Sambodhi 2006 Vol 30

Author(s): J B Shah, N M Kansara
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 34

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VIJAY PANDYA
SAMBODHI
He is the first critic to have added a tenth rasa i.e. Preyān.
Preyas as an alamkāra is found in Udbhata along with rasavat- a figure of speech. In Bhāmaha and Dandin Preyas is a speech expressive of non-sexual love. This preyas of Bhāmaha and Dandin developed into a new rasa at the hands of Rudrata.
Dandin has asserted that Preyas is very closely related to śrngāra. Friendship or affection of parents is many times portrayed in literature and hence, the need must have been felt to recognise some sort of rasa for such portayals or situations.
It was Rudrata who introduced Preyān as a rasa and sneha as its sthāyin, स्नेहप्रकृतिः प्रेयान् (15-11 K.A.) Rudrata has not illustrated his concept of प्रेयान् रस: but it appears that by sneha Rudrata thinks mainly of friendship as he, in the following line elucidates. Tipi ufa EGGERIST HATI (15-18 K.A.) There is an exchange of friendly behaviovr.
This addition of Preyan Rasa opens up, so to say, the floodgates to the increment of rasas, The concept of this preyān rasa further broadened in Bhoja according to whom Preyas included all types of nonsexual love (farah RA Cari hiyaifa S.K.A.) Non-sexual love included friendly behaviour, affection of parents and elders for children and youngsters, a sort of attachment between a leader and a follower and devotion to God and reverence for elders.
Rudrata has mentioned preyas of sneha. Abhinavabhārati mentions Bhakti and Sraddhā as rasas proposed by some. Abhinava however rejects their claim as rasas but there were literary critics who thought of rasas other than fixed nine. And it is quite plausible, in the absence of some hard evidence that Rudrata might have been the foreunner of all such proposers, for rasas other than nine. Abhinava says अत एव ईश्वरप्रणिधानविषये भक्तिश्रद्धे स्मृतिमतिधृत्युत्साहाद्यनुप्रविष्टे अस्यैवाङ्गमिति न तयोः पृथग्रसत्वेन गणनम्
Moreover, as we have seen, Rudrata has sneha as sthāyin and preyān rasa. But it a appears that there were some who proposed sneha as rasa and ārdratā as the sthāyin. Rudrata himself has mentioned ardratā while describing sneha sthāyin 3115 : CUGAT 264C yafa I (15-19 K.A.) If heart is tender, then sneha arises. Abhinavabhārati discusses and rejects the claim of sneha as rasa.