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he had displayed his talent to such an extent that even Anga and Upanga works recommend the readers to refer to Prajñāpanā for detailed discussions on various subjects.
The Nandisutra Pattāvalí enumerates the names beginning from Sudharmā. There the eleventh name is of Ārya śyāma. The actual words of the Pattāvali are : "vamdimo hāriyam sumajjam.” Thus according to this Pattāvali he belonged to Hāritagotra. But the above mentioned two interpolated gāthās regard him as 23rd in the line of Vacakavamsa. Following these two gāthas Ac. Malayagiri too considers him to be 23rd in the line. But it is to be borne in mind that therein we are told this much that he is 23rd in the line; there we find no enumeration of the names from Sudharmā to Arya Śyāma.
From the Pattavalis we know the fact that there were three persons bearing the same name Kālakācārya. The first Kälaka is that whose death (according to Dharmansägarīya Pattāvalt; birth according to Kharataragacchiya Pattāval[18) occurred in 376 V. N. (i.e. 376 years after the death of Lord Mahavira). The second Kalaka is that who destroyed the king Gardabhilla and who fourished in V. N. 453 (= 17 years before the commencement of Vikrama Era). The third Kalaka is that who flourished in V. N. 993 (=523 V. S.) and who changed the day of Samvatsarī from the 5th day of Bhadrapada to the 4th.
According to the tradition represented by the Pațţāvalis the first Kālaka and śyāmācārya, the author of Prajñāpanā, are identical. But in the Pattavalis śyāmācārya is not regarded as 23rd in the line while in the two gāthăs, under consideration, he is so regarded. Hence it becomes necessary for us to regard the references to his number in the line as secondary, while tackling the problem of his date.
The third Kalaka who flourished in 993 V.N. (=523 V. S.) could in no way be the author of Prajñāpanā because Nandi which was written before 993 V.N. (=523 V.S.) mentions Prajñāpanā in the list of Āgamas.
Now what remains for us to decide is as to who out of the first two Kalakas is identical with śyāmācārya. Dr. U. P. Shah opines that śyāmācārya mentioned 11th in the line and Kālakācārya, destroyer of King Gardabhilla, become identical, if the first two Kalakas were regarded as one identical person. In the Pattā valis where these two Kalakas are considered to be two different persons, the date of one is 376 V. N. and that of another
18. adyan prajñāpanākst indrasya agre nigodavicăraraktā śyāmācāryāparanama |
sa tu vīrāt 376 varşair jātahi
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