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355
Śabdavșttis the nature of : Abhidhā
śabdaḥ
rūdhah
yaugikah
yoga-rūdhaḥ avyakta-yogal niryoga2 yogābhāsa3
śubddha-yaugika4 yaugika-mūla-yaugika5 sambhinna-yaugika6
sāmānyárthe7
višeşárthe8 sāmánya-vićeşa-ubhayavišeşártha-bodhaka sāmānyárthabodhaka vidhártha-bodhakara 9
(here ‘niradhi' means sea and reservoire of water) In sabda-sakti-prakāśikā (1590 A.D.), Jagadīsa Tarkālamkāra also has given a nine-fold division which is seen in Jayadeva also.
We have seen that Jayadeva has qualified 'sabda' by 'vibhaktyutpattaye'. Now vibhaktis are mainly two-fold, 'sup' and 'tin'. The 'sup'-case-terminations are twenty one. They are used in kāraka-rūpa (i.e. words). The 'tin' are of two types - (i) concerning parasmai pada, which are nine 'tip-ādi”. (ii) The other nine are concerning the ātmanepada - 'ta'-ādi'. On account of the futpatti' of these Vibhaktis', i.e. when a collection of letters deserves to take up these caseterminations, it becomes useful for and are utilized in a language. When these case-terminations are attached to a word, it is called a śāstrīya sabda. Jayadeva thus (I. 13b) comes to the explanation of 'pada' and 'vākya', as :
vibhaktyantam padam, vākyam - (136)
tadvyūho'rtha-samāptitah, - (14a) The word with (sup/tin) case-terminations appended is termed 'pada' (in grammar). The collection of such 'padas' is a (grammatical) sentence which conveys one meaning and the padas in which are free from expectancy.
Paurnamāsi observes : (pp. 18, ibid): "arthasya padárthasya samāptih, avasānam iti artha-samāptiḥ, tasyām artha-samāptito artha-samāptau iti yāvat. nirakānkşam iti yāvat.”
After explaining the concepts of 'sabda' and vākya' in the first Mayukha, Jayadeva - picks up the topic of śabda-vsttis which are three for him, viz. vyañjanā, laksanā and abhidhā, Jayadeva compares these three with the three flows of the Gangā which look to be 'gambhira', 'kutila' and 'sarala', following three vrttis. Jayadeva observes -
"vịtti-bhedais tribhir yuktā srotobhir iva jhāhnavi,
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