita, patra lekara jaldI jAne vAlA mArga meM sIdhe jAne vAlA, zatruoM ke hRdaya meM praveza kara kaThina se kaThina kArya ko siddha karane vAlA * tathA vivekI buddhi vAlA dUta nimRSTArtha kahalAtA hai| AcArya somadeva ke anusAra jisake dvArA nizcita kie hue sandhi vigraha ko usakA svAmI pramANa mAnatA hai, vaha nisRSTArtha hai / jaise pANDavoM ke kRSNa / parimitArtha yA mitArtha- parimita samAcAra sunAne vAle" athavA rAjA dvArA bheje hue sandeza aura lekha ko jaisA kA taisA zatru ko kahane vAlA dUta parimitArtha yA mitArtha kahalAtA hai / zAsanahArI upahAra ke bhItara rakhe hue patra ko le jAne vAle dUta ko zAsanahArI kahA jAtA - haiM" / dUtoM kA kArya dUta kA kArya bar3A sAhasapUrNa thaa| svAmI ke abhiprAya ke anusAra use zatru pakSa se nivedana karanA par3atA thaa| itanA hote hue bhI dUta avadhya thA" / rAvaNa ke zrRSTa abhiprAya ko vyakta karane vAle dUta para jyoM hI bhAmaNDala ne talavAra uThAI, tyoM hI nItivAn lakSmaNa ne use roka liyaa| yahA~ para lakSmaNa kahate haiM ki pratidhvaniyoM para lakar3I ke bane puruSAkAra putaloM para, suA Adi tiyecoM para aura yantra se calane vAlI puruSAkAra putaliyoM para satpuruSoM ko kyA krodha karanA hai ? aise hI eka sthala para dUta ke prati kahA gayA hai jisane apanA zarIra beca diyA hai aura tote ke samAna kahI bAta ko hI duharAtA hai aise dUta pApI, donahIna bhRtya kA aparAdha kyA hai ? dUta jo bolate haiM, pizAca kI taraha apane hRdaya meM vidyamAna apane svAmI se hI preraNA pAkara bolate haiN| dUta yantramayI puruSa ke samAna parAdhIna hai / dUta zatru dvArA ajJAta hokara usakI AjJA ke binA na to zatrusthAna meM praviSTa ho aura na vahA~ se nikale 37 / jaba dUta ko yaha nizcaya ho jAya ki yaha zatru mere svAmI se sandhi nahIM karegA, kintu buddha karane kA icchuka haiM aura isI kAraNa mujhe yahA~ roka rahA hai, taba use zatru kI AjJA ke binA hI vahA~ se prasthAna kara denA cAhie yA svAmI ke pAsa guptadUta bheja denA cAhie" / yadi zatru dUta ko dekhakara ho vApisa lauTA diyA ho to dUta usakA kAraNa soceM / dUta zatru ke yahA~ Thaharakara nimnalikhita " kArya kare /

Page #161
151 1. naitika upAya dvArA zatrukArya-sainika maMgalana Adi ko naSTa karanA / 2. rAjanaitika upAya dvArA zatru kA anartha karanA - zatru virodhI kruddha, lubdha, bhayabhIta aura abhimAnI puruSoM ko sAmadAnAdi dvArA vaza meM krnaa| 3. zatru ke putra, kuTumbI va jela meM banda manuSyoM meM dravyadAnAdi dvArA bheda utpanna karanA / 4. zatru dvArA apane deza meM bheje hue guptacaroM kA jJAna / 5. sImAdhipa, ATavika, koza, deza, sainya aura mivoM kI priikssaa| 6. zatru rAjA ke yahA~ vartamAna kanyAratna tathA hAthI, ghor3e Adi vAhanoM ko nikAlane kA prayatna / 7. zatru prakRti (maMtrI, senAdhyakSa Adi) meM guptacaroM ke prayoga dvArA bhIbha utpanna karanA / dUta zatru ke mantrI, purohita tathA senApati ke samIpavatIM puruSoM kA dhanadAna dvArA apane meM vizvAsa utpanna karAkara zatru hRdaya kI gupta bAta kA nizcaya kareM" / vaha zatru ke prati svayaM kaThoravacana na kahakara usake kahe hue kaThoravacana sahana kare / jaba dUta zatrumukha se apane gurU svAmI kI nindA sune taba use zAnta nahIM rahakara usakA pratIkAra karanA caahie| dUta ko nirardhaka vilamba nahIM karanA cAhie / jo manuSya sthita hokara bhI kisI prayojanAsaddhi ke lie dezAntara meM gamana karane kA icchuka hai, yadi vaha rUka jAtA hai to isase usake prayojana naSTa ho jAte haiN| dUtoM se surakSA - (vijigISu ko) svayaM bahAdura sainikoM meM ghiga rahakara aura zatrudeza meM Ae hue dUtoM ko bhI zUrapuruSoM ke madhya rakhakara unase bAtacIta karanA cAhie / sunA jAtA hai ki cANakya ne tIkSaNadUta (viSakanyA) ke prayoga dvArA nanda ko mAra DAlA thaa| zatrupreSita lekha tathA upahAra ke viSaya meM rAjakartavya - rAjA zatru dvArA bheje hue lekha va upahAra AtmIya janoM se binA parIkSA kie svIkAra na kareM" / anuzruti hai ki karahATa deza ke rAjA kaiTabha ne vasu nAma ke rAjA ko dUta dvArA bheje hue phailane vAle viSa se vAsita adbhuta vastra ke upahAra dvArA mAra DAlA thA | karavAla ne karAla nAmaka zatru ko dRSTividha sarpa se vyApta ratnoM ke piTAre bheMTa bhejakara mAra ddaalaa| dUta ke prati rAjakartavya - uThe hue zastroM ke bIca (ghorayuddha ke bIca) bhI rAjAloga dUta mukha vAle hote haiN| ataH dUta dvArA mahAn aparAdha kie jAne para (rAjA) usakA vadha na kreN| dUtoM meM yadi cANDAla bhI hoM to unakA bhI vadha nahIM karanA cAhie, uccavarNa vAle brAhmamaNoM kI to bAta hI kyA hai ? cUMki dUta avazya hotA hai. ata: sabhI prakAra ke vacana bolatA hai" / rAjA kA kartavya hai ki vaha zatru rAjA ke rahasya ko jAnane ke lie nItijJa striyoM, donoM aura se vetana hane vAle dUtoM tathA duta ke guNa, AcAra, svabhAva se paricita rahane vAle dUtamitroM dvArA vaza meM kreN| koI bhI buddhimAna puruSa dUta dvArA kahe hue zatru ke utkarSa aura apane apakarSa ko nahIM mAnatA hai| lekha kI pramANatA - bacana kI apekSA lekha aghika prAmANika hai, kintu ajJAta lekha pramANika nahIM mAne jAte haiM / kisI ke bho lekha kA anAdara nahIM karanA cAhie, rAjA loga lekha ko pradhAnatA dete haiM, kyoMki lekha dvArA hI sandhi vigraha va sAre saMsAra kA vyApAra (kArya) hotA hai / vaktA ke guNoM kI garimA ke anusAra usake vacana kA gaurava hotA hai / (vijigISu ko) zatrurAjA ke pAsa bheje hue lekhoM meM cAra veSTana va unake Upara khaDga kI mudrA lagA denA caahie|

Page #162
152 guptacara aura unakA mahattva - guptacara svadeza, paradeza sambandhI kArya- akArya kA jJAna karane ke lie rAjAoM ke netra haiN| padmacarita meM inheM cAra kahA gayA hai 1 rAjA mAlI ke viSaya meM kathana hai ki use vezyA, vAhana, vimAna, kanyA, vastra tathA AbhUSaNa Adi jo zreSThavastu guptacaroM se mAlUma hotI thIM, una sabako zuravIra mAlI balAt apane yahA~ bulA letA thA, kyoMki vidyA, bala, vibhuti Adi se yaha apane Apako zreSTha mAnatA thaa| rAjA mama ne guptacaroM dvArA dazAnana ke mahala kA patA lagAyA thA" / gadyacintAmaNi aura kSatracUDAmaNi ke anusAra bar3I sAvadhAnI ke sAtha guptacararUpI netroM ko prerita karane vAle jIvandhara svAmI zatru mitra aura udAsIna rAjAoM ke dezoM meM unake dvArA ajJAta samAcAra ko bhI jAna lete the| rAjA ke rAjya kArya ke dekhane meM guptacara aura vicAra zakti hI netra kA kAma detI hai| netra to kevala mukha ko zobhA aura dRzya ke darzana ke lie hote haiN| guptacaroM ke kAraNa eka sthAna para sthita rahatA huA bhI rAjA apane tathA dUsare rAjya kI gatividhiyoM kI jAnakArI prApta karatA thaa| isa prakAra usakI sthiti sUrya aura candramA se bhI viziSTa zrI / sUrya sAre saMsAra kA paribhramaNa kara AtApa detA hai / candramA bhI saMcAra karatA huA sRSTi ko apanI cA~danI se AhlAdita karatA hai, kintu rAjA rAjadhAnI meM rahatA huA bhI guptacaroM dvArA sthAvara tathA jaMgama saMsAra kI pUrNa jAnakArI rakhatA hai aura una para prasAda tathA nigraha karatA hu~ / .. guptacaroM kI niyukti kRSi ke kSetra meM kisAnI, bAhya pradeza meM gvAloM, jaMgaloM meM bhIlAM, zaharoM meM vyavasAyiyoM, deza kI sImAoM para yogiyoM, rAjAoM rAjaputra, kuTumbiyoM tathA maMtriyoM maiM unake karmacAriyoM tathA antaHpura meM bahiroM aura kubar3oM ko guptacara banAyA jAtA thA / guptacaroM ke guNa - santoSa, amandatA (Alasya kA na honA), satya bhASaNa aura vicArazakti ye guptacaroM ke guNa haiM | guptacaroM ke bheda - guptacara 34 prakAra ke hote haiN| inameM se kucha avasthAyI (apane hI deza maiM rahane vAle) aura kucha yAyI (bAhara jAne vAle) hote haiM" / guptacaroM ke 34 bheda nimnalikhita haiM" / chAtra dUsare ke rahasya kA jJAtA guptacara / karnATaka- kisI bhI zAstra ko par3hakara chAtraveza meM rahane vAlA guptacara | - udAsthita - bahuta se ziSyoM vAlA, buddhi kI taukSNatA se yukta, rAjA dvArA nizcita jovikA ko prApta guptacara udAsthita kahalAtA hai / gRhapati kRSaka veSa meM rahane vAlA guptacara gRhapati hai / vaidezika jo guptacara seTha ke veSa meM rahatA hai - tApasa bAhya vrata aura vidyA ke dvArA ugane vAlA guptacara tApasa hai I kirAta jisake zarIra ke aMga choTe hoM, use kirAta kahate haiN| yamapaTTika - pratyeka ghara meM jAkara citrapaTa dikhAne vAlA aura galA phAr3akara cillAne vAlA guptacara yamapaTTika hai| ahituNDika sarpakrIr3A meM catura gupcatara ahituNDika hai| zauNDika zarAba becane vAle ke veSa meM vartamAna guptacara / zaubhika rAtri meM pardA lagAkara rUpa pradarzana karane vAlA - - -

Page #163
a I pATaJcara cora athA bandI / fre vyasanI logoM ko unake abhISTa sthAna para bhejane kI jIvikA vAlA guptacara viTa vidUSakaH sabhI ko hameM catura puruSa khe| pIThamarda - kAmazAstra kA AcArya / nattika jo guptacara kamanIya va strI veSa pradarzaka vastra (sAr3I Adi) pahanakara nAcane kI jIvikA karatA hai athavA nATaka kI raMgabhUmi meM abhinayapUrvaka nRtya karane vAle guptacara ko nartaka kahate haiN| gAyaka jo vezyAoM ke AcaraNa kA upadeza detA hai| vAdaka gIta sambandhI prabandhoM kI gativi zeSoM ko bajAne vAle aura tata sumira rUpa cAra prakAra ke bAhya bajAne kI kalA meM pravINa guptacara vAdaka hai| vAnjIvI jo stutipAThaka yA sUta (bandI) banakara rAjakIya kArya siddha karatA hai| gaNaka - gaNitazAstra athavA jyotiSazAstra kA jJAtA / - - - 153 zAkutika zakuna kahane vAlA / bhitragR Ayurveda athavA zalyacikitsA kA jJAtA / N aindrajAlika jo tantrazAstra meM kahI huI yuktiyoM dvArA mana ko Azcarya utpanna karane vAlA azravA mAyAvI ho, use aindrajAlika kahate haiM / naimittika nizAnA mArane meM pravINa athavA nimitta zAstra kA jJAtA / - - sUda pAkavidyA meM pratrINa guptacara ArAlika aneka prakAra ke khAdya padArtha banAne vAle / - - - saMvAka aGgamardana kI kalA meM kuzala athavA bhAravAhaka / tIkSaNa ghana ke lobha meM jo kaThinakArya (hAthI, zera vagairaha kA mukAbalA Adi ) karate hoM tathA apane jIvana ko bhI khatare meM DAla dete hoM aise tathA sahanazIlatA na rakhane vAle guptacara tIkSNa hai| avanaddha. dhana. krUra bandhu- vaktroM ke sneha se rahita / rasada Alamo guptacara 1 jar3a, bhUka, vadhika aura andha ye prasiddha hai / 1 gupta rahasya kI rakSA manuSya ko prANoM se bhI adhika gupta rahasya kI rakSA karanA caahie| nirarthaka va vizvAsa karane ke ayogya dUsare kI gupta bAta bhI nahIM kahanA caahie| jo puruSa parampara kI gupta bAta prakaTa kara dete haiM ye apanA-apanA hI parAkrama dikhAte haiN| guptacara rahita rAjA kI hAni ( jItane kA icchuka ) rAjA donoM pakSoM se vetana pAne vAle guptacaroM ke strI- putroM ko apane yahA~ surakSita rakhakara unheM zatru deza meM bhejeM", tAki ve vApisa Akara use zatru kI ceSTA nivedana kreN| jisa rAjA ke yahAM guptacara nahIM hote, vaha mvadeza aura paradeza sambandhI zatruoM dvArA AkrAnta hotA hai" / jisa prakAra dvArapAla ke binA dhanADhya kA rAtri meM kalyANa nahIM ho sakatA", isI prakAra guptacaroM ke binA rAjAoM kA kalyANa nahIM ho sakatA / guptacara ke vacanoM kI pramANatA - yadi rAjA ko guptacara ko bAtoM meM sandeha ho jAya to hIna guptacaroM dvArA kahI huI bAta eka sI milane para pramANa mAna lenA caahie"|

Page #164
154 -- ------- - gupta rahasya prakAza kI avadhi - mahAnubhAva dusare ke prayojana - aprayojana ko jAnakara apane hRdaya kI vAta prakaTa karate haiN| guptacaroM kA kartavya - aba rAjA 'dUra ho aura zatru ko senA A rahI ho to aise avasara para jaMgala meM rahane vAle usake guptacara ghuA karanA, Aga jalAnA. dhUla ur3AnA athavA paise kA sIMga phUkanA Adi ke bahAne use zatru kI senA ke Ane kA nivedana kreN| guptacaroM kA vetana - kArya siddha ho jAne para rAjA dvArA santuSTa hokara jo pracura dhana diyA jAtA hai, vaho guptacaroM kA vetana hai, kyoMki usa dhanaprApti ke lobha se ve apane svAmI ko kArya siddhi zIghra karate haiN| tIna zaktiyoM - rAjA loga zaktitraya arthAta prabhu, mantra aura utsAhazakti ke dvArA prajA ke samasta duHkhoM ko dUra karane kA prayatna karate the / rAjA kA rAjapanA tInoM zaktiyoM- prabhu, mantra aura utsAha se prakaTa hotA hai ye rAjA ko sArabhUta sampattiyA~ hai, isase vaha samasta pRthvI ko kalpalatA ke samAna banA detA hai, jisase dina para dina rAjya kA sukha bar3hatA hai| mantrazakti - jJAnabala ko mantrazakti kahate haiM | buddhizaktizArIraka zakti se bhI zreSTha mAno jAtI hai / isakA udAharaNa yaha hai ki thor3I zArIrika zakti rakhane vAle kharagoza ne buddhibala se siMha ko mAra ddaalaa| prabhuzaki - koza aura daNDabala ko prabhuzakti kahate haiN| isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM zUdraka aura zakti kumAra ke dRSTAnta ko liyA jA sakatA hai| prabhuzAMta kI sampadA se pRthvI kA pAlana karake hI rAjA kA pRthvIpAla nAma sArthaka hotA hai| utsAha zakti - parAkrama aura sainyazakti ko utsAha zakti kahate haiN| isake udAharaNa zrI rAmacandra jI hai| jo zatru kI apekSA ukta tInoM prakAra kI zaktiyoM se adhika hotA hai, yaha zreSTha hai / jo zaktibaya se zUnya hai. vaha jaghanya hai, evaM jo ukta tInoM zaktiyoM meM zatru ke samAna hai, vaha sama hai| ghAjhuNya siddhAnta - padmacarita ke SaSTha parva meM rAjA kuNDalamajhiData ko guNAtmakaH / (guNoM meM yukta) kahakara isako vizeSatA batalAI gaI hai| kauTilya arthazAstra meM sandhi, vigraha yAna, Amana, saMzraya aura dvaidhIbhAva ye SAdguNya arthAt cha guNa kahe gae haiN| kintu padmacarita meM sandhi aura vigraha ina do guNoM kA hI ullekha milatA hai| bAta vyAdhi RSi kA bhI kahanA hai ki sandhi aura vigraha ye do hI mukhya guNa hai, kyoMki inhIM donoM guNoM se anya chaha guNa svataH utpanna ho jo hai | Asana aura saMzraya kA sandhi meM, yAna kA vigraha meM aura dvaidhIbhAva kA sandhi tathA vigraha donoM meM antabhAva ho jAtA hai / dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya meM zama aura vyAyAma ko yoga (aprApta vastu kI prApti) aura kSema (prApta vastu kI rakSA) kA udgama kahA hai| inhIM donoM ke SaDguNa nihita hai| samajhadAra loga zatruoM ke bala kI thAha lekara hI ina chaha guNoM meM se kisI kartavya kA nizcaya karate haiN| sandhi- kucha bheMTa Adi dekara anya rAjA se samajhautA karanA sandhi hai / jisa prakAra gvAlA pazuoM ko dekhane kI icchA se Ae hue rAjA ko dhana, sampadA vagairaha dekara santuSTa karatA hai, uso prakAra yadi koI balavAn rAjA rAjya ke sammukha Ae to vRddha logoM ke sAtha vicArakara use kucha dekara usake sAtha saMndhi kara lenA cAhie / yuddha bahuta se logoM ke vinAza kA kAraNa hai, usameM

Page #165
155 bahuta so hAniyA~ hotI hai aura usakA paviSya bhI burA hotA hai / ata: kucha dekara balavAn zutra ke sAtha sandhi karanA kI hai| / uttara ko sasamma muhamAre sAlehorAmAnoM kA pIche kisI kAraNa se jo maitrIbhAva ho jAtA hai, use sandhi kahate haiM / yaha sandhi do prakAra kI hotI hai - avadhisahita (kula samaya ke lie) aura avadhirahitA (sadA ke lie)| nItivAkyAmRta ke anusAra do rAjAoM kA kucha zatoM para mela ho jAnA sandhi hai hInazakti vAle rAjA kA dhanAdi dekara zatru rAjA ke sAtha sandhi kara lenA cAhie, yadi usake dvArA kI huI vyavasthA meM maryAdA kA undhana na ho / yadi zatru dvArA bhaviSyakAlIna apanI kuzalatA kA nizcaya ho jAya ki zatru mujhe nASTa nahIM karegA aura na maiM zatru ko naSTa karUMgA, taba usake sAtha vigraha na kara mitratA ho karanA cAhie | janna koI sImAthipati zaktizAlI hI aura vaha bhUmigrahaNa karane kA icchuka ho to use bhUmi se paidA hone vAlI dhAnya anitya (kucha sapaya bAda naSTa hone vAlI) hai (ata: paidAvAra dene meM koI hAni nahIM hai) / yadi zatru ke hAtha meM bhUmi calI gaI to punaH prApta nahIM ho sakatA hai| jisa prakAra tiraskAra pUrvaka bhI AropaNa kiyA huA vRkSa pRthvI para apanI jar3oM ke kAraNa ho phailatA hai, usI prakAra vijigISu dvArA dI huI pRthvI ko prApta karane vAlA sImAdhipati bhI dRvamUla hokara punaH use nahIM chodd'taa| vigraha - zatru tathA use jItane kA icchuka rAjA ye donoM paraspara meM eka dUsare kA apakAra karate haiM, use vigraha kahate haiN| | athavA kisI ke dvArA kie hue aparAdhavaza yuddha karanA vigraha hai / badi vijigISu zatru rAjA se sainya va koSa Adi meM adhika zaktizAlI hai aura usakI senA meM kSoma.nahIM hai, taba use zatru se yuddha cher3a denA cAhie / yAna - apanI vRddhi aura zatru ko hAni hone para athavA donoM hone para zatru ke prati jo udhAma (zatru para AkramaNa karane ke lie gamana) hai, use yAna kahate haiM (yaha yAna apanI vRddhi aura zatru kI hAni rUpa phala dene vAlA hai | rAjA yadi sarvaguNa sampanna hai evaM usakA rAjya niSkAmTaka hai tathA prajA Adi kA usa para kopa nahIM hai to use zatru ke sAtha yuddha karanA hI ThIka hai jo rAjA svadeza kI rakSA na kara zatru ke deza para AkramaNa karatA hai, usake kArya naMge ko pagar3I thone ke samAna nirarthaka hai | ___ Asana - isa samaya mujhe koI dUsarA aura maiM kisI dUsare ko naSTa karane meM samartha nahIM hU~. aisA vicArakara jo rAjA cupa baiThA rahatA hai, use Asana kahate haiM / yaha Asana nAmaka guNa rAjAoM kI vRddhi kA kAraNa hai|14 ) nItivAkyamRta ke anusAra zatru ke AkramaNa ko dekhakara usako upekSA karanA AsAna hai| saMzraya - jisakA koI zaraNa nahIM hai, use apanI zaraNa meM rakhanA saMzraya nAmaka guNa hai| AcArya somadeva ke anusAra baliSTha zatru dvArA deza para AkramaNa hone para jo usake prati AtmasamarpaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use saMzraya kahate haiN| yadi zatru rAjA vyasanI nahIM hai to zaktihIna ko usake sAmane samarpaNa kara denA cAhie / aisA karane se nirbala rAjA usI prakAra zaktizAlI ho jAtA hai, jisa prakAra aneka tantuoM ke Azraya se rassI meM majabUtI A jAtI hai / balavAna kA hI Azraya lenA cAhie / jo zatru ke AkramaNa ke bhaya se balahIna kA Azraya letA hai, usakI usI prakAra hAni hotI hai, jisa prakAra hAtho dvArA hone vAle upadrava se Dara se eraNDa ke vRkSa para car3hane vAle manuSya kI tatkAla hAni hotI hai| jo svayaM asthira hai vaha yadi dUsare asthira rAjA

Page #166
156 kA Azraya letA hai to uso prakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai, jisa prakAra nadI meM bahane vAlA dUsare bahane vAle kA Azraya karane se naSTa ho jAtA hai| svAbhimAnI vyakti ko mara jAnA acchA hai, kintu parAiMiyApUrvaka apane ko becanA acchA nahIM hai| yadi (rAjA kA) bhaviSya meM kalyANa nizcita ho to use kisI vyakti kA Azraya lenA zreyaskara hai| somadeva ke pUrvavatA AcArya jinasena kA kathana hai ki yadi sandhi na kI jA sakatI ho to kisI (kile vagairaha) kA Azraya kara lenA cAhie / aisA karane se bar3e zatru ko bhI korabA kAsA , apane pyAra ne gAlA mudra bhI bar3I-bar3oM se balavAn ho jAtA hai| sajAtIya puruSa nirbala hone para bhI kisI balarAn puruSa kA Azraya pAkara rAjA ko usI prakAra naSTa kara detA hai, jisa prakAra nirbala daNDa kulhAr3I kA tIkSNa Azraya pAkara apane sajAtIya vRkSa Adi ko naSTa kara detA hai| dvaidhIbhAva - balavAn aura nirbala donoM zatruoM dvArA AkramaNa kie jAne para baliSTha ke sAtha sandhi aura nirbala ke sAtha yuddha karanA cAhie' / vijaya kA icchuka jaba apane se baliSTha zatru ke sAtha pahile mitratA kara letA hai, phira kucha samaya bAda zatru ke honazakti hone para usI se yuddha cher3a detA hai, use buddhi Azrita dvaidhIbhAva kahate hai| jaba yaha jJAta ho jAya ki do zava paraspara meM yuddha kara rahe haiM taba dvaidhIbhAva-baliSTha se sandhi aura nirbala se yuddha karanA cAhie | vijaya ko icchaka rAjA ko acchI taraha prayoga meM lAe hae sandhi, vigraha Adi chaha guNoM se middhi mila jAto hai|" | Adi purANa ke 44 meM patra meM bANoM ko upamA pAguNya se dI gaI hai| jisa prakAra kucha dera Thaharate haiM jisa prakAra rAjA loga apane sthAna se cala dete haiM, usI prakAra vANa bhI sandhi, vigraha Adi chaha guNoM ko dhAraNa kara rahe the / rAjA pahale sanyi karate haiM, usI prakAra bANa bhI horI ke sAtha sandhi - mela karate haiM / rAjA apanI paristhiti dekhakara kucha samaya Thahare rahate haiM, usI prakAra bANa bhI pAguNya ko dhAraka karane vAlA rAjAsiddhi ko prApta hotA hai, usI prakAra zatru ko mArane ke lie dhanuSa se cala par3ate haiN| jisa prakAra rAjA loga madhyastha banakara dvaidhIbhAva ko prApta hote haiM usI prakAra bANa bhI madhyastha ho dvedhIbhAtra ko prApta hote haiM athAMta zabu ke Tukar3eTukar3e kara DAlate haiM / anta meM rAjA jaise zatru ko vaza meM kara lete haiM, usI prakAra bANa bhI zatru ko vaza meM kara lete haiN| upAya - varAMgacarita meM rAjA kI prayojana siddhi ke zAnti (yAma), dAna, Azraya, sthAna, bheda tathA daNDa (a) meM chaha tathA anya sAma, dAma, daNDa, bheda ye cAra upAya batalAe gae haiN| ye upAya hI parArASTra nIti ke pramukha AdhAra hai / jo upAya kuzala kSetra ko bar3hAtA ho vahIM socanA cAhie, kintu yadi uddezya kI saphalatA meM sAdhaka gati asambhava ho taba apane hita tathA utkarma kI kAmanA karane vAle vyakti ko ho mArga pakar3anA cAhie, jisa para calakara dUsaroM ke dvArA tiraskRta hone kI AzaMkA na ho jisa prayatna meM buddhi agrasara nahIM hotI hai, vaha prayatna kabhI saphala nahIM hotA | sAma, dAna, daNDa aura bheda ina cAra upAyoM kA yathAyogya sthAnoM meM niyoga karanA kAryasiddhi kA kAraNa hai aura viparIta niyoga karanA parAbhava kA kAraNa hai| isI ko spaSTa rUpa meM isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadi upAyakA yogya rIti se viniyoga na kiyA jAya to abhISTa phala kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| yadi dUna ko kacce ghar3e meM rakha diyA jAya to yaha sahaja hI dahI nahIM bana krtaa| sAma - apane se prabala zatru se vaira nahIM karanA cAhie / samAna zakti pAle se lar3anA bhI atyadhika bAdhApUrNa hai, ata: buddhimattA isI meM hai ki sAma, dAma Adi chaha upAyoM meM me mAma kA

Page #167
157 upAya karake hI apane kArya ko siddha kara lenA cAhie / chaha upAyoM meM se bheda tathA daNDa ye donoM (prANoM kA nAza), dhana kA myama tathA klezoM ke mUla haiM aura mauta ke pada hai / saba rAjAoM meM yadi koI pArasparika bheda hai to vaha mAna kA hI hai / jitane bhI zubha tathA unnati ke avasara hai ve saba Adara, mAna bar3hane ke sAtha hI prApta hote haiN| yadi koI sammAna kA lolupa hai to usakA svAgata satkAra karake umase bacanA cAhie | sAmanIti kA anusaraNa kara kArya siddha karanA marase sukhakara hotA hai.", usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki isameM kisI prakAra ke upadrava kI AzaMkA nahIM hai| jisameM apanA aura dUsare kA samaya sukha se vyatIta ho vahI avasthA prazaMsanIya mAnI jAtI hai |jo daiva aura kAla ke bala se mukta ho, deva jisako rakSA kareM yaha sote hue siMha ke samAna hotA hai|31 | aise vyakti se yuddha karanA khatare se khAlI nahIM hotA hai| sApa svapakSa aura parapAkSa ke logoM ke lie zAnti kA kAraNa hotA hai, ataH sAma kA ho prayoga karanA cAhie jisa prakAra apanI senA meM kuzala yoddhA ho, usI prakAra pratipakSI ko senA meM bhI kuzala yoddhA ho sakate haiN| isake atirikta yuddha meM yadi eka bhI svajana kI mRtyu hotI hai to jaise vaha zatru ke lie duHkhadAI hogI, usI prakAra apane lie bhI duHkhadAI ho sakatI hai / isa prakAra satra kI bhalAI ke lie sAma hI prazaMsanIya hai, ata: ahaMkAra chor3akara sAma ke lie dUta bhejanA cAhie'" / sAma ke dvArA bhI yadi zAna mAnda nahIM hotA hai to phira usake anumA kArya karate haiN| sAma ke dvArA mitra prApti aura zatru vinAza hotA hai / daNDa ke upayoga se zatru ho hote haiM. mitra nahIM hote haiM / sAma ke sthAna para daNDa aura daNDa ke sthAna para sAma kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie|43 | Adarza puruSoM kA yaha nyAyocita tathA pAlana karane yogya vrata hai ki jise ukhAr3a diyA jAe usako punaH sthApanA kara deM / tIkSNa prakRti vaha kArya nahIM kara pAtA, jo komala prakRti karatA hai / agni per3a kI jar3a taka nahIM pahuMca pAtI, kintu pAno use ukhAr3akara pheMka detA hai / dedA calane vAlA (kuTila) jaba taka abhISTa ke pAya pahuMcatA bhI nahIM hai. taba taka sIdhA calane srAlA usake pAsa pahuMcakara upabhoga bhI kara letA hai|45 | jisa prakAra hAthI ke zarIra para lagAe hue camar3e ko komala karane vAlo auSadhi kucha kAma nahIM karatI hai, usI prakAra svAbhAva me kaThora rahane vAle vyakti ke viSaya meM sAma kA prayoga karanA nirarthaka hai|* | pratApazAlI puruSa ke sAtha sAma kA prayoga karanA ekAnta rUpa se zAnti karane vAlA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki pratApazAlI manuSya snigdha hone para bhI yadi krodha se uttapta ho jAye to usake sAtha zAnti kA prayoga karanA cikane kintu garama ghI meM pAnI khoMcane ke mamAna hai / yadi nyAyapUrNa virodha karane vAle puruSa ke viSaya meM pahale kucha dekara sAma kA prayoga kiyA jAba aura bAda meM bheda tathA daNDa kAma meM lAe jAya to sAma bAdhita ho jAtA hai| upAya ke jAnakAroM ne kahA hai ki kaThora se komala adhika sukhakara hotA hai / sUrya pRthvI ko tapAtA hai aura candramA AhAdita karatA hai / jagata meM bhI tez2a nizcaya se mRdutA ke sAtha ho rahakara hamezA sthira raha sakatA hai| dIpaka sneharahita (telarahita) avasthA ke binA bujha jAtA hai| sAmane khar3e hue paripUrNa zatru kA bhI mRdutA (komalatA) se hI bheda ho sakatA hai| nadiyoM kA vega prativarSa parvatoM kA bhedana karatA hai / jo zatru sAma se siddha kara liyA gayA vaha mauke para viruddha nahIM ho sakatA / jisa agni ko pAnI DAlakara ThaMDA kara diyA jAya vaha phira jalane kI ceSTA

Page #168
158 nahIM kara sakatI hai| / jo mRdutA se zAnta ho sakatA hai, usake Upara bhArI zastra nahIM chor3A jAtA, jo zatru sAma se siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai, usake lie dUsare upAyoM ke karane se prayojana nahIM rhtaa| kupita zatru ko zAnta karane ke lie vidvAna loga pahale sAma kA hI upayoga karate haiM koca meM sirpha jala nirmalI (phiTakarI ke binA prasanna nahIM ho sakatA'sAma tIkSNa hone para bhI hRdaya meM praveza karatA hai aura nirapekSa hokara bhI usake prayojana ko siddha karatA hai / rAjA sAma ke sivAya anya abhISTa dhAraNa nahIM karate haiM / yogya sthAna para yadi sAma kA prayoga na kiyA jAya to rAjya ke mukhya puruSa rAjA kI mayAMdA tor3ane vAlA samajhakara zava se mila jAte haiM / AcArya somadeva ke anusAra koI rAjA zaktihIna ho aura zatru parAkramI tathA mainya yukta ho to usake sAtha sandhi kara lenA cAhie / yadi zatru ne kucha hAni kI hoto usake adhika usakI hAni karake usase sandhi kara lenA caahie| jisa prakAra lagaSTrA lAhA garma lohe se nahIM jur3atA kintu garama lohe hI jur3ate haiM, usI prakAra donoM rAjA kupita hone para parampara sandhi ke sUtra meM baMdhate haiM | sAmanIti dvArA siddha hone vAlA prayojana yuddha dvArA siddha nahIM karanA cAhie / gur3a adhika iSTa hone para koI bhI vyakti vipakSaNa nahIM karatA hai | sAmanIti ke bheda - sAmanIti ke pA~ca bheda hai| - (1) guNasaMkIrtana - pratikula vyakti ke guNoM kA kathana karanA / (2) sambandhIpAkhyAna - sambandhabatalAnA / (3) paropakAradarzana viruddha vyakti kI bhalAI karanA / (4) Ayati pradarzana - hama logoM ko mitratA kA pariNAma mukhadAyI hai, yaha prakaTa karanA aura (5) AtmopasandhAna - o merA dhana hai, vaha ApakA hai. ise Apa apane kAryoM meM prayukta kareM, isa prakAra kA kathana karanA AtmopasandhAna haiN| dAna - yadi paristhiti apane anukUla na ho to ghana. deza. nagara, ratna hAtho tathA kanyA pradAna kara sandhi karanA cAhie, kyoMki loga deza, kAla kula athavA bala kI bhalI- bhIta parIkSA kara hI kArya karate haiN| yadi sAma sambhava na ho to dAna kA Azraya lenA cAhie / dAna dvArA prApta kI gaI saphalatA madhyama koTi kI hotI hai|es | sAma kI taraha dAna meM bhI kimI upadrava kI AzaMkA nahIM rahatI hai | zatru rAjA ke sAtha jo rAjA Adi AyeM de di arthalolupa hoM to unheM sAma, dAna Adi upAyoM dvArA apane vaza meM kara lenA caahie|kuch rAjA kevala AzvAsanoM yA sAmanauti se nahIM mAnate haiM, kyoMki ve sampatti ke lolupa hote haiM / jaba taka unheM dhana nahIM milatA. ve virata nahIM hote haiN| zatrutA kA sUtrapAta karane vAlI dAnahInatA ke kAraNa ve anta meM kupita bhI ho jAte haiN| ata: dAnahInatA ko sabase nikRSTa vaira mAnA cAhie / atyadhika pratApazAlI puruSa ko kar3a dene kA vidhAna karanA bhI niHsAra hai, kyoMki hajAra samidhAyeM dene para bhI pracalita ani zAnta nahIM hotI hai| / dAna ko nItiSAkyAmRta meM upapradAna kahA hai| bahuta ghana ke saMrakSaNa ke lie alpa dhana pradAna karane ke dvArA zatru ko prasanna karanA upapradAna hai| alpavyaya ke bhaya se mUrkha apanA sarvanAza karatA hai| koI bhI buddhimAna puruSa aisA nahIM hai jo zulka dene ke bhaya se apanA vyApAra chor3a hai / jo zaktihIna zaktizAlo ko dhana nahIM detA hai use Age bahuta sA dhana denA par3atA hai aura zatru ko kaMTora AjJA meM bandhanA par3atA hai| vaha koI vyaya nahIM hai, jo prayojana kI rakSA kre| pUre bhare hue tAlAba kI rakSA kA vahAva ke sivAya koI upAya nahIM hai: zatru yadi alavAn hai aura ise dhana nahIM diyA gayA to vaha prANoM ke sAtha dhana ko grahaNa kara letA ho' / ataH zaktihIna

Page #169
150 rAjA zaktizAlI sImAdhipati ke lie prayojanavaza dhana dene kA icchuka ho to vaha use vivAhAdi utsava ke avasara para sammAnapUrvaka ghara bulAkara kisI bhI bahAne pradAna kre"| Azraya yadi AkramaNa karane vAlA rAjA madhyamakoTi kA hai, usameM sArvabhauma rAjA kA guNa nahIM hai to usakI zaraNa meM na jAkara kisI uttama koTi ke g2ajA kI mahAyatA pAkara use jotanA adhika sugama haiN| / prabhuzakti mantrazakti aura utmAhazakti meM bar3he hue isa prakAra ke rAjA ko vaha dhana jo ki madhyama koTi ke zatru rAjA ko bheMTa karanA cAhate the, bheMTa karane para AkramaNa ke lie taiyAra kiyA jA sakatA hai | sthAna - yadi samRddhavyaktiyoM se paryApta koza ko mahAyatA mila sake tathA dUsaroM ke dvArA ajeya zUra manuSya apane pAsa ho tathA svayaM rAjA prabhu, mantra aura utsAha zani me mampanna ho to zatru rAjA ke pradhAna puruSoM meM phUTa DalavAkara guptacaroM ko sakriya kara diyA jAya aura kisI samartha rAjA dvArA usa para AkramaNa karAkara kucha samaya ThaharA jAya to bhI zatru ko durbala kiyA jA sakatA haiN| bheda tathA daNDa ke prayoga kA avasara - bheda aura daNDa abhISTa nahIM hai, kyoMki inakA pariNAma mRtyu aura mAza hai| isase hajAroM AdamiyoM ko kleza kA bho sAmanA karanA par3atA hai'', aisI sthiti meM uparyukta cAra upAya ho isa saMsAra meM pRthvI ko rakSA kara sakate haiM kintu yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAgi nizA. dA. :: mAsAna pani avasara nikala jAye jo bheTa aura daNDa kA hI prayoga karanA cAhie / manuSya loka meM dhana, zarIra, bala, Ayu, aizvarya cirakAta taka nahIM Thaharate haiM, kintu yadi koI puruSa satkarma karake yaza kamA sake to vaha avazya hI sthAyI hogA, ataH yaza ke lie prayatna karanA cAhie ! cAroM upAyoM kA avasara na hone para bheda tathA daNDanIti kA prayoga rAjA ke vaza aura teja ko bar3hAne ke sAtha Arthika vikAsa meM hI mAdhaka honA hai / isa prakAra kA prastAva hRdayAkarSaka hotA hai aura prastAva rakhane para rAjA prasanna hotA hai | daNDa - aprApta kI prApti tathA prApta ke saMrakSaNa ke lie daNDa kA prayoga karanA caahie| zatru pakSa ke viSaya meM kRtyAkRtya kA vicAra kara jaba sAma, bheda, Adi vyAjya hA jAMca to zatru daNDanIya hotA hai / svarga unnata pada para niyukta kintu anna nirdaya tathA pApamArga meM pravRtta apane priya logoM ko bhI rAjA usI prakAra phaiMka detA hai, jima prakAra loga bar3he hue nakhoM ko kATakara pheMka dete haiM / kaThora azvatrA nirdaya mitra ko bhI rAjA daNDa dene meM nahIM cUkatA haiN| isa prakAra sa.ma se viparIta dUrI sthiti daNDa kI hai| kisI kArya ke viSaya meM kahanA aura cIja hai aura kartavya kA jJAna aura cIja hai| hala calAne kI yogyatA rakhane vAlA caina pavAroM kA kAma nahIM de sakatA / kRtya kA nirUpaNa na karane vAlo aura khIra kI taraha manohara bAgoM ke prati koI AkRSTa nahIM hotA / phala (niSpatti) boja (kAraNa) ke pada (zabda) para sthita haiM aura bAteM to maba vRthA vANo kA ADambara hai / parAI bar3hatI para DAha karane vAle, vyartha zatrutA rakhane vAle rAjA ke sAtha sAma kA vyavahAra nahIM hotaa| usase priyavacana kahe jAyege to vaha aura krUratA kA vyavahAra kregaa| durjana kI prakRti hI aisI hotI hai ki vaha anukula nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / yogya puruSa ke pratiprayukta hone para hI acchA upAya saphala hotA hai, anyathA nhiiN| vaz2a se tor3ane lAyaka pahAr3a para rA~ko kurA kAma nahIM kara sakatI / madAndha aura parAyA apamAna karane ke liye taiyAra puruSa ke prati daNDa kA prayoga karanA hI buddhimAnoM kI salAha hai / jo nayA nahIM hai, yaha baila mahaja hI vaza meM nahIM hotA

Page #170
16i0 jaba taka zatru AkramaNa nahIM karatA taba taka svArga ke samAna pArI rahatA hai, vahI jaba zatruoM me tolA jAtA hai taba vaha tatkSaNa tRNa ke samAna halakA ho jAtA haiM / kSamA asaMdigdha rUpa se kalyANa kA kAraNa kahI gayI hai, kintu vaha pratadhAriyoM ke lie guNa hai, rAjAoM ke lie nhiiN| saMmAra ke anuyAyI aura mukti kI kAmanA karane vAloM meM bar3A antara hai / candramA kI kiraNoM ko sabhI cAhate hai kintu surya kI aura A~kha uThAkara bhI nahIM dekha sakate / yaha saba teja kI mahimA hai / dUmare ke mana ke mArga para calane vAle nilna pIr3ita hona pumA ke lautana ko zikAra haiM pUMjara Adi ilAkara lalita anunaya vinaya karake to kuttA bhI apane peTa pAla letA hai| apane ucita mahattva ko chor3akara jo duSTa puruSa se priya vacana kahatA hai vaha jalazUnya bAdala kI taraha garajakara apanI asAratA prakaTa karatA hai| cAhe janma ke pahale hI mara jAya yA vinaSTa ho jAya, kintu parAdhIna hokara rahanA acchA nahIM hai / mAna ke vinAza ko koI nahIM saha mktaa|svaabhaavik teja se rahita puruSa ko balapUrvaka baiMla kI taraha pakar3akara sabhI puruSa cAlAte haiM, ata: mahApuruSa siMha ke AcaraNa ko pamanda karate haiN| prabala hissedAroM se lar3ane ke kAraNa janma zatru kI zakti kSINa ho gaI ho aura usake mitra maMkaTa meM par3e hue ho, usa samaya usa para car3hAI kara denA caahie| zatru ke sthAna para car3hakara hI bhAgnazAlI puruSa hI sampatti pAne meM saphala hotA hai / lohA Aga se narama hotA hai, aura jala se narama banAtA hai, isI taraha durjana bhI zatruoM se pIr3ita hokara hI namratA ko dhAraNa karatA hai anyathA nahIM / zatru ke pAsa Adi Avazyaka sAmagrI kI corI karA lenA, unakA baya karanA, kisI vastu ko chipA denA athavA naSTa kara denA zatru kA vadha karanA, use kleza pahu~cAnA yA usake dhana kA apaharaNa krnaa"| daNr3a hai| bheda - upajApa (parampara phUTa) ke dvArA apanA kArya siddha karanA bheda kahalAtA hai| zatru ke dvArA vaza meM karaNIya maMtrI Adi yadi nahIM phUTate haiM to zatru bhedanIti dvArA nahIM jItA jA sakatA hai aura yadi mantrI Adi meM phUTa par3a gaI to zatru parAjita hI samajhanA cAhie' / sadaiva zatru kA pratIkAra mAma dvArA nahIM hotA hai / yadi zatru kA pratIkAra sAma dvArA Arambha ho jAye to guptacaroM kI AvazyakatA hai ? arthAt taba to guptacaroM kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rhegii| ata: zatru ke sanikaTa parArmazadAtAoM meM bheda DAla denA cAhie | bheda ke zikAra rAjya para vijaya usI prakAra AmAna hotI hai, jaise bana ke dvArA bhede gathe maNi meM AsAnI se dhAgA DAlA jA sakatA hai| | AcArya somadeva ke anusAra apane senAnAyaka tIkSNa va anya guptacara tathA donoM tarapha se vetana pAne vAle guptacaroM dvArA zatru kI senA meM paraspara eka dUsare ke prati sandeha utpanna karanA yA unameM phuTa DAlanA bhedanauti upAyoM kA samyaka prayoga - jo vyakti nIti meM catura hai. use bhedA nahIM jA sakatA hai. jo parAkramI hai use yuddha meM vaza nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / isI prakAra jisakA Azaya vikRta hai usake sAtha sAma (zAnti) kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai|% | jisa prakAra lauhA tapAne se marama nahIM hotA hai, usI prakAra tejasvI manuSya kaSTa dene se narama nahIM hotA, ata: usake sAtha daNDa kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / anunaya vinaya kara pakar3ane yogya hAthI para hI daNDa cala sakatA hai, siMha para nahIM cala sakatA" | jo vyakti sAma, dAna, daNDa aura bhedarUpa upAyoM kA viparIta prayoga karatA hai, athavA upAya AnatA nahIM hai, vaha duHkhI hotA hai / isake viparIta jo ina upAyoM ko jAnatA hai, yaha prajA ko anurakta kA letA hai / AcArya guNabhadra ke anusAra samAdi upAyoM kA ThIka

Page #171
- 161 ThIka vicArakara yathAsthAna prayoga karane para ye samAhatA (dAtA) ke samAna icchita phala pradAna karate hai athavA jisa prakAra yathA sthAna yathA yoye huye dhAna uttama phala dete hai usI prakAra rAjA dvArA yathA sthAna yathA samaya prayoga kie hue sAmAdi upAya phala dete haiM207 | sAmAdi upAyoM ke sAtha zakti kA prayoga karanA pradhAna kAraNa hai| jisa prakAra khodane se pAnI aura paraspara kI ragar3a se agni utpanna hotI hai, usI prakAra udyoga se jo uttama phala adRzya hai vaha bhI prApta karane yogya ho jAtA hai |jaya kI icchA rakhane vAle puruSa ko sadA nIti aura parAkrama donoM vRkSoM ko pakar3e rahanA cAhie / inako chor3akara phala siddhi kA dUsarA kAraNa nahIM hai / nIti aura parAkrama meM bhI nIti zreSTha hai / nItihIna kA parAkrama vRthA hai / masta hAthI ko phAr3a DAlane vAle siMha ko vyAna bhI mAra letA hai| nIti ke anugAmI prabala zatru ko bhI sahaja ho vaza meM kara lete haiM / zikArI loga masta hAthI ko bhI upAya se bAMdha lete haiN| nItimArgAnugAmI puruSa kA kAma yadi bigar3a jAya to usameM puruSa kA koI doSa nahIM hai |vh saba pApakarma kA parAbhava hai / jo puruSa nItizAstra ke dikhalAye mArga para nahIM calatA vaha kubuddhi bAlakoM kI taraha kaSTarUpo jasato lakar3I ko hAtha se apanI aura khIMcatA hai| vivekI puruSa ko zatru para sahasA daNDa kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| kucha rAjA abhimAnI hone ke kAraNa kevala sAma (priyavacanoM) se hI zAnta ho jAte haiN| abhimAnI manuSya daNDa kI dhamakI se bigar3a jAtA hai,zAnta nahIM hotaa| Aga se Aga nahIM bujhatI hai| duddhimAn puruSa siddhi ke lie zatru ke prati sAma kA prayoga karate haiM / usake bAda dAna aura bheda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| daNDa se podhA pahuMcAnA viveko puruSoM kA AMtama pAya hai / puruSa ko eka priya bAta saikar3oM aparAdhoM ko dho DAla sakatI hai / vaprapAta karane vAle bAdala zItala jala dene ke kAraNa hI logoM ko pyAre haiM / dAna meM dhana hAni hotI hai / daNDa meM bala (senA) kI hAni hotI hai / meda meM kapaTI hone kA ayaza phailatA hai | isa kAraNa sAma se bar3hakara acchA upAya nahIM hai| nItimArga - nItimArga ke anusAraNa se bhogoM kI paramparA calatI hai tathA ghora patana rokA jAtA hai, ataH zaktizAlI zatruoM ke vinAza meM samartha tathA nirdoSa AcaraNa ko dhAraNa karane vAle rAjA ko nIti kI avajJA nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki nItipatha hI vipattiyoM kA nAza karatA hai tathA abhilaSita padArthoM ko sahaja hI juTAtA hai | nItiyoM meM madhyama mArga athavA mAdhyastha nIti ko dhAraNa karane kA prayatna karanA caahie| isase nIti,zaurya, ghana, kIrti sarasvatI tathA lakSmI kI anavarata vRddhi hotI hai / kabhI madhyastha mitra kI sthiti nAjuka ho jAtI hai| mitramaNDala ke kartavyoM kI bhAvanA se prerita saMgharSarata donoM pakSoM kA mitra rAjA java saMgharSa rokane ke lie madhyastha banatA hai to use donoM ke AkramaNa sahane par3ate haiM tathA kucha samaya donoM hI usa para zaMkA karate rAjA ko nItijJa honA caahie| yadi vaha siddhi kI kAmanA karatA hai to use binA vicAra kie kArya nahIM karanA cAhie / yadyapi yaha satya hai ki abhimAnI puruSoM ko apanA parAbhava sahana nahIM ho sakatA hai, kintu balavAna puruSoM ke sAtha virodha karanA bhI parAbhava kA kAraNa haiM | mahApuruSoM kA Azraya lene meM koI hAni nahIM hai ! mahApuruSoM kA Azraya karane se malina puruSa bhI pUjyatA ko prApta ho jAte hai / pUgdha puruSoM kI pUjA karane se isaloka tathA paraloka donoM hI lokoM meM jIvoM kI unnati hotI hai aura pUjya puruSoM kI pUjA kA ullaMghana karane se donoM hI lokoM meM pApa banya hotA hai | balavAna se bhI adhika balavAn hai, isalie maiM balavAn I. aisA garva nahIM

Page #172
162 karanA caahie| senA ko rokane vAlA kauna hai kahA~ se AyA hai ? isakI senA kitanI hai, yaha kitanA balavAn hai ina saba bAtoM kA binA vicAra kie hI usakI senA ke sAmane nahIM jAnA caahie| prApta nahIM huI vastu kA prApta honA aura prApta kI huI vastu kI rakSA karanA ye donoM hI kArya kisI vijigISu rAjA kA Azraya lie binA sukhapUrvaka prApta nahIM ho sakate ! isa saMsAra meM jo samAnazaktizAlI hai, unameM paraspara jaya aura parAjaya kA nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| AN... . 1. harivaMzapurANa 11/60 2. vahIM 11/78 3. vahI 36/60 4. yahI 30/60 5. vahI 36/55-57 6. vahI 36/55 7. gadmacintAmaNi, 8. AdipurANa 4503 9, vahI 35/64 10. vahI 44/82 11, u.pu. 58/65 12. yahI 58/102 13. candraprabhacarita 12:5 14. nItivAkyAmRta 13/1 15. padmacarita 39/85 16. vahI 66/13 17. vahI 39187 18. AdipurANa 35/25-25 19. vahI 35/23 20. vahI 35/20 21. nItivAkyamRta 13/2 22. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 13/15 23. vahI 13/36 : 24. vahI 18/125 25. vahI 5/14 26. AdipurANa 44/136-137 27, 'vahI 34/89 28. nausivAkyAmRta 13/4 29, AdipurANa 43/202 30. nItivAkyAmRta phuTanoTa) 31. AdipurANa 43/202 32. pAvarita 66/90 33. vahI 6614 34. bahI 66/54 35. vahI 8/187 36. vahI /88 37. nItivAkyamRta 13/5 38, vaho 13/6 39, vahIM 1317 40. vahIM 13.8 4' mahI 1279 42. vaho 13/10 43. vahI 13/11 44, vahI 13/12 45. nItivAkyAmRta 13/13 46. vahIM 13/14 47. vahI 13/15 48. bahI 13/16 49. vahIM 13/17 50. nItivAkyAmRta 13/19 51. SahI 13/18 53. vahIM 13/20-21 53. vahI 13:22 54. vahI 13/24 55. vahI 13/23 56. yahI 27/63 57. bahI 27/64 58. vahI 31/29 59. vahI 15/17 60: vahI 13/25 61. nItivAkyAmata 14/1

Page #173
2 " 62. padmacarita 8/22 63. vahI 7/35, 36 64, vahI 8/22 65. gadyacintAmaNi lambha kSatracuDAmaNi 11/6 66. AdipurANa 4/170 67. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 2/15 68. vahI 2/16, 17 69. nItivAkyAmRta 14/2 70. vahI 14/8 71. vahI 14/9-38 72. nItivAkyAmRta 10/147 73. vahI 17/26 74. yahI 29/83 75. vahI 14/6 76. vahI 14/7 77. vahI 14/5 78. nItivAkyAmRta 10/130 79. vahI 30/97 60. vahIM 14/4 B1. varAMgavacarita 16/60 82. vahI 1/47 83. AdipurANa 32/124 84. vardhamAnacarita 2/43 85. nItivAkyAmRta 29/36 86. yahI 29137 87. vahI 29 / 38 88. vahI 29/39 89. vahI 29/40 90. candrapramarita 12/3 91. nItivAkyAmRta 29/41 92,961 29/42 93. kauTilIya arthazAstram 7/1 94. padmacarita 37/3, 36/8 95. vahIM 37/3 96. vahIM 7/1 koTilIya arthazAstram 97. dvisaMdhAna 11/15 98. candraprabhacarita 12/104 99. AdipurANa 35/24 100. vahI 42/194-196 163 101 uttarapurANa 68/67-68 102. nItivAkyAmRta 10/44 103. vahI 29/51 104. nItivAkyAmRta 29/53 105. $? 29/65 106. 467 29/66 107. vaho 29/67 108 uttarapurANa 68/68 109 nItivAkyAmRta 29/45 110. vahI 29/52 111. uttarapurANa 68/70 112. nItivAkyAmRta 29/54 113. vahI 29/55 114. uttarapurANa 68/69 115. nItivAkyAmRta 29147 116. uttarapurANa 68/71 117. nItivAkyAmRta 29/48 118. vahI 29/56 119. vahI 29/57 120. vahI 29/58 121. vahI 29/59 122. vahI 29/60 123. AdipurANa 32/54 124. vahI 45/145 125. vahI 34/43 126. nItivAkyAmRta 29/49 127. vahI 29/50 128. vahI 29/63 129 nItivAkyAmRta 58/55 130. (a) varAMgacarita 16/70 130. AdipurANa 44/129-130 131. vahI 13/70 132. 3. 46/61 133. vahI 35/99 134. vardhamAnacarita 7/27 135, varAMgacarita 16/53-54 136. vahI 16/55 137. vahI 21/66 138. harivaMzapurANa 50/29

Page #174
139. vahI 50/28 140. vahI 50/50 141. vahI 50/52-54 142. vahI 50/55 143. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/17 144. vahI 12/47 145. vahI 11/18 146. AdipurANa 35/74 147. vahI 35/100 148. vahI 35 / 98 149, vardhamAna carita 7/18 150. vahI 7/29 151. vahI 7/28 152. vahIM 7/24 153. vahI 7/21 154, vahI 7/20 155, vahI 4/41 156. nItivAkyAmRta 30/62 157. nItivAkyAmRta 30/57 158. vahI 30/58 159. vahI 30/25-26 160, vahI 29/71 161. yahI 29/32 162. varAMgacarita 16/57 163. vahI 21/47 164, vahI 16/97 165. vahI 21 /66 166. vaha 16/54 167. vahI 18/1 168. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/25 169 AdipurANa 35/101 170. nItivAkyAmRta 30 / 27 171. nItivAkyAmRta 30/28 172. vahI 30/33 173, vahI 30/29 174. vahI 30/30 175, vahI 30/31 176, vahI 30/32 177. varAMgacarita 16/58 164 178. vahI 16/7, 59 179, vahI 16/62-64 180. vahI 21/66 181.6.54 182 varAMgacarita 21/66 183. vahI 16/70, 16/65 184. kharAMgacarita 16/71 185, vahI 16.74 186. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 2/25 187. vahI 2/24 188 candraprabhacarita 12/83-97 189. vahI 7/36 190 uttarapurANa 68/64-65 191. nItivAkyAmRta 29/75 192. uttarapurANa 68/64 193. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/26 194 dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 11/19 195. nItivAkyAmRta 29/74 196. AdipurANa 33/12 197. 867 35/102 198, vahI 35 / 103 199. vahI 8/223 200 uttarapurANa 54 /38 201, uttarapurANa 62/32 202. vahI 68/73-74 203. candraprabhacarita 12/72-81 204, dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 17/11 205. bahI 16/76 206. vahI 11/33 207. vahI 11/35 208.481 17/63 209. AdipurANa 210 vahI 28/139 211. vahI 17/210 212, vahI 28/151 213 vahI 28/142 214, vahI 32/52 215. AdipurANa 28/141 216. vahI 28/194 ooo =

Page #175
ekAdaza adhyAya upasaMhAra prastuta zodha prabandha ke adhyayana se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki Aja se karIba bAraha sau teraha sau varSa pUrva bhArata ke jaina sAhitya manISiyoM aura cintakoM ne rAjazAstra sambandhI aneka viSayoM kA yatheSTa cintana-manana kiyA thA / isa adhyayana ke phalasvarUpa hama nimnalikhita niSkarSoM para pahucate haiM : rAjya - sAtaveM se dazauM zatAbdI taka ke saMskRta jaina sAhitya meM rAjya ke sAta aMga svAmI (rAjA),amAtya, suhRta, koza, rASTra, durga tathA bala (senA) kA pratyakSa yA parokSa rupa meM samyak vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| rAjya kA lakSaNa dete hue AcArya somadeva ne kahA hai - rAjA kA pRthvI kI rakSA ke yogya karma rAjya hai / sAmAnya dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAya to rAjA kA pRthvI kI rakSA ke yogya karma apane vistRta kSetra aura artha ko lie hue hai| isake antargata Antarika surakSA vA bAhyasurakSA donoM ke upAya Ate haiN| somadeva ne pRthvI pAlanocita karma se tAtparya sanie, vigraha, yAna, Asana, saMzraya aura vaidhIbhAva, jinheM sammilita rUpa meM SADaguNya kahA jAtA hai, batalAyA hai| isa prakAra somadeva ne bAhya surakSA para adhika jora diyA hai / ho sakatA hai somadeva ke kAla meM isa prakAra kI paristhiti rahI ho ki bAharI AkramaNa ke khatare ke kAraNa Antarika surakSA kI apekSA bAhya surakSA para adhika dhyAna denA par3A ho, kintu yaha nizcita hai ki bAhya surakSA ke sAtha sAtha Antarika surakSA bhI Avazyaka hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki somadeva ne rAjya kI uparyukta paribhASA ke sAtha sAtha varNa tathA Azrama se yukta tathA dhAnya, hiraNya, pazu, evaM kupya (lohA Adi dhAtuyeM) tathA vRSTi rupa phala ko dene vAlI pRthvI ko bhI rAjya kahA hai |somdev ke samaya taka varNa aura Azrama vyavasthA baddhamala ho gayI thI / Antarika surakSA ke lie yaha Avazyaka thA ki loga varNa Azrama meM vibhakta hokara apane apane kartavyoM kA samucita rUpa meM pAlana kareM, isI se hI zAnti kAyama raha sakatI thI / ise hI kAyama rakhane hetu daNDa vyavasthA, nyAya vyavasthA, guptacaroM kI niyukti, nagara evaM grAma kI rakSA Adi sAdhana prayukta kie ge| rAjya eka bahuta bar3I sAdhanA hai / jisa prakAra tapa meM yaha dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai ki aprApta iSTa tatva kI prApti ho aura prApta iSTa tatva kI rakSA ho usI prakAra rAjyapAlana ke samaya bhI aprApta vastu kI prApti (yoga) aura prApta vastu kI rakSA (kSema) para adhika dhyAna diyA jAtA hai / yoga aura kSema ke viSaya meM yadi pramAda huA to adha: patana ho jAtA hai pramAda na hone para pArI utkarSa hotA hai| AcArya guNabhadra ne sukhatattva ko pradhAnatA do / saMsAra meM sAre kArya sukha ke lie kie jAte haiM / ata: guNabhadra ne kahA -'rAjyoM meM rAjya vahI hai jo prajA ko sukha dene vAlA ho / rAjA prajA ko sukha dene meM tabhI samartha ho sakegA jaba usake pAsa rakSA ke lie paryApta senA tathA Arthika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie paryApta koza ho| isI ko dhyAna meM rakhakara somadeva ne deza kI paribhASA dI-"svAmI ko daNDa (senA) aura koza kI jo vRddhi de use deza kahate hai| aise deza ke prati kisI bhI vyakti kA pakSapAta honA svAbhAvika hai ata: kahA gayA-samasta pakSapAtoM meM deza kA pakSapAta mahAn hai / rAjya aura deza ke sAtha somadeva ne jo viSaya, maNDala, janapada, dAraka

Page #176
166 tathA nirmama kI paribhASAyeM dI ve mahAn artha ko apane andara saMjoe hue haiN| ina paribhASAoM ko rAjya nAmaka adhyAya meM diyA gayA hai| cUkiM rAjya dharma, artha aura kAmarUpa phaloM ko pradAtA hai| ataH nItivAkyAmRta ke Adi meM use namaskAra kiyA gayA hai kintu dharma se parampara yA mokSa kI upalabdhi hotI hai ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAjya puruSArtha catuSTaya (dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa). kA sAdhaka hai| rAjA kI AvazyakatA rAjA maryAdAoM kA rakSaka aura dharmoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa thaa| usakA Azraya lekara prajA sukha se nivAsa karatI thiiN| duSToM kA nigraha karanA aura ziSTa puruSoM kA pAlana karanA rUpa sama jasatva guNa rAjA meM nihita thA ataH loka ko rAjA kI AvazyakatA thI / rAjA kI mahattA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se rAjA kA atyadhika mahatva thA / padmacarita meM rAjA kI maryAdA, harivaMzapurANa meM lokaraMjana, chatracUr3AmaNi meM prajA vAtsalya, uttara purarANa meM dAnavIratA, candraprabhUcarita meM sarvadevamayatva tathA nItivAkyAmRta meM dharmaparAyaNatA evaM kulInatA rUpa guNoM kA vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai| usake satya se megha kRSakoM kI icchAnusAra barasate haiM aura varSa ke Adi madhya tathA anta meM boe jAne vAle sabhI dhAnya phala pradAna karate haiM" / rAjA ke pRthvI kA pAlana karate samaya jaba surAjya hotA hai jo prajA use brahmA mAnakara vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai" | guNavAn rAjA deva, buddhi aura udyama ke dvArA svayaM lakSmI kA upArjana kara use sarvasAdhAraNa ke upabhoga karane yogya banA detA hai, sAtha hI svayaM usakA upabhoga karatA hai" / rAjA jaba nyAyapUrvaka prajA kA pAlana karatA haiM aura snehapUrNa pRthvI ko maryAdA meM sthita rakhatA hai, tabhI usakA bhUbhRtapanA sArthaka hotA hai yA - rAjA meM naitika guNoM ko anivAryatA prAcIna bhAratIya granthoM meM rAjA ke lie rAjarSi zabda kA prayoga prApta hotA hai| lokAnuraJjana karane ke kAraNa vaha rAjA tathA RSi ke anukUla AcaraNa ke kAraNa vaha RSi thaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki vibhinna granthoM meM use ariSaDvarga vijetA, (kAma, krodha, mada, mAtsarya, lobha aura moha kA vijetA) kahA gayA hai| jo rAjA ina para vijaya prApta 4 nahIM karatA hai, apanI AtmA ko nahIM jAnane vAlA vaha rAjA kArya aura akArya ko nahIM jAna sakatA hai / " / trivarga kA avirodha rUpa meM sevana karanA, madhyama vRtti kA Azraya lenA, kArya ko nizcita samaya para karanA, zatruoM kA vijetA honA, prajApAlana, satata jAgRta rahanA, niyamapUrvaka kArya karanA, yathAparAdha daNDa denA, nyAyaparAyaNatA, satsaMga, pratyupakAra, samayAnusAra kArya karanA, anItipUrNa AcaraNa kA parityAga tathA dhArmikatA Adi guNa rAjA meM naitika guNoM kI anivAryatA ko puSTa karate I suzikSita rAjakumAra rAjakumAroM ko uttama zikSA dilAne kA pUrA prayatna kiyA jAtA thA, tAki vaha Age rAjakArya pUrNatA se saMcAlana kara ske| sAtavIM se dasavIM sadI ke saMskRta jaina kAvyoM meM rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya, zikSA prApti ke bAda athavA anya vizeSa avasara para mAtA-pitA athavA gurujana rAjaputra ko zikSA dete hue pAe jAte haiM jo gurujana svaMya guNI ara vidvAna hote haiM, unakA putra ko usake hI kalyANa ke lie apanI bahujJatA ke anukUla upadeza denA svAbhAvika hai" / prAya: rAjakumAroM ko nimnalikhita upadeza die jAte the

Page #177
167 (1) zatruoM para nautipUrvaka vijaya prApta karanA / (2) duSToM ko daNDa denaa| (3) ziSToM kA pAlana karanA / (4) trivarga kA avirodha rupa se sevana karanA / (5) kartavya kI bhAvanA se dAna denA / (6) sevakoM ke prati kSamAbhAva rakhanA / (7) guNoM ko grahaNa karanA, doSoM ko chor3anA / (B) yauvana, saundarya, aizvarya, balavatA ko manuSya kA anarthakArI mAnanA / (9) sajjanoM kI saMgati karanA aura durjanoM se dUra rahanA / (10) ahaMkAra na karanA / (11) kutajJa honaa| (12) parivAra ko vaza meM rakhanA / (13) vRddhajanoM kI salAha se kArya karanA / (14) apanI cittavRtti ko chipAe rkhnaa| doSapUrNarAjA -raviSeNa AdiAcAryoM ne rAjA ke guNoM ke sAtha unake doSoM kA bhI digdarzana karAyA hai, jo nimnalikhita haiM (1) atyanta krUra honaa| (2) indriyoM kA vazavI honA / (3) sadAcAra se vimukha honA / (4) lobha meM aaskti| (5) vicArazUnyatA / (6) tamNA (7) mUrkha manuSyoM se ghirA honA / (8) pujyapuruSoM kA tiraskAra karanA / (9) apanI jarbadastI dikhalanA / (10) apane guNoM tathA dUsare ke doSoM ko prakaTa karanA / (11) adhika kara lenaa| . (12) asthira prakRti kA honA / (13) dUsare ke apamAna se malina huI vibhUti ko dhAraNa karanA / (14) kaThinAI se darzana honA / (15) putra kA kuputra honaa| (16) sahAyaka, mitra tathA durga Adi AdhAroM se rahita honA / (17) nirdayau, asahanIya aura vaiSI holA / . (18) bure rogoM se ghirA hotA / (19) khoTe mArga meM clnaa|

Page #178
168 (20) binA krama ke pratyeka kArya meM Age AnA / (21) murkhatA / (22) duraacaar| (23) svatantra rahanA (mantrI Adi se salAha na lenA) (24) Alasya / (25) apanI zakti ko na jAnanA / (26) adhaarmiktaa| (27) balAtkArapUrvaka prajA se dhana grahaNa ! (28) yathAparAdha daNDa na denA | (29) kSud adhikArI rakhanA | (30) brahmaghAta (zastrahIna zatru ko hatyA karanA) / rAjA ke sahAyaka - rAjA ke sahAyakoM meM mantriyoM kA viziSTa sthAna hai / jisa prakAra mantrazAkta ke prabhAva se bar3e bar3e sa sAmathyahAna hokara vikArarahita ho jAte haiN| usI prakAra mantrazakti ke prabhAva se bar3e bar3e zatru sAmarthyahIna hokara vikArarahita ho jAte haiM" / rAjA mantriyoM dvArA carcA kie jAne para zatruoM kA saba prakAra AnA jAnA Adi jAna letA hai aura usake dvArA usakA Atmayala sannihita rahatA hai. isa prakAra vaha jagata ko jItane meM samartha hotA hai|" | rAjA ko mantriyoM kI parIkSA gharmopatrA, arthopadhA, kAmopadhA aura bhopadhA ina cAra upadhAoM tathA jAti Adi guNoM se karanA cAhie tathA nimnalikhita kArya mantrI kI salAha se karanA caahie| (1) binA jAne yA prApta kie hue zatru sainya vagairaha kA jAnanA yA prApta krnaa| (2) jAne hue kArya kA nizcaya karanA / (3) nizcita kArya ko dRr3ha karanA / (4) kisI kArya meM sandeha hone para usakA nivAraNa karanA / (5) ekodeza prApta hue bhUmi Adi padArthoM kA prApta karanA athavA ekodeza jAne hue kArya ke zeSa bhAga ko jAna lenaa| amAtya kI paribhASA dete hue kahA gayA hai - jo rAjA dvArA diyA huA dAna- sammAna prApta kara apane kattaLapAlana meM utsAha va Alasya karane meM rAjA ke sAtha sukhI duHkhI hote haiM, unheM amAtya kahate haiM | jisa prakAra (ratha Adi kA) eka pahiyA nahIM cala sakatA hai, usI prakAra mantrI Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA rAjyazAsana nahIM cala sakatA hai | jisa prakAra ani IMdhana yukta hone para bhI havA ke binA prajvalita nahIM ho sakatI usI prakAra mantrI ke binA baliSTha va suyogya rAjA bhI rAjya zAsana karane meM samartha nahIM ho sakatA hai / mantrI ke atirikta anya ucca padAdhikAriyoM meM purohita, senApati, yuvarAja, dauvArika, antarvazika, prazAstA, samAhartA sannidhAtA, pradeSTA, nAyaka,pauraThyAvahArika, kAAntika, mantripariSadAdhyakSa, daNDapAla, durgapAla, antapAla,ATavika sthapati,rAjazreSThI, poThamada, naimittika,bhANDAgArika, paura, mahattara, gRhapati, grAmamukhya lekhavAha, lekhaka, bhojaka, goSThamahattara, purarakSaka, pAlaka, dharmastha, AyudhapAla tathA yAmamahattara ye rAjA ke kAyoM meM sahAyatA dene vAle pradhAna adhikArI the / inake kAryoM Adi kA vivaraNa sapramANa mantripariSada tathA anya adhikArI nAmaka adhyAya meM diyA gayA hai|

Page #179
169 sahAyakoM ke prati rAjA ke kartavya - jisa prakAra bilAvoM se dUdha kI rakSA nahIM ho sakatI hai usI prakAra adhikAriyoM se ( rAjakoSa kI) rakSA nahIM ho sakatI hai| ata: rAjA ko sadA unakI parIkSA karanA caahie| arthavyavasthA - rAjAoM kI sthiti tabhI taka surakSita raha sakatI hai, jaba taka usakI Arthika vyavasthA sudRr3ha ho, ataeva koSa kI mahattA svIkAra kI gaI hai / koSa ho rAjAoM kA prANa hai / isa loka meM paryApta sampatti saMkalita karana se dharma, artha aura kAma tInoM sambhava ho sakate haiM / rAjA dazaratha ke pAsa itanI sampatti thI ki unakI dAnazIlatA ko yAcaka nahIM saMbhAla sake |ve nirmala tathA paryApta yazarupI dhana saMcaya karane ke lie vyavasAyiyoM se bhare bAjAroM,khanika kSetroM, araNyoM, samudrI tIroM para sthita pattanoM, pazupAlakoM kI stiyoM. durgo tathA rASTroM meM guNoM kI apekSA pracura mAtrA meM sampatti ko bar3hAte the29| vAdIbhasiMha ne daridratA ko prANoM se na chUTA huA paraNa kahA hai gayacintAmaNi meM kahA gayA hai ki manuSya ko pitR pitAmaha ke dhana kA adhika bharosA na kara sampatti arjita karane kA yatna karanA cAhie, kyoMki Aya se rahita ghana avinAzI nahIM ho sakatA hai|7| nItivAkyAmRta meM isI kI puSTi karate hue kahA gayA hai ki puruSa kA puruSa dAsa nahIM hai, apitu puruSa kA dhana dAsa hai | jo rAjA apane rAjya meM dhanasaMgraha nahIM karatA hai aura adhika dhana vyaya karatA hai, usake yahA~ sadAkAla rahatA hai, kyoMki nitha svarNa kA vyaya hone para merU bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai / ata: arthavyavasthA para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai / AcArya somadeva ne nItivAkyAmRta ke 21veM samudradeza meM koSavRddhi ke upAyoM kA pratipAdana vizada rUpa se kiyA lokarakSA ke lie kie gae nirmANa kArya - ina kAryoM meM rAjanItika dRSTi se durga racanA, sabhA racanA tathA nagara tathA grAma nivezoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai / durga rAjA aura usako senA vagairaha ke bacAva ke uttama Azrayasthala the, unheM zatru dvArA asaMghanIya kahA gayA hai| durgoM meM yantra. zastra, jala, jo ghor3e tathA rakSaka bhare rahate the | balavAn zatru kA sAmanA durgoM kA Azraya lekara kiyA jAsakatA thA, kyoMki apane sthAna para sthita kharagoza bhI hAthoM se balavAn ho jAtA hai durgavihIna deza sabhI ke tiraskAra kA pAtra hotA hai|hrivNshpuraann meM vibhinna prakAra kI sabhAoM tathA paThacarita meM vibhinna prakAra sannivezoM kA kathana upalabdha hotA hai / sabhAoM kA nirmANa prArambha meM lokarakSA ke lie hI kiyA gayA hogA, bAda meM ye rAjanIti kA kendra hone ke sAtha rAjAoM kI zAna zaukata kAsthAna bhI bana gaI / AdipurANa ke paMcama parva se rAjasabhA kI eka jhalaka prApta hotI hai, tadanusAra rAjasamA meM rAjA siMhasAna para baiThatA thaa| aneka vArAMganAyeM usa para camara DhoratI thiiN| mantrI, senApati, purohita, seTha tathA anya adhikArI rAjA ko gherakara baiThate the| rAjA kisI ke sAtha haMsakara, kisI ke sAtha sambhASaNa kara, kisI ko sthAna dekara, kisI ko dAna dekara, kisI kA sammAnakara aura kisI ko Adarasahita dekhakara santuSTa hotA thA ganrdhavAdi kalAoM kA jAnakAra rAjA vidvAna puruSoM ko goSThI kA bAra bAra anubhava karatA thA tathA zrotAoM ke samakSa kalAvid puruSa paraspara meM jo spardhA karate the, use bhI dekhatA jAtA thaa| isI bIca sAmantoM dvArA bheje hue dUtoM ko dvArapAloM ke hAtha bulAkara bAra bAra unakA satkAra karatA thA tathA anya deza ke rAjAoM ke pratiSThita puruSoM (mahattaroM) dvArA lAI gaI bheMTa ko dekhakara unakA bhI sammAna karatA thA | rAjasamA meM rAjA panvivarga

Page #180
170 ke sAtha svecchAnusAra baiThatA thA mantriyoM meM se jo samyagadRSTi, vrato, guNa aura zIla se zopita, mana, vacana, kAya se sarala,gurabhakta, zAstroM kA vettA, atyanta buddhimAna utkarSa zrAvakoM (gRhasthoM) ke yogya guNoM se zobhAyamAna tathA mahAtmA hotA thA, rAjA usakI prazaMsA kara usake vacanoM ko svIkAra karatA thaa| sainyazakti- rAjya kI surakSA vagairaha kA sArA dAyitva senA para thA ataH adhikAdhika saMkhyA meM sainika rakhane par3ate the| eka sthAna para akSauhiNI pramANa senA kA ullekha huA hai| akSauhiNI senA ke antargata ikkIsa hajAra sAimantA hAlI para sapA nau 3: to sau panyAsa gadAni aura paiMsaTha hajAra chaha sau caudaha ghor3e Ate the| yuddhasthala meM yoddhAoM kI jAgarUkatA anupama hotI thii| yoddhA bAppa ko barasAte the, ANa ghor3e ko girA detA thA, ghor3A ghur3asavAra ko girA detA thaa| isa prakAra yoddhA loga eka dUsare ko girAne kI paramparA se khuba sAdhakara bANa chor3ate the / azvesanA apanI vegazIlatA ke lie prakhyAta rahI hai / isakI vegazIlatA kA dhanaJjaya ne bahuta hI sundara citra khoMcA hai- 'pUrI kI pUrI caMcala vAyusenA kA vega vAyu ke samAna thA, citta vega maya thA, zarIra cittamaya thA tathA citta aura zarIra ekameka ho jAne ke kAraNa vaha azvArohiyoM kI preraNA se jalarAzi ko pAra kara gaI thI 1 isI prakAra gaja senA aura rathasenA kI kAryakalApoM tathA unakI zaktiyoM kA varNana yatra tatra prApta hotA hai| mitrazakti - isa loka aura paraloka meM mitra ke samAna hita karane vAlA koI dUsarA nahIM hai na mitra se bar3hakara koI bandhu hai / jo bAta guru athavA pAtA pitA se nahIM kahI jAtI hai aisI gupta se gupta bAta bhI mitra se kahI jAtI hai / mitra apane prANoM kI paravAha na karatA huA kaThina se kaThina kArya siddha kara detA hai| uttarapurANa meM maNiketu isakA dRSTAnta hai, ata: sabako aisA mitra banAnA caahie| nAgarika aura grAmya zakti - kisI bhI rAjya yA rAjA kI mukhya zakti kA kendra usake nagara yA grAmanivAsI hote haiN| ye jitane adhika sampanna aura guNoM se bharapUra hogeM, rASTra utanI hI samRddha aura guNavAna hogA / candraprabhacarita meM inake jIvana kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai tadanusAra puranivAsI buddhi meM tIkSNa hote the, kintu unake vacana tIkSNa (kaThora) nahIM hote the / dvijihavatA (cugalakhorI), cintA aura daridratA kA yahA~ (nAgarikoM meM) nAma hI nahIM hotA thA |mada, upasarga, (roga, bAdhA) tathA nipAta vahIM dikhAI nahIM par3atA thA | paraloka sambandhI kAryoM meM lage hue nAgarika dharma ke lie dhanopArjana aura vaMza calAne ke lie kAmabhoga karate the| unheM dhana kamAne aura kAmabhoga karane kA vyasana nahIM hotA thA |sbhii loga rAjA kI prasanatA meM apanI prasannatA mAnakara mahotsavAdi manAte the, gaNikAyaM nRtya karatI thIM | nagara ko zomA manuSyoM se, manuSyoM kI zobhAdhana se. ghana kI zobhA bhoga se aura bhoga kI zobhA nirantaratA se hotI hai| nagara kI samRddhi meM anya logoM kI apekSA vaNikoM (vyApAriyoM) tathA tArkikoM (vidvAnoM) kA adhika yoga rahatA hai ataHAvazyaka hai ki vaNika aura tArkika donoM hI lokaprasiddha avirodhI aura vyAbhicAra rahita mAna (taula, pramANa) se vastuoM kI toleM yA pramANita kreN|

Page #181
171 ' tatkAlIna godhana tathA dhAnyasampadA ko dekhakara loga Anandita ho uThate the / Ikha pailane meM yantroM tathA nRtya karate hue mayUroM kI madhura dhvani ke kAraNa rAjA bhI gokula nivAsa kI prazaMsA karate the| dUtoM kI bhUmikA- dUtoM kI bhUmikA mahatvapUrNa hotI thii| rAjA loga apanA abhiprAya vyakta kara dUtoM ko dUsare rAjAoM ke pAsa bhejA karate the| kuzAgrabuddhi dUta dUsare rAjA kI sabhA meM jAkara apane svAmI kA abhiNaya nipuNatApUrvaka nivedana karatA thA, isIlie dUta ko rAjAoM kA mukha kahA jAtA thaa| __ cAra-pracAra- guptacara lokarakSA ke mukhya aMga the / guptacaroM ke dvArA zatru ke saba hAla ko saba taraha jAnakara rAjA apane parAe ko jAnane kI ceSTA karatA thA / guptacaroM dvArA hI zatru ke Agamana kA samAcAra prApta hotA thA / rAjA zatruoM ke mRtyoM ko guptacaroM ke dvArA dUnA vetana dilAkara vaza meM karatA thA aura jAlI patra bhejakara usakA sAmantoM se bigAr3a karA detA thaa| zaktipaya - prabhUzakti mantrazakti aura utsAhazakti se yukta rAjA sabako jItane kI zakti rakhatA hai / prabhuzakti kI sampadA se pRthvI kA pAlana karake hI rAjA kA pRthvIpAla nAma sArthaka hotA hai| cAGaguNya - sandhi, vipraha, yAna, Asana, saMtraya aura dvaidhIbhAva ye chaha guNa kahe gae hai| samajhadAra loga zatruoM ke bala kI thAha lekara ina chaha bAtoM meM se kisI kattayaM kA nizcaya karate hai / ye chahoM guNa lakSmI ke snehIM haiN| zatrutAoM kA pratIkAra - zatru apane manoratha kI siddhiparyanta prasanna karane yogya hote haiN| apane zatru ke kAryoM kI prabalasA aura usake vicAra ko jAnakara pratIkAra karanA cAhie / isa prakAra uttama upAyoM se prasiddha manuSya kArya ko pUrNa karane meM rukAvaTa rahita hote haiN| raNavidhAna - yuddha prArambha hone se pUrva zatru rAjAoM ke yahA~ dUta bhejA jAtA thA! dUta svAmI kA abhiprAya nivedana kara laura AtA thA / yadi zatru rAjA dUta dvArA kahI gaI bAtoM kI avehalanA karatA thA yA unako TukarAtA thA to yuddha prArambha ho jAtA thA | yuddha karane se pUrva bar3oM kI salAha lI jAtI thI / isake bAda mantriyoM se mantraNA kI jAtI thii| soca vicAra kara hI kArya kiyA jAtA thA, kyoMki binA vicAre kArya karane vAloM kA kArya niSphala ho jAtA hai / jIta hAra ke viSaya meM bhAgya aura puruSArtha donoM ko mahattA dI jAtI thii|kevl puruSArtha hI kAryasiddhi kA kAraNa nahIM haiM, kyoMki nirantara kArya karane vAle puruSArtha kisAna kA varSA ke binA kyA siddha ho sakatA hai? arthAta kucha bhI nhiiN| eka hI samAna puruSArtha karane vAle aura eka hI samAna Adara se par3hane vAle chAtroM meM se kucha to saphala ho jAte haiM aura kucha karmoM kI vivazatA se saphala nahIM ho pAte haiN| acchI senA ke lie Avazyaka thA ki usa senA meM malina bhUkhA, dIna, pyAsA, kutsita vastra dhArI aura cintAtura vyakti dikhAI na par3e / sainikoM ke utsAhavardhana hetu striyAM bhI sAtha meM jAyA karatI thIM / yuddha prArambha karane se pUrva madhya meM aura anta meM bAje bajAe jAte the| sabase pahale yantra Adi ke dvArA koTa ko atyanta durgama kara diyA jAtA thA tathA aneka prakAra ko vidhAoM dvArA nagara ko gahavaroM evaM pAzoM se yukta kara diyA jAtA thA | sacce zUravIra yuddha meM prANa tyAga karanA acchA samajhate the para zatru ke lie namaskAra karanA acchA nahIM samajhate the|

Page #182
172 yuddha kI yaha vidhi hai ki donoM pakSoM ke khedakhinna sathA mahA pyAsa se pIr3ita manuSyoM ko jala diyA jAtA hai, bhUkha se duHkhI manuSya ko amRta tulya bhojana diyA jAtA thA / pasInA se yukta manuSyoM ko AhalAda kA kAraNa gozIrSa candana diyA jAtA hai. paMkheM Adi se havA dI jAtI haiM, barpha ke jala ke chITeM die jAte haiM tathA isake atirikta jo kArya Avazyaka ho, usakI pUrti samIpa meM rahane vAle manuSya tatparatA ke sAtha karate haiM / yuddha kI yaha vidhi jisa prakAra apane pakSa ke logoM ke lie hai usI prakAra dUsare pakSa ke lie bhI hai / yuddha meM nija aura para kA bheda nahIM hotA hai| aisA karane se hI kattayaM kI siddhi hotI hai / jo rAjA atizaya baliSTha zUravIroM kI ceSTA dhAraNa karane vAle haiM ve bhayabhIta, brAhmaNa, muni, nihatthe, strI, bAlaka, pazu, aura dUta para prahAra nahIM karate haiN| zaraNAgata tathA zastra DAla dene vAle para bhI prahAra nahIM kiyA jAtA thaa| nyAya vyavasthA - duSToM kA nigraha aura ziSToM kA pAlana karanA yaha rAjAoM kA dharma nItizAstroM meM batalAyA gayA hai / sneha, moha, Asakti tathA bhaya Adi kAraNoM se rAjA hI yadi nItimArga kA ullaghaMna karatA hai to prajA bhI usakI pravatti karatI hai, ata: rAjA ko cAhie ki usakA dAyAM hAtha bhI yadi dRSTa ho to use kAra bhAcArya sopadesa kA kahanA hai ki dUrAcAra karane vAloM ko vaza meM karane ke lie daNDa ko chor3akara anya koI upAya nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa prakAra Ter3hI lakar3I Aga lagAne se hI sIdhI hotI hai, usI prakAra durAcArI daNDa se hI sodhe hote uparyukta vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki sAtavoM se dazavIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina sAhitya meM rAjanIti ke sabhI pakSoM kA vizada nirupaNa prApta hotA hai / isa sAhitya ke praNetAoM dvArA kI gaI rAjanaitika vyAkhyAyeM unake rAjanIti viSayaka gahana cintana ko abhivyakta karatI hai, isase spaSTa hai ki dharma ke gahanatattvoM kA gaharAI se cinsana karane ke sAtha lokanIti aura rAjanIti ke vibhinna pahaluoM ko unhoMne upekSA nahIM kI tathA apane pratibha nakSuoM dvArA jIvana ke laukika evaM pAralaukika donoM rUpoM ko dekhA / isa prakAra cintana aura vizleSaNa ke kSetra meM unako amUlya dena hai, jo prastuta zodhaprabandha ke mUlyavAn sandarbho se bhalI bhA~ti spaSTa haiN| kA phuTanoTa) 1. somadeva : nItivAkyAmRta 5/4 12. vahI 4/117 2. yahI 5/5 3. vahI 5616 3. kSatracUr3AmaNi 11/8 14. vahI 5715 4. uttarapurANa 52/40 15. AdipuraNa 34/75 5. nItivAkyAmRta 19/2 16. jaTAsiMhanandi : varAMgacarita 29/42 6. vahI 1016 17. AdipurANa 47161 7. vahI maMgalAcaraNa 18. vahI 18/14 8. padmacarita 66/10 19. vahI 5/251 9. vahI 27/27 20. uttarapurANa 59/155 10. AdipurANa 42/189-203 21. somadeva : nItivAkyAmRta 10/23 11. uttarapurANa 52/5 || 22. nautivAkyAmRta 18/5

Page #183
173 23. bahI 18/3 24. vahI 1814 25. nItivAkyAmRta 18/44 26. vahIM 21/4 27. dvi ma. 21/18 28. vahI 2/4 29. vahI 2/13 30. kSatracUr3AmaNi 3/5 31. gadhacintAmaNi dvitIya lambha pR. 124 32. somadeva : nItivAkyAmRta 17/54 33. vahI 8/6, vahI 8/5 34. vahI 21/24 35. AdipurANa 28/92 OM. uttarapurANa 54/24 37. 264 38. nItivAkyAmRta 20/4 39.AdipurANa 5/2-3 40. vahIM 517-12 41. vahI 5/158-160 42. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 5/49 43. pAvarita 56/11, 12 44. dvisaMdhAna mahAkAvya 16/51 45. vahI 14131 46. uttarapurANa 48/142 47. candraprabhacarita 1138 48. yahI 1/33 49. vAhI 1/32 so. vahI 2/119 51. vahI 3/71-72 $2. candraprabhacarita 1/35 53. vahI 2/142 54. vahIM 14/46 55. vahI 21123, 13/48 56. vIranandI : candrapramacarita 6189 57. vahIM 12/1 58. vAhI 12/5 59. vahI 12/105 60, vahI 14/68 61. vahI 12/106 62, vahI 7169 63. vahI 1213 64. vahI 12/104 65. uttarapurANa 68/67 66. kSabUr3AmaNi 10/22 : :nhI 10/18 68. vahI 10/23 69. raviSeNa: padmacarita - aSTama parva - ___ caitreda aura sumAlI kA yuddha 70. vahI 12/163 71. vahI 12/164 '72, vahI 12/166 73. vahI 102/106-107 74, pAcarita 46/230 75. vahI 12/1177 76. raviSeNa : paracarita 75/1-4 77. padmacarita 66/90 78. vahIM 57/24 79. guNabhadra : uttarapurANa 67/109-111 80. nItivAkyAmRta 28/25 000

Page #184
174 sahAyaka granthoM kI sUcI 1. padamacarita (prathama bhAga) mUla lekhaka - raviSeNa (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya), bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, prathama AvRtti, julAI 1958 2. padmacarita (dvitIya bhAga) mUlalekhaka - ravidhega (anu. paM. panAlAla sAhityAcArya), bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, prathama AvRtti, pharavarI 1959 padamacarita (tRtIya bhAga) mUla lekhaka - raviSeNa (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya), bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzo, prathama AvRtti, navambara 1959 4. varAGgagacarita- mUla lekhaka - -jaTAsiMhanandi, (anu. pro. khuzAlacanda gorAvAlA), mAratIyavarSIya digambara jaina saMgha, caurAso, mathurA, vIra ni. saM. 2480 harivaMzapurANa - mUla lekhaka - AcArya jinasena (anu. paM. pannAlAla, sAhityacArya), bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, prathama AvRtti, 1962 I. AdipurANa ( bhAga 1) mUla lekhaka - AcArya jinasena (anu, paM. pannAlAla sAhityacArya) bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1963 I. 7. AdipurANa (bhAga 2) mUla lekhaka - AcArya jinasena (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya), bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, san 1965 dvisandhAna mahAkAvya , mUla lekhaka - mahAkavi dhanaJjaya, sampAdaka-khuzAlacara gorAbAlA, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana san 1970 ( prathama saMskaraNa) samracUr3AmaNi-vAdobhasiMha sUri (anu. mohana lAla zAstrI) sarala jaina grantha bhaNDAra, lAkhA bhavana, purAnI carahAI, jabalapura vIra ni. saM. 2480 (dvi. saM.) gacintAmaNi - mula lekhaka- yAdIbhasiMha sUri (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya). bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, 1968, prathama saMskaraNa (1958 I.) 11, uttarapurANa- mUla lekhaka- AcArya guNabhadra (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityacArya) bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, dvitIya AvRtti 1968 candraprabhacarita - voranandi (sampAdaka paM. dugAprasAda) nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI, dvitIya saMskaraNa 1902 I. 13. vardhamAnacarita - mula le. mahAkaSi asaga (anu. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya).jaina maMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApura, 1974 14. candraprabhacarita . voranandi (anu. rUpanArAyaNa pANDeya, jaina sAhitya prasAraka kAryAlaya, candAbAr3I, giragAva bambaI, 1916 I. 15. nItivAkyAmRta - somadeva sUri (anu. paM. sundaralAla zAstrI, zrI mahAvIra jaina granthamAlA, 23 dariyAgaMja, dehalI (navambara1950), prathamavRtti 16. raghuvaMzamahAkAvya- kAlidAsa (anu. DaoN. bAbUrAma tripAThI) mahAlakSmI prakAzana, AgarA 2 (1970-71) 17. aparAjipRcchA

Page #185
I f 18. Rgveda (sUrata, 1950) 19. arthaveda (sUrata, 1950) 20 mahAbhArata zAntiparva - citrazalA premA 21. rAmAyaNa 22. pAzvaMbhyudaya - jinasena (sampAdaka mau. gau. koTArI) jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura (prathama saMskaraNa) 23. gobhaTTasAra (karmakANDa ) 24. upAsakAdhyayana - somadeva sUri (anuvAda. paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ) bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana 1964 (prathama saMskaraNa) 25. sAhitya darpaNa- vizvanAtha (anu. DaoN. satyavratasiMha), caukhambhA vidyAbhavana caukA vArANasI, prathamAvRtti 1957 26. manusmRti- manu (sampAdaka paM. rAmateja zAstrI) paMDita pustakAlaya, kAzI saM. 2004 27. kauTilIya arthazAstra. kauTilya (anu. vAcaspati gairolA ) caukhambhA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI1, prathama saMskaraNa 1962 . 175 26. zukranItisAra jIvanananda vidyAsAgara, kalakattA prathama saM. 1881 I. 29. zukranItisAra (anu0 vinayakumAra sarakAra ), ilAhAbAda 30. kAmandakIya nItisAra kAmandaka (bhASA TIkA- paM. jyAlA prasAda mizra saMvat 29 zaka 1874 pra. khemarAja zrIkRSNadAsa mAlika vaiGgakaTezvara sTIma presa, bambaI / 31. yAjJavalkyasmRti yAjJavalkya (hindI vyAkhyA- umeza candra pANDeya) caukhambhA prakAzana - vArANasI (prathama saMskaraNa- 1967 ) 32. varAGgaNacarita- jaTAsiMhanandi sampAdaka DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye mAsika candra digambara jaina granthamAlA. hIrA yAga bambaI prathama AvRtti 1938 33. mudrArAkSasa- vizASadatta 34. kAdambarI eka sAMskRtika adhyayana- DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, caukhambhA vidyAbhavana, cauka vArANasI | 35. mahAvIra caritra asaMga (anu. paM. khUbacanda zAstrI) pra. mUlacanda kizanadAsa kaapdd'iyaa| digambara jaina pustakAlaya, gA~dhI cauka, sUrata ( dvitIyayAvRtti ) 36. nItivAkyAmRta meM rAjanIti. DaoN. ema. ela. zarmA bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, prathama saMskaraNa. sitambara 1971 37. prAcIna bhArata meM rAjya aura nyAyapAlikA- hariharanAtha tripAThI, motIlAla banArasIdAsa, baMgalo ror3a, javAhara nagara dehalI, prathama saMskaraNa (1965) 38. hindU sabhyatA DA. rAdhAkumuda mukarjI, rAjakamala prakAzana, dehalI, dvitIya saMskaraNa (1958) 39. prAcIna bhArata kA rAjanItika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa- vimala candra pANDeya seNTrala buka Dipo ilAhAbAda, tRtIya saMskaraNa (1968)

Page #186
176 40. mahAbhArata meM lokakalyANa kI rAjakIya yojanAyeM - DaoN. kAmezvalAya mitra, bhAratIya , manISA prAcyavidyA gadranthamAlA amatmalakarADI 147/293 gaudoliyA vArANasI pra.saM.1972 41. vaidika sAhitya aura saMskRti -baledaya upAdhyAya, zAradA mandira 29/17 gaNeza dIkSita, vArANasI, tRtIya saMskaraNa 1967 42. Rgveda para eka aitihAsika dRSTi-mahAmahopAdhyAya paMDita vizvezca nAtha rer3a, motIlAla banArasIdAsa, vArANasI, prathama saMskaraNa (1967) 43. rAjanItivijJAna ke siddhAnta-pukharAja jaina / 44. harSacarita eka sAMskRtika adhyayana DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla / haribhadra ke prAkRta kathA sAhitya kA AlocanAtamaka parizIlana-DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, prAkRta zodha saMsthAna, vaizAlI, jilA, mujaphpharanagara (bihAra) 1965 I. dharmazAstra kA itihAsa-prathama bhAga, DA]. pI. vI. kANe (anu. prAdhyApaka arjuna caube kAzyapa) ema. e. hindI samita sUcanA vibhAga, 3. pra. lakhanaU, prathama saMskaraNa / adbhuta bhArata - e. ela. bAzama (anu. ceMkaTezacandra pANDeya) zivalAla agravAla eNDa kampanI, AgarA -3 (1967 I.) 48. prAcInabhArata ke abhilekhoM kA adhyayana - DaoN. vAsudeva upAdhyAya 49. saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna - DaoN. nemicandra zAstro. bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, prathama saMskaraNa, sitambara 1971 kauTilya kI zAsanapaddhati - bhagavAnadAsa kelA, hindI sAhitya sammelana prayAga (tRtIya saMskaraNa-saMvat 2005 vi.) 51. AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata: DaoN. nepicandra zAstrI pra. gaNezaprasAda varNo granthamAsA humarAvabAna basati, assI, vaaraannsii| saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa - kotha (pra. motIlAla banArasIdAsa. vArANasI) saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa lekhaka vAcaspati gairolA, naukhampA vidyAbhavana kAzI. (1960) S4. saMskRta sAhitya kI rUparekhA candrazekhara pANDeya tathA zAntikumAra nAnurAma vyAsa, sAhitya niketana, kAnapura (1964) patrikAyeM :-. anekAnta varSa 5, kiraNa 3, 4 a. maI 1942 pR. 148-149 nKHm