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No. 11.)
TIRUPPUVANAM PLATES OF JATAVARMAN KULASEKHARA I.
end of the reign of Jațāvarman Kulasēkhara I, the Pāņdyas under the lead of Māravarman Sundara-Pandya I, won laurels in the field against the Cholas and the kings of the two Kongu countries, and this practically brought the civil war to a culmination. That this war was directed against the Chola and Kongu kings prevents any possibility of taking Jaţāvarman Kulasēkhara I and Märavarman Sundara-Pāņdya I to be the descendants of Kulabēkhara of the civil war with Putalamadandai introduction
Now we come to the consideration of the geographical names. The inscription under edition mentions a good number of districts and sub-divisions. They are: (1) Milalai-kūrram, (2) Muttūrru-kurram, (3) Keralabinga-valanādu, (4) Madurodaya-valanādu and (5) Sõjapandiyavalanādu among Districts; and (6) Madakkulam, (7) Alagiyapandiyakkulam, (8) Rājasingankuļam, (9) Vadatalai-Sembi-nädu, (10) Poliyür-nādu, (11) Karungudi-nädu, (12) Purapparalainadu, (13) Tiyandaikkudi-nadu, (14) Kit-Sembi-nadu, (15) Panangalur-nādu, (16) Kañai-Irukkai, (17) Kiranür-nādu, (18) Tiruvavanam, (19) Mērkudi-nadu and (20) Kalavali-nadu among sub-divisions. The villages under No. 1 are Parāntakanallur and Tandalai. No. 2 had Kappalür, No. 3 Veļiyaprūr, No. 4 Madurai, No. 5 Sisu-Pasalai, No. 6 Madurai, No. 7 Māranür, Sirukulattūr, Vellūrkuruchchi and Vellür, No. 8 Rājēndiram and Tiruppūvanam, No. 9 Aykkudi, No. 10 Arunguļam and Poliyūr, No. 11 Kil-Nettür alias Kirtivisālaiyanallur, No. 12 Puttūr, Ka]|ikkudi and Milaganür, No. 13 Kit-Pasalai alias Dāņaviņādanallur, Mēr. Pasalai alias Srivallabha-chaturvēdimangalam and Manaviramangalam, No. 14 Mālangudi, No. 15 Aờikarai, No. 16 Iruñchirai and Mittiravēli, No. 17 Vidattal alias Mānābharana-chaturvēdimangalam, Vēlür, Nakkamangalam, Vägaikudi, Tiruvāvanam, Tuttiyur and Kirungakkottai, No. 18 Marudur and No. 19 Mērkuļi and Annalvāy.
Of the Districts, Milalai-kurram and Muttürru-kurram have a separate history which is worth noting and which, owing to the formation of modern districts, has been badly miscon. ceived. As regards the position of these two ancient territorial divisions, whether they were in the Chõla country or not, we have to know the southern limit of the Chõļa country which would determine at once the northern boundary of the Pandyan kingdom. It is stated in the Tamil Solamandalasatakame that the boundaries of the Chöļa country were the river Veļļāru in the north and south, Kottaikkarai in the west and the sea in the east. A verse attributed to the Tamil poet Kamber calls the northern boundary Eņāţtu-Veļlāru and thus distinguishes it from the
1 A later record of the time of Maravarman Sundara-Pandys I dated in the 21st year of his reign (-A.D. 1237) tells us that owing to the imposition of taxes on dévadāna lands during the time of the Kannadiyar there was no money in the treasury of the temple at Kottaiyar in Kana-nadu and that the temple authorities had to sell away some of the temple lands (No. 310 of the Pudukkottai State collection). About the same time, we have an inscription at Tirugõkarnam, dated in the 20th year of Rajaraja III which registers gifts made for the merit of the sons of Sõmaladeviyar the queen of Narasimha and the mother of Sõmēsvars of Dorasamudram (No. 183 of the Pudukkottai State collection). These two inscriptions testify to the fact that the Hoysalas aided the Cholas against the Pandyas.
* For the present we leave out of consideration the minor principalities : they will be dealt with separately. The verse runs as follows: it is given here for easy reference :
Sellun-kunapär-rirai-vēlai tenpår-chelitta Vellaru Vellun-Kottaikkarai vilangu mēlpäl vadapal Vellare Ellaiy-oru-nangipun=kādam=irupä-nängum=idam perida
Mallal valvu talaitt-öngum valaxi-cher Sola-mandalamë ! • The following is the stanza :
Kadal kilakkuutterku-kkarai-pural-Vellaru Kuda-tibaiyir-Kottaikkaraiyam vada-tibaiyil Eņáttu Vellar-irupattu-när-kadam Söpattukk-ellaiyena-chcholl
