Tattva Sangraha Vol 2

Author(s): Kamlashila, Ganganatha Jha
Publisher: Oriental Research Institute Vadodra

Page 61

786
TATTVASANGRAHA : CHAPTER XIX.
eat during the day', one concludes that the man eats beforehand at night. Such an assumption is Presumption.—(1592)
The following might be urged: The idea that the Man eats at night is derived from the said words---He is corpulont and eats not during the daythemselves (so that it is only a case of Verbal Cognition)
The answer to this is as follows:
TEXTS (1593-1598).
"As A MATTER OF FACT, THE IDEA OF THE NIGHT (AND THE MAN EATING
AT NIGHT) CANNOT BE DERIVED FROM THE SENTENCE SPEAKING OF The Day (AND THE MAN NOT EATING); BECAUSE WHAT IS EXPRESSED BY THE WORDS OF THE LATTER HAS NO connection WITH eating at night. NOR IS THERE ANY CONTRADISTINCTION WHEREBY THE LATTER COULD INDICATE THE eating at night.-NOR CAN A SECOND (AND TOTALLY DIFFERENT) MEANING BE ATTRIBUTED TO THE WORDS (SPEAKING OF THE Day); BECAUSE THESE ARE ALREADY TAKEN UP IN EXPRESSING ANOTHER IDEA.-FROM ALL THIS IT FOLLOWS THAT THE IDEA IN QUESTION (OF eating at night) IS DERIVED FROM A TOTALLY DIFFERENT SENTENCE PRESENT ONLY IN THE MIND OF THE PERSON. -THUS THEN, THIS SENTENCE (IN THE MIND), THOUGH IT IS NOT ACTUALLY VERBALLY EXPRESSED, IS YET DULY COGNISED, AND IT HAS TO BE POINTED OUT WHICH ONE AMONG THE MEANS OF COGNITION, PERCEPTION AND THE REST, IT IS WHICH BRINGS ABOUT THE COGNITION OF THE SAID (UNSPOKEN) SENTENCE.-AS THE SENTENCE IS NOT ACTUALLY SPOKEN, IT COULD NOT BE Perception; NOR COULD IT BE Inference, BECAUSE THE SENTENCE HAS NEVER BEEN FOUND TO BE CONCOMITANT WITH THE OTHER FACTOR ; AND IF, EVEN WHEN THIS RELATION (OF CONCOMITANCE) HAS NEVER BEEN PERCEIVED, THE FACTOR CONCERNED WERE REGARDED AS AN INFERENTIAL INDICATIVE, THEN THE UTTERANCE OF ANY ONE SENTENCE MIGHT BRING ABOUT THE COGNITION OF ALL SENTENCES; BECAUSE ON THE POINT OF being unrelated, THERE WOULD BE NO DISTINOTION BETWEEN ONE SENTENCE AND ANOTHER."-(1593-1598)—[Shlokavārtika--Arthāpatti, 56-61.]
COMMENTARY.
There are two kinds of meaning possible in a sentence in the form of (a) Connection and (6) Contradistinction; of these Connection consists in the