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'Laksana'
527 "vsttibhedais tribhir yuktā
srotobhir iva jhāhnavī, bhārati bhāti gambhīrā,
kutilā saralā kvacit." Laksaņā then is termed 'kuțilā'. Ramā tīkā explains ‘kuțilatva' as : śakyárthasya tyāgena atyāgena arthántara-pratīti-janakatvam kuțilatvam' • 'kuțilatva' i.e. deviation is apprehension of another sense with the primary meaning being either left out or not left out. Jayadeva defines laksaņā (IX. i) as -
“mukhyárthasyā’vivakṣāyām pūrvā’rvācī ca rūdhitaḥ, prayojanāc ca sambaddham
vadanti laksaņā matā.” "When 'mukhyártha' i.e. primary sense is not intended, laksanā is that power which yields a sense which is related (to the primary). It is either (rūdhitah) based on usage and is termed 'pūrvā' or is based on motive, and is called 'arvācī.
It may be noted here that Jayadeva lays down - "mukhyárthasya a-vivaksā” as the basic condition of laksanā. This means that when the speaker's intention is different from the one appearing from the primary sense, laksanā is resorted to. So, Jayadeva here seems to differ from the traditionally accepted thinking concerning laksaņā which, according to Mammaţa and many others, takes 'mukhyártha-bādha' i.e. contradiction of the primary sense as the basic condition of laksanā. Here Jayadeva seems to replace 'mukhyārthabādha' by 'tātparya-anupapatti', as we had observed while treating the views of early Mimāmsakas though of course, there, in the Mimāmsā thinking 'mukhyártha-bādha' was not totally ruled out. The Ramā commentary observes : “mukhyárthasya a-vivakṣāyā laksaņābījatvam vadatā mukhyartha-bādhasya laksanā-bījatvam nirastam."
The 'Paurņamāsī (pp. 270, Edn. Chawkhamba Sk. Sr. - Varānasi - Haridas Skt. Granthamālā, '64) observes : "anvayā’nupapattis tātparyā’nupapattis ceti dvau laksanavakāśahetū prācīnā manyante. tanna. 'kākebhyo raksyatām annam' ity atra anvayā'nupapater abhāvāt, tātparyā'nupapater eva ca kārya-siddheh."
Dr. Trilokinath Dwivedi (Edn. Candrāloka, Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan, Varanasi, Delhi, '92) pp. 373 observes in his sanskrit commentary -
"mukhyas' cásāv artho mukhyárthaḥ vācakena śabdena mukhyayā abhidhayā śaktyā pratipădito'rtho mukhyáthaḥ. tasya avivaksāyām vastutātparyā'visayı
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